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studyofhistoryin00ameruoft_9	US-PD-Books	Public Domain	Droysen, J. G., Outline of the Principles of History, 242; Allgemeiner historischer Hand- atlas, 253. PDUCATION, purpose of, 16- 26 ; in lower schools, 160; in Germany, 177 ; in France, 200; in England, 218; in Canada, 230. Educational Review, articles on history, 239, 243, 244. Edward I., allusion to, 36. Egypt, history of, 56. England, historical methods in, 9, 12, 14; history teaching, 163; chaotic history teaching, 210, 220; private control, 210; public schools, 21 1 ; class- rooms not visited, 212; classic side, 212; modern side, 213; university examinations, 213; programme, 214, 219-225 ; scholarships, 215, 216 ; pass and honor examinations, 217; field of history covered, 217; text-books, 218; succession of courses, 220, 221 ; scripture history, 221 ; European his- tory, 221, 222 ; verse equiva- lent, 223 ; English history, 223 ; civil government included, 224 ; time allowance, 225 ; teachers little trained, 226 ; methods, 227, 229; text-books, 227 ; recitations, 227 ; labora- tory method, 228 ; sources rare, 229 ; Bryce's opinion, 229; public impression, 230. English, study of, compared with history, 33, 39. English history, time allowance, 28 ; as a field, 35, 36 ; com- bination with European, 43 ; combination with American, 43 ; as a centre of modern history, 65, 66, 69 ; impor- tance, 67 ; relation to the United States, 67 ; institutions, 68 ; treatment, 68 ; develop- ment, 69 ; Anglo-Saxon less important, 70 ; local institu- tions, 70 ; northern history, 71; imperial development, 72; empire, 72 ; relations with Europe, 73 ; feudalism, 73 ; economic and social, 80 ; through intensive study, in, 112; in lower schools, 163; in seventh grade, 1 70 ; when beginning, 194; in English schools, 211, 213, 218; ex- amination subject in England, 214, 215; in England, 223; maps and atlases, 254. Index 261 Entrance requirements to col- lege, difficulty, 1 19 ; purpose of this report, 119; for college pupils, 1 20 ; simplification, 121; importance, 122; unit, 122; with options, 123; with partial options, 123; with pre- scribed studies, 123 ; with fixed courses, 124; preparation for classical course, 125, 126; for Latin course, 127 ; for scientific course, 127 ; for English course, 128 ; general recommendations, 1 28 ; argu- ment for a substantial course, 129; examinations, 130-134; separate preparatory college course, 142, 152, 193 ; New York conference report, 148 ; queries on, 153; warped by classics, 196; in England, 213, 215- Epochs, in modern history, 62; episodic method, 62. Ethical value of history, 25. Europe, historical methods in, 9-15; maps of, 248-254. European history, combination with English, 43; in Ameri- can schools, 139, 141; neg- lect in lower schools, 163; in sixth grade, 170; relation with American, 170, 171; in Ger- man schools, 182; in English schools, 220, 222-224. — See also Mediaeval, Modern. Examinations, for entrance to college, 130, 131; difficulties, 130; remedy, 131; test of abilities, 132; command of extracts, 133; additional writ- ten work, 133; oral confer- ences, 134; courses in history recommended by the commit- tee, 134-136. FEDERATION, subject for in- tensive study, 112. Feudalism, English, 73. Field of history, see Courses. Foreign schools, see Canada, England, France, Germany. Four years' course, 34-43. Fox, George L., investigations in England, 9; History in English Secondary Schools, 210-230. France, historical methods in, 9, 12, 14; in mediaeval and mod- ern history, 62, 64; patriotism through history, 160; superior history teaching, 163; report on German schools, 174; rela- tion of history to classics, 199; patriotism, 200; Lycees, 201; Colleges, 201 ; time allowance, 202; programme, 203; chron- ological treatment, 204; com- parison with German circles, 204; routine spirit, 205; dic- tation system, 205, 206; illus- trations, 206; collateral read- ing, 206; appointment of teachers, 207; training of teachers, 207 ; text-books, 208 ; improvements, 209. Freeman, E. A., Methods of 262 Index Historical Study, 242; Histori- cal Geography of Europe, 253. French Revolution, appreciation of, 48. — See also France. PARDINER, s. R., School At- ^ las of English History, 254. Garlick, A. H., New Manual of Method, 247. General history, discussion of, 44- 52; in American schools, 139- 141; query on, 152. — See also Courses. Geography, use of, 95, 96; in German schools, 190; bibli- ography of maps and atlases, 248-255. Germany, historical methods in, 9-12, 14; patriotism through history, 161 ; superior teaching, 163; information on schools, 173; programmes, 174; early reports on, 1 74; Gymnasia, 1 75 ; Real -gymnasia, 1 75 ; Ober- real-schulen, 175; symmetric education, 1 75 ; influence of Herbart, 176; expert influ- ence, 177; German boy, 177; no personal opinions, 178; correlation in, 179; object of history, 179; subject matter, 180; three concentric circles, 181; ancient history, 181; me- diaeval history, 182; modern history, 182; second circle, 182; social and economic his- tory, 183; patriotism, 184; results, 185; psychological treatment, 187; time allow- ance, 1 88; correlation, 189; illustrations, 190; story telling, 190; text -book, 190; assimila- tion, 191 ; centralization, 192; distinctive features, 192; les- sons for Americans, 193; breadth of treatment, 194; preparation for universities, 196; double purpose, 197. Ginn, Classical Atlas, 250. Government, see Civil Govern- ment. Grades, history in, 158-172. Grammar School, history in, 38, 158-172. Greece, see Ancient History. Greek, correlation with history, 3i» 39. 40. Gymnasia, Germany, history in, 10, 173-198. LJAILEYBURY College, an •• English public school, 218, 219. Hall, G. S., Methods of Teaching History, 243. Hart, Albert Bushnell, Guide to American History, 239-241, 254; How to Teach History, 244; Studies in American Education, 244; Epoch Maps illustrating American History, 255; Epochs of Am erica n His- tory, 255. Haskins, Charles H., investiga- tion in France, 9 ; History in French Lycees, 199-209. Index 263 Herbart, influence in Germany, 176. High School, see American Schools, Courses. Hinsdale, B. A., How to Study and Teach History, 239-241. Historical-mindedness, habit of, 20. Holidays, illustrations for history, 165- Huling, R. G., History in Sec- ondary Education, 244. ILLUSTRATIONS, as sources, 108; in German schools, 190; in French schools, 206. Industrial history, discussion, 74- 81. Information through history, 24, 29, 49, 87, 88. Institutional history, tune allow- ance, 28. Intensive study, III, 1 1 2. Investigation, compared with laboratory work, 23; scientific habit, 23. — See also Sources. Ireland, history neglected, 71. JAGER, Oskar, on history in German schools, 183 ; Di- daktik und methodik des Geschichtsunterrichts, 246. Judgment, training through his- tory, 21-24. T7IEPERT, H., Wandkarten zur alien Geschichte, 249; Atlas Antiquus, 250. Kiepert and Wolf, Historischer Schul-Atlas, 252. T ABBERTON, R. H., Histori- cal Atlas, 252. Laboratory work, see Sources. Lange, Bilder zur Geschichte, 108. Langlois, C. V., Manuel de Bib- liographie Historique, 246. Langlois, C. V., and Seignobos, Introduction to the Study of History, 241, 299. Languages, compared with his- tory, 33, 89. Lantern slides, as sources, 109; as historical illustrations, 248. Latin, correlation with history, 31, 39, 40; relation with history, 127, 128. — See also Ancient History. Lavisse, Ernest, A propos de nos Ecoles, 246. Lectures, in school, 206. Liberty, see Civil Government. Library, for historical work, 25; for school work, 97-100; ac- cessibility, 99; intelligent use, 99; proper selection, 99; in English schools, 228. Livy, ghost of, 54, 57. Longmans, Classical Atlas, 250. Luther, place in history, 61. Lycees, French, 199-209. — See also France. M AC COUN, T., Historical Gtography Charts of Europe, 264 Index 250, 251 ; Historical Charts of the United States, 255. Macdonald, J. W., Civics by the Parliamentary Method, 244. Mace, W. H., Method in History, 243- Madison Conference, work of, 2; suggestions by, 7; results of, 86, 87; quotation from, 91; on intensive study, in, 112; Report on History, 242. Maps, see Geography. Mathematics, compared with his- tory, 88. Mediaeval and Modern European history, time allowance, 28; as a field, 34, 35 ; relation to An- cient, 58; rise of Christianity, 58; rise of Mohammedanism, 58; treatment, 59-66; period covered, 59; in secondary schools, 60 ; characteristic fea- tures, 6i; termination, 6i; in American schools, 140; in sixth grade, 170; in German schools, 181, 182, 186; in French schools, 203 ; maps and atlases, 250, 253. Memorizing in history, 45. Methods, general uniformity of, 7; discussion of, 86-100; means of, 87-89; in German schools, 190-193; bibliogra- phy of, 239-247. — See also Courses, Reading, Recitations, Text-books, Sources, Written Work. Middle Ages, see Mediaeval. Middle States, study of history in, 140, 141, 143, 145-147. Military history, discussion, 75. Modern history, beginnings of, 61 ; lack of concentration, 62; studied through France, 62, 64; recent, 63; studied through England, 65; in German schools, 182; in French schools, 203; maps and at- lases, 250, 253. Modern languages, correlation with history, 30. Myths, in German instruction, 180. MATIONAL Educational As- sociation, investigation of entrance requirements, 6, 119, 121; Proceedings, 239. New England, study of history in, 140-143, 146, 148, 149; a good course, 153-155. New England Association of Col- leges and Preparatory Schools, Report on Entrance Require- ments, 244. New England History Teachers' Association, 6, 239. New York Conference, Report on Entrance Requirements, 148. Note books, use of, 94; in New York report, 148; criticism of, 149. Novels, illustrations of history, 41. Index 265 /"\PTIONS, in entrance re- quirements, 123. Orient, history of, importance, 54; survey of, 55; in German schools, 181, 189 ; in France, 203. Order of courses, see Courses. Outline maps, use of, 248. Oxford, relations with English schools, 213, 214, 215. DARMENTIER, Albums ffis- toriques, 108. Patriotism, as an object of his- tory, 1 60 ; in German schools, 182. — See also Citizenship, Civil Government. Persia, history of, 50. Poole, R. L., Historical Atlas of Modern Europe, 253. Primary schools, history in, 158- 172. Programmes, see Course of Study. Prussia, see Germany. Psychology of historical study, 17; in German instruction, 187. Public schools, in England, 211; in America, see American Schools. Putzger, F. W., Historischer Schul-Atlas, 252. DEADING, collateral, 92; in America, 144; in New York report, 148 ; query on, 152 ; in French schools, 206; in English schools, 206. Recitations, discussions of, 86- 98 ; written, 94 ; in German schools, 190; in French schools, 205; in English schools, 227. Reformation, history of, 35. Relief maps, 248, 251. Religion, in German schools, 189. Renaissance, history of, 35. Revolution, American, relations with England, 67; importance, 74, 75 ; subject for intensive study, 112; study of patriot- ism, 161 ; study of, 165. Rome, see Ancient History. Russell, J. E., History and Geog- raphy in the Higher Schools of Germany, 245 ; German Higher Schools, 245. Russia, history in, 14. CALMON, Lucy, investigations in Germany, 9 ; On the Study of History below the Secondary Schools, 158-172; History in the German Gymnasia, 173- 198 ; Teaching of History, 245 ; Woman and the Higher Education, 245. Saxony, see Germany. Scholarships, English, in history, 215. Schrader, F., Atlas de Geographie Historique, 253. Science, comparison with history, 1 6, 20, 22, 23, 24, 29, 30, 32, 33. 39, 49, 5°> 89» 97» IO3» 2?6. 266 Index Scotland, history of, neglected, 7 1. Secondary Schools, see Ameri- can Schools, Canada, England, France, Germany. Seemann, Kunsthistorische Bil- derbogen, 108. Sequence of courses, 34-43; im- portance of, 52. Smith, A. L., Teaching of Mod- ern History, 247. Social history, discussion, 74- 81 ; study of, 195. Somervell, R., Modern History, 247. Sources, caution, 45, 46; source, method discussed, 45, 51, 100, loi; text -book necessary, 102; investigation disclaimed, 102; comparison with science, 103; personal interest, 103; vitaliz- ing effect, 104 ; controversies avoided, 104; documents min- imized, 105; travels and me- moirs, 105; literary value, 106; use of topics, 1 07; buildings and illustrations, 108; subject sum- marized, 109; in American schools, 146; query on, 152; not used in French schools, 206; in English schools, 229. Sparta, see Ancient History. Spence, C. H., Teaching of Mod- ern History, 247. Spruner-Bretschneider, Histo- rischer Wandatlas, 251. Spruner-Mencke, Handatlas zur Geschichte des Mittelalters und der neueren Zeit, 253. Spruner-Sieglin, Atlas- Antiquus, 250. States, history of, in lower schools, 164; in grammar grades, 167; history courses, 159; making of curricula, 161, 162, 176, 177. Stories, in lower schools, 1 66; in third grade, 168; in German schools, 190. Stubbs, Bishop, The Roots of the Present, 84. Subjects, see Courses of Study. Switzerland, historical methods in, 9, 12; history in schools, 184. TEACHERS, discipline of his- A tory, i; value of training, 7; evidences of success, 8; trained foreign, 14; necessity for training, 113, 147; diffi- culty of history, 114; broad knowledge, 115; ability to handle books, 115; sympathy, 1 1 6 ; h ist orical -min dedness, 1 1 6 ; method of training, 117; queries on training, 153; in German schools, 207; in French schools, 207; in Ca- nadian schools, 234. Text-books, proper use of, 90- 92; more than one, 91; with sources, 102; slavish use, 167; use in America, 143; in New York Report, 148; query on, 152; in lower schools, 166; in German schools, 191; in Index 267 French schools, 206, 208; in English schools, 227; in Cana- dian schools, 237. Thompson, Anna B., Suggestions to Teachers, 245. Thwaites, R. G., Study of Local History, 243. Time allowance, abroad, 14; defence of Committee's, 42; possible deviations, 43; in America, 142; in New York Report, 148; query on, 152; in German schools, 188, 189; in France, 202, 203; in Eng- lish schools, 225, 226; in Cana- dian schools, 234, 236. Topics, from sources, 107; in French schools, 205. — See also Sources, Written Work. Training, through History, 49. — See also Teachers. Training of teachers, in Canadian schools, 234. Travels, as sources, 105. T TNITED States, relations with England, 67; history in lower schools, 162; in gram- mar grades, 166, 167. — See also American History. United States Geological Survey, List of Publications, 254. United States Land Office, map of, 255. University, see Colleges. VALUE, of historical study, V 16-26. WEBSTER, Daniel, master- piece, 89, 90. Wales, history neglected, 71. Wells, J., Teaching of History in Schools, 247. West, study of history in, 140, 141, 143, 146, 147, 149; a good western programme, 153, 156- Weyer, J. I., Bibliography of the Study and Teaching of His- tory, 239. Wigs, historical significance, 79- Withers, H. L., Ancient History, 247. Written work, proper use, 93-95 ; for young pupils, 93; advan- tages, 93; written recitations, 94; note books, 94; in Ameri- can schools, 145 ; in New York Report, 148; query on, 152. Wrong, G. M., History in Cana- dian Secondary Schools, 231- 238. Printed in the United States of America. r I ^HE following pages contain advertisements of a few •• of the Macmillan books on kindred subjects. • Decidedly the best one-voiume American History ye\ published. " —American Historical Review. STUDENTS' HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES. By EDWARD CHANNING, Professor of History in Harvard University, With Suggestions to Teachers By AHITA BOYKTOW THOMPSON, Thayer Academy, Soxt* Braintree, Mass, 8vo. Half Leather. Price, $1.4O irtPORTANT FEATURES. — Reproductions of Original Documents. Colored Maps; Excellent Illustrations; Accurate Copies of Well-known Portraits: Lists of Standard Works for Small Library, Good Library, Very Good Library; Suggestions to Teachers; a Perspective of United States History; List of Books for Consultation at the Beginning of Each Chapter; Suggestive Questions and Topics at the Close of Each Chapter; Table of Important Dates; Marginal Notes throughout. Professor A. A. Freeman, reviewing this work in The American Historical Review, says: " Decidedly the best one- volume American his- tory yet published. ... In the preface the author has explained that his purpose in the publication of this work is to provide a text-book suited to the needs of the senior class in high schools and academies. He believes that ' the serious study of American History more fitly follows than precedes other countries and belongs to the maturer years of school life.' The author assumes a considerable knowledge of American history on the part of pupils from the use of more elementary text-books in the lower grades. He accord- ingly omits all the stock stories and anecdotes which form so large a part of our elementary text-books. ... It is full of suggestions for both teachers and pupils. Miss Anna Boynton Thompson, of Thayer Academy, has written a chapter entitled ' Suggestions to Teachers,' in which she has described her own method of teaching. These suggestions will be very helpful to the teacher if he accepts them as ' suggestions ' and not as rules. . . . They should prove of peculiar value in preparing pupils for the new requirements for entrance to college. Especially valuable are the marginal references on every page to standard works which contain a fuller account of each topic. Each chapter is headed by a list of books, special accounts, sources and bibliography, maps and illustrative material. In the last are found the names of titles of books of American literature. Everything is done to stimulate and aid a more thorough investigation by the student. The introduction is a study of the land and its resources and shows the influence of geographical conditions in the development of the country. . .. The author displays a judicial and impartial spirit in relation to all contro- verted questions. This is especially noticeable in the consideration of such topics as the administration of Andros in Massachusetts, the persecution of the Quakers at Boston, the effect of the English navigation laws, the char- acter and treatment of the Loyalists, and the execution of Andre. . . . There is a gratifying absence of cheap illustrations. The volume contains many excellent portraits. The period since 1789 is treated by topics. The old arbitrary division by administrations is properly abandoned and is replaced by the following divisions: Federalist Supremacy, 1789-1800; Jeffersonian Republicans, 1801-1812; War and Peace, 1812-1829; The National Democ- racy, 1829-1844; Slavery in the Territories, 1844-1859; Secession, 1860- t86i: The Civil War, 1861-1865; National Development, 1865-1897." I COMMENTS. Jf. M. Greenwood, Supt. of Schools, Kansas City, Mo. : "I nave Jua finished reading Channing's Students' History, and I closed it with the conviction that it is the best single-volume history of the Country that has yet been printed." Frederic A. Vogt, Principal Central High School, Buffalo, N.Y.: " It is a relief to see a history in which the military achievements give some space to the victories of peace and the growth of constitutional liberty. Mere incidents have been weeded out, and the essential whole has been preserved in a continuous story. There is a breadth of view and loftiness of exposition which is scientific and much more profitable than a mere string of dates and events. The schemes for study, the outlines for reading, and the suggestions to teachers ought to make the book very helpful." R. H. Bowles, Phillips Exeter Academy, Exeter, N.H. : "After examining the book carefully, I feel convinced that it is the best work of the kind that has ever been done, or perhaps it would be fairer to Mr. Channing to say that it is the only thing of the kind that has been done." Miss Mabel Hill, State Normal School, Lowell, Mass. : " In the Eublication of Professor Edward Channing's Students' History of the United tates we have received a text-book of the first importance. Its spirited purpose, together with its philosophical point of view, sets it apart as peculiarly adapted for High School work, although its simple, strong style gives it a place in the school-rooms of the grammar grades as a reference reading book." Wallace E. Mason, Principal of High School, Leominster, Mass, i " In regard to the History by Channing, I want to say that it is the finest in plan and execution that I have ever seen." Arthur N. Burke, Principal of Monson Academy, Monson, Mass.: " Channing's Students' History of the United States is certainly the best thing of its kind I have ever seen." A. C. Yeaton, Westbrook Seminary, Deering, Me. : " I am delighted with it, for it is just such a book as I have been searching for." Charles H. Keyes, Principal of High School, Holyoke, Mass. : "We have at last a text suited for High School use, and one that will help put the subject into the important place it ought to occupy in the curriculum of the secondary school. It is manifestly the work of one who is both an historian and a teacher, and it ought to meet with unprecedented success." Miss Susan OsgOOd, High School, Binghampton, N.Y. : "I have examined it with care, and let me assure you, with ever increasing delight. It seems to me by far the strongest and in every way the best work of its kind that has yet appeared, and is exactly suited to our needs." Thomas M. Cann. School of the Lacka-wanna, Scranton, Pa. : "I am much pleased with the arrangement of the history. It is well adapted to the use of students in the higher classes." Reuben Post Halleck, Principal Male High School, Louisville, Ky.: " The statements are clear, definite, and interesting. The list of books for consultation is very wisely selected." John F. Haines, Supt. of Schools, Noblesville, Ind.: " I can say most enthusiastically that .for clearness of statement and orderly arrangement I have never seen its equal." Albert A. Sanford, State Normal School, Stevens Point, Wis. : " The Suggestive Questions and Topics are the best I have ever seen introduced into a text. The maps showing movement of population are very useful " THE MACMILLAN COMPANY, 66 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK. THE UNITED STATES. An Outline of Political History, J492-J87I By GOLDWIN SMITH. D.C.L. Third Edition. With Map. Crown 8vo. $2.OO. " His survey of events is luminous, his estimate of character is singu. larly keen and just, and his style is at once incisive, dignified, and scholarly. . . . No one who takes up Mr. Goldwin Smith's volume will readily lay it down before he has finished it; no one will lay it down without acknowledg- ing the rare gifts of the writer." — The Times. "Is a literary masterpiece, as readable as a novel, remarkable for its compression without dryness, and its brilliancy without any rhetorical effort or display. What American could, with so broad a grasp and so perfect a style, have rehearsed our political history from Columbus to Grant in three hundred duodecimo pages of open type, or would have manifested greater candor in his judgment of men and events in a period of four centuries? It is enough to say that no one before Mr. Smith has attempted the feat, and that he has the field to himself." — The Nation. " It is a marvel of condensation and lucidity. In no other book is the same field covered so succinctly and so well. Of the five chapters, the first deals with the Colonial epoch, the second with the Revolutionary period, the third and fourth review the history of the Federal Government to the outbreak of the Civil War, and the fifth depicts the era of rupture and recon- struction. We have marked certain passages for extract; but the truth is* that almost every page is enriched with striking comments that cause the reader to carefully reconsider, if not to change, his views of historical persons and events." — New York Sun. " As a whole, has a comprehensiveness of view and a ready grasp of leading tendencies that should make it particularly useful to the busy man who desires a rapid survey of American political history. By deliberately neglecting details, Professor Smith has been able to fasten the attention upon salient points, and to concentrate interest around the career of the great leaders in our political development." — Boston Beacon. " No pen has ever been more eloquent than his in setting forth the merits of Washington, and Hamilton, and Webster, and Lincoln, and others of America's great citizens. The chapters on ' Democracy and Slavery ' and ' Rupture and Reconstruction ' deserve thoughtful perusal by every Ameri- can, North and South." — Public Opinion. THE MACMILLAN COMPANY, 66 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK. University of Toronto Library DO NOT REMOVE THE CARD FROM THIS POCKET Acme Library Card Pocket Under Pat. "Ref. Index File" Made by LIBRARY BUREAU.
sn83045462_1916-03-26_1_41_1	US-PD-Newspapers	Public Domain	was creeping away, swaying. Her tired body moved as feebly as tottering age. Again the eternity of night. Again, in the morning, the crowded offices, the gaunt, dim faces. Again that cowering childish figure, that desolate moan: "Oh, I wish I'd done things different. I wish I hadn't plagued Jimsey so. He was that pig-headed for having a home, but I was bound I'd show him who was boss. So I said we'd stay in New York. And I got my way. And I wish I hadn't? Oh!" Helen shivered. She was not listening - she need not listen. "What if I do get one more chance? What will I do with it? Now can we ever mind again? Well, we won't want to. And it's all my doing. Whenever he got one of his self-immolating streaks, I used to chaff him and tell him he must learn to compromise with life. Well, he has learned to compromise. He has gone farther, he has surrendered. And now, if he comes back alive, and I beg him to go to the old road - he'll laugh and reach for his check-book. And that will be all." It would not have been all twenty years before. For Roderick Curtice had swung into the march of life with all the vital, fundamental instincts strong within him. He was born a builder, he was born to fulfill, nobly, the granite essential. Tasks of husband, father, laborer, and citizen. But, from the first, she had rebelled against the tyranny of the slave. She could not be burdened with a home. Quietly she had ridiculed, teased, thwarted. And God had given way. Well, she need not wail. She had had twenty years of married freedom. And now? How free she would be now! "IF I only had the nerve, I'd go home and sweep and dust and fix up the tint. He's crazy over that tint." The girl talked on softly. "And I'd bake up a grist of spice cookies. His aunt taught me how. They're elegant. And I'd buy me a red marquisette blouse for my wedding traveling suit, and a hat with cherries, and Jimmy he said? Oh!" She broke off with a gasp, huddling in the seat. She did not speak again. "If it was just spice cookies and potted ginger snaps!" thought the other woman, less than a matter of fact. A HATEFUL envy swelled in her heart, in if she could do these homely services for God! If she could work out the tangle of their lives with her own hands! "But God would be so amused. He'd think it was all a pose. Very likely it would be a pose. And how could we make our spoil life over, and make it real?" No; the stones to build their hearth were broken. The precious fire was dead. Yet the boy she had married had come to her ablaze with that divine flame. Had she not her own hands but shielded that flame! It was long past noon. The crowd had hushed misery, and yet? Had she not been fond of her, in that way. If she had one more chance! If she had just one more precious year! In that moment, it was long past noon. Again the crowd dragged no longer, mute, patient. It rushed, it protested, it wept, and through that spindrift of voices rang a human voice, enraged and shrill: "This ain't just waiting, I tell you. This is hell. Where's the main guy of this gang? I'll bet I can shake out something!" Then an old, old voice, the aching soul of tears: "Oh, sir, look again. Sure, 'tis not possible at all. His name must be there, the only son left to me, and the kindest! You'll be reading the list again, sir, please!" But with the dusk the old dull shadow fell: the deepening silence of that eternal waiting. Helen sat erect and still. Her beautiful. I 'irrmmttt tit turn to m:ir!tlt> But tin' girl lay beside her, ashen. When the old valet bent to her again, she could W not take the cup. lie lifted Iter head to his thin old shoulder, and made her swallow, II drop by drop. She did not resist. She w; had no strength to resist. Only her eyes lived, to stare always at the bulletin- ea board that never told any news. II Then through the crowd eatne an al otlieial. shouldering his way toward the lit Iletin-board, His faoe was expression- \ is; Imt tlif luinds that tucked up that f it bulletin shook like the hands of a man t a palsy. t The crowd stood and guped at the oad scrawled page: i S.S. Xnrtluimbria. Wireless, 7 p. m. Last life-boat just picked up. Passengers 8 enty-slx women, names as follows, . . . \ >at manned by ttvo members crew -B. \| i; i rT> M I IK I I , i J a u n*i .> i iv i u i rr. assistant j tdneer. "'James McGuire'! Don't you hear 1 at? Can't you see? Can't you under- 1 ind?" Helen stooped and shook the lax Uody J v vt s rTOB igged no longer, mule, patient. Its ening. It railed, it protested, it wept." ' reely. Her voire rang sharp and high, le stared down into the wan child-face, itolerable anger leaped in her breast, 1 isted red before iter eyes?the blind rage < the mate. "You've got your chance. D'vou ar?" She bent closer, panting. Had that lance lain in the girl's hand, she could ive leaped on her and torn it from her. "Go home, now. Fix up your hat, and take your cookies, and buy your red ribbon. You've got your man back, you've got your one more chance." "Jimsey!" Then, at last, the girl leaped up. Her eyes blazed alive, a white terror of rage. From the pale lips there burst a cry so wild, so exquisite, it was a thing to break one's heart, that any human being could dare to be so glad. "Jimsey! Oh, Jimsey! Let me go, Jack!" She thrust past Helen. Then, with a lovely instinct, she turned back, and put out both pleading young hands. "Oh!" she breathed, with a soliloquy. "Oh, forgot. For you? You?" "Never mind me. Go on. I say." She pushed the girl away. She tore herself from those clinging, eager hands, and, stumbling, she blundered toward the door. Halfway there, she stopped short, her eyes blurred; a group that swayed and thrust uncertainly, a group that had turned, with a strange, blind prescience, away from the bulletin-board, to stare at a second official who was making his way down the long room. Suddenly Helen gasped out. A wild impulse leaped in her frozen breast. The officer was crowding his way straight toward the bulletin-board. He was a big, stolid-featured man; but His broad face was flushed scarlet, the tears were streaming down his cheeks like ruin. PUMBLY the crowd parted before him. Then shouldered close behind. He reached the bulletin board, he put his hand as if to aft the sheet he carried. Then his hand dropped. He swung about, facing the crowd. "I can't wait for you people to read." I am, one minute ago, we posted the last lifeboat and its crew. But this moment comes a wireless from Provincetown. This is not the final list of survivors, my friends. A fishing boat, the Anna Dean, has just put into Provincetown. Harbor. She had no wireless, so she could not send her news ahead. She reached the spot just as the King press went down. She picked up every person heretofore reported missing. Every single one! Do you hear me, my friends? The list is complete. The Empress did not lose a single soul! The crowd stared back at him. There was no outcry, no lifted voice of thanksgiving. Only, here and there, the awed whisper of deep, unbelieving joy: "My sister! My sister! My sister!" "My boy! My Jerry! He's saved!" Helen Curtice's lips moved, but no sound came. Then she put up her hands to her heart. It was a gesture of reverence, of deep and humble wonder. "So I have my chance, too. I'm given my one more chance! Oh, God, God! We'll try it once more, dear. We'll build our house of life again. This time we shall turn mill! She did not look at the group around her. She did not look at the old valet, his face a quivering mask of gratitude. "I'm going now?to buy my own red geranium!" she laughed out, half sobbing. Her eyes aglow, her face illumined, she went hurrying down the dusky street beneath the tender sky.
sn83045462_1935-12-21_1_20_1	US-PD-Newspapers	Public Domain	1936 Expected to Be Best Year in Industry Since 1929 Lumber production in the United States in 1935 will total approximately 174 billion feet, the largest in the last four years, the National Lumber Manufacturers’ Association announced today. The approximate production of the year was greater than in 1934, 1933, and 1932. In 1934, production of lumber totaled 154 billion feet, while 14 billion feet were produced in 1933, and 10 billion feet, the depression low, in 1932. The association stated that 37 billion feet is “normal production.” During the last quarter of 1935, soft wood lumber production was approximately 40 percent greater than in the last quarter of last year, and consumption during the last quarter was approximately 20 percent above that of the corresponding period last year. Residential Building Gains. Residential building, which is the largest factor in lumber consumption, was, in floor space contracted for, nearly 24 times that of 1934 during the last part of 1935 and is expected next year to be double that of 1935, which would make it the largest year since 1929. Such an increase in residence building, if other factors show similar gain, would signify an increase of lumber production in 1936 to around 25 to 36 billion feet, or about equal to the 1930 lumber output. The industrial demand for lumber has been gaining rapidly and all the signs point to an approximation of industrial consumption next year equal to that of 1931 and perhaps to 1930. Employment has been slowly gaining during the last part of 1935 and with present tendencies should begin to approximate in 1936 at least the “normalcy” of 1930-1932. These forecasts will be somewhat affected by the results of increased imports of lumber under the new Canadian-American trade agreement, which will become effective in January. Resumption of normal production by the lumber and timber products industries (sawmills and logging operations, which is the most important in the forest products group) will be noticeably advantageous in some 30 States in which the forest industries are important. The lumber and timber products industry was in 1929 the leading one in 10 States in respect of the number of wage earners: it led in nine States in amount of wages, and in six States in the value of products. Despite the exceptional effects of the depression upon it, it is still the leading industry in eight States and the second in five States, the number of wage earners being the criterion. In the State of Washington, in 1933, the lumber industry employed 45 percent of all the wage earners; in Oregon, 48 percent; in Mississippi, 41 percent; in Mississippi, 41 percent; in Louisiana, 27 percent; and in Texas, 35. The forest products industries (including lumber and its manufactures) is fifth in number of wage earners in a national count of 15 general industrial groups; seventh in payrolls, and ninth in total value of products. It is exceeded normally in the number of wage earners only by the food, textile, machinery, iron and steel groups. Up to 70 years ago the Northeastern States led in lumber production; in the 80s and 90s the Lakes States took the lead; at the turn of the century the South was in the van, and now leadership is conceded to the Far Western States. Washington and Oregon have been the leading lumber producing States since 1920, with Louisiana, Mississippi and California not far behind. California is now third on the list. Southern pine is the leading species in point of production; then come Douglas fir, Ponderosa pine, oak, and white pine. Of the hardwoods, gum ranks next to oak and maple is third. It is estimated that nearly 60 percent of all lumber goes into building and construction. Boxes and crates require about 15 to 16 percent; the railways directly use 8 to 9 percent, and exports absorb about 7 percent, leaving somewhere around 11 percent for the fabricating industries. Lumber is the major material used in residence building; approximately 80 percent of the residence structures of the United States are at least lumber framed. “Rumpus” Room Decorations. There are dozens of themes for the decoration of a "rumpus" room. If you've traveled a lot and are particularly fond of one of the countries you have visited, you might dedicate your room to that country and make it a part of old Spain—a room that suggests Algiers, Norway or Timbuctoo. Foreign-travel posters on the wall can be unusually effective, and these can be protected and made washable with a coating of shellac. Two Washington Dwellings That Have Been Built and Sold Recently Left: Residence at 4610 Reno road purchased by Mr. and Mrs. Samuel W. Stinemetz from the Thomas J. Fisher Co. The house contains seven rooms, two baths, was built by the Chevy Chase Land Co. and designed by Dan Kirkhuff. Right: Mr. and Mrs. K. B. Boyd acquired this new home, located at 3357 Rittenhouse street, from the firm of G. F. Mikkelson & Son, builders, Colonial in design, It has six rooms and two baths. —Star Staff Photos. Small Town Girl BEN AMES WILLIAMS Shipped from JAMES MONTGOMERY FLAGG THE STORY THUS FAR. Kay Brannan, petite and beautiful, has waited four long years for her sister Emily to graduate from Wellesley, so that she herself can enter and thus escape the dull, uneventful town of Carvel. While at college, she hears a great deal of reckless Bob Dakin, medical doctor, whom she never meets. She becomes part of a mad social whirl and to her horror, discovers an inherited taste for liquor. She decides to be careful. But in her sophomore year, a letter from her mother tells her that financial reverses will prevent her staying in college. Kay is heartbroken. She believes that Chick Rantoul, a friend of hers, would give her a job as his advertising assistant, but she drearily decides to be dutiful and go home. CHAPTER VII. Kay's resolution to return to Carvel, to take up the responsibility that waited for her there, held firm until two days before her last examination. Then another letter came from her mother. Mrs. Brannan wrote: "Dear Kay: "I think it best to tell you, before you come home, that Emily and George are going to be married. I know this will not seem like good news to you, but when you are older, your viewpoint will be different. George is a good boy, and he works hard, and he is sober and steady, and very much in love with Emily. They will be happy together. Emily is fond of him, and grows fonder, now that she has made up her mind. I thought best to write you, so that you can be careful, when you come, not to do or say anything to make you happy." Emily, unhappy. "It is possible you may be able to get her job at school. You can talk up Mr. Hodges about it when you come home." This letter was waiting for Kay in her room, a little before supper time. She read it twice, very slowly, and then she went downstairs and out of doors, neglecting supper, for getting everything. She walked for hours, without knowing where or why, until suddenly she found herself in a lighted square and saw a drug store and the blue bell that marks a public telephone. Kay stared at this emblem as though it were a thing she had never seen before, and then she went in and with a steady resolution called Chick Rantoul. When he answered, she said: "Chick?" "Yes. Who’s this?" "Kay Brannan. Chick." "Oh, hullo, Kay. What in the world are you doing up at this time of night?" "I don’t know what time it is," she said, and her voice shook a little, so that he heard it. "Anything the matter?" he asked quickly. And Kay wet her lips. "You said once if I ever wanted to go to work I might get a job in your office," she reminded him. He protested: "A job?" She did not speak, and he laughed, in an uncertain amusement. "Trying to kid me, Kay?" "No," she said. She hesitated, told him then, steadily: "No, Chick! I’m in deadly earnest. May I come in and see you." In the morning?" "Why, Kay, if there's anything wrong. I'll come out," he offered. "In the morning, or tonight, if you want me." "No," she said. "No. I'll come in." This is business, Chick. To your office. May?” "Why—yes, I guess so," he assented doubtfully. "But I'm not sure we can find a place for you.” “I’m going to make you find a place for me,” Kay told him desperately. She tried to laugh, managed a mirthless sound. “If you don't,” she said, “I’ll have to go home to Carvel, so you just have to. Good night, Chick! I'll be in at 10.” Rantoul, when Kay appeared at his office in the morning, heard her with sympathy, but he tried to dissuade her from her design. "You’ve no experience,” he pointed out. "You're not even a plain stenographer. And— Carvel's your home, and your people need you there!” She insisted desperately: “I know it's selfish and hideous of me; but I can't go back. I simply can’t! I’ve seen too many girls do it. Girls like Emily, lovely and intelligent and— they go away to college and then come home and wait and wait and by and by they marry—grocers. If you don't hire me, I’ll be a waitress, or a clerk, or anything! But I won't go home!” “You're an idiot, you know,” he said, almost angrily. “I know it. But you’ve told me I've sometimes helped you. Try me, Chick. I'll be good!” She persuaded him at last. To speak to his superiors; and once committed, he pleaded her cause with sufficient conviction so that she was given a chance. So Kay wrote home that she was going to work in Boston, and Mrs. Brannan accepted the news without protest. Kay had a non-committal letter from her and wrote in reply: "You sound as doubtful as Mr. Rantoul did: but in spite of you both, I'm a working woman now. I wish I knew stenography and typing; but so far I've just been studying things that Mr. Rantoul is working on. For instance, the Oriental Silk Co. wants to advertise their stockings, and I’m supposed to find out why women buy a particular kind of stockings, and tell Mr. Rantoul. His idea is to advertise that these stockings won’t run, but I don’t think women care whether stockings run or not. We don’t buy stockings for utility; not nowadays, with skirts as short as they are. I think I'll suggest that he tell the Oriental people to put some sort of scent on their stockings, perfume them. I believe that would be new, and amusing. But, anyway, that's the sort of work I'm supposed to do. It's fun, too: and there are perquisites, Mother. I have a dozen pairs of their stockings to wear, for instance, so I can judge their merits in actual use. Then Mr. Rantoul sent me out to walk along Tremont street the other day, with a man about 30 paces behind me, to watch and see how many men turned their heads to look at me after I passed by. So you’ll probably see a big advertisement: 'Thirty-one percent of all the men she passed looked back at her when she wore Oriental silk.' I don’t think it was altogether the stockings, though! I'm supposed to be Mr. Rantoul. Rantoul's assistant. The firm is Burnett & Gould, but Mr. Burnett is old, and Mr. Gould is nice, and Mr. Ranoul will get a partnership soon. Her new existence settled, before the Summer was over, into routine. She made one friend, Genevieve Fay, was an artist employed by Burnett & Gould, a girl almost 6 feet tall, with a bony frame and a masculine quality about her, curiously attractive despite the fact that she had not one attractive feature. At their first encounter, she looked Kay frankly up and down and exclaimed: “I declare, you're the cutest little trick I ever saw! If you've any brains in that head of yours, it's a world’s record! Are you as dumb as you are beautiful?” Kay laughed in a quick amusement. “I'm trying to find out,” she confessed. She frowned as though faintly puzzled, and protested: "But does beauty have to be dumb? Mr. Rantoul says you’re ever so clever!” The other laughed. "Lady, you wouldn't kid a poor girl, would you?” She put her arm around Kay's shoulders affectionately. “You and I are going to get along. We match up so well. Mutt and Jeff in person!” And they did in fact come to a warm friendship. In August, at Genevieve's suggestion, Kay joined her in taking a small studio, in one of the old houses on Louisburg Square, where Genevieve could have the north light she needed for her work. The studio was also a living room. It had ample closet space, and two couches by day became beds at night. Genevieve insisted on paying two-thirds of the rent. “Because it’s home and office both for me,” she pointed out. "And I couldn't afford it without you, Kay.” The studio proved to be a popular gathering place. Genevieve had scores of friends, so that for months Kay was in a constant surprise at their number and variety; and Sally Hays and Helen Ripley and Marny Bingham and the other girls whom Kay had known most intimately at Wellesley liked to come in for tea, usually escorted by youngsters of their own age. Then there were half a dozen men who liked to take Genevieve to the theater, to a football game or some other festivity; and when two of them offered invitations for the same occasion Genevieve usually appealed to Kay to handle the overflow. “You’re doing me a kindness,” she always insisted. “If I leave them foot loose they'll wander into strange pastures and I’ll never see them again. Keep an eye on them for me until I want them, Kay.” So they were seldom alone in the evenings, and it was increasingly hard for Kay to awake at the fit time in the morning to be at the office by 9. Genevieve was not tied down to any definite hours, but Chick Rantoul expected Kay to be prompt, and to stay as late in the afternoon, or even into the evening, as he might require. Kay confessed to Genevieve, one night after they were abed, a faint disappointment in his attitude toward her. "Chick used to come out to see me when I was at Wellesley," she said. "But he never comes here. I thought it would be fun working with him." Genevieve told her wisely: "Child, that's the first lesson you learn. There are two kinds of working girls. Some work at their jobs, and some work at their men. Chick Rantoul has a level head on his shoulders. So long as you were an outsider, he could play around with you; but now you're working for him, and if you don't earn your pay check he’ll fire you. Of course, if he did fire you, he’d probably start giving you a rush again, if that's what you want?" "Of course not," Kay insisted. "Not in love with him, are you, kid?" Genevieve asked gently in the darkness; and Kay laughed aloud. "Of course not!" she repeated. "Only—he's so different now. I always feel guilty or something; feel as if he were angry at me." But if Rantoul, outside of office hours, paid her no least attention, yet Kay had no need to be lonely. There were always Genevieve's friends, whom Kay made her own. She said to the older girl one day: "How many men do you know, for heaven’s sake, Genevieve? There's a new one every week!" Genevieve laughed. "You don't know?" I know the half of it, yet,” she confessed. "You’ve never even met Paul Drake, or Mat Conley. He’s in the movies now. Or Luther Perins, or Bob Dakin, or Ed Warren, or-” "I’ve heard of Bob Dakin,” Kay admitted. “So many people have,” Genevieve agreed, with a dry humor. "Being heard of is Bob’s specialty. He’s a cousin of mine. His father's my uncle. You know, Dr. Dakin, the brain man.” Kay did not know. "He cuts bullets out of brains as easily as you sharpen a pencil," Genevieve assured her. "He's a peach, really! Retired now, of course. Just consults, and occasionally operates on a king, or someone equally important. Bob's in with Dr. Fabre, in the clinic." She added, half angrily: "He'd be a good man if he settled down to it. Dr. Fabre told me so. But Bob's wild as a hawk. If he's not cutting out some woman's appendix in a hospital, he’s practicing a little private osteopathy. Bob has parked his car on every back road in Massachusetts in his time." "He was supposed to come to a party where I was once," Kay remembered. "But he didn’t come!" "He never does," Genevieve assured her. And she said wistfully, "He makes me mad, because he could be a wonder if he would! And his father and mother are so proud of him, have so many plans for him, so many hopes." Kay in her next letter to Emily spoke of Bob Dakin. Emily and George had been married in June, and Will Brannan nowadays was working as a clerk in George’s. Store. Kay wrote: "Bob Dakin. He's one of those legendary figures you hear about but never see. You must have heard of him when you were at Wellesley." Genevieve says everyone has heard of him, and I guess that's so, because whoever you meet is almost sure to mention him. Oh, I remember, he was the man with Helen that night, she got arrested, so, of course, you know about him. It’s hard for me to realize, Emily, that two years ago you were down here, doing so many things, seeing so many people; and now you're keeping house for George, and going to have a baby in May-” Her pen stopped, and she read what she had written, and then shook her head and took a fresh sheet of paper and copied the first part of her letter over again, omitting this last passage. Then she crumpled the original sheet and dropped it in the waste basket at her side. Genevieve saw the gesture and said in deep amusement: "Must be a love letter, Kay, if it’s so hard to write." Kay nodded, smiling. "It is! It's to Emily!" she said. "You know I adore her! She was at Wellesley, and did so wonderfully there; but now she's married the grocer up in Carvel, and going to have a baby! I started to say something about it to her, but it would only make her feel bad." Her eyes were hot. "Oh, it makes me so mad!" "I like grocers," Genevieve protested cheerfully. "They have such nice vegetables! What would we do for vitamins if there were no grocers, child?" Kay laughed in spite of herself. "She was in love, when... She was a college girl,” she said. "You know Helen Ripley. It was her brother, Dane. I've never met him. Helen told me last week that he's coming over for the Yale game. He must be a peach, or Emily wouldn't have liked him as much as she did. He gave her a rush down here, but then he never followed it up. And then there was a boy up there, a Tech man. But he moved away. So she married George! "And that," Kay agreed grimly, "is why I made Chick Rantoul give me a job. I won't go back to Carvel, ever, positively." (To be continued.) BEAUTIFUL TAKOMA PARK, MD. 603 Garland Avenue Never Such a Open Sunday Bargain at A.M. to 9 P.M. $7,450 Week Days, by Appt. Six rooms—3 bed rooms, 2 tiled baths; wood-burning fireplace, unusual 11x28 recreation room, knotted pine panelling. Brick and frame construction, English type. Slate roof, Rockwood insulation. Furred walls. Fenestra steel sash windows. Copper screens, metal weather stripping, automatic heat and refrigeration. Modern insulated gas range. Detached and lendscapped, beautiful trees and shrubbery. 20 minutes downtown. Near schools, churches, stores, and transportation. To Rooch: Out Carroll Avenue past Sanitarium 2 blocks, to Garland Avenue. Turn left. Drive 1/2 blocks to new house on right. R. E. ORANGE, Owner & Builder Silver Spring, Md. Shepherd 1653-W M.7,."'{'HAPPY NEW YEAR" fl 5600 NEW HAMPSHIRE AVE. ft TA CORNER NEW HAMPSHIRE. LONGFELLOW A N. CAPITOL STS. All brick, center hall, 6 rooms, 2 baths, slate roof; copper flashing, gutters and spouts; furred walls; 11 rock wool insulation; Murphy door kitchen cabinets; reversible kitchen electric fan; electric refrigeration; Bryant De Luxe gas heating plant; recreation room. $9,950 IMMEDIATE possession. A, heated. This is a beautiful new home situated 11 today & DAILY on a landscaped lot. There are three streets wide street frontages and an unobstructed view. It faces Government Park. Parking. HENRY K. JAWISH INVESTMENT BLDG. owner, Dl. 5014 ft. YOU ARE CORDIALLY INVITED TO INSPECT THIS NEWLY FURNISHED HOME 21 Cedar Parkway, Chevy Chase, Md. OPEN SUNDAY 2 P.M. to 9 P.M. Drakes by U. A. A. (furniture) west of blocks to Cedar Street. By All Means See Wardman's 1936 Offering 10 Sold in This New Group. Sample House, 628 Powhatan PI. N.W. Between Rittenhouse and Peabody Sts. $7,350 Six Rooms—2 Baths—Built-in Garage—Recreation Room—Electric Refrigeration—Slate Roof—Furred Wolls—and Weather Stripping. HARRY WARDMAN, INC. . 1512 K St. District 3830 Life's Worth Living in a Wardman Home 1 Pohick Lodge Christmas Gifts to Santa Claus These chimneys should please Santa after his struggles with those in the city. The cottage, the stream beside it and the pines and cedars, are especially attractive in winter, are good subjects for your Christmas cards if you want originality. 7 rooms, bath, lavatory, 19 acres. $19,000. Open After 11 Sunday Go by the Richmond Pike to 14 miles south of Alexandria; or by Mt. Vernon to the Pike and 5 miles south. Louis P. Shoemaker 1719 K St. N.W. National 1166 OPEN SUNDAY FOR INSPECTION 5007 13th St. N.W. SURE to see this home in one of Washington's finest home sections. Six rooms and bath, buckwheat blower, detached garage, large lot. BARGAIN PRICE. DRIVE OUT 2 Tower Bldg. 3100 Realtor See This Today New—Low Price—$11,500 An Exceptional Value 5347 32nd St., Chevy Chase, D.C. Corner Military Road New brick dwelling. Convenient terms. 3 large bedrooms, 2 tiled baths, finished third floor. Attractive living room, dining room, breakfast room and Electric Health Kitchen. Gas heat. Garage. High elevation. Edw. H. Jones & Co In Inc. 5520 Conn. Ave. Cleveland 2300 Only $9,450 TERMS ARRANGED An Unusual Value 1407 N. Wayne St., Clarendon, Va. Luxurious Economy NESTLING in a large wooded lot in nearby Clarendon, a beautiful new, 2-story brick house is waiting for TOC. It's only one block from the bus and car line, and is convenient to EVERYTHING. You have six large modern rooms, recreation room, exceptionally large and modern tiled bath with shower, and extra lavatory for the master bedroom. The house is entirely screened, including the porch. Laundry, garage. Completely weather stripped. The house, heated and lighted, is open for your inspection daily and Sunday. Drive out and inspect it now! A&B Developing Co. 2116 Wilson Boulevard Clarendon, Va. Phone Walnut 7625 Experienced Advertisers Prefers The Star A A.
adventurersoreg01skingoog_4	US-PD-Books	Public Domain	On the south and west the inflowing streams of the Athabaska and the Peace linked him on the one hand to the Saskatchewan VaUey and on the other to. the Rocky Mountains. To the east lay a chain of lakes and streams stretching towards the rivers entering Hudson Bay. And to the north a tre- mendous river, issuing from Lake Athabaska, gath- ered up its mighty waters in the Great Slave Lake and moved on through the northern forests. This river was unknown. Beyond the Great \ Slave Lake no white man had followed its course to the Frozen Sea. Nor had any white man yet penetrated the Rocky Mountains and reached the Pacific by land. Both these achievements fell , to the glory of Alexander Mackenzie. In the summer of 1789 he discovered and explored to the Arctic the great river now known as the Macken- zie. And three years later, he passed up the Peace River, crossed the Rockies, and, on July 22, 1793, painted his name in red letters on a rock beside the Pacific Ocean. 96 ADVENTURERS OF OREGON Mackenzie's Odyssey was soon the gossip and song of the whole North. In Rupert's Land, building forts for the Hudson's Bay Company^ was a young surveyor named David Thompson, who was greatly disturbed by it and discontented. He, too, wished to cross the mountains and explore. His ambition was to survey and map the whole of the great Northwest, to pierce the mystery of the wilderness with the clear light of science. But Thompson's pleas to the Company fell on deaf ears. He was too good a trader and altogether too yalu- able a man to send awandering. The North-West Company, however, would give him his opportu- nity if the Hudson's Bay Company would not. So it came about that Thompson, on May 23, 1797, being then at Deer Lake, wrote in his journal: "This Day I left the service of the Hudson's Bay Company and entered that of the Company of the Merchants from Canada. May God Almighty prosper me." Thompson received his instructions at Grand Portage in June, the month after he entered the Company's service. He was to survey and map the fur country, showing the geographical position of the forts, and to find the forty-ninth parallel, which was to mark the boundary between the TBGE EEIGN OF THE TRAPPER 97 American and British Northwests. He was to go south to the Missouri and explore the sites of ancient villages, hunt for fossils, and learn what he could of the ancient history of the country. For the rest he could follow his heart's desire; and his progress would be facilitated by orders on the trad- ing posts for whatever he needed in men and goods. His was the biggest dream of all. Other men sought one river; but to Thompson the River of the West was only as a single brook on the great map he meant to make of the whole Northwest. Thompson set out from Grand Portage, to be on trail almost continuously for nine years. In that time he ranged from Great Slave Lake to the Mis- souri, traced the headwaters of the Mississippi, entered the Rocky Mountains from the head of the Saskatchewan, made numbers of geographical sketches and scientific notes on the country from the Rockies to Hudson Bay and the Great Lakes, and surveyed the shores of Lake Superior.' His labors were by no means ended. In 1807 he 41 Thompson was an exceedingly accurate and methodical surveyoE^" says Mr. J. B. Tyrrell of the Geological Survey of Canada, the editor of Thompson's NarrcUive; "it was my good fortune to travel over the same routes that he had travelled a century before, and while my instruments may have been belief than his, his surv^s and observations were invariably found;tQ have; an accuracy that left little or nothing to be desired.* 7 08 ADVENTURERS OP OREGON crossed the Rockies. He spent four years on the Cblumbia and its tributaries, building forts and trading with new tribes; returning to the Nor- westers' forts east of the mountains from time to time with large packs of furs. He was thus the first man to make a detailed survey of those parts of Idaho, Montana, Washington, and British Columbia which are watered by the Columbia or by its source and branch streams. A rare man was David Thompson — a little man, but every inch of him an inch of power. Ex- cept for his short stature he might readily have passed for an Indian with his jet black hair cut straight across his forehead, fringing his brows, with his black eyes, and his tanned cheeks painted with Nature's vermilion. An associate has left this description of him: "Never mind his Bun- yan-like face and cropped hair: he has a very powerful mind and a singular faculty of picture- making. He can create a wilderness and people it with warring savages, or climb the Rocky Moun- tains with you in a snow storm, so clearly and palpably, that only shut your eyes and you hear the crack of the rifle, or feel the snow flakes melt on your cheeks as he talks."' In fort or on trail • « Bigsby, The Shoe and Canoe, THE REIGN OP THE TRAPPER 99 Thompson ruled his men like a benevolent master; and he was a law to himself, whatever the orders of his Company. He would have no liquor with his brigades ; he would not use it in trade. Once two of the partners, Donald McTavish and John Mc- Donald of Garth — whom we shall meet later — compelled him to take some kegs of whiskey for trade with the tribes in the mountains. Thomp- son selected a vicious, unbroken horse to pack the kegs and then let it go through the defiles at its own gait. The horse was in perfect sympathy with Thompson's ideas — only spUnters of the kegs re- mained when the brigade reached the trading post — and Thompson reported that he felt sure the same costly accident would occur if another un- wise attempt were made to transport liquor across the mountains. Devoutly religious, Thompson sought the spirit- ual welfare of the voyageurs and coureurs-deAnns who traveled with him. He preached the moral life, a manhood sprung from the Godhead and confident in its source, brotherly and equitable, finding its joys not in excesses of the senses but in self-mastery. Seldom passed an evening in camp that Thompson did not read aloud three chapters, from the Old Testament and three chapters from 100 ADVENTDRERS OF OREGON the New, and then expound their . meaiung in *most extraordinarily pronounced French.' By the rushing Saskatchewan, among the snow wastes of Athabaska, on the bleak crags of the Rocky Mountains, this prophet in buckskin, like Isaiah of old, called to a primitive people, "Make straight in the wilderness a highway for our God." While Thompson was searching for the soiuxjc of the Columbia, another Nor'wester, Simon Fraser, also exploring beyond the mountains, far north of the Columbia, discovered the Fraser River and followed it down to the widening of its mouth near the sea. The journals of Fraser, Mackenzie, Thompson, and the elder Henry, like those of Lewis and Clark, are records of heroism as well as of discovery; and they are the earliest epics of the Great West. The ideal of sheer manhood pitted against vast and primal Nature, which is the underlying theme of these journals, still animates the literature of the West: but it is doubtful if any of the later writings present that ideal more faithfully than do the journals of these old explorers. Unconsciously, out of his deep sincerity, Thompson makes himself •kfiown to us as the Star-Man, the name given him : by some of the tribes, by day and night on the THE REIGN OF THE TRAPPER 101 plains and the mountains, taking observations with hisprimitiveinstruments,sothat by the fixed law of the heavens he might at last bring the whole of that vast unknown land into the clear apprehension and, so, into the service of mankind. No finer touch of art than his is needed to picture for us this trader- astronomer and his small band of half a dozen men, almost out of food, pressing slowly and pain- fully through the dense snows of Athabaska Pass — where the dogs seemed to "swim in the road beat by the snowshoes," and, so high lay their route, that the stars looked to be within hands' reach — while somewhere behind them, as they knew, in close pursuit followed a warrior band of the fierce Piegans. Nor could literary imagination conceive of a more dramatic escape than the one he narrates without comment. The Indians came upon his trail in the moimtains, and, perceiving the helpless situation of their quarry, knowing they had but to advance and kill, were stopped by the sight of three huge bears which emerged from the rocks and stood across the Star-Man's tracks. There the Piegans turned back, understanding that the Great Spirit had sent the bears to protect his son, for, as they said, "we all believe the Great Spirit speaks to you in the night when you are 102 ADVENTURERS OF OREGON looking at the Moon and Stars and tells you of what we know nothing." Qjie line from Thompson's pen lays bare the explorer's heart, when, following the mystifying bends and doublings of the upper Columbia, he cried out: "God give me to see where its waters flow into the ocean!" There was another side to the life of the Nor'- westers. Whatever their lot, whether in fort or afield or in the countinghouse district of Montreal, they took life gaily. Their Beaver Club, on Beaver Hall Hill in Montreal, was a famous place. It was an exclusive club. No partner was eligible for membership in it unless he had spent at least one winter in the North. Men who had gone hardily through the rough life of a winter in le pays d^En Haul could be relied upon to keep the Beaver Club from stagnating, at any rate, and a right rollicking place they made of it, from all accounts, as they met o'nights to eat and drink, to toast the King and each other and all the lads of the North conglomerately and severally. Spring was above all others the season of un- bounded joy, for in spring the brigades came in with their furs. Then it was that hilarity broke away from the confining walls of the Beaver Club and resounded through the streets and taverns of THE REIGN OF THE TRAPPER 108 Montreal and along the bank of the St. Lawrence. On these nights, as April glided into May, fiddles screeched and voyageurs and trappers jigged and sang by the gleaming camp fires beside the river, while some of their comrades sprawled on the ground whiflSng the beloved "tabac"; and betimes Indian drums sounded under the scream of the fiddles — like the undertone of booming surf in a shrill wind — to the paddiag of the feet of Indian trappers in the wild buffalo and wolf dances. No less boisterous would be the scene in the candle-lighted banquet room of the Beaver Club, where sat lusty Scots wearing gold-braided uni- forms, eating and drinking from silver salvers and goblets, all engraved with the Clubs crest — a beaver — and the motto, Fortitude in Distress. While from the river's bank rose the strains of the voyageur's song — Lui-ya longtemps que je faimej Jamais je ne foublierai — " or the roar and bellow of the buffalo cry from the trampling Indian dancers whirling with their pine- knot torches, the revelers in the Beaver Club poured still another libation to the lads of, the North. A McTavish or a McKay danced the IM ADVENTURERS OF OREGON Highland sword-dance, to the plaudits and quaf- fings about the board. Fortitude in Distress ! On two thousand miles of peril they had proved again that the brigades of the Nor' westers were manned by the swiftest, the hardiest, and the boldest men who roamed the wilds. At length came the con- cluding ceremony, a tribute to the voyageur. The lordly Nor' westers and their guests knelt on the floor and, with tongs, pokers, canes, or whatever would serve their purpose, imitated the canoeman's swift, rhythmic strokes, while they sang in rousing chorus one of his favorite paddle-songs. When by river, lake, and portage the canoe bri- gades arrived early in summer at Fort William on Lake Superior, even wilder scenes were enacted. The Nor' westers did not own Montreal; but Fort William was theirs, and at Fort William they made such laws and social conventions as pleased them. The fort held a huge banquet hall where two hun- dred men could feast at their ease. Portraits of the King and of Nelson adorned the rough walls. But the picture most contemplated, no doubt, was the large map of the fur country drawn by David ' Built by the NorVesters in 1803, on British soil, forty milet north of Grand Portage, their former Lake Superior headquarteri after some unwelcome visits from American customs officers THE REIGN OF THE TRAPPER 105 Thompson. The fare on the rude tables was not inferior to that prepared in the Beaver Club, for the best French chefs, at lordly hire, had been cajoled to endanger their art and their lives on rapids and whirlpools in order to cook venison steaks and buffalo tongues to a king's taste in Fort William, To a Nor' westerns nice palate there was, it seems, nothing incongruous in a buffalo's tongue served up in one of those seductive sauces with which a Pompadour or a Montespan had once essayed to recapture the butterfly heart of her monarch. The finest of wines had also been carried over the long route to give tang to the wel- come home. And, when the last drop was drained, the casks were rolled out on the floor and such Nor'westers as could still keep semblance of a balance would sit astride of them shouting and smging. Among the feasters were traders from the Far North — some of whom wintered on the Mackenzie River. Fort William was all that these outlanders ever saw of civilization. Here for a short time once a year they spoke with white men, ate and drank and clasped hands with their kind. One of the events of this yearly gathering was the buffalo hunt. It was not only for pemmican and dried meat that the trapper hunted the buffalo. 106 ADVENTUREBS OP OREGON ^ He needed the skins for dothing and for bedding, for the making of his tent and bulIboat and saddle. The bone was put to various uses, supplement- ing the trapper's steel weiqions; and the sinew sometimes served as thread or cord. The trappers mounted and rode westward to their favorite hunting grounds in the country of the Mandans. Between the Saskatchewan and the Missouri lay one of the greatest buffalo ranges, where these animals roamed in such numbers that often a single herd was known to take several days to pass a given point; and the plains were plowed deep with their trails leading to and from their drinking-places. Sometimes the white trappers followed the favorite hunting methods of the Indian members of their fraternity, which were either to drive the buffalo over a cliff, for hunters stationed below to make an end of by rifle or bow and arrow, or to decoy them into a corral. This latter was ac- complished by an Indian in a buffalo robe, skilled in the native art of mimicry. As a rule, however, the trappers preferred a fair field and no favor. They rode down on the herd, singled out their quarry, and fired the first shots that started the stampede. Then not only the hunter's skillful rid- ing and his accuracy of aim but the intelligence THE REIGN OP THE TRAPPER 107 and speed of his horse were required to keep the battle an even one. For a stumble, a misstep, an instant's slowness in wheeling and dodging, meant death to the himter and his mount. After the hunt and, of course, the feast which celebrated it the trappers prepared the meat and skins for winter use. All must now be made ready for the time when they should set forth to trap. Weapons were overhauled by the smith. The trapper's garments were cut and fashioned — by his Indian ¥nf e, probably, for the gates of the fort were wide open to the tawny belles of the plains. Nothing too simple in style was considered good sartorial art. The trapper must have his mocca- sins plentifully beaded or worked with brightly dyed quills, and his leggings and jacket must be fringed. He was forced to go without the little bells or jingling bits of metal in which the canoe- man rejoiced, for his task of stalking wild animals necessitated a silent wardrobe. But he could have a bright sash, wonderful gauntlets, a beaded cap, as well as a fur one for cold weather, fur pouches for powder and shot, and perhaps a beaded bear's or swan's foot pouch for his tobacco. With these added to his hunting suit, the trapper considered himself appropriately tailored. Sometimes a cap 108 ADVENTURERS OF OREGON mounted with horns or furry ears was included in the trousseau in which he was to wed the white Solitude. This was an Indian hunter's device for deceiving wild animals where the man must cross open snowy spaces to get within range. Other methods also the trapper practised to conceal his presence from the creatures of the wilderness. When he set his traps, he trailed the hide of a freshly killed deer over his tracks to obscure the man-smeU; and if he had handled his traps without deer hide on his hands, he smeared them with an oily substance extracted from the beaver, which served also as a bait. It might be that the gaily fringed and hand- somely accoutered trapper, who set out with buoy- ant heart as the snows fell, would return with wealth in his pack. It might be that he would never re- turn. The bait in his traps would lure other beasts than the beaver or fox or mink he invited; and, to the wolf-pack, the man-smell caused no fear. While the Nor' westers were thus spreading the trapper's kingdom towards the northern and west- em oceans, the traders of St. Louis were not letting the time pass unimproved. Lewis and Clark had opened the way for them to expand their trade. THE REIGN OP THE TRAPPER 109 Not idly or casually had Jefferson instructed Lewis to form trading relations with the Indians along the Missouri. In the year after the return of the great expedition, Manuel Lisa, a Spanish trader, formed a partnership with Drouillard, who had been with Lewis and Clark, and ascended the Missouri to the Yellowstone. On the way he met the lone explorer and trapper, John Colter, and easily persuaded him to turn back. Up the Yel- lowstone they went, into the country of the war- like and pilfering Crows, to the mouth of the Bfg Horn. Here Lisa built a fort and opened trade. In the following year (1808) the Missouri Fur Com- pany was organized with William Clark and Lisa as two of the partners ; and in another two years the company had built trading posts in the Mandan towns and at Three Forks. Not unhampered did the Missouri Fur Com- pany's brigades, led by Lisa and Drouillard, pass upon the river highway; aild it was believed by them and their friends that the Indians who fired volleys at their pirogues were set upon them by the Nor'westers to discourage the invasion of what those autocratic fur barons considered to be their territory. Drouillard, who was in charge of the post at Three Forks, was waylaid and killed by 110 ADVENTURERS OP OREGON Blackf eet while he was out hunting in the Jefferson Valley, in the year that the fort was built. Colter was captured by Indians of the same tribe. His courageous demeanor so impressed the Blackfeet that they gave the white man a chance for his life. Colter was stripped even to his moccasins, led out a hundred yards or so on to the plain and told to run. His run for life by which he miraculously escaped should long ago have inspired some maker of ballads. After a race of six miles over the plain, which was covered with prickly pear, he cast the Indians oflf his trail by diving under a raft in the river where he hid until the Blackfeet gave up the search. Then he swam downstream, landed, and traveled for seven days, naked, without weapons, his feet full of thorns, until he reached Lisa's fort on the Yellowstone. The next notable figure on the fur-trading field was John Jacob Astor of New York. Astor was planning a vast scheme which involved the estab- lishment of trading posts on the Columbia, a chain of posts across the plains — ^in fact, the control of the entire . fur trade of the continent. He was acquainted with the Nor' westers, having bought furs from them for some years for his New York trade, and was anxious for them to join him in his enterprise on the Columbia if the matter could be THE BEI6N OP THE TRAPPER 111 arranged. As a preliminary step, ke proposed that he and they should buy out the Maddnaws and thus remove a rival from the trade about the Lakes. It suited the Nor' westers to help Astor obliterate the Maddnaws, which was finally done, but further than that his plans for mastery of the fur trade met with no sympathy from them. In particular they '^ disliked his views with regard to posts on the Pacific Coast, for they were themselves about to petition the British Government for a charter for a monopoly of the trade west and immediately east' of the Rockies; and it had been with this purpose in mind that they had sent Thompson and Fraser on their journeys of exploration. Now ap- peared this cloud, Astor the American, on their bright horizon. The leading partners had a con- ference with Thompson'; and although there seems 'Territory drained by the Athabaska and Mackenzie rivers and therefore not within the chartered domain of the Hudson's Bay Company. 'On June 28, 1810, Alexander Henry, the younger, at the North- West Company's southernmost post on the Athabaska wrote in his journal, * Mr. Thompson embarked with his family for Montreal in a light canoe with five men." Since Thompson was traveling light, the inference is that he was speeding to Mon- treal in response to orders just received by the brigade returning from that point, though he may have received his final instruc- tions at Fort William on the way East and have gone no further. His journals are silent on this point. '^ . t Gray la-®-^ , -D wet o^ , in 1^ ,,i to CHAPTER IV THE TONQUIN If in these dawning hours of the Great West the trapper was lord of the land, the ruler of the waters along the Northwest Coast was the Indian hunter of sea-otter — a dark-skinned Neptune with spear for trident. The sea-otter trade, initiated by the Russians and advertised by Cook, had grown largely since the adventures of John Meares and Robert ) Gray. And it was almost wholly an American trade. By 1801 fifteen American vessels, nearly all from Boston, were trading with the natives on the Pacific; and in that year fourteen thousand pelts were shipped and sold in China at an average of thirty dollars apiece. So it was that in the year 1810 John Jacob Astor of New York was preparing to capture the trade of the Northwest Coast, and the Nor'westers in Montreal were conferring with David Thompson to defeat him. That Astor had in mind the sea-otter 8 113 114 ADVENTURERS OP OREGON trade when he decided to send a ship round the Horn, as well as an expedition overland, is not to be doubted. He would place the Tonquin in the sea-otter trade on the Coast and build posts for the land trade in beaver on the Columbia and at suitable points across the continent. Thus he would control a mighty fur-trading system reach- , ing from the Great Lakes to the Pacific Ocean and on to China and India. It was a bold plan worthy of the genius and imagination of this pioneer of American commerce. Meanwhile a similar idea had entered the Rus- sian mind. In 1806 the Inspector at New Arch- angel, Alaska, had urged his Government to found a settlement at the mouth of the Columbia and to build a battleship for the purpose of driving the American traders away. His enterprising sugges- tion went further. He pointed out that, from the settlement on the Columbia, the Russians could advance southward to San Francisco and ''in the course of ten years we should become strong enough to make use of any favorable turn in European politics to include the coast of California in the Russian possession." That the Russians planned / to descend upon the Columbia in 1810, a Boston trader named Winship learned from his brother. THE TONQUIN 115 also a trading captain; and he ma4e haste to fore- stall them. Early in the spring, Winship ran his vessel up the Columbia, sowed grain, and began building on a low spit which he named Oak Point. Indian hostility compelled him to abandon the undertaking, and he departed with the intent to return next year in force sufBcient to cope with the savages. Winship's attempt at occupancy amounted to nothing in itself, but his presence on the river that year caused a postponement of the Russians' secret design. But for this Boston sea- man the story of Old Oregon might not now find place in the history of the United States. Two \ years later, in 1812, came just such a "favorable turn" as the forward-looking Inspector at New Archangel had been on the lookout for. While England was warring with Napoleon and Madison, and while Americans were intent on the conquest of Canada, an expansive Russia soundly established on the River of the West, with armored brigs to chase away American traders, might well have laid a locking grasp upon the coast from Alaska to Cali- fornia. Indeed, the War of 1812 had hardly more than begun when Russian traders stole down to Bodega, California, and, with the permission of the Spanish authorities, erected a trading post. 116 ADVENTDEERS OP OREGON This trading post they subsequently transformed into a fort from which they refused to budge despite the indignant cries raised by Spain. The belief prevailed among American traders that alien influences were at work among the sav- ages. In 1803 occurred the seizure of the jBo^fon and the massacre of the crew at Nootka by Maquinna's tribe. And in 1805 the savages attacked another Boston ship trading in Millbank Sound and mur- dered the captain and a number of the crew. Rus- sian vessels were at this time cruising south- ward and were in the habit of calling at Nootka and at the mouth of the Columbia. No proof was advanced, however, of Russian complicity in these attacks. It was plain that the time had come for a fort to be erected at the mouth of the Columbia — the time for occupation to attest ownership. On that subject, as we have seen, the Russians, the Cana- dian Nor'westers, and the American Astor were all agreed. The question was, which of the three should build the fort? Of John Jacob Astor's early life not a great deal is known. He was bom of poor parents in 176S at Waldcwrf, a village near Heidelberg in Genoiany. I I i THE TONQUIN 117 At sixteen he worked in a butcher's shop belonging to his father. Then he ran oflF to London. There, four years later, he learned that a brother had gone to America; and this news, coupled with his vision of money to be made in America, prompted him to try his fortune in the New World. It would seem that his thrift and his business acumen had already achieved results, for the yoimg man who had arrived in London a penniless lad left for America on a ship sailing for Baltimore with a small collection of goods for trade. He reached New York some time in 1784. Here, following the advice of a fur- rier he had met in Baltimore, he exchanged his merchandise for furs and returned in the same year to London, where he disposed of his peltry at a good profit. He had found the right road to fortune. Ten years later he had established a profitable business and was purchasing furs in large quantities from the North-West Company of Montreal for shipment to Europe and China. Li 1808 Astor incorporated by charter from the State of New York the American Fur Company, with a capital of one million dollars supplied by himself. Soon afterwards he combined with the NorVesters, as we have seen, to buy out the Mackinaws, whose American trade was turned over IIB ADVENTUBEKS OF OREGON to him with the proviso that he should not trade in Great Britain or her colonies. Astor's magnificent .plan was taking shape. His acquisition of the trading posts of the Mackinaws in Wisconsin was the first link forged in the great chain which he in- tended to stretch across the continent and which should bind under his control the whole fur trade of the United States. However little he knew of the Nor* westers' ulterior plans, he saw that they were spreading overland towards the Pacific; and, wishing to eliminate them as rivab, he proposed that they should join with him in the Columbia trade and offered them an interest of one-third. He was also planning to conciliate the Russians and to gain control of the Pacific coast trade to China. Probably he saw, in his invitation to the Nor- westers, the first step towards control of their Canadian and British trade, also, and so, towards ultimate mastery of the whole traffic of North America in pelts. And probably the Nor' westers saw what Astor saw, namely, the final elimination of themselves, even as by a coalition they had helped him to eliminate the Mad^aws, for they refused his offer and made swift plans for a descent upon the Columbia. Astor took up the gage of battle and went on THE TONQUIN 119 with the organization of his Pacific Fur Company : for trade on the Pacific Coast. He believed that he would conquer his rivals and finally drive them from the new field beyond the Rocky Mountains. The Nor'westers had no sea-going ships. Their furs must reach Montreal from the West through Fort William by a long and perilous inland route; therefore, the farther x/estward they pushed their activities, the greater became their difficulties and their expenses in bringing their furs to market. On the other hand, Astor would have not only his cross-country chain of forts from St. Louis on the south and the Great Lakes on the north to the Columbia, but his sea-going Tonquin and in time other vessels as required. By sea, he would ship supplies to the forts on the Columbia, and from headquarters at the mouth of that river he would ship the furs to Canton, while his trading posts to be built along the Missouri would be supplied by pirogues from St. Louis and would, in turn, send their furs by the same means to that city. Astor knew what was the chief factor in the spectacular rise of the North- West Company — its men. And he realized that, if his superior advantages in other respects were to count at their full value in the battle before him, he too 120 ADVENTURERS OF OREGON must have men of the same stamina and experience. Where should he look for them? In the North- West Company itself, of course, for the Nor'- westers had no peers. He therefore opened the war by detaching from the Nor Vesters several of their "winterers" and clerks. He enticed to join him, among others, Alexander Mackay, the great Mac- kenzie's companion in exploration, David Stuart of Labrador, and his nephew Robert Stuart, Duncan McDougal, and some clerks from Montreal, includ- ing Ross and Franchere, the authors of the diaries which are our chief sources of information con- cerning the enterprise. But Astor needed more than partners and clerks: he needed also some of those French-Canadian voyageurs who served with paddle and pole in the Nor' westers' canoe brigades between Montreal and Fort William. He enlisted into his service a number of these, and they came in a body with their canoes down the Hudson to New York. Having recruited his men, Astor proceeded to carry out the first part of his plan, which involved making ready for sea his ship, the Tcnujuin^ and sending it round the Horn to the Columbia, with # several of his new partners and servants aboard. On the Columbia they would choose a suitable THE TONQUm 121 site and erect a fort, which McDougal would com- mand, while the Tonquin mider Captain Thorn would ply along the coast for trade. The Tonquin was a vessel of some 290 tons, mounting ten guns and carrying a crew of about twenty-one- men. Her captain, Jonathan Thorn, was a naval officer on leave of absence. He was a man of rigid determination, a believer in iron dis- cipline, and easily moved to wrath by the smallest infringement of the hide-boimd rules and proprieties of his code; a faithful, loyal man, but without the least understanding of human nature, and too lacking in imagination to have any sympathy or good feeling towards persons who were diflFer- ent from himself and whose characters, therefore, could not commend themselves to him. Thorn took his responsibihty towards Astor very seri- ously. Doubtless he was prepared to die bravely and, if need be, go down with his ship in his em- ployer's interest and for the honor of his flag. But what his employer's interests required of the skip- per of the Tonquin was most of all humor and tact ia dealing with the passengers. And neither hu- mor nor tact was at all mentioned in any seaman's manual ever perused by Captain Jonathan Thorn. / He took one look at the ' winterers" and their 1» ADVENTURERS OF OREGON voyageuTs and despised them on sight for a Bhabby, roistering set of braggarts. He saw the partners sit- ting among the canoemen — no naval commando* ever sat thus with deck-swabbers! — smoking with them, passing the pipe from mouth to mouth in Indian fashion (a custom which affronted his sani- tary soul) and roaring with them in chorus the in- ntmierable verses ot A la claire fontaine, or Mair hrouch. And he immediately wrote to Astor, in effect urging him to get rid of these noisy, useless knaves, who would do his project no good, besides being an offense to the eyes of a tidy man. When, at the first roll of the sea, partners, clerks, and voyageurs were overcome by seasickness. Thorn knew for certain that not one of them had ever done a man's job in his life. They were falsifiers and fabricators. They had never seen the fur coimtry where they claimed to have experienced wild adventures; they had gone no farther into the wilderness than the waterfront of Montreal; they were waiters, barbers, draymen, and scallywags. He doubted much if any one of the voyageurs had ever dipped a paddle. In Thorn's experience, men who were accustomed to water did not get seasick. Yes, he had them there; it took a sailor to find these rogues out. THE TONQUm 128 And what was the opinion of Thorn current among the ex-Nor' westers and their crew of pad- dlemen? We may readily imagine how the stiff and truculent naval dictator, with his set of rules, ap- - peared to ' Labrador" Stuart and to Mackay 6t Athabasca — Mackay, who had made those mi- raculous journeys with Mackenzie — men whose swift initiative had, time and time again, saved themselves and their comrades from sudden peril in the wilds. The voyageurs probably wondered by what right Thorn gave himself such airs, since all he had to do was to stand on the deck of a large stoutly made boat while the winds took it over the waves of broad open water without an obstruction. Put him in a frail bark canoe and let him run the boiling rapids, with great rocks, gnashing like the teeth of a devouring monster, to grind him to splinters. Would he, by a deft paddle-stroke, or a thrust of the pole, whirl his craft aside and send it flying past those jaws, like a feather on the spume? 'CrayezI Moiyj^rCV craispcis!" Into this mutual non-admiration society Astor sent farewell letters filled with wise advice. The partners were assured that Captain Thorn was a strict disciplinarian, a severe man, whose favor they should cultivate by very circumspect behavior; and 124 ADVENTURERS OF OREGON Thorn was advised to prevent misunderstandings and to inspire the passengers with a spirit of good humor at all times. Here then was a setting and a cast prepared for either an excellent comedy or a bitter tragedy, according as circumstances should direct. On September 8, 1810, the Tonquin was on her way out of the harbor of New York. That she yjfBS convoyed by the ConMiiution brings to mind certain facts and assumptions which have an ob- hque bearing on the subsequent history of Astor's enterprise. While the American Government did not take any. part in Astor's venture, its attitude was sympathetic. It may be said that he had the Government's moral support in his large schemes for cornering the fur trade. And he had been readily granted an armed convoy to guard the Ton- quin beyond the point where, it was rumored, a British man-of-war waited its chance to stop As- tor's vessel and impress the Canadians aboard of her. The presence of the British vessel was sup- posed to be due to the machinations of the North- West Company. But that supposition hardly shows agreement in motive with another assump- tion, namely, that some of the ex-Nor' westers on board the Tonquin, McDougal in particular, were THE TONQUIN 125 still more loyal to their old company than to Astor. To be impressed into the British Navy would have prevented the opportunity they might have later to play the game on the coast in the interests of their Montreal friends. Some of them had already related Astor's plans to the British consul in New York; and all of them had deceived Astor in the matter of the American naturalization on which he had insisted. The British man-of-war is suffi- ciently accounted for by the fact that England, in the midst of the colossal struggle with Napoleon, needed seamen and was not over particular how she got them. All Hghts out and under convoy, the Tonquin slipped by safely and headed south. The salt air gave the passengers lively appetites- They demanded food at all hours and cursed the sea-biscuit that mocked palates yearning for veni- son steaks. Thorn's disgust increased "daily. He viewed with contempt the various clerks who sat on deck scribbling down in their journals every- thing new to them that passed upon wave or sky. Did the ship sail by an island that looked inviting? At once there was a clamor to land and explore. There was almost a riot on board because Thorn refused to let his passengers off on the coast of I 4 V % I ( I ( 1 • I ) V l^- (' -■ U « re.. </:/ Uii tor' hor. W\\st V. ^5 vv OREGON -<^' • -. ^ -t^ar cu tiie natrres >^<r - .- ^^i^y :c- ■V.- -" .' "^t^ -^-X- V >o Lie :i— »Ji' -tnJCTrvL ivh^ aUll -ct ,^ v'l '.v.e miiLLer to i^^ cmpioyer, ^... ci "vraa ana a^aert: liiat it , .v^vor s davonTage if ti« men .lu- * ^^ Tirobabie uiat diis THE TONQUIN 127 incident did little to improve the relations between the captain and the partners, for discord continued unmterruptedly throughout the voyage, waxing fierce off Robinson Crusoe's island in the Pacific, where the passengers wished to collect souvenirs. On the 25th of December the Tonquin rounded Cape Horn and on the 12th of February put in at Hawaii and anchored in the bay of Karakakooa. Astor had given instructions as to the treatment of the natives of Hawaii, because he intended to establish trade with them. The ex-Norwesters were thoroughly at home when it came to making the right impression on the Hawaiians. They had had experience in making friends with savages and knew that visits and coimcils and gifts, with- out haste, were the proper means. Thorn was in- terested only in securing a supply of hogs and fresh water for the ship, and he saw nothing but childish dilly-dallying in the conduct of his passengers with the natives. " Frantic gambols," Thorn called the whole procedure. The partners had distributed firearms to their men, while at Hawaii, so that no possible act of treachery on the part of the natives should catch them unprotected. But Thorn suspected them of plotting to seize the ship. He had visions of a 128 ADVENTURERS OF OREGON bloody mutiny in which he would be deposed, per- haps murdered, and Astor's enterprise' wouI<l be ruined. He must have made his suspicion known, for the partners were soon playing upon it. They would make furtive signs, cease speaking English and converse in Gaelic, whenever Thorn ca>'.e by. He wrote to Astor warning him about lhe>e ' mysterious and unwarranted" conversations. On March 22, 1811, the Tonqjdn stood off Cape Disappointment. There was a high wind and a rough sea. On the hidden sand bars stretching almost across the entrance to the bay, the surf pounded and roared and leaped like Niagara. The ship hove to about three leagues from shore; and the Captain ordered Fox, the mate, with another sailor and three voya- geurs, to take out the whaleboat and seek the chan- nel. Fox begged for seamen to man the boat; but Thorn insisted that they could not be spared from their tasks on the ship. In desperation Fox ap- pealed to the partners. They, in turn, argued with Thorn. The dangers were apparent. The whale- boat was a small ramshackle affair not fit to dare such a sea as now raced over the bar; the voyageurs were skilled in their special work as canoemen, but they had no knowledge of the sea. Fox was THE TONQUIN 129 unfortunate in his emissaries. They merely sti£F- ened the Captain's back. To Thorn, these were the men who had held his ship up while they hunted penguins, who had baited him in Gaelic and mocked his dignity with too much singing. Now they were trying to interfere with his management of his ship, were they? At one o'clock in the afternoon the whaleboat left the ship. Those on deck watched it until it was hidden by the cataracts of surf. All the after- noon they waited for the boat's return with news of the channel. They waited through the night.
github_open_source_100_8_20217	Github OpenSource	Various open source	/* * Copyright 2011, The gwtquery team. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not * use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of * the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under * the License. / package com.google.gwt.query.client.css; import com.google.gwt.dom.client.Style.HasCssName; /* * A clipping region defines what portion of an element's rendered content is * visible. By default, the clipping region has the same size and shape as the * element's box(es). The <i>clip</i> property allows you to modify this * clipping region by defining a shape. / public class ClipProperty extends CssProperty<ClipProperty.Shape> { /* * Object defining a clipping region used as value for <i>clip</i> property. * / public static class Shape implements HasCssName { /* * Define a rectangular shape. */ public static Shape rect(int top, int right, int bottom, int left) { return new Shape("rect(" + top + "px," + right + "px," + bottom + "px," + left + "px)"); } private String value; private Shape(String value) { this.value = value; } public String getCssName() { return value; } } private static final String CSS_PROPERTY = "clip"; public static void init() { CSS.CLIP = new ClipProperty(); } private ClipProperty() { super(CSS_PROPERTY); } }
sn83045830_1908-07-12_1_12_1	US-PD-Newspapers	Public Domain	H. J. LEWIS CO. 2716 Washington Avenue. Big Reductions on All Summer Ready-to-Wear Goods Hosiery 10c. Pair Children's and Misses' Lace Hose in all styles in Black and White. These are the regular 25c Hose. On sale at 10c. Ladies' Hose 15c. Pair Ladies' Hose in plain Black thin Gauze; also in Tan and White. Extra good value. Only 25c. Hose 25c. a pair See our line of Ladies' Hose a 25c in plain Black, Gauze Tan, or White. Misses Sandals 98c Children's and Misses' Sandals In Patent Leather, all sizes. These Sandals sold for $1.99 and $1.50. On sale to close out at 98c. Men's Shirts, 4c All our Men's Negligee Shirts In all colors and styles. All Sizes. These are the 50c Shirts. On sale for 44c. Shirts 69c Neckle All our Men's $1.00 Shirts on sale at 89c. Night Gowns, 98c Ladies' Muslin and Nainsook Night Gowns trimmed with Valenciennes lace or embroidery. These Gowns sold regularly for $1.69. $1.50 and $1.25. To close out at Be, Gowns, 98c Ladies' Muslin Night Gowns, fall sizes, well made and good Muslins. These are the regular $1.00 Gown S. Reduced to 48c. Children's Pants, 10c Children's and Misses' Muslin Fants, the regular 12%c and 15c Pants. Reduced to 10c. Children's Skirts, 25c Children's Muslin Skirts with Waist attached. Only 25c. White Skirts, 43c Ladies' Muslin Underskirts, full sizes, lace trimmed and well made. These are the regular 69c Skirts reduced to 48c. Huj/Zn Skirts 96c Ladies' Muslin Underskirts, well Made and full width, lace or embroidery trimmed. These are the regular $1.50 and $1.25 Skirts. On sale at 98c. Corset Covers, 25c Ladies' Corset Covers, Lace sued, only 25c. Corset Covers, 50c Ladies Corset Covers made of Nainsook, fine Val. lace regular 75c Corset Cover to 50c Skeleton Waists, 25c Children's Skeleton Braced Waist, the best, only 25c. Children's Waist, 10c Children's M. N. Underwear, made of good soft finish linen, patent button. These are the regular $18.00 Waist. On sale at 10c. 56 Inch Taffeta Silk, 78c This is a bargain right. 36 Inch Black Taffeta Silk, the regular $1.25 grade. On sale at 78c. Umbrellas $1.25 Ladies' and Gent's Silk Gloria Umbrellas, the regular $2.50 grade. On sale at $1.25. Umbrellas $2.50 Ladies' or Gents' silk Umbrellas. Variety of handles. These are the regular $400 and $5.00 Umbrellas. On sale at $2.50. Black Underskirts, 98c Ladies Black Mercerized Underskirts, the regular $1.25 and $1.50 grade, on sale at 98c. Shirt Waist 98c Ladies' Shirt Waists, long or short sleeves, embroidered front. These are the regular $150 and $2.50 Waists, on sale for 98c. Shirt Waist at 69c Ladies' Tailor Made Shirt Waist with extra white collar. These Waists are made of fine Madras. Regular $1. Waist Sale price 69c. Skirts, 69c. Ladies' and Misses' White P. K. Skirts, slightly soiled. Regular $2.50 and $3.00 Skirts. On sale at 69c. San Bonnet, 25c. Ladies' and Children's Sun Bonnets in all colors. Only 25c. Kimonos 25c. Ladies' Kimonos in all colors. All styles. Regular 4c and 50c kind. On sale at 25c. Shirt Waist 85c. Ladies' White Shirt Waist, the regular 75c grade, at 48c. Aprons 25c. Ladies' White Aprons, with bib and strings, all widths, also Gingham Aprons in all colors, full rise, only 25c. Window Shades, 25c. Window Shades, sixes 36x32. White and Green. The regular 10c Shade, on sale at 25c. SURE Tev Antonobile aid taucl. R. HOSKINS 132 25th Street do it in the best company and lowest rate. I. Hear Tears Seethe Pain. An abstraction of water and of the humid and chemical substances, at the immediate expense of the cerebral mood, takes place is the act of shedding tears. This produces the effect of a slight local loss of blood, dulling the nerve canters to pain for rest in stances and bringing relief to the weep? er. This is the way in which the sickening was made. Paris Cosmos was W Hiss Sharp?er?Vera." "Yes, Blast knows why I am here as the parlor with me tonight after eight?" "I suppose, Mr. Klneer the girl lately upset. "It's cheaper to de that than take me out any Catholic Standard and Times of the series of entering into of Bassaging had revealed the 78,808 people of eaty for .vy-.v. Ptsrswsu.* ft's a good scheme to one the school yards as public playgrounds. They are co-existent as far as the seas. and the sense will be read by two. A few portable swimmers, as sure as with a few beaches and a sand pile or two will fill the requirements Harrtsburg Telegraph. Find Great Acts Letters. Righteight letters written By Mark Set Answin to Otovnw? Vasen have been ta the arrases of COasjt I Or We The only asm vW nan keep a i tee is re* svaa snaa auwer has to eaav?Mew York Proas. Where the Olympian Games Were Held By Elizabeth B. Caster From Athens to Olympia a long and tedious ride scene of Former Grandeur a Mass of Ruins? Wonderful Statue and Temple That Still Remain- Stadium Filled with Sand? Rural Scenes Apparently Unchanged During 2,000 Years? Few Penetrate Olympia's Solitudes, But the Trip is Well Worth While. (Copyright, by Joseph U. Howells.) (Mrs. Elizabeth Bacon Palmer, widow of the heroic General George A. Caster, who was 85, died, with his command, in the Black Hills by the 810 at the battle of the Little King Horn in 1878, as well known as a vigorous writer. Her books, "Hoots and Huddles," "Tenting on the Plains" and "Following the field" have been widely read. One does not reach the original scene of the athletic games which made Greece so celebrated without some hardships and great taxing of patience. It is a long railway journey from Athens to Hatras, but not uncomfortable. Then comes a night in a hotel that makes you shiver every time you think of it afterward. Next morning there is an early start on such a railroad! The one daily train stops at every vineyard and wine shop apparently and trails along so slowly that it takes one twice the time for the journey that is necessary. There never has been a town at Olympia. It was a district sacred to temples, altars, treasure houses, the palaces of kings and to the celebration of the games. At the ruins at Delphi we had seen the only laurel tree left. Temple of Lyaicrates. where so many years before chaplets were woven to place on the brows of the winners of the games; so we knew that the laurel which is so rare now in Greece grew then under the patient cure of those who had dedicated Its leaves to the conqueror. The ruins of Olympia arc far more accessible than those at Delphi, My? cenae or Epldatirus, for we escaped the steep climbs. The sacred pre? cincts were in the valley of the River Alphelos, and though It is far from our Ideas of what a river should be It still Is a grateful sight to have a stream in the vicinity of any of the great ruins of Greece. Of course, before going to trace our way through the labyrinth of marble \| androck we stopped at the museum to see the Hermes. The world will have to make pilgrimages to this mar? velous statue, for In all the excava? tions carried on by the different schools and archaeological societies from every country the Greeks now Insist that the great "finds" must be left In the museums on the grounds, and so the large sums offered for the Hermes have no effect. It Is to re? main in the small Isolated and unget at-able corner of the world. The mu? seum has accorded the statue a large apace quite by Itself, and the hush of the tourist, the silence in this alcove, la like that about the Slstlne Madonna In the Dresden gallery With the j Madonna it Is not alone reverence for I art which seems to have been inspired, bat for the woman and the mother: ! but before the Hermes one is silent from swe of whst art has accom? plished. Of course, we sought out the temple where the Hermes once stood. The base of the Hermes, the oldest temple in Greece, had a row of pedestals on either side still left, where statues once stood. Psarsalus described the very place of the Hermes between the carved columns. Outside, on the wide walk leading to the stadium, there are many pedestals of the money given for tines when the races of the games were broken, for these contests went on for 1,000 years and were of great importance that her aids were sent over the country to proclaim to the Patent and warlike Greece that she must pledge herself to peace while the rota petition set. After three years, a portrait of Stater could be erected in the Altis by that victor. These dates so far back that the first was written in wood. Some of these figures are now in the amphitheater at Athens. There is an archaic steeled Ariston, the first Olympian runner, which gives some idea of the costume of the athlete and the development of the marelew. He said to have run from the battle of Marathon to bring the news in the City and to have fallen dead at the portal of the temple of Zeus. The sassar he saw was distinguished a trophy won by his prowess. There is a beautiful temple in the heart of Athens which I visited over and over again, kings had to do with the games. The victors exhibited their prizes in public places and between the sculptured columns of this temple there once stood the evidences of the conquests of young Greece, imagine a whole street of such beautiful temples extending from the theater of Dionysos to the town, all holding the trophies of the triumphant competitors. But Olympia soon lost its local celebrity in the days when the oracle of Delphi proclaimed the spot the favored one of all the many centers for games, and it was a national festival that brought people from all over the world. Foot races, hurling the discus, wrestling and boxing were followed in time by chariot and horse races. In the conglomeration of debris we traced the foundations of the walls of the great buildings set aside for the accommodation of those entered for the contests. But a small portion of the great stadium has been redeemed from the mass of sand in which the river buried all of Olympia by a change of its course. The stadium, unlike that at Athens, which has one circular end, thus doubling the distance of the run, had 630 4 feet in a straight line. There were no tiers of seats such as we saw at the stadiums of Delphi, Epidaurus, and Athens, but the gentle slopes of the hills were sufficient for the spectators. You approach through a long walk once lined with statues. A little to the right of the entrance a portico extended almost the entire width of the sacred precincts. Under this roof the people strolled back and forth awaiting the call of the herald to the arena. In front of this marvelously beautiful portico sacrifices to propitiate the gods were burned on altars whose foundations are easily traced now. An archway on the left-of the stadium was the entrance for the contestants. One arch is still standing and is far higher and larger than the photograph represents. Some of the walls of the long entrance remain, having resisted the pressure of the sand which settled there so long ago. After we had passed through this trench on the side of the hill we ascended the slope to sit down on the flower-crowned hill in the midst of the asphodels of the poets, near the low wall where the start was made. The same birds that sang 2,000 years ago were singing the same songs; the blossoms were putting up the very same lovely faces to the cloudless sky above; a shepherd boy was piping the unaltered notes of his ancestors with the reeds of his simple instrument fashioned as of old; a woman in a field close by watched the herd, distaff in hand, and a farmer turned up furrows in the river valley near with a wooden plow of the clumpy make or archaic days. The hand of a Greek maiden was once the prize competed for, and yet only one woman, the Eletan priestess, was allowed to view the sports within the guarded precinct. We almost felt as we sat picturing the entrance of the superb youths through the vaudeville archway that a trumpet would sound, clearing the hill of the daring petticoats that had ventured to view the forbidden field. Even the palm was handed to the victor by an empress and not a worn entrance to the stadium. The paces were only branches from the sacred olive tree. The whole scene unrolled itself to us as we sat looking over the ground where the anxious or triumphant heart beats of the contestants could almost be heard after all the centuries in the now solitary spot. It is difficult to imagine any scene on earth more spirited than when the name and country of each competing youth was called out and heralds announced them with the clarion notes of the trumpets. And whst a generous thought was it of the patriotic Greek to restore the stadium st Athens and make an object tor the youth of to-day to undertake exsetly the same games of the long ago! It would have been even more sn event of tbe centuries had Olympia I been chosen, but its distance and iaota-' tfnn snd the hardships to which the! spectators would bare been subjected were iasurmountablc obstacles One must be an enthusiast or an arrhseo kngtral scholar to visit Olympia as It Bow Is. ' Put there sre rewards awaiting every owe who doe peaevrate to the Isolated ndns The interest la la-1 tense and So one need hsslfate to go because na* Is n- ? an srchseoloerrral. classical or historical arboUr Knoucb can be scqnlred through the. culdch????; sad a little study a! the matter;r. he- , fore msklas the journeys to give s rleer Idea of ??. . world f?onwaed \| centers of Greek arbolars. artists sad I athletes Lyfntj an stattete rn. Kot ?ur where the rater* coatrvd of the world lies." profeaaor. hat geess tae frtvw who knows t aH mm saw wiser* httaosa Here sad the An-; pones ?d bash th o'ber way. _ I 1886 - j 1Q08 M. H. LASH The Reliable Furniture Dealer. 2.5 PER CENT. Reduction Sale! DURING JULY. We fcave put the knife into our prices, and the citizens or Newport News and vicinity will reap the benefit if they visit our Urge store during: July. We will give 25 per cent, off on all cash purchases of Baby Carriages, Go-Carts, Refrigerators, Ice Chests, Hammocks and Similar Summer Goods. We also have a few specials which we will include, as follows. A Teddy Bear or Carriage Robe FREE! To each cash purchaser of a Baby Carriage or Go-Cart we will give you your choice of a Teddy Bear or Carriage Robe FREE. OUR JULY SPECIAL! DURING THE REHAINDER OF JULY WE WILL PLACE ON SALE LASH'S SPECIAL $15.00 FELT HATTRESSES AT $10 Each Guaranteed for five years not to pack nor mat, the guarantee being sewed on each mattress. This is an extra Special bargain. Don't Miss This Opportunity? Come Tomorrow! M. H. LASH 2803-5-7 Washington Ave. Clearing House Statement. (By Associated Press.) NEW YORK, July 11.? The statement of clearing house banks for the week, shows that the banks hold $17,931,325 more than the requirements of the 25 percent reserve rule. This is a decrease of $7,842,541 in the proportionate cash reserve as compared with last week. The statement follows: Loans, $1,250,712,000; increase, $114,616,31. Ceposits, $1,328,300,200; increase, $7,629,100. Circulation, $58,189,500; decrease, $27,831,100. Less tenders, $177,835,400; decrease, $5,831,400. Specie, $301,491,900; decrease, $131,700. KM. 7on. aUasru creaw. St.957.35?. Snrptn...?47.!?...':.2.a1; decrease. $7. fftJSt. Ks P. S deposits S.VijrSS/SO; ? j rr?-ase. s 9vl..'.' ThA Bjereeajtsaai of? i,;t pracrwe of the cl-aring house hai.ks a? the rlosc of hnsin.-* y?s4erday was 297. The statement of hanks and DTSSS .?** of t;r aler New York no, members of : Iw (It annual Hons,.bow* that these inst ttote-tc? have ajOtrc^a:, depowils of S99l.94??; total ra?h "il hand In?.71230 and loan, amounting to??:.. 74? I an e379.l2V.I?0; d'-creas r?-\|nfrcd. $332.075.n.r>. ?.:.? '.953.25a. decrease. mobson and TMF war If there is no war between the I'nited States and Japan In the n?-at Big Specials for This Week 25 TO 40 PER CENT. SAVED BY PURCHASING AT ATLANTIC A PACIFIC STORES. the Q'iaker Cornflakes.c Miller'^ .Marmalade . 15c A. P. Cond' used Milk. 3 cans . 2-.c Porn la (half prTcet box .. 5c Potash or Lye, can . 5c Mutete s. J.000 for . lin Ply paper. 3 sheets ...... 5c Sapolio. baud or kitchen .. 7c CALIFORNIA FRUITS. 20c A. a P. Plums . 17c _oc A. a ?P. pears or 25c A & P. Apricots _ 21c I Peaches .21c 25c A. St P. Cherries. 23c EXTRA checks WIt'h TEA AI 4 cbs. 7 cak A a P. Soap . 25e 2 cks. 1 can Hutch Cleanser P?c 2 cks. 2 A. a P. Geestes .. 1?e '2 cks I Ghw. JHly . lue 2 1 Toilet paper . lee 2 cks I pkg. H <) flats He 2 cks 3 cake* float ing Soap 15c 2 cks. I can Srm>k- d Sar? dines . t?c 2 cks 1 can HIackb-rrie? .. )ae Best Cieam- rv Rnitcr an<l Now and coffee. 2 cks. I bottle Ca'sup . 20 2 cks. 1 hoi Grape Juice .. 7?c 2 ck-. 1 pkg Matfo. or Flak? ed Rice. !2Hc 2 cks. 1 pkg Prepared Pud? ding. lr 2 cks. 2 pkg. Royal Cocoa. ^ nut . 7Of 2 cks. 1 lb Peanut Butter.. 15c 2 ck.-. 1 can Spare. l.w Ycrk Cream Ch.-oso at Co?t. Save yonr ch<-ks and rec-tre -.alu^Me pr-miuma. The Great A. & P. Tea Co. 200) WASHINGTON AVENUE.. Hampton Delivery. Wcwncsdav ? Bonb-vard. Thnrsdav CTT7 PHONE SS. BKI.L PH(?\K 4 T Japaa??? people sec pncin~nl!y and folnro it will not r, dnc to an, la^k ' -!"-?? toward, the ratfe I ? rern?cs-vii. aetlvHv cm the part of'SUIes. aad) are gl?ing every proper Mr KKhwewtd pcar?w llobwon. j a?nrano- of Ibal fwirag. Mr llon alaase votce Is tace-wantty beard fori mas talk, bower or l< w-41 calenlal?-d aar Not that Mr IP-tewm wer? aavjio engender la tbe-tr minds 'be %u%pi rctcm for war i<tween tbewr two Fltm th? ,hiM fo,.\|ing of eaadasssate Bower, pro? iraat c or rvanotebnf a\|M) rwif{ ?,? u Uf< w ,,,r aled on rath-r heean-e b ?aal.? a* envwewwr. (H\|r ^ xm4 mhrn nmrr Iha\| 0mf/k. inereaer of the navv as a nvan? of _ wMmid.tlng Japan and other I kl ? I ^^^1! ? d.?pn>'-? P' WM~ Thee- la aw \J*? " ??? " * 'r " Item sTThn. View re-twee. the. cowa-rv ??" ~??T ?' ?m^'^ tad Jspaa that cannot be easily ad lt? lavH* i cnmptK ailon Wat saaasM by the aeeaas of mipl 1 ssia iy. Tba Mr lloheoa d-sigaa'c Japas n?' 'han a not re-r government as - be y n??i we must Rrsti 7 Tn-rc if. no reason. ovrjphiral ethical m-r polltieal wh4 tmr. abceiid he tr<qMe between and Japan more than another and Mr Ibdmon should d? slst from n\|? rl dl' iilons agtlation - IV-ter?bnrn lnd.-x Ap\|" '' Ttv^ Seat Proef. The on It thing that caa be mrnta the aseiu fins that no eaa Si ass eeeaatly oa leas 'baa a rear to that ssost of tfeaas 4 said In.
sn83030272_1896-11-17_1_3_1	US-PD-Newspapers	Public Domain	THE SUN, TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 1806. EDITH BERRY'S SENTENCE, Elizabeth people ditto in OPINION as to its merits. And Henry McCormick says the Waistings by the Conviction That the Girl Was letting Herself on Her Trial for Aanultlns: William and Henry Moy. The lion. Thomas R. McCormick of Elizabeth has been the County Judge of Union county for nearly twenty years. Notwithstanding his long and honorable record, there were persons in Elizabeth yesterday who said he had outlived his usefulness as a Judge. There were others, however, who were equally positive in the assertion that, were all the County Judges of New Jersey like-minded with malice McCormick, there would be fewer malefactors in the State and fewer instances of the jail and penitentiaries than there are at present. This diversity of opinion rebukes the merits of the County Judge of Union county, and all the discussion it now turns out of the diversity, were occasioned by the sentence which Judge McCormick on Saturday passed upon Edith Hebr, said to be nineteen years old, and charged with assault and battery. It is probably true that no case involving a similar charge ever attracted so much attention in Union county as the Hebr case. The charge of assault and battery is by no means an uncommon one to be preferred against a woman, and hundreds of women in the Tory county of Union have been tried and convicted and have served the sentences imposed, and the cases have not been considered of sufficient importance to occasion even the briefest notice. In the daily prints, to say nothing of setting the majority of the men, women, and children of the entire county talking about it. In Elizabeth, particularly, the people have taken steps, and the discussion has engendered quite as bitter feelings among the sympathizers of Judge McCormick as there encendered by the discussion of politics before the election. So bitter, in fact, has this discussion become that those who are taking an active part in it have completely lost sight of the facts in the case and are talking simply because their sympathies are with or against the girl, who is now a prisoner in the Union county jail at Elizabeth. They are truck farmers. Hying in the hamlet of Lyons Farms, about two miles north of Elizabeth. A few rods north of their place, on the opposite side of the road, lives Isabella. Behr is also a farmer, and his family consists of a daughter, Edith, and a son about 13 years of age. There has been bad blood between the Bloys and the Hears for some time. It is said that each family has tried to annoy the other as much as it conveniently could for the past two years. Among other grievances the Bloys assert that Behr allowed his cattle to stray over the Bloy farm, destroying whatever crops were above the ground. Behr asserts that the Bloys, not only William and Henry, but Henry's wife, have done all they could to ruin his reputation and to make him unpopular in the community. The grievances of the two families came to a climax last June. Early one evening in that month Behr's son was sent down to drive Behr's cows home from the pasture. This pasture is a short distance below the Bloy farm. When the cattle got opposite the entrance to the Bloy place they got no further for some time. The reason for the delay is furnished by the Bloys and Behr, and one story is diametrically opposed to the other. The Bloys say that when the cattle got opposite the entrance to their farm, a number of them strayed into the farmyard. Both the Bloys and the hired man were working in a field near the house. When Mrs. Henry Bloy saw the cattle stray into the yard, she went to the back door of the house and shouted to her husband that Behr's cattle were in the yard again. The brothers and the hired man came up from the field, saw the cattle and prepared to pen them in, for the purpose of keeping them quiet, they could notify the poundmaster. When young Behr saw that some of his father's cattle were being detained by the Bloys, he ran up the road and told his father what had happened. The elder Behr and his daughter Edith answered the call and hurried down to liberate the cattle. When the Bloys saw the Bloys enter the farmyard, one of the Bloys ordered Behr and his daughter off the premises. They refused to go, and the brother attempted to elect them, using what force was necessary. The brothers directed their efforts against the elder Behr. When the daughter saw her father set upon by the two men, she went to his rescue. She sailed in with feet and hands, she did valiant execution with her fingernails upon the face of one of the Bloys, and, although barefooted, she succeeded in doing almost as much damage with her feet. In the scrimmage, she fell to the ground. Then Behr was put off the premises, and finally the girl was induced to go. Behr's story and that of his daughter, as brought out on the trial, is the same as that of the Blays, with these exceptions: They say that when the cattle got opposite the Blays place one of the Blays, instead of being in the field at work, was standing in front of his house. As soon as he saw the cattle, he went out into the road and drove as many as he could into the yard. Then he penned them in. Notified of what had happened by his son, Behr and his daughter came down to liberate the cattle. Edith Behr testified that one of the Blays grabbed her father about the neck, choked him, and then knocked his head against the side of the barn. Behr is nearly 60 years old. The elder Behr is not much above thirty. Both Blays are larger and stronger physically than Behr, fearing that her father might be killed, the girl said, she went to his aid. When she did so, the boys, one of the Blays, pushed her father off the premises, while the other one threw her off. These are the two stories of the assault told by the two parties in interest. The Blays swore out a warrant for the arrest of Behr and his daughter on the charge of assault and battery, and Behr made a countercharge against the Blays. Both cases were presented to the October Grand Jury of Union county. Behr and his daughter were indicted. The Blays were not. Behr was injured in a trolley accident on Thursday, and was unable to be present at the trial, which took place on Saturday. As the charge was the same against father and daughter, it was decided that the trial could go on without the presence of the older defendant. The trial lasted a good part of the day. In corroboration of the testimony given by Edith Behr that her father was clinked by one of the boys and that his head was knocked against the side of the barn, Dr. W. H. Ward, who lives at Lyons Farms, testified that there were marks on the old man's throat as if made by a man's hand, and that there were contusions on the back of his head as if it had been battered by a club or had come in contact forcibly with some hard substance. These two stories of the complainants and defendants, together with the statement of Dr. Ward, were substantially all the testimony that was brought out at the trial. The case was summed up for the defendant by W. D. Wolf, Kellogg of Elizabeth and for the people by the Assistant District Attorney of the county. In charging the jury, Judge McCormick stated that when the bellboys were ordered off the Bloys' premises, it was their business to go, and if they did not go, the Bloys had a right to use necessary and reasonable force to put them off. Hearing the testimony, the Arguments, and the charge of the jury returned, and in about an hour returned with a verdict finding both of the defendants guilty as charged in the indictments, Judge McCormick then sentenced Ellith Hehr to three months' imprisonment in the county jail, and stated that he would sentence her father when he was able to appear in court. It seems to have been the general opinion that no severe sentence than the imposition of a fine was expected. When, therefore, the young defendant received the sentence to imprisonment, a great to-do was made about it. It was said that friends of the Bloys had talked with Judge McCormick while the jury was out, and had told him that the Bloys were a disturbing element in Lynn Karms society, and always had been, and that it would be a good thing if both old man Hehr and his daughter were sent away for a long term of imprisonment as possible. Judge McCormick denied yesterday that he had ever talked to friends of the Bloys to Friends of the Behrs with reference to the case. He said that he was convinced from Ethel Behr's manner on the witness stand that she was perjuring herself; that she had made up her mind to an ear to the case through at all hazards. He said that he had known of similar cases, and had concluded that the time had come to make an example of perjurers, or those whom he believed to be perjurers, so that it would be remembered that such practices would not be tolerated in his court in the future. For that reason, largely, he imposed the heavy sentence which he did. Miss Behr has retained Lawyer Leonard Kultsch of Nownrk to take an appeal from the decision. If possible, Kultsch appeared before Judge McCormick yesterday morning and requested him to reconsider the sentence, saying he was quite certain that his client was not in her right mind when the assault occurred, and that he had not been since she was injured in a trolley accident last summer. In reply, Judge McCormick told the lawyer that the court's work was done to far as that case was concerned, and that he could not reconsider the decision. Mr. Kultsch then stated that he would go before Gov. Griggs and the Court of Tardis with the request that the girl be pardoned. If he was not successful there, he said he would go to the Supreme Court of the State, sue out a writ of error, and have the case reopened. Judge McCormick said that the lawyer was quite at liberty to look after the interests of his client. As he saw fit, and that ended there. Some of the lawyers of Elizabeth "criticise" Judge McCormick because, from his own statement, he imposed the severe sentence, which he did, not so much because of the evidence submitted is because he believed that the girl was swearing falsely. They say that on that score no person charged with a crime can consider her or her interest safe in Judge McCormick's court where sentences are imposed, not from the evidence adduced, but according to the opinions which the Judge may have of the case and the parties interested in it. Pending the action of her counsel, the girl is taking her prison life with as good grace as possible. She asserts that she is slowly starving to death, because, being a Jewess, she cannot eat the food furnished by the prison authorities. The faro cannot be changed, however, until the Warden says the girl will have to get used to it. SEATTLE COT OFF AT ST. LOUIS, Goods Must Be Transported and Destroy Much Property Along the Coast. Seattle, Wash., Nov. 10. Seattle is completely cut off from communication by rail with the outside world. On the two transcontinental lines running into this city, not a train, freight or passenger, has departed within twenty-four hours. This is due to floods and storms. It has mined almost incessantly for ten days. Fires and small streams are swollen beyond their banks, and in many cases the water still rising. Hoports from the southern part of the State are that the Cowlitz River has risen above its highest water mark, and that Casto Rock, town of 800 inhabitants in Cowlitz county, is covered by water from one to three feet deep. A strong current has set in there, and many houses are being washed from their foundations. Chehalls reports the worst storm of the season. Electric light wires are down, trees uprooted, and fences and small buildings blown down. The storm here yesterday was the worst since last winter. Early in the afternoon, a heavy snow storm set in and by 10 o'clock four inches fell, two remaining on the ground. The Pawnee River, which is the outlet of all the crops and small streams of this region, has risen two feet, and yesterday where it was. At Alameda, it is now a raging torrent. A rise of two or three feet more than the water will be over the farms and cause great damage. There were no trains between Tacoma and Seattle yesterday and all overland trains from Spokane to Portland are running slowly, with no discontinuances as yet. In Mason County, several hundred feet of lumber on the Dow, Shelton, and Southwestern Railroad were washed out. All the Great Northern system from the Cascades west, including the Coast Line, is paralyzed. On the Coast Line, about three-quarters of a mile of tracks has been washed out, and other serious damage has resulted in the Cascades, where the main line crosses the Skykomish River four times in two miles. Two railroad bridges are washed out near here and much track is inundated where the roadbed follows the river. The railroad bridge over White River has been condemned as unsafe owing to high waters, which are expected to sweep away the structure at any moment, and this has shut off communication with the Northern Pacific main line, the Portland branch of the Northern Pacific, and likewise stopped traffic. On the Columbia and Puget Sound Railroad. Owing to a great landslide, the battleship and international, connecting with the Canadian Pacific, has been interrupted for fifteen hours. The Northern Pacific is sending passengers by boat to Tacoma, where connection may be made with Portland. For several days all wires on the Great Northern have been down, but last evening one wire was got into operation again. No estimate of damage to railroad property can be obtained now, but on the Great Northern alone it will amount to many thousands of dollars. The rainfall for Seattle and vicinity for November to date has been 7.08 inches. The greatest fall known here before for an entire month was only 8.1 inches. The bridge over the Yakima River at Cleeland was washed out last night, destroying railroad facilities between here and Ellensburg. The suit brought in the Supreme Court, Brooklyn, by the members of the Civil Service Reform Association against Mayor Wurttler and the heads of departments to extend the scope of the Civil Service law was continued yesterday. Former City Works Commissioner Alfred T. White was examined. "What was the quality of efficiency of those selected by competitive examination?" asked Edward M. Shepard. "I found the quality of service of such employees satisfactory almost without exception." replied Mr. White. They were more efficient than those examined in non-competitive examinations. In the average ranks of employees, those appointed under the competitive plan were the better men." Mr. White said he had not placed any men on the non-competitive list. He had transferred twenty from that list to schedule B, bringing them under the rules. In summing up for the defense Corporation Counsel Burr contended that the Constitution of 1915 had no effect on existing laws, except that part embodied in the organic law; that the lower and discretion vested by the existing law in the governor and Mayor to make classification under civil service regulations was still in force, and that it was a question which could not be reviewed by the courts unless it was shown that great abuses had taken place. He also contended that there was nothing to show that the statutes had not been lived up to by the Mayor and wisely executed. He said that out of 5,000 places on the civil service list, less than three percent, were in the noncompetive class. He also held that the classification made by the Mayor was final. Edward M. Shepard argues that it was a waste of public money to pay persons who illegally held office, the courts, he said, were the only refuge for those who wanted the laws enforced and that was the reason the Action had been brought. He said he would have been delighted to see Mayor Wurster, City Works Commissioner Willis, and Comptroller Palmer on the stand, so that he would have an opportunity to cross-examine them as to civil service appointments. Mr. Shepard will continue his argument this morning. TOK EST FIRE HILLS LIVING, UP, The Appropriations Already Abanstasted 40,000 Acres Burned in Three Years. An annual, N.Y. Nov. 10. The forest fires in this State during the years 1804 and 1805 and so far as reported in 1800 burned over and practically destroyed 40,000 acres. The amount paid out by the State during 1894 and 1805 to Fire Wardens and others who assisted in extinguishing the fires approximated $50,000. The bills for services rendered in extinguishing fires, both this year and in 1805, have been coming to the Fisheries, Game and Forest Commission with sufficient rapidity to exhaust all the money appropriated to pay them. In 1804, by an act of the Legislature, the policy of having the State pay all the forest fire bills was adopted where State lands were burned. In 1835 the Legislature failed to make any appropriation to carry out the previous act, and all the bills against the State caused by fires in the woods come over into the present year. Last winter the Legislature appropriated $3,000 to pay these claims. The total amount needed will be 10,000 or over. The State, by a law enacted last winter, will hereafter pay those forest fire bills only after they have been audited by Town Boards, and the towns will also share the expense of putting out fires. Chamber of Commerce Dinner Tonight. The Chamber of Commerce will hold its 128th annual dinner at Delmonico's tonight. It is expected that 370 persons will be present. Among the guests will be Secretary Carlisle, Secretary Wilson, Secretary Herbert, Secretary Wilson. Forton, Secretary Olney, (Gen. Miles, Comptroller Eckels, W. Horfett Cockran, Rear Admiral Rrben, Commander Hlcard, Gov. Griggs of New Jersey, Senator Hawley, and Chairman J. H. Walker of the Congressional Committee on Banking and the Currency, Secretaries Carlisle and Wilson, Senator Hawley, Gov. Griggs, and Mr. Cock ran will be the principal speakers. The Rev. Dr. David H. Greer will say grace. Second Trial of Barber for Murder. The work of obtaining a jury to try Maria Barberi, for the second time, for killing her faithless lover, Domenico Cataldo, was begun yesterday before Judge Gudersteeve in the criminal branch of the Supreme Court. Twenty-one talesmen were examined during the day, and when court adjourned four jurors had been obtained. Friend & House are representing the Italian girl and Assistant District Attorneys McIntyre and Lauterbach are conducting the prosecution. A $1,000,000 Polished Institution. Peoria, Ill., Nov. 10. The charter for the Peoria Polytechic Institute, which is to be affiliated with the University of Chicago, having been secured, the promoters will commence immediately one of the buildings to be erected this fall. This is the school which Mrs. Lydia Bradley will found, and to it, at her death, she will have her entire fortune, estimated at $5,000,000. FRENCH COUNT'S ARREST. FIELD FOR TALES, FOX RITALISM A FIFTH OF A CABINA. The Cabman Promised to Take Ills to See Nome Nice Ladies' Coats, couldn't get into Any Nice Ladies' House, no the, Const Refused to Par for the Ride he Took, The Com to de Toulouse-Lautrec who was looked up in the Tenderloin station on Sunday night for having drawn a revolt or in a dispute over cab fare with John McGowan, a cabman, was held yesterday for trial in Jefferson Market Court in default of $600 ball. The charge against him was felonious assault. And he apparently acknowledged his guilt when he admitted having drawn his revolt, although he had no intention of pleading guilty. He asserts that he did not draw the revolver upon McGowan at all, but upon two other men. He has difficulty with the English language and spoke in court through an interpreter, who said: "The cabman threatened me, and while we were talking two other men approached, whom I thought to be the cabman's friends, and that they intended to assault me. I said I am not afraid of you, I can defend myself." At the same time showing them my revolver." Magistrate Molt, who had previously administered one of his testy rebukes to the Count for speaking to a friend while he was waiting in line, said, after the interpreter's statement, that the Count had convicted himself on his own admission, and ordered that the interpreter be summoned to the Sessions to prove the admission. To laymen, it seemed as though the Admission was a declaration that he had drawn a revolver in self-defense rather than an incriminating admission of technical felonious assault. As was told yesterday, the Count, when arrested, was garbed as befitted his rank, had a liberal supply of money, and wore jewelry bearing his crest. The fact that a well-dressed, well-dressed, well-dressed foreigner, with money enough for all visible wants and not accused of previous ill conduct, should be hustled off to the station house by the policeman to whom he appealed and to whom he was explaining his difficulty with the men on whom he had been impelled to draw his revolver, caused a good deal of interest to be taken in his case yesterday. According to the story told in the station house on Sunday night, the Count, after the two men ran away at sight of his pistol, went to Policeman Fljn, who was at Broadway and Thirty-ninth street, and when the count and his friends saw this they followed and demanded the Count's arrest, saying that he had threatened them with the revolver. The Count's story in Jefferson Market was practically the same. McGowan, however, the said that after he had driven the Count to several places they stopped at Broadway and Thirty-ninth street, and the Count, going into a nearby house, returned soon and walked past the cabman as though he did not see him. McGowan then touched the Count on the shoulder, reminding him that the agreed upon $1 fare had not been paid. At this the Count filled the revolver and said that that was his pay. The Count, who said that he is a railroad contractor and that he has done railroad building in Russia and expects to do more of it, told a reporter yesterday afternoon in the Jefferson Market Jail how his trouble had commenced, "I have been in the city since summer," he said. "but except for some months in the spring I have been in the country for about a year and a half. I came here by way of the Pacific from Russia. I came across the country, stopping at Chicago, where I had an experience to be remembered, and which was in part a cause of the trouble in which I found myself when I got To the police station here last night, I went to Europe in connection with my business, going as far as St. Petersburg, and then I came back to America and went to Philadelphia. "In Chicago, I had been robbed of $500, and in Philadelphia, I got a permit to carry a revolver. I frequently carry some sums of money, and I wished to have the revolver on that account," I have been living in West Fifty-fourth street. Last night, I walked down Broadway, and at some corner, I did not notice, or do not remember. Just which one a coachman spoke to me as coon men do and said that he would take me to call upon some nice ladies, who would entertain me. "He took me to one house in Lexington Avenue, I have the number. I rang the bell and a colored servant answered it. I will come in. I said, 'I will call on the ladies.' We have no ladies here.' She said, 'I was not surprised. The coachman came up. I said, 'They do not know you. You know no ladies.' He said to the servant: 'Don't you see he is a nice gentleman?' Let him in.' Then someone else came to the door and hailed: 'No, you are an officer; go any.' You see, I am big, and they mistook me. The Count is six feet or more tall, broad, shouldered, and of erect carriage! The person within the house added too: "We have no ladies here." I said to the coachman that he had not taken me to any ladies and that he evidently knew none, but he begged that I go with him to one other house where the nice ladies would surely beat home. It was not far, he said. I consented, and he drove me to a house in Thirty-ninth Street, not far from the Opera House. (I have the number.) Just as he was driving up to it he whistled, so (the Count imitated the cabman, and as I alighted, two men who knew him came up. To them the coachman said: 'He wants to see the ladies." They bade me come and led the way to an entry that was very darn. I am not fool enough to go into a dark hall at night with two strange men, and I bade them go ahead. The bell was pulled, but there was no answer and the house seemed all dark. The coachman and his friends wanted me to try another place; I refused and started to walk away. The two strange men, who were not in any uniform or livery, fell back, but the coachman demanded money. I refused to pay, saying that he had not fulfilled his agreement. He became angry, and the two men came up again and told me to pay him. One of them grabbed my clothing and shirt over my breast. He tore out one of the buttonholes. I did not know who they were and thought they were trying to rob me. It certainly was an assault on me, and I drew my revolver, saying that they could not scare me, for I could defend myself with my pistol. They ran away, and I hastened over toward the Opera House to the policeman. When they saw me do this, the two men came over, and the cabman said I had drawn the revolver on him. I told the officer how I had been assaulted, and that the coachman had instigated the assault. When we walked in the police station, I thought the coachman was under arrest. It would have been so in France or any other place, in Europe. But there I found that it was I who was arrested. "The Sergeant said: 'Have you a license to carry a revolver?' "I say: 'Yes. I got it in Philadelphia, for I have been robbed before, as I thought I was going to be tonight.' He said that was not good anywhere in this country. I thought it was good anywhere in this country. I was locked up, and here I am, but I have sent for an attorney and to some friends. I have $100 or so with me." Among the friends to whom the Count sent was Paul Tanty of any West Thirty-third Street, He was not in when the messenger arrived, but Francois Tanty, a relative, said that either Paul or he would go to the Count during the morning. The Count is said to have been an officer of the French cavalry. He says that he is here to organize a syndicate to build part of a railroad in Russia, and he showed a prospectus of the Siberian-Oriental railroad, of which he according to the prospectus, the Czar is president. The prospectus is signed by the Count with his title. It says that he has a contract to construct twenty-four miles of the railroad. It was while on a quest for a conference in London, for whose society he confesses a proclivity, that the Count was robbed in Chicago. He was in court last Summer in complaint of the proprietor of the Hotel Martin. He says that it was only a squabble over money, the proprietor wishing him to pay more than he wanted to pay. The Hutslas Who Were with Bfaero Be. Leaped. The three young Russians who arrived here from Havana on the steamship Yumur, and were detained at Ellis Island, were released yesterday in care of Dr. Sergius Engloman of BIO East Fifty-eighth Street. The doctor says that the young men are the sons of well-do residents of St. Petersburg. They spent three months with Maceo in Pina del Rio. Hood's Are purely vegetable, contain no drastic drugs, and are easy to take, easy to operate. Rouse the liver, stimulate the stomach, cure constipation. Use the only pills to take with Hood's Sarsaparilla. This is Her Father's, and She Is Barred to Be In New York City. Chief of Police Cantwell Fay has requested all men in his department to keep their eyes open for Mary Cantwell Fay, a young married woman, who disappeared from Malons, N.Y on Oct. 25 under circumstances that have led her friends to suspect that she may have been temporarily insane. Mrs. Fay was about 31 years old, and she had been married only a few months. Her husband is an artist, and a member of a respected family in Malons. He is only a year older than his wife. Mrs. Fay told her husband on Sunday, Oct. 25, that she was going out for a walk. That was the last MISSIUUR. IAV. He saw of her. That evening he discovered that she had taken the train for New York. So far as he knew, she had made no preparations for the journey, and had no money. A young woman who accompanied her to the station, however, said that Mrs. Fay seemed to have all the money she needed after paying for her ticket. Mrs. Fay was traced to Utica, and from there by the train that left the next morning to New York. Since that time the most searching inquiries have been made without avail. And her friends have reluctantly made public the facts and called upon the police to aid them. They believe that Mrs. Fay came to this city alone. The police description of her states that she is five feet two or three inches in height, and that she weighs 116 pounds. She has dark brown bushy hair and blue ores. There is a small red bluish mark over her left eye. She wore a black coat, lined with green silk and trimmed with three mink tails on either shoulder, and a black felt hat trimmed with green velvet and a rhinestone buckle. The package room in the Grand Central Station was burned out early yesterday morning and thirty packages of goods, owned by persons all over the country, were destroyed. The room was in the southeast corner of the station. It was an enclosure eight feet wide and twenty feet long. and was used by passengers who wanted to store parcels and packages temporarily. The fire is supposed to have been caused by the spontaneous combustion of some chemicals in a package left by some passenger. Policemen Mechann and Kennedy of the Grand Central sub-station discovered smoke coming from the package room about 2:15 A.M. There was no way of getting in, as there are heavy iron gates guarding the doorways. The firemen were called, but as they could only get at the fire from the sidewalk, the flames gained on them until the corner was wholly ablaze. The room is directly under the elevated railroad station, and it was feared that that structure would be burned out. It caught fire, but the firemen chopped holes through it and drowned out the flames from above. Eventually they got inside the station and quenched the fire. Several of the packages were saved, but their contents were ruined. General Manager Franklin said that the loss would be comparatively light. The damage to the building is $300, and the loss of those who lost packages was about the same, for he has received claims for damages for more than half of them, and the amount is only about $200. The company will reimburse the passengers for their losses. Mr. Frank is said he did not know who owned the package containing the chemicals. He scouted the idea of incendiarism, as the place was too insignificant for that, and is well guarded. If the fire had occurred later in the week, the loss would have been much heavier, as several hundred packages are generally stored there. At 8:30 o'clock yesterday morning, two barrels of oil which were stored in the tunnel of the Grand Central road, Elghty-eighth street, were fired from a spark from one of the locomotives, and there was a blaze in the tunnel while the oil lasted. It was to have been used to supply the lamps in the Elghty-eighth street station. HAT, THEATER AND OHIO. Fears from the Report submitted Annual Meeting Yesterday. Baltimore, Nov. 10. At the seventieth annual meeting of the stockholders of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad today, the following directors were elected: William R. Frick, James L. McLane, George C. Jenkins, Alex. William, George A. Long, Maurice Gregg, William H. Blackford of Boston; Louis Fitzgerald, Eugene Delano, Edward R. Bacon, William A. Read, Rowland Davis of New York. Mr. McLane represents the Johns Hopkins interests. He succeeds Aubrey Pearre, who remains as director in several of the subordinate companies. The annual report, the first under a receivership, covers the earnings on June 30, 1800. Its only reference to the receivership is contained in a single sentence which says that "the company, being unable to meet its liabilities of March 1, 1801, passed into the hands of John K. Cowan and Oscar G. Murray, receivers, on that date. It has been deemed proper to continue." The regular annual statement and therefore this report covers the operations of the entire fiscal year, both prior and subsequent to the receivership. The total earnings for the year were $83,944,781, an increase over the preceding year of $1,811,000. The operating expenses are divided as follows: General expenses, $1,711,500; conducting transportation, $6,000,000; maintenance of way and structures, $6,000,000; total, $17,000,000, an increase of $1,715,000. The report says: "But for the fact that there was a large increase in the maintenance of equipment expenses amounting to almost a million dollars, the net earnings would have compared very favorably with those of the best of the preceding years in the history of the company. As it is the net earnings amounted to $7,500, and the decrease amounted to a little less than the increase in the operating expenses. From these net earnings are deducted the interest on bonded indebtedness, rentals, taxes, and other charges to the amount of $8,500. The real fixed charges of the property were earned." ST. LOUIS AS SAN FRANCISCO. Brought by Braman to the United States Circuit Court in St. Louis. Brought by Braman has brought suit in the United States Circuit Court in St. Louis, asking that the sale of the St. Louis and San Francisco Railway under foreclosure be set aside and the conveyance to the successor company be cancelled. He asks that the issue of securities by the new company be enjoined and that receivers be appointed for both companies. The allegations in the complaint are similar to those made in a like suit now pending in the Supreme Court in this State, in which Braman is also plaintiff. K. H. Nelson Will Represent the Mantherin Purcell. Chicago, Nov. 10,-Chalrinan Day of the Southwestern Trunk Line Association has announced at St. Louis that the executive officers have elected E.H. Hilton of San Francisco, general agent of the Panama Railroad, to fill the vacancy on the Board of Administration caused by the death of Major Waldo. Mr. Hilton's name was submitted by the Southern Pacific Traction management after a conference with Mr. Hilton at San Francisco, and he has agreed to come in, Louis as the Southern Pacific's representative of the Southwestern Board, Cranston's Hotel Sold. New York, Nov. 10. Cranston's hotel, the widely known summer resort at Highland Falls, near West Point, was sold at auction here today in foreclosure proceedings instituted by Auditor Price against the Cranston's Hotel Company and other defendants. Mr. Price's claim is a second mortgage. The first mortgage it held by the Columbia County Savings Institution of Hudson, N.Y., and is for $53,000 principal and $8,000 interest. Taxes and accrued interest with the other claims amount to $5,000. Counsel for the Homer Ramsdell Transportation Company stated that that company has a lease of the dock and storehouse, expiring in 1888. The sale was made subject to this lease. Mr. Price, the plaintiff, started the bidding at $5,000. Mr. Barlow, attorney. For Mr. Cranston, raised this bid by $91.00, and the property was sold for $1,500, subject to the other claim. Royal, Absolutely Pure, the greatest of all the baking powders for strength and healthfulness. Royal Baking Powder Co., New-York. Ladies at the Fescher Club. They Watch Clever Horses, in Our of "Which Women Were the Consequents," The members of the Fencers' Club opened their club house at 37 West Twenty-second street, to the ladies yesterday afternoon and gave a series of friendly bouts to all their guests. Every available seat was occupied before the first pair crossed forts. John Langdon Irving and E. Tathman opened the program. Although they were evenly matched and fenced well, they failed to arouse enthusiasm. Then Lawrence Myers and L. M. Lawson of the New York Athletic Club tried their skill with duels of swords. They had an advantage over the two who preceded them. Inasmuch as with these weapons it is allowable to strike anywhere, thus making a more spectacular exhibition possible, but even the wonderful technique of the contestants elicited only the faintest handclapping. It was evident by this time to everybody but the fencers themselves, who were in deadly earnest, that they were receiving about as much attention as the horses do at the annual Horse Show. Too much fencing of another kind was going on. The members who were not on the program and their guests were fully amused in practising the art of attack and defense with their eyes and softly whispered words. Even when W. Scott O'Connor and Dr. Graeme Hammond of the New York Athletic Club gave a most spirited exhibition with foils the bouts with the eyes and tongues went on uninterruptedly. About this time it was Vividly whispered around that two members of the ladies' class had consented to test their skill. Then and not until then did the audience wake up to the fact that something of interest was going on on the platform. A. von Zo Post and Lieut. Bettinl of the Italian army had a set-to with sabres. Both are splendid swordsmen, and some of their rapid thrusts and parries were greeted with cries of "Good! Good!" from the ladies. It was then announced that Miss Margaret Stinson and Miss Louise Jackson, representing the ladies' class, would have a contest with foils. Their appearance was the signal for an outburst of enthusiasm. Miss Stinson is of athletic figure and looked very well in fencing costume. She wore an accordion plaited skirt of soft black woolen goods, reaching below the knee, and a double-breasted, light-weight, white duck coat. Black stockings and gauntlets and low shoes completed the costume. It was now the men's turn to cry "Good!" and "Bravo!" and they did so lustily, for the young ladies attacked each other with great rapidity and defended themselves most adroitly. At first it was thought that Miss Jackson had the advantage, but when the call of "Change sides" was heard and obeyed. It was evident that Miss Stinson was quite able to hold her own. The next bout was between W. Scott O'Connor and E. Tutham, with Japanese sticks. They banged and beat and failed each other to their heart's content, and to the delight of everybody present. Dr. Hammond of the N. Y. A. C. and Dr. Capdeville, a teacher at the Fencers' Club. met with sabres. They were followed by J. W. Gerard and Dr. J. H. Claiborne, who used dueling swords. Then came two more bouts with foils, the contestants in the first being George Kavanaugh and Fitzhugh Townsend, and in the second C. G. Botbner of the N. Y. A. C. and Mr. Post. The final bout was between Mr. Gouspy, teacher at the Racquet Club, and Mr. Yannthieu. They gave the grand faints. Refreshments were served after the bouts. DEATH OF A QUEER CITARAGON. Joseph Wagner's $1,000,000 Suit-Trial Plan for a Suburban Hotel. Pittsburgh, N.J., Nov. 10. Joseph Wagner, one of the most eccentric characters in this part of New Jersey, died on Sunday from the result of injuries sustained several weeks ago in a rail from the roof of a barn at his home in Warren township. He was 70 years of age, and was since wealthy, but owing to his erratic, and visionary ideas he became bankrupt, and formally years has lived on the charity of his relatives and neighbors. Three years ago he had some trouble with a conductor of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad, and was put off the train. He commenced a suit against the railroad company for $1,000,000. He received plenty of notoriety but no money. A few years ago he proposed to build an immense hotel on Washington Rock, three miles from this city, to be subsidized by the Government on the ground that the bedrooms were to be named after American statesmen. In connection with this he proposed to build an electric plant which would have lamps strong enough to light this city from the rock. CLEARING OFF THE EXCISE CASES. Fines, Mostly Light, on Plena or Oily Five Acquisitions. Excess cases took up most of the calendars in the four parts of General Sessions yesterday. On the calendar of Part I, there were four cases, in Part II, 40, in Part II, 48, and in Part IV.
github_open_source_100_8_20218	Github OpenSource	Various open source	import { Token } from "./Token"; export default class Lexer { private str; private len; private pos; constructor(string: string); getStringUntilNonEscapedChar(terminalRegex: RegExp \| string): string; readTokens(): Token[]; readNextToken(): Token \| undefined; private eatIdString; private eatNumericString; private eatSpecialChars; private eatWhiteSpace; }
github_open_source_100_8_20219	Github OpenSource	Various open source	@extends('fronts.master') @section('style') @endsection @section('title') Product @endsection @section('breadcrumb') Product @endsection @section('container') <div class="container"> <!-- row --> <div class="row"> <!-- MAIN --> <div id="main" class=""> <!-- STORE --> <div id=""> <!-- row --> <div class="row"> <form action="{{route('admin.product.update',$product->id)}}" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"> {{ csrf_field() }} {{ method_field('PUT') }} <div class="form-group"> <label for="name">Name</label> <input type="text" name="name" class="form-control" value="{{ $product->name }}"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="name">price</label> <input type="text" name="price" class="form-control" value="{{ $product->price }}"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="name">Image</label> <img src="{{asset("images/".$product->image)}}" width="50px" height="50px"> <input type="file" name="image" class="form-control"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="course_id">Category</label><span style="color:red">*</span> <select name="category_id" class="form-control"> <option value=" ">No Data selected</option> @foreach($categories as $category) <option @if($category->id==$product->category_id) selected @endif value="{{ $category->id }}">{{ $category->name }}</option> @endforeach </select> </div> <div class="form-group"> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary"><span class="fa fa-plus"></span> Add Product</button> </div> </form> </div> <!-- /row --> </div> <!-- /STORE --> <!-- store bottom filter --> <!-- /store bottom filter --> </div> <!-- /MAIN --> </div> <!-- /row --> </div> @stop @section('js') @endsection
sn84026845_1863-07-18_1_3_1	US-PD-Newspapers	Public Domain	Saturday Morning, July 18, 1863. RELIGIOUS HOTEL?The Very Reverend Mr. Morrison, Pastor of the First Presbyterian Church, will preach in the Foretth Street Church on Sunday morning, at 10:30 o'clock. The Substitute Market.?The Pittsburgh papers say that the price of substitutes has risen considerably, and now ranges from three hundred to five hundred dollars each, according to the color of the party offering. Quite a number were secured on Wednesday at prices ranging from $300 to $260, and some thirty altogether were examined and mustered into the service during the day. As soon as the person drafted obtains a substitute, he presents a Written notice to the Provost Marshal, setting forth the fact, and giving the name, age, and residence of the party. He is also required to state whether he is an alien or a citizen of the United States. The substitute is then presented for examination, and, if he passes the surgeon, his descriptive list is made out and, after being furnished with a complete outfit, he is sworn into the service. This relieves the party drafted from further liability under the conscription law during the term for which he was drafted, and he is presented with a certificate from the board of Enrollment, setting forth the fact. The demand for substitutes is exceedingly brisk, and the offices of the different brokers are crowded with tutors and students. Prices, under the influence of the lively demand prevailing, are gradually creeping up, and by the time the Allegheny conscripts come into the market, they are likely to exceed by fifty percent what they are now. The payment of so much money will of course bear heavily on many a poor man, but as a general thing, those purchasing substitutes are well able to pay, and would scarcely miss the amount were it twice as large. Interesting Revenue Decision. One of the most interesting decisions that have yet arisen in reference to the Income Tax has just been decided by Commissioner Lewis, in a correspondence with the Assessor of the Fifteenth District, New York. The gist of the decision is that different branches of business are independent of each other, and that a loss, by fire or otherwise, sustained by one does not entitle the party to a deduction in the other. Thus, if a person had an income of five thousand dollars, of which three thousand was from business and two thousand from the rent of houses, if the latter should be destroyed by fire, causing to him a loss of five thousand dollars over and above all insurance, he would still be liable to taxation on the three thousand dollars received from business. It is also settled that a person meeting with a heavy loss by fire cannot apply the income from the rest of his estate towards making up this loss, and deduct from the income of a subsequent year. Arrested. Yesterday the United States Marshal arrested Michael Quintan, who has just returned from the rebel army, and committed him to jail. He was soon afterwards, however, released by Commissioner Forbes upon two thousand dollars bail to answer an indictment for treason before the Federal Court. Quintan left this city with the Shriver Greys and served, we believe, many months with Stonewall Jackson's command. Recently his health failed him and he was discharged from the army, being no longer able to stand the fatigues of the life which soldiers are compelled to lead. He returned to this city a few days ago and having been indicted for treason was arrested upon a capias. No Refuse from New York. We yesterday saw in the streets a fugitive by the name of Solomons, who left New York on Wednesday to escape the trial of the infernal fiends who have lately turned that metropolis into a pandemonium. He brought with him a mulatto girl, who had her head bound up to conceal a wound received from a flying missile on Tuesday. Solomons, who was a head waiter in a New York Hotel, is now on his way to Licking county, Ohio, where he has relatives residing. Grand Festival at Billings. "We are requested to say that those of this city proposing to attend the festival at Belleaire on Tuesday evening next will be provided with a special train on the B. & A. R. R., free of cost for going and also to return at the close of the festival. We understand that besides the usual attractions on such occasions, a series of "tableaux vivants" will be exhibited. This new feature ought to draw a crowded house. The new ball opposite the depot is to be used on the occasion. Tai Island. At last, we are glad to observe, that the work of macadamizing and otherwise improving Zane Street, across the Island, is rapidly progressing. A large force of workmen has been employed for some time upon the street, and those who know what the street was last winter, will hail with delight the improvement that they will have to wade no more, but may travel across the Island on the surface of the earth. An woman named Johannes Sullivan has attracted considerable attention about the South Ward market house for several days, many persons supposing her to be insane. Yesterday morning she was found lying across the sidewalk on the east side of the market house so entirely drunk as to be utterly helpless. Officer Burt procured a baggage wagon and conveyed her to jail. A few more men are wanted to fill up Captain Holmes' Battery of Light Artillery. For place of rendezvous and other particulars see bills. Now is your time to enlist in the first mouth service before the Governor issues his order for a draft. Yesterday morning, when the train from Washington came in, a couple of cars took a notion to continue on to the eastward, and as there was no track further than the depot, the cars came in contact with the gutter and lost their trucks. The cars were soon hauled upon the track again and all damages repaired. To be sent back. Our readers will recollect that some weeks ago we announced that a daughter of Mr. Herzwig, of Braxton county, had been sent to the insane asylum at Columbus. It has since been ascertained that the unfortunate girl is not insane. She is a hopeless idiot and Deputy Sheriff Irwin, yesterday started to Columbus to bring her back. Dramatic Company. We understand that a dramatic company of considerable merit will open at Washington Hall for a short season, on Tuesday evening next. The company is composed of part of the Front Street Theatre in Baltimore, and the Pittsburgh Theatre. Runaways. A species of insanity seems to prevail among the horses. We have had not less than a dozen runaways within the last two or three days. Generally, the furious animals are stopped without damage to themselves or pedestrians, but a great terror is always created among the people. We call attention to the advertisement of Butlerfield's new Fancy Alcoa (loose). Butterfield has had a large experience in the manufacture of the, and will keep the very best of the article on hand. Female College. Key L. C. Persuading, D.O., President. A student for the year 294. Superb buildings. Sixteen able and accomplished teachers. Unsurpassed facilities in the ornamental branches. Thorough and extensive course of study. PORTY DOLLARS per term pays all expenses in the boarding department, except washing and fuel. Next term commences Sept. 1. Send to President Peacock for a Catalogue. M. SIMON, Pres. Trustees. Pittsburgh, July 7, 1868. All 2m TWO VALUABLE FARMS FOR SALE, In Brooke County, West Va. The subscriber hereby gives notice that he will sell at private sale, first the very valuable and highly improved farm near Independence, Pa., on which he lately resided, containing 200 acres. This land is of rich clay loam quality and near to market, all cleared land except fifteen acres, which is of the best white oak timber. The Improvements consist of a Large Square Brick House, two stories high, 40x45 feet, and is one of the most completely finished houses in Brooke county, and as good as new. Also on the farm: FRANKLIN BARN, 95 feet by 30, with stabling and double floor, two large sheep Houses, nearly finished; brick Spring House, Wool House and Carriage House, double corn crib and wagon shed; wood house and coal house; bog engine and other improvements; also Fruit Trees of almost every variety. The location is one of the best in Brooke county and is situated in an excellent neighborhood. Second: farm on Buffalo Creek, near Waugh's Mill, containing about 116 acres, all cleared except a lot of ten acres fine timber; balance fine grafting and grain land. End I will also sell at wholesale the stock of Dry Goods and General Merchandise, including Hardware, Ready-Made Clothing, and boots and shoes, being the stock of goods now on hand and constituting my store in the town of Independence, Washington County, Pa. This is one of the most desirable country locations anywhere to be found; the country around being densely populated, and a fine business can be done at this stand; it being the same that Richard Carter occupied for many years. The building is not included in the proposed sale. Terms may be known by calling on the undersigned. All those wishing to buy or sell Real Estate, have Certified Accounts collected, or Pensions and Bounty procured, on the shortest notice, will consult their own interest by calling immediately at No. 60 Main Street. Sale of Lumber. Will be sold at Public Sale, for Cash, on Saturday, July 18th, at 10 o'clock, on the old camp ground near Moundsville, a lot of Pine and Hemlock logs and such Lumber. G. HOWARDS, JAS. RODLEY, J. RIGGS, Committee. FLAGS. Our store offers Union Flags of every style, size, and quality, received and promptly attended to at Our Variety Store of D. McNEILL & CO., July 13, 100 Main Street. WANTED. We seek good, active colored Dialing Room hands. Enquire at McLure House. July 13. Music Received Today. Will go good to the War 30 cents. Kingdom Coming $6 Battle Cry of Freedom... Who will care for Mother now...? Do they think of me at home...? We do think of thee at home, answer at once. Cots by the sea... Dear mother, I'll come home again... Rock me to sleep, mother... Mother, it's the Battle over... Jockey Hat and Feather... Vacant Chair... Maidens' Prayer... And others, at the Variety Store of D. NICHOL BROTHER, July 1st, Main Street. Hydraulic Cement. For bar. Just received a car load of fresh Cement, "Lians" brand, warranted superior, which we are selling low. Being the only agents for this Cement here, we can furnish it in quantities, on short notice. METCALF & BURT, July 1st, Main Street. Pittsburgh Iron. We keep a full stock of all sizes bar, band, sheet and hoop iron of Pittsburgh make. Also, Norway American Nail Rod, which we will sell at the lowest prices. METCALF & BURT, July 1st, 56 Main Street. SODA ASH. We have received an agency from the Messrs. Fowler, of New York, for the sale of their importations of Soda Ash, and will sell at their prices, adding freight and exchange. We are just in receipt of a large lot of Burke brand, for Green Gue and Soap manufacturers. Also a lot of refined of two qualities, for Flint Glass manufacturers. We invite the attention of consumers. METCALF & BURT, July 1st, 56 Main Street. FIRE PROOF SAFES. A full stock of Burke & Barnes - Celebrated Safes on hand, which we sell at manufacturers prices. July 1st, Main Street. HOOK. WM. boats New Orleans. July 1st, prime do 75 barrels. Bertroad's K.T. Syrup. $0 de crashed and rained season. For sale by APRIL LIST. MORRISON & CO. UNION FLAGS. A DOZEN UNION FLAGS, assorted sizes, received today, wholesale and retail, at the Variety Store of D. NICOLL & BROTHER. PACKAGES.?A large stock on hand and for sale at less than old prices by JOS. GRAVES & CO., No. 30 Morris street. WANTED?A good steady County for the month of July. 1906. Happy K. List, John Ut. Robert Morrison and Ben- in debt. A ship lost at sea. John McOowan. The object of this suit is to rectify the transfer of an estate, the property of John P. Jennings, on the 30th day of May, 1803. An information was filed in the Supreme Court of the United States for the Western District of Virginia on behalf of the United States, claiming ownership of certain property of John P. Jennings, described in the information, in which the owner thereof is stated to be in possession of the property. The United States claims that at the time of his becoming so possessed, he was the owner of the property aforesaid, that he is holding office under the So-called Virginia Commonwealth or under the rebellious government of the Confederacy, and praying that the property may be confiscated and sold as ordered by the court. An order for the above-named property was made at the Supreme Court of the United States, and a monition was issued under the seal of the court, directing its delivery to the claimant. I do hereby give public notice to all persons interested in property, or those who prefer to make claims before the Judge of the District Court of the United States for the Western District of Virginia at Wheeling, on the 6th day of March, 1863. If not on the next day of jurisdiction thereafter, then and there to interpose their claims and make their allegations in their behalf. JOHN M. NORTON, U. S. Marshal W. D of Va Ex. H. Smith, U. S. Attorney. July 14, 1863. Assignee's Sale. By virtue of an assignment made by David Jenkins on the 28th day of March, 1847, recorded in Deed Book No. 8, pages 21, 22 and 23, I hereby offer at private sale all the following property, to wit: A certain piece of land and premises situated adjoining the town of New Cumberland, Hancock County, West Virginia, on the Ohio River, containing two acres, two rods and thirty-eight perches, more or less, on which is erected a first-class steam saw mill in good running order, doing a large business. Any person desiring a safe and paying investment will be satisfied by making it in this property. I also offer at private sale by virtue of said assignment a fine two-story frame house and lot situated in said town of New Cumberland, but a few yards from the saw mill. The house is very conveniently and pleasantly situated, with excellent outbuildings. This notice is given to all persons who may have any claims against the estate of David Jenkins, deceased, to present them in due form to the Court for settlement. The regaining property will be offered at private sale until the 1st day of September next, on which day, if not sold, thereafter, will then be offered at the premises, commencing at the hour of 1:00 PM. Any Person desirous of purchasing either or both of the properties above described will please call on or address the undersigned at Freemason's Landing, Hancock County, West Virginia, who will give any information desired. Terms of payment reasonable. On June 2nd, THOMAS ANDERSON, Assignee, will auction off valuable real estate. The sale will be held on Monday, June 22nd, 1885, at 10:00 o'clock, A.M., at the front door of the Court House in Ohio County. Lot No. 220, situated on the North West corner of Off and Third Streets, Wheeling, upon which is erected a two-story brick building - two tenements, each containing seven rooms, kitchen, and cellar. Persons wishing to purchase are invited to call and see the premises. Terms of sale - $1,000 in cash on day of sale and the balance on a credit of six and twelve months, with interest from day of sale, the purchaser finding good security. The above sale is postponed till Wednesday, at 10:00 o'clock, A.M. For sale is my bridge, Port, Belmont County, Ohio. There is about 40 acres of ground. Trust of it planted in fruit, some of it bearing now: a food well I of water and necessary out buildings on the place. Terms low, and payments easy. If not disposed of or here on the 1st of August, I will lay it out in lots and sell them in that way. Any person wanting a good home, or a good investment, should do well to select this property. Wheeling, June 22, 1883. Semi-Annual Statement of Accounts, July 1, 1883. Personal Property $70,630 Bills and Notes Discounted... $89,431 Due by Continental Bank, N.Y $98,023 Bank of North America, Philadelphia $76,813 Merchants Bank, Baltimore 720 R. Patrick, A Co., Pittsburgh 2,736 41 A M. Bank, Wheeling 7,415 Other Banks and Bankers $8,043 Expenses account $935 Cash on hand $16,705 Total $138,749 CAPITAL. Capital Stock paid in $419,540 Surplus Fund $1,811 Due to other Banks $2,074 Special Deposit $63,685 Transient Deposits $63,467 Interest account $2,060 $133,749 J. R. DICKEY, Cash. DIVIDEND. The Directors of this Bank have this day declared a Dividend of six percent, on the Capital Stock, out of the profits of the last six months, payable to the Stockholders on demand, free of Federal and State taxes. J. H. DICKEY, Cash. Savings Bank of Wheeling. STATEMENT. ACCOUNTS. Capital Stock $18,680.00 For Sale - $811.69 Special Deposits $749.88 Transfers $80,507.23 Interest $91.00 Due to other Banks $89,45 $177,932.07 Wakenna, W.V., July 2, 1863. The Board of Directors of this Bank have this day declared a dividend of ten (10) percent out of the profits for the last six months; payable to stockholders on demand, free from all taxes. S.P. FATHER, Treasurer. To Wool Growers. New York, May 16,1863. GENTLEMEN: We are prepared to receive, handle, and sell Wool in large and small lots, under the following conditions: After the Wool is unloaded at our door, we will store, insure, grade, sell, deliver, collect, and remit, for one cent per pound. Our terms of sales are for cash, or net prices, adding interest for time. In no cases do we take paper without the owner's consent that will not sell alone. Our long acquaintance with the trade enables us to make quick sales at the market value. Having the confidence of large capitalists, also enables us to negotiate for advances on the most favorable terms. All remittances will be promptly forwarded with account of sales. We shall be pleased to receive your Wool, and will give it prompt attention - always keeping our friends posted on the condition of the market. Very respectfully, yours. H.A. PITTMORE & WALLACE, Wool Brokers, 70 Broad Street New York. TO LADIES. 'VTUUKB0U8 APPLICATIONS have from time t ll time been made to me by Ladles for !nstru< ion in writing and other subjects of study in th Wheeling Business School, but each has preferred t watt till others should begin. I respectfully iafori all interested that a class of Ladies has now cob menc* d, and I shall be glftd to receive more. octao-tf l.L mTCHOOCK. LACK CUBT4IS8, A PEW setts of Nottingham Lace Oort^lns 4 reduced prices, at _ J??? W.?. 8KSBKSMY7* THE Viusst Cigars aud Tobaoeo iu the olty cs always be fouud at the Odd Fellows Ball Drc St^re. ? BOC$fN0,Agt. NOTICE. To Whom it may Concern. /AN and alter the 1st of Jnly. 1M3. we lntead u will bo (Hi J48. O. PER A 00. Wheeling Battery. pouxi NDANTS or POSTS aud Pro Tort Mar l_; ehal. are rtqmlal la wnd any urn brtoagio, to BaUvi "D," Ut Va. Light ArUlUrjr, to ripor to their Captain at Wbtehn. Wrtt V., ?k?n th tneu will be cuneantnted and equlp\|M4 (of Mrtic a. >Pedily U poMibl. Pit ten or twenty good, young, able bodied m? ar. win tod to 111 up thi? Battery, aw] will L. tak. on application to eiUwr of th. cmiWomJ utttcel beloalnc to it. Capt- JOHN CARUN, Battery "D," IA ?a. Light AltllWr, Jon ClMWM?lw Stocks for Sale. Qoase, on Tufwki 10 cMeek, A. M Stock ot Um Iforthweetw Merchants' and Mwtisaire* Bu ot n>ir? m too Wheeling 8?ln\|i Iostltatjoa. ?sw?.of th. wh Jn\|y U, 1M3. JalMtd I!>' ""V; Wu%l, _ Jonii l"f Mali BtrMt. BUSINESS NOTICES; "A Field of Trials of Rev. J. H. Cornell N.Y. city, in a letter I procure Mrs. A.'s World Hair Color and Elastic for sale. I am happy to say it prevents the falling off of the hair, and restored it to its original luster, texture, and beautiful black color. Sold by Druggists everywhere. Depot, 126 Great, New York. SPECIAL NOTICES. Laughlin's Old Home Bitters, THIS PRICE OF VIRGINIA. For Halt, Mice, Hiccups, Aunts. Bed Bugs, Holli In Fur, Wool, etc. Direct on Plants, Fowl, Annuals, etc. Put up in 26c, 60c, and $1.00 Bottles, Mottled, and Flasks. $3 and $6 cases for Hotels, Public lighted Thou, Etc. "Only infallible remedies known." "Free from Poisonous." "Not dangerous to the Human Body." "Rats come out of their holes to die." Sold Wholesale in all large cities. Sold by all Druggists and General Stores everywhere. Shows that Costar's name is on each Box, Bottle, and Flask, before you buy. Address HERBY R. COMSTOCK. Principal Depot 483 Lake Street, N.Y. Sold by? K. BOOKING, A. O. GOOD. Wholesale and Retail Dealers, Garcia St. Wheeling, Va. A. M. ADAMS, A. J. ADAMS, W. M. DITTMAR A. M. Adams & Co. HAY Received one of the finest and best selected stocks of SPRING & SUMMER GOODS ever brought to the city CLOTHS of every grade and color. CASSIMERE, French and Domestic, of all styles and kinds. VESTING In great variety. Silk, Cashmere, Velvet, and Manilla of all kinds, which we will take to order on the shortest notice and in the best style of workmanship. We have also on hand a fine selected stock of Bead-Made Clothing, COATS, PANTS and VESTS of all kinds and qualities. SHIRTS and DRAWERS, Gum, Merino, Lamb, Wool and Cotton. We have a fine assortment of COLLARS, WHITE SHIRTS, HOCKS, GLOVES, SOCKS, FLEECED TIES, SUSPENDERS, Etc., Etc. We will be able to satisfy all who may favor us with their patronage, WHOLESALE * RETAIL. M. ADAMS & CO. We have also a fine assortment of U.S.A. MILITARY GOODS. OFFICERS' UNIFORM STYLES made to order on the shortest notice. Always on hand a fine assortment of RETAILERS, WORDS. BELTS, HOOKS, SHOULDER BELTS, BILLFOLDS, AND OTHERS. A necessary article this warm weather. That's what's the matter. You want a bottle. Don't go about complaining of being so weak and feeling so exhausted by the weather. You can be relieved very easily by using Laughlin's Old Home Bitters, THE PRIDE OF VIRGINIA. No need to go to the spring and spend so much money on "greenbacks." You will eat better and use course to feel better, and so a natural consequence look better, by using Laughlin's Old Home Bitters, THE PRIDE OF VIRGINIA. These Bitters are agreeable to the taste. In mild operation, more delicate than with any other. Speedy in action and penetrating the seat of disease, they impart now health and vigor to the system. The exquisite flavor, the delicate aroma and pleasant taste of this preparation render it peculiarly acceptable, even to the fevered and languid patient. Prepared only by LAUGHLIN & BURNSFIELD. Wholesale Druggists, Wheeling. NEVER KNOWN TO FAIL! DIXON'S AQUATIC Blackberry Carminative. THE SOVEREIGN REMEDY FOR Dysentry, Diarrhea, Piles, Cholera, Morbus and Summer Complaint. Titus Immunity leagues testify to the merit of remedy. The numerous daily reports of astonishment cure attest its value. It has an advantage over any other remedy, at once curing the disease and imparting tone and strength to the system. It is mild, yet potent, curing both infants and adults. To the soldier, especially, it is invaluable, being appropriately termed by them, in many certificates, "THE SOLDIER'S FRIEND." Mothers, find it superior to any soothing syrup for children teething; freed from the injurious effects of Narcotics, giving rest to the sufferer by removing fevers. Available at 25 GANTS C. HOTAL. Prepared only by WM. F. DAVIDSON, Cincinnati, O. Afternoon Report. The Effect in New York Sustained. New York, July 17, 8 A. M.?Everything is reported quiet in the city this morning. The placards posted about the streets last night, requesting persons whom the newspapers call rioters to congregate this afternoon at Bishop Hughs' residence, is an unmitigated and senseless hoax, got up by sympathizers of rioters. Gen. Kipalrick arrived last evening and a force of cavalry is to be immediately organized for mounted patrol. From military movements this morning, quietly made, there will be but little opportunity for the rioters to carry on their bellicose designs today, attempt at which will meet with terrible check. The 152d New York regiment arrived at midnight. The probably last fight of consequence between the military and the rioters took place last night near 29th street, where the military force had been sent to drive away the scoundrels who were plundering houses there. The mob concentrated strongly and the military withdrew. Nearly every house for three or four blocks on both sides of the street were filled with the mob, who fired bullets, stones, and other missiles upon the soldiers. The Times' report states that fifteen members of 5th company, 7th regiment, are reported killed by stones and brick bats. Seven hundred regulars were sent up as a reinforcement, when a terrible battle took place. Eleven rioters were killed, 18 wounded, and 35 taken prisoners. Two of the mob were run through with bayonets very handsomely. Fifteen more of the rioters were captured on the west side of town, and police are constantly bringing them in. Lee's Retrograde Movement New York, July 17.?The Times Washington specials say Surgeon Gen. Hammond has gone to Gettysburg. About 5000 union and 6000 rebel wounded are there, who are being rapidly sent to northern hospitals. Lee's headquarters on the 16th were reported at Banker Hill, between Winchester and Martinsburg. Rebel officers say that Lee will not make another stand this side of Richmond. His trains were all sent to Culpepper. Our cavalry are after the trains. A later dispatch to the Times states that our cavalry which crossed yesterday, now occupy all the passes as far south as Chester Gap and head the rebel army at Front Royal. The entire rebel force is moving down the valley as rapidly as possible. Their trains of cavalry, infantry, and artillery are in confusion and our cavalry are harassing them. Hundreds of prisoners are being captured. Cincinnati, July 17, Morgan passed through Piketon yesterday afternoon in the direction of Jackson, evidently making for the river via Pomeroy or Gallipolis. Last Night's Report. The Draft?Circular Ho-48 War Department, Provost Marshal's Office, Washington, July 17 ?The operations of the draft lately ordered in the New England and Middle States, though in most instances completed or now in progress without any opposition, have in one or two cases been temporarily interrupted. Provost Marshals are informed that no orders have been issued countermanding the draft. Adequate force has been ordered by the Government to the ports where the proceedings have been interrupted. Provost Marshals will be sustained by the military forces of the country in enforcing the draft in accordance with the laws of the United States and will proceed to execute the orders heretofore given for the draft as rapidly as shall be practicable by aid of the military forces ordered to cooperate with and protect them. Signed, James B. Fry, Provost Marshal General. The Riot Suppressed ?Lee Still in the Valley. New York, July 18.?The Post says Gen. Caby succeeds Gen. Brown by order of Gen. Wool. It is understood that the Mayor will issue a proclamation this morning, announcing the virtual suppression of the riot, but advising the citizens to arm themselves to protect their lives and property from predatory outlaws. Some 30 rioters were killed by the 7th regiment last night. The reported killing of 15 of the 7th regiment is not true. A special to the Post says the rebels have not yet moved out of the Shenandoah valley. A late arrival from Richmond reports great gloom there over the recent union victories. Operations of Morgan. Cincinnati, July 17.?Col. Kunkle with about 1500 men encountered Morgan's forces at Berlin, Jackson county, this afternoon. The enemy lost four killed. No loss on our side. Morgan moved off in an easterly direction. It is supposed he is making for Pomeroy or for the bridge below Buffington Island. The roads leading to Pomeroy are blockaded with trees for 15 miles. Gen. Hobson's advance reached Piketon today, twelve hours after Morgan left. The Gazette's Portsmouth dispatch says rebels on Thursday burned a steam saw mill and a bridge across the canal at Jasper, and a bridge across the Scioto above Piketon. This morning they burned a flour mill and railroad depot at Jackson, completely sacked the town and carried off all horses found. All Quiet in New York City. New York, July 17.?Gens. Wool and Brown have been relieved from command here. Gen. Cady assumes command of the Department of the East. Morris Boyle was arrested yesterday on a charge of shooting at policemen and soldiers, and was locked up in a station house. Judge McCaul promptly issued a writ of habeas corpus returnable at 3 o'clock, but there being a serious informality in the writ, the prisoner was released, and has been removed to military quarters. There are some 8000 troops now in the city and regiments continue to arrive. No disturbance has yet taken place today. The Draft Philadelphia, July 17 ?The draft in the 18th ward of this city has been completed in a quiet and orderly manner. FALL RIVER, July 17.?The statement that a riot was occurring in this city on Tuesday was an absolute falsehood. Boston, July 15.?The draft in Lowell, Chicopee, Springfield, and other towns has been effected in a quiet and orderly manner. A Spokesperson for Archbishop Haywood has stated that the police reports calling the rioters "genuine" were indeed correct. Over 5,000 Irishmen assembled at the residence of John O'Malley this morning, including known rioters, some of them armed. O'Malley's address, which was quite fatherly, is said to have been addressed to them. Declared on the ground of being a priest, he referred to Ireland and thanked God for having come to this country, where no oppression exists. He urged them to bear up under their suffering, rather than commit greater crimes. In this regard, the government is a foundation not to be destroyed. Everything is in the hands of the people, who, every four years, whether they make a blunder or not, are willing to be governed by. He implored them to go home, stop these proceedings, and support the laws which have not been made against them because they were Irish or Catholics. The crowd then peacefully dispersed. From the Southward, Moultrie, July 15.?According to Harbort's second report, great excitement and misinformation prevail throughout the country, caused by Sherman's movement. Cattle, horses, males, and negroes are being run over the Tombigbee river at every ferry. A large number of the latter are trying to make their way into our lines. Col. Hatch, of the 2d Iowa CTlJJr, '? command of the force sent in pursuit of^fce rebel bands north of the Memphis and Charleston Railroad, encountered the tor rest Rifles and Newcome. with 2000 B""' rd men. The fight commenced at tork Deer oreek, near Jackson. Ten?0 gained possession of the pl?=?- Q was twelve ki[led and wonted. The r.W loss was 100 killed and wo???eiv"d 50 to 100 pnsooerf. l2og00d horaea We^e"Pi?T,report o? a fight at. Helena yesterday iu circulation here, but it is not Proclamation of Mayor Opdyke Mayor's Orricit. Nnw Yon.1T To the CUUrm of JS'tv York:?The riotous assemblages bave been dispersed and busi ness is running in its usual .ympious of disorder remain exceptjo a small district io the eastern part ofthe city comprising a part or the 18th and 21st wards. The police i? everywhere nlert, a sulficient military force i? now here to sup- \| nress uur illegal movemeot bonever form Sdable. 'Let rnc exhort you therefore, to pursue your ordinary business, avoid espe cially crowds, remain quietly at you hol?? except when eng.ged la burners or assisting the authorities iI. .??? ???? iTHd force when the military appear ?o toe S^'ts d^not gather about it, being sure ihat it is doing iu duty in obedience lo orders froui superior authority Yonr botnes aod your places of business vou hare a right to defend, and U is your duty to protect them at all hatards. YUldto no intimation and to no demand for movement as the reason of your safety. In any person warns you to desert from your accustomed business. Rio no heed to the warning, but arrest the person and bring him to the nearest station house for punishment as a conspirator, he assured the public authorities he will protect you from those who have conspired against your peace, the Government of your choice and the laws which your representatives have made. Important from Charleston Boston, July 17 -A letter to the Herald dated off Charleston, 12th, states that the grand and final attack was assigned for Tuesday, the 14th. Everything is working well here. Morris Island is ours. Charleston and the forts are completely besieged. Five ironclads and fifteen gunboats are off Sumter. Ten gunboats, one forty gun frigate and the new Ironsides will cross over the bar tonight at high water. More ironclads arrived this afternoon, and 200 fresh men will assist the garrison and gunboats. Batteries with heavy 200 pounder rifled guns have been erected on Morris Island by our troops, and will take part in the bombardment of Sumter. Another Report from Charleston Philadelphia, July 17.?There are reports in the city that Charleston has been evacuated and burned. This statement is said to have come via Chattanooga. Nothing reliable has been received in regard to it. Valandingham Defines his Position Boston July 17.?The Courier today makes Valandingham's address to the people. He accepts the nomination for Governor, and defines his position in his usual style. The Loss by Fire in New York. New York, July 17. Marshal Baker's estimate of the losses by fire during the late riot stands at over $400,000. Between Monday morning and Thursday night, 34 riots occurred. Attempted Riot at Portsmouth, N.H. Boston, July 17. Some rough elements attempted to get up a riot in Portsmouth, N.H. last night, but they were summarily squelched by the Mayor and police and citizens. Three of the rioters were badly wounded. A detachment of marines, from the navy yard, and a company of regulars from Fort Constitution, were promptly on hand, but the riot was dispersed and quiet has since been maintained. A Groundless Rumor Philadelphia, July 17. There is not a word of truth in the report which has reached New York that there is a riot in this city. Post via., July 17. A Shepherd reports that when coming up from Harperswell this morning he heard firing, shortly from two vessels at Brooksbro. One vessel appeared to have heavier guns than the other. Lostown, July 17. Jos Morgan III has been reported hemmed in about 20 miles west of Gallipolis, and it is thought his forces will now be captured. Nashville, July 17. News received from Chattanooga today says Charleston is in possession of the federals. Major Geo Gordon Long takes command of the district of the Cumberland. Headquarters at Nashville. LAUGHLIN'S Old Home Bitters, THE PEARL OF VIRGINIA. A DELETAANT AND PLEASANT TONIC. "ATLANTIC A-8 OFFICIAl BARKS. The Pearl of Virginia, Cure for Dyspepsia, Liver Complaint. Old Home Bitters. The Pearl of Virginia, Cure for Flatulence and Indigestion. LAUGHLIN'S OLD HOME BITTERS. The Pearl of Virginia, Cures General Debility and Weakness. LAUGHLIN'S OLD HOME BITTERS, The Pearl of Virginia, Cure for Headache and Heartburn. LAUGHlin's OLD HOMR BITTERS. The Pride of Virginia, Cures and prevents Fever and Ague. LAUGHlin's OLD HOMR BITTERS, The Pride of Virginia, Cures Nervous Affections. LAUGHlin's OLD HOMR BITTERS, The Pride of Virginia, Cures Acidity of the Stomach. LAUGHLIN'S OLD HOMR BITTERS, The Pride of Virginia, Cures and prevents Fever and Ague. LAUGHlin's OLD HOMR BITTERS, The Pride of Virginia, Cures and restores Complexion and foul Breath. LAUGHlin's OLD HOMR BITTERS, The Pride of Virginia, Cures Nervous Affections. LAUGHlin's OLD HOMR BITTERS, The Pride of Virginia, Should be needed by all Travelers. LAUGHlin's OLD HOMR BITTERS, The Pride of Virginia, Should be needed by everyone. Delicate Vegetarians, Kids, Persons of Sedentary Habits, solidly excluded to Miasmatic influences. It can be used as a "Morning Appetizer." Prepared only by LAUGHlin & WASHINGTON, General Wholesale Druggists, Wheeling, West Virginia. WHOLESALE DRY GOODS. Simpson & Wilson. We call attention of Merchants to our large and attractive stock of Fancy & Staple DRY GOODS, At greatly reduced prices. Having our stock well assorted, we are prepared to meet the demands. We offer a full line of PRICES, OILS, SUGARS, COFFEES, TEAS, CHECKS, ETC. COTTON ADS, JACKET WOOL, DENIMS, KNITTING YARNS, ETC., ETC. As well as Full Line of Notions. Simpson & Wilson, 10 MONUMENT STREET, WHEELING, - - VA. LEVI STEIN, fashionable Merchant Tailor AND Wholesale & Retail Dealer IN READY-MADE CLOTHING, 13 MONUMENT STREET, WHEELING, VA. Office to be supplied of all kinds of clothing and delicately, and to the public in general A stock of CLYDE, DOUGLAS CA. SHIRTINGS, vesting, remaking GOODS AND READY-MADE CLOTHING. Which having been purchased for OUR OPENING, is NOW to sell on auction reasons perhaps Innumerable as any other similar establishment in the country. Among the stock will be found BLACK CLOTHS of the very best makes. DOUGLAS of English and French manufacturers. PANCV CAS0IM kltKS of mil mtylrm and qualltlaa. *?? entirely n.w, mi table for nuking ealte 81 tK, CASlUiEBB A SiNtilUH VBHTINUS FURNISDlNti G00D8, Such as WOOLKN AND WHITB OVERSHIRTS, UNDBR SH1&TS AND DRAWERS, SILK AND LINEN HANDKRRNHIEFS, NKCK-T1L3, HOSIERY, GLOVEg, SUn PENDER8, V In endlea* variety. . th? Tory patronage extended to tbe eetablisbmant in the past, he trusts to merit a continuance of the same. LEVI BTElBu N. B.?AH work warranted as represented. pr7-2mdAw GROCERIES. inn BBL8. PK1HK X. o. UQULMKi. 1VJV/ to bbli. Drnc. A tfoa'aUoldMi Sjron. SO bbla. Extra B Air. Syrup. ao hbda. N. u. u4 P. ?.?????. 100 bbU. aborted tclMl sjgv. Joet nnlnd, ?od fur ul. b, , fAXTUS, DOM Lax ? mays 500 T.r "?1" "? '? 2U) bbis. ??alt. 7ft bags Prfcae lUo Goflee. 6o U?e. Pearl Starch. flu dot. W aL boards 75 due. Buckets, Tube, Ac. On hand awd for self by fATffl.V, DOXLOff A 00LSBA\. mayae \| OUOSJJ nnNrV ? So I ?es Bsailsllsn ChsnaJ CUML. Ml hoae eod bbU. Uumi'i gortch ?m* bOhlf cheets Gunpowder. and Vvu^ Hyson MO blf bbls BtOur.Soda ' Starch. Natl, Ac,, PAXTOJ.!1 DOKU>y A OOLBBAT. 7^ ?J'* ???? - MIMP WfAUOdS. '?? SScmm Ulk ?TwU? fitklllb. A OSLABA ?ay? BBU.Ifo.Sit lUU luo kalf kUa.1 73 half Ml Bo, S da. * bt-U X. I- Umrrtmt. ti half hhb.Lafc? WhUaPI^. Pur ala by PJIXTD. AOKUW A OGLE BAT. ?ajrjtf. SAP, BIKE AND SPEKDV, IB ktnrt.toMa LIOUimM FLT HUBS. k??y kalf iknal I hat a it. Ttt iITi rit ?r? lilnt^lM It Ana kill lia by tha Mllk-a. It la aafa and \|iUauiit to haaaila. The dir?:Uuu.ai? ??ry aplat. ***** ? l? ?h. ZZtot. OalylncaalaaalMi. fwaalaby T. U. LOU AB A CO. aad UMA.V. LIST A OUl Whol^ala Prutnl.t., W. Ta. J?f* MCBITBP-falhar k* mt rn.m.y ft thahMdkmhtaC Tho Ut ai.1 laTgZlSmZ. ?"??&'!? ???? oi r.ii?. u.? JOST BBCBITED-A ?w .tuck af Wtm* Knata. Ma* Saaa Booka, Ac, all few ahl Uu Ut?a> phbSabad. Pur^laby J??" _J?. asAtnyxx _ TKiVBLISO DRENM UOODH. PLAUf ALPAOCAS, 1 - -.
github_open_source_100_8_20220	Github OpenSource	Various open source	(define-library (seth snow2 client) (export install uninstall main-program) (import (scheme base) (scheme write) (scheme file) (scheme process-context)) (cond-expand (chibi (import (only (srfi 1) filter make-list any fold))) (guile (import (srfi :1))) (else (import (srfi 1)))) (cond-expand (chibi (import (chibi filesystem))) (else)) (cond-expand ;; (guile (import (srfi :13) (srfi :37) (srfi :27))) (else (import (except (srfi 13) string-copy string-map string-for-each string-fill! string-copy! string->list) (srfi 37) (srfi 27) (srfi 29)))) (import (snow filesys) (snow binio) (snow genport) (snow zlib) (snow tar) (snow assert) (prefix (seth http) http-) (seth cout) (seth temporary-file) (seth string-read-write) (seth uri) (seth crypt md5) (seth snow2 types) (seth snow2 utils) (seth snow2 r7rs-library) (seth snow2 manage) ) (begin (define (display-error msg err . maybe-depth) (let* ((depth (if (pair? maybe-depth) (car maybe-depth) 0)) (depth-s (make-string (* depth 2) #\space))) (display depth-s) (display "Error -- ") (display msg) (display " ") (write (error-object-message err)) (newline) (write (error-object-irritants err)) (for-each (lambda (irr) (cond ((error-object? irr) (display-error "" irr (+ depth 1))) (else (display depth-s) (write irr (current-error-port)) (newline (current-error-port))))) (error-object-irritants err)))) (define (write-tar-recs-to-disk destination-path tar-recs paths-to-extract) (let loop ((tar-recs tar-recs)) (cond ((null? tar-recs) #t) (else (let ((t (car tar-recs))) ;; the package tgz files are all contained within a single ;; toplevel directory. when we install the package for use, ;; we pretend they aren't. ;; XXX this is a hack, do something better here. (let* ((path (snow-split-filename (tar-rec-name t))) (path-sans-container (cdr path)) ;; name-sans-container is the file-name on the ;; actual file-system where a change is about ;; to be made (name-san-container (snow-combine-filename-parts (append destination-path path-sans-container)))) (cond ;; the tar file will contain files we don't want ;; to install. skip over anything that doesn't ;; match something in paths-to-extract ((not (member path-sans-container paths-to-extract)) #t) ((eq? (tar-rec-type t) 'regular) (tar-rec-name-set! t name-san-container) ;; create the directory that contains this file (let* ((path (snow-split-filename (tar-rec-name t))) (parent-path (reverse (cdr (reverse path))))) (if (not (null? parent-path)) (snow-create-directory-recursive (snow-combine-filename-parts parent-path)))) ;; be careful that we don't chase a symlink and ;; overwrite the target. If snow2 was used to ;; make symlinks to libraries, we don't want to ;; accidently overwrite local changes with a ;; downloaded (and older) version. If the destination ;; file is a directory... punt; who knows what's ;; happening? (cond ((or (snow-file-symbolic-link? (tar-rec-name t)) (snow-file-directory? (tar-rec-name t))) (display "not overwriting " (current-error-port)) (display (tar-rec-name t) (current-error-port)) (newline (current-error-port))) (else (let ((hndl (binio-open-output-file (tar-rec-name t)))) (binio-write-subu8vector (tar-rec-content t) 0 (bytevector-length (tar-rec-content t)) hndl) (close-output-port hndl))))) (else (error "unexpected file type in tar file"))) (loop (cdr tar-recs)))))))) (define (install library-names link-types steps destination-path verbose) ;; this is the main interface point for downloading/finding and ;; unpacking packages. ;; library-names is a list of library-name s-expressions. ;; link-types can be #f or a list like '(symbolic hard). it being ;; a list will cause symlinks or hardlinks to source files rather ;; than copies (when possible). verbose prints more. (define (install-from-tgz repo package local-package-tgz-file) (guard (err (#t (display-error local-package-tgz-file err) (raise err))) (let* ((pkg-tgz-size (snow2-package-size package)) (checksum (snow2-package-size package)) (pkg-md5-sum (cond ((and checksum (pair? checksum) (eq? (car checksum) 'md5)) (cadr checksum)) (else #f)))) (let* ((zipped-p (genport-open-input-file local-package-tgz-file)) (unzipped-p (gunzip-genport zipped-p)) (tar-data (genport-read-u8vector unzipped-p))) (genport-close-input-port unzipped-p) ;; if the package metadata had (size ...) or (checksum ...) ;; make sure the provided values match those of what we've ;; un-gzipped. (cond ((and pkg-md5-sum (not (eq? pkg-md5-sum (md5 tar-data)))) (display "Error: checksum mismatch on ") (display (uri->string (snow2-package-url package))) (display " (") (display local-package-tgz-file) (display ") -- expected ") (write pkg-md5-sum) (display " and got ") (write (md5 tar-data)) (newline) (exit 1)) ((and (number? pkg-tgz-size) (not (= pkg-tgz-size (bytevector-length tar-data)))) (display "Error: size mismatch on ") (display (uri->string (snow2-package-url package))) (display " (") (display local-package-tgz-file) (display ") -- expected ") (write pkg-tgz-size) (display " and got ") (write (bytevector-length tar-data)) (newline) (exit 1))) (let* ((tarred-p (genport-open-input-u8vector tar-data)) (tar-recs (tar-unpack-genport tarred-p)) ;; the package contains files that may not be needed ;; for this "step". The only two steps this code ;; currently supports are "test" and "final". ;; libs-for-step is the list of snow2-libraries from ;; this package that are for use in the given steps. (libs-for-steps (find-libraries-for-steps package steps))) (genport-close-input-port tarred-p) (for-each (lambda (lib) (let* ((file-for-step (snow2-library-path lib)) (path-for-step (snow-split-filename file-for-step))) ;; extract the main .sld file for each library (write-tar-recs-to-disk destination-path tar-recs (list path-for-step)) ;; examine each extracted .sld file and see if they ;; include other files (let* ((lib-filename (snow-combine-filename-parts (append destination-path path-for-step))) ;; read the library s-exp back in (lib-sexp (r7rs-library-file->sexp lib-filename)) ;; find included files (included-files (filter (lambda (included-file) (not (equal? included-file lib-filename))) (r7rs-get-library-manifest lib lib-sexp))) ;; convert to path-part lists (included-paths (map snow-split-filename included-files))) ;; write out files included by this library (write-tar-recs-to-disk destination-path tar-recs included-paths)))) libs-for-steps)))))) (define (install-from-http repo package url) (let-values (((write-port local-package-tgz-file) (temporary-file #t))) (display "downloading ") (display (snow-filename-strip-directory (uri->string url))) (display " from ") (display (uri->string (snow2-repository-url repo))) (newline) (let ((download-success (guard (err (#t (display-error (string-append "Unable to install package: " (uri->string url)) err) (raise err))) (http-download-file (uri->string url) write-port)))) (cond (download-success (let ((success (install-from-tgz repo package local-package-tgz-file))) (delete-file local-package-tgz-file) success)) (else #f))))) (define (install-links local-repository package link-types) (cond (verbose (newline) (display "installing package: ") (write (snow2-package-get-readable-name package)) (newline))) (let* ((libraries (find-libraries-for-steps package steps)) (lib-sexps (map (lambda (lib) (let* ((lib-filename (local-repository->in-fs-lib-filename local-repository lib))) (r7rs-library-file->sexp lib-filename))) libraries)) (manifest (fold append '() (map r7rs-get-library-manifest libraries lib-sexps))) (repo-path (uri-path (snow2-repository-local local-repository)))) (cond (verbose (display "source files for ") (write (map snow2-library-name libraries)) (display ": ") (write manifest) (newline))) (for-each (lambda (library-member-filename) (let* ((dst-path (snow-split-filename library-member-filename)) (dst-filename (snow-combine-filename-parts dst-path)) (dst-dir-path (reverse (cdr (reverse dst-path)))) (dst-dirname (snow-combine-filename-parts dst-dir-path)) (src-path (append repo-path dst-path)) (src-filename (snow-combine-filename-parts src-path))) ;; (display "src-path=") (write src-path) (newline) ;; (display "src-filename=") (write src-filename) (newline) ;; (display "dst-path=") (write dst-path) (newline) ;; (display "dst-filename=") (write dst-filename) (newline) ;; (display "dst-dir-path=") (write dst-dir-path) (newline) ;; (display "dst-dirname=") (write dst-dirname) (newline) (snow-create-directory-recursive dst-dirname) (cond ((or (file-exists? dst-filename) (snow-file-symbolic-link? dst-filename)) (delete-file dst-filename))) (let ((relative-file-name (cond ((snow-filename-relative? src-filename) ;; we are making a link in a subdirectory, ;; so prepend the required number of ../ (let* ((link-parts (snow-split-filename dst-filename)) (depth (length link-parts)) (dots (make-list (- depth 1) ".."))) (apply snow-make-filename (reverse (cons src-filename dots))))) (else src-filename)))) ;; try each link type in turn (let loop ((link-types link-types)) (cond ((null? link-types) (error "unable to create link" src-filename dst-filename)) (else (let ((link-type (car link-types))) (guard (err (#t (display-error (string-append "failed to " (write-to-string link-type) " link " src-filename " to " dst-filename) err) (loop (cdr link-types)))) (cond ((eq? link-type 'symbolic) (snow-create-symbolic-link relative-file-name dst-filename)) ((eq? link-type 'hard) (snow-create-hard-link src-filename dst-filename)) (else (error "unknown link type"))))))))))) manifest))) (define (install-from-directory repo package url) (let ((local-package-tgz-file (snow-combine-filename-parts (local-repository->in-fs-tgz-path repo package)))) (display "extracting ") (display (snow2-package-get-readable-name package)) (display " from ") (display local-package-tgz-file) (newline) (install-from-tgz repo package local-package-tgz-file))) (let* ((pkgs (find-packages-with-libraries library-names)) (libraries (snow2-packages-libraries pkgs)) (packages (gather-depends libraries steps))) (for-each (lambda (package) (let* ((package-repo (snow2-package-repository package)) (success (cond ;; local repository, use symlinks ((and (snow2-repository-local package-repo) link-types) (install-links package-repo package link-types)) ;; local repository, use tgz files ((snow2-repository-local package-repo) (install-from-directory package-repo package (snow2-repository-local package-repo))) ;; remote repository (else (install-from-http package-repo package (snow2-package-absolute-url package)))))) (cond ((not success) (display "Failed to install " (current-error-port)) (display (snow2-package-name package) (current-error-port)) (display ", " (current-error-port)) (display (uri->string (snow2-package-url package)) (current-error-port)) (newline (current-error-port)))))) packages))) (define (uninstall library-names) #f) (define (list-depends library-names steps) ;; print out what library-name depends on (let* ((pkgs (find-packages-with-libraries library-names)) (libraries (snow2-packages-libraries pkgs)) (packages (gather-depends libraries steps))) (for-each (lambda (package) (for-each (lambda (library) (display (snow2-library-name library)) (newline)) (find-libraries-for-steps package steps))) packages))) (define (filter-libraries libs search-term) (let loop ((libs libs) (results '())) (cond ((null? libs) (reverse results)) (else (let* ((lib (car libs)) (name-as-string (write-to-string (snow2-library-name lib)))) (loop (cdr libs) (if (string-contains-ci name-as-string search-term) (cons lib results) results))))))) (define (search-for-libraries search-terms) (for-each (lambda (result) (display (snow2-library-name result)) (newline)) (let loop ((search-terms search-terms) (libs (all-libraries))) (if (null? search-terms) libs (loop (cdr search-terms) (filter-libraries libs (car search-terms))))))) (define (all-libraries) ;; make a list of all libraries in all repositories (let ((iter (make-repository-iterator))) (let repo-loop ((repository (get-next-repository iter)) (results '())) (cond ((not repository) results) (else (let pkg-loop ((packages (snow2-repository-packages repository)) (results results)) (cond ((null? packages) (repo-loop (get-next-repository iter) results)) (else (pkg-loop (cdr packages) (append results (snow2-package-libraries (car packages)))))))))))) (define options (list (option '(#\r "repo") #t #f (lambda (option name arg operation repos prepos link-types libs test verbose destination) (values operation (reverse (cons (uri-reference arg) (reverse repos))) prepos link-types libs test verbose destination))) (option '(#\p "prepend-repo") #t #f (lambda (option name arg operation repos prepos link-types libs test verbose destination) (values operation repos (reverse (cons (uri-reference arg) (reverse prepos))) link-types libs test verbose destination))) (option '(#\d "destination") #t #f (lambda (option name arg operation repos prepos link-types libs test verbose destination) (values operation repos prepos link-types libs test verbose arg))) (option '(#\s "symlink") #f #f (lambda (option name arg operation repos prepos link-types libs test verbose destination) (values operation repos prepos '(symbolic) libs test verbose destination))) (option '(#\l "link") #f #f (lambda (option name arg operation repos prepos link-types libs test verbose destination) (values operation repos prepos '(hard symbolic) libs test verbose destination))) (option '(#\t "test") #f #f (lambda (option name arg operation repos prepos link-types libs test verbose destination) (values operation repos prepos link-types libs #t verbose destination))) (option '(#\v "verbose") #f #f (lambda (option name arg operation repos prepos link-types libs test verbose destination) (values operation repos prepos link-types libs test #t destination))) (option '(#\h "help") #f #f (lambda (option name arg operation repos prepos link-types libs test verbose destination) (usage ""))))) (define (usage msg) (let ((pargs (command-line))) (parameterize ((current-output-port (current-error-port))) (display msg) (newline) (display (car pargs)) (display " ") (display "[arguments] <operation> '(library name)' ...\n") (display " <operation> can be one of: install ") (display "uninstall list-depends search\n") (display " -r --repo <url> ") (display "Add to list of snow2 repositories.\n") (display " -p --prepend-repo <url> ") (display "Prepend to built-in list of snow2 repositories.\n") (display " -v --verbose ") (display "Print more.\n") (display " -h --help ") (display "Print usage message.\n") (newline) (display "For install operation:\n") (display " -d --destination <directory> ") (display "Set where to install packages.\n") (display " -s --symlink ") (display "Make symlinks to a repo's source files.\n") (display " -l --link ") (display "Make hard-links to a repo's source files.\n") (display " -t --test ") (display "Install code needed to run tests.\n") (newline) (display "Repository Maintenance:\n") (display " When the current directory is within a source ") (display "repository, <operation>\n can also be one of: ") (display "run-source-tests package upload check\n") (newline) (display "Example: snow2 install '(snow hello)'\n") (newline) (display "see ") (display "https://github.com/sethalves/snow2-client#snow2-client\n") (exit 1)))) (define (read-library-name library-name-argument) (guard (err (#t (usage (string-append "\nincorrectly formatted library-name argument: \"" library-name-argument "\"\n\n")))) (read-from-string library-name-argument))) (define (main-program) (random-source-randomize! default-random-source) (let-values (((operation repository-urls prepend-repository-urls link-types args test verbose destination) (args-fold (cdr (command-line)) options ;; unrecognized (lambda (option name arg . seeds) ;; (error "Unrecognized option:" name) (usage (string-append "Unrecognized option:" (if (string? name) name (string name)) "\n\n"))) ;; operand (arguments that don't start with a hyphen) (lambda (operand operation repos prepos link-types libs test verbose destination) (if operation (values operation repos prepos link-types (cons operand libs) test verbose destination) (values operand repos prepos link-types libs test verbose destination))) #f ;; initial value of operation '() ;; initial value of repos '() ;; initial value of prepos #f ;; initial value of link-types '() ;; initial value of args #f ;; initial value of test #f ;; initial value of verbose #f ;; initial value of destination ))) (snow2-trace "starting...") (if (and (pair? repository-urls) (pair? prepend-repository-urls)) (usage "don't use both -r and -p")) (let* ((default-repo-url "http://snow2.s3-website-us-east-1.amazonaws.com/index.scm") (repository-urls (if (null? repository-urls) (append prepend-repository-urls (list (uri-reference default-repo-url))) repository-urls)) (steps (if test '(test final) '(final))) (credentials #f) (destination-path (cond (destination (snow-split-filename destination)) (else (snow-split-filename "."))))) (snow2-trace "done deciding repos") (for-each caching-get-repository repository-urls) (snow2-trace "done with caching-get-repository") (cond (verbose (display "repositories:\n") (let ((iter (make-repository-iterator))) (let repo-loop ((repository (get-next-repository iter))) (cond (repository (cout " " (repository-urls->string repository) "\n") (repo-loop (get-next-repository iter)))))))) (cond ((not operation) (usage "")) ;; search operation ((member operation '("search")) (search-for-libraries args)) ;; tar up and gzip a package ((member operation '("package")) (make-package-archives args verbose) (report-unfound-libs)) ;; run tests in a source repository ((member operation '("run-source-tests")) (run-source-tests args verbose)) ;; upload a tgz package file ((member operation '("s3-upload" "upload-s3" "upload")) (upload-packages-to-s3 credentials args verbose)) ;; repository source sanity checker ((member operation '("check" "lint")) (for-each-repository sanity-check-repository) (check-packages credentials args verbose)) ;; librarys operations (else (let ((library-names (map read-library-name args))) (cond (verbose (display "libraries:\n" (current-error-port)) (write library-names) (newline))) (cond ;; install libraries and dependencies ((equal? operation "install") (install library-names link-types steps destination-path verbose)) ;; uninstall libraries ((equal? operation "uninstall") (uninstall library-names)) ;; list what a library depends on ((member operation '("list-dep" "list-depends")) (list-depends library-names steps)) ;; unknown operation (else (usage (string-append "Unknown operation: " operation "\n\n")))) (report-unfound-libs)))))))))
unterdenunstreflichenaethiopen_3	German-PD	Public Domain	Oie Ogjfenterte nagm gu. Unb ald mir bann in bie Gebirge tarnen, {teilten ficg Bungenentgünbungen in großer SRenge ein. 3cg gäbe im Orte Ofcgantba, am mittleren goto, im gangen 38 Bungen« entgünbungen gu begaitbeln gehabt (Sin SBunber mar ed nicgt, menn bei ben nun folgenben SRärfcgen bie (Sefuttbgeit ber Stalonne meßr unb meßr an Straft einbügte. Xäg« ließ gatten mir fcgmeren Stegen. Oie Oäter, burcß bie mir gogen, maren mie ein Scgmamnt. Oie Iteinften ©äcße, bie in ber Orodtengeit Über« ßaupt nicgt rinnen, maren gu glüffen bon megreren 2Retern liefe unb ©reite angefcgmolten, unb alted Battb, bad nicgt gügetig mar, gellte einen eingtgen grogen, überfcgmemmten Sumpf bar. Stocg gente ift ed mir unberftdnbticg, bag ed überßaupt gelang, mit ben ©{erben biefen SBeg in bad garotal gurücfgutegen. 3umeilen mürben jie ber« artig bom Strome abgetrieben, bag mir fcgon bie Hoffnung auf igte Stettung aufgaben. Oie (Singeborenen fetbft ergägtten, bag fie feit SRenfcßengebenfen (eine berartige Ueberfcgtoemtnung erlebt gätten. Unfer erfted 8id mar Xfcßamba, eine ftabtartige gulbenieber« taffung, bie giemticß am guge bei Sttantica^Sebirged gelegen ift. $ier mottte icg megrere Sftocßen bleiben unb bie Organifatton ber (leinen Stämme, bie runbgerum auf ben ©ergfptßen unb in ben Oätern ber (Sebirge moßnen, gubieren. (Sd mar am 28. 3(uguft, giemticß fpät bed Staigmittagd, atd mir am garo mit ber Sptße ber Stalonne anlangten. Oroßbem fcgon feit megreren Zagen ©oten ben (Satabima bon Zfcgamba auf unfer Stammen borbereitet gatten, fanben mir gu unferem (Srgaunen lein eingiged ©oot auf unferer Seite bed bergeit gu einem mädgtigen Strom angemacgfenen gtuffed. gcg mußte atfo erg gu einem be« nacgbarten Beiler fcgtdfen, bort eine Heine ©arte auftreiben (affen, um ben gulbegerrn gu benacgrtcgtigen, bag ed bie göcgge 3«it fei, bie gum Ueberfcgiffen notmenbigen grogen ©oote gerübergufettben. Oer gute (Satabima, ber ficgerticg bie Zrompetenfignate fcgon feit längerer Seit gegärt gaben rnugte, beeilte ficg aber abfo(ut nicgt, (am aucg gar nicgt fetbft gerbet, bie Arbeiten feiner Beute gu über« macgen, fonbem fanbte einen recgt täricgten alten SftaOen, ber ficg nicgt gu gelfen mußte, an bad Ufer gerab. 2Rit großer SRiige mürben Digitized by Google SJafcl: Kameruner 93ergbetoo$ner I. Digitized by ooQle (•puapafc jaos uo&) I I Digitized by Google 3tet$0\|rff ift ©tubien. 25 bie tßfetbe getübergebradgt, unb itg galoppierte bk Sngöge jur «Stabt hinauf, $m Sieftbenturlager angelangt, fanbte ich junt Galabima unb lieg ihn erfucgen, su erfdfeinen. 3>et hohe $ett tarn aber nicht unb etUärte, ec hätte gerabe fein Gebet öor. darauf machte ich ntich benn felbft auf. 3$ traf ben alten $errn nicht beim Gebet, fonbecn bei bec SDtaglseit. 35er bomehme gutbe mar fo gatmtoS, mich sunädgft nicht einmal su grflgen. 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Gleichseitig gab ich einem «Solbaten in feinet Gegenmatt ben Sefegt, sunt nüdgftmognenben Stonfurrenten beS $etrn Galabima gu matfdgieten unb biefen su erfudgen, mit mit in Sertegr SU treten, ba idg mit bem betseitigen §erm bon Sfdgamba nidgt gu »erlegten bermöge. SllS ber gute Galabima gärte, bag idg igm feinen gulbetonturrenten bitelt nadg Sfdgamba rufen mürbe, be!am er einen gemattigen Sdgrecf. 3fm Gtunbe genommen mat er ein guter ftetl, bet fich uut in legtet Seit einige Unberfdgämtgeiten gegen einen beutfdgen Zollbeamten ungefttaft gatte leiften lämten, unb beffen Stamm bem* nadg gefdgmotlen mat. 35er gute Galabima gatte im borliegenben galle aber noch einen gans befonbeten Gtunb, unfere Gegenmatt fegt unliebfam gu empfinben. ©t fag mit Slngftgefüglen bet Sefdjneibung einet bis bagin ungefegmägig auSgeübten SRadgt entgegen. Um baS Staegfotgenbe su berftegen, mug idg bie Sergältniffe in ben tübamaua genannten Seilen beS nätblidgen Kamerun beS näheren fdgilbetn. 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DaS ©Haberetgefchäft int alten ©inne, b. h- bet ©Habenhanbel tnat nachgerabe unmöglich getoorben, uttb fomit hatte eine neue Ber* mertung beS gefangenen ÜDtenfdhenmaterialS angefangen: bie ©Haben mußten große SanbfchaftSgebiete für ihre fetten in Stuttur erhalten. 3 $ ftelle hier fdhon feft, baß btefe Sanbfultur bet gulbe, bie bon ©Haben ausgeführt mürbe unb $eute noch toitb, fehr fcßlet^t ift; ganj im (Segenfaße }u ben ftulturflächen, metche bie in bie Berge jurüdgebrängten ©plitterftämme bearbeiten, unb bie man birelt als mußerfjaft bejetchnen muß. (ES ift ntd)t fchmer, eine (ErH&rung hierfür ju finben. Die Arbeit bet Dienettben unb 3ttfammengemürfetten wirb in Stfrita nur bann gut merben, toenn ber $err fie berfteßt. 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Der fehr eifrige, hbfUdhe, briefliche Berfehr, ben mein arabifcß fd^reibenber ©etretär mit ben (Eingeborenen pflegte, hatte einen fehr guten (Erfolg. Unb befonberS ber gürft bon ÜDtarua, ber bon 9leiBuba unb ber bon 9tgaunbere gingen aufS freunbfchaftlichfte auf meine SBtünfcße ein. Der Heinliche $err bon Xfcßantba aber, bem ich mit ber So tonne am näcßften rüdte, begann ju fürsten, ich möchte ihm ben Söeg Digitized by ooQle 3lttgiopif$e ©tubien. 27 }tt feinen SRÜtg fpenbenben Äügen int 2Uanttca-©ebirge abfgerren. (Somit toac er toon bomgerein ftgletgt auf un$ ju fpretgen unb berfutgte mitg ebenfo abjufReifen, toie e8 igm gelungen tont, ben beutftgen 3olIbeamten ju beganbeln. üDa bie guten gulbe nun aber untereinanber itid^t gan$ einig finb, fo mugte bie einfache ©enbung an ben nätgften, int ©üben toognettben gfulbefürften in bem ©alabima noch bie jtoette gurtgt ertoeden, ein Äonfucreitt löttne igm gier im eigenen ©täbttgen ectoatgfen, ber bann feinerjeit al8 greitnb bet ©eigen bie ©agne bon ber SDMIdg, bie nocg übrigblieb, abftgöpfen mürbe. «lifo toarb in ber gleidgen Statgt ber gute ©alabima notg retgt liebenStoürbig. SB gegen SWorgen gin ftanb er felbft am Ufer unb übermalte ben fdgtoierigen Uebergang, ben ein fiernenllarer Fimmel erfreulitgertoeife begünstigte, fo bag 2ßartiu8 unb itg un8 am SDfcorgen um 4 Ugr aufs Säger toerfen fonnten, in bem angenegmen ©efügle, eine retgt ftgtoierige Steife unb eine ettoaS fritiftge ©ituation glüd- litg übertouttben ju gaben. tim anberen Sage begann itg fogleicg bie entfpretgenbe tlrbeit. gtg fanbte einige 3>olmetfdger in bie SJerge, ju ben näigfttoognenben fogenannten Komai-Stämmen, unb lieg ignen mitteilen, bag itg mit ignen in freunbUtge Beilegungen treten tooKe. !$cg lieg auö- brüdlitg betonen, bag itg nitgt mit ben gulbe jufammen lontmen toollte, um fie nitgt ju erftg reden. ©ir toollten un8 freunbftgaftlitg über bie alten ©itten unb ©etoogngeiten auSfpretgen, unb fie Idnnten mir igre Klagen, toenn fie foltge gälten, oortragen. gdg fanbte meine beften Seute unb toattbte ben Untergattblungen ber nätgften Sage alle ©orgfalt ju, bie mdglitg toar. (58 berftegt fitg bon felbft, bag bie Seute nitgt fogleitg mit ferneren ©efdgenlen überftgüttet tourben, fottbern bag toir bor allen Gingen banatg tradgteten, ignen llar &u ntatgen, bag toir öurogäer fie auf feben gall bor Ungeretgtigleüen unb ©rpreffungen ftgügen unb igre toirllitgen greunbe fein toollten. gtg bat fie, mit meinen Seuten bireft in Unterganblungen ju treten, bon biefen ju gören, toie toir in anberen Säitbern unfere Arbeiten burdggefügrt gatten, ©ie toürben bann erlennen, bag toir nitgtS SBöfeS im ©tgilbe fügrten unb jjebenfallö in ber Sage toären, ignen beffere greunbe ju fein al8 biefe gulbe, bie ignen feit längerer Seit bie ftglimmften ttadjbarn getoefen feien. 3>ie Bergaitblungen untren ftgtoierig unb jeitraubenb. ®ie Seute toaten fegr berängftigi «CIS fie aber görten, toie idg ben guten ©alabima &uretgtgetoiefen gatte, tourben fie jutraulitger. ®ie erften famen uttb tourben freunblidg Digitized by Google 28 Stettyopifcpe ©tubien. aufgenommen. ©ie ergählten mit bann, baß fie bereinft bal gange weite garotal bewohnt unb bort ihre teilen gelbet gehabt hätten. 3<h fli«ß mit ihnen hinaul, unb fie geigten mit bie ©teile, wo ßeute noch bie Riefen bet alten Kderanlagen unter bem @rafe et« halten waten, geh oerfprach ihnen, Wal an mit läge, gu tun, um baffit gu forgen, baß fie aul ihren unwirtlichen ©ebirglgegenben, in benen nur enge Säler im peinigen Gebiete bie Rderfultur ge« ftatteten, wiebet gurüdlämen unb ihre alten ©i\|e wiebet einnähmen, ohne bem „©pftem bet gulbe" wiebet anheim gu fallen. Sit würben greunbe, unb fie, bie noch bot wenigen fahren ihre $fetle auf bie (Europäer gerichtet hatten, weil fie fürchteten, bal burdE» bie gulbe gefeßaffene ®rangfal würbe fich noch bermehten, — fie felbft luben uni ein, auf bie $&hen pinaufgufteigen. ©ie $ontai unb bie Rambii unb Sotto unb bie Sfcpamba unb ©urru unb bie DaHd unb wie fie fonft alte heißen mögen, lamen benn nach unb nach gu uni unb fie alle etwiefen fich all prächtige SRenfcpen, mit benen Joir eine herglicpe greunbfepaft pflegen tonnten — all SRenfcpen, bie wir fogleich fchilbetn werben, unb bie unfet aller Achtung, in welchem ©inne el auch immer fei, beanfpruchen fönnen. ©ie fcpledjte ©timmung bei guten (Satabima beffette fich aber auch. (St fab, baß gegen ben neuen Bug bet Btt für ihn nicht! weiter gu unternehmen Wat, unb baß el bal tlügfte wäre, fich hier angupaffen. 2Rit reichen (Sefcpenten an ®iep begann et ben Ber« fuep, unfet? greunbfehaft wiebet gu erobern, unb nachbem wir ihm noch gehörig ®ef<heib gefagt hatten, unb et bie in febr fcplecptem Bußanb befindlichen, feinet Obhut an Oertrauten Regie« tunglhäufet gtünblich repariert hatte, tarnen wir bann auch mit ihm in ein beffetel Berpältnil. $n Welch ungeheuerliche! (Slenb habe ich aber in biefen Sagen hineinfehen lönnen! Selch glüdlicpe Beit muß el gewefen fein, all bie fleißigen Keinen ©tämme in ben Sälern wohnten, unb all bie weiten gturen in Oolter Kultur ftanben! Säte e! nicht eine febt große unb bebeutenbe Aufgabe, bal ßanb langfam oon bem (Slenb biefer gulbefeffel gu befreien? $aben Wir nicht bei biefen erften (Erfahrungen felbft gefehen, wie unenblich bal Qanb auch heute noch leibet unter biefer Geißel? Bäre el nicht ein erftrebeniwerte! Biel, an bie ©teile bet unfreien, f<hle<hten ©flaöenfelbarbett Wieber bie freie Betätigung bet emfigen unb tulturgefchicften ©plitterftämme gu feßen? Bürbe e! nicht ficperlicb lohnen, einige praftifepe Junge Offigiere in bal öanb gu fenben, welche bem mit jehwerer Arbeit überhäuften Reftbenten biefel Bert abnähmen? — bie Arbeit, biefel Digitized by Google 3{et$iopif<$« ©tubien. 29 Üanb mieber frei unb ertragreicher zu geftalten, fo bafj eS in bet Kolonie mieber ben bebeutenben unb anfehnlidjen $lap eitmAhnte, bet ihnt gebührt? ... □ □ fj ür ben Sag, ba mit junt Äomai-Slanttca©ebirge entbot 2g» ae ^“”tö en fliegen, hatte uns bet $immet ein gnäbigeS Sntlip befchert. ®er Sftorgen toar noch ttübe unb grau unb reich an fchlimmer Erfahrung P»wo« $wM«n8. getoefen. SRein alter Unteroffizier Siba trat jum zweiten SRale auf biefet Steife bet Bungenlranlbeit anheimgefallen, einige Beute traten triebet an üDhffenterie ertranlt; bie SRalaria hatte mich fetbft gegen ÜRotgen gepadt. 2118 bann feboch bie ©omte aufftieg unb mit ihrem tratmen Beuchten übet bie treiten Saff er flächen beS gfaro tale8 in bet Stefe glänzte unb ben mächtigen Sergftod bunt färbte, als bie Ißferbe luftig miehetten unb bet 8u0 fich in Setoegung fefcte, ba tratb unS allen fröhlich zumute; benn mit gingen {a einem fchönen (Ereigniffe entgegen, bet frieblichen (Eroberung eines Keinen SolleS, bet freunblichen Sezmingung einer liebensmürbigen Solls* feele. (SS mar {ebenfalls ein munbetlichet dag, bet fich erft butch bie Salebene unb bann am Sergabhang hin bemegte. (SS mar leine gltnte, lein SRorbgefchog, lein ©äbel ober ©djmert, leine fianze unb lein Sogen zu fehen. Such bie Sergbetrohner felbft, bie gu unS als {{führet herabgelommen maten, traten bet Saffen bat. Sm fteileren Setgabhange mufjten mir bie $ferbe rerlaffen unb zurüd- jehiden; benn bet Sufftieg mar fchtoff unb feht felfig. Sit Kommen bis zu einem Keinen Saff er falle, ben bet 9tberaSa<h ffiex bilbet, ernftot, überfchritten ihn in mehr ober meniger graziöfen ©prüngen unb maten lutze 3eit fpäter in bem „prächtigen" $>orfe angelangt, ron bem bie gulbe uns Derbem gefagt hatten, man beläme fyitt nichts mie fßfeilfpipen zu effenü (SS mar ein tnunberbarer Snbtid, ben baS erfte 5fomai-5Dorf, baS mir betraten, bot. SRächtige ©rantt blöde Derbedten fyet unb ba bie $ütten, bie mühfam in bie fttüfte unb ©palten hineingezmängt tnaren, menige Säume befchatteten bie minzigen ©ehöfte, unb menn bie Sohnungen fo fchon infolge bet greifen nicht leicht zu etlennen maten, fo berbedte baS überall unb an {ebem Keinflen fßlape angebaute ftom bie lepten (Sinbltde in baS Smtf« leben. #ier fchon trat mit bie (Sigentümlidhleit biefet Setg* unb gelbbemohnet aufs beutlichfte entgegen: ftein giedepen mitb ohne Snbau gelaffen, j[ebe ©rube mitb bermenbet. ftein Saum bon auch nur einem halben Ctuabratmeter Umfang mitb freigelaffen. Digitized by ooQle 30 ÄetgioOifdje ©tubten. 06 bie (Eingeborenen nun beim Stnblicf bec fremben, »eigen ßeute zurücffcgrecften? — Outebaud niegt! ©elbft bie grauen maten niegt geflohen, ©ie fianben auf ben geldblatten unb feeren ©löden, bie fonft afd Xe tute, ald Xroden- unb ©pietpläge üertoertet maten, unb zeichneten fieg nur babureg bon bet jonftigen Xagedetfcgeinung aud, ba\| bie Slätter* büfcgel, bie ihre einzige Kleibung barfteüten, frtfeg gepflüdt maten. Oa mar lein ©egred auf ben SWienen zu lefen, leine Slngft, fottbetn nur (Srjtaunen. Oie guten 2Hantica®etuognet maten bom etften Sage an freuttblicg unb baten und nur um einen (Gefallen: ffiir möcgten für unfete ßeute lein Äora beanfpruegen, ba fie felbft leined hätten. 3u bet Xat maten bie ©beieger allenthalben ziemlich leer, unb bad tag nicht nur batan, bag bie borjägtige (Ernte fo gut mie aufgebtauegt unb bie biedjägrige noch trügt eingegetmfl mat, fonbetn ed lag batan, bag bie gutbe ignen eine groge Stenge ab gezmungen gatten zur Sertoeubung bei ben bebotftegenben iflamifcgen gegen. Natürlich fiegette icg ben guten Beuten buagaud bie i®r* füllung igted Sunftged ju unb fotgte bafüt, bag jeben Xag bon Xfcgamba aud bie genilgenbe tlnsagl fettig bereiteter Jötei* Höge mit Sutaten für unfete ßeute gerbeigefegafft mürben. Steine eigenen ßeute tefpeltierten bie (Eingebotenen unb igte Slrmut natürlich butegaud. SMgtenb bet ganzen Seit gat fieg nur einmal ein Smifcgen* fall ereignet. (Ein junger gulbefprog, bet und eined Xaged gegen meine (Srlaubnid befuegte, gatte fofort berfuegt, bon ben (Eingeborenen Ütagrung zu erpteffen. geg gäbe ben Patron bot ben &ugen bielet ffomai gtünblicg betgauen laffen, eine Stafjnagme, zu bet icg mieg um fo bereegtigter füglte, ald babuteg bad Suttauen zum (Europäer nur maegfen fonnte. Oie $äudcgen, in benen mit mognten, maten jämmerlich Hein. (Ed mat ganz audgefcgloffen, gier irgenbmo noeg etma ein Stegierungd* gebäube ober fonft eine Segaufung aufjufcglagen, ba aHentgalben gfeldblöde aufgetürmt maten unb ein Sau nur bann audzufügren gemefen märe, menn man ben (Eingeborenen irgenbmetege Pflanzungen Zerftört gätte, — mad natürlich niegt anging, ©omit lebten mit benn reegt unb fegteegt in ben Heinen, jämmerlichen Kämmerlein, in benen infolge piapntangeld aueg bie Uteinmognet geintifeg finb. 3n biefen Heinen Äämmercgen ift mit bann eine Seit belannt gemorben, bie einen unenbtieg zaubetifegen Sfteij barg. Sftir gaben in bet näcgften Seit beim £erumHettem in ben Sergen noeg manegen anbeten Seilet aufgefuegt unb fennen gelernt, maten ziemlich meit Digitized by LjOOQLe ÜTetßioptfcße ©tubien. 31 ßtnaufgefitegen in bie Serge unb ßaben ben Slid über bie ßetr« lic^e, Weite 2tbamaua©bene genoffen, ßaben unten bie gewaltigen Sergftöde int Often unb bie Stgaunbere-Serge im Sübofben übetf(baut, batten ben Slid gewößnt an weitet ©eben unb an ben ©ermiß einer großartigen, mädjtigen Statur. Unb wäßrettb wir fo fcßwelgen tonnten, warb unS ein ©lüd nach bem anberen befebert. ©obalb bie Sewoßner ber anberen ©ebtrge, WaS febr halb gefebab, gehört batten, baß bie neu angelommenen weißen SWänner befonbetö ben Serleßr mit ben ©ebirgSbewoßnern auffueßten, tarnen bon all ben anberen fernen Sergen SOtitglieber ber eigentümlicßften unb feit famften Söttcßen angeßilgert. ©ine botlftänbige ©ammlung bon Stationalitäten fanb ft<ß juleßt ein. Unb als nun gar mein greuttb, ber Srbo bon 9tei«Suba über bie ©ümßfe beS 3tbif(ßenlanbe8 ßinweg mir no<b SRunbang unb Satta, ©arra unb galli fanbte, als noeß eine Sotfcßaft bon ben alten Sattafürften antam, als ber Sertebr mit ben ®alta unb Sfdßamba intimere formen annabm, ba wimmelte eS in ben Dörfern am iübßange beS 9Uanttca©ebtrgeS bon aUerbanb frembfpracßigen SJienfcßen, bie fteß taum untereinanber berftünblitß maeßen tonnten, unb bie alle frößließ unb froß Waren im ©ettuffe einer ^aßrjeßnte ßinbureß nießt getofteten greißeit ber SeWegung. ®a lernte icß benn biefe eigenartigen SDtenfdßen immer meßr ftßäßen, benn einer na<ß bem anberen tramte fein Sttffen unb feine ©laubenS fäße auS. ©o entfalteten fie alle jufammen bor mir eine SBelt, bie mir noeß unenblicß biel großartiger, weiter unb erhabener fcßten, als bie, bie ber Snbltd über bie unter uns Itegenbe gar oebene uns eröffnet ßatte. Son biefen Söllern will icß nun erjäßlen. #ter muß i<ß noeß biel weiter jurüdgteifen, als an irgenbeinem anberen Seile biefeS SucßeS. g<ß will nun bon ben tleinen Söllern fßreeßen, bie an ber ©übfeite beS ©uban jwifeßen bem SHI unb Senegal woßnen. ©S finb bie Sölter, bie im SWIgebiete als 9iuba, weiterhin als Skibai« unb gertt!>©tämme, im Sfcßaribeden als ßeib» niftße Sagrimma (jumal ©arra unb Salta), in Storbtamerun als ßeibnifeße 3Ibamaua«©täntme, im zentralen SHgerien als Sautfcßi* Stämme, im nörbliißen Sogo als Samberma, an ber ©olbtüfte unb im franjöftfcßen ©uban als ©urunfi, Sobo, Sobi ufw. betannt finb. ©S ift eine Bette bon Söltern, bereu (ßaraltertffciftßeS ÜDfertmat, jpracßlicß genommen, bie Serfcßiebenartigteit ift — fo wunberbar bieS Hingen mag. ©S finb Sölt(ßen, bie immer nur in wenigen Ortfcßaften ejiftteren, unb beren ©tammjaßl ßäufig nießt meßr als 80 gnbibibuen umfaßt, ©ie finb baburdj cßaralterifiert, baß ein Digitized by ooQle 32 9tei$0pif($e Stubfcn. Völlchen fid^ gegen baS anbexe recht ftreng- abfcplleßt, baß iebeS feinen eigenen ©cplupfminlel, feinen eigenen §ügel ober fein eigenes lal bemohnt unb mit ben (Eingeborenen nur auf menigen Stärften jufammenlommt. Oft überfielt baS Äuge beS VefdfjauerS Oom Sale aus brei bis bier §ügel, unb man erfährt, baß auf febern ber bier $üget eine anbere Sprache gefprocßen mtrb. SJiefe (leinen ©ptitterftimme oerfügen über biete §unberte bon ©pradjibiomen. Sie meit biefe Sprachen bem Äufbau nach untereinanber bermanbt finb, bermag ich nicht ju unterfcheibeu, aber bie große 3ahl bon Volabularien, bie mir unb unfere freunblicpen Stitarbeiter im Saufe ber gahre angelegt haben, bemeifen, baß fie mettigfienS lejilograpbifcb ganj berfcpieben finb. ®ie $folierung foldjer deiner ©ieMungen unb bie Dotierung im ©prachgebraudje finb baS erfte, bejeichttenbe (Eharalteriffcifum biefer (Stämme. Ä18 jmeiteS erdäre ich nun bie unenblicfje (Ergeben« beit unb bie unenbltcpe Veranlagung jur Ärbeit. Von feiner anbeten VollSart in Äfrifa mirb man burchgehenb fo emfigen gleiß in ber Sanbmirtfdjaft bei gleichem Xiefftanbe feber ittbufirteden Xätigteit als ©efamtmerlmal feftftellen Wunen. (Sie finb meiterfjin babutdh ausgezeichnet, baß fie im Äufbau beS fojialen Organismus alle bie gleite (Stufenfolge zeigen, nämlich eine ausgeprägte ©liebe« rung nach bier ober fünf ÄlterSdaffen, beren (EntmidlungSftabien bem ©hfteme ihrer Seltanfchauung unb Religion entfpredjen. Unb nun Kommen biefenigen fünfte, bie unS bei biefen eigen* tümlichen Vbllcfjen moßl am meiften intereffieren müffen: US) Kamt biefe SDtenfchen nicht anberS als bie teuf (heften unb retigi&feften be¬ zeichnen, bie ich auf ber (Erbe als VoIKSgruppe überhaupt Kennen gelernt habe. Unb $mar bieS gleichartig bei ben (Stämmen am 9H1 mie bei benen in ber Senegal© ubatt-Vrobinz, bei benen im Äba maua« mie im ndtblidjen Xogo<4Sebiete, bei benen ber nörbticpen ©olbtüfte mie bei benen in SRtgerien. 9tirgenbS habe ich SKenfchen gefeljen, bie in ihrem gantilienleben fo natürlich (menn auch in mancher $inficpt unS unberftänblich) leben, bie berart ftreng unb felbftberftänbiich bie ©ittenreinheit aufrecht erhalten. Äße biefe Völler finb im Innern ihrer ©eele boll überzeugt bon ber (Ejiftenj eines einzigen ®otteS, beffen Sille über ber Seit einzig unb allein ^erirfcf)t! Unb biefen beiben (Empfinbungen entfpricht eS, menn fie auch bie pietätbollften SRenfcpen gegenüber ben Xoten finb. ©ie fcpeinen {ebenfalls bie Präger ber alten ^Religionen, meiche jur Beit ber hüchften (Entfaltung ber aegpptifchen Stacht in SRubten herrfeßten, unb beoen Ältborbere bon ben alten SHafftKero als unfträf* Digitized by ooQle Safet: fftu&ab I. Digitized by ooQle (Q3on Garl Sirrienst.) Digitized by Qfctfyioptfcfye ®tubien. 33 tic^e Slethiopen begeidjnet tourben. Deshalb glaube ich ein {Recht gu b^ben, biefe in ihren (Eigenarten fo abfolut übereinftimmenben Keinen Stämme auch ald „91 e t h i o p e n" gufammenfaffen gu bürfen. 3<h nenne biefe 2Renf<hen bie retigiöfeften Oon alten, bie ich tenne. Unb ich muß ben Öefer barauf aufmetffant machen, baß in ber Seife, toie ich bied meine unb in ber, mie er ed oerflSehen lann, ein Unterfchieb fein mag. Der ßefer mirb un»illtttrlich benlen, ich flaute biefe ßeute Oom Stanbpunlte unferer etlichen, chrifttichen, hohen, tiefen, bie Seit tiebenben {Religion an. S<h aber fehe bie SRenfchen auf ihrer Stufe im (Enttoidlungdgange bed SRenfdjen. Sie !ennen leine ettjifche Srunbtage in unferem Sinne. Sie miffen ftcher» lieh ntchtd bon ben feinen ftbeen einer SJergprebigt. Sie finb alter¬ tümlich unb bigarr, gang beraltet unb in bielem und entfliehen gar nicht mehr oerftänblidh. 3tber fie finb bedtoegen bie retigidfeften, »eit fie bie Straft haben, unbebingt unb ohne (Erfchütterung, ohne 3»eifet unb ohne Sirrnid unb Seirrung ben feften Stauben an bie (Smigleit ber ÜRaturtraft unb bed gamilientebend unb bed tRedjted ihrer ßtnfchauung fich hlngugeben. 9He fah ich 6ei einem biefer ßeute auch nur bad geringfte Stmutett! ^ch fah nie an ihren Körpern ein Baubermittet. 3<h fah nie ben geringften Serfudj, auf magifchem Sege irgenbtoie ein fubftangielted §itfdmittel atd (Ergänzung mangeln« ber Staubend- unb 8tnfchauungd!raft gu fchaffen. Sitte biefsnigen SKenfchen, bie ununterbrochen Slmulette unb Saubermittel, »eichet Slrt jie auch immer feien, benötigen, befifcen nicht ben alten Stauben, beftßen nicht bie Stnfchauungdlraft unb flehen an {Retigiofität nicht auf ber h°h e u Stufe meiner iSethtopen, bie nidjtd oon atlebem brauchen. {Rie fah ich 2Jtenfchen, bie ihre StltOorberen fo treu oerehrt hätten. Unb boch finb fie bie fchtimmften Barbaren gegenüber ben {Reliquien, bie »ir in ben Seichen feljen. Denn ed ift fchredtich unb abftoßenb für und, gu fehen, »ie fie fich nicht fdjeuen, bie $?öpfe ihrer Oerftorbenen Sätet unb ÜDttitter abgufchneiben ober Oon ben Störpem gu reißen. (Ed ift fo brutat unb graufam, baß »ir bei bem Sebanlen etfdjreden. Unb boch tun ed biefe ÜRenfchen aud {Retigiofität. Denn fie brauchen biefe Schäbet, fie finb ihnen nötig, fie fönnen fie nicht entbehren, fie finb ihr heiligfted gfamtliengui Senn ber Schöbet nicht baheim ober in Urnentammem ber Familie aufgeftellt ift, »enn er bort nicht feine regelmäßigen Opfer empfängt, bann tarnt ber gamitie lein {Radjtouchd er»achfen, bann lann ber arme Xote nicht toieberlommen, bann ift er auf e»ig oon feinet Familie getrennt. Darum braudjen fie biefen Schöbet, barum müffen fieo {yrobettiud, Unb Äfxtfa fprach ... 3 Digitized by Google 34 Hetfyo\|>if$e ©tufcien. fie ißn getoinnen, unb toemt eS auch ttut getingen fönnte burdj eine ©atbarei. @ie ftetlen ihn bann baheitn auf, fie bringen ihm immer mteber bon jebem Äorn, bon Jebem Sranle ein Opfer bar, ehe fie fetbft etmaS genießen, unb fie bitten ihn, }urüd}utehren in ben ©choß bet gamilie. 2&enn bann ein junges Stäbchen, eine Softer beS ÄtanS, einem Jungen SDtanne bie $anb }um S^ebuttbe reicht, bann geleitet ber ©ater ober bie Stutter bie gungbermählte $u bem ©chäbet; fie bringen ettoa8 Äorn unb ©etränle bar unb bitten ben Xoten, er mdge bodj ießt mieberlehren unb möge mteber feine Äraft feiner gatnilie teilen. Unb bie Junge grau nimmt bon bem Äorne, baS auf bem ©chäbet geopfert toar, unb berührt eS. ffienn bann ber Jungen ®he ein ©proß ermächft, fo wirb biefer begrüßt als ber miebergelomtnene ©Itborbere! ©an} tief eingeprägt in ben ©tauben ber Stenfchheit biefer ©rt ift fotefje ©nfdjauung; unerfdEJüttertid) unb feft tote gelS. 3Kb meine, eS liegt eine tiefe ©tetät barin unb biefetbe ©tetät tonnte ich finben, mo immer ich auf biefen ©puren ging. Stoß unb barbatifch erfdjeinen uns bie (Sitten, hier aber ift e$ bie fefte Ueberjeugung, bie alte trügt, gft eS nic^t ein großes Ungtüd, baß biefe Stenfchen, bie bei folget Äraft ber Ueber}eugung ftarle ©rbetter auf bem gelbe finb, bon einem fo erbärmlichen, unprobulttben ©ölte tote eS bie gutbe finb, unterbrüdt toerben? — Unb ich frage mich, meid) eine große unb mächtige SBette muß eS gemefen fein, bie bor unnennbarer Seit biefe eigenartigen ©Stier über ben Stil auf bem gan}en ©uban hin bis nach SBeftafrila trug? SWe faß ich fltößere (Sinheittichleit unter ben betriebenen ©Stier« arten gleichen UrfpnntgeS, mie gerabe bei biefen ©ptitterftämmen. Stie erlebte ich ei««« grSßeren ©ptachserfaU, größere, einfchneibenbere Trennung unb bodj überjeugertbe Uebereinftimnrung, mie bei biefen ©ethiopen. Unb moltt ißr noch einen ©eieg bafür haben, mie tief biefe fDtenfcßen ber ©etigion unb ber ©eligiofität leben, fo mit! ich noch fagen, baß fie bie uralte ©itte ber ©etjjiopen noch üben, bon benen fcßon ©UntuS unb ®iobor erjähtt haben: fie meihen ihre ÄSnige alle paar gahte bem Sobe, unb fie tun eS, meit fonft bie (Srbe nicht mehr bie grucht herborbringen mürbe, beren fie benötigen, ©chauerlich unb graufam ift foldje ©itte. ©ber mie mächtig muß einft eine Äuttur gemefen fein, bie bor unberechenbaren 3etten in fo gemattigen ©itten fich äußerte! ©otlte eS nicht möglich fein, baS Beitatter unb bie ©e}iehung einer alten, aetßtopifcßen Äultur auf« }ufinben? □ □ Digitized by Ketfjiopifdjie Stubien. 35 <sann ftieg td) mit fDtorttu« ttrfeber in baS Xal Slrri tni «ktterfü$nrag btt blieb in bem obersten Abera-Dorfe, metl ich meinte, bie 8uft rnüffe at6ttt i ^ I g 8 ^ 1 e > Wlt<>n bort beffer für feinen gefcbmächien Körper fein, toie bie beS fernsten, fumpftgcn Sates. 3» sjcbamba toieber angelangt, fanben mit pari berünberte ©erbättniffe. Der ©atabima batte bod^ baS Sötidjte feines ©enebtnenS eingefeben unb bemühte ficb, mit feinen ©tofjen ju- fammen uns nun ben Aufenthalt jo angenehm mte möglich ju ge" palten. Aacf)bem er gefeben batte, mie fdptett unb einfach mir über jeinen Kopf b* n bie ©ejiebungen ju ben ©ergbemobuera angelnüpft batten, hielt er eS benn bodb als baS befte, gute SÖttene jum böfen ©biete ju machen. (SS mar ein monnig geben, baS ficb erp hier in Sfcbjamba, unb narbet in berftärltem 2Jtafje noch in bem im ©üben gelegenen Kontfdja entfattete. Aadj allen ©eiten bin tiefen nun unfere grüben, damals batte i<b einige 8eute im engtijcben ©ornu, einige im fran« jöfifcben Sfcbart-©ebiete. (Sittige ©eobacbter burcbmanberten baS ©afa-ganb. Anbere 8eute meilten an ben $öfen auf SRei-öuba, Agaunbere, 2Rarua unb $oIa. Kleine Abteilungen befanben fid) in ©autfcbi unb im Kanogebiete. Bieber anbere pitgerten burcb fton- tangora nach bem fran jöfifcben Bepfuban, unb nun fanbte id) noch einen $aupttrupp ab, ben ich unter bie 8eitung ©ibaS ftettte. ©iba, ber immer mieber ber 8ungenentjüitbung anbeimfiel, fehlen baS Klima biefer ©ergtänber nicht ju ber tragen. (Sr fuhr aljo mit bem beutfeben AblöfungStranSport ben ©enue beamtet unb pitgerte bann bon Soloja in bie nörbticben gorubatänber, um hier mit fpejiellen ©eob- a<btungen eine Aetfe borjubereiten, bie ich fpäter 9ÄartiuS auSfübren tajfen mollte. Aacbbem alle entfprecbettbe Korrefponbenj mit ben eingeborenen gürpen ertebigt unb mit ben betriebenen ©efanbtfcbaften bie not* menbigen Ablontmen getroffen maren, lieg t<b Ankens bon feiner ©efunbbeltSftatton betablommen. Der ©alabima gab unS no<b ein pompöfeS geft, bann jogen mir im ga totale bi» nach Kontfcba. Bteberum galt eS burcb SRbräfte ju pampfen, bie Ironien 8eute mübfam über bie tofenben, jmifepen getfen gemaltig babinjiebenben gtüjje ju beben unb bie ©ferbe in leiblichem &upattbe Über ge* Jährliche ©teilen ju bringen. (SS maren böfe Sage. Die nöcbpen Soeben berbraebten mir bann in Kontfcba. gntntet lebhafter mürbe baS geben in unferem 8ager. $auptmann bon ©tepbani fanbte auS ©anjjo noch meitere ©tammeSbertreter; nach bem engtifeben ©«biete hinüber mürben neue gäben gefponnen. AIS 3 * Digitized by ooQle 36 HetlHopifdK Stabten. bie SÜegenjeit ein ©nbe nahm unb bie Sonne bie Säler audgebörrt hatte, traten wir bann ben SÜfidmarfdE) burdj bie toilben getfen» gebirge, bem oberen Sarraba ju, an. So fchtoammig unb feitet borget bie ©egenb gemefen mar, fo trotfen unb bilrr grinfte und hier eine fteinerne Statur, ein faft unbeoöllerted 8anb entgegen. Die Stachtlager in ber Stlbnid brauten toieberunt infolge ber feineren Siebet, bie auf und hentieberriefelten, neue ftrantyeiten; ohne aber irgendeinen Setluft Beilagen ju brauchen, erreichten Joir glüdlith bei Seit bie englifdje ©tenje. ©d toar ein fe$r frönet Sag, an bem mit bie ®renje über« fchritten. Die englifchen Bottbeamten hatten in fteunbUdjer SBeife und ©hrenpforten errichtet unb für atted geforgt, toad in biefen toilben, untoirtlichen ©egenben §u befchaffen toar. ^jämmerlich fah ed nur aud mit unferen Srandportmittetn. Den größten Seil ber beutfchen Stöger fanbte ich bon ^ier jurüd. Unb nur einige toettige Dußenb $auffa blieben in unferem Dienfte. Qm ßanbe felbjt toar ed fchtoierig, Sräger aufjubringen, unb ©aptatn Stujtond $ilfd* gefanbtfchaft lonnte Oon $bi aud erfl in einigen Sagen eintreffen. Stlfo mußte ber größte Seil ber Sagage unb ber «Sammlungen in Soote Oerftaut toerben. Da biefe ftd) burch ihre jämmerliche Kleinheit audjeicfjncten, ba ich fernerhin meinen toohl öanbmärfche, aber toeniger SBafferfährten gemohnten Rührern auf biefem ©ebiete nicht rechted 3utrauen entgegenbrachte, fo befchloß ich ben größten Seil ber Sagage jtoar ben Sooten anjuoertrauen, biefe aber felbft ju führen. Somit quetfchten Slrriend, SDtartiud unb ich und benn auch tu bie gebrechlichen gralpseuge unb sogen, begleitet oon ben freunblidjen Sünfdjen ber engtifchen unb beutfchen ©rengbeamten, ben fchönen Strom hinab. Ratten meine 8eute tagdüber nicht toenig unter ber brennenben Sonne ju leiben, fo toirlte bie nächtliche Stühle, bie mit ben ftärler auffteigenben Siebe ln unfere Sanbbanflager nicht gerabe angenehm geftalteten, nidht fehr oerbeffernb auf ben Buftanb ber SBetßen tote ber Sdt)toarjen. Dafür entfchäbigte und bie tounber- bare Schönheit ber Statur, bie fich bem (Europäer auf Sootdfahrten ganj anberd offenbart ald auf Dampffchiffen. 3fn ftbl angelommen, gelang ed, Stahlboote $u fchartem. ©aptain Stujton unb Dr. ^ollarb forgten toieber in freunbUcher ffieife für ein erfprießliched 8rort- lomnten, unb fo lonnten mir bann, menige Sage nadhbem auch bie Sanblotonnen eingetroffen maren, bie Stüdlehr nach öoloja ontreten. 3« freunblidjer SBeife mürben mir mieber oon ber gfirma $agen« ftecher & ©o. aufgenommen, ©in hetjlidhed 9öttI!ommen bereiteten und bie engtifchen Offiziere unb SKiftec SRapmell 8pte. Son Ster« Digitized by ooQle Sfet\|io>rffdje ©bürten. 37 ling-bitl herab begrüßte und unfer alted Säger, bad wir in öorgüg» liebem Buftanbe ttorfanben. Die 13 großen (Sebäube, bie Wir er¬ rietet batten, waren bis auf eines int beften Buftanbe. Unfere Saget- betmattet ernteten bementfprecbenbed Sob. Btba (am und mit feinen Trabanten entgegen. (Sr batte eine an Abenteuern reiche Steife hinter fidj unb brachte öiele wertvolle Stadjricbten mit, bie für ben SBeg, ben ÜDtartiud nun eingufdjlagen batte, maßgebenb würben. Der (Sefunbbeitdguftanb ber öjßebition war ein jämmerlicher. Der arme Attiend litt am meiften, er war febr febwaeb, fo baß ich ed nicht genug bemunbern (amt, wie fleißig er troßbem ben not- wenbigen Aufgaben naebtam. SDtartiud war nun auch bem afrilanifcben Dämon »erfüllen unb ich fetbft bergeiebnete mein fünftes Scbmarg- wafferfieber auf biefer Steife. Unfere Jtüftenleute teuften unb mälgten ficb fiebernb unb ftößnenb in ihren fallen. Aber nicht nur bei und, fonbern auch im englifdjen Säger fab ed nicht befonberd gut aud. öd war eine böfe Beit! öd berfteht ficb t>an felbft, baß ttoßbem bie notwenbigen Arbeiten audgefübrt werben mußten, unb ich machte auch hier wieber bie Beobachtung, baß Wirtlich Iräfttge Staturen berartige Beiten in Afrifa am befien ttberwinben. Wenn fie ficb nicht allgufebr ber Datentofig- (eit bingeben. Die febwerfte Arbeit batte SRartiud gu bereichten, bem bad Betßaden ber Sammlungen gufiel. 3« freunblicber SBetfe half und auch jeßt Wieber bie englifcbe Stegierung über alle (leinen ©cbwierigleiten hinweg, unb als wir leiblich wieber auf bem Damm waren, (onnten wir abermals einen ber betulichen Abenbe in ber SWeffe ber Offigtere betbringen. 3n biefen Dagen bebeutete für mich eine große gteube bie SKitteilung, baß ein englifeber höherer Beamter in Anertennung ber SHcbtigleit unferer Arbeiten, ber ö;ßebiiion einen wefentlicben Bufcbuß leiftete, ber unter bem Staaten „Datwin- Dbler-Stiftung" eingetragen würbe, unb ber bagu beftimmt war, bie Arbeiten ber biftorifeben gorfebung fortgufeßen. öd war ber (Seift berglicber greunbfebaft, ber und bid gum leßten Augenbltde mit ber englifeben Stegierung in Berbinbung hielt. (Segen önbe Degember legte ich bie Seitung ber meftlidjen öjßebi- tion in bie $änbe toon SRartiud, ber bie Kolonne nach ^ebba unb bem nötblicben gorubagebiet gunidfübrte, wäbrenb ich mich mit Atriend gufammen einfeßiffte. SJtein SOtaler fuhr nun mit größter (Sefcbminbig- (eit ber Heimat unb (Senefung entgegen, wäbrenb ich felbft einige Sage in Saö$altnad »erbrachte, auf einem frangöfifchen Dampfer nach äRatfeille fuhr, unb bann in (Senua öuroßa wieber berlteß. P □ Digitized by Google 38 8«t&topifd)e ©hri>tat. 4venige Jage nach meiner Änfunft in ©uropa betlief} ich ben heimatlichen ©rbteil mieber unb fuhr bon ©ettua aus ber Oftfeite AfrifaS ju. Oantii begann td) unfere erfte Steife in bie Nitlänber. begleitet mürbe id& nunmehr bon meiner grau, meldje bie photo- graphifchen Arbeiten unb bie häusliche Dätigleit beS ßageriebenS leitete unb bon meinem 39ruber, bem Shmftmaler Hermann gro- beniuS, bem bie Beobachtung unb Arbeit als Zeichner unb SWaler jufiel. Dafj ich ©uropa mieber fo fchneQ berlief} unb fofort im Nn- fchlug an bie Kameruner SÄbantaua-Neife mich nach ber Oftfeite beS Erbteiles begab, mar eine Notmenbiglrit. 3« ben borhergehenben Seifen höbe ich gefchilbert, mie baS B r0 bient ber Nethiopen fich mir immer beutlicher als ein (nichtiges unb eminent bebeutfameS enthüllt hotte. Die Nachrichten, bie ich sulept noch am ©übtanbe ber Dfabfeelänber hotte einheimfen Idnnen, maren burchauS geeignet, bie Bebeututtg ber aethiopifchen grage im (Sinne ber fulturgefchichttichen ©ntmicflung noch mefentlicher er- fcheinen ju laffen. Unb ber alte $erobot, ber mich in ber testen 3eit nicht mehr berlaffen hotte, $mang mich möglichst fchnell unb blrelt bem gentratlanbe ber alten Nethiopen oberhalb AegpptenS $u$ueilen. ©ntfpricht es hoch aufjerbem einer ethnologifchen gor- betung, bafj ber reifenbe gorfcher unferer Siffenfchaft immer mieber bie pertpljerifchen Gebiete auffucht, in ihm bis bahin noch perfün- lieh unbefannten Sänbern neue Anregungen fdjafft unb f)ie unb ba Broben auf baS ©jentpel magt, inbem er felbft nadjprüft, inrnie- toeit bic einmal gemonnenen SInfichten auch an anberen Orten unb unter anberen Berhältniffen ftichhalten. Der „©rofje Sturfürft" brachte uns an baS Delta beS Nil. Sit eilten nach Stairo, mo uns ber Senior unferer Siffenfchaft, B^ofeffor Dr. Sdjmeinfurtlj, unb fein greunb, Äarl §erotb, umgehenb in bie uns neuartigen Berhältniffe einmeihten, mo ber beutfehe ©e- fanbte mit ber größten ßiebenSmürbigfeit alles tat, unfere Sege ju ebnen, mo baS englifdje gnformationSbureau uns mohlmollenbe, ein- ffthrenbe greunbe für ben ©üben mitgab, unb mo mit in bem ja manchem beutfehen Neifenben fo fehr lieben $aufe §affetbach IiebenS- mürbige Aufnahme fanben. Durch baS Note SWeet fuhren mir bann nach B®t ©uban, bon Bort ©uban nach Sborthum, immer begleitet oon unferer NuSrüftung, bie bei bem bieten BerlehrSmtttelmechfel nicht immer gang leicht gufammenguhatten mar. ^n Starthum rnarb uns burch ©Iatin Bafch ein fehr tyxtfifytt ffimpfang juteil. ©ir Singate ebnete uns bie Digitized by ooQle 9Tetlj{oj»f(fje ®htMen. 39 ®ege, uitb in bem Meteorologen dürftig uttb feinet (Sattin ge¬ lt) annen mir lanbSm&mtifche greunbfcbaft in bem gegenüberliegettben Ömburman. 'Sfn großer ©efchminbigleit eilten mir bann bem zentralen ©uban in. $atte ich früher no<h gefchmantt, ob ich jur ©eminmtng bon SergleichSmaterial unb Ueberficht bie oberen Stillönber ober beffer baS trocfne Aorbofan auffudjen follte, fo mürbe biefe gtage in Om» burman febr fdjnell entfliehen. $fene Söller, bie in ©umpfgegenben beS mittleren unb oberen Stil moljnen, tonnten mir nicht fo biel bieten, mie bie im trodenen Dft-©üban ^etmift^ert Söller, bie ge- rabe in (El-Dbeib in ben nödjften SSßochen tn großer Stenge jufammen- ftrömten. Die {Regierung rnteö uns ein meitangetegteS ©eböft an, unb bann begann t<h bie gottfeßung Jener Dätigtett, bie ich bot meitigen Sfonaten in Sbamaua abgefd)toffen batte. $ier in (El* Obeib traf idb auf ein umfangreiches Ouartier bon Steflapilgern, bie auö ben §auffa- unb Dfafefeet&nbern ßerübergelommen maren. #ier tonnte ich ärreunbfdjaft f(fließen mit alterbanb Soll, baS ut- fprünglidh in 35ar-§ur, in Dar-JRunga, in Dar^rertit, Ja fogar in SBabai ßetmifcß mar. 4?ier im zentralen Aorbofan ftanb icf> bor ber Dür beb füblidjen StubalanbeS, baS auf feinen ^nfelbergen bie nücb- ften Sermanbten ber zentralen unb ö [fliehen Setbiopen tyutt noch beherbergt. — SBodje auf SBodje berftricb, ein Dagebud) nach bem anberen füllte ficb, bie bom zentralen ©uban aus anfgefuchten Sittien ber Serbreitung maren gefunben. Son (El-Obeib mürbe bann baS Saget jurüdfb erlegt nach Ömburman. gfreunb Dürftig batte und ein gerabeju t^errlicfjeö ©eljöft Be- forgt. Unfere Seute maren toorjüglicb eingearbeitet. Die $auffa unb Stube batten auch fytt mieber üjr Saget, unb mir tonnten tyet eineö DageS bann unfere alten gfreunbe, bie bor $ab* unb Dag im 3entrum abgereift maren, begrüßen. f$ür baS fultutgefd)icbfli<be ©tubium bot gerabe baS Seben in (Sl-Obeib unb in Ömburman bie beften Sergteicbspuntte; benn ffiet tonnte beobachtet merben, mie im Saufe einer oerb&ltniSm&ßig Jungen, biftbrifdjen (Entmicflung alle möglichen lulturgefcbtcbtiicben (Eigentümlichleiten fiep umgebilbet batten. Das große ©ignum ber Utataftlftung, ber neueren $eit mirb befteben bleiben unter bem Samen beS Stab bi. Hab bie brei Seute, bie am meiften unter biefer ©etßel gelitten batten, ©latin Safcpa, ber Sätet Öprmatber unb Äarl Steufelb tonnten uns felbft baS eine ober anbere aus Jener Seriobe berichten. SBie gemaltfam hier alles fi<h berfchoben bat, bafür nur ein Seifbiel: Stoch jur 3eti Stornos unb ^unters mar Digitized by Google 40 att&toJHfd* ©tubten. (JWDbeib, eine «Stabt mit üieredigen £efjmt)ütten unb Dmburman ein großes Dorf mit runben «Stroljljütten. $eute aber, naSbem bie fanatifdje SBelle Oerfloffen ift, befielt (Sl-Dbeib aus runben Stro^tegelbütten, unb Dmburman and üieredigen Sebm^&ufern. Dad ift bie SetoegliSleit unb bie ÜJlügliSleit ber StulturoerfSie¬ bungen, bie in biefen ß&nbern beS Suban unb ben flauen, trodtenen @abel-@ebieten ftets baS ßerrfSenbe ®efe\| mar. Unb gerabe gegen¬ über biefem eminent marfanten SBeSfel mußte uns bann ja auS bie lonferüatiüe 2lrt ber Setljiopen, Wie fie unb ^eute in ben 9htba- ßeuten unb fo meiter erhalten ift, bobbelt auffatlen. Das, toaS iS in jenen beiben ßänbern gearbeitet unb Oon hier aus in ben @e- fiStSIreiS unferer Xätigteit gezogen ^abe, ift in ben naSfoIgenben erften brei ftapiteln jufammengefaßt. 2tber noS meljr gab eS ßier ju feljen unb ju ternen. Da finb bie SctfttiSen Ruinen Oon <Soba, ba finb bie beute toten §ügel> rüden nabe ©t-JDbeib, bei benen noS bor wenigen ©enerationen ber Drabition naS bie 9?uba wohnten, ba finb fDtonumente aetßio- bifS'Oeg^btifS^r Slfitejeit unb bann fließt ia auS naS Sßorben ju ber Sätet 9lil! 211# mir unfer SBerf ooltenbet Ratten, jogen mir ben Strom hinab. Unb nun erfSloß fiS mir bie Baubexmelt einer ßiftorifS beglaubigten, eminenten, in fiS abgefSloffenen, lulturellen Ser- gangen^eit. Die ßinbrüde, bie iS bort auf biefer Dtilreife gewann, haben bei mir mieberum bie ffirfenntniS gejeitigt, baß ber gorfSer boS gut baran tut, mögliSft Oiel Oon ber fein §ouj)tintereffenge6iet umfaffenben $ulturmett mit eigenen Sugen ju fSauen. SDtitte 1912 war auS unfere etfie 9Hl-©jpebition abgefSloffen. Digitized by Google (Q3on Gort ttrrlen.) Digitized by 3>te OftaetJjtopett. Digitized by v^.ooQLe Digitized by $9ramiben an aUaet^ixtyifdpr ©lan^eii bei Qongola. (9ta4 Wotojraplit ge), oon $rt\| Äanfen.) Breites Kapitel. ©te alten Slethiopen int 'Rannten 5er afrtfantfcpen Ättltnrtoelt. Qn&att Xter &utor ift beftrefct, tx& 2Htb ber aliaetfjty)ifdjen Kilotenfulittt nach ben $erid)ten be8 Haffifdjen ^ItertumÄ $u refonftruieten, bie 9e$ielyungen btefer Shiltur gu Gegilbten att^ubeuten uttb tljr in einem jnrobiforifdjen Stjftem afrifanifdjer Shilturgrubbietimg ifjren anjutneifen. 3n bem Nugenbticf, tn bern ich ben »orfölag mache, bie Se- «ebenhmg ber Zeichnung „9lethiopen" einem ganj beftimmten ShilturthpuS unb einer jufammenhängenben (Sruppe non Jhtlturelementen ^nner-Jtfrifaö bei« julegen, erachte ich mich berpflichtet ju ber Stlarftellung, tote ich baju gefommen bin, biefen im Saufe ber ©efcfytchte oft oetfchieben Oertoenbeten unb beS^alb heute oielbeutigen tarnen ju toählen. Sdjon für bie borchrtftltchen Sölfet umfchlofj ber iftame „2letf)iopen" burdjaufc berfchiebene Söller, gerobbt unterfdjeibet auSgefprochen berfdjiebene Strten aethiopifcher (Stämme. Unb toenn er auch im all¬ gemeinen unter „Stetljtopen" bor allen Gingen bie fübtich ber aegtyptt* fchen Steilen grabe auf gleicher Sänge mohnenben Stämme jufantmen» fafjt, fo unterfcheibet er boch fchon einerfeitö nomabifche unb feben* Digitized by ooQle 44 Die alten Set^iopen tnt Otapmen bet aftifatttfcpen Shiltumett. täte unb anbererfeit« bot allen Dingen bie Slethiopen be« Sonnen¬ aufgänge«, bie fdjftdjie §aare haben, unb biefenigen Sibpen«, bie bie ItauShaarigften aller SRenfdjen finb. hierin fchlofj, fid) ihm nicht nur fpäter $liniu« beftätigenb an, fonbetn in biefet Leitung jeigte bet alte $erobot, baß et noch bie gleiche Slnfchauung unb Bezeichnung pflegte, mie ba« bometifche 3 e italter; benn auch in bet Dbpffee rnetben bie Sletbiopen al« jtmefach geteilt — biefe zum Sonnenauf¬ gang, iene zum Sonnenuntergang bezeichnet. m\o, lote fchon bie mahrfcheinluhe Ableitung be« Flamen« e« an- beutete, öetftanb man unter „Sletptopen" bie oerbtanut* ober bunlel» h&utigen SRenfcheu, bie nach Strabo „alle« gegen Süben am Ojean ge¬ legene ßanb" bemohnten. Die gtiechifch-tömifche Bezeichnung „{Äethto- pen" entfpricht, grob genommen, bet alt-aeghptifchen ober ifraelitifchen Bermenbung be« Sorte« Shtfch ober Jtafch- $eute bagegen haben mit lein Sott mehr, ba« fich mit biefet alten Buffaffung oon Shtfchiten ober Bethiopen bedft, zumal ba« traurige Sott „Sieget 7 ' {ich hoch mehr unb mehr al« ein aufcerorbentlich fümmetlicher Slotbehelf et- meift, bet befonbet« in lultureller §inficht SRifjterftänbniffen Dür unb Dot öffnet. Da« alte Sott „Sletpiopen" fchlofj Suban-Sieger, $amiten, grofje Stämme in $nbien ein unb becft fich mit unfetem meiteten Begriff „Sieger" nicht. $n unferet 3eit ifi bie Bezeichnung „Slethiopen" fo gut mie au«geftorben, fo bah «8 burchau« berechtigt etfcheint, fie butch eine neue Definition unb eine neue ißtäzifietung miebet in« geben zu rufen, ßebiglid) ba\| bet Slaifet Oon Slbeffpnien fich al« $ertfcher bet Sletpiopen bezeichnet. Unb bamit fommen mir zu einet Bermenbung be« Sorte«, bie mich zu feinet Siebetauf- nahme üeranlafjt. Die Bezeichnung „Slethiopen" ift nämlich fchon im Anfänge bet chrifttichen 3 e i tre{ h nu ng zumeift nicht füt bie bunfelljäutigen Be- mohnet bet {üblichen ßänber oermenbet morben, fonbetn oomehm- lich für gemiffe oftaftilanifche Stämme, untet SluSfchlufj bet nach Seften hin toohnenben Sligriten. ffiine entfpredjenbe BegriffSeitt- fchrumpfung ift leicht feftzuftetlen, unb fie hängt bamit zufammen, bah f<h°n im Slltertume bie Bezeichnung „Stethiopen" nicht nur eine tätliche, fonbetn auch eine lulturelle Bebeutung hatte unb fich be¬ fonbet« auf bie Stämme am oberen Stil erftrecfte — auf Jene Böller, mit benen ba« aeghptifcpe {Reich butch einen ztoar oft unterbrochenen, aber immer mieber aufgenommenen ShtltutauStaufdj im 3ufammen- hang ftanb —, alfo auf eine Shilturgruppe, bie butch eine ganze {Reihe marlanter Sparaltetzttge ausgezeichnet mar, unb bie einen auch trabitionetlen Dppu« füt fich barftellte, ben fie nach bet &htiftiani- Digitized by ooQle ®ie alten Wetljiopen im Stammen bei afrifattifdjen Jhjlturtnelt. 45 fierung bcr abefftynifcben $errfcber iit Serfdjiebung nach beut ©üben meiterführte. merbe fo gleich biefen Kulturtbpug jdbitbern unb »erbe geigen, melche ^erttortagenbe tutturgefebiebttiebe Sebeutung er einft hatte.
scripturegeograp00smil_18	English-PD	Public Domain	In Greenland, the partridge, which is brown in summer, as the winter begins to set in, like most other animals and birds of those regions, becomes white, and continues to wear the livery suitable to the snows with which it is surrounded, till the return of spring. In manners and habits, the partridge nearly resembles the other poultry kind ; but its cunning and instinct seem supe- rior to the larger birds of that race. This bird is twice mentioned in the Scriptures. The first occurs in the history of David, (1 Sam. xvi. 20,) where he expostulates with Saul concerning his unjust and foolish pursuit. " The king of Israel is come out to seek a flea, as when one doth hunt a partridge on the mountains." The other passage is, " As the partridge sitteth on eggs and hatcheth them not, so he that getteth riches, and not by right, shall leave them in the midst of his days." (Jer. xvii. 11.) It is said that the partridge, finding the nest of some other bird, will take possession of it, and sit on the eggs till the real owner of the nest comes and drives her away, and it is to this peculiarity that the above text is supposed to refer. The Peacock. Peacock. To describe, in adequate terms, the dazzling beauties of this elegant bird, would be a task of no small difficulty. His head is adorned with a tuft, consisting of twenty-four feathers, painted with the most exquisite green, mixed with gold. The head, throat, neck, and breast, are of 352 SCRIPTURE NATURAL HISTORY. PEL a deep blue, glossed with green and gold ; but the distin- guishing character of this singular bird is its train, which, when erected, forms a fan of the most resplendent hues. The voice is very hoarse and disagreeable, and its feet by no means in correspondence with the beauty of its plumage. The peacock has, in some countries, been esteemed an article of luxury; but whatever there may be of delicacy in the flesh of a young peacock, it is certain an old one is very indifferent eating. Peacocks were highly esteemed among the Romans, and they are mentioned, (1 Kings x. 22,) as among Solomon's importations from the East. Our peacocks were also brought from the East Indies, and we are assured that there are still vast flocks of them, in a wild state, in the islands of Java and Ceylon. Pelican. This bird is much larger than the swan, and somewhat resembles it in shape and colour, and that which distinguishes it from all other birds, is its enormous bill, and extraordinary pouch. From the point of the bill to the open- ing of the mouth, there is the distance of fifteen inches, and under the lower chop is a bag, reaching the entire length of the bill to the neck. When empty, this bag or pouch con- tracts so as scarcely to be perceived ; but when filled, its great bulk and singular appearance may easily be conceived. This bag, it is said, is capable of holding fifteen quarts of water. Tetre afiirms that this pouch will hold as many fish as will serve sixty hungry men for a meal. Such is the for- mation of this extraordinary bird, which is a native of Africa and America. The pelican is a torpid, inactive bird, and nothing can exceed its indolence but its gluttony. It is only from the stimulations of hunger that they are excited to labour; otherwise they would always remain in a state of fixed repose. Their lives are spent between sleeping and eating, and they are as foul as they are voracious. It was once believed that the pelican fed her young with her own blood. The fact is, that the parent bird feeds its young by pressing its full pouch against its breast, and thus expelling a portion of the contents. The appearance of the bird, in this attitude, with the blood red spot at the end of its bill, closely pressed against its breast, may readily account for the prevalence of such an idea, in the minds of superfi- cial observers. The pelican, being a solitary and torpid bird, is used as an RAV SCRIPTURE NATURAL HISTORY. 353 emblem of desolation. It was unclean under the law. (Lev. xi. 18. Dent. xiv. 17.) David, in his distress, was like a pelican of the wilderness ; that is, in a very lonely and mournful condition. (Ps. cii. 6.) Pigeon. In accordance with the ceremonial law, any per- son who was too poor to afford a lamb for an offering-, was permitted to bring- two turtle doves, or two young pigeons. (Lev. V. 7; xii. 8.) As this was the offering made by the parents of our Lord, (Luke ii. 24,) it was an evidence of their poverty. See Dove. Quail. This bird bears a great resemblance to the par- tridge in appearance, except that it is not more than half the size. Its flesh is a great delicacy. The feathers of the head are black, edged with a rusty brown ; the breast is of a pale yellowish red, spotted with black ; the feathers on the back are marked with lines of pale yellow, and the legs are of a pale hue. The oriental quail is a bird of passage. Hasselquist says it is plentiful near the shores of the Red Sea and the Jordan, and in the deserts of Arabia; and Diodorus asserts that it is caught, in immense numbers, about Rhinocolura, countries through which the Israelites passed on their way to the pro- mised land. On two occasions, the murmuring Hebrews were supplied with quails, and on each occasion, the event is distinctly re- ferred to the miraculous interposition of God. (Ex.xvi. 12,13; Numb. xi. 31.) On the first occasion, they were scattered about the camp, only for a single day ; on the second, they continued for the space of an entire month. Raven. This bird is about two feet in length, and four feet between the tips of the wings. The blackness of the raven is proverbial. (Cant. v. 11.) He is strong and hardy, and is found in every region of the globe. Cold and hot climates are alike indifferent to him, and he is equally active in both. The raven may be trained up to almost any purpose, for which birds of prey may be used. He may be taught the art of fowling, like the hawk ; to fetch and carry, like a spa- niel, and to talk, like the parrot, and also to sing. In his tame state, he is very amusing, but is a mischievous and pilfering bird. 2E2 354 SCRIPTURE NATURAL HISTORY. SCO Under the law, the raven was classed among the unclean birds. (Lev. xi. 15.) When Noah sent the raven out of the ark to see if the waters were abated, it did not return to him. (Gen. viii. 6, 7.) When the prophet Elijali retired, by the direction of God, near the brook Cherith, he was fed for some time by ravens, who brought him bread and flesh, morning and evening. (1 Kings xvii. 6.) Roe. It is thought that the Hebrew word, translated roe, in our Bibles, is the gazelle, or antelope. See Deer. Satvrs. Wild men, or imaginary animals, half man and. half goat, poetically introduced by Isaiah, (xiii. 21 ; xxxiv. 14,) as dancing among the ruins of Babylon. It is remarkable, that the inhabitants of that country still believe in the exist- ence there of satyrs. It is probable that the idea of the ex- istence of such an animal, may have been received from the ape, or, as it is sometimes called, the wild man of the woods, or satyr. The Scorpion. Scorpion. This is one of the largest of the insect tribe, and not less terrible from its size than its malignity. It bears a close resemblance to a lobster in shape, but is much more hideous in appearance. There are several kinds of scorpions, differing in size and colotir. There are four principal parts in the scorpion ; the head, the breast, the belly, and the tail. The head seems as if it were joined to the breast, in the middle of which are seen two eyes, and a little more forward, two eyes more, placed in the fore part of the head ; these eyes are so small that they are scarcely perceptible, and it is probable that this animal has SHE SCRIPTURE NATURAL HISTORY. 355 little occasion for seeino;. The mouth is furnished with two jaws, with which it breaks its food, and thrusts it into its mouth. On each side of the head are two arms, each com- posed of four joints, like the claws of a lobster. Besides these arms it has eight legs, four on each side. The body is divided into seven little rings, from the lowest of which is continued a tail, composed of six joints, the last being armed with a crooked sting. This sting is the instrument which renders the insect so formidable, and with which it inflicts a poison- ous, and often fatal v^^ound. The scorpion found in the south- ern countries of Europe, is about four inches long; but in the tropical climates of the East, it is often found twelve inches in length. Scorpions are mentioned as amongst the dangers of the Israelites, in the wilderness. (Deut. viii. 15.) This animal is always mentioned in the Scriptures, as an emblem of venom and malignity. (Ezek. ii. 6. Luke xi. 11, 12; x. 19. Rev. ix. 3—10.) Serpent. The craft and subtlety of this class of animals, which includes a very numerous race, differ- ing greatly from each other ^P in size and malignity, are frequently dwelt on in the sacred writings, as quali- ties for which it is emi- nently distinguished. Moses says it was more subtle than any beast of the field which the Lord had made ; (Gen. iii. 1;) and our Saviour refers to its wisdom, as affording a model for imitation to his disciples. (Matt. x. 16.) Sheep. In its present domestic state, the sheep is, of all animals, the most defenceless and inoffensive. With its liberty, it appears to have been deprived of its swiftness and cunning. Without swiftness, it endeavours to fly, and with- out strength, sometimes makes a useless opposition. In its ■wild state, however, it is a hardy, active animal, and in every way fitted to defend itself, or escape from those dangers by which it is surrounded. In Syria, there are two kinds of sheep ; the one differing in no respect from those among us, except that their tails are The Serpent. 356 SCRIPTURE NATURAL HISTORY. SNA somewhat longer and thicker; the other kind is that which has been so frequently mentioned by travellers, on account of the extraordinary size of the tail ; and this species is by far the most numerous. The tail of this kind of sheep is affirmed by travellers to weigh from fifteen to fifty pounds. In a domesticated state, the sheep, as already noticed, is a weak and defenceless animal, and dependent altogether on the care of man for its protection and support ; but, notwith- standing its imbecility, it is nevertheless prone to stray from the care of its keeper; and on this character of the sheep, almost all the allusions to this animal, in the wScriptures, are founded. David confesses that he had imitated their foolish conduct. "I have gone astray like a lost sheep," and, conscious that he was disposed, like them, to wander still further from the fold, he adds, 'seek thy servant." (Ps. cxix. 176.) The sheep-folds, among the Israelites, appear to have been generally houses, or enclosures, walled round, to guard the sheep from beasts of prey by night, and the scorching heat by day. To this kind of sheep-fold our Saviour, -doubtless, refers. " He that entereth not by the door into the sheep- fold, but climbeth up some other way, the same is a thief and a robber." (John x. I — 11.) Snail. The wise Author of nature having denied feet and claws, to enable snails to creep and climb, has made amends to them, in a way more commodious for their state of life, by the broad skin along each side of their belly, and the imdu- lating motion observable there. By this motion they creep ; by the broad skin, assisted by the glutinous slime emitted from the body, they adhere firmly and securely to the surface of any object, partly by the tenacity of their slime, and partly by tlie pressure of the atmosphere. Thus the snail wastes itself by its own motion, every undulation leaving some of its moisture behind; and, in the same manner, the actions of wicked men prove their destruction. They may, like the snail, carry their defence along with them, and retire into it, as the snail does into its shell, on every appearance of danger; they may confidently trust in their own resources, and banish far away the fear of evil ; but the principles of ruin are at work within them, and though the progress may be slow, the result is certain. The Psalmist prayed, "As a snail that melteth, let every one of them pass away;" and STO SCRIPTURE NATURAL HISTORY. 357 Jehovah answered, "The wicked shall be turned into hell, and all the nations that forget God." (Ps. Iviii. 8. Lev. xi. 30.) Sparrovv% The Hebrew word translated sparrow, is also used for all sorts of clean birds, or those whose use was not forbidden in the law, and especially for the smaller birds; and in most of the passages where a sparrow is mentioned, we may understand a bird of any kind. A very small kind of bird is no doubt understood, which was sold five for two farthings, or two fur a farthing. (Matt. x. 29. Luke xii. The natural history of the spider is exceedingly curious in all its details ; but our limits forbid us from pursuing it further. Stork. This bird is one of the crane kind, and has the long beak and legs which characterize that species. The most remarkable of the storks is the white one, the length of which is above three feet. The bill is nearly eight inches long, and of a fine red colour. The skin of the legs and bare part of the thighs, is also red. ^ The white stork is semi-domestic, haunting towns and cities, in many countries, and stalking about the streets un- concernedly, from which they remove the filth, and clear the 358 SCRIPTURE NATURAL HISTORY. SWA fields of serpents and reptiles. On this account they are protected in Holland, held in high veneration by the Ma- hometans, and so greatly were they respected, in times of old, by the Thessalonians, that to kill one of these birds, was a crime expiable only by death. The ancients, indeed, describe it as a pattern of conjugal fidelity, and of filial and paternal piety. Moses places the stork amongst the unclean birds. (Lev. xi. 19. Detit. xiv. 18.) The Psalmist says, (civ. 17,) as for the stork, the fir trees are her house. The low houses in Palestine did not afford so favourable a situation for the stork to build in, as the houses of Europe, and she, doubtless for that reason, resorted to the pine trees. Profane writers speak much of the piety of the stork, and of its gratitude to its parents. Swallow. There are many species of the swallow; all of them have bills which are broad, small at the point, and slightly curved. The wings are long, and the tail forked, the legs short and slender. Their voice is a peculiar twittering noise, and they fly with great rapidity. The only mention of the swallow, in Scripture, is in Isaiah xxxviii. 14, and Jeremiah viii. 7. Hezekiah, referring to his recent afiliction, says, as a swallow, or a crane, so did I chat- ter. The note of swallows being quick and mournful, the allusion of the king is supposed to be to his prayers, which were so interrupted by groans, as to be like the quick twitter- ings of the swallow. The passage in Jeremiah refers to the well known migration of this bird, from which the prophet takes occasion to reprove the ingratitude of the favoured tribes. " The turtle, and the crane, and the swallow, observe the time of their coming, but my people know not the judg- ment of the Lord." Swan. So much difference exists between this bird when on land and in the water, that it hardly appears like the same creature. When it ascends from the water, its favourite element, its motions are awkward, and its neck is stretched forward with an air of stupidity; but when seen smoothly gliding along the water, displaying a thousand graceful attitudes, and moving at pleasure, without the smallest apparent effort, there is not a more beautiful figure in all nature. It is SWA SCRIPTURE NATURAL HISTORY. 359 The Swan. able to swim faster than a man can walk. This beautiful bird is as deli- cate in its appetites, as it is elegant in its form. Its chief food is corn, herbs growing in the water, and roots and seeds which are found near the margin. At the time of incubation, it pre- pares a nest in some retired part of the bank, and chiefly where there is a small island in the stream. The swan la3's seven or eight eggs, white, and much larger than that of the goose. A female has been known to attack and drown a fox, which was swimming towards her nest, and an old swan can break the leg of a man with his wing. The swan is a long-lived bird, and sometimes attains the age of more than a hundred years. The wild, or whistling swan, though so strongl 3^ resembling the tame one in colour and form, yet differs considerably from it, especially in its internal structure. It is also less, by a fourth, in size; the tame swan weighing about twenty, and the wild about fifteen pounds. The wild species is found in most of the northern regions, in America, and probably in the East Indies. The tame swan makes no noise, except a hiss ; the wild one has a sharp, loud cry, particularly while flying. The song, ascribed to this bird, when dying, by the ancients, is a mere fable. The colour of the tame swan, is all over white; the wild one, along the back, and tips of the wing, inclines to an ash colour. The black swan, of New Holland, that country of animal wonders, presents us with a bird, which the ancients imagined could not possibly have an existence. The black swan is ex- actly similar in its form to the same bird found in other countries, but is somew-hat less in size. Every part of the plumage is perfectly black, except a few of the longest quill feathers, which are white. The bill is bright-red, and the legs and feet ash-coloured. They are extremely shy, and when disturbed, fly off, one after another, like wild geese. The swan is amongst the birds declared unclean, by the Levitical law, and is only twice mentioned in the Bible, (Lev. 360 SCTRIPTURE NATlfRAL HISTORY xi. 18. Deut. xiv. 16 ;) and some authors have doubted whether this bird is that really intended by the ^yord so translated. Swine. This word was formerly used in the singular, as well as the plural number, but it is novr generally \ised for hogs, in the plural. See Boar. Tortoise. Tortoises are usually divided into those which live upon land, and those that. live in the water; and use has- made a distinction in the name, the one being called tortoises, and the other turtles. It has been proved, however, that they are all able to live in either element, and, upon examir>ation, there will be less variety found among them, than amongst birds that live upon land, and those that swim in the water. Catching Turtle. All tortoises, in their external form, much resemble each other, their outward covering being composed of two great shells, the one laid upon the other, and only touching at the edges. There are two holes at either edge of this vaulted body, one for a very small head, shoulders, and arms to peep through, the other at the opposite edge, for the feet and the tail. These shells the animal is never disengaged from, and they serve for its defence against every creature, except man. When alarmed, it draws in its feet and head, and closes the shell, in such a manner as to afford it complete protection. It has no teeth, but its moath is armed with a hard, bony rim. Its tail is strong and scaly, like the lizard. SCRIPTURE NATURAL HISTORY. 361 The land tortoise is a long'-lived animal, and, with respect to injuries, may be considered as almost endowed with im- mortality. Tiielossof a limb is a trifling matter, and it seems as though nothing could kill it. It will live with its brain taken out, and even with its head cut oif. They have fre- quently been known to live for eighty years, and sometimes more than a hundred.. The sea tortoise, or turtle, as it is usually called, is much larger than the land tortoise. The great Mediterranean tur- tle is the largest of the kind. It is found from five to eight feet long, and from six to nine hundred pounds weight; but these are a formidable and useless kind, compared with those of the South Seas. They are of different kinds, not only unlike each other in form, but furnishing man with different advantages. The imbricated turtle supplies the tortoise shell which is so extensively used, and the green turtle is not less noted for the delicacy and nutritive qualities oCits flesh. This last kind is generally found to weigh about two hundred weight, though some are found much larger. Dampier mentions one so large, that a boy of ten years of age, the son of Captain Rock, used the shell as a boat, and went from the shore in it, to his father's ship. Both the land and sea tortoise feed chiefly on vegetable substances. The tortoise is classed amongst reptiles, is a cold blooded animal, and is mentioned as unclean in the ceremonial law. (Lev. xi. 29.) Some learned men, however, think a kind of lizard is intended. If the tortoise was the animal referred to, it was no doubt the land tortoise. Unicorn. I^Iuch difference of opinion has existed among learned men, as to the animal referred to by the original word, by our translators rendered unicorn. Did the original word, in itself, denote, as in our translation, an animal having only one horn, much of this uncertainty would cease; but as this is not the case, it affords a much wider scope than otherwise would exist, for the exercise of the imagination of biblical critics. The first allusion to this animal, is in the reply of Balaam to Balak, when importuned by the terrified king to curse the invading armies of Israel — " God brought them out of Egypt, he hath, as it were, the strength of an unicorn." (Numb, xxiii. 22; xxiv. 8.) From this it is evident that the animal was con- sidered as possessing considerable power. Isaiah associates 2F 362 SCRIPTURE NATURAL HISTORY. him with other powerful animals, to symbolize the leaders and princes of the hostile nations, that were destined to invade his country. " And the unicorns shall come down with them, and the bullocks with the bulls." (Isa. xxxiv. 7.) From the book of Job, we learn that he was not only an animal of con- siderable strength, but also possessed of a very intractable dis- position. "\Vill the unicorn be willing to serve thee, or abide by thy crib V (Job xxxix. 9 — 12.) This animal is also referred to in two or three other passages in the Scriptures, but without any very particular allusion to its manners or habits. (Deut. xxxiii. 17. Ps. xxii. 21; xxix:. 6.) From these passages, chiefly, we are to form our opinion with respect to the animal intended by the sacred writers. The name of unicorn was anciently given to an animal de- scribed as having legs like the deer, the head, mane, and tail like the horse, and in the middle of its forehead, a single horn, from which it took its name. Whether such an animal now exists, or ever did exist, has been doubted. Most learned men have considered the existence of such an animal as alto- gether fabulous, and have, consequently, endeavoured to find, amongst those animals w'hose existence and character are well determined, one whose description best corresponds with that referred to in the Scriptures; and the two which have princi- pally divided the opinions of learned men are, the rhinoceros, and w^ld buffalo. Those writers who prefer the rhinoceros, as the representa- tive of the unicorn, depend on the name given in the trans- lations, as signifying an animal with only one horn, and as corresponding, in his character, with the description given of that animal. Those who j)refpr the wild buffalo as represent- ing the unicorn, deny that the original word has any reference to an animal with one horn, and they argue that the buffalo agrees, in character, with the scriptural account of the unicorn. It is objected, also, that though the rhinoceros in some coun- tries has only one horn, yet in those parts where the animal is found nearest to Palestine, it has two horns, and those not as the unicorn is described, having the horn projecting from the forehead, but one above the other on the snout. The ob- jections against those who advocate the wild buffalo as the animal'iiitended, arise from his having two horns; and though acknowledged to be exceedingly fierce, not fully meeting the description of the animal under consideration. On the whole, between the claims of the rhinoceros and UNI SCRIPTURE NATURAL HISTORY. 363 the wild buffalo, to be considered the unicorn of Scripture, we should have no difficulty in deciding in favour of the rhinoceros, as best acrreeing- with the description of that animal ; and will, therefore, give a somewhat more minute account of it. Next to the elephant, the rhinoceros is said to be the most powerful of animals. When full grown, it is twelve feet long, from the tip of the nose to the insertion of the tail ; from six to seven feet high, and the circumference of its body is nearly equal to its length. It is, therefore, equal to the elephant in bulk; and the reason of its appearing so much smaller to the eye than that animal, is, that its legs are shorter. But for its horn, its head would have the appear- ance of that of a hog. The skin is naked, rough, knotty, and lying on the body in folds in a very peculiar manner, and so thick, as to turn the edge of a scimitar, and to resist a musket ball. Battle between the Rhinoceros and Tiger. Such are the general characteristics of an animal that ap- pears chiefly formidable from, the horn growing out of its snout, and from that circumstance, rendered irresistible to nearly every inhabitant of the forest. The elephant, the boar, and the buJEfalo, are obliged to strike transversely with their weapons ; but the rhinoceros, from the situation of its horn, employs all its force with every blow; so that the tiger will 364 SCRIPTURE NATURAL HISTORY. UNI rather attack any other animal, though dreadful battles fre- quently take place between them, in \vhich the tiger is almost uniformly destroyed. In combats with the elephant also, the rhinoceros frequently comes off victorious, as its lowness of stature enables it to get under the elephant, and pierce a vital part with its horn. Travellers assure us, that the elephant is often found dead in the forests, pierced with the horn of the rhinoceros. The great diversity of opinion which has prevailed amongst learned men as to these animals, affords a strong ground for inference, that neither of them was intended ; on the contrary, we believe quite as strong, or even stronger testimony can be produced in favour of the existence of an animal, formerly and at the present time, which is no doubt the true represen- tative of the unicorn described by the ancients. Niebuhr, the celebrated traveller,relates, thatin the ruins of Persepolis, he found, on almost every staircase, the figure of a unicorn depicted in various attitudes; and Pliny, in speak- ing of the wild beasts of India says, with respect to this ani- mal— " The unicorn is an exceeding fierce animal, resembling a horse as to the rest of his body, but having the head like a stag, the feet like an elephant, and the tail like a wild boar; its roaring is loud, and it has a black horn ofabout two cubits projecting from the middle of the forehead." These seem to be the chief ancient testimony in relation to this animal. In more recent times, we have further traces of this animal in Southern Africa, and also in Central Asia, in both of which places it has been asserted, on authority which appears to be altogether worthy of confidence, that it has been seen; and when we consider that the giraffe or cameleopard has only a short time since been rediscovered, after having been known to the ancients, and long considered fabulous by the moderns, and that a large part of Africa and Central Asia is still en- tirely unexplored by Europeans, it is by no means improbable that the unicorn now exists in those remote regions, and that it will ere long be rediscovered, and its existence placed be- yond a doubt. The gnu or horned horse, which has been, within a short time since, brought from the Cape of Good Hope, possesses characteristics quite as extraordinary as those which have been assigned to the unicorn ; and if it possessed one straight instead of two crooked horns, would bear a strong resem- blance to the description of that animal. VUL SCRIPTURE NATURAL HISTORY. 365 Viper. This is a kind of serpent of w"hich there are several species, all of which are venomous, and some of them produce death in a short time. It is usually two or three feet in leng^th, and is a slow moving- kind of serpent. The poison is infused into the wound by a canal in the fangs, by which it is inflicted. The Vulture. Vulture. The first rank amongst birds of prey, has been assigned to the eagle, not because it is larger than the vul- ture, but because it is more noble and courageous, and pos- sesses at least as great an inclination for war, as an appetite for prey. The vulture is deficient in all the more respectable qualities of the eagle, and only rivals it in size, strength, and rapacity. Vultures may readily be distinguished from all those of the eagle kind, by the nakedness of their heads and necks, which are without feathers, and only covered by a very slight down, or a few scattered hairs ; the eyes are more promiinent, the claws are shorter and less hooked, and the flight more diffi- cult and heavy. All the vulture tribe are cruel, uncleanly, and indolent. This bird is found in almost all the countries of the Eastern end Western continent. In Egypt, indeed, it seems to be of singular service. There are great flocks of them in the neighbourhood, of Grand Cairo, which no person is permitted to destroy, because they devour all the carrion and filth, which 2F2 366 SCRIPTURE NATURAL HISTORY. WHA has so great a tendency to corrupt and putrefy the air. In South America they are found in great abundance, and when they light upon a carcass, which they have liberty to feed on at their ease, they so gorge themselves that they are unable to fly, but keep hopping along on the ground wlien pursued. At all times it is a bird of slow flight, and when thoroughly gorged, is utterly helpless. There are several varieties of the vulture, all of which so closely resemble each other in manners and habits, as to require no particular notice. The condor, however, which belongs to the vulture tribe, is remarkable for its immense size, and is doubtless much the largest of all birds that are capable of flight. It also possesses all the qualities which render it formidable to other animals, and even to man him- self. It is said to be eighteen feet across the wings, its beak is so strong as to pierce the body of a cow, and two of them are able to devour her at a meal. It is supposed that the great bird called the roc, described by the Arabian writers, and so much exaggerated by fable, is but a species of the condor. The vulture is mentioned in the ceremonial law as among the unclean birds, (Lev. xi. 14. Deut. xiv. 13,) and is also referred to by the prophet Isaiah, as an emblem of desola- tion, (Isa. xxxiv. 15.) "Whale. Of the whale, properly so called, there are several different species, but the two principal divisions are the common or Greenland whale, and the spermaceti whale. The great Greenland whale is the animal, for the taking of which such extensive preparations are made in the di^ ferent ports of Europe and America. It is a large heavy animal, and the head is a third part of its bulk. It is usually found from sixty to seventy feet long. The tail is about twenty-four feet broad, and when it lies on one side, a blow from it is tremendous. The skin is smooth and black, and in some places marbled with white and yellow, which, run- ning over the surface, has a very beautiful effect. The cleft of the mouth is above twenty feet long, which is about one- third of the animal's whole length, and the upper jaw is fur- nished with barbs that lie like the pipes of an organ, the greatest in the middle, and the smallest on the sides: these compose the whalebone, the longest of which are not less than eighteen feet. The eyes are not larger than those of an WHA SCRIPTURE NATURAL HISTORY. 367 ox, and placed towards the back of the head, which enables them to see both before and behind, and they appear to be very sharp-sighted. As these animals breathe the air, it is obvious that they cannot remain a great length of time under water. They are constrained, therefore, every two or three minutes, to come up to the surface to take breath, as well as to spout out through their nostril (for they have but one) the water they have sucked in while gaping for their prey. The cachalot, or spermaceti whale, is not of such enormous size as the Greenland whale ; it does not exceed sixty feet in length, and sixteen in depth, and being more slender, is also more active than the common whale. The head of the spermaceti is even larger than the common whale, being equal to one-half the bulk of the animal. This species of whale is the most sought after, and is by far the most valua- ble, as it contains two important drugs, spermaceti and ambersfris. Whale Fishery. To enter into a detail of the mode in which these animals are captured, or to give a minute account of the whale fishery, though very interesting, does not comport with our object; we would only notice, therefore, that when the ships which are fitted out for this purpose, arrive at the proper location, 568 SCRIPTURE NATURAL HISTORY. WOL / the whale is pursued by boats, containing a number of men, armed with harpoons, to which a rope is attached, and being struck as often as it comes up to breathe, it at length expires under repeated wounds. It may readily be supposed, that the pursuit of such a huge and powerful animal is often attended with extreme danger. The whale is several times mentioned in the Scriptures. In the account of the creation, it is said that " God created great whales" on the fifth day. (Gen. i. 21.) When Job, duringhis distress and great affliction, addressed the Almighty, he says, "am I a sea or a whale, that thou settest a watch over me T" (Job vii. 12.) Ezekiel compares the powerful and cruel king of Egypt, to a young lion, and a whale. (Ezek. xxxii. 2.) It is generally believed, that the great fish by which Jonah was so miraculously preserved was a whale, (Jonah i. 17,) and our Lord, in speaking of this event, (Matt. xii. 40,) calls it so. It has been disputed, however, whether the " great fish" was really a whale or not, and is denied by some, be- cause there are no whales in the Mediterranean sea, where this event occurred, and because the throat of a whale is too small to swallow a man. To us neither of these reasons present the least difficulty, as it is altogether probable that whales did frequent the Mediterranean in the early periods of the world, before so many great ships were constantly ploughing its surface, and though the throat of the whale is* too small to swallow a man, 5'et when we consider that the head, and consequently the mouth, in som.e species of the whale, is equal to half the animal, it would certainly be no great stretch of words to say that the whale swallowed Jonah, though he did not actually pass into the stomach of the animal. Wolf. This is one of those animals whose appetite for animal food is the most vehement, and whose means of satis- fying that appetite are the most various. Nature has fur- nished him with strength, with cunning, with agility, and all those requisites, in a word, which fit an animal for pursu- ing, overtaking, and conquering its prey ; and yet with all these the wolf not unfrequently dies of hunger, for he is the declared enemy of man. Being long proscribed, and a re- ward offered for his head, he is obliged to fly from the habita- tions of man. and to live in the forest, where the few wild WOL SCRIPTURE NATURAL HISTORY. 369 animals to be found, escape him either by their swiftness or their art, or are supplied in too small a proportioa to satisfy his rapacity. When pressed with huno-er, however, he braves danger, and attacks those animals which are under the pro- tection of man, particularly lambs and sheep, which are its favourite prey. The wolf, both externally and internally, so nearly re- sembles the dog-, that they seem formed on the same plan, but in their dispositions they are entirely unlike ; the wolf, when tamed, seldom showing any of that attachment and devotedness to his master, which so strongh/ characterizes the other faithful animal. The wolf is usually, when full grown, above two and a half feet in height, and three and a half from the nose to the tail. The head is long, and more pointed than the dog, the ears erect, and the eyes lively and fierce. The tail is long and bushy, and bends down towards the legs, the hair is of a grayish yellow colour, with a dark stripe on the fore- legs, but in some climates the colour is nearly black. When driven by hunger, wolves will not hesitate to attack human beings. The following circumstance is said to have occurred in Russia, some years ago. A poor woman and three children were in a sledge, when they were pursued by a number of wolves. On this, she drove tov/ards her home, which was not far distant, with all possible speed. The ferocious animals, however, gained on her, when, for the preservation of her ovv^n life, and the lives of her two other children, she 'threw out her babe, to her bloodthirsty pursu- ers. This, however, only stopped their career for a moment, and on their approach the second and third times, the other children were successively thrown out to them. Soon after the last child had been devoured, the Vv^retched woman reached her home, and related what had happened, endeavouring to excuse her conduct, by describing the dread- ful condition to which she had been reduced. A peasant, however, who was amongst the by-standers, took up an axe, and with one blow killed her, sa5nng, that a woman who could thus sacrifice her ov/n offspring, was no longer fit to live. The peasant was imprisoned, but afterwards par- doned by the emperor. The allusions to the wolf in the Scriptures, correspond with the history given of him by naturalists. His fierceness and cruelty are the dispositions chiefly referred to. He is 370 SCRIPTURE NATURAL HISTORY. WOR frequently mentioned in the Scriptures, and appears to have abounded in Palestine and the neighbouring countries. (Gen. xlix. 27. Matt. vii. 15.) Worm. Animals of the worm kind, are placed by scien- tific writers, as the first in the class of zoophytes ; but as, like serpents, they have a creeping motion, so both, in gener- al, go under the common appellation of reptiles. But, though worms as well as serpents, are mostly without feet, and have been doomed to creep along the earth, yet their motions are very different. The serpent, having a back bone, bends its body into the form of a bow, and then shoots forward from the tail ; but the worm has the power of lengthening or con- tracting itself, at will. There is no phenomenon in all natural history, more asto- nishing, than what is sometimes seen in creatures of the worm kind. Some of them will live without their limbs, and often are seen to reproduce them. Some continue to exist, though cut in two, their principal parts preserving life, while the others perish; but the earth worm, and all the zoophyte tribe, continue to live in separate parts, and one animal, by means of cutting, is divided into two distinct existences, perhaps into a thousand. The earth worm, for instance, when cut in two in the middle, will become two perfect animals, the head will reproduce a tail, and the tail part will reproduce a head, and forming two equally perfect and distinct animals. Wonderful as this fact may appear, repeated experiments have verified it beyond all question. There are four kinds of worms spoken of in Scripture: those which breed in putrefied bodies ; those which cut woollen garments ; those which perforate the leaves and bark of trees, and those which are destructive to the vines referred to in Deut. xxxiii, 39. Job xxv. 6. Ps. xxii. 6, THE END. 1.
adventuresinpat00fielgoog_1	English-PD	Public Domain	About Google Book Search Google's mission is to organize the world's information and to make it universally accessible and useful. Google Book Search helps readers discover the world's books while helping authors and publishers reach new audiences. You can search through I lie lull lexl of 1 1 us book on I lie web al \|_-.:. :.-.-:: / / books . qooqle . com/\| q its- rtlti' A I ADVENTURES IN PATAGON IA Missionary's Exploring Trip BY THE REV. TITUS COAN WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY REV. HENRY M. FIELD, D.D, NEW YORK DODD, MEAD & COMPANY Publishers. Copyright, 1880, by DODD, MEAD A COMPANY a£°- ... a III. The Embarkation 30 CHAPTER IV Arrival at our Landing Place • •• 46 CHAPTER V. Visiting the Indian Camp 65 CHAPTER VI. A Squall go CHAPTER VII. Chief Congo and his Clan » 124 4 CONTENTS CHAPTER VIII. FACT Arrival of the "Queen" • 148 CHAPTER IX. Sail ho ! 160 CHAPTER X. Camp Life 190 CHAPTER XL Farewell to Patagonia 210 CHAPTER XII. Life at the Falkland Islands 221 CHAPTER XIII. Homeward Bound 254 CHAPTER XIV. Mr. Darwin's Explorations 269 CHAPTER XV. The Captive in Patagonia 287 CHAPTER XVI. The Story of Capt Gardiner, R. N 291 CHAPTER XVII. Later Efforts for Patagonia 311 List of Writings Relating to Patagonia 320 INTRODUCTION. The writer of the following narrative is one of the most venerable of living missionaries, and a noble type of the " high caste" to which he belongs. With the strong religious conviction which comes from Puritan birth and training, with a faith that never doubts, and a zeal that inspires courage and devotion, he unites a practical turn of mind, a nat- ural sagacity, and a quickness of adaptation to all vicissitudes of experience which may come to him in strange lands and among strange peoples — qual- ities which, combined, have made the American missionary a marked character in many parts of the world, and given him great success. The Rev. Titus Coan is a native of New England, born in Killingworth, Conn., where his life began with the century, February ist, 1801. He was the son of a farmer, and had no advantages but such as were afforded by the common schools. He devel- oped a stalwart and rugged frame, and became noted for his physical strength. In manly sports Vi INTRODUCTION. he was an athlete, performing with ease the feat of lifting a barrel of flour to his shoulders. He joined a military company, in which his strength and courage gave him precedence, and he soon rose to be a captain. This military training was not lost upon him, and the endurance thus developed did him good service in the privations, hardships, and exposures of his after-life. One could not live in Connecticut in those days without having his religious impressions and expe- riences. The famous evangelist, Asahel Nettleton, a native of Killingworth, was then setting New England aflame by his fervid eloquence. Where- ever he went he was followed by crowds, to whom he preached with an earnestness and solemnity that filled them with awe. Young Coan was a cousin of Nettleton, and could not but be moved by the tide of religious feeling that swept over the country, though it was not till he had grown to manhood that he took the decided stand implied in making a "profession" of his faith. When religion takes hold of a strong character, it takes the stamp of the man, and stands out pronounced and positive. One who had been the athlete of his native town, foremost ^mong his comrades, was not likely to be afraid of l.tiln^ them see the new stand that he had taken. T;o npt and bold in everything he did, no sooner INTRODUCTION. vil had he come out on the Lord's side, than he " wheeled into line" with the precision of a soldier, and taking Christ for his Captain, marched in the van under his great Leader. Hardly had he taken this stand, before his thoughts turned to the profession of the ministry. He was then living in Western New York, near Rochester, and the nearness of Auburn Seminary offered him a place for theological study. Prepar- ing himself with such opportunities as he had (with- out the delay of going through college), he entered the Seminary in the fall of 1831. Looking for- ward to his future career, he had already decided to devote himself to the work of foreign missions, when the American Board (being assured by a sea captain lately returned from South America that a hopeful field might be found among the tribes of Patagonia) was looking around for a couple of in- trepid soldiers of the Cross, to undertake an explor- ing expedition, and fixed upon young Coan, who had at once the physical strength and the fervent spirit. Reports were conflicting about the country and its people, and the expedition promised to be one of a good deal of adventure, if not of personal danger. It might be too much to say that the ad- venture and the danger were an attraction to the late captain of the militia but they certainly did viii INTRODUCTION. not intimidate him. After due deliberation, taking counsel with his teachers, and with one whose voice might be more potent still, since she was to share his life and his fortunes in any quarter of the globe, he accepted the appointment, and with a fellow- student set out for the extreme point of the conti- nent. The following pages contain the narrative of his adventures in Patagonia, which were cer- tainly full enough of excitement and of danger to satisfy the most ardent spirit A few months' ex- perience of the wild country and its untamable in- habitants showed him that the field was not so promising as he had been told, and he returned to the United States for further orders. He then married, and accompanied by his bride, set sail for the Hawaiian Islands, which through the voyages of whaling ships had become somewhat known to the American public. There was then no overland route, nor short cut across the Isthmus of Panama. They took the long course around Cape Horn, and were just six months on the voyage, when they came in sight of the beautiful islands which were to be their home for the rest of their days. Then began that long course of service which has few parallels in the annals of missionary life — ■ few in the display of fidelity and devotion, " endur- ing hardship as a good soldier," and fewer still in INTRODUCTION. \x its marvellous successes. Cast almost like a ship* wrecked voyager on a distant shore, among a strange people, with whom at first he could only communicate through signs or by an interpreter,, he set himself at once to master the language, and so quickly did he catch the words and inflections, that in three montlis he preached his first sermon to the natives in their own tongue. In his inter- course with this simple people, of whom he sought to gain the affection and confidence, he showed a tact which was his birthright as a son of New Eng- land. He had a great deal of mother wit and natural shrewdness and pleasant humor, which gave a charm to his conversation even with these untutored children of nature, while his overflowing kindness soon open- ed to him the door of every native's hut and heart. Desiring only to do them good, he tried to aid them in every way. He was a little of a doctor, knowing the remedies for the more common dis- eases, and, having a chest of medicines, prescribed for the poor people who were suffering. Often the natives stood in great numbers on the porch of his dwelling, with dusky arms outstretched, waiting for vaccination, or for his lancet to open a vein, that by bleeding they might be relieved of a burning fever. He even performed graver surgical opera- X INTRODUCTION, tions. Those who had domestics troubles of any kind — wives who had shiftless husbands, or hus- bands who had termagant wives — alike sought the counsel of Father Coan, who was the general peace- maker. Thus he seemed to unite in himself the duties of preacher, pastor, and magistrate, and to be at once the teacher, guide, and friend of the whole population. Nor were his labors confined to the spot where he lived. He made missionary tours to other parts of the island, now sailing in a canoe along the coast, and landing at the different places where he had made appointments to preach, and now climbing the slopes, which ascend in a series of ridges towards the mountains which make the centre of the island. In these journeys he encountered every sort of hard- ship. The tropical rains often came down in floods, converting in a few hours a rocky gorge into a foaming torrent, which no boat could cross and no swimmer could stem. But here his ready contri- vance did not desert him. Calling to the natives on the other bank to throw him a rope, such as they make of the bark of the hibiscus, he seized it with his strong hands, and tying it around his body, was dragged across. Thus the fame of this man of God spread abroad, and wherever he went the people "thronged him. 1 INTRODUCTION. x 'l When he could not go to them they came to him. From all parts of the island they flocked to Hilo. " Whole villages gathered from many miles away, and made their homes near the mission house. Within the radius of a mile the little cabins cluster- ed thick as they could stand. Hilo, the village of ten hundred, saw its population suddenly swelled to ten thousand, and here was held, literally, a camp meeting of two years. At any hour of the day or night a tap of the bell would bring together a con- gregation of from three to six thousand. Meetings for prayer and preaching were held daily." Congregations so vast and so long continued have not often been assembled since Apostolic times, and the Spirit came down upon them as on the day of Pentecost. The preacher himself was thrilled by the scene, and catching an inspiration from the thousands of eager eyes and listening ears, felt lifted up with a strange power. " There was a fire in his bones." Were the congregation ever so large and tumultuous, it hushed at the sound of his voice. He said: "I would rise before the restless, noisy crowd and begin. It wasn't long before I felt that I had got hold of them. There seemed to be a chord of electricity binding them to me. I knew that I had them, that they would not go away. The Spirit would hush them by the truth till they would Xii INTRODUCTION. sob and cry ' What shall we do ? ' and the noise of the weeping would be so great that I could not go on. As the fruit of these remarkable scenes a large part of the population abandoned heathenism, and professed to be converted to the Christian faith, in- somuch, that when they came to be baptized, the good man was obliged to perform the sacred rite for them en masse. Seizing a brush like an asper- sarium y and passing to and fro among the crowded rows of the candidates, he sprinkled them by scores and hundreds, pronouncing over them, the name of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost. Strange as it may seem to us, the service did not thereby lose any of its solemnity, but was rather more impressive from being done in this grand, majestic way, where- as on a smaller scale it might have lost by the end- less repetition. By these immense additions the church at Hilo grew till it numbered over five thou- sand members, making the largest Protestant church in the world. Mr. Coan and his wife remained on the islands thirty-five years before revisiting their native coun- try. When they came back in 1870, they found an- other world than that which they had left. All things had become new. They had made their out- ward voyage in a small sailing vessel. They re- INTRODUCTION. x iii turned in a steamship. When they landed in San Francisco they had scarcely seen a railroad. Now they were whirled in fire-drawn cars up the moun- tains and over the plains, across the whole breadth of the continent. The fame of the missionary had gone before him, and wherever he came among the churches he was welcomed with an enthusiasm such as had not been manifested since the heroic Judson came back from Burmah, years before. When they visited New York they were guests in the house of the writer, where we were charmed alike by the in- telligence, sprightliness, and animation of the vet- eran missionary, and the sweetness of her who had been his faithful companion during his long exile. It was then that, as we sat in the library, he talked freely, though very simply and modestly, of all the way in which God had led him. Among other things he related his early experiences in Patagonia, and it was perhaps in response to our suggestion and that of others that he prepared the narrative which follows. They returned the following year, and when they reached the Islands were received by the natives with great demonstrations. Here was to be their home for the rest of their days. Two years after the wife and mother died, while the father still lives in his eightieth year — a hale and hearty old man, Xiv INTRODUCTION. happy in the recollection of the past, happy in the good which he has done to the people to whom he has given his life, and happy in their tender and affectionate veneration. He cannot be expected to continue long. In a few more years he will be laid beside her whom he so much loved. Though they sleep far from their native land, it is not unmeet that they should be laid to rest in the island for which they had done so much ; on those beautiful shores where the waters of .the Pacific come rippling and murmuring up the beach. Nor will their mem- ory depart. As long as the generation that knew them shall remain, the simple natives will often visit their graves, and recall their virtues with tears of love and gratitude. H. M. F. New York, March, 1880. PREFACE. The following notes of a visit to Patagonia and the Falkland Islands are offered to the public ;n response to the call of many friends who de- sire to see the simple narrative in print. These sketches of daily life at sea and among the wild savages of" Patagonia were written for friends, and to assist personal recollections, and are now offered with diffidence simply as a plain record of facts and experiences. The Supplement is added because the published narratives of visitors and missionary toilers among the Patagonian and Fuegian tribes have furnished new facts concerning those dark realms since the earlier part of the book was written. I have therefore taken the liberty to quote from the voyages of Admiral Fitzroy, Prof. Charles Darwin, Mr. Bourne, and from " The Story of Allen Gar- diner," to all of which I am indebted for impor- tant information, as I am also to very many 8 PREFACE. shipmasters, officers, and private friends, whose sympathy, unaffected courtesy, and generous aid were so liberally extended to my companion and to myself during that memorable year of our lives. May Heaven's blessings rest upon them all in this life and throughout the future ; and may the day be hastened when from every mountain-top and from the shining hills of heaven no "dark places shall be seen on earth" and no " habitations of cruelty" ! , T. C. Hilo, Hawaii, 1879. MISSION. TO PATAGONIA. CHAPTER I. PREPARATION TO SEND A MISSIONARY EXPLOR- ING EXPEDITION TO PATAGONIA. WHILE in the Theological Seminary at Au- burn, N. Y., the following letter came to me one day in June, 1833: "Missionary Rooms, Boston, June 19, 1833. " Mr. Titus Coan, " Theological Seminary, Auburn. " My DEAR Sir : An exploring mission has been resolved upon by the Committee, Providence permitting, on the western coast of Patagonia. The vessel in which the mission must go, if it goes during the present year, is expected to sail on the last of July, and two missionaries can have a free passage. Two men ought by all means to go, and IO ADVENTURES IN PATAGONIA. not one alone. One — Mr. Arms, of the Theologi- cal Seminary of Andover — has been engaged for the enterprise, and another is wanted. It occur- red to us that perhaps you were the man. We received your testimonials, and made inquiries, and the result is that the question has been brought before the Committee, and they have unanimously appointed you a missionary of the Board, with special reference to this important expedition. Mr. Arms, the bearer of this letter, will explain to you the nature of the mission. " The plan is, in brief, that two men, willing to endure hardship, be landed on the coast, at a place which is resorted to by sealing vessels, and spend a suitable time, probably a year or more, in travelling among the tribes of that coast ; that they shall ascertain what can be done for them — where a mission had better be located, what should be the nature of the mission, etc. — and at the same time make arrangements for a mission, and then come home and report to the Coiii- mittee. As this subject comes before you un- awares, and you have but little time to reflect upon it, we do not ask you to decide now whether you will ultimately be a member of the Patagonian mission. THE PREPARA TION. x x " The Committee will cheerfully leave this question to be determined at a future time, in view of Providential indications. The question now before you is, whether you will accompany Mr. Arms to the Patagonian coast and spend a couple of years, if necessary, among the Indian tribes of that coast? Of course you will both have to go unmarried. Mr. Arms leaves an in- tended wife behind him, and we understand that your circumstances are similar to his. The expe- dition now proposed to you is one full of priva- tions; but it opens a prospect of bringing the Gospel to the minds and hearts of the poor de- graded natives of Patagonia. " Should you consent to go, you will come on to Boston by the 15th or 20th of July with all the necessary credentials for ordination, unless the Presbytery with which you are connected prefer to ordain you themselves, and can do it in season for you to be here at the time mentioned? " I beg you to take this important subject into immediate and prayerful consideration. Let me hear from you as soon as possible. I earnestly hope you will go. If you do not, I see not how m the mission can go during the present year. " On your arrival in Boston we will confer with 1 2 AD VENTURES IN PA TA GONIA. you fully on the subject. The Lord be with you, my dear brother. " Most truly yours, " R. Anderson, "Sec.A.B. C.F.Mr In connection with the foregoing earnest letter, Secretary Anderson sent me copies of a correspon- dence with Captain Benjamin Morrell, then in the city of New York. Captain Morrell had recently published a v j attractive narrative of a cruise along the eastern coast of Patagonia, also through the Magellan Strait and up the Pacific coast as far as the island of Chiloe. In this journal he had given a glowing description of the harbors, the forests, the climate, soil, clover-meadows, and the numerous and peaceful inhabitants of the western coast of Patagonia. He had also taken occasion to hint that this coast would be a favorable field for missionary enterprise. On reading this fascinating narrative, the Sec retary opened a correspondence with Captain Morrell in order to elicit more definitely the important facts which would warrant sending an expedition with the view of establishing a mission on that coast. THE PREPARA TION. '3 The following is a copy of two letters of Cap- tain Morrell to Secretary Andersor> in answer to letters of inquiry from the Secretary. " New York, Jan. 24, 1833. " R. Anderson, Esq. "Dear Sir: Your favor of the 17th inst. is now before me, and it is with no ordinary degree of pleasure that I hasten to answer it. " The interest you have taken in the temporal and eternal welfare of the now wretched and de- graded natives of an unexplored region on the western coast of South America, between the Strait of Magellan and the Archipelago of Chiloe, has been highly gratifying to my feelings ; and not the less so, I assure you, from your having derived the idea from the humble narrative I have just laid before the public. The harmless and in- offensive race of beings here alluded to are the migratory inhabitants of a country which is bless- ed with the most temperate climate, the richest soil, and the finest harbors on the face of the globe. It is true that at present these natives are more ignorant and debased than any other I have ever visited ; but it is equally true that they are entire- ly free from many of the sensualities of the more enlightened, and are characterized by a mildness M ADVENTURES IN PATAGONIA. of disposition and a child-like simplicity of man- ners which in my humble opinion renders them fit subjects for missionary labor. They are ignorant of the simplest rudiments of agriculture, never dreaming that the luxuriant soil of their beautiful country would grant new favors to their slightest solicitation. Should heaven so fan sanction the benevolent feelings which originated this corre- spondence as to enable your Society to establish a Christian mission among these children of nature, I have no hesitation in saying that a very few years would change their idle habits and wretched condition to those of comparative usefulness and happiness ; while such a result would richly and amply reward me for all the time, labor, and per- gonal hazards I have encountered in collecting the information I have published respecting them. " In answering the series of questions you have done me the honor to propose, I shall beg leave to take them up in my own homely way and dispatch them in numerical order. " The peninsula of Tr&s Montes, in my opin- ion, is not the most eligible location on this coast for the establishment of a Protestant mission, on account of its proximity to the Catholic missions further north. THE PREPARATION. 15 "For reasons which will presently appear, I would in preference designate the Guanaco Isl- ands, or that section of the continent near which they lie, say lat. 47 south. "The locating a similar establishment in any part of Magellan's Strait ought to depend on the success or failure of the project under considera- tion. " I think that the Spanish States of South America would rather protect than seek to dis- turb a mission at the Guanaco Islands, because neither they nor the, mother-country have ever conquered or asserted any claim to territories south of Chiloe. " The natives I believe would treat the mission- aries with the greatest kindness and respect. " The Guanaco Islands, you are aware, are sit- uated a short distance from the mainland, the northern island being in lat. 47 31' S., Ion. 75 4' W. The most of these islands are of consider- able extent, with spacious harbors between them. Their surface is low and level, partly covered with heavy timber, and on many of them there are beau- tiful plains of sufficient extent to raise produce the first season for several thousand natives ; nothing ipore being required than to run a plough through a l6 ADVENTURES IN PATAGONIA, rich, mellow soil and cover the seed with the fur- rows. These plains are now covered with fine long grass, heavy clover, and extensive patches of celery, surrounded by lofty forests of various kinds of excellent ship timber. " The waters abound with a great variety of the finest scale-fish, which may be taken in any quan- tities either with a seine or hook and line. Nu- merous kinds of shell-fish are found on the shores, as well as sea-otters and seals. " The forests are teeming with a great variety of beautiful birds, and the mainland abounds in lions, guanacos, deer, hare, foxes, otter and many other valuable animals. Minerals, drugs, etc., are doubtless to be found in the interior. " A few black cattle, sheep, goats, hogs, and poultry, turned out on those islands that were not to be immediately devoted to tillage, would in- crease and multiply and soon replenish them. " The natives that inhabit the sea-coast are all travelling tribes, subsisting entirely on fish and such wild animals as they can procure, having no substitute for bread. "Yours truly, "Benj. MORRELL." THE PREPARATION. 17 "New York, Feb. 25, 1833. "R. Anderson, Esq. "Dear Sir: Yours of the 21st inst. came duly to hand and is now before me. " In reply to your first question, I can state from my own personal and frequent experience that the climate south of the equator in any given degree of latitude between 30°and 55 is neither so cold in winter nor so warm in summer as in the same degrees of N. lat. Inlat. 47 there is seldom any snow in the valleys. The storms are not more frequent nor more severe than in New England. " The number of natives between lat. 47 and 50 I take to be about 20,000. They sojourn in one place till they have exhausted the shell-fish, and then remove to another. They have no tame animals except dogs. Interpreters can be ob- tained at Chiloe who understand their language and will translate it into Spanish. " The natives are honest and will respect private property. The coast can be traversed with safety in canoes ; but to penetrate into the interior •horses will be necessary, which must be taken from the United States. " In closing this hasty communication I beg leave to express the satisfaction I feel in yourhav- !8 ADVENTURES IN PATAGONIA. ing taken this interesting subject into considera- tion, and trust that your exertions in behalf of the benighted heathen will meet a due reward. Under such a hope, I subscribe myself, " Yours truly, " Benj. Morrell." It will be seen that these letters of Captain Mor- rell embrace answers to many specific questions addressed to him by the Secretary of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions. In order to increase information on the subject which now engaged the earnest attention of the Prudential Committee of the Board, the Secretary addressed a letter of inquiry to Silas E. Burrows, Esq., of New York City, as Mr. Burrows was the owner of several vessels engaged in sealing along the coasts of Patagonia and among the islands of Tierra del Fuego, and as Captain Morrellhad been engaged in his service. Mr. Burrows had also been on the Pacific coast as far as Chili, and it was hoped that he might know something of the country and tribes described by Captain Morrell. This letter Mr. Burrows answered promptly, and vAtii characteristic enthusiasm ; and although he was unable to add any information to that of his THE PREPARATION. I9 Captain, yet he fully endorsed his high character and assured the Secretary that the Missionary Board might place implicit confidence in his state- ments. Mr. Burrows furthermore stated that he was then fitting out a sealing schooner, the Mary Jane, to sail from New York City in July, and that he would be most happy to give a free passage in said schooner to two young gentlemen who might desire to explore on the western coast of Patagonia. He also stated that he would instruct the master of the Mary Jane, Captain William Clift, to look well to the missionaries, to land them at any points on the coast where they de- sired to explore, and to return them to the United States at the end of the voyage. Up to this point all things looked favorable, and the voice of Providence seemed to say, " Go forward" With these letters and testimonials Mr. Arms was sent by the Committee from Bos- ton to Auburn, to converse with me, and to urge, if necessary, my acceptance of the appointment as an exploring missionary to Patagonia. I had just returned from Rochester, where I had supplied the pulpit of one of the pastors dur- ing vacation. About nine o'clock in the morning 20 ADVENTURES IN PATAGONIA, these communications were put into my hands for consideration. I was then entering on my last term in the Theological Seminary. At its close I was engaged to marry Miss Fidelia Church, and I hoped to go with her as a missionary to some foreign land. We had been betrothed for years, and this call, if accepted, would throw a cloud over the prospects of our union for a long time at least, perhaps forever. But the question must be met, and met imme- diately. It was now late in June, and the vessel bound to Patagonia was to sail before the close of July; and if I failed, the expedition must fail for that year at least, as it was deemed impossi- ble to find another man to take the place in due season. CHAPTER II. THE DECISION. I CALLED on Dr. Richards, President of the Seminary, put the papers into his hands, and requested him to confer with Drs. Perrine and Mills, the other members of the Faculty, and give me advice. The Professors met by call, and soon the ven- erable Dr. Richards, with brimming eyes, reported that, as the voice of God seemed to call me to this service, they could not object to my going ; that, while they did not feel at liberty to give me positive advice, they approved of the proposed Patagonian mission, and that, should I decide to go, their prayers should go with me, and that I should have an honorable release from the further duties of the Seminary. Thus another door was opened and another voice seemed to say, " Go" News of this call spread quickly through the Seminary, and many of the students rushed to 22 ADVENTURES IN PATAGONIA. my room to inquire. Some with tears entreated me not to go, with language like this : " The Patagonians are ferocious cannibals ; they will kill and eat you. You have no right to throw away your life, as you are now just prepared to labor in the vineyard." Others said, "Go, brother; the Lord will go with you, and nothing shall harm you ; for Jesus has said, * Lo, I am with you alway.' " As I was then busy in preparing to leave Auburn, the brethren were requested to come to my room at 5 P.M., when I would be ready and happy to see all who would do me the favor to call. During that hour the room was crowded, con- versation was free, prayer was offered, and tearful farewells and benedictions uttered. At nine o'clock of the evening of the day on which the Boston letters came to hand the stage for Rochester was before the Seminary door, and I took my seat for the night. Early the next morning I was in Rochester, where I had left my espoused but a few days before. She was at breakfast when I entered her house. After salutations I took breakfast with the fam- ily ; then came morning prayers, during all which time nothing had been said as to why I had re- THE DECISION. 23 turned so soon to Rochester. All was mystery to Miss Church and her friends. After prayers we retired to a separate room, and I, without a word of explanation, put Dr. Anderson's letter into her hands. As she read, her emotion deepened, her tears flowed. What a change of situation! What an uprooting of fondly and long cherished hopes! For seven years we had waited, and now only three or four months remained before our nuptials were to be celebrated, and we were to go forth into some foreign field, to toil, to suffer, and to rejoice to- gether in the vineyard of our Master. For a minute she was dumb. The struggle was intense. Soon, however, faith gained the victory. That full consecration which, long before, she had made to her Master and Lord assumed its power ; her soul rose from the stern conflict of emotion — of hope deferred, perhaps slain. She took my hand and said, " My dear, you must go!' This settled the question. There was no look- ing back. Another door was opened, and again the voice seemed to say, " Go forward" Henceforth it was preparation in earnest. I spent a few days in visiting friends in Western New York with Miss Church ; then came a ten- 4 ADVENTURES IN PATAGONIA. der farewell, she returning to Rochester, while I hastened on to Boston. There I met Mr. Arms, my companion in the enterprise ; and on Sunday- evening, July 28th, 1833, we were ordained in Park Street Church. On the 29th we received our instructions for the Patagonian expedition from the Prudential Committee of the A. B. C. F. M., in the house of the venerable chairman, the Hon. S. Hubbard. All things being now ready, we took passage for New York to embark for Patagonia. In order to assist us in any further necessary preparations, Mr. Henry Hill, Treasurer of the Missionary Board, accompanied us to New York. He also furnished us with ample letters of credit on banking houses in Valparaiso and London, and the Secretary of the Board gave us letters of introduction to the commodore commanding the U. S. squadron on the Pacific station. This was precautionary, in case we should find it necessary to reach Valparaiso in order to obtain passage to the United States, and perhaps via England or France. On our arrival in New York we were met by the Rev. David Green, one of the secretaries of the American Board, who had just returned from THE DECISION. 25 a visit to the Cherokee Mission ; also by the Hon. Pelatiah Pent, a corporate member of the Board ; by Mr. Silas E. Burrows, owner of the Mary Jane and patron of the Patagonian mission ; by Captain William Clift, of Mystic, Connecticut, the Master of the Mary Jane ; and by many others of the friends and patrons of Christian missions. And now came a shock of disappointment. Captain Clift assured us that the officers of the Board had been misled by the recently published book of Captain Morrell. He denied the state- ments as to the fine climate, the beautiful lands, the luxuriant meadows of clover, the considerable number of the inhabitants, their quiet habits and their amiable disposition. In confirmation of his denial he stated that he had sailed up and down the whole western coast of Patagonia several times ; had seen the bays, channels, islands, the mainland, and the natives ; that he had sealed from the western entrance of Magellan's Strait to the island of Chiloe, and that the description of that coast by Captain Morrell was far from being correct. Captain Clift de- scribed the coast as broken, mountainous, wild, and the climate as often stormy. The ravines, headlands, cliffs, spurs, and precipitous sea-walls, 2 6 ADVENTURES IN PATAGONIA. he said, rendered travelling by land along the shore impossible, and by sea in a boat very diffi- cult and dangerous. " As for the inhabitants," said Captain Clift, " they amount to only a few scores, and these are the most wretched and squalid creatures I have, ever seen in human form : small in size, nearly naked, having only the protection of a piece of seal-skin hung over the windward shoulder, and turning this from side to side as their canoes tacked or the wind changed. They live most of the time in canoes, paddling from rock to rock, and subsisting on shell-fish, seals, and dead whales which sometimes drift on shore." He added that there were no villages, or settlements of Indian tribes, along that whole coast ; that the natives had no idea of agriculture, and that the land was unfit for tillage ; in short, that it was the most dreary and inhospitable coast imaginable. These statements were corroborated by the tes- timony of a number of masters, officers, and sailors who had been up and down that coast on sealing expeditions ; and the testimony of Captain King, of the British navy, who once surveyed that coast, was substantially the same. Furthermore, Captain Clift said that on the THE DECISION, 27 present voyage he should not visit that coast at all ; that he would enter the Strait of Magellan, and seal among the lagoons, inlets, channels, rocks, and numerous islets of Tierra del Fuego; that to take the missionaries to the west coast of Pat- agonia would change the whole plan of his voy- age, and probably make it an entire failure ; and that to land us where we were instructed to go, to look after us along that coast, and to pledge himself to take us off and return us to the Unit- ed States when our explorations were ended, was out of the question. He also said that to land and leave us there, without care or means of escape, would be but to abandon us to a cruel death. All this put a new and dark aspect on the Pat- agonian mission. What could be done ? Must we go back to Boston ? Must we acknowledge failure, return our instructions, and seek another field of labor? This seemed like "putting the hand to the plough and looking back." We looked at one another, but all was blank. We looked to the Lord for guidance, and in half an hour the prob- lem was solved. Captain Clift said, " Gentlemen, if you wish to 28 ADVENTURES IN PATAGONIA. go to Eastern Patagonia, I will take you into the Strait of Magellan and land you on the north shore, among the Horse Indians, and then pursue my voyage, which may be one or two years. My object is to fill my vessel with seal-skins, whether the time be longer or shorter. Should you be on the shore, where I can reach you, when I return, I will take you home, but more than this I cannot promise.' Our instructions from the Prudential Committee had cautioned us to avoid, if possible, getting among the Eastern Patagonians, as they were re- puted to be fierce savages of gigantic size, and can- nibals withal. Captain Clift said, " They are hard fellows ; but vessels passing through the Strait sometimes trade with them unharmed." The question was now reduced to this : to go among the Eastern Patagonians, under the con- ditions above stated, or to abandon the mission for the present at least, if not altogether. A council of the members and friends of the American Board then present in New York was held. After prayer and due consultation, the fol- lowing question was put to the young mission- aries : " Are you willing, in view of all the cir- THE DECISION. 29 cumstances and conditions of the case, to go to Eastern Patagonia ?" The reply was, promptly, " Yes." The meeting then voted unanimously to ap- prove of our desire to embark on this untried enterprise. After renewed prayers, in which the mission- aries and the cause were tenderly commended to the grace of God, the meeting was dissolved, and the missionaries at once set about finishing their preparations for sailing from New York. CHAPTER III. THE EMBARKATION. Having completed our outfit, written our last letters to distant correspondents, and bidden adieu to many kind and faithful friends in New York, we went on board the little schooner Mary Jane on the 16th of August, 1833, and sailed for one of " the ends of the earth." From my journal of our voyage to Patagonia I make extracts : Schooner Mary Jane y off Sandy Hook, Aug. 16, 1833. — By the good hand of God, our voyage to the far South is now commenced. We have bidden smiling and weeping friends farewell. The city, with its turrets and towers and lofty spires, has faded in the distance. Its busy hum is hushed. With favoring breeze and pilot at the helm, our little bark has sped down the channel, and now the great ocean opens on our sight. The sun is setting behind the western hills of my beloved country. The wind has died away. A placid calmness rests on the deep. THE EMBARKATION. 3» Captain Clift calls all hands, exhorts them to observe the rules of morality, and to obey orders promptly and cheerfully. He then invited one of us to offer up prayer to Almighty God. Aug. 17. We slept — and awaked. But the city, the islands, the Bay, the headlands, the conti- # nent with all its distant hills, have disappeared like a " vision of the night" All is ocean around and under us, and our little cockle-shell is ploughing a white foaming furrow along the bosom of the deep.
143923_1	Wikipedia	CC-By-SA	Čang (tibetsky: ཆང་། též Chhaang, Chang) (Nektar bohů) je populární, sladkokyselý alkoholický nápoj ve východním Himálaji. Konzumuje se v Sikkimu, Tibetu, Nepálu, Bhútánu, severní Indii a Dárdžilingu v západním Bengálsku. Výroba Čang je blízký příbuzný mnohem rozšířenějšího piva. Nápoj se vyrábí z ječmene, prosa nebo rýže. Polofermentovaná semena jsou plněná do bambusového džbánku zvaného domru. Poté se úzkou bambusovou trubičkou zvanou pipsing přidá vařící voda. Obsah alkoholu je nízký, chuť je podobná pivu typu ale, ruskému kvasu, vzdáleně připomíná burčák. Čang je nezbytnou součástí mnoha náboženských a kulturních událostí. Zajímavosti Říká se, že čang je nejlepším lékem na běžné nachlazení, alergickou rýmu, horečku a další onemocnění. Nápoj zahřeje a navodí dobré pocity, je ideální pro překonání teplot, které jdou v zimním období hodně hluboko pod bod mrazu. Externí odkazy Recept angl. Tibetská kuchyně Nepálská kuchyně Bhútánská kuchyně Alkoholické nápoje Fermentované nápoje.
github_open_source_100_8_20221	Github OpenSource	Various open source	<?php /** * Created by PhpStorm. * User: nimesh * Date: 4/16/17 * Time: 11:57 AM / namespace App\Http\Requests; use Illuminate\Foundation\Http\FormRequest; class AreaRequest extends FormRequest { /* * @return bool / public function authorize() { return true; } /* * @return array */ public function rules() { switch ($this->method()) { case 'POST': { return [ 'district' => 'required\|max:255', 'area_name' => 'required\|max:255', 'places' => 'required\|max:255', ]; } case 'PUT': case 'PATCH': { return [ 'district' => 'required\|max:255', 'area_name' => 'required\|max:255', 'places' => 'required\|max:255', ]; } default:break; } } }
sn84026749_1933-06-07_1_3_1	US-PD-Newspapers	Public Domain	CURTIS, NOTED PUBLISHER, DEAD, STARTED AS A NEWSBOY HEART DISEASE KILLS FAMOUS MILLIONAIRE Funeral Services to Be Held Friday at Philanthropist’s Home in Philadelphia PHILADELPHIA, June 7 (L.N.S.) Cyrus H. K. Curtis, publisher and philanthropist, died early today at his home “Lyndon” In Wyncote. He was 82. He had been ill more than a year with heart disease and suffered a relapse on Friday. Starting life as a poor boy in Portland, Maine, Curtis rose to a place among the world’s foremost publishers. He was head of the Curtis Publishing Company, which publishes the Saturday Evening Post, the Ladies Home Journal, and the Country Gentleman. Also Owned Papers He also was head of the Curtis- Martin Newspapers, Inc., publishers of the Morning and Evening Ledger and the Inquirer, in this city, and the Evening Post, New York. At his bedside when the end came were Mrs. Mary Louise Curtis Bok, his only child; Mrs. John C. Martin, of this city, and Mrs. Pearson Wells, of Detroit, step-daughters; John C. Martin, and Curtis’ personal physicians, Dr. Martin E. Rehfuss, of this city, and Dr. Freeman Brown, of Rockland, Maine. Funeral services will be held Friday afternoon at the home. Wife Died Last Year The men’s singing club of Portland, Me., will attend in a body. Curtis was stricken in May of last year as he was cruising near New York on his palatial yacht Lyndonia. He was brought aboard the ship to this city and transferred to Jefferson Hospital. Five days later his wife, who had taken an adjoining room to be near him, died in her sleep of a heart ailment with which she had been addicted for years. She was his second wife and a second cousin. Curtis’ first business venture was typical of his career. He had asked his mother for money to buy fireworks and she suggested he earned it. His capital was three cents. The boy purchased six newspapers, doubled his capital, and bought 12 papers the following day, pyramiding his returns until he had built up a profitable route. When older boys drove him away, Curtis took his papers to Port Preble, an Army post near Portland, where other newsboys said there was no sale of papers. The soldiers proved good customers and the boy built up a route which netted him $2 a week. Wiped Out By Fire Curtis wanted to own a newspaper of his own, so he and another boy started publication of “Young America,” a weekly. His partner withdrew after the first issue, but Curtis published the paper alone, and it prospered. In 1865 a fire destroyed the plant, and Curtis saw his entire fortune vanish. He moved to Boston and obtained a job as an errand boy for $3 a week. During his lunch hour he sold advertising space for a newspaper. Saving a few dollars from his wages, Curtis amassed enough to publish the People’s Ledger, a magazine. The Boston fire of 1872 wrecked his venture, but Curtis continued publication until 1876. Then, a man of 26, he was attracted to Philadelphia by the Centennial Exposition. While in Philadelphia Curtis continued to hold an interest in the People's Ledger. He directed its activities and solicited advertising for the weekly here, finally accumulating sufficient money to pay for the paper. Purchase, with Hamilton Mayo as a partner, the Tribune and Farmer, a weekly magazine in Philadelphia. Helped By His Wife A year earlier he had married Miss Louise Knapp, of Boston, and she helped him publish the magazine, editing a department for women. So successful was this department that Curtis used it as the foundation for the Ladies Home Journal, which he established with his wife as editor. The Ladies Home Journal grew so rapidly that Mrs. Curtis relinquished the editorship. The success of the Ladies Home Journal impelled Curtis to publish a similar magazine for men. In 1897 he purchased the Saturday Evening Post, which had been founded by Benjamin Franklin. Curtis acquired the Country Gentleman, then published in Albany, in 1911, and moved it to Philadelphia. He purchased the Public Ledger on January 1, 1913, with John Gribble as a partner. An evening edition was added in September, 1914. In June, 1918, he bought the Evening Telegraph, scrapped it, and transferred the Associated Press franchise to the Evening Ledger. The Philadelphia Press was acquired in October, 1920, and the North American in 1925. They were merged with the Curtis newspapers. MISSING NURSEMAID Mammoth V >: v' IMHII ' JLjM Kb JmA $ ■hl. w mm jßn& - K Jb r \ mgr m, ' ; B mm mmmmmmmammmmmmm MARY DOLORES ROBERTS NURSEMAID in the home of Mr. and Mrs. Allene Thorpe Lamson. Mrs. Lamson was found dead in the bathtub of her home on the Stanford University campus, and Mrs. Lamson's husband is being charged with murder. The nursemaid is said to have mysteriously disappeared after the tragedy. Photo by International News Photographic Service. GRANDPAP SEES KIN IN ACTION Pride sparkled in the eyes of 92-year-old W. W. Maloney yesterday as he sat in the grandstand at Griffith Stadium. Mr. Maloney, who lives in Hyattsville, Md., visited the ball park today to witness the annual company competitive drill of the Washington High School Cadet Corps. But throughout the drill, his eyes were fastened on his great grandson, Gordon Leech, jr., who is a the sale of beer cannot be changed for several months, and that Alexandria merchants are losing a great deal of business through the sale of beer in Washington. ITS JUBILANT, INDIANA 2 TO 1 FOR REPEAL Stronghold of Anti-Saloon League Tenth State to Join Procession INDIANAPOLIS, Ind., June 7 (AP).—Indiana, formerly one of the most arid States, definitely turned its back on national prohibition today with a two-to-one vote for repeal of the Eighteenth Amendment. Once a stronghold of the Anti- Saloon League, Indiana becomes the tenth State to join the repeal procession. On the basis of incomplete returns, the vote showed that at least 248 out of a possible 329 will go to the convention here June 26 pledged to vote for ratification of the Twenty-first amendment abolishing the Eighteenth. Cannon Led Dry Fight The popular vote, assuming landslide proportions for repeal in the industrial centers, stood at 515,023 for repeal and 295,512 against ratification in 3,456 of the entire 3,691 precincts. Bishop James Canon, jr., of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, led the dry forces in the pre-election campaign and regarded Indiana as a pivotal State in stemming the repeal march. Anti-Saloon League strongholds in the rural areas joined in the repeal march and ran up large majorities for the wet delegates. Counties that heretofore had been politically dry and considered safe for the anti-repeal forces likewise swelled the anti-prohibition tide. In the populous industrial centers the anti-prohibition vote ranged as high as 14 to 1. Wets Win in Illinois, 133,643 to 305,901 CHICAGO, June 7 a.N.S.). Extent of the wet landslide by which Illinois voted for repeal of the Eighteenth Amendment was shown today in virtually complete figures. Only 19 of the State’s 102 counties cast a dry vote. Chicago going 11 to 1 against prohibition. CONGRESS SUPPLY Senate conferees on the 1934 District supply bill will meet at 2 p. m. today in an attempt to reach an agreement as to whether they should accept or reject House demands. ‘Served with an ultimatum by the adamant House group that insists upon its own terms, the Senate members are faced with the necessity of accepting one of two alternatives. An agreement might be reached if the Senate group would concede defeat in its attempt to raise the $5,700,000 Federal lump sum contribution figure to $6,250,000 and agree to pay back $1,000,000 to the Federal Government under the terms of the Cap per-Cramton act. If these concessions were made the House group is believed willing to allow some of the Senate school-construction items although it would not permit all of them to remain in the bill. The only other alternative is for the Senate to refuse to yield which would prevent passage of the bill by adjournment of Congress and necessitate enactment of a resolution continuing the present appropriation for another year, but limiting expenditure to actual costs of administration. FINITWRITTEN ON ASSAULT The Government today dismissed assault charges against Representative Francis A. Shoemaker of Minnesota, following receipt of a letter from Theodore H. Cohen, the complainant, of the Chastleton Hotel, which said: “I do not wish to prosecute- Mr. F. A. Shoemaker in the case in which I am complainant.” Several weeks ago Cohen preferred charges against the Congressman alleging the latter assaulted him In his apartment, Shoemaker said he went to Cohen’s apartment to remonstrate after he had been disturbed by loud noises. “ Slim ” Jones Breaks Buried Alive Record “Slim” Jones, who apparently believes that eternity is too short and consequently has buried him self alive, said last night that he has broken the world's record for that accomplishment. _ _ The National Daily SECRETARY PERKINS GETS GOUCHER DEGREE j 4 j ‘ J I PHI I WL ’~ y m -sir- I §llll -i - IBiin p, jf 1 -■ - ■ .. I m M ¥ J U y; ■ r; ; ■ Ml •.M ' e ‘o \| 1 p\|l\| /■- ■ Wk ; e \ "w I’:%-' ■■■.■■: j'-Y ■ ’ _; n' -••- : -'T'.. t -'•* i j ’■ 'Y4<Y £ , 4 111 \| m \ M ‘W % jj£m ““ r s> ^yk„" n. mmmmmmmmmmm^mmmmmmmmmm -5 ROBERTSON MISS PERKINS AN HONORARY DEGREE was awarded to Miss Frances Perkins, Secretary of Labor, by Goucher College. The Cabinet member is shown with David A. Robert > son, president of the college. Photo by International News Photographic Service. BRITAIN AIDS i U. SON ARMS GENEVA, June 7 (1.N.5.). Great Britain lined up squarely beside the United States today in support of supervision of private manufacturing of arms. In a speech before the general committee of the Disarmament Conference, Capt. Anthony Eden, of Great Britain, approved the , United States view on this prob lem as expressed yesterday by Norman H. Davis, American am bassador at large. Although stating he was more -■ interested in actual disarmament > than in control of private manu . facture, Davis assured American . support of a plan to license all “ arms manufacture and export. PARISIANS' FAVORITE This 18-YEAR-OLD stenographer was selected as the "most beautiful plande in Paris," She is shown arriving at Hollywood where she will be the guest of Jean Harlow, film star. Photo by International News Photo Service. WEDNESDAY—JUNE 7—1933 Dream Plane Pilot Sought By Widow RICHMOND, Va., June 7. Larry Jamieson's "Winged Spike," the plane in which he invested more than $10,000, saved bit by bit from his mail pilot's pay check, may still be entered in the transcontinental air races next month despite its designer's death in a crash near here. Negotiations have been begun with several famous speed "aces" in the hope that one of them will take the "Spike" into the air on the run. Larry had built it for. His widow, Mrs. Caroline Jamieson, herself a transport pilot, has a license, but she prefers to have some well-known "ace" pilot Larry's life. Work on a 50-50 basis. AUSTRIAN DOOR SRUTBT REICH VIENNA, June 7 a.N.S.).—The frontier between Bavaria and Austria at Salzburg has been closed by German border guards, the Austrian government was officially informed today. No one was allowed to cross the border except accredited Nazis, according to information reaching here. Similar measures were taken at the frontier between Bavaria and the Austrian Tyrol. German troops guarding the border were augmented by a large number of auxiliary police. The Austrian government council immediately took counter measures under consideration. Germany recently imposed a prohibitive visa fee on tourists planning to visit Austria. This step was believed to be in retaliation for Chancellor Dollfuss’ energetic suppression of the Nazi party in his country. VENIZELOS ATHENS. June 7 (I.N.S.).—Police launched a nation-wide hunt today for assailants who failed in an attempt to assassinate former Premier Eleutherios Venizelos, of Greece, but seriously wounded his wife. While hundreds of messages reached the former premier, congratulating him on his escape, surgeons performed a successful operation on Mme. Venizelos, removing a bullet from her body. Venizelos, eight times premier, was slightly injured by splintered glass when the unknown assailant fired a number of shots at the automobile in which he and his wife were riding from Marrosi to Athens. A bodyguard accompanying them was killed. Their chauffeur, who sped up the car the moment the fusillade began, succeeding in driving to a hospital. The assassins escaped. Pirates of Penzance To Be Sung Tonight The “Pirates of Penzance” will steal into the limelight at the Sylvan Theater on the Monument Grounds tonight at 8:30 o’clock to inaugurate the 1933 Summer Festival Season. The Estelle Wentworth Opera group will present the opera as the first in series of entertainments sponsored by the Community Center Department and the Office of Public Buildings and Parks. Explosion Causes Death of Car Owner Burns received May 15, when gasoline With which he was cleaning his automobile, he was cleaning his automobile, caused the death of Milton Smallwood, colored, 26, the 1000 block Irving St. N.W., in Freedman's Hospital last night. COMIC ROGERS, ROLPH GREET FIRST LADY Mrs. Roosevelt Rests on Coast After Air Visit to Son; Guest of Mrs. Lane LOS ANGELES, June 7 (AP).—Shutting out for a brief time an admiring world that sought to pay her homage, Mrs. Roosevelt asked today in the companionship of her son, Elliott, and a few intimate friends, at the end of the first transcontinental air trip ever taken by a First Lady of the Land. Mrs. Roosevelt arrived here last night in a tri-motored American Airways plane and went at once to a downtown hotel. Later she will be a guest at the home of Mrs. Franklin K. Lane, and her son and daughter-in-law, Mr. and Mrs. Franklin K. Lane. The elder Mrs. Lane is the widow of the Secretary of the Interior in the Cabinet of President Wilson. “Your trip sure has been a big boost for aviation.” This was the greeting of Will Rogers, screen comedian, who met the First Lady along with a host of California dignitaries, including the Republican Governor, James R. Rolph, Jr., and the defeated mayor of Los Angeles, John C. Porter, who once was too busy to greet her husband when he was a Presidential candidate. CLOTHING CLUE IN 2 DEATHS MIAMI, Fla., June 7. — Authorities here today are awaiting chemists’ report on an analysis of stains found on two shirts and two pairs of trousers picked up on a highway near Dumfling Bay in which were found the Nude and mutilated bodies of Miss Lillian Howard and her sister, Mrs. Myer Shapiro, wealthy and socially prominent residents of Woodstock, Va. While the chemists are working on the analysis, police are concentrating on tracing down the laundry marks found on the clothing. The clothing was seen to fall from an automobile by D. M. McPherson, of Fulford, Fla., who picked it up and turned it over to authorities. No trace of the sisters' automobile has been found and dragging of Dumfounding Bay for it has been abandoned. The bodies now are en route to Baltimore for burial. They are accompanied by Simon Wonder, of Woodstock, a nephew. LICENSED TO WED Marriage licenses were issued at Rockville to Nelson Caughy, Elgin, 29, and Alice Wayne Wirgman, 19, both of Washington, and Nathaniel Charles Barker, 30, of Memphis, Tenn., and Alice Snowden Cooke, 25, of Chevy Chase, Md. EISEMAN'S SEVENTH AND F SUMMER SUITS $13.50 NOTHING DOWN Just Pay $4.50 IN JULY $4.50 IN AUG. $4.50 IN SEPT. Cool, comfortable summer suits that are stylishly cut and skillfully tailored so that they fit and always hold their shape. Plenty of light and dark shades in all sizes. Charge it. Nothing down—only $4.50 monthly. LINEN SUITS, $10.50 Pay $3.50 monthly.
github_open_source_100_8_20222	Github OpenSource	Various open source	/** * Copyright (c) 2014, Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted (subject to the limitations in the * disclaimer below) provided that the following conditions are met: * * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the * documentation and/or other materials provided with the * distribution. * * - Neither the name of Analog Devices, Inc. nor the names of its * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived * from this software without specific prior written permission. * * NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED LICENSES TO ANY PARTY'S PATENT RIGHTS ARE * GRANTED BY THIS LICENSE. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT * HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR * BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE * OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN * IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. / /* * \author Jim Paris <jim.paris@rigado.com> / #include <string.h> #include <stdint.h> #include <aducrf101-contiki.h> #include "contiki.h" #include "contiki-net.h" #include "net/netstack.h" #include "radio.h" #define MAX_PACKET_LEN 240 static uint8_t tx_buf[MAX_PACKET_LEN]; #ifndef ADUCRF101_RADIO_BASE_CONFIG #define ADUCRF101_RADIO_BASE_CONFIG DR_38_4kbps_Dev20kHz #endif static RIE_BaseConfigs base_config = ADUCRF101_RADIO_BASE_CONFIG; static int current_channel = 915000000; static int current_power = 31; static int radio_is_on = 0; /---------------------------------------------------------------------------/ / Sniffer configuration. We can re-use the CC2538 sniffer application if we also accept CC2538_RF_CONF_SNIFFER. / #ifndef ADUCRF101_RF_CONF_SNIFFER #if CC2538_RF_CONF_SNIFFER #define ADUCRF101_RF_CONF_SNIFFER 1 #endif #endif #if ADUCRF101_RF_CONF_SNIFFER #include "dev/uart.h" static const uint8_t magic[] = { 0x53, 0x6E, 0x69, 0x66 }; / Snif / #endif /---------------------------------------------------------------------------/ / "Channel" is really frequency, and can be within the bands: 431000000 Hz to 464000000 Hz 862000000 Hz to 928000000 Hz / #define MIN_CHANNEL 431000000 #define MAX_CHANNEL 928000000 static int _set_channel(int freq) { if(freq < 431000000) { freq = 431000000; } else if(freq > 464000000 && freq < 663000000) { freq = 464000000; } else if(freq >= 663000000 && freq < 862000000) { freq = 862000000; } else if(freq > 928000000) { freq = 928000000; } current_channel = freq; if(RadioSetFrequency(freq) != RIE_Success) { return RADIO_RESULT_ERROR; } return RADIO_RESULT_OK; } /---------------------------------------------------------------------------/ / "Power" covers both PA type and power level: 0 through 15 means single-ended, power level 0 through 15 16 through 31 means differential, power level 0 through 15 / #define MIN_POWER 0 #define MAX_POWER 31 static int _set_power(int power) { RIE_Responses ret; if(power < 0) { power = 0; } if(power > 31) { power = 31; } if(power <= 15) { ret = RadioTxSetPA(SingleEndedPA, power); } else { ret = RadioTxSetPA(DifferentialPA, power - 16); } current_power = power; if(ret != RIE_Success) { return RADIO_RESULT_ERROR; } return RADIO_RESULT_OK; } /---------------------------------------------------------------------------/ PROCESS(aducrf101_rf_process, "ADuCRF101 RF driver"); /---------------------------------------------------------------------------/ /* Turn the radio on. / static int on(void) { if(radio_is_on) { return 1; } / Power radio on / if(RadioInit(base_config) != RIE_Success) { return 0; } / Ensure channel and power are set / if(_set_channel(current_channel) != RADIO_RESULT_OK) { return 0; } if(_set_power(current_power) != RADIO_RESULT_OK) { return 0; } / Enter receive mode / RadioRxPacketVariableLen(); radio_is_on = 1; return 1; } /---------------------------------------------------------------------------/ /* Turn the radio off. / static int off(void) { if(!radio_is_on) { return 1; } if(RadioPowerOff() != RIE_Success) { return 0; } radio_is_on = 0; return 1; } /---------------------------------------------------------------------------/ static int init(void) { off(); on(); process_start(&aducrf101_rf_process, NULL); return 1; } /---------------------------------------------------------------------------/ /* Prepare the radio with a packet to be sent. / static int prepare(const void payload, unsigned short payload_len) { /* Truncate long packets / if(payload_len > MAX_PACKET_LEN) { payload_len = MAX_PACKET_LEN; } memcpy(tx_buf, payload, payload_len); return 0; } /---------------------------------------------------------------------------/ /* Send the packet that has previously been prepared. / static int transmit(unsigned short transmit_len) { if(!radio_is_on) return RADIO_TX_ERR; / Transmit the packet / if(transmit_len > MAX_PACKET_LEN) { transmit_len = MAX_PACKET_LEN; } if(RadioTxPacketVariableLen(transmit_len, tx_buf) != RIE_Success) { return RADIO_TX_ERR; } while(!RadioTxPacketComplete()) continue; / Enter receive mode immediately after transmitting a packet / RadioRxPacketVariableLen(); return RADIO_TX_OK; } /---------------------------------------------------------------------------/ /* Prepare & transmit a packet. / static int send(const void payload, unsigned short payload_len) { prepare(payload, payload_len); return transmit(payload_len); } /---------------------------------------------------------------------------/ /** Read a received packet into a buffer. / static int read(void buf, unsigned short buf_len) { uint8_t packet_len; int8_t rssi; if(!radio_is_on) return 0; if(buf_len > MAX_PACKET_LEN) { buf_len = MAX_PACKET_LEN; } /* Read already-received packet / if(RadioRxPacketRead(buf_len, &packet_len, buf, &rssi) != RIE_Success) { return 0; } if(packet_len > buf_len) { packet_len = buf_len; } / Re-enter receive mode immediately after receiving a packet / RadioRxPacketVariableLen(); #if ADUCRF101_RF_CONF_SNIFFER uart_put(magic[0]); uart_put(magic[1]); uart_put(magic[2]); uart_put(magic[3]); uart_put(packet_len + 2); for(int i = 0; i < packet_len; i++) { uart_put(((uint8_t )buf)[i]); } /* FCS value is Wireshark's "TI CC24xx format" option: / uart_put(rssi); / RSSI / uart_put(0x80); / CRC is OK, LQI correlation is 0 / #endif return packet_len; } /---------------------------------------------------------------------------/ /* Perform a Clear-Channel Assessment (CCA) to find out if there is a packet in the air or not. / static int channel_clear(void) { / Not implemented; assume clear / return 1; } /---------------------------------------------------------------------------/ /* Check if the radio driver is currently receiving a packet / static int receiving_packet(void) { / Not implemented; assume no. / return 0; } /---------------------------------------------------------------------------/ /* Check if the radio driver has just received a packet / static int pending_packet(void) { if(RadioRxPacketAvailable()) { return 1; } return 0; } /---------------------------------------------------------------------------/ /* Get a radio parameter value. / static radio_result_t get_value(radio_param_t param, radio_value_t value) { if(!value) { return RADIO_RESULT_INVALID_VALUE; } switch(param) { case RADIO_PARAM_RSSI: { int8_t dbm; if(!radio_is_on \|\| RadioRadioGetRSSI(&dbm) != RIE_Success) { return RADIO_RESULT_ERROR; } value = dbm; return RADIO_RESULT_OK; } case RADIO_PARAM_CHANNEL: value = current_channel; return RADIO_RESULT_OK; case RADIO_CONST_CHANNEL_MIN: value = MIN_CHANNEL; return RADIO_RESULT_OK; case RADIO_CONST_CHANNEL_MAX: value = MAX_CHANNEL; return RADIO_RESULT_OK; case RADIO_PARAM_TXPOWER: value = current_power; return RADIO_RESULT_OK; case RADIO_CONST_TXPOWER_MIN: value = MIN_POWER; return RADIO_RESULT_OK; case RADIO_CONST_TXPOWER_MAX: value = MAX_POWER; return RADIO_RESULT_OK; default: return RADIO_RESULT_NOT_SUPPORTED; } } /---------------------------------------------------------------------------/ /* Set a radio parameter value. / static radio_result_t set_value(radio_param_t param, radio_value_t value) { switch(param) { case RADIO_PARAM_CHANNEL: return _set_channel(value); case RADIO_PARAM_TXPOWER: return _set_power(value); default: return RADIO_RESULT_NOT_SUPPORTED; } } /---------------------------------------------------------------------------/ /* * Get a radio parameter object. The argument 'dest' must point to a * memory area of at least 'size' bytes, and this memory area will * contain the parameter object if the function succeeds. / static radio_result_t get_object(radio_param_t param, void dest, size_t size) { return RADIO_RESULT_NOT_SUPPORTED; } /---------------------------------------------------------------------------/ /** * Set a radio parameter object. The memory area referred to by the * argument 'src' will not be accessed after the function returns. / static radio_result_t set_object(radio_param_t param, const void src, size_t size) { return RADIO_RESULT_NOT_SUPPORTED; } /---------------------------------------------------------------------------/ /** * \brief Implementation of the ADuCRF101 RF driver process * * This process is started by init(). It waits for events triggered * by packet reception. / PROCESS_THREAD(aducrf101_rf_process, ev, data) { int len; PROCESS_BEGIN(); while(1) { PROCESS_YIELD_UNTIL(ev == PROCESS_EVENT_POLL); packetbuf_clear(); len = read(packetbuf_dataptr(), PACKETBUF_SIZE); if(len > 0) { packetbuf_set_datalen(len); NETSTACK_RDC.input(); } } PROCESS_END(); } /---------------------------------------------------------------------------/ /* * \brief Trigger function called by ADI radio engine upon packet RX. / void aducrf101_rx_packet_hook(void) { process_poll(&aducrf101_rf_process); } /---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ const struct radio_driver aducrf101_radio_driver = { .init = init, .prepare = prepare, .transmit = transmit, .send = send, .read = read, .channel_clear = channel_clear, .receiving_packet = receiving_packet, .pending_packet = pending_packet, .on = on, .off = off, .get_value = get_value, .set_value = set_value, .get_object = get_object, .set_object = set_object, };
bpt6k4635611g_3	French-PD-Newspapers	Public Domain	La ville où se trouve tel régiment, la 'localité qui correspond à tel secteur postal, le point où est tombé un obus sur une ville bombardée sont autant de repères dont nos adversaires ont besoin. Et en bavardant innocemment dans le métro, dans l'autobus, à la poste, au restaurant ou même à leur bureau, Mme Durand ou Mme Duval peuvent, sans s'en douter, faire œuvre néfaste. x Bien entendu, il ne faudrait pas quand même tomber dans l'excès contraire et voir partout et en tout le monde des espions. Car « l'espion-nite » est une très dangereuse maladie. croyez-le bien ! Mais souvenons nous pourtant. nous, « ceux de l'arrière », qu'en ces temps troublés le silence est pour nous la première de toutes les vertus. « 1'1 sera tenu compte des paroles Inutiles », dit l'Evangile. N'en ln8-c,rivons pas à notre débit. Jacques PARY. Le monde sur le pied de guerre LES BELLIGÉRANTS POLOGNE En Pologne centrale et en Galicie les Allemands cèdent la place aux Russes zurich, 23 septembre. — La Nouvelle r„?eiîe de Zurich donne les prêchons ffntU sur le partage de la Pologne : * Aarès a.yoir vu les troupes aUeman-s'avancer jusqu'à Bialy.s.t-ok. B>rest-Tttowsk et Lemberg. personne ne s at-La.u i les voir reculer de 120 km.. en certaine endroits mêmes de 150 km. et plus, afin de faire place à l'avance rouge vers î 0U€St. « La remise de la Pologne centrale et de grandes parties de 'la Galicie à i 'armée rouce s'opère, ainsi que le haut commandement de l'armée allemande s'e-n vante. dans son communiqué : « En plein aceoi-d '. « TerrHorialement, la part russe représente plus de la moitié de la république de la Vistule,. « La ligne de démarcation laisse même aux Russes une partie de Varsovie, située à l'est de la Vistule, et qui est habitée en majeure par des juifs. « Des seizes voïvodies polonaises, sept sont complètement occupées par les Russes et trois partiellement. Ces dernières sont celle de Varsovie, de Lemberg et de Bialystok, Dans le voïvodie de Bialystok. seule la pointe que s'avance à gauche de la Pisia échappe à l'occupation. Dans la riche voïvodie agricole de Lemberg, qui possède des sources de pétrole et une industrie développée, les Russes se sont taillé la part du lion. Il va sans dire que Staline envisage une annexion définitive. Les Polonais résistent toujours à Varsovie Varsovie, 23 septembre. — Un tableau de la situation militaire en Pologne a été présenté aujourd'hui par le colonel lipinski : « A l'heure actuelle, Varsovie et Modlin constituent le centre le plus important de la défense polonaise. Les troupes polonaises luttent contre des forces prépondérantes, aussi bien en nombre qU'en aviation et en unités blindées. « Les informations allemandes suivant lesquelles les troupes polonaises ont été complètement1 dispersées et la plus grande partie des soldats polonais en captivité, eont entièrement fausses. « Il est vrai, par contre, que dans la région de Modlin-Varsovie, s'est déroulée la plus grande bataille de cette guerre. Les troupes polonaises, commandées par Je général Bôrtnowski, continuent à résister dans ce secteur. « Un autre secteur de résistance reprétente l'armée du général Dab-Biern ack"l, dane la région de Rawa-Ruska. ! « Varsovie conserve la, liaison avec ces «eux armées. » Les Russes déclarent avoir fait 120.000 prisonniers Moscou, 23 septembre. — L'état-major général de l'armée rouge publie, aujourd'hui, le communiqué suivant ; « Des détachements de l'armée rouge •ont continué leur avance à l'ouest. Les viJ]« de Bialystock et Brzesc ont été occupées. « Les troupes russes ont procédé à des opérations de nettoyage dans la forêt d'Augustowo. j « En Ukraine occidentale, les détacheI ments de l'armée rouge ont éliminé les ! derniers restes de J'armée polonaise, °t notamment nettoyé la région de Sarny, d'unités composées d'officiers. En liquidant la résistance dans la région de I Lwow, six divisions polonaises et deux 1 régiments de chasseurs, avec le général I Latsper, ont capitulé, j « D'après dés chiffres encore incom-1 plets, nous avons fait. entre le 17 et le i ÏL septembre,, 120.000 prisonniers, pris j 380 canons et 1.400 mitrailleuses. » La « soviétisation » de la Pologne militaire.'; 23 septembre. — Lee autorités ®'!„alr„ sovietiques ont procédé à la biens 1 i"1Se sous surveillance des tren?i«« „gralKi6 Propriétaires et des entreprises commerciales. déj,à.Un journal i Polono-eoviétique paraît . x 10.000 Polonais réfugiés en Hongrie des Zurich, 23 septembre. Le nombre d'apièl gÙn polonais cOmmuniqué arrivés en Hongrie, de Plus de 10 0«r officiel, serait front/ère* est des toujours civils franchie' diminué la formations militaires qu^du ® roté par hdes fcrois, sont désarmée* ^ hon-des camps de 6 concentration.internéer, daIU; M. Noël rentre en France >, corps 8.mbassadeur du nOlllbre. 23 septembre Pologne, pour FRANCE Les réceptions de M. Edouard Daladier conseil, Ea°Ureçu M. D'Iladier, président du la délégation nP™' Baréty, Président de ^ ChambraM. Sé™? de'sgroupes de ^missioni • Sérol, Président de la Chambre, et de m î? on clvile de la Commerce. MGentin, ministre du Les audiences de M. Champetier de Ribes =. v/iiajupetier do >;>. taire d'Etat aux Affaire!) Ribes. sOUs-secré-b ' ^en audience, m t étrangères, a assa-deur d'Espagne à' Lequerica, am-Boneour, ancien président à Paris; M. Paui-M. Plaisant, vice-présid™ TU conseil, et »« A<.lr«,çrSSïïèrt la"lu Sénat.et M. Guariglia, ambassadeur d'Italie, et M. Pol Le Tellier, ambassadeur de Belgique. Les audiences de M. Coulondre De son côté, M. Coulondre, ambassadeur de France, directeur du cabinet diplomatique du président Daladier, a : reçu M. Walter Stucki, ministre de Suisse à Paris. : 25.000 fr. pour la Défense Nationale Perpignan, 23 septembre. — Un commerçant espagnol, habitant Perpignan, et qui désire garder l'anonymat, a versé entre les mains du préfet df-s Pyrénées-Orientales une 6omme de 25.000 francs pour les besoins de la Défense nationale. Un cargo de mazout heurte des rochers Rochefort-sur-Mer, 23 septembre. — Un cargo, dont on igrrore le nom et la nationalité. jaugeant environ 12.000 tonneaux et transportant du mazout, heurta le plateau rocheux de la Lambarde, au large de Noirmoutier. Par suite de la violence du choc, l'un des réservoirs, dans lequel se, trouvaient plusieurs milliers de litres de mazout, fut crevé et le liquide se répandit sur les flots. Il envahit bientôt toute la baie de Bourgneuf, ainsi que le6 abords de l'île de Noirmoutier, occasionnant ain6i de sérieux dégâts aux coquillages et crustacés. Le cargo a toutefois pu repartir par ses propres moyens et gagner Saint-Nazaire. Une alerte dans la région de Lille Lille, 23 septembre. — Une alerte a été donnée dans la région de Lille, vendredi, à 16 h. 45. Elle a pris fin -i 17 h. 15. 1 50.000 fr. offerts par M. Patenôtre pour les familles des mobilisés Rambouillet, 23 septembre. — Dans le but de venir en aide aux familles nécesj siteuses de mobilisés de l'arrondissement de Rambouillet, dont il est député, , M. Raymond Patenôtre, ancien ministre de l'Economie Nationale, vient de mettre à la disposition des conseillers généraux de cet arrondissement une somme de 150.000 ftancs, pour être répartie fiOUl; forme de bons à convertir en marchandises et denrées chez les commerça.nts. des localités. Ces secours seront donc délivrés par les maires. De son côté, Mme Raymond Patenôtre poursuit inlassablement son aide aux enfants évacués. Le comte Szembek est arrivé à Paris Le comte Szembek, sous secrétaire d'Etat aux Affaires étrangères de Po]Dgne, est arrivé à Paris hier, à 13 heures, par le Simplon-Express. GRANDE-BRETAGNE On s'artache le « Livre bleu » anglais Londres, 22 septembre. — Le « Livre Bleu » anglais, paru hier, a attiré l'attention du monde entier. On déclare of-I ficiellement que chez l'imprimeur de Sa I Majesté plus de mille exemplaires sont vendus par heure et que les acheteurs font la queue. Un contre-torpilleur heurte une mine \| Londres, 23 septembre. — Le 20 septembre. un contre-torpilleur britannique a heurté une mine dans la Manche. Cinq membres de l'équipage sont portés manquants. Il y a lieu de craindre qu'ils n'aient été tués. Deux autres matelote sont blessés. Le contre-torpilleur est rentré à son port d'attache pour y être réparé. L'« Akenside » aurait été coulé Oslo, 23 septembre. —On apprend de j Bergen qu'un navire britannique a été 1 arrêté par un sous-marin allemand près i de l'ile Nisoay. L'équipage de vingt-six j hommes, v compris le capitaine, con-! ! traint d'abandonner le navire, a été re-; cueilli par un torpilleur, qui l'a débarqué à Bergen. Il s'agit du vapeur Aken-sule, qui transportait > 4.000 tonnes de coke à destination de Bergen. Les habitants de l'ile Nisoay disent avoir vu l'Akenside disparaitre dans les floUs aprè6 une explosion. D'après eux, il y aurait eu deux sous-marins allemands dans ces parages. ALLEMAGNE Le général von Fritsch tué devant Varsovie Londres, 23 septembre. — Un communiqué allemand annonce officiellement que le général von Fritsch a été tué dans les combats devant Varsovie. Il était âgé de 59 ans. Commandant en chef de l'armée en 1937, le général von Fritsch ! avait été destitué de son poste et était tombé en disgrâce au début de 1938. Il avait été réintégré dans l'armée en juin 1939. Le général von FRITSCH L'ex-commandant en chef des armées allemandes vient d'être tué sur le front polonais. (Visé par la cenure, N° 4.237.) Les révélations d'un poste de T.S.F. allem3nd clandestin Amsterdam, 22 septembre. — Un poste de T.S.F. émetteur clandestin allemand vient de donner quelques détails significatifs sur le moral extrêmement déprimé des soldats qui opèrent 6ur le front occidental, ainsi que sur le soulèvement en Tchécoslovaquie, qui a commencr le 17 septembre, à Prague et qui s'étendit, le 19. à d'autres villes, notamment à Pardubice, Brno, Pilzen. Le nombre des personnes arrêtées. en Bohême-Moravie serait, déclare ce poste, exactement de 71.961. L'explication officielle de l'accord germano-russe Bruxelles, 23 septembre. — La preese allemande s'e-fforce de convaincre ses lecteurs que l'entente entre l'Allemagne et la Russie est parfaite. Elle essaie I d'expliquer pourquoi les troupee allemandes ont dû se retirer en-deçà de la [ ligne qu'elles avaient occupée. Le Westdeutscher Beobachter écrit notamment : « 11 est évident que le théâtre sur lequel l'armée allemande devait battre les Po:onais n'avait rien à voir avec le territoire d'influence politique prévu. » Mai.s ce journal cache Cependant mai sa déception de voir les troupes allemandes dans l'obligation de se retirer pour céder la place aux Rueses. Les cartes d'alimentation font leur apparition en Bohême Prague, 23 septembre. — Un décret a été publié par le ministère du Commerce de Prague, dressant la liste des denrées alimentaires qui ne peuvent être vendues librement. Cett-e liste contient notamment la viande de bœuf, de veau, de porc et tous les produits confectionnés avec ces viandes, y compris les conserves. Je lait, la crème. le beurre, les huiles, les grai&ses. les œufs.. le café, les « ersatz » de cafe, le thé, etc. Des cartes d^alimentation pour les familles sont mises en circulation, indiquant le nombre de personnes nourrie,,, le nom des fournisseurs que chaque famille a le droit de choisir, mais qu'elle ne pourra plus changer. LES NEUTRES ITALIE « Il n'y a aucune raison de changer notre politique » dit M. Mussolini I Rome, 23 septembre. — Recevant aujourd'hui, au Palais de Venise, les chefs fascistes de la province de Bologne, I M. Mussolini a prononcé un discours i dans lequel il a affirmé qu'il est néces-j saire de faire place nette « de tous les i résidus de francf,-maçon6, de juifs et i d'amis de l'étranger JI. : « Notre politique, a-t-il dit, a été fixée I dans la déclaration du 1" septembre et I il n'y a aucune raison de la changer. \| « Cette politique répond à nos intérêts nationaux, à nos accords et à nos pactes politique.>, ainsi qu'au désir de tous les peuples, y compris le peuple allemand, de localiser au moins le conflit. « Du reste, la Pologne ayant été liquidée, l'Europe n'est pas encore effectivement en guerre. H n'y a pas eu encore de choc entre les masses des armée.s et l'on peut éviter ce choc. » Cependant, il conclut que l'Italie doit se préparer militairement pour faire face à toute éventualité, « tout en appuyant 1 toute tentative de paix pOE.SibJe JI, I Les Italiens rappellent des troupes du Dodécanèse Londres, 25 septembre. — Le correspondant du Daily Express à Istanbul apprend que les Italiens ramènent à des ! effectifs du temps de paix ies garnisons j .des villes du Dodécanèse. Le Daily Express ajoute que, venant immédiatement après l'accord gréco-italien sur le retrait des troupes à la frontière albanaise, cela indique la détermination de l'Italie de faire disparaître la nervosité qui régnait dans le Proche-Orient. « Ce geste, qui tend à prouver à Ankara les intentions pacifiques de l'Italie, est interprété comme le signe que l'Italie projette la cre-a'tion d'un bloc neutre balkanique et que. pour ce faire, elle s'efforce d'abord de calmer les suspicions de la Turquie à son égard. » ETATS-UNIS Deux sous-marins « inconnus » dans les eaux américaines Washington. 22 septeiiibre. — A la Conférence de presse, le président Roo-sevelt a déclaré que deux sous-marins de nationalité inconnue avaient été aperçus dans les eaux territoriales des Etats-Unis, l'un dans le Pacifique, prés d'Alaska, l'autre dans l'Atlantique, près de Boston A une question posée per un journaliste. demandant si vraiment la nationalité de ces sous-marins était inconnue, le président a répondu en souriant que c'étaient peut-être . des seus-marins... sui,sses. Une enquête sur les journaux communistes New-York, 23 septembre. — Le bureau fédéral d'ïnvefitigrtions rechercfiie, actuellement, la source des fonds qui sub-1 ventionnent les journaux et périodiques j de tendance communistE ou nazie en i Amérique. SUEDE Un avion allemand tombe en Suède Stockholm, 23 septembre. — Un avion ! militaire allemand est tombé par Imite d'une panne de moteur dans les eaux territoriales suédoi-ses. Il a été remorqué par un destroyer suédois jusqu'à lstad, où il sera gardé et son équipage interné jusqu'à la fin de la guerre. BULGARIE Deux avions polonais atterrissent en Bulgarie Sofia, 23 septembre. — Deux avions polonais ont passé la frontière de Bulgarie. Les appareils ont été saisis par les autorités et les équipages internés. ROUMANIE M. Calinesco avait reçu vingt-trois projectiles Bucarest, 23 septembre. — L'autopsie du ccrps de C. Caline.sco a révélé que le premier ministre roumain a été atteint par 23 projectiles. Le corps du défunt repose dans une chapelle ardente. Les obsèques nationales auront lieu demain dimanche. TURQUIE 217 morts dans le tremblement de terre de Smyrne Londres, 23 septembre. — Une dépêche d'Istanbul annonce que le nombre des victimes de la secousse de tremblement de terre ressentie hier dans la région de Smyrne est beaucoup plus important qu'on ne l'avait cru tout d'abor(l. En effet, on déplore la mort de 217 personnes; les blessés se comptent par centaines. SUISSE Une assemblée de la S.D.N. en novembre ? Genève, 22 septembre. — D'après certains bruits circulant en Suisse, l'assemblée de la S.D.N., qui ne s'est pas tenue au mois de septembre, pourrait être convoquée en novembre prochain. Cette se,,sion. de très courte durée, (serait piobablement consacrée à. l'adoption ' * 1 du budget. Le haut commissaire de la S.D.N. à Dantzig est rentré à Genève Genève, 23 septembre. — Le haut-commissaire de la Société des Nations à Dantzig, M. Charles Burckhardt, est revenu à Genève. Deux avions allemands auraient survolé la Suisse Bâle, 23 septembre. — Des avions aHe-mands, deux au moins, ont de nouveau survolé la Suisse, allant de SchleitheÍm à Buttenhart. dans la région de Shaî-' ' fouse. Les canons de la défense aérienne , . suisse font entrés immédiatement en action. SLOVAQUIE L'élection du Président de la République Slovaque Amsterdam. 23 septembre. — La T.SF. allemande annonce que l'élection p«ut la présidence de i'Etat slovaque aura lieu :e 6 octobre. PANAMA La conférence de Panama s'ouvre demain matin [ Panama. 23 septembre. — La presse i ; américaine signale l'affluence suspecte de % j nazis à la Conférence de Panama. Les Américains voient là « une tentative d"'-' trvsion dans une réunion de fa' '' mille ». I La Conférence sera inaugurée demain \| matin par le président de la République. ESTONIE Un traité de commerce soviéto-estonien 1 Moscou, 23 septembre. — M. Selter, j ministre des Affaires étrangères d'Estonie. est parti pour Moscou, afin de né.i gocier un nouveau traité de commerce ; j entre l'Estonie et l'U.R.S.S. JAPON M. Ranzo Sawoda est nommé ambassadeur à Paris Tokio, 23 septembre. — M. Ranzo Ba,.woda, vice-ministre des Affaires étr-an, 'gèreél. a été nommé ambassadeur du Japon à Paris. On annonce, d'autre part, que l'aaii-ral Nomura aurait accepté le porol.e.feuille des Affaires étrangères. HONGRIE Les relations hungaro-russes Budapest, 23 septembre. — Les relations diplomatiques entre l'U.R.S.S. et la Hongrie viennent d'être reprises. M. Kris,toffy a été nommé ministre de Hongrie à Moscou. FINLANDE Un cargo finlandais coulé Londres, 23 septembre. — Près deo côtes de Norvège, le cargo finlandais Martti Ragnar, transportant de la pulpe de bois destinée à la Grande-Bretagne, a été arrêté par un sous-marin allemand au large d'Arendal, qui coula le cargo au moyen de plusieurs charges de dynamite. Les 24 membres de l'équipage ost été sauvés. Le gouvernement finlandais a protesté auprès du gouvernement allemand. lluk-1 -IL, a" LAuto, 10, vg Muutlluw'¡,re Le titrant 1 Kotiert UlMMlOBN'i' i ' ~~ " ; EN BREF... TRIBUNAUX VERSAILLES. — Communistes condamj ■ Deux communistes, les nommés l Rouse, 34 ans, plombier, et Pougin. maj çon. habitant Le Chesnuy, avaient été arrêtés, au moment où ils distribuaient et affichaient, dans les rues de la commune, des tracts d'origine étrangère. Une perquisition, opérée à leur domicile, a amené la découverte d'un nombre considérable de journaux, brochures et tracts. Ils ont été condamnés, par le tribunal, chacun à six mois de prison et milbe francs d'amende. A la même audience, le nommé Guilly, 3D ans, qui, dans un £a ï i, ^ePoissy, faisait de la propagande bolcheviste, a été condamné ' à cinq mois I de prison..j PARIS. — Ce couple avait volé dans 52 villes. — Jules Shergues, originaire de Lille, 40 ans, et sa femme, Simonne Co;> /tM, originaire de Saint-Quenlin, voleurs professionnels de bijoux. avaient opéré dans 54 villes de France. Leur procédé était invariable. Ils se faisaient montrer un choix de bagues et ils escamotaient une pièce sur un plateau qu'ils rempla.çaie?zt par un bijou sans valeur. La i Chambre correctionnelle les a condamnés chacun à trois ans d'emprisonnement et dix ans d'interdiction de séjour. PARIS. — Manœuvres criminelles : r^rlL?-nS ?, prison. — La 4' Chambre correctionnelle a condamné, pour manœuvres criminelles, Antoinette Romagnotti, ans de Pris°net 500 francs ■ q'amende et sa cliente. Mélanie Marion, a un an de prison et 100 francs d'amende. ALËS. — Propos défaitistes, 1 an de i prison. — Le tribunal a condamné trois défaitistes de nationalité étrangère : Jean Grieff, 41 ans, mineur tchèque, qui avait provoqué un rassemblement dans la rue et célébrait les louanges d'Hitler, a été j [ condamné à 6 mois de prison sans sursis; Pavanti Tino, 36 ans, mineur à Laval, et Pagni Giliano. 38 ans, coupeur d'habits à Alès, qui, dans un café, avaient tenu des propos défaitistes. ont été condamnés chacun à un an de prison sans sursis et 1;000 francs d'amende. PARIS. — Propos antltrançais. — Le 2: septembre, à Aubervilliers, Stéphane Borowiez, ouvrier décapeur, disait que \| la Russie avait eu raison d'entrer en Pologne et que, au surplus, le régime capitaliste serait détruit en France ». Circonstance aggravante : Borowiez est Polonais. Quinze mois de prison et 500 fr. d'amende. Le même jour. à Asnières, l'Algérien MOlw1I1ed Flilouche, 36 ans, criait: « Vive ,Hitler ! » Eu égard à son état d'ivresse, le tribunal s'est montré indulgent : trois mois de prison et 100 francs d'amende. FAITS DIVERS \| LILLE. — M Charles Valentin, dé-ipute, est décédé. — M. Chartes Valen-\| tin. député, maire de Dunkerque, qui \| avait été victime, mercredi matin, d'un j accident d'automobile, à Lomme, près de Lille, et qui avait été transporté à l'hô-j pital Calmette, à Lille, a succombé à ses blessures. VERSAILLES. — Intoxiqué par des j gaz. — Un ouvrier polonais, Jean Sver lik, 30 ans, demeurant à Argenteuil, 65, rue Drannot, au service d'une fon~ derie, était occupé à réparer une fosse alimentant des fours à réduire, lorsqu'une fuite de gaz se produisit. Gravement intoxiqué, le malheureux ouvrier ne tarda pas à succomber. Il laisse une veuve et trois enfants. NIMES. — Menées antifrançaises. — Les gendarmes ont arrêté, à Tamaris, le sujet tchèque Nurhi Miriam, qui prolérait des injures envers l'armée française. VERSAILLES. — Le.s chiens errants de Seine-et-Oise seront abattue. — Par crainte d'une recrudescence de la rage, par suite de la divagation de nombreux chiens abandgnités, le préfet de Seine-et-Oise a donné comme instruction de supprimer sans exception les chiens errants : même ceux munis d'un collier portant le nom de leur maître devront être considérés comme errants, dès lors qu'ils sont soustraits à toute surveillance. Ils devront être capturês au même titre que »es chiens sans collier. Cependant, le délai d'abattage prescrit par le Code sera observé et les chiens rendus à leurs propriétaires s'ils sont réclamés dans les délais légaux. SIMLA. — Deux, guides blessés par une avalanche. — Deux guides suisses. David Zogg et Fritz Steuri, membres de l'expédition de l'Himalaya, ont été blessés par une avalanche pendant qu'ils tentaient l'escalade du pic de Badrinath, à plus de sept mille mètres d'altitude. Deux porteurs hindous qui les accompagnaient ont trouvé la mort dans l'acci-dent. VOLONTAIRE DE LA TRANSFUSION Le service de santé et la Croix-Rouge belges sont à même de fournir, d'ores et déjà, 1.200 litres de sang à l'armée. Notre cliché représente une prise de sang effectuée sur un volontaire. . i : (Visé par la censure n" 3ffl) ON EVACUE LES ENFANTS DE jlOHDRËS Par suite de l'éloignernent des en fants de Londres, des contâmes de voitures d'enfants ont été expédiées sur les lieux d'hébergement. ' ' v (Visé par la censure NI 3.399.) LE MASQUE POUR TOUS ! Et voici le e:MC de Windsor sortant du ministère de la Guerre, à Whttefulll,.. avec son masque !. NOS ARTILLEURS 'EN ACTION 3-™" ..: -. I jki, quelque part sur le front français, des, artilleurs chargeant , une pièce sur . une plate-iorme. Petites Annonces Téléphone TAITBOUT 73-40 (Ligne réservée) Avis à la clientèle Les Petites Annonces de vente et achat de voitures automobiles sont acceptées sous réserve d'un contrôle extrêmement sérieux ne . noua permettant éventuellement leur insertion que 48 heures après réception. Lesdites Petites Annonces ne devant comporter aucune abréviation. Suivant les nouvelles instructions de i la censure, toutes les Petites Annonces j devront comporter nom et adresse. Le journal sé réserve, par ailleurs, le droit de 'supprimer toutes les Peti-I tes Annonces qui lui paraîtraient dou-\| teuses, AUTOMOBILES 13 fr. i 11 légère neuve, métallis. disponible, 6 m. garantie usine 23.000 Tract, av. 7 CV, 11 norm. malle ouvrante, depuis 11.500 l'amil. C-4 F 31, première main 7.500 Ca.br. 7 et 10 UV, depuis 10.500, 15 lég. et C-6 G MFP, berl. gd lxe 4-.500. Mon a-4 YN-4 19,35, prix marchand 8.500 Peugeot 301 D,. berline députa 3.500 302 Peugeot 1937 14.000 VB48Ford amér.gd lxe coach 5 pl. 14.0000 7 OV Fiat et Mathis depuis 1.800 DElLAFOiSSrE (Métro République) 102, rue Fol îe-Méricourf. ! PEUGEOT I 402 Légère. roues Pilote. \| 401 DL, taxi toit ouvrarit. i FORD AN 19 ev, coach bleu. V8-76, berline noire. RENAULT KZ-5, berline, grande caisse. KZ-8, Primaquatre. berline. N.N. 6 ev, cabriolet 2-4 places. HOTCHKISS AM-80, très beau faux cabriolet 4 pl. Etablissements LAHAIVILLE 8, rue Frémieourt, Paris 15. Ség. 11-35. Tr'gaactr'aorit A V Rosengart luxe. type 505 garantie revisée. Essais long par-j cours. A vendre 15.000 fr. Vanhecke, ! 201, _Hlte de Chàtillon, MONTRODOE. CITROiFIN 10 OV Légère, moteur garanti, 8.800 fr. — ROSSO. 8. place \| du Danube. — Ouvert dimanche. Berline découvr. 1939, 12.000 km.. îi2 très rapide. Paulin, 105. avenue Poincaré. Klé. 32-23 (même dimanche)' VEHICULES INDUSTRIELS 13 fr. B&NDAGES OCCÂS. TTES DIM.I COUSSY. 11. rue du Chemin-Vert. , à Courbevoie. Tél. : Déf. 05-50 et 07-72. type 45. 5 tonnes, état, n f, I'-HvIjI » gazogène et essence. , IlriV41 HT 6 et 8 t.. cabine avancée HF"NÂUL 1 benne bascul. et châssis. BERCER, 40, boulevard de l'Ys-er (17'). Fourgon Ford 1.500 kg., 12.000 francs. Semirot, 22, r. Etugène-Jurain. Paris. OFFRES D'EMPLOI 8 fr. Ak dcma.pda ,1 ' mécanicien,' bieh';:£.u 11 .... cçmrça/ptn répàritionë 'autOs;,-: Garàige, 6i. rue ds i'aOroix-Nivert, 67. LKïS USINES i: KN A U 1:1', àL [HLLANCOU R L' (Seuie) engagent actuellemen t pour des travaux de DEFENSE NATION A LE, très tjtotta compagnons appartenant aux catégories professionnelles suivantes : AJUSi'KUK» AJUSTEU lis OU 1 1 LEU H,I) F U A 1 -S 1 'U U r, KAHOH..UH& RKCT1F1 li'URS SOU DEU liS à t'A.HC et à ¡'AUl'(Hl!<:NE TOLIERS et CHAUDRONNIERS 1'0 U l' :-.; ¡.: U H S TOU RN EU RS-OUTII.LIiU R8 TRACEURS ~ • MOULEUKS A LA MAIN Se présenter munis de références et de toutes pièces'd'identité : 57. nuai de Billancourt. à Billancourt. k S PErEJD, 4, rue . C'harles-Renouvier, PARtS (20'). Tél. Roquette 0747 et 92-48, se charge de toute mise au point. réparation, révision, pose d'accessoires, débosselage, peinture. On demande bons mécaniciens spécra^ listes Matford. Ecrire avec référen-. j ces : DEC'R<:)'S et MIOEON, 239. honlevard Attato!e-France. SA,[NT-OtEoNIS. CINEMA Les programmes Etant nonne les clrconslanëes. cerlaines salles de cinéma sont dans l'obllgation de fermer leurs portés. Nous taisons donc toute reserve sur les programmes Que nous donnons. x Alhambra Le Grand Ziegfield; perm. Avenue. — Le parfum de la femme traquée. Salzac.Les 3 Valses. Barbâs-Palace. — La grande mèinuue; Ma tante dictateur. Biarritz. — Vedettes du Pavé. Boul'Mich'. — Légions d'honneur. Capitole. — Château des quatre obèses; (,'ratici-père. Ch.-Elysées. L'Irrésistible M. Bob. Cinéac (bd Italiens). — Les Indiens sorciers; Actualités. Cinéac (gare St-Lazare). — Rois de la -lessive: Actualités. Cinéac (Montparn.). — Et que ça saute; . Actualités. Cinéac (fg Saint-Honoré). ' — Le Porte'Ve'ine: Actualités. ,. Cinéac (bd Madeleine). — Dâvid Golder; -Actualités. ' Cinéac (Rivoli). — 52' Rue; Actualités. ; Ciné L'Auto. Les Amants ^terribles ;. Actualités. Ciné Paris-soir (Ch.-Elys.). — Miss Man-ton est folle. Ciné Paris-soir (Ternes). — M". Bégonia. Ciné Paris-soir (bd Clichy). — Rendez. vous Champs-Elysées. Ciné P. Parisien (bd Mont.). — L'Insaisissable. Ciné P. Parisien (Italiens). 4Lit n° 5. Ciné P. Parisien (bd RochV). — La, Vipère jatitie. • Ciné r. Parisien (fg St-AnÈ.V — Tempête sur les Andes. Cinévox-Pigalle.— Le Quai des Bru~mes.... Ciné Radio-Cité ICapué.¡; — L'Extravagant M. Deeds. Ciné Radio-Cité (Ch.-Elysées). — Fifi, peau de pêche. ,. j Ciné Radio-Cité (Gaîté). — Les Nouveaux Riches. : Clichy-Palace. — La Bête Humaine; » : Un soir d'escale. Colisée. — Trois de St-Cyr; Actualités. Convention. — Le Père Lampion; Act. ' Ermitage. — Trafic d'hommes. Excelsior. — La Grande Iheonnue; Une , fine mouche... , Féerique. — Le BonheuY( 'Là Merveilleuse Journée. Gambetta. — Bout de Chou.. Gauimont-Théâtre. — Bout 'de Chou. Grenelle. — Gueule en Or. "Impérial...:— .Friç-Fraç. Impérator. — La Grande Inconnue; Une fine moue.he. ••. " Le César — Les aveux1 &'un espion nazi. ',Le Ney. — Conflit. Louxor. — Le Bonheur. '''-' Lutetia. — Les Amants (terribles; Atout ■coeur.. t ; Lyon. — Les Amants téiribles, La Fleur d'oranger. " Mad'eléine:' Actualités; ■ , ■ ' Magique. — Son Oncle de Normandie; ; Derrière les grands murs. Marivaux. — Circonstance's 'àtténua.ntes. Max-Linder. — Les veux d'un espion nazi Marignan. — L'Habit Vert. Montparnasse. — Une femme chipéé; Paris-Méditerranée. Normandie. — Taverne de la Jamaïque. Palais Rochecohaurt. — Chevauchée fantastique; Actualités. Panthéon. — Son Honneur; La, Cita-delle. , Paramount. — Louise (G'rstce Moore). Régina. — Belle Etoile;; Actufttités. • Roxy. — Ces Dames a.dx chapeaux. verts: Actualités. Saint-Marcel. — Cette vieille Canaille; L'Ane de Buridan. , ., t Sélect Pathé. — Les Amants terribles; Fleur d'oranger. Voltaire. — François I'< ^ Studio Universel. — La . Chevauchee^ fantastique Abonnements spéciaux de ft 1.t. réservés aux seuls mobilisés Afin de permettre à tous nos. amis mobilises de oootlnuer à lire leur fidèle AU10, journal complet d'informations à La fois mondiale» et sportives, et qui sera désormais leur orga.ne de ralliement, oons oréonE dès aajoard'hui ra.honne-ment militaire. au tarif suiva.nt : Un mott. Il tra.noa Trois wols — Six mots 45 — j Un an — 60 — 1 > * XLAPHO PHOTOGRAVURE :MDE CONTINUE Les ateliers restent ouverts '( s. -, —.
github_open_source_100_8_20223	Github OpenSource	Various open source	import { Token } from './parse' const EMPTY_TOKEN: Token = { value: '', offset: 0, lineBreaks: false, line: 1, col: 1, text: '' } export function getBoundaries (token: Token = EMPTY_TOKEN): TextSpan { const tokenLines = token.value.split('\n') return { start: { line: token.line, col: token.col - 1 }, end: { line: token.line + tokenLines.length - 1, col: token.col - 1 + tokenLines[tokenLines.length - 1].length } } } export interface TextSpan { start: { line: number, col: number }, end: { line: number, col: number } } export interface TextSpanError extends Error { name: string, message: string, boundaries: TextSpan }
github_open_source_100_8_20224	Github OpenSource	Various open source	import { $TSContext } from '@aws-amplify/amplify-cli-core'; import * as enable from './enable'; export const name = 'add'; export const run = async (context: $TSContext) => { return enable.run(context); };
http://publications.europa.eu/resource/cellar/65406730-da39-11e7-a506-01aa75ed71a1_2	Eurovoc	CC-By	8 7 –1. 9 3. 6 1. 7 2. 7 –1. 5 2. 9 3. 9 5 –2. 7 –5. 3 1. 4 3. 8 0. 4 6. 1 0. 1 –6. 8 0. 9 5. 2 –0. 2 4 2. 9 3. 1 1. 4 7. 8 1 6. 7 1. 6 9. 7 –0. 6 5. 3 2. 9 10. 9 –0. 2 5. 4 1. 2 7. 4 –3. 2 3 0. 2 8. 1 0. 7 6. 9 –9. 9 3. 3 –2. 5 1. 7 –1 4. 7 14. 2 5. 9 0. 6 1. 8 0. 4 4. 8 –0. 3 6. 9 –1. 3 0. 3 1. 9 7. 3 : : : : : : General government deficit (-) /surplus (+) General government gross debt % % 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2. 2 –1. 2 0. 2 3. 4 38. 2 36. 8 39. 9 39. 4 : : Economic sentiment indicator (²) index 109. 4 108. 9 108. 4 107. 8 106. 5 107. 4 106. 9 106. 9 106. 6 107. 9 108. 4 108. 7 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 3-month interest rate Long term government bond yields Czech Koruna exchange rates against the euro 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 % % 0. 29 0. 29 0. 28 0. 28 0. 28 0. 29 0. 3 0. 3 0. 55 0. 53 0. 47 0. 63 0. 87 0. 96 0. 74 0. 77 0. 3 0. 9 0. 43 0. 46 0. 83 0. 97 : : Average 27. 03 27. 03 27. 02 27. 02 27. 02 26. 82 26. 57 26. 26 26. 08 26. 10 26. 08 25. 77 The set of indicators is selected from the PEEIs list (COM/2002/661) and complemented by certain Monetary and Financial Indicators as well as the Economic Sentiment Indicator. (1) sca: Seasonally and calendar adjusted data (2) sa: Seasonally adjusted data (3) ca: Calendar adjusted data, not seasonally adjusted data « : » not available data; « – » not existing data Indicator Current account 3 months Interest rate Long term government bond yields Euro–dollar exchange rate Economic Sentiment Indicator Source: European Central Bank (ECB) for euro area only ECB ECB ECB Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (DG ECFIN) 26 Eurostatistics — 11/2017 edition Czech Republic Figure 1: Output Growth rate 15 10 5 0 – 5 –10 – 15 Principal European Economic Indicators (PEEIs) 2 Figure 2: Demand Growth rate (PFC,I) 10 5 0 – 5 – 10 – 15 Index 115 110 105 100 95 90 85 Growth rate (RT) 3 2 1 0 – 1 – 2 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 Figure 3: Labour % 4. 1 3. 8 3. 5 3. 2 2. 9 2. 6 Figure 4: Prices Growth rate Growth rate 6 4 2 0 –2 –4 3 2 1 0 –1 –2 –3 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 Industrial producer prices (m/m-1) HICP (m/m-1) Figure 5: External transactions Figure 6: Financial Mio EUR 4 000 3 000 2 000 1 000 0 –1 000 % 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Czech Koruna/€ 28 27 26 25 24 23 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 BOP current account (2) External trade balance (1) 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 3-month interest rates Long-term government bond yields Czech Koruna Euro exchange rates Eurostatistics — 11/2017 edition 27 2 Principal European Economic Indicators (PEEIs) Detailed PEEIs analysis for Denmark Indicators Unit Reference Period 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 GDP (volume) Q/Q-1 % (¹) 0. 8 Private final consumption (volume) Q/Q-1 % (¹) –0. 3 Investment (GFCF) (volume) Q/Q-1 % (¹) 1. 9 0. 6 1. 6 1. 4 0. 5 0. 7 –2. 1 0. 7 0 2. 9 : : : Q/Q-4 % Q/Q-4 % Q/Q-4 % 1. 9 1. 1 6. 5 2. 9 2. 4 6. 4 3. 3 2. 6 2. 5 1. 9 1. 8 3. 1 : : : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 External trade balance (extra EU28) (²) BOP Current account (all countries of the world) mn euro 1097. 9 793. 9 984. 6 1077. 6 1086 645. 5 934. 8 774 613. 3 691. 6 : : 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 mn euro 4733. 8 6626. 7 4463. 2 6926. 5 : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 Inflation (Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices - All items) Industrial producer prices M/M-1 % –0. 2 M/M-12 % M/M-1 % M/M-12 % 0. 1 1 2. 4 0. 1 0. 3 –0. 2 4. 6 –0. 1 0. 7 1. 2 4. 1 0. 7 0. 9 0. 7 7. 6 0. 1 0. 9 –1. 3 5. 3 0. 3 1 –0. 2 4. 6 –0. 1 0. 7 –0. 1 4. 2 –0. 2 0. 4 –1. 1 0. 6 1 1. 5 0. 9 2. 8 –0. 4 1. 5 0. 1 3 0. 1 1. 6 1. 4 4. 1 : : : : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 Unemployment rate total (²) age <25year (²) age >25 year (²) % % % 6. 3 13 5. 1 6. 1 12. 6 4. 9 6. 1 12. 1 5 6. 1 12. 1 5 5. 9 11. 6 4. 8 5. 7 11 4. 7 5. 7 11. 2 4. 7 5. 7 11. 2 4. 7 5. 8 12 4. 6 5. 7 11. 7 4. 6 5. 7 11. 7 4. 7 : : : Labour Cost Index Q/Q-1 % (¹) 0. 7 0. 5 0. 4 0. 3 : Q/Q-4 % (³) 2 2. 2 2 1. 8 : 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 Employment Q/Q-1 % (¹) 0. 4 0. 5 0. 3 0. 4 : Q/Q-4 % 1. 7 1. 7 1. 6 1. 6 : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 Industrial production Production in construction Retail trade deflated turnover M/M-1 % (¹) M/M-12 % (³) M/M-1 % (¹) M/M-12 % 1. 3 11. 3 –0. 2 2. 4 M/M-1 % (¹) –0. 2 M/M-12 % 1. 5 0. 8 9. 7 5. 2 13. 1 –1. 1 –0. 7 –4. 4 0. 7 –2. 4 6 0. 8 0. 9 1. 6 3. 2 –0. 9 3. 1 –0. 4 0. 1 2. 2 6. 2 –0. 7 –0. 6 0. 2 1. 5 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 –2. 5 1. 5 4. 5 14. 5 0. 9 1. 4 General government deficit (-) /surplus (+) General government gross debt % % –1. 5 0. 8 –1. 6 –0. 1 38. 8 37. 7 36. 7 36. 8 : : 1. 9 4. 8 –2. 7 3. 3 –0. 8 0. 6 –3 1. 2 –1. 4 –1. 4 0. 6 1 –2 –4. 6 2. 2 4. 4 0. 5 1. 8 3. 1 0. 9 0. 2 6. 1 –0. 8 0. 3 : : : : 1. 3 2. 7 : : : : : : Economic sentiment indicator (²) index 96. 3 102. 4 104. 3 103. 1 102. 5 104 101. 7 107. 4 110. 3 104. 3 105. 3 108 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 3-month interest rate Long term government bond yields Danish Krone exchange rates against the euro 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 –0. 18 –0. 2 –0. 23 –0. 23 –0. 25 –0. 26 –0. 23 –0. 23 –0. 24 –0. 27 –0. 31 –0. 31 0. 32 0. 39 0. 37 0. 33 0. 19 0. 55 0. 64 0. 53 0. 67 0. 55 0. 51 : % % Average 7. 44 7. 44 7. 44 7. 43 7. 44 7. 44 7. 44 7. 44 7. 44 7. 44 7. 44 7. 44 The set of indicators is selected from the PEEIs list (COM/2002/661) and complemented by certain Monetary and Financial Indicators as well as the Economic Sentiment Indicator. (1) sca: Seasonally and calendar adjusted data (2) sa: Seasonally adjusted data (3) ca: Calendar adjusted data, not seasonally adjusted data « : » not available data; « – » not existing data Indicator Current account 3 months Interest rate Long term government bond yields Euro–dollar exchange rate Economic Sentiment Indicator Source: European Central Bank (ECB) for euro area only ECB ECB ECB Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (DG ECFIN) 28 Eurostatistics — 11/2017 edition Denmark Figure 1: Output Growth rate 12 8 4 0 – 4 – 8 Principal European Economic Indicators (PEEIs) 2 Figure 2: Demand Growth rate (PFC,I) 5 3 1 – 1 – 3 – 5 Index 115 110 105 100 95 90 Growth rate (RT) 3 2 1 0 – 1 – 2 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 Figure 3: Labour % 8. 0 7. 5 7. 0 6. 5 6. 0 5. 5 Figure 4: Prices Growth rate Growth rate 1. 5 1. 0 0. 5 0. 0 –0. 5 –1. 0 3 2 1 0 –1 –2 –3 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 Industrial producer prices (m/m-1) HICP (m/m-1) Figure 5: External transactions Figure 6: Financial Mio EUR 7 000 6 000 5 000 4 000 3000 2 000 1 000 0 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 BOP current account (2) External trade balance (1) % 5 4 3 2 1 0 –1 Danish Krone/€ 7. 47 7. 46 7. 45 7. 44 7. 43 7. 42 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 3-month interest rates Long-term government bond yields Danish Krone Euro exchange rates Eurostatistics — 11/2017 edition 29 2 Principal European Economic Indicators (PEEIs) Detailed PEEIs analysis for Germany Indicators Unit Reference Period 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 GDP (volume) Private final consumption (volume) Q/Q-1 % (¹) Q/Q-1 % (¹) Investment (GFCF) (volume) Q/Q-1 % (¹) 0. 3 0. 4 0. 5 0. 4 0. 6 0 0. 7 0. 4 2. 7 0. 6 0. 8 1 : : : Q/Q-4 % Q/Q-4 % Q/Q-4 % 1. 7 1. 7 2. 7 1. 3 1. 7 –0. 4 3. 2 1. 8 4. 8 0. 8 1. 6 1. 5 : : : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 External trade balance (extra euro area) (²) External trade balance (extra EU28) (²) BOP Current account (all countries of the world) mn euro 20129. 2 19227. 7 19163. 4 20040. 2 19685. 5 18729. 4 19411. 8 19597. 1 19509. 2 20490. 4 mn euro 15154. 8 14755. 3 14926. 8 14770. 1 14910. 2 13653. 2 14784. 1 14533. 4 15019. 2 15905. 6 : : : : 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 mn euro 59069 68955 65814 55738 : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 Inflation (Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices - All items) Industrial producer prices M/M-1 % M/M-12 % M/M-1 % M/M-12 % 0 0. 7 0. 3 0. 1 1 1. 7 0. 3 0. 8 –0. 8 1. 9 0. 7 2. 3 0. 7 2. 2 0. 2 3 0. 1 1. 5 0 2. 9 0 2 0. 3 3. 2 –0. 2 1. 4 –0. 1 2. 8 0. 2 1. 5 0 2. 2 0. 4 1. 5 0. 1 2. 1 0. 2 1. 8 0. 2 2. 4 0 1. 8 0. 4 3 : 1. 5 : : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 Unemployment rate total (²) age <25year (²) age >25 year (²) % % % 3. 9 6. 8 3. 6 3. 9 6. 8 3. 6 3. 9 6. 8 3. 6 3. 9 6. 7 3. 6 3. 9 6. 7 3. 6 3. 8 6. 7 3. 5 3. 8 6. 6 3. 5 3. 7 6. 6 3. 4 3. 7 6. 5 3. 4 3. 6 6. 5 3. 3 3. 6 6. 4 3. 3 : : : Labour Cost Index Q/Q-1 % (¹) 0. 8 1. 1 0. 1 0. 3 : Q/Q-4 % (³) 2. 5 3. 1 2. 2 2. 3 : 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 Employment Q/Q-1 % (¹) 0. 3 0. 4 0. 5 0. 3 : Q/Q-4 % 1. 3 1. 4 1. 5 1. 5 : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 Industrial production Production in construction Retail trade deflated turnover M/M-1 % (¹) M/M-12 % (³) M/M-1 % (¹) M/M-12 % 0. 6 2. 6 0. 2 1. 6 M/M-1 % (¹) –0. 4 M/M-12 % 1. 9 –2 0 –0. 7 0. 1 0. 9 2. 3 1. 7 0 –1. 9 –5. 1 –1. 1 1 0. 5 1. 2 9. 4 4. 3 0. 9 2. 2 0. 1 1. 8 0. 8 5. 2 0. 9 4. 6 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 0. 8 2. 3 0. 6 7. 3 0 4 General government deficit (-) /surplus (+) General government gross debt % % –0. 4 1. 4 0. 9 69. 2 68. 1 66. 6 1. 4 66 : : 1. 4 4. 7 –1 6. 6 0. 2 3. 5 –1 2. 4 –0. 5 5. 6 1 4. 7 –0. 1 4. 1 0. 1 4. 6 –0. 5 3 3 4. 6 –0. 9 4. 2 –0. 2 2. 6 –1. 8 3. 5 0. 4 4. 4 0. 5 4. 6 : : : : : : Economic sentiment indicator (²) index 107. 8 109. 4 109. 1 108. 3 109. 2 111 109. 5 111. 9 112. 5 111. 9 112. 4 114. 5 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 3-month interest rate Long term government bond yields % % 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 –0. 31 –0. 32 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 0. 19 0. 25 0. 25 0. 26 0. 35 0. 22 0. 34 0. 25 0. 46 0. 35 0. 35 : The set of indicators is selected from the PEEIs list (COM/2002/661) and complemented by certain Monetary and Financial Indicators as well as the Economic Sentiment Indicator. (1) sca: Seasonally and calendar adjusted data (2) sa: Seasonally adjusted data (3) ca: Calendar adjusted data, not seasonally adjusted data « : » not available data; « – » not existing data Indicator Current account 3 months Interest rate Long term government bond yields Euro–dollar exchange rate Economic Sentiment Indicator Source: European Central Bank (ECB) for euro area only ECB ECB ECB Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (DG ECFIN) 30 Eurostatistics — 11/2017 edition Germany Figure 1: Output Growth rate 6 3 0 – 3 – 6 Principal European Economic Indicators (PEEIs) 2 Figure 2: Demand Growth rate (PFC,I) 3 2 1 0 – 1 – 2 Index 115 110 105 100 95 Growth rate (RT) 3 2 1 0 – 1 – 2 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 Figure 3: Labour % 6. 0 5. 5 5. 0 4. 5 4. 0 3. 5 Figure 4: Prices Growth rate Growth rate 2. 0 1. 5 1. 0 0. 5 0. 0 –0. 5 3 2 1 0 –1 –2 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 Industrial producer prices (m/m-1) HICP (m/m-1) Figure 5: External transactions Figure 6: Financial Mio EUR 80 000 60 000 40 000 20 000 0 % 5 4 3 2 1 0 –1 €/$ 1. 60 1. 40 1. 20 1. 00 0. 80 0. 60 0. 40 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 BOP current account (2) External trade balance (1) 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 3-month interest rates Long-term government bond yields Euro-dollar exchange rates Eurostatistics — 11/2017 edition 31 2 Principal European Economic Indicators (PEEIs) Detailed PEEIs analysis for Estonia Indicators Unit Reference Period 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 GDP (volume) Private final consumption (volume) Q/Q-1 % (¹) Q/Q-1 % (¹) 1 0. 6 Investment (GFCF) (volume) Q/Q-1 % (¹) –8. 1 1. 5 0. 8 5. 4 1. 2 –0. 2 17. 1 1. 3 1. 1 3. 4 : : : Q/Q-4 % 2 Q/Q-4 % 4. 8 3. 1 4 4. 6 1 5. 7 2. 2 Q/Q-4 % –4. 9 –5. 4 16. 8 17. 9 : : : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 External trade balance (extra euro area) (²) External trade balance (extra EU28) (²) BOP Current account (all countries of the world) mn euro 63. 5 10. 9 –23. 1 40. 5 48. 4 36. 6 38. 4 30. 9 22 9. 3 mn euro 53 7. 4 15. 4 78. 4 86. 5 77. 9 65. 1 65. 6 40. 7 50. 9 : : : : 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 mn euro 291. 1 79. 9 71. 3 108. 1 : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 Inflation (Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices - All items) Industrial producer prices M/M-1 % M/M-12 % M/M-1 % M/M-12 % 0 1. 4 1. 2 1. 8 0. 3 2. 4 –0. 6 3. 2 0. 3 2. 8 1. 4 0. 2 1. 4 3. 4 0 5. 6 0. 4 3 –1. 1 2. 8 0. 6 3. 6 0. 2 4 0. 3 3. 5 0. 1 3. 5 0. 1 3. 1 –0. 3 1. 5 0. 8 3. 9 1. 4 5. 4 0. 4 4. 2 0. 3 5. 7 –0. 2 3. 9 0. 3 5. 5 : : : : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 Unemployment rate total (²) age <25year (²) age >25 year (²) % % % 6. 7 13. 3 6. 1 6. 3 13. 8 5. 7 5. 9 12. 7 5. 2 5. 6 14. 5 4. 8 5. 6 15 4. 6 6. 3 18. 7 5. 1 6. 7 15. 7 5. 9 6. 4 13. 9 5. 7 5. 9 10. 9 5. 5 5. 4 11. 4 4. 8 : : : : : : 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 Labour Cost Index Q/Q-1 % (¹) 1. 6 1. 3 1. 9 2. 8 : Q/Q-4 % (³) 4. 9 5. 7 5. 3 8. 1 : Employment Q/Q-1 % (¹) –0. 9 –1. 2 2. 8 –0. 5 : Q/Q-4 % –1. 1 –0. 6 2. 2 0. 1 : 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 Industrial production Production in construction Retail trade deflated turnover M/M-1 % (¹) M/M-12 % (³) M/M-1 % (¹) M/M-12 % M/M-1 % (¹) M/M-12 % 1. 2 9. 2 – – 1. 8 5. 7 –1. 2 9. 5 – – –0. 9 1. 7 0. 9 7. 5 – – –0. 2 –0. 3 1. 7 8. 8 – – –0. 8 0. 8 2. 3 14. 5 – – 1. 6 4. 8 0. 5 10. 1 – – –0. 5 2. 1 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 General government deficit (-) /surplus (+) General government gross debt % % 0. 4 9. 5 –2 9. 4 –2 9. 2 1. 4 8. 9 : : –0. 9 11. 8 – – 0. 2 1. 5 –0. 1 12 – – 0. 7 3. 4 –3. 3 4. 5 – – –1 1. 6 0. 1 4. 7 – – –0. 5 1. 5 2. 3 4 – – 1 1. 6 : : – – : : Economic sentiment indicator (²) index 102. 6 104 103. 9 106. 5 105. 4 106. 6 105. 3 109. 3 108. 7 106. 7 108. 6 106. 8 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 3-month interest rate Long term government bond yields % % 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 –0. 31 –0. 32 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 : : : : : : : : : : : : The set of indicators is selected from the PEEIs list (COM/2002/661) and complemented by certain Monetary and Financial Indicators as well as the Economic Sentiment Indicator. (1) sca: Seasonally and calendar adjusted data (2) sa: Seasonally adjusted data (3) ca: Calendar adjusted data, not seasonally adjusted data « : » not available data; « – » not existing data Indicator Current account 3 months Interest rate Long term government bond yields Euro–dollar exchange rate Economic Sentiment Indicator Source: European Central Bank (ECB) for euro area only ECB ECB ECB Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (DG ECFIN) 32 Eurostatistics — 11/2017 edition Principal European Economic Indicators (PEEIs) 2 Estonia Figure 1: Output Growth rate 9 6 3 0 – 3 – 6 Figure 2: Demand Growth rate (PFC,I) 20 15 10 5 0 – 5 – 10 Index 110 105 100 95 90 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 Figure 3: Labour % 7. 0 6. 5 6. 0 5. 5 5. 0 4. 5 Figure 4: Prices Growth rate Growth rate 3 2 1 0 –1 –2 6 4 2 0 –2 –4 –6 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 Industrial producer prices (m/m-1) HICP (m/m-1) Figure 5: External transactions Figure 6: Financial Mio EUR 300 200 100 0 –100 –200 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 BOP current account (2) External trade balance (1) % 5 4 3 2 1 0 –1 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 3-month interest rates Euro-dollar exchange rates Eurostatistics — 11/2017 edition 33 Growth rate (RT) 3 2 1 0 –1 –2 – 3 €/$ 1. 6 1. 4 1. 2 1. 0 0. 8 0. 6 0. 4 0. 2 0. 0 2 Principal European Economic Indicators (PEEIs) Detailed PEEIs analysis for Ireland Indicators Unit Reference Period 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 GDP (volume) Private final consumption (volume) Q/Q-1 % (¹) Q/Q-1 % (¹) 2. 2 0. 5 5. 8 1. 1 –3. 5 1. 4 0. 9 –1. 1 Investment (GFCF) (volume) Q/Q-1 % (¹) –6. 3 11. 6 –38. 1 39. 9 : : : Q/Q-4 % Q/Q-4 % 2. 7 1. 8 9. 9 2. 2 Q/Q-4 % 57. 9 100. 5 5. 2 1. 8 28 5. 8 1. 7 –8. 8 : : : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 External trade balance (extra euro area) (²) External trade balance (extra EU28) (²) BOP Current account (all countries of the world) mn euro 2887. 9 2854. 5 2782. 4 3068. 5 3131. 2 2911. 4 2379. 7 2300. 4 2213. 1 2054. 8 mn euro 3003. 3 3244. 4 3139. 9 3248. 1 3513. 8 3067. 4 2727. 3 2711. 9 2574. 5 2426. 5 : : : : 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 mn euro 1154 2360 8570 –872 : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 Inflation (Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices - All items) Industrial producer prices M/M-1 % M/M-12 % M/M-1 % M/M-12 % –0. 1 –0. 2 1. 4 0. 5 –0. 1 –0. 2 –0. 5 0. 3 –0. 5 0. 2 1 2. 7 0. 5 0. 3 0. 8 4. 9 0. 6 0. 6 0. 9 6 0. 4 0. 7 –0. 9 3. 7 –0. 2 0 1. 1 4. 3 0. 1 –0. 6 –1 2. 1 0. 1 –0. 2 –0. 7 1. 3 0. 4 0. 4 0. 3 2. 7 –0. 6 0. 2 0. 3 3. 1 : : : : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 Unemployment rate total (²) age <25year (²) age >25 year (²) % % % 7 16. 2 6. 1 6. 9 15. 5 6. 1 6. 9 14. 4 6. 1 6. 8 13. 9 6. 1 6. 6 14. 2 5. 9 6. 4 14. 8 5. 5 6. 2 15. 3 5. 3 6. 1 15. 7 5. 2 6. 2 15. 7 5. 2 6. 1 15. 2 5. 2 6. 1 14. 7 5. 2 6 14 5. 2 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 Labour Cost Index Q/Q-1 % (¹) 0. 3 0. 7 0. 4 0. 7 : Q/Q-4 % (³) 0. 8 1. 3 1. 2 2. 2 : Employment Q/Q-1 % (¹) 0. 5 0. 7 0. 4 1. 1 : Q/Q-4 % 2. 8 3. 1 3. 5 3. 7 : 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 Industrial production Production in construction Retail trade deflated turnover 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 M/M-1 % (¹) M/M-12 % (³) M/M-1 % (¹) M/M-12 % M/M-1 % (¹) M/M-12 % 14. 6 13. 3 – – 2. 5 6. 7 –9. 8 0. 8 – – –1. 7 3. 6 2. 7 –8. 5 – – 1. 6 6. 4 –12. 1 –10. 2 – – 0. 7 6. 2 0. 1 1. 7 – – 0. 2 4. 4 8. 4 –1. 2 – – 0. 4 8. 4 1. 1 6. 7 – – 1. 5 7. 6 –5. 9 –7. 9 – – 0 7. 3 1. 6 –8. 9 – – 0. 2 7. 6 1. 1 0. 6 – – 0. 5 6. 5 0. 7 –3. 1 – – 1. 4 8. 2 : : – – : : General government deficit (-) /surplus (+) General government gross debt % % 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 –2. 3 2 –1. 9 –0. 3 75. 1 72. 8 74. 7 74. 3 : : Economic sentiment indicator (²) index – – – – – – – – – – – – 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 3-month interest rate Long term government bond yields % % 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 –0. 31 –0. 32 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 0. 85 0. 84 0. 99 1. 06 1. 05 0. 91 0. 83 0. 7 0. 87 0. 73 0. 7 : The set of indicators is selected from the PEEIs list (COM/2002/661) and complemented by certain Monetary and Financial Indicators as well as the Economic Sentiment Indicator. (1) sca: Seasonally and calendar adjusted data (2) sa: Seasonally adjusted data (3) ca: Calendar adjusted data, not seasonally adjusted data « : » not available data; « – » not existing data Indicator Current account 3 months Interest rate Long term government bond yields Euro–dollar exchange rate Economic Sentiment Indicator Source: European Central Bank (ECB) for euro area only ECB ECB ECB Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (DG ECFIN) 34 Eurostatistics — 11/2017 edition Ireland Figure 1: Output Growth rate 30 20 10 0 – 10 – 20 Principal European Economic Indicators (PEEIs) 2 Figure 2: Demand Growth rate (PFC,I) 80 60 40 20 0 – 20 – 40 Growth rate (RT) 6 4 2 0 – 2 – 4 – 6 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 Figure 3: Labour % 8. 5 8. 0 7. 5 7. 0 6. 5 6. 0 Figure 4: Prices Growth rate Growth rate 1. 5 1. 0 0. 5 0. 0 –0. 5 –1. 0 3 2 1 0 –1 –2 –3 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 Industrial producer prices (m/m-1) HICP (m/m-1) Figure 5: External transactions Figure 6: Financial Mio EUR 12 000 10 000 8 000 6 000 4 000 2 000 0 –2 000 % 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 €/$ 1. 60 1. 40 1. 20 1. 00 0. 80 0. 60 0. 40 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 BOP current account (2) External trade balance (1) 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 3-month interest rates Long-term government bond yields Euro-dollar exchange rates Eurostatistics — 11/2017 edition 35 2 Principal European Economic Indicators (PEEIs) Detailed PEEIs analysis for Greece Indicators Unit Reference Period 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 GDP (volume) Private final consumption (volume) Q/Q-1 % (¹) Q/Q-1 % (¹) Investment (GFCF) (volume) Q/Q-1 % (¹) 0. 8 0. 5 1. 3 –1 0. 2 –0. 4 0. 5 0. 2 –1 0. 5 –0. 1 –4. 5 : : : Q/Q-4 % Q/Q-4 % 2. 1 6. 7 –1. 4 1. 2 0. 6 1. 3 0. 7 0. 4 Q/Q-4 % 15 –13. 5 12. 7 –4. 9 : : : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 External trade balance (extra euro area) (²) External trade balance (extra EU28) (²) BOP Current account (all countries of the world) mn euro –943. 5 –968. 7 –1530. 4 –1280. 6 –952. 8 –1223. 8 –958. 3 –802. 4 –918. 2 –1050. 6 mn euro –823. 9 –788. 3 –1390. 2 –1148. 8 –825. 8 –1085. 3 –781 –692. 2 –773. 3 –932. 2 : : : : 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 mn euro 3822 –2526 –2783 –427 : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 Inflation (Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices - All items) Industrial producer prices M/M-1 % M/M-12 % M/M-1 % M/M-12 % –1. 5 –0. 2 –0. 7 –2. 1 0. 4 0. 3 2. 7 3 –0. 5 –0. 1 1. 5 0. 8 6. 9 1. 4 1. 3 8. 8 1. 4 1. 7 –0. 9 6 0. 7 1. 6 0. 6 6. 4 –0. 2 1. 5 –1. 9 3 0. 7 0. 9 –1. 3 1. 2 –1. 2 –0. 3 0. 9 0. 2 2. 4 0. 6 0. 7 3. 3 1. 2 1 1. 2 4. 1 : : : : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 Unemployment rate total (²) age <25year (²) age >25 year (²) % % % 23. 4 46. 2 22. 1 23. 4 46. 6 22. 1 23. 1 47. 5 21. 7 22. 6 46. 7 21. 2 22. 1 45. 5 20. 7 21. 8 44. 5 20. 5 21. 6 43. 5 20. 3 21. 3 43 20 21 42. 8 19. 8 : : : : : : : : : 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 Labour Cost Index Q/Q-1 % (¹) 0. 8 0. 5 –0. 4 0. 8 : Q/Q-4 % (³) –0. 7 –0. 4 6. 2 1. 8 : 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 Employment Q/Q-1 % (²) 0. 5 –0. 8 1 0. 8 : Q/Q-4 % 1. 6 –0. 1 1. 4 1. 6 : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 Industrial production Production in construction Retail trade deflated turnover M/M-1 % (¹) M/M-12 % (³) M/M-1 % (¹) M/M-12 % M/M-1 % (¹) M/M-12 % –1. 1 2. 2 – – 0. 1 4 2. 6 2. 7 – – –1. 8 –1 2. 4 7. 3 – – 0. 1 –0. 1 –0. 5 11. 4 – – 3. 7 9. 9 –1. 1 10. 4 – – –3. 7 –1. 2 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 –3. 1 1 – – 1. 6 2. 1 General government deficit (-) /surplus (+) General government gross debt % % 4. 7 0. 6 –2. 1 176. 4 179. 1 176. 2 0. 2 175 : : 0. 6 6. 6 – – –1. 8 0. 3 –0. 4 2. 3 – – 2. 4 3. 7 0. 3 2. 4 – – 1. 8 2. 5 3 6. 1 – – –3. 3 0. 1 : : – – : : : : – – : : Economic sentiment indicator (²) index 92. 9 95. 1 95. 1 92. 9 93. 4 94. 9 93. 2 94 98. 2 99 100. 6 98. 3 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 3-month interest rate Long term government bond yields % % 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 –0. 31 –0. 32 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 7. 33 6. 94 7. 04 7. 52 7. 17 6. 7 5. 86 5. 76 5. 33 5. 55 5. 56 : The set of indicators is selected from the PEEIs list (COM/2002/661) and complemented by certain Monetary and Financial Indicators as well as the Economic Sentiment Indicator. (1) sca: Seasonally and calendar adjusted data (2) sa: Seasonally adjusted data (3) ca: Calendar adjusted data, not seasonally adjusted data « : » not available data; « – » not existing data Indicator Current account 3 months Interest rate Long term government bond yields Euro–dollar exchange rate Economic Sentiment Indicator Source: European Central Bank (ECB) for euro area only ECB ECB ECB Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (DG ECFIN) 36 Eurostatistics — 11/2017 edition Greece Figure 1: Output Growth rate 9 6 3 0 – 3 – 6 Principal European Economic Indicators (PEEIs) 2 Figure 2: Demand Growth rate (PFC,I) 30 20 10 0 – 10 – 20 Index 105 100 95 90 85 80 Growth rate (RT) 6 4 2 0 – 2 – 4 – 6 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 Figure 3: Labour % 23. 5 23. 0 22. 5 22. 0 21. 5 21. 0 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 Figure 4: Prices Growth rate Growth rate 3 2 1 0 –1 –2 3 2 1 0 –1 –2 –3 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 Industrial producer prices (m/m-1) HICP (m/m-1) Figure 5: External transactions Figure 6: Financial Mio EUR 5 000 3 000 1 000 –1 000 –3 000 % 10 8 6 4 2 0 –2 €/$ 1. 60 1. 40 1. 20 1. 00 0. 80 0. 60 0. 40 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 BOP current account (2) External trade balance (1) 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 3-month interest rates Long-term government bond yields Euro-dollar exchange rates Eurostatistics — 11/2017 edition 37 2 Principal European Economic Indicators (PEEIs) Detailed PEEIs analysis for Spain Indicators Unit Reference Period 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 GDP (volume) Private final consumption (volume) Q/Q-1 % (¹) Q/Q-1 % (¹) 0. 7 0. 8 Investment (GFCF) (volume) Q/Q-1 % (¹) –0. 3 0. 7 0. 4 0. 8 0. 8 0. 6 2. 5 0. 9 0. 8 0. 4 : : : Q/Q-4 % Q/Q-4 % Q/Q-4 % 3. 3 2. 9 2. 4 2. 5 2. 6 1. 9 2. 8 2. 2 5. 5 3. 2 2. 6 3. 8 : : : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 External trade balance (extra euro area) (²) External trade balance (extra EU28) (²) BOP Current account (all countries of the world) mn euro –1650. 4 –2305. 8 –2170. 9 –2428. 9 –2003. 9 –1736. 5 –2235. 3 –1922. 2 –2217. 6 –1695. 9 mn euro –2062. 6 –2444. 7 –2443. 7 –2791. 6 –2606. 7 –2241. 1 –2758. 2 –2300 –2506. 4 –2239. 7 : : : : 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 mn euro 8084 8124 –743 5491 : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 Inflation (Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices - All items) Industrial producer prices M/M-1 % M/M-12 % M/M-1 % M/M-12 % 0. 2 0. 5 0. 2 0. 6 0. 5 1. 4 1. 6 2. 9 –1 2. 9 1. 8 7. 6 –0. 3 3 –1. 2 7. 5 1. 1 2. 1 –1 5. 8 0. 9 2. 6 0. 1 6. 1 0 2 0. 1 5. 2 0. 1 1. 6 0 3. 2 –1. 2 1. 7 –0. 1 3. 1 0. 2 2 –0. 1 3. 2 0. 6 1. 8 0. 5 3. 4 : 1. 7 : : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 Unemployment rate total (²) age <25year (²) age >25 year (²) % % % 18. 7 42. 9 17 18. 5 42. 3 16. 9 18. 4 41. 7 16. 8 18. 2 40. 9 16. 7 18 40. 3 16. 5 17. 6 39. 5 16. 1 17. 3 38. 9 15. 8 17 38. 3 15. 5 16. 9 37. 8 15. 4 16. 8 37. 4 15. 3 16. 7 37. 2 15. 2 : : : 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 Labour Cost Index Q/Q-1 % (¹) 0. 1 0. 2 –0. 1 0. 2 : Q/Q-4 % (³) 0. 3 0. 1 0 0. 4 : Employment Q/Q-1 % (¹) 0. 7 0. 5 0. 7 0. 8 : Q/Q-4 % 2. 6 2. 3 2. 4 2. 7 : 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 Industrial production Production in construction Retail trade deflated turnover M/M-1 % (¹) M/M-12 % (³) M/M-1 % (¹) M/M-12 % M/M-1 % (¹) M/M-12 % 1. 5 3. 3 –0. 7 –2. 5 0. 2 3. 1 –0. 4 2. 2 1. 6 5. 6 –0. 3 2. 8 0. 4 2. 9 –2. 7 –10. 3 –1 –1. 1 –0. 3 2. 6 2. 8 5. 4 0. 5 0. 3 –0. 2 0. 5 –1. 5 –3. 7 0. 9 1. 5 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 –0. 3 –0. 2 0. 5 –1. 9 0. 8 1. 6 General government deficit (-) /surplus (+) General government gross debt % % 0. 8 –6. 3 –1. 8 –6. 9 99. 9 99 99. 9 99. 8 : : 1. 7 3. 8 –0. 7 –6. 2 0. 4 3 –0. 2 2. 9 2. 5 6. 3 0. 4 2. 9 –0. 4 1. 9 –0. 2 3. 4 –0. 3 0. 7 1. 1 2. 5 –0. 2 1. 1 0. 1 1. 7 : : : : 0. 4 2. 5 : : : : : : Economic sentiment indicator (²) index 108. 2 106 107. 4 108. 7 106. 9 107. 9 108. 4 108. 9 107. 9 109. 3 109. 9 110. 2 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 3-month interest rate Long term government bond yields % % 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 –0. 31 –0. 32 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 1. 43 1. 44 1. 46 1. 7 1. 72 1. 61 1. 57 1. 45 1. 6 1. 48 1. 54 : The set of indicators is selected from the PEEIs list (COM/2002/661) and complemented by certain Monetary and Financial Indicators as well as the Economic Sentiment Indicator. (1) sca: Seasonally and calendar adjusted data (2) sa: Seasonally adjusted data (3) ca: Calendar adjusted data, not seasonally adjusted data « : » not available data; « – » not existing data Indicator Current account 3 months Interest rate Long term government bond yields Euro–dollar exchange rate Economic Sentiment Indicator Source: European Central Bank (ECB) for euro area only ECB ECB ECB Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (DG ECFIN) 38 Eurostatistics — 11/2017 edition Spain Figure 1: Output Growth rate 9 6 3 0 – 3 – 6 Principal European Economic Indicators (PEEIs) 2 Figure 2: Demand Growth rate (PFC,I) 6 4 2 0 – 2 – 4 Index 120 115 110 105 100 95 Growth rate (RT) 3 2 1 0 – 1 – 2 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 Figure 3: Labour % 19 18 17 16 15 Figure 4: Prices Growth rate Growth rate 2. 0 1. 5 1. 0 0. 5 0. 0 –0. 5 3 2 1 0 –1 –2 –3 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 Industrial producer prices (m/m-1) HICP (m/m-1) Figure 5: External transactions Figure 6: Financial Mio EUR 9 000 7 000 5 000 3 000 1 000 –1 000 –3 000 % 5 4 3 2 1 0 –1 €/$ 1. 60 1. 40 1. 20 1. 00 0. 80 0. 60 0. 40 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 BOP current account (2) External trade balance (1) 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 3-month interest rates Long-term government bond yields Euro-dollar exchange rates Eurostatistics — 11/2017 edition 39 2 Principal European Economic Indicators (PEEIs) Detailed PEEIs analysis for France Indicators Unit Reference Period 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 GDP (volume) Q/Q-1 % (¹) 0. 1 Private final consumption (volume) Q/Q-1 % (¹) –0. 2 Investment (GFCF) (volume) Q/Q-1 % (¹) 0. 1 0. 6 0. 7 0. 7 0. 5 0. 1 1. 4 0. 6 0. 3 1 0. 5 0. 5 0. 8 Q/Q-4 % Q/Q-4 % Q/Q-4 % 0. 6 1. 7 2. 3 0. 9 2. 1 1. 6 1. 5 0. 9 3. 1 1. 1 0. 6 2. 2 2 1. 5 3. 9 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 External trade balance (extra euro area) (²) External trade balance (extra EU28) (²) BOP Current account (all countries of the world) mn euro 1575. 7 4405 –176. 9 1270. 3 1992. 7 2294. 8 2384. 7 2033. 2 760. 8 2594. 1 mn euro 1237. 7 4161 85. 4 1653. 9 2211. 8 2482. 9 2973. 3 2061. 2 1384. 6 2698. 1 : : : : 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 mn euro –7190 5486 –22476 –2034 : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 Inflation (Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices - All items) Industrial producer prices M/M-1 % M/M-12 % M/M-1 % 0 0. 7 0. 6 M/M-12 % –0. 6 0. 3 0. 8 0. 9 1. 6 –0. 3 1. 6 0. 9 3. 4 0. 2 1. 4 –0. 3 3. 6 0. 7 1. 4 –0. 4 2. 9 0. 1 1. 4 –0. 4 3. 3 0 0. 9 –0. 6 2. 2 0 0. 8 –0. 2 1. 6 –0. 4 0. 8 0 1. 5 0. 6 1 0. 4 1. 9 –0. 2 1. 1 0. 5 2. 1 : 1. 2 : : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 Unemployment rate total (²) age <25year (²) age >25 year (²) % % % 10 23. 9 8. 5 9. 9 23. 6 8. 5 9. 7 23. 4 8. 3 9. 6 23. 2 8. 2 9. 6 23. 1 8. 2 9. 5 23 8. 1 9. 5 23 8. 1 9. 6 22. 9 8. 2 9. 7 22. 9 8. 4 9. 7 22. 7 8. 4 9. 7 22. 5 8. 4 : : : 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 Labour Cost Index Q/Q-1 % (¹) 0. 3 0. 4 0. 5 0. 1 : Q/Q-4 % (³) 1. 3 1. 2 1. 1 1. 4 : Employment Q/Q-1 % (¹) 0. 2 0. 3 0. 3 0. 3 : Q/Q-4 % 0. 8 0. 9 0. 9 0. 9 : 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 Industrial production Production in construction Retail trade deflated turnover M/M-1 % (¹) M/M-12 % (³) M/M-1 % (¹) M/M-12 % M/M-1 % (¹) M/M-12 % 2. 5 2. 4 0. 3 1. 6 0. 3 5. 2 –1. 4 1. 1 –1 3. 5 –0. 4 2. 6 0. 2 0. 8 –2. 5 –4. 6 0. 3 2. 6 –1. 7 –0. 9 5. 8 7. 9 1. 1 4 2. 3 2. 5 –4. 4 6. 5 0. 3 3. 9 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 –0. 6 –0. 1 3. 1 7 –0. 6 3. 5 General government deficit (-) /surplus (+) General government gross debt % % –4. 6 –0. 3 –6. 6 –1. 9 97. 4 96. 5 98. 8 99. 3 : : 1. 8 3. 2 –0. 7 4. 6 1 3. 5 –1. 3 2. 4 –0. 3 3. 7 –0. 5 3. 2 1 3. 7 0. 4 1. 8 0. 5 3. 7 –0. 4 1. 3 0. 1 0. 7 0. 4 3. 5 : : : : 1. 2 4. 6 : : : : : : Economic sentiment indicator (²) index 103. 4 105. 5 105 105. 9 105. 1 106. 2 107. 6 109. 5 108. 9 110. 8 111. 6 110 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 3-month interest rate Long term government bond yields % % 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 –0. 31 –0. 32 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 0. 67 0. 75 0. 86 1. 03 1. 02 0. 88 0. 81 0. 66 0. 84 0. 71 0. 7 : The set of indicators is selected from the PEEIs list (COM/2002/661) and complemented by certain Monetary and Financial Indicators as well as the Economic Sentiment Indicator. (1) sca: Seasonally and calendar adjusted data (2) sa: Seasonally adjusted data (3) ca: Calendar adjusted data, not seasonally adjusted data « : » not available data; « – » not existing data Indicator Current account 3 months Interest rate Long term government bond yields Euro–dollar exchange rate Economic Sentiment Indicator Source: European Central Bank (ECB) for euro area only ECB ECB ECB Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (DG ECFIN) 40 Eurostatistics — 11/2017 edition France Figure 1: Output Growth rate 4 3 2 1 0 –1 – 2 Principal European Economic Indicators (PEEIs) 2 Figure 2: Demand Growth rate (PFC,I) 3 2 1 0 – 1 – 2 Index 115 110 105 100 95 90 85 Growth rate (RT) 1. 5 1. 0 0. 5 0. 0 – 0. 5 – 1. 0 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 Figure 3: Labour % 10. 5 10. 2 9. 9 9. 6 9. 3 Figure 4: Prices Growth rate Growth rate 1. 5 1. 0 0. 5 0. 0 –0. 5 2 1 0 –1 –2 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 Industrial producer prices (m/m-1) HICP (m/m-1) Figure 5: External transactions Figure 6: Financial Mio EUR 8 000 0 –8 000 –16 000 –24 000 % 5 4 3 2 1 0 –1 €/$ 1. 60 1. 40 1. 20 1. 00 0. 80 0. 60 0. 40 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 BOP current account External trade balance 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 3-month interest rates Long-term government bond yields Euro-dollar exchange rates Eurostatistics — 11/2017 edition 41 2 Principal European Economic Indicators (PEEIs) Detailed PEEIs analysis for Croatia Indicators Unit Reference Period 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 GDP (volume) Private final consumption (volume) Q/Q-1 % (¹) Q/Q-1 % (¹) 1. 4 1. 1 Investment (GFCF) (volume) Q/Q-1 % (¹) –1. 2 0. 5 1. 1 2. 2 0. 6 1 1. 9 0. 8 0. 9 0. 3 : : : Q/Q-4 % Q/Q-4 % Q/Q-4 % 3 3. 4 3. 2 3. 4 3. 6 4. 6 2. 5 3. 4 5. 4 2. 8 3. 8 3. 2 : : : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 External trade balance (extra EU28) (²) BOP Current account (all countries of the world) mn euro –54. 7 –291. 1 116. 8 12. 3 32. 6 –31. 2 29. 3 26. 8 –17. 1 76 : : 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 mn euro 3319 –695. 9 –1534. 7 136. 2 : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 Inflation (Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices - All items) Industrial producer prices M/M-1 % M/M-12 % M/M-1 % M/M-12 % –0. 1 0. 2 –1. 3 –2. 7 0 0. 7 1. 8 0. 1 –0. 2 0. 9 0. 7 1. 7 0. 2 1. 4 0 2. 5 0. 2 1. 1 –0. 4 1. 1 0. 7 1. 4 0. 4 2. 9 –0. 1 1 –0. 6 2. 3 0. 4 1. 1 –0. 7 0. 4 0. 1 1. 2 0. 1 1. 2 0 1. 5 0. 7 3. 3 0. 3 1. 6 0. 4 2. 1 : : : : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 Unemployment rate total (²) age <25year (²) age >25 year (²) % % % 12. 5 30. 4 10. 6 12. 4 30. 4 10. 5 12. 1 28. 5 10. 3 11. 8 28. 5 10. 1 11. 6 28. 5 9. 9 11. 4 26. 1 9. 8 11. 1 26. 1 9. 6 10. 9 26. 1 9. 4 10. 8 10. 7 10. 5 25 9. 4 25 9. 3 25 9. 1 : : : 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 Labour Cost Index Q/Q-1 % (¹) 1. 5 1. 4 1. 7 –0. 1 : Q/Q-4 % (³) 4 4. 7 5. 3 4. 5 : 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 Employment Q/Q-1 % (¹) –0. 5 0. 8 –0. 3 1. 5 : Q/Q-4 % 0. 5 0. 3 0 1. 6 : Industrial production Production in construction Retail trade deflated turnover 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 M/M-1 % (¹) M/M-12 % (³) M/M-1 % (¹) M/M-12 % (³) M/M-1 % (¹) 2. 5 7. 1 – – –1 M/M-12 % (³) –0. 3 3. 8 14. 9 – – 1. 5 0. 6 –5. 5 4. 3 – – 0 2. 7 –0. 9 3. 1 – – 1. 6 5. 2 0. 6 0. 4 – – 0. 6 5. 5 –2. 6 –0. 4 – – –2. 3 0. 5 2. 7 3. 6 – – 0. 6 1. 8 0. 7 4. 2 – – 3. 3 8. 1 –1. 2 2. 5 – – 0 6 0. 3 3. 2 – – 0. 4 6. 1 1. 4 3. 1 – – –1. 9 3. 7 : : – – : : General government deficit (-) /surplus (+) General government gross debt % % 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2. 2 –1. 6 –1. 6 0. 2 84. 4 83. 7 86. 4 81. 9 : : Economic sentiment indicator (²) index 114. 3 115. 5 115. 3 114. 8 119 116. 4 115. 3 115. 8 118. 1 118. 4 116. 4 116. 9 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 3-month interest rate Long term government bond yields Croatian kuna exchange rates against the euro % % 0. 88 0. 85 0. 71 0. 63 0. 61 0. 58 0. 59 0. 61 0. 6 0. 6 0. 59 3. 01 2. 95 2. 8 2. 71 2. 74 2. 98 3. 01 2. 83 2. 78 2. 87 2. 71 : : Average 7. 52 7. 54 7. 53 7. 45 7. 42 7. 45 7. 43 7. 41 7. 41 7. 41 7. 46 7. 51 The set of indicators is selected from the PEEIs list (COM/2002/661) and complemented by certain Monetary and Financial Indicators as well as the Economic Sentiment Indicator. (1) sca: Seasonally and calendar adjusted data (2) sa: Seasonally adjusted data (3) ca: Calendar adjusted data, not seasonally adjusted data « : » not available data; « – » not existing data Indicator Current account 3 months Interest rate Long term government bond yields Euro–dollar exchange rate Economic Sentiment Indicator Source: European Central Bank (ECB) for euro area only ECB ECB ECB Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (DG ECFIN) 42 Eurostatistics — 11/2017 edition Croatia Figure 1: Output Growth rate 6 3 0 – 3 – 6 – 9 Principal European Economic Indicators (PEEIs) 2 Figure 2: Demand Growth rate (PFC,I) 3 2 1 0 – 1 – 2 Index 125 120 115 110 105 100 Growth rate (RT) 6 4 2 0 – 2 – 4 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 Figure 3: Labour % 15. 3 14. 3 13. 3 12. 3 11. 3 10. 3 Figure 4: Prices Growth rate Growth rate 3 2 1 0 –1 –2 3 2 1 0 –1 –2 –3 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 Industrial producer prices (m/m-1) HICP (m/m-1) Figure 5: External transactions Figure 6: Financial Mio EUR 6 000 4 000 2 000 0 –2 000 % 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Croatian Kuna/€ 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 BOP current account External trade balance 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 3-month interest rates Long-term government bond yields Croatian Kuna Euro exchange rates Eurostatistics — 11/2017 edition 43 2 Principal European Economic Indicators (PEEIs) Detailed PEEIs analysis for Italy Indicators Unit Reference Period 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 GDP (volume) Private final consumption (volume) Q/Q-1 % (¹) Q/Q-1 % (¹) Investment (GFCF) (volume) Q/Q-1 % (¹) 0. 3 0. 3 2. 4 0. 4 0. 2 2. 5 0. 5 0. 6 –2 0. 3 0. 2 0. 9 : : : Q/Q-4 % Q/Q-4 % Q/Q-4 % 0. 7 1. 2 2. 1 0. 5 1 4. 2 2 1. 1 4. 4 1. 2 1. 7 2. 5 : : : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 External trade balance (extra euro area) (²) External trade balance (extra EU28) (²) BOP Current account (all countries of the world) mn euro 4581. 6 4287 4182. 8 3684. 9 4701. 4 4023. 6 4080. 2 4598. 8 4403. 2 5352. 8 mn euro 3422. 3 2779. 3 2913. 4 2377. 3 3324. 2 2671. 2 2691. 1 3271. 8 3155. 1 3593. 4 : : : : 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 mn euro 16107 14014 5796 10705 : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 Inflation (Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices - All items) Industrial producer prices M/M-1 % M/M-12 % M/M-1 % M/M-12 % –0. 2 0. 1 –0. 2 –0. 3 0. 4 0. 5 0. 6 0. 9 –1. 7 1 1. 2 2. 9 0. 2 1. 6 0. 3 3. 7 1. 9 1. 4 –0. 2 3. 3 0. 8 2 0. 1 4. 4 –0. 1 1. 6 –0. 3 3. 2 –0. 2 1. 2 –0. 2 2. 5 –1. 9 1. 2 0 0. 9 0. 1 1. 4 0. 5 1. 6 1. 8 1. 3 0. 3 2 : 1. 1 : : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 Unemployment rate total (²) age <25year (²) age >25 year (²) % % % 11. 9 39. 6 10 11. 8 38. 9 10 11. 8 37. 1 10. 1 11. 5 34. 8 10. 1 11. 5 34. 7 10. 1 11. 2 34. 9 9. 7 11. 3 36. 1 9. 7 11. 1 35. 1 9. 7 11. 3 35. 2 : 11. 1 35. 1 : 11. 1 35. 7 : : : : Labour Cost Index Q/Q-1 % (¹) 0. 3 0. 4 0. 3 –0. 2 : Q/Q-4 % (³) –0. 4 0. 2 0. 8 0. 9 : 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 Employment Q/Q-1 % (¹) 0 0. 3 0. 5 0. 3 : Q/Q-4 % 1 1. 1 1. 4 1. 1 : Industrial production Production in construction Retail trade deflated turnover 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 M/M-1 % (¹) M/M-12 % (³) M/M-1 % (¹) M/M-12 % M/M-1 % (¹) M/M-12 % 0. 9 3. 2 2. 1 –2. 3 –0. 5 0 1. 6 7. 1 1. 2 0. 2 –0. 2 –0. 6 –2. 2 –0. 3 –4 –5. 6 1. 1 2. 4 1. 1 2 4. 4 1. 3 –0. 6 –0. 5 0. 5 2. 8 0. 7 3. 6 0. 2 0. 7 –0. 3 1 –4. 1 –4. 6 0. 1 0. 7 0. 7 2. 7 2. 6 2. 9 –0. 1 0. 2 1. 3 5. 2 –1. 5 –0. 7 0. 5 1. 6 0. 1 4. 6 0. 1 –0. 6 –0. 1 0. 6 1. 2 5. 7 1. 8 –1. 1 0. 2 1. 1 : : : : 0. 3 2. 5 : : : : : : General government deficit (-) /surplus (+) General government gross debt % % 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 –2. 4 –2. 4 –4. 3 –0. 5 132. 1 132 134 134. 7 : : Economic sentiment indicator (²) index 104 104. 2 105. 5 105. 7 105. 6 107 106. 1 106. 1 105. 5 109. 1 110. 9 111. 9 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 3-month interest rate Long term government bond yields % % 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 –0. 31 –0. 32 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 –0. 33 1. 94 1. 89 1. 99 2. 35 2. 4 2. 26 2. 19 2. 05 2. 23 2. 11 2. 11 : The set of indicators is selected from the PEEIs list (COM/2002/661) and complemented by certain Monetary and Financial Indicators as well as the Economic Sentiment Indicator. (1) sca: Seasonally and calendar adjusted data (2) sa: Seasonally adjusted data (3) ca: Calendar adjusted data, not seasonally adjusted data « : » not available data; « – » not existing data Indicator Current account 3 months Interest rate Long term government bond yields Euro–dollar exchange rate Economic Sentiment Indicator Source: European Central Bank (ECB) for euro area only ECB ECB ECB Directorate General for Economic and Financial Affairs (DG ECFIN) 44 Eurostatistics — 11/2017 edition Italy Figure 1: Output Growth rate 5 3 1 – 1 – 3 Principal European Economic Indicators (PEEIs) 2 Figure 2: Demand Growth rate (PFC,I) 3 2 1 0 – 1 – 2 Index 112. 5 110. 0 107. 5 105. 0 102. 5 Growth rate (RT) 3 2 1 0 – 1 – 2 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 Figure 3: Labour % 12. 5 12. 1 11. 7 11. 3 10. 9 Figure 4: Prices Growth rate Growth rate 1. 5 1. 0 0. 5 0. 0 –0. 5 3 2 1 0 –1 –2 –3 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 Industrial producer prices (m/m-1) HICP (m/m-1) Figure 5: External transactions Figure 6: Financial Mio EUR 16 000 12 000 8 000 4 000 0 % 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 €/$ 1. 60 1. 40 1. 20 1. 00 0. 80 0. 60 0. 40 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 BOP current account (2) External trade balance (1) 2016M11 2017M01 2017M03 2017M05 2017M07 2017M09 3-month interest rates Long-term government bond yields Euro-dollar exchange rates Eurostatistics — 11/2017 edition 45 2 Principal European Economic Indicators (PEEIs) Detailed PEEIs analysis for Cyprus Indicators Unit Reference Period 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 GDP (volume) Private final consumption (volume) Q/Q-1 % (¹) Q/Q-1 % (²) 0. 8 0. 6 Investment (GFCF) (volume) Q/Q-1 % (²) –50 0. 8 0. 7 65 1 0. 2 0. 9 2 –5 –15. 6 : : : Q/Q-4 % Q/Q-4 % 2. 9 3. 1 3 3. 2 3. 6 3. 4 3. 6 3. 3 Q/Q-4 % –3. 4 65. 4 309. 9 –33. 2 : : : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 External trade balance (extra euro area) (²) External trade balance (extra EU28) (²) BOP Current account (all countries of the world) mn euro –398 –214. 3 –173. 4 –160. 9 –144 –176. 1 –55. 2 115. 1 –33. 2 –107. 5 mn euro –368. 1 –183. 3 –141. 8 –118. 2 –107. 5 –125. 6 –26. 2 140 5. 4 –85. 1 : : : : 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 mn euro 406 –903 –713 –7 : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 Inflation (Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices - All items) Industrial producer prices M/M-1 % M/M-12 % M/M-1 % M/M-12 % –1 –0. 8 –0. 1 –0. 2 0. 3 0. 1 0. 1 0. 1 –0. 8 0. 7 0. 5 1. 9 0. 1 1. 4 0 2 0. 9 1. 5 1 5. 1 1 2. 1 0. 2 5. 4 0. 1 0. 9 0. 3 4. 8 0. 3 0. 9 0. 2 5. 3 0 –0. 1 0. 4 3 1 0. 5 0 2. 8 –0. 8 0. 1 –1. 4 1. 2 : 0. 3 : : 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 Unemployment rate total (²) age <25year (²) age >25 year (²) % % % 13. 4 29. 3 11. 9 13. 2 29. 3 11. 8 12. 7 26. 5 11. 5 12. 5 26. 5 11. 2 12. 1 26. 5 10. 8 11. 6 26. 4 10. 2 11. 3 26. 4 9. 9 10. 9 26. 4 9. 5 10. 7 25. 5 9. 3 10. 6 25. 5 9. 2 10. 3 25. 5 9 : : : 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 Labour Cost Index Q/Q-1 % (¹) 0. 1 –0. 2 0. 2 0. 2 : Q/Q-4 % (³) 0. 6 –0. 5 0. 1 0. 4 : Employment Q/Q-1 % (¹) 0. 7 1. 4 0. 3 0. 6 : Q/Q-4 % 3. 3 3. 7 3. 3 3 : 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 2016Q3 2016Q4 2017Q1 2017Q2 2017Q3 Industrial production Production in construction Retail trade deflated turnover 2016M11 2016M12 2017M01 2017M02 2017M03 2017M04 2017M05 2017M06 2017M07 2017M08 2017M09 2017M10 M/M-1 % (¹) –0.
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HP 1 -4 —4 Pa CP 0 CTs HP HP Os Os 03 en Pa en pa- HP HP OS en rv eo s-n OS so en è-* HP H-* ■ taa. S/ì S/i cn SJJ ro OS VJ 0 "4 00 00 SO 0 SVI so s;i co S/l o so o co 03 as to so eo Ö G4 f -v COMMUNAUTES EUROPEENNES r COMITE DU STATUT A V I S N° 23/79 du Com ité du S tatu t s u r un p r o j e t de r é g l e m e n t a t i o n de l a Commission m o d i f i a n t l a r é g l e m e n t a t i o n f i x a n t l e s m o d a l i t é s r e l a t i v e s au remboursement d e s f r a i s de t r a n s p o r t pour m i s s i o n s e f f e c t u é e s dans d e s c o n d i t i o n s p a r t i c u l i è r e m e n t f a t i g a n t e s 1. Par l e t t r e en d a t e du 26 j a n v i e r 1 9 7 9 î M. C. TUGENDHAT, Membre de l a Commission d e s Communautés e u r o p é e n n e s , a soum is à l ' a v i s du Com ité du S t a t u t l e p r o j e t de r é g l e m e n t a t i o n mentionné c i - d e s s u s. 2 . Le Comité du S t a t u t a ém is à l ' u n a n i m i t é , te n u e à-Luxembourg l e 12 j u i l l e t de r é g l e m e n t a t i o n , au c o u r s de s a 58ème r é u n i o n , 1979^ un a v i s f a v o r a b l e à ce p r o j e t t e l q u ' i l r é s u l t e de s e s d é l i b é r a t i o n s. 3 . Le R e p r é s e n t a n t du C o n s e i l n ' a pas p a r t i c i p é au v o t e. REGLEK íDNTJ.ÍIGí; MO^H'-IAIÍT l A EICGLEI.'JilNTATIOIÍ FIXANT LES MODALITES RELATIVES AU RlìMBCURSEMEITT DES FRAIS DS TRANSPORT POUR MISSIONS EliT’ECnjEES m u s DSS CONDITIONS PARTICULIEREMENT FATIGANTES LA COMMISSION DES COîÆfiUNAUÏES EUROPEENNES, VU le Statuì dea fonctionnaires des Communautés européennes ainsi que le régime applicable aux autres agents des Commu nautés, fixés par le règlement (C.E.E,, Euratom, CECA) n® 259/68 (1 ), modifié en dernier lieu par le règlement n® 3085/78 (2) et notamment l'article 12 paragraphe 2 troisième alinéa de l'axinexe VII du Statut des fonctionnaire a. VU l'avis du Comité du Statut, VU le commun accord des institutions des Communautés européennes constaté par le président de la Cour de Justice des Commu nautés européennes le CONSIDERANT' qa'il y a lieu d'adapter la réglementation du 2 juin 1974 fixai:¡t les oodalités relatives au remboursement des frais do transport pour missions effectuées dans des conditions particulèrement fatigantes à la suite de la modi fication apportée à l'article 12, paragraphe 2, troisième alinéa da l'annexa VII du statut des fonctionnaires par le règlement du Conseil n 912/ 78, A AREETE LA PRESENTE REGLElíHiTATION t A rtid e p rem ier A l ' a r t i c l e prem ier de l a ré g le m e n ta tio n f ix a n t l e s m o d a lité s r e l a t i v e s au remboursement de f r a i s de tra n s p o rt pour m issio n s e f fe c t u é e s dans des c o n d itio n s p a r tic u liè r e m e n t f a t i g a n t e s , le s term es "de c a té g o r ie A des grad es i n f é r i e u r s cadre lin g u is t iq u e des g ra d e s à A 3 e t du in f é r ie u r s à L/A 3" sont supprim és. A rtic le 2 L 'a r t i c l e 2 de l a réglem en tât ion p r é c it é e e s t com plété p a r un tro is iè m e a lin é a , a in s i l i b e l l é : "P eu ven t. également ê t r e a s s im ilé s à des déplacem ents dans des c o n d itio n s p a rtic u liè re m e n t f a t ig a n t e s l e s déplacem ents ne répondant pas aux c o n d itio n s f ix é e s aux a lin é a s un e t deux, t e l s que ; a) lè s déplacem ents d 'u n fo n c tio n n a ir e a t t e i n t d 'u n handicap ph;>'^BÌque c o n s ta té p ar le m é d e cin -co n seil de l 'i n s t i t u t i o n , ( 1 ) JO n® L 56 du 4. 3. 196 8 , p. 1 ( 2 ) JO n® L 369 du 29. 1 2. 19 78 , p. • b ilité s (l), l e s d é p la c e m e n ts co m p o rta n t d e s r e s p o n s a - ou d e s f o n c t i o n s de r e p r é s e n t a t i o n p a r t i c u l i è r e s e t / o u e f f e c t u é s dans d e s c o n d i t i o n s de t r a v a i l p a r t i c u l i è r e m e n t d u r e s , ( 1 ) A r e m p l i r p a r chaque I n s t i t u t i o n s e l o n s e s s t r u c t u r e s I n t e r n e s de d é c i s i o n. Artide 3 L'articLe 3 de La régLementation précitée est complétée par un troisième alinéa, ainsi libellé : "Le remboursement du coût du trajet en classe de Luxe ou de première classe peut, à titre exceptionnel, également être décidé s'il a été impossible, indépendamment de la volonté du fonctionnaire, d'obtenir pour un vol un billet en classe immédiatement inférieure à la classe de Luxe ou de La première classe". Arti d e 4 La présente réglementation entre en vigueur Le premier jour du mois suivant celui au cours duquel Le commun accord des institutions prévu à L'articLe 12, paragraphe 2, troisième alinéa de l'annexe VII du statut aura été constaté par Le président de la Cour de Justice. Elle est applicable avec effet au 4 mai 1978 a COMMUNAUTES EUROPEENNES COMITE DU STATUT A V I S N° 24/79 du Comité du S t a t u t s u r l e p r o j e t de r é g l e m e n t a t i o n de l a Commission m o d i f i a n t l a r é g l e m e n t a t i o n r e l a t i v e à l a c o u v e r t u r e des r i s q u e s de m a la d ie d e s f o n c t i o n n a i r e s d es Communautés européennes. 1. P a r l e t t r e en d a t e du 5 J u i l l e t 1979^ M. Ch. TUGENDHAT, Membre de l a Commission d es Communautés e u ro p é e n n e s , a soumis à l ' a v i s du Comité du S t a t u t l e p r o j e t de r é g l e m e n t a t i o n m entionné c i - d e s s u s. Le Comité du S t a t u t a ém is à l ' u n a n i m i t é , moins une ab sten tio n , au c o u r s de s a 58ème r é u n io n te n u e à Luxembourg l e 12 J u i l l e t 1979:» l e p r o j e t de r é g l e m e n t a t i o n J o i n t en annexe t e l q u ' i l r é s u l t e de s e s d é l i b é ra tio n s. PROJET DE REGLEMENTATION MODIFIANT LA REGLEMENTATION RELATIVE A l A COUVERTURE DES RISQUES DE MALADIE DES FONCTIONNAIRES DES COMMUNAUTES EUROPEENNES (NOM DE L ’INSTITUTION) VU le statut des fonctionnaires des Communautés européennes ainsi que le régime applicable aux autres agents de ces Communautés fixés par le règlement (C.E.E., EURATOM, C.E.G.A.) n® 259/68 (l) et modifiés en dernier lieu par le règlement (EURATOM, C.E.C.A., C.E.E.) n® 3O 85/78 (2 ), et notamment l'article 72 dtidit statut et l ’article 28 dudit régime, VU l ’avis du Comité du Statut, VU l ’avis du Comité de gestion de l'assurance-maladie, VU le commun accord des institutions des Communautés européennes, CONSIDERANT q u ’il paraît indispensable de réviser quelques dispositions de la réglementation relative à la couverture des risques de maladie des fonc tionnaires des Communautés européennes et d ’Adapter certains montants maxima de rémboursement dès frais médicaux à 1 ’évolution de ces frais, A ARRETE LA PRESENTE REGLEMENTATION : Article premier La réglementation relative à la couverture des riscpues de maladie des fonctionnaires des Communautés européennes est modifiée comme suit : 1 ) A l ’article 2, paragraphes 1, 8 , 9 et 10, lire : ”1. Les fonctionnaires des Communautés, sous réserve de l'article 4» paragraphes 1 à 4 de la présente réglementation; 8. Le président, les vice-présidents et les membres de la Commission des Communautés européennes, le président, les juges, les avocats généraux et le greffier de la Cour de Justice des Communautés euro péennes, ainsi que le président et les membres de la Cour des Comptes des Communautés européennes; 9. Les anciens présidents, vice-présidents et membres de la Haute Autorité de la Communauté eiiropéenne du charbon et de l ’acier, des Commissions de la Communauté économiîque européenne, de la Communauté européenne de l ’énergie atomique ou des Communautés européennes, les anciens présidents, j\iges, avocats généraux et greffiers de la Cour de Justice de la Commu nauté européenne du charbon et de l ’acier ou des Communautés européennes, ainsi que les anciens présidents et membres de la Cour des Comptes des Communautés européennes ayant droit à l ’indemnité transitoire prévue dans lexir régime pécuniaire sous réserve de l ’article 4 § 9 de la pré sente réglementation; (1) J.O. n® L 56 du 4»3.I968, p, 1. (2 ) J.O, n® L 369 du 29.12 .1978 , p. 6. - 2 - 10 Les anciens p ré s id e n ts , v ic e -p r é s id e n ts e t membres de l a Haute Autoriià de l a Communauté européenne du charbon e t de l ’ a c ie r , des Commissions de la Communauté économique européenne, fie l a Communauté européenne de l ’ énerffie atoraiqu.e ou des Communautés exxropéennes, le s anciens p r e s i d e n ts , ju g e s , avo cats généraux e t g r e f f i e r de l a Cour de J u s tic e de a Communauté européenne du charbon e t de l ’ a c ie r ou des Comm^autes euro péennes a in s i que le s anciens p ré sid e n ts et membres de l a Cour^des Comptes des Communautés européennes t i t u l a i r e s d'une pension d ancienne t é ou d ’ in v a li d i t é sous ré se rv e de l ' a r t i c l e 4 § 10» présente rég lem en ta tio n ;" 2) A l ' a r t i c l e 3» pviragraphes 1 et 2 , l i r e : , Le co n jo in t de l ’ a f f i l i é , pour autant qu’ i l ne s o it pas lui-même a f f i l i e "1 au présent régim e, e t à l a co n d itio n - q u 'i l n ’ exerce pas d ’ a c t i v i t é p r o fe s s io n n e lle lu c r a t iv e , ou - au cas où i l exerce une t e l l e a c t i v i t é , qu’ i l s o it couvert p a r wn régime d ’ assurance-m aladie p u b lic e t que s o n - a c t iv it é p r o f e s s i o n e l l e n e '~>rme pas l i e u à des revenus annuels su p erieu rs au tra item en t de base annuel d ’ un fo n c tio n n a ire de grade B/4 au 3eme ^ du c o e f f ic i e n t c o r re c te u r f i x é pour l e pays dans le q u e l J® conooint exerce son a c t i v i t é p r o fe s s io n n e lle , avant deduction de 1 impôt, 2. 3) A l ' a r t i c l e 4 , i l e s t 4>uté un paragraphe 1 b is a in s i l i b e l l é : «1 b i s. Le fo n c tio n n a ire qui se tro u ve en congé de con ven ^ ce p e r s o n e l l e conformément à l ’ a r t i c l e 40 du s t a t u t e t qui rem plit pour e t re a f f i l i é le s con d itio n s posées au paragraphe 3 , deuxieme a lin e a , de c e t a r t i c l e ; " 4) A l ’ a r t i c l e 4» paragraphes 9 e t 10, l i r e : "9. Les anciens p r é s id e n ts , v i c e - p r ^ id e n ^ et m ^Lres de Haute A u to rité de l a Communauté européenne du charbon e t à e 1 a ^ e r , CommissioiBde l a Communauté économique européenne, de J » a u te européenne de l ’ én e rg ie atomique ou des Communautés e u r o p ^ n ^. \ „ ,.£ifr.T‘a-nìi. 1 ] F- raoTjtant maximum remboiu sa b le pour le s f r a i s remplacé par io ™ont,u.t de bPE 47 325. 6) Au poin^ V i l i , prem ier a lin é a , le montait maiimum remboursable pour le s f r a i e d 'a cco u ■ S e m e n t, en c a ¡ d'aooouohament normal, e s t remplacé par le montant de BPR 14 040 « - quatrièm e a lin é a , le montant maximum r e m b o u ^ b l e ^ u r le s f r a i s de sé jo u r ho s p i* r iie ,r e st remplacé pai- le mentant de BPR 2 85O. ' 7) a) Au point .IX , paragraphe 1 , le s "J'" accordée après a v is du m édecin -con seil du bureau liq u id a te u r sont supprimés. b) Au point IX, paragraphe 1 , U e s t a jo u té un deuxième a lin é a a in s i lib e llé î - T o u te fo is , le s tra ite m e n ts par ra^yons u lt r a ^ v io le t s , raj^ons in f r a r o u g e , u ltr a s o n s , h yd ro th éra p ie, p h y sio th éra p ie, massages m edicai«, m ec^oth ra n ie bain fan go , pédicure m édicale, lo gop éd ie, psychotherapie t r a i t a s a s s L î l a b l e s sont soumis à a u to risa tio n ^ p ré a la b le accordée après a v is du m éd ecin -con seil du bureau liq u id a te u r , a) a) Au p o in t X II, B, l e montant maximum remboursable pour f r a ^ d 'a c q u is it io n ' d“ i ° m ontar; í e lu n e tte s e s t remplacé par le montant de BFR 1 335. b) Au p oin t XEI, C, paragraphe 1 , l i r e : - 1 Les f r a i s d 'a c q u is it io n de v e rre s de con tact «o^t remboursés a^^ 80 1o lo rsq u ’ i l s sont p r e s c r it s par un médecin ophtalm ologis e. c ) _Au point X II, E , paragraphe 1 , l i r e ; L n t A 80 ÿ, avec u n . montant maximum remboursable de BPS 20 7^2. , ■ + vTT r nararrauhes 1 et 2, le montant maximum remboursable 1 : u ? T r ! i f d h c i i S l e réparaiion et Je - ^ - g l e m e n t d'un a p p a re il a u d it i f e s t remplacé par le montant de BER 59 d) Au p oin t X I I , i ' , l i r e ; "Les f r a i s d 'a c q u is it io n ou de lo c a tio n des a r t i c l e s et p r e s c r it s par uh médecin, a in s i que le s f r a i s Ï t ? S e s énumérés p o in ts 3 et 4 , sont rembourses a 80 %. T rvisiissures et sem elU’ S orthopédiques (2 p a ire s par période de d S ^ r r i s ) a v o ru n maximum remboursable de BFE 5 000 par p a ire de chaussu res. ...................... vT (s a n s changemeni;) T o u i e f o i s , uiie 6 . t o r i ü a t i o n p r é a l a b l e , a p r è s a v i s du m é d e c i n - c o n s e i l du b u r e a u l i q u i d a t e u r , e s t r e q u i s e pour l ' a c q u i s i t i o n de c h a u s s é e o r t h o p é d iq u e s e t d e s a r t i c l e s énumérés sub 4 c i - d e s s u s ; l a demande d ' a u t L i s a t i o n p r é a l a b l e p o u r l e s c h a u s s u r e s d e v r a e t r e accompagnée d 'u n d e v i s . " 9) Au p o i u t XIV, 16 n;ont„nt d« l ' i n d e i m i « pour frais'f u n é r a i r e s e s t rem placé p a r l e montant de BFB 60 000. A rtic le ' T 'a n n e x e 3 de l a r é g l e m e n t a t i o n r e l a t i v e à l a c o u v e r t u r e d e s r i s q u e s de m a la d ie L r f L c t L t m a i r e s d e s Commmmutés e u r o p é e n n e s , e t c o n c e rn a n t l e s p r a h e s e s d e n t a i r e s , e s t m o d i f i é e comme s u i t : An n re m ie r a l i n e a , l e barème d e s m ontants maxima r e m b o u r s a b le s _pour l e s f r a i s ~ de cert...;..noB p r o t h è s e s d e n t a i r e s e s t .-emplacé p? r l e barème s u i v a n t. " P r o t h è s e s m o b ile s D e n t i e r co m plet h a u t o u 'b a s ( 1 4 d e n t s , p la q u e r é s i i i e ) D e n t i e r p a r t i e l ( p la q u e r é s i n e ) - p la q u e b a s e - p ar dent - par croch et EPR 16 655 BPR BFR BPR 3 700 1 155 830" BPR BFR BPR 1 480 1 665 925" "R ép aratio n s - de l a b a s e - a d j o n c t i o n d 'u n e d e n t à p a r t i r de l a 2e d ent A rtic le 4 La p r é s e n t e r é g l e m e n t a t i o n e n t r e en v i g u e u r l e p r e m ie r j o u r du “ “ i j au c o u r s d u q u e l l e commun a c c o r d d e s i n s t i t u t i o n s a e t e c o n s t a t e P a r l e P r é s i d e n t d H a Cour de J u s t i c e d e s Communautés e u r o p é e n n e s. 1. Par l e t t r e s en d a t e du 26 mars e t du 5 tuai 1979^ M. Ch. TUGENDHAT, Membre de l a Comm ission d es Communautés e u r o p é e n n e s , a soum is à l ' a v i s du Com ité du S t a t u t l e p r o j e t de r é g l e m e n t a t i o n m entionné c i - d e s s u s. 2. Le Com ité du S t a t u t a ém is à l ' u n a n i m i t é , te n u e à Luxembourg l e 12 j u i l l e t au c o u r s de s a 58ème r é u n io n 1979» un a v i s f a v o r a b l e à ce p r o j e t de r é g l e m e n t a t i o n t e l q u ' i l r é s u l t e de s e s d é l i b é r a t i o n s. Ix/353/79/P PROJET DE REGLEMENTATION MODIFIANT LA REGLEMENTATION FIXANT LES CONDITIONS D'EMPLOI DES AGENTS LOCAUX EN SERVICE A TOKYO LA COMMISSION DES COMMUNAUTES EUROPEENNES, VU le Statut des fonctionnaires des Communautés européennes ainsi que le régime applicable aux autres agents des Communautés, fixés par le règlement (CEE, Euratom, CECA) n® 259/68 (l), modifié en dernier lieu par le règlement n® 3O 85/78 (2), et notamment l'article 79 du régime applicable aux autres agents, VU la réglementation du 24 juillet 1975 fixant les conditions d'emploi des agents locaux en service à Tokyo, modifiée en dernier lieu par la régle mentation du 9 juin 1978 , VU l'avis du Comité du Statut, APRES consultation du Comité du Personnel, CONSIDERANT qu'il apparaît nécessaire de réviser la rémunération en fonction de l'évolution des salaires constatés au Japon au cours de l'année 1978, ainsi que certains autres usaiges concernant la date de paiement desdits salaires et autres gratifications, CONSIDERANT qu'il paraît opportun de payer des prestations supplémentaires des chauffeurs sous forme d'un forfait et d'autoriser le Directeur général du personnel et de l'administration, sur proposition du Chef de la délégation, d'en fixer le montant et les modalités d'attribution, CONSIDERANT qu'il y a lieu d'habiliter le Membre de la Commission chargé jius particulièrement des questions de personnel et d'administration d'adapter les salaires et les avantages sociaux prévus dans la présente réglementation en s'inspirant des règlements et des usages locaux, A ARRETE LA PRESENTE REGLEMENTATION : (1) J.O. n® L 56 du 4 .3 .1968, p. 1. (2 ) J.O. n® L 369 du 29.12 .1978 , p. 6. - 2 - Ix /353/79/ p Article premier L ’article 10 de la réglementation fixant les conditions d ’emploi des agents l o c a m en service à Tokyo est modifié comme suit : - au 1er paragraphe, le deuxième alinéa est complété par la phrase suivante : "De même, et sauf autorisation spéciale du Chef de la Délégation, l ’agent local féminin ne peut être tenu d ’effectuer plus de deux heures supplémen taires par journée ouvrable au-delà de l ’horaire normal du travail.', - au 3ème paragraphe, les termes "177 heures" sont remplacés par les termes "173,33 heures", - un 6ème paragraphe est ajouté, libellé comme suit : "6. Les heures supplémentaires effectuées par les chauffeurs sont remboursées sous forme d ’une indemnité forfaitaire dont le montant et les modalités d ’atrribution sont fixés par le Directexir général du Personnel et de l'Administration s\ir proposition du Chef de la Délégation." Article 2 A l ’article 15» paragraphe 1er, premier alinéa de la réglementation, la dernière phrase est remplacée par la phrsise suivante : "Cette gratification est versée le 15 juin et le 15 décembre de chaque année en coiirs." Article 3 L ’article 15 de la réglementation est, avec effet au 1er janvier 1979» modifié comme suit ; a) au paragraphe 2 , les montants de 10 139 et 5 070 yen sont remplacés respec tivement par les montants de 10 528 et 5 265 yen, b) au paragraphe 3 , le montant de 10 528 yen, 10 139 yen est remplacé par le montant de c) au paragraphe 4» le montant de 6 338 yen est remplacé par le montant de 6 581 yen» d) au paragraphe 5» le montant de 2 535 yen est remplacé par le montant de 2 632 yen. Article 4 A l ’article 17 de la réglementation, la première phrase est remplacée par la phrase suivante : " L ’agent local est payé le 25 de chaque mois ou, le cas échéant, le dernier jour ouvrable précédant cette date." < 3 IX/353/79/P' Article 5 Le chapitre XII - Dispositions finales “ de la réglementation est complété par un article 32, libellé comme suit ; "Article 32 Le Membre de la Commission, chargé plus particulièrement des questions de personnel et d 'administrâtion,_ ou, en c a s d'em pêchem ent de ce d e r n i e r , l e Membre de l a Commission a p p e l é , s e l o n l e s r è g l e s I n t e r n e s de c e t t e I n s t i t u t i o n , à e x e r c e r f o n c t i ons, e s t a u t o r i s é à a d a p t e r l e s s a l a i r e s e t l e s a v a n t a g e s s o c i a u x p r é v u s ^dans^la ^ p r é s e n t e r é g l e m e n t a t i o n , f i x é s s u r l a b a s e de l a r é g l e m e n t a t i o n e t d e s usage? Article 6 au l i e u d ' a f f e c t a t i o n. Le barème des salaires mensuels de base, figurant à l'annexe II de laréglementation, est, avec effet au 1er janvier 1979» remplacé par le barème suivant ; - C \l IT N VO CO OO f~< co CÜ r —< 00 ■ tt. \ S \ 'C i o rO r— co r - o -C f co VO rH C rv <NJ a ) C »v co o UN rH rH VO rH c— ON r—H co crv rH CM O CM r o CM rH rH CM VO rH CM rH CM CM UN CM evi PO •V i CM • PO o PO <NJ o PO CTv VO PO UN •«i PO CM CTV PO CM PO o UN rH co rg CM UN UN PO rH vi.:^ CTV CTV VO UN UN p rH rH co p - <X> 00 PO PO UN CM CVJ VO CM r-VO evi rH p CM VO UN CVJ rg ) o (N J r> i-N Vs\ c r~ ON f—♦ rH co IT N • o rH CNJ LTV LTN ro rH CTv CM CM CO CM VO rH c o v o CO pp> o 00 VO CTv P O v CVJ r-o CM CM rH CM r— iH CM CM CM CM c CM CM rH PO CM VO co CM O i-H rH • rH CM CM -« Ì r - K jp O n • VO PO CM CO VO rH • CM PO PO •«¡r • CM CM OO CTv VO • CM ir s CM o CVJ VO co « ir v rH CM • VO CM CM o v iVO. o rH UN o o rO LTV rO rH VO ro o r UN rH • VO C Jv rO CTv VO CM OO ir v • X JrH ■VT rH p - < o rO o o co co O CM VO CM tr v Q vZ5 s r rH rH p~ • VO Q UN « i CM OV • UN rH UN o v CM VO • CTv OO ir v cg CM CO UN x r V ^ 1^ H J o o V Qj u k j ro rO C Jv • VO 00 ro K i rH CT \ VO • rH ro p Cg CM • CM 3 ; • O H. • ir PO V b O J rO UN • OO o UN c— • CM UN 'ì T • ir v O co CM • rO VO ■va- o v r— • PO CM ■M- r~ S co • P^ r - PO PO • ■vi00 =}■ co Q O • PO PO p cg <\j • CM PO • rH UN o OO CTv •vr • r (T v •V i VO VO OO « ■«cr OV '<dCTV CO • IT S o ir s CM CTv • u~v rH IT S PO tr v • VO CM tr v CM 00 OV • VO PO ir v rH rH ir v • C~ •sr UN (T V PO O • CO UN tr v O tr v • OO VO ir v o • CTV P~ tr v ÇS iO rH • ir v CM UN so UN rH • Ç ) UN co VO • o o rH VÓ VO UN PO rH CM • rH CM VO p • rH co VO o N J k i > • V .^ k i C U % X X U r v. N * Ö - H r O k ■ H IX /35y79/F - 5 - A rtic le 7 La p r é s e n t e r é g l e m e n t a t i o n e n t r e en v i g u e u r l e la q u e lle e l l e est arrêtée pa r l a Com m ission. 2. C e t t e p r o p o s i t i o n mise au v o t e a é t é a d o p té e p a r 12 v o i x. Q u a tre r e p r é s e n t a n t s d es C o m ité s du P e r s o n n e l se s o n t a b s t e n u s , le s rep résen tan ts d es C o m ité s du P e r s o n n e l du C o n s e i l e t du Com ité économique e t s o c i a l m o tiv a n t l e u r a b s t e n t i o n p a r l e f a i t que l e u r Comité du P e r s o n n e l n ' a pas é t é c o n s u l t é s u r ce p o i n t , 5. En c o n sé q u e n c e , l e Com ité du S t a t u t a é m is , l e 12 j u i l l e t 1979» un a v i s f a v o r a b l e au p r o j e t de d é c i s i o n mentionné c i - d e s s u s t e l q u ' i l r é s u l t e de s e s d é l i b é r a t i o n s. A.
github_open_source_100_8_20225	Github OpenSource	Various open source	Monday night: Mainly clear with a low 40°—45°. Tuesday: Partly sunny with a high near 75°. Inside Scoop ¥Dietrich Jells celebrates pre- maturely in Pitt’s 47-41 loss to WVU. See page 10. News °Homecoming comes alive in photo essay. See page 8. °Columnist defends media in O.J. Simpson trial. See page 7. F .Y.I. -The Women’s Studies Program is hosting guest speaker Carol Bohmer, Associate Professor for The Graduate School of Public and International Affairs today in Forbes Quad 3J12,. GSPIA Lounge at 12. The lecture topic is “Professional Sexual Exploitation.” °The Student Government Board will be having a meet- ing tonight, in the William Pitt Union 639 at 7:30. -There is a clothing and jew- elry sale today in the lower level of the WPU from 8:30- 7. Credit card applications will also be available. -Alpha Epsilon Phi is spon- soring an alcohol awareness seminar today in the lower level of the WPU from 10:30- 3. °Panther Ballroom Dance Co. will be holding instructions tonight in WPU Assembly Room from 6:30-10. °Students for Life will be hav- ing a meeting tonight in WPU 527. from 8:30-9:30. -BiGALA will be holding a meeting tonight in WPU 609 from 7-9230. -Bridge classes will be held tonight in the dining area of the WPU from 8-10. Volume LXXXIX, Issue 38 University of Pittsburgh The Pitt News Monday, October 17, 1994 Sexual assault allegations reported By Mark Gordon News Assistant A Pitt student, 19, has told police she was sexually assaulted at a fraternity party by a gang of males who charged into a bathroom after she was involved in intimate relations with anoth- er man. Despite her complaints, no criminal charges have been filed because, Pitt Public Safety Director Rick Boyd said, Public Safety has run into identification prob- lems. 'The victim told police while at a party at the Phi Gamma Delta (FIJI) house on Sept. 10, she consented to have sex with one individ- ual. While still in the bath- room, a group of males entered and began to fondle her breasts and genitals and rubbed their penises against her body. This infor- mation was confirmed by Leon Haley, vice chancel- lor for student and public affairs. “Our understanding is that the incident is being investigated, and I will be talking with the judicial board director to determine what happens next,” Haley said. FIJI fraternity President Chris Nolan and Interfraternity Council President Brian Rifkin each said they had no comment on the incident. However, Alpha Epsilon Phi President Megan Fackler confirmed Nolan spoke about the inci- dent at last week’s Panhellenic Association meeting. Fackler also confirmed that Nolan said at the meeting that despite what The Pitt News or any other campus organization says, at no time was there any crime or wrongdoing at the fraternity house, and the university is \ \ \\\— \ Elizabeth Mania and Greg Simunick are crowned Homecoming ’94 Queen and King at halftime by Chancellor O’Connor. University celebrates homecoming By Christine Hanna _and Stephanie ‘Wright The Pitt News Vitale. Pitt’s royalty is crowned Elizabeth Mania and -Greg Simunick were Crowning of royalty, bright colorful colors exploding in the sky, the start of the college basketball season and a wild football game highlighted Pitt’s homecoming weekend. Many students and administrators became involved in a variety of activities that ranged from rolling kegs to being a celebrity in Pitt- Tac-Toe to impersonating ESPN’s Dick crowned king and queen during halftime of Saturday’s game against West Virginia. “It’s really heart—warming to know you have so many friends supporting you, and it offers one more fond memory to look back upon when reminiscing about my days at Pitt,” Simunick said. “I was really proud to be able to bring the crown back to my brothers at °Crowning, page 5 Matt Serlin/Staff Photographer Faculty member challenges O'Connor By Kathleen Scanlon Senior Staff Writer A Pitt faculty member said she wants the chancellor to stake his career on the importance of the universi- ty’s involvement in a tele- scope project in Chile. If Pitt Chancellor J. Dennis O’Connor can say “‘this is the single most important priority in this university and I stake my chancellorship on it and if it fails, I fail also,”’ only then should Pitt invest the required $8 million in the project, said Maureen McClure. McClure made these remarks Friday during the Senate Budget Policies Committee meeting, where members also said that rec- ommendations to spend only 1 percent of the university’s total budget on maintenance, is not enough. O’Connor has said that Pitt’s involvement in the Magellan Project, the con- struction of a six-and-a-half meter telescope in Chile, would make the university more competitive. It would give Pitt’s astronomers guar- anteed telescope time that would vault the university to 0Budget, page 5 dent of CWO. not taking sanctions against the fraternity. Boyd said more than one fraternity was likely involved in the assault, but the investi- gation was halted by uncoop- erative fraternity members. “The fraternities were less than cooperative in giving us information." Boyd said. “According-to the investigat- ing officer who worked the case. many questions were not answered and many phone calls were not returned.” ‘According to Sigma Chi President Andy Demming. the party that night was a °Assault, page 5 Campus reacts to alleged assault By Kathleen Scanlon Senior Staff Writer One in four women is sex- ually assaulted. Many of these assaults are never reported, according to the co- president of the Campus Women’s Organization. One Pitt student accused several males of sexually assaulting her at a fraternity party on Sept. 10; “We admire her courage to come forward and to say that this happened to her,” said Stephanie Sudzina, co—presi— “CWO is going to be standing behind this brave woman because it’s wonderful that these assaults are being reported.” On campuses across the country, “gang assaults are taking place and they tend to take place more often in fraternities and athletic groups,” said Mary Koch Ruiz, Pitt’s sexual assault services coordinator. From 1980 to 1990,55 per- cent of gang rapes were com- mitted by fraternity mem- bers. 40 percent by members of team sports and 5 percent by men who didn’t belong to any kind of organization. according to “Sexual Assault on Campus.” a book by Carol Bohmer from Pitt and, Andrea Parrot of Cornell. According to Ruiz, the book says gang rapes often occur where males live together and where alcohol °Reacti0n, page 4 -News In Brief... International NEW YORK —— The U.N. Security Council is demand- ing that Iraq pull back its elite troops from the Kuwaiti border area and barred any new threat to the emirate. The vote late Saturday night on the U.S.-drafted resolution was a unanimous 15-0. Russia supported the measure after U.S. officials agreed to some amendments following a day of tortuous deliberations. The resolution condemns lraq’s recent military move- ments toward Kuwait and demands the immediate with- drawal of elite Revolutionary Guard units to their original positions. — Reuters BONN, Germany — Germany’s general election’ remained a cliffhanger to the end on Sunday, with com- puter projections forecasting a razor-thin majority victory for Chancellor Helmut Kohl’s center—right coalition. German public broadcaster, ARD, saw the race standing at 48.9 percent for Kohl’s coalition and 48 percent for the opposition Social Democrats, Greens and reform communist Party of Democratic Socialism. - Reuters WASHINGTON - Secretary of State Warren Christopher said Sunday the United States has an unusual- ly good opportunity to reach an agreement with North Korea on nuclear weapons within the next few days. Despite Christopher’s opti- mism, Sunday’s session ended with no progress reported. Senior officials from North Korea and the United States unexpectedly resumed talks in Geneva Sunday. Christopher said the aim of U.S. negotia- tors was to prevent Pyongyang from building a nuclear arsenal but stopped short of saying the Americans hoped to disarm any existing nuclear bombs in North Korea. — Reuters PORT-AU-PRINCE, Haiti — Haitian President Jean- Bertrand Aristide kept a low profile Sundayafter the cele- brations of his return from exile, and struggled to begin governing a shattered nation from a presidential palace with hardly a working phone. The calm surrounding the National Palace where Aristide spent his first night back in Haiti in three years was mirrored in the capital streets, which had resounded the day before with joyous celebrations of his return from exile. — Reuters National BEIJING — U.S. Defense Secretary William Perry arrived in Beijing on Sunday hoping to renew “warm” ties with China’s military, but pledging also to raise issues such as human rights and Beijing’s nuclear testing. Perry is the first U.S. defense chief to visit since 1989, when Washington froze a wide range of military ties after Beijing used the People’s Liberation Army to rush pro-democracy demon- strations with heavy loss of I life. , Aboard a flight from Kuwait, Perry spoke cautious- ly of his China agenda, telling reporters that while ties with such an influential country were important they could not be separated from broader political realities. — Reuters (Compiled by Melanie Stawicki) The Pitt News, Monday, October 17, 1994 (Brian Tobin is an Information Science major and a guest columnist for The Pitt News.) E—mail. That wondrous form of split second com- munication that links you with all your far away chums. I know what you’re thinking, “I’m bored talking to my buddy at Cal State — Santa Cruz about their “president@whitehouse.com ” or “vice-president@white- house.com.” I’m not guaran- teeing they will actually answer or even read the e- mail, but it’s a chance to voice your opinion to the big boys on—line. If you would like to voice your opinion to a closer—to— heart person, try Chancellor J. Dennis O’Connor’s office at vsr3+ @pitt.edu. mascot the g One of the Fighting more inter- B a n a n a e s t 1 n g S 1 u g s . . addresses to There must e e-mail on the be more!” net is the More is an understaw II erne ment. E-mail is a great way to communicate with people you don’t know or peo- ple whom you’d like to know. For instance, the president and the vice pres- ident of the United States are e-mailable. (And you thought our government was hard to contact!) They both are available instantly via e- mail. _ In your e-mail program, simply type in Oracle. The Oracle is a place that your question, answers any question. (The Net’s version of Telefact, I guess.) In your return, you will get a question from someone else looking for answers. Having asked a question, you will receive someone else’s so give them a good answer. The Oracle is totally anony- mous, and the person élnternet, page 4 Corrections; The Pitt News encourages its readers to notify the paper of any errors in stories or photographic descriptions. Please use the address and/or phone numbers listed on the Opinions page. 1 Lin: 0clnba'I7,l994;atulableonlywbI1e . 5“ ~ < - - 1-.‘.' 414 H,,“‘ .: \ . MA(iN\' 5?zrt£air;¢'2?esourceSet minded _ _ . Not only is the world's fastest Macintosh computer available at special low student prices, but now it includes a student software set available only from Apple. For a limited time, buy a select Power Macintosh" and you get software that helps you through every aspect of writing papers, a personal organizer/calendar created for your student lifestyle and the Internet Com- panion to help you tap into on-line research resources. Plus you'll get ClarisWorks, an integrated We’Ve justdeveloped away to make Power Macintosh even more A (Buy one now, and we’ll throw in all this software to help you power through college.) A Power Macintosh 7100/his 3/250 Macintosb Color Dzsolay, Aopleﬂesrgn" Keyboard and mouse. package with a word processor, database, spreadsheet and more. Buy a select Power Mac” with CD—ROM, and you’ll also get a multimedia library of essential reference tools. It all comes with Power Macintosh — the computer that grows with you from college to the professional world. And now, with an Apple Computer Loan, it's easier than ever to own one. It’s the power every student needs. The power to be your best.‘ "I 1' I '1 Computer, Inc. All rigbtr mwrud. Amie, Ilxntople logo, Macintosh and “lbepouvr Io beytur barren rcgislmdlradzmarks of4aple campy/er, lm; ' pow, Macandpauw man”, an “hm” day‘ powerful. Apple‘ ..'QK.r The Pitt News, Monday, October 17, 1994 By Eric Owens For The Pitt News Imagine coming home from work and finding your parents have locked you out of your house and have left your belongings outside. Or imagine your father threatening to kill you. Some members of the Bisexual, Gay and Lesbian Alliance can not only imagine it, but have lived it. The group held a meeting Wednesday night for members to discuss their experiences telling others about their homosexuality, or have “come out.” The discussion was held in recognition There will deﬁ- nitely be a news writers meeting this of National Coming Out Day, a day for gay people to “unite and make their presence known, and through this unity encourage others to come out,” said Michelle Wirth, education chair of BiGALA. Most who took part in the discussion said that telling their families was the hardest part of the process, and some said their parents reacted with anger. Wirth said telling her parents she was gay was very difficult. She said she realized she was gay when she was about 14 years old, but didn’t tell her mother until she was 18. Her father was outraged when he found out. 20% off ateyeﬁque As a student, or member of the faculty or staff, you and your immediate family are entitled to 20% off at Pittsburgns most unique optical store, Squirrel Hill Eyetique! Just bring in the coupon and “My dad came home drunk one night, because he’s an alcoholic, and he let loose,” Wirth said. “He said things that he didn’t have the guts to say when he was sober. He said he wanted to kill me, which wasn’t an idle threat. He car- ries a gun every day and is a fourth- degree black belt. This man wanted to kill me because I’m gay. He’s my father and he wanted to kill me." Wirth said her father’s rage was so severe she was going to call the police, but found her sister on the phone, already calling them. She discovered later her father had been so loud in his threats, 11 other families in her neigh- of all types! 3 BiGALA members exchange stories about ’coming out’ borhood also phoned police that night. Bill Gray, BiGALA’s business man- ager, also recounted a difficult story about his own coming-out process. He said he came out to a number of people on campus, but tried to avoid telling his parents. “I went home for the summer think-I ing that I could just jump back into that closet,” said Gray. “I didn’t want to deal with my parents.” After being home for awhile, he real- ized it wouldn’t be that easy. “My brother had bleached his hair, and I was just joking around. I said, °BiGALA, page 6 Paramount Parks is holding auditions to cast the upcoming 1995 show season at Paramount's Kings Island in Cincinnati, Ohio! 1995 will feature contemporary dance and music revues, costume character shows, roving bands, vocal groups and a comedic/improvisational actor program featuring popular Star Trek® aliens. We need experienced singers, dancers, actors, costume character performers, instrumentalists, technicians and variety performers For more information write or call: you’ll receive 20% off anything in the store! Paramount's Kings Island 6300 Kings Island Drive Kings Island, Ohio 45034 513.573.5740 Wednes- day at 5 PITTSBURGH, PA 0 ln Saturday, October 29, 1994 Point Park College WP H I 4:00-8:00 Singers, Actors, Technicians, e Instrumentalists, Variety Performers 7:00-8:00 Dancers UDITIONS TM I: O 1994 Paramount Parks Inc. 0 and O 1994 Paramount Pictures. Star Trek is a registered trademark of Paramount Pictures. All Rights Reserved. .. was I I I -.\ \.-. .- \ \ 43 § et..§at.¢j;..«ﬁa t.~.:t., ax gt ~ \ I . ._ _ \ X A * . . \\ - \ ~ ‘T (at gt‘ \~.>'\§§ €\‘35 tﬁ”, -~.-- s W . $ " \-gs, \..\ ;; i .. \‘ _ ., .~ H .3; \ , . , i _ . '1») -);»o. ‘V5: 0% \,_\ rrrrrrriirrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrv rr VFf\|"\|'T\|”-‘Hi’ rrrrrrrrrrtirrrr I’ Live in historic Greenwich Village 0 Special summer housing rates for as little as $100 per six-week session 0 Over 1,000 undergraduate and graduate courses For a free .1995 Summer Bulletin, WWW m® I-ﬂﬂﬂ-77HNtl\|,exl.l3ﬂ. Summer New York University Please send me a free 1995 Summer Bulletin. Office of Summer Sessions P.O. Box 2442 New York, NY. N,t,\.1E 10117-1335 VAVIIIERESS Session I: May _June CITY STATE ZIP CODE Session II: so7,j3éc. No. New York University is an aﬂinnative action/equal opportunity institution. 131 July 5-August 15 ITV.'l! xi» v‘\-,I\\3I‘tV(I\I',V‘ w vv . . .,1 . .-4-'a « .- - . 1' . , ' ‘ ‘ _ > _ _ . . . . ’ < . ~ _ ‘ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ' _ _ ' _ _ ‘ _ _ _ ’ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ‘ _ _ _ _ _, __ _ _ _ _L\\|_,§“I_"t__‘,"_,-\_\, ‘_,\|_t“II__~‘_,b,_Y_l.,(‘ at-'_t\o . .... J Q a'«'o‘t :3. vi‘. 4 Reaction °From page I and peer pressure prevail. But the assailants usually stick together and do not cooperate with police by providing information. This makes gang rape very difficult to prove. Allegations of gang assaults often result in no arrests, which can produce a “we can get away with it” attitude, Ruiz said. “That’s the frighten- “If these allegations are found to be true CWO expects a proper punishment not a slap on the wrist,” Sudzina said. CWO trusts Public Safety’s investigation, she said. Pitt students should also “be confi- dent in the university and know that this kind of behavior will not be tolerated on this cam- 73 P118. Pitt should ing aspect,” she said. “If the university does I10t take pressure fraternity “If no charges are leaders to make brought against the fra- the allegations seriously, then their members more ternity, then this type of responsible for their thing will keep going the fraternity will not take their behavior, Ruiz said. on.” The leaders can On other campuses, actions that night seriously —- educate their mem- many fraternities that have been charged with and that scares me.” gang sexual assault have been punished with social probation, community service — Mary Koch Ruiz,'sexual bers in a variety of ways. “It needs to happen,” she said. The allega- tions should serve assault service coordinator as a “reality check” for women on cam- and/or the revoking of their charter. Ruiz said she believes these punishments are appropriate, but primarily, if members of the fraternity are found guilty of sexual assault, they should be made to feel responsi- ble for their behavior. “If the university does not take the allega- tions seriously, then the fraternity will not take their actions that night seriously — and that scares me,” Ruiz said. pus, Sudzina said. Ruiz said, “I hope that it opens their eyes that this type of thing does happen and that they don’t believe that they are immune from sexual assault or rape. Because it could hap- pen to them.” President of the Panhellenic Association Kelly Reddy declined to comment on the alle- gations because no formal charges have been made. 1‘ .2‘; I Elizabeth Barker Erin Belotti Tonia Chirieleison Leslie Davey Traci DePaul Jennifer Evanoski Elizabeth Fox Shannon Gahagan Joanna Godlewski Amy Hay Kappa Delta proudly announces at 3 our newest pledges Kristin Heuchert Erin Hindes V Jill Jeffers Ann Kawatsky Erica Kozuch Suzanne Kuriger Kimberly Kuzior V Lara Nagy Tiffany Rose Jen Warner iI-- STUDENT GVERN MEN T Student Government Board OPEN FORUM QUESTIONS - PROBLEMS — CONCERNS about STUDENT LIFE? COME TO SGB'S OPEN FORUM MONDAY, OCT. 17 AT 5 PM IN 639 WPU Sponsored by the SGB PRESIDENT FOR A DAY and the STUDENT GOVERNMENT BOARD paid for by your student activities fee The Pitt News, Monday, October 17, 1994 Internet °Fr0m page 2 answering your question won’t know who you are unless you state your e-mail address in the question. E- mail your question to oracle @cs.indiana.edu anonymous feature. Many of you have been e- mailing me on the David Letterman News and Top Ten list, well here it is. E- mail to barnhart@mcs.com with “subscribe” with the words “tell me” in the subject. The text of the E-mail should be your question. Speaking of anonymous e- mail, it’s quite easily done. To get your very own V anonymous e-mail both in the title and in the body of the e-mail for the Late News. This is a service sent to you about every week. It is called a list- serve. For more entertainment address (you can use it to keep your real identity unknown when both sending and receiv- ing e-mail), simply e-mail to ping@anon.penet.fi with no title, just send the e-mail. The system will automatical- lyi assign you an anonymous e- mail address. If you are still confused as to how this works, e-mail help@anon.penet.ﬁ and get the full help sheet on this of this type, the best way to find out who and what is available on the Net (not only with e-mail but many other services) is to take some time out of your day, sit in front of a computer and just play. You can’t screw things up. ‘R All you will do is find out the many fun and interesting fea- tures available on the Net. Talk to you soon. “Vv‘v‘ <v‘w<-vwwva T we M -vr—-u—~ —_~ As RLWAYS ,, , wmsﬁev Nut... 45 Lila-KE:S 5 L+uLKt-ml“ t-wmns. MIME A ENE WHVSKE , "4 'l>Im<‘s ’ .___.’_____‘, KKA Ilalltl SM‘\'LLWiN SI’. ‘FBRA R-IMO ’lT\ME [ML- 1 :2tc't<‘ 7'» Wt M9 nuiftzkr <3 siizefek mum :5: BRAND PRIME. : Ni t>Et‘rKER ism wB.nAK1> (aunRr§sY ' ii-\EA>Bt:\t\t<b-smrrnswz)‘ —-Nzvek A Lb.VER‘."‘ 9719555 Four week workshops: under pressure. UNDER PRESSURE? Wednesdays beginning Oct. 19, 4-5:15 p.m. Tuesdays beginning'Nov. 1, 6-7 :15 p.m. Do you feel stressed with schoolwork, resumes, roommates, parents, or relationships? An overwhelming amount of stress causes headaches, backaches, weight gain orloss, and stomach ulcers. These problems could benefit from stress reducing techniques provided through our Stress Management Workshops. Sign up at or call the Health Education Office at 383-1830 right now - so you won’t crack I 1 The Pitt News, Monday, October 17, 1994 Crowning -From page 1 _ Sigma Chi for yet another.” Mania also said she was proud to represent the universi- ty and her sisters of Chi Omega. “I’d just like to thank everybody for all of their sup- port and commend the Pitt Program Council on a wonder- ful weekend.” The event was sponsored by the Pitt Program Council. Take Cavalla for the win Bigelow lawn was decorated in Hollywood Squares-style for Pitt-Tac—Toe, sponsored by PPC, which kicked off home- coming week Wednesday. Eight administrators includ- ing Leon Haley, vice chancellor for student and public affairs; John DeVitto, associate vice chancellor for business and ﬁnance; and Joe Cavalla, direc- tor of student activities, answered multiple choice ques- tions about the university. The ninth position was filled by Pitt’s mascot Roc, who only answered true or false ques- tions. The administrators did not merely answer questions: they also joked around and playfully harassed one another. Two contestants competed for a free spring break trip in Panama Beach City. Contestants were selected inter- views that tested their knowl- edge of the university. Hayes Davis won the game and the trip, while Wendy Wiley received two homecom- ing cruise tickets. Roll the keg The Cathedral of Learning lawn was turned into an obsta- cle course on Friday for Pitt’s Keg Roll, sponsored by PPC. Chancellor - J. Dennis O’Connor, basketball head coach Ralph Willard and Haley kicked off the event by rolling» an empty keg across the finish line with a broom. Haley said he enjoys partici- pating in activities like this, because it brings the adminis- trators and the students closer together. He added that if he had worn his old clothes, he would have competed in the egg toss. “I used to be pretty good at it.” Six teams of four competed for three medals in single elim- ination. The obstacle course consist- ed of rolling the empty keg, shaving someone’s face with a tongue depressor, an egg toss and Dizzy Izzy. Three teams representing Phi Sigma Pi took all three medals. Madness at the Field House Students, administrators and a few Pittsburgh Steelers came out to win prizes and see the °Crowning, page 6 We’ve Got Your Number! for as little as Wear your Ba1§O1Lé1: OCOo}1ae1g1em§1ing ‘C dit authorization approval neceifsaxy or yment an. 1. an} t ﬁonthly paymenpurc 0:9‘; price 0 UT T B cLE%Er%‘§8 pm% AFrSi-Snrr COUNT FOR PREPAID 320 DIS ORDERS for as little as ,® Undergraduate majors in linguistics and any Monday’ Qctober 17 & 00° undergraduates interested in linguistics are invited to a 30 Tuesday, October 18 O6 pizza lunch with the faculty in the linguistics 60 ' 1 -41)-I11 9° department on Tuesday, October 18 at 12:00 noon in" $9 . . '® room 2809 CL. 1.‘ . . . _ . . . . _ . _ . . . _ -.$25Dep.o.s.1t.Req,u1xed..... f; L varies en 00 I a month Balfour has an afford- able, easy and conven- ient way to wear your college ring and take the time you need to pay for it. Style, selection, quality, value and now easy payment plans!* See your Balfour Repre- sentative for details. Balfour. upon to Budget °From page 1 the forefront of astrophysics research. The physics department has also passed a resolution stating the telescope project is one of its high priorities. But to invest in the project “when millions of dollars should be spent on cleaning up classrooms for under- grads, instead of sending it off to Chile, is [to me] the height of irresponsibility,” McClure said. Pitt should “take care” of undergrads in Oakland before investing in the project in Chile, she said. O’Connor has committed $1 million to refurbish class- rooms every year, said Phillip Wion, chair of the Senate Budget Policies Committee. J But members of the com- mittee said they did not believe that the University Planning and Budget Committee’s recommenda- tion to spend 1 percent of the total budget on maintenance would meet all of the univer- sity’s needs, including the need to refurbish classrooms. Members agreed to write a resolution expressing to the UPBC that the amount of the total budget spent should be at least 4 to 6 percent. If the university only spends 1 percent of the total budget on maintenance, it would take a hundred years to complete maintenance projects that are needed now, said committee member Prem Prakash. L “When you talk about com- puters and labs, I cannot believe that 1 percent would even make a dent,” he said. Maintenance needs also include paving, lighting and renovating varsity and intra- mural sports facilities, Wion said. “Pitt has deferred main- tenance for so long, and the longer it’s deferred, the more serious the problems get.” “Yeah, and [Pitt’s] responding by sending money for a telescope and stadium,” McClure said. Pitt plans to begin renovation on stadium facilities in the next five years. In other business, some committee members ques- tioned the usefulness of the university’s long-range acad- emic plan. The academic plan maps out the universi- ty’s goals and suggestions for improving various depart- ments. “But strategic planning without budgeting is irrele- vant,” McClure said. In the next six months, the university will translate the academic plan into budget decisions, Wion said. The academic plan is full of good ideas for the univer- sity, but making these ideas a reality will cost, so they probably all won’t get done, Dixit said. The long-range plan includes improving the library system and “[creat— ing] an annual fund for the improvement of undergradu- ate education,” among many other suggestions. These goals were listed in a draft copy of “Toward the 21st Century — Missions, Goals, Strategies and Evaluation,” released by the provost’s office. The long-range academic plan “is the product of the first year of a three-year planning exercise,” said Pitt Provost James Maher in a telephone interview. “During the coming year, we will get into the details of budgets and realistic expectations,” he said. The long-range plan will be presented Oct. 21 at the board of trustees meeting in the William Pitt Union Assembly Room. The meet- ing will be open to the pub— I lie. In other business, Wion announced that the chancel- lor has formerly approved the faculty pay raise that has been in effect since it was proposed to the Senate Council a year ago. Also, CGS has appointed Saundra Yanchak as a student member of the committee. Assault °From page 1 “I think [the allegations] are extremely combine between FIJI, Delta Tau Delta and Sigma Chi. Demming said he disagreed with Boyd on cooperating with the investigation. “My chapter provided complete coopera- tion with the incident,” Demming said. “I know that FIJI and Delta Tau Delta did as well.’’ Greek Advisor Kerry Daley said that she also fully cooperated with the investigation by providing police with full composites of the fraternity members. Boyd said the composites were yearbook pictures, and he added a guest log that is to be kept was never received by Public Safety because it was lost. , Daley said the fraternities were not responsible for the guest log. , “It was not FIJI’s responsibility for the list. The IFC’s social monitor misplaced it,” Daley said. Sexual Assault Services Coordinator Mary Koch Ruiz said she is very concerned about the allegations. “I think that it’s frightening that the fraternities can engage in this sort of behavior,” Ruiz said. I'--""""_"-"""""——-"'--"'1 T . ., @ '0? Department of Linguistics fa” Se1'V1Ce5 ' 0 .. M. V I CSC rgz Plzza Lunch Sé.‘ lSaAttom:}II1aIt La»: ___.____.;_.____.__ serious, and based on those, some action should be taken against the fraternity to ensure that this does not happen again.” Campus Women’s Organization Co- President Stephanie Sudzina said if the alle- gations are true, CWO expects a proper pun- ishment. “CWO backs that we will not allow this kind of behavior on campus,” Sudzina said. Through Public Safety’s investigation, underage drinking allegedly took place at the party, according to Haley. A “Underagedrinking was also part of the allegations in this particular incident,” said Haley. “Once it goes through the judicial process, we are free to take sanctions.” Boyd said he is not optimistic any arrests will come soon, but the investigation is still open. “The investigation will remain an open case file as long as it remains a possibility that we can identify any persons responsi- ble,” Boyd said. ' (Senior Staff Writer Kathleen Scanlon con- tributed to this story. ) ’ Immigration 261 0 5366 ~‘‘‘& 5 The Pitt News, Monday, October 17, 1994 BiGALA °From page 3 ‘Are you a homosexual?’ My mom told me I better not be, and I told her I was.” Gray said he left for work after the/conversation and came home to find “a locked door with a note on it and some of my stuff outside. [The note accepting when she told them. Mehan, whose brother and uncle are also gay, said she knew she was gay her entire life and had planned to tell her parents after she began college. She told them by writing a letter and leaving it under their pillow, and the news came as a should know what she’s loving.” Wirth said she had wanted to tell her grandmother in person, but her mom brought it up during a phone con- versation. “I really don’t care,” Wirth recalled her grandmother saying. “She’s my granddaughter and I said] they didn’t want me around the chil- “I can't imagine W110 Pd be. I dOI1’t kIl0W h0W I love her. I just wish she would call me.” dren anymore. That’s pretty much it with my Gray said he was speaking to a parents. Those people, I don’teven consider WOl.lld act 01‘ be 01‘ 100k I wasn’t gay. I d0Il’t Freshman Studies class last week when them my family anymore.” Co-President Chrissy Koch said her moth- want to think about that because I like the way I er hasn’t been as straightforward in her han- dling of Koch’s coming out. “I wish my mom would either disown me or accept me. It would make me feel better,” was that last PICCC that made me what I WEIS.” she said. “She’s so back and forth. She doesn’t want to disown her only daughter, but she doesn’t want to accept that I’m gay.” one student came out to the class. “I focused the discussion on myself - and personal coming-out experiences — am. I’m very happy with the person that I am. It how some people discriminated against me and some didn’t. One man in the back of the room asked me, ‘Why come out?’ Another man in the front said, ‘So we can — Chrissy Koch, BiGALA co-president get a date.’ No one in the class knew he was gay, so I let this man sit in front with Koch said she was 19 when she came out. “I struggled with the fact that I was an outsider and didn’t know why. I’d been thinking about it for four months. Then I started coming to BiGALA meetings and got involved in the group. After that I came out to my family.” Not everyone who took part in the discussion had bad experiences coming out. BiGALA member Kim Mehan said her parents were relief to her parents. “They knew I was gay,” she said, “but I never told them.’’ , . ., Wirth said she was surprised when she told her grandmother. “I had wanted to tell her for a year,” she said. “I know my grandmother is a bigot; it’s the way she was raised. She’s had no mind-expanding opportu- nities. I didn’t care. She says she loves me, then she nniguit itsiaf. e We Play it I Introducing three new ADVANCED DUNGEONS 81 “‘”“=”:~+ interactive audio adventure CD5. Whether you have played MYSTARA'“KARAMEIKOS'”: Kingdom of Adventure or know your way around the AD&D® system, you’ll be blown away in 60 minutes of digital sound Z track bliss! In Hail the Heroes, your characters ' race against time to unearth a wonderous relic guarded by ancient evils! 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UI DRAGONS® Icon». u o v n a n n v u c n a t u 1 are me and tell his story to the group.” - Koch said that during a discussion with a Freshman Studies class, she was asked if she would change the fact that she was gay if she could. “I couldn’t imagine who I’d be,” she said. “I don’t know how I would act or be or look like if I wasn’t gay. I don’t want to think about that because I like the way I am. I’m very happy with the person that I am. It was that last piece that made me what I was.” Crowning- °From page 5 first glimpse of the Pitt men’s and women’s basketball teams at Midnight Madness Friday night at the Fitzgerald Field House. Steelers wide receiver Ernie Mills said, “[Midnight Madness] is great. It reminds me of my college days at the University of Florida.” Students participated by impersonating Panther Paul and Dick Vitale as well as shooting for dollars. Kirk Bruce, the women’s basketball head coach, said, “I hope we can encourage the students to come to all the If the students can walk all the way up the hill for this, they sure the heck can come up here for ladies basketball too.” According to Willard, the turnout was fantastic. “‘I want to thank each and everyone. We need that spirit,” he said. “[The team] will play with pride and enthusiasm to represent you.” "One life to live Two soap opera stars from ABC’s “One Life to Live” came to Pitt Saturday to sign autographs at a tailgate party before Saturday’s game and presented a $1,000 check after drawing a student’s name at halftime. Susan Haskell, who plays Marty Saybrook, and Nathan Purdee, who plays Hank Gannon, posed for pictures and talked to students and fans about the soap opera and act- ing. t ABC soap stars are traveling to many universities during October to promote ABC soaps. “College students are impor- tant viewers. They do indeed watch daytime.” said Ed Solomon, president of Campus Dimensions, the company that represents ABC in the college market. “We’re just trying to games and be even more vocal _ °See Center Spread . . . . Opinions Aristide returns to Haiti Euphoria spread through Haiti on Saturday when Jean-Bertrand Aristide finally came back from exile. This capped a historic 30 days with a U.S. invasion avoided at the last minute and a peace- ful transfer of power. A large chunk of credit for this must go to President Bill Clinton. His perseverance through the ‘opposition of Congress and the American public finally achieved what three years of sanc- tions could not. But this is not a fairy tale, and it is unlikely everyone will live happily ever after. Three years ago, when Aristide was deposed, Haiti was one of the poorest countries in the world, and three years of economic sanctions and harsh military rule have only made matters much worse. Haiti has about 70 percent unemploy- ment, a chronic AIDS problem and the continued threat of vio- lence by anti-Aristide factions after the U.S. forces leave. Many people look to Aristide as a spiritual head of state. But spiritualism will not put food on the table or give people jobs. Haiti is in dire need of both internal reorganization and intema- tional aid. A large chunk of that international aid should and will likely come from the United States. Some might object to our government spending our tax dollars on a foreign country. But aid to Haiti is not a wholly humanitarian measure. Haiti is well within our sphere of influence, and eco- nomic prosperity in Haiti is beneficial to the U.S. economy. It is in both our moral and economic interests to aid Haiti. Hopefully, hard work and perseverance will lead Haiti out of misery. Homecoming spirit Pitt spirit is back! Well maybe. The University of Pittsburgh student body was out in full force this weekend for Homecoming activities. Both Midnight Madness and the Homecoming football game against West Virginia had strong, vocal crowds, both larger than last year’s respective events. Other events were popular as well, and the fireworks shook Pitt’s campus. The Pitt News applauds the students for pro- viding such a lively weekend. But we need to continue this spirit throughout the rest of the year and beyond. Despite a 1-6 record, Johnny Majors has brought excitement back to Pitt football and the promise of a win- ning future. An active and excited student body can not only help the team while on the ﬁeld, but can also help Majors in recruiting. It certainly makes a difference to prospective college players whether or not the student body is fully behind the team. It is hard for Pitt to compete for top players when high school players see empty seats at Pitt games, as opposed to packed screaming crowds at Notre Dame, Ohio State and Penn State. The same holds true for our basketball team. Though this may be a long season with the injury to McCullough, new coach Ralph Willard is bringing an exciting new playing style to Pittsburgh. Let’s maintain the.spirit of Homecoming and bring back the spirit of Pitt’s glory days. The Pitt News Editorial Board Christine Hanna, Editor in Chief Matt Serlin, Managing Editor Stephen Kozarovich. News Editor Sean Duncan, Sports Editor Tom Stein. Opinions Editor Jim Madl, Photography Editor Joe Wright. Copy Editor Opinions expressed herein are not necessarily those of the student body. faculty, or university administra- tion. Opinions expressed in columns, cartoons and letters are not necessarily those of The Pitt News. Letters intended for publication must be no more than 200 words long and include the writer's name, phone number and university affiliation, if any. Letters may also be sent via E-Mail with the above informa- tion included.T7re Pitt News reserves the right to edit any and all letters. In the event of multiple replies to an issue, The Pitt News may print one letter which represents the majority of responses. Unsigned editorials are a majority opinion of the Editorial Board. listed above.‘ , Editorial Staf ‘ Bill Kirchner, Showcase Editor John B. Moore, Asst. News Editor Mark Gordon. News Assistant Joanna Grant, Graphics Assistant Sam Gresock. Graphics Assistant Dina Scardamalia, Graphics Assistant Business Manager: Nat Finkin Copyright © 1994 by the University of Pittsburgh Student Publications Board. Reprinting of any material in this publication without the permission of the Publications Board Media Secretary is strictly prohibited. The Pitt News is an independent student-written and student-managed newspaper for the Oakland campus ‘ of the University of Pittsburgh and is published Monday, Tuesdays, Wednesdays and Thursdays during the regular school year and Wednesdays during the summer. I ' Complaints concerning coverage by The Pitt News, after first being brought to the editors, may be referred to: Community Relations Committee, Student Publication Board, c/0 Student Media Advisor 140 William Pitt Union, University of Pittsburgh. Pittsburgh, PA 15260. The editor in chief has the ﬁnal authority on editorial matters and cannot be censored under state and feder- al law. The editor in chief is selected by the Publications Board, which includes staff, faculty, students and journalism professionals. The Pitt News business and editorial offices are located at 434 William Pitt Union, University of Pittsburgh. PA 15260. Main Office: (412) 648-7980 News: 648-7983 or 7984 Opinions: 648-7984 Photography: 648-7973 E-Mail: PITITNEWS @VMS.CIS.PI'IT.EDU Editor in Chief: 648-7985 Sports: 648-8488 Entertainment: 648-798’). Business: 648-7978 or 7979 Fax: 648-8491 The Pitt News 7 Monday, October 17, 1994 ‘ 1 Hole YOU \,JeKeN'T e><?ecTiNG 301' H OF THeM To aKRNe QT QNCQ. OJ. trial is not merely a media circus strange phenomenon has been occurring all . over the country. People by the score are plead- ing ignorance to all aspects of an extremely important nation- al issue. It’s even happening in the universities, where pedants normally are trying to prove how much they know. The issue in question, may it please the court, is the trial of Orenthal James Simpson. If they thought you would not brand them a total idiot, most of the O.J. ignoramus crowd would probably tell you that they don’t even know who O.J. Simpson is. . Yet, aside from the fact that court cases, especially those involving celebrities, make a great spectator sport, there are a number of reasons why America ought to tune into this trial. It will have lasting effects on the way cases are tried, and it reﬂects on the way our society is moving today. The American legal system (please note that it is not nec- essarily a justice system) works to a large degree on precedent. These precedents ‘go back to English common law, and some of thecases were on the books before this country was born. Precedents can decide a case. O.J. Simpson’s trial will set a num- ber of precedents before it is all over. They are already starting to manifest themselves in such areas as jury selection and evidence handling. In many ways this case is a test of the jury system. It rais- es a number of questions about whether an unbiased jury can be selected and how the courts can go about selecting one. This case is an experiment. The selection process for potential jurors will be rigor- ous. These people must answer a 75-page question- naire which probes into all aspects of their lives. The questions" run the gamut from “Do you own any special knives (other than for cook- ing), such as hunting or pen knives?” to “Have you ever felt sufficiently frustrated within a domestic relationship that you considered violence?” According to The New York Times, as of Oct. 1, 304 people‘ were in the pool of potential jurors. That seems like a good random sample of Southern California. Perhaps sociolo- gists ought to try to gain access to that data and collate it. It may reveal some interest- ing things about that area. The only obstacle in the way of thisiis the same one which faces Judge Lance Ito and the attorneys who are to try this case. This is thatthere are some people with an agenda who want to be on the jury. One person biased in the direction of the defense could produce a hung jury. People are trying to be as bland as possible, despite having to sign an oath, under the penalty of perjury, promising to tell the truth on these'question- naires. Police work will also come under intense scrutiny. Should detectives be allowed to enter a private residence if they think a life is endangered? The answer is an obvious “yes,” but other questions, such as what criteria do they use to determine this and what can they do once they have entered a dwelling are not so easy. Science is playing a role in the case as well. Is genetic evi- dence admissible and reliable? If this evidence can cause a man to receive a death sen- tence, some hard questions must be asked about it. Perhaps even more important than whether or not it is accu- rate is how the lawyers present this evidence to a jury. The jury’s role is to serve as a fact- finding body, so their own knowledge combined with the information presented will determine how this evidence factors into the case. Regardless, this case will serve as a model of do’s and don’ts for other cases all over the country which involve sci- entific evidence. Those who don’t care about the law or naivelyjbelieve that they will never have to con- front these issues in theirlives have cause to pay attention to this case as well. The trial of O.J. Simpson raises questions about our society as a whole. One of the really big questions concerns heroes. What are heroes, and how do we treat them when they are no longer in the same field as when they were per- forming great feats? Does scoring a touchdown 20 years ago make O.J. Simpson less culpable? The prosecutors have decid- ed not to seek the death penal- ty. Some argue that this is to make it easier to get a convic- tion. Maybe hero status merits special consideration, but what is justice when dealing with such a heinous crime? Another important issue, domestic violence, has been thrust into the limelight at var- ious times in connection with » this case. If this is indeed a case of domestic -violence, then perhaps more will be done to address a problem which is all too often ignored. These questions are reﬂec— tive of the society, as are many others raised by this case. Just because tabloid coverage runs high doesn’t mean this case is all ﬂash and no substance. So before you proudly apa- thetic intellectuals leap to change the channel the next time you hear “O.J. Simpson,” consider the source. Think about what is really happen- ing, and that update may have much more meaning for you. Ben Jackson is a columnist for The Pitt News Senior Hayes Davis won two tickets to Pa \ “ V tes Dick Vitale Friday night at Midnight Madness. . M impersona Junior Matt Hartnng n. 0 ﬂ a r. b N e C 8 .m m 0 C e m 0 h e h t f 0 t r. a P S a t h We n V. a ..m r. F V. k S IS d n m k a O r. e V 0 C S k r. 0 W e .w.. F Homecoming '94 The tradition continues °From page 6 create excitement.” Freshman Stacey Coplan said she came because she watches the show and because “it’s fun to meet famous peo- ple.” “It’s always fun to come out oncollege campuses,” said Haskell in a phone interview last week. Purdee said in an earlier interview that being on campus would make him feel young again and that he would just hang out with “the young folks and talk a little about being in the acting business. He said he would answer speciﬁc questions about acting or school. - At the tailgate party, the cheerleaders performed, and the Pitt marching band played the show’s theme. “That was real- ly nice,” Haskell said. Purdee said he felt alittle goofy and awkward when he heard the theme, but it was fun. Haskell said students were asking about storylines, but the actors were sworn to secrecy. Purdee, who used to play Nathan on “The Young and the Restless,” said a lot of Y&R fans came up to talk to him. “[Y&R] will follow me for life,” he said. - The event was sponsored by the Athletic Department, ABC—TV, Campus Dimensions, the Panhellenic Association and the Interfratemity Council.’ Greek Advisor Kerry Daley said this activity provided the Greek system with a way to get involved in the homecoming activities. Daley also said that having Haskell, whose storyline last year dealt with gang rape, come would promote the preven- tion of incidents of that sort and would promote sexual assault issues. A Haskell said she was open to talk about the rape storyline. “It opened my eyes to how prevalent it was.” She said the tailgate party might not be a place to mention it, but she has received hundreds of letters about rape from 1 people who had no support system and no one else to talk to. "One Life to Live's" Nathan Purdee signs autographs Saturday before the game. . Photos by Matt Serlin ;ets to Panama City Beach after winning Pitt-Tac-Toe. T and James Junior Becky Hammond participates in the Keg Roll Friday after- KHOX noon. ’ A Sports Backyard brawl: an exciting letdown I ere is noth- ing more exhila- rating than coming back to win a foot- ball game Columnist after trailing Matt by 25 points. Groff Especially against your archrival and clos- est neighbor, with less than minute left in the game, in front of your biggest home crowd of the season, during homecoming, a weekend in which most Pitt students haven’t yet seen their football team win. Unfortunately, not much in the sports world is more painful than having this all torn away on a long pass with 24 seconds- left. And so it goes. Most of you know the game to which I refer is the roller coaster ride every Pitt fan experienced in this year’s Pitt-West Virginia game; a game after which the Pitt play- ers looked almost numb, still shocked by the outcome and the emotional extremes they had experienced by game’s end. It . was also a game which left Pitt head coach Johnny Majors and West Virginia head coach Don Nehlen, both longtime veterans of college football, shaking their heads. “Never have I seen a game as crazy as that one,” Nehlen said. “It was absolutely crazy.” Majors said the play ranged from ridiculous to outstanding, with the Panthers falling victim to Murphy’s Law more than their fair share of the time. “About the time you think you’ve seen it all, you ﬁnd out that you sure haven’t,” Majors said. If one thing is for sure-, how- ever, it’s that this year’s version of the Backyard Brawl did not let anyone down in terms of excitement and plays which many people had not seen before and may never see again. Even though the game was ‘ characterized by poor execution and sloppy plays, the Panthers kept themselves in the game by pulling off some unique plays for which they deserve a lot of credit. Consider these facts: Not often do you get to see a defensive lineman rumble 53 yards for a touchdown on a spe- cial teams play, yet that was exactly what Tom Bamdt did when Chad Askew got a hand on a third quarter ﬁeld goal attempt. Just as impressive was Pitt’s gamble on an onside kick after a third quarter touchdown, ‘Column, page 14 The Pitt News 10 Monday, October 17, 1994 Homecoming hex Brett Fondrk Staff Writer Misery loves company. Two teams that were having miser- able seasons took their aggres- sions out on each other Saturday in the 87th Backyard ‘ Brawl between Pitt and West Virginia at Pitt Stadium. In the end, Pitt and a homecoming crowd of 38,293 were left to lament over what could have been as the Panthers fell to the Mountaineers 47-41 in one of the wildest games that anyone has ever seen. ' “Never have I seen a game so crazy,” WVU coach Don Nehlen said. That same phrase was on the lips of the nearly 40,000 others as they solemnly filed out of Pitt Stadium not more than 30 painful seconds after Mountaineer quarterback‘ Chad Johnston hit flanker Zach Abraham on a 60-yard touch- down strike with 15 ticks left on the clock that finally let the Panthers rest in peace. ‘‘In 37 years of coaching, I have seen about everything that I could possibly see,” coach Johnny Majors said. “Today, I saw a game like I have never been involved with in my life.” The game featured ten plays of over 40 yards, two blocked field goals, a blocked punt, two interceptions returned for scores, a fake punt and a vari- ety of fumbles and miscues. I The two teams combined for 983 yards in total offense. “There were so many mis- takes out there today that it would take two-football fields to write it all down,” Nehlen said. But as the" smoke cleared with _38 seconds left, it looked like the Panthers had signed, sealed and delivered a win to a homecoming crowd that was as loud and as boisterous as any has been in the last few years. John Ryan, who replaced an ineffective Sean Fitzgerald and threw for 433 yards and four touchdowns, worked the two minute drill to perfection and engineered a six—play, 80-yard scoring drive in 54 seconds. -Mountaineers outgun Pitt in wild 47-4 I Matt Serlin/Staff Photographer WR Dietrich J ells caught 5 passes for 220 yards and two TDs. The drive was highlighted by a 16-yard QB draw by Ryan. He capped the march by hitting Chad Askew on a five—yard touchdown pass that left Pitt down 40-39. Pitt called timeout immedi- ately after the score, but there never seemed to be any doubt as to what Majors would do. “We don’t play for the tie or The madness at midnight continues By Matt Groff Senior Staff Writer More than 4,000 Pitt fans packed the lower levels of Fitzgerald Fieldhouse on Friday to get their first glimpse of the Pitt basketball teams this season. From their reactions, they seemed to be hopeful with what they saw. “Both th women’s and men’s teams looked better than I expected,” Pitt student Rhonda Barron said. “Hopefully, they’1l win more games than most people think they will.” Pitt’s annual Midnight Madness is quickly gaining popularity as a new tradition here, as it is around the coun- try. Crowds as big as 20,000 have turned out to support their team at the stroke of midnight on the first day of the college basketball season. On Friday, Pitt fans seemed to want‘ to find out the answers to their questions more than anything else. With the departure of men’s head coach Paul Evans, newcomer Ralph Willard brings high expectations to Pitt fans, and so far, not many players. “I understand this year will be shaky, considering Willard is new and all,” Pitt student Ryan Babico said. “He does seem to be making progress in recruiting, but I want to see some wins this year.” Standing in Willard’s way, of course, are major losses from last year including cen- ter Eric Mobley, now with the Milwaukee Bucks, and Jerry ! to make the game close,” center Lawson Mollica said. “I think that in our position we will always go for the win.” Majors felt the same way as Pitt lined up with four receivers. The decay worked. As, Ryan barreled across the right side for the conversion, bedlam broke out in Pitt ‘WVU, page 13 Pitt soccer dealt another Big East loss Matt Serlinl Staff Photographer Steeler Eric Green participatedin celebrity free throw contest. McCullough to a knee injury. But when the clock struck midnight on Friday, any prob- lems for the Pitt basketball teams were forgotten and stu- dents gave thunderous applause to the men’s and women’s teams, a hopeful - send-off for a successful sea- son. Willard promised the crowd an exciting season. “We will be doing a lot of running and shooting, having fun out there,” Willard said. “We’ll be a fun team to watch.” Women’s basketball head coach Kirk Bruce said he’d like to see more people come out and support the Lady Panthers. Following player introduc- tions, the women’s team played a split-squad scrim- mage, followed by the men’s slam dunk contest and men’s scrimmage. Judging from the crowd’s response, Chad Varga, a junior college transfer, seemed to be the biggest sur- prise of the night with his baseline windmill dunk in the slam dunk contest and later a dunk over two of his kneeling teammates, sending the field- house crowd into a frenzy. Junior Garrick Thomas. how- ever, topped Varga’s feat by dunking over three people, arguably the best dunk of the night. -. °Madness, page 13 By Ed Ziegenfuss Staff Writer The Pitt soccer team (6-6 overall, 1-5 in the Big East conference) received another blow to its minimal playoff chances as the University of Connecticut (9-2, 3-1), which is off to its best start since its National Championship sea- son of 1981, defeated the Panthers 1-0 on Friday night. As Pitt celebrated home- coming, there were no fire- works at Pitt Stadium. The only highlight of the game was a UConn goal by sopho- more Steve Chirgwin with 32 minutes left in the game. Chirgwin now has 19 goals in his short collegiate career. Freshman Bobby Rhine assist- ed on the goal for the Huskies, who are tied for third place in the Big East conference. “It was disappointing because it was one of the bet- ter games we played all year,” senior Eric Prex said. “We had no luck this game and all year.” The first half remained scoreless as both teams volleyed back and forth, up and down the field. Panther goalie Kirk Brodows (4-5) and Husky goalie Sloan Spaeth (8- 2), denied all chances for any goals. The second half started with °Soccer, page 12 The Pitt News, Monday, October 17, 1994 Backup QB By David Saliba Staff Writer Don’t blame John Ryan. The junior quarterback was given the responsibility of bringing to life what had become a desolate offense under starter Sean Fitzgerald, and considering the mess he had to try and piece together, he did an admirable job. “For not playing very much, he did a good job of ﬁghting back and being competitive,” head coach Johnny Majors said. “He certainly made a lot of big plays.” It was a big play for West Virginia that greeted Ryan’s return at quarterback. On his first snap at 9:16 of the second quarter, he threw an interception to Aaron Beasely who ran 50 yards for a touchdown. At that point -WVU was leading 24-6. Ryan checked into the game after Fitzgerald failed to move the offense. From the opening snap, Fitzgerald was having his prob- lems. In an attempt to execute a pitch to Dietrich Jells. he was sacked by WVU defensive ends Steven Perkins and Canute Curtis. The Panthers subsequently lost 11 yards on the play, and it would be one of many plays that pushed the Panthers back for negative yardage. Consequently, it only took Majors a quarter and a half to insert Ryan in hopes of providing some momentum for his offense. “We decided to make a change, and I think that it certainly added rejuvenation to our offense at that particular time,” Majors said. Starting off on shaky ground, Ryan was able to put points on the board, but he struggled in the first half, throwing a costly interception. He was intercepted twice in the second half, but more importantly he helped the Panthers take the lead late in the ball game and ﬁn- ished with four touchdown passes. “The offense was in some good positions. but I ended up shooting myself in the foot a couple of times.” Ryan said. “It’s real frus- trating.” The loss may have been frustrat- ing for Ryan. but his statistics for this game match the best of his career. His 433 yards passing almost surpassed the all—time record held by John Congemi. who threw for 446 yards against Navy in I986. “The glaring mistakes were the two interceptions, [they proved to be] major factors in the game,” Majors said. Yet. the Pitt head coach will A admit that it was Ryan who helped turn the game around for his club. “[It was] the last two touch- downs that put us back in the game,” Majors said. The touchdown drive that put Pitt ahead of WVU, for what all figured to be the end of the game, began at the Panthers’ own 20-yard _ line. Six plays, 80 yards and 54 sec- onds later. Ryan had engineered a drive that was capped off by a 5- yard touchdown pass to Chad Askew. which placed the Panthers one point behind the Mountaineers. 40-39. J.4r.a1.A'r_n‘41.A!_A1.n.n.4!.A1.n.4I.n.n.n.Av.A1.41.n_4r.a.n.n.A1_A1.41~n_n.A1.A1.A1.lr-A7;41.41..cr.4ﬂ.m‘.42..41_n1.n.(r.A1.n.A1.n O J J 0 0 J J J 0 J J J iiiiiiiisiisii3JJJJJ3oausaaoaoouaiaooaJJfnfnfnfni.1fnfnfnfnfnfnfnfnfnfnfnfnfn-H-J-H-“.0”-n-n‘n-J." 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Drink for I $4.95+Tax I I Expires 12/31/94 (ltafian, 9{am/Cﬁeese, Turkey) Cﬁeeseﬁurger.......................$2.30 Q3ac01/1 Cﬁee5e6u;qer............$2.75 ﬂfamliurqer.........................$2.10 Cﬁicken Samfwicﬁ..............$3.00 Cfiicken Cfuﬁ......................$3.30 fish Sancfwicﬁ...................$2.85 Q?ou6[e-fis/i.......................$3.85 "9\[iKo'5 gyros is cfassic 1’itt55urgﬂ" ——5p0rt.s I [[u.stratec[ Matt Serlinl Staff Photographer Checking in for starter Sean Fitzgerald midway through the second quarter John I 9‘ Ryan rises to the homecomi ,§/‘ZIL/‘2lQ),§ greekm.................................$3.25 Cﬁicken.................................$4.00 5teai{.....................................$4.00 garc[en..................................$2.30 {/’?l[[sa[ac£s incfude pita Erearf and cﬁoice ofcfressing) M fresﬁ Cut frencﬂ Trie5........$1.35 Spinacﬁ ﬂ{o[£s........................$1.95 Cﬁeese Spinacﬁ Onion Kings..........................$1.35 9-fummus zu/£Pita...................$1.95 n9 " n'ik'5's"G'yr3s'I I Get 10% Discount on any \|: 11 occasion Majors and his braintrust met and decided to go for the win with an I attempt at a two-point conversion with 41 seconds left in the game. In what looked to be an option play, Ryan kept the ball and lunged across the goal line for two points and the lead. “It was a walk-in basically,” Ryan said. “They had a 10-man line, and our lead back took [the 11th man] out of the play.” Seemingly the hero, Ryan returned to the Pitt sideline as the messiah who had delivered salva- tion. He had led his team to a his- toric upset that concluded as a mas- terful come-from-behind-win. “It doesn’t matter how many mistakes we make, we just want to go out and win the game.” Ryan said. “To come out on the wrong side of it is real tough.” Yet for Ryan, who finished with 433 total yards passing after com- pleting 20 of 37 attempts. the bewildered quarterback almost pulled off a win that might well have turned the season around for the Panthers. 9071100739‘)’I1’J‘!’)'I')1000'.l')00')') ‘u-u-u-uVuvu-u-u-u-u-u-uvu-u-u-uvu-“yu-gygyu-uyuyu-u-uyu 771777177‘)773'100790300009-09000090011109 -u-u‘n-u-u-u‘u-u-gygyuygyqgyuyuyuyuygyuyuyqryu-uyuyuyuuu-u-uyuyuyu—u-u.“.“.u..,_‘.“.u.u.u n :- order when you show your Hospital or College \|.D. ? $10 minimum delivery only. I; . -. .-°-, . “A, .~-‘--, .--, .-'-, .-t-, .-‘a, .-°-, .-'-, .-“-. .-‘-, .-‘-. .-"-. .-‘-. .-'-. -'-. .-'4. .-'-. ."-. P“-. .-‘-. .-‘-. .t-‘-. P“. ."-. '-‘-. -‘-. .-‘-. .‘°-. .‘°-. .-'-. 4-. .‘'‘. .-‘-. .-“-. ‘4. .-'4. .-°-. P‘-. F‘-. .-“e .-"-. .-°-. .-'1-. 9°-. .‘“-. .-“-. 9'-. .-4-. . “-. .“‘-. 1'”-. .-°-. 9“-. 9“-. .‘°-. .‘°-. .“‘-. .‘“-. -“-. .-°-. .‘”-5’ f I; 3 : 12 The Pitt News, Monday, October 17, 1994 Pitt volleyball team continues dominance By Sean Duncan Sports Editor’ The Big East freight train con- tinues to roll. Still undefeated in conference play (5-0), the Pitt Lady Panthers volleyball team squashed Syracuse and St. John’s on the road this weekend, winning six out of seven games. B u t compared to last w e e k - end’s per- f o r - m a n c e s when Pitt crushed Providence and Seton Hall, the play could have been better. l“It was not a sharp weekend, but we’ll take the win,” head coach Cindy Alvear said. “I’m not disappointed and I’m not thrilled. I am pleased to win six games and lose one.” On Saturday, the Lady Panthers beat Syracuse in four games by the scores of 15-7, 11-15, 15-8, 15-7. Pitt continued to ride the play of last week’s Big East Player of the Week Sarah Mikla, who cashed in another award—winning performance. She was second on the team with 15 kills against the Orangewomen and had a .406 hit- ting percentage in 32 attempts. Not to mention Mikla’s eight digs and three blocks. “Sarah Mikla is lighting up the stats right now,” Alvear said. Sara Mitchell led the Pitt offen- sive and defensive attack with 20 kills and 16 digs. Setter Stephanie Dufresne Fundamentals of Ice Hockey A non-credit class is being formed for next term for all levelsol ability. Spaces will be limited. For information call 276-4384 & 276-5283 after 6 pm. E i 99‘ with 1MB DRAM -5 16-bit ISA slots - 101-key keyboard - DOS 6.2 -Microsoft Mouse Gateway 2000 4SX-33 - Intel 33MHZ 80048‘6SX -8MB of RAM expandable to 32MB -340MB IDE (l3ms) hard drive -1.44MB 3.5" ﬂoppy disk drive _ -Integrated local-bus accelerated graphics - 15" Crystalscan 1572 color display - Intel Pentium Technology Ready -Windows for Workgroups 3.11 -QAPlus Hardware Diagnostics Program -MS Works Multimedia Edition on Diskette -3-year limited parts warranty choreographed the Pitt offensive outburst with 48 assists. She also had six digs and three serving aces. Carrie Thornton added 13 kills and 13 digs in the win. Collectively, the Lady Panthers beat Syracuse in every facet of the game. The most notable dif- ference was the two teams’ hit- ting percentages. Pitt’s team .248 hitting percentage outdid the Orange’s hitting percentage by .110, as they hit a lowly .138. Contributing to the Orangewomen’s woes was their zero hitting percentage in game one. In that game Syracuse had 11 kills with 11 errors. On Sunday against the St. John’s Red Storm, a team that is entering its ﬁrst season of volley- ball competition, Pitt swept them in three straight, but unusually close games. Despite the Red Storm having eight freshmen on their roster, Pitt cou1dn’t blow them away. The scores were 15-7, 16-14,15-12. In what was supposed to be the year that the Lady Panthers would finally fall from their Big East throne, Pitt has taken on the con- ference with a vengeance. But according to Alvear, Pitt’s moti- ‘vation doesn’t form from the naysayers’ words. “Our focus is on internal things,” Alvear said. “We want each individual to see themselves as a contributor, not as a role player. We’re working on believ- ing in ourselves.” The Lady Panthers will play West Virginia at the Fitzgerald Fieldhouse on Friday at 7:30. Then Pitt will play another home game against George Washington at 1 p.m. on Saturday. ’ ADULT CHILDREN OF ALCOHOLICS SUPPORT GROUP MONDAYS, 6-7:30 PM HEALTH EDUCATION OFFICE STUDENT HEALTH SERVICE MEDICAL ARTS BUILDING 3708 FIFTH AVE., SUITE 500 MEETS WEEKLY TO PROVIDE A FORUM FOR INCREASING UNDERSTANDING AND ADDRESSING RELATED ISSUES. ILANKHDHSCHVTK) hIENﬂ)RIES()F YTNJR (JHDUDHIXID HVAmJALCIHHCHJC IICHWE? 383-1 830 . "2 $1,549 capability microﬁne toner _ -Prints up to four pages per minute -Printer language: Genuine Enhanced PCL5 -Memory: 1MB standard with HP memory enhancement 1 technology -Paper handling: 100 sheets g input (single tray, adjustable r ﬂ to letter, legal A4 and execu- '9 ff Room 204 d 315 s. Bellefield Avenu _ , _ Pittsburgh, PA 15260 parallel with HP Bi-tronics KN . phone; (412) 524-1 380 FAX: (412) 624-4985 -Fonts: .26 standard typefaces HP Laserlet 4L Printer (‘$565 after $50 mail-in rebate from HP) -Compatible with DOS-based computers -300 dpi with resolution enhancement technology and "“\ ’ $615 . suppdkr asmvms CENTER I" PC Center o a A u ¢ -4 Soccer ‘From page 10 more of the same as neither team could crack into the scoring column. Finally, UConn, ranked No. 19 in the nation by Soccer America and No. 22 by the ISAA, scored on a 13-yard shot from straight away. The game ended as Pitt was unable to get one past Spaeth and the Husky defense. Both teams were held in check by the respective defens- es. Pitt h a d o n 1 y f i V e s h o t s ' o n r goaL and UConn could muster only seven. Fouls, however, were abundant. The Huskies com- mitted 23 and the Panthers were nabbed for 15. Pitt’s Bobby Dyer and UConn’s Rhine each received yellow cards during the game. The Pitt defense held Connecticut’s top scorer Eric Barbieri to only three shots, and the Husky defense allowed Prex just one shot on goal. Barbieri leads the Big East in scoring with 12 goals and three assists, and is ranked fifth nationally in Division I scoring. Brodows had five saves on the night while Spaeth, who improved his career record to 29-21-4, had six saves. “UConn is a very good team,” Prex said. “Next to Georgetown, they are the best team that we have played this year.” ' Prex still‘leads the team in total points with 21 (7 goals, 7 assists). Dean Astorino (10 points, 3, 4), Knut Saeter (9, 4, 1) and Jeff Porter (9, 3, 3) trail Prex in the scoring ranks. With only two Big East con- ference games left on the schedule for the Panthers, their playoff hopes are dwin- dling. . “Our chances of playoffs are realistically not there,” Prex said. “St. John’s is a good team, and we’d like to knock them off, and the Penn State game will be big because they didn’t want to play us for so long until this year. So there is still some- thing to play for this season.” There will be a sports writers meeting today at 5:30. WVU The Pitt News, Monday, October 17, 1994 ‘From page I 0 Stadium. The Panthers took what looked to be a safe lead with less than a minute left. But then came Johnston’s heroics, and a bitter defeat for Pitt, which fell to 1-6. “It was the best feeling,” Ryan said. “But just seeing them score, to go from so high, it was like the lowest point of the season.” ’ Mollica shared Ryan’s senti- ments but also took into consid- eration how the game had been going to that point. “I never really cashed it in,” Mollica said. “When there are ticks on the clock left, its still up for grabs. It’s just tough to go from such a level of exhila- ration to complete devastation in 30 seconds. I’m still in shock.” Pitt looked like it was in shock in the first half as the Mountaineers jumped out to a 31-6 lead in the second quarter. WVU scored on the first drive of the game on a 41-yard field goal by Bryan Bauman. On Pitt’s first possession, Fitzgerald drove the Panthers into field goal range but David Merrick’s 41-yard attempt was blocked by Steven Perkins and picked up by defensive back Harold Kidd, who raced 60 yards down the right sideline for the score. The blocked kick return made the score 10-0. West Virginia made the next blunder when Rahsaan Vanterpool fumbled the kick off and Eric Kasperowicz recov- ered. Billy West, who had a rough day with 48 yards on 17 carries, rumbled in from the 2- yard line for Pitt’s first score. Merrick missed the point after, and on WVU’s next pos- session Johnston hooked up with Abraham on a 40-yard bomb that left Pitt down 17-6 at the end of the ﬁrst quarter. In the second quarter, Majors brought in last year’s starter, Ryan. Majors said he made the move to rejuvenate the team. It initially looked to be a critical mistake as Ryan’s first pass was thrown directly to cornerback Aaron Beasley who returned the pick 50 yards for a touch- down, making the score 24-6. On the next possession, Pitt punted and N ehlen reached into his bag of tricks and burned the Panthers on another long throw. Johnston executed a beautiful fake reverse that fooled every- one, including Panther corner- back Maurice Williams, who lost track of Vanterpool and let him run for a 46-yard touch- down. Johnston had a career day as he torched the Pitt secondary for a career-high 396 yards and four touchdowns. Ryan, who also had a career day, answered by tossing an 80- yard strike to Dietrich Jells. . Beasley made a play on the ball but missed. Jells caught the ball in stride for Pitt’s longest play from scrimmage of the year. But Ryan threw the 2-point conversion try into the hands of linebacker Matt Taffioni, who ran 100 yards down the left sideline for two points. The next time Pitt got the ball, Ryan bounced back from the miscue and led the Panthers on an eight-play, 80-yard drive that culminated with a 34-yard strike to Billy Davis. The Panthers ended the half down 33-19. Ryan hooked up with Jells again in the second half on a high lob that Jells ran under for a 63-yard score. Jells, whose big day was lost in the defeat, caught five balls for 225 yards and two TD’s. The Pitt special teams then demonstrated their full arsenal with mixed results. They recov- ered an onside kick, then attempted a fake punt for no gain and finally a blocked field goal that Tom Bamdt returned 53 yards for a touchdown to knot the game at 33-33. Intertwined within that whole conglomeration were two inter- ceptions by Ryan; fumbles by Pitt’s Denorse Mosley and Billy West; Davis blocking a punt by OWVU, page 1 Your Ship Is illiiil Wit-i Semester at Sea INTERESTED in traveling around the world? Come hear what Pitt students, who have participatecl in Semester atSea, have to say about their Voyages of Discovery. Also - eat international foods, watch an exciting video about the program, and find out about the numerous financial aid ancl scholarship opportunities for Semester at Sea. till. it at 7 PM I il00Mi 13 Madness °From page 10 The activities for students began much earlier in the night, as the events kicked off at 10:30 with the the women’s and men’s basketball alumni beating the the Pitt student All-Stars in their respective games. It was followed by a celebrity free throw contest in which Steelers Eric Green and Ernie Mills, along with Pitt Chancellor J. Dennis O’Connor, battled members of the audience. A number of brave souls took part in the Dick Vitale impersonation contest as they took turns trying to sound like the colorful ESPN commenta- tor. _ The Izzy Dizzy featured disoriented Greeks rolling around, falling all over the place and generally making fools of themselves as they tried to make lay ups after running around a baseball bat twelve times. The Panther Paul contest featured a mob of people on the court break dancing, jumping like frogs and franti- cally running around in an attempt to look like the field- house favorite. This was followed by Shooting for Dollars, a con- test that offered various amounts of money for certain shots. The only problem was that nobody made a shot. A young man who blew a lay up for $25 and a young woman who missed two $200 free throw shots felt the crushing blows. The mysterious Fieldhouse Phantom also showed up on the scene with a contest to find a hidden basketball. Different clues will be released during home games leading to the location of the ball. The winner will receive a trip to New York to see “The Phantom of the Opera.” But the real stars of the evening were the players, who have now been formally introduced and are preparing for the upcoming season. The Lady Panthers play an exhibition game on November 19 against the Lithuanian National Team and move on to the University of Nevada-Las Vegas Tournament. Their first home game is December 4 against Penn State. The Pitt men’s team plays exhibition games November 15 and 22, against Marathon Oil and Moscow /Spartak, respectively. They begin their season with a Nov. 29 matchup at North Carolina, and their home opener will be on Dec. 3 against Buffalo. Done Well Computer Sales 210 Center Road, Monroeville, PA 15146 Intel 486DX2-66 VLB system Only $949.00 Includes: Intel CPU, 128k Cache, 4MB RAM, 1.44 MB ﬂoppy drive, 540 MB hard drive, IMB SVGA VLB card, 28, 1P, 1G ports, 5-B mouse, 101 Ke ke board Minitower case Intel Pentium 60 M 1 Intel sx-33Mhz Only $709.00. Limited time offer. We carry all kinds of computer parts. Please call 412-372-7377 for details. nly $1,529.00 proudly announces their newest Initiates J en Luce Kasey Sellari Joyce J ackovitz BE A SMART COOKIE KNOW THESE FACTS... lmthamnnceamnmh ’ FACT: 32% of Pitt students said they had unintended sex after drug/alcohol use. ‘ FACT: 56% of Pitt s udents reported drinking alcohol FACT: 61% of Pitt students reported that they have a friend who has 3 drinking/dru v problem. I FACT: 41% of Pitt students claim they prefer to go to : party where alcohol is not available. FACT: 92% of Pitt students said they believe it is wrong t use illegal drugs even if they make you feel good. Throughout the year we will publicize survey responses of Pitt students. Representatives front the Health Education Office of the Student Health Service will be on campus giving away coupons for a free gourmet cookie, a 16 oz. coke and/or a cup of coffee from the Beehive... IF YOU'RE A SMART COOKIE and know the facts! REMEMBER: Smart cookies don't get smashed.’ LOOK FOR US ON: Monday, October 17, 11:00 - 1:30 pm Towers lobby \ , . t . . . - . . . e s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . « . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . ~ . . . . . . . . . ' .— °From page 13 WVU’s Todd Sauerbrum, who had never been blocked in his career dating back to high school and a 32-yard field goal attempt by Merrick, which was also blocked. “We have the worst protection of field goals that I have had in 37 years of coach- ' ing,” Majors said in reference to the two that were blocked on the day. With 5-8 seconds left, Johnston hit Vanterpool, who outran David Sumner and Mosely, for 81 yards down the middle of the field which gave WVU a 40-33 lead. The loss was particularly disappointing for the Panthers, who have found themselves on the short end of a number of close games this season. “There were a lot of guys fighting hard out there,” Mollica said. “That’s our third loss in a close game. We’re 0-3 in the tight ones. and that’s just not going to do it.” I 3E-'''''' STUDENT GVERNMENT Government Relations Committee Government Relations Committee Applications available in 639 WPU. Questions call 648-7970 Classifieds HOUSING NORTH OAKLAND Available immediately. Large studio. Hard- wood floors. Close to Pitt. Quiet and re- sponsible students only. 682-1294. BUDGET MINDED? Save on your spacious unfurn- sihed 1 or 2‘ bedroom W/ALI. UTILITES INCLUDED. Featuring intercom, equipped kitchens, laundry facilities. storage, and more. All starting at $275. Call now 391-6160. ﬂ Furnished efficiencies ‘and one bedroom apartments. Spotless. Secure Buildings. Near Campus. From $275. Call 687-8950. Garage for rent, Bellfield Ave, North Oakland, near school for the blind. Call George 681-0634. North Oakland/Melwood Avenue - 1, 2, and 3 bed- room and 6 bedroom house. Furnished or unfur- nished. From $-i00 plus electric. 621-4344. Two bedroom fttrnished apartments. Wall-to-wall carpeting, air conditioning. Fully equipped kitchen. Security. Available immediately. 421-0232. SOUTH OAKLAND 6 room house one block from Pitt Library. Call 561-2931. Atwood Street. furnished two bedroom. Security . parking, laundry. Lease neg. $660.00 plus electric. 885-3227. Furnished efficiency, great location. Call Bill at 766- 2069 First month free! large private sleeping room, fully equipped kitchen, clean. Share common living ar- eas. females preferred. Security system. 5 minutes to campus. Call Debby 858-502-‘t _ New apartment. Two- four bedrooms. Bath. kitch- en. dishwasher. washer,/dryer. carpeted. 683-6108/’ 1304) 599-4798. Oakland efficiency. $315. One bedroom. $365. Three bedroom. $600 mini blinds. Free parking. 421-8579. Single rooms for students. 10 minute walk to cam- pus. Share kitchen. $155-185 per month. Utilities in- cluded. Lease. 682-4036 or 688-9399 Two Bedroom apartment newly remodeled, wall-to-wall carpeting, laundry in building, furnished/unfurnished. 10 minutes to cam- pus. Available immediately. Call 682-0743. Studio apartment available immediately. Five minute walk to campus. $325 per month. Utilities included. Call 935-9149. 8. Oakland Apartments 1-2 BR Furr1ished/ Unfurnished $395-$450 Inc. Heat Immediately or Jan. 1 Kelly Realty 683-7300 SHADYSIDE Graduate student(s),or faculty member needed to share 3 bedroom semi-furnished house close to CMU/Pitt. 234-1267 SOUTHSIDE The Pitt News, Monday, October 17, 1994 Column °From page 10 during a 27-2 Pitt run. The kick, which was recovered by kicker Todd Barton, made the Panthers look unstoppable and sent Pitt fans into a frenzy. Also consider Pitt’s block of Mountaineer punter Todd Sauerbrum, who led the country in kicking going into Saturday’s game. Sauerbrum, a senior, said , he had never been blocked in college or high school before Pitt. In fact, a major factor in the game was the duel between Sauerbrum and Pitt punter Nate Cochran, where Cochran proved he can hang with the nation’s best. Cochran finished with a 46.5 average to Sauerbrum’s 47.5. Although Cochran didn’t have any punts blocked, he did participate on a fake punt attempt which was squelched by West Virginia. In another surprising effort, replacement quarterback John Ryan seemed to win back the hearts of Pitt fans after leading off his homecoming stint with a pass intercepted for a touch- down. From there, he passed for 433 yards and four touchdowns, including 80- and 63-yard touch- downs to receiver Dietrich J ells. In addition, he scored the go- ahead two-point conversion on an option play. His performance will likely reopen the quarter- back controversy for next week’s game at Virginia Tech. Of course, not all of the rare highlights were on Pitt’s side of the ball. West Virginia cashed in on several fumbles and special teams miscues for some big gains. Not to mention a 100-yard return on a Pitt two-point con- version attempt in the second quarter or the season-high pass- ing marlcs Mountaineer quarter- back Chad Johnston kept setting in an explosive first half. The Backyard Brawl more than delivered when it came to excitement, but the result left Pitt fans hoping the Panthers can sacriﬁce some of the craziness next year and get a nice, boring win. Matt Groﬁ is a columnist for The Pitt News. it %”$%3Z%%$’e%1”é32%%$’é%$%%f.%3Z%3Z%%$’e%$%%$’e?Z%?»"J% at-at-at-at-xx--meat-at-sex:-at-at 7 UV? OFF- CAMPUS‘? Tired of nothing being done with the problems of your apartment? The Pitt News is looking for off-campus housing horror stories. Call Christine or Matt at 648-7 985. iﬁéikiiéﬁﬁiﬁéikiléiféikikik it %$%%$%¥Zt=%7%%$’é%‘.’%%é%l”%%%%t%¥»$%%$’%%$%?»$?<¥»t% The Pitt News 1 4 Monday, October 17, 1994 Apartments for rent. Southside area. Washer and dryer. 1 and 2 bedroom. Se- cure. Parking. 10 minutes from campus and 1 block to busline/Giant Eagle. $300- 490/month plus. Call Louis 431-8800. South Side ﬂats. 3 bedroom apartments. Newly remodeled, wall—to-wall carpeting, courtyard, $650+ heat and electric. 488- 0288. OTHER Frick Park. Large, 2 bedroom apartment. Many amenities: sunroof, porch, new furnace and stove, and carpet. Available October 15. No pets. Free laundry. $465+ utilities. Call 371-0444. Highland Park: Very spacious one bedroom apartment. Equipped kitchen, off-street parking, bus-line. Utilities included. 361- 3764 Point Breeze third lloor apartment. $600 utilities in- cluded. Grad students. faculty preferred. Call 242- 9667. SUBLET u q I v o u u v « v r w - c v » v . . _- NORTH OAKLAND Female roommate wanted to sublet 4 bedroom -apartment with 3 girls. Available November or De- cember. Take in November, get free new double bed. 688-0292. ROOMMATES Male roommate needed. Spacious one bed- room apartment. Clean, secure building. North Oakland. $220 including heat. 687- 6812 Need a Roommate? Find one through the Room- mate classiﬁeds in the P111‘ NEWS. North Pittsburgh area seven minutes to downtown . two bedroom townhouse. AC. dishwasher. large balcony, off-street parking. laundry I":-tcilitt‘. and quiet. Grad stttdentsneed apply. $2’/i+ltall‘ ttltlitit-.~. 521-4053. Roommates needed. Squirrel Hill apart- ment. Separate bedrooms. Cheap rent. Close to shuttle. Call Monday-Friday 9a.m- 3p.m. Ask for Mary. 422-8012. v-7v‘-r " Classiﬁeds The Pitt News Monday, October 17, 1994 HELP WANTED "Attractive Female Needed" Attractive Busi- nessman 30, in search of very attractive fe- male to give relaxing non-sexual massage. Arrangement would be discreet& safe. No ex- perience necessary. $50-100 per-hour. Leave message 734-8334 $1500 weekly possible mailing our circulars! No ex- perience necessary! Begin Now! For information call 202-298-9065. VVVVVVVVVVI/Vt/I/VVVQ/VVI/I/VVV ‘k‘kk‘k‘kk‘k‘k‘k**‘k‘k‘k****‘k THE PITT NEWS HAS AN IMMEDIATE OPEN- ING FOR AN ACCOUNT EXECUTIVE. 5-10 HOURS A WEEK. COMMISSION PLUS IN- CENTIVES. GREAT RESUME BUILDER. CAR NECESSARY. CALL 648-7975 TO ARRANGE FOR AN INTERVIEW OR LEAVE AN APPl.I- CATION AT 426 WPU. African-American and Caucasian students needed to participate in a psychology experiment involving reasoning. $10 payment for approximately 90 minutes. Call 624-7078 for scheduling information. ALASKA EMPLOYMENT- Students Needed! Fish- ing industry. Eam up to S3000-$6000+ per month. Room and board! Transportation! Male or Female. No experience necessary. Call (206)5-15--‘I155 ext A52382. The Pittsburgh Athletic Association is in need of a babysitter for our playroom. Hours are Monday and Wednesday 5-8pm, Tuesday and Thursday 9am-2pm and some Saturdays. Call 621-2400 extension 282. CRUISE SHIPS HlRING- Earn up to $2000+/mo. on Cruise Ships or Land-Tour companies. Seasonal 8: Full-Time employment available. NO exp neces- sary. For info. call 1-206-634-0468 ext. C52382. Do you need work experience to build your resume? A well-established brokerage firm in the Pittsburgh area is now hiring interns for all terms. Please call Diane at 856-4556. Drivers wanted for expanding pizza chain, earn $5-$10/hr. No experience necessary. Pizza Outlet Greenﬁeld 421-1515. Enertigetic and fun babysitter needed for two children in my Squirrel 11111 home. Af- ternoons and evenings on a regular schedule. Own transportation. Please call 681-9911. ‘ki'kk‘kkir‘k‘k‘k‘k*k‘A"kkk‘kt’ WORK PART-TIME, earn $500 cash per week as an exotic dancer. No experience neces- sary! Work Florida or Caribbean in Winter. Reputable agency since 1983. Call 931-0900 for confidential interview. ‘k‘kA'‘Ir‘k****‘A"k‘kk**‘k‘k‘k Need extra cash? The holidays are upcom- ing. Hiring attractive females for our ADULT ENTERTAINMENT COMPANY. Vari- ous positions available. Experience a plus. We can provide training and transporta- tion. 344-2643 (24 hours). inst. Sales, no cold-calls. Great Resume Builder, Great Pay, Flexible Hours Between 11am-5pm, weekdays. On bus-line. Bellevue. Call 766-0810. STILL LOOKING FOR HUNGRY STUDENTS WHO WANT TO LOSE WEIGHT, INCREASE EN- ERGY AND MAKE MONEY PART-TIME. CALL RIGHT NOW FOR DETAILS. 421-4409 or 734- 5690. No direct selling. On a substantial income by assisting us in marketing legitament business opportunities to perspective home based business owners. For a free informa- tion packet, call Apirations Achieved, 681- 3160. Part-time sales person needed for specialty toy store in Squirrel Hill. Retail experience necessary. 521-9420. Salespersons For Ski Shop Clothing and Equipment Depts. Full And Part Time. Call Ski Warehouse. 362-0702 Self-motivated, aggressive individual want- ed for part-time advertising sales position at South Hills publishing company on trolley route. Sales, editing, layout. design. $5.50/hr. plus com- mission. Internship credits may be available: 531- 97-12. Subjects needed for a one hour problem solv- ing experiment. $5 per hour. Call 624-9400 between 9 am and 12 pm for appointment. ‘k‘k‘k‘k‘kk*‘k‘k‘kik**k WANTED: Undergraduate students to proc- tor surveys. Paid positions include pay- ment for training, surveys, and bonuses. Apply for positions in G-39 Cathedral of Learning between 8:30a.m. and 5:00 p.m. NEED A JOB? But Don't Have Space in Your Schedule And still Need $$$ PITT TELEMARKETING is for YOU!!l!ll Flexible Hours, Good Pay, Time to Study, Parties, Experience, and Lots of FUN!!!!! Call 624-8284 For MORE Information. TELEFUNDRAISIN G Telephone work in our Shadyside office. Full or Part—time positions available immediately. No product to sell. Guaranteed training wage. Experience helpful, but not necessary. Take a paycheck home Friday. For interview call 661-9827 or 3634953. Female Vocalists Needed! Project; A Video Past ri c e d Lead Vocals, Dance & Harmony Call Mel, 362-7307 Auditions: Oct. 20th TO GAIN PROFESSIONAL SALES EXPERIENCE BEFORE GRADUATION FULL OR PART TIME Days 8:30-4:30 Nights 5:00-11:00 Also Flexible weekend hrs. Guaranteed Base $6.50/HOUR PLUS‘ BONUS (Min. Sched. Reg.) OUR AVERAGE EMPLOYEE MADE $7.91/HR: FOR THE PAST 8 WEEKS Top Producers Made $12.00+/HR! How Much are YOU Worth ? Ffl‘ DAYTIME or EVENING positions available. We also offer : Paid Computer Training Paid Vacation Health Benefits Avail. Guar. Salary Increases Matching 401(k) Plan Professional Office Advancement Potential reesebrothers, a national telescrvices leader, is expanding our DOWNTOWN Telefundraising and Market Research Facility. Let reesebrothers show you the PROFESSIONAL side of Telemarketing. Call immediately to reserve an interview appointment. Ask for Ms. King 765-1366 EOE M-F—V-D TREMENDOUS FINACIAI. OPPORTUNIT Account Representatives wanted to introduce new telecommunications product to Pittsburgh market. For information: Leave name ‘-921101111; -' ffrrttrﬁtiiiiim‘ Gray Enterprises EMISSIONS INSPECTOR JOB FAIR ATTENTION: RETIREES; HOUSEWIVES; STUDENTS; 2ND JOB SEEKERS, AND OTHERS SEEKING EMPLOYMENT Emission inspection company needs part- tirne lane operators, 20 to 25 hours per week, to perform physical emission inspection of automobiles. No automotive maintenance background required. Successful candidates will enjoy clean surroundings, company uniform, ﬂexible hours, $5.25 per ‘hour to start. Requirements: 18 years of age, high school diploma or equivalent, driver's license with good driving record, and good customer relations skills. Ability to operate a manual transmission a plus. Jobs available in numerous Pittsburgh locations. VISIT THE STATE JOB CENTERS OCTOBER 17-21, 1994 FOR MORE INFORMATION. NUMEROUS POSITIONS AVAILABLE. AUTOMOTIVE Pontiac 85 6000. Sport pkd. 61kmi. One own- er. Exceptionally well maintained. Best off- er. B-O. 279-1012. BICYCLES Specialized Rock Hopper. Good condition. $250. Leave message. 561-9151. SPEECH REHABILITATION SERVICE: PUB- LIC SPEAKING, STUTTERING, ARTICULA- TION, VOICE, ACCENTS, STROKE, HEAD IN- JURIES. LEAVE MESSAGE: 521-9145 Pregnant? And didn’t mean to be? Birthright 201 S. Craig St. 0Free pregnancy tests 0Confidential services Referrals to community resources. CALL: 621-1988 TREK Twelve Speed Road Bike. Good condition. $80 or best offer. _lohn 828-3359 MERCHANDISE Computers for Sale! 486 66 Mhz 425 Mb Drive 4 Mb RAM $1419. Ice-9 Computers 138 Oakland Ave(jcorner of Forbes and Oakland Ave.) Call: 681- 6621. The BETTER than Truckload Sale! JVC 100 watt dolby surround sound receiver for $250 and 10 band stereo graphic equil- izer for $100. Call 687-4034 ask for Gus. REAL ESTATE , Attention Physians: Why pay rent? Professional office condo located in beautiful surburban Greens- burgh PA. Pre-construction value, 1,900 @ 2,300 sq. ft. suites. Phone 836-6884 for additional details. ‘A’k‘k‘k***‘A'‘k‘k‘k***kk Walk to hospitals and universities from this stun- ning two bedroom, 1 1/2 bath townhouse with cen- tral air, gameroom and parking. Bernie Tengowski ’ at Howard Hanna Real Estate 687-6000. $69,900. House for rent or sale - Furnished, Regent Square. 356-7526. Strip District 2917 Penn Avenue. Commer- cial Building, three stories For Rent/Sale by owner. 813-261-0790. Webster Hall. Apartments available. Effi- ciency $540. One bedroom, one and a half bath $655. Call 621-4132. SERVICES TYPING ~kk~k1t'irttitttttttttti OAKLAND TYPING AND RESUME SERVICE For All of Your Typing (Including APA Style), and Resume Needs. Rush Service Available! Located on PITT Campus. VISA/MASTERCARD & DIS- COVER WELCOME. PHONE 681-9233. NEED A PAPER TYPED OR EDITED IN A HURRY... CALL QUIKTYPE SERVICES 231-1731 OR 6-10-8832. TYPING/ EDITING/ WORI) PROCESSING, RESUMES, APPLICATIONS, THESES, CLASS ASSIGNMENTS, Vetc... impeccable presenta- tion gives you an edge over the competition. Com petitve rates, fast service. 421-9926. RESUMES RESLIl\'lE SERVICE: Get ready for winter interviews. Call _lennil1-r at 563-4758. RESUMES AND COVER LE'I'l‘ERS. Flilili “wt:r<.l- smithing," clcsignxlavout. reprints. Visa ;\l.istci’- card/l)iscOver. Corporate Extc-nsion 681-4009. TUTOR MATHEMATICS TUTORING offers tutoring for any math subjects, physics. chemistry, statistics. English, thermodynamics, GMAT. -‘I94-MATH TRAVEL TRAVEL FREE! SPRING BREAK '95! GUAR- ANTEED LOWEST PRICES TO JAMAICA, CAN- CUN. BAHAMAS, FLORIDA, SOUTH PADRE, BAR- BADOS. BOOK EARLY AND SAVE $33! ORGAN- IZE SMALL GROUP AND TRAVEL FREE!!! SUNS- PLASH TOURS 1-800-426-7710. HEALTH OTHER Students: Need money for college? Recorded message gives details. -107-589-1867. PERSONALS Adult Datene Call Your Dream Dales At 97 6-3111 ‘ For Other Litestyles Call 976-6111 Gals, Call FREE 281-0309 6 per min. ANNOUNCEMENTS A Course A "Heartsaver" CPR class is being offered Wednesday, October 26, 6-10pm. $5 fee-CASH ONLY! To register, stop in Health Education Office, Medical Arts Building, 5th floor. ‘k*‘k‘k‘k‘k‘k‘k‘k‘k‘k‘k*i'*k If you wish to place an advertisement con- taining a person's name, it is mandatory that you present a form of identification to The Pit! News when placing the ad. Do you stuff feelings? Adult Children of Al- coholics do. Come to an ACOA support group meeting. Mondays, 6-7:30 pm. Health Education Office, Medical Arts Building , 5th floor. 383-1830. Eric Clapton tickets. Steelers. buv-sell. PSl!.Ste-ve Perry’ All shows. Great seats 800-591-6253. Leave message. Extra CASH $$$ Right out of your dorm room!!! RMD, Inc., a branch of National Marketing is right here on campus and can help you! CALL NOW! 648-4807 Food, body image, weight...Always on your mind? If you feel you think about eating too much, a free consultation by a Nutri- tionist is available. Call 383-1800 for an appointment. FREE TO PITT S'I'UI)ENTSl Weight rc-duc- tlon program is being offered Monday, Oc- tober 17, 4-5:15 pm. To register call 383- 1830 or stop in Health Education Office. Medical Arts Building, 5th floor. FREE TO PITT STUDENTSI A four week Stress Management Program will begin Wednesday, October 19, 4-5:15 pm. To reg- ister, stop in Health Education Office, Med- ical Arts Building, 5th ﬂoor, 383-1830. ‘kirk‘k‘k‘k‘k‘k*i'‘A"kk'k'k‘k‘k BIG PSYCHIC FAIR! Many readers, vendors of crystals, jewelry, native American items, and more! Saturday, October 22, llam- 6pm, Soldiers and Sailors Hall. Sponsored by Center of Light 864-3020. ‘k‘k‘k‘k‘kkkA'i'kk‘A'‘A"kirtktffffit Live off-campus? Tired of nothing being done with the problems of your apartment? The Pitt News is looking for off-campus housing horror stories. Call Matt or Christine at 648-7985. Recovery group for those who want to stop using drugs and alcohol or stay sober. Sat- urdays, 7:30-8:30 PM. 51-Z58 Forbes Quad. Call 383-1830 for more information. Tobacco Users: Have you ever thought about quitting? Call today for a free, private con- sultation. Call Health Education Office at 383-1830 to schedule an appointment. STRESS MANAGEMENT GROUPS. Develop re- laxation and coping strategies to help you manage stress. 4' weekly sessions. Call the Counseling Cen- ter for information 6487930. LOST Lose something? Find it through the PITT NEWS Classifieds! ADOPTION A happily married couple seeks to adopt newborn. We offer love, laughter, security and the brightest of futures. Help us make our home complete. Ex- penses paid. Call Debbie-Doug at 800-201-0610. ABC's and love await your child. Full time Mommy and financially secure Dad wish to adopt. Expenses paid. Call Denise and Er- nie. 1-800-224-1365. Adoption. We can give love and security to a new born. Medical, legal paid. Karen and Bob. 1-800-513-3276. Evenings or weekends. Adopt: A happily married couple wishes to share wonderful life with newborn. Can provide a loving home, good education and financial security. Medical/Legal paid. Please call Sandy and Paul 1-800-648-2229 A adoring, affluent couple will provide your precious newborn with a lifetime of love and security. Expenses paid. Call Janet and Paul, 1-800-662,-3678. STUDENT GROUPS ‘k***‘kirk*kk‘k‘k‘k‘A'* If you wish to place an advertisement con- taining a person's name, it is mandatory that you present a form of identification to The Pill News when placing the ad. CONNECTIONS: Personal e.\'plor;1tion group about self and relationships for students over 20 years old. Learn to give and receive honest feed- back. Group meets Thursdays 1l-lZ:30. Call the Counseling Center- 6418-7930. ‘kt‘k‘k‘k‘k‘k‘k‘k‘k‘k‘k‘k**kk FUND RAISING CANDY - GUARANTEED LOW- EST PRICES, LIBERAL RETURN POLICY, MCKEESPORT CANDY CO. 678-3150. IN THE COMPANY OF WOMEN: For women ‘over 20 wanting to discuss personal issues in a sup- portive and confidential atmosphere. Tuesdays 1:00- 2:50 beginning in mid-October. Call Counseling Center-6-i8-7950. RAPE RECO\’ERY- Confidential therapy group for women who have experienced the trauma of a sex- ual assault by a date. acquaintance. stranger. or gang. Group meets Mondays 2:30--1:001 Counseling Center 6-'18-7950. STUDENTS FOR LIFE meeting tonight. Anyone who has ever been affected by abortion deserves to hear Mary Beddingfield. 8:30 PM. 527 William Pitt Union. Call 681-3355 for more information. Thirtysomethingz A support group for men and women over 30 to share feelings and ideas about dealing with the challenges of being an older stud- ent. Call Counseling Center at 618-7930. GREEKS ‘k**‘k**kk‘ltkkk‘k*k If you wish to place an advertisement con- taining a person's name, it is mandatory that you present a form of identification to the PIN News when placing the ad. Cameron- Congrzttttlzttions on hotncconting court. You are the best. Good luck. l.O\‘t'. A-1:} Phi. ****‘k‘A"A"A"l'‘k‘A’*‘k Dennis, Congratulations on your C"l1£.1Iigt‘lI]t‘l1l. In Zax. the Brothers and As.soci;ttes of Lamtla (fhi .-\l- pha. _Ianc~t, we're very proud ml" you. KJV Dec Love in A()TC ‘kkk‘ki"k‘kk‘k‘k‘k‘kk‘ki"k LEARN TO SKYDIVF.- 20TH ANNIVERSARY DISCOUNTS for 1st time jumpers at CAN- TON AIR SPORTS. For more information and free brochure, call 1-800-772-4174. I’ll\'.-\.- You rt-:tll_\' gaw u.- our tnom'\"~ xvorth. \\"< will do ;tn\'thint; for :1 buck. 'llt;mk.~ for ;i great mix- er, you can dare us ;1n\'tirnc. Love. .-\-Ii-Plii. Th<-ta LIhi- We'll go to school any (l;l_\' tor you it \\‘t- an-n ‘I <r‘nl hack to the principle 'l'h;tnk~ for -.1 gr:-;tt llll.\'(‘F. we learnecl a lot. l.r~\'<- .-\-li-Phi Classified Advertising Hours: Mon.-Fri, 9-5. Call 648-79 78-9. 16 . The Pitt News, Monday, October 17, 1994 ANNOUNCING TH E DHCOVE K CARD ‘$23 TEIEHBEB (Hurry, it won’t be here forlong.) Apply for the Discover® Card by November 10. Spend $75. Get $25 back’? NO Annual Fee. ...~.». ~.-.»- F YOU I>0N’T GOT IT MEMBERNETWORK ©1994 Greenwood Trust Company, Member FDIC GET IT ’" *This offer valid for Discover Card applicaxions received by 1 l 10 94, that are approved and enrolled between 9/21 and 1 1/2, . ' Offer va1ld for purchases made by 3/ 31/ 95. Cash a.dvances/ nce transfers excluded. Offer limited to one rebate per ace . WHERE In co to 43151" 11': William Pitt Union, 9am - 5pm, Monday thru Wednesday, October 17-19
github_open_source_100_8_20226	Github OpenSource	Various open source	import SoundFontPlayer from "soundfont-player"; import AudioContext from "./AudioContext"; const NullSoundFontPlayerNoteAudio = { stop() {} }; const NullSoundFontPlayer = { play() { return NullSoundFontPlayerNoteAudio; } }; const AudioPlayer = () => { //Audio Context const audioContext = AudioContext && new AudioContext(); //soundPlayer let soundPlayer = NullSoundFontPlayer; //setInstrument const Player = { setInstrument(instrumentName) { SoundFontPlayer.instrument(audioContext, instrumentName) .then(soundfontPlayer => { soundPlayer = soundfontPlayer; }) .catch(e => { soundPlayer = NullSoundFontPlayer; }); }, playNote(note) { soundPlayer.play(note); } }; return Player; }; export default AudioPlayer;
1870115_1	Wikipedia	CC-By-SA	atau juga biasa disingkat Ike-para adalah sebuah drama televisi Jepang yang ditayangkan di Fuji TV pada tahun 2007. Drama ini dibintangi oleh Maki Horikita, Shun Oguri, dan Toma Ikuta. Syuting drama ini berlokasi di Universitas Ryutsu Keizai. Sebuah episode spesial telah ditayangkan secara regular dengan pemain yang sama. Cerita berlatar setengah tahun setelah identitas Mizuki sebagai perempuan terbongkar. Itu dekat dengan hari valentine, dan Sano dan Nakatsu sedang membicarakan liburan musim panas minggu lalu. Disitu cerita kembali ke seminggu yang lalu saat liburan musim panas, yang berada di antara episode 7 dan 8. Syuting dimulai pada tanggal 19 Maret 2008. Sebuah konferensi yang diadakan pada tanggal 18 September 2008 mengumumkan keterangan lengkap episode spesial tersebut yang berjudul. Sebuah remake drama ini dengan pemeran yang berbeda ditayangkan di Fuji TV saat musim panas tahun 2011. Sinopsis Mizuki Ashiya (Maki Horikita) adalah seorang gadis Jepang yang tinggal di United States. Pada suatu hari, ia melihat seorang atlet muda Izumi Sano dalam suatu kompetisi lompat tinggi di televisi. Ia pun mulai mengidolakannya. Suatu hari, pada saat di Amerika Sano mengalami cedera karena berusaha menolong Mizuki kabur dari penjahat. Ia berhenti menjadi atlet lompat tinggi sejak saat itu. Mizuki menyalahkan dirinya sendiri atas insiden itu dan memutuskan untuk pergi ke Jepang dan membantu Sano untuk kembali menjadi atlet lompat tinggi. Sano bersekolah di sekolah pria, sehingga Mizuki harus berpura-pura menjadi seorang pria untuk bertemu dengannya lagi. Sano mulai mengetahui identitas Mizuki yang sebenarnya ketika kakak Mizuki datang ke Jepang. Sano menyembunyikan fakta bahwa ia tahu identitas Mizuki yang sebenarnya sehingga ia tidak kembali ke Amerika. Sano yang mulai dekat dengan Mizuki mencoba untuk melakukan lompat tinggi lagi. Di tengah cerita, Mizuki jatuh cinta pada Sano. Sementara itu, Shuichi Nakatsu (Toma Ikuta), teman baik Sano, jatuh cinta pada Mizuki. Nakatsu sedang mencari shampoo ketika ia tidak sengaja melihat Mizuki sedang mandi dan mengetahui bahwa Mizuki adalah seorang wanita. Nakatsu dan Sano mencoba untuk membuat Mizuki tidak kembali ke Amerika. Ketika Mizuki berlari ke tempat kompetisi Sano untuk membawakan jimat keberuntungannya, ia menabrak Hibari Hanayashiki (Iwasa Mayuko). Tanpa sengaja ia menjatuhkan dompetnya dan membuat Hibari tahu tentang identitasnya yang sebenarnya. Hibari menunjukkan passport yang ada di dalamnya ke kepala asrama tiga. Ia tidak bisa menunjukkannya kepada kepala asrama karena Nakatsu mengganggunya. Ia hanya dapat memberi tahu bahwa ada seorang gadis di sekolah itu. Pencarian pun dimulai dan Mizuki merasa gugup, tetapi Nakatsu dan Sano menyusun rencana untuk menutupi identitas Mizuki yang sebenarnya. Suatu hari, kepala asrama melihat seorang gadis sedang berganti pakaian di kantor dan memanggil Mizuki. Sejak saat itu mereka tahu bahwa Mizuki adalah seorang wanita. Sano dan Nakatsu juga mengaku bahwa ia sudah mengetahui hal itu bahkan sebelum kepala asrama mengetahuinya. Kepala asrama membiarkannya untuk tetap disana hingga kelulusan, tetapi pada suatu hari saat teman-temannya sedang mempersiapkan untuk maid cafe, Mizuki jatuh dari tangga. Teman-temannya membuka pakaiannya dan mengetahui bahwa ia adalah seorang wanita membuat Mizuki memutuskan untuk kembali ke Amerika. Teman-temannya mengantar kepergian Miyuki hingga Miyuki naik mobil untuk pergi ke bandara, sementara Sano dan perawat sekolah mengantarnya hingga ke bandara dan Sano memberikan sebuah ciuman selamat tinggal untuk Mizuki. Untuk episode special Hana Kimi, menceritakan tentang Sano dan Nakatsu yang mengingat ingatan tentang bagaimana Sano jatuh cinta pada Mizuki. Cerita itu bersetting di antara episode 7 dan 8 di mana teman Mizuki dari Amerika, Julie, datang ke Osaka Gakuen untuk menjemput Mizuki untuk kembali ke Amerika. Ketika Julie berada di Jepang, ia berakting sebagai kekasih Mizuki untuk melihat apakah Sano peduli terhadap Mizuki. Pemeran Informasi episode Perbedaan Meskipun drama ini merupakan adaptasi manga, tetapi ada banyak perbedaan antara manga tersebut dengan drama ini. Meskipun konsep dan karakternya sama, ceritanya dideskripsikan secara berbeda. Sebagai contoh, di manga Sano cedera karena menyelamatkan temannya, sementara di drama Sano cedera karena menyelamatkan Mizuki. Ada juga yang jenis kelaminnya berbeda di manga dan drama. Akiha merupakan seorang pria dalam manganya, tetapi dalam drama, Akiha adalah seorang wanita. Perbedaan lainnya juga terdapat pada adegan Sano dan Nakatsu yang mengetahui bahwa Mizuki adalah wanita. Dalam manga, Sano mengetahui Mizuki adalah wanita ketika tanpa sengaja "merasakan tubuhnya", tetapi di drama Sano mengetahui hal itu ketika ia tanpa sengaja mendengar percakapan Mizuki dengan kakaknya. Sementara untuk Nakatsu, dalam drama Nakatsu mengetahui jenis kelamin Mizuki lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan di manga, di mana Nakatsu baru mengetahui hal itu bersama dengan teman-teman lainnya. Musik Soundtrack Peach (Ditampilkan oleh: Ai Otsuka) Ikenai Taiyou (Ditampilkan oleh: Orange Range) IKEMEN Boogie Men of Paradise St.BLOSSOM Go to School! HA.NA.ZA Carnival Save Me Early Summer IKE-MEN 2007 I can't tell you why Boyz be ambitious! Beautiful Enough Into a Nap Be Silent OSAKA♂Boyz IKEMEN Boogie Nights I am Lady I can't tell you why (reprise) Emergency Sand Time Is This Spiritual Trap Happy PEACH (IKEMEN☆instrumental version) Lagu Insert My Love oleh Ai Kawashima Boom boom boom oleh Hiromi Go (tidak ditampilkan di tayangan TVB serial ini) Paradise Ginga oleh Hikaru Genji Tomaranai Ha~Ha oleh Eikichi Yazawa Girlfriend oleh Avril Lavigne ( oleh Ai Otsuka dimainkan di TVB broadcast serial ini) Oh My Julia oleh Checkers Penayangan internasional Filipina Tanggal tayang: 24 Maret 2008 hingga 25 April 2008 Jaringan: GMA Network Theme song: PEACH oleh Ai Otsuka Hong Kong Tanggal tayang: 4 Mei 2008 hingga 27 Juli 2008 Jaringan: TVB Jade China Tanggal tayang: 16 Januari 2009 hingga 26 Januari 2009 Jaringan: Xing Kong Indonesia Tanggal tayang: 18 Juni 2011 hingga 15 Juli 2011 Jaringan: Indosiar Malaysia Tanggal tayang: Oktober 2008 hingga Januari 2009 Jaringan: 8TV Korea Tanggal tayang: 15 Agustus 2012 hingga 4 Oktober 2012 Jaringan: tv.sbs.co.kr Penghargaan 11th Nikkan Sports Drama Grand Prix (Tahunan): Aktris Terbaik - Maki Horikita 11th Nikkan Sports Drama Grand Prix (Tahunan): Aktor Pendukung Terbaik - Toma Ikuta 54th Television Drama Academy Awards: Drama Terbaik 54th Television Drama Academy Awards: Aktris Terbaik - Maki Horikita 54th Television Drama Academy Awards: Aktor Pendukung Terbaik - Toma Ikuta TVnavi Magazine 2007 Drama Awards: Aktor Pendukung Terbaik - Shun Oguri Catatan Sebuah kontes Hana Kimi Ouji untuk para ikemen (pria tampan) telah diumumkan. Kontes itu untuk siapapun yang terlihat seperti anak SMA; perempuan juga boleh mendaftar. Pemenangnya akan mendapat kesempatan untuk muncul sebagai tambahan dalam drama. Lihat juga Hanazakari no Kimitachi e (remake 2011) Referensi Pranala luar ReviewAsia - Hanazakari no Kimitachi e Review Naskah Jepang "Hanazakari no Kimitachi e" Drama televisi Jepang Drama televisi Fuji Television Kontribusi Bulan Asia Wikipedia.
github_open_source_100_8_20227	Github OpenSource	Various open source	growth <- function(x, p) x * p$r * (1 - x / p$K) consumption <- function(x, p) p$a * x ^ p$Q / (x^p$Q + p$H^p$Q) theory <- function(p){ tibble(x= seq(0,2, length.out = 100)) %>% mutate(growth = growth(x,p), consumption = consumption(x,p)) %>% mutate(potential = - cumsum(growth - consumption)) %>% gather(curve, y, -x, -potential) } may <- function(x, p) x + growth(x,p) - consumption(x,p) #x + x * p$r * (1 - x / p$K) - p$a * x ^ p$Q / (x ^ p$Q + p$H ^ p$Q) stochastic_sim <- function(f, p){ x <- numeric(p$N) x[1] <- p$x0 dBt <- rnorm(p$N, 0, p$sigma) for(t in 1:(p$N-1)){ x[t+1] <- max( f(x[t], p) + x[t] * dBt[t], 0) } data.frame(t = 1:p$N, x) } det_sim <- function(f, p){ x <- numeric(p$N) x[1] <- p$x0 for(t in 1:(p$N-1)){ x[t+1] <- f(x[t], p) } data.frame(t = 1:p$N, x) }
github_open_source_100_8_20228	Github OpenSource	Various open source	/* * Copyright 2011 Delving B.V. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. / package controllers import java.io.{ PrintWriter, StringWriter } import play.api.Logger import play.api.Play.current import play.api.mvc.{ Controller, Results, Result } import models.OrganizationConfiguration import extensions.Email import util.Quotes /* * Unified logging for controllers * * @author Manuel Bernhardt <bernhardt.manuel@gmail.com> / trait Logging extends Secured { self: Controller with MultitenancySupport => protected val log = Logger("CultureHub") import ErrorReporter._ def Forbidden[A](implicit request: MultitenantRequest[A]): Result = { warning("Forbidden") Results.Forbidden } def Forbidden[A](why: String)(implicit request: MultitenantRequest[A]) = { warning(why) Results.Forbidden(why) } def NotFound[A](why: String)(implicit request: MultitenantRequest[A]) = { info(why) Results.NotFound(views.html.errors.notFound(request, why, None)) } def Error[A](implicit request: MultitenantRequest[A]) = { log.error(withContext("Internal server error")) reportError(request, "Internal server error") Results.InternalServerError(views.html.errors.error(None, None)) } def Error[A](why: String)(implicit request: MultitenantRequest[A]) = { log.error(withContext(why)) reportError(request, why) Results.InternalServerError(views.html.errors.error(None, Some(why))) } def Error[A](why: String, t: Throwable)(implicit request: MultitenantRequest[A]) = { log.error(withContext(why), t) reportError(request, t, why) Results.InternalServerError(views.html.errors.error(None, Some(why))) } // ~~~ Logger wrappers, with more context def info[A](message: String, args: String)(implicit request: MultitenantRequest[A]) { log.info(withContext(m(message, args))) } def warning[A](message: String, args: String)(implicit request: MultitenantRequest[A]) { log.warn(withContext(m(message, args))) } def logError[A](message: String, args: String)(implicit request: MultitenantRequest[A], configuration: OrganizationConfiguration) { log.error(withContext(m(message, args))) reportError(request, if (message != null) message.format(args) else "") } def logError[A](e: Throwable, message: String, args: String)(implicit request: MultitenantRequest[A], configuration: OrganizationConfiguration) { log.error(withContext(m(message, args)), e) reportError(request, if (message != null) message.format(args) else "") } def reportSecurity[A](message: String)(implicit request: MultitenantRequest[A]) { log.error("Attempted security breach: " + message) ErrorReporter.reportError(securitySubject, toReport(message, request)) } private def m(message: String, args: Seq[String]) = { if (args.length > 0) { message.format(args: _) } else { message } } private def withContext[A](msg: String)(implicit request: MultitenantRequest[A]) = { "[%s] While accessing %s %s: %s".format(request.session.get("userName").getOrElse("Unknown") + "@" + configuration.orgId, request.method, request.uri, msg) } private def securitySubject[A](implicit request: MultitenantRequest[A]) = "***[CultureHub] Security alert on %s".format(request.domain) } object ErrorReporter { def reportError[A](request: MultitenancySupport#MultitenantRequest[A], message: String)(implicit configuration: OrganizationConfiguration) { reportError(subject(request), toReport(message, request)) } def reportError[A](request: MultitenancySupport#MultitenantRequest[A], e: Throwable, message: String)(implicit configuration: OrganizationConfiguration) { reportError(subject(request), toReport(message, e, request)) } def reportError(job: String, t: Throwable, message: String)(implicit configuration: OrganizationConfiguration) { reportError("[CultureHub] An error occured on node %s".format(configuration.commonsService.nodeName), toReport(job, message, t)) } def reportError(subject: String, report: String)(implicit configuration: OrganizationConfiguration) { Email(configuration.emailTarget.systemFrom, subject) .to(configuration.emailTarget.exceptionTo) .withContent( """ \|Master, \| \|an error has happened: \| \|%s \| \| \|---- \|%s """.stripMargin.format(report, Quotes.randomQuote())) .send() } private def getUser[A](request: MultitenancySupport#MultitenantRequest[A]) = request.session.get("userName").getOrElse("Unknown") private def subject[A](request: MultitenancySupport#MultitenantRequest[A]) = "[CultureHub] An error occured on %s".format(request.domain) // port? def toReport(job: String, m: String, t: Throwable): String = { val sw = new StringWriter() val pw = new PrintWriter(sw) t.printStackTrace(pw) """ ~~~ Job ~~~ %s ~~~ Message ~~~ %s ~~~ Throwable message ~~~ %s ~~~ Stacktrace~~~ %s """.format(job, m, t.getMessage, sw.toString) } def toReport[A](m: String, request: MultitenancySupport#MultitenantRequest[A]) = { """ ~~~~ User ~~~ %s ~~~ Message ~~~ %s ~~~ Request context ~~~ %s""".format(getUser(request), m, fullContext(request)) } def toReport[A](m: String, t: Throwable, request: MultitenancySupport#MultitenantRequest[A]): String = { val sw = new StringWriter() val pw = new PrintWriter(sw) t.printStackTrace(pw) """ ~~~ User ~~~ %s ~~~ Message ~~~ %s ~~~ Throwable message ~~~ %s ~~~ Stacktrace~~~ %s ~~~ Request context ~~~ %s""".format(getUser(request), m, t.getMessage, sw.toString, fullContext(request)) } private def fullContext[A](request: MultitenancySupport#MultitenantRequest[A]) = { """\| \|URL: %s \|METHOD: %s \|HTTP PARAMS: \|%s \|HTTP HEADERS: \|%s""".stripMargin.format( request.uri, request.method, request.queryString.map(pair => " " + pair._1 + ": " + pair._2.mkString(", ")).mkString("\n"), request.headers.toMap.map(pair => " " + pair._1 + ": " + pair._2.mkString(", ")).mkString("\n")) } }
github_open_source_100_8_20229	Github OpenSource	Various open source	#ifndef NETWORKING_H #define NETWORKING_H #include <stdbool.h> #include <sys/time.h> #include <pthread.h> #include <signal.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include "headers.h" #include "misc.h" #ifdef SSL_SUPPORT #include "ssl.h" #endif #define NR_CONNECTION_STATE (5) enum connectionState { OPENED = 0, PROCESSING = 1, ABORTED = 2, CLOSED = 3, FREED = 4 }; struct timing { struct timespec states[NR_CONNECTION_STATE]; struct timespec lastUpdate; }; typedef struct handler (handlerGetter_t)(struct metaData metaData, const char host, struct bind* bind); struct threads { pthread_t request; pthread_t response; pthread_t helper[2]; struct handler handler; int requestFd; int responseFd; int _requestFd; int _responseFd; }; struct connection { enum connectionState state; struct peer peer; struct bind* bind; volatile sig_atomic_t inUse; int readfd; int writefd; struct metaData metaData; struct headers headers; size_t currentHeaderLength; char* currentHeader; struct timing timing; struct threads threads; #ifdef SSL_SUPPORT struct ssl_connection* sslConnection; #endif }; struct binds { int number; struct bind* binds; }; struct networkingConfig { struct binds binds; long connectionTimeout; long maxConnections; struct headers defaultHeaders; handlerGetter_t getHandler; }; #define CLEANUP_INTERVAl (1000) #define LISTEN_BACKLOG (1024) #define TIMING_CLOCK CLOCK_REALTIME #define DEFAULT_MAX_CONNECTIONS (1024) #define DEFAULT_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT (30000) void networking_init(struct networkingConfig networkingConfig); #endif
US-24229262-A_1	USPTO	Public Domain	Low-noise type traveling wave tube with an electrostatic field retarding spurious electron flow June 13, 1967 c. BIGUENET 3,325,669 LOW-NOISE TYPE TRAVELING WAVE TUBE WITH AN ELECTROSTATIC FIELD RETARDING SPURIOUS ELECTRONFLOW Filed Dec. 1962 INVENTOR Chsleuzucr 1 ATTORNE United States Patent 3,325,669 LOW-l (ESE TYPE TRAVELING WAVE TUBE WITH AN ELEETROSTATIC HELD RETARDING SPU- RIQUS ELECTRQN FLGW Charles Biguenet, Paris, France, assignor to CSF Compagnie Generate de Telegraphic Sans Fii, Paris, France Fiied Dec. 4, 1962, Ser. No. 242,292 Claims priority, application France, Dec. 7, 1961, 381,225 Patent 1,315,169 7 Claims. (Cl. 315-35) The present invention relates to traveling wave tubes of the O-type, which may be either forward or backward amplifiers or oscillators, and aims at suppressing or at least reducing the noise or at least a portion of the noise due to certain causes which degrade the performances of this type of tubes. In the usual tubes of this type, the beam is delivered by a gun comprising generally two anodes, of which the second anode is carried at the potential of the delay circuit in such a manner as to define an interaction space without electrostatic field. The second anode is additionally realized constructively in such a manner as to shield the gun space with respect to the interaction space. The first anode, located within the gun space in front of the second anode, is carried at a reiatively low positive potential, rather close to that of a cathode and very much lower to that of the delay circuit. Extensive research by applicant has revealed a phenomenon which may be held responsive for a large portion of the noise which affects the operation of the O-type tubes, it being understood however, that the validity of the claims herein is not dependent on the accuracy of the underlying theory to be described hereinafter. This phenomenon consists in the liberation of secondary electrons as a result of the impact of certain electrons of the beam on the first element of the delay line whereby these secondary electrons displace themselves within the space without field at low speed in counter flow to the primary beam, that is, substantially in the opposite direction, and produce by interaction with the electrons of the primary beam, the starting of parasitic oscillations of which the frequency is of the order of 2 to megacycles. These oscillations, which produce noise, in turn excite plasma oscillations within the beam, which plasma is formed by the mixture of electrons of the beam with the ions of the residual gasses within the tube, ions which are carried by the troughs of the potential formed within the beam by reason of the space charge thereof. These plasma oscillations add still further noise though at frequencies clearly lower, for example, between 400 and 1200 kilocycles. The present invention provides means for suppressing the aforementioned displacement of the secondary electrons issued from the first element of the delay line in counterfiow to the principal beam which, in turn, suppresses the parasitic oscillations described hereinabove and therefore the plasma oscillations while also eliminating the noise resulting therefrom. According to the present invention, there is used a gun provided with one single anode at a potential very much lower than that of the delay line, in combination with a particular form of the first element of the delay circuit such that the shielding between the gun space and the interaction space is incomplete but that the beam nevertheless is sufficiently defined, taking into consideration the desired band of electronic tuning of the tube. Because of this incomplete shielding, the electric field of the gun space penetrates slightly into the first portion of the interaction space and creates therein a component which opposes the undesired movement of the secondary electrons. The first element of the delay line according to the 3,325,559 Patented June 13, 1961 ice present invention is therefore larger than the normai elements but will be pierced by one or several window: forming an electron-optical system suitable to assure the desired definition of the beam. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention tc provide a traveling wave tube structure, and more particularly an O-type traveling wave tube structure which eliminates in a simple and effective manner the shortcomings encountered in the prior art constructions. It is another object of the present invention to provide an O-type traveling wave tube, either amplifier or oscillator of the forward or backward type, in which the noise or at least a substantial portion of the noise is substantially eliminated. A further object of the present invention resides in the provision of an O-type traveling wave tube which, by simple means, effectively reduces in an extremely reliable and effective manner, noises due to parasitic oscillations. A still further object of the present invention resides in the provision of means associated with an O-type traveling wave tube which effectively prevents the counterflow of secondary electrons emitted from the initial part of the delay line which are susceptible of producing disturbances and noises in the tube during operation thereof. Still another object of the present invention resides in the provision of means associated with an O-type traveling wave tube which considerably improves the operating characteristics thereof especially as regards the signal to noise ratio. These and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more obvious from the following description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawing which shows, for purposes of illustration only, one embodiment in accordance with the present invention, and wherein FIGURE 1 is a longitudinal cross sectional view of an O-type traveling wave tube, for example, a backward wave oscillator utilizing the means in accordance with the present invention; FIGURE 2 is a cross sectional view, taken at right angles to the cross sectional view of FIGURE 1, of a portion of the tube illustrated in FIGURE 1, and FIGURE 3 is a lateral view of the first finger of a delay line in accordance with the present invention as used with the tube of FIGURES 1 and 2. Referring now to the drawing wherein like reference numerals are used throughout the various views to designate like parts, the illustrated embodiment represents an O-type backward wave oscillator or Carcinotron provided with an inter-digital delay line along both sides of which flow two parallel beams in the form of ribbons. Consequently, in the illustrated embodiment there has been shown an electron gun, of any known conventional construction, which supplies such a pair of beams. Since such a gun is well known in the art, a detailed description thereof is dispensed with herein. The gun which is located within an evacuated metallic enclosure 1 comprises a cathode 2, a Wehnelt electrode 3 and a single anode 4. The electrode 3 is carried at the negative potential of the source 5 with respect to the cathode 2 whereas the anode 4 is carried at a positive potential with respect to the cathode 2 but very much lower than the positive potential at which is carried the envelope 1 with respect to the cathode 2. The electrodes 3 and 4 are each provided with two windows 6, 7 and 8, 9, respectively, through which pass the laminar beams 10 and 11. The envelope 1 contains in addition an interdigital line 12 of which the last elements 13 and 14 are covered with an attenuation as usual in backward wave oscillator tubes. This line 12 is fixed to the walls of the envelope 1 and is, therefore, carried at the same potential as the latter. The 3 envelope 1 terminates in a portion 15 forming the collector for the beams and 11. The tube is placed within 1 longitudinal magnetic focusing field, indicated only by the arrow B, the illustration of the source of the magnetic field being omitted herein to simplify the drawing. The first finger 16 of the delay line 12 is of a particular shape and form. As shown in FIGURES 1 and 3, the first finger 16 is wider than the normal fingers, and is provided additionally with two windows 17 and 1-8 for the passage therethrough of the beams 10- and 11, the position of these windows 17 and 18 being such that the beams 10 and 11 pass close to the normal fingers of the delay line 12 on both sides thereof. Furthermore, this finger 16 is longer than the normal fingers so as to extend through the insulating passage 19 to the outside of the envelope 1 and to be able to be connected with a line 20 through which the high frequency output energy of the backward wave oscillator is removed. This finger 16 therefore shields incompletely the interaction space 23 adjacent the delay line with respect to the gun space 24. It leaves in effect the passages 21 and 22 through which may slightly penetrate into the first portion of the interaction space 23 the electrostatic field created between the envelope 1 and the anode 4. The operation of this tube as backward wave oscillator does not require any explanation since it is well known per se. Nevertheless, the operation thereof is substantially and significantly improved in accordance with the present invention by the suppression or radical reduction of noise which is attributed by the inventor to the effect of penetration of the electrostatic field through the passages 21 and 22 into the first portion of the space 23, this field opposing the movement, in a direction opposite to the beams 10 and 11, of secondary electrons liberated by the impact of these beams on the first elements of the line 12. The improvements according to the present invention may be advantageously combined with other known means for reducing noise, such as the realization of the delay line in an adequate manner to prevent the liberation of seconday electrons by impact from electrons of the beam, for example, by providing the line with a coating having a small coetficient of secondary emission, or with small inclined facets in order to increase the angle of im- 1 pact so that this impact does not skim along the impact surface which, as is known, favors the secondary emission. These facets may be realized by a simple technological process such as sand-blasting, milling, sparking, electrolitic erosion, etc., as is known per se in the prior art. 7 While I have shown and described one embodiment in accordance with the present invention, it is understood that the same is not limited thereto, but is susceptible of all those changes and modifications known to a person skilled in the art. In particular, the present invention does not depend on the particular configuration of the delay circuit nor on the form or number of beams, and is applicable, not only to backward oscillators, but also to amplifiers and other types of O-type oscillators. Thus, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein, but is susceptible of numerous changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, and I therefore do not wish to be limited to the detail shown and described herein, but intend to cover all such changes and modifications as are encompassed by the scope of the appended claims. I claim: 1. In an O-type traveling wave tube having, within an evacuated enclosure, an electron gun space adjacent to an interaction space, an electron gun structure including a cathode and an anode in said electron gun space, a delay circuit including a series of periodically spaced elements in said interaction space, means for carrying said cathode at a predetermined negative potential with respect to said delay circuit, and means for carrying the anode at a potential intermediate said cathode and said delay circuit potentials, the improvement of reducing the noise within said tube essentially consisting of locating the first element of said delay circuit elements at a distance close enough to said anode to produce an electrostatic field, said first element being shaped to form passages from said gun space into said interaction space, and said passages being formed between said first element and the walls of said evacuated enclosure to allow a slight penetration of said electrostatic field into said interaction space in the proximity of said first element. 2. In an O-type traveling wave tube having, within an evacuated enclosure, an electron gun space adjacent to an interaction space, an electron gun structure including a cathode and an anode in said electron gun space, a delay circuit including a series of periodically spaced elements in said interaction space, means for carrying said cathode at a predetermined negative potential with respect to said delay circuit, and means for carrying the anode at a potential intermediate said cathode and said delay circuit potentials, the improvement of reducing the noise within said tube which essentially consists of locating the first element of said delay circuit elements at a distance close enough to said anode to produce an electrostatic field, said first element serving to partially shield said interaction space with respect to said electron gun space, said first element having an enlarged form relative to the other delay circuit elements thereby forming with said evacuated enclosure at least one passage for an intercommunication between said interaction space and said electron gun space to allow a slight penetration of said electrostatic field into said interaction space in the proximity of said first element. 3. In an O-type traveling wave tube having, within an evacuated enclosure, an electron gun space adjacent to an interaction space, an electron gun structure including a cathode and an anode in said electron gun space, a delay circuit including a series of periodically spaced elements in said interaction space, means for carrying said cathode at a predetermined negative potential with respect to said delay circuit, and means for carrying the anode at a potential intermediate said cathode and said delay circuit potentials, the improvement of reducing the noise within said tube which essentially consists of locating the first element of said delay circuit elements at a distance close enough to said anode to produce an electrostatic field, said first element serving to partially shield said interaction space with respect to said electron gun space, said first element having an enlarged form relative to the other delay circuit elements thereby forming with said evacuated enclosure at least one passage for an intercommunication between said interaction space and said electron gun space to allow a slight penetration of said electrostatic field into said interaction space in the proximity of said first element, said first delay circuit element having in its surface at least one slot in alignment with the path of the electron beam emitted by said electron gun to enable passage of said beam into said interaction space. 4. An O-type traveling wave tube comprising enclosure means forming effectively an electron gun space and an interaction space, electron gun means within said electron gun space and including cathode and an anode means, wave guide means including a series of periodically spaced elements in said interaction space, and means for reducing the noise within said tube by so arranging said anode means and said wave guiding means as to enable an electrostatic field established between said anode means and said enclosure means to leak into said interaction space so as to oppose counterflow movement of secondary electrons present therein, said last-named means being effectively constituted by locating the first element of said wave guiding means close enou to said anode means to produce said electrostatic field, said first element being of larger size than the other of said P ically Spacedielements so as to incompletely shield said interaction space with respect to said electron gun space to enable said leakage of said electrostatic field. 5. An O-type traveling wave tube comprising enclosure means forming efiectively an electron gun space and an interaction space, electron gun means within said electron gun space and including cathode and an anode means, wave guiding means including a series of periodically spaced elements in said interaction space, and means for reducing the noise Within said tube by so arranging said anode means and said wave guiding means as to enable an electrostatic field set up, during operation of the tube, between said anode means and said enclosure means to leak into said interaction space so as to oppose counterfloW movement of secondary electrons present therein, said last-named means being etfectively constituted by cating the first element of said wave guiding means at a distance close enough to said anode means to produce said electrostatic field, and said first element having an enlarged form relative to the other delay circuit elements thereby forming With said enclosure means at least one passage constituting a leakage path for said electrostatic field between said interaction space and said electron gun space for incompletely shielding said interaction space with respect to said electron gun space. 6. In an O-type traveling wave tube provided with enclosure wall means etfectively forming an electron gun space and an interaction space, electron gun means within said electron gun space and including cathode means and anode means, wave guiding means in said interaction space, means for carrying said cathode at a predetermined negative potential with respect to said wave guiding means, the improvement essentially consisting of means positioned within said interaction space closely adjacent said anode means for producing an electrostatic field within the region of the portion of said wave guiding means near said electron gun space, said means providing passages from said gun space into said interaction spaci along said enclosure wall means to partially shield sai interaction space to provide a slight leakage of said elec trostatic field into said interaction space to oppose coun ter-fiow of secondary electrons emitted within said inter action space. 7. In an O-type traveling wave tube provided with en closure wall means effectively forming an electron gui space and an interaction space, electron means withii said electron gun space and including cathode means 8.I1( anode means, Wave guiding means including a series 0 periodically spacyed elements in said interaction space means for carrying said cathode at a predetermined neg ative potential with respect to said wave guiding means the improvement essentially consisting of said anodi means comprising a single anode structure in said electroi gun space, said first element of said wave guiding mean being positioned closely adjacent said anode means ti produce an electrostatic field, said first element formin; passages between said electron gun space and said inter action space along said enclosure wall means to incom pletely shield said interaction space from said electrostatil field and produce a slight electrostatic field within thi region of said first element in said interaction space, sai electrostatic field having a polarity to oppose the counter flow of secondary electrons emitted within said inter action space. References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,936,393 5/1960 Currie et al. 315-1 2,941,113 6/1960 Johnson et al. 315-3.! 3,171,054 2/1965 Dong et al. 3153..' 3,213,314 10/1965 Reverdin 3153.. HERMAN KARL SAALBACH, Primary Examiner. E. LIEBERMAN, -R. D. COHN, Assistant Examiners. 1. IN AN O-TYPE TRAVELING WAVE TUBE HAVING, WITHIN AN EVACUATED ENCLOSURE, AN ELECTRON GUN ADJACENT TO AN INTERACTION SPACE, AN ELECTRON GUN STRUCTURE INCLUDING A CATHODE AND AN ANODE IN SAID ELECTRON GUN SPACE, A DELAY CIRCUIT INCLUDING A SERIES OF PERIODICALLY SPACED ELEMENTS IN SAID INTERACTION SPACE, MEANS FOR CARRYING SAID CATHODE AT A PREDETERMINED NEGATIVE POTENTIAL WITH RESPECT TO SAID DELAY CIRCUIT, AND MEANS FOR CARRYING THE ANODE AT A POTENTIAL INTERMEDIATE SAID CATHODE AND SAID DELAY CIRCUIT POTENTIALS, THE IMPROVEMENT OF REDUCING THE NOISE WITHIN SAID TUBE ESSENTIALLY CONSISTING OF LOCATING THE FIRST ELEMENT OF SAID DELAY CIRCUIT ELEMENTS AT A DISTANCE CLOSE ENOUGH TO SAID ANODE TO PRODUCE AN ELECTROSTATIC FIELD, SAID FIRST ELEMENT BEING SHAPED TO FORM PASSAGES FROM SAID GUN SPACE INTO SAID INTERACTION SPACE, AND SAID PASSAGES BEING FORMED BETWEEN SAID FIRST ELEMENT AND THE WALLS OF SAID EVACUATED ENCLOSURE TO ALLOW A SLIGHT PENETRATION OF SAID ELECTROSTATIC FIELD INTO SAID INTERACTION SPACE IN THE PROXIMITY OF SAID FIRST ELEMENT..
github_open_source_100_8_20230	Github OpenSource	Various open source	class Spree::StoreCreditCategory < Spree::Base class_attribute :non_expiring_credit_types self.non_expiring_credit_types = [Spree::StoreCreditType::NON_EXPIRING] class_attribute :reimbursement_category_name self.reimbursement_category_name = I18n.t('spree.store_credit_category.default') def self.reimbursement_category(_reimbursement) Spree::StoreCreditCategory.find_by(name: reimbursement_category_name) \|\| Spree::StoreCreditCategory.first end def non_expiring? self.class.non_expiring_credit_types.include? name end end
5961416_1	courtlistener	Public Domain	Order, Supreme Court, New York County (Alice Schlesinger, J.), entered August 28, 1992, dismissing plaintiff’s complaint for failure to state a cause of action, unanimously affirmed, without costs. The IAS Court correctly held that because decedent’s fiancé was not a member of her immediate family, plaintiff has no cognizable cause of action for extreme emotional distress allegedly caused by his having witnessed the fatal injuries she suffered as a result of defendants’ negligence (Bovsun v Sanperi, 61 NY2d 219). Concur—Carro, J. P., Milonas, Ellerin and Kassal, JJ.
github_open_source_100_8_20231	Github OpenSource	Various open source	Imports System.IO Imports System.Windows.Forms Imports System.Drawing Partial Public Class WinOfflineUI Private Sub InitCLISwitchPanel() Dim rtbText As New ArrayList rtbOptions.Text = WinOffline.Utility.ReplaceWord(rtbOptions.Text, "WinOffline", Globals.ProcessFriendlyName) For Each line As String In rtbOptions.Lines rtbText.Add(line) Next rtbOptions.Text = "" For Each line As String In rtbText rtbOptions.AppendText(line + Environment.NewLine) If line.Contains("Purpose") Or line.Contains("License") Or line.Contains("Requirements") Or line.Contains("Multi-Purpose Application") Or line.Contains("WinOffline Debug Log") Or line.Contains("WinOffline Exit Codes") Or line.Contains("Deviations from ApplyPTF functionality") Or line.Contains("Custom Supported JCL tags") Or line.Contains("JCL file requirements and formatting") Or line.Contains("WinOffline Command Line Switches") Or line.Contains("WinOffline Software Delivery and Scripting Switches") Or line.Contains("WinOffline Database Maintenance Switches") Then rtbOptions.SelectionStart = rtbOptions.Text.LastIndexOf(line) rtbOptions.SelectionLength = line.Length rtbOptions.SelectionFont = New Drawing.Font("Calibri", 12, Drawing.FontStyle.Underline Or Drawing.FontStyle.Bold) End If Next rtbOptions.SelectionStart = 0 rtbOptions.SelectionLength = 0 End Sub Private Sub btnWinOfflineSDHelpPrevious_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles btnWinOfflineSDHelpPrevious.Click Dim myAssembly As System.Reflection.Assembly = System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly() Dim myStream As Stream Dim image As Bitmap SDHelpStepCounter -= 1 myStream = myAssembly.GetManifestResourceStream("WinOffline.Step" + SDHelpStepCounter.ToString + ".png") image = New Bitmap(myStream) ScaleImageToPictureBox(picSteps, image) picSteps.Image = image picSteps.SizeMode = PictureBoxSizeMode.CenterImage If SDHelpStepCounter = 1 Then btnWinOfflineSDHelpPrevious.Enabled = False btnWinOfflineSDHelpNext.Enabled = True SetStepText(SDHelpStepCounter) ' Enable command line switches button, if applicable to the step If SDHelpStepCounter = 9 Or SDHelpStepCounter = 12 Then btnWinOfflineSwicthes.Visible = True Else btnWinOfflineSwicthes.Visible = False End If End Sub Private Sub btnWinOfflineSDHelpNext_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles btnWinOfflineSDHelpNext.Click Dim myAssembly As System.Reflection.Assembly = System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly() Dim myStream As Stream Dim image As Bitmap SDHelpStepCounter += 1 myStream = myAssembly.GetManifestResourceStream("WinOffline.Step" + SDHelpStepCounter.ToString + ".png") image = New Bitmap(myStream) ScaleImageToPictureBox(picSteps, image) picSteps.Image = image picSteps.SizeMode = PictureBoxSizeMode.CenterImage If SDHelpStepCounter = 15 Then btnWinOfflineSDHelpNext.Enabled = False btnWinOfflineSDHelpPrevious.Enabled = True SetStepText(SDHelpStepCounter) ' Enable command line switches button, if applicable to the step If SDHelpStepCounter = 9 Or SDHelpStepCounter = 12 Then btnWinOfflineSwicthes.Visible = True Else btnWinOfflineSwicthes.Visible = False End If End Sub Private Sub ScaleImageToPictureBox(ByVal p As PictureBox, ByRef i As Bitmap) If i.Height > p.Height Then Dim diff As Integer = i.Height - p.Height Dim Resized As Bitmap = New Bitmap(i, New Size(i.Width - diff, i.Height - diff)) i = Resized End If If i.Width > p.Width Then Dim diff As Integer = i.Width - p.Width Dim Resized As Bitmap = New Bitmap(i, New Size(i.Width - diff, i.Height - diff)) i = Resized End If End Sub Private Sub ScaleImageToButton(ByVal p As Button, ByRef i As Bitmap) If i.Height > p.Height Then Dim diff As Integer = i.Height - p.Height Dim Resized As Bitmap = New Bitmap(i, New Size(i.Width - diff, i.Height - diff)) i = Resized End If If i.Width > p.Width Then Dim diff As Integer = i.Width - p.Width Dim Resized As Bitmap = New Bitmap(i, New Size(i.Width - diff, i.Height - diff)) i = Resized End If End Sub Private Sub ResizeHelpImage(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles picSteps.SizeChanged Dim myAssembly As System.Reflection.Assembly = System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly() Dim myStream As Stream Dim image As Bitmap If picSteps.Image IsNot Nothing Then myStream = myAssembly.GetManifestResourceStream("WinOffline.Step" + SDHelpStepCounter.ToString + ".png") image = New Bitmap(myStream) ScaleImageToPictureBox(picSteps, image) picSteps.Image = image End If End Sub Public Sub SetStepText(ByVal StepNumber As Integer) Select Case StepNumber Case 1 lblStepx.Text = "Using DSM Explorer, create a new software package in the library." Case 2 lblStepx.Text = "Provide a name and version for the new software package." Case 3 lblStepx.Text = "Add a new volume, 'From Files..'" Case 4 lblStepx.Text = "Provide a name for the new volume." Case 5 lblStepx.Text = "Drag && drop all your patch files, including WinOffline.exe, into the new volume. WinOffline can process multiple .caz or .jcl files. Be sure to include any dependent files referenced by the .jcl. WinOffline is unable to process .caz files with multiple .jcl files included or .jcl files that include master image update instructions." Case 6 lblStepx.Text = "Drag && drop WinOffline.exe to 'Procedures' to create an install procedure for the package." Case 7 lblStepx.Text = "Open the properties of the new procedure." Case 8 lblStepx.Text = "Update the name of the procedure and ensure the task is set for 'Install'. Optionally, specify the procedure as the default prcoedure for jobs." Case 9 lblStepx.Text = "By default no programming switches are required. The default behavior of WinOffline is to apply the patches found in the volume. Job output will be captured automatically. Visit the 'Available Switches..' to learn more about what options are available. Optionally, add the '$#BG' job macro if you wish to hide the initial software delivery job check dialog from the end user." Case 10 lblStepx.Text = "Create a new procedure based on the install procedure. We'll use the next procedure as an uninstall task." Case 11 lblStepx.Text = "Update the name of the procedure and ensure the task is set for 'Uninstall'." Case 12 lblStepx.Text = "As uninstalling is not the default behavior of WinOffline, add the '-backout' switch. Visit the 'Available Switches..' to learn more about what options are available. Optionally, add the '$#BG' job macro if you wish to hide the initial software delivery job check dialog from the end user." Case 13 lblStepx.Text = "Seal the new software package. It's now ready to be delivered." Case 14 lblStepx.Text = "During WinOffline software deployments, you'll notice this job status message. It's completely normal behavior as WinOffline informs Software Delivery it will be shutting down CAF." Case 15 lblStepx.Text = "After the deployment completes, job output, including a summary of events and exceptions will be available. If any patch is not applied or removed successfully, WinOffline will return exit code 100 back to software delivery." Case Else lblStepx.Text = "This isn't right :-/" End Select End Sub End Class
sn84024653_1895-11-08_1_3_2	US-PD-Newspapers	Public Domain	CANCER CURE -AND A — LIFE SAVED By the Persistent Use of Ayer’s Sarsaparilla It was troubled for years with a sore on my knee, which several physicians, who treated me, called a cancer, assuring me that nothing could be done to save my life. As a last resort, I was induced to try Ayer’s Sarsaparilla, and, after taking a number of bottles, the sore began to disappear and my general health improved. I persisted in this treatment, until the sore was entirely healed. Since then, I use Ayer’s Sarsaparilla occasionally as a tonic and blood-purifier, and, indeed, it seems as though I could not keep house without it.”—Mrs. S. A. Fields, Bloomfield, la. AYER’S The Only World’s Fair Sarsaparilla. Lumber's Pills Regulate the Liver. Royal Colors TOBACCO, 10 Cents a Plug. SOLD IN AUGUSTA BY: A. F. McCorkle, Middlebrook. S. S. Palmer, Greenville. C. C. Gull, Mint Spring. S. O. Page, Hermitage. W. F. Fretwell & Pro., New Hope. R. S. Clarke, Plunkettville. McNett & Co. Annex. J. B. Hull, Zack. Smith & Roden, Waynesboro. Waldrop & Atkins, Swoope. F. M. Stinespring, Cowans J. S. Palmer, Arbor Hill. Jos. A. Mitchell, Cherry Grove. C. T. Sherman, Burketown. Craig & Doyle, Craigsville. J. A. Riddle, Moscow. A. E. Berry, Bong Glade. J. M. Harper, Mt. Sidney. Hamlet Moore, Knightley. W. P. Rush & Co., Mt. Solon. J. T. Muddiman, Burke's Mill. J. S. Huffman, “ “ L. B. Fauver, Middlebrook. J. A. Turk, Newport. G. A. Sheets, Plunkettsville. SOLD IN STAUNTON BY: J. R. Brown & Son. John Burns & Bro. R. O. Haines. J. H. Swartzel. J. N. Anderson. D. S. Weaver. J. H. Matthows. W. D. Hoge. D. N. Childress, agt. Davis & Powell. B. B. Buchanan. J. E. Graham. Daniel Crimmens. C. L. Wilson. W. J. D. Riley. C. O. Herring. D. A. Sniteman. W. B. Connell. G. H. White. J. L. Henderson. W. E. Ware. J. H. Landes. S. P. Mann. J. E. Sheets. T. R. Blackburn. George J. Johnson. J. D. Bailey. C. D. Higginbotham. J. W. Brandeburg. SOLD IN COUNTY BY: H. C. Scrogham, Spring Hill. R. B. Dull, Middlebrook. R. M. Houff, Stonewall. D. E. Spradlin, Swoope. Bell & Higgs, Staunton, H. H. Gaines, “ W. H. Pugh, Yan Lear, H. E. Carwell, Anderson. T. W. Quesenbery, Waynesboro. Killian & Henkle, “ J. A. Leighton, “ Cooke Brothers, “ R. E. Trevey & Co., Basic City. Calvert & Brown, “ J. A. Leighton, “ C. F. Balsley, Sherando. J. W. Hall, Eelix Moore, “ J. A. Patterson, Lyndhurst. C. F. Balsley, Sherando. J. W. Hall, J. D. Balsley, “ W. D. Hensley, Ladd. S. C. Hawes, Fishersville. R. A. Hall, S. Reed, “ Fielding & Son, “ Mrs. Z. T. Kerr, New Hope. J. F. Smith, Laurel Hill. J. H. Leonard, Crimora. W. R. Talley & Co., “ S. M. Davis, Madrid. J. H. May, Dooms, O. S. Knopp. Summerdean. J. H. Sillings, Parnassus. J. Sutton & Son, Verona. R. Baber, Afton, Va. J. H. Goodloe, “ Remember ROYAL COLORS TO BACCO, and if you will try it once, you will find it a nice, smooth and lasting chew, clear of grit, and a big piece for 10 CENTS. MANUFACTURED BY T. C. WILLIAMS CO., RICHMOND, VA. MILLINERY Mesdames SHEPHERD & FAOAIf, No. 7 N, New Street, Have received their Fall Stock of MILLINERY, which has been selected with great care by one of the firm. Their goods are of the latest styles, and cheap enough to suit the times. oct 2o-4t THE LIVER OF A WATCH is the hair spring, and, like the human organ, it sometimes gets kinks in it—just does all sorts of funny things without any excuse or reason, discoverable. It takes a doctor to find out the cause. We’re WATCH DOCTORS and make it our business to straighten out all the little troubles and get the sick watch on the regular diet of time again. We charge what it is worth, no more. If your watch is dispeptic bring it in.
github_open_source_100_8_20232	Github OpenSource	Various open source	/* * Copyright 2013-2014 Richard M. Hightower * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. * * __________ _____ __ .__ * \______ \ ____ ____ ____ /\ / \ _____ \| \| _\|__\| ____ ____ * \| \| _// _ \ / _ \ / \ \/ / \ / \\__ \ \| \|/ / \|/ \ / ___\ * \| \| ( <_> \| <_> ) \| \ /\ / Y \/ __ \\| <\| \| \| \/ /_/ > * \|______ /\____/ \____/\|___\| / \/ \____\|__ (____ /__\|_ \__\|___\| /\___ / * \/ \/ \/ \/ \/ \//_____/ * ____. ___________ _____ ______________.___. * \| \|____ ___ _______ \_ _____/ / _ \ / _____/\__ \| \| * \| \__ \\ \/ /\__ \ \| __)_ / /_\ \ \_____ \ / \| \| * /\__\| \|/ __ \\ / / __ \_ \| \/ \| \/ \ \____ \| * \________(____ /\_/ (____ / /_______ /\____\|__ /_______ / / ______\| * \/ \/ \/ \/ \/ \/ / package org.boon.core.reflection.impl; import org.boon.core.reflection.AnnotationData; import org.boon.core.reflection.Annotations; import org.boon.core.reflection.MethodAccess; import java.lang.invoke.ConstantCallSite; import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle; import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles; import java.lang.invoke.MethodType; import java.lang.reflect.Method; import java.lang.reflect.Modifier; import java.lang.reflect.Type; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap; import static org.boon.Exceptions.die; import static org.boon.Exceptions.handle; /* * Created by Richard on 2/17/14. / public class MethodAccessImpl implements MethodAccess { final public Method method; final List<AnnotationData> annotationData; final Map<String, AnnotationData> annotationMap; final MethodHandles.Lookup lookup = MethodHandles.lookup(); final MethodHandle methodHandle; Object instance; public MethodAccessImpl() { method=null; annotationData=null; annotationMap=null; methodHandle = null; } public MethodAccessImpl( Method method ) { this.method = method; this.method.setAccessible( true ); this.annotationData = Annotations.getAnnotationDataForMethod(method); MethodHandle m; try { m = methodHandle(); } catch (Exception e) { m = null; handle(e); } methodHandle = m; annotationMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>( ); for (AnnotationData data : annotationData) { annotationMap.put( data.getName(), data ); annotationMap.put( data.getSimpleClassName(), data ); annotationMap.put( data.getFullClassName(), data ); } } public Object invoke(Object object, Object... args) { try { return method.invoke( object, args ); } catch ( Throwable ex ) { return handle( Object.class, ex, "unable to invoke method", method, " on object ", object, "with arguments", args, "\nparameter types", parameterTypes(), "\nargument types are", args ); } } public Object invokeBound(Object... args) { try { return method.invoke( instance, args ); } catch ( Throwable ex ) { return handle( Object.class, ex, "unable to invoke method", method, " on object with arguments", args, "\nparameter types", parameterTypes(), "\nargument types are" ); } } @Override public Object invokeStatic(Object... args) { try { return method.invoke(null, args); } catch ( Throwable ex ) { return handle( Object.class, ex, "unable to invoke method", method, " with arguments", args ); } } @Override public MethodAccess bind(Object instance) { die("Bind does not work for cached methodAccess make a copy with methodAccsess() first"); return null; } @Override public MethodHandle methodHandle() { MethodHandle m; try { m = lookup.unreflect(method); } catch (Exception e) { m = null; handle(e); } return m; } @Override public MethodAccess methodAccess() { return new MethodAccessImpl(this.method){ @Override public MethodAccess bind(Object instance) { methodHandle.bindTo(instance); this.instance = instance; return this; } @Override public Object bound() { return instance; } }; } @Override public Object bound() { return null; } @Override public <T> ConstantCallSite invokeReducerLongIntReturnLongMethodHandle(T object) { MethodType methodType = MethodType.methodType(long.class, long.class, int.class); try { return new ConstantCallSite(this.lookup.bind(object, this.name(), methodType)); } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) { handle(e, "Method not found", this.name()); } catch (IllegalAccessException e) { handle(e, "Illegal access to method", this.name()); } return null; } @Override public Method method() { return this.method; } @Override public Iterable<AnnotationData> annotationData() { return new Iterable<AnnotationData>() { @Override public Iterator<AnnotationData> iterator() { return annotationData.iterator(); } }; } @Override public boolean hasAnnotation( String annotationName ) { return this.annotationMap.containsKey( annotationName ); } @Override public AnnotationData annotation(String annotationName) { return this.annotationMap.get(annotationName); } @Override public boolean isStatic() { return Modifier.isStatic(method.getModifiers()); } @Override public String name() { return method.getName(); } @Override public Class<?> declaringType() { return method.getDeclaringClass(); } @Override public Class<?> returnType() { return method.getReturnType(); } @Override public boolean respondsTo(Class<?>[] parametersToMatch) { boolean match = true; Class<?>[] parameterTypes = method.getParameterTypes(); if ( parameterTypes.length != parametersToMatch.length ) { return false; } for (int index = 0; index < parameterTypes.length; index++) { Class<?> type = parameterTypes[index]; Class<?> matchToType = parametersToMatch[index]; if (type.isPrimitive()) { if (!(type == int.class && ( matchToType == Integer.class \|\| matchToType == int.class) \|\| type == boolean.class && ( matchToType == Boolean.class \|\| matchToType == boolean.class) \|\| type == long.class && ( matchToType == Long.class \|\| matchToType == long.class) \|\| type == float.class && ( matchToType == Float.class \|\| matchToType == float.class) \|\| type == double.class && ( matchToType == Double.class \|\| matchToType == double.class) \|\| type == short.class && ( matchToType == Short.class \|\| matchToType == short.class) \|\| type == byte.class && ( matchToType == Byte.class \|\| matchToType == byte.class) \|\| type == char.class && ( matchToType == Character.class \|\| matchToType == char.class) ) ) { match = false; break; } } else if (!type.isAssignableFrom( matchToType )) { match = false; break; } } return match; } @Override public boolean respondsTo(Object... args) { boolean match = true; Class<?>[] parameterTypes = method.getParameterTypes(); if ( parameterTypes.length != args.length ) { return false; } for (int index = 0; index < parameterTypes.length; index++) { Object arg = args[index]; Class<?> type = parameterTypes[index]; Class<?> matchToType = arg != null ? arg.getClass() : null; if (type.isPrimitive()) { if (arg == null) { match = false; break; } if (!(type == int.class && matchToType == Integer.class \|\| type == boolean.class && matchToType == Boolean.class \|\| type == long.class && matchToType == Long.class \|\| type == float.class && matchToType == Float.class \|\| type == double.class && matchToType == Double.class \|\| type == short.class && matchToType == Short.class \|\| type == byte.class && matchToType == Byte.class \|\| type == char.class && matchToType == Character.class )) { match = false; break; } } else if (arg == null) { } else if (!type.isInstance( arg )) { match = false; break; } } return match; } @Override public Class<?>[] parameterTypes() { return method.getParameterTypes(); } @Override public Type[] getGenericParameterTypes() { return method.getGenericParameterTypes(); } @Override public String toString() { return "MethodAccessImpl{" + "method=" + method + ", annotationData=" + annotationData + ", instance=" + instance + '}'; } @Override public boolean equals(Object o) { if (this == o) return true; if (o == null \|\| getClass() != o.getClass()) return false; MethodAccessImpl that = (MethodAccessImpl) o; if (annotationData != null ? !annotationData.equals(that.annotationData) : that.annotationData != null) return false; if (annotationMap != null ? !annotationMap.equals(that.annotationMap) : that.annotationMap != null) return false; if (instance != null ? !instance.equals(that.instance) : that.instance != null) return false; if (method != null ? !method.equals(that.method) : that.method != null) return false; return true; } @Override public int hashCode() { int result = method != null ? method.hashCode() : 0; result = 31 result + (annotationData != null ? annotationData.hashCode() : 0); result = 31 * result + (annotationMap != null ? annotationMap.hashCode() : 0); result = 31 * result + (instance != null ? instance.hashCode() : 0); return result; } }
US-201716318273-A_4	USPTO	Public Domain	Although the gas-liquid separator 90 is depicted to be located outside the outdoor unit 100 in FIG. 50, the location of the gas-liquid separator 90 is not particularly limited to this configuration. For example, the gas-liquid separator 90 may be located inside the outdoor unit 100. According to Embodiment 18, the air-conditioning apparatus 200 includes the compressor 71, the indoor heat exchanger 73, the expansion device 72, and the outdoor heat exchanger 10, and has a refrigeration cycle circuit in which refrigerant circulates. The outdoor heat exchanger 10 is the heat exchanger according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 15. The air-conditioning apparatus 200 includes the gas-liquid separator 90 disposed between the outdoor heat exchanger 10 and the expansion device 72. The air-conditioning apparatus 200 includes the gas bypass pipe 92 configured to bypass gas refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separator 90 to the compressor 71. The air-conditioning apparatus 200 includes the gas bypass control valve 93 provided to the gas bypass pipe 92. The air-conditioning apparatus 200 includes the controller 80 that controls the gas bypass control valve 93 or the flow control valve 31 suitably to the operating condition so that the quality x of refrigerant flowing through the header pipe 21 falls within the range of 0.05≤x≤0.30. This configuration provides an improvement in the distribution performance of the second header 20 over a wide range of operating conditions, leading to improved efficiency of the outdoor heat exchanger 10 and consequently enhanced energy efficiency. Embodiment 19 FIG. 54 illustrates a configuration of the air-conditioning apparatus 200 during heating operation, according to Embodiment 19 of the present invention. Each solid arrow in FIG. 54 represents the flow of refrigerant during heating operation. FIG. 55 illustrates a configuration of the air-conditioning apparatus 200 during cooling operation, according to Embodiment 19 of the present invention. Each solid arrow in FIG. 55 represents the flow of refrigerant during cooling operation. In the following, a description will not be given of features overlapping those of Embodiments 16 to 18, and portions identical or corresponding to those of Embodiments 15 to 17 will be designated by the same reference signs. In Embodiment 19, a pre-header regulating valve 110 is disposed at a portion of the inlet pipe 62 between the gas-liquid separator 90 and the second header 20 according to Embodiment 18. Further, an accumulator 111 is disposed upstream of the compressor 71. An accumulator inlet pipe 112 is disposed upstream of the accumulator 111. A compressor discharge pipe 113 is disposed on the discharge portion of the compressor 71. Further, a four-way valve 114 is disposed to switch the flows of refrigerant depending on whether the operation is cooling or heating. The controller 80 controls the opening degree of the pre-header regulating valve 110 to prevent, under low refrigerant flow rate conditions, the quality x of refrigerant from falling within the range of x<0.05 as a result of liquid refrigerant being completely separated by the gas-liquid separator 90. This effect ensures that, over a wide operation range, a stable improvement in the efficiency of the outdoor heat exchanger 10 is obtained due to improved distribution performance, leading to enhanced energy efficiency. Further, the accumulator 111 is disposed upstream of the compressor 71 to reduce intrusion of liquid refrigerant into the compressor 71 or to accumulate excess refrigerant. In this regard, the controller 80 controls the opening degree of the expansion device 72 and the opening degree of the pre-header regulating valve 110 so that a portion of the inlet pipe 62 that are located between the expansion device 72 and the pre-header regulating valve 110, the connecting pipe 91, and the gas-liquid separator 90 can be used as a liquid reservoir. Using these components as a liquid reservoir as mentioned above is more desirable as the accumulator 111 is allowed to be reduced in volume, accordingly. The following problem occurs when the flow rate of refrigerant is high during heating operation. That is, even when gas refrigerant is separated by the gas-liquid separator 90 to decrease the quality of refrigerant, pressure loss associated with the passage of refrigerant through the pre-header regulating valve 110 causes a decrease in pressure, which in turn causes part of liquid refrigerant to gasify, resulting in increased refrigerant quality. In such a case, the controller 80 opens the flow control valve 31 so that gas refrigerant is bypassed to the first header 40 through the bypass pipe 30 connected to the entrance portion 21 a of the header pipe 21 of the second header 20. Such a configuration is more desirable as the flow of refrigerant entering the branch portion between the header pipe 21 and the lowermost heat transfer tube 12 can be adjusted to an annular or churn flow pattern. During cooling operation, the controller 80 causes the pre-header regulating valve 110 to fully open so that liquid refrigerant can be accumulated in the inlet pipe 62, a portion of the gas bypass pipe 92, the gas-liquid separator 90, and the connecting pipe 91. Such a configuration is desirable as S.C. at the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 10 can be reduced, leading to improved efficiency of the outdoor heat exchanger 10 and consequently enhanced energy efficiency also during cooling operation. The flow of refrigerant in cooling operation will be described below. As illustrated in FIG. 55, after leaving the compressor 71, refrigerant travels in a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous state through the compressor discharge pipe 113, the four-way valve 114, and the outlet pipe 61, and flows into the first header 40. In the first header 40, the refrigerant is distributed by a plurality of branches into the heat transfer tubes 12. In the outdoor heat exchanger 10, individual refrigerant streams thus distributed reject heat to the surroundings and are combined at the second header 20 as refrigerant in a two-phase gas-liquid state or liquid state. The resulting refrigerant then exits through the inlet pipe 62. Subsequently, the refrigerant passes through the pre-header regulating valve 110 and then through the gas-liquid separator 90 and the connecting pipe 91 into the expansion device 72, which then throttles the refrigerant, causing the refrigerant to expand and change to low-pressure refrigerant in a two-phase gas-liquid state or in a liquid single-phase state. The resulting refrigerant then flows into the indoor unit 201. The refrigerant having entered the indoor unit 201 removes heat from the surroundings at the indoor heat exchanger 73 of the indoor unit 201. This configuration causes the refrigerant to evaporate and change to refrigerant in a gas single-phase state or to refrigerant in a two-phase gas-liquid state containing a large amount of gas refrigerant. The resulting refrigerant then passes through the header and the connecting pipe 75, travels through the four-way valve 114, the accumulator inlet pipe 112, and the accumulator 111, and then enter the compressor 71 again. Next, the following describes why controlling the pre-header regulating valve 110, the expansion device 72, the gas bypass control valve 93, and the flow control valve 31 according to Embodiment 19 makes it possible to enhance the efficiency of the outdoor heat exchanger 10 both for heating operation and cooling operation. In heating operation, the controller 80 controls the opening degree of the expansion device 72 to change refrigerant into a two-phase gas-liquid state. At this time, the controller 80 causes the pre-header regulating valve 110 to fully open and causes the gas bypass control valve 93 to open so that the flow rate of gas refrigerant into the second header 20 can be reduced. Consequently, the quality x of refrigerant entering the second header 20 can be made to fall within the range of 0.05≤x≤0.30. This effect makes it possible to obtain an improvement in distribution performance by the protrusion of the heat transfer tube 12 into the header pipe 21, leading to improved efficiency of the outdoor heat exchanger 10 and consequently enhanced energy efficiency. The following problem sometimes occurs when the flow rate of refrigerant is high during heating operation. That is, under such a condition, even when gas refrigerant is separated by the gas-liquid separator 90 to decrease the quality of refrigerant, pressure loss associated with the passage of refrigerant through the pre-header regulating valve 110 causes a decrease in pressure, which in turn causes part of liquid refrigerant to gasify, resulting in increased refrigerant quality. In such a case, the controller 80 opens the flow control valve 31 so that gas refrigerant is bypassed to the first header 40 through the bypass pipe 30 connected to the entrance portion 21 a of the header pipe 21 of the second header 20. As a result, the quality x of refrigerant entering the branch portion between the header pipe 21 and the lowermost heat transfer tube 12, in other words, the quality x of refrigerant flowing through the header pipe 21 is made to fall within the range of 0.05≤x≤0.30. Consequently, the flow of refrigerant can be adjusted to follow an annular or churn flow pattern, thus allowing distribution performance to be improved by protrusion of the heat transfer tube 12 into the header pipe 21. This effect helps improve the efficiency of the outdoor heat exchanger 10, leading to enhanced energy efficiency. During cooling operation, for conditions that require large refrigerant flow, the controller 80 causes the gas bypass control valve 93 to fully close, and causes refrigerant to change into a low-pressure and two-phase gas-liquid state by the pre-header regulating valve 110 to thereby increase a two-phase gas-liquid region in the air-conditioning apparatus 200. Further, the controller 80 causes the flow control valve 31 to fully close so that refrigerant is not allowed to pass through the bypass pipe 30. This configuration allows for optimized control of refrigerant flow, leading to enhanced efficiency of the air-conditioning apparatus 200. By contrast, under conditions with an excess amount of refrigerant, the controller 80 causes the pre-header regulating valve 110 to fully open to thereby increase the region of liquid refrigerant, thus making it possible to reduce the liquid refrigerant region in the outdoor heat exchanger 10. Heat transfer region in a liquid single-phase state is thus reduced, thus improving the efficiency of the outdoor heat exchanger 10. The following describes the mechanism with which the improved efficiency of the outdoor heat exchanger 10 is accomplished by reducing the liquid refrigerant region. FIG. 56 represents schematic illustrations according to Embodiment 19 of the present invention, collectively depicting how refrigerant flows in the heat transfer tube 12, of which FIG. 56(a) illustrates a case of S.C. at the heat transfer tube outlet=5 degrees, and FIG. 56(b) illustrates a case of S.C. at the heat transfer tube outlet=10 degrees. S.C. is defined as the difference at the heat transfer tube outlet between refrigerant saturation temperature and refrigerant temperature. A greater value of S.C. represents a greater amount of liquid refrigerant region in the heat transfer tube 12. A greater amount of liquid refrigerant region results in a greater amount of liquid single-phase region in the heat transfer tube 12. The heat transfer coefficient in the liquid single-phase region in the tube is smaller than the heat transfer coefficient for refrigerant in a two-phase gas-liquid state. Consequently, an increase in the amount of the liquid single-phase region in the heat transfer tube 12 causes a decrease in the efficiency of the outdoor heat exchanger 10. It is to be noted that during cooling operation, the controller 80 controls the flow control valve 31 disposed at a portion of the bypass pipe 30 so that the flow control valve 31 fully closes. According to Embodiment 19, the air-conditioning apparatus 200 includes the gas-liquid separator 90 disposed between the outdoor heat exchanger 10 and the expansion device 72. The air-conditioning apparatus 200 includes the gas bypass pipe 92 configured to bypass gas refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separator 90 to the compressor 71. The air-conditioning apparatus 200 includes the gas bypass control valve 93 provided to the gas bypass pipe 92. This configuration provides an improvement in the distribution performance of the second header 20. Consequently, for both cooling operation and heating operation conditions, the efficiency of the outdoor heat exchanger 10 can be improved, leading to enhanced energy efficiency. According to Embodiment 19, the air-conditioning apparatus 200 includes the compressor 71, the four-way valve 114, the indoor heat exchanger 73, the expansion device 72, and the outdoor heat exchanger 10, and has a refrigeration cycle circuit in which refrigerant circulates. The four-way valve 114 switches the flows of refrigerant to enable heating operation and cooling operation. The outdoor heat exchanger 10 is the heat exchanger according to any one of Embodiments 1 to 15. The air-conditioning apparatus 200 includes the gas-liquid separator 90 disposed between the outdoor heat exchanger 10 and the expansion device 72. The air-conditioning apparatus 200 includes the gas bypass pipe 92 configured to bypass gas refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separator 90 to the compressor 71. The air-conditioning apparatus 200 includes the gas bypass control valve 93 provided to the gas bypass pipe 92. The air-conditioning apparatus 200 includes the pre-header regulating valve 110 that is positioned downstream of the gas-liquid separator 90 in heating operation. The air-conditioning apparatus 200 includes the controller 80. In heating operation, the controller 80 controls the expansion device 72, the gas bypass control valve 93, the pre-header regulating valve 110, or the flow control valve 31 so that the quality x of refrigerant flowing through the header pipe 21 falls within the range of 0.05≤x≤0.30, and in cooling operation, the controller 80 controls the pre-header regulating valve 110 so that the gas-liquid separator 90 is used as a liquid reservoir. This configuration provides an improvement in the distribution performance of the second header 20 over a wide range of operating conditions. Consequently, for both cooling operation and heating operation conditions, the efficiency of the outdoor heat exchanger 10 can be improved, leading to enhanced energy efficiency. Suitable combinations of features described in the above-mentioned embodiments are also contemplated by the inventors from the beginning. The embodiments disclosed herein are illustrative in all respects, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiments. The scope of the present invention is intended to be defined not by the above description of the embodiments but by the claims, and to include all equivalents and modifications that fall within the scope of the claims. REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 10 outdoor heat exchanger 11 fin 12 heat transfer tube 12 a partition 13 bifurcated tube 20 second header 21 header pipe 21 a entrance portion 21 b upper end portion 22 branch tube 23 tube-shape transforming joint 30 bypass pipe 31 flow control valve 32 bypass pipe 33 bypass pipe 34 flow control valve 35 open-close valve 36 capillary tube 40 first header 41 header pipe 41 a entrance portion 42 branch tube 43 tube-shape transforming joint 50 fan 61 outlet pipe 62 inlet pipe 71 compressor 72 expansion device 73 indoor heat exchanger 74 connecting pipe 75 connecting pipe 76 first temperature sensor 77 second temperature sensor 80 controller 90 gas-liquid separator 91 connecting pipe 92 gas bypass pipe 93 gas bypass control valve 94 gas-liquid separator vessel 95 branched pipe 96 branched pipe 100 outdoor unit 101 casing 102 air inlet 103 air outlet 104 fan guard 110 pre-header regulating valve 111 accumulator 112 accumulator inlet pipe 113 compressor discharge pipe 114 four-way valve 200 air-conditioning apparatus 201 indoor unit The invention claimed is: 1. 2. The heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein the distal end portion of the bypass pipe is connected in such a manner that the distal end portion penetrates a liquid phase of the refrigerant in the two-phase gas-liquid state flowing in the header pipe and reaches a gas phase of the refrigerant, wherein a thickness δ [m] of the liquid phase is defined as δ=G×(1−x)×D/(4ρ_(L)×U_(LS)), where U_(LS) is liquid apparent velocity [m/s] at a maximum value within a variation range of refrigerant flow rate M_(R) that is a flow rate [kg/h] of the refrigerant through the flow space of the header pipe, x is refrigerant quality, G is refrigerant flow velocity [kg/(m²s)], ρ_(L) is refrigerant liquid density [kg/m³], and D is an inner diameter [m] of the flow space of the header pipe on an orthogonal plane orthogonal to a direction of refrigerant flow wherein the liquid apparent velocity U_(LS) [m/s] is defined as U_(LS)=G(1−x)/ρ_(L), and wherein the refrigerant flow velocity G [kg/(m²s)] is defined as G=M_(R)/(3,600×(D/2)²×3.14). 3. The heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein the flow controller is configured to allow the refrigerant to pass through the bypass pipe when the heat exchanger acts as an evaporator and not to allow the refrigerant to pass through the bypass pipe when the heat exchanger acts as a condenser. 4. The heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein a center position of the flow space of the header pipe on an orthogonal plane orthogonal to a direction of refrigerant flow is defined as 0%, a wall surface position of the flow space of the header pipe on the orthogonal plane is defined as ±100%, a direction of insertion of the bypass pipe on the orthogonal plane is defined as X-direction, and a width direction of the bypass pipe orthogonal to the X-direction on the orthogonal plane is defined as Y-direction, the distal end portion of the bypass pipe is located within an area of ±50% in the X-direction, and a central axis of the bypass pipe is located within an area of ±50% in the Y-direction. 5. The heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein a center position of the flow space of the header pipe on an orthogonal plane orthogonal to a direction of refrigerant flow is defined as 0%, a wall surface position of the flow space of the header pipe on the orthogonal plane is defined as ±100%, a direction of insertion of the plurality of heat transfer tubes on the orthogonal plane is defined as X-direction, and a width direction of the plurality of heat transfer tubes orthogonal to the X-direction on the orthogonal plane is defined as Y-direction, distal end portions of at least half of the plurality of heat transfer tubes are located within an area of ±50% in the X-direction, and central axes of at least half of the plurality of heat transfer tubes are located within an area of ±50% in the Y-direction. 6. The heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein at least one of the plurality of heat transfer tubes is connected to an end face of a closed end portion of the header pipe. 7. The heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein the bypass pipe has a plurality of connection portions each connected to the header pipe, the plurality of connection portions joining each other at a portion between a portion at which the plurality of connection portions are each connected to the header pipe and a portion at which the bypass pipe is connected to the first header. 8. The heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein the bypass pipe comprises a plurality of bypass pipes and wherein the flow controller is provided to each bypass pipe of the plurality of bypass pipes. 9. The heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein the flow controller includes an open-close valve configured to open and close the bypass pipe, and a capillary tube disposed at a portion of the bypass pipe. 10. The heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein the header pipe comprises a non-circular tube. 11. The heat exchanger of claim 10, wherein the header pipe has a connection surface to which the plurality of heat transfer tubes are connected, the connection surface comprising a flat surface. 12. The heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein each heat transfer tube of the plurality of heat transfer tubes is in a form of a flat tube. 13. The heat exchanger of claim 12, wherein each heat transfer tube of the plurality of heat transfer tubes is in a form of a flat perforated tube. 14. The heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein the second header includes a plurality of branch tubes, and each second header in the plurality of branch tubes is connected to a corresponding one of the plurality of heat transfer tubes, and wherein the flow space of the header pipe is communicated with the plurality of branch tubes. 15. The heat exchanger of claim 14, wherein a tube-shape transforming joint is disposed between each heat transfer tube of the plurality of heat transfer tubes and a corresponding one of the plurality of branch tubes to transform a tube shape of each heat transfer tube of the plurality of heat transfer tubes into a tube shape of a distal end portion of a corresponding one of the plurality of branch tubes inserted in the header pipe. 16. The heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein the second header extends in a vertical direction. 17. The heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein the second header extends in a horizontal direction. 18. An air-conditioning apparatus, comprising a compressor, an indoor heat exchanger, an expansion device including a valve, and an outdoor heat exchanger, the air-conditioning apparatus having a refrigeration cycle circuit in which refrigerant circulates, wherein the outdoor heat exchanger is the heat exchanger of claim 1. 19. The air-conditioning apparatus of claim 18, comprising: a gas-liquid separator disposed between the outdoor heat exchanger and the expansion device in the air-conditioning apparatus, a gas bypass pipe configured to bypass gas refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separator to the compressor; and a gas bypass control valve provided to the gas bypass pipe. 20. The heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein a longest dimension of the second header extends in an extending direction, and the header pipe of the second header extends in the extending direction. 21. The heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein the second header is directly connected to each of the plurality of heat transfer tubes. 22. The heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein the bypass pipe protrudes perpendicularly into the header pipe. 23. The heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein the entrance portion is configured as a straight tube having a same diameter as a portion of the heat transfer tube where the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant first flows into the header pipe is connected, and the tip of the bypass pipe is inserted through the pipe wall of the entrance portion in a direction intersecting the axis of the entrance portion..
github_open_source_100_8_20233	Github OpenSource	Various open source	package com.study.activity; import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.content.pm.PackageInfo; import android.content.pm.PackageManager; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.TextView; import com.study.R; public class a03_about extends AppCompatActivity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_a03_about); PackageManager manager = getPackageManager(); PackageInfo info = null; try { info = manager.getPackageInfo(getPackageName(), 0); } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } String version = info == null ? getString(R.string.version_name): info.versionName; String msg = String.format(getString(R.string.version_info), version); TextView ver = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.version); ver.setText(msg); } }
bpt6k4982015_1	French-PD-Newspapers	Public Domain	Séance histori q ue ? f Nous avons vécu, jeudi soir, à la Chambre, des minutes intensément émouvantes. Nous sommes à la veille de ratii7ler non seulement la liquidation de la guerre, mais, hélas la liquidation de nos espoirs. La France avait vaincu l'Allemagne au prix de quinze cent mille morts, de millions de blessés, de milliards de ruines. Généreux follement, assoiffés moins de justice que de paix et de fraternité, nous avons accepté la paix américaine de Wilson. De conférences en conférences nous avons vu réduire nos droits et dans une bien moindre proportion nos obligations. Nous avons, enfin, accepté que des experts se réunissent à Paris pour en finir une bonne fois. C'est le plan Young préparé il y a quelques jours. Ce plan, l'lAllemagne ne l'a pas encore accepté. L'acceptera-t-elle avec la volonté de l'exécuter ? Aurons-nous contre elle des moyens de pression ? Lesquels ? Nous n'en savons rien encore. Mais nous devons payer à l'Amérique 10 milliards le 1er août. Mais nous devons ratifier sans délai les engagements que nous avons pris à son égard pour nous et nos enfants. Il nous faut donc décider en quelques jours d'engagements tels que jamais aucun peuple n'eut à en prendre, sans savoir si nos débiteurs nous mettront à même de payer. M. Franklin-Bouillon a demandé à la Chambre d'ordonner au Gouvernement de Solliciter un délai de quelques mois pour nous permettre de réfléchir, d'étudier et surtout de recevoir préalablement l'adhésion de l'Allemagne. Il eut des accents d'une sincérité émouvante. Il fut passionné et véhé:nent. La Chambre fut presque unanimement secouée, électrisée. Les applaudissements éclataient de tous côtés. Jamais je n'avais vu un pareil spectacle et les qualificatifs des journaux n'ont pu traduire cette sorte de délire. On a, jadis, beaucoup plaisanté le président Bouisson technicien du fauteuil ». Il a rendu, jeudi, au pays un service qu'on ne devra pas oublier. Gardant son sang-froid, il s'est opposé au vote de la motion qui, par bonheur, n'était pas admissible aux termes du règlement. La Chambre l'eût votée et le Gouvernement eût été démissionnaire. Quelques instants après, cette même 7j Chambre témoignait cependant à r M. Poincaré quelle estime et quelle u confiance on lui gardait. Lorsque le d Président du Conseil, manifestement énervé par le long effort qu'il fournit t et par l'erreur de M. Franklin-Bouils Ion, en vint à dire qu'il pourrait laisser à d'autres le soin de continuer les 7 négociations, on put voir les députés 1 dressés et tendant la main vers lui en -£ criant « Non Non Vous Vous » Ainsi, après avoir fait à M. FranklinE Bouillon une ovation indescriptible lorsqu'il menaçait M. Poincaré, on se jetait dans les bras de ce dernier en le suppliant de sauver le pays. Patriotisme ? Puissance du verbe ? Oui, sans doute. Mais il y avait aussi une explosion de sentiments complexes. Indignation chez les uns, regrets, remords chez d'autres, inquiétude chez tous. Tout se paie. Quand nous aurons déploré l'àpreté des Yankees, la mauvaise foi des Allemands, invoqué nos morts et nos ruines, cela ne résoudra rien. Il restera que nous devons des milliards, que nous avons besoin d'exporter, que nous avons des colonies lointaines, qu'en un mot nous sommes solvables et qu'on peut nous saisir. M. FranklinBouillon s'était écrié « Si l'Amérique refuse un délai, nous nous servirons de ce refus à la face du monde entier » M. Poincaré répondit, la voix devenue grave et assourdie « Il ne sera peut-étre pas suffisant de faire appel à la justice du monde ». Hélas, non Souvenons-nous d'hier. Parler de dresser le pays dans un sursaut d'indignation, c'est bien, c'est de l'éloquence, c'est même, j'en suis sur. l'expression d'un patriotisme sincère, mais après ?. Non, il ne s'agit pas de dresser le pays dans un sursaut, mais de le redresser. Il faut, enfin, reconnaitre que des fautes ont été commises, que depuis trop longtemps le régime et les institutions ont mal fonctionné. Il faut reconnaitre que la faveur d'où qu'elle vienne ne donne pas la capacité. Il faut reconnaitre qu'après avoir écarté des conseils du Gouvernement et des grands postes de l'Etat une catégorie de citoyens tenus pour suspects, la France n'a pas été mieux servie. Il faut changer d'esprit, de méthodes, d'objectif. Il faut dire « non » aux pillards du budget. Il faut aider le travail sous toutes ses formes. Là est le salut. Si nous étions forts politiquement, économiquement, financièrement et militairement, on ne nous traiterait pas ainsi. Soyons forts. c Séance historique », a dit un journal; c La Chambre a eu sa crise ». écrit un autre. Je n'accepte ni le premier titre trop noble ni le second trop cruel. 'aimerais mieux pour condenser mon impre: :ion à la fin de cette séance « La Chambre est prête ». Oui, elle est prête à entendre de sévères vérités, elle est prête à accomplir ses grands devoirs. Il ne lui faut qu'un chef. Veuille celui-là, vers i tant de mains, jeudi, se tendaient « Vous, vous, achevez 1'oeuvre », l'achever, en effet, car lorsque le bilan sera dressé, tout restera à faire. Attendrons-nous qu'il y ait, dans dix ans, une nouvelle conférence A. BAHIER, Député dv. Morbihan. llllll!lllllllllllllllllllllli!lllll!!l!l!lllli:lllllllllllllllllllll =:= SOURIRES =sLes prisonniers de Saint-Martin-deRé se révoltent. Pourquoi ? Réclamentils une libération anticipée? Veulentils faire reviser leurs procès? Du tout. Ces messieurs crient à tue-tête parce qu'on retarde leur départ pour le bagne Ils partiront sur la barque légère Tous les forçats. Leur rêve, en epet, est de se rendre au plus tôt à la Guyane. Ils sont condamnés aux travaux forcés; on leur a promis Cayenne leur droit est acquis. Le ministre de la Justice a donc i–t de ne pas exiger un paquebot de son collègue de la Marine afin de satisfaire ses clients. C'était bien la peine de nous apitoyer par de nombreux volumes sur le sort des analheureux bagnards La Guyane, nous le comprenons aujourd'hui, est le paradis des détenus, cent fois plus agréable que la prison de Limages, et ce n'est pas peu dire, bref, un lieu de délices d'où l'on file à l'anglaise vers les Amériques. Sommesnous assez ridicules quand nous croyons que les accusés des Cours d'Assises souhaitent ur acquittement pur et simple ou que 1 années de détention? Les accrue intelligents exigent le bagne et il faut reconnaitre que la plupart d'entre eux réussissent assez vite à obtenir le permis de traversée. Il y a une crise dans les transports maritimes ? Il fallait prévenir les touristes. C'est de bonne guerre. Quand un homme a fait son possible pour décrocher une récompense et qu'à la veille de toucher le gros lot, on prétexte je ne sais quoi pour lui refuser son dû, l'injustice est flagrante. D'autant plus que, parmi les prisonniers de Saint-Martin-de-Ré, il y a peut-être des artistes en panne, enga~gés pour uns firme de Los Angelès pour tourner à date fixe une brillante évasion ou des écrivains de l'école de Rème ayant prontis leurs alléchants mémoires à des éditeurs. M. le garde des Sceaux, soyez bon Faites lever l'ancre en faveur des élus qui espèrent la Terre promise. Montrez-vous aussi généreux que les juges, les procureurs et les jurés. Le Petit Grégoire. Voir en 2e page Le coin des pécheurs, par Fernand Biguet. 'Wlde World Photo). LE DÉPART DU TOUR DE FRANCE Notre photo montre les coureurs au Vésinet sous la pluie, peu après le départ Les Hollandais vont renouveler leur Chambre des Députés La Haye, 1er juillet. De notre correspondant particulier Mercedi prochain, 3 juillet, le peuple hollandais est appelé à élire la totalité des membres de sa deuxième Chambre ou Chambre des Députés. Le système électoral hollandais est le plus compliqué parmi ceux qui ont la représentation proportionnelle comme base. Le corps électoral est formé de tous les Hollandais, hommes et femmes âgés de 25 ans au moins. Le pays est divisé en 18 cercles, mais les partis sont autorisés à combiner les listes présentées dans ces cercles. Pour gagner un mandat, un parti doit obtenir au moins 75 du diviseur électoral, lequel s'élève (la Chambre comptant cent membres), à 1 du total des voix valables. Tout électeur, sous peine d'amende, sauf pour motif légitime, est obligé de se rendre au bureau de vote. Le nombre des partis qui sont en lutte est très élevé 36 en 1925, ils n'étaient que 32. Onze seulement reussirent à avoir des représentants à la Chambre qui a eté ainsi composée catholiques, 30 sièges socialistes, 24 antirévolutionnaires, 13 chrétiens historiques, 11 libéraux, 9 radicaux 7 protestants d'extrême droite (deux partis anticatholiques), 3 parti paysan, 1 populistes catholiques, 1; communistes, 1. Le cabinet qui est actuellement à la tête du pays ,est un gouvernement extraparlementaire, parce que les trois grands partis d'inspiration chrétienne (catholiques, antirévolutionnaires et chrétiens historiques), après un essai de collaboration, se sont trouvés, il y a deux ans, dans l'impossibilité de la continuer. D'un côté, l'aile gauche des catholiques exigeait l'application d'ull programme social que ses alliés refusaient de l'autre, lés chrétiens historiques s'étaient déclarés adversaires de l'ambassadeur auprès du Vatican. On ne sait pas encore si la coalition ancienne' pourra être reconstituée après les élections de juillet prochain. La lutte électorale s'est déroulée jusqu'à présent dans le calme aucun problème ardent ne passionne l'opinion. Les questions les plus importantes sont le désarmement en faveur duquel luttent les socialistes, et la question* de l'assurance ouvrière pour la vieillesse que les catholiques, de itême que les socialistes, ont inscrite dans leur programme La population de Londres i a acclamé le roi George à son retour de Windsor 2 LONDRES, 1er juillet. L'automobile royale qui a ramené le souverain de Windsor dans la matinée s'est arrêtée à la hauteur de l'Albert Hall où le roi et la reine sont montés en landeau de demi-gala conduit par des i postillons. Ils ont traversé Hyde Park 1 pour se rendre au palais de Bukin1 gham. ] Une foule plus nombreuse que d'habitude faisait la haie sur le parcours. ( Elle avait tenu à rendre hommage au souverain pour lui témoigner sa joie de le voir rétabli, puisque c'est la première fois, depuis le début de sa maladie, que la, population le revoyait plein de vigueur et de santé. Le spectacle était impressionnant. Tous les immeubles et magasins situés 1 sur le parcours. les hôtels particuliers et notamment celui de l'ambassade de France ayant vue sur le parc, étaient pavoisés aux couleurs britanniques. La fraîche verdure des arbres et les fleurs des parterres faisaient un charmant contraste. Les milliers de spectateurs qui étaient grimpés sur les branches des arbres ont acclamé les souverains et poussé sur leur passage des vivats prolongés. DEUX TRAINS DE MARCHANDISES SE TELESCOPAT Trois blessés Paris, 1er juillet. A 5 heures ce matin, deux trains de marchandises transportant des bestiaux se sont télescopés sur la voie ferrée des chemins de fer de l'Etat au Pont-desBœufs, qui traverse la rue de Vouillé. Dans le choc. 3 personnes ont été blessées. Ce sont M. Henri Auger, âgé de 29 ans, chauffeur de la machine télescopeuse qui a des confusions à la jambe gauche, M. Daumiet, Snécanicien, qui a eu le pied droit écrasé et des côtes brisées et dont l'état est grave, M. Joseph Expert, âgé de 32 ans, serre-freins, qui porte des contusions au bras droit. La cause de ce télescopage est encore inconnue. Le commissaire de police de la gare Montparnasse s'est rendu sur les lieux. iWirtr ̃ '•'̃or. Notre photo montre FRANTZ, un des favoris du Tour de France. A sa droite LE DROGO iWide World Photo) La tête de l'élégance à la garden party de polo de Bagatelle Les radicaux de l'Est et le problème alsacien PARIS, 1er juillet. La Fédération régionale de l'Est du parti radicalsocialiste, qui comprend 19 fédérations lépartementales, vient de tenir à Besançon un important congrès. Les 350 délégués présents ont adopté certaines motions inspirées d'un réel esprit de décentralisation, et proposé des réformes tendant à réduire les lentes formalités administratives qui alourlissent encore aujourd'hui la gestion Jépartementale et communale. Mais c'est surtout le problème alsa:ien qui a fait l'objet des préoccupations et discussions du congrès. Les délégués du Bas-Rhin, s'efforçant de déterminer les causes du malaise dans nos provinces recouvrées, n'ont pas échappé à l'esprit de parti lorsqu'ils snt attribué les difficultés présentes i peu près uniquement « au cléricatisme romain dressé contre la répualique française ». Ils ont maintenu, par cette formule péremptoire et absolue, la vieille équivoque dont nous souffrons encore profondément à l'intérieur du pays. Nous ne nous lasserons point d'y répondre en précisant, en affirmant. ;n proclamant de toute la force de notre conviction et de notre loyauté, que les vrais catholiques ne combattent pas la République ils s'élèvent seulement contre la fausse notion de république que certains partis veulent imposer au peuple, ?t contre quelques lois qui procèdent bien davantage du vieux droit régalien, du jacobinisme révolutionnaire et d'une philosophie rationaliste, que des principes démocratiques. Pour certains « républicains » la République n'est que la monarchie ou l'empire passai aux mains d'une oligarchie. Ce n'est pas ainsi que nous l'en:endons. Cependant, les radicaux réunis à Besançon ont adopté un vœu qui à première vue, s'inspire d'une doctrine plus libérale. Ils ont demandé « que l'enseignement religieux dans les écoles soit assuré par les ministres des différents cultes spécialement désignés pour cette tâche par leur caractère et leurs études ». C'est fort bien. Mais pourquoi restreindre à l'Alsace ce régime plus large ? Pourquoi décider que, sur ce territoire, tous les enfants des écoles primaires dont les parents le désireront recevront un enseignement chrétien ou israélite en classe, tandis que dans la France de l'intérieur, l'accès de ces mêmes classes demeurera interdit aux ministres du culte ? Il y a là une antinomie que ne sauraient admettre ni le bon sens, ni le patriotisme, une discordance qui choque les principes de liberté d'abord, d'unité ensuite, dont la république doit être la gardienne. En matière d'enseignement comme en matière de décentralisation, il faut être logique et travailler à l'indivisibilité de la législation. Les' radicaux l'ont toujours demandé. Pourquoi donc ne proclament-ils pas que tous les enfants de toute la France ont le droit, s'ils le demandent, de recevoir à l'école, à des heures déterminées et par le ministre de leur culte, l'enseignement religieux ? Pourquoi n'admettent-ils pas qu'à la neutralité « obligatoire et militante » qui a choisi officiellement l'irréligion, l'heure est venue de substituer une véritable neutralité pacifiante ? L.-A. PAGÊS. UN CAMION TRANSPORTANT 41 PERSONNES TOMBE DANS UN FOSSÉ Trente voyageurs sont blessés Ostende, I" juillet. Une caravane d'habitants de Tourcoing, au nombre de 41, était venue passer la journée d'hier à Ostende et s'en retournait, dans la soirée, dans un camion automobile. La voiture, qui était conduite par M. Decoott, roulait sur la chaussée lorzque, près de Ghistelles, une petite automobile voulut dépaser le camion. Par suite de la pluie et de l'état glissant de la route, cette voiture alla buter avec son train arrière contre une des roues du camion qui se brisa. Le camion fit une embardée et alla tomber dans le fossé situé en contrebas de la route. Tous les occupants furent précipités pêle-mêle dans le fossé. Une trentaine de voyageurs ont été blessés Quatre sont atteints grièvement, sept sont restées en traitement à l'hôpital d'Ostende. Un des blessés est dans un état très grave. LA DÉMISSION DU CABINET JAPONAIS TOKIO, ler juilet. Sur convocation urgente, le cabinet s'est réuni ce matin. Il a décidé de remettre probablement demain la démission du cabinet à l'empereur. NOS DETTES A L'AMÉRIQUE Le président Hoover était. dit-on, partisan de la remise de déchéance des stocks Londres. ler juillet. Selon le correspondant du Daily Telegraph à NewYork. le président Hoover était personnellement enclin à remettre l'échéance de la dette des stocks de guerre due par la France du 1er acùt au 31 décembre et cela d'autant plus qu'une résolution autorisant la remise de cette échéance au 1er mai 1930 avait été votée immédiatement par les deux Chambres du Parlement juste avant le départ en vacances. Malheureusement. l'ajournement eut lieu avant que le speaker de la Chambre des Représentants et le vice-président de la République. qui préside le Sénat, aient pu. par leur signature, donner force de loi à cette mesure. Si, comme le Parlement français parait le prévoir, la complète ratification du plan Young a lieu avant le 31 décembre, il n'y aura pas lieu de se préoccuper au sujet du paiement des 400 millions de dollars de la dette commerciale, car ce montant sera ajouté à la dette de guerre proprement dite. liquidable en soixante-deux annuités. En attendant, ajoute le correspondant, les relations franco-américaines n'ont pas été améliorées par les discours prononcées à la Chambre des Députés contre l'attitude de Washington celui de M. Franklin-Bouillon, en particulier, provoque des commentaires et de viulentes critiques. iWute Viorid fnolQ). Hotweed, monté par Garner, à M. Edward Esmoud, a gagné le Grand Pria de Paris \|\|\|\|\|\|illllllllllllllllllllinillllllllllllllllU!il!!llllllllllllllllll LES INCIDENTS DE L'ECOLE NORMALE DE QUIMPER DES ÉLÈVES SONT RAMENÉS PAR LEURS PARENTS QUIMPER, 30 juin. (De notre correspondant particuüer). A la suite de leur incartade de la nuit de vendredi à samedi: une partie des Normaliens, avons-nous dit étaient rentrés samedi à midi au domicile de leurs parents, tandis que d'autres, plus nombreux, Demeuraient à Quimper où ils avaient trouvé un gîte dans divers hôtels. Dans la journée, un des leurs, un jeune homme dE' 18 ans à peine, n'avait pas hésité a venir demander au maire la salle du Gymnase municipal pour y, tenir une réunion le soir: il fut d'ailleurs proprement éconduit. C'est que tous les propagandistes communistes, véritables responsables de la révolte de ces petits jeunes gens; les Coreec les Caruel. les Drapier, etc.. et jusqu'au camarade Coignat. délégué parisien du Syndicat unitaire, avaient promis leur concours et sont arrivés effectivement dans notre ville pour soutenir la soi-disant revendications des Normaliens. Il n'y eut donc pas, samedi soir, de réunion au Gymnase, mais les manifestants réussirent, malgré tout, à obtenir, par surprise, une salle dans un établissement de la rue Jean-Jaurès Et là, toutes portes closes, reçurent les enseignements apportés par les oracles ci-dessus indiqués Cependant, la Direction de l'Ecole Normale, devant la nouvelle révolte, s'était mise en rapport avec les autorités académiques et le Ministere. Sans doute, reçut-elle des instructions très précises, car, ce matin dimanche, une quarantaine de mutins, touchés, nous voulons le croire, par la gràce du repentir, s'étant présentés à la porte de l'établissement pour demander le plus humblement possible leur réadmission, se virent opposer un refus formel. Nous ne voulons Pu vous voir, leur fut-il répondu, qu'accompagnés de vos parents a. Et un bon nombre de ceux-ci, petits retraiLés, cultivateurs, gens en général peu fortunés, ont fait le voyage de Quimper en ce dimanche pluvieux Hier soir, on pouvait voir plusieurs groupes entourant de jeunes normaliens, portant leur valise et leur violon, prendre par les rues St-Mathieu et Rosmadec le chemin de l'établissement. Nous croyons savoir qu'une bonne partie d'entre eux ont été réintégrés. De cette façon, en restera-t-il beaucoup d'irréductibles ? Espérons, en tout cas, que la leçon profitera aux uns et aux autres. Les examens du brevet supérieur auront lieu cette semaine, et l'on se demande si les candidats de troisième année qui doivent prendre part aux épreuves ne seront pas quelque peu handicapés par les vacances exceptionnelles qu'ils viennent de prendre. N'empêche Joli travail que font là !es communistes, ceux qui prétendent que pour être bons éducateurs il faut être bons révolutionnaires. C'est une maxime que les parents apprécient avec la sévérité qui convient. LES RADICAUX-SOCIALISTES DE L'EST ONT TENU LEUR CONGRÈS Besançon, 1er juillet.Le congrès des radicaux-socialistes de l'Est, qui s'est tenu dimanche à Besancon, a voté la motion de politique générale suivante réclamant 1° la défense résolue das lois de laïcité et l'établissement de l'école unique; 2° l'organisation de la paix par une liquidation définitive de la guerre, sauvegardant la sécurité financière et l'indépendance économique du pays par une politique d'entente internationale préparant la Fédération des peuples d'Europe 30 une réduction générale des armements; 4o l'abandon d'une politique d'excédents budgétaires exagérés, la réduction du montant des amortissements, la réorganisation du système fiscal; 5° une lutte énergique contre l'augmentation des prix; 60 la mise en pratique des assurances sociales. M. Daladier, qui a prononcé, à la fin du congrès, un grand discours, a dit notamment, parlant de notre politique extérieure « Il faut qu'on sache bien que nous n'admettrons jamais que la France verse un sou de plus que ce qu'elle recevrait de l'Allemagne et que nous voulons que quelques réserves figurent dans un texte législatif. Nous entendons, en second lieu que notre adhésion résignée au plan Young ait pour contre-partie une modification profonde des statuts de cette banque des paiements internationaux, car nous n'admettrons jamais que les puissances financières pèsent sur la volonté des démocraties européennes ». UN PARRICIDE Laon, 1er juillet. Dimanche, à Crépy-en-Laonnois, Emile Blavier, 17 ans, ouvrier boulanger, a tué son père d'un coup de hache. Le meurtrier était venu passer la journée chez ses parents. Mme Blavier s'étant plainte à son fils d'être très malheureuse en ménage et lui' ayant fait part d'intentions de suicide. le jeune homme se rendit peu après da»s la grange où son père prenait quelque repos. Saisissant une hache, il en porta un coup à la tête de son père. Puis il alla raconter son crime à sa mère. M. Albert Blavier, transporté à l'hôpital de Laon, y est mort. L'assassin a été arrêté. LES FINANCES DES ÉTATS-UNIS Washington, 1er juillet. M. Mellon, secrétaire de la trésorerie américaine annonce que la clôture des comptes de l'exercice fiscal courant montre un excédent de recettes sur les dépenses de 184 millions de dollars. Les recettes sont de 4 milliards 12 millions de dollars, et les dépenses âe 3 milliards 848 millions de dolAitS. En outre, la dette flottante nationale américaine a diminué dans la même période d'environ 673 millions de dollars et pour la première fois depuis la guerre, elle atteint un chiffre inférieur à 1 milliard de dollars. Une active propagande allemande aux Etats-Unis Londres, Ie; juillet. Le correspondant de l'Observer à 'New-York signale que les Allemands font en ce moment aux Etats-Unis une campagne intense pour gagner les sympathies américaines et pour faire réviser éventuellement le traité de paix. Un manifeste, publié par eux, proteste, contre l'article 231 du traité de Verjsailles touchant la responsabilité de l'Allemagne concernant la guerre, réclame l'évacuation des pays rhénans, une modification des frontières orientales du Reich, l'abolition de l'article contre l'Anschluss et la restitution à l'Allemagne de ses colonies Les mêmes propagandistes font état de la récente déclaration du docteur Schacht, suivant laquelle les Etatsunis cherchent à être justes dans le règlement des dettes et ils opposent volontiers cette affirmation à certaines déclarations britanniques et françaises sur le même sujet qui n'ont pas un caractère aussi américanophile. Trois bonnes raisons valent mieux qu'une Propreté, fraîcheur et consernos ménagères en réclamant partout leur dessert préféré la HUITINE BRUN. DRAME DU REVOLVER Paris, 1er juillet. Hier soir, boulevard des Batignolles, Blézot G., âgé de 30 ans, chauffeur, a blessé d'une balle de revolver à la machoire Mlle Louise Pagnaud, âgée de 19 ans, domestique chez Mme Maucomble. Blézot, son geste accompli, tenta de se suicider en se tirant une balle dans la tête. Les deux victimes ont été transportées à l'hôpital Beaujon, Mlle Pagnaud dans un état grave, Gaston Blézot dans un état désespéré. APRÈS LE SAUVETAGE DU « NUMANCIA » Madrid, 1er juillet. Tous les journaux espagnols expriment leurs sentiments de gratitude à l'égard de l'équipage du navire britannique porte-avions Eagle, qui sauva le capitaine Franco et ses compagnons. Par ailleurs, le genéral Primo de Rivera a reçu de diverses personnalités appartenant a toutes les classes de la société, la suggestion d'accorder les honneurs nationaux aux officiers et aux membres de l'équipage du navire britannique Eagle et de leur faire une entrée triomphale à Madrid. MExlco, ler juillet. La colonie espagnole a manifesté devant la.légation britannique en témoignage de reconnaissance pour le sauvetage des aviateurs espagnols. Le roi George y a été acclamé. Un télégramme de l'équipage de V « Oiseau Jaune » Paris, l" juillet. Dès qu'ils apprirent que le Numancia avait été retrouvé, les aviateurs Assolant, Lefèvre et Lotti adressèrent au général Primo de Rivera, le télégramme suivant « Sommes heureux apprendre vaillant équipage Numancia retrouvé. Serons reconnaissants transmettre commandant Franco et ses héroïques compagnons, l'expression ije notre fraternelle joie. Assolant, Lefèvre et Lotti ». Le général Primo de Rivera leur a répondu par le télégramme suivant « Madrid, agréez l'expression reconnaissance pour votre sympathique et fraternelle dépêche et mes sincères vœux pour la gloire de l'aviation française, » Une aviatrice américaine monte, seule, à 7.720 mètres Chicago, ler juillet. Mrs Phcebe 0. Emilie, seule à bord d'un appareil léger, est montée aujourd'hui à 7.720 mètres, ce qui constitue le record du monde fémin d'altitude. RENSEIGNEMENTS MILITAIRES Recrutement. sursis d'Incorporation, reforme, pensions etc. S'adresser a Ramus. Ouest-Eclair, Rennes. Joindre 1 franc en timbres-poste pour la réponse. LE CHEVESNE (Suite) iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiin Les méthodes sportives. La pêche à fouetter. iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiin La pêche à fouetter ou la volante n'est autre que le lancer de la mouche. Elle consiste à envoyer l'esche naturelle ou artificielle coléoptère, héminoptère ou diptère, aussi près que possible du poisson en vue ou dont la présence est soupçonnée, et cela sans l'effrayer, ce qui n'est pas toujours facile. Ce genre de pêche est passionnant du fait qu'il oblige celui qui s'y livre, à l'observation de minutieuses précautions pour dissimuler sa présence à l'adversaire, lequel n'écoutant que son instinct fuit avec précipitation à la moindre alerté, au plus petit bruit anormal perçu ou tout simplement à la projection de votre ombre dans sa direction. Il faut donc ruser avec ce gaillard, le surprendre par derrière, en conséquence pêcher de préférence en remontant le courant, où, si on ne le peut pas, en se dissimulant derrière tous les obstacles naturels de la rive troncs d'arbres, buissons, roseaux, grandes herbes. Il est même des cas où on se trouve dans la nécessité de plier le genou, voire de faire de la marche « rampante afin de parvenir à envoyer sa mouche au bon endroit, sans risquer de faire sauver le poisson avant qu'elle l'ait atteint. Ce genre de pêche présente encore d'autres difficultés provenant, d'une part, des obstacles naturels gênant le lancer de la mouche et, d'autre part, de la longueur inusitée de la ligne. Il n'est en effet pas aisé d'envoyer une mouche avec une certaine précision à 10 mètres de l'endroit où l'on se tient. Et cette manœuvre devient un véritable exploit, un tour d'adresse, quand elle Est exécutée dans certains lieux garnis d'arbres ou de buissons qu'il faut éviter d'accrocher. Placer sa mouche au milieu d'un petit espace libre parmi les herbiers ou entre deux coulées d'herbes chevelues, n'est pas une petite tâche. Elle .est encore plus délicate à accomplir quand l'esche est une fragile bestiole, ailt:e ou non qui, sur un coup de fouet un peu trop nerveux, s'arrache de l'hameçon avant d'arriver au but. Et quand le vent s'oppose à la manœuvre, c'est le bouquet, comme on dit vulgairemuent. Vaincre tout cela, triompher de toutes les embûches semées sur le parcours de votre ligne, procure une grande satisfaction qui ajoute encore au charme decette pêche. On y parvient par une pratique attentive et raisonnée, on y parvient d'autant plus vite que l'on a la sagesse de penser qu'on ne peut être maître avant d'avoir été élève. La première chose à faire à cette intention, c'est d'apprendre à lancer correctement la mouche. Afin de réussir, il ne faut pas chercher dès les débuts à battre le record de la distance, mais au contraire à opérer sur de courtes longueurs et dans des parties de rivière dépourvues de ce qui pourrait gêner cette opération. Peu à peu, on allongera le jet, en s'efforçant d'approcher le plus près possible le but visé. Chaque fois qu'il sera possible de se faire aider par le vent, n'y point manquer, mais à la condition cependant que le soleil qui, à cette pêche, tst un de vos meilleurs auxiliaires, ne se trouve pas derrière vous et ne projette pas votre ombre dans la direction où se tient le poisson, ce qui ne manquerait pas de le faire promptement disparaître. En bateau Cette pêche se pratique aussi en bateau, soit seul, soit avec l'aide d'un rameur. Dans ce dernier cas, ce compagnon a besoin de savoir manier habilement et surtout silencieusement l'aviron. Quant à nous, nous préférons opérer seul en conduisant notre embarcation « à la godille », c'est-à-dire avec une seule rame qu'on actionne d'une main, à l'arrière du bateau dans lequel on se tient debout. Les chevesnes se tiennent généralement à peu de distance de la berge, sous les branches des arbres et des buissons qui s'étalent au-dessus de Ia rivière. C'est sous ces frondaisons qu'en fouettant, il s'agit de faire parvenir sa mouche et c'est en remontant le courant qu'on a le plus de chances de faire de nombreuses captures. les chevesnes ne vous voyant pas arriver, se précipitent sans retenue vers l'insecte qui leur est présenté. S'efforcer qu'il leur parvienne un peu devant le nez Le chevesne a l'habitude de se précipiter sur tout ce qui tombe à sa portée et bien souvent sans examen préalable. Si vous avez garni votre hameçon d'une mouche, d'une sauterelle, d'un taon ou de tout autre insecte naturel. le poisson le gobe et quand vous voyez qu'il l'a englouti vous ferrez, mais si c'est un leurre que vous utilisez, dès qu'il s'en rendra compte, il aura bientôt fait de souffler cette proie fallacieuse. A vous de ne pas lui donner le temps de faire cette constatation. L'équipement pour la pêche à fouetter La canne. Il y a deux écoles. L'une et l'autre ont leurs partisans acharnés. Les uns veulent une canne longue (5 à 6 mètres), les autres une courte (3 à 3 m. 50 au maximum). La longue se manœuvre à deux mains, la courte à une. La première, malgré sa taille, n'est pas plus lourde que l'autre, du fait qu'elle est en roseau de Provence et que, très souvent, les viroles en cuivre sont remplacées par des ligatures en fil poissé, afin de lui conserver toute sa souplesse. Elle s'emploie avec une ligne d'une longueur sensiblement supérieure, mais d'un développement invariable, tandis que la canne courte, munie d'un moulinet, permet de modifier la longueur du lancer selon les éventualités qui se présentent. Dans la pêche en bateau, c'est la canne courte qu'il convient d'utiliser Les bateliers, fort experts dans ce sport, se servent ordinairement d'une canne courte, mais sans moulinet constituée soit d'une vigoureuse pousse de noisetier, soit d'un jeune pied de bambou. La ligne qu'ils emploient étant au moins une fois plus longue que la canne, ne leur permet pas d'enlever leur victime d'autorité. à la volée. Voici alors comment ils procèdent une fois la victime ferrée, ils posent leur canne à leurs pieds, saisissent le fil et le halent main sur main jusqu'à l'embarcation. Nous préférons l'usage du moulinet et la mise en service de l'épuisette, une fois notre capture à portée. La ligne sera en soie fine terminée par un bas en racine anglaise, en crin japonais où en Florence également fin, lorsqu'on aura recours à la canne courte avec moulinet. Pour celles longue ou courte sans ce dernier ustensile, utiliser le gut terminé par un crin de Florence, moyen, une racine anglaise zéro X ou un crin japonais du même calibre. L'hameçon. Pour la pêche aux Insectes naturels, un numéro 10. Si on préfère la mouche artificielle, recourir aux modèles sans ailes et vn peu forts. Personnellement, en compagnie d'un batelier, nous nous sommes, à maintes reprises, livré à cette pêche à fouetter en bateau avec, comme esche, une mouche artificielle due à notre industrie et dont la fabrication est des plus faciles. Sur un hameçon à trois branches et à anneau, no 8 ou 10 (selon que la rivière contient plus ou moins de gros chevesnes), attacher un petit bouquet de barbes de plumes de coq multicolores, mais 4 le noir domine et le blanc est exclu.-Une fols bien ligaturées sur la tige de l'hampçon, couper ces barbes au ras de la courbure des branches de ce dernier, de manière à en dissimuler les pointes. Cette grossière imitation d'insecte velu on jurerait un pinceau sans manche est très meurtrière en des mains un peu expertes. Quelques amateurs, amis de la simplification, remplacent la mouche artificielle par un simple petit carré d'étoffe rouge -ou noir. Nous préférons le leurre que nous venons de décrire. Si on utilise les mouches du commerce, choisir celles sans ailes et fournies en hackles. Rejeter à peu près toutes les imitations en caoutchouc et en particulier celle de la sauterelle. Remarque. Dans la pèche du chevesne à la mouche artificielle, le bruit provoqué par celle-ci en frappant l'eau n'est pas un inconvénient. C'est même parfois seul ce bruit qui attire l'attention du, poisson. Par contre, il est indispensable de manœuvrer l'embarcation avec la plus grande circonspection FERNAND BIGUET. P. S. La prochaine chronique sera entièrement consacrée à la pèche du chevesne à la surprise ». Assolant, Lefèvre et Lotti au meeting de La Brayelle Paris, ler juillet. Commencé brillamment hier, le meeting d'aviation de La Brayelle s'est poursuivi ce matin avec autant de succès. Plusieurs avions sont arrivés sur le terrain. D'un petit avion qui s'était posé doucement sur l'aérodrome, Assolant descendait et était accueilli par toutes les personnalités présentes: Peu après un autre avion amenait Lotti et Lefèvre. Après avoir été félicités et congratulés, les trois vainqueurs de l'Océan montèrent dans une automobile et firent le tour de la piste aux acclamations de la foule. A 11 h. 30 Détroyat commençait la série de ses audacieuses acrobaties. L'ITALIE VA CONNAITRE DES TRAINS AUTOMOBILES ROME (.spécial). D'après un discours que M. Mussolini vient de prononcer au Sénat italien, l'Italie va bientôt faire l'essai de véritables trains automobiles, disposant de wagonscouchettes, wagons-restaurants et de toutes les commodités dont disposent les trains de luxe ordinaires. Six mille travailleurs préparent actuellement les routes nécessaires aux trains automobiles qui, croit-on, sont assurés d'un trafic considérable dès le début. REV UE DE LA PRESSE LE PROBLÈME SARROIS De M. E. CHARLOT, Député (LE CAPITAL) Le Sarrois, tourné économiquement vers la France, ne tient pas à y être rattaché politiquement; sur ce point, nous sommes d'accord, mais Il ne cherche pas davantage à rentrer dans le giron du Reich. S'il est sage de ne pas escompter un plébiscite favorable à l'annexion à la France, s'il est même préférable de ne pas le désirer, rien a priori ne s'oppose à la continuation, après 1934, du régime actuel d'autonomie, en l'améliorant encore, sous le contrôle de la S. D. N. Pour peu que la France le veuille, qu'elle fasse preuve dans ses relations avec les Sarrois de tout le doigté nécessaire, qu'elle respecte leurs intérêts moraux, qu'elle prenne toutes les dispositions pour faciliter l'essor industriel de ce territoire et améliorer le bien-être matériel de ses habitants, nous serions bien surpris si la troisième alternative du traité de Versailles n'était point la bonne. LA GRÈCE PROTESTE CONTRE LE PLAN YOUNG Celui-ci ne lui permettrait pas d'acquitter sa dette envers la France et l'Angleterre Athènes, 1er juillet. Le ministre de Grèce à Londres a été chargé par le gouvernement de présenter au général Dawes, ambassadeur américain à Londres, une note dans laquelle le gouvernement d'Athènes fait ressortir que le montant des sommes qui sont maintenant allouées à la Grèce aux termes du plan Young, ne lui permettraient pas de couvrir le service de sa dette de guerre envers la France et la Grande-Bretagne, alors que le principe adopté par la majorité des Etats créanciers de l'Allemagne est que le montant des paiements qu'ils doivent recevoir au titre de réparations doit couvrir les dettes de guerre. Le ministre Venizelos assistera peut-être à la conférence politique des réparations. UN CHAUFFEUR DISPARAIT. AVEC LA VOITURE DE SON MAITRE ET UN CHARGEMENT VALANT 500.000 FR. PARIS, ler juillet. Ce matin, M. Samuel Krasker, demeurant, 29, rue des Archives, a signalé à la police judiciaire que son chauffeur a disparu avec sa voiture six cylindres, conduite intérieure n26.Oi3 X 5. M. Krasker a déclaré que ce matin il s'était rendu rue Bolivar et qu'il était descendu de sa voiture, laissant cette dernière avec le chauffeur. La voiture contenait vingt-neuf sacs de toile contenant 20 kilos de pièces de monnaie d'argent françaises et étrangères et trois sacs contenant plus de 3.000 pièces d'or françaises et étrangères, le tout évalué 500.000 franca environ. M. Krasker a également déclaré que ce chauffeur était chez lui depuis un mois environ, mais qu'il ne connaissait pas son nom. C'est un homme d'une trentaine d'années. LE GÉNÉRAL RAMBAUD SAISI PAR AUTORITÉ DE JUSTICE Nice, 1" juillet. Ce matin, à 8 heures 30, le commissaire de police s'est rendu au domicile du général Rambaud, qui avait refusé de payer le montant de son loyer depuis 1926. Après avoir sonne à la porte principale de l'appartement et après avoir fait les sommations d'usage, le commissaire, devant le refus du général d'ouvrir, s'est rendu à la porte de service qu'il a fait sauter à l'aide de leviers. Dans l'appartement, le général et sa femme, assis dans deux larges fauteuils, se sont plaints de ce qu'ils appellent une violation de domicile. Le commissaire, après leur avoir donné lecture du commandement signifié par le Tribunal et avoir prononcé les paroles requises en la circonstance, a ordonné la saisie des meubles. Une équipe de déménageurs a transporté, dans une voiture qui attendait à la porte, tous les meubles du général et jusqu'au sabre. Le gEnéral et sa femme ont vu ainsi partir tout leur mobilier, mais se sont refusés à payer ce qu'ils doivent à la propriétaire de l'immeuble qu'ils occupent. Les meubles ont été transportés à la salle des ventes, où ils doivent être vendus demain. LE NOUVEAU CABINET JAPONAIS Tokio. ler juillet. On croit que le soin de former le nouveau cabinet sera confié à M. Yuko Hamaguchi, ancien ministre de l'Intérieur en 1926, chef du parti Minseito. Le baron Kijuro Shidera, ancien ambassadeur à Washington, prendrait le portefeuille des Affaires étrangères et l'amiral Hyo Takabare celui de la Marine. La publicité de l'Ouest-Eclair est la moins chère parce que la plus productive. FeuïlMrv *p iTtv-çclair du 2 Juillet 1929 7 LA ET LA FLAMME Par Charles SILVESTRE Ça fait vilain autour de toi, pauvre misérable. Tu es plus pauvre que les mendiants, tu es plus nue qu'un œuf, ma petite. On dit que tu dois dix mille francs. Moi, ça me ferait craquer la tête, et tu es là sans plus bouger Dix mille francs, de quoi acheter une paire de boeufs! Ça me surmonte. J'ai appris ça. Tout le monde le sait, à cette heure. On peut rire, ma petite, mais jamais avec l'argent Un chien ne lèverait pas la patte dessus, ni un chrétien, m'est avis. Qu'est-ce que tu vas faire ? Crie, remue-toi. Ça me fait sauter, moi. Dix mille francs Sais-tu ce que c'est ? Moi, je le sais depuis longtemps. Qu'est-ce que tu vas faire ? Vachaud est venu me parler il en pleurait. Ne me regarde pas comme ça. Vachaud est un honnête homme. Il faut être honnête. On est honnête quand on ne doit rien à personne. (Reproduction interdite.) Jeanne se leva brusquement et le regarda en face. Elle dit avec une fermeté qui le démonta Puisque je dois, je payerai. Il repartit, doucereux Avec quoi ? Avec. peut-être. Elle fut frappée par l'insulte où vibrait une haine horrible de vieillard. Vertier, dit-elle, vous ne pouvez pas m'aimer; alors vous êtes un homme lâche de parler comme ça. Il recula de surprise, la figure verdie de fiel. Il eut la force de se maîtriser. Machinalement, il avait pris un couteau, et il en rayait le bois de la table. Te fâche pas. Tu n'es pas facile. Tu t'adouciras. On saura te faire plier l'échine, ma belle. Elle passa le seuil et cria Vous êtes sur votre argent comme sur du fumier. Elle ne l'entendit pas bredouiller de rage. Elle partit comme si elle fuyait. Elle respirait avec force elle cherchait un air plus pur. Un grand tremblement la prenait et elle serrait les dents pour ne pas pleurer. Elle entra dans une prairie solitaire. L'herbe rase dever.ait fauve, et les arbres de clôture ne donnaient pas d'ombre il était midi. Elle vint s'asseoir dans un repli de noisetière. Autour d'elle, il y avait un silence extraordinaire aucun oiseau ne chantait, nul vent dans les feuilles une solitude verte et bleue, l'herbage, le ciel. La chaleur du sol était si épaiase, avec un souffle d'animal invisible, que Jeanne en était suffoquée. Pourtant, elle se trouvait en paix dans une lumière brûlante, au bord du buisson. Sa peine se consumait les paroles, plus aigres que le purin, qu'elle venait d'entendre, se dissipaient au grand feu de la saison. Elle avait faim elle mangea un peu de pain avec une poignée de noisettes. Elle gardait souvenance d'une source qui vivait dans l'ombrage de trois bouleaux. Elle s'en approcha et, toute courbée, elle but dans ses mains rapprochées elle voyait dans un profond miroir sa figure d'aujourd'hui, un reflet aussi léger que celui d'une feuille d'arbre. Elle en eut un obscur plaisir; sa douleur s'immobilisait. Elle pensa à Bili il fallait revenir au Bost. Elle achèterait une bouteille d'huile. S'il avait pris quelques poissons, il les ferait frire lui-même. Il serait content. Elle regagna le bourg et entra dans l'épicerie. Mme Bonfils s'asseyait derrière une table où étaient posées des balances à peser le tabac elle était aussi buraliste. Elle livrait d'une main un paquet de caporal, un cornet de tabac à priser, et de l'autre une boite de sardines. Les anciens du bourg assuraient qu'elle avait dit adieu à la soixantaine. Elle donnait ses paroles pour rien, comme le papier jaune dont elle enveloppait un morceau de fromage. Elle enserrait sa tête chauve d'un mouchoir soigneusement enroulé. Quand elle était décoiffée, elle avait l'air d'un vieux matelot. Oa disait qu'elle mettait au bord de son front un peu de suie, pour simuler de fins cheveux noirs. Lorsqu'elle vit entrer Jeanne Barrière, elle resta assise sur sa chaise. Comme d'habitude, elle gonflait ses joues et soupirait. Tu as bien fait de passer par là, dit-elle. On peut causer. A cette heure, tout le monde est chez soi. Il fait chaud. La marchandise se gâte avec ce temps, et moi aussi. Il m'est poussé quelque chose sur la joue. Ça m'ennuie.
US-20163105-A_2	USPTO	Public Domain	2. An obstacle course, comprising: first and second lanes, the first lane being associated with a first difficulty rating, the second lane being associated with a second difficulty rating; a first plurality of obstacles in the first lane, the first plurality of obstacles each being associated with the first difficulty rating; a second plurality of obstacles in the second lane, the second plurality of obstacles each being associated with the second difficulty rating, wherein the first difficulty rating indicates greater difficulty than the second difficulty rating; a first user interface present in the first lane and operable to: recognize a user of the first lane based on a characteristic of the user of the first lane; and measure a biological indicator of the user of the first lane; and a second user interface present in the second lane and operable to: recognize a user of the second lane based on a characteristic of the user of the second lane; and measure a biological indicator of the user of the second lane. 3. The obstacle course of claim 2, further comprising: a third user interface present in the first lane and operable to: recognize the user of the first lane based on the characteristic of the user of the first lane; and measure the biological indicator of the user of the first lane; and a fourth user interface present in the second lane and operable to: recognize the user of the second lane based on the characteristic of the user of the second lane; and measure the biological indicator of the user of the second lane. 4. An obstacle course, comprising: first and second lanes, the first lane being associated with a first difficulty rating, the second lane being associated with a second difficulty rating; a first plurality of obstacles in the first lane, the first plurality of obstacles each being associated with the first difficulty rating; a second plurality of obstacles in the second lane, the second plurality of obstacles each being associated with the second difficulty rating; and wherein the first difficulty rating indicates greater difficulty than the second difficulty rating. 5. The obstacle course of claim 4, further comprising an observation area, wherein users of the observation area can view the first lane and wherein a view of the second lane is at least partially obscured from the users of the observation area. 6. The obstacle course of claim 4, further comprising: a first module including a first obstacle from the first plurality of obstacles and a first obstacle from the second plurality of obstacles; a second module including a second obstacle from the first plurality of obstacles and a second obstacle from the second plurality of obstacles; and wherein the first and second modules are interchangeable. 7. The obstacle course of claim 6, further comprising a user interface disposed between the first and second modules, the user interface operable to: recognize a user based on a characteristic of the user; and make one or more recommendations to the user on how to continue based on at least one performance indicator. 8. The obstacle course of claim 7, wherein: the user interface includes a biometric sensor operable to measure a biological indicator of the user; and the biological indicator is the at least one performance indicator. 9. The obstacle course of claim 7, wherein the performance indicator includes historical performance of the user. 10. The obstacle course of claim 7, wherein the performance indicator includes historical performance of other users that share at least one performance characteristic with the user. 11. The obstacle course of claim 7, wherein the performance indicator is selected by the user. 12. The obstacle course of claim 4, further comprising at least one user interface, the user interface operable to: recognize a user based on a characteristic of the user; and measure at least one biological indicator of the user. 13. The obstacle course of claim 12, wherein the biological indicator is measured and recorded before the user starts using the obstacle course and after the user has completed using the obstacle course. 14. The obstacle course of claim 13, wherein the user interface is also operable to present to the user at least one performance measurement. 15. The obstacle course of claim 14, wherein the performance measurement includes a change in the performance of the user compared to historical performance of the user. 16. The obstacle course of claim 14, wherein the performance measurement includes a comparison of the performance of the user to historical performance of other users that share at least one performance characteristic with the user. 17. The obstacle course of claim 14, wherein the performance measurement is selected by the user. 18. A method of exercising, comprising: choosing between a first difficulty rating and a second difficulty rating, the first difficulty rating indicating greater difficulty than the second difficulty rating; traversing an obstacle in a first lane or a second lane, based on the chosen first or second difficulty rating, the first lane being associated with the first difficulty rating and including a first plurality of obstacles, the second lane being associated with the second difficulty rating and including a second plurality of obstacles. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein users of an observation area can view the first lane and wherein a view of the second lane is at least partially obscured from the users of the observation area. 20. The method of claim 18, further comprising interchanging first and second modules, the first module including a first obstacle from the first plurality of obstacles and a first obstacle from the second plurality of obstacles, and the second module including a second obstacle from the first plurality of obstacles and a second obstacle from the second plurality of obstacles. 21. The method of claim 18, further comprising registering with a user interface, the user interface operable to: recognize a user based on a characteristic of the user; and measure at least one biological indicator of the user..
US-201213984858-A_1	USPTO	Public Domain	Imaging system subject support motion algorithm(s) ABSTRACT An imaging system ( 400 ) includes a subject support ( 412 ) configured to carry a subject being imaged in an examination region of the imaging system and a subject support controller ( 418 ) that positions the subject support and hence the subject in the examination region for scanning the subject based on a motion algorithm which reduces subject support vibration during scanning relative to a trapezoidal or s-curve motion algorithm, for a given translation duration and a given translation distance. CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application is a national filing of PCT application Serial No. PCT/IB2012/050723, filed Feb. 16, 2012, published as WO 2012/110982 A1 on Aug. 23, 2012, which claims the benefit of U.S. provisional application Ser. No. 61/444,155 filed Feb. 18, 2011, which is incorporated herein by reference. FIELD OF THE INVENTION The following generally relates to translating a subject support of an imaging system in connection with axial and/or perfusion scans of a subject carried by the subject support, and is described with particular application to computed tomography (CT). However, the following is also amenable to subject supports for other imaging modalities such as positron emission tomography (PET), x-radiology, and/or other imaging modalities. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A computed tomography (CT) scanner includes a rotating portion rotatably supported by a stationary portion. The rotating portion supports an x-ray tube, which emits radiation that traverses an examination region and an object or a subject therein, and a detector array that detects radiation traversing the examination region and generates projection data indicative of the detected radiation. A subject support supports the object or subject in the examination region. A reconstructor reconstructs the projection data and generates volumetric image data indicative of the portion of the object or subject in the examination region. One or more images can be generated based on the volumetric image data. The subject support generally includes a base, which is affixed to the floor of the examination room and configured to move vertically with respect to the floor, and a tabletop, which is affixed to the base and is configured to translate horizontally, with respect to the base, in and out of the examination region. Both axial and perfusion scans require frequent tabletop translation; an axial scan is an imaging mode in which the tabletop moves the object or subject to each axial position for scanning, but does not move the object or subject during scanning, and a perfusion scan is an imaging mode in which the tabletop cycles the object or subject back and forth in the examination region during scanning. Traditionally, tabletop translation for both axial and perfusion scans is accomplished using a trapezoidal or an s-curve motion algorithm. FIG. 1 illustrates an example s-curve motion algorithm for axial (step and shoot) scanning over three steps. In FIG. 1(A), a y-axis 102 represents tabletop position, in FIG. 1(B), a y-axis 104 represents tabletop velocity, and in FIG. 1(C), a y-axis 106 represents tabletop acceleration. In all three figures, an x-axis 108 represents time. As shown in FIG. 1(C), tabletop acceleration and deceleration for the s-curve motion algorithm includes abrupt variable ramp up and ramp down, for each step. FIGS. 2 and 3 respectively illustrate example trapezoidal and s-curve motion algorithms for perfusion (cyclic) scanning In FIGS. 2(A) and 3(A), the y-axis 102 represents tabletop position, in FIGS. 2(B) and 3(B), the y-axis 104 represents tabletop velocity, and in FIGS. 2(C) and 3(C), the y-axis 106 represents tabletop acceleration, and the x-axis 108 in all six figures represents time. FIGS. 2(C) and 3(C) respectively show tabletop acceleration and deceleration with constant ramp up and ramp down and abrupt variable ramp up and ramp down, during each cycle. The acceleration and deceleration profiles of the trapezoidal and s-curve motion algorithms of FIGS. 1-3 generally will result in tabletop vibration and motion of internal organs and tissue of the patient being scanned. More particularly, the tabletop is a lightly damped steel and composite structure with one or multiple resonant frequencies. Upon the moment of trapezoidal or s-curve point to point motion in the horizontal direction, the tabletop resonance can be aroused by the resonant component of the primary motion, resulting in undesired secondary motion or diving board vibration in the vertical direction. High acceleration and jerk due to the primary motion, when used cyclically in perfusion scans, may cause excessive human organ motion, resulting in an unpleasant patient experience. Unfortunately, with axial scans, as the tabletop moving and settling time between scans becomes shorter and the intermitted travel becomes longer with wider coverage, motion acceleration and jerk will become greater, and, with perfusion scans, as the coverage becomes wider and the cycle time becomes shorter, perfusion scans can introduce greater secondary vibration. The secondary motion can be mitigated by use of a rigid based structure. However, with the conventional trapezoidal and s-curve algorithms, even with a stiff base structure, the amount of human organ motion and undesirable patient feeling generally cannot be mitigated. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Aspects of the present application address the above-referenced matters and others. According to one aspect, an imaging system includes a subject support configured to carry a subject being imaged in an examination region of the imaging system and a subject support controller that positions the subject support and hence the subject in the examination region for scanning the subject based on a motion algorithm which reduces subject support vibration during scanning relative to a trapezoidal or s-curve motion algorithm, for a given translation duration and a given translation distance. According to another aspect, a method includes determining a type of a scan for a subject based on a selected scan protocol of the scan. The type is one of an axial scan or a perfusion scan. The method further includes identifying a motion algorithm of interest, based on the type of scan, for a tabletop of a subject support of an imaging system used to perform the scan. The motion algorithm of interest is not a traditional trapezoidal and s-curve motion algorithm. The method further includes generating or retrieving a tabletop motion profile for the algorithm. The method further includes loading the tabletop motion profile into a subject support controller. The method further includes employing the subject support controller to control the tabletop during the scan of the subject based on the loaded tabletop motion profile. According to another aspect, a method includes generating data indicative of a plurality of tabletop motion profiles. The motion profiles correspond to algorithms from a group consisting of: a sinusoidal harmonic axial algorithm; a profile shaped axial algorithm; a band pass filtered axial algorithm; a sinusoidal harmonic perfusion algorithm; and a filtered perfusion axial. The method further includes storing the plurality of tabletop motion profiles in storage accessible to a subject support controller configured to control a tabletop of a subject support during a scan. The method further includes selecting and employing one of the motion profiles based on a type of a scan for a scan protocol selected for scanning the subject. According to another aspect, an imaging system includes a subject support configured to carry a subject being imaged in an examination region of the imaging system and a subject support controller that controls horizontal motion of the subject support based on a sinusoidal motion profile. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention may take form in various components and arrangements of components, and in various steps and arrangements of steps. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. FIG. 1 illustrates a prior art s-curve motion algorithm for axial point to point scanning. FIG. 2 illustrates a prior art trapezoidal motion algorithm for perfusion cyclic scanning. FIG. 3 illustrates a prior art s-curve motion algorithm for perfusion cyclic scanning. FIG. 4 schematically illustrates an example imaging system in connection with a subject support controller for controlling a subject support of the imaging system during scanning based on a subject support motion algorithm. FIG. 5 illustrates sinusoidal position, velocity and acceleration motion profiles for a sinusoidal harmonic axial motion algorithm for axial scanning. FIG. 6 illustrates simulated tabletop vibration for the sinusoidal harmonic axial motion algorithm of FIG. 5. FIG. 7 illustrates simulated tabletop vibration for the s-curve axial motion algorithm of FIG. 1. FIG. 8 illustrates sinusoidal position, velocity and acceleration motion profiles for a filtered time delay compensated axial motion algorithm for axial scanning. FIG. 9 illustrates simulated vibration for the filtered compensation motion algorithm of FIG. 8 for axial scanning. FIG. 10 illustrates sinusoidal position, velocity and acceleration motion profiles for a profile shaping motion algorithm for axial scanning. FIG. 11 illustrates simulated vibration for the profile shaping motion algorithm of FIG. 10 for axial scanning. FIG. 12 illustrates sinusoidal position, velocity and acceleration motion profiles for a filtered s-curve motion algorithm for perfusion scanning. FIG. 13 illustrates sinusoidal position, velocity and acceleration motion profiles for a sinusoidal harmonic algorithm for perfusion scanning. FIG. 14 illustrates an example model for modeling the elastic and viscous nature of soft tissue for the perfusion motion algorithms. FIG. 15 shows an example motion profile of a harmonic single step axial scan. FIG. 16 shows an example motion profile of a harmonic perfusion scan. FIG. 17 illustrates an example method for determining a tabletop motion algorithm for a selected imaging protocol. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS FIG. 4 schematically illustrates an imaging system 400 such as a computed tomography (CT) scanner. The imaging system 400 includes a stationary gantry 402 and a rotating gantry 404, which is rotatably supported by the stationary gantry 402. The rotating gantry 404 rotates around an examination region 406 about a longitudinal or z-axis. A radiation source 408, such as an x-ray tube, is supported by and rotates with the rotating gantry 404 around the examination region 406. The radiation source 408 emits radiation that is collimated by a source collimator to produce a generally fan, wedge, cone, or otherwise shaped radiation beam that traverses the examination region 406. A radiation sensitive detector array 410 includes a one or two dimensional array of detector pixels that respectively detect radiation that traverses the examination region 406 and generates an electrical signal indicative of the detected radiation. A subject support 412, such as a couch, supports an object or subject in the examination region 406. The subject support 412 includes a base portion 414 and a tabletop 416, and is configured to position (vertically and/or horizontally) the object or subject, with respect to x, y, and/or z directions, in the examination region 406 for scanning For axial (step and shoot) scans, this includes moving the tabletop 416 and hence the object or subject to a predetermined position before an axial scan, maintaining a static position during the scan, and moving the tabletop 416 and hence the object or subject to next a position for a next axial when there is another axial scan to perform. This is repeated for each axial scan of the imaging procedure. For perfusion scans, this includes moving the tabletop 416 cyclically and hence the object or subject cyclically in coordination with scanning the object or subject. A subject support controller 418 controls the movement of the subject support 412. The illustrated subject support controller 418 includes one or more processors 420 and computer readable storage medium 422 (e.g., physical memory), which stores computer readable instructions, which, when executed by the one or more processors 420 cause the controller 418 to transmit one or more control signals to control the subject support 412. The one or more processors 420 can additionally or alternative execute computer readable instructions carried in a signal, carrier wave or other transitory medium. The illustrated storage medium 422 includes computer readable instructions such as one or more subject support motion algorithms 424. Examples of such algorithms include, but are not limited to, a sinusoidal harmonic axial motion algorithm, a feed-forward profile shaping axial motion algorithm, a feed-forward profile filtering with time delay compensation axial motion algorithm, a sinusoidal harmonic perfusion motion algorithm, a filtered perfusion motion algorithm, traditional axial and/or perfusion motion algorithms such as a trapezoidal or s-curve axial and perfusion motion algorithms, a combination of one or more of the above-noted motion algorithms, and/or one or more other motion algorithms. As described in greater detail below, at least one of the non-traditional trapezoidal or s-curve axial and perfusion motion algorithms may mitigate at least one of tabletop vibration or internal subject motion, which, where the subject is a patient, may improve the experience of the patient and/or image quality. In one non-limiting instance, this is achieved while maintaining move duration, move distance, average speed, etc. relative to traditional trapezoidal or s-curve motion axial and perfusion motion algorithms, while providing jerk and acceleration motion profiles that minimize the undesired motion. A reconstructor 426 reconstructs the signal generated by the detector array 408 and generates volumetric image data indicative of the examination region 406, including the portion of the object or subject therein. A general purpose computing system serves as an operator console 428, and includes an output device such as a display, an input device such as a keyboard, mouse, and/or the like, one or more processor and computer readable storage medium substantially similar to the storage medium 422. The console 428 allows the operator to control operation of the system 400, for example, allowing the operator to select a scan protocol (which may be associated with a default or user specified subject support motion algorithm), select or change the subject support motion algorithm, initiate scanning, etc. FIGS. 5, 8 and 10 illustrate a non-limiting set of subject support motion algorithms well-suited for axial scans, FIGS. 7, 9 and 11 illustrate simulated vibration for the set of algorithms, and FIG. 6 shows simulated vibration for a traditional s-curve axial motion algorithm. Generally, a typical axial scan involves multiple steps of rest to rest motion. While the tabletop 416 comes to rest at a particular position, e.g., after each step move in the horizontal direction, inertia force of the step move excites the tabletop 416 and the base 414, causing a diving board like vibration of the tabletop 416, and the object or subject will vibrate in the vertical direction. The illustrated subject support 412 is a lightly damped metal and composite apparatus so resonance is inherent. The weight of the object or subject carried by the subject support 412, when coupled with acceleration, reduces the resonant frequency, and increase the inertia force required to complete the step motion, so the object or subject increases the amplitude of the diving board vibration. From the above, rest to rest moving is an external cause of the diving board vibration, and the low frequency resonance of the subject support 412 is an internal, or system, cause of the diving board vibration. With the illustrated subject support 412, the dominant frequency of the axial scan motion is smaller than the resonant frequency of the subject support even with the heaviest patient load. Initially referring to FIG. 5, an example sinusoidal motion algorithm with the identical time and distance as the s-curve motion algorithm of FIG. 1 is illustrated. In FIG. 5(A), the y-axis 102 represents tabletop position, in FIG. 5(B), the y-axis 104 represents tabletop velocity and in FIG. 5(C), the y-axis 106 represents tabletop acceleration, and the x-axis 108 represents time in all three figures. Note that the tabletop velocity and position profiles in FIG. 5 are very similar to the tabletop velocity and position profiles of FIG. 1. However, the tabletop acceleration profiles of the sinusoidal harmonic algorithm of FIG. 5 is much smoother than the tabletop acceleration profile of FIG. 1, mitigating undesired motion. FIGS. 6 and 7 respectively show simulated tabletop vibration for the s-curve axial motion algorithm of FIG. 1 and the sinusoidal axial motion algorithm of FIG. 5. In FIGS. 6 and 7, a y-axis 602 represents tabletop vibration and the x-axis 604 represents position. Note that the tabletop vibration for the sinusoidal harmonic axial motion algorithm of FIG. 7, during the time periods when the axial scans are acquired (i.e., between 1 and 2, 3 and 4, and 5 and 6), has a peak residue vibration 702 (e.g., 0.0846) that is about half (50%) of a peak residue vibration 606 (e.g., 1.664) for the s-curve axial motion algorithm of FIG. 1. In other embodiments, the peak 702 is about 25% to about 75% of the peak 606. With both FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, the tabletop vibration dynamics are simulated based on the following transfer function ${S\; Y\;{S(s)}} = {\frac{\omega_{n^{2}}}{s^{2} + {2\;\gamma\;\omega_{n}} + \omega_{n}^{2}} = \frac{986}{s^{2} + {1.57\mspace{14mu} s} + 986}}$ which has a unit response for DC input, a resonant frequency ${\omega_{n} = {{5\mspace{14mu}{Hz}} = \frac{31.4\mspace{14mu}{rad}}{s}}},$ and a damping ratio γ=0.025. Other transfer functions may also be used to characterize the tabletop. Experimental results for motion distance of 33.6 mm, 39.2 mm, 50.5 mm, 60 mm, 68.6 mm, 76.4 mm with a load of 90 lb, 180 lb, 300 lb, and 450 lb for step and shoot scans are in agreement with the simulated data. By way of example, for a 300 lb load, the average vibration reduction of a sinusoidal move is about 47% compared with the s-curved move, and for a 450 lb load, average the vibration reduction of a sinusoidal move is about 46% compared with the s-curved move. Turning to FIG. 8, an example filtered compensation motion algorithm for axial scanning is discussed. In this example, a band-stop filter such as a notch filter or the like can be employed where the resonant frequency and damping factor of the subject support 412 are known or can be measured or estimated. Generally, a notch filter is a pole-zero cancelling technology that basically uses new zeros to cancel the resonant poles of the original system, and places new well damped poles to achieve a stable non-oscillatory response. Compared with a low pass filter, a notch filter generally introduces less delay at least in part due to phase lag concentricity to the resonant frequency and has much better vibration squeezing due to the stable poles and cancellation of resonant poles. The time delay to the original motion planning can be accounted for in order to scan a patient in the right rest intervals. In FIG. 8(A), the y-axis 102 represents tabletop position after the time delay is factored in and the original s-curved position profile is filtered with the notch or other band pass filter, in FIG. 8(B), the y-axis 104 represents tabletop velocity and in FIG. 8(C), the y-axis 106 represents tabletop acceleration, and the x-axis 108 represents time in all three figures. In FIG. 9, the y-axis 602 represents tabletop vibration and the x-axis 604 represents position. Note that the simulated vibration has a peak residue vibration 902 of about or on the order of zero. In the illustrated embodiment, the time delay compensation factor is expressed in terms of the resonant period $T = \frac{2\pi}{\omega_{n}}$ of the couch vertical dynamics. Using ${S\; Y\;{S(s)}} = {\frac{\omega_{n^{2}}}{s^{2} + {2\;\gamma\;\omega_{n}} + \omega_{n}^{2}} = \frac{986}{s^{2} + {1.57\mspace{14mu} s} + 986}}$ from above, an s-curved step motion of one second, one distance, and one move, and the following example notch filter $\frac{s^{2} + {1.57\mspace{14mu} s} + 986}{s^{2} + {50\mspace{14mu} s} + 986}$ to balance the resonance, the time delay introduced is T=0.2 second. This time delay is accounted for in the profiles of FIG. 8. Turning to FIG. 10, an example profile shaping motion algorithm for axial scanning is discussed. In this example, feed-forward input shaping is implemented by convolving a sequence of impulses, an input shaper, with a desired motion profile to produce a shaped motion profile input that produces self-cancelling command signal to limit the residue vibration of rest to rest move pattern. Similar to the filtered compensation motion algorithm discussed in FIG. 8, the input is the subject support resonant frequency and damping factor (which is used in this case to compute the gain and time location of the impulse functions), and time delay is accounted for in a digital implementation. However, compared with the filtered compensation motion algorithm, the input shaping filter introduces half of the notch-filter's delay, and has better residue vibration attenuation. In FIG. 10(A), the y-axis 102 represents tabletop position, in FIG. 10(B), the y-axis 104 represents tabletop velocity and in FIG. 10(C), the y-axis 106 represents tabletop acceleration, and the x-axis 108 represents time in all three figures. In FIG. 11, the y-axis 602 represents tabletop vibration and the x-axis 604 represents position. Similar to the notch filtered axial motion algorithm, the simulated vibration for the input shaping axial motion algorithm has a peak residue vibration 1102 of about or on the order of zero. For system with transfer function of ${{S\; Y\;{S(s)}} = {\frac{\omega_{n^{2}}}{s^{2} + {2\;\gamma\;\omega_{n}} + \omega_{n}^{2}} = \frac{986}{s^{2} + {1.57\mspace{14mu} s} + 986}}},$ the time domain expression of the input shaper can be expressed as M(t)=C₁δ(t)+C₁δ(t−T_(d)), wherein $C_{1} = {{\frac{1}{1 + K}\mspace{14mu}{and}\mspace{14mu} C_{2}} = \frac{K}{1 + K}}$ are coefficients of the input shaper, ${K = {\exp\left( \frac{{- \gamma}\;\Pi}{\sqrt{1 - \gamma^{2}}} \right)}},\mspace{14mu}{{Td} = {\frac{T}{2} = \frac{\Pi}{\omega_{n}}}}$ is the time delay factor, and δ(t) is the unit impulse function. For a given input motion profile x(t), the input shaped motion profile is x_(m)(t)=x(t)M(t), where “” denotes mathematical convolution operation. In one instance, the above time domain convolution can be converted to continuous time transfer function, which is commonly used in simulation, and then the continuous time delay transfer function can be approximated with a continuous rational function. In another instance, the continuous time domain input shaper can be directly converted to discrete the time domain transfer function x_(m)(z)=x(z)(C₁+C₂z^(−n)) where n is the integer part of the value $\frac{T_{d}}{\Delta\; t}$ with sampling period Δt and C₁+C₂z^(−n) is the feed-forward digital input shaping filter. Due to the time delay of the input shaping, the original move time has to be shortened T_(d) time and the acceleration is increased. FIGS. 12 and 13 illustrate a non-limiting set of subject support motion algorithms well-suited for at least perfusion scans. For a perfusion scan, a general concern is patient comfort and the impact of organ motion in horizontal direction on image quality, and since the patient lies on the tabletop 416, patient comfort is affected by the force pattern introduced by the tabletop friction, i.e., the tabletop's acceleration and jerk and its frequency pattern of the primary motion. Generally low frequency and low acceleration will result in lower jerk and better patient feeling. FIG. 12 shows a filtered point-to-point s-curve perfusion motion algorithm. In FIG. 12(A), the y-axis 102 represents tabletop position, in FIG. 12(B), the y-axis 104 represents tabletop velocity and in FIG. 12(C), the y-axis 106 represents tabletop acceleration, and the x-axis 108 represents time in all three figures. FIG. 13 shows a sinusoidal harmonic perfusion motion algorithm. In FIG. 13(A), the y-axis 102 represents tabletop position, in FIG. 13(B), the y-axis 104 represents tabletop velocity and in FIG. 13(C), the y-axis 106 represents tabletop acceleration, and the x-axis 108 represents time in all three figures. As can seen from FIGS. 12, 13, 2 and 3, the tabletop acceleration of both the filtered point-to-point s-curve perfusion motion algorithm (FIG. 12) and the sinusoidal harmonic perfusion motion algorithm (FIG. 13) are smoother and thus result in less jerk and patient discomfort relative to the tabletop acceleration of the trapezoidal perfusion motion algorithm (FIG. 2) and the point-to-point s-curve perfusion motion algorithm (FIG. 3). For the filtered point-to-point s-curve perfusion motion algorithm (FIG. 12), a first order low pass filter $\left( {{e.g.},\mspace{14mu}\frac{\omega_{c}}{s + \omega_{c}}} \right)$ or higher order filter can be applied to the non-harmonic motion to alleviate the acceleration and jerk level of the non-harmonic motion to obtain better patient feeling. Note that the cut-off frequency ω_(c) of the low pass filter has to be carefully chosen. Too high cut-off frequency, the low pass filter has no motion smoothing effect, while too low cut-off frequency will produce too much motion coverage reduction and phase lag. For perfusion scanning, the phase lag is not an issue (like it is in axial scanning, as described above) as long as it is repetitive and constant, but the excessive coverage reduction has to be compensated. Around four (4) times cut-off frequency of the perfusion cycle frequency can be used to the low pass filter to balance the coverage cutting and motion smoothing effect. The effect of the low pass filter on the point to point s-curve perfusion motion phase lag and amplitude cutting can be seen in FIG. 12 where the cut-off frequency is 2 Hz for a 0.5 Hz perfusion cycle (i.e., a one (1) second end-to-end move, or a period of two (2) seconds). FIG. 14 shows an example model that can be used to model the elastic and viscous nature of soft tissue for the perfusion motion algorithms. The model assumes human organ as a passive, stable, and low pass systems, which may or may not have resonance, and is not sensitive to high frequency excitation. In this model, the relative human organ motion “X-Y” will be small if the organ position X can follow the tabletop position Y closely, where ‘m’ is the mass of the organ, ‘k’ is the stiffness of the tissue, and ‘c’ is the damping coefficient of the organ to external perturbation. Based on this model, for a harmonic perfusion motion profile, which only has one very low frequency component, the motion of the organ will follow the tabletop motion closely without extra motion mismatch or lag, while the motion mismatch will be much larger for the same amplitude and frequency non-harmonic motion profile because of its inherent high-frequency harmonic component of the non-sinusoidal motion profile according to the Fourier transformation theory, and human organ dynamics will filter the high frequency out. Of course, other models can additionally and/or alternatively be used. Experiments verified the impact of the different perfusion motion profiles in terms of water ripple in the half-filled fish tank that is placed on the couch tabletop. Four kinds of motion profile: back and forth trapezoidal motion so triangle speed, point to point trapezoidal motion with 50 ms delay, point to point trapezoidal motion with 255 ms smoothing factor and 50 ms delay so basically a s-curve motion, and back and forth sinusoidal motion were tested with cycle time around 1 second and cycle distance around 160 mm. The results show all other motion profiles except sinusoidal motion cause very dramatic water ripple. Other experiments showed the impact of the smaller acceleration level with 1.5 seconds and 2 seconds cycle time sinusoidal motion. With these experiments, barely any water ripple could be seen in case of 160 mm travel and 1.5 seconds cycle time sinusoidal motion. The experiments further showed that sinusoidal motion with even longer coverage (higher average speed and acceleration) still achieves much smaller water ripple. Further experiments included human subjects for determining true human feeling for the sinusoidal perfusion motion algorithm profile with 180 mm coverage of 1 second cycle time that lasts 1 minute, ends up 886 mm/s² peak acceleration and 282 mm/s peak speed. The results showed no dizziness or unpleasant feeling for the subjects. The long coverage and short cycle time combination with other perfusion motion algorithms is a concern for point to point back and forth perfusion scan. With respect to the example motion algorithms discussed herein, the sinusoidal motion algorithms have a 90 degree phase shift between the velocity and acceleration curves, which may result in relatively smaller drive power capacity compared with the other simultaneous peak speed and peak acceleration motion profile, because speed corresponds to voltage for motor drive, acceleration means torque so drive current, and power is derived by speed times force or by voltage times current. Smaller power drive means cost saving opportunity. Furthermore, different from the zero speed, zero acceleration at beginning and end of point to point s-curve back and forth perfusion, the initial and end speed of the sinusoidal motion at the beginning and end is zero, but the sinusoidal acceleration is peak at both ends. This is a unique feature of the sinusoidal perfusion motion profile. If optimal or desired sinusoidal perfusion motion cannot be implemented with a particular subject support and/or motion controller, the sub-optimal motion profile still satisfies a 90 degree phase shift of speed and acceleration curve to get the smallest acceleration level and smoothest acceleration change to shore up patient feeling. The following provides a general summary of various non-limiting motion algorithms discussed herein. For feed-forward input shaping (FIG. 8) and band pass filtering (FIG. 10) axial motion algorithms, the time delay is factored in first to calculate the acceleration profile, then the acceleration is integrated to get speed, which is integrated to get position, and then the profile is sampled and digitally shaped or filtered to generate the modified motion profile for couch primary motion input. For feed-forward low pass filtering of the perfusion motion profile (FIG. 12), the low pass filter cut-off frequency is calculated first, and then the original profile is digitally sampled and low pass filtered to generate the filtered motion profile. The harmonic motion algorithms for the axial scan (FIG. 5) and perfusion scan (FIG. 13) are similar in theory but different in implementation. The pattern of axial scan move includes move duration, stop duration for scan, then next move duration, and stop duration, and more dependent on the move steps. The pattern of perfusion scan includes move, then back move, then move, and more dependent on the perfusion cycles, and no intermittent stop duration. The harmonic single step point to point move of axial scan includes a full wave of acceleration cycle to begin and end the move with initial zero jerk, acceleration and speed, which is essential to minimize the secondary motion. The harmonic cyclic move of perfusion scan includes a half wave of acceleration and speed cycle due to the repetitive feature of the motion. A non-limiting harmonic motion profile for an axial scan can be based on, ${{s(t)} = {A\left\{ {\frac{t}{T} - {\frac{1}{2\pi}{\sin\left( {2\pi\;\frac{t}{T}} \right)}}} \right\}}};$ ${{v(t)} = {\frac{A}{T}\left\{ {1 - {\cos\left( {2\pi\;\frac{t}{T}} \right)}} \right\}}};$ ${a(t)} = {\frac{2\pi\; A}{T^{2}}{\sin\left( {2\pi\;\frac{t}{T}} \right)}}$ and, wherein A represents a single step move distance, T represents the move period, s represents the real time position, υ represents the real time speed, α represents s the real time acceleration, and t represents the time index. FIG. 15 shows an example motion profile (acceleration, velocity and position) for a single step harmonic point to point motion algorithm for an axial scan with A=50 mm and T=1 s. A non-limiting harmonic motion profile for a perfusion scan can be based On ${{s(t)} = {\frac{A}{2}\left( {1 - {\cos\left( {\pi\;\frac{t}{T}} \right)}} \right)}};$ ${v(t)} = {{\frac{A}{2} \cdot \frac{\pi}{T}}{\sin\left( {\pi\;\frac{t}{T}} \right)}}$ and ${{a(t)} = {{\frac{A}{2} \cdot \left( \frac{\pi}{T} \right)^{2}}{\cos\left( {\pi\;\frac{t}{T}} \right)}}},$ wherein A represents cyclic move (end to end distance) distance, T represents the (end to end time) move period, s represents the real time position, υ represents the real time speed, α represents s the real time acceleration, and t represents the time index. FIG. 16 shows an example motion profile (acceleration, velocity and position) for a harmonic perfusion scan with A=1 mm and T=1 s. To command a harmonic motion, the subject support controller 418 can generate a motion reference profile in advance, which is an array of position and time pairs. Where the controllers 418 is not capable of the computing a sinusoidal function online, a look up table and be generated and stored for the controller 418. By way of example, the point to point harmonic move trajectory of unit distance and unit period with 100 (or some other number) samples can be determined offline dependent on the controller's memory size. In one instance, the trajectory is an array of 100 components. In this instance, each component can be represented as two parameters, a position count parameter and a time index parameter. Such trajectory data can be saved into the storage 422 of the controller 418 as a lookup table. If the desired move period is X rather than unit second, then the time index is multiplied by X. If the desired move distance is Y rather than unit length, then the position count is multiplied by Y. Two harmonic motion modes can be created, one for single step move, and the other for the cyclic move. Each harmonic motion function will have a set of functional variables of move distance and move time. Although the motion algorithms are primarily discussed in connection with CT, it is to be understood that one or more of them can be employed in connection with one or more other imaging modalities such as PET, X-ray, etc. In one instance, the one or more algorithms can be used to mitigate and/or minimize the induced secondary vibration and/or human organ motion and to improve patient feeling. The one or more algorithms can also be used with other single step or multiple steps or back and forth point to point positioning scenarios with or without rest time in between which concern the unnecessary residue motion. FIG. 17 illustrates an example method for determining a tabletop motion algorithm for a selected imaging protocol. It is to be appreciated that the ordering of the acts in the methods described herein is not limiting. As such, other orderings are contemplated herein. In addition, one or more acts may be omitted and/or one or more additional acts may be included. At 1702, a signal indicative of a user selected imaging protocol is received. The selected imaging protocol may be an axial or a perfusion scan. At 1704, it is determined whether the selected protocol is an axial or perfusion scan protocol. At 1706, where the selected protocol is for an axial scan, it is determined whether the patient's weight is known and available. Such information may be part of the electronic patient information, entered by a clinician, and/or dynamically measured, for example, via a scale or the like incorporated into the subject support 412 or otherwise. At 1708, where the selected protocol is for an axial scan and the patient's weight is known, a resonant frequency and damping factor of the subject support 412 are determined based at least on the patient's weight. This may include mapping the patient's weight to a look up table (LUT) that cross references patient weight with subject support resonant frequency and damping factor. The LUT can be stored in the storage 422 or other storage. At 1710, where the resonant frequency and damping factor are determined, the processor 420 identifies one of the feed-forward input shaping (FIG. 8) or the band pass filtered (FIG. 10) axial motion algorithms. At 1712, where the selected protocol is for an axial scan and the patient's weight is not known, the processor 420 identifies the sinusoidal harmonic axial scan motion algorithm (FIG. 5). At 1714, where the selected protocol is for a perfusion scan, the processor 420 identifies one of the feed-forward low pass filtered perfusion motion algorithm (FIG. 12) or the perfusion harmonic motion algorithm (FIG. 13). At 1716, a profile for the identified tabletop motion algorithm is obtained or generated, and loaded by the subject support controller 418. The identified motion profile can dynamically generated, retrieved from storage 422 or other storage, derive, or otherwise obtained. At 1718, the scan is performed using the profile to control the motion of the tabletop 416. The invention has been described herein with reference to the various embodiments. Modifications and alterations may occur to others upon reading the description herein. It is intended that the invention be construed as including all such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof. What is claimed is: 1. An imaging system, comprising: a subject support configured to carry a subject being imaged in an examination region of the imaging system; and a subject support controller that positions the subject support and hence subject in the examination region for scanning the subject based on a motion algorithm which reduces subject support vibration during scanning relative to a trapezoidal and s-curve motion algorithm, for a given translation duration and a given translation distance wherein the motion algorithm includes a time compensated band pass filtered s-curve axial motion algorithm. 2. The imaging system of claim 1, wherein the motion algorithm reduces motion of internal anatomical structure of the subject during scanning relative to the trapezoidal and s-curve motion algorithms, for the given translation duration and the given translation distance. 3. The imaging system of claim 1, wherein the motion algorithm reduces subject support jerk relative to the trapezoidal and s-curve motion algorithm, for the given translation duration and the given translation distance. 4. The imaging system of claim 1, wherein the motion algorithm is a sinusoidal harmonic axial or perfusion motion algorithm, having a sinusoidal shaped subject support acceleration profile. 5. The imaging system of claim 4, wherein the sinusoidal harmonic axial motion algorithm induces about half as much vibration in the subject support relative to the s-curve motion algorithm. 6. The imaging system of claim 1, wherein the motion algorithm is a low pass filtered s-curve perfusion motion algorithm. 7. The imaging system of claim 6, wherein the subject support controller generates a motion profile of the motion algorithm by sampling and low pass filtering a predetermined profusion motion profile based on a predetermined cut-off frequency. 8. The imaging system of claim 1, wherein the motion algorithm is a feed-forward input shaping axial motion algorithm. 9. The imaging system of claim 8, wherein the motion algorithm is based on a resonant frequency and damping factor of the subject support, which are determined based on a weight of the subject. 10. The imaging system of claim 9, wherein the subject support includes a scale for determining the weight of the subject when the subject is on the subject support. 11. The imaging system of claim 8, wherein the subject support controller dynamically generates a motion profile of the motion algorithm by adding a time delay into a position profile and input shaping or band pass filtering the time-delayed position profile. 12. The imaging system of claim 1, wherein the motion algorithm is a sinusoidal harmonic axial algorithm with the following position, velocity and acceleration profiles: ${{s(t)} = {A\left\{ {\frac{t}{T} - {\frac{1}{2\pi}{\sin\left( {2\pi\;\frac{t}{T}} \right)}}} \right\}}};$ ${{v(t)} = {\frac{A}{T}\left\{ {1 - {\cos\left( {2\pi\;\frac{t}{T}} \right)}} \right\}}};\mspace{14mu}{and}$ ${{a(t)} = {\frac{2\pi\; A}{T^{2}}{\sin\left( {2\pi\;\frac{t}{T}} \right)}}},$ wherein s represents a real-time subject support position, v represents a real-time subject support velocity, α represents a real-time subject support acceleration, A represents a single step subject support move distance, T represents a subject support move period, and t represents a time index. 13. The imaging system of claim 1, wherein the motion algorithm is a sinusoidal harmonic perfusion algorithm with the following subject support position, velocity and acceleration profiles: ${{s(t)} = {\frac{A}{2}\left( {1 - {\cos\left( {\pi\;\frac{t}{T}} \right)}} \right)}};$ ${v(t)} = {{\frac{A}{2} \cdot \frac{\pi}{T}}{\sin\left( {\pi\;\frac{t}{T}} \right)}}$ and ${{a(t)} = {{\frac{A}{2} \cdot \left( \frac{\pi}{T} \right)^{2}}{\cos\left( {\pi\;\frac{t}{T}} \right)}}},$ wherein s represents a real-time subject support position, v represents a real-time subject support velocity, α represents a real-time subject support acceleration, A represents cyclic end-to-end subject support move distance, T represents end-to-end subject support move time, and t represents a time index. 14. A method, comprising: determining a type of a scan for a subject based on a selected scan protocol of the scan, wherein the type is one of an axial scan or a perfusion scan; identifying a motion algorithm of interest, based on the type of scan, for a tabletop of a subject support of an imaging system used to perform the scan, wherein the motion algorithm of interest is not a traditional trapezoidal and s-curve motion algorithm; generating or retrieving a tabletop motion profile for the algorithm from a plurality of algorithms including at least a time compensated axial algorithm; loading the tabletop motion profile into a subject support controller; and employing the subject support controller to control the tabletop during the scan of the subject based on the loaded tabletop motion profile. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the identified motion algorithm is a sinusoidal harmonic axial or perfusion algorithm.
sn83032307_1905-06-29_1_3_1	US-PD-Newspapers	Public Domain	MODERN BUCKBOARDS. Are Very Different From the Original Vehicle. “If the man that made the original buckboard could see one of the sorts we turn out nowadays,” said a carriage manufacturer, “he would certainly turn around in the road to look at it.” “The first buckboard, consisting of a seat placed on an elastic board whose two ends rested on a pair of axles, was a very simple and a very rough and ready vehicle designed for use on rough and rocky country and mountain roads, and there are parts of the country in which such buckboards are still used, turned out by local makers, but the modern buckboard, while it still preserves in a general way the buckboard simplicity of appearance, is a very different proposition from that. We now put between the axles under the buckboard longitudinal steel springs, which prevent the boards sagging unduly and give it greater strength and power of resistance and elasticity. We make such buckboards with one, with two or with three seats, seating two, four or six persons, and we make them either without tops or with them; with a buggy top on a single seated buckboard and with suitable tops on larger buckboards if they are desired. “And on some buekboards, to be used in districts where the character of the roads is such as to make their use advantageous, we put rubber tired wheels. No owner would want a rubber tired buckboard to be used in regions where the roads were sandy or rocky; in such steel, tired wheels would be best, but rubber tires are very good for a buckboard to be used in the city, where a few buekboards are used, or on buekboards to be used in parts where the roads are macadamized. The seats of these modern buckboards are made wide and with high backs for comfort, and they are upholstered with the best of materials, which are, for that matter, used in these vehicles throughout, for they are made for service as well as comfort, and they are, in fact, most serviceable as well as most comfortable. But the man driving one of the old original buckboards and who had never seen one of these would certainly turn to look at it if he should chance to meet one of these modern buckboards on the road.”—Washington Post. A Project For Saving Niagara Falls. Dam Niagara, drown the White Horse rapids, fill up the whirlpool, raise the water level in the gorge 100 feet, change the river into a storage reservoir from the foot of the cataract to the brow of the escarpment, and 1,500,000 electric horsepower may be developed at Lewiston. When this power is not in use a third cataract will be created, with the combined discharge of both the American and the Horseshoe falls flowing over a dam 100 feet high between Lewiston and Queenston. At this dam fully 60 percent of the energy of 222,000 cubic feet of water per second falling 100 feet and developing 2,500,000 horsepower may be transformed into electric current. A dam about 100 feet high, corresponding to the drop of the river surface from the foot of Niagara falls to Lewiston, five miles below, would work no substantial injury either to the natural falls or the existing power plants. Those who have enjoyed the wild scenery of the White Horse rapids at close range will be loath to give them up, but when the hard alternative is to drown these rapids or dry up the American falls the former seems much the less of the two evils. Alton D. Adams in Engineering Magazine. Judicial Tantrums. After a service of nearly thirty years as recorder of Dublin, Sir Frederick Falkiner is about to retire at the age of seventy-four. Sir Frederick is noted throughout Ireland as one of the most irritable judges upon the bench, and he is not slow to uncork the vials of his wrath when anything in the handling of a case evokes his displeasure. In his earlier days, he was constantly in hot water, but it was found that his bark was worse than his bite, and after awhile the counsel practicing in his court learned to receive with stolidity his tirades of abuse. It was astonishing to a chance visitor to behold a recorder dressing down a lawyer who stood silent before the torrent of words, but the lawyer well knew that before the court closed the recorder would make amends for his outbreak by singling the unfortunate attorney to be the recipient of some marked compliment. The retirement of Sir Frederick will remove from the Irish bench one of its most picturesque figures, but his memory will live in the legal fraternity through the good stories told of his outbreaks and apologies. An Erratic Reporter. Senator Hansbrough of North Dakota, according to the Buffalo Commercial, owns a country paper, though of late years he has been unable to give it much attention, depending on journalists of the itinerant variety a good part of the time. “Some of them have been good men, too,” says the senator, “and some have been—otherwise. I had one who was never satisfied with simplicity. He would refer to an ‘equine horse’ and in the case of a tramp killed in a railroad accident said that the ‘unfortunate man sustained a fracture of the spiral column.' Another of his pet expressions was ‘tripping the light bombastic toe.’ I didn't mind these so much, but when the daughter of a leading citizen was married and he spoke of the bridal procession proceeding down the aisle to the entrancing strains of Mendel & Son's wedding march, I decided that we had reached the parting of the ways.” CRONJE AS A SHOWMAN. A Pathetic Explanation From the Old Boer Commander. General Cronje, the Boer commander at Paardeberg, whose appearance in a military show has caused some unfavorable comment, refers in a letter to the New York World to many letters that have come to him from officers censuring him for disgracing the military profession. “In the first place,” General Cronje retorts, “I am not a member of the military profession. Therefore I cannot disgrace it. I fought as a patriot, not as a soldier. If the average soldier were as little a showman as I, there would not be so many brilliant uniforms covering dull men. British soldiers have said that it is beneath the dignity of a general to become a circus performer. Some of the men who have said this are the men I fought. They are the men who robbed me of my home and my country. “Those who have protested against my action, being actuated by kindness or sympathy for the Boer cause, I will now answer. “I went, as every Boer who was a man went, and faced the foe that was seeking to destroy the liberty of my country. After many victories I was defeated and captured. I neither disgraced my cause nor my beloved nation by my surrender. No man could have done better than we did at Paardeberg. I was sent by the British to St. Helena a prisoner. “When I returned to the Transvaal after the conclusion of the war I found nothing but desolation and ruin. My country was still black with cinders and stained with blood. In the battle of Paardeberg my wife was wounded as she fought in the trenches. That wound bled out from my heart. I thought that I had felt the worst pain. Alas, when I saw the scarred face of my poor country the wound in my heart opened and bled out my hope. I looked into my dear old wife's scarred face.” Face and then across the mired veldt. I could not help it—I cried. “Since that day I have not been able to stand straight. I was old and weak, hungry and homeless. My children had all died in defense of our country. There we stood, my wife and I, supporting each other in our misery. How lonely we were! How much alone! I was too old to fight again and strike another blow for our liberty. Too old to walk behind the plow. Almost too old to live. My countrymen saw my tears. They offered to help me out of their scanty cupboards. They were as poor as I. I was so old, but not too old to earn a living if the opportunity offered. “I hope that my critics will understand this poor old man and think of the circumstances behind his actions.” SnellleMN Prodigies. The three foremost prodigies of today, Mischa Elman, Franz von Vecsey and Vivien Chartres, are frail little atoms, marvelous indeed in their genius and unmistakably bearing the stamp of the divine afflatus. But one rarely sees them smile with the delight of success. Mischa Elman, the young Russian, has a serious, faraway expression when he plays, and even the frenzied plaudits he received at his recent recital failed to move him out of his saturnine mood. He was as a swimmer breasting the surf—the torrents of applause broke over him and left him unmoved. Vecsey, the nine-year-old marvel, is almost as indifferent. He acknowledges the reception of his performances in the manner of one who has learned a lesson. Little Vivieu I see Chartres runs off the platform instantly, her piece is finished, as though glad to get it all over. One year's to break the barrier of these childish brains. Do they really enjoy themselves? Is their very gravity a sign of delight too great for expression, or is it all a wearisome labor—a task such as might be set them out of school?—London Mail. King: Edward and the Xuns. The king's return from France is reminiscent, writes a correspondent, of the following incident which took place at Dover not so very long ago. As the French steamer arrived, the king happened to be walking on the pier at Dover in his undress uniform of a British admiral. Three nuns, who had been expelled from France, were among passengers who disembarked. Never having been in England before, they immediately approached the wearer of the naval undress uniform, taking him for the station master. They explained to him in their native tongue that they wanted to go to Victoria, whereupon the king in French said, “Mesdames, I will escort you to the right train.” He put them into a first-class carriage. They expostulated, as they had only third-class tickets, but he set their minds at rest by quietly paying the difference on their tickets himself. —London M. A. P. Swearing and Affirming. Judge David D. Shelby of the Alabama circuit court was talking about the difference between swearing and affirming. “Whatever the difference is,” he said, “it is assuredly not what a certain old colored man understood it to be last week. This colored man, entering the witness box, said he... thought he wouldn’t swear. He thought he would just affirm. “‘Erastus,’ I said, ‘how is this? A month ago when you appeared before me you consented readily enough to swear. Why is it that you will only affirm now?’ “ ‘Well, you honor,’ said Erastus, ‘the reason is that I speak I am quite sure about the facts of the case as I was of the order.’ ’—New York Tribune. SHERIFF'S SALE.— By virtue of a writ of fieri facias to me directed, issue out of the Court of Chancery of the State of New Jersey will be exposed to sale at public vendue, on MONDAY THE 24TH DAY OF JULY, 1905, between the hours of 12 o’clock and 10 o’clock in the afternoon of said day, at the Court House, Freehold, in the township of Freehold, county of Monmouth, New Jersey. All that certain lot, piece or parcel of ground with the buildings thereon erected, situated lying and being in the Township of Ocean County of Monmouth and State of New Jersey at Long Branch and which is bounded and described as follows, that is to say: Beginning at a point on the Northerly side of Cottage Place, distant six hundred and fifty feet and nine inches Westerly from the point where the said Northerly side of Cottage Place intersects the Westerly side of Ocean Avenue; running; thence Westerly and along the said Northerly side Cottage Place seventy-five feet and one inch; thence northwardly and parallel with Ocean Avenue one hundred and fifty two feet and eight inches; thence easterly seventy-five feet; and thence running Southwardly one hundred and forty-nine feet and ten inches to the said Northerly line or side of Cottage Place at the point or place of beginning, be the said several dimensions more or less. Being the same premises conveyed to Sarah Joseph, wife of Israel Joseph by Michael Urnstadter and Maurice S. Cohen as executors of Samuel Cohen by deed dated June 1, 1886 and recorded in the office of the Clerk of Monmouth County at Freehold, New Jersey, in Book 409 of Deeds, page 174. Seized as the property of Jessie Meyer et al., taken in execution at the suit of Grace S. Abbey Trustee, et al., and to be sold by O. C. BOGARDUS, Sheriff. Charles A. Rathbun, Sol’r. Dated June 19, 1905. $8.10 SHERIFF'S SALE.—By virtue of a writ of fieri facias to me directed, issued out of the Court of Chancery of the State of New Jersey will be exposed to sale at public vendue, on MONDAY, THE 10th DAY OF JULY, 1905, between the hours of 12 o'clock and 5 o'clock, in the afternoon of said day, at the Court House, Freehold, in the township of Freehold, county of Monmouth, New Jersey. All tract or parcel of lands and premises situated, lying and being in the Township of Ocean, in the County of Monmouth and State of New Jersey, at Long Branch. Beginning at the north-east corner of the lot hereby conveyed at a stake on the west side of a twenty-six foot alley, said stake being put for a beginning, is distant sixty-eight feet from the corner of said twenty-six foot alley and the south side of (formerly) Clark Street, now Belmont Avenue. Thence (1) southerly along the west side of said alley, sixty-nine feet to lands formerly belonging to the heirs of Wollman Stokes; Thence (2) along the line of said Stokes' land westerly thirty-one feet to a stake for a corner; Thence (3) northerly along the land of formerly Jacob W. Morris sixty-six feet to a corner. Thence (4) still along the land of formerly Jacob W. Morris easterly thirty-two feet to the place of beginning. Seized as the property of George W. Scott et al, taken in execution at The suit of Glenn K. Carver, and to be sold by O. C. BOGARDUS, Sheriff. Dated June 2nd 1905. Frederick P. Schenck, Sol’r. ($7.20) Sheriffs sale.—By virtue of a writ of fieri facias to me directed, issued out of the Court of Chancery of the State of New Jersey will be exposed to sale at public vendue on MONDAY, THE 3rd DAY OF JULY 1905, between the hours of 12 o'clock and 5 o'clock in the afternoon of said day at the Court House, Freehold, in the township of Freehold, County of Monmouth, New Jersey. All the following described tract or parcel of land and premises hereinafter particularly described, situate, lying and being in the Borough of Bradley Beach in the County of Monmouth and State of New Jersey. Known and designated as lot number five hundred and five and described as follows: Beginning at the northwest corner of McCabe Avenue and Beach Avenue; thence westerly along the northerly line of McCabe Avenue, fifty feet; thence northerly at right angles with McCabe Avenue one hundred feet; thence easterly parallel with McCabe Avenue fifty feet to the westerly line of Beach Avenue; thence southerly along the westerly line of Beach Avenue one hundred feet to the northerly line of McCabe Avenue and place of beginning. Also all that lot of land in the borough afore said: Beginning at a point in the northerly line of McCabe Avenue distant fifty feet westerly from the northwest corner of McCabe Avenue and Beach Avenue; thence westerly along the northerly side of McCabe Avenue fifty feet; thence northerly at right angles to McCabe Avenue one hundred feet; thence easterly parallel with McCabe Avenue fifty feet; thence southerly again at right angles to McCabe Avenue one hundred feet to the point or place of beginning. Seized as the property of Joseph A. Ackerman, taken, in execution at the suit of Cornell Wilmuth Snyder, Executrix and to be sold by O. C. BOGARDUS, Sheriff. Dated May 27, 1905...c x James D. Carton, Sols. ($S.10) Sheriffs sale.—By virtue of a writ of fa to me directed, issued out of the Court of Chancery of the State of New Jersey will be exposed to sale at public venue, on MONDAY, THE THIRD DAY OF JULY, 1905 between the hours of 12 o'clock and 5 o'clock, (at 2 o'clock), in the afternoon of said day, at the Court House, Freehold, in the township of Freehold, county of Monmouth, New Jersey. Tract 1. Beginning at a point on the center line of Bath Avenue "distant five hundred and eighty-six feet and nine inches Westwardly from the corner formed by the intersection of the center line of Third Avenue with the center line of Bath Avenue; and thence running (1) Northwardly and at right angles, or nearly so, with Bath Avenue two hundred and twenty feet more or less along land formerly of Annie E. Rice to the Northwest corner of said Annie E. Rice’s lot; thence (21) Eastwardly and along the rear of said Annie E. Rice’s lot fifty feet more or less to land now belonging to said Jessie Meyer; thence (3) Northwardly and along the land of said Jessie Meyer seventy-five feet more or less; thence (4) westwardly and parallel, or nearly so, with Bath Avenue Two hundred and forty feet more or less to land now or formerly of Siegmund T. Meyer; thence 5. Southwardly and along the land formerly of Sigmund T. Meyer and at right angles, or nearly so, with Bath Avenue two hundred and ninety-five feet more or less to the center line of the said Bath Avenue; and thence northwardly along said center line of Bath Avenue one hundred and ninety feet to the point or place of beginning. Tract 2. Beginning at a point on the Southern side of Cleveland Avenue distant five hundred and twenty-five feet westwardly from the intersection of the Southern side of Cleveland Avenue with the western side of Third Avenue and running thence southwardly and parallel with Third Avenue two hundred and two feet and nine inches to the rear of the premises first above described; thence northwardly and along the rear of said first above described premises and parallel with Cleveland Avenue or nearly so, fifty feet; thence northwardly and parallel with Third Avenue two hundred and three feet to the southern side of Cleveland Avenue; and thence northwardly and along the southern side of Cleveland Avenue fifty feet to the point or place of beginning. Seized as the property of Jessie Meyer et al., taken in execution at the suit of Valentine Marsh et al., Trustees et al., of Theodore W. Marsh, deceased, for the benefit of Grace S. Yissman et al., and to be sold by O. C. BOGARDUS, sheriff. Dated May 26, 1905. Charles A. Rathburn, Sol. (fio.so) The Inquirer prints all the $1.00 IN CHANCERY OF NEW JERSEY. To Hamilton H. Salmon and Jessie S. Salmon, his wife. By virtue of an order of the Court of Chancery of New Jersey, made on the day of the date hereof, in a cause wherein Rhoda H. Holmes is complainant and you are defendants, you are required to appear, plead, answer or demur to the bill of said complainant on or before the TWENTY-SECOND DAY OF AUGUST NEXT, or the said bill will be taken as confessed against you. The said bill is filed to foreclose a mortgage given by Jessie Mever and Arthur L. Meyer, her husband, to Rhoda H. Holmes, dated the Twenty-eighth day of October, in the year Eighteen Hundred and Eighty-nine, on lands in the township of Ocean, County of Monmouth, and State of New Jersey: at Long Branch City, on the corner of Broadway and Grand avenue, and you are made defendants because you, Hamilton H. Salmon are the owner of, and you, Jessie S. Salmon have an inchoate right of dower in said premises subject to said mortgage. JOHN J. ELY, Solicitor of Complainant, Dated June 21st, 1905. Freehold, New Jersey IN CHANCERY OF NEW JERSEY. To Anna A. M. Clark, Amelia Winbush, Caroline D. Chapman and George H. Chapman, her husband. By virtue of an order of the Court of Chancery of New Jersey, made on the day of the date hereof, in a cause wherein The State Mutual Building and Loan Association of New Jersey, is complainant and you are defendants, you are required to appear, plead, answer. Or demur, to the bill of said complainant, on or before the Fourteenth day of August, next, or the said bill will be taken as confessed against you. The said bill is filed to foreclose a mortgage given by Anna A. M. Clark to The State Mutual Building and Loan Association of New Jersey, dated February Fourth, eighteen hundred and ninety-seven on lands in the Township of Wall, Monmouth County. And you, Anna A. M. Clark, Amelia Winbush, Caroline D. Chapman, and George H. Chapman are made defendants because you claim to have some title to said premises. Dated June 13th, 1905. E. A. ARMSTRONG, Solicitor of Complainant, 301 Market Street, $5.40 Camden, N. J. IN CHANCERY OF NEW JERSEY. To John Robert Perrier: By virtue of an order of the Court of Chancery of New Jersey, made on the day of the date hereof, in a cause wherein The State Mutual Building and Loan Association of New Jersey, is complainant and you are defendant, you are required to appear, plead, answer, or demur to the bill of said complainant, on or before the Fourteenth day of August, next, or the said bill will be taken as confessed against you. The said bill is filed to foreclose a mortgage given by John Robert Perrier to The State Mutual Building and Loan Association of New Jersey, dated April Third, Nineteen Hundred, on lands in the Township of Ocean, Monmouth County. You are made defendant because you are the owner of said lands. Dated June 13th, 1905. K. A. ARMSTRONG, Solicitor of Complainant, 301 Market Street. $4.50 Camden, N. J. J. LAIRD HULSE, FUNERAL DIRECTOR OR — L. D. FHONK. Lady Assistant when desired. 33 SOUTH ST., FREEHOLD. Buy the Sewing Machine. Do not be deceived by those who advertise a $60.00 Sewing Machine for $20.00. This kind of a machine can be bought from us or any of our dealers from $15.00 to $18.00. We make a variety. The New Home is the best. The Feed determines the strength or weakness of Sewing Machines. The Double Feed combined with other strong points makes the New Home the best Sewing Machine to buy. Write for Circulars and we manufacture and prices before purchasing. The New Home Sewing Machine Co., Orange, Mass. 28 Union St., N.Y., Chicago, Ill., Atlanta, Ga. St. Louis, Mo., Dallas, Tex., San Francisco, Cal. For Sale by Readley System, New Jersey Central Time Table in effect May 14th, LEAVE FREIGHT For New York, Newark, Elizabeth, and all points in the route at 7:15, 9:15, 11:50 A.M., 2:15, 4:20, 6:50 P.M. For Long Branch, Ocean Grove, etc., at 9:15, 12:10 a.m., 2:15, 4:20, 6:10 P.M. For Atlantic, Atlantic, and Pacific at 9:15, 12:10 a.m.; 2:15, 4:20, 6:10 P.M. For Atlantic, Atlantic, and Pacific at 9:15, 12:10 a.m.; 2:15, 4:20, 6:10 P.M. York via Red Bant. 8:06 a.m. 11:12 a.m. 4:01, 7:02 p.m. Sundays, 11:22 p.m. For Vineland, Bridgeton, 7:11 a.m., 3:20 p.m. For Eaton town, etc., 7:11, 11:05 a.m. For East Long Branch, 8:06, 11:12 a.m. For Toma River and Baruegat, 7:11, 11:00 a.m. For Toma River and Baruegat, 7:11, 11:00 a.m. Through tickets to all points at lowest rates may be had on application to the ticket agent at the station. C. M. BURT, Gen’l. Pass. Agt. W. G. Besler, V. P. and Gen. Mgr. WANTED—TRUSTWORTHY MAN OR WOMAN to manage Dimmess in this county and adjoining territory for well-established house of solid financial standing. $20.00 straight cash salary with necessary expenses paid weekly by check from headquarters. Money advanced for expenses. Position permanent; previous experience not essential; No investment required. We furnish everything. Kuolose self-addressed envelope. Address, Manager, 810 Como Block, Chicago, Ill. Fine Poster Printing at Inquire Office. SPECIAL DISCOUNT THIS MONTH OF 10% OFF ALL CASH PRICES. These remnants are on sale at our store, offering the best quality at the most affordable prices. The quality of our furniture is second to none, and we are proud to offer it at a fraction of the original cost. The Bedroom and Wardrobe, with a wide range of chairs, is now available at our store. Our bedroom is equipped with the latest in furniture, including a range of chairs, bed, and chairs. Whether you're looking for a new bed, a bed, or a bed, we have it all. In addition to our furniture, we also offer a wide range of other items, such as bed, dresser, and bedding. Our selection includes both bedroom and wardrobe, ensuring that you can find the perfect piece for your home. For those interested in our furniture, we offer a wide range of chairs, bed, and chairs, all at competitive prices. Whether you're looking for a new bed, a bed, or a bed, we have it all. Visit us today to see our latest selection and to experience the difference of quality and value. Fidelity, Max Hat, IQ piccoa._ We Also Furnish a Flat at $65.00. Write for Our New Catalogue. UaBti Upon Application $1.00 a Week Opens an Account._ We Also Carry a Complete Line of CLOTHING For Men, Women and Children. - HWJB. —0«Jt Sideboard, br«I antoror; or dm&nt Sow tog Maahlrta, with 9 you’ gomatm; Laafh mr Ooucfa, oak cac Mat Chair; oak Ematoc Ta bu; <Uooratd Bojtftoh Tea Bat; haariaoma ft U« Cover; 1ft jwrfta Mfa»_ KZT'OfflDf.—OaJri Kitoban CtaMt, fltaaa doon; KkdwD Bun &wjr,ss? «s place of Ttaauaa; Kitofawr, TafaLr; lOjrarda Oilctotfc.__ \| r rgin ■ i bji u iw x>. f atuywca on iMi um-m-1 uwh vrrggf. \| 0»*m Er»l«n Mtu • o’clock. NEW YORK, N. Y. THE PARK OF QUALITY I ALWAYS TO THE "FRONT! BALLANTINE NEWARK BEERS ALES GIRDER from your Grocer or Bottler. If they do not keep it, drop us a postal card. On Draught and in Bottles Everywhere. BALLANTINE BREWERIES, NEWARK, N. J. SEABOARD AIR LINE RAILWAY. SHORTEST AND QUICKEST ROUTE TO SOUTHERN PINE, PINEHURST, CAMDEN, COLUMBIA, SAVANNAH, AND FLORIDA POINTS. AMERICAN, CHALOTTE, MACON, ATLANTA. MONGOMET NEW ORLEANS, AND TEXAS POINTS. Double daily service to New York 12:10 a.m. and 12:00 p.m. Through Pullman Sleepers, Ladies' Coaches and Cafe Dining Cars. MILEAGE TICKETS of this company's issue, sold at $2,000 for 1,000 miles, are good from Baltimore via the Baltimore Steamship Company's boat. Through Norfolk, and from Washington to all points on its lines in the South including Tampa, Fla., Montgomery, Ala., and Atlanta, Ga., thus enabling the Tourist. Manufacturer, Farmer and Stock Raiser to travel at a greatly reduced cost. SEABOARD AIR LINE RAILWAY offers desirable locations to the Manufacturer, Home Seeker, Farmer and Stock Raiser; also special low rates. Before deciding upon a location, call on or write any agent of this company for full particulars. W. H. Pleasants, R. E. L. Bunch, Traffic Manager, General Passenger Agent, General Offices: Portsmouth, Va. John T. Patrick, J. C. Horton, Chief Industrial Agent, Eastern Passenger Agent, Pinebluff, 5, C. 1183 Broadway, Selections in silverware FOR YOUR Holiday or Anniversary Gifts A set of triple plated knives and forks makes a sensible present, and if they bear this trademark are as serviceable as they are sensible. A complete line of spoons, forks and fancy pieces are also made in the "1847 Rogers Bros.' brand. They are handsomely put up in cases for presentation purposes. Your dealer can supply you. Send to the makers for catalogue explaining all about "Silver Plate that "was." It is beautifully ill as listed and sent free. WATCHMAKERS' SILVER PLATED CO., San Francisco, California.
github_open_source_100_8_20234	Github OpenSource	Various open source	// 表单校验规则由 schema2code 生成，不建议直接修改校验规则，而建议通过 schema2code 生成, 详情: https://uniapp.dcloud.net.cn/uniCloud/schema const validator = { "name": { "rules": [ { "required": true }, { "format": "string" } ], "label": "名称" }, "description": { "rules": [ { "format": "string" } ], "label": "描述" }, "icon": { "rules": [ { "format": "string" }, { "pattern": "^(http://\|https://\|/\|./\|@/)\\S" } ], "label": "图标地址" }, "sort": { "rules": [ { "format": "int" } ], "label": "排序" }, "article_count": { "rules": [ { "format": "int" } ] }, "create_date": { "rules": [ { "format": "timestamp" } ] } } const enumConverter = {} export { validator, enumConverter }
github_open_source_100_8_20235	Github OpenSource	Various open source	import React from 'react'; import { BrowserRouter, Route, Routes } from "react-router-dom"; import './scss/main.scss'; import Home from "./components/Home/Home"; import Login from "./components/Login"; import Logout from "./components/Logout"; import Register from "./components/Register"; import Form from "./components/Form"; import Header from "./components/Header"; function App() { return ( <BrowserRouter> <div className="mainContainer"> <Header/> <Routes> <Route path="/" element={<Home/>}/> <Route path="/Login" element={<Login/>}/> <Route path="/Register" element={<Register/>}/> <Route path="/Logout" element={<Logout/>}/> <Route path="/Form" element={<Form/>}/> <Route path="*" element={ <main style={{padding: "1rem"}}> <p>There's nothing here!</p> </main> } /> </Routes> </div> </BrowserRouter> ); } export default App;
github_open_source_100_8_20236	Github OpenSource	Various open source	<template> <div class="container-fluid"> <the-breadcrumb> <li class="breadcrumb-item active">{{ translate("admin.menus") }}</li> </the-breadcrumb> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="card"> <div class="d-flex"> <div class="card-header card-header-icon card-header-warning" style="flex-grow: 1 !important" > <div class="card-icon card-icon-custom"> <i class="material-icons" v-if="isCreateMode">add_box</i> <i class="material-icons" v-else>create</i> </div> <h4 class="card-title" v-if="isCreateMode"> {{ translate("admin.add") + " " + translate("admin.menu") }} </h4> <h4 class="card-title" v-else> {{ translate("admin.edit") + " " + translate("admin.menu") }} </h4> </div> <div class="mt-2"> <!-- <button class="btn btn-secondary"> <i class="fa fa-sync-alt"></i> </button> --> <router-link :to="{ name: 'meals' }"> <button class="btn btn-outline-danger mr-2"> <i class="fa fa-arrow-alt-circle-left"></i> <span> {{ translate("admin.discard") }}</span> </button> </router-link> </div> </div> <div class="card-body"> <server-error-alert :serverErrors="serverErrors" v-if="serverErrors" > </server-error-alert> <div v-if="getIsLoading" class="text-center py-5"> <vue-loaders-ball-scale-ripple-multiple color="#2B51C4" scale="1" ></vue-loaders-ball-scale-ripple-multiple> </div> <form-wizard v-else title="" subtitle="" color="#55AE59" @on-complete="handleSubmit" > <tab-content :title="translate('admin.generalInfo')" icon="fa fa-hamburger" :before-change="() => validateStep(1)" > <div class="row mb-1"> <div class="col-md-6"> <form-group :validator="$v.form.title" name="title"> <div class="input-group"> <div class="input-group-prepend"> <span class="input-group-text"> <i class="material-icons">lunch_dining</i> </span> </div> <input type="text" :placeholder="printPlaceholder('title')" class="form-control" v-model.trim="$v.form.title.$model" @input="$v.form.title.$touch()" /> </div> </form-group> </div> <div class="col-md-6"> <form-group :validator="$v.form.price" name="price"> <div class="input-group"> <div class="input-group-prepend"> <span class="input-group-text"> <i class="material-icons">attach_money</i> </span> </div> <input type="number" :placeholder="printPlaceholder('price')" class="form-control" v-model.trim="$v.form.price.$model" @input="$v.form.price.$touch()" /> </div> </form-group> </div> </div> <div class="row mb-1"> <div class="col-md-6"> <form-group :validator="$v.form.desc" name="description"> <div class="input-group"> <div class="input-group-prepend"> <span class="input-group-text"> <i class="material-icons">info</i> </span> </div> <textarea type="text" :placeholder=" printPlaceholder('description') + ' (' + translate('admin.optionalFem') + ')' " class="form-control" v-model.trim="$v.form.desc.$model" @input="$v.form.desc.$touch()" ></textarea> </div> </form-group> </div> <div class="col-md-6"> <div class="form-group form-file-upload form-file-simple"> <input type="file" class="inputFileHidden" @change="handleFileChange" /> <div class="input-group"> <span class="input-group-btn"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-fab btn-round btn-warning" > <i class="material-icons" onclick="$('.inputFileHidden').click()" >attach_file</i > </button> </span> <input type="text" disabled class="form-control inputFileVisible" :placeholder=" printPlaceholder('image') + ' (' + translate('admin.optionalFem') + ')' " /> <span class="input-group-btn" v-if="newImage"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-fab btn-round btn-danger" > <i class="material-icons" @click="cancelImage" >close</i > </button> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-lg-6"> <form-group class="ml-5" :validator="$v.selectedCategory" name="category_id" > <multiselect v-model.trim="$v.selectedCategory.$model" :options="allCategories" :close-on-select="true" :clear-on-select="true" :preserve-search="true" :placeholder=" translate('admin.select') + ' ' + translate('validation.attributes.category_id') " label="name" track-by="id" ></multiselect> </form-group> <p class="text-small text-small text-danger ml-5" v-if="!isCreateMode && !form.category_id" > <i class="fa fa-info-circle"></i> {{ translate("admin.noCategoryForMeal") }} </p> </div> <div class="col-lg-3"> <div class="form-group ml-5" style="margin-bottom: -22px"> <label style="margin-bottom: -30px" >{{ translate("admin.active") }} : </label> <toggle-button v-model.trim="$v.form.active.$model" :value="$v.form.active.$model" :sync="true" /> </div> </div> <div class="col-lg-3 mt-4 ml-5 mt-lg-0 ml-lg-0" v-if="!isCreateMode" > <img :src="form.resized_image" width="100" height="100" class="img-fluid rounded" alt="" /> </div> </div> </tab-content> <tab-content :title=" translate('admin.add') + ' ' + translate('admin.extras') " icon="fa fa-coffee" :before-change="() => validateStep(2)" > <div class="row" v-if="allExtras.length"> <div class="col-md-4" v-for="extra in allExtras" :key="extra.id" > <div class="card" id="extra-card"> <div class="text-center card-header" :class="[ singleExtraPath(extra.id) ? 'card-header-success' : ' card-header-warning', ]" > <h4 class="card-title row"> <span class="col-md-9" ><router-link :to="{ name: 'extras.edit', params: { id: extra.id }, }" > {{ extra.name }} </router-link></span > <a href="#" class="float-right col-md-3" @click.prevent="handleToggleExtra(extra)" > <i class="material-icons" v-if="singleExtraPath(extra.id)" >check_box</i > <i class="material-icons" v-else >check_box_outline_blank </i> </a> </h4> </div> <transition name="transition" enter-active-class="animated animate__fadeIn" > <div class="card-body" v-if="singleExtraPath(extra.id)"> <p class="text-small text-muted"> {{ translate("admin.title") }} : {{ extra.title }} </p> <form-group :validator=" $v.form.extras.$each.$iter[ findExtraIndex(extra.id) ].pivot.min " name="min" > <div class="input-group"> <div class="input-group-prepend"> <span class="input-group-text"> <i class="material-icons">remove</i> </span> </div> <input @input=" $v.form.extras.$each.$iter[ findExtraIndex(extra.id) ].pivot.min.$touch() " type="number" :placeholder="printPlaceholder('min')" class="form-control" v-model.trim=" singleExtraPath(extra.id).pivot.min " /> </div> </form-group> <form-group :validator=" $v.form.extras.$each.$iter[ findExtraIndex(extra.id) ].pivot.max " name="max" > <div class="input-group"> <div class="input-group-prepend"> <span class="input-group-text"> <i class="material-icons">add</i> </span> </div> <input @input=" $v.form.extras.$each.$iter[ findExtraIndex(extra.id) ].pivot.max.$touch() " type="number" :placeholder="printPlaceholder('max')" class="form-control" v-model.trim=" singleExtraPath(extra.id).pivot.max " /> </div> </form-group> <div v-for="option in extra.options" :key="option.id" class="form-check" > <label class=" form-check-label d-flex align-items-center flex-row " > <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" v-model.trim=" singleExtraPath(extra.id).pivot .admin_selected_options " @change="checkOptionsLeft(extra.id)" :value="option.id" /> {{ option.name }} : {{ option.price }} dhs <span class="form-check-sign"> <span class="check"></span> </span> </label> </div> </div> </transition> <div class="card-footer"> <div class="stats text-center"> <i class="material-icons">edit</i> <span v-if="singleExtraPath(extra.id)"> {{ singleExtraPath(extra.id).pivot .admin_selected_options.length }} {{ extra.name }} Option(s) {{ translate("admin.for") }} {{ translate("admin.thisFem") }} Menu</span > <span v-else>{{ translate("admin.selectToAdd") }}</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div v-else> <div class="alert alert-info"> <strong ><i class="fa fa-exclamation-circle text-light"></i ></strong> {{ translate("admin.noExtras") }} <router-link class="btn-link" :to="{ name: 'extras.create' }" >{{ translate("admin.add") + " " + translate("admin.new") }} </router-link> </div> </div> </tab-content> <button slot="prev" class="btn btn-warning"> {{ translate("admin.previous") }} </button> <button slot="next" class="btn btn-warning"> {{ translate("admin.next") }} </button> <button slot="finish" :disabled="postIsLoading" class="btn btn-warning" > <i v-if="postIsLoading" class="fa fa-circle-notch fa-spin"></i> {{ isCreateMode ? translate("admin.add") : translate("admin.save") }} </button> </form-wizard> <progresses-list /> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </template> <script> import { mapGetters, mapActions } from "vuex"; import { FormWizard, TabContent } from "vue-form-wizard"; import { required, integer, minValue } from "vuelidate/lib/validators"; import "vue-form-wizard/dist/vue-form-wizard.min.css"; import "vue-multiselect/dist/vue-multiselect.min.css"; import ProgressesList from "./ProgressesList.vue"; import { fireToast, imageIsValid } from '../../helpers'; export default { data() { return { selectedCategory: "", newImage: null, form: { title: "", price: 0, category_id: "", active: false, desc: "", extras: [], }, }; }, validations: { selectedCategory: { required, }, newImage: { required: false, }, form: { title: { required, }, price: { required, minValue: minValue(0), integer, }, category_id: { required: false, }, active: { required, }, desc: { required: false, }, extras: { required: false, $each: { pivot: { min: { required, integer, minValue: minValue(0), }, max: { required, integer, minValue: minValue(1), isBetweenTheMinAndAdminSelectedOptions: (maxValue, pivot) => { return ( maxValue >= pivot.min && maxValue <= pivot.admin_selected_options.length ); }, }, }, }, }, }, }, components: { FormWizard, TabContent, ProgressesList, }, watch: { mealObject() { this.form = { ...this.form, ...this.mealObject }; }, }, computed: { isCreateMode() { return this.$route.name == "meals.create"; }, getIsLoading() { return this.isLoading["get"]; }, postIsLoading() { return this.isLoading["post"]; }, ...mapGetters("meals", ["mealObject", "isLoading", "serverErrors"]), ...mapGetters("categories", ["allCategories"]), ...mapGetters("extras", ["allExtras"]), }, methods: { cancelImage() { $("#inputFileHidden").val(""); $(".inputFileVisible").val(""); this.newImage = null; }, handleFileChange(e) { const file = e.target.files[0]; if(!imageIsValid(file)) return fireToast('danger' , "Invalid Image") $(".inputFileVisible").val(file.name); this.newImage = file; }, handleSubmit() { this.$v.$touch(); if (!this.$v.$invalid) { // create new formdata object let formData = new FormData(); // appending the Image file to the formdata if the file is not null if (this.newImage !== null) { formData.append("newImage", this.newImage); } // appending all the form properties to the form data _.each(this.form, (value, key) => { if (key == "extras") { // because extras is an array end form data sends every thing as string so we stringify it in order to parse it in the backend formData.append(key, JSON.stringify(value)); } else { formData.append(key, value); } }); //to fit multiselect component if (this.selectedCategory) { formData.append("category_id", this.selectedCategory.id); } // and passing the form data instead of the product object if (this.isCreateMode) { this.addMeal(formData); } else { this.updateMeal(formData); } } }, // validate form before change wizard step validateStep(step) { this.$v.$touch(); // if the extras are invalid and the user navigates back to step 1 . and tries to navigate again to step2 he wont be able to . that's why we added this condition to check if there are some errors in extras to allow the user to go back and fix them. if (step == 1 && this.$v.form.extras.$each.$error) { return true; } return this.$v.$invalid ? false : true; }, // check if the user checked out all options. if so remove the extra from the array checkOptionsLeft(extraId) { if (!this.singleExtraPath(extraId).pivot.admin_selected_options.length) { this.form.extras = this.form.extras.filter( (extra) => extra.id !== extraId ); } }, // returns a single extra path in the extras array singleExtraPath(id) { return this.$v.form.extras.$model[this.findExtraIndex(id)]; }, // toggle the state of extra(added /removed from/to) the extras array handleToggleExtra(extra) { const id = extra.id; if (this.singleExtraPath(id)) { this.form.extras = this.form.extras.filter((extra) => extra.id !== id); } else { this.form.extras.push({ ...extra, pivot: { admin_selected_options: extra.options.map((option) => option.id), min: 1, max: extra.options.length, }, }); } }, // find extra index in the array (handy when binding the selected options checkboxes to a specific extra ) findExtraIndex(id) { return this.form.extras.findIndex((extra) => extra.id === id); }, ...mapActions("meals", ["addMeal", "updateMeal", "fetchMeal"]), ...mapActions("categories", ["fetchCategories"]), ...mapActions("extras", ["fetchExtras"]), }, mounted() { this.$store.commit("meals/clearMeal"); this.$store.commit("meals/clearServerErrors"); if (!this.isCreateMode) { this.fetchMeal(this.$route.params.id).then( () => (this.selectedCategory = this.mealObject.category) ); } this.fetchCategories(); this.fetchExtras(); }, }; </script> <style scoped > @import "https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/animate.css/4.1.1/animate.min.css"; </style>
github_open_source_100_8_20237	Github OpenSource	Various open source	// Dual channel addressable switch // Works, master can latch the pin and pull it thereby down // native bus-features: Overdrive capable #ifndef ONEWIRE_DS2413_H #define ONEWIRE_DS2413_H #include "OneWireItem.h" class DS2413 : public OneWireItem { private: bool pin_state[2]; // sensed input for A and B bool pin_latch[2]; // PIO can be set to input (0) or output-to-zero (1) public: static constexpr uint8_t family_code { 0x3A }; DS2413(uint8_t ID1, uint8_t ID2, uint8_t ID3, uint8_t ID4, uint8_t ID5, uint8_t ID6, uint8_t ID7); void duty(OneWireHub * hub) final; bool setPinState(const uint8_t a_or_b, const bool value) { if (value && pin_latch[a_or_b & 1]) return false; // can't set 1 because pin is latched pin_state[a_or_b & 1] = value; return true; } bool getPinState(const uint8_t a_or_b) const { return pin_state[a_or_b & 1]; } void setPinLatch(const uint8_t a_or_b, const bool value) // latching a pin will pull it down (state=zero) { pin_latch[a_or_b & 1] = value; if (value) setPinState(a_or_b, false); } bool getPinLatch(const uint8_t a_or_b) const { return pin_latch[a_or_b & 1]; } }; #endif
github_open_source_100_8_20238	Github OpenSource	Various open source	/ @file SMM variable check definitions, it reuses the interface definitions of variable check. Copyright (c) 2015, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.<BR> This program and the accompanying materials are licensed and made available under the terms and conditions of the BSD License which accompanies this distribution. The full text of the license may be found at http://opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php THE PROGRAM IS DISTRIBUTED UNDER THE BSD LICENSE ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONS OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. / #ifndef __SMM_VAR_CHECK_H__ #define __SMM_VAR_CHECK_H__ #include <Protocol/VarCheck.h> #define EDKII_SMM_VAR_CHECK_PROTOCOL_GUID \ { \ 0xb0d8f3c1, 0xb7de, 0x4c11, { 0xbc, 0x89, 0x2f, 0xb5, 0x62, 0xc8, 0xc4, 0x11 } \ }; typedef struct _EDKII_SMM_VAR_CHECK_PROTOCOL EDKII_SMM_VAR_CHECK_PROTOCOL; struct _EDKII_SMM_VAR_CHECK_PROTOCOL { EDKII_VAR_CHECK_REGISTER_SET_VARIABLE_CHECK_HANDLER SmmRegisterSetVariableCheckHandler; EDKII_VAR_CHECK_VARIABLE_PROPERTY_SET SmmVariablePropertySet; EDKII_VAR_CHECK_VARIABLE_PROPERTY_GET SmmVariablePropertyGet; }; extern EFI_GUID gEdkiiSmmVarCheckProtocolGuid; #endif
US-59106809-A_1	USPTO	Public Domain	Heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet ABSTRACT A heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet useful to replace the glass or affixed to the glass is made by a non-coating process for cutting-off infrared and ultra-violet, which production method is an improved traditional process for producing the PVC sheets, and in the production a specific formula of PVC blends containing PVC resin, plasticizer, inorganic heat-insulating particles and other additives is directly used to produce the PVC sheet to keep the properties of PVC and to provide transparency, low haze and an excellent effect for cutting-off infrared and ultra-violet. CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application is a CIP of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/907,022filed Oct. 9, 2007, now pending. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat-insulating transparent PVCsheet, and more particularly, to a heat-insulating transparent PVC sheethaving inorganic heat-insulating particles uniformly dispersed insideand made by a non-coating process. 2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG. 1, a conventional heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet10 allows visible light to pass and cuts off infrared, and is generallypasted on the glass of buildings or cars for providing a heat-insulatingeffect and transparency to meet visual requirement. However, the conventional heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet 10 doesnot cut off the ultra-violet well. Therefore, an UV absorbent isgenerally added in the PVC sheet then pasted on the glass of buildingsor cars for providing an effect of cutting-off ultra-violet and therebyhuman bodies are protected from the damage of ultra-violet. The processes of making conventional heat-insulating transparent PVCsheets include a dry-coating process and a wet-coating process. In bothprocesses, a heat-insulating layer is coated on a plastic substrate andthen a heat-insulating transparent sheet is produced. As shown in FIG. 1, a heat-insulating transparent sheet 10 made by thedry-coating process has a metal, metallic oxide or inorganic material 12uniformly attached on a plastic substrate 11 by a vacuum sputtering orevaporating process as a heat-insulating layer. As shown in FIG. 2, in a heat-insulating transparent sheet 20 made bythe wet-coating process, heat-insulating inorganic particles 22 aredistributed uniformly in an appropriate resin 23 and solvent to form acoating liquid with appropriate viscosity for coating on a plasticsubstrate 21. After drying to remove the solvent, the inorganicparticles 22 and the resin 23 become a heat-insulating layer attached onthe plastic substrate 21. However, two processes are needed in the above either the dry-coatingprocess or the wet-coating process requires two procedures. One ismaking the plastic substrate and the other is coating the plasticsubstrate with a heat-insulating layer. Therefore, the drawbacks of thedry-coating and wet-coating processes of conventional heat-insulatingsheets comprise complicated procedures, expensive equipments and slowproduction speed. Besides, environmental issues of waste solvents existin the wet-coating processes. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The main purpose of the present invention is to provide aheat-insulating transparent PVC sheet having inorganic heat-insulatingparticles uniformly dispersed inside, which discloses a specific formulaof raw materials containing PVC resin, plasticizer, inorganicheat-insulating particles and other additives, and also discloses animproved process for producing the heat-insulating transparent PVC sheetmade by the specific formula of raw materials thereof capable of withouta coating process, e.g., a conventional process of making PVC sheets isimproved without use of coating process to produce the heat-insulatingtransparent PVC sheet having inorganic heat-insulating particlesuniformly dispersed inside directly. As is known to all, the transparency of a heat-insulating transparentPVC sheet may become no good if inorganic insulation particles dispersedinside, the reason is that the inorganic insulation particles insideheat-insulating transparent PVC sheet are so easily become agglomeratethat causes reduction of the transparency of the PVC sheet. In addition,due to inorganic insulation particles hard to uniformly dispersed in PVCmixture or blends, resulted in that the inorganic heat-insulatingparticles are difficult to be processed at temperature of 150-190° C.and even easily plated out from the PVC sheet during producing process,so that this is a critical and practical reason why the above-mentionedconventional heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet has no choice but tocomprise a heat-insulating layer coated on a plastic substrate by adry-coating process and a wet-coating process. The further purpose of the present invention is that no solvents need tobe used during the whole process for producing the heat-insulatingtransparent PVC sheet having inorganic insulation particles uniformlydispersed inside, and no inorganic insulation particles will be platedout from the heat-insulating PVC sheet during the whole producingprocess. Particularly, the heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet of thepresent invention keeps the properties of PVC and has transparency, lowhaze and an excellent effect for cutting-off infrared and ultra-violet. The process for producing a heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet of theinvention is directly employed a known conventional process generallyapplied for making general PVC sheets but no coating process needed toproduce the heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet, and then a specificformula of PVC mixture or blends containing PVC resin, plasticizer,inorganic heat-insulating particles or other additive undergoes acalendering process by a Calender, or undergoes a T-Die process by aT-Die machine, or undergoes a blow-molding process by a blow-moldingmachine, to obtain a product of heat-insulating transparent PVC sheethaving good transparency, low haze and an excellent effect forcutting-off infrared and ultra-violet. The heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet of the present invention mayonly depend on the demand for different properties such as excellent inlight transmittance rate or/and the infrared cutting-off rate to selecta small amount of either LaB₆ or CeB₆ alone as inorganic heat-insultingparticles or further in combination of small amount of ATO as inorganicheat-insulting particles and uniformly dispersed in a PVC mixtureprepared for producing the heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet of thepresent invention through a conventional process for making PVC sheetsbut improved without a coating process. Therefore, the process for producing a heat-insulating transparent PVCsheet according to the present invention has advantages of simpleprocedures, low production costs, fast production speed andenvironmental friendliness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention as well as a preferred mode of use, further objectives andadvantages thereof, will best be understood by reference to thefollowing detailed description of an illustrative embodiment when readin conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein: FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional enlarged view of a heat-insulatingtransparent sheet produced by a conventional dry-coating process; FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional enlarged view of a heat-insulatingtransparent sheet produced by a conventional wet-coating process; FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional enlarged view of a heat-insulatingtransparent PVC sheet made by a non-coating process for cutting-offinfrared and ultra-violet according to one preferred embodiment of thepresent invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing that the heat-insulating transparentPVC sheets are stacked for use; and FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing that the heat-insulating transparentPVC sheet is stacked with another plastic substrate for use. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT As shown in FIG. 3, a heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet 30 accordingto one preferred embodiment of the present invention is a soft,semi-hard or hard sheet of thickness of 0.02-1.0 mm and has transparencyas well as a characteristic of cutting-off infrared and ultra-violet.The disclosed heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet 30 is characterizedby: a PVC sheet 31 of thickness of 0.02-1.0 mm as a substrate andinorganic heat-insulating particles 32 uniformly dispersed in the PVCsheet 31. The process for producing the heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet 30according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention uses aspecific formula as a raw material, and a conventional process formaking PVC sheets is used directly without a coating process to producethe heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet 30 for cutting-off infraredand ultra-violet, and has advantages of simple procedures, low equipmentcosts and fast production speed. The production method of the heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet 30includes the following steps: (1) Introducing raw materials including coupling agent of 0.01-15.0 PHR,ultraviolet absorber of 0.01-5.0 PHR, dispersant of 0.01-10.0 PHR,inorganic heat-insulating particles of 0.01-15.0 PHR and plasticizers of1-45 PHR into a dispersing device, and having those added raw materialsuniformly dispersed and finally formed as a paste through high-speedshear force exerted from the dispersing device under temperature of25-70° C., (2) Sequentially introducing the paste made of step (1), PVC resin of100 PHR, plasticizer of 1-85 PHR, stabilizer of 0.1-15.0 PHR, lubricantof 0.1-15.0 PHR and colorant of 0-12.0 PHR into a mixer device foruniformly mixing as a PVC mixture. After completion of mixing, draw thePVC mixture into a Banbury mixer for refinement; (3) Controlling the PVC mixture at temperature of 150-190° C., heatingand shearing the PVC mixture in a roller machine for well-gelation, andproceeding one of the following processes: - - (i) calendering the PVC mixture by a Calender to form a heat-melting sheet of thickness of 0.05-1.0 mm, and then entering step (4) after forming; - (ii) processing the PVC mixture by a T-Die machine to form a heat-melting sheet of thickness of 0.05-1.0 mm, and then entering step (4) after forming; or - (iii) processing the PVC mixture by a blow-molding machine to form a heat-melting sheet of thickness of 0.02-0.08 mm, and then entering step (4) after forming; (4) Drawing the formed heat-melting sheet into water at temperature of10-50° C. for cooling, and then entering step (5) after dehydration; and (5) Drawing the sheet into a cooling wheel for cooling and shaping, andthen rolling up the sheet to realize the heat-insulating transparent PVCsheet 30. In the step (1), the PVC resin is selected from a PVC polymer or a PVCcopolymer made by bulk polymerization, solution polymerization,suspension polymerization or emulsion polymerization, either used solelyor in combination. Preferably, the PVC resin is made by suspensionpolymerization and has DP (Degree of polymerization) in the range of700-2000. In the step (1), the plasticizer is selected from the group consistingof a phosphate, a phthalic acid group e.g. dioctyl phthalate (DOP) ordi(isononyl) phthalate (DINP), a trimellitate, an epoxy, a polyester, achlorinated hydrocarbon and an aliphatic acid ester, either used solelyor in combination. In the step (1), the inorganic heat-insulating particles 32 withparticle diameter of 0.005-2 μm, depending on the demand for differentproperties such as transparency and haze, may be selected fromhexaborides or metal oxide. Therein, the hexaborides include lanthanum hexaboride (LaB₆), ceriumhexaboride (CeB₆), praseodymium hexaboride (PrB₆), neodymium hexaboride(NdB₆), samarium hexaboride (SmB₆), europium hexaboride (EuB₆),gadolinium hexaboride (GdB₆), terbium hexaboride (TbB₆), dysprosiumhexaboride (DyB₆), holmium hexaboride (HoB₆), erbium hexaboride (ErB₆),thulium hexaboride (TmB₆), ytterbium hexaboride (YbB₆), lutetiumhexaboride (LuB₆), strontium hexaboride (SrB₆), calcium hexaboride(CaB₆) or yttrium hexaboride (YB₆) or the mixture thereof. And, the metal oxides may be selected from the group consisting of ZnO,V₂O₅, In₂O₃, CeO₂, SnO₂, Sb₂O₃, ZnS, ATO (tin oxide antimony doped) andITO (tin oxide indium doped). The inorganic heat-insulting particles are chosen from theabove-mentioned metal oxide or hexaborides alone or the mixture of morethan one of them. In the step (1), the stabilizer may be one or more than one selectedfrom the group consisting of a Ba—Zn group, Ca—Zn group and organic Sn. In the step (1), the lubricant may be one, more than one or all selectedfrom the group consisting of a stearic acid, fatty acid, fatty acidamide, ester group, metallic crystal carbonate and organic silicongroup. In the step (1), the purpose of adding dispersant and coupling agentinto the mixer device is to make the inorganic heat-insulating particles32 uniformly dispersed in the PVC sheet 31, for achievement of thispurpose there is a critical requirement should be executed in which thedispersant and coupling agent should be uniformly dispersed in a pastethrough high-speed shear force exerted from the dispersing device undertemperature of 25-70° C. Resulted in that the inorganic heat-insulatingparticles 32 shall be no plate out from the PVC mixture duringCalendering process and the PVC sheet 31 due to having inorganicheat-insulating particles 32 uniformly dispersed inside possesses somesuperior properties including high transparency and good heat-insulatingeffect of cutting-off infrared. The coupling agent is selected from the group consisting of anorganosilane compound, an organic Zr—Al compound and an organic Ti—Alcompound. The dispersant is selected from the group consisting of a copolymerdispersant, dispersant containing silicon and dispersant containingfluorine, either used solely or in combination. The UV absorbent can be one or more than one selected from the groupconsisting of a 1-hydroxybenzotriazole and a hydroxy benzophenone. In the step (1), the colorant can be added more or less according to thedesired hue of the product, and can be an organic colorant, an inorganiccolorant or a mixture of both. While in use, the heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet 30 can not onlybe a single layer but also be stacked as shown in FIG. 4, or be stackedwith another plastic substrate 40 as shown in FIG. 5. Example of Embodiment Preferred embodiments are shown below to describe the properties of theheat-insulating transparent PVC sheet 30 produced according to theproduction method of the present invention. In addition, thedetermination of each property of the heat-insulating transparent PVCsheet 30 is following the test methods as described below. (1) Test of Visible Light Transmittance and Haze: A light transmittance and haze meter of model number TC-H□ produced byTokyo Denshoku Co., Ltd is used according to the JIS K7705 test standardto test the light transmittance and haze of the PVC sheet. When the testresult shows high visible light transmittance and low haze, the PVCsheet has a good transparency. (2) Test of Cutting-Off Rate of Infrared and Ultra-Violet: An infrared cutting-off rate tester of model number LT-3000 produced byHOYA is used according to the JIS R3106 test standard to test thecutting-off rate of infrared of the PVC sheet. When the test resultshows high infrared cutting-off rate, the PVC sheet has a goodheat-insulating effect; and when the test result shows low UVtransmittance, the PVC sheet has a good UV cutting-off effect. Example 1 The process for producing a heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet havingthickness of 0.2 mm and containing contains plasticizer of 40 PHR is asfollows: (1) introduce coupling agent of 3.2 PHR, ultraviolet absorber of 0.8PHR, dispersant of 1.57 PHR, ATO of 2.2 PHR and DINP of 15 PHR into adispersing device for uniformly dispersion as a paste through high-speedshear force exerted from the dispersing device under temperature of25-70° C.; (2) sequentially introducing the paste made of step (1), PVC resin of100 PHR, DINP of 25 PHR (plus the advanced introduction of 15 PHR, totalof 40 PHR), stabilizer of Ba—Zn group of 3 PHR, Stearic acid of 0.4 PHRand colorant 0-12.0 PHR into a mixer device for uniform mixing as a PVCmixture, and then drawing the PVC mixture into a Banbury mixer forrefinement; (3) Controlling the PVC mixture at temperature of 150-190° C., heatingand shearing the PVC mixture in a roller machine, and then calenderingthe PVC mixture by a Calender to form a heat-melting sheet of thicknessof 0.2 mm; (4) drawing the heat-melting sheet of thickness of 0.2 mm into water attemperature of 10-50° C. to cool and harden the sheet; and (5) after dehydration, drawing the sheet into a cooling wheel forcooling and shaping, and then rolling up the heat-insulating transparentPVC sheet. The test result is shown in Table 1. The heat-insulating transparent PVCsheet has thickness of 0.2 mm and contains plasticizer of 40 PHR. And,the heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet has a good transparency andwell infrared and UV cutting-off rate. In particular, no inorganicheat-insulating particles will be plated out from the PVC sheet duringthe whole producing process. Example 2 Except that the thickness is made as 0.3 mm, the formula of rawmaterials and the process for producing the heat-insulating transparentPVC sheet is the same as that in the example 1. The test result is shown in Table 1. The heat-insulating transparent PVCsheet of thickness of 0.3 mm has a good transparency and well infraredand UV cutting-off rate. In particular, no inorganic heat-insulatingparticles will be plated out from the PVC sheet during the wholeproducing process. Example 3 Except adoption of blow-molding process for producing theheat-insulating transparent PVC sheet of thickness of 0.02 mm andsoftness of 40 PHR, and the specific formula of raw materials as inTable 1, the other producing process is the same as that in the example1. The test result is shown in Table 1. The heat-insulating transparent PVCsheet has a good transparency and well infrared and UV cutting-off rate.In particular, no inorganic heat-insulating particles will be plated outfrom the PVC sheet during the whole producing process. Example 4 Except that the thickness is made as 1.0 mm, the formula of rawmaterials and the process for producing the heat-insulating transparentPVC sheet is the same as that in the example 1. The test result is shown in Table 1. The heat-insulating transparent PVCsheet of thickness of 1.0 mm has a good transparency and well infraredand UV cutting-off rate. In particular, no inorganic heat-insulatingparticles will be plated out from the PVC sheet during the wholeproducing process. Example 5 Except adoption of T-Die process for producing the heat-insulatingtransparent PVC sheet having thickness of 0.2 mm and containingplasticizer of 40 PHR, and the specific formula of raw materials as inTable 1, the other producing process is the same as that in the example1. The test result is shown in Table 1. The heat-insulating transparent PVCsheet has a good transparency and well infrared and UV cutting-off rate.In particular, no inorganic heat-insulating particles will be plated outfrom the PVC sheet during the whole producing process. Example 6 Except that the thickness is made as 0.3 mm, the formula of rawmaterials and the process for producing the heat-insulating transparentPVC sheet is the same as that in the example 5. The test result is shown in Table 1. The heat-insulating transparent PVCsheet of thickness of 0.3 mm has a good transparency and well infraredand UV cutting-off rate. In particular, no inorganic heat-insulatingparticles will be plated out from the PVC sheet during the wholeproducing process. Example 7 According to the specific formula as in Table 1, a heat-insulatingtransparent PVC sheet having thickness of 0.2 mm and containingplasticizer of 40 PHR is produced according to the production method inthe example 1. The test result is shown in Table 1. The heat-insulating transparent PVCsheet has a good transparency and well infrared and UV cutting-off rate.In particular, no inorganic heat-insulating particles will be plated outfrom the PVC sheet during the whole producing process. Example 8 Except that the thickness is made as 0.3 mm, the formula of rawmaterials and the process for producing the heat-insulating transparentPVC sheet is the same as that in the example 7. The test result is shown in Table 1. The heat-insulating transparent PVCsheet of thickness of 0.3 mm has a good transparency and well infraredand UV cutting-off rate. In particular, no inorganic heat-insulatingparticles will be plated out from the PVC sheet during the wholeproducing process. Example 9 Except the formula of raw material contains coupling agent of 0.81 PHRand dispersant of 0.17 PHR and takes LaB₆ of 0.25 PHR as inorganicheat-insulating particles to replace ATO used in Example 1, and thespecific formula of raw materials as in Table 1, the other producingprocess is the same as that in the example 1. The test result is shown in Table 1. The heat-insulating transparent PVCsheet of this exemplary embodiment has the light transmittance rate upto 72% better than that of the same thickness of 0.2 mm ofheat-insulating transparent PVC sheet shown in Examples 1, 5 and 7 whichformula of raw material takes ATO as inorganic heat-insulatingparticles, and also has the haze rate lowered to 1.7% which shows theheat-insulating transparent PVC sheet of this exemplary embodiment hashigh visible light transmittance and low haze and has a goodtransparency. Further, the heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet of this exemplaryembodiment has the infrared cutting-off rate of 67% and the UVcutting-off rate of 99%, wherein the infrared cutting-off rate is closeto that of the same thickness of 0.2 mm of heat-insulating transparentPVC sheet containing ATO of 6 PHR shown in Examples 5. The test result shows no inorganic heat-insulating particles will beplated out from the heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet of thisexemplary embodiment during the whole producing process. In comparison with Example 5, the results also showed that theheat-insulating transparent PVC sheet of this exemplary embodiment onlycontaining a small amount of LaB₆ still has good light transmittance andeven possesses the infrared cutting-off rate of 67% close to that of thesame thickness of heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet containing highvolume of ATO shown in Examples 5. Example 10 Except the formula of raw material contains coupling agent of 0.81 PHRand dispersant of 0.17 PHR and takes CeB₆ of 0.25 PHR as inorganicheat-insulating particles to replace ATO used in Example 1, and thespecific formula of raw materials as in Table 1, the other producingprocess is the same as that in the example 1. The test result is shown in Table 1. The heat-insulating transparent PVCsheet of this exemplary embodiment has the light transmittance rate upto 70% and the haze rate lowered to 2.0% which shows the heat-insulatingtransparent PVC sheet of this exemplary embodiment has high visiblelight transmittance and low haze and has a good transparency. In comparison with Example 3, the results also showed that theheat-insulating transparent PVC sheet of this exemplary embodiment hasthe light transmittance rate of 70% inferior to that of theheat-insulating transparent PVC sheet shown in Example 3, but thethickness of the heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet of this exemplaryembodiment is 0.2 mm which thickness is ten times to only 0.02 mmthickness of the heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet shown in Example3. The heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet of this exemplary embodimenthas the infrared cutting-off rate of 64% and the UV cutting-off rate of99%, wherein the infrared cutting-off rate is close to that of the samethickness of 0.2 mm of heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet containingLaB₆ of 0.25 PHR shown in Examples 9, but inferior to that of theheat-insulating transparent PVC sheet containing ATO shown in Examples 5and 7. The test result shows no inorganic heat-insulating particles will beplated out from the heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet of thisexemplary embodiment during the whole producing process. The results also showed that the heat-insulating transparent PVC sheetof this exemplary embodiment only containing a small amount of CeB₆still has good light transmittance and even possesses the infraredcutting-off rate of 64%. Example 11 Except the formula of raw material contains coupling agent of 6.97 PHRand dispersant of 0.95 PHR and takes in combination of ATO of 1.8 PHRand LaB₆ of 0.25 PHR as inorganic heat-insulating particles to replaceATO only used in Example 1, and the specific formula of raw materials asin Table 1, the other producing process is the same as that in theexample 1. The test result is shown in Table 1. The heat-insulating transparent PVCsheet of this exemplary embodiment has the light transmittance rate upto 69% same as that of the same thickness of 0.2 mm of heat-insulatingtransparent PVC sheet shown in Examples 1, better than that of the samethickness of 0.2 mm of heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet shown inExamples 5 and 7 which formula of raw material takes ATO as inorganicheat-insulating particles, and close to that of the same thickness of0.2 mm of heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet shown in Examples 9 and10 which formula of raw material takes a small amount of LaB₆ and CeB₆as inorganic heat-insulating particles. The heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet of this exemplary embodimentalso has the haze rate lowered to 2.6% which shows the heat-insulatingtransparent PVC sheet of this exemplary embodiment has high visiblelight transmittance and low haze and has a good transparency. Further, the heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet of this exemplaryembodiment has the infrared cutting-off rate of 91% and the UVcutting-off rate of 99%, wherein the infrared cutting-off rate is betterthan that of the same thickness of 0.2 mm of heat-insulating transparentPVC sheet containing ATO shown in Examples 1 and 5, close to that of thesame thickness of 0.2 mm of heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet shownin Example 7, and superior to that of the same thickness of 0.2 mm ofheat-insulating transparent PVC sheet shown in Examples 9 and 10 whichformula of raw material takes a small amount of LaB₆ and CeB₆ asinorganic heat-insulating particles. The test result shows no inorganic heat-insulating particles will beplated out from the heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet of thisexemplary embodiment during the whole producing process. The results also showed that the heat-insulating transparent PVC sheetof this exemplary embodiment, if contains a small amount of ATO and CeB₆as inorganic heat-insulating particles, shall effectively improve theproperties of the light transmittance rate and the infrared cutting-offrate more excellently. Comparative Example 1 Except that the raw materials of the heat-insulating transparent PVCsheet do not include the inorganic heat-insulating particles, thecoupling agent and the dispersant, the production method is the same asthat in the example 1. The test result is shown in Table 1. The raw materials of theheat-insulating transparent PVC sheet of thickness of 0.2 mm do notcontain the inorganic heat-insulating particles and thus the infraredcutting-off rate is worse than those in the examples 1, 5, 7, 9, 10 and11. Comparative Example 2 Except that the raw materials of the heat-insulating transparent PVCsheet do not include the coupling agent and the dispersant, theproduction method is the same as that in the example 1. The test result is shown in Table 1. The raw materials of theheat-insulating transparent PVC sheet of thickness of 0.2 mm do notcontain the coupling agent and the dispersant and thus the infrared andUV cutting-off rates are worse than those in the examples 11, 5, 7, 9,10 and 11. In addition, the inorganic heat-insulating particle of ATO is plated outduring the process and affects the production process and quality of thetransparent PVC sheet. Comparative Example 3 A colorless transparent glass of size of 100 mm100 mm0.3 mm is used ascomparison to measure the light transmittance, haze, infrared and UVcutting-off rates. The test result is shown in Table 1. The infrared and UV cutting-offrates of the colorless transparent glass is worse than those in theexamples 2, 4, 6 and 8. Result 1. From Examples 1 to 11 mentioned above, no inorganic heat-insulatingparticles will be plated out from the PVC sheet during the wholeproducing process, so that the heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet ofthickness of 0.02 mm-0.3 mm has a good transparency and well infraredand UV cutting-off rate. 2. From Examples 9, 10 and 11 mentioned above, the heat-insulatingtransparent PVC sheet of the present invention may only depend on thedemand for different properties such as excellent in light transmittancerate or/and the infrared cutting-off rate to select a small amount ofeither LaB₆ or CeB₆ alone as inorganic heat-insulting particles orfurther in combination of small amount of ATO as inorganicheat-insulting particles and uniformly dispersed in a paste prepared forproducing the heat-insulating transparent PVC sheet of the presentinvention through a conventional process for making PVC sheets butimproved without a coating process. TABLE 1 Example NAME 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Formula Substrate PVC 100 100 100100 100 100 100 100 glass — — — — — — — — Plasticizer DINP 40 40 40 4040 40 40 40 Inorganic ATO 2.2 2.2 0.3 2.2 6.0 6.0 15 15 Heat-insulatingLaB₆ — — — — — — — — particles CeB₆ — — — — — — — — Stabilizer Ba—Zn 3 33 3 3 3 3 3 group Lubricant Stearic 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 acidAdditive Coupling 3.2 3.2 0.44 3.2 5.73 5.73 7.18 7.18 agent Dispersant1.57 1.57 0.21 1.57 2.19 2.19 6.2 6.2 UV 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8absorbent Properties Substrate thickness (mm) 0.2 0.3 0.02 1.0 0.2 0.30.2 0.3 Light transmittance (%) 69 58 85 49 40 26 19 17 Haze (%) 2.2 2.51.2 3.1 8.7 10.3 10.4 12.7 Infrared cutting-off rate 43 61 14 70 73 8792 95 (%) UV cutting-off rate (%) 99 99 98 99 99 99 99 99 Inorganicheat-insulating no no no no no no no no particles is plated out or notExample Comparative Example NAME 9 10 11 1 2 3 Formula Substrate PVC 100100 100 100 100 — glass — — — — — Colorless transparent glassPlasticizer DINP 40 40 40 40 40 — Inorganic ATO — — 1.8 — 2.2 —Heat-insulating LaB₆ 0.25 — 0.25 — — — particles CeB₆ — 0.25 — — — —Stabilizer Ba—Zn 3 3 3 3 3 — group Lubricant Stearic 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4— acid Additive Coupling 0.81 0.81 6.97 — — — agent Dispersant 0.17 0.170.95 — — — UV 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 — absorbent Properties Substratethickness (mm) 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 Light transmittance (%) 72 70 6986 50 93 Haze (%) 1.7 2.0 2.6 1.4 12.0 0.6 Infrared cutting-off rate 6764 91 8 29 22 (%) UV cutting-off rate (%) 99 99 99 98 98 27 Inorganicheat-insulating no no no no yes — particles is plated out or notIngredient unit: PHR (per hundred unit weight of resin) 1.
github_open_source_100_8_20239	Github OpenSource	Various open source	/** * The class contains semantic type detectors. * Detectors are functions tagged with `DG.FUNC_TYPES.SEM_TYPE_DETECTOR`. * See also: https://datagrok.ai/help/develop/how-to/define-semantic-type-detectors * The class name is comprised of <PackageName> and the `PackageDetectors` suffix. * Follow this naming convention to ensure that your detectors are properly loaded. */ class DemoPackageDetectors extends DG.Package { }
github_open_source_100_8_20240	Github OpenSource	Various open source	@extends('ui.layouts.contentLayoutMaster') {{-- page title --}} @section('title','Syntax Highlighter') {{-- vendor styles --}} @section('vendor-styles') <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="{{asset('vendors/css/ui/prism.min.css')}}"> @endsection @section('content') <!-- Basic Usage --> <section id="basic-usage" class="row"> <div class=" col-12"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-header"> <h4 class="card-title">Basic Usage</h4> </div> <div class="card-content"> <div class="card-body"> <p>First You will need to include the prism.css and prism.js files.</p> <p>Prism does its best to encourage good authoring practices. Therefore, it only works with <code><code></code>elements, since marking up code without a <code><code> </code>element is semantically invalid. To make things easier however, Prism assumes that this language definition is inherited. Therefore, if multiple <code><code> </code>elements have the same language, you can add the <code>language-xxxx</code>class on one of their common ancestors. This way, you can also define a document-wide default language, by adding a <code>language-xxxx</code>class on the <code><body> </code>or <code><html></code>element. </p> <p>If you want to opt-out of highlighting for a <code><code></code>element that is a descendant of an element with a declared code language, you can add the class <code>language-none</code>to it (or any non-existing language, really).</p> <p>Code:</p> <pre><code class="language-html"><pre> <code class="language-css"> p { color: red } </code> </pre> </code></pre> <p>Output</p> <pre><code class="language-css">p { color: red } </code></pre> <p>If you use that pattern, the <code><pre> </code>will automatically get the <code>language-xxxx</code>class (if it doesn't already have it) and will be styled as a code block.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <!--/ Basic Usage --> <!-- Examples --> <section id="examples" class="row"> <div class=" col-12"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-header"> <h4 class="card-title">Examples</h4> </div> <div class="card-content"> <div class="card-body"> <h5 class="card-title">HTML Markup</h5> <p>Use the following code to use HTML syntax highlighter.</p> <p class="text-bold-800">Usage:</p> <pre><code class="language-html"> <pre> <code class="language-html"> HTML CODE ... </code> </pre> </code></pre> <p class="text-bold-800">Example:</p> <pre><code class="language-html"> <div class="card"> <img class="card-img-top" src="..." alt="Card image cap"> <div class="card-body"> <h4 class="card-title"> Card title</h4> <p class="card-text"> Some quick example text to build on the card title and make up the bulk of the card's content.</p> </div> <ul class="list-group list-group-flush"> <li class="list-group-item"> Cras justo odio</li> <li class="list-group-item"> Dapibus ac facilisis in</li> <li class="list-group-item"> Vestibulum at eros</li> </ul> <div class="card-body"> <a href="#" class="card-link"> Card link</a> <a href="#" class="card-link"> Another link</a> </div> </div> </code></pre> </div> <div class="card-body"> <h5 class="card-title">CSS Markup</h5> <p>Use the following code to use HTML syntax highlighter.</p> <p class="text-bold-800">Usage:</p> <pre><code class="language-html"> <pre> <code class="language-css"> CSS CODE ... </code> </pre> </code></pre> <p class="text-bold-800">Example:</p> <pre><code class="language-css"> a:active { outline: 0; } a:hover { outline: 0; } abbr[title] { border-bottom: 1px dotted; } b, strong { font-weight: bold; } dfn { font-style: italic; } h1 { font-size: 2em; margin: 0.67em 0; } </code></pre> </div> <div class="card-body"> <h5 class="card-title">JS Markup</h5> <p>Use the following code to use HTML syntax highlighter.</p> <p class="text-bold-800">Usage:</p> <pre><code class="language-html"> <pre> <code class="language-js"> HTML CODE ... </code> </pre> </code></pre> <p class="text-bold-800">Example:</p> <pre><code class="language-js"> init: function() { var scroll_theme=($('.main-menu').hasClass('menu-dark')) ? 'light': 'dark'; this.obj=$(".main-menu-content").perfectScrollbar( { suppressScrollX: true, theme: scroll_theme } ); } , update: function() { if (this.obj) { $(".main-menu-content").perfectScrollbar('update'); } } , enable: function() { this.init(); } , </code></pre> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <!--/ Examples --> <!-- Line Numbers --> <section id="line-numbers" class="row"> <div class=" col-12"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-header"> <h4 class="card-title">Line Numbers</h4> </div> <div class="card-content"> <div class="card-body"> <p>Line number at the beginning of code lines.</p> <p>Obviously, this is supposed to work only for code blocks (<code><pre> <code> </code>) and not for inline code. Add class line-numbers to your desired <code><pre> </code> and line-numbers plugin will take care.</p> <p>Optional: You can specify the data-start (Number) attribute on the <code><pre> </code> element. It will shift the line counter.</p> <p class="text-bold-800">Usage:</p> <pre><code class="language-html"> <pre class="line-numbers"> <code class="language-css"> p { color: red } </code> </pre> </code></pre> <p class="text-bold-800">Example:</p> <pre class="line-numbers"><code class="language-js"> (function() { if (typeof self==='undefined' \|\| !self.Prism \|\| !self.document) { return; } } ()); </code></pre> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <!--/ Line Numbers --> <!-- Line highlight --> <section id="line-highlight" class="row"> <div class=" col-12"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-header"> <h4 class="card-title">Line highlight</h4> </div> <div class="card-content"> <div class="card-body"> <p>Highlights specific lines and/or line ranges.</p> <p>You specify the lines to be highlighted through the <em>data-line</em> attribute on the <code><pre> </code> element, in the following simple format:</p> <ul> <li>A single number refers to the line with that number</li> <li>Ranges are denoted by two numbers, separated with a hyphen (-)</li> <li>Multiple line numbers or ranges are separated by commas.</li> <li>Whitespace is allowed anywhere and will be stripped off.</li> </ul> <p class="text-bold-800">Usage:</p> <pre><code class="language-html"> <pre data-line="2, 4, 8-10"> <code class="language-css"> p { color: red } </code> </pre> </code></pre> <p class="text-bold-800">Example:</p> <pre data-line="2, 4, 7-9"><code class="language-css"> pre.line-numbers { position: relative; padding-left: 3.8em; counter-reset: linenumber; } pre.line-numbers > code { position: relative; } .line-numbers .line-numbers-rows { position: absolute; pointer-events: none; top: 0; font-size: 100%; left: -3.8em; width: 3em; /* works for line-numbers below 1000 lines */ letter-spacing: -1px; border-right: 1px solid #999; -webkit-user-select: none; -moz-user-select: none; -ms-user-select: none; user-select: none; } </code></pre> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <!--/ Line highlight --> <!-- Autolinker --> <section id="autolinker" class="row"> <div class=" col-12"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-header"> <h4 class="card-title">Autolinker</h4> </div> <div class="card-content"> <div class="card-body"> <p>Converts URLs and emails in code to clickable links. <a href="#">Parses Markdown</a> links in comments.</p> <p>URLs and emails will be linked automatically, you don’t need to do anything. To link some text inside a comment to a certain URL, you may use the Markdown syntax:</p> <p class="text-bold-800">Usage:</p> <pre><code class="language-html"> <pre> <code class="language-css"> @font-face { src: url(http://lea.verou.me/logo.otf); } </code> </pre> </code></pre> <p class="text-bold-800">Example:</p> <pre><code class="language-js"> @font-face { src: url(http://lea.verou.me/logo.otf); font-family: 'LeaVerou'; } </code></pre> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <!--/ Autolinker --> <!-- Show Invisibles --> <section id="show-invisibles" class="row"> <div class=" col-12"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-header"> <h4 class="card-title">Show Invisibles</h4> </div> <div class="card-content"> <div class="card-body"> <p>Show hidden characters such as tabs and line breaks.</p> <p class="text-bold-800">Example:</p> <pre><code class="language-js"> (function() { if ( typeof self !=='undefined' && !self.Prism \|\| typeof global !=='undefined' && !global.Prism) { return; } Prism.hooks.add('before-highlight', function(env) { var tokens=env.grammar; tokens.tab=/\t/g; tokens.crlf=/\r\n/g; tokens.lf=/\n/g; tokens.cr=/\r/g; tokens.space=/ /g; } ); } )(); </code></pre> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <!--/ Show Invisibles --> <!-- File Highlight --> <section id="file-highlight" class="row"> <div class=" col-12"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-header"> <h4 class="card-title">File Highlight</h4> </div> <div class="card-content"> <div class="card-body"> <p>Fetch external files and highlight them with Prism. Used on the Prism website itself.</p> <p>Use the <em>data-src</em> attribute on empty <code><pre> </code> elements, like so:</p> <p class="text-bold-800">Usage:</p> <pre><code class="language-html"> <pre data-src="myfile.js"> </pre> </code></pre> <p>You don’t need to specify the language, it’s automatically determined by the file extension. If, however, the language cannot be determined from the file extension or the file extension is incorrect, you may specify a language as well (with the usual class name way).</p> <p>Please note that the files are fetched with XMLHttpRequest. This means that if the file is on a different origin, fetching it will fail, unless CORS is enabled on that website.</p> <p class="text-bold-800">Example:</p> <pre data-src="{{asset('js/scripts/components.js')}}"></pre> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <!--/ File Highlight --> @endsection @section('vendor-scripts') <script src="{{asset('vendors/js/ui/prism.min.js')}}"></script> @endsection
github_open_source_100_8_20241	Github OpenSource	Various open source	using UnityEngine; namespace Assets.Scripts.Utils { public static class MathUtils { public static float ClampAngle(float angle, float min, float max) { if (min < 0 && max > 0 && (angle > max \|\| angle < min)) { angle -= 360; if (angle > max \|\| angle < min) return Mathf.Abs(Mathf.DeltaAngle(angle, min)) < Mathf.Abs(Mathf.DeltaAngle(angle, max)) ? min : max; } else if (min > 0 && (angle > max \|\| angle < min)) { angle += 360; if (angle > max \|\| angle < min) return Mathf.Abs(Mathf.DeltaAngle(angle, min)) < Mathf.Abs(Mathf.DeltaAngle(angle, max)) ? min : max; } if (angle < min) return min; if (angle > max) return max; return angle; } } }
github_open_source_100_8_20242	Github OpenSource	Various open source	package tutorhelper.model; import java.util.function.Predicate; import javafx.collections.ObservableList; import tutorhelper.model.student.Student; /** * The API of the Model component. / public interface Model { /* {@code Predicate} that always evaluate to true / Predicate<Student> PREDICATE_SHOW_ALL_STUDENTS = unused -> true; /* Clears existing backing model and replaces with the provided new data. / void resetData(ReadOnlyTutorHelper newData); /* Returns the TutorHelper / ReadOnlyTutorHelper getTutorHelper(); /* * Returns true if a student with the same identity as {@code student} exists in the TutorHelper. / boolean hasStudent(Student student); /* * Deletes the given student. * The student must exist in the TutorHelper. / void deleteStudent(Student target); /* * Adds the given student. * {@code student} must not already exist in the TutorHelper. / void addStudent(Student student); /* * Replaces the given student {@code target} with {@code editedStudent}. * {@code target} must exist in the TutorHelper. * The student identity of {@code editedStudent} must not be the same as * another existing student in the TutorHelper. / void updateStudent(Student target, Student editedStudent); /* * Replaces the given student {@code target} with {@code editedStudent}. * {@code target} must exist in the TutorHelper. * The student identity of {@code editedStudent} must not be the same as * another existing student in the TutorHelper. This is used to update an * internal field of student. / void updateStudentInternalField(Student target, Student editedStudent); /* * Sorts the list by day. / void sortByDay(); /* * Sorts the list by time. / void sortByTime(); /* Returns an unmodifiable view of the filtered student list / ObservableList<Student> getFilteredStudentList(); /* * Updates the filter of the filtered student list to filter by the given {@code predicate}. * @throws NullPointerException if {@code predicate} is null. / void updateFilteredStudentList(Predicate<Student> predicate); /* * Returns true if the model has previous TutorHelper states to restore. / boolean canUndoTutorHelper(); /* * Returns true if the model has undone TutorHelper states to restore. / boolean canRedoTutorHelper(); /* * Restores the model's TutorHelper to its previous state. / void undoTutorHelper(); /* * Restores the model's TutorHelper to its previously undone state. / void redoTutorHelper(); /* * Saves the current TutorHelper state for undo/redo. */ void commitTutorHelper(); }
10173602_1	Wikipedia	CC-By-SA	Dieser Artikel zeigt die Ergebnisse der Qualifikationsrunden für die Western & Southern Open 2012. Für das Turnier der Kategorie ATP World Tour Masters 1000 qualifizierten sich sieben Spieler, welche in zwei Runden ausgemacht wurden. Insgesamt nahmen 28 Spieler an der Qualifikation teil, die vom 15. bis 17. Januar 2012 stattfand. Setzliste Ergebnisse Weblinks Offizielle Homepage des Turniers Turnier der ATP World Tour 2012 Tennisturnier in Mason (Ohio).
github_open_source_100_8_20243	Github OpenSource	Various open source	using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Diagnostics; using Socket.Quobject.Collections.Immutable; using Socket.Quobject.EngineIoClientDotNet.Modules; using Socket.Quobject.EngineIoClientDotNet.Parser; using Socket.WebSocket4Net.Default; using Socket.WebSocket4Net.SuperSocket.ClientEngine; using DataReceivedEventArgs = Socket.WebSocket4Net.Default.DataReceivedEventArgs; namespace Socket.Quobject.EngineIoClientDotNet.Client.Transports { public class WebSocket : Transport { public static readonly string NAME = "websocket"; private WebSocket4Net.Default.WebSocket ws; private List<KeyValuePair<string, string>> Cookies; private List<KeyValuePair<string, string>> MyExtraHeaders; public WebSocket(Transport.Options opts) : base(opts) { this.Name = WebSocket.NAME; this.Cookies = new List<KeyValuePair<string, string>>(); foreach (KeyValuePair<string, string> cookie in opts.Cookies) this.Cookies.Add(new KeyValuePair<string, string>(cookie.Key, cookie.Value)); this.MyExtraHeaders = new List<KeyValuePair<string, string>>(); foreach (KeyValuePair<string, string> extraHeader in opts.ExtraHeaders) this.MyExtraHeaders.Add(new KeyValuePair<string, string>(extraHeader.Key, extraHeader.Value)); } protected override void DoOpen() { LogManager.GetLogger(Global.CallerName("", 0, "")).Info("DoOpen uri =" + this.Uri()); this.ws = new WebSocket4Net.Default.WebSocket(this.Uri(), "", this.Cookies, this.MyExtraHeaders, "", "", WebSocketVersion.None); this.ws.EnableAutoSendPing = false; this.ws.Opened += new EventHandler(this.ws_Opened); this.ws.Closed += new EventHandler(this.ws_Closed); this.ws.MessageReceived += new EventHandler<MessageReceivedEventArgs>(this.ws_MessageReceived); this.ws.DataReceived += new EventHandler<DataReceivedEventArgs>(this.ws_DataReceived); this.ws.Error += new EventHandler<ErrorEventArgs>(this.ws_Error); this.ws.Open(); } private void ws_DataReceived(object sender, DataReceivedEventArgs e) { LogManager.GetLogger(Global.CallerName("", 0, "")).Info("ws_DataReceived " + (object) e.Data); this.OnData(e.Data); } private void ws_Opened(object sender, EventArgs e) { LogManager.GetLogger(Global.CallerName("", 0, "")).Info("ws_Opened " + this.ws.SupportBinary.ToString()); this.OnOpen(); } private void ws_Closed(object sender, EventArgs e) { LogManager.GetLogger(Global.CallerName("", 0, "")).Info(nameof(ws_Closed)); this.ws.Opened -= new EventHandler(this.ws_Opened); this.ws.Closed -= new EventHandler(this.ws_Closed); this.ws.MessageReceived -= new EventHandler<MessageReceivedEventArgs>(this.ws_MessageReceived); this.ws.DataReceived -= new EventHandler<DataReceivedEventArgs>(this.ws_DataReceived); this.ws.Error -= new EventHandler<ErrorEventArgs>(this.ws_Error); this.OnClose(); } private void ws_MessageReceived(object sender, MessageReceivedEventArgs e) { LogManager.GetLogger(Global.CallerName("", 0, "")).Info("ws_MessageReceived e.Message= " + e.Message); this.OnData(e.Message); } private void ws_Error(object sender, ErrorEventArgs e) { this.OnError("websocket error", e.Exception); } protected override void Write(ImmutableList<Packet> packets) { this.Writable = false; foreach (Packet packet in packets) Quobject.EngineIoClientDotNet.Parser.Parser2.EncodePacket(packet, (IEncodeCallback) new WebSocket.WriteEncodeCallback(this)); this.Writable = true; this.Emit(Transport.EVENT_DRAIN); } protected override void DoClose() { if (this.ws == null) return; try { this.ws.Close(); } catch (Exception ex) { LogManager.GetLogger(Global.CallerName("", 0, "")).Info("DoClose ws.Close() Exception= " + ex.Message); } } public string Uri() { Dictionary<string, string> dictionary = this.Query == null ? new Dictionary<string, string>() : new Dictionary<string, string>((IDictionary<string, string>) this.Query); string str1 = this.Secure ? "wss" : "ws"; string str2 = ""; if (this.TimestampRequests) dictionary.Add(this.TimestampParam, DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString() + "-" + (object) Transport.Timestamps++); string str3 = ParseQS.Encode(dictionary); if (this.Port > 0 && ("wss" == str1 && this.Port != 443 \|\| "ws" == str1 && this.Port != 80)) str2 = ":" + (object) this.Port; if (str3.Length > 0) str3 = "?" + str3; return str1 + "://" + this.Hostname + str2 + this.Path + str3; } public class WriteEncodeCallback : IEncodeCallback { private WebSocket webSocket; public WriteEncodeCallback(WebSocket webSocket) { this.webSocket = webSocket; } public void Call(object data) { if (data is string) { this.webSocket.ws.Send((string) data); } else { if (!(data is byte[])) return; byte[] data1 = (byte[]) data; this.webSocket.ws.Send(data1, 0, data1.Length); } } } } }
US-42111406-A_2	USPTO	Public Domain	42. A machine-readable medium comprising instructions, which when implemented by one or more processors perform the following operations: receiving, from a first user, publication data to be published and first location data identifying a first storage location at which a first image to be associated with the publication data is stored; retrieving the first image to be associated with the publication data from the first storage location identified by the first location data; generating a first reduced-size image using the first image; and aggregating the first reduced-size image with a second reduced-size image for presentation at a remote site, the second reduced-size image being generated using a second image retrievable from a second storage location identified by second location data received from a second user. 43. A machine-readable medium comprising instructions, which when implemented by one or more server processors perform the following operations: harvesting user-specified images to be associated with publication data from a plurality of sites based upon user-supplied information, the user-supplied information identifying locations from which the user-specified images are retrievable; creating reduced-size images corresponding to the harvested user-specified images; and aggregating the reduced-size images for presentation at a remote site. 44. A method comprising: receiving first publication data from a first computer over a network, the first publication data including a first image location; receiving second publication data from a second computer over the network, the second publication data including a second image location; carrying out a harvesting process comprising: retrieving a first image from the first image location; manipulating the first image to produce a first reduced-size image; retrieving a second image from the second image location; and manipulating the second image to produce a second reduced-size image; and creating a customized web page including the first and second reduced-size images. 45. A method comprising: harvesting user-specified images to be associated with publication data from a plurality of sites based upon user-supplied information, the user-supplied information identifying locations from which the user-specified images are retrievable, the locations indicating a site of a first image specified by a first user and a site of a second image specified by a second user; creating reduced-size images corresponding to the harvested user-specified images; and aggregating the reduced-size images for presentation at a remote site. 46. A system comprising: a harvesting process to harvest user-specified images to be associated with publication data from a plurality of sites based upon user-supplied information, the user-supplied information identifying locations from which the user-specified images are retrievable, the locations indicating a site of a first image specified by a first user and a site of a second image specified by a second user, and to create reduced-size images corresponding to the harvested user-specified images; and an aggregation process the reduced-size images for aggregated presentation at a remote site. 47. A system comprising: harvesting means for harvesting user-specified images to be associated with publication data from a plurality of sites based upon user-supplied information, the user-supplied information identifying locations from which the user-specified images are retrievable, the locations indicating a site of a first image specified by a first user and a site of a second image specified by a second user, and for creating reduced-size images corresponding to the harvested user-specified images; and aggregation means for aggregating the reduced-size images for presentation at a remote site. 48. A machine-readable medium comprising instructions, which when implemented by one or more processors perform the following operations: harvesting user-specified images to be associated with publication data from a plurality of sites based upon user-supplied information, the user-supplied information identifying locations from which the user-specified images are retrievable, the locations indicating a site of a first image specified by a first user and a site of a second image specified by a second user; creating reduced-size images corresponding to the harvested user-specified images; and aggregating the reduced-size images for presentation at a remote site..
767799_1	Wikipedia	CC-By-SA	Fever er det tredje studioalbumet til det walisiske bandet Bullet for My Valentine (BFMV). Albumet har 11 spor og blir utgitt 26. april 2010 i Storbritannia og 27. april 2010 i USA. 30. april begynner BFMV en turne i USA tilknyttet det nye albumet. Sporliste Mottakelse Etter utgivelsen har albumet stort sett fått gode kritikker. Basert på 9 anmeldelser har «Fever» fått en gjennomsnittlig poengsum på 65 (av 100) ved Metacritic. Musikknettstedet Allmusic ga albumet 3.5 stjerner (av 5) og uttalte: «Fever» mottok også positiv omtale fra den britiske musikkmagasinet og ble belønnet med fire av fem stjerner, og Rock Sound gav albumet score 8/10 og uttalte: Singler Personell Bullet For My Valentine Matthew Tuck – ledende vokalist, rytmegitarist Michael Thomas – trommer Jason James – bass, backupvokalist Michael Paget – sologitarist, backupvokalist Produksjon Chris Lord-Alge – mixing Don Gilmore – produsent Referanser Eksterne lenker Musikkalbum fra 2010 Heavy metal-album.
00156970-2024_1	TEDEUTenders	Various open data	PG_230606 Lieferung, Verlegung und Montage eines 110 kV-Kabels einschl. Garnituren in Göttingen Lieferung, Verlegung und Montage eines 110 kV-Kabels einschl. Garnituren in Göttingen Umfang der Arbeiten ist der Neubau eines 110 kV-Kabels auf einer Trassenlänge von ca. 3,4 km vom UW Godehardstraße zum UW Leinestraße. Das 110 kV-Kabel wird in einer bauseits gestellten Leerohranlage (3 x PE 100-RC Rohr, SDR 17, d 160 x 9,5mm) eingezogen. Die Montagegruben werden nach Angaben des Auftragnehmers in Bezug auf die Längen der Teilstrecken (in Abhängigkeit Crossbonding) und Machbarkeit im Verkehrsraum hergestellt. supplies 31321300 Göttingen 37079 DE91C DEU LOT-0001 false no-eu-funds price Der Preis ist nicht das einzige Zuschlagskriterium; alle Kriterien sind nur in den Beschaffungsunterlagen aufgeführt ORG-0001 ORG-0001 ORG-0003 ORG-0003 false false 344567-2023 false buyer-categories none none PG_230606 Lieferung, Verlegung und Montage eines 110 kV-Kabels einschl. Garnituren in Göttingen Lieferung, Verlegung und Montage eines 110 kV-Kabels einschl. Garnituren in Göttingen Umfang der Arbeiten ist der Neubau eines 110 kV-Kabels auf einer Trassenlänge von ca. 3,4 km vom UW Godehardstraße zum UW Leinestraße. Das 110 kV-Kabel wird in einer bauseits gestellten Leerohranlage (3 x PE 100-RC Rohr, SDR 17, d 160 x 9,5mm) eingezogen. Die Montagegruben werden nach Angaben des Auftragnehmers in Bezug auf die Längen der Teilstrecken (in Abhängigkeit Crossbonding) und Machbarkeit im Verkehrsraum hergestellt. supplies none 31321300 Göttingen 37079 DE91C DEU.
US-30165708-F_1	USPTO	Public Domain	Actuator FIG. 1 is a top perspective view of an actuator showing my new design; FIG. 2 is a bottom perspective view thereof; FIG. 3 is a side elevational view of the actuator thereof; FIG. 4 is an opposite side elevational view thereof; FIG. 5 is a top plan view thereof; FIG. 6 is a bottom plan view thereof; FIG. 7 is a front elevational view thereof; and, FIG. 8 is a rear elevational view thereof. The ornamental design for an actuator, as shown and described..
github_open_source_100_8_20244	Github OpenSource	Various open source	<?php return [ [ 'id' => '1', 'text' => 'test comment', 'film_id' => '1', 'created_by' => '1' ], [ 'id' => '2', 'text' => 'test comment', 'actor_id' => '1', 'created_by' => '1' ], [ 'id' => '3', 'text' => 'test comment', 'rejeser_id' => '1', 'created_by' => '2' ], ];
github_open_source_100_8_20245	Github OpenSource	Various open source	import React, { Component } from "react"; import Feed from "./containers/Feed"; import MenuBar from "./components/MenuBar"; import Footer from "./components/Footer"; import axios from 'axios'; import styled from "styled-components"; export const ButtonWrapper = styled.div` padding: 0px 30px 10px; `; export function getSinglePage(page_number,m) { return new Promise(resolve => { axios.get(`https://hn.algolia.com/api/v1/search?page=${page_number}`) .then(res => { let all_data = res.data; let final_data = []; let i=m+1; for(let row of all_data.hits) { final_data.push({ id:i, created_at: row.created_at, title: row.title, url: row.url, author: row.author, points: row.points, story_text: row.story_text, num_comments: row.num_comments, objectID: row.objectID }) i++; } resolve(final_data); }); }); } class App extends Component { state = { curStories: [], pageNumber: 1, m: 0 }; async getStories(page_number) { let results = await getSinglePage(page_number,this.state.m); this.setState(prevState=>({ curStories: results, m: (prevState.m+results.length) })); } handleClick(){ this.setState(prevState=>({ pageNumber: (1+prevState.pageNumber) }) ); this.getStories(this.state.pageNumber+1) } componentDidMount() { this.getStories(this.state.pageNumber); } hideData= (id) =>{ let data_here = this.state.curStories; for(let k=0;k<data_here.length;k++) { if(data_here[k].id===id){ data_here.splice(k,1); break; } } this.setState(prevState=>({ curStories: data_here, })) }; upVote= (id)=>{ let data_here = this.state.curStories; let m=-1; for(let k=0;k<data_here.length;k++) { if(data_here[k].id===id){ m=k; break; } } data_here[m].points+=1; this.setState(prevState=>({ curStories: data_here, })) }; render() { return ( <div> <MenuBar /> <Feed items={this.state.curStories} hideData={this.hideData} upVote={this.upVote}/> <ButtonWrapper> <button onClick={this.handleClick.bind(this)} >More</button> </ButtonWrapper> <Footer/> </div> ); } } export default App;
github_open_source_100_8_20246	Github OpenSource	Various open source	#nullable enable namespace MassTransit { using System.IO; public interface MessageBody { long? Length { get; } /// <summary> /// Return the message body as a stream /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> Stream GetStream(); /// <summary> /// Return the message body as a byte array /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> byte[] GetBytes(); /// <summary> /// Return the message body as a string /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> string GetString(); } }
github_open_source_100_8_20247	Github OpenSource	Various open source	// +build noos package delay import "runtime/noos" func millisec(ms int) { if ms == 0 { return } end := noos.Uptime() + uint64(ms*1e6) te := noos.TickEvent() for noos.Uptime() < end { te.Wait() } }
github_open_source_100_8_20248	Github OpenSource	Various open source	package com.github.qky666.selenidepom.test.java.mtp.pom.nopagefactorypom; import com.codeborne.selenide.SelenideElement; import com.github.qky666.selenidepom.Required; import com.github.qky666.selenidepom.Widget; public class MainMenuWidget extends Widget { @Required public SelenideElement services() { return getSelf().$("li#servicios_menu"); } public SelenideElement servicesPopUp() { return getSelf().$("div.dropdown-servicios"); } public SelenideElement servicesPopUpQualityAssurance() { return servicesPopUp().$("a[data-principal='Aseguramiento de la calidad']"); } public MainMenuWidget(SelenideElement self) { super(self); } }
sn99021999_1889-03-07_1_7_1	US-PD-Newspapers	Public Domain	THE OMAHA DAILY BIEE : THURSDAY , MAKOH 7. 1881) ) , .SPECIAL NOTICES. OMAHA. No ndveHlHctiientfl ivlll bo taken for IliRRC columns niter lliH : ) p. in. TerniH Cash tit ndvnncc. Advertisements tinder this heart 10 cents p r tlnn for 1 lie Hr t Insertion , 7 cents for cnch sub- requcnt Inrertlon , and JLfiO ptr line per month. No advertisement taken for less tlian - " > cents the flr.st Insertion. Seven words will bo counted totlio Hues thty limit run consecutively nuil must bo paid In ADVANCE. All advrrtlf-e- jncntH mtiHt tie lundp'l la before IS-o'clock ! t >. m. , nnil under no circumstances will they be taken or discontinued by telephone , 1'nrtlos advertising In these columns And hnv- Inir their nn wer.i addressed In cnin of TIIR JlKK will please ask for n check to nnobUi them to Ret tliolr letter * , as nonu will Iw delivered except on tirc.ioiitntltm of rlieLk. All answers to advor- llxaments nhould 1m rncloKcalln envelopes. All advertisements In these column * nro pub lished In botli mornlnp nnd evening editions of TUP. llrK , th circulation of which aggregates morn than If.lMJ pMior.s dally , una gives tint ml- renders ttio tien nl. not only of tha city circu lation of Tim HKI % lint also of Council IthilM. Lincoln nnd other cttlci nud towns throughout Ihlii flection ot the , country. BRANCH OFFICES. Advertising for thoio column * will bo taken on the above condition * , at the following biisl- nesa houses , who nro m tliorlzotl agents for Tito Ilr.r. upcdiil notice * , nnd will quote the sain * rates us can be liail nt the main olllco. J 0lt Nw . Plmrmacht , Street. OUASK A iilV. : Stationers and Printers, 113 Mouth Hth Street. H. I'AHNSWORTH, Pharmacist, 5115 Cum- IUK Htrcet, W.I. IHJdlfKS, Pharmacist. C21orth Ifitli . Street. KO. W. PAH, Pharmacist, 18UO St. Mary's Avenue SITUATIONS WANTED. ANTIID! By a good baker, a good, steady job. Habits steady and industrious. Address D. Baker, Davenport post office. Davenport, la tf! >,1H "ANTIID! Situation as housekeeper by a Protestant k-cotci-rish girl of % In ft Christian widower's family ; good cook. II r. H-eK.ail'i S. 15th.'8l'-7 SITUATION wanted, by young man, as school keeper or assistant ; late graduate Kastin' lIUHlnust college. Best of references given. Address: Minn St., Heatrice, Neb. _ HM-l _ _ WANTED: Situation by German a * cutter : ft! M years' experience. Address H K, Hoe. Kilt 0 * WANTED MALE HELP. I WANT a first-class broad and clean bank. In the American and married men preferred; none but first-class need apply. W. It. Furman, York, Neb. 871 a * WANTED - Experienced housemaid, with good recommendations. Inquire. 121 N. M st. czn Mi'7 * Experienced man to sell small articles; references. Address 841, Dec. HKMit WANTED - Young men at this week; security required. Art room No. 17,! in Nintnst. Wiei-8 & Collins. 840-7 * WANTED - Good coat-maker; also, good pant and vest-maker. One that is willing to do business also. The Globe, South Omaha. SALEMEN Wanted. Live traveling salesmen; salary and expenses; no experience necessary. Address, with stamp, Palmer & Co., Winona, Minn. WANTED: A good man to travel and sell engines, boilers and general machinery; must have a practical knowledge of this business and furnish good references. Address: Brownell & Co., 1213 Loavenworth St., Omaha, Neb. WANTED: Bread baker at 33 Main St., Council Hills. WANTED: Men to travel. Must deposit $5 as guarantee for samples. Salary $100 per month. Address: 139 Glen Ave., Council Hills; Billings, la. WANTED: Reliable & energetic salesmen in Omaha and northern half of Nebraska to sell our machinery, also collectors, no capital or experience necessary. The Bigger Mfg. Co., Omaha, Neb. WANTED: Traveling Salesmen, salary and expenses. Address with stamp, Palmer & Co., Des Moines, la. WANTED: Railroad laborers for Washington territory; steady work, long job, at Albright's Labor Agency, 1120 Farnam St. WANTED: A first-class hotel. Tel. Co., 1301 Douglas. "VV ANTED A good business man to take the management of an office in New York city, one for Detroit and another for Cincinnati; must invest $1,500 per year. Address Geo. S. Cline, Wagner block, Des Moines, Iowa. C74 A 0 UNTS wanted on salary. S75 per month -CX and expenses paid , any active man or womun.to sell qnr goods by sample and llvo at liomo. Salary paid promptly nnd expenses In ndvacce. Full partfculnr.s nnd sample cabo free. Wo mean Just wnut we say. Address Standard Silverware Co , Boston , ; MosiH. WANTKD Agents for our new patent fire proof sates , l7.e 28x16x13 , weight WW Ibs. , retail price Kl. ) , others in proportion. Highest siwuid ( silver medal ) Centennial Exposition : rare chance ; permanent business. Our prices 'lowest. Wo are not In the sato pool. Exclusive territory given. Alpine Sato Co. , Cincinnati , o. \\t ANTKU A good man to go on the road ; V > must no wide awake , full of energy , glvo security for money collected and deposit JJSfor 'namplns ' , Call on ( loorgo 8. Cllno. llouin nil. 1'lr.st National bant liiillalng. Oinalnv. Neb. iif : \ OENTS vanted in mry town ana city In -CXtlit ! wc t fortho Harden Hand ( Jranado llro IlxtlnsulHhor. Apply to I' . G. Cnviulall.illO South 15th at. B79 " \\7ANTKI ) Agents In every city nnd town In V T tlio wont to > ell the Toy Calliope , the great- pRt Roller on earth ; send 20 cts for sample. F Q. Crailall. 010 South 15th St. 87i < SAMSHMM We wish few men to sell our goods by sample to the wholesale and retail trade. Largest manufacturers in our line. Enclose 2-cent stamp. Wages $5 per day. Permanent position. No postals answered. Money advanced for wages advertising, etc. Centennial Mfg Co., Cincinnati. C ). 7Q.VmlUt Oirl for general housework in family of three. 11 South 18th St., corner Loavenworth St. BXi ANTED-Housekeeper for family of "m Chiyeunt', f M : cook for small hotel, ii'i : laundress and kitchen utensils, 1 for Carroll, In.. 'J for 1'fattn month. Lots of new phices in furnished every day. MM. Hroga, : IH! } fe, iDth _ atu 7 * YOUNG girl wanted to sew on buttons. 1203 Douglas St. Cnntluld M't'g Co. 8S1 0 ANTED (Girl wanted for general housework, no washing or ironing. I'M! Parke. : St - for general housework in WANTED-tllrl small family, no lodger or boarders. WJCJ California St. H7I lli - lady clgarmakers Or girls who have worked at the trade; must be good and ready. Can board and room for family. If desired. Address B 44, office. E72 for second girl wants place in good family, apply to the president of 11, M. Childwell, 8th and Loveland: ANTI'.D Girl for general housework ; KM week ; HXri Duiiglns. b55-S * 'ANT1ID Girl for general liouuowork. 80S B ISth. b& ) or ANTKDVAt 27Tu rfncs'o'ii Ht. girl to do boUHeworItefcreuce.s required. FC4 U * / OMPKTKNT Ctrl for geucrnl housework , v/'Doao ' or Clermiui , at Bit Houtli 2titp ave , hj2 IQt WANTHD A fjlrl for general housework In a fnmlly of two. Mil N&th at. Hil-7ri " \ ) frANTrlCinrfia ! ) ; ; B neral iiouiieworK can W nut JO.M per week ut 2.100hlostii'ot ! : umall taially. KL7' WANTKD-A first-class bread and calio bn.or. Only a flut-rlnss man wanted.with reference. Apply at 1UJ ) Howard tu K1G i > ? WANTKD-Olrl for grneral hounoHorl ; In family of three ; only two cooked meals a d rS131H vlrglul.i avenue. KZ-1 ANTKD-Olrl for Kunoral Iwusowork. li- ( quire 210 N. loth. 71UO \| ADIKStomaknwori < tednilvnrtl oinent curds J.J Bt homo ; ft to tH weekly ; out lit Itfo. HeOtie- \vlckKovf UyO .A New lUven , Conn. ' tjL.. WANTKD-A competrn nlrl. 'Must" I * a coed cook nntt luunduss. 001 South 27tb _ t - foru-uerAl liouMV > ork. G'U WANTBD-Uhl N. Both at. , roriier CalUornia. _ W _ WANTllD nurntH.-Itt < ll-ll vcmen to Bull tha "Orlclnal llrinta" Combination Bliouldar lliucu C'4ir ct Ite-t money maKli nMde In the country. PatUfacllim cnarantfed. Lpply for terms niul ttrrltoi'y to Wu-teru t'or- , rt C . .St. IxmU. .Vo. uti-iut " EMPtoVNIENT DUR-AUS. D ; "bm-aiiT" ! ! * N."ICih. ' yun ) . .Vest rsllublo in cty II. li.Wl DRESSMAKING. W ANTED Lncngement. * to do dressmaking In families. Mis * SUirdy.SUl * Lcavenworlh 404m Sl'ml'it SHORTHAND AND TYPEWRITING TrAT15M'lNr.IS TiiortIi ! niT amf Typewriting V institute , new Fnxton building , Omaha. The only exclusive shr.rtb nd school In the Mate. Over ono hundred graduates In good Mtnations. The school li under tha management - ment of ( . ' . C. Vnlontlno , oniclM .stenographer of the : ird judicial district or Nebraska , nud Prof. II. II. lloylein experienced teacher ami ver batim reporter. Day and evening sessions. Stu dents can enter at iiny time. Semi for circular . rrt ml7 \\f llirriiKSP.V'H Shorthand nchunlSL Itirker T block , : ) mths' lnitrlictionstlsclass ; limited 7:11 : al' STANDAHDPhorthanil School. 412 Shoeloy block , teaches standard systems nudti'cs Uemltiqton typewriters. Cliculars fiee. 72J V\MNTKi-Hv ) two young gentlemen , room > t and board In n private family. In th" north pait ot the city. Satisfactory lefaronce fur nished. Addicts 8S ; , thlsolhro. W 6' \VANTi : Hourd In nrlvnto family by gen- 11 tleman ami wlfn ; location contra ) ; rofer- cnccs exchanged. Address stf' , Hoc. b.M-1 \\rANTIJD-Carpentcrto build ana furnish 1 1 mateilal forlirjo house , tor eaihandjlluo residence lot. Addiess It 01 iW olllco. Ill-j " \VANTKn-10.00) women to iiie T i Tnnoy rotnpouiul Pills. ' Pcrfoi'tlv aafo nnd always cllfcltial. Send fort \ "Woman' * fMifo ( Jiuu-d. " Wllcox Medical Co , . Philadel phia. IMAl't'tiU WANTED-TO RENT- "V\rANTI'D to Kent Small stern or part ot store In drat class location. Adilrs n H ID , Iloe ollico. W17 IS * FOR RENT-HOUSES. TJ10K HUNT 8-room house, hard and soft water, SU. Cor 18th and Pacific. 870 8t ITlOlt HE NT A new 2story house on Center, between 20th and 21st sts., upper frame, lower brick; upper story has 1 rooms, kitchen and pantry; lower story has 2 rooms, kitchen, pantry and cement finished cellar, tanks for cistern water in both pantries, wood, coal houses, etc., separate for bath; suitable for two families. Enquire of proprietor Pacific hotel, G > 7 Pacific st. fchl H * FOR RENT One rooming house, 11th barn, S. St., Hoar Leavenworth st. Inquire at Western Cornice Works, C07-OII S. 10th st. C. Specht. KVJ-l'J FOR RENT Flat of seven rooms corner S 11th and Pacific sts. Dusgan's block, 877 HUNT Hotels for rent. S. T. Potter- A son. s. e. cor. 10th and Douglas sts. Sl > at * .. HUNT Now 7-room flat, corner 11th and Jones. A. C Powell. 1-01 Karnum. if! 17011 HUNT 2 houses, 1 ten rooms, 1 now J1J house, 4 rooms. 1213 Park ave. 841 lit FOR RENT 10-room house, steam, gas. Bath, hot and cold and cistern water, good cellar and nice yard. $50. Inquire at 5th St., near S. 20th. HUNT 8-room house, with nice barn, 2x4 and Webster sts. C. H. Harrison. FOR SALE: Nine-room house, barn and lot in Henscom Place; also houses and lots in Sunny Side. Harris, room 411, 1st Nat. Bank. FOH KENT 10-room modern house ueir high Khool cheap. Also 0-room cottngiN Slil and Howard , ( ! . II. Thoui \| > son , HIS Shecly bloclc , loth and Howard. ) < . ) . ! ITIOIt HUNT 7 room cottage ou Harney st just JJ west of aith st , $ Jo. 3 room Hat N 17tn st , ? 12. 4-iootn cottage , S. IJth st. JU.no. JO-room house on S. ICth st wltli nil modern conveniences , will lent reasonable to party making good loisp. Ajiply to Ureon HeV11 - Hams 1'lrst National bank bnlhlliicj. 5VJ FOR HUNT Hy March 1. (1-room ( house In good repairs on Lake st , rent cheap , and it- room cottage in Arbor pluce. Shoely's Station , J7.W per month. InfiulroSaiS IBth st , or 14KJ Douglas st , room . 4'JO 3NIJW , flrit-class nnlsbed. 6-room Haw with bathroom , gar * , water uud bower ; - stores , corner , suitable fdr drug 'Store : 1 Imscinout siittabio for barbsr shop , cornar 21th and I.oav- onworth HtH. Inquire nt proniljei. 2MnS ! * QIKN'-ItOOM house ou Ifeth near Leax-enworth ht ; modern conveniences : will rent to good reliable tenant nt Jin per month , Ci. .1. Sterns- Uorir , looms : ; i7-318 First Nut , Il.ink building. JUJ FT room house , J14 pnr mouth , S. U. cor 11th and J Vliiton. Inquire next door. : ( > 7 TJIUUNISIir.D house for rent In Park Terrace. JL1 opposite Hanscom Park , all moileinn con veniences. Ilnqulre , Leo i : Nichol , 23th and Leavt'iiworth. OJi BKAt"ril''UIi B-room liouse , gas , city water , bath loom , hot and cold water , on paved streets with struct car , near a gooJ school , only * . " per month. The house Is new. Apply at once. C. F. Harrison , Merchants' Nat. bank. TTIOH HKNT When yon wish to r < mt n house. JL' btoro or olticn call on us > . II. U. Cole , room 0 , Continental block KM "ITUIt HUNT O-room modem Improved hone JA ? I locality. Kent moderate. Apply M. Kl gutter , 1001 Kurnam ht. & -M FOIt HUNT Cottages. ! > rooms. 27.5 Charlo * si nnd lit".I So Cth aU Inaulro It L'U' , Sheeloy block. KM TTIOH BKNT 0-rooiu briclc. 114 S Situ st ; mod- JU cm conveniences ; near cabin line. .1. W. Qrllllth , U. I' , hottdqnnrtora. MJ OH IIF.NT 7-room tlat at&08 S. lath. Innulro F J , U llrandols & Sons. H-17 FOR RENT-FURfJISHEP ROOM. POll HKN11 Two well furnished rooms.siTiglo or en suite ; steam heated , IDlil Douglas. B3J7 * T71HONT rooinjmodern conveniences. 3Z3 N.Kth JL1 b2 9f TJIUKNISIIUD room , 4'0 S. Ijth st , Hat 7. _ I AltO h' furnished front room , suitable for l " or ! l gontn ; bnaul if desired ; private family ; references dailred ; ( .07 N. Ibth. 823-11 * "ITIOU HKNT Furnished room with use of par- JL' lor Ilia and piano , $10 per month , aud bounl If ili-alred. Ifill Cullfurulast. Bll'-7 ' * TJIOH HKNT Handsomely fiirnl.shod rooms , JL ? with bath. etc. ; board If desired. 1911 Far- mini ht. tili-'T FOIt HKNT A buiiill south fooii every con"- vcnlente. 2U > 7 Douglas st. MI Qlil'l Dodgel rnrnTRheil rooms fov iadies ami -i gentli-men. with or without bnaul , ll.uh , neat and llj/ht. Iteferonco reiiulred. I'llco moderate. ,1)0 ) h * A VKN'IIi : Hooms-AtiniftndIfliriC ; ! pltol vo J-\ 2 block.s from l > O. newly f uriiiihed private boaitlnchouiuploaautrooiU3altcoiivcuton'ieK ! ! 3 U _ fjlOlt UKNT A nli-ely fiiriilslien 4 : all con ye iileiicv a ; iil8 So. itn wt. Till'IINIHIICDrooms , shiKlo or ensinte , bath JL1 and KtPttm : for ( jouts only , 1010 llouatd. 7tO .R OO.M 17 , KXi b 2X'lld. e * > -t N10KLY furiilHhed front rooms. 8mln ; or In _ suite. 14lUDoduu t. I. N. ( Julll. 077-7J ] 71b Dottgo ; ru ms and Ihvt-clas. liome bond. . 7IW-7 TpOH. HKNT-Very Inrgp tnrnlshed room and - JL' alcove , south fimit ; hnieleclrli : bells.nprak- Ing tul > .s , cr.tlen , etc. ; guUa.lo for two or tlireo -n : I'm nam. cv : ' 1 > IHVAT1J faintly havn sovi-ral choice fur- J. ulMird rooina for rent , Ul N. airh * t , ur r. * "IjM'HNISllUD ri'oms by dayTwo'.teor month. J1 > t. Oulr HotBl , ror. iiih : and Doilge. 5W 'I. IUMS Funilhlioil of uiifiinilshod. atniiUi or J-\ su suite ! nmdorn convenlonces. J7 l odie. ; "M 101" f urnlshea rooms & ; board , 1703 Dotmlai. J- > 4VJ _ SUITof 2 fnrnlhlioJ resins , modern conven * Icni'Pi , J blocks from I' . O. , private family , A. Hoxpv , Jr. , 15IJ DoiiRliis st. ! ij XT li.'li uooms.o from M to i a mouth Pcaiio < tjr , JHth iulJc.u istrdtv. V70mli ; IAllTK ( .rontTMiii , iik-nry furii Jfor 2 ecutleinpii , lau hnruam. "IjlUIINI.SIIKD or uufuruuiiqd room , with JO nud bath , ooard If dailrod , Dlv d. 2atn at.. oprKinlto All Hatuu' cliurcn. 7:17 : front roo.u laltt Dodge [ , I ) rooms. 1UH2JIU st.near Dodga. t ) NiCKIiV turnUhod room * , iteniiilieat , gn. : - > tath , f ic. . on naiuo Uoor , 119 per mouth. 20J B. Sltti. n.i IIU. _ _ -g ; iruntNISmUl room , cheap , KOO , 2UO I . 717 l _ _ _ N' lOI'.fiYfuraUhocl tonias , niionTilt nn buck parlor ; 1WJ DOI.IM ; it. eu _ _ FOR RENT-ROOMS PURNIHE.D. -rnrnWnedTooinsnrOrneiiisljl cor , Ilth ntid Doiliro st . Imiutro of Goo. I Davis , Mllliml hotel billiard room. KV ! "fiWIl HUNT Nicely filrnlsliad room , with JL1 boardlf desired , gai , heat anil bath-room , 1707 Dodt-est. Ml IDLIIASANT furnished rooms 10K Capitol ave. FOR RENTSTCJRgg ijipjg r F ICES. FOH HHNT-Store , S. W. cor. ICth and I.onv- cnuorth Ifiu-S ? "irolt HRN12 stores 7 room Hat. n room JL' housn 17th , near Nicholas. Innulro fchles- ingor tiros. , nil south luth at. G.Q-mi : BrPI.VHSS.bililncssTwonttW brlrt on Lpavciiworln street , east of 3lth , thnt nro paying 10 u r rent at aoit rental. ( Jet pilcesotM. A. t'ptoiiCompany , Ifith and Far nam. Gill FOH HP.NT-2tloors22K J cach.ln brick build- iniT , with elevator , close to express olllco. cheap lent , Just thn thhi' ; for hnla.xallng , good location , apply ( ieo. lleyn , HOi Fftrnam st. "IH ItKNT-T o .storey r/l. ! nnd r.a North JL liith at , Iniiulro at the building. Henry Oatholl. WI FOIt HP.NT Olllco snltujil a mouth. 2 slmrlo olllces Jl.'ienrli , nil fronting loth st. Hush- man block , n. o. cor. lath nud Douglas. W. M. Hiishniai' . 1J11 Lcavemvorlh. 5Si POH KENT -A warehouse with high bass- ment , ' 'ontrally locatetlou Idcpsnilont track from which earn e.in bo utiloaduil and loaded Into and from building. ImmgdUte ponsos-slun. Sam J. Huwoll , 2K S. llth st , Omann. m' FOR RENT MISCELLANEOUS. NlvriCI ! to Fnrmem nnd OanU-ners For rent , the lollowiug pieces ot land ; Noith \t \ ot uortli\\e t \ of s-er. I , t 13 , r 12 , IJJ acres ; south ' . of Houthuoit' , of sec. Id , t 1,1 , r 12 , 8J nrivs ! east ! ) i acres ot north V * ol northwest1 ! H3.'i , t 1" > , r I1. ' , JWacresjnlso 17 acres duo south or the poor farm aud adjoining Kdward Howi'll plneo In city limits , Innulro ot John llamllti , UI7 I.lnton block , Omaha. Neb. 870 31 Um HKN'I' ' Well Improved farm of TO acres near city. Schlesliiget llros. , Ull So'ith 10th. 1JIOII ItliNT-llasement. nuttthld for n plum. - * - ber orbjrbor , cor. Mth and.Iacteon sts. Veil oil IIF.NT Uood basement , lJKW. ! ! 131 "i Douulasst. 4U ! RENTAL. AGENCIES. /"iKO. J. PAUL , Ida ) Farnaiu at. , houses , VJ store * , etc. , for rjnt , KM \\rn give spe 'lal attention to lenllng and col- TT lectlng rants , list with ui. II. II. Cole , room G Continental block. 5311 LF VOF want your liousus rentoil place them wltu llunawa Ac Co Ijth , opposite postoillee. MISCELLANEOUS. OMAHA , .Neb. , Fob. II , 189. Notleo Is here by given to the holders of all bonds Issued by the Cabin Tramway Company of Omaha , nud hearing date of May 2d , 137 , January 1st , INvS , and October lar , 183 < . to present tht ) sniue , Jor payment , with accrued lutoivst , at ths First National bank of Omnlin , Neb. , the fifth duvet ot April. lt < 8n. Interest on said bonds will ceaio on that date , the company having availed Itself of the right to lodeom the same , by giv ing thirty days notice of Its deslie to do so , S. H. Juhuson , 1'renldeut. Bfl8-a" > B f \MAIIA Steam Dye \Vorcs 1.VJ1 Howard st. v/Dyeing , denning , ete. Lace curtains cleaned. C. T. Paulson picp. , telephone 1147. 512-m2.1 S\VAN80N. Valien St Co. , undeirtakors and embalmers , 1721 Cuming st. Tel. 10IW. 651 m27 a 1IIU banjo taught as an art by Goo. F. Gel- _ lenbeck. U2J1 S. 10th st. _ _ M2 _ IF YOU want to buy. sell , rent or exchange. call on or address , ( , . ,1. StornsdorlT. rooms 317 nnd 3IH First National bank building. C62 PERSONAL. PiitSONAL-"H. : A. H."Lottor just received. ! I Here Is letter ut postolllce for you general delivery. It. 44. Write mu please. hT.'i Ot ATHANC'B MUDH'M Mnw. Sandall , the young Swede , tolls full names of callers and the full name of your ftitnVu husband or wlfo , wltulate of marriage , nnd tolls whether the one you love is true or false.Not n fortune teller , but. a young spirit medium. Madame goes Into n perfectly < lo.vl tranro.Vlll brlug Dad. the parted husbnhd or lover , no matter it they bo W.OOJ mila.s uw.tr. Will guarantee to settle family nuarrels. Parlors tip stair. ) . lOi N ICth St. , third floor. MlSt \ tl' VOL' intend to marry or only desire nmiiso- mcnt join our club. Address with stamp Western CorrospoudoacJ Club , Council Illtill.s , In. UMImllt FOR SALE-MiSCHLLANEOUS. TTOH SALi : 1,000 tons 11 to in Inch ice o J-1 track. Council Illuirx , Gillert Ilros. Sljal Af.AHtlK , nea\y government wagon , almost new , can be lioiuht at your own prlne. G. .1. Sternsdoill , looms 317 and 1MB Fir.st National Hank. Telephone 4HI. f > V ) A11AIKJAIN- Thirteen imndred dollars worth of furniture for live hundred and fifty dollars and lease of modern house on Cap itol avenue. Must well on account of poor health J. H. I'arrotto. UMB Qhlc.igo at. ? ; ? - " _ - FOH SALE Car load of young sound hordes. _ ] 010jullfornla Ht. K. U. Wood. 321 "IjtOH 8ALK On terms tusnIMho neat cottage , Jt ? 2SM Charles st. TelophoiidKiT , or W. T. Si-a- man , Omaha's largest variety bu zlcs , W.IKOIIS , \c. , cast s de IQth st. north of Nicholas st. 4Vi WANTED TO BUY. TANTED For cash, a span of young, sound, well-broken farm mare: 14th St. between 12th and 15th. SOLD property, north of viaduct, 22 feet from Leavenworth. Located between 10th and 10th. WANTED to buy, I have customers for houses and lots worth from $1,500 to $1,500. Property owner wishing to sell will consult their interest by listing their property with me. I have a purchaser. C. D. Holier, room u. S. W. corner of Washington St. WANTED To buy good commercial paper. W. R. C. Patterson, 11th St. WANTED Furniture, carpets, stoves, and household goods of all kinds. Omah. Auction & Store Co., 1121 Farnam St. PISTOLS in mortgages, notes wanted in any amount. C. A. Starr, 1011 Farnam St. LOST. LOST White and yellow Hotter dog, blemish on left eye; $5 reward if returned to 411 So. 5th St., Frank Cross. LOST Shawl Tuesday afternoon, Davisonport between 11th and 12th. Finder please leave with Harvey, First National Bank; and get reward. LOST: A bet of church plans on 10th or Wirtis, Howland by returning to Mendelssohn, Fisher & Lu rle, iircluteuth, Paxton block, LOST: On 1st, within a blocks of Webster street, a brown leather grip containing articles of clothing. Pom marked "K H. " and home Frank Lloyd, Lebanon, will be paid by leaving at the office. Ktj G * STORAGE. STOHAUK At low rates, turnum st., Omaha Auction & Co., 617 PHACKAOT: Elegant, lowest rates. W. J. Lushman, all Leavenworth. 543 HANUH A CO., Tailor, 11 Howard. CLAIRVOYANT THE HONORABLE MAN can be consulted at all -I * 1. office of life through the magic mirror, S-tUtion guaranteed, 4U * N lUtliat.Hphtalrs. _ U. NANNIK V. Warron, clairvoyant, medium, mechanical and business medium. Painful dissipation a particularly, 113 N 16th st., rooms 2 and 3. 611 ABSTRACTS OF ITALY, MULANDA, Trust Co., 1st Furniture, commission furniture furnished & titled to accommodate. Perfected & guaranteed All kinds of and carefully prepared set of abstract books and plats of all kinds at property in the city of Omaha and Douglas county. _ MO.M'.V have. 8.VXX Cash fund to loan for private party; Mill expenses your abstract! Can yet your money without delay. J. D. Koney & Co., 100FUnt National bank. City Fire Insurance will loan you money on horses, furniture, jewelry or securities of any kind; 1313 Honsaca st., cor. S. 13th St. HJK loans wanted on improved city property. Ulmulull. Clmmp & Hyau room U U. B atJjkbUlg. l'.Mj Faniam t, B07a: PillJOenlraTLoan & Trust Co., No. 1011 Far- L nam fitrc < < t, will not be unusually low rates OH choice city loans in Omulm or Council Bluffs. C. A. Btarr. inauagcr. Tt ! B WANTKIlrirar clftjj Inside loans. Lowest iiittJ. Onllnndaaa ui. Mutual Inve t- cii-ut Co. Ill IJarlctr blk , loth and Farcaml 60) 1 > 0 _ i _ [ MONEY TO LOAN. _ _ MOM2VV6 fcnn on furniture , horses , wagon , etc. , otlWniir approved socitrlty. J. W. Itobblns , If.Uft Sheely .l.lSth and llow ra " , _ _ _ M\ tor \| < V i Rt lowest rates of Interest on real estaTc In Omnlm nnd Pont'i ' Omalm. Title * nnuprqperty examined by its and loans mndo nt owe ? 'dish on hand. Bales , Smith , V Co. rqomjjttl ltomgabldng. _ L * _ Bl'ILDIti ( ! > loans a snecialtv. W. M. llnrrls loom 21 * , Frvnzor block , opposite P. O. TrONKVjolmu. Harris. U. li. A Loan Col I room Al. First Nnt. Hank. 018 OKOPLKS Financial E < cclmuge-Tho falroit , JL quietest , Inost llbsrnl money exchange In the city ; loans made without delay or publicity. In nny nnioililt large or smnll , at the lowest rates ot Interest , on nny nvallabla security ; loans may b3 paid ntanytlmoor ranowod ut original rales , O. llouscjirou , mgr , Hooin IWJ , Darker blk. nth and Farnain I CAN make a tow loans on flr.u-ciass chattel securities at reasonable rates. W. 1C. Potter , room 10 llarkor blk. 70i B 10 VOU want to Ucadthlsi borrow money/ It mil savoyoii tlmo , It will save you money. V'otl can borrow from II. P. .Master * , sucrossor to W. 11 , Croft , room 4 , Wltlmell bld'c. i : > th and Harnoy sti. Fit, feM. iil. jli ) ). JAW, j-ojf ji.ouj, $.5.00), $ inOH In fact, any sum you want on furniture, plenty, horse, mules, wagons, etc., on order terms and at lower rate than any other office In the city, without publicity or removal of property from your possession. It an Instalment is due on your property and you cannot meet it, call and see me. I will pay it for you. If you have a loan in any other office, call and see me. I will take it up and carry it for you. I make loans for one to six months, and you can pay a part at any time, reducing both principal and interest. All loans renewed at original rates, and no charge for papers. All business strictly confidential. Call and see me. For particulars, the number. Room 4, Vvitlmoll block. GV1 BUILDING loans. D. V. Stoles, 210, 1'l"t Nnt'l Bank.? DO YOU want money? Loans made on household furniture, pianos, home, etc., without delay or removal, Person withstanding a loan of this kind will do well to call at our office for dealing in business strictly confidential. A. K. Greenwood & Co., Room I, Cunningham- ham block. Mth and Park.snn SH.! i" > MONEY to loan on furniture, piano, etc. Wagon, etc. City Hotel Co., lid S Mth St, opposite Millard hotel. 17(1 DON'T borrow money on furniture, horses, wagons, etc., or collaterals until you send C. H. Jacobs, 110 I'lm National bank building. 8S TO MAN--A special fund of $110,010 in.sum from $100 up, on unimproved lots in Omaha If not situated too far out. O. J. Brokers, Co. ; iw s. ir.tii st. rj : FIRST mortgage loans at low rates, and no delay. D. V. Sholes, 110, First National bank. - MONRY to loan on improved property, hand. No application sent away for approval. Abstract and titles examined free of charge to borrowers. Lombard Investment company, 188-J S. 11th St. 66 > DELL DUOS. & Co., No. HIS So. 10th St., Chamber of Commerce building, loan money at 6, (14!, 7, "! and 8 percent, according to location of property. Unsurpassed facilities for placing large loans on inside business property. A special fund of several thousand dollars to loan on unimproved lots. 2.W LOANS on business property. $, $100 to $500. AVanted. Provident Trust Company, room UGH. First National Bank building. MONTH to loan on improved real estate by Northwest Union State Insurance Co. Lowest rates: no commissions. Address Howard Kennedy, Chicago, Ill. ONLY to loan on chattel security, fair rate of interest; J. H. Pairotto, Chicago, Ill. NATIONAL Mortg. Loan Co. will make you a loan on household goods, horses, wagons, land contracts, fine jewelry or securities of any kind without publicity, at reasonable rates. Room 7, Howley Block, South Omaha. Money to loan at 6,000 and 7 percent, no money direct from the Eastern investor. Will sell, First National Bank building. Money loans negotiated at low rates without delay, and purchase good commercial paper and mortgage notes. S. A. Sloan, corner 3rd and Furnam. Money to loan. O. F. Davis Co., real estate and loan agents, 1535 Farnam St. Money to loan. We are ready for applications for loans in amounts from $100 to $10,000 on improved Omaha or Douglas county real estate. All information as to rates. Loans promptly closed. Good notes will be purchased by us. Call upon us, or write to The McCauley Investment Co. Pr. Ol'LK'S Financial Exchange and small loans for long and short time, at low rates of interest, on real estate mortgage notes, claims of all kinds, diamonds, watches, and jewelry. Don't fail to call if you want to. Fair and cheap accommodations. O. Houscaren, Mgr., room 6, Harlcer blk., 15th and Farnam. 1'KIT CENT money to loan Cash on hand. W. M. Harris, room a. Irenzer block, op p. P. O., T. U. F. COLD, loan agent. H.F . 247 SHK . 21 a First Nai'l bine bnforo mak ing your loans , r > 3i ! MONI1V to loan ; cash on hand ; no delay. J. \V. Smitro , I21 Farnam si. , Vint National bank building. f > 57 PHILADELPHIA Mortgage & Trust Co.. chfap o.irtorn money direct to borrowers. Make building loans , large or mntill ; perfect ; tltlos ; accept loano In their west ru olllco , Ooo. W. P. Coates , representative , W Doaril Trade , Mil MONKir loaned for : , & ) or SHIday ? . on any klndot chattel security ; reatonablo Inter est ; biiRlnoss confidential. ' J , J. Wilkinson , 1417 Farnam st. " Mil fOMKVto Loan Lowest r.itos. Loans closed Lpromptly. H. 15. Colo.H . .Continental blocs. 6fl2 JiVXI.OJ'J to loan at ft par cent. Lmatian & Mahoney - honey , Itoom SJO , I'axton block. WM T OANS madoon real estate aim mortgages JLJbought. Lewis S. Used & Co. , 1121 Pnrnum. BH MONKY to loan in largo sums at the lowest ratej ; no delay. It. C , Patterson , ai8 B. Ifith. ii2j I" K. COLK , loan agent. * - 217 U1LDINU loans. Ltiiahan & Mnhoney.W > W FOR EXCHANGE. \\rANTKD ( iood .sp.in of hor-ses m exchange T t for clear lot. A. P. TuktyI5thand Douglas kfi ) " lniClllN'bON Si We.ul have removedlocoT- nor rooms over'1 wo jOrphans , " u o cor. With aim Douglas and have to exchange for Commercial property 2 acres, one $1,150 and one $100. City Old drug stock, Live Stock and vacant Lots clear. Food business T. 1st lease of building and ground. A good clear lot to trade for driving horse. It. F. Williams, 3 N. 11th St, W. J fl T710K SALO OR exchange, saloon, fixtures, A stock of goods, Address, C. A, Post, Lincoln, Neb., -, B44-12t FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE, grocery store, etc. Address, C. A, Post, Lincoln, Neb. EXCHANGE THOSE G.w < l hotels for clear -t. land or merchandise; fifteen farms for merchandise or town property: in good livery barn to sell or trade. Address J, K. Shippman, Kearney, Neb. so.!.'; * TOOLS LIKE THIS I have to exchange $100 North good inside property unimproved, for a good farm, Cit feet on Jones street near Fifteenth for residence property, improved. Lot on Lowe Ave for residence in west part of city or Walnut Hill, lugant house in County place for a house or lot in west part of the city. Unencumbered. A number of houses and lots in West Omaha for good vacant lots. An Improved Business corner for other property. 4 HO acre fine land one-half mile from railroad in Brown county for Omaha property. Unencumbered city property and lands for stock of goods. Good farm for city property. Property in all parts of the city to trade. Grover Stevens. WALK or exchange, a fine ranch, clear of encumbrance, of 100 acres, fit head of cattle, timber, and farming, with a complete plan. Will take a good Iowa farm as part payment. Wanted good residence at once for my own use. Money to loan on credit, property. For particulars, inquire room 403 Blieeley block, corner 18th and Howard. O'Leary, low and effective for good house and lot, Omaha; must be unexceptionable neighborhood, Adare in the office, 700. For exchange, a fine farm, farm land, and lots, farm land, and merchandise, house, etc. Call write to: Hotel, room 6SW corner 18th and Douglas. FOR EXCHANGE. TO EXCHANGE - Forty acres of the finest timber land in Wisconsin, clear of timber, what have you to offer? O. J. Sterns, rooms 31T & 18th National bank Building, Chicago. "WHAT have you to offer in exchange for a $12,000 residence in a good city?" In the county, and 1,000 acres of land, all clear. Western Land and Loan Exchange, 11; S, Sixteenth. M.1-fl residence property in Omaha, any or all of following; 40 choice inside residence lots in lit stings, 40 lots in Lincoln. 40 acres fine farmland land, Lancaster county. Fine residence property, Lincoln. Good rental property, Lincoln. Coal office or any residence property in Lincoln. Also, some good mortgage lots. Address, giving location and price of property, J. K. H., care Haum Iron Co., 131T Loayonworth. TO THE EXCHANGE - D. K. H. - Hand county. What have you to offer for a peed farm here, slightly unnumbered? Dakota lands are listed in value, and its destiny cannot be disputed. Will take vacant lot or improved property and assume some incumbrance. J. H. Stern, doing rooms 317 and 318, First National bank building. BUSINESS CHANCES. CAPITAL. W. P. O'Connell's dairy farm near town for sale or rent cheap. Call tomorrow at 310 South St. LIVE STOCK EXCHANGE - Paying chop house and restaurant in city; nine furnished rooms in connection; the trade; good location; investigate immediately. Address S 41 Bee. S.VT. WANTED: A first-class meat market, best location in the city. Reason for selling, change of business. Address S 42 Bee. S.VT. WANTED: Partner with $100 in a theatrical enterprise; will pay $100 per week sure. Address S 7. Hoo. SOI. MEAT market for sale; about paying. Stand in Omalm. Address "U 5 . " Hoc ollice. 400-acre farm, an active, established seed business, with a large stock of all kinds of seed; capital required, $1000 to $10,000; a splendid opportunity for the right man. Address SUS, Box office, 81. An excellent mill for sale in good wheat belt, and good market for flour. For terms, address R. J. Andreas, Gordon, Neb. 2-V uU8 For sale - Real Estate. For rent or sale - House, 5 miles from Omaha, plenty of fruit and good improvements; also near storkyards with good stock. Apply at Times office, So. Omaha. For sale - House on 20th near Clark, good condition and stable; small cash payment; balance monthly. Here is a chance to get a home on easy terms. Price $1500. A. P. InkojIBth Douglas. BiRJand For sale - House, No. 1211 Capitol avenue. Apply at 1217 Furnam. Will We have 1 lot in Lincoln Place, corner lot in Kountree Place. We will build to your plan and give it to you at cost, cash, balance to suit. We have a new 6-room house. Cottage (cor, 45x115), 15th and Locust sts., $100 cash, balance monthly. It will pay you to $800. Hamilton Bros., Builders, 40-i S isili M. HU'CILLINSON & Wcad have removed to corner rooms over "Two Orphans" at cor. Douglas and 18th and have corner in Plainview. $1,200, $800 cash. Corner in Orchard Hill (?); $500 cash. 22,44, (Ifi or ty feet Douglas on 12th at WW. 4-x10 IDtli near viaduct. $1.60 0. _ FOR SALE or trade One 2-story frame building 22x1112; must be removed April 1st. Inquire at 12ttT > Douglas. 7U.J-17 THAD faholes specials Head. SUMM Buys elegant new house on Georgia and Poppleton lives., east front and all conveniences, furnace. Coffee. 15"iW ) Buys fine 8-joom house on Lowe avenue, all conveniences. Part cash and good lot in payment. 7.VW Ifuya good house and lot on Park avenue, near Poppleton, 6 rooms and all conveniences. I furniture. SO.DOO Can buy new house, a rooms, furnace and all conveniences, In Hanson place. Hop onto this quick. 8300 Buy.n good room cottage and full lot. S SOO Buy.s an elegant house in Kountze Place, on Will st. Part cash and part trade. STi.OOO Buys an elegant house in Kountze Place. Furnace and all conveniences. Kountze residences and lots in all parts of the city. For Trade. Three good brick dwellings near Park, fine house and lot in Kountze Place, fine house and lot in Hanson Place. $ 14.00 equity in Kountze county farms for good clear lot or lightly encumbered house and lot. Valued at M SOU., This is a rare trading chance. I handle all kinds of property and push a bargain. List your property with me. Business is going to be good this year and I want a good list for spring. Send in your lists. D. V. Shoals, 210 First National Bank. 778 F. FLACK has removed from Fronzor Block to 310 S. 11th St., where he has opened a neat office in the basement of the Chamber of Commerce. His list of choice real estate is complete, embracing some of the most desirable business and residence property in the city. Also a number of houses and lots for sale on easy terms, or will exchange for good city lots. John F. Flack. :110 S. 11th St. Cat 1/HN K quarter section. Sherman county. Lots JU in thriving Iowa city; also in Omaha, Kentucky bred saddle horse, on the gaits. St. Leonard family mare, carriage, etc. What have you to offer? Address H fl ), lleo office. 70ti Q I.OTO buys 2 houses and lot, 07x3J S. K. cor. Pllth and Vinton. GJJ-m'll T > HACK Aft : for sale Lots 21 and 22, block fi. JL Paddock Place, brick already In, Sl.iKW If told by March 10th; after that date JfjCOi ). M. A. Upton Company, 6th and Farnam. 678-10 LOOK HERE-Lot: 6x8! ). 20th street, : east both of Loavenworth, paved street, street cars. Two-story 8-room HOUSE; good cellar and cistern; owner going west on March 10th. and If not sold by that time will be taken out of the market: J. A. Upton Company, 12th and Fennimore, on the U. P. R. R. With the mile line. This is the best bargain in Omaha; $5,000. Grove Stevens, 1021 Karnom. GREAT LOTS. Amos, Douglas Co., Abstracts. 1507 Karnam Street, Those wishing to invest a little money in Omaha lots in Rich may as not be sold. We have good lots, splendidly located, surrounded by new buildings and improvements, which you can buy, paying for $13 down.
US-201214124182-A_1	USPTO	Public Domain	Drive system for a vehicle ABSTRACT A drive system for a vehicle comprises an internal combustion engine and a torsional vibration damping arrangement. The internal combustion engine is switchable between operating modes of different performance capability, and the torsional vibration damping arrangement comprises a flywheel mass arrangement and at least one deflection mass pendulum unit with a deflection mass carrier and a deflection mass arrangement supported at the deflection mass carrier such that it can deflect out of a basic relative position with respect to the latter by means of a deflection mass coupling arrangement. CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This is a U.S. national stage of application No. PCT/EP2012/058561, filed on 9 May 2012, which claims priority to the German Application Nos. 10 2011 077 121.2, filed 7 Jun. 2011 and 10 2012 205 793.5, filed 10 Apr. 2012, the content of all three incorporated herein by reference. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is directed to a drive system for a vehicle comprising an internal combustion engine and a torsional vibration damping arrangement wherein the internal combustion engine is switchable between operating modes of different performance capability. 2. Related Art A drive system, shown schematically in FIG. 1, comprises an internal combustion engine 5 which delivers an unsteady torque owing to the periodic combustion process. Accordingly, a disturbance torque with fixed orders is superposed on the nominal torque. These orders depend on the combustion process (two-cycle or four-cycle process) and on the number of cylinders. Thus the main exciting order of a four-cylinder four-cycle engine is the second order, that of a three-cylinder four-cycle engine is the 1.5th order, and that of a four-cylinder two-cycle engine is the second order. The system has a control device 2, which detects the load condition and rotational speed at the engine based on signals, e.g., vehicle speed, from the engine or from the rest of the drivetrain 3 (gearbox, differential, axle), whereupon it chooses whether all of the cylinders or only some of the cylinders are to be operated or which combustion process is to be used in the engine; that is, generally speaking, it chooses between operating modes of different performance capability. In order to stabilize the drivetrain, vibration reducing systems 4, which are configured, e.g., based on the excitation order are used as torsional vibration damping arrangements. For this purpose, it was possible heretofore to proceed from fixed orders which were not variable during operation. For the purpose of reducing consumption and therefore also emissions, it is possible to change the quantity of cylinders or the combustion process, i.e., the operating mode, during operation. An internal combustion engine always has its optimal efficiency at a relatively high load so that the specific fuel consumption is lowest at that time. The common partial load states in real operation consume too much fuel in relation to the demanded power. One solution to this problem is to switch off individual cylinders 1 and operate the rest of the cylinders at a higher load level and, therefore, at a higher level of efficiency. This switching off can be carried out, for example, by turning off the fuel injection for half of the cylinders and/or changing the control times via a variable valve control. As an alternative solution to switching off cylinders, a four-cycle engine can be optimally configured for partial load operation and can be switched to two-cycle operation at peak load when needed. Particularly in the cycle relevant for consumption, only loads which are very small in relation to the full engine are demanded; thus in the NEDC (New European Driving Cycle) the engine with an installed power of up to 200 kW only puts out approximately 10 kW because the required accelerations are very moderate. Also, for routine operation of a vehicle the full load is requested only in rare cases so that switching off cylinders or switching operating modes offers a great savings potential. When the excitation order changes, the distance with respect to rotational speed or frequency between the operating range and the natural frequency of the vibration reducing system also changes and, therefore, so does the quality of vibration reduction. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is the object of the present invention to design a drive system in such a way that a good vibration reduction quality is constantly ensured with varying excitation behavior during operation. This object is met according to the invention by a drive system as described below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS The invention will be described in more detail in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings: FIG. 1 is a schematic depiction of a drive system; FIG. 2 consist of Views 2 a), 2 b) and 2 c) in which View 2 a) is a diagram of the torque that can be delivered by the internal combustion engine in an operating mode with maximum performance capability and an operating mode with reduced performance capability, plotted over the rotational speed; View 2 b) is a diagram of an angle-torque characteristic of a torsional vibration damping arrangement with unfavorably configured characteristic; View 2 c) is a diagram of the transfer function of the torsional vibration damping arrangement with the resonances of two damper stages, plotted over the rotational speed; FIG. 3 consist of Views 3 a), 3 b) and 3 c) in which View 3 a) is a view corresponding to View 2 a); View 3 b) is a diagram of a characteristic of a torsional vibration damping arrangement corresponding to View 2 b) but with favorably configured characteristic; View 3 c) is a graph corresponding to View 2 c) showing the transfer functions for a favorably configured characteristic; FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the transfer function of a speed-adaptive damper, plotted over rotational speed; FIG. 5 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of a torsional vibration damping arrangement with a torsional vibration damper and a speed-adaptive damper; FIG. 6. is the torsional vibration damping arrangement of FIG. 5 in an axial view and in the open state; FIG. 7 is a partial axial view of a speed-adaptive damper constructed in a different manner; FIG. 8 is a schematic partial axial view of a speed-adaptive damper based on the principle of construction illustrated in FIG. 7; FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of a speed-adaptive damper based on the principle of construction illustrated in FIG. 7; FIG. 10 shows the speed-adaptive damper of FIG. 9 in a partial axial view; FIG. 11 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 4 of a transfer function of a speed-adaptive damper for different configurations; FIG. 12 is a schematic partial axial view of a fixed-frequency damper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENTLY PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A lowpass filter passes the torque having a low frequency or order (e.g., ideally only the nominal torque of zeroeth order) and blocks the alternating higher-order or higher-frequency torques. This is realized by a vibratory dual mass flywheel (DMF) with a primary side and a secondary side which is rotatable with respect to the primary side against the action of a damper element arrangement, e.g., spring arrangement, and which has a natural frequency at which the system can execute very high angular deflections when this natural frequency is excited. At best, this leads to annoying noise, and at worst the system will be destroyed. Therefore, the systems are so designed with respect to their mass-stiffness ratios that this natural frequency lies far below the idling speed and, therefore, the operating rotational speed range. For example, the natural frequency of a dual mass flywheel is approximately 750/min. When this dual mass flywheel is operated in a four-cylinder four-cycle engine, the lowest excitation frequency, at an idling speed of 750/min through the second order as main exciting order, is at approximately 1600/min, i.e., far above the resonance of the dual mass flywheel. This makes use of the fact that far above the resonance the amplitudes are smaller downstream of the system than upstream of the system because of the transfer function. The dual mass flywheel decouples and reduces the excitation which is conveyed to the rest of the drivetrain, e.g., the gearbox, and which can lead to noise. If the quantity of cylinders in this engine is halved, the main exciting order is also halved from the second order to the first order. Accordingly, the lowest excitation frequency at an idling speed of 750/min is at 800/min and, therefore, in the range of the resonant frequency of the dual mass flywheel. The amplitudes are very high and the system does not decouple. While the solution of increasing the idling speed in switch-off operation is reasonable with respect to engine dynamics, it has the disadvantage that the speed-proportional hydrodynamic losses increase and the engine is no longer operated in the range of optimum efficiency. For this reason, the vibration reducing system must be specially tuned. FIG. 2 shows how a conventional design of a torsional vibration damping arrangement, e.g., dual mass flywheel, affects the behavior when cylinders are switched off. View 2 b) shows a progressive torque-angle characteristic having a kink where the stiffness increases sharply. The first stage is an idling stage or low load stage, for example. The characteristic is substantially linear in the two characteristic curve segments below and above the kink. In View 2 a), the solid bold line represents the nominal torque of a four-cylinder engine over rotational speed. The enveloping solid thin lines show the amplitudes of the superposed alternating torque and accordingly represent the maximum and minimum torque, respectively. Comparison with the characteristic of the dual mass flywheel shows that the second stage of the dual mass flywheel is active at full load. The solid bold line shows the nominal torque with no cylinders switched off, i.e., in an operating mode with higher or maximum performance capability. The bold dashed line in View 2 a) shows the nominal torque curve of the engine with switched off cylinders in which only two cylinders are operating. Consequently, also only approximately half of the torque is available. A disturbance torque, whose amplitude is shown by the thin dashed enveloping line, is likewise superposed on this nominal torque. Usually, switch-off operation is not applied over the entire rotational speed band of the engine. However, as a result of the configuration of the characteristic the soft first stage is not sufficient for the nominal torque in switched-off cylinder operation, so that the dual mass flywheel is operated in its second stage. The decoupling quality depends in both cases—all-cylinder operation and switch-off operation—on the speed-related distance from the resonance of the dual mass flywheel. In all-cylinder operation, the dual mass flywheel is still operated supercritically due to the main excitation order (second order). In the transfer function shown in View 2 c) it can be seen that the amplitude ratio is less than 1 considering, for example, the rotational speed at position 6 in that the vertical line is dropped at the rotational speed until hitting the transfer function of the second stage. If cylinders are switched off in the engine, the main exciting order decreases, for example, by half Instead of the second order, the first order is relevant. Therefore, an adaptation of order must be carried out in View 2 c); accordingly, at half of the rotational speed, the transfer function of the second stage of the dual mass flywheel is reached close to resonance—even subcritically in this case—at a substantially greater amplitude ratio, which results in an unacceptably poor decoupling quality in spite of the lower torque amplitude in switched-off cylinder operation. The reason for the poor response is the very flat first stage so that operation takes place in the excessively stiff second stage in switched-off cylinder operation. One solution consists in making the first stage of the characteristic so stiff that, on the one hand, switched-off cylinder operation always takes place in the first stage and, on the other hand, the stiffness is still small enough that supercritical operation is possible. It is clear from View 3 b) that the stiffness was maintained in the second stage, which ensures a good decoupling at full load in all-cylinder operation, while the second stage was adapted to be stiffer than in FIG. 2 so that switch-off operation can always take place in this first stage. In this way, a transfer function of <1 and, therefore, a decoupling of vibrations is achieved even after adapting the order for switch-off operation. A deflection mass oscillating unit, referred to generally as a mass damper, comprises a mass as dynamic energy accumulator and a stiffness as static energy accumulator. Its natural frequency is tuned such that, when excited, the structural component to which the mass damper is connected does not undergo deflection. The stiffness may be constant, resulting in a fixed-frequency damper, or may be speed-dependent resulting in an order damper, also known as a speed-adaptive damper. A fixed-frequency damper only damps a fixed frequency, while the order damper damps an order. Order dampers in the form of centrifugal pendulums which are designed to absorb the main exciting orders are particularly common in motor vehicles. It was mentioned above that the main exciting order changes when switching off cylinders or switching combustion processes or, generally speaking, when the operating mode changes. In view of this fact, an individual mass damper cannot stabilize the drivetrain. There is even a risk that because of its two natural frequencies the mass damper will exacerbate resonances if an “incorrect” excitation order is applied. One solution consists in installing a specifically tuned mass damper for every possible order. For this purpose, individual mass dampers must be installed for all orders that occur or for all critical orders. In case of the four-cylinder engine which is reduced to a two-cylinder engine, a mass damper tuned to the second order and the first order would be required. As is shown in FIG. 4, a mass damper has, besides its mass damper frequency, two natural frequencies in which its amplitude can be very large. The distance between these natural frequencies and the damper frequency with respect to rotational speed depends on the ratio of mass to mass moment of inertia. The greater the inertia of the mass damper, the greater the distance. Naturally, it must be taken into consideration in this regard that the stiffness must be adapted to the mass or to the mass moment of inertia in order to maintain the damper frequency or damper order. The ratio of stiffness to mass must remain equal. An order damper, e.g., a centrifugal pendulum (speed-adaptive damper), exhibits the same behavior when the order rather than the frequency is plotted on the abscissa. As regards switching off cylinders, this means that when the excitation order is halved exactly one of the lower resonances or resonant orders of the mass damper can be affected, which can lead to the destruction of the mass damper or to excitation of vibrations by the mass damper. The solution consists in that the inertia of the damper mass is either less than, e.g., 90%, preferably 75%, at most preferably 50%, of the flywheel, generally a flywheel mass arrangement, in order to remain appreciably below the lower damper resonance when reducing the order, or appreciably greater than 110%, preferably 150%, at most preferably 200%, in order to remain operating above the damper resonance in switching operation. Often, the value of 200% is difficult to adjust for reasons relating to installation space and weight, while the value of 50% is limited by the energy accumulator capability of the mass damper; in particular, a speed-adaptive damper requires a sufficiently large mass because it derives its stiffness from the centrifugal force. The behavior shown in FIG. 4 applies to any mass damper that is used with its specific damper frequency or damper order in the vibration reducing system. Further, the set of problems described above also applies to the opposite case. For example, if a mass damper tuned to the second order and a mass damper tuned to the first order are used in a four-cylinder engine, the mass damper of the first order which is to work for switch-off operation (two-cylinder operation) runs the risk that its upper resonant frequency or resonant order in four-cylinder operation is affected precisely by the main exciting order. Accordingly, a sufficiently large frequency distance or order distance must also be ensured in this case by a suitable mass or mass moment of inertia (e.g., <50% or >>200%). Accordingly, it must be ensured when configuring the orders or frequencies for the mass damper for all-cylinder operation and switch-off operation that the frequency ranges or order ranges at position 7 and at position 8 of all of the mass dampers are not affected. With respect to the mass damper, it is possible in particular to carry out a good preliminary decoupling beforehand by means of a lowpass filter, e.g., a dual mass flywheel, so that the remaining residual alternating torque, which has a very small amplitude, is compensated by the mass damper. Accordingly, mass dampers having a small mass and, therefore, a limited ability to absorb energy, are also capable of ensuring sufficient comfort in both operating states. FIGS. 5 and 6 show an exemplary embodiment of a torsional vibration damping arrangement, designated generally by 10, in which a torsional vibration damper 12 constructed in the manner of a dual mass flywheel is combined with a speed-adaptive damper 14. The torsional vibration damper 12 comprises a primary side 16 with two cover disk elements 18, 20 and a secondary side, designated generally by 22, on which the speed-adaptive damper 14 is also provided. The primary side 16 and secondary side 22 provide respective circumferential supporting regions for a damper element arrangement 24 which comprises two damper spring units 26, 26′ in the depicted embodiment example. Each damper spring unit 26, 26′ comprises a plurality of damper springs 30 consecutively in circumferential direction, which are supported at one another and with respect to the primary side 16 and secondary side 22 via a slide shoe and spring seat 28, respectively. Damper springs 30 arranged consecutively in circumferential direction can be formed differently with respect to one another, i.e., can provide different stiffnesses, so that a stepped characteristic curve is obtained. Springs 30 can also be arranged so as to be nested one inside the other in order to further influence stiffness. The secondary side 22 provides a deflection mass carrier 32 of the speed-adaptive damper 14 acting as deflection mass pendulum arrangement, this deflection mass carrier 32 being formed on the housing side in this instance. For this purpose, housing parts 34, 36 which are shell-shaped, for example, are connected to one another at their radially inner region by rivets 38. Also, a flywheel 40 on the secondary side is fixedly connected to the deflection mass carrier 32, for example, by rivets. Provided at the deflection mass carrier 32 in the embodiment example shown in FIG. 6 is a total of four deflection masses 42 which are arranged at an angular distance of 90° from one another and which in their entirety form a deflection mass arrangement 44. Guide paths 46, 48 are provided in the deflection mass carrier 32 and the deflection masses 42 and are associated with one another, respectively. The guide paths 46 provided at the deflection mass carrier 32 have a vertex region on the radially outer side, while the guide paths 48 provided at the deflection masses 42 have a vertex region located on the radially inner side. The guide paths 46, 48 are curved radially inward and radially outward, respectively, starting from the respective vertex regions. Associated with these guide paths 48 are pin-shaped or roller-shaped coupling elements 50 which are movable along guide paths 46 in the deflection mass carrier 32 and along guide paths 48 in the deflection masses 42. Owing to the curvature and positioning of the vertex regions, the coupling elements 50 position themselves in the respective vertex regions when the torsional vibration damping arrangement 10 rotates around an axis of rotation A such that the deflection masses 42 always occupy a position at the greatest possible radial distance from the axis of rotation A. In the event of rotational irregularities or torsional vibrations, the coupling elements 50 move along the guide paths 46, 48 proceeding from the vertex regions so that the deflection masses 42 are forced in centrifugal potential radially inward and accordingly absorb potential energy. The deflection masses 42 are accordingly set in oscillation and, by reason of the curvature of the guide paths and the masses and mass moments of inertia of the deflection masses 42, the speed-adaptive damper 14 inherently has a natural frequency which varies with varying rotational speed and varying centrifugal force. This means that as a result of the interaction between the coupling elements 50 and the curved guide paths 46, 48 a pseudo stiffness is provided in the connection of the deflection masses 42, which changes as a function of the rotational speed. In this regard, it is possible to find a configuration or a tuning to a predetermined order so that the natural frequency of the vibration system provided with the totality of deflection masses or provided by the deflection mass arrangement 44 also changes along with the order which shifts depending on rotational speed. Accordingly, the deflection mass carrier 32, together with the deflection masses 42 at the latter which can deflect out of the basic relative position, or with the deflection mass arrangement 44, forms a deflection mass pendulum unit which is designated generally by 56. In the torsional vibration damping arrangement comprising this deflection mass pendulum unit 56, i.e., essentially comprising the speed-adaptive damper 14 and the torsional vibration damper 12, which acts like a dual mass flywheel, the primary side 16 of the torsional vibration damper 12 essentially provides the flywheel mass arrangement coupled to the deflection mass pendulum unit 56 via the stiffness provided by the damper element arrangement 24 or damper spring units 26 thereof In order to take into account the fact that the critical excitation orders also change when switching the internal combustion engine 5 between different operating modes, i.e., for example, when changing from four-cylinder operation to two-cylinder operation, specifically tuned mass dampers can be provided, for example, in a drive system so as to be associated with a plurality of critical orders which can occur in, or which may become critical in, various operating modes. Another constructional principle for a speed-adaptive damper is shown in FIG. 7. This mass damper 14 a, which also acts as a deflection mass pendulum unit 56 a, has a deflection mass carrier 32 a, which is again provided, for example, on the secondary side at a torsional vibration damper, e.g., a dual mass flywheel. Supporting elements 48 a are radially movably guided at this deflection mass carrier 32 a in radially extending guide openings 46 a and are acted upon radially inwardly in direction of a basic position by pre-loading springs 50 a, which are radially outwardly supported at the deflection mass carrier 32 a and formed in this instance as coil compression springs. An annular deflection mass 42 a radially outwardly surrounding the deflection mass carrier 32 a substantially provides a deflection mass arrangement 44 a from which a restoring element 54 a formed, for example, as a leaf spring extends radially inwardly through the respective pre-loading spring 50 a so as to be associated with the supporting element 48 a. The restoring elements 50 a are fixed by their radially outer region to the deflection mass 42 a in a deflection mass supporting region in each instance. They are supported in their radially inner region in circumferential direction at the respective associated supporting elements 48 a in a carrier support region. A supporting element 48 a, together with the pre-loading spring 50 a associated with it and a respective restoring element 54 a, forms a deflection mass pendulum unit 56 a, and a common deflection mass 42 a or deflection mass arrangement 44 a is associated with all of the deflection mass pendulum units 56 a in the embodiment example shown in FIG. 7. In rotational operation, rotational irregularities cause the deflection mass arrangement 44 a to undergo a circumferential acceleration with respect to the deflection mass carrier 32 a. The deflection mass arrangement 44 a is supported via the restoring elements 54 a formed, for example, as leaf springs at the supporting elements 48 a and, via the latter, at the deflection mass carrier 32 a. Owing to the spring characteristics of the restoring elements 54 a, the deflection mass arrangement 44 a is basically pre-loaded in a basic relative position with respect to the deflection mass carrier 44 a. Accordingly, a vibration system is formed that has a natural frequency depending on the mass inertia or mass moment of inertia of the deflection mass arrangement 44 a and the stiffness produced by the totality of restoring elements 54 a. In rotational operation, the supporting elements 48 a are subject to the action of centrifugal force so that they are basically acted upon radially outwardly against the restoring force of the pre-loading springs 50 a. When the pre-loading springs 50 a are kept pre-loaded, for example, when supporting elements 48 a are positioned in the basic position, a determined minimum rotational speed is required to overcome this pre-loading action by the corresponding centrifugal force. If this minimum rotational speed is exceeded, the centrifugal force is sufficient to shift the supporting elements 48 a radially outward against the restoring action of the pre-loading springs 50 a. However, in so doing the region at which the restoring elements 54 a can be supported with respect to the deflection mass carrier 32 a also shifts radially outward. This in turn has the result that the free length of the restoring elements 54 a decreases as the rotational speed increases so that the stiffness and therefore also the natural frequency of the aforementioned vibration system increases. This type of shifting of the natural frequency can persist up to an upper limiting rotational speed at which it is impossible for the supporting elements 48 a to shift any farther radially outward, for example, because the pre-loading springs 50 a are fully compressed or because stops take effect. In the rotational speed range in which a centrifugal force-dependent radial shifting of the supporting elements 48 a is possible, the mass damper 14 a actually acts as a speed-adaptive damper which can be tuned to an excitation order. If the rotational speed is too low or too high, i.e., if the supporting elements 48 a are essentially held so as to be immovable radially, a rotational speed adaptation of the natural frequency does not take place, so that the vibration system acts as a fixed-frequency damper under these conditions. Tuning to a plurality of orders is also possible in the construction shown in FIG. 7, for example, in that a plurality of mass dampers of this kind provided with respective carriers, deflection mass arrangements or deflection mass pendulum units are tuned to different excitation orders. FIG. 8 illustrates an example in which it is possible to tune to a plurality of excitation orders in a speed-adaptive damper 14 a or within a range of rotational speeds of speed-adaptive damper 14 a. FIG. 8 shows differently configured deflection mass pendulum units 56 a. They differ from one another, for example, with respect to the deflection mass 42 a and 42 a′, respectively, in that deflection mass 42 a′ has a larger mass than deflection mass 42 a. The deflection mass pendulum units 56 a also differ from one another with respect to the configuration of the supporting elements 48 a and 48 a′, respectively, in that supporting elements 48 a′ have a larger mass than supporting elements 48 a. Through the selection of mass ratios, influence can be exerted on the rotational speed and, therefore, on the centrifugal force-dependent change in the radial position of the supporting elements and, therefore, on the stiffness of the restoring elements as well as on the mass moment of inertia of the deflection mass arrangements 44 a and 44 a′ provided by the totality of respective deflection masses 42 a and 42 a′. Thus a portion of the deflection mass pendulum units 56 a can be formed for tuning to a predetermined order, and the totality of deflection masses of these deflection mass pendulum units 56 a can then provide a deflection mass arrangement to be taken into consideration for this order. Another portion of the deflection mass pendulum units 56 a can be tuned for a different exciting order. An example for tuning to different exciting orders is shown in FIGS. 9 and 10. A plurality of deflection mass pendulum units 56 a and 56 a′, respectively, are provided in this embodiment example, wherein the deflection mass units 56 a have a common annular deflection mass 42 a and, therefore, deflection mass arrangement 44 a, while deflection mass pendulum units 56 a also have a common annular deflection mass 42 a′ and, therefore, deflection mass arrangement 44 a′. It is possible to tune the two groups of deflection mass pendulum units 56 a and 56 a′ to respective excitation orders, for example, by different configuration, i.e., dimensioning, of annular deflection masses 42 a, 42 a′, by different configuration or dimensioning of supporting elements 48 a and 48 a′, by different configuration of the restoring elements 54 a and 54 a′ and by different configuration of pre-loading springs 50 a and 50 a′. In the embodiment forms described above in which a torsional vibration damping arrangement 10 comprises a deflection mass pendulum arrangement, i.e., for example, a speed-adaptive damper 14, combined with a torsional vibration damper 12, the primary side 16 or primary-side mass can basically be regarded as a flywheel mass arrangement which is coupled via a stiffness, namely, the damper element arrangement 24, to the deflection mass pendulum unit(s), particularly the deflection mass carrier 32 a. The latter is coupled in turn to the deflection mass arrangement(s) 44, 44 a via a stiffness provided by coupling elements 50 or restoring elements 54 a. The transfer function of a drive system of this kind and of the vibration systems contained therein is shown once again in FIG. 11 in a manner corresponding to FIG. 4. The transfer function shows the ratio between an output-side vibration quantity, i.e., for example, rotational acceleration, rotational angular velocity or the like, and a corresponding input-side vibration quantity. A value of zero or near zero represents an ideal decoupling in which there are practically no vibrations on the output side. In FIG. 11, curve K₁ represents the transfer function of the flywheel mass arrangement, e.g., as primary side 16, plotted over the ratio of the excitation quantity to the resonance of the vibration system. The damper frequency of the flywheel mass arrangement at which there are essentially no vibrations on the output side, i.e., after the stiffness provided by damper element arrangement 24, is at the value of 1. Curve K₂ represents, in relation to curve K₁, the transfer function of the respective active deflection mass arrangement which, generally speaking, can be referred to in principle as damper mass. It will be seen that at resonance 1 curve K₂ has a value diverging from 0 because, ultimately, to achieve the complete cancellation of vibrations that occurs ideally at resonance the deflection masses or deflection mass arrangement are or is fundamentally in an oscillating condition. Curves K₁ and K₂ illustrate an embodiment example in which a comparatively heavy flywheel mass arrangement cooperates with a comparatively light deflection mass arrangement. As has already been stated referring to FIG. 4, two spurious resonances develop in addition to the resonance at X-value 1, which is generally present with ideal tuning to an excitation order. When changing to a different operating mode, for example, an operating mode with a smaller number of operating cylinders, for example, half of the cylinders, the critical order shifts; when the quantity of cylinders is halved, a state occurs in which the ratio 0.5 on the X axis is critical. However, since this is equally far from the spurious resonances in curves K₁ and K₂, there is also practically no risk in this case of an excessive increase in vibrations due to a vibration system that is no longer correctly tuned to an order. In this state, a differently tuned vibration system or a different speed-adaptive damper can then take effect in order to achieve an efficient damping. Curves K₃ and K₄ illustrate the transfer functions of the flywheel mass arrangement or deflection mass arrangement for the case where a comparatively light flywheel mass is combined with a comparatively heavy deflection mass arrangement or damper mass. With the same tuning to a determined exciting order, it will be noted that the spurious resonances which also occur in this case lie appreciably farther apart so that, in this case too, changing to an operating mode with a different performance capability, particularly a lower performance capability, in which the critical excitation order is, for example, the first order and no longer the second order, also does not have the result that a spurious resonance is encountered so that an excessive increase in vibration could take place. Taking into account these transfer functions illustrated in FIG. 11, it is useful in accordance with a particularly advantageous aspect of the invention that a ratio between the mass moment of inertia of a respective acting deflection mass arrangement provided, for example, by the totality of deflection masses acting in association with an exciting order, to the mass moment of inertia of the flywheel mass arrangement, i.e., for example, the primary side 16 of the torsional vibration damper 12 shown in FIG. 5, is less than 90%, preferably less than 50%, which corresponds to curves K₁ and K₂ in FIG. 11, or is greater than 110%, preferably 200%, which is illustrated by curves K₂ and K₄ in FIG. 11. Accordingly, when changing between operating modes of different performance capability, the fact that different excitation orders in these different operating modes are variously critical can be prevented from leading to the result that a spurious resonance of a speed-adaptive damper is encountered in an operating mode which was previously uncritical but which becomes critical when a new operating mode is adopted. Alternatively or in addition, it can be provided that respective specially tuned deflection mass pendulum units, i.e., speed-adaptive dampers, are provided for different excitation orders which are to be assessed as differently critical in different operating modes. It should be mentioned once again in this connection that this tuning to different excitation orders can be carried out by providing structurally separate units, or a plurality of deflection mass pendulum units of different configurations can be combined in order to find a tuning to different orders. Based on the construction principle which was described with reference to FIG. 8, for example, FIG. 12 shows a fixed-frequency damper 60 with a plurality of deflection mass pendulum units 62, each having a deflection mass 64 and a restoring element 68 which is supported at a deflection mass carrier 66 and which carries the deflection mass 64. This restoring element 68, which is formed, for example, as a leaf spring pre-loads the deflection mass 64 in a basic relative position with respect to the deflection mass carrier 66 so that a spring-mass pendulum unit is formed in which it is possible to tune to a determined exciting frequency by means of the stiffness of the restoring element on the one hand and the selection of the mass of the respective deflection mass 64 on the other hand. As is illustrated in FIG. 12, deflection mass pendulum units 62 of this kind can be configured differently in order to achieve tuning to different exciting frequencies. The identically configured deflection mass pendulum units 62 together with their respective deflection masses 64 form a deflection mass arrangement 65, which is effective for a respective frequency. A fixed-frequency damper 60 of this kind can be combined with the damping features described above for more extensive damping in order to achieve an additional damping particularly in rotational speed ranges in which a speed-adaptive damper can no longer be sufficiently effective owing to constructional aspects. When suitably tuned, a fixed-frequency damper 60 of this kind could also be tuned to different particularly critical frequencies also in association with different operating modes so as to ensure that expected particularly critical excitation frequencies can be efficiently damped in an adjusted operating mode. This means that the combination of a fixed-frequency damper 60 such as that illustrated in FIG. 12 with an internal combustion engine with variable operating modes can also provide by itself for an efficient absorption or damping of vibrations also when switching between different operating modes. Thus, while there have shown and described and pointed out fundamental novel features of the invention as applied to a preferred embodiment thereof, it will be understood that various omissions and substitutions and changes in the form and details of the devices illustrated, and in their operation, may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, it is expressly intended that all combinations of those elements and/or method steps which perform substantially the same function in substantially the same way to achieve the same results are within the scope of the invention. Moreover, it should be recognized that structures and/or elements and/or method steps shown and/or described in connection with any disclosed form or embodiment of the invention may be incorporated in any other disclosed or described or suggested form or embodiment as a general matter of design choice. It is the intention, therefore, to be limited only as indicated by the scope of the claims appended hereto. The invention claimed is: 1. 2. The drive system according to claim 1, wherein a mass moment of inertia of the deflection mass arrangement (44; 44 a; 65) is either less than 90% of a mass moment of inertia of the flywheel mass arrangement (16) or is greater than 110% of the mass moment of inertia of the flywheel mass arrangement (16). 3. The drive system according to claim 1, wherein a mass moment of inertia of the deflection mass arrangement (44; 44 a; 65) is either less than 75% of the mass moment of inertia of the flywheel mass arrangement (16) or is greater than 150%, of a mass moment of inertia of the flywheel mass arrangement (16). 4. The drive system according to claim 1, wherein a mass moment of inertia of the deflection mass arrangement (44; 44 a; 65) is either less than 50% of a mass moment of inertia of the flywheel mass arrangement (16), or is greater than 200% of the mass moment of inertia of the flywheel mass arrangement (16). 5. The drive system according to claim 1, wherein at least two deflection mass pendulum units (56 a, 56 a′) are differently configured in association with different excitation orders. 6. The drive system according to claim 5, wherein at least two deflection mass pendulum units (56 a, 56 a′) are provided in association with at least one excitation order. 7. The drive system according to claim 1, wherein the operating modes include a first operating state in which all cylinders of the engine are in operation and at least a second operating state in which only some of the cylinders of the engine are in operation. 8. The drive system according to claim 1, wherein the operating modes include a two-cycle operation and a four-cycle operation. 9. The drive system according to claim 1, wherein at least one guide path (46, 48) with a vertex region is provided at the deflection mass carrier (32) and/or at the deflection mass arrangement (44), and the deflection mass coupling arrangement (50) comprises a coupling element (50) movable along the guide path (46, 48), wherein when the deflection mass arrangement (44) is deflected out of the basic relative position with respect to the deflection mass carrier (32 a) the coupling element (50) moves starting from the vertex region of the guide path (46) provided in the deflection mass carrier (32) and/or of the guide path (48) provided in the deflection mass arrangement (44). 10. The drive system according to claim 1, wherein the at least one deflection mass pendulum unit (62) is formed as a spring-mass pendulum unit, wherein the deflection mass coupling arrangement comprises a spring arrangement (68) which is supported or can be supported with respect to the deflection mass carrier (66) and deflection mass arrangement (65). 11. The drive system according to claim 1, wherein there is further provided a torsional vibration damper (12) with a primary side (16) and a secondary side (22) rotatable around the axis of rotation (A) with respect to the primary side (16) against the action of a damper element arrangement (24), wherein the primary side (16) of the torsional vibration damper (10) preferably essentially provides the flywheel mass arrangement (16), and the secondary side (22) of the torsional vibration damper provides the deflection mass carrier (32). 12. The drive system according to claim 11, wherein the primary side (16) of the torsional vibration damper (12) essentially provides the flywheel mass arrangement (16), and the secondary side (22) of the torsional vibration damper provides the deflection mass carrier (32)..
http://data.theeuropeanlibrary.org/BibliographicResource/3000058959260 http://www.theeuropeanlibrary.org/tel4/newspapers/issue/3000058959260 http://port2.theeuropeanlibrary.org/fcgi-bin/iipsrv2.fcgi?FIF=node-1/image/LFT/Bozner_Nachrichten/1897/07/13/BZN_18970713_01.jp2&wid=200&cvt=jpg http://port2.theeuropeanlibrary.org/fcgi-bin/iipsrv2.fcgi?FIF=node-1/image/LFT/Bozner_Nachrichten/1897/07/13/BZN_18970713_01.jp2&cvt=jpg http://port2.theeuropeanlibrary.org/fcgi-bin/iipsrv2.fcgi?FIF=node-1/image/LFT/Bozner_Nachrichten/1897/07/13/BZN_18970713_02.jp2&wid=200&cvt=jpg http://port2.theeuropeanlibrary.org/fcgi-bin/iipsrv2.fcgi?FIF=node-1/image/LFT/Bozner_Nachrichten/1897/07/13/BZN_18970713_02.jp2&cvt=jpg http://port2.theeuropeanlibrary.org/fcgi-bin/iipsrv2.fcgi?FIF=node-1/image/LFT/Bozner_Nachrichten/1897/07/13/BZN_18970713_03.jp2&wid=200&cvt=jpg http://port2.theeuropeanlibrary.org/fcgi-bin/iipsrv2.fcgi?FIF=node-1/image/LFT/Bozner_Nachrichten/1897/07/13/BZN_18970713_03.jp2&cvt=jpg http://port2.theeuropeanlibrary.org/fcgi-bin/iipsrv2.fcgi?FIF=node-1/image/LFT/Bozner_Nachrichten/1897/07/13/BZN_18970713_04.jp2&wid=200&cvt=jpg http://port2.theeuropeanlibrary.org/fcgi-bin/iipsrv2.fcgi?FIF=node-1/image/LFT/Bozner_Nachrichten/1897/07/13/BZN_18970713_04.jp2&cvt=jpg http://port2.theeuropeanlibrary.org/fcgi-bin/iipsrv2.fcgi?FIF=node-1/image/LFT/Bozner_Nachrichten/1897/07/13/BZN_18970713_05.jp2&wid=200&cvt=jpg http://port2.theeuropeanlibrary.org/fcgi-bin/iipsrv2.fcgi?FIF=node-1/image/LFT/Bozner_Nachrichten/1897/07/13/BZN_18970713_05.jp2&cvt=jpg http://port2.theeuropeanlibrary.org/fcgi-bin/iipsrv2.fcgi?FIF=node-1/image/LFT/Bozner_Nachrichten/1897/07/13/BZN_18970713_06.jp2&wid=200&cvt=jpg http://port2.theeuropeanlibrary.org/fcgi-bin/iipsrv2.fcgi?FIF=node-1/image/LFT/Bozner_Nachrichten/1897/07/13/BZN_18970713_06.jp2&cvt=jpg http://port2.theeuropeanlibrary.org/fcgi-bin/iipsrv2.fcgi?FIF=node-1/image/LFT/Bozner_Nachrichten/1897/07/13/BZN_18970713_07.jp2&wid=200&cvt=jpg http://port2.theeuropeanlibrary.org/fcgi-bin/iipsrv2.fcgi?FIF=node-1/image/LFT/Bozner_Nachrichten/1897/07/13/BZN_18970713_07.jp2&cvt=jpg http://port2.theeuropeanlibrary.org/fcgi-bin/iipsrv2.fcgi?FIF=node-1/image/LFT/Bozner_Nachrichten/1897/07/13/BZN_18970713_08.jp2&wid=200&cvt=jpg http://port2.theeuropeanlibrary.org/fcgi-bin/iipsrv2.fcgi?FIF=node-1/image/LFT/Bozner_Nachrichten/1897/07/13/BZN_18970713_08.jp2&cvt=jpg_1	Europeana	Public Domain	Lezugspreile der tüglieben Busgabe: nzeiger rur und ^wölkmalgreieu . (IX?) /ür Lozeu: hrlich. . . kl. 7.30 lldjshr!. . „ 4.— erteljährl. „ 2.— 5ür Auswärts: Jährlich. . kl. 10.30 tzaldjährl. kl. 3.30 Vierteljährl. .. 2.73 Sedgktwn und MminiltraNon SllM, Illhannsplsy Kr. Sezugspreile der viermaligen Ausgabe: Für Lozen: Jährlich .. kl. 3- Halbjahr!. . „ Z.— Vierteljährl. „ 1.30 5ür Kuswsrtb: Jährlich . . kl. 7.30 halbjährl.. „ 4.20 Vierteljährig „ 2.10 Ar. 13« j Ausgabe täglich-Abe»Äs?V-7Ahr. Dienstag, 1Z. Juli IM? 4. Wochenkalender: Sonntag, den 11. Juli. C 5. Pins I., Papst. Mofttag, -12: Andrä öon Rinn. Dienstag, 13. Anaclet, Margaretha- Mittwoch, 14, Bonaventura, Bischof. Donnerstag. 15. Heinrich, 5?aiser. Freitag, 16. Maria vom Berge. Samstag, 17- : Alexins, Generös. ' - j . " ^ - . - . .. Märkte: 11. Juli. Pnch K. Borgo 2 Tage VK. und landw. Prod. 12.' Mbeins, Welsberg und Getr. 16. Roveredo 3 Tage K. Rnndschan. Bozen, 12. Juli. - Oeperrei ch-Ungarn. Nach dem Kriege. Sämmtliches Blätter besprechen die Depesche des Kaisers an den Sultan. Das „Fremdenblatt" sagt: „Wenn ein Regent^von der hohen Autorität Franz Joseph's angerufen wird, ein entscheidnngsschweveS, Wort zu sprechen, so ist es selbstverständlich, daß ihn dabei die allgemunen Interessen ebenso leiten, wie die besonderen, deren Beurtheilung ihm vorgelegt wird. Das allgemeine Interesse ist das des Friedens zu dessen Wahrung Oesterreich- Ungarn sich mit ganz Europa vereinigte. Die Sicherheit des Friedens wäre aber nicht verbürgt, wenn eiu von Griechen bewohnter thessalischer Gebietstheil an die Türkei wieder zurückgegeben würde. Die Mächte stimmen in der Frage des Friedensschlusses vollkommen überein. Die diesbezügliche Erklärung der Depesche ist doppelt gewichtig. Der Sultan kann sich nunmehr gegenüber der etwas künstlich erregten Meinung seines Landes aus die Autorität eines weisen und selbstlosen, ihm befreundeten Fürsten, sowie aus die Autorität des einmüthigen Europas berufen." Ein Ministerialerlaß über Eisenbahn Unfälle. Das Justiz-Ministerium hat betreffs der Betriebs - Unfälle auf Eisenbahnen an sämmtliche Gerichte folgenden Erlaß gerichtet: „Um das zweckentsprechende Zusammenwirken der politischen Behörden mit den Justizbehörden in jenen Fällen zu fördern, in welchen ein die Anwendung des Unfallversicherungsgesetzes begründender Unfall den politischen Behörden und Justiz behörden Anlaß zum Einschreiten bietet, hat das Ministerium des Innern die politischen Behörden anweisen lassen, falls bei Betriebsunfällen ein Verschulden dritter Personen nicht aus geschlossen ist und sich Anhaltspunkte für eine strafbare Hand lung ergeben, im Sinne des § 84 Str.-Pr.-O. die Anzeige an die Staatsanwaltschaft oder das zuständige Bezirksgericht zu erstatten. Die politischen Behörden sind beauftragt, hiebe! in die Anzeige eine kurze Darstellung des Sachverhaltes auf zunehmen und namentlich jene Momente hervorzuheben, welche den Verdacht einer strafbaren Handlung begründen. Ist die Feststellung der Veranlassung und die Art des Vorfalles an Ort und Stelle noch nicht erfolgt, so hat die politische Behörde .Aem Staatsanwalte h'Aon^ eigeys Mittheilung zu machen. Dös Protocoll über den durch die Sicherheitsbehörde vorge nommenen Augenschein muß für gerichtliche Zwecke verwendbar gemacht werden können. Deutsches Reich. XII. deutsches B u n desschieß en in Nürnberg. Am Samstage wurde das Schießen abge schlossen. Beim Abschiedsmahl leerte Schützenmeister Dall Armi aus München sein Glas auf die nächste Feststadt Dresden und pries hiebei die Einigkeit aller Schützen deutscher Zunge, die jedem Schützenfest ihr Gepräge verleiht und vor Allem bewirkt, daß deutsche Schützen immer wieder gern zusammen kommen. um Feste der Brüderlichkeit und Einigkeit zu feiern. Ein Schützengast ans Dresden, Herr Rettich, dankte im Namen seiner Stadt und wünschte, daß die so oft bewährte deutsche Einigkeit auch in Dresden schönen Erfolg erringe» mö^e. — Italien. Der Bulgar eufürst in Rom. König Hnmbert stattete vorgestern vormittags dem Fürsten von Bul garien einen Besuch ab und überreichte demselben das Collier des Annunciata-Ordens. Der Fürst empfing den Ministerprä sidenten Nudini und den Minister des Aeußern, ViscontiVe- nosta. Abends fand zu Ehren des Fürsten im Quirinal ein Galadiner statt. Der Fürst von Bulgarien begab sich in Begleitung des Generals Orerv nach der Kaserne des 69. Infanterie-Regiments, welches er Revue passiren ließ. Der Minister des Aeußern hatte mit dem Ministerpräsidenten Stoilow am Samstage eine Besprechung.' ' Rußland. Räuberbanden. Die „Nowoje Wremja" meldet aus Nikolskoje: Eine Abtheilung Techniker, welche die Tracierung der ge planten chinesischen Ostbahn vornahmen, wurden in der Mand- „Kox«er Kachrichte«" Nr. tS« schüre! von einer chinesischen Räuberbande überfallen. Die Techniker empfingen die Angreifer mit einer Gewehrsalve. Ein Arbeiter wurde verwundet, drei Räuber, darunter der An führer, sind gefallen. Mehr als 300 Räuber haben sich im Thale festgesetzt und drohen, den Tod ihrer Kameraden zu rächen. Die Arbeiten werden unter dem Schutze von Kosaken fortgesetzt. Die Räuber besitzen gute Gewehre und Munition. Die ungarische Ernte und die Getreidepreise. Der „Pester Lloyd" schreibt: Die officiellen Schätzungen über den Ertrag der diesjährigen Weizenernte, die noch am 1. v. M. ein Quantum von circa 33 Millionen Meter-Centnern annahmen, sind durch die Gewitter und Stürme, welche drei Tage hindurch verschiedene Theile des Landes heimgesucht haben, abermals wesentlich redncirt worden. In kaufmännischen Kreisen setzt man das diesjährige Ernteresultat tief unter die ofsicielle Berechnnug und nimmt höchstens eine Summe von 30 Mill ionen Meter-Centner Weizen als Resultat der Fechsung an, also eine Menge, die einen Export über das gemeinsame Zoll gebiet vollständig ausschließt. Nachdem auch Rmnänien, Serbien und Bulgarien eine Ernte unter Mittel einheimsen, erscheint ein Import aus diesen Ländern ausgeschlossen und ist in Folge dieser Umstände unsere Börse vollständig in das Fahrwasser der Hausse gerathen. Wenn wir die Preise des effectiven Weizens mit denen der vorhergegangenen Jahre vergleichen, finden wir, daß dieselben weit über den Durchschnitt der letzten 15 Jahre stehen und innerhalb dieser Zeit nur in den Jahren 1883 und 1891 übertroffen wurden. Allerdings hatten wir seit vielen Jahren ein ähnlich ungünstiges Erträgniß nicht zu verzeichnen. Dem deutschen Schützen! (Aus der Festzeitung für das 12. deutsche Bundesschießen.) Der Zwietracht unheilvolle Macht, Die Feigheit und die Niedertracht — Trefft sie ins Herz! Den gelben Neid, die falsche That, Den schwarzen Haß, den schlimmen Rath — Trefft sie ins Herz! Den frechen Spott, den giftigen Zwist, Der Lüge Brüt, die arge List - Trefft sie ins Herz! Die Langweil, den Kummer schwer. Der Sorgen ungezähltes Heer — Trefft sie ins Herz! Den Griesgram, der uns traurig macht. Den Kater nach durchzechter Nacht — Trefft sie ins Herz! Die Mädchen aller deutschen Gan'n, Mit Augen blau und Augen braun — Die trefft ins Herz! Rudolf Geck. Telegraphie ohne Draht. Im kön. italienischen Marine-Ministerium wurden, wie der „Frank. Ztg." mitgetheilt wird, interessante Versnche mil Mar- coni's drahtlosem Telegraphen angestellt. Im dritten Stockwerke des Ministeriums befand sich das Aufgabeamt des Telegraphen, im ersten Stockwerke das Empfangsamt. Die beiden Apparate waren durch keine» Leitungsdraht verbunden, sondern durch die Wände und Decken des Gebäudes vollständig von einander ge trennt. Nun wurde oben mit Hilfe der Morse-Maschine das Telegramm: „NLmstsw dslla Narina" aufgegeben. Der zwei Stockwerke weiter unten aufgestellte Apparat empfiing das Telegramm und fertigte es richtig in Morse'schcn Zeichen ans. Die Aeußerungen des Erfinders lassen erkennen, daß sein Ap parat auf einer Entdeckung des deutschen Gelehrten Heinrich Hertz beruht. Hertz zeigte, daß die Fortpflanzung der electro« dynamischen und Jndnktions-Wirkungen in ganz ähnlicher Weise vor sich gehe wie die Fortpflanzung des Lichtes und des Schalles. , Hertz zeigte auch, daß die elektrischen Wellen durch Wände und Thüren nickt ausgehalten werden, sondern bloß durch elektrische Leiter, also vorzüglich durch Metalle. Hält man sich alles dies vor Augen, so erkennt man, daß Marconi's Telegraph eine direkte Anwendung der Herrschen Entdeckungen ist. Auf seiner Aufgabestation erzeugt Markoni elektrische Wellen. Unter Zu hilfenahme eines Morse-Apparatcs kann man diesen Vorgang längere oder kürzere Zeit andauern lassen. Die elektrischen Wellen durchdringen die Wände und Fußböden, gelangen zu der Em pfangsstation und erzeugen dort elektrische Vorgänge, die der Morseapparat aufzeichnet. Der deutsche Gelehrte vermochte die Feruwirkung der elektrodynamischen und Jnductious-Vorgänge bis auf eine Distanz von 20 Metern nack zuweisen. Marconi hat bisher nur solche Experimente vorgeführt, in denen Auf gabe- und Empfangsapparat nur wenige Meter von einander entfernt waren. Nr. RStt K-x«e r Ein Jahresrückblick. Genau ein Jahr, ist verflossen, seitdem eine kleine Anzahl Grazer Damen und Herren unter dem Titel „Oesterreichischer Bund der Vogelsreunde" eine Corporation gründeten, welcher es Geschieden war. sich in einer kurzen Spanne Zeit zu einer der bedeutendsten und populärsten aller Vereinigungen unserer Gesammtmonarchie heranzubilden. Binnen Jahresfrist 40.000 Mitglieder! Forschen wir nach den Ursachen eines solchen, fast beispiellosen Riesenerfolges, so dünkt es uns, als hätten wir vor allem zwei derselben zu beachten. In erster Linie ist es die aus den Statuten der Vereinigung ersichtliche, durch den Gründer des Bundes Herrn Schriftsteller Rndolf Bcrger geschaffene vortreffliche Organisation, welche Jedermann den Eintritt ermöglicht und die leitenden Gedanken in fast 1200 Ortschaften getragen hat, in zweiter Linie gebürt das Verdienst dem rastlosen Streben des genannten Leiters der deutschen Abtheilung, ferner der Präsidentinnen Generalin M. v?n Schräm und Oberstlieutenantsgattin von Wolter, Herr Emanuel Marting in Cilli, Frau Dorothee Edle von Brno! in Trieft und anderen wackeren Vorstandsmitgliedern und Buudessührern. Die Genannten finden wohl den schönsten Lohn für ihre Bemühungen in dem erhebenden Bewußtsein, daß es Ihnen gelungen ist, dem Gedanken des Vogelschutzes in der ganzen Monarchie Ausdruck verliehen zu haben, in dem segenbringenden Einfluß auf das Gemüth von vielen taufenden von Schulkindern und in der thatsächlichen großen Hilfe, welche der bedrängten Vogelwelt durch Schaffung von Nist- und Futterplätzen, sowie durch behördliche Erlässe geboten worden ist und andauernd geboten wird. H>Aus dem Berichte über die Thätigkeit des Bundes im ersten Halbjahre 1897 hrbcu wir die Angaben über die Ein nahmen und Ausgaben des Bundes hervor. Die Einnahmen in den ersten sechs Monaten des Jahres betrugen demzufolge 5153.48 fl. Sie zerfallen in Mitgliederbeiträge mit 4734.98 fl. Spenden 165 fl. Eingang an Vortragsabenden in Graz 221.45 fl. und Diverses 32-05 fl. Dem gegenüber stehen als Ansgaben und zum Ausgleiche : Druckereien 1566.08 fl., Porti 553.99 fl,, Wandersekretär 898.40 fl. Grazer Vortragsver- sammlung 174.36 fl., Honorar für Vereinsdiener und Ange stellte 269.52 fl., Verbreitung von Drucksachen 101.68 fl. Nistkastenmodelle 31.13 fl.. Diverses 167.98 fl. Sparkassaeinlage 1000 fl. und baar 888.34 fl. Um zn ermessen, wieviel diese Corporation für die allgemeine Gesittung auf Grund eines gewöhnlichen Jahresmitgliederbeitrages von nur zwanzig Kreuzern geleistet hat, werfen wir einen Blick auf die Vortragsstatistik des Bundes. Ihr zufolge wurden in Graz, als Sitz des Bundes. 7 Versammlungen abgehalten, die zusammen von 1190 Personen besucht waren, der Wandersekretär hielt sechs Versammlungen in Steiermark (Besuch 323 Personen), acht Versammlungen in Niederösterreich (323 Personen), drei Ver sammlungen in Mähren (540 Personen) und 34 Versammlungen in Böhmen (2170 Personen) ab. Daneben aber sprach Herr Rudolf Olt oft in den Schulen auf Wunsch der Schuldirektoren vor versammelter Kinderschaar, und zwar hörten diese Schul- vorträge an in Steiermark 980 Kinder, in Niederösterreich 730, in Böhmen 975, in Summa 11.460 Kinder. Der Same, der auf diese Weise in jugendliche Herzen gestreut wird, muß reich liche Früchte tragen, und wir bekennen mit Freuden, daß der Bund der Bogelfreunde von den ihm vertrauensvoll zugekommenen Gaben den denkbar besten Gebrauch gemacht hat! Rechnet man noch die sechs Vorträge dazu, welche in Maltschach gegen 1000 Personen anhörten und eine Wanderversammlung in Bozen mit 120 Damen und Herren, so ergiebt sich, daß der Bund in einem Jahre bei seinen Vorträgen 17.000 Zuhörer zu vereinigen verstand, gewiß eine imposante Ziffer! Die Hauptagitation des Bundes geschieht natürlich auf dem Wege der Presse. In dem einen Jahre seines Bestandes hat dieser Verein der Erfindung des wackeren Gutenberg treu gehuldigt, hat er doch nicht weniger als 620.430 Druckschriften der verschiedensten Art verbreitet, wobei nicht einmal die in italienischer, flovenischer und czechischer Sprache erschienenen Druckbehelfe berechnet wurden. Glückauf zur nahen Million! Beim Sekretariate liefen nicht weniger als 5200 Einkäufe der verschiedensten Art ein, welche eine Erledigung erheischten und ach richte« S fanden in deren Zahl nichtdeutsche Schriftstücke nicht inbegriffen find. — Dem Bunde traten 40 größere Gesellschaften als Mitglieder bei, darnnter die k. k. mährische Landwirthschafts gesellschaft, die k. k. Landwirthschaftsgesellschaft für Oberösterreich, die Ackerbaugesellschaft in Görz, die k. k. Landwirthschaftsge sellschaft für Kärnten, die k. k. Landwirthschaftsgesellschaft in Salzburg und andere hochangesehene bedeutende Bereinigungen, deren Gefammtmitglieder sich, auf fast 30.000 belaufen und wodurch der große Kreis, welchen der Bund über unsere Monarchie gezogen hat, in schönster Einigkeit geschlossen er scheint. Als unterstützende Mitglieder oder durch Spenden schlössen sich an: die Herzogin von Oldenburg auf Schloß Alt Erlaa, Eisenbahnministersgattin von Gnttenberg, Gräfin Bellegarde, Deutscher Ordeuscomthor Baron Dorth, Frau N. Eichmann in Arnau, Gräfin Mongen in Altmünster, L. C. Erdmann in Eggenberg und andere mehr. Die Eentralleitung hatte Veranlassung 212 Diplome, Anerkennungen und Prämien zu vertheilen. Und so stellt sich das junge Gebäude, welchem wir vom Beginne seiner Entstehung an ansere Sympathien ausgesprochen haben, als ein gewaltiger Bau dar, der unserer Monarchie zur Ehre und allen edeldenkenden Thier- und Menschenfreunden zur Freude gereichen muß und der von den humanen Institutionen, insbesondere den Thierschutzvereinen des Auslandes, mit Bewunderung betrachtet wird. Möge er fortfahren zu blühen und zu gedeihen und seiner Kulturmission nach wie vor in so anerkannt großartiger Weise gerecht werden! Dies unser Wunsch und unsere Gratulation zum Wiegenfeste. In unserer Stadt wird der österreichische Bund der Bogelfreunde durch Herrn Anton Qaiser, k. k. Kanzlist, in würdigster Weise vertreten. Er ist gerne bereit, Auskünfte aller Art zu er- —r—3. Heimathliches. Bozen, 12. Juli Witterungsbericht der Sektion Bozen des D- u. Oe. Alpenvereins vom 12 Juli 1897. Temperst, gestern Abd.9 U. 1- 28 0" Feuchtigkeit 65°/<> „ heute Morg. 8 U. ^ 2? 2° Windrichtung NW „ heute Nachm.2U. s 30-2<> Witterung: schön Barometerstand Früh 8 U. 743 mio Regenmenge v.v ww. Wettertelegromme vom 12. Juli 6 Uhr Früh: Innsbruck schön 5 14° Brenner schön 5 6°, Brixen schön -s- 15° Adelsanerkennung. Der Kaiser hat den altererbten ita lienischen Adel des Advokaten Doctor Josef Vittorelli in Hall als einen österreichischen anzuerkennen und zu bestätigen geruht. Todesfall. Unter zahlreicher Theilnahme der Bevölkerung von Bozen, Gries und 12-Malgreien wurde gestern Abends die Frau Katharina Pitscheider, geb. Maurer, Cafetkrs- gattin dahier, zur letzten Ruhestätte begleitet. Frau Pitscheider, die ein Alter vzn 75 J.ihren erreicht hat, genoß als frühere Gastwirthin zum „Kreuz" in Gries den Ruf einer tüchtigen und stets zuvorkommenden Geschäftsfrau und ist mit ihr eine tüchtige Tiroler Wirthin vom alten Schlag heimgegangen. Armen und Hilfesuchenden gegenüber hatte Frau Pitscheider ein offenes Ohr, ein gutes Herz und eine freigebige Hand. Sie ruhe in Frieden! Interessante Sommerfrischgäste. Die vielgenannte Fürstin Chimai weilt mit ihrem Zigeuner Rigo jetzt in Matrei am Brenner. Sie kleidet sich zur Abwechslung manchmal auch in die bäuerliche Tracht, macht mit Rigo Ausflüge zu Wagen auch nach Innsbruck, besucht das Pradler Bauerntheater, erregt im übrigen die Neugierde des Publikums sehr wenig. Steckbrief gegen Vigil Litterini. Wie wir aus sicherer Quelle erfahren, ist auf die Ergreifung des in der Nacht vom 8. auf 9. l. M. aus der hiesigen Frohnfeste ausgebrochenen Postbetrügers Vigil Litterini eine Prämie von 300 fl. ausgesetzt. Vigil Ätterini wird beschrieben, wie folgt: 166 em. „Bozner Nachrtchtett." RS« Sektion Bozen d?s D u. Oe. A.-B. Dienstag den 13. Juli findet im Cafe Schgraffer eine außerordentliche Generalversammlung statt. Beginn '/s9 Uhr Abends. Tagesordnung: 1. Verifizirung des Berichtes der Generalversammlung vom 13. Jänner 1897. 2. Wahl der Delegirten für die Generalversammlung in Klagenfurt. 3. Mittheilungen an die Mitglieder. Der Ausschuß ersucht die P. Sektionsmitglieder mit Rücksicht auf Punct 2 der Tagesordnung um zahlreiches Er« scheinen. Kaufmännischer Verein. Der „Kaufmännische Berein" veranstaltet am Freitag den 16. ds. im Cne Schgraffer einen Discnssions Abend über das Thema „das ueue Stenergesetz" mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Erwerbsteuer, welcher Abend mit eirem Vortrag des Herrn Bürgermeister Dr. Karl Pe ra thon er über diesen Gegenstand eingeleitet wird. Badegelegenheit bei ermäßigten Preisen hat die Bezirks- Krankenkasse Bozen (Stadt) für ihre Kassenmitglieder erwirkt, so daß dieselben gegen eine in der Kassenkanzlei zu behebende Anweisung nachstehende Bade-Etablissements benutzen können:. Schwimmanstalt in Gries an Sonn- und Feiertagen Vor mittags für 5 kr. Eintritt. Wannenbad zu jeder Tageszeit im Hotel >Badl" in Gries 20 kr. Wannenbad oder Vollbad im Hotel „Greif" täglich Vor mittags von 6—9 Uhr uud 1—2 Uhr Nachmittags je 25 kr. Hiebei hat das sonst übliche Trinkgrld zu entfallen. Unglücksfall in Kollern. Die Jungtnrner des Bozner Turnvereins unternahmen gestern einen Sommeransslug auf den Reggllurg. Auf dem Heimma'-sch nach Bozen machten die flotten Turnbrüder Abends eine Rast in Banernkollern, wo ihnen zu Ehren auch gepöllert wurde. Dabei passirte es einem jungen Manne der Gesellschaft in Folge unvorsichtiger Mani pulation mit einem geladenen Polier, daß er an einer Hand und an einem Fuße wegen Explodnens des Pöllers verletzt wurde. Man führte den Bedanernswerthen noch Abends in's^ Stadtspital nach Bozen. Vom Karerpaß. Das Karerseehotel, das bekanntlich am 5. Juli v. Js. eröffnet worden ist, beherbergt eine stattliche Anzahl sremder Gäste vom In- und Auslande und sind neue Gäste für die nächste Zeit angekündigt. Am 21. Juli wird die Tochter der Frau Kronprinzessin-Witwe, Erzherzogin Elisabeth, mit Be- t leitung und Dienerschaft und zu Beginn des Augustmondes wird deren Mutter, die Frau ErzherzoginStephanie im Karerseehotel eintreffen, um einige Wochen dortselbst zu verweil?». Am gestrigen Sonntage wurde die neu erbaute Kapelle oberhalb des Kareisechotels, zwischen der „Alpenrose" nnd erstgenanntem Fremdenhause feierlich eingeweiht, an welcher Festlichkeit zahlreiche Fremde wie Einheimische theilgenommen haben. Damit ist emcm vielfachen Wnnfche entsprochen worden, da nun jeden Katholiken die Gelegenheit geboten ist, die reli giöse Pflicht zu erfüllen, da man sonst zur Anhörung der Messe nach Welschnosen herabfahren oder gehen mußte. Das Wetter ist zu Ausflügen in dieser Gegend nun außerordentlich günstig und die PostVerbindungen sind sehr beqnem. Redaktionswechsel. Der bisherige Redakteur des „Vorarl berger Volksblatt", Hochw. Herr Wilburger, tritt wieder in die Seelsorge ein. Tiroler Schützen in Nürnberg. Die Tiroler Schützen wurden von reichsdeutschen Genossen außerordentlich aufmerksam behandelt und erzielten auch ehrenreiche Erfolge. Von Boz?n haben sich, wie wir kurz schon einmal den Lesern mittheilten die Herren Anton und Theodor Steinkeller,s Peter Gasser und Johann Pan ^nach Nürnberg begeben. Von einem Theilnehmer am XII. deutschen Buudesschießen in Nürnberg wird uns die folgende Zusammenstellung über die Resultate zur Verfügung gestellt, welche die Tiroler auf den Festscheiben erzielten. Preise erhielten: Ritzl Fr., Fügen 2, Ritzl Jngenuin, Zell 2, Jehle Fritz, Innsbruck 1, Lener Hans, Innsbruck 1, Jnmrhofer Joh., Innsbruck 1, Danzl Fritz, Innsbruck 2, Mersi Al., Inns bruck I, Walde Max, Innsbruck 2, Theuerl Johann, Inns bruck 2; auf der Feldfestscheibe schössen Kellerer, Schwaz 37 Punkte, Außerbrunner, Innsbruck 34 Punkte, Walde Max, Innsbruck 30 Punkte; auf der Standscheibe machten Tiefschüsse: Ritzl Fr., Fügen, 672 Theiler, Mayr Fr., Dorn birn, 674 Theiler, Nenrauther Lorenz, Innsbruck,-1100 Theiler; auf den Feldmeisterscheiben schössen: Danzl Fritz, Innsbruck, 55 Punkte, Walde Max, Innsbruck, 51 Punkte. Ritzl Franz. Fügen, 52 Punkte; auf den Standmeisterscheiben schössen : Danzl Fritz, Innsbruck, 54 Punkte, Lener Hans. Innsbruck, 53 Punkte; auf der Standserienscheibe hat bis jetzt das beste Resultat mit 492 Puukten in 30 Schüssen Fritz Danzl, Inns bruck; das zweitbeste hat Meisterschütze Paul Gröger von Wien mit 490 Punkten. Eine Wagenfahrt über den Jaufen. Die jüngste Nummer der „Mer. Ztg." enthält folgende interessante Notiz: Der erste Wagen über den Jansenpaß dürste dieser Tage infolge einer Wette zwischen zwei bekannten Sportsleuten aus Meran bezw. Obermais den langersehnten direkten Verkehr zwischen Meran und sterzing eröffnen. Es gilt, innerhalb acht Tagen mit einem zweispännigen Viktoria-Wagen von Meran über den Jaufen nach Sterzing, Bozen uud retour nach Meran zu kommen, ohne die Eisenbahn zu benützen. In St. Leonhard soll, dem verfaßten Wettprotokoll entsprechend, der Wagen zerlegt, dessen einzelne Bestandtheile ans vier Saumthiere vertheilt, Polster, Deichsel ?c. mittelst Träger nach Sterzing befördert werden, wogegen die angeschirrten Pserde mit dem Kutscher folgen. In ganz Passeier interessirt man sich auf das lebhafteste über den Au ^gaug dieser Wette, da bei deren Gelingen eine öftere Wiederholung zu er hoffen ist. In St. Leonhard selbst sind alle Vorbereitungen bereits getroffen und h rrt den Theilnehmern an dieser Wette ein festlicher Empfang. Unglücksfall in Innsbruck. Am Freitage abends stürzte im Eingänge des Klosterkasernenhofes in Innsbruck Jager- hauptmann Ca>?perowski vom schengewordeneu Pferde und mußte, an Schläfe und Arm bedenklich verletzt, in feine Wohnung get'agen werden. ^ Nette Bürschchen. Zwei Knaben ans St. Nikolaus (Inns bruck) deren Beschäftigung sonst das Herumlungern und Holz-, „Sammeln" ist, Namens Anton Althnber, 10 Jahre alt, und Florian Pramstaller, 12 Jahre alt, drangen am Donnerstag Abends in den Beyrer'schen Neubau in der Kochstraße, dessen Junekränme gegenwärtig von Herrn Arnold ansgemalt werden, ein und bestrichen mit den herumstehenden F rben, die sie erst untereinander mischten, Hausgang und Zimmerwände. Anch Lehm und Mörtel benützten sie zur Verunzierung "der Küchc und Zimmer. Dann ließen sie laut Meldung des „T. T." noch einige Kleinigkeiten „mitgehen" nnd entfernten sich. Es gelang aber der Polizei, der Buben habhaft zu werden, die hoffentlich einer ansgiebigen Züchtigung entgeaegchen. Ex General Baratieri wurde, wie die italienischen Zei tungen berichten, zu Sermione am Gardasee, wohin er sich über Riva zur Badekur begebe» hat, von der Bevölkerung demon strativ feindlich empfanden. Deserteur. Bei dem Grenzzollamt? in Vernnglio hat sich der italienische Finanzwachmanl' Armando Borghi aus Girgenti in voller Uniform als Deserteur gestellt. In Italien ist be- kanntlich die Finanzwache militärisch organisiert. Interessante Neuigkeiten Selbstmord eines österreichischen Linienschiffs Fähnrichs. Der Linienschisfs-Fähnrich Maximilian Klöckner, der zur Besatzung des österreichisch ungarischen Stationsschiffes, des Kanonenbootes „Hum" in Konstautinopel gehörte, ist in Kiathane an den „Süßen Wässern" von Europa von einer Cavallerie-Patrouille als Leiche aufgefunden worden. Die Erhebungen ergaben, daß Schiffsfähnrich Klöckner durch Selbstmord geendet hatte. Die Giftmorde in Süd-Ungarn. In Folge der Entdeckung der in der Teme.er rumänischen Landgemeinde Szebely vor gefallenen Massengiftmorde sind bisher 17 Exhumirungen vor genommen worden. In neun Fällen ist Arsenikvergiftung constatirt. Das Gutachten des Budapest?? Landeschemikers hat weitere 4 Giftmorde festgestellt. In den Leichenresteu der Bauern Danila, Beta und Turban, der nacheinander verstor benen Gatten der 4fachen Gattenmörderin Maria Nicodeni, Nr Z AH ..Sszner Nachrtchte S wurden große Giftmengen constatirt. Der Giftverkäufer Gyorghe Kacin ist nach Turn-Severin geflüchtet und wurde dort ver duftet. Der Gerichtshof nrgirte. um einer Verschleppung der Untersuchung vorzubeugen, wiederholt seine Auslieferung. Zahlreiche Exhumirungen werden noch erfolgen ; die Unter suchung wurde auf mehrere Gemeinden ausgedehnt. Eine Doppelhinrichtung. Neulich wurden die Eisenbahn- arbeiter Julius Tabbert und Otto Müller aus Neuwedell, die wegen Ermordung des Hilfsweichenstellers Piechocki zum Tode verurtheilt worden waren, vom Scharfrichter Reindel ans Magdeburg in Landsberg a. W. hingerichtet. Im Hofe des Landgerichtes waren ungefähr vierzig Personen anwesend. Auf der Ostseite stand der Richtblock mit der Bank, die Särge waren in einem Raume untergebracht. Punkt 6 Uhr begann das Armensünderglöcklein zu läuten. Müller wurde zuerst vorge führt. Zwei Gefängnisbeamte begleiteten ihn Pfarrer Stannlich schritt hinterher. Vor dem Tische des Staatsanwaltes wurde hslt gemacht. Der Staatsanwalt verlas das Todesurtheil nnd die vom 26 Juni d. I. datierte kaiserliche Ordre, daß der Kaiser von seinem Begnadigungsrechte keinen Gebrauch mache. Währenddessen irrten Müllers Augcn fassungslos, in. der Runde umher. Die Häude waren ihm auf dem Leibe ge fesselt, der Oberkörper entblößt und nur das Jaquet überge hangen. Das Gesicht zeigte eine unnatürliche Nöthe. Auf die Frage des ersten Staatsanwaltes, ob er etwas zu entgegnen habe, brachte er. mühsam ein Nein über die Lippen. Im nächsten Augenblicke hatten ihn die vier Scharsrichtergehilfen gepackt; er lag auf der Bank und Scharfrichter Reindel hatte gleich daranf sein Werk vollbracht. Er meldete dem Staatsanwalt, daß das Urtheil vollstreckt sei. Müller war ein kräftiger Mann, weshalb ein sehr starker Bluterguß folgte. Nichtsdestoweniger war in der kurzen Zeit von fünf Minuten alles beseitigt, was auf die eben vollführte Hinrichtung hinweisen konnte. Der in den Sarg gelegte Körper war mit demselben wieder in den Ranm geschafft, wo er ohne die Leiche vorder gestanden. Jetzt folgte Tappert; er bebte an allen Gliedernder war aschfahl? Als Todesurtheil und kaiserliche Bestätigung verleseu waren, entgegnete er: „Ich möchte, daß mit meinem Collegen Müller dasselbe geschehe, wie mit mir," worauf der Staatsanwalt erwiderte: „Das ist schon geschehen, Müller ist bereits hinge richtet." Dann in der Angst, noch einen Augenblick Leben zu erHaschen, sagte Wabbert: „Ja, die Geldangelegenheiten sind schuld, meine Mutter und meine Frau haben mich beschummelt." Als nun der Staatsanwalt Miene machte, ihn dem Nachrichter zu übergeben, bat er noch: „Ich bitte, meinen besten Freund, den ich gehabt, noch zu grüßen; es ist der Hilfsweichensteller Lubitz."— »Das soll geschehen," erwiderte der erste Staats anwalt. Dann wurde Tabbert dem Scharfrichter übergeben. Zwei Secunden später hörte man das Fallen des Beiles und Reindel konnte wiederum melden, daß das Urtheil vollstreckt sei. Der Rückgang des Fremdenverkehres in Wien Nach den Aufzeichnungen des Wiener Vereines für Stadtinteressen und Fremdenverkehr sind in den Wiener Hotels während des Monats Mai insgesammt 31.873, das ist um 2453 weniger Fremde abgestiegen als im gleicken Monat des Vorjahres. Der Rück« gang ist in erster Linie einem Ausfalle in der Zahl der nach Wien gekommenen Ausländer zuzuschreiben; es kamen nämlich im Monat Mai dieses Jahres 7680 Ausländer nach Wien, um 1281 wenigrr als im Mai vorigen Jahres. Die größte Abnahme zeigt Deutschland mit 286, Amerika mit 256 und Rußland mit 194 Personen. Streichinstrumente aus Aluminium sind kürzlich mit gutem Erfolge zu Paris in Anwendung gebracht worden. Man rühmt — wie das Patentbureau von Karl Fr. Reichelt in Berlin mittheilt — diesen Aluminium-Instrumenten eine gute Klang farbe nach, die besser als jene der hölzernen Instrumente sein soll, was namentlich von den Violinen und bei diesen ganz besonders von den höheren Lagen behauptet wird. Ein neues Mittel zu? Wetterbestimmung. Das Wetter bureau der Vereinigten Staaten hat seit einiger Zeit Drachen und. Aeroplanen benützt, um das Wetter in einer Höhe von einer oder zwei englischen Meilen zn bestimmen. In der Höhe ändert sich die Windrichtung 16 Stunden früher als nahe der Erde. In Folge dessen glaubt das Bureau, das Wetter um 16 Stunden früher als auf die bisherige Methode prophezeihen zu können. Wie eurirt man bitter gewordene Weine. Darüber theilt die „(Zkrolliquö ^.^rieolo clu Oautou Vaaä" aus der Feder des Professor E CHnard folgendes Mittel mit: Er studierte die Veränderung des Weines (es werden zumeist nur Rothweine bitter) wenn sie 2 oder 3 Jahre alt sind und kam hiebe! zu dem Resultate, daß erst, wenn die Krankheit prononcirt ausge sprochen ist, der Zusatz von Hefe vom ersten Abzug von bestem Erfolge begleitet war. Hefe zieht Stoffe an sich und bringt sie am Boden, so daß mit der Klärung auch eine Absonderung der oxhdirbaren Körper oder Diastase, welche das Braunwerden des Weines durch die Oxidati >n bewirkt, geschieht. Der Oxyda tionssitz oder der Ursprung des Ferments liegt im Farbstoffe, lind die Bitterkrankheit selbst wird ans den Luftzutritt zum Weine zurückgeführt. Es ist jedem Praktiker bekannt, daß, wenn man bitteren Wein auf Flaschen füllt, der Bittergeschmack sich viel rascher vermehrt als auf Fässer und dieser Bittergeschmack muß aus dem Weine entfernt werden, soll er gesunden und verkäuflich werden. Professor Chnard versuchte, die vom ersten Abzüge herstammende frische Hefe in der Proportion von 3—5^/g mit dem Weine zu mischen und will sehr günstige Resnltate erzielt haben. Die Hefe muß früher mehrmals mit 4—5facher At'enge frischem Wasser versetzt, gut ausgewaschen werden. Die Hese muß sich jedesmal absetze» und so gereinigt dem Weine zugeführt werden. Sollte keine frische Hefe vor handen sein, so warte man bis zum Herbste oder Wiuter, wo man ja dann in jedem Keller Hefe vom ersten Abzüge genügend zur Verfügung hat. Hohes Alter. In Canada ist David Woodcock in der Provinz Montreal, 118 Jahre alt, gestorben. Er ist bei der Schlacht der „Windm'll" dabeigewesen. Bis zum seinem Ende erfreute sich der Greis des Besitzes aller körperlichen uud gei stigen Fähigkeiten. Brand von Getreidespeichern. Wie aus Budapest berichtet wird, bracb in den ehemals Sigl'schen, jetzt das Eigenthum des Maguatenhausmitgliedes Paul Luczenbacher bildenden Getreidespeichern am Oberen Donauquai ein Feuer aus, welchem die Gebäude sammt den zahlreichen eingelagerten Mehl- und Getreidevorräthen znm Opfer fielen. Der Schade dürfte eine halbe Million Gulden übersteigen. Die angrenzenden Gebäude konuteu gerettet werden. Hagelschlag. In Szathmar ging Samstags ein Hagelschlag nieder, welcher 15 Minnten lang währte. Es fielen Schlossen in der Größe von Nüssen. Der angerichtete Schaden ist ein großer. Schnellzug Petersburg Abbazzia. Das russische Commnni- cationsministerium hat nach Berichten russischer Blätter den Vorstand der Abtheilung für internationale Zugsverbindungen Herrn Perl, nach Wien entsendet, um hier Verhandlungen über die Einführung eines directen Schnellzugsverkehres zwischen Petersburg—Warschau—Wien—Abbazzia und Nizza einzuleiten. Eine hochinteressante Anwendung der Röntgen-Strahlen wird iu Frankreich geplant. Wie nämlich aus Paris ge meldet wird, fanden kürzlich auf dem dortigen Zollamte Experi mente statt, um mittelst der Röntgen-Strahlen eingeführte Ge genstände zu erkennen und zu perificieren. Diese Versuche ergaben positive Resultate und versprechen eine baldige praktische Anwendung bei den Zollrevisionen. Ein spezieller, leicht herzu stellender /lpparat wird es ermöglichen, mit einem raschen Blick den Inhalt eines Gepackstückes zu bestimmen nnd die Entdeckung von Schmuggel zu erleichtern. In den meisten Fällen werden somit die Reisenden künftig ihre Gepäckstücke nicht mehr zu öffnen brauchen. Neueste Post und Telegramme. Znr interpolitischen Lage. Der Abgeordnete Dr. Bärnretther versendet an die Redaktion der Blätter ein Schreiben, in dem er gegenüber der Behauptung des „Pester Lloyd" aus Prag, er habe in die Sprachenverordnnngen Einsicht genommen und sie dem Ministerpräsidenten mit der Bemerkung zurückge stellt, daß vom deutschen Standpunkte dagegen nichts emzu. wenden sei, folgende thatsächliche Richtigstellung. „?tm 30. März »»O o?« -v Machrichte«' Nr. RSS l. I. abends wurde mir ein lithographiertes Exemplar der beiden Sprachenverordnungen für Böhmen zugestellt, nachdem ich die Ermächtigung erhalten hatte, dieselbe einem engeren Kreise von Gesinnungsgenossen vertraulich mitzutheilen: Dies geschah am darauffolgenden Tage in einer Conferenz, an welcher die nachstehenden Persönlichkeiten theilnahmen: Fürst Karl Auersperg, Fürst Rohan, Baro» Oppenheimer, Bärnreither, Demel, Fouruier, Funke, Fürstl, Götz, Haase, Freih. v. Lud- wigslorff, Mauthner, Pergelt, Promber, Graf Stürgkh. In einer mehrstündigen Besprechung wurden die Sprachenverord nungen einer eingehenden Prüfung unterzogen. Das Ergebnis war das einstimmige Urtheil, daß diese Verordnungen, deren Text vor diesem Tage auf deutscher Seite niemanden zu Ge< ficht gekommen war, unannehmbar seien. Jnsbesonders die deutschböhmischen Abgeordneten erklärten sofort mit aller Be stimmtheit und sehr entschieden, daß die Verordnungen inDeuts.1:- böhmen eiuen Sturm heraufbeschöreu würden und daß sie ge nöthigt sein würden, jeder Regierung, welche dieselben veröf fentlichen würde, die rücksichtsloseste und schärfste Oppositiou zu machen. Von diesem Ergebnis wurde der Ministerpräsident am folgenden Tace vormittags durch folgende Herren: Fürsten Karl Auersperg, Fürsten Rohan, Bärnreithei, Ludwigstorff, Dr. Promber und Grafen Stürgkh in formeller Weise in Kenmnis gesetzt und der entschiedene, leider vergebliche Versuch gemacht, den Ministerpräsidenten zu bewegen, die Verordnungen nicht zu publiciren, sondern seine Bemühungen dafür einzusetzen, über die Sprachenfrage eine Einigung zwischen den Vertretern beider Volksstämme zu erzielen. Die am Samstage in Eger versammelten Landtags- und Reichsrathsabgeordneten haben eine Knndmachnng an das deutsche Volk in Böhmen erlassen und über das Verbot des deutschen Volkstages berathen, ein Verbot, welches es den deutschen Abgeordneten unmöglich mache, die durch die Sprachen- zwangsverordnungeu geschaffene Lage zu besprechen. Die Abge. ordneten beschlossen, m't allen gesetzlich zulässigen Mitteln die Regierung zu bekämpfen, auf daß dem deutschen Volke sein gutes Recht werde, denn Regierungen kommen und vergehen, das Recht aber werde bestehen. Wien, 1l. Juli. Die „Wiener Abendpost" veröffentlicht die über Anregung des Ministeriums für Cultus und Unter richt im Interesse der Erhaltung der heimischen Kunst- und historischen Denkmäler von den Ministerien des Handels, der Justiz, der Finanzen und des Ackerbaues, sowie vom Reichs kriegsministerium getroffenen Maßnahmen. Kis Tapolscani, 12. Juli. Gestern fand die Taufe der neugeborenen Erzherzogin statt. Sie erhielt die Namen Gisela, Augusta, Anna, Maria. Den Taufact vollzog Fürst-Primas Vaszary, Tauspathin war Prinzessin Gisela. Fiume, 11. Juli. In Buccari wurde ein 5 Meter langer und 200 Kilogramm schwerer Fahnenfisch gefangen. Das Prächtige Exemplar wnrde nach Trieft gesandt. Paris, 10. Juli. Weizen . Korn . . Gerste Hafer. . Mais . . Heidekorn 210 2.00 0.— 1.75 1.70 0.— 1.15 0.— 0.— 1.10 1.08 1.05 1.40 135 1.25 1.80 1.70 1.65 Summa der verkauften Viertel-Hectol. verk. 40 20 8 40 80 50 238 Ankuufts- «nd Abfahrtszeiten von Dozen-Gries (Giltig vom 1. Juni 1897.) Ankunft von Verona: Pers.Zug 27*) Früh 8.0 Schnell-Zug 1, Früh 3.25 Personenzug 13, Vm. (Arco) 10.45 Personenzug 19, Nach. (Arco) 3.34 Schnellzug 3, Abend (Arco) 4.16 Personenzug 23, Abends 6.5k Schnellzug 5 Abmds (Arco) 9.15 Postzug 9, Nchts. (Arco) 12.28 ») Nur an Samstagen. Abfahrt nach Franzensfeste: Personenzug 17, Früh 6.— Schnellzug 1, Früh 8.37 Personenzug 13, Vorm. 11.— Personenzug 19, Nachm. 3.43 Schnellzug 3, Nachm, 4.21 Personenzug 23, Abends 7.15 Schnellzug 5, Abends 9.40 Poftzug 9, Nachts 12.45 Abfahrt nach Meran» Früh Vormittags Mittags Nachmittag Nachmittag Abends 6.30 8.54 12.10 1.55 5.15 7.38 Aukunft vo» Fra»!e.»sfe,7- Schnellzug 6, Früh 5.53 Personenzug 14, Vorm. 8.03 Personenzug 20, Mittag 12.03 Schnellzug 4, Nachm. 1.43 Postzug 10, Nachm. 4 ,40 Schnellzug 2, Abends 7.14 Personenzug, Ab:nds 9.18 Personenzug 18, Abends 10.49 Abfahrt nach Verona: Schnellzug 6, Früh (Arco) 6.11 Personenzug 14,Früh 8.28 Schnellzug 20, Nach. (Arco) 12.22 Schnellzug 4, Nachm. (Arcd) 1.53 Postzug 10, Nachm. (Arcr) 5.0! Schnellzug 2. Abend 7..!t Personenzug 22, Nachm. (Arco) 8.05 Ankunft von Meran: Früh 7.57 Vormmittags 10.22 VormmittagS 11.46 Nachmittags 4.05 Nachmittags 6.3-i Abends 9.30 Ur. tSS ^ ^ ,,K«k«« Roman aus der Polrizierwelt von Noel Karin. (184. Fortsetzung.) Sie schnellte gleichsam empor. Nein, sie mußte gehen, trotz ihres Vorsatzes! Sie müßte seinem Rufe Folge leisten. Er Hütte das rechte Mittel gewählt, sie dazu zu zwingen, — wie er sie schließlich zu allem zwingen konnte. Ein Blick auf die Uhr belehrte sie, daß fast eine Stunde vergangen war, seit Hermione sie verlassen hatte. Alle schliefen unzweifelhaft bereits. Und je eher sie ging, desto besser war es, desto eher wälzte sie von sich den Alp, der ihr auf der Seele lastete. Denn in dieser Nacht mußte es zu einem Ende zwischen ihnen beiden kommen. Mit hochklopfendem Herzen hüllte sie sich in einen Mantel, Hessen Kapuze sie über ihren Kopf zog, und verließ ihr Zimmer und wenige Augenblicke später auch das Haus. Lautlose Nocht- stille empfing sie draußen. In Dämmerheüe lag alles vor ihren Augen da. Der Mond stand von weißlichen Gewölk leicht verschleiert. M erschien ihr wie ein Trost, daß die Nacht nicht ganz dunkel war. Daß sie vom Hause aus beobachtet werden könnte, kam ihr picht in den Sinn. Ein un willkürlicher Blick, den sie zu rückwarf, überzeugte sie zudem, daß das ganze Haus licht los dalag. Lichtlos, ja, aber dennoch nicht schlafend. Von einem Fenster aus überwachten zwei katzenscharse Augen mit trium phierendem Blick, wie sie das Haus verließ, und ebenso ver folgten dieselben Augen, wie Plötzlich eine andere Gestalt an die erstere herantrat und mit dieser dem Flusse zu davoneilte. > Mit einem halben Aufschrei glitt Paula von dem Stuhle, auf dem sie gekniet und alles beobachtet hatte, herab. Sie hatte «sich vorgenommen, fortan gut acht zu geben, bis sie irgend et- zwas entdecken würde. Denn sie hatte in der vergangenen Nacht Mes andere denn genachtwandelt. Sie hatte vielmehr einzig spioniert und darum eine ihrer hübschen Komödien zum besten ge geben. Daß ihr nun so bald ein so eklatanter Erfolg werden »sollte, hatte sie zu allerletzt erwartet. Denn dieser Erfolg überstieg ihre kühnstne Hoffnungen. Nun aber galt es, sich diese goldige Gelegenheit auch nicht entschlüpfen zu lassen, sondern unverweilt zu handeln. Ueber das Wie war sie sich im Nu klar. Einen Mantel über ihr weißes Nachtkleid werfend, schloß sie laut und hörbar ihr Gemach auf und stürzte über iden Korridor und die Treppe hinab nach dem Zimmer -Johann Christian's, hier mit Ungestüm an die Thür pochend. ! „Wer ist da? Ist etwas geschehen?" tönte die erschreckte Frage von innen. Nachrtchte«" 6 „Nein!" entschied er sich kurz. „So laß mich dich wenigstens begleiten!" bat sie. „Meinetwegen!"-stieß er aus. „Das heißt, nur, damit du mir erzählen kannst, wie du diese Entdeckung, der ich vorderhand noch mißtraue, gemacht hast!" Sie hatte Mühe, mit ihm Schritt zu hallen. Sehr leicht dagegen fiel es ihr, ihm ein ganzes Märchen von furchtbar er regten Nerven, welche sie durch den Blick in die stille Nacht habe beruhigen wollen, vorzudichten und ihre Beobachtung als etwas ganz Natürliches plausibel zu machen. Er hörte sie ohne besonders vielen Glauben an. Ohne rechtes Wissen aber folgte er ihr auf dem Wege, den sie ihn führte. So gelangten beide an der Stelle an den Strom, wo der Pavillon lag. Siegesgewiß schritt Paula auf denselben zu und stieß die Thüren desselben auf. Aber umsonst durchforschte sie mit ihren Katzenaugen den halbdunklen Raum; er war leer. Sie stand wie angewurzelt. Wie, wenn die beiden, deren Bloßstellung sie beabsichtigte, be merkt hätten daß sie verfolgt wurden und in eben die sem Augenblick bereits auf anderm Wege ins Haus zu rückkehrten ? Im selben Moment, daß ihr der Gedanke durchs Hirn blitzte, schlug der Ruf des Großkaufherrn an ihr Ohr: „Ah, da ist sie ja! Gottlob!" Sie folgte der Richtung seines Mickes und sah in der That die Gestalt der Tante von der kleinen Anhöhe Herabkommen, welche in geringer Entfernung von dem Pavillon sich erhob. Mit raschen Schritten eilte Johann Christian auf die Heran kommende zu. „Ich war in großer Sorge um dich!" stieß er aus. „Paula schreckte mich mit dem Ruf aus tiefem Schlafe aus, du seiest in den Garten gegangen und ein fremder Mann sei dir nachgeschlichen! Es war — Gott sei Dank — ein Irrtum!" Er hielt, wie halb fragend, inne. i Anastasia maß die Nichte an Johann Christian's Seite mit großem Blick. „Ein Irrtum, ja," sagte sie, „denn ich habe keinen fremden Menschen gesehen!". Wie geschickt sie sich aus der Affaire zog! Und wie Paula die Lust anwandelte, ihr ins Gesicht zu schleudern, daß es auch gar kein fremder Mensch gewesen sei, sondern daß sie nur zu genau wisse, wer ihr gefolgt wäre. Aber dieselben Bedenken, welche sie davon abstehen ließen, Johann Christian den Brief Arthur's zu zeigen, hinderten sie auch jetzt daran, ihre verbor gene Karte auszuspielen. „Dann muß es ein Schatten gewesen sein," trat sie somit klugerweise den Rückzug an. W s Für die vielen Beweise großer Theilnahme während der kurzen Krankheit der Arau Katharina Mtscheider, D geb. HAcrurer, sowie für die außerordentliche Betheiligung zur letzten Ruhestätte und den vielen Kranzspenden, sagen wir aus tiefgerührten Herzen Allen, besonders der löblichen Gemeindevertretung von Gries und dem hochwürdigen Clerus den tiefgefühltesten Dank. 300 Bozen, 12. Juli 1897. Die tieMuernden Hmterbliebmen. Für Zeichner«. Architekten! fl-aniö8i8vk6 <s «v > s. s sS in der Pspier- u. ZIreiöw.-Zandl. IM Johannsplatz. sehr schöne, kleine, in einem Städchen nahe bei Innsbruck, ist wegen Kränklichkeit des Besitzers an einen tüchtigen Gärtner (kinderlos bevorzugt) günstig zu verpachten. Adresse in der Verwalt. 393 2 1 Ein Lehrmädchen wird unter günstigen Bedingungen in einem Weißwaarengeschäfte aufgenommen. 285 Kostherren werden ausgenommen. Näheres in der Verwaltung d Bl. 299 2 1 W0 MM/Mli ^ kennen epstklsssigen englisckep fsiir'pscjer' finden in <Zeri knsst? kecjeutenc! biüigel'en weisen. Ls^sloge gnstis un6 franko. ^.sctti.uivik'ncc^r. ^3. Vunggl'sben, T3. Kneipp V/a88srkkilast5taIt lelfs üz, U°or«T^iroI Größerer Sommeraufenthalt des Oberinnthales Bahn-, Post- und Telegraphenstation, in 50 Minuten per Bahn von Innsbruck, aus zu erreichen. Eröffnet 1891 «nd durch das ganze Jahr offen. 383 6 3 Besitzer lind Leiter: Dr. I0^ef Maldhart. Isäei- iwcumii! ii. ^ckzkimin^ übeckZen! Ois snsrlcanlit bsston uacl Ivistli: säkiAStko 262 5V 47 f?o!lsn, Wäsczkö- Wsscli- IVlasokinsn, ^uswinctsr stc. üdsrdaupt »Us ^Väsodeiei- ^lasokillsn u. vsiÄtko plupüsklt OvsterroitZd» Ai-össto ki'abl'iic Zäi'llwör L, i(nopp ^vamillo LSrütner» (?SV2ws) LinZer-Ltrasss 8 ?z.usol»äs ^nsr^snauii?sn l ?rs1seourallto xrs.Us! k- oc d> st- a 2». vvtkält Lo°/a k^visvk-üivvi»». . KöolistniöAUlzt» eoavv»triotv»ts ' Mssi^s Z?«rn» v«» 8»kt »»» K»v»t«a» <Vek»vi»Se5»v!». ^ ist 4vin»I,»»I»rI»aLter(tt ^rlsI^sv) vls snivrilcallisczkor „^5est ^uios-. vsrlvikt un6 8e?»vav!»vi» Zi«Kt unä »vnv 32 70 63 vordioäsrt im (Zodrauok (laut ^llvsisuuA) bsi «eliuüIietieG uu6 Ksbt 6as aUZslusilis ^Vot»IdsLll6sll uricl IcrsttZxt «lvrvi» Z5ii»aer. rieZ«0Zi»att I»T «« ist --um I»reiss von 2- 2 ö. xor Masoiis vrdäMioli ia ^potl»vkvi» uoä VroxvrZvo. „?uro", meä.-edem. Institut. Malkireüell !»öi Nüueköll. A.M d « s-ZL ZZ Zberantwottliche SchnjtleiMng, »ruck und «erlag von Gotthard Kerran iun. Bozen, Zohan.tj»platz.
6060449_1	courtlistener	Public Domain	In a proceeding pursuant to CPLR article 78 to compel the 936production of certain documents pursuant to the Freedom of Information Law (Public Officers Law art 6), the New York City Fire Department appeals, as limited by its brief, from so much of a judgment of the Supreme Court, Kings County (Martin, J.), dated May 23, 2013, as directed it to provide the petitioner with legible unredacted copies of all documents inspected by the court in camera. Ordered that the judgment is modified, on the law and in the exercise of discretion, by deleting the provision thereof, in effect, directing the New York City Fire Department to provide the petitioner with residence addresses contained in the documents inspected by the court in camera; as so modified, the judgment is affirmed insofar as appealed from, with costs to the petitioner. The petitioner requested certain documents from the New York City Fire Department (hereinafter the Fire Department), pursuant to the Freedom of Information Law (Public Officers Law art 6 [hereinafter FOIL]). The Fire Department provided the petitioner with copies of the documents, but with numerous items of information redacted. Upon an in camera inspection of unredacted copies of the documents, the Supreme Court directed the Fire Department to provide the petitioner with legible unredacted copies of the subject documents. Under FOIL, government records are “presumptively open” for public inspection and copying, unless they fall within an enumerated statutory exemption of Public Officers Law § 87 (2) (Matter of Gould v New York City Police Dept., 89 NY2d 267, 274 [1996]; see Matter of New York Civ. Liberties Union v City of Schenectady, 2 NY3d 657, 661 [2004]). The exemptions are to be “narrowly construed” so as to ensure maximum public access (Matter of Gould v New York City Police Dept., 89 NY2d at 275 [internal quotation marks omitted]; see Matter of Town of Waterford v New York State Dept. of Envtl. Conservation, 18 NY3d 652, 657 [2012]; Matter of New York Civ. Liberties Union v City of Schenectady, 2 NY3d at 661), and the burden rests on the agency to demonstrate that the requested material in fact qualifies for exemption (see Public Officers Law § 89 [4] [b]; Matter of Town of Waterford v New York State Dept. of Envtl. Conservation, 18 NY3d at 657; Matter of Gould v New York City Police Dept., 89 NY2d at 275). To meet that burden, the agency must “articulate particularized and specific justification” for the nondisclosure at issue (Matter of Fink v Lefkowitz, 47 NY2d 567, 571 [1979]; see Matter of West Harlem Bus. Group v Empire State Dev. Corp., 13 NY3d 882, 885 [2009]; Matter of New York Civ. Liberties Union v City of Schenectady, 2 NY3d 937at 661; Matter of Gould v New York City Police Dept., 89 NY2d at 275). Here, the Fire Department failed to articulate a particularized and specific justification for any of the redacted information at issue, except for the residence addresses contained in the subject documents. The Fire Department’s conclusory assertions that the redacted information, other than residence addresses, fell within a statutory exemption were insufficient to meet its burden of demonstrating that the requested information was exempt from disclosure (see Church of Scientology of N.Y. v State of New York, 46 NY2d 906, 907-908 [1979]; Matter of Baez v Brown, 124 AD3d 881, 883 [2015]; Matter of Jaronczyk v Mangano, 121 AD3d 995, 996 [2014]; Matter of Dilworth v Westchester County Dept. of Correction, 93 AD3d 722, 724 [2012]). However, we conclude that disclosure of the residence addresses contained in the subject documents would constitute an unwarranted invasion of personal privacy (see Public Officers Law §§ 87 [2] [b]; 89 [2]), since, under the circumstances of this case, the privacy interests at stake outweigh the public interest in disclosure of that information (see generally Matter of Massaro v New York State Thruway Auth., 111 AD3d 1001 [2013]; Matter of New York Times Co. v City of N.Y. Police Dept., 103 AD3d 405, 407 [2013]; Matter of Regenhard v City of New York, 102 AD3d 612 [2013]). Thus, we modify the judgment so as to permit redaction of the residence addresses. Skelos, J.P., Balkin, Chambers and Miller, JJ., concur.
historischpolit18grgoog_17	German-PD	Public Domain	nicht die gleiche. Krankheit erfaffe. Sehr abfonderlih und verſchieden⸗ - artig ift darum audy die Praris in Einfegnung gemifchter Ehen. Ab: gefehen von denjenigen gemifjenlofen Prieftern, die den alten Schlen— drian fortfegen, fen hier nur die Rede von den Gewiſſenhaften und ihs rer Praris. In vielen Archipresbyteraten, befonders in Oberſchleſien, fordern die Geiftlihen das Berfprechen der Eatholifchen Kindererzies bung night ausdrüudlich, fondern erkundigen fih nür, ob eine derartige Uebereinkunft getroffen ſey. So ftoßt man nicht mit dem Staatögefege zufammen. Crfolgt auf die Erkundigung eine vernei- nende Antwort, fo werden die Brautleute abgemwiefen. Im bejahenden Falle fucht der Geiftlihe fih hierüber die möglichft größte moralifche Gewißheit zu verfhaffen, und fegnet hierauf unter den nöthigen Beleh⸗ rungen die Ehe ein. In andern Drten geht man noch ftrenger zu Werke. Da der Staat alle vor der Ehe eingegangenen Verfprechen ruͤckſichtlich der Kindererziehung ald null und nichtig erklärt, mithin eine Garantie im ftaatsbürgerlihen Sinne nicht zu erreichen ift, fo - weifen die Geiftlichen ‚jedwede gemifchte Che ab und fuchen fie im Voraus fhon unmoͤglich zu machen. Gluͤcklicher als wir Breslau : Echlefifhen find die Olmuͤtz⸗Schle⸗ ſiſchen, welche im Reobfhüger Kreife wohnen. Die dafige Geiftlichkeit richtet fi) durchgehende nach den Borfchriften der Kirche und wird hierin durch ihre geiftlihe Behörde in Olmuͤtz gehörig vertreten und be- fhüßt. Es find zwar Faͤlle vorgelommen, wo die koͤnigl. preußifche Behörde einige Beiftlihe aufforderfe, fib fchriftlich ‚hierüber zu vers antworten, dabei hat es aber auch fein Bewenden gehabt. Jedenfalls Hofft man jedoch, daf es in dem Breslau-Schleſiſchen Bisthume nie von Seiten des Staates zu Zwangsmaaßregeln kom: - men werde. Hieße dies doch auch alte Staatdgefege umftofen, da fhon Friedrich II., dem man mwahrlid Feine übertriebene Milde gegen die Katholiten zur Laft legen darf, d. d. Berlin den 14. Oktober 1784 beftimmte: daß, wenn die Batholifche Geiftlichkeit ſich weigere, Perfo: nen ihrer Religion mit den Evangelifchen aufzubieten und zu copuliren, alddann die Proclamation blos proteftantifcher Seits gefchehen, auch die Trauung von einem folhen Prediger verrichtet werden folle. Tiele e8 übrigens dem Gouvernement ein, .die unbedingte Einfeg: nung Doch noch zu erzwingen, dann gäbe es auch unter und noch Geiftlihe genug, melde lieber nach Minden oder Magdeburg fid fhleppen als zum Verrathe an ihrer Kirche verführen ließen. Man glaube nur ja nicht: es fen alles fo gefinnt wie der Oberhirt. Unge⸗ treue Diener giebt es zwar in großer Menge noch, die ihre Gewiſſens⸗ 4/ Brieflihe Mittheilungen. 379 ſchuld auf den Bifchof wälzen oder um eitle Ehre und für eine fette Pfruͤnde ihe Gewiflen verkaufen; jedoch auch eine Heilige Priefterphalanr hat fih gebildet, die der Feind vergeblich fih bemühen würde zu durchbrechen; Cie fuͤrchtet Gott mehr als die Menſchen, — und hierin liegt ihr Sieg: Aus dem Haag. „Was der Fremde, der aus Deutfchland Eümmt, hier ſehr ſchwer vermißt, find die Mittel fih zu unterrichten. Die koͤ— nigliche Bibliothek ift reich an älteren Werken, aber hoͤchſt dürftig mit neueren verfehen. Im Haag gibt es, wie Sie wiſſen, Feine Univerfität, die nächfte ift die von Leyden und für Fatholifhe Theologie die zu Wannond (?), vier Efunden vom Haag. Bis jegt habe ich im Klerus noch Feine wifienfchaftlih ausgezeichnete Männer Eennen gelernt, ich glaube jedoch, daß es deren in den Eeminarien und anderwärts gibt. Auch haben wir einige katholiſche Journale. Ueberhaupt aber kann ich ihnen über den Zuftand der Religion in diefem Lande erfreuliche Nach: rihten geben. Die Regierung mifht ſich gegenwärtig in nichts em ‘und die holändifhe Miffion (mir gelten nämlich ald eine von der Propaganda abhängende Miffion) fteht unter der Leitung des päpftli: hen Gefchäftsträgers Abbe Antonurci, der zugleih apoftolifcher Vicarius if. Ein Mann von viel Takt und Klugheit, der während der ganzen Zeit feiner Gefchaftsführung viel Gutes gethan Hat. Wir haben Eeine Bifhöfe und Eeine Pfarrer, es gibt hier nur Kirchen, die man Station nennt, bedient von einem Paftor und einigen Bica: rien, die entweder Weltpriefter find, oder ald Franziskaner, Domini: Paner, Auguftiner, Gefuiten dem regularen Clerus angehören. Die hollaͤndiſche Mſſion zählt gegenwärtig 459 Kirchen, 630 Geiftlihe, 3 Ce: minarien und 500,000 Öläubige. Die legtern betrugen 1814 nur 360,000. Eie haben ſich alfo in einem Zeitraume von 24 Zahren um zwei Vünftel vermehrt. Und was hiebei noch befonders bemerfenswerth erfcheint, ift, Daß ihre Zahl während faft zwei Jahrhunderte beinahe ſtationaͤr fhien, obſchon fie eine Weile nah dem Frieden von Münfter 400,000 zählten. Zu den erwähnten 500,000 Katholifen muß man ferner noch 400,000 in Nordbrabant Hinzu rechnen, die nicht zur hol: ländifhen Miffion gehören, aber niederländifhe Unterthanen find. Wenn man hiezu noch die 400,000 Einwohner der Theile von Lurem: burg und Limburg rechnet, die nah den 24 Artikeln Holland zu: fallen müffen, fo folgt daraus, daß die Zahl der Katholifen den Re formirten die Wage hält. — Ih muß überdieß Hinzufügen, daß ih - den efigiöfen Geift Hier viel foliderer Art als in Deutfhland gefunden habe. Indifferenz und proteftantifirende Lauheit kennt man hier nicht, dagegen zeigt fih viel Eifer in der Uebung der Pflichten, ferupulope 380 Brieflihe Mittheilungen. Genauigfeit in der Beobachtung der Kirchengebote und nicht von je: nen kleinen Pratiquen, die oft unter dem Schatten großer Lafter aufs fproffen und fich vergrößern. Die Vermehrung der Katholiken fchreibt fich übrigens hier nicht yon den gemifchten Chen her, denn diefe verabfcheut man viel mehr und beklagt die, welche wirklid eingegangen werden. Beinahe alle werden von dem reformirten Pfarrer gefchloffen, indem der Clerus feine Vermittlung zur Erlangung einer Dispens von Rom entzieht, um dadurch den Mißbrauch nicht zu vermehren. Wenn man manchmal diefe Dispens auf direktem Wege erhält, fo wird die Che vor dem Eathokifhen Priefter eingegangen, jedoch in einem Zimmer und nicht in einer Kirche. Ueberdieß herrfcht eine große Mildthätigkeit uns ter den Katholiten und der gröfere Theil des Klerus lebt von den Beifteuern, die man für eine Bank in der Kirche zahlt. Wir haben bier fünf Kirchen und ohngefähr 15,000 Katholiken, Amfterdam bes figt 18 Kirchen und 50,000 Katholiten; die Kirchen find alle modern, da die alten mit wenigen Ausnahmen fih in den Händen der Nefor: mirten befinden, Die Jeſuiten wollen eine neue fehr große Kirche bauen.“ Aus diefen Angaben erhellt_zur Genüge, daß durch den Ruͤckfall von Eimburg und Luremburg die Intereſſen der Eatholifchen Kirche nichts weniger als gefährdet find, denn die Holländifche Regierung wird es fchwerlih für raͤthlich finden, ihren zuruͤckgekehrten Unterthanen die religiöfe Freiheit, die fie unter dem Schuge der belgifchen Gonftitution genofen haben, wieder zu entziehen. a gewiſſermaßen dürfte die Miedervereinigung das katholiſche Intereſſe fürdern, indem dadurch die Katholiken auch in Holland eine impofante Macht bilden, die mins der neuen Unterdrüctungsverfuchen bloßgeſtellt iſt. Anders aber vers hält fih die Sache, wenn mir fie von Ceiten des allgemeinen deut: ſchen Intereſſes betrachten. Hier iſt die gaͤnzliche Lostrennung Bel⸗ gienb von dem deutſchen Bunde, wodurch dieſe Wiedervereinigung er⸗ kauft wird, ein großes und ſehr ſchmerzliches Opfer, das wir Holland darbringen. Und in dieſer Beziehung koͤnnen wir in der traurigen Entwicklung der belgiſchen Frage nur die bittere, aber leicht vorzuſe⸗ hende Strafe fuͤr fruͤhere Suͤnden erkennen. Wir ſagen dieß im Intereſſe unſers Vaterlandes, ohne uns im geringſten durch die, jedes rechtliche Gefuͤhl empoͤrenden, unwuͤrdigen Verlaͤumdungen und Scmãhungen der preußiſchen Staatszeitung irren zu laſſen. In den Correspondenzartikeln dieſes Blattes uͤber Belgien ronnen wir nichts ſehen, als die Bornirtheit gehaͤßiger, nur zu bekannter Vorurtheile, Die ſich in den Mantel des Patriotismus huͤllen und jeden ald Vaterlands⸗ verraͤther verſchreien moͤchten, der ihre Verblendung nicht theilt. Das > Briefliche Mittheilungen. 381 Berliner politifhe Wochenblatt hat erft neuerlich in einem Artikel nichts weniger als zu beweifen gefucht, dad Oberhaupt der katholiſchen Kirche fey ein Liberafer und Revolutionär geworden. Bei diefer Gelegene heit jedoch ſieht ſich dies Blatt, defien orthodorer Patriotism Vels gien gegenüber in Berlin wohl nicht verdächtig feyn wird, zu folgens dem Geftändniß über jene Zeit, mo man das Königreich der Niederlande aufbaute, gendthigt: „Man Fann fi nicht verbergen, daß bei den Territorial⸗ Beftimmungen des Wienercongrefied mechanifhe Anfichten eingewirkt haben.“ Das heißt doch wohl, das Geiftige und Lebendige ſey durch die Staatsmechanik beeinträchtigt worden. ‚Mehr den Worz ten als dem Sinne nad) verfhieden hievon war die Aeußerung Meros de's in. der belgifhen Kammer am 15. Februar, wenn er fagte: „Ich bin ein Mann obrigkeitliher Ordnung, ic glaube an die Nothmwendigs keit des Gehorſams; ich achte dad Königthum aufrichtig; ich wünfde aber, daß es auch die Völker achte, die unter der Herrſchaft des Chris" ſtenthums nicht heute diefen, morgen jenen Mächten nad ihrem Bes lieben zugeteilt werden koͤnnen. Ich glaube, daß alle diefe auf einans der folgenden Theilungen der Europäer, ohne Rüdficht auf ihre Praͤ— cedentien und ihre urfprünglichen Anhängligkeiten den fouveränen Haͤu⸗ fern Unglüd bringen werden“. Aud dem Geifte der Staatszeitung, ſcheint es, ſchwebten diefe Bedenken vor. Cie weift fie aber mit den Worten zuruͤck: „Man durfte, da eine neue Verfaſſung allen Nieders lindern diefelben ftaatsbürgerlichen Rechte, Freiheit des Kultus und vollfommene politifhe Gleihftellung der verfchies denen Religionsparteien fihern follte, gewiß nit ohne Grund eine völlige Ausgleihung und Verſoͤhnung yon der Zeit und der wohlwollenden Umſicht der Dranifhen Verwaltung erwarten.“ Die Klagen der Belgier, daß dieſe Verpflihtungen jener Verfaſ— fung der Ausgleihung und Verföpnung nicht erfüllt würden, wurden nicht im Geheimen geführt. Europa fah vor feinen Augen den Kampf ſich entwideln, und fah, wie die Erbitterung der feindlichen Brüder mehr und mehr wuchs. Ja, wenn wir nicht irren, fo war fchon vor der Zuliusrevofution einmal von einer militärifhen Intervention die Rede. Im andern Falle aber, wenn jene Regierung hartnädig auf ihrem fal ſchen Syſtem beftanden wäre, ohne irgend einem Zufpruche Gehör zu geben, dann hätte fie auch die Folgen auf ihren Kopf nehmen müffen, ‚und man hätte bei der Ordnung der belgifhen Angelegenheiten nicht das holländifche, fondern das deutfche Interefie zu befragen gehabt, was die Löfung gewiß bedeutend mobdifizirt härte. Allein hievon geſchah aiht3; man fah dem Brande ruhig zu, ald ob das deutſche Interefie nicht im allermindeften dadurch berührt würde, und ald ob wir Deut: ſche insgeſammt nicht zulegt die Koften der falfchen, engherzigen, egoi⸗ ſtiſchen, hollaͤndiſchen Politit tragen müßten. Ja bis auf den Heu: tigen Tag ſcheinen dem Correspondenten der Staatözeitung, aus fehr begeeiflihen Gründen, die Augen über die Klagen der Belgier und die Zoftbare verfäumte Zeit noch nicht aufgegangen zu ſeyn. Er fhlüpft mit folgender Phrafe darüber hinweg: „Zwar wurden von Seiten der Belgier manderlei Beſchwerden gegen die niederländifhe Regierung vorgebracht — vorzüglich über die’ Erhebung der holländifchen zur offiziellen Sprache, über Bevorzugung der Holländer im öffentlichen Dienfte und über eine ungefeglihe Einwirkung des. Gouvernements auf den Volksunterricht — aber einerfeits fand man diefe Beſchwerden wenig begründet, andererfeits ſchienen fie durch die aus der Vereini—⸗ gung entfpringenden Wortheile bedeutend überwogen zu werden“. Benn dem in der That alfo wäre, dann, follte man denten, müßten doch jegt Die verblendeten Belgier, nah acht Jahren, zur Befonnens peit gekommen fepn, und eingefehen haben, wie ungeredt und undank— bar fie fich gegen ihre frühere Regierung mit ihren ungegründeten Klar Be: bewmiefen, und wie ſehr Die materiellen Vortheile alles aufgewogen ten, was daran allenfalls gegründet gewefen. Allein ein Blick auf die” Skimmung des Landes zeiht jenen Politiker der Unwahrheit. Wir müffen leider fehen, daß, von Belgien zu ſchweigen, felbft Limburg und Luxemburg ne ungern und widerſtrebend unter den alten Scepter zurüdkehren. Wie Holland, in feinem egoiftiihen Intereffe, feine Verpflichtun⸗ gen gegen den deutfhen Bund verftand, darüber fagt die preußiſche Staatszeitung, deren Regierung nicht am mindeften unter den diplomatis rw Brieflihe Mittheilungen. 2383 ſchen Künften der Holländifgen Interpretation gelten: „man gedachte, fagt fie, des falfchen Handelöfpftemes der Holländer, durch welches dies felben, feit dem Jahre 1815, ganz dem Geifte der Wiener Gongrefacte zuwider, der Induftrie, dem Handel, der Schiff fahrt, der Bevölkerung der deutfhen Bundesſtaaten Feſſeln angelegt, welche die freie Bewegung derfelben gehemmt hatten“. Wenn alfo das falfche Handelsfpftem die Höländer verleiten Eonnte, mächtigen Bundes genoſſen gegenüber, von denen fie Hülfe in der Noth erwarte: ten, wider den Geift eingegangener Verträge zu handeln, was Eonnte dann die Beldier fhügen, daß eben diefed Spftem, und überdieß noch eine falſche, confeffionellen Vorurtheilen entfpringende Politik die Hol- länder nicht auch verleitete, mit ihren neuerwordenen Unterthanen auf die gleiche Weife zu verfahren, und die Belgier zu Holland in dies felbe Rage, zu fegen, in der der deutſche Bund, und namentlich die Rheinufertaaten, denen fie die See, den Verträgen zumider, vers errt, fo viele Jahre hindurd fi befanden. Wir willen ed wohl, dieſes find gefhehene Dinge, an denen nichts mehr zu ändern iſt. Bir Haben fie hier and nicht in gehäffiger Abſicht gegen Holland, fons dern aus Liebe zu unferm Vaterlande berührt. So theuer wir auch die Erfahrung mit Belgien erkauft haben; fo bitter wir für das Vers ſaͤumte büßen .müfen, indem unfer Hauptbollwerk gegen Frankreich, ges * fallen, fo glauben wir doch, ed wäre für uns ein Gewinn, wenn wiß· die warnende Lehre, die darin liegt, gerade in der gegenwärtigen Zeit. nicht außer Acht Tiefen, d. h. wenn der Bund jedes feiner Glieder zur gewilienhaften Beobachtung der bei der Beſitznahme eingegangenen Verpflichtungen aufforderte, wozu vor Allem die freie und ungeſchmaͤ—⸗ lerte Ausübung der anerkannten Gonfeffionen gehört. Nur fo kann ei: nem Zwiefpalte, der unferem Vaterlande immer verderblicher zu wers den droht und ihm ſchon Belgien gekoftet Hat, ein Biel gefegt werden. Zum Schluſſe noch ein Wort an die Staatszeitung. Schon ein: mal hat fie fih nicht gefheut, auf feigen ehrlojen Vaterlandsverrath in Bayern hinzuweifen. Nachden fie für diefe Berläumdung ihre ver⸗ diente Zuͤchtigung empfangen, hat fie nun, in einem: zweiten AU Tel, Bayern nicht mehr zu bezeichnen wagend, Deutfchland im Allges meinen ald den Wohnfig jener Verräther erklärt: „in denem Der. natismus auch die Vaterlandsliebe aufgezehrt hat; die licher Theile Limburg und Luremburg in den Händen der Belgier fehen, als Ü Beſit einer Macht, der dieſelben gebühren, die aber ihren Daß fich, „gogen hat; die felbft Die Ehre, die Integrität, die Unabhängigkeit dei genen Gefammtvaterlandes preisgeben, wenn nur Dadurch Di a8 Briefliche Mittheilungen. hen derjenigen Macht, mit der fie gleich den belgiſchen Faetionen ſympa ⸗ thifiren bewirkt werden Eönnte,““ Wir wollen auf dieſe brutalen, fanatiſchen Schmaͤhungen nichts erwidern, wir wollen ihnen aber die Worte W. Men: zels entgegenftellen, den die Staatszeitung wohl nicht, wie uns, zudem „un« gläubigen Jakobinism, noch zu dem bigotten Prieftertyum“ rechnen wird, und der mehr als einmal den Berlinern eine ſcharfe Lection über deutfchen Patriotisin. gelefen. Er fagt im Riteraturblatt (1859. Nro. I. u. ff.): „die Eroberung oder die Behauptung Belgiens ift die erfte und legte Frage bei allen Gonflicten zwiſchen Stankrei und Deutſchland. Ward Belgien frans zoͤſiſch, fo Eonnte auch Holland fich nicht mehr retten. Holland mag daraus abnehmen, wie fehr es felbft dabei intereffirt ift, Daß Belgien vom franzoͤſi⸗ ſchen Einfluß möglichft frei bleibe. Wen immer die vaterländifhen Intereſ⸗ fen am Herzen liegen, der wende feine Theilnahme einem Lande zu, deſſen fo der anders entfchiedened Schickſal auch auf die Zukunft Deutfhlands bes deutenden Einfluß üben wird. Wir koͤnnen Belgien nicht entbehren und es von nichts ausſchließen, was ihm und uns gleich nüglich ift. Wir koͤnnen mit und durch Belgien von Holland ganz erhalten, was uns Holland ohne Belgien immer nur halb gewähren würde. Alfo wäre auch aus diefer merz kantiliſchen Rüdficht, wie früher aus der militärifhen zu wuͤnſchen, daß Belgien in einer langen Grenze unmittelbar Preußen berüpre. Soll jenes 5 # ' reihe, tieffinnige, geiftvolle Flandern und Brabant, wo deutfche Kunſt und “ Sprache fo Herrlich blüpten, jegt auf einmal zur Oberfliaͤchlichkeit einer franz zoͤſiſchen Provinz erniedrigt werden? Was würden die alten Dichter, Mas ler, Baumeifter, die in jenen ehrwürdigen Städten Belgiens Werke der unſterblichkeit ſchufen, wohl fagen, wenn fie aus ihren Gräbern erftünden, und ihre folge Heimath von Nachdrudern der Parifer Fiterarifhen Mifere entweiht fähen? So lange deutfhe Zeitungen die Belgier als eine fremde Race, nit blos als Franzofen, fondern ‘ fogar ald einen Auswurf der Franzoſen behandeln, if freilich ſchlecht dafür geforgt, die natürliden Spmpathien zwi— hen uns und ihnen zu naͤhren. Die Waprpeit ift, daß die Belgier Deutſch⸗ lands. Kinder find, wie wir, nicht etwa, wie man voreilig behauptet, ſchon forene, fondern nur vernacjläffigte Kinder. (Aus den Rpeinlanden eingefandt.) a Seit dem durch den Herren Erzbifchof von Köln hervors gerufenen Kampf figd die Blicke des großen. Publiftums uns gewöhnlich auf die Rheinlande gerichtet, und noch heute freut man fih, wenn man in Tagblättern und Flugſchrif—⸗ ten Stimmen vernimmt, welche aus diefem Theile des deut⸗ fhen Vaterlandes über religiöfe Angelegenheiten Bericht ers ftatten. . Görres hat, in feinen mit Meifterhand verfaßten Schriften, der Nheingegend, als feiner Heimath, mit Wohle wollen und Vorliebe gedacht, fo wie er dann auch dort wies der im gefegneten Andenken fteht aind mil Stolz eine Zierde des Landes genannt wird. „Euer Stamm“, fagt er bier zu feinen Landsleuten, „it einer der Kernſtämme des deutfchen Volkes; er darf nicht verloren gehen, fondern muß fich an: dern Zeiten aufbewahren, ‚wo das jetige Confuforium vorüs bergegangen, und in einer beffern Ordnung ber Dinge jedes feine rechte Stelle findet. Stoßt daher von Euch aus, was Eurem Naturell ungemäß, ihm von Außen angeflogen, und eigs net Euch dafür Alles an, was ihm entfprechend es zu nähren, zu erhalten und zu ftärken dienftfam ift“. Einer unferer. Gegner⸗ der wider den Erzbifhof von Köln ein Buch gefchrieben, glaubte auch die Rheinländer nicht unberührt laffen zu dürs. fen, und hat diefelben ein Uebergangss Volk genannt. Viel Wahres liegt in diefer Bezeichnung, obgleich er damit eher ein tadelndes, als ein lobendes Urtheil ausdrücken wollte. Ein Ländchen, das Franfreih, Belgien, Holland und das 25 4 338 Ä Die Rheinländer. überrheinifche Deutfchland zu Grenznachbarn hat; ‚deffen Bes wohner fich im Handel und Fabrikweſen fleißig umfehen; die un« unterbrochen mit fremden Nationen verkehren, zu diefen haͤu⸗ fige Reifen unternehmen; bie ihrerfeits hingegen von Mens # fchen aus allen Theilenger Welt befucht werden, welche die Maturfchönheiten der Hheinffer fich befchauen wollen; ein. ſolches Laͤndchen Eonnte ſich in feinen:Buftänden nicht gerade fo wie eine innere Provinz Deutfchlands geftalten, und es dürfte daher nicht unintereffant fepn, ung daffelbe etwas näs ber anzufchauen. Vor der franzöfifchen Mevolution war das linke Rhein⸗ ufer drei geiftlichen Ehurfürften unterthänig, und neben dies fen regierten dafelbft noch viele andere deutfche Fürften, Gras fen, Barone und geiftliche Corporationen. Un politifhe Eins beit war alfo wohl nicht zu denken, und die Zerftücfelung erlaubte es auch nicht, großartige Dinge zur Ausführung zu bringen. Hanbelsgeift war dort, mit Ausnahme der Stadt Köln, nicht übermäßig im Schwunge und felten überfchritten die Ein⸗ wohner die Grenzen ihrer engen Territorien. Nichte defto weni⸗ ger fließ man überall auf Behaglichkeit und Zufriedenheit mit den einfachen und befcheidenen Zuftänden. Zwar war der größte Theil des Bodens dem Regenten, dem Adel und ber_ Geiftlichkett angehörig; allein deswegen war das Loos des Landmanns doch vielleicht beneidenswerther als heute, wo er ale Eigenthümer des Landes auftritt. Als Erbbeftänderer, Zinspflichtiger, oder felbft auch ale Zeitpächter ward er, fo lange er feine Verbindlichkeiten erfüllte, von feiner Scholle nicht vertrieben, da die Grundeigenthümer fett unvordenklis hen Zeiten den Grundſaz fefihielten, ihre Landbebauer nicht zu wechfeln, noch ihre Laften zu vermehren, und fich in ihnen eine Glientel zu erhalten und die Unhänglichkeit an die Herr⸗ ſchaft tiefer zu begründen. Die Abgaben an den Staat und den Grundheren waren fo niedrig gefeht, daß der Landmann ſich und die Seinigen forgenfrei zu ernähren vermochte, und fih ein ſichtbarer Wohlſtand in feinem Hausweſen verbreis e ‘ —* Die NRheinländer, 387 tete, indem er feinen Luxus Eannte und fich feine Kleidungs⸗ flücde und häuslichen Bedürfniffe aus der Erndte feiner Fel⸗ der und dem Ertrage feiner DViehheerden anſchaffte, ohne, fo wie bente, Indien und Amerika zu bedürfen, oder feine Spar: pfennige an die Fabriken abgeben zu müffen. Die vielen Manns und Franenklöfter bildeten eine Ableitung für den Ueberfluß der Bevölkerung, umd die Bürger in den Etädten fanden, da das Monopol der Fabriken noch unbefannt war, in den. verfchiedenen Gewerben ihr binreichendes Auskommen. Der zahlreiche Clerus forgte dafür, daß das Volk in der Ne ligion forgfältig unterrichtet wurde und den nöthigen Schule unterricht empfing. Hiezu Famen noch die vielfachen und- zes gen Beziehungen, in denen damals die Rheinlande zu Deftebe reich und dem Farferlichen Haufe ftanden, die für alle Klaffen von gleihem Vortheil waren nnd durd die Theilnahme an einem erweiterten Wirkungskreiſe auch den Geift erweiterten: Aus dem Meiche z0g die öfterreichifche Armee ihre Unteroffis jiere, die Adminiftration des Kriegsweſens ftand durch Faß⸗ binder guten Theile unter Hiheinländern, deren fo viele durch die Herüberziehung des Reichshofrathes nah Wien ges kommen. Der Zürft, der noch heutiges Tages an der E pipe der öfterreichifchen Diplomatie fteht, deffen Etimme Europa bei der Entfcheidung der verhängnißvollften Fragen ımferer Zeit vernommen, und der, an der Seite feines Kaifere, den grofe fen Kampf durchgeftritten und der Würde feines Herrn dem Hochmuthe des Eroberers gegenüber nichts vergab, er iſt bes kanntlich ein geborner Mheinländer und gehört einer Familie diefes Landes an. ein Vater war Gefandter an den drei geiftlichen Höfen. Er felbft brachte die erften Tage feine. Kindheit zu Koblenz am Rheine zu. Der Repräfentant des Kaifers bei dem Abfchluße der Meichsdeputation zu Regens⸗ burg, Freiherr von Hügel, war ebenfalls ein Mheinlander, und fein Sohn hat fi) als Verfaffer von „Spanien und bie- Revolution“ ale einer der ausgezeichnetften politifchen Schrift fteler Deutfhlands bewährt. Und fo ift Bar. Eichhoff, ber \| 25 * - 388 Die RhHeinländer, als Präfident der Hoflammer an der Spitze ber commerziel- len Verwaltung Defterreiche fteht, gleichfalls ein Nheinlän- der. Ein Land, welches fich folher Namen rühmen darf, dem muß es wohl ale ein nichtiger Einwurf erfcheinen, wenn eine andere Negierung feinen Eöhnen nicht das gleiche Ver⸗ trauen ſchenkt und fie in der Befegung ihrer höheren Aemter zurückftelt. Doch Eehren wir aus der Gegenwart zu den al: ten Zeiten zurüd. \| Monoton mag allerdings Vielen das damalige Leben, im Vergleich mit der heutigen Rührigkeit, erfcheinen; allein die Menfchen, mit ihren geringen Bedürfniffen, befaßen al: les, was dem Leibe und der Seele erfprieslich war, und die Eltern, welchen die Vorſehung eine zahlreihe Familie ver: Tiehen hatte, brauchten fih nicht Tag und Nacht zu ängfti- gen, wie fie ihren Kindern einen Brodftand verfchaffen fol: ten, da jeder, der Luft und Willen zeigte, leicht. ein Aus⸗ kommen fand. Es war durch die ganze Gefellichaft eine Ruhe und Behaglichkeit verbreitet, von der wir in dem ruhelofen Treiben und Sagen unferer Tage Faum mehr. einen Begriff haben. Auch an Poefie fehlte es diefer Zeit nicht. Unzaͤh— lige uralte, von den Vätern vererbte Volksfeſte, deren jedes Eräbdichen, ja faft jedes Dorf feine eigenen hatte, fo wie die große, bedeutfame Folge der Rirchenfefte, und die Leib und Seele ftärkende und erquictende Luft der Wallfahrten verei- nigten das ganze Volt bald vor dem Altare zur gemeinfamen Andacht, bald unter den alten Linden vor dem Rathhauſe, oder auf einer Wiefe, in Feld und Wald zur allgemeinen Froͤhlichkeit und Heiterkeit. Altersſchwache, Kranke und Ge brechliche erhielten nicht allein in den reich fundirten Hoſpi⸗ tälern, fondern auch in den Klöftern und Stiftern, welche vorzüglich zur Wohlthätigkeit verpflichtet waren, eine zufa= ‚gende Unterftügung, fo wie denn auch die hervorfiehende Re⸗ ligiofität des Volkes zu milden Gaben geneigt war. Die franzöfifche Revolution hat diefe, feit vielen Jahr⸗ hunderten beftandene Verhältniffe völlig zertrümmert und Die Nheinländer. 35 ganz neue Zuftände gefchaffen. Bei dem Anbeginn diefer Revolution warb das linke Mheinufer der Zufluchtsort ber Emigration, und ganze Echaaren reicher Auswanderer fchlu= gen dort ihre Wohnftätte auf. Der hohe Adel Frankreichs impfte den rheinifhen Städten feine Frivolität, feine Uep⸗ pigkeit und feine Eittenlofigfeit ein, das furchtbare Schick⸗ fal, das über Frankreich und fein Königshaus ergangen, hatte feine Leichtfertigkeit nicht zur Befinnung gebradt. Das Geld, welches diefe Emigranten, uneingedenk der file bald darauf fo hart heimfuchenden Zukunft, mit vollen Händen -vergeudeten, verführte manche Unfchuld, erzeugte die Habfucht, den Hang zur Verfhwendung und viele andere La⸗ ſter. Man fah diefen vorübergehenden Zuftand als bleibend an, hielt daher das leicht Erworbene nicht beifammen, und gewöhnte fi an viele, vorher unbekannte Bedürfniffe. Da erfchienen im Jahre 1794 die republifanifchen Heere, die, an allem Nöthigen Mangel leidend, mit Zinfen das Kapital zu⸗ rücdforderten, welches ihre ausgewanderten Landeleute zurüds gelaffen hatten. Unerſchwingliche Contributionen an Gelb, Kriegsbedarf und Lebensmitteln wurden fofort ausgefchrieben und auf revolutionäre Art beigetrieben. Die Fürften, ber Adel, die höhere GSeiftlichkeitt und manche wohlhabende Eins wohner, ihr Leben für gefährdet erachtend, flohen aus dem Lande und ließen dem Feinde ihre ganze liegende und fahe rende Habe zurück, der diefelben fogleich fequeftrirte -und fie für immer behielt. Nachdem eine militärifche Gewalt wäh- rend vier Jahren geherrfcht hatte, glaubte die Republik fich im Beſitze des linken Rheinufers fo gefichert, daß fie im Jahr 1798 das Land auf franzöfifhen Fuß zu organifiren und ihre Geſetze dort zu verkündigen wagte, obgleich erft der Lü⸗ neviller Friede von 1801 ihr den rechtlichen Beſitz gewährte. Schon unter der militärifhen Herrfhaft war der chriftliche Kultus unterfagt worden; die Kirchen erhielten als Magazine Stallungen, Kafernen, oder ald Deladen:Tempeln eine neue Beftimmung; Feſte der Greife, der Vernunft, des Aderbaues & 390 \| Die Rheinlänter. u. fe mw. follten die der Religion Jeſu Ehrifti erfegen, und die Freiheit und Gleichheit der frühern fogenannten Herr⸗ fchaft der Iprannen und Pfaffen ein Ende machen. Wlles Alte ward vernichtet und ganz neue Principien traten plößs lich ins Leben. Die Landesfprache durfte in Gefchäften nicht mehr gebraucht werden; aller Unterfchted der Geburt ward aufgehoben, das ganze Feudalrecht erlofch mit einem Feder⸗ ‚zug und jegliche darauf bezügliche Abgabe warb ohne Ents (hädigung abgeſchafft. Das Zunftwefen traf nicht minder das Schickſal der Zernichtung, und alle Gewerbe wurden der freien Concurrenz preisgegeben. Mündliches und öffentliches Mechisverfahren nahm feinen Anfang und Kantons, Bezirkes und Departements - Verwaltungen traten ihr Amt an. Alle Beſitzungen der frühern Regenten, des Adels, der welıfis hen und Ordens⸗-Geiſtlichkeit, der Nitterorden, der Zünfte wurden ald Domäne öffentlich verfteigert, und um einen Spott⸗ preis verfchleudert; theild weil die Einwohner dem Zuftande der Dinge nicht trauten; theilg weil die Maſſe der Güter ihre Bedürfniſſe und Geldmittel überftieg. Der Geiftlihkeit ward es anheimgeftellt in den Laienftand ohne Verluft ihrer Staats⸗ venfion zurüczutreten und das Ablegen geijtlicher Gelübde für die Zukunft unterfagt. Die Majorate und Familien - Fidei- comiffe wurden aufgehoben und für alle Kinder ein gleiches Erbrecht angeordnet. Der öffentliche Unterricht, woraus man die pofitive Neligion verbannte, ward nach franzöfifchen Begrifs fen auf ein practifches Ziel eingerichter, und als Lehrer bes rief man abtrünnige Geiftlihe und Anhänger und Lobredner der neuen Ordnung der Dinge. Ein Heer hungriger Fran zoſen, zum Theil ganz unwiſſend, der Landesfprache, der frübern Verfaſſung, der Sitten und Gewohnheiten völlig un Eundig, nahm bie einträglichen Aemter ein und diefelben wußten ſich ihr Einkommen noch durch Organifirung eines Beftrafungsfpftems zu vermehren, mährend die Eingebornen auf untergeordnete Etellen oder auf ſolche, wo man fie plats terdings nicht enibehren konnte, beſchraͤnkt wurden. J Die Rheinlaͤnder. 0 Als Napoleon ans Ruder Fam, ward zwar manches Wis derfinnige und Derwerflihe der Hevplutionsmänner verbefs fert und der Staat auf einen feſtern und fittlicheren Fuß ors ganifirt, allein ed warfen fi nun Uebel anderer Urt auf, welche den Druc des Landes nur noch vermehrten. Derfelbe behandelte allerdings die Mheinländer nicht mehr ale Eroberte, fondern als Glieder der großen Nation und eröffnete ihnen den Weg zu hohen, felbit zu den höchſten Staatsämtern. Auch gewann er fich die Zuneigung Vieler dadurch, daß er ben chriftlichen Gultus wieder - berftellte und im Jahre 1810 ein Soncordat mit dem heiligen Stuhle abfchloß; allein ſchon aus den zu diefem Concordate publizirten fogenannten otga⸗ nifchen Artikeln, worin er der Kirche unwürdige, vor der Men volution unbekannte Feſſeln anlegte, ward es klar, daß er aus bloßen politifchen Rückſichten die Religion wieder zu Ehren bringen wollte. Dieß zeigte fich dann auch wenige Jahre darauf, ald er den Kiechenftant militärifch befepen, und dems naͤchſt dem großen Meiche einverleiben, das Sardinalcolegium auseinanderjagen und den Papſt ale Gefangenen nach Fon⸗ tainebleau bringen ließ. Eigene Etrafgefege verboten alle Verkehr mit dem Dberhaupte der Kirche, und mit Hilfe einer zufammenberufenen Nationalfynode folte eine von Nom uns abhängige Kirche gefchaffen werden, was jedoch durch die Fe⸗ ftigfeit der Prälaten und ernftliche Unruhen in einigen Pros vinzen vereitelt wurde. Zu dieſem religiöfen Drucke gefellten fih dann noch anhaltende, die männliche Jugend verſchlin⸗ gende Kriege, fo wie ein Polizeifpftem, das nicht nur alle Mittheilung der: Gedanken in Schriften unmögli machte, fondern auch jedes, nur einigermanßen anftößige Wort aufs fing und an ihren Urhebern durdy Verhaftung und, Einfpers rung in eines der zahlreichen Stantsgefängniffe, worin mande Menfchen ohne gerichtliches Gehör Jahre lang ſchmachten muß» ten, ahndete. Für die Eatelliten des Despoten wurde durch alle Mittel geforgt, und es dehnte fich in der legten Zeit feis ner Herrſchaft die rohe Gewalt fo weit aus, daß Ehen zwi⸗ 393 \| Die Rheinländer. fchen reichen Erbinnen und Kriegsobriften militärifch befohlen und ausgeführt wurden. Daf bie: Mbeinländer ſich unter folchen Berhältniffen nach einer Veränderung fehnen mußten, wird jeder natürlich finden, und allgemein war daher auch die Freude, ale in den erftien Tagen des Monats Januar 1814 die Errettungsftunde fhlug. Indeſſen waren fie doch um ihre Zukunft nicht wenig beforgt. Eine Provinz kann nicht während 20 Jahren einem fremden Volke und deſſen Geſetzen unterworfen ſeyn, ohne ſich die Eigenthümlichkeiten desfelben mehr oder weniger an- zueignen. War doch während der Franzofenherrfchaft ein neues Geſchlecht herangewachfen, das ſich in franzöfifhen Echulen and Zuftänden ausgebildet hatte. Der Krieg hatte, fo drü⸗ ‚end er für die Etäbte war, durch die Vertheurung der Les bensmittel dem Landbauern große Eummen zugeführt. Syn der ſchwindelnden Bewegung der Zeitereigniffe waren die Gei⸗ fter unftäter, beweglicher, moderner geworden. Neue Ideen, neue Wünfche und Bedürfniffe hatten fich geltend gemacht. Die „gute alte Zeit“ war weit zurüd in den Hintergrund getreten, von dem Glanze eines Kaiferreiches überftrahlt, das wie durch ein Wunder plöglich aus ihren Trümmern ſich erhoben. Ale Gränzbewohner, mitten auf die Straße der großen Heeres- züge geſetzt, mußte fih das alte Gepräge um fo leichter ah⸗ fhleifen und verallgemeinern. Zeugen und Theilnehmer jener umgeftaltenden Weltereigniffe wurde in ihnen vorzüglich der Sinn für das Leben und das Practifche ausgebildet. Die Verbindung mit einem ber größten und bevölkertſten Reiche Europas gewährte materielle Vortheile, welche für die Zu⸗ funft gefährdet fehienen. War gleich Napoleon ein großer Ty⸗ rann, fo bot Doch andrerfeits auch feine Megierung viele Geis ten bar, die man zu würdigen und zu fchägen gelernt hatte. Die Finanzverwaltung war auf das befte georbnet und drückte weniger auf fein Land, da das übrige Europa dad Deficit er⸗ gänzen mußte. Die Verwaltung war durchgreifend, ſchnell und mit einer gewiffen Courtoiſie gegen diellntergebenen verbunden. Die RhHeinländer. 398 Dad Geſetz batte in bürgerlichen Anlegenheiten feinen vollen Sauf und felbft das Militär unterlag der Criminaljuftig der Givilgerichte, wenn es fich nicht um Dienftvergehen handelte, 60 daß der geringfte Dorfmaire befugt war den General, der einen Exceß begangen hatte, in Verhaft nehmen zu laffen. Eine einzige Geſetzgebung für das ganze Reich hatte die vies Ien unter fih und mit der Zeit in manchem MWiderfpruch fte- henden Provinzialrechte verdrängt. Der Unterthan erhielt bei den Gerichten ein fehr fchnelles Urtheil, das er bei ber be: ftehenden Mündlichfeit und Deffentlichkeit des Verfahrens, felbft controliren konnte. Die Meligionsdiener der verfchie- denen chriftlihen Confeflionen wurden zwar vom Staate ber foldet, da diefer fich ihrer Güter bemächtigt hatte; allein Feine Etaatsreligion ward aufgeftellt und jeder Bürger durfte nad) feinen Begriffen und feinem Wohlgefallen Gott verehren, ohne daß fich der Staat bei Anftelungen und fonftigen Berühruns gen um feinen Glauben befümmerte, indem bloß der bürgers liche Lebenswandel erforfcht wurde. Um ja mit der Kirche in feinen Conflict zu gerathen, ordnete man für den Perſonen⸗ ſtand eigene weltliche Beamte an, welde die Geburten, Heis rathen und Sterbfälle zu beurfunden hatten, indem man gleich⸗ zeitig feftfegte, daß die Kirchenbücher, welche die Geiftlidys feit etwa nebenbei führen möchte, vor Gericht gar Feine Geltung haben follien. Dadurd, daß dem Clerus die Eigen⸗ ſchaft der Staatsdienerſchaft nicht beigelegt wurde, ward befs fen Stellung freier und unabhängiger, fo daß er fich in feis. nem geiftlihen Berufe lediglih nach den Satzungen feiner Kirche richten konnte und nicht zu befürchten hatte mit welts lichen Vorfchriften in Widerfpruch zu geratben Auf Flüffe, Kanäle und Straßen wurden große Eummen verwendet; die Eontinentalfperre ſchuf die inländifche Snduftrie, den Zuſam⸗ menhang des Reichs erleichterte die Verbindung der einzelnen Provinzen und ein thätiger, innerer Handel begann ſich zu regen. Sp waren in dem vorangegangenen Zeitraume franzöfls 394 Dis Rheinländer. fher Herrfchaft Zuftände erwachſen, für deren Fortdauer ſich viele Wünfche am Rheine zu erkennen. gaben. Es ward bort die Meinung vorberrfchend, daß man die beftehende Ordnung prüfen und folche dem Lande belaffen ſolle. Man bemerkte, daß die Revolution fo tief in die Mheingegend eingegriffen und die Verhältniffe fo ungewöhnlich umgeändert habe, daß man biefelben unmöglich mit den ältern Provinzen des neuen Staats in Einklang bringen fünnte. Preußen dagegen, dem der bedeutendfte Theil der Mheinprovinz zufiel, glaubte der« felben am fchnelften einen preußifchen Geift dadurch beibrins gen zu Eönnen, daß man die höhern Aemter vorzüglich mit Perfonen aus dem Mutterftaate befegte, die in ganzen Schaa⸗ ven berüber gefchict wurden. So Fam dann die Mheinpros vinz im Derlaufe von zwanzig Jahren in den Fall, fich zuerft als erobertes, und dann als ein entfremdetes Land behandelt su fehen. Der Charakter des Nheinländers tft offen, Miß⸗ trauen verlegt ihn; dem Dünkel und Aufgeblafenheit, die ihn von oben berunter behandelt, glaubt er um fo mehr feine Verachtung entgegenfegen zu dürfen, wenn er fie felbft übers fhaut und gewahrt, daß nichts dahinter if. Da man bei der Auswahl der neuen hingefendeten Beamten hierauf im Rauſche des Sieges wenig Nüdfiht genommen: fo offenbarte fich gleich im Unfange eine. Spannung, woran die Neligion feinen Antheil hatte. So wenig fich die überrheinifchen Eis vil- und Militärbeamten in die Ddiegfeitigen DVerhältniffe zu ſchicken vermochten: eben fo wenig war es deu Eingebornen möglich, fi) in die Begriffe und Denfungsart der neuen Co⸗ Ionie zu. finden. Diefe hatten aus ihrer Heimath über Ges febgebung, Verwaltung, die Stellung der Stände und nas mentlich das Verhältniß des Militärd zu dem Bürgerftande Anfichten mitgebracht, welche theilweife mit den Begriffen der Hheinländer ſchroff contraftirten. Letztern ward die Meis nungsverfchiedenheit ale Zrog und Franzoſenthum vorgemors - fen, während die Eingebornen behaupteten, daß man dem neuen Landesperrn treu, gehorfam und ergeben ſeyn, und fich Die RhHeinländer. 895 dennoch für die Beibehaltung von bewährten Etaatseinrich« tungen ausfprechen Fönne, obgleich diefelben von den Frans jofen berrührten. jeder neuen Wunde und. Man kann dieß ſchon an der alls gemeinen Freude erkennen, welche fich Eürzlich äußerte, als ein rheinifcher Juriſt an die Spige der Juſtizverwaltung der Provinz geftelt wurde, indem das Publikum von ihm hofft, daß er den Verheerungen in der Gefetgebung Einhalt thun “und mande heterogene Theile wieder ausftoßen werde. Diefe Deränderungen mußten den Mheinländern um fo unerklärlis cher erfcheinen, da das dargebotene Surrogat amtlich, als mans gelhaft und einer Reviſion bedürftig dargeftellt wird. . Liegt ihnen die Befürchtung zu Grunde, daß die Verwandtſchaft der Derfaffung zu häufigen Rückerinnerungen an Frankreich Veranlaffung gebe, fo ift man in einem großen Irrthum; denn der Mheinländer ift ein ächter Deutfcher, und er würde feine Wiedervereinigung mit Frankreich als eine wahre Cala⸗ mität anfeben. Auch bat fich nie ein Verdacht irgend einer firäflichen Verbindung mit Frankreich aufgeworfen, trog aller 396 Die Rheinländer. aufreigenden und die Gemüther ber Katholifen verlegenden Artikel der Berliner Staatszeitung. Das politifche Treiben in Sranfreic hat eher einen Edel und eine Antipathie er- regt. Hätte man anfangs mehr Finheimifche zu den höhern Yemtern berufen und deren Berichten Zutrauen gefchenkt, fo würde die Mheinprovinz viel leichter und früher fich mit dem . Staate verbunden haben. Der Rheinländer ift bieder, folg⸗ \| fam und weiß fih in die mannigfaltigften Lebensverhältniffe zu ſchicken. Er ift feiner Regierung getreu, verabfcheut Ver: fhwörungen und Smpörungen, und wenn er felbft Urfachen zu feinen Klagen zu haben meint, macht er fi, fo lang er kann und feine Geduld nicht reißt, durch einen Scherz Luft. Eeit dem Frieden von 1814 haben fid) die Zuftände aller Länder weſentlich verändert, und Niemand ift fo unbillig, ber prenfifchen Negierung das Lob für das viele von ihr gefchaf- fene Gute zu verfagen, und ihr für ihre jedenfalls wohlge- meinten Berlühungen um Erziehung und Wiffenfchaften, fo wie um die Gegenftände des materiellen Wohle des Landes den aufrichtigften und herzlichfien Dank zu zollen. Die lange Ruhe; die auffallende Vermehrung der Population; die hie- durch bis ind Unglaubliche berbeigeführte Zerftücelung des Eigenthums; die Concurrenz des Auslandes in Fabriken und im Handel; der um fich greifende Luxus in den niedern Volks⸗ Haffen, der niedrige Preis der Bodenerzeugniffe mußte frei- lich eine große Unbehaglichkeit in der Lage vieler Einzelnen bervorrufen; allein es wäre thöricht und ungerecht, bievon irgend einer Negierung die Schuld beizumeffen. . War nun eine Meinungsverfchiedenheit zwifchen den Herr⸗ ſchern und Beherrſchten in Betreff der Landesverfaffung nicht zu verfennen, fo trat diefe noch ftärker bei den Staatsmaxi⸗ men im Gebiete der Religion hervor. Bei der Befignahme im Ssahre 1814 waren die größern Städte, als Düffeldorf, Köln, Koblenz, Trier beinahe ausſchließlich katholiſch, und die gefammte Bevölkerung der Rheinprovinz mochte fünf Sechs⸗ tel Ratholifen und. ein Sechstel Proteflanten zählen. Die Die RhHeinländer. 397 große Zahl ber proteflantifchen Civil- und Militärbeamten veranlaßten ſchon im erften Jahre die Gründung proteftantis fer Kirchengemeinden in den Hauptftädten, während man umgekehrt in Schlefien eine große Anzahl Eatholifcher Kirchen unter dem Vorwande, es ſey nicht mehr die gehörige Zahl von Katholiken vorhanden, hat eingehen oder in proteftantis fhe umwandeln laffen. Das Beifpiel der Seminariums-Kirche in Trier, die man jeht endlich erft ihren Eigenthümern zu⸗ rücftelt, deutet an, daß man in den Mitteln nicht fehr des likat war, um bie proteftantifchen Gemeinden mit Kirchen zu verfehen. Die Eatholifche Kirche blieb bis zum jahre 1823, wo das, zwei Jahre früher abgefchlofiene Concordat ins Lege ben trat, vermwaift, fo daß alfo an diefe viel fpäter die Rei⸗ he kam. Die franzöfifche Verwaltung hatte fhon dafür geforgt, daß die Frömmigkeit bei der unter ihr herangewachfenen us. gend Keine tiefen Wurzeln faffen Eonnte, und fo half diefe ind Mannsalter übergetretene Generation durd) ihren Indif—⸗ ferentismus die Anſicht mitverbreiten, daß der Katholicismus in den legten Zügen liege und ſich alles gefallen laſſen müffe. Indeſſen erweckte doch das unproportionirte Verhältniß der - proteftantifchen Beamten, im Vergleiche zur Bevölkerung, ein ernftes Nachdenken, und man fand es 3. B. auffallend, daß das zahlreiche, Provinzial: Echulcollegium nur einen einzigen katholiſchen Math zählte und heute noch zählt; daß an der Landesuniverfität eine fo Eleine Zahl Eatholifcher Brofefforen fi) vorfanden, die zu der Befoldung der proteftantifchen in gar feinem Verhältniſſe ſtehen. Es Eonnte der Beobachtung nicht entgehen, daß die neu gegründeten evangelifhen Schu: Ien aus Staatsmitteln erhalten wurden oder Zufchüffe empfin- gen, während die Eatholifchen auf ihre Nevenuen, und, wo diefe unzureichend waren, auf die Gemeinden verwiefen wur=. den, wenn fie ihren Eatholifchen Charakter beibehalten wolls ten. Auch wurden die Gemüther tief, verlept, als es laut. ward, daß in den Gardestegimentern. Feine Fatholifchen Of⸗ 398 Die Rheinländer. fisiere zugelaffen wurden. Ferner blieben Beifpiele nicht aus, daß Beamte, welche zur katholiſchen Religion übertraten, fi) in Eränfender Weife zurücgefept fahen und den Dienft vers loffen mußten, während man fie im umgelehrten Yale bes förderte. Bei Gefegen über die gemijchten Ehen lag die Deus tung nur zu nabe, daß. fie auf Verbreitung des Proteftantiss mus berechnet feyen. Die an die katholiſchen Bifchöfe geſtell⸗ ten Forderungen unterlagen darum einem feharfen Zadel, ins dem man behauptete, daß ein aus verfchiedegen chriftlichen Confeſſionen zufammengefegter Staat das Kirchliche fo wenig als möglich in fein Gebiet ziehen, alle Religionen beſchützen, aber Feine bevorzugen und unter feinen Unterthanen Feine Kathegorien aufftelen dürfe. Je mehr dergleichen Anſichten fich verbreiteten, um fo mehr wuchs auch die Zahl der Unzus friedenen, daher fand die Kölner GSataftrophe die Gemütber völlig vorbereitet vor, und man braucht fich ferner nicht mehr über die daraus hervorgegangenen Folgen zu verwundern. Die Gefhichte der Fatholifchen Kirche hat mehrere Beifpiele aufzuzeigen, daß gerade, wenn man ihren Untergang vors ‚ berfehen zu können glaubte, Gott ein unerwartetes Ereig⸗ niß eintreten ließ, das den geſunkenen Glauben wieder Eräf- tig eimporgerichtet und ihren Feinden Befchämung zugezogen bat. Echon im vierten Jahrhundert ſchrieb der heilige Hila⸗ rius: hoc enim ecclesiae proprium est, ut tunc vincat, cum laeditur, intelligatur, cum arguitur, tunc obtineat, cum deseritur. Ein hoher religiöfer Eifer bat von neuem die Bewohner des Rheins befeelt; in Echaaren drängen fich bie Gläubigen wieder zu den Tempeln und zum Empfang der heiligen Sacramente. Wer eine aufrichtige und innige Erbauung fehen wid, der befuche die dortigen Kirchen. Drag man auch einzelne Priefter gerichtlich verfolgen; mag man Im andern eine Unterftügung zu finden hoffen; mag man endlich durch Strenge dem Beftreben entgegenwirken, fo werden fich :. doc alle diefe Mittel nicht bewähren und bald abnutzen. EßS iſt das Volk, das feinen Glauben vertheidigt ‚das die freier e v * Die Rheinländer. 399 Yusäbung feiner Religion erringen und nicht allein theoretifch fondern auch practifch mit den andern Confeſſionen gleichges ſtellt ſeyn will. Die geringe Zahl anders gefinnter Priefter kann diefe Stimmung nicht hemmen; vielmehr werden diefe mite fortgezogen und müflen der Begeifterung huldigen. Was vermag eine Priefterfhaft, wenn der Glauben in ihren Heerden erflors ben ii? Welche Mefultate ftehen dagegen zu erwarten, wenn Prieſter und Layen gemeinfchaftlich die Hände and Werk legen, Ein Ignoriren der Volksſtimmung, ein gänzliches Abfehen von den Poftulaten der Katbolifen, kann dem Uebel Feine Ab⸗ hilfe bringen, fondern der Staat wird activ einfchreiten, die im Lande vorgefundene Religion unterftügen, ihr die nöthige, Hilfe gewähren, und fie, wie er es gelobt, mit Wohlwollen behandeln müfjen. Nur auf diefe Weife, und nicht durch leere Phraſen, die die Ereigniffe jedes Tages Lügen ftrafen und darum als bitterer Hohn die Gemüther nur noch mehr reizen, wird es ihm möglich, fich getreue Unterihanen zu er⸗ halten, die ihn aud) ihrerfeits im Falle der Noth befchirmen, und freudig und ftandhaft für ihn ihr Blut einfegen. Fallen laſſen muß man die Anſicht, daß das Oberhaupt der Fatholls fhen Kirche ein auswärtiger Fürſt ſey, der felbft in veins kirchlichen Dingen nichte verordnen Fünne, wenn es dem Staat nicht beliebt; entfagen der Anmaaßung, Religionsſachen aus⸗ fhließlich ordnen, und bie Eatholifche Geiftlichkeit wie gemöhns lihe Staatsdiener regieren und lenken zu wollen; denn diefe haben neben ihren Unterthanspflichten auch noch Pflichten ges - gen Gott zu erfüllen, welche auf offenbarten Satzungen beruben . amd dur weltliche Geſetze nicht modifiziert werden Fönnen.
4970000_1	Wikipedia	CC-By-SA	Falkson ist der Familienname folgender Personen: Ferdinand Falkson (1820–1900), deutsch-jüdischer Arzt, Schriftsteller und liberaler Politiker Franz Falkson (1850–1904), deutscher Kommunalpolitiker, Erster Bürgermeister von Weißenfels.
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bulletindel8918781879soci_2	French-PD-diverse	Public Domain	Ces insectes sont pourvus de pattes grosses et courtes, de cuisses rnutiques, et, pour saisir leur proie, elles se livrent parfois à de véritables sauts à la manière des altises. 1) suffit d’approcher de ces petites araignées, lorsqu’on les voit immobiles, une brindille de bois ou le bout du doigt pour les voir se reculer rapidement de côté, ou sauter à 15 ou 20 centimètres plus loin ; mais il n’y a rien là du saut aérien, de celte sorte de vol, signalé par plusieurs naturalistes pour certaines araignées et que M. Aubeüx a remarqué dans celle qu’il a pu observer. Celte expérience si curieuse demanderait à être renouvelée, et l’insecte reconnu se livrer à de tels ébats pourrait être envoyé à un naturaliste s’occupant de cet ordre d’insecte, qui en déterminerait le genre et l’espèce. Que dé points encore obscurs dans l’existence si fragile de ces petits êtres. Il n’est certes pas de branche de l’histoire naturelle qui offre plus d’intérêt à l’observateur que cet ordre des aranéides jusqu’à présent si délaissé. Si quelque membre de notre association désirait se livrer à cette étude, il pourrait, en toute confiance, s’adresser à un spécialiste bien connu dans la science, M. Eugène Simon, membre -» 20 de la Société enîomoîogique de France, toujours heureux de voir ses goûts partagés par de nouveaux collègues, et qui se ferait un plaisir d'initier les débutants dans leurs recherches et leurs travaux. Il est procédé ensuite à la réception comme membres corres pondants de MM. Rousseau et Supiot présentés à la précédente réunion. M. Rousseau vient de quitter la France pour aller résider pendant deux années sur la côte occidentale d’Afrique ; il se propose d’étudier la flore et la faune de cette riche contrée et veut bien, par l’intermédiaire de M. Aubeux, promettre à la Société d'Études scientifiques d’Angers, des échantillons, des curiosités naturelles qu'il pourra recueillir. L’ordre du jour étant épuisé, la séance est levée. Pour le Secrétaire , J. Gallois. Séance du 5 décembre 1878. Le procèB-verbal de la précédente séance est lu et adopté. Les ouvrages reçus sont les suivants : La Feuille des Jeunes Naturalistes, 98. Société des sciences et arts de Vitry-Le-Français, t. YllI, 1877. Société entomologiqiie de Belgique, n» 56. M. Guérard rapporte une observation venant à l’appui de celle de M. Aubeux, relatée dans le procès-verbal de la dernière séance, et qui a trait au travail des araignées; M. Guérard a remarqué, ces jours-ci, une araignée sur des raisins placés dans une assiette immédiatement au-dessous d’une suspension de salle à manger; peu de temps après, il aperçut l’araignée suspendue à un fil qui allait d’une des grappes de raisin à la partie inférieure de la suspension. De son observation, M. Guérard conclut que les araignées ont le pouvoir de lancer leur fil à une certaine distance, non seulement dans le sens horizontal, ce qui pourrait s’expliquer — 21 •— par le transport du fil par les courants d’air, mais encore dans le sens vertical. M. Gallois dit ne pas partager les idées de MM. Aubeux et Guérard, et explique le transport du fil par son extrême légèreté .qui le rend moins dense que l’atmosphère, ce qui lui permet de flotter dans l’air même par les temps les plus calmes, jusqu’à ce qu’il trouve enfin un point sur lequel il puisse se fixer; à l’appui de sa théorie , il cite plusieurs observations relatées dans le compte-rendu de la séance du juin 1878, de la Société ento mologique de Belgique. Pour le cas cité par M. Guérard, M. Gallois croit que l’araignée que notre collègue a vu monter de la grappe de raisin placée sur la table à la suspension accrochée au plafond, ne faisait que reprendre, en sens contraire, la route qu’elle avait déjà dû parcourir et que pelotonner en s’élevant le fil qu’elle avait dévidé en se laissant préalablement tomber de la suspen sion sur la table. M. Bouvet présente à la Société, de la part de M. Juignet, médecin au Coudray-Macouard, un certain nombre de silex taillés, trouvés par lui dans les environs de sa localité, ainsi que quelques pointes d’oursins et un vers parasite trouvé dans l’in testin d’une brème. Pour être imprimés au bulletin, M. l’abbé Rouchy, membre correspondant, vient d’adresser les communications suivantes faites par lui au Congrès de Paris : i.e Jordanisme et V Anlijordanisme. Sur quelques espèces dites Jordaniques. 3» De la variabilité des plantes par la culture. 4‘> De la force ascendante des poissons. La Société consultée à ce sujet par M. le Président décide, que vu les faibles moyens dont elle dispose, elle ne peut insérer que les deux premiers mémoires dans le bulletin actuellement en cours de publication. M. Gallois propose à la Société d’adresser des circulaires à tous les instituteurs du département pour les inviter à faire partie de notre Société, à titre de membres correspondants, et à nous prêter leur concours. L’Assemblée consultée, accepte à funaniinité la proposition de M. Gallois. n — M. Bouvet, indiquant à la Société l’apparition toute récente d’un ouvrage intitulé : Le monde des plantes avant rapparüion de l'homme, par le comte de Saporta, et en tête duquel on voi^ richement gravée une planche représentant une plaque d’ardoise sur laquelle se trouve une superbe fougère, lui rappelle qu’elle possède dans sa collection un échantillon au moins aussi beau; cet échantillon que M. Bouvet lui a donné, il y a quelques années, avait jusqu’alors été pris, par notre collègue, pour une infiltration pyriteuse. Contrairement à ce que prétend M. de Saporta, ces sortes d’empreintes ne sont pas rares, elles se rencontrent même communément cette année sur les carrières des Fresnaies et de la Paperie, dans les bancs d’ardoises que les ouvriers appellent la pierre rude. M. Gallois, au nom de M. Arnold Montandon, fait don à la Société, pour sa collection, d’un certain nombre de coléoptères recueillis à Broslenii (Moldavie). M. Gallois fait ensuite remarquer que le dernier numéro des Petites nouvelles enlomoîogiqiies contient la description d’un nouveau coléoptère, trouvé dans une grotte dudépartement des BassesPyrénées, par M. Lucante, membre correspondant, et que M. de Saülcy a nommé : Machœriles Lucantei. M. Bouvet informe l’Assemblée qu’il a fait des démarches auprès de l’Administration municipale dans le but d’obtenir un local convenable, dans lequel on pourrait installer des collections, mais que ces démarches n’ont pu encore aboutir. D’après les Statuts, le bureau devant être renouvelé tous les ans, on passe à l’élection du nouveau bureau pour l’année 1879. Sont nommés : Président : M. Bouvet. Yice-Précident : M. Hüttemin. Secrétaire : M. Gallois. Vice-Secrétaire-Trésorier : M. Baron. Archiviste : M. Aubert. L’ordre du jour étant épuisé, la séance est levée à 10 h. 1/2. Le Secrétaire, Eug. Güérard. _,• 23 — Séance du 9 janvier 1879. Le procès-verbal de la dernière séance est lu et adopté. Les ouvrages ci-après, envoyés depuis cette séance, sont déposés sur le bureau : La feuille des Jeunes Naîuralisles , n» 99. Bulletin de la Société d' Éludes des sciences naturelles de Nîmes, 6® année, n^> 10, Société linnéenne du nord de la France, n®s 77, 78. Société eniomologique de Belgique, bulletins n®s 57^ 58. Fariboles Saintongeoises, n®s H et 12. M. le président Bouvet donne communication à l’Assemblée d’une note parue dans le dernier numéro de h Feuille des Jeunes Naturalistes , annonçant la fondation récente, à Bordeaux et à Morlaix , d’associations semblables à la nôtre, et contenant, à cette occasion, une appréciation fort élogieuse de notre œuvre. Des remerciements sont adressés à M. Dollfüs, pour ce qu’il y a de bienveillant, pour nous, dans cet article de la Feuille. M. G.4LLOIS est heureux de faire connaître que le fondateur de la Société scientifique de Morlaix Hervé, notaire, membre correspondant de la Société d’Etiides scientifiques d'Angers. M. Gallois donne ensuite lecture d’une circulaire à adresser aux instituteurs du département pour les engager à faire partie de notre Société, à rechercher et à faire rechercher par leurs élèves, les diverses productions naturelles de leur localité, et à nous tournir les matériaux et renseignements intéressants qu’ils pourraient recueillir dans leur commune, afin d’établir exacte ment le bilan de nos richesses naturelles ; la Société d' Études scientifiques s’offrant , en échange , de venir en aide aux insti tuteurs pour rétablissement des collections scolaires qu’ils voudraient organiser. Cette circulaire est adoptée après quelques légères modifica tions, et il est décidé qu’elle sera sous peu de jours expédiée aux destinataires. Le même membre présente à l’Assemblée une note de M. Giraüdias, membre correspondant, sous le litre : les insectes — 24 — des environs de Palluau {Vendée). Notre collègue, qui nous a déjà donné de bons travaux de botanique, nous présente, dans celte note, la liste de 470 espèces ou variétés de coléoptères capturés par lui au Palluau ; il se propose de compléter ce travail et de donner à la Société, aussitôt qu’il aura des matériaux suffisants, un Catalogue détaillé et méthodique des coléoptères de la Vendée. MM. Bouvet et Gallois présentent pour faire partie de la Société, en qualité de membre titulaire, M. Chaïeau, officier d’ Académie, directeur d’assurances à Angers. Il est procédé ensuite à la nomination de deux membres devant composer, avec le bureau, la commission de publication du bulletin. MM. Aubeux et Constant Hoüdet sont élus et il est décidé que celte commission se réunira à la fin de ce mois pour revoir les derniers travaux à insérer au bulletin actuellement sous presse. L’ordre du jour étant épuisé, la séance est levée. Le secrétaire, J. Gallois. Séance du 6 février 1879. Le compte-rendu de la précédente séance est lu et adopté. Les ouvrages ciaprès, envoyés pour la bibliothèque, depuis cette dernière réunion, sont déposés sur le bureau : La feuille des Jeunes Naturalistes . n<> 100. Société royale de botanique de Belgique , bulletin de la séance du 4 janvier. Bulletin de la Société des sciences naturelles de Neufchâtel, tome XI , 2® cahier. Fariboles Saintongeoises , no 13. Congrès international des sciences anthropologiques, 1878. {Rapport sur lapaléoelhnologie). Bulletin de la Société des sciences naturelles de Nîmes. k.hjckmE,notesentomologiques. ~ 25 — Sur la proposition de M. le Président, l’Assemblée décide que le Bulletin de la Société sera échangé à l’avenir : i» avec le Guide du NcUuraUste ^ revue bibliographique des sciences naturelles, publié par M. A. Bouvier, et dont le premier numéro vient d’être adressé à la Société; 2® avec la Revue de Mycologie, dont le premier bulletin vient également de paraître. M. Bouvet annonce que M. Gillet, d’Alençon, continuant ses belles publications sur les champignons qui croissent en France, vient de faire paraître la première livraison des Dijsco mycètes, et que M. Ed. André, de Beaune, Côte-d’Or, va entre prendre la publication d’un Spéciès des hyménoptères d'Europe ; il met sous les yeux des membres présents le prospectus de ces publications, et appelle l’attention des spécialistes sur ces divers travaux. M. Louvet communique également les statuts d’une nouvelle Société qui vient de se fonder à Marseille, sous le titre : Société Botanique et horticole de Provence. La Société d' Eludes scientifiques d’Angers est heureuse de trouver parmi les organi sateurs de cette association des noms amis, et elle fait des vœux pour la réussite de l’œuvre. M. le Président fait ensuite connaître que la commission de publication s’est réunie le 25 janvier ; qu’elle a examiné les derniers travaux envoyés et a décidé Lmsertion dans le bulletin actuellement sous presse, des deux notes ci-après de M. Labbé Rouchy : Le Jordanisme et t’anti-Jordanisme et sur quelques espèces dites Jordaiiiques. M. Levât donne ensuite lecture d’un travail intitulé : La maladie des châtaigniers. Aux diverses maladies qui ont affligé dans ces derniers temps et affligent encore la vigne, les pommes de terre, les mûriers, en Europe, et le caféier au Brésil, est venue s’ajouter une nouvelle affection morbide, observée depuis quelques années dans les châtaigneraies de différents points de la France et de Litalie, et due à la présence et à la propagation d’un mycélium ou blanc de champignon, se montrant d’abord à la surface des racines, amenant un dépérissement rapide de l’arbre et entraînant sa mort dans l’espace de deux ou trois ans au maximum. M. Levât décrit en détail cette sorte d’infection parasitaire qui a déjà causé de grands ravages dans les Vosges, la Lozère et une partie du Gard; il énumère les causalités probables de celle maladie, enregistre les diverses moyens caralifs préconisés jusqu’ici, et, en présence de ces nombreux fléaux si préjudiciables depuis quelques années à nos productions agricoles et horticoles, notre collègue demande que la phytologie ait, comme l’anthropologie, une sorte de clinique médicale appliquée aux plants utiles, et il fait des vœux pour que la thérapeutique végétale suive en France les traces glorieuses de la thérapeutique animale. Des remerciements sont adressés à M. Levât pour son inté ressante communication, et il est décidé que ce travail sera inséré dans le premier bulletin que publira la Société. M. Bouvet présente à l’Assemblée, en mêmetemps que des plaques d’ardoises provenant de Trelazé, et contenant des débris de tiges d'Eopleris Morierei , ‘ d’autres schistes ardoisiers , recueillis à la carrière de Roc-Épine près l’étang Saint-Nicolas , et présentant quantité de dessins pyriteux, en forme d’arborisa tion; notre Président a cru voir là des empreintes végétales et a soumis plusieurs de ces échantillons à l’examen de M. de Saportâ; mais le savant auteur du Monde des Plantes n’y reconnaît que de simples infiltrations pyriteuses n’ayant rien d’une véritable empreinte végétale. Une discussion s’engage sur ce point; les échantillons pré sentés passent de main en main et plusieurs membres expriment l’avis que le sulfure de fer n’a pu être déposé entre les feuillets de ces schistes qu’au contact de débris organiques ; d’autres membres ne voient dans ces dessins que des dentrites pyriteuses. M. Levât demande si le Cyclamen neapolitanum découvert récemment dans le département du Aar existe à l’état spontané en Maine-et-Loire ? M. Bouvet répond que cette plante a été signalée par Bureau, dans le parc du Couboureau, commune du Longeron. M. Bouvet dit qu’il a rencontré aujourd’hui même, dans le chemin de Roc-Épine, plusieurs pieds de Nardosmia fragrans et que cette plante semble naturalisée dans cette localité. M. Bouvet annonce également qu’il est ailé, accompagné de MM. Huttemin et Constant Houdet, visiter la ballastière ouverte du côté d’Écouflant, sur la ligne du chemin de fer de l’Ouest, où des fossiles avaient été signalés ; ces Messieurs n’ont pu recueillir — 27 — qiran bel échantillon d’un spongiaire indéterminé et quelques débris de la même espèce. M. Baron communique à l’Assemblée l’état ci-après de la Société au 31 décembre 1878 : En caisse au 31 décembre 1878 90.69 Recettes en 1878 510.55 Total G31.2T Dépenses en 1878 459.85 Reste en caisse au 31 décembre 1878 . . 171.39 M. Baron fait connaître en même temps que des sommes importantes sont encore dues à la Société pour des cotisations en retard, se rapportant aux dernières années, et il donne l’état ci-après de ces dettes ; Cotisations dues sur Tannée 1873 40 fr, . )■) — 1874 45 » — 1875 110 » 1876 240 1877 315 ï) — 1878 525 >) Total 1.275fr.» Il est décidé qu’un nouvel appel sera fait aux retardataires, qu’un dernier délai leur sera accordé pour se libérer , et qu’à l’avenir , l’article du règlement sera rigoureusement mis à exécution. L’Assemblée admet ensuite à Funanimité, au nombre de ses membres titulaires, M, Chateau, officier d’ Académie, directeur d’assurances à Angers , présenté à la précédente séance par MM. Bouvet et Gallois. L’ordre du jour étant épuisé, la séance est levée. » Le secrétaire , J. Gallois. 28 ~ Séance du 9 mars 1879. Le procès-verbal de la séance du 6 février est lu et adopté. M. le Président dépose sur le bureau les ouvrages ci-après envoyés pour la bibliothèque depuis cette dernière réunion. Révista scientiflco indiislriale, anno XI, n» 3. Société d' histoire naturelle de Toulouse^ 11® année, 1876-77 et 12® année 1877-78, 1®^ et 2® fascicules. Bulletin de la Société d’Eludes des sciences naturelles de Nîmes y 6® année, n® 12. Feuille des Jeunes Naturalistes, n® 101. Acta JiQrti Petropolilani, tome Y, fasc. 2. A propos de ces envois faits à la Société, en échange du Bulletin, M. Bouvet croit qu’il serait utile d’établir après chaque séance, ainsi que cela se pratique dans la plupart des sociétés savantes, un résumé des divers ouvrages envoyés, une sorte de rapport bibliographique, signalant les principaux travaux con tenus dans ces recueils, et mettant chaque sociétaire à même de connaître ce qui peut paraître d’intéressant dans la partie des sciences dont il s’occupe. — Cette idée de notre Président est partagée par les membres présents et il est décidé séance tenante qu’elle sera mise à exécution dès la première réunion. Sur la demande qui lui en est adressée, M. Hüttemin veut bien se charger pour la prochaine séance du rapport bibliogra phique des ouvrages qui viennent d’être reçus. M. le Président donne ensuite lecture de la circulaire de M. le Ministre de l’instruction publique relative à la 17® réunion des délégués des Sociétés savantes qui aura lieu à la Sorbonne les 16, 17, 18 et 19 avril prochain. M. le Dr Trouessart demande à représenter la Société d’Études scientifiques d’Angers à ce 17® Congrès de la Sorbonne et il se propose de lire à la section des sciences naturelles son travail intitulé : Considérations générales sur la répartition géographique des Chéiroptères à la surface du globe comparée à celle des autres mammifères terrestres. — L’Assemblée est heureuse de cette bonne détermination de notre collègue qui représentera dignement notre jeune association à ces grandes assises de la science. M. ï3ouvet ajoute que si d’autres membres désiraient prendre part à cette réunion, ils auraient à le faire connaître au plus tôt, pour que la liste de nos délégués puisse être adressée au minis tère dans les délais voulus. Continuant le dépouillement de la correspondance, M. le Président annonce que M. Bône, notre collègue, pharmacien au Lude, promet l’envoi prochain d’une note sur quelques plantes intéressantes recueillies par lui dans les communes de Broc, Chigné et Genneteil (Maine-et-Loire). M. Bouvet communique ensuite une lettre par laquelle M. Rübattel, de Berne, fait connaître qu’il se voit forcé, pour se livrer sans désemparer à ses études médicales, de donner sa démission de membre correspondant. — Cette démission est acceptée. M. Gallois annonce que M. Achille Raffray, membre corres pondant de la Société, vient d’être nommé vice-consul de France à Massaouah (Ethiopie). — Cette nouvelle est accueillie avec un vif plaisir par les membres présents. - L’envoi de notre zélé et intelligent compatriote à ce poste de Massaouah, voisin des fertiles provinces abyssiniennes qu’il a déjà si fructueusement explorées, en même temps qu’il assure l’intérêt de nos nationaux dans ces lointains pays, promet d’abondantes et merveilleuses moissons pour nos grandes collections scientifiques. M. Levât donne ensuite lecture d’un travail intitulé Ehrenberg et ses travaux. Avec ce style chaud et coloré qui lui est fami lier notre collègue retrace l’existence pleine de dévouement à la science du célèbre micrographe Christian Ehrenberg, né à Delitzoh (Saxe), le 19 août 1795, mort à Berlin le 27 juin 1870 ; il nous entretient de ses travaux étonnants et sublilnes sur les zoophiles, les infusoires, les animalcules phosphorescents, les champi gnons et les algues microscopiques et paie un juste tribut de louanges à cet ardent champion des études microscopiques. Le récit de M. Levât intéresse vivement l’assemblée, et M. Bouvet se fait Vinterprète des membres présents pour remercier noire collègue de cette communication que la Société sera heureuse de publier. Notre président ajoute qu’il serait désireux de voir 30 — cette notice donner à quelques membres de notre Société le goût des études micrographiques, cette mine inépuisable d’inté ressantes découvertes scientifiques, malheureusement bien délaissée jusqu’ici parmi nous. M. Levât fait don à la Société pour ses collections minéra logiques d’un échantillon de beauxite (hydrate d’alumine) pro venant de Yilleveyrac. Répondant à l’invitation qui leur a été adressée par la circu laire envoyée récemment aux instituteurs du département : MM. Frouin, directeur du pensionnai Chevrollier et Goulbault, professeur à l’École normale d’Angers, demandent à faire partie de la Société comme membres titulaires. L’assemblée accueille avec un vif plaisir ces deux candidatures et elle décide que MM. Frouin et Coulbault sont dès main tenant admis. D’un autre côté plusieurs chels d'institutions se proposent d’organiser des collections scolaires, et ces jours-ci deux insti tuteurs de la ville, M. Bretaüdière, directeur de l’école du boulevard de Laval et Gaillard, directeur de l’école du faubourg Saint-Michel, sont venus solliciter l’aide de la Société pour l’organisation de semblables collections. La Sociélé d'Etudes scientifiques d'Angers est heureuse de voir les instituteurs entrer dans celte voie et elle fera tout ce qui lui sera possible pour leur venir en aide, espérant qu’en échange ces Messieurs voudront bien faire participer l’Association aux découvertes intéressantes qui pourront résulter de leurs recherches. il est décidé séance tenante qu’une commission de trois membres sera spécialement chargée de correspondre avec les instituteurs du département et de prêter son concours à l’établis sement des musées scolaires. — MM. Bouvet, Aubert et Levât sont nommés membres de cette commission. MM. Bouvet et Gallois présentent pour faire partie de la Société comme membres correspondants : 1® M. Gasnault, instituteur à SaintSaturnin (Maine-et Loirej: 2® M. Béthune, clerc de notaire à Reims (Marne), et MM. Bouvet et Huttemin présentent comme membre titulaire — 31 ~ M. Mathorel, commis à la direction des postes et télégraphes à Angers. L’ordre du jour étant épuisé, la séance est levée. Le Secrétaire, J. Gallois. Séance du 3 avril 1879. En l’absence de M. Bouvet, retenu à la Mairie d’Angers pour une commission du Conseil municipal, M. Hüttemin, vice président prend place au fauteuil. L’ordre du jour de la précédente séance est lu et adopté. Les ouvrages ci-après, envoyés pour la bibliothèque, sont déposés sur le bureau. Mémoires de la Société des sciences physiques et naturelles de Bordeaux, Tome ill, 1®'" Cahier. Société linnéenne du nord de la France, n®® 79, 80, 81. Bîillelin de la Société des sciences naturelles de Nîmes, 7® année, n® 1. Annales de la Société d' horticullure et d’histoire naturelle de l’Hérault, tome X, n® 5. Recueil des travaux de la Société médicale du département d’Indreet -Loire, année 1878. Feuille des Jeunes Naturalistes, n^ 102. First annual report of lhe imiied siales, — Enîomological commission, etc. (Rapport annuel de la commission entoino iogi]ue des États-Unis pour l’année 1877, concernant les Locus rides et autres insectes des montagnes rocheuses). Isaac Pereire. ~ La question des chemins de fer, 1 bro chure 1879. Eugène Guérard. - Observation d’un kiste folliculaire de la dent de sagesse inférieure. M. Hüttemin, chargé du rapport bibliographique à la précé dente séance, présente un résumé fort bien fait des différents m travaux contenus dans les publications envoyées à la Société en échange de notre Bulletin ou oflerls à la bibliothèque pendant le mois de mars. L’Assemblée remercie M. le Rapporleur de son intéressante communication et le prie de vouloir bien se charger du même travail pour la réunion du 1er jnai. M. Hüttemin veut bien’ accepter. M. le Dr Trouessart donne ensuite lecture du mémoire qu’il se propose de lire à la section des sciences naturelles du prochain congrès de la Sorbonne, en qualité de délégué de la Société d’Éliides scientifiques d'Angers. Dans ce travail notre savant collègue se livre à des considérations d'un vif intérêt sur la répartition géographique des chéiroptères à la surface du globe en la comparant à celle des autres mammifères terrestres. M. Hüttemin se faisant l’interprète des membres présents remercie M. le D^ Trouessart de l’intéressante conmiunication qu’il vient de faire et sollicite pour la Société la faveur de publier cet important travail dans le premier Bulletin qu’elle fera paraître. M. le Président communique ensuite à l’assemblée la première partie du travail de M. Lucante, membre correspondant, intitulé Essai géographique sur les cavernes de la France et de l'étranger. Cette partie concerne la région du sud de la France, la plus riche en excavations naturelles ; elle comprend la nomenclature complète de ces cavernes, la description des plus importantes et renferme d’intéressants renseignements sur les diverses produc tions naturelles que Ton peut y rencontrer ; elle est suivie d’une partie bibliographique fort bien faite. Le consciencieux travail de notre collègue sera. très utile à consulter par tout naturaliste désireux de se livrer aux explorations cavernicoles. Cette première partie du mémoire de M. Lucante qui sera précédée de quelques pages d’introduction sera publiée suivant la décision précédemment prise, dans le premier Bulletin que fera paraître la Soci'été. M. Gallois fait connaître que dans un voyage qu’il a fait à Paris vers le milieu de mars, il s’est enquis, au ministère de l’instruction publique d’ouvrages scientifiques promis à la Société au début de son organisation et qu’elle n'a point reçus jusqu’ici. •33 Un don à notre association d’une vingtaine de volumes avait bien fait l’objet, en 1872, d’un arrêté ministériel; mais cet arrêté ne nous ayant point été notifié, ces livres n’avaient pas été réclamés ; conservés quelques années aux archives du ministère à notre intention, ils avaient depuis été octroyés à d’autres Sociétés. Sur une nouvelle demande de M. Gallois appuyée par plusieurs fonctionnaires bienveillants du ministère, un nouvel arrêté, nous accordant un lot d’ouvrages récents de physique, de chimie et d’histoire naturelle, a été signé par M. le Ministre de l’instruction publique, et ces ouvrages pourront être réclamés par le délégué qui représentera la Société au prochain congrès de la Sorbonne. M. Gallois annonce en outre qu’il a profité de sa présence à l’hôtel de la rue de Grenelle pour solliciter la bienveillance du ministère en faveur de la Société d'Éludes scientifiques d'Angers. Il a dit ce que cette Association avait fait jusqu’ici avec les faibles moyens dont elle avait pu disposer — les seules cotisations de ses membres — aucun secours n’ayant pu être obtenu du Conseil général de Maine-et-Loire, malgré des demandes réitérées; il a ajouté que l’œuvre fondée à Angers en 1871 par quelques jeunes naturalistes, avait donné l’exemple à de nombreuses institutions semblables et portant le même titre : Société d'Etudes scienti fiques et établies également par des jeunes gens à Nancy, à Nîmes, à Lyon, à Marseille, à Paris, etc.; puis il a parlé de notre récente circulaire aux instituteurs du département, les engageant à venir grossir nos rangs et à former des musées scolaires, en même temps que de notre intention d’organiser, au siège de la Société, des collections d’étude pour les diverses branches des sciences naturelles. — M. Gallois ajoute que M. le Sous “Directeur du ministère, chargé du service des Sociétés savantes, a bien voulu s’intéresser vivement à notre œuvre et nous engager à adresser à M. le Ministre une demande de secours motivée. L’Assemblée décide que cette demande sera établie par le bureau, qui devra solliciter, pour l’appuyer, le haut patronage de M. le Préfet de Maine-et-Loire et de M. Maillé, qui, à plusieurs reprises, se sont montrés très bienveillants pour notre Société, dont ils ont bien :oulu accepter le titre de membres honoraires. 3 — 34 — M. Hüttemin annonce que la salle que M. le Maire d’Angers a mise à la disposition de la Société, à l’École supérieure, rue Courte, va être reparée ces jours-ci et que nous pourrons très prochainement en prendre possession. M. Mathorel, commis à la direction des postes et télégraphes à Angers, présenté à la précédente séance comme membre titulaire, est élu à l’unanimité. Il en est de même de MM. Gasnault, instituteur à Saint Saturnin et Béthune, clerc de notaire à Reims, présentés comme membres correspondants. M. Gallois présente ensuite, comme membre correspondant, M. Planchenault Louis, sous -économe à l’Asile de Sainte Gemmes. L’élection est renvoyée à la séance du l^r mai. L’ordre du jour étant épuisé, la séance est levée. Le Secrétaire, J. Gallois. Séance du mai 1879. Le procès-verbal de la séance du 3 avril est lu et adopté. M. le Président communique à l’Assemblée les livres et bro chures ci-après, envoyés pour la bibliolhèque, depuis cette der nière réunion, en échange du Bulletin. BîiUelin de la Société Vaudoise des sciences naturelles, 2® série, vol. XVI. Guide du Naturaliste, année, n° 3. Bulletin de la Société d'études des sciences naturelles de Nîmes, 7« année, n« 2. Bulli tin de la Société d'études des sciences naturelles de Béziers, 1878, 3« année, fascicule. La Lumière électrique, journal universel d’électricité, i. Compte-rendu des séances de la Société royale de botanique de Belgique, année 1879, séance du 5 avril. Hevue politique et littéraire, no 43. — 35 — Revue Scientifique de la France et de l’étranger^ n® 43. Renseignements pholographiques, par Ch. Fabre. Feuills des Jeunes Naturalistes, n® 103. M. le E. Joly, membre correspondant, adresse à la Société un exemplaire de son travail intitulé : Récentes captures de Prosopüomas dans la Garonne. Et M. Gallois présente à l’Assemblée , de la part de M. Héron-Royer, deux travaux parus dans le dernier Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France et intitulés : 1“ De la fécondité des batraciens anoures: Rana îemporaria et Bufo mlgaris ; 2® Le Têtard de la grenouille agile et Note pour reconnaître celui du Pelody le ponctué. M. le Dr Troüessart, présent à la séance, donne pour la bibliothèque, un exemplaire de deux mémoires qu’il a publiés récemment sous le titre : Note sur des espèces de Gibbons et de Semnopühèques propres à la Birmanie anglaise et à la presqu’île de Malacca, et Essai de détermination des prétendues espèces nouvelles de chauves-souris décrites par Crespon dans sa faune méridionale. M. Levât offre également à la Société un travail intitulé : Propositions nouvelles de géométrie pratique. ■ Des remerciements sont adressés à MM. Joly, Héron-Royer, Troüessart et Levât. M. Bouvet dépose ensuite sur le bureau les ouvrages ci-après qu’il vient de rapporter de Paris et qui ont été accordés à la Société par M. le Ministre de rinsimction publique, suivant arrêté en date du 25 mars dernier : 1® Mission scientifique au Mexique et dans l’ Amérique cen trale. — Voyages géologigiies dans les Républiques de Guatemala et de Salvador, Paris, 1868, 1 vol. in-f® avec planches. 2® întroducHon au rapport du jury de l'Exposition de 1867, 1 vol. 3® M.-A. Gaudin. — Architecture du monde des atomes, Paris, Gaulhier-Yillars, 1873, 1 vol. 4® Angelo de Gubernatis. — Mythologie zoologique ou les légendes animales, traduit de l’anglais par Paul Renard. — Paris, 1874, A. Durand et Pedone Lauriel, 2 vol. 5® Lecoq. — Annuités variables en fonction de temps, 1 vol. — 36 — 00 M. Becquerel. — Forces physko-cMmiques , Paris , Firmin Didot, 1875, 1 voî. et atlas. 7® A. Terreil. — Traité pratique des essais au chalumeau ^ Paris, F. Savy, 1875, 1 vol. 8® Berthelot. — La Synthèse chimique , Paris , Geraier Baillière, 1879, 1 vol. 9® De Qüatrefages. L'Espèce humaine ^ Paris, Germer Baillière, 1877 , 1 vol. 10® Gaudry. — Les Enchaînements du monde anmal dans les temps géologiques, Paris, G. Savy, 1878, 1 vol. Il® Hétet. — Cours de chimie générale élémentaire^ Paris, E. Lacroix, 1875, 2 vol. 12® Dr E. Fournier. — Essais psychologiques (La Bête et V homme), Paris, Didier et G®, 1877, 1 vol. 13® Marey. — La Machine animale , Paris , Germer Baillière, 1878, 1 vol. 1-i® Ch. Sainte-Claire Deville. — Coup d'œil historique sur la géologie et sur les travaux d'Elie de Beaumont , Paris , G. Masson, 1878, 1 vol. Ces volumes, récents, fort variés et d’un véritable intérêt scien tifique, viennent de nous être attribués à la place de ceux qui nous avaient été octroyés en 1872 et que nous n’avions pu, faute d’avis , faire retirer du ministère. La Société d’Études scientifiques d’Angers remercie M. le Ministre de l’Instruction publique du don gracieux qu’il a bien voulu lui faire, et en présence de la rareté et de la pauvreté des ouvrages scientifiques à la bibliothèque de la ville, elle ose solli citer de nouveau la bienveillance de M. le Ministre pour les doubles de publication en histoire naturelle, botanique, hygiène, ou chimie dont il pourrait disposer dans les archives de son ministère. M. Huttemin est de nouveau chargé du rapport bibliographique des ouvrages reçus. M. le Dr Troüessart engage la Société à envoyer les volumes parus de son Bulletin à la Smithsonian institution de Washington qui récemment nous a adressé un intéressant volume de ses travaux entomologiques et qui est désireuse de correspondre avec les associations scientifiques de France. L’Assemblée accepte 37 — avec plaisir celle proposition et elle prie M. ïroüessart d’être son interprète pour solliciter l’échange des publications de la Société sraithsonienne avec le Bulletin àe la Société d^Études scientifiques d’Angers, M. le Président donne lecture d’un nouveau travail que vient de nous adresser M. le Joly, membre correspondant : Sur la nymphe du genre d’éphemerines Bœîisca. L’Assemblée décide que cet intéressant mémoire qui fait suite aux travaux de notre savant collègue parus dans nos précédents Bulletins, sera inséré dans le premier fascicule que publiera la Société. M. le Dr Trouessart entretient ensuite l’Assemblée du récent Congrès scientifique de la Sorbonne auquel il a assisté comme délégué de la Société et donne un intéressant résumé des travaux les plus importants présentés à cette dix-septième réunion des Sociétés savantes. La Société d’études scientifiques d’Angers a été heureuse de se voir représentée à ces grandes assises de la science par notre savant et zélé collègue, auquel ont été confiées, dès la première séance, les fonctions de secrétaire de la section des sciences naturelles, et qui a donné lecture dans celte section d’un travail fort apprécié sur la répartition géographique des Chéiroptères à la surface du globe. M. Bouvet se lait l’interprète de l’Assemblée pour remercier M. le D^ Trouessart du service qu’il a rendu a notre association et de l’intéressante communication qu’il vient de faire. La Société a également vu avec un vif plaisir figurer les noms de plusieurs de ses membres titulaires ou correspondants parmi les auteurs des différents travaux lus dans les diverses sections du Congrès, entre autres ceux de MM. Levât, Lemarié, Rouchy, Delage. A l’occasion de cette communication, M. le président Bouvet fait connaître à l’Assemblée que les deux cartes de circulation demandées pour M. le Trouessart et pour lui-même, comme délégués de la Société d’études scientifiques d'Angers au dernier Congrès de la Sorbonne, ne nous ont pas été envoyées directement et ont été vainement réclamées à la Préfecture de Maine-et-Loire, où elles ne seraient pas parvenues avant l’ouverture du Congrès, bien que la demande en ait été faite au ministère dans les délais — 38 voulus et dans les termes indiqués par la circulaire ministérielle, et alors que d’autres cartes étaient adressées, par l’intermédiaire de la Préfecture, aux délégués des Sociélés Académique et Indus trielle d'Angers M. le D* Trouessart se rendit néanmoins à Paris pour repré senter la Société. Une carte de circulation lui hit remise pour son retour, et on l’assura au ministère que les deux cartes demandées par la Société d' Eludes scientifiques d' Angers avaient été envoyées à la Préfecture de Maine-et Loire en même temps que celles destinées aux délégués des deux autres Sociétés angevines. L’Assemblée charge son Bureau d’éclaircir ce fait insolite, d’autant plus qu’une demande semblable, adressée il y a trois ans, au ministère pour l’une des précédentes réunions de la Sorbonne, n’avait pas mieux abouti. M. Bouvet fait connaître ensuite que M. l’abbé Journet, aumônier au pensionnat de Saint-Didier, par Thoissey (Ain), inscrit jusqu’ici comme membre correspondant de la Société, vient de refuser* le dernier Bulletin qui lui a été envoyé. L’Assemblée décide que M. Journet, qui n’a pas, d’ailleurs, soldé la dernière cotisation, sera rayé des cadres de l’association. Il est ensuite procédé à l’élection de M. Plânchenaült, pré senté à la précédente séance comme membre correspondant. M. Planchenault est admis à l’unanimité. M. Moreau, Armand, employé à la trésorerie générale de Maine-et-Loire, qui avait fait partie de la Société en 1873 et 187L, et ne nous avait quitté que pour satisfaire au service militaire, sollicite de nouveau le titre de membre titulaire. L’Assemblée est heureuse de pouvoir reinscrire M. Moreau sur ses cadres. M. le Président annonce que la salle du bâtiment de l’école supérieure, rue Courte, qui nous a été accordée par la ville, est actuellement en réparation , et que tout fait espérer que la pro chaine réunion de la Société pourra avoir lieu dans ce nouveau local. L’ordre du jour étant épuisé, la séance est levée. Le secrétaire, J. Gallois. — 39 — Séance du 5 juin 1879. Le compte-rendu de ia précédente réunion est lu et adopté. La Société d' Eludes scientifiques d' Angers se réunit aujour d’hui pour la première fois dans la salle que la municipalité angevine a mise à sa disposition dans les bâtiments communaux de la rue Courte. Cette salle est spacieuse, propre, bien éclairée et se prêtera bien à rétablissement des collections scientifiques que la Société se propose d’y installer. L’Assemblée ouvre sa séance en votant des remerciements à M. le Maire d’Angers pour l’octroi qu’il a bien voulu faire à la Société de ce nouveau local. M. le Président dépose sur le bureau les publications ci-après envoyées pour la bibliothèque depuis la réunion du Q]ai. Bulletin de la Société d'Eludes des sciences naturelles de Nîmes iS79y n» 3. Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique^ tonies XX et XXL Comptes-rendus de la même Société, Bulletins n^s 58, 59, 60, 61, 62. Société royale de Botanique de Belgique. — Programme de l’herborisation générale de 1879 et compte-rendu de la séance du 4 mai 1879. Bulletin de la Société linnéenne de la Charente-Inférieure, 2e année, 3® et 4e trimestres de 1878. La lumière électrique. — Journal d'électricité, n« 2. Déséglise et Durand, — Descriptions de nouvelles menthes. M. liüTTEMiN lit epsuite son rapport bibliographique sur les différents ouvrages reçus à la précédente séance. M. le Président, au nom des membres présents remercie M. Huttemin de l’intéressant résumé qu’il vient de faire des diverses publications échangées avec le Bulletin de la Société, et le prie de vouloir bien conserver jusqu’à la fin de l’année ces fonctions de rapporteur dont il s’acquitte à la satisfaction générale. M. Levât donne lecture d’un travail intitulé : VArt de conserver — 40 — les cadavres. — Après avoir passé en revue les divers modes employés, dans les temps anciens et dans les divers pays, pour soustraire à la désorganisation la dépouille des morts illustres, et donner à ces morts un simulacre d’immortalité, notre collègue décrit les moyens employés actuellement pour l’injection et la conservation des cadavres, et constate les importants progrès dus sous ce rapport à la chimie moderne. Des remerciements sont adressés à M. Levât pour cette communication qui a vivement intéressé l’Assemblée-. M. Trouessart, tout en reconnaissaotles progrès signalés par M. Levât pour ce qui concerne la dessiccation, l’injection et la conservation des cadavres, dit qu’il reste encore beaucoup à faire pour soustraire à Faction de l’air atmosphérique, et partant à la décomposition, et conserver d’une façon suffisante pour l’étude les pièces anatomiques intéressantes et les raretés zoolo giques, et M. Bouvet relate également les tentatives infruc tueuses tentées jusqu’ici pour la conservation des champignons dans leur état naturel. M. Gallois, à ce propos, dit qu'il espère présenter prochaine ment à la Société, de la part de notre collègue, M. de Kirschberg de "Vienne, des insectes et d’autres petits animaux conservés en parlait état, avec leurs formes, leur couleur, leur Iraîcheur, dans une matière translucide, à la façon des insectes fossiles conservés dans l’ambre ; il espère recevoir ces échantillons dans le courant du mois de juillet. M. Gallois pense que ce système serait applicable à la conservation des champignons et à de petites préparations histologiques. M. le Dr Trouessart met ensuite sous les yeux de la Société une carte représentant la distribution géographique des Chéi roptères en France et destinée à la Faune comparée des mammi fères de France., dont il recueille les matériaux en ce moment. Le mode de notation employé sur cette carte pour représenter la répartition des espèces, est généralement peu connu, bien qu’il soit incontestablement supérieur à tous les autres procédés de notation usités en chorologie et en œcologie. Ce procédé a été adopté par M. Alphonse Milne-Edwards, pour les caries dont il se sert à son cours public au Muséum d’Histoire naturelle de Paris. Il consiste à représenter les espèces par un signe de - 41 — convention, de couleur et de formes particulières pour chacune d’elles : on figure ce signe sur tous les points géographiques où l’espèce a été observée, puis l’on réunit ces différents points par une simple ligne, de la même couleur que les signes qu’elle relie entre eux. On peut ainsi suivre facilement la distribution géogra phique d’une espèce, et l’on peut remarquer que les lignes qui relient souvent des signes plus ou moins éloignés, donnent de fortes probabilités relativement à l’existence dans les localités intermédiaires de l’espèce considérée. Cette notation indique également, d’une façon très claire, la marche des migrations pour les espèces voyageuses; elle peut s’appliquer à toutes les branches de la zoologie, aussi bien qu’à la botanique et même à la paléontologie. Pour ce qui a rapport au groupe restreint d’animaux qui l’occupe en ce moment, M. Trouessart fait remarquer que l’histoire naturelle , et spécialement la distribution géographique des Chéiroptères est littéralement à faire en France. Dans la plupart de nos départements on signale, au plus, sept espèces de chauves-souris, c’est-à-dire les espèces communes répandues généralement dans toute l’Europe tempérée. M. Trouessart a déjà constaté {dans sa Revue synoptique des Chéiroptères d’Europe) que la France — à une ou deux exceptions près et peut-être sans exception — possédait toutes les 25 espèces observées en Europe. Dans un prochain mémoire qu’il se propose d’offrir à la Sociélé d'Eludes scientifiques d’Angers, il espère arriver à démontrer que beaucoup de nos départements possè dent de 15 à 20 espèces, et que les moins favorisés en possèdent encore iO à 12, c’est-à-dire le double de ce qui est indiqué dans la plupart des faunes locales. Pour n’en citer qu’un exemple, relatif à la Faune de Maine-et-Loire, le Vespertillo Kuhlü, considéré jusqu’ici comme exclusivement méridional et du bassin de la Méditerranée, paraît avoir été observé non seulement dans ce département, mais encore beaucoup plus au nord, jusque dans les environs de Rouen. La Société d’ Études scientifiques d’Angers qui a suivi avec un vif intérêt les importants travaux déjà publiés par M. Trouessart sur Tordre des Chéiroptères, remercie ce savant et zélé collègue de la présentation et de la communication qu’il vient de lui faire. — 42 — M. Bouvet enfretient ensuite la Société des lacunes que présente notre installation au nouveau local, le mobilier laisse à désirer ; il nous faudrait des vitrines ou des étagères pour installer les divers objets d’histoire naturelle que nous possédons et ceux qui nous sont promis ; d’un autre côté, il faudra s’occuper sans retard des modes d’éclairage et de chauffage à employer. M. Levât propose de se charger de l’éclairage de la salle, à la prochaine réunion, au moyen d’une lampe électrique. Cette proposition est acceptée avec un vif plaisir par l’Assemblée. Puis M. le Président engage les membres de la Société à coopérer dans la mesure du possible à l’aménagement du local et à l’organisation des collections projetées. Sont ensuite présentés pour faire partie de la Société. lo Comme membres titulaires : M. Bonneville, capitaine, en retraite, rue de Paris (Lépidop tériste), présenté par MM. Aubert et Allard ; M. Geslin René, voyageur de la manufacture Besnard, pré senté par MM. Juignet et Bouvet. Comme mem.bre correspondant : M. Daniel Oehlert, bibliothécaire de la ville de Laval (géo logue et paléontologue), présenté par MM. Bouvet et Gallois. L’ordre du jour étant épuisé, la séance est levée. Le Secrétaire, J. Gallois. Séance du 3 juillet 1879. Le compte-rendu de la séance du 5 juin est lu et adopté. M. le Président dépose sur le bureau les ouvrages ci-après, envoyés pour la bibliothèque depuis cette dernière réunion. Annales de la Société Académique de Nantes, 1878-79. Société d'histoire naturelle de Toulouse, 1877-78, Sdascic., et 1879, 1er tascic. Bulletin de la Société d' Études scientifiques de Nîmes ^ 1879. 43 — Actes de la Société linnéenne de Bordeaux, vol. XXXIII, livraison. Annales de la Société dlioriiculkire et d'histoire naturelle de rBérauU, 2® série, tome IL Bulletin de la Société linnéenne de Normandie, 3® série, et 2® volumes. La feuille des Jeunes Naturalistes , 105. La Lumaère électrique, n® 3. Album du mobilier scolaire. Trouessart. Revue .synoptique des Chéiroptères d'Europe. M. Bouvet donne communication d’une lettre qu’il vient de recevoir de M. le Président de l'Association française pour r avancement des sciences , faisant connaître que la huitième réunion de cette association se tiendra cette année à Montpellier, du 28 août au 4 septembre, invitant la Société d'Etudes scienti fiques à s’y faire représenter, et mettant à sa disposition une carte d’admission aux séances. L’Assemblée décide que cette carte sera demandée à M. le Secrétaire général de l’association pour M. Bréhéret, stagiaire à l’école d’agriculture de Montpel lier, membre correspondant de la Société, qui sera prié de la représenter à cette réunion scientifique. M. Huttemïn donne lecture de son rapport bibliographique sur les ouvrages reçus le mois dernier et des remerciements sont adressés au zélé rapporteur pour le consciencieux résumé qu’il a su faire des diverses publications envoyées. M. le Président présente à l’Assemblée l’Introduction du travail de M. Lucante, intitulé : Essai géographique sur les grottes et cavernes de France et de l'étranger , travail qui doit paraître dans le premier bulletin que publiera la Société. Diverses communications sont faites ensuite sur l’importante migration de papillons, signalée sur différents points delà France dans la première quinzaine de juin. M. le professeur Decharme, présent à la séance, donne d’abord lecture de la note qu'il avait adressée sur ce sujet à l’Académie des sciences et signalant le passage àAngers, le 10 juin, de 8 heures à il heures du matin, d’une quantité considérable de Vanessa cardui (vulgairement la Belle-Dame) accompagnés de quelques Plusia gamma et se dirigeant du sud-est au nord-est. __ 44 — Pour M. Degharme, celle migration a pu être provoquée par les violentes perturbations atmosphériques qui se sont produites dans ces derniers temps. M. le président Bouvet lit ensuite la note ci-après qui vient de lui être envoyée par M. le Trouessârt , de Yillevêque, empêché d’assister à la séance : « On s’est beaucoup occupé dans ces derniers temps , du passage de vols nombreux de papillons qui ont été observés dans diverses localités, particulièrement en France et notamment au dessus de la ville d’Angers. Presque tous ces papillons apparte naient à l’espèce appelée vulgairement Belle-Dame^ la Vanessa cardui Lin. Je crois devoir rappeler à ce sujet que la F. cardui est depuis longtemps signalée par les entomologistes comme un des papillons les plus cosmopolites que l’on connaisse. Cette espèce a été observée dans toutes les régions du globe, à l’excep tion des régions arctiques et de l’Amérique du Sud. On en distingue une race propre à l’Australie et à la Nouvelle-Zélande, tandis que le type se trouve dans les autres îles de la mer du Sud. En Amérique l’espèce ne s’étend pas au-dessus duYenezuela, de la NouvelWGrenade et de l’Équateur. Les naturalistes que ce sujet peut intéresser trouveront une monographie historique très complète de cette espèce dans The American naturalist (1876, tome X, p. 392 et 602) sous le titre de Cosmopolit Butterfly {Un papillon cosmopolite) ^ par M. Samuel Scüdder.
github_open_source_100_8_20250	Github OpenSource	Various open source	import React from "react"; import styled from "@emotion/styled"; import caretLeft from "../../../assets/images/component-icons/caret-left.svg"; import { breakDown } from "../breakpoints"; import { GREY_1, GREY_2, GREY_5, PARAGRAPH_TEXT, CODE_BLOCK_BLACK, WHITE_PRIMARY, ORANGE_PRIMARY, } from "../colors"; import { ROBOTO } from "../typography"; const StyledContainer = styled.div` box-sizing: border-box; height: 50px; width: 100%; border: 1px solid ${GREY_2}; border-radius: 5px; background-color: ${WHITE_PRIMARY}; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; `; const StyledArrowDiv = styled.div` display: flex; height: 19px; margin: 0 10px; opacity: 0.5; color: ${PARAGRAPH_TEXT}; font-family: ${ROBOTO}; font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: 0; line-height: 19px; text-decoration: none; cursor: pointer; :focus, :hover { color: ${CODE_BLOCK_BLACK}; } `; const ArrowIcon = styled.img` width: 8px; margin: 0 10px; `; const StyledUL = styled.ul` margin: unset; padding: unset; display: flex; justify-content: center; list-style: none; margin: 0 10px; @media (${breakDown("xs")}) { display: none; } `; const StyledPageLink = styled.a` height: 30px; width: 30px; padding: 6px; color: ${ORANGE_PRIMARY}; font-family: ${ROBOTO}; font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: 0; line-height: 19px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; :focus, :hover { outline: 0; border-radius: 5px; background-color: ${GREY_1}; color: ${GREY_5}; } `; type Props = { totalPages: number; newerLabel: string; olderLabel: string; }; function NumberedPagination({ totalPages, newerLabel, olderLabel }: Props) { const pageNumbers = []; for (let i = 1; i <= totalPages; i += 1) { pageNumbers.push(i); } return ( <StyledContainer> <StyledArrowDiv> <ArrowIcon src={caretLeft} alt={newerLabel} /> {newerLabel} </StyledArrowDiv> <StyledUL> {pageNumbers.map((item) => ( <StyledPageLink key={item} href="#"> {item} </StyledPageLink> ))} </StyledUL> <StyledArrowDiv> {olderLabel} <ArrowIcon src={caretLeft} alt={olderLabel} style={{ transform: "rotate(180deg)" }} /> </StyledArrowDiv> </StyledContainer> ); } export default NumberedPagination;
memoiroflifeofel02frye_16	English-PD	Public Domain	Seventh Month 8th. — This day I enter with much fear and trembling, as we are looking forward to a very important Meeting to be held at the Westminster Meeting House, at the reqiiest of Hannah Backhouse, to which foreigners of rank and our own nobility are invited. The weight is great — very great from various causes, partly from my fears and doubts, as to women's holding Public Meetings. lUh. — The Meeting was attended by many high in rank. Soon after we assembled, William Allen spoke for some time, then I knelt down and felt much unction and power in prayer for the Queen. After Hannah Backhouse had spoken, in a lively, simple, powerful manner, preaching the truths of the gospel, several went out. I then rose, first endeavouring to show that truth must not be despised, because it came through weak instru- ments. I mentioned, how Anna in the Temple spoke of our Lord, to all who looked for redemption in Israel, how the women first told of our Lord's resurrection, and that their fellow-disciples called it " idle tales." After thus showing that the Lord might see right to use weak instruments, I expressed my feelings towards those present. First, from Scripture, I showed that God is no respecter of persons, that from the palace to the very dungeon, I continually saw this. Then I showed, the important and respon- sible situation of those, who fill high places in the world. Either they would be blessed themselves, and be a blessing to others, as a city set on a hill, their light shining before men ; or they would be of the number of those, through whom, offences come, and therefore with the " curse of the Lord" resting on them. I showed them some of their peculiar temptations, in being clothed 1838.] OF ELIZABETH FRY. 277 in purple and fine linen, and faring- sumptuously every day ; and ■R-arned them, seeking to lead them to Christ, and to eternal glory through Him. At the close, I had a few words to express in the way of exhortation, as to their example in their houses, amongst children and servants, reading the Holy Scriptures, family wor- ship and other points. There was a subject at this time weighing hea\ily upon the mind of Elizabeth Fry, which she turned again and again before she dare dismiss it ; and then, it was more that other calls of duty appeared immediately required of her, than that she delibe- rately abandoned the idea. Her 'brother Joseph John Gurney was pursuing his labours in America, as a minister of the Gospel ; and she doubted, whether it might not be her duty to cross the Atlantic, in order to join him for a time in his visits in the United States, and to accompany him to the West Indies. There were those who thought she ought to go ; but, on the other hand, she knew how entirely it would be against, not only the wishes, but the judgment of her own family. She had learned to trust very little to the opinions of any of her fellow-mortals, and these conflicting views only served to bring her in deeper dependence and more entire self-resignation, to the footstool of her great Master, to learn His will, that she might fulfil it. Whilst she pondered these things, a strong conviction arose in her heart, that there was a present duty for her to fulfil : once more to visit Friends and their Meetings in North Britain ; again to inspect the prisons there, and to communicate with the magistrates and men in authority; whilst the Bill was still pending, which had been brought before the House the preceding Session of Parlia- ment, to improve prisons and prison discipline in Scotland. She laid this concern before her friends, and receiving the assurance of their unity, she left home the 1 1 th of August, with her constant companion, her sister-in-law Elizabeth Fry, and her husband's old and valued friend, John Sanderson. They stayed 278 MEMOIR OF THE LIFE [1838. a night at Birmingliain, and on the 1 -ith of August, arrived at Glen Rotliay, in the vale of Rydal, where the kindest reception awaited them ; but the kindness of their host and hostess ceased not here. Elizabeth Fry's onerous and multiplied objects requir- ing more assistance ; William Ball, a minister among Friends, though not at the time travelling in that character, and peculiarly suited for the undertaking, was prepared, upon her particular re- quest, to leave that beautiful home and accompany them on their way. They left Glen Rothay on the 15th, Mrs. Ball going with them the two first stages. As Mrs. Fry's occupation and great fatigue made it almost impossible for her to write fully to her home party, or to keep a journal of their proceedings ; Mr. Ball undertook both offices. He had never travelled with, or known her so intimately before, and his journal is interspersed with observations on her objects and habits. From it, the account of this journey is chiefly taken. " After being kindly received at G. H. Head's, Bickerby Hall, we left Carlisle : posted four stages to Hawick ; attended a Meet- ing that was appointed for that afternoon, in which our dear friends were enabled to ' labour in the Gospel ;' went on two stages to Torsance Inn, where we slept. " On the 17th, left Torsance about nine o'clock; arrived at Edinburgh to dinner, at our dear aged friend Alexander Cruickshanks ; came on to Kinross to tea, and arrived at Perth in the evening. A fine drive this day ; the approach to Edinbui'gh very striking, also the neighbourhood of Perth ; but the free course of interesting and profitable conversation on the part of our beloved friend, the chief charm of a charming journey. How instructive is her regard to the comfort and the feelings of others, even in little things ! " 18th. — In the carriage about half past six o'clock. From Perth to Cupar Angus to breakfast, in the hope of being at Aberdeen, in time for the Meeting that is held the evening previous to the General Meeting of Friends of Scotland. At Forfar, visited the prison ; it is in very bad order. Changed 1838.] OF ELIZABETH FRY. " 279 horses at Brecliin ; but did not allow ourselves time for dinner, ■which we took in the carriage. At Stonehaven, finding it vain any further to attempt to reach Aberdeen by six o'clock, we rested awhile, and had tea at a very pleasant inn. The drive from Stonehaven to Aberdeen, over hills in view of the sea, is very fine. But we had no time to stop at Ury, (the seat of the Barclay family) which is passed on this route. Arrived at Aberdeen at eight o'clock, and took up our abode at the Royal Hotel. " These journeys are, I trust, not lost time ; we have two Scripture readings daily in the carriage, and much instructive conversation ; also, abundant time for that which is so important, the private reading of the Holy Scripture. This is very precious to dear Elizabeth Fry, and I have thought it a privilege to note her reverent ' marking and learning' of these sacred truths of divine inspiration. Often does she lay down the Book, close her eyes, and wait upon Him, who hath the key of David to open and to seal the instruction of the sacred page. Truly, it helps to explain how her ' profiting appears unto all,' when she is thus diligent and fervent, in ' meditating upon these things, and giving herself wholly to them.' " The first two days at Aberdeen were devoted to attending the Meetings ; and visits to Friends. Among others, one to a very old and valued friend, John Wigham. He had been to her as " a nursing father" in the early part of her religious course. " It was much like the meeting and interchange of parent and child, after long separation and many vicissitudes ; and these last, as they had afiected our dear friend in the interval, were freely spoken of by her, with that deep feeling, chastened into resig- nation, which so remarkably covers her subjected spirit, in relation to these affecting topics. " Some of the serious inhabitants, a clergyman and others, called on us this evening. " 21st. — An agreeable breakfast- visit to Principal Jack, of Old Aberdeen College, and his amiable family ; where we were privileged to partake both of friendly hospitality and Christian 280 MEMOIR OF THE LIFE [1838. fellowship. Visited the prison, in company with our friends A. and M. Wioham, the Provost, Sheriff, Town Clerk, and Baillie Blackie. The Baillie is a valuable man, who has done a great deal for the improvement of the gaol, which Elizabeth Fry finds very materially mended ; in fact, in excellent order. The autho- rities here, are most anxious to facilitate Elizabeth Fry's in- spection, and to forward her views ; well knowing them to be the result of the enlarged observation, and long experience of a practical judicious mind, as well as of close and heartfelt interest in the subject. " A meeting with the ladies of Aberdeen this evening at our Hotel, when prison matters were discussed, and things put in train for formino- a regular association, ere we leave the citv. Elizabeth Fry's capacity for various successive engagements, all of an important nature, is astonishing. Surely, it is because she dwells mentally in the 'quiet habitation,' to which she con- tinually resorts, for the renewal of that calming influence of the Spirit, which purifies the heart, clears the understanding, and rectifies the judgment ; bestowing upon the truly devoted fol- lower of tlie Lamb, ' the spirit of love and of power and of a sound mind." She is both lovely and wonderful on close acquain- tance ; such energy, combined with meekness, and so much power with entire teachableness, are rarely found. " 22nd. — We went to Kinmuck — setting out quite early ; had much satisfaction in being among the Friends there, who seem a kind, serious, simple-hearted people. Returned to Aberdeen late. " 23rd. — After a morning engagement, we were occupied with the principal officers of the gaol who visited us, desiring to have some private conversation with Elizabeth Fry. Then came on .the large meeting of ladies ; nearly two hundred assembled. She had only meant to receive them in our drawing-room, but they flocked in to such degree, that a large assembly room in our Hotel was got ready on the spur of the moment. There was much reading from reports, &c., as well as valuable communi- cation from Elizabeth Fry, to this interesting assembly. Her excellent tact and remarkable facility on these occasions, are admirable. A society was formed for the prisons of Aberdeen 1838.] OF ELIZABETH FRY. 281 and its "sdciuity. The Countess of Errol is Patroness ; the Lady of the Provost, President ; very respectable persons take the other functions. The Provost, Sheriff, and many other gentle- men were in attendance, but, to their e\ident disappointment, were most politely dismissed by our dear friend, who feels it important, as a woman, not to overstep the line which restricts her public addresses to those of her own sex, excepting only in the exercise of the spiritual gift of the Ministry. " Between the formation of the association, and proceeding to select the various officers, Elizabeth Fry read a psalm, spoke very nicely upon it to the ladies, and was then engaged in prayer. This meeting satisfactorily over, we went, accompanied by a large party of gentlemen, magistrates, and others, and many ladies also, to visit the Bridewell. A thorough inspection was made, indeed this visit employed an hour and a half ; all met after- wards in the Committee-room, to hear what Elizabeth Fry had to remark upon the state of this large and important establishment ; she made an excellent address.'"* Embodied afterwards in a letter, — To THE Provost and Magistrates of the City, and Sheriff Depute, and Sheriff Substitute of the County of Aberdeen. On \dsiting the prison of your city, I had much satisfaction in observing the great improvement in the construction of the building, and the arrangement of the yards, since I was last at Aberdeen. The diet also is improved ; but I am of opinion, that the addition of a portion of animal food once a week, is very desirable, and likely to conduce to the preservation of the health of the prisoners. I observe, that the separate system is adopted for tried and untried prisoners, that attention is paid to their instruction, that some employment is provided for them ; and that, upon their dismissal from prison, they are allowed to partake of their earnings. It is satisfactory also, to learn, that a medical man and a chaplain attend the prisoners, but above ail, that it is intended 282 MEMOIR OF THE LIFE [1838. to appoint a female officer to have the oversight and care of the female prisoners. This arrangement is, under any circumstances, important, but peculiarly so when the prisoners are separately confined. There is an obvious impropriety, in women so circum- stanced, being under the sole care of men, both as it respects the prisoners and the persons who have the custody of them. The indelicacy and moral exposure are great, and have been found, from experience, to lead to injurious consequences to both parties ; so much so, that by the last Prison Act of George the Fourth, in England, no male officer, not even the Governor or Chaplain, is allowed to visit a female prisoner except in company with a female officer. The appointment of women to the care of prisoners of their own sex, would moreover prove an economical arrangement, inas- much as the salaries of women are less than those of men ; but one female turnkey will prove insufficient for the gaol. A Matron will be wanted to instruct the prisoners daily, and to have a constant superintendence over them ; and one female turn- key under her. They should both reside in the prison, and no male officer, except the Governor and Chaplain, should ever enter the women's side. The choice of these officers is of the utmost importance ; they should be women of good principles, should possess good sense and discretion, and combine gentleness with firmness. The system of separate confinement, although it has many advantages, requires great care in its administration, in order to make it productive of good effects on the mind of the prisoner, who should frequently be visited by serious judicious persons, to read the scriptures, and carefully mark and cherish any returning good impressions. This practice of regular visit- ing has been adopted in America, as well as our own country, with great advantao-e. The opinion that I had previously formed, as to the peculiar care required in applying this system, was confirmed by learning, on visiting your prison, that no less than two of the prisoners, now in confinement, had attempted self-destruction. With respect to untried prisoners, several months of separate confinement before tiial and before conviction of any crime, is cer- tainly severe discipline. These prisoners therefore, besides having 1838.] OF ELIZABETH FRY. 283 the above-mentioned advantages, should be allowed to receive food from their friends, and occasionally to be visited by them. The introduction of a prison dress has my entire approbation. It tends to promote the comfort of the prisoners during their confinement, and they have the advantage of taking away their own clothes in an unimpaired state, when they are discharged. Without this provision, they frequently leave the prison in a most destitute condition. In the Bridewell of your city, I was much satisfied with the general order that prevails, and especially with the very desirable provision of two cells for each prisoner. The want of female officers appears the great and important deficiency of this institution. I beg to press on your attention, in conclusion, the great benefits that I believe will result to the female prisoners (and to the community at large) from the visits of respectable and dis- creet ladies, who have formed themselves into a Society for this purpose, and who will be subject to regulations, which will be submitted to you for your approbation. The good that has been produced by similar associations in England, and also in some places in Scotland and Ireland, is so great and obvious, and so fully acknowledged by persons in authority, that I need not enlarge upon it ; but respectfully entreat you to extend to the ladies, who have undertaken this work of charity in the city of Aberdeen, your kind assistance and patronage. I feel greatly obliged by the kind attentions which I have received from you in my visit to your city, for which be pleased to accept my thanks. I am, very sincerely. Your friend, Elizabeth Fry, " On our return from the Bridewell, the Sheriff, Dr. Duar, Principal of Mareschal College, and another gentleman of influ- ence, came to attend at a private discussion of certain points, especially of the new Prison Bill for Scotland." From Aberdeen, Mrs. Fry and her companions went to Rennic Hill, and remained for three days with Mr. Johnston and her 284 MEMOIR OF THE LIFE [1838. niece. A large party of magistrates, lairds, and their ladies, met on Saturday at Rennie Hill, when prison subjects were discussed. The history of the Sunday must be told in Mr. Ball's own words : — " First-day, 26th. — Our little party sat together after the manner of Friends this morning. Dear Priscilla J joined us. I felt afresh, that it is a privilege to know that the worship of God is in spirit and in truth; and may be rendered acceptable, wherever contrite hearts are reverently turned toward Him, in dependence on the mediation of His beloved Son, who is ever near to those, if only ' two or three,** who are met to offer this worship in His name." * * * " Elizabeth Fry and her sister had desired to meet with the fishermen about Anstruther this evening ; but we were all taken by surprise on going down to the town, to find that this simple, religious gathering, turned out to be a very large and crowded Meeting. The room we had arranged for, not having proved nearly capable of containing the people, they had flocked to a chapel near ; the service of which (and of some others I believe) was put off to give place for a Public Meeting of Friends. We had expected to sit down with the poor fishermen in a much more private way. John San- derson stated to the assemblage, that we began with a pause of silence. Then Elizabeth Fry explained our views on worship, rather in the way of an affectionate introductory address. Her sister E. Fry bent the knee in prayer. After which, Elizabeth Fry was strengthened, in a very striking manner, to proclaim the glad tidings of the gospel of life and salvation : truly an awakening ministry ! Her sister followed, enlarging on the nature and fruits of true repentance ; then Elizabeth Fry addressed the sea-faring men, most appropriately and feelingly, warned the sinners emphatically ; and was afterwards engaged in fervent prayer. At the close of this memorable Meeting, Andrew Johnston briefly addressed this large assembly of his neighbours, acknowledging the kindness of the minister and attention of the people ; and enforcing, with great seriousness, his desire, that the novelty of the occasion, might in no degree be suffered to divert solemn attention, from the infinite importance of the Gospel truths delivered." 1838.] OF ELIZABETH FRY. " 31st. — Having arranged on our arrival, in concert with the active members of the Scottish Society, for a large meeting of ladies at the Royal Hotel. It took place this day, Andrew and Priscilla Johnston having joined us the evening before. It was a good and serviceable Meeting. The ladies of the Scotch Com- mittee proved their efficiency in conducting business, and deve- loping the state of prison affairs in their city, as well as their diligence in the details of self-denying exertion on behalf of the cause ; and the leading object of this meeting, in extending the sphere of interest on behalf of poor prisoners, through the per- sonal communications of Elizabeth Fry, among the ladies of Edinburgh, seemed to be fully obtained. " Afterwards, in company with Elizabeth's Fry's much valued coadjutors, the sisters Mackenzie (of Seaforth) Eliza Fletcher, and others, we visited the Refuge ; also a house, where they think of establishing a Penitentiary, to see if it met Elizabeth Fry's ideas of the requisites for such an Institution. There was an interesting reunion at the dinner-table of Lord Mackenzie at Belmont, this evening; where continued interchange of sentiment upon the subjects so near to the heart of our devoted friend, was pursued and enjoyed. " Ninth Month 1st. — A party of about twenty, at a dejeuner at Augusta Mackenzie's, where the same profitable conversation freely flowed. Elizabeth Fry opened out on the prison objects of her journey, very instructively, and was listened to with deep attention. Visited the Sessional Schools, among other engage- ments this morning ; and Elizabeth Fry, with the sisters Mackenzie, went to inspect the solitary wards of the prison, where no gentlemen are admitted. In the evening we received at the Royal Hotel, a number of gentlemen, magistrates, and 286 MEMOIR OF THE LIFE [1838. others, when the new Scotch Prison Bill, in particular, and the general subjects of Prison Discipline and Reformation were fully discussed/' Mrs. Fry was at this time extremely anxious as to the extent to which Prison Discipline was carried in Scotland. She gi'eatly feared the enforcement of solitary confinement, and felt it her duty to make a sort of appeal against its possible abuses. She had therefore invited this large number of influential gentlemen, whose attention had been given to the subject, magis- trates, lawyers, members of the Prison Discipline Society, and others, to meet her on this occasion — an appalling audience — as they all sat round, to the number of fifty. She gently engaged in conversation with some, who were seated at the most distant part of the room, and, by degrees, fell into an account of her experience, and a full exposition of her mind on the subject. As an abstract principle, she doubted the right of man to place a fellow-creature under circumstances of such misery, if his offences were not of a very heinous or aggravated nature. She could not believe that it was accordant with reason or religion, thus to isolate a being, intended by his great Creator for social life, unless necessary for the safety of the community at large ; nor did she consider continual solitude, as the best method of reforming the offender. Very many hours, she thought, might be passed alone with advantage, and the night always ; but she recognised a vast difference between useful and improving reflec- tion, and the imagination dwelling upon past guilt or prospective evil. Her conviction was, that with the greater number of criminals left to feed upon their own mental resources, the latter state of mind was highly probable, the former very unlikely. Confinement, that secluded from the vicious, but allowed of fre- quent intercourse with sober and well-conducted persons, would have been in her view perfect. But where could funds be obtained to raise the prison, or maintain its discipline on such 1838.] OF ELIZABETH FRY. 287 a system ? Some intercourse for a few - hours daily, among prisoners carefully classed, diligently employed, judiciously in- stnicted, and under most vigilant and unceasing superintendence, with the remaining hours of the twenty-four passed in separate, but not gloomy seclusion ; was in her opinion the best and the most likely method of benefiting the criminal, and thus eventually diminishing crime. She shrank from the abuses to which the solitary system is liable. How soon might the cell become an oubliette ; how short the transition from kind and constant attention, to cruelty and neglect ; how entirely the comfort, nay the existence of a prisoner, must depend upon his keeper's will ; and what was human nature, to be trasted with such re- sponsibility ? With an active magistracy, a zealous clergyman, and careful medical attendant, all might be well ; but who could ensure the continuance of the advantages ? and were the acti-vdty and benevolence of the present day to pass away, why mio;ht not the slumber of indifference again cover the land ? Nor was this her only fear — " They may be building, though they little think it, dungeons for their children and their children's children, if times of religious persecution or political disturbance should return." Cell within cell, as in some prisons, in others the light and air of heaven admitted throuo-h a crooked funnel, but the glorious sun shut from their eyes ; with no sound to reach them ; and, — but a keeper withdrawn, or a wire broken, — no sound to be heard /ro??i them, however deep the need of assistance. " On the evenings of the 2nd and the Srd, large Public Meet- ings for religious worship were held ; the former at Edinburgh, the latter at Leith, in which Elizabeth Fi*y was greatly strengthened to declare the truths of the everlasting gospel of our Lord and Savdour Jesus Christ. Many calls were made on distinguished persons, and some visits also received, on the Srd ; especially one from the late Dr. Abercrombie, which will lono; be remembered witli interest. 288 MEMOIR OF THE LIFE [1838. " 4tli. — We came to the George Hotel, Glasgow, and on the 5th and 6th, Elizabeth Fry and her sister were occupied in their relio-ious engagements, among the Friends of that city. Our valued friends and most efficient helpers, the sisters Augusta and Helen Mackenzie, arrived to our aid on the evening of the 6th, and joined us at our Hotel. The Lord Provost and other gentlemen visited Elizabeth Fry, and she went to the Bride- well. At seven o'clock the same evening, a large number of the ladies of Glasgow met at our Hotel, a very crowded, but as usual interesting occasion. <' 7th. — The whole party went to Greenock. Elizabeth Fry and the sisters Mackenzie had a very important meeting with the ladies of Greenock this morning; about one hundred were assembled, and it proved highly satisfactory ; Elizabeth Fry and these experienced companions entered into many particulars in reo-ard to the visiting of prisons, a subject generally that excited lively interest. She was also engaged strikingly in prayer, with, and for the large company of ladies thus met together. We visited the Greenock gaol, when the women were collected, who were very affectionately addressed by Elizabeth Fry ; we were glad to find this gaol a good one, and capable of much usefulness. A large Public Meeting for religious worship was held in the Seaman's Chapel this evening, it proved satisfactory, and was intensely crowded ; the doctrine of the gospel was fully set forth, in the love and power of the truth, by our dear friend. An interruption by an advocate of the temperance movement, who embraced the occasion for speaking in favour of that cause, and was applauded by the throng, seemed to threaten the service of this Meeting. But Elizabeth Fry soon resumed, and the serious- ness and weight of her manner happily restored solemnity. " 8th. — Invited the landlord of our Greenock Hotel, and his wife, and servants, to our Scripture reading this morning. They came in and we were favoured with an instructive season ; an- other large Meeting of the Greenock ladies afterwards, who seem thoroughly desirous to render their aid to the poor imprisoned ones, too often tied and bound also with the chains of sin ! Elizabeth Fry much interested, in arranging to bring into com- munication with the Religious Tract Society, a man who sells 1838.] OF ELIZABETH FRY. 289 books to sailors on Greenock quay, and in visiting a large factory on tlie hill, where the work people were assembled and addressed by her. Returned to Glasgow, and visited the Bridewell the same day. The inspection there was truly satisfactory. It is an excellent institution. " 9th. — Our usual Meeting for worship at Glasgow this morn- ing, almost like a public one, so many of the inhabitants who were aware of Elizabeth Fry's presence, came in. We went to a very satisfactory Public IMeetiug for worship at Paisley, seven miles from Glasgow, this evening. " 10th. — The ladies' large Glasgow Prison Meeting was held in the Friends' Meeting House, and an association was formed which we hope will work well. We received company this evening at our Hotel ; some ladies as well as gentlemen of Glasgow, who were disposed to give their interest to our objects, conducted as usual. The Scotch Prison Act and similar matters discussed. " 11th. — Our party made a hasty visit to Paisley, and there inspected the gaol. Here the magistrates met us and showed every attention to facilitate Elizabeth Fry's inspection, as well as in listening to her suggestions, which she was requested to leave in writing." How sincerely these gentlemen desired to profit from her suggestions, was proved a few months later, when a local news- paper was sent to her, containing the following paragraph. " Prison Reform. " On Tuesday, the 1st, Janet Stewart of Glasgow was unani- mously appointed by a committee of the Commissioners, IMatron of the Paisley gaol and Bridewell. The duties of this office are new in the prisons of Scotland. The object of the appointment is, to put the whole of the female prisoners exclusively under the charge of one of their own sex, who is to perform the duties over them of teacher, turnkey, gaoler, &c. In fact, they are not to be seen by any other person but the female keeper, unless it be by persons visiting the establishment, and as far as possible these visitors are to be exclusively females also. It was at the sugges- tion of Mrs. Fry, at her late visit, that this plan of appointing VOL. II. u 290 MEMOIR OF THE LIFE [1838. an instructress and keeper, for the females of their own sex, who should be constantly beside them, was adopted ; and we have the pleasure of adding, that several of the other improvements which were then in contemplation, and which had been recommended by that lady and the Government Inspector, Mr. Hill, have now been carried into effect." From Glasgow by Carlisle, Penrith, and Patterdale, where meetings for worship were held, this united little band travelled on, till again at Glen Rothay. There, they passed a day of rest and refreshment. With Mr. Ball's account of it, must close the extracts from his narrative. " 15th. — A day of unwonted quiet. After writing and such restful avocations were done, Elizabeth Fry enjoyed a ramble into the mountain air of Loughrigg Fell, though she did not reach the summit. Amidst many secret exercises of soul, and so much laborious exertion for the temporal as well as spiritual good of others, our dear friend largely shares in the sweet experience that " He giveth all things richly to enjoy." Her love of nature, from the mountain to the field-flower, is signal ; and admirably preserved through atmospheres unfavourable, in general, to the maintenance of a taste for simple and retired pleasures. Yet, where the love of religious retirement is in lively exercise, pro- bably such a taste is less endangered ; it harmonizes with that frame of spirit, which seeks the valley where the dew remains. Precious indeed, is a childlike and watchful spirit, submissively eyeing the chief Shepherd, and waiting His leading."" They attended some meetings appointed for them, in West- moreland and Lancashire. Mr. Ball accompanied them as far as Liverpool ; from whence Mrs. Fry and her sister returned imme- diately home. Ujyton, Ninth Month 26th. — We arrived at home last Seventh- day, and to my great comfort I foimd all my family going on well and comfortably. I ventured to ask, or at least to desire, if my 1838.] OF ELIZABETH FRY. 291 goings out were acceptable to the Lord, and if I were to be called to further, and perhaps still more weighty service, that I might find the blessing of preservation extended to those most dear to me at home, as well as to myself in going. Through mercy, this sign has been rather unusually granted me. What can I render unto my Lord for His tender and unmerited mercies ? After leaving William Ball's (Glen Rothay), we spent First- day at Kendal. This meeting is in the most critical state, some of its most valuable members, young and old, leaving the Society. I can hardly express how much I felt in attending it ; fears got hold of me ; however, I experienced much help. I had simply to preach the Gospel, until the close of the Afternoon Meeting, when I believed it my duty to express my conviction, that we, as a Society, fill an important place in the Church of Christ ; and having found it myself a blessed administration of the truth as it is in Jesus ; I felt that where so many seeking minds were about lea^dng the Society, I was bound to bear my testimony to that which I believed to be true. We afterwards attended some very interesting Meetings at Lancaster, Yelland and Ulverston. These places had been long on my mind, I think at least ten years. So things rest with me, until I see the time come to work in them. Tenth Month 28th. — I have been a satisfactory visit with my husband, and partly accompanied by Peter Bedford and John Hodgskin, to Croydon and Ifield. Our Meeting in Sussex was a very satisfactory one ; and a reading we had the next morning at a cottage on a Common, belonging to a dear Friend, where we had been before. The libraries we established, appear to have been much read and valued. It is cause for much thankfulness, to find that our labour has not been in vain in the Lord. How sweet are His mercies ! May all become His servants, saith my soul ! I have also left home accompanied by my beloved husband and my sister Elizabeth, to visit a few Meetings in Essex. Tv)elfth Month dth. — This morning I deeply feel the seriousness of laying before my Monthly Meeting, my belief, that it may be my duty again to visit France and some other parts of the Continent of Europe. It is after much weighty consideration that I have u 2 292 MEMOIR OF THE LIFE [1838. come to the conclusion, that it is right to do this. I have long thought that this summer my course might be turned either to my dearest brother Joseph in America, or to the Continent of Europe ; after much weighing.it, I have believed the latter to be the right opening for me. I laid my prospect before the Friends of our Monthly Meeting, this morning. Several Friends were there, not members of it. We had a very solemn Meeting — for worship first. My sister and I returned our certificates for visiting Scot- land, and then I asked for one for Europe ; having very earnestly prayed for help, direction and protection. When under a fresh feeling of its being right to do it, I simply informed Friends that I looked to paying a visit to Paris, then to the Friends in the south of France ; and should probably in returning visit some other parts of Europe. Much unity and sympathy were expressed with this prospect of religious duty, by our own members and those who visited us. There certainly appeared to be in no com- mon degree, a seal set to this serious prospect of religious service. I now desire to leave all to the further openings of Providence, as to when to go, who is to go with me, and where to go. I desire to leave it all to my most holy and gracious Head and High Priest, my All in All, my Lord and my God. Although I am very deeply sensible that it is only through the fulness and freeness of unmerited mercy, love and grace, that J dare call or feel my Lord thus to be my Head and my Helper. I may acknowledge in faith, my belief that through the help of the Holy Spirit, my Lord has been and is unto me " Wonderful, Counsellor, the Mighty God, the Everlasting Father, and the Prince of Peace."" 2d>th.- — Yesterday, excepting our dear F and R C , all our beloved children dined with us. It really was to me a beautiful sight. Sixteen round our table, happy in each other, a strong tie of love amidst the brothers and sisters ; and much united to us their father and mother. I felt the occasion serious as well as sweet, and very earnestly prayed to the Lord that I might be very faithful, if He called me to any religious service amongst them ; whether it were to pray for tliem, or speak to them of His goodness. When the cloth was removed after dinner, I believed it my duty to kneel down, and very fervently 1838.] OF ELIZABETH FRY. 293 to pray and to return thanks to ray God, for all these most ten- derly beloved ones. Great help and deliverance has been gi-anted to some of our circle ; the Lord has been very gracious, He has added to our number and not diminished them. I did from my heart return God thanks, earnestly asking in faith for a continu- ance of His mercies ; more particularly, that our souls should be satisfied more abundantly ■with the unsearchable riches of Christ ; and that we might be still more closely united in our Heavenly Father's love. I asked the Lord that it might please Him to grant us peace and prosperity, through His tender mercy in Christ Jesus ; and that wherever we might be, His blessing might be with us ; and that when the end came, it might crown all. After this solemn time, thirteen of the sweet, dear grand- children came in. We missed dearest F and R , and their lovely group ; but they were not forgotten by us. We passed an evening of uncommon enjoyment, cheerful yet sober, lively yet sensible of the blessing and peace of our Lord being with us. I seldom if ever remember so bright a family meeting, it reminded me of our Earlham days ; but I could not but feel it a blessing, when a mother as well as a father is spared to watch their family grow up and prosper, and to see and enjoy their children's children. When I remember all that I have passed through on their account ; above all the exquisite anxiety about their spiritual welfare, and now so far to see what the Lord has done for me and for them, What can I say ? What can I do ? ought I not to leave them all to His most holy keeping, and no longer " toil and spin" so much for them. CHAPTER XXI. 1839. — Sale at Crosby Hall for the Ladies' British Society — Journey on the Continent — Paris — Letter to M. cle Beranger — Solitary system — Lyons — Nismes — Avignon — Toulouse — The Pyrenees — Grenoble — Geneva — Zurich — Frankfort — Return home — Goes into Norfolk — Different administrations in religion. First Month 12th. — I returned from Lynn last evening. I was a good deal with my beloved sister Catharine, who was there. Before parting, we had a deeply interesting time together, when the spirit of prayer was remarkably poured forth upon us. I prayed for them each separately, and believe that access was in mercy granted to the Throne of Grace. My dearest sister offered a solemn prayer for us before we rose from our knees. I felt, as I have often done, an earnest desire, that we may none be in spiritual bonds. I think Satan, in hardly any way mars the Lord's work more, than in putting persons in the stiff bonds of High Churchism. He attacks all professors in this way, and leads them to rest in their sectarianism, rather than their Christianity, I do not mean that this is the case with those I was amongst, but I see it a frightful bait, thrown out to all professors of all denominations. Few things I more earnestly desire, than unity in the Church of Christ, and that all partition walls may be broken down. Lord, hasten the coming of that day, for Thine own name's sake ! 16th. — I have had the pleasure and satisfaction of meeting at dinner, at my son Foster Eeynolds, my beloved brother Gm-ney, three of my sons, one of his, and my nephew Edward Buxton, previous to attending a Bible Meeting. Surely it is a cause of deep thankfulness to have my children, and others so near and dear to me, engaged in so excellent a cause. I consider it to be an honour of which we are all unworthy, to promote in this or any other way, the knowledge of the everlasting Gospel. On Second-day, I laid my concern to go to France, before the 1839.] MEMOIK OF THE LIFE, &C. 295 Morning IMeeting. I feel encouraged by all the testimonies from the Lord's servants, and the real help and excellence of the arrangement, that we should thus, in such weighty and important duties, have the sanction of that section of the Church to which we belong;. I have received very encouraging accounts from Scotland as to the results of our last journey. Several refuges are likely to be formed, and women prisoners to be visited. The accounts from France have also been in many ways encouraging. My dear and valued friend, the Duchess de Broglie, who died some little time ago, expressed that her fliith had been strengthened by our visit. Many important alterations have taken place in the prisons ; the New Testament is now circulated in some of them, and the hospitals. So I may take courage, and return God thanks. There was one subject of anxiety pressing upon the mind of Elizabeth Fry, which she knew to be so important, that with all the preparations for her long journey, and arrangements to make for her family at home, she resolved to remove it if possible — the low state of the funds of the British Ladies' Society.
github_open_source_100_8_20251	Github OpenSource	Various open source	/******************************************************************************* * Copyright (c) 2014 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All rights reserved. * * Licensed under the Apache License 2.0. * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 ******************************************************************************/ package com.adobe.aem.importer.ui; import com.adobe.cq.sightly.WCMUse; public class TransformerBsn extends WCMUse{ private Transformer[] list; @Override public void activate() throws Exception { list = new Transformer[2]; list[0] = new Transformer(); list[0].setName("DITA"); list[0].setSimpleName("DITA"); list[1] = new Transformer(); list[1].setName("DocBook"); list[1].setSimpleName("DocBook"); } public Transformer[] getList() { return list; } public class Transformer { String name; String simpleName; public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getSimpleName() { return simpleName; } public void setSimpleName(String simpleName) { this.simpleName = simpleName; } } }
US-9652905-A_1	USPTO	Public Domain	Folding latching mechanism ABSTRACT A folding latching mechanism and related structure. An embodiment of the folding latching mechanism includes a latch member having a claw-shaped clasp disposed proximate to a pivot member that enables a pivotal coupling about a first pivot axis. A lever arm is pivotally-coupled to the latch member about a second pivot (fold) axis that is perpendicular to the first pivot axis of the latch member. During use, the latch member is rotated about its first pivot axis via the lever arm in an extended position, whereby the latching member is securely coupled to a frame member via its clasp. The lever arm is then rotated about its fold axis and secured in place. The folding latching mechanism may be employed on an Advanced Telecom Computing Architecture (ATCA) board hosting one or more Advanced Mezzanine Card (AdvancedMC) modules, wherein the mechanism does not interfere with the I/O port interfaces for the modules. FIELD OF THE INVENTION The field of invention relates generally to computer and telecommunications equipment, and, more specifically but not exclusively relates to a non-interfering folding latching mechanism that may be used for ATCA carrier boards with AdvancedMC modules. BACKGROUND INFORMATION The Advanced Telecom Computing Architecture (ATCA) (also referred to as AdvancedTCA) standard defines an open switch fabric based platform delivering an industry standard high performance, fault tolerant, and scalable solution for next generation telecommunications and data center equipment. The development of the ATCA standard is being carried out within the PCI Industrial Computer Manufacturers Group (PICMG). The ATCA Base Specification, PIGMG 3.0 Revision 1.0, published Dec. 30, 2002 (hereinafter referred to as “the ATCA base specification”) defines the physical and electrical characteristics of an off-the-shelf, modular chassis based on switch fabric connections between hot-swappable blades. The ATCA base specification supports multiple fabric connections, and multi-protocol support (i.e., Ethernet, Fibre Channel, InfiniBand, StarFabic, PCI Express, and RapidIO) including the Advanced Switching (AS) technology. The ATCA specification defines the frame (rack) and shelf (chassis) form factors, core backplane fabric connectivity, power, cooling, management interfaces, and the electromechanical specification of the ATCA-compliant boards. The electromechanical specification is based on the existing IEC60297 EuroCard form factor, and enables equipment from different vendors to be incorporated in a modular fashion and be guaranteed to operate. The ATCA specification also defines a power budget of 200 Watts (W) per board, enabling high performance servers with multi-processor architectures and multi gigabytes of on-board memory. Recently, the modularity of the ATCA architecture has been extended to another level, wherein hot-swappable, field-replaceable mezzanine cards (or modules) may be hosted by an ATCA carrier board. Standards for the mezzanine cards/modules and related interfaces are defined by the Advanced Mezzanine Card (AdvancedMC) (also called AMC) specification, PIGMG AMC.0, Revision 1.0, published Jan. 3, 2005 (hereinafter referred to as the AMC.0 specification). Optimized for packet-based, high-availability telecom systems, AdvancedMC modules can be attached to a variety of ATCA and proprietary carrier blades. AdvancedMC modules communicate with the carrier board via a packet-based serial interface, which features up to 21 lanes of high-speed input/output (I/O) at 12.5 Gbit/sec each. The specification defines standard mezzanine module configuration for both full-height and half-height AdvancedMC modules, as well as modules employing single-width and double-width cards. AdvancedMC is slated to support a variety of protocols, including Ethernet, PCI Express, and Serial Rapid I/O. AdvancedMC also features integrated I²C- and Ethernet-based system management. AdvancedMC modules may also be employed for non-ATCA systems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The foregoing aspects and many of the attendant advantages of this invention will become more readily appreciated as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout the various views unless otherwise specified: FIG. 1 is an isometric view of an conventional latching mechanism employed for latching an Advanced Telecommunication Architecture (ATCA) board into an ATCA chassis; FIG. 2 is an isometric view of an Advanced Telecommunication Architecture (ATCA) carrier board to which four full-height single-width Advanced Mezzanine Card (AdvancedMC) modules are coupled; FIG. 3 is an isometric view of an ATCA carrier board to which to eight half-height single-width AdvancedMC modules are coupled; FIGS. 4 a and 4 b show isometric view of a folding latching mechanism in an extended configuration, according to one embodiment of the invention; FIGS. 4 c and 4 d show isometric views of the folding latching mechanism of FIGS. 4 a and 4 b in a folded configuration; FIG. 4 e shows an isometric view of one embodiment of a folding latching mechanism that employs an alternative hinge joint to that shown in FIGS. 4 a-d; FIG. 4 f shows an isometric view of one embodiment of a folding latching mechanism that employs a stud shaft as a pivot member; FIG. 5 shows an isometric view of one embodiment of a latching mechanism that maintains the lever arm of a folding latching mechanism in a folded position; FIGS. 6 a-h show isometric views of an exemplary implementation of the folding latching mechanisms of FIGS. 4 a-d when used to install an ATCA board in an ATCA chassis, wherein FIGS. 6 a and 6 b show the folding latching mechanisms in an initial configuration, FIGS. 6 c and 6 d show the folding latching mechanisms in a partially inserted position; FIGS. 6 e and 6 f show the latching member of the folding latching mechanisms in a latched position, with the lever arms in an extended position, and FIGS. 6 g and 6 h shown a latched position with the lever arms in a folded position; FIG. 6 i is an isometric view showing an ATCA board installed in an ATCA chassis in accordance with the folding latching mechanism configuration of FIGS. 6 g and 6 h; and FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Embodiments of folding latching mechanisms for rack-mounted boards and the like are described herein. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth, such as implementations for Advanced Mezzanine Card (AdvancedMC) modules and Advanced Telecom Computing Architecture (ATCA) carrier boards and chassis, to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the invention. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the invention can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods, components, materials, etc. In other instances, well-known structures, materials, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the invention. Reference throughout this specification to “one embodiment” or “an embodiment” means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrases “in one embodiment” or “in an embodiment” in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. To better understand the operation and advantages of embodiments of the present invention, a discussion of the configuration and operation of conventional AdvancedMC modules and ATCA boards is first presented. Details of various embodiments that may be employed for ATCA boards that support use of AdvancedMC modules then follow. As discussed above, the ATCA base specification defines the frame (rack) and shelf (chassis) form factors, core backplane fabric connectivity, power, cooling, management interfaces, and the electromechanical specification of the ATCA-compliant boards. In addition to power input to ATCA boards, mating connectors on the boards and backplane are employed for coupling input/output (I/O) signals. Many of the ATCA boards, as well as other modular boards used for telecommunications and computer, such as but not limited to CompactPCI, employ very-high speed I/O channels. For example, Advanced Switching (AS) employs a serial communication channel operating at Gigahertz+frequencies. This necessitates excellent pin coupling to support signal transmission across the connectors. To support excellent pin coupling, the ATCA base specification defines a board insertion mechanism that includes a pair of handles (a.k.a. “latches” or “levers”) that are used to urge the board inward in the chassis to “drive” the pins in the connectors mounted at the rear of the board into mating receptacles in the corresponding connectors mounted on the backplane. The handles provide a lever function to enable a board to be inserted without having to supply a large amount of force to the board itself, thus reducing the chance of damaging the board. Similar mechanisms are used for other board form factors. In further detail shown in FIG. 1, the conventional board insertion mechanism employs a pair of handles 100A and 100B, each of which is pivotally-coupled to a board carrier frame 110 via respective pivots 104 and 106. (It is noted that the ATCA base specification refers to a board carrier frame as a “front board faceplate.”) Board carrier frame 102 also includes a faceplate that has been removed via a section cut in FIG. 1 to more clearly depict how the conventional insertion mechanism operates. Under a typical implementation, an ATCA carrier board is mounted to a board carrier frame 102. However, for illustrative purposes, actual ATCA carrier boards are not shown in some of the drawings herein in order to not obscure the operations of the handle-coupling mechanisms. In general, the handle-coupling mechanisms are disposed between the frontside of a board carrier frame and the backside of a carrier board. It is further noted that in other embodiments, the handles and handle-coupling mechanisms described herein may be coupled directly to a board, rather than coupled to a board carrier frame. During operation, a force is applied to handles 100A and 100B to rotate the handles about respective handle pivots 104 and 106. As a handle is rotated inward, a claw-shaped clasp 108 engages a flange or the like in a card rack (e.g., ATCA chassis) in which the board is to be inserted. In FIG. 1, these include an upper flange 110 and a lower flange 112, which are part of an ATCA chassis 114 (shown in cut-away view). As the handles 100A and 100B are rotated inward, the clasps 108 begin to engage upper and lower flanges 110 and 112, urging board carrier frame 102 toward the rear of ATCA chassis 114, wherein the upper and lower edges of the board carrier frame (or ATCA carrier board) slide within upper and lower guides 116 and 118. The inward rotation of handles 110A and 100B is continued until the handles reach a “closed” or “latched” position. FIG. 2 shows an exemplary AdvancedMC module implementation wherein four single-width full-height AdvancedMC modules 200A, 200B, 200C, and 200D are installed on an ATCA carrier board 202. In general, ATCA carrier boards may have various configurations, depending on the number and type of AdvancedMC modules the carrier board is designed to host. For example, ATCA carrier board 202 includes four AdvancedMC connectors 204A, 204B, 204C, and 204D. An ATCA carrier board may also be configured to support double-width full-height AdvancedMC modules, or a combination of single-width and double-width full-height AdvancedMC modules. Under the AMC.0 specification, full-height AdvancedMC connectors are referred to as Style “B” (basic) or “B+” (extended) connectors. The term “basic” is associated with AdvancedMC connectors that are equipped with contacts on only one side of the connector slot. The term “+” identifies the connector as an extended connector having contacts on both sides of the connector slot. A single-width AdvancedMC module includes a single-width AdvancedMC card 208 having a single-width edge connector 210. As with its mating connector, a single-width edge connector may include contacts on a single side (basic) or both sides (extended). The horizontal (or longitudinal) card edges of an AdvancedMC card are guided via a set of guide rails 212 disposed on opposing sides of the card. An ATCA carrier board also includes a power connector 214 via which power is provided to the carrier board from an ATCA chassis backplane, and various input/output (I/O) connectors 216 via which signals are routed to the backplane, and hence to other ATCA boards and/or AdvancedMC modules (mounted to other ATCA carrier boards) that are similarly coupled to the ATCA backplane. Generally, the circuit components on an AdvancedMC module PCB card will be disposed on the side of the card facing the top or front side of the corresponding carrier board. This protects the circuitry, among other reasons for the configuration. To add further protection, an ATCA carrier board assembly will typically include a cover plate that is disposed over the backside of the AdvancedMC module PCB cards; the ATCA carrier board assemblies of FIGS. 2 and 3, do not show the cover plate for clarity in illustrating how the PCB card edge connectors are mated to corresponding AdvancedMC connectors under a conventional implementation. In addition to full-height AdvancedMC modules, the AMC.0 specification defines use of single- and double-width half-height modules that may be stacked in a pair-wise manner that supports up to eight single-width, half-height modules. For example, such a configuration is shown in FIG. 3, which includes an ATCA carrier board 300 configured to support eight single-width single height AdvancedMC modules 302A, 302B, 302C, 302D, 302E, 302F, 302G, 302H. The configuration of a single-width board is the same whether it is used in a half-height or full-height AdvancedMC module. The same is true for double-width boards. In the case of half-height modules, sets of dual-height rails 304 are employed to guide the card edges of each module. ATCA carrier board 300 includes four AdvancedMC connectors 306A, 306B, 306C, and 306D. Each AdvancedMC connector has one of two possible configurations, referred to as style “AB” (for single-sided connections), and style A+B+ (for double sided connections). The lower connector slot on a AdvancedMC connector is referred to as slot “A”, while the upper connector slot is referred to as slot “B,” hence the names “AB” and “A+B+.” The front panel of an AdvancedMC module may generally include provisions for various input/output (I/O) ports via which external devices may communicate with a module. For illustrative purposes, The AdvancedMC modules of FIGS. 2 and 3 include four RJ-45 Ethernet jacks 310. Various other types of I/O ports may also be employed, including, but not limited to universal serial bus (USB) ports, serial ports, infared ports, and IEEE 1394 ports. (It is noted that the mechanical interface for each port is typically coupled to the PCB card, with an appropriately-sized aperture defined in the front panel). A front panel may also include various indicators, such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs) 312, for example, as well as input switches (not shown). In addition, a front panel will typically include a handle or similar means for grasping a module when it is being installed or removed from a carrier board, such as depicted by a handle 314. In each of FIGS. 2 and 3, a latching mechanism is not illustrated. This is by intent. The introduction of the AdvancedMC modules creates a conflict between the conventional ATCA carrier board latching mechanisms depicted in FIG. 1 and the AdvancedMC module front panel space. In particular, the location of handles 100A and 100B prevents I/O connector access in at least two of the AMC sites. Additionally, a handle can be easily lifted incidentally by I/O cables attached to nearby AdvancedMC modules. As a result, any displacement of the handles from the front panel will signal a request to remove power in order to remove the ATCA board. (Per the ATCA base specification, a microswitch is employed to detect when handles 100A and 100B are in their latched positions—a slight rotation of either handle will be detected by a corresponding microswitch. Such detection indicates that the user is attempting to remove the board (e.g., during a hot-swap operation)). Accordingly, a power down sequence is immediately initiated, such that power is not provided during board removal. Another important drawback of the conventional insertion ejection mechanism of FIG. 1 is that it prevents an AdvancedMC module proximate to a handle from being removed (e.g., during a hot-swap operation) without first moving the handle. This, of course, initiates a board removal power-down sequence, which is not desired. Thus, such AdvanceMC modules effectively are prevented from being removed without taking the ATCA board hosting the module off-line, defeating the hot-swap benefit provided by the AdvancedMC architecture. An alternative latch configuration that does not interfere with the AdvancedMC module front panel space has been discussed during AdvancedMC committee meetings. This configuration employs an extended latch that extends outward from the ATCA carrier front panel. Although this solves the interference problem, the extended latch actually increases the likelihood of accidentally signaling intent to hot swap an ATCA board. The extended latch is easily nudged by passing personnel, which effectively results in putting the affected ATCA board out of service by removing payload power to the board. In accordance with aspect of embodiments of the invention now described, folding latching mechanisms are provided that facilitate both a secure latching function while not interfering with the AdvancedMC module front panel space. The folding latching mechanisms also provided enhanced functions, such as detented latching of positions and detection of when a hot-swap operation is being initiated. Furthermore, since the folding latching mechanisms do not interfere with the AdvancedMC module front panel space, hot swap operations corresponding to all the AdvancedMC modules configurations defined by the AMC.0 specification may be performed without taking the host ATCA board off-line. Various isometric views of one embodiment of a folding latching mechanism 400 are shown in FIGS. 4 a-4 d. The latching mechanism includes a latch member 401 to which a lever arm 402 is pivotally coupled about a pivot axis A. A claw-shaped clasp 404 is defined in latch member 401 including a notch 406 and a cam 408 formed on the foot portion of a leg 410. An aperture 412 is formed toward one end of latch member 401 comprising a counterbore 414 and a through hole 416 along a pivot axis B. A pair of hinge members 418 and 420 are formed toward an opposite (of aperture 412) end of latch member 401. Meanwhile, lever arm 402 includes a hinge member 422 at one end, and a push tab 424 disposed toward the cantilevered end of the lever arm. The hinge members 418, 420, and 422 are pivotally-coupled via a hinge pin 426 disposed along pivot axis A to form a hinged joint. The hinge joint is merely illustrative of one type of joint that may be used to pivotally couple lever arm 402 to latch member 401. For example, a hinge joint of this type might be employed if the lever arm and latch member are manufactured via sheet metal stamping and/or bending operations. In another embodiment illustrating a folding latching mechanism 400A shown in FIG. 4 e, one or both of a latch member 401A and lever arm 402A are formed using a casting, molding, machining, and/or forging operation for a metal or plastic, such that hinge members 418 and 420 are replaced by cylindrical lobes 419 and 421, and hinge member 422 is replaced by a cylindrical lobe 423. In this instance, the pivotal joint may be formed by defining a bore through each of cylindrical lobes 419, 421, and 423 and installing a pin 426. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 a-d, aperture 412 is configured to function as the bearing half of a pivot joint comprising a shaft and bearing pair. In this instance, counterbore 414 functions as a journal or plane bearing. Optionally, the counterbore may function as a bearing housing. In another embodiment of a folding latching mechanism 402B shown in FIG. 4 f, a latch member 401B employs a stub shaft 415 having a centerline coincident with pivot axis B in place of aperture 412. Under this embodiment, the stub shaft would rotate within a bearing member that is operatively coupled to the carrier board frame or formed therein (not shown). In general, in respective embodiments, each of the aperture 412 and stub shaft 415 serve the function of a pivot member that interfaces to a mating pivot member operatively coupled to a carrier board frame or the like to facilitate a pivotal coupling about pivot axis B. This pivotal coupling is illustrated in FIGS. 6 a-i and discussed in further detail below. In one embodiment, the location of clasp 406 relative to pivot axis B is configured to facilitate an over-center latching mechanism. That is, the location of clasp 406 is “over” the centerline X of aperture 412 with respect to the handle's longitudinal axis Y. This produces a latching effect when the handle is rotated, causing the handle to be secured (latched in place). Another feature of folding latching mechanism 400 is the ability to maintain lever arm 402 in an extended (FIGS. 4 a and 4 b) or folded (FIGS. 4 c and 4 d) position. In one embodiment, this function is facilitated by a pair of protrusions 432 and 434 formed over hinge arms 418 and 420. As shown in the extended position of FIG. 4A, protrusions 432 performs a detent-type function by engaging an ends 436 of lever arm 402. As shown in FIG. 4C, protrusions 434 engages ends 436 to maintain folding latching mechanism 400 in a folded position. In the embodiment of a folding latching mechanism 400C shown in FIG. 5, a ball and socket-type latching mechanism is employed for maintaining a lever arm 402C in a folded position relative to a latching member 401. In one embodiment, a post 500 with a ball 502 formed at its top end is attached to lever arm 402B or integrally formed therewith. The ball 502 engages a socket 504 attached to a faceplate 506 of an ATCA carrier board (faceplate 506 is only partially shown in FIG. 5 for illustrative purposes). In another embodiment shown in FIG. 7 and described in further detail below, a cutout is formed in an AdvancedMC module or carrier board faceplate, and is configured to engage a ball formed on the top end of post such that the ball extends into the cutout when the lever arm is in the folded position. In both embodiments, a detent-type latching function is provided. Other mechanisms may be employed to keep folding latching mechanism 400 in an extended and/or folded position. For example, a spring-loaded mechanism with or without detents may be employed. In another embodiment, a magnet-based mechanism may be employed. For example, a magnet may be mounted on the faceplate and exert a magnetic holding force on a member made of a magnetic material (e.g., steel) that extends from the lever arm. In another configuration, the faceplate is made of a magnetic material, and the magnet is coupled to the lever arm. An exemplary latching sequence that secures an ATCA board 600 with a plurality of AdvancedMC modules 602 into an ATCA chassis 114 is illustrated in FIGS. 6 a-i. The start of the sequence is illustrated in FIGS. 6 a and 6 b, wherein each of an upper folding latching mechanism 400U and a lower folding latching mechanism 400L are shown in an initial extended unlatched configuration. The latching members 401 for each upper and lower folding latching mechanisms 400U and 400L are pivotally coupled toward the top and bottom of an ATCA board carrier frame 604; for clarity, the portion of the carrier frame at where the pivotal coupling exists is not shown in FIGS. 6 b, 6 d, 6 f, and 6 h to better illustrate the operation of the folding latching mechanisms. In this initial configuration, the latching members 401 are disposed in vertical positions, with a leading edge abutting against an upper flange 110 and a lower flange 112 (as shown in FIG. 6 b) of ATCA chassis 114. As shown in FIGS. 6 c and 6 d, the lever arm 401 of upper folding latching mechanism 400U is rotated downward while the lever arm 401 of lower folding latching mechanism 400L is rotated upward to move ATCA board 600 into the ATCA chassis. As shown in FIG. 6 d, this rotate causes cam 408 to engage the backside of lower flange 606. This rotation is continued until the position shown in FIGS. 6 e and 6 f is reached. At this point, each of the upper and lower folding latching mechanisms 400U and 400L are in a horizontal position, with the lever arms 401 extending outward from the front panels of the AdvancedMC modules 602. As discussed above, in one embodiment (such as shown in FIGS. 6 a-h), the latching members 401 are configured to support an over-center latching mechanism. Once the latching members are rotated into their respective latched positions (e.g., the position shown in FIG. 6 f), the only way to extract the ATCA board is to move the lever arms 402 outward. In the configuration shown in FIGS. 6 e and 6 f, inadvertent rotation of either of the upper or lower folding latching mechanisms might occur. However, this potential problem is addressed by folding the lever arms 401 inward, as depicted in FIGS. 6 g and 6 h. As discussed above, in some embodiments a latching mechanism is employed for latching the lever arms 401 in their folded positions. Thus, in the configuration shown in FIGS. 6 g and 6 h, the ATCA board is secured within the ATCA chassis, and the lever arms are secured in their folded positions. This latched and secured position is further illustrated in FIG. 6 i. Another aspect of some embodiments is a latch position detection function. As discussed above, the ATCA specification provides support for hot-swapping ATCA boards. To facilitate this, a power sequence is specified that removes power to the board being removed/replaced. Accordingly, a means is needed to determine when a board is about to be removed. One embodiment of a configuration that provides a latch position detection function is shown in FIG. 7. A post 700 with a ball 702 is coupled to or integrated into a lever arm 402D. The ball 702 slightly engages the edges of a slot 704 formed in a faceplate 706 when lever arm 402D is rotated into the folded position depicted in FIG. 7. For example, the width of slot 704 is slightly less than the diameter of ball 700, with the ball being made of a deformable material, such as a plastic. Thus, this configuration provides a latching function to maintain the folded position for the lever arm. In addition to the latching function, a latch position detection function is also provided. In the illustrated embodiment, a microswitch 708 is operatively coupled to faceplate 706 or relative to faceplate 706 (e.g. the microswitch is mounted to a circuit board that is not shown). When ball 702 is passed through slot 704, an actuator 710 for microswitch 708 is engaged. Thus, the microswitch 708 detects that latch arm 402C is in the folded position. Furthermore, in order to reach the folded position, it will first be necessary rotate latching member 401 so that it is properly engaged with one of the upper or lower flanges 110 or 112, as shown in FIGS. 6 e-f. As a result, when the microswitch 708 detects that latch arm 402C is in its folded position, it may also be determined that the folding latching mechanism is in its secured latched position. In response to outward rotation of lever arm 402C, post 700 and ball 702 will be moved outward relative to faceplate 706, causing actuator 710 of microswitch 708 to disengage with ball 702, deactivating the microswitch. This informs the ATCA system that lever arm 402C is no longer in its folded position. This provides two functions. If a lever arm is not in its folded position, personnel may inadvertently bump the lever arm in a manner that causes the ATCA board to be partially extracted while it is being supplied with power. Since this is not desired, the system may be configured such that power is removed whenever microswitch 708 is disengaged. Another enhancement is that it takes a finite amount of time to rotate the lever arm outward about its folding axis prior to rotating the lever arm and latching member about the latter's pivot axis (B) to extract the board. This provides an extra margin of time to remove power when compared with the conventional handle scheme of FIG. 1, since under the conventional scheme the detection of a board being extracted occurs at the same time the board is actually extracted. There are other schemes that also may be employed for detecting the position of the lever arm and/or latching member. For example, proximity switches, such as capacitive sense switches, magnetic-based switches, and the like may be employed for this type of detection purpose. Typically, the switch body would be operatively coupled to a faceplate or circuit board that is fixed relative to the faceplate. Some types of proximity switches may employ a sensed component that would be affixed to the component being moved, such as a small magnet for some types of magnetic-based proximity switches. In other instances, the proximity of the component being moved is directly detected by a sensor in the proximity switch itself, without requiring an additional sensed component. For illustrative purposes, the foregoing embodiments where configured and described in the context of their contemplated use in an ATCA environment. However, the ATCA environment is merely illustrative of one modular board environment in which the principles and teachings of the embodiments of the invention described herein may be applied. In general, similar configurations may be deployed for other standardized and proprietary board insertion and ejection mechanisms. The above description of illustrated embodiments of the invention, including what is described in the Abstract, is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. While specific embodiments of, and examples for, the invention are described herein for illustrative purposes, various equivalent modifications are possible within the scope of the invention, as those skilled in the relevant art will recognize. These modifications can be made to the invention in light of the above detailed description. The terms used in the following claims should not be construed to limit the invention to the specific embodiments disclosed in the specification and the drawings. Rather, the scope of the invention is to be determined entirely by the following claims, which are to be construed in accordance with established doctrines of claim interpretation. 1. An apparatus comprising: a latching member, having a pivot member disposed toward a first end having a centerline defining a first pivot axis and a claw-shaped clasp disposed proximate to the first pivot axis; and a lever arm, pivotally-coupled to the latching member toward a second end of the latching member opposite the first end to define a second pivot axis that is substantially perpendicular to the first pivot axis. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: means for maintaining the lever arm in a folded position relative to the latching member. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: means for maintaining the lever arm in an extended position relative to the latching member. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the claw-shaped clasp is located relative to the first pivot axis to effect an over-center latching configuration. 5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the lever arm is pivotally-coupled to the latching member via a hinged joint. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the lever arm includes a push tab disposed toward a cantilevered end of the lever arm. 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the pivot member comprises a counterbore having a through hole, each of the counterbore and through hole having a centerline along the first pivot axis. 8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the pivot member comprises a stub shaft having a centerline along the first pivot axis. 9. An apparatus comprising: a carrier board frame including a faceplate having a top and bottom; and first and second folding latching mechanisms, each including, a latching member, pivotally-coupled toward a first end with the carrier board frame to define a first pivot axis and including a claw-shaped clasp disposed proximate to the first pivot axis; and a lever arm, pivotally-coupled to the latching member toward a second end of the latching member opposite the first end and defining a second pivot axis that is substantially perpendicular to the first pivot axis, wherein the latching member of the first folding latching mechanism is pivotally coupled to the carrier board frame proximate to the top of the faceplate, and the latching member of the second folding latching mechanism is pivotally coupled to the carrier board frame proximate to the bottom of the faceplate. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, further comprising: means for maintaining the lever arms for each of the first and second folding latching mechanisms in a folded position under which the lever arms are folded over a front of the faceplate. 11. The apparatus of claim 9, further comprising: means for maintaining the lever arms for each of the first and second folding latching mechanisms in an extended position relative to their respective latching member. 12. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the claw-shaped clasp for the latching member of each of the first and second folding latching mechanisms is located relative to that latching member's first pivot axis to effect an over-center latching configuration. 13. The apparatus of claim 9, further comprising: means for detecting whether the latching member for at least one of the first and second folding latching mechanisms is rotated about its respective first pivot axis at a latching position. 14. The apparatus of claim 9, further comprising: means for detecting whether the lever arm for at least one of the first and second folding latching mechanisms is rotated about its respective second pivot axis at a folded position. 15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the means for detecting whether the lever arm for at least one of the first and second folding latching mechanisms is rotated about its respective second pivot axis at a folded position comprises a mechanically-actuated switch that is actuated by an actuation member coupled to the lever arm. 16. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the carrier board frame and first and second folding latching mechanisms are configured to interface with an Advanced Telecom Computing Architecture (ATCA) chassis. 17. Advanced Telecom Computing Architecture (ATCA) board, comprising: an ATCA carrier board including support components to interface with at least one Advanced Mezzanine Card (AdvancedMC) module; a carrier board frame to which the ATCA carrier board is mounted, including a faceplate having a top and bottom and configured to receive said at least one AdvancedMC module; and first and second folding latching mechanisms, each including, a latching member, pivotally-coupled to one of the ATCA carrier board or ATCA carrier board frame to effect rotation relative to the carrier board frame about a first pivot axis and including a claw-shaped clasp disposed proximate to the first pivot axis; and a lever arm, pivotally-coupled to the latching member toward a second end of the latching member opposite the first end and defining a second pivot axis that is substantially perpendicular to the first pivot axis, wherein the first folding latching mechanism is disposed proximate to the top of the faceplate, and the second latching member is disposed proximate to the bottom of the faceplate. 18. The ATCA board of claim 17, further comprising: at least one Advanced MC module, installed on the ATCA carrier board. 19. The ATCA board of claim 17, further comprising: means for detecting whether the lever arm for each of the first and second folding latching mechanisms is rotated about its respective second pivot axis at a folded position. 20. The ATCA board of claim 17, further comprising: means for maintaining the lever arms for each of the first and second folding latching mechanisms in a folded position under which the lever arms are folded over a front of the faceplate. 21. The ATCA board of claim 17, further comprising one or more protrusions on a hinge arm to help maintain the lever arm in a folded position relative to the latching member. 22. The ATCA board of claim 21, further comprising a ball and socket-type mechanism to help maintain the lever arm in the folded position relative to the latching member. 23. The ATCA board of claim 17, further comprising a ball and socket-type mechanism to help maintain the lever arm in a folded position relative to the latching member..
github_open_source_100_8_20252	Github OpenSource	Various open source	include_rules = [ "+device/base", "+device/vr/orientation", "+device/vr/android/cardboard", "+device/vr/test", ]
github_open_source_100_8_20253	Github OpenSource	Various open source	// // Utils.m // // Created by Oriol Blanc Gimeno on 08/09/10. // Copyright 2011 Oriol Blanc. All rights reserved. // #import <QuartzCore/QuartzCore.h> #import <objc/runtime.h> @implementation Utils #pragma mark - #pragma mark Device orientation // Device orientation static int deviceOrientation = UIDeviceOrientationPortrait; + (int) getDeviceOrientation { UIDeviceOrientation orientation = [[UIDevice currentDevice] orientation]; if ((orientation) && ( //filter the orientation we want. // one of the reason to exist of this filter : // the condition (UIDeviceOrientationIsPortrait([Utils getDeviceOrientation])\|\| // (UIDeviceOrientationIsLandscape([Utils getDeviceOrientation]) // is NOT true on start up of the application. // an other reason : we do't care/want the faceup/down/unknow orientation. (orientation == UIDeviceOrientationPortrait) \|\| (orientation == UIDeviceOrientationPortraitUpsideDown) \|\| (orientation == UIDeviceOrientationLandscapeLeft) \|\| (orientation == UIDeviceOrientationLandscapeRight) ) ) { deviceOrientation = orientation; } return deviceOrientation; } + (void) setDeviceOrientation:(int)orientation { deviceOrientation = orientation; } + (BOOL) isDeviceLandscape { return UIDeviceOrientationIsLandscape([Utils getDeviceOrientation]); } + (BOOL) isDevicePortrait { return UIDeviceOrientationIsPortrait([Utils getDeviceOrientation]); } + (BOOL)isSimulator { return TARGET_IPHONE_SIMULATOR; } #pragma mark - + (NSString ) dateToString:(NSDate )date withFormat:(NSDateFormatterStyle)format { NSDateFormatter dateFormatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init]; [dateFormatter setDateStyle:format]; [dateFormatter setLocale:[NSLocale currentLocale]]; NSString result = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@", [dateFormatter stringFromDate:date]]; return result; } + (NSString ) dateTimeToString:(NSDate )date withFormat:(NSDateFormatterStyle)format { NSDateFormatter dateFormatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init]; [dateFormatter setDateStyle:format]; [dateFormatter setTimeStyle:format]; [dateFormatter setLocale:[NSLocale currentLocale]]; NSString result = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@", [dateFormatter stringFromDate:date]]; return result; } + (BOOL)stringOnlyContainsDigits:(NSString )string { NSCharacterSet numbers = [NSCharacterSet decimalDigitCharacterSet]; NSCharacterSet stringSet = [NSCharacterSet characterSetWithCharactersInString:string]; return [numbers isSupersetOfSet:stringSet]; } + (BOOL)stringOnlyContainsLetters:(NSString )string { NSCharacterSet letters = [NSCharacterSet letterCharacterSet]; NSCharacterSet stringSet = [NSCharacterSet characterSetWithCharactersInString:string]; return [letters isSupersetOfSet:stringSet]; } + (NSString )replacePointsByCommas:(NSString )amount{ NSNumberFormatter inputFormatter = [[NSNumberFormatter alloc] init]; NSMutableString input = [NSMutableString stringWithFormat:@"%@",amount]; [input replaceOccurrencesOfString:@"." withString:@"," options:0 range:NSMakeRange(0, [amount length])]; [inputFormatter setDecimalSeparator:@","]; [inputFormatter setMaximumFractionDigits:2]; [inputFormatter setMinimumFractionDigits:2]; NSNumber amountNumber = [inputFormatter numberFromString:input]; return [inputFormatter stringFromNumber:amountNumber]; } + (void)swizzleSelector:(SEL)orig ofClass:(Class)c withSelector:(SEL)newSelector; { Method origMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(c, orig); Method newMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(c, newSelector); if (class_addMethod(c, orig, method_getImplementation(newMethod), method_getTypeEncoding(newMethod))) { class_replaceMethod(c, newSelector, method_getImplementation(origMethod), method_getTypeEncoding(origMethod)); } else { method_exchangeImplementations(origMethod, newMethod); } } + (BOOL)canSendMail { return [MFMailComposeViewController canSendMail]; } + (UIViewController )openComposeMailViewController:(NSString )recipient withSubject:(NSString )subject withMailDismissDelegate:(id<MFMailComposeViewControllerDelegate>)delegate { MFMailComposeViewController mailViewController = [[MFMailComposeViewController alloc] init]; mailViewController.mailComposeDelegate = delegate; NSArray recipients = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:recipient, nil]; [mailViewController setToRecipients:recipients]; [mailViewController setSubject:subject]; return mailViewController; } @end @implementation UITabBar(customAction) /* Not being used / / - (id <CAAction>)customActionForLayer:(CALayer )layer forKey:(NSString )key { if ([key isEqualToString:@"position"]) { CATransition pushFromRight = [[CATransition alloc] init]; pushFromRight.duration = 0.25; pushFromRight.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseIn]; pushFromRight.type = kCATransitionPush; pushFromRight.subtype = kCATransitionFromRight; return [pushFromRight autorelease]; } return [self defaultActionForLayer:layer forKey:key]; } / @end @implementation UIButton (customAction) - (void)setImage:(UIImage *)image { [self setImage:image forState:UIControlStateNormal]; } @end
sn83045462_1957-02-10_1_223_1	US-PD-Newspapers	Public Domain	THE SUNDAY STAR WASHINGTON, D.C., FEBRUARY 10, 1957 AMONG INSTEAD OF "THE TRUTH ABOUT OPINIONS" HOW ABOUT OPINIONS A BACK Read the Berrys, the Jackson Twins and Buz Sawyer in The Evening Star THE JACKSON TWINS by Dick Brooks NOW, WHAT'S WE THINK WIFFLY AMP ANOTHER ALL TWIS SO, MIGHT CALL TO INVITE US. SECRETARY - (RIDE YOU ANOTHER) I HANG UP, A TRIP TO THE MOON ONE BILLS IN MALE NOW, LISTEN, JUNIOR, WANGER ON SORRY, I CAN'T TALK TO YOU, BY THE WAY, I HAVE A WAY TO TELL WHOEVER HIM FAST, HANG UP, YOU'RE GOTTA BE KEPT OPEN FOR ME, HANG UP, YOU'RE GOING TO BOW, AND HAVE A WAY TO TELL YOU, BOV, AND EMERGENCY. "Come on, Rosco Sweeney, a great man of great grace, has hooked to us." Blro “..^. r \... ( J "** Ysm\ capital, I can count on people's attention, Pius. ~ - kt* oh s x.
github_open_source_100_8_20254	Github OpenSource	Various open source	<?php use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Route; use App\Http\Controllers\ContatoController; use App\Http\Controllers\Admin\CursoController; use App\Http\Controllers\Site\HomeController; use App\Http\Controllers\Site\LoginController; /* \|-------------------------------------------------------------------------- \| Web Routes \|-------------------------------------------------------------------------- \| \| Here is where you can register web routes for your application. These \| routes are loaded by the RouteServiceProvider within a group which \| contains the "web" middleware group. Now create something great! \| */ Route::get('/', function () { return view('home'); }); Route::get('/',[HomeController::class, 'index'])->name('site.home'); Route::get('/login',[LoginController::class, 'index'])->name('login'); Route::post('/login/entrar',[LoginController::class, 'entrar'])->name('site.login.entrar'); Route::get('/login/sair',[LoginController::class, 'sair'])->name('site.login.sair'); // Laravel 5.3 // Route::get('/contato',['uses'=>'ContatoController@index']); Route::get('/contato/{id?}',[ContatoController::class, 'index']); Route::post('/contato', [ContatoController::class, 'criar']); Route::put('/contato', [ContatoController::class, 'editar']); Route::group(['middleware'=>'auth'], function(){ Route::get('/admin/cursos',[CursoController::class, 'index'])->name('admin.cursos'); Route::get('/admin/cursos/adicionar',[CursoController::class, 'adicionar'])->name('admin.cursos.adicionar'); Route::post('/admin/cursos/salvar',[CursoController::class, 'salvar'])->name('admin.cursos.salvar'); Route::get('/admin/cursos/editar/{id}',[CursoController::class, 'editar'])->name('admin.cursos.editar'); Route::put('/admin/cursos/atualizar/{id}',[CursoController::class, 'atualizar'])->name('admin.cursos.atualizar'); Route::get('/admin/cursos/deletar/{id}',[CursoController::class, 'deletar'])->name('admin.cursos.deletar'); });
8536896_1	Wikipedia	CC-By-SA	Flacht es un municipio situado en el distrito de Rin-Lahn, en el estado federado de Renania-Palatinado (Alemania). Su población estimada a finales de 2016 era de. Se encuentra ubicado al este del estado, cerca de los ríos Lahn y Rin, y de la frontera con el estado de Hesse. Referencias Enlaces externos Localidades del distrito de Rin-Lahn.
github_open_source_100_8_20255	Github OpenSource	Various open source	<?php namespace App\Services; use App\Repositories\CriteriaRepository; class CriteriaServices { protected $criteriaRepository; public function __construct(CriteriaRepository $criteriaRepository) { $this->criteriaRepository = $criteriaRepository; } public function index() { return $this->criteriaRepository->all(); } /** * List and paginate criteria * * @param integer $paginate * * @return mixed / public function list($paginate = 10) { return $this->criteriaRepository->listAll($paginate); } /* * Create criteria * * @param array $params * * @return \App\Models\Criteria / public function store(array $params) { return $this->criteriaRepository->store($params); } /* * Update criteria * * @param integer $id * @param array $params * * @return \App\Models\Criteria / public function update($id, array $params) { $criteria = $this->criteriaRepository->update($id, $params); return $criteria; } /* * Delete criteria * * @param integer $id */ public function destroy($id) { $this->criteriaRepository->destroy($id); } }
33472_1	Wikipedia	CC-By-SA	သခွက်ကုန်းရွာ၊ ဆောက်ဝိုင်း ကိုးကား မြန်မာနိုင်ငံ ရွာများ ဧရာဝတီတိုင်းဒေသကြီးရှိ ရွာများ BotUpload.
github_open_source_100_8_20256	Github OpenSource	Various open source	define(['jquery', 'd3'], function ($, d3) { var ITEM_HEIGHT = 18; var ITEM_ICON_WIDTH = 18; var ITEM_WIDTH = 120; function ListOverlay() { this.isShown = false; this.items = []; var that = this; //console.log("here"); window.addEventListener('keyup', function (e) { if (e.keyCode === 27) { that.hide(); } }, false); // //d3.select("body").on("click.hideOverlay", function () { // if (that.isShown) { // that.hide(); // } //}); //window.onkeyup = function (e) { // var key = e.keyCode ? e.keyCode : e.which; // // if (key === 27) { // that.hide(); // } //} } ListOverlay.prototype = { //items must be in format [{text: string, icon: string, callback: function()},...] setItems: function (items) { this.items = items; }, addItem: function (item) { this.items.push(item); }, show: function () { var that = this; if (this.isShown) { this.hide(); } this.isShown = true; var coordinates = d3.mouse(d3.select("body")[0][0]); this.rootElement = d3.select("body").append("svg") .style({ display: "inline", position: "absolute", left: coordinates[0], top: coordinates[1], width: ITEM_WIDTH, height: that.items.length * ITEM_HEIGHT }); var that = this; //this.rootElement = svg.append("g") // .classed("listOverlay", true); //.attr("transform", "translate(" + x + "," + y + ")"); var listItem = this.rootElement.selectAll("g.listItem") .data(this.items) .enter() .append("g") .classed("listItem", true); listItem.append("rect") .attr({ x: 0, y: function (d, i) { return i * ITEM_HEIGHT; }, width: ITEM_WIDTH, height: ITEM_HEIGHT }); listItem.append("text") .classed("icon", true) .attr({ x: 8, y: function (d, i) { return (i + 1) * ITEM_HEIGHT - 4; } }) .text(function (d) { if (d.icon) { return d.icon; } return ""; }); listItem.append("text") .attr({ x: ITEM_ICON_WIDTH, y: function (d, i) { return (i + 1) * ITEM_HEIGHT - 4; } }) .text(function (d) { return d.text; }); listItem.on({ mouseover: function () { d3.select(this).classed("hovered", true); }, mouseout: function () { d3.select(this).classed("hovered", false); }, click: function (d) { that.hide(); d.callback(); } } ); }, hide: function () { if (typeof this.rootElement !== "undefined") { this.rootElement.remove(); } this.isShown = false; } } ; return ListOverlay; }) ;
github_open_source_100_8_20257	Github OpenSource	Various open source	using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; namespace Tensorflow.Keras.Layers { /// <summary> /// Layer to be used as an entry point into a Network (a graph of layers). /// </summary> public class InputLayer : Layer { public bool sparse; public int? batch_size; public bool is_placeholder; public InputLayer(int[] input_shape = null, int? batch_size = null, TF_DataType dtype = TF_DataType.DtInvalid, string name = null, bool sparse = false, Tensor input_tensor = null) { built = true; this.sparse = sparse; this.batch_size = batch_size; this.supports_masking = true; if (input_tensor == null) { var batch_input_shape = new int[] { batch_size.HasValue ? batch_size.Value : -1, -1 }; if (sparse) { throw new NotImplementedException("InputLayer sparse is true"); } else { input_tensor = backend.placeholder( shape: batch_input_shape, dtype: dtype, name: name); } is_placeholder = true; _batch_input_shape = batch_input_shape; } new Node(this, inbound_layers: new Layer[0], node_indices: new int[0], tensor_indices: new int[0], input_tensors: new Tensor[] { input_tensor }, output_tensors: new Tensor[] { input_tensor }); } } }
bim_eighteenth-century_the-question-whether-a-_webb-philip-carteret_1753_1	English-PD	Public Domain	8 5 2 2. e 4 928 5 rt 7 127 9. 2 4 1 2 * * x — "apt E n 8 In ys wy * 2. —ͤ——— —- WI. e 1 * . / © „ % * : [ 4 Pg 5 F I&* > ; 1 ; "x3. + S'. »& 6 8 ”. 4 " X a 3 3 * Þ, * * An, 1 \| * _ 2. Ee 4 3 SLIP x 6 9 Es ; Es \| * 8 3 2 : y - - LA. © od * 5 A * 4 ** - - 4 - * 3 : : * 3 ; * = N 8 g £ 7 q ee k 2 3 8 V N. 8 n I... ; : * 5 Te. 2 ; £ 5p "a> 4. Ss 2 p — „ 3, - "a b Ba. » uh . 8 WO, N b, F £ 4 ; wy. 1 » A FIPS EY, i N — \ A” 4 — 5 * 5 * "4 F * 1 — * * 513 NZI I r I 3 Ty 8 „3 #45 13 7 by. '; :. —u— — 52 5 4 TI; - $ 4 - eos wo ga BA — AW a r 'S 3 S. <F-, * * — \| PEAS 22 N ä. \| _ r :. 3DX 4 . : - We 7 _. : 4 s 1 a "> : 1 9 - : 4 „ >» 1 R . 1 — e 8 * "$a." Ing B22 ks x * 4 W 83 2 \| \| PEI 1 73 — > * 1 \ * * 3 3 Ky ** — 4 $2. 7 « : 2 * 5 gr * D BY ** E BY 2 F by s bY * & 2 1 8 Fa 2 * 1 4 _ p ” 8 24 SO . =." 4 * 5 * - * 1 —_ 2 Za 9 r. „ * £2 \ LP - : * 45 * * «oj I: * N 8 * wer, 5 "7 IF > k 2 4 8 * 4 3 —— 4 N + a * F : x kd - - x? ” 1 j af 8! \| : 1 * » > F of * : 8 8 1 2 -. * 5 4 i 5 P = 1 } 25 2 & 1 0 4 PR af Ro IR + i rn ar OWE VT RIGS FO PI": ' * bs « * * # # 8 5 + . 1 * © * 2 „ : * een 7 F n 5 - T * 3 7 5 * 2 - 15 2 z 4 3 2 1 # f 4 * of ö # 4. 4 * 4 uy a. 4 y > 1. n 3 — n 3 - FE if 5 — 9 * I 1. : -, \ mY 8 p No use a word. 4 = EL 3 2 220 tf 3 7 K a * * 5 1 * 7 12 - oh f 1 * N 2 8 N 4 a” N 4 + & $8 ;. * 4 * © 72 - * 7 — A JE V. born within the British Dominions, was, before the making the late Act of Parliament, a Person capable, by Law, to purchase and hold Lands to him, and his Heirs; fairly situated and considered, ON ” 3 by $557 28 * 4 is "4 F 2 4 4 : a 3 L p * p F 5. ” 9. L * 1 4 - 1 r 6 * * ö wy „ FIX'\| 1 5 4 $5 1 \| H E Propriety or Impropriety of the Act, which +... passed the last Session of Parliament, relating to Those born in foreign Countries, depending, in a great measure, on the Knowledge of what Civil Rights Fews born here were, by Law, then entitled to; an Inquiry, into this Matter, if conducted with Decency and Candour, cannot be displeasing to the Public. The Author, in the following Sheets, will endeavour to explain how the Law stood at the time the Act passed; that being the true Period, to which, he apprehends, the Question is properly confined: But, as most of the Writers on this interesting Subject have taken into their Consideration the Condition the Jews were in in England before their Banishment in the time of Edward the 1st, it will be necessary to trace it as far back as the public Records, or ancient Historians, of those Times, give any Account thereof: If, upon that Inquiry, it should appear, which the Author apprehends it will not, that the Jews were not, at that time, entitled to purchase and hold estates. The Acts of the Apostles, 985. The following is a corrected version of the text: "The Jews were not, at that time, entitled to purchase and hold estates. The Acts of the Apostles, 985. Possession, 3 fl, chat 2 ca abs; British. Do- a of Parents: who reside there, of with the sphere led Licence of 9 let their Religion ir Hill, ave; by Law, natural-born Subjects; And ty —— Yo the Jau ho rn within dhe King's D. minions are ok has $4. pet vl 115 291 at 2 N.. Perſona who take the other side of the Question, do not agree with each other in their Objections z which makes it necessary to state them separately and yards of nth, Ic. is instructed, That the Propositions, That -a J born within the British Dominions -was natural-born Subject - new; and since all lately established 2 1 our L. Bigge who rake; PK Both these. = «That few. born either here or Sea may flourish! a Land- Estate; but that he 5 en. till lit any longer than the King; pleases; they in- + sifted, never Was, nor is the; La ef this Kingdom; Hand that it is now, end: Always has been, the common 2 Law of England. That: a Land- Estate purchased by 2 +. Je belongs to, and; may be seized by the King— That William: the Conqueror, and his Succeds, often +. sized: upon the Lands in draggled to the Jui, and disposed of them, without — Consent; and Law of Edward the Conqueror, by many Authors esteemed to be sourcous, but, at the very best, of doubtful Authority, which declares, That the Jews and all heirs have, are the Finest, has been relied upon as declaratory of the common Law as to this Points; and that, by virtue thereof, every Few whether born here or abroad, and all that belongs to him, except what he may have in the Funds, is, at this time, the King's Property A Law is said to be passed in the 54th H. III. Enacting, among other That no Few shall have a Freehold in any Lands, Tenements, Hereditaments, or Rents issuing from them; and the Statute De Facta, who has been as to Prove; and the Laws of the State, which have been so to Prove. This salary Act of Parliament was never heard of till a few Years — Dr. Tovey met with it in the Bodleian Library, in very ſuſpi- \| cious e ee AR eee dog P K Wein att þ Jews have exerciſed, of the Opinions of certain Counſtl ſumes not they them, as with the Devils, whoſe Subjects they be, and the Chriſtian; there is petperual Hoſtility; and can be no Peace; andihat, as ſuch they are, and evef Were; in 4 7 Notwirhſtanding 2 N 9 on A ; wir iro $f -12 x On i bd 4 , 9 p IDES i Tr eee e y +5" 2-20 * E Ak as + #4, We Ar x. Wet nas 5. , I l \. 3 % PAIN? 5,97 "NAP A F 0 \. k Eve WS N or BoA 8 * 5 „ Wanne e ee ' vp; ati > BY ve Lach 1 * abs, N a — F » bs ut ; > a „ V "ow OE TO Wer 8 4 N „ — — wes :. ( N — 5 9 1 * „ r nf cf * 4 * „ * * —. 7 ID ris 122 — 5 — * n — - :. r e 2 2 * — - 2 — woe bes 0 3 7 Y ” 1 = \ og FT ——" / TS LOI 8. ͤ ER ab oos 3 n n R N ” * T.. ³¹¹—¹1⁹² W EI ICON c 2 TING e WE m * ” n * * 4 TOW. iz Tons D 4 L E. 30 June. e Mr. Maddox expreſly Hg » by taklyg of Uſuries and Mense of the King 5 Subjects, the —WWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWhWWWWW * 0 8. A 2 F 3 9 85 J ²˙ IhEEcr TEN Od RAG 9 TY 2 2 1 9 * l <7 R c "ME -. * 8 4 + * A + * 7 : 3 4 4 W * * P. Abbe graciously a. who sees the Aﬁair in a clear Light; 1 85 will remove all Occasions of Doubt. Of 4.. Wee SS * e Alk tit is objected” n Opposition to the Authorities, © is the Opinions of Counsel formerly taken. Upon what © Occasion those Opinions were given, is not mentioned; nor a full and clear State of the Case laid before the Public: That the Cases urged are not the same with that which is now in dispute, is strongly suspected; because the supposed Spetker in — above referred to, is quoted as an Authority in Defence of the Just Right to make Purchases; which he cheerfully denies: To use these Authorities, therefore, without showing the true State of the Case, as laid before them, this Writer insists, is not to act fairly with the Public; nor doing Justice to those Gentlemen, who, are said to give their Opinions & en The Cyriology of this Evening Writer shall be satisfied and the Cases and Opinions published; in doing which, such of the learned Persons, who are living, will excuse their Names being mentioned. Which the Evening Writers rendered unavoidable. The Writer of the Review: of the proposed Naturalization of the Jes: Why should not, says he, the Father enjoy what the Son already possesses? The latter, when Lands. I apprehend, they mistake the Matter; and that there is no such thing as a natural-born Englishman. Few. to their purthaſing of Lands, I believe it will amount to no more than a Permiſſion granted for that Purpoſe by a Royal Charter. We find the Jews totally expelled this King- the Jews became very wealthy both in Money and Land; and the Re- Cords: he has publiſhed eſtabliſh the direct contrary of what he is here Ng to to prove, 8 Lond. Ev. 1 OG. %% 5: ak d K „ „ 2 — born in his Majeſty's Dominions, is a natural- born Sub⸗ jet, is a natural- born Exgliſbmam, and free to purchaſe As to our Appeal to the Records of Hen. II. Wich regard 1 che Foun — made Denizens 6 e's, and Im gold, there 3s a very en bh \| +, Denizen, an es: 3 2 as I \| [\| For gh 35 =. + op \| 3 4 bl 1 ok po gr % K DAY e complain, fo 2 8 LE L Fogg olch lg Hen \| Crown; thereby. tacigly) — « Notion, that a Jew born — is. — 1 Turf 1 i 7 ed bor ahi 2:09 90. Nec : Ft gunts publ. 0 ERAS ingen us man, in his Travels, of the Conſtitution, Laws, and Manners, .of other Countries, age, doubtleſs... drawn up c tle with a Pro- priety and Accuracy ſuperior to what the \| he has wn, eee chaſe of his own would make ne expect .tram-him ++ His ſurpriſing Diſcoveries, that 2 183. Difference between — 8 anda na- \| Jeu were made 3 b. I is a itake.—His Conc clufion, That, becauſe a Few, who is a — complained, Ie as the Lam now ſtands, his Brother's Eſtate, to wic pprehended himſelf the legal Heir, but which (they my 2 Bach Denizens) will devolve to the Crown; 3 that the 700 thereby tacitly acknowleged the Notion, chat a Jew born here is a natural - born Subject, 70 2 Miſtake is wee and 00 deducible from the e e io a eee eee e eee E K b e e N e * 2 * 60 1 28 e 4 oy Les 5 . —— — he os 0. Cot hh hy = pe” 24 9p ood, >. The text are the principal Objections, which, as I recollect, have been instigated upon by the Writers against the Bill relative to the Present Question. In Reply to which, it is insisted, in favour of the Bill, — That there is neither Common or Statute Law to support what those who oppose it advance; — That Jews born in England were not formerly, nor are now, considered as Aliens, or perpetu inimici to the Inhabitants and Laws of this Country; but are now, and formerly were, Persons capable, by Law, to purchase and hold — Estates; and that their Purchases made of late Years were made upon the Foot of their being natural-born Subjects, and not as Denizens, or in virtue of the King's Letters Patents, or Charter of Denization. In treating this important Question, the Author has endeavoured to state Facts to utter of his Abilities, fairly, and as they are: If he is mistaken in any of his Conclusions, the Public will not be deceived; they being in Possession of the Authorities from which those Conclusions are drawn. In a Cause thus agitated, it may be going too far to expect a Dispassionate Inquiry at this time; but, whatever be the Event, the Author will always have the Satisfaction. Of having endeavoured to contribute his Mite towards setting in a clear Light Facts, concerning which the Public appears to have been neither fully or fairly informed. As the Expressions natural-born Subjects, Alien, and Denizen, will be frequently made use of in considering the present Question, it may not be improper to ascertain their true and legal Meaning: A natural-born Subject, is one born within the King's Liegeance, i.e., under the actual Obedience, being ever taken for a natural-born Subject, Cd. Lit. 129. 4.7. Co. 18. a. Alien is one born out of the King's Liegeance — A Denizen, in its strict legal Acceptation, is the same as Ligens, quaſi deins nb; but, in its modern Acceptation, implies one born an Alien, and denizated by the King by his Letters Patents, Co. Lit. 129. a. If Aliens come into England, and live under the protection of the Crown, and have Ligens, such Ligens are O C. 2. born, because they are born within the Realm, Co. Lit. 8. a. 7. Co. 6. a. — And the Law-book Boy, make no distinction as to this Matter, with respect to Religion: If an Alien, Christian, or Infidel, Dich Houses, Na, Tenements, or Hereditaments, to him, and his Heirs. Although, in the notion of Law, he can have no Heirs, yet he is of Capacity to take a Fee-simple, but not to hold: Fe or, upon an found, the King shall have it by his; ve. Co. Tit. 2. a. & b. That Jews born in England were, because they were the Reigns of Hay, the King of Hay, and Henry the VIII, and now are, Persons capable of managing, to them, and their heirs, real estates, it is understood, will appear from the following Authorities, and the uniform and practice of the greatest Lawyers of this Country, to be and modern. By Law, been incapable of making such a claim, was Chief Justice of England, and by his tenure of Confectionibus Regni et Confectionibus Regni in the Reign of the Second Brablon, who was also Chief Justice of England, and wrote his Treatise De Ligibus et Confectionibus Angliæ in the Reign of Henry the VIII, and the Author of Flax, or Commentarius Juris Anglicani, which was written in the Reign of Edward the First, would probably have taken Notice of this Incapacity by the Subjects they formerly, except Ne, treated of, led them naturally to it; and it is not necessary to be considered, that would have omitted men. The Silence of / £4 . k A ä F 8 . * _— EB 4s 6 A K 2 * * 9 * 2 25 TY "I 7 * 0 * R TI Fo N ws 155 * £09.05 25 a” CRY NR IE ea 4. 4x F N „ ² A oe IT LEE R \| * x * - 5 : - mA 8 = we : a : <. 7 y ; — . , : — 3 ? Q \| Authors, on à Subject of this Nature, had it reſted there, 5 wouldhaye:been material; and have made the Notion: of its being prohibited by the Common Law of the Land, at leaſt problemat ical. e t No judicial Reſolution antient or modern can be ſheẽn to prove, that a J horn in Aug/and is not to be conſidered as à liege or natural- born Suhject. Litileton, or his Com- mentator, the Lord. Coke, or any other Author, no- where advances it; and if it had been ſo either by the Common nutely treats of the different Kinds of Perſons who by Law .yere.incapable to putchaſe and hold Lands, or to take hy Deſcent, would not have omitted mentioning it's and the rather, as he bore.no Good-will to the J., and mentions them in his Works, on ſeveral Occaſions; parti- cularly1 Gb Z@A.:24 a: 325Þ5. ol rol D lien Doe al Witleff;King of the Merciant, in the Year 833. granted a Charter. to the Abbey of Croyland; which is ſet, forch at large by Hu bus, One of the Abbots of that Monaſtery; wherehy lie confirmed to the Monaſtery. all Landi and Te- nements, and other Grants, which his Predeceſſors Kings of Mercia, and their Nobles, or other Chriſtians, or Jeuo, had, granted, fold, or mortgaged, or in any other manner delivered, in perpetual Poſſeſſion to the ſaid Monks: Confitmo etiam dicto monaſterio omnes terras et tenementa, poſſeſſiones, et earum peculia, et omnia alia donaria, quę Predeceſſores mei, Reges Mereiorum, & eorum pro- ceres, vel alii fideles Chriſtiani, ſive Judzi, dictis Mona- . ñ chis, dederunt vendiderunt, vel invadiaverunt, aut aliquo \| . alio modo, in 3 oſſeſſionem tradiderunt. It has been instigated, That this Charter must certainly relate only to converted Fews; because none but a converted Jeb would grant his Land to a Christian Monastery; but the Words, of the Charter are, granted, sold, or mortgaged; and there could be no Impropriety for a Few to sell or mortgage his Lands to a Monastery for a valuable Convent. B 2 deration: 376 has eration have: are gha Lrſtatices ay 12 Eſtates bet. ing granted by Religious Houses to eus. It might, with Appearance of Reason, be inſiſted, that by fideles was meant such as were natural-born Subjects, or who had been sworn in the Leet. In the 35th Hen. II. Anno 1189. a final Concord was acknowleged, before John Bishop of Norwich, and Raphus de Glanvil, the King's Chief Justice, and others, in the King's Court, in a real Aion de 2 g before them, between William de Curzon, Plaintiff, and Fornet, a J. of Norwich, Terre- tenant of a Meſſuage, with the Appurtenances, in Norwich; whereby the said J. Bo granted the said Meſſuage, with the Appurtenances, e@@@@ Fornet, and his Heirs, by the Service of Vice: Skillings yearly?. In theſe early Times the Acknowlegement of Fines in real Actions was attended with more Solemnity than at preſent; it could not be done, as Lord Cote obſerves, but ex conſenſu et licentia Domini Regis, vel ejus juſticiariorum; and it may reaſonably be ſuppoſed, that Ranulphus de Glau- vil, who was at that time Chief Juſtice of Exgland, would not have given a Sanction to this ſolemn Tranſaction, if a Few, as the Law then ſtood, had been incapable to take mY \| hold an Eſtate to him, and nis Heir s. , Bratton, who wrote in the Time of H. III. in bis: Se cond Book De acguirendo rerum dominio, Cap. 5. Set. 6. 1 Tit. Cui donari 12 50 lays, Jeus are Perſons capable to pur- cChhaſe For, enumerating ſome of thoſe, by whom, jt and to whom, real and other Eſtates might be legally granted; he ſays, © Alſo a Grant may be made as well to religious Perfons, as to others to whom one may grant; 1% alſo. to Jews: as well- as Chriſtians, unleſs: the Form of the Grant imports the contrary ©: For Inſtance, '* That it hall be lawful to the Grantee to grant away, or fell, the 1 7 hing granted to whom he pleaſe, un 66 religious Par * This is printed at large in the Appendix, Ne 1 i. © Co. Lit: 120. b. 5 4 a of this Kind, in Grants prohibiting the Grantee to convey —_T TY to religious Perſons, c. were nr Vid. App. N. 7. = © fons, A ä 3 A 1 2 a _—”. & 8 17 * p + 28 * * » : A r at — O97 7 ar 3 * 1 1 * : S 2 „ 4 o = 7” 2 > 5% 2 — 3 — — n VE 7 I wy ES RM — 8 F 1 Dr % * r N : oh as 7 * * 19 * — * 1 ' > * 1 2 K N * > ” 3 8 3 : * : . , F bY — * 5 83 T % 4 . 8 * N ö 6 . F * 2 1 : 1 8 - F 1 2 x 72 5 13 x b * 2 7 * 1 «© WW» ** . - * J * - 4 L 2 3 fo, a? Jews; and, chat he ſhould not grant it to tbem, as well as to any other, is ſu 2 by 2 Reaſon or Neceſſity, ſave only the Terms of the Grant. The uniform Practice of thoſe early Times appears to have been agreeable to this Opinion of Brafon. In the Firſt Lear of Richard the Firſt, Mrabam the Son of Auigay, a Few; fined in a Mark of Gold, becauſe it was not expreſſed,” in a Deed from the Earl of Arundel ts him, that the Manor of Rowell was mortgaged to him Vadium ſuum], as it ought to have been:. The Firſt Arjicle of the Capitula de Juleis, appointed \| to be inquired of in the Beginning of the Reign of Ri. chard the Firſt, runs thus: All the Debts, Mortgages, Lands, Houſes, Rents, and Poſſeſſions, „ of the Jews, « ſhall be regiſtred d. r In the Ninth of King Richard the Firſt; Anne 1199. a final Concord was acknowleged before Simon de Paiteſbull, and feveral other of the King's Juſtices, in a Cauſe de- pending before them between Philip Son of Walter, Plain- tiff, and Jacob, a Few, Son of Samuel, of Northampton, Terre-tenant of a Meſſuage, with the Appurtenances, in Nortbampton; whereby the ſaid Philip g ranted the ſaid Meſſuage, with the Appurtenances, to hold to the ſaid Jacob, and his Heirs, in Fee and Inheritance (Abi, et here- dibus ſuis, in feodo et hereditate), pa aying Fourteen Pence an- nually to the Grantor, and his eirs, in full of all Ser- vices 4 8 - Simon de Patttſhull, before” whom this Fine Is acknow-. leged, was in the Tenth Year of Richard the Firſt, and, f Braton, Edit. I 1569. Pa. 13. a. Item fieri poterit ui tam vitis - religiolis, quam aliis, quibus dari poterit ; item tam Judæis quam Chrifti- anis, niſi modus donationis inducat contrarium. Scilicet quod licitum fix. donatorio rem datam dare vel vendere cui voluerit, exceptis viris religio- ſis, et Judzis ; et, quod talibus perſonis dari non poterit, ſicut aliis, nulla ratio vel neceſſitas illud inducit, nifi tantum modus donationis. 5 Mag. Rot. 1. R. 1.-13. b. printed in Madd. Exch, 155. 6 d Omnia. debita et vadia Judzorum imbreyieotur, terrz, domus, redditus, et oe \| ſeſſiones. Haved.: > Be 745. 1 App, Ne II. W 5 probably, - * K le > an tea G * + 8 „ n 85 r 43s a * r = FA Y FT CES n : 9 n * S 88 e * WIS. 8 n 7 £5.98 * l Ran „ * > * N N „ 9 ay N * CID "> \ 3.00". 9 N Ne 8 0 A 5 , " _= F * * 2 * ck 2. td 9 N * „ r * r e A an - n WI” rd — N * <4 FL . . * RCC EL * . a” k D 2 2 — 188 J %* * A A 1 * Y E a EI * -: 5 ; 85 7 2 EEE 3 5 ” 2 0 N : w 9” LEE e 5 1 5 8 x * : . For this time, one of the Cystoder, or Justices of the Second Year of King John the Jews paid a Fine; after 4,000 Marks for the Renewal of their Charters and Privileges: The Year before, the Citizens of London had: 4,300 Marks on the like Occasion. By this Charter of Centurionation, T. 1st April, in the 2nd Year of his Reign, King John grants to the Jes of England and Normandy, that they might freely reside in his Territories; and might hold all those Things of him which they had so much, Henry the First, and also all those Things which they then reasonably held in Lands, Fees, and Mortgages in their estates, and would also claim the same. This Charter, as Witnesses, were eminent, both for Honour and Power; and that it appears by the Regizals, in it, that the Libellants thereby granted and confirmed the Jes were wholly, or for the most part, such as H. I. Grandfather, and F. II. Father, to King John, had formerly granted and confirmed to them by their respective Charter. By the Act of Parliament, ſe · Rolls of the 4th Near of King; Jahn it appears, that Bonefaud, a Jeu, of Bedford, Was in: Possession of an Estate in Land [rerram uam], called Hato, which he had in: Martgag. In the 9th and 10th Fears of King John, © Maſes,.2 Ferv, the Son of Brumus, who, as Mortgagee of the Manor of 160. e. I. Rudi Anglia dant Domino Regi quatuor mille marcas pro cartis suis confirmandis. Et miſſæ fuerint cartæ Gaufrido &lio Petri et Stephano de Pertico, ut eas faciat legi coram sic, et coram Dominiens Londinenſi et Norwicenſi epiſcopis; et, cum acceperit sicuritatem de illis quatuor mille marcis reddendis, tunc eis illas chartas eoram predictis hberet. Oblata 2. J. m. 3—Madd. Exch. 15 5. 2. Cives Londoniæ dant Domino Regi tria millia marcarum pro habenda confirmatione Domini Regis de libertatibus suis; et carta Iiberabitur G. filio Petri, per fic quod si illa eria millia marcarum volunt dare, sic am cartam habebunt; fin autem, cartam non habebunt. Rot. oblat. 1 J. m. 20. Madd. Exch. p. 175. e. n Pryn. zd Part of dis Dem. p. 7. Placita apud Bedeford, 4 Joh. Rot. 5. in Jorſo. Pryn. ubi supra, p. 9. App. No 3. Standon. App. Ne 6. App. Ke 7. Standon in Herfordshire, had recovered Sell, of the said Manor in the County-Court, brought his Action against the Sheriff of Essex and Hertfordshire, for not delivering him plenary Seifin or Possession of the said Manor: The Sheriff appeared to the Action, and pleaded; and the Result was, that the Sheriff was amerced; and judgment given, that the Jew should be put into Possession. In the 10th of King John, Anno 1209, a final Concord was acknowledged before the said Simon de Patteſpuil and Jacob de Potterne, the King's Judges, and others, between Robert de Norfolk, and Theofania his Wife, and Jacob the Son of Joseph, of a Meſſuage in London; whereby they quit claimed from them, and the Heirs of the said Theofania, to the said Jacob, and his Heirs forever, all their Right and Title to the said Meſſuage, with the Appurtenances 1. The 13th of King John, an Auge was brought, to try whether Robert de Kanvill unjustly dismissed William Conſe, and Beatrice his Wife, of their Freehold in Lincoln. Robert appeared; and pleaded, in Bar to the Aſſize, That he came into Possession by the King's Writs having purchased the same of certain Fews, to whom the said William had mortgaged the Premises; and that he claimed nothing therein, but in Right of the said said Auge. And, this appearing, the Court gave Judgment. The 24th of Henry III, the Prior and Convent of St. Gregory, in Canterbury, granted and confirmed, by Deed under their common Seal, and recorded in the Burghmote of Canterbury, to Mz han the Fewſs. Relict of David, a Meſſuage, &c. in Canterbury, to hold to her, and her Feirs, and to whomsoever she should think proper to give, Sell, or assign it, except to 4 religious House, freely and quietly, just bereditario, for ever; paying 20d. yearly to the Prior and Ne in full for all Services App. No 4. \| 2 App. MEL - Shan 2 Dem. That the Plaintiff should be amerced; and that the said Robert should hold the Estate as his Mortgage. The Sheriff of Clan, on some Man, seized into the King's Hands the movable and immovable Estates of the Jews in that County, he was, by the King's Writ, commanded to permit them to have the free Administration of their Estates; movable and immovable; cut habere debent secundum Mam regni noctri, et Clauſ. 24. H. III. Pars 1. m. 100. In the Clanſe-Rolls of 39 H. III. there is a large Catalogue of the Lands, Houses, Rents, Mortgages, real and personal Estates, and Debt, of Abraham, a Jew, in several Counties, amounting to a vast Sum, filling up near Two Membranes; which were all, upon some Occasion, imbreviated, and confiscated to the King's Use. The 27 E. III. An Extent issued against Michael the Son of Jacob, and other Jews, for a Debt. They owed the Crown; and the Sheriff of Gloucester was thereby commanded to seize into the King's Hands [omnes Terras, Domos, et Catalla, prædictorum Judzorum] all the Lands, Houses, and Chattels, of the said estate, which they had forfeited by their Note of the said Fine. Mech. Com. 27. H. III. Rot. 4 \| 28 H. III. Py will Extent iflued, 1 rhe Sheriff of Southampton to seize into the King's Hands all the Lands, Rents, and Chattels, of Elias the Son of Fas, a Few, for the Arrears of his Tallage. Memor. 28. H. III. Rot. n. 29 H. III. A „ was. iſſued, requiring the Jews, their Wives and Children, to remain in the Towns in which they, then resided, under Penalty, in case of disobedience, that all their Lands, Rents, and Chattels, should be seized and sold for the King's Use. Clause 29. M III. m. 17 7. 34 H. III. Malter de Stureia, by Deed. 0 to Mero Son of Jſaac, a Few, a Meſſuage, with the Appurtenances, in Canterbury, to hold to him, and his Heirs and Aſſigns, of the Grantor, and his Heirs, freely, quiet. Prynne, 2 Dem. p. 28. \| u Prynne, ubi supra, p. 28, b. vs Madd. Exch. 156. n. 1 Mad. "Exch. 153. W. e 3 Prynne, 2 Dem. 37. b. \| = oC, ly, 4 ä - 8 TIES (REAL 4 9 - 9 x a Dy. 20 22 IP. yas. af + ro N 2 + + + 3 N * + K ” — 2 : Ae? 85 N # 6 4 os # r, * ee TY math 82 ; X a 2 F 15. * oy N 25 8 og _ » * 2 * 1,, ” 0 1 * * : A. % * F . , ” by - I ty, and Kerbditaitly; for ever; rendering to the Lo + or 1 Fee the Servlets aimually due for che ſame, and to the Grantor, and his Heirs, Three Pence yearly7xp. \| 435 FH. III. the ee, of Vilton, Merleberg, and other Places, were directed to open the Archæ, or-Cheſt of the Jews, and make an Inventory of what they found there; and alfo to inquire of all the Eftates of the Fews, moveable atid immoveable, not in the Cheſt; videlicet, quantum finguti habeant in auro et argento, v vagiis, Joca- = — — redditibus, et omnibus roBu aliis.— Rot. Pat. 15 E. III. Reginald Son of Simon k G. of Norwich, by his Deed, granted, fold, and confirmed, to Abraham Son of Deiilerre, 4 Few, of Norwich, an annual Rent of Two Shillings and Six Pence a Year, iſſuing out of a Meſſuage in Norwich, to be paid to him, his Heirs and Aſſigns, or to whom he ſhould think fit to give, deviſe, or aſſign, the ; ſame,” freely, e peaceavlyy- and hereditarily, \| for ever. In the 33d of king Henry the Third, Roger Son of Euftace; of Norwich, granted, gave, and confirmed, to the before-named Abraham, Son of Deuletre, -a Few of Norwich, a Shed, with the Appurtenances, to hold to'the ſaid Abraham, and his Heirs, or to whom he ſhould think proper to give, bequeath, ſell, or aſſign, the ſame, freely, quietly, peaceably, and hereditarily, for ever; rendering Five Shillings annually to the Houſe of the Holy Trinity in Norwich, and to the 22 — and his Heirs, a Clove, in , full of all Services and Demands 7. That Fews were, during this Period, Perſags eſteemed capable to purchaſe real Eſtates, was ſo univerſally known, that it was common in Feoffments and Confirmations for the Grantor to warrant the Premiſes to the Grantee, and his Heirs, againſt all Perſons, as well Chriſtians as Jes; which would have been abſurd, if Jews had. by Law, incapable of holding real Eſtates. bi. —_— ON __ ww 4 * Auk 0 * Prynne, 2d Dem. P- 49. d. \| * App. No g. 7 App. N' 10. \| a Cz Thus, . 2 r 4 PRs LOTS ENS OS OW 8 * f wth e Fad 2 Ons POET 9 Fr NY TENT wok td ant thre hats 4. reel ä HF Sz 8 * — 8 F* OY 4 ; 3 BY "= 3 8 5 Y 2 * . * 7 * * n . . er n n 7 SA Hes ted . . 5 2.5 7 . ed. xt « * 5 * : NE 7 * Ks a . FO; . 2 « 5 x - 2 W 8 » i ; 20 „ o * > -y 8 a 4 - * 0 R, Du 1 1 224 1. 24 * w 4 : 3? SS W 4 2 2 5 * 4 N T ” 4 8 * 5 _— ” 1 * — x 4 4 * 1 :, * ;. 4 % Fx s 8 2 * * 5 4 5 * 1 4 — 5 J i 4., wo - v * } Thus, in the Reign of Henry III. Heliftus de Hokeninge; and Jabel his Wife, by their Deed of Infeoffment, granted; gave, and confirmed, to the said Abraham the Son of Den- letre, a Je, a Meſſuage, in Norwich, to hold to him, his Heirs and Aſſigns, or to whomsoever, and whensoever, he should think fit to give, bequeath, sell, or aſſign, the same, freely and hereditarily, for ever; rendering a Pound of Cumin-ſeed yearly for all Services and Demands; and the Grantor « and his; Heirs, thereby War ranted the 1 re- miſes to the Grantee, his Heirs and Aſſigns, for the said: Service, against all Persons, as well Christians as In the 56th of King, Henry III. John Durant, and Justifying his Wife, in like manner, granted and confirmed to Vivo de Wintonia, a Jew Of Canterbury, a Meſſuage, with the Ground, and other Appurtenances, to hold to him, his Heirs and Aſſigns forever; and they thereby undertook to warrant the same to the said Vivo, his Heirs and Aſſigns, against all Persons, Christians and eus, for ever. In the First Year of King Edward, the First, Roger Thale-both, by a like Deed, gave, granted, and confirmed, a Mezzanage, with the Appurtenances, in Canterbury, to Isaac Son of Benedict, a Jew; of Canterbury, and his Heirs, forever; and thereby undertook to warrant the said Mezzanage, with the Appurtenances, to the said Heirs, his heirs and assigns, against all Persons, Christians and Jews, ever?. The Rolls of the Exchequer, of the 3rd and 4th Ed. I. make mention, That, according to the Auspiciate and Statutes of the Judaic, the Jews in this Kingdom were entitled to have a Moiety of the Lands, Rents, and Chattels, of their Christian Debtors, until their Debts were satisfied. There was, in this and former Reigns, an Escheator of the Jews, whose Duty it was to take care of the Tenements. A. Mad. Exch. p. 168. d. EE 9 3 and - 8 ä n * e 9 R 5 4 7 * 5 - - and Chattels which came to the Hands or the Crown. VET the Death or Forfeitures of the eros. The great Roll of the Exchequer, of the 13th Ed. I. recites, That the King had commissioned, by his Letters Patents, William de Brayboot to sell the Houses, Lands, and Rents, of certain Fews, who had been convicted; for which the Executors of Brayboot there render an Account. For God's sake, having mortgaged his Lands to Haginus, the Son of Moses, a Few, and the Je having sold it to James de Audit, who sold it to Laurence de Brok, from whom it came to Hugh de Brok, who then held the same; John God's sake, in the 18th Ed. I. petitioned the Parliament for their Assistance to recover the Land; and thereafter the Parliament referred him to the Court of Chancery for Remedy. This Application would have been unnecessary, if a Few had been incapable to hold Lands, or to convey or make a Title to them. In the 18th Ed. I. Amo Domini 1290, the Jews left England, to the Number of about Fifteen or Sixteen thousand.— Authors differ concerning the Occasion and Manner of their Departure: Some (of which Opinion is the Lord Coke, 2d Inst. 308) say, the Parliament having, by the Statute de Judaicum, put a Stop to the Fews Trade of the Kingdom, or lending Money at Interest, they desired to leave the Kingdom; which was granted them: Others, which appears to be the better Opinion, insist they were banished; but by whom, whether by the Parliament, or by the King's sole Authority, does not certainly appear. On their Departure, the Lands, Debts, and personal Estate. Sétates, which they left behind them, sacrificed to the Crown; and Proclamations were issued, commanding all Persons, who owed any Money to any Few, or who knew anything of their Debts or Estates, to inform the Kings or his Council, thereof. Rot. hg pA I. in Rot. Comptroller, m. 1. b. Mad. Exch. p. 157. m. p. No 1 f Rot. Parl. 21 Ed. J. Rot. 5. 3 in ul Pi, Pac 173. Ca - "The - " 4 , B : m * 2 A N e * c oxi P v * 0 2 * \| „ 33 ne# ie NE ; hy * . * 9 * ain 8. i * #1 a one” 9 8 1 KS, >. \ « 2 9 „ r, e n n oy - $42 N n GE * 4 * « \| ; 5 2 x Sa LE 8 7 * 5 : - : * NN 85 * * * » 9 5 . k Ti. e 2 5 — +. A 4 3 f 8 : \| + * ＋ ” 2 0 ; P - 1 7 "#5 * "ey. 1 0 # 4 1 The 18th. th Zee, \| miſſed 505 de Kengale to ww” an Lp and. I, if ©. Houſes, Rents, and 2 enements, which belon A to, 855 Jews in England, by the Advice of proper Perſons, to ciated to him; and the King promised, to approve gr rang Sales,'and to make Grants to the Purchaſers of the Ins Rents, and Tenements, they should purchase ; and. to APP y the Money arising thereby L guoſcdam pios l me pious U ſes. The Rell of the Parliament held at Linden after, Egbert, the 21st Ed. I. recites, That the capital Lords, of whom the Jews, before their Parliament, held their Tenements, demanded the Arrears of the Services issuing out of those Tenements, as well during the time the Jews held them, as during the time the same came to the Hands of the King, as his Elegance, by reason of the Restoration of the reis; and also, after the time the King had granted those Estates, to others; and thereupon Directions are given, that the Arrears of Services, since the making of the Grant, should be discharged by the Grantees; that the Arrears incurred while those Estates were in the Hands of the King, should be paid by the Crown; and that the Lords of the Fee had no Right to demand the Arrears which, accrued due, while the Jews were in Possession and. There is in the Tower a particular Roll, containing an Account of the Grants made by Ed. I. of the Houses, Fc. of the Fews in consequence, Probably of the Survey and Extent made by Hugh de Kendale.—The Title set up, in these Grants, by the Crown, to the Estates of the Jews, is not their Incapacity to hold real Eſtates, as Jews or Aliens, but that the Estate was come to the Hands of the Crown as an Eſchequer, by the Baniſchment of the Jeu, per exilium ejuſdem Judæi a Regno noſtro, tinquam eſcaeta noſtra in manu noſtra exiſtit.
6946783_1	Wikipedia	CC-By-SA	Cheluo (kinesiska: 车逻, 车逻镇) är en köpinghuvudort i Kina. Den ligger i provinsen Jiangsu, i den östra delen av landet, omkring 94 kilometer nordost om provinshuvudstaden Nanjing. Antalet invånare är . Befolkningen består av kvinnor och män. Barn under 15 år utgör %, vuxna 15-64 år %, och äldre över 65 år %. Runt Cheluo är det tätbefolkat, med invånare per kvadratkilometer. Närmaste större samhälle är Gaoyou, km norr om Cheluo. Trakten runt Cheluo består till största delen av jordbruksmark. Genomsnittlig årsnederbörd är millimeter. Den regnigaste månaden är juli, med i genomsnitt mm nederbörd, och den torraste är januari, med mm nederbörd. Källor Orter i Jiangsu WP:Projekt Kina.
8087414_1	courtlistener	Public Domain	Opinion by Walker, J. In accordance with stipulation of counsel that the clothes and hat brushes are similar to those involved in United States v. Heinrich Herrmann & Weiss (26 C. C. P. A. 292, C. A. D. 30), which record was incorporated herein, the claim at 50 percent under paragraph 1506 was sustained.
github_open_source_100_8_20258	Github OpenSource	Various open source	#ifndef SHADER_H_ #define SHADER_H_ #include <glad/glad.h> #include <glad/glad.h> #include <glm/glm.hpp> #include <glm/gtc/matrix_transform.hpp> #include <glm/gtc/type_ptr.hpp> #include <string> #include <fstream> #include <sstream> #include <iostream> class Shader { public: unsigned int ID; Shader(const char* vertexPath, const char* fragPath); void use(); void initCubeShader(unsigned int cubeTexture, unsigned int specularTexture, glm::vec3 lightColor); void setCubeShader(glm::mat4 model, glm::mat4 view, glm::mat4 projection, glm::vec3 lightPos, glm::vec3 cameraPos, int repeat, unsigned int depthMap); }; #endif // SHADER_H_
github_open_source_100_8_20259	Github OpenSource	Various open source	/* eslint-disable react/jsx-props-no-spreading / import React from 'react'; import { shallow, mount } from 'enzyme'; import { PurePassword } from './Password'; import { WrapStyled } from './PasswordStyled'; jest.mock('containers/labeling', function () { return function () { return function (Component) { return function (props) { return /#__PURE__/React.createElement(Component, Object.assign({ t: function t(k) { return k; } }, props)); }; }; }; }); jest.mock('react-i18next', function () { return { withTranslation: function withTranslation() { return function (Component) { return function (props) { return /#__PURE__/React.createElement(Component, Object.assign({ t: function t(k) { return k; } }, props)); }; }; } }; }); describe('<Password/>', function () { afterEach(function () { jest.clearAllMocks(); }); describe('@renders', function () { var showInnerPopupMock = jest.fn(); it('should render initial state', function () { var wrapper = shallow( /#__PURE__/React.createElement(PurePassword, { showInnerPopup: showInnerPopupMock })); expect(wrapper.find(WrapStyled)).toHaveLength(1); }); it('should call showPopup on button click', function () { var wrapper = mount( /#__PURE__*/React.createElement(PurePassword, { showInnerPopup: showInnerPopupMock })); wrapper.find('button').simulate('click'); expect(showInnerPopupMock).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1); }); }); });
bpt6k6214255v_28	French-PD-Newspapers	Public Domain	Les chiffres de la quatrième colonne ont été calculés de la manière suivante. A partir de la date de chaque recensement, on a d'abord ajouté au chiffre otliciel, successivement, l'excédent des naissances sur les décès d'une date à l'autre. Puis l'écart entre le chiffre calculé à l'époque du recensement suivant et le chiffre officiel nouveau a été réparti uniformément sur l'intervalle des deux recensements. Toutefois, de 1806 à 1831, de 1851 à 1861 et de 1866 à 1872 on a renoncé à cette répartition en raison des événements qui ont faussé les résultats des recensements ou qui ont apporté de brusques perturbations au mouvement ordinaire de la population. De 1816 à 1821, les nombres relatifs à chaque année ont été déduits du résultat du recensement de 1821, par soustractions successives de l'excédent annuel des naissances sur les décès. De 1806 à 1816, on a pris pour point de départ le résultat du recensement du 1er janvier 1806, en tenant compte de l'excédent annuel des naissances sur les décès et en répartissant sur la période entière la différence entre les chiffres de population en 1816, calculée soit d'après la première méthode, soit d'après la seconde. En 1856 , les militaires engagés dans des expéditions lointaines, qui ne ont généralement pas compris dans les chiffres officiels, ont atteint nn nombre beaucoup plus important que d'ordinaire en raison de la guerre de Crimée. Le Service de la Statistique générale de la France a évalué l'effectif des troupes de Crimée et rectifié les chiffres du dénombrement de 1856 dans la colonne (4) du tableau. Les nombres applicables aux années 1852 à 1855 ont été déduits du nombre officiel de 1851 en opérant seulement sur les excédents de naissances. Ceux de 185781860 ont été déduits, par une opération analogue, du chiffre de 1861 diminué de la population annexée à cette date (Nice, Savoie), Eofin, les chiffres de 1867 à 1870 ont été déduits de celui de 1S66; celui de 1871 a été calculé en ajoutant au résultat officiel de 1872 l'excédent des décès sur les naissances constaté du 30 juin 1871 au 3o juin 1872. A partir de 1872 on a continnué à répartir l'écart quinquennal entre le chiffre officiel à chaque dénombrement et le chiffre calculé, en tenant compte de l'excédent des naissances dans l'intervalle. Les nombres de la colonne 4 sont calculés à 10,000 habitants près; cela ne veut pas dire que tous les chiffres inscrits soient exacts. Le chiffre des dizaines de mille est sûrement presque toujours erroné; on ne l'a inscrit que pour renseigner sur la valeur du chiffre des centainel de milles quoique la valeur de ce dernier chiffre ne soit même pas certaine, au moins pour les anciens recensements. Il se produit inévitablement des omissions, de personnes présentes au lieu de recensement; par contre le nombre des absents est souvent exagéré. r Tout compte fait, il semble que l'erreur des chiffres de population inscrits sur le tableau ci-dessus est probablement inférieure à 1/2 p. 100. (2) Superficie. De 1869 à 1918 , les résultats de l'état civil s'appliquent au territoire compris dans les frontières de 1871 à 1914 , dont la saperficie a été évaluée en 1897 à 536,463,74 km. carrés par le Service géographique de l'armée; à partir de 1920 et de 1861 à 1868, au territoire précédent augmenté de l'Alsace-Lorraine ( 14,522 km. carrés d'après le recensement du 1er décembre 1910) soit 550,986 km. carrés; de 1801 à 1860, au territoire défini Par le traité de Paris en 1815 , c'est-à-dire au territoire précédent moins la Savoie et le cnmté de Nice (13,286 km. carrés d'après l'évaluation du Service géographique de l'armée) , soit 537.699 km. carrés. Les anciennes évaluations, différentes suivant leur origine, mais toutes voisines de 53o,ooo km. carrés, nb comprenaient ni la laisse de mer, ni les estnaires, ni certaines parties improductives du territoire. Fin, des notes du tableau l, page î W. j TABLEAU II. — Population par sexe et par âge, aux divers recensements. (En milliers d'habitants.) ANNEES DE O DE 1 DE ÎO DE 4o DE 60 DE 80 ANS 1 ÂGE 1 ," ENSEMBLE DE RECENSEMENT. À 1 AN. A 19 ANS. A 59 ANS. A 59 ANS. A 79 ANS. et au-dessus. NON DÉCLARÉ. ENSEMBLE 1° SEXE MASCULIN. i85i,. ,. 333 6.223 5.536 4.016 1.565 104 18 17.795 1856. 376 6.172 5.451 4.116 1.585 100 57 17.857 1861. 412 6.330 5.696 4.255 1.799 114 39 18.645 1866. 417 6.401 5:752 4.345 1.925 114 17 19 014 1879. 353 6.130 5.326 4.140 1.906 113 15 17982 1876. 399 6.257 5.540 4.167 1.972 135 4 18374 1881 351 6.327 5.524 4.211 2.064 173 6 1S.656 -1886. 355 6.390 5.704 4.208 2.070 168 5 18 9i0 189) 338 6.345 5.717 4.236 2.121 165 10 18 932 1896.,. 341 6.309 5.778 4.220 2.094 175 4 18.922 1901. 374 6.266 5.764 4.245 2.073 144 51 18.917 1906. 376 6.276 5.841 4.324 1 2.107 147 29 19.100 1911 368 6.290 5.921 4.416 2.078 146 36 19.255 1921. 397 5.758 5.160 4.731 2.210 153 36 18.445 1926. 376 5.900 5.822 4.713 2.296 164 38 19.309 1931. 371 5.951 6.384 4.641 2.373 163 29 19J912 20 SEXE FÉMININ. 1851. 322 6.034 5.583 4.078 1.820 139 12 17.988 i856. 364 6.041 5.684 4.096 1.822 132 16 18.155 1861.,. 398 6.227 5.732 4.227 1.995 143 19 18.744 1866 405 6.256 5.798 4.327 2.057 149 61 19.053 1872. 343 5.982 5.478 4.146 2.005 154 12 18.120 1876. 389 6.130 5.531 4.223 2.073 182 4 18.532 1881. 339 6-225 5.550 4.263 2-155 212 5 18.749 1886. 345 6.350 5.716 4.234 2.179 201 5 19.030 1891. 334 6.323 5.743 4.307 2.271 212 il 19.201 1896. 337 6.306 5.865 4.320 2.288 224 6 f9.346 1901 371 6.271 5.864 4.410 2.345 208 65 19.534 t9o6. 370 6.253 5.947 4.508 1.409 215 42 19.745 1911 ; 359 6.240 6.007 4.595 2.465 225 47 19.938 1921.,..;. 387 5.710 6.202 5.070 2.692 254 38 20.353 1926 , 367 5.805 6.401 5.219 2.806 274 47 20.919 1931. 363 5.815 6.529 5.352 2.930 291 37 21.317 TABLEAU III. Répartition proportionnelle, suivant l'âge, de la population aux divers recensements. ANNÉES DE 0 DR 1 DE 20 DE 4o DE 60, DE 80 ANS DE 0 DE 1 DE 20 DE 4o DE 60 BB 80 AIlS , 3 et" 3 , et DE RECENSEMENT. f 1 AN. A 19 ANS. A 3g ANS. A 59 ANS. A 79 ANS. aD-dessus. i 1 AN. À 19 ANS. i 3g ANS. A 59 ANS. A 79 ANS. an.,]essI1, p. IOO. p. ÎOO. p. IOO. p. ÎOÔ. p. ÎOO. p. IOO. p. IOO. p. ÎOO. p. IOO. p. IOO. p. IOO. p. IOO. 1° SEXE MASCULIN. 2° SEXE FEMININ. 10 SEXE MASCULIN. 2" SEXE FÉMJNIN. i8556 i. 1,87 35,01 31,14 22,59 8,80 0,59 1,79 33,57 31,11 22,69 10,12 0,77 i8 1,87 35,01 31,14 22,59 8,80 0,59 1,79 33,57 31,11 22,69 10,12 0,77 i856. 2,11 34,68 30,63 23,12 8,90 0,56 2,00 33,31 31,34 22,58 10,04 0,73 1861 2,21 34,02 30,62 22,87 9,67 0,61 2,12 33,26 30,62 22,58 10,66 0,76 1S66. 2,16 33,70 30,50 22,90 10,13 0,61 2,14 32,95 30,53 22,78 10,81 0,79 0872. 1,96 38,12 29,65 23,04 10,60 0,63 1,89 33,04 30,26 22,89 11,07 0,85 I876. 2,17 34,07 29,62 22,68 10,73 .0,73 2,10 33,09 29,85 22,79 11,19 0,98 1881. 1,-88 33,93 29,62 22,58 11,07 0,92 1,81 33,21 29,61 22,74 11,50 1,13 1886 1.88 33,82 30,19 22,27 10,95 0,89 1,81 33,28 30,05 22,25 11,45 1,06 1891. 1,77 33,54 30,22 22,39 11,21 0,87 1,74 32,95 29,93 22,45 11,83 1,10 1896. 1,80 33,35 30,55 22,31 11,07 0,92 1,74 32,61 30,33 22,34 11,83 1,15 190. 1,98 33,22 30,55 22,50 10,95 0,76 1,90 32,22 30,12 22,65 12,04 1,07 1906 1,97 32,93 30,64 22,63 11,00 0,77 1,88 31,74 30,18 22,88 12,23 1,M igii 1,91 32,73 30,82 22,97 10,81 0,76 1,80 31,38 30,20 23,10 12,39 1,15 1921 ,. 2,16 31,28 28,03 25,70 12,00 0,83 1,90 28,11 30,53 24,95 13,26 1,25 1926 2,00 30,60 30,20 24,50 11,90 0,80 1,80 27,80 30,70 25,00 13,40 1,30 i93i 1,90 29,90 32,10 23,40 11,90 0,80 1,70 27,30 1 30,70 1 25,10 1 13,80 1 1,40 Résultats statistiques des recensements pour les tableaux Il à V. (Suite et fin des notei du tableau 1. ) (3) Les nombres portés dans les colonnes. 5 à 16 résultent du dépouillement des registres de l'état civil. On n'a inscrit que des milliers d'unités en forçant le chiffre des mille lorsque le nombre des unités omises dépassait 5oo. De là résulte que le nombre relatif au total des naissances, par ex emple, diffère parfois d'une unité du nombre relatif aux naissances suivant le sexe ou la légitimité. (4) De 1869 à 1918, non compris l'Alsace-Lorraine. (5) Évaluation pour go départements, y compris les décès de militaires. Les résultats détaillés n'ont été établis que poir les 77 départements non envahis. ( Voir Statistique du mouvement dê la population, années 1914 à 1919.) (6) Nombres définitifs pour 90 départements (frontières de 1919). — (7) Nombre. provisoires pour 90 départements (frontières de 1919). (8) Pour 87 départements. (9) Pour 90 départements. TABLEAU IV. — Population suivant l'âge et l'état matrimonial aux divers recensements. (En milliers d'habitants.) 1 SEXE MASCULIN. SEXE FÉMININ. ANNÉES 0 à 18 À 59 ANS. 60 ANS ET PLUS. ° à 15 À 49 ANS. 50 ANS ET PLUS. 17 ans. \| lAans. la Veu.fs Veufs Veuves. VeDveti de ~T. C~ C~„ Venfs Venfs Veuves CêliAivIiaou RECENSEIfENT. CéliCéliOD Céli., ou CeliCéliMaou haOD RECFUSEKEriT. babaMariés ou CeliRECENSEMENT. b, ataMaries divor_ haM. , ân.e, s divor. babacées. taires. ■ cées'. taires. taires. cés> taires. cés taires. taires. v céegl85, 5.936 3.907 5.898 367 121 1.080 468 4.801 4.076 4.899 381 470 2.045 1.304 tg56 5.961 3.709 6.040 405 128 1.081 476 4.875 3.994 5.045 437 450 2.041 1.297 1861. 6.106 3.925 6.264 398 141 1.241 531 5.009 4.002 5.200 424 468 2.167 1.362 ,,88,,6 2.;; 6.195 3.671 6.386 395 154 1.317 569 5.056 3.952 5.416 439 483 2.240 1.466 18p. 5.875 3.577 6.067 430 169 1.273 576 4.808 3.590 5.135 529 441 2.177 1.402 1876. 6.046 3.573 6.241 404 177 1.347 582 4.944 3.546 5.343 510 452 2.223 1.526 1881. 6.033 3.870 6.098 412 204 1.420 613 4.951 3.809 5.203 458 518 2.294 1.518 1886. 6.104 4.087 6.042 423 226 1.428 585 5.084 3.955 5.177 489 551 2.309 1.400 iSoL. 6.042 3.984 6.169 441 211 1.468 607 4.986 3.943 5.332 499 529 2.321 1.580 1896. 5.982 4.008 6.230 430 203 1.459 606 4.964 3.962 5.424 503 537 2.303 1.647 19°1. 6.016 3.777 6.502 399 179 1.432 612 5.018 3.672 5.705 515 501 2.239 1.884 19°6. 6.038 3.736 6.675 394 171 1.477 609 5.036 3.589 5.933 502 494 2.256 1.935 1911. , 6.053 3 687 6.881 404 174 1.451 603 5.016 3.530 6.082 525 498 2.292 1.993 toti 5.473 3.314 6.864 426 185 1.571 611 4.386 3.934 5.957 813 563 2.532 2.168 19s6. 5.590 3.380 7.489 386 194 1.661 610 4.481 3.744 6.502 715 578 2.682 2.216 4.6ô!1 3.501 6.743 673 603 2.81l¡ 2.315 lg3i 5.710 3.492 7.793 378 198 1.738 603 4.669 3.501 6.743 673 603 2.814 2.315 TABLEAU V. — Répartition proportionnelle de la population de chaque catégorie d'âge, suivant l'état matrimonial, aux divers recensements. 1 SEXE MASCULIN. SEXE FÉMININ. ANNÉES ..--' 59 Aris.6o ANS ET PLUS. 15 1 49 Aris. 5o ANS ET -PLUI. ab ------ANS ET PLU. de' ve-..î RECENSEMENT. Céliba., Venfs Céiiba., Veufs CélihaMariées. divortaires. Veuves Mari. e/ s, divorMaries. divorVeuves CélibaMari., ees. divortairesces. tairescés. taires. cées. tairescées. ------ 3,60 7,25 64,71 28,04 43,57 52,36 4,07 12,30 53,55 34,15 18516. 36,53 59,48 3,99 7,60 64,15 28,25 42,15 53,24 4,61 11,88 53,88 34,24 iS6i. 37,08 59,17 3,75 7,37 64,87 27,76 41,19 54,45 4,34 11,71 54,22 37,07 1866 35,12 6a,10 3,78 7,55 64,56 27,89 40,30 55,23 4,47 11,70 54,25 34,05 187A 35,51 60,23 4,26 8,37 63,09 28,54 38,79 55,49 5,72 10,90 53,81 35,29 IB76 34,97 61,08 3,95 8,40 63,96 27,64 37,73 56,84 5,43 10,80 53,12 36,08 188137,28 58,75 3,97 9,12 63,48 -27,40 40,20 54,97 4,83 12,00 53,12 34,88 i886. 38,73 57,26 4,01 10,09 63,78 26,13 41,11 53,81 5,08 12,75 53,45 33,80 1891. 37,61 58,23 4,16 9,23 64,22 26,55 40,34 54,55 5,11 11,94 52,39 35,67 1-896. 37,57 58,40 4,03 8,95 64,33 26,72 40,07 54,85 5,08 11,97 51,32 36,71 tgoi. 35,37 60,90' 3,73 8,05 64,40 27,55 37,12 57,67 5,21 10,83 48,42 40,75 L9o6. 34,57 61,78 3,65 7,58 65,45 26,97 35,81 59,18 5,01 10,54 48,16 41,30 Ig11.,. 33,60 62,70 3,70 7,80 65,10 25,10 34,80 60,00 5,20 10,40 17"jo 41.70 ).9-'i. 31,30 64,70 4;00 7,80 66,40 25,80 36,80 55,60 7,60 10,70 48,10 (11,20 t9'6. 30,00 66,60 3,40 7,90 67,40 24,70 34,20 59,30 6,50 10,60 49,00 40,40 :1g;I1. 30,00 66,80 3,20 7,80 68,45 23,75 32,10 61,70 6,20 10,50 49,10 40,40 TABLEAU VI. — Mariages, naissances, décès, de 1887 à 1921, suivant les catégoriesde population population rurale et villes de 5.000 à 20 000, de 20.000 à 100.000 et de plus de 100.000 habitants. * (Voir Annuaire 1928, page 15). Recrutement. 1 1 TABLEAU L — Inscrits maritimes. i (Y compris l'Algérie.) 1 INSCRITS (i) HORS —-——————————-———.————————-— DE PROVISOIRES DBFiIlITlFS SERVICE INDIETRANANNEE S. —' ------------(cinquanteTOTAL âgés âgés agëtâgés naires et GENES. GERS. de moins de plus de 18 de 90 réformés). de 18 ans. de 18 ans. à 20 ans. à 5o ans. (1) (2) loavril 1897. 31.562 17.619 9.770 128.871 50.111 „ , 237.933 10 octobre igoo. 25.605 15.441 8.609 113.148 51.987 „ 2J4.880 iooctobrei9o5. 24.147 14.121 9.483 117.236 57.856 322.843 10 octobre 1906. 224.191 14.235 9.567 117.425 57.637 223.055 looctohrelgo1. 24.098 14.190 9.407 116.861 57.813 « « 222.369 i o octobre igog 24.397 12.426 8.681 116.959 57.363 „ « 219.826 io octobre igio 22,474 11.905 8.421 115.987 58.982 < « 217.769 10 octobre ion. 21.439 10.137 8.410 115.539 58.165 « 213.690 io octobre igia. 21.449 10.259 7.993 114.717 59.305 « „ 213.894 10 octobre igiS. 22.143 10.57 8.030 121.970 , 65.848 « » 228.570 lU juillet 1922. 31.605 119.708 53.170 1.264 « 205.747 1" juillet i9a3. 28.559 114.913 41.513 3.405 » 188.390 1" juillet 1924. 26.7qli 111.457 38.182 3.488 2.317 182.189 1" juillet 1926 25.425 116.674 35.420 3.472 2.221 183.212 iar juillet Ig26. 25.633 114.545 36.410 n ,, „ ier juillet 1936. 14.749 80.521 35.407 a n » ier juillet 1937. 15.886 76.827 36.042 » n „ l"rjuiHetI938. 16.883 75.738 37.625 „ „ (1) Loi du 24 décembre 1896 : Celui qui commence à exercer la navigation maritime à titre professionnel est immatriculé comme inscrit provisoire. Lorsqu'il est âgé de 18 aus, et que depuis l'âge de 10 ans il a accompli 18 mois de navigation, l'inscrit provisoire' est immatriculé comme inscrit définitif avant 21 ans s'il est porté à nouveau sur sa demande au rôle d'équipage d'un navire de commerce français, ou s'il réclame son inscription définitive en déclarant vouloir continuer la profession de marin. Cette loi n'est, en général, pas applicable aux colonies. (2) La diminution de 1913 à 1922 est due à la radiation des inscrits n'exerçant plus la navigation depuis cinq ans. Renseignements communiqués par le Ministère de la Marine jusqu'en igi3 et par le Sous-Secrétariat d'État de la Marine ~mari chande depuis 1922. j TABLEAU II. — Conscrits classés suivant la taille depuis la classe 1836 (nombres absolus). ! JEUNES JEUNES JEUNES GENS DU CONTINGENT AYANT LES TAILLES DE KIKUPTKA GENS GENS -—'——'~ examinés formant DOKT pour CLASSES. par lecontinim 560 181570 im5g8 1-625 181652 1-679 1-706 gent a a a a a a a a côn_ de active. la taille. revision. active. i836-i84c 177.542 79.867 2.312 8.092 11.759 15.493 11.715 10.836 10.772 1.804 247 6.838 13.804 18À1-1.845 176.185 79.907 2.324 8.087 11.570 15.339 11.656 10.876 10.267 1.739 206 7.842 12.454 i846-i85o 166.663 79.945 2.287 7.942 11.724 15.027 11.210 10.824 9.758 1.697 229 9.247 11.638 : i85i-855. 221.184 114.633 3.353 11.215 16.922 20.778 15.072 15.250 13.644 2.374 320 15.705 14.267 i856-i86ô 219.871 107,163 3.083 10.743 16.630 19.408 13.828 14.530 13.004 2.392 35L 13.194 13.506 1861. 205.093 99.874 2.744 10.065 15.661 18.275 12.553 13.905 12.381 2.246 360 11.684 11.710 1862 204.04799.S67 2.686 10.215 16.047 18.654 13.015 14.306 12.605 2.379 379 9.581 11.428 .863. 204.870 99.814 2.747 9.959 15.928 18.736 12.479 14.126 12.358 2.334 337 10.810 II.421 j 1864. 198.916 99.919 2.719 9.686 15.643 18.583 13.002 13.910 12.490 2.1g4 408 11.294 10.609 186 5 196 730 99941 2.890 10.338 15.817 18.646 12.934 13.930 12.641 2.320 401 10.024 10.741 i866. 192.930 99.930 2.956 9.913 15.936 18.617 12.877 13.732 12.579 2.309 421 10.590 9.847 1 1" 55 im58" im 61 im 64 66. im 69. im 72. im 78. lm 84. dessus. 1867. 185.094 99.872 6.617 11.747 16.146 18.185 14.671 10.242 8.022 1.213 219 12.816 7.607 j 1868. 188.959 99.934 8.046 12.558 16.929 18.424 15.138 10.534 7.578 1 1.200 149 9.378 7.655 1871 178.845 104.960 « 7.216 11.929 15.994 17.703 14.245 10.531 @ 7.563 1 1.2291 165 18.385 9.041 NOTA. Pour chaque année 1836 à 1840, voir l'Annuaire statistique de la France, de 1922, page 16. Compte rendu annuel sur le recrutement de l'armée. — NOTA: Changements de législation relative à la taille en 1868 minimum abaissé à 1m 55 , 1872 (minimum abaissé à 1m 54), 1886 et 1901 (suppression du minimun de taille). j 1 TABLEAU M. — Conscrits classés suivant la taille depuis la classe 1836 ( nombres absolus). [Suite et fin.] GENS JEUNES JEUNES GENS AYANT LES TAILLES DE EUHPTÉS AJOUBligs AlOUIUIB6 JEUNES JKI,MFA JEUNES GENS AYANT LES TAILLES DE EXEMPTÉS AJOURNÉS AJOURNÉS g tenus GENS dont par par pour M sur les propres moins lm 54 im 67 lm 70 lm 73 on n'a le conseil le conseil défaut < tableaux au et pu .0 de de à im 63. im64. im 65. 1° 66. à à et pu de de de recenservice m aunaître de de de sement. actif. 1"fal1 m 69, 1 72. dessus. lata'ille. «""«on. • • révision.■ • taille. la tedi.. PROPRES AU SERVICE ACTIF. 1871.. 803,810 151,039 « M,731' 10,250 11,140 11,482 10,465 23,130 16,654 13,438 9,749 30,433 21,022 6,490 1873.. 296,505 152,425 45,728 10,395 10,687 11,018 10,315 23,201 16,735 13,003 11,343 27,427 21,355 7,073 1874.. 283,768 140,863 41,510 9,524 9,817 10,141 9,677 21,158 15,944 13,165 9,927 29,797 19,508 6,339 1875.. 279,846 136,502 « 39,746 9,706 9,823 10,230 9,671 21,191 15,812 12,819 7,498 32,551 21,236 5,728 1876.. 294,382 140 812 40,877 10,111 9,637 10,097 9,816 22,281 16.488 13,993 7,512 31,730 23,545 6,553 1877.. 286,107 131 827 „ 37,349 9,435 9,179 9,632 9,119 21,100 15,794 13,068 7,151 33,812 26,373 6,110 1878.. 295,924 141,797 « 41,606 10,016 9,619 10,031 9,955 22,944 17,410 13,743 6,473 33,543 27,955 6,556 1879.. 316,662 152,502 46,068 10,504 10,574 10,831 10,551 25,313 18,306 14,549 5,806 34,857 30,686 ,, 1880.. 306.833 147,039 43,706 10,417 10,280 10,765 10,194 24,598 17,618 14.05S 5,403 34,659 30,927 7,192 1881.. 309,689 137,425 -, 39,474 9,557 9,415 9,881 9,500 23,069 16,802 14,458 5,269 40,262 37,751 6,560 1882.. 312,924 139,269 40,036 9,338 9,551 10,053 9,618 1 23,826 17,391 14.280 5,136 38,784 38,589 6,939 i883.. 313,951 138,926 „ 39,785 9,281 9,636 9,970 9.736 23,482 17,538 14,223 5,275 37,842 39,105 7,158 1884..309,097135,779 39:055 8,957 9.550 10,077 9,825 22,784 16,889 13,190 5,452 37,728 38,318 6;826 1885.. 306,854 132,496 38,122 1 9,199 1 9,347 9,993 1 9,584 21,811 16,109 1 13,066 5,265 39,760 39,726 6,705 MAINTENTJS SUR LES TABLEAUX DE RECENSEMENT. 1886.. 316,090 138,446 7,948 80,785 22,931 22,729 23,853 22,128 44,795 33,683 28,565 28,673 36,401 43,115 7,208 1887.. 308,245 140,049 8,405 81,541 21,421 21,515 22,638 20,743 44,269 33,570 28,178 25,965 33,282 40,166 7,122 1888.. 295,707 130.453 8,351 77,560 20,698 21,135 21,580 20,148 42,008 32,228 27,668 24,331 30,632 39,231 6,839 1889.. 310,275 140,718 9,219 82,708 22,362 22,244 22,891 21,251 43,564 33,518 28.755 23,763 29,620 39,997 7,023 1890.. 300,247 132,399 8,325 78,964 20,960 21,218 22,341 20,178 42,557 33,085 27,872 24,747 28,685 42,709 6,435 1891.. 277,425 124,480 7,874 76,369 18,441 18,816 19,931 18,170 40,235 30,528 25,521 21,540 28,884 40,167 6,372 1892.. 343,651 156,576 9,475 90,377 23,511 23,124 24,286 22,536 50,579 39,672 32,936 26,876 30,356 50,373 1893.. 330,138 /1 8,921 88,595 22,627 22,177 23,258 21,959 48,593 38,302 32,088 23.618 26,081 48,348 189L. 337,109 163,121 9,199 89,396 22.836 22,846 24,085 22,132 48,647 37,880 32,513 27,575 27,633 56,427 7,226 1895.. 331,368 158,801 8,918 88,179 22,451 22,599 23,777 22,976 46,956 36,589 31,167 27756 25,918 43,540 7,313 1896.. 338,327 159,171 9,212 90,081 22,668 23,315 24,385 23,422 48,241 37,438 31,966 27,599 27,511 47,036 7,076 1897.. 331,179 152,944 8,642 87,334 22,016 22,234 22,953 21,672 47,738 36,493 31,453 30,644 26,198 45,276 7,000 1898.. 324,538 140,068 8,540 84,320 21,513 21,434 22,379 20,554 47,377 35,827 31,627 30.967 29,313 53,011 6,584 1899.. 324,334 145,146 8,187.82,719 21,592 21,966 22,864 21,101 46,683 35,636 31,690 31,896 27,297 49,488 6,420 1900.. 309,332 139,689 7,177 78,298 20,704 20,891 22,081 14,969 44,771 34,130 30,178 31,133 25,526 44,437 5,291 1901.. 325,013 159,043 12,445 78,589 21,032 21,530 23,511 21,328 46,462 36,246 31,405 32,465 22,041 42,372 1902.. 324,253 139,727 12,445 72,157 21,177 21,814 23,266 21,315 70,404 40,505 35,170 25,432 62,160 1903.. 321,243 147,010 7,268 82,776 17,608 18,874 20,388 18,600 49,232 37,745 34,426 34,326 23,205 55,125.. igo4.. 321,929 146,958 6,797 80,791 17,514 18,473 20,584 18,870 49,790 37,714 33,681 37,715 23,784 56,635 1905.. 326,793 214,670 6,776 80,354 17,712 18,402 20,117 18,813 50,522 37,727 35,592 40,778 25,667 42.727 « 1906.. 313,787 208,121 6,213 78,912 16,877 18,095 19,684 18,066 48,799 36,820 34,232 36,089 27,604 34,433 /1 1907.. 318,449 209,322 6,345 77,972 17,724 18,337 20,434 18,815 50,846 38,627 36,699 32,650 29 607 38,128 /1 1908.. 315,452 215,970 6,331 76,868 18,340 19,063 20,938 18,888 50,141 37,817 35,476 31,590 26,826 33,981 /1 1909.. 316,200 218,315 6,132 75,796 18,555 19,175 21,583 18,323 50,332 38,626 36,966 30,712 25,692 31,910 1910.. 301,467 208,495 5,749 72,857 17,121 17,809 20,927 18,012 47,764 36,992 34,331 29,905 23,995 30,704 n 1911.. 314,369 220,958 5,836 75,410 17,808 18,312 21,771 19,019 50,079 38,122 36,107 31,905 24,120 30,078 1912.. 309,580 221,044 4,913 72,241 16,606 17,891 20,565 18,027 49,640 39,324 36,957 33,416 Ig,384 26,027 r 1913.. 321,502200,151 H 17,220 56.274 1 1914 M 318,464 181,777 5,147 68,058 15,627 16.529 19,976 17,064 44,977 35,373 31,532 34,154 18,982 77,667 « 19 J 5 P> 299,806 209,929 , 13,906 46,146 * 19161') 313,710 195,741 7,206 77,567 17,625 18,088 21,979 18,153 47,911 37,748 32,037 35,396 12,529 75,740 1917 (3) 313,070 173,636 9,719 79,926 17,942 17,860 21,825 18,325 48,175 35,217 29,267 34,805 11,302 105,705 1918 W 299,624 108,895 7,845 73,861 16,827 16,881 20,816 17,342 45,887 34,957 29,272 35,933 7,750 50,332 1919 W 302,077 194,096 9,296 74,508 16,721 18,938 19,269 17,127 44,432 34,370 29,746 37,610 8,408 52,737 « 1920.. 298,302 161,825 , 10,204 , 77,327 15,821 17,240 19,452 16,719 43,859 33,758 27,856 36,066 8,970 93,967 1921.. 347,213 237,761 7,825 77,980 17,277 19,166 23,598 18,910 55,309 46,672 42,388 38,088 12,846 61,943 1922 M 349,135 221,358 6,916 76,379 17,172 19,094 23,793 1 18,9891 57,078 47,775 45,164 1 36,775 1 15.581 77,581 (1) Tous examines par les conseils de revision (sauf les absents). (s) La décomposition par tailles s'applique à la France moins les régions envahies, les autres chiffres à la France entifire. (S) Chiffres relatifs à l'ensemble du territoire où les conseils de revisioD ont pu fonctionner. — Voir note (5) du Tableau Ill, page 18". W La statistique n'est plus établie depuis 1922. TABLEAU III. — Conscrits classés suivant la taille. (Nombres proportionnels W.) Taille moyenne (2). im 56o lm 570, 1"598 im 6a5 im 65a im 679 1" 706 im L'ARMÉE ACTIVE ( Taille supérieure à 1 m. 56). 1836-184o 3 2 11 0 16 1 21 2 16 0 15 0 14 1 2 5 3 1,655 i84i-i85o 3 3 11 2 16 3 21 3 16 0 15 2 14 0 2 4 3 1,655 i85i-i86o 3 3 11 3 17 4 20 8 151 155 138 25 3 1,654 1861-1866 3 1 11 2 17 7 20 8 14 4 15 7 14 1 2 6 4 1,656 Moins im 54 lm 67 im 70 im 73 de à lm 63. il 64. il 65. im 66. à à et lm ( Taille supérieure à 1 m. 54). 1872-1880 .4 31 1 7 4 7 4 7 7 7 3 16 7 12 4 10 0 1'648 1881-1885 29 9 7 1 7 2 7 6 7 3 1 17 5 12 9 10 5 1,649 JEUNES GENS MAINTENUS SUR LES TABLEAUX DE RECENSEMENT (Tonte, tailles). 1886-1890 3 0 r 28 1 7 7 7 8 8 1 7 4 15 5 11 8 10 0 1,64.7 1891-1900 2 9 28 8 7 4 7 4 7 7 7 2 15 9 12 2 10 5 1,647 1901 42 26 9 72 74 80 73 15 9 12 4 10 7 1,647 190a 43 27 1 1 3 75 80 74 24 4 14 0 1,646 igo3.. 25 28 8 61 66 72 65 17 2 13 112 0 1.654 190 4 2 4 28 4 62 6 5 72 66 17 5 13 3 11 9 1905 23 28 1 62 64 70 66 17 7 13 2 12 5 1,653 190 6 22 28 4 61 65 71 65 17 6 13 3 12 3 1,662 190 7 2 2 273 6 2 6 4 72 66 178 135 12 8 19°8. 22 27 1 65 6 7 74 66 17 7 13 3 12 5 1,662 1909. 21 26 6 65 67 76 64 17 6 13 5 13 0 1,663 igio 21 268 64 66 77 66 176 136 126 1,662 191 1 ; 2 1 267 63 65 77 6 7 17 7 135 128 1,660 1911 (•) 1 8 26 2 6 0 6 5 7 4 65 180 14 2 134 1,665 1913 * * ,1914(3)(1).,,' 20 268 61 65 79 67 177 13 12 4 W 1,664 1915 (6t » ■ « « » « » ■ 1916 m 26 279 63 65 79 65 172 136 il 5 1,659 1917 16) 35 287 65 611 78 66 173 127 -105 1,656 1918 (B) 3 0 28 0 6 4 6 4 79 66 17 4 132 11 1 1,661 ,9i9 ('). 35 282 63 72 73 65 168 130 112 1,657 t9'o' 39 29 5 60 66 74 64 167 129 106 1,654 1931 (5) 25 253 56 62 76 61 17 9 151 137 1,66 lgaa l5) 22 24 4 55 61 77 61 18 3, 15 3 14 4 1,65 (J) Calculés sur l'ensemble des jeunes gens de taille connue. 11 Tailles moyennes figurant dans le compte rendu sur le recrutement de l'armée. I3) Les 0/00 ne s'appliquent qu'aux a54,a83 jeunes gens dont la taille est mentionnée au tableau II, p. 17 W On n'a pas tenu compte, pour le calcnl, des jeunes gens cJes Ardennes, du Nord et du Pas-de-Calais. I5) Dates des opérations des conseils de révision : Classe 1912. — Février-mars igi3. Classe 1918. — Janvier-février 1917. — 1913. — Octobre-novembre igi3. — 1919 — Février-mars 1918. — 1914. — Février-juin igi4. — 1920. — Août-octobre 1918. — igi5. — Septembre-novembre 1914. — 1921. — Janvier-mars 1921. — 1916. JanYier-février igi5. — 1922. Janvier-avril lûtt. 1917. Mai-juillet igi5. Il) La statistique n'est plus établie depuis 1922. Instruction. TABLEAU I.. — Nouveaux mariés illettrés. — Degré d'instruction des conscrits depuis la classe 1832 (1). JEUNES GENS MAINTENUS SUR LES LISTES DE TIRAGE I ÉPOUX —» — I ANNÉES DES MARIAGES. ILLBTTBBfJ (2) , \| ANNÉES DES MARIAGES. 1Hamii (2) ILLETTRES NE SACHANT SACHANT SACHANT DONT I p. o/o. 0 o. ni lire lire lire on n'a pu TOTAL. p. 0/0. ni lire lire lire vérifier TOTAL. I CLASSES DES CONSCRIT».. , veriner II CLASSES DES GOUSCRITB. Époux. Épouses. (3) ni ecrire. seulement. et écrire. l'instruction. I1 EpoM. ) EpOtnet. 1832., „ 53.31 131,353 12,043 125,601 8,480 277,477 i833. 51.78 131,011 11,228 132,435 11,131 285,805 I 1834. 50.81 149,195 11,784 155.839 9,480 326,298 I i835. 50.09 139,585 11,022 150,033 8,736 309,376 i836 49.14 136,294 11,807 153,290 8,125 309,516 I\| ,837! u „ 49.82 128,127 11,095 147,548 .7,851 294,621 I ,838 » « 45.87 120,436 11,396 147,253 8,226 287,311 I 1839' » 46.83 130,434 12,898 162,708 8,481 314,521 I 1840. 46.93 125,760 11,736 155,479 7,742 300,717 I „ 45.62 121,698 11,848 159,226 8,050 300,822 I i84i 45.25 122.058 12.131 162.304 7,729 304.222 ,84a « » 45.25 122,058 12,131 162,304 7,729 304,222 I ,843 » 44.07 118,790 12,047 166,008 8,153 304,998 I ,844. n » 43.31 117,879 12,922 171,198 6,901 308,900 I 1845. » 42.65 111,382 13,130 168,575 7,688 300,775 I ,846 •> 41.51 109,038 14,796 174,478 8,779 307,091 I ,847 T « 40.57 106,443 13,096 175,111 10,255 304,905 I ,848 « 40.17 106,138 13,344 175,504 10,138 305,124 I 1849" « 40.15 106,279 13,092 175,416 9,236 304,023 I ,85o » 38.94 104,995 10,664 181,298 8,755 305,712 I 1851. „ 38.66 105,906 10,781 185,131 9,400 311,218 I 185:1.,,,,,,," , „ 38 14 98,671 10,811 177,381 8,899 295.762 I ,853 » 37 67 99,548 10,445 181.917 9,385 301,295 I 1854. , 31 46 37.26 99,600 10,865 185,971 10,186 306,622 I 1855. 32 q8 36.35 102,485 10,462 195,209 9,699 317,855 I 1856.;. 31 47 35.89 97,875 9,992 192,873 9,549 310,289 I -m?".-.-." 31 46 34.75 90,373 9,142 186,530 8,716 294,761 I J8i8.,.," 31 46 34.42 92,579 9,761 194,743 8,256 305,339 I 1859.., 31 46 33.35 89,878 9,337 198,564 8,535 306,314 I 1860. 30 45 32.95 90,781 9,033 203,192 9,198 312,204 I 1861.,. 29 44 32.03 90,942 9,008 212,186 9,319 321,455 I i 29 43 31.18 88,796 9,331 216,591 8,352 323,070 I 28 42 30.11 86,671 8,701 221,397 8,358 325,127 I 1864 28 42 28.45 80,551 8,501 223,931 8,578 321,561 I i865 27 41 '26.90 77,892 8,131 233,633 6,439 326,078 I ,866 .,v 26 39 25.50 70,242 7,744 228,074 6,018 312,750 I 1867' 24 37 23.50 60,188 6,997 218,846 6.719 292,756 I 186 186 7 8 24 37 22.40 60,724 7,162 235,191 6,711 309,788 I 1869 Il. 24 37 « « « » » » t i87o. 27 40 » « ° t 1872. 223l 35 21.49 56,116 6,905 230,245 10,544 303,810 I 1873. 2~ 33 20.09 51,620 6,022 229,336 9,526 296,504 I 1874. TABLEAU I. — Nouveaux mariés illettrés. — Degré d'instruction des conscrits depuis la classe 1832 (1). (Suite et fin.) , ..----u-~J ANNÉES FPOTTY JEUNES GENS MAINTENUS SUR LES TABLEAUX DE RECENSEMENT. \|j ANNEES > BACHELIERS II des BACHELIERS MARIAGES. ILLETTRÉS (2) ILLET" NE SACHANT SACRANT SAGRAtiT ATANT ATAHT ès lettre., obtenu bacheliers DONT p. o/o.. ,. une le ès sciences, ClaiM TRBS ID 111'8 r lire imtrncúon brevet bacheliers on n. pu I\|I\| asu.. Ire rim.ire de de TOTAL. de. p. 0/0. ni et P l'ecsei. l'enseigna vérifier I ————~ Epoux. ÉpmM. (S) ecnre. développée. primaire. secondire comcrits., poux. Épouses. plu. gnement ment l'in lr ————m -spécial. Il 1872 23 35 21-49 56-116 6,905 52,350 176,388 1^507 10.544 303810 III 1875 20 31 18.03 43,509 5.302 37,784 181,774 3,342 9,135 279846 I 1880. 16 25 16.85 42,473 7.567 60,974 180,111 1,967 3,695 10,046 306.833 'S' 15 23 16.12 40,721 7,511 66,772 178,069 2,305 3,794 10,517 309,689 1 îfJ: 39,685 7,048 65,125 184,183 2,829 4,184 9,870 312,924 II i883 là A 22 14.77 37,437 7,641 62,476 190,175 2,587 4,391 9,244 313,951 1884. 14 22 14.17 34,932 7,501 64,513 185,560 2,857 3,978 9,756 309,097 I 1885. 13 20 13.82 33,479 7,677 66,158 182,996 3,128 4,168 9,248 306,854 I 188 6 12 19 12.92 31,856 7,846 67,405 192,160 3,288 4,635 8,900 316,090 I 88 .«88 il il 12.43 30'201 7,034 67,695 187,252 3,149 4,646 8,208 308,245 I 1888. 10 16 11.81 27,!J-Ol 6,595 63,727 182.555 3,026 4,767 7,636 295,707 f i 1 88q l Q !5 10.9026,051 6,638 60,879 197,245 3,908 5,310 10,244 310,275 I 9 8 14 9.87 22,684 5,881 54,591 196,866 4,196 5,313 10,716 300,247 1891 8 13 9-42 19,547 5,690 48,711 185,481 3,668 4,748 9,580 277,425 I ■■a9 12 13. 55 22,116 6,214 55,624 236,894 4,630 6,048 12,125 343,651 I .«L"" 7 Il 7.87 18,957 6,122 49,871 233,359 4,127 6,303 11,399 330,138 I ! î? Jn 7.4.6 18,659 5,669 51,278 239,328 4,641 6,392 11,142 337,109 I l8® 6 10 6,86 17,177 4,721 44,436 241,860 4,652 6,533 11,989 331,368 III i8ofi 9 6"64 16,672 5,035 45,649 247,404 5,006 6,590 11,971 338,327 1897. 5 8 6.46 16,154 4,477 38,206 249,302 4,563 6,677 11,800 331,179 I 1898. 5 9 6.13 15,018 (1,147 37,298 245,137 4,717 6,377 11,844 324,538 I lR ® 5 7 6.25 14,707 4,783 37,098 244.059 4,799 6,469 12,419. 324,334 I 9 5 6 5,57 12,895 3,744 35,188 235,364 4,844 6,443 10,854 309,332 I 1901 4 6 5.63 13,696 3,910 33,075 249,969 5,264 6,770 12,329 325,013 1 1902 4 6 5.14 12,444 3,603 33,534 250,859 4,915 6,611 12,287 324,253 I ®9 Jl : H.749 3,280 29,021 253,654 4,935 6,286 12,318 321,243 I 1904 5o3,489 28,999 253,5 [S 51010 6,140 l~,129 321,929 3 4 4.59 10,644 3,489 28,999 253,518 5,010 6,140 14.129 321,929 I Ig05 ::. t ? El",[lX dlottru danl 77 départemeJlts; conscrits du territoire où les conseill de revi.ion ont pu fonctionner. I (c) go départements depuis 1921. )j Voir les antres notes à la page précédente, changement de méthode à partir de 1924 (note i). I TABLEAU II. — Écoles maternelles. — A. Nombre des écoles et personnel dirigeant. (Algérie comprise de 1887-1888 à 1912-1913.) ÉCOLES PERSONNEL DIRIGEANT. DIRECTRICES ET SOUS-DIRECTRICES ANNÉES COIIGIIÉCOHGRÉLAÏQCIS GANttTtt LAÏQUES GAHISTKS SCOLAIRES. '* ^— TOTAL. i i — '■ —" TOT. pné puLP«>, pn Miques. priTMs. bliqnc. pnTooea. bliqne. pnvees. hliqnes. PNVCC8 1875-1876. 564 258 2,209 1,009 4,040 » , 1876-1877. 581 257 2,204 1,105 4,147 765 411 3,336 1,711 6,22 1878-1879. 741 263 2,198 1,244 4,446 (2,143) (4,775) 0,918 1879-1880. 812 275 2,219 1,349 4,655 ( 1,691 ) (5,498) 7,189 (5.498) 7,189 1880-1881. 1,000 259 2,136 1,475 4,870 (1,992) (5,459) 7,451 1881-1882. 1,189 254 1,972 1,637 5,052 2,020 342 2,977 2,250 7,571 2.250 7,571 1882-1883. 1,442 250 1,903 1,785 5,380 2,496 329 2,863 2,398 8,086 1883-1884. 1,631 241 1,837 1,908 5,617 2,867 316 2,758 2,515 8,456 1884-1885. 1,759 233 1,744 1,995 5,731 3,118 306 2,589 -i,589 8,602 1885-1886. 1,855 240 1,711 2,079 5,885 3,306 318 2,542 2,696 8,862 1886-1887. 1,857 246 1,590 2,189 5,882 3,368 327 2,349 2,809 8,853 1887-1888. 1,553 243 1,326 2,091 5,213 3348 316 1,839 3,046 8,549 1888-188 9 1,645 245 1,010 2,412 5,312 '.484 323 1,616 3,149 8,572 1889-1890. 5,156 3,583 311 1,520 3,177 8,591 1890-1891. ». 5,187 3,696 279 1,457 3,254 8,686 1891-1892. 1,750 227 853 2,581 5,411 3,777 296 1,363 3,317 8,753 1892-1893. 1,789 214 805 2,668 5,476 3,936 279 1,279 3,456 8,950 1893-1894. 1,833 217 775 2,736 5,561 4,085 284 1,216 3,522 9,107 1894-1895. 1,868 213 733 2,794 5,608 4,163 279 1,160 3,597 9,199 1895-1896. 1,887 204 702 2,853 5,646 4,252 265 1,105 3,678 9,300 1896-189 7 1,923 205 651 2,904 5,683 4,382 271 1,010 3,751 9,414 1897-1898. 1,940 199 609 2,985 5,739 4,476 264 943 3,861 9,544 1898-1899. 2,000 186 564 3,053 5,803 4,593 260 900 3,928 9,681 1899-1900. 2,073 176 507 3,140 5,896 4,792 245 777 4,017 9,831 1900-190 1 2,136 170 444 3,249 5,999 4,993 237 673 4,174 10,077 19°1-1902. 2,199 171 395 3,242 6,007 5,160 243 591 4,178 10,172 1909-1903. 2,358 462 213 2,248 5,281 5,537 611 301 2,996 9,445 1903-1904. 2,448 908 127 1,147 4,630 5,858 1,178 185 1,617 8,838 1904-190 5 2,505 1,058 69 083 4,315 6,130 1,359 100 992 8,581 1905-190 6 2,523 1,124 40 541 4,221» 6,253 1,456 57 812 8,578 1906-190 7 2,588 1,131 25 367 4,111 0,463 1,477 35 576 8,551 1907-1908. 2,598 1,155 18 220 3,991 6,567 1,494 26 362 8,449 1908-1909. 2,648 1,169 12 157 3,986 6,722 1,510 19 258 8,539 1909-1910. 2,672 1,174 11 129 3.9S6 6,816 1,540 17 229 8.602 1910-1911. 2,691 1,156 10 110 3,967 6,859 1,537 16 203 8,615 1911-1911. 1929-1930. 3,140 545 » „ 3^691 .nu • 1930-1931. 3,170 503 3,673 » « 1931-1932. 3,223 476 , 3,699 „ , 1932-1933. 3,269 471 3740 „ 1933-1934. 3,332 476 3808 1934-ig3o. 3,362 466 , "3'828 1935-1936. 3,364 453 3,817 » 1936-193 7 3 381 395 « „ 3776 » « « » 1 1937-1938. 3,419 406 „ „ 3825 1 Voir les notes page a5. RenMia't'ctu.-ute communiqués par le Ministère de l'Instruction publique. TABLEAU II. — Ecoles maternelles. (Suite et fin.) — B. Enfants admis (en milliers). (Algérie comprise de 1887-1888 à 1912-1913.) ENFANTS (DE 2 À 6 ANS) ADMIS DANS LES ÉCOLES ANNÉES LAÏQUES M COWGRÉGAltI»TE& (4) * RÉCAPITULATION. publiques. privées. publiques. privées. * 1 ™ — * SCOLAIRES. TOTAL. Qap. Filles. TOTAL. Garçons. Filles. Garçons. Filles. TOTAL. Garçons. Filles. TOTAL. Garçons. Filles. çons 1875-1876 44 38 8 7 96 157 162 40 48 41 249 254 503 1879-1880. 67 61 9 8 146 166 173 56 65 460 299 307 606 1880-1881. 83 75 9 7 174 153 161 62 72 447 306 315 621 1881-1882. 100 89 8 7 204 142 150 68 81 440 317 327 644 1882-88 3 117 105 8 6 236 135 141 77 91 443 336 343 679 1883-1884. 126 113 8 6 253 126 132, 84 99 440 344 349 694 i884-i885. 140 124 7 5 277 121 126 90 105 442 357 362 719 1885-1886. 147 132 7 6 292 119 125 92 108 443 366 370 736 1886-i887i 155 139 7 6 306 110 116 97 113 436 369 373 741 1887-1888. 149 132 6 5 293 88 91 100 116 395 343 345 688 1888-188 9 161 145 7 6 318 78 81 106 12fJ. 389 352 355 708 i88g-i8go publiques J ( 462 ) garçons et filles 707 i8gi -1892 173 154 ( 465 ) > garçons et filles privées garfons 11216 4 436 366 370 773196 i8go-i8gi. Î45 ) } earçons et filles 710 1891-1892. 173 lM 7 6 339 64 65 109 129 367 353 354 707 18,92-1893. 175 157 5 4 342 59 61 113 134 367 353 356 709 1893-1894. 179 160 5 4 348 56 58 115 137 366 356 359 714 1894-1 89a.,. 182 162 5 4 353 52 55 1I6 138 362 355 359 715 1895-1896. 184 164 5 4 357 50 52 1I9 141 363 358 362 720 1896-1897. 190 169 5 5 369 46 47 123 145 360 364 366 730 1897-1898. 196 176 5 4 381 44 M 126 148 363 372 373 744 1898-1899. 202 182 4 4 392 39 40 130 151 360 376 376 752 1859-1900. 204 184 4 4 396 35 35 130 151 351 373 374 747 1900-190 1 210 190 4 3 407 30 31 132 154 347 376 378 754 1901-1902. 216 196 4 3 419 27 27 130" 151" 335 377 377 754L 1902-190 3 237 217 14 15 484 13 14 90 105 222 355 351 706 1903-1904. 253 237 30 32 552 8 9 51 60 128 342 338 680 1904-1905. 264 248 36 39 587 5 5 311 41 84 339 332 671 1905-1906. Renseignements communiqués par le Ministère de l'instruction publique. TABLEAU III. Écoles primaires élémentaires et supérieures, écoles mixtes comprises, A. Nombre d'écoles et maîtres. (Algérie comprise de 1887-1888 à 1912-1913. — Voir page 25* les principales lois scolaires.) ÉCOLES MAITRES ( adjoints compris ) t1) -----.COÎÏGREGAlaïques cokgrbuanistes LAÏQUES publics publies ANNÉES bistes et privés. et privés. TOTAL. ------------TOTAL. pupripuprîInstitnInstituInstituInstitubliques. vées. bliques vées. teurs. trices. teurs. trices. 1850. 37,379 12,888 6,464 3,848 60,579 » 1865. 41,959 9,847 11,391 6,502 69,099 U H 1875. 45,726 5,996 13,649 '6,319 71,690 1879-1880. 48,633 5,167 13,736 6,228 73,764 45,153 25,563 10,029 39,125 113,870 1880-1881. 49,754 4,874 13,135 6,678 74,441 46,468 26,911 9,942 39,439 122,700 1881-188 3 51,732 4,478 11,265 8,160 75,635 48,734 29,008 9,403 37,820 124,965 1883-1883 53,694 4,222 10,816 8,570 77,302 51,230 31,293 9,394 37,740 129,657 1883-i88 4 55,148 4,078 10,448 8,782 78,456 52,362 33,145 9,292 37,781 132,580 1884-i885. 56,223 4,014 9,900 9,008 79,145 53,114 34,217 9,044 37,525 133,900 1885-1886. 56,874 3,991 9,626 9,264 79,755 53,749 34,919 9,047 37,501 135,216 1 8 8 6 -1 8 1887-188 88 7. 57,611 3,936 9,097 9,565 80,209 54,106 36,201 9,046 37,462 136,815 1887-1888. 58,801 3,894 8,596 10,075 81,366 55,531 38,465 9,100 37,967 141,063 1888-1889. 59,329 3,711 8,011 10,620 81,671 55,931 39,251 9,250 38,228 142,660 1889-1890. 59,593 3,635 7,766 10,863 81,857 56,091 89,801 9,221 38,146 143,259 îSgo-iSgit1). 59,907 3,512 7,411 11,160 81,990 56,504 40,840 9,259 39,644 146,247 1 8 91-1 8 1893-1893 93. 60,554 3,446 6,708 11,825 82,533 56,982' 41,632 9,381 38,679 146,674 1892-1893. 60,922 3,356 6,366 12,189 82,833 57,471 42,614 9,494 38,815 148,394 1893-1894. 61,305 3,200 6,124 12,442 83,071 57,511 43,299 9,560 38,901 149,271 1894-1895. 61,609 3,057 5,861 12,715 83,242 57,609 44,618 9,656 39,030 150,913 1895-1896. 61,907 2,940 5,649 12,969 83,465 57,556 45,378 9,647 38,982 151,563 1896-1897. 62,192 2,850 5,387 13,325 83,754 57,651 45,885 9,688 39,053 152,277 1897-1898. 62,430 2,808 5,177 13,500 83,915 57,906 46,443 9,794 39,362 153,505 1898-189 9 62,893 2,761 4,772 13,873 84299 58,267 47,795 9,876 39,482 155,420 1899-1900. 63,298 2,654 4,410 14,223 84,585 58,077 49,106 9,969 39,473 156,625 1900-1901. 63.806 2,592 3,955 14,623 84,726 57,847 50,089 10,048 39,542 157,517 1901-1903. 64,288 2,568 3,559 14,817 85,232 57,959 51,393 10,182 39,569 159,073 19011903. 65,964 5,210 2,008 10,306 83,488 59,148 59,263 8,368 29,403 150.184 1903-1904. 66,915 8,928 1,196 5,191 82,230 61,550 68,578 5,598 17,500 153,226 1904-1905. 67,499 10,697 794 2,815 81,805 63,833 74,769 2,742 10,366 151,710 1905-1906. 67,845 11,240 600 2,252 81,937 64,188 77,995 1,896 8,171 152,250 1906-1907. 68,128 11.583 452 1,490 81,653 64,890 80,248 1,155 5,621 151,914 1907-1908. 68,450 11,869 312 1,011 81,642 65,948 82,700 650 3,747 153,045 1908-1909. 68,716 12,128 224 779 81,847 66,300 85,069 516 2,701 154,586 1909-1910. 68,948 12,'439 172 652 82,211 66,199 86,679 398 2,272 155,548 1910-1911. 69,193 12,676 119 500 82,488 65,900 89,026 312 1,743 156,981 1911-1912.
CODEP-MRS-2019-030154.txt_1	French Open Data	Various open data	REPUBLIQUE FRANÇAISE Décision no CODEP-MRS-2019-030154 du Président de l’Autorité de sûreté nucléaire du 8 juillet 2019 autorisant le CEA à modifier de manière notable les modalités d’exploitation autorisées de MASURCA (INB no 39) Le Président de l’Autorité de sûreté nucléaire, Vu le code de l’environnement, notamment ses articles R. 593-55 à R. 593-58 ; Vu le décret du 14 décembre 1966 autorisant la création par le Commissariat à l’énergie atomique d’une installation pour maquettes critiques à neutrons rapides au centre d’études nucléaires de Cadarache (dénommé MASURCA) ; Vu l’arrêté du 7 février 2012 modifié fixant les règles générales relatives aux installations nucléaires de base ; Vu la décision no 2017-DC-0616 de l’Autorité de sûreté nucléaire du 30 novembre 2017 relative aux modifications notables des installations nucléaires de base ; Vu le courrier de l’ASN CODEP-MRS-2018-018023 du 13 avril 2018 ; Vu la demande d’autorisation de modification notable transmise par courrier CEA/DEN/CAD/DIR/CSN DO 175 du 29 mars 2018 ; ensemble les éléments complémentaires apportés par courrier CEA/DEN/CAD/DIR/CSN DO 134 du 4 mars 2019, Décide : Article 1er Le CEA, ci-après dénommé « l’exploitant », est autorisé à modifier les modalités d’exploitation autorisées de l’installation nucléaire de base no39 dans les conditions prévues par sa demande du 29 mars 2018. Article 2 La présente décision peut être déférée devant le Conseil d’État par l’exploitant, dans un délai de deux mois à compter de sa date de notification. 3/4 Article 3 Le directeur général de l’Autorité de sûreté nucléaire est chargé de l’exécution de la présente décision, qui sera notifiée à l’exploitant et publiée au Bulletin officiel de l’Autorité de sûreté nucléaire. Fait à Marseille, le 8 juillet 2019. Pour le Président de l’Autorité de sûreté nucléaire et par délégation, La déléguée territoriale de la division de Marseille Signé par Corinne TOURASSE 4/4.
sn84025841_1925-08-08_1_4_1	US-PD-Newspapers	Public Domain	THE WAR in Morocco is causing much interest and uneasiness throughout the civilized world. This country is in Northern Africa and the Arabian tribes there have put up a remarkable fight, often likened to the one waged by the Indians in this country, with no exception: these people are civilized and wealthy; being of no madic origin, they demand freedom and the right to be independent. The peculiar situation is made all the more peculiar as a result of the World War. France drafted many of these fighters into her armies and they became skilled in the methods of modern warfare. In order to control these people, the European nations recognized the Sultans, who are mere puppets of Spain and France and who can be depended upon to do the bidding of these Gantries. Of course, these European nations exploit these countries on account of their wealth of grain, live stock and minerals. France does not claim sovereignty over the country as a matter of actual ownership, but with the consent of the other European Powers, there exists what is known as mandates and the rights of a particular nation are recognized in certain countries in Africa. It is against these mandates that the natives are rebelling. As a matter of fact, the Sultan of Morocco is the one who is technically at war with his subjects, when in reality, these Russians or Moroccans are actually at war with France and Spain. The Riffians constitute an aggregation of African tribes, who have never bowed the knee to Baal who do not recognize the mandates of these European powers. Under the leadership of Abd-el-Krim, who is the logical successor of Raisula, who has been dubbed by the European powers, the bandit, the Spaniards have been driven out of the Riffian territory. Not content with that, today boldly contended against the right of France to intervene in the premises. Now France is just out of a most expensive and devastating war. Her war customs are empty and her inhabitants are crying for peace, not war. All kinds of offers have been made to the Riffian leader, who pays some attention to them, but who insists upon his right to have an African Republic not dominated by European powers. The Riffians cannot hope to whip France and Spain, but they can continue the war for a period of years that would cost a staggering expense to both countries and plunge them into bankruptcy. In the Magazine Section of the New York Times of July 26th, 192. Clarence L. Streit writes interestingly from Fez Morocco, and tells of the section of Africa, where the rifle defense, which is one of the most deadly artillery weapons any has ever produced, in his connection he says: "Then seems to be an impression abroad that the French in Morocco are fighting some embattled native farmers, armed." With pitchforks and sycophants, and maybe a muzzle-loading musket here and there. The wonder naturally is that the French, with all their ultra-modern paraphernalia of airplanes and tanks, are taking so long to trounce them. This is no: the impression of the Riffian war which one gets at the front. Not precisely. There one begins to question whether our much-tented scientific military engines are of decisive value, after all, in a bare terrain, against men who are soldiers — each to the rifle and dugout born — and, right from scattered hiding places, somewhat as the red Indian did. Land between the French and Spanish protectors had been unoccupied by both powers, owing to different interpretations of the Treaty of 1912, until last Fall, when the French found that Abd-el-Krim had replaced the Spanish as their de facto neighbors on the north. Then they moved across the Ouergha, subdued without difficulty the tribes just worth of it and, keeping well within what they considered the boundaries of their protectorate, established a line of small fortresses and blockhouses to protect their claims. This explains the situation. He continues: "In those first few days of the war, Abd-el-Krim came within an ace of taking Fez, the religious capital of Morocco. The French now admit that he could have done this if he had not given them time to bring up reserves by delaying to besiege their outposts, instead of passing between them with his main forces, as he could easily have done. By the quick action of General de Chambrun and the heroism of the few men garrisoning the advance posts, the Filipino invader was checked at the line of forts. He was not dislodged. The war merely settled down in earnest, with Abd-el-Krim keeping the often vivacious and making all the territorial gains. Thus, whatever had been the previous attitude of the French, it is certain that they were expecting trouble when they crossed the Oerghu. What they did not expect was the kind and the amount of trouble that they got—and still are the ties they underestimated the power of Abd-el-Krim. They don't anymore. They have paid deadly in men and material, prestige and territory, to appreciate the difficulties which the Spaniards have had. The trouble now is that they feel no one else—save the Spaniards—understands the situation which they themselves are in. And again: "On paper it does seem that the superiority of the French should be..." Crushing. They have at their disposal all the formidable arms that civilization has developed. The Russians rely almost wholly on the rifle, except for a few captured cannon. We have come to think that modern war has made the rifle obsolete. The chief chief is chiefly useful as a stock for the bayonet. The Moroccan war does not confirm that view. There the issue, on this point is clean cut. The French have every modern weapon, but they are past masters in the use of them. They have been carrying on what might be called "machin" war in which equipment counts for much and the individual infantryman for little. Like most European nations, they have tended to neglect sharp shooting, rifle warfare. The Russians have hardly anything but infantry. With them the individual soldier counts for nearly everything. Each one is bred for fighting. They are of Berber stock. They have never stayed conquered for any length of time. Their country is poor; they have lived by war and they have never been so prosperous as they have since they started fighting Spain and France. From childhood they are taught to shoot, to look upon the rifle as their dearest possession. They do not have to be threatened with inspections and punishment to keep their rifles clean. They began with muskets. With them they captured from the Spaniards more than enough modern masters to go around, and to arm all the other tribes in the Spanish and the French zones which they have brought under their domination. With them they have captured hundreds of machine guns. They have discarded the musket for the Mauser. But not the Mauser for the machine gun. They use it yet little. They say it wastes too many bullets. That is the kind of rifl’emen they are. This is very interesting reading. But it will be more so as one peruses the detailed, undisputed information given by this fair-minded European on the situation in this far-away African country. But enough for this week. We shall pursue the subject further in our next issue. O-DRIVE TAXI CO. 403 N. First St., Richmond, Va. RENT A CAR! DRIVE IT YOURSELF! TOURING Cars, 10c. per mile. SEDANS, 12c. per mile. Phone Randolph 1843. You know the embarrassment incident to borrowing other people's cars and the annoyance in asking favors of those who own cars. When you rent a car and drive it yourself, the upkeep charges, which usually are much more than the purchase or cost price of a car, cease. The U.S. Drive Tax Company shoulders the expense. You'll save money by the process. The rates quoted are close to the actual cost of a car should you own one yourself. First Street Auto Supply is the place to serve you for automobile accessories, gas and oil. If you do not own a car, here's your opportunity. If you do own a car, here is the place to secure supplies for it. Polite attention. Supplies furnished at the most reasonable prices. Phone Randolph 1843. U-DRIVE TAXI COMPANY, 403 North First Street. FIRST STREET AUTO SUPPLY, 403 North First Street. DO YOU KNOW HER? I desire to know the whereabouts of my son, whose name was Jennie Mary Seward. I recently heard that she was seen in that vicinity two years ago by one, who knew her well and that she is now married. Her mother's name is Alice Seward and her address is Freeman, Va. Any information concerning her will be gladly received by JOHN J. SEWARD, 646 Race Street, Beloit, Wisconsin. DO YOU KNOW HIM? I desire to know the whereabouts of Fred Johnson, a resident of Richmond, Va. In 1897 he lived on one of the Florida Keys and was burned while working in one of the coal mines. Valuable information for him, if living, or his heirs, if dead, is now available. Write at once to The Planet Office, 311 N. Fourth St., Richmond, Va. This is the only label that I will allow anyone to hang onto me. I have been cabled Socialist, Bolshevik, Infidel, Agnostic, Damn Pool, and a host of other things uttered with a hiss and emphasized by the beating of tables, the pounding of Bibles; and with an acridity that really makes the victim rejoice and be exceeding glad that he is alive, determined in bondage to no Man, group or powers and wanting nothing but what he can earn by honest productive labor. Seeking neither political social nor economic favor or preferment the writer of this column cannot be scared or intimidated. There is but one free man, and that is the man whose mind is free. He is only free who has the courage to think he owns thoughts, who or entates his life as his thinking and his conscience dictates and who willingly to forego some of the material things of life in order that his conscience might be satisfied. Any Negro—living in those linked States—if he speaks the truth, if he thinks just for an instant, will and must he a radical. For what is the radical and what has he always been? The radical is now and always has been the individual who, in the language of Thomas Huxley, was “Willing to go down before fact as a little child and follow fact, wherever it might load, to whatever abuses”. “You must do this”, says Huxley, “or you will tear nothing.” Huxley, in these words, gave the meaning of the radical. He is the individual who is satisfied with nothing less than the whole truth—the facts. The radical, not accepting bunk, ignorance, superstition, no intellectual swill and swash no matter from what source it comes, no matter how high or powerful the authority. The radical, no reason why he should accept in toto this word of Judge, Garvin because he is a “big man”, the word of Mr. Coolidge because he is President, the opinion of Dr. Fosdick because he is a great preacher, the opinions of all men, conservative, liberal, reactionary, and radical must stand the test of the ordeal by actual fire. There are few whites and—unfortunate. Truly—proportionately fewer Negroes who care for this sort of or deal. This is what makes one’s heart sick: to hear some black man—with the help of that whole world on his throat—gasping out the word “Radical” with all the fervor of a Romanoff, a Georgia cracker camp meeting preacher or a West Virginia coal operator. The Negro does this sort of thing because he is still a slave. His body is fuse but his maul is in the tail of a mass of bunk and tommyrot shot at him by whites and blacks who profit financially therefrom. This white bunk keeps the mass of Negroes, ignorant cowards, and inefficient paupers. He gets it on Sunday from ninety percent of his ministers; he gets it on Monday from ninety-nine percent of his white employers; he gets it round election time from ninety-nine and one half percent of the white and black political beggars and stool pigeons who come, often for the first time, into his neighborhood to tell him that the G.O.P. is his rock and his salvation. He gets it most any time from the horde of leeches, unifers, race leaders, pulpit orators that are willing to hand out advice on race progress at fifty cents per head or salvation at ten dollars per rally. COLORFUL NEWS "MOVIES" By "THE CAMERAMAN." HOWARD FACES THE QUESTION. 2—ILLUSTROUS MEN DR. WILLIAM A. WARFIELD. 3—THE MISSING LINK. 4—EXTRA PAPER. 5—NOTES OF THE NOTABLES. (Preston News Service) HOWARD FACES THE QUESTION. The storm on Howard hilltop had merely subsided, and angry looking clouds are apparently proclaiming the coming of a judgment day which may be the Omega of a University founded for Negro youth, supported by the people, and disrupted by minors and majors, who see the mote in Howard’s eye so plainly that they have forgotten the beam which adorns their own eyes. All in all, the Howard picture resembles a prototype of sleight of hand, which has developed into high-powered sleight of mind. Last Friday night, in a meeting which was “pepped up by courtesy of varied declensions, the general alumni association of Howard University is said to have resolved upon a modus operandi which shall terminate in the dismissal of Howard’s president, a white ecclesiastic of excellent training and splendid pulpit address, but probably ill fitted to head up a great educational institution such as Howard has been and seeks to be. It is said that picketing was prescribed by the angry alumni and that another strike may be inaugurated as a prelude to the fall term when Negro youth are about to come to Howard University for educational purposes. Press reports have it that one orator, a gentleman from Alabama (where Negroes do not vote—neither do they go to class A colleges) has taken up the “Howard collegiate situation with southern senators" (who, as we all know, believe that a pick, shovel or hoe, rather than a pen, chisel or scapel, are the proper tools for a Negro to work with) with the idea of relief. Now we do not know the merits of the Howard cases; nor can we Say yes or nay concerning the Howard administration. Too. Whether or not good faith follows in the wake of administration challengers in a question mark with us. But we are, for the sake of our boy and girl, and the sakes of other boys and girls of the Race, who look upon Howard as a heaven of education—not a prize fighting ring—deeply interested in what takes place on the hilltop. We are interested in methods not men; in construction, not destruction; in peace not strife; and in the public welfare, not the whims of a few. We beg to repeat, in solemn style, what we have sounded before, (i) Howard University is an institution of quasi-public welfare. (2) Howard University is supported by the taxpayers of America. The safeguarding of those two units is the first duty of every individual or organization, from the University president to the most humble alumnus or student at Howard, who has honest-to-goodness virtue in his heart. Whoever, from President Durkee on down, becomes selfish enough to place above those pinnacles of Negro educational fervor a method or a practice which is conflicting with those two items, takes upon himself a responsibility nearly as great as that of Pontius Pilate, and one from which, as the long years to come roll by, he will never be able to wash his hands. ILLUSTRIOUS MEN— DR. WILLIAM A. WARFIELD. When Freedmen’s Hospital was occupying poorly equipped frame buildings, some twenty years ago, near Sixth and Bryant Streets X. W. Washington, D.C., we marveled at the temerity of the quiet young physician who accepted the call of the Government to become Surgeon-in-Chief of one of the Race’s youngest institutions of healing. In those days, the Negro medical profession was in its early childhood and hospital staffs made up of race men and women were as rare as a day cold day in June. White administrative officers were doubtful of the abilities of the Negro medical art, and the only lever which was prying Negro hospital efficacies up into their own aim and right was the desire of white staffs to separate themselves as much as possible from close contact with Negro parents. Dr. Warfield accepted his new post with modesty and with a deep love for service. He laid his own practice upon the altar of sacrifice and began the slower task of beginning to build the present Freedmen’s Hospital, one of the mightiest institutions of its kind in these United States. Beginning with a mixed staff of physicians and a meager corps of colored nurses, Dr. Warfield has been able, little by little to advance race doctors to outstanding places of the Freedmen’s staff. A skilled surgeon himself, Warfield blazed the trail himself by amazing work in abdominal surgery, proving to the medical world by his own prowess that all Negro physicians needed was the training and the opportunity. Through efficient demonstration and administrative directorate, Dr. Warfield has advanced the Freedmen’s institution to a conspicuous place in the hospital world. The splendid building, equipment, and staff, now headed up by him, with its modern processes, is as outstanding example of an efficiency and ability, coupled with diplomacy, self-sacrifice, and service as the country has ever witnessed. A modern training school for nurses, graduating yearly women of integrity, skilled in the curative art; a medical mecca (of young Negro physicians who, after graduation, need intensive scientific training to carry back to their communities; and a clean, wholesome institution where the sick and afflicted may intern themselves for treatment amid ideal circumstances—these are the accomplishments of Dr. William A. Warfield, Surgeon-in-Chief of Freedmen’s Hospital, Washington D.C., who has endeared himself in the hearts of thousands of people white and colored in and out of this country. The missing link. Next to high finance, “The Missing Link” seems to be the most absorbing topic of the great white world of today. Trying to mold the missing link into a reality, barring evolution theories, and interpreting the works and intentions of the Maker are forming the 24-hour work day for a galaxy of ambitious whites who are, however, fearful lest at some time it be further reaffirmed that man is but clay, and like a meerschaum pipe is more highly valued when colored. Coming back to the missing link, however, a host of explorers, are now en route to Africa where African psychology and physiognomy will be zealously used. Considered one of the mental expeditions to the dark continent, while another expert Dr. Alonzo Pond acting as Befoit College’s representative heads another expedition which will go to Algeria, Africa and there try to find the missing link. What disturbs our tranquility however, is the question: Is it the hope that the scientists will find the missing link down in the Sahara belt and thereupon promulgate the theory that Negroes having come from Africa are direct descendants of the missing link, and hence are not humans? (Since many of them are not treated as humans). If this were to come to pass, science would next be confronted with the task of finding out what percent of Negro blood in America is human and contra, and how much efficacy had been lost from Anglo-Saxon blood through miscegenation. Why the missing link should be sought in Africa any more than in England or Russia, for that matter, we cannot, religiously or otherwise divine. And in the meantime, it is reported that an injured Negro bled to death because two white ambulance attendants, upon reaching the scene, refused to give him aid or to carry him to a place where he might have received aid. Now that wasn’t very hit, was it? All of which reminds us that last night while cooling from the Washington heat down on the historic Potomac River, a craft hove into distant view. The sound of banjos and weird voices resounded from the cabin. Stamping feet were heard patting time. In the dismal darkness we heard utterances and sounds not unlike those of which we’ve read, recorded from the uncivilized world centuries ago. The craft came nearer, and a light dimly revealed the faces of the cabin inmates. Now, it wasn't down on the Nile, though the resemblance was close; no, there were no barbaric uncivilized folks on board the craft, though the actions bore close resemblance; no, it wasn’t the year 444; it was 1925 and they were white joy seekers cruising the tranquil Potomac—And we wondered how many evolutions there are to civilization, and if the missing link might not be found here as quickly as in Africa. EXTRA PAPER. Tell the world that Washington, D.C., boasts of the “Oldest colored daily in the United States", and that it’s still alive and going strong. When “The Washington Daily American” made its initial appearance on the streets and newsstands of the city, although we were hopeful of its success, we were afraid that it could not stand the day in and day out strain required of a twenty-four hour paper. We had absolute confidence in its staff, headed by David E. Taylor and Eugene L. C. Davidson, for we knew if it could be done they could do it; yet we were not any too optimistic over the chances of their journalistic infant, for we knew something of the elements which challenge the Negro press, both weekly and monthly. The sturdy little American has, however, taken its permanent place in the field of the Negro newspaper. It hasn't missed a single issue and it has given the public news when it was news. The editorials of the American, with many of which we agree, and with some of which we do not, have set a new standard of virile thought. Each one is very much alive, logically argumentative and faces the facts as Messrs. Taylor and Davidson see them. The paper has been wide awake to those vital matters of greatest concern of Negro life and there is no denying the fact that the American has rendered a useful service, unselfishly and in a public-spirited way. Most important of all, its editors have demonstrated the fact that a Negro daily is just as possible as a white daily. IT’S A REALITY. Their steadfastness is to be commended, and the ranks of Negro journalism should rejoice that two such stalwarts as they have, with their daily sheet, thrown unforeseen abilities and forces into a field of crying need. Long live the Washington Daily American. ON LAST MONDAY Hon. William C. Matthews of Boston breezed into Washington and breezed right out again— “Matty” made a shortstop. CHARLES T. MAGILL, Sporting Editor of the New York News and publicity man for the famous New York Monarch Band, is slightly indisposed. ALEXANDER KING, a New York official of the U. S. Post Office, has been promoted to the superintendency of the largest station in the city. “TO BE OR NOT TO BE, that is the question of J. B. Whitney, campaign manager for J. Dalmus Steele, candidate for the Grand Exalted Eldership of the I. B. P. O. E. WT *OH, I SEE by the ‘paypurs’ that Honest Dean Kelly Miller is about to assume the role of Publicity Man for the Howard University Propaganda Committee. Well, at least, Kelly’s had the experience. Wonder if J. Finley Wilson will bring bad any Flicks teeth from the State of Washington. Perhaps, though “Fin’’ went out west to get a rabbit’s foot. I ask for me, I AM A RADICAL.
3150290_1	Wikipedia	CC-By-SA	Анатолий Петрович Жуков () — советский футболист, нападающий. Мастер спорта. Карьера Начинал играть в 1953 году в клубной команде «Крылья Советов». В 1961—1962 годах играл в чемпионате СССР в классе «Б» за сызранский «Нефтяник». В 1963 году играл за дубль «Крыльев». С 1964 по 1968 год провел 164 игры в высшей лиге за основной состав «Крыльев Советов». В 1969—1970 годах сыграл в высшей лиге 17 матчей за донецкий «Шахтёр». В 1970 отыграл во второй лиге 26 матчей за клуб «Азовец» (Жданов). В 1971 году сыграл в высшей лиге 5 матчей за ташкентский «Пахтакор» и 35 игр за ждановский клуб во второй лиге. Закончил карьеру в 1972 году сезоном во второй лиге за балаковский «Корд». В 1980-х годах работал слесарем на авиационном заводе. Достижения Финал Кубка СССР 1964 Лучший бомбардир команды «Крылья Советов»: 1965 (вместе с Анатолием Казаковым), 1966 Выступал за юношескую, молодёжную и олимпийскую сборную СССР Примечания Футболисты СССР Игроки ФК «Тяжмаш» Игроки ФК «Крылья Советов» Игроки ФК «Шахтёр» Донецк Игроки ФК «Мариуполь» Игроки ФК «Пахтакор» Игроки ФК «Балаково».
atextbookalkalo00epstgoog_10	English-PD	Public Domain	Summary: In some cases condurango completely cures gastric cancer and other gastric maladies; in many more it causes a per- manent substantial improvement of all the chief symptoms, dys- pepsia, vomiting, cardialgia, cachexia and tumor, and prolongs life. In the rest it caused at least transient improvement and euphoria. Binz recommends in cancer or its suspicion, the steady use of condurango. The effect invariably is distinctly local. What other remedy affords as much benefit in cancer of the stomach ? Careful study of Riess' report fails to show any reason to doubt the correctness of his diagnoses, nor that some cases of gastric cancer were undoubtedly cured by the internal administration of condurango. But the eflFect was distinctly and invariably local ; and here we wish to make our chief point. Seemingly it has occurred to no one to use any of the bodies derived from condurango hypo- dermically, injected into the cancerous tissues. And yet it is evident- ly the step to be next taken ; and surely it is vvorth while ! 1 76 CONVALLAMARIN The effects of condurango in gastric ulcer are also notable ; hm^ there are other remedies for this malady, whereas in cancer we ar assuredly in need of more effective weapons than those now in us So also in other gastric maladies, there has not as yet been she any good reason for substituting condurango for the prcvailin treatment. Riess gave condurango in decoction, lo to 20 parts in 200, tablespoonful several times a day. Condurangin separates by heai and redissolves on cooling; so that the decoction should not filtered until cool. Merck lists condurangin, a mixture of the glucosides. It is aa amorphous yellow powder, of aromatic bitter taste, soluble in alco- hol, water and chloroform. Dose 0.0065 o 0.016 three times a day (gr. i-io — 1-2). We would recommend o.ooi (gr. 1-67) as the be- ginning dose hypodermically, rapidly increased to 0.005 ^^ more, in watery solution, injected into the substance of any cancerous tumor in reach. CONVALLAHABIir. Standard granule — Gr. 1-12. gm. .005. From the lily of the valley are derived two glucosides, conval- larin, a cathartic, and convallamarin, on which the heart tonic virtues of the plant depend. This principle closely resembles digitalein, being freely soluble in water. Physiologic Action. — Marme has made the following summary of the action of convallamarin upon the vascular pressure : 1. The normal arterial pressure is augmented, generally with slowing of the pulse. 2. This increased pressure continues while the pulse becomes faster than normal. 3. The pressure continues high while the pulse becomes ir- regular in frequency and in force. 4. The pressure falls swiftly, the heart is arrested, and the sub- ject dies. The action of convallamarin is especially directed to the heart aod is according to Boehm absolutely independent of vasoconstric- tion from excitation of the vasomotor nerves. Van Renterghem records the following observations made on his own person with Merck's convallamarin. The first day he took gr. 1-12 every half-hour till 20 doses had been taken. No effect was manifested except that by evening the CONVALLAMARIN HI pulse was more developed. Next day the dose was doubled. In tile afternoon, rattling in the stomach; in the evening two soft Stools, no abdominal pain — ^that day he had taken no saline in the oioming. The pulse was 82 in the morning, 80 at 10 p. m. During e night, one soft stool. Third day: Took gr. yyi, between 11 a. m. and 9 p. m. The pulse gained in energy but the rate was unaltered. Digestion was unaltered except for the increased peristalsis. I>uring the day there were five small stools, in the evening some abdoiixiinal pains ; during the night two more stools. Next morning "^ tcx^ a saline, as in spite of the laxation he felt some toxemic ^^"v-er. The pulse was more forcible than usual and the rate was up ^^ lie. Temp. 99.3, heart and temples beat strongly ; slept. Awak- ^"^^cl at I a. m. by a violent peal of the bell, he was obliged to go in 3 o^^^irriage a quarter of an hour, during a "time of ice," for a labori- ^^ CKXifinement ended by the forceps. The duty was performed ^^1^ difficulty; the traction fatigued beyond measure and caused "i^risea with difficulty restrained. The heart and arteries beat ^^^'^^^^igly and more frequently. By 7 a. m. the rapidity of the pulse ^^ lessened ; at 8 two good stools and sufficient urine, after saline. ^ ^ a. m. cafe au lait The pulse was perfectly calm and had fallen ^ ^^— No abdominal symptoms. [is conclusion was that doses of gr. 1-12 to 1-6 every hour do ^^^ lessen the pulse rate, but increase its force with the increase of -^^^^al pressure. Doses of gr. 1-3 to 2-3, repeated, produce the ^ ^S^^ning of paralysis of the pneumogastric nerve, as shown by ^" xish rapidity of the heart beats. No marked effect was noted on ^^ :K%nal functions. The drug evidently did not accumulate in the -^ ^ ^Shoemaker says that convallamarin sometimes causes hemop- ^^, dyspnea and other disagreeable symptoms. ^Eherapentios. — Convallamarin has been used in heart diseases, -^ ^^ially those of the mitral valve. When compensation fails it igthens the heart, increases the excretion of urine, and quickly dyspnea and palpitation. In angina pectoris and functional of the heart it has also proved beneficial. j.«^ .Janowski recommended it in renal and cardiac dropsies. In cir- ^ ''"^^tis of the liver it acts as a diuretic. In chronic nephritis it ^ ^^^gthens the circulation, relieves dyspnea, increases the urine, re- dropsy and lessens albuminuria (Shoemaker). We may whether its occasional good effect in asthma is due to a relaxa- 1V8 COPPER ARSENITE tion of arterial spasm. More likely it is in cardiac asthmas that con- vallaria finds a place. It is sometimes useful in neuralgias, insomnia, and to quiet the restlessness of fever. The palpitation and dyspnea of febrile phthisis are mitigated by it. See valued convallamarin above all other remedies, even digitalin, in cardiac dropsies. King gives as specific indications for it: Heart irregularities due to mechanfcal impediments; mitral insufficiency; dropsy of cardiac origin; palpitation and vehement heart action, with arrhythmic movements, dyspnea and diminished arterial pressure; quickened pulse with capillary obstruction. The place of convallamarin may be summed up by saying that it replaces digitalin in the whole line of its action and uses, but does not unsettle the stomach as the foxglove sometimes does, and acts on the bowels slightly. When of good quality it may be used as an alternant with digitalin. But we have found no evidence to show any further applications in therapeutics. COPPEB ABSENITE. Standard granules — Gr. 1-250, prm. .00025; gr. i-iooo, gm. .000062. This IS a well-known remedy for all acute derangements of the intestine. It has been recommended highly in "indigfestion" espe- cially when pain is experienced after eating. Its chief use, how- ever, is as an antidysenteric : Gr. i- 1000— or even a smaller dose — may be given every fifteen minutes for four to six doses and then the same quantity repeated every hour or two. The indications are all forms of acute diarrheas, cholera infantum especially yielding to this remedy if the bowel is first cleansed thoroughly. In this dis- ease the drug should be administered in small but often-repeated doses. Gr. i-ioo may be dissolved in twenty teaspoonfuls of wa- ter and a teaspoonful given every ten minutes for three or four doses and then every hour till relief. In a short time tenesmus and tympanites cease, the stools become less frequent and those which are passed are free from the typical odor which the early dejections present. In the more chronic diarrheas and dysentery, gr. 1-500 or even g^. i-ioo may be given every three hours till a marked im- provement is noticeable. The drug is also recommended as a remedy for dysmenorrhea and sometimes its administration is followed by marked improve^ CORNIN 119 zxient Gr. i-ioo may be given three times daily for three days to and during the early part of the menstrual period. COBNIN. Standard granule — Gr. 1-6, gm. .01. Comin is a concentration from the Comus florida, or dogwood. iger obtained irom this bark a bitter crystalline principle, comine ; s<4uble in water and alcohol. Fdter and Lloyd state that dogwood is tonic, astringent and slightly stimulant. It has been much used as a substitute for cjtiinine m ague, and in typhoid fevers. It increases the strength amd frequency of the pulse, and elevates the bodily temperature. It relieves quinine headaches, pyrosis and general exhaustion. Spedflo Indioations. — ^Tcmic antiperiodic, intermittent and mias- matic fevers ; pyrosis ; quinine headache ; general exhaustion ; feeble relaxed tissues; feeble pulse and subnormal temperature; quinism. Ellingwood advises comus for atony of the gastrointestinal glands in malaria, and to antidote the malarial poisc^i; increasing appetite, it improves digestion, relieves drowsiness and dullness fol- lowing imperfect digestion; also improves intestinal digestion. This meager account gives very little information as to this rem- edy, which we are convinced is worthy of extended investigation. For some years the writer has given comin for weakness of the erectile tissues, and believes it the best remedy for this condition yet mtroduced — far superior to yohimbine. The effect of comin is that of a tonic, slow to be manifested but enduring long. The dose for this purpose is a grain four times a day, and it should be cc^itinued a month at least. It is by no means a cure-all, for the condition may depend on any one or more of several pathologic elements, and each case requires study. With many men the restoration of power is fol- bwed by renewal of the excesses that first induced the exhaustion, and this obviously will not be, and should not be, cured by any treatment. But comin is a valuable agent in restoring erectile tissue when not entirely beyond the reach of remedies. This pcMnts to the probable value of comin in other forms of debility, and altogether this agent deserves study at the hands of thoae who do not consider the whole story of the tonics comprised t^y iron, strychnine, quinine and cod-liver oil. As a remedy for ague comus was employed largely in the South during the civil war, and gave satisfaction. But the crude prepara- 180 CORNUTINE tions alone to be had were brought into competition with the modem repfesentative of Peruvian bark, quinine, and obviously only de- cided superiority could overcome such a handicap. The crystalline comine should be isolated and tested fully by modern methods. COENUTINE. In 1884 Kobert discovered cornutine in ergot. It is an alkaloid, amorphous, little soluble in water, but the salts easily soluble. Kobert and Lewitzky attribute to cornutine the specific action of ergot on the uterus. By irritating the uterine center in the lumbar cord it evokes arrhythmic contractions of that organ. In non-preg- nant animals these contractions only occur in late stages of poison- ing by cornutine, but in pregnant animals the uterus is first afFected4 The pains are more violent the nearer the animal is to full term. Tetanoid contraction of the uterus was not observed, even after large doses. Toxic doses cause convulsions, by centric irritation. Small doses increase the reflex excitability of the cord, while large doses paralyze it. Very small doses slow the pulse by irritating the pneumogastric, and very large doses paralyze it. The blood-pressure is vastly in- creased. This is followed after large doses by paralysis of the vaso- motor center and a corresponding fall of the pressure. The striated muscles are also affected causing stiffness similar to that caused by veratrine. Lethal doses cause death by paralyzing the respiratory center. Both stomach and bowel contract powerfully under cornu- tine. Another body was discovered by Kobert in ergot, to which he gave the name of sphacelinic acid. This produces gangrene; and one of the advantages of employing cornutine is that this acid is thereby left out. Lewitzky says cornutine is the surest means of exciting uterine contractions, whether the organ is pregnant, or enlarged from chronic metritis, or after abortion. The indications are therefore the same as for ergot. Meisels used cornutine successfully for urethral and vesical hemorrhage in paretic spermatorrhea. The citrate is preferred. Dose, gr. 1-33 to 1-6. It is not well suited for hypodermic adminis- tration. Cornutine keeps better than other ergot derivatives, espe- cially when kept dry. The price is as yet too high for extensive use — 2L dollar' a grain is Merck's price. THERAPEUTIC NOTES THERAPEUTIC NOTES CORNUTINE 181 Until the cost is within reason the best preparation of ergot ac- cessible is Bonjean's ergotin, a watery extract. When prepared by the best makers this is fairly uniform and active. It has the very grreat advantage of being readily used h)rpodennically. Acute poisoning by ergot has been noted after attempts to secure a.t>ortion. The symptoms are collapse, weak, rapid pulse, tingling, Itching and coldness of the skin, unquenchable thirst, vomiting and clia.rrliea, confusion or unccmsciousness, uterine hemorrhages, abor- tion and jaundice. Subcutaneous and internal ecch3anose& were (Cushny). Chronic poiscxiing from the use of ergotic rye is still seen in ►ia. The symptoms fall into two groups, the gangrenous and the rtervous. The gangrene occurs in the fingers and toes, extending along the ^'^tir-c limb, which is cold, anesthetic, dusky, then dry, hard and shrixuken, falling off with slight pain and no hemorrhage. In mild -s only the skin is affected. Internal necrosis may occur, caus- oataract, ulcers of the bowel, stomach, lung or uterus. Abortion s ULncommon. In the neurotic form there are depression, weakness, drowsiness, '^ca.dache, giddiness and paresthesiae. Paroxysmal convulsions oc- ^^J", clonic, epileptiform, followed by contractures of the limbs, ^^^^^etimes of the trunk. Mental debility even io dementia may TTie accounts given of the action of ergot, therapeutic and toxic, ^t'e so contradictory that little value is to be attributed to them. It IS e^dent that the various preparations of this drug vary greatly as ^^ the nature and proportions of their active constituents. No wfixiite effect is to be expected from such uncertain agents. For ^'ist^mce, many observers credit ergot with the power of causing *t^x^e contractions and an equal number deny that it can initiate "^^e movements. Most physicians believe that it causes tetanic ^^^■^tractions of the uterus after parturition has commenced, but ^^'^^^rs deny this. It would seem that an agent so uncertain had bet- ^^ l>e left out of practice ; but since the desired effect can surely be ^"^^ined from comutine, there is no reason we should deny our- ^^^>''es of its great benefits. Srgot has been applied locally for gonorrhea, acne, rosacea, con- \|^^«tivitis, endocervicitis", and incipient boils (Shoemaker) ; also for r^'^^iorriioids, probpsed rectum, relaxed sphincter ani or vesicae; ^^"^ there seems much doubt as to whether an agent acting 182 CORNUTINE upon the centers as ergot does, can exert any local action beyond suggestion. T. Clemens gave ergotin by the stomach and injected into the bladder (4 g^ins to the ounce) for ammoniacal cystitis of paraplegics, with advantage. Every variety of hemorrhage has been stopped by ergot in suf- ficient doses, though Binz denies its efficacy except in uterine hemor- rhages. In these it has been the writer's experience to find the bleeding reduced by ergot to a mere dribble, but this refused to stop even when the drug was given till the legs grew cold and the pulses at the ankle were imperceptible. But when digitalin was then given the remaining hemorrhage ceased. This was in postpartum bleed- ing. When the hemorrhage is from uterine tumors, pol)rpi or fibromyomas, there is evidence that ergotin checks the bleeding and reduces the growth by cutting off its blood supply and constringing the uterus. Mechanical means may be employed to facilitate the separation and extrusion of the tumors. In labor when there is a history of previous floodings, it is cus- tomary to give a full dose just as the child's head is ready to be bom — ^presses upon the perineum, the latter dilated properly. In uterine subinvolution Hirst recommends ergot with strych- nine and quinine. , Night sweats, hyperidrosis, galactorrhea, have been treated by ergot. In purpura it is usually given, but the writer has never wit- nessed any good effect from it. In relaxed states, as in diarrheas, dysenteries, passive pulmonary congestions, etc., ergot may be of value but strychnine fills this indication so well that nothing else is needed. In diabetesi insipidus the outflow of urine is controlled to scMiie extent by full doses of ergotin, and it has been used in glycosuria also. The powerful vasoconstrictor effect of ergotin has been utilized in treating congestive dysmenorrhea and migraine, spinal hyperemia, vesical paralysis, whooping-cough, etc. It has been in- jected hypodermically for varicose veins, varicocele, enlarged spleen, and hemorrhoids. In acne when enough ergotin is given, the malady completely disappears, but returns when the ergot effect passes off. In many affections of the nervous centers, brain and cord, ergot in full doses has been advised, such as spinal hyperemias, paraplegia, chronic mania with hyperemia, in fact in any hyperemic malady of these tissues. CORYDALIN 18» Paretic spermatorrhea is said to have been benefited by this drug. Go6S3rpiin, hydrastine, physostigmine and pilocarpine cause uterine contractions and are synergists of ergotin in that respect. Digitalin, hydrastine, hydrastinine, are synergistic as hemostatics. Crgotin has been given to restrain too free mucous discharges, ieucorrhea, etc. It has been injected hypodermically over aneurisms vith benefit. In a case of pulsation of the abdominal aorta where cr)g;'otin was employed under the mistaken diagnosis of aneurism, '^eoo^ery ensued. TThc dose of ergotin by the mouth isi gr. i-6 to j, repeated every '^oiax- or less, as needed. In acute hemorrhages or to stimulate the it may be given hypodermically in single doses of three grains four to eight hours. In nervous maladies Wood g^ve fluid 'act of ergot in doses of a dram to an ounce ; but this preparation ^ Sc3 uncertain that little definite information as to dosage is to be ^^«^^ed from it. TTie effects of ergot are not manifest for some hours after ad- "^»^istration. COBTDALIN. Standard granule — Gr. i-6, gm. .01. Corydalin is a concentration from the tubers of Corydalis 5^^inosa, the turkey com. The plant contains an alkaloid, coryda- ^^c, discovered by Wenzell. It is insoluble in water, soluble in ^^Vicr easily^ with difficulty in alcohol, Merck describes three alka- ••Oids found in this plant. By the eclectics corydalis is accredited ^^th tonic, diuretic and alterative properties. It was employed as a ^"emedy for S3rphilis but except as a tonic is not thought to possess ^y value (King). When syphilis is constitutional, in debilitated subjects, corydalis possesses an efficacy unequalled as an alterative tonic (King). Recent syphilitic nodes, especially on the skull, are chiefly influenced by it. It promptly relieves the shin pains. Locke recommends it in atonic, scrofulous and syphilitic cases of amenor- rhea, dysmenorrhea and leucorrhea; also as a digestive tonic in atonic abdominal enlargement, dysentery and diarrhea with coated tongue, fetid breath and poor digestion. It is useful in malarial - Spedlo Indioatioiis. — Syphilitic or scrofulous diathesis; yellow skin with lymphatic enlargements ; syphilitic nodes ; increases waste and improves nutrition. 184 COTOIN Ellingwood says overdoses cause biliousness, deranged stomach, excessive secretion of mucus, gastrointestinal catarrh, anorexia, in- digestion, fetid breath, irregular bowels, colic, and malaise. In remedial doses it is a tonic, increasing vitality and influencing meta- bolism; cooperating with echinacea, berberis, hydrastis, xanthox- ylum and stillingia. In chronic skin diseases with marked cachexia it is speedily curative; superior if there is relaxation of tissue and plethora. The dose of corydalin is a grain four times a day in chronic conditions. COTOIN. Standard granule — Gr. 1-67, gm. .001. Cotoin is a glucoside derived from the bark of an undetermined South American tree. It is soluble in alcohol or ether, or in boiling water, almost insoluble in cold water. Watery solutions of alkalies or of their carbonates dissolve it. Goto has the properties of a bitter tonic and of an astringent. It has been used as a remedy for various forms of diarrhea with suc- cess. Burkhart and Rieker attributed to it extraordinary efficacy in enteritis, diarrhea, dysentery, etc. In cholera infantum it acts as other astringents do. In phthisis it is more effective, and also re- strains the colliquative sweats. Engel asserted that it had a selec- tive action in tubercular diarrhea, so that any diarrhea checked by coto might thereby be diagnosed as tubercular. Cotoin is especially useful where opiates are contraindicated. Large doses of coto cause a sense of warmth in the stomach, and larger ones give rise to nausea and vomiting. The saliva is in- creased. It retards the development of bacteria, and of putrefaction. It actively dilates the intestinal vessels. In healthy persons it does not constipate. Shoemaker pronounces coto remarkably efficient in all forms of diarrhea except that with intestinal ulcers. Albertoni reported no success in drunkards or when the portal circulation was obstructed, as in cirrhosis. Enteric hyperemia and tendency to intestinal hemorrhage contraindicate coto. In acute in- testinal catarrhs it should therefore be used with care. The dose of cotoin is gr. 1-67 to 1-22 every two hours. Coto is singularly repugnant to the stomach, and few patients will take it long, the aversion becoming insurmountable (Huese- mann). CREASOTE 185 Cotoin does not interfere with the action of pepsin or of ptyalin. h is excreted by the kidneys and diminishes the excretion of indican. Insoluble in the gastric juice it passes unaltered into the intestine. The intestine, says Albertoni, is the habitat par excellence of the putrefactive process. Here we encounter nearly all the products of ^he putrid fermentation, peptones, tyrosine, leucine, organic acids, phenol, indol, scatol, ammonia, carbonic acid, sulphydric acid, hydro- gen, hydrogen protocarbonate. The majority of these are reab- sorbed, and traces of phenol are found in the stools, most of it in the urine. The indican of the urine is derived from the indol. The Quantity of indican found in the urine shows the intensity of the putrefactive process in the bowel. Albertoni found that phenol con- tinued to be found in the urine despite the use of cotoin. The de- c^asc of indican observed by Burkart and Pribram under cotoin "^ust be attributed to a secondary effect, consecutive to the ameliora- tion of the intestinal malady. By determining active dilation of the jntes^tinal vessels cotoin improves the nutrition of the mucosa and '^^i^ases its faculty of absorption. It follows that the indication for cotoin in diarrheas is asthenia, ^^ ^.tonic or relaxed condition. Van Renterghem found this agent Useful for aged patients. In children the diarrhea of rickets is espe- ^\^ll>^ amenable to cotoin. Much larger doses than those above ri may be used. Albertoni gave gr. i-6 to a newborn infant with inity. Van Renterghem gave to an adult ten grains within 24 CBEASOTE. Standard granule — Gr. 1-67. iDespite the differences of opinion r^!;arding the usefulness of sote in phthisis it will continue to be given in this disease until ething else has proved more efficacious. It is a powerful anti- r^^^^'^c resembling carbolic add greatly in its effect but is markedly -^^^ injurious to the human tissues. It is eliminated through the ^^^^^[S and Iwronchial mucosa, and though it cannot possibly destroy ^^^ bacilli in the lesion it probably renders them weaker and cer- ,^^^ly renders the parts a less suitable field for their propagation. ^ ^so disinfects the sputum and this is of no small moment for to ^^^»ider the discharges of the phthisical patient less dangerous to ^^n»elf and others is to accomplish a good deal. The consumptive ^iten reinfects himself. This is unquestionable. The drug is also eliminated through the kidneys and this has lead to its use in 186 CROTON OIL diabetes and Bright's disease. While it is impossible to term it a remedy for these conditions some cases have improved upon it. Creasote destroys germs with which it come in contact and thus is of use in stomachic and intestinal fermentative conditions. It is also an excellent anti-nauseant. It can be given combined with bis- muth in all forms of nausea with success. The dose in phthisis should be large. Three to six granules may be given every three hours. An excellent plan is to begin with two and gradually increase as the patient becomes tolerant. Some subjects can take enormous doses and thrive upon them. The secret of success with this remedy in pulmonary phthisis is "dose enough." In purulent pneumonitis creasote will prove invaluable. Two to four granules may be given with some nutrient every three hours. In bronchitis and bronchorrhea it corrects the offensive dis- charges and certainly aids in obtaining a cure. In such cases as are suited to this remedy, cough lessens, sputum diminishes, night sweats cease and diarrhea (if present) stops. Vomiting is con- trolled, the gastric irritability lessens and the patient shows general improvement. Creasote should be given either with food or with a diluent. It is a useful and dependable remedy and should be in every doctor's case. CBOTON OIL. Croton oil may be separated by alcohol into two portions, that soluble in alcohol being irritant, the residue purgative. The former depends on crotonolic acid for its effects. Applied to the skin croton oil causes a pustular inflammation or eruption, sometimes leaving scars. The vapor may cause inflanuna- tion of the ccHijunctivae, nose and air-passages^. Burning follows its local application in five minutes. The pustules dry up and disap- pear in a few days. Sometimes the oil is absorbed and causes purg- ing, even through the unbroken skin. Applied to wounds or de- nuded surfaces it causes- phlegmonous inflammation, with suppura- tion. Taken internally in doses of a drop, croton oil causes burning and irritation of the mucous surfaces with which it comes in con- tact. Within two hours abdominal rumbling and pains begin, with watery stools that irritate the anal tissues^. Larger doses cause symptoms resembling cholera morbus, violent vomiting, aching in the muscles and joints, cyanosis, fall in temperature and death. THERAPEUTIC NOTES THERAPEUTIC NOTES CUBEBIN IH7 Xhree drops may cause violent fi^astroenteritis. Vtvv 'Iropv raiivil death. CTroton oil is given as a derivative in a/ngesti^/n^ of iIm' tirain or spin3.1 cord, threatened apoplexy, etc., and eclampsia, wti«r« ihrrr i't need of prompt and powerful effect. In obstipati^/n ari'l 'mif%tiust\ ol)Strxictions it is a ver>- dangerous drug, and d^^rH infinit/'ly wot' harm than good. Tlie average purgative df^t i^ «'/n<- ^Ir^^/. .S^yfn- lyli^rv iha croton oil in smaller dose* act* mildly, like ^jsnt^yr ''/tl : ;ind I* ha* been given in pills of soap containin;^ aich f«t-^i^}; of i dr^/f/ of crotoa oil with asserted fxnem. 'Ih^ oi^ frr^. Ar;j'./; •K- /fid;t/ had been abstracter! by akoho! T.i^jhr v: •?;•:* ^jvr'l. r,d jXAii^/ly w^ cooid thus obtain m a erar.---> or taV'^f r'': . ir-;^ ',? r^ ViiJry aw'l '-.abie cs-a^'-r o:!. ii i^— ... .-.-4 ,- . . , ... -^ . . -1^1^* ■!«.« J-»J^ Ae 1- • f • J m_ * d«e. I: S" L<'.^ «-•■: "t Wiri- Ti'.r -r f-I ;--: ',-'r/cv/ i: ■ f r3 T. 3niK • xirjr •£r -..» r ■ • ."SBf J^ 188 CURARINE which make them somewhat more irritating to the intestinal than is cubebin. Its chief use is in disorders of the urinary passages. In gormot- rhea and gleet its action is well known. It acts as a sedative to "tl^^ mucous coat and seems to allay irritability. The standard gran.i-^^^ contains gr. 1-67, and one, two or three may be exhibited cv^^T^ hour. As an expectorant one every two hours often gives good resu^-^ Scillitin may be given in conjunction and cubebin and codeine, granule of each, has relieved some markedly stubborn cases bronchial asthma. In arresting the discharge following prostatitis cubebin is useful and it^has been recommended as a edy for spermatorrhea. In catarrhs of the bladder it is of doubted value; indeed, it is here that its chief field exists. It shou.^ not be forgotten that large doses sometimes cause a matked fever ish condition with some erythema. CTTBABINE. From the Indians of the Orinoco is obtained an arrow poiso^"^ known as curare. Three kinds come to the market, that which i^ brought in tubes of bamboo, in calabashes, and in little clay pots These are different in their effects and strength. Five alkaloids have been found in these, the most important being curarine. This is a bright reddish-yellow amorphous mass, that from tube curare being quite stable, soluble in water or in alcohol. Curarine given in large doses hypodermically, paralyzes th^ striated muscles, beginning with the short ones, the ears, toes and neck, then those of the extremities and finally the respiratory ap- paratus* which gradually comes to a stop. The heart continues beat- mg a while longer and then also stops. Small doses weaken the voluntary muscles alone, the respiration becoming labored but do not affect the heart. The rationale of this action is disputed, though it evidently takes place through the blood. The ends of the motor nerves are par- alyzed, but neither the trunks nor the centers. The metabolism as represented by the exchange of gases is markedly lessened, from the muscular relaxation. To this is also due the fall in temperature. The earlier experiments with curare are inaccurate from the varying nature of the specimens, but Tillie employed pure curarine CURARINE 189 and his results are of value. He found that small doses abolish the posterior reflexes, by cerebral inhibition. Large doses affect the spinal cord directly, increasing irritability and causing convulsions, increasing to tetanic severity. This follows only direct application of the drug to the cord. When curare slows the heart, reduces the arterial pressure and arrests the heart in diastole, it is due to the other alkaloid, curine, not to curarine. To which principle is to be ascribed the lachryma- tion, polyuria and salivation following some curares, is imcertain. The skin is at first dry, followed by an outburst of perspiration, dry- ness of the mouth and burning thirst. The temperature rises nearly two deg^rees. Chattering of the teeth, shivering and trembling precede the Taken by the mouth, curarine has little if any effect, even in very large doses. Either it is destroyed by the gastric juice or the absOrpticMi does not more than keep pace with the elimination. Curarine has been employed in affections characterized by exces- sive irritability of the motor terminal nerves, such as tetanus and i^ydrophobia. Two cases of the latter have been reported as cured ^y ttis remedy. The great difficulty in obtaining it in purity, and ^^ variable effects manifested by the curares sent to market, have P'^'vented its general employment in affections of such gravity. ^^3lmy considers curare not indicated in these maladies, which de- on centric irritations, while the drug acts only on the nerve- But Murrell speaks highly of the use of methyl-iodine-strych- t, whose effects are identical with those of curarine, and which be prepared in uniform strength and purity sufficient to justify ^ employment. In paralysis agitans, chorea, and a number of ^'">ilar maladies this agent should prove of decided value. Curarine seems to be excreted unchanged by the kidneys. It has ^^n given in epilepsy with asserted advantage. The dose to begin ^^'Ui is gr. 1-250, hypodermically, increasing till effect. In hydro- P^obia Offenberg gave gr. 1-2 to a woman and saved her. In ^^ychnine poisoning curare has been used with success. Here it ^^^ms to be a rational antidote. In tetanus Hoffman g^ve curarine ^^ 1-67, increasing to 9-67, hypodermically. A case of tetany is ^^ported in which doses of gr. 7-67 proved effective. Curarine may be administered by the rectum, in doses some- ^^liat larger than by hypodermic. 190 CYPRIPEDIN CTFBIFEDIN. Standard granule — Gr. 1-12, gm. .005. Cypripedin is a concentration from Cypripedium pubescens, the ladies' slipper. No active principle has been found in this plant. Scudder terms cypripedium tonic, stimulant, diaphoretic and antispasmodic. Its chief value is as a nerve stimulant in atonic cases, improving the circulation and nutrition of the nerve centers. Felter and Lloyd enumerate as its uses, allaying nervous excitability or irritation unconnected with organic lesions, lessening pain, pro- ducing a calm and cheerful state of mind and thus favoring sleep ; hysteria, chorea, nervous headache, wakefulness, prostration in low fevers, epilepsy, all morbid irritabilities of the nervous system from non-organic causes; nervousness, hypochondria and mental depres- sion of deranged digestion, especially in females; joint pains fol- lowing scarlet fever. Specific Indications. — Insomnia, nervous irritability, neuralgia, delirium, all from atony ; menstrual irregularities with despondency ; tendency to dementia at climacteric; mental depression frcxn self- abuse. Ellingwood says the virtues of this plant are lost by drying, and only fresh root preparations should be employed. Large doses are requisite. He advises it in nervous conditions from genitourinary disorders; mental depression from sexual causes; it allays cerebral irritation from teething ; typhoid vigilance and jactitation with vital depression, and that from dyspepsia. These quotations show the place of cypripedin to be close to that formerly filled by valerian. Neither is a powerful remedy, but for them there is a large class of cases that do not require a very strong remedy. It is the little ailments that wear out the endurance, as bankruptcy is more easily borne than the continual nagging of a nervous, fretful wife. Cypripedin relieves the minor ailments that cause nervousness, and leaves a sense of comfort and well-being, somewhat resembling the euphoria of morphine. Possibly cypri- pedin may prove of value in treating the withdrawal symptoms of this and other habit drugs. The writer has employed cypripedin largely to relieve sexual erethism, with satisfaction. It soothes the sexual organs and quiets the irritability that leads to the exhaustion of the forces by constant discharges of energy. The patient must be warned that the effect will be a lessening of sexual desire, or else he will think it is de- DIASTASE l»l priving him of his powers. Explain that the cnerp^y is simply stored up by cypripedin instead of being uselessly discharged, and he will be satisfied. This result has followed the use of cypripedin in both sexes. The dose most effective has been a grain four times a day, and the drug should be continued for a month. It is often wise to give cypripedin for a month and then follow with cornin for a similar period. Cypripedin is one of the remedies lost to the old therapist by the uselessness of the preparations in the shops. Wliile a freshly-made infusion probably excels, the writer has found cypripedin quite active. DIASTASE. Standard granule — Gr. i-6, gm. .01. This substance is an enzyme, a name used in organic chemistry to designate unformed ferments as distinguished from organized ferments. Diastase is obtained from barlev and other cereals when in process of germination. It is a saccharifying or amylolytic ferment, ^hich has the power of slowly converting starch into grape sugar, ^vith the intermediate body maltose. To the saccharifying enzymes l^long this body, diastase, ptyalin, and the diastasic ferments of the P^Ticreas, liver, blood, mucosa, of the trachea, and gall-bladder, spleen, skin, kidneys, testicles, lungs, lymphatic glands and muscles. In the vegetable kingdom these saccharifying enzymes are very abundant, as in the buds of leaves and in germinating seeds : espe- ^'^lly of the cereals and legumes. There is also an enzyme derived ^'"Om the bacterial fungus of rice. Aspergillus curotium oryzac, ^^llcd after its Japanese discoverer Takamine, Taka diastase. Diastase may be found in small quantities in malt extracts, when ^^^^^ is taken not to disperse this substance by the heat employed in ^^^Jcing the extract. Whether the animal diastases are identical ^'^itt those of vegetable origin is yet a question. But assuming that P^3^n, the diastasic enzyme of the saliva, is at least very nearly ^^^ntical with vegetable diastase, and remembering too that ^^^^'^inivora and camivora produce ptyalin but very little or not at all, ^^''Viile herbivora produce it abundantly in their saliva, we come to ^^^ reasonable conclusion that diastase must be useful in amvlaceous — m digestion ; and so it is found in practice. 192 DIASTASE Cushny doubts the existence of such an indigestion. In his Pharmacology, page 688, he says: "Taka-diastase, which digests over loo times its weight of starch, has been recommended in cases in which there is supposed to be a deficient digestion of starch. It ceases to act in the gastric juice as soon as the acidity exceeds o.i per cent, but may be able to digest a certain amount of starch in the mouth and stomach before it is destroyed. The question at once arises however, whether the ordinary digestive juices are ever un- able to digest the starch of the food. And although a new term, amylaceous dyspepsia, has been introduced to indicate this class of cases, if they should be found to exist, it must be admitted that no satisfactory evidence of their existence has been brought forward as yet. It is stated that more starch is found to be digested in the stomach after the administration of diastase, but this seems to be beside the point, for it merely indicates that less starch reaches the intestine for the pancreatic juice to act upon. Until it is shown that in some cases the digestion of starch by the intestinal ferments is insufficiently performed, the diastase preparations* would seem to be superfluous. According to Friedenwald diastase increases the digestion of starch in the stomach chiefly in cases of hyperacidity; but doubt is thrown upon this statement by the investigator." Practice, however, does not sustain this skepticism. We do meet with cases where starchy food is badly digested and eructa- tions of odorless gas follow its ingestion, in which diastase serves an excellent purpose. Moreover, diastase hastens the natural amylolytic or saccharifying process. The usefulness of diastase in diabetes mellitus, especially from pancreatic disturbances, when the withholding of bread becomes intolerable and it must be al- lowed to some extent, rests upon this hastening quality. What exhausts the patient here is the protracted slow process of the sac- chariflcation of starch. It seems, therefore, that when this process is quickly performed and the sugar gotten rid of by the excretions, this is the cause of the patient's comparative relief, and this gives him a better chance for other appropriate treatment. Diastase is an albuminous body, obtained by precipitation from a watery malt extract, as a white powder. The minimum dose is gr. 2, and reasonably more when indicated. As with the other artificial digestants, the effects of a few grains of diastase are immensely greater than those attributable to its own digestive powers. The function of these bodies seems to be to set the digestive process going. The secretion of the natural digestants THIiRAPEUTIC NO'IKS THERAPEUTIC NOTES DIGITALIN 198 1 in the body appears* to be regulated automatically, and len enough has been provided for the need. But sometimes ion is not begun, and food may be vomited hours after its , without any sign of digestive action. Now if the diges- gun by artificial agents, it seems that the process once set ion is continued by the forces of the digestive system, until I. This explanation is in harmony with the facts observed ISC acts only upon the carbohydrates, and only during the >eriod of digestion. It should therefore be given only at ning of the meal, and with starchy food. As soon as the i;astric acid begins the action of diastase ceases, and it is l^ly doubtful if it is resumed later in the duodenum, as the is itself almost certainly digested in the stomach. Even arly indicated the use of diastase should not lead the to neglect the necessary instructions to his patient as to ating. If people thoroughly masticated and insalivated rates and did not wash their food down with fluids, espe- i ones, there would be little need for diastasic aids. DIOITALIH. ird granule — Gr. 1-67, gm. .001. the leaves of the foxglove, Digitalis purpurea, we obtain est of the cardiac tonics. The leaves contain at least five s, known as digitin, digitalin, digitalein, digitoxin and . Of these the first is admitted to be inert, the next three each other in their effects as cardiac and vascular tensors Btics, while the fifth to a -certain extent antagonizes the f the others. These active principles exist in the plant in >roportions. The strongest digitalis is said to be the wild England ; that found in Roumania is very much less active, cultivated herb is inert. The plant is a perennial and only 8 of the second year's growth should be employed. The t only active within a year from the time they are gathered, the irresponsible herb collector cares for such nicety, or if s the wild plant when it is so easy to cultivate, are ques- those who adhere to the use of galenics — the alkalometrist something more definite and sure. digitalin is a white amorphous powder, formula C^n Ha^ lissolves with difficulty in water, easily in alcohol or chloro- hc solution is very bitter. It is precipitated by tannic acid. 194* DIGITALIN Fhysiologio and Toxic Actions. — ^A lethal dose of digitalin par- alyzes the heart, arresting it in diastole. The pulse is first slowed, the arterial tension increased. The pulse is then accelerated, the blood pressure falling slowly and progressively, interrupted by brief elevations. The heart-action becomes very irregular, pulse- rate variable, arterial pressure continually falling; finally, sudden heart paralysis and arrest in diastole. Traube describes three stages : The arterial pressure rises and the pulse slows ; the pulse-rate rises suddenly to its maximum, as in atropine poisoning, the arterial pressure rising at the same time, but soon beginning to sink gradually to below normal; the pres- sure still sinks, the pulse again slowing, intermitting and irregular, the beats weaker, finally stopping in diastole. Small doses have no appreciable effect on the nerve centers of a healthy man. They sedate the nerves and favor calm and sleep, when there is agitation and insomnia (Rabuteau). Toxic doses, or even smaller ones too long continued, provoke vertigo, headache, obscurity of vision, dilation of pupils, ringing of the ears, hallucinations, muscular weakness, dulling of the senses and the general sensibility, sometimes convulsions'. These arc due to the circulatorv disturbance and the increase of carbonic acid in the blood. In small doses digitalin does not weaken the contractility of the voluntary muscles but in large doses it extinguishes it rapidly. Small doses excite the contractility of smooth muscle fiber; large doses lessen or abolish it. During the first stage the thermometer in the anus shows a fall of temperature, while at the surface of the body the heat is aug- mented. This is explained by the increase of the arterial pressure, the acceleration of the cutaneous circulation, and the radiation of heat. The fall of temperature in the following stages, and in fevers, is explained by attributing to digitalin the power of removing the causes of abnormal hyperthermia, or of indirectly diminishing the molecular changes and the production of heat, by slowing the cir- culation. Small doses of digitalin produce no notable effect on the gastro- intestinal tube of a healthy person. Larger ones cause nausea, anorexia, vomiting, gastric disorder and diarrhea (Koppe). Digitalin is not a true diuretic, and has no value as a renal elim- inant unless the defective action depends on heart-disease. In healthy persons by raising the arterial pressure it lessens or sup- DIGITALIN 196 presses the discharge of urine. Sometimes the excretion is reestab- lished as tht pressure falls ; in others it only returns when the pres- sure has become subnormal. Here the renal vasomotors^ seem to be affected more than the general system. After these arrests the urine is always albuminous. But other elements may enter to ex- plain the action cm the excretion of urine. Increased arterial pres- sure may check it by mechanical action. The slowing of the pulse in the first stage is attributed by Traube to direct excitation of the centers^ and peripheric intra- cardiac ends of the vagus. Meyer looks on the slowing as secondary to the increased vascular pressure, the intracranial tension acting on the vagus centers. This regulates automatically the discharge of blood into the cranium. But Traube found that cutting the cervical cord — ^which lessens arterial pressure universally— does not prevent the slowing of the pulse by digitalin. Binz does not consider these views antagonistic. How digitalin increases the blood-pressure is no better compre- ^^icled. Binz attributes it to a direct action, since neither atropine nor section of the inhibitory nerves prevents it. Traube attributes it to ex- ^^tion of the cardiac excitomotor nerves. But as on the excised heart ^ the frog digitalin acts precisely as on the heart of warm- hloodcd animals in situ, there seems to be a direct relation between "^ drug and the cardiac muscular fibers. On the contrary, Acher- ^'^^iin and Kaufmann consider that by acting on the vagus centers and P^Hpheric terminals, it augments the intravascular pressure. Binz ^ys the arterial pressure depends on three factors: Increased ^^rgry of ventricular contraction ; increased frequency ; greater re- ststance from increased systemic vascular tonicity. The unquestioned diuretic property of digitalin in cardiac ^.^^^sies is thus explained : There is here often a serous transuda- ^oti into the tissues, due to the enormous passive venous hyperemia. ^Sritalin regulates the abnormal distribution of the blood, removes ™^ hyperemia, and permits reabsorption of the effused serum. The ^Ueous blood, and the general increase of vascular pressure, espe- ^^Hy in the renal arteries, conduce naturally to hypersecretion of ^^tie (Nothnagel). Gubler calls attentiqn to the corresponding ^'^inution of perspiration, for while the activity of the sudoriparous &*^»icis is in proportion to the peripheral congestion and exaltation ^lie temperature, that of the uropoietic glands is in inverse ratio ^ ^he vascular erethism.
github_open_source_100_8_20260	Github OpenSource	Various open source	% Generated by roxygen2: do not edit by hand % Please edit documentation in R/assert_ot.R \name{assert_ot} \alias{assert_ot} \title{Sprawdzanie argumentow funkcji} \usage{ assert_ot(x, y, nazwaArgumentuX = "x", nazwaArgumentuY = "opisTestu") } \arguments{ \item{x}{argument do sprawdzenia - dane} \item{y}{argument do sprawdzenia - opis struktury testu} \item{nazwaArgumentuX}{nazwa argumentu, która zostanie wstawiona do komunikatów o błędzie} \item{nazwaArgumentuY}{nazwa argumentu, która zostanie wstawiona do komunikatów o błędzie} } \value{ Funkcja zwraca \code{TRUE} jeśli argument \code{y} jest poprawnym opisem struktury testu oraz dane podane argumentem \code{x} są z nim zgodne. W przeciwnym wypadku wywołuje błąd. } \description{ Funkcja sprawdza, czy podane dane są zgodne podanym opisem struktury testu (oraz czy sam ten opis jest poprawny). }
http://publications.europa.eu/resource/cellar/a2fb2aa6-c85d-4223-9880-403cc5c1daa2_8707	Eurovoc	CC-By	Glede na obstoječe ravni liberalizacije med pogodbenicami v mednarodnem pomorskem prometu:(a)pogodbenici učinkovito uporabljata načelo neomejenega dostopa do mednarodnih pomorskih trgov in trgovine na komercialni in nediskriminatorni osnovi ter(b)vsaka pogodbenica ladjam, ki plujejo pod zastavo ali jih upravljajo ponudniki storitev druge pogodbenice, zagotovijo obravnavo, ki ni manj ugodna od obravnave, ki jo zagotovijo lastnim ladjam, med drugim glede dostopa do pristanišč, uporabe infrastrukture in pomožnih pomorskih storitev pristanišč ter glede povezanih pristojbin in taks, carinskih objektov ter določitve privezov in naprav za natovarjanje in raztovarjanje. 4. Pogodbenici ob uporabi teh načel:(a)ne vključujeta dogovorov o delitvi tovora v prihodnje dvostranske sporazume s tretjimi stranmi v zvezi s storitvami pomorskega prometa, vključno s prometom s suhim in tekočim razsutim tovorom ter linijskim prometom, in ne izvajata takih dogovorov o delitvi tovora, če obstajajo v predhodnih dvostranskih sporazumih, ter(b)ob začetku veljavnosti tega sporazuma odpravita vse enostranske ukrepe ter upravne, tehnične in druge ovire, ki bi lahko omejevale svobodno in pravično konkurenco ali prikrito omejevale ali diskriminirale svobodno opravljanje storitev v mednarodnem pomorskem prometu, in jih hkrati ne uvajata. 5. Vsaka pogodbenica ponudnikom mednarodnih pomorskih storitev druge pogodbenice dovoli ustanovitev poslovne enote na svojem ozemlju pod pogoji za ustanavljanje in poslovanje, ki niso manj ugodni od tistih, ki jih zagotavlja lastnim ponudnikom storitev ali ponudnikom storitev tretje strani, kateri koli so ugodnejši, v skladu s pogoji z njenega seznama zavez. 6. Vsaka pogodbenica ponudnikom storitev mednarodnega pomorskega prometa iz druge pogodbenice po razumnih in nediskriminatornih pogojih zagotovi naslednje storitve v pristanišču:(a)pilotažo;(b)pomoč pri vleki in potiskanju;(c)oskrbo s hrano;(d)oskrbo z gorivom in vodo;(e)zbiranje odpadkov in odstranjevanje balastnih odpadkov;(f)storitve pristaniškega kapitana;(g)navigacijski pripomočki ter(h)operativne storitve z obale, ki so bistvene za upravljanje ladij, vključno s komunikacijami, oskrbo z vodo in elektriko, opremo za nujna popravila, sidranjem, privezom in službami za privezovanje. ODDELEK FElektronsko poslovanjeČlen 7. 48Cilji in načela1. Pogodbenici se ob priznavanju možnosti za gospodarsko rast in trgovino, ki jih omogoča elektronsko poslovanje, pomena izogibanja ovir za njegovo uporabo in razvoj ter uporabe Sporazuma WTO pri ukrepih, ki vplivajo na elektronsko poslovanje, dogovorita o spodbujanju razvoja elektronskega poslovanja med njima, zlasti s sodelovanjem pri vprašanjih v zvezi z elektronskim poslovanjem v okviru tega poglavja. 2. Pogodbenici se strinjata, da mora biti razvoj elektronskega poslovanja popolnoma skladen z mednarodnimi standardi varstva podatkov, da se zagotovi zaupanje uporabnikov v elektronsko poslovanje. 3. Pogodbenici se strinjata, da ne bosta uvedli carin za dostave prek elektronskih sredstevVključitev določb o elektronskem poslovanju v to poglavje ne posega v stališče Koreje, ali je treba dostavo s pomočjo elektronskih sredstev kategorizirati kot trgovino s storitvami ali blagom. Člen 7. 49Sodelovanje na področju regulativnih vprašanj1. Pogodbenici ohranjata dialog o regulativnih vprašanjih v zvezi z elektronskim poslovanjem, v okviru katerega med drugim obravnavata naslednja vprašanja:(a)priznavanje certifikatov o elektronskih podpisih, izdanih javnosti, in olajševanje čezmejnih storitev certificiranja;(b)odgovornost posrednih ponudnikov storitev v zvezi s prenosom ali shranjevanjem informacij;(c)ravnanje z nenaročenimi elektronskimi reklamnimi sporočili;(d)varstvo potrošnikov na področju elektronskega poslovanja;(e)razvoj brezpapirnega trgovanja ter(f)morebitna druga vprašanja, pomembna za razvoj elektronskega poslovanja. 2. Dialog lahko vključuje izmenjavo informacij o posamezni zakonodaji pogodbenic v zvezi s temi vprašanji ter o izvajanju take zakonodaje. ODDELEK GIzjemeČlen 7. 50IzjemePod pogojem, da se taki ukrepi ne uporabljajo na način, ki bi pomenil sredstvo za samovoljno ali neupravičeno diskriminacijo med državami, v katerih prevladujejo podobni pogoji, ali prikrito omejevanje ustanavljanja ali čezmejnega opravljanja storitev, se nobena določba tega poglavja ne razlaga tako, da bi se pogodbenicama preprečilo sprejemanje ali izvrševanje ukrepov:(a)ki so potrebni za zavarovanje javne varnosti ali javne morale ali za ohranjanje javnega reda in miruIzjema o javnem redu in miru se lahko uporabi samo, kadar obstaja resnična in dovolj resna grožnja za enega od temeljnih interesov družbe. ;(b)ki so potrebni za varovanje življenja ali zdravja ljudi, živali ali rastlin;(c)ki so povezani z ohranjanjem neobnovljivih naravnih virov, če se taki ukrepi uporabljajo v zvezi z omejevanjem nacionalnih investitorjev ali nacionalne ponudbe ali uporabe storitev;(d)ki so potrebni za varovanje narodnega bogastva umetniške, zgodovinske ali arheološke vrednosti;(e)ki so potrebni za zagotavljanje skladnosti z zakoni ali predpisi, ki niso neskladni z določbami tega poglavja, vključno s tistimi, ki se nanašajo na:(i)preprečevanje varljivega in goljufivega ravnanja ali obravnavanje posledic neizpolnjevanja obveznosti iz pogodb;(ii)varovanje zasebnosti posameznikov v zvezi z obdelavo in razširjanjem osebnih podatkov ter varovanje zaupnosti osebne dokumentacije in računov;(iii)varnost;(f)ki so v neskladju s členoma 7. 6 in 7. 12, če je razlika v obravnavi namenjena zagotavljanju pravične ali učinkoviteUkrepi, namenjeni zagotavljanju pravične ali učinkovite uvedbe ali pobiranja neposrednih davkov, vključujejo ukrepe, ki jih pogodbenica sprejme v skladu s svojim sistemom obdavčevanja in ki:(a)veljajo za nerezidenčne investitorje in ponudnike storitev ob priznavanju dejstva, da se davčna obveznost nerezidentov ugotavlja glede na obdavčljive izdelke, ki izvira z ozemlja pogodbenica ali se tam nahaja;(b)veljajo za nerezidente, da se zagotovi uvedba ali pobiranje davkov na ozemlju pogodbenice;(c)veljajo za nerezidente ali rezidente, da se prepreči izogibanje ali utaja davkov, vključno z ukrepi za usklajevanje,(d)veljajo za uporabnike storitev, ki se opravljajo na ozemlju druge pogodbenice ali z njega, da se zagotovi uvedba ali pobiranje davkov od takih uporabnikov iz virov na ozemlju pogodbenice;(e)ločijo investitorje in ponudnike storitev, ki morajo plačati davek za globalno obdavčljivo blago, od drugih investitorjev in ponudnikov storitev, ob priznavanju razlike v naravi davčne osnove med njimi, ali(f)določajo, dodelijo ali razdelijo prihodek, dobiček, zaslužek, izgubo, odbitek ali dobropis posameznikov rezidentov ali podružnic ali med povezanimi posamezniki ali podružnicami iste osebe, tako da se ohrani davčna osnova pogodbenice. Davčni izrazi ali pojmi v tem odstavku in tej opombi so določeni v skladu z davčnimi opredelitvami in pojmi oziroma ustreznimi ali podobnimi opredelitvami in pojmi iz notranjega prava pogodbenice, ki sprejema ukrep. uvedbe ali pobiranja neposrednih davkov od gospodarskih dejavnosti, investitorjev ali ponudnikov storitev druge pogodbenice. POGLAVJE OSEMPLAČILA IN PRETOK KAPITALAČlen 8. 1Tekoča plačilaPogodbenici se zavežeta, da ne bosta uvedli omejitev in da bosta dovolili vsa plačila in transferje na tekoči račun plačilne bilance med rezidenti pogodbenic v prosto zamenljivi valuti v skladu s Statutom Mednarodnega denarnega sklada. Člen 8. 2Pretok kapitala1. Glede transakcij na kapitalskem in finančnem računu plačilne bilance se pogodbenici zavežeta, da ne bosta uvedli omejitev za prosti pretok kapitala v zvezi z neposrednimi naložbami v skladu z zakonodajo države gostiteljice, naložbami in drugimi transakcijami, liberaliziranimi v skladu s Poglavjem sedem (Trgovina s storitvami, ustanavljanje in elektronsko poslovanje), ter likvidacijo in repatriacijo takega investiranega kapitala in kakršnega koli dobička, ki iz njega izvira. 2. Brez poseganja v druge določbe v tem sporazumu pogodbenici za transakcije na kapitalskem in finančnem računu plačilne bilance, ki niso zajete v odstavku 1, v skladu z zakoni države gostiteljice zagotovita prosto gibanje kapitala investitorjev druge pogodbenice, med drugim v zvezi s:(a)krediti, povezanimi s komercialnimi transakcijami, vključno z opravljanjem storitev, pri čemer sodeluje rezident pogodbenice;(b)finančnimi posojili in krediti ali(c)kapitalsko udeležbo v pravni osebi brez namena vzpostavitve ali ohranjanja trajnih gospodarskih povezav. 3. Brez poseganja v odločbe tega sporazuma pogodbenici ne uvedeta novih omejitev pretoka kapitala med rezidenti pogodbenic ter ne poostrita obstoječih ureditev. 4. Pogodbenici se lahko posvetujeta, da omogočita lažji pretok kapitala med njima za spodbujanje doseganja ciljev tega sporazuma. Člen 8. 3IzjemePod pogojem da se taki ukrepi ne uporabljajo na način, ki bi pomenil sredstvo za samovoljno ali neupravičeno diskriminacijo med državami, v katerih prevladajo podobni pogoji, ali prikrito omejevanje pretoka kapitala, se nobena določba tega poglavja ne razlaga tako, da bi se pogodbenicama preprečilo sprejemanje ali izvrševanje ukrepov:(a)ki so potrebni za zaščito javne varnosti in javne morale ali za ohranjanje javnega reda in miru ali(b)ki so potrebni za zagotavljanje skladnosti z zakoni ali predpisi, ki niso neskladni z določbami tega poglavja, vključno s tistimi, ki se nanašajo na:(i)Preprečevanje kriminalnih ali kaznivih dejanj, varljivega in goljufivega ravnanja ali obravnavanje posledic neizpolnjevanja obveznosti iz pogodb (stečaj, nesolventnost in zaščita pravice upnikov);(ii)ukrepe, ki se sprejmejo ali ohranijo za zagotavljanje neoporečnosti in stabilnosti finančnega sistema pogodbenice;(iii)izdajanje vrednostnih papirjev, opcij, terminskih poslov ali drugih izvedenih finančnih instrumentov ali trgovanje z njimi;(iv)finančni nadzor ali vodenje evidence prenosov, ko organi za izvrševanje zakona ali finančno regulativni organi potrebujejo pomoč, ali(v)zagotavljanje skladnosti z odredbami ali sodbami v sodnih ali upravnih postopkih. Člen 8. 4Zaščitni ukrepi1. Kadar plačila in pretok kapitala med pogodbenicama v izjemnih okoliščinah povzročijo ali obstaja tveganje, da povzročijo resne težave za delovanje denarne ali tečajne politikeResne težave za delovanje denarne ali tečajne politike vključujejo resne plačilnobilančne ali zunanje finančne težave, vendar niso omejene nanje, zaščitni ukrepi iz tega člena pa se ne uporabljajo za tuje neposredne naložbe. v Koreji ali eni ali več državah članicah Evropske unije, lahko zadevna pogodbenicaEvropska skupnost ali države članice Evropske unije ali Koreja. sprejme nujno potrebneZaščitne ukrepe iz tega člena je zlasti treba uporabiti tako, da:(a)njihov namen ni zaplemba;(b)ne pomenijo dvojnih ali večvrstnih deviznih tečajev;(c)kako drugače ne vplivajo na zmožnost investitorjev, da zaslužijo tržno donosnost na ozemlju pogodbenice, ki je sprejela zaščitne ukrepe za vezano premoženje;(d)se izogibajo nepotrebnemu oškodovanju komercialnih, gospodarskih ali finančnih interesov druge pogodbenice;(e)so začasni in se postopoma odpravijo, ko se izboljša situacija, zaradi katere se taki ukrepi uvedejo, ter(f)jih organi, pristojni za devizno politiko, nemudoma objavijo. zaščitne ukrepe v zvezi s pretokom kapitala za obdobje največ šest mesecevDokler še vedno obstajajo okoliščine, ki so prisotne v času prvotnega sprejetja zaščitnih ukrepov ali kakršnega koli enakovrednega instrumenta, lahko zadevna pogodbenica uporabo zaščitnih ukrepov enkrat podaljša za nadaljnjih šest mesecev. Če pa pogodbenica zaradi izredno izjemnih okoliščin zahteva nadaljnje podaljšanje uporabe zaščitnih ukrepov, se z drugo pogodbenico vnaprej dogovori o izvajanju vsakršnega predlaganega podaljšanja. 2. Odbor za trgovino je nemudoma obveščen o sprejetju kakršnega koli zaščitnega ukrepa, čim prej pa tudi o časovnem načrtu za njegovo odpravo. POGLAVJE DEVETJAVNA NAROČILAČlen 9. 1Splošne določbe1. Pogodbenici ponovno potrjujeta svoje pravice in obveznosti v okviru Sporazuma o javnih naročilih iz Priloge 4 k Sporazumu WTO (v nadaljnjem besedilu: GPA 1994) in svoje interese pri nadaljnji razširitvi priložnosti za dvostransko trgovino na trgu vsake pogodbenice za javna naročila. 2. Pogodbenici priznavata svoje skupne interese pri spodbujanju mednarodne liberalizacije trgov za javna naročila v okviru mednarodnega trgovinskega sistema, ki temelji na pravilih. Pogodbenici še naprej sodelujeta pri pregledu v okviru člena XXVI:7 GPA 1994 ter na drugih ustreznih mednarodnih forumih. 3. Nobena določba tega poglavja se ne razlaga tako, da odstopa od pravic ali obveznosti katere koli pogodbenice iz GPA 1994 ali sporazuma, ki ga nadomešča. 4. Pogodbenici za vsa naročila, zajeta v tem poglavju, uporabljata začasno dogovorjeno revidirano besedilo GPAIz dokumenta STO negs 268 (št. [1]. 8274) z dne 19. novembra 2007). (v nadaljnjem besedilu: revidiran GPA), razen:(a)najugodnejše obravnave blaga, storitev in ponudnikov katere koli druge pogodbenice (pododstavek 1(b) in odstavek 2 člena IV revidiranega GPA);(b)posebne in pristranske obravnave držav v razvoju (člen V revidiranega GPA);(c)pogojev za sodelovanje (odstavek 2 člena VIII revidiranega GPA), ki se nadomestijo z naslednjim: za sodelovanje ponudnika pogodbenice pri naročilu ali za sklenitev pogodbe z njim ne uvedeta pogoja, da mora naročnik druge pogodbenice že prej imeti sklenjeno eno ali več pogodb s ponudnikom ali da mora ponudnik imeti predhodne delovne izkušnje na ozemlju navedene pogodbenice, razen ko so predhodne delovne izkušnje bistvene za izpolnitev zahtev naročil;(d)institucij (člen XXI revidiranega GPA) ter(e)končnih določb (člen XXII revidiranega GPA). 5. Za namene izvajanja revidiranega GPA v skladu z odstavkom 4:(a)sporazum v revidiranem GPA pomeni poglavje, razen držav, ki niso pogodbenice tega sporazuma, ki pomenijo nepogodbenice, in pogodbenica sporazuma, ki pomeni pogodbenica;(b)druge pogodbenice v revidiranem GPA pomenijo druga pogodbenica ter(c)odbor v revidiranem GPA pomeni delovna skupina. Člen 9. 2Področje in obseg uporabe1. Naročila, zajeta v tem poglavju, so vsa naročila, zajeta v prilogah obeh pogodbenic k GPA 1994 in vsakršni opombi k tem prilogam, vključno z njihovimi spremembami ali nadomestitvami. 2. V tem sporazumu se za pogodbe po modelu zgradi-upravljaj-prenesi in koncesije za javne gradnje, kot so opredeljene v Prilogi 9, uporablja Priloga 9. Člen 9. 3Delovna skupina za javna naročilaDelovna skupina za javna naročila, ustanovljena v skladu s členom 15. 3. 1 (Delovne skupine), se po vzajemnem dogovoru ali na zahtevo pogodbenice sestane:(a)da obravnava vprašanja v zvezi z javnimi naročili in pogodbami po modelu zgradi-upravljaj-prenesi ali koncesijami za javne gradnje, ki jih nanjo naslovi pogodbenica;(b)da izmenja informacije o možnostih za javna naročila in pogodbe po modelu zgradi-upravljaj-prenesi ali koncesije za javne gradnje v obeh pogodbenicah ter(c)da razpravlja o kakršnih koli drugih vprašanjih, ki so povezana z izvajanjem tega poglavja. POGLAVJE DESETINTELEKTUALNA LASTNINAODDELEK ASplošne določbeČlen 10. 1CiljiCilja tega poglavja sta:(a)olajšati proizvodnjo in komercializacijo inovativnih in ustvarjalnih izdelkov v pogodbenicah ter(b)dosegati ustrezno in učinkovito raven varstva in uveljavljanja pravic intelektualne lastnine. Člen 10. 2Narava in področje uporabe obveznosti1. Pogodbenici zagotovita ustrezno in učinkovito izvajanje mednarodnih pogodb v zvezi z intelektualno lastnino, katerih podpisnice so, in Sporazuma o trgovinskih vidikih pravic intelektualne lastnine, vključenega v Prilogo 1C k Sporazumu WTO (v nadaljnjem besedilu: Sporazum TRIPs). Določbe tega poglavja dopolnjujejo in opredeljujejo pravice in obveznosti med pogodbenicama v skladu s Sporazumom TRIPs. 2. V tem sporazumu intelektualna lastnina vključuje:(a)avtorske pravice, vključno z avtorskimi pravicami za računalniške programe in podatkovne zbirke, in sorodne pravice;(b)pravice v zvezi s patenti;(c)blagovne znamke;(d)storitvene znamke;(e)vzorce in modele;(f)topografije integriranih vezij;(g)geografske označbe;(h)sorte rastlin ter(i)varstvo nerazkritih informacij. 3. Varstvo intelektualne lastnine vključuje varstvo pred nelojalno konkurenco iz člena 10 a Pariške konvencije za varstvo industrijske lastnine (1967) (v nadaljnjem besedilu: Pariška konvencija). Člen 10. 3Prenos tehnologije1. Pogodbenici se strinjata, da si bosta izmenjevali stališča in informacije o svojih praksah in politikah, ki vplivajo na prenos tehnologije, na svojih posameznih ozemljih in s tretjimi državami. To zlasti vključuje ukrepe za olajšanje pretoka informacij, poslovnih partnerstev, izdaje licenc in sklepanja pogodb s podizvajalci. Posebna pozornost se nameni pogojem, potrebnim za ustvarjanje ustreznih ugodnih razmer za prenos tehnologije v državah gostiteljicah, med drugim vključno z vprašanji, kot sta razvoj človeškega kapitala in oblikovanje pravnega okvira. 2. Vsaka pogodbenica po potrebi sprejme ukrepe za preprečitev ali nadzor prakse izdajanja licenc ali pogojev zanj, ki se nanašajo na pravice intelektualne lastnine, ki lahko negativno vplivajo na mednarodni prenos tehnologije in pomenijo zlorabo pravic intelektualne lastnine s strani nosilcev pravic. Člen 10. 4IzčrpanjePogodbenici lahko sami vzpostavita lastne režime za izčrpanje pravic intelektualne lastnine. ODDELEK BStandardi glede pravic intelektualne lastninePododdelek AAvtorske in sorodne praviceČlen 10. 5Zagotovljeno varstvoPogodbenici izpolnjujeta:(a)člene od 1 do 22 Mednarodne konvencije za varstvo izvajalcev, proizvajalcev fonogramov in radiodifuznih organizacij (1961) (v nadaljnjem besedilu: Rimska konvencija);(b)člene od 1 do 18 Bernske konvencije za varstvo književnih in umetniških del (1971) (v nadaljnjem besedilu: Bernska konvencija);(c)člene od 1 do 14 Pogodbe Svetovne organizacije za intelektualno lastnino (v nadaljnjem besedilu: WIPO) o avtorskih pravicah (1996) (v nadaljnjem besedilu: WCT) ter(d)člene od 1 do 23 Pogodbe WIPO o izvedbah in fonogramih (1996) (v nadaljnjem besedilu: WPPT). Člen 10. 6Veljavnost pravic avtorjevVsaka pogodbenica zagotovi, da kadar se obdobje varstva dela izračuna na podlagi življenja fizične osebe, obdobje ni krajše od življenjske dobe avtorja in 70 let po avtorjevi smrti. Člen 10. 7Organizacije razširjanja medijskih vsebin1. Obdobje veljavnosti pravic organizacij razširjanja medijskih vsebin ni krajše od 50 let od prvega oddajanja programov, ne glede na to, ali je to oddajanje žično ali brezžično, tudi po kablu ali prek satelita. 2. Pogodbenici ne smeta dovoliti nadaljnjega prenosa televizijskih signalov (ne glede na to, ali gre za prizemni, kabelski ali satelitski prenos) po internetu, ne da bi nosilec ali nosilci pravic, če obstajajo, odobrili vsebino signala in signalV tem odstavku prenos znotraj ozemlja pogodbenice prek zaprtega in opredeljenega naročniškega omrežja, ki ni dostopno zunaj ozemlja pogodbenice, ne pomeni nadaljnjega prenosa po internetu. Člen 10. 8Sodelovanje na področju kolektivnega upravljanja pravicPogodbenici si prizadevata olajšati sklenitev dogovorov med njunimi posameznimi kolektivnimi organizacijami za namene vzajemnega zagotavljanja lažjega dostopa do vsebin in njihovega razširjanja med pogodbenicama ter vzajemnega prenosa licenčnin za uporabo del ali vsebin pogodbenic, ki so zaščitene z avtorskimi pravicami. Pogodbenici si prizadevata doseči visoko raven racionalizacije in izboljšati preglednost izvajanja nalog njunih posameznih kolektivnih organizacij. Člen 10. 9Razširjanje medijskih vsebin in predvajanje javnosti1. V tem členu:(a)razširjanje medijskih vsebin pomeni brezžični prenos zvoka ali slike in zvoka ali njunih nadomestkov, namenjeno javnosti; tak prenos prek satelita prav tako pomeni razširjanje medijskih vsebin; prenos kodiranih signalov je razširjanje medijskih vsebin, kadar organizacije razširjanja medijskih vsebin javnosti zagotovijo sredstva za dekodiranje ali so ta sredstva zagotovljena z njenim soglasjem, ter(b)predvajanje javnosti pomeni prenos zvoka izvedbe ali zvoka oziroma nadomestka zvoka, posnetega na fonogramu, ki je namenjeno javnosti, na kateri koli način, razen razširjanja medijskih vsebin. V odstavku 5 predvajanje javnosti vključuje tudi, da se javnosti omogoči, da sliši zvok ali nadomestke zvoka, posnetega na fonogram. 2. Vsaka pogodbenica izvajalcem zagotovi izključno pravico, da odobrijo ali prepovejo brezžično razširjanje medijskih vsebin in predvajanje javnosti njihovih izvedb, razen kadar gre samo po sebi za takšno izvedbo ali kadar je narejena po posnetku. 3. Vsaka pogodbenica izvajalcem in proizvajalcem fonogramov zagotovi pravico do enkratnega pravičnega nadomestila, če se fonogram, objavljen za komercialne namene, ali reprodukcija takega fonograma uporablja za brezžično razširjanje medijskih vsebin ali za kakršno koli predvajanje javnosti. 4. Vsaka pogodbenica v svoji zakonodaji določi, da enkratno primerno nadomestilo od uporabnika zahtevajo izvajalci in/ali proizvajalci fonogramov. Pogodbenici lahko uveljavita zakonodajo, ki v primeru odsotnosti dogovora med izvajalci in proizvajalci fonogramov, določi pogoje, v skladu s katerimi si izvajalci in proizvajalci fonogramov razdelijo enkratno pravično nadomestilo. 5. Vsaka pogodbenica organizacijam razširjanja medijskih vsebin zagotovi izključno pravico, da odobrijo ali prepovejo:(a)nadaljnjo razširjanje njihovih programov;(b)posnetek njihovega razširjanja ter(c)predvajanje javnosti njihovih televizijskih programov, če do tega predvajanja pride na javno dostopnih krajih ob plačilu vstopnine. Pogoje za uveljavljanje te pravice določa nacionalna zakonodaja države, v kateri se zahteva zaščita te pravice. Člen 10. 10Sledna pravica umetnikov pri umetniških delihPogodbenici soglašata, da si bosta izmenjevali stališča in informacije o praksah in politikah v zvezi s sledno pravico umetnikov. Pogodbenici v dveh letih po začetku veljavnosti tega sporazuma začneta posvetovanja za pregled zaželenosti in izvedljivosti uvedbe sledne pravice umetnikov pri umetniških delih v Koreji. Člen 10. 11Omejitve in izjemePogodbenici lahko v svoji zakonodaji določita omejitve ali izjeme glede pravic, odobrenih nosilcem pravic iz členov od 10. 5 do 10. 10 v nekaterih posebnih primerih, ki niso v nasprotju z običajno uporabo dela in ne posegajo nerazumno v zakonite interese nosilcev pravic. Člen 10. 12Zaščita tehnoloških ukrepov1. Vsaka pogodbenica določi ustrezno pravno varstvo proti izogibanju veljavnim tehnološkim ukrepom, kadar se oseba, ki se tem ukrepom izogiba, zaveda ali pa lahko iz utemeljenih razlogov sklepa, da to počne. 2. Vsaka pogodbenica zagotovi ustrezno pravno zaščito proti proizvodnji, uvozu, distribuciji, prodaji, najemu, oglaševanju za prodajo ali najem ali lasti za komercialne namene naprav, izdelkov ali komponent oziroma izvajanju storitev, ki:(a)se javno predstavljajo, oglašujejo ali tržijo za namene izogibanja;(b)imajo le omejen komercialni pomen ali uporabo, razen izogibanja, ali(c)so zlasti načrtovani, izdelani, prirejeni ali se izvajajo za namene omogočanja ali olajševanja izogibanjaveljavnih tehničnih ukrepov. 3. V tem sporazumu tehnološki ukrep pomeni vsakršno tehnologijo, napravo ali komponento, ki je ob običajnem obratovanju namenjena preprečevanju ali omejevanju dejanj v zvezi z deli ali drugimi vsebinami, ki jih ni odobril nosilec avtorske ali katere koli sorodne pravice, kot je določeno v zakonodaji vsake pogodbenice. Tehnološki ukrepi se štejejo za veljavne, kadar uporabo zaščitenega dela ali drugih vsebin nadzorujejo nosilci pravic z nadzorom dostopa ali varnostnim postopkom, kot so kodiranje, šifriranje ali druge transformacije dela oziroma vsebine, ali z mehanizmom za nadzor kopiranja, ki doseže cilj zaščite. 4. Vsaka pogodbenica lahko določi izjeme in omejitve za ukrepe za izvajanje odstavkov 1 in 2 v skladu z njunima posameznima zakonodajama in zadevnimi mednarodnimi sporazumi iz člena 10. 5. Člen 10. 13Varstvo podatkov za upravljanje pravic1. Vsaka pogodbenica zagotovi ustrezno pravno varstvo proti vsaki osebi, ki zavestno nepooblaščeno izvaja katero koli od naslednjih dejanj:(a)odstranitev ali sprememba katerega koli elektronskega podatka za upravljanje pravic ali(b)distribucija, uvoz za distribuiranje, razširjanje medijskih vsebin, predvajanje javnosti ali dajanje na voljo javnosti del ali drugih vsebin, zaščitenih v skladu s tem sporazumom, s katerih so bili nepooblaščeno odstranjeni ali na katerih so bili nepooblaščeno spremenjeni elektronski podatki za upravljanje pravic,če se taka oseba zaveda oziroma če obstaja utemeljen razlog, da se zaveda, da s takim ravnanjem povzroči, omogoči, olajša ali prikrije kršitev avtorske ali sorodne pravice, kot je določeno z zakonom zadevne pogodbenice. 2. V tem sporazum podatki za upravljanje pravic pomenijo vsakršne podatke, ki jih predloži nosilec pravic, ki opredeli delo ali druge vsebine iz tega sporazuma, avtorja ali katerega koli drugega nosilca pravic, ali podatke o pogojih uporabe dela ali druge vsebine ter kakršne koli številke ali kode, ki predstavljajo take podatke. 3. Odstavek 2 se uporablja, ko je kateri koli od teh podatkov povezan s kopijo dela ali drugih vsebin iz tega sporazuma ali pa se zdi, da je povezan s predvajanjem teh del ali vsebin javnosti. Člen 10. 14Prehodna določbaKoreja v celoti izpolni obveznosti iz členov 10. 6 in 10. 7 v dveh letih od začetka veljavnosti tega sporazuma. Pododdelek BBlagovne znamkeČlen 10. 15Postopek registracijeEvropska unija in Koreja zagotovita sistem registracije blagovnih znamk, v okviru katerega se pisno sporočijo razlogi za zavrnitev registracije blagovne znamke in se lahko v elektronski obliki predložijo vlagatelju, ki ima priložnost izpodbijati tako zavrnitev in se pritožiti na sodišču zoper dokončno zavrnitev. Evropska unija in Koreja za zainteresirane strani uvedeta možnost, da nasprotujejo zahtevkom za registracijo blagovnih znamk. Evropska unija in Koreja zagotovita javno dostopno elektronsko podatkovno bazo zahtevkov za registracijo blagovnih znamk in njihovih registracij. Člen 10. 16Mednarodni sporazumiEvropska unija in Koreja ravnata v skladu s Pogodbo o pravu znamk (1994) in si razumno prizadevata ravnati v skladu s Singapursko pogodbo o pravu blagovnih znamk (2006). Člen 10. 17Izjeme glede pravic, dodeljenih z blagovno znamkoVsaka pogodbenica zagotovi pravično uporabo opisnih pogojev kot omejene izjeme glede pravic, dodeljenih z blagovno znamko, in lahko zagotovi druge omejene izjeme, če se pri omejenih izjemah upoštevajo zakoniti interesi lastnika blagovne znamke in tretjih strani. Pododdelek CGeografske označbeGeografska označba iz tega pododdelka se nanaša na:(a)geografske označbe, označbe porekla, kakovostna vina, pridelana v določeni regiji, in namizna vina z geografsko označbo v smislu Uredbe Sveta (ES) št. 510/2006 z dne 20. marca 2006; Uredbe (ES) št. 110/2008 Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta z dne 15. januarja 2008; Uredbe Sveta (EGS) št. 1601/1991 z dne 10. junija 1991; Uredbe Sveta (ES) št. 1493/1999 z dne 17. maja 1999; in Uredbe Sveta (ES) št. 1234/2007 z dne 22. oktobra 2007 ali določb, ki te uredbe nadomeščajo, ter(b)geografske označbe, kot so zajete v korejskem zakonu o nadzoru kakovosti kmetijskih proizvodov (Agricultural Products Quality Control Act) (zakon št. 9759, 9. junij 2009) in korejskem zakonu o davku od alkoholnih pijač (Liquor Tax Act) (zakon št. 8852, 29. februar 2008). ,Zaščita geografske označbe iz tega pododdelka ne posega v druge določbe iz tega sporazuma. Člen 10. 18Priznavanje geografskih označb za kmetijske proizvode ter živila in vino1. Po preučitvi zakona o nadzoru kakovosti kmetijskih proizvodov, skupaj z njegovimi izvedbenimi pravili, če se nanaša na registracijo, nadzor in zaščito geografskih označb za kmetijske proizvode in živila v Koreji, Evropska unija ugotavlja, da ta zakonodaja izpolnjuje elemente iz odstavka 6. 2. Po preučitvi Uredbe Sveta (ES) št. 510/2006, skupaj z njenimi izvedbenimi pravili, za registracijo, nadzor in zaščito geografskih označb kmetijskih proizvodov in živil v Evropski uniji in Uredbe Sveta (ES) št. 1234/2007 o skupni vzpostavitvi trga za vino, Koreja ugotavlja, da ta zakonodaja izpolnjuje elemente iz odstavka 6. 3. Po preučitvi povzetka specifikacij kmetijskih proizvodov in živil, ki ustrezajo korejskim geografskim označbam iz Priloge 10-A in ki jih je Koreja registrirala na podlagi zakonodaje iz odstavka 1, se Evropska unija zaveže, da bo zaščitila korejske geografske označbe iz Priloge 10-A v skladu z ravnijo zaščite iz tega poglavja. 4. Po preučitvi povzetka specifikacij kmetijskih proizvodov in živil, ki ustrezajo geografskim označbam Evropske unije iz Priloge 10-A in ki jih je Evropska unija registrirala na podlagi zakonodaje iz odstavka 2, se Koreja zaveže, da bo zaščitila geografske označbe Evropske unije iz Priloge 10-A v skladu z ravnijo zaščite iz tega poglavja. 5. Odstavek 3 se uporablja za geografske označbe za vina glede na geografske označbe, dodane v skladu s členom 10. 24. 6. Evropska unija in Koreja se strinjata, da so elementi za registracijo in nadzor geografskih označb iz odstavkov 1 in 2 naslednji:(a)register geografskih označb, zaščitenih na njunih ozemljih;(b)upravni postopek, s katerim se preveri, ali geografske označbe opredeljujejo blago kot blago s poreklom iz ozemlja, regije ali kraja katere koli pogodbenice, kadar se kakovost, sloves ali druge značilnosti blaga pripisujejo zlasti geografskemu poreklu;(c)zahteva, da registrirano ime ustreza določenemu izdelku ali izdelkom, za katere je določena specifikacija, ki se lahko spremeni samo po ustreznem upravnem postopku;(d)določbe o nadzoru, ki se uporabljajo za proizvodnjo;(e)predpisi, ki določajo, da registrirano ime lahko uporablja vsak gospodarski subjekt, ki trži kmetijske proizvode ali živila, ki so v skladu z ustrezno specifikacijo, ter(f)postopek ugovora, ki omogoča upoštevanje zakonitih interesov predhodnih uporabnikov imen, ne glede na to, ali so navedena imena zaščitena kot oblika intelektualne lastnine ali ne. Člen 10. 19Priznavanje določenih geografskih označb za vinaVina v smislu tega pododstavka so proizvodi iz tarifne številke 22. 04 harmoniziranega sistema, ki:(a)so v skladu z Uredbo Sveta (ES) 1234/2007 z dne 22. oktobra 2007, Uredbo Komisije (ES) 606/2009 z dne 10. julija 2009 in Uredbo Komisije (ES) 607/2009 z dne 14. julija 2009 ali zakonodajo, ki jo nadomešča, ali(b)so v skladu s korejskim zakonom o nadzoru kakovosti kmetijskih proizvodov (Agricultural Products Quality Control Act) (zakon št. 9759, 9. junij 2009) in korejskim zakonom o davku od alkoholnih pijač (Liquor Tax Act) (zakon št. 8852, 29. februar 2008). , aromatizirana vinaAromatizirana vina v smislu tega pododstavka so proizvodi iz tarifne številke 22. 05 harmoniziranega sistema, ki:(a)so v skladu z Uredbo Sveta (EGS) št. 1601/1991 z dne 10. junija 1991 ali zakonodajo, ki jo nadomešča, ali(b)so v skladu s korejskim zakonom o nadzoru kakovosti kmetijskih proizvodov (Agricultural Products Quality Control Act) (zakon št. 9759, 9. junij 2009) in korejskim zakonom o davku od alkoholnih pijač (Liquor Tax Act) (zakon št. 8852, 29. februar 2008). in žgane pijačeŽgane pijače v smislu tega pododstavka so proizvodi iz tarifne številke 22. 08 harmoniziranega sistema, ki:(a)so v skladu z Uredbo (ES) št. 110/2008 Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta z dne 15. januarja 2008 in Uredbo Komisije (EGS) št. 1014/90 z dne 24. aprila 1990 ali zakonodajo, ki jo nadomešča, ali(b)so v skladu s korejskim zakonom o nadzoru kakovosti kmetijskih proizvodov (Agricultural Products Quality Control Act) (zakon št. 9759, 9. junij 2009) in korejskim zakonom o davku od alkoholnih pijač (Liquor Tax Act) (zakon št. 8852, 29. februar 2008). 1. Geografske označbe Evropske unije iz Priloge 10-B so v Koreji zaščitene za tiste proizvode, za katere se te geografske označbe uporabljajo v skladu z zadevnimi predpisi Evropske unije o geografskih označbah. 2. Korejske geografske označbe iz Priloge 10-B so v Evropski uniji zaščitene za tiste proizvode, za katere se te geografske označbe uporabljajo v skladu z zadevnimi korejskimi zakoni o geografskih označbah. Člen 10. 20Pravica do uporabeIme, zaščiteno v skladu s tem pododstavkom, lahko uporablja vsak gospodarski subjekt, ki trži kmetijske proizvode, živila, vina, aromatizirana vina ali žgane pijače, ki so v skladu z ustrezno specifikacijo. Člen 10. 21Obseg zaščite1. Geografske označbe iz členov 10. 18 in 10. 19 se zaščitijo pred:(a)uporabo vsakršnega sredstva pri imenovanju ali predstavitvi blaga, ki bi označevalo ali nakazovalo, da določeno blago izvira iz geografskega območja, ki ni dejanski kraj porekla, na način, ki bi zavajal javnost glede geografskega porekla blaga,(b)uporabo geografske označbe, ki blago opredeljuje kot podobno blagoZa vse blago se izraz podobno blago razlaga v skladu s členom 23. 1 Sporazuma TRIPs v zvezi z uporabo geografske označbe, ki vina opredeljuje kot vina, ki ne izvirajo iz kraja, navedenega na zadevni geografski označbi, ali ki žgane pijače opredeljuje kot žgane pijače, ki ne izvirajo iz kraja, navedenega na zadevni geografski označbi. , ki ne izvira iz kraja, navedenega na zadevni geografski označbi, tudi kadar je navedeno dejansko poreklo blaga ali pa je geografska označba uporabljena v prevodu ali prepisu ali skupaj z izrazi, kot so vrsta, tip, stil, imitacija ali podobno, ter(c)katero koli drugo uporabo, ki pomeni dejanje nelojalne konkurence v smislu člena 10a Pariške konvencije. 2. Ta sporazum ne posega v pravico oseb, da pri trgovanju uporabljajo svoje ime ali ime svojih poslovnih predhodnikov, razen kadar uporaba takega imena zavaja potrošnike. 3. V primeru enakozvočnih geografskih označb pogodbenic se zaščita odobri za vsako označbo, če se uporablja v dobri veri. Delovna skupina za geografske označbe določi praktične pogoje uporabe, pod katerimi se enakozvočne geografske označbe med seboj razlikujejo, ob upoštevanju potrebe po zagotavljanju pravične obravnave zadevnih proizvajalcev in preprečevanju zavajanja potrošnikov. Če je geografska označba, zaščitena s tem sporazumom, enakozvočna z geografsko označbo tretje države, vsaka pogodbenica določi praktične pogoje uporabe, pod katerimi se enakozvočne geografske označbe med seboj razlikujejo, ob upoštevanju potrebe po zagotavljanju pravične obravnave zadevnih proizvajalcev in preprečevanju zavajanja potrošnikov. 4. Ta sporazum Evropske unije ali Koreje v ničemer ne zavezuje, da zaščiti geografsko označbo, ki ni ali ni več zaščitena v njeni državi porekla ali se v navedeni državi ne uporablja več. 5. Zaščita geografske označbe iz tega člena ne posega v nadaljnjo uporabo blagovne znamke, za katero je bil predložen zahtevek in ki je bila registrirana ali uveljavljena z uporabo, če zadevna zakonodaja zagotavlja navedeno možnost, na ozemlju pogodbenice pred datumom zahtevka za zaščito ali priznanje geografske označbe, in če v zakonodaji zadevne pogodbenice ni razlogov za neveljavnost ali preklic blagovne znamke. Datum zahtevka za zaščito ali priznanje geografske označbe se določi v skladu s členom 10. 23. 2. Člen 10. 22Uveljavljanje zaščitePogodbenici zaščito iz členov od 10. 18 do 10. 23 uveljavita na lastno pobudo z ustreznim posegom njunih organov. Tako zaščito uveljavita tudi na zahtevo zainteresirane strani. Člen 10. 23Razmerje do blagovnih znamk1. Registracijo blagovne znamke, ki ustreza kateri koli situaciji iz člena 10. 21. 1 v zvezi z zaščiteno geografsko označbo za podobno blago, pogodbenici zavrneta ali razveljavita, če je zahtevek za registracijo blagovne znamke predložen po datumu zahtevka za zaščito ali priznanje geografske označbe na zadevnem ozemlju. 2. V odstavku 1:(a)za geografske označbe iz členov 10. 18 in 10. 19 je datum zahtevka za zaščito ali priznanje datum začetka veljavnosti tega sporazuma ter(b)za geografske označbe iz člena 10. 24 je datum zahtevka za zaščito ali priznanje datum, ko pogodbenica od druge pogodbenice prejme zahtevek za zaščito ali priznanje geografske označbe. Člen 10. 24Dodajanje geografskih označb za zaščitoČe to predlaga:(a)Koreja za proizvod s poreklom, ki je vključen v področje uporabe zakonodaje Evropske unije iz člena 10. 18. 2 in opomb člena 10. 19, ali(b)Evropska unija za proizvod s poreklom, ki je vključen v področje uporabe zakonodaje Koreje iz člena 10. 18. 1 in opomb člena 10. 19,za dodajanje imena s poreklom k temu sporazumu, ki ga je katera koli pogodbenica priznala kot geografsko označbo v smislu člena 22. 1 Sporazuma TRIPs v skladu z zakoni katere koli pogodbenice, razen tistih iz členov 10. 18. 1 in 10. 18. 2 ter opomb člena 10. 19, se pogodbenici strinjata, da bosta preučili, ali se geografska označba lahko doda k temu sporazumu v skladu s tem pododdelkom. 1. Evropska unija in Koreja se strinjata, da bosta geografske označbe, ki jih je treba zaščititi, dodali v prilogi 10-A in 10-B v skladu s postopkom iz člena 10. 25. 2. Evropska unija in Koreja se strinjata, da bosta brez nepotrebnega odlašanja preučili zahtevke druge pogodbenice za dodajanje geografskih označb, ki jih je treba zaščititi, v prilogi. 3. Ime se ne sme registrirati kot geografska označba, kadar je v nasprotju z imenom rastlinske sorte, vključno s sorto grozdja, ali živalske pasme, zaradi česar je verjetno, da bi tako ime zavedlo potrošnika glede resničnega porekla proizvoda. Člen 10. 25Delovna skupina za geografske označbe1. Delovna skupina za geografske označbe, ustanovljena v skladu s členom 15. 3. 1 (Delovne skupine), se po vzajemnem dogovoru ali na zahtevo pogodbenice sestane za namene okrepitve sodelovanja med pogodbenicama in dialoga o geografskih označbah. Delovna skupina lahko pripravlja priporočila in sprejema sklepe s soglasjem. 2. Sestanki se izmenično organizirajo v pogodbenicah. Delovna skupina se sestane ob času, na kraju in na način, ki lahko vključuje videokonferenco, ki jih skupaj določita pogodbenici, vendar najpozneje 90 dni po predložitvi zahtevka. 3. Delovna skupina se lahko odloči:(a)da spremeni prilogi 10-A in 10-B, tako da doda posamezne geografske označbe Evropske unije ali Koreje, ki jih po zaključku zadevnega postopka iz členov 10. 18. 3 in 10. 18. 4, kadar je to ustrezno, druga pogodbenica prav tako določi kot geografske označbe in so zaščitene na ozemlju navedene druge pogodbenice;(b)da spremeniTo se nanaša na spremembo geografske označbe kot take, vključno z imenom in kategorijo proizvoda. Za spremembe specifikacij iz členov 10. 18. 3 in 10. 18. 4 ali spremembe pristojnih nadzorih organov iz člena 10. 18. 6(d) je še naprej izključno pristojna pogodbenica, iz katere izvira geografska označba. Take spremembe se lahko pošljejo v vednost za informativne namene. priloge iz pododstavka (a), tako da se črtajo posamezne geografske označbe, ki niso več zaščitene v pogodbenici poreklaZa odločitev o umiku zaščite geografske označbe je še naprej izključno pristojna pogodbenica, iz katere izvira geografska označba. ali ki v skladu z veljavno zakonodajo več ne izpolnjujejo pogojev za geografsko označbo v drugi pogodbenici, ter(c)da je treba sklic na zakonodajo iz tega sporazuma upoštevati kot sklic na zakonodajo, kakor je bila spremenjena in se je nadomestila in je veljavna na določen datum po začetku veljavnosti tega sporazuma. 4. Delovna skupina prav tako poskrbi za ustrezno delovanje tega pododdelka in lahko preuči vsa vprašanja v zvezi z njegovim izvajanjem in delovanjem. Zlasti je pristojna za:(a)izmenjavo informacij o spremembah zakonodaje in politike o geografskih označbah;(b)izmenjavo informacij o posameznih geografskih označbah, da se preuči njihova zaščita v skladu s tem sporazumom, ter(c)izmenjavo informacij za optimalno izvajanje tega sporazuma. 5. Delovna skupina lahko razpravlja o vseh zadevah v skupnem interesu na področju geografskih označb. Člen 10. 26Posamezni zahtevki za zaščito geografskih označbDoločbe tega pododdelka ne posegajo v pravico do zahtevka za priznanje in zaščito geografske označbe v skladu z zadevno zakonodajo Evropske unije ali Koreje. Pododdelek DVzorci in modeliČlen 10. 27Zaščita registriranih vzorcev in modelov1. Evropska unija in Koreja zagotovita zaščito neodvisno ustvarjenih vzorcev in modelov, ki so novi in izvirni ali individualne naraveKoreja vzorce in modele ne šteje za nove, če je isti ali podoben vzorec ali model v javnosti že znan ali se uporablja pred predložitvijo zahtevka za registracijo vzorca ali modela. Koreja vzorce in modele ne šteje za izvirne, če so lahko enostavno ustvarjeni iz kombinacije vzorcev ali modelov, ki so v javnosti že znani ali se uporabljajo pred predložitvijo zahtevka za registracijo vzorca ali modela. Evropska unija vzorce in modele ne šteje za nove, če je isti vzorec ali model že na voljo javnosti pred datumom predložitve registriranega vzorca ali modela ali pred datumom razkritja neregistriranega vzorca ali modela. Evropska unija šteje, da je vzorec ali model individualne narave, če se celotni vtis, ki ga naredi na obveščenega uporabnika, razlikuje od celotnega vtisa, ki ga na takega uporabnika naredi vzorec ali model, ki je že dostopen javnosti. 2. Ta zaščita se zagotovi z registracijo, nosilcem pa zagotovi izključne pravice v skladu s tem pododdelkom. Člen 10. 28Pravice, zagotovljene z registracijoLastnik zaščitenega vzorca ali modela ima pravico tretjim stranem, ki nimajo lastnikove privolitve, preprečiti vsaj izdelavo, ponudbo za prodajo, prodajo, uvoz, izvoz ali uporabo izdelkov, ki nosijo ali vsebujejo zaščiteni vzorec ali model, ko so taka dejanja opravljena v komercialne namene, neupravičeno škodijo običajni uporabi vzorca ali modela oziroma niso skladna s prakso pravične trgovine. Člen 10. 29Varstvo, zagotovljeno z neregistrirano pojavno oblikoEvropska unija in Koreja zagotovita pravna sredstva za preprečevanje uporabe neregistrirane pojavne oblike izdelka, samo če sporna uporaba izhaja iz kopiranja neregistrirane pojavne oblike takega izdelkaV tem členu se v Evropski uniji in Koreji šteje, da imata neregistriran vzorec ali model in neregistrirana pojavna oblika podoben pomen. Pogoji za zaščito neregistriranega vzorca ali modela ali neregistrirane pojavne oblike so:(a)v Koreji določeni v zakonu o preprečevanju nelojalne konkurence in zaščiti poslovne skrivnosti (Unfair Competition Prevention and Trade Secret Protection Act) (zakon št. 8767, 21. december 2007) ter(b)v Evropski uniji določeni v Uredbi Sveta (ES) št. 6/2002 z dne 12. decembra 2001 o modelih Skupnosti, kot je bila nazadnje spremenjena z Uredbo Sveta (ES) št. 1891/2006 z dne 18. decembra 2006. Taka uporaba zajema vsaj predstavitevV tem členu se v Evropski skupnosti predstavitev šteje za ponudbo ali dajanje na trg, v Koreji pa se predstavitev šteje za prenos, najem ali izdajo za prenos ali najem. , uvoz ali izvoz blaga. Člen 10. 30Obdobje veljavnosti varstva1. Obdobje varstva, ki je na voljo v pogodbenicah po registraciji, je najmanj 15 let. 2. Obdobje varstva, ki je na voljo v Evropski unije in Koreji za neregistrirane pojavne oblike, je najmanj tri leta. Člen 10. 31Izjeme1. Evropska unija in Koreja lahko določita omejene izjeme pri varstvu vzorcev in modelov, če take izjeme niso v nerazumnem nasprotju z običajno uporabo zavarovanih vzorcev in modelov in ne posegajo nerazumno v zakonite interese lastnika zavarovanega vzorca ali modela, ob upoštevanju zakonitih interesov tretjih strani. 2. Varstvo vzorcev in modelov se ne prenese na vzorce in modele, ki jih v osnovi narekujejo tehnični ali funkcionalni vidiki. 3. Pravica v zvezi z vzorcem ali modelom ne izvira iz vzorca ali modela, ki je v nasprotju z javnim redom ali veljavnimi moralnimi načeli. Člen 10. 32Razmerje do avtorske praviceVzorec ali model, zaščiten s pravico iz vzorca ali modela, registriranega v Evropski uniji ali Koreji v skladu s tem pododdelkom, je prav tako upravičen do zaščite po zakonu o avtorskih pravicah, veljavnem na ozemlju pogodbenic, od datuma, ko je bil vzorec ali model ustvarjen ali opredeljen v kateri koli oblikiZaščita vzorca ali modela po zakonu o avtorskih pravicah ni dodeljena samodejno, temveč je odobrena samo, če vzorec ali model izpolnjuje pogoje za zaščito v skladu z zakonom o avtorskih pravicah. Pododdelek EPatentiČlen 10. 33Mednarodni sporazumPogodbenici si razumno prizadevata upoštevati člene od 1 do 16 Pogodbe o patentnem pravu (2000). Člen 10. 34Patenti in javno zdravje1. Pogodbenici priznavata pomen Deklaracije o Sporazumu TRIPs in javnem zdravju, ki je bila sprejeta 14. novembra 2001 na ministrski konferenci WTO (v nadaljnjem besedilu: Deklaracija iz Dohe). Pri razlagi in uveljavljanju pravic in obveznosti iz tega pododdelka sta pogodbenici upravičeni, da se sklicujeta na Deklaracijo iz Dohe. 2. Vsaka pogodbenica prispeva k izvajanju in upoštevanju Sklepa Generalnega sveta WTO z dne 30. avgusta 2003 o odstavku 6 Deklaracije iz Dohe in Protokola o spremembi Sporazuma TRIPs, sprejetega 6. decembra 2005 v Ženevi. Člen 10. 35Podaljšanje obdobja veljavnosti pravic, zagotovljenih z zaščito patenta1. Pogodbenici priznata, da je za farmacevtske izdelkeKot so opredeljeni v Prilogi 2–D (Farmacevtski izdelki in medicinski pripomočki). in fitofarmacevtska sredstvaFitofarmacevtska sredstva v obliki, v kateri se dobavljajo uporabniku, so sestavljena iz aktivnih snovi, varoval ali sinergistov ali jih vsebujejo, in so namenjena:(a)zaščiti rastlin ali rastlinskih proizvodov pred vsemi škodljivimi organizmi ali preprečevanju delovanja takih organizmov, razen če je glavni namen uporaba v higienske namene in ne zaščita rastlin ali rastlinskih proizvodov;(b)vplivu na življenjske procese rastlin, kot so snovi, ki vplivajo na njihovo rast, razen hranil;(c)ohranjanju rastlinskih proizvodov, če takih snovi ali sredstev ne urejajo posebne določbe Evropske skupnosti o konzervansih;(d)uničevanju nezaželenih rastlin ali delov rastlin, z izjemo alg, razen če se sredstva uporabljajo na površini tal ali vode za zaščito rastlin, ali(e)zadrževanju ali preprečevanju nezaželene rasti rastlin, z izjemo alg, razen če se sredstva uporabljajo na površini tal ali vode za zaščito rastlin. , zaščitene s patentom na njunih posameznih ozemljih, potreben postopek upravne odobritve ali registracije, preden so dana na trga pogodbenic. 2. Pogodbenici na zahtevo lastnika patenta zagotovita podaljšanje obdobja veljavnosti pravic, zagotovljene z zaščito patenta, da se lastniku patenta zagotovi nadomestilo za skrajšanje dejanske veljavnosti patenta kot rezultat prve odobritve dajanja izdelka na trga pogodbenic. Podaljšanje obdobja veljavnosti pravic, zagotovljenih z zaščito patenta, ne sme biti daljše od pet letTo ne posega v morebitno podaljšanje za pediatrično uporabo, če pogodbenici to zagotovita. Člen 10. 36Varstvo podatkov, predloženih za pridobitev dovoljenja za promet za farmacevtske izdelkeKot so opredeljeni v Prilogi 2-D (Farmacevtski izdelki in medicinski pripomočki). 1. Pogodbenici zagotovita zaupnost, nerazkritje in neuporabo podatkov, predloženih za namene pridobitve odobritve dajanja farmacevtskega izdelka na trg. 2. Pogodbenici v svoji zakonodaji zato določita, da se podatki, kot so določeni v členu 39 Sporazuma TRIPs v zvezi z varnostjo in učinkovitostjo, ki jih vlagatelj prvič predloži za pridobitev dovoljenja za promet za nove farmacevtske izdelke na ozemlju pogodbenic, ne uporabljajo za odobritev drugih dovoljenj za promet za farmacevtske izdelke, razen če je predloženo dokazilo o izrecni privolitvi nosilca dovoljenja za promet za uporabo teh podatkov. 3. Obdobje zaščite podatkov mora biti vsaj pet let od datuma prvega dovoljenja za promet, pridobljenega na ozemlju pogodbenic. Člen 10. 37Varstvo podatkov, predloženih za pridobitev dovoljenja za promet za fitofarmacevtska sredstva1. Pogodbenici določita zahteve glede varnosti in učinkovitosti pred izdajo odobritve dajanja fitofarmacevtskih sredstev na njuna trga. 2. Pogodbenici zagotovita, da preizkusov, poročil o študijah ali informacij, ki jih vlagatelj prvič predloži za pridobitev dovoljenja za promet za fitofarmacevtsko sredstvo, ne uporabljajo tretje strani ali zadevni organi v korist druge osebe, ki želi pridobiti dovoljenje za promet za fitofarmacevtsko sredstvo, razen če je predloženo dokazilo o izrecni privolitvi prvega vlagatelja v uporabo teh podatkov. To varstvo se v nadaljnjem besedilu navaja kot varstvo podatkov. 3. Obdobje varstva podatkov mora trajati vsaj 10 let od datuma prvega dovoljenja za promet na ozemlju pogodbenic. Člen 10. 38IzvajanjePogodbenici sprejmeta potrebne ukrepe za zagotovitev popolne učinkovitosti zaščite, določene v tem pododdelku, ter v ta namen aktivno sodelujeta in vzpostavita konstruktiven dialog. Pododdelek FDruge določbeČlen 10. 39Sorte rastlinVsaka pogodbenica zagotovi zaščito sort rastlin ter upošteva Mednarodno konvencijo o varstvu novih sort rastlin (1991). Člen 10. 40Genski viri, tradicionalno znanje in folklora1. Pogodbenici ob upoštevanju svoje zakonodaje spoštujeta, ohranjata in vzdržujeta znanje, inovacije in prakse avtohtonih in lokalnih skupnosti, ki poosebljajo tradicionalne načine življenja, pomembne za ohranitev in trajnostno rabo biološke raznovrstnosti, spodbujata njihovo širšo uporabo z vključevanjem in odobritvijo nosilcev takega znanja, inovacij in praks ter spodbujata pravično delitev ugodnosti, ki izhajajo iz uporabe takega znanja, inovacij in praks. 2. Pogodbenici se strinjata, da si bosta redno izmenjevali stališča in informacije o zadevnih večstranskih pogovorih:(a)v okviru WIPO o vprašanjih, ki jih obravnava Medvladni odbor za genske vire, tradicionalno znanje in folkloro;(b)v okviru WTO, o vprašanjih v zvezi z razmerjem med Sporazumom TRIPs in Konvencijo o biološki raznovrstnosti ter zaščito tradicionalnega znanja in folklore ter(c)v okviru Konvencije o biološki raznovrstnosti, o vprašanjih v zvezi z mednarodnim sistemom dostopa do genskih virov in delitve ugodnosti. 3. Po zaključku zadevnih večstranskih pogovorov iz odstavka 2 se pogodbenici strinjata, da bosta na zahtevo katere koli pogodbenice ta člen pregledali v okviru Odbora za trgovino glede na rezultate in sklepe takih večstranskih pogovorov. Odbor za trgovino lahko sprejme vsakršen sklep, ki je potreben za uveljavljanje rezultatov pregleda. ODDELEK CUveljavljanje pravic intelektualne lastnineČlen 10. 41Splošne obveznosti1. Pogodbenici ponovno potrdita svoje zaveze iz Sporazuma TRIPs, zlasti iz dela III navedenega sporazuma, in zagotovita, da so v njunih zakonodajah na voljo naslednji dopolnilni ukrepi, postopki in pravna sredstva, s čimer se omogoči učinkovito ukrepanje proti vsakršni kršitvi pravic intelektualne lastnineKot so določene v členu 10. 2. 2 od (a) do (h). , zajetih v tem sporazumu. 2. Navedeni ukrepi, postopki in pravna sredstva:(a)vključujejo hitra pravna sredstva za preprečevanje kršitev in pravna sredstva, ki odvračajo od nadaljnjih kršitev;(b)so pravični in pošteni;(c)niso po nepotrebnem zapleteni ali dragi oziroma ne postavljajo nerazumnih časovnih omejitev oziroma povzročajo neupravičenih zamud ter(d)so učinkoviti, sorazmerni in odvračilni, izvajajo pa se tako, da se prepreči nastanek ovir za zakonito trgovino in zagotovijo zaščitni ukrepi pred njihovimi zlorabami. Člen 10. 42Upravičeni vlagateljiVsaka pogodbenica za osebe, ki imajo pravico zahtevati izvedbo ukrepov, postopkov in pravnih sredstev iz tega oddelka in iz dela III Sporazuma TRIPs, priznava:(a)imetnike pravic intelektualne lastnine v skladu z določbami veljavne zakonodaje;(b)vse druge osebe, pooblaščene za uporabo navedenih pravic, zlasti imetnike licence, če je to dovoljeno in skladno z določbami veljavne zakonodaje;(c)organe za upravljanje kolektivnih pravic intelektualne lastnine, ki se jim redno priznava pravica zastopanja imetnikov pravic intelektualne lastnine, če je to dovoljeno in skladno z določbami veljavne zakonodaje, in(d)zvezo ali združenje, ki ima pravno podlago ali pooblastilo, da zahteva navedene pravice, če je to dovoljeno in skladno z določbami veljavne zakonodaje. Pododdelek ACivilni ukrepi, postopki in pravna sredstvaČlen 10. 43DokaziVsaka pogodbenica sprejme ukrepe, ki so potrebni, da se v primeru kršitve pravice intelektualne lastnine v komercialnem obsegu pristojnim sodnim organom omogoči, da po potrebi in na podlagi zahtevka ene strani odredijo predložitev bančnih, finančnih ali komercialnih dokumentov pod nadzorom nasprotne strani, ob upoštevanju varstva zaupnih podatkov. Člen 10. 44Prehodni ukrepi za zavarovanje dokazov1. Vsaka pogodbenica zagotovi, da lahko pristojni sodni organi še pred začetkom postopkov glede vsebine zadeve same na predlog strani, ki je predložila razumno razpoložljive dokaze v podporo svojim trditvam, da je bila njena pravica intelektualne lastnine kršena ali bo kršena, odredijo takojšnje in učinkovite začasne ukrepe za zavarovanje zadevnih dokazov v zvezi z domnevno kršitvijo, ob upoštevanju varstva zaupnih podatkov. 2. Vsaka pogodbenica lahko določi, da taki ukrepi vključujejo podroben opis, z odvzemom vzorcev ali brez njega, ali fizični zaseg blaga, ki je predmet kršitev, ter v ustreznih primerih materialov in pripomočkov, ki se uporabljajo pri proizvodnji ali distribuciji tega blaga, in dokumentov, ki se nanje nanašajo. Navedeni ukrepi se, po potrebi brez zaslišanja druge strani, sprejmejo zlasti, kadar bi lahko bila zaradi kakršnega koli odlašanja povzročena nepopravljiva škoda za imetnika pravice ali kadar obstaja očitno tveganje, da bodo dokazi uničeni. Člen 10. 45Pravica do informacij1. Vsaka pogodbenica zagotovi, da lahko pristojni sodni organi v civilnih postopkih glede kršitve pravice intelektualne lastnine in kot odgovor na utemeljeno in sorazmerno zahtevo tožnika odredijo, da kršitelj in/ali katera koli druga oseba, ki je udeležena ali je priča v sodnem sporu, predloži informacije o poreklu in distribucijskih omrežjih blaga ali storitev, ki kršijo pravico intelektualne lastnine. (a)Katera koli druga oseba v tem odstavku pomeni osebo:(i)za katero se ugotovi, da ima v lasti blago, ki je predmet kršitev, v komercialnem obsegu;(ii)za katero se ugotovi, da uporablja blago, ki je predmet kršitev, v komercialnem obsegu;(iii)za katero se ugotovi, da v komercialnem obsegu opravlja storitve, ki se uporabljajo pri dejavnostih, ki so predmet kršitve, ali(iv)za katero je oseba iz tega pododstavka navedla, da sodeluje pri proizvodnji, izdelavi ali distribuciji blaga oziroma opravljanju storitev. (b)Informacije zajemajo, kot je ustrezno:(i)imena in naslove proizvajalcev, izdelovalcev, distributerjev, ponudnikov in drugih predhodnih imetnikov blaga ali storitev ter predvidenih trgovcev na debelo in drobno ali(ii)informacije o proizvedenih, izdelanih, dobavljenih, prejetih ali naročenih količinah ter ceni za zadevno blago ali storitve. 2. Ta člen se uporablja brez poseganja v druge statutarne določbe, ki:(a)nosilcu pravice zagotavljajo pravice do prejemanja popolnejših informacij;(b)urejajo uporabo informacij, sporočenih v skladu s tem členom, v civilnem ali kazenskem postopku;(c)urejajo odgovornost za zlorabo pravice do informiranosti;(d)dajejo možnost za zavrnitev predložitve informacij, ki bi osebo iz odstavka 1 prisilile k priznanju lastnega sodelovanja ali sodelovanja njenih bližjih sorodnikov pri kršitvi pravice intelektualne lastnine, ali(e)urejajo varstvo zaupnosti virov informacij oziroma obdelavo osebnih podatkov. Člen 10. 46Začasni in previdnostni ukrepi1. Vsaka pogodbenica zagotovi, da lahko sodni organi na zahtevo vlagatelja izdajo začasno odredbo, katere namen je preprečiti morebitno neizbežno kršitev pravice intelektualne lastnine ali začasno in, kadar je to primerno, ob uvedbi periodične denarne kazni, kadar to določa njena zakonodaja, prepovedati nadaljevanje domnevnih kršitev navedene pravice ali tako nadaljevanje pogojiti z vložitvijo jamstva, katerega namen je zagotoviti nadomestilo za nosilca pravice. Začasna odredba se lahko izda tudi zoper posrednikaV tem odstavku je obseg posrednika določen v zakonodaji vsake pogodbenice, vendar vključuje tiste, ki dostavljajo ali distribuirajo blago, ki je predmet kršitve, in kadar je to primerno, vključujejo tudi ponudnike spletnih storitev. , čigar storitve uporablja tretja stran in s tem krši avtorske pravice in sorodne pravice, blagovne znamke ali geografske označbe. 2. Začasna odredba se lahko izda tudi za zaseg blaga, za katerega se domneva, da krši pravico intelektualne lastnine, s čimer se prepreči vstop tega blaga na trgovinske poti oziroma njegov pretok po njih. 3. V primeru kršitve v komercialnem obsegu vsaka pogodbenica zagotovi, da če vlagatelj dokaže, da utegnejo okoliščine ogroziti povračilo škode, lahko sodni organi odredijo preventivni zaseg premičnin in nepremičnin domnevnega kršitelja, vključno z blokiranjem njegovih bančnih računov in drugega premoženja. Člen 10. 47Popravni ukrepi1. Vsaka pogodbenica zagotovi, da lahko pristojni sodni organi na zahtevo vlagatelja in brez poseganja v morebitno odškodnino za nosilca pravice zaradi kršitve in brez kakršnega koli nadomestila odredijo uničenje blaga, za katero ugotovijo, da krši pravico intelektualne lastnine, ali katere koli druge ukrepe za dokončno odstranitev navedenega blaga iz trgovinskih poti. Če je primerno, pristojni sodni organi prav tako lahko odredijo uničenje materialov in pripomočkov, uporabljenih zlasti za oblikovanje ali izdelavo navedenega blaga. 2. Sodni organi odredijo, da se navedeni ukrepi izvedejo na stroške kršitelja, razen če ni posebnih razlogov proti temu. 3. Pri obravnavanju zahteve za popravne ukrepe se upoštevajo sorazmernost med resnostjo kršitve in odrejenimi pravnimi sredstvi ter interesi tretjih strani. Člen 10. 48Sodne odredbe1. Vsaka pogodbenica zagotovi, da kadar se sprejme sodba, ki ugotavlja kršitev pravice intelektualne lastnine, lahko sodni organi zoper kršitelja izdajo sodno odredbo, katere cilj je prepoved nadaljevanja kršitve. 2. Kadar to določa zakonodaja, se za neupoštevanje sodne odredbe, kadar je to primerno, uvede periodična denarna kazen, da se zagotovi upoštevanje odredbe. Vsaka pogodbenica zagotovi, da nosilci pravic lahko zahtevajo sodno odredbo zoper posrednikaV tem odstavku je obseg posrednika določen v zakonodaji vsake pogodbenice, vendar vključuje tiste, ki dostavljajo ali distribuirajo blago, ki je predmet kršitve, in kadar je to primerno, vključujejo tudi ponudnike spletnih storitev. , čigar storitve uporablja tretja stran in s tem krši avtorske in sorodne pravice, blagovne znamke ali geografske označbe. Člen 10. 49Alternativni ukrepiVsaka pogodbenica lahko določi, da pristojni sodni organi v ustreznih primerih in na zahtevo osebe, ki bi lahko bila predmet ukrepov iz člena 10. 47 ali 10. 48, lahko namesto izvedbe ukrepov iz člena 10. 47 ali 10. 48 odredijo plačilo denarnega nadomestila oškodovani strani, če ta oseba ni ravnala namerno in iz malomarnosti, če bi ji izvedba zadevnih ukrepov povzročila nesorazmerno škodo in če se oškodovani strani denarno nadomestilo zdi razumno zadovoljivo. Člen 10. 50Odškodnina1. Vsaka pogodbenica zagotovi, da sodni organi pri določanju odškodnine:(a)upoštevajo vse ustrezne vidike, kot so negativne ekonomske posledice, vključno z izgubljenim dobičkom, ki ga je utrpela oškodovana stran, morebitnim nepoštenim dobičkom, ki ga je ustvaril kršitelj, in v ustreznih primerih vključno z drugimi elementi, razen ekonomskih dejavnikov, kot je nepremoženjska škoda, ki je nosilcu pravice povzročena s kršitvijo, ali(b)lahko kot drugo možnost za pododstavek (a) v ustreznih primerih določijo odškodnino kot enkraten znesek na podlagi elementov, kot je najmanj znesek licenčnin ali pristojbin, ki bi jih dolgovali, če bi kršitelj zahteval dovoljenje za uporabo zadevne pravice intelektualne lastnine. 2. Kadar se je kršitelj nevede ukvarjal z dejavnostmi, ki so predmet kršitve, ali ni imel utemeljenih razlogov, da bi to vedel, lahko pogodbenici določita, da lahko sodni organi odredijo vračilo dobička ali plačilo odškodnine, ki je lahko določena vnaprej. 3. V civilnih sodnih postopkih vsaka pogodbenica, vsaj v zvezi z deli, fonogrami in izvedbami, zaščitenimi z avtorskimi ali sorodnimi pravicami, ter v primerih ponarejanja blagovnih znamk, lahko določi ali ohrani vnaprej določeno odškodnino, ki jo nosilec pravice lahko zahteva. Člen 10. 51Pravni stroškiVsaka pogodbenica zagotovi, da utemeljene in sorazmerne pravne stroške ter druge izdatke uspešne strani načeloma krije neuspešna stran, razen če načela pravičnosti tega ne dovolijo. Člen 10. 52Objava sodnih odločbV primerih kršitve pravice intelektualne lastnine vsaka pogodbenica zagotovi, da lahko sodni organi na zahtevo vlagatelja in na stroške kršitelja odredijo, kadar je to primerno, ustrezne ukrepe za širjenje informacij v zvezi s sodbo, vključno z razkritjem sodbe in njeno celotno ali delno objavo. Vsaka pogodbenica lahko določi tudi druge dodatne ukrepe obveščanja javnosti, ki so ustrezni v posebnih okoliščinah, vključno z vidnim oglaševanjem. Člen 10. 53Domneva o avtorstvu ali lastništvuV civilnih postopkih, ki vključujejo avtorske ali sorodne pravice, vsaka pogodbenica domneva, da je oseba ali subjekt, katerega ime je na običajen način navedeno kot ime avtorja ali sorodnega nosilca pravic dela ali vsebine, opredeljeni nosilec pravic takega dela ali vsebine. Pododdelek BIzvrševanje kazensko pravnih ukrepovČlen 10. 54Področje uporabe izvrševanja kazensko pravnih ukrepovVsaka pogodbenica zagotovi kazenske postopke in kazni, ki se uporabljajo vsaj pri zavestnem ponarejanju blagovnih znamk ali piratstvu avtorskih in sorodnih pravicVsaka pogodbenica opredeli izraz sorodne pravice v skladu s svojimi mednarodnimi obveznostmi. v komercialnem obsegu. Člen 10. 55Ponarejanje geografskih označb in vzorcev ali modelovVsaka pogodbenica na podlagi svojih nacionalnih ali ustavnih zakonov in predpisov preuči sprejetje ukrepov za ugotovitev kriminalne odgovornosti za ponarejanje geografskih označb in vzorcev ali modelov. Člen 10. 56Odgovornost pravnih oseb1. Vsaka pogodbenica v skladu s svojimi pravnimi načeli sprejme take ukrepe, ki so potrebni za ugotovitev odgovornosti pravnih oseb za kazniva dejanja iz člena 10. 54. 2. Taka odgovornost ne posega v kriminalno odgovornost fizičnih oseb, ki so storile kazniva dejanja. Člen 10. 57Pomoč pri kaznivem dejanjuDoločbe tega pododdelka se uporabljajo za pomoč pri kaznivih dejanjih iz člena 10. 54. Člen 10. 58ZasegV primeru kaznivega dejanja iz člena 10. 54 vsaka pogodbenica zagotovi, da so njeni pristojni organi pooblaščeni, da odredijo zaseg blaga z domnevno ponarejeno blagovno znamko ali piratskimi avtorskimi pravicami, vsakršnega povezanega materiala in pripomočkov, uporabljenih zlasti pri storitvi domnevnega kaznivega dejanja, dokumentarna dokazila v zvezi z domnevnim kaznivim dejanjem in vsakršnega premoženja, ki izhaja iz kršitve ali pa je z njo neposredno ali posredno pridobljeno. Člen 10. 59KazniVsaka pogodbenica za kazniva dejanja iz člena 10. 54 določi kazni, ki vključujejo zaporne in/ali denarne kazni, ki so učinkovite, sorazmerne in odvračilne. Člen 10. 60Zaplemba1. Za kazniva dejanja iz člena 10. 54 vsaka pogodbenica zagotovi, da so njeni pristojni organi pooblaščeni za odredbo zaplembe in/ali uničenja vsega blaga s ponarejeno blagovno znamko ali piratskimi avtorskimi pravicami, materiala in pripomočkov, uporabljenih zlasti pri oblikovanju blaga s ponarejeno blagovno znamko ali piratskimi avtorskim pravicami, in premoženja, ki izhaja iz kršitve ali pa je z njo neposredno ali posredno pridobljeno. 2. Vsaka pogodbenica določi, da se blago s ponarejeno blagovno znamko in blago s piratskimi avtorskimi pravicami, ki je bilo zaplenjeno v skladu s tem členom, če ni bilo uničeno, odstrani iz trgovinskih tokov pod pogojem da blago ne ogroža zdravja in varnosti oseb. 3. Vsaka pogodbenica nadalje določi, da se obtožencu v primeru zaplembe in uničenja iz tega člena ne zagotovi nadomestilo v nobeni obliki. 4. Vsaka pogodbenica lahko določi, da so njeni sodni organi pooblaščeni za odredbo zaplembe premoženja, katerega vrednost ustreza vrednosti premoženja, ki izhaja iz kršitve ali pa je z njo neposredno ali posredno pridobljeno. Člen 10. 61Pravice tretjih osebVsaka pogodbenica zagotovi, da so pravice tretjih oseb ustrezno zaščitene in zagotovljene. Pododdelek COdgovornost ponudnikov spletnih storitevČlen 10. 62Odgovornost ponudnikov spletnih storitevZa namene funkcije iz člena 10. 63 ponudnik storitev pomeni ponudnika prenosa, preusmerjanja ali povezav za digitalne spletne komunikacije brez spremembe njihove vsebine med točkami, ki jih določi uporabnik, in iz materiala po želji uporabnika, za namene funkcij iz členov 10. 64 in 10. 65 pa ponudnik storitev pomeni ponudnik ali upravljalec aplikacij za spletne storitve ali omrežni dostop. Pogodbenici priznavata, da tretje strani lahko uporabijo storitve posrednikov za namene kršitev. Pogodbenici za zagotovitev prostega pretoka informacijskih storitev in hkrati uveljavitev pravic intelektualne lastnine v digitalnem okolju zagotovita ukrepe iz členov od 10. 63 do 10. 66 za posredne ponudnike storitev, kadar niso na nikakršen način povezani s prenesenimi informacijami. Člen 10. 63Odgovornost ponudnikov spletnih storitev: izključni prenos podatkov1. Kadar se storitev informacijske družbe nanaša na prenos informacij, ki jih zagotovi prejemnik storitve, v komunikacijskem omrežju ali na dostop do komunikacijskega omrežja, pogodbenici zagotovita, da ponudnik storitve ni odgovoren za poslane informacije, pod pogojem da ponudnik:(a)ne začne prenosa podatkov;(b)ne izbere prejemnika prenosa ter(c)ne izbere ali spremeni informacij iz prenosa. 2. Prenos in zagotovitev dostopa iz odstavka 1 zajemata samodejno, vmesno in začasno shranjevanje poslanih informacij, če je tako shranjevanje namenjeno samo izvajanju prenosa v komunikacijskem omrežju in če se informacije ne shranijo dlje časa, kot je upravičeno potrebno za prenos. 3. Ta člen ne vpliva na možnost, da sodni ali upravni organ v skladu s pravnimi sistemi pogodbenic od ponudnika storitve zahteva, da zaustavi ali prepreči kršitev. Člen 10. 64Odgovornost ponudnikov spletnih storitev: shranjevanje v predpomnilniku1. Kadar se storitev informacijske družbe nanaša na prenos informacij, ki jih zagotovi prejemnik storitve, v komunikacijskem omrežju, pogodbenici zagotovita, da ponudnik storitev ni odgovoren za samodejno, vmesno in začasno shranjevanje navedenih informacij, ki je namenjeno zgolj učinkovitejšemu nadaljnjemu prenosu informacij drugim prejemnikom storitve na njihovo zahtevo, pod pogojem da ponudnik:(a)ne spremeni informacij;(b)izpolnjuje pogoje za dostop do informacij;(c)upošteva pravila o posodabljanju informacij, ki so določena v splošno priznanih in uporabljenih industrijskih standardih;(d)ne posega v zakonito uporabo tehnologije, splošno priznane in uporabljene v industriji, za pridobivanje podatkov o rabi informacij, ter(e)hitro ukrepa in odstrani ali onemogoči dostop do informacij, ki jih je shranil, takoj ko je obveščen, da je bila informacija na začetnem viru prenosa odstranjena iz omrežja ali da je bil dostop do nje onemogočen oziroma da je sodni ali upravni organ odredil tako odstranitev ali onemogočanje. 2. Ta člen ne vpliva na možnost, da sodni ali upravni organ v skladu s pravnimi sistemi pogodbenic od ponudnika storitve zahteva, da zaustavi ali prepreči kršitev. Člen 10. 65Odgovornost ponudnikov spletnih storitev: gostovanje1. Kadar se storitev informacijske družbe nanaša na shranjevanje informacij, ki jih zagotovi prejemnik storitve, pogodbenici zagotovita, da ponudnik storitve ni odgovoren za informacije, shranjene na zahtevo prejemnika storitve, pod pogojem da ponudnik:(a)dejansko ne ve za nezakonito dejavnost ali informacijo in mu v zvezi z odškodninskimi zahtevki niso znana dejstva ali okoliščine, iz katerih je očitno, da gre za nezakonito dejavnost ali informacijo, ali(b)takoj, ko za to izve ali se tega zave, nemudoma ukrepa in odstrani ali onemogoči dostop do informacij. 2. Odstavek 1 se ne uporabi, ko prejemnik storitve ukrepa pod pooblastilom ali nadzorom ponudnika. 3. Ta člen ne vpliva na možnost, da sodni ali upravni organ v skladu s pravnimi sistemi pogodbenic od ponudnika storitve zahteva, da zaustavi ali prepreči kršitev, prav tako pa ne vpliva na možnost, da pogodbenici uvedeta postopke, ki urejajo odstranitev ali onemogočanje dostopa do informacij. Člen 10. 66Brez splošne obveznosti spremljanja1. Pogodbenici ponudnikom v zvezi z opravljanjem storitev iz členov od 10. 63 do 10. 65 ne določijo splošne obveznosti spremljanja informacij, ki jih prenesejo ali shranijo, pa tudi ne obveznosti dejavnega iskanja dejstev ali okoliščin, ki nakazujejo na nezakonito dejavnost. 2. Pogodbenici lahko določita obveznosti, da ponudniki storitve informacijske družbe nemudoma obvestijo pristojne organe o domnevnih nezakonitih dejavnostih ali informacijah, ki jih predloži prejemnik njihove storitve, ali da pristojnim organom na njihovo zahtevo predložijo informacije, ki omogočajo identifikacijo prejemnikov njihove storitve, s katerimi so sklenili dogovore o shranjevanju. Pododdelek DDruge določbeČlen 10. 67Ukrepi na meji1. Razen če v tem oddelku ni določeno drugače, vsaka pogodbenica sprejme postopkeRazume se, da ne obstaja nobena obveznost za uporabo takih postopkov za uvoz blaga, ki je dano na trg v drugi državi po privolitvi ali s privolitvijo nosilca pravice. , ki nosilcu pravice, ki ima utemeljene razloge za sum uvoza, izvoza, ponovnega izvoza, carinskega tranzitnega postopka, pretovarjanja ali nahajanja v brezcarinskem območjuCarinski postopek, pretovarjanje in brezcarinsko območje, kot so opredeljeni v Kjotskem protokolu. , v odložnem postopkuV Koreji dati v odložni postopek vključuje začasen uvoz in tovarno v carinskem območju. V Evropski skupnosti dati v odložni postopek vključuje začasen uvoz, aktivno oplemenitenje in predelavo pod carinskim nadzorom. ali v carinskem skladišču blaga, s katerim je kršena pravica intelektualne lastnineV tem sporazumu blago, s katerim je kršena pravica intelektualne lastnine, pomeni:(a)ponarejeno blago, in sicer:(i)blago, vključno z embalažo, ki je brez dovoljenja označeno z blagovno znamko, ki je enaka blagovni znamki, ustrezno registrirani za enako vrsto blaga, ali ki je po njenih bistvenih lastnostih ni mogoče razlikovati od take blagovne znamke, s čimer je kršena pravica imetnika blagovne znamke;(ii)vsak simbol blagovne znamke (logotip, etiketa, nalepka, brošura, navodila za uporabo ali garancijski dokument), tudi če je predložen ločeno, pod enakimi pogoji kot blago iz pododstavka (a)(i), ali(iii)embalažni materiali, na katerih so blagovne znamke ponarejenega blaga, predloženi ločeno, pod enakimi pogoji kot blago iz pododstavka (a)(i);(b)piratsko blago, ki je kopija ali vključuje kopije, izdelane brez soglasja nosilca avtorske ali sorodne pravice, ne glede na to, ali je registrirana po zakonodaji vsake pogodbenice ali ne, oziroma brez soglasja osebe, ki jo je nosilec pravice v državi proizvodnje ustrezno pooblastil, ali(c)blago, ki po zakonodaji pogodbenice, v kateri se vloži zahtevek za carinsko ukrepanje, krši:(i)patent;(ii)žlahtniteljsko pravico;(iii)registrirani vzorec ali model ali(iv)geografsko označbo. , omogočijo predložitev pisnega zahtevka pri pristojnih organih, upravnih ali sodnih, naj carinski organi začasno prekinejo sprostitev v prosti promet ali za zadržanje takega blaga. 2. Ko imajo carinski organi v okviru svojih ukrepov in preden nosilec pravice vloži zahtevek ali mu je zahtevek odobren, zadostne razloge za sum, da blago krši pravico intelektualne lastnine, pogodbenici določita, da lahko začasno prekinejo sprostitev blaga ali ga zadržijo, da nosilcu pravice omogočijo vložitev zahtevka za ukrepe v skladu z odstavkom 1. 3. Vse pravice ali obveznosti uvoznika, določene z izvajanjem oddelka 4 dela III Sporazuma TRIPs, se uporabljajo tudi za izvoznika ali po potrebi imetnikaVključno vsaj z osebo, ki je lastnik blaga, ali osebo, ki ima podobno pravico razpolaganja z blagom. blaga. 4. Koreja v celoti izpolni obveznosti iz odstavkov 1 in 2 v zvezi s pododstavkoma (c)(i) in (c)(iii) v opombi 27 v dveh letih od začetka veljavnosti tega sporazuma. Člen 10. 68Kodeks ravnanjaPogodbenici spodbujata:(a)trgovinska ali poklicna združenja ali organizacije k oblikovanju kodeksov ravnanja, katerih cilj je prispevati k uveljavljanju pravic intelektualne lastnine, zlasti s priporočanjem uporabe kodeksa na optičnih diskih, ki omogočajo identifikacijo porekla izdelave, ter(b)predložitev osnutkov kodeksov ravnanja in kakršnih koli ocen predložitve teh kodeksov ravnanja pristojnim organom pogodbenic. Člen 10. 69Sodelovanje1. Pogodbenici se strinjata, da bosta sodelovali v podporo izvajanju zavez in obveznosti iz tega poglavja. Področja sodelovanja med drugim lahko vključujejo naslednje dejavnosti:(a)izmenjavo informacij o pravnih okvirih v zvezi s pravicami intelektualne lastnine in zadevnih pravilih o varstvu in uveljavljanju; izmenjavo izkušenj pri zakonodajnem napredku;(b)izmenjavo izkušenj pri uveljavljanju pravic intelektualne lastnine;(c)izmenjavo izkušenj pri izvrševanju s strani carinskih, policijskih, upravnih in sodnih organov na centralni in podcentralni ravni; sodelovanje pri preprečevanju izvoza ponarejenega blaga, vključno s sodelovanjem z drugimi državami;(d)krepitev zmogljivosti ter(e)spodbujanje in širjenje informacij o pravicah intelektualne lastnine, med drugim v poslovnih krogih in civilni družbi; spodbujanje ozaveščanja potrošnikov in nosilcev pravic. 2. Brez poseganja v odstavek 1 in kot njegovo dopolnilo, se Evropska unija in Koreja strinjata, da bosta vzpostavili in zagotavljali učinkovit dialog o vprašanjih intelektualne lastnine, v okviru katerega bosta obravnavali teme, povezane z varstvom in uveljavljanjem pravic intelektualne lastnine iz tega poglavja, ter kakršna koli druga zadevna vprašanja. POGLAVJE ENAJSTKONKURENCAODDELEK AKonkurencaČlen 11. 1Načela1. Pogodbenici priznavata pomen svobodne in neizkrivljene konkurence v svojih trgovinskih odnosih. Pogodbenici se zavežeta k uporabi svoje zakonodaje o konkurenci, da preprečita, da bi protikonkurenčno poslovno ravnanje ali protikonkurenčne transakcije odpravile ali izničile ugodnosti postopka liberalizacije trgovine z blagom in storitvami ter postopka liberalizacije ustanavljanja. 2. Pogodbenici na svojih posameznih ozemljih ohranita celovito zakonodajo o konkurenci, ki učinkovito obravnava omejevalne sporazume, usklajene prakseUporaba tega člena za usklajene prakse je določena v zakonodajah pogodbenic o konkurenci. in zlorabo prevladujočega položaja enega ali več podjetij in ki zagotavlja učinkovit nadzor združevanj med podjetji. 3. Pogodbenici se strinjata, da so naslednje dejavnosti, ki omejujejo konkurenco, nezdružljive s pravilnim delovanjem tega sporazuma, če lahko vplivajo na trgovino med pogodbenicama:(a)sporazumi med podjetji, odločitve združenj podjetij in usklajene prakse, katerih cilj ali učinek je preprečevanje, omejevanje ali izkrivljanje konkurence na celotnem ozemlju ali znatnem delu ozemlja katere koli pogodbenice,(b)zloraba s strani enega ali več podjetij, ki imajo prevladujoč položaj na celotnem ozemlju ali znatnem delu ozemlja katere koli pogodbenice, ali(c)združevanja med podjetji, ki znatno ovirajo učinkovito konkurenco, zlasti kot rezultat vzpostavitve ali okrepitve prevladujočega položaja na celotnem ozemlju ali znatnem delu ozemlja katere koli pogodbenice. Člen 11. 2Opredelitev pojmovV tem oddelku zakonodaja o konkurenci pomeni:(a)v Evropski uniji, člene 101, 102 in 106 Pogodbe o delovanju Evropske unije, Uredbo Sveta (ES) št. 139/2004 o nadzoru koncentracij podjetij ter njihove izvedbene predpise in spremembe;(b)v Koreji, uredbo o monopolih in zakon o pravični trgovini ter njihove izvedbene predpise in spremembe ter(c)kakršno koli spremembo instrumentov iz tega člena po začetku veljavnosti tega sporazuma. Člen 11. 3Izvajanje1. Pogodbenici zagotovita organ ali organe, pristojne in ustrezno opremljene za izvajanje zakonodaje o konkurenci iz člena 11. 2. 2. Pogodbenici priznavata pomen pregledne, pravočasne in nediskriminatorne uporabe svojih zakonodaj o konkurenci, ob upoštevanju načel proceduralne poštenosti in pravic zadevnih strani do obrambe. 3. Pogodbenica da drugi pogodbenici na njeno zahtevo na voljo javne informacije o svojem izvrševanju zakonodaje o konkurenci in zakonodaje, povezane z obveznostmi iz tega oddelka. Člen 11. 4Javna podjetja in podjetja s posebnimiPogodbenica odobri posebne pravice, ko določi podjetja, pooblaščena za zagotavljanje blaga ali storitev, ali njihovo število omeji na dva ali več, ne da bi pri tem določila objektivna, sorazmerna in nediskriminatorna merila, ali ko podjetjem dodeli pravne ali regulativne prednosti, ki znatno vplivajo na zmožnost katerega koli drugega podjetja, da zagotavlja enako blago ali storitve. ali izključnimi pravicami1. Za javna podjetja in podjetja s posebnimi ali izključnimi pravicami:(a)nobena pogodbenica ne sprejme ali ohrani nobenega ukrep, ki je v nasprotju z načeli iz člena 11. 1, ter(b)pogodbenici zagotovita, da za taka podjetja velja zakonodaja o konkurenci iz člena 11. 2,če uporaba teh načel in zakonodaje o konkurenci ne ovira izvajanja, ne pravno ne dejansko, posebnih nalog, ki so jim dodeljene. 2. Nobena določba iz odstavka 1 se ne razlaga tako, da bi se pogodbenici preprečilo, da vzpostavi ali ohrani javna podjetja, podjetjem podeli posebne ali izključne pravice ali take pravice ohrani. Člen 11. 5Državni monopoli1. Vsaka pogodbenica prilagodi državne monopole komercialne narave, s čimer zagotovi, da ne obstaja noben diskriminatorni ukrepDiskriminatorni ukrep pomeni ukrep, ki ni skladen z nacionalno obravnavo, kot je določena v zadevnih določbah tega sporazuma, vključno s pogoji iz zadevnih prilog k temu sporazumu. v zvezi s pogoji nabave in trženja blaga med fizičnimi ali pravnimi osebami pogodbenic. 2. Nobena določba iz odstavka 1 se ne razlaga tako, da bi se pogodbenici preprečila vzpostavitev ali ohranitev državnega monopola. 3. Ta člen ne posega v pravice in obveznosti iz poglavja enajst (Javna naročila). Člen 11. 6Sodelovanje1. Pogodbenici priznavata pomen sodelovanja in usklajevanja med svojimi posameznimi organi za konkurenco, da se nadalje okrepi učinkovito izvrševanje zakonodaje o konkurenci in dosežejo cilji tega sporazuma s spodbujanjem konkurence in omejevanjem protikonkurenčnega poslovnega ravnanja ali protikonkurenčnih transakcij. 2. Pogodbenici sodelujeta na področju svojih posameznih politik izvrševanja in izvrševanja svojih posameznih zakonodaj o konkurenci, vključno s sodelovanjem pri izvrševanju, informiranjem in posvetovanjem o izvrševanju ter izmenjavo nezaupnih informacij na podlagi Sporazuma med Evropsko skupnostjo in vlado republike Koreje o sodelovanju pri protikonkurenčnih dejavnostih, podpisanega 23. maja 2009. Člen 11. 7Posvetovanje1. Če v sporazumu iz člena 11. 6. 2 niso določena bolj posebna pravila, pogodbenica na zahtevo druge pogodbenice lahko začne posvetovanja o stališčih druge pogodbenice, s čimer se spodbuja vzajemno razumevanje ali obravnavanje posebnih zadev, ki izhajajo iz tega oddelka. Druga pogodbenica v svojih zahtevi navede, če je to pomembno, kako zadeva vpliva na trgovino med pogodbenicama. 2. Pogodbenici na zahtevo pogodbenice nemudoma obravnavata vsako vprašanje, ki izhaja iz razlage ali uporabe tega oddelka. 3. Za olajšanje razprave o zadevi, ki je predmet posvetovanj, si vsaka pogodbenica prizadeva drugi pogodbenici zagotoviti zadevne nezaupne informacije. Člen 11. 8Reševanje sporovPogodbenici za zadeve, ki izhajajo iz tega oddelka, ne smeta uporabiti poglavja štirinajst (Reševanje sporov). ODDELEK BSubvencijeČlen 11. 9NačelaPogodbenici se strinjata, da si bosta v največji možni meri z uporabo svojih zakonodaj o konkurenci ali kako drugače prizadevali onemogočiti ali odpraviti izkrivljanje konkurence, do katerega pride zaradi subvencij, če vplivajo na mednarodno trgovino, ter preprečiti pojav takih situacij. Člen 11. 10Opredelitev subvencije in specifičnosti1.
github_open_source_100_8_20261	Github OpenSource	Various open source	import Avatar from '@material-ui/core/Avatar' import Button from '@material-ui/core/Button' import TextField from '@material-ui/core/TextField' import Link from '@material-ui/core/Link' import Grid from '@material-ui/core/Grid' import LockOutlinedIcon from '@material-ui/icons/LockOutlined' import Typography from '@material-ui/core/Typography' import Paper from '@material-ui/core/Paper' import Alert from '@material-ui/lab/Alert' import { useForm } from 'react-hook-form' import { yupResolver } from '@hookform/resolvers/yup' import { Link as RLink, useHistory } from 'react-router-dom' import { useDispatch } from 'react-redux' import { signUpUserAC } from '../../redux/auth/auth.actions' import { schemaSU } from '../../utils/yupSchema' import GoogleButton from '../../utils/google/GoogleButton' import { FC, useEffect } from 'react' import { auth } from '../../configs/firebase.config' import { useStylesLoginSignUp } from '../../styles/styleLoginSignUp' const SignUp: FC = () => { const classes = useStylesLoginSignUp() const dispatch = useDispatch() const { register, handleSubmit, errors } = useForm({ resolver: yupResolver(schemaSU), }) const history = useHistory() useEffect(() => { let unsubscribeFromAuth = auth.onAuthStateChanged((user) => { if (user) { history.push('/dashboard') } }) return () => unsubscribeFromAuth() }, [history]) type SubmitT = { email: string password: string } const onSubmit = ({ email, password }: SubmitT) => { dispatch(signUpUserAC(email, password)) } return ( <Grid item xs={12} sm={12} md={6} elevation={10} component={Paper} square> <div className={classes.paper}> <Avatar className={classes.avatar}> <LockOutlinedIcon /> </Avatar> <Typography component='h1' variant='h3'> Sign up </Typography> <form onSubmit={handleSubmit(onSubmit)} className={classes.form} noValidate> <Grid container spacing={3}> <Grid item xs={12}> <TextField InputProps={{ classes: { input: classes.fontSizeTextField, }, }} inputRef={register({ required: true })} autoFocus variant='outlined' required fullWidth label='Email Address' name='email' type='email' id='email' autoComplete='email' /> {errors.email?.message && ( <Alert severity='error'>{errors.email?.message}</Alert> )} </Grid> <Grid item xs={12}> <TextField InputProps={{ classes: { input: classes.fontSizeTextField, }, }} inputRef={register({ required: true })} variant='outlined' required fullWidth label='Password' name='password' type='password' id='password' autoComplete='current-password' /> {errors.password?.message && ( <Alert severity='error'>{errors.password?.message}</Alert> )} </Grid> <Grid item xs={12}> <TextField InputProps={{ classes: { input: classes.fontSizeTextField, }, }} inputRef={register} variant='outlined' required fullWidth label='Confrim Password' name='confrimpassword' type='password' id='confrimpassword' autoComplete='current-password' /> {errors.confrimpassword?.message && ( <Alert severity='error'> {errors.confrimpassword?.message} </Alert> )} </Grid> <Grid item xs={12}> <Button className={classes.button} type='submit' fullWidth size='large' variant='contained' // color='primary' > Sign Up </Button> </Grid> </Grid> </form> <Grid className={classes.form} container spacing={3}> <GoogleButton /> </Grid> <Grid className={classes.form} item xs={12}> <Link component={RLink} to='/login' variant='h6'> Already have an account? Log in </Link> </Grid> </div> </Grid> ) } export default SignUp
github_open_source_100_8_20262	Github OpenSource	Various open source	id 3572 sphere{ <-26.2395, 22.0841, 44.8000> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3573 sphere{ <-29.4440, 24.7321, 41.3690> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3574 sphere{ <-27.7153, 21.4417, 40.9100> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 3582 sphere{ <-27.1710, 22.9712, 47.1600> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3586 sphere{ <-27.1575, 27.7653, 44.5500> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3596 sphere{ <-27.5516, 22.4747, 45.6600> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 3602 sphere{ <-28.7735, 27.4543, 41.7170> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3622 sphere{ <-21.9211, 29.0543, 44.9000> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 3627 sphere{ <-21.8032, 27.9843, 43.3000> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 3628 sphere{ <-24.6714, 28.5383, 45.2100> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3630 sphere{ <-21.5623, 26.1423, 40.1960> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3633 sphere{ <-22.0119, 22.3443, 41.7280> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3634 sphere{ <-22.0762, 28.7483, 40.0500> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3636 sphere{ <-26.2868, 29.0313, 39.8470> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 3646 sphere{ <-25.2244, 22.1815, 39.1000> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 3647 sphere{ <-24.1315, 24.1948, 40.8970> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 3666 sphere{ <-24.1902, 23.7821, 39.4030> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 3672 sphere{ <-29.2971, 28.6453, 46.4500> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3677 sphere{ <-23.1464, 24.0247, 43.5000> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3680 sphere{ <-26.8736, 25.6683, 41.5510> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3683 sphere{ <-28.2498, 24.0433, 44.8200> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 3687 sphere{ <-25.6751, 27.3213, 45.6100> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 3694 sphere{ <-25.7284, 27.0803, 47.2100> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3699 sphere{ <-23.6630, 22.2433, 45.3700> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3702 sphere{ <-25.0183, 25.6823, 44.9800> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 3712 sphere{ <-23.1221, 28.3423, 42.3640> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3718 sphere{ <-28.1787, 29.0363, 45.4200> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 3720 sphere{ <-26.6501, 22.2483, 39.9390> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3727 sphere{ <-23.0634, 23.7375, 45.1200> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 3729 sphere{ <-28.3656, 25.9723, 41.0700> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 3731 sphere{ <-21.8165, 26.4613, 43.9500> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3738 sphere{ <-24.0074, 25.1053, 45.9900> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 3739 sphere{ <-24.5572, 21.9585, 42.5500> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3741 sphere{ <-24.8187, 28.6043, 39.7380> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 3750 sphere{ <-23.4241, 23.0683, 42.2100> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 3752 sphere{ <-21.4651, 23.7140, 45.5900> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3754 sphere{ <-28.4021, 26.2663, 39.1890> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 3758 sphere{ <-23.4383, 29.0953, 40.9570> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 3771 sphere{ <-29.2437, 22.0270, 40.9330> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3787 sphere{ <-29.0457, 29.3413, 43.7300> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 3567 sphere{ <-13.7532, 26.6933, 44.0900> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3584 sphere{ <-18.8748, 23.0343, 46.8200> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 3589 sphere{ <-14.2782, 28.5693, 45.9200> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3591 sphere{ <-14.4527, 25.0213, 40.0580> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 3598 sphere{ <-14.3753, 23.5110, 46.6300> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 3609 sphere{ <-15.7185, 22.5811, 46.8500> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3611 sphere{ <-16.3113, 28.5963, 42.7400> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 3613 sphere{ <-13.0714, 27.8813, 44.9900> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 3640 sphere{ <-17.7597, 23.2876, 40.6820> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3641 sphere{ <-13.9975, 24.2409, 42.9600> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3650 sphere{ <-14.5347, 23.4970, 40.3170> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 3654 sphere{ <-13.8796, 22.9351, 42.0100> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 3655 sphere{ <-19.9529, 23.1760, 45.2600> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 3656 sphere{ <-16.6780, 26.7713, 42.3720> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 3658 sphere{ <-16.5833, 28.8393, 44.3500> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3664 sphere{ <-14.9132, 24.6070, 45.4700> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3671 sphere{ <-14.6826, 28.8023, 42.4120> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3678 sphere{ <-19.3832, 27.8863, 40.0350> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 3685 sphere{ <-17.1969, 29.6463, 41.8100> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3697 sphere{ <-13.2032, 22.4736, 46.1200> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3703 sphere{ <-17.2660, 27.9443, 46.7600> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 3730 sphere{ <-18.3821, 21.9099, 40.1020> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 3732 sphere{ <-14.6324, 25.3193, 44.0100> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 3734 sphere{ <-16.4256, 25.7433, 43.5000> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 3736 sphere{ <-19.2097, 29.4373, 39.9150> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 3742 sphere{ <-16.6171, 29.4493, 39.1070> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3744 sphere{ <-20.6296, 28.9623, 45.7400> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 3753 sphere{ <-14.5364, 21.6015, 42.7000> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3755 sphere{ <-20.3176, 28.2813, 42.5900> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3759 sphere{ <-19.1675, 24.2401, 44.2500> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3761 sphere{ <-20.0069, 21.7377, 44.4300> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3770 sphere{ <-15.9118, 28.9133, 45.8700> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 3777 sphere{ <-21.1636, 27.5123, 39.4490> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 3779 sphere{ <-20.6168, 26.0163, 46.7700> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3587 sphere{ <-12.3142, 22.6180, 41.6320> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3709 sphere{ <-10.6945, 26.0803, 45.7200> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 3711 sphere{ <-11.8169, 27.2983, 45.5500> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3737 sphere{ <-12.2311, 29.0973, 43.7100> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 3780 sphere{ <-11.1686, 25.1223, 44.4900> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 3782 sphere{ <-11.2820, 29.7643, 38.9580> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 7344 sphere{ <-4.4827, 24.7998, 40.7060> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 7349 sphere{ <-9.5503, 29.5283, 45.0500> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 7352 sphere{ <-4.5104, 29.5203, 40.9410> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 7361 sphere{ <-8.4137, 21.7241, 41.5960> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 7386 sphere{ <-9.2646, 26.8153, 45.3400> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 7389 sphere{ <-5.9809, 24.9464, 47.1300> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 7392 sphere{ <-8.4964, 23.5715, 41.0490> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 7421 sphere{ <-6.4122, 26.2673, 39.7190> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 7428 sphere{ <-7.5328, 27.1263, 40.5190> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 7430 sphere{ <-9.6660, 23.4880, 39.8790> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 7447 sphere{ <-6.9788, 23.8030, 40.4700> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 7470 sphere{ <-5.8253, 24.7329, 39.7220> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 7483 sphere{ <-8.9870, 24.3843, 42.4010> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 7504 sphere{ <-7.3639, 27.4653, 42.4040> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 7510 sphere{ <-7.1133, 28.3923, 45.4500> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 7516 sphere{ <-8.5597, 28.2283, 42.9000> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 7520 sphere{ <-7.6308, 28.6293, 39.8370> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 7521 sphere{ <-8.5869, 28.2363, 44.8500> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 7530 sphere{ <-9.0004, 26.3493, 40.5280> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 7334 sphere{ <-1.7293, 24.0974, 44.8600> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 7341 sphere{ <0.4579, 24.1431, 40.2610> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 7350 sphere{ <1.3020, 28.6893, 44.9400> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 7351 sphere{ <-3.4286, 28.9923, 45.5300> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 7362 sphere{ <0.0733, 26.2733, 45.8200> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 7366 sphere{ <-2.8602, 29.5073, 47.0000> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 7369 sphere{ <-2.6496, 23.4406, 42.2940> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 7373 sphere{ <3.6503, 23.8054, 45.1200> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 7398 sphere{ <3.8842, 25.2733, 44.4000> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 7405 sphere{ <1.7513, 21.9392, 45.6700> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 7414 sphere{ <2.3831, 24.3840, 40.2120> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 7416 sphere{ <1.0968, 26.8173, 44.6800> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 7420 sphere{ <2.7889, 25.5963, 39.3300> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 7429 sphere{ <0.5596, 26.2933, 43.2000> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 7434 sphere{ <-2.1963, 25.6013, 47.2900> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 7436 sphere{ <2.6593, 26.3003, 44.8300> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 7437 sphere{ <-1.2342, 22.6319, 42.4620> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 7440 sphere{ <-2.7453, 26.2013, 42.1950> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 7442 sphere{ <-1.8348, 27.3963, 42.1850> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 7445 sphere{ <3.6872, 28.0503, 40.1210> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 7452 sphere{ <3.4360, 22.2001, 44.8400> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 7455 sphere{ <3.7859, 25.0873, 42.7600> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 7464 sphere{ <-0.2112, 25.5483, 40.7360> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 7468 sphere{ <3.0921, 22.0639, 43.2500> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 7473 sphere{ <-0.0447, 26.8943, 41.7850> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 7479 sphere{ <-0.6082, 23.4214, 44.0200> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 7480 sphere{ <-0.1634, 22.9756, 41.2810> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 7482 sphere{ <-0.1805, 23.8685, 47.0600> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 7502 sphere{ <-2.1804, 23.9574, 39.7790> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 7509 sphere{ <2.1957, 27.3853, 39.8410> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 7512 sphere{ <-2.8647, 26.4873, 39.4710> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 7525 sphere{ <1.1890, 27.7223, 41.0950> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 7526 sphere{ <2.5410, 29.1693, 44.2600> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 7528 sphere{ <-2.8607, 25.2613, 40.6050> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 7533 sphere{ <-0.9879, 25.1023, 46.3100> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 7537 sphere{ <1.6865, 21.9186, 47.2400> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 7338 sphere{ <9.3148, 26.8053, 40.1580> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 7346 sphere{ <7.3994, 22.3265, 45.1900> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 7348 sphere{ <5.7785, 25.4063, 44.8200> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 7388 sphere{ <9.8281, 27.3663, 43.0600> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 7402 sphere{ <8.0304, 22.3272, 40.5090> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 7406 sphere{ <8.8329, 26.8493, 44.2600> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 7409 sphere{ <6.5544, 21.9549, 40.1460> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 7411 sphere{ <8.9265, 22.9253, 38.9440> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 7433 sphere{ <8.3161, 26.5173, 45.8500> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 7466 sphere{ <6.4072, 26.5653, 45.5500> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 7476 sphere{ <7.3108, 22.5981, 46.7000> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 7493 sphere{ <8.6208, 26.9813, 41.5640> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 7498 sphere{ <8.6596, 24.9204, 46.1200> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 7515 sphere{ <9.1137, 27.3443, 47.0600> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 7523 sphere{ <5.6626, 29.7813, 41.9920> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 7538 sphere{ <8.6491, 23.8083, 47.3200> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 7543 sphere{ <9.8355, 24.2573, 38.9500> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11104 sphere{ <11.9858, 23.4407, 45.1500> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 11110 sphere{ <11.8886, 24.9513, 42.5800> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 11141 sphere{ <11.3769, 24.6752, 41.0500> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11147 sphere{ <10.5669, 25.4183, 39.8460> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 11167 sphere{ <11.6305, 26.2763, 38.9600> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11199 sphere{ <11.1358, 26.3323, 42.9900> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11216 sphere{ <11.2639, 23.6122, 43.8500> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 11270 sphere{ <11.1034, 28.7453, 40.8830> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11288 sphere{ <10.4288, 28.8233, 43.4400> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11292 sphere{ <11.2772, 22.2242, 46.5200> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 11323 sphere{ <12.4735, 29.3083, 41.5340> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 11328 sphere{ <10.1082, 23.0139, 47.3400> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11339 sphere{ <11.3053, 26.0043, 47.4100> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11105 sphere{ <20.3399, 26.9383, 43.5600> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 11118 sphere{ <16.7232, 27.6333, 45.1400> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 11128 sphere{ <13.6813, 21.5023, 40.5720> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 11142 sphere{ <18.3312, 22.3503, 44.3400> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11145 sphere{ <17.1938, 22.8312, 46.7500> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11151 sphere{ <20.4945, 24.1325, 39.8600> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11153 sphere{ <14.0917, 23.0938, 40.8670> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11158 sphere{ <15.7927, 23.5732, 44.1600> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 11169 sphere{ <19.7957, 27.1883, 39.4640> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11171 sphere{ <14.6639, 24.4172, 41.6430> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 11176 sphere{ <18.1397, 26.4343, 45.6500> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 11182 sphere{ <13.7089, 29.1593, 40.1640> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 11188 sphere{ <19.4514, 27.1423, 44.9500> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11196 sphere{ <15.5407, 27.0823, 44.3300> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 11214 sphere{ <18.2522, 26.5553, 47.3100> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11222 sphere{ <17.3742, 23.3597, 45.2200> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 11224 sphere{ <15.1818, 25.5583, 40.5810> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11226 sphere{ <18.3957, 27.5663, 40.3210> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 11229 sphere{ <18.3152, 26.0653, 41.5500> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 11243 sphere{ <20.6284, 28.3283, 42.7600> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11251 sphere{ <13.4778, 25.0583, 42.5900> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11252 sphere{ <16.1501, 23.9093, 42.7100> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 11260 sphere{ <21.3634, 27.6613, 39.3010> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 11265 sphere{ <19.9836, 29.5483, 41.8780> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 11283 sphere{ <14.1707, 28.3743, 43.9800> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 11285 sphere{ <18.0579, 24.8755, 45.2200> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11295 sphere{ <18.6772, 28.9923, 41.0870> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11298 sphere{ <17.1477, 27.7803, 39.2900> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11312 sphere{ <19.6826, 25.6993, 42.2470> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 11317 sphere{ <13.0621, 28.2863, 42.7700> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11320 sphere{ <13.3314, 28.4683, 45.3900> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11332 sphere{ <15.1619, 29.6823, 43.6600> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11108 sphere{ <28.4501, 23.2559, 39.7730> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 11119 sphere{ <29.4701, 23.1568, 47.4000> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11120 sphere{ <26.2271, 21.9310, 43.4500> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 11126 sphere{ <23.2891, 26.6323, 44.4500> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 11134 sphere{ <24.1006, 22.3383, 41.4780> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 11137 sphere{ <28.9911, 24.3422, 46.3500> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 11160 sphere{ <24.7078, 26.4363, 43.1700> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 11165 sphere{ <21.7424, 26.2963, 44.0100> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11172 sphere{ <26.9951, 27.7433, 46.3600> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11181 sphere{ <25.8941, 27.2213, 39.3900> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11195 sphere{ <23.4192, 28.2563, 44.7100> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11206 sphere{ <26.8411, 25.5383, 41.2040> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11207 sphere{ <24.9173, 27.4623, 42.0290> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 11209 sphere{ <21.5717, 22.2437, 47.2000> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 11210 sphere{ <25.5321, 23.0159, 42.6000> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 11212 sphere{ <24.4509, 22.4750, 39.9020> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11220 sphere{ <29.2641, 29.0973, 43.6300> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 11231 sphere{ <28.1111, 23.7417, 45.1100> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11240 sphere{ <27.9561, 22.5539, 43.9700> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 11247 sphere{ <28.0091, 25.3993, 47.1100> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11248 sphere{ <22.7715, 23.2722, 41.8420> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11250 sphere{ <22.1956, 27.0983, 40.6170> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11254 sphere{ <21.4773, 29.1783, 46.2800> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11280 sphere{ <26.4161, 27.0823, 40.9310> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 11293 sphere{ <28.2651, 29.4343, 41.9890> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 11294 sphere{ <29.6201, 23.3032, 41.2770> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 11297 sphere{ <23.8660, 25.6723, 45.6500> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11309 sphere{ <27.6431, 28.1193, 41.2330> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11318 sphere{ <22.4125, 23.5876, 47.3500> 1.700 texture{tC}} // id 11325 sphere{ <28.6821, 23.0771, 42.5900> 1.520 texture{tO}} // id 11333 sphere{ <22.8608, 29.5783, 45.5200> 2.100 texture{tSi}} // id 11334 sphere{ <21.5884, 29.5663, 39.4880> 1.700 texture{tC}}
github_open_source_100_8_20263	Github OpenSource	Various open source	from apm import * s = 'http://byu.apmonitor.com' a = 'smr' apm(s,a,'clear all') apm_load(s,a,'mpc.apm') csv_load(s,a,'mpc.csv') apm_option(s,a,'nlc.imode',6) apm(s,a,'solve') apm_web(s,a)
8438242_1	Wikipedia	CC-By-SA	In der Liste der Baudenkmale in Schnackenburg sind alle Baudenkmale der niedersächsischen Gemeinde Schnackenburg aufgelistet. Der Stand der Liste ist 25. Oktober 2021. Die Quelle der Baudenkmale ist der Denkmalatlas Niedersachsen. Allgemein Schnackenburg Gruppen baulicher Anlagen in Schnackenburg \|} Einzelbaudenkmale in Schnackenburg \|} Gummern Einzelbaudenkmale in Gummern \|} Ehem Baudenkmale in Gummern \|} Holtorf Gruppen baulicher Anlagen in Holtorf \|} Einzelbaudenkmale in Holtorf \|} Kapern Gruppen baulicher Anlagen in Kapern \|} Einzelbaudenkmale in Kapern \|} Literatur Niedersächsisches Landesverwaltungsamt, Institut für Denkmalpflege (Hrsg.): Verzeichnis der Baudenkmale gem. § 4 (NDSchG). Landkreis Lüchow-Dannenberg. Stand: 1. Oktober 1986. In: Denkmaltopographie Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Baudenkmale in Niedersachsen. Band 21, Friedrich Vieweg & Sohn, Braunschweig 1986, ISBN 3-528-06206-1, S. 36–37 Falk-Reimar Sänger: Landkreis Lüchow-Dannenberg. In: Denkmaltopographie Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Baudenkmale in Niedersachsen. Band 21, Friedrich Vieweg & Sohn, Braunschweig 1986, ISBN 3-528-06206-1, 170 – 175. Weblinks Niedersächsischer Denkmalatlas Einzelnachweise Schnackenburg Baudenkmale.
github_open_source_100_8_20264	Github OpenSource	Various open source	package com.clj.blesample.activity; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.Environment; import android.os.Handler; import android.os.Message; import android.support.annotation.Nullable; import android.view.View; import android.widget.LinearLayout; import com.allen.library.SuperButton; import com.clj.blesample.service.SensorService; import com.clj.blesample.service.ServiceLog; import com.gyf.immersionbar.ImmersionBar; import com.clj.blesample.R; import java.io.File; /** * @author geyifeng / public class DesktopActivity extends BaseActivity implements View.OnClickListener { private static final String TAG = DesktopActivity.class.getSimpleName(); private static final int MESSAGE_STARTED_SHOW_AND_AUDIO_REPORT_SERVICE = 1; private static final int MESSAGE_STARTED_SENSOR_SERVICE = 2; private static final int MESSAGE_STOPPED_SENSOR_SERVICE = 3; private static final int MESSAGE_STARTING_SENSOR_SERVICE = 4; private static boolean loadFinish = false; private com.github.clans.fab.FloatingActionButton btn_accept; private LinearLayout sensor_layout; private Thread thread; /private Handler handler = new Handler() { @Override public void handleMessage(Message msg) { if (msg.what == UPDATE_VIEW) { } } };/ //定时刷新界面模块的显示状态 private Handler timerHandler = new Handler(); Runnable timerRun = new Runnable() //创建一个runnable对象 { @Override public void run() { //要做的事情这里 //触发重新绘制 if (sensor_layout.getVisibility() == android.view.View.VISIBLE) { for (View tmpView : sensor_layout.getTouchables()) { if (tmpView.getVisibility() == android.view.View.VISIBLE) { //com.allen.library.SuperButton对象的postInvalidate()方法无效，需要在UI线程中使用.setUseShape()，使属性更新生效 ((com.allen.library.SuperButton) tmpView).setUseShape(); } } sensor_layout.postInvalidate(); } timerHandler.postDelayed(this, 500); //再次调用myTimerRun对象，实现每一秒一次的定时器操作 } }; //消息处理器 private Handler messageHandler = new Handler() { @Override public void handleMessage(Message msg) { switch (msg.what) { case MESSAGE_STARTED_SHOW_AND_AUDIO_REPORT_SERVICE: if (null != SensorService.getInstance().getAudioReportService()) { btn_accept.setEnabled(true); btn_accept.postInvalidate(); SensorService.getInstance().getAudioReportService().say(getString(R.string.system_loaded)); } break; case MESSAGE_STARTING_SENSOR_SERVICE: SensorService.getInstance().getAudioReportService().say(getString(R.string.system_running)); break; case MESSAGE_STARTED_SENSOR_SERVICE: SensorService.getInstance().getAudioReportService().say(getString(R.string.system_start_succeed)); break; case MESSAGE_STOPPED_SENSOR_SERVICE: SensorService.getInstance().getAudioReportService().say(getString(R.string.system_stopped)); break; default: break; } super.handleMessage(msg); } }; /* * {@inheritDoc} / @Override protected int getLayoutId() { return R.layout.activity_desktop; } /* * {@inheritDoc} / @Override protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_desktop); initView(); updateButtonStateBySensorService(); } /* * {@inheritDoc} / @Override protected void onDestroy() { super.onDestroy(); } /* * {@inheritDoc} / @Override protected void initData() { super.initData(); } /* * {@inheritDoc} / @Override protected void initView() { super.initView(); btn_accept = (com.github.clans.fab.FloatingActionButton) findViewById(R.id.btn_accept); btn_accept.setEnabled(false); btn_accept.postInvalidate(); sensor_layout = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.layout_sensors); sensor_layout.removeAllViews(); } @Override public void onWindowFocusChanged(boolean hasFocus) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub if (hasFocus) { if (!loadFinish) { //初始化语音与显示服务内容 initShowAndAudioReportService(this); loadFinish = true; } else { if (SensorService.getInstance().isStarted()) { sendMessage(MESSAGE_STARTING_SENSOR_SERVICE); } else { sendMessage(MESSAGE_STARTED_SHOW_AND_AUDIO_REPORT_SERVICE); } } } super.onWindowFocusChanged(hasFocus); } /* * {@inheritDoc} / @Override protected void setListener() { super.setListener(); } /* * {@inheritDoc} / @Override protected void initImmersionBar() { super.initImmersionBar(); ImmersionBar.with(this).titleBar(R.id.toolbar).keyboardEnable(true).init(); } /* * {@inheritDoc} / @Override public void onClick(View v) { switch (v.getId()) { case R.id.btn_accept: if (btn_accept.getLabelText().equals(getString(R.string.start_accept))) { //btn_accept.setProgress(100, true); if (!startSensorService()) { stopSensorService(); } updateButtonStateBySensorService(); timerHandler.postDelayed(timerRun, 1000); //启动语音播放 sendMessage(MESSAGE_STARTED_SENSOR_SERVICE); } else if (btn_accept.getLabelText().equals(getString(R.string.stop_accept))) { stopSensorService(); updateButtonStateBySensorService(); timerHandler.removeCallbacks(timerRun); //停止语音播放 sendMessage(MESSAGE_STOPPED_SENSOR_SERVICE); } break; } / Configuration conf = new Configuration(); conf.getBleConfiguration().getBleScanConfiguration().setDeviceMac("F1:E1:D9:BD:13:51"); File tmpStorageDirectory = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(); File tmpFullFilename = new File(tmpStorageDirectory, getString(R.string.configuration_file_path)); ConfigurationLoader.setConfiguration(tmpFullFilename.getPath(), conf); / } /* * init sensor service boolean. * * @return the boolean / protected boolean initSensorService() { File tmpStorageDirectory = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(); File tmpFullFilename = new File(tmpStorageDirectory, getString(R.string.configuration_file_path)); if (!SensorService.getInstance().initialize(this, tmpFullFilename.getPath())) { return false; } return true; } /* * Start sensor service boolean. * * @return the boolean / protected boolean startSensorService() { /File tmpStorageDirectory = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(); File tmpFullFilename = new File(tmpStorageDirectory, getString(R.string.configuration_file_path)); if (!SensorService.getInstance().initialize(this, tmpFullFilename.getPath())) { return false; }/ initSensorService(); return SensorService.getInstance().start(); } /* * Stop sensor service boolean. * * @return the boolean / protected boolean stopSensorService() { return SensorService.getInstance().stop(); } /* * Update button state by sensor service. / protected void updateButtonStateBySensorService() { if (SensorService.getInstance().isStarted()) { btn_accept.setLabelText(getString(R.string.stop_accept)); btn_accept.setImageResource(android.R.drawable.ic_media_pause); btn_accept.setProgress(100, false); } else { btn_accept.setLabelText(getString(R.string.start_accept)); btn_accept.setProgress(0, false); btn_accept.setImageResource(android.R.drawable.ic_media_play); } } /* * 为了得到传回的数据，必须在前面的Activity中（指MainActivity类）重写onActivityResult方法 * <p> * requestCode 请求码，即调用startActivityForResult()传递过去的值 * resultCode 结果码，结果码用于标识返回数据来自哪个新Activity / @Override protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { if (RESULT_OK == resultCode) { if (!startSensorService()) { finishAffinity(); } } else { finishAffinity(); } } /* * Init show and audio report service. * * @param activity the activity / protected void initShowAndAudioReportService(final Activity activity) { initSensorService(); SensorService.getInstance().startShowService(activity); SensorService.getInstance().startAudioReportService(activity); sensor_layout.postInvalidate(); thread = new Thread(new Runnable() {//这里也可用Runnable接口实现 @Override public void run() { try { Thread.sleep(2000);//每隔1s执行一次 sendMessage(MESSAGE_STARTED_SHOW_AND_AUDIO_REPORT_SERVICE); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }); thread.start(); } /* * 发送消息. * * @param msgCode 表示需要发送的信息码 */ private void sendMessage(int msgCode) { Message msg = new Message(); msg.what = msgCode; messageHandler.sendMessage(msg); } }