[ { "question": "1. Trypan osoma : ", "options": [ "A. este un gen care include specii libere \u0219i parazite ", "B. paraziteaz\u0103 intestinul animalelor ", "C. parazit eaz\u0103 s\u00e2ngele oamenilor ", "D. este un zooflagelat colonial " ], "right_answer": "C", "type": "single-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "2. Organismele au \u00een corpul lor un procent variabil de ap\u0103 : ", "options": [ "A. meduzele \u2013 peste 90% ", "B. semin\u021bele uscate \u2013 sub 2 % ", "C. algele \u2013 sub 90% ", "D. omul \u2013 peste 80% " ], "right_answer": "A", "type": "single-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "3. Thomas Hunt Morgan a elaborat teoria cromozomial\u0103 a eredit\u0103\u021bii \u00een secolul : ", "options": [ "A. XVII ", "B. XVIII ", "C. XIX ", "D. XX " ], "right_answer": "D", "type": "single-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "4. Etapele de distrugere a unei bacterii de c\u0103 tre un bacteriofag sunt, \u00een ordine, urm\u0103toarele : ", "options": [ "A. inoculare, ata\u0219are, multiplicare, eliberare, asamblare ", "B. ata\u0219are, inoculare, multiplicare, eliberare, asamblare ", "C. ata\u0219are, inoculare, multiplicare, asamblare, eliberare ", "D. inoculare, asamblare, multiplicare, eliberare, ata\u0219are " ], "right_answer": "C", "type": "single-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "5. Ciclul de dezvoltare al organismelor : ", "options": [ "A. cuprinde dou\u0103 faze care alterneaz\u0103 obligatoriu doar la organismele inferioare ", "B. include la animale o haplofaz\u0103 dominant\u0103 \u0219i o diplofaz\u0103 redus\u0103 ", "C. se caracterizeaz \u0103 la spermatofitele evoluate prin reducerea gametofitul ui ", "D. include diplofaza , care este genera\u021bia produc\u0103toare de game\u021bi " ], "right_answer": "C", "type": "single-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "6. Caracteristicile indivizilor cu sindrom Turner sunt: ", "options": [ "A. talie redus\u0103, fa\u021b\u0103 b\u0103tr\u00e2nicioas\u0103, atrofie testicular\u0103 ", "B. talie redus\u0103, g\u00e2t scurt, anomalii scheletice ", "C. compor tament agresiv, azoospermie, anomalii scheletice ", "D. malforma\u021bii cardiace, \u00eenapoiere mintal\u0103, ginecomastie " ], "right_answer": "B", "type": "single-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "7. Pepenii f\u0103r\u0103 semin\u021be sunt rez ultatul unei muta\u021bii: ", "options": [ "A. genomice ", "B. cromozomiale ", "C. genice ", "D. punctiforme " ], "right_answer": "A", "type": "single-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "8. La genul Cycas : ", "options": [ "A. talul are o organizare tridimensional\u0103 \u0219i se nume\u0219te cormoid ", "B. zigotul are un nucleu cu dimensiunea \u00eentre 0,5 \u2013 1 mm ", "C. num\u0103rul cloroplastelor este de una per celul\u0103 ", "D. produ\u0219ii de asimila\u021bie sunt manitolul \u0219i laminarina " ], "right_answer": "B", "type": "single-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "9. Biogeneza microtubulilor are loc la nivelul : ", "options": [ "A. nucleol ului ", "B. dictiozom ilor ", "C. R.E.R. -ului ", "D. centrozom ului " ], "right_answer": "D", "type": "single-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "10. Pseudopodele: ", "options": [ "A. se formeaz\u0103 cu participarea unor elemente citoscheletale ", "B. particip\u0103 la transportul transmembranar specific procariotelor ", "C. sunt foarte fine \u0219i dispuse radiar la Chrysophyta ", "D. particip \u0103 la pro cesul de fagocitoz\u0103 realizat de globulele ro\u0219ii " ], "right_answer": "A", "type": "single-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "11. Citokineza : ", "options": [ "A. se desf\u0103\u0219oar\u0103 \u00een paralel cu procesele anafazice controlate genetic ", "B. implic\u0103 formarea de noi pere\u021bi nucleari \u00een jurul cromatidelor ", "C. se desf\u0103\u0219oar\u0103 diferit \u00een celulele vegetale fa\u021b\u0103 de cele animale ", "D. const\u0103 \u00een dezorganizarea \u00eenveli\u0219ului nuclear \u00een prometafaz\u0103 " ], "right_answer": "C", "type": "single-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "12. Transduc\u0163ia: ", "options": [ "A. reprezint\u0103 exprimarea de c\u0103tre profag a unei p\u0103r\u0163i din propriul genom ", "B. reprezint\u0103 integrarea ADN -ului viral \u00een genomul celulei gazd\u0103 ", "C. este un fenomen de transfer de material genetic realizat de profag ", "D. este un proces de fuziune in vitro a celulelor somatice de la specii diferite " ], "right_answer": "C", "type": "single-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "13. Hemoglobina persoanelor bolnave de anemie falciform\u0103: ", "options": [ "A. prezint\u0103 acid glutamic \u00een pozi\u0163ia 5 a catenei polipeptidice \u03b2 ", "B. prezint\u0103 valin\u0103 \u00een pozi\u0163ia 5 a catenei polipeptidice \uf061 ", "C. prezint\u0103 valin\u0103 \u00een pozi\u0163ia 6 a catenei p olipeptidice \u03b2 ", "D. prezint\u0103 prolin\u0103 \u00een pozi\u021bia 6 a catenei polipeptidice \uf061 " ], "right_answer": "C", "type": "single-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "14. Muta\u021bia unor gene care codific\u0103 enzime implicate \u00een metabolismul bazelor azotate determin\u0103: ", "options": [ "A. dismorfism facial ", "B. microcefalie ", "C. dureri articulare ", "D. distrofie muscular\u0103 " ], "right_answer": "C", "type": "single-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "15. Selecta\u0163i asocierea corect\u0103 \u00eentre bacteria patogen\u0103 \u015fi boala pe care o produce: ", "options": [ "A. Plasmodium malariae \u2013 malaria ", "B. Rhizobium leguminosarum \u2013 r\u00e2ia neagr\u0103 a cartofului ", "C. Naegleria fowleri \u2013 meningoencefalita ", "D. Clostridium botulinum \u2013 botulism " ], "right_answer": "D", "type": "single-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "16. Oomicetele: ", "options": [ "A. formeaz\u0103 plasmodii la floarea -t\u0103b\u0103carilor ", "B. au hife filiforme cu perete celular celulozic ", "C. se pot hr\u0103ni autotrof prin chemosintez\u0103 ", "D. \u00een condi\u021bii favorabile se \u00eenmul\u021besc prin conjugare " ], "right_answer": "B", "type": "single-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "17. La celula procariot\u0103: ", "options": [ "A. citoplasma pre zint\u0103 citoschelet proteinic \u0219i este lipsit\u0103 de curen\u021bi citoplasmatici ", "B. nucleoidul este reprezentat de ADN circular complexat cu proteine histonice ", "C. peretele celular are \u00een compozi\u021bia chimic\u0103 acid diaminopimelic ", "D. ribozomii sunt mai mari dec\u00e2t la celul a eucariot\u0103, dar au acela\u0219i rol " ], "right_answer": "C", "type": "single-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "18. \u00cen mitocondrie are loc: ", "options": [ "A. scindarea moleculelor de ap\u0103 utiliz\u00e2nd energia luminoas\u0103 ", "B. degradarea enzimatic\u0103 a acidului piruvic p\u00e2n\u0103 la CO 2 \u0219i H 2O ", "C. utilizarea ATP pentru reducerea CO 2 \u0219i formarea glucozei ", "D. formarea acidului adenozin -difosforic prin fosforilarea acidului adenozin -trifosforic " ], "right_answer": "B", "type": "single-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "19. Cianobacteriile: ", "options": [ "A. prin fotosintez\u0103 formeaz\u0103 un tip de amidon care nu se coloreaz\u0103 cu iod ", "B. prezint\u0103 flageli \u0219i numero\u0219i cili cu care se deplaseaz\u0103 \u00een mediul de via\u021b\u0103 ", "C. prezint\u0103 nutri\u021bie pr edominant mixotrof\u0103, dar \u0219i autotrof\u0103 prin fotosintez\u0103 ", "D. posed\u0103 o teac\u0103 dur\u0103 care protejeaz\u0103 peretele celular " ], "right_answer": "A", "type": "single-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "20. Metoda vectorului vi ral, comparativ cu metoda plasmidului : ", "options": [ "A. este cea mai veche metod\u0103 utilizat\u0103 \u00een ingineria genetic\u0103 ", "B. presupune eliminarea por\u021biunilor patogene ale virusului ", "C. inser\u0103 gene direct \u00een genomul unei celule, cu ajutorul curentului electric ", "D. este o tehnic\u0103 ce nu poate fi utilizat\u0103 pentru tratarea unor maladii genetice " ], "right_answer": "B", "type": "single-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "21. Hibrizii celulari asimetrici: ", "options": [ "A. sunt specifici plantelor, deoarece presupun utilizarea protopla\u0219tilor ", "B. se ob\u021bin cu ajutorul tehnicii ADN-ului recombina nt ", "C. rezult\u0103 prin eliminarea preferen\u021bial\u0103 a cromozomilor uneia dintre speciile genitoare ", "D. sunt utiliza\u021bi pentru izolarea cromozomilor \u0219i alc\u0103tuirea cariotipului " ], "right_answer": "C", "type": "single-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "22. Aparatul Golgi: ", "options": [ "A. este conect at la membrana nuclear \u0103 ", "B. este comun procariotelor \u0219i eucariotelor ", "C. este delimitat de un perete dublu ", "D. este locul \u00een care se sintetizeaz\u0103 polizaharide " ], "right_answer": "D", "type": "single-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "23. Lipidele din organismele vii sunt: ", "options": [ "A. simple \u00een substan\u021ba matriceal\u0103 a membranelor biologice ", "B. fosfoaminolipide cu rol energetic \u00een celul a animal\u0103 ", "C. fosfolipide \u00een constituirea receptorilor de membran\u0103 ", "D. asociate \u00een structura unor enzime cu glucide \u0219i proteine " ], "right_answer": "D", "type": "single-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "24. Sunt structuri caracteristice miofibrilelor: ", "options": [ "A. discuri clare care prezint\u0103 la mijloc banda \u00eentunecat\u0103 H ", "B. miofilamente groase de actin\u0103 \u0219i sub\u021biri de miozin\u0103 ", "C. sarcomere situat e \u00eentre dou\u0103 membrane Z succe sive ", "D. 9 perechi de microtubuli coordona\u021bi de blefaroplast " ], "right_answer": "C", "type": "single-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "25. Dele\u021bia par\u021bial\u0103 a bra\u021bului scurt al cromozomului 4: ", "options": [ "A. este o anomalie heterozomal\u0103 ", "B. are o frecven\u021b\u0103 dubl\u0103 la fete fa\u021b\u0103 de b\u0103ie\u021bi ", "C. nu afecteaza durata de viata ", "D. este caracterizat\u0103 printr -un \u021bip\u0103t caracteristic " ], "right_answer": "B", "type": "single-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "26. Mitocondriile, spre deosebire de cloroplaste : ", "options": [ "A. prezint\u0103 oxizomi pe membrana intern\u0103 ", "B. asigur\u0103 ereditatea extranuclear\u0103 ", "C. con\u021bin ADN, ARN, ribozomi, enzime ", "D. nu se formeaz\u0103 niciodat\u0103 \u201e de novo\u201d " ], "right_answer": "A", "type": "single-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "27. Membrana celular\u0103 la procariote: ", "options": [ "A. formeaz\u0103 vezicule de exocitoz\u0103 ", "B. catabolizeaz\u0103 un num\u0103r mare de substan\u021be ", "C. formeaz\u0103 invagin\u0103ri cu rol respirator ", "D. este constituit\u0103 din polizaharide \u0219i polipeptide " ], "right_answer": "C", "type": "single-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "28. \u00cen constitu\u021bia organismelor vii : ", "options": [ "A. actina \u015fi timina sunt baze azotate ", "B. trigliceridele \u015fi chitina sunt lipide ", "C. miozina \u015fi cheratina sunt glucide ", "D. clorofila \u015fi anticorpii sunt proteine " ], "right_answer": "D", "type": "single-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "29. Bardoul \u0219i cat\u00e2rul: ", "options": [ "A. au acela\u0219i num\u0103r de cromozomi cu genitorul matern ", "B. au ca genitor i patern i Equs caballus , \u0219i Equs mulus ", "C. au aceea\u0219i ereditate extranuclear\u0103 , deoarece au acela\u0219i num\u0103r de cromozomi ", "D. sunt hibrizi reciproci , care manifest\u0103 sterilitate " ], "right_answer": "D", "type": "single-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "30. Urm\u0103toarele caractere ereditare normale se transmit exclusiv dominant: ", "options": [ "A. prognatismul, forma \u00eengust\u0103 a nasului ", "B. p\u0103rul c\u00e2rlion\u021bat, lobul liber al urechii ", "C. forma lat\u0103 a nasului, lobul ata\u0219at al urechii ", "D. p\u0103rul drept, strung\u0103rea\u021ba " ], "right_answer": "B", "type": "single-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "31. Victor Babe\u0219 a contribuit la dezvoltarea \u0219tiin\u021belor medicale mondiale deoarece : ", "options": [ "1. a elaborat primul tratat de virusologie din lume ", "2. a descoperit peste 50 de agen\u021bi patogeni ", "3. a descoperit tratamentul \u00eem potriva malariei ", "4. a ini\u021biat seroterapia modern\u0103 " ], "right_answer": "C", "type": "multiple-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "32. Citosolul con\u021bine : ", "options": [ "1. fibre proteice , care formeaz\u0103 citoscheletul ", "2. macromolecule , care formeaz\u0103 solu\u021bii coloidale ", "3. microtubuli, microfilamente \u0219i fibre intermediare ", "4. 1% ap\u0103, substan\u021be organice \u0219i anorganice " ], "right_answer": "A", "type": "multiple-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "33. Istoria ingineriei genetice include numeroase descoperiri, cum sunt: ", "options": [ "1. 1967 \u2013 descoperirea structurii macromoleculei de ADN ", "2. 1978 \u2013 na\u0219terea primului copil prin fertilizare in vitro ", "3. 1979 \u2013 ob\u021binerea unei plante pornind de la un protoplast ", "4. 1983 \u2013 ob\u021binerea primelor ,,himere\u201d interspecifice " ], "right_answer": "C", "type": "multiple-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "34. Trecerea coloizilor de la starea de sol la cea de gel depinde de: ", "options": [ "1. cantitatea de ap\u0103 din celul\u0103 ", "2. temperatur\u0103 ", "3. v\u00e2rsta celulei 5 ", " 4. prezen\u021ba O 2 " ], "right_answer": "A", "type": "multiple-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "35. Sunt corecte urm\u0103toarele asocieri \u00eentre fenotip \u015fi genotip la unele ras e de iepuri: ", "options": [ "1. blan\u0103 de culoare cenu\u015fie \u2013 CC; Ccch; Cch; Cc ", "2. blan\u0103 de culoare gri bej - cchcch; chch; cchch ", "3. blan\u0103 complet alb\u0103 (iepure albinos) \u2013 cc ", "4. blan\u0103 alb cu negru (iepure alb himalaian) \u2013 chc; cchc " ], "right_answer": "B", "type": "multiple-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "36. Prezint\u0103 sex b\u0103rb\u0103tesc homogametic: ", "options": [ "1. c\u00e2nepa de var\u0103 ", "2. amfibienii ", "3. albina ", "4. p\u0103s\u0103rile " ], "right_answer": "C", "type": "multiple-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "37. Sunt afirma\u0163ii adev\u0103rate referitoare la constituen\u0163ii specifici ai neuronului: ", "options": [ "1. neurofibrilele sunt formate din reticul endoplasmatic rugos ", "2. corpusculii Nissl sunt \u00eent\u00e2lni\u0163i \u00een corpul celular, axon \u015fi dendrite ", "3. miofibrilele sunt a lc\u0103tuite din miofilamente de actin\u0103 \u015fi miozin\u0103 ", "4. num\u0103rul corpilor tigroizi variaz\u0103 numeric, \u00een func\u0163ie de starea fiziologic\u0103 a celulei " ], "right_answer": "D", "type": "multiple-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "38. Sunt determinate de gene extranucleare : ", "options": [ "1. neuropatia optic\u0103 Leber ", "2. enzime implicate \u00een fotosintez\u0103 ", "3. androsterilitatea la plante ", "4. direc\u0163ia de r\u0103sucire a cochiliei la Limnaea " ], "right_answer": "E", "type": "multiple-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "39. La Zea mays: ", "options": [ "1. determinismul sexelor este cromozomal cu heterozomi multipli ", "2. planta are sexe separate determinate genic ", "3. exist\u0103 plante femele de tip XX \u015fi plante mascule de tip XY ", "4. apare fenomenul de inversare a sexului sub ac\u0163iunea unor virusuri " ], "right_answer": "C", "type": "multiple-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "40. Sunt tehnici specifice ingineriei genetice: ", "options": [ "1. terapia genic\u0103 ", "2. hibridarea somatic\u0103 ", "3. transferul interspecific ", "4. conversia genic\u0103 " ], "right_answer": "A", "type": "multiple-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "41. Selecta\u0163i speciile de fungi care fac parte din grupa Bazidiomicete: ", "options": [ "1. Cantharellus cibarius ", "2. Tilletia tritici ", "3. Pleurotus ostreatus ", "4. Monilia fructigena " ], "right_answer": "A", "type": "multiple-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "42. Sunt caractere de superioritate ale ciliatelor \u00een raport cu alte protozoare: ", "options": [ "1. ingerarea hranei prin citostom \u015fi citofaringe ", "2. formarea de chisturi \u00ee n condi\u0163ii de mediu neprielnice ", "3. func\u0163ionarea alternativ\u0103 a celor dou\u0103 vacuole contractile ", "4. hr\u0103nirea autotrof\u0103 la lumin\u0103 \u015fi heterotrof\u0103 la \u00eentuneric " ], "right_answer": "B", "type": "multiple-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "43. Sunt func\u021bii al e vacuolelor: ", "options": [ "1. depozitarea substan\u021belor de rezerv\u0103 ", "2. asigurarea constan\u021bei pH -ului celular ", "3. men\u021binerea turgescen\u021bei celulei ", "4. participarea la procesul de absorb\u021bie a apei " ], "right_answer": "E", "type": "multiple-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "44. Plastidele, spre deosebire de mitocondrii: ", "options": [ "1. se multiplic\u0103 prin diviziune ", "2. sunt specializate func\u021bional ", "3. se g\u0103sesc \u00een celulele tuturor organismelor oxibionte ", "4. pot transforma energia solar\u0103 \u00een energie chimic\u0103 " ], "right_answer": "C", "type": "multiple-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "45. Enun\u021burile corecte cu privire la interac\u021biunea ereditate \u2013 mediu, sunt: ", "options": [ "1. capacitatea organismelor de a r\u0103spunde la condi\u021biile de mediu este ereditar\u0103, \u00een limite impuse de genotipul lor ", "2. la musculi\u021ba de o\u021bet umiditatea determin\u0103 apari\u021bia indivizilor cu benzi negre pe abdomen ", "3. muta\u021biile genice pot conduce la cre\u0219terea heterozigo\u021biei, a fondului de gene a popula\u021biei \u0219i implicit a variabilit\u0103\u021bii acesteia. ", "4. muta\u021biile sunt modif ic\u0103ri programate ale materialului genetic, rezultate \u00een urma recombin\u0103rilor genetice. " ], "right_answer": "B", "type": "multiple-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "46. Galactozemia se c aracterizeaz\u0103 prin: ", "options": [ "1. blocarea sintezei unei catene din molecula hemoglobinei ", "2. transformarea galactozei \u00een glucoz\u0103 ", "3. \u00eenlocuirea acidului glutamic cu valina ", "4. inhibarea metabolismului hidrocarburilor " ], "right_answer": "D", "type": "multiple-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "47. Alege\u021bi asocierea corect\u0103 \u00eentre specie \u0219i num\u0103rul de cromozomi corespunz\u0103tor: ", "options": [ "1. ceap\u0103 \u2013 16 ", "2. c\u00e2ine \u2013 78 ", "3. cartof \u2013 48 ", "4. oaie \u2013 20 " ], "right_answer": "A", "type": "multiple-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "48. Peretele celular are urmatoarele caracteristici : ", "options": [ "1. la tulpinile lemnoase, pe fa\u021ba lui extern\u0103 , prin ad\u0103ugarea unor produs e secundare ale metabolismului celular, apare peretele secundar ", "2. la plante, el este alc\u0103tuit din molecule de glucoz\u0103 \u00eenglobate \u00eentr -o matrice de pectin\u0103 \u0219i hemiceluloz\u0103 ", "3. este impermeabil pentru ap\u0103, dar permeabil pentru majoritatea substan\u021belor solubile \u00een ap\u0103 ", "4. celuloza \u00eei asigur\u0103 elasticitate, iar pectina \u0219i hemiceluloza \u00eei asigur\u0103 plasticitate. " ], "right_answer": "D", "type": "multiple-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "49. Alege\u021bi asocierile corecte dintre speciile prezentate \u0219i clasele din care fac parte acestea : ", "options": [ "1. Rhyzomucor parasiticus \u2013 Ascomicete ", "2. Ustilago maydis \u2013 Bazidiomicete ", "3. Morchella esculenta \u2013 Zigomicete ", "4. Cantharellus cibarius \u2013 Bazidiomicete " ], "right_answer": "C", "type": "multiple-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "50. Celulele vegetale mature , comparativ cu cele tinere, prezint\u0103 urm\u0103toarele caracteristici: ", "options": [ "1. raportul volumului nucleu/citoplasm\u0103 este mult diferit ", "2. pozi\u021bia nucleului este de regul\u0103 central\u0103 ", "3. con\u021bin numeroase materii de rezerv\u0103 ", "4. dimensiunile sunt mai mici " ], "right_answer": "B", "type": "multiple-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "51. Sunt considerate abateri aparente sau reale de la legile mendeliene ale eredit\u0103\u021bii: ", "options": [ "1. dominan\u021ba complet\u0103 - la Pisum ", "2. supradominan\u021ba \u2013 la hibrizi heterozigo\u021bi ", "3. codominan\u021ba - la Mirabilis jalapa ", "4. polialelia - la om " ], "right_answer": "C", "type": "multiple-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "52. Nucleolul, spre deosebire de ribozomi: ", "options": [ "1. nu este delimitat de un \u00eenveli\u0219 membranar ", "2. se dezorganizeaz\u0103 la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul profazei ", "3. con\u021bine ribonucleoproteine ", "4. este \u00een contact direct cu carioplasma " ], "right_answer": "C", "type": "multiple-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "", "options": [ "1. cristele mitocond riale ", "2. aparatul genetic plastidial ", "3. membranele tilacoidale ", "4. lizozomii cu hidrolaze " ], "right_answer": "B", "type": "multiple-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "54. Este adenovirus : ", "options": [ "1. virusul ebola ", "2. bacteriogagul T4 ", "3. virusul rabiei ", "4. virusul herpetic " ], "right_answer": "C", "type": "multiple-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "55. Poliploizii se caracterizeaz\u0103 prin : ", "options": [ "1. apar spontan la plantele din regiunile polare ", "2. formele triploide manifest\u0103 sterilitate ", "3. diploidizarea hibrizilor sterili poate induce f ertilitate ", "4. sunt mai mici dec\u00e2t formele diploide ale aceleia\u0219i specii " ], "right_answer": "A", "type": "multiple-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "56. Nucleoplasma con\u021bine : ", "options": [ "1. proteine fibrilare care me n\u021bin forma nucleului ", "2. ioni, proteine, nucleotide ", "3. o solu\u021bie coloidal\u0103 cu aspect omogen ", "4. ribozomi implica\u021bi \u00een sinteza proteinelor " ], "right_answer": "A", "type": "multiple-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "57. Proteine le prezente \u00een membrana celular\u0103 au urm\u0103toarele func\u021bii : ", "options": [ "1. enzimele \u2013 transmit semnale spre interiorul celulei ", "2. receptorii \u2013 formeaz\u0103 leg\u0103turi de hidrogen cu apa ", "3. canalele \u2013 reduc fluiditatea prin membran\u0103 ", "4. markeri i \u2013 recunosc celule de acela\u0219i tip " ], "right_answer": "D", "type": "multiple-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "58. Sunt adev\u0103rate urm\u0103toarele enun\u021buri referitoare la enzimele din lizozomi: ", "options": [ "1. se stocheaz\u0103 \u00een stare inactiv\u0103 ", "2. prin eliberare se activeaz\u0103 ", "3. pot liza unele organite uzate ", "4. au rol \u00een autofagie \u0219i heterofagie " ], "right_answer": "E", "type": "multiple-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "59. Sunt caracteristic i ale peretelui celular: ", "options": [ "1. se formeaz\u0103 imediat dup\u0103 diviziune \u0219i este elastic ", "2. lamela mijlocie este format\u0103 \u00een special din celuloz\u0103 ", "3. prezint\u0103 punctu a\u021biuni traversate de plasmodesme ", "4. men\u021bine forma celulei fiind definit ca endoschelet " ], "right_answer": "B", "type": "multiple-choice", "description": "" }, { "question": "60. Alege\u021bi varianta/variantele corecte referitoare la acizii nucleici : ", "options": [ "1. T. H. Morgan a demonstrat c\u0103 ADN -ul are o structur\u0103 bicatenar\u0103 ", "2. cantitatea de ADN se dubleaz\u0103 \u00een interfaz\u0103 prin transcrip\u021bie ", "3. informa\u021bia genetic\u0103 este copiat\u0103 \u00eentr -o anumit\u0103 succesiune a aminoacizilor ", "4. cu ajutorul anticodonului, ARNt recunoa\u0219te codonul specific aminoacidului din ARNm " ], "right_answer": "D", "type": "multiple-choice", "description": "" } ]