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1 |
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00:00:02,750 --> 00:00:09,650 |
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ุจูุณุจุฉ ูู fluid .. the fluid film fabrication ูู ูู .. |
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2 |
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00:00:09,650 --> 00:00:12,630 |
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ุนู ุทุฑูู two modes ุงุญูุง ุจูุนุฑู ุงูู ุงู cartilage ูู
ุง |
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3 |
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00:00:12,630 --> 00:00:16,190 |
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ุจูุตูุฑ movement ุจูุตูุฑ ููู ุงูู ุจูุชุนุฑุถ ู two stresses |
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4 |
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00:00:16,190 --> 00:00:20,450 |
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ุงููู ูู ุงู tangential ุฃู ุฎููุง ูููู ุงู tensile |
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5 |
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00:00:20,450 --> 00:00:23,090 |
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force ุงููู ุจุชููู ุนูู ุงู surface ู ุงู compressive |
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6 |
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00:00:23,090 --> 00:00:27,190 |
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ูู
ุงู force ุฃู stress ุงููู ุจูููู ุฃุซูุงุก ุงู .. ุงู |
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7 |
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00:00:27,190 --> 00:00:31,980 |
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movement ุงูู hydrodynamic ููุง ุจูุตูุฑ ูู deformation |
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8 |
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00:00:31,980 --> 00:00:39,060 |
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ู ุจูุชุญูู ู ุจูุธูุฑ ูู ุงู tangential movement ุงููู ูู |
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9 |
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00:00:39,060 --> 00:00:42,720 |
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ุงูู
ูุงู
ุณุฉ ุฃุซูุงุก ุนู
ููุฉ ุงู stretch |
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10 |
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00:00:45,510 --> 00:00:49,430 |
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ุฃู
ุง ุงู squeeze film fabrication ูู ุจุชููู ุนู ุทุฑูู |
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11 |
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00:00:49,430 --> 00:00:51,350 |
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.. ู
ุงุฏุงู
ูู ุนูุฏูุง squeeze ู
ุนูุงู ูู ุนูุฏูุง |
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12 |
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00:00:51,350 --> 00:00:55,270 |
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perpendicular ุฃู axial force ูุนูู ูู ุนูุฏูุง |
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13 |
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00:00:55,270 --> 00:00:59,750 |
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compression ุงู compression ููุง ูุฐุง ุงู .. ุงู |
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14 |
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00:00:59,750 --> 00:01:05,090 |
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fabrication ุงููู ุจู .. ุงููู ุจู .. ุจูุทูุน only for a |
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15 |
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00:01:05,090 --> 00:01:10,910 |
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short duration ู .. ู ุทุจุนุง ูู ู
ูุงู ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุฃูุซุฑ |
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16 |
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00:01:10,910 --> 00:01:14,910 |
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load ุฃูุซุฑ ูู ู
ุง ูุงู ุงู squeeze ุทุจุนุง ุงู squeeze |
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17 |
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00:01:14,910 --> 00:01:18,990 |
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ุจุตูุฑ ูู ูุงูุช ุงู force ุฃูุซุฑ ุฃู ูุงู wet peering ุฃูุซุฑ |
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18 |
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00:01:18,990 --> 00:01:23,570 |
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ููู ุจุชุธูุฑ ู ุจุชููู ุจุชุนู
ู ุงู fabrication ูู ูุฐู |
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19 |
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00:01:23,570 --> 00:01:27,790 |
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ุงูุญุงูุฉ ุงู boundary lubrication ุงููู ูู ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ุนูู |
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20 |
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00:01:27,790 --> 00:01:31,750 |
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ุงูุญูุงู ุจูู ุงู articular surfaces ุนูู ุงู two |
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21 |
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00:01:31,750 --> 00:01:35,840 |
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articular surfaces happen when the layer molecules |
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22 |
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00:01:35,840 --> 00:01:40,400 |
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adheres to each of two articular surfaces that are |
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23 |
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00:01:40,400 --> 00:01:45,620 |
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gliding past each other ุทุจุนุง ูุฐู ู
ูุงุตูุฉ ุจุงู .. |
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24 |
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00:01:45,620 --> 00:01:51,040 |
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ุจุงูุณุทุญ ุงู articular cartilage ุงูู mechanism ุจุชุตูุฑ |
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25 |
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00:01:51,040 --> 00:01:56,640 |
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the surface are protected by an adsorbed layer of |
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26 |
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00:01:56,640 --> 00:02:00,380 |
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boundary lubrication which prevent direct surface |
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27 |
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00:02:00,380 --> 00:02:03,980 |
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to surface contact and eliminate most of the |
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28 |
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00:02:03,980 --> 00:02:07,160 |
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surface layer ุทุจุนุง ูุฐู ุงู lubrication ูู ุงููู |
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29 |
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00:02:07,160 --> 00:02:12,960 |
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ุจุชู
ูุน ุนู
ููุฉ ุงูุงุญุชูุงู ุจูู ุงู two articular surfaces |
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30 |
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00:02:13,850 --> 00:02:17,310 |
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depends on the chemical properties of the |
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31 |
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00:02:17,310 --> 00:02:22,850 |
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lubricant ุงู viscosity ุชุจุนุชูุง and ุงู ุงู bearing |
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32 |
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00:02:22,850 --> 00:02:29,610 |
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material ุงููู ูู ุงูุฃุณุทูุญ ุชุจุนุช ุงูุนุธุงู
ุงูู
ูููุฉ ูู |
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33 |
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00:02:29,610 --> 00:02:33,170 |
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joints ุทุจุนุง ููู ุฃู ุงู synovial joint ุงุญูุง ุนุงุฑููู |
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34 |
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00:02:33,170 --> 00:02:35,610 |
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ูู big joint ูู
ูุฌูุฏ ูููุง synovial fluid |
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35 |
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00:02:39,010 --> 00:02:45,670 |
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ูุจุชููู specific glycoproteins lubricin ุงุณู
ูุง |
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36 |
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00:02:45,670 --> 00:02:49,470 |
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lubricin appeared to be the synovial fluid |
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37 |
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00:02:49,470 --> 00:02:53,110 |
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constituent responsible for boundary lubrication |
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38 |
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00:02:53,110 --> 00:02:56,930 |
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ูุฐู ูู ุงูู
ุงุฏุฉ ุงููู ุจุชููู ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู ุงู synovial |
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39 |
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00:02:56,930 --> 00:03:01,530 |
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fluid ุงููู ุจุชุนู
ู ุงู lubrication ู ุทุจุนุง ูู
ุง ุจุชูู ูุฐู |
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40 |
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00:03:01,530 --> 00:03:06,850 |
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ุงูู
ุงุฏุฉ ุจูุตูุฑ ูู .. ุจุชุฒูุฏ ุนู
ููุฉ ุงู wear and tear ู |
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41 |
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00:03:06,850 --> 00:03:15,550 |
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ุจูุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุฎุดููุฉ ูู ุงูุนุธุงู
ุฃู ุฎููุง ูููู ูู |
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42 |
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00:03:15,550 --> 00:03:16,250 |
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ุงูู
ูุงุตู |
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43 |
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00:03:19,390 --> 00:03:23,070 |
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ุทุจุนุง ูุฑูุญ ูุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู
ูุง stress strain curve of the |
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44 |
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00:03:23,070 --> 00:03:27,050 |
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articular cartilage ุงู articular cartilage ุทุจุนุง |
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45 |
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00:03:27,050 --> 00:03:30,750 |
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ุงุญูุง ููููุง ุงู ูู anisotropic ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุชุฑููุจุฉ |
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46 |
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00:03:30,750 --> 00:03:35,730 |
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ู
ุฎุชููุฉ ุฃู ุชุตูููุฉ ู
ุฎุชููุฉ ู ุงู collagen ุงููู ู
ูุฌูุฏ |
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47 |
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00:03:35,730 --> 00:03:42,410 |
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ููู ู ุงูู heterogeneous ู
ุด ููุณ ุงูุชุฑููุจ ูุจุงูุชุงูู |
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48 |
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00:03:42,410 --> 00:03:44,710 |
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ุจุชุตูุฑ ุงู .. |
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49 |
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00:03:47,740 --> 00:03:53,220 |
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ุงู .. ุงู .. ูุฐู ุจุช .. ุจุชุนู
ููุง ุทุจุนุง ุงุฎุชูุงู ูู ุนู
ููุฉ |
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50 |
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00:03:53,220 --> 00:03:58,160 |
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ุงู stiffness ุจููู ุทุจุนุง ุนุงุฏุฉ ุงู articular cartilage |
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51 |
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00:03:58,160 --> 00:04:02,480 |
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ุจููู stiffer ู stronger ูู
ุง ุจูุงุฎุฏ ุงู basement ู
ู |
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52 |
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00:04:02,480 --> 00:04:08,500 |
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ุงู parallel ูุงุฎุฏ ูุทุนุฉ ู
ู ุงู .. ุงู .. ุงู cartilage |
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53 |
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00:04:08,500 --> 00:04:13,460 |
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ุงููู ูู ูููุง ุชุตููุช ุงู collagen parallel ู ุทุจุนุง |
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54 |
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00:04:13,460 --> 00:04:16,580 |
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ุจุชุฎุชูู ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุฃุฎุฏูุงูุง ู
ู ุงููู ุชุตููุชูุง |
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55 |
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00:04:16,580 --> 00:04:21,360 |
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perpendicular ู ุงุญูุง ููููุง ุฅู ูู ุจุชููู ู
ู ุชูุงุชุฉ |
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56 |
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00:04:21,360 --> 00:04:26,140 |
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layers ุงููู ุงูุฃููู ููู ุงูู
ุต ุจุฑููุดุงู ูู ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู |
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57 |
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00:04:26,140 --> 00:04:31,440 |
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parallel ูู ุฌู ุชุตููุชูุง ู ุจุนุฏูู ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุชุตููุชุฉ |
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58 |
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00:04:31,440 --> 00:04:34,080 |
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ุนุดูุงุฆูุฉ ูู ุงูู
ุตุจุนุฏูู ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุงู perpendicular |
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59 |
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00:04:34,080 --> 00:04:38,480 |
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ุงููู ูู ุงูู
ูุงู
ุณุฉ ูุณุทุญ ุงู bone ูุฐู ุจุชููู ู
ุตูุทุฉ |
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60 |
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00:04:38,480 --> 00:04:42,860 |
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ุนู
ูุฏูุง ู ููููุง ูู ูุงุญุฏุฉ ุชุฑูุจุชูุง ุชุฎุชูู ุนู ุงูุชุงููุฉ |
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61 |
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00:04:42,860 --> 00:04:47,460 |
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ุนุดุงู ูู ู
ุนุฑุถุฉ ุฃูุซุฑ ุทุจุนุง ุงูุณุทุญ ู
ุนุฑุถ ูู tensile |
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62 |
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00:04:47,460 --> 00:04:53,020 |
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force ู ุงู deeper ุงู surfaces ู
ุนุฑุถุฉ ูู compressive |
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63 |
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00:04:53,020 --> 00:04:54,760 |
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force |
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64 |
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00:04:56,340 --> 00:05:00,660 |
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ุทุจุนุง ุฅุฐุง ุฃุฎุฏูุง specimen ุฃู ูุทุนุฉ ู
ู .. ู
ู ุงู |
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65 |
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00:05:00,660 --> 00:05:04,420 |
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superficial region ุจุชููู ุนุงุฏุฉ stiffer and stronger |
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66 |
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00:05:04,420 --> 00:05:08,720 |
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ุฃูุซุฑ ู
ู ุงููู ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู ุงู deeper region |
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67 |
|
00:05:10,500 --> 00:05:15,300 |
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ุงู articular cartilage ุทุจุนุง ุฏุงุฆู
ุง ุจููู stiffer ุฃูุซุฑ ูู |
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68 |
|
00:05:15,300 --> 00:05:21,180 |
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ู
ุง ุฒุงุฏ ุงู strain ุนููู ุงู .. in the stress strain |
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69 |
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00:05:21,180 --> 00:05:24,400 |
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curve ุงููู ุงุญูุง ุดุงููููู ูู ุนูุง ุฒู ู
ุง ุงูุชู
ุดุงูููู |
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70 |
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00:05:24,400 --> 00:05:29,280 |
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ููุง ุฃูู ู
ุง ุจุชุจุฏุฃ .. ุจุชุจุฏุฃ ุงูุฎููุท ุทุจุนุฉ ุงู .. ุงู |
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71 |
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00:05:29,280 --> 00:05:34,740 |
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collagen ุชุตูุฑ ู
ุดุฏูุฏู ุจุนุฏูู ุจุชุตูุฑ parallel ูููุง |
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72 |
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00:05:34,740 --> 00:05:39,560 |
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ุจูุฐุง ุงูุดูู ู ุจุนุฏูู ุจูุตูุฑ ุงู failure ุนูุฏูู
ู
ุนููุฉ |
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73 |
|
00:05:39,560 --> 00:05:44,780 |
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ุจูุตูุฑ ููู rupture ู ุจุชููุทุน ูุจูู ููุง ูู ุนูุฏูุง a two |
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74 |
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00:05:44,780 --> 00:05:48,980 |
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region ุงููู ูู ุจุชููู ุจุฏุช ุงูุฎููุท ุฃู ุจุฏุช ุงู |
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75 |
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00:05:48,980 --> 00:05:53,900 |
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collagen fibers ุจูุตูุฑ ูููุง pulling out ู ุจูุตูุฑ |
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76 |
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00:05:53,900 --> 00:05:58,780 |
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ูููุง ุงู realignment ู ุจุนุฏูู ุจุชุจุฏุฃ ุชุถุนู ู ุชุถุนู ุฅูู |
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77 |
|
00:05:58,780 --> 00:06:04,050 |
|
ุฃู ูุตูุฑ ุงู rupture ุทุจุนุง final near linear portion |
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78 |
|
00:06:04,050 --> 00:06:09,130 |
|
is caused by the stretching of the straightening |
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79 |
|
00:06:09,130 --> 00:06:13,150 |
|
alignment ุงููู ุดูููุงูุง ูุงุฏู ุจูุฐุง ุงูุดูู ููู ุตุงุฑ |
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80 |
|
00:06:13,150 --> 00:06:18,750 |
|
ุดูููุง parallel ู straight ู straight ููุง ูู ูุฐุง ุงู |
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81 |
|
00:06:18,750 --> 00:06:21,490 |
|
part represents the tensile stiffness of the collagen |
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82 |
|
00:06:21,490 --> 00:06:26,990 |
|
itself ุงู failure ุจูุตูุฑ ูู
ุง ุจูุตูุฑ ู
ุงููุด ูุฏุฑุฉ ุนูู ุงู |
|
|
|
83 |
|
00:06:26,990 --> 00:06:33,660 |
|
cartilage ุงูู ูุชุญู
ู ุงูุดุฏ ุงูุญุงุตู ุนููู ุทุจุนุง ุฅูุด ุงููู |
|
|
|
84 |
|
00:06:33,660 --> 00:06:38,680 |
|
ุจูุฃุซุฑ ุนูู ุงูุนูุงู
ู ุงููู ุจุชุฃุซุฑ ุนูู ุงู stress strain |
|
|
|
85 |
|
00:06:38,680 --> 00:06:43,380 |
|
curve ูุงู cartilage ุงู tensile stiffness and |
|
|
|
86 |
|
00:06:43,380 --> 00:06:47,820 |
|
strength of the articular cartilage ุจุชุนุชู
ุฏ ุนูู ุฅูุด |
|
|
|
87 |
|
00:06:47,820 --> 00:06:51,100 |
|
ุงู distance from the articular surface ูุฅูู ุงุญูุง |
|
|
|
88 |
|
00:06:51,100 --> 00:06:56,180 |
|
ููููุง more superficial ุจูููู ุฃูุซุฑ stiffness ูู |
|
|
|
89 |
|
00:06:56,180 --> 00:06:59,120 |
|
tensile force ู ุงู deep ุฃูุซุฑ stiffness ูู |
|
|
|
90 |
|
00:06:59,120 --> 00:07:03,310 |
|
compressive force ุทุจุนุง ููุง ุงูู tensile stiffness |
|
|
|
91 |
|
00:07:03,310 --> 00:07:06,310 |
|
and strength of the articular decrease with the |
|
|
|
92 |
|
00:07:06,310 --> 00:07:08,390 |
|
increase of the distance from the articular |
|
|
|
93 |
|
00:07:08,390 --> 00:07:14,870 |
|
surface ูุฅูู ุฏู ุจุงู layer ุฃูู ุฎูููุง ูููู ู
ูุงูู
ุฉ ูู |
|
|
|
94 |
|
00:07:14,870 --> 00:07:17,780 |
|
tensile force ุฃู
ุง ุงู direction ูู fibers ููููุง |
|
|
|
95 |
|
00:07:17,780 --> 00:07:24,620 |
|
ุฏุงุฆู
ุง ุงู parallel fibers ุจุชููู ุนุงุฏุฉ ุฃูุซุฑ ูุนูู ูุฏุฑุฉ |
|
|
|
96 |
|
00:07:24,620 --> 00:07:31,040 |
|
ุนูู ู
ูุงูู
ุฉ tensile strength ู ูู
ุงู ุฃูุซุฑ ู
ู ุงู |
|
|
|
97 |
|
00:07:31,040 --> 00:07:34,170 |
|
perpendicular ู ุญูููุง ุนู ุชุตููุชุฉ ุงูุฃููุงู
ูู ู
ุณููุง |
|
|
|
98 |
|
00:07:34,170 --> 00:07:38,510 |
|
ู
ุฌู
ูุนุฉ ู
ู ุงูุฃููุงู
ู ุญุงูููุง ูุดุฏูุง ู ูู ุจ .. ู
.. ู
|
|
|
|
99 |
|
00:07:38,510 --> 00:07:41,630 |
|
.. ู
ุญุชูุทุฉ ุจูู ุฅูุฏููุง ุจุงูุนุฑุถ ุทุจ ููุฏุฑุด ูุดุฏูุง ููู ูู |
|
|
|
100 |
|
00:07:41,630 --> 00:07:45,490 |
|
ููููุงูุง perpendicular ุจููุฏุฑ ููุฑู ุงูุฃููุงู
ุนู ุจุนุถูุง |
|
|
|
101 |
|
00:07:45,490 --> 00:07:51,590 |
|
ุจุตูุฑุฉ ุณุฑูุนุฉ ูุทุจุนุง ููุง ุงู stiffness ููุฎุชูู ูู ุงู .. |
|
|
|
102 |
|
00:07:51,590 --> 00:07:54,970 |
|
ุงู perpendicular part |
|
|
|
103 |
|
00:07:56,010 --> 00:07:59,550 |
|
ุทุจุนุง ููุง ุจุงููุณุจุฉ ูู pathomechanics of the |
|
|
|
104 |
|
00:07:59,550 --> 00:08:02,990 |
|
articular cartilage ุทุจุนุง ุงู cartilage ุฅุฐุง ุตุงุฑ ูู |
|
|
|
105 |
|
00:08:02,990 --> 00:08:09,290 |
|
microstructure alteration ุจูุตูุฑ ุงุญูุง ููููุง ุฏุงุฆู
ุง ุงู |
|
|
|
106 |
|
00:08:09,290 --> 00:08:14,690 |
|
stress ุฅูุด ุจูุนู
ูุ ุจูุนู
ู ููู destruction ูู ุงู |
|
|
|
107 |
|
00:08:14,690 --> 00:08:19,570 |
|
cartilage ุฃู micro destruction |
|
|
|
108 |
|
00:08:19,570 --> 00:08:25,390 |
|
ููุง ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุงู microstructure is disrupted any |
|
|
|
109 |
|
00:08:25,390 --> 00:08:29,050 |
|
mechanical damage mechanism becomes possible |
|
|
|
110 |
|
00:08:29,050 --> 00:08:32,270 |
|
including impairment of the articular cartilage load |
|
|
|
111 |
|
00:08:32,270 --> 00:08:36,550 |
|
transmission ability ุจูุฏุฑ ูุชุญู
ู ูุฃ ุงูุช ุงููู ุจูุตูุฑ |
|
|
|
112 |
|
00:08:36,550 --> 00:08:39,630 |
|
ููู ุนูุฏูุง ุงุญูุง ุงู alarm ุงููู ุจูุตูุฑ ุฏุงุฆู
ุง ุจุงูู
ูุงุตู |
|
|
|
113 |
|
00:08:39,630 --> 00:08:44,190 |
|
ุจูุตูุฑ ูุฅูู ุตุงุฑ ููู ู
ุดููุฉ ูู ูุฐุง ุงู .. ุงู cartilage |
|
|
|
114 |
|
00:08:44,190 --> 00:08:48,310 |
|
ู ุงุญูุง ุจูุนุฑู ุงูู ุฃู destruction ุจูุตูุฑ ูู ุงู |
|
|
|
115 |
|
00:08:48,310 --> 00:08:52,930 |
|
cartilage it is irreversible ู ู
ุด ููู ูุฏุฑุฉ ูู |
|
|
|
116 |
|
00:08:52,930 --> 00:08:57,760 |
|
cartilage ุนูู ุงู repair ุฃู ุงู regeneration ูููุ ูุฃู |
|
|
|
117 |
|
00:08:57,760 --> 00:09:01,880 |
|
ูู ู
ุงููุด ููู vascularization ู
ุงููุด ููู ุฏู
ูุจู ูุฌู |
|
|
|
118 |
|
00:09:01,880 --> 00:09:05,780 |
|
ุนุดุงู ููู ูู ูุงู ููููุง ุจูุนุชู
ุฏ ูู ุชุบุฐูุชู ุนูู ุฎุฑูุฌ |
|
|
|
119 |
|
00:09:05,780 --> 00:09:09,420 |
|
ู ุนูุฏุฉ ุงูุณูุงุฆู ููู ูู ุตุงุฑ ููู damage ู
ุงููุด ุนู
ููุฉ |
|
|
|
120 |
|
00:09:09,420 --> 00:09:13,580 |
|
repair ู healing ุจูุชุตูุฑ ูุนูู ูู ุจุณ ุจุชุบุฐุง ููู |
|
|
|
121 |
|
00:09:13,580 --> 00:09:18,080 |
|
ู
ุงุนูุฏู ูุฏุฑุฉ ุนูู ุนู
ููุฉ ุงู .. ุงู repair ุทุจุนุง ุฅูุด ุงู |
|
|
|
122 |
|
00:09:18,080 --> 00:09:23,340 |
|
factors ุงููู ุจุช .. ุจุช .. ุจุชุฃุซุฑ ุนูู ุงู .. ุงู |
|
|
|
123 |
|
00:09:23,340 --> 00:09:26,520 |
|
degenerationุ ุฃูู ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงู magnitude of total load |
|
|
|
124 |
|
00:09:26,520 --> 00:09:30,260 |
|
on the jointุ ุงููู ุงุญูุง ุจูุนุฑู ุฅู ุงููุงุณ ุงููู ุจุชุดุชุบู |
|
|
|
125 |
|
00:09:30,260 --> 00:09:34,360 |
|
ูุซูุฑุ ุจุชููู ูุซูุฑุ ุจุชุทูุน ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ูุซูุฑุ ุจุชุญู
ู ุซููู ุจูุตูุฑ |
|
|
|
126 |
|
00:09:34,360 --> 00:09:37,440 |
|
ูู ุนูุฏูู
regeneration ุฃูุซุฑ ุงููู ุจุชุชุนุฑุถ ูุญูุงุฏุซ ุงููู |
|
|
|
127 |
|
00:09:37,440 --> 00:09:41,480 |
|
ุจุชุชุนุฑุถ ูุถุฑุจุงุช ูู ุงูู
ูุงุตู ุฃู fracture ุฃู .. ุฃู |
|
|
|
128 |
|
00:09:41,480 --> 00:09:48,080 |
|
ู
ุดููุฉ ู
ู
ูู ุชุตูุฑ ูู ุงูู
ูุตู ู
ู
ูู ุชุนู
ูู ุจุนุฏ ููู ุญุงุฌุฉ |
|
|
|
129 |
|
00:09:48,080 --> 00:09:52,660 |
|
ุงุณู
ูุง ู
ู ุงู complication osteoarthritis ุทูุจ ููุง |
|
|
|
130 |
|
00:09:52,660 --> 00:09:56,060 |
|
ุทุจุนุง ูุธููุฉ ุงู cartilage ูููุง ูู ู shock |
|
|
|
131 |
|
00:09:56,060 --> 00:10:02,260 |
|
absorption ู ุจูุนู
ู ุชูุฒูุน ูู ุงู loads ุงููู ุจุชูุฌู ุนูู |
|
|
|
132 |
|
00:10:02,260 --> 00:10:08,380 |
|
ุงูู
ูุตู ุทุจ ูุฃ ุงูุช ูู ุตุงุฑ ูู ู
ุดููุฉ ูู ุงูู
ูุตู ุจู
ุนูู |
|
|
|
133 |
|
00:10:08,380 --> 00:10:11,200 |
|
ุฃูู ุตุงุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุงูู .. ูุนูู ุงุญูุง ู
ุซูุง ูู ุงูู knee |
|
|
|
134 |
|
00:10:11,200 --> 00:10:14,180 |
|
joint ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุงูู meniscus ู
ุฎุฏุฑุชูู ู
ูุฌูุฏูู ุนูู |
|
|
|
135 |
|
00:10:14,180 --> 00:10:18,420 |
|
ุฌุงูุจู ุงูู
ูุตู ุทุจ ูู ูุงุญุฏุฉ ู
ููู
ุฑุงุญุช ุจุฏู ูุตูุฑ tear |
|
|
|
136 |
|
00:10:18,420 --> 00:10:23,440 |
|
ุจุฏู ูุตูุฑ ูู wear and tear ูู ุงูู
ูุงู ูุฐุง ุจุฏู ูุตูุฑ |
|
|
|
137 |
|
00:10:23,440 --> 00:10:27,540 |
|
intra-articular surface osteoarthritis |
|
|
|
138 |
|
00:10:31,780 --> 00:10:35,980 |
|
ุทุจุนุง ููููุชูุง ูู ุตุงุฑ ุฃู ุถุฑุจุฉ ุนูู ุงูู
ูุตู ูุชุตูุฑ ููู |
|
|
|
139 |
|
00:10:35,980 --> 00:10:40,540 |
|
osteoarthritis ูู ุตุงุฑ ููู meniscusectomy ูู ุตุงุฑ |
|
|
|
140 |
|
00:10:40,540 --> 00:10:44,180 |
|
ููู tearing ูู ุงูู meniscus osteoarthritis ุงูู ุตุงุฑ |
|
|
|
141 |
|
00:10:44,180 --> 00:10:50,720 |
|
fracture ุฃู trauma inside the joint ููููุชูุง ูู ุญุงูุฉ |
|
|
|
142 |
|
00:10:50,720 --> 00:10:55,340 |
|
ุงูู meniscusectomy ูุฃูู ุนุงุฏุฉ ูููุง ุงูู meniscus ุจูุนู
ู |
|
|
|
143 |
|
00:10:55,340 --> 00:11:02,520 |
|
ุชูุฒูุน ููู load ูู ุงูุดุงู ูุชุฒูุฏ ูุฑุตุฉ ุงูู wear and tear |
|
|
|
144 |
|
00:11:02,520 --> 00:11:06,520 |
|
ู ุจูุฒูุฏ ุงูู pressure ูู ู
ูุงุทู ู
ุนููุฉ ุนู .. ูุนูู |
|
|
|
145 |
|
00:11:06,520 --> 00:11:11,400 |
|
ููุตูุฑ ุณูุก ูู ุชูุฒูุน ุงูู load inside the joint ูุจุชุตูุฑ |
|
|
|
146 |
|
00:11:11,400 --> 00:11:18,000 |
|
ุนู
ููุฉ ุงูู wear and tear ุฃุณุฑุน ุทุจุนุง ูุฐุง ุจูุนู
ููุง ู
ุดููุฉ |
|
|
|
147 |
|
00:11:18,000 --> 00:11:23,040 |
|
ูู ุชูุฒูุน ุงูู .. ุงูู stress ุนูู ุงูู
ูุตู |
|
|
|
148 |
|
00:11:26,030 --> 00:11:28,850 |
|
ุงูู frequency of the total lot ุทุจุนุง ุงููู ุจูุดุชุบู |
|
|
|
149 |
|
00:11:28,850 --> 00:11:33,050 |
|
ุงููุงุณ ุงููู ุนูุฏูุง ุงูู .. ุงูู .. ุจุชุดุชุบู ูู ุฃูุถุงุน |
|
|
|
150 |
|
00:11:33,050 --> 00:11:37,950 |
|
ู
ุนููุฉ ูุนูู ู
ูููุชูุง ู
ุซูุง ุงูู .. ูู ุชููู
ูุง ุนู ุงูู .. |
|
|
|
151 |
|
00:11:37,950 --> 00:11:43,050 |
|
ุงูู players ุจุตูุฉ ุนุงู
ุฉุ ุฑูุตุงุช ุงูู balletุ ุงุชุนูู
ูุง ุนู |
|
|
|
152 |
|
00:11:43,050 --> 00:11:46,270 |
|
ุงูู football playersุ ูู ุชููู
ูุง .. ู
ูููุชูุง ูู ุญุงุฌุฉ |
|
|
|
153 |
|
00:11:46,270 --> 00:11:49,150 |
|
ุงุณู
ูุง text neckุ ุงููุงุณ ุงููู ู
ุงุทูุฉ ุนูู ุทูู ูู |
|
|
|
154 |
|
00:11:49,150 --> 00:11:55,680 |
|
ุงูุฌูุงูุงุชุ ูุฐู ุจุชุนู
ูุงุฑูุงู ู load ุฒูุงุฏุฉ ุนูู ุงูู .. ุงูู |
|
|
|
155 |
|
00:11:55,680 --> 00:11:59,360 |
|
cartilage ูุจุตูุฑ ูู ุนู
ููุฉ ุงูู .. ุงูู degeneration |
|
|
|
156 |
|
00:11:59,360 --> 00:12:04,280 |
|
ุฃุณุฑุน ูุฃููุง ุจุชุชุนุฑุถ ูู constant load ุฃุญูุงู ุจูููู ุงูู |
|
|
|
157 |
|
00:12:04,280 --> 00:12:07,500 |
|
occupation ุฌุฒุก ู
ููุง ุงููู ูู ุงููุธููุฉ ุฃู ุงูู
ููุฉ ุงููู |
|
|
|
158 |
|
00:12:07,500 --> 00:12:12,840 |
|
ุจูู
ุชูููุง ุงูุดุฎุต ู ุฃุญูุงู ุจุชููู bad habits ุฌู
ุน |
|
|
|
159 |
|
00:12:14,670 --> 00:12:18,250 |
|
ุงูู immobilization ุงููุชุฑุฉ ุงููู ู
ู
ูู ูููู ูููุง |
|
|
|
160 |
|
00:12:18,250 --> 00:12:21,250 |
|
ุงูู
ูุตู ูู ุญุงูุฉ ู
ู ุงููู ููููุง ุฃุตูุง ุชุบุฐูุฉ ุงูู |
|
|
|
161 |
|
00:12:21,250 --> 00:12:23,730 |
|
cartilage ุจุชุตูุฑ ุนู ุทุฑูู ุงูุญุฑูุฉ ู
ุงููุด ุญุฑูุฉ ู
ุงููุด |
|
|
|
162 |
|
00:12:23,730 --> 00:12:27,450 |
|
ุชุบุฐูุฉ ุจุฏุนุฉ ูู ุงูู cartilage ูุทุจุนุง ุจูููู ู
ุนุฑุถ ุงูุดุฎุต |
|
|
|
163 |
|
00:12:27,450 --> 00:12:32,750 |
|
ูุฃูู ุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏู ุชุฃูู ูู ุงูู .. ุงูู cartilage ููููุง |
|
|
|
164 |
|
00:12:32,750 --> 00:12:35,810 |
|
ูู ุตุงุฑ ููู ุชุฃูู ูู ุงูู cartilage ุฃู ุถุนูุฉ ุงูุชุบุฐูุฉ |
|
|
|
165 |
|
00:12:35,810 --> 00:12:39,790 |
|
ุนูู ุงูู cartilage ูุชูุฌุฉ ููุฉ ุงูุญุฑูุฉ ูุฃููุฏ ุงุญูุง |
|
|
|
166 |
|
00:12:39,790 --> 00:12:42,550 |
|
ู
ูุชูุนูู ุฃูู ู
ุงููุด repair ู ู
ุงููุด regeneration |
|
|
|
167 |
|
00:12:43,380 --> 00:12:45,940 |
|
regeneration ูุนุดุงู ููู ุงุญูุง ุจูููู ุฏุงุฆู
ุง ุงูุญุฑูุฉ |
|
|
|
168 |
|
00:12:45,940 --> 00:12:50,020 |
|
ูููุง ุจุฑูุฉ ูุงุฒู
ุงุญูุง ูุชุญุฑู ุนุดุงู ู
ุง ูุงุตููุง ุชูุฏุฑ .. |
|
|
|
169 |
|
00:12:50,020 --> 00:12:52,840 |
|
ุนุดุงู ููุฏุฑ ูุญู
ู ูุงูู cartilage ุงููู ู
ูุฌูุฏ ุงููู ูู |
|
|
|
170 |
|
00:12:52,840 --> 00:12:55,640 |
|
ุงููุธููุฉ ุงูุฃุณุงุณูุฉ ูู ู
ูุน ุงูุงุญุชูุงู ู shock |
|
|
|
171 |
|
00:12:55,640 --> 00:13:02,270 |
|
absorption ู .. ู ุณูููุชู ุชุตูุฑ ุงูุญุฑูุฉ ุทุจุนุง ูู ุนูุฏูุง |
|
|
|
172 |
|
00:13:02,270 --> 00:13:06,690 |
|
ูุซูุฑ disorders ู
ู
ูู ุงูู ูุนูู ููุง ู
ุด ุตุฏุฑ ุงุญูุง ูุชุนุฑุถ |
|
|
|
173 |
|
00:13:06,690 --> 00:13:09,710 |
|
ููุง ุจุณ ูู ูุงู ูู ู
ุดุงูู ูู ุงูู structure ูููููุงุฌูู |
|
|
|
174 |
|
00:13:09,710 --> 00:13:13,190 |
|
ุฃู ุงูู product ุงููู ูุงู matrix ูุงูุทุจูุนู ุงูู ูููู ูู |
|
|
|
175 |
|
00:13:13,190 --> 00:13:16,190 |
|
ุนูุฏูุง ู
ุดููุฉ ูู ุงูู .. ูู ุงูู cartilage ูุจูู ูู |
|
|
|
176 |
|
00:13:16,190 --> 00:13:21,410 |
|
ุงูุนุฏูุฏ ู
ู ุงูู disorders ุงููู ู
ู
ูู ุชููู ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ุจุชุคุฏู |
|
|
|
177 |
|
00:13:21,410 --> 00:13:25,450 |
|
ูู weakness of the cartilage ูู
ุงู ู ู
ู
ูู ุงููุง ุชูุฏู |
|
|
|
178 |
|
00:13:25,450 --> 00:13:30,530 |
|
ูุฃูู ูุตูุฑ ููู destruction under normal magnitude |
|
|
|
179 |
|
00:13:30,530 --> 00:13:34,330 |
|
ุฃู normal loading ุนู
ููุฉ ุงูู wear and tear ุงุญูุง |
|
|
|
180 |
|
00:13:34,330 --> 00:13:37,730 |
|
ูุงูู
ูู ููู ุจุชุตูุฑ ุงูู wear is the removal of |
|
|
|
181 |
|
00:13:37,730 --> 00:13:41,900 |
|
material from solid surface by mechanical action |
|
|
|
182 |
|
00:13:41,900 --> 00:13:46,960 |
|
ุงููู ูููุง ุทุจุนุง ุจูููู ุนูุฏูุง two types ุงูู |
|
|
|
183 |
|
00:13:46,960 --> 00:13:52,360 |
|
interfacial ุฃูู ุณุทุญ ุงูู
ูุตู ููุณู ุฃู ุณุทุญ ุงูู |
|
|
|
184 |
|
00:13:52,360 --> 00:13:57,340 |
|
cartilage ููุณู ุจูููู ูู ุงูู
ุชุงูู ุฃู ุจูุนู
ู ุงุญุชูุงู |
|
|
|
185 |
|
00:13:57,340 --> 00:14:02,660 |
|
occurred due to interaction of the bearing surface |
|
|
|
186 |
|
00:14:02,660 --> 00:14:07,300 |
|
ุทุจุนุง ุณุทุญูู ุทูู ุงูููุช ู ูู
ู
ุชูู
ุณูู ู ุจูุชุญุฑููุง ู
ุน |
|
|
|
187 |
|
00:14:07,300 --> 00:14:12,410 |
|
ุจุนุถูู
ุจุตูุฑ ุทุจุนุง ูู ุตุงุฑ ูููุง ู
ุดููุฉ ุจุงูู .. ุจุงูู |
|
|
|
188 |
|
00:14:12,410 --> 00:14:15,010 |
|
applications ุจุชุงุนุช ุงููู .. ุงููู ูู ุงููู ุจุชุนู
ู |
|
|
|
189 |
|
00:14:15,010 --> 00:14:21,490 |
|
ุนู
ููุฉ ุจุชุดุญูู
ูู ูุฐุง ุงูู
ูุตู ุฅุฐุง ู
ุงููุด ููู ุนูุฏูุง |
|
|
|
190 |
|
00:14:21,490 --> 00:14:26,270 |
|
lubrication ุฃููุฏ ููุตูุฑ ุนูุฏูุง ุงุญุชูุงู ุทุจุนุง ุงูุงุญุชูุงู |
|
|
|
191 |
|
00:14:26,270 --> 00:14:30,150 |
|
ูุฐุง ุจูุตูุฑ ุนู ุทุฑูู adhesive ุฃู adhesions ุฃู |
|
|
|
192 |
|
00:14:30,150 --> 00:14:35,410 |
|
abrasions ูุนูู ุฅู
ุง ุงูุฃุณุทุญ ุจุชููู ู
ุชูุงู
ุณุฉ ู
ุน ุจุนุถูุง ู |
|
|
|
193 |
|
00:14:35,410 --> 00:14:40,070 |
|
ุจูุตูุฑ ูููุง ุงุญุชูุงู ู ุจุชุฒูุฏ ุนู
ููุฉ ุงูู wear ุฃู ุฅูู |
|
|
|
194 |
|
00:14:40,070 --> 00:14:44,230 |
|
ุจูุตูุฑ abrasions ุฒู ุงูุณุญุงุฌุงุช ูููุง ูุชูุฌุฉ ุฅู ูุงุญุฏ ู
ู |
|
|
|
195 |
|
00:14:44,230 --> 00:14:49,110 |
|
ุงูุฃุณุทุญ ุจูููู ุฎุดู ุฃู ุจูููู ููุทุช ู
ู ุงูู cartilage ุจุนุถ |
|
|
|
196 |
|
00:14:49,110 --> 00:14:55,790 |
|
ุงููุทุน ู ุขุซุงุฑ ุฃุซูุงุก ุงูุญุฑูุฉ ุชุนู
ู friction ุฃู ุชุฃุฐู |
|
|
|
197 |
|
00:14:55,790 --> 00:15:00,350 |
|
ูุฐุง ุงูู
ูุตู ุฒู ูุฃูู ุจุชุนู
ู ููู ุฌุฑูุญ ูุจูู ูู ุฃู ุงูู |
|
|
|
198 |
|
00:15:00,350 --> 00:15:03,690 |
|
adhesive will arise when the surface fragments |
|
|
|
199 |
|
00:15:03,690 --> 00:15:07,690 |
|
adhere to each other and are torn off from the |
|
|
|
200 |
|
00:15:07,690 --> 00:15:14,600 |
|
surface during sliding ุฃู
ุง ุงูู .. ุงูู abrasions ุจู |
|
|
|
201 |
|
00:15:14,600 --> 00:15:19,000 |
|
occur when the soft material scraps ูุฃูู ุจูุตูุฑ |
|
|
|
202 |
|
00:15:19,000 --> 00:15:27,150 |
|
ูููุง ุฒู ุงุญุชูุงู ูุฏู ุฃู .. ุฃู ุฌุฑูุญ ุฃู .. ุญูุง by a |
|
|
|
203 |
|
00:15:27,150 --> 00:15:30,110 |
|
harder one ูุนูู ุงุญูุง ุฒู ู
ุง ุจูู
ุณู ุญุงุฌุฉ ุฎุดูุฉ ู |
|
|
|
204 |
|
00:15:30,110 --> 00:15:33,850 |
|
ุจูุชุฃูุฏ ุจุญุงุฌุฉ ูุนู
ุงุด ุจูุตูุฑ ุงูู harder material can |
|
|
|
205 |
|
00:15:33,850 --> 00:15:38,650 |
|
be either an opposite opposing bearing or loose |
|
|
|
206 |
|
00:15:38,650 --> 00:15:48,350 |
|
particle between the bearing surfaces ุทุจุนุง ูุฏููุฉ |
|
|
|
207 |
|
00:15:48,350 --> 00:15:53,530 |
|
ุงูููุนูู ู
ู ุงูู .. ุงูู wear that defect cause the |
|
|
|
208 |
|
00:15:53,530 --> 00:15:57,150 |
|
surface layer of the cartilage to be softer and |
|
|
|
209 |
|
00:15:57,150 --> 00:16:02,930 |
|
more permeable ุจุตูุฑ ููู ูุฑูุจ ุฃุณุฑุน ูู ุงูู fluid ู
ูู |
|
|
|
210 |
|
00:16:02,930 --> 00:16:08,410 |
|
ู ูุฐุง ุจูุคุฏู ุฃู ุงูู .. ุงูู ูุฑูุจ ูุฐุง ุงูู .. ูุนูู ุฒูุงุฏุฉ |
|
|
|
211 |
|
00:16:08,410 --> 00:16:12,190 |
|
ุงูู permeability ุจุชุฎูู ุงูุณูุงุฆู ุชุทูุน ุฃูุซุฑ ูุจุชูู |
|
|
|
212 |
|
00:16:12,190 --> 00:16:17,050 |
|
ุฎูููุง ูููู ููุงุกุฉ ุงูู cartilage ู ุจูุตูุฑ ุงุณุชููุงู ู |
|
|
|
213 |
|
00:16:17,050 --> 00:16:25,130 |
|
ู
ู
ูู ุนุฑุถุฉ ูููุดููุฉ ุฃูุซุฑ ู ุงูู wear and tear ูู ุงูู
ูุตู |
|
|
|
214 |
|
00:16:25,130 --> 00:16:30,690 |
|
ุทุจุนุง ุงูู fatigue wear ุจูููู ูุชูุฌุฉ ูุญุตู .. ูุชูุฌุฉ ุงูู |
|
|
|
215 |
|
00:16:30,690 --> 00:16:34,570 |
|
accumulation of microscopic damage ู ูุฐุง ุชููู
ูุง |
|
|
|
216 |
|
00:16:34,570 --> 00:16:38,430 |
|
ุนูู .. ุชููู
ูุง ุนู ุงูู fracture ุงููุชูุฌู fracture ุฃูู |
|
|
|
217 |
|
00:16:38,430 --> 00:16:42,590 |
|
ูู ููุณ ุงูุทุฑููุฉ ู
ู
ูู ุชุตูุฑ if repetitive movement ุฃู |
|
|
|
218 |
|
00:16:42,590 --> 00:16:47,380 |
|
repetitive ุงูู stress ุนูู ุงูู cartilage ูู ุงููู |
|
|
|
219 |
|
00:16:47,380 --> 00:16:53,380 |
|
ุชุนู
ู ููุง ุนู
ููุฉ ุงูู fatigue failure ู
ู
ูู ุชุคุฏู ูู ุงูู |
|
|
|
220 |
|
00:16:53,380 --> 00:16:59,400 |
|
early wear and tear although the magnitude of the |
|
|
|
221 |
|
00:16:59,400 --> 00:17:03,760 |
|
applied stress may be much less than the materials |
|
|
|
222 |
|
00:17:03,760 --> 00:17:07,240 |
|
ultimate strength failure will occur ุทุจุนุง ูุชูุฌุฉ ุงูู |
|
|
|
223 |
|
00:17:07,240 --> 00:17:10,500 |
|
repetitive movement ุฃู destruction ุงูู micro |
|
|
|
224 |
|
00:17:10,500 --> 00:17:14,000 |
|
destruction ุงููู ุจุชุตูุฑ ููู rotation and sliding |
|
|
|
225 |
|
00:17:14,000 --> 00:17:18,100 |
|
cause the articular surface move in and out of the |
|
|
|
226 |
|
00:17:18,100 --> 00:17:21,360 |
|
contact surface in addition to the physiological |
|
|
|
227 |
|
00:17:21,360 --> 00:17:25,600 |
|
activities ุงููู ุงุญูุง ุจูุนู
ููุง ุงุญูุง ุฏุงุฆู
ุง ุจููุถู ุฃูู |
|
|
|
228 |
|
00:17:25,600 --> 00:17:29,680 |
|
ุนู
ููุฉ ุงูู rotation ุฏุงุฆู
ุง ุชููู ููููุฉ ุนูู ุฃุณุงุณ ุฃููุง |
|
|
|
229 |
|
00:17:29,680 --> 00:17:35,260 |
|
ุฃู ููููู ุนู
ููุฉ ุงูู stress ุงููู ุจุชุตูุฑ ุนูู ุงูู
ูุงุตู |
|
|
|
230 |
|
00:17:35,260 --> 00:17:39,680 |
|
ุทุจุนุง ุงูู physiological effect ุงููู ุงุญูุง ุจูุนุชู
ุฏูุง ุฃู |
|
|
|
231 |
|
00:17:39,680 --> 00:17:46,100 |
|
ูุนู
ููุง ุฎูุงู ุงูููู
ูุฐู ุจุฑุถู ุจุชู .. ุจุชุคุฏู ูุชูุณูุฌ ูู |
|
|
|
232 |
|
00:17:46,100 --> 00:17:52,080 |
|
ุงูู failure of the collision fibers framework ููุฐุง |
|
|
|
233 |
|
00:17:52,080 --> 00:17:56,800 |
|
ูุนูู ุฎูููุง ูููู ุฑุณู
ุชูุถูุญู ุจููุถุญ ุนู
ููุฉ ุงูู loading |
|
|
|
234 |
|
00:17:56,800 --> 00:18:02,760 |
|
ู ููู ู
ู
ูู ุชุตูุฑ ุนู
ููุฉ ุงูู .. ุงูู wear and tear ู ููู |
|
|
|
235 |
|
00:18:02,760 --> 00:18:10,670 |
|
ุจุชุตูุฑ ุงูู fragmentation ูู ุงูู .. ุงูู cartilage ููู ุงุญูุง |
|
|
|
236 |
|
00:18:10,670 --> 00:18:15,050 |
|
ุจุชููู ูุตููุง ููุงูุฉ ู
ุญุงุถุฑุชูุง ููููู
ูุดููููุง ุฅู ุดุงุก |
|
|
|
237 |
|
00:18:15,050 --> 00:18:18,710 |
|
ุงููู ูู ุงูู
ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงููุงุฏู
ุฉ |
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