Information_extraction/task1_participant_extraction.json

{
    "Contributors": [
        "Pegah Alipoormolabashi"
    ],
    "Source": [
        "pico"
    ],
    "URL": [
        "https://github.com/Markus-Zlabinger/pico-annotation"
    ],
    "Categories": [
        "Information Extraction"
    ],
    "Reasoning": [],
    "Definition": [
        "In medical studies, treatments are tested within a group of study participants. You will be given a sentence of a study report in which your task is to list the phrases that give information about the participants of the study. You should list the phrases in the same order that they appear in the text, separated by commas. If no information about the participants is mentioned, just output \"not found\". Relevant information about participants include: gender, medical conditions, location, number of people participating. Do not contain participant mentions without relevant information."
    ],
    "Input_language": [
        "English"
    ],
    "Output_language": [
        "English"
    ],
    "Instruction_language": [
        "English"
    ],
    "Domains": [
        "Academical Papers",
        "Clinical Trials and Controlled Trials"
    ],
    "Positive Examples": [
        {
            "input": "A PPARA Polymorphism Influences the Cardiovascular Benefit of Fenofibrate in Type 2 Diabetes: Findings From ACCORD Lipid. ",
            "output": "Type 2 Diabetes",
            "explanation": "The only piece of text relevant to participants is \"Type 2 Diabetes\" which is a medical condition."
        },
        {
            "input": "A total of 270 patients with MCI were enrolled in a 24-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.",
            "output": "270 patients with MCI",
            "explanation": "In this example, both the number of participants and their medical condition is mentioned."
        }
    ],
    "Negative Examples": [
        {
            "input": "A total of 270 patients with MCI were enrolled in a 24-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.",
            "output": "270 patients with MCI, 24-week",
            "explanation": "The duration of the study is not relevant to the participants and shouldn't be included."
        },
        {
            "input": " To investigate the role of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate 4 (NADPH4,NOX4) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-\u03b2) involve in pathogenesis of airway remodeling in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).",
            "output": "COPD",
            "explanation": "The complete name of the disease (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) should be included."
        }
    ],
    "Instances": [
        {
            "id": "task179-bf49dbf887b640009915afb129c0f695",
            "input": "Under Fluoxetine , mPFC activation was up-regulated and normalized in ASD boys relative to controls , but down-regulated in ADHD boys relative to placebo , which was concomitant with worse task performance in ADHD .",
            "output": [
                "ASD boys, ADHD boys"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-35a05d694d9946faa08e9c5b191e2f94",
            "input": "We conclude that granisetron is a better anti-emetic than perphenazine for the long-term prevention of post-operative vomiting in children undergoing general anaesthesia for tonsillectomy .",
            "output": [
                "children undergoing general anaesthesia for tonsillectomy"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-3718eea27d6741cd8f6a3bb94d83fb04",
            "input": "One case of unsubstantiated acute rheumatic fever occurred after 7 days of amoxicillin .",
            "output": [
                "not found"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-fcf448b8dbba44f8aad1d13e6386b29b",
            "input": "Costs/QALY gained discounted at 3 % were $ 205,186 using the QWB and $ 32,643 using the CHRD .",
            "output": [
                "not found"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-696254fa5c074cd584e90ae9ff75cdfd",
            "input": "Calcium solubility and absorption across Caco-2 cells were studied after the in vitro digestion of the diets .",
            "output": [
                "not found"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-9baddb311e6b4a02a72715fa025ec144",
            "input": "Influence of diets rich in Maillard reaction products on calcium bioavailability .",
            "output": [
                "not found"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-0d40536a321943789c31e41985c3e9bf",
            "input": "Prior adjuvant chemotherapy was permitted .",
            "output": [
                "not found"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-d064ad23500949eda605b7754c44b2e6",
            "input": "Depressive patients are able to follow prescribed lifestyle recommendations in the short-term .",
            "output": [
                "not found"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-6834f4e07f0d4af294ca29f9c12b1f44",
            "input": "The influence of injections of Amidotrizoate and Iopromide into the left coronary artery on global myocardial perfusion and function ( pressures in the left ventricle , heart rate ) as well as excitation formation and transmission was studied in 16 patients with ischaemic heart disease .",
            "output": [
                "16 patients with ischaemic heart disease"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-7eb920c6b3864eb88ef8b9e74696ab46",
            "input": "These 22 patients constituted the control group of a controlled trial and received standard outpatient clinic treatment during follow-up .",
            "output": [
                "22 patients"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-48f17a1f7a204cb09f35692e2a29a7fd",
            "input": "Patients could not have had prior chemotherapy for metastatic disease .",
            "output": [
                "not found"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-589d31b21098423ab45ba7cf0c87773a",
            "input": "Comparisons with the cyclophosphamide-doxorubicin-5-fluorouracil arm will not be addressed .",
            "output": [
                "not found"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-25e87d16f93b4d3b85e6f89f82b3df53",
            "input": "Children with parent-reported ASD had higher levels of health care office visits and prescription drug use compared with children without ASD ( P < .05 ) .",
            "output": [
                "children without ASD"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-939c393e042a4a3f8e01f73970c8a3a6",
            "input": "Short-term phasic activity was only found in 13 out of 40 of the normal infants ( 32.5 % ) .",
            "output": [
                "40 of the normal infants"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-52213a2b2e034ab4ab901f6a046c9da7",
            "input": "Group 1 received a weekly session of posterior tibial nerve stimulation for 12 weeks and group 2 was the placebo group .",
            "output": [
                "not found"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-48aced4b625940978be2b146c53acecf",
            "input": "Only deoxypyridinoline values were significantly lower after consumption of the BD ( 13.0 +/- 1.1 compared to 18.3 +/- 2.1 nM/Mm Cr in the WD ) , possibly indicative of less efficient bone turnover during this period .",
            "output": [
                "not found"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-f6baa8c89ec948209789c4d1586f42d0",
            "input": "The results suggest that the use of PMRT could enhance quality of life and decrease state anxiety in patients after stoma surgery .",
            "output": [
                "patients after stoma surgery"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-883e978e6b7145118dcbe55c95721b0b",
            "input": "Interventions were conducted 30 min daily for 5-6 weeks .",
            "output": [
                "not found"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-0f94638fd62441a489349ba3fca4204f",
            "input": "There were also no differences in manual muscle testing sum scores , activity scale scores and patients ' own assessments after 48 weeks of treatment .",
            "output": [
                "not found"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-37556951072c41b6b6c456cc03118985",
            "input": "However , transfusion rate , presence of hepatomegaly , splenomegaly , and jaundice was similar .",
            "output": [
                "not found"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-cd1e891d328b4375bc30df492cbe1206",
            "input": "Three hundred sixty-five patients were enrolled .",
            "output": [
                "not found"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-44ec843ccf9e40d19fe82b4e161c5e3a",
            "input": "If so , this would be a great support for doctors who might systematically recommend these simple and costless measures , especially in primary care .",
            "output": [
                "not found"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-9c1461f976dd4a4a9a8e781463537c9b",
            "input": "Relative to children in the wait-list group , program participants showed greater improvements in social skills over the course of the intervention , as indicated by parent-report measures .",
            "output": [
                "not found"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-9a3ff97c4c484c5f9386e98f6bbbe48b",
            "input": "Hence , we hypothesize that specific airway resistance changes ( \u0394sRAW ) should better characterize the acute response to bronchodilators .",
            "output": [
                "not found"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-c6951bf1a5a24b9eb074b1f2fa78c0bf",
            "input": "We investigated whether 13 participants with ASD ( age 7 ; 03-22 ; 03 ) and 13 age-matched typically developing ( TD ) controls could comprehend lexicalized conceptual metaphors ( e.g. , Susan is a warm person ) and novel ones ( e.g. , Susan is a toasty person ) .",
            "output": [
                "13 participants with ASD, 13 age-matched typically developing ( TD"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-b089accc025245bd83159f07931df61d",
            "input": "Randomized controlled study of chemoimmunotherapy with bestatin of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia in adults .",
            "output": [
                "acute nonlymphocytic leukemia in adults"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-8d4b758964634113b4936f00bb66711e",
            "input": "Forty-nine children with AS were recruited to participate and randomly assigned to intervention ( n = 26 ) or wait-list control ( n = 23 ) conditions .",
            "output": [
                "not found"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-6ab5c6f01bcc44169deb95557df33d33",
            "input": "Observed medication and weekend diary cards were used to monitor adherence .",
            "output": [
                "not found"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-83b138183afb411da40a9ff452ad56a9",
            "input": "Use of health care facilities was assessed from diaries/questionnaires and Medicare reimbursement rates used to estimate costs .",
            "output": [
                "not found"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-b29361fada3843eeaff238b640582ddb",
            "input": "In 78 children known to be infected with Ascaris at baseline , the rate of weight gain was 21 per cent greater in children treated with levamisole than in those receiving placebo ( p = .03 ) .",
            "output": [
                "78 children known to be infected with Ascaris"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-df2105dc2ea34d5781f8a90746052ae6",
            "input": "Overall , 13 patients ( 46.4 % ) had detrusor overactivity and 14 ( 50 % ) had decreased bladder capacity .",
            "output": [
                "not found"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-a1a624c2133249fa8aedfc9741283a67",
            "input": "In patients with neutrophil counts of > 0.1 x 10 ( 9 ) /L lasting for more than 4 weeks , the frequency of infection in the fluconazole group ( 5 of 9 patients ) was significantly higher than in the itraconazole group ( 0 of 7 patients ; P = .03 ) .",
            "output": [
                "not found"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-47c995de3c8a457e84fc6e8f6ce10f91",
            "input": "No significant differences , within and between groups , were observed in the exercise-induced increase in the ratios para- and ortho-hydroxyantipyrine to antipyrine .",
            "output": [
                "not found"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-3e0154d08378446cbd15f25bd49607fa",
            "input": "Age-matched boys with ADHD ( 15 ) , ASD ( 18 ) , and controls ( 21 ) were compared with functional magnetic resonance imaging ( fMRI ) during a reversal task .",
            "output": [
                "15 ) , ASD, 18 ) , and controls, 21"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-c206f3baf1c44b43a2201617b0b1bb0b",
            "input": "This 7-week program included a computer game , small group sessions , parent training sessions and teacher handouts .",
            "output": [
                "not found"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-08d53ca8191c43b2b17fe6ca04cd8349",
            "input": "The patients were randomised into a control group ( n = 10 ) and an experimental group ( n = 8 ) .",
            "output": [
                "not found"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-ba6209c1215d44dab55a184296623542",
            "input": "To consider the impact on primary care patient outcomes of using both a screener to determine elevated anxiety levels among patients with previously undetected anxiety and a physician intervention to inform physicians of their patients ' conditions .",
            "output": [
                "patients with previously undetected anxiety"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-fd09cf9efe3e4a0d8697a181d09e5a1a",
            "input": "A persistent phasic activity pattern was found in 19 of the 21 patients , high frequency phasic activity in 11 of the 21 patients .",
            "output": [
                "21 patients"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-895cc0bdc24640f38dfd1893b1f21fab",
            "input": "In a prospective , randomized , double-blind study , 90 paediatric patients , ASA I , aged 4-10 years , received granisetron 40 mg kg-1 or perphenazine 70 mg kg-1 ( n = 45 each ) intravenously immediately after an inhalation induction of anaesthesia .",
            "output": [
                "90 paediatric patients, ASA I , aged 4-10 years"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-dbb5eaf8c6344a96993cc7cd7af33ef8",
            "input": "After three weekly doses of epoetin alfa 40,000 U , a dose of 120,000 U can be administered safely once every 3 weeks without increasing transfusion needs or sacrificing QOL .",
            "output": [
                "not found"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-788778a502214fa08a4c6c7b50f0b220",
            "input": "However , to our knowledge , there have been no studies using all these measures together as an adjuvant antidepressant strategy .",
            "output": [
                "not found"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-3e5d819e6c274c539bb503af68283933",
            "input": "Accordingly , the current study examined within-person covariation between time-varying abstinence and depressive symptom in a multilevel model ( MLM ) , which allowed for transitions between smoking statuses within a participant .",
            "output": [
                "not found"
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "task179-7715c218357044049a1d3b38cedb5566",
            "input": "Internal stenting is an integral part of endopyelotomy .",
            "output": [
                "not found"
            ]
        }
    ],
    "Instance License": [
        "Unknown"
    ]
}