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ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡
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ูˆุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡ ุงู„ุฌุฒุฆูŠุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ examination ุฑุงุญ
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ู†ุชุทุฑู‚ ููŠู‡ุง ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ examination of the motor system
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cerebellar coordination and sensation ุงู„ู€ motor
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system examination ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ุฃุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ู€ examination
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ุฑุงุญ ุฃุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ classification of the motor
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neuron lesion ู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† according to the location of
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the lesion ุฃูˆ ุจุงุนุชุจุงุฑ ุงู„ู€ affected limb ุจุงุนุชุจุงุฑ ู…ูˆู‚ุน
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ุงู„ู€ lesion ุจูŠูƒูˆู† upper motoneurone lesion ุฃูˆ lower
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motoneurone lesion upper motoneurone lesion ูŠุนู†ูŠ
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ุฏู…ุฌ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ corticospinal tract ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€
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00:00:51,900 --> 00:00:56,660
corticonuclear tract lower motoneurone lesion ุฏู…ุฌ
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00:00:56,660 --> 00:01:00,740
ููŠ ุงู„ู€ anterior horn cells ููŠ ุงู„ู€ rootุŒ spinal root
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ููŠ ุงู„ู€ nerve ู†ูุณู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ neuromuscular junction ููŠ
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00:01:04,360 --> 00:01:07,360
ุงู„ู€ muscle fibers ูŠุนุชุจุฑ lower motoneuron ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ุฅู„ู‰
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00:01:07,360 --> 00:01:10,040
ุงู„ู€ cranial nerves ุงู„ู€ corticonuclear tract ุฏู‡ ู…ุด
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00:01:10,040 --> 00:01:12,960
ู‡ุฐุง upper motoneuron ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ in the brain
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00:01:12,960 --> 00:01:16,760
stimuli ู‡ุฐุง lower motoneuron ุงู„ู€ cranial nerves
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itself lower motoneuron ุงู„ู€ neuromuscular junction
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00:01:20,220 --> 00:01:24,960
ุจุชุงุนู‡ู… lower motoneuron ุงู„ู…ุตู„ lower motoneuron
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according to the affected limb ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ
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monoplegia ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅูŠุด monoplegiaุŸ ุดู„ู„ ููŠ ุทุฑู ุฅู…ุง
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right ุฃูˆ left upper ุฃูˆ lower ูŠุนู†ูŠ right upper
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right lower left upper left lower ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† complete
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ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ monoplegia ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† partial ุจู‚ูˆู„ monoparesis
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hemiplegia ุดู„ู„ ู†ุตููŠ Right-side Hemiplegia ุฃูˆ Left
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-side Hemiplegia Paraplegia Paralysis of both
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limbs ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุจุดูˆู ููŠ spinal cord injury
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thoracic level ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุดู„ู„ ุณูู„ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุทุฑุงู
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00:02:11,560 --> 00:02:17,800
ุงู„ุณูู„ูŠุฉ ุจุณู…ูŠู‡ุง Paraplegia Triplegia ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุดู„ู„
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ุซู„ุงุซูŠุŒ ูƒูŠู ุดู„ู„ ุซู„ุงุซูŠุŸ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุฃุฎุฏ ุฑุตุงุตุฉ ููŠ ุงู„
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brain ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠู„ูŠูƒุณุณ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ right side ูˆุนู…ู„ุชู„ู‡
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00:02:23,920 --> 00:02:26,920
monoplegia ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ right upper monoplegia ูˆุงุฎุฏ ูƒู…ุงู†
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00:02:26,920 --> 00:02:29,880
ุดุธูŠุฉ ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ูŠูˆู…ุŒ ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู„ุญุธุฉุŒ ุฃุฎุฏ ุดุธูŠุฉ ููŠ
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00:02:29,880 --> 00:02:32,700
spinal cord ุนู…ู„ุชู„ู‡ paraplegia ููŠ ุงู„ู€ lower limbsุŒ
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00:02:32,700 --> 00:02:36,180
ุตุงุฑ ู…ุนุงู‡ ุดู„ู„ .. ุดู„ู„ ุซู„ุงุซูŠุŒ ุดู„ู„ ูˆูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€ upper
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00:02:36,180 --> 00:02:39,380
limb ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ right ู…ุน paraplegiaุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู†ู‚ูˆู„
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triplegia
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ู…ุด ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ู‡ู†ุง quadriplegia ุฃูˆ ุชุชุฑุงุจู„ูŠฺ†ูŠุง
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00:02:46,220 --> 00:02:49,680
quadriplegia ุฃูˆ ุชุชุฑุงุจู„ูŠฺ†ูŠุง ุดู„ู„ ุฑุจุงุนูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ
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00:02:49,680 --> 00:02:52,820
ุตุงุฑ ู…ุนุงู‡ spinal cord injury cervical level ุตุงุฑ
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00:02:52,820 --> 00:02:55,600
ู…ุนุงู‡ ุดู„ู„ ุฑุจุงุนูŠ ุฃูˆ ุนู†ุฏู‡ GBS Guillain-Barrรฉ
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Syndrome ูˆุตุงุฑ ุงู„ุชู‡ุงุจ ุงู„ุฃุนุตุงุจ ุงู„ุทุฑููŠุฉ ุญุฏุซ ู…ุนุงู‡
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ุดู„ู„ ุฑุจุงุนูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ quadriplegia ุฃูˆ ุชุชุฑุงุจู„ูŠฺ†ูŠุง
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ุทูŠุจ what's the difference between bilateral
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hemiplegia and tetraplegia ุฃูˆ quadriplegia ุฅูŠุด
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ุงู„ูุฑู‚ ุจูŠู† quadriplegia ูˆ bilateral hemiplegia ู…ุฑูŠุถ
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00:03:18,430 --> 00:03:22,570
ูƒุงู† ู…ุนุงู‡ stroke ู‚ุจู„ ุณู†ุฉ ูˆุญุฏุซ ู…ุนุงู‡ left side
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00:03:22,570 --> 00:03:28,390
hemiplegia ุงู„ุณู†ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุญุฏุซ new stroke ูˆุตุงุฑ ู…ุนู‡ right
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00:03:28,390 --> 00:03:32,090
side hemiplegia ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุตุงุฑ ู…ุนู‡ bilateral hemiplegia
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ุฅูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ bilateral hemiplegiaุŸ ุดู„ุฑูˆุง ุจู‚ู‰ ุทุจ ุฅูŠุด
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00:03:35,210 --> 00:03:37,310
ุงู„ุงุฎุชู„ุงู ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ูˆ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ quadriplegiaุŸ ุฃู‡ ุงู„ู€
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00:03:37,310 --> 00:03:41,890
quadriplegia ุจูŠูƒูˆู† same onset ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ
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00:03:41,890 --> 00:03:46,510
same onset ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุญุฏุซ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
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00:03:46,510 --> 00:03:48,910
ุงู„ุชู‡ุงุจ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุจู„ ุงู„ุดูˆูƒูŠ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชู‡ุงุจ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุตุงุจุฉ
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00:03:48,910 --> 00:03:53,830
ุงู„ุทุฑููŠุฉ ู„ูƒู† ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† different onset ู…ุด same onsetุŒ
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different onset ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ bilateral hemiplegiaุŒ
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bilateral hemiplegia differential diagnosis
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between upper motoneuron and lower motoneuron ู…ู‡ู…
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ุฌุฏุง ูˆุงุฎุฏู†ุงู‡ุง ููŠ ุณู†ุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ upper motoneuron
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00:04:10,590 --> 00:04:14,550
location from area four ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ precentral gyrus
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00:04:14,550 --> 00:04:19,350
ู„ู„ู€ anterior horn cells ุฃูˆ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Precentral Gyrus
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00:04:19,350 --> 00:04:22,410
ู„ู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ in the brainstem ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ู€
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00:04:22,410 --> 00:04:25,710
cranial nerves ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ู€ Lower Motoneuron ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
65
00:04:25,710 --> 00:04:29,150
Anterior Horn cells ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ู…ุตู„ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง Lower Motoneuron ุฃูˆ
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00:04:29,150 --> 00:04:32,610
ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ in the brainstem ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ู…ุตู„ุŒ
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00:04:32,610 --> 00:04:37,950
ุงู„ู…ุตู„ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ Lower Motoneuron Location of
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00:04:37,950 --> 00:04:42,950
Paralysis ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Upper Motoneuron ุจูŠูƒูˆู† below the
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level of lesion below the level of lesion
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00:04:46,960 --> 00:04:51,590
Contralateral above decussation ุฅุฐุง ุตุงุฑ ุฏู…ุฌ ููˆู‚ ุงู„
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00:04:51,590 --> 00:04:54,210
decussation ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ right ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู€ symptoms ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
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00:04:54,210 --> 00:04:57,250
left ุฅุฐุง ุฏู…ุฌ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ left ุงู„ู€ symptoms ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ right
73
00:04:57,250 --> 00:05:02,810
below level ุทูŠุจ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ lower motor neuron
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00:05:02,810 --> 00:05:07,950
Ipsilateral at the level of lesion Ipsilateral at
75
00:05:07,950 --> 00:05:11,170
the level of lesion ุงู„ู€ paralysis ููŠ ุงู„ู€ upper motor
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00:05:11,170 --> 00:05:15,610
neuron ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง spastic ุฃูˆ central due to damage of
77
00:05:15,610 --> 00:05:20,090
corticospinal tract ุฃูˆ cortico-nuclear tract ู„ูƒู†
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00:05:20,090 --> 00:05:23,830
ููŠ ุงู„ู€ lower motoneuron ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง flaccid ุฃูˆ
79
00:05:23,830 --> 00:05:29,050
peripheral flaccid ุฃูˆ peripheral ุงู„ู€ muscle state
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00:05:29,050 --> 00:05:32,750
of muscle ููŠ ุงู„ู€ upper motoneuron ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุญุฏุซ ุฃู†ู‡
81
00:05:32,750 --> 00:05:37,190
wasting ุฃูˆ muscle hypotrophy later due to disuse
82
00:05:37,190 --> 00:05:41,930
ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€ lower motoneuron ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… wasting ุฃูˆ
83
00:05:41,930 --> 00:05:47,030
muscle hypotrophy early ุงู„ู€ muscle tone ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู…
84
00:05:47,030 --> 00:05:50,670
hypertonia ุฃูˆ spasticity ููŠ ุงู„ู€ lower motoneuron
85
00:05:50,670 --> 00:05:53,930
hypotonia ุฃูˆ flaccidity ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€
86
00:05:53,930 --> 00:05:55,610
fasciculationุŒ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู€ fasciculationุŸ muscle
87
00:05:55,610 --> 00:05:59,170
fasciculation ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† spontaneous contraction
88
00:05:59,170 --> 00:06:03,210
of muscle group ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชูƒูˆู† absent ููŠ ุงู„ู€ upper
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00:06:03,210 --> 00:06:08,170
motoneuron ูˆ maybe present in the irritative
90
00:06:08,170 --> 00:06:12,970
lesion of anterior horn cells ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ู„ู€ reflexes
91
00:06:12,970 --> 00:06:17,790
ุงู„ู€ deep reflexes ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Upper Motoneuron ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
92
00:06:17,790 --> 00:06:21,390
HyperreflexiaุŒ HyperreflexiaุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Lower
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00:06:21,390 --> 00:06:26,380
Motoneuron ุจูŠูƒูˆู† Hyporeflexia ุฃูˆ Areflexia ู‡ุฐุง
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00:06:26,380 --> 00:06:29,220
ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ู‡ุฑุฌุนู„ู‡ ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ู€ motor ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ููŠ
95
00:06:29,220 --> 00:06:34,100
ุณู†ุฉ ุฑุงุจุนุฉ ุชูŠุฌูŠูˆู†ู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุดูู‰ Clonus ุฅูŠุด
96
00:06:34,100 --> 00:06:36,780
ClonusุŸ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† rhythmical series of
97
00:06:36,780 --> 00:06:41,540
contraction in response to sudden stretch of
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00:06:41,540 --> 00:06:44,620
muscle tendon ู‡ุฐูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† positive ููŠ ุงู„ู€ upper
99
00:06:44,620 --> 00:06:47,780
motoneuron lesion ูˆ absent ููŠ ุงู„ู€ lower
100
00:06:47,780 --> 00:06:51,980
motoneuron lesion ุงู„ู€ baby reflexes and other
101
00:06:51,980 --> 00:06:56,360
pathological signs ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง positive ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Upper
102
00:06:56,360 --> 00:07:00,180
Motoneuron and absent in the Lower Motoneuron ุฅูŠุด
103
00:07:00,180 --> 00:07:04,000
ุจุงุจูŠู†ุณูƒูŠ signุŸ Dorsiflexion of big toe with
104
00:07:04,000 --> 00:07:08,780
fanning of other toes ูˆ Superficial reflexes lost
105
00:07:08,780 --> 00:07:13,080
if the lesion is above segment supply of the
106
00:07:13,080 --> 00:07:17,420
reflex ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุตุงุฑ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ middle
107
00:07:17,420 --> 00:07:20,640
abdominal reflex middle abdominal reflex ุจูŠุงุฎุฏ ู…ู†
108
00:07:20,640 --> 00:07:26,350
ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ segment T9 ูˆ T10 ู„ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุญุฏุซ ุนู†ุฏู‡ lesion
109
00:07:26,350 --> 00:07:32,190
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ segment T7 ูˆ T8 above the origin of the
110
00:07:32,190 --> 00:07:36,650
reflex ุฑุงุญ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏูŠ loss of reflex ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€
111
00:07:36,650 --> 00:07:39,630
lower motor neuron ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ loss if the lesion
112
00:07:39,630 --> 00:07:43,390
involves the segment supply of the reflex ูŠุนู†ูŠ
113
00:07:43,390 --> 00:07:47,350
ู…ูŠุงุฎุฏู‡ anterior horn cells ุฃูˆ ู…ูŠุงุฎุฏู‡ ุงู„ู€ nerve ู†ูุณู‡
114
00:07:47,350 --> 00:07:54,580
type of gait disturbances ูˆุงุญุฏ attacks ุงู„ู€ gait ุงู„ู€
115
00:07:54,580 --> 00:08:00,980
ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู†ุงุดูŠูˆุจุชุฑู†ุญ ููŠุด ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุฅูŠู‡ ุงุชุฒุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ุฅูŠุด
116
00:08:00,980 --> 00:08:08,780
ataxic gait ุงุชู†ูŠู† steppage gait ุฃูˆ high steppage
117
00:08:08,780 --> 00:08:11,920
gait in drop foot ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู…ุงุจูŠุณุชุทูŠุน ูŠุนู…ู„
118
00:08:11,920 --> 00:08:14,920
dorsiflexion ุฃู†ุง ู„ู…ุง ู†ู…ุดูŠ ุจู„ุฒู… ุฃุนู…ู„ dorsiflexion
119
00:08:14,920 --> 00:08:20,640
ู‡ู†ุง ุฃุฌู‡ุฒุฉ ุฃูƒุชุฑ ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ุจู„ุฒู… ุฃุนู…ู„ dorsiflexion ู„ู„ู€ foot
120
00:08:20,640 --> 00:08:24,660
ูˆุฃู†ุฌู„ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ู…ุงุจู‚ุฏุฑูˆุด ุฒูŠ ุงู„ุญุตุงู† ุจูŠุตูŠุฑูˆุง
121
00:08:24,660 --> 00:08:29,570
ูŠุฑูุนูˆุง ุฑุฌู„ู‡ู… ุฑุงูุน ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ drop ููŠ foot ููŠ ุงู„ู€
122
00:08:29,570 --> 00:08:34,310
right spastic gait ุฃูˆ ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ู„ู€ hemiplegic ุฃูˆ
123
00:08:34,310 --> 00:08:37,550
hemiplegic ุฃูˆ circumduction gait ููŠ ุงู„ู€ CVA ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ
124
00:08:37,550 --> 00:08:43,290
ุนู†ุฏู‡ right side hemiplegia ุฃู†ุง ุนุดุงู† ุงู…ุดูŠ ุจู„ุฒู…
125
00:08:43,290 --> 00:08:49,070
ู„ูŠุนู…ู„ flexion ู„ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู€ ุงู„ู€ knee ูˆ extension ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุฌู‡
126
00:08:49,070 --> 00:08:52,250
ุงู„ุฑุฌู„ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… spasticity ุจูŠู‚ุฏุฑูˆุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู…
127
00:08:52,250 --> 00:08:54,850
flexion ููŠ ุงู„ู€ upper limb ุงูŠุด ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ูŠุนู…ู„ู‡ุŸ
128
00:08:54,850 --> 00:08:58,220
circumduction gait ู‡ูŠ ู…ุงุดูŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠู‡ ู…ุงุดูŠ
129
00:08:58,220 --> 00:09:03,940
ู‡ูŠูƒ ู‡ุฐู‡
130
00:09:03,940 --> 00:09:10,280
circumduction gait ุฃูˆ ุงูŠุด hemiplegic gait ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชู…ุงู…
131
00:09:10,280 --> 00:09:13,980
ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู„ู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ lower spastic paraplegia
132
00:09:13,980 --> 00:09:17,180
ู…ุงุฑุญ ูŠู‚ุฏุฑ ูŠุนู…ู„ circumduction ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ูƒู…ุงู† ููŠู‡
133
00:09:17,180 --> 00:09:21,080
spasticity ุฑุงุญ ูŠุนู…ู„ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ spastic gait ูˆ ู‡ูˆ
134
00:09:21,080 --> 00:09:25,600
ู…ุงุดูŠ ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุงุดูŠุชู‡ ุจุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง ุงูŠู‡
135
00:09:25,600 --> 00:09:30,450
spastic gaitุŒ ataxic gait ูˆ waddling gait ู‡ุฐู‡
136
00:09:30,450 --> 00:09:34,010
ุงู„ุตุนุจุฉ ู…ุง ุชู„ู‚ูˆุง ุฅูŠุงู‡ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ myopathy ุฃูˆ ููŠ
137
00:09:34,010 --> 00:09:37,410
ุงู„ุณุชุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ู€ late pregnancy ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ุชู„ุฏ ุจุณุจูˆุน ุจุชูƒูˆู†
138
00:09:37,410 --> 00:09:42,110
ุชุชู…ูŠู„ ุดู…ุงู„ ูŠู…ูŠู† ุชู…ุดูŠ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ุจุทุฉ ุชู…ุงู… ูˆ senile gait
139
00:09:42,110 --> 00:09:45,050
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจู†ุดูˆูู‡ุง ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู€ elderly patients ุงู„ู†ุงุณ
140
00:09:45,050 --> 00:09:48,150
ุงู„ูƒุจุงุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุณู† ูˆ hysterical gait ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจู†ุดูˆูู‡ุง ุงู„
141
00:09:48,150 --> 00:09:51,050
hysterical gait ุฃูˆ psychogenic gait ุฃูˆ functional
142
00:09:51,050 --> 00:09:55,400
gait ุจู†ุดูˆูู‡ู… ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช conversion disorder ุงู„ู†ุงุณ
143
00:09:55,400 --> 00:10:01,840
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุงุถุทุฑุงุจ ู†ูุณูŠ ูˆ .. ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุณุจุจ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€
144
00:10:01,840 --> 00:10:08,400
psychological cause ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุจู†ุชุฃุฌู„ ู„ ุงู„ู€ motor
145
00:10:08,400 --> 00:10:11,760
examination motor system examination ููŠ ุงู„ู€ motor
146
00:10:11,760 --> 00:10:16,040
system examination ุจู„ุฒู… ุฃูˆู„ ุดูŠ ู†ุนู…ู„ inspection
147
00:10:16,040 --> 00:10:21,080
inspection ู„ ุงู„ู€ state of the muscle muscle
148
00:10:21,080 --> 00:10:25,850
fasciculation ุดูˆู involuntary movement ุฏู‡ ููŠู‡
149
00:10:25,850 --> 00:10:31,470
skeletal deformities ูˆ trophic changes ุจุนุฏู‡ุง
150
00:10:31,470 --> 00:10:34,930
ุจู†ุชุฃุฌู„ ู„ู„ู€ palpation ููŠ ุงู„ู€ palpation ุจูุญุต ุงู„ู€ muscle
151
00:10:34,930 --> 00:10:38,990
tone examination ู†ูุญุต ุงู„ู€ muscle power ูˆุจุนุฏู‡ุง
152
00:10:38,990 --> 00:10:43,170
ุจู†ุชุฃุฌู„ ู„ู€ reflexes ููŠ ุงู„ู€ reflexes ุจูุญุต deep reflexes
153
00:10:43,170 --> 00:10:48,310
superficial reflexes and plantar reflexes ู†ุจุฏุฃ ู…ู†
154
00:10:48,310 --> 00:10:52,680
ุงู„ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ by inspection ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถุฉ ู…ุง ู†ูุญุตู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฑุงูุน
155
00:10:52,680 --> 00:10:58,520
ู…ู„ุงุจุณู‡ ุดูˆูŠุฉุŒ ุจุชุทู„ุน by inspection ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถุŒ ุจุชุทู„ุน
156
00:10:58,520 --> 00:11:01,660
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ state of the muscleุŒ ู‡ู„ ู‡ูˆ normal state
157
00:11:01,660 --> 00:11:06,020
muscle ุฃูˆ ููŠู‡ atrophy ุฃูˆ ููŠู‡ hypertrophyุŒ ุฅุฐุง ููŠ
158
00:11:06,020 --> 00:11:11,000
atrophy ุฃูˆ hypertrophyุŒ ุจู†ุญุฏุฏู‡ู„ ู‡ูŠ distal ุฃูˆ
159
00:11:11,000 --> 00:11:14,540
proximalุŸ ู‡ู„ ู‡ูŠ symmetrical ุฃูˆ asymmetricalุŸ ู‡ุฐุง
160
00:11:14,540 --> 00:11:18,800
ุจุงู„ู†ุธุฑ ุฃู†ุง ุจุดูˆูู‡ ูˆู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู„ู€ hypertrophy ู…ู…ูƒู†
161
00:11:18,800 --> 00:11:22,960
ุชูƒูˆู† pseudo hypertrophy ุฃูˆ true hypertrophy ุฒูŠ ู…ุง
162
00:11:22,960 --> 00:11:25,980
ุจู†ุดูˆู ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช Duchenne muscular dystrophy
163
00:11:25,980 --> 00:11:29,720
Duchenne muscular dystrophy ุฅุฌูŠู†ุง ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู„ุฌูŠู†ุง ุนู†ุฏู‡
164
00:11:29,720 --> 00:11:32,400
Duchenne muscular dystrophy ุฃู†ุช ุจุชุดูˆู ุงู„ู€ calf ู…ูˆุตู„ ู…ู†
165
00:11:32,400 --> 00:11:36,980
ูˆุฑุง ุงู„ู€ leg ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠู‡ุง hypertrophied ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุดูˆู ุฃุจูˆู‡ู…
166
00:11:36,980 --> 00:11:40,800
ููŠู‡ุง ุจูŠููƒุฑ ุงู† ู‡ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูƒู„ ู…ุตุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
167
00:11:40,800 --> 00:11:45,920
ุนู†ุฏู‡ fat deposition ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ pseudo hypertrophy ุชุถุฎู…
168
00:11:45,920 --> 00:11:50,740
ูƒุงุฐุจ ุชุถุฎู… ูƒุงุฐุจ ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุนู† ุงู† ู‡ูŠ fat deposition ู„ูˆ
169
00:11:50,740 --> 00:11:53,040
ุทู„ุนู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ atrophy ููŠ ุงู„ู€ upper ูˆ ุงู„ู€ lower limbs
170
00:11:53,040 --> 00:11:57,240
ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ุงุฌูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ hypotrophy ููŠ ุงู„ู€ distal
171
00:11:57,240 --> 00:12:00,300
group muscle ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู† ู„ุงุฌูŠ ุนู† polyneuropathy ุฒูŠ
172
00:12:00,300 --> 00:12:02,680
ู…ุง ุจู†ุดูˆู ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช diabetic polyneuropathy ุงู„ู†ุงุณ
173
00:12:02,680 --> 00:12:05,440
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุณูƒุฑ ุฃูˆ diabetic polyneuropathy ุจุชู„ุงุญุธ
174
00:12:05,440 --> 00:12:09,820
ุนู†ุฏู‡ hypotrophy ููŠ ุงู„ู€ hand muscles ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ feet
175
00:12:09,820 --> 00:12:13,260
ุจุทู„ุน
176
00:12:13,260 --> 00:12:16,410
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ muscle fasciculation ุจุทู„ุน ุงู„ู…ุตุฑ ููŠ ุงู„
177
00:12:16,410 --> 00:12:19,430
circulation ุฅุฐุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ spontaneous contraction of
178
00:12:19,430 --> 00:12:22,910
muscle group ุจุจุญุซ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุฎุงุตุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ shoulder ูˆ
179
00:12:22,910 --> 00:12:25,790
ุญูŠู†ู‡ุง ุจุฑูˆุญ ุฃุนู…ู„ู‡ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ percussion ุนุดุงู† ุฃุนู…ู„
180
00:12:25,790 --> 00:12:29,090
stimulation ู„ู„ู…ุตุฑ ุฃูˆ ุจุงู„ู€ inspection ุจุทู„ู‡ุง ุฅุฐุง ููŠ
181
00:12:29,090 --> 00:12:32,610
ุนู†ุฏู‡ spontaneous contraction of the muscle group
182
00:12:32,610 --> 00:12:36,430
ู‚ุฏ ุชูƒูˆู† ู‡ุฐู‡ physiological ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€ myokemia ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง
183
00:12:36,430 --> 00:12:40,330
myokemia ู„ู…ุง ูŠุฌูŠ ู„ู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ุฑูุฉ ุชุญุช ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุฃูˆ ุฌูู†ู‡ ุชุฑู
184
00:12:40,330 --> 00:12:43,020
ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ anxiety ูˆ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ stress ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู†
185
00:12:43,020 --> 00:12:47,260
physiological ู†ุงุฌุญ ุนู† anxietyุŒ fatigueุŒ coffee ูˆ
186
00:12:47,260 --> 00:12:51,680
ุงู„ู€ smoking ูˆ ู‚ุฏ ุชูƒูˆู† pathological ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุง ุฅู† ููŠ
187
00:12:51,680 --> 00:12:56,690
ุญุงู„ุงุช Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ุฃูˆ ููŠ ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ู€
188
00:12:56,690 --> 00:12:58,690
Motor Neurone Disease ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฑุงุญ ู†ุงุฎุฏ ููŠู‡
189
00:12:58,690 --> 00:13:01,810
ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ Motor Neurone Disease ุจู†ู†ุธุฑ ู„ู„ู€
190
00:13:01,810 --> 00:13:05,850
involuntary movement ู„ู„ู€ hyperkinesia ูƒุฏู‡ ููŠ ูƒูˆุฑูŠุง
191
00:13:05,850 --> 00:13:12,130
ุชูŠูƒุณ ุฃุซูŠุชูˆุณูŠุฒ ู‡ูŠู…ูŠุจุงู„ูŠุฒู…ุณ tremors ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุจู†ุดูˆูู‡ ููŠ
192
00:13:12,130 --> 00:13:16,350
ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ููŠ involuntary movement ุจุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰
193
00:13:16,350 --> 00:13:20,170
skeletal deformities ุจุงูƒุดู ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถุŒ ุจุงุฑูุน ู…ู„ุงุจุณู‡ุŒ
194
00:13:20,170 --> 00:13:24,230
ุจุทู„ุน ุฏู‡ ููŠู‡ ุนู†ุฏู‡ scoliosisุŒ kyphosisุŒ lordosis
195
00:13:24,230 --> 00:13:30,290
ุชู…ุงู…ุŒ kyphoscoliosisุŒ ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ pes cavusุŒ
196
00:13:30,290 --> 00:13:34,070
talipes equinusุŒ skeletal deformitiesุŒ deformed
197
00:13:34,070 --> 00:13:37,580
joint ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€ Charcot Joint ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู†ุดูˆูู‡ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู€
198
00:13:37,580 --> 00:13:40,720
Diabetic Polyneuropathy ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุจุดูˆูู‡ by inspection
199
00:13:40,720 --> 00:13:43,220
ุงูŠุด ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Charcot JointุŸ ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู€
200
00:13:43,220 --> 00:13:46,880
Polyneuropathy ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… painless, deformed
201
00:13:46,880 --> 00:13:51,220
joint ุจุชุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰ trophic changes ุฅุฐุง ููŠู‡ brittle
202
00:13:51,220 --> 00:13:58,400
nails, loss of hair, ulcers ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู€
203
00:13:58,400 --> 00:14:02,380
Diabetic Foot ูˆ Diabetic Polyneuropathy associated
204
00:14:02,380 --> 00:14:05,500
with ุฃุญูŠุงู†ุง ุงู„ู€ Diabetic Foot ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุนุงู‡ู… ุฒูŠ ู…ุง
205
00:14:05,500 --> 00:14:10,340
ู‡ุดุงูŠููŠู† ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุญุงู„ุฉ pes cavus ู‡ุงูŠ talipes equinus
206
00:14:10,340 --> 00:14:18,560
scoliosis ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูƒูŠู ุงู„ู€ scoliosis ู…ุนุงู‡ู… ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจู†ุชุฃุฌู„
207
00:14:18,560 --> 00:14:22,840
ู„ูุญุต ุงู„ู€ palpation ุงูŠุด ุงู„ู€ palpationุŸ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
208
00:14:22,840 --> 00:14:26,220
muscle tone examination ูŠุจู‚ู‰ muscle tone
209
00:14:26,220 --> 00:14:30,370
examination ูˆ ุงู„ู€ muscle power ู‡ู… ูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆุง palpation
210
00:14:30,370 --> 00:14:33,010
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ููŠ palpation ุฃู†ุง ุจูุญุต ุญุงุฌุชูŠู† ุจูุญุต ุงู„ู€ muscle
211
00:14:33,010 --> 00:14:38,730
tone ูˆ ุจูุญุต ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงูŠุด ุงู„ู€ muscle power ูƒูŠู
212
00:14:38,730 --> 00:14:42,990
ุจูุญุตู‡ุŸ ุจู†ุนู…ู„ passive flexion and passive
213
00:14:42,990 --> 00:14:48,010
extension of all joint ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู†ุนู…ู„ assessment ู„ู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ
214
00:14:48,650 --> 00:14:52,610
ูˆุจู†ูุญุต ุงู„ู€ response to passive movement ู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู€
215
00:14:52,610 --> 00:14:56,810
muscle tone normal ูˆู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† hypotonia ูˆู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู†
216
00:14:56,810 --> 00:15:02,070
ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… hypertonia ู‡ูŠ ุจูุญุต ุจุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู‡ุงุฏุฆุฉ ุจูุญุต ุงู„ู€
217
00:15:02,070 --> 00:15:07,970
muscle ู‡ุงุฏุฆ ูˆ slowly ูˆ ููŠ ูƒู„ direction ูˆ ุจู‚ุงุฑู†
218
00:15:07,970 --> 00:15:11,290
ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู†
219
00:15:16,090 --> 00:15:20,470
ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุฑุงุญ ุฃุญุฑูƒ ู…ุงูŠุชุนู…ู„ุด ุดูŠุก ุฃู†ุง ุจุญุฑูƒ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ
220
00:15:20,470 --> 00:15:25,970
ู…ุง ุจุญุฑูƒุด ุฃูŠ ุดูŠุก ุจู‚ุงุฑู† ู‡ูŠ flexion extension ู…ุน
221
00:15:25,970 --> 00:15:38,970
flexion extension ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ู„ู„ู€ shoulder ุชูุถู„ู†ุง
222
00:15:38,970 --> 00:15:44,090
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู‚ุงุนุฏุฉ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุจู†ูุญุต ุงูŠุด ุงู„ู€ hip joint
223
00:15:48,900 --> 00:15:52,860
ู…ูุญุต ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ุฃู†ุง ู…ุง ุจุฏูŠุด ุงุถูŠุน ูˆู‚ุช ุจุณ ุงู‚ุงุฑู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ
224
00:15:52,860 --> 00:15:56,960
ุฏุงูŠู…ุง ุฃูŠ ุญุฑูƒุฉ ู„ุงุฒู… ุงู‚ุงุฑู† ุงู„ุฌู‡ุชูŠู† ุจุณ ุนุดุงู† ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช
225
00:15:56,960 --> 00:16:01,140
ู†ูุญุต abduction abduction ูˆ ุจู‚ุงุฑู† ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ
226
00:16:01,140 --> 00:16:07,040
ู†ู†ุฒู„ ุนู†ู‡ ุจุนู…ู„ complete flexion ูˆ complete extension
227
00:16:07,040 --> 00:16:09,980
ูˆ ุจู‚ุงุฑู† ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุจุนู…ู„ู‡ุง ูˆ ุจู†ุฒู„ ุนู„ู‰
228
00:16:09,980 --> 00:16:14,160
ุงู„ู€ foot plantar flexion ูˆ dorsiflexion ูˆ ููŠ
229
00:16:14,160 --> 00:16:16,820
ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃู†ุง ุจุจุญุซ ูˆ ุจู‚ุงุฑู† ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ููŠ
230
00:16:16,820 --> 00:16:23,150
ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃู†ุง ุจูƒูˆู† ูุญุตุช ุงูŠุด ุงู„ู€ muscle tone ุงู„ู€
231
00:16:23,150 --> 00:16:27,170
Muscle Tone ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† Normal ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† Muscle
232
00:16:27,170 --> 00:16:29,690
Hypotonia ู…ู† ุญุฏ ุงู„ู€ Distal ูˆ ู„ุง ProximalุŒ
233
00:16:29,690 --> 00:16:34,110
Unilateral ูˆ ู„ุง Bilateral ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ู†ุง Muscle
234
00:16:34,110 --> 00:16:37,970
Spasticity ุฃูˆ Muscle Rigidity ุงูŠุด ุงู„ุงุฎุชู„ุงู ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€
235
00:16:37,970 --> 00:16:40,930
Muscle Spasticity ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Muscle RigidityุŸ ุงู„ู€
236
00:16:40,930 --> 00:16:43,590
Muscle Spasticity ู†ุงุชุฌุฉ ุนู† Pyramidal ุฃูˆ
237
00:16:43,590 --> 00:16:47,710
Corticospinal Lesion ุงู„ู€ Muscle Rigidity ู†ุงุชุฌุฉ ุนู†
238
00:16:47,710 --> 00:16:52,000
Extra Pyramidal System Lesion Distribution muscle
239
00:16:52,000 --> 00:16:55,200
spasticity ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู€ distal more than proximalุŒ
240
00:16:55,200 --> 00:16:58,020
flexors ููŠ ุงู„ู€ upper limbsุŒ ูˆ extensors ููŠ ุงู„ู€ lower
241
00:16:58,020 --> 00:17:01,240
limbs ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ูˆุถุนูŠุฉ ุชุจุนุชู‡ู…ุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ muscle rigidity
242
00:17:01,240 --> 00:17:04,880
ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู€ proximal more than distalุŒ ูˆ flexors of
243
00:17:04,880 --> 00:17:07,380
upper limbsุŒ ูˆ flexors ููŠ ุงู„ู€ lower limbsุŒ ุจุชูƒูˆู†
244
00:17:07,380 --> 00:17:10,910
ู…ุงุดูŠูŠู† shuffling gaitุŒ ู‡ูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ shuffling gait ุฃูˆ
245
00:17:10,910 --> 00:17:13,390
ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง parkinsonian gait ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„ุชุงุจุนูŠู† ุงู„ู€
246
00:17:13,390 --> 00:17:16,310
Parkinson ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… flexion ููŠ ุงู„ู€ upper limbs ูˆ
247
00:17:16,310 --> 00:17:19,790
flexion ููŠ ุงู„ู€ lower limbs ูˆู…ุงุดูŠูŠู† ุจุฑุญุชู‡ู… ุนู†ุฏู‡ู…
248
00:17:19,790 --> 00:17:24,990
bradykinesiaุŒ hypokinesiaุŒ ู…ุน ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ุน resting
249
00:17:24,990 --> 00:17:28,430
tremors ุงู„ู€ character ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุชุจุนูŠู† ุงู„ู€
250
00:17:28,430 --> 00:17:32,090
muscle spasticity clasp knife ุฒูŠ ู…ูˆุณ ุงู„ูƒุจุงุณ ูˆ
251
00:17:32,090 --> 00:17:35,870
ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… Parkinson ุฃูˆ muscle rigidity
252
00:17:35,870 --> 00:17:38,830
ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู†ุธุงู… cook wheel ุฒูŠ ุงู„ุชุฑุณ ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุจุจุญุซ ุนู† ู…ุตู„
253
00:17:38,830 --> 00:17:42,730
ุชู‡ูˆู† ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุฅูŠุด ุฒูŠ ู†ุธุงู… ุชุฑุณ ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠู‡ุง ุจุชู‚ุทุน ู…ุนุงูŠุง
254
00:17:42,730 --> 00:17:45,850
ู…ุฑุฉ ุจุชุดุฏ ู…ุฑุฉ ุชุฑุฎูŠู‡ุง ุฏูŠ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง cook wheel
255
00:17:45,850 --> 00:17:50,580
phenomenon ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุนุงู‡ู… tremor ูˆ muscle
256
00:17:50,580 --> 00:17:54,600
rigidity ุงู„ู€ deep reflexes ููŠ ุงู„ู€ specificity ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
257
00:17:54,600 --> 00:18:00,420
hyperreflexia ููŠ ุงู„ู€ rigidity ุจูŠูƒูˆู† hyporeflexia ุงู„
258
00:18:00,420 --> 00:18:03,200
muscle power examination ููŠ ุงู„ู€ muscle power
259
00:18:03,200 --> 00:18:09,820
examination ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ูุญุต ุงู„ู€ muscle group ูƒู„ู‡ู… ุฅุฐุง
260
00:18:09,820 --> 00:18:14,770
ูƒุงู† zero no muscle movement no movement complete
261
00:18:14,770 --> 00:18:18,970
paralysis ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุณุชุฎุฏู… MRC medical research council
262
00:18:18,970 --> 00:18:23,750
scale for grading muscle strength ูŠุจู‚ู‰ zero no
263
00:18:23,750 --> 00:18:29,250
movement ูˆู„ุง ุญุฑูƒุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏ muscle contract but the
264
00:18:29,250 --> 00:18:31,990
joint doesn't move ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ muscle contraction
265
00:18:31,990 --> 00:18:36,630
ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู…ูุตู„ ู…ุงุจุชุญุฑูƒุด ู‡ุฐุง ุจุงุฎุฏ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงุซู†ูŠู† joint
266
00:18:36,630 --> 00:18:39,510
moves with gravity eliminated ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู†ุงุฆู…
267
00:18:41,490 --> 00:18:45,770
ุจู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ู…ูŠุฏู†ูŠุง ุจู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ู†ุฒู„ ุฅูŠุฏูƒ ุจู†ุฒู„ู‡ุง ุณู‡ู„ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุชู†ุฒู„
268
00:18:45,770 --> 00:18:49,990
ุทุจ ุงุฑูุนู‡ุง ุจูŠู‚ุฏุฑุด ูŠุฑูุนู‡ุง ุจุงุฎุฏ ูƒุงู…ุŸ ุงุซู†ูŠู†ุŒ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ
269
00:18:49,990 --> 00:18:55,350
joint moves against gravity but not against
270
00:18:55,350 --> 00:19:00,450
resistance ู‡ู„ุฌูŠุชุŸ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุงุฑูุน ุฅูŠุฏูƒ ุงุฑูุนู‡ุง ุทุจ
271
00:19:00,450 --> 00:19:03,550
resistant ู„ูˆ ุถุบุท ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ุด resistant ุจุงุฎุฏ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ
272
00:19:04,220 --> 00:19:08,180
ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ joint move against gravity ุจุฑูุน ูŠุฏู‡ ุฃูˆ
273
00:19:08,180 --> 00:19:11,680
ุฑุฌู„ูŠู‡ against gravity and against resistance ูˆู„ูˆ
274
00:19:11,680 --> 00:19:15,560
ุถุบุทุช ู…ุนุงู‡ ุงุฑูุน ุงุฑูุน ุงุฑูุน ุงุซู†ุชูŠู† ู„ููˆู‚ ุจุณ ู„ุฃ ุฏู‡ ุดูˆูŠุฉ
275
00:19:15,560 --> 00:19:20,180
ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุงุฑุฎูŠู‡ู… ู‡ุฏูŠ ุงูŠุฏูŠ ุงุถุนู ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุงุฑูุน ุงุซู†ุชูŠู† ุจุฑูุน
276
00:19:20,180 --> 00:19:24,520
against resistance ู„ูƒู† weak than right ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจู‚ูˆู„
277
00:19:24,520 --> 00:19:28,040
ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุนู†ุฏู‡ muscle power ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ right ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ู„ูƒู†
278
00:19:28,040 --> 00:19:33,500
ุฎู…ุณุฉ full strength of muscle ุจูŠูƒูˆู† complete muscle
279
00:19:33,500 --> 00:19:33,920
power
280
00:19:37,160 --> 00:19:42,080
ุงู„ู€ .. ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ูุญุต ุงู„ู€ upper limbs ููŠ ุงู„ู€ upper limbs
281
00:19:42,080 --> 00:19:46,300
ุจู†ูุญุต ุงู„ู€ deltoid muscle ุงู„ู€ deltoid muscle ุจุชุงุฎุฏ
282
00:19:46,300 --> 00:19:50,660
ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ auxiliary nerve ุงุฑูุน ูŠุฏูŠูƒ ู„ููˆู‚ ูˆุจู†ุฒู„ู‡ู…
283
00:19:50,660 --> 00:19:54,640
ู…ุงุชุฎุฑุจุทูˆุด ู…ุน .. ุฑุฎูŠ ุฅูŠู‡ ุฏู‡ุŸ ู…ุงุชุฎุฑุจุทูˆุด ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ shrugging
284
00:19:54,640 --> 00:20:00,320
ู„ููˆู‚ shrugging ู‡ุฏุฆ ุงู„ู€ trapezius muscle ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ .. ู…ู†
285
00:20:00,320 --> 00:20:03,900
ุงู„ู€ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ spinal accessory ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฏู„ุชูˆูŠุฏ .. ุงุฑูุน ุฅูŠุฏูƒ
286
00:20:03,900 --> 00:20:09,880
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฅูŠุดุŸ axillary nerve ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ .. ุทุจ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ
287
00:20:09,880 --> 00:20:11,940
ุนู†ุฏู‡ weakness ููŠ ุงู„ู€ right upper limb ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ู…ุด ู‚ุงุฏุฑ
288
00:20:11,940 --> 00:20:14,820
ุฃุญุฏุฏ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ muscle ุจูˆุฑุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุฃูˆ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุจุนู…ู„
289
00:20:14,820 --> 00:20:18,260
test upper bari bari test ููŠ ุงู„ู€ upper limbs ุงุฑูุน
290
00:20:18,260 --> 00:20:23,060
ุฅูŠุฏูƒ ู„ููˆู‚ .. ู„ููˆู‚ .. ุฑุฎูŠู‡ู… .. ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูˆ ุบู…ุถ ุฅูŠุฏูŠูƒ ..
291
00:20:23,060 --> 00:20:26,220
ุบู…ุถ ุฅูŠุฏูŠูƒ .. ุฑุฎูŠ .. ุฃู†ุง ุจุฏู…ุณูƒ .. ุบู…ุถ ุฅูŠุฏูŠูƒ ูˆ ุฃู†ุง
292
00:20:26,220 --> 00:20:30,930
ู‚ู„ุชู„ู‡ ุดุฏ .. ุฑุฎูŠ ุฅูŠุฏูƒู†ุฒู„ ุฅูŠุฏูƒ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ู„ุงุฌูŠู†ุงู‡ุง ุฅูŠุด ุฅูŠุฏู‡
293
00:20:30,930 --> 00:20:34,330
ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ู†ุฒู„ุช ู†ุฒู„ุช ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุจู‚ูˆู„ bariatist
294
00:20:34,330 --> 00:20:37,150
positive ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ weakness ูˆูŠู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ weakness ูˆูŠู†
295
00:20:37,150 --> 00:20:41,850
ููŠ ุงู„ู€ right side ู‡ุง ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุฃุนู…ู„ู‡ุง ูˆุญุงุตู†ุง
296
00:20:41,850 --> 00:20:45,810
bariatist ุนู†ุฏูŠ ูˆ ุบู…ุถุช ุฃู†ุง ู„ุงุฌูŠุช ุฅูŠุฏูŠ ู„ุงุฌูŠุช ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ
297
00:20:45,810 --> 00:20:49,010
ุฅูŠุฏู‡ ุชู†ุฒู„ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจู‚ูˆู„ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ weakness ูˆูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
298
00:20:49,010 --> 00:20:54,190
left side ุงู„ู€ flexor ุฃูˆ elbow flexion elbow flexion
299
00:20:54,190 --> 00:20:59,000
ุดุฏ ุฅูŠุฏูƒ ู„ุนู†ุฏูƒ ุดุฏ ุฌูˆุงูŠุง ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุจุนู…ู„ู‡ ุฅูŠุด extension ูˆ
300
00:20:59,000 --> 00:21:01,900
ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนู…ู„ inflection ุฃู†ุง ุจุจุญุซ Musculocutaneous nerve
301
00:21:01,900 --> 00:21:07,420
C5 C6 ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ biceps muscle ุงุฏูุน ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุนู…ู„
302
00:21:07,420 --> 00:21:11,380
extension ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุจุนู…ู„ู‡ ุฅูŠุดุŸ flexion ุฃู†ุง ุจูุญุต ุงู„ู„ูŠ
303
00:21:11,380 --> 00:21:16,820
ู‡ูˆ triceps muscle ุงุฏูุน ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู€ radial nerve
304
00:21:16,820 --> 00:21:20,840
radial nerve ู†ุฌูŠ ู„ู„ุฅูŠุดุŸ ู„ู„ู€ hand muscle wrist
305
00:21:20,840 --> 00:21:23,800
extension ู†ุฑูุน ู„ููˆู‚ ู„ููˆู‚ ู‡ูŠูƒ ู„ุฃ ู„ุฃ ุจุตุฑุงุฎุฉ ูŠุฏูƒ ุญุฑูƒ
306
00:21:23,800 --> 00:21:27,340
ุงู„ู€ .. ุจุณ ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ุฅูŠุฏ ู„ููˆู‚ ู„ููˆู‚ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ุจุถู„ูƒ
307
00:21:27,340 --> 00:21:31,080
ุญุงุฌุฉ ุชู…ุงู… ู‡ูˆ ุจุนู…ู„ ุฅูŠุดุŸ extension ู„ู„ู€ wrist ูˆ ุฃู†ุง
308
00:21:31,080 --> 00:21:35,560
ุจุนู…ู„ู‡ flexion ู†ุจุญุซ ุงู„ู€ radial nerve ุชู…ุงู… ุดุฏ ุนูŠุทุงุจุฉ
309
00:21:35,560 --> 00:21:39,930
ุดุฏ .. ุฌูˆุงูŠุง ุฃู†ุง ุจุจุญุซ ุงู„ู€ median nerve ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
310
00:21:39,930 --> 00:21:47,830
ู‡ูˆ C8 root ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ rest flexion ู†ุฌุฑุฃ ุงู„ู€ abduction
311
00:21:47,830 --> 00:21:53,790
ุฃูˆ ู†ูƒู…ู„ ุงู„ู€ thumb ุฏุฎู„ ู„ุฌูˆุฉ ุฅุตุจุนูƒ ุงู„ูƒุจูŠุฑ ู„ุฌูˆุฉ ุงูุฑุฏูŠ
312
00:21:53,790 --> 00:21:58,570
ูŠุฏูƒ ุฏุฎู„ ุฅุตุจุนูƒ ู„ุฌูˆุฉ ุจุจุญุซ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ thumb ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
313
00:21:58,570 --> 00:22:04,810
C8 one root ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ median nerve ุงูุชุญ ุญุณุงุจูƒ ุนู„ู‰
314
00:22:04,810 --> 00:22:10,280
ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ุจูุญุต ุฅูŠุด fanning of the fingers ุนู†
315
00:22:10,280 --> 00:22:16,900
ุทุฑูŠู‚ ู…ูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ ulnar nerve C8 T1 ู‚ุต .. ู‚ุต ุฅุตุจุนูƒ ..
316
00:22:16,900 --> 00:22:21,600
ู‚ุต ุงู„ูˆุฑู‚ุฉ ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุจุดุฏ .. ู‚ุต ุจุงู„ุญุงู…ุฉ .. ู‚ุต .. ุดุฏู‡ุง ุฒูŠ
317
00:22:21,600 --> 00:22:29,760
ู‡ูŠูƒ .. ุจุตุจุนู‡ุง .. ุชู…ุงู… .. ู‡ูŠ ุดุฏ .. ุดุฏ ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุจุณุญุจู‡ุง
318
00:22:29,760 --> 00:22:33,960
ู…ู†ู‡ ุฃู†ุง ุจู€ .. ุจู€ .. ุจูุญุต ุงู„ู€ ulnar nerve ulnar nerve
319
00:22:33,960 --> 00:22:37,840
ุจุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃู†ุง ูุญุตุช ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู€ upper limb muscle
320
00:22:37,840 --> 00:22:41,380
weakness ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ู„ู€ lower limb ุชู…ุงู… ุงุฑูุน ุฌู‡ุฉ ูˆ ุถุฑูˆุฑูŠ
321
00:22:41,380 --> 00:22:43,620
ุฃู‚ุงุฑู† ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ู…ุน ูŠู…ูŠู† ุจุณ ุฃู†ุง ุนุดุงู† ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ุจุฏูŠ ุฃู€
322
00:22:43,620 --> 00:22:46,820
ุฃูุญุต ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุจุณ ูƒู„ ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุจูุญุตู‡ุง ุจูุญุต ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ
323
00:22:46,820 --> 00:22:51,020
ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ู…ุนู‡ุง ุงุฑูุน ู„ููˆู‚ ุฃู†ุง ุจูุญุต ู„ููˆู‚ ู„ููˆู‚ ุนู„ู‰
324
00:22:51,020 --> 00:22:55,480
ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ุจูุญุต ู…ูŠู†ุŸ hip flexion ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ femoral nerve
325
00:22:55,480 --> 00:23:00,560
ุงู„ูŠูˆุณูˆุณ muscle ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุงูุญุต ุฑุฌู„ูƒ ููˆู‚ ู†ุฒู„ ุชุญุช ุชุญุช
326
00:23:00,560 --> 00:23:06,840
ู†ุฒู„ ู†ุฒู„ ู†ุฒู„ ุจุงูุญุต ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ extension of the hip ุนู†
327
00:23:06,840 --> 00:23:11,340
ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู€ inferior gluteal nerve ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ู„ู„ู€
328
00:23:11,340 --> 00:23:16,180
abduction ูˆ ุงู„ู€ abduction of the muscle ุจุญุท ุฃูŠุฏูŠ ููŠ
329
00:23:16,180 --> 00:23:19,990
ุงู„ู€ abduction ูˆูŠู† ุจูƒูˆู† ุจุญุท ุฅูŠุฏูŠุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌ ุจุฑุง ุงูุชุญ
330
00:23:19,990 --> 00:23:23,870
ุญูˆุถ ุงูุชุญ ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุจุณูƒุฑ ู‡ุฐุง ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ superior gluteal
331
00:23:23,870 --> 00:23:28,030
nerve ููŠ ุงู„ู€ adduction ุงูุชุญ ุญูˆุถ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุจุญุท ุฅูŠุฏูŠ ููŠ
332
00:23:28,030 --> 00:23:30,570
ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ immediately ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุณูƒุฑ ุงู„ุญูˆุถ ุชุจุนู‡
333
00:23:30,570 --> 00:23:34,270
ุณูƒุฑ ุฑุฌู„ูŠูƒ ู„ุฌูˆู‡ ุณูƒุฑ ุณูƒุฑ ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุจุญุงูˆู„ ุฃูุชุญ ุฑุฌู„ูŠู‡ ูƒู…ุงู†
334
00:23:34,270 --> 00:23:39,490
ู…ุฑุฉ ุจุญุท ุฅูŠุฏูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ ูˆ ู‡ูˆ ุจุณูƒุฑ ุฑุฌู„ูŠู‡ ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุจุญุงูˆู„
335
00:23:39,490 --> 00:23:42,790
ุฃูุชุญ ู„ุฅูŠุดุŸ ู„ู„ู€ hip joint ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ adduction ูˆ ุฃู†ุง
336
00:23:42,790 --> 00:23:47,810
ุจุนู…ู„ู‡ abduction ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฅูŠุดุŸ obturator nerve
337
00:23:49,620 --> 00:23:56,280
ู†ุฌูŠ ู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ู†ูŠู‡ ูŠุนู…ู„ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุงุฏูุน ู„ู‡ .. ุงุฏูุนู‡ูˆ
338
00:23:56,280 --> 00:23:59,720
ุจุนู…ู„ extension ู„ู€ ุงู„ู€ knee ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุจุนู…ู„ู‡ flexion ุนู†
339
00:23:59,720 --> 00:24:03,100
ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู€ quadriceps muscle ุฃูˆ femoral nerve ุงู„ุนูƒุณ
340
00:24:03,100 --> 00:24:06,600
ุณุงูƒุฑ ุฑุฌู„ูƒ ู„ุชุญุช ู„ุชุญุช ู„ุชุญุช ู„ุชุญุช ุณุงูƒุฑู‡ุง ุงุซู†ูŠู‡ุง ู„ุชุญุช
341
00:24:06,600 --> 00:24:10,780
ู„ุชุญุช ุงุซู†ูŠู‡ุง ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ู‡ูˆ ุจุนู…ู„ flexion ู„ู€ ุงู„ู€ knee ูˆ ุฃู†ุง
342
00:24:10,780 --> 00:24:14,980
ุจุนู…ู„ู‡ extension ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู€ sciatic nerve ู†ู†ุฒู„ ู„ู€ ุงู„ู€
343
00:24:14,980 --> 00:24:19,900
foot ููŠ ุงู„ู€ foot ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุนู…ู„ ุฏุฑุณ flexion ู„ู€ ุงู„ู€ foot ุดุฏ
344
00:24:19,900 --> 00:24:23,470
ู„ู€ ุนู†ุฏูƒ ุฃุตุงุจุนูƒ ู„ููˆู‚ ู„ููˆู‚ ู„ู€ ุนู†ุฏูƒ ูƒู…ุงู† common
345
00:24:23,470 --> 00:24:26,130
peroneal nerveุŒ plantar reflection ุงุชูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ุชุญุชุŒ
346
00:24:26,130 --> 00:24:29,710
ุฏูˆุณ ุจู†ุฒูŠู†ุฉ ุชุญุชุŒ ุจุงูุญุต ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ tibial nerveุŒ ุงู„ู€ big
347
00:24:29,710 --> 00:24:34,190
toe ู„ููˆู‚ุŒ ู„ููˆู‚ุŒ ุจุงูุญุต ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ big toeุŒ
348
00:24:34,190 --> 00:24:38,630
dorsiflexionุŒ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู€ five root ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ deep
349
00:24:38,630 --> 00:24:45,390
peroneal nerve ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู‡ูˆ reflexesุŒ reflexes
350
00:24:45,390 --> 00:24:50,210
are involuntary action performed in response to
351
00:24:50,210 --> 00:24:55,370
impulsesุŒ a sensory impulse ููŠ ู‡ู†ุง deep reflexes
352
00:24:55,370 --> 00:24:59,010
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… muscle stretch reflexes ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡
353
00:24:59,010 --> 00:25:02,690
ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ reflex joint movement ูˆููŠ ู‡ู†ุง
354
00:25:02,690 --> 00:25:07,350
superficial reflexes without joint movement muscle
355
00:25:07,350 --> 00:25:15,490
stretch reflex arc ู†ุดูˆู ู‡ู†ุง slide
356
00:25:19,360 --> 00:25:26,120
ู„ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุจุงู„ู€ hammer ุนู…ู„ุช tapping ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ tendon of a
357
00:25:26,120 --> 00:25:31,020
quadriceps muscle ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุฑุงุญ ุชุฑูˆุญ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ receptors
358
00:25:31,020 --> 00:25:35,500
ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ sensory fibers of the femoral nerve ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ
359
00:25:35,500 --> 00:25:40,060
ู„ู„ู€ posterior root posterior root ganglion ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
360
00:25:40,060 --> 00:25:43,970
posterior horn cells ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ posterior horn
361
00:25:43,970 --> 00:25:47,650
cells ูˆ ุงู„ู€ anterior horn cells ููŠ inter neurons ูˆ
362
00:25:47,650 --> 00:25:51,390
ุฃุถูุชู‡ุง integrative function ุงู„ู€ Corticospinal
363
00:25:51,390 --> 00:25:54,450
tract ุจูŠุนู…ู„ regulation ู„ุฅู„ู‡ ูˆ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
364
00:25:54,450 --> 00:25:57,930
posterior horn cells ุชู†ุชุฌ ู„ู„ู€ anterior horn cells
365
00:25:57,930 --> 00:26:04,070
ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุชุฑุฌุน ุจุงู„ู€ anterior root ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ anterior root
366
00:26:04,580 --> 00:26:08,540
ุจุชุฌูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ femoral nerve as motor fibers of
367
00:26:08,540 --> 00:26:13,480
femoral nerve ูˆ ุจุชุตู„ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
368
00:26:13,480 --> 00:26:17,740
quadriceps muscle ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ contraction ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
369
00:26:17,740 --> 00:26:20,300
quadriceps muscle ุงู„ู€ quadriceps muscle ุจุชุนู…ู„ู†ุง
370
00:26:20,300 --> 00:26:24,120
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ extension of the knee ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡
371
00:26:24,120 --> 00:26:27,820
ุจุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฅู†ู†ุง ุญุตู„ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ knee jerk ุฃูˆ
372
00:26:27,820 --> 00:26:28,880
knee reflex
373
00:26:34,480 --> 00:26:38,740
ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุจุงู„ู€ Deep Reflexes ููŠ ุงู„ู€ face ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุฌูˆุฌูŠุฑูƒ
374
00:26:38,740 --> 00:26:42,840
ุฃุนุทูŠุชูƒู… ู…ูŠุงู‡ ุจุณุญุทู‡ ู…ุนุงูƒ ุจุนู…ู„ tapping ุนู„ู‰ ุฅุตุจุนูŠ ูˆูŠู†
375
00:26:42,840 --> 00:26:47,780
ุงู„ู€ mental forming ุงู„ู€ right ูˆ ุงู„ู€ left ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ูŠุตูŠุฑ
376
00:26:47,780 --> 00:26:50,860
mild closure ุฃูˆ ู…ุง ูŠุตูŠุฑุด ุฃูŠ movement ู„ูƒู† ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†
377
00:26:50,860 --> 00:26:54,140
ุนู†ุฏู‡ hyper reflexe ููŠ ุงู„ encephalopathy ุฑุงุญ ู†ู„ุงุญุธ
378
00:26:54,140 --> 00:26:58,740
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… hyper reflexe ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูŠูƒูˆู†
379
00:26:58,740 --> 00:27:02,500
ุงู„ afferent and efferent pathway the mandibular nerve
380
00:27:03,200 --> 00:27:07,100
ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ู„ Upper Limb ุงู„ Upper Limb ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ Biceps
381
00:27:07,100 --> 00:27:10,960
Jerk Biceps Jerk ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡
382
00:27:10,960 --> 00:27:14,560
Musculocutaneous nerve ุฃู†ุง ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจูƒูˆู†
383
00:27:14,560 --> 00:27:20,280
relaxed ุชู…ุงู… ูˆ ุจุญุท ุฃุตุจุนูŠ ุนู„ู‰ tendon of the biceps
384
00:27:20,280 --> 00:27:26,360
muscle ูˆ ุจู…ุณูƒ ุงู„ู‡ู…ุฑ ุจุฃุตุจุนูŠู† ูู†ุฒู„ ุชู†ุฒูŠู„ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡
385
00:27:26,360 --> 00:27:31,720
ุฅูŠุด ุตุงุฑ ู…ุนู†ุงุฉุŸ flexion ู„ู€ ุงู„ elbow
386
00:27:34,930 --> 00:27:39,210
ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ biceps reflex ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ the subbinator reflex
387
00:27:39,210 --> 00:27:43,170
ุฃูˆ brachioradialis reflex ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ the radial nerve
388
00:27:43,170 --> 00:27:47,410
ุจุทู„ุน proximal ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุณุงู†ุชูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ styloid process
389
00:27:47,410 --> 00:27:53,090
ุจุดูŠุฑ ุงู† subbination ู…ุนูู„ูƒุดูŠู† ู„ู„ hand ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ reflex
390
00:27:53,090 --> 00:27:58,630
ุงุณู…ู‡ subbination ุฃูˆ brachioradialis ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ ููŠ
391
00:27:58,630 --> 00:28:04,820
ุงู„ upper limbs ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ triceps reflex ู‡ุฐุง
392
00:28:04,820 --> 00:28:10,060
extension reflex ูˆ ุจู…ุณูƒ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู…ู† ุงูŠุฏู‡ ุชูƒูˆู†
393
00:28:10,060 --> 00:28:15,440
relaxed ุฑุฎุญ ุงูŠุฏูƒ ุฑุฎูŠู‡ุง ูˆ ุจุญุณ ุจูŠุฏูŠ ูˆ ุงู† ุงู„ tendon
394
00:28:15,440 --> 00:28:20,520
of the triceps muscle ุฑุฎุญ ุนู„ูŠูƒ ุบู…ุถ ุนูŠู†ูŠูƒ ุนุดุงู†
395
00:28:20,520 --> 00:28:25,630
ู…ุง ูŠุฑูƒุฒุด ู…ุง ูŠุนู…ู„ ุงู†ู‡ูŠุจุดู† ู„ู„ reflex ุนูŠุฏ ู„ู„ุนุดุฑุฉ ูˆ ุฃู†ุง
396
00:28:25,630 --> 00:28:32,730
ุนู…ู„ุช tapping ูˆูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ tendon of the
397
00:28:32,730 --> 00:28:38,930
triceps muscle ุนู…ู„ ู…ุนุงูŠุง extension ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ู€ elbow
398
00:28:38,930 --> 00:28:43,550
extension ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ู€ elbow ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุณุฆูˆู„
399
00:28:43,550 --> 00:28:48,410
ุนู†ู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ the radial nerve the radial nerve triceps
400
00:28:48,410 --> 00:28:52,210
muscle ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ biceps ุงูŠูˆุง biceps reflex
401
00:28:54,930 --> 00:28:57,090
ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฏูŠ contraction ู„ู„ู€ biceps ูˆ relaxation
402
00:28:57,090 --> 00:29:02,290
ู„ู„ู€ triceps ููŠ ุงู„ู€ triceps reflex ุฑุงุญ ูŠุญุตู„ ุนูƒุณ
403
00:29:02,290 --> 00:29:08,230
contraction ู„ู€ triceps muscle ู…ุน relaxation
404
00:29:08,230 --> 00:29:10,490
ู„ู€ biceps muscle
405
00:29:13,550 --> 00:29:17,210
ุงู„ lower limbs ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ knee jerk knee jerk ู…ู…ูƒู†
406
00:29:17,210 --> 00:29:22,030
ุงุจุญุซ ุนู† ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุทุฑู‚ ู…ุฏ ุฑุฌู„ูŠูƒ ู…ุฏ ู‡ูˆู† relax ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุดูˆูŠุฉ
407
00:29:22,030 --> 00:29:27,130
ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุชู…ุงู… ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงูƒูˆู† ู…ุด fixed ุจุญุณ ุจุตุจุนูŠ ูˆูŠู†
408
00:29:27,130 --> 00:29:31,790
ุงู„ tendon ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ quadriceps ุจุชู„ุฑ tendon ูˆ
409
00:29:31,790 --> 00:29:35,690
ุจุนู…ู„ ุงูŠู‡ ุจูƒูˆู† ุงู†ุง ุฑุงูุน ุงู„ุจู†ุทู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู…ุด ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ
410
00:29:35,690 --> 00:29:37,850
ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด
411
00:29:37,850 --> 00:29:37,910
ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด
412
00:29:37,910 --> 00:29:37,930
ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด
413
00:29:37,930 --> 00:29:39,610
ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด
414
00:29:39,610 --> 00:29:39,690
ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด
415
00:29:39,690 --> 00:29:39,750
ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด ู…ุด
416
00:29:45,040 --> 00:29:48,760
ุฅูŠุด ุตุงุฑ ุนู†ุฏูŠุŸ ุฃุณู ุชุจู‚ู‰ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ quadriceps tendon
417
00:29:48,760 --> 00:29:54,380
ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ู…ุนุงูƒ extension ู„ู„ู€ knee ูˆู†ูุณ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ even
418
00:29:54,380 --> 00:29:57,580
ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ hyper reflex ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ hyper reflex ูŠุง
419
00:29:57,580 --> 00:30:02,340
ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ okay ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ ุงู„ quadriceps reflex ุชูุถู„ ู‡ู†ุง ุนุณุฑูŠ
420
00:30:02,340 --> 00:30:06,560
ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุจุญุซ ุงู„ biceps reflex ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ููŠ
421
00:30:06,560 --> 00:30:13,120
supine position ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ biceps ุฑุฎูŠู‡ุง ุฏู‡
422
00:30:13,120 --> 00:30:14,440
ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ supination
423
00:30:17,600 --> 00:30:24,820
ู‡ุฐุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ knee jerk ู‡ุฐุง
424
00:30:24,820 --> 00:30:29,740
knee jerk ุจูุตู„ ุฑุฌู„ูŠู‡ ุนู† ุจุนุถ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ูุญุต ุงู„ู„ูŠ
425
00:30:29,740 --> 00:30:37,080
ู‡ูˆ Achilles tendon ุฃูˆ ankles jerk ุฃูˆ Achilles jerk ุนู†
426
00:30:37,080 --> 00:30:42,060
ุทุฑูŠู‚ the tibial nerve ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุนุฏุฉ ุทุฑู‚ ู„ูุญุตู‡ ุฃู†ุง ุจู†ุชุธุฑ
427
00:30:42,060 --> 00:30:44,960
ููŠ ุงู„ achilles ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ ankle jerk ูŠุตูŠุฑ plantar
428
00:30:44,960 --> 00:30:48,640
flexion ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ุงุฒู… ุจุญุท ุฑุฌู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุฑุฌู„ ูˆ ุจุนู…ู„ mild
429
00:30:48,640 --> 00:30:51,280
ุจุตุจุนูŠ .. mild .. ุฑุฎูŠ .. ุฑุฎูŠ .. ุงู†ุช ู…ุงุชุนู…ู„ุด ุดูŠ ..
430
00:30:51,280 --> 00:30:54,420
ู…ุงุชุนู…ู„ุด ุดุฏ .. ุฑุฎูŠ ุญุงุฌุฉ .. mild ุงูŠุด .. dorsiflexion
431
00:30:54,420 --> 00:30:59,940
ูˆ ุจุญุงูˆู„ ุฃุนู…ู„ pressure ุนูˆูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ Achilles tendon
432
00:30:59,940 --> 00:31:04,750
ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‡ุดุงูŠููŠู† ุตุงุฑ ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ ุงูŠุดุŸ plantar flexion ููŠ ุญุงู„
433
00:31:04,750 --> 00:31:07,870
ุฃู†ุง ุชุฑูƒุชู‡ ููŠ ูˆุถุน reflection ูˆุนู…ู„ุช ุจุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฎุทุฃ
434
00:31:07,870 --> 00:31:11,070
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ุงุฒู… ุงุนู…ู„ ุจุตุจุน ุงูŠุด dorsiflexion ุนุดุงู† ุงุญุตู„ ุนู„ู‰
435
00:31:11,070 --> 00:31:15,730
ุงูŠุด ุนู„ู‰ plantar flexion ูˆุจู†ูุณ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู„ left side
436
00:31:15,730 --> 00:31:21,410
ููŠ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ู„ู‡ู… ุจุจุญุซ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจุจุนู…ู„ flexion ู„ู€ hip
437
00:31:21,410 --> 00:31:27,170
flexion knee ูˆ ุจ tapping ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ Achilles tendon ุญู„ูˆุฉ
438
00:31:27,170 --> 00:31:32,050
ูˆุงุถุญ ุฑุฎูŠู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ
439
00:31:35,850 --> 00:31:39,750
ููŠ mild clonus ู‡ุงูŠ clonus ุดูˆูุช ุงู„ clonus ูƒูŠูุŸ
440
00:31:39,750 --> 00:31:46,850
ู‡ุงูŠ clonus ุชู…ุงู… ููŠ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุซุงู„ุซุฉ ุงุชูุถู„ ุจุญุงูˆู„ ุงูˆู‚ู
441
00:31:46,850 --> 00:31:55,870
ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูƒุฑุณูŠ ุงูŠุฌุงูู‡ุง ุงุฑูƒุจู‡ุง ุฒูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงูุญุต
442
00:31:55,870 --> 00:32:01,250
ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู…ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠุด ุณุฑูŠุฑ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูˆ ุจุนู…ู„ู‡ plantar
443
00:32:01,250 --> 00:32:04,270
dorsiflexion ูˆ ุจุนู…ู„ tapping ูˆุงุถุญ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ
444
00:32:04,270 --> 00:32:13,590
ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซุฉ clonus ุดุงูŠููŠู† ุงู„ clonusุŸ clonus ุนุดุงู†
445
00:32:13,590 --> 00:32:17,910
ุชุดูˆูู‡ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู†ุฏู‡ hyperreflexion ุชูุถู„ ุณุฑูŠุน ุฎู„ูŠูƒ
446
00:32:17,910 --> 00:32:18,150
ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง
447
00:32:21,720 --> 00:32:25,920
ClonusุŒ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู€ ClonusุŸ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† rhythmic
448
00:32:25,920 --> 00:32:30,260
series of contraction in response to sudden
449
00:32:30,260 --> 00:32:33,840
stretch of the muscle tendonุŒ ููŠู‡ุง ankle clonus ูˆููŠ
450
00:32:33,840 --> 00:32:36,640
patella clonusุŒ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุดูŠุก ุจู†ุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ ูˆ ุจู†ุจุญุซ ุนู†
451
00:32:36,640 --> 00:32:39,900
ankle clonus ุงู„ู€ cause of clonus ู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู†
452
00:32:39,900 --> 00:32:43,200
organic causeุŒ ุฃุจุฑู…ูˆุชู‡ุŒ neurone lesionุŒ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู†
453
00:32:43,200 --> 00:32:45,960
psychogenicุŒ hystericalุŒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† symmetricalุŒ
454
00:32:45,960 --> 00:32:49,780
bilateralุŒ without neurological deficitุŒ ุชูุถู„ ู‡ู†ุง
455
00:32:52,790 --> 00:32:59,970
ุฏู‡ ุบู„ุจูƒ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ูƒูŠู ู†ูุญุต ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ankle
456
00:32:59,970 --> 00:33:07,090
clonus ุจุนู…ู„
457
00:33:07,090 --> 00:33:14,090
sudden stretch sudden stretch ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุญุฏุซ ู…ุนุงู‡ ุฑุงุฎุนู‡
458
00:33:14,090 --> 00:33:18,390
ู„ุฃ ูƒู†ุง ู‚ุทุงูˆู‡ ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุจูุญุต ููŠ ุงู„ ankle jerks ุงู„ู„ูŠ
459
00:33:18,390 --> 00:33:18,810
ุญุงุทู‡
460
00:33:23,330 --> 00:33:26,910
ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ู…ุนู†ู‰ ุญุฑูƒุงุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ูˆุงุถุญุฉ clonus ุดุงูŠููŠู† clonus ูƒูŠู
461
00:33:26,910 --> 00:33:32,410
ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ clonus ุนู†ุฏู‡ clonus of ankle ุชูุถู„ ุงุดุชุฑูŠูƒ
462
00:33:32,410 --> 00:33:37,170
ุชุนุงู„ู‰ ู…ู† ุฏู‡ ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ superficial reflexes
463
00:33:37,170 --> 00:33:42,610
ู…ู† ุถู…ู†ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ conjunctival reflex touch the eye
464
00:33:42,610 --> 00:33:47,110
from the lateral side leads to blinking of both eyes
465
00:33:47,110 --> 00:33:50,840
ูƒู„ู†ุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ู…ุนู†ู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ conjunctival reflex ุฃูˆ
466
00:33:50,840 --> 00:33:55,460
corneal reflex ู„ูˆ ู…ุงุดูŠู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุดุงุฑุน ูˆุฎุงุจ ุฑูŠุญ ุบุจุฑุฉ
467
00:33:55,460 --> 00:33:58,900
ุฃุฌุช ุฃูŠ ุดูŠุก ุบุจุฑุฉ ููŠ ุนูŠู†ุง ุจู†ุณูƒุฑ ุนูŠู†ุง ุจุณุฑุนุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ
468
00:33:58,900 --> 00:34:02,700
conjunctival reflex ุฃูˆ corneal reflex ุจู†ูุญุตู‡ ููŠ
469
00:34:02,700 --> 00:34:05,660
ุงู„ู…ุณุชุดูู‰ ุจู†ุดูˆูู‡ ูƒูŠู ุงู„ afferent ุดุฑุญุชู„ูƒูˆุง ูŠุง
470
00:34:05,660 --> 00:34:07,940
ู„ุชุฑุงูŠุฌูŠ ู…ู† the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve ูˆ ุงู„
471
00:34:07,940 --> 00:34:11,060
efferent the facial nerve ู‡ุฐุง ุดุฑุญู†ุงู‡ ููŠ cranial nerve
472
00:34:11,060 --> 00:34:14,860
examination ูˆ ุงู„ palatal reflex ุดุฑุญู†ุงู‡ ููŠ ุงู„
473
00:34:14,860 --> 00:34:17,820
cranial nerves ูˆ ุงู„ pharyngeal reflex ุฃูˆ
474
00:34:17,820 --> 00:34:21,940
the gag reflex ุงู†ุดุฑุญ ููŠ cranial nerves ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุจุนุฏู‡ุง
475
00:34:21,940 --> 00:34:29,760
ุจู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ู€ abdominal reflexes ู…ู† T6 ู„ู€ T12 ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง
476
00:34:29,760 --> 00:34:33,540
ุนู…ู„ู†ุง stroking ู„ู„ skin by a pin from the lateral to
477
00:34:33,540 --> 00:34:36,780
medianormal response ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง shifting
478
00:34:36,780 --> 00:34:41,540
ู„ู„ umbilicus towards the side of stimulation ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง
479
00:34:41,540 --> 00:34:46,000
three types of reflexes ููŠ upper abdominal reflex
480
00:34:46,000 --> 00:34:53,600
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ T6 ูˆ T8 ูˆููŠ middle abdominal reflex T9 ูˆ T10
481
00:34:53,600 --> 00:34:59,290
ูˆููŠ lower abdominal reflex T11 ูˆ T12 ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ู…ู…ูƒู†
482
00:34:59,290 --> 00:35:04,510
ุชุนุฏู„ูˆู‡ู… T6 to T8, T9 to T10, T11 to T12 ุฃุตุญู‰
483
00:35:04,510 --> 00:35:10,630
cremasteric reflex ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ males ุจูŠุนู…ู„ stroking ู„ู„
484
00:35:10,630 --> 00:35:14,010
skin of the upper part of the medial aspect of the thigh
485
00:35:14,010 --> 00:35:19,610
ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ contraction ู„ู€ cremasteric muscle ูˆ ููŠ
486
00:35:19,610 --> 00:35:23,370
ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ elevation ู„ู„ testis the anal reflex
487
00:35:23,370 --> 00:35:27,150
striking across the buttocks ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง
488
00:35:27,150 --> 00:35:32,110
contraction ู„ู€ external anal sphincter ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ
489
00:35:32,110 --> 00:35:36,010
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง preserved anal reflex ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุง ุงู„
490
00:35:36,010 --> 00:35:40,810
anal reflex ู†ูุญุตู‡ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช spinal cord lesion ููŠ
491
00:35:40,810 --> 00:35:43,670
ุญุงู„ุงุช transverse myelitis for differential
492
00:35:43,670 --> 00:35:47,850
diagnosis between cauda equina syndrome and transverse
493
00:35:47,850 --> 00:35:54,460
myelitis ุจู†ูŠุฌูŠ ู„ู„ .. abdominal reflex ุฑุฎูŠ ุงูŠุฏูŠูƒ ..
494
00:35:54,460 --> 00:35:58,680
ุฑุฎูŠ ุงูŠุฏูŠูƒ .. ุฑุฎูŠู‡ู… ุชุญุช ุงุชู†ู‚ู„ ุฑุฌู„ูŠูƒ ุดูˆูŠุฉ .. ุงุชู†ู‚ู„
495
00:35:58,680 --> 00:35:59,840
ุงุชู†ู‚ู„ .. ุงุชู†ู‚ู„ .. ุงุชู†ู‚ู„ .. ุงุชู†ู‚ู„ .. ุงุชู†ู‚ู„ .. ุงุชู†ู‚ู„
496
00:35:59,840 --> 00:35:59,960
.. ุงุชู†ู‚ู„ .. ุงุชู†ู‚ู„ .. ุงุชู†ู‚ู„ .. ุงุชู†ู‚ู„ .. ุงุชู†ู‚ู„ ..
497
00:35:59,960 --> 00:36:00,360
ุงุชู†ู‚ู„ .. ุงุชู†ู‚ู„ .. ุงุชู†ู‚ู„ .. ุงุชู†ู‚ู„ .. ุงุชู†ู‚ู„ .. ุงุชู†ู‚ู„
498
00:36:00,360 --> 00:36:01,580
.. ุงุชู†ู‚ู„ .. ุงุชู†ู‚ู„ .. ุงุชู†ู‚ู„ .. ุงุชู†ู‚ู„ .. ุงุชู†ู‚ู„ ..
499
00:36:01,580 --> 00:36:02,740
ุงุชู†ู‚ู„ .. ุงุชู†ู‚ู„ .. ุงุชู†ู‚ู„ .. ุงุชู†ู‚ู„ .. ุงุชู†ู‚ู„ .. ุงุชู†ู‚ู„
500
00:36:02,740 --> 00:36:08,430
.. ุงุชู†ู‚ู„ .. ุชู…ุงู… ูˆ ุงู„ middle ู…ู† ุงู„ lateral ู„ู€ ุงู„
501
00:36:08,430 --> 00:36:12,290
medial ูˆ ุงู„ inferior ูˆ ุงู„ inguinal area ู…ู† ุงู„
502
00:36:12,290 --> 00:36:15,270
lateral ู„ ุงู„ medial ุนู†ุฏู‡ weak ุงู„ reflexes ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ู„ุฃู†
503
00:36:15,270 --> 00:36:17,550
ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง multiple sclerosis ูˆ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู…
504
00:36:17,550 --> 00:36:20,310
decrease abdominal reflexes .. decrease abdominal
505
00:36:20,310 --> 00:36:28,730
reflexes abnormal plantar reflexes ุจุงุจูŠู†ุณูƒูŠ ..
506
00:36:28,730 --> 00:36:34,110
ุจุงุจูŠู†ุณูƒูŠ ู‡ูˆ negative ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ูŠูƒูˆู† negative
507
00:36:34,110 --> 00:36:39,630
ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ plantar reflex ู„ ุงู„ toes ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุจุนุถ
508
00:36:39,630 --> 00:36:43,210
ุงู„ุฃุญูŠุงู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู† positive ุฎุงุตุฉ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุฃุทูุงู„ุŒ ุนู†ุฏ
509
00:36:43,210 --> 00:36:46,470
ุงู„ุฃุทูุงู„ ู„ุญุฏ ุณู†ุฉ ูˆ ู†ุต normally ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ positive
510
00:36:46,470 --> 00:36:50,760
ุจุงุจูŠู†ุณูƒูŠ reflex ูƒูŠู ุจู†ุจุญุซูˆุง ุจู†ุนู…ู„ scratch ู„ ..
511
00:36:50,760 --> 00:36:55,360
scratch ู„ ุงู„ lateral aspect of foot ู…ู† ุงู„ lateral
512
00:36:55,360 --> 00:36:59,600
ู„ ุงู„ medial ู‡ูŠ ุชู…ุณูƒ ุงู„ foot ูˆ ุจุนู…ู„ scratch ู„ .. ู…ู† ุงู„
513
00:36:59,600 --> 00:37:03,910
lateral ู„ ุฅูŠุดุŸ ู„ ุงู„ medial ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏ ุฅูŠุดุŸ fanning
514
00:37:03,910 --> 00:37:10,390
ู„ูƒู„ ุฃุตุงุจุน ูˆ ุงู„ toes ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุงู„ุจุงุจูŠู†ุณูƒูŠ ุฅู…ุซู„ูƒูˆุง
515
00:37:10,390 --> 00:37:13,450
ู„ู…ุง ู†ูƒูˆู† positive ุจู†ูŠุฌูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ lateral ู„ ุงู„ medial
516
00:37:13,450 --> 00:37:17,830
ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุจุงุจูŠู†ุณูƒูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุจุงุจูŠู†ุณูƒูŠ ุฅูŠุด ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ
517
00:37:17,830 --> 00:37:20,250
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุจุงุจูŠู†ุณูƒูŠ reflex ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ fanning ู…ุน
518
00:37:20,250 --> 00:37:24,510
affliction ู„ ุงู„ four toes ู…ุน dorsiflexion ู„ ุงู„ big
519
00:37:24,510 --> 00:37:27,190
toe ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠุช ุนู…ู„ุช scratch ู…ู† ุงู„
520
00:37:27,190 --> 00:37:29,850
lateral ู„ ุงู„ medial ููŠ ุงู„ุจุงุจูŠู†ุณูƒูŠ reflex ุฅูŠุด ุฑุงุญ ูŠุตูŠุฑ
521
00:37:29,850 --> 00:37:32,250
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุจุงุจูŠู†ุณูƒูŠ ุฏู‡ ูƒุงู† positive ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ
522
00:37:33,030 --> 00:37:36,010
fanning ู…ุน reflection ู„ู„ู€ four fingersุŒ four toes
523
00:37:36,010 --> 00:37:40,210
ู…ุน dorsiflexion ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ู€ big toe ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุจุณู…ูŠู‡
524
00:37:40,210 --> 00:37:47,190
ุจุงุจูŠู†ุณูƒูŠ reflex positive ููŠ ุดูŠูุฑ reflex ูˆ ููŠ open
525
00:37:47,190 --> 00:37:51,070
ham ูˆ ููŠ ุฌุฑุฏุงู† ูˆ ููŠ ุฌุฑุฏุงู† reflex ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุดูˆููˆู‡ ุฃู†ุง
526
00:37:51,070 --> 00:37:55,410
ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุง ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุจุงุจูŠู†ุณูƒูŠ ููŠ grading system
527
00:37:55,410 --> 00:38:01,250
ู„ู„reflexes zero absent reflex ูˆุงุญุฏ reduce ุฃูˆ
528
00:38:01,250 --> 00:38:06,250
hypoactive ุฃูˆ hyporeflexia ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู† normal
529
00:38:06,250 --> 00:38:10,290
ุชู„ุงุชุฉ increase ุฃูˆ hyperreflexia ุงุฑุจุน ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
530
00:38:10,290 --> 00:38:15,430
clonosis ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ุนุจู‘ูŠู†ุง plank ู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจู„ุงุญุธู†ุง ุนู†ุฏู‡
531
00:38:15,430 --> 00:38:19,530
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ right side ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
532
00:38:19,530 --> 00:38:21,350
left ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุจู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุนู†ุฏู‡
533
00:38:21,350 --> 00:38:25,190
hyperreflexia ูˆูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ right side ุงุฐุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ right
534
00:38:25,190 --> 00:38:28,050
side hyperreflexia ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ spastic right
535
00:38:28,050 --> 00:38:32,230
side hemiplegia ุงู„ุขู† ุจู†ุชู‚ู„ ุฎู„ุตู†ุง ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ motor
536
00:38:32,230 --> 00:38:35,010
ุจู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ examination of coordination ู‡ูŠ ุชุงุจุนุฉ
537
00:38:35,010 --> 00:38:39,030
ู„ู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ุจุณ ู‡ูŠ cerebellar system ุงู„ symptoms
538
00:38:39,030 --> 00:38:43,730
ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ู… ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ataxia, discordination, muscle
539
00:38:43,730 --> 00:38:48,570
hypotonia ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃู† damage of cerebellar leads to
540
00:38:48,570 --> 00:38:51,880
muscle hypotonia intentional tremor ุฅูŠุด intentional
541
00:38:51,880 --> 00:38:56,560
tremor ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† tremor which increase as the limb
542
00:38:56,560 --> 00:39:02,620
approaches its target ูˆูŠูƒูˆู† maximum ุฃูˆ ุงู„ tremor
543
00:39:02,620 --> 00:39:06,340
during and maximal ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ end of movement
544
00:39:06,340 --> 00:39:10,140
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุจูŠู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ maximum
545
00:39:10,140 --> 00:39:15,830
tremor ูˆ absent at rest ุจุฎุชู„ู ุนู† ุงู„ Parkinsonian
546
00:39:15,830 --> 00:39:19,630
tremor in Parkinson disease ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… resting
547
00:39:19,630 --> 00:39:24,490
tremor Dysmetria Dysmetria ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† error
548
00:39:24,490 --> 00:39:28,550
in termination of movement ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ุง
549
00:39:28,550 --> 00:39:31,810
ุฎุทุฃ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุฏู„ ู…ุง ุชุญุท ุฃุตุจุนู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู†ูู‡ ูˆ ู‡ูˆ ู…ู‚ู…ุถ ุนู†ู‡
550
00:39:31,810 --> 00:39:34,410
ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ูŠุญุท ุฃุตุจุนู‡ ุฃูˆูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุขูŠู†ู‡ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง
551
00:39:34,410 --> 00:39:40,650
Dysmetria Dysdiodochokinesia ู‡ุฐู‡ failure to perform
552
00:39:40,650 --> 00:39:46,480
a rapid alternating movement this arthria type of
553
00:39:46,480 --> 00:39:50,420
slurred speech nystagmus ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู…
554
00:39:50,420 --> 00:39:55,820
horizontal nystagmus ูˆ rebound phenomenon ask the
555
00:39:55,820 --> 00:39:59,700
patient to flex elbow against resistor ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ
556
00:39:59,700 --> 00:40:02,940
ุจุนู…ู„ู‡ sudden release ุจุฑุฎูŠ ุงูŠุฏู‡ ูุฌุฃุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ
557
00:40:02,940 --> 00:40:07,300
ู‡ุฐู‡ ูŠุฑูˆุญ ูŠุตูŠุจ ูˆุฌู‡ู‡ ุงู„ุขู† ุฑุงุญ ู†ุนู…ู„ examination ู„ู„
558
00:40:07,300 --> 00:40:10,120
cerebellar ูˆ ู†ุดูˆูู‡ู… ู…ุน ุจุนุถ examination of
559
00:40:10,120 --> 00:40:15,020
coordination of the upper limbs ุฃูˆู„ ูุญุต ุนู…ู„ู„ูŠ ุญุท
560
00:40:15,020 --> 00:40:23,840
ุฃุตุจุนูƒ ู…ุน ุฃุตุจุนูƒ finger to finger test ุชู…ุงู… ุจุฑุงุญุชูƒ ูˆ
561
00:40:23,840 --> 00:40:28,900
ุฃู†ุช ู…ุบุงู…ุถ ุฃู†ูƒ ุดุงูŠููŠู† ุดูˆูŠุฉ ููŠู‡ dysmetria ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑ ูˆ
562
00:40:28,900 --> 00:40:37,400
ููŠ mild intention ุจุฑุงุญุชูƒ ููŠ ุงู„ freedom ู‡ูŠูƒ ู‡ุฐุง
563
00:40:37,400 --> 00:40:40,240
ุงุณู…ู‡ finger to finger test finger to doctor finger
564
00:40:40,240 --> 00:40:42,400
test ุฃุตุจุนูƒ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃุตุจุนูƒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
565
00:40:49,020 --> 00:40:55,640
ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ finger .. ู„ุฃ ุงู„ doctor finger test ู…ุง ุฃู‚ุฏุฑุด
566
00:40:55,640 --> 00:40:59,700
ุฃุนู…ู„ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ูุงุช ุนูŠู†ูŠู‡ ู„ุฅู† ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠูุญุต ุฌุณู…ู‡ ุจุฌุณู…
567
00:40:59,700 --> 00:41:02,920
ุขุฎุฑ ู…ู…ู†ูˆุน ุฃู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ุณูƒู‘ุฑ ุนูŠู†ูŠูƒ ูˆ ุทุจ ุชุตูˆุฑ ุฃู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ุณูƒู‘ุฑ
568
00:41:02,920 --> 00:41:05,180
ุนูŠู†ูŠูƒ ูˆ ุญุท ุฃุตุจุนูƒ ููŠ ุฃุตุจุนูŠ ูˆ ุฑูˆุญ ุชู‚ุนุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูƒุฑุณูŠ ูˆ
569
00:41:05,180 --> 00:41:09,080
ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุฏูˆุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃุตุจุนูŠ ู…ุงุฑุงุญ ูŠุธุจุท ู„ู…ุง ุฃูุญุต ูุงุช ุนูŠู†ูŠู‡
570
00:41:09,080 --> 00:41:12,730
ูˆ ู…ุบู…ุถ ุนูŠู†ูŠู‡ ุจุณ ุจุฌุณู… ู‡ูˆ ู„ูˆุญุฏู‡ ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุฑุงุจุฏ
571
00:41:12,730 --> 00:41:16,810
ุงู„ alternating movement ู„ู„ุฏุณ ุฃุฏูˆูƒูˆ ูƒูŠู†ูŠุฒูŠุง ุญุท ุฅูŠุฏูŠูƒ ุฒูŠ
572
00:41:16,810 --> 00:41:22,110
ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจุณุฑุนุฉ ุฌู„ุจู‡ู… ุจุณุฑุนุฉ ุจุณุฑุนุฉ ุจุณุฑุนุฉ ุจุณุฑุนุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุฏุณ
573
00:41:22,110 --> 00:41:24,670
ุฃุฏูˆูƒูˆ ูƒูŠู†ูŠุฒูŠุง ุจูŠู‚ุฏุฑุด ูŠุนู…ู„ rapid alternating movement
574
00:41:24,670 --> 00:41:30,830
ุฒูŠ ู‡ูŠูƒ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠู‡ endocerebellar damage okay finger
575
00:41:30,830 --> 00:41:33,470
to doctor finger to narcissist ุญู„ูˆ ุญุท ุฃุตุจุนูƒ ููŠ
576
00:41:33,470 --> 00:41:38,510
ุฃุตุจุนูŠ ุญุท ุญุท ูƒู…ุงู† ูˆ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู†ููƒ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃุตุจุนูŠ ุฃูˆ ุงู†ุช
577
00:41:38,510 --> 00:41:45,700
ูุงุชุน ุฃู†ูŠูƒ ุชู…ุงู… ุฃูŠ ู…ุฑุฉุŒ ุฅูŠุฏูƒ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู†ููƒุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŒ
578
00:41:45,700 --> 00:41:50,300
ุชู…ุงู… ููŠู‡ ุฃูˆ ุงู†ุช ูุงุชุช ุนู†ูŠุงูƒุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŒ okay ููŠู‡ tremorุŒ
579
00:41:50,300 --> 00:41:56,450
rebound phenomenon ุจุดุฏ ุฅูŠุฏู‡ ู‡ู„ุฌูŠุช ุดุฏ ุฅูŠุฏูƒ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ
580
00:41:56,450 --> 00:41:59,810
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ุดุฏ ุดุฏ ุดุฏ ุดุฏ ุดุฏ ุดุฏ ุดุฏ ุดุฏ
581
00:41:59,810 --> 00:42:08,950
ุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุดุฏุด
582
00:42:17,390 --> 00:42:21,710
ู…ู…ูƒู†ู‡ุง ูŠุตูŠุฑ delay ู„ู„ contraction of the triceps
583
00:42:21,710 --> 00:42:26,410
ูˆ ู…ู…ูƒู† ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ delay ู„ู„ .. ู„ู„ contraction of the
584
00:42:26,410 --> 00:42:32,270
triceps ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุฎุจุท ุฅูŠุด ูˆุฌู‡ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„
585
00:42:32,270 --> 00:42:38,090
examination of the lower limbs ุฃูˆู„ ุดูŠุก ุจู†ูุญุต ู‡ูŠ ุงู„
586
00:42:38,090 --> 00:42:40,210
heel to shin test ุฑุงุญ ุฃูุญุตูˆู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุทุงูˆู„ุฉ
587
00:42:40,210 --> 00:42:45,400
walking along a straight line ู‡ู„ุฃ ุฃู†ุฒู„ุงู…ุดูŠ ู„ูŠู‡ ุนู„ู‰
588
00:42:45,400 --> 00:42:48,540
ุฎุท ู…ุณุชู‚ูŠู… ู‡ุงู† ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุจูƒูˆู†ุด ู‚ุงุนุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒุฑุณูŠ ุจูƒูˆู† ุจู…ุดูŠ
589
00:42:48,540 --> 00:42:52,300
ู…ุน ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูŠุฌุนู‰ ุญุท ุฑุฌู„ูƒ ู‡ูŠูƒ ูˆ
590
00:42:52,300 --> 00:42:59,520
ุงู…ุดูŠ ุชู…ุงู…ุง ู‚ุฏุงู… ุจุนุถ ุญุท ู„ุง ู„ุง ู„ุง ุทู„ุน ุฑุฌู„ ุงู…ุงู… ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ
591
00:42:59,520 --> 00:43:06,850
ุจุณ ุจุฑุงุญุชูƒ ุฎุทูˆุงุช ูˆุฑุง ุจุนุถ ูŠู„ุง ุจูŠุฏุง ู‚ุฏุงู…ูƒ attacks ูŠุนู†ูŠ
592
00:43:06,850 --> 00:43:10,310
ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ attacks ุจุณ ุงู†ุช ุชุทู„ุน ุตุญ ูƒูŠู ุชุนู…ู„ู‡ุง ุตุญ ุจุญุท
593
00:43:10,310 --> 00:43:17,150
ุงูŠู‡ ุฑุฌู„ูŠ ุดุงูŠู ูˆุฑุฌู„ ุซุงู†ูŠ ู‚ุฏุงู…ู‡ุง ู‚ุฏุงู… ุจุนุถ ุฒูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุฃูŠุถุง
594
00:43:17,150 --> 00:43:22,970
ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ู…ุนุงู‡ attacks ุงู„ุฌูŠุช ุชู…ุงู… ู‡ู„ุฃ ุจุงูุญุต ุงู„
595
00:43:22,970 --> 00:43:26,750
Rombergism ุฑุฌู„ูƒ
596
00:43:26,750 --> 00:43:33,570
ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุชุนุงู„ูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ููˆู‚ ุฎู„ูŠู†ุง ู†ุดูˆูู‡ ุฑุฌู„ูƒ ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ู…ุน
597
00:43:33,570 --> 00:43:39,390
ุจุนุถุŒ ู…ุฏู‚ ุฏูŠ ู‚ุฏุงู…ูƒุŒ ู‚ุฏู… ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูƒุฑุณูŠุŒ ุจูุญุต ุฃู‚ูุฒุฉ
598
00:43:39,390 --> 00:43:42,970
ุนูŠู†ูŠูƒุŒ ุจูุญุต ูˆูุงุชู‡ ุนูŠู†ูŠู‡ุŒ ูˆ ู‡ูˆ ู…ุบู…ุถ ุนู†ูŠู‡ ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุจูƒูˆู†
599
00:43:42,970 --> 00:43:48,560
ุญุงู…ู„ ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูˆ ุฃู‚ู ุฌุงู†ุจู‡ุŒ ุจู„ุง ุดุฌุนุฉุŒ ุบู…ุถ ุนู†ูŠูƒ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡
600
00:43:48,560 --> 00:43:53,880
mild attack ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ decrease
601
00:43:53,880 --> 00:43:58,080
ุฎู„ุงุต ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ sensitive ataxia ู…ุฌุฑุฏ ู…ุง ูŠุบู…ุถ
602
00:43:58,080 --> 00:44:00,240
ุนูŠู†ูŠู‡ ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุน ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ู… sensitive ataxia ู„ูƒู† ููŠ
603
00:44:00,240 --> 00:44:04,860
ุงู„ cerebellar ataxia ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… discordination ูˆ ู‡ูˆ
604
00:44:04,860 --> 00:44:08,400
ูุงุช ุนูŠู†ูŠู‡ ูˆ ู‡ูˆ ู…ุบู…ุถ ุนูŠู†ูŠู‡ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ sensitive ataxia
605
00:44:08,400 --> 00:44:12,540
ู†ุงุชุฌุฉ ุนู† deep sensation loss ู…ุฌุฑุฏ ู…ุง ูŠุบู…ุถ ุนูŠู†ูŠู‡
606
00:44:12,540 --> 00:44:13,280
ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุน ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ
607
00:44:20,670 --> 00:44:22,810
ุฒุงุฑูŠุŸ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง .. ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุชู‚ูˆู„ .. ุฒูŠ .. ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ูŠุนู†ูŠ
608
00:44:22,810 --> 00:44:28,990
.. ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุดู…ุฑ
609
00:44:28,990 --> 00:44:35,310
ุฑุฌู„ูƒ .. ุดู…ุฑู‡ู… ุตุญุŸ
610
00:44:35,310 --> 00:44:40,050
ุชุงู†ูŠ ุฃู‡ุŸ
611
00:44:40,050 --> 00:44:43,810
ู†ุนู… ุฃูˆู„ ุดูŠุก ุฃู†ุง ุจุนู„ู… ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุฅูŠุด ูŠุณูˆูŠุŒ ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ
612
00:44:43,810 --> 00:44:46,070
ุซุงู†ูŠ ุดูŠุก ุจูŠุนู…ู„ู‡ูˆุง ูุงุชุนุงู†ูŠุฉุŒ ุซุงู„ุซ ู…ุฑุฉ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ู‡ูˆุง
613
00:44:46,070 --> 00:44:50,460
ู…ุบู…ุถุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงุฑูุน ุฑุฌู„ูƒ ู„ููˆู‚ ูุงุช .. ูุงุชูˆุง ุงู†ูŠูƒ ุงู†ุช ุทู„ุน
614
00:44:50,460 --> 00:44:55,680
.. ุฑูุนุช ุฑุฌู„ูƒ ู„ููˆู‚ ู†ุฒู„ู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฑู‚ุจุฉ ูˆ ุจูƒุนุจ ุฑุฌู„ูƒ
615
00:44:55,680 --> 00:44:58,860
ู…ุงุดูŠู‡ุง ู…ุน ุงู„ุณุงู‚ ู‡ูŠ ุฃูˆู„ ู…ุฑุฉ ุนู„ู…ุชู‡ุง ูุฌูŠุช ุนู…ู„ู‡ุง ู‡ูˆ
616
00:44:58,860 --> 00:45:07,960
ุงู†ุช ูุงุชูˆุง ุงู†ูŠูƒ ู†ุงู… ุงุฑูุญู‡ุง ู„ููˆู‚ ู†ุฒู„ ููŠ attack ูŠุนู†ูŠ
617
00:45:07,960 --> 00:45:11,240
ูˆุงุถุญ ุงู„ attack ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุด ู‚ุงุฏุฑ ูŠู…ุดูŠ attack ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนู…ู„ู‡ุง
618
00:45:11,240 --> 00:45:12,200
ู‡ูˆ ุงู†ุช ู…ุบู…ุถ ุงู†ูŠูƒ ูŠู„ุง
619
00:45:17,160 --> 00:45:26,220
Okay ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ู„ููˆู‚ ู„ููˆู‚ ุนู„ู‰ ุฑู‚ุจุชูƒ ููŠ
620
00:45:26,220 --> 00:45:29,020
attacks ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ุงู„ attacks ุนู†ุฏู‡ ูˆ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ู‡ุง ู‡ูˆ
621
00:45:29,020 --> 00:45:33,100
ู…ุบู…ุถ ุนู†ู‡ุง ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฎู„ุตู†ุง ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„
622
00:45:33,100 --> 00:45:38,100
coordination examination of the sensory system ููŠ
623
00:45:38,100 --> 00:45:42,140
rules ู„ู„ examination of sensory system ุงู„ eyes
624
00:45:42,140 --> 00:45:46,710
should be closed ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงุซู†ูŠู† Compare both sides
625
00:45:46,710 --> 00:45:51,210
of the body leg to leg, arm to arm to detect
626
00:45:51,210 --> 00:45:56,510
hemihypesthesia ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ู‡ู†ุง Descending search to
627
00:45:56,510 --> 00:46:00,730
detect level of lesion ู†ุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ููˆู‚ ู„ุชุญุช We compare
628
00:46:00,730 --> 00:46:05,190
different dermatomes for radicular sensory loss
629
00:46:05,190 --> 00:46:12,170
Symptoms of sensory lesion ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง positive
630
00:46:12,170 --> 00:46:14,990
phenomena ูˆู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง negative phenomenaุŒ
631
00:46:14,990 --> 00:46:17,570
positive phenomena painุŒ peripheral painุŒ
632
00:46:17,570 --> 00:46:20,230
trigeminal neuralgiaุŒ radicular painุŒ central
633
00:46:20,230 --> 00:46:23,830
painุŒ ู‡ูˆ thalamic painุŒ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† phantom painุŒ
634
00:46:23,830 --> 00:46:27,110
after amputation ุฃูˆ post amputation painุŒ
635
00:46:27,110 --> 00:46:32,010
allodyniaุŒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ pain provoked by a non-painful
636
00:46:32,010 --> 00:46:36,210
stimulusุŒ causalgiaุŒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† severe sympathetic pain
637
00:46:36,710 --> 00:46:41,230
numbness and paresthesia ูƒู„ู†ุง ุตุงุฑ ู…ุนู†ุง numbness ูˆ
638
00:46:41,230 --> 00:46:44,310
paresthesia ู„ูˆ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู‚ุงุนุฏ ุฃุฑุถู‰ ุซุงู†ุงู„ุฌ ู„ูŠู‡
639
00:46:44,310 --> 00:46:50,190
anesthesia ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ complete loss of all form
640
00:46:50,190 --> 00:46:54,860
of sensation ู‚ุฏ ุชูƒูˆู† thermoanesthesia decrease ุฃูˆ
641
00:46:54,860 --> 00:46:58,700
loss of temperature sensation analgesia complete
642
00:46:58,700 --> 00:47:02,540
loss of pain sensation ูˆู…ู† ู‡ู†ุง ู…ุตุทู„ุญ analgesics
643
00:47:02,540 --> 00:47:06,340
ุจุฏูŠ ุญุจุฉ analgesics ู‚ุฑุต analgesics ุฒูŠ ุงูƒุงู…ูˆู„
644
00:47:06,340 --> 00:47:11,400
ุจุฑุงุณุชุงู…ูˆู„ ุนุดุงู† ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ุฃู„ู… tactile anesthesia pal
645
00:47:11,400 --> 00:47:15,620
anesthesia loss of vibration sense ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† partial
646
00:47:15,620 --> 00:47:19,200
decrease of sensation ุจู‚ูˆู„ hypoesthesia partial
647
00:47:19,200 --> 00:47:23,040
loss of sensation hyperesthesia hyperesthesia
648
00:47:23,040 --> 00:47:26,440
increased sensitivity to various sensations
649
00:47:26,440 --> 00:47:31,420
hyperpathy ุฃูˆ hyperalgesia exaggerated response to
650
00:47:31,420 --> 00:47:37,580
painful stimulus ุฒูŠ severe painful sensory ataxia
651
00:47:37,580 --> 00:47:42,140
ู‡ุฐู‡ sensory ataxia ุฃูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง afferent ataxia ุฃูˆ
652
00:47:42,140 --> 00:47:46,940
afferent paralysis ู†ุงุชุฌุฉ ุนู† loss of deep sensation
653
00:47:46,940 --> 00:47:52,560
ูˆ stereognosis ุฑุงุญ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ุง ูƒูŠู ู†ุนู…ู„ examination
654
00:47:52,560 --> 00:48:01,100
ุจุฌูŠุจ pen prick ุจูุญุต ุงู„ sensation ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ุงุญู†ุง
655
00:48:01,100 --> 00:48:07,740
ุจู†ุนู…ู„ compare right left ุฃูˆ right ู…ุน ุงู„ left ุฃูˆ
656
00:48:07,740 --> 00:48:14,810
left ู…ุน ุงู„ right ุชู…ุงู… ุจู†ุฒู„ descending search ุจู‚ุงุฑู†
657
00:48:14,810 --> 00:48:17,970
ูŠู…ูŠู† ู…ุน ุดู…ุงู„ ุนุดุงู† ุฃุญุฏุฏ ุฅุฐุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ
658
00:48:17,970 --> 00:48:21,150
hemihypesthesia ุจู‚ุงุฑู† descending search ู…ู† ุชุญุช
659
00:48:21,150 --> 00:48:24,490
ู„ููˆู‚ ุนุดุงู† ุฅุฐุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ sensory level ุฃุญุฏุฏู‡ ูˆ ุจุนู…ู„
660
00:48:24,490 --> 00:48:27,990
examination ู„ู„ pain ุนู„ู‰ different dermatomes ุนุดุงู†
661
00:48:27,990 --> 00:48:31,050
ุฃุญุฏุฏ ุฅุฐุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ radicular loss touch
662
00:48:31,050 --> 00:48:35,410
sensation touch sensation ู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† a crude touch ูˆ
663
00:48:35,410 --> 00:48:38,810
ู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† fine touch ุบุงู…ุถ ุฅูŠู‡ ุจุฌูŠุจ ุดูŠุก ุจู„ู…ุณู‡
664
00:48:38,810 --> 00:48:44,390
ุจู‚ุทุนุฉ ู‚ุทู† ุญุงุณุณ ุชู…ุงู… ุงู‡ ูˆ ุนุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ a crude
665
00:48:44,390 --> 00:48:47,630
touch ูˆ ุจู…ุดูŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ descending search ูˆ ุจุนู…ู„
666
00:48:47,630 --> 00:48:51,810
compare ู„ู„ right ู…ุน ุงู„ left ุฃูˆ fine touch ุบุงู…ุถ ุฅู†
667
00:48:51,810 --> 00:48:57,130
ุฅูŠู‡ ุฅูŠุด ู„ู…ุณูƒุŸ ู‡ุฐู‡ good localized touch sensation
668
00:48:57,130 --> 00:49:01,670
ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง fine touch temperature sensation ุฒูŠ ู…ุง
669
00:49:01,670 --> 00:49:07,170
ูุญุตู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ face ูˆุดูุชูˆุง ุจู†ุณุชุฎุฏู… hot and cold test
670
00:49:07,170 --> 00:49:12,050
tube deep sensation ููŠ vibration sense ููŠ joint
671
00:49:12,050 --> 00:49:16,630
sense muscle sense ูˆูŠู†ูŠุฑูุณู†ุณ ุฑูˆู…ุจุฑุฌูŠุฒู… ุฑูˆู…ุจุฑุฒ ุงุชูˆุง
672
00:49:16,630 --> 00:49:21,210
ูุญุตู†ุง ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ููŠ ุงู„ุณูŠุฑุงุจูŠู„ุง ุงู„ vibration sense ุฃู†ุง
673
00:49:21,210 --> 00:49:26,990
ุจุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงู„ tuning fork ู„ู„ู€ vibration sense ุจุฏุฑุจู‡ุง
674
00:49:26,990 --> 00:49:30,770
ุจูŠุฏูŠ ุฎุทุฃ ุฃู…ุณูƒู‡ุง ู…ู† ููˆู‚ ู…ู† ุชุญุช ุฌู†ุฉ ูˆ ุจุดูˆู ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ
675
00:49:30,770 --> 00:49:34,630
ุบุงู…ุถ ุฅูŠู‡ ูˆ ุจุดูˆู ูˆูŠู† ููŠู‡ bone prominance ุญุงุณุณ ุฅูŠุด
676
00:49:34,630 --> 00:49:38,330
ุฅูŠู‡ ูˆ ุจู‚ุงุฑู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ left ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุทุจ ุตูˆุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ
677
00:49:38,330 --> 00:49:40,690
ุนู†ุฏู‡ polyneuropathy ูˆ ู…ุง ุญุณุด ููŠ ุงู„ vibration
678
00:49:40,690 --> 00:49:43,690
distal ุจุทู„ุน more proximal ุจุทู„ุน ุงู„ elbow ุบุงู…ุถ ุฅูŠู‡
679
00:49:43,690 --> 00:49:47,910
ุญุงุณุณุŸ okay ูˆ ุจู‚ุงุฑู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ุฃุดู…ุงู„ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ
680
00:49:47,910 --> 00:49:51,630
ุฃุจุญุซ ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„ lower limbs ู‡ุฐุง ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„
681
00:49:51,630 --> 00:49:55,860
vibration ุจู†ุชุฌูŠ ู„ู€ Joint Sense ุฃูˆ Properception
682
00:49:55,860 --> 00:50:00,200
ุจุนู„ู… ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจู‚ูˆู„ ู„ู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ุฃุตุจุนูƒ ุฑู‚ู… ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ ุฑู‚ู… ุงุชู†ูŠู†ุŒ
683
00:50:00,200 --> 00:50:02,920
ุชู„ุงุชุฉุŒ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉุŒ ุฎู…ุณุฉุŒ ุฃู†ุง ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุญุฑูƒ ุฃุตุจุนูƒ ุฅู…ุง ู„ููˆู‚
684
00:50:02,920 --> 00:50:07,020
ูˆุฅู…ุง ู„ุชุญุชุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุบู…ุถ ุนูŠู†ูŠ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุฎุงุทุฆุฉ ู„ูˆ ุฃู†ุง
685
00:50:07,020 --> 00:50:10,160
ู…ุณูƒุช ุฃุตุจุน ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจูŠุฏูŠ ูˆ ู‚ูˆู„ุชู„ู‡ ุฃูŠ ุฃุตุจุน ุฃู†ุง ุญุฑูƒุชู‡
686
00:50:10,160 --> 00:50:14,180
ุชุญุช ูˆู„ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุฌุงูˆุจู†ูŠ ุตุญ ูˆ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฎุฏุนู†ูŠ ูˆ
687
00:50:14,180 --> 00:50:17,600
ู‡ูˆ ู…ุง ุดุนุฑุด ุจุงู„ู€ joint sensation ุดุนุฑ ุจุงู„ู€ crude touch
688
00:50:17,600 --> 00:50:21,120
ูˆ ุฃู†ุชู… ุนุงุฑููŠู† ุงู„ู€ crude touch ุงู„ pathway ุชุจุนู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
689
00:50:21,120 --> 00:50:24,180
ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ ventral spinothalamic tract ูˆ ุงู„ู€ deep
690
00:50:24,180 --> 00:50:26,600
sensation ุงู„ pathway ุจุชุงุนู‡ ุงู„ู€ gracile and
691
00:50:26,600 --> 00:50:28,860
cuneate tract ู„ู„ู€ upper limbs ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰
692
00:50:28,860 --> 00:50:31,100
cuneate tract ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุฃู†ุง ู„ู…ุง ู†ุจุญุซ ุงู„ joint
693
00:50:31,100 --> 00:50:34,580
sensation ู…ุง ุฃุจุญุซุด crude ู…ุง ุฃุจุญุซุด fine ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ fine
694
00:50:34,580 --> 00:50:38,830
touch ูˆ ุงู„ deep sensation the same pathway ู„ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ
695
00:50:38,830 --> 00:50:41,570
ู‡ูˆ gracile and cuneate tract ู„ูˆ ุตุงุฑุช damage ู„ู„
696
00:50:41,570 --> 00:50:43,970
gracile ูˆ ุงู„ cuneate tract ุฑุงุญ ุชุฃุซุฑ ุงู„ deep
697
00:50:43,970 --> 00:50:47,350
sensation ู…ู† ุถู…ู†ู‡ู… joint sensation ูˆ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุชุฃุซุฑ ู…ุน
698
00:50:47,350 --> 00:50:50,970
fine touch ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃู†ุง ุจุญุฑูƒ ุงู„ุฃุตุงุจุน fine
699
00:50:50,970 --> 00:50:58,330
ุบู…ุถ ุนูŠู†ูŠูƒ ุฑุฎูŠู‡ู… ุฃูŠ ุฃุตุจุน ุญุฑูƒุชุŸ
700
00:50:58,330 --> 00:51:03,150
ู„ููˆู‚ ูˆู„ุง ุชุญุชุŸ ู„ููˆู‚ ุชู…ุงู… ู…ุงู„ุฌูŠุชุŸ
701
00:51:05,840 --> 00:51:09,560
ุนู†ุฏู‡ deep sensation preserved ูˆ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุจุงูุญุต
702
00:51:09,560 --> 00:51:12,880
ุงู„ other lower .. upper limb ูˆ ุจุงูุญุต ุงู„ lower limb
703
00:51:12,880 --> 00:51:16,880
ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู…ุง ุญุณุด ุจุงู„ fingers ู…ุง ุญุณุด ุจุทู„ุน ุงู„ wrist ูˆ
704
00:51:16,880 --> 00:51:20,740
ุจุญุฑูƒ ุงู„ wrist ู†ูุณู‡ ุจู†ูุณ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ fine ุจุญุฑูƒู‡ุง ุจุญุฑูƒู‡ุง
705
00:51:20,740 --> 00:51:25,020
ุฅูŠุดุŸ fine ุจุฑูุนู‡ุง ู„ููˆู‚ ูˆ ุชุญุช ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจุฏู‡ ุฅูŠุดุŸ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ
706
00:51:25,020 --> 00:51:30,120
ู‚ู„ ู„ูŠ ุนู…ู„ุช ู„ู‡ ุฃู†ุง extension ุฃูˆ flexion ู„ู„ wrist ูˆ
707
00:51:30,120 --> 00:51:36,650
ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู„ู„ foot muscle sense done by pinching
708
00:51:36,650 --> 00:51:40,870
the calf muscles ุฃูˆ ู„ูˆ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุญุณ ู†ุนู…ู„ palpation
709
00:51:40,870 --> 00:51:44,570
ู„ู„ุฃุจุถุงู… ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุตู„ ุฅุฐุง ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ peritonitis ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุนู†ุฏู‡
710
00:51:44,570 --> 00:51:50,570
DVT nerve sense ู…ู…ูƒู† by percussion ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„
711
00:51:50,570 --> 00:51:52,850
carpal tunnel ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ electric like
712
00:51:52,850 --> 00:51:56,170
sensation ู…ุน ุงู„ median nerve ุฃูˆ ุงู„ carpal tunnel
713
00:51:56,170 --> 00:51:59,750
ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง electric like sensation ููŠ ุงู„
714
00:51:59,750 --> 00:52:02,650
ulnar ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูƒู„ู†ุง ุฃูƒู„ู†ุง ู„ู…ุง ู†ุญุท ุฅูŠุฏู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุทุงูˆู„ุฉ ูˆ
715
00:52:02,650 --> 00:52:05,570
ู†ุถุฑุจู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุทุงูˆู„ุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุดุนุฑ ุฒูŠ ูƒู‡ุฑุจุŒ ุดุนูˆุฑ ูƒู‡ุฑุจุŒ
716
00:52:05,570 --> 00:52:08,110
ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† nerve sensation
717
00:52:11,120 --> 00:52:14,920
ุฑูˆู…ุจุฑุฌูŠุฒู… ุงุญู†ุง ูุญุตู†ุงู‡ุง ู‚ุงุทุนุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ cerebellum ููŠ
718
00:52:14,920 --> 00:52:19,080
ุญุงู„ุฉ ุฅู†ู‡ loss of deep sensation ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู…ุฌุฑุฏ ู…ุง
719
00:52:19,080 --> 00:52:24,460
ูŠุบู…ุถ ุนูŠู†ู‡ ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠู‡ ุจูŠูˆู‚ุน ูˆ ุฐู„ูƒ ู†ุงุชุฌ ุนู† loss of deep
720
00:52:24,460 --> 00:52:28,000
sensation proprioception ูˆ damage ููŠ ุงู„ู€ gracile and cuneate
721
00:52:28,000 --> 00:52:30,880
tract ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุดูŠุก ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ู„ู†ุง loss of deep
722
00:52:30,880 --> 00:52:34,740
sensation ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ vitamin B12 deficiency
723
00:52:34,740 --> 00:52:38,740
ููŠ ุงู„ posterior cord syndrome ููŠ cortical sensation
724
00:52:38,740 --> 00:52:43,920
tactile localization localized site of pain
725
00:52:43,920 --> 00:52:49,500
ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจูŠุญุฏุฏ ู„ูŠ site of pain ุชู…ุงู… ู‚ู…ุช ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ูˆูŠู†
726
00:52:49,500 --> 00:52:56,540
ุงู„ู‚ู„ู… ุจูŠุญุฏุฏ ู…ูƒุงู†ู‡ tactile discrimination ู‡ู†ุง ุจู†ุฌูŠุจ
727
00:52:56,540 --> 00:53:00,800
two-point discrimination ุจุฌูŠุจ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ูุฑุฌุงุฑ ุจุณู†ูŠู† ูˆ
728
00:53:00,800 --> 00:53:03,960
ุจุญุงูˆู„ ุฃุจุนุฏู‡ู… ุนู† ุฅูŠู‡ ู„ู…ุง ุฃุฌุฑุจู‡ู… ู‡ุงูŠ ุฌูŠุจู†ุง ุฌู„ู… ู‡ุงู†
729
00:53:03,960 --> 00:53:13,390
ุฌูŠุจ ุฌู„ู… ู‡ุงู† ูˆ ุฃุญุทู‡ู… ู…ุน ุจุนุถูƒู… ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ู‡ุงู„ุฌูŠุช ุญุงุณุณุŸ
730
00:53:13,390 --> 00:53:17,210
ู„ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ุนุดุงู† ุงู„ุฌู„ู… ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุŒ ู‡ุชู†ุดูˆูุŒ ุชุฌูŠ ุงู„ุฌู„ู… ุฒูŠู‡ุŒ
731
00:53:17,210 --> 00:53:23,930
ุชู…ุงู…ุŒ ู…ุฏูŠ ุฏู‡ู„ูู‡ุงุŒ ู„ู ุฅูŠุฏูƒ ู‡ูŠูƒุŒ ุญุท ุฅูŠุฏูƒ ู‡ู†ุงุŒ ู‡ู„ุฌูŠุชุŸ
732
00:53:23,930 --> 00:53:28,870
ูƒุงู… ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุญุงุณุณุŸ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉุŒ ู…ุฌุฑุฏ ู…ุฌุฑุจ ู…ุณุงูุฉ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทูŠู†
733
00:53:28,870 --> 00:53:32,210
ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† ู†ุต ุณู†ุชูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ hand ุฃูˆ ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุณู†ุชูŠ
734
00:53:32,210 --> 00:53:35,470
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ backุŒ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุดุนุฑูˆุง ุจู†ู‚ุทุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉุŒ ุจุณ ุนุดุงู† ูŠุดุนุฑูˆุง
735
00:53:35,470 --> 00:53:38,770
two pointุŒ ู„ุงุฒู… ุฃุจุนุฏู‡ู… ุนู† ุจุนุถ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ู†ุต ุณู†ุชูŠ ุนู„ู‰
736
00:53:38,770 --> 00:53:41,790
ุงู„ hand ูˆ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุณู†ุชูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ backุŒ ูƒุงู… ู†ู‚ุทุฉ
737
00:53:41,790 --> 00:53:48,240
ู‡ู„ุฌูŠุชุŸ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุชู…ุงู… okay ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ two-point
738
00:53:48,240 --> 00:53:50,760
discrimination ุฃูˆ tactile discrimination
739
00:53:50,760 --> 00:53:57,440
stereognosis ุบู…ุถ ุนูŠู†ูŠูƒ ุฅูŠุด
740
00:53:57,440 --> 00:54:04,200
ููŠ ุฅูŠุฏูƒ ุฏูˆู† ู…ุง ุชุชุทู„ุน ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุญุณูˆุง ุฌู„ู… ุฃูˆ ุจุนุทูŠู‡ ูู„ูˆุณ
741
00:54:04,200 --> 00:54:08,700
ููŠ ุฅูŠุฏู‡ ูˆ ุจูŠู…ูŠุฒู‡ู… ุจุฏูˆู† ู†ุธุฑ ุจุงู„ู„ู…ุณ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูŠ ุฎู…ุณ ุดูƒู„
742
00:54:08,700 --> 00:54:13,910
ุฃูˆ ุนุดุฑุฉ ุดูƒู„ ุฃูˆ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุดูƒู„ graphesthesia ุฃู†ุง ุจุงุฌูŠ
743
00:54:13,910 --> 00:54:18,830
ุจุฑุณู… ููŠ ุฅูŠุฏู‡ ุฃูˆ ุนูŠุฏู‡ ุจุงู„ุฌู„ู… ูˆ ุงู„ุฃุญุฑู ุฃูˆ ุฃุฑู‚ุงู… ูˆ
744
00:54:18,830 --> 00:54:21,490
ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูŠุฌุงูˆุจู†ูŠ ููŠู‡ู… ุตุญ ูˆ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูŠ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ุฑู‚ู… ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุญุฑู
745
00:54:21,490 --> 00:54:26,180
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูƒุชุจุชู‡ ู‡ุฐู‡ non-organic sense loss ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ
746
00:54:26,180 --> 00:54:29,260
ูŠุฌูŠ ู„ู†ุง ุจ loss of sensation ููŠ ุงู„ head ูˆ ุงู„ body
747
00:54:29,260 --> 00:54:33,120
ุณู„ูŠู…ุฉ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑุด ุฃูˆ ูŠุฌูŠู†ุง ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุจูŠุญุณุด ููŠ ุฅูŠุฏู‡ ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ูˆ
748
00:54:33,120 --> 00:54:36,000
ุฑุฌู„ู‡ ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ูˆ ุงู„ trunk ูˆ ุงู„ abdomen ุจูŠุญุณ ููŠู‡ ู…ุง
749
00:54:36,000 --> 00:54:39,440
ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ู‡ุฐุง psychogenic ุฃูˆ ูŠุฌูŠู†ุง ุจูŠุญุณุด ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„
750
00:54:39,440 --> 00:54:41,780
ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุตุงุฑ ูŠุญุณ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจุทู„ ูŠุญุณ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„
751
00:54:41,780 --> 00:54:45,240
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุญูŠุฑูƒ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง non-organic
752
00:54:45,440 --> 00:54:48,240
sensory loss ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู€ historical ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€
753
00:54:48,240 --> 00:54:52,080
conversion disorder ูˆ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃู†ุช ู‡ู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน
754
00:54:52,080 --> 00:54:55,200
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ neurological examination ูˆ ูŠุนุทูŠูƒู… ุงู„ู
755
00:54:55,200 --> 00:54:58,560
ุนุงููŠุฉ ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูˆ ุฑุจู†ุง ูŠุณู„ู…ูƒู… ุฌู…ูŠุนุง