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1 |
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00:00:20,720 --> 00:00:23,140 |
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Okay بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم اليوم إن شاء الله |
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2 |
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00:00:23,140 --> 00:00:26,260 |
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سنقوم بالدراسة عن المصادر المشتركة أو الواحدات |
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3 |
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00:00:26,260 --> 00:00:29,940 |
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المشتركة أو الواحدات المشتركة أو الواحدات المشتركة |
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4 |
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00:00:29,940 --> 00:00:31,200 |
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أو الواحدات المشتركة أو الواحدات المشتركة أو |
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5 |
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00:00:31,200 --> 00:00:31,200 |
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الواحدات المشتركة أو الواحدات المشتركة أو الواحدات |
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6 |
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00:00:31,200 --> 00:00:31,220 |
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المشتركة أو الواحدات المشتركة أو الواحدات المشتركة |
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7 |
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00:00:31,220 --> 00:00:33,700 |
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أو الواحدات المشتركة أو الواحدات المشتركة أو |
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8 |
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00:00:33,700 --> 00:00:34,980 |
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الواحدات المشتركة أو الواحدات المشتركة أو الواحدات |
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9 |
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00:00:34,980 --> 00:00:37,600 |
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المشتركة أو الواحدات المشتركة أو الواحدات المشتركة |
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10 |
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00:00:37,600 --> 00:00:45,300 |
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أو الواحدات المشتركة أو |
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11 |
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00:00:45,300 --> 00:00:52,040 |
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الواحدات المشتركللجمهور أو للجمهور الحقيقي، يجب أن |
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12 |
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00:00:52,040 --> 00:00:56,960 |
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يكون مستخدما و لا مقارنة، ولكن بالنسبة للمصادر |
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13 |
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00:00:56,960 --> 00:01:10,640 |
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العامة هنا، لدينا مثال، وهو البحث في البحر البحر |
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14 |
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00:01:10,640 --> 00:01:18,670 |
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في البحر هناوهي مستخدمة ومستخدمة |
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15 |
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00:01:18,670 --> 00:01:21,350 |
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ومستخدمة ومستخدمة ومستخدمة ومستخدمة ومستخدمة |
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16 |
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00:01:21,350 --> 00:01:24,850 |
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ومستخدمة |
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17 |
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00:01:24,850 --> 00:01:24,850 |
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ومستخدمة ومستخدمة ومستخدمة ومستخدمة ومستخدمة |
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18 |
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00:01:24,850 --> 00:01:25,030 |
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ومستخدمة ومستخدمة ومستخدمة ومستخدمة ومستخدمة |
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19 |
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00:01:25,030 --> 00:01:26,010 |
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ومستخدمة ومستخدمة ومستخدمة ومستخدمة ومستخدمة |
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20 |
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00:01:26,010 --> 00:01:26,010 |
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ومستخدمة ومستخدمة ومستخدمة ومستخدمة ومستخدمة |
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21 |
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00:01:26,010 --> 00:01:28,190 |
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ومستخدمة ومستخدمة ومستخدمة ومستخدمة ومستخدمة |
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22 |
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00:01:28,190 --> 00:01:32,150 |
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ومستخدمة ومستخدمة ومستخدمة |
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23 |
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00:01:32,150 --> 00:01:36,750 |
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ومستخدمةالاستخدام من الأشياء أو المستخدم الأضافي |
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24 |
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00:01:36,750 --> 00:01:43,170 |
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عندما يستخدم أو يستخدم الأشياء هنا سوف يؤثر على |
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25 |
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00:01:43,170 --> 00:01:49,890 |
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الأشياء السابقة، صح؟ هنا عندما نتحدث عن المسافة في |
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26 |
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00:01:49,890 --> 00:01:59,290 |
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البحر عندما يذهب أشياء أضافية للمسافة سوف تؤثر على |
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27 |
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00:01:59,290 --> 00:02:04,040 |
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أفعال الأشياء السابقة هناهذا البرنامج لديه تأثير |
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28 |
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00:02:04,040 --> 00:02:11,540 |
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ناجح، يسمى هذا البرنامج رايفل، ليس إكسكلودة، يعني |
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29 |
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00:02:11,540 --> 00:02:16,840 |
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أنه بسهولة للمسافرين أن يذهبوا للمسافرة بدون أي |
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30 |
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00:02:16,840 --> 00:02:25,010 |
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حاجة، لا حاجة للمدخل للمسافرة هناالشركات العامة هي |
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31 |
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00:02:25,010 --> 00:02:29,110 |
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الشركات التي هي مقارنة ولكنها ليست مستخدمة، الفحر |
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32 |
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00:02:29,110 --> 00:02:33,690 |
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في البحر هو مقارنة لأنه عندما يحصل الشخص على |
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33 |
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00:02:33,690 --> 00:02:40,570 |
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الفحر، فهناك أقل الفحر للمجهد التالي ليحصل علىههذا |
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34 |
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00:02:40,570 --> 00:02:48,450 |
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يعني أنه يكون هناك تأثير نقلي على السابق أو السابق |
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35 |
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00:02:48,450 --> 00:02:54,570 |
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أو السابق اللذي يريد الذهاب للسحر هنا السحر ليس |
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36 |
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00:02:54,570 --> 00:03:00,330 |
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مستخدما لأنه صعب ان يوقف السحر من خروج السحر من |
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37 |
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00:03:00,330 --> 00:03:00,950 |
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السحر |
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38 |
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00:03:04,680 --> 00:03:08,160 |
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هو أسهل لأي شخص يذهب للتحقيق بدون أي حاجة أو حاجة |
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39 |
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00:03:08,160 --> 00:03:10,880 |
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أو حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو |
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40 |
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00:03:10,880 --> 00:03:10,940 |
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حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو |
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41 |
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00:03:10,940 --> 00:03:13,300 |
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حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو |
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42 |
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00:03:13,300 --> 00:03:15,960 |
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حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو |
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43 |
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00:03:15,960 --> 00:03:18,200 |
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حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو |
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44 |
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00:03:18,200 --> 00:03:18,260 |
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حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو |
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45 |
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00:03:18,260 --> 00:03:19,880 |
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حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو |
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46 |
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00:03:19,880 --> 00:03:31,960 |
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حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو حاجة أو ح |
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47 |
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00:03:33,030 --> 00:03:36,210 |
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تمام؟ طيب both are closely related to |
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48 |
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00:03:36,210 --> 00:03:39,850 |
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externalities وشوفنا موضوع ال public goods كيف |
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49 |
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00:03:39,850 --> 00:03:42,510 |
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معالجاته في موضوع ال externalities negative و |
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50 |
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00:03:42,510 --> 00:03:44,550 |
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positive و externalities of consumption و |
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51 |
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00:03:44,550 --> 00:03:49,430 |
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production بصبوط and for both externalities arise |
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52 |
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00:03:49,430 --> 00:03:53,450 |
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because something of value has no price attached |
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53 |
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00:03:53,450 --> 00:04:02,130 |
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okay no price is free of a charge let's go toهنا |
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54 |
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00:04:02,130 --> 00:04:07,730 |
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في الاناليزة إذا كان شخص ما يستخدم مصطلح عام مثل |
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55 |
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00:04:07,730 --> 00:04:12,730 |
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المسافة في المحيط هنا مثل المحيط في المحيط أشخاص |
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56 |
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00:04:12,730 --> 00:04:18,870 |
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أخرون أسوأ منهم ولكنهم ليسوا مجانين لهذا الاختلاف |
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57 |
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00:04:18,870 --> 00:04:24,630 |
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فيا ال negative effects على الناس الموجودة already |
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58 |
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00:04:24,630 --> 00:04:28,690 |
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بتسيط تمام؟ انشوف what else؟ |
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59 |
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00:04:34,590 --> 00:04:39,710 |
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عنا مصطلح اسمه sustainable production شو هي |
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60 |
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00:04:39,710 --> 00:04:45,010 |
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sustainable production؟ مستدام for a long time، |
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61 |
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00:04:45,010 --> 00:04:49,550 |
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بصبوط؟ طيب، هي sustainable production is the rate |
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62 |
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00:04:49,550 --> 00:04:53,670 |
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of production that can be maintained indefinitely |
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63 |
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00:04:53,670 --> 00:05:04,050 |
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إنتاج بيظل لأجل غير مسمّى، تمام؟السؤال هل ال |
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64 |
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00:05:04,050 --> 00:05:10,570 |
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fishing in the ocean here مستدام for indefinitely؟ |
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65 |
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00:05:10,570 --> 00:05:15,150 |
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this is the question here no because we have a |
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66 |
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00:05:15,150 --> 00:05:21,710 |
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stock of fish and |
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67 |
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00:05:21,710 --> 00:05:28,190 |
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it might be decreased due to additional catching |
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68 |
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00:05:28,190 --> 00:05:36,950 |
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of fishصح ولا لا، تمام بقولنا، |
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69 |
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00:05:36,950 --> 00:05:42,890 |
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this production rate depends on the existing stock |
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70 |
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00:05:42,890 --> 00:05:46,630 |
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of fish and the number of boats that go fishing، |
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71 |
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00:05:46,630 --> 00:05:53,210 |
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أصلا Sustainable production of fish here depends |
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72 |
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00:05:53,210 --> 00:05:58,310 |
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on two variables هم أولا، كده شم ال size of the |
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73 |
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00:05:58,310 --> 00:05:58,870 |
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stocks؟ |
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74 |
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00:06:05,490 --> 00:06:12,530 |
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و ال number of boats that go fishing خلّي |
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75 |
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00:06:12,530 --> 00:06:17,190 |
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ال number of boats that go fishing equal to zero |
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76 |
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00:06:17,190 --> 00:06:24,990 |
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هذا بيبقى sustainable production، مظبوط ولا لأ؟ |
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77 |
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00:06:24,990 --> 00:06:29,950 |
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زود هذا هيك، هذا بينزل، بيصير أن هذا zero |
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78 |
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00:06:33,810 --> 00:06:39,250 |
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Okay بس في شغل دراسات ال new studies بتقول انه في |
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79 |
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00:06:39,250 --> 00:06:50,030 |
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عندي انا growth rate ال |
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80 |
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00:06:50,030 --> 00:06:58,610 |
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new studies new research prepared by FAO بتقول انه |
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81 |
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00:06:58,610 --> 00:07:00,450 |
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صحيح ان احنا fishing |
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82 |
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00:07:03,800 --> 00:07:10,200 |
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وفيه انه growth rate of |
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83 |
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00:07:10,200 --> 00:07:15,900 |
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fish ال |
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84 |
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00:07:15,900 --> 00:07:22,800 |
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percentage of fishing or fishing or fish caught is |
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85 |
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00:07:22,800 --> 00:07:30,220 |
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bigger than the growth rate of fish which means ان |
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86 |
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00:07:30,220 --> 00:07:41,130 |
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ال size of normal boatsتمام؟ او ال fish code اقل |
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87 |
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00:07:41,130 --> 00:07:45,910 |
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من ال size of the sharks راح يصير لو انترك الموضوع |
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88 |
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00:07:45,910 --> 00:07:49,570 |
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هيك لو احنا سيبنا الموضوع هيك without control |
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89 |
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00:07:49,570 --> 00:07:55,070 |
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without management اتسيب او تترك ال boats تعدل ال |
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90 |
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00:07:55,070 --> 00:08:01,250 |
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fishing في ال ocean راح نوصل في الآخر sharks equal |
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91 |
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00:08:01,250 --> 00:08:07,660 |
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zeroمصموم؟ So it needs management، it needs the |
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92 |
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00:08:07,660 --> 00:08:10,820 |
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government intervention to control or to |
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93 |
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00:08:10,820 --> 00:08:15,460 |
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internalize the externality، هذا بيعمل negative |
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94 |
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00:08:15,460 --> 00:08:19,540 |
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externalities على ال community، لأن انت في الآخر |
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95 |
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00:08:19,540 --> 00:08:23,740 |
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مافي عندك sustainable production |
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96 |
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00:08:27,530 --> 00:08:31,130 |
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Okay substitutes بس .. بس .. وين احنا .. احنا بدنا |
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97 |
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00:08:31,130 --> 00:08:34,530 |
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الأساس .. هذا common goods .. هذا common resources |
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98 |
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00:08:34,530 --> 00:08:38,170 |
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.. okay هذا private intervention .. بدك تعمل انت |
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99 |
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00:08:38,170 --> 00:08:41,490 |
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.. اه بدك تعمل encashment لل private sector .. بس |
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100 |
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00:08:41,490 --> 00:08:45,010 |
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أنا عندي أساس .. عندي ال ocean .. عندي السيب .. |
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101 |
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00:08:45,010 --> 00:08:47,470 |
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بدأ أعمل عليه management .. أنا يعني .. الأصل يعمل |
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102 |
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00:08:47,470 --> 00:08:51,590 |
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عليه control .. ليش أتركه as a government .. ليش |
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103 |
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00:08:51,590 --> 00:08:56,830 |
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أسيب ..الـ boats اتعدى اتخلص ال stocks في يومين |
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104 |
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00:08:56,830 --> 00:09:05,250 |
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وانا قاعد اتفرجهم صح؟ حالة الجثة تمام؟ انشوف شو ال |
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105 |
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00:09:05,250 --> 00:09:14,030 |
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.. ال .. ال analysis ما بعد هيك for |
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106 |
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00:09:14,030 --> 00:09:18,110 |
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a given fish stock as more boat go fishing the |
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107 |
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00:09:18,110 --> 00:09:20,530 |
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quantity of fish caught increases |
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108 |
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00:09:22,700 --> 00:09:27,040 |
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صح؟ ود ال boats في أولها بيروح بصيد بصيد كميات |
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109 |
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00:09:27,040 --> 00:09:30,980 |
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كبيرة طب بعد هيك ال average coat شوف شو اللي بيصير |
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110 |
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00:09:30,980 --> 00:09:38,240 |
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فيه but with too many boats fishing quantity of |
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111 |
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00:09:38,240 --> 00:09:42,280 |
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fish coat decreases على the way with too many |
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112 |
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00:09:42,280 --> 00:09:45,860 |
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boats لما بيروح على ال go fishing ال quantity |
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113 |
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00:09:45,860 --> 00:09:50,900 |
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decreases تمام here we have the following example |
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114 |
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00:09:52,650 --> 00:09:59,150 |
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number of boats in thousand total |
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115 |
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00:09:59,150 --> 00:10:06,270 |
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catch marginal catch of fish and average catch of |
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116 |
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00:10:06,270 --> 00:10:13,630 |
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fish the given data shows your point a b c d e f |
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117 |
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00:10:13,630 --> 00:10:19,170 |
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the boats in thousand zero |
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118 |
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00:10:19,170 --> 00:10:25,020 |
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number of boats go fishingهذا يعني أن الـ total |
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119 |
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00:10:25,020 --> 00:10:28,280 |
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catch هنا في ألعاب ألف ألعاب في أشهر أشهر أشهر في |
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120 |
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00:10:28,280 --> 00:10:28,280 |
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أشهر أشهر في أشهر أشهر في أشهر أشهر في أشهر أشهر |
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121 |
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00:10:28,280 --> 00:10:32,480 |
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أشهر في أشهر أشهر أشهر أشهر أشهر أشهر أشهر أشهر |
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122 |
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00:10:32,480 --> 00:10:32,480 |
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أشهر أشهر أشهر أشهر أشهر أشهر أشهر أشهر أشهر أشهر |
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123 |
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00:10:32,480 --> 00:10:34,080 |
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أشهر أشهر أشهر أشهر أشهر أشهر أشهر أشهر أشهر أشهر |
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124 |
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00:10:34,080 --> 00:10:48,840 |
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أشهر أشهر أشهر أشهر أشهر أشهر أشهر أشهر أشهر أ |
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125 |
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00:10:50,950 --> 00:10:54,810 |
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واد قارب واحد يسيط بيسيط لك ألف بيسيط تسعين ألف طن |
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126 |
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00:10:54,810 --> 00:11:01,510 |
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بالشهر تمام؟ adding one more boat خلّي اتنين |
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127 |
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00:11:01,510 --> 00:11:06,690 |
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يروحوا يسيطوا قاربين ال total catch of fish one |
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128 |
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00:11:06,690 --> 00:11:11,450 |
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hundred sixty thousand tons per month طب ضيف واحد |
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129 |
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00:11:11,450 --> 00:11:17,110 |
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تالت ال total catch صار متين وعشرة بيسيط ال total |
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130 |
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00:11:17,110 --> 00:11:26,780 |
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I'm talking about total نقطة marginal4 240 5 250 6 |
|
|
|
131 |
|
00:11:26,780 --> 00:11:33,800 |
|
240 بدى ينزل شايفين بالآخر هيك with too many boats |
|
|
|
132 |
|
00:11:33,800 --> 00:11:42,920 |
|
ال total caught او fish caught بينزل 250 240 210 |
|
|
|
133 |
|
00:11:42,920 --> 00:11:50,160 |
|
طب نحسب ال marginalmarginal catch and average |
|
|
|
134 |
|
00:11:50,160 --> 00:11:54,800 |
|
catch marginal |
|
|
|
135 |
|
00:11:54,800 --> 00:12:06,500 |
|
catch of fish marginal catch |
|
|
|
136 |
|
00:12:06,500 --> 00:12:15,160 |
|
of fish this equals change in total catch |
|
|
|
137 |
|
00:12:17,120 --> 00:12:29,180 |
|
عن طريق تغيير رقم السيارات فالأول |
|
|
|
138 |
|
00:12:29,180 --> 00:12:42,000 |
|
حالة هنا 90-0 1-0 90 160-90 2-1 70 |
|
|
|
139 |
|
00:12:44,390 --> 00:12:52,290 |
|
210-180 how much is it 50 over 3-2 equals 50 and |
|
|
|
140 |
|
00:12:52,290 --> 00:12:59,910 |
|
etcetera هيك and etcetera هيك and etcetera هيك and |
|
|
|
141 |
|
00:12:59,910 --> 00:13:06,390 |
|
etcetera هيكمصبوط مادة من البداية من البداية هو في |
|
|
|
142 |
|
00:13:06,390 --> 00:13:11,990 |
|
النازل تمام من البداية هو في النازل 90, 70, 50, |
|
|
|
143 |
|
00:13:12,170 --> 00:13:20,550 |
|
30, 10, minus 10, minus 30 في النازل تمام؟ طيب |
|
|
|
144 |
|
00:13:20,550 --> 00:13:24,070 |
|
نشوف ال average هذا اسم marginal social benefits |
|
|
|
145 |
|
00:13:24,070 --> 00:13:27,250 |
|
marginal |
|
|
|
146 |
|
00:13:27,250 --> 00:13:33,510 |
|
social benefitsلأنه كل ما بدخل حد جديد على ال .. |
|
|
|
147 |
|
00:13:33,510 --> 00:13:37,530 |
|
على ال .. ال fish code فعليا الموجنة ال social |
|
|
|
148 |
|
00:13:37,530 --> 00:13:43,530 |
|
benefits بينزل طب شو بيصير في ال pair capital .. |
|
|
|
149 |
|
00:13:43,530 --> 00:13:48,490 |
|
نصيب ال boat اللي بيخش جديد يصيد؟ يعني في ال new |
|
|
|
150 |
|
00:13:48,490 --> 00:13:53,630 |
|
boats go fishing شو بيصير في ال share تبعه؟ في |
|
|
|
151 |
|
00:13:53,630 --> 00:14:00,680 |
|
النصيب تبعه؟ رح ينزل أكيد ان شوف أبوش catch1000 |
|
|
|
152 |
|
00:14:00,680 --> 00:14:10,680 |
|
tonnes per month طبعاً average catch equals |
|
|
|
153 |
|
00:14:10,680 --> 00:14:16,820 |
|
total catch over |
|
|
|
154 |
|
00:14:16,820 --> 00:14:25,120 |
|
the number of bullets شوف |
|
|
|
155 |
|
00:14:25,120 --> 00:14:34,390 |
|
for the first caseهنا الـ total catch هو 90 كل رقم |
|
|
|
156 |
|
00:14:34,390 --> 00:14:36,810 |
|
السيارات هو 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 |
|
|
|
157 |
|
00:14:36,810 --> 00:14:39,870 |
|
عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 |
|
|
|
158 |
|
00:14:39,870 --> 00:14:43,510 |
|
عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 |
|
|
|
159 |
|
00:14:43,510 --> 00:14:43,530 |
|
عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 |
|
|
|
160 |
|
00:14:43,530 --> 00:14:43,530 |
|
عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 |
|
|
|
161 |
|
00:14:43,530 --> 00:14:43,550 |
|
عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 |
|
|
|
162 |
|
00:14:43,550 --> 00:14:43,550 |
|
عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 |
|
|
|
163 |
|
00:14:43,550 --> 00:14:43,630 |
|
عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 |
|
|
|
164 |
|
00:14:43,630 --> 00:14:52,710 |
|
عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 عشان 90 عش |
|
|
|
165 |
|
00:14:58,510 --> 00:15:04,690 |
|
نصيب الـ average .. ال average peer vote صح ولا |
|
|
|
166 |
|
00:15:04,690 --> 00:15:09,130 |
|
لأ؟ لو هذا ال average catch peer vote شو قاعد |
|
|
|
167 |
|
00:15:09,130 --> 00:15:14,270 |
|
بيصير فيه؟ من تسعين ل تمانين، seventy, sixty, |
|
|
|
168 |
|
00:15:14,630 --> 00:15:20,630 |
|
fifty, forty, thirty، decreases it's |
|
|
|
169 |
|
00:15:20,630 --> 00:15:23,430 |
|
another indicator for the marginal private |
|
|
|
170 |
|
00:15:23,430 --> 00:15:26,090 |
|
benefits |
|
|
|
171 |
|
00:15:32,980 --> 00:15:41,500 |
|
هو نفسه الـ Average Catch طيب، |
|
|
|
172 |
|
00:15:41,500 --> 00:15:45,760 |
|
لنقارن الـ Marginal Private Benefits و Marginal |
|
|
|
173 |
|
00:15:45,760 --> 00:15:50,560 |
|
Social Benefits بالكيس |
|
|
|
174 |
|
00:15:50,560 --> 00:15:56,550 |
|
بعيدا عن الأرقام، في الـ Fishing in the Oceanلما |
|
|
|
175 |
|
00:15:56,550 --> 00:16:01,710 |
|
بيعدى قاربة free بيعدى على البحر و بصيد هو مستفيد |
|
|
|
176 |
|
00:16:01,710 --> 00:16:04,870 |
|
اكتر من المجتمع ال community مظبوط ولا لأ لأنه ال |
|
|
|
177 |
|
00:16:04,870 --> 00:16:08,950 |
|
stock تبع ال fish بينزل فعليا صح ولا لأ فال |
|
|
|
178 |
|
00:16:08,950 --> 00:16:12,450 |
|
benefits تبعته ال individual benefits هان is |
|
|
|
179 |
|
00:16:12,450 --> 00:16:15,410 |
|
bigger than the private benefits is bigger than |
|
|
|
180 |
|
00:16:15,410 --> 00:16:19,110 |
|
the social benefits عشان هيك فيه needs لل |
|
|
|
181 |
|
00:16:19,110 --> 00:16:21,650 |
|
government intervention to control the case here |
|
|
|
182 |
|
00:16:22,360 --> 00:16:31,760 |
|
دعونا نقارن خيارات الخصوصية والخيارات الاجتماعية 8 |
|
|
|
183 |
|
00:16:31,760 --> 00:16:44,100 |
|
أكتر من 70 7 أكتر من 50 6 أكتر من 30 50 40-10 30 |
|
|
|
184 |
|
00:16:44,100 --> 00:16:52,270 |
|
-30 في هذه الحالة المصادر العامة هي 0الفوضى |
|
|
|
185 |
|
00:16:52,270 --> 00:16:53,150 |
|
المجانية المجانية المجانية المجانية المجانية |
|
|
|
186 |
|
00:16:53,150 --> 00:16:56,210 |
|
المجانية المجانية المجانية المجانية المجانية |
|
|
|
187 |
|
00:16:56,210 --> 00:16:56,670 |
|
المجانية المجانية المجانية المجانية المجانية |
|
|
|
188 |
|
00:16:56,670 --> 00:16:56,950 |
|
المجانية المجانية المجانية المجانية المجانية |
|
|
|
189 |
|
00:16:56,950 --> 00:16:59,150 |
|
المجانية المجانية المجانية المجانية المجانية |
|
|
|
190 |
|
00:16:59,150 --> 00:16:59,370 |
|
المجانية المجانية المجانية المجانية المجانية |
|
|
|
191 |
|
00:16:59,370 --> 00:16:59,730 |
|
المجانية المجانية المجانية المجانية المجانية |
|
|
|
192 |
|
00:16:59,730 --> 00:16:59,730 |
|
المجانية المجانية المجانية المجانية المجانية |
|
|
|
193 |
|
00:16:59,730 --> 00:16:59,730 |
|
المجانية المجانية المجانية المجانية المجانية |
|
|
|
194 |
|
00:16:59,730 --> 00:17:03,730 |
|
المجانية المجانية |
|
|
|
195 |
|
00:17:03,730 --> 00:17:07,290 |
|
المجانية المجانية المجانية المجانية المجانية |
|
|
|
196 |
|
00:17:07,290 --> 00:17:20,010 |
|
المجانية المجانية المجان |
|
|
|
197 |
|
00:17:23,180 --> 00:17:33,960 |
|
It's bigger than the marginal social benefits صح؟ |
|
|
|
198 |
|
00:17:33,960 --> 00:17:38,320 |
|
واخدنا four cases إذا بتذكروا Negative |
|
|
|
199 |
|
00:17:38,320 --> 00:17:40,440 |
|
externalities of consumption Negative |
|
|
|
200 |
|
00:17:40,440 --> 00:17:43,540 |
|
externalities of production Positive consumption |
|
|
|
201 |
|
00:17:43,540 --> 00:17:49,140 |
|
Positive production هذا classified زي مين؟ إذا |
|
|
|
202 |
|
00:17:49,140 --> 00:17:55,100 |
|
بتذكروا Marginal private benefitsit's bigger than |
|
|
|
203 |
|
00:17:55,100 --> 00:17:59,840 |
|
the marginal social benefits ليه |
|
|
|
204 |
|
00:17:59,840 --> 00:18:04,880 |
|
إيه؟ smoking، yes it's quite similar to smoking |
|
|
|
205 |
|
00:18:04,880 --> 00:18:10,900 |
|
negative externality of consumption، مظبوط؟ تمام، |
|
|
|
206 |
|
00:18:10,900 --> 00:18:13,400 |
|
إذا نحن مارجع ال private benefits it's bigger than |
|
|
|
207 |
|
00:18:13,400 --> 00:18:16,020 |
|
the marginal social benefits it's quite similar to |
|
|
|
208 |
|
00:18:16,020 --> 00:18:19,180 |
|
the smoking case here so the government should |
|
|
|
209 |
|
00:18:19,180 --> 00:18:23,020 |
|
intervene to internalize the externality here by |
|
|
|
210 |
|
00:18:23,020 --> 00:18:24,020 |
|
using different tools |
|
|
|
211 |
|
00:18:30,780 --> 00:18:35,900 |
|
طبعا نعمل analysis على ال table ونقول انه ال table |
|
|
|
212 |
|
00:18:35,900 --> 00:18:39,000 |
|
when shows the average and marginal catch depends |
|
|
|
213 |
|
00:18:39,000 --> 00:18:41,660 |
|
on the number of boats that go fishing |
|
|
|
214 |
|
00:18:44,450 --> 00:18:50,750 |
|
as the number of fishing boats increases هايو انه |
|
|
|
215 |
|
00:18:50,750 --> 00:18:54,250 |
|
لما بيزيد number of boats that go fishing شو اللي |
|
|
|
216 |
|
00:18:54,250 --> 00:19:00,830 |
|
بيصير؟ عملنا ال analysis عليه احنا قلنا the |
|
|
|
217 |
|
00:19:00,830 --> 00:19:06,590 |
|
marginal catch is decreasing and becomes negative |
|
|
|
218 |
|
00:19:06,590 --> 00:19:11,510 |
|
بعد فترة و هذا ال average catch لو marginal |
|
|
|
219 |
|
00:19:11,510 --> 00:19:16,640 |
|
private benefits برضه decreasesتمام؟ و هيوصل |
|
|
|
220 |
|
00:19:16,640 --> 00:19:21,900 |
|
لمرحلة بعد شوية هاد راح يصير Zero بمعنى اي قارب |
|
|
|
221 |
|
00:19:21,900 --> 00:19:28,500 |
|
بده يعد لصيد راح يصير صفر Zero catch Zero caught |
|
|
|
222 |
|
00:19:28,500 --> 00:19:32,340 |
|
طبعا ال stock equal zero هذا اللي مابصير يعني حط |
|
|
|
223 |
|
00:19:32,340 --> 00:19:38,960 |
|
eight و حط additional ذاتة هي هاد ال decreases من |
|
|
|
224 |
|
00:19:38,960 --> 00:19:48,340 |
|
90 ل 80 ل 70 60 50 4030 20 10 0 اذا طبعا تلاقيه |
|
|
|
225 |
|
00:19:48,340 --> 00:19:53,780 |
|
zero stock equals zero بصير تمام طيب نشوف ال |
|
|
|
226 |
|
00:19:53,780 --> 00:20:01,600 |
|
analysis هيك تمام marginal decreases طيب let's go |
|
|
|
227 |
|
00:20:01,600 --> 00:20:07,460 |
|
for to the following term which is the hour |
|
|
|
228 |
|
00:20:07,460 --> 00:20:12,290 |
|
fishing equilibrium hour fishing معناتهيعني أن |
|
|
|
229 |
|
00:20:12,290 --> 00:20:20,710 |
|
هناك سيادة زيادة عن اللزوم overfishing سيادة |
|
|
|
230 |
|
00:20:20,710 --> 00:20:26,710 |
|
زيادة عن الحدوق سنرى ما هو overfishing overfishing |
|
|
|
231 |
|
00:20:26,710 --> 00:20:33,630 |
|
اكترز لأن مالهم الرياضيين يعتبروا مفروضاتهم |
|
|
|
232 |
|
00:20:33,630 --> 00:20:34,270 |
|
مفروضاتهم مفروضاتهم مفروضاتهم مفروضاتهم مفروضاتهم |
|
|
|
233 |
|
00:20:34,270 --> 00:20:39,110 |
|
مفروضاتهم مفروضاتهم مفروضاتهم |
|
|
|
234 |
|
00:20:40,210 --> 00:20:43,610 |
|
The social consequences و اللي هي الـ Negative |
|
|
|
235 |
|
00:20:43,610 --> 00:20:49,730 |
|
externalities بظبط؟ بهموا حاله خلاص بهموا جدش هو |
|
|
|
236 |
|
00:20:49,730 --> 00:20:54,710 |
|
يروح يصيد جدش بيكلف الموضوع تمام؟ هذا هيك .. هذا |
|
|
|
237 |
|
00:20:54,710 --> 00:21:01,410 |
|
بيخبر عندي حالة اسمها over fishing تمام؟ |
|
|
|
238 |
|
00:21:04,680 --> 00:21:09,580 |
|
نشوف الـ finger illustrates here the sustainable |
|
|
|
239 |
|
00:21:09,580 --> 00:21:13,480 |
|
production of fish نشوف شو الأمور الموجودة عندنا |
|
|
|
240 |
|
00:21:13,480 --> 00:21:17,660 |
|
هيك in the vertical axis here we have the |
|
|
|
241 |
|
00:21:17,660 --> 00:21:23,360 |
|
sustainable catch in thousand of tons per month at |
|
|
|
242 |
|
00:21:23,360 --> 00:21:26,060 |
|
the horizontal axis here we have the number of |
|
|
|
243 |
|
00:21:26,060 --> 00:21:27,520 |
|
boats in thousand |
|
|
|
244 |
|
00:21:31,750 --> 00:21:32,930 |
|
عندما تزداد عدد عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية |
|
|
|
245 |
|
00:21:32,930 --> 00:21:33,590 |
|
عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية |
|
|
|
246 |
|
00:21:33,590 --> 00:21:35,850 |
|
عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية |
|
|
|
247 |
|
00:21:35,850 --> 00:21:42,790 |
|
عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية |
|
|
|
248 |
|
00:21:42,790 --> 00:21:45,350 |
|
عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية |
|
|
|
249 |
|
00:21:45,350 --> 00:21:45,630 |
|
عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية |
|
|
|
250 |
|
00:21:45,630 --> 00:21:45,630 |
|
عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية |
|
|
|
251 |
|
00:21:45,630 --> 00:21:45,630 |
|
عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية |
|
|
|
252 |
|
00:21:45,630 --> 00:21:45,630 |
|
عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية عملية |
|
|
|
253 |
|
00:21:45,630 --> 00:21:45,630 |
|
عملية عملية |
|
|
|
254 |
|
00:22:00,770 --> 00:22:06,230 |
|
في المرحلة الأولى هنا كما ترى رقم السيارات الذهب |
|
|
|
255 |
|
00:22:06,230 --> 00:22:10,490 |
|
للسيارة يزيد كما ترى رقم السيارات الذهب للسيارة |
|
|
|
256 |
|
00:22:10,490 --> 00:22:18,950 |
|
يزيد كما ترى رقم |
|
|
|
257 |
|
00:22:18,950 --> 00:22:22,430 |
|
السيارات الذهب للسيارة يزيد كما ترى رقم السيارات |
|
|
|
258 |
|
00:22:22,430 --> 00:22:27,750 |
|
الذهب للسيارة يزيد |
|
|
|
259 |
|
00:22:29,290 --> 00:22:33,590 |
|
هي number of boats and total catch as the number |
|
|
|
260 |
|
00:22:33,590 --> 00:22:42,270 |
|
of boats goes up the total catch goes up the peak |
|
|
|
261 |
|
00:22:42,270 --> 00:22:50,850 |
|
here و بال maximum انت 250 صح؟ طب بعدين start |
|
|
|
262 |
|
00:22:50,850 --> 00:22:56,750 |
|
decreased اظبط ولا لا؟وضلك زيد بيوصل صفر في الآخر |
|
|
|
263 |
|
00:22:56,750 --> 00:23:00,210 |
|
total catch equals zero و ال marginal راح يصير |
|
|
|
264 |
|
00:23:00,210 --> 00:23:04,830 |
|
zero و ال average راح يصير zero تمام؟ إذا هي عندي |
|
|
|
265 |
|
00:23:04,830 --> 00:23:11,230 |
|
هذا ال graph تبع ال over fishing at |
|
|
|
266 |
|
00:23:11,230 --> 00:23:16,170 |
|
this |
|
|
|
267 |
|
00:23:16,170 --> 00:23:23,460 |
|
point here the maximum total fish caughtوين ال |
|
|
|
268 |
|
00:23:23,460 --> 00:23:29,720 |
|
maximum؟ هيه هنا عند الخمسة هيك عند five boats |
|
|
|
269 |
|
00:23:29,720 --> 00:23:35,260 |
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بنوصل ل maximum total catch او maximum sustainable |
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270 |
|
00:23:35,260 --> 00:23:40,860 |
|
catch دخل القارب الخامس السادس السادس هيك ال boat |
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271 |
|
00:23:40,860 --> 00:23:49,300 |
|
رقم ستة بيصير ال total catch بينزل دخل |
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272 |
|
00:23:49,300 --> 00:23:52,480 |
|
لعشر بيصير zero تمام؟ |
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273 |
|
00:23:53,950 --> 00:23:59,850 |
|
هذا هو الوضع الـ overfishing بدهان هنا overfishing |
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274 |
|
00:23:59,850 --> 00:24:06,150 |
|
بمعنى بعد القارب رقم خمسة اتدخلش |
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275 |
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00:24:06,150 --> 00:24:09,750 |
|
حد تمام؟ |
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276 |
|
00:24:09,750 --> 00:24:13,330 |
|
لأنه بيبدأ negative externalities على ال community |
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277 |
|
00:24:13,330 --> 00:24:17,950 |
|
marginal social benefits بيبدأ فيه problems هنا |
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278 |
|
00:24:18,990 --> 00:24:23,430 |
|
تمام؟ عشان تحافظ على ال stock in fish و تحافظ على |
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279 |
|
00:24:23,430 --> 00:24:28,450 |
|
ال sustainable production بدك you have to keep up |
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|
280 |
|
00:24:28,450 --> 00:24:34,290 |
|
here to stop fishing here تمام؟ نشوف analysis |
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|
281 |
|
00:24:34,290 --> 00:24:38,070 |
|
بقولنا overfishing occurs when the maximum |
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282 |
|
00:24:38,070 --> 00:24:45,290 |
|
sustainable catch decreases هان هاي overfishing |
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283 |
|
00:24:45,290 --> 00:24:47,350 |
|
هاي النقطه هيد overfishing |
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284 |
|
00:24:51,120 --> 00:24:54,920 |
|
نبدأ هى لهيك over fishing يبدأ اللى هو sustainable |
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285 |
|
00:24:54,920 --> 00:25:02,520 |
|
catch to decrease okay نروح لل efficient use of |
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286 |
|
00:25:02,520 --> 00:25:08,120 |
|
common resources efficient use of common resources |
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287 |
|
00:25:08,120 --> 00:25:11,880 |
|
here |
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288 |
|
00:25:11,880 --> 00:25:14,320 |
|
in the horizontal axis we have the number of boats |
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289 |
|
00:25:14,320 --> 00:25:17,800 |
|
thousand and the vertical axis the sustainable |
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290 |
|
00:25:17,800 --> 00:25:25,730 |
|
catch فيه boatبتون بيرمان مارجينال الـ private |
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291 |
|
00:25:25,730 --> 00:25:29,770 |
|
benefits مارجينال الـ private benefits مارجينال |
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292 |
|
00:25:29,770 --> 00:25:33,430 |
|
الـ private benefits مارجينال الـ private benefits |
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293 |
|
00:25:33,430 --> 00:25:39,010 |
|
مارجينال الـ private benefits مارجينال الـ private |
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294 |
|
00:25:39,010 --> 00:25:42,290 |
|
benefits مارجينال الـ private benefits مارجينال |
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295 |
|
00:25:42,290 --> 00:25:42,330 |
|
الـ private benefits مارجينال الـ private benefits |
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296 |
|
00:25:42,330 --> 00:25:42,670 |
|
مارجينال الـ private benefits مارجينال الـ private |
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297 |
|
00:25:42,670 --> 00:25:42,690 |
|
benefits مارجينال الـ private benefits مارجينال |
|
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298 |
|
00:25:42,690 --> 00:25:42,690 |
|
الـ private benefits مارجينال الـ private benefits |
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|
299 |
|
00:25:42,690 --> 00:25:42,690 |
|
مارجينال الـ private benefits مارجينال الـ private |
|
|
|
300 |
|
00:25:42,690 --> 00:25:42,690 |
|
benefits مارجينال الـ private benefits مارجينال |
|
|
|
301 |
|
00:25:42,690 --> 00:25:42,690 |
|
الـ private benefits مارجينال الـ private benefits |
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|
302 |
|
00:25:42,690 --> 00:25:42,690 |
|
مارجينال الـ private benefits مارجينال الـ private |
|
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|
303 |
|
00:25:42,690 --> 00:25:45,850 |
|
benefits مارجينال الـ private benefits مارجينال |
|
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|
304 |
|
00:25:45,850 --> 00:25:48,070 |
|
الـ private benefits مارجينال الـ private benefits |
|
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|
305 |
|
00:25:48,070 --> 00:25:51,660 |
|
مmargin of private benefits من ال data اللي |
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|
306 |
|
00:25:51,660 --> 00:26:01,520 |
|
أخدناها قبل شويه margin of social benefits جاي |
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|
307 |
|
00:26:01,520 --> 00:26:09,820 |
|
تحت منه ارجع لل data هيك مين |
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|
308 |
|
00:26:09,820 --> 00:26:16,570 |
|
أعلى من مين margin of private benefitsهيو راح يكون |
|
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|
309 |
|
00:26:16,570 --> 00:26:20,250 |
|
أعلى من .. at each quantity حط ال data على graph |
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|
310 |
|
00:26:20,250 --> 00:26:24,130 |
|
تطلع معاكي ال marginal private benefits it's |
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311 |
|
00:26:24,130 --> 00:26:26,710 |
|
bigger .. higher .. larger or higher than the |
|
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|
312 |
|
00:26:26,710 --> 00:26:30,990 |
|
marginal social benefits صح؟ اللي هو هذا average |
|
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|
313 |
|
00:26:30,990 --> 00:26:35,450 |
|
catch is bigger than the marginal catch واللي مبين |
|
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|
314 |
|
00:26:35,450 --> 00:26:40,230 |
|
أنت في ال graph هم بدين مع سواء عند التسعين بعدين |
|
|
|
315 |
|
00:26:40,230 --> 00:26:44,490 |
|
نزلين حد أعلى من حد انا بود افترض هيك |
|
|
|
316 |
|
00:26:51,750 --> 00:26:56,770 |
|
عند الواحد هذا قيمته مارجينال سوشيل وعند الاتنين |
|
|
|
317 |
|
00:26:56,770 --> 00:27:03,450 |
|
مارجينال private هتلاقيه أعلى مارجينال مارجينال |
|
|
|
318 |
|
00:27:03,450 --> 00:27:05,430 |
|
مارجينال مارجينال مارجينال مارجينال مارجينال |
|
|
|
319 |
|
00:27:05,430 --> 00:27:09,570 |
|
مارجينال مارجينال مارجينال مارجينال مارجينال |
|
|
|
320 |
|
00:27:09,570 --> 00:27:11,350 |
|
مارجينال مارجينال مارجينال مارجينال مارجينال |
|
|
|
321 |
|
00:27:11,350 --> 00:27:11,490 |
|
مارجينال مارجينال مارجينال مارجينال مارجينال |
|
|
|
322 |
|
00:27:11,490 --> 00:27:11,830 |
|
مارجينال مارجينال مارجينال مارجينال مارجينال |
|
|
|
323 |
|
00:27:11,830 --> 00:27:11,930 |
|
مارجينال مارجينال مارجينال مارجينال مارجينال |
|
|
|
324 |
|
00:27:11,930 --> 00:27:14,140 |
|
مارجينال مارجينال مارجينال مارجينال مارجينالتمام؟ |
|
|
|
325 |
|
00:27:14,140 --> 00:27:17,960 |
|
هذا من ال data لو أنت روحت على ال data بتقدر تعمل |
|
|
|
326 |
|
00:27:17,960 --> 00:27:21,100 |
|
driving ل marginal private benefits curve و |
|
|
|
327 |
|
00:27:21,100 --> 00:27:26,980 |
|
marginal social benefits curve تمام as we |
|
|
|
328 |
|
00:27:26,980 --> 00:27:30,220 |
|
mentioned that the marginal private benefits is |
|
|
|
329 |
|
00:27:30,220 --> 00:27:35,520 |
|
the average fish caught or the average catch of |
|
|
|
330 |
|
00:27:35,520 --> 00:27:41,220 |
|
fish marginal social benefits is the marginal |
|
|
|
331 |
|
00:27:41,220 --> 00:27:42,160 |
|
catch of fish |
|
|
|
332 |
|
00:27:45,360 --> 00:27:51,120 |
|
وهو مارجينال فش كوت يعنى |
|
|
|
333 |
|
00:27:51,120 --> 00:27:57,560 |
|
و تبعدوا مارجينال كوست peer port يعني لو في قارب |
|
|
|
334 |
|
00:27:57,560 --> 00:28:02,880 |
|
يعدي جديد للصيد تكلفة الرحلة لل trip تبعه في الصيد |
|
|
|
335 |
|
00:28:02,880 --> 00:28:08,860 |
|
راح تكون نفس تكلفة القارب اللي جابلهبمعنى بده fuel |
|
|
|
336 |
|
00:28:08,860 --> 00:28:15,420 |
|
بده workers بده fees اذا كان بده يعادي لل .. للصيد |
|
|
|
337 |
|
00:28:15,420 --> 00:28:20,980 |
|
مظبوط اذا ال marginal cost في ال boat ده same for |
|
|
|
338 |
|
00:28:20,980 --> 00:28:29,480 |
|
all boats in the .. the ocean here مظبوط؟ so هي |
|
|
|
339 |
|
00:28:29,480 --> 00:28:35,380 |
|
ال marginal cost should be fixed يعني |
|
|
|
340 |
|
00:28:35,380 --> 00:28:45,330 |
|
لو فينا قارب واحدراح يدفع 22 بافتراض هيك انه تكلفة |
|
|
|
341 |
|
00:28:45,330 --> 00:28:52,790 |
|
الرحلة ال trip for fishing بتكلفني 22$ بافتراض هيك |
|
|
|
342 |
|
00:28:52,790 --> 00:28:56,130 |
|
لو عند اتنين بال average هي راح يكلفوني الواحد في |
|
|
|
343 |
|
00:28:56,130 --> 00:29:02,610 |
|
يوم هذك تكلفة الإضافيةللبوت لأي بوت بدى يعدي جديد |
|
|
|
344 |
|
00:29:02,610 --> 00:29:07,650 |
|
equals 22 so the marginal coast curve should be |
|
|
|
345 |
|
00:29:07,650 --> 00:29:18,870 |
|
horizontal line تمام طيب السؤال where |
|
|
|
346 |
|
00:29:18,870 --> 00:29:22,490 |
|
is |
|
|
|
347 |
|
00:29:22,490 --> 00:29:26,010 |
|
the optimal point for the officials here the |
|
|
|
348 |
|
00:29:26,010 --> 00:29:31,030 |
|
private sectorThe optimum point for the fishers |
|
|
|
349 |
|
00:29:31,030 --> 00:29:34,690 |
|
and where is the optimum point for the social for |
|
|
|
350 |
|
00:29:34,690 --> 00:29:38,890 |
|
the community؟لأ |
|
|
|
351 |
|
00:29:38,890 --> 00:29:47,570 |
|
Interception اللي cross Marginal cost لما ال |
|
|
|
352 |
|
00:29:47,570 --> 00:29:50,070 |
|
marginal cost it crosses the marginal private |
|
|
|
353 |
|
00:29:50,070 --> 00:29:53,150 |
|
benefits هدا كويس للfishers لل private sector |
|
|
|
354 |
|
00:29:53,150 --> 00:29:59,190 |
|
optimum point لمين؟للصيدين ل private sector بس لل |
|
|
|
355 |
|
00:29:59,190 --> 00:30:02,410 |
|
community إذا .. إذا قلنا هيك هان at this point |
|
|
|
356 |
|
00:30:02,410 --> 00:30:05,930 |
|
here it's |
|
|
|
357 |
|
00:30:05,930 --> 00:30:13,430 |
|
.. or this point E achieves the equilibrium point |
|
|
|
358 |
|
00:30:13,430 --> 00:30:16,450 |
|
or the optimum point for the pressures for the |
|
|
|
359 |
|
00:30:16,450 --> 00:30:21,070 |
|
private sectorصح؟ لأنه الـ Marginal Private |
|
|
|
360 |
|
00:30:21,070 --> 00:30:24,410 |
|
Benefits at E here Marginal Private Benefits |
|
|
|
361 |
|
00:30:24,410 --> 00:30:31,090 |
|
equals the Marginal Cost اللي |
|
|
|
362 |
|
00:30:31,090 --> 00:30:35,130 |
|
كويس بالنسبة لل .. لل .. لل private sector بيقولك |
|
|
|
363 |
|
00:30:35,130 --> 00:30:40,390 |
|
أن احنا اندخل تمام تلاف قارب للصين أن |
|
|
|
364 |
|
00:30:40,390 --> 00:30:43,290 |
|
تمام تلاف boat منيح لل private sector بيقولك هو |
|
|
|
365 |
|
00:30:43,290 --> 00:30:47,720 |
|
عدي انت روح الصين تمام؟حسابات الحكومة الـ |
|
|
|
366 |
|
00:30:47,720 --> 00:30:52,720 |
|
Government بتختلف Related مع مين؟ مع الـ Social |
|
|
|
367 |
|
00:30:52,720 --> 00:30:58,080 |
|
Benefits و الـ Social Cost صح؟ هذا الـ optimum |
|
|
|
368 |
|
00:30:58,080 --> 00:31:02,140 |
|
point لـ ال public أو لل common resources أو لل .. |
|
|
|
369 |
|
00:31:02,140 --> 00:31:06,180 |
|
يعني لل community لما يكون Marginal Social |
|
|
|
370 |
|
00:31:06,180 --> 00:31:10,900 |
|
Benefits equals Marginal Cost اللي هي أصلا هنا |
|
|
|
371 |
|
00:31:10,900 --> 00:31:16,490 |
|
Marginal Social Cost و لا Marginal Private Costصح؟ |
|
|
|
372 |
|
00:31:16,490 --> 00:31:20,070 |
|
إذا تذكروا كنا بنفترض في ال externalities إنه إذا |
|
|
|
373 |
|
00:31:20,070 --> 00:31:24,090 |
|
كان في عندي أنا خطين لدمان واحد supply هذا بيفترض |
|
|
|
374 |
|
00:31:24,090 --> 00:31:28,170 |
|
إنه هذا marginal cost هو marginal social cost and |
|
|
|
375 |
|
00:31:28,170 --> 00:31:35,210 |
|
marginal private cost بعمل عليه analysis تمام؟ طيب |
|
|
|
376 |
|
00:31:35,210 --> 00:31:39,670 |
|
إذا لل government لل social لل community which is |
|
|
|
377 |
|
00:31:39,670 --> 00:31:46,780 |
|
better؟يدخل four boats for fishing or a thousand |
|
|
|
378 |
|
00:31:46,780 --> 00:31:51,920 |
|
boats four تمام |
|
|
|
379 |
|
00:31:51,920 --> 00:31:58,220 |
|
عشان الموضوع ال social optimal عشان الموضوع الحافظ |
|
|
|
380 |
|
00:31:58,220 --> 00:32:04,940 |
|
على ال strokes of fish in the ocean اذا لو انترك |
|
|
|
381 |
|
00:32:04,940 --> 00:32:11,290 |
|
الموضوع هيكواحنا ال private sector يدخل 8000 boats |
|
|
|
382 |
|
00:32:11,290 --> 00:32:16,730 |
|
for fishing ال government should intervene to |
|
|
|
383 |
|
00:32:16,730 --> 00:32:19,250 |
|
control .. to decrease the number of boats that go |
|
|
|
384 |
|
00:32:19,250 --> 00:32:24,490 |
|
for fishing at 4000 boats يعني which is the social |
|
|
|
385 |
|
00:32:24,490 --> 00:32:28,170 |
|
optimal طب كيف تعمل ال government intervention |
|
|
|
386 |
|
00:32:28,170 --> 00:32:33,290 |
|
إنها تخلي ال |
|
|
|
387 |
|
00:32:33,290 --> 00:32:39,570 |
|
boats 4000؟ this is the major questionعالي الـ |
|
|
|
388 |
|
00:32:39,570 --> 00:32:45,210 |
|
Marginal Cost صح خلّي ال Marginal Cost يطلع هيك |
|
|
|
389 |
|
00:32:45,210 --> 00:32:52,990 |
|
خلّصنا خلّي ال Marginal Cost بدل ما هو 22 خلّي ال |
|
|
|
390 |
|
00:32:52,990 --> 00:33:05,430 |
|
Marginal Cost 77 هذا Marginal Cost جديد اتحرك |
|
|
|
391 |
|
00:33:05,430 --> 00:33:10,330 |
|
فيناmarginal social بيرفع اسمه marginal social |
|
|
|
392 |
|
00:33:10,330 --> 00:33:16,610 |
|
cost خلّي هيك |
|
|
|
393 |
|
00:33:16,610 --> 00:33:20,670 |
|
اه |
|
|
|
394 |
|
00:33:20,670 --> 00:33:23,590 |
|
بره منطقة نقطة جديدة بس زود ال marginal cost على |
|
|
|
395 |
|
00:33:23,590 --> 00:33:27,870 |
|
طول بجل عدد ال boards اللي بتعدي و هذا لأ حط عليه |
|
|
|
396 |
|
00:33:27,870 --> 00:33:34,100 |
|
توشيب فيه احط عليه feesتمام؟ في أما four tools و |
|
|
|
397 |
|
00:33:34,100 --> 00:33:36,180 |
|
four solutions that the government or tools the |
|
|
|
398 |
|
00:33:36,180 --> 00:33:39,620 |
|
government can control or internalize the |
|
|
|
399 |
|
00:33:39,620 --> 00:33:42,160 |
|
externality here هنشوف نعمل quick presentation |
|
|
|
400 |
|
00:33:42,160 --> 00:33:49,740 |
|
اليوم إيش اسمه individual transfer |
|
|
|
401 |
|
00:33:49,740 --> 00:33:50,780 |
|
بال quota؟ |
|
|
|
402 |
|
00:33:55,220 --> 00:33:58,240 |
|
Individual Transferable Quota هي الـ Efficient Use |
|
|
|
403 |
|
00:33:58,240 --> 00:34:04,500 |
|
شايفين بالغراف الـ Efficient Use تمام هى ال |
|
|
|
404 |
|
00:34:04,500 --> 00:34:13,700 |
|
Efficient Use شباب هذا |
|
|
|
405 |
|
00:34:13,700 --> 00:34:15,760 |
|
الشرح اللى شرحناه اللى هو الـ Marginal Private |
|
|
|
406 |
|
00:34:15,760 --> 00:34:19,660 |
|
Benefits و Marginal .. طبعا هنا بقولنا اللى |
|
|
|
407 |
|
00:34:19,660 --> 00:34:23,930 |
|
Marginal Private Benefitsmarginal private benefits |
|
|
|
408 |
|
00:34:23,930 --> 00:34:29,990 |
|
is the average |
|
|
|
409 |
|
00:34:29,990 --> 00:34:35,410 |
|
catch per vote |
|
|
|
410 |
|
00:34:52,260 --> 00:34:55,940 |
|
شوفون ال graph هنا، here in this graph as you see |
|
|
|
411 |
|
00:34:55,940 --> 00:34:58,980 |
|
this is the optimal point for the private sector |
|
|
|
412 |
|
00:34:58,980 --> 00:35:05,660 |
|
this is the marginal cost per boat أي قارب جديد |
|
|
|
413 |
|
00:35:05,660 --> 00:35:11,480 |
|
على marginal cost لأنه وهذا ال catch فيه boat as |
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|
|
414 |
|
00:35:11,480 --> 00:35:15,860 |
|
the number of boats increases ال catch فيه boat رح |
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|
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415 |
|
00:35:15,860 --> 00:35:19,780 |
|
يقل بيصير فيه decreasing لأنه ال share تبعه صح ولا |
|
|
|
416 |
|
00:35:19,780 --> 00:35:26,710 |
|
لأ؟وهذا overfishing equilibrium overfishing |
|
|
|
417 |
|
00:35:26,710 --> 00:35:30,670 |
|
equilibrium marginal private benefits equals the |
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|
|
418 |
|
00:35:30,670 --> 00:35:37,390 |
|
marginal private cost هان overfishing وهنا بادي |
|
|
|
419 |
|
00:35:37,390 --> 00:35:41,450 |
|
المشاكل أصلا عشان اتحله راح نشوف فال gate شو اللي |
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|
|
420 |
|
00:35:41,450 --> 00:35:41,850 |
|
بدى يصير |
|
|
|
421 |
|
00:35:54,330 --> 00:35:57,690 |
|
نشوف هنا الـ efficient use of common .. or the |
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|
|
422 |
|
00:35:57,690 --> 00:36:02,050 |
|
common resources it is the use of resources that |
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|
|
423 |
|
00:36:02,050 --> 00:36:05,910 |
|
maximizes its sustainable value the value of |
|
|
|
424 |
|
00:36:05,910 --> 00:36:09,310 |
|
resources is maximized when the marginal cost |
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|
|
425 |
|
00:36:09,310 --> 00:36:12,390 |
|
using its equal the marginal social benefits هذا |
|
|
|
426 |
|
00:36:12,390 --> 00:36:16,150 |
|
اللي قلناه انه ال efficiency .. social efficiency |
|
|
|
427 |
|
00:36:16,150 --> 00:36:19,630 |
|
بيصير لما marginal social benefits equal the |
|
|
|
428 |
|
00:36:19,630 --> 00:36:24,380 |
|
marginal social costبس هاي ال analysis هيك بجود |
|
|
|
429 |
|
00:36:24,380 --> 00:36:27,720 |
|
طبعا ال margin ال social benefits هي ماعطينيها |
|
|
|
430 |
|
00:36:27,720 --> 00:36:33,820 |
|
بالان efficient |
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|
|
431 |
|
00:36:33,820 --> 00:36:47,080 |
|
use هاي |
|
|
|
432 |
|
00:36:47,080 --> 00:36:50,920 |
|
ال tools المستخدمة quota |
|
|
|
433 |
|
00:36:54,810 --> 00:36:59,550 |
|
فى حصص كل قارب بدى يعدي فى لك حصة مفروض تصيد فيها |
|
|
|
434 |
|
00:36:59,550 --> 00:37:05,730 |
|
لجد فى لك time بتيجي ممكن two days a week هاي ال |
|
|
|
435 |
|
00:37:05,730 --> 00:37:09,910 |
|
share تبعك بتيجي two days a week معاك permission |
|
|
|
436 |
|
00:37:09,910 --> 00:37:14,790 |
|
معاك تصريح بتيجي two days a week one day a week |
|
|
|
437 |
|
00:37:14,790 --> 00:37:20,710 |
|
بتيجي بتعمل fishing زى ما بدك تمام فى إيش اسمه |
|
|
|
438 |
|
00:37:20,710 --> 00:37:22,270 |
|
هطلع لها ال efficient equilibrium |
|
|
|
439 |
|
00:37:26,940 --> 00:37:36,520 |
|
اشتغل vertical هنا بال quota او بيشتغل |
|
|
|
440 |
|
00:37:36,520 --> 00:37:41,500 |
|
increasing في ال marginal cost زود |
|
|
|
441 |
|
00:37:41,500 --> 00:37:46,500 |
|
ال marginal cost عليه ببطل حد يروح يصيد بظبط ولا |
|
|
|
442 |
|
00:37:46,500 --> 00:37:53,300 |
|
لأ sure of something else then هنا ال efficient |
|
|
|
443 |
|
00:37:53,300 --> 00:37:59,060 |
|
equilibriumهذا ال market او عندنا ايش اسمه |
|
|
|
444 |
|
00:37:59,060 --> 00:38:07,940 |
|
individual transferable quota انت معاك تصريح تسيد |
|
|
|
445 |
|
00:38:07,940 --> 00:38:13,260 |
|
two days a week بفرض حدث ال permission بتقدر تبيعه |
|
|
|
446 |
|
00:38:13,260 --> 00:38:18,820 |
|
لأي حد تانيبقدر انا ابيعه لتوفيق بقدر ابيعه لأحمد |
|
|
|
447 |
|
00:38:18,820 --> 00:38:23,480 |
|
و خلاص transferable يعني انا ببيعه لأي حد تاني و |
|
|
|
448 |
|
00:38:23,480 --> 00:38:27,040 |
|
خلاص حصتي انا بتتنقل ما بين .. زي .. زي .. زي .. |
|
|
|
449 |
|
00:38:27,040 --> 00:38:31,800 |
|
زي الأسهم بالظبط تمام؟ فببطل يعني في صح فينا |
|
|
|
450 |
|
00:38:31,800 --> 00:38:35,660 |
|
restrictions على موضوع ال fishing in the ocean |
|
|
|
451 |
|
00:38:35,660 --> 00:38:41,940 |
|
طبعا هنا how to get efficient solutions privatize |
|
|
|
452 |
|
00:38:41,940 --> 00:38:46,900 |
|
fisheryطبعا هل هذا يعني effective or ineffective, |
|
|
|
453 |
|
00:38:47,200 --> 00:38:51,540 |
|
often hard to do, not popular with many؟ تعمل |
|
|
|
454 |
|
00:38:51,540 --> 00:38:55,620 |
|
privatization لموضوع ال fishing؟ ماعرفش حد |
|
|
|
455 |
|
00:38:55,620 --> 00:38:58,800 |
|
بيستوعبه، يعني هذا واحد من ال tools اللي ممكن |
|
|
|
456 |
|
00:38:58,800 --> 00:39:03,120 |
|
تستخدمها انت، تعمل privatization لموضوع، سلمه ل |
|
|
|
457 |
|
00:39:03,120 --> 00:39:06,360 |
|
company، private sector، ان يديروا، يعملوا |
|
|
|
458 |
|
00:39:06,360 --> 00:39:13,210 |
|
managementImpose tax on efforts حط تاكسي قال هذا |
|
|
|
459 |
|
00:39:13,210 --> 00:39:16,790 |
|
effective or ineffective فيه low يعني high raise |
|
|
|
460 |
|
00:39:16,790 --> 00:39:19,510 |
|
real cost of fishing وهذا اللي قولنا increasing |
|
|
|
461 |
|
00:39:19,510 --> 00:39:24,190 |
|
فيه ال marginal cost طبعا هذا common but not |
|
|
|
462 |
|
00:39:24,190 --> 00:39:31,010 |
|
efficient برضه مجربينه بقولك inefficient حط اشي |
|
|
|
463 |
|
00:39:31,010 --> 00:39:35,350 |
|
تاني طبعا gear restrictions حط قيود على ال .. |
|
|
|
464 |
|
00:39:35,350 --> 00:39:40,780 |
|
shorten seasonsخلّي الموسم تبع السيد بدل ما هو تلت |
|
|
|
465 |
|
00:39:40,780 --> 00:39:44,540 |
|
شهر خلّيه شهرين في السنة أو خلّيه one month هذا |
|
|
|
466 |
|
00:39:44,540 --> 00:39:49,940 |
|
اسمه shorten seasons or close certain fisheries |
|
|
|
467 |
|
00:39:49,940 --> 00:39:54,920 |
|
خلّي مناطق مغلقة للسيد وخلاص ما تتسيب الأمور على |
|
|
|
468 |
|
00:39:54,920 --> 00:39:59,860 |
|
ال ocean كله يعني يصعدوا فيه خلّي افتح مناطق و سكر |
|
|
|
469 |
|
00:39:59,860 --> 00:40:02,220 |
|
مناطق يعطيكم العافية |
|
|
|
|