--- license: apache-2.0 viewer: false --- # GUI Grounding Pre-training Data for OS-ATLAS This document describes the acquisition of the pre-training data used by OS-ATLAS [OS-ATLAS: A Foundation Action Model for Generalist GUI Agents](https://huggingface.co/papers/2410.23218).
[\[🏠Homepage\]](https://osatlas.github.io) [\[💻Code\]](https://github.com/OS-Copilot/OS-Atlas) [\[🚀Quick Start\]](#quick-start) [\[📝Paper\]](https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.23218) [\[🤗Models\]](https://huggingface.co/collections/OS-Copilot/os-atlas-67246e44003a1dfcc5d0d045) [\[🤗ScreenSpot-v2\]](https://huggingface.co/datasets/OS-Copilot/ScreenSpot-v2)
![os-atlas](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/cf2ee020-5e15-4087-9a7e-75cc43662494) **Notes:** In GUI grounding data, the position of the target element is recorded in the `bbox` key, represented by `[left, top, right, bottom]`. Each value is a [0, 1] decimal number indicating the ratio of the corresponding position to the width or height of the image. The data stored in this dataset consists of raw data containing **only** element grounding information. When training a model, you need to use the corresponding prompts to wrap these data. The data we released is divided into three domains: mobile, desktop and web. All annotation data is stored in JSON format and each sample contains: * `img_filename`: the interface screenshot file * `instruction`: human instruction or referring expression extracted from ally tree or html * `bbox`: the bounding box of the target element corresponding to instruction Some data also contains a `data_type`, which records the type of an element in its structured information, if it can be obtained. *** ### Mobile data This part of data is stored under the *mobile_domain* directory. Our mobile grounding data consists of four parts. #### AMEX Android Multi-annotation EXpo (AMEX) is a comprehensive, large-scale dataset designed for generalist mobile GUI-control agents [1]. The annotation data is stored in -`amex_raw.json` Due to the single file size limitation of Hugging Face datasets, we stored the Amex images in *zip* format and split them into several sub-files. - `amex_images_part_aa` - `amex_images_part_ab` - `amex_images_part_ac` You need to first merge these split files back into the original file and then extract the contents. ``` cat amex_images_part_* > amex_images.zip 7z x amex_images.zip -aoa -o/path/to/extract/folder ``` #### UIBert UIBert [2] is a dataset extended from Rico dataset [3] for two tasks: similar UI component retrieval and referring expression component retrieval. The annotation data is stored in - `uibert_raw.json` The UIBert images are stored in - `UIBert.zip` #### Widget Captioning and RICOSCA Widget Captioning data are collected by [4]. RICOSCA is a dataset automatically labeled using Android VH in [5] The annotation data is stored in - `widget_captioning.json` - `ricosca.json` The rico images are stored in - `rico_imgs.zip` #### Android_world_data This part of data are sampled from a android environment for building and benchmarking autonomous computer control agents [6]. The annotation data is stored in - `aw_mobile.json` The rico images are stored in - `mobile_images.zip` *** ### Desktop data This part of data is stored under the *desktop_domain* directory. All of the desktop grounding data is collected from the real environments of personal computers running different operating systems. Each image is split into multiple sub-images to enhance data diversity. Our desktop grounding data consists of three parts: Windows, Linux and MacOS. **The image and annotation data for each operating system are stored in corresponding zip and json files.** It is worth noting that, due to the large size of the Windows image data, the split files need to be merged before extraction. ``` cat windows_image_part_* > windows_images.zip 7z x windows_images.zip -aoa -o/path/to/extract/folder ``` *** ### Web data This part of data is stored under the *web_domain* directory. Our desktop grounding data consists of two parts. #### Seeclick web data The web data from SeeClick [7] was crawled from websites provided by Common Crawl, containing more than 270k webpage screenshots and over 3 million webpage elements. The annotation data is stored in - `seeclick_web.json` The images are stored into split files and need to be merged before extraction. ``` cat seeclick_web_image_part_* > seeclick_web_images.zip 7z x seeclick_web_images.zip -aoa -o/path/to/extract/folder ``` #### Fineweb_crawled_data This part of data is crawled from web pages from the latest URLs obtained from FineWeb [8], a cleaned and deduplicated English dataset derived from Common Crawl. Since this portion of the data contains at least 1.6 million images, we have compressed them into 10 zip files, from `fineweb_3m_s11.zip` to `fineweb_3m_s52.zip`. Please extract them into the same directory. As an example, ``` 7z x fineweb_3m_s11.zip -aoa -o/same/path/to/extract/fineweb ``` The annotation data is stored in - `fineweb_3m.json` *** ### Best practice During the training of **OS-Atlas-7B**, we randomly sampled predefined prompts to wrap the grounding data. Additionally, we scaled the relative coordinates of each element (in the range [0, 1]) by multiplying them by 1000 before inputting them into the model for training. Below is an example of a data entry: ``` { "conversations": [ { "from": "human", "value": "\nUsing the provided screenshot, I'll describe webpage elements for you to locate (with bbox).\nmedia-maniacs.org\nHome\nSitemap\nshop you can have what you choose 2012" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "media-maniacs.org[[70,856,141,871]]\nHome[[21,935,43,951]]\nSitemap[[21,919,52,934]]\nshop you can have what you choose 2012[[368,839,523,855]]" } ] } ``` The prompts we used are stored in `prompts.json`. *** **The following are the open-source datasets we used as data sources. We welcome everyone to check the details and cite these sources accordingly！** [1] [AMEX: Android Multi-annotation Expo Dataset for Mobile GUI Agents](https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.17490) [2] [UIBert: Learning Generic Multimodal Representations for UI Understanding](https://arxiv.org/abs/2107.13731) [3] [Rico: A mobile app dataset for building data-driven design applications](https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3126594.3126651) [4] [Widget Captioning: Generating Natural Language Description for Mobile User Interface Elements](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2010.04295.pdf) [5] [Mapping Natural Language Instructions to Mobile UI Action Sequences](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2005.03776) [6] [ANDROIDWORLD: A Dynamic Benchmarking Environment for Autonomous Agents](https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.14573) [7] [SeeClick: Harnessing GUI Grounding for Advanced Visual GUI Agents](https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.10935) [8] [The fineweb datasets: Decanting the web for the finest text data at scale](https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.17557)