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1
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ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ู…ูˆุถูˆุนู†ุง ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุนู† ุนุงุฆู„ุฉ
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ูƒูŠู…ูŠุงุฆูŠุฉ ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ูˆุธูŠููŠุฉ ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„
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aethers ุทุจุนุง ุนู„ู‰ ุทูˆู„ ุนุฏุฏ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ู…ู†ูƒู… ู‡ูŠุชุฐูƒุฑ ุงู† ุงู„
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aethers ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ุตูŠุบุฉ ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉ ROR ูŠุนู†ูŠ Oxygen
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ู…ุญุตูˆุฑุฉ ุจูŠู† ุฐุฑุชูŠู†ุฃูˆ Oxygen ุจูŠู† ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุชูŠู† R ูˆูƒู„ูƒู…
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ุงุชุฐูƒุฑูŠู† ุงู† ุงู„ Oxygen ุฑุงุจุทุชูŠู† ูˆุฒูˆุฌูŠู† ุฅูŠุดุŸ ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ุงุช
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ูˆู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุงุญู†ุง ุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ ethers ู…ุฑ ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุดุบู„ุชูŠู† ุฃุจุณุท ู…ู†
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ุงู„ ethers ู…ุฑ ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุดุบู„ุชูŠู† ุฃุจุณุท ู…ู† ุงู„ ethers ุดูˆ ู‡ู…
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ุงู„ุขู†ุŸ ู…ูŠู† ูŠุฐูƒุฑู†ุง ููŠู‡ู…ุŸ ุงู„ู…ุงุกูˆุงู„ูƒุญูˆู„ ุงู„ุงู† ุงู„ู…ุงุก
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ุงูƒุณูˆุฌูŠู†ุฉ ุงูŠุถุง ูˆ ุงู„ูƒุญูˆู„ ุงูƒุณูˆุฌูŠู†ุฉ ูˆ ุงู„ ether ุจุฑุถู‡
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ุฐุฑุฉ ุงูƒุณูˆุฌูŠู† ูˆ ุฒูˆุฌูŠู† ุงู„ุงู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ุงุช ู‡ุฏูˆู„ู‡ ู…ุงููŠุด ู…ูุงุฑ
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ู…ู†ู‡ู… ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู…ูŠู‡ ูƒุงู†ุช H H H ุงู„ูƒุญูˆู„ R ูˆ H ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุงุฒุงู„
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ููŠู‡ H ุงู„ ether R ูˆ Rุงู„ุงู† ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุจู…ู†ุทู‚ ุงู„ hydrogen
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bonding ุงู„ุงู† ุงู„ู…ูŠู‡ ุชู†ุชูŠู† hydrogen bonding ุงู„ูƒุญูˆู„
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ู…ู† ุฌู‡ุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุจุชู‚ุฏุฑ ุชุนู…ู„ hydrogen bonding ุงู„ ether
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ู…ุงููŠุด hydrogen bonding ูˆุจู†ุงุก ุนู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุงู† ู„ูˆ ุจุฏู†ุง
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ู†ุญูƒูŠ ุจู…ู†ุทู‚ ุงู„ polarity ู…ู† ุงุนู„ู‰ polarity ููŠู‡ู… ุงู„ู…ูŠู‡
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ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุงู„ูƒุญูˆู„ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุงู„ ether ุงู„ุงู† ุงู„ polarity
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ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ุจุชู†ุนูƒุณ ุนู„ู‰ ุงูŠุดุนู„ู‰ ุฃูŠ ุฎุงุตูŠุฉ ููŠุฒูŠุงุฆูŠุฉุŸ ุนู„ู‰
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ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุบู„ูŠุงู† ูˆู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุถุบุท ุงู„ุนุงุฏู‰ ุงู„ู…ูŠู‡ ุฏุฑุฌุฉ
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ุบู„ูŠุงู†ู‡ุง 100 ุงู„ูƒุญูˆู„ 78 ุงู„ ether ู„ูˆ ุงูุชุฑุถู†ุง ุงุซู„ ูˆ
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ุงุซู„ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ 37
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ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ูƒูŠู ุชู†ุงุณุจ ู†ู‚ุงุท ุงู„ุบู„ูŠุงู† ู…ุน ุงู„ู‚ุทุจูŠุฉ ูˆ ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู†
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ุงู„ ether die ู…ุซู„ ether ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุซู„ ุงูˆ ู…ุซู„ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุบุงุฒ
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ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุบู„ูŠุงู†ู‡ ุฃู‚ู„ ุจูƒุชูŠุฑ ูˆู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุนู„ู‰ ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ุบุฑูุฉ
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ุบู„ูŠ ูˆ ุฎู„ุต ูˆุตุงุฑ ุงูŠุด ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุดูƒู„ุบุงุฒ ุงู„ุขู† ุฑุจู…ุง ู…ู†
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ุฃุดู‡ุฑ ุงู„ ether ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ ether ุงู„ ethyl o ethyl ุงู„ู„ูŠ
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ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ diethyl ether ูˆุงุถุญุŸ ู„ูŠุด ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุณุชุนู…ู„ ูƒ solvent
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ู…ุฏูŠุฑ ุณุงุจู‚ุง ุงุณุชุนู…ู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุชุฎุฏูŠุฑ ู„ู…ุง ูƒุงู†ูˆุง ู…ุซู„ุง
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ุจูŠุฎุฏุฑูˆุง ุญูŠูˆุงู†ุงุช ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง ุชุฌุงุฑุจ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชุจุฑุงุช
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ูุงู„ ether they have been used as anesthetics ุงู„ุขู†
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ู„ูˆุจุฏู†ุง ู†ู†ุณู‰ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุงุญู†ุง ุณุจู‚ ุงู†ู†ุง
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ุฃุฎุฏู†ุงู‡ู… ูˆู†ุถู„ู†ุง ุงู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠู† ุญุงู„ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ aethers ูˆู‡ู‰
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ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุนู†ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ู‰ ู‡ูˆ diethyl ether ูˆู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡
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ethyl ether ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ู„ุบูŠู†ุง ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ethylุŒ dieุŒ ุจู…ุดูŠ
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ูŠุนู†ูŠ diethyl ether ูˆethyl ether ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุงุดูŠ ู„ุญุธูˆุง
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ู„ู…ุง ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ู…ู† ุฎูˆุงุตู‡ much less polar than alcohols
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ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุตุญูŠุญ ูˆู„ุง ู„ุฃุŸ ู…ุงููŠุด ููŠู‡ hydrogen bonding
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ุจุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ ู„ู…ุง ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ู…ู† ุฎูˆุงุตู‡ not soluble in water
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ู…ุงููŠุด ููŠู‡ solubility ู„ุฃู† ู‡ุฐู‡ are groups ูƒู„ู‡ุง ู…ุงููŠุด
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ููŠู‡ hydrogen bonding ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูŠุตูŠุฑ polar ูˆ likeุŒ
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dissolvesุŒ likeุŒ ู„ู‡ lower melting point ูˆ boiling
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point ุฃูˆ boiling temperatures than alcohol ุงูƒูŠุฏ ุตุญ
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ูƒู…ุงู† ุจุถูŠู ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุดุบู„ุฉ chemically inert ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฎุงู…ู„
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ูƒูŠู…ูŠุงุฆูŠุง ุชูุงุนู„ุงุชู‡ ู‚ู„ูŠู„ุฉ ุฌุฏุง ูˆู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุจุฃู…ู„
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ูƒู„ ุฃู…ู„ ุงู† ู†ุฎู„ุต ูƒู„ ุงู„ chapter ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ู„ุงู†ู‡ ู„ู…ุง ู†ุญูƒูŠ
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ุนู† ุงู„ kings ูˆ ุงู„ quills ุจู†ุญูƒูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุนุดุฑูŠู† ุชูุงุนู„ ุนู„ู‰
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ุงู„ ethers ุจู†ุญูƒูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุชูุงุนู„ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูˆุงุถุญุŸู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ุงููŠุด ู…ู†
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ุฎู„ุงู„ MH ูˆ ู„ุง OH ูˆ ู„ุง C double bond O ูˆ ู„ุง double
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bond ู‡ุฐูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง active groups ุงู„ู„ูŠ
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ุจุชูŠู… ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุชูุงุนู„ุงุช ูƒุชูŠุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู…ุด ู…ุชูˆูุฑ ูˆูŠู†
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ููŠ ุงู„ethers ูŠุถุงู ุฅู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ all are very flammable
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ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุงุดุชุนู„ูˆุง ุจุดูƒู„ ุณุฑูŠุน ุฌุฏุง ุฒูŠ ุจู†ุฒูŠู† ุงู„ุณูŠุงุฑุงุช ูˆ
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ูˆู‚ูˆุฏ ุงู„ุณูŠุงุฑุงุช ุฃูˆ ุฑุจู…ุง ูƒู…ุงู† ุงูƒุซุฑ ูˆู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุงุฏู…ุฌูˆุง
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ุงู„ุดุบู„ุชูŠู† ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุงู† ู‡ูˆ ู„ู‡ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุบู„ูŠุงู† ู…ู†ุฎูุถุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
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ุจุชุจุฎุฑ ุจุณู‡ูˆู„ุฉ ูˆ ู‚ุงุจู„ ุงู„ุงุดุชุนุงู„ ุจุดูƒู„ ูƒุจูŠุฑูˆุงุถุญุŸ ูˆ ู„ุฐู„ูƒ
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ูŠู…ุซู„ ุฎุทุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชุจุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู†ูุชุฑุถ ุงู† ุญุฏ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุจู†ุฒูŠู†
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burner ู…ูˆู„ุนู‡ ู‡ู†ุง ูˆ ู‚ุงุนุฏ ุจูŠุดุชุบู„ ูˆ ู‡ู†ุง ููŠู‡ ูˆุนุงุก ููŠู‡
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ether ู…ูุชูˆุญ ุงู„ ether ู†ูุณู‡ ุจุชุจุฎุฑ ุณุจุนุฉ ูˆ ุชู„ุงุชูŠู† ุงุญู†ุง
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ู…ุฑุงุช ููŠ ุบุฒุฉ ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุณุจุนุฉ ูˆ ุชู„ุงุชูŠู† ุทุจุนุง ู‡ูˆ ุจุชุจุฎุฑ
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ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุงุช ูˆ ูƒู„ ู…ุง ุงุฑุชูุนุช ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุจุชุฒูŠุฏ ุงู„ุชุจุฎุฑ
62
00:05:27,030 --> 00:05:32,020
ูˆ ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูˆ ุงู„ ether ู‡ู†ุง ูˆ ููŠู†ุงุนุฑู ู…ูƒุงู† ุชุงู†ูŠit
63
00:05:32,020 --> 00:05:36,000
can catch fire ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุดุชุนู„ ูˆ ูŠุนู…ู„
64
00:05:36,000 --> 00:05:41,060
ุญุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ูุงู„ุชุนุงู…ู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ ether ุจุญุงุฌุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุญุฐุฑ ู„ุฃู† ู‡ูˆ
65
00:05:41,060 --> 00:05:46,440
very flammable ูˆ ู„ู‡ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุบู„ูŠุงู† ู…ู†ุฎูุถุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠู†ูˆุฌุฏ
66
00:05:46,440 --> 00:05:51,500
.. ุจูŠุชุจุฎุฑ ูˆุงุถุญุŸ ุชู…ุงู…ุง ุฒูŠ ุงู„ุชุนุงู…ู„ ู…ุน ูˆู‚ูˆุฏ ุงู„ุณูŠุงุฑุงุช
67
00:05:51,500 --> 00:05:56,240
ุฃูˆ ู…ุน ุงู„ุชู†ุฑ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงูƒุจุงุช ุงู„ูƒูŠู…ูŠุงุฆูŠุฉ ุจุญุงุฌุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ู†ูˆุน
68
00:05:56,240 --> 00:06:04,050
ู…ู† ุงู„ุญุฐุฑ ุงู„ุดุฏูŠุฏุงู„ุงู† ูƒูŠู ุจู†ุณู…ูŠ ุงู„ ethersุŸ ููŠ ุฅู†ุง
69
00:06:04,050 --> 00:06:08,670
ู†ุธุงู…ูŠู† ู„ู„ุชุณู…ูŠุฉ ู†ุธุงู… ุงู„ุดุงุฆุน ุงู„ common nomenclature
70
00:06:08,670 --> 00:06:12,710
ุฅู† ุฃู†ุง ุฃุฐูƒุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุงุช ูˆ ุฏุงุฆู…ุง ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุจุชุงุฎุฏ
71
00:06:12,710 --> 00:06:17,990
ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ YL ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„
72
00:06:17,990 --> 00:06:20,470
ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„
73
00:06:20,470 --> 00:06:26,330
ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„
74
00:06:26,330 --> 00:06:26,970
ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„
75
00:06:26,970 --> 00:06:26,970
ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„
76
00:06:26,970 --> 00:06:26,970
ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„
77
00:06:26,970 --> 00:06:26,970
ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„
78
00:06:26,970 --> 00:06:30,750
ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุซุจู‚ูˆู„ die ethyl ether ูˆู…ู…ูƒู†
79
00:06:30,750 --> 00:06:35,210
ุชู„ุงู‚ูˆู‡ุง ethyl ether ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชุฎุชุตุฑ ุงู„ die ู…ุซู„ ูˆ ู…ุซู„ุŒ
80
00:06:35,210 --> 00:06:41,030
die ู…ุซู„ ether ูู†ู„ ูˆ ูู†ู„ุŒ die ูู†ู„ ether ุงู„ุงู† ุทุจ ู„ูˆ
81
00:06:41,030 --> 00:06:44,450
ูƒุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ ether ุงู„ู„ุงุญุธู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฒูŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุชูŠู†
82
00:06:44,450 --> 00:06:48,110
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู†ุชุฎูŠู„ู‡ ุฒูŠ ู‡ูŠูƒ ู‡ูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ oxygena ูˆู‡ู†ุง
83
00:06:48,110 --> 00:06:53,920
ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุชูŠู† ุฒูŠ ุจุนุถู‡ุฐุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ Symmetric Ether ู…ุชู…ุงุซู„
84
00:06:53,920 --> 00:06:59,700
ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ูŠุฎุชู„ููˆุง Unsymmetric Ether ุงู„ุฃู† ูˆุงุฌู‡ุช ุฃุฐูƒุฑ
85
00:06:59,700 --> 00:07:04,840
ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุชูŠู† alphabetically ูŠุนู†ูŠ Ether ููŠู‡ ุฅุซู„ ูˆ ู…ุซู„
86
00:07:04,840 --> 00:07:13,080
ุฅูŠุด ู‡ุณู…ูŠู‡ ุฅุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ุฅุซุฑ ุฅุจุฑูˆุจู„ ู…ุซู„ุง ูˆ ุชูŠุฑุชุดุงุฑ ุจูŠูˆุชู„
87
00:07:14,280 --> 00:07:27,560
ุชุฑุชุดูŠุฑ ุจูŠูˆุชู„ ุจุฑูˆุจู„ ุฅูŠุซุงุฑ ุชุฑุชุดูŠุฑ
88
00:07:27,560 --> 00:07:28,240
ุจูŠูˆุชู„ ุจุฑูˆุจู„ ุฅูŠุซุงุฑ ุชุฑุชุดูŠุฑ ุจูŠูˆุชู„ ุจุฑูˆุจู„ ุฅูŠุซุงุฑ ุชุฑุชุดูŠุฑ
89
00:07:28,240 --> 00:07:33,600
ุจูŠูˆุชู„ ุจุฑูˆุจู„ ุฅูŠุซุงุฑ ุชุฑุชุดูŠุฑ ุจูŠูˆุชู„ ุจุฑูˆุจู„ ุฅูŠุซุงุฑ
90
00:07:39,540 --> 00:07:45,680
ุจุชูƒูˆู†ุด ุชุนุฌุฒูˆุง ุงู„ ether ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ ุฐุฑู‘ุฉ ุฃูƒุณูˆุฌูŠู† ุทุงู„ุน
91
00:07:45,680 --> 00:07:49,940
ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุฑุงุจุทุฉ ุชู„ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุดุทุงุฑุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุญูุธ
92
00:07:49,940 --> 00:07:57,840
ุงู„ู…ุฌููˆุนุงุช ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ tertiary butylcarbon ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุชู„ุงุชุฉ
93
00:07:57,840 --> 00:08:04,700
ู…ุซู„ ุฃุฎุฐู†ุงู‡ุง ูˆุงู„ isopropyl carbon CH ู…ุชุตู„ุฉ ุจุงุชู†ูŠู†
94
00:08:04,700 --> 00:08:11,280
ู…ุซู„ ุฒูŠ ู‡ูŠูƒุงู„ู…ุญุงูุธุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุดุบู„ุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง
95
00:08:11,280 --> 00:08:18,320
ุฏู„ุจูˆ ูˆุงุถุญ ูู‡ูŠ tertiary butyl isopropyl ether ุงุญู†ุง
96
00:08:18,320 --> 00:08:22,560
ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุชูŠุฑุชุดุงุฑูŠ ุจูŠูˆุชู„ ุจู†ุนู…ู„ู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุญุฑู ุงู„ ุจูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ู„ู…ุง
97
00:08:22,560 --> 00:08:27,140
ุดุฑุญู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุงุช ุงุฐุง ุดูู†ุง ูƒูŠู ุจู†ุนู…ู„ ุงู„ ethers ูƒุฐู„ูƒ
98
00:08:27,140 --> 00:08:31,380
ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู„ูˆ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ูƒูˆููŠู†ูŠู„ ู…ุซู„ุง ุงูŠุด ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุญุท ุงู„ุจู†ุฒูŠู†
99
00:08:31,380 --> 00:08:32,300
ุงู„ู…ุฎุตูˆู… ู…ู†ู‡ุง
100
00:08:42,010 --> 00:08:47,110
ูˆู‡ุงูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃู…ุซู„ุฉ die methyl ether ุงุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ุงุซุฑ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง
101
00:08:47,110 --> 00:08:50,810
ู‚ูˆู„ุช ู…ุฑุงุช ุจูŠุญุทู‡ู… ู…ุด ู…ุฑุชุจูŠู† alphabetical ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุฃุตุญ
102
00:08:50,810 --> 00:08:55,090
ุชุญุทู‡ู… alphabetical ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฒูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฃุตุญ ุชูƒุชุจูˆู‡ ุงุซู„
103
00:08:55,090 --> 00:09:00,110
ู…ุซู„ ุงุซุฑ ุฎู„ูˆ ุงู„ E ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ M ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ ether ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„
104
00:09:00,110 --> 00:09:07,410
CH2Cl ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ูƒู„ูˆุฑูˆู…ูŠุซู„ CH2Cl ูƒู„ูˆุฑูˆู…ูŠุซู„ ูˆู‡ู†ุง ุงุซู„ ุงุซู„
105
00:09:07,410 --> 00:09:15,930
ุงุซู„Ether ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุชุณู…ูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ common
106
00:09:15,930 --> 00:09:21,070
nomenclature ุงู„ุงู† ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ู…ุนุงูƒ ุดุฑุท ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุชุณู…ูŠุฉ ุดุฑุท
107
00:09:21,070 --> 00:09:24,730
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุชุณู…ูŠุฉ ุงู† ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ูˆุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ุงู† ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ุงู† ูŠูƒูˆู†
108
00:09:24,730 --> 00:09:28,010
ู„ู‡ู… ุงุณู…ุงุก ู…ุนุฑูˆูุฉ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู†ุง ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ
109
00:09:28,010 --> 00:09:31,810
ุฃุฎุฏู†ุงู‡ุง ุงูŠุฌู„ูŠู„ุง ู…ุซู„ ุงูŠุซู„ุจุฑูˆุจู„ ุงูŠุฒูˆุจุฑูˆุจู„ ุชูŠุฑุชุดุฑ
110
00:09:31,810 --> 00:09:38,800
ุจูŠูˆุชู„ ู„ุญุฌู†ุงู‡ุง ุงู†ุง ุจูƒู„ูˆุฑูˆ ู…ุซู„ .. ุจู†ู„ ู…ุซู„ุง ุจ ..ุฃู‚ู„
111
00:09:38,800 --> 00:09:46,290
ุงู„ ether ู„ูˆ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู„ูƒู… ุงุนู…ู„ูˆู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุดุบู„ุงุช ุงูŠุดู…ุนุฑูˆูุฉ
112
00:09:46,290 --> 00:09:51,030
ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ุงู† ู„ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ ูƒุจุฑ ูˆููŠ ุงูŠุซุฑ ุงูŠุซุฑ ู…ุนู†ุงู‡
113
00:09:51,030 --> 00:09:55,610
ุงูƒุณูˆุฌูŠู†ุฉ ุจูŠู† ูƒุฑุจูˆู†ุชูŠู† ูˆุงุฌูŠุชู‡ุง ุจุฏูŠ ุงุฑุฌุน ุงุณู… ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ
114
00:09:55,610 --> 00:10:02,770
ูƒุฃู†ู‡ ุงู„ cane ุนุงุฏูŠ ุงุจุญุซ ุนู† ุงุทูˆู„ ุณู„ุณู„ุฉ ุงุทูˆู„ ุณู„ุณู„ุฉ
115
00:10:02,770 --> 00:10:08,310
ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ู…ุฑูƒุจุฉ ุจุฑูˆุจูŠู† ุงุฑุจุนุฉ ุจูŠูˆุชูŠู† ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุจู†ุชูŠู† ูˆ ู‡ูƒุฐุง
116
00:10:08,310 --> 00:10:13,780
ุทูŠุจ ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ุงุทูˆู„ ุงุทูˆู„ ุณู„ุณู„ุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุงูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุฑูƒุจู„ุงุญุธูˆุง
117
00:10:13,780 --> 00:10:17,180
ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ carbon ุชู†ุชูŠู† ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ู„ุจุฑูˆุจู„ ูˆ ู‡ู†ุง carbon
118
00:10:17,180 --> 00:10:21,920
ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุงูŠุด ุฃุทูˆู„ ุงู„ุณู„ุณู„ุฉ ู„ุจุฑูˆุจู„ ุงู„ุขู† ุชุฎูŠู„ ู„ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง
119
00:10:21,920 --> 00:10:26,580
ุงู„ุฃุฒุฑู‚ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ูƒุงู†ุช Cl ู„ูƒู„ูˆุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูˆู‚ุน ูˆุงุญุฏ
120
00:10:26,580 --> 00:10:33,420
ุงูŠุด ู‡ุชุณู…ูˆู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ ูˆุงู† ูƒู„ูˆุฑูˆ ุจุฑูˆุจู„ ุจุฏูƒูˆุง ุชุญุฏุฏูˆุง
121
00:10:33,420 --> 00:10:38,620
ุงู„ุฑู‚ู… ุงู„ุงู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูˆู‚ุน ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ุด ูƒู„ูˆุฑ ุงูˆ ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ ุงูˆ
122
00:10:38,620 --> 00:10:40,780
ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ุง ุงุณู… ู…ุซูˆูƒุณูŠ
123
00:10:43,660 --> 00:10:52,760
ู…ุซู„ ุง ุง ู…ุซูˆูƒุณูŠ ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู†ุช ุง ุงุซู„ ุงุซูˆูƒุณูŠ ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู†ุช ุง
124
00:10:52,760 --> 00:10:57,660
ูู†ู„ ู…ุซูˆูƒุณูŠ
125
00:10:57,660 --> 00:11:04,080
ู…ุซู„ ุง ุงุซูˆูƒุณูŠ ุงุซู„
126
00:11:04,080 --> 00:11:10,420
ุงูู†ูˆูƒุณูŠ ูู†ู„ ุงูุฑูˆุจูˆูƒุณูŠ
127
00:11:13,650 --> 00:11:22,270
ู‡ูŠุจุฑูˆุจูŠู„ ุงูˆ ุงุจูŠูˆุชูƒุณูŠ ุงุจูŠูˆุชู„ ุงูˆ and so on ูˆุงุถุญ
128
00:11:22,270 --> 00:11:27,350
ูุจู†ุทูˆู„ ุฃุทูˆู„ ุณู„ุณู„ุฉ ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู† ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุงุช ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ
129
00:11:27,350 --> 00:11:31,190
ู…ุซู„ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ ู‡ุงูŠ ูƒุงุฑุจูˆู† ุชู†ุชูŠู† ุฃุทูˆู„ ุณู„ุณู„ุฉ ุฅุฐุง
130
00:11:31,190 --> 00:11:37,540
ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ ุฅูŠุด ุฅูŠุซุงู† ุนู„ู‰ ู†ู…ุฑุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุฅูŠุด ุนู„ูŠู‡ุŸุฃูˆ ู…ุซู„
131
00:11:37,540 --> 00:11:43,040
ู…ุซูˆูƒุณูŠ ูˆ ุฅูŠุด ุนู„ูŠู‡ ูƒู…ุงู† ุงูƒู„ูˆุฑ ุฅุฐุง ู‡ุฐุง one chloro
132
00:11:43,040 --> 00:11:49,840
one methoxy ุงุซุงู† ู‡ุงูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ carbon 234 ุจูŠูˆุชูŠู†
133
00:11:49,840 --> 00:11:56,560
ุนู„ู‰ ู†ู…ุฑู‡ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุฅูŠุด ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุชู„ุช ุฐุฑุงุช ู…ุนู‡ ุจุฑูˆุจูˆูƒุณูŠ
134
00:11:56,560 --> 00:12:02,810
ุจุฑูˆุจูˆูƒุณูŠ ุชู„ุช ุฐุฑุงุช ู…ุนู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุฅูŠุซุงู†ูˆู„ ุงู„
135
00:12:02,810 --> 00:12:07,230
alcohol ุฃู‚ูˆู‰ ู…ู† ุงู„ ether ู‡ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงุชู†ูŠู†
136
00:12:07,230 --> 00:12:12,330
ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุฅุฐุง ู‡ุฐุง ุฃูŠ ู…ุฑูƒุจ ูˆุงู†ุฏ ูŠูˆุชุงู†ูˆู„ ุถุงู„ ุนู„ู‰
137
00:12:12,330 --> 00:12:17,990
ู†ู…ุฑุฉ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุดูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุญู…ู„ู‡ุงุŸู…ุด ุงุชูˆูƒุณูŠ ูƒู„ูˆุฑ ูˆ
138
00:12:17,990 --> 00:12:23,730
ุงุชูˆูƒุณูŠ ุชู…ุงู… ุญู…ู„ุฉ ูƒู„ูˆุฑ ุงู„ุงู† ุงู„ูƒู„ูˆุฑ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุญู…ูˆู„ุฉ ุนู„ู‰
139
00:12:23,730 --> 00:12:27,510
ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ูˆู„ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชุนูˆู† ุงู„ organic ุจูŠุญุทูˆู‡ุง ุจูŠู†
140
00:12:27,510 --> 00:12:31,550
ุฌุณูŠู† ูˆ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆุง ุงู„ูƒู„ูˆุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† ุฑู‚ู… ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง
141
00:12:31,550 --> 00:12:36,490
ุงุชู†ูŠู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒุฃู†ู‡ ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู†ุญุทุช ุงูŠุด ุจูŠู† ุฌุณูŠู† ุตุงุฑ ูƒุงู…
142
00:12:36,490 --> 00:12:40,410
ู†ุธุงู… ุชุฑู‚ูŠู… ุนู†ุฏู‰ ู†ุธุงู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู†ุธุงู… ุงู„ุงุตู„ูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงุชู†ูŠู†
143
00:12:40,410 --> 00:12:43,890
ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุงุฑุจุนุฉ ูˆ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ูƒู„ูˆุฑ ู„ูˆ ุงุฌุชู‡ุง ุงู†ุง ุจุฏูŠ ุงู‚ูˆู„ one
144
00:12:43,890 --> 00:12:49,570
primeุฅูƒู„ูˆุฑูˆ ุฅูŠุซูˆูƒุณ ู„ูˆ ุฅุฌุช ู‡ู†ุง two prime ุฅูƒู„ูˆุฑูˆ
145
00:12:49,570 --> 00:12:52,890
ุฅูŠุซูˆูƒุณ ูˆ ู…ุฑุงุช ุจุชู„ุงุญุธูˆู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุฎุชุตุฑูˆุง ุงู„ prime ู„ูƒู†
146
00:12:52,890 --> 00:12:59,190
ุงู„ุฃุญุณู† ุฅุฐุง ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุงุณุชุนู…ู„ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ู†ุธุงู… ุชุฑู‚ูŠู… ุฃู†ู‡
147
00:12:59,190 --> 00:13:05,070
ูŠุญุท ุฅูŠุด ู„ prime ูˆุงุถุญ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุฑูƒุฒ ู…ุนุงูƒูˆุง
148
00:13:05,070 --> 00:13:12,140
ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ููƒุฑุฉ ุฃู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ูŠุณุชุนู…ู„ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ู†ุธุงู… ุชุฑู‚ูŠู… ููŠ
149
00:13:12,140 --> 00:13:15,980
ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ูุฑูƒู‘ุจ ุฎู„ู‘ูŠู†ูŠ ุฃุนุทูŠูƒูˆุง ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ู…ุซุงู„ูŠู† ุนู†ุฏ
150
00:13:15,980 --> 00:13:20,460
ุงู„ู„ุฒูˆู… ู…ู…ูƒู† ู…ุซุงู„ ู…ู† ู…ูˆุถูˆุนู†ุง ุงู„ู€Ethers ูˆู…ุซุงู„ ู…ู†
151
00:13:20,460 --> 00:13:27,920
ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู€H ุชุงู†ูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุชุฑู‚ูŠู… ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุณุชุนู…ู„ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู†
152
00:13:27,920 --> 00:13:35,300
ู†ุธุงู… ุชุฑู‚ูŠู… ู„ูˆ ูŠุง ุชูˆุฑุง ุฃุนุทูŠุชูƒู… ุงู„ู…ูุฑูƒู‘ุจ ู‡ุฐุง ูˆ
153
00:13:35,300 --> 00:13:44,270
ูƒุชุจุช ู‡ู†ุง OH ูˆ ูƒุชุจุช ู‡ู†ุง ZูˆุญุทูŠู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง PR ู†ูุชุฑุถ ู‡ุฐุง
154
00:13:44,270 --> 00:13:50,710
ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ ุฌุงูŠู†ุง ุณู…ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ุขู† ู‡ุฐุง ุฃูุถู„ ุดูŠุก
155
00:13:50,710 --> 00:13:57,590
ุฃุณู…ูŠู‡ ูƒุงู„ูƒูŠู† ูˆุงุถุญุŸ ุฃุทูˆู„ ุณู„ุณู„ุฉ ูˆ ุฃุทูˆู„ ุณู„ุณู„ุฉ ุญุงู…ู„ุฉ
156
00:13:57,590 --> 00:14:06,330
OHุฅุฐุง ู‡ูƒุณุงู†ูˆู„ ุงู„ุงู† ุงู„ all ุนุดุงู† ุชูƒูˆู† ุฃู‚ู„ ุชุฑู‚ูŠู… 1,2
157
00:14:06,330 --> 00:14:12,190
,3,4,5,6 ุฅุฐุง ู‡ุฐุง ู„ูˆ ู…ุงูƒู†ุด ุนู„ูŠู‡ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฅุถุงูุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
158
00:14:12,190 --> 00:14:20,110
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ุฅูŠุด ู‡ุชุณู…ูˆู‡ two hexanol ูˆุงุถุญุŸ ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„
159
00:14:20,110 --> 00:14:27,310
two ุชุงุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุชุฑู‚ูŠู… ุฅูŠุดุŸุทุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุชุฑู‚ูŠู… ุงู„ุณู„ุณู„ุฉ ู„ูˆ ู‡ุฐู‡
160
00:14:27,310 --> 00:14:33,870
ุฅุฌุช ุจู†ุฒูŠู†ุฉ ูƒุงู† ูƒู„ ูƒุดุงุทุฑูŠู† four phenyl two hexanol
161
00:14:33,870 --> 00:14:39,030
ู…ุด ู‡ุชุชุบู„ุจูˆุง ููŠู‡ุง ู„ูˆ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจู†ุฒูŠู†ุฉ ู‡ูŠ four phenyl two
162
00:14:39,030 --> 00:14:45,010
hexanol ุงู„ุขู† ุฅุฌุช ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุจุฑูˆู… ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ
163
00:14:45,010 --> 00:14:48,150
ุนู„ู‰ four ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ four ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฑู‚ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู†ุง
164
00:14:48,150 --> 00:14:57,370
ู„ูƒู† ู‡ูŠ ุจุงู„ุธุจุทุงู‡ ุงุนู…ู„ูˆุง ุชุฑู‚ูŠู… ุชุงู†ูŠ three
165
00:14:57,370 --> 00:15:03,090
bromophenyl ุตุงุฑุช ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉุŸ ุงู‡ three
166
00:15:03,090 --> 00:15:06,270
bromophenyl
167
00:15:06,270 --> 00:15:09,470
three
168
00:15:09,470 --> 00:15:14,580
bromophenyl two hexanolุงู„ุงู† ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ูƒู… ู†ุธุงู…
169
00:15:14,580 --> 00:15:18,780
ุชุฑู‚ูŠู… ุงุณุชุนู…ู„ุช ุญุชู‰ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุจุงู„ุฃู„ูˆุงู† ุชุดุงูŠููŠู†ู‡ู… ูƒูŠู
170
00:15:18,780 --> 00:15:22,820
ุตุงุฑูˆุง ูˆุงุถุญูŠู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ four ุชุจู‚ู‰ ู„ู‡ุงู† ุงู† ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ
171
00:15:22,820 --> 00:15:26,300
ุงู„ู„ุชูŠ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู‚ูˆุณูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุนู„ู‰
172
00:15:26,300 --> 00:15:32,460
ุงู„ุณู†ุณู„ุฉ ู„ูƒู† ู‡ุฐุง ุชุฑู‚ูŠู… ุชุงู†ูŠ ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ุฃู†ุณุจ ู„ู‡ุฐุง
173
00:15:32,460 --> 00:15:37,000
ุงู„ุชุฑู‚ูŠู… ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูƒู†ุช ูƒุงุชุจู‡ ุจุงู„ุฃุฒุฑู‚ุฅู† ุฃุญุทู„ู‡ ุฅูŠุด
174
00:15:37,000 --> 00:15:44,720
ุงู„ู€ prime ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠู…ู†ุนุด ุฃู†ู‡ ุจุฒุงู… ููŠู‡ ุชุงู†ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู†
175
00:15:44,720 --> 00:15:50,520
ูŠุตูŠุฑ ูƒู…ุงู† ุชุงู„ุช ูˆ ุจุงุฌูŠุชู‡ุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุญุทู„ู‡ double prime
176
00:15:50,520 --> 00:15:56,720
ูˆุงุฑุฏ ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฃู…ูˆุฑ ุฃุตุนุจ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู…ุจุฏุฃ ุจุฃู…ู„ ุฃู†ู‡ ุตุงุฑ ุฅูŠุด
177
00:15:56,720 --> 00:15:58,440
ูˆุงุถุญ ุนู†ุฏูƒู…
178
00:16:04,790 --> 00:16:11,250
ู„ูˆ ุทู„ุจู†ุง ู…ู†ูƒู… ุชุณู…ูˆู„ู†ุง
179
00:16:11,250 --> 00:16:27,510
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุฌุงูƒูˆุง
180
00:16:27,510 --> 00:16:32,870
ู‡ุฐุง ููŠ ุงู„ุงู…ุชุญุงู† ู‡ูˆ ุฒูŠูƒูƒ BJ ุงู„ุขู†
181
00:16:32,870 --> 00:16:37,720
ู‡ุชููƒุฑูˆุง ุจุฅูŠุดุŸุจุฃุทูˆู„ ุณู„ุณู„ุฉ ู…ุง ุชุดูˆููˆุด ุชููƒุฑูˆุง ุจุงู„ ุฅูŠุซุง
182
00:16:37,720 --> 00:16:41,220
ู„ุฅู† ู„ูˆ ู‚ู„ุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุซู„ ุทุจ ูˆุด ูƒู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉุŸ
183
00:16:41,220 --> 00:16:44,320
ู…ุงู„ู‡ุงุด ุงุณู… ูˆ ู„ูˆ ู‚ู„ุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ูู†ู„ ุดูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉุŸ
184
00:16:44,320 --> 00:16:50,400
ู…ุงู„ู‡ุงุด ุงุณู… ู„ูƒู† ุงู† ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ููŠ ุณู„ุณู„ุฉ ูˆ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูŠุง ู…ุณู‡ู„ู‡ุง
185
00:16:50,400 --> 00:16:57,960
ู…ุซูˆูƒุณูŠ ูˆ ููŠ ุณู„ุณู„ุฉ ูˆ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูŠุง ู…ุณู‡ู„ู‡ุง ููŠู†ูˆูƒุณูŠ ุงู„ู‚ู…ุฑ
186
00:16:57,960 --> 00:17:04,070
ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฅูŠุดุŸุณู‡ู„ ุงู„ุงู† ุงุทูˆู„ ุณู„ุณู„ุฉ ููŠู‡ุง double bond ุงุฐุง
187
00:17:04,070 --> 00:17:09,690
ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจุฉ ุงู„ keen ุงู„ keen ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุงุฑุจุนุฉ
188
00:17:09,690 --> 00:17:19,310
ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุณุชุฉ ุณุจุนุฉ two heptane ูˆุงุถุญ two heptane ุงู„ุงู†
189
00:17:19,310 --> 00:17:26,250
ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุน ู…ูˆู‚ุน ุชู„ุงุชุฉ methoxy ูˆุน ู…ูˆู‚ุน ุณุชุฉ phenoxy
190
00:17:26,250 --> 00:17:34,940
ุจุงู„ุชุฑุชูŠุจthree methoxy six phenoxy
191
00:17:34,940 --> 00:17:42,280
two heptane ูˆูƒูู‰
192
00:17:42,280 --> 00:17:45,740
ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ู…ุคู…ู†ูŠู† ุงู„ู‚ุชุงู„ ุจุณ ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุจุชุณู…ู‰ ุฒูŠูƒ ุจู†ุญุทู„ู‡
193
00:17:45,740 --> 00:17:54,320
ุชู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุนุดุฑุฉ ู„ุณู‡ ู…ูˆุตู„ู†ุงุด ู„ู„ุนุดุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุนุดุฑุฉ ู„ูŠุด ุถุงูŠู„
194
00:17:54,320 --> 00:18:00,650
ููŠ ุงู„ุชุณู…ูŠุฉ ู…ุงุฌูŠุจุชู‡ูˆุดDouble bond ุงูˆู„ ู…ุง ู†ุดูˆู double
195
00:18:00,650 --> 00:18:05,370
bond ูุงูƒุฑู‡ ุจ Z ูˆ E ูˆ S ูˆ Trans ูˆ ุงูˆู„ ู…ุง ู†ุดูˆู
196
00:18:05,370 --> 00:18:08,890
chiral center ูุงูƒุฑู‡ ุจุงู„ R ูˆ S ุงู„ุงู† ุงูŠู‡ double bond
197
00:18:08,890 --> 00:18:13,350
ุงูŠุด ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุงุชุดูˆู…ูŠุซู„ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุชุงู† ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ double bond
198
00:18:13,350 --> 00:18:19,250
ุงูŠุด ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุงูˆู…ูŠุซู„ ูˆ carbon ู…ุฎุชู„ูุชุงู† ุงุฐุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ
199
00:18:19,250 --> 00:18:23,310
ู…ู†ู‡ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูˆู„ุง ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู„ูˆ ู‚ู„ุชู„ูƒูˆุง ุงุฑุณู…ูˆุง
200
00:18:23,310 --> 00:18:27,810
ุงู„ุนูŠุฒูˆ ู…ุฑุฉ ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงูŠุด ุฃุณู‡ู„ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉู„ุฃ ุฎุฏูˆู‡ ู†ุญุท ุงู„ ุงุชุด
201
00:18:27,810 --> 00:18:34,190
ุชุญุช ูˆ ุงู„ู…ูŠุซู„ ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุงู† ุงุชุด ูˆ ู…ูŠุซู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูŠุซู„
202
00:18:34,190 --> 00:18:38,770
ุงู„ู…ูŠุซู„ ู„ุญุธู‡ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุงุชุฑูˆู‡ ูƒู‡ูŠูƒ ู…ูŠุซู„ ู…ุด ุงุชุด ุงู†ุง
203
00:18:38,770 --> 00:18:43,030
ู…ุชุนู…ุฏ ุงุชุฑูˆู‡ ูƒู‡ูŠูƒ ุนุดุงู† ุฃุจู‚ูˆุง ู…ู†ุชุจู‡ูŠู† ู„ู‡ุง ู…ูŠุซู„ ุงู‡ ู‡ูŠ
204
00:18:43,030 --> 00:18:51,270
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ O ูˆ Carbon ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุงู† ุงู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุนู„ู‰
205
00:18:51,270 --> 00:19:00,660
ุฌู‡ุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุงุฐุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ Zู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุงุณู… ุงู„ูƒุงู…ู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุฏุฎู„
206
00:19:00,660 --> 00:19:04,640
ููŠู‡ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ ุงู„ูƒูŠู†ุฒ ูˆุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ ุงู„ูƒูŠู†ุฒ ูˆุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„
207
00:19:04,640 --> 00:19:09,660
ethers ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุง ุงู„ุนู„ู… ูŠุตุจุญ ุชุฌู…ูŠุนูŠ ู„ูƒู„ ุดูŠุก ุฏุฑุณู†ุงู‡
208
00:19:09,660 --> 00:19:15,960
ูˆุงุชุนู„ู…ู†ุงู‡ ุงุฐุง Z ุซุฑูŠู…ูŠุซูˆูƒุณูŠ ุณูŠูƒุณ ููŠู†ูˆูƒุณูŠ ุชูˆู‡ูŠุจุชูŠู†
209
00:19:15,960 --> 00:19:18,140
ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ
210
00:19:22,520 --> 00:19:25,900
ุทุจุนุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู† chiral center ุนู„ู‰ ุทูˆู„ ุจู„ุงุญุธ R ูˆู„ุง S
211
00:19:25,900 --> 00:19:30,640
ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ chiral center ู„ูƒู† ุงู†ุง ู…ุด ู…ุฑูƒุฒ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุฏุงูŠู…ุง
212
00:19:30,640 --> 00:19:34,340
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ chiral center ุงุฐุง ุฑุณู…ุชู‡ ุฒูŠ ู‡ูŠูƒ ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ ุฐู„ูƒ
213
00:19:34,340 --> 00:19:40,300
ุงู†ุง ุทุงู„ุจู‡ ู…ู†ูƒู… ุจุณ ู‡ู†ุง ุจุงู„ุชุฃูƒูŠุฏ ููŠ chiral center ู„ูˆ
214
00:19:40,300 --> 00:19:43,800
ุจุฏู‰ ุงูุชุฑุถ ุงู† ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ู…ุจูŠู†ูŠู† ูˆุฌู‡ุชู‡ ุจุชูƒูˆู†
215
00:19:43,800 --> 00:19:49,150
ุญุฏุฏู‡ุฏุงุฆู…ุง ุงู„ูƒุงูŠุฑุงู„ ุณู†ุชุฑ ุฅุฐุง ุฑุณู…ู†ุงู‡ ูƒูŠุง ุฒูŠ ุงู„ุตู„ูŠุจ
216
00:19:49,150 --> 00:19:53,210
ู…ุนู†ุง ุฐู„ูƒ ุฅุญู†ุง ู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠู† ุนู„ูŠู‡ ู…ุน ุฐู„ูƒ ุชุฑูƒูŠู†ู‡ ุจุณ ู‡ูˆ ุฃูƒูŠุฏ
217
00:19:53,210 --> 00:19:59,350
ูŠุง R ูŠุง S ุจุณ ู…ุนุฑููŠู† ูƒูˆุง ุงู† ูƒูˆุง ุงุชุฌุงูˆุจูˆุง ูˆุงุถุญุฉ
218
00:19:59,350 --> 00:20:03,270
ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠูˆู… ู…ุง ุจุฏูŠ ุงู„ูƒุงูŠุฑุงู„ ุณู†ุชุฑ ู„ูˆ ูƒู†ุช ุจุฏูŠ
219
00:20:03,270 --> 00:20:07,690
ุจุงู„ุชุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุงู„ูƒุงูŠุฑุงู„ ุณู†ุชุฑ ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ุชู„ุงู‚ูˆู†ูŠ ุฑุณู…ุช ุงู„ูƒูŠุง ุฒูŠ
220
00:20:07,690 --> 00:20:17,330
ู‡ูŠูƒ O ูู†ู„ CH3 H ุงู„ Aู‡ู†ุง ุจุงู„ุชุฃูƒูŠุฏ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูƒู… chiral
221
00:20:17,330 --> 00:20:20,990
center ูˆ ุงู„ู…ูุฑูˆุถ ุชู‚ุฏุฑูˆุง ุชุนู…ู„ูˆู‡ ูˆ ุชู‚ุฏุฑูˆุง ุชู‚ูˆู„ูˆุง ุงู†ู‡
222
00:20:20,990 --> 00:20:26,570
ุฃู‚ู„ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงู„ H ุงู„ O ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุงุดูŠ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† ุงู„ู…ุชุตู„ุฉ
223
00:20:26,570 --> 00:20:33,990
ุจูƒุฑุจูˆู†ุงุช ุจุนุฏูŠู† ู‡ุฐู‡ S ุฅุฐุง chiral center ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจู„ุฒู…ุด
224
00:20:33,990 --> 00:20:40,170
ุฃุญุท ู„ู‡ ุฑู‚ู… ุฅุฐุง ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุญุฏุฏ ูˆูŠู† ู…ูˆู‚ุนู‡ ูˆุงุถุญุŸ ูƒู„
225
00:20:40,170 --> 00:20:42,210
ุดูŠุก ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุฏุฎู„ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุงุณู…
226
00:21:04,730 --> 00:21:09,810
ุงู„ุงู† ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ ethers ุงุณุชุนู…ู„ูˆุง ุณุงุจู‚ุง ูƒู…ูˆุงุฏ ู…ุฎุฏุฑุฉ
227
00:21:09,810 --> 00:21:14,670
anesthetics ูˆุงู„ุงู† ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู…ุดุชู‚ุงุช ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุฒูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ
228
00:21:14,670 --> 00:21:17,450
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠู‡ ุฐุฑุงุช floro ูˆ chloro ุจู†ุงู‡ุงุด ู†ุญูุธู‡ ุงุณู…ู‡
229
00:21:17,450 --> 00:21:20,790
penanthrene ุงูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠู‡ floro ูˆ chloro
230
00:21:20,790 --> 00:21:25,810
enanthrene ุชุณุชุนู…ู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุชุฎุฏูŠุฑ ุงู„ุทุจูŠ ุงู„ halogenated
231
00:21:25,810 --> 00:21:28,970
ethers they are common anesthetics anesthetics
232
00:21:28,970 --> 00:21:33,650
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ูˆุงุฏ ุชุณุชุฎุฏู… ููŠ ุงู„ุชุฎุฏูŠุฑ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุจุฏู†ุง ู†ู†ุชุจู‡ ู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ
233
00:21:33,650 --> 00:21:37,830
ูƒุชูŠุฑ ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ู…ุด ู‡ู†ูุตู„ ููŠู‡ุง ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุขู† ุจู†ุญูƒูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงู„
234
00:21:37,830 --> 00:21:42,410
ether ุฅุฐุง ุฎุฒู†ุง ู„ูุชุฑุฉ ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉ ุจุงู„ุฐุงุช ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ู†ูุชุญ ุงู„
235
00:21:42,410 --> 00:21:49,650
bottle ูˆ ูŠุชุนุฑุถ ู„ู„ oxygenุจูŠุนู…ู„ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ู…ุชูุฌุฑุฉ peroxide
236
00:21:49,650 --> 00:21:54,530
ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู„ุดุฎุต ูŠุฌูŠ ูŠุณุฎู„ู‡ ุทุจุนุง ู…ุด ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ
237
00:21:54,530 --> 00:21:59,950
ุนู„ู‰ ุณุฎุงู† ูƒู‡ุฑุจุงุฆูŠ ู…ุบู„ู‚ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ tablet ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡
238
00:21:59,950 --> 00:22:04,380
ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฏ ุงู„ู…ุชูุฌุฑุฉ ูŠุฑูˆุญ ูŠู†ูุฌุฑ ููŠู‡ุงู„ุงู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฏ
239
00:22:04,380 --> 00:22:08,320
ุงู„ู…ุชูุฌุฑุฉ ุฃุดู‡ุฑ ุฅูŠุซุฑ ุนุงุฏุฉ ุจูŠุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€
240
00:22:08,320 --> 00:22:13,800
Diethyl Ether ุงู„ุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ู„ูˆ ุงู†ุฎุฒู† ู„ูุชุฑุฉ ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉ ุจุชูุนู„
241
00:22:13,800 --> 00:22:18,600
ู…ุน ุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ุจูŠุนู…ู„ู‡ ู…ุฑูƒุจ ุฒูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุฑูˆูƒุณุงูŠุฏ ู‡ุฐุง
242
00:22:18,600 --> 00:22:23,680
ุงู„ุจุฑูˆูƒุณุงูŠุฏ ุงูŠุด ู…ุงู„ู‡ุŸExplosive ุงู„ุขู† ุญุณุจ ูƒู…ูŠุฉ
243
00:22:23,680 --> 00:22:28,280
ุงู„ุฎุฒุงู†ุฉ ู„ูˆ ุงุชุฎุฒู† ูƒุชูŠุฑ ููŠ ุฌูˆ ุณูŠุก ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุนู…ู„ peroxide
244
00:22:28,280 --> 00:22:32,640
ูˆูŠุชุฑุณุจ ูˆ ุชุดูˆููˆุง ุจุนูŠู†ูƒู… ุงู† ููŠ ู‚ู„ุจ ุงู„ุจูˆุชู„ ุงู„ ether
245
00:22:32,640 --> 00:22:37,260
ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุตู„ุจุฉ ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู†ุช ุจูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู† ุฏุงูŠุจ ูˆู…ุง
246
00:22:37,260 --> 00:22:41,610
ุชุดูˆููˆุด ุจุงู„ุนูŠู†ูŠู†ููŠ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุฃุญูˆุงู„ ู„ู…ุง ุจุชุญูˆู„ูˆุง ู„ุฌุฒุก ุนู…ู„ูŠ
247
00:22:41,610 --> 00:22:44,650
ุฃูˆ ุจุชุงุฎุฏูˆุง ููŠ ูŠูˆู… ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃูŠุงู… ุฌุฒุก ุนู…ู„ูŠ ุงู„ู…ูุฑูˆุถ
248
00:22:44,650 --> 00:22:48,530
ุชูุงุตูŠู„ ูƒูŠู ู†ูุญุต ุงู„ ether ูƒูŠู ู†ุชุฃูƒุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง
249
00:22:48,530 --> 00:22:53,690
ู†ุดุชุบู„ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ุจุชุชุนู„ู…ูˆู‡ ุงู„ุงู† ู„ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„
250
00:22:54,160 --> 00:22:58,620
ุฃุดุชุบู„ุช ุจูƒุงู„ูˆุฑูŠูˆุณุŒ ู…ุงุฌุณุชูŠุฑุŒ ุจุงุญุซ ููŠ ุฅูŠุซุฑ ุชุณุฎูŠู†ุŒ ููŠ
251
00:22:58,620 --> 00:23:02,740
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ุญุธุฉ ุฎุฏูˆุง ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุฅู† ุงู„ุฅูŠุซุฑ ููŠ ู…ู†ู‡ ุฎุทุฑ ุฃู†
252
00:23:02,740 --> 00:23:06,820
ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุงุฏ ู…ุชูุฌุฑุฉ ูŠูˆู… ู…ุง ูŠุทู„ุจ ู…ู†ูƒูˆุง ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุชุดุชุบู„ูˆุง ูˆ
253
00:23:06,820 --> 00:23:10,820
ุชุณุฎู†ูˆุง ุจุงู„ุฅูŠุซุฑ ุงุฑุฌุนูˆุง ู„ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุฉ ููŠ ูƒู„ ูƒุชุจ
254
00:23:10,820 --> 00:23:16,130
ุงู„ุนู…ู„ ุจุฏู„ูƒู… ุจุชูุงุตูŠู„ ุฃูƒุชุฑ ูƒูŠู ุชุชุฃูƒุฏูˆุงุฅู†ู‡ ู‡ุงู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ
255
00:23:16,130 --> 00:23:19,850
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูˆู„ุง ู„ุฃ ูˆ ู„ูˆ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูƒูŠู ุชุชุฎู„ุตูˆุง ู…ู†ู‡ุง ูˆ ูƒู„
256
00:23:19,850 --> 00:23:23,350
ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ูŠุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู„ูƒู† ุฎู„ูˆุง ููŠ ุฐู‡ู†ูƒูˆุง ุงู† ุงู„
257
00:23:23,350 --> 00:23:27,950
ether ู…ุน ุณูˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฎุฒูŠู† ูˆ ููŠ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ oxygen ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ุฅูŠุด
258
00:23:27,950 --> 00:23:36,090
explosivematerials ุงู„ุงู† ูƒูŠู ุจู†ุญุถุฑ ุงู„ ethers ุงุฎุฏู†ุง
259
00:23:36,090 --> 00:23:42,310
ุงุญู†ุง ุชุญุถูŠุฑ ู„ู„ ethers ู„ู…ุง ุฏุฑุณู†ุง ุงู„ alkenes ูˆ ุงู„
260
00:23:42,310 --> 00:23:48,250
alcohols ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ุงู† ุงู„ alcohol ู„ูˆ ุณุฎู†ุงู‡ ุนู†ุฏ 180 ุฏุฑุฌุฉ
261
00:23:48,250 --> 00:23:54,460
ู…ุฆูˆูŠุฉ ูƒุงู† ูŠุนู…ู„ ุญุฐู ู„ู„ู…ูŠู‡ ูˆ ูŠุนุทูŠู†ุงุงู„ุงู„ูƒูŠู† ูˆ ุนู†ุฏ 140
262
00:23:54,460 --> 00:23:59,520
ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ู…ุฆูˆูŠุฉ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ุงู„ ether ู…ุชุฐูƒุฑูŠู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุฉ
263
00:23:59,520 --> 00:24:03,300
ููŠ ูƒูŠู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ alcohols ุงุฐุง ุงู„ ethers they can be
264
00:24:03,300 --> 00:24:07,000
prepared from alcohols ุทุจุนุง ุงู†ุง ู„ู…ุง ุจุญูƒูŠ ุนู† ether
265
00:24:07,000 --> 00:24:11,450
ู‡ู†ุง ุจุญูƒูŠ ุนู† ุงู„ symmetrical ethersู…ุงุฐุงุŸ ุฅู† ุฅูŠุซุงู†ูˆู„
266
00:24:11,450 --> 00:24:15,450
ูŠู‡ุงุฌู… ุนู„ู‰ ุฅูŠุซุงู†ูˆู„ ูˆูŠูู‚ุฏ ู…ูŠู‘ู‡ ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุฉ ุณุงุจู‚
267
00:24:15,450 --> 00:24:20,190
ูˆุถุญุชู‡ุง ุฅูŠู‡ุง ุฅูŠุซุงู†ูˆู„ ุฒูŠ ุฅูŠุซุงู†ูˆู„ ูŠุฎุต ู…ู†ู‡ู… ู…ูŠู‘ู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
268
00:24:20,190 --> 00:24:24,770
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุฉ ู„ูˆ ุฃุฑูŠุฏู‡ุง ู…ูˆุฒู†ุฉุŒ ู…ุงุฐุง ุฃูƒุชุจ ู‡ู†ุงุŸ H2O
269
00:24:24,770 --> 00:24:29,110
ูˆุงุถุญุŸ ุฌุฒุก ูŠู‡ุงุฌู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชุงู†ู‰ ูˆูŠุทู„ุน ู…ูŠู‘ู‡ ูˆูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ู‡
270
00:24:29,110 --> 00:24:34,880
ุฅูŠุซุฑุงู„ุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ symmetrical ether ุงู† ุงู„ุงุซุงู†ูˆู„
271
00:24:34,880 --> 00:24:39,720
ุงุชูุนู„ ู…ุน ู†ูุณู‡ ุทูŠุจ ูŠุง ุชูˆุฑุง ุงู„ุงู† ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ูŠ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ู„ูˆ
272
00:24:39,720 --> 00:24:45,320
ุจุฏูŠ un symmetrical ether ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุฏูŠ ether ููŠ ุงุซู„ ูˆ
273
00:24:45,320 --> 00:24:51,400
ู…ุซู„ ุงูŠุด ุงูˆู„ ุดูŠุก ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุฎุทุฑ ุน ุจุงู„ูƒู… ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุจุฏูŠ ุงู†ุง
274
00:24:51,400 --> 00:24:56,000
ุฏุงูŠู… ููŠ ุงู„ ether ุดูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุณุฎู†ู‡ ู…ุน ุงู„ุญุงู…ุถุŸู…ูŠุซุงู†ูˆู„
275
00:24:56,000 --> 00:24:59,760
ู„ูˆ ุจุฏู‰ ุฏุงูŠ ุฅุซู„ ุฅูŠุซุงุฑ ุดูˆ ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุจุณุฎู†ู‡ ู…ุน ุงู„ุญุงู…ุถ
276
00:24:59,760 --> 00:25:05,540
ุฅุซุงู†ูˆู„ ุทูŠุจ ู„ูˆ ุจุฏู‰ ู…ุซู„ ุฅุซู„ ุฅูŠุซุงุฑ ุดูˆ ุจุฏู‰ ุฃุณุฎู† ู…ุน
277
00:25:05,540 --> 00:25:09,500
ุงู„ุญุงู…ุถ ูˆุงุถุญุฉ
278
00:25:09,500 --> 00:25:17,160
ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ ู„ูˆ ุจุฏู‰ ู…ุซู„ ุฅุซู„ ุฅูŠุซุงุฑุฃูˆ ุฅุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ุฅูŠุซุงุฑ ุงู„ุฃู†
279
00:25:17,160 --> 00:25:22,520
ุงู†ุชุจู‡ูˆุง ู…ุนูŠ ุฃูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ุชููƒูŠุฑ ููŠ ู…ุซู„ ุฅุซู„
280
00:25:22,520 --> 00:25:28,400
ุฅูŠุซุงุฑ ุชู‚ูˆู„ ุจุงุฎุฏ ุงู„ two alcohols ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุงุฎุฏ ู…ุซู„ OH
281
00:25:28,400 --> 00:25:40,120
ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุฅุซู„ OH ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุทู„ุน ู„ู…ุซู„ OH ุฅูŠุด ุฑุฃูŠูƒูˆุง ุจู‡ุฐุง
282
00:25:40,120 --> 00:25:40,780
ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู…ุŸ
283
00:25:43,190 --> 00:25:47,830
ุจุทู„ุน ู„ูƒู† ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู†ู‡ ุงู†ุง ู„ู…ุง ุจุฎู„ุท ุจุฎู„ุทุด ุฌุฒุฆ ูˆ
284
00:25:47,830 --> 00:25:52,030
ุฌุฒุฆ ุจุฎู„ุท ุนุฏุฏ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุฎู„ุทุช mall ูˆ mall ูŠุนู†ูŠ
285
00:25:52,030 --> 00:25:55,990
ุงู†ุง ุฎู„ุทุช 6 ููŠ 10 ุงูˆ 23 ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุน 6 ููŠ 10 ุงูˆ 23 ู…ู†
286
00:25:55,990 --> 00:26:00,290
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุงู† ูƒู„ู‡ู… ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุฎู„ูŠู†ูŠ ุงุนู…ู„ู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู†ุทุงู‚
287
00:26:00,290 --> 00:26:06,110
ุงู„ุจุณูŠุท ู„ูˆ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ุทุงู‚ ุฌุฒูŠุฆูŠู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ ethanol ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„
288
00:26:06,110 --> 00:26:09,600
methanol ูˆ ุฎู„ุทุชู‡ู… ูˆ ู‚ู„ุชู„ู‡ู… ูŠู„ุง ุงุชูุงุนู„ูˆุงุฃูŠุด
289
00:26:09,600 --> 00:26:13,600
ุงู„ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ุงุชุŸ ู‡ู… ุจุชูุนู„ูˆุงุŒ ุณู…ุนูŠู†ุŸ ุงู„ุงู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠู„ุชู‚ูŠ
290
00:26:13,600 --> 00:26:20,260
ุงู„ุงุซู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ุงุซู„ ุจูŠ ุงุซู„ ุงุซุฑ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠู„ุชู‚ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุซู„ ู…ุน
291
00:26:20,260 --> 00:26:27,420
ุงู„ู…ุซู„ ุจูŠ ู…ุซู„ ุงุซุฑ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠู„ุชู‚ูŠ ุงู„ุงุซู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ู…ุซู„ ุงุซุฑ ู…ุซู„
292
00:26:27,420 --> 00:26:35,740
ุงุซุฑ ุงุฐุง ู‡ู†ุง ูƒู… ู†ุงุชุฌ ู†ุชูˆู‚ุนุŸ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ู…ุซู„ ุงูˆ ู…ุซู„ ุงุซู„ ุงูˆ
293
00:26:35,740 --> 00:26:41,970
ุงุซู„ุฃูˆ ุฅุซู„ ุฃูˆ ู…ูŠุซู„ ุจูŠุทู„ุน ู„ูƒู† ู…ุน ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุชุงู†ูŠู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ
294
00:26:41,970 --> 00:26:46,310
ุจูŠุทู„ุน ุฎู„ูŠุท ู…ู† ุชู„ุช ู…ุฑุงูƒุจุงุช ูˆ ู‡ุงุช ูˆูุตู„ู‡ู… ู‡ู„ ู‡ุฐุง
295
00:26:46,310 --> 00:26:51,890
ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุงู„ูƒูŠู…ูŠุงุฆูŠ ุจูŠุญุจู‡ุŸ ุงุทู„ุงู‚ุง ู„ุง ูˆู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุงูŠ ุญุฏ
296
00:26:51,890 --> 00:26:56,590
ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุงู†ู‡ ุชุญุถูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฅุซู„ ู…ุซู„ ุฅูŠุซุฑ ุจุฎู„ุท ุงู„ูƒุญูˆู„ูŠู†ูˆู‡ูŠ
297
00:26:56,590 --> 00:27:00,530
ุทู„ุน ุงู„ุฌูˆุงุจ ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ุบู„ุท ู„ุฃู†ูƒ ุทู„ุนุช ุชู„ุช ู†ูˆุงุชุฌ ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู†
298
00:27:00,530 --> 00:27:05,170
ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุดุชุบู„ ู†ุนู…ู„ ุงู†ูุตู„ ูˆุชู‚ุทูŠุฑุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุฅูŠุด ู…ุงู„ู‡ุงุŸ
299
00:27:05,170 --> 00:27:09,610
ู…ุชุนุจุฉ ูˆู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุจู†ุญูˆู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ููŠ ุชุญุถูŠุฑ ุงู„ู€
300
00:27:09,610 --> 00:27:15,160
Unsymmetrical ethos ุฃูŠุถุง ุจู†ุจุชุฏุฃ ููŠู‡ุง ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸู…ู†
301
00:27:15,160 --> 00:27:20,340
ุงู„ูƒุญูˆู„ุงุช ุงู„ุงู† ุงู„ูƒุญูˆู„ุงุช ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ู… ูˆุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ
302
00:27:20,340 --> 00:27:25,520
ุจูŠูƒูˆู† primary ุจู†ุฎู„ูŠู‡ ูŠุตูŠุฑ chloride ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ู„ูˆ
303
00:27:25,520 --> 00:27:32,900
ูุนู„ู†ุงู‡ ู…ุน ุงู„ BCl3 ุงูŠุด ู‡ูŠุตูŠุฑ CH3 CH2 ุจุฏู„ ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ OH
304
00:27:32,900 --> 00:27:39,020
Cl ุญูˆู„ุชู‡ ู„ chloride ูˆุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจุญูˆู„ู‡ ู„ O minus ูƒูŠู
305
00:27:39,020 --> 00:27:43,010
ุงู„ูƒุญูˆู„ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ O minusุŸุจุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ุณูˆุฏูŠูˆู…
306
00:27:43,010 --> 00:27:48,290
ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆูƒุณุงูŠุฏุŸ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู„ุฃ ุจุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ุณูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ุฃูˆ
307
00:27:48,290 --> 00:27:51,890
ุงู„ุณูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ู‡ูŠุฏุฑุงูŠุฏ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ุชู†ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑูˆุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ
308
00:27:51,890 --> 00:27:57,750
ู‡ุฐุง ู„ูˆ ูุนู„ุชู‡ ู…ุน ุงู„ุณูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ู…ุซู„ O minus and A
309
00:27:57,750 --> 00:28:04,840
plusู‡ูŠูˆ ุจ ูู„ุงุณูƒ ู„ุญุงู„ู‡ ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุจ ูู„ุงุณูƒ ู„ุญุงู„ู‡ ู„ุณู‡
310
00:28:04,840 --> 00:28:09,360
ู…ุงุฎู„ุทุชู‡ู…ุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅูŠุฌูŠ ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุฃุนุทุงูƒู… ู‡ุงูŠ ุฅูŠุซุงู†ูˆู„ ูˆ ู‡ุงูŠ
311
00:28:09,360 --> 00:28:13,420
ู…ูŠุซุงู†ูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุจุงู„ูู„ุงุณูƒ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ู… ุจุฎู„ูŠู‡ ุงูŠุด O minus
312
00:28:13,420 --> 00:28:19,900
ูˆุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ ุงูƒู„ูˆุฑุงูŠุฏ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจุถูŠู ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุจุนุถ ุจุนุฏูŠู†
313
00:28:19,900 --> 00:28:23,600
ุจุถูŠู ุงูŠุด ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุจุนุถ ู„ูˆ ุจุถูŠู ู‡ุฐุง ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ุฐุง
314
00:28:23,600 --> 00:28:30,490
ุงู„ O ูˆูŠู† ู‡ุชู‡ุงุฌู…ุŸูˆ ุฅูŠุด ู‡ุชุทุฑุฏุŸ ุงู„ CL ุชูุงุนู„ ุงู„ุฅู‚ุฏุงู„
315
00:28:30,490 --> 00:28:37,590
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃุฎุฏู†ุงู‡ ุจ chapter 6 ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู†ุงุชุฌ CH3 CH2O
316
00:28:37,590 --> 00:28:45,960
ู…ุซู„ ุฃูˆ CH3 ุจุณ ู…ุฑูƒุจ ูˆุงุญุฏุฅุฐุง ุฃู†ุง ู„ู…ุง ุจุฏูŠ ุงู„ un
317
00:28:45,960 --> 00:28:51,060
symmetrical ethers ู„ุฃุฎู„ุท ุงู„ูƒุญูˆู„ูŠู† ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ู„ุฃ ูˆุงุญุฏ
318
00:28:51,060 --> 00:28:56,240
ู…ู†ู‡ู… ุจุญุงูˆู„ู‡ ู„ O minus ูˆ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ู… ุจุญุงูˆู„ู‡ ุงู„ู‰
319
00:28:56,240 --> 00:29:00,000
chloride ุงูˆ bromide ูˆ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจุถูŠูู‡ู… ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุจุทู„ุนูˆู„ูŠ
320
00:29:00,000 --> 00:29:04,780
ูู‚ุท ู†ุงุชุฌ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุชุญุถูŠุฑ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ
321
00:29:04,780 --> 00:29:10,230
ุงู„ุณูŠุฏ William Sun William Sun's synthesisWilliam
322
00:29:10,230 --> 00:29:14,410
Sun's synthesis ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุนู†ุฏูƒู… ููŠ ุงู„ slides ูˆู‡ูŠู†
323
00:29:14,410 --> 00:29:18,770
ูˆุถุญุช ุจุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงู†ู‡ ู…ุงู†ุฎู„ุทุด ุงู„ูƒุญูˆู„ูŠู† ู…ุน ุจุนุถ
324
00:29:18,770 --> 00:29:24,090
ุงุทู„ุงู‚ุง ุงุทู„ุงู‚ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู…ุงุจูŠุตูŠุฑุด ูˆุงุถุญ ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉุŸ
325
00:29:30,200 --> 00:29:34,580
ู†ุดูˆู ู…ุฑุฉ ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ Williamson's synthesis ู‡ุงูŠ ู…ุซู„ุง
326
00:29:34,580 --> 00:29:40,500
ROH ู…ุน ู† ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุดูˆ ุฃุนุทุงู†ูŠุŸ R O minus ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ charged
327
00:29:40,500 --> 00:29:45,300
nucleophile ูˆ R X ูƒูˆู‘ู†ุชู‡ุง ุฃุณุงุณุง ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒุญูˆู„ ู„ู…ุง ุฃุถูŠู
328
00:29:45,300 --> 00:29:50,800
ุงู„ู€ R O minus ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ R X ุฃูŠ ุชูุงุนู„ ุจุนู…ู„ุŸ ุงู„ุฅุจุฏุงู„
329
00:29:50,800 --> 00:29:53,380
ROR
330
00:29:54,350 --> 00:29:59,510
ุงู„ุงู† ุงุชุฎูŠู„ูˆุง ู„ูˆ ุงุชูŠูƒู… how can you prepare this
331
00:29:59,510 --> 00:30:09,870
ether ูู†ู„ O CH2 CH3 ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ ุงู† ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ู… ุจุฏูŠ ุงุฎู„ูŠู‡
332
00:30:09,870 --> 00:30:15,330
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู†ุง ุจุฏูŠ ุงุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ูู†ู„ OH ูˆ F OHู„ูƒู† ู…ูŠู† ู…ู†ู‡ู… ุจุฏูŠ
333
00:30:15,330 --> 00:30:20,830
ุฃุฎู„ูŠู‡ O- ูˆู…ูŠู† ู…ู†ู‡ู… ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุฎู„ูŠู‡ CL ุงู„ุงู† ุฃู†ุง ู‚ูˆู„ุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ
334
00:30:20,830 --> 00:30:25,610
ุจุงุฎู„ูŠู‡ CL ุงู„ primary ุฃูˆ ุงู„ ู…ุซู„ ุฅุฐุง ูˆุฌุฏุช ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„
335
00:30:25,610 --> 00:30:28,790
ู…ุซู„ ุฃูุถู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ primary ูŠุง ุงู„ primary ูŠุง ุงู„ู…ุซู„
336
00:30:28,790 --> 00:30:34,720
ูˆุจู†ุงุก ุนู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ูู† ุงู„ OHู‡ุฐุง ุจุฎู„ูŠู‡ ุงูŠุด ู…ุน ุงู„ sodium
337
00:30:34,720 --> 00:30:37,980
ุงูˆ ู…ุน ุงู„ sodium hydroxide ุจูŠู…ุดูŠ ุงุณุงุณุง ู„ุงู† ุงู„ููŠู†ูˆู„
338
00:30:37,980 --> 00:30:41,800
ุจุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ sodium hydroxide ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู†ูŠู„ O minus
339
00:30:41,800 --> 00:30:48,620
ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ nucleophile ููŠู†ูŠู„ O minus ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ ethanol
340
00:30:48,620 --> 00:30:55,540
ุจู‚ุฏุฑ ุงู†ุง ุงุฎู„ูŠู‡ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ BCL3 CH3
341
00:30:55,540 --> 00:31:03,380
CH2CL ุงูƒูŠุฏุงู„ุงู† ู„ูˆ ูุนู„ุช ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ phenoxide ู‡ู†ุง ุจูŠุทุฑุฏ
342
00:31:03,380 --> 00:31:09,330
ุงู„ X ูˆ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ ุงู„ู…ุทู„ูˆุจ ูˆู„ุง ู„ุฃุŸูˆุงุถุญุŸ ูุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ
343
00:31:09,330 --> 00:31:13,150
ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู†ูˆุน .. ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ ู„ู…ุง
344
00:31:13,150 --> 00:31:17,150
ุฃุฌูŠุจู„ูƒูˆุง ether ู…ุนูŠู† ูˆ ุฃู‚ูˆู„ูƒูˆุง ูƒูŠู ุชุญุถุฑูˆู‡ ุฃู†ูƒู…
345
00:31:17,150 --> 00:31:20,450
ุชุนุฑููˆุง ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุฎู„ูŠู‡ ู…ู†ู‡ O minus ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏูŠ
346
00:31:20,450 --> 00:31:24,270
ุฃุฎู„ูŠู‡ chloride ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุฎู„ูŠู‡ ุงู„ chloride ูŠุง
347
00:31:24,270 --> 00:31:29,630
ุงู„ methyl ูŠุง ุงู„ primary ู‡ุงูŠ ู…ุณุฃู„ุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู†ู‡ุง
348
00:31:29,630 --> 00:31:37,760
ุชูŠุฑุชุดุงุฑูŠุจ ุจูŠูˆุชู„ุจุฑูˆุจู„ ุฅูŠุซุงุฑ ูƒูŠู ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุชุฌู‡ูŠุฒู‡ ุจุฏุฃ ู…ู†
349
00:31:37,760 --> 00:31:44,680
ุงู„ูƒุญูˆู„ ุงุฑุณู… ุงู„ุงู†ุชูˆุง ุงู„ูƒุญูˆู„ ุงุญูุธูˆุง ุงู†ุชูˆุง ุงูŠุด
350
00:31:44,680 --> 00:31:52,260
ุงู„ู…ุทู„ูˆุจ ุชูŠุฑุชุดุงุฑ ุจูŠูˆุชู„ ุจุฑูˆุจู„ ุฅูŠุซุงุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒุฃู†ู‡ ุนู†ุฏูƒู…
351
00:31:52,260 --> 00:32:01,200
ุงู†ุชูˆุง ู…ุนุทู‰ ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ ุชูŠุฑุชุดุงุฑ ุจูŠูˆุชู„ ูˆู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุจุงู†ูˆู„
352
00:32:01,200 --> 00:32:06,700
ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ุงู†ุชูˆุง ุงู„ูƒุญูˆู„ุงู„ุงู† ู…ุง ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุชุญุถูŠุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ู…
353
00:32:06,700 --> 00:32:15,000
O- ูˆุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ CL ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุฎู„ูŠู‡ CL ุงู„ primary ู‡ุฐุง
354
00:32:15,000 --> 00:32:20,300
ุงู„ alcohol tertiary ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ alcohol ุงู„ primary ุฅุฐุง
355
00:32:20,300 --> 00:32:27,880
ู‡ุฐุง ุจุนู…ู„ู‡ ู…ุน ุงู„ BCL3 ู‡ูŠูˆุตุงุฑ CL ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุจุนู…ู„ู‡ ู…ุน ุงู„ NA
356
00:32:27,880 --> 00:32:36,510
ู‡ูŠูˆุตุงุฑ O-ุงู„ุงู† ุงุฎู„ุทูˆุง ู‡ุงุฏูˆู„ุง ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠู† ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุงูŠุด
357
00:32:36,510 --> 00:32:40,910
ุงู„ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉุŸ
358
00:32:40,910 --> 00:32:47,640
ู‡ุงุฏูŠ ู‡ุชู‡ุงุฌู… ู‡ุงู† ูˆ ุชุทุฑุฏุงู„ู€ CL ุงู„ู…ูุฑูƒู‘ุจ ุงู„ู…ุทู„ูˆุจ ู…ุฑุงุช
359
00:32:47,640 --> 00:32:51,860
ู„ู…ุง ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆุง ุงู„ู…ูุฑูƒู‘ุจ ุงู„ู…ุทู„ูˆุจ ุจูŠุญุทูˆุง ุฑู…ุฒ TM ู…ุฑ ุนู„ูŠูƒู…
360
00:32:51,860 --> 00:32:55,620
ุฅูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€TMุŸ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู‡ู†ุฏุณ ู„ู…ุง ุจุชุฎู„ุตูˆุง ุงู„ุดุบู„ุฉ
361
00:32:55,620 --> 00:33:00,020
ุจุชู‚ูˆู„ูˆุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุทู„ูˆุจ ุฅุซุจุงุชู‡ ุงู„ุขู† TM ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ target
362
00:33:00,020 --> 00:33:05,020
molecule ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ู…ุทู„ูˆุจ target ุฅูŠุด targetุŸ
363
00:33:05,020 --> 00:33:11,520
molecule ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ู…ุทู„ูˆุจ ูŠุนู†ูŠูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€TM ุจู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ูƒูŠู…ูŠุง
364
00:33:11,520 --> 00:33:15,820
ูˆู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุทู„ูˆุจ ุทุจุนุงู‹ ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฒูŠ ู‡ูŠูƒ O ูˆู‡ูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ ุงุชู†ูŠู†ุŒ
365
00:33:15,820 --> 00:33:21,100
ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ูˆุงุถุญุงุชุŸ
366
00:33:21,100 --> 00:33:24,580
ุงู„ุงู† ู„ูˆ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุนูƒุณุช ุนู…ู„ุช ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ chloride ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€O
367
00:33:24,580 --> 00:33:29,760
minus ุจุทู„ุนุด ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุนุดุฑ ุนู„ุงู…ุงุช
368
00:33:29,760 --> 00:33:35,900
ู…ุฌุงู…ู„ุฉ ู†ุญุท ู„ู‡ุง ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุงูˆ ุชู†ูŠู† ู„ุฃู†ู‡
369
00:33:35,900 --> 00:33:42,040
ุนู…ู„ูŠุงู‹ ู…ุงุจุตูŠุฑุดูˆุงุถุญุŸ ุนู…ู„ูŠุงู‹ ู…ุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑุด ุงูู‡ู…ู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡
370
00:33:42,040 --> 00:33:59,680
ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ ุจูˆู„ูŠุงู… ุณุงู†ุณ ุณูŠู†ุชูŠุณูŠุฒ ุงู„ุงู†
371
00:33:59,680 --> 00:34:06,640
ุงู„ ethers ุงุชูƒูˆู†ุช ุทูŠุจ ูŠุง ุชูˆุฑุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชู†ูƒุณุจู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุชูุงุนู„
372
00:34:06,640 --> 00:34:10,900
ุฅู„ุง ุจุณ ุชูุงุนู„ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูู‚ุท ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ cleavage of
373
00:34:10,900 --> 00:34:16,020
ether ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠู†ูƒุณุฑ ู†ุต ุณูŠู„ุฉ ูƒูŠู ุจุชู… ุงู„ cleavage
374
00:34:16,020 --> 00:34:23,220
of ether ุจุงุณุชุนู…ุงู„ ุงู„ุญุงู…ุถ ุงู„ู‚ูˆูŠ HI ุงู„ู€ HI ุจูŠู‡ุงุฌู…
375
00:34:23,220 --> 00:34:30,020
ุนุงุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ูŠูˆุฏ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูŠูˆ ู…ุงุดูŠ ูˆูŠู† ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุฑูˆุญุงู„ู€ W ู…ุน
376
00:34:30,020 --> 00:34:33,200
.. ู„ุฃ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ Carbon ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌู†ุจ ุงู„ู€ O ุงู„ู€ U ุงู„ุณุงู„ุจ
377
00:34:33,200 --> 00:34:36,080
.. ุงู„ู€ O ุงู„ุณุงู„ุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ Carbon ู…ู† ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌุจุงุช ุงู„ู€
378
00:34:36,080 --> 00:34:39,360
principal ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ Carbon ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌุจุฉ ูˆ ู‡ุฐู‡
379
00:34:39,360 --> 00:34:43,860
ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌุจุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุณุงู„ุจุฉ ุฌุฒุฆูŠุงู‹ ู„ู…ุง ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุฑูˆุญ .. ูˆูŠู† ุจุฏู‡
380
00:34:43,860 --> 00:34:47,880
ูŠุฑูˆุญุŸ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌุจ .. ุงู„ุขู† ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ู…ุนูŠ ู„ู…ุง ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุฑูˆุญ
381
00:34:47,880 --> 00:34:52,820
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌุจ ู‡ูŠูˆ ู…ุงุดูŠ ูˆุฑุงูŠุญ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌุจ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ูˆ ู„ุง
382
00:34:52,820 --> 00:34:58,480
ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌุจ ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ูŠ ุงูู‡ู…ุชูˆุง ูˆูŠู† ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ุŸ ุงู„ุขู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€
383
00:34:58,480 --> 00:35:05,900
Primaryู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุญูˆุฑ ุงู„ุงู† ูˆูŠู† ุงู„ primary ู‡ุงู†ุŸ ูˆูŠู† ุงู„
384
00:35:05,900 --> 00:35:12,420
primary ู‡ุงู†ุŸ ูˆู„ุฐู„ูƒ ู„ู…ุง ุชุทู„ุน ุงู„ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ
385
00:35:12,420 --> 00:35:18,340
ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ุนู‡ ุงู„ O ู‡ูŠุงุฎุฏ ุงู„ H ู‡ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู† ุงู„ OุŸ H ู‡ูŠุงุฎุฏ
386
00:35:18,340 --> 00:35:25,180
ุงู„ H ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุฒุก CH3 CH2 ู‡ูŠุตูŠุฑ ุงูŠุดุŸIodide ุดูˆูู†ุง ูƒูŠู
387
00:35:25,180 --> 00:35:29,780
ุงู„ู€ cleavage ุงู„ุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุงุดูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุงูŠู‡ ู‡ู†ุงุŸ ู‡ูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ
388
00:35:29,780 --> 00:35:37,660
CH3 CH2 CH2 I ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุนู„ูˆู… CH3 CH2 CH2 I ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ
389
00:35:37,660 --> 00:35:43,380
ุถู„ุช ู…ุนู‡ ุงู„ O ุดูˆ ู‡ูŠุตูŠุฑ OH ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ cleavage
390
00:35:43,380 --> 00:35:50,680
of ether ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ cleavage of ether
391
00:35:52,990 --> 00:35:58,330
ุจุงุณุชุนู…ุงู„ ุงู„ู€ HI ุบูŠุฑ ู‡ูŠูƒ ู…ุด ู…ุดู‡ูˆุฑ ุชูุงุนู„ุงุช ู„ู„ ุฅูŠุซุงุฑุฒ
392
00:35:58,330 --> 00:36:03,310
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุชูุงุนู„ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงู„ู€ cleavage ุงู„ูƒุณุฑ ุงู„ุขู† ููŠ
393
00:36:03,310 --> 00:36:08,450
ุฅูŠุซุงุฑุฒ ุญู„ู‚ูŠุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ Epoxides ุฃุฎุฏุชู‡ุง ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ู‡ูŠ
394
00:36:08,450 --> 00:36:12,990
ูˆ ุชูุงุนู„ุงุชู‡ุง ูˆู„ุง ู„ุฃ ู„ู…ุง ุฃุฎุฏู†ุง ุชูุงุนู„ุงุช ุงู„ุงู„ูƒูŠู† ูˆ
395
00:36:12,990 --> 00:36:16,990
ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ูƒูŠู† ู…ุน pear acid Epoxides ูˆุฃุฎุฏุชูˆุง ูƒู…ุงู†
396
00:36:16,990 --> 00:36:21,670
ุงู„ุญู„ู‚ุฉ ุจุชูุชุญ ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุงุถุญุฉ
397
00:36:21,670 --> 00:36:26,890
ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉุฃุฎุฏุชูˆุง ูƒูŠู ุงู„ุญู„ู‚ุฉ ุจุชูุชุญ ูˆ ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ูƒู„
398
00:36:26,890 --> 00:36:32,530
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ slides ู†ูุณู‡ุง ุฃุฎุฏู†ุงู‡ุง ุงู„ุขู† ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง ุขุฎุฑ slide
399
00:36:32,530 --> 00:36:37,090
ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู‡ู„ ุงู„ cyclic ethers ุจุณ ุงู„ุญู„ู‚ุงุช
400
00:36:37,090 --> 00:36:43,430
ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซูŠุฉ ู„ุฃ ุทุจุนุง ููŠ cyclic ethers ุญู„ู‚ุงุช ุฃูƒุจุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
401
00:36:43,430 --> 00:36:49,540
ู…ุซู„ุง ุงู„ุญู„ู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุฎู…ุงุณูŠุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ether ORRcyclic ether
402
00:36:49,540 --> 00:36:54,820
ุงุณู…ู‡ tetrahydrofuran ุจุงุฎุชุตุงุฑ THF ู‡ุฐุง solvent ู…ุดู‡ูˆุฑ
403
00:36:54,820 --> 00:37:02,360
ุทุจ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญู„ู‚ุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง tetrahydropyrene ู‡ุฐุง ููŠ ether
404
00:37:02,360 --> 00:37:08,060
ูˆ ether ุฏูŠ ether ORR ูˆ ORR ุงุณู…ู‡ ุฏูŠูˆูƒุณูŠู† ู…ุฑูƒุจ
405
00:37:08,060 --> 00:37:14,300
ูƒุงุฑุณูŠู†ูˆุฌูŠู†ูŠูƒ ู…ุฑูƒุจ ูƒุงุฑุณูŠู†ูˆุฌูŠู†ูŠูƒ ูˆุณุงู… ููŠ ู…ุฑูƒุจุงุช ุญู„ูˆุฉ
406
00:37:14,300 --> 00:37:19,260
ุทู„ุน ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ู…ู†ุธุฑู‡ุง ุญู„ูˆ ูˆู„ุง ู„ุฃูˆ ุฏุงูŠู…ุง ุงู„ุงุดูŠ ุงู„ู…ู†ุธุฑุฉ
407
00:37:19,260 --> 00:37:23,980
ุญู„ูˆ ุจูŠุญุงูˆู„ูˆุง ูŠุนุทูˆุง ุงุณู… ุงูŠุด ุงุณู… ุญู„ูˆ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุนู„ู…ุงุก
408
00:37:23,980 --> 00:37:28,160
ู„ู…ุง ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง ุงุฎุชุฑุงุน ู„ุดุบู„ ู…ุฑุงุช ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง ู…ุณุงุจู‚ ู…ูŠู†
409
00:37:28,160 --> 00:37:32,640
ูŠุฎุชุฑุนู„ู‡ุง ุงุณู… ุญู„ูˆ ูˆ ู„ูˆ ุจุชูุชุดูˆุง ู…ุซู„ุง ู„ู…ุง ุงูƒุชุดููˆุง
410
00:37:32,640 --> 00:37:39,640
ู†ุงูŠู„ูˆู† ูƒุดูŠุก ุฌู…ูŠู„ ู„ูŠุด ููŠ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุณู…ูˆู‡ ู†ุงูŠู„ูˆู†ุŸุงุณู…
411
00:37:39,640 --> 00:37:44,360
ุญู„ูˆ ุนู…ู„ูˆุง ู…ุณุงุจู‚ุงุช ู„ุญุฏ ู…ุง ุญุฏ ุงุฎุชุฑุน ู„ู‡ู… ุงุณู… ุฌู…ูŠู„ ุฒูŠ
412
00:37:44,360 --> 00:37:47,520
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏู‡ ูŠูุชุญ ุจูˆุชูŠูƒ ูˆู„ุง ุงุดูŠ ู…ุด ุจูŠุญุงูˆู„ ูŠู„ุงุฌูŠู„ู‡ ุงุณู…
413
00:37:47,520 --> 00:37:52,380
ุญู„ูˆ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุนุดุงู†ู‡ู… ุญู„ูˆูŠู† ุดูˆ ุตู…ูˆู‡ู… ุงู„ crown ethers
414
00:37:52,380 --> 00:37:58,020
ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงูƒุชุดููˆู‡ู… ู…ุด ุฒู…ุงู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ 1980 ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง
415
00:37:58,020 --> 00:38:02,460
ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงูƒุชุดููˆู‡ู… ุฃุฎุฏูˆุง ุนู„ูŠู‡ู… ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ู†ูˆุจู„ ููŠ ุงู„ูƒูŠู…ูŠุง
416
00:38:02,460 --> 00:38:09,600
ุจุงู„ 1987 ุงุณู…ู‡ู… ุงูŠุด ุงู„ crown ethersุฅูŠุด ู‚ุตุชู‡ ู…ุง ุฏูˆู„
417
00:38:09,600 --> 00:38:15,220
ุงู„ crown ethersุŸ ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ุจุนุฏูŠู† CH2 CH2 ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู†
418
00:38:15,220 --> 00:38:19,980
CH2 CH2 ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ู‡ู… ู„ุงุญุธูŠู† ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ether ููŠ
419
00:38:19,980 --> 00:38:23,820
ุจุนุถ ุทุจ ู„ู…ุง ุจุฏู‡ู… ูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ู… ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง ูƒูŠู ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู…ุŸ ู‡ุงูŠ
420
00:38:23,820 --> 00:38:29,780
ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ูˆ ู‡ุงุฏูŠ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ูˆ ู‡ุงุฏูŠ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู‚ุงู„ ุจุณูŠุทุฉ ุงุณุชุนู…ู„ูˆุง
421
00:38:29,780 --> 00:38:34,140
ุงุณู… ุงู„ crown okay crown ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ crown ุนุฏูˆุง ูƒู„
422
00:38:34,140 --> 00:38:39,130
ุงู„ุฐุฑุงุช ุงู„ู…ุญูŠุทุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุจุฏูŠุช ุฃุนุฏ ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุงุญุฏุฃุชู†ูŠู†
423
00:38:39,130 --> 00:38:43,550
ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ู„ูุชู‡ู… ูƒู„ู‡ู… ุจู„ุงุญุธ ุงู†ู‡ ุงู„ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ูƒู„
424
00:38:43,550 --> 00:38:48,390
ุงุชู†ุงุฆุด ูุจุฑูˆุญ ุจูƒุชุจ ุงู„ twelve ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ูƒู„ ู‚ุฏุงุด
425
00:38:48,390 --> 00:38:53,730
ุงุชู†ุงุฆุด ุงู„ crown ูƒุงู… ุงูƒุณูˆุฌูŠู†ุฉ ุนู†ุฏูƒู… ุงุฑุจุนุฉ twelve
426
00:38:53,730 --> 00:38:59,930
crown four ุงู„ุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ูƒู„ ุฎู…ุณ ุนุดุฑ ุฎู…ุณ
427
00:38:59,930 --> 00:39:05,790
ุงูƒุณูˆุฌูŠู†ุงุช ุดูˆ ุญูŠุตูŠุฑ fifteen crown five ู‡ุฐุง
428
00:39:10,900 --> 00:39:17,000
ูˆุงุถุญุŸุทูŠุจ ูู‰ ู†ุงุณ ู„ุณู‡ ู…ู‚ุชู†ุนูˆุด ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆุง ูŠุนู†ู‰ ู„ูŠุด ุฃุฎุฏูˆุง
429
00:39:17,000 --> 00:39:21,760
ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ู†ูˆุจู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุดุบู„ ุฒู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูŠุนู†ู‰ ุณูˆูŠุงู†ุง ุงู„ุงู† ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง
430
00:39:21,760 --> 00:39:26,100
ู‡ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ูู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‡ู… ุชุฌูˆูŠู ู‡ู†ุง ุนุงุฑููŠู† ุงู„ุชุฌูˆูŠู ุดูˆ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡
431
00:39:26,100 --> 00:39:31,160
ุจุงู„ุฅู†ู‚ู„ูŠุฒูŠ cavity ู…ู…ุชุงุฒูŠู† ุฌุฏุง ุงู„ู„ู‡ู… cavity ุงู„
432
00:39:31,160 --> 00:39:34,520
cavity ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุฏุฎู„ ุถูŠู ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ูŠุนู†ู‰ ู‡ู… ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง
433
00:39:34,520 --> 00:39:40,390
ุงู„ู…ุถูŠู ุงูŠุด ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ ุงู„ู…ุถูŠู hostู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูŠุฌูŠ guest ูŠุฏุฎู„
434
00:39:40,390 --> 00:39:44,290
ุฌูˆุง ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงู„ุจู†ูŠ ุขุฏู… ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู‚ูˆุถุฉ ู„ุถูŠูˆู ูˆ ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุถูŠู
435
00:39:44,290 --> 00:39:48,010
ูŠุฏุฎู„ ููŠู‡ุง ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุฌูŠุจ ุถูŠู ูŠุฏุฎู„ ู‡ู†ุงุŒ ุฅูŠุด ุจุฏู‡
436
00:39:48,010 --> 00:39:53,650
ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุถูŠูุŸ ุงุทู„ุนูˆู„ูŠ ุฅู† ุงู„ oxygen ูŠุญู…ู„ ุฃุฒูˆุงุฌ
437
00:39:53,650 --> 00:39:54,850
ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ุงุช
438
00:39:57,510 --> 00:40:00,990
ูˆ ุจุฏูˆ ูŠุฌูŠ ูŠุถูŠููŠ ุจูˆุณุท ู‡ุงู„ุณุญุงุจุฉ ุงู„ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ูŠุฉุŒ ุดูˆ ุจุฏูˆ
439
00:40:00,990 --> 00:40:07,330
ูŠูƒูˆู†ุŸ ู…ูˆุฌุจุŒ ุงูŠุด ุฃุดู‡ุฑ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌุจุŸ ุงู„ู€metal ionsุŒ Sodium
440
00:40:07,330 --> 00:40:13,330
Plus, Potassium Plus, Cesium Plus ูˆ ู‡ูƒุฐุงุŒ ุงุฐุง ู‡ู†ุง
441
00:40:13,330 --> 00:40:19,440
ู„ู…ุง ุจุฏูˆ ูŠุฏุฎู„ุŒ ุงูŠุด ู‡ูŠุฏุฎู„ุŸ Metal Plusู„ุฃู† ุงู„ุฌูˆ ุงู„ุนุงู…
442
00:40:19,440 --> 00:40:25,160
ูƒู„ู‡ ุณุงู„ุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏูˆ ูŠุฌูŠ ูŠุฏุฎู„ ุฅูŠุดุŸ ู…ุนุฏู† ู…ูˆุฌุจ ุทุจ ุงู„ุขู†
443
00:40:25,160 --> 00:40:29,000
ุงุชุทู„ุนูˆู„ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ cavities ุงู„ cavities ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฅู„ู‡ุง
444
00:40:29,000 --> 00:40:33,320
ุฃุญุฌุงู… ูˆู„ุง ูƒู„ู‡ุง ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุญุฌู…ุŸ ุฃุญุฌุงู… ุทุจ ูˆ ุขูŠูˆู†ุงุช
445
00:40:33,320 --> 00:40:40,860
ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู† ู…ุด ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑูŠ ุนู†ุฏูƒู… ู† ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุจูˆุชุงุณูŠูˆู…ุŸ
446
00:40:40,860 --> 00:40:47,450
ุณูŠุฒูŠูˆู…ุŸุงู„ุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุญุฌู…ู‡ ุตุบูŠุฑุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุฃูƒุจุฑุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุฃูƒุจุฑุŒ ุฅุฐุง
447
00:40:47,450 --> 00:40:53,590
ู‡ู„ ูƒู„ Ion ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ cavity ูˆู„ุง ููŠู‡ ุชู†ุงุณูˆุŸ Ion
448
00:40:53,590 --> 00:40:58,650
ู…ุนูŠู† ุจูŠุฏุฎู„ ุจ cavity ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ Ion ู…ุนูŠู† ุจูŠุฏุฎู„ ุจcavity
449
00:40:58,650 --> 00:41:03,730
ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุซู„ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ ุงู„ 18 crown 6 ู„ู…ุง ุฌุงุณูˆุง
450
00:41:03,730 --> 00:41:08,230
ุญุฌู… ุงู„ cavity ุชุจุนุชู‡ุจูŠู† ุงุชู†ูŠู† ูˆ ุณุชุฉ ู…ู† ุนุดุฑุฉ ู„ุชู„ุงุชุฉ
451
00:41:08,230 --> 00:41:12,030
ูˆ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู…ู† ุนุดุฑุฉ ุฃู†ุฌุณุชุฑูˆู† ุทุจ ุญุฌู… ุงูŠูˆู† ุงู„ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ูˆุงุญุฏ
452
00:41:12,030 --> 00:41:15,510
ูˆ ุชุณุนุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูˆ ุชุณุนุฉ ู„ูˆ ุญุทู†ุงู‡ ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุง ุฅูŠุด ุจูŠุนู…ู„
453
00:41:15,510 --> 00:41:21,490
ุงู„ูุชุญุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุจูŠุฌุน ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ cesium ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ูˆ
454
00:41:21,490 --> 00:41:27,550
ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ูุชุญุฉ ุจูŠุฏุฎู„ุด ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชู†ุงุณุจ ู…ุนู‡ุง
455
00:41:27,550 --> 00:41:31,990
ุงุชู†ูŠู† ูˆ ุณุชุฉ ูˆ ุณุชูŠู† ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ูˆ ุณุชุฉ ู„ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ูˆ ุงุชู†ูŠู†
456
00:41:32,930 --> 00:41:37,910
ุงู„ุจูˆุชุงุณูŠูˆู… ุฅุฐุง ู„ูˆ ุญุทูŠู†ุง ุงู„ crown ุงู„ุขู† ูˆ ุฌูŠุจู†ุง
457
00:41:37,910 --> 00:41:42,650
ุงู„ุชู„ุช ุฃูŠูˆู†ุงุช ู…ุนุงุฏู† ู‡ูˆ ููŠู‡ cavity ุงู„ุงู† ุงู„ cavity
458
00:41:42,650 --> 00:41:50,330
ูˆุงุญุฏ ุตุบูŠุฑ ุจูŠุฏุฎู„ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุจูŠูˆู‚ุน ูˆุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ู…ุง ุจูŠุฌูŠุด
459
00:41:50,330 --> 00:41:54,970
ูˆุงู„ุชุงู„ุช ุงู„ู…ุชู†ุงุณุจ ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠู‚ุนุฏ ููŠ ู‚ู„ุจ ุงู„ cavityุŸ
460
00:41:55,610 --> 00:42:01,130
ุงู„ุจูˆุชุงุณูŠูˆู… ุงุฐุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ crown ุตุงุฑ ู„ูˆ ุญุทู†ุงู„ู‡ ุงู„ุชู„ุงุชุฉ
461
00:42:01,130 --> 00:42:05,390
ุตุงุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ู… ุงู„ุจูˆุชุงุณูŠูˆู… ูˆ ุณุงุจ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠู† ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠู† ุนุงุฑููŠู†
462
00:42:05,390 --> 00:42:09,990
ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ ุฒูŠ ุงูŠุดุŸ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ุดุจูƒุฉ ุชุจุนุช ุตูŠุงุฏูŠู† ุงู„ุณู…ูƒ ุตูŠุงุฏ
463
00:42:09,990 --> 00:42:13,530
ุงู„ุณู…ูƒ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุงูƒุชุฑ ู…ู† ุดุจูƒุฉ ู„ูƒู„ ู…ูˆุณู… ูƒู„ ุดุจูƒุฉ ููŠู‡ุง ุญุฌู…
464
00:42:13,530 --> 00:42:19,110
ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ู„ู…ุง ุจุฏูˆ ูŠุตูŠุฏ ุงู„ุจูˆุฑูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุญุฌู… ู…ุนูŠู† ุจูŠู…ุณูƒ ุณู…ูƒุฉ
465
00:42:19,110 --> 00:42:24,200
ุงู„ุจูˆุฑูŠ ุทุจ ูˆ ุงู„ุณุฑุฏูŠู†ุŸููŠ ุดุจูƒุฉ ุงู„ุจูˆุฑูŠ ุจูŠุฏุฎู„ ูˆ ุจูŠุทู„ุน
466
00:42:24,200 --> 00:42:27,320
ู‚ุฏุงู…ู‡ ู‡ูˆ ู…ุด ู†ุงูˆูŠ ูŠุตูŠุฏู‡ ุจูŠุฏุฎู„ ูˆ ุจูŠุทู„ุน ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุณู…ูƒ
467
00:42:27,320 --> 00:42:30,460
ุงู„ุตุบูŠุฑ ู„ู…ุง ุจุฏูŠู‡ ูŠุตูŠุฏ ุงู„ุณุฑุฏูŠู† ุดูˆ ุจุฏูŠู‡ ูŠุณุชุนู…ู„ ุฅู„ู‡ุงุŸ
468
00:42:30,460 --> 00:42:35,000
ุดุจูƒุฉ ุฃุตุบุฑ ุฃูู‡ู…ุชูˆุง ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ host ูˆ ุงู„
469
00:42:35,000 --> 00:42:39,840
guestุŸ ุฅู†ู‡ ุงู„ guest ุงู„ุถูŠู ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏูŠู‡ ูŠูŠุฌูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ
470
00:42:39,840 --> 00:42:44,560
ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุซู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ guest ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠูƒูˆู† ุญุฌู…ู‡ ู…ุชู†ุงุณุจ ู…ุน
471
00:42:44,560 --> 00:42:51,240
ุฅูŠุดุŸ ู…ุน ุงู„ cavity ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู„ู‡ ุญุชู‰ ุชุทุจูŠู‚ุงุช ููŠ
472
00:42:51,240 --> 00:42:56,940
ูˆูŠู†ุŸููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฌุงู„ ุงู„ุทุจูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุฏูˆูŠุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุขุฎุฑ slide ุงู„ุขู†
473
00:42:56,940 --> 00:43:03,220
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู‡ุงูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ ุจุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุฃูˆ ุจุงุฎุฑู‡
474
00:43:03,220 --> 00:43:10,380
ูˆ ููŠ cavity ู‡ู†ุงhigh cavity ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูƒูุชูŠ ุชุจุนุชู‡ ุงูุชุณุน
475
00:43:10,380 --> 00:43:16,300
ุงู„ุจูˆุชุงุณูŠูˆู… ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ ู†ุง ุจู„ุณ ูˆุจูˆุชุงุณูŠูˆู… ุจู„ุณ
476
00:43:16,300 --> 00:43:20,980
ููŠ ุฌุณู… ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฏุฎู„ ููŠ ุงู„ูƒูุชูŠ ุงู„ุจูˆุชุงุณูŠูˆู…
477
00:43:20,980 --> 00:43:25,940
ุงู„ุขู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุถุงุฏ ุงู„ุญูŠูˆูŠ ุจุฏุฎู„ ุฌูˆุง ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ู„ู…ุง ูŠุฏุฎู„
478
00:43:25,940 --> 00:43:31,500
ุจุฏุฎู„ ุจู…ุง ุญู…ู„ ุฅุฐุง ุฅูŠุด ุฌุฏุฑ ูŠุฏุฎู„ ุฌูˆุง ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉุŸ
479
00:43:32,150 --> 00:43:37,190
ุงู„ุจูˆุชุงุณูŠูˆู… ุงูŠุด ุตุงุจ ุจุฑุง ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ุจู†ุณู…ูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡
480
00:43:37,190 --> 00:43:43,630
ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงูŠุด selective transport ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฏุฎู„ ูˆุงุญุฏ
481
00:43:43,630 --> 00:43:50,770
ู…ู† ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุฌุฏุงุฑู‡ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุถุงุฏ
482
00:43:50,770 --> 00:43:55,560
ุจูŠู‚ุฏุฑ ูŠุฏุฎู„ ููŠ ุฌู„ุจ ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉูˆ ุจูŠู‚ุฏุฑ ูŠุญู…ู„ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู†
483
00:43:55,560 --> 00:43:58,620
ุงู„ุงุชู†ูŠู†ุŒ ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠู‚ุฏุฑ ูŠุญู…ู„ู‡ุŸ ุงู„ potassium
484
00:43:58,620 --> 00:44:01,920
ุงู„ู…ุชู†ุงุณุจ ู…ุน ุญุฌู… ุงู„ cavity ุจู†ุงุก ุนู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ ู‡ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„
485
00:44:01,920 --> 00:44:05,500
ุจูŠุญู…ู„ ุงู„ potassiumุŒ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุจู…ุง ุญู…ู„ู‡ ุจูŠุฏุฎู„ ุฌูˆุง
486
00:44:05,500 --> 00:44:11,000
ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุจุฒุงู…ูˆ ุฏุฎู„ุŒ ู†ุฌู„ ุงู„ potassium ู…ู† ุจุฑุง ู„ุฌูˆุง
487
00:44:11,700 --> 00:44:15,900
ูุงู‡ู…ุชูˆุง ุฃูŠู† ุงู„ุฌู…ุงู„ ุจููƒุฑุฉ crown ethers ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุณุฑู‡ุง
488
00:44:15,900 --> 00:44:21,900
ุงู†ุนูƒุงุณ ุนู„ู‰ ูˆุงู‚ุน ุงู„ุชุทุจูŠู‚ ุงู„ุทุจูŠ ุจู‡ูƒ ุจู†ูƒูˆู† ุฃู†ู‡ูŠู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง
489
00:44:21,900 --> 00:44:24,140
ุงู„ chapter ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ ุงู„ ethers