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# Model Card for
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<!-- Provide a quick summary of what the model is/does. -->
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## Model Details
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The YOLO series has become the most popular framework for real-time object detection due to its reasonable trade-off between speed and accuracy.
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However, we observe that the speed and accuracy of YOLOs are negatively affected by the NMS.
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Recently, end-to-end Transformer-based detectors (DETRs) have provided an alternative to eliminating NMS.
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Nevertheless, the high computational cost limits their practicality and hinders them from fully exploiting the advantage of excluding NMS.
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Furthermore, RT-DETR-R50 outperforms DINO-R50 by 2.2% AP in accuracy and about 21 times in FPS.
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After pre-training with Objects365, RT-DETR-R50 / R101 achieves 55.3% / 56.2% AP. The project page: this [https URL](https://zhao-yian.github.io/RTDETR/).
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![image/png](https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/6579e0eaa9e58aec614e9d97/WULSDLsCVs7RNEs9KB0Lr.png)
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- **Developed by:** Yian Zhao and Sangbum Choi
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- **Funded by
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and the Shenzhen Medical Research Funds in China (No.
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B2302037).
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- **Shared by
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- **Model type:**
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- **Language(s) (NLP):**
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- **License:** Apache-2.0
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- **Finetuned from model [optional]:**
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### Model Sources
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<!-- Provide the basic links for the model. -->
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- **Repository:** https://github.com/lyuwenyu/RT-DETR
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- **Paper
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- **Demo
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## Uses
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<!-- Address questions around how the model is intended to be used, including the foreseeable users of the model and those affected by the model. -->
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### Direct Use
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<!-- This section is for the model use without fine-tuning or plugging into a larger ecosystem/app. -->
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You can use the raw model for object detection. See the [model hub](https://huggingface.co/models?search=rtdetr) to look for all available RTDETR models.
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### Downstream Use [optional]
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<!-- This section is for the model use when fine-tuned for a task, or when plugged into a larger ecosystem/app -->
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### Out-of-Scope Use
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<!-- This section addresses misuse, malicious use, and uses that the model will not work well for. -->
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## Bias, Risks, and Limitations
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<!-- This section is meant to convey both technical and sociotechnical limitations. -->
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### Recommendations
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<!-- This section is meant to convey recommendations with respect to the bias, risk, and technical limitations. -->
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Users (both direct and downstream) should be made aware of the risks, biases and limitations of the model. More information needed for further recommendations.
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## How to Get Started with the Model
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Use the code below to get started with the model.
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```
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import torch
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import requests
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<!-- This relates heavily to the Technical Specifications. Content here should link to that section when it is relevant to the training procedure. -->
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We conduct experiments on
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dataset. We report the standard COCO metrics, including
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AP (averaged over uniformly sampled IoU thresholds ranging from 0.50-0.95 with a step size of 0.05), AP50, AP75, as
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well as AP at different scales: APS, APM, APL.
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Images are resized
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- **Training regime:** <!--fp32, fp16 mixed precision, bf16 mixed precision, bf16 non-mixed precision, fp16 non-mixed precision, fp8 mixed precision -->
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![image/png](https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/6579e0eaa9e58aec614e9d97/E15I9MwZCtwNIms-W8Ra9.png)
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#### Speeds, Sizes, Times [optional]
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<!-- This section provides information about throughput, start/end time, checkpoint size if relevant, etc. -->
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## Evaluation
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<!-- This section describes the evaluation protocols and provides the results. -->
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This model achieves an AP (average precision) of 53.1 on COCO 2017 validation. For more details regarding evaluation results, we refer to table 2 of the original paper.
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#### Testing Data
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<!-- This should link to a Dataset Card if possible. -->
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#### Factors
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<!-- These are the things the evaluation is disaggregating by, e.g., subpopulations or domains. -->
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#### Metrics
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<!-- These are the evaluation metrics being used, ideally with a description of why. -->
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### Results
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#### Summary
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## Model Examination [optional]
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<!-- Relevant interpretability work for the model goes here -->
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## Environmental Impact
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<!-- Total emissions (in grams of CO2eq) and additional considerations, such as electricity usage, go here. Edit the suggested text below accordingly -->
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Carbon emissions can be estimated using the [Machine Learning Impact calculator](https://mlco2.github.io/impact#compute) presented in [Lacoste et al. (2019)](https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.09700).
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## Technical Specifications [optional]
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### Model Architecture and Objective
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![image/png](https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/6579e0eaa9e58aec614e9d97/sdIwTRlHNwPzyBNwHja60.png)
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#### Hardware
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## Citation [optional]
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<!-- If there is a paper or blog post introducing the model, the APA and Bibtex information for that should go in this section. -->
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```
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## Glossary [optional]
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<!-- If relevant, include terms and calculations in this section that can help readers understand the model or model card. -->
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## More Information [optional]
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## Model Card Authors [optional]
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[Sangbum Choi](https://huggingface.co/danelcsb)
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## Model Card Contact
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# Model Card for RT-DETR
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## Table of Contents
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1. [Model Details](#model-details)
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2. [Model Sources](#model-sources)
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3. [How to Get Started with the Model](#how-to-get-started-with-the-model)
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4. [Training Details](#training-details)
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5. [Evaluation](#evaluation)
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6. [Model Architecture and Objective](#model-architecture-and-objective)
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7. [Citation](#citation)
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## Model Details
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![image/png](https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/6579e0eaa9e58aec614e9d97/WULSDLsCVs7RNEs9KB0Lr.png)
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> The YOLO series has become the most popular framework for real-time object detection due to its reasonable trade-off between speed and accuracy.
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However, we observe that the speed and accuracy of YOLOs are negatively affected by the NMS.
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Recently, end-to-end Transformer-based detectors (DETRs) have provided an alternative to eliminating NMS.
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Nevertheless, the high computational cost limits their practicality and hinders them from fully exploiting the advantage of excluding NMS.
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Furthermore, RT-DETR-R50 outperforms DINO-R50 by 2.2% AP in accuracy and about 21 times in FPS.
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After pre-training with Objects365, RT-DETR-R50 / R101 achieves 55.3% / 56.2% AP. The project page: this [https URL](https://zhao-yian.github.io/RTDETR/).
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This is the model card of a 🤗 [transformers](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/index) model that has been pushed on the Hub.
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- **Developed by:** Yian Zhao and Sangbum Choi
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- **Funded by:** National Key R&D Program of China (No.2022ZD0118201), Natural Science Foundation of China (No.61972217, 32071459, 62176249, 62006133, 62271465),
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and the Shenzhen Medical Research Funds in China (No.
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B2302037).
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- **Shared by:** Sangbum Choi
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- **Model type:** [RT-DETR](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/en/model_doc/rt_detr)
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- **License:** Apache-2.0
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### Model Sources
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<!-- Provide the basic links for the model. -->
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- **HF Docs:** [RT-DETR](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/en/model_doc/rt_detr)
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- **Repository:** https://github.com/lyuwenyu/RT-DETR
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- **Paper:** https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.08069
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- **Demo:** [RT-DETR Tracking](https://huggingface.co/spaces/merve/RT-DETR-tracking-coco)
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## How to Get Started with the Model
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Use the code below to get started with the model.
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```python
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import torch
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import requests
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<!-- This relates heavily to the Technical Specifications. Content here should link to that section when it is relevant to the training procedure. -->
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We conduct experiments on COCO and Objects365 datasets, where RT-DETR is trained on COCO train2017 and validated on COCO val2017 dataset.
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We report the standard COCO metrics, including AP (averaged over uniformly sampled IoU thresholds ranging from 0.50-0.95 with a step size of 0.05),
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AP50, AP75, as well as AP at different scales: APS, APM, APL.
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### Preprocessing
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Images are resized to 640x640 pixels and rescaled with `image_mean=[0.485, 0.456, 0.406]` and `image_std=[0.229, 0.224, 0.225]`.
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### Training Hyperparameters
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- **Training regime:** <!--fp32, fp16 mixed precision, bf16 mixed precision, bf16 non-mixed precision, fp16 non-mixed precision, fp8 mixed precision -->
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![image/png](https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/6579e0eaa9e58aec614e9d97/E15I9MwZCtwNIms-W8Ra9.png)
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## Evaluation
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| Model | #Epochs | #Params (M) | GFLOPs | FPS_bs=1 | AP (val) | AP50 (val) | AP75 (val) | AP-s (val) | AP-m (val) | AP-l (val) |
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|----------------------------|---------|-------------|--------|----------|--------|-----------|-----------|----------|----------|----------|
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| RT-DETR-R18 | 72 | 20 | 60.7 | 217 | 46.5 | 63.8 | 50.4 | 28.4 | 49.8 | 63.0 |
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| RT-DETR-R34 | 72 | 31 | 91.0 | 172 | 48.5 | 66.2 | 52.3 | 30.2 | 51.9 | 66.2 |
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| RT-DETR R50 | 72 | 42 | 136 | 108 | 53.1 | 71.3 | 57.7 | 34.8 | 58.0 | 70.0 |
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| RT-DETR R101| 72 | 76 | 259 | 74 | 54.3 | 72.7 | 58.6 | 36.0 | 58.8 | 72.1 |
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| RT-DETR-R18 (Objects 365 pretrained) | 60 | 20 | 61 | 217 | 49.2 | 66.6 | 53.5 | 33.2 | 52.3 | 64.8 |
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| RT-DETR-R50 (Objects 365 pretrained) | 24 | 42 | 136 | 108 | 55.3 | 73.4 | 60.1 | 37.9 | 59.9 | 71.8 |
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| RT-DETR-R101 (Objects 365 pretrained) | 24 | 76 | 259 | 74 | 56.2 | 74.6 | 61.3 | 38.3 | 60.5 | 73.5 |
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### Model Architecture and Objective
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![image/png](https://cdn-uploads.huggingface.co/production/uploads/6579e0eaa9e58aec614e9d97/sdIwTRlHNwPzyBNwHja60.png)
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Overview of RT-DETR. We feed the features from the last three stages of the backbone into the encoder. The efficient hybrid
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encoder transforms multi-scale features into a sequence of image features through the Attention-based Intra-scale Feature Interaction (AIFI)
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and the CNN-based Cross-scale Feature Fusion (CCFF). Then, the uncertainty-minimal query selection selects a fixed number of encoder
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features to serve as initial object queries for the decoder. Finally, the decoder with auxiliary prediction heads iteratively optimizes object
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queries to generate categories and boxes.
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## Citation
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<!-- If there is a paper or blog post introducing the model, the APA and Bibtex information for that should go in this section. -->
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}
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```
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## Model Card Authors
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[Sangbum Choi](https://huggingface.co/danelcsb)
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[Pavel Iakubovskii](https://huggingface.co/qubvel-hf)
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