File size: 44,828 Bytes
678aab1
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1
00:00:01,690 --> 00:00:06,950
ุงู„ู„ู‡ู…ู‘ ู…ู† ุงู„ุดูŠุทุงู† ุงู„ุฑุฌูŠู… ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุฅู†

2
00:00:06,950 --> 00:00:11,690
ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู†ู„ุชู‚ูŠ ู…ุนูƒู… ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูุตู„ ููŠ ู…ุณุงู‚ ุนู„ู…

3
00:00:11,690 --> 00:00:17,470
ุงู„ุฏู… ุงู„ุชุดุฎูŠุตูŠ diagnostic hematology ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง 

4
00:00:17,470 --> 00:00:25,230
ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ outlines ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ุฅู†ู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุณุงู‚ ุจูŠุชุนู„ู‚ 

5
00:00:25,230 --> 00:00:29,830
ุจุชุดุฎูŠุต ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ุงู„ุฏู… ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ูˆุทุจุนุง ุฃู†ุชู… ุนุงุฑููŠู† ุฃู† 

6
00:00:29,830 --> 00:00:34,590
ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ุงู„ุฏู… ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ุจุชู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู€ Three categories ุงู„ู„ูŠ 

7
00:00:34,590 --> 00:00:39,390
ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฃู†ูŠู…ูŠุง ูˆู…ุง ูŠู„ุญู‚ ุจู‡ุง ู„ูˆูƒูŠู…ูŠุง ูˆู…ู„ุญู‚ุงุชู‡ุง 

8
00:00:39,390 --> 00:00:43,470
Coagulation disorders ูู‡ุชูƒูˆู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุญุงูˆุฑ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠุฉ 

9
00:00:43,470 --> 00:00:50,950
ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฑุงุญ ู†ุชู†ุงูˆู„ู‡ุง ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูุตู„ ุฑุงุญ ู†ุงุฎุฏ ู…ูˆุฌุฒ 

10
00:00:50,950 --> 00:00:56,330
ุฃูˆ ู…ู„ุฎุต ุนู† ูƒู„ ุญุงู„ุฉ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃูˆ ูƒู„ ู‚ุณู… ู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃู‚ุณุงู… 

11
00:00:57,040 --> 00:01:02,760
ุนู„ู‰ ุดูƒู„ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ูˆุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ู‡ุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุฌุฒุฆูŠุฉ ุงู„ุจุงู‚ูŠุฉ ููŠ 

12
00:01:02,760 --> 00:01:06,360
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุฑุงุญ ู†ูƒู…ู„ู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุดูƒู„ case studies ู„ุฃู†ู‡ 

13
00:01:06,360 --> 00:01:10,500
ุฃู†ุง ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุจูŠู‡ู…ู†ูŠ ู…ุด ุฅู†ูŠ ุฃุญูุธ ุฅูŠุด ุชุนุฑูŠู ุงู„ุฃู†ูŠู…ูŠุง ุฃูˆ 

14
00:01:10,500 --> 00:01:12,540
ุฅูŠุด ุชุนุฑูŠูู‡ุง ุฃูˆ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู€ pathophysiology ุชุจุนู‡ุง ุฃูˆ ุฅูŠุด 

15
00:01:12,540 --> 00:01:17,040
ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู‡ุฐุง ู„ุฃ ุฃู†ุง ุจูŠู‡ู…ู†ูŠ ู„ู…ุง ุฃุดูˆู result ุฃุนุฑู 

16
00:01:17,040 --> 00:01:22,060
ุฃู‚ุฑุฃู‡ุง ูˆุฃุนุฑู ุฃุฑุจุท ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู†ุชุงุฆุฌ ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ูˆุฃุณุชู†ุชุฌ ุฅูŠุด 

17
00:01:22,060 --> 00:01:25,380
ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‚ุฏ ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ุตุงุญุจุฉ ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ result 

18
00:01:25,790 --> 00:01:29,330
ุฅูŠุด ู…ู„ุฒู…ู†ูŠ ุฃุทู„ุจ ูุญูˆุตุงุช ููŠู…ุง ุจุนุฏ ุฃูˆ ุฅูŠุด ู…ู„ุฒู…ู†ูŠ ุฃุฏูˆุฑ 

19
00:01:29,330 --> 00:01:32,370
ุนู„ู‰ ูุญูˆุตุงุช ุนุดุงู† ุฃุชุฃูƒุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ results ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ู‡ุฐุง 

20
00:01:32,370 --> 00:01:36,270
ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุจุฅุฐู† ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูƒู„ู‡ ุฑุงุญ ู†ู†ุงู‚ุดู‡ ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุดูˆูŠุฉ 

21
00:01:36,270 --> 00:01:37,690
ุฃูˆู„ ุญุงุฌุฉ ู‡ู†ุดุฑุญู‡ุง ุจุนุฏ 

22
00:01:53,930 --> 00:01:58,290
ุงู„ุฎู„ู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุทุจุนุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฎู„ู„ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Alpha ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ 

23
00:01:58,290 --> 00:02:04,050
Beta-H-chain ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุนุงุฏุฉ ุจุชูƒูˆู† hypochromic 

24
00:02:04,050 --> 00:02:08,310
microcytic cells ุทุจุนุง ุจุชุชู…ูŠุฒ ุจูˆุฌูˆุฏ ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ 

25
00:02:08,310 --> 00:02:13,450
target cells ููŠู‡ุง genetic mutation specified by

26
00:02:13,450 --> 00:02:16,530
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ mutation ููŠู‡ุง ู‚ุฏ ุชูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Beta-H-chain 

27
00:02:16,790 --> 00:02:19,350
ูˆู‚ุฏ ุชูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Alpha Chain ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู†ู‚ุต ููŠ ุงู„ู€ 

28
00:02:19,350 --> 00:02:22,410
Beta Chain ู†ู‚ุต ููŠ ุชุตู†ูŠุน ุงู„ู€ Beta Chain ุจุณู…ูŠู‡ุง Beta 

29
00:02:22,410 --> 00:02:25,410
-thalassemia ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุดุงุฆุนุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ูŠูˆู†ุงู† ูˆููŠ ุฅูŠุทุงู„ูŠุง ุฅุฐุง 

30
00:02:25,410 --> 00:02:27,890
ูƒุงู† ู†ู‚ุต ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Alpha Chain ุจุณู…ูŠู‡ุง Alpha 

31
00:02:27,890 --> 00:02:31,510
-thalassemia ุทุจุนุง ุงุญู†ุง ุนุงุฑููŠู† ุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin 

32
00:02:31,510 --> 00:02:35,610
Molecule Hemoglobin Molecule ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ Globin Chain 

33
00:02:35,610 --> 00:02:40,110
ูˆุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ู‡ูŠู… ุฌุฑูˆุจ Hemoglobin chain ู…ุซู„ุง ู‡ูŠ 

34
00:02:40,110 --> 00:02:44,430
Hemoglobin molecule ุงู„ุนุงุฏูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ ู‡ูŠ Hem Hem 

35
00:02:44,430 --> 00:02:48,750
Hem ุฃุฑุจุน Hem ูˆููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุงู„ู€ globin ุงู„ู€ globin ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† 

36
00:02:48,750 --> 00:02:52,130
two alpha ูˆ two beta chain ููŠ ุงู„ู€ adult ุงู„ู€ normal 

37
00:02:52,130 --> 00:02:58,650
ู‡ู„ุงู‚ูŠ 97% ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ hemoglobin Hemoglobin A ุจู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ู†ุณุจุฉ 

38
00:02:58,650 --> 00:03:03,030
ุจุณูŠุทุฉ ู…ู† Hemoglobin A2 ุจุชุดูƒู„ 2% A2 ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† 2 

39
00:03:03,030 --> 00:03:07,590
Alpha ู…ุน 2 Delta Hemoglobin F ุจุชุดูƒู„ ุจุฑุถู‡ ู†ุณุจุฉ 

40
00:03:07,590 --> 00:03:12,130
ุจุณูŠุทุฉ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง 1% ุฃูˆ ุฃู‚ู„ ุงุซู†ุชูŠู† Gamma ูˆุงุซู†ุชูŠู† Alpha 

41
00:03:12,130 --> 00:03:14,970
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุจูŠุดุชุฑูƒูˆุง ููŠ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ Alpha Chain ุฒูŠ ู…ุง 

42
00:03:14,970 --> 00:03:15,610
ุฃู†ุชู… ุดุงูŠููŠู† 

43
00:04:56,960 --> 00:05:01,040
ุงู„ู€ Thalassemia ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุฃู†ุชู… ุนุงุฑููŠู† ู‚ุฏ ุชูƒูˆู† lethal ูˆู‚ุฏ ุชูƒูˆู† 

44
00:05:01,040 --> 00:05:06,280
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุจูŠุนุชู…ุฏูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ transfusion ุจุดูƒู„ ู…ุณุชู…ุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ 

45
00:05:06,280 --> 00:05:11,580
ุนุงูŠุดูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ blood transfusion ุฃูˆ ุจุฏูˆู† ุฃูŠ symptoms 

46
00:05:11,580 --> 00:05:14,640
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุนุงูŠุดูŠู† ุญูŠุงุชู‡ู… ุทุจูŠุนูŠุฉ ูˆุฏู‡ ุจูŠุนุชู…ุฏ ุนู„ู‰ 

47
00:05:14,640 --> 00:05:18,580
ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุชุฃุซุฑุช ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู€ chains 

48
00:05:18,580 --> 00:05:22,580
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุชุฃุซุฑุช ููŠ ุงู„ู€ hemoglobin ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ู€ majorุงู„ู€ 

49
00:05:22,580 --> 00:05:26,420
major ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุฃู†ุชู… ุนุงุฑููŠู† ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุฎู„ู„ ูƒู„ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ 

50
00:05:26,420 --> 00:05:29,460
chain ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุงููŠุด Alpha ูˆู„ุง ููŠู‡ Beta ูŠุง ุฅู…ุง ู…ุงููŠุด 

51
00:05:29,460 --> 00:05:32,580
Beta ุฎุงู„ุต ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ู€ hemoglobin ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ู…ุด ุฑุงุญ 

52
00:05:32,580 --> 00:05:36,240
ูŠุชุตู†ุน ุงู„ู€ alpha chain ู„ู„ู€ hemoglobinุงู„ู€ Minor 

53
00:05:36,240 --> 00:05:41,260
ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ ููŠู‡ ุฎู„ู„ ููŠ ู…ุซู„ุง ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ Alpha ุฎู„ู„ ููŠ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ 

54
00:05:41,260 --> 00:05:47,560
Beta ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ู†ูุณ ุจุณูŠุท ููŠ ู†ู‚ุต ู…ุนูŠู† ุฃูˆ ุจุณูŠุท 

55
00:05:47,560 --> 00:05:51,640
ููŠ ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin ุญุณุจ ุงู„ุฎู„ู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุตุงุฑ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุฎู„ู„ 

56
00:05:51,640 --> 00:05:56,940
ููŠ ุชุตู†ูŠุน ุงู„ู€ Beta Chain ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู‡ู†ูŠุฌูŠ 

57
00:05:56,940 --> 00:05:59,840
ู„ู„ู€ Beta-thalassemia majorุŒ homozygous ู‡ู†ุง ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ 

58
00:05:59,840 --> 00:06:03,700
ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Beta-charritin ุชุงู† ุงู„ู€ gene ุชุจุนู‡ู… ุถุงุฑุจุŒ 

59
00:06:03,700 --> 00:06:07,260
ุฎุฑุจุงู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุงููŠุด ุนู†ุฏูŠ Beta-chain ุฎุงู„ุต ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ 

60
00:06:07,260 --> 00:06:11,280
ุจูŠุนุชู…ุฏูˆุง ุจุดูƒู„ ุฃุณุงุณูŠ ุนู„ู‰ blood transfusion ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ 

61
00:06:11,280 --> 00:06:14,800
ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุจุชุตูŠุฑ rigid ู„ูŠุดุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠู‡ุง hen's body ู‡ุฐู‡ 

62
00:06:14,800 --> 00:06:17,540
ุงู„ู€ hen's body ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุฃุฌุช ู…ู† ุชุฑุงูƒู… ุงู„ู€ Alpha-chain 

63
00:06:17,540 --> 00:06:22,590
ู„ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ูˆุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ู„ุชูƒุณูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ู‚ุฏ ูŠุคุฏูŠ ู„ุชูƒุณูŠุฑ 

64
00:06:22,590 --> 00:06:26,190
ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ู‡ุงูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุจุชูˆุถู‘ุญ ุชุฑุงูƒู… ุงู„ู€ hens 

65
00:06:26,190 --> 00:06:31,670
bodies ููŠ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุทุจุนุง ุฃูŠ ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ููŠู‡ุง hens body ุญุชู‰ 

66
00:06:31,670 --> 00:06:38,410
ุชุงุฎุฏู‡ุง ุงู„ู…ุงูƒุฑูˆูุงุฌ ูˆุชุนู…ู„ู‡ุง ุทูŠุจ 

67
00:06:38,410 --> 00:06:42,430
ุงู„ู€ lab finding ุนู†ุฏ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ severe anemia ุจู„ุงู‚ูŠ 

68
00:06:42,430 --> 00:06:46,570
target cells ุจุดูƒู„ ูƒุซูŠุฑ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ุจู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ู€ Nucleated RBCs 

69
00:06:46,570 --> 00:06:49,730
ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุชูƒุณูŠุฑ ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ุจูˆู† ู…ุงุฑูˆ ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุนูˆุฏ ูุจู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ู€ 

70
00:06:49,730 --> 00:06:52,950
Nucleated RBCs ุจุฑุถู‡ ุงู„ู€ reticulocyte ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ 

71
00:06:52,950 --> 00:06:56,910
ู‡ูŠู‡ุฏ ุงู„ู€ Nucleated RBCs ุฅุฐุง ูุงูƒุฑูŠู†ู‡ุง ุจู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ู€ 

72
00:06:56,910 --> 00:06:59,490
Inclusion Bodies ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€ Basophilic Stippling ุงู„ู„ูŠ 

73
00:06:59,490 --> 00:07:02,850
ู‡ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู†ู‚ุงุท ู…ู† ุงู„ุฑูŠุจูˆุฒูˆู…ุฉ ุงู„ู€ RNA ููŠ ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ 

74
00:07:02,850 --> 00:07:07,290
ู…ุงุจู„ุงู‚ูŠุด ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุฎุงู„ุต Hemoglobin A ูˆุฅู†ู…ุง ุชู… ุงุณุชุจุฏุงู„ู‡ 

75
00:07:07,290 --> 00:07:10,590
ุจุงู„ู€ Gamma Chain Beta Chain ุถุฑุจุช ุชุตู†ุน ุจุฏู„ู‡ุง 

76
00:07:10,590 --> 00:07:15,360
Gamma Chain ูˆุตุงุฑ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… Hemoglobin F ุจูƒู…ูŠุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ 

77
00:07:15,360 --> 00:07:19,880
ุทุจุนุง 

78
00:07:19,880 --> 00:07:23,980
ุนู„ุงุฌู‡ู… ุงู„ู€ Transfusion ุงุณู…ู‡ SplenectomyุŒ Iron 

79
00:07:23,980 --> 00:07:28,980
-chelating agent ู‡ุงูŠ Blood Film ููŠู‡ Nucleated RBC 

80
00:07:28,980 --> 00:07:34,340
ููŠ Heinz Bodies ููŠู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ู…ู‚ุดุฑ ุญุงุฌุฉ ู„ุทูŠูุฉ ู…ู‚ุดุฑ 

81
00:07:34,340 --> 00:07:39,600
ู‡ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ RBC ุนุงุฏูŠุฉ ูˆูƒูˆูŠุณุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนุงุฏุฉ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ 

82
00:07:39,600 --> 00:07:44,370
Blood Transfusion ุชู…ุงู… hypercellular bone marrow 

83
00:07:44,370 --> 00:07:48,630
ู†ูŠุฌูŠ 

84
00:07:48,630 --> 00:07:54,390
ู„ู„ู€ Beta-thalassemia minor ุทุจุนุง ู‡ู†ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู€ beta 

85
00:07:54,390 --> 00:07:58,370
chain ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ููŠู‡ู… ููŠู‡ุง ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุฃูˆ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ููŠู‡ุง ุทุจูŠุนูŠุฉ 

86
00:07:58,370 --> 00:08:02,670
ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ู†ู‚ุต ููŠ ุชุตู†ูŠุน ุงู„ู€ beta chain ู„ูƒู† ู…ุด 

87
00:08:02,670 --> 00:08:06,370
ุงู†ุนุฏุงู… ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ู€ blood picture ุฒูŠ ุงู„ุดุฎุต 

88
00:08:06,370 --> 00:08:10,370
ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ูˆุญุชู‰ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ู…ุง ุฏูˆุฑ ุญุงู„ู‡ ุฃูˆ ู…ุง ุดูƒุด ุฅู†ู‡ ุนู†ุฏู‡ 

89
00:08:10,370 --> 00:08:13,490
beta-thalassemia ูˆุฑุงุญ ุฏูˆุฑ ุญุงู„ู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู…ุงูŠุนุฑูุดุŒ ุจุชูƒูˆู† 

90
00:08:13,490 --> 00:08:17,590
ุฃู†ูŠู…ูŠุง mild ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู€ target cellุŒ 

91
00:08:17,590 --> 00:08:20,710
ู…ุงุจู„ุงู‚ูŠุด ุงู„ู€ nucleated RBCs ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุดูˆู basophilic 

92
00:08:20,710 --> 00:08:24,730
stipplingุŒ Heinz bodies ู…ุงููŠุดุŒ serum iron ุจูŠูƒูˆู† 

93
00:08:24,730 --> 00:08:30,830
ุทุจูŠุนูŠุŒ ู‡ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ููŠ Hemoglobin A2 ู†ูŠุฌูŠ 

94
00:08:30,830 --> 00:08:35,240
ู„ู„ู€ alpha-thalassemia ุงู„ุฃู„ูุง ุซู„ุงุซูŠู…ูŠุง ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุฃู†ุชู… 

95
00:08:35,240 --> 00:08:40,220
ุนุงุฑููŠู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุฃุฑุจุน ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ 

96
00:08:40,220 --> 00:08:45,020
Alpha Chain ุฃุญูŠุงู†ุง ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุฃุฑุจุน ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ุถุงุฑุจูŠู† 

97
00:08:45,020 --> 00:08:49,220
ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู…ุงููŠุด ุนู†ุฏู†ุง Alpha Chain ุฎุงู„ุต ุจุชุชุตู†ุน ุทุจุนุง 

98
00:08:49,220 --> 00:08:54,360
ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจู†ุดุฃ ุทูู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠู…ูˆุช Hydrops Fetalis 

99
00:08:54,360 --> 00:08:59,660
ู…ุงุจูŠู‚ุฏุฑุด ูŠูƒู…ู„ ุจุณู…ูŠู‡ุง ุทุจุนุง Alpha Thalassemia Major 

100
00:08:59,660 --> 00:09:04,960
Homozygous ู…ุงููŠุด ุนู†ุฏู†ุง Alpha Chain ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ 

101
00:09:04,960 --> 00:09:09,260
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Alpha-thalassemia intermediate ุงู„ู€ 

102
00:09:09,260 --> 00:09:13,180
Alpha-thalassemia intermediate ุนุงุฏุฉู‹ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุซู„ุงุซุฉ 

103
00:09:13,180 --> 00:09:16,380
ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ุงุชุฃุซุฑูˆุง ุฃูˆ ุตุงุฑู„ู‡ู… deletion ู‡ู†ุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ 

104
00:09:16,380 --> 00:09:20,480
moderate decrease in Alpha-chain synthesis ุทุจุนุง 

105
00:09:20,480 --> 00:09:24,420
ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Beta-chain ุจู†ุดุฃ ุนู†ู‡ุง ุฃู†ุต stable 

106
00:09:24,420 --> 00:09:26,920
hemoglobin H ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ Beta-chain 

107
00:09:26,920 --> 00:09:33,150
ูˆุจูŠุนู…ู„ ุชุฑุณูŠุจ ููŠ ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุดูƒู„ hen's body ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐุง 

108
00:09:33,150 --> 00:09:37,210
ู‡ูŠุตูŠุฑ ู„ู€ Thalassemia 

109
00:09:37,210 --> 00:09:41,370
minor ุทุจุนุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ู†ุง deletion ู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ุฃูˆ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ู…ู† 

110
00:09:41,370 --> 00:09:45,770
ุงู„ู€ alpha chain ุงุญู†ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ู€ major ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุงู„ู€ 

111
00:09:45,770 --> 00:09:49,430
intermediate ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุฃูˆ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู‡ู†ุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ 

112
00:09:49,430 --> 00:09:52,870
slight decrease in alpha chain production mild or 

113
00:09:52,870 --> 00:09:56,010
no anemia ุจู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ููŠู‡ุง ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู€ target cells 

114
00:09:56,290 --> 00:10:00,430
Essentially Normal Electrophoresis ู…ู…ูƒู† ู…ุง ู†ู‚ุฏุฑุด 

115
00:10:00,430 --> 00:10:03,490
ู†ุนู…ู„ ู„ู‡ุง diagnosis ูˆุชุนุฏูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู€ 

116
00:10:03,490 --> 00:10:05,970
Electrophoresis ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ Normal ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ Normal 

117
00:10:05,970 --> 00:10:08,750
Electrophoresis ุงู„ู€ Beta-thalassemia major ู„ุฃู† 

118
00:10:08,750 --> 00:10:12,470
ุงู„ู‡ูŠู…ูˆุฌู„ูˆุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ F ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุชูุน Beta-thalassemia minor 

119
00:10:12,470 --> 00:10:15,830
ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุดูˆูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู‡ูŠู…ูˆุฌู„ูˆุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ A2 ุงู„ู€ Alpha 

120
00:10:15,830 --> 00:10:19,670
-thalassemia ู‡ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠู‡ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ุงู„ู€ Alpha-thalassemia 

121
00:10:19,670 --> 00:10:23,710
major ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุฅู†ู‡ ููŠ complete absence ู„ู„ู€ 

122
00:10:25,340 --> 00:10:28,380
ุงู„ู‡ูŠู…ูˆุฌู„ูˆุจูŠู† A ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠุชูƒูˆู† ุงู†ุชูŠ ุจุงุฑุฏ ุจุงุฑุฏ 

123
00:10:28,380 --> 00:10:33,580
ุงู„ู‡ูŠู…ูˆุฌู„ูˆุจูŠู† ุงู„ุจุงุฑุฏ ู‡ูŠู…ูˆุฌู„ูˆุจูŠู† ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุนู† 

124
00:10:33,580 --> 00:10:37,100
Hydrops Fetalis ุจุณ ุฃู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุจุฏูŠ ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูƒู… ูƒู…ุงู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€ 

125
00:10:37,100 --> 00:10:39,640
alpha-thalassemia intermediate ู‡ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ู€ alpha 

126
00:10:39,640 --> 00:10:42,700
-thalassemia minor ู‡ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ู€ electrophoresis ู„ู‡ุง 

127
00:10:42,700 --> 00:10:44,720
ุฒูŠ ูˆุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€ normal electrophoresis

128
00:10:47,960 --> 00:10:51,840
ุจุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุญูƒูŠู†ุงู‡ ุจุณ ุฃู†ุง ุจุฏูŠ ุฃูˆุฑุฌูŠูƒู… ู†ุณุจ ุงู„ู€

129
00:10:51,840 --> 00:10:54,500
Hemoglobin ููŠ ูƒู„ ุญุงู„ุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู€ Beta

130
00:10:54,500 --> 00:10:57,940
-thalassemia ููŠ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู€ homozygous ู‡ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ

131
00:10:57,940 --> 00:11:02,560
Hemoglobin F ู…ู† 40 ุฅู„ู‰ 90% ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Beta-thalassemia

132
00:11:02,560 --> 00:11:07,760
minor ู‡ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ Hemoglobin A2 ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุจุณ ุจุฑุถู‡ ู…ุด

133
00:11:07,760 --> 00:11:14,240
ู‡ูŠุฑุชูุน ูƒุชูŠุฑ ู…ู† 3.5 ุฅู„ู‰ 7% Hemoglobin F ู‡ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠู‡ 

134
00:11:14,240 --> 00:11:16,320
normal ููŠ 50% ู…ู† ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช

135
00:11:19,280 --> 00:11:22,520
ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ู€ Alpha-thalassemia ุงู„ู€ homozygous ุงู„ู€

136
00:11:22,520 --> 00:11:26,860
major ู‡ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ hemoglobin parts ุจุดูƒู„ 80% ููŠ ุงู„ู€ cord

137
00:11:26,860 --> 00:11:32,530
blood ุทุจุนุง ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุชูŠุฌูŠ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู€ Intermediate ู‡ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ

138
00:11:32,530 --> 00:11:37,190
Hemoglobin H ู†ุณุจุชู‡ ู…ู† 4 ุฅู„ู‰ 30% unstable or non

139
00:11:37,190 --> 00:11:39,730
-functional ุจุณูŠุฑูˆุชูƒุณูŠุฑ ุงู„ู€ Alpha-thalassemia

140
00:11:39,730 --> 00:11:43,730
heterozygous ู‡ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ููŠู‡ุง Hemoglobin parts ู…ู† 1 ุฅู„ู‰

141
00:11:43,730 --> 00:11:48,610
10% ููŠ ุงู„ู€ cord blood ู…ุด ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุฏู„ ุทุจุนุง Hemoglobin H

142
00:11:48,610 --> 00:11:52,770
ู†ุงุฏุฑ ู„ู…ุง ู†ุดูˆูู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ cord blood ูˆุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin A

143
00:11:52,770 --> 00:11:55,710
ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุงู‹ ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ slight decrease ูˆุงู„ุจู‚ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู†ุงู…ูŠุฉ

144
00:11:55,710 --> 00:11:58,490
ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู€ profile ุจุชุงุนู‡ุง ุฒูŠ ูˆุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€ normal

145
00:11:58,490 --> 00:12:03,750
Hemoglobin Electro ููŠ ูƒู„ ุดูŠุก

146
00:12:03,750 --> 00:12:08,250
ู‡ู†ุง

147
00:12:08,250 --> 00:12:11,530
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนู…ู„ู„ูŠ differential diagnosis ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุฃู†ูˆุงุน

148
00:12:11,530 --> 00:12:16,710
ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู„ู€ microcytic anemia ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ู€ beta

149
00:12:16,710 --> 00:12:19,050
-thalassemia ูˆ ุงู„ู€ alpha-thalassemia ุงู„

150
00:12:19,050 --> 00:12:24,150
sideroplastic ูˆ ุงู„ู€ iron deficiency ู‡ู†ุง ุทุจุนุง ู…ุด ุฐุงูƒุฑ

151
00:12:24,150 --> 00:12:27,390
ุงู„ู€ CPC ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ CPC ุฃู†ุง ุจู„ุฒู…ู†ูŠ ุจุณ ุนุดุงู† ุฃูุฑู‚ ุจูŠู†

152
00:12:27,390 --> 00:12:31,310
ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซูŠู…ูŠุง ูˆุงู„ู€ Iron deficiency ุชู…ุงู… ุงู„ู€ CPC

153
00:12:31,310 --> 00:12:34,970
ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ blood indices ูˆุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุก ู‡ุฐู‡

154
00:12:34,970 --> 00:12:40,310
ู…ุชุดุงุจู‡ุฉ ููŠู‡ู… ูƒู„ู‡ู… ุฅู„ุง ุจุนุถ ุงู„ูุฑู‚ุงุช ู‡ู†ุงุฎุฏู‡ุง ุจุงู„ุดุฑูŠุญุฉ

155
00:12:40,310 --> 00:12:46,450
ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุทูŠุจ ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ุฃูˆู„ ุญุงุฌุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Iron

156
00:12:46,450 --> 00:12:52,670
deficiency anemia serum iron level ู‡ูŠู†ู‚ุต ุจุฏูŠู‡ูŠ

157
00:12:52,670 --> 00:12:56,590
ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูˆุงู„ู€ Total Iron Binding Capacity ู‡ุชุฒูŠุฏ

158
00:12:56,590 --> 00:13:00,550
ูˆุงู„ููŠุฑูŠุชูŠู† ู‡ูŠู†ู‚ุต ุนูƒุณู‡ุง ุชู…ุงู…ุง ุงู„ู€ Sideroplastic

159
00:13:00,550 --> 00:13:04,630
Anemia ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุฏ ู†ู‚ุต ุงู„ู€ Total Iron Binding

160
00:13:04,630 --> 00:13:10,850
Capacity ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ููŠุฑูŠุชูŠู† ุชู…ุงู… ู‡ูŠูƒุŸ ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซูŠู…ูŠุง

161
00:13:10,850 --> 00:13:14,270
ู…ุงู„ู‡ุงุด ุฏุนูˆุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุฏ ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ู„ู„ู€ Hemoglobin

162
00:13:14,270 --> 00:13:16,790
Electrophoresis ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Iron Deficiency Anemia

163
00:13:16,790 --> 00:13:20,830
ู…ุงููŠุด ุฎู„ู„ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† Normal ููŠ

164
00:13:20,830 --> 00:13:24,090
ุงู„ู€ Beta-thalassemia ุญูŠุตูŠุฑ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ููŠ Hemoglobin A2

165
00:13:24,090 --> 00:13:27,310
Alpha-thalassemia Hemoglobin A2 ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† normal ููŠ

166
00:13:27,310 --> 00:13:29,590
ุงู„ุณูŠุฏุฑูˆุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒ ุฃู†ูŠู…ูŠุง ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† normal ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ูˆูŠู†

167
00:13:29,590 --> 00:13:33,590
ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Beta-thalassemia ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃุดูŠุงุก

168
00:13:33,590 --> 00:13:37,450
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุด ุดุฑุท ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุด ุจู‚ูŠุงุณ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฒูŠ ู…ุซู„ู‹ุง

169
00:13:37,450 --> 00:13:40,310
Basophilic Stippling ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุจุชูˆุฌุฏุด ููŠ ุงู„ู€Iron ููŠ ุดู†ุตูŠ

170
00:13:40,310 --> 00:13:43,290
ุฃู†ูŠู…ูŠุง ู„ูƒู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูˆุฌุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ูุจู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ

171
00:13:43,290 --> 00:13:48,070
ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุฌูŠุฒูŠ ู„ุฃูƒุชุฑ ุญุงุฌุชูŠู† ุจุบู„ุจูˆู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุชุดุฎูŠุต ุงู„ุตุญูŠุญ

172
00:13:48,560 --> 00:13:52,060
ูˆู‡ู†ุงุฎุฏ ุนู„ูŠู‡ู… cases ูƒุชูŠุฑ ูˆู†ุทุจู‚ ุจุฅุฐู† ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู…

173
00:13:52,060 --> 00:13:54,780
ุงู„ู€ Iron deficient anemia ูˆุงู„ุซู„ุงุซูŠู…ูŠุง ุฎุงุตุฉ ุทุจุนุง

174
00:13:54,780 --> 00:13:58,420
ุงู„ู€ Thalassemia trait ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุจุฏูŠ

175
00:13:58,420 --> 00:14:02,840
ุฃู„ุงุญุธ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃูุฑู‚ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ุฎู„ูŠู†ูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃุดูˆู ุงู„ู…ู†ุฐุฑ index

176
00:14:02,840 --> 00:14:08,620
ู‡ุฐุง ุนุงุฏุฉ MCV ุนู„ู‰ RBCs ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† 13 ููŠ ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซูŠู…ูŠุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ

177
00:14:08,620 --> 00:14:14,120
ุงุญู†ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ู…ุด ุซุงุจุชุฉ ู…ุนู‡ุง ุงู„ูƒุฑูŠุชูŠุฑูŠุง

178
00:14:14,120 --> 00:14:18,590
ู‡ุฐู‡ ูƒู„ู‡ุง ูุจู†ุถุทุฑ ู†ุถูŠู ูุญุตุงุช ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ ุญุชู‰ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู†ุนู…ู„

179
00:14:18,590 --> 00:14:22,630
Hemoglobin A2 and so on ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ CBC ู„ูˆุญุฏู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ

180
00:14:22,630 --> 00:14:25,630
ู…ุงุจูŠุนุทู†ุงุด diagnosis ู†ู‡ุงุฆูŠ ู„ู„ุซู„ุงุซูŠู…ูŠุง ูˆุงู„ู€ Iron

181
00:14:25,630 --> 00:14:28,350
Deficiency ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุงููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ุจุชูƒูˆู† ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ูˆููŠ

182
00:14:28,350 --> 00:14:32,550
ุญุงู„ุงุช ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุจูŠู† ุจูŠู† ูˆู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ู„ุฌุฃ ู„ู‡ูŠู…ูˆุฌู„ูˆุจูŠู† A2 ุฃูˆ

183
00:14:32,550 --> 00:14:35,310
Hemoglobin A2 ุฃูˆ ูุญุต ุงู„ู€ electrophoresis ุนุดุงู†

184
00:14:35,310 --> 00:14:40,950
ู†ู…ูŠุฒู‡ู… ุนู† ุจุนุถ ุทูŠุจ ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ู„ู„ู€ RBCs ุงู„ู€ RBCs ู‡ูŠ ุจู†ุงุฏุณุฉ

185
00:14:40,950 --> 00:14:44,700
ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซูŠู…ูŠุง ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ู„ูŠุดุŸ ุจุฃู† ุงู„ู€ bone marrow

186
00:14:44,700 --> 00:14:48,100
ุจูŠูƒูˆู† hypercellular ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ ููŠู‡ ุชูƒุณูŠุฑ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ

187
00:14:48,100 --> 00:14:52,460
ููŠู‡ ุชุตู†ูŠุน ุฃูƒุชุฑ ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู‡ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ RBCs ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุฎู„ุงู

188
00:14:52,460 --> 00:14:54,960
ุงู„ู€ Iron deficiency ุฃู†ูŠู…ูŠุฉ ุนุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ู€ RBCs ููŠู‡ุง

189
00:14:54,960 --> 00:14:58,840
ู‚ู„ูŠู„ุฉ ุงู„ู€ Thalassemia ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ู€ RBCs ููŠู‡ุง ููˆู‚

190
00:14:58,840 --> 00:15:01,920
ุงู„ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุงู„ู€ Iron deficiency ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุฃูˆ

191
00:15:01,920 --> 00:15:08,230
ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† ุฃุฑุจุน ูƒู…ุงู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ MCV ุนุงุฏุฉ ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† 70 ููŠ ุงู„ู€

192
00:15:08,230 --> 00:15:10,470
Thalassemia trait ูˆุฃูƒุชุฑ ู…ู† 70 ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Iron

193
00:15:10,470 --> 00:15:12,310
deficiency anemia ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‚ุฏ ู…ุง ุจู†ู‚ุต ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Iron

194
00:15:12,310 --> 00:15:15,250
deficiency anemia ูˆุฅู† ูƒุงู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠู†ู‚ุต ุนู† 70 ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ

195
00:15:15,250 --> 00:15:20,250
ุญุงู„ุชู‡ุง ู†ุดูˆูู‡ุง ููŠ Iron deficiency ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† 70 Red

196
00:15:20,250 --> 00:15:23,270
distribution with RDW ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Iron deficiency

197
00:15:23,270 --> 00:15:27,930
anemia ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุนุงู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ู‡ุฏ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู€ RDW ุงู„ู€

198
00:15:27,930 --> 00:15:33,440
RDW ู‡ูˆ ู…ู‚ุฏุงุฑ ุงู„ู€ variation ุจูŠู† ุฃุญุฌุงู… ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ู…ู‚ุฏุงุฑ

199
00:15:33,440 --> 00:15:37,420
ุงู„ู€ variation ุจูŠู† ุฃุญุฌุงู… ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุฏู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุฅู†ู‡

200
00:15:37,420 --> 00:15:40,600
ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูƒ ูƒุงู… population ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุงู„ู€ Iron

201
00:15:40,600 --> 00:15:44,500
deficiency ุนุงุฏุฉ ู…ุด ู‚ู„ุชู„ูƒู… ุฅู†ู‡ ุจุชู…ุฑ ุจู…ุฑุงุญู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ

202
00:15:44,500 --> 00:15:47,480
stage 1 ูˆ stage 2 ูˆ stage 3 ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู…ุด ู‡ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ูƒู„

203
00:15:47,480 --> 00:15:52,480
ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู€ stage ููŠ ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ู†ู‚ุต ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุฏ ูˆููŠ

204
00:15:52,480 --> 00:15:56,220
ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ู„ุณู‡ ูƒูˆูŠุณุฉ ูˆุนู…ุฑ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง 120 ูŠูˆู… ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ

205
00:15:56,220 --> 00:15:58,540
ู‡ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ููŠู‡ ุชุจุงูŠู† ููŠ ุฃุญุฌุงู… ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Iron

206
00:15:58,540 --> 00:16:02,340
deficiency ุจูŠุฑุชูุน ุงู„ู€ RDW ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซูŠู…ูŠุง

207
00:16:02,340 --> 00:16:07,500
ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠู‡ุง ูƒู„ู‡ุง ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ ุฒูŠ ุจุนุถ ู‡ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ู€ RDW ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู†

208
00:16:07,500 --> 00:16:13,620
17% ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ู†ุญูƒูŠ ููŠู‡ ุฃูƒุชุฑ ู…ู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ูˆ

209
00:16:13,620 --> 00:16:18,080
ู‡ู†ุญุงูˆู„ ู†ุฌูŠุจ ุนู„ุงู‚ุงุช ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃุดูŠุงุก ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ู€

210
00:16:18,080 --> 00:16:22,760
CPC ู†ุฑุจุท ุจูŠู†ู‡ุง ูˆู†ุญุงูˆู„ ู†ุนุฑู ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช Iron

211
00:16:22,760 --> 00:16:25,120
deficiency anemia ุฃูˆ ู„ุง ุซู„ุงุซูŠู…ูŠุง ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุชุทุจูŠู‚ ูŠุนู†ูŠ

212
00:16:25,120 --> 00:16:29,500
ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃู‡ู… ู„ุฃู† ุฃุญูŠุงู†ู‹ุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุชุฏุงุฎู„ู…ุงุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ

213
00:16:29,500 --> 00:16:32,080
ู…ุงุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠุด ุฎุท ูุงุตู„ ู‡ูŠ ุซู„ุงุซูŠู…ูŠุง ูˆู„ุง iron deficiency

214
00:16:32,080 --> 00:16:35,700
ุงู†ู…ูŠุง ูุจู†ุตูŠุฑ ู†ุฑุฌุญ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ูƒู„ ู…ุซู„ุง ุงู„ู€ criteria

215
00:16:35,700 --> 00:16:40,500
ุจุชู‚ูˆู„ ุงู†ู‡ุง ุซู„ุงุซูŠู…ูŠุง ู„ูƒู† ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ู€ RDW ุนุงู„ูŠ ุทุจ ุฅูŠุด

216
00:16:40,500 --> 00:16:44,400
ู‡ูŠุŸ ุทุจ ู‡ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู† ุซู„ุงุซูŠู…ูŠุง ูˆุฏุฎู„ุช ุนู„ู‰ ุฎุท ุงู„ู€ iron

217
00:16:44,400 --> 00:16:47,380
deficiency ุตุงุฑุช ุซู„ุงุซูŠู…ูŠุง ู…ุฑูƒุจุฉ ุนู„ู‰ iron deficiency

218
00:16:47,380 --> 00:16:50,780
ุงู†ู…ูŠุง ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู€ diagnosis ุฅู„ู‡ุง ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุดุงุฆู‚

219
00:16:50,780 --> 00:16:56,770
ู‡ุฐูŠ ูˆุจูŠุบู„ุจ ูˆุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฑุจ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ูŠู† ู‡ู†ุชุนุฑู ุนู„ูŠู‡ ู‡ูŠูƒ

220
00:16:56,770 --> 00:17:02,150
ุจู†ูƒูˆู† ู…ุฑูŠู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ุงู†ูŠู…ูŠุง ุญุณุจ

221
00:17:02,150 --> 00:17:05,290
ุงู„ุชู‚ุณูŠู…ุฉ ุจุชุงุนุชู†ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุญูƒูŠุงู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุชู„ุช ุฃู†ูˆุงุน

222
00:17:05,290 --> 00:17:10,910
microcytic hypochromic microcytic normochromic ูˆ

223
00:17:10,910 --> 00:17:15,830
normocytic normochromic ู‡ู†ุจุฏุฃ ู†ุจู„ุด ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ูˆุน

224
00:17:15,830 --> 00:17:21,790
ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ macrocytic normochromic anemia ููŠ

225
00:17:21,790 --> 00:17:25,530
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ู†ุดูˆู blood film ู‡ู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง

226
00:17:25,530 --> 00:17:30,910
ูƒู„ู‡ุง ุฎู„ุงูŠุง macrocytic ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ุจู†ูˆุนุงุช ุงู„

227
00:17:30,910 --> 00:17:34,330
small lymphocyte ู…ู„ุงุญุธูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€ blood film ู‡ุฐุง ูƒู„

228
00:17:34,330 --> 00:17:41,110
ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุญุฌู…ู‡ุง ูƒุจูŠุฑ ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงู‚ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„

229
00:17:41,110 --> 00:17:45,030
macrocytic anemia ุจุชู†ู‚ุณู… ุฅู„ู‰ ู†ูˆุนูŠู† ู†ูˆุน

230
00:17:45,030 --> 00:17:49,710
megaloblastic anemia ูˆู†ูˆุน non megaloblastic anemia

231
00:17:50,450 --> 00:17:56,050
ุงู„ู€ megaloblastic anemia ุนุงุฏุฉ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุจุณุจุจ ู†ู‚ุต ุฅู…ุง

232
00:17:56,050 --> 00:18:00,770
ุงู„ู€ vitamin B12 ุฃูˆ ุงู„ููˆู„ุงุช ุฃูˆ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุฎู„ู„ ููŠ

233
00:18:00,770 --> 00:18:05,690
ุงู„ู…ูŠุชุงุจูˆู„ูŠุฒู… ู„ุฅู„ู‡ู… ุงู„ู€ vitamin B12 ูˆ ุงู„ููˆู„ุงุช ุงู„ู€

234
00:18:05,690 --> 00:18:08,510
non megaloblastic anemia ุจุชูƒูˆู†ุด ุจุณุจุจ ู†ู‚ุต ู‡ุฐู‡

235
00:18:08,510 --> 00:18:13,950
ุงู„ุนู†ุงุตุฑ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุณุจุจ ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€ liver

236
00:18:13,950 --> 00:18:19,320
disease ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€ alcoholism Post splenectomy ุฒูŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช

237
00:18:19,320 --> 00:18:22,120
neonatal macrocytosis ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ reticulocyte ุจุชูƒูˆู†

238
00:18:22,120 --> 00:18:25,880
ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… stress arthritis ุจุฑุถู‡ ุจุณุจุจ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„

239
00:18:25,880 --> 00:18:31,740
reticulocyte ุงู„ู…ูŠุฌุงู„ูˆุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒ ุฃู†ูŠู…ูŠุง ุงู„ู…ูŠุฌุงู„ูˆุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒ

240
00:18:31,740 --> 00:18:37,300
ุฃู†ูŠู…ูŠุง ุนุงุฏุฉ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุจุณุจุจ ู†ู‚ุต ููŠ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง

241
00:18:37,300 --> 00:18:41,460
ุฃุญุฏ ุงู„ุนู†ุงุตุฑ ุงู„ู€ vitamin B12 ุฃูˆ ุงู„ููˆู„ูŠูƒ ุฃุณูŠุฏ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ

242
00:18:41,460 --> 00:18:48,260
ุงู„ููˆู„ุงุช ุทุจุนุง ู†ู‚ุต ุฃุญุฏ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู†ุงุตุฑ ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ููŠ

243
00:18:48,260 --> 00:18:53,140
ุญุฌู… ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ููŠ ุญุฌู… ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง

244
00:18:53,140 --> 00:18:58,920
ุนุงุฑููŠู† Vitamin B12 ูˆุงู„ููˆู„ุงุช ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู…ู‡ู…ูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„

245
00:18:58,920 --> 00:19:03,340
DNA synthesis ูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆุง ูƒู€ coenzymes ููŠ ุงู„ู€ DNA

246
00:19:03,340 --> 00:19:08,440
synthesis ูุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ููŠ ู†ู‚ุต ููŠู‡ู… ู‡ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุฅู†ู‡ ููŠ ุฎู„ู„

247
00:19:08,440 --> 00:19:14,290
ููŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู†ู‚ุณุงู… ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุงู†ู‚ุณุงู… ุงู„ู†ูˆุงุฉ ุจุดูƒู„ ุฃุณุงุณูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ

248
00:19:14,290 --> 00:19:19,110
ู‡ุชุตูŠุฑ ุฅู† ุงู„ู†ูˆุงุฉ ุชูƒุจุฑ ู„ูƒู† ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠ ุฎู„ู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุนู†ุงุตุฑ

249
00:19:19,110 --> 00:19:23,410
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ุงุฒู…ุฉ ู„ุงู†ู‚ุณุงู…ู‡ุง ู„ู† ุชู†ู‚ุณู… ุงู„ู†ูˆุงุฉ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู„ู†

250
00:19:23,410 --> 00:19:26,470
ู†ู‚ุณู… ุงู„ู€ cytoplasm ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ู‡ุชุทุฑุฏ ุงู„ู†ูˆุงุฉ 

251
00:19:26,470 --> 00:19:30,210
ุชุงุนุชู‡ุง ูˆูŠุธู„ ุนู†ุฏูŠ the cytoplasm double ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€

252
00:19:30,210 --> 00:19:33,510
cytoplasm ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ูƒุงู† ุงู„ู…ูุฑูˆุถ ูŠู†ู‚ุณู… ุจุณ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู†ูˆุน

253
00:19:33,510 --> 00:19:38,210
ู…ุง ู‚ุฏุฑุชุด ุชู†ู‚ุณู… ู…ุง ู‚ุฏุฑุด ุงู„ู€ cytoplasm ูŠู†ู‚ุณู… ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐุง

254
00:19:38,210 --> 00:19:43,530
ูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง megaloplastic maturationุงู„ู†ูˆุน

255
00:19:43,530 --> 00:19:49,270
ุจุชูƒุจุฑ ูƒุซูŠุฑ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ู€ nucleus

256
00:19:49,270 --> 00:19:52,050
ุงู†ู‚ุณู… ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ู€ cytoplasm ู…ุง ุจูŠู†ู‚ุณู… ูƒุซูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏ

257
00:19:52,050 --> 00:19:58,570
ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠู†ุชุฌ ุนู†ู‡ Enlarged Fragile

258
00:19:58,570 --> 00:20:04,690
Cells ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู‡ุดุฉ ูˆุถุนูŠูุฉ ู…ุนุธู… ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง

259
00:20:04,690 --> 00:20:07,910
ุฃูˆ ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุจูŠู…ูˆุช ููŠ ุงู„ู€ bone marrow ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ูŠุทู„ุน

260
00:20:07,910 --> 00:20:11,280
ุงู„ู€ Peripheral Bloodู„ุฃู† ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชูƒูˆู† non

261
00:20:11,280 --> 00:20:14,100
-functional ูˆ fragile ูุจุชู… ุงู„ุชุฎู„ุต ู…ู†ู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€ bone

262
00:20:14,100 --> 00:20:20,460
marrow ุฃูˆ ุจุชุชูƒุณุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ bone marrow ุทุจุนุง ุณูˆุงุก ุงู„

263
00:20:20,460 --> 00:20:23,600
vitamin B12 ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ folic acid deficiency ุงู„ุงุซู†ูŠู†

264
00:20:23,600 --> 00:20:27,760
ุจูŠุนุทูˆู†ูŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู€ blood picture ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุนุทูˆู†ูŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„

265
00:20:27,760 --> 00:20:32,140
blood film ูˆ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู€ CBC ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Vitamin B12

266
00:20:32,140 --> 00:20:36,520
deficiency ู‡ู†ุง ุจู†ู„ุงุญุธ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ุง ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ

267
00:20:36,520 --> 00:20:43,000
ุจุงู„ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ุนุตุจูŠ ุจุชุนู…ู„ ุจุนุถ ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ุฒูŠ ุชู†ู…ูŠู„ ูˆุฎุฏุฑุงู†

268
00:20:43,000 --> 00:20:47,520
ูˆุฃุดูŠุงุก ุฒูŠ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุทุจุนุง ูˆู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุนู…ู„ nervousness ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ

269
00:20:47,520 --> 00:20:51,060
ุนุงุฏุฉ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ู€ megaloplastic anemia ู…ุตุงุญุจุฉ ู„ู‡ุฐู‡

270
00:20:51,060 --> 00:20:59,060
ุงู„ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ุจู†ุดูƒ ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠู‡ ู†ู‚ุต ููŠ Vitamin B12 ุทุจุนุง ู„ุฃู† ู„ูˆ

271
00:20:59,060 --> 00:21:03,040
ุฃุฌูŠู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง ู†ู‚ุงุฑู† ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ maturation series ููŠ

272
00:21:03,040 --> 00:21:07,120
ุงู„ู€ normal ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ normal plastic maturation ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ

273
00:21:07,120 --> 00:21:11,040
ุจุงู„ู€ megaloplastic maturation ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุฃู†ุชู… ุดุงูŠููŠู†

274
00:21:11,040 --> 00:21:15,080
ูƒู„ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุจุชุจุฏุฃ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ูˆ ุจุชุณุชู…ุฑ ุจุชุธู„ ุญุฌู…ู‡ุง ูƒุจูŠุฑ

275
00:21:15,080 --> 00:21:19,460
ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ู…ุง ุชุฎุฑุฌ ู„ู„ู€ peripheral blood ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุงู„

276
00:21:19,460 --> 00:21:22,400
microcytic ุทุจุนุง ุดูู†ุงู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€ microcytic anemia

277
00:21:22,400 --> 00:21:25,720
ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุจุชุจุฏุฃ ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ ูˆ ุจุชุทู„ุน ุนู†ุฏูŠ microcytic cells

278
00:21:28,360 --> 00:21:32,680
ุงู„ุขู† ู†ุฌูŠ ู„ู„ู€ lab finding ููŠ ุงู„ู€ megaloplastic anemia

279
00:21:32,680 --> 00:21:37,060
ุงูŠุด ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุจุชุจูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชุจุฑ mild to

280
00:21:37,060 --> 00:21:42,840
severe anemia ุจุฅูŠุด ุจุชุชู…ูŠุฒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃู†ูŠู…ูŠุง ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ู€ MCV

281
00:21:42,840 --> 00:21:48,020
ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ู€ MCV ุนุงู„ูŠ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ูˆุฏู‡ ุญุฌู…

282
00:21:48,020 --> 00:21:56,240
ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ูƒุจูŠุฑ ุงู„ู€ MCH ุนุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุงู„ู€ MCHC ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู†

283
00:21:56,240 --> 00:22:03,270
normal ุทูŠุจ ู„ูŠุด ุงู„ู€ MCH ุนุงู„ูŠ ูˆ ุงู„ู€ MCHC normal ุทุจุนุง

284
00:22:03,270 --> 00:22:09,110
ุงู„ู€ MCV ู„ู…ุง ุจูŠูƒุจุฑ ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุจุชูƒุจุฑ ุจู…ุง ููŠู‡ุง ู…ู† ู…ุญุชูˆู‰

285
00:22:09,110 --> 00:22:13,770
ู‡ูŠู…ูˆุฌู„ูˆุจูŠู† ูˆุฅุญู†ุง ุฅุฐุง ูุงูƒุฑูŠู† ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ MCH ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ

286
00:22:13,770 --> 00:22:18,290
ุนู† ูˆุฒู† ุงู„ู‡ูŠู…ูˆุฌู„ูˆุจูŠู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ูุจุฏูŠู‡ูŠ

287
00:22:18,290 --> 00:22:22,150
ุทุงู„ู…ุง ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ูƒุจุฑุช ู‡ูŠุฒูŠุฏ ูˆุฒู† ุงู„ู‡ูŠู…ูˆุฌู„ูˆุจูŠู† ููŠู‡ุง

288
00:22:22,150 --> 00:22:27,610
ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ู€ MCH ู‡ูŠุฒูŠุฏ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู€ MCHC ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุฃู†ุชู… 

289
00:22:27,610 --> 00:22:31,510
ุนุงุฑููŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุนุจุฑ ุนู† ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ู€ hemoglobin ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ

290
00:22:31,510 --> 00:22:35,610
ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ hemoglobin ุตุญ ู‡ูˆ ูˆุฒู†ุชู‡ ูƒุชูŠุฑุฉ ู„ูƒู†

291
00:22:35,610 --> 00:22:40,170
ู…ุชู†ุงุณุจ ู…ุน ุญุฌู… ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅุญู†ุง ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ู€ MCHC

292
00:22:40,170 --> 00:22:42,990
ุจู†ุฌูŠุจ ู†ุณุจุฉ ู…ุฆูˆูŠุฉ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ูˆุฒู† ุงู„ู€ hemoglobin ูˆุญุฌู…

293
00:22:42,990 --> 00:22:48,730
ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุทุงู„ู…ุง ุงู„ุงุซู†ูŠู† ูƒุชุฑูˆุง ุงู„ู€ MCH ูˆ ุงู„ู€

294
00:22:48,730 --> 00:22:54,160
MCV ู‡ุชูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุงู„ู€ MCHC normal ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุตู†ูู†ุงู‡ุง ุฅู†ู‡ุง

295
00:22:54,160 --> 00:23:00,620
normochromic ุฃู†ูŠู…ูŠุง normochromic ุฃู†ูŠู…ูŠุง ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„

296
00:23:00,620 --> 00:23:04,800
parameters ู‡ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุงู„ู€ hemoglobin ุงู„ู€ white

297
00:23:04,800 --> 00:23:08,540
blood cells ุงู„ุจู„ุงูŠุชู„ูŠุชุณ let's count ูƒู„ู‡ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠู‡ุง ู„ูˆ

298
00:23:08,540 --> 00:23:13,000
ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุชุตู†ุน ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠู‡ุง

299
00:23:13,000 --> 00:23:17,700
fragile cells ุณู‡ู„ ุฅู†ู‡ ุชุชูƒุณุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ bone marrow ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุฃูŠ

300
00:23:17,700 --> 00:23:22,140
ู…ูƒุงู† ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ู€ reticulocyte count ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‚ู„ูŠู„

301
00:23:24,460 --> 00:23:27,780
Macrocytic Ovalocytes and Teardrops ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃุดูŠุงุก

302
00:23:27,780 --> 00:23:30,480
ุจุดูˆูู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Peripheral Blood ุจุดูˆู Ovalocytes

303
00:23:30,480 --> 00:23:35,620
ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ุจุดูˆู ุงู„ู€ Teardrop ุทุจุนุง Marked Erythroid Exocytosis

304
00:23:35,620 --> 00:23:39,480
and Pancytopenia ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุดูˆู Schistocytes ุฃูˆ

305
00:23:39,480 --> 00:23:43,380
Microcytes ู„ูŠุดุŸ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุฃุณุงุณุง ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง fragile

306
00:23:43,380 --> 00:23:47,040
ูˆ ุจุชุชูƒุณุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ bone marrow ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุดูˆู ู‚ุทุนุฉ ู…ู†ู‡ุง

307
00:23:47,040 --> 00:23:52,130
ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Peripheral Blood Erythroid Hyperplasia ู‡ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ

308
00:23:52,130 --> 00:23:57,010
ุฅู† ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ erythroid ุจุฏุฃุช ุชุฑุชูุน ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ Myeloid

309
00:23:57,010 --> 00:24:04,190
Erythroid Ratio ู‡ุชู†ุฒู„ ุงู„ู€ Iron Stores ู‡ุชุฒูŠุฏ ู„ุฃู†ู‡

310
00:24:04,190 --> 00:24:07,090
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุฅู† ููŠ ู†ู‚ุต ููŠ ุงู„ู€ folic acid ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ู€

311
00:24:07,090 --> 00:24:12,630
Vitamin B12 ููƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูŠุฃุซุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุฅู† ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ู…ุง ุจุชุชุตู†ุน

312
00:24:12,630 --> 00:24:16,590
ุจุดูƒู„ ูƒูˆูŠุณ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุญุฏูŠุฏ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุฏ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูŠุจู„ุด

313
00:24:16,900 --> 00:24:19,800
ูŠุชุฎุฒู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅุฐุง ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุฏุนูˆุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุฏ ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุฏ ู‡ู†ุง

314
00:24:19,800 --> 00:24:22,980
ู…ุง ููŠุด ููŠู‡ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ูˆุงู„ุฎู„ู„ ููŠ ุดูŠุก ุชุงู†ูŠ ูุจุชุงุน ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุฏ

315
00:24:22,980 --> 00:24:26,220
ู‡ูŠุจุฏุฃ ูŠุฒูŠุฏ ุนู† ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ูˆูŠุชุฌู…ุน ููŠ ุงู„ู€ bone marrow

316
00:24:26,220 --> 00:24:31,260
ูˆููŠ ุงู„ู€ iron stores ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุฃูƒุชุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ blood film

317
00:24:31,260 --> 00:24:35,520
ุจูŠุจูŠู† ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ุฃูˆู„ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ู„ุงุญุธ ุงู„ุญุฌู…

318
00:24:35,520 --> 00:24:39,520
ุชุงุน ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุชุงุน ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ovalocytes

319
00:24:39,520 --> 00:24:43,900
ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุฃู†ุชู… ุดุงูŠููŠู† ู…ู„ุญูˆุธุฉ ุฅุฐุง macrocytic ovalocytes

320
00:24:43,900 --> 00:24:50,820
ู‡ูŠู‡ ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ูˆุฌูˆุฏ nucleated RBCs ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุดูˆู

321
00:24:50,820 --> 00:24:54,940
nucleated RBCs ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุดูˆู tear drop ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุดูˆู

322
00:24:54,940 --> 00:24:58,140
schistocytes ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุดูˆู Howell Jolly bodies ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ

323
00:24:58,140 --> 00:25:03,620
ุนู† ุจู‚ุงูŠุง DNA ุงู„ู€ Howell Jolly bodies Basophilic stippling

324
00:25:03,620 --> 00:25:07,460
ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุดูˆู giant platelets ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุดูˆู hyper

325
00:25:07,460 --> 00:25:13,500
segmented bodies ููŠ ุนู†ุฏ ู‡ู†ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุจูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆู‡ุง ู…ู…ูŠุฒุฉ ู„ุญุงู„ุงุช

326
00:25:13,500 --> 00:25:17,270
ุงู„ู€ megaloplastic anemia ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ hyper

327
00:25:17,270 --> 00:25:20,710
-segmented neutrophils ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ู€ neutrophils

328
00:25:20,710 --> 00:25:26,290
ููŠู‡ุง hyper-segmentation ุงู„ู€ bone marrow ุนุงู…ุฉ ุจูŠุดุชุบู„ ุจุฃู‚ู„

329
00:25:26,290 --> 00:25:30,390
ู…ู† ุฑุงุญุชู‡ ุจุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† ู…ู‡ู„ุฉ ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู‡ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง

330
00:25:30,390 --> 00:25:37,010
ู‡ูŠุตูŠุฑ ู„ู‡ุง hyper-segmentation ู†ูŠุฌูŠ

331
00:25:37,010 --> 00:25:41,260
ู„ู€ vitamin B12 deficiency ุงู„ุขู† vitamin B12

332
00:25:41,260 --> 00:25:44,000
deficiency ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุฅุญู†ุง ุนุงุฑููŠู† ู‡ูˆ ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุง ููŠ ุชุตู†ูŠุน

333
00:25:44,000 --> 00:25:47,200
ุงู„ู€ myelin ุดูŠุก ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุงู„ุนุตุจูŠุฉ ูุฏู‡ ุตุงุฑ ููŠู‡

334
00:25:47,200 --> 00:25:50,900
deficiency ู…ู† ุถู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุฅุถุงูุฉ ู„ู„ุฃู†ูŠู…ูŠุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ

335
00:25:50,900 --> 00:25:54,940
ุนู†ู‡ุง ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ุนุตุจูŠุฉ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ุทูŠุจ ู…ู† .. ู…ู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู†

336
00:25:54,940 --> 00:25:58,540
ุงูŠุด ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ deficiencyุŸ ุฅู…ุง ุฅู†ู‡ ุฎู„ู„ ููŠ ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„

337
00:25:58,540 --> 00:26:02,680
vitamin B12 ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏู‡ุง ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุฃูˆ ุฎู„ู„ ููŠ ุงู…ุชุตุงุตู‡

338
00:26:02,680 --> 00:26:07,630
ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุงุณุชูุงุฏุฉ ู…ู†ู‡ ููŠ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ุฃูˆู„ ุญุงุฌุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃูˆู„

339
00:26:07,630 --> 00:26:12,630
ุงู„ุฃุณุจุงุจ ุงู„ู€ nutritional deficiency ุฃูˆ ุฃู† ุงู„ุทุนุงู…

340
00:26:12,630 --> 00:26:16,070
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุชุฃุฎุฐ ู…ุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ู„ู‡ proteolysis ูƒูˆูŠุณ ููŠ ุงู„ ..

341
00:26:16,070 --> 00:26:19,790
ููŠ ุงู„ .. ููŠ ุงู„ู€ stomach ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู…ุง ุจูŠุทู„ุนุด vitamin

342
00:26:19,790 --> 00:26:24,070
B12 ุจุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู„ุฌุณู… ูŠุณุชููŠุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ุง loss or

343
00:26:24,070 --> 00:26:27,170
atrophy of gastric mucosa ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุตุงุฑ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ

344
00:26:27,170 --> 00:26:31,620
ุงู„ู…ุนุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ gastric mucosa ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุตูŠุฑ Deficiency

345
00:26:31,620 --> 00:26:34,420
ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Intrinsic Factor ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุฑุชุจุท ู…ุน ุงู„ู€

346
00:26:34,420 --> 00:26:37,880
Vitamin B12 ูˆุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ู„ู‡ ุงู…ุชุตุงุต ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ูุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ููŠู‡

347
00:26:37,880 --> 00:26:42,360
ู†ู‚ุต ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Intrinsic Factor ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุด ุฑุงุญ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ุงู…ุชุตุงุต

348
00:26:42,360 --> 00:26:46,540
ู„ู€ Vitamin B12 abnormal events in the small bowel

349
00:26:46,540 --> 00:26:49,480
ุงู„ูŠูˆู…ูŠู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠู‡ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃู…ุนุงุก ุงู„ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€

350
00:26:49,480 --> 00:26:52,620
small bowel ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู† inadequate pancreatic

351
00:26:52,620 --> 00:26:56,080
proteases ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠุงุฒ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุจู†ูƒุฑูŠุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ

352
00:26:56,080 --> 00:26:59,800
ุจูŠูุฑุฒู‡ ุงู„ุจู†ูƒุฑูŠุงุณ ุบูŠุฑ ูƒุงููŠุฉ competing agents like

353
00:26:59,800 --> 00:27:03,780
ููŠุดุชุงุจ ูˆููˆู‚ worms ู…ู…ูƒู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ deficiency

354
00:27:03,780 --> 00:27:08,300
ุจุชุชู†ุงูุณ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ vitamin ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ food ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ

355
00:27:08,300 --> 00:27:12,180
ู„ู„ููˆู„ูŠูƒ ุงู„ุฏููŠุดู†ุณูŠ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ folic acid deficiency ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ

356
00:27:12,180 --> 00:27:16,720
ู„ู„ููˆู„ูŠูƒ ุงู„ุฏููŠุดู†ุณูŠ ุทุจุนุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุจุณุจุจ deficient

357
00:27:16,720 --> 00:27:21,030
intake ู…ุน ุงู„ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงู„ุฒุงุฆุฏุฉ ู„ู‡ ุฒูŠ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„

358
00:27:21,030 --> 00:27:24,970
pregnancy ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ุฃุทูุงู„ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุงู„

359
00:27:24,970 --> 00:27:28,750
proliferation ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู€ psoriasis

360
00:27:28,750 --> 00:27:34,530
ุจุฑุถู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุตุงุฑ ู„ู‡ malabsorption ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู†

361
00:27:34,530 --> 00:27:38,130
ุจุณุจุจ congenital and drug-induced ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃุณุจุงุจ ูŠุนู†ูŠ

362
00:27:38,130 --> 00:27:43,090
ุนูŠูˆุจ ุฎู„ู‚ูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ ุจุณุจุจ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุฏูˆูŠุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุฎู„ู„ ููŠ

363
00:27:43,090 --> 00:27:48,430
ุงู„ู€ metabolism ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ู€ folate ู…ุซู„ุง ู†ู‚ุต ุซูŠุงู…ูŠู† ุฃูˆ ุจุนุถ

364
00:27:48,430 --> 00:27:51,570
ุงู„ุฃู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุชู…ุซูŠู„ ุงู„ู€ folate

365
00:29:01,970 --> 00:29:07,010
ุงู„ู€ Schilling test ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู… ู„ุชุดุฎูŠุต ุงู„ู€ pernicious anemia

366
00:29:07,010 --> 00:29:10,890
ูˆู†ุดูˆู ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนุดุงู† ู†ุดูˆู ุงูŠุด ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃุฏุช ู„ุญุฏูˆุซ

367
00:29:10,890 --> 00:29:14,290
ู†ู‚ุต vitamin B12 ุฃู†ุง ุจุฑูˆุญ ุจุนุทูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุฌุฑุนุฉ ู…ู†

368
00:29:14,290 --> 00:29:18,770
vitamin B12 ูˆุจุชุงุจุน ุงู„ุฌุฑุนุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุขู† ุฅุฐุง ุธู‡ุฑุช ููŠ ุงู„

369
00:29:18,770 --> 00:29:23,930
urine ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุฅู†ู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู…ุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ูˆุด ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ูˆุฅู†ู…ุง

370
00:29:23,930 --> 00:29:28,390
ู…ุดูƒู„ุชู‡ ูƒุงู†ุช ููŠ ู†ู‚ุต malnutrition ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุดูƒู„ุชู‡

371
00:29:28,390 --> 00:29:31,540
nutritional deficiency ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„

372
00:29:31,540 --> 00:29:36,340
absorption ู„ูƒู† ู„ูˆ ู…ุง ุธู‡ุฑุช ููŠ ุงู„ู€ urine ุจุฑูˆุญ ุจุนุทูŠ

373
00:29:36,340 --> 00:29:40,760
ุงู„ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจุนุทูŠ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ vitamin B12 intrinsic

374
00:29:40,760 --> 00:29:45,740
factor ู‡ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ุฃุนุทูŠุช ุงู„ู€ intrinsic

375
00:29:45,740 --> 00:29:49,340
factor ุธู‡ุฑ ุงู„ู€ vitamin B12 ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ุฃุนุทูŠุชู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู€
urine

376
00:29:49,340 --> 00:29:52,480
urine ู…ุนู†ู‰ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุฅู†ู‡ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ intrinsic

377
00:29:52,480 --> 00:29:57,780
factor ูˆู„ู…ุง ุฃู†ุง ุฏุฎู„ุชู‡ ุงู†ุญู„ุช ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ู„ูƒู† ู„ูˆ ู…ุง ุธู‡ุฑ

378
00:29:57,780 --> 00:30:00,440
ุจุงู„ู€ urine ุจู†ุฎุด ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ

379
00:30:00,440 --> 00:30:03,720
ุงู„ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซุฉ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ุจุดูˆู ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ููŠ

380
00:30:03,720 --> 00:30:07,420
ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ intestine ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ pancreas ุชู…ุงู… ู‡ุฐุง

381
00:30:07,420 --> 00:30:11,640
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูุชุฑุฉ ุจุณูŠุทุฉ ุนู† shelling test ู†ุฌูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ non

382
00:30:11,640 --> 00:30:16,580
megaloplastic anemia ู‡ู†ุง ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุฃู† ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง

383
00:30:16,580 --> 00:30:21,380
ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ุจุณ ู…ุด ุจุณุจุจ ู†ู‚ุต ุงู„ู€ vitamin B12 ุฃูˆ ุงู„ููˆู„ุงุช

384
00:30:21,380 --> 00:30:26,950
ุนุงุฏุฉู‹ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู‡ู… ุงู„ุฃุณุจุงุจ ุดูŠูˆุนู‹ุง ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠ ุงู†ุฏูŠ

385
00:30:26,950 --> 00:30:30,150
accelerated erythropoiesis ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ bone marrow ุจูŠุดุชุบู„

386
00:30:30,150 --> 00:30:33,610
ุชุญุช stress ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุทู„ุน ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ reticulocyte ู‡ูŠู‡ุง

387
00:30:33,610 --> 00:30:38,290
ู…ุจูŠู†ุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€ V ููŠ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ

388
00:30:38,290 --> 00:30:41,390
ุจุดูˆูŠุฉ ูˆู„ูˆู†ู‡ุง ูˆุงุฎุฏ ุงู„ู„ูˆู† ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ pink ู„ู„ู€ blue

389
00:30:41,390 --> 00:30:48,550
ุทุจุนู‹ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู„ู€ MCV ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰

390
00:30:48,550 --> 00:30:51,270
ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ liver disease and alcoholism ู‡ู†ุง

391
00:30:51,270 --> 00:30:54,250
ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู†ูŠู…ูŠุง ุจู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… round

392
00:30:54,250 --> 00:30:58,850
macrocytosis ุจู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… poikilocytosis ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู†

393
00:30:58,850 --> 00:31:02,430
ุฃุดูˆู target cell ุฃูƒุงู†ุซูˆุณูŠุช ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุดูˆู ุฅูŠูƒูŠู†ูˆุณูŠุช

394
00:31:02,430 --> 00:31:07,310
ุทุจุนู‹ุง ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ู†ู‚ุต ููŠ ุงู„ู€ lipid ุฃูˆ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ

395
00:31:07,310 --> 00:31:10,190
ููŠ ุงู„ู€ lipid metabolism ุทุจุนู‹ุง ุงู„ู€ lipid ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ุฌุฏู‹ุง ููŠ

396
00:31:10,190 --> 00:31:13,630
cell membrane ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ููŠู‡ุง deficiency ู‡ุฐุง

397
00:31:13,630 --> 00:31:17,250
ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฅู† ุงู„ู€ cell membrane ู…ุง ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุจุดูƒู„

398
00:31:17,250 --> 00:31:20,590
ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ูุจุชุธู‡ุฑ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ acanthocyte ูˆ ุงู„ู€ echinocyte

399
00:31:20,590 --> 00:31:26,130
ูˆ ุงู„ุฃุดูƒุงู„ ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ู†ูŠุฌูŠ 

400
00:31:26,130 --> 00:31:29,270
ู„ู„ู€ differential diagnosis ูƒูŠู ู†ู…ูŠุฒ ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ุฃู†ูŠู…ูŠุง

401
00:31:29,270 --> 00:31:32,290
ู‡ู„ ู‡ูŠ megaloplastic ูˆู„ุง non-megaloplastic ุจู†ุนู…ู„

402
00:31:32,290 --> 00:31:36,990
vitamin B12 ูˆ ุงู„ู€ folate level ู…ู…ูƒู† ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุญุงุฌุงุช

403
00:31:36,990 --> 00:31:40,690
ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู…ูŠุฒุฉ ู„ู€ megaloplastic anemia ุฒูŠ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ู€

404
00:31:40,690 --> 00:31:44,570
hyper-segmented neutrophil ูˆุจุฑุถู‡ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู€ morphology

405
00:31:44,570 --> 00:31:49,270
ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุฏู„ู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุนู…ู„ู†ุง ู„ูˆ ู„ุงุญุธู†ุง ููŠ

406
00:31:49,270 --> 00:31:51,710
ุงู„ู€ blood film ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ููŠู‡ macrocytosis ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ non

407
00:31:51,710 --> 00:31:55,410
-megaloplastic ู…ุซู„ู‹ุง ู‡ู„ุงุญุธ ููŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€

408
00:31:55,410 --> 00:31:57,910
polychromasia ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ reticulocyte ุจุนุฏุฏ ูƒุจูŠุฑ

409
00:31:57,910 --> 00:32:00,530
ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ู‡ู†ุง ู…ุงุจุชูƒูˆู†ุด ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ megaloplastic

410
00:32:00,530 --> 00:32:05,170
ุฃู†ูŠู…ูŠุง ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุจุฑุถู‡ ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู†ุช ุญุงู„ุฉ liver

411
00:32:05,170 --> 00:32:08,530
disease ู‡ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุชุบูŠุฑ ููŠ ุฃุดูƒุงู„ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุฑุงุฌุน

412
00:32:08,530 --> 00:32:10,870
ุนู„ู‰ ุฎู„ุงู„ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ cell membrane ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€ acanthocyte ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€

413
00:32:11,980 --> 00:32:12,400
ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุง