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ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุฃุฑูˆู‰ ุญุถุฑุชู†ุง ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุนู† ุงู„
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genetic basis of antibody structure ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุนุฑูˆู
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ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠ ุนูŠู†ู†ุง different antigenic specificity
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ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุงู„ู€ B lymphocyte ูˆT lymphocyte ุจูŠุตู„ ุนุฏุฏู‡ุง
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ุฅู„ู‰ ุนุดุฑ ู‚ูˆุฉ ู…ู† ุนุดุฑ ู‚ูˆุฉ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุนุดุฑ ู„ุนุดุฑ ู‚ูˆุฉ ุซู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ุนุดุฑ
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ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุนูŠู†ุฏูŠ different B with different
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specificity ูˆ different T ุฃูŠุถุง have different TCR
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ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนุฏุฏ ูˆ these are protein ูŠุนู†ูŠ they are
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genetically coded ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ they need gene for
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their production ุฅู„ุง ุฃู† ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ู„ุง
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ุชุชุฌุงูˆุฒ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ุงู„ู€ individual ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ุง ุชุชุฌุงูˆุฒ ุนุดุฑูŠู†
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ุฃู„ู ู„ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆุนุดุฑูŠู† ุฃู„ู ููƒูŠู ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู‚ู„ูŠู„ ู…ู†
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ุงู„ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ูŠุณุชุทูŠุน ุฃู† ูŠุตู†ุน ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ู‡ูˆู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
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immunoglobulin ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ TCR ุณูˆุณูˆู…ูˆ
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ุชูˆู†ูŠ ุฌุงูˆุฉ ููŠ 1976 ุฃุฎุฏ Nobel Prize ุงูƒุชุดู ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู†
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ุงู„ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ุชุณุชุทูŠุน ุฃู† ุชุชุญุฑูƒ ูˆ ุชุชุตูุท within the genome
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in differentiating B cell and T cell ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฌูŠู†ุงุช
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ุชุณุชุทูŠุน ุฃู† ุชุชุญุฑูƒ ู…ู† ู…ูƒุงู†ู‡ุง ูˆ ุชุชุตูุท ุชุตููŠุชู‡ุง ุชุตููŠุชุงุช
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ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ููŠ ูƒู„ ู…ุฑุฉ
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ุทุจุนุง ู‡ูˆ ุงูƒุชุดู ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ูˆ ุฃุซุจุชูˆุง ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ู€
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southern blotting ุนู…ู„ southern blotting ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ู€
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genes ูู„ุฌุฃู‡ุง ููŠ ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุนู…ุฑ
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ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ููˆุฌุฏ ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠู‡ ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ุจุชุฎุชู„ู ุจูŠุฎุชู„ู ู…ูˆุงู‚ุนู‡ุง
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ุจุงุฎุชู„ุงู ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ maturity of the cell ูƒู…ุงู† ูˆุตู„
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ู„ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ูˆุทู„ุนุช ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุฃู† different V region gene can
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be linked up together with a single constant
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region gene ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ variable
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region ู…ุชุนุฏุฏุฉ
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ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุฑุชุจุท ุจู€ single constant region gene ูˆู‡ุฐุง ูˆุถุน
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ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุฌุฏุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง different IgG the
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same IgG with different specificity the same IgG
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with different specificity ุทุจุนุง
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ุฃุญุณู† prototypical gene coding ูŠุนู†ูŠ for trans
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membrane or non immunoglobulin any ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ูŠุตู†ุน ููŠ
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ุงู„ุฌุณู… ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชุณู„ุณู„ ูƒู„ู†ุง ุจู†ุนุฑู ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠู†ุง DNA ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ู„ู‡
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primary transcript ุซู… maturation messenger RNA ุงู„ู„ู‰
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ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุจูŠู†ุชู‚ู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ translation ูˆููŠ ุงู„ู€ endoplasmic
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reticulum ุจูŠุชุตู†ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ู…ุง ูŠู†ุทุจู‚ ุทุจุนุง ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง
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ู‡ุฐุง ูŠู†ุทุจู‚ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ immunoglobulin ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ TCR ููŠ
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ู…ู‚ุฏู…ุฉ ูƒู„
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DNA sequence ููŠ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ Exon ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€
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five prime end of the DNA ูˆ ู‚ุงู„ ุงุฎุชุตุงุฑ ู„ู€ leader
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sequence ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง code for ten hydrophobic
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amino acids ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุทุจุนุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€ end terminal
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end of the protein ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ู€ leader is to direct the
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synthesis of polypeptide chain ูˆูŠู† ุชูˆุตู„ู‡ุง ู„ู€ ุงู„ู€
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endoplasmic reticulum ูˆ ุจุชูˆุตู„ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุจุชูˆุตู„ู‡ุง cleaved
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off ุชู†ู‚ุทุน ูุจุฏู„ ุงู„ู€ DNA ู„ุญุงู„ู‡ ู‡ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ุง ู‡ูŠู‚ูˆุฏ ุงู„ู€ DNA
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ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ endoplasmic reticulum ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ leader sequence
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ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ู…ู‚ุฏู…ุฉ ุงู„ู€ DNA ุทุจุนุง ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ููŠ ุงู„ู€
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endoplasmic reticulum ูŠุชุตู†ุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ protein
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ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุญูƒูŠ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุซู… ุจูŠุชุญุฑูƒ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌูˆู„ุฌูŠ ุฃุจุงุฑุงุชุณ
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ูŠู†ุชู‚ู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌูˆู„ุฌูŠ ุฃุจุงุฑุงุชุณ ูˆู…ู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุจูŠุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ cell
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membrane ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠุฉ ู„ุชุตู†ูŠุน ุฃูŠ protein
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ุงู„ู€ variable region ูˆ ุงู„ู€ constant region of a new
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globulin are coded by different gene ู…ุฒุงู„ ุงู„ู€
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variable many variable can ูŠุนู†ูŠ bind to one
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constant ุจุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุจู„ ุจุงู„ู…ู†ุงุณุจุฉ ูƒู…ุงู† one constant gene
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ู…ู…ูƒู† different constant gene ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุฑุชุจุทูˆุง ุจู€ one
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variable gene ุฃูˆ gene ูŠุนู†ูŠ many antibody can have
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the same specificity ุทุจุนุง ู…ู† ู…ุนุฑูุชูŠ ู„ู‡ุฐู‡
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ุงู„ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุงุช ุทู„ุนูˆุง ุจู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ variable ูˆ ุงู„ู€
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constant gene ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ Region ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Immunoglobulin
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ูŠุชุนุงู…ู„ ู…ุน ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ูˆู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุงู„ู€ Antibody gene
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00:06:12,850 --> 00:06:17,090
ุจุฅู…ูƒุงู†ู‡ ุชุชุญุฑูƒ ูˆ ุชุชุนุงู…ู„ ุจู†ูุณู‡ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ุฌูŠู†ูˆู… ุชุชุนุงู…ู„
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ุจู†ูุณู‡ ูˆ ุชุชุนุงู…ู„ ุจู†ูุณู‡ ูˆ ุชุชุนุงู…ู„ ุจู†ูุณู‡ ูˆ ุชุชุนุงู…ู„ ุจู†ูุณู‡
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00:06:20,730 --> 00:06:23,650
ูˆ ุชุชุนุงู…ู„ ุจู†ูุณู‡ ูˆ ุชุชุนุงู…ู„ ุจู†ูุณู‡ ูˆ ุชุชุนุงู…ู„ ุจู†ูุณู‡ ูˆ
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00:06:23,650 --> 00:06:23,910
ุชุชุนุงู…ู„ ุจู†ูุณู‡ ูˆ ุชุชุนุงู…ู„ ุจู†ูุณู‡ ูˆ ุชุชุนุงู…ู„ ุจู†ูุณู‡ ูˆ
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00:06:23,910 --> 00:06:24,190
ุชุชุนุงู…ู„ ุจู†ูุณู‡ ูˆ ุชุชุนุงู…ู„ ุจู†ูุณู‡ ูˆ ุชุชุนุงู…ู„ ุจู†ูุณู‡ ูˆ
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00:06:24,190 --> 00:06:26,610
ุชุชุนุงู…ู„ ุจู†ูุณู‡ ูˆ ุชุชุนุงู…ู„ ุจู†ูุณู‡ ูˆ ุชุชุนุงู…ู„ ุจู†ูุณู‡ ูˆ
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ุชุชุนุงู…ู„ ุจู†ูุณู‡ ูˆ ุชุชุนุงู…ู„ ุจู†ูุณู‡ which code for variable
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00:06:32,940 --> 00:06:37,520
and constant region ุจุชุชุตูุท ุงู„ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู†
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00:06:37,520 --> 00:06:42,920
ุชุตู†ูŠุน ุงู„ู€ variable ูˆ ุงู„ู€ constant region ุทุจุนุง ุจุนุฏ
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00:06:42,920 --> 00:06:46,380
ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ุชุตููŠุช ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ transcription ุซู…
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translation ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุจูŠุทู„ุน ุฃู†ู‡ุง heavy and
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00:06:52,020 --> 00:06:56,840
lighted chain of immunoglobulin ูˆ ู‡ูŠ ู…ุง ูŠู†ุทุจู‚ ุนู„ู‰
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00:06:56,840 --> 00:06:59,620
ุงู„ู€ immunoglobulin ูŠู†ุทุจู‚ ุนู„ู‰ TCR
78
00:07:01,700 --> 00:07:05,540
ุทูŠุจ ุดูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุตูŠุฑุŸ ุฎู„ูŠู†ุง ู†ุดูˆู ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ genetic
79
00:07:05,540 --> 00:07:08,640
event in the synthesis of immunoglobulin chain
80
00:07:08,640 --> 00:07:12,300
ูˆ ู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ู€ lighted chain ูƒู„ู†ุง ุจู†ุนุฑู ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ lighted
81
00:07:12,300 --> 00:07:16,040
chain ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ูƒู„ุจุฉ ุฃูˆ ู„ู…ุฏุฉ two types of
82
00:07:16,040 --> 00:07:29,380
lighted chain polypeptide ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ูƒู„
83
00:07:29,380 --> 00:07:34,710
ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู…ู†ู‡ู… ุจุชุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† variable region ูˆ constant
84
00:07:34,710 --> 00:07:38,890
region ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง variable light ูˆ constant
85
00:07:38,890 --> 00:07:48,830
light ุงู„ู€ variable light ุฑูˆุญู‡ุง ุจุชุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† 108 amino
86
00:07:48,830 --> 00:07:57,170
acid or residue ููŠ ุงู„ู€ region and this region
87
00:07:59,370 --> 00:08:03,830
ุงู„ุชุตู†ูŠุน ูŠุชู… ุชุตู†ูŠุนู‡ ุจู€ Two Separate Gene Segments
88
00:08:03,830 --> 00:08:08,990
ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุชุตู†ูŠุนู‡ุง Two Gene Segments ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
89
00:08:08,990 --> 00:08:13,390
Human Genome ุณู…ูˆุง ุงู„ู€ Segments ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ุงู†ูŠุฉ V
90
00:08:13,390 --> 00:08:23,630
Variable ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุชู‚ูˆู… ุจุชุตู†ูŠุน ุงู„ู€ First 95 Anino Acid
91
00:08:23,630 --> 00:08:29,950
Residue ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Joining Segments ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุจุงู‚ูŠ ุชุตู†ูŠุน
92
00:08:29,950 --> 00:08:33,850
ุจุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ amino acids ุชุญุช ุงู„ู€ lighted chain
93
00:08:33,850 --> 00:08:38,930
sequence ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุนุดุฑ residue at the carboxy
94
00:08:38,930 --> 00:08:42,770
terminal end of the variable region ูŠูˆุฌู‡ lighted
95
00:08:42,770 --> 00:08:47,090
chain ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ variable region ููŠ ุงู„ู€
96
00:08:47,090 --> 00:08:50,170
lighted chain ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ุง two gene segment ู‡ู…
97
00:08:50,170 --> 00:08:54,910
ุงู„ู€ V ุงู„ู€ variable ูŠุนู†ูŠ segment ูˆ ุงู„ู€ L segment ุงู„ู„ูŠ
98
00:08:54,910 --> 00:09:00,080
ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ J segment ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ joining ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ code for
99
00:09:00,080 --> 00:09:08,340
95 amino acid residues ูˆูˆุงุญุฏุฉ code for 13 amino
100
00:09:08,340 --> 00:09:14,700
acid residues ุชู†ูŠู† ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนู‡ู… 108 ุงู„ู€ one
101
00:09:14,700 --> 00:09:22,520
variable gene and one J ูŠุนู†ูŠ joining ุฌูŠู† ูŠุฑุชุจุทูˆุง
102
00:09:22,520 --> 00:09:26,520
ู…ุน ุจุนุถ are brought together ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ุฌู†ูˆู… ุงู„ุจุดุฑู‰
103
00:09:26,520 --> 00:09:32,120
ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู‡ุฏูุŸ ุจูŠุดูƒู„ู‡ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุจู†ุงุก ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุจู†ุงุก ู„ู€ one
104
00:09:32,120 --> 00:09:35,880
amino acid ุงู„ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจุฑุชุจุทูˆุง ุจุงู„ู€ constant
105
00:09:35,880 --> 00:09:41,080
region gene ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุง DNA ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู†
106
00:09:41,080 --> 00:09:46,820
ุชุตู†ูŠุน ุงู„ู€ lighted chain ูƒุงู…ู„ุฉ 2 variable ูˆุงุญุฏ
107
00:09:46,820 --> 00:09:51,840
constant ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ูƒู„ ุงู„ู€ lighted chain is coded by
108
00:09:51,840 --> 00:09:56,880
this sequence ู‡ุฐุง ู…ูŠูƒุงู†ูŠุฒู… ุงู„ูˆุญูˆุด ุงู„ูˆุญุด ุงู„ูˆุญุด ุงู„ูˆุญุด
109
00:09:56,880 --> 00:10:04,400
ุงู„ูˆุญุด ุงู„ูˆุญุด ุงู„ูˆุญุด ุงู„ูˆุญุด
110
00:10:04,400 --> 00:10:10,080
ุงู„ูˆุญุด
111
00:10:10,080 --> 00:10:17,280
ุงู„ูˆุญุด
112
00:10:17,280 --> 00:10:19,060
ุงู„ูˆุญุด ุงู„ูˆุญุด ุงู„ูˆุญุด ุงู„ูˆุญุด ุงู„ูˆุญุด ุงู„ูˆุญุด ุงู„ูˆุญุด ุงู„ูˆุญุด
113
00:10:19,060 --> 00:10:21,230
ุงู„ูˆุญุด ุงู„ูˆุญุด ุงู„ูˆุญุด ุงู„ูˆุญุด ุงู„ูˆุญุด ุทุจ ุดูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฌู…ุน ู‡ุฐู‡
114
00:10:21,230 --> 00:10:24,770
ุงู„ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ู…ุน ุจุนุถุŸ ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง ููŠ ุฅู†ุฒูŠู… ุงุณู…ู‡ VDJ
115
00:10:24,770 --> 00:10:29,990
-recombinase enzyme ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ rearrangement ู„ู€
116
00:10:29,990 --> 00:10:34,250
ุงู„ู€ receptor gene in both B and T cell
117
00:10:40,000 --> 00:10:44,040
ุฌูŠู†ูŠู† two types of recombinase ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ human
118
00:10:44,040 --> 00:10:50,180
genome ุฃูˆ ุจูŠ ุณู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… RAG ูˆุงุญุฏ ูˆ RAG ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุจูŠ ุณู„
119
00:10:50,180 --> 00:10:54,040
ูˆ ุชูŠ ุณู„ ุทุจุนุง ู…ุง ูŠู†ุทุจู‚ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ ุจูŠ ูŠู†ุทุจู‚ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ ุชูŠ
120
00:10:54,040 --> 00:10:57,800
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… RAG ูˆุงุญุฏ ูˆ RAG ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ two
121
00:10:57,800 --> 00:11:03,000
recombinase enzyme RAG ูˆุงุญุฏ ูˆ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ู…
122
00:11:03,000 --> 00:11:09,640
recombination activating gene ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุณุคูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู†
123
00:11:09,640 --> 00:11:17,980
ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ recombination of these segments
124
00:11:17,980 --> 00:11:23,200
ุงู„ุงุชู†ูŠู†
125
00:11:23,200 --> 00:11:33,500
RAG ูˆุงุญุฏ RAG ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุทุจุนุง ุจูŠุตู†ุนูˆู„ูŠ protein which is
126
00:11:33,500 --> 00:11:35,460
required for the first stage of cutting
127
00:11:36,770 --> 00:11:41,390
immunoglobulin and TCR DNA ู‡ู… ุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ุชุตู†ูŠุน ุงู„
128
00:11:41,390 --> 00:11:46,230
DNA
129
00:11:46,230 --> 00:11:50,630
ูˆุชุฌู…ูŠุนู‡ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠุฏูŠู†ุง ุงู„ protein ููŠ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ
130
00:11:50,630 --> 00:11:57,410
ูˆูˆุฌุฏูˆุง ุฃู† ุงู„ mice lacking rag gene ูŠุณู…ูˆู†ู‡ rag
131
00:11:57,410 --> 00:12:03,070
knockout mice ู„ุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุจูŠุณู„ ูˆู„ุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุชูŠุณู„
132
00:12:04,240 --> 00:12:11,700
ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู‡ู…ุง ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏู‹ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€ B ูˆ T-Lymphocyte
133
00:12:11,700 --> 00:12:16,420
.ุนุฑูู†ุง
134
00:12:16,420 --> 00:12:22,040
ุฅู† ุงู„ู€ VDJ Recombinase ุฅู†ุฒุงูŠู… ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€ B ูˆ T
135
00:12:22,040 --> 00:12:26,840
-cell ูˆูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ู… ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณูŠุฉ is repairing of DNA
136
00:12:26,840 --> 00:12:34,960
strands ูˆู‡ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูู‚ุท ููŠ ุงู„ู€ B ูˆ ุงู„ู€ T ู„ูŠู†ููˆุณุงูŠุชุณ
137
00:12:34,960 --> 00:12:39,100
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูˆุฏุฏูˆู‡ู… ูู‚ุท ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ูˆูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€ B ูˆ ุงู„ู€ T
138
00:12:39,100 --> 00:12:45,820
ู„ูŠู†ููˆุณุงูŠุชุณ ุทูŠุจ ู†ุทุจู‚ ุงุญู†ุง ุดูู†ุง ุงู„ lighted chain
139
00:12:45,820 --> 00:12:55,400
ู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ูƒุงุจุง ุฌุงูŠุจ ูƒุงุจุง ุงู„ุฌูŠู† ุชุจุนู‡ุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ูƒุฑูˆู…ุฒูˆู…
140
00:12:55,400 --> 00:13:02,290
2 ูƒุงุจุง ู„ูˆูƒุงุณูˆุงู„ู€ Rearrangement ู„ู„ู€ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€
141
00:13:02,290 --> 00:13:07,070
Arrangement ู„ู„ูƒุงุจุง gene in the germ line is as
142
00:13:07,070 --> 00:13:12,310
follows ูˆู‡ุฏูˆุง ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠู‡ ุฃุฑุจุนูŠู† different gene
143
00:13:12,310 --> 00:13:18,970
ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ุชุตู†ูŠุน ุงู„ variable ูƒุงุจุง gene ุงุญู†ุง ููŠ
144
00:13:18,970 --> 00:13:26,170
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง V ูˆJ ุฃุฑุจุนูŠู† ูู‚ุทู„ู„ู€ variable region ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู…
145
00:13:26,170 --> 00:13:31,130
coding for core ุงู„ first ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆุชุณุนูŠู† amino acids
146
00:13:31,130 --> 00:13:37,610
ููŠ ุงู„ูƒุงุจุง variable region ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุจูŠุณุจู‚ู‡ู… ู‚ุทุนุฉ
147
00:13:37,610 --> 00:13:44,050
ุงู„ leader sequence ู…ุงุดูŠ ูˆ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ูˆ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ leader
148
00:13:44,050 --> 00:13:48,810
sequence ููŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูˆู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ separated by intron
149
00:13:51,950 --> 00:13:56,390
ุทุจุนุง ููŠ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ leader
150
00:13:56,390 --> 00:14:03,230
ู…ุญุฐูˆูุฉ just for simplicity ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
151
00:14:03,230 --> 00:14:07,190
ุจุชุจูŠู† ู„ูŠ ูƒูŠู ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุตูŠุฑ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ variable ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุงู‡ุง ููŠ
152
00:14:07,190 --> 00:14:14,830
ุฃุฑุจุนูŠู† ู‡ูŠ V1 V2 V3 ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ VN ู‚ุฏุด ุนุฏุฏู‡ู… ุฃุฑุจุนูŠู† ุซู… ููŠ
153
00:14:14,830 --> 00:14:19,910
ุฎู…ุณุฉ gene ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ูŠู† ุฃูˆ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ joining region
154
00:14:20,350 --> 00:14:25,070
ุฃูŠ ู…ู† ูˆุงุญุฏ ู„ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูƒู„
155
00:14:25,070 --> 00:14:31,710
ู‡ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ุชุตู†ูŠุน ุงู„ VL ุฃูˆ ุงู„ V Kappa ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„
156
00:14:31,710 --> 00:14:35,630
ู‡ุฐุง ุนู† Kappa ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุจูŠุฑุชุจุทูˆุง ุจู†ูŠู† ุจุงู„ constant
157
00:14:35,630 --> 00:14:41,450
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ ุงู„ ุงู„ gene ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู†
158
00:14:41,450 --> 00:14:46,290
constant region of Kappa lighted chain ูุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ
159
00:14:46,290 --> 00:14:52,770
ุนู†ุฏูŠ variable genesูˆjoining gene ูˆ one constant
160
00:14:52,770 --> 00:14:58,510
gene ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู…ูŠู† ุจูŠุตูŠุฑุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ germ line they
161
00:14:58,510 --> 00:15:02,490
are usually unrearranged ู„ูƒู† during
162
00:15:02,490 --> 00:15:10,530
differentiation ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ู„ู‡ู… rearrangement ูŠุนู†ูŠ during
163
00:15:10,530 --> 00:15:15,050
maturation of B lymphocyte ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ rearrangement
164
00:15:15,050 --> 00:15:20,740
ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฌูŠู†ุงุชูุจุฌูŠู†ุง ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุฌูŠู†ุงุช V1 V2 ู…ู† ุงู„
165
00:15:20,740 --> 00:15:24,860
segment ู‡ุฐูŠ ูˆุฌูŠ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ูˆุฌูŠ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ segment ุจุชุงุนุฉ
166
00:15:24,860 --> 00:15:28,940
ุงู„ุฌูŠ ุจุฑุถู‡ ุจูŠุถู„ูˆุง ู…ุฑุชุจุทูŠู† ู…ุน one constant gene of
167
00:15:28,940 --> 00:15:33,460
each of kappa ุทุจุนุง ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒุฉ ุจุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู…
168
00:15:33,460 --> 00:15:39,060
transcription ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ุฐูŠ ุจุชุชุตูุท ุงู„ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ุตูุทุช ูˆุงุชุตููŠุช
169
00:15:39,060 --> 00:15:44,280
ุนุดูˆุงุฆูŠ ุจุงู„ู…ู†ุงุณุจุฉ ููƒู„ ู…ุฑุฉ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉุจุณุจุจ
170
00:15:44,280 --> 00:15:47,520
ุงู„ู€ Transcription ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ู‡ ุงู„ู€ Primary RNA
171
00:15:47,520 --> 00:15:51,500
Transcript ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ูŠุธู„ one variable gene ูˆ ุงุซู†ูŠู†
172
00:15:51,500 --> 00:15:56,820
joining ู…ุน constant ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ RNA ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
173
00:15:56,820 --> 00:16:01,540
Primary RNA which is a crude RNA ุจุณ ู„ู‡ splicing
174
00:16:01,540 --> 00:16:06,440
ูุจูŠุธู„ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง one variable one joining ู…ุน one
175
00:16:06,440 --> 00:16:11,680
constant gene ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ ุงู„ mature messenger RNA
176
00:16:13,030 --> 00:16:16,570
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ุณู„ูˆ ุชุฑุงู†ุณู„ูŠุดู† ููŠ ุงู„ุงู†ุฏูˆุจู„ุงุฒู…ูŠูƒ
177
00:16:16,570 --> 00:16:20,990
ุฑุงุชูŠูƒูˆู„ุงู… ูˆ ุจูŠุตู†ุน ู„ูŠู‡ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุชูƒูˆู† ู‡ูŠู‡ ู…ู†
178
00:16:20,990 --> 00:16:27,430
ุฌุฒุก variable ูƒุงุจุง ูˆ ุฌุฒุก constant ูƒุงุจุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
179
00:16:27,430 --> 00:16:34,770
polypeptide chain of ูƒุงุจุง lighted chain ูˆู‡ุฐุง
180
00:16:34,770 --> 00:16:36,590
ุงู„ุชุณู„ุณู„ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ู„ุชุตู†ูŠุน
181
00:16:39,790 --> 00:16:44,030
ุทุจุนุงู‹ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ุฎู„ุงุต ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€ J
182
00:16:44,030 --> 00:16:47,670
segment ูˆูƒู„
183
00:16:47,670 --> 00:16:55,750
ุฌูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ J segment code for ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุนุดุฑ amino acid
184
00:16:55,750 --> 00:17:04,210
residue ู…ู† ุงู„ 96 ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ 108 ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ Variable
185
00:17:04,210 --> 00:17:08,410
Region ุจุนุฏ
186
00:17:08,410 --> 00:17:13,990
ุฐู„ูƒ ูŠุฃุชูŠ ุงู„ู€ Constant ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ูŠุฑุชุจุท ุจุงู„ู€
187
00:17:13,990 --> 00:17:18,410
Constant Gene Segment ู„ุชุตู…ูŠู…
188
00:17:18,410 --> 00:17:26,730
ุงู„ู€ JK Gene Segment ุฃุฎูŠุฑู‹ุง
189
00:17:26,730 --> 00:17:34,910
ู„ุชุตู…ูŠู… ุงู„ูƒุงุจุง ุชุดูŠู† ู„ุฃู†ู‚ู„ ุณู„ ุจุณู„ ู„ูŠู†ุฌุจุชุนู…ู„ selection
190
00:17:34,910 --> 00:17:44,710
ู„ู€ one variable ูƒุงุจุง gene from its DNA ูˆู‡ุฐุง ูŠุฑุชุจุท
191
00:17:44,710 --> 00:17:52,710
physically ุจู€ one ุฌูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ J ูƒุงุจุง segment ูˆุจุตูŠุฑ
192
00:17:52,710 --> 00:17:57,290
ููŠ rearrangement ู„ู„ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุดูู†ุง ููŠ figure 6
193
00:17:57,290 --> 00:18:03,950
.2 ุฅูŠุฌุง V2 ู…ุน J4 ูˆุจุฏุฃ ูŠุดุชุบู„ ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู…ู„ ู‡ุฐู‡
194
00:18:03,950 --> 00:18:10,530
ุงู„ุชุตููŠุทุฉ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชุฌู…ูŠุนุฉ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ VDJ Recombines Enzyme ูˆ
195
00:18:10,530 --> 00:18:15,770
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ Joining it usually recognizes
196
00:18:15,770 --> 00:18:22,850
recombination sequence ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุทุจุนุง which is located
197
00:18:22,850 --> 00:18:28,550
in the variable and J gene segment ูƒู…ุง ุดูู†ุง ุจุงู„ุธุจุท
198
00:18:28,550 --> 00:18:30,650
ููŠ ุงู„ููŠุฌุฑ ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚
199
00:18:33,570 --> 00:18:39,670
ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู† ุงุซู†ูŠู† ูŠุชุญุฑูƒูˆุง ูˆูŠุชุฌู…ุนูˆุง ุฌู†ุจ ุจุนุถ
200
00:18:39,670 --> 00:18:44,830
ูˆูŠุชุตูุทูˆุง ุฌู†ุจ ุจุนุถ ุจุชุชู… ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ looping
201
00:18:44,830 --> 00:18:50,030
of DNA ูƒุฐุง ุจุชุชู… ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ looping ุฌู†ุจ ุงู„ DNA ุจูŠู„ู
202
00:18:50,030 --> 00:18:57,030
ุญูˆู„ูŠู† ู†ูุณู‡ ู…ุงุดูŠ ูˆ ุจูŠู„ู ุจ system ู…ุนูŠู† ุฃู…ุง ุจ one
203
00:18:57,030 --> 00:19:03,690
turn ู„ูุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุฃูˆ ู„ูุชูŠู† ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ู…ุง ูŠุตู„ู‚ุงุด ู„ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจ ุงู„ู€
204
00:19:03,690 --> 00:19:10,430
V2 ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ J4 ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ูŠูˆุฌุฏ Restriction enzyme ูŠู‚ุทุน
205
00:19:10,430 --> 00:19:17,010
ุงู„ loop ูˆ ูŠุฏู„ู„ ุงู„ gene ุชุจุน V2 ู…ุน J4 ู…ุฑุชุจุท ู…ุน ุงู„ู€
206
00:19:17,010 --> 00:19:28,440
J4 ูˆู‡ูŠ V1 V2 J4 J5 ูˆุงู„ุจุงู‚ูŠุฉ ูƒู„ู‡ุง ู…ู‚ุทุนุฉ ู‚ุฑุงุกุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰
207
00:19:28,440 --> 00:19:32,460
ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชุตููŠุท ุงู„ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ูˆุชุฌู…ูŠุน ุญุฌู… ุจุนูŠุฏ ุจุชุชู… ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„
208
00:19:32,460 --> 00:19:38,460
restriction enzyme ู…ุงุดูŠ ุฃูˆู„ุงู‹ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ looping ู„ู„ loop
209
00:19:38,460 --> 00:19:44,540
formation by making either one turn or two turn
210
00:19:45,060 --> 00:19:50,240
ุทุจุนุงู‹ ู„ูุฉ ุฃูˆ ู„ูุชูŠู† ู„ู„ DNA ูˆุทุจุนุง ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุงู„
211
00:19:50,240 --> 00:19:54,100
restriction enzyme ุจูŠู‚ุทุน ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ loop ูˆ ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุจุนุฏ
212
00:19:54,100 --> 00:20:02,980
ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ recombinase enzyme ุจูŠุฌู…ุน ุงู„ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ุฌู†ุจ ุนูŠุฏ ู‡ูŠ
213
00:20:02,980 --> 00:20:07,120
ุจุงู„ุธุจุท ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุดุฑุญู†ุง ุงู„ intervening DNA is looped ููŠ
214
00:20:07,120 --> 00:20:12,940
slow looping ุซู… cut out and broken down ุจู†ู‚ุทุฉ ูˆ
215
00:20:12,940 --> 00:20:14,600
after rearrangement
216
00:20:16,800 --> 00:20:21,260
ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ Primary RNA Transcript ุนุงุฏูŠ ู…ุซู„ุง ุงู„ู€
217
00:20:21,260 --> 00:20:27,860
Slicing ูˆ ุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู†ุง V Kappa ูˆ J Kappa ูˆ C
218
00:20:27,860 --> 00:20:31,900
Kappa ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุดูู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ figure ููŠ ุงู„ mature
219
00:20:31,900 --> 00:20:35,190
messenger RNA ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ endoplasmic
220
00:20:35,190 --> 00:20:41,550
reticulum ุจุณ ุชุตู„ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ู€ L ุงู„ู€ leader sequence is
221
00:20:41,550 --> 00:20:46,410
cleaved off ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุณู†ุฌุฑ ู†ูŠุจุณู„ู‡ translation
222
00:20:46,410 --> 00:20:53,450
into ูƒุงุจุง ุจูˆู„ูŠุจูŠุจุชุงูŠุฏ chain ู‡ู„ุงู„ ูƒุงุจุง chain
223
00:20:53,450 --> 00:20:57,450
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุชูƒูˆู†ุช ุจุชู†ุชู‚ู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ Lumen of Endoplasmic
224
00:20:57,450 --> 00:21:00,990
reticulum ูˆ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ already heavy chain
225
00:21:00,990 --> 00:21:05,530
ุงุชุตู†ุนุช ูุจุชุชุจุท ููŠู‡ุง ูˆ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุงู„ immunoglobulin
226
00:21:05,530 --> 00:21:11,130
ูƒุงู…ู„ ู…ุง ูŠู†ุทุจู‚ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ light chain ูŠู†ุทุจู‚ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
227
00:21:11,130 --> 00:21:17,810
heavy chain ู„ูƒู† ููŠู‡ ู…ุชุบูŠุฑูŠู† ู…ุชุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ุงู†ูŠ ุฃูŠ
228
00:21:17,810 --> 00:21:22,410
ุงู„ููŠุฌุฑ ูƒุงู…ู„ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ variable region ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุดุบูˆู„
229
00:21:22,410 --> 00:21:27,990
ุนู† ุชุตู†ูŠุน ุงู„ heavy chain coded by three gene segment
230
00:21:27,990 --> 00:21:35,130
ู…ุด two ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ variable ูˆููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ D segment ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
231
00:21:35,130 --> 00:21:41,850
diversity ุซู… joining ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ J segment ูˆุงูŠู‡ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง
232
00:21:41,850 --> 00:21:45,970
ุงู†ุชูˆุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ุงู„ variable ููŠู‡ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุงู‹ ุฎู…ุณูŠู† gene ููŠ
233
00:21:45,970 --> 00:21:48,570
ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุช ุจุชู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ู gene ูŠุดุชุฑูƒ ููŠ ุงู„ variable
234
00:21:48,570 --> 00:21:53,810
region ูˆ ุงู„ diversity ู„ู„ heavy ููŠู‡ุง ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ ุนุดุฑูŠู†
235
00:21:53,810 --> 00:22:00,170
gene ูˆุงู„ู€ Joining Segment ููŠู‡ุง ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ ุณุชุฉ ุฌูŠู† ูŠุจู‚ู‰
236
00:22:00,170 --> 00:22:04,570
ุฃูˆู„ ุงุฎุชู„ุงู ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ Variable Region ููŠู‡ุง ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุฌูŠู†
237
00:22:04,570 --> 00:22:06,810
segment instead of ุงุซู†ูŠู† gene segment instead of ุงุซู†ูŠู†
238
00:22:06,810 --> 00:22:11,830
gene segment ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Heavy ููŠ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ gene segment
239
00:22:14,640 --> 00:22:19,360
ููŠ ุงู„ู€ lighted chain ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ segments ุชุฑุชุจุท ุจู€ one
240
00:22:19,360 --> 00:22:22,720
constant gene ู‡ู†ุง ุจุชุฑุชุจุท ุจุชุณุนุฉ different constant
241
00:22:22,720 --> 00:22:28,200
gene ู„ุฃู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุชุณุนุฉ different type or class and
242
00:22:28,200 --> 00:22:33,000
subclass of immunoglobulin ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ mu ูˆ ุงู„
243
00:22:33,000 --> 00:22:38,300
delta ุฌุงู…ุง ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุฌุงู…ุง ูˆุงุญุฏ alpha one ุฌุงู…ุง two
244
00:22:38,300 --> 00:22:42,760
ุฌุงู…ุง four epsilon alpha two ูˆ ู‡ูƒุฐุง ู…ุงุดูŠ
245
00:22:45,050 --> 00:22:52,610
ุฏูˆู„ ุชุณุนุฉ different gene ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ููŠ
246
00:22:52,610 --> 00:22:58,410
ุงู„ .. ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ germ line DNA before a
247
00:22:58,410 --> 00:23:03,250
rearrangement already ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนู†
248
00:23:03,250 --> 00:23:11,170
ุงู„ heavy gene ูƒุงู…ู„ุฉ constant ูˆ variable ุทุจุนุง ููŠ ุงู„
249
00:23:11,170 --> 00:23:16,720
differentiated B lymphocytes ูˆ ู…ุฑุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจู†ุฐูƒุฑ ู…ุง
250
00:23:16,720 --> 00:23:20,000
ูŠู†ุทุจู‚ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ T ูŠู†ุทุจู‚ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ TCR ุงู„ P ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠู†ุทุจู‚
251
00:23:20,000 --> 00:23:26,600
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ T ุจุตูŠุญู‰ rearrangement ู„ู„ู€ gene ูุงู„ู€ variable
252
00:23:26,600 --> 00:23:29,740
ู‡ุฏุง ู‡ู†ุง ุฃุฎุฏู†ุง ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ variable region ูˆ ุงู„ู€
253
00:23:29,740 --> 00:23:33,160
diversity ุฃุฎุฏู†ุง ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงู„ู€ joining still ุชุงู†ูŠู†
254
00:23:33,160 --> 00:23:37,280
ู…ุฑุชุจุทูŠู† ุจูƒู„ ุงู„ู€ constant gene ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ุชุตููŠุทุฉ ู„ุณู‡ ู…ุด
255
00:23:37,280 --> 00:23:42,200
ุนุงุฑููŠู† ุฃูŠ class ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ antibody ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุชุตู†ุน ููŠ ุงู„ุบุงู„ุจ
256
00:23:42,200 --> 00:23:47,820
ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุฃู†ุชู… ู„ุงุญุธูŠู† ุฃูˆู„ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ constant gene ู‡ู…
257
00:23:47,820 --> 00:23:53,120
ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ู…ูŠูˆ ุฏู„ุชุง ู‡ู… ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ูŠุชุตู†ุนูˆุง ู…ุงุดูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ู€
258
00:23:53,120 --> 00:24:00,300
transcription ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ VDJ ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ุจุงู„ู…ูŠูˆ ุฏู„ุชุง ุซู… ููŠ
259
00:24:00,300 --> 00:24:06,560
ุงู„ู€ splicing ูƒู„ ู„ู† ูŠู†ู‚ุณู… ุนู„ู‰ ุญุฏ ุจุฏูŠู†ู‡ two mature
260
00:24:06,560 --> 00:24:12,080
messenger RNA ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู† ุชุตู†ูŠุน ุงู„ู€ Mew Chain ุฏู‡
261
00:24:12,080 --> 00:24:18,240
ู‡ูˆ VDJ Variable ู…ุฑุชุจุท ุจุงู„ูƒูˆู†ุณุชุงู† ุฌูŠู† of Mew ูˆูˆุงุญุฏ
262
00:24:18,240 --> 00:24:22,460
Messenger RNA ุขุฎุฑ ู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู†
263
00:24:22,460 --> 00:24:28,540
ุชุตู†ูŠุน ุงู„ู€ Delta Chain ูˆู‡ูŠ VDJ Delta
264
00:24:28,540 --> 00:24:35,420
ุทุจุนุง Translation ุจูŠุทู„ุน ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Mew Chain ูˆ
265
00:24:35,420 --> 00:24:42,260
Delta Chain of both immunoglobulin ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุฃูˆู„ ู…ุง
266
00:24:42,260 --> 00:24:50,820
ูŠุธู‡ุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ B lymphocyte surface ู‡ูˆ both IgM ูˆ IgD
267
00:24:50,820 --> 00:24:56,680
ุทูŠุจ ุฃู†ุง ุดุฑุญุช ู„ูƒู… ุงู„ู€ figure ุฎู„ูŠู†ุง ู†ุดูˆู ุงูŠุด ุงู„ู„ูŠ
268
00:24:56,680 --> 00:25:03,040
ูƒุชุจู†ุงู‡ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู€ figure shows the
269
00:25:03,040 --> 00:25:06,160
organization of gene coding for the heavy ู…ุชูู‚
270
00:25:06,160 --> 00:25:06,440
ุนู„ูŠู‡
271
00:25:09,750 --> 00:25:13,190
ุจุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ variable region of light chain
272
00:25:13,190 --> 00:25:18,390
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู† ุชุตู†ูŠุญ ุงู„ู€ two gene segment ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู€
273
00:25:18,390 --> 00:25:21,530
variable region of heavy chain is constructed from
274
00:25:21,530 --> 00:25:28,490
three gene segment ุงู„ู€ V ูˆุงู„ู€ D ูˆุงู„ู€ J ุฏูŠ denote for
275
00:25:28,490 --> 00:25:33,650
the diversity ู…ุงุดูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† extra segment ุฏุฎู„ุช
276
00:25:33,650 --> 00:25:38,680
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฎุท ู…ุง ูŠุญุฏุซ ู‡ูˆ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชุตููŠุช ู„ู„ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุฑุญู„ุชูŠู†
277
00:25:38,680 --> 00:25:43,540
ุฃูˆู„ ุดูŠุก ุจูŠู…ุณูƒ ุงู„ู€ D ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ J and they code for amino
278
00:25:43,540 --> 00:25:47,040
acid sequence in the third hypervariable region
279
00:25:47,040 --> 00:25:52,880
ู…ู† ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ุฃูˆ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู†ู‡ุง complementary determining
280
00:25:52,880 --> 00:25:57,020
region of the heavy chain ุซู… ู‡ุคู„ุงุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุชุจุทูˆุง
281
00:25:57,020 --> 00:25:59,700
ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ V gene
282
00:26:01,860 --> 00:26:05,720
ูˆู‚ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ู€ variable include ููˆู‚ ุฎู…ุณูŠู† different
283
00:26:05,720 --> 00:26:11,980
variable heavy chain gene ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง one
284
00:26:11,980 --> 00:26:19,660
gene ูุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุชุตููŠุชุฉ ู„ู„ู€ variable ุซู… ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ
285
00:26:19,660 --> 00:26:24,660
ู…ุน ู…ูŠู† ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ DJ ุงุฑุชุจุทุช ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ variable gene ูˆููŠ
286
00:26:24,660 --> 00:26:29,060
ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุจุชูƒูˆูŠู† ู„ูŠ DNA sequence ุทุจุนุง ููŠ ุฎู…ุณูŠู†
287
00:26:29,060 --> 00:26:33,370
different variable heavy chain ุนุดุฑูŠู† ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ
288
00:26:33,370 --> 00:26:37,170
ูˆุณุชุฉ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ุฌุชู…ุนุฉ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ
289
00:26:37,170 --> 00:26:39,830
ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ
290
00:26:39,830 --> 00:26:52,970
ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ
291
00:27:01,840 --> 00:27:08,760
ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Intron ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† Large Intron Area ู„ูƒู† ุฃูˆู„
292
00:27:08,760 --> 00:27:14,480
ุงุซู†ูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ constant region gene ู‡ู… ุงู„ู€ New Delta ูˆ
293
00:27:14,480 --> 00:27:19,600
ู‡ู… ุฃูˆู„ ู…ุง ูŠุชุตู†ุนูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€ developing B lymphocytes
294
00:27:19,600 --> 00:27:25,540
ุทุจ ุฃู†ุง ุจุฑุถู‡ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุญูƒุงูŠุฉ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชุตููŠุช ุจูŠุชุฎู„ู„ู‡ุง ุฃูˆ
295
00:27:25,540 --> 00:27:31,180
ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ VDJ recombinase enzyme ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
296
00:27:31,180 --> 00:27:38,800
ุจูŠุฑุจุท ุงู„ู€ different gene segment ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ูˆ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง
297
00:27:38,800 --> 00:27:46,280
ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ุฃู† ุงู„ุชุตููŠุทุฉ ุจุชุชู… ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุฑุญู„ุชูŠู† ุฃูˆู„ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุฃูˆู„
298
00:27:46,280 --> 00:27:55,040
ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุจุชุชู… ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ุงู„ู€ D segment ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ J segment ุงู„ู„ูŠ
299
00:27:55,040 --> 00:27:58,360
ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจุฑุชุจุทู‡ ุจุงู„ู€ V segment ู…ุน ุจุนุถ
300
00:28:01,040 --> 00:28:03,260
ุนู†ุฏ ุฅุนุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ู€ DNA ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ูŠุญุตู„ ุนู„ู‰
301
00:28:03,260 --> 00:28:07,780
ุชุฑุงู†ุณูƒุฑูŠุจุดู† ูˆุชุฑุงู†ุณูƒุฑูŠุจุดู†
302
00:28:07,780 --> 00:28:13,600
ูŠุชู… ุชุญูˆูŠู„ู‡ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃูˆู„ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุงุตุทู†ุงุน ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ
303
00:28:13,600 --> 00:28:18,920
ุงู„ู…ูŠูˆ ูˆุงู„ุฏู„ุชุง ูŠุชูƒูˆู† ู„ุจุฑูŠู…ุงุฑูŠ ุชุฑุงู†ุณูƒุฑูŠุจุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏ
304
00:28:18,920 --> 00:28:23,820
ุฐู„ูƒ ูŠุญุตู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุณู„ูŠุณูŠู†ุฌ ูˆูŠุชูƒูˆู† ู„ุชูˆ ู…ูŠุณู†ุฌุฑ RNA ู…ุงุชุดูˆุฑ
305
00:28:23,820 --> 00:28:26,920
ู…ูŠุณู†ุฌุฑ RNA ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ู…ูŠูˆ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู†
306
00:28:26,920 --> 00:28:31,360
ุงู„ุฏู„ุชุง ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ุจูŠุตู„ ู„ู‡ู… translation ูˆ ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง
307
00:28:31,360 --> 00:28:40,340
ุจู„ุงุฒู… ูƒุฑุชูƒูˆู„ูŠู† ูˆุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุฅู…ุง ู…ูˆ ูˆุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฏู„ุชุง ุทุจุนุง
308
00:28:40,340 --> 00:28:45,960
ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ any individual will express both ู…ูˆ
309
00:28:45,960 --> 00:28:52,200
ูˆ ุฏู„ุชุง with identical antigenic specificity ุงุซู†ูŠู†
310
00:28:52,200 --> 00:28:56,510
ุฒูŠ ุจุนุถ ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ุงุซู†ูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ
311
00:28:56,510 --> 00:28:59,470
ูˆุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ specific for one antigen ูุงู„ู€
312
00:28:59,470 --> 00:29:08,250
specificity ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุงู„ู€ ุทุจุนุง
313
00:29:08,250 --> 00:29:11,590
ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ splicing ู„ู„ู€ heavy chain primary
314
00:29:11,590 --> 00:29:16,030
transcript ูˆุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ูŠูˆ ุฏู„ุชุง
315
00:29:16,030 --> 00:29:18,110
which is the secreted form of a heavy chain
316
00:29:18,110 --> 00:29:23,410
polypeptide ุงู„ู€ two additional exons are found at
317
00:29:23,410 --> 00:29:27,250
the 3' ends of each constant heavy chain gene
318
00:29:27,250 --> 00:29:31,090
they are not shown ุฎู„ุงุต ุงุญู†ุง ุฃุฎุฐู†ุง ุฃูˆู„ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ูˆ
319
00:29:31,090 --> 00:29:36,510
ุงู„ุจุงู‚ูŠ ูƒู„ู‡ ุฑุงุญ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง Transmembrane form
320
00:29:36,510 --> 00:29:41,310
of the molecule and a constant terminal end of the
321
00:29:41,310 --> 00:29:47,730
secreted form of the molecule ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ Exon ู‡ู…
322
00:29:47,730 --> 00:29:53,270
ู…ู‚ุฑุฑูŠู† ุจุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณูŠุฉ ู„ูƒู† ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ู… ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
323
00:29:53,270 --> 00:30:00,130
ุจุณู„ู‡ splicing out ูˆููŠ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ messenger RNA
324
00:30:00,130 --> 00:30:08,690
ู…ุงุดูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ูŠ ุงู„ู€ heavy chain polypeptide ุจู‡ูŠูƒ
325
00:30:08,690 --> 00:30:14,300
ุดูู†ุง how can light chain and heavy chain be
326
00:30:14,300 --> 00:30:19,000
produced in the B lymphocytes ูƒู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุญุฏู‰ ูˆุดูˆูู†ุง
327
00:30:19,000 --> 00:30:23,620
ุงู„ุงุฎุชู„ุงูุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ light
328
00:30:23,620 --> 00:30:29,520
chain ูˆ heavy chain production method ุทูŠุจ how can
329
00:30:29,520 --> 00:30:37,100
this procedure be regulated ููŠ ุฃู†ู‡ุง ูƒู… ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ู…ุณุคูˆู„ุฉ
330
00:30:37,100 --> 00:30:43,030
ุนู† ุงู„ู€ regulation ุฃูˆู„ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุฃู† ูƒู„ B lymphocyte ุชุณุชุฎุฏู…
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00:30:43,030 --> 00:30:49,770
only one set of VDJ gene for light chain
332
00:30:49,770 --> 00:30:54,870
ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ
333
00:30:54,870 --> 00:31:01,950
ุงู„ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ูƒู„ B lymphocyte ุจุชุทู„ุน ู„ู†ุง light chain
334
00:31:01,950 --> 00:31:08,450
with only one antigenic specificity ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ูƒู„ ู…ุฑุฉ
335
00:31:08,450 --> 00:31:12,920
ุงู„ู€ ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ุจุชุตูุทูˆุง ุชุตููŠุชู‡ุง ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ูˆููŠ ูƒู„ ู…ุฑุฉ ุจูŠุฏูˆู†ุง one
336
00:31:12,920 --> 00:31:16,040
antigenic specificity ุณูˆุงุก ูƒุงู† ุงู„ู€ light ูˆู„ุง ุงู„ู€
337
00:31:16,040 --> 00:31:22,140
heavy ุงู„ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ immunoglobulin are coded only
338
00:31:22,140 --> 00:31:27,860
by one set of gene ู‚ู„ู†ุงู‡ุง ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ุดูˆููˆุง
339
00:31:27,860 --> 00:31:32,810
ู…ุตุฏุฑู‡ุง ุฅู…ุง maternal ูˆุฅู…ุง paternal ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุงุฎุชู„ุงู ุขุฎุฑ
340
00:31:32,810 --> 00:31:36,550
ุฌุงูŠ ููŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฎุท ูŠู…ูƒู† ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ุงู†ูŠ ุฃู† ุงุชุตูุทู†ุง ุงู„ุฌูŠู†ุงุช
341
00:31:36,550 --> 00:31:40,590
ุชุตููŠุทุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ูˆููŠ ูƒู„ ู…ุฑุฉ ุชุตููŠุท ุนุดูˆุงุฆูŠ ุจุงู„ู…ู†ุงุณุจุฉ ูˆููŠ
342
00:31:40,590 --> 00:31:45,190
ูƒู„ ู…ุฑุฉ ุจู†ุฎุชุงุฑ ุชุตููŠุทุฉ ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ุงู„ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุฃู† ู‡ุฐู‡
343
00:31:45,190 --> 00:31:50,290
ุงู„ู€ ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ุฅู…ุง ุฌุงูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ maternal origin or paternal
344
00:31:50,290 --> 00:31:54,990
ูุงู„ู€ .. ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู‡ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุฌุงูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
345
00:31:54,990 --> 00:31:58,350
paternal ูˆู„ุง ู‡ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุฌุงูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงูŠุดุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ maternal
346
00:31:59,560 --> 00:32:04,760
ูˆูŠุณู…ูˆุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุธุงู‡ุฑุฉ ุงู„ู€ Allelic Exclusion Phenomena
347
00:32:04,760 --> 00:32:11,000
Allelic Exclusion ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงูŠุดุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุณุชุซู†ูŠ one
348
00:32:11,000 --> 00:32:17,040
set of DNA gene ูˆุฎุตูˆุตุง ุจุชุชู… ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญูƒุงูŠุฉ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†
349
00:32:17,040 --> 00:32:23,980
ูุดู„ ุงู„ู€ transcription ุฃูˆ ูุดู„ ุงู„ุชุตู†ูŠุน ู„ุงุญุฏ ุงู„ุฌูŠู†ุงุช
350
00:32:23,980 --> 00:32:27,180
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุทูˆู„ ุจูŠุณุชุจุฏู„ูˆู‡ุง ุจุฌูŠู†ุงุช ุฌุงูŠุฉ
351
00:32:27,180 --> 00:32:34,340
ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู… ุฅุฐุง ูุดู„ุช ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชุฌุงุฑุจ ููŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงู„ูƒุฑูˆู…ูˆุณูˆู…ุŒ
352
00:32:34,340 --> 00:32:40,140
ูุณูŠุณุชู…ุฑ ุงู„ูƒุฑูˆู…ูˆุณูˆู… ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุจุงู„ุชุฌุงุฑุจ ููŠ ุงู„ุชุฌุงุฑุจ.
353
00:33:00,670 --> 00:33:10,970
is specific only for one epitope ูู‚ุท class
354
00:33:10,970 --> 00:33:17,190
or isotype switching ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุนุฑู ุงูŠุด
355
00:33:17,190 --> 00:33:21,400
ุงู„ู€ isotype switching ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ switch ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ
356
00:33:21,400 --> 00:33:27,440
ุงู„ู€ antibody ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุตู†ุนุช ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒูŠู ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงุญู†ุง ู†ุตู†ุน
357
00:33:27,440 --> 00:33:32,080
antibody ู…ู† ู†ูˆุนูŠุฉ ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู† ู‡ูŠ ุชุตู†ุนู‡ุง ูƒูŠู ุงู„ู€ IgM
358
00:33:32,080 --> 00:33:39,480
ุจูŠุฌู„ุจ ุงู„ู€ IgG ุฃูˆ IgA ุฃูˆ IgE ุฃูˆ whatever ุฎู„ูŠู†ุง ู†ุดูˆู
359
00:33:39,480 --> 00:33:42,200
ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ one B cell makes antibody in a single
360
00:33:42,200 --> 00:33:45,880
specificity ู…ุชูู‚ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ูƒู„ B lymphocyte ุจุชุทู„ุน ู„ู†ุง one
361
00:33:45,880 --> 00:33:53,230
specific antibody ู‡ูˆ ู…ู‚ุฑุฑ ู…ู† ุทุจูŠุนุฉ ุงู„ู€ VJ ู„ู„ุถูˆุก
362
00:33:53,230 --> 00:33:59,510
ูˆุงู„ู€ VDJ ู„ู„ู‡ูŠูˆูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชุตู†ูŠุน ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€
363
00:33:59,510 --> 00:34:02,290
Variable Region ุณูˆุงุก ูƒุงู†ุช ููŠ ุงู„ุถูˆุก ูˆู„ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู‡ูŠูˆูŠ
364
00:34:02,290 --> 00:34:05,610
ุงู„ู€
365
00:34:05,610 --> 00:34:09,630
Rearrangement ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุญุตู„ุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุจูŠุงุจ ุงู„ู€
366
00:34:09,630 --> 00:34:14,170
Antigen ูˆุจุชุตูŠุฑ during B-cell differentiation
367
00:34:17,570 --> 00:34:21,510
ุงู„ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุจู†ุตู†ุน ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ two types of antibody
368
00:34:21,510 --> 00:34:26,350
ู‡ูˆ IgM ูˆ IgD and they both have the same antigenic
369
00:34:26,350 --> 00:34:34,270
specificity ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุฃู† individual B cell ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง
370
00:34:34,270 --> 00:34:38,330
ุงู„ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ุชุณูˆูŠุด ุงู‡ to make different class of
371
00:34:38,330 --> 00:34:42,310
antibody ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง ุงู„ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ุงู†ู‡ุง ุชุตู†ุน ุงู†ู‡ุง IgG,
372
00:34:42,450 --> 00:34:47,380
IgE, IgA ูŠุณู…ูˆุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุธุงู‡ุฑุฉ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ุงูŠุถูˆูŠ
373
00:34:47,380 --> 00:34:48,860
ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ุงูŠุถูˆูŠ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ุงูŠุถูˆูŠ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ
374
00:34:48,860 --> 00:34:52,440
ุงู„ุงูŠุถูˆูŠ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ุงูŠุถูˆูŠ ุฃูˆ
375
00:34:52,440 --> 00:34:54,320
ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ุงูŠุถูˆูŠ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ุงูŠุถูˆูŠ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ
376
00:34:54,320 --> 00:34:55,260
ุงู„ุนุฒูŠุฒูŠ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ุนุฒูŠุฒูŠ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ุนุฒูŠุฒูŠ ุฃูˆ
377
00:34:55,260 --> 00:34:56,140
ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ุนุฒูŠุฒูŠ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ุนุฒูŠุฒูŠ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ
378
00:34:56,140 --> 00:34:57,560
ุงู„ุนุฒูŠุฒูŠ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ุนุฒูŠุฒูŠ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ุนุฒูŠุฒูŠ ุฃูˆ
379
00:34:57,560 --> 00:34:58,380
ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ุนุฒูŠุฒูŠ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ุนุฒูŠุฒูŠ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ
380
00:34:58,380 --> 00:35:00,380
ุงู„ุนุฒูŠุฒูŠ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ุนุฒูŠุฒูŠ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ุนุฒูŠุฒูŠ ุฃูˆ
381
00:35:00,380 --> 00:35:04,580
ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ุนุฒูŠุฒูŠ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ุนุฒูŠุฒูŠ ูˆุชุฏู‘ูŠู†ูŠ Antibody
382
00:35:04,580 --> 00:35:10,400
ุฌุฏูŠุฏ ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ the specificity ุชุจุนุช ุงู„ Antibody ู„ุชุตู†ุน
383
00:35:10,400 --> 00:35:17,140
ุงู„ุฌุฏูŠุฏ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† have the same specificity as IgM ูˆIgD
384
00:35:17,140 --> 00:35:21,620
ุงู„
385
00:35:21,620 --> 00:35:24,700
class switching phenomena ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ู‚ุฏุฑ ุงู„
386
00:35:24,700 --> 00:35:30,360
stimulated ุดูˆูŠุฉ ู„ุฃูˆู„ุงู†ู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุจุชุชู… ุงู„ุชุตู†ูŠุนู„ู„ู€ IgM
387
00:35:30,360 --> 00:35:36,700
ูˆุงู„ู€ IgD ููŠ ุฑูŠุงุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Antigen ู„ูƒู† ูŠูˆู… ู…ุง
388
00:35:36,700 --> 00:35:41,380
ุชุนู…ู„ Switching ู„ู„ Antibody ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ู€
389
00:35:41,380 --> 00:35:48,080
Antigen Stimulated ู…ุงุชูˆุฑ ุจู€ Cells ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ
390
00:35:48,080 --> 00:35:58,020
ููŠ ุชุตููŠุทุฉ ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ู„ู„ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ูˆูƒู„
391
00:35:58,020 --> 00:36:02,750
ู…ุง ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุฃู† ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู€ VDG ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ Variable
392
00:36:02,750 --> 00:36:08,550
Region ุจูŠู…ุณูƒูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€ New Constant Region Gene
393
00:36:08,550 --> 00:36:14,790
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ Variable ุจุชุชุฃุซุฑุดุŒ ุจุชุถู„ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ุนุดุงู† ุฃูŠู‡
394
00:36:14,790 --> 00:36:18,310
ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ Have The Same Specificity ู„ูƒู† ูƒู„ ู…ุง ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ู€
395
00:36:18,310 --> 00:36:23,310
VDG Segments ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุชูƒูˆู†ุช ุจุชุฑุชุจุท ุจู€ New Constant
396
00:36:23,310 --> 00:36:27,290
Gene ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจุชุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ classุŒ ุจุชุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ class
397
00:36:29,430 --> 00:36:33,530
In addition to Antigen ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ Antigen
398
00:36:33,530 --> 00:36:39,030
ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ููŠ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจุฑุถู‡ ุจุชุคุซุฑ ุนู„ู‰
399
00:36:39,030 --> 00:36:41,430
class switching phenomena ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ cytokine
400
00:36:41,430 --> 00:36:45,570
released by T lymphocyte
401
00:36:46,670 --> 00:36:49,650
ูŠุญุงูˆู„ูˆู† ุฃู† ูŠู„ุนุจูˆุง ุฏูˆุฑ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Class Switching
402
00:36:49,650 --> 00:36:55,090
ุงู„ุงู†ุชุฌูŠู† ูˆุงู„ู€ cytokine ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ู€ cytokine
403
00:36:55,090 --> 00:36:58,550
induce further development ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู† ุชุตููŠุชู‡
404
00:36:58,550 --> 00:37:02,890
ุงู„ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ DNA ูˆูŠ produce switching to other
405
00:37:02,890 --> 00:37:08,110
immunoglobulin class ุจู…ุณูƒู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ U Constantly
406
00:37:08,110 --> 00:37:14,450
ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุบูŠุฑูˆุง ุงู„ class ูˆุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐุง
407
00:37:14,450 --> 00:37:15,690
ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุจูŠุนุชู…ุฏ
408
00:37:22,730 --> 00:37:30,390
ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู‡ูŠ 6.5 ุจูŠุจูŠู† ู„ู†ุง ูƒูŠู
409
00:37:30,390 --> 00:37:36,730
ู…ูŠูƒุงู†ูŠุฒู… ูƒูŠู ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ match ูˆุจูŠู„ู†ู‚ ุตุญูŠุญ ุชุญุช class
410
00:37:36,730 --> 00:37:43,840
switching ูˆุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงู†ุชูˆุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ VDG ู…ุณูƒ ููŠู‡ ููŠ
411
00:37:43,840 --> 00:37:47,420
ุงู„ู€ Mu ูˆ Delta ุฃูˆู„ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ูˆ ุจุตู†ุนู‡ู… ููŠ ุบูŠุงุจ ุงู„ู€
412
00:37:47,420 --> 00:37:52,020
Antigen ูŠูˆู… ู…ุง ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ Antigen ูˆ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ New
413
00:37:52,020 --> 00:37:59,300
Rearrangement ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู€ PDG ู‡ุฐุง ุฑุงุญ ู…ุณูƒ ููŠู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู€
414
00:37:59,300 --> 00:38:04,300
Gamma 1 ูŠุนู†ูŠ IGG1 ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุงู† ุฃูˆู„ ูƒุงู† ูŠุตู†ุนู†ูŠ Mu ูˆ
415
00:38:04,300 --> 00:38:11,670
Delta ูˆุฌุฏุช Gamma 1 ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏู‡ุง ุชุฏูŠู†ูŠ IGG1 ูˆุฒูŠ ู…ุง
416
00:38:11,670 --> 00:38:15,710
ุงู†ุชูˆุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุจุงู„ุชู… ูƒุงู„ู‚ุงุชู‰ ุงูˆ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ
417
00:38:15,710 --> 00:38:20,410
ุงู„ุชุญุฏูŠุฏ ุจุงู„ุชู… ูƒุงู„ู‚ุงุชู‰ ูˆุฌุฏูˆุง ุงู†ู‡ ุงู„ constant gene
418
00:38:20,410 --> 00:38:24,590
segment ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† coding for ุชุณุนุฉ
419
00:38:24,590 --> 00:38:28,870
different constant gene ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ูƒู„ ุงู„ gene ูˆุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ
420
00:38:28,870 --> 00:38:33,190
ููŠ repeated sequence ุงุณู…ู‡ S or switch region ุฃูŠ
421
00:38:33,190 --> 00:38:39,160
ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุณูˆุฏุงุก ูˆู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ู‚ุงุฆุฏ ู…ู† ูŠู‚ูˆุฏ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
422
00:38:39,160 --> 00:38:44,560
ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ุงู„ู€ VDG ุจุงู„ู€ constant gene ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ
423
00:38:44,560 --> 00:38:47,780
ุจูŠู† ูƒู„ constant gene ูˆุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ ู…ุนุฏู‰ ู„ู…ูŠูˆ ูˆ ุงู„ุฏู„ุชุง
424
00:38:47,780 --> 00:38:53,420
ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ูŠูˆู… ู…ุง ูŠู…ุณูƒ ุงู„ VDG ุจุงู„ switch region of
425
00:38:53,420 --> 00:38:58,780
ุงูˆู„ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุจุตู†ุน ุงู„ู…ุชู†ูŠู† ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ู„ู…ูŠูˆ ูˆ ุงู„ุฏู„ุชุง ู„ูƒู†
426
00:38:58,780 --> 00:39:03,600
ูŠูˆู… ู…ุง ูŠู…ุณูƒ ููŠ Any other search region ู‚ุฏุงู… ุจู…ุณูƒ
427
00:39:03,600 --> 00:39:13,280
ูู‚ุท ุจุตู†ุนู†ุง ุงู„ class ุงูˆ ุงู„ body ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุณูƒ ููŠู‡ ุนู„ู‰
428
00:39:13,280 --> 00:39:20,320
ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุณูƒ ููŠ ุฌุงู…ุนุฉ one ุทุจุนุง ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ VDJ5
429
00:39:20,320 --> 00:39:23,520
V2D2J5
430
00:39:23,520 --> 00:39:27,700
ู…ุณูƒุช ููŠ ู…ูŠู† ููŠ ุฌุงู…ุนุฉ one ุงู„ุจุงู‚ูŠ ุจูŠุณุฃู„
431
00:39:27,700 --> 00:39:32,110
determination ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุฃูŠ ุณู„ูˆูƒ Transcription ูˆุธู„ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง
432
00:39:32,110 --> 00:39:36,170
VDJ ู…ุงุณูƒ ููŠ Gamma 1 ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฏูŠู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ
433
00:39:36,170 --> 00:39:40,910
Messenger Match ูˆ ุงู„ Messenger ุฑุงู†ูŠ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุฏู‡ ู‡ูˆ
434
00:39:40,910 --> 00:39:48,310
ุตูุชู‡ ุฎุงู„ุต V1 V2 VD2 J5 and Gamma 1 ู‡ูŠุทู„ุน ุนู†ุฏู†ุง
435
00:39:48,310 --> 00:39:54,910
IGG1 ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุดุฑูŠุญ ูŠุญูƒูŠ ู„ุขูŠุงุชูŠ at the five prime end
436
00:39:54,910 --> 00:39:58,350
of each every heavy chain constant region
437
00:40:01,450 --> 00:40:07,730
ู…ุงุดูŠ ุฌูŠู† ู…ุนุฏู‰ ูŠุนู†ูŠ at the five prime ุนู†ุฏ ูƒู„
438
00:40:07,730 --> 00:40:13,010
constant ููŠู‡ ุจุชุดูŠู† ุฌูŠู† ู…ุนุฏู‰ ุงู„ constant ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
439
00:40:13,010 --> 00:40:18,610
delta ุจูŠู† delta ูˆ mu ููŠ ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง stretch
440
00:40:18,610 --> 00:40:23,970
switch region ูˆู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† stretch of repeating
441
00:40:23,970 --> 00:40:31,550
base sequence ุทุจุนุง this region S region ู‡ูŠ ู…ู† ูŠุณู…ุญ
442
00:40:31,550 --> 00:40:39,790
of any constant heavy chain gene ู…ุงุดูŠ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู…ุนุงู‡ุง
443
00:40:39,790 --> 00:40:44,370
ุฏู‡ constant delta to associate with the VDJ unit
444
00:40:44,370 --> 00:40:50,590
ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุง only the constant heavy gene
445
00:40:50,590 --> 00:40:55,130
Gamma 1 Gamma 3 ุทุจ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒู„ู‡ ุงู†ุญุฐู
446
00:40:58,750 --> 00:41:02,730
Under the Stimulating Influence of Antigen
447
00:41:02,730 --> 00:41:09,830
Antiderived T Cell Derived Cytokine ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุชุญุช ุชุฃุซูŠุฑ
448
00:41:09,830 --> 00:41:13,350
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ุงู†ุชูŠุฌู† ูˆุงู„ูƒุงุฆู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุทุงู„ุน ู…ู† ุงู„ T
449
00:41:13,350 --> 00:41:18,370
Cell ุงูŠุด ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ู‚ุงู„ูˆู„ุง ุจูŠุณู„ with the VDG unit
450
00:41:18,370 --> 00:41:27,340
Linked Cยต ูˆC ุฏู„ุชุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงุฑุซุฑ rearrangement ุนุดุงู†
451
00:41:27,340 --> 00:41:34,900
ุงู„ู€ VDJ ุงู„ุฌุฏูŠุฏ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ูŠุฑุชุจุท ุจู€ S region in
452
00:41:34,900 --> 00:41:39,240
front ููŠ ู…ู‚ุฏู…ุฉ ุฃูŠ other constant heavy region gene
453
00:41:39,240 --> 00:41:46,160
ูˆููŠ ุงู„ figure ูƒุงู† Gamma 1 ุทุจุนุง ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ primary
454
00:41:46,160 --> 00:41:50,540
RNA transcript is made from rearranged DNA ูˆ ุงู„
455
00:41:50,540 --> 00:41:55,040
introns are spliced out ูˆุทู„ุนู†ุง mature messenger
456
00:41:55,040 --> 00:42:01,820
RNA ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูˆุด ูƒูˆุฏ for IGG-1 Heavy Chain ูˆุทุจุนุง
457
00:42:01,820 --> 00:42:07,960
intervening C-region DNA is removed ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ
458
00:42:07,960 --> 00:42:12,540
ุฃูˆ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ The cell loses its ability to
459
00:42:12,540 --> 00:42:16,940
revert to making a class of antibody whose
460
00:42:16,940 --> 00:42:20,740
constant region gene has been deleted ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงู†ู…ุญู‰
461
00:42:20,740 --> 00:42:26,450
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงู†ุญุฒู ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ constant gene ู…ุง ุจู†ูุน ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุชุฑุฌุน
462
00:42:26,450 --> 00:42:31,890
ุชุตู†ุน ู…ู†ู‡ ุชุงู†ูŠ Class
463
00:42:31,890 --> 00:42:35,350
Class switching is a mechanism unique to immunoglobulin
464
00:42:35,350 --> 00:42:40,250
heavy chain ุฃูˆ B cell and it allows an
465
00:42:40,250 --> 00:42:43,710
antibody with a single antigenic specificity to
466
00:42:43,710 --> 00:42:46,070
associate with variety of different constant
467
00:42:46,070 --> 00:42:51,470
region in a chain ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู†ุง different
468
00:42:51,470 --> 00:42:56,760
effector function ู‡ูˆ ู…ุซุงู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ VDG unit
469
00:42:56,760 --> 00:43:01,320
specific for bacterial antigen may be linked by
470
00:43:01,320 --> 00:43:08,440
constant gamma ุจุชุทู„ุนู†ุง IGG ูˆุทุจุนุง ุงู„ IGG ู‡ุฐุง ุฏูŠ
471
00:43:08,440 --> 00:43:11,820
ุงุฑุชุจุท ู…ุน ุงู„ macro phase ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ุง receptor ู„ู„ FC
472
00:43:11,820 --> 00:43:13,820
portion of IGG
473
00:43:16,370 --> 00:43:24,110
the same VDG VDJ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุฑุชุจุท ุจุงู„ constant epsilon
474
00:43:24,110 --> 00:43:30,530
gene ุนุดุงู† ุชุทู„ุนู†ูŠ IGE ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃูŠุถุง ู„ู‡ receptor ุนู„ู‰ ุณุทุญ
475
00:43:30,530 --> 00:43:38,590
ุงู„ muscle ู„ ุงู„ FC epsilon region ุงู„ cytokine ุฌู…ูŠุนุง
476
00:43:38,590 --> 00:43:42,090
ุจู„ุนุจ ุฏูˆุฑ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ููŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ class switching ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„
477
00:43:42,090 --> 00:43:48,690
ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ูŠูˆู… ุชูุฑูŠุฐ ุงู„ู†ุฌุงู… ุงู†ุชุฑููŠุฑูˆู† ุงู„ู€ B-Lymphocytes
478
00:43:48,690 --> 00:43:57,430
ูŠุชุนุงู…ู„ูˆู† ู…ุน ุฌูŠู†ุงุชู‡ุง ู„ุชุนุงู…ู„ ู…ุน ุฌุงู…ุนุฉ 2 ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ู…ุณุชู…ุฑุฉ
479
00:43:57,430 --> 00:44:03,010
ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ู€ B-Lymphocytes ูŠุชุนุงู…ู„ูˆู† ู…ุน IGG2
480
00:44:03,010 --> 00:44:08,090
-Synthesis ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ุงู„ู€ cytokine IL4 ูŠุชุทู„ุน ู„ู†ุง ูŠุง
481
00:44:08,090 --> 00:44:17,830
ุฅู…ุง IGG4 ูŠุง ุฅู…ุง IGE ูƒู„ ูƒุงุฆู† ุงู„ู€ cytokine ู‡ูˆ ูŠููƒุฑ ููŠ
482
00:44:17,830 --> 00:44:28,450
ุฎุณุงุฑุฉ ู…ุตุงุฏุฑ ุงู„ู€DNA ุงู„ู€Double Helix ุงู„ู€DNA
483
00:44:28,450 --> 00:44:44,390
ุงู„ู€Double
484
00:44:44,390 --> 00:44:45,730
Helix ุงู„ู€DNA ุงู„ู€Double Helix ุงู„ู€Double Helix
485
00:44:45,730 --> 00:44:45,770
ุงู„ู€Double Helix ุงู„ู€Double Helix ุงู„ู€Double Helix
486
00:44:45,770 --> 00:44:48,960
ุงู„ู€Double Helix ุงู„ู€Double Helix ู‡ูŠุจุชุดูŠู†ุฌูŠู† ู‡ูˆ
487
00:44:48,960 --> 00:44:53,860
ุงู†ุฒุงูŠู… ุงุณู…ู‡ which recombinates enzyme ุทูŠุจ ููŠ
488
00:44:53,860 --> 00:44:56,800
ู…ูŠูƒุงู†ูŠุฒู…ุงุช ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุงู† ุงู†ุชูˆุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ูƒู„ ุงู„ู„ู‰ ูุงุชุฑ ุงูŠู‡
489
00:44:56,800 --> 00:45:02,140
ุงู† ุงู† ููŠ ูƒู„ ู…ุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ุชุชุตูู‰ ุชุตููŠุชู‡ุง ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ
490
00:45:02,140 --> 00:45:07,260
ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุชุฏูŠู†ู‰ different immunoglobulin for each B
491
00:45:07,260 --> 00:45:11,900
lymphocytes ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ูŠ ุนุฏุฏ ู‡ุงุฆู„ ุฌุฏุง ู…ู† ุงู„
492
00:45:11,900 --> 00:45:17,670
antibody ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุจุดูƒู„ ุฎุงุต ุจู‡ู… ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุญุงุฌุงุช ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ
493
00:45:17,670 --> 00:45:24,730
ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุฒูˆู‘ุฏ ุงู„ diversity ููŠ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ุทุจุนุง ููŠ ุงู†ู‡ุง ู…ู†
494
00:45:24,730 --> 00:45:28,370
ุงู„ุญุงุฌุงุช ุงู„ุชุงุฏูŠุฉ ู†ู…ุฑุง ูˆุงุญุฏ presence of multiple
495
00:45:28,370 --> 00:45:34,190
variable gene in the germ line ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠู…ุซู„ ู„ุฏูŠ
496
00:45:34,190 --> 00:45:37,730
number of different antibody that can be
497
00:45:37,730 --> 00:45:42,150
reproduced ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒู„ ู…ุฑุฉ ุจุชุตูุท ูˆุชุตููŠุชู‡ุง ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ
498
00:45:44,080 --> 00:45:52,820
ุงู„ู€ VG ูˆุงู„ู€ VDG ุงู„ูˆุถุน
499
00:45:52,820 --> 00:45:57,360
ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน
500
00:45:57,360 --> 00:45:58,720
ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน
501
00:45:58,720 --> 00:45:58,800
ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน
502
00:45:58,800 --> 00:46:02,700
ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน
503
00:46:02,700 --> 00:46:02,760
ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน
504
00:46:02,760 --> 00:46:05,360
ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ูˆุถุน
505
00:46:07,750 --> 00:46:11,990
ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฃุฑุจุนูŠู† Vkappa ู…ุน ุฎู…ุณุฉ
506
00:46:11,990 --> 00:46:21,070
Jkappa ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู…ุชูŠู† gene ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุชูŠู† ูุฑุตุฉ ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุจุชุตูŠุฑ
507
00:46:21,070 --> 00:46:28,150
ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ู„ุญุงู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ variable ูˆุงู„ู€
508
00:46:28,150 --> 00:46:31,450
lambda ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฃุฑุจุนูŠู† variable lambda ู…ุน ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ
509
00:46:31,450 --> 00:46:37,250
joining ุจุชุญู…ู„ ู…ุงุฆุฉ ูˆุณุชูŠู† Lambda different gene
510
00:46:37,250 --> 00:46:42,310
ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠ ูƒู„ ู…ุฑุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุชุบูŠุฑ ู„ู€H ู„ู€New ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ู€
511
00:46:42,310 --> 00:46:45,810
Probability ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† Probability ุงู„ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ
512
00:46:45,810 --> 00:46:51,670
ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุชุบูŠุฑ ูƒู„ ู…ุฑุฉ ูˆุชุตููŠุฉ ุชุตููŠุชู‡ุง ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ูˆุญุตู„
513
00:46:51,670 --> 00:46:57,430
ุถุฑุจ ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุชูŠู† ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ู‚ู„ู†ุง
514
00:46:57,430 --> 00:47:05,360
ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ variable ุงู„ู€ heavy ุฎู…ุณูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€ variable
515
00:47:05,360 --> 00:47:08,760
ูˆุนุดุฑูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€ diversity ูˆุณุชุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ joining ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠู‡
516
00:47:08,760 --> 00:47:14,980
ุณุชุฉ ุขู„ุงู ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุชุตููŠุทุฉ Rearrangement ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุชุณุช
517
00:47:14,980 --> 00:47:23,140
ุณุชุฉ ุขู„ุงู ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ Heavy Chain is produced Random
518
00:47:23,140 --> 00:47:26,440
Assortment of Heavy and Lighter Chain ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุฌุฏุง
519
00:47:26,440 --> 00:47:31,000
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ probability ู„ุชุตููŠุช ุงู„ุชู†ุชูŠู† ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ
520
00:47:31,000 --> 00:47:35,720
ุนู† ุญุงุตู„ ุถุฑุจ ุงู„ุชู†ูŠู† ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ูุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ for ูƒุงุจุง
521
00:47:35,720 --> 00:47:41,760
ู†ุถุฑุจู‡ ุจุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ูˆุณุชูŠู† ููŠ ุณุชุฉ ุขู„ุงู ุจุชู„ุนุจู†ุง ุนุฏุฏ ู…ุฎูˆู„ ู…ู†
522
00:47:41,760 --> 00:47:50,740
ุงู„ู€ age ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ุญุฏูˆุซ ุฃูˆ ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ูƒุงุจุง ููŠ ุนุงู…ู„ ุซุงู„ุซ ุฃูˆ
523
00:47:50,740 --> 00:47:54,980
ุฑุงุจุน ุงุณู…ู‡ junctional and insertional diversity
524
00:47:54,980 --> 00:47:58,100
ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชู„ุฒูŠุฌ
525
00:48:00,860 --> 00:48:07,720
ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุบูŠุฑ ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชุตููŠุช ููŠ ุงู„ู€
526
00:48:07,720 --> 00:48:15,400
DNA ู…ุงุดูŠ ูˆุงู„ุชู„ุฒูŠุฌ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุบูŠุฑ ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ู…ุงุดูŠ
527
00:48:15,400 --> 00:48:21,620
ูุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ ุฅูŠุด ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ deletion ุฃูˆ ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ amino
528
00:48:21,620 --> 00:48:27,840
acid ููŠ ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุชู„ุฒูŠุฌ ุจุณู…ูˆู‡ุง ุฏูŠ ุฏุงุฆุฑุฉ junctional
529
00:48:27,840 --> 00:48:36,140
diversity ูˆุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุฃูŠุถุง ุจูŠุถูŠู ุฅุถุงูุฉ ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ
530
00:48:36,140 --> 00:48:44,280
ู„ู€ ุงู„ู€ fab region ูˆู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุฌุฒุก ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ hyper
531
00:48:44,280 --> 00:48:47,240
variable region ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ fab region
532
00:48:47,240 --> 00:48:50,300
ูƒู…ุงู†
533
00:48:50,300 --> 00:48:53,980
ู…ุด ุจุณ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ deletion ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ insertion
534
00:48:53,980 --> 00:49:01,150
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅุถุงูุฉ ู…ุงุดูŠ ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฎุด ุดูˆูŠุฉ amino acid ููŠ
535
00:49:01,150 --> 00:49:09,430
ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุฅุถุงูุฉ ูˆุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุฅู†ุฒูŠู… ุงุณู…ู‡
536
00:49:09,430 --> 00:49:14,610
terminal deoxynucleotide transferase ุฅู†ุฒูŠู… ุฃูˆ TDT
537
00:49:14,610 --> 00:49:23,360
ุฅู†ุฒูŠู… ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ immature B cell ุฃูˆ T cell ุทุจุนุง
538
00:49:23,360 --> 00:49:27,920
ุงู„ุฅุถุงูุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุตุงุฑุช ู…ุฑุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง N-region
539
00:49:27,920 --> 00:49:34,580
ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง N-region diversity Somatic hypermutation
540
00:49:34,580 --> 00:49:39,040
ุจุฑุถู‡ ุขู„ูŠุฉ ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ุจุชูˆุธูŠู ุฅุถุงูุฉ ู„ู„ diversity of
541
00:49:39,040 --> 00:49:42,600
immunoglobulin and TCR ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆุง ุฅู†ู‡ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡
542
00:49:42,600 --> 00:49:45,740
mutation ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ variable gene of heavy
543
00:49:45,740 --> 00:49:50,140
unlighted chain ุจุชุฒูˆุฏ ุงู„ู€ variability ูˆ antibody
544
00:49:50,140 --> 00:49:55,950
produced by B cell ุงู„ู€ Antibody of Low Affinity
545
00:49:55,950 --> 00:50:03,490
ุชู†ุชุฌ ููŠ ุชุฌุงุฑุจ ุฃุณุงุณูŠุฉ ู„ู„ู€ Antigen. ูˆูƒู…ุง ุชุชุฌุงุฑุจ
546
00:50:03,490 --> 00:50:10,810
ุงู„ุชุฌุงุฑุจ ุชุชุฌุงุฑุจ ุชุฌุงุฑุจ ุงู„ู€DNA ุงู„ุฎุงุต ุจู‡ุงุŒ ุชุชุฌุงุฑุจ
547
00:50:10,810 --> 00:50:16,490
ุชุฌุงุฑุจ ุงู„ู€DNA ุงู„ุฎุงุต ุจู‡ุงุŒ ุชุชุฌุงุฑุจ ุชุฌุงุฑุจ ุงู„ู€DNA ุงู„ุฎุงุต
548
00:50:16,490 --> 00:50:19,230
ุจู‡ุงุŒ ุชุชุฌุงุฑุจ ุชุฌุงุฑุจ ุงู„ู€DNA ุงู„ุฎุงุต ุจู‡ุงุŒ ุชุชุฌุงุฑุจ ุชุฌุงุฑุจ
549
00:50:19,230 --> 00:50:22,830
ุชุฌุงุฑุจ ุงู„ู€DNA ุงู„ุฎุงุต ุจู‡ุงุŒ ุชุชุฌุงุฑุจ ุชุฌุงุฑุจ ุชุฌุงุฑุจ ุงู„ู€DNA
550
00:50:22,830 --> 00:50:22,930
ุงู„ุฎุงุต ุจู‡ุงุŒ ุชุชุฌุงุฑุจ ุชุฌุงุฑุจ ุชุฌุงุฑุจ ุงู„ู€DNA ุงู„ุฎุงุต ุจู‡ุงุŒ
551
00:50:22,930 --> 00:50:24,860
ุชุฌุงุฑุจ ุงู„ู€DNA ุงู„ุฎุงุต ุจู‡ุงุŒ ุชุชุฌุงุฑุจ ู…ู† ุฃูˆู„ุฆูƒ ุนู„ู‰ ุฌุฑู…
552
00:50:24,860 --> 00:50:31,280
ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุงู„ู€DNA ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุงู†ุชู‚ุงู„ ูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠ ู…ู† ู…ูˆุงุตู„ุฉ ู…ูŠูˆุชุดูŠู†
553
00:50:31,280 --> 00:50:36,420
ูˆู‡ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ VDG ุชุชุนุงู…ู„ ู…ุน ุฌู†ุฉ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู†
554
00:50:36,420 --> 00:50:40,300
ุงู„ุงู†ุชูŠุจุงุฏูŠ ุงู„ุชูŠ
555
00:50:40,300 --> 00:50:45,000
ุชู†ุชู‡ูŠ ููŠ ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฃู…ูŠู†ูˆุงุณุฏ ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุธุงู‡ุฑุฉ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง
556
00:50:45,000 --> 00:50:52,220
Somatic Hypermutation ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ุจุณุฑุนุฉ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ุนุดุฑ
557
00:50:52,220 --> 00:50:56,600
ุชู„ุงู ุถุนู higher ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ Normal Rate of
558
00:50:56,600 --> 00:51:02,020
Mutation.Somatic Hyper-Mutation ุฃูŠุถู‹ุงุŒ ูŠู†ุชุฌ ููŠ
559
00:51:02,020 --> 00:51:08,840
ุฃุนุถุงุก ุฃููŠู†ูŠุชูŠ ูˆุงู†ุชุจุงุฏูŠ ุซุงู†ูˆูŠุฉ.Somatic
560
00:51:08,840 --> 00:51:14,400
Gene ConversionุŒ
561
00:51:14,400 --> 00:51:16,940
ุฏุนูˆู†ุง ู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ููŠุฌูˆุฑูŠ ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…ุŒ
562
00:51:20,560 --> 00:51:25,280
ุงู„ู€ Somatic Gene Conversion ุชุฌุนู„ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ู…ุฎุชู„ูู‹ุง ููŠ
563
00:51:25,280 --> 00:51:29,600
ุงู„ู€ Immunoglobulin ุฌูŠู† ู…ู† ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุงุช ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุทุจุนู‹ุง
564
00:51:29,600 --> 00:51:35,860
ุงู„ููŠุฌูˆุฑูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‚ุฏุงู…ู†ุง ุจูŠุจูŠู† ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ู€ Phenomena ุทุจุนู‹ุง
565
00:51:35,860 --> 00:51:38,920
ุธุงู‡ุฑุฉ ู…ุนู…ูˆู„ุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ Chicken Immunoglobulin Naval
566
00:51:38,920 --> 00:51:45,060
Chain Locus Short Sequence of DNA from one or more
567
00:51:45,060 --> 00:51:49,860
pseudo gene ุฏุฎู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฎุทุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุฃูˆ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
568
00:51:49,860 --> 00:51:58,400
Pseudogen ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ู„ู‡ู… copying into rearranged VDJ
569
00:51:58,400 --> 00:52:05,900
unit ู‡ูŠ ุทุจุนุง ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ variable ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ diversity ูˆู‡ูŠ
570
00:52:05,900 --> 00:52:10,240
ุงู„ู€ joining ู…ุฑุชุจุทูŠู† ุจุงู„ู€ constant ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ rearrangement
571
00:52:10,240 --> 00:52:14,740
ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ somatic gene conversion ู„ุฃู† ูˆุงุญุฏ
572
00:52:14,740 --> 00:52:17,260
ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ุจูŠุชุบูŠุฑ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฅูŠุด
573
00:52:19,900 --> 00:52:26,640
ุฅู„ู‰ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ููŠ ููŠ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุฅุถุงูุฉ ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ููŠ
574
00:52:26,640 --> 00:52:30,220
ุงู„ุชุตููŠุทุฉ ุบุงู„ุจุง ู‡ูŠ ุนู…ู„ู‡ุง pseudo gene ู„ูƒู†ู‡ุง ุชูˆุถูŠู
575
00:52:30,220 --> 00:52:35,360
ุฅุถุงูุฉ ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ู€ receptor editing ุจุฑุถู‡ ุธุงู‡ุฑุฉ
576
00:52:35,360 --> 00:52:42,080
ุฃูŠุถุง ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ู‡ูŠ ุฃู† ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุชุนู…ู„ second rearrangement
577
00:52:42,080 --> 00:52:47,240
ููŠ ุงู„ู€ light exchange gene rearrangement ุจุนุฏ ู…ุงูŠูƒูˆู†
578
00:52:47,240 --> 00:52:53,400
ุงู„ู€ first rearrangement is
579
00:52:53,400 --> 00:52:57,240
failed. ู…ุงุดูŠุŒ
580
00:52:57,240 --> 00:53:01,080
ู‡ูŠ cell in the B-cell lineage can undergo a second
581
00:53:01,080 --> 00:53:03,680
rearrangement of its lighted chain variable gene
582
00:53:03,680 --> 00:53:09,520
segment after it has formed a recombined VG unit
583
00:53:09,520 --> 00:53:14,220
.ู…ุงุดูŠุŒ as this process is known as receptor
584
00:53:14,220 --> 00:53:14,600
editing.
585
00:53:21,700 --> 00:53:25,600
ุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ู€ diversity ุจุชุฎุชู„ู ูˆุจุชุฒูŠุฏ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€
586
00:53:25,600 --> 00:53:30,320
receptor editing ูˆู‚ุชูŠุด ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ูŠูˆู… in the B cell with
587
00:53:30,320 --> 00:53:34,300
a receptor specific for a self-antigen interact
588
00:53:34,300 --> 00:53:39,160
with that self-antigen ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุทู„ุนู†ุง antibody ู…ุงุดูŠ
589
00:53:39,870 --> 00:53:43,810
ุงู„ู€ Antibody ู‡ุฐุง is specific for self-antigen
590
00:53:43,810 --> 00:53:46,970
ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง Receptor EditingุŒ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู„ูŠ
591
00:53:46,970 --> 00:53:52,390
ุจูŠุตูŠุฑุŸ ุจุชู„ุน ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ูˆู‡ูŠ ุนุงู…ู„ุฉ ุชุตููŠุทุฉ ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ู…ู†
592
00:53:52,390 --> 00:53:57,090
ุงู„ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ู€ lighted chain ูุจุชุฎุชู„ู ุงู„ุชุตููŠุทุฉุŒ ุชุจุฏุฃ
593
00:53:57,090 --> 00:54:00,990
ุนู† ุงู„ุชุตููŠุทุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ุงู†ูŠุฉ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ non-specific
594
00:54:00,990 --> 00:54:02,690
for self-antigen
595
00:54:06,160 --> 00:54:12,800
ุงู„ู€ outcome of this interaction ู‡ูˆ ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ V ู…ุน ุงู„ู€
596
00:54:12,800 --> 00:54:18,420
J ุฌูŠู† ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง
597
00:54:18,420 --> 00:54:20,880
secondary arrangement ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ุช ู„ูƒูˆุง ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ
598
00:54:20,880 --> 00:54:26,220
ุจูŠุฏูˆู†ุง new VG recognition ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุง ุจุชุชุนุฑู ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€
599
00:54:26,220 --> 00:54:27,020
self antigen
600
00:54:29,730 --> 00:54:34,550
ุทุจุนุง ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ูŠูƒุงู†ูŠุฒู…ุงุช ุจุชุณุงู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Formation
601
00:54:34,550 --> 00:54:39,490
of a huge library ุฃูˆ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง Repertoire of B
602
00:54:39,490 --> 00:54:44,490
lymphocyte ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุญุชูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ specificity required
603
00:54:44,490 --> 00:54:49,110
to deal with the multitude of diverse Epitopes
604
00:54:49,110 --> 00:54:54,910
ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง Antibody ุงู„ุขู† ุชุณุชุทูŠุน ุฃู† ุชุชุนุงู…ู„ ู…ุน ูƒู„ Epitope
605
00:54:55,910 --> 00:55:01,470
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูˆุงุฌู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Antibody.The number of
606
00:55:01,470 --> 00:55:03,950
total immunoglobulin specificity that can be
607
00:55:03,950 --> 00:55:07,670
generated ููŠ ุฃูŠ individual ู‡ูˆ ุนุดุฑ ุฃู‚ูˆู‰ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุนุดุฑ
608
00:55:07,670 --> 00:55:12,250
which is increased even more by somatic
609
00:55:12,250 --> 00:55:20,410
hypermutation. ู„ุฏู‰ ุงู„ู€ activation induced citadine
610
00:55:22,310 --> 00:55:27,470
deaminase ููŠ generation of diversity ู‡ุฐุง ุทุจุนุง ู…ู†
611
00:55:27,470 --> 00:55:31,190
ุงู„ุงุณู… activation-induced citadine deaminase ูŠุนู†ูŠ
612
00:55:31,190 --> 00:55:35,910
ุจูŠุดูŠู„ citadine ููŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ diversity
613
00:55:35,910 --> 00:55:41,330
ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐุง ุจุถูŠู ุฅุถุงูุฉ ู„ู„ diversity AID plays a key
614
00:55:41,330 --> 00:55:44,470
role in initiating class switching phenomena or
615
00:55:44,470 --> 00:55:48,680
recombinationSOMATIC HYPERMUTATION AND GENE
616
00:55:48,680 --> 00:55:50,940
CONVERSION ุจุงู„ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุงู„ุชู„ุงุชุฉ
617
00:55:50,940 --> 00:55:53,460
ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุฌุนู„ู‡ุง ุชุชุฌุงุฑุจ ุจูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู†
618
00:55:53,460 --> 00:55:59,560
ุงู„ุงู†ุชูŠู…ูˆุฏูŠุง ู…ุงุฐุง ูŠูุนู„ ุงู„ู€ A ุดูŠ ุงู„ุธุงู‡ุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ุŸ ุงู„ู€ A
619
00:55:59,560 --> 00:56:04,400
ID ุชุญุฑุฑ ุงู„ุฌู…ุน ุงู„ู€ 6D ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ DNA ููŠ ุงู„ู€ activated B
620
00:56:04,400 --> 00:56:08,720
-cell ูˆูŠุญูˆู„ู‡ุง ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠูˆุฑุฏูŠู† ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐูŠ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญู„ู‚ุฉ
621
00:56:08,720 --> 00:56:14,180
ู…ุซู„ู†ุง UG Base Pair ููŠ ุงู„ู€ DNA ูˆุงู„ู€ mismatch base
622
00:56:14,180 --> 00:56:17,580
pairs are then removed by one of several different
623
00:56:17,580 --> 00:56:26,800
enzymes ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจุชู†ุชุฌ ุชู†ุชุฌ ู„ู†ุง different DNA
624
00:56:26,800 --> 00:56:33,920
ุฃูˆ ุชุบูŠูŠุฑุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ู€ DNA primarily in immunoglobulin V
625
00:56:33,920 --> 00:56:35,240
region gene
626
00:56:40,970 --> 00:56:47,070
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุชุดูŠู„ ุณุชุฉ ุฏูŠู†ุงุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุทูŠุจ ุจู‡ูŠูƒ ู†ูƒูˆู†
627
00:56:47,070 --> 00:56:53,270
ุฎู„ุตู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฎุงุถุฑุฉ ุฃุฑุฌูˆ ุฃู† ุชูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ู‚ุฏ ุงุณุชู…ุชุนุชู…
628
00:56:53,270 --> 00:56:54,090
ุจู‡ุง