---
license: apache-2.0
datasets:
- AIDC-AI/Ovis-dataset
library_name: transformers
tags:
- MLLM
pipeline_tag: image-text-to-text
---

## Introduction
Ovis is a novel Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) architecture, designed to structurally align visual and textual embeddings. For a comprehensive introduction, please refer to [Ovis paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.20797) and [Ovis GitHub](https://github.com/AIDC-AI/Ovis).

<div align="center">
    <img src="https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/658a8a837959448ef5500ce5/TIlymOb86R6_Mez3bpmcB.png" width="100%" />
</div>

## Model
As always, Ovis1.5 remains fully open-source: we release the training datasets, training & inference codes, and model weights for **reproducible transparency** and community collaboration.

| Ovis MLLMs               | ViT         | LLM                |                                                   Training Datasets |                    Code                     |                          Model Weights                           |
|:-------------------------|:-----------:|:------------------:|:-------------------------------------------------------------------:|:-------------------------------------------:|:----------------------------------------------------------------:|
| Ovis1.5-Llama3-8B        | Siglip-400M | Llama3-8B-Instruct | [Huggingface](https://huggingface.co/datasets/AIDC-AI/Ovis-dataset) |  [Github](https://github.com/AIDC-AI/Ovis)  | [Huggingface](https://huggingface.co/AIDC-AI/Ovis1.5-Llama3-8B)  |
| Ovis1.5-Gemma2-9B        | Siglip-400M | Gemma2-9B-It       | [Huggingface](https://huggingface.co/datasets/AIDC-AI/Ovis-dataset) |  [Github](https://github.com/AIDC-AI/Ovis)  | [Huggingface](https://huggingface.co/AIDC-AI/Ovis1.5-Gemma2-9B)  |

## Performance
We evaluate Ovis1.5 across various multimodal benchmarks using [VLMEvalKit](https://github.com/open-compass/VLMEvalKit) and compare its performance to leading MLLMs with similar parameter scales.

|                   | MiniCPM-Llama3-V2.5 | GLM-4V-9B | Ovis1.5-Llama3-8B | Ovis1.5-Gemma2-9B |
|:------------------|--------------------:|----------:|------------------:|------------------:|
| Open Weights      |                  ✅ |         ✅ |                ✅ |                ✅ |
| Open Datasets     |                  ❌ |         ❌ |                ✅ |                ✅ |
| MMTBench-VAL      |                57.6 |      48.8 |              60.7 |          **62.7** |
| MMBench-EN-V1.1   |                  74 |      68.7 |          **78.2** |              78.0 |
| MMBench-CN-V1.1   |                70.1 |      67.1 |          **75.2** |              75.1 |
| MMStar            |                51.8 |      54.8 |              57.2 |          **58.7** |
| MMMU-Val          |                45.8 |      46.9 |              48.6 |          **49.8** |
| MathVista-Mini    |                54.3 |      51.1 |              62.4 |          **65.7** |
| HallusionBenchAvg |                42.4 |        45 |              44.5 |          **48.0** |
| AI2D              |                78.4 |      71.2 |              82.5 |          **84.7** |
| OCRBench          |                 725 |   **776** |               743 |               756 |
| MMVet             |                52.8 |    **58** |              52.2 |              56.5 |
| RealWorldQA       |                63.5 |        66 |              64.6 |          **66.9** |

## Usage
Below is a code snippet to run Ovis with multimodal inputs. For additional usage instructions, including inference wrapper and Gradio UI, please refer to [Ovis GitHub](https://github.com/AIDC-AI/Ovis?tab=readme-ov-file#inference).
```bash
pip install torch==2.1.2 transformers==4.43.2 pillow==10.3.0
```
```python
import torch
from PIL import Image
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM

# load model
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("AIDC-AI/Ovis1.5-Gemma2-9B",
                                             torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16,
                                             multimodal_max_length=8192,
                                             trust_remote_code=True).cuda()
text_tokenizer = model.get_text_tokenizer()
visual_tokenizer = model.get_visual_tokenizer()
conversation_formatter = model.get_conversation_formatter()

# enter image path and prompt
image_path = input("Enter image path: ")
image = Image.open(image_path)
text = input("Enter prompt: ")
query = f'<image>\n{text}'
prompt, input_ids = conversation_formatter.format_query(query)
input_ids = torch.unsqueeze(input_ids, dim=0).to(device=model.device)
attention_mask = torch.ne(input_ids, text_tokenizer.pad_token_id).to(device=model.device)
pixel_values = [visual_tokenizer.preprocess_image(image).to(
    dtype=visual_tokenizer.dtype, device=visual_tokenizer.device)]

# generate output
with torch.inference_mode():
    gen_kwargs = dict(
        max_new_tokens=1024,
        do_sample=False,
        top_p=None,
        top_k=None,
        temperature=None,
        repetition_penalty=None,
        eos_token_id=model.generation_config.eos_token_id,
        pad_token_id=text_tokenizer.pad_token_id,
        use_cache=True
    )
    output_ids = model.generate(input_ids, pixel_values=pixel_values, attention_mask=attention_mask, **gen_kwargs)[0]
    output = text_tokenizer.decode(output_ids, skip_special_tokens=True)
    print(f'Output: {output}')
```

## Citation
If you find Ovis useful, please cite the paper
```
@article{lu2024ovis,
  title={Ovis: Structural Embedding Alignment for Multimodal Large Language Model}, 
  author={Shiyin Lu and Yang Li and Qing-Guo Chen and Zhao Xu and Weihua Luo and Kaifu Zhang and Han-Jia Ye},
  year={2024},
  journal={arXiv:2405.20797}
}
```
  
## License
The project is licensed under the Apache 2.0 License and is restricted to uses that comply with the license agreements of Qwen, Llama3, Clip, and Siglip.