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1 |
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بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم تحياتي لكم مجددا في |
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2 |
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00:00:04,720 --> 00:00:08,660 |
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المحاضرة الأولى اتكلمنا عن ال history taking و |
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3 |
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00:00:08,660 --> 00:00:12,200 |
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اتكلمنا عن ال general concepts و ال general |
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4 |
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principles of history taking و اليوم ان شاء الله |
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5 |
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00:00:15,420 --> 00:00:18,740 |
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راح نتكلم عن ال general physical examination plan |
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6 |
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00:00:18,740 --> 00:00:23,280 |
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of conduction and recordingطبعا في نقطة جديدة |
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7 |
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00:00:23,280 --> 00:00:26,920 |
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بالذكر هنا أن أول خطوة من خطوات ال physical |
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8 |
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00:00:26,920 --> 00:00:29,940 |
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examination هي ال history taking نفسها لأن أثناء |
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9 |
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00:00:29,940 --> 00:00:34,760 |
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ال history taking احنا بنكون فكرة عن المريض عن ال |
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10 |
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00:00:34,760 --> 00:00:38,500 |
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general appearance عن ال mental status عن ال |
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11 |
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conscious level عن ال communication level of the |
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12 |
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patient كل هذه أشياء بنكون عنها فكرة في ال history |
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13 |
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00:00:46,660 --> 00:00:49,700 |
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وبالتالي ال history هو يعتبر the first part of |
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14 |
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physical examinationفي ال general physical |
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15 |
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00:00:54,350 --> 00:01:00,010 |
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examination بنتناول ال vital data بما فيها ال |
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16 |
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00:01:00,010 --> 00:01:03,770 |
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vital science طبعا و ال general examination of the |
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17 |
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00:01:03,770 --> 00:01:07,490 |
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patient بعدين ال systematic examination المحاضرة |
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18 |
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00:01:07,490 --> 00:01:10,090 |
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هذه هنركز فيها على ال vital data و على ال general |
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19 |
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00:01:10,090 --> 00:01:13,250 |
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examination و ال systemic examination طبعا بيكون |
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20 |
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00:01:13,250 --> 00:01:16,870 |
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له محاضرات مستقلة و راح تتعرفوا عليه من خلال ال |
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21 |
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00:01:16,870 --> 00:01:22,660 |
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bedside teachingهذا هو الوصفة للوصفات المهمة |
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22 |
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00:01:26,040 --> 00:01:28,980 |
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name of the doctor name of the patient name of the |
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23 |
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00:01:28,980 --> 00:01:33,880 |
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institution ال word number ال case number ال date |
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24 |
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00:01:33,880 --> 00:01:37,640 |
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ال age of the patient ال gender of the patient ال |
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25 |
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00:01:37,640 --> 00:01:41,980 |
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religion المنطقة |
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26 |
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00:01:41,980 --> 00:01:45,020 |
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اللي ساكن فيها married or single children و ال |
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27 |
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00:01:45,020 --> 00:01:49,220 |
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occupation و ال income و ال exact address هذا طبعا |
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28 |
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00:01:49,220 --> 00:01:52,600 |
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بكون في ال history و ال examination sheet موجود |
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29 |
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00:01:52,600 --> 00:01:58,350 |
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الكلام و لازم نذكره بالتفصيلفي الـ General History |
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30 |
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00:01:58,350 --> 00:02:02,590 |
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زي ما حكينا نتكلم عن ال identification data of the |
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31 |
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00:02:02,590 --> 00:02:05,590 |
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patient و ال chief complaint و ال history of chief |
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32 |
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00:02:05,590 --> 00:02:08,690 |
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complaint و ال past medical history و ال past |
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33 |
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00:02:08,690 --> 00:02:11,350 |
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surgical history بالإضافة لل family history و ال |
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34 |
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00:02:11,350 --> 00:02:14,990 |
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medications و ال social history و ال review of the |
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35 |
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00:02:14,990 --> 00:02:19,930 |
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systematic .. the review of systems and functional |
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36 |
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00:02:19,930 --> 00:02:23,900 |
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inquiry of the patientطبعا خلال ال history taking |
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37 |
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00:02:23,900 --> 00:02:27,280 |
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زي ما حكينا و خلال المرور على العناصر هذه بنكون |
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38 |
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00:02:27,280 --> 00:02:30,360 |
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فكرة كمان عن ال general condition of the patient و |
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39 |
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00:02:30,360 --> 00:02:34,780 |
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عن ال general health of the patient بالاضافة ل ال |
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40 |
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00:02:34,780 --> 00:02:38,180 |
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mental و ال conscious level و الحال المزاجية و و |
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41 |
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00:02:38,180 --> 00:02:43,720 |
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الاخروكل هدا طبعا part of physical examination |
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42 |
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00:02:43,720 --> 00:02:46,920 |
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وقلنا إن ال history of the present illness بيشمل |
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43 |
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00:02:46,920 --> 00:02:50,140 |
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أكتر حاجة بيشكي منها المريض في الوقت الحالي ال |
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44 |
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00:02:50,140 --> 00:02:53,460 |
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onset and duration provoking and alleviating |
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45 |
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00:02:53,460 --> 00:02:56,280 |
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factors أو exacerbating and relieving factors |
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46 |
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00:02:56,280 --> 00:02:59,960 |
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بالإضافة ل quality of the symptoms لو كان pain ال |
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47 |
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00:02:59,960 --> 00:03:02,660 |
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symptom لنوصفه من ناحية ال quality هل هو sharp, |
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48 |
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00:03:02,860 --> 00:03:06,480 |
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dull, throbbing or distending or constricting or |
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49 |
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00:03:06,480 --> 00:03:10,520 |
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whatever or tinglingdoes the pain radiate to any |
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50 |
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00:03:10,520 --> 00:03:13,480 |
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area else بالاضافة لل severity of pain و طبعا هذا |
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51 |
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00:03:13,480 --> 00:03:18,660 |
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بنعبر عنه one out of ten او بنعبر عنه جداش بيأثر |
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52 |
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00:03:18,660 --> 00:03:22,900 |
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على ال daily activity of the patient ال timing and |
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53 |
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00:03:22,900 --> 00:03:26,300 |
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progression كيف ال pain او ال symptom من حد ما بدى |
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54 |
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00:03:26,300 --> 00:03:29,080 |
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لحد الوقت الحالي اللى أجى فيه المريض على المستشفى |
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55 |
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00:03:29,080 --> 00:03:32,460 |
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كيف صار وضع المريض و كيف اتطور الموضوع هو صار |
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56 |
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00:03:32,460 --> 00:03:38,690 |
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worse ولا better ولا constant level نفس الاشيhow |
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57 |
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00:03:38,690 --> 00:03:43,250 |
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does affect your daily life بالاضافة لهل صادفت هذا |
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58 |
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00:03:43,250 --> 00:03:46,690 |
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ال symptom قبل هيك déjà vu يعني هل صادفت ال |
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59 |
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00:03:46,690 --> 00:03:49,690 |
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symptom قبل هيك او ال pain هذا قبل هيك بالاضافة |
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60 |
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00:03:49,690 --> 00:03:52,310 |
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what do you think about this من خلال هذا ال |
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61 |
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00:03:52,310 --> 00:03:54,990 |
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outline في ال history برضه انا باخد فكرة عن ال |
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62 |
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00:03:54,990 --> 00:03:58,430 |
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physical examination في مراحله الأولى زي ما حكينا |
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63 |
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00:03:58,810 --> 00:04:01,990 |
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كل ما كان المريض بتواصل أحسن كل ما كان بيعطي |
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64 |
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00:04:01,990 --> 00:04:05,490 |
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إجابات شافية أكتر كل ما كان ال conscious level |
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65 |
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00:04:05,490 --> 00:04:08,930 |
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تبعه أفضل كل ما كان ال mental health تبعته أفضل و |
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66 |
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00:04:08,930 --> 00:04:12,270 |
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ال psychological status تبعته أفضل بيساهم في أنه |
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67 |
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00:04:12,270 --> 00:04:15,550 |
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يعطيني full history وبالتالي كمان مرة ال history |
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68 |
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00:04:15,550 --> 00:04:18,070 |
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is the first part of the physical examination |
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69 |
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00:04:20,700 --> 00:04:23,520 |
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الـ general examination is actually the first step |
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70 |
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00:04:23,520 --> 00:04:26,860 |
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of physical examination طبعا قبل ما أدخل على ال |
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71 |
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00:04:26,860 --> 00:04:32,700 |
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systematic examination system by system لازم أعمل |
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72 |
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00:04:32,700 --> 00:04:35,440 |
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general physical examination يعني general |
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73 |
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00:04:35,440 --> 00:04:38,960 |
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assessment of the patient وهو ال key component لل |
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74 |
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00:04:38,960 --> 00:04:42,170 |
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diagnostic approachطبعا ال general physical |
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75 |
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00:04:42,170 --> 00:04:45,230 |
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examination mainly بيعتمد على ال inspection which |
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76 |
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00:04:45,230 --> 00:04:48,010 |
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is the major method during the general examination |
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77 |
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00:04:48,010 --> 00:04:52,670 |
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لكن it can be combined with palpation and |
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78 |
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00:04:52,670 --> 00:04:56,630 |
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auscultation بالاضافة لل use of tactile, use of |
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79 |
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00:04:56,630 --> 00:05:00,310 |
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smelling, use of eye contact, use of auditory |
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80 |
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00:05:00,310 --> 00:05:04,210 |
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system عن طريق ال inspection ال auscultation طبعا |
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81 |
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00:05:04,210 --> 00:05:07,570 |
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كل هذه بتساهم لكن بالدرجة الأولى ال visual |
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82 |
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00:05:07,570 --> 00:05:11,450 |
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inspection is the most importantطبعا الهدف طبعه |
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83 |
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00:05:11,450 --> 00:05:13,950 |
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الرئيسي assessment of the patient general health |
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84 |
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00:05:13,950 --> 00:05:17,230 |
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and general condition هل المريض looking ill, |
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85 |
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00:05:17,630 --> 00:05:22,330 |
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looking well, looking sad, looking happy, looking |
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86 |
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00:05:22,330 --> 00:05:28,090 |
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confident or not confidentlooking safe or unsafe |
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87 |
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00:05:28,090 --> 00:05:31,210 |
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كل هذه الشغلات بكون عنها فكرة من خلال ال general |
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88 |
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00:05:31,210 --> 00:05:35,490 |
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examination وطبعا هذا بيشمل three components زي ما |
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89 |
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00:05:35,490 --> 00:05:37,710 |
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قلنا ال general physical examination ال history |
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90 |
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00:05:37,710 --> 00:05:41,010 |
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taking which has a clue for symptoms and a clue |
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91 |
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00:05:41,010 --> 00:05:44,750 |
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for how the patient is thinking او how the patient |
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92 |
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00:05:44,750 --> 00:05:47,730 |
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thinks بالاضافة لل physical examination اللي هو |
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93 |
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00:05:47,730 --> 00:05:51,030 |
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can illustrate the signs ال sign عبارة عن physical |
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94 |
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00:05:51,030 --> 00:05:54,930 |
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finding بينما ال symptom عبارة عن history finding |
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95 |
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00:05:54,930 --> 00:05:58,380 |
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او history dataبالاضافة طبعا لل investigations |
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96 |
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00:05:58,380 --> 00:06:02,620 |
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اللي هي clue for the test and are the test results |
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97 |
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00:06:02,620 --> 00:06:05,600 |
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اللي هي ال clue for diagnosis ممكن تكون لو ال |
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98 |
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00:06:05,600 --> 00:06:07,840 |
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history و ال physical examination is not enough |
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99 |
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00:06:07,840 --> 00:06:10,200 |
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for establishing the diagnosis |
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100 |
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00:06:13,320 --> 00:06:16,860 |
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طبعا في عندي عدة أشياء لازم تتوفر معايا while |
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101 |
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00:06:16,860 --> 00:06:20,160 |
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examining the patient منها إنه يكون فينا ensuring |
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102 |
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00:06:20,160 --> 00:06:24,540 |
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of a private environment في البداية طبعا we have |
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103 |
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00:06:24,540 --> 00:06:27,880 |
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to have a stethoscope بالإضافة لجهاز قياس الضغط |
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104 |
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00:06:27,880 --> 00:06:32,310 |
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اللي هو sphingomanometerThermometer لقياس الحرارة |
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105 |
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00:06:32,310 --> 00:06:35,750 |
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و torch إضاءة عشان أشوف من خلالها بعض الأشياء زي |
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106 |
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00:06:35,750 --> 00:06:41,530 |
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ال oral cavity و زي ال eyes و زي ال anal |
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107 |
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00:06:41,530 --> 00:06:45,630 |
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examination wooden tongue depressor عشان أشوف ال |
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108 |
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00:06:45,630 --> 00:06:51,450 |
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floor and the top of the mouth و أشوف ال tonsils و |
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109 |
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00:06:51,450 --> 00:06:55,250 |
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أشوف منطقة ال pharynx بالإضافة ل measuring tape |
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110 |
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00:06:55,250 --> 00:06:58,570 |
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عشان لو في أي lesion أي ماس أي إشي أجيسه بالmeter |
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111 |
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00:07:01,200 --> 00:07:04,280 |
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Examination begins the minute you first see the |
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112 |
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00:07:04,280 --> 00:07:07,500 |
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patient مجرد ما تبدأ تحكي مع ال patient هذا هي |
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113 |
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00:07:07,500 --> 00:07:10,740 |
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عبارة عن ال first step of physical examination |
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114 |
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00:07:10,740 --> 00:07:14,120 |
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والexamination continues throughout your patient |
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115 |
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00:07:14,120 --> 00:07:15,220 |
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interaction |
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116 |
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00:07:18,460 --> 00:07:21,180 |
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طبعا فينا prerequisite ال examination environment |
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117 |
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00:07:21,180 --> 00:07:24,780 |
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مهم جدا ensuring the privacy نعطي احساس لل patient |
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118 |
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00:07:24,780 --> 00:07:28,280 |
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ان هو in a private place nobody will hear nobody |
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119 |
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00:07:28,280 --> 00:07:31,880 |
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will see nobody will have any data except the |
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120 |
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00:07:31,880 --> 00:07:34,120 |
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doctor and the patient او ال surrounding |
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121 |
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00:07:34,120 --> 00:07:38,020 |
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environment سواء كان في نيرس شابيرون او واحد من ال |
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122 |
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00:07:38,020 --> 00:07:41,420 |
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first degree relatives of the patientوبالتالي |
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123 |
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00:07:41,420 --> 00:07:46,020 |
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ضروري جدا اؤكد على ال patient انه في privacy كافية |
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124 |
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00:07:46,020 --> 00:07:48,580 |
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وبالتالي لازم يحكي كل اللي بدوها لإنه once the |
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125 |
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00:07:48,580 --> 00:07:52,060 |
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patient gain confidence و اذا شعر انه safe رح يعطي |
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126 |
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00:07:52,060 --> 00:07:56,580 |
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relevant and fluent information otherwise the |
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127 |
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00:07:56,580 --> 00:07:59,380 |
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patient will be reluctant حيكون متردد جدا في انه |
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128 |
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00:07:59,380 --> 00:08:04,210 |
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يعطي اي piece of information if he feels unsafeال |
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129 |
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00:08:04,210 --> 00:08:08,390 |
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hand washing مهم جدا proper light source ال light |
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130 |
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00:08:08,390 --> 00:08:11,050 |
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source طبعا بكون بالإضافة لل torch اللى بكون ماسكه |
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131 |
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00:08:11,050 --> 00:08:13,610 |
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الدكتور فى إيده اللى هو مصدر الإضاءة بكون فى light |
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132 |
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00:08:13,610 --> 00:08:17,990 |
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source فى الأوضة نفسها و بكون كمان فى عندنا proper |
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133 |
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00:08:17,990 --> 00:08:22,910 |
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aeration system سواء كانت مروحة أو مكيف أو إذا كان |
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134 |
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00:08:23,190 --> 00:08:27,910 |
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الجو بارد يفضل يكون فيه الغرف دافية أو مش باردة |
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135 |
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00:08:27,910 --> 00:08:32,190 |
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على أساس ممكن البرودة أو الحرارة الشديدة تعمل |
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136 |
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00:08:32,190 --> 00:08:35,650 |
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distraction لل patient وتعمل كمان عنده change في |
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137 |
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00:08:35,650 --> 00:08:42,540 |
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ال general sciencePrivacy and confidentiality |
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138 |
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00:08:42,540 --> 00:08:46,660 |
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الثقة المتبادلة والخصوصية للمريض Presence of a |
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139 |
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00:08:46,660 --> 00:08:50,040 |
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chaperone مرافق نيرس لو كانت المريضة female |
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140 |
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00:08:50,040 --> 00:08:53,320 |
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Correct position of doctor and patient Ideally |
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141 |
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00:08:53,320 --> 00:08:57,580 |
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examination should be from the right side of the |
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142 |
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00:08:57,580 --> 00:09:00,060 |
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patient صحيح احنا احيانا نلجأ الى انه نغير ال |
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143 |
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00:09:00,060 --> 00:09:02,240 |
|
position ممكن نروح على ال left side و ممكن نروح |
|
|
|
144 |
|
00:09:02,240 --> 00:09:06,710 |
|
على ال end of the bedو ممكن نروح على ال head area |
|
|
|
145 |
|
00:09:06,710 --> 00:09:13,130 |
|
of the patient لكن usually في ال routine we start |
|
|
|
146 |
|
00:09:13,130 --> 00:09:16,390 |
|
from the right side and there should be a proper |
|
|
|
147 |
|
00:09:16,390 --> 00:09:19,670 |
|
exposure ع سبيل المثال لما نيجي احنا نفحص ال |
|
|
|
148 |
|
00:09:19,670 --> 00:09:22,270 |
|
abdomen we have to expose the patient from the |
|
|
|
149 |
|
00:09:22,270 --> 00:09:25,690 |
|
nipple line to the mid thighكل هذه المنطقة لازم |
|
|
|
150 |
|
00:09:25,690 --> 00:09:29,110 |
|
تكون مكشوفة من عند النبل اللي هي تقريبا عن ال |
|
|
|
151 |
|
00:09:29,110 --> 00:09:33,870 |
|
intercostal space four or five لحد ال mid thigh |
|
|
|
152 |
|
00:09:33,870 --> 00:09:38,330 |
|
region لحد منطقة منتصف الفخد ensure your hands are |
|
|
|
153 |
|
00:09:38,330 --> 00:09:42,610 |
|
warm enough لإنه برضه زي ما قلنا ال cold hands |
|
|
|
154 |
|
00:09:42,610 --> 00:09:46,690 |
|
بتعمل irritation لل patient و بتعمل distraction في |
|
|
|
155 |
|
00:09:46,690 --> 00:09:49,610 |
|
ال general physical examination نتناول ال general |
|
|
|
156 |
|
00:09:49,610 --> 00:09:54,160 |
|
appearance of the patient المظهر العام للمريضtidy |
|
|
|
157 |
|
00:09:54,160 --> 00:10:00,930 |
|
or untidy ال or looking wellhe is sad looking sad |
|
|
|
158 |
|
00:10:00,930 --> 00:10:04,910 |
|
or not sad or he is looking happy إلى آخر هي من ال |
|
|
|
159 |
|
00:10:04,910 --> 00:10:10,410 |
|
comments هاي ال hands و ال arms ال skin ال face ال |
|
|
|
160 |
|
00:10:10,410 --> 00:10:13,970 |
|
eyes ال mouth و ال neck و ال peripheral أديمة |
|
|
|
161 |
|
00:10:13,970 --> 00:10:16,390 |
|
بالإضافة لل lymph node groups بالذات ال lymph |
|
|
|
162 |
|
00:10:16,390 --> 00:10:19,450 |
|
nodes اللي موجودة في ال cervical region اللي هي في |
|
|
|
163 |
|
00:10:19,450 --> 00:10:22,770 |
|
منطقة ال neck و ال vital signs temperature pulse |
|
|
|
164 |
|
00:10:22,770 --> 00:10:27,460 |
|
respiratory rate and blood pressureكل هذه ال |
|
|
|
165 |
|
00:10:27,460 --> 00:10:30,760 |
|
components of the general physical examination |
|
|
|
166 |
|
00:10:30,760 --> 00:10:33,880 |
|
وبالتالي ال general appearance of the patient how |
|
|
|
167 |
|
00:10:33,880 --> 00:10:37,980 |
|
does the patient look like? general state of |
|
|
|
168 |
|
00:10:37,980 --> 00:10:42,100 |
|
health is he looking healthy? is he looking ill? |
|
|
|
169 |
|
00:10:42,920 --> 00:10:45,600 |
|
is he looking comfortable or looking distressed? |
|
|
|
170 |
|
00:10:46,600 --> 00:10:50,340 |
|
distressed بمعنى يعني يعني okay is he looking |
|
|
|
171 |
|
00:10:50,340 --> 00:10:53,870 |
|
happy or looking sad?is he looking irritable or |
|
|
|
172 |
|
00:10:53,870 --> 00:11:00,270 |
|
looking calm هادق أو مستثار أو عنده nervousness كل |
|
|
|
173 |
|
00:11:00,270 --> 00:11:03,890 |
|
هذه أشياء بنعلق عليها في ال general status of the |
|
|
|
174 |
|
00:11:03,890 --> 00:11:07,030 |
|
patient أو ال general state of health ال body |
|
|
|
175 |
|
00:11:07,030 --> 00:11:10,450 |
|
built في عندنا و ال nutritional statusهل ال |
|
|
|
176 |
|
00:11:10,450 --> 00:11:14,030 |
|
patient هزيل؟ هل يبدو انه underweight؟ هل يبدو انه |
|
|
|
177 |
|
00:11:14,030 --> 00:11:17,750 |
|
يعني من سوق تغذية او لا؟ ال height لازم نجيسه بال |
|
|
|
178 |
|
00:11:17,750 --> 00:11:21,010 |
|
meters ال weight لازم نجيسه بال kilograms و لازم |
|
|
|
179 |
|
00:11:21,010 --> 00:11:25,170 |
|
نحصل ال body mass index طبعا ال body mass index هو |
|
|
|
180 |
|
00:11:25,170 --> 00:11:32,020 |
|
عبارة عن نسبة ما بين الوزن على المربع الطولبال |
|
|
|
181 |
|
00:11:32,020 --> 00:11:35,540 |
|
meters الوزم بال كيلو جرام على مربع طول بال meters |
|
|
|
182 |
|
00:11:35,540 --> 00:11:39,660 |
|
في النهاية بيطلع عندنا نسبة معينة النسبة هذه طبعا |
|
|
|
183 |
|
00:11:39,660 --> 00:11:45,560 |
|
لها relevance لل patient condition هل هو thin هل |
|
|
|
184 |
|
00:11:45,560 --> 00:11:48,880 |
|
هو normal weight هل هو overweight هل هو obese او |
|
|
|
185 |
|
00:11:48,880 --> 00:11:53,910 |
|
هل هو extremely obese patientبالاضافة للطول |
|
|
|
186 |
|
00:11:53,910 --> 00:11:56,710 |
|
بيعطينا فكرة عن انه tall or short و ال muscular |
|
|
|
187 |
|
00:11:56,710 --> 00:12:00,490 |
|
structure او ال muscular build of the patient هل |
|
|
|
188 |
|
00:12:00,490 --> 00:12:04,850 |
|
هو aesthetic او cachectic بمعنى انه cachectic يعني |
|
|
|
189 |
|
00:12:04,850 --> 00:12:08,190 |
|
loss of lean body mass او loss of muscle بتصير في |
|
|
|
190 |
|
00:12:08,190 --> 00:12:10,310 |
|
المجاعات الشديدة او لما ال patient يكون عنده |
|
|
|
191 |
|
00:12:10,310 --> 00:12:13,510 |
|
severe malnutrition او بيكون بعاني من chronic |
|
|
|
192 |
|
00:12:13,510 --> 00:12:17,590 |
|
disease زي ال cancers مثلا بصير cachectia عنده |
|
|
|
193 |
|
00:12:18,870 --> 00:12:22,770 |
|
state of awareness or level of consciousness وطبعا |
|
|
|
194 |
|
00:12:22,770 --> 00:12:27,290 |
|
ال level of consciousness بنعبر عنه بطرق متعددة |
|
|
|
195 |
|
00:12:27,290 --> 00:12:31,590 |
|
منها ان ال patient is .. can communicate very well |
|
|
|
196 |
|
00:12:31,590 --> 00:12:35,670 |
|
بيقدر يعمل محادثة كويس و ممكن نعبر عنه كمان بال |
|
|
|
197 |
|
00:12:35,670 --> 00:12:37,730 |
|
glass-glass-glass-glass-glass-glass-glass-glass |
|
|
|
198 |
|
00:12:37,730 --> 00:12:39,290 |
|
-glass-glass-glass-glass-glass-glass-glass-glass |
|
|
|
199 |
|
00:12:39,290 --> 00:12:40,430 |
|
-glass-glass-glass-glass-glass-glass-glass-glass |
|
|
|
200 |
|
00:12:40,430 --> 00:12:41,770 |
|
-glass-glass-glass-glass-glass-glass-glass-gla |
|
|
|
201 |
|
00:12:41,800 --> 00:12:45,020 |
|
وبيشمل ال eye opening هل المريض فاتح عينيه ولا |
|
|
|
202 |
|
00:12:45,020 --> 00:12:48,480 |
|
مسكرهم وبيشمل كمان ال motor response of the |
|
|
|
203 |
|
00:12:48,480 --> 00:12:51,420 |
|
patient to the commands or to the response to the |
|
|
|
204 |
|
00:12:51,420 --> 00:12:55,020 |
|
pain يعني يجدش المريض بيقدر يعمل حركات بناء على |
|
|
|
205 |
|
00:12:55,020 --> 00:12:59,320 |
|
حركة أنا بطلبها منه أو بناء على painful stimulus |
|
|
|
206 |
|
00:12:59,320 --> 00:13:03,730 |
|
أنا بعمله وبالتالي this is the conscious levelال |
|
|
|
207 |
|
00:13:03,730 --> 00:13:07,010 |
|
facial features أو ال facial expression طبعا ال |
|
|
|
208 |
|
00:13:07,010 --> 00:13:11,430 |
|
face بيعكس الحال المزاجي والحال الصحية والحال |
|
|
|
209 |
|
00:13:11,430 --> 00:13:16,290 |
|
المرضية لل patient ال mood و ال attitude of the |
|
|
|
210 |
|
00:13:16,290 --> 00:13:19,830 |
|
patient ال attitude بمعنى what is the behavior كيف |
|
|
|
211 |
|
00:13:19,830 --> 00:13:23,110 |
|
ال behavior تبعه تجاه الدكتور أو تجاه ال examining |
|
|
|
212 |
|
00:13:23,110 --> 00:13:27,160 |
|
personال speech أحيانا بيكون في عنا مشاكل في |
|
|
|
213 |
|
00:13:27,160 --> 00:13:31,160 |
|
الكلام للمريض بيكون في عنده slurred speech مثلا |
|
|
|
214 |
|
00:13:31,160 --> 00:13:34,800 |
|
كلامه مشوش زي المرضى اللي عندهم جلطات في الدماغ أو |
|
|
|
215 |
|
00:13:34,800 --> 00:13:39,180 |
|
ما شبه أحيانا بيكون ال speech سريع وفيه تقطيع |
|
|
|
216 |
|
00:13:39,180 --> 00:13:42,440 |
|
dysarthria او dysphonia المريض بيقدرش يطلع صوت من |
|
|
|
217 |
|
00:13:42,440 --> 00:13:46,980 |
|
أساسه أو أن الصوت بيكون فيه hoarseness يعني بحة في |
|
|
|
218 |
|
00:13:46,980 --> 00:13:50,120 |
|
الصوت طبعا كل هذه أشياء لها underlying causes |
|
|
|
219 |
|
00:13:50,120 --> 00:13:53,910 |
|
معينةال position و ال posture و ال gate كيف المريض |
|
|
|
220 |
|
00:13:53,910 --> 00:13:59,070 |
|
بيقدر يحفظ شكل جسمه و هو واقف و هو قاعد و هو نايم |
|
|
|
221 |
|
00:13:59,070 --> 00:14:02,290 |
|
ال personal hygiene احنا بنعلق ال personal hygiene |
|
|
|
222 |
|
00:14:02,290 --> 00:14:04,970 |
|
من ناحية الملابس من ناحية نظافة الجسم من ناحية |
|
|
|
223 |
|
00:14:04,970 --> 00:14:09,210 |
|
نظافة الأسنان من ناحية نظافة الأظافر كل هذه أشياء |
|
|
|
224 |
|
00:14:09,210 --> 00:14:13,450 |
|
بتعكس ال personal hygiene بالاضافة ل ال breath and |
|
|
|
225 |
|
00:14:13,450 --> 00:14:19,940 |
|
odor النفسالنفس أحيانا بيكون في abnormality زي |
|
|
|
226 |
|
00:14:19,940 --> 00:14:22,440 |
|
المريض اللي عنده مثلا ضيابة ال ketoacidosis بيكون |
|
|
|
227 |
|
00:14:22,440 --> 00:14:28,900 |
|
النفس تبعه عامل زي ال acetone odor أو acetone |
|
|
|
228 |
|
00:14:28,900 --> 00:14:33,160 |
|
smell أو بيكون زي ريحة الفاكهة نفسه بينما ال |
|
|
|
229 |
|
00:14:33,160 --> 00:14:35,620 |
|
patient اللي بيكون عنده bad oral hygiene بيكون |
|
|
|
230 |
|
00:14:35,620 --> 00:14:40,010 |
|
النفس تبعه ريحته bad bad odorالمريض اللي بيكون فيه |
|
|
|
231 |
|
00:14:40,010 --> 00:14:44,070 |
|
عنده مثلا peritonitis أو fasting for a long time |
|
|
|
232 |
|
00:14:44,070 --> 00:14:46,870 |
|
بيكون برضه نفسه فيه كيتون كيتون smelling |
|
|
|
233 |
|
00:14:49,830 --> 00:14:53,070 |
|
فهذه الأمور طبعا we have to take into |
|
|
|
234 |
|
00:14:53,070 --> 00:14:56,450 |
|
consideration this is the general status of health |
|
|
|
235 |
|
00:14:56,450 --> 00:15:02,050 |
|
as it is reflected by numbers or by expressions |
|
|
|
236 |
|
00:15:02,050 --> 00:15:04,710 |
|
على سبيل المثال ال zero there is no heart there is |
|
|
|
237 |
|
00:15:04,710 --> 00:15:10,110 |
|
no pain اتنين في عندنا little bit four في عندنا |
|
|
|
238 |
|
00:15:10,110 --> 00:15:15,150 |
|
little more مثلا six في عندنا hearts even more and |
|
|
|
239 |
|
00:15:15,150 --> 00:15:20,780 |
|
more وتمانية hearts wholeأو a lot و عشرة the worst |
|
|
|
240 |
|
00:15:20,780 --> 00:15:25,260 |
|
pain is possible يعني أقصى درجة ألم بيشعر فيهم |
|
|
|
241 |
|
00:15:25,260 --> 00:15:28,680 |
|
طبعا هذه من الأشياء اللي ممكن نقيم من خلالها ال |
|
|
|
242 |
|
00:15:28,680 --> 00:15:31,960 |
|
patients بالذات الأطفال ال facial expressions هذه |
|
|
|
243 |
|
00:15:31,960 --> 00:15:36,100 |
|
بيكون فيه chart موجود عليها الأوجه هذه و بيقارن |
|
|
|
244 |
|
00:15:36,100 --> 00:15:39,000 |
|
الدكتور ما بين الوجه اللي مرسوم على ال chart و ما |
|
|
|
245 |
|
00:15:39,000 --> 00:15:43,360 |
|
بين ال child على أساس ان ال child مقدرش يعني يعطي |
|
|
|
246 |
|
00:15:43,360 --> 00:15:47,660 |
|
description لل severity of pain وبالتالي بنلجأ |
|
|
|
247 |
|
00:15:47,660 --> 00:15:51,640 |
|
للطريقة هذهلكن زي ما قلنا ال assessment of pain |
|
|
|
248 |
|
00:15:51,640 --> 00:15:54,880 |
|
severity أفضل طريقة هيكون فيها اللي هو عن طريق ال |
|
|
|
249 |
|
00:15:54,880 --> 00:16:00,200 |
|
.. how does it affect daily life this is the body |
|
|
|
250 |
|
00:16:00,200 --> 00:16:01,860 |
|
build of the patient, does the patient look |
|
|
|
251 |
|
00:16:01,860 --> 00:16:06,820 |
|
muscular or look normal or look overweight and |
|
|
|
252 |
|
00:16:06,820 --> 00:16:10,480 |
|
fattyIs he looking tall or short؟ ال body built |
|
|
|
253 |
|
00:16:10,480 --> 00:16:14,820 |
|
بيتناول البنية تبع الجسم و بيتناول حجم الجسم نفسه |
|
|
|
254 |
|
00:16:14,820 --> 00:16:19,880 |
|
من ناحية قصر او طول بالاضافة لنسبة ال muscle |
|
|
|
255 |
|
00:16:19,880 --> 00:16:24,120 |
|
بالمقارنة مع ال body وبالتالي في عندنا بعض ال |
|
|
|
256 |
|
00:16:24,120 --> 00:16:28,380 |
|
scaling systems أو بعض ال grading systems ممكن |
|
|
|
257 |
|
00:16:28,380 --> 00:16:32,140 |
|
نستخدمها فيه شغل زي مثلا ال anthropometric type of |
|
|
|
258 |
|
00:16:32,140 --> 00:16:35,260 |
|
the patient اللي هو anthropometric بمعنى ان هو |
|
|
|
259 |
|
00:16:35,260 --> 00:16:40,480 |
|
المقاييس الجسديةSheldons عمل يعني زي grade هيك |
|
|
|
260 |
|
00:16:40,480 --> 00:16:43,960 |
|
للمقاييس الجسدي للمريض و جال ان ال endomorphic |
|
|
|
261 |
|
00:16:43,960 --> 00:16:46,940 |
|
patient بكون الوكاريشو بكون fatty بينما ال |
|
|
|
262 |
|
00:16:46,940 --> 00:16:49,460 |
|
mesomorphic patient بيكون عنده ال muscular tissue |
|
|
|
263 |
|
00:16:49,460 --> 00:16:53,540 |
|
well grown أو بيكون فيه .. يعني muscular ال |
|
|
|
264 |
|
00:16:53,540 --> 00:16:56,080 |
|
patient بيكون بينما ال ectomorphic بيكون في عنده |
|
|
|
265 |
|
00:16:56,080 --> 00:16:59,320 |
|
permanent bones عند skin بيكون thin فال |
|
|
|
266 |
|
00:16:59,320 --> 00:17:02,080 |
|
endomorphic بيكون fat بينما ال mesomorphic بيكون |
|
|
|
267 |
|
00:17:02,080 --> 00:17:05,840 |
|
good body build و ال ectomorphic بيكون thin |
|
|
|
268 |
|
00:17:05,840 --> 00:17:10,140 |
|
patientهذه بعض ال description أو بعض ال |
|
|
|
269 |
|
00:17:10,140 --> 00:17:14,680 |
|
terminologies اللى ممكن نستخدمها لحتى نوصف البني |
|
|
|
270 |
|
00:17:14,680 --> 00:17:18,440 |
|
الجسدي للمريض طبعا فى عندنا clinical types برضه دا |
|
|
|
271 |
|
00:17:18,440 --> 00:17:22,460 |
|
ال astenic و ال hypostenic ال astenic اللى هو ال |
|
|
|
272 |
|
00:17:22,460 --> 00:17:26,480 |
|
patient بيكون ضئيل حجمه رفيه حده جليل بمعنى اخر |
|
|
|
273 |
|
00:17:26,480 --> 00:17:29,640 |
|
بالمعنى الدارج ال astenic و ال hyperstenic بيكون |
|
|
|
274 |
|
00:17:29,640 --> 00:17:34,160 |
|
فى عنده muscular tissue كتير hyperstenia او |
|
|
|
275 |
|
00:17:38,240 --> 00:17:41,020 |
|
muscular tissue بينما ال normostinic أو ال |
|
|
|
276 |
|
00:17:41,020 --> 00:17:47,780 |
|
orthostinic بيكون ال patient يعني وسط مابين انه |
|
|
|
277 |
|
00:17:47,780 --> 00:17:50,840 |
|
lean او مابين انه رفيع و مابين انه muscular يعني |
|
|
|
278 |
|
00:17:50,840 --> 00:17:55,300 |
|
within the normal rangeطبعا هذه بعض أنواع ال |
|
|
|
279 |
|
00:17:55,300 --> 00:17:59,240 |
|
statesures القوام |
|
|
|
280 |
|
00:17:59,240 --> 00:18:03,340 |
|
تبع المريض طول المفرد أو القصر المفرد زي ما بيصير |
|
|
|
281 |
|
00:18:03,340 --> 00:18:08,240 |
|
في ال growth hormone excess زي ال giganticism أو |
|
|
|
282 |
|
00:18:08,240 --> 00:18:11,000 |
|
growth hormone deficiency زي ال dwarfism مثلا هذه |
|
|
|
283 |
|
00:18:11,000 --> 00:18:14,240 |
|
كلها أشياء بتتعلق بال statesure of the patient أو |
|
|
|
284 |
|
00:18:14,240 --> 00:18:19,300 |
|
طول المريض نفسه ممكن نصادفها في بعض ال patient ال |
|
|
|
285 |
|
00:18:19,300 --> 00:18:21,180 |
|
malnourished patient زي ما احنا شايفين ال |
|
|
|
286 |
|
00:18:23,730 --> 00:18:26,250 |
|
hypostenic patients اللي فيش عندهم muscle tissue |
|
|
|
287 |
|
00:18:26,250 --> 00:18:29,470 |
|
كافي طبعا هذه case of cachexia ال cachexia دي قد |
|
|
|
288 |
|
00:18:29,470 --> 00:18:32,350 |
|
تكون نتيجة عامة nutrition مباشرة من جلة الأكل أو |
|
|
|
289 |
|
00:18:32,350 --> 00:18:35,750 |
|
نتيجة عن ال hyper metabolism زي في حالات مثلا ال |
|
|
|
290 |
|
00:18:35,750 --> 00:18:40,370 |
|
thyrotoxicosis أو ال hyperthyroidism بالاضافة لبعض |
|
|
|
291 |
|
00:18:40,370 --> 00:18:43,550 |
|
أنواع ال cancers بالذات ال advanced cancers في ال |
|
|
|
292 |
|
00:18:43,550 --> 00:18:46,730 |
|
colon أو في ال stomach أو في ال esophagus أو في ال |
|
|
|
293 |
|
00:18:47,550 --> 00:18:51,410 |
|
Pancreas and so on فكل هذه الشغلات ممكن انصادفها |
|
|
|
294 |
|
00:18:51,410 --> 00:18:54,630 |
|
في المرضى this is the body mass index طبعا ال body |
|
|
|
295 |
|
00:18:54,630 --> 00:18:57,810 |
|
mass index ممكن قياسه بعدة طرق غالبا احنا بنستخدم |
|
|
|
296 |
|
00:18:57,810 --> 00:19:02,430 |
|
رقم اتنين او sorry رقم تلاتة اللي هو ال weight بال |
|
|
|
297 |
|
00:19:02,430 --> 00:19:05,750 |
|
kilogram على مربع ال meter و طبعا هذه هي اسهل |
|
|
|
298 |
|
00:19:05,750 --> 00:19:08,770 |
|
طريقة و الطريقة الدارجة عندنا في ناس بستخدمه بال |
|
|
|
299 |
|
00:19:08,770 --> 00:19:12,320 |
|
pounds اللي هو النظام الانجليزي زي رقم اتنينو في |
|
|
|
300 |
|
00:19:12,320 --> 00:19:15,700 |
|
جداول بتكون معدلة ال body mass index بنقارن فيها |
|
|
|
301 |
|
00:19:15,700 --> 00:19:22,980 |
|
طول المريض و وزنه و في بي ام اي كالكوليتر اللي ويب |
|
|
|
302 |
|
00:19:22,980 --> 00:19:25,900 |
|
سايت معينة وبالتالي احنا بنستخدم ال direct |
|
|
|
303 |
|
00:19:25,900 --> 00:19:30,480 |
|
measurement اللي هو رقم تلاتي الوزن على مربع الطول |
|
|
|
304 |
|
00:19:30,480 --> 00:19:35,160 |
|
بالميترطبعا هاي ال body mass index over 30 is |
|
|
|
305 |
|
00:19:35,160 --> 00:19:42,240 |
|
overweight يعتبر و under 30 طبعا إذا كان من 19 ل |
|
|
|
306 |
|
00:19:42,240 --> 00:19:46,520 |
|
25 بكون within normal إذا أقل من 19 بكون within |
|
|
|
307 |
|
00:19:46,520 --> 00:19:50,450 |
|
normalunderweight level إذا ال normal من 18.5 أو |
|
|
|
308 |
|
00:19:50,450 --> 00:19:55,690 |
|
من 19 ل 24.9 بعد هيك ال overweight بعد هيك ال |
|
|
|
309 |
|
00:19:55,690 --> 00:19:58,190 |
|
obese بعد هيك ال severely obese بعد هيك ال |
|
|
|
310 |
|
00:19:58,190 --> 00:20:01,110 |
|
morbidly obese وكلمة morbidly obese يعني ال |
|
|
|
311 |
|
00:20:01,110 --> 00:20:03,970 |
|
obesity اللي بيكون معها chronic disease إذا المريض |
|
|
|
312 |
|
00:20:03,970 --> 00:20:10,390 |
|
صار في عنده cardiac أو respiratory أو metabolic |
|
|
|
313 |
|
00:20:10,390 --> 00:20:14,890 |
|
disease زي ال diabetes كل هذه او hypertension كل |
|
|
|
314 |
|
00:20:14,890 --> 00:20:20,770 |
|
هذه الأشياء تعتبر morbid obesityyes so state of |
|
|
|
315 |
|
00:20:20,770 --> 00:20:23,190 |
|
awareness or conscious level of the patient ال |
|
|
|
316 |
|
00:20:23,190 --> 00:20:26,110 |
|
mental status of the patient مهم جدا أقيمها طبعا |
|
|
|
317 |
|
00:20:26,110 --> 00:20:30,330 |
|
في عنا زحمة من المصطلحات هنا اللي بهمنا في الموضوع |
|
|
|
318 |
|
00:20:30,330 --> 00:20:33,610 |
|
انه يعني ال ان شوف وضع المريض بالنسبة ل |
|
|
|
319 |
|
00:20:33,610 --> 00:20:36,130 |
|
communication level تبعه بالنسبة لل psychological |
|
|
|
320 |
|
00:20:36,130 --> 00:20:40,130 |
|
stability للمريض بالنسبة للمزاج ال mood تبعت |
|
|
|
321 |
|
00:20:40,130 --> 00:20:45,070 |
|
المريض و نعلج عليها قد يكون المريض madأو irritable |
|
|
|
322 |
|
00:20:45,070 --> 00:20:49,610 |
|
أو يكون agitated بمعنى أنه مستثار أو معصب أو كذا |
|
|
|
323 |
|
00:20:49,610 --> 00:20:53,050 |
|
قد يكون anxious جلجان قد يكون afraid قد يكون |
|
|
|
324 |
|
00:20:53,050 --> 00:20:59,050 |
|
nervous قد يكون foggy مغيب أو يعني مش في ال full |
|
|
|
325 |
|
00:20:59,050 --> 00:21:02,050 |
|
conscious level تبعه قد يكون sad قد يكون happy أو |
|
|
|
326 |
|
00:21:02,050 --> 00:21:06,040 |
|
euphoricيعني كلها مصطلحات احنا ممكن نستخدمها بدناش |
|
|
|
327 |
|
00:21:06,040 --> 00:21:09,780 |
|
نقيد نفسنا بمصطلح معين او مجموعة مصطلحات نحفظها |
|
|
|
328 |
|
00:21:09,780 --> 00:21:13,820 |
|
بقدر ما انه نحاول نوصف ال .. ال .. ال mental |
|
|
|
329 |
|
00:21:13,820 --> 00:21:18,220 |
|
status و ال psychological status لل patient كل |
|
|
|
330 |
|
00:21:18,220 --> 00:21:21,820 |
|
مريض بمعزل عن المريض التاني يعني كل مريض له خصوصية |
|
|
|
331 |
|
00:21:21,820 --> 00:21:26,390 |
|
لوضعه وبالتالي ممكن نستخدم الوصف المناسب لإلهإذا |
|
|
|
332 |
|
00:21:26,390 --> 00:21:29,470 |
|
ال .. هل المريض mentally ill ولا لأ بمعنى هل عنده |
|
|
|
333 |
|
00:21:29,470 --> 00:21:33,070 |
|
psychological disorder كمان زي ال anxiety زي |
|
|
|
334 |
|
00:21:33,070 --> 00:21:36,050 |
|
الشيزوفرانيا زي ال major depression major |
|
|
|
335 |
|
00:21:36,050 --> 00:21:39,710 |
|
depressive disorders كل هذه أشياء ممكن تكون واردة |
|
|
|
336 |
|
00:21:39,710 --> 00:21:42,570 |
|
في المرضى اللي بنتعامل معاهم وطبعا في ال history |
|
|
|
337 |
|
00:21:42,570 --> 00:21:45,410 |
|
ممكن نلقي بعض الضوء على ال psychological illness |
|
|
|
338 |
|
00:21:45,410 --> 00:21:49,370 |
|
من خلال أنه هل ال patient عنده frequent visits ل |
|
|
|
339 |
|
00:21:49,370 --> 00:21:52,610 |
|
ال psychological clinic أو بياخد علاجات |
|
|
|
340 |
|
00:21:52,610 --> 00:21:57,990 |
|
psychoactive drugs أو ما شبه ذلكقد يكون المريض |
|
|
|
341 |
|
00:21:57,990 --> 00:22:00,730 |
|
mentally retarded في عنده تخلف عقلي mental |
|
|
|
342 |
|
00:22:00,730 --> 00:22:03,090 |
|
retardation على سبيل المثال المرضى اللي عندهم |
|
|
|
343 |
|
00:22:03,090 --> 00:22:09,690 |
|
congenital hypothyroidism الأطفال بالإضافة للأطفال |
|
|
|
344 |
|
00:22:09,690 --> 00:22:12,750 |
|
اللي بينولدوا لأمهات مدمنات على الكحول وبالتالي |
|
|
|
345 |
|
00:22:12,750 --> 00:22:15,750 |
|
فيه ال alcohol syndrome برضه ال patient اللي ممكن |
|
|
|
346 |
|
00:22:15,750 --> 00:22:18,790 |
|
يصير فيه عنده mental retardation و أشهر الحالات |
|
|
|
347 |
|
00:22:18,790 --> 00:22:21,470 |
|
طبعا اللي هي ال down syndrome اللي بيظل ال patient |
|
|
|
348 |
|
00:22:21,470 --> 00:22:24,470 |
|
عنده mental retardation من الولادة لحد طبعا ما |
|
|
|
349 |
|
00:22:24,470 --> 00:22:30,340 |
|
يكبر و يتقدم في السنةالـ facial expression أو الـ |
|
|
|
350 |
|
00:22:30,340 --> 00:22:33,740 |
|
facial features ممكن تعطينا فكرة عن ال underlying |
|
|
|
351 |
|
00:22:33,740 --> 00:22:38,250 |
|
diseaseشكل الوجه تبع المريض أو التعبير المرسوم |
|
|
|
352 |
|
00:22:38,250 --> 00:22:43,030 |
|
عليه أو مزاج المريض أو صلوك المريض تجاه الدكتور |
|
|
|
353 |
|
00:22:43,030 --> 00:22:46,310 |
|
اللي هو بنسميه ال attitude أو ال mood المزاج ال |
|
|
|
354 |
|
00:22:46,310 --> 00:22:49,170 |
|
expression التعابير وال facial feature اللي هي |
|
|
|
355 |
|
00:22:49,170 --> 00:22:52,670 |
|
ملامح الوجه okay كل هذه الشغلات ممكن تعكس ال |
|
|
|
356 |
|
00:22:52,670 --> 00:22:54,910 |
|
underlying disease على سبيل المثال ال patients |
|
|
|
357 |
|
00:22:54,910 --> 00:22:57,930 |
|
اللي بيكون وجوههم كتير فاتي و ناصحة بيسموها moon |
|
|
|
358 |
|
00:22:57,930 --> 00:23:01,560 |
|
facesو بيكون في عندهم plethora of the face يعني |
|
|
|
359 |
|
00:23:01,560 --> 00:23:05,420 |
|
حمرار في الوجنتين هدولة بيكون قد يكون في عندهم |
|
|
|
360 |
|
00:23:05,420 --> 00:23:09,460 |
|
Cushing syndrome اللي هو excessive release of |
|
|
|
361 |
|
00:23:09,460 --> 00:23:12,520 |
|
cortisol بينما المرضى اللي عندهم nephrotic |
|
|
|
362 |
|
00:23:12,520 --> 00:23:16,840 |
|
syndrome بيكون عندهم ال facial edema preorbital |
|
|
|
363 |
|
00:23:16,840 --> 00:23:20,910 |
|
edema او preorbital edemaوالـ puffy pale faces |
|
|
|
364 |
|
00:23:20,910 --> 00:23:25,130 |
|
بالإضافة للبس may be swollen نتيجة ال deposition |
|
|
|
365 |
|
00:23:25,130 --> 00:23:29,070 |
|
أو نتيجة ال accumulation of fluids in the face لأن |
|
|
|
366 |
|
00:23:29,070 --> 00:23:32,250 |
|
النفروتكس سندروم بيصير في عندهم إديمة نتيجة نقص |
|
|
|
367 |
|
00:23:32,250 --> 00:23:35,950 |
|
لبروتين وبالتالي ال fluids بتتكون في الجسم بينما |
|
|
|
368 |
|
00:23:35,950 --> 00:23:38,850 |
|
ال patients اللي عندهم myxedema أو hypothyroidism |
|
|
|
369 |
|
00:23:38,850 --> 00:23:43,330 |
|
بمعنى آخر بيكون في عندهم puffy faces بيكون في |
|
|
|
370 |
|
00:23:43,330 --> 00:23:43,870 |
|
عندهم |
|
|
|
371 |
|
00:23:47,010 --> 00:23:52,770 |
|
buffiness below the eye بالاضافة ل periorbital |
|
|
|
372 |
|
00:23:52,770 --> 00:23:55,690 |
|
edema بالاضافة طبعا ل sunken eyes بتكون ال eyes |
|
|
|
373 |
|
00:23:55,690 --> 00:23:58,570 |
|
عندهم داخلة لجوا بيكون في thinning of hairs و |
|
|
|
374 |
|
00:23:58,570 --> 00:24:00,490 |
|
بيكون عندهم pale skin |
|
|
|
375 |
|
00:24:03,060 --> 00:24:05,540 |
|
This is Parotid gland enlargement زي ما احنا |
|
|
|
376 |
|
00:24:05,540 --> 00:24:08,120 |
|
شايفين هنا ممكن تصير طبعا نتيجة different |
|
|
|
377 |
|
00:24:08,120 --> 00:24:12,460 |
|
condition ال tumors او ممكن تكون نتيجة عن |
|
|
|
378 |
|
00:24:12,460 --> 00:24:15,620 |
|
inflammation ال Acromegaly ال facial expression |
|
|
|
379 |
|
00:24:15,620 --> 00:24:19,100 |
|
فيها مميز ال patient بيكون وجهه كبير و بيكون عنده |
|
|
|
380 |
|
00:24:19,100 --> 00:24:23,380 |
|
بروز في عضمة ال mandible و بيكون عنده بروز برضه في |
|
|
|
381 |
|
00:24:23,380 --> 00:24:27,790 |
|
ال frontal boneالمريض اللي عنده Parkinson disease |
|
|
|
382 |
|
00:24:27,790 --> 00:24:31,750 |
|
بيكون في عنده stare بمعنى انه بيرمشش يعني بتطلع |
|
|
|
383 |
|
00:24:31,750 --> 00:24:35,210 |
|
staring بدون ما يرمش او رمش جليل بيكون بالاضافة |
|
|
|
384 |
|
00:24:35,210 --> 00:24:38,270 |
|
طبعا لإنه بيكون في عنده decreased mobility in the |
|
|
|
385 |
|
00:24:38,270 --> 00:24:42,270 |
|
body في ال generalطبعا this is the characteristic |
|
|
|
386 |
|
00:24:42,270 --> 00:24:44,550 |
|
plethoric appearance of a patient with Cushing |
|
|
|
387 |
|
00:24:44,550 --> 00:24:46,970 |
|
syndrome لاحظوا ال moon face وسموه moon face لأن |
|
|
|
388 |
|
00:24:46,970 --> 00:24:49,690 |
|
استدارة الوجه بتكون زي ال moon عام لنتيجة ال |
|
|
|
389 |
|
00:24:49,690 --> 00:24:54,130 |
|
deposition و ال accumulation of fat في منطقة ال |
|
|
|
390 |
|
00:24:54,130 --> 00:24:58,210 |
|
face بالاضافة طبعا لل plethora of the face اللي هي |
|
|
|
391 |
|
00:24:58,210 --> 00:25:02,050 |
|
حماري الوجنتين و حماري الوجه بصفة عامةand this is |
|
|
|
392 |
|
00:25:02,050 --> 00:25:04,630 |
|
the typical face of acromegaly لاحظوا ال prominent |
|
|
|
393 |
|
00:25:04,630 --> 00:25:08,390 |
|
mandible و ال big mandible المريض بيكون فيه عنده |
|
|
|
394 |
|
00:25:08,390 --> 00:25:13,070 |
|
long face بيكون فيه عنده enlargement في ال frontal |
|
|
|
395 |
|
00:25:13,070 --> 00:25:16,130 |
|
و ال maxillary sinuses بالاضافة لأنه بيكون فيه |
|
|
|
396 |
|
00:25:16,130 --> 00:25:19,450 |
|
عنده alveolar bone growthداخل الفم وبالتالي بيصير |
|
|
|
397 |
|
00:25:19,450 --> 00:25:24,310 |
|
عنده separation في ال teeth نتيجة ال acromegaly |
|
|
|
398 |
|
00:25:24,310 --> 00:25:26,970 |
|
طبعا ال acromegaly هو عبارة عن growth hormone |
|
|
|
399 |
|
00:25:26,970 --> 00:25:30,150 |
|
excess زيادة ال growth hormone بعد ما ال patient |
|
|
|
400 |
|
00:25:30,150 --> 00:25:34,270 |
|
يبلغ سن البلوغ لو صاروا و ال patient طفل بيصير |
|
|
|
401 |
|
00:25:34,270 --> 00:25:39,570 |
|
عنده gigantism اللي هي مرض العملقةgrowth of |
|
|
|
402 |
|
00:25:39,570 --> 00:25:42,510 |
|
mandible leads to a jutting jaw او بيسموه |
|
|
|
403 |
|
00:25:42,510 --> 00:25:47,890 |
|
prognathism يعني بروز في الماندبل this is another |
|
|
|
404 |
|
00:25:47,890 --> 00:25:52,290 |
|
acromegaly macroglossia للسان بيكون كبير بالاضافة |
|
|
|
405 |
|
00:25:52,290 --> 00:25:56,650 |
|
لل generalized visceral enlargement a broadening |
|
|
|
406 |
|
00:25:56,650 --> 00:26:00,730 |
|
and enlargement of the hands الأصابع بتكون عريضة |
|
|
|
407 |
|
00:26:00,730 --> 00:26:06,090 |
|
وبتكون سميكة بالاضافة لإنه بيصير في توسع في ال |
|
|
|
408 |
|
00:26:06,090 --> 00:26:11,420 |
|
spaces ما بين الأصابعThis is the typical face of |
|
|
|
409 |
|
00:26:11,420 --> 00:26:15,280 |
|
hyperthyroidism or thyrotoxicosis ومن أشهر الأمثلة |
|
|
|
410 |
|
00:26:15,280 --> 00:26:17,400 |
|
عليها الـ Graves disease طبعا الـ ocular |
|
|
|
411 |
|
00:26:17,400 --> 00:26:21,080 |
|
involvement أو الـ signs اللي موجودة في العين |
|
|
|
412 |
|
00:26:21,080 --> 00:26:25,220 |
|
بتلاحظها مجرد ما نعمل general assessment للـ face |
|
|
|
413 |
|
00:26:25,890 --> 00:26:28,930 |
|
بكون ال patients في عندهم بروز أو جحوظ في العينين |
|
|
|
414 |
|
00:26:28,930 --> 00:26:32,110 |
|
و هذا الكلام بيسموه طبعا exophthalmos ال |
|
|
|
415 |
|
00:26:32,110 --> 00:26:35,350 |
|
exophthalmos هو جحوظ أو بروز العينين بالاضافة طبعا |
|
|
|
416 |
|
00:26:35,350 --> 00:26:40,050 |
|
لبعض ال findings الأخرى ف this is a typical face |
|
|
|
417 |
|
00:26:40,050 --> 00:26:43,070 |
|
of exophthalmos طبعا hyperthyroidism لاحظوا ال |
|
|
|
418 |
|
00:26:43,070 --> 00:26:47,170 |
|
facial expression في steer و في nervousnessالمريض |
|
|
|
419 |
|
00:26:47,170 --> 00:26:50,550 |
|
يبدو عصبي وفي عنده stair يعني إيش stair قلنا أنه |
|
|
|
420 |
|
00:26:50,550 --> 00:26:54,510 |
|
لا يرمش كثيرا أو بيرمشش أبدا أحيانا و طبعا هذا |
|
|
|
421 |
|
00:26:54,510 --> 00:26:58,730 |
|
بيعرض ال eye لإنه يصير فيها ulceration لإنه إذا ما |
|
|
|
422 |
|
00:26:58,730 --> 00:27:01,710 |
|
رمشش المريض تنشف ال eye من جوا وبالتالي ممكن يصير |
|
|
|
423 |
|
00:27:01,710 --> 00:27:03,250 |
|
فيه عنده corneal ulcerations |
|
|
|
424 |
|
00:27:05,990 --> 00:27:08,250 |
|
this is the typical face of hypothyroidism, the |
|
|
|
425 |
|
00:27:08,250 --> 00:27:11,170 |
|
patient is looking sleepy و looking sunken eyes و |
|
|
|
426 |
|
00:27:11,170 --> 00:27:13,990 |
|
looking dull in thinking و أحيانا عند ال females |
|
|
|
427 |
|
00:27:13,990 --> 00:27:18,330 |
|
بصير في عندهم coarse voice يعني الصوت طبعهم بيخشن |
|
|
|
428 |
|
00:27:18,330 --> 00:27:20,830 |
|
بصير فيه deepening و hoarseness في ال voice |
|
|
|
429 |
|
00:27:20,830 --> 00:27:24,510 |
|
وبالتالي هذا ال face of hypothyroidism, sunken |
|
|
|
430 |
|
00:27:24,510 --> 00:27:28,270 |
|
eyes, buffiness below the eyes أو periorbital |
|
|
|
431 |
|
00:27:28,270 --> 00:27:31,960 |
|
edema أحيانا بتصيربصير ال eye تحتها زي انتفاخات |
|
|
|
432 |
|
00:27:31,960 --> 00:27:35,840 |
|
موجودة بالاضافة لل thinning of the skin and loss |
|
|
|
433 |
|
00:27:35,840 --> 00:27:39,620 |
|
of the eyelashes and eyebrows شعر الحواجب والرموش |
|
|
|
434 |
|
00:27:39,620 --> 00:27:44,360 |
|
والشعر نفسه شعر الراس بصير فيه lossthis is |
|
|
|
435 |
|
00:27:44,360 --> 00:27:47,240 |
|
acromegaly طبعا لاحظين ال development of |
|
|
|
436 |
|
00:27:47,240 --> 00:27:51,640 |
|
acromegaly و تقدم في السنوات these are typical |
|
|
|
437 |
|
00:27:51,640 --> 00:27:55,440 |
|
phases of thyrotoxicosis من فوق على الشمال و بعد |
|
|
|
438 |
|
00:27:55,440 --> 00:27:59,140 |
|
هيك في عنا ال hypothyroidism و ال acromegaly و |
|
|
|
439 |
|
00:27:59,140 --> 00:28:03,340 |
|
كمان case of acromegaly بالاضافة ل patient with |
|
|
|
440 |
|
00:28:03,340 --> 00:28:10,940 |
|
down syndrome كيف |
|
|
|
441 |
|
00:28:10,940 --> 00:28:15,580 |
|
المريض بتكلم؟وش ال language اللي بيستخدمها؟ هذه |
|
|
|
442 |
|
00:28:15,580 --> 00:28:19,420 |
|
شغلات مهمة جدا نعرف عنها في ال general physical |
|
|
|
443 |
|
00:28:19,420 --> 00:28:23,300 |
|
examination هل المريض عنده dysphonia؟ voice |
|
|
|
444 |
|
00:28:23,300 --> 00:28:27,220 |
|
impairment من الأساس بيقدرش أنه يطلع صوت ال |
|
|
|
445 |
|
00:28:27,220 --> 00:28:30,680 |
|
dysphonia قد يكون السبب فيها neurological و قد |
|
|
|
446 |
|
00:28:30,680 --> 00:28:34,120 |
|
يكون السبب فيها local زي ال vocal cord injury مثلا |
|
|
|
447 |
|
00:28:34,120 --> 00:28:37,180 |
|
أو المريض يكون عنده deep hoarseness مش قادر يطلع |
|
|
|
448 |
|
00:28:37,180 --> 00:28:41,480 |
|
صوتهdysarthria بيطلع صوت لكن الصوت بيكون ال |
|
|
|
449 |
|
00:28:41,480 --> 00:28:44,720 |
|
articulation فيه difficult يعني مفاصل الكلام |
|
|
|
450 |
|
00:28:44,720 --> 00:28:47,820 |
|
بتكونش واضحة وبالتالي ال patient بيكون عنده تأتأ |
|
|
|
451 |
|
00:28:47,820 --> 00:28:51,380 |
|
كتير بيكون في عنده صعوبة في اللفظ لكن الصوت بيطلع |
|
|
|
452 |
|
00:28:51,380 --> 00:28:54,660 |
|
نفسه بالاضافة لإنه بينجطر نفسه أثناء الحكي و بيكون |
|
|
|
453 |
|
00:28:54,660 --> 00:28:59,200 |
|
في عنده rapid speech dysarthrophonia |
|
|
|
454 |
|
00:28:59,200 --> 00:29:04,090 |
|
اتنين مع بعض dysphonia و dysarthriaمع بعضهم طبعا |
|
|
|
455 |
|
00:29:04,090 --> 00:29:06,770 |
|
هذه central nervous system caused motor neuron |
|
|
|
456 |
|
00:29:06,770 --> 00:29:11,150 |
|
disorders ممكن تسببها dysphasia impairment of |
|
|
|
457 |
|
00:29:11,150 --> 00:29:15,290 |
|
comprehension of the speech يعني المريض بيحكيش |
|
|
|
458 |
|
00:29:15,290 --> 00:29:19,070 |
|
كلمات مفهومة في ال dysphonia ممكن يحكي كلمة مفهومة |
|
|
|
459 |
|
00:29:19,070 --> 00:29:22,710 |
|
لكن الصوت تبعه يكونفي خفوض او في impairment او مش |
|
|
|
460 |
|
00:29:22,710 --> 00:29:26,330 |
|
قادر يطلعوا لكن في حالة ال dysphisia بحكي كلام غير |
|
|
|
461 |
|
00:29:26,330 --> 00:29:29,370 |
|
مفهوم un comprehensible او spoken او written |
|
|
|
462 |
|
00:29:29,370 --> 00:29:33,290 |
|
language لا بقدر يكتب كلام مفهوم ولا بقدر يحكي حكي |
|
|
|
463 |
|
00:29:33,290 --> 00:29:37,610 |
|
مفهوم و ال hoarseness طبعا ال harsh breathy voice |
|
|
|
464 |
|
00:29:37,610 --> 00:29:40,250 |
|
ال hoarseness اللي هي البحة الصوت اللي معروفة |
|
|
|
465 |
|
00:29:40,250 --> 00:29:44,690 |
|
للجميع طبعا و الأسباب تبعتهاممكن تكون إلها علاقة |
|
|
|
466 |
|
00:29:44,690 --> 00:29:46,950 |
|
بال nerve injury ممكن تكون إلها علاقة بال |
|
|
|
467 |
|
00:29:46,950 --> 00:29:49,910 |
|
infections زي ال infections of the pharynx and |
|
|
|
468 |
|
00:29:49,910 --> 00:29:53,050 |
|
larynx و أشياء كتير ممكن تسبب hoarseness أو ال |
|
|
|
469 |
|
00:29:53,050 --> 00:29:56,090 |
|
tumors في ال vocal cords و ال masses في ال larynx |
|
|
|
470 |
|
00:29:56,090 --> 00:30:01,130 |
|
أو ال trauma اللي هو الإصابات اللي بتشمل ال larynx |
|
|
|
471 |
|
00:30:01,130 --> 00:30:06,330 |
|
أو ال vocal cords ممكن تسبب hoarsenessposition and |
|
|
|
472 |
|
00:30:06,330 --> 00:30:09,150 |
|
posture طبعا refers to the patient body status and |
|
|
|
473 |
|
00:30:09,150 --> 00:30:12,470 |
|
the general way holding the body in the space يعني |
|
|
|
474 |
|
00:30:12,470 --> 00:30:16,410 |
|
كيف المريض ماسك نفسه و هو واقف و هو بيمشي و هو |
|
|
|
475 |
|
00:30:16,410 --> 00:30:21,470 |
|
جاعد وبالتالي كيف محافظ على شكل جسمه طبعا بيشمل ال |
|
|
|
476 |
|
00:30:21,470 --> 00:30:24,830 |
|
active و ال passive و ال compulsiveال active |
|
|
|
477 |
|
00:30:24,830 --> 00:30:28,970 |
|
position اللي هو المريض حر الحركة أو حر يعمل إيش |
|
|
|
478 |
|
00:30:28,970 --> 00:30:31,650 |
|
ما بده the patient can move his or her body freely |
|
|
|
479 |
|
00:30:31,650 --> 00:30:35,070 |
|
without any restriction مافيش قيود على حركة الجسم |
|
|
|
480 |
|
00:30:35,070 --> 00:30:38,890 |
|
عنده بينما ال passive position المريض مابيكونش |
|
|
|
481 |
|
00:30:38,890 --> 00:30:41,650 |
|
عنده ال free movement of the body وهد بتحصل كتير |
|
|
|
482 |
|
00:30:41,650 --> 00:30:47,760 |
|
في اللي عندهم فقدان جزء أو فقدان كله للوعياللي |
|
|
|
483 |
|
00:30:47,760 --> 00:30:51,380 |
|
بدخلوا في حالة كومة أو في حالة اغماء أو بيكون في |
|
|
|
484 |
|
00:30:51,380 --> 00:30:55,500 |
|
عندهم تشوش في مستوى الوعي أو مستوى الصحيان |
|
|
|
485 |
|
00:30:55,500 --> 00:30:59,020 |
|
وبالتالي هدول بيكونوا في passive position النوع |
|
|
|
486 |
|
00:30:59,020 --> 00:31:01,600 |
|
التالت من ال positions اللي هو ال compulsive |
|
|
|
487 |
|
00:31:01,600 --> 00:31:02,740 |
|
position |
|
|
|
488 |
|
00:31:04,890 --> 00:31:08,450 |
|
و ال compulsive position يعني position قهري مضطر |
|
|
|
489 |
|
00:31:08,450 --> 00:31:12,330 |
|
له المريض عشان يخفف من قلم معين أو عشان يتحاشى اشي |
|
|
|
490 |
|
00:31:12,330 --> 00:31:16,210 |
|
معين على سبيل المثال ال patient اللي بيكون lying |
|
|
|
491 |
|
00:31:16,210 --> 00:31:21,400 |
|
down on the back with two legs being bendingيعني |
|
|
|
492 |
|
00:31:21,400 --> 00:31:24,780 |
|
تاني رجليه و ضممهم لبطنه زي ما احنا شايفين في |
|
|
|
493 |
|
00:31:24,780 --> 00:31:29,540 |
|
الصور هنا او تاني الجذع تبعه و ضمه في حالة |
|
|
|
494 |
|
00:31:29,540 --> 00:31:33,100 |
|
fliction هذا بيكون عنده acute peritonitis لأسباب |
|
|
|
495 |
|
00:31:33,100 --> 00:31:36,680 |
|
مختلفة طبعا acute abdomen ع سبيل المثال ال patient |
|
|
|
496 |
|
00:31:36,680 --> 00:31:39,340 |
|
اللي بيكون واقف بالشكل هذا و حاطط ايده على دهره و |
|
|
|
497 |
|
00:31:39,340 --> 00:31:41,920 |
|
عامل support لدهره بيكون فيه عنده back pain او |
|
|
|
498 |
|
00:31:41,920 --> 00:31:45,340 |
|
muscle tenderness بيسموه compulsive prostrate |
|
|
|
499 |
|
00:31:45,340 --> 00:31:50,940 |
|
positioncompulsive يعني قهري و prostrate يعني مجهد |
|
|
|
500 |
|
00:31:50,940 --> 00:31:55,040 |
|
او منهك وبالتالي ال position بتاع المريض المنهك من |
|
|
|
501 |
|
00:31:55,040 --> 00:31:59,760 |
|
قلم العضلات او قلم العمود الفقري بصفة عامة |
|
|
|
502 |
|
00:31:59,760 --> 00:32:04,640 |
|
compulsive side down position زي ما احنا شايفين |
|
|
|
503 |
|
00:32:04,640 --> 00:32:10,000 |
|
هنا لما يكون ال patient عنده pain او infusion او |
|
|
|
504 |
|
00:32:10,000 --> 00:32:14,140 |
|
يكون في عنده infectionsممكن انه يعمل leaning على |
|
|
|
505 |
|
00:32:14,140 --> 00:32:18,260 |
|
المنطقة هذه او يعمل support لل waist عن طريق ايده |
|
|
|
506 |
|
00:32:18,260 --> 00:32:21,060 |
|
يحط ايده على ال waist على الخاصرة و يعمللها |
|
|
|
507 |
|
00:32:21,060 --> 00:32:25,260 |
|
support زي ما احنا شايفين بالصورة ال orthopnea |
|
|
|
508 |
|
00:32:25,260 --> 00:32:28,060 |
|
عبارة عن position و عبارة عن نوع التنفس ال |
|
|
|
509 |
|
00:32:28,060 --> 00:32:31,520 |
|
orthopnea ان المريض دائمابيحاول يظل في sitting |
|
|
|
510 |
|
00:32:31,520 --> 00:32:34,780 |
|
position أو standing position عشان يقدر ياخد نفس |
|
|
|
511 |
|
00:32:34,780 --> 00:32:38,460 |
|
لكن لو نام لكن لو صار في الوضع المستلقي تماما اللي |
|
|
|
512 |
|
00:32:38,460 --> 00:32:42,440 |
|
هو 180 درجة بيصير في عنده خنجة في النفس وبالتالي |
|
|
|
513 |
|
00:32:42,440 --> 00:32:45,600 |
|
Orthopnea بيصير عنده shortness of breath هو نايم |
|
|
|
514 |
|
00:32:45,600 --> 00:32:48,760 |
|
وبالتالي بضطر ينعدل أو بضطر ينام زي ما احنا شايفين |
|
|
|
515 |
|
00:32:48,760 --> 00:32:51,620 |
|
على كرسي ويحط مخدات عشان يظل قاعد في sitting أو |
|
|
|
516 |
|
00:32:51,620 --> 00:32:54,640 |
|
semi sitting position وهدول ال patients طبعا |
|
|
|
517 |
|
00:32:54,640 --> 00:32:59,540 |
|
بيكونوا في عندهم cardiac او pulmonary diseaseالـ |
|
|
|
518 |
|
00:32:59,540 --> 00:33:03,160 |
|
squat-down position القرفصاء و القرفصاء هدولة |
|
|
|
519 |
|
00:33:03,160 --> 00:33:05,320 |
|
بيجاولها ال patients اللي بيكون عندهم congenital |
|
|
|
520 |
|
00:33:05,320 --> 00:33:10,200 |
|
heart disease زي ال congenital ال atrial septal |
|
|
|
521 |
|
00:33:10,200 --> 00:33:12,680 |
|
defect و ال ventricular septal defect بالاضافة |
|
|
|
522 |
|
00:33:12,680 --> 00:33:14,920 |
|
لفلوت تترالوجي بالاضافة ل |
|
|
|
523 |
|
00:33:17,890 --> 00:33:22,950 |
|
valvostenosis كل هذه أشياء ممكن تؤدي لإن ال |
|
|
|
524 |
|
00:33:22,950 --> 00:33:26,310 |
|
patient keeping the squat position يقعد القرفصاء |
|
|
|
525 |
|
00:33:26,310 --> 00:33:30,690 |
|
عشان يضيع ال سينوسس و يضيع الخنجل اللي عنده ال |
|
|
|
526 |
|
00:33:30,690 --> 00:33:35,650 |
|
compulsive rest positionاللي هو ال patient بيحاول |
|
|
|
527 |
|
00:33:35,650 --> 00:33:40,190 |
|
يعمل rest أثناء ال activity عشان يتحاشى ال chest |
|
|
|
528 |
|
00:33:40,190 --> 00:33:42,070 |
|
pain اللي بيصير فيه عنده في حالة ال angina |
|
|
|
529 |
|
00:33:42,070 --> 00:33:46,230 |
|
pectoris مثلا وبالتالي قهريا بيضطر انه يجلس بيضطر |
|
|
|
530 |
|
00:33:46,230 --> 00:33:50,550 |
|
انه يخفض مستوى ال activity تبعه عشان يتحاشى وجود |
|
|
|
531 |
|
00:33:50,550 --> 00:33:54,960 |
|
ال chest painالـ Opistotonos عبارة عن rigidity of |
|
|
|
532 |
|
00:33:54,960 --> 00:33:57,900 |
|
the back muscles عبارة عن شغلة بتصير في ال back |
|
|
|
533 |
|
00:33:57,900 --> 00:34:00,520 |
|
muscles زي ما احنا شايفين hyper extension of the |
|
|
|
534 |
|
00:34:00,520 --> 00:34:05,980 |
|
back muscle نتيجة وجود infection مثلا زي التيتانوس |
|
|
|
535 |
|
00:34:05,980 --> 00:34:09,020 |
|
this |
|
|
|
536 |
|
00:34:09,020 --> 00:34:11,540 |
|
is the typical position of patients with chronic |
|
|
|
537 |
|
00:34:11,540 --> 00:34:16,040 |
|
obstructive pulmonary diseaseبكون ال patient نحيف |
|
|
|
538 |
|
00:34:16,040 --> 00:34:18,420 |
|
كتير مال nourished بكون في عنده prominent في ال |
|
|
|
539 |
|
00:34:18,420 --> 00:34:21,640 |
|
intercostal spaces بالاضافة لأنه بكون زي ما نقدم |
|
|
|
540 |
|
00:34:21,640 --> 00:34:27,420 |
|
لقدام و بكون في عنده ال lips الشفايف طبعته بكون |
|
|
|
541 |
|
00:34:27,420 --> 00:34:33,080 |
|
زميمها على بعض و باخد نفس من خلالها عشان يعني يقدر |
|
|
|
542 |
|
00:34:33,080 --> 00:34:36,760 |
|
ياخد oxygen بالدرجة الكافية و يطلع النفس البطء |
|
|
|
543 |
|
00:34:36,760 --> 00:34:40,220 |
|
نوعا ما و بالتالي بعمل استفادة من ال oxygen |
|
|
|
544 |
|
00:34:40,220 --> 00:34:44,240 |
|
بالدرجة القصوىطبعا ال gate شكل المشي تبع المريض |
|
|
|
545 |
|
00:34:44,240 --> 00:34:46,960 |
|
مهم جدا نعلق عليه طبعا ال gate abnormalities ممكن |
|
|
|
546 |
|
00:34:46,960 --> 00:34:50,260 |
|
المريض يكون hemiplegic وبالتالي تكون عنده شلل في |
|
|
|
547 |
|
00:34:50,260 --> 00:34:53,560 |
|
إيدمه رجل على نفس الجهة ممكن يكون المريض عنده |
|
|
|
548 |
|
00:34:53,560 --> 00:34:55,740 |
|
Parkinson زي ما احنا شايفين في الصورة التانية |
|
|
|
549 |
|
00:34:55,740 --> 00:35:01,070 |
|
rigid statureو ممكن يكون في عنده cerebellar ataxia |
|
|
|
550 |
|
00:35:01,070 --> 00:35:04,630 |
|
فبالتالي بيكونش متوازن و هو ماشي او بيكون في عنده |
|
|
|
551 |
|
00:35:04,630 --> 00:35:06,890 |
|
foot drop نتيجة ال peripheral nerve injury |
|
|
|
552 |
|
00:35:06,890 --> 00:35:09,930 |
|
وبالتالي بيكون يعرج على رجل واحدة او بيكون في عنده |
|
|
|
553 |
|
00:35:09,930 --> 00:35:12,930 |
|
sensory ataxia زي ما احنا شايفين في الصورة بيكون |
|
|
|
554 |
|
00:35:12,930 --> 00:35:17,830 |
|
بيخبط رجله خبط على الأرض و هو ماشي طبعا هذه كلها |
|
|
|
555 |
|
00:35:17,830 --> 00:35:21,950 |
|
أنواع من ال gateمش مهم نحفظ هذه الأشياء و كل ماشية |
|
|
|
556 |
|
00:35:21,950 --> 00:35:24,750 |
|
ايش النوع اللي ب .. اللي بسببها أو المرض اللي |
|
|
|
557 |
|
00:35:24,750 --> 00:35:28,350 |
|
بسببها لكن الفكرة اللي بدأ أوصلها في كل الأشياء |
|
|
|
558 |
|
00:35:28,350 --> 00:35:31,430 |
|
اللي ذكرناها و الأمثلة اللي ذكرناها انه ال patient |
|
|
|
559 |
|
00:35:31,430 --> 00:35:36,010 |
|
ممكن يعاني من ماشية غير طبيعية ممكن يعاني من |
|
|
|
560 |
|
00:35:36,010 --> 00:35:38,910 |
|
position غير طبيعي ممكن يعاني من صوت غير طبيعي |
|
|
|
561 |
|
00:35:38,910 --> 00:35:45,160 |
|
ممكن يعاني من وزن او body build غير طبيعيوبالتالي |
|
|
|
562 |
|
00:35:45,160 --> 00:35:47,880 |
|
هذه المعلق عليها في ال general physical |
|
|
|
563 |
|
00:35:47,880 --> 00:35:52,160 |
|
examination لإنه بيكون غالبا يعني due to |
|
|
|
564 |
|
00:35:52,160 --> 00:35:56,800 |
|
underlying condition personal hygiene مهم جداال |
|
|
|
565 |
|
00:35:56,800 --> 00:35:59,160 |
|
personal hygiene اللي هو ال body in general هل |
|
|
|
566 |
|
00:35:59,160 --> 00:36:02,120 |
|
المريض جسمه نظيف او لا؟ هل يعني بيعمل good |
|
|
|
567 |
|
00:36:02,120 --> 00:36:06,040 |
|
hygiene؟ بنظف نفسه او لا؟ ال oral hygiene بالاضافة |
|
|
|
568 |
|
00:36:06,040 --> 00:36:09,900 |
|
كمان ال dental hygiene الأسنان بالاضافة ل ال tooth |
|
|
|
569 |
|
00:36:09,900 --> 00:36:14,680 |
|
بالاضافة لل nails و ال hands و ال foot طبعا و ال |
|
|
|
570 |
|
00:36:14,680 --> 00:36:18,680 |
|
breath بمعنى اخرطبعا ال breath hygiene له علاقة |
|
|
|
571 |
|
00:36:18,680 --> 00:36:22,860 |
|
كمان بال dental hygiene او بال tooth hygiene ال |
|
|
|
572 |
|
00:36:22,860 --> 00:36:25,040 |
|
nails قد يكون فيها clubbing قد يكون فيها |
|
|
|
573 |
|
00:36:25,040 --> 00:36:27,720 |
|
coelonychia زي المعلقة بكون شكلها وهذا بتيجي في |
|
|
|
574 |
|
00:36:27,720 --> 00:36:30,240 |
|
المرضى اللي عندهم iron deficiency anemia |
|
|
|
575 |
|
00:36:30,240 --> 00:36:33,500 |
|
اللوكونيكيا ممكن تصير في ال chronic diseases زي ال |
|
|
|
576 |
|
00:36:33,500 --> 00:36:35,400 |
|
heart و ال pulmonary disease و ال palmar |
|
|
|
577 |
|
00:36:35,400 --> 00:36:38,220 |
|
arrhythmia بتصير في ال patients اللي عندهم liver |
|
|
|
578 |
|
00:36:38,220 --> 00:36:40,760 |
|
cirrhosis او portal hypertension |
|
|
|
579 |
|
00:36:44,950 --> 00:36:48,390 |
|
برضه ال portal hypertension و liver cirrhosis اللي |
|
|
|
580 |
|
00:36:48,390 --> 00:36:50,970 |
|
هي بتكون contracture of the palm of the hand اللي |
|
|
|
581 |
|
00:36:50,970 --> 00:36:55,310 |
|
هو الجزء الأمامي من الإيد، راحة الإيد بالاضافة لل |
|
|
|
582 |
|
00:36:55,310 --> 00:36:58,470 |
|
hepatic flabbing tremor المريض بيكون عنده رجف شديد |
|
|
|
583 |
|
00:36:58,470 --> 00:37:03,890 |
|
جدا في إيده نتيجة ال hepatic أو نتيجة liver |
|
|
|
584 |
|
00:37:03,890 --> 00:37:07,580 |
|
cirrhosisSo this is the clubbing of the fingers |
|
|
|
585 |
|
00:37:07,580 --> 00:37:12,060 |
|
طبعا فيه test بنعمله ال test على الجهة اليسار |
|
|
|
586 |
|
00:37:12,060 --> 00:37:17,640 |
|
normal بيسموه شمرث window إذا المريض عمل |
|
|
|
587 |
|
00:37:17,640 --> 00:37:20,380 |
|
opposition لل index fingers تبعته و ظهر ال window |
|
|
|
588 |
|
00:37:20,380 --> 00:37:23,280 |
|
هذا اللي شكله زي ال diamond عامل بيكون طبيعي |
|
|
|
589 |
|
00:37:23,280 --> 00:37:25,860 |
|
المريض بينما على الجهة التانية لما يكون في |
|
|
|
590 |
|
00:37:25,860 --> 00:37:29,520 |
|
clubbing بيظهرش انها diamond shapeاللي بيسموه شمرث |
|
|
|
591 |
|
00:37:29,520 --> 00:37:33,120 |
|
ويندو بيظهر عنا زي ما احنا شايفين هنا angle |
|
|
|
592 |
|
00:37:33,120 --> 00:37:36,560 |
|
between the nail matrices او between the origin of |
|
|
|
593 |
|
00:37:36,560 --> 00:37:40,440 |
|
the nails وبالتالي هنا بيكون فيه clubbing لاحظوا |
|
|
|
594 |
|
00:37:40,440 --> 00:37:44,540 |
|
الشمرث ويندو موجود في ال normal على الجهة اليسار |
|
|
|
595 |
|
00:37:44,540 --> 00:37:47,600 |
|
تحت في الصورة وعلى الجهة اليمين في عندنا clubbing |
|
|
|
596 |
|
00:37:47,600 --> 00:37:52,340 |
|
fingers اكتر من طريقة نقيم فيها ال clubbing من |
|
|
|
597 |
|
00:37:52,340 --> 00:37:58,070 |
|
ضمنها الشمرث ويندو او الشمرث signبالاضافة ل هل في |
|
|
|
598 |
|
00:37:58,070 --> 00:38:04,250 |
|
elevation ما بين ال distal phalangeal joints و ما |
|
|
|
599 |
|
00:38:04,250 --> 00:38:09,750 |
|
بين ال interphalangeal joints هل في بينهم elevated |
|
|
|
600 |
|
00:38:09,750 --> 00:38:14,640 |
|
angle او لا لكن اسهل طريقة هي الشمرث windowهذه |
|
|
|
601 |
|
00:38:14,640 --> 00:38:17,660 |
|
كويلونيكيا كويلونيكيا في iron deficiency أنيميا |
|
|
|
602 |
|
00:38:17,660 --> 00:38:21,980 |
|
والكويلونيكيا والبارونيكيا واللوكونيكيا موجودة في |
|
|
|
603 |
|
00:38:21,980 --> 00:38:26,180 |
|
ال heart and pulmonary disease نيكوتين استييننغ قد |
|
|
|
604 |
|
00:38:26,180 --> 00:38:28,340 |
|
يكون موجود في الأضافر للمرضى اللي بيكونوا chronic |
|
|
|
605 |
|
00:38:28,340 --> 00:38:32,320 |
|
smokers بدخنوا كتير و نيكولايسيز تأكل الأضافر |
|
|
|
606 |
|
00:38:32,320 --> 00:38:35,880 |
|
نتيجة وجود malnutrition أو نتيجة وجود infection |
|
|
|
607 |
|
00:38:35,880 --> 00:38:39,060 |
|
Paronechia اللي هو infection of the area |
|
|
|
608 |
|
00:38:39,060 --> 00:38:43,630 |
|
surrounding the nailبالاضافة للـ Onychomycosis |
|
|
|
609 |
|
00:38:43,630 --> 00:38:46,010 |
|
اللي هو الـ fungal infection of the nails these |
|
|
|
610 |
|
00:38:46,010 --> 00:38:48,170 |
|
are the hands palmar erythema the butyrin |
|
|
|
611 |
|
00:38:48,170 --> 00:38:56,900 |
|
contracture and so on palmar erythemayes this is |
|
|
|
612 |
|
00:38:56,900 --> 00:39:01,040 |
|
infarction في ال splinter hemorrhage أو |
|
|
|
613 |
|
00:39:01,040 --> 00:39:03,140 |
|
infarctions بيسموه بتيجي في ال infective |
|
|
|
614 |
|
00:39:03,140 --> 00:39:05,640 |
|
endocarditis على ال right side على ال left side |
|
|
|
615 |
|
00:39:05,640 --> 00:39:08,240 |
|
بينما على ال right side في عندنا ال finger |
|
|
|
616 |
|
00:39:08,240 --> 00:39:11,280 |
|
الوسطاني ال middle finger فيه بياض سارتالور نتيجة |
|
|
|
617 |
|
00:39:11,280 --> 00:39:15,120 |
|
ال spasm of the muscles spasm of the arteries the |
|
|
|
618 |
|
00:39:15,120 --> 00:39:18,080 |
|
muscle of the arteries وهذه بتصير طبعا في ال |
|
|
|
619 |
|
00:39:18,080 --> 00:39:20,400 |
|
renaud syndrome ال renaud syndrome عبارة عن |
|
|
|
620 |
|
00:39:20,400 --> 00:39:22,940 |
|
vasospastic disease of the small vessels of the |
|
|
|
621 |
|
00:39:22,940 --> 00:39:26,960 |
|
hands and legsبيظهر أكتر مع البرودة مع برودة الجو |
|
|
|
622 |
|
00:39:26,960 --> 00:39:31,740 |
|
والأجواء الشديدة البرودة this is pellagra of the |
|
|
|
623 |
|
00:39:31,740 --> 00:39:34,380 |
|
skin and pigmentation of the skin ممكن نلاحظها في |
|
|
|
624 |
|
00:39:34,380 --> 00:39:37,260 |
|
ال general appearance نتيجة ال niacin deficiency |
|
|
|
625 |
|
00:39:39,950 --> 00:39:43,590 |
|
اللي هو واحد من ال vitamins ال spider nevi اللي هي |
|
|
|
626 |
|
00:39:43,590 --> 00:39:46,470 |
|
عبارة عن telangiectasia التوسع في الأوعية الدموية |
|
|
|
627 |
|
00:39:46,470 --> 00:39:50,330 |
|
الصغيرة اللي موجودة تحت ال skin في ال arms أو في |
|
|
|
628 |
|
00:39:50,330 --> 00:39:53,490 |
|
ال forearms ال bruising ال bruising اللي هي |
|
|
|
629 |
|
00:39:53,490 --> 00:39:58,730 |
|
الكدمات أو الرشح الدموي اللي بيصير تحت ال skin و |
|
|
|
630 |
|
00:39:58,730 --> 00:40:03,290 |
|
طبعا هذا ال bruising بيعكس platelet dysfunction أو |
|
|
|
631 |
|
00:40:03,290 --> 00:40:05,890 |
|
platelet decrease in number بيكون فيه نقص في |
|
|
|
632 |
|
00:40:05,890 --> 00:40:08,510 |
|
الصفاح الدموية أو بيكون فيه مشكلة في ال |
|
|
|
633 |
|
00:40:08,510 --> 00:40:12,130 |
|
coagulation mechanismال wasting of the muscles, |
|
|
|
634 |
|
00:40:12,250 --> 00:40:14,950 |
|
muscle wasting بتكون ناتجة عن malnutrition أو وجود |
|
|
|
635 |
|
00:40:14,950 --> 00:40:18,030 |
|
chronic disease و ال scratch marks المريض بيحك |
|
|
|
636 |
|
00:40:18,030 --> 00:40:21,830 |
|
كتير نتيجة مثلا وجود long standing jaundice أو |
|
|
|
637 |
|
00:40:21,830 --> 00:40:24,530 |
|
chronic cholestasis المريض بيكون يعاني من jaundice |
|
|
|
638 |
|
00:40:24,530 --> 00:40:27,190 |
|
وبالتالي ال jaundice هذا ال blue ribbon irritant |
|
|
|
639 |
|
00:40:27,190 --> 00:40:31,690 |
|
لل skin بتركم و بيعمل irritation بيعمل scratching |
|
|
|
640 |
|
00:40:31,690 --> 00:40:36,850 |
|
عند المريض أو بيعمل itchingال face و ال eyes في |
|
|
|
641 |
|
00:40:36,850 --> 00:40:39,850 |
|
أشياء كتير في ال face و ال eyes ممكن لاحظها على |
|
|
|
642 |
|
00:40:39,850 --> 00:40:42,310 |
|
سبيل المثال في المرضى اللي عندهم iron deficiency و |
|
|
|
643 |
|
00:40:42,310 --> 00:40:46,030 |
|
أنيميا in general بيكون عندهم ال conjunctiva pale |
|
|
|
644 |
|
00:40:46,030 --> 00:40:50,290 |
|
لما نيجي نفحص ال conjunctiva تحت ال eye بنمسك ال |
|
|
|
645 |
|
00:40:50,290 --> 00:40:54,640 |
|
lower eyelid و بنشده لتحتاللي هو جفن الأيان السفلي |
|
|
|
646 |
|
00:40:54,640 --> 00:41:00,180 |
|
و بنشوف ال conjunctive الداخلية إذا كان لونها أحمر |
|
|
|
647 |
|
00:41:00,180 --> 00:41:04,160 |
|
وردي أو لونها باهت على بياض إذا كانت على بياضها دي |
|
|
|
648 |
|
00:41:04,160 --> 00:41:07,760 |
|
بتكون .. ممكن تكون علامة على أنيميا ال sclera |
|
|
|
649 |
|
00:41:07,760 --> 00:41:11,260 |
|
بنشوف من خلالها ال jaundice أو العيرايتس العيرايتس |
|
|
|
650 |
|
00:41:11,260 --> 00:41:14,360 |
|
بتيجي في ال patients اللي عندهمchronic |
|
|
|
651 |
|
00:41:14,360 --> 00:41:17,080 |
|
inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease and |
|
|
|
652 |
|
00:41:17,080 --> 00:41:20,520 |
|
ulcerative colitis ال كايسر فريشر فريشر رينج اللي |
|
|
|
653 |
|
00:41:20,520 --> 00:41:23,320 |
|
هي ال رينج اللي بتكون حوالين ال آيراس اللي بيكون |
|
|
|
654 |
|
00:41:23,320 --> 00:41:25,940 |
|
لونها بياض على سفار موجود في ال willson's disease |
|
|
|
655 |
|
00:41:25,940 --> 00:41:30,740 |
|
او ال copper storage disease اللي هو النحاس العنصر |
|
|
|
656 |
|
00:41:30,740 --> 00:41:36,100 |
|
النحاس بيبدأ يصير فيه تخزين زيادة عن اللازم في ال |
|
|
|
657 |
|
00:41:36,100 --> 00:41:38,830 |
|
liver وبالتالي بيؤدي ل willson's diseaseالـ |
|
|
|
658 |
|
00:41:38,830 --> 00:41:42,030 |
|
Xanthelisma هي عبارة عن الـ fat deposition اللي |
|
|
|
659 |
|
00:41:42,030 --> 00:41:45,530 |
|
موجودة في جفون العين وهي بتعكس primary biliary |
|
|
|
660 |
|
00:41:45,530 --> 00:41:48,510 |
|
cirrhosis أو hyperlipidemia الـ Parotid |
|
|
|
661 |
|
00:41:48,510 --> 00:41:51,290 |
|
enlargement في الألكوهول بيكون ال patient عنده |
|
|
|
662 |
|
00:41:51,290 --> 00:41:53,570 |
|
أسيمتري في ال face بيكون one of the parotid is |
|
|
|
663 |
|
00:41:53,570 --> 00:41:56,350 |
|
larger than the other one this is jaundice and |
|
|
|
664 |
|
00:41:56,350 --> 00:41:59,310 |
|
this is the eye expression of the jaundice طبعا |
|
|
|
665 |
|
00:41:59,310 --> 00:42:01,430 |
|
واضح اليالي which is discoloration of the sclera |
|
|
|
666 |
|
00:42:03,060 --> 00:42:05,960 |
|
الـ P conjunctiva due to severe anemia ممكن |
|
|
|
667 |
|
00:42:05,960 --> 00:42:10,200 |
|
نلاحظها في ال examination conjunctival color due |
|
|
|
668 |
|
00:42:10,200 --> 00:42:14,620 |
|
to anemia and this is the jaundice بنشوفه في ال |
|
|
|
669 |
|
00:42:14,620 --> 00:42:18,200 |
|
eyes بنقل المريض يتطلع لفوق و بنفحص ال sclera في |
|
|
|
670 |
|
00:42:18,200 --> 00:42:23,600 |
|
الجفن السفلاني أو الجفن السفلي أو عند الجفن العلوي |
|
|
|
671 |
|
00:42:23,600 --> 00:42:29,400 |
|
وبالتالي بنشوف إذا في jaundice أو لا ال normalHand |
|
|
|
672 |
|
00:42:29,400 --> 00:42:31,320 |
|
بالمقارنة مع الـ jaundiced hand، لاحظوا الـ |
|
|
|
673 |
|
00:42:31,320 --> 00:42:33,680 |
|
yellowish discoloration of the skin، yellowish |
|
|
|
674 |
|
00:42:33,680 --> 00:42:38,760 |
|
change of the hand color، yes this is the |
|
|
|
675 |
|
00:42:38,760 --> 00:42:42,000 |
|
jaundice، different types of jaundice في ال face، |
|
|
|
676 |
|
00:42:42,000 --> 00:42:46,220 |
|
في ال eyes و في ال hands Parotid enlargement في |
|
|
|
677 |
|
00:42:46,220 --> 00:42:50,100 |
|
الأيكوليزم و عندها نزنتلسمة، fat builds up under |
|
|
|
678 |
|
00:42:50,100 --> 00:42:54,060 |
|
the surface of the skin، بالذات في منطقة الجفون، |
|
|
|
679 |
|
00:42:54,060 --> 00:42:58,670 |
|
اللي هي fat depositionفي ال mouth فينا ال breath |
|
|
|
680 |
|
00:42:58,670 --> 00:43:02,110 |
|
زي ما قلنا و فينا ال lips angular stomatitis قد |
|
|
|
681 |
|
00:43:02,110 --> 00:43:05,990 |
|
يكون له علاقة بالبعض ال chronic conditions او له |
|
|
|
682 |
|
00:43:05,990 --> 00:43:10,550 |
|
علاقة بال oral and skin cancers التهيبات الشفة |
|
|
|
683 |
|
00:43:10,550 --> 00:43:14,630 |
|
اللي هي الشفة او كيليايتس ال ulcerations ممكن |
|
|
|
684 |
|
00:43:14,630 --> 00:43:17,190 |
|
نلاحظها زي ال aftus ulcers اللي بتيجي في ال بهجة |
|
|
|
685 |
|
00:43:17,190 --> 00:43:20,830 |
|
ال disease او ال baccal ulcerations اللي موجودة في |
|
|
|
686 |
|
00:43:20,830 --> 00:43:24,730 |
|
ال viral infections اللي هي ال ulceration بتكون |
|
|
|
687 |
|
00:43:24,730 --> 00:43:29,590 |
|
داخل الفم من جواأو ال pigmentation of the lips |
|
|
|
688 |
|
00:43:29,590 --> 00:43:33,750 |
|
اللي هي زي في حالات ال polyposis في حالات بيس جيجر |
|
|
|
689 |
|
00:43:33,750 --> 00:43:37,290 |
|
سندروم مثلا اللي هو ال hammer tomatoes polyposis |
|
|
|
690 |
|
00:43:37,290 --> 00:43:40,070 |
|
في ال colon بالإضافة لإنه بيكون في عنا |
|
|
|
691 |
|
00:43:40,070 --> 00:43:44,210 |
|
pigmentation of the skin في ال gums في الجينجيفيتس |
|
|
|
692 |
|
00:43:44,210 --> 00:43:47,230 |
|
و ال bleeding ال candida و ال pigmentation ال |
|
|
|
693 |
|
00:43:47,230 --> 00:43:50,030 |
|
tongue atrophic glucitis and leukoplakia |
|
|
|
694 |
|
00:43:52,260 --> 00:43:56,280 |
|
اللوكوبلاكيا طبعا هي عبارة عن بُقع بيضة على |
|
|
|
695 |
|
00:43:56,280 --> 00:43:59,160 |
|
الإلسان بتكون قد يكون إلها علاقة بال cancer of the |
|
|
|
696 |
|
00:43:59,160 --> 00:44:02,180 |
|
tongue أو بال inflammatory conditions of the |
|
|
|
697 |
|
00:44:02,180 --> 00:44:06,340 |
|
tongue زي مثلا ال fungal infections atrophic |
|
|
|
698 |
|
00:44:06,340 --> 00:44:09,760 |
|
glossitis and thrush ال thrush هو عبارة عن غشاء |
|
|
|
699 |
|
00:44:09,760 --> 00:44:12,320 |
|
أبيض بيكون على الإلسان موجود في ال viral |
|
|
|
700 |
|
00:44:12,320 --> 00:44:16,380 |
|
infections في |
|
|
|
701 |
|
00:44:16,380 --> 00:44:20,670 |
|
ال neck and the chest we have to observe forأي |
|
|
|
702 |
|
00:44:20,670 --> 00:44:25,070 |
|
أسيمتري في الـ neck؟ هل في كتل؟ هل في أي أسيمتري؟ |
|
|
|
703 |
|
00:44:25,070 --> 00:44:27,250 |
|
جهة من الـ neck لا تشبه الجهة الأخرى؟ ال right |
|
|
|
704 |
|
00:44:27,250 --> 00:44:29,890 |
|
side لا تشبه ال left side؟ أو في مشكلة موجودة على |
|
|
|
705 |
|
00:44:29,890 --> 00:44:32,510 |
|
ال right مش موجودة على ال left؟ ال lift |
|
|
|
706 |
|
00:44:32,510 --> 00:44:34,810 |
|
supraclavicular fossa اللي هي ال virtuose lymph |
|
|
|
707 |
|
00:44:34,810 --> 00:44:38,050 |
|
node مهم جدا هذه lymph node موجودة في ال |
|
|
|
708 |
|
00:44:38,050 --> 00:44:41,740 |
|
superclavicular region على ال left sideاهميتها ان |
|
|
|
709 |
|
00:44:41,740 --> 00:44:46,000 |
|
لو صار فيها lymphadenopathy لازم نشك ان في cancer |
|
|
|
710 |
|
00:44:46,000 --> 00:44:48,700 |
|
below the diaphragm يعني في ال stomach او في ال |
|
|
|
711 |
|
00:44:48,700 --> 00:44:51,820 |
|
colon وبالتالي بيسموها virtue sign هنا |
|
|
|
712 |
|
00:44:51,820 --> 00:44:55,820 |
|
gynecomastia قد يكون ال patient عنده gynecomastia |
|
|
|
713 |
|
00:44:55,820 --> 00:44:58,740 |
|
ال male patient نتيجة hormonal disturbance او |
|
|
|
714 |
|
00:44:58,740 --> 00:45:04,500 |
|
نتيجة ال tumor و ال symmetry of the chest هل ال |
|
|
|
715 |
|
00:45:04,500 --> 00:45:09,540 |
|
chest يبدو symmetrical او لأThis is the typical |
|
|
|
716 |
|
00:45:09,540 --> 00:45:12,420 |
|
face of hyperthyroidism زي ما احنا شايفين ال |
|
|
|
717 |
|
00:45:12,420 --> 00:45:14,920 |
|
Exophthalmos و ال guiter اللي موجود في ال neck ال |
|
|
|
718 |
|
00:45:14,920 --> 00:45:18,820 |
|
mass اللي موجود في ال neck ال skin طبعا هو ال |
|
|
|
719 |
|
00:45:18,820 --> 00:45:21,340 |
|
external surface و ال external cover of the body |
|
|
|
720 |
|
00:45:21,340 --> 00:45:25,120 |
|
ال skin is the largest organ of the body one of |
|
|
|
721 |
|
00:45:25,120 --> 00:45:27,900 |
|
the best indications of general health ال skin |
|
|
|
722 |
|
00:45:27,900 --> 00:45:31,120 |
|
condition سواء من ناحية ال color من ناحية وجود |
|
|
|
723 |
|
00:45:31,120 --> 00:45:33,980 |
|
masses عليه من ناحية وجود lesions و من ناحية كمان |
|
|
|
724 |
|
00:45:34,320 --> 00:45:37,520 |
|
integrity of the skin هل هو healthy skin ولا لا |
|
|
|
725 |
|
00:45:37,520 --> 00:45:40,640 |
|
ولا فيه علامات malnutrition او علامات فقدان |
|
|
|
726 |
|
00:45:40,640 --> 00:45:45,520 |
|
السوائل او علامات تشقق او علامات ulcerations كل |
|
|
|
727 |
|
00:45:45,520 --> 00:45:49,180 |
|
هذه أشياء بتعكس ال general health so the |
|
|
|
728 |
|
00:45:49,180 --> 00:45:51,940 |
|
examination of the skin is dependent on inspection |
|
|
|
729 |
|
00:45:51,940 --> 00:45:55,360 |
|
mainly but palpation of the skin lesion must also |
|
|
|
730 |
|
00:45:55,360 --> 00:45:58,790 |
|
be performedطبعا ال color changes can include |
|
|
|
731 |
|
00:45:58,790 --> 00:46:04,070 |
|
color ال skin can be pale باهة لونه زي حالات |
|
|
|
732 |
|
00:46:04,070 --> 00:46:07,610 |
|
الانيميا او حالات ال cyanosis اللي بيكون لونه على |
|
|
|
733 |
|
00:46:07,610 --> 00:46:11,310 |
|
زراج yellowish skin في حالة ال jaundice او |
|
|
|
734 |
|
00:46:11,310 --> 00:46:14,750 |
|
الاكتراص redness of the skin في حالة ال infections |
|
|
|
735 |
|
00:46:14,750 --> 00:46:17,110 |
|
او في حالة بعض ال metabolic او ال endocrine |
|
|
|
736 |
|
00:46:17,110 --> 00:46:21,750 |
|
diseases pigmentation of the skinزي في حالات الـ |
|
|
|
737 |
|
00:46:21,750 --> 00:46:25,130 |
|
pigmented lesion أو الـ melanoma مثلا بالإضافة للـ |
|
|
|
738 |
|
00:46:25,130 --> 00:46:27,950 |
|
discoloration ال discoloration قد يشمل أشياء |
|
|
|
739 |
|
00:46:27,950 --> 00:46:31,850 |
|
متعددة قد يكون pigmented lesions و قد يكون |
|
|
|
740 |
|
00:46:31,850 --> 00:46:35,330 |
|
pigmented مع reddish discoloration أو مع جوندس |
|
|
|
741 |
|
00:46:35,330 --> 00:46:39,690 |
|
يعني combination of things أو loss of the pigment |
|
|
|
742 |
|
00:46:39,690 --> 00:46:46,350 |
|
of the skin اللي احنا بنسميه vitiligo اللي هو loss |
|
|
|
743 |
|
00:46:46,350 --> 00:46:49,770 |
|
of melanin discoloration due to loss of melanin |
|
|
|
744 |
|
00:46:50,260 --> 00:46:53,280 |
|
طبعا this is the cyanosis peripheral cyanosis of |
|
|
|
745 |
|
00:46:53,280 --> 00:46:58,840 |
|
the hands below the nail matrix زي ما احنا شايفين |
|
|
|
746 |
|
00:46:58,840 --> 00:47:02,080 |
|
هنا طبعا هذه كتير بتيجي في المرضى اللي عندهم |
|
|
|
747 |
|
00:47:02,080 --> 00:47:05,420 |
|
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ال cyanosis |
|
|
|
748 |
|
00:47:05,420 --> 00:47:09,580 |
|
او نتيجة ال cardiac disease heart disease طبعا |
|
|
|
749 |
|
00:47:09,580 --> 00:47:12,280 |
|
this is central cyanosis of the tongue بالمقارنة |
|
|
|
750 |
|
00:47:12,280 --> 00:47:12,940 |
|
مع ال normal |
|
|
|
751 |
|
00:47:16,070 --> 00:47:21,650 |
|
cyanosis of the nails of the toes of the foot |
|
|
|
752 |
|
00:47:21,650 --> 00:47:24,850 |
|
erythema of the face تحت زي ما احنا شايفين هنا |
|
|
|
753 |
|
00:47:24,850 --> 00:47:28,230 |
|
ممكن تيجي ل different conditions infectious او |
|
|
|
754 |
|
00:47:28,230 --> 00:47:32,190 |
|
metabolic او endocrine conditions او allergy |
|
|
|
755 |
|
00:47:32,190 --> 00:47:37,910 |
|
حساسية ممكن اشياء كتير تسببها طبعا this is |
|
|
|
756 |
|
00:47:37,910 --> 00:47:43,800 |
|
different types of cyanosis فوقفى ال infants |
|
|
|
757 |
|
00:47:43,800 --> 00:47:46,660 |
|
الصغار اللى بيكون فى عندهم congenital heart |
|
|
|
758 |
|
00:47:46,660 --> 00:47:52,380 |
|
disease yes this |
|
|
|
759 |
|
00:47:52,380 --> 00:47:55,620 |
|
is peripheral vascular disease زى ما احنا شايفينه |
|
|
|
760 |
|
00:47:55,620 --> 00:47:58,340 |
|
هنا ال discoloration of the skin كل هذا ع ال skin |
|
|
|
761 |
|
00:47:58,340 --> 00:48:01,960 |
|
بيظهر discoloration of the skin of the foot فى ال |
|
|
|
762 |
|
00:48:01,960 --> 00:48:04,460 |
|
peripheral vascular disease لما يكون فى عندنا تضيق |
|
|
|
763 |
|
00:48:04,460 --> 00:48:07,100 |
|
فى الشرايين او يكون فى atherosclerosis او يكون فى |
|
|
|
764 |
|
00:48:07,100 --> 00:48:11,650 |
|
stenosisكل هذه الأشياء ممكن تؤدي لـ change في ال |
|
|
|
765 |
|
00:48:11,650 --> 00:48:13,870 |
|
skin color, discoloration زي ما احنا شايفين في |
|
|
|
766 |
|
00:48:13,870 --> 00:48:16,630 |
|
مناطق غامجة، مناطق pigmented غامج أو ischemic |
|
|
|
767 |
|
00:48:16,630 --> 00:48:19,830 |
|
areas او ممكن يصير فيه ulceration بالاضافة لإنه |
|
|
|
768 |
|
00:48:19,830 --> 00:48:23,510 |
|
لما نيجي نحس ال pulse بنلاقي ال pulse ضعيفة او مش |
|
|
|
769 |
|
00:48:23,510 --> 00:48:24,030 |
|
موجودة |
|
|
|
770 |
|
00:48:26,870 --> 00:48:29,070 |
|
الفيتالايجو اللي هو ال discoloration, loss of |
|
|
|
771 |
|
00:48:29,070 --> 00:48:32,310 |
|
pigment, loss of melanin pigment بعض المناطق بيكون |
|
|
|
772 |
|
00:48:32,310 --> 00:48:35,470 |
|
فيها loss of melanin deposition وبالتالي بتظهر |
|
|
|
773 |
|
00:48:35,470 --> 00:48:38,990 |
|
بياض واضح هنا زي الجزر بتكون عاملة الفيتالايجو قد |
|
|
|
774 |
|
00:48:38,990 --> 00:48:42,370 |
|
يكون زي ما احنا شايفين هنا في مناطق عن مناطق وقد |
|
|
|
775 |
|
00:48:42,370 --> 00:48:48,170 |
|
يكون البنزم بالكامليعني مهق بالكامل كل الجسم عبارة |
|
|
|
776 |
|
00:48:48,170 --> 00:48:51,150 |
|
عن Vataligo بالإضافة للشعر بالإضافة للون الغنان و |
|
|
|
777 |
|
00:48:51,150 --> 00:48:54,550 |
|
الورموش و هذه الشغلات يمكن انتوا شوفتوها في |
|
|
|
778 |
|
00:48:54,550 --> 00:48:57,550 |
|
حياتكوا كتير عند بعض الناس اللي هو ال albinism |
|
|
|
779 |
|
00:48:57,550 --> 00:49:02,830 |
|
Locoplacia طبعا ال Locoplacia قد تكون بسبب ان ال |
|
|
|
780 |
|
00:49:02,830 --> 00:49:06,360 |
|
tongue بده يصير فيه tumorcancer في ال tongue |
|
|
|
781 |
|
00:49:06,360 --> 00:49:09,820 |
|
وبالتالي بتعتبر precancerous lesion وكجينالية |
|
|
|
782 |
|
00:49:09,820 --> 00:49:12,360 |
|
أحيانا leukoplakia بتكون patches developed in the |
|
|
|
783 |
|
00:49:12,360 --> 00:49:16,400 |
|
female external genitalia غير ال tongue طبعا وطبعا |
|
|
|
784 |
|
00:49:16,400 --> 00:49:20,440 |
|
هذه الشغلات تستدعي أنه يعني diagnostic workup to |
|
|
|
785 |
|
00:49:20,440 --> 00:49:23,540 |
|
rule out cancer of the skin or cancer of the |
|
|
|
786 |
|
00:49:23,540 --> 00:49:27,600 |
|
tongueالراشز أنواعها كتير ال skin rash على ال skin |
|
|
|
787 |
|
00:49:27,600 --> 00:49:30,620 |
|
طبعا frequently one manifestation of systemic |
|
|
|
788 |
|
00:49:30,620 --> 00:49:33,320 |
|
disease وبالتالي they are important for the |
|
|
|
789 |
|
00:49:33,320 --> 00:49:36,720 |
|
diagnosis of some special disease طبعا different |
|
|
|
790 |
|
00:49:36,720 --> 00:49:39,280 |
|
rash may occur في ال infectious disease, |
|
|
|
791 |
|
00:49:40,840 --> 00:49:43,300 |
|
dermatological disease or drug or allergic |
|
|
|
792 |
|
00:49:43,300 --> 00:49:46,240 |
|
material كل هذه الأسباب بتسبب انه يصير فيه rash |
|
|
|
793 |
|
00:49:46,240 --> 00:49:49,960 |
|
على ال skin او يصير في عندنا pigmented lesions |
|
|
|
794 |
|
00:49:49,960 --> 00:49:56,890 |
|
طبعا ال rash هذيالها عدة أوصاف ممكن تكون regular |
|
|
|
795 |
|
00:49:56,890 --> 00:50:00,430 |
|
or irregular pattern وممكن تكون sharp or dull |
|
|
|
796 |
|
00:50:00,430 --> 00:50:03,530 |
|
edges طبعا ال type of rashes في عندنا ال macules |
|
|
|
797 |
|
00:50:03,530 --> 00:50:06,750 |
|
ال macules عبارة عن البقع الملونة وفي عندنا ال |
|
|
|
798 |
|
00:50:06,750 --> 00:50:09,590 |
|
rosula اللي كل لونها وردي البقع اللي لونها وردي |
|
|
|
799 |
|
00:50:09,590 --> 00:50:12,310 |
|
وفي بيكون عندنا ال papules اللي بتكون elevated |
|
|
|
800 |
|
00:50:12,310 --> 00:50:15,630 |
|
over the surface of the skin يعني أعلى من مستوى |
|
|
|
801 |
|
00:50:15,630 --> 00:50:19,700 |
|
سطح ال skin اللي محيط فيهاوفي maculopapular بيكون |
|
|
|
802 |
|
00:50:19,700 --> 00:50:22,180 |
|
اتنين موجودين مع بعض وفي عندنا ال articaria اللي |
|
|
|
803 |
|
00:50:22,180 --> 00:50:26,300 |
|
هي بتكون عبارة عن بقع كبيرة نتيجة الحساسية الشديدة |
|
|
|
804 |
|
00:50:26,300 --> 00:50:29,980 |
|
او نتيجة الحق الشديدة بتظهر elevated above the |
|
|
|
805 |
|
00:50:29,980 --> 00:50:33,520 |
|
surface of the skin و بتختفي لما تختفي الحساسية |
|
|
|
806 |
|
00:50:33,520 --> 00:50:40,420 |
|
these are the macules في ال neck areathe change of |
|
|
|
807 |
|
00:50:40,420 --> 00:50:43,160 |
|
the skin texture و ال thickness طبعا بكونش موجود |
|
|
|
808 |
|
00:50:43,160 --> 00:50:47,360 |
|
فيها زي this is the rosula rosula of the abdomen |
|
|
|
809 |
|
00:50:47,360 --> 00:50:51,440 |
|
yes موجودة هذه الأشياء برضه في infectious disease |
|
|
|
810 |
|
00:50:51,440 --> 00:50:54,780 |
|
في ال scarlet fever على سبيل المثال في ال children |
|
|
|
811 |
|
00:50:55,590 --> 00:51:00,590 |
|
أو drug rashes أو في ال measles ال papule elevated |
|
|
|
812 |
|
00:51:00,590 --> 00:51:03,870 |
|
over the surface of the skin فهذا بميزها عن ال |
|
|
|
813 |
|
00:51:03,870 --> 00:51:06,410 |
|
macule و ال macule و ال papule both of them |
|
|
|
814 |
|
00:51:06,410 --> 00:51:08,110 |
|
combined with each other و فيه يعني ان ال |
|
|
|
815 |
|
00:51:08,110 --> 00:51:11,050 |
|
articaria اللي هي ال hives هذه اللي بتكون raised |
|
|
|
816 |
|
00:51:11,050 --> 00:51:15,570 |
|
red discs بتكون عاملة زي ال discs زي الأقراس هيكة |
|
|
|
817 |
|
00:51:15,570 --> 00:51:18,710 |
|
above the surface of the skin و they are often |
|
|
|
818 |
|
00:51:18,710 --> 00:51:22,630 |
|
very itchywhich come and go مجرد ما تروح الحساسية |
|
|
|
819 |
|
00:51:22,630 --> 00:51:26,270 |
|
بتروح ال hives هذه و بترجع لما ترجع الحساسية قد |
|
|
|
820 |
|
00:51:26,270 --> 00:51:29,650 |
|
يكون ال skin فيه allergy لبعض الأطعمة او لبعض ال |
|
|
|
821 |
|
00:51:29,650 --> 00:51:34,790 |
|
chemical materials او لبعض الانواع الصابون مثلا او |
|
|
|
822 |
|
00:51:34,790 --> 00:51:39,530 |
|
كذا او حساسية ملابس نفسها او غبرة في الجو كل هذه |
|
|
|
823 |
|
00:51:39,530 --> 00:51:43,300 |
|
الأشياء ممكن تسبب ال articaria او ال hivesthis is |
|
|
|
824 |
|
00:51:43,300 --> 00:51:46,700 |
|
the herpes zoster virus و skin condition في ال |
|
|
|
825 |
|
00:51:46,700 --> 00:51:50,440 |
|
herpes zoster اللي بيكون في عيننا vesicles يعني |
|
|
|
826 |
|
00:51:50,440 --> 00:51:56,280 |
|
أكياس صغير فجاجيع فيها ميه أو فيها سائل this is |
|
|
|
827 |
|
00:51:56,280 --> 00:51:59,160 |
|
the subcutaneous hemorrhage bleeding into the skin |
|
|
|
828 |
|
00:51:59,160 --> 00:52:01,980 |
|
طبعا subcutaneous hemorrhage ممكن يكون انها شقة عن |
|
|
|
829 |
|
00:52:01,980 --> 00:52:05,830 |
|
ال traumaواحد أخله ضرب في وجهه أو أخله بوكس في |
|
|
|
830 |
|
00:52:05,830 --> 00:52:08,630 |
|
وجهه ممكن تصير فيه أن زراعك في المنطقة و الدم يرشح |
|
|
|
831 |
|
00:52:08,630 --> 00:52:11,870 |
|
تحت ال skin و يتجمع وبالتالي هذا بيكون سببها لل |
|
|
|
832 |
|
00:52:11,870 --> 00:52:14,650 |
|
trauma أو بيكون سببها مشكلة في ال calculation |
|
|
|
833 |
|
00:52:14,650 --> 00:52:18,930 |
|
mechanism أو مشكلة في ال platelet mechanismو في |
|
|
|
834 |
|
00:52:18,930 --> 00:52:21,650 |
|
عندنا عدة أوصاف للموضوع هذا على سبيل المثال ال |
|
|
|
835 |
|
00:52:21,650 --> 00:52:24,830 |
|
small hemorrhage او ال small blood under the skin |
|
|
|
836 |
|
00:52:24,830 --> 00:52:27,390 |
|
اللي بيكون ال size تبعه اقل من اتنين ميلي متر |
|
|
|
837 |
|
00:52:27,390 --> 00:52:31,430 |
|
بنسميه petechia بينما ال perpura من تلاتة لخمس ملي |
|
|
|
838 |
|
00:52:31,430 --> 00:52:34,790 |
|
بيكون حجم بقعة الدم اللي تحت ال skin بينما ال |
|
|
|
839 |
|
00:52:34,790 --> 00:52:39,470 |
|
ecchymosis بيكون اكتر من five ملي متر اذا كان ال |
|
|
|
840 |
|
00:52:39,470 --> 00:52:43,430 |
|
lesion اكبر من هيك او التجمع الدموي اكبر من هيك |
|
|
|
841 |
|
00:52:43,430 --> 00:52:46,970 |
|
بيعمل swelling و ممكن يقد لحاجة بيسموها hematoma |
|
|
|
842 |
|
00:52:47,220 --> 00:52:50,260 |
|
وبالتالي هذه المصطلحات ممكن نفرق بينها ما بين الـ |
|
|
|
843 |
|
00:52:50,260 --> 00:52:54,040 |
|
Petechia , البربرا, ال Echemosis و ال Hematoma |
|
|
|
844 |
|
00:52:56,280 --> 00:53:00,160 |
|
Spider Angioma أو Spider Nevi هي عبارة عن توسع |
|
|
|
845 |
|
00:53:00,160 --> 00:53:03,160 |
|
للأوعية الدموية الصغيرة على سطح الجلب طبعا ال |
|
|
|
846 |
|
00:53:03,160 --> 00:53:07,280 |
|
spider angioma عبارة عن lesion تبكيكاليهات رد دوط |
|
|
|
847 |
|
00:53:07,280 --> 00:53:11,720 |
|
في الوسط وردش اكستنشر راديات اخرج من بعض المقاومة |
|
|
|
848 |
|
00:53:11,720 --> 00:53:15,800 |
|
يكون عامل زي أشعة الشمس وطبعا هذه بتكثر جدا في |
|
|
|
849 |
|
00:53:15,800 --> 00:53:19,860 |
|
liver disease spider angioma موجودة على سطح ال |
|
|
|
850 |
|
00:53:19,860 --> 00:53:24,620 |
|
skinو بالتالي موجودة في liver disease و لو كانت |
|
|
|
851 |
|
00:53:24,620 --> 00:53:28,100 |
|
هذه ال dilated vessels موجودة حوالين الأنضلايكاس |
|
|
|
852 |
|
00:53:28,100 --> 00:53:31,860 |
|
في ال veins حوالين الأنضلايكاس بيسموها Capotmedosa |
|
|
|
853 |
|
00:53:31,860 --> 00:53:39,190 |
|
spider angiomaإديمة Excessive build-up of a fluid |
|
|
|
854 |
|
00:53:39,190 --> 00:53:42,050 |
|
in the tissues طبعا either occurs throughout the |
|
|
|
855 |
|
00:53:42,050 --> 00:53:45,750 |
|
body الإديمة هي عبارة عن تراكم السوائل في الجسم |
|
|
|
856 |
|
00:53:45,750 --> 00:53:49,130 |
|
وبالتالي بتأدي لgeneralized swelling أو بتكون |
|
|
|
857 |
|
00:53:49,130 --> 00:53:52,890 |
|
limited لمنطقة معينة من الجسم localized swelling |
|
|
|
858 |
|
00:53:52,890 --> 00:53:55,670 |
|
لو كانت generalized بتكون أكتر حاجة يلها relation |
|
|
|
859 |
|
00:53:55,670 --> 00:53:59,310 |
|
لل cardiac disease أو ال .. أو ال .. renal disease |
|
|
|
860 |
|
00:53:59,310 --> 00:54:02,110 |
|
زي ال nephrotic syndrome مثلا أو زي ال congestive |
|
|
|
861 |
|
00:54:02,110 --> 00:54:05,370 |
|
heart failureبينما لو كانت localized بيكون السبب |
|
|
|
862 |
|
00:54:05,370 --> 00:54:09,770 |
|
فيها مشكلة في المنطقة اللي صارت فيها الإديمة it |
|
|
|
863 |
|
00:54:09,770 --> 00:54:14,090 |
|
can be either pitting لو ضغطنا عليها بتعمل حفرة أو |
|
|
|
864 |
|
00:54:14,090 --> 00:54:17,710 |
|
non-pitting يعني لو ضغطنا عليها بترجع لشكلها |
|
|
|
865 |
|
00:54:17,710 --> 00:54:20,150 |
|
الطبيعي ل swelling الطبيعي زي ال أسفنج لما نضغط |
|
|
|
866 |
|
00:54:20,150 --> 00:54:23,590 |
|
عليها و بعدين نرفع إيدنا عنها بينما ال pitting |
|
|
|
867 |
|
00:54:23,590 --> 00:54:27,470 |
|
إديمة زي لما نحط إيدنا في رمل البحر مثلا حط إصبع |
|
|
|
868 |
|
00:54:27,470 --> 00:54:30,630 |
|
في رمل البحر وبالتالي بصير حفرة مكان الإصبع الحفرة |
|
|
|
869 |
|
00:54:30,630 --> 00:54:35,660 |
|
هذه بتجهد لبعض الوجد قبل ما تختفيطبعا ممكن تكون ال |
|
|
|
870 |
|
00:54:35,660 --> 00:54:38,540 |
|
edema mild, moderate or severe ال facial edema, |
|
|
|
871 |
|
00:54:38,660 --> 00:54:42,380 |
|
peripheral edema, mild type زي الحالات اللي بتصير |
|
|
|
872 |
|
00:54:42,380 --> 00:54:43,880 |
|
مثلا في ال .. |
|
|
|
873 |
|
00:54:46,740 --> 00:54:48,960 |
|
في ال face نتيجة endocrine disease و |
|
|
|
874 |
|
00:54:48,960 --> 00:54:52,300 |
|
hypothyroidism مثلا ال moderate generalized edema |
|
|
|
875 |
|
00:54:52,300 --> 00:54:54,380 |
|
و ال severe generalized edema اللي بتصير في كل |
|
|
|
876 |
|
00:54:54,380 --> 00:54:57,520 |
|
أنحاء ال body وهذه بتكون نتيجة غالبا عن congestive |
|
|
|
877 |
|
00:54:57,520 --> 00:55:02,440 |
|
heart failure او severe renal disease او renal |
|
|
|
878 |
|
00:55:02,440 --> 00:55:06,310 |
|
failurethis is the pitting اديمة لاحظوا بعد الضغط |
|
|
|
879 |
|
00:55:06,310 --> 00:55:10,770 |
|
الحفرة دلت مكانها pitting وفي non pitting اللي هو |
|
|
|
880 |
|
00:55:10,770 --> 00:55:14,950 |
|
بترجع لنفسها طبعا كل ما كانت ال pitting اديمة اكتر |
|
|
|
881 |
|
00:55:14,950 --> 00:55:18,570 |
|
كل ما زاد ال grade تبعها وبالتالي mild pitting |
|
|
|
882 |
|
00:55:18,570 --> 00:55:23,690 |
|
moderate pitting and severe pitting كلها بنعملها |
|
|
|
883 |
|
00:55:23,690 --> 00:55:27,610 |
|
grading من خلال جديش صار في حفرة مع الدغط على ال |
|
|
|
884 |
|
00:55:27,610 --> 00:55:30,630 |
|
skin وجديش طولت الحفرة هذه لما رجعت لوضعها الطبيعي |
|
|
|
885 |
|
00:55:34,950 --> 00:55:38,290 |
|
yes this is periorbital edema found in a patient |
|
|
|
886 |
|
00:55:38,290 --> 00:55:41,590 |
|
with thyrotoxicosis لاحظوا ال protrusion of the |
|
|
|
887 |
|
00:55:41,590 --> 00:55:44,690 |
|
eyeballs بالاضافة لل periorbital edema اللي موجودة |
|
|
|
888 |
|
00:55:44,690 --> 00:55:49,850 |
|
كأنه في small abdomen below the eyes او small fat |
|
|
|
889 |
|
00:55:49,850 --> 00:55:53,810 |
|
او fat deposition below the eyes طبعا هذه typical |
|
|
|
890 |
|
00:55:53,810 --> 00:55:56,570 |
|
face of Graves disease thyrotoxicosis |
|
|
|
891 |
|
00:55:58,520 --> 00:56:01,100 |
|
Examination of the lymph nodes and inspection of |
|
|
|
892 |
|
00:56:01,100 --> 00:56:03,920 |
|
the lymph nodes of the neck مهم جدا ال lymph nodes |
|
|
|
893 |
|
00:56:03,920 --> 00:56:07,480 |
|
are distributed all over the body ال general |
|
|
|
894 |
|
00:56:07,480 --> 00:56:09,620 |
|
physical examination can only palpate the |
|
|
|
895 |
|
00:56:09,620 --> 00:56:12,760 |
|
superficial lymph nodes سواء اللي موجودة في ال |
|
|
|
896 |
|
00:56:12,760 --> 00:56:16,060 |
|
neck اللي موجودة في ال head اللي موجودة في ال |
|
|
|
897 |
|
00:56:16,060 --> 00:56:19,540 |
|
axilla و اللي موجودة في ال inguinal area و اللي |
|
|
|
898 |
|
00:56:19,540 --> 00:56:25,840 |
|
موجودة في منطقة ال elbowهذه كلها بنفحصها في حالات |
|
|
|
899 |
|
00:56:25,840 --> 00:56:28,880 |
|
ال general physical examination ولاحظوا ال lymph |
|
|
|
900 |
|
00:56:28,880 --> 00:56:31,160 |
|
node groups هنا اللي موجودة في ال head و في ال |
|
|
|
901 |
|
00:56:31,160 --> 00:56:35,240 |
|
neck palpation of the cervical lymph nodes مهم |
|
|
|
902 |
|
00:56:37,410 --> 00:56:39,930 |
|
بالإضافة هذه هي الـ lymph node groups اللي موجودة |
|
|
|
903 |
|
00:56:39,930 --> 00:56:42,750 |
|
في الـ neck في عندنا تحت الدق المباشرة و تحت |
|
|
|
904 |
|
00:56:42,750 --> 00:56:46,190 |
|
المندب المباشرة submental و submandibular بعدين في |
|
|
|
905 |
|
00:56:46,190 --> 00:56:48,010 |
|
عندنا ال tonsillar lymph nodes و في عندنا ال |
|
|
|
906 |
|
00:56:48,010 --> 00:56:51,590 |
|
jugular lymph nodes و في عندنا ال superclavicular |
|
|
|
907 |
|
00:56:51,590 --> 00:56:55,430 |
|
lymph nodes و ال posterior triangle lymph nodes |
|
|
|
908 |
|
00:56:55,430 --> 00:56:59,970 |
|
بالإضافة طبعا ل ال para |
|
|
|
909 |
|
00:57:03,570 --> 00:57:06,410 |
|
Paratracial lymph nodes اللي موجودة في منتصف العنق |
|
|
|
910 |
|
00:57:06,410 --> 00:57:09,910 |
|
تماما كل هذه we have to palpate في ال general |
|
|
|
911 |
|
00:57:09,910 --> 00:57:12,190 |
|
physical examination هذه بعض الأنواع اللي بصير |
|
|
|
912 |
|
00:57:12,190 --> 00:57:15,270 |
|
فيها cervical lymphadenopathy massive right sided |
|
|
|
913 |
|
00:57:15,270 --> 00:57:18,310 |
|
cervical lymphadenopathy due to metastatic disease |
|
|
|
914 |
|
00:57:18,310 --> 00:57:21,830 |
|
وفي هذه الحالة ال metastatic disease هو عبارة عن |
|
|
|
915 |
|
00:57:21,830 --> 00:57:25,570 |
|
cancer intraoral squamous cell carcinomaThis is |
|
|
|
916 |
|
00:57:25,570 --> 00:57:28,730 |
|
the palpation of the elbow lymph node Epitropial |
|
|
|
917 |
|
00:57:28,730 --> 00:57:31,490 |
|
lymph node وهذا ال palpation of the axilla بالذات |
|
|
|
918 |
|
00:57:31,490 --> 00:57:33,550 |
|
في ال patients اللي عندهم breast pathology أو |
|
|
|
919 |
|
00:57:33,550 --> 00:57:36,570 |
|
breast mass We have to palpate the axilla very |
|
|
|
920 |
|
00:57:36,570 --> 00:57:40,330 |
|
thoroughly يعني بعناية شديدة جدا This is the |
|
|
|
921 |
|
00:57:40,330 --> 00:57:42,370 |
|
palpation of the axilla و طبعا هنا ال left |
|
|
|
922 |
|
00:57:42,370 --> 00:57:44,910 |
|
axillary lymphadenopathy قد تكون ناتجة عن breast |
|
|
|
923 |
|
00:57:44,910 --> 00:57:48,570 |
|
cancer و قد تكون ناتجة عن skin cancer في منطقة ال |
|
|
|
924 |
|
00:57:48,570 --> 00:57:52,750 |
|
chest أو في منطقة ال upper abdomenThis is the |
|
|
|
925 |
|
00:57:52,750 --> 00:57:56,850 |
|
vertial lymph node على ال left side اللي هي عبارة |
|
|
|
926 |
|
00:57:56,850 --> 00:58:00,150 |
|
عن superclavicular lymph node و ال vertial rule |
|
|
|
927 |
|
00:58:00,150 --> 00:58:03,730 |
|
بتقول كالتالي if you have vertial lymphadenopathy |
|
|
|
928 |
|
00:58:03,730 --> 00:58:07,270 |
|
يعني lift superclavicular lymph node enlargement |
|
|
|
929 |
|
00:58:07,270 --> 00:58:11,490 |
|
you have to suspect cancer below the diaphragm في |
|
|
|
930 |
|
00:58:11,490 --> 00:58:14,410 |
|
منطقة ال abdomen بمعنى آخر و بالذات ال stomach |
|
|
|
931 |
|
00:58:14,410 --> 00:58:14,950 |
|
cancer |
|
|
|
932 |
|
00:58:17,610 --> 00:58:20,510 |
|
This is the dilated veins اللي هي الـ varicose |
|
|
|
933 |
|
00:58:20,510 --> 00:58:22,950 |
|
veins برضه بنلاحظها على ال skin في ال general |
|
|
|
934 |
|
00:58:22,950 --> 00:58:26,630 |
|
physical examination ال lymph nodes طبعا ممكن تكون |
|
|
|
935 |
|
00:58:26,630 --> 00:58:30,650 |
|
السبب في تدخمها lymphadenitis و ممكن يكون السبب في |
|
|
|
936 |
|
00:58:30,650 --> 00:58:34,170 |
|
تدخمها chronic infections زي ال tuberculosis أو |
|
|
|
937 |
|
00:58:34,170 --> 00:58:37,830 |
|
malignant conditions زي ال esqu مثل الكارسينوما زي |
|
|
|
938 |
|
00:58:37,830 --> 00:58:43,950 |
|
ال breast cancer زي ال genitourinary cancers ممكن |
|
|
|
939 |
|
00:58:43,950 --> 00:58:49,860 |
|
السبب فيها زي ما قلنا يكونBlood Malignancy أو |
|
|
|
940 |
|
00:58:49,860 --> 00:58:53,240 |
|
Hematological Malignancy أو الوينفومة أو اللوكيمي |
|
|
|
941 |
|
00:58:53,240 --> 00:58:57,800 |
|
الفائتال ساينز ال pulse ال blood pressure و ال |
|
|
|
942 |
|
00:58:57,800 --> 00:59:02,480 |
|
respiratory rate و ال temperatureطبعا ال vital ال |
|
|
|
943 |
|
00:59:02,480 --> 00:59:04,720 |
|
pulse ماخدها من ال radial pulse ال radial pulse زي |
|
|
|
944 |
|
00:59:04,720 --> 00:59:07,560 |
|
ما احنا شايفين سهل جدا بنيجي على ال anatomical |
|
|
|
945 |
|
00:59:07,560 --> 00:59:11,860 |
|
snuff box و just media لل anatomical snuff box and |
|
|
|
946 |
|
00:59:11,860 --> 00:59:16,140 |
|
anterior to it بنفحص ال radial pulse طبعا ال |
|
|
|
947 |
|
00:59:16,140 --> 00:59:18,760 |
|
radial pulse ال normal range تبعها بيكون من ستين |
|
|
|
948 |
|
00:59:18,760 --> 00:59:21,260 |
|
لمية وإن كان ال children بصفة عام عندهم ال heart |
|
|
|
949 |
|
00:59:21,260 --> 00:59:25,350 |
|
rate اكتر من ال adults كnormal يعنيفي حالة ما يكون |
|
|
|
950 |
|
00:59:25,350 --> 00:59:27,990 |
|
فيه emotional stress في حالة ما يكون في advanced |
|
|
|
951 |
|
00:59:27,990 --> 00:59:32,490 |
|
age بتتناقص ال pulse مع ال advanced age بينما في |
|
|
|
952 |
|
00:59:32,490 --> 00:59:35,350 |
|
ال emotion في ال childhood بتزيد أثناء ال resting |
|
|
|
953 |
|
00:59:35,350 --> 00:59:41,350 |
|
sleep في النوم برضه بتتناقص ال pulsethis is the |
|
|
|
954 |
|
00:59:41,350 --> 00:59:44,350 |
|
pulse oximetry بيجيس ال pulse و في نفس الوقت بيجيس |
|
|
|
955 |
|
00:59:44,350 --> 00:59:48,090 |
|
ال saturation of the blood ال oxygen saturation of |
|
|
|
956 |
|
00:59:48,090 --> 00:59:51,490 |
|
the blood هو هذا موجود طبعا في كل .. تقريبا في كل |
|
|
|
957 |
|
00:59:51,490 --> 00:59:54,110 |
|
الأقسام في المستشفيات بالذات في أقسام العناي |
|
|
|
958 |
|
00:59:54,110 --> 00:59:58,330 |
|
المركزة والعملياتthis is temperature rectal |
|
|
|
959 |
|
00:59:58,330 --> 01:00:00,910 |
|
temperature can be taken و هي أفضل أنواع ال |
|
|
|
960 |
|
01:00:00,910 --> 01:00:02,850 |
|
temperature اللى ممكن ناخدها لإنه هي ال most |
|
|
|
961 |
|
01:00:02,850 --> 01:00:06,270 |
|
accurate one لإنها بتعكس ال core body temperature |
|
|
|
962 |
|
01:00:06,270 --> 01:00:08,230 |
|
طبعا ال rectal temperature في ال children |
|
|
|
963 |
|
01:00:08,230 --> 01:00:11,030 |
|
بيستخدموها كتير و في ال pediatric age group في ال |
|
|
|
964 |
|
01:00:11,030 --> 01:00:14,110 |
|
adults بيستخدموا ال oral او ال auxiliary ال oral |
|
|
|
965 |
|
01:00:14,110 --> 01:00:17,170 |
|
او ال auxiliary temperature ال blood pressure زى |
|
|
|
966 |
|
01:00:17,170 --> 01:00:21,590 |
|
ما احنا شايفين هنا sphingomanometerنستخدمه ممكن |
|
|
|
967 |
|
01:00:21,590 --> 01:00:25,050 |
|
تكون ال reading على تدريج أرقام وممكن تكون على شكل |
|
|
|
968 |
|
01:00:25,050 --> 01:00:29,150 |
|
digital يعني الجهاز بيقرأ بشكل digital أو بشكل |
|
|
|
969 |
|
01:00:29,150 --> 01:00:32,910 |
|
automatic طبعا تدريج الأرقام أحسن these are the |
|
|
|
970 |
|
01:00:32,910 --> 01:00:35,810 |
|
normal and abnormal ranges of the blood pressure |
|
|
|
971 |
|
01:00:36,370 --> 01:00:38,970 |
|
متى نعتبر المريض hypertension و pre hypertension |
|
|
|
972 |
|
01:00:38,970 --> 01:00:43,010 |
|
الأرقام بتوضح طبعا متى يكون normal blood pressure |
|
|
|
973 |
|
01:00:43,010 --> 01:00:46,590 |
|
و ال hypertension جدير بالملاحظة أنه لا يشخص من |
|
|
|
974 |
|
01:00:46,590 --> 01:00:49,810 |
|
قراءة واحدة لازم ناخد عدة قراءات لأنه قد يكون |
|
|
|
975 |
|
01:00:49,810 --> 01:00:52,490 |
|
السبب في ال hypertension توتر أو قد يكون السبب في |
|
|
|
976 |
|
01:00:52,490 --> 01:00:56,430 |
|
activity المريض بيعمل مجهود معين وبالتالي single |
|
|
|
977 |
|
01:00:56,430 --> 01:00:59,070 |
|
reading is not enough to establish the diagnosis |
|
|
|
978 |
|
01:00:59,070 --> 01:01:02,010 |
|
of hypertension we have to read it more than one |
|
|
|
979 |
|
01:01:04,000 --> 01:01:07,240 |
|
طبعا هذا ال outline of our lecture ال clinical |
|
|
|
980 |
|
01:01:07,240 --> 01:01:10,820 |
|
examination personal information بعد هيكا ال body |
|
|
|
981 |
|
01:01:10,820 --> 01:01:13,940 |
|
build ال height ال weight ال body mass index ال |
|
|
|
982 |
|
01:01:13,940 --> 01:01:17,720 |
|
nutritional status ال gait البلر هل فيه جوندس |
|
|
|
983 |
|
01:01:17,720 --> 01:01:21,380 |
|
مافيش سينوسس ال clubbing ال edema و ال lymph node |
|
|
|
984 |
|
01:01:21,380 --> 01:01:24,200 |
|
enlargement ال central venous pressure و ال vital |
|
|
|
985 |
|
01:01:24,200 --> 01:01:27,200 |
|
signs temperature و ال pulse و ال respiratory rate |
|
|
|
986 |
|
01:01:27,200 --> 01:01:30,620 |
|
و ال blood pressure معظمها أنتم ممكن تعملوها أثناء |
|
|
|
987 |
|
01:01:30,620 --> 01:01:34,110 |
|
ال physical examinationيمكن ال central venous |
|
|
|
988 |
|
01:01:34,110 --> 01:01:37,610 |
|
pressure هذا له وضع خاص مش مطلوب في ال physical |
|
|
|
989 |
|
01:01:37,610 --> 01:01:40,910 |
|
examination لكن لازم نلاحظ ال jugular venous |
|
|
|
990 |
|
01:01:40,910 --> 01:01:43,430 |
|
distinction اذا فيه distinction في ال jugular |
|
|
|
991 |
|
01:01:43,430 --> 01:01:47,670 |
|
veins هل هي ال jugular veins بيرز و واضح و منتفخة |
|
|
|
992 |
|
01:01:47,670 --> 01:01:50,550 |
|
ولا لأ طبعا jugular venous distinction بيعكس |
|
|
|
993 |
|
01:01:50,550 --> 01:01:54,170 |
|
cardiac disease heart failure او بيعكس liver |
|
|
|
994 |
|
01:01:54,170 --> 01:01:58,640 |
|
disease portal hypertension او liver cirrhosisإذا |
|
|
|
995 |
|
01:01:58,640 --> 01:02:01,640 |
|
هذا ال clinical examination للأشياء اللي لازم أو |
|
|
|
996 |
|
01:02:01,640 --> 01:02:05,820 |
|
يفضل انه نعلق عليها في ال general physical |
|
|
|
997 |
|
01:02:05,820 --> 01:02:10,460 |
|
examination و هيك بنكون تقريبا أنهينا محاضرة ال |
|
|
|
998 |
|
01:02:10,460 --> 01:02:14,500 |
|
general physical examination طبعا هذه الأشياء احنا |
|
|
|
999 |
|
01:02:14,500 --> 01:02:17,500 |
|
في ال systemic examination system by system بعد |
|
|
|
1000 |
|
01:02:17,500 --> 01:02:19,880 |
|
هيك ال cardiovascular, respiratory, abdomen, |
|
|
|
1001 |
|
01:02:20,980 --> 01:02:24,200 |
|
hematological, excretory system ال renal system |
|
|
|
1002 |
|
01:02:24,200 --> 01:02:27,210 |
|
يعني أو reproductive و ال endocrine و ال nervousو |
|
|
|
1003 |
|
01:02:27,210 --> 01:02:32,050 |
|
ال special sensations كل هذه examinations بنعمل كل |
|
|
|
1004 |
|
01:02:32,050 --> 01:02:34,150 |
|
واحد منها على حدى لكن ال general physical |
|
|
|
1005 |
|
01:02:34,150 --> 01:02:37,630 |
|
examination بنكون هيكا خلصناها بتمنا إلكوا حصايد و |
|
|
|
1006 |
|
01:02:37,630 --> 01:02:41,270 |
|
بتمنا المحاضرة تكون سهلة و مفهومة بالنسبة لكوا و |
|
|
|
1007 |
|
01:02:41,270 --> 01:02:43,530 |
|
ان شاء الله هنشوفكوا في أثناء ال bridging course |
|
|
|
1008 |
|
01:02:43,530 --> 01:02:47,290 |
|
لمزيد من النقاشات و لمزيد من الأسئلة عن المحاضرات |
|
|
|
1009 |
|
01:02:47,290 --> 01:02:52,110 |
|
و عشان نعمل patient oriented teaching شكرا للجميع |
|
|
|
|