---
language:
- en
tags:
- solidity
- blockchain
- ethereum
- smart-contract
pretty_name: Zellic Smart Contract Source Index
size_categories:
- 100K<n<1M
---
# Zellic 2023 Smart Contract Source Index

Zellic is making publicly available a dataset of known Ethereum mainnet smart contract source code.

Our aim is to provide a contract source code dataset that is readily available to the public to download in bulk. We believe this dataset will help advance the frontier of smart contract security research. Applications include static analysis, machine learning, and more. This effort is part of Zellic’s mission to create a world with no smart contract hacks.

## Methodology

First, we accumulated a list of all deployed contracts on Ethereum mainnet as of block 16860349. This does not include contracts that have been `SELFDESTRUCT`ed. We progressivelyh built up this index by performing a full sync from the genesis block using the modified Geth instance. Whenever a new contract was created, we added it to our index. When a contract `SELFDESTRUCT`ed, we removed it from the index. This list is available in this dataset as the file `address_bytecodehash_index`.

Next, we collected contract source code from publicly available online sources. All data was obtained from publicly accessible resources.

Finally, we calculated all of the Keccak256 hashes of the deployed EVM bytecode of each contract. We deduplicated contract source code by bytecode hash. In other words, we organized the contract source code set by the bytecode hash of their corresponding verified contracts. For example, if source codes A and B are both verified against smart contracts X and Y with the same deployed EVM bytecode, we only include one of A or B in this dataset. Choosing among duplicates was arbitrarily.

## Dataset Statistics

**Number of unique source codes, by bytecode hash**: 149,386

**Number of smart contracts in global index**: 30,586,657 (not all have source code available, see Methodology)

| **Chars (wc -c)** | **Words (wc -w)** | **LoC (code)** | **LoC (comments)** | **LoC (whitespace)** | **LoC (total)** |
|-------------------|-------------------|----------------|--------------------|----------------------|-----------------|
| 6,473,548,073     | 712,444,206       | 90,562,628     | 62,503,873         | 24,485,549           | 177,552,050     |

**Unique words**: 939,288

## Dataset Structure

### Index

The `address_bytecodehash_index` file contains a list of known smart contract addresses mapped to the Keccak256 hash of their EVM bytecode.

Look up the smart contract address in this file to find the source. This file also serves as a list of all deployed smart contracts as of block 16860349.

**Not all contracts in the index file will have source code available.** This is a list of **all** deployed smart contracts as of block 16860349. (See Methodology).

Excerpt of data from the index for preview purposes:

```
...
00012e87fa9172d0c613f69d0abf752bb00310ec:4f5a5f6706dc853cb3ae2279729e0d7e24dda128a77358144e4c0fd3e5d60e98
00012c8ef0fef0a06e1644ab91107fe8584fb91e:a828ef7f5f6d2ebb1203de12878e16aa5ba6984c12ededff4e19876233533505
00012df38ea3a6dabefb8407a59219a0c7dd0bc8:c279544d07d9631b1e37d835cadfe7098d60e508cf8f18a89ddb8b176d56874d
00012d92a0e7ee1b19f8e018267c97a3a7e99aa7:0865cec1e9ac3048b12a85fc3b9fbc682c3831784e3396416635df4cb88c3fdd
00012f07e281c1d8a9d790358050b6015eef942c:ab7af4c77ed6371c7eda04ba317a134f0b06593c0dc2851bf4c709a367ea50ed
00012e198745e53293bf09ddec8da1284963fded:ce33220d5c7f0d09d75ceff76c05863c5e7d6e801c70dfe7d5d45d4c44e80654
00012ec2c9fc4a1692176da5202a44a4aea5e177:ce33220d5c7f0d09d75ceff76c05863c5e7d6e801c70dfe7d5d45d4c44e80654
...
```

### Contract Sources

Smart Contract sources are organized by folder in the `organized_contracts` directory.

For example, a contract with the bytecode hash `beef3d7d1884c4fee50548cfe762415fe494e3feb1e6ca181352ef023ba1ff7a` would be in the directory `organized_contracts/be/beef3d7d1884c4fee50548cfe762415fe494e3feb1e6ca181352ef023ba1ff7a/`.

Each folder for a smart contract contains the source files as well as a `metadata.json` that contains information about the contract such as the compiler version and optimizations used. These settings can be used to attempt to reproduce the build.

Example of metadata.json for preview purposes (unminified for ease of viewing):

```json
{
  "ContractName": "MageSpace",
  "CompilerVersion": "v0.8.10+commit.fc410830",
  "Runs": 200,
  "OptimizationUsed": false,
  "BytecodeHash": "c2f8f4e79a9d7c23d8a398768e1476f03f0e11c44fc7441c021e098c71678d03"
}
```

#### Source Formats

Contracts may come in one of three source formats. Single file, multiple files, and [Solidity Compiler JSON](https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/v0.8.19/using-the-compiler.html#compiler-api).

For multiple file contacts, each `.sol` file will be included in the directory.

Single file contracts will be named `main.sol`. Some contracts are written in Vyper, not Solidity. These will be named `main.vy`.

For Solidity Compiler Input JSON, the compiler input will be stored in `contract.json`.

**Not all contract code is in Solidity. Some contract code is in Vyper, or other languages! Check metadata.json!**

As a quick-and-dirty script, to extract all of the source code, you can use this bash script:

```bash
mkdir code
cd organized_contracts/
for f in * ; do
    echo $f
    cat $f/*/contract.json | jq '.sources | to_entries[].value.content' -r  > ../code/"$f".txt
    cat $f/*/*.sol > ../code/"$f".txt
done
```

### Other Fun Facts

Top 100 words:

|n|token|
|-|-----|
|23189252|the|
|20816285|address|
|16207663|uint256|
|14793579|to|
|13746030|function|
|9952507|returns|
|9069124|0|
|8256548|a|
|8189582|of|
|6854095|is|
|6783298|dev|
|6363279|return|
|5555811|if|
|5497552|memory|
|5403232|from|
|5203839|amount|
|5146685|internal|
|4838549|value|
|4753195|be|
|4700814|external|
|4676440|owner|
|4535518|this|
|4477899|view|
|4463166|for|
|4205382|bool|
|3770805|contract|
|3732595|token|
|3719841|and|
|3578693|public|
|3447968|string|
|3422923|tokenid|
|3243596|require|
|3134425|1|
|3063929|in|
|2996585|bytes|
|2976900|data|
|2831472|by|
|2748878|transfer|
|2729742|account|
|2605117|that|
|2588692|param|
|2535414|private|
|2465042|an|
|2418190|solidity|
|2377723|uint|
|2333621|call|
|2326567|not|
|2319841|virtual|
|2295154|zero|
|2220201|sender|
|2118342|as|
|2113922|sol|
|2024428|target|
|1945888|event|
|1919425|s|
|1901005|or|
|1899022|pure|
|1884128|tokens|
|1859283|must|
|1850785|it|
|1796854|with|
|1783457|contracts|
|1760318|b|
|1742610|revert|
|1711696|spender|
|1698735|bytes32|
|1655261|recipient|
|1645305|i|
|1608529|indexed|
|1585283|true|
|1575421|2|
|1551352|when|
|1528254|can|
|1475879|length|
|1466789|override|
|1444666|will|
|1356364|approve|
|1355666|8|
|1314732|notice|
|1304351|implementation|
|1293963|are|
|1291253|import|
|1290551|on|
|1267019|balance|
|1257438|available|
|1253286|log|
|1232433|pragma|
|1211177|since|
|1193506|msgsender|
|1193496|result|
|1190481|liquidity|
|1185869|msg|
|1181724|operator|
|1178211|errormessage|
|1176497|slot|
|1156971|set|
|1154460|openzeppelin|
|1148764|cannot|
|1123141|erc20|
|1115019|abi|

## Notices

The smart contract source code in this dataset were obtained from publicly available sources. You should always abide by the appropriate code and software licenses, as well as all applicable copyright law.

THE DATASET/SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE DATASET/SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE DATASET/SOFTWARE.