question,answer
"Among the anti-herpesvirus agents , aciclovir , valaciclovir , penciclovir , famciclovir , idoxuridine , trifluridine and brivudin are used in the treatment of herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus infections , and ganciclovir , foscarnet , cidofovir , fomivirsen and maribavir ( the latter in the developmental stage ) are used in the treatment of cytomegalovirus infections .",[]
"The present study examined the efficacy of single and combined treatment with an anticholinesterase , tetrahydroaminoacridine ( i.p . ) , and a glycine-B site partial agonist , D-cycloserine ( i.p . ; a positive allosteric modulator of NMDA receptors ) , in alleviating the deficit in water maze spatial navigation induced by electrolytic lesion of the medial septum or lidocaine infusion into the dorsal hippocampi .",[]
"He was initially treated with combination chemotherapy regimen of vincristine , actinomycin-D and cyclophosphamide ( VAC therapy ) .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['vincristine', 'cyclophosphamide', 'actinomycin-D'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"However , when a lung mass was noted two months later , he started to receive combination chemotherapy consisting of cyclophosphamide , adriamycin , vincristine , and prednisolone every three months .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['cyclophosphamide', 'vincristine', 'prednisolone', 'adriamycin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Three patients treated initially with propranolol alone have required substitution of amiodarone due to refractory congestive heart failure .,[]
"We used MCF-7 and MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells incubated with Curcumin and Quercetin for 24h , in the absence and presence of Somatostatin , at their EC50 concentrations , to evaluate membrane fatty acid-based functional lipidomics together with the follow-up of EGFR and MAPK signaling pathways .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['Curcumin', 'Somatostatin', 'Quercetin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Following corneal scrapings and culture , topical 0.5 % moxifloxacin and 0.5 % tobramycin were administered hourly .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['moxifloxacin', 'tobramycin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Combination treatment with cetuximab and nystatin selectively increased cetuximab uptake by tumor tissues , translating into potentiated antitumor efficacy of cetuximab in vivo ( A431 and A549 tumors ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cetuximab', 'nystatin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"The effects of combination therapy with chenodeoxycholic acid ( CDCA ) and simvastatin on serum cholestanol , low-density lipoprotein ( LDL ) cholesterol , and lathosterol levels were investigated in seven adult patients with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis ( CTX ) who were on long-term treatment with CDCA .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['chenodeoxycholic', 'simvastatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Paclitaxel ( Taxol ; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , NJ ) has been demonstrated to be highly effective in treating patients with advanced breast cancer , including those with anthracycline-resistant breast cancer , a fact that has led to efforts to combine paclitaxel and anthracyclines .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['paclitaxel', 'anthracyclines'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"However , anastrozole , exemestane and letrozole are associated with significantly fewer endometrial cancers , as well as venous and arterial vascular events , when compared with tamoxifen [ 9 , 10 ] .",[]
"Additivity , synergy , or competition was observed with MIS and rapamycin , AzadC , doxorubicin , cisplatin , and paclitaxel , suggesting that MIS in combination with selective targeted therapies might achieve greater activity against ovarian cancer than the use of each individual agent alone .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['rapamycin', 'MIS'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [3, 4], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [1, 3], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"There was no cytotoxic effect of cisplatin , ifosfamide , and etoposide .",[]
"Several first-line phase III trials , as well as ongoing trials for which only preliminary results have been published , have fueled debates on the optimal dose and schedule ; these have focused not only on weekly vs q3-weeks paclitaxel , but also on other modifications and the advisability of adding bevacizumab .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['paclitaxel', 'bevacizumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The primary goal was achieve the correct estimation of the target plasma area against the topotecan concentration-time curve ( AUC ) in a 5 day course of cladribine followed by monitored topotecan in pediatric patients with recurrent/refractory AML .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['cladribine', 'topotecan'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The management of EP is challenging : no standardized guidelines exist with literature suggesting cyclosporine or infliximab as first-line therapy .,[]
"As single agents , curcumin and metformin are reported to exhibit chemopreventive properties , in vitro as well as in patients with oral cancer .",[]
Withdrawal rates were comparable to drug survival rates of other biological therapies and rates of adverse events were similar between brodalumab and ustekinumab .,[]
"In patients with NPSLE , the use of high-dose corticosteroids is recommended in combination with immunosuppressants , such as mycophenolate mofetil and intravenous cyclophosphamide pulse therapy .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['mycophenolate', 'corticosteroids'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [1, 2], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [2, 3], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Thirty-three women diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer participated in a phase 1 clinical trial of a new combination of cyclophosphamide ( CTX ) and mitoxantrone ( MXT ) , with dose escalation of paclitaxel .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['cyclophosphamide', 'mitoxantrone', 'paclitaxel'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"These studies suggest a slight advantage to the combined approaches that contain flutamide and bicalutamide , but the lack of dramatic differences in outcome makes monotherapy reasonable , especially in patients with more indolent disease .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['flutamide', 'bicalutamide'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
We examined the feasibility and safety of using paclitaxel and trastuzumab as maintenance therapy after high-dose chemotherapy ( HDC ) with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation ( AHST ) for patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['paclitaxel', 'trastuzumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel ( the preferred thienopyridine because of its superior hematologic safety ) is recommended for at least 4 weeks to prevent subacute stent thrombosis with bare-metal stents and 3 to 6 months to prevent late-stent thrombosis with drug-eluting stents .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['aspirin', 'clopidogrel'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Furthermore , in non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer ( M0 CRPC ) , two second-generation anti-androgens , apalutamide and enzalutamide , when used in combination with ADT , have demonstrated a significant benefit in metastasis-free survival .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['apalutamide', 'ADT'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [1, 2], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"A screening method based on liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry for the simultaneous determination of six corticosteroids ( betamethasone 17-valerate BM 17-V , beclomethasone BC , beclomethasone dipropionate BCDP , methylprednisolone MP , budesonide BD , flunisolide FN ) was developed in order to control their illegal use in cosmetic and natural products .",[]
Phase Ib Study of the Oral Proteasome Inhibitor Ixazomib ( MLN9708 ) and Fulvestrant in Advanced ER+ Breast Cancer Progressing on Fulvestrant .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Ixazomib', 'Fulvestrant'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Second-Line Treatment of Her2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer : Trastuzumab beyond Progression or Lapatinib ? A Population Based Cohort Study .,[]
"Pharmacokinetic studies showed that chronic lymphocytic leukemia involving more than 80 % of the bone marrow at study start was associated with lower trough concentrations of alemtuzumab and rituximab , and that higher trough serum concentrations of alemtuzumab were associated with complete bone marrow clearance .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['alemtuzumab', 'rituximab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Furthermore , the overall response rate for docetaxel in the intent-to-treat population ( 42.5 % ) is superior to the response rate of either doxorubicin as second-line therapy ( 29.3 % ) or paclitaxel ( Taxol ; Bristol-Myers Squibb Oncology , Princeton , NJ ) when used as first- or second-line therapy ( 29 % ) in metastatic disease .",[]
"Correlation of lidocaine induced changes in bladder capacity , compliance and number of uninhibited contractions with improvement on oral oxybutynin was 70.6 % , 64.3 % and 66.7 % , respectively .",[]
"Compared with risedronate alone , at 6 months , risedronate plus atorvastatin produced significantly greater increases in the bone mineral density of the lumbar spine ( 1.58 % versus 0.75 % , p < 0.05 ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['risedronate', 'atorvastatin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"The anti-CD22 immunoconjugate , inotuzumab ozogamicin , and the anti-CD19 BiTE ( ® ) antibody , blinatumomab , have demonstrated impressive single agent activity in patients with relapsed or refractory B-ALL .",[]
Patients registered with the German ACC Registry with refractory ACC progressing after cytotoxic therapies were offered treatment with bevacizumab ( 5 mg/kg body weight i.v . every 21 days ) and oral capecitabine ( 950 mg/m(2 ) twice daily for 14 days followed by 7 days of rest ) in 2006 - 2008 .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['bevacizumab', 'capecitabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Patients who had pathologically been proven to have measurable lesions were treated with paclitaxel ( 200 mg/m(2 ) for 3 h ) and carboplatin [ area under the concentration-time curve ( AUC = 6 ) ] on day 1 and in 21 day cycles .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['paclitaxel', 'carboplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"With regard to efficacy in metastatic disease , exemestane is superior to megestrol acetate after progression on tamoxifen .",[]
"Aim of the study was to measure plasma levels of specific miRNAs ( miRNA-223 , -150 , -21 and -126 ) after physician-driven cessation of chronic P2Y12 inhibition and to study differences in the expression levels of these miRNAs between the different oral P2Y12 inhibitors clopidogrel , prasugrel and ticagrelor , respectively .",[]
Eligible patients received ramucirumab ( 10mg/kg ) + dacarbazine ( 1000 mg/m(2 ) ) ( Arm A ) or ramucirumab only ( 10mg/kg ) ( Arm B ) every 3 weeks .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['ramucirumab', 'dacarbazine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The aim of this study was to investigate the mutagenic and antigenotoxic effects of different doses of the flavonoid , apigenin , alone and in combination with the antitumor drugs , cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin , in vitro and in vivo .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['apigenin', 'doxorubicin'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 1], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The novel agents , romidepsin , pralatrexate , and brentuximab vedotin , are currently approved in the relapsed/refractory setting .",[]
"More effective regimens are urgently needed for squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus ( SCCE ) , therefore , we conducted a phase I/II trial of a combination of docetaxel , platinum , and fluorouracil ( TPF ) for treating metastatic SCCE .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['docetaxel', 'platinum'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Gemcitabine with cyclosporine or with tacrolimus exerts a synergistic effect and induces tolerance in the rat .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Gemcitabine', 'cyclosporine'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Erythropoietin receptor expression and its relationship with trastuzumab response and resistance in HER2-positive breast cancer cells .,[]
"Both paclitaxel ( Taxol ; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , NJ ) and ifosfamide have been demonstrated to be active agents in patients with clinically defined platinum-refractory ovarian cancer .",[]
"All M. simiae complex species proved susceptible to clarithromycin and , to a lesser extent , rifabutin , clofazimine , streptomycin and moxifloxacin .",[]
"Drug exposure of mesenchymal HCC cells showed higher resistance to the targeted therapeutic agents sorafenib and erlotinib as compared to epithelial HCC cells , which were slightly more resistant to cytostatic drugs .",[]
"To compare the effectiveness and safety of adalimumab and infliximab in biologic-naïve patients with CD , in a nationwide register-based propensity score-matched cohort study in Denmark .",[]
Hematologic National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria grade 3 to 4 adverse events were more common with bendamustine than with chlorambucil ( occurring in 40 % v 19 % of patients ) .,[]
"We determined the effects of diclofenac sodium , octreotide , and their combination on extrapancreatic organ injuries in caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in mice .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['diclofenac', 'octreotide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Caspofungin and amphotericin B association has been shown to be synergistic in vitro and effective in murine models .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Caspofungin', 'amphotericin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Canine leishmaniosis is most frequently treated with the drugs meglumine antimoniate , allopurinol , amphotericin B , or a combination of meglumine antimoniate and allopurinol .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['meglumine', 'allopurinol'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [1, 2, 5], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Haloperidol , carbamazepine and levomepromazine were then discontinued .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['Haloperidol', 'carbamazepine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Recent clinical work has questioned the safety of a combined therapy of oral quinidine and intravenous verapamil , because some patients were reported to react with severe hypotension probably due to drug interactions with vascular alpha-adrenergic receptors .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['quinidine', 'verapamil'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
The mean duration of total ( i.v . and oral ) therapy was significantly shorter for the azithromycin group than for the cefuroxime group ( 6.2 days vs 10.1 days ) .,[]
"To increase the dose-intensity of two drugs in metastatic breast cancer , we tested the feasibility , in phase I studies , of two schedules of epirubicin ( E ) and cyclophosphamide ( C ) - sequential ( E-- > C ) and alternating ( E/C ) - with respect to the standard combination ( EC ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['epirubicin', 'cyclophosphamide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"On February 3 , 2015 , the FDA granted accelerated approval to palbociclib ( IBRANCE , Pfizer Inc. ) , an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 ( CDK4 and CDK6 ) , for use in combination with letrozole for the treatment of postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive , HER2-negative advanced breast cancer as initial endocrine-based therapy for their metastatic disease .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['palbociclib', 'letrozole'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"a combination treatment : estramustine phosphate , cyproterone acetate or estrogens plus bromocriptine .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['estramustine', 'cyproterone'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [2, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Hormone induced elevations in temperature and possibly other unidentified factors during thyroid crisis may facilitate the triggering of MH following halothane and succinylcholine challenge .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['halothane', 'succinylcholine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Mitomycin C plus vinblastine is an effective and well-tolerated regimen for anthracycline resistant cancer .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Mitomycin', 'vinblastine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"An angiotensin 2 type 1 receptor blocker , olmesartan , and a calcium channel blocker , azelnidipine , possess not only an antihypertensive effect but also an antioxidative effect and other beneficial effects .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['olmesartan', 'azelnidipine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Forty patients with metastatic breast cancer who had received no previous cytotoxic therapy were treated with a combination chemotherapy program CMF ( P ) , which included methotrexate , 60 mg/m2 , and 5-fluorouracil , 700 mg/m2 intravenously on the first and eighth days , in addition to cyclophosphamide , 100 mg/m2 , and prednisone , 40 mg/m2 , by mouth daily from the first to the fourteenth day of a 28-day cycle .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['methotrexate', 'cyclophosphamide', 'prednisone', '5-fluorouracil'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"At present , it seems to us that progress has not been made since Grignani reported a phase II cohort trial of sorafenib and sorafenib combined with everolimus for advanced osteosarcoma , which , in a sense , have become a milestone as a second-line therapy for osteosarcoma .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['sorafenib', 'everolimus'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Failure to sedate patients who might be aware of paralysis occurred in three of 25 succinylcholine and eight of 94 pancuronium uses .,[]
"Thirty-one isolates were classified as resistant to amprolium , 23 resistant to monensin , 10 resistant to diclazuril , and 6 resistant to clopidol .",[]
Thirteen patients with interstitial cystitis diagnosed by the NIH criteria were treated with intravesical electromotive administration of lidocaine and dexamethasone followed by cystodistention .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['lidocaine', 'dexamethasone', 'cystodistention'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Drug therapy included omega-3 fish oil , extended-release niacin , colesevelam hydrochloride , and a fixed combination of 10-mg ezetimibe and 40-mg simvastatin .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['omega-3', 'niacin', 'colesevelam hydrochloride', 'ezetimibe', 'simvastatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Twenty-one Japanese colorectal cancer patients received intravenous FOLFIRI ( bolus irinotecan , folinic acid , and fluorouracil followed by 46-hour fluorouracil infusion ) followed by bevacizumab ( 5 mg/kg ) in Cycle 1 .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['irinotecan', 'folinic acid', 'fluorouracil', 'fluorouracil', 'bevacizumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Patients received vinorelbine starting at 20 mg/m(2 ) ( to 25 mg/m(2 ) ) and carboplatin area under the curve ( AUC ) 2.5 in divided-doses , both given on Days 1 and 8 every 21-day cycle for up to 6 cycles or until disease progression .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['vinorelbine', 'carboplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Dexamethasone exhibited the highest effect on paclitaxel anti-tumor activity , in a dose-dependent fashion .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['Dexamethasone', 'paclitaxel'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The first available studies demonstrate the value of these compounds with an improved prognosis of metastatic patients in combination with endocrine therapy ( palbociclib , ribociclib ) or in monotherapy ( abemaciclib ) .",[]
Flunarizine pretreatment abolished the augmented behavioral response to repeated cocaine administration while diltiazem was less effective .,[]
We therefore explored the in vitro combination of amphotericin B with itraconazole against 14 clinical Aspergillus fumigatus isolates ( 9 itraconazole susceptible and 5 itraconazole resistant ) with a colorimetric broth microdilution checkerboard technique using two drug interaction models able to explore complicated patterns of interactions : the response surface analysis of Bliss independence and the isobolographic analysis of Loewe additivity zero interaction theories .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['amphotericin', 'itraconazole'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of inotuzumab ozogamicin ( INO ) , a targeted humanized anti-CD22 antibody conjugated to calicheamicin , plus rituximab ( R-INO ) every 3 weeks , up to six cycles , followed by high dose therapy and autologous stem cell transplant ( HDT-aSCT ) in patients with high-risk relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma ( DLBCL ) .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['inotuzumab', 'rituximab', 'HDT-aSCT'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"These are the first 2 reports of successful treatment of this condition by use of a combination of methylprednisolone and mycophenolate mofetil , and , in 1 of the cases , additional medication with intravenous immunoglobulin .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['methylprednisolone', 'mycophenolate'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 1, 2], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"The introduction of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors , moclobemide and mianserin has been a major advance in the treatment of depression , and is already leading to major shifts in the pattern of antidepressants prescribing .",[]
"Four of these had equivocal plasma levels of both norepinephrine and epinephrine , suggesting that overnight clonidine suppression may be of particular value when tumor secretion is intermittent or low .",[]
"In conclusion , concurrent introduction of ATGAM and tacrolimus is a promising therapeutic combination for GVHD refractory to steroids and cyclosporine .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['ATGAM', 'tacrolimus'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Comparison of geometric least-squares mean PK parameters between arms showed no impact of pertuzumab on the PK of trastuzumab or docetaxel .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['pertuzumab', 'trastuzumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"This study was designed to test the hypothesis that positively charged dendrimers form a complex with enoxaparin , a low-molecular weight heparin ( LMWH ) , and that the resulting drug-dendrimer complex is effective in preventing deep vein thrombosis after pulmonary administration .",[]
"We proved experimentally the use of ECEEM for multiplex determination of kinetic parameters describing weak ( 3 mM > K(d ) > 80 μM ) and fast ( 0.25 s ≥ τ ≥ 0.9 ms ) noncovalent interactions between four small molecule drugs ( ibuprofen , S-flurbiprofen , salicylic acid and phenylbutazone ) and α- and β-cyclodextrins .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['ibuprofen', 'β-cyclodextrins'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [1, 4], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [3, 4], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"We evaluated the stem cell mobilization regimen of high-dose ifosfamide plus etoposide in 32 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer , who had a positive second-look laparatomy or recurrent disease .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['ifosfamide', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Esomeprazole , a proton-pump inhibitor ( PPI ) , is the S-isomer of omeprazole .",[]
This increase in the number of vasopressin and oxytocin containing neurons in the pig hypothalamus is much later in development than has ever been reported so far .,[]
"Combinations of alkylating agents and fludarabine or cladribine are also synergistic in producing significantly enhanced activity against refractory lymphoid malignancies , but at the cost of increased haematological toxicity .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['alkylating agents', 'fludarabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The pharmacodynamic effects of single doses of trazodone ( 100 mg ) , amitriptyline ( 50 mg ) or placebo either alone or with ethanol ( 0.5 ml/kg ) were investigated in 6 healthy volunteers in a double-blind crossover study .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['trazodone', 'ethanol'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [1, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [2, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"A 70-year-old Asian man was diagnosed with PVT two months after initiating 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin , irinotecan , and bevacizumab therapy for rectal cancer with liver metastases .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['5-fluorouracil/leucovorin', 'irinotecan', 'bevacizumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Results of cell viability assays revealed that treatment with a combination of imatinib and chemotherapy agents irinotecan or 5‑Fu synergistically inhibited cell growth , compared with treatment with any of these drugs alone .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['imatinib', 'irinotecan'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
We concluded that ifosfamide is an active agent even in patients with tumours resistant to cyclophosphamide .,[]
The combination of a fluoropyrimidine ( 5-fluorouracil or capecitabine ) with either oxaliplatin or irinotecan has been widely accepted as standard cytotoxic chemotherapy for either the first- or second-line treatment of mCRC .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['fluoropyrimidine', 'oxaliplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In 1517 poor prognosis patients , 21 regimens were used , the commonest being CAV , EV ( etoposide , vincristine ) , CbE , CAV alternating with PE , and oral etoposide .",[]
"Utilizing this data , we suggest that nivolumab plus ipilimumab and cabozantinib may be favored for first-line treatment of specific populations of older patients .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['nivolumab', 'ipilimumab', 'cabozantinib'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
The aim of this study was to evaluate all E. coli positive blood cultures collected during a 4-y period in a haematological department using piperacillin plus netilmicin for empiric treatment of febrile episodes .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['piperacillin', 'netilmicin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Thirty-five percent ( 6 of 17 ) of the patients receiving docetaxel alone and 53 % ( 19 of 36 ) of those receiving docetaxel and thalidomide have had a PSA decrease of at least 50 % .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['docetaxel', 'thalidomide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Evidence-based guidelines recommend nicotine replacement therapy , bupropion SR , and varenicline as effective alternatives for smoking cessation therapy , especially when combined with behavioral interventions .",[]
The efficacy of methotrexate ( MTX ) as a single graft-versus-host disease ( GVHD ) prophylaxis agent was compared to that of cyclosporin A ( CSA ) in 62 pediatric patients ( median age : 8 years ) with hematological malignancies who had undergone bone marrow transplantation ( BMT ) from HLA-identical sibling donors at National Kyushu Cancer Center since 1977 .,[]
"Owing to the wide spread activation of this pathway in numerous neoplasms , trametinib and cobimetinib are being studied in combination with other targeted and cytotoxic drugs in a variety of clinical situations .",[]
"All these isolates were found to survive in presence of heavy metals like cadmium , lead and zinc and were resistant to antibiotics like ampicillin , tetracycline , streptomycin , penicillin and chloramphenicol as indicated by their Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations ( MIC ) .",[]
Reduction of ASS1 expression by siRNA significantly sensitized mesothelioma spheroids to the pro-apoptotic effects of bortezomib and of cisplatin plus pemetrexed .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['pemetrexed', 'cisplatin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"In conclusion , the combination of thalidomide and cyclosporine in subtherapeutic doses may be useful for the treatment of skin allografts .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['thalidomide', 'cyclosporine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"We now wish to report that , under these conditions , the pss-8 mutant is hypersensitive to certain antibiotics , especially to streptomycin , kanamycin , and gentamicin , although also to ampicillin and novobiocin .",[]
"During the first 5 min of cooling , CVC decreased at control sites ( lactated Ringer solution ) to -45 + /- 6 % ( P < 0.001 ) , increased at adrenoceptor-antagonized sites ( yohimbine + propranolol ) to 15 + /- 14 % ( P = 0.002 ) , and remained unchanged at both Rho kinase-inhibited ( fasudil ) and adrenoceptor-antagonized + Rho kinase-inhibited sites ( yohimbine + propranolol + fasudil ) ( -9 + /- 1 % , P = 0.4 and -6 + /- 2 % , P = 0.4 , respectively ) .",[]
"Rats were subchronically primed with nicotine , clozapine or saline .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['nicotine', 'clozapine', 'saline'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The chimeric anti- EGFR monoclonal antibody cetuximab has been approved for EGFR-expressing colorectal tumors in patients who progress after irinotecan-based chemotherapy in combination with irinotecan and in squamous cell head and neck carcinomas for patients with locally advanced disease in combination with radiation therapy or after failure of platinum-based chemotherapy in recurrent or metastatic disease ( FDA ) .,[]
"New agents , such as taxane , irinotecan and oxaliplatin , combined with old agents , such as cisplatin and 5-FU , are currently under evaluation to further improve treatment outcomes .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['taxane', 'cisplatin', '5-FU'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [0, 3, 4], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [1, 3, 4], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Taxinol , Gemcitabine ( GEM ) , Navelbine ( NVB ) , Edatrexate ( ETX ) , CPT-11 and high dose Epirubicin ( EPI HD ) are recommended as new effective drugs .",[]
"One group was given enalapril ( EN ) 50 mg/l dissolved in the drinking water ; the second received lovastatin ( L ) 15 mg/kg given daily by gavage ; the third received both agents ; the fourth was left untreated , and the final group received no puromycin and served as the control group .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['enalapril', 'lovastatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Using the Killing-curve method , we tested the in vitro bactericidal activity of fosfomycin alone or in combination with vancomycin or teicoplanin at a concentration of 8 microg/mL , that is easily achievable in serum at standard dosing regimens , against seven methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains , isolated from patients with well documented device-associated infections unresponsive to or relapsing after glycopeptide therapy .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['fosfomycin', 'vancomycin'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Combination therapy with mitomycin , tamoxifen , and UFT proved to be an effective postoperative chemoendocrine therapy for stage II , ER-positive breast cancer .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['mitomycin', 'tamoxifen', 'UFT'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
The remaining 76 patients did not receive anti-thymocyte globulin but were given cyclosporine A and methotrexate or mycophenolate mofetil ( group 3 ) .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['cyclosporine', 'methotrexate'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Propranolol significantly decreased the maximum plasma concentration ( Cmax ) and area under the plasma concentration-time curve ( AUC ) of lacidipine ( by 38 % and 42 % , respectively ) whereas lacidipine significantly increased the Cmax and AUC of propranolol ( by 35 % and 26 % , respectively ) ; neither the time to maximum plasma concentration ( tmax ) nor the terminal half-life ( t 1/2 ) were affected .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['Propranolol', 'lacidipine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The patient received chemotherapy comprising vincristine , actinomycin D , doxorubicin , cisplatin , and cyclophosphamide .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['vincristine', 'doxorubicin', 'cyclophosphamide', 'actinomycin', 'cisplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
It was found that the increase in acoustic startle responses observed with ethanol or nicotine was attenuated by haloperidol .,[]
"The use of tacrolimus ( 88 % vs 77 % , P=.02 ) and cytolytic therapy ( 81 % vs 46 % , P < .0001 ) was likewise greater among patients who received ganciclovir prophylaxis .",[]
"Because gemcitabine has been considered a standard treatment for advanced pancreatic cancer for the past decade , several randomized trials have tested the combination of gemcitabine plus a second agent , including platinum based agents , topoisomerase inhibitors , taxanes , bevacizumab and cetuximab , as biologically "" targeted "" agents .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['gemcitabine', 'bevacizumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [1, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Gemcitabine and recently FOLFIRINOX ( 5-flourouracil , leucovorin , oxaliplatin and irinotecan ) have provided some limited survival advantage in advanced pancreatic cancer .",[]
No synergism was found against Pneumococci and Meningococci but also no antagonism of the lower MIC and MBC values seen with ampicillin and penicillin G. The combination of chloramphenicol with either penicillin or ampicillin constitutes a clinically successful therapeutic regimen which is now also proven by in vitro investigations .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['ampicillin', 'penicillin'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [1, 4], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [1, 2], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Similarly , nifedipine , nitroglycerin and hydralazine should not to be considered first-line therapies in the management of hypertensive crises because these agents are associated with significant toxicities and/or adverse effects .",[]
Bendamustine is effective both with rituximab and as a monotherapy in rituximab-refractory patients .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Bendamustine', 'rituximab'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Ten micromoles of gefitinib reversed topotecan , SN-38 , and mitoxantrone resistance , and increased the intracellular topotecan accumulation in the resistant cells but not in the parental cells .",[]
"The effects of multiple combination chemotherapy with vincristine , cyclophosphamide ( Endoxan ) , methotrexate , 5-fluorouracil , adriamycin and prednisolone ( VEMFAH ) for advanced breast cancer .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['vincristine', 'cyclophosphamide', 'methotrexate', '5-fluorouracil', 'adriamycin', 'prednisolone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Association of rash with outcomes in a randomized phase II trial evaluating cetuximab in combination with mitoxantrone plus prednisone after docetaxel for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['cetuximab', 'mitoxantrone', 'prednisone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"CDM mice show decreased Homer1a and Homer1b/c mRNA expression in cortex and blood samples , while chronic treatment with imipramine and fluoxetine or acute ketamine application increases their level only in the cortex .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['imipramine', 'fluoxetine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 122 advanced NSCLC patients with pleural effusion , and among them , 61 received thoracic hyperthermic perfusion with recombinant human endostatin ( ES ) plus nedaplatin ( Endostatin group ) , while the other 61 underwent thoracic hyperthermic perfusion with cisplatin alone ( Cisplatin group ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['endostatin', 'nedaplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In addition , stimulation of erythropoiesis with recombinant human erythropoietin , supplemental iron therapy , and improving haemostasis by aprotinin may further reduce homologous blood requirements .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['erythropoietin', 'iron', 'aprotinin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In the presence of heparin and cortisone and of cortisone alone there was a 4.5- and 2.3-fold reduction , respectively , in the growth of the 9L glioma .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['heparin', 'cortisone'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Dibutyryl cAMP , forskolin and theophylline stimulated secretion of pancreastatin and somatostatin .",[]
It was the aim of this study to evaluate maintenance therapy with bevacizumab + capecitabine following induction with bevacizumab + capecitabine + oxaliplatin ( XELOX ) versus bevacizumab + XELOX until progression as first-line therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer ( mCRC ) .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['bevacizumab', 'capecitabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [2, 3, 4], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"We chose to assess the chemopreventive effect of three different drugs : pioglitazone , lanreotide and S-trans-trans-farnesylthiosalicylic acid ( FTS ) .",[]
"Etoposide ( 25 mg , twice daily ) and prednisone ( 5 mg , twice daily ) were administered orally .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Etoposide', 'prednisone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Rosuvastatin + ezetimibe , simvastatin + ezetimibe , and atorvastatin + ezetimibe were the most cost-effective combination therapies for reducing LDL-C levels .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Rosuvastatin', 'ezetimibe'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [2, 3], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [4, 5], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"This 40-week open-label extension of the 12-week double-blind Triple Therapy With Olmesartan Medoxomil , Amlodipine , and Hydrochlorothiazide in Hypertensive Patients Study ( TRINITY ) evaluated the efficacy and safety of triple-combination treatments with olmesartan medoxomil , amlodipine besylate , and hydrochlorothiazide ( OM/AML/HCTZ ) in 2112 participants with moderate to severe hypertension .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Olmesartan', 'Amlodipine', 'Hydrochlorothiazide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Nithiamide and chlortetracycline + sulfamethazine + penicillin were least effective in preventing SD during the infection + medication and postmedication periods .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['chlortetracycline', 'sulfamethazine', 'penicillin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"The largest number of strains was resistant to gentamicin , followed by erythromycin .",[]
Behavioural impact of intraseptally released vasopressin and oxytocin in rats .,[]
"Optimized 14 day sequential therapy was non-inferior to , but better tolerated than 10 day bismuth quadruple therapy and both may be used in first-line treatment in populations with low to intermediate clarithromycin resistance .",[]
"Initial treatment with either neoadjuvant chemoradiation ( CRT ) or induction FOLFOX ( 5-Fluorouracil , leucovorin , and oxaliplatin ) chemotherapy followed by CRT is considered standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['5-Fluorouracil', 'leucovorin', 'oxaliplatin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Prior to the procedure , the child was administered a dental cocktail containing chloral hydrate , hydroxyzine , and methadone .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['chloral hydrate', 'hydroxyzine', 'methadone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"We aimed to compare the effect of four TK inhibitors ( axitinib , sunitinib , vandetanib , and XL184 ) on cell proliferation , RET expression and autophosphorylation , and ERK activation in cell lines expressing a MEN2A ( MTC-TT ) , a MEN2B ( MZ-CRC-1 ) mutation , and a RET/PTC ( TPC-1 ) rearrangement .",[]
Additive beneficial effects of fenofibrate combined with atorvastatin in the treatment of combined hyperlipidemia .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['fenofibrate', 'atorvastatin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"S. sciuri exhibited pronounced multiresistance , and many isolates were characterised by the carriage of a number of uncommon (multi)resistance genes ( e.g. cfr , apmA , fexA ) and decreased susceptibility towards last resort antibiotics such as linezolid and daptomycin .",[]
The results showed that chlorhexidine ( 0.5 mM ) was more effective than benzalkonium chloride ( 1 mM ) and piperazine ( 1 mM ) .,[]
"Finally , although anidulafungin ( as an echinocandin surrogate susceptibility marker ) and amphotericin B ECVs should identify Candida and Aspergillus isolates with reduced susceptibility to these agents using the Etest , these ECVs will not categorize a fungal isolate as susceptible or resistant , as breakpoints do .",[]
"The method decision limits were determined to be 1.27 and 0.59 microg/kg for erythromycin and tylosin , respectively .",[]
"Bevacizumab with or without erlotinib as maintenance therapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer ( GERCOR DREAM ; OPTIMOX3 ): a randomised , open-label , phase 3 trial .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Bevacizumab', 'erlotinib'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Eighteen patients with primary or recurrent ovarian cancer were treated with paclitaxel 150 or 110 mg/m2 , respectively , together with gemcitabine 800 mg/m2 and cisplatin 75 mg/m2 , 3 weekly for 6 cycles .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['paclitaxel', 'gemcitabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"After pretreatment with warfarin ( 0.2 mg/kg/day ) , low-dose rivaroxaban ( 60 mg/kg/day ) , high-dose rivaroxaban ( 120 mg/kg/day ) , or vehicle for 14 days , transient middle cerebral artery occlusion was induced for 90 min , followed by reperfusion with tPA ( 10 mg/kg/10 ml ) .",[]
The cost-minimisation analysis showed that treatment costs for a 12-week course of capecitabine ( Pounds 2132 ) and tegafur with uracil ( Pounds 3385 ) were lower than costs for the intravenous Mayo regimen ( Pounds 3593 ) and infusional regimens on the de Gramont ( Pounds 6255 ) and Modified de Gramont ( Pounds 3485 ) schedules over the same treatment period .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['capecitabine', 'tegafur', 'uracil'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"However , the combination of clindamycin and ciprofloxacin increased mortality associated with B. anthracis Sterne infection , particularly in gamma-irradiated animals .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['clindamycin', 'ciprofloxacin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"We investigated the maximum tolerated dose , dose-limiting toxicities , and response rate when the selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor celecoxib is added to concurrent irinotecan , cisplatin , and radiation therapy for patients with inoperable stage II-III non-small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['celecoxib', 'irinotecan', 'cisplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The combination of docetaxel and estramustine phosphate ( estramustine ) has been reported to be effective for HRPC .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['docetaxel', 'estramustine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Significant advances have been made in the last decade since the introduction of different tyrosine kinase inhibitors ( TKIs ) such as sunitinib , pazopanib , and sorafenib .",[]
A fixed-dose combination of artesunate + amodiaquine ( ASAQ ) was recently developed .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['artesunate', 'amodiaquine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"All patients have received a median of four and half cycles ( range , 1 - 10 ) of 3-week ( 60 - 75 mg/m2 ) docetaxel regimens and 5 mg prednisone twice per day .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['docetaxel', 'prednisone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Combination therapy with other agents including anticoagulants , antihypertensive , anti-inflammatory , oral hypoglycemic and antifungal agents as well as beta-blockers , H2 blockers , cyclosporine and digoxin has been also reviewed .",[]
Comparative study of tranexamic acid and norethisterone in the treatment of ovulatory menorrhagia .,[]
The results of this work encourage the in vivo examination of the therapeutic potential of the combination of bortezomib and rapamycin in Mantle Cell Lymphoma patients .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['bortezomib', 'rapamycin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Additive effects of combined valsartan and spironolactone on cardiac aldosterone escape in spontaneously hypertensive rats .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['valsartan', 'spironolactone'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"54 patients without distant metastases ( T2-T3b , N0-X , M0 ) received 3 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy according to the MVAC protocol ( methotrexate , vinblastine , doxorubicin and cisplatin ) after transurethral resection ( TUR ) followed by cystectomy .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['methotrexate', 'vinblastine', 'doxorubicin', 'cisplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The objective of this study was to compare cycle control , efficacy and tolerance of an oral contraceptive containing 20 microg ethinylestradiol and 150 microg desogestrel with a preparation containing 30 microg ethinylestradiol combined with 75 microg gestodene .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['ethinylestradiol', 'desogestrel'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [2, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"They were assigned to either receiving a COCP containing 20 mcg ethinyl estradiol/150 mg desogestrel for two continuous cycle or NSAID ; mefenamic acid 500 mg TDS for 5 days , 21 days apart for two cycles .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['ethinyl', 'desogestrel'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Preclinical data suggest that enzastaurin and bevacizumab may have complementary effects in inhibiting angiogenesis .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['enzastaurin', 'bevacizumab'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"The PASI-75 , -90 and -100 were the highest in secukinumab ( 91.3 % , 82.6 % , 41.3 % , respectively ) , followed by ustekinumab ( 79.6 % , 44.9 % , 16.3 % ) , adalimumab ( 64.3 % , 28.6 % , 7.1 % ) and etanercept ( 50.0 % , 30.0 % , 0 % ) .",[]
"Trials have demonstrated decreased relapse with perioperative methotrexate , vinblastine , doxorubicin and cisplatin ( M-VAC ) chemotherapy in patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['methotrexate', 'vinblastine', 'doxorubicin', 'cisplatin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"m2 on day 1 , oxaliplatin 85 mg/m² day 1 and capecitabine twice-daily dose of 625 mg/ m2 , p.o . for 2 weeks ) every 3","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['oxaliplatin', 'capecitabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The objective of this analysis was to assess the cost-effectiveness of risedronate compared to generic alendronate in Germany applying the REAL effectiveness data .,[]
"However , two phase III trials demonstrated that incorporation of oxaliplatin to capecitabine with RT did not improve early outcomes and , by contrast , increased toxicity .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['oxaliplatin', 'capecitabine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
The addition of everolimus to bicalutamide treatment of resistant tumours significantly reduced tumour growth rates and tumour volumes .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['everolimus', 'bicalutamide'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Ropivacaine and bupivacaine were the common drugs used for RA , which were independent of RA utilization .",[]
"In 13 patients treated with equivalent doses of rotigotine switched from other DAs ( pramipexole , ropinirole , and cabergoline ) , ESS did not increase after treatment ( 10.0 ± 4.6 before and 8.6 ± 4.5 after treatment ) and decreased without worsening of CGI-I in 54 % patients .",[]
"To assess plasma steady-state pharmacokinetics ( PK ) of rifampicin , isoniazid , saquinavir and ritonavir in HIV and tuberculosis ( TB ) co-infected patients , and investigate potential interactions between TB drugs and protease inhibitors ( PIs ) .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['isoniazid', 'saquinavir', 'ritonavir', 'rifampicin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
We randomly assigned 808 patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer to receive placebo plus trastuzumab plus docetaxel ( control group ) or pertuzumab plus trastuzumab plus docetaxel ( pertuzumab group ) as first-line treatment until the time of disease progression or the development of toxic effects that could not be effectively managed .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['pertuzumab', 'trastuzumab', 'docetaxel'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [0, 1], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Toxicological studies revealed that the oral LD50 for thiabendazole in mice was 2200 mg/kg , and when combined with 140 mg/kg of aspirin , the LD50 was reduced to 900 mg/kg .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['thiabendazole', 'aspirin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Azacitidine and enasidenib are two therapies available for treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia ( AML ) , and the mechanisms of action of these drugs involve alteration of aberrant DNA methylation .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['Azacitidine', 'enasidenib'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Good , moderate and mild pain relief were noted in 19 ( 41 % ) , six ( 13 % ) and seven ( 15 % ) patients on lamotrigine and 13 ( 28 % ) , five ( 11 % ) and 15 ( 33 % ) patients on amitriptyline , respectively , by patient 's global assessment of efficacy and safety .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['lamotrigine', 'amitriptyline'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The majority of the evidence comes from studies of bevacizumab and triamcinolone used as primary therapy for DMO .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['bevacizumab', 'triamcinolone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Doxorubicin and ifosfamide are currently the two main drugs for the treatment of soft tissue sarcomas in adults .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Doxorubicin', 'ifosfamide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The skin and oral mucous membrane lesions recurred after effective treatments with methylprednisolone pulse therapy and combination therapy with prednisolone and cyclosporine .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['prednisolone', 'cyclosporine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Incorporation of colistin significantly accelerated the release of ciprofloxacin from the DMPG anionic liposomes .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['colistin', 'ciprofloxacin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"MAB using flutamide as second-line hormonal therapy can give a comparatively favourable PSA response with no severe side-effects ; therefore , this therapy may be suitable for patients with HRPC after primary MAB using bicalutamide has failed , particularly in those with no bone metastases or whose disease has progressed for > 1 year after first-line therapy .",[]
Phase I study of decitabine in combination with vorinostat in patients with advanced solid tumors and non-Hodgkin 's lymphomas .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['decitabine', 'vorinostat'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Epirubicin ( 35 mg/m(2 ) ) and cyclophosphamide ( 400 mg/m(2 ) ) were administered from day 2 to day 4 , every 4 weeks .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Epirubicin', 'cyclophosphamide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Our patient could be weaned from LVAD probably due to the combination management strategy employing mitral valvuloplasty , use of cardiac resynchronization therapy , and taking carvedilol with spironolactone .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['carvedilol', 'spironolactone'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Serum hydroxyzine and cetirizine concentrations were above the limit of quantitation ( 0.1 ng/ml ) of the assay,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['hydroxyzine', 'cetirizine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Although well tolerated , the efficacy of everolimus and vinorelbine combination therapy was not superior to vinorelbine monotherapy .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['everolimus', 'vinorelbine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"In addition , our results suggested that adalimumab , tocilizumab , rituximab and glucocorticoids may also have beneficial effects in restoring normal transcriptome , but not chloroquine , hydroxychloroquine or interferons .",[]
"In addition , biochemical examinations revealed that docetaxel could induce phosphorylation of both bcl-2 and c-raf-1 , but these changes were inhibited when tumor cells were pretreated or simultaneously treated with doxorubicin .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['docetaxel', 'doxorubicin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Enhancement of radiation-induced downstaging of rectal cancer by fluorouracil and high-dose leucovorin chemotherapy .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['fluorouracil', 'leucovorin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Final analysis of a phase II study of nivolumab in combination with ipilimumab for unresectable chemotherapy-naive advanced melanoma .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['nivolumab', 'ipilimumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In some relatively developed regions in China , infliximab and rituximab may be a favorable cost-effective alternative for moderate to severe RA .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['infliximab', 'rituximab'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Topiramate CR treatment produced significant weight loss and meaningful improvements in A1C and blood pressure in obese patients with type 2 diabetes treated with diet and exercise or in combination with metformin .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Topiramate', 'metformin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"To compare efficacy and toxicity of bolus application of chemotherapy protocol , oxaliplatin , fluorouracil ( bolus ) , leucovorin ( folfox ) between two groups of patients in the therapy of metastatic colorectal carcinoma ( mCRC ) .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['oxaliplatin', 'fluorouracil', 'leucovorin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Verapamil and quinine were added in patients with tumors failing to respond or progressing on CVAD alone .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Verapamil', 'quinine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"However , dipyridamole had no effect on both the influx and efflux of epirubicin in doxorubicin-sensitive cells .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['dipyridamole', 'epirubicin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"This study aims to evaluate the potential role of combination therapy with docetaxel , flavopiridol , or 5-FU in modulating chemosensitivity and better understand how they might be used clinically .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['docetaxel', 'flavopiridol'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Dipyridamole or dipyridamole and acetylsalicyclic acid were used in 22 pregnancies .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['dipyridamole', 'acetylsalicyclic acid'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Bevacizumab and trastuzumab are efficacious for treatment of advanced or HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer ; however , few data exist for this regimen in inflammatory breast cancer .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['Bevacizumab', 'trastuzumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The frequency of their resistance to penicillin and ampicillin was 76.8 % ( 159/207 ) , followed by erythromycin ( 56 % , 116/207 ) , trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole ( 28.5 % , 59/207 ) , chloramphenicol ( 24.2 % , 50/207 ) , kanamycin ( 19.8 % , 41/207 ) , and doxycycline ( 1.4 % , 3/207 ) .",[]
"Rats were distributed into three groups ( n = 5 ) according to the drug studied namely , 50 % enantiomeric excess bupivacaine mixture ( 5 μg/mL ) ; pancuronium ( 2 μg/mL ) ; 50 % enantiomeric excess bupivacaine mixture + pancuronium .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['bupivacaine', 'pancuronium'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Blood was sampled immediately prior to premedication ( temazepam ) , after induction of anaesthesia ( fentanyl and thiopentone ) and at 10-minute intervals until the end of the procedure ( N2O maintenance , vecuronium relaxation ) .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['temazepam', 'fentanyl', 'thiopentone', 'vecuronium'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"This study was performed to compare the efficacy of peritonsillar infiltration of bupivacaine , tramadol and combination of bupivacaine-tramadol in post-tonsillectomy pain .",[]
"The planned concomitant treatment in group B was : bleomycin 5 units twice a week i.m . , total dose 70 units , mitomycin C 15 mg/m2 i.v . after delivery of 10 Gy , and 10 mg/m2 i.v . on the last day of radiotherapy .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['bleomycin', 'mitomycin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The study objectives were to evaluate the safety , tolerability , and preliminary efficacy of multiple doses of dulanermin in combination with modified FOLFOX6 and bevacizumab in previously untreated patients with locally advanced , recurrent , or metastatic colorectal cancer .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['dulanermin', 'FOLFOX6', 'bevacizumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Inhalatory beta2-mimetics with long-term action ( LABA ) , formoterol and salmeterol , possess a period of action longer than 12 hours .",[]
"This study evaluates the possible protective effects of the calcium channel blocker amlodipine , the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor lisinopril , and the xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol against experimental acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity , aiming to understand its underlying hepatotoxic mechanisms .",[]
"The study was conducted in 90 patients operated on for unilateral breast cancer who were then assigned to receive either 12 intravenous cycles of cyclophosphamide , methotrexate and fluorouracil ( CMF ) every three weeks , or no further treatment .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cyclophosphamide', 'methotrexate', 'fluorouracil'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
This study compared the efficacy of topical emedastine 0.05 % ophthalmic solution with that of oral loratadine 10 mg and their combination in the conjunctival allergen challenge model of allergic conjunctivitis .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['emedastine', 'loratadine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Erythromycin , clindamycin and carbenicillin suppressed the donor flora permanently , as could be seen by the reduced colonization resistance .",[]
"Mycophenolate mofetil resulted in rapid improvement of steroid-refractory immune-related adverse event hepatitis , induced by nivolumab plus ipilimumab .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['nivolumab', 'ipilimumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The mannose-linked prodrugs of saquinavir and indinavir display therefore a most promising therapeutic potential provided that bioavailability , penetration into the HIV infected macrophages , and HIV-reservoirs of these PIs are improved .",[]
Resistant isolates emerged quickly and uniformly in all patients administered nevirapine either as monotherapy or in combination with zidovudine ( AZT ) .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['nevirapine', 'zidovudine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Postoperative combination chemotherapy for six cycles with cisplatin ( 100 mg/m2 per day for 1 day every 3 weeks ) , bleomycin ( 15 units intravenously weekly for 18 weeks ) and etoposide ( 100 mg/m2 per day for 3 days every 3 weeks ) were given and the tumor responded dramatically .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cisplatin', 'bleomycin', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"The other received chemotherapy including prednisone , vincristine , cytarabine and L-asparaginase , combined with intrathecal injections of methotrexate , dexamethasone and Ara-C and supporting treatment .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['prednisone', 'vincristine', 'cytarabine', 'L-asparaginase'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Then , neoadjuvant chemotherapy ( NAC ) consisting of a combination of 5-fluorouracil ( 5-FU ) , oxaliplatin , irinotecan , and leucovorin ( FOLFOXIRI ) was planned , followed by primary tumor resection .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['5-fluorouracil', 'oxaliplatin', 'irinotecan', 'leucovorin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Interestingly , aspirin not only significantly inhibited the growth of TNBC cells , but also attenuated YAP and β-catenin expression by upregulating the E3 ubiquitin ligase β-TrCP to abolished docetaxel and vinorelbine resistance .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['aspirin', 'docetaxel', 'vinorelbine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
No alterations in paclitaxel or doxorubicin pharmacokinetics were observed when the drugs were administered alone versus in combination .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['paclitaxel', 'doxorubicin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Twenty-seven received rituximab mainly in addition to high-dose cytarabine and etoposide ( n = 18 ) and/or ifosfamide , carboplatin , and etoposide ( n = 7 ) .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['rituximab', 'cytarabine', 'etoposide', 'ifosfamide', 'carboplatin', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"A significant reduction in plasma 8-isoprostane and oxLDL levels was observed in all treatment groups [ by 10 % , 8 % and 6 % ( p < 0.05 compared with baseline ) and 41 % , 40 % and 39 % ( p < 0.001 compared with baseline ) in simvastatin , simvastatin/ezetimibe and rosuvastatin groups , respectively ] .",[]
"Both mono and combination therapies achieved the primary efficacy parameters : lowered diastolic blood pressure ( at trough ) more than placebo , p < 01 ( except the 120 mg verapamil SR , NS , 0.5 mg trandolapril , 0.5/180 and 2/120 combinations , p < 05 ) , yielded a trough to peak ratio of > 0.52 and had higher percentages of responders compared to placebo .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['verapamil', 'trandolapril'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"In metastastic patients , the combination of gemcitabine and cisplatin has become the new standard regimen due to a lower toxicity in comparison to the combination of methotrexate , vinblastine , doxorubicin , and cisplatin ( MVAC ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['gemcitabine', 'cisplatin'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [1, 2, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In the last few years , a flurry of new and more potent ALK inhibitors has emerged for the treatment of ALK-positive NSCLC , including ceritinib ( LDK378 ) , alectinib ( RO5424802/CH5424802 ) , AP26113 , ASP3026 , TSR-011 , PF-06463922 , RXDX-101 , X-396 , and CEP-37440 .",[]
"A randomized clinical trial of adjuvant chemotherapy with doxorubicin , ifosfamide , and cisplatin followed by radiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone in patients with localized uterine sarcomas ( SARCGYN study ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['doxorubicin', 'ifosfamide', 'cisplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Combination therapy with irinotecan ( CPT-11 ) , 5-fluorouracil ( 5-FU ) and leucovorin is widely used for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['irinotecan', 'leucovorin', '5-fluorouracil'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Long-term safety and outcome of fludarabine , cyclophosphamide and mitoxantrone ( FCM ) regimen in previously untreated patients with advanced follicular lymphoma : 12 years follow-up of a phase 2 trial .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['fludarabine', 'cyclophosphamide', 'mitoxantrone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"After clinical improvement under vemurafenib monotherapy , four cycles of ipilimumab were additionally administered .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['vemurafenib', 'ipilimumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Bevacizumab plus paclitaxel versus bevacizumab plus capecitabine as first-line treatment for HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer ( TURANDOT ): primary endpoint results of a randomised , open-label , non-inferiority , phase 3 trial .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['bevacizumab', 'capecitabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [0, 1], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"She underwent rectectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy with fluorouracil , leucovorin plus oxaliplatin for stage IIIB rectal cancer .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['fluorouracil', 'leucovorin', 'oxaliplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"We designed this phase II trial to evaluate the safety , tolerability , and efficacy of the combination of carboplatin , paclitaxel , cetuximab , and bevacizumab in chemotherapy-naive patients with advanced , nonsquamous NSCLC .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['carboplatin', 'paclitaxel', 'cetuximab', 'bevacizumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"All patients underwent mexiletine monotherapy ( M-mono ) , propafenone monotherapy ( P-mono ) , low dose combination therapy ( low M+P ) , and full dose combination therapy ( full M+P ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['mexiletine', 'propafenone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Cephalexin , 500 mg 4 times daily , plus trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole , 320 mg/1600 mg twice daily , for 7 days ( n = 248 participants ) or cephalexin plus placebo for 7 days ( n = 248 participants ) .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['Cephalexin', 'trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In the NALA trial , neratinib plus capecitabine led to increased PFS and time to intervention for central nervous system disease over the standard regimen of lapatinib plus capecitabine .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['neratinib', 'capecitabine'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [2, 3], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Since the patient had anemia , aspirin and cilostazol were discontinued after diagnosis .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['aspirin', 'cilostazol'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
This case report describes a patient with O-NHL which was possibly linked to the combination of methotrexate and etanercept for the treatment of her rheumatoid arthritis .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['methotrexate', 'etanercept'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"In a prospective , pragmatic , randomised , parallel group study , 170 patients of mean ( SD ) age 37 ( 12 ) years with acute asthma ( peak expiratory flow ( PEF ) 212 ( 80 ) l/min ) presenting to hospital received treatment with either high dose prednisolone and continuous nebulised salbutamol as recommended in the US or lower dose prednisolone and bolus nebulised salbutamol as recommended in the UK by the BTS .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['prednisolone', 'salbutamol'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"We report a case of a 78-year-old white male ( weight , 90 kg ) presented to the Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology , Istituto Clinico Humanitas , Rozzano , Milan , Italy , with refractory MM immunoglobulin G kappa ( IgGkappa ) , Durie-Salmon Stage IIA , with progressive renal failure after an oral melphalan , prednisone , and thalidomide regimen ( 4 mg/m2.d , 40 mg/m2.d for 7 days every 6 weeks , and 100 mg/d , respectively ) .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['melphalan', 'prednisone', 'thalidomide'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Following an intravitreal injection of ranibizumab , off-label administration of intravitreal dexamethasone was considered to reduce the edema .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['ranibizumab', 'dexamethasone'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Rabeprazole was similar to omeprazole and superior to placebo in both maintenance of healing and prevention of symptoms in patients with healed GERD in 1-year studies .,[]
"We performed a prospective , preplanned , pooled analysis of six randomized , phase 3 trials that were conducted concurrently to evaluate the noninferiority of adjuvant therapy with either FOLFOX ( fluorouracil , leucovorin , and oxaliplatin ) or CAPOX ( capecitabine and oxaliplatin ) administered for 3 months , as compared with 6 months .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['capecitabine', 'oxaliplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [0, 1, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Growth inhibition and apoptosis were significantly ( P < 0.05 ) higher in BxPC-3 , HPAC , and PANC-1 cells treated with celecoxib and erlotinib than cells treated with either celecoxib or erlotinib .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['celecoxib', 'erlotinib'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Subcutaneous aspirin , 100 mg/kg , which reduced duodenal PGE2 generation to a greater degree than either ulcerogen , given in conjunction with pentagastrin , did not produce visible duodenal ulceration.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS )",[]
"Prevalence of metronidazole , clarithromycin , and amoxicillin resistance is high in developing world including Africa .",[]
These results indicate that low-dose 100 microg levonorgestrel and 20 microg ethinyl estradiol given for 21 days is effective in suppressing ovarian activity and they confirm the contraceptive efficacy observed in clinical trials ( Pearl index of 0.8 ) .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['levonorgestrel', 'ethinyl'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
The combination of ixabepilone and capecitabine in the phase II study resulted in an ORR of 23 % in triple-negative patients .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['ixabepilone', 'capecitabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
We report the rare case of a 27-year-old premenopausal woman with locally advanced breast cancer that was marked by rapid tumor necrosis followed by massive hemorrhage shortly after bevacizumab and paclitaxel administration .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['bevacizumab', 'paclitaxel'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"More recently , paclitaxel plus carboplatin also has been evaluated in previously untreated patients .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['paclitaxel', 'carboplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Mitoxantrone and cyclophosphamide in advanced breast cancer : a pilot study .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Mitoxantrone', 'cyclophosphamide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"We retrospectively analyzed the data of 37 patients who had postprandial hyperglycemia ( ≥10.0 mmol/L ) with BOT ( long-acting insulin plus glimepiride ) with their insulin titrated enough to keep preprandial glycemia < 7.2 mmol/L , and who had their treatment changed to liraglutide monotherapy , with the subsequent addition of glimepiride , when required .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['liraglutide', 'glimepiride'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"It was shown that the H2 receptor antagonist cimetidine when combined with N , N-diethyl-2-[4-(phenylmethyl)phenoxy]-ethanamine-HCl ( DPPE ) , a tamoxifen derivate , inhibits the proliferation of HT168 cells .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cimetidine', 'DPPE', 'N-diethyl-2-[4-(phenylmethyl)phenoxy]-ethanamine-HCl'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
We report here on a case of successful treatment of a patient suffering with severe liver dysfunction and metastatic gastric cancer ; the patient was treated with a combination of capecitabine and oxaliplatin ( XELOX ) .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['capecitabine', 'oxaliplatin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"From 1987 to 1991 , 194 previously untreated patients received vincristine and ifosfamide plus dactinomycin or etoposide for 1 - 2 years .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['vincristine', 'ifosfamide', 'dactinomycin'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'NEG', 'spans': [0, 1, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"This nested substudy of the AVALON trial assessed the effects of coadministered amlodipine and atorvastatin vs. either therapy alone or placebo on arterial compliance , to evaluate the vascular benefits of coadministered therapy .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['amlodipine', 'atorvastatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"We analysed the serial dermatoscopic photographs of atypical melanocytic lesions taken from patients with advanced metastatic melanoma on four different systemic therapies ( selective BRAF-inhibitor monotherapy , dabrafenib combined with trametinib [ D&T ] , anti-programmed cell death protein 1 [ anti-PD1 ] therapies , and anti-PD1 combined with ipilimumab ) seen from February 2013 to May 2016 .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['dabrafenib', 'trametinib'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [2, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
He received six cycles MOPP-induction therapy followed by a chlorambucil maintenance therapy with procarbazine and prednisone reinforcements .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['chlorambucil', 'procarbazine', 'prednisone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The introduction of rituximab , alemtuzumab , and bendamustine has improved the current outlook for patients with CLL .",[]
Ten patients were treated with pirfenidone ( 2403 mg/die ) and 1 with nintedanib,[]
"More recently , case-control and cohort studies and well-conceived , phase II/III clinical trials have been done or are under way to evaluate putative chemopreventive agents including established drugs like aspirin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( NSAIDs ) , 5-aminosalicylates and statins ; more controversial drugs like cyclo-oxygenase-2 ( COX-2 ) inhibitors , ursodeoxycholic acid ; various vitamins and micronutrients including calcium , selenium , folic acid , and dietary fibre , fat and protein content .",[]
Frontline bortezomib and rituximab for the treatment of newly diagnosed high tumour burden indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma : a multicentre phase II study .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['bortezomib', 'rituximab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The ifosfamide , carboplatin and etoposide ( ICE ) regimen was developed to address these challenges .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['ifosfamide', 'carboplatin', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Tofacitinib combination therapy was also associated with the lower PMPM cost compared with adalimumab combination therapy in the TNF-IR analysis .,[]
"Effect of sequential treatments with alendronate , parathyroid hormone ( 1 - 34 ) and raloxifene on cortical bone mass and strength in ovariectomized rats .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['alendronate', 'parathyroid hormone', 'raloxifene'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Atorvastatin and metformin both have pleiotropic effects .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Atorvastatin', 'metformin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Bevacizumab , a monoclonal antibody targeting vascular endothelial growth factor , is the first antiangiogenic drug to show improved efficacy when used in combination with irinotecan and oxaliplatin for first- and second-line treatment of CRC .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Bevacizumab', 'irinotecan', 'oxaliplatin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Available data indicate that GLY and aclidinium have similar efficacy to tiotropium in terms of improving lung function , dyspnea , exacerbations , and health status .",[]
"Between Oct 24 , 2016 , and Jan 24 , 2018 , 861 patients were randomly assigned to receive pembrolizumab plus axitinib ( n=432 ) or sunitinib monotherapy ( n=429 ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['pembrolizumab', 'axitinib'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Patients received 175 mg/m of paclitaxel over a 3 h infusion , followed by nedaplatin 80 mg/m in a 1 h infusion on day 1 every 3 weeks for up to 6 treatment cycles .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['paclitaxel', 'nedaplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"After a median follow-up of 9.5 years , 10-year OS rates in the bolus/infusional fluorouracil plus leucovorin ( LV5FU2 ) and LV5FU2 plus oxaliplatin ( FOLFOX4 ) arms were 67.1 % versus 71.7 % ( hazard ratio [ HR ] , 0.85 ; P = .043 ) in the whole population , 79.5 % versus 78.4 % for stage II ( HR , 1.00 ; P = .980 ) , and 59.0 % versus 67.1 % for stage III ( HR , 0.80 ; P = .016 ) disease .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['fluorouracil', 'leucovorin'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [2, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
[ Effects of combined use of dofetilide and verapamil on the action potential of papillary muscles in guinea pigs ] .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['dofetilide', 'verapamil'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma , pre-treated with gemcitabine-based chemotherapy , were treated with capecitabine ( 800 mg/m(2 ) orally , twice a day for 14 days ) and docetaxel ( 75 mg/m(2 ) i.v , on day 1 ) , every 3 weeks .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['capecitabine', 'docetaxel'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Comparative study of dose escalation versus interval reduction to obtain dose-intensification of epirubicin and cyclophosphamide with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in advanced breast cancer .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['epirubicin', 'cyclophosphamide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The hearts were treated during the whole procedure either with vehicle , 0.5 μM flecainide ( sodium channel blocker ) or 100 μM streptomycin ( here used as stretch-activated ion-channel blocker ) .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['flecainide', 'streptomycin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In the APHINITY study ( NCT01358877 , BIG 4 - 11/BO25126/TOC4939 G ) , pertuzumab added to trastuzumab and chemotherapy significantly improved invasive disease-free survival as adjuvant treatment for patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['pertuzumab', 'trastuzumab'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"In two trials , an anti-EGFR antibody ( panitumumab or cetuximab ) reduced median survival when added to bevacizumab in previously untreated patients .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['panitumumab', 'bevacizumab'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'NEG', 'spans': [1, 2], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
The results of the APPEARANCE trial indicate that adapalene does not prevent acne-like rash over placebo when added to topical moisturizer and oral minocycline but instead may have a detrimental effect .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['adapalene', 'minocycline'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Both regimens included cyclophosphamide , methotrexate , 5-FU , prednisone , and doxorubicin .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cyclophosphamide', 'doxorubicin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In 2011 , new drugs were approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration , including peginterferon alfa-2b for patients with stage III disease , vemurafenib for patients with metastatic melanoma with the BRAF V600E mutation , and ipilimumab , a monoclonal antibody directed to the CTLA-4 T lymphocyte receptor , to combat metastatic melanoma in patients who do not have the BRAF V600E mutation .",[]
"Individual studies have reported differences between antiandrogens in terms of both tolerability and efficacy-for example , bicalutamide has been shown to be better tolerated than flutamide , and may be associated with improved survival .",[]
"A Randomized , Multicenter , Double-blind , Phase III Study to Evaluate the Efficacy on Allergic Rhinitis and Safety of a Combination Therapy of Montelukast and Levocetirizine in Patients With Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Montelukast', 'Levocetirizine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Intravenous administration of cefoperazone and sulbactam given as individual agents compared with the combination did not show pharmacokinetic differences that are likely to produce clinically relevant effects .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['cefoperazone', 'sulbactam'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"HDC with cyclophosphamide , carmustine and thiotepa was given from day -7 to -5 .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['cyclophosphamide', 'carmustine', 'thiotepa'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Melatonin or sulpiride could replace these environmental factors .,[]
Trastuzumab and Pertuzumab Plant Biosimilars : Modification of Asn297-linked Glycan of the mAbs Produced in a Plant with Fucosyltransferase and Xylosyltransferase Gene Knockouts .,[]
"A recently reported phase II trial has demonstrated that trastuzumab plus vinorelbine is both effective ( overall response rate 75 % ) and well tolerated , with the major side effects being typical of single-agent vinorelbine .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['trastuzumab', 'vinorelbine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Men with prostate cancer were randomly assigned to one of four treatment arms : leuprorelin , goserelin , cyproterone acetate ( CPA ) , or close clinical monitoring .",[]
"There were no significant differences between the two treatment groups , except that amantadine was inferior to mycophenolate mofetil regarding the outcome failure to achieve end-of treatment virological response ( low quality of evidence ) .",[]
"Furthermore , more incidences of severe fatigue , thrombocytopenia , and neutropenia were recorded for sunitinib , but pazopanib had more liver toxicity .",[]
Streptomycin appears to be the most effective agent followed by gentamicin and the least active was netilmicin .,[]
"Neither behavioral therapy , clomipramine , methylphenidate , buspirone , nor naltrexone was effective in monotherapeutic trials .",[]
Pharmacokinetic PET imaging data analysis quantitatively showed the pharmacological effects of teriparatide-induced suppression of upper gastrointestinal motility and its restoration by granisetron and mosapride .,[]
Differences were observed when palbociclib or ribociclib was used in combination with letrozole or anastrozole or fulvestrant .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['palbociclib', 'letrozole'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [0, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [0, 4], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Resolution of muscle damage followed discontinuation of cyclosporine and lovastatin therapy .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['cyclosporine', 'lovastatin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"In order to elucidate the possible interference of the antiparkinson drug 1-aminoadamantane ( D-1 , PK Merz ) and the antispastic compound 1,3-dimethyl-5-aminoadamantane ( DMAA , D-145 , memantine , Memantine ) on neurotransmitter metabolism , the effect of D-1 and its C-alkyl derivatives memantine , 1-amino-3,5,7-trimethyladamantane ( D-191 ) , and 1-amino-3-(n)-butyladamantane ( D-178 ) on MAO activity in brain , liver , and kidney of the rat was investigated .",[]
"Primary chemotherapy with gemcitabine , liposomal doxorubicin and docetaxel in patients with locally advanced breast cancer : results of a phase I trial .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['gemcitabine', 'doxorubicin', 'docetaxel'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"A single bolus of dexamethasone , given before a single large meal , produces a delayed ( 6-hour ) but long-lasting increase in serum leptin ( over 16 hours ) .",[]
"The aim of this single-blind , randomized , controlled trial was to investigate treatment efficacy and safety of aripiprazole as an adjunct to valproic acid ( Ari+Val ) , compared with haloperidol plus valproic acid ( Hal+Val ) , in acute manic patients .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['aripiprazole', 'valproic'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [2, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Because the incidence of nausea and vomiting is significantly reduced when ketorolac is used in place of opioids to attenuate postoperative pain , it would appear to be an appropriate choice of agent to use following propofol anesthesia .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['ketorolac', 'propofol'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
The combination of vandetanib and bicalutamide was associated with considerable toxicity and did not have superior efficacy over bicalutamide alone .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['vandetanib', 'bicalutamide'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Our data indicate that the addition of Aspirin or of Atenolol to Metformin might be beneficial for BC control , and that this activity is likely due to effects on both BC and microenvironment cells .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Aspirin', 'Metformin'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [1, 2], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Coadministration of vorinostat and oxaliplatin induced G2/M phase arrest , triggered caspase-dependent apoptosis , and decreased tumorigenicity both in vitro and in vivo .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['vorinostat', 'oxaliplatin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Randomized open trial of gentamicin and doxycycline for eradication of Bartonella quintana from blood in patients with chronic bacteremia .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['gentamicin', 'doxycycline'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The role of dual antiplatelet therapy combining aspirin and clopidogrel , is controversial .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['aspirin', 'clopidogrel'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"We conducted a dose-escalating study of daunorubicin combined to fixed doses of IM ( imatinib mesylate , 600 mg/d ) and cytarabine ( 200 mg/d for 7 days ) , followed by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation or maintenance therapy with single-agent IM in patients with MBC-CML at onset or after failure of therapy excluding TKIs .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['daunorubicin', 'imatinib', 'cytarabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"[ Combination chemo-endocrine therapy of metastatic and stage IV breast cancer with cyclophosphamide , adriamycin , prednisolone and tamoxifen (CAPT)--with special reference to management of brain and liver metastasis ] .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cyclophosphamide', 'adriamycin', 'prednisolone', 'tamoxifen'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Ra ( rate of production ) was measured during infusion of variable doses of epinephrine with or without variable doses of propranolol , a competitive beta-adrenergic antagonist to isolate the alpha-adrenergic agonist effects .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['epinephrine', 'propranolol'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The ranking order of the response rate was LD ( best ) , doxorubicin , epirubicin , ED , and DD ( worst ) .",[]
"Systemic treatment with physostigmine , an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase , modestly reduced the acquisition and rate of heroin self-administration , and this suppression of heroin intake was reversed by pretreatment with scopolamine but not by mecamylamine .",[]
"First-line lenvatinib , which was shown to be noninferior to sorafenib , excluded patients with main portal trunk invasion .",[]
The OAK study evaluated the efficacy and safety of atezolizumab versus docetaxel as second-line or third-line treatment for stage IIIb/IV non-small cell lung cancer .,[]
"In conclusion , combined treatment with 0.375 IU of bleomycin and 4 mg of triamcinolone acetonide to 1 cm2 was considered to be an acceptable procedure for the treatment of keloids .",[]
A 29-year-old man with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy and medically refractory GTCS on a combination of levetiracetam and topiramate was started on lacosamide adjunctive therapy with the plan to replace topiramate .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['levetiracetam', 'topiramate'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'NEG', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"[ A randomized controlled trial of immunochemotherapy using carmofur ( HCFU ) , mitomycin C and immunopotentiators in advanced gastric cancer following noncurative resection and nonresection ] .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['carmofur', 'mitomycin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"We thus undertook an extensive longitudinal immunologic study , including phenotypic , transcriptomic , and functional analyses , on 44 first-line and 27 relapsed/refractory patients enrolled in the GALEN trial ( Obinutuzumab Combined With Lenalidomide for Relapsed or Refractory Follicular B-Cell Lymphoma ) to test the efficacy of lenalidomide and obinutuzumab combination in patients with FL .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['Obinutuzumab', 'Lenalidomide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Blockade of beta-receptors by the nonselective beta-blocking agent propranolol did not modify the brachial artery diameter , whereas pindolol increased this parameter for the same degree of blood pressure reduction .",[]
"Nab-paclitaxel has demonstrated improved PFS and tolerability compared with standard cremophor-solubilized paclitaxel ; based on this , we examined the efficacy and safety of combining weekly nab-paclitaxel with carboplatin and bevacizumab in TNMBC .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['carboplatin', 'bevacizumab', 'nab-paclitaxel'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Acute renal failure ( ARF ) occurred concomitantly with the administration of gentamicin in combination with clindamycin in three patients in whom no other known predisposing cause of ARF could be demonstrated .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['gentamicin', 'clindamycin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"However , nicotinic acid , nicotinamide , and pyridoxamine are not able to reverse the effect of isoniazid .",[]
"To explore the role of augmenting neutrophil function in B-cell lymphoma , we conducted a phase II study evaluating the safety and clinical efficacy of pegfilgrastim and rituximab in low-grade CD20","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['pegfilgrastim', 'rituximab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The aim of this paper is to compare intravitreous aflibercept versus dexamethasone implant followed by aflibercept ( sequential treatment group ) in patients with diabetic macular edema ( DME ) .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['dexamethasone', 'aflibercept'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Patients with advanced solid tumors received standard doses of paclitaxel and carboplatin on day 1 followed by either 0.1 mg/Kg or 0.2 mg/Kg CP-870,893 on day 3 ( Schedule A ) or day 8 ( Schedule B ) , repeated every 21 d.","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['paclitaxel', 'carboplatin', 'CP-870,893'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Thirty-two patients with advanced breast carcinoma were randomized to receive increasing doses of paclitaxel ( 45 , 65 , 80 , 90 and 100 mg/m2 ) or docetaxel ( 30 , 35 , 40 , 45 and 50 mg/m2 ) together with the CMF agents at the same dose as that used in the conventional regimen .",[]
"In a 52-week , open-label , multicenter , extension study , HDL-C , TG , and LDL-C levels continued to improve , or were maintained , during combination therapy with once-daily fenofibric acid 135 mg plus a moderate-dose statin ( atorvastatin 40 mg , rosuvastatin 20 mg , or simvastatin 40 mg ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['fenofibric', 'atorvastatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
To compare the safety and efficacy of 2 doses of lamivudine given in combination with zidovudine with continued zidovudine monotherapy .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['lamivudine', 'zidovudine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Bradykinin enhanced the effect of carbachol by about 10 - 15 % .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Bradykinin', 'carbachol'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Here , we report that combinatorial treatment using EGFRis , such as gefitinib or erlotinib , with PI3K/AKT pathway inhibitors ( PI3K/AKTis ) demonstrated a synergistic , anti-proliferative effect in cell lines of the basal-like ( BL ) subtype , a subtype of TNBC .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['gefitinib', 'PI3K/AKTis'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [1, 2], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Patients received gemcitabine 1000 mg/m² intravenously on days 1 and 8 , capecitabine 1300 mg/m² oral daily from day 1 to 14 , and dovitinib oral daily 5 days on and 2 days off , every 21-day cycle .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['gemcitabine', 'capecitabine', 'dovitinib'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
A reduced dose of oxaliplatin 105 mg/m(2 ) on day 1 with doxorubicin at 20 mg/m(2)/dose on days 1 - 3 was well tolerated .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['oxaliplatin', 'doxorubicin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In terms of recurrent disease , two positive phase III trials revealed that trebananib and cediranib are effective anti-angiogenic agents for this indication .",[]
"A total of 80 patients were randomized , including 44 to the combination group ( tamsulosin 0.4 mg and tolterodine early release 4 mg ) and 36 to the monotherapy group ( tamsulosin 0.4 mg and placebo ) .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['tamsulosin', 'tolterodine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"However , thiostrepton , dexamethasone , 2-methoxyestradiol , δ-tocotrienol , quercetin , and quinine sulphate were effective in pancreatic , prostate , breast , lungs , melanoma , Β-lymphocytes , and T-cells ( Jurkat : 40 % to 95 % ) compared to respective controls .",[]
"Of them , 47 patients started with docetaxel at cycle one due to reaction to paclitaxel ( n=32 ) , fear of NT ( n=4 ) , and other reasons ( n=11 ) , whereas 59 patients switched to docetaxel during cycle 2 - 6 due to NT ( n=32 ) , reaction to paclitaxel ( n=19 ) , and other reasons ( n=8 ) .",[]
"Treatment of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis by extracorporeal immunoadsorption , prednisolone and cyclophosphamide .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['prednisolone', 'cyclophosphamide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"[ Doxifluridine , medroxyprogesterone acetate and cyclophosphamide ( DMpC ) combination therapy is effective against recurrent triple negative breast cancer -- a case report ] .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Doxifluridine', 'medroxyprogesterone', 'cyclophosphamide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Superposition predicted that oral dosing of 1800-mg valganciclovir two times daily would fail to produce and maintain effective plasma concentrations of ganciclovir .,[]
"The levels of 3 NF-kappaB transcription factors , the activating inhibitors of NF-kappaB ( IkappaB ) kinases , and the NF-kappaB target matrix metalloproteinase 9 ( MMP9 ) were assessed by immunohistochemistry in specimens of ovarian cancer that were obtained at diagnosis from a cohort of 33 patients who subsequently received combined paclitaxel , cisplatin , and cyclophosphamide .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['paclitaxel', 'cyclophosphamide', 'cisplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The clonidine DV suppression was reliably reversed by yohimbine ( 1.75 micrograms ) , but by none of the other adrenoceptor antagonists or naloxone .",[]
"There was heterogeneity in tumour responsiveness to sunitinib or sorafenib according to CAIX status ; the mean shrinkage was -17 % vs -25 % for sunitinib-treated patients with high vs low tumour CAIX expression , compared to -13 % vs + 9 % for sorafenib-treated patients ( P interaction , 0.05 ) .",[]
Randomized Phase II Trial of Seribantumab in Combination with Erlotinib in Patients with EGFR Wild-Type Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['Seribantumab', 'Erlotinib'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Trabectedin in combination with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin ( PLD ) has been fully available privately in the UK since 2009 for treating patients with ROC .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Trabectedin', 'doxorubicin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"More interestingly , lumefantrine tolerance is associated with an increase in chloroquine susceptibility , raising the possibility of re-introducing chloroquine .",[]
Estramustine has been shown to potentiate the antimicrotubule effects of vinblastine .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['Estramustine', 'vinblastine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Cohort 7 ( gemcitabine 600 mg/m/wk and carboplatin 2 AUC ) showed 4 dose limiting toxicities : 2 grade 3 esophagitis ; one grade 3 febrile neutropenia ; and one grade 4 neutropenia .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['gemcitabine', 'carboplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Treatment with IFN-α plus bevacizumab or standard targeted therapy ( sunitinib ) may lead to similar one-year overall mortality ( RR 0.37 , 95 % CI 0.13 to 1.08 ; 1 study ; 83 participants ; low-quality evidence ) and AEs of grade 3 or greater ( RR 1.18 , 95 % CI 0.85 to 1.62 ; 1 study ; 82 participants ; low-quality evidence ) .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['bevacizumab', 'IFN-α'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In vitro , ETV4 depletion inhibited cell survival but did not influence sensitivity to MEKi selumetinib or trametinib .",[]
Our study aimed to analyze the influence of sorafenib and sunitinib on the frequency of Treg in patients with metastatic RCC ( mRCC ) .,[]
Naloxone ( 5 x 10(-7 ) mol/kg iv ) and atropine ( 0.1 mg/kg iv ) induced isolated orad contractions .,[]
"FACT-P change from baseline over time was better for abiraterone than for enzalutamide in the ≥75-yr model ( p=0.003 ) , with no difference in the < 75-yr model ( p>0.9 ) .",[]
The possibility that verapamil might increase the sensibility of colorectal carcinomas to doxorubicin was studied in 24 patients without previous cytotoxic chemotherapy .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['verapamil', 'doxorubicin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Twenty-six patients presenting with advanced breast cancer with a taxane- and vinorelbine-free line of chemotherapy were included and treated with vinorelbine ( 20 mg/m2 on D1 , D15 ) , followed by paclitaxel ( 175 mg/m2 on D1 ) , every 3 weeks .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['vinorelbine', 'paclitaxel'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Although monotherapy with cytotoxic agents , including docetaxel and pemetrexed , is recommended for patients with previously treated advanced non-small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC ) , its outcomes are unsatisfactory .",[]
"Although congestive heart failure has been reported with the combination of a beta blocker and either verapamil or nifedipine , it has not previously been reported for combination therapy that includes diltiazem .",[]
"Relationships between heart rate , exercise tolerance and cardiac output in atrial fibrillation : the effects of treatment with digoxin , verapamil and diltiazem .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['digoxin', 'verapamil', 'diltiazem'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Oxaliplatin , which is effective for colorectal cancer ( CRC ) in combination with 5-fluorouracil ( 5-FU ) and leucovorin ( LV ) , is widely used for metastatic CRC .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Oxaliplatin', 'leucovorin', '5-fluorouracil'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The cytotoxicity of sequential combinations of a taxoid [ paclitaxel ( TAX ) or docetaxel ( TXT ) ] with a vinca alkaloid [ vinorelbine ( NVB ) ] was compared in differentiated and undifferentiated HT29-D4 cells .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['paclitaxel', 'vinorelbine'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [1, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Time to first deterioration was delayed with nivolumab + ipilimumab versus chemotherapy across LCSS and EQ-5D summary measures .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['nivolumab', 'ipilimumab'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"In the present study , we investigated the effect atorvastatin , celecoxib and tipifarnib in combination on proliferation and apoptosis in Panc-1 sphere-forming cells .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['atorvastatin', 'celecoxib', 'tipifarnib'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"As SD , donepezil , galantamine , rivastigmine , and memantine are now usable .",[]
Raloxifene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator which is structurally similar to tamoxifen .,[]
"Recipients received the dual endothelin-1 ( ET-1 ) receptor blocker , bosentan ( 100 mg/kg ) , the angiotensin-converting enzyme ( ACE ) inhibitor , ramipril ( 5 mg/kg ) , bosentan plus ramipril ( doses as just noted ) or vehicle .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['bosentan', 'ramipril'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"After surgery , she received a sequential chemotherapy , ie , intraabdominal injection of carboplatin ( CBDCA 300 mg/m2 ) and div administration of paclitaxel ( PTX 180 mg/m2 ) as a standard regimen for advanced ovarian cancer .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['carboplatin', 'paclitaxel'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
They are now sufficiently detailed to have been of use in the development of new drug compounds like ranolazine and ivabradine .,[]
"Based on clinical knowledge , we re-prioritized 30 potentially repurposable drugs against COVID-19 ( including pseudoephedrine , andrographolide , chloroquine , abacavir , and thalidomide ) .",[]
"To study the release of free endotoxin from Escherichia coli exposed to varying concentrations of the penicillin-binding protein ( PBP ) 3-specific beta-lactam antibiotic cefuroxime , the aminoglycoside tobramycin , and a combination of the two , and to test the relationship between bacterial killing rate and endotoxin release .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cefuroxime', 'tobramycin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"As CDK7 inhibitors are currently under clinical evaluation in patients , our data suggest the addition of the TKI ponatinib or lapatinib in CDK7 inhibitor clinical trials in patients .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['lapatinib', 'CDK7 inhibitor'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"An effective treatment for operable breast cancer , NCT with epirubicin plus paclitaxel results in significant downstaging or eliminating of primary tumors in breast cancer , thus expanding the indication of breast conservation therapy .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['epirubicin', 'paclitaxel'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Carboplatin and etoposide for recurrent malignant glioma following surgical and radiotherapy failure : A clinical study conducted at the Northern Israel Oncology Center .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['Carboplatin', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"ABC transporter inhibition plus dexamethasone enhances the efficacy of CED dasatinib , resulting in enhanced tumor cellular apoptosis and improved survival in H3.3K27 M mutant DIPG .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['dexamethasone', 'dasatinib'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Those who received prednisone alone could have mitoxantrone added after 6 weeks if there was no improvement in pain .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['prednisone', 'mitoxantrone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Results of a prospective phase 2 study combining imatinib mesylate and cytarabine for the treatment of Philadelphia-positive patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia in chronic phase .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['imatinib', 'cytarabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Patient-reported outcomes of patients with advanced biliary tract cancers receiving gemcitabine plus capecitabine : a multicenter , phase II trial of the Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['gemcitabine', 'capecitabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"as neoadjuvant chemotherapy , and two cycles of doxorubicin/cisplatin and ifosfamide , and two cycles of high-dose methotrexate ( 10 - 12 g/m(2 ) ) were given post-operatively .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['doxorubicin/cisplatin', 'ifosfamide', 'methotrexate'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Reported is a case of a 58-year-old female treated in the past with cytostatics and rituximab for follicular lymphoma , in whom HBV infection was detected during a follow-up of the contacts of her partner diagnosed with acute viral hepatitis B. At the beginning , the patient had a very high serum level of HBV DNA ( 4.3 × 108 IU/mL ) and therefore she was treated with combined antiviral therapy ( lamivudine and tenofovir ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['lamivudine', 'tenofovir'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Patients with wild-type KRAS exon 2 mCRC previously treated with fluorouracil- , oxaliplatin- and irinotecan-based chemotherapies were randomised ( 1:1 ) to either panitumumab plus irinotecan ( panitumumab arm ) or cetuximab plus irinotecan ( cetuximab arm ) .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['panitumumab', 'irinotecan'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [6, 7], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Epirubicin , oxaliplatin , and capecitabine with or without panitumumab for patients with previously untreated advanced oesophagogastric cancer ( REAL3 ):","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Epirubicin', 'oxaliplatin', 'capecitabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'NEG', 'spans': [0, 1, 2, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In 2005 , after a significant disease-free survival benefit was reported for letrozole as compared with tamoxifen , a protocol amendment facilitated the crossover to letrozole of patients who were still receiving tamoxifen alone ; Cox models and Kaplan-Meier estimates with inverse probability of censoring weighting ( IPCW ) are used to account for selective crossover to letrozole of patients ( n=619 ) in the tamoxifen arm .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['letrozole', 'tamoxifen'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
CEA response is associated with tumor response and survival in patients with KRAS exon 2 wild-type and extended RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer receiving first-line FOLFIRI plus cetuximab or bevacizumab ( FIRE-3 trial ) .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['FOLFIRI', 'cetuximab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The Tamoxifen Exemestane Adjuvant Multinational ( TEAM ) phase 3 trial was conducted in hospitals in nine countries .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['Tamoxifen', 'Exemestane'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Patients used 2.16 ( range 0.0 - 6.3 ) formoterol and 2.34 ( range 0.1 - 7.5 ) terbutaline relief inhalations x day(-1 ) .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['formoterol', 'terbutaline'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Preoperative chemotherapy with FLOT ( 5-FU , leucovorin , oxaliplatin and docetaxel ) without radiation therapy is the standard treatment in the West .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['5-FU', 'leucovorin', 'oxaliplatin', 'docetaxel'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"The third-generation aromatase inhibitors ( AIs ) , including anastrozole , exemestane and letrozole , have demonstrated improved efficacy versus tamoxifen for the adjuvant endocrine treatment of postmenopausal patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer .",[]
Digoxin sensitizes gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer cells to gemcitabine via inhibiting Nrf2 signaling pathway .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Digoxin', 'gemcitabine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Tumor suppression was further enhanced when rapamycin was combined with 5-fluorouracil and/or oxaliplatin .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['rapamycin', '5-fluorouracil', 'oxaliplatin'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"These structural motifs represent typical azoles , such as econazole , fluconazole , and metyrapone .",[]
"The present systematic review and network meta-analysis was performed to conduct indirect comparisons on efficacy and safety profile among ICIs , including atezolizumab , durvalumab , pembrolizumab , and nivolumab as first-line treatment in patients with ES-SCLC .",[]
Metformin inhibits obesity but has no effect in reducing myocardial hypertrophy caused by Rosiglitazone .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['Metformin', 'Rosiglitazone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The primary endpoint of this study was to determine the maximal tolerated dose of the combination of dose-escalating curcumin and standard dose of docetaxel chemotherapy in advanced and metastatic breast cancer patients .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['curcumin', 'docetaxel'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
The subjects were then randomly assigned to treatment with either propranolol or metoprolol and repeated the exercise protocol after 1 week of treatment .,[]
This case highlights the potential efficacy of combining nivolumab and regorafenib in the treatment of SBAs .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['nivolumab', 'regorafenib'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Of the substances tested for inhibition of 11beta-HSD-I and -II , chenodeoxycholic acid was the only one that selectively inhibited 11beta-HSD-I ( IC(50 ) for reduction : 2.8x10(-6)mol/l , IC(50 ) for oxidation : 4.4x10(-6)mol/l ) , whereas ketoconazole preferentially inhibited oxidation and reduction reactions catalyzed by 11beta-HSD-II .",[]
"Anti-tumor effects of etoposide ( VP-16 ) , vincristine and mitomycin C were evaluated with four human neuroblastoma xenograft , according to Battelle Columbus Laboratories protocol .",[]
"Biliary bile acids were mainly amidates of cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid , with the former predominating .",[]
Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma-like drug eruption in an HIV-positive patient taking vancomycin and rifampin .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['vancomycin', 'rifampin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Our findings suggest that roflumilast reduces exacerbations and hospital admissions in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic bronchitis who are at risk of frequent and severe exacerbations despite inhaled corticosteroid and longacting β2 agonist therapy , even in combination with tiotropium .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['roflumilast', 'tiotropium'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"This academic , matched-cohort study , compared 2-year outcomes of 11 consecutive IMN patients who received second-line rituximab therapy for NS persisting or relapsing after previous treatment with steroids alone or combined with alkylating agents , cyclosporine , or immunoglobulin G , with those of 11 age- ( ± 5 years ) , gender- and proteinuria- ( ± 1 g/24h ) matched reference patients given first-line rituximab therapy .",[]
"Induction chemotherapy with cisplatin , doxorubicin , and cyclophosphamide ( CAP ) in a combined modality approach for locally advanced and inflammatory breast cancer .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cisplatin', 'doxorubicin', 'cyclophosphamide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Methotrexate was efficient in one patient , hydroxychloroquine showed benefit in only 1 out of 3 patients .",[]
Our results show high rates of DR-TB in Nigerian HIV-infected individuals ( 7.0 % for rifampin [ RIF ] and 9.3 % for RIF or isoniazid [ INH ] ) .,[]
"Sorafenib is an orally active multikinase inhibitor , and bortezomib is a proteasome inhibitor that affects multiple signaling pathways .",[]
Hypertensive rats in separate groups were treated with either candesartan ( 1 mg/kg body weight ) alone or a combination of candesartan ( 1 mg/kg body weight ) and rofecoxib ( 10 mg/kg body weight ) orally and daily for 6 weeks .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['candesartan', 'rofecoxib'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The highest weight gain in the cyclophosphamide , methotrexate and fluorouracil group was 2·9 kg ( 5 % ) vs. 0·9 kg ( 1 % ) in the anthracycline-based group .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['cyclophosphamide', 'methotrexate', 'fluorouracil'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Treatment of relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma with everolimus ( RAD001 ) and alemtuzumab : a Phase I/II study .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['everolimus', 'alemtuzumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Since primary amines similar to that of lisinopril readily form Schiff bases with acetaldehyde , these data suggest that both captopril and lisinopril may act to detoxify the acetaldehyde effect upon plasma , albeit by different mechanisms .",[]
"Capecitabine and oxaliplatin have been shown to be as effective as fluorouracil and cisplatin , respectively .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Capecitabine', 'oxaliplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [2, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"To compare cardiopulmonary and sedative effects following administration of dexmedetomidine alone or with butorphanol , methadone , morphine or tramadol in healthy sheep .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['dexmedetomidine', 'methadone'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [0, 1], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [0, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"We found that melatonin in combination with all-trans retinoic acid and somatostatin potentiated the effects of melatonin alone on MCF-7 cell viability and growth inhibition ; this phenomenon was associated with altered conductance through Ca²⁺ and voltage-activated K⁺ ( BK ) channels , and with substantial impairments of Notch-1 and epidermal growth factor (EGF)-mediated signaling .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['melatonin', 'all-trans retinoic acid', 'somatostatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
It was concluded that cytosine arabinoside in combination with vincristine and prednisone is an effective but toxic antileukemic regimen which did not produce a major improvement in remission duration .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['cytosine arabinoside', 'vincristine', 'prednisone'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Patients were categorized into 10 groups according to the index OAC ( warfarin , rivaroxaban , dabigatran , apixaban , and edoxaban ) and whether or not they received PPI co-therapy , and were followed up for incidence of major GIB .",[]
"Celecoxib induced a synergistic or an additive cytotoxic effect in combination with doxorubicin , etoposide , irinotecan or vincristine in vitro .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Celecoxib', 'doxorubicin'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 3], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"In vivo , midostaurin alone powerfully prolonged the survival of mice bearing the resistant BL cells compared to rituximab alone treatments .",[]
"Treatment of GIST882-R with imatinib in combination with gefitinib , an EGFR inhibitor , partially prevented cell growth , implying that EGFR may be involved in acquisition of secondary imatinib resistance in GIST .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['imatinib', 'gefitinib'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"This is the first paper suggesting the possibility of combination treatment of tamoxifen with risperidone in breast cancer patients , providing a conceivable resolution of tamoxifen-induced side effects without interfering the efficacy of tamoxifen against breast cancer .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['tamoxifen', 'risperidone'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Amoxicillin , erythromycin , and levofloxacin at supra-MIC concentrations were very active against planktonic cells of 3 selected strains but lower on biofilm-associated organisms in 2 strains and null against the third .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Amoxicillin', 'erythromycin', 'levofloxacin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"A double-blind , parallel , placebo-controlled study was performed to assess the efficacy of a combination drug product containing the antihistamine , triprolidine , and the sympathomimetic , pseudoephedrine , in the treatment of allergic rhinitis .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['triprolidine', 'pseudoephedrine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"After surgery , 1,384 patients were randomly assigned to receive epirubicin plus cyclophosphamide ( EC ; 90 and 600 mg/m(2 ) , respectively , × four cycles ) , followed by docetaxel ( 100 mg/m(2 ) × four cycles ; EC-T ) or epirubicin plus docetaxel ( ET ; 90 and 75 mg/m(2 ) , respectively , × four cycles ) , followed by capecitabine ( 1,250 mg/m(2 ) twice a day on days 1 to 14 , × four cycles ; ET-X ) ; all regimens were given every 3 weeks .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['epirubicin', 'cyclophosphamide', 'docetaxel'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'NEG', 'spans': [3, 4, 5], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
This prospective study recruited 152 patients with locally advanced breast cancer who underwent four-cycle weekly paclitaxel plus carboplatin without trastuzumab .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['paclitaxel', 'carboplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"High response rate and acceptable toxicity of a combination of rituximab , vinorelbine , ifosfamide , mitoxantrone and prednisone for the treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in first relapse : results of the R-NIMP GOELAMS study .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['rituximab', 'vinorelbine', 'ifosfamide', 'mitoxantrone', 'prednisone'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"A second complete remission was obtained with RFC chemotherapy regimen ( rituximab , fludarabine , and cyclophosphamide ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['rituximab', 'fludarabine', 'cyclophosphamide'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"At a median duration of follow-up of 18.2 months , anastrozole was at least equivalent to tamoxifen in terms of median TTP ( 8.5 and 7.0 months , respectively ; estimated hazard ratio [ tamoxifen relative to anastrozole ] , 1.13 [ lower 95 % confidence level , 1.00 ] ) .",[]
"A favourable response to chemotherapy can be expected in up to 60 % of patients receiving a combination of streptozocin plus doxorubicin , and in up to 40 % of patients receiving dacarbazine .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['streptozocin', 'doxorubicin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
A substantial literature now strongly supports the specific involvement of serotonin 5-HT(1B ) and 5-HT(2C ) receptor subtypes in satiety and in the anorectic effect of agents such as fenfluramine and fluoxetine .,[]
"Pilocarpine also induced secretion at a concentration as low as 1 μM and was the most powerful secretagogue at 10 μM. Secretion was induced by carbachol at 0.1 μM , with maximum secretion at 1.0 μM.",[]
This phase II study was conducted to establish whether induction chemotherapy with carboplatin ( CBDCA ) and paclitaxel ( PTX ) plus bevacizumab prior to surgery reduces the risk of progression .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['carboplatin', 'paclitaxel', 'bevacizumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In women of childbearing potential , valproate should be considered if levetiracetam and lamotrigine have failed to control seizures at this stage .",[]
"Patients with clinically localized , intermediate- or high-grade non-Hodgkin 's lymphoma usually receive initial treatment with a doxorubicin-containing regimen such as cyclophosphamide , doxorubicin , vincristine , and prednisone ( CHOP ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cyclophosphamide', 'doxorubicin', 'vincristine', 'prednisone'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"To evaluate the effects of a fixed combination of olmesartan/amlodipine compared with olmesartan or amlodipine alone on some parameters of endothelial damage in diabetic , hypertensive patients .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['olmesartan', 'amlodipine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Numerous phase II and III clinical trials have demonstrated a higher activity of combined gemcitabine plus docetaxel schedules against non-small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC ) than that of both agents in monotherapy .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['gemcitabine', 'docetaxel'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"The use of HDCT-SCT in CNS metastases needs to be carefully considered , possibly by adding thiotepa or topotecan to improve tumor control .",[]
"Targeted agents for HNSCC expected to improve the effectiveness of current therapy include EGFR inhibitors ( Cetuximab , Panitumumab , Zalutumumab ) , EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors ( Gefitinib , Erloitinib ) , VEGFR inhibitors ( Bevacizumab , Vandetanib ) , and various inhibitors of , e.g. , Src-family kinase , PARP , proteasome , mTOR , COX , and heat shock protein .",[]
"We performed a retrospective analysis of 114 severely head injured patients who were admitted to the neurocritical care unit of Level 1 trauma center and who received vasopressors ( phenylephrine , norepinephrine , dopamine , vasopressin or epinephrine ) to increase blood pressure",[]
"While 5-fluorouracil used as single agent in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer has an objective response rate around 20 % , the administration of combinations of irinotecan with 5-fluorouracil/folinic acid or oxaliplatin with 5-fluorouracil/folinic acid results in significantly increased response rates and improved survival .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['irinotecan', '5-fluorouracil/folinic'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [1, 3], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Chemotherapy was given in 405 of 410 treatment periods with dacarbazine , fotemustine , vindesine , carboplatin and temozolomide in different schedules .",[]
"[ Effect of nedaplatin , 5-FU , and leucovorin combined with radiation therapy in unresectable esophageal carcinoma ] .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['nedaplatin', 'leucovorin', '5-FU'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"After 5 years , approximately 30.8 % of etanercept patients and 68.8 % of monoclonal antibody patients ( adalimumab 71.2 % ; infliximab 67.2 % ) were still being treated .",[]
"( 4 mg/day ) ; in group 3 , 69 patients administered metformin ( 1,000 mg/day ) and rosiglitazone ( 4 mg/day ) for 6 months ,","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['metformin', 'rosiglitazone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In the intention-to-treat analysis , 57 % of patients that received tenecteplase and 53 % of patients that received alteplase reached good functional outcome ( modified Rankin Scale score of 0 - 1 ) at 3 months ( odds ratio , 1.19 ; 95 % CI , 0.68 - 2.10 ) .",[]
The patient was treated with dexamethasone and ethinyl estradiol with cessation of anti-hypertensive therapy .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['dexamethasone', 'ethinyl'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Exposure of bss1 to clinically-used antiepileptic drugs ( phenytoin or gabapentin ) significantly reduces synchrony .,[]
"When compared with the combination of amphotericin B plus flucytosine , fluconazole was similarly effective in early treatment of acute and subacute disseminated candidiasis .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['amphotericin', 'flucytosine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Treatment of patients over 50 years of age with acute myelogenous leukemia with a combination of rubidazone and cytosine arabinoside , vincristine , and prednisone ( ROAP ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['rubidazone', 'cytosine arabinoside', 'vincristine', 'prednisone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Patients progressing after first-line chemotherapy are treated with docetaxel , pemetrexed or erlotinib .",[]
"To compare the therapeutic effect of α(2 ) and α(4 ) integrin-blocking antibodies to conventional inflammatory bowel disease drugs methotrexate , 5-aminosalicylic acid and azathioprine in the dextran sulphate sodium mouse colitis model .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['methotrexate', '5-aminosalicylic acid', 'azathioprine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Further analyses demonstrated that gemcitabine could significantly interfere with the cytotoxic effects of paclitaxel on both mitotic arrest and apoptotic cell death unless paclitaxel is administered before gemcitabine .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['paclitaxel', 'gemcitabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Standard anticonvulsants such as phenytoin , the barbiturates , carbamazepine , and the succinimides have been ineffective .",[]
Molecular targeting of Aurora A by curcumin restores chemosensitivity by increasing the efficacy of doxorubicin in breast cancer.,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['curcumin', 'doxorubicin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Daratumumab plus Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone for Untreated Myeloma .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Daratumumab', 'Lenalidomide', 'Dexamethasone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Noninferiority was concluded if the lower limit of the 2-sided 95 % CI for the difference ( doripenem minus meropenem ) in the proportion of patients classified as clinical cures was > or=-15 % .,[]
We further illustrate the practical considerations of managing irAEs by presenting three cases of immune-related toxicity in melanoma patients treated with nivolumab or pembrolizumab .,[]
Randomized phase II trial of carboplatin and paclitaxel with or without lonafarnib in first-line treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer stage IIB-IV .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['carboplatin', 'paclitaxel', 'lonafarnib'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 1], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"One subject who received oxaprozin for 12 days and , in addition , aspirin for the last five days developed a rash that subsided after both drugs were discontinued ; one subject treated with aspirin experienced tinnitus .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['oxaprozin', 'aspirin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
To determine the long-term tolerability of prophylactic administration of pyrazinamide and levofloxacin in patients possibly exposed to multidrug-resistant tuberculosis ( MDRTB ) after undergoing solid organ transplantation .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['pyrazinamide', 'levofloxacin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Additive effect of the combination of griseofulvin and ketoconazole against Microsporum canis in vitro .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['griseofulvin', 'ketoconazole'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Aprepitant plus ondansetron may increase acute-CR , may have benefit regarding CINV 's effect on QoL , and is safe for 5-day temozolomide compared to ondansetron .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Aprepitant', 'ondansetron'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Finally , a further synergistically improved myeloma cell lysis with the daratumumab-IPH2102 combination was observed by adding lenalidomide , which suggests that more effective treatment strategies can be designed for multiple myeloma by combining daratumumab with agents that independently modulate natural killer cell function .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['lenalidomide', 'daratumumab'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Both liposomal doxorubicin ( LD ) and docetaxel ( D ) have a broad range of activity against solid tumors , including advanced pancreatic cancer ( APC ) , as single agents , while their combination has produced encouraging response rates in the treatment of several malignancies .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['doxorubicin', 'docetaxel'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Triple therapy with ranitidine or lansoprazole in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori-associated duodenal ulcer .,[]
A study on the effect of cimetidine and L-carnitine on myoglobinuric acute kidney injury in male rats .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cimetidine', 'L-carnitine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Importantly , MAPK and/or MTOR complex1 ( MTORC1 ) activity were upregulated in AML cells made resistant to several FLT3 inhibitors , including crenolanib , quizartinib , or sorafenib .",[]
"We tested whether varenicline , a partial nicotine agonist , would also increase future quit attempts .",[]
"However , combination of pioglitazone and sulfasalazine has shown greater efficacy .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['pioglitazone', 'sulfasalazine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"At time 2 , genotypic resistance to zidovudine was found in 11 out of 12 cases ( 41L : two cases ; 41L , 215Y : six cases ; 41L , 210W , 215Y : two cases ; M41L , D67N , L210W , T215Y : one case ) with a mean 18.9 + /- 8.8-fold increase in the IC50 to zidovudine and 1.4 + /- 0.4-fold to stavudine",[]
"Phase II Study of Sorafenib Combined with Concurrent Hepatic Arterial Infusion of Oxaliplatin , 5-Fluorouracil and Leucovorin for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Major Portal Vein Thrombosis .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Sorafenib', 'Oxaliplatin', '5-Fluorouracil', 'Leucovorin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Sprague-Dawley male rats were treated with levodopa ( LD ) , betaine ( Bet ) , levodopa plus betaine ( LD/Bet ) , levodopa plus benserazide ( LD/Ben ) , levodopa plus betaine-benserazide ( LD/Bet-Ben ) , and the controls with vehicle for 10 consecutive days , orally .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['levodopa', 'benserazide'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [2, 3, 6, 7], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
We designed a phase I trial to determine the maximum-tolerated dose ( MTD ) and pharmacodynamic effects of the IGF-1R antibody Cixutumumab in combination with temsirolimus in patients with metastatic breast cancer refractory to standard therapies .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Cixutumumab', 'temsirolimus'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Forty-seven percent of patients were sequentially treated with an amphotericin B-containing product followed by itraconazole , 31 % received itraconazole alone , and 7 % received an amphotericin B-containing product only .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['amphotericin', 'itraconazole'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"From August 2008 to May 2011 , consecutive chemo-naïve patients with stage IV non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC ) received pemetrexed 500mg/m(2 ) , oxaliplatin 100mg/m(2 ) and bevacizumab 7.5mg/kg every 3 weeks for 6 cycles , in the outpatient setting .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['pemetrexed', 'oxaliplatin', 'bevacizumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
To determine if antiseptic central venous catheters impregnated with silver sulfadiazine and chlorhexidine ( antiseptic ) reduce bacterial adherence and biofilm formation without producing local or systemic toxicity .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['sulfadiazine', 'chlorhexidine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In multivariate analysis , LDP and LAP were significantly associated with stavudine ( d4 T ) use , while LAP was also associated with zidovudine ( ZDV ) treatment .",[]
"KARs , new semisynthetic antitumor bis-indole derivatives , were found to be inhibitors of tubulin polymerization with lower toxicity than vinblastine or vincristine , used in chemotherapy .",[]
"More than one-third ( 36 % ) of AA patients in our study received Danazol as monotherapy , whereas less than a third ( 32 % ) each received standard doses of IST with equine Anti Thymocyte Globulin ( ATG ) and Cyclosporine combination , or Cyclosporine and Danazol combination , respectively .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['Cyclosporine', 'Danazol'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'NEG', 'spans': [1, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Similarly , antibodies raised against CYP3A4 almost completely abolished colchicine demethylation and nifedipine oxidase activity , but preimmune IgG had no effect .",[]
"Furthermore , our group has shown that the combination of paclitaxel and carboplatin is effective in anthracycline-resistant ABC .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['paclitaxel', 'carboplatin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Cyclosporine ( 25 mg/kg per day , s.c . ) was given for 7 days to rats either alone or in combination with resveratrol ( 10 mg/kg per day , i.p . ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Cyclosporine', 'resveratrol'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The diagnosis was confirmed by comparative double diagnostic block of the medial branch with bupivacaine and lidocaine .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['bupivacaine', 'lidocaine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Pemetrexed with bortezomib is feasible and tolerable at recommended single-agent doses .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Pemetrexed', 'bortezomib'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Bevacizumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone as second-line treatment for patients with HER2-negative locally recurrent or metastatic breast cancer after first-line treatment with bevacizumab plus chemotherapy ( TANIA ): an open-label , randomised phase 3 trial .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['bevacizumab', 'TANIA'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Goserelin plus tamoxifen after cyclophosphamide , doxorubicin and 5-fluorouracil ( CAF ) chemotherapy resulted in improved disease-free survival compared with CAF alone .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Goserelin', 'tamoxifen', 'cyclophosphamide', 'doxorubicin', '5-fluorouracil'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
An 82-year-old white female developed a 36-hour episode of unresponsiveness/drowsiness after a single dose of triazolam 0.5 mg in combination with cimetidine .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['triazolam', 'cimetidine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"The combination of melatonin at concentrations of 50 μM with increasing doses of irinotecan ( 7.5 , 15 , 30 , and 60 μM ) resulted in an increase in the amount of DNA damage in A549 and HT29 cancer cells , but was not effective in inducing DNA damage in healthy human lymphocytes .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['melatonin', 'irinotecan'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Peripheral blood progenitor cells were harvested by leukapheresis after treatment with cyclophosphamide and filgrastim and then re-infused after the high-dose cycle .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['cyclophosphamide', 'filgrastim'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Although cisplatin is generally the favoured platinum agent , gemcitabine partnered with carboplatin is convenient to administer and has a favourable toxicity profile .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['gemcitabine', 'carboplatin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"In group B , epirubicin 90 mg/m2 was combined with paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 , given in the same manner as in group A.","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['epirubicin', 'paclitaxel'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
We assessed the safety and activity of ceritinib plus nivolumab in these patients .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['ceritinib', 'nivolumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Incubation with somatostatin , 5-aza decitabine and trichostatin up-regulates somatostatin receptor expression in prostate cancer cells .",[]
"This study was conducted to determine whether famotidine , a H2 antagonist , is effective in the treatment of acute urticaria and compare its effect with that of the H1 antagonist diphenhydramine .",[]
"On the other hand , a diphenylhydantoin-induced increase in the total number of specific benzodiazepine binding sites seems of minor importance since clonazepam ( with a high affinity for these sites ) and chlordiazepoxide ( with a low affinity ) were equipotent in the enhancement of the combined treatment efficacy .",[]
"A Phase II Randomized Study of Neoadjuvant Letrozole Plus Alpelisib for Hormone Receptor-Positive , Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Negative Breast Cancer ( NEO-ORB ) .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['Letrozole', 'Alpelisib'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Treatment with bromocriptine and pyridoxine showed no improvement .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['bromocriptine', 'pyridoxine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Bactericidal activity of trimethoprim alone and in combination with sulfamethoxazole on susceptible and resistant Escherichia coli K-12 .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['trimethoprim', 'sulfamethoxazole'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"New effective and well tolerated agents are urgently needed because of increasing resistance to antimalarials such as chloroquine and proguanil , and real and perceived intolerance to standard drugs such as mefloquine .",[]
"They were subsequently exposed to graded doses of cisplatin ( CP ) , etoposide ( VP-16 ) , Adriamycin ( ADR ) , cytarabine ( ara-C ) , cyclophosphamide ( CY ) , or camptothecin ( CAM ) .",[]
"In a phase II trial , patients with primary gastric cancer and clinical involvement of para-aortic nodes ( PAN ) were treated by neo-adjuvant chemotherapy with capecitabine and oxaliplatin combination , and responders were then submitted to gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['capecitabine', 'oxaliplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"More myelotoxicity is observed with palbociclib and ribociclib , but more gastrointestinal toxicity is observed with abemaciclib .",[]
"Intraoperative epidural bupivacaine , intraoperative intravenous fentanyl use , time to first analgesia request , postoperative visual analogue scale pain scores , tramadol requirements and side-effects were recorded for 72 hours .",[]
Three eyes had both bevacizumab and ranibizumab ( 1.58 % ) .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['bevacizumab', 'ranibizumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Newer treatment regimens , including etoposide , prednisone , vincristine , cyclophosphamide , doxorubicin , rituximab ( EPOCH-R ) , show promise for these patients .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['etoposide', 'prednisone', 'vincristine', 'cyclophosphamide', 'doxorubicin', 'rituximab'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"In two groups of rats , propranolol or atropine were given before the venom administration .",[]
Doxycycline and azithromycin were highly effective in restoring fertility .,[]
"The pupillary dilation caused by amantadine is not abolished by pretreatment with reserpine , or by combined pretreatment with reserpine and alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine , although the mydriasis is reduced by approximately 25 % .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['amantadine', 'reserpine'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'NEG', 'spans': [0, 2, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Rats were treated with curcumin for 23 days and etoposide was administered for the final 3 days of the experiment .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['curcumin', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Combination Chemotherapy with Mitomycin C , Vinorelbine , and Cisplatin ( MVrP ) in Patients with Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Mitomycin', 'Vinorelbine', 'Cisplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Bitches were also treated with amoxicillin ( 15 mg/kg body wt/48 h ) and/or gentamicin ( 4 mg/kg body wt/day ) administered as intramuscular ( i.m . ) injections .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['amoxicillin', 'gentamicin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"So far , chloroquine , lopinavir , hydroxychloroquine , azithromycin , favipiravir , ribavirin , darunavir , remdesivir , and umifenovir have been tested in COVID-19 clinical trials .",[]
"Of the currently known pure antiandrogens , bicalutamide offers some advantages over flutamide as it possesses a much longer half-life , allowing a once daily regimen , and has advantages over nilutamide in terms of fewer adverse effects .",[]
"Fifty-seven patients with advanced measurable urothelial tract cancer , 52 of whom had an adequate trial , were treated weekly with 3 to 4 mg . per m.2 vinblastine and 30 to 40 mg . per m.2 methotrexate .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['vinblastine', 'methotrexate'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The results indicate that bombesin and acetylcholine are the main intramural neural regulators of gastrin and somatostatin secretion .,[]
Synergistic effects were seen between zeaxanthin and resveratrol or meclofenamic acid .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['resveratrol', 'zeaxanthin'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [1, 2], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Among the non-faecalis organisms , penicillin resistance was significantly more frequent among isolates from patients given penicillin than from patients not given this antibiotic , and clindamycin resistance was significantly more frequent among isolates from patients given lincomycin and clindamycin than from patients not given these antibiotics .",[]
Fifthteen patients were included : 12 underwent erlotinib treatment and 3 a crizotinib treatment .,[]
The combination of trastuzumab with paclitaxel ( Taxol ) is well approved .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['trastuzumab', 'paclitaxel'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Intensive regimen of combined immunosuppressive therapy ( high-dose corticosteroids , oral cyclosporin and intravenous cyclophosphamide ( IVCY , 900 - 1000 mg/m(2 ) in every other week ) ) improved the survival rate of anti-MDA5-positive patients .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cyclosporin', 'cyclophosphamide', 'corticosteroids'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Drug sensitivity was associated with hsa-let-7a-5p for Bortezomib , hsa-miR-135a-3p for JNJ-707 and hsa-miR-185 - 3p for Panobinostat .",[]
No previous case of pulmonary interstitial changes that appeared in association with regorafenib administration for HCC and that were exacerbated by subsequent treatment with lenvatinib has been reported .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['regorafenib', 'lenvatinib'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Treatment of articular manifestations of Lyme borreliosis is based on doxycycline , ceftriaxone , or amoxicillin for 28 days .",[]
Serious adverse events were reported by 24 ( 34 % ) of 71 patients receiving olaparib and abiraterone ( seven of which were related to treatment ) and 13 ( 18 % ) of 71 patients receiving placebo and abiraterone ( one of which was related to treatment ) .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['olaparib', 'abiraterone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In autoperfused hindquarters , the pressor-response curve to noradrenaline was dose-dependently shifted to the left by propranolol and to the right by labetalol or prazosin .",[]
"Expert opinion : Rivastigmine , a drug that increases cholinergic tone by inhibiting the enzyme cholinesterase , is effective for dementia , whereas the use of Donepezil is still in the realm of investigation .",[]
"Chemotherapy with methotrexate , cyclophosphamide , vincristine , doxorubicin , etoposide , and dexamethasone was effective , and the patient has been free from the disease for 1 year since completion of consolidation treatment with autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['methotrexate', 'cyclophosphamide', 'vincristine', 'doxorubicin', 'etoposide', 'dexamethasone'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"We have examined whether the DNA-damaging agents etoposide ( VP-16 ) and doxorubicin can affect IL-8 , VEGF , and HIF-1 expressions in human melanoma cancer cells .",[]
The effect of combined therapy with tamsulosin hydrochloride and meloxicam in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia symptoms and impact on nocturia and sleep quality .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['tamsulosin', 'meloxicam'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"We investigated two human ( RD2 and TE 671 ) cell lines by cultivating them with doxorubicin , cisplatinum , and etoposide .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['doxorubicin', 'etoposide', 'cisplatinum'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Retrospective study on antihyperlipidemic efficacy and safety of simvastatin , ezetimibe and their combination in Korean adults .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['simvastatin', 'ezetimibe'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The primary melanoma was surgically resected , and combination hepatic arterial infusion ( HAI ) therapy using dacarbazine , nimustine , vincristine ( DAV ) , and cisplatin was applied to the metastatic focus .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['dacarbazine', 'nimustine', 'vincristine', 'cisplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"These results were similar to those of previously reported salvage therapies for relapsed AML including intensive chemotherapy consisting of intermediate-dose Ara-C and sequential mitoxantrone with or without etoposide ( MC/MEC ) , which we previously adopted .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['Ara-C', 'mitoxantrone'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [0, 1, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Sensitivity of the test samples to the anti-cancer drugs cisplatin ( CDDP ) , doxorubicin ( DXR ) and etoposide ( VP-16 ) was examined using the MTT¿3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl [2H]-tetrazolium bromide ¿ assay .",[]
"In this phase I study , we combined cyclophosphamide , alvocidib and rituximab ( CAR ) in a schema designed to mitigate tumor lysis syndrome ( TLS ) seen previously with alvocidib .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cyclophosphamide', 'alvocidib', 'rituximab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Newer-generation recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activators , such as desmoteplase and tenecteplase , will also help extend the time window .",[]
"Sixty-two analyzable patients with predominantly intermediate-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma received cyclophosphamide ( 200 mg/m(2 ) per day ) , doxorubicin ( 12.5 mg/m(2 ) per day ) , and etoposide ( 60 mg/m(2 ) per day ) ( CDE ) by continuous intravenous infusion for 4 days ( 96 hours ) every 3 weeks for a maximum of 8 cycles .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['cyclophosphamide', 'doxorubicin', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Preinjection of blocking doses of unlabeled epibatidine , (-)-nicotine , lobeline and cytisine significantly inhibited [18F]FPH binding in thalamus and superior colliculus , but not in cerebellum , whereas drugs that interact with binding sites other than acetylcholine recognition sites of nAChR ( e.g. , mecamylamine , scopolamine , N-methylspiperone and ketanserin ) had no effect on [18F]FPH accumulation in any of the brain regions examined .",[]
"The combination carboplatin 35 mg/m2 , etoposide 50 mg/m2 , and ifosfamide 1,200 mg/m2 was administered intravenously daily for 3 consecutive days .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['carboplatin', 'etoposide', 'ifosfamide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Aspirin regulation of c-myc and cyclinD1 proteins to overcome tamoxifen resistance in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells .,[]
Eighty-three patients were in the control group who have performed a surgical intervention with pre-operative 120-hour antibiotic prophylaxis by Claforan ( cefotaxime ) combining with Metrogel ( metronidazole ) .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cefotaxime', 'metronidazole'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The regimen was CD DP 40 mg/m2 day 1 and 6 , 5-FU 600 mg/m2 day 2 and 4 , leucovorin 20 mg/m2 day 2 and 4 , etoposide 60 mg/m2 day 3 and 5 , and doxorubicin 20 mg/m2 day 7 , with repetition every 28 days .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['CD DP', 'leucovorin', 'etoposide', 'doxorubicin', '5-FU'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"A German Hodgkin 's lymphoma ( HL ) study group designed the BEACOPP ( bleomycin , etoposide , doxorubicin , cyclophosphamide , vincristine , procarbazine , prednisolone ) regimen .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['bleomycin', 'etoposide', 'doxorubicin', 'cyclophosphamide', 'vincristine', 'procarbazine', 'prednisolone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
High-risk node-negative or low-risk node-positive breast cancer patients received AC given : ( arm I ) concurrently ( AC ) doxorubicin 54 mg/m2 and cyclophosphamide 1.2 g/m2 intravenously ( IV ) every 3 weeks for six cycles ; or ( arm II ) in sequence ( A C ) doxorubicin 40.5 mg/m2 IV days 1 and 2 every 3 weeks for four cycles followed by cyclophosphamide 2.4 gm/m2 IV every 2 weeks for three cycles .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['doxorubicin', 'cyclophosphamide'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [2, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The CAV/PE-W consisted of 4 alternating cycles of cyclophosphamide : 500 mg/m2 , doxorubicin : 30 mg/m2 , and vincristine : 1 mg/m2 ( day 1 ) and cisplatin : 50 mg/m2 ( day 8) and etoposide : 75 mg/m2 ( days 8 and 9 ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cyclophosphamide', 'doxorubicin', 'vincristine', 'cisplatin', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Cyclophosphamide , methotrexate , 5-fluorouracil , and folinic acid ( CMFF ) as first line chemotherapy for treatment of advanced breast cancer .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['Cyclophosphamide', 'methotrexate', '5-fluorouracil', 'folinic acid'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
High doses of rosuvastatin are superior to low doses of rosuvastatin plus fenofibrate or n-3 fatty acids in mixed dyslipidemia .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['rosuvastatin', 'fenofibrate'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Patients were divided randomly into 3 groups ( Group A : 0.5 % bupivacaine 5 mL , n = 12 ; Group B : 0.5 % bupivacaine 4.5 mL + 20 mg of triamcinolone 0.5 mL , n = 10 ; and Group C : 0.5 % bupivacaine 4 mL + 40 mg of triamcinolone 1 mL , n = 10 ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['bupivacaine', 'triamcinolone'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [3, 4], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Irinotecan and etoposide were combined using the ( d x 5)2 i.v . schedule for both drugs , in which irinotecan was given 2 h before or 2 h after the administration of etoposide .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['Irinotecan', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'NEG', 'spans': [2, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Combination of sofosbuvir , pegylated-interferon and ribavirin for treatment of hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection : a systematic review and meta-analysis .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['sofosbuvir', 'pegylated-interferon', 'ribavirin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Immunosuppressive protocol : preoperative : Cyclosporin + Azathioprine .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['Cyclosporin', 'Azathioprine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Overall survival and updated results for sunitinib compared with interferon alfa in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma .,[]
"All patients received chemotherapy regimens that included doxorubicin ( 6 ) or etoposide ( 1 ) , and six were treated with infradiaphragmatic irradiation .",[]
"Of 1490 articles identified , we included 3 papers and 1 abstract with patients on aspirin and/or NSAIDs , 1 paper on warfarin , 2 abstracts on clopidogrel , and 2 papers on clopidogrel plus aspirin and/or NSAIDs .",[]
Topoisomerase IIalpha mRNA expression levels did not reflect sensitivity to doxorubicin or etoposide .,[]
We observed that efavirenz and etravirine induce metabolism of co-administered drugs by binding to a unique position in the active site of CYP3A4 .,[]
"First , we searched for the most synergistic combination of KPT-8602 with dexamethasone , vincristine , or doxorubicin","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['KPT-8602', 'dexamethasone'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [0, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In Thailand , artesunate and artemether are the mainly used antimalarials for treatment of severe or multidrug resistant falciparum malaria .",[]
Epidural analgesia during labor--0.5 % lidocaine with fentanyl vs. 0.08 % ropivacaine with fentanyl .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['lidocaine', 'fentanyl'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [2, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Inhibition of Boyden Chamber migration of MNL 's in a MNL-lymphocyte mixture was achieved after 1/2 hr incubation by 10(-3 ) and 10(-4 ) mol/L. concentrations of chloroquine ( maximum inhibition 63 % + /- 2.8 ) , dexamethasone ( 58 % + /- 8.6 ) , 6-mercaptopurine ( 62 % + /- 4.2 ) , methotrexate ( 66 % + /- 6.4 ) , and vinblastine ( 100 % ) .",[]
"The proactive intense care strategy was applied , which includes : ( i ) an education and training course on the topic of SLE-PAH for ED physicians ; ( ii ) a SLE-PAH patient triage protocol with prompt specialist consultation and admission ; and ( iii ) intensive care with prompt initiation of combination PAH-targeted therapy , that is , at least two drugs from the three categories as represented by iloprost , bosentan and sildenafil .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['iloprost', 'bosentan', 'sildenafil'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Adding sulbactam to piperacillin resulted in increased susceptibility rates among piperacillin-resistant P. aeruginosa ( 53 - 57 % in either 2:1 or 4:1 ratios ) and A. baumannii ( 38 - 46 % in either 2:1 ratio or a fixed 8 mg/L concentration of sulbactam ) isolates .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['sulbactam', 'piperacillin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Senescence can be efficiently induced in cultured cells by DNA-damaging drugs , including doxorubicin ( DOX ) , cisplatin and etoposide .",[]
"Preoperative treatment was 5 fractions radiation therapy ( 25 Gy to involved mesorectum , 20 Gy to elective nodes ) , followed by 4 cycles of FOLFOX [ 5-fluorouracil , oxaliplatin , leucovorin ] .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['oxaliplatin', 'leucovorin', '5-fluorouracil'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The cost-effectiveness of dapagliflozin versus sulfonylurea as an add-on to metformin in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['dapagliflozin', 'metformin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The mean reduction of night time points was statistically lower than that of day time points for latanoprost ( P = 0.031 ) , timolol ( P = 0.032 ) , and brimonidine ( P = 0.050 ) , but not for dorzolamide ( P = 0.60 ) , bimatoprost ( P = 0.057 ) , travoprost ( P = 0.064 ) .",[]
"Moreover , the beneficial effects of dronedarone , amiodarone analogues , against Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania mexicana have recently been demonstrated and such treatment regimens resulted in lower side effects .",[]
This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of iguratimod ( T-614 ) in combination with methotrexate ( MTX ) for active rheumatoid arthritis ( RA ) patients .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['iguratimod', 'methotrexate'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Cyclophosphamide , doxorubicin , vincristine , and prednisone ( CHOP ) or CHOP-like regimens have been the backbone while more intensive regimens such as cyclophosphamide , vincristine , doxorubicin , high-dose methotrexate/ifosfamide , etoposide , high-dose cytarabine ( CODOX-M/IVAC ) , or dose-adjusted etoposide , prednisone , vincristine , cyclophosphamide , and doxorubicin ( DA-EPOCH ) are possible options .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['Cyclophosphamide', 'doxorubicin', 'vincristine', 'prednisone'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 14], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [9, 10, 11, 12, 13], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Irinotecan tended to result in more gastrointestinal tract reactions than oxaliplatin did , but the myelosuppression and neurotoxicity were more frequent in oxaliplatin regimen than irinotecan regimen .",[]
[ Intraoperative anaphylactic shock induced by methylergometrine and oxytocin ] .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['methylergometrine', 'oxytocin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Overexpression of MK in wild type neuroblastoma cells leads to acquired drug resistance to doxorubicin and to the related drug etoposide .,[]
"The only approved second-line therapies for patients without targetable oncogenic drivers are docetaxel , gemcitabine , pemetrexed , and erlotinib and for patients with target-specific oncogenes afatinib , osimertinib , crizotinib , alectinib , and ceritinib .",[]
an increase in serious adverse events with both regular formoterol and regular salmeterol in chronic asthma has been demonstrated in comparison with placebo in previous Cochrane reviews .,[]
[ An elderly patient with myelodysplastic syndrome successfully treated with combination of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor and continuous-drip infusion of low-dose cytarabine and etoposide ] .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cytarabine', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Among the GNB , a higher prevalence of resistance was observed against cefoxitin ( 93.1 % ) followed by ampicillin ( 79.4 % ) , chloramphenicol ( 72.6 % ) , ceftizoxime ( 65.7 % ) , aztreonam ( 64.9 % ) , cefotaxime ( 53.6 % ) , imipenem ( 38.3 % ) , ceftazidime ( 33.5 % ) , gentamicin ( 32.6 % ) , tetracycline ( 22.2 % ) , and ciprofloxacin ( 19.8 % ) .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['cefoxitin', 'ampicillin', 'chloramphenicol', 'ceftizoxime', 'aztreonam', 'cefotaxime', 'imipenem', 'ceftazidime', 'gentamicin', 'tetracycline', 'ciprofloxacin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The results suggested that irinotecan , 5-FU and leucovorin combination chemotherapy in a biweekly schedule is a practical and tolerable treatment option in patients with advanced colorectal cancer .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['irinotecan', '5-FU', 'leucovorin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Fifty-three consecutive patients with active duodenal ulcer ( DU ) were randomly included in a double-blind , double-dummy study to test the healing and relapsing rate of two treatment regimens : famotidine 40 mg nocte for 4 - 8 weeks , followed by 20 mg for 12 months after healing of the ulcer and colloidal bismuth ( CBS ) ( 240 mg bid ) for 4 - 8 weeks , followed by placebo maintenance treatment .",[]
"Cytotoxic monotherapy was the most frequently prescribed regimen ( N = 60 , 46 % ) in 2L , followed by combination therapies ( N = 45 , 35 % ) , pembrolizumab monotherapy ( N = 19 , 15 % ) , and bevacizumab monotherapy ( N = 6 , 5 % ) .",[]
"Terlipressin administration in rats pre-treated with octreotide further decreased portal pressure , portal tributary blood flow and increased hepatocollateral vascular resistance ; terlipressin increased arterial pressure and further decreased cardiac index .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['Terlipressin', 'octreotide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Results confirmed the antidepressant action of alprazolam and imipramine .,[]
Cell viability of two human hepatoma cell lines ( Huh7 and Hep-G2 ) was quantitatively investigated under the treatment of two drugs ( doxorubicin and etoposide ) .,[]
"MIF , TRH , and its analog PR-546 , the paraopioid RP , leuenkephalin , dalargin , the ACTH analogue Semax , tafcin , thymosine , interleukin-1 , vasopressin , oxytocin , bradykinin , defencin , and some proline-containing oligopeptides , such as Pro-Gly , Gly-Pro , Trp-Pro , Pro-Gly-Pro , Gly-Pro-Gly-Gly were studied .",[]
"In both cohorts , more than 40 % of patients discontinued their index drugs ( 46.4 % pazopanib and 44.1 % sunitinib , P = 0.732 ) .",[]
"The patients were heavily pretreated with anthracycline ( 100 % ) , taxane ( paclitaxel or docetaxel ) ( 100 % ) , capecitabine ( 100 % ) , vinorelbine ( 71 % ) , and mitomycin ( 69 % ) .",[]
Therapy includes debridement of necrotic bone and loculated purulence combined with amphotericin B and possibly 5-fluorocytosine or rifampin .,[]
"Docetaxel and cisplatin were given at 75 mg/m(2 ) , while capecitabine was initially given at 500 mg/m(2 ) twice a day and subsequently escalated .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['Docetaxel', 'cisplatin', 'capecitabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
A colorectal cancer cell line ( LOVO cell ) treated by curcumin combined with irinotecan in different ways respectively was used as our comparative model .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['curcumin', 'irinotecan'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The use of ceftriaxone plus doxycycline as an initial empiric therapy for patients hospitalized with CAP appears safe and effective , and its potential superiority should be evaluated prospectively .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['doxycycline', 'plus'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Metformin ( 50 mg/kg/day ) , genistein ( 20 mg/kg/day ) and combination of genistein and metformin was administered in alloxan-induced diabetic rats .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['genistein', 'metformin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"CYP3A5 ( intron 3 ) and MDR1 ( exons 12 , 21 , 26 ) genotypes were correlated to the adjusted trough concentrations and dose requirements for both sirolimus and tacrolimus .",[]
"Here we report the results of a multicenter retrospective trial evaluating ASCT in patients with transformed lymphoma using the Z-BEAM conditioning regimen , which combines yttrium-90-labeled ibritumomab tiuxetan ( Zevalin ) with high-dose BEAM ( carmustine , etoposide , cytarabine , melphalan ) chemotherapy .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['ibritumomab tiuxetan', 'carmustine', 'etoposide', 'cytarabine', 'melphalan'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Palbociclib is a selective cyclin-dependent kinase ( CDK ) 4/6 inhibitor used in combination with aromatase inhibitors or fulvestrant for patients with hormone receptor-positive ( HR+ ) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative advanced/metastatic breast cancer ( ABC/MBC ) .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Palbociclib', 'fulvestrant'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Triplet schedule of weekly 5-fluorouracil and alternating irinotecan or oxaliplatin in advanced colorectal cancer : a dose-finding and phase II study .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['5-fluorouracil', 'irinotecan', 'oxaliplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"After larvae were infected with S. aureus , larval survival was enhanced by administering the antistaphylococcal antibiotics daptomycin or vancomycin .",[]
"In terms of progression-free survival ( PFS ) , axitinib was superior compared with placebo ( HR = 0.25 , 95 % CrI : 0.17 - 0.38 ) , sorafenib ( HR = 0.46 , 95 % CrI : 0.32 - 0.68 ) and pazopanib ( HR = 0.47 , 95 % CrI : 0.26 - 0.85 ) .",[]
Concomitant and sequential treatment with paclitaxel and gemcitabine had no significant difference in terms of PFS .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['paclitaxel', 'gemcitabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Efficacy of Margetuximab vs Trastuzumab in Patients With Pretreated ERBB2-Positive Advanced Breast Cancer : A Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial .,[]
"She was treated with a combination of four cycles of cyclophosphamide , hydroxydaunorubicin , vincristine , and prednisolone ( CHOP ) regimen followed by local radiotherapy ( 36 Gray/20 fractions/4 weeks ) by three-dimensional conformal technique .",[]
We compared such treatment with docetaxel plus prednisone in men with this disease .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['docetaxel', 'prednisone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Magnocellular neurons of the hypothalamo-neurophypophysial system synthesize either vasopressin or oxytocin ; water deprivation and chronic saline ingestion are potent stimuli for the expression of both of the genes encoding these neuropeptides .,[]
"Combination chemotherapy has been established to have superior response rates and progression-free survival and -- in some instances , for fluorouracil and irinotecan combinations -- improved overall survival compared to fluorouracil alone .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['fluorouracil', 'irinotecan'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Phase IV study of bevacizumab in combination with infusional fluorouracil , leucovorin and irinotecan ( FOLFIRI ) in first-line metastatic colorectal cancer .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['bevacizumab', 'fluorouracil', 'leucovorin', 'irinotecan'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In addition , multidrug resistance of Hep-2-CSCs to vincristine , etoposide and doxorubicin was greatly improved after the cells were transfected with microRNA-125a mimics .",[]
"Nine patients received a combination of cisplatin and etoposide ( EP ) , 5 had cyclophosphamide , doxorubicin and vincristine , 1 had cyclophosphamide , etoposide and vincristine and 1 had monotherapy with oral etoposide .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['cisplatin', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [2, 3, 4], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [5, 6, 7], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Tetracycline ( TC ) and chlortetracycline ( CTC ) are used extensively for growth promotion and therapeutic purposes in livestock production .,[]
"Comparing the combination of nalidixic acid and metronidazole with metronidazole alone , 17.5 % more children treated with the combination recovered by day 3 of treatment ( p = 0.08 ) and the mean stool frequency ascertained on day 7 for the previous 24 h was 26.8 % less in them ( p = 0.05 ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['nalidixic acid', 'metronidazole'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
The management is primarily based on pharmacological agents and in clinical practice propranolol and primidone are considered the first-line therapy .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['propranolol', 'primidone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In vitro sensitivity of HT29 human colon cancer cells to doxorubicin ( DXR ) , vincristine ( VCR ) , etoposide ( VP16 ) , cisplatin ( CDDP ) , melphalan ( L-PAM ) and 5-fluorouracil ( 5FU ) was markedly reduced when cell-culture density increased .",[]
ERCC1 and thymidylate synthase mRNA levels predict survival for colorectal cancer patients receiving combination oxaliplatin and fluorouracil chemotherapy .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['oxaliplatin', 'fluorouracil'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
7 patients ( 53 % ) receiving pamidronate and thalidomide therapy demonstrated good response involving at least 25 % reduction of monoclonal protein levels in comparison with baseline .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['pamidronate', 'thalidomide'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Growth inhibition was measured by 3H-thymidine incorporation assays for doxorubicin hydrochloride ( ADM ) , mitomycin C ( MMC ) , cisplatin ( CDDP ) , and etoposide ( VP-16 ) , and by Alamar Blue assay for ( AB assay ) 5-fluorouracil ( 5-FU ) .",[]
"A similar relapse rate was also obtained with a 6-month completely oral regimen including TMC207 , moxifloxacin and pyrazinamide but excluding both amikacin and ethionamide .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['TMC207', 'moxifloxacin', 'pyrazinamide'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [1, 2, 3, 4], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Phase I Clinical Trial of Combination Propranolol and Pembrolizumab in Locally Advanced and Metastatic Melanoma : Safety , Tolerability , and Preliminary Evidence of Antitumor Activity .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Propranolol', 'Pembrolizumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Iohexol and iodixanol resulted in similarly marked increases in levels of inflammation and oxidative stress .,[]
Sequential exposure of vinorelbine preceding paclitaxel or prolonged exposure to both agents concurrently needs to be tested clinically to determine whether the antitumor activity of this combination can be enhanced .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['vinorelbine', 'paclitaxel'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"On the other hand we observed that topoisomerase II ( Top2 ) poisons ( doxorubicin and etoposide ) did not affect 1 day post fertilization embryo viability , however in cells isolated from Top2 drug treated embryos the formation of DNA cleavage complexes was observed by comet assay .",[]
Favorable Response of Metastatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma to Treatment with Trans-arterial Radioembolization Followed by Sorafenib and Nivolumab .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Sorafenib', 'Nivolumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In 23 adult patients , surgery , postoperative radiotherapy ( 60 Gy in 30 daily fractions within 6 weeks ) , and adjuvant modified chemotherapy ( procarbazine 60 mg/m(2 ) on Days 1 - 14 , lomustine 100 mg/m(2 ) on Day 1 , and vincristine 1.4 mg/m(2 ) [ maximum 2 mg ] on Days 1 and 8) were administered every 6 weeks for up to six cycles or until progression occurred .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['procarbazine', 'lomustine', 'vincristine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In addition to prolonged survival , these exploratory HRQoL results show that nivolumab maintains baseline HRQoL levels to provide long-term quality of survival benefit , compared with dacarbazine in patients with advanced melanoma .",[]
"This phase 1 trial determined the safety , pharmacokinetics , and antitumor activity of LY3022855 in combination with durvalumab or tremelimumab in patients with advanced solid cancers who had received standard anti-cancer treatments .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['LY3022855', 'durvalumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interaction of vildagliptin and voglibose in Japanese patients with Type 2 diabetes .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['vildagliptin', 'voglibose'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"CD133 + cells ( CD133 is marker of CSC in some tumors ) isolated from NBL , osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma cell lines are resistant to cisplatin , carboplatin , etoposide and doxorubicin than the CD133- ones .",[]
"The epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) inhibitors , gefitinib , erlotinib and afatinib ; the anaplastic lymphoma kinase ( ALK ) inhibitor , crizotinib ; and the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody , bevacizumab , are already providing improved survival for patients with NSCLC .",[]
Contrasting actions of acute or chronic paroxetine and fluvoxamine on morphine withdrawal-induced place conditioning .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['paroxetine', 'fluvoxamine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Phase 3 data support the use of sunitinib , bevacizumab plus interferon-α and pazopanib for patients with low and intermediate risk of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['sunitinib', 'bevacizumab', 'pazopanib', 'interferon-α'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
This study is designed to find out the efficacy and toxicity of the combination of oxaliplatin and gemcitabine in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC ) .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['oxaliplatin', 'gemcitabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
All patients received 900 mg/m2 bolus of cyclophosphamide intravenously daily for 3 consecutive days with a concurrent infusion of 150 mg/m2 of paclitaxel over 72 h ( 50 mg/m2/d ) .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cyclophosphamide', 'paclitaxel'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Rituximab combined with a small dose of melphalan for a refractory follicular lymphoma patient .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Rituximab', 'melphalan'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In this study , the intrinsic anti-bacterial activity of mefloquine and azithromycin was assessed in comparison to sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine against bacterial pathogens with clinical importance in pregnancy in a standard microdilution assay .",[]
Pirfenidone has a beneficial effect on morphological changes in anti-GBM GN comparable with candesartan,[]
Difluprednate versus prednisolone acetate for inflammation following cataract surgery in pediatric patients : a randomized safety and efficacy study .,[]
"Accumulated doses of cyclophosphamide , procarbazine , doxorubicin , mitoxantrone , and etoposide were 18,300 mg , 3000 mg , 580 mg , 100 mg , and 4150 mg , respectively , which had been administered for the treatment of NHL .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['cyclophosphamide', 'procarbazine', 'doxorubicin', 'mitoxantrone', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In newly diagnosed patients with MCL ineligible for intensive therapy and ASCT , the standard-of-care has generally been R-CHOP ( rituximab , cyclophosphamide , doxorubicin , vincristine , and prednisone ) , followed by rituximab , maintenance .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['rituximab', 'cyclophosphamide', 'doxorubicin', 'vincristine', 'prednisone', 'rituximab'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Here , we analyze the effects of the broad-spectrum HDAC inhibitors ( HDACi ) panobinostat and vorinostat on the transcriptional regulation of autophagy with respect to autophagy transcription factor activity ( Transcription factor EB-TFEB , forkhead boxO-FOXO ) and autophagic flux in neuroblastoma cells .",[]
"The postischemic decrease in total intensity and frequency index in EEG recovered rapidly when nitrendipine was pretreated , whereas the recovery of EEG parameters was not obtained by the nicardipine pretreatment .",[]
"The results indicate that BU and IPSA behave additively with verapamil and carbamazepine , which may be due to a common action on the same subtype of calcium channels .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['BU', 'IPSA', 'verapamil', 'carbamazepine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
The combination of docetaxel and trastuzumab is well tolerated and has clinically meaningful antitumor activity .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['docetaxel', 'trastuzumab'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Combined treatment using insulin-like growth factor-I with prednisolone or ursodeoxycholic acid additively increased bile flow volume .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['insulin-like growth factor-I', 'prednisolone'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
The AV3V-lesioned group of animals were characterized by an inability to excrete the excess sodium load and by a failure to increase secretion of both oxytocin and vasopressin into the general circulation in response to the salt-stimulus .,[]
"Patients received BBFC ( n = 193 ) , brinzolamide 1 % ( n = 192 ) , or brimonidine 0.2 % ( n = 175 ) BID .",[]
"Artemisinin ( ART ) is a sesquiterpene lactone extracted from Chinese herb qinghao , and artemether ( ARM ) , artesunate ( ARS ) and dihydroartemisinin ( DHA ) were synthesized derivatives of artemisinin , which also have anti-malarial and anti-cancer effects such as artemisinin .",[]
Pharmacodynamic modeling of combined chemotherapeutic effects predicts synergistic activity of gemcitabine and trabectedin in pancreatic cancer cells .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['gemcitabine', 'trabectedin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Conversely , down-regulation of cyclin E1 gene expression or inhibition of cyclin E1 by the cyclin-dependent kinase ( CDK ) inhibitors dinaciclib ( DIN ) or flavopiridol sensitized HCC cells to regorafenib and sorafenib by inducing apoptosis .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['flavopiridol', 'regorafenib'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Levofloxacin hemihydrate ( LEV ) and ambroxol HCl ( AMB ) are available for the treatment of upper and lower respiratory tract infections .,[]
Cytarabine and etoposide intensification exceeded the acceptable toxic death rate of 10 % .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['Cytarabine', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"After initiating warfarin plus lenvatinib , INR assays are necessary .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['warfarin', 'lenvatinib'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Treatment with the DNA topoisomerase inhibitors etoposide , doxorubicin , and camptothecin , and with the alkylating agents cisplatin and melphalan , caused peroxide accumulation and apoptosis in U-937 human promonocytic cells .",[]
We retrospectively analyzed 76 patients with LD SCLC who received combination cisplatin or carboplatin of etoposide or irinotecan .,[]
"MCF-7 cells which expressed a constitutively-activated Akt-1 gene [ ∆Akt-1(CA ) ] were more resistant to doxorubicin , etoposide and 4-OH-tamoxifen ( 4HT ) than cells lacking ∆Akt-1(CA ) .",[]
"that , in response to mitomycin C and doxorubicin , human hepatocellular carcinoma cells generate conflicting signals , mediated by cyclin E and p21WAF1/CIP1 , which respectively accelerates and represses cell cycle transition .",[]
"In the last years , the main topoisomerase I inhibitors ( TP1-I ) ( i.e. topotecan and irinotecan ) have been used in combination chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer .",[]
"Merimepodib ( MMPD ) is an orally administered , inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase inhibitor that has shown antiviral activity in nonresponders with chronic hepatitis C ( CHC ) when combined with pegylated interferon alfa 2a ( Peg-IFN-alfa-2a ) and ribavirin ( RBV ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['interferon alfa', 'ribavirin', 'Merimepodib'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Of the antibacterial agents examined , only carbenicillin and , to a lesser extent , gentamicin were active against the bacteria usually encountered whilst still permitting normal protoplast metabolism and regeneration .",[]
"Chemosensitization is one of the anti-tumor effects of E1A , increasing in vitro and in vivo sensitization of anti-cancer drugs , including cisplatin , gemcitabine , etoposide , doxorubicin , paclitaxel , and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand and histone deacetylase inhibitors in different types of cancer cells .",[]
"A strong correlation was only found between the level of MRP3 expression and the IC(50 ) values of etoposide , doxorubicin and pirarubicin ( r = 0.86 - 0.98 , P<0.05 ) .",[]
"In addition to the typical cross-resistance to doxorubicin , daunorubicin , vincristine and etoposide , we observed a significant resistance of the C6,5 x 10(-7 ) Dox cell line to irradiation , which can not be explained by Pgp-expression .",[]
[ Effects of endostatin and doxycycline on microcirculation patterns in melanoma and their relevant molecular mechanisms ] .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['endostatin', 'doxycycline'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"It is likely that optimal application of these agents will involve combinations of inhibitors and combinations of inhibitors and chemotherapy , potentially with a mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor such as everolimus or temsirolimus .",[]
"Subsequent investigation of therapeutic responsiveness upon treatment with the current systemic gold standard EDP-M ( etoposide , doxorubicin , cisplatin and mitotane ) demonstrated maintenance of the clinically observed drug resistance for MUC-1 exclusively .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['etoposide', 'doxorubicin', 'cisplatin', 'mitotane'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Oxaliplatin is active in NSCLC , offers advantage in terms of toxicity , and shows synergism with gemcitabine .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Oxaliplatin', 'gemcitabine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"A total of 34 patients with continuous measurements of FT levels and mCRPC status underwent therapy with docetaxel , abiraterone acetate , enzalutamide , cabozantinib , carboplatin or cabazitaxel .",[]
"Pharmacological interventions with a proton pump inhibitor ( PPI ) , H2 receptor antagonist ( H2RA ) , antacid , bismuth and sucralfate may have effects on both the prevention and treatment of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in infants .",[]
Doxorubicin and lapatinib combination nanomedicine for treating resistant breast cancer .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Doxorubicin', 'lapatinib'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The HIV protease inhibitor ritonavir , a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor , decreased first-pass metabolism of orally administered docetaxel .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['ritonavir', 'docetaxel'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Ramucirumab plus osimertinib demonstrated encouraging safety and antitumor activity in T790M-positive EGFR-mutant NSCLC .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Ramucirumab', 'osimertinib'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"The patient was complicated with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis ( HLH ) and invasive aspergillosis ( IPA ) after re-induction treatment with FLAG-IDA following etoposide , cytarabine , and mitoxantrone .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['etoposide', 'cytarabine', 'mitoxantrone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"On the other hand , cyclosporine and tacrolimus have a different impact on cardiovascular risk factors with tacrolimus having a better profile on arterial tension and lipid metabolism and cyclosporine on glucose metabolism .",[]
"Isoniazid , streptomycin , rifampin , and ethambutol were each tested at 3 concentrations by the radiometric method and the reference ( agar dilution ) method .",[]
Pretreatment of the rats with methamphetamine ( MAP ) for 8 days prior to chronic haloperidol significantly enhanced the DOPAC and HVA increase produced by the challenge with haloperidol in both brain areas .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['methamphetamine', 'haloperidol'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"The patients participated in three clinical trials that combined tumor vaccines with potential Treg-depleting agents : low-dose cyclophosphamide , anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody daclizumab , and the IL-2/diphtheria toxin fusion protein denileukin diftitox .",[]
The quantity and composition of bacterial communities were altered by treatment with the five-antibiotic cocktail and by treatment with vancomycin and ampicillin .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['vancomycin', 'ampicillin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Successful treatment of an elderly Langerhans cell sarcoma patient by EPOCH ( etoposide , prednisone , vincristine , cyclophosphamide , and doxorubicin ) chemotherapy .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['etoposide', 'prednisone', 'vincristine', 'cyclophosphamide', 'doxorubicin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Tremelimumab plus gemcitabine demonstrated a safety and tolerability profile , warranting further study in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Tremelimumab', 'gemcitabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The sensitivity of a panel of short-term cultures derived from 22 malignant astrocytoma and four malignant oligodendroglioma was assessed to aziridinylbenzoquinone ( AZQ ) , etoposide and doxorubicin ( DOX ) using a [ (35)S ] methione uptake assay .",[]
Longer progression-free survival ( PFS ) and overall survival ( OS ) were observed with T-DM1 compared with capecitabine plus lapatinib in all biomarker subgroups .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['capecitabine', 'lapatinib'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Pharmacokinetics , Safety , and Antitumor Effect of Apalutamide with Abiraterone Acetate plus Prednisone in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer : Phase Ib Study .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Apalutamide', 'Abiraterone', 'Prednisone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Combined treatment with nintedanib ( 200 mg/bid ) plus letrozole ( 2.5 mg/day ) effectively suppressed FGFR1 and aromatase activity , and these respective doses can be used as starting doses in any subsequent trials .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['nintedanib', 'letrozole'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
A significant response to a combination of trastuzumab and vinorelbine in HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer with HER2 V777L mutation .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['trastuzumab', 'vinorelbine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Patients ( n = 28 ) with metastatic solid tumors were randomized to receive pretreatment with Dex or GM-CSF or no pretreatment prior to courses 1 or 2 of carboplatin and ifosfamide .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['carboplatin', 'ifosfamide', 'Dex'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 1, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"After a thyroidectomy , she was treated with intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy and oral prednisolone followed by tacrolimus therapy .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['methylprednisolone', 'prednisolone', 'tacrolimus'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The vinca alkaloid , vinorelbine , and the multi-targeted antifol , pemetrexed , were additive with imexon in both cell lines .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['vinorelbine', 'pemetrexed', 'imexon'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Supine blood pressures ( group means ) were 171/97 ( placebo ) , 147/85 ( enalapril ) , 154/84 ( atenolol ) and 144/78 ( enalapril plus atenolol ) ( S.E.M. + /- 2/+/- 1-ANOVA ) , and standing blood pressures were 170/105 ( placebo ) , 146/92 ( enalapril ) , 154/92 ( atenolol ) and 147/86 ( enalapril plus atenolol ) ( S.E.M. + /- 3/+/- 1 ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['enalapril', 'atenolol'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"To evaluate the toxicity and activity of infusional fluorouracil ( FU ) , folinic acid ( FA ) , and oxaliplatin , administered every 2 weeks in patients with metastatic gastric cancer .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['fluorouracil', 'folinic acid', 'oxaliplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Bevacizumab in combination with interferon alfa is now approved for treatment-naïve advanced renal cell carcinoma ( RCC ) in both the US and Europe .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Bevacizumab', 'interferon alfa'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
YM155 in combination with rituximab was tolerable with encouraging antitumor activity and durable responses in relapsed aggressive B-cell NHL patients .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['YM155', 'rituximab'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Both , droperidol and the new 5-HT3-antagonist ( e.g. dolasetron ) are effective drugs in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting ( PONV ) .",[]
Use of doxycycline or azithromycin had little effect on the likelihood of removal of the IUD within 90 days of insertion ( OR 1.05 ; 95 % CI 0.68 - 1.63 ) .,[]
"Similarly , a significant benefit in progression-free survival for carboplatin plus gemcitabine versus carboplatin monotherapy was seen in the Gynecologic Cancer InterGroup trial .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['carboplatin', 'gemcitabine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
We report a case series of 10 patients that were treated with betamethasone valerate foam ( 0.12 % ) in the morning and topical tazarotene cream ( 0.1 % ) in the evening for a total of 12 weeks or until plaques cleared .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['betamethasone', 'tazarotene'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Valsartan and sulfasalazine also reduced markers of oxidative stress after DSS administration .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Valsartan', 'sulfasalazine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Only two relapses have occurred in the cohort since withdrawal of Mitoxantrone , occurring in the two patients who had previously been treated with Glatiramer Acetate .",[]
"Metronomic 5-fluorouracil , oxaliplatin and irinotecan in colorectal cancer .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['5-fluorouracil', 'oxaliplatin', 'irinotecan'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Several epidemiological , clinical and preclinical studies to date have supported the chemopreventive potentials of several targeted drug classes including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( NSAIDs ) ( aspirin , naproxen , sulindac , celecoxib , and licofelone ) , statins and other natural agents-both individually , and in combinations .",[]
"Lenalidomide is an approved medication for relapsed mantle cell lymphoma in patients who received at least two lines of therapy , including bortezomib .",[]
Combination of mefloquine and praziquantel gave better curative effects than praziquantel or mefloquine given alone .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['mefloquine', 'praziquantel'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether trastuzumab modifies the pharmacokinetics of epirubicin and its metabolites .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['trastuzumab', 'epirubicin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Cardiac safety analysis of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide followed by paclitaxel with or without trastuzumab in the North Central Cancer Treatment Group N9831 adjuvant breast cancer trial .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['doxorubicin', 'cyclophosphamide', 'paclitaxel'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'NEG', 'spans': [0, 1, 2, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Bupropion differentially alters the aversive , locomotor and rewarding properties of nicotine in CD-1 mice .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Bupropion', 'nicotine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"We therefore aimed to determine the current antibiotic susceptibility of H. pylori to amoxicillin , clarithromycin , metronidazole , tetracycline and levofloxacin in Bangladesh .",[]
"With the exception of one Y. enterocolitica isolate which was resistant to tetracycline and streptomycin , the isolates were sensitive to the non-beta-lactam antibiotics .",[]
"Meropenem ( 84.5 % ) and vancomycin ( 100 % ) remain the most effective antimicrobial agents against Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria , respectively .",[]
"Troublesome coughing , as observed by the operator , was less frequent with glycopyrrolate ( control 51 % , atropine 42 % , glycopyrrolate 30 % ) , as was patient movement ( 40 % , 32 % , 19 % , respectively ) .",[]
"The first trial was a multicenter randomized phase III study of chemotherapy ( doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide or paclitaxel ) + /- trastuzumab , and the second was a multicenter phase II trial of vinorelbine + trastuzumab .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide', 'trastuzumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [1, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [3, 4], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Peginterferon alfa-2a ( 40KD ) plus ribavirin has given an overall sustained virological response of 18 % in F3/F4 previous nonresponder US patients .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Peginterferon alfa-2a', 'ribavirin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Simultaneous determination of pyrimethamine and mefloquine in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection .,[]
We conducted a phase I and pharmacokinetic study with the erlotinib and celecoxib combination in patients with advanced premalignant lesions .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['erlotinib', 'celecoxib'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Out of 115 transplanted specimens 52 models were established of which 29 were characterized for response to docetaxel , cetuximab , methotrexate , carboplatin , 5-fluorouracil and everolimus .",[]
"Apart from progesterone , the enhancing effects of surfactants were better than those of non-surfactant MDR reversing agents such as verapamil , trifluoperazine and reserpine .",[]
"A549-Gem is cross-resistant to vincristine and etoposide , but not resistant to adriamycin , cisplatin , cytarabine and paclitaxel .",[]
[ Efficacy of combination therapy of lamivudine and adefovir dipivoxyl for patients with hepatitis B-induced decompensated liver cirrhosis ] .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['lamivudine', 'adefovir'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The effervescent aspirin preparation is at least as effective as the combination of aspirin plus metoclopramide , but has fewer side effects .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['aspirin', 'metoclopramide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Several agents are now available in this setting , including neratinib , tucatinib , ado-trastuzumab emtansine , and trastuzumab deruxtecan .",[]
"This is an investigator-initiated , multicenter randomized controlled trial ( RCT ) designed to compare the combination treatment of adalimumab and methotrexate with adalimumab monotherapy in patients with psoriasis .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['adalimumab', 'methotrexate'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
These results provide compelling preclinical rationale indicating lapatinib to be a potentially efficacious chemotherapeutic combination partner for irinotecan in the treatment of gastrointestinal carcinomas .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['lapatinib', 'irinotecan'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"In order to investigate the effects of a realistic pharmaceutical mixture on an ecosystem , a study utilizing 15 of 12,000 L aquatic microcosms treated with eight common pharmaceuticals ( atorvastatin , acetaminophen , caffeine , sulfamethoxazole , carbamazepine , levofloxacin , sertraline , and trimethoprim ) at total ( summed ) molar concentrations of 0 , 0.044 , 0.608 , 2.664 , and 24.538 micromol/L ( n = 3 ) was conducted .",[]
"The enhancement characteristics in different portions of the liver during dynamic sequential bolus computed tomography ( CT ) with iodinated contrast material ( DSBCT ) were prospectively evaluated in 75 patients by using iothalamate meglumine , iopamidol , and iohexol ( 25 patients received each agent ) .",[]
Women with previously untreated bulky ( primary tumor > /= 4 cm ) stage IB or IIA non-small-cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix were randomly assigned to receive either cisplatin 50 mg/m(2 ) and vincristine 1 mg/m(2 ) for 1 day and bleomycin 25 mg/m(2 ) for 3 days for three cycles followed by radical hysterectomy ( NAC arm ) or receive primary pelvic radiotherapy only ( R/T arm ) .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['cisplatin', 'vincristine', 'bleomycin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of long-term use of bupropion sustained release ( SR ) , the nicotine patch , and the combination of these 2 treatments in patients who initially failed treatment .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['bupropion', 'nicotine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Clinical and microbiologic cure rates for NGU were somewhat low and there was no significant difference between azithromycin and doxycycline .,[]
"In the main study submitted for this application , a 2.4-month longer median overall survival time and a 30 % lower risk for death were observed for cabazitaxel , compared with mitoxantrone .",[]
"Systemic chemotherapy with vincristine , actinomycin D , plus cyclophosphamide ( VAC therapy ) , and etoposide plus cisplatin ( EP therapy ) were made according to Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study (IRS)-IV Regimen 45 .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['vincristine', 'actinomycin D', 'cyclophosphamide', 'etoposide', 'cisplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"He was asymptomatic half a year after the rituximab with cyclophosphamide , vincristine , doxorubicin , methotrexate/ifosfamide , etoposide , and high-dose cytarabine protocol therapy ; the lymphoma is in remission .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['rituximab', 'cyclophosphamide', 'vincristine', 'doxorubicin', 'methotrexate/ifosfamide', 'etoposide', 'cytarabine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"The RC0.1 and RC1 cells have high cross-resistance to CPT derivatives including SN-38 and topotecan , but are not cross-resistant to the non-top1 inhibitors etoposide , doxorubicin , and vincristine .",[]
"To evaluate empiric nifuratel , amoxicillin , and bismuth triple therapy for H. pylori gastritis in childhood .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['nifuratel', 'amoxicillin', 'bismuth'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The patient was treated in July 1998 with anthracycline , etoposide , and behenoyl cytarabine chemotherapy for AML ( French-American-British classification , M2 ; World Health Organization classification , AML with maturation ) and achieved complete remission .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['anthracycline', 'etoposide', 'behenoyl cytarabine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"The risk increased when ASA was combined with clopidogrel , compared with aspirin alone ( OR , 1.86 ; 95 % CI , 1.49 - 2.31 ) , anticoagulants vs low doses of ASA alone ( OR , 1.93 ; 95 % CI , 1.42 - 2.61 ) , or in studies that included patients with a history of GI bleeding or of longer duration .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['clopidogrel', 'ASA'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Raloxifene , an anti-osteoporotic drug , is recently approved for prevention of breast cancer in postmenopausal women and thus the drug may be employed to combat the bony adverse effects of letrozole , another anticancer drug .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Raloxifene', 'letrozole'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In a previous trial , we found that adding the antiandrogen flutamide to leuprolide acetate ( a synthetic gonadotropin-releasing hormone that results in medical ablation of testicular function ) significantly improved survival as compared with that achieved with placebo plus leuprolide acetate .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['flutamide', 'leuprolide acetate'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Contraceptives containing desogestrel or levonorgestrel have different effects on serum lipoproteins and post-heparin plasma lipase activities .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['desogestrel', 'levonorgestrel'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Gastric mucosa biopsy samples obtained from children who had undergone upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were cultured for H. pylori , and susceptibility to six antibiotics ( clarithromycin , amoxicillin , gentamicin , furazolidone , metronidazole , and levofloxacin ) was tested from 2012 - 2014 .",[]
"Concentrations of guaifenesin , diphenhydramine , and chlorpheniramine detected in the heart blood were 27.4 , 8.8 , and 0.2 mg/L , respectively .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['guaifenesin', 'diphenhydramine', 'chlorpheniramine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The standard chemotherapy for localized ESFT now comprises vincristine , actinomycin D , cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin ( VACD ) in Europe or vincristine , doxorubicin , cyclophosphamide , ifosfamide and etoposide ( VDC-IE ) in North America .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['vincristine', 'actinomycin D', 'cyclophosphamide', 'doxorubicin'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [4, 5, 6, 7, 8], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Ceftriaxone plus gentamicin or ceftriaxone alone for streptococcal endocarditis in Japanese patients as alternative first-line therapies .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['Ceftriaxone', 'gentamicin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Combined therapy : what does acamprosate and naltrexone combination tell us ?,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['acamprosate', 'naltrexone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Reflecting the role of STAT3 in inducing localized immune suppression , using both atovaquone and pyrimethamine resulted in the modulation of immunoregulatory genes predicted to enhance an immune response , including upregulation of ICOSLG ( Inducible T-Cell Costimulator Ligand or B7H2 ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['atovaquone', 'pyrimethamine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"TVR can be used in combination with tenofovir , emtricitabine and raltegravir for patients with hemophilia .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['tenofovir', 'emtricitabine', 'raltegravir', 'TVR'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Almost all the isolates were resistant to Ampicillin and Tobramycin ( 99.3 % each ) .,[]
Topical therapy with azithromycin and oral therapy with doxycycline relieved signs and symptoms and restored the lipid properties of the meibomian gland secretion toward normal .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['azithromycin', 'doxycycline'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Pharmacy costs of cefazolin used as prophylaxis were more than twice the cost for cephapirin .,[]
"PP-6 isolated from Tibetan Plateau could ferment raffinose , lactose , sorbitol , melibiose and sucrose , and LS-5 could ferment cottonseed sugar , laetrile , rhamnose , lactose , sorbitol , xylose , arabinose , melibiose and sucrose , but the same species of commercial strains could not use these sugars .",[]
"Drug combinations , especially rapamycin + doxycycline may have promising anti-tumour effect in gliomas .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['rapamycin', 'doxycycline'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Treatment with PUVA ( psoralen-ultraviolet-A ) combined with 40 - -80 mg prednisolone and then with chemotherapy [ COPP regimen ( cyclophosphamide , vincristine , procarbacine , prednisone ) , high-dosage methotrexate followed by citrovorum factor rescue ] was not successful .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['prednisolone', 'cyclophosphamide', 'vincristine', 'prednisone', 'methotrexate', 'psoralen-ultraviolet-A', 'procarbacine', 'citrovorum'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"This population-based nonconcurrent cohort study of statewide California Cancer Registry data included all patients aged 40 to 85 years diagnosed with mCRC and treated with SC only or SC plus bevacizumab or cetuximab from January 1 , 2004 , through December 31 , 2014 .",[]
We evaluated a sequential treatment with Vinorelbine followed by Gemcitabine to determine its effect on survival and the toxicity in this patient population .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Vinorelbine', 'Gemcitabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Apoptosis in Hep2 cells treated with etoposide and colchicine .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['etoposide', 'colchicine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The objective of this phase II study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of carboplatin and weekly paclitaxel combination chemotherapy in previously untreated , advanced non-small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['carboplatin', 'paclitaxel'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Therapy consisted of seven cycles of VCAP ( vincristine , cyclophosphamide , doxorubicin and prednisone ) , AMP ( doxorubicin , ranimustine and prednisone ) and VECP ( vindesine , etoposide , carboplatin and prednisone ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['vincristine', 'cyclophosphamide', 'doxorubicin', 'prednisone', 'doxorubicin', 'ranimustine', 'prednisone', 'etoposide', 'carboplatin', 'prednisone', 'vindesine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Indomethacin , naproxen and dexamethasone had no effect .",[]
"In HER2-amplified cells , the combination of trastuzumab and lapatinib was evaluated using the median effects principal .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['trastuzumab', 'lapatinib'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"To assess the effects of photosensitizing drugs voriconazole and hydrochlorothiazide ( HCTZ ) on the enhancement of UV-induced inflammatory responses and UV-induced tumorigenesis , we utilized Xpa-knockout mice , which is DNA repair-deficient and more susceptible to UV-induced inflammation and tumor development than wild-type mice .",[]
"Sorafenib monotherapy and combinations with taxanes , bevacizumab and ixabepilone showed inadequate efficacy , while efficacy results from combinations with gemcitabine and/or capecitabine and possibly tamoxifen were more promising .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Sorafenib', 'gemcitabine'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 4], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 5], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [0, 1], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"This article reviews the pertinent studies regarding paclitaxel combined with cisplatin or carboplatin , discusses the remaining controversies surrounding how best to combine these agents , and provides opinions regarding the discordant outcomes noted in studies of the paclitaxel-platinum doublet .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['paclitaxel', 'cisplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The results indicate that neomycin only inhibits the growth of susceptible bacteria ( E. coli , Staph . aureus ) which , conversely , are poor lactitol fermenters .",[]
"Hyperthermia could increase the sensitivity of SKOV3 to cis-platinum , carboplatin and oxaliplatin ( P < 0.05 ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cis-platinum', 'Hyperthermia'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [1, 3], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [2, 3], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"A prospective phase 2 trial of short-course ( SC ) radiation therapy ( RT ) with 25 Gy over 5 fractions , followed by 4 cycles of 5-fluorouracil , oxaliplatin , and leucovorin ( mFOLFOX6 ) before surgery was recently completed at our institution .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['5-fluorouracil', 'oxaliplatin', 'leucovorin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"[ A case of advanced gastric cancer successfully treated with trastuzumab , capecitabine , and Cisplatin therapy followed by curative resection ] .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['trastuzumab', 'capecitabine', 'Cisplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Sulpiride plus hydroxyzine decrease tinnitus perception .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Sulpiride', 'hydroxyzine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
' Arimidex ' ( anastrozole ) versus tamoxifen as adjuvant therapy in postmenopausal women with early breast cancer -- efficacy overview .,[]
"We gave 2 , 3 , 5 and 5 mg/day/body of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator ( tPA ) followed by heparin and prostaglandin E1 ( PGE1 ) effectively and without significant side effect on days 9 , 10 , 13 and 14 , respectively .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['tissue plasminogen activator', 'heparin', 'prostaglandin E1'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Roxithromycin and clarithromycin , 14-membered ring macrolides , potentiate the antitumor activity of cytotoxic agents against mouse B16 melanoma cells .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Roxithromycin', 'clarithromycin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"The EVA regimen ( etoposide , vinblastine , doxorubicin ) is an attempt to substitute a known active agent , etoposide , for bleomycin and dacarbazine .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['etoposide', 'vinblastine', 'doxorubicin'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [1, 2, 4, 5], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer ( NSCLC is based on the combination of platin and one of the following agents : taxanes , gemcitabine , vinorelbine or irinotecan .",[]
"Carvedilol and imatinib mesylate alone reduced cell number , BrDU-LI , cAMP levels and spheroid volume .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Carvedilol', 'imatinib'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
The recommended phase II dose ( RP2D ) was cytarabine 10 mg bid days 1 - 10 and sorafenib 600 mg/day days 2 - 28 .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cytarabine', 'sorafenib'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
We performed a single-arm phase II trial of panitumumab in patients with KRAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer that had progressed on prior cetuximab .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['panitumumab', 'cetuximab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Two Phase 1 studies assessed effects of ABT-450 ( 150 mg coadministered with ritonavir 100 mg once daily ) , ombitasvir ( 25 mg once daily ) , and dasabuvir ( 400 mg twice daily ) on the pharmacokinetics , safety , and tolerability of a single dose of cyclosporine ( 30 mg ) or tacrolimus ( 2 mg ) in healthy volunteers ( N = 12 per study ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['ABT-450', 'ritonavir', 'ombitasvir', 'dasabuvir', 'cyclosporine'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 1, 2, 3, 5], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In this study a new GC-MS method has been developed for direct analysis of five major steroid estrogens ( estrone , 17beta-estradiol , 17alpha-ethinylestradiol , dienestrol , and diethylstilbestrol ) in river sediments .",[]
"A series of derivatives , like dihydroartemisinin , artesunate , artemether , artether , had the same core chemical structure , and sesquiterpene lactone containing peroxide bridge constitute the basic chemical structure .",[]
"Antiplatelet therapy with dipyridamole , 100 mg q.i.d . , starting 2 days before surgery , followed by aspirin , 325 mg t.i.d . plus dipyridamole , 75 mg t.i.d . , 7 hours after surgery was assessed in the prevention of saphenous vein bypass graft occlusion .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['dipyridamole', 'aspirin', 'dipyridamole'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Toxicity patterns following stepwise combinations of cyclophosphamide , methotrexate and fluorouracil .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cyclophosphamide', 'methotrexate', 'fluorouracil'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"All patients were treated with the combination of lapatinib ( 1250 mg/day , continuously ) and capecitabine ( 2000 mg/m(2 ) on days 1 through 14 of a 21-day cycle ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['lapatinib', 'capecitabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The present study explored the interaction between histaminergic and opioidergic systems at the level of the hippocampus in modulation of orofacial pain by intra-hippocampal microinjections of histamine , pyrilamine ( an antagonist of histamine H(1 ) receptors ) , ranitidine ( an antagonist of histamine H(2 ) receptors ) , morphine ( an opioid receptor agonist ) and naloxone ( an opioid receptor antagonist ) in separate and combined treatments .",[]
"Effect of curcumin , a natural phytochemical in restoring doxorubicin sensitivity by targeting Aurora A was assessed furthermore .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['curcumin', 'doxorubicin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"It is well established that several of the older AEDs ( carbamazepine , phenytoin and phenobarbital ) , are strong inducers of the hepatic cytochrome P450 ( CYP ) 3A4 enzyme system , and are associated with increased the risk of contraceptive failure .",[]
Our goals were to : establish the maximum-tolerated dose of olaparib tablets combined with metronomic carboplatin and paclitaxel in patients with relapsed high-grade serous ovarian cancer ; evaluate dose-limiting toxicities ; and evaluate efficacy at the maximum tolerated dose .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['olaparib', 'carboplatin', 'paclitaxel'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Abiraterone acetate ( CB7630 ) , a pregnenolone analog , is an orally administered small molecule that irreversibly inhibits a rate-limiting enzyme in androgen biosynthesis , CYP17 , and blocks the synthesis of androgens in the testes , adrenal glands and prostate without causing adrenal insufficiency .",[]
"There was no significant correlation between the response to ferrochloroquine and those to mefloquine , halofantrine , primaquine , atovaquone or artesunate .",[]
"All patients in this study were treated with decitabine of 15 mg/m2 for 5 days and G-CSF for priming , in combination with cytarabine of 10-mg/m2 q12h for 7 days and aclarubicin of 10 mg/day for 4 days ( D-CAG ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['decitabine', 'cytarabine', 'aclarubicin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In chronic musculoskeletal conditions with assessments over 6 to 12 weeks , topical diclofenac and ketoprofen had limited efficacy in hand and knee osteoarthritis , as did topical high-concentration capsaicin in postherpetic neuralgia .",[]
Pertuzumab is the most recent agent approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in combination with trastuzumab and docetaxel for the treatment of patients with HER2(+ ) metastatic breast cancer who have not received prior anti-HER2 therapy or chemotherapy for metastatic disease .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Pertuzumab', 'trastuzumab', 'docetaxel'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Safety and efficacy of sorafenib followed by regorafenib or lenvatinib in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['sorafenib', 'regorafenib'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The combination of boceprevir or telaprevir with peginterferon-alfa and ribavirin for the treatment of patients infected with HCV genotype 1 has led to significantly increased rates of sustained virological response ( SVR ) in phase III trials .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['boceprevir', 'peginterferon-alfa', 'ribavirin'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [1, 2, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In contrast , the combination of plumbagin with AR antagonists , such as bicalutamide and enzalutamide , showed no improvement over AR antagonists alone .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['bicalutamide', 'plumbagin'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [1, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The B-cell lymphoma 2 ( BCL-2 ) inhibitor venetoclax has an emerging role in acute myeloid leukemia ( AML ) , with promising response rates in combination with hypomethylating agents or low-dose cytarabine in older patients .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['venetoclax', 'cytarabine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Combination chemotherapy with vincristine , bleomycin , and methotrexate for advanced head and neck cancers .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['vincristine', 'bleomycin', 'methotrexate'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Combination therapy with labetalol ( 400 mg/day ) and prazosin ( 6 mg/day ) was unsatisfactory , and the addition of long-acting nifedipine ( 40 mg/day ) produced a marked decrease in blood pressure .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['labetalol', 'prazosin'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 1, 2], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"The monoclonal antibodies Ipilimumab , Pembrolizumab and Nivolumab , designed to interfere with T-cell inhibitory signals to activate immune responses against tumours , were originally approved as monotherapy .",[]
Recent studies have reported that the AI anastrozole has lower effectiveness than tamoxifen in women with high BMI .,[]
"It was identified as C. lunata ( Wakker ) Boedijn var . aeria ( Batista , Lima and Vasconcelos ) Ellis ( IMI 253204 ) and its growth was better at 28 degrees C than at 37 degrees C. In vitro , the fungus was most sensitive to amphotericin B followed by miconazole nitrate , clotrimazole and triphenyltin isoselenocyanate 4-picoline which had the same activity .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['amphotericin', 'miconazole', 'clotrimazole', 'triphenyltin isoselenocyanate 4-picoline'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Conclusions Everolimus plus mFOLFOX-6 + bevacizumab is tolerable and demonstrated preliminary efficacy for first-line mCRC .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Everolimus', 'bevacizumab', 'mFOLFOX-6'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Physician Utilization Patterns for VEGF-Inhibitor Drugs in the 2012 United States Medicare Population : Bevacizumab , Ranibizumab , and Aflibercept .",[]
"Antimicrobials that can be used with confidence to treat NG infection currently in China include ceftriaxone and spectinomycin , but not penicillin , tetracycline , ciprofloxacin , and cefixime .",[]
"A number of biologically targeted agents targeting the VEGF and mTOR signaling pathways have recently shown promise , with recent trials showing treatment with the VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor sunitinib or the mTOR inhibitor everolimus improves progression-free survival in patients with advanced NET .",[]
"We conducted a prospective phase II study to determine the response rate , toxicity , and survival rate of concurrent weekly paclitaxel , carboplatin , and hyperfractionated radiation therapy ( paclitaxel/carboplatin/HFX RT ) followed by 2 cycles of paclitaxel and carboplatin for locally advanced unresectable non-small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['paclitaxel', 'carboplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"A phase Ib study of pertuzumab , a recombinant humanised antibody to HER2 , and docetaxel in patients with advanced solid tumours .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['pertuzumab', 'docetaxel'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
These data suggest that vorinostat and doxorubicin may induce procoagulant activity in vessels through apoptosis of tumor cells and through phosphatidylserine exposure and/or tissue factor expression on vascular endothelial cells .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['vorinostat', 'doxorubicin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Based on encouraging results of previous combination regimens , we used a combination of VM26 , ifosfamide , methyl GAG , mitoxantrone ( or adriamycin ) , high-dose ( HD ) methotrexate and HD Ara C to treat 18 patients with relapsed or refractory NHL .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['VM26', 'ifosfamide', 'methyl GAG ,', 'mitoxantrone', 'methotrexate', 'Ara C'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"We treated this patient with six cycles of CHOEP ( Cyclophosphamide , Doxorubicin , Vincristine , Etoposide , and Prednisone ) chemotherapy .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Cyclophosphamide', 'Doxorubicin', 'Vincristine', 'Etoposide', 'Prednisone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
One study evaluated gemcitabine with gemcitabine and pertuzumab .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['gemcitabine', 'pertuzumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Resistance could be abolished by structurally different chemosensitizers of P-glycoprotein function like verapamil and reserpine but not by the leukotriene receptor antagonist MK571 which is a modulator of the multidrug resistance-associated protein ( MRP ) .,[]
"We conclude that the combination of thiotepa , 5FU , and leucovorin had significant myelotoxicity and do not recommend its routine use in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['thiotepa', '5FU', 'leucovorin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Forty-two patients with stage III to IV resectable HNSCC and nasopharyngeal tumors received induction chemotherapy with two courses of cisplatin ( 20 mg/m2/d continuous infusion [ CI ] ) , fluorouracil ( 800 mg/m2/d CI ) , and leucovorin ( 500 mg/m2/d CI ; PFL ) for 4 days followed by concurrent therapy with cisplatin ( 100 mg/m2/d on days 1 and 22 ) and approximately 70 Gy of external-beam radiotherapy .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cisplatin', 'fluorouracil', 'leucovorin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The saliva is shown to inhibit human platelet aggregation induced by thrombin , collagen , adenosine diphosphate ( ADP ) , epinephrine , platelet activating factor ( 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-3-glycerophophoryl choline [ PAF ] ) , and arachidonic acid .",[]
This clinical trial compared the efficacy of paclitaxel and vinorelbine in breast cancer neoadjuvant chemotherapy .,[]
Will a combination of l-leucine with low-dose metformin and sildenafil produce a novel synergistic interaction that reduces body weight ?,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['l-leucine', 'metformin', 'sildenafil'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Combinatory activity of linezolid and levofloxacin with antituberculosis drugs in Mycobacterium tuberculosis .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['linezolid', 'levofloxacin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Canadian clinical guidelines recommend the use of the combination of tamsulosin and dutasteride for men with moderate/severe symptoms associated with BPH and enlarged prostate volume .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['tamsulosin', 'dutasteride'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
The present study was designed to test the effects of chronic combined treatment with low doses of an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor ( perindopril ) and of the diuretic indapamide in spontaneously hypertensive rats ( SHR ) .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['perindopril', 'indapamide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
A phase 3 trial of azacitidine versus a semi-intensive fludarabine and cytarabine schedule in older patients with untreated acute myeloid leukemia .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['fludarabine', 'cytarabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Five other treatments closely followed ( dabrafenib [ HR PFS : 0.30 ] , nivolumab plus ipilimumab [ HR PFS : 0.34 ] , vemurafenib [ HR PFS : 0.38 ] , nivolumab [ HR PFS : 0.42 ] and pembrolizumab [ HR PFS : 0.46 ] ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['nivolumab', 'ipilimumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"IGROV-1/APL resistant cell line shows the typical MDR phenotype : ( 1 ) increased expression of membrane-associated P-glycoprotein , ( 2 ) cross-resistance to drugs like etoposide , doxorubicin , vinblastine , vincristine , taxol , colchicin and the novel anticancer drug Yondelis ( ET-743 ) .",[]
"Patients with newly diagnosed , locally advanced stage III or IV SCCHN received 4 weekly doses of carboplatin ( area under the curve , 1.5 ) and paclitaxel ( 45 mg/m(2 ) ) concurrently with concomitant boost radiation consisting of 72 grays in 42 fractions over 6 weeks ( every day for 18 days , twice a day for 12 days ) ( grading determined according to the TNM staging system ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['carboplatin', 'paclitaxel'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Phase 1b trial of docetaxel , prednisone , and pazopanib in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['docetaxel', 'prednisone', 'pazopanib'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Growth inhibition of cloned promastigotes showed that the films have enough releasing capacity and in vivo system , the films containing paromomycin and gentamicin was able to reduce the lesion size and induced complete cure in 80 % of the mice but relapse was seen in 60 % of the cured mice and overall 50 % cure rate was seen during 20 weeks period of the study .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['paromomycin', 'gentamicin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Management and outcome : The patient was initially treated with bortezomib and dexamethasone for the myeloma .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['bortezomib', 'dexamethasone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Majority of the interventions were to stop the antimicrobial therapy ( 30.3 % ) , and the most common audited antimicrobials was Piperacillin/Tazobactam ( 25.5 % ) , followed by Meropenem ( 11.82 % ) , Amoxicillin/Clavulanate and Vancomycin ( 8.18 % ) respectively .",[]
Clinical Development of the CDK4/6 Inhibitors Ribociclib and Abemaciclib in Breast Cancer .,[]
We retrospectively evaluated 52 metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients who were treated with nivolumab plus ipilimumab between August 2015 and January 2020 .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['nivolumab', 'ipilimumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Microdialysis-based pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated that administration of the P-gp inhibitor cyclosporin A resulted in increased brain levels of escitalopram without altering plasma escitalopram levels in the rat , thereby showing that P-gp restricts escitalopram transport across the blood-brain barrier ( BBB ) in vivo .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cyclosporin', 'escitalopram'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
The combination of mezlocillin and an aminoglycoside produced synergy more often than did carbenicillin plus an aminoglycoside .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['mezlocillin', 'aminoglycoside'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [1, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Eligible patients ( n = 17 ) were divided into 2 groups receiving a combined chemotherapy of intravenous cisplatinum ( 70 mg/m2 ) and cyclophosphamide ( 700 mg/m2 ) with or without the addition of Lenograstim .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cisplatinum', 'cyclophosphamide', 'Lenograstim'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [0, 1], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In particular , caspofungin for invasive candidiasis and voriconazole for invasive aspergillosis seem at least equivalent to amphotericin B. A clear advantage is the advent of lipid formulations of amphotericin B.",[]
"Ifosfamide at 12 g/m2 was administered by intravenous continuous infusion over 3 days , and doxorubicin 60 mg/m2 was administered as an intravenous bolus injection on day 1 .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Ifosfamide', 'doxorubicin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"A Randomized , Double-blind , Placebo-controlled Trial of Celecoxib Augmentation of Sertraline in Treatment of Drug-naive Depressed Women : A Pilot Study .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Celecoxib', 'Sertraline'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate susceptibility rates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex ( MTBC ) isolates against streptomycin , rifampicin , isoniazid , and ethambutol between January 1998 and December 2000 in the Turkish Army .",[]
"JAK2 ATP competitive inhibitors ( ruxolitinib , lestaurtinib , SAR302503 , SB1518 and CYT387 ) or drugs that indirectly inhibit the JAK-STAT pathway ( everolimus ) have documented major effects on splenomegaly and its constitutional symptoms .",[]
"We therefore tested second-generation inhibitors of the 20S proteasome ( delanzomib , carfilzomib and ixazomib ) with better pharmacologic profiles as well as compounds targeting regulators of ubiquitination ( b-AP15 , MLN4924 ) for their effectiveness and mechanism of action in GIST .",[]
"In seven patients with type B insulin resistance , standardized treatment with rituximab , cyclophosphamide , and pulse steroids results in remission of the disease .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['rituximab', 'cyclophosphamide', 'steroids'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"The purpose of this study was to determine the fertility rates following treatment by means of the BEACOPP regimen ( regular and escalated ) ( bleomycin , etoposide , doxorubicin , cyclophosphamide , vincristine , procarbazine , prednisone ) as compared to the ABVD regimen ( doxorubicin , vinblastine , dacarbazine , bleomycin ) in Hodgkin lymphoma patients under the age of 40 at the time of treatment .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['bleomycin', 'etoposide', 'doxorubicin', 'cyclophosphamide', 'vincristine', 'procarbazine', 'prednisone'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [8, 9, 10, 7], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The positive inotropism of DPDPE was abrogated in animals pretreated with propranolol , CGRP(8 - 37 ) , or combined propranolol+CGRP(8 - 37 ) .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['DPDPE', 'propranolol'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [0, 1, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"A case of Scedosporium apiospermum infection after BMT , treated initially with amphotericin B ( total dose of 2.5 g ) and then with itraconazole ( for 25 days ) , is reported here .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['amphotericin', 'itraconazole'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Thymidine Phosphorylase/β-tubulin III expressions predict the response in Chinese advanced gastric cancer patients receiving first-line capecitabine plus paclitaxel .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['capecitabine', 'paclitaxel'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"An equihypotensive dose of the calcium antagonist nifedipine had no significant effect ; however , EMD 52692 produced the same reduction in infarct size as had nicorandil .",[]
Intravesical epirubicin was generally tolerated as well as intravesical doxorubicin and was associated with a lower incidence of mild chemical cystitis in 1 clinical trial .,[]
Modeling of the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic interaction between irbesartan and hydrochlorothiazide in normotensive subjects .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['irbesartan', 'hydrochlorothiazide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"We tested to what extent preincubation with the ribonucleotide reductase inhibitors fludarabine ( F-ara-A ) and hydroxyurea ( HU ) enhanced ara-CTP levels in two human myeloid ( HL-60 , CMK ) and two lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines ( MOLT-4 , BLIN-1 ) and also in blasts from 28 children with acute leukemia ( AML : 14 , ALL : 14 ) .",[]
"In Group IV , the augmentation of Pdi by olprinone was abolished in the fatigued diaphragm with an infusion of nicardipine .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['olprinone', 'nicardipine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Telmisartan inhibited TPA-induced cell proliferation stronger than candesartan .,[]
"A single 1-g dose of oral azithromycin is as effective as a seven-day course of oral doxycycline , 100 mg twice a day , for the treatment of chlamydial infection .",[]
The side-effects of halofantrine and mefloquine were comparable and transient .,[]
"Significantly , green tea polyphenols , as well as several flavonoids such as genistein , curcumin and resveratrol , have also been shown to have chemo-sensitizing properties in prostate , breast , hepatic , and lung tumors .",[]
"In a 71 years-old patient , a severe therapy-resistant depressive episode without psychotic symptoms was successfully treated by a combination of paroxetine and risperidone .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['paroxetine', 'risperidone'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"While there is no standard of care for PBL , current recommendations include dose-adjusted EPOCH ( etoposide , vincristine , doxorubicin , cyclophosphamide , and prednisone ) , with or without bortezomib .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['etoposide', 'vincristine', 'doxorubicin', 'cyclophosphamide', 'prednisone'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Our report of a patient with severe tardive dyskinesia ( TD ) who has been exposed to both typical antipsychotic and clozapine , olanzapine and quetiapine during a 124-week follow-up period supports the possible beneficial effect of atypical antipsychotics on pre-existing symptoms of TD .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['clozapine', 'olanzapine', 'quetiapine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Paclitaxel plus bevacizumab in patients with chemosensitive relapsed small cell lung cancer : a safety , feasibility , and efficacy study from the Hoosier Oncology Group .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['Paclitaxel', 'bevacizumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"On day ten of admission , HIT panel was positive , and Dabigatran was changed to Lepirudin .",[]
"If in vivo testing confirms the in vitro effectiveness of azithromycin , it may prove to be the drug of choice for the treatment of scrub typhus in children and pregnant women , who should not take doxycycline , and in patients with refractory disease from locations where doxycycline-resistant strains of R. tsutsugamushi have been found .",[]
"Significantly , genes regulated by both formoterol and budesonide were overrepresented in the genome ; moreover , budesonide-plus-formoterol induced and repressed 609 and 577 mRNAs , respectively , of which ~1/3 failed the cut-off criterion for either treatment alone .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['formoterol', 'budesonide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic responses of lung cancer mice models with adenocarcinoma HCC827 ( gefitinib sensitive ) and HCC827R ( gefitinib resistant ) to the epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor erlotinib alone and in combination with the anti-angiogenesis agent bevacizumab using dynamic contrast enhanced ( DCE ) and diffusion-weighted MRI .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['gefitinib', 'erlotinib'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 2, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
", olmesartan medoxomil + amlodipine + HCTZ was more effective in reducing BP and achieving BP goals than each of the dual therapies , irrespective of hypertension severity , age , sex , race or diabetes mellitus status .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['olmesartan medoxomil', 'amlodipine', 'HCTZ'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of telmisartan and of hydrochlorothiazide following concurrent administration in healthy subjects .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['telmisartan', 'hydrochlorothiazide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The objective of the current study was to determine whether adding the mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor temsirolimus to sorafenib could improve on these results .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['temsirolimus', 'sorafenib'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The authors report the case of a 4-year-old boy with a diagnosis of stage IV neuroblastoma ( NB ) , who had been treated with 6 cycles of cyclophosphamide , doxorubicin , cisplatin , and etoposide for 12 months .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['cyclophosphamide', 'doxorubicin', 'cisplatin', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Days of utilization , adherence ( proportion of days covered ≥0.8 ) , and discontinuation ( non-use for ≥30 days immediately prior to BP measurement ) of three statins ( atorvastatin , pravastatin , and simvastatin ) over a period of up to 2 years was monitored retrospectively from electronic databases .",[]
"Due to dose-limiting toxicity ( DLT ) in both patients ( elevated transaminases and thrombocytopenia ) , an additional three patients were treated on dose level -1 with trabectedin 0.7 mg/m2 plus gemcitabine 700 mg/m2 .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['trabectedin', 'gemcitabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Compared with alemtuzumab , bendamustine was considered to be a dominant treatment providing greater benefit ( 6.10 versus 5.37 life years and 4.02 versus 3.45 QALYs ) at lower cost ( $ 78,776 versus $ 121,441 ) .",[]
"He accepted surgical resection with followed multi-agent chemotherapy , containing vincristine , doxorubicin , ifosfamide and etoposide .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['vincristine', 'doxorubicin', 'ifosfamide', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The gemcitabine and mitoxantrone regimen was feasible to administer even in heavily pre-treated patients .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['gemcitabine', 'mitoxantrone'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"The aim of this study was to evaluate four phytocompounds ( cinnamaldehyde , citral , eugenol and geraniol ) for their in vitro inhibitory activity against pre-formed biofilms of Candida albicans alone or in combination with fluconazole and amphotericin B. These compounds were also tested at subinhibitory concentrations for their ability to inhibit biofilm formation .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cinnamaldehyde', 'fluconazole'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Neoadjuvant trastuzumab , pertuzumab , and chemotherapy versus trastuzumab emtansine plus pertuzumab in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer ( KRISTINE ): a randomised , open-label , multicentre , phase 3 trial .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['trastuzumab', 'pertuzumab', 'trastuzumab emtansine', 'pertuzumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"≥ 3 adverse events ( AE ) than cetuximab and conatumumab , neutropenia than conatumumab , and fatigue than cetuximab .",[]
"Ultimately , the patient was successfully treated with combination therapy of Liposomal amphotericin B and Miltefosine without any relapse .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['amphotericin', 'Miltefosine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"However , verapamil significantly increased the sensitivity to etoposide , doxorubicin and vincristine in cells highly expressing MRP gene .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['verapamil', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 3], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Based on available phase III randomized trials , anti-VEGF agents such as sunitinib , sorafenib , bevacizumab-based therapy , and mTOR-targeted agents such as temsirolimus and everolimus have been used in the treatment armamentarium for this disease .",[]
Synergy was observed in vitro when HCT-116 cells were treated over a broad range of doses of trametinib and palbociclib .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['trametinib', 'palbociclib'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Simultaneous automated determination of free and total sulfisoxazole and sulfamethoxazole in plasma and urine .,[]
"Background Epidemiological evidence is insufficient to draw conclusions on the impact of low-dose aspirin use on breast cancer risk , and the potential impact of other antiplatelet drugs such as clopidogrel needs to be explored .",[]
"Using a FOLFOXIRI ( 5-fluorouracil [ 5-FU ] , irinotecan , and oxaliplatin ) combination regimen , patients with metastatic colorectal cancer now have the possibility of longer survival , but disappointingly , with increased toxicities .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['5-FU', 'irinotecan', 'oxaliplatin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Combinations of antibodies with targeted drugs like ibrutinib , idelalisib , or lenalidomide are expected to replace chemotherapy-based combinations for treating CLL in the near future .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['antibodies', 'ibrutinib'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 3], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
The responses to quinine and mefloquine or halofantrine showed no correlation with each other .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['quinine', 'mefloquine'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In a phase II study , we treated 26 consecutive patients with refractory advanced sarcoma with ifosfamide and etoposide combination chemotherapy .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['ifosfamide', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
A case of delivery of healthy infant in breast cancer patient incidentally treated with goserelin acetate and tamoxifen during pregnancy .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['goserelin acetate', 'tamoxifen'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Treatment-naive patients with nonmetastatic N2 or N3 SCCHN were randomly assigned to CRT alone ( CRT arm ; docetaxel , fluorouracil , and hydroxyurea plus radiotherapy 0.15 Gy twice per day every other week ) versus two 21-day cycles of IC ( docetaxel 75 mg/m(2 ) on day 1 , cisplatin 75 mg/m(2 ) on day 1 , and fluorouracil 750 mg/m(2 ) on days 1 to 5 ) followed by the same CRT regimen ( IC + CRT arm ) .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['docetaxel', 'cisplatin', 'fluorouracil'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 1, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"A new method for the quantitative analysis by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry ( LC-MS/MS ) of five tyrosine kinase inhibitors ( afatinib , crizotinib , osimertinib , erlotinib and nintedanib ) used in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC ) was developed and validated in human plasma .",[]
The objective of this study was to compare the effect of sildenafil alone and sildenafil with bosentan on severity of tricuspid regurgitation and duration of hospitalization in new-borns with persistent pulmonary hypertension .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['sildenafil', 'bosentan'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In Crohn 's disease in remission after 6 months of azathioprine in combination with infliximab , 63.8 % of practitioners discontinued azathioprine .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['azathioprine', 'infliximab'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Anti-androgen receptor ASC-J9 versus anti-androgens MDV3100 ( Enzalutamide ) or Casodex ( Bicalutamide ) leads to opposite effects on prostate cancer metastasis via differential modulation of macrophage infiltration and STAT3-CCL2 signaling .,[]
Long-term outcome for men with androgen independent prostate cancer treated with ketoconazole and hydrocortisone .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['ketoconazole', 'hydrocortisone'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Randomized trial of betahistine mesilate tablets as augmentation for oxcarbazepine and carbamazepine in treating vestibular paroxysmia .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['betahistine', 'oxcarbazepine'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Sorafenib in combination with gemcitabine in recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer : a study of the Princess Margaret Hospital Phase II Consortium .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Sorafenib', 'gemcitabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Pharmacological inhibition of p70S6 K using the PI3K/mTOR inhibitor NVP-BEZ235 , the specific mTOR inhibitor Rapamycin and the specific p70S6 K inhibitor PF-4708671 potentiated Selumetinib effects in resistant cells .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Selumetinib', 'NVP-BEZ235'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 1], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [1, 3], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Vinorelbine , ifosfamide and cisplatin as first-line treatment in patients with inoperable non-small cell lung cancer .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Vinorelbine', 'ifosfamide', 'cisplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Two large Phase III trials conducted in the Americas and across Europe , Australia , and Asia showed lower cumulative pregnancy rates in the NOMAC/E2 groups compared to the drospirenone ( DRSP ) 3 mg in combination with ethinyl estradiol ( EE ) 30 µg ( DRSP/EE ) groups but this difference was not statistically significant .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['drospirenone', 'ethinyl estradiol'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Using 146 surgically resected specimens of NSCLC , p53 status was immunohistochemically evaluated , and in vitro chemosensitivity to 5-fluorouracil ( 5-Fu ) , cisplatin ( CDDP ) , mitomycin C ( MMC ) , etoposide ( VP-16 ) , doxorubicin hydrochloride ( ADM ) , and vindesine sulfate ( VDS ) was examined by a collagen gel-droplet embedded culture drug sensitivity test ( CD-DST , Int J Oncol , 1997;11:449 ) .",[]
"The objective was to compare the pharmacodynamic ( PD ) and pharmacokinetic ( PK ) effects of ticagrelor with clopidogrel among subjects of Hispanic ethnicity , as the PD and PK effects of antiplatelet agents among Hispanics are not specifically known .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['ticagrelor', 'clopidogrel'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"For example , the renal excretion of methotrexate by glomerular filtration and tubular secretion is affected by a number of weak organic acids , such as probenecid , salicylates and penicillin , which compete for tubular secretion , resulting in delayed clearance of methotrexate .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['methotrexate', 'probenecid'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 3], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"To investigate the cardiac safety of adjuvant Non-Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin ( NPL-DOX ) combined to Cyclophosphamide ( CTX ) and followed by weekly Paclitaxel , in older patients ( ≥65 years ) with diagnosis of high risk breast cancer .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Doxorubicin', 'Cyclophosphamide', 'Paclitaxel'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The high incidence of imported malaria ( 0.70 % ) and the low costs of providing chemoprophylaxis resulted in a cost-benefit ratio of 0.19 for chloroquine and proguanil and 0.57 for a regimen containing mefloquine .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['chloroquine', 'proguanil'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Clinical trials suggest reduced benefit from the combination of cetuximab with oxaliplatin .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['cetuximab', 'oxaliplatin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
L-carnitine was administered 1 h before doxorubicin injection and daily thereafter for 15 days .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['L-carnitine', 'doxorubicin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
New chemotherapeutic agents such as gemcitabine appear to have the potential to produce better results than those achieved over the last 35 years with fluorouracil .,[]
"Comparative effectiveness of rituximab , abatacept , and tocilizumab in adults with rheumatoid arthritis and inadequate response to TNF inhibitors : prospective cohort study .",[]
"Recoveries of both amino acids were increased bilaterally by local perfusion with veratridine ( 100 microM , given under halothane anaesthesia ) , pretreatment with reserpine ( 4 mg/kg , i.p . , 24 h beforehand ) , unilateral pretreatment of the medial forebrain bundle with 6-OHDA ( 8 microg/4 microl ) , and by the systemic ( 1 mg/kg , i.p . ) or bilateral intrastriatal ( 7 microg/0.5 microl under halothane anaesthesia ) administration of the dopamine D2 receptor antagonist haloperidol , but not raclopride ( 2 mg/kg , i.p . ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['reserpine', 'veratridine'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [3, 5], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'NEG', 'spans': [5, 6], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Combined initial cyclophosphamide with repeated methylprednisolone pulse therapy for severe paraquat poisoning from dermal exposure .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cyclophosphamide', 'methylprednisolone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
These adverse effects were all more frequent than with docetaxel or pemetrexed .,[]
"Hyper-CVAD , given in odd-number courses ( Courses 1 , 3 , 5 , and 7 ) , was alternated with methotrexate and cytarabine ( MTX/Ara-C ) , given in even-number courses ( Courses 2 , 4 , 6 , and 8) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['methotrexate', 'cytarabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Despite systemic chemotherapy combining pemetrexed , bevacizumab and Cisplatinum , the disease relapsed eight months later with multiple metastatic lung nodules leading to a treatment shift .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['pemetrexed', 'bevacizumab', 'Cisplatinum'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Trastuzumab , which is still the first-line therapy in breast cancer , increases the pCR rate more than lapatinib .",[]
"Recently , several novel agents are under clinical development for advanced colorectal cancer , including irinotecan , oxaliplatin , oral fluoropyrimidines , raltitrexed , monoclonal antibody 17 - 1A and tumour vaccines .",[]
"Pretreatment with NaHCO3 , NH4Cl , SKF 525A , piperonyl butoxide , progesterone , cysteamine , phenobarbital or metyrapone prior to the administration of [methyl-14C]nicotine was studied .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['[methyl-14C]nicotine', 'metyrapone'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [8, 4], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Capecitabine is an oral pro-drug of fluorouracil .,[]
"However , the current artemisinin FDC products , such as β-artemether and lumefantrine , are inherently unstable and require controlled distribution and storage conditions , which are not always available in resource-limited settings .",[]
"Because the mass invaded the pancreas and superior mesenteric vein as well as duodenum and the disease was disseminated to liver and peritoneum , she received palliative chemotherapy using vincristine , doxorubicin , cyclophosphamide , ifosfamide , and etoposide .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['vincristine', 'doxorubicin', 'cyclophosphamide', 'ifosfamide', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"In HCV genotype 1 infection and F3 or F4 liver fibrosis , treatment with boceprevir or telaprevir in addition to pegylated interferon and ribavirin is recommended .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['boceprevir', 'pegylated interferon', 'ribavirin'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [1, 2, 3], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Membrane-modifying agents such as reserpine , calcium antagonists ( nicardipine , verapamil ) and calmodulin inhibitor ( trifluoperazine ) were found to enhance the cytotoxicity of ACNU in vitro and in vivo in ACNU-resistant C 6 ( C 6/ACNU ) glioma .",[]
"To investigate the efficacy of temozolomide in relation to response rate , toxicity , time to progression . and median survival time , a phase II study was conducted in patients with recurrent high-grade glioma following surgery plus radiotherapy and first-line chemotherapy based on nitrosourea , procarbazine and vincristine .",[]
"Ketoconazole inhibited the entire pathway , while exposure to genistein resulted in increased hormone levels upstream of 3-β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase ( 3β-HSD ) and decreases downstream .",[]
"Melphalan , cisplatin , carboplatin , doxorubicin , and etoposide cytotoxicities were determined by DIMSCAN assay .",[]
"As a treatment at the time of progression after pemetrexed-based chemotherapy , erlotinib conferred a survival benefit when compared to docetaxel ( p=0.024 ; hazard ratio , 0.377 ) .",[]
The combination of ifosfamide with oral etoposide appears to have significant but manageable toxicity and encouraging efficacy in platinum resistant ovarian cancer .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['ifosfamide', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"After switching from ranibizumab treatment to aflibercept , ORTs remained present in 75 % of eyes , and significant reductions in CMT , PED , and SRF , and presence of intraretinal cysts were observed .",[]
"Vinorelbine , gemcitabine , docetaxel , paclitaxel , and irinotecan are all new chemotherapeutic agents which have shown promising activity in this disease .",[]
"This Phase I , randomized , open-label study evaluated the gastric pH-altering effects of omeprazole , a proton pump inhibitor , and the CYP3A enzyme/P-glycoprotein (Pgp)-inhibitory effects of ritonavir , an HIV protease inhibitor , on the pharmacokinetics and safety of the hepatitis C virus ( HCV ) non-structural protein 5A ( NS5A ) inhibitor GSK2336805 in healthy male and female subjects .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['omeprazole', 'ritonavir', 'GSK2336805'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"This document attempts to provide reasonable guidance for the use of antimicrobials which have uncertain benefit but may increase risk of QT interval prolongation and ventricular proarrhythmia , notably , chloroquine , hydroxychloroquine , azithromycin , and lopinavir/ritonavir .",[]
Phase II study of weekly paclitaxel and sorafenib as second/third-line therapy in patients with adrenocortical carcinoma .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['paclitaxel', 'sorafenib'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"This study indicates that cyclophosphamide , doxorubicin , and methotrexate are , at best , marginally active as single agents , and new drugs with more efficacy are needed before combination chemotherapy can be expected to result in any meaningful prolongation of survival in non-small cell lung cancer .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cyclophosphamide', 'doxorubicin', 'methotrexate'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The combined treatment of curcumin and docetaxel inhibited the proliferation and induced apoptosis significantly higher than the curcumin and docetaxel-treated group alone .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['curcumin', 'docetaxel'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Previously , a study of ours showed that the combination of dabrafenib and trametinib improves progression-free survival compared with dabrafenib and placebo in patients with BRAF Val600Lys/Glu mutation-positive metastatic melanoma .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['dabrafenib', 'trametinib'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
compared to those for rats treated with trovafloxacin or clindamycin plus gentamicin,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['clindamycin', 'gentamicin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"We suggest topoisomerase II inhibition by Aroclor 1254 , trovafloxacin , doxorubicin , and etoposide to be responsible for significant co-localization of regulated genes through the inability of the stabilized enzyme complexes to religate DNA .",[]
"All but one received two induction courses of the 3 day-AVI ( doxorubicin 50 mg/m(2 ) day 1 , etoposide 120 mg/m(2 ) day 1 , 2 , 3 , ifosfamide 2000 mg/m(2 ) day 1 , 2 ) regimen .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['doxorubicin', 'etoposide', 'ifosfamide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Although anti-HER2 ( trastuzumab ) and anti-VEGFR ( ramucirumab ) may yield survival benefit , anti-EGFR and anti-HGFR therapies have failed to improve outcomes .",[]
"In the phase I trial , 19 patients received bolus doxorubicin ( 50 mg/m2 ) followed after a 16-hour interval by paclitaxel ( given at dose levels ranging from 130 to 250 mg/m2 ) by 3-hour infusion every 3 weeks , for a maximum of eight cycles .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['doxorubicin', 'paclitaxel'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"New monoclonal antibodies ( ofatumumab ) , second-generation proteasome inhibitors ( carfilzomib ) , mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors , and Bruton 's tyrosine kinase inhibitors are promising and may expand future treatment options .",[]
"Exposure of LLC-PK1 cells to hydrogen peroxide ( 2.5 mM ) resulted in a significant increase in the bleomycin-detectable iron ( iron capable of catalyzing free radical reactions ) content that was prevented by cimetidine , but not ranitidine .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['hydrogen peroxide', 'cimetidine'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'NEG', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Patients who did or did not respond to previous DIMARD therapy either on i.m . gold , D-Penicillamine or Chloroquine , did usually well when treated with Auranofin , even if severe side effects leading to withdrawal had occurred on previous therapy .",[]
"Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 centrally to either the docetaxel , prednisone , and custirsen combination or docetaxel and prednisone alone .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['docetaxel', 'prednisone', 'custirsen'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
[ Carboplatin and etoposide combination for the treatment of recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer ] .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Carboplatin', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"One-hour paclitaxel plus carboplatin in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer : results of a multicentre , phase II trial .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['paclitaxel', 'carboplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Preliminary data combining trastuzumab with the antiangiogenic antibody bevacizumab is encouraging ; this combination will be tested in both early stage and late stage disease .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['trastuzumab', 'bevacizumab'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"The immuno-oncology-based combinations with different types of immune checkpoint inhibitors ( PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 inhibitors such as nivolumab , pembrolizumab , atezolizumab , durvalumab , ipilimumab , tremelimumab ) , or the association of immune checkpoint inhibitors plus anti-angiogenic agents ( bevacizumab , lenvatinib , cabozantinib ) , have led to a breakthrough in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma .",[]
"A decrease in VEGF-A expression in the tumor node and salivary gland was found after monotherapy with melatonin and cyclophosphamide and , especially , after combined treatment , which proves maximum therapeutic efficiency of combined administration of chemical agents with various mechanisms of action .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['melatonin', 'cyclophosphamide'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"The combination of rituximab , bendamustine , and cytarabine ( R-BAC ) was highly active in a pilot trial of mantle cell lymphoma , but its use was restricted by high haematological toxicity .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['rituximab', 'bendamustine', 'cytarabine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Despite treatment with PH specific therapy ( sildenafil , ambrisentan , and epoprostenol ) , her condition worsened rapidly with acute right heart failure ( RHF ) .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['sildenafil', 'ambrisentan', 'epoprostenol'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Data from the present study show the feasibility and tolerability of combination ixabepilone plus carboplatin , with ixabepilone administered on day 1 or on days 1 and 8 on a 21-day cycle .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['ixabepilone', 'carboplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Compared to other glucose lowering agents except metformin , gliclazide was slightly more effective ( -0.13 % ( 95%CI : -0.25 , -0.02 , I(2 ) 55 % ) ) .",[]
"Thirteen stage III B and 13 stage IV patients received intermediate doses of ifosfamide ( 1000 mg/m2 ) , carboplatin ( 120 mg/m2 ) and etoposide ( 120 mg/m2 ) given intravenously on day 1 to 3 every 4 weeks .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['ifosfamide', 'carboplatin', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
This study compared immediate ( overnight ) and progressive switching to oxcarbazepine monotherapy in patients with partial seizures unsatisfactorily treated with carbamazepine monotherapy .,[]
"In conclusion , prasugrel can be used successfully in most patients with a history of clopidogrel hypersensitivity .",[]
"Fresh , clinical P. falciparum isolates were also tested in the presence of several drugs , including chloroquine , mefloquine , quinine , halofantrine , atovaquone and qinghaosu derivatives .",[]
The null hypothesis was there is no difference with respect to pain scores between ketorolac and iliac crest bupivacaine infusion as analgesic adjuncts to intravenous opioids .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['ketorolac', 'bupivacaine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Etoposide in combination with low-dose CAG ( cytarabine , aclarubicin , G-CSF ) for the treatment of relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia : a multicenter , randomized control trial in southwest China .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Etoposide', 'cytarabine', 'aclarubicin', 'G-CSF'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"were randomized in an open-label , crossover fashion to treatment A ( dolasetron 100 mg on day 1 ) and treatment B ( dolasetron 100 mg plus aprepitant 125 mg on day 1 , aprepitant 80 mg on days 2 - 3 ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['dolasetron', 'aprepitant'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The regimen of gemcitabine combined with ifosfamide and anthracycline is feasible , tolerable and effective in patients with recurrent platinum resistant/refractory epithelial ovarian cancer .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['gemcitabine', 'ifosfamide', 'anthracycline'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Second-line treatments consisted of cetuximab plus irinotecan for arm A , and oxaliplatin plus either 5-fluorouracil ( FOLFOX ) or capecitabine ( CapeOX ) for the control arms .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cetuximab', 'irinotecan'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [2, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [2, 4], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In the UT-EC-1 cell line the growth inhibition was 72 % with paclitaxel , 54 % with carboplatin and 73 % with the combination of these compounds .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['paclitaxel', 'carboplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Several lines of evidence implicate serotonin ( 5-HT ) as the mediator of this enhancement : ( 1 ) Tranyclypromine-enhanced nicotine reinforcement was blocked by the 5-HT₂ receptor antagonists , ritanserin and ketanserin ; ( 2 ) parachloroamphetamine ( PCA ) , a 5-HT releaser , also enhanced nicotine self-administration in animals in which MAO activity was inhibited ; ( 3 ) pretreatment with tranylcypromine increased PCA-induced 5-HT overflow in the nucleus accumbens .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['nicotine', 'ketanserin'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [2, 4], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [0, 5], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Measurement and simulation results obtained in the batch experiments , spiked with the diclofenac and carbamazepine content of preclarified municipal wastewater shows comparably high biotransformation rates in the presence of growth substrates .",[]
Ursodeoxycholic acid is conjugated with taurine to promote secretin-stimulated biliary hydrocholeresis in the normal rat .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Ursodeoxycholic acid', 'taurine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"This study assessed the efficacy and safety of telaprevir in combination with peginterferon-α-2b ( PEG IFN ) and ribavirin ( RBV ) , for Japanese difficult-to-treat patients with hepatitis C virus ( HCV ) genotype 2 who had not achieved sustained virological response ( SVR ) during prior treatment .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['telaprevir', 'peginterferon-α-2b'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"The binding affinity profile of 5-HT1D binding sites [ 5-CT > 5-HT > d-LSD > 5-MeOT > sumatriptan > RU 24,969 > metergoline > tryptamine = rauwolscine = methylsergide > yohimbine = methiothepin > TFMPP = 8-OH-DPAT > 2-methyl-5-HT > mCPP = quipazine = CP 93,129 > ketanserin > (-)-propranolol = haloperidol = ipsapirone ] compares well to that reported for 5-HT1D receptor sites in human caudate and cortex ( correlation coefficient : 0.99 and 0.98 ) .",[]
"The MX2 cells are cross-resistant to etoposide , teniposide , bisantrene , dactinomycin , 4'-(9-acridinylamino)methanesulfon-m-anisidide , and the anthracyclines daunorubicin and doxorubicin but retain sensitivity to the Vinca alkaloids melphalan and mitomycin C. In addition , the MX2 cells display slight collateral sensitivity to bleomycin .",[]
Combination of a betalactam antibiotic ( ampicillin or azlocillin ) or polymyxin B with rifampicin were studied with their administration in succession at various intervals in an experimental model of plague infection of albino mice .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['ampicillin', 'rifampicin'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [1, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [2, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Between August 1993 and September 1994 , 6010 patients were randomized to receive either reteplase ( n = 3004 ) or streptokinase ( n = 3006 ) .",[]
"In patients coinfected and treated for both HIV-1 and hepatitis C virus ( HCV ) , administration of ribavirin ( RBV ) may result in altered intracellular drug levels of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors through inhibition of inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase .",[]
"Previous treatments with rituximab and with rituximab plus high dose glucocorticoids , as well as with cyclophosphamide , azathioprine , plasma exchange , hyperbaric therapy , VAC therapy , prostacyclin , mycophenolate mofetil and surgery , had previously failed .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['rituximab', 'glucocorticoids'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'NEG', 'spans': [1, 2], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'NEG', 'spans': [1, 3], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"The decision to test a triple combination has led to the development of Fansimef , a fixed combination with tablets containing 250 mg mefloquine , 500 mg sulfadoxine and 25 mg pyrimethamine .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['mefloquine', 'sulfadoxine', 'pyrimethamine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The aim of this study was to evaluate three active agents , bleomycin ( BLM ) , epirubicin and carboplatin in a new combination ( BECA ) in terms of feasibility , activity and toxicity in patients with recurrent and metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['bleomycin', 'epirubicin', 'carboplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Survival Benefits of Second-line Axitinib Versus Everolimus After First Line Sunitinib Treatment in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma .,[]
"A phase II trial of cytarabine , cisplatin , and etoposide was conducted in 38 patients with refractory stage III and IV non-Hodgkin 's lymphoma .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['cytarabine', 'cisplatin', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The combination of camrelizumab plus gemcitabine and cisplatin has a manageable toxicity profile and promising preliminary antitumour activity for this disease in treatment-naive patients .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['camrelizumab', 'gemcitabine', 'cisplatin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"His infection failed to respond to combinations of surgery , fluconazole and itraconazole .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['fluconazole', 'itraconazole'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The protective effect of tianeptine against PTZ seizures was mitigated when tianeptine was administered with naloxone .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['tianeptine', 'naloxone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Twenty-one trials involving 3646 patients were included : 11 trials using beta-blockers ( 6 drugs ; 866 patients ) , 6 clonidine or mivazerol ( 614 patients ) , 3 diltiazem or verapamil ( 121 patients ) , and 1 nitroglycerin ( 45 patients ) .",[]
"The sensitivity of human neuroblastoma-derived cell lines , cell line-derived , and patient-derived xenograft ( PDX ) models with varying ALK statuses to crizotinib combined with topotecan and cyclophosphamide ( topo/cyclo ) was examined .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['crizotinib', 'topotecan', 'cyclophosphamide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Patients were randomised to either receive additional tretinoin ( 45mg/m(2)/day ) for 12 weeks ( arm A ) , or peg-interferon and ribavirin alone ( arm B ) .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['ribavirin', 'peg-interferon'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
This study sought to determine the efficacy and toxicity of weekly paclitaxel and carboplatin in CUP .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['paclitaxel', 'carboplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
To investigate the presence of extended spectrum and metallo β-lactamases ( MBLs ) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates which are resistant to imipenem and ceftazidime that were isolated in a hospital in Mexico .,[]
"The patient achieved complete remission after two cycles of chemotherapy of daunorubicin , cytarabine and etoposide .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['daunorubicin', 'cytarabine', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"We included 10 pharmacological ( modafinil , intravenous immunoglobulin ( IVIg ) , pyridostigmine , lamotrigine , amantadine , prednisone ) and three non-pharmacological ( muscle strengthening , rehabilitation in a warm climate ( that is temperature ± 25 ° C , dry and sunny ) and a cold climate ( that is temperature ± 0 ° C , rainy or snowy ) , static magnetic fields ) studies with a total of 675 participants with PPS in this review .",[]
"Protection against CsA-induced PST cell death was afforded by reduction in extracellular calcium levels in the media or addition of the calcium entry antagonists : verapamil , nifedipine or diltiazem .",[]
This synergy was abrogated through siRNA knockdown of IkB. The synergistic effect of combining selinexor and bortezomib in vitro provides rationale for further investigation of this combination treatment for patients with high-risk neuroblastoma .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['selinexor', 'bortezomib'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Therapy included 4 or 8 intensive therapy elements N1 ( Etoposide 125 mg/m2 day 1 - 4 , Vindesine 3 mg/m2 day 1 , Cisplatin 40 mg/m2 day 1 - 4 ) and N2 ( Vincristine 1.5 mg/m2 day 1 + 8 , Dacarbazine 200 mg/m2 day 1 - 5 , Ifosfamide 1500 mg/ m2 day 1 - 5 , Doxorubicin 30 mg/m2 day 6 + 7 ) in alternating order .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Etoposide', 'Cisplatin', 'Vindesine'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [2, 3, 4, 5], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Mycophenolate mofetil , the prodrug of mycophenolic acid , is widely used for maintenance immunosuppressive therapy in renal transplant recipients .",[]
Efficacy and safety of tacrolimus and low-dose prednisone in Chinese children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['tacrolimus', 'prednisone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Vandetanib inhibited hENT1 , hENT2 , hCNT1 , hCNT2 , and hCNT3 , whereas erlotinib inhibited hENT1 and hCNT3 and gefitinib inhibited hENT1 and hCNT1 .",[]
Genistein reduced Bcl-2 phosphorylation triggered by paclitaxel and vincristine without changing Bax protein expression .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Genistein', 'paclitaxel'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Combinations of antibiotics with gentamicin or rifampin in vitro did not significantly alter the killing rate but prevented emergence of subpopulations resistant to the latter .,[]
This Nordic multicenter phase II study evaluated the efficacy and safety of oxaliplatin combined with the Nordic bolus schedule of fluorouracil ( FU ) and folinic acid ( FA ) as first-line treatment in metastatic colorectal cancer .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['oxaliplatin', 'fluorouracil', 'folinic acid'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In xenograft studies , the combination of trastuzumab plus letrozole is equally effective in inhibiting growth of MCF-7Ca tumors as letrozole alone .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['trastuzumab', 'letrozole'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Reduction of rpS6 expression in Jurkat and HeLa cells attenuated apoptosis induced by TRAIL , but not those by other cell death signals , including tumor necrosis factor-alpha and cycloheximide , etoposide , doxorubicin , tunicamycin and staurosporine .",[]
"The patient showed a substantial response to treatment with a combination of antimicrobial therapies consisting of clarithromycin , amikacin , and cefoxitin for 6 months .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['clarithromycin', 'amikacin', 'cefoxitin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
The methods have been utilized to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of oral dosage forms containing levodopa and carbidopa .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['levodopa', 'carbidopa'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Increasing the temperature from 60 ° C to 100 ° C decreased the half-life of amoxicillin ( 372 to 50 min ) , ampicillin ( 741 to 26 min ) , cloxacillin ( 367 to 46 min ) , and penicillin G ( 382 to 43 min ) .",[]
Contribution of moxifloxacin or levofloxacin in second-line regimens with or without continuation of pyrazinamide in murine tuberculosis .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['moxifloxacin', 'pyrazinamide'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [1, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"High-level resistance to quinolones was frequently observed ( 21 % ) , but resistance to erythromycin ( 3 % ) and tetracycline ( 5 % ) was rare .",[]
"The addition of tamoxifen did not worsen the known side effects of gefitinib , or induce additional side effects .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['tamoxifen', 'gefitinib'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
A topical combination of 0.25 % finasteride and 3 % minoxidil may be a promising option in the treatment of FPHL with an additional benefit of increasing hair diameter .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['finasteride', 'minoxidil'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
This report is the first about the long-term use of dasatinib in patients with Ph+ all and mrd elevation but hematologic remission during imatinib chemotherapy .,[]
Acute verapamil toxicity in a patient with chronic toxicity : possible interaction with ceftriaxone and clindamycin .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['verapamil', 'ceftriaxone', 'clindamycin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Eighty-three patients were treated with rituximab , cyclophosphamide , doxorubicin , vincristine , prednisone ( R-CHOP ) , 7 with rituximab , etoposide , cyclophosphamide , doxorubicin , vincristine , prednisone ( R-EPOCH ) , and 6 with R-CHOP with methotrexate , 3 g/m(2 ) .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['rituximab', 'cyclophosphamide', 'doxorubicin', 'vincristine', 'prednisone'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'NEG', 'spans': [6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'NEG', 'spans': [12, 13], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"More active therapies are needed for older and unfit patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia ( CLL ) who are not eligible for chemoimmunotherapy with fludarabine , cyclophosphamide , and rituximab .",[]
"Among them , 18 ( 85.7 % ) patients had disease control with gefitinib and 12 ( 57.1 % ) patients with salvage erlotinib .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['gefitinib', 'erlotinib'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In addition to its reproductive function , kisspeptin signalling is also involved in extra-hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal ( HPG ) axis systems , including oxytocin and arginine vasopressin ( AVP ) secretion .",[]
The combination of volasertib with pemetrexed did not improve efficacy compared with pemetrexed monotherapy .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['volasertib', 'pemetrexed'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"A phase I/II study was carried out to determine the maximum tolerated dose of paclitaxel ( Taxol ; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company , Princeton , NJ ) in combination with a fixed dose of carboplatin ( area under the concentration-time curve = 6 by Calvert method ) given on an every-3-week schedule to patients with non-small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['paclitaxel', 'carboplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
These results suggest that therapy with insulin plus dexamethasone but not therapy with leptin is beneficial for diabetics .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['dexamethasone', 'insulin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"After the first course of treatment , a statistically significant improvement ( p = 0.002 ) in the psychological subscale scores was observed after ondansetron compared with metoclopramide .",[]
"The rate of grade 3 or 4 neutropenia was higher in the venetoclax-rituximab group than in the bendamustine-rituximab group , but the rates of grade 3 or 4 febrile neutropenia and infections or infestations were lower with venetoclax than with bendamustine .",[]
This study investigated the efficacy and toxicity associated with consolidation chemotherapy using paclitaxel and carboplatin after concurrent chemoradiation ( CCR ) in cervical cancer patients .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['paclitaxel', 'carboplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"These secondary leukemias associated with topoisomerase II inhibitors ( most commonly teniposide , etoposide , or doxorubicin ) have distinct clinical and biologic features which have led to the speculation that they are induced by treatment with topoisomerase II inhibitors .",[]
"In the intention to treat analysis , 14 patients receiving praziquantel were cured compared with none with mefloquine , one with artesunate ( odds ratio 0·03 , 95 % CI 0·004 - 0·29 ) , one with mefloquine-artesunate ( 0·03 , 0·004 - 0·29 ) , and 19 with tribendimidine ( 1·87 , 0·60 - 5·85 ) .",[]
"Cladribine with Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor , Cytarabine , and Aclarubicin Regimen in Refractory/Relapsed Acute Myeloid Leukemia : A Phase II Multicenter Study .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Cladribine', 'Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor', 'Cytarabine', 'Aclarubicin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In guinea pig trachea and human bronchial smooth muscle , SALM was more potent than isoprenaline ( ISO ) , salbutamol ( SALB ) , and clenbuterol ( CLEN ) .",[]
Combining erlotinib with doxorubicin or docetaxel or SN-38 resulted in additive or even synergistic antiproliferative effects .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['erlotinib', 'doxorubicin'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 3], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Importantly , the risk of neutropenia 14 days after initiation of treatment with artesunate plus amodiaquine was higher among HIV-infected children than among HIV-uninfected children ( 45 % vs. 6 % ; p < .001 ) .",[]
"During this period , blood pressure ( BP ) was monitored weekly , and daily rhythms of melatonin , corticosterone , leptin and testosterone were evaluated at the end of the experiment .",[]
"Offspring whose father filled at least one prescription of the following medications in the three months preceding conception were considered exposed : chloroquine , hydroxychloroquine , losartan , azithromycin , naproxen , dexamethasone and prednisone .",[]
"The present work is concerned with simultaneous determination of cefepime ( CEF ) and the co-administered drug , levofloxacin ( LEV ) , in spiked human plasma by applying a new approach , Savitzky-Golay differentiation filters , and combined trigonometric Fourier functions to their ratio spectra .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cefepime', 'levofloxacin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Forthcoming data from phase 3 placebo-controlled trials of everolimus , one focused on monotherapy for pancreatic NET and the other on combination use with octreotide LAR for patients with advanced NET and a history of carcinoid syndrome , will provide insight into its future place in NET therapy .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['everolimus', 'octreotide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The effects of prednisone and azathioprine on circulating immunoglobulin levels and lymphocyte subpopulations in normal dogs .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['prednisone', 'azathioprine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The analytical range for dihydroartemisinin , dihydroartemisinin-glucuronide and artesunate was 10 - 1000 ng/ml and for artemether 90 - 3000 ng/ml with a lower limit of quantification of 10 and 90 ng/ml , respectively .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['dihydroartemisinin', 'dihydroartemisinin-glucuronide', 'artesunate'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Amphotericin B MICs were reduced upon combination with rifabutin from a mean of 0.65 microg/ml to a mean of 0.16 microg/ml against Aspergillus , and from a mean of 0.97 microg/ml to a mean of 0.39 microLg/ml against Fusarium ( P < 0.000001 for both ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Amphotericin', 'rifabutin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Neoadjuvant therapy with gemcitabine plus doxorubicin results in a high tumor response rate with moderate oral and hematologic toxicity .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['gemcitabine', 'doxorubicin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Treatment of invasive sphenoidal aspergillosis is surgical , followed by antifungal therapy , mostly amphotericin B. To optimize the adjuvant antifungal treatment , which is often limited by severe side effects , the new triazole antifungal agent voriconazole with broad coverage of fungal pathogens including Aspergillus was investigated in a study of 4 patients with clinical , radiological and histological signs of invasive sphenoidal aspergillosis .",[]
"At cross over the ORR was 0 % and 18 % on cross over to vinorelbine and docetaxel respectively with a median TTP of 17.3 weeks ( 95 % CI , 16.3 - 18.1 ) and 18.7 weeks ( 95 % CI , 13.9 - 23.4 ) for those receiving vinorebine and docetaxel at cross over respectively .",[]
"The drugs approved in Europe for the systemic treatment of herpes zoster are aciclovir , valaciclovir , famciclovir and brivudine .",[]
"In this parallel group , randomized , double-blind study , 301 PD patients , the majority with motor fluctuations , received entacapone ( 200 mg ) or placebo with each daily dose of standard or controlled-release ( CR ) levodopa .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['entacapone', 'levodopa'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Importance of adding neomycin to metronidazole for bowel preparation .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['neomycin', 'metronidazole'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"The effects of metformin ( MET ) and curcumin ( CUR ) single treatments have been tested against breast cancer ; however , their combination has not been explored .",[]
"Warfarin was associated with a significantly higher risk of MB ( HR = 1.52 , 95 % CI = 1.14 - 2.04 ) , CRNM bleeding ( HR = 1.27 , 95 % CI = 1017.15 - 1.40 ) , and recurrent VTE ( HR = 1.50 , 95 % CI = 1.24 - 1.82 ) compared with apixaban .",[]
"A combination chemotherapy regimen containing mitomycin-C ( 10 mg/m2 , day 2 ) , vincristine ( 0.5 mg/m2 , days 1 and 4 ) , bleomycin ( 30 U QD , days 1 - -4 as a continuous intravenous infusion during courses one and two only ) , and cis-platinum ( 50 mg/m2 , days 1 and 22 ) was administered every 6 weeks to 14 evaluable patients with advanced ( i.e. , Stage IVB ) and/or recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['mitomycin-C', 'vincristine', 'bleomycin', 'cis-platinum'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Co-injection of the lowest doses of levobupivacaine and lidocaine dramatically increased the paw withdrawal latency .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['levobupivacaine', 'lidocaine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Inflammatory breast cancer ( IBC ) is a rare , aggressive form of breast cancer associated with HER2 amplification , with high risk of metastasis and an estimated median survival of 2.9 y. We performed an open-label , single-arm phase II clinical trial ( ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01325428 ) to investigate the efficacy and safety of afatinib , an irreversible ErbB family inhibitor , alone and in combination with vinorelbine in patients with HER2-positive IBC .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['afatinib', 'vinorelbine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Carboplatin and paclitaxel versus cisplatin , paclitaxel and doxorubicin for first-line chemotherapy of advanced ovarian cancer : a Hellenic Cooperative Oncology Group ( HeCOG ) study .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Carboplatin', 'paclitaxel'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [2, 3, 4], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"For susceptibility testing , DS-8587 exhibited more effective antibacterial activity when compared with ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['ciprofloxacin', 'levofloxacin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Since 1987 , we have evaluated carboplatin alone or in combination with etoposide in two separate phase II trials of patients with non-small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC ) who had not received prior chemotherapy .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['carboplatin', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Oral formulations of paclitaxel and docetaxel are of great interest , but have yet to receive regulatory approval in this disease .",[]
"FLAIE ( fludarabine , cytarabine , idarubicin , and etoposide ) , a four drug induction chemotherapy for adult acute myeloid leukemia : A single center experience .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['fludarabine', 'cytarabine', 'idarubicin', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Overall , our study shows that the combination of dabrafenib and cetuximab results in increased antitumor activity and decreased stem cell capacities in BRAF(V600E)-mutant CRC cells .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['dabrafenib', 'cetuximab'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Forty-seven patients with previously untreated metastatic or unresectable colorectal adenocarcinoma received capecitabine 1000 mg/m2 twice daily on days 2 - 15 and intravenous irinotecan 100 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8 , every 21 days .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['capecitabine', 'irinotecan'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Amphotericin B plus flucytosine were initially given to 4 patients , all of them developed liver and renal abnormalities to some degree after therapy .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['Amphotericin', 'flucytosine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Liposomes were surface modified with transferrin ( Tf ) for receptor targeting , and cell penetrating peptide PFVYLI ( PFV ) to increase translocation of doxorubicin ( Dox ) and Erlotinib ( Erlo ) across the BBB into glioblastoma ( U87 ) tumor cells .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['doxorubicin', 'Erlotinib'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Endpoints were determination of maximum tolerated dose of doxorubicin and etoposide , treatment tolerability , and survival .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['doxorubicin', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Multiple ongoing clinical trials are currently evaluating the role of immune checkpoint inhibitors in ACC ( pembrolizumab , combination pembrolizumab and relacorilant , nivolumab , combination nivolumab and ipilimumab ) .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['pembrolizumab', 'relacorilant'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [4, 5], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Treatments including the monoclonal antibodies showed a cost per month of PFS gained of 2823 € ( FOLFIRI with cetuximab in KRAS wild-type patients and liver-only metastases ) , of € 15,822 ( FOLFOX with panitumumab in KRAS wild type ) , and of 13,383 € ( FOLFOX with bevacizumab ) .",[]
"Several liposomal anthracyclines have been extensively studied in humans with a variety of cancer types , including TLC D-99 ( Myocet ; The Liposome Company , Elan Corporation , Princeton , NJ ) , liposomal daunorubicin ( Daunoxome ; NeXstar Pharmaceuticals , Inc , San Dimas , CA ) , and pegylated liposomal doxorubicin ( Doxil ; Alza Pharmaceuticals , Palo Alto , CA , Caelyx ; Schering Corporation , Kenilworth , NJ ) .",[]
"In this study , combined drug action from the combination of Oxa with the phytochemicals andrographolide ( Andro ) , epigallocatechin-3-gallate ( EGCG ) , chlorophyllin ( Chl ) , colchicines ( Col ) , curcumin ( Cur ) and paclitaxel ( Tax ) was evaluated in the human ovarian cancer cell lines A2780 and A2780(cisR ) .",[]
Bevacizumab and intetumumab can be administered safely in combination .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Bevacizumab', 'intetumumab'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"The key findings were that amsacrine produced comparable levels of cell killing with both alpha and beta , whilst etoposide , doxorubicin and mitoxantrone produced higher degrees of cell killing with alpha than with beta or yeast topoisomerase II .",[]
"In the full study population , there were significant improvements in the anastrozole group compared with the tamoxifen group for disease-free survival ( hazard ratio [ HR ] 0·91 , 95 % CI 0·83 - 0·99 ; p=0·04 ) , time to recurrence ( 0·84 , 0·75 - 0·93 ; p=0·001 ) , and time to distant recurrence ( 0·87 , 0·77 - 0·99 ; p=0·03 ) .",[]
"The optimal correlation coefficients for norfloxacin , enrofloxacin , and ofloxacin in the prediction set were obtained with multiple linear regression that combined absorption peaks with wavelengths selected by stepwise regression , which were 0.867 , 0.828 , and 0.964 , respectively .",[]
"The protocol consisted of oral gefitinib 250 mg daily for 1 year plus intravenous oxaliplatin 85 or 100 mg/m(2 ) on days 1 , 15 , and 29 , and RT ( 50.4 Gy in 28 1.8-Gy fractions ) .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['gefitinib', 'oxaliplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The efflux curves observed for both verapamil and prochlorperazine could be mathematically modeled by assuming,[]
"The in vitro concentration-effect relationships for , chloroquine , mefloquine , lumefantrine and artesunate , were derived from clinical isolates obtained from patients on the western border of Thailand .",[]
"Forty-eight patients were treated with mitoxantrone alone , 40 with mitoxantrone plus beta-interferon , 11 with fluorouracil plus folinic acid and the remaining four with adriamycin .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['mitoxantrone', 'beta-interferon'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [2, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Fifty-one HIV-negative patients with an average age of 50.3 years were treated with chemotherapy regimen included 2500 mg/m(2 ) MTX with Leucovorin rescue and 1.4 mg/m(2 ) vincristine ( day two ) , which was administered every other week for 6 weeks .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['Leucovorin', 'vincristine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Phase I study of decitabine with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide in children with neuroblastoma and other solid tumors : a Children 's Oncology Group study .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['decitabine', 'doxorubicin'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'NEG', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Tail-flick test showed that tramadol produced better antinociceptive effect than gabapentin .,[]
"Our study involves a preliminary phase II trial , which evaluates the activity , feasibility and tolerability of a sequential combination of docetaxel and gemcitabine followed by docetaxel and carboplatin , as first-line treatment for inoperable NSCLC .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['docetaxel', 'gemcitabine', 'carboplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The combination of galunisertib and sorafenib showed acceptable safety and a prolonged OS outcome .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['galunisertib', 'sorafenib'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"All the patients were conditioned with busulfan ( BU ) 12 mg.kg-1 and cyclophosphamide ( CY ) 3.6 g.m-2 , of whom 4 were conditioned with additioned antithymocyte globulin(ATG ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['busulfan', 'cyclophosphamide', 'antithymocyte globulin(ATG'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Phase II study of an intensive combination chemotherapy with cisplatin , adriamycin , etoposide and cyclophosphamide ( CAVE ) in small cell lung cancer .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cisplatin', 'adriamycin', 'etoposide', 'cyclophosphamide'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"These trials were compared with a broader set of trials examining the effectiveness of other AADs for AF : amiodarone , sotalol and class 1c agents ( flecainide and propafenone ) .",[]
"First-line PFS for sorafenib , sunitinib , temsirolimus , everolimus , and "" other "" was 6.9 , 8.9 , 4.2 , not analyzed ( too few patients ) , and 10.8 months , respectively .",[]
"Simultaneous treatment with gefitinib and pemetrexed enhanced cell growth inhibition and cell death and prevented the appearance of gefitinib resistance mediated by T790 M mutation or epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition ( EMT ) in PC9 and HCC827 cells , respectively .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['gefitinib', 'pemetrexed'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Two courses of eight drugs in 1 day followed by two courses of etoposide plus carboplatin ( 500 and 800 mg/m(2 ) per course , respectively ) were administered after surgery .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['etoposide', 'carboplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Azithromycin , doxycycline , and moxifloxacin hydrochloride were shown to relieve symptoms but were not as effective after continuous usage .",[]
"Travellers used doxycycline ( 15 % ) for malaria prophylaxis , 11 % took an antibiotic for travellers ' diarrhoea ( TD ) treatment ( fluoroquinolone 7 % , azithromycin 4 % ) .",[]
"3 . When timolol was administered concomitantly with hydrochlorothiazide , plasma renin activity was suppressed and blood pressure was significantly lowered .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['timolol', 'hydrochlorothiazide'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Phase I study combining treatment with temsirolimus and sunitinib malate in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['temsirolimus', 'sunitinib'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Both anastrozole ( 1.0 mg/d ) and letrozole ( 2.5 mg/d ) have now been approved as second-line treatment for hormone-dependent breast cancer in postmenopausal women in whom disease has progressed following tamoxifen treatment .,[]
"P-glycoprotein effluxes a variety of anticancer drugs , such as doxorubicin , vinca alkaloids , etoposide and taxol , and thereby allows cancer cells to show resistance to these drugs .",[]
"The H2-receptor antagonists dose-dependently inhibited the histamine-stimulated acid production ( IC50 for cimetidine = 10(-5 ) M and 10(-6 ) M and for ranitidine = 10(-5 ) M and 2 X 10(-7 ) M for high and low concentrations of histamine , respectively ) .",[]
"To examine the cost-effectiveness of aripiprazole , quetiapine , and olanzapine/fluoxetine in adults with MDD who are refractory to antidepressant therapy .",[]
"2 . The two combination treatment regimes lowered the 12 h post-dose blood pressure more effectively than did atenolol alone , but the high dose nifedipine combination was no more effective than the low dose nifedipine combination .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['atenolol', 'nifedipine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In addition , a variety of systemic chemotherapeutic agents have been tested in HCC , including various combinations of 5-fluorouracil , doxorubicin , epirubicin , etoposide , cisplatin , and mitoxantrone , as well as interferon , tamoxifen , capecitabine , thalidomide , and octreotide .",[]
A very reasonable first-choice antidepressant is either sertraline or paroxetine .,[]
"It is concluded that plasma lipid regulators which elevate HDL in this model might do so by altering the metabolism and hence plasma concentration of apoAI ( fenofibrate , ciprofibrate ) or both apo E and A-I ( gemfibrozil ) .",[]
To evaluate the effect of switching to bevacizumab or ranibizumab after developing tachyphylaxis during anti-vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) therapy for choroidal neovascularisation ( CNV ) .,[]
"Low-risk patients received three cycles of modified CODOX-M ( cyclophosphamide , doxorubicin , adriamycin , vincristine with intrathecal methotrexate and cytarabine followed by high-dose systemic methotrexate , regimen A ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cyclophosphamide', 'doxorubicin', 'vincristine', 'methotrexate', 'cytarabine', 'adriamycin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Background The National Wilms Tumor Study ( NWTS ) approach to treating stage III favorable-histology Wilms tumor ( FHWT ) is Regimen DD4A ( vincristine , dactinomycin , and doxorubicin ) and radiation therapy .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['vincristine', 'doxorubicin', 'dactinomycin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The role of serotonergic neurons in foot shock-induced jumping behavior was evaluated by studying the effects of serotonin agonists and depletors under conditions of increasing activity of catecholaminergic neurons by combining different shock intensities with methamphetamine or clonidine pretreatment .,[]
Enrolled patients received ADT in the form of leuprolide every 12 weeks for 24 months with bicalutamide initiating after the completion of chemotherapy .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['leuprolide', 'bicalutamide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Clinical studies have indicated the following relative potency differences : fluticasone propionate > budesonide = beclomethasone dipropionate > triamcinolone acetonide = flunisolide .,[]
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of lapatinib ( L ) and trastuzumab ( T ) combination in HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer ( MBC ) patients previously treated with T and/or L.,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['lapatinib', 'trastuzumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Meloxicam combined with sorafenib synergistically inhibits tumor growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells via ER stress-related apoptosis .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Meloxicam', 'sorafenib'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
We validated these initial findings in samples collected in a clinical trial comparing the nucleoside analog fludarabine alone or in combination with the alkylating agent cyclophosphamide in untreated CLL samples collected prior to starting therapy ( E2997 ) .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['fludarabine', 'cyclophosphamide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The antiviral agents ganciclovir and foscarnet are effective against CMV retinitis and gastrointestinal diseases , although dose-limiting adverse effects and the need for long-term maintenance therapy may hinder their use in many patients .",[]
Switching between metronidazole and clarithromycin seems to be a sensible strategy as these two are the most effective anti-Helicobacter agents .,[]
"Therefore , downregulation of bcl-2 or xIAP by RNAi enhances the effects of etoposide and doxorubicin .",[]
Cetuximab is a monoclonal antibody against EGFR with additive preclinical activity with irinotecan .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Cetuximab', 'irinotecan'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"A non-specific inhibitor of 5-HT reuptake , imipramine , did not produce this amnesic effect , nor did the combination of fenfluramine with the MAOI tranylcypromine , although it produced , as expected , the "" serotonergic syndrome . "" Results for the metabolic precursor of 5-HT , 5-HTP , also administered peripherally , were inconsistent , with amnesic effects seen at 5 and 20 mg/kg but none at 10 mg/kg .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['fenfluramine', 'tranylcypromine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Activity of irinotecan and temozolomide in the presence of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase inhibition in neuroblastoma pre-clinical models .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['irinotecan', 'temozolomide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"This is a phase II study of etoposide , vincristine , and doxorubicin , administered as a 96-hour continuous infusion , with intravenous ( IV ) bolus cyclophosphamide and oral prednisone ( EPOCH ) in 74 consecutive patients who relapsed from or failed to respond to most of the same drugs administered on a bolus schedule .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['etoposide', 'vincristine', 'doxorubicin', 'cyclophosphamide', 'prednisone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Based on the FIRM-ACT trial , mitotane plus etoposide , doxorubicin , and cisplatin is now the established first-line cytotoxic therapy .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['mitotane', 'etoposide', 'doxorubicin', 'cisplatin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Additionally , thorough analysis of the available literature indicates no correlation between dasatinib nor nilotinib dose , length of exposure , trimester of use , and deleterious patient or fetal outcomes can be concluded .",[]
The principal toxicity was myelosuppression ; grade 4 neutropenia was more frequent with topotecan ( 81.4 % of patients ) than with paclitaxel ( 22.9 % of patients ) .,[]
"Consistent with previous reports , genistein combined with doxorubicin had a synergistic effect on MCF-7/Adr cells , and genistein reduced the chemoresistance of these cells .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['genistein', 'doxorubicin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"This historical cohort study evaluated the association of efavirenz ( EFV ) compared to nevirapine ( NVP ) with post-ART TB among patients initiated on first-line ART from 2005 to 2009 in a large , urban HIV clinic in Uganda .",[]
Combination of ibrutinib and ublituximab ( n = 64 ) had an ORR of 78 % ( CR 7 % ) in a phase 3 study .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['ibrutinib', 'ublituximab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Overall median effective concentration ( EC50 ) values ranged from 0.22 mg/L to 86 mg/L. Pseudomonas putida was the most sensitive organism ( EC50 values for 16-h growth inhibition were 0.22 and 0.82 mg/L for oxytetracycline and flumequine , respectively ) , followed by duckweed Lemna minor ( 7-d growth inhibition , EC50 2.1 and 3.0 mg/L ) and green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata ( 4-d growth inhibition , EC50 3.1 and 2.6 mg/L ) .",[]
"This review therefore aims to overview the prognostic value of MRD eradication in CLL , the role of post-remission intervention with "" passive "" immunotherapy ( alemtuzumab or rituximab ) so as to eliminate persistent MRD or prevent MRD relapse , the impact of these strategies on disease-free survival and their possible adverse consequences .",[]
"Paclitaxel , 5-fluorouracil , hydroxyurea , and concomitant radiation therapy for poor-prognosis head and neck cancer .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['Paclitaxel', '5-fluorouracil', 'hydroxyurea'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The results suggest that the superior efficacy of nivolumab plus ipilimumab over sunitinib was maintained in intermediate-risk or poor-risk and intention-to-treat patients with extended follow-up , and show the long-term benefits of nivolumab plus ipilimumab in patients with previously untreated advanced renal cell carcinoma across all risk categories .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['nivolumab', 'ipilimumab'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Clonogenic assays showed that preexposure to hypoxia leads to resistance to various classes of chemotherapeutic agents , including anthracyclines ( daunorubicin and doxorubicin ) , epipodophyllotoxins ( etoposide ) , and anthracenediones ( mitoxantrone ) .",[]
"Hence , the aim of this study was to conduct an economic evaluation of anastrozole versus tamoxifen in early stage breast cancer .",[]
"A randomized trial of mobilization of peripheral blood stem cells with cyclophosphamide , etoposide , and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor with or without cisplatin in patients with malignant lymphoma receiving high-dose chemotherapy .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['cyclophosphamide', 'etoposide', 'cisplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Treatment of pancreatic cancer with a combination of docetaxel , gemcitabine and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor : a phase II study of the Greek Cooperative Group for Pancreatic Cancer .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['docetaxel', 'gemcitabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Such situations are known as exposing to pneumococcal meningitis and to resistance of the strain involved to penicillin G. Both patients were cured by vancomycin in continuous infusion associated with rifampicin or fosfomycin .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['vancomycin', 'rifampicin', 'fosfomycin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"We recently identified a unique site within the MLL bcr that is highly susceptible to DNA double-strand cleavage by classic topo II inhibitors ( e.g. , etoposide and doxorubicin ) .",[]
"In 2011 , the combination of rituximab with bendamustine ( 31 % ) was most frequent used followed by the rituximab-fludarabine-cyclophosphamide ( 22 % ) regime .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['rituximab', 'bendamustine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The combination of ofatumumab and bendamustine in elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma demonstrated modest efficacy compared with standard of care .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['ofatumumab', 'bendamustine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Imatinib and nilotinib directly inhibit the kinase activity of KIT , while RAD001 ( everolimus ) inhibits mTOR .",[]
"In this study the antiproliferative effects of Paclitaxel ( PAC ) , Epirubicin ( EPI ) and Tamoxifen ( TAM ) on growth kinetics of Ehrlich Ascites Tumor ( EAT ) cells were examined in culture .",[]
The most common chemotherapy and route of administration for systemic treatment is paclitaxel plus carboplatin given intravenously .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['paclitaxel', 'carboplatin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Finally , the ability of givinostat , belinostat and panobinostat to reactivate latent HIV-1 expression in primary T-cells was investigated employing a CCL19-induced latent primary CD4 + T cell infection model .",[]
"Aflibercept has been used in combination with folinic acid (leucovorin)-fluorouracil-irinotecan ( FOLFIRI ) chemotherapy in mCRC patients and among patients with mCRC with wild-type KRAS , the outcomes were significantly improved by panitumumab in combination with folinic acid (leucovorin)-fluorouracil-oxaliplatin ( FOLFOX ) or FOLFIRI .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['panitumumab', 'folinic acid'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [0, 1], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The current mainstay of systemic treatment for patients with metastatic or unresectable disease remains doxorubicin with or without ifosfamide in the first-line setting .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['doxorubicin', 'ifosfamide'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
All patients received intravenous heparin after PTCA and aspirin was begun on the day prior to PTCA .,[]
"In this article , we summarize available literature evidence on different chemotherapy agents used beyond the first-line , in locally advanced or MBC patients , including rechallenge with anthracyclines and taxanes , antimetabolite and antimicrotubule agents , such as vinorelbine , capecitabine , eribulin , ixabepilone , and the newest developed agents , such as vinflunine , irinotecan , and etirinotecan .",[]
"After an initial 6 - 8 weeks of metformin , they received either letrozole ( 2.5 mg ) or clomiphene ( 100 mg ) from day 3 - 7 of their menstrual cycle .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['metformin', 'letrozole'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"No study has evaluated the significance of CD30 expression in DLBCL patients treated with rituximab , etoposide , prednisone , vincristine , cyclophosphamide , and doxorubicin ( R-EPOCH ) .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['rituximab', 'etoposide', 'prednisone', 'vincristine', 'cyclophosphamide', 'doxorubicin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Although MAPK/ERK1/2 kinase inhibitors ( MEKi ) are useful antitumor agents in a clinical setting , including the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved MEK1,2 dual inhibitors cobimetinib and trametinib , there are limitations to their clinical utility , primarily adaptation of the BRAF pathway and ocular toxicities .",[]
"Suggested evidence linking the association of the drug to the event includes knowing that Panitumumab and Irinotecan can contribute to all other possible causes of cardiac arrest , temporal relationship and pharmacological time plausibility , and recognized association with the product or the class .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['Panitumumab', 'Irinotecan'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"This study was designed to evaluate the effect of aprotinin on activated versus nonactivated whole blood clotting time using two different on-site methods and to quantify these anticoagulant properties when compared to heparin in a controlled , in vitro environment .",[]
"Cyclophosphamide , mitoxantrone , fluorouracil versus conventional CMF as adjuvant treatment in node-positive breast cancer patients .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Cyclophosphamide', 'mitoxantrone', 'fluorouracil'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"After the operation , an alternating vincristine , doxorubicin , and cyclophosphamide/ifosfamide and etoposide ( IE ) regimen was given for eight cycles , and the patient survived for 66 mo without progression .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['vincristine', 'doxorubicin', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"A total of 34 patients with androgen-independent prostate cancer received doxorubicin , 30 mg/m(2 ) , every 2 weeks and ketoconazole daily , 400 mg orally every 8 hours .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['doxorubicin', 'ketoconazole'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"All 35 patients were treated with the ANLL91 protocol consisting of etoposide , high-dose cytarabine , and anthracyclines .",[]
"Three first-line drugs are recommended , pegylated interferon alfa-2a , entecavir and tenofovir .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['pegylated interferon alfa-2a', 'entecavir', 'tenofovir'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Whereas fluoxetine showed the highest level of specificity , followed by citalopram and fluvoxamine , the effect of paroxetine was nonspecific .",[]
A countercurrent seepage bioreactor immobilized with Phanerochaete chrysosporium was continuously operated under non-sterile conditions to treat a synthetic wastewater spiked with naproxen and carbamazepine ( 1000μg/L each ) for 165days .,[]
A phase 1/2 trial of tivozanib in combination with durvalumab is currently underway .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['tivozanib', 'durvalumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Health-related quality of life of patients with advanced breast cancer treated with everolimus plus exemestane versus placebo plus exemestane in the phase 3 , randomized , controlled , BOLERO-2 trial .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['everolimus', 'exemestane'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Phase 2 study of irinotecan and paclitaxel in patients with recurrent or refractory small cell lung cancer .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['irinotecan', 'paclitaxel'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Administration of artesunate and artemether at a dose of 400mg/kg to O. viverrini-infected hamsters resulted in worm burden reductions of 77.6 % and 65.5 % , respectively .",[]
"Whereas no effect on proliferation , cell culture density , or cell cycle was detected , the transfectants were more resistant than the parental cell line to apoptosis induced by chemotherapeutic agents including etoposide , daunorubicin , doxorubicin , cytosine arabinoside , methotrexate and vincristine and also to apoptosis induced by Fas/CD95 cross-linking .",[]
"This was a multicenter phase II pilot study of rituximab and modified hyper-fractionated cyclophosphamide , vincristine doxorubicin , dexamethasone ( modified R-hyperCVAD ) administered every 28 days for four to six cycles followed by rituximab maintenance therapy consisting of four weekly doses every 6 months for 2 years .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['rituximab', 'cyclophosphamide', 'vincristine', 'doxorubicin', 'dexamethasone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The first line of treatment is selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ( dapoxetine , which is the only drug with an official label for this indication , paroxetine , sertraline , fluoxetine , citalopram , escitalopram ) .",[]
"This trial will close to accrual in September 1995 , and analysis of the trial should provide useful information regarding the potential synergy of doxorubicin and paclitaxel , the degree of cross-resistance between the two compounds , and the relationship between steady-state paclitaxel levels and response to therapy .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['doxorubicin', 'paclitaxel'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Neither systolic nor diastolic BP during daytime differed between losartan and quinapril treatments , but those during nighttime were lower with losartan treatment than with quinapril treatment .",[]
"Ferrochloroquine was 35 times more active than chloroquine ( 35-fold greater against chloroquine-resistant isolates ) , quinine , mefloquine , amodiaquine , cycloguanil and pyrimethamine .",[]
26 patients received adjuvant chemotherapy ( carboplatin plus etoposide ) .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['carboplatin', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
A concentration-dependent effect of venetoclax on PFS and a prolonged synergistic effect of 6 cycles of concomitant rituximab were identified .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['venetoclax', 'rituximab'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Carboplatin plus taxanes are non-inferior to epirubicin plus cyclophosphamide followed by taxanes as adjuvant chemotherapy for early triple-negative breast cancer .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Carboplatin', 'taxanes'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [2, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Comparative study of ceftriaxone monotherapy versus a combination regimen of cefuroxime plus gentamicin for treatment of serious bacterial infections : the efficacy , safety and effect on fecal flora .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['cefuroxime', 'gentamicin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"A phase 1b , dose escalation study was performed to assess maximum tolerated dose , safety/toxicity , clinical efficacy and explored pharmacodynamic biomarkers of response to entinostat combined with lapatinib with or without trastuzumab .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['entinostat', 'lapatinib', 'trastuzumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Objective and palliative effect of chemotherapy is marked for weekly doxorubicin , prednisone with mitoxantrone and etoposide associated with platin-salts for prostatic carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['doxorubicin', 'prednisone', 'mitoxantrone', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The recommendations derived from the comprehensive assessment of the literature and guidelines are to continue NSAIDs and low dose aspirin , and phosphodiesterase inhibitors ( dipyridamole , cilostazol , Aggrenox ) during interventional techniques .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['aspirin', 'dipyridamole'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Enhanced growth-inhibiting effects were also observed in HCC cells treated with a combination of sorafenib and silibinin .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['sorafenib', 'silibinin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
The effects of the Acanthopanax obovatus polysaccharide ( AOPS ) as well as its combination with cyclophosphamide ( CY ) or prednisolone on immune responses were investigated in mice .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Acanthopanax obovatus polysaccharide', 'cyclophosphamide'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
We did the QuiRedex study to compare early treatment with lenalidomide plus dexamethasone with observation in patients with high-risk smouldering multiple myeloma .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['lenalidomide', 'dexamethasone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Of the patients , 26 were treated with a chemotherapy regimen known to cause prolonged and sometimes permanent azoospermia ( BEACOPP -- bleomycin , etoposide , doxorubicin , cyclophosphamide , vincristine , procarbazine , and prednisolone ) and 26 with a regimen known to have a much milder effect on gonadal function ( ABVD -- doxorubicin , bleomycin , vincristine , and dacarbazine ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['bleomycin', 'vincristine', 'dacarbazine', 'doxorubicin'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'NEG', 'spans': [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Tissue from preclinical models and patients ' biopsies were collected pre-treatment and on Cycle ( C ) 1 , Day ( D ) 9 to characterize the effect of gemcitabine and salirasib on activated Ras protein levels .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['gemcitabine', 'salirasib'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
An isocratic liquid chromatographic method with UV detection at 210 nm is described for simultaneous determination of amoxicillin sodium and sulbactam sodium in a new combination formulation .,[]
The difference in inhibitory potency of parent drugs and metabolites was higher for halofantrine than for mefloquine .,[]
"In total , 417 patients were included : 312 ( 74·8 % ) received vancomycin and 105 ( 25·2 % ) received daptomycin .",[]
"The effect of dasatinib , an inhibitor of Src and Abl kinases , on paclitaxel sensitivity was measured in ovarian cancer cells and HEY xenografts .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['dasatinib', 'paclitaxel'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The maximum tolerated dose ( MTD ) was 20 mg/m2/day I.V. bolus for 5 days of fludarabine plus 60 mg/m2/day I.V. of paclitaxel given as a continuous infusion over 72 hours .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['fludarabine', 'paclitaxel'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Further studies are needed to identify predictors of response and toxicity to this approach , as well as the optimal scheduling of ipilimumab with maintenance nivolumab .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['ipilimumab', 'nivolumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Efficacy of palonosetron plus aprepitant in preventing chemoradiotherapy-induced nausea and emesis in patients receiving daily low-dose cisplatin-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy for uterine cervical cancer : a phase II study .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['palonosetron', 'aprepitant'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Pre/peri/postmenopausal women with HR+/HER2- MBC were randomized 2:1 to fulvestrant ( 500 mg ) and either palbociclib ( 125 mg/day ; 3 weeks on/1 week off ; n = 347 ) or placebo ( n = 174 ) . Prespecified exploratory analyses compared the efficacy ( data cutoff : October 23 , 2015 ) , safety , and pharmacokinetics ( data cutoff : December 5 , 2014 ) in Japanese women versus the overall population .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['fulvestrant', 'palbociclib'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"was lowest in the propofol + dexmedetomidine group ( all , P < 0.05 ) , and the AUC of pulse oximetry was significantly higher in the propofol + dexmedetomidine and propofol + ketamine groups compared to the other 2 groups ( both , P < 0.05 ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['propofol', 'ketamine'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [0, 1, 2, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Ethosuximide primarily acts by blocking T-type voltage-gated calcium channels in thalamic neurones while topiramate and zonisamide have multiple mechanisms of action .,[]
"Patients aged 15 to 60 years , presenting with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia ( AML ) were randomized to receive either high-dose cytarabine , 3 g/m2 12 hourly on days 1 , 3 , 5 , and 7 for 8 doses , daunorubicin 50 mg/m2 days 1 to 3 , etoposide 75 mg/m2 days 1 to 7 , ( HIDAC-3 - 7 ) or standard dose cytarabine 100 mg/m2 continuous intravenous infusion for 7 days with daunorubicin and etoposide at the same dose and schedule as above ( 7 - 3 - 7 ) .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['cytarabine', 'daunorubicin', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [3, 4, 5], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Therefore , if a combination regimen is necessary to control CMV in a patient , foscarnet and ganciclovir should be used first .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['foscarnet', 'ganciclovir'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
A Phase Ib/II Study of Afatinib in Combination with Nimotuzumab in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with Acquired Resistance to Gefitinib or Erlotinib .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Afatinib', 'Nimotuzumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"RESULTS In first-line treatment , compared with sunitinib , improvement of one-year CPFS for the nivolumab plus ipilimumab group after living for 0.5 and 0.75 years were 14 % ( from 53.0 % to 67.0 % ) and 16 % ( from 57.0 % to 73.0 % ) higher than the one-year PFS of 6.5 % ( from 42.9 % to 49.4 % ) , with similar results for one-year COS following first-line treatment .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['nivolumab', 'ipilimumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Two model drugs , omeprazole and verapamil , were used to test the integrated model .",[]
"This study analysed 126 patients with relapsed , advanced stage follicular lymphoma who received BEAM ( BCNU [ carmustine ] , cytarabine , etoposide , melphalan)-alemtuzumab allogeneic HSCT ( BEAM-allo ) ( n = 44 ) or BEAM-autologous HSCT ( BEAM-auto ) ( n = 82 ) .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['carmustine', 'cytarabine', 'etoposide', 'melphalan)-alemtuzumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Apixaban and rivaroxaban were evaluated in phase III trials for prevention of recurrent ischaemia in ACS patients , most of whom were also receiving dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['aspirin', 'clopidogrel'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Systemic and local effects of lidocaine or mepivacaine when used for intravenous regional anaesthesia of the distal limb in standing sedated horses .,[]
"These 18 TMP-resistant E. coli were also resistant to ampicillin ( 44 % ) , azithromycin ( 11 % ) , chloramphenicol ( 39 % ) , ciprofloxacin ( 11 % ) , doxycycline ( 89 % ) , erythromycin ( 100 % ) , furazolidone ( 72 % ) , levofloxacin ( 17 % ) , trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole ( 89 % ) and trovafloxacin ( 17 % ) .",[]
"Furthermore , VPA significantly increased chemosensitivity to fludarabine , flavopiridol , bortezomib , thalidomide and lenalidomide .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['VPA', 'fludarabine'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 3], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Use of the tumor-infiltrating CD8 to FOXP3 lymphocyte ratio in predicting treatment responses to combination therapy with pertuzumab , trastuzumab , and docetaxel for advanced HER2-positive breast cancer .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['pertuzumab', 'trastuzumab', 'docetaxel'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The clinical symptoms were relieved after combination of doxycycline , rifampicin , levofloxacin and amikacin for 6 weeks , only one patient with bone destruction needed orthopedic surgery .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['doxycycline', 'rifampicin', 'levofloxacin', 'amikacin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Validated LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of enalapril maleate , nitrendipine , hydrochlorothiazide , and their major metabolites in human plasma .",[]
"Four years after surgery , she experienced a recurrence of breast cancer in the thoracic wall , and was treated with exemestane , toremifene , and fulvestrant for 1 year and 5 months .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['exemestane', 'toremifene', 'fulvestrant'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Long-term efficacy of doxazosin plus atenolol in the management of severe and sustained arterial hypertension and reversibility of the cardiac damage induced by chronic cathecolamine excess .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['doxazosin', 'atenolol'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
To evaluate the use of low-molecular-weight heparin ( LMWH ) in combination with low-dose aspirin ( LDA ) for the treatment of antiphospholipid antibody (APA)-associated recurrent pregnancy loss and to compare the results with the use of unfractionated heparin ( UFH ) plus LDA .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['low-molecular-weight heparin', 'aspirin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Therefore , the pain scores were significantly higher in the neostigmine group than the other two groups ( p = 0.02 ) , but no significant difference was found between the two groups that received dexmedetomidine and a combination of dexmedetomidine + neostigmine .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['dexmedetomidine', 'neostigmine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
[ Two cases of complete response to combination chemotherapy of gemcitabine and docetaxel for recurrent ovarian cancer ] .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['gemcitabine', 'docetaxel'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Hormonal changes in postmenopausal women with breast cancer treated with trilostane and dexamethasone .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['trilostane', 'dexamethasone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"After surgical insertion of a catheter in the hepatic artery , patients were treated with oxaliplatin 100 mg/m(2 ) HAI combined with FU + leucovorin IV according to the LV5FU2 protocol .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['oxaliplatin', 'leucovorin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Furthermore methysergide ( 10 mg/kg i.p . ) , but not muscimol ( 2 mg/kg i.p . ) elicited jumping behavior when combined with clonidine ( 0.5 mg/kg i.p . ) , TRH ( 20 mg/kg i.p . ) , haloperidol ( 4 mg/kg i.p . ) or atropine ( 5 mg/kg i.p . ) .",[]
"Then , doxorubicin with or without flavopiridol was injected .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['doxorubicin', 'flavopiridol'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Subjects were treated in two cycles , 3 months apart , in which they received bicalutamide 150 mg daily days 1 - 28 and tremelimumab on day 29 .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['bicalutamide', 'tremelimumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In the search better tumoral response in the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer new drugs have surged that promise good results , including docetaxel , topotecan and gemcitabine ,",[]
This study examines a novel regimen utilizing the combination of epidurally infused ropivacaine - hydromorphone and scheduled ketorolac .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['ropivacaine', 'hydromorphone', 'ketorolac'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"S-1 is a newly developed novel oral dihydrouracil dehydrogenase inhibiting fluoropyrimidine drug consisting of 1 M tegafur ( FT ) , 0.4 M 5-chloro-2 , 4-dihydroxypyrimidine ( gimeracil ) , and 1 M potassium oxonate ( oteracil ) , with efficient antitumor activity and low gastrointestinal toxicity which is widely used in Japan against advanced gastric , head and neck cancers .",[]
"Patients in the HXP arm also received trastuzumab ( 8 mg/kg intravenous infusion on Day 1 ) , concurrently with capecitabine .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['trastuzumab', 'capecitabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Among targeted therapies , lapatinib has activity in systemic treatment of BM particularly when used in combination with capecitabine .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['lapatinib', 'capecitabine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Anaemia was present in patients who had just been diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis and had never taken disease modifying agents or biologicals ( non-specific therapy group ) , but not in those taking either leflunomide or adalimumab .",[]
"Growth of both Karp and AFSC-4 was strongly inhibited with both antibiotics , as measured by visual counts , although the percentage of cells infected with AFSC-4 in the presence of doxycycline was three times greater than the percentage of cells infected with Karp but was only 60 % as great as the percentage of cells infected with Karp in the presence of azithromycin .",[]
"The Society of Critical Care Medicine ( SCCM ) released updated guidelines for management of pain , agitation , and delirium in the ICU and recommended nonbenzodiazepines , such as dexmedetomidine and propofol , as first line sedation agents .",[]
An in vitro assessment of azithromycin in combination with gentamicin demonstrated inhibition of growth and suggests that clinical trials may be warranted to assess the utility of this combination in treating gonorrhea infections .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['azithromycin', 'gentamicin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Among antimicrobials , ciprofloxacin ( 22 ( 22.7 % ) ) was the most common drug followed by metronidazole ( 21 ( 18.5 % ) ) .",[]
"Clinical efficacy of immunochemotherapy with rituximab , fludarabine and mitoxantrone followed by 2-monthly rituximab maintenance was evaluated in 29 patients with previously untreated follicular lymphoma in a prospective phase II trial ( AGMT-NHL9 ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['rituximab', 'fludarabine', 'mitoxantrone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Palliative chemotherapy with carboplatin and etoposide produced a minimal response .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['carboplatin', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"In vitro susceptibilities of ocular Bacillus cereus isolates to clindamycin , gentamicin , and vancomycin alone or in combination .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['clindamycin', 'gentamicin', 'vancomycin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Most ( ≥ 75 % ) patients received ESHAP ( etoposide , methylprednisolone , cytarabine , cisplatin ) or DHAP ( cisplatin , cytosine arabinoside , dexamethasone ) as salvage chemotherapy .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['etoposide', 'methylprednisolone', 'cytarabine', 'cisplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [4, 6], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Patients treated on CCG-3881 ( n = 116 ) received four-drug chemotherapy for 9 months ( cisplatin , cyclophosphamide , doxorubicin , and etoposide ) , with surgery and local radiation to residual disease .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cisplatin', 'cyclophosphamide', 'doxorubicin', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"184 ( 62·0 % , 95 % CI 56·2 - 67·5 ) patients in the cetuximab group achieved an objective response compared with 171 ( 58·0 % , 52·1 - 63·7 ) in the bevacizumab group ( odds ratio 1·18 , 95 % CI 0·85 - 1·64 ; p=0·18 ) .",[]
These data suggest that weekly docetaxel plus carboplatin may be an important therapeutic second-line treatment option for patients with DRPC .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['docetaxel', 'carboplatin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"' Side-effects ' such as tiredness , decreased inclination to work , and dryness of the mouth were somewhat more frequent after the higher clonidine dose than after both doses of guanfacine , and peaked 2 h after clonidine but only 4 - 6 h after guanfacine .",[]
"The recommended phase II dose is bortezomib 1.0 mg/m on days 1 , 4 , 8 , and 11 plus docetaxel 75 mg/m on day 1 , cycled every 21 days .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['bortezomib', 'docetaxel'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Budesonide/formoterol pMDI affords equivalent formoterol-related bronchodilatory effects versus formoterol DPI at formoterol doses of 4.5 , 9 , and 18 microg , indicating that practitioners can expect and patients will experience similar bronchodilation from the same dose of formoterol whether it is delivered as monotherapy via a DPI or as combination therapy with budesonide via one pMDI .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['formoterol', 'budesonide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In this review , we will discuss the use of anti-EGFR MoAbs in the treatment of mCRC , with focus on cetuximab and panitumumab .",[]
"A 29-year-old white man with recurrent Hodgkin 's disease received doxorubicin , bleomycin , vinblastine , and dacarbazine ( ABVD ) chemotherapy once every two weeks for 12 cycles .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['doxorubicin', 'bleomycin', 'vinblastine', 'dacarbazine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"This review focuses on the activity and toxicity of the time-limited combination of venetoclax plus rituximab for the treatment of relapsed or refractory CLL , presenting clinical trial results and data from correlative studies , with the aim of highlighting the strengths of this treatment approach and discuss weaknesses and possible areas of improvement .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['venetoclax', 'rituximab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Advanced male breast cancer treatment with the LH-RH analogue buserelin alone or in combination with the antiandrogen flutamide .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['buserelin', 'flutamide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
A double-blind multicentre trial of piroxicam and naproxen in osteoarthritis .,[]
"Effects of estradiol , cyproterone acetate , tibolone and raloxifene on uterus and aorta atherosclerosis in oophorectomized cholesterol-fed rabbits .",[]
Patients were randomly divided into three groups : group I : band ligation ; group II : propranolol ; group III : carvedilol .,[]
"Nevertheless , there are serious doubts as to the specificity of these actions of DA as a number of other substances like naloxone , nicotine , acetylcholine or glutamate-diethylester occasionally had very similar effects on membrane potential , firing rate and cortically evoked EPSP-IPSP sequences .",[]
"Here , we validated an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( icELISA ) for quantification of ARTs and found that 50 % of inhibitory concentrations of dihydroartemisinin , artemether , and artesunate were 8.1 , 207.0 , and 4.7 ng/mL , respectively .",[]
"In an effort to improve its efficacy , mitoxantrone was tested for synergistic activity with cidofovir .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['mitoxantrone', 'cidofovir'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In our study , the -491A/T polymorphism in the apo E gene promoter region modulated the lipid-lowering efficiency of atorvastatin and bezafibrate in CHL patients .",[]
A prospective open-label study comparing the efficacy and safety of methotrexate ( MTX ) and chloroquine ( CQ ) in articular and cutaneous manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus ( SLE ) .,[]
"In the current study , we investigated the hypothesis that targeting of P-gp by diltiazem can enhance the cytotoxicity of gemcitabine and 5-FU against human pancreatic cancer cells .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['diltiazem', 'gemcitabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
An additional 2 patients ( 1 in each group ) met the protocol definition of virologic failure between weeks 48 and 96 ; no known resistance mutations were observed in the raltegravir recipient ; the efavirenz recipient had nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance mutations .,[]
"In all , 171 patients with histologically verified non-small cell lung carcinoma were treated with ifosfamide 2.0 g/m2 on days 1 - 5 in combination with ( 91 patients ) etoposide 120 mg/m2 on day 1 .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['ifosfamide', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In the large-scale trials carried out in Tanganyika and described in this paper , such a combination , containing amodiaquine for schizontocidal effect and primaquine as a gametocytocide , was administered to three distinct population groups of more than 5000 at differing intervals of time , in order to determine the ability of this combination to interfere with transmission in the absence of other malaria control measures .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['amodiaquine', 'primaquine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In transplant eligible patients , induction therapy consists of bortezomib , lenalidomide , dexamethasone ( VRd ) given for approximately 3 - 4 cycles followed by autologous stem cell transplantation ( ASCT ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['bortezomib', 'lenalidomide', 'dexamethasone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Genistein combined polysaccharide enhances activity of docetaxel , bicalutamide and Src kinase inhibition in androgen-dependent and independent prostate cancer cell lines .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Genistein', 'docetaxel'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Combination therapy with bosentan and sildenafil was effective for this case of refractory PAH associated with fibrotic lung in systemic sclerosis .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['bosentan', 'sildenafil'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"All patients had received concomitant immunosuppressive medications in addition to infliximab or etanercept , and all resided in HC-endemic regions .",[]
"Analysis of 52 eyes with high-risk retinoblastoma managed with postenucleation adjuvant chemotherapy using vincristine sulfate , etoposide phosphate , and carboplatin showed no evidence of systemic metastasis in any case during a mean ( range ) follow-up of 66 ( 12 - 202 ) months .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['vincristine', 'etoposide', 'carboplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Clinical and cost-effectiveness of capecitabine and tegafur with uracil for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer : systematic review and economic evaluation .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['capecitabine', 'tegafur'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"All strains were susceptible to phenoxymethylpenicillin , cephalosporins , erythromycin , azithromycin , clindamycin , vancomycin , doxycycline , and ciprofloxacin but were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole .",[]
The inhibition by the agonist oxotremorine is comparable to that of carbachol and 1 mM pilocarpine inhibited the binding by 21 % .,[]
"Cost-effectiveness of cetuximab , cetuximab plus irinotecan , and panitumumab for third and further lines of treatment for KRAS wild-type patients with metastatic colorectal cancer .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cetuximab', 'irinotecan'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Limits of quantification were 0.12 , 1.09 , 1.46 , 1.47 , 5.70 , 1.32 , 1.33 µg/L for haloperidol , aripiprazole , olanzapine , quetiapine , clozapine , risperidone , and paliperidone , respectively .",[]
"Sensitization to doxorubicin and etoposide with BPTF knockdown ( KD ) was associated with increased DNA damage , topoisomerase II ( TOP2 ) crosslinking and autophagy ; however , there was only a modest increase in apoptosis and no increase in senescence .",[]
"This multicenter pilot study assessed the feasibility and efficacy of a time-intensified bleomycin , etoposide , doxorubicin , cyclophosphamide , vincristine , procarbazine , and prednisone ( BEACOPP ) regimen given in 14-day intervals ( BEACOPP-14 ) with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor ( G-CSF ) support in advanced Hodgkin 's lymphoma .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['bleomycin', 'etoposide', 'doxorubicin', 'cyclophosphamide', 'vincristine', 'procarbazine', 'prednisone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Safety and efficacy of daclatasvir and asunaprevir in hepatitis C virus-infected patients with renal impairment .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['daclatasvir', 'asunaprevir'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
We report the results of replacement of steroids by azathioprine ( AZA ) in 25 primary cadaveric renal transplant recipients initially treated with CsA and methylprednisolone ( MP ) .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['azathioprine', 'CsA'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Median OS was 34.2 and 24.3 months in the panitumumab and bevacizumab arms , respectively ( HR , 0.62 ; 95 % CI , 0.44 to 0.89 ; P = .009 ) .",[]
"One group of patients was treated with oral mefloquine ( 750 mg ) and artemether ( 600 mg by injection , 200 mg initially and 100 mg every 12 h ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['mefloquine', 'artemether'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The role of irinotecan and oxaliplatin in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['irinotecan', 'oxaliplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In both cases , chemotherapy comprising rituximab + dose-adjusted EPOCH regimen ( etoposide , prednisone , vincristine , cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin ) was administered .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['rituximab', 'etoposide', 'prednisone', 'vincristine', 'cyclophosphamide', 'doxorubicin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Bleeding prophylaxis included combinations of plasma-derived factor ( VWD ) or recombinant factor ( haemophilia A and haemophilia B ) , desmopressin and/or tranexamic acid .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['desmopressin', 'tranexamic'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Although progression-free survival with the bevacizumab plus capecitabine combination is inferior to that noted with bevacizumab plus paclitaxel , we suggest that physicians should consider possible predictive risk factors for overall survival , individual 's treatment priorities , and the differing safety profiles .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['bevacizumab', 'capecitabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [2, 3], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"The combination of ixabepilone and bevacizumab was well tolerated , with modest activity in second - or later-line mRCC , but it is not recommended as a therapy without further clinical development .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['ixabepilone', 'bevacizumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Eligible patients with unresectable MPM , without disease progression following 4 to 6 cycles of pemetrexed and platinum were randomized 1:1 to observation or continuation of pemetrexed until progression , stratified by number of cycles ( < 6 or 6 ) , cis- or carboplatin containing regimen , and histology .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['pemetrexed', 'platinum'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"A Phase II trial reported a median OS duration of 8.6 months for patients receiving cetuximab plus irinotecan , plus a median time to progression of 4.1 months , a tumour response rate of 22.9 % and suggested that treatment with cetuximab in combination with irinotecan is associated with significantly more adverse events ( any grade 3 or grade 4 adverse event ) than cetuximab monotherapy .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['cetuximab', 'irinotecan'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Our results show meaningful activity of T-DM1 after front-line pertuzumab plus trastuzumab and a taxane , with about 27 % of patients having an objective response and 40 % of patients achieving durable disease control .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['pertuzumab', 'trastuzumab'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Dapagliflozin seemed to play a role in accelerating the patient 's urinary sodium excretion as well as reducing gross fluid retention despite the fact that her nephrotic condition was resistant to furosemide .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Dapagliflozin', 'furosemide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"PA combination of goserelin and tamoxifen in patients with relapsed ovarian cancer can not be recommended as standard therapy , but may result in long-term survival in individual patients .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['goserelin', 'tamoxifen'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In previous analyses of the MURANO study , fixed-duration venetoclax plus rituximab ( VenR ) resulted in improved progression-free survival ( PFS ) compared with bendamustine plus rituximab ( BR ) in patients with relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia ( CLL ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['venetoclax', 'rituximab'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [2, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The aim of the present study was to determine whether a combination of atorvastatin and amlodipine causes sympathoinhibition via reduction of oxidative stress in the RVLM and improves cognitive dysfunction of hypertensive rats .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['atorvastatin', 'amlodipine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Active treatment consisted of hydrochlorothiazide ( 25 - 50 mg/day ) plus triamterene ( 50 - 100 mg/day ) with the addition of alpha-methyldopa ( 0.5 - 2.0 g/day ) in one-third of the patients .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['hydrochlorothiazide', 'triamterene', 'alpha-methyldopa'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Eight days treatment with 15 μM clozapine increased adipogenesis by 37.4 % and 50 μM risperidone increased adipogenesis by 26.5 % during 3T3-L1 cell differentiation accompanied by increased SREBP-1 , PPARγ , C/EBPα , LDLR and Adiponectin gene expression .",[]
It is predicted that patients suffering from both VL and cardiac disorders ( atrial fibrillation ) may benefit if they are treated with warfarin in conjunction with first-line antileishmanial therapies such as miltefosine and AmBisome .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['warfarin', 'miltefosine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"If concomitant therapy is absolutely necessary , the dose of digoxin should be halved prior to initiating dronedarone .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['digoxin', 'dronedarone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Stable isotope labelling by amino acids in cell culture ( SILAC ) coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry ( MS ) was implemented to globally characterise cellular protein levels induced by KSR1 in the presence of doxorubicin or etoposide .,[]
"All patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide , doxorubicin , and fluorouracil , or cyclophosphamide , doxorubicin , vincristine , and prednisone .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cyclophosphamide', 'doxorubicin', 'fluorouracil'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [3, 4, 5, 6], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Chemotherapy consisted of ( 1 ) fluorouracil ( 5-FU ) , ( 2 ) 5-FU variations , ( 3 ) 5-FU plus oxaliplatin , ( 4 ) 5-FU plus irinotecan , or ( 5 ) oral fluoropyrimidine-based regimens .",[]
"To evaluate and compare the influences of micronized fenofibrate and atorvastatin on serum lipid profile , including lipoprotein(a ) levels , and on fibrinogen levels in a large group of patients with primary mixed hyperlipidemia ( serum total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels > 240 and 160 mg/dl , respectively , and serum triglyceride level > 200 mg/dl ) .",[]
Comparison of brimonidine with latanoprost in the adjunctive treatment of glaucoma . ALPHAGAN/XALATAN Study Group .,[]
Pretreatment with inhaled N(2)O can reduce the pain associated with propofol and rocuronium injection .,[]
"To further these observations , we discovered that the bromodomain PHD finger transcription factor subunit ( BPTF ) of the nucleosome remodeling factor ( NURF ) promotes resistance to doxorubicin , etoposide and paclitaxel in the 4T1 breast tumor cell line .",[]
"We analyzed 129 non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients who underwent AHSCT from 1996 to 2013 using the most common regimens : CBV ( cyclophosphamide , carmustine and etoposide ; n = 16 ) , BEAM ( carmustine , etoposide , cytarabine and melphalan ; n = 36 ) and BEAC ( carmustine , etoposide , cytarabine and cyclophosphamide ; n = 77 ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cyclophosphamide', 'carmustine', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [3, 4, 5, 6], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [8, 9, 10, 7], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Early Prostate-Specific Antigen ( PSA ) Change at Four Weeks of the First-Line Treatment Using Abiraterone and Enzalutamide Could Predict Early/Primary Resistance in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Abiraterone', 'Enzalutamide'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Several chemotherapy drugs are active in SCCHN , most notably the platinum compounds , taxanes , fluorouracil ( 5-FU ) , methotrexate and cetuximab .",[]
"Dexamethasone , cytarabine , ifosfamide , and cisplatin as salvage therapy in non-Hodgkin lymphoma .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Dexamethasone', 'cytarabine', 'ifosfamide', 'cisplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Cost-effectiveness of ribociclib plus letrozole,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['ribociclib', 'letrozole'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
We investigated whether lapatinib plus gemcitabine has synergistic or antagonistic effects on the pancreatic cancer cell lines MiaPaca-2 and PANC-1 .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['lapatinib', 'gemcitabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Gal(beta1 - 3)Galbeta1-methyl ( disaccharide ) and GalNAc(beta1 - 4)GlcA(beta1 - 3)GalNAc(beta1 - 4 ) GlcA(beta1 - 3)GalNAc(pentasaccharide ) were used respectively as acceptors of [14C]GlcA from UDP-[14C]GlcA. Distributions of the two GlcA transferase activities in the sucrose-density-gradient fractions were compared with each other and with the previously reported distribution of the activities of Gal transferases ( UDP-Gal to ovalbumin , and to xylose of the proteochondroitin linkage region ) and GalNAc ( N-acetylgalactosamine ) transferase II of chondroitin polymerization .",[]
"No significant changes of endothelium-independent dilation were observed with both drugs ( from 17.10+/-2.4 % to 18.14+/-3.76 % and from 18.73+/-4.07 % to 17.46+/-4.27 % during nifedipine and hydrochlorothiazide , respectively , NS ) .",[]
"The PANDORA trial has demonstrated that the combination of high dose pantoprazole with docetaxel is tolerable , but the clinical activity was not sufficient to warrant further testing .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['pantoprazole', 'docetaxel'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Effective plasma levels of both saquinavir and lopinavir can be achieved by the co-administration of saquinavir soft-gel capsules and lopinavir/ritonavir .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['saquinavir', 'lopinavir'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Clopidogrel administration significantly reduces the likelihood of recurrent CATE compared with aspirin in cats ; both drugs were well tolerated .,[]
"In recent years several tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting specific molecular pathways involved in its pathogenesis have been investigated , such as sorafenib , lenvatinib , and sunitinib .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['sorafenib', 'sunitinib'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"By passage 25 and thereafter , the selected cells were resistant to doxorubicin , etoposide , mitoxantrone and 5-fluorouracil by a pathway that was independent of MDR1 , MRP1 , MRP2 and breast cancer resistance protein .",[]
The in vitro antibacterial activity of zidovudine alone and in combination with ciprofloxacin was investigated .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['zidovudine', 'ciprofloxacin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
This patient was a case of primary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome in which endothelial cell damage was located exclusively in the capillary lumens and pulse cyclophosphamide therapy in addition to prednisolone and anticoagulant was effective .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cyclophosphamide', 'prednisolone'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Vancomycin and gentamicin were administered systemically just prior to surgery and streptomycin was added to the irrigating solution .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Vancomycin', 'gentamicin', 'streptomycin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
We observed a synergistic cytotoxic effect for the combination of foretinib and lapatinib on the viability and proliferation of the examined melanoma cell lines .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['foretinib', 'lapatinib'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Regarding microbiological cure metronidazole therapy was as effective as vancomycin therapy ( RR=0.88 , 95 % CI=0.64 - 1.21 , p=0.43 ) .",[]
"During the infusion protocol used in clinical practice , etoposide , cytarabine and daunorubicine were stable and compatible with the various materials present in the infusion sets and extension tubing ( polyvinyl chloride , polyethylene ) and catheters ( silicone ) .",[]
"Following knockdown of ANXA2 in NB cell line SK-N-BE(2 ) using shRNA , we demonstrate enhanced drug sensitivity for doxorubicin ( 2.77-fold ) and etoposide ( 7.87-fold ) compared with control .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['doxorubicin', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Combined therapy with amiodarone and carvedilol provided greatest reduction of sudden arrhythmic and total mortality .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['amiodarone', 'carvedilol'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Efficacy of paclitaxel , carboplatin , and bevacizumab for cervical cancer : A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis .",[]
"The eradication rate of C. trachomatis in baseline-positive patients at the first follow-up visit in the azithromycin group was 96 % with one persistent case , and 100 % in the doxycycline group .",[]
"For example , the overall objective response rate of 9.5 % with single agent sunitinib compares similarly to that of pemetrexed or docetaxel in previously treated NSCLC patients , but toxicity , notably fatigue , lead to discontinuation in 38 % of patients .",[]
Patients with progressive refractory NSCLC who had previously benefitted from erlotinib ( objective response or stable disease > 8weeks ) were randomized to receive treatment with either erlotinib and sorafenib ( 400 mg orally twice daily ) or sorafenib alone .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['erlotinib', 'sorafenib'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In this challenging field , aflibercept offers a good option for oxaliplatin-refractory mCRC patients when combined with irinotecan and 5-fluorouracil irrespective of prior anti-angiogenic treatment .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['aflibercept', 'irinotecan', '5-fluorouracil'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"The combination of 1-hour paclitaxel , carboplatin , and extended oral schedule etoposide is feasible and well tolerated at the doses administered in this phase II trial .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['paclitaxel', 'carboplatin', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"In this regard , we have synthesized Pem-PEG-Gem , wherein pemetrexed ( Pem ) and gemcitabine ( Gem ) are conjugated to a heterobifunctional polyethylene glycol ( PEG ) polymer for the effective treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer ( NSCLC ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['pemetrexed', 'gemcitabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"After the initiation of antimalarial treatment with artesunate and mefloquine , his clinical condition gradually improved .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['artesunate', 'mefloquine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"For those few patients who do not respond to first-line therapy , the combination of vinblastine , ifosfamide , and cisplatin is the most popular regimen for the subset of platinum-sensitive tumors .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['vinblastine', 'ifosfamide', 'cisplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Antibiotic treatment was changed to imipenem/cilastatin , piperacillin , gentamicin , clarithromycin , erythromycin , and minocycline .",[]
"Patients received once-daily vandetanib ( planned dosing levels of 100 , 200 , and 300 mg ) with concomitant daily radiotherapy ( 1.8 Gy/d , 45 Gy total ) and chemotherapy , consisting of infusional 5-FU ( 225 mg/m/d over 96 h , weekly ) , paclitaxel ( 50 mg/m , days 1 , 8 , 15 , 22 , 29 ) and carboplatin ( AUC of 5 , days 1 , 29 ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['vandetanib', '5-FU', 'paclitaxel', 'carboplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Randomized comparison of tamoxifen and two separate doses of toremifene in postmenopausal patients with metastatic breast cancer .,[]
"Eighteen patients received chemotherapy including etoposide , prednisone , vincristine , cyclophosphamide , and doxorubicin ( n = 13 ) and cyclophosphamide , doxorubicin , vincristine , and prednisone ( n = 2 ) .",[]
"The calcium channel blocker verapamil has been previously shown to augment the chemosensitivity of pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines to doxorubicin by mechanisms other than changes in the intracellular accumulation , retention , or metabolism of doxorubicin .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['verapamil', 'doxorubicin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The results of a randomized phase II trial have demonstrated that the addition of cetuximab to irinotecan in patients with irinotecan-resistant tumors represents another active treatment option for these patients .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cetuximab', 'irinotecan'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Normal heart rate and rhythm were then preserved temporarily with digoxin and flecainide .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['digoxin', 'flecainide'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
A phase I/II and pharmacokinetic study of irinotecan in combination with capecitabine as first-line therapy for advanced colorectal cancer .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['irinotecan', 'capecitabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The purpose of this study was to determine whether combination therapy with vancomycin and TZP is associated with an incidence of AKI in pediatric patients higher than that in those on combination therapy with vancomycin and cefepime .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['vancomycin', 'TZP'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [2, 3], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In patients who experience disease progression after etoposide , doxorubicin , cisplatin with mitotane ( EDP-M ) , gemcitabine and metronomic capecitabine , or the less used streptozotocin , represent a second-line chemotherapy option .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['gemcitabine', 'capecitabine'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [4, 6], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
We conclude that ropivacaine alone injected into the pterygomandibular region does not affect the cardiovascular system and that the addition of epinephrine has no beneficial effect .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['ropivacaine', 'epinephrine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The next broad-spectrum drug was ethionamide , followed by ansamycin , rifampin , capreomycin , kanamycin , streptomycin and ethambutol .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['ethionamide', 'rifampin', 'capreomycin', 'kanamycin', 'streptomycin', 'ethambutol', 'ansamycin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Phase I/II study of gefitinib and capecitabine in patients with colorectal cancer .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['gefitinib', 'capecitabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Both the BTK inhibitor ibrutinib and the BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax are active as monotherapy in the treatment of mantle-cell lymphoma .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['ibrutinib', 'venetoclax'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The chloroethylating nitrosoureas ( lomustine , fotemustine , cystemustine ( BCNU ) and methylating agents temozolomide ( TMZ ) , dacarbazine ( DTIC ) , procarbazine ) have documented activity in metastatic malignant melanoma with single agent response rates of 15 - 25 % .",[]
"The population growth rate was adversely influenced by exposure to chlortetracycline , sulfamethazine , or sulfathiazole in water fleas , but reduction in population size was not expected .",[]
A group of 14 patients with small-cell lung cancer received a 1-h intravenous infusion of 2.0 or 3.0 g/m2 ifosfamide over 1 or 2 days in combination with 175 mg/m2 paclitaxel and carboplatin at AUC 6 .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['ifosfamide', 'paclitaxel', 'carboplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Ticlopidine and clopidogrel achieve antiplatelet effects by inhibiting the binding of adenosine 5'-disphosphate to its platelet receptor .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Ticlopidine', 'clopidogrel'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Irinotecan plus gemcitabine induces both radiographic and CA 19 - 9 tumor marker responses in patients with previously untreated advanced pancreatic cancer .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Irinotecan', 'gemcitabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The patient was treated with a combination of cyclophosphamide , doxorubicin , vincristine , and prednisone as initial management immediately after diagnosis .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cyclophosphamide', 'doxorubicin', 'vincristine', 'prednisone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"To our knowledge , we present the first reported case of SS associated with linezolid and methadone with a brief review of the literature .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['linezolid', 'methadone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Recent clinical trials have reported improved survival for two novel agents ; ipilimumab , a humanized , IgG1 monoclonal antibody that blocks cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 ( CTLA-4 ) and vemurafenib , a BRAF ( v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 ) inhibitor targeting an activating mutation in the serine-threonine-protein kinase BRAF gene .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['ipilimumab', 'vemurafenib'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Anesthetized rats received a single intravenous injection of epinephrine ( 25 , 50 , or 100 mcg/kg ) ; matched cohorts were pretreated with phentolamine ( 100 mcg/kg ) ; n = 5 for each of the six treatment groups .",[]
"Three interventions exhibited significantly improved OS results over chemotherapy ( all HR < 1 ): Ipilimumab , Nivolumab and Ipilimumab + Chemotherapy .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Ipilimumab', 'Nivolumab', 'Ipilimumab', 'Chemotherapy'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
The breast trial participants studied were those elderly enrolled between 1995 and 1997 and treated with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide or this combination with paclitaxel .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['doxorubicin', 'cyclophosphamide'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [0, 1, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The intensive polychemotherapy regimen eBEACOPP ( bleomycin , etoposide , doxorubicin , cyclophosphamide , vincristine , procarbazine , and prednisone in escalated doses ) is very active in patients with advanced-stage Hodgkin 's lymphoma , albeit at the expense of severe toxicities .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['bleomycin', 'etoposide', 'doxorubicin', 'cyclophosphamide', 'vincristine', 'procarbazine', 'prednisone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Systemic treatments , and here in particular a combined therapeutic regimen of chemotherapy and electron beam , bexarotene , or denileukin diftitox , showed more adverse effects than topical or skin-directed treatments .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['bexarotene', 'denileukin diftitox'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"The incident number of the infected mice was significantly different among groups with different drugs and doses : 2/60 , 16/60 , 10/60 and 10/60 in the groups of Changqing capsule , spiramycin , pyrimethamine and azithromycin respectively ( P < 0.05 ) .",[]
"In total , seven different interventions ( Chloroquine , Mefloquine , Mefloquine artesunate , Proguanil , Pyrimethamine , Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine , Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine amodiaquine ) were evaluated in 912 children with SCD .",[]
"We have modeled drug resistance by generating three MM cell lines with acquired resistance to either bortezomib , carfilzomib , or ixazomib .",[]
"However , we observed significant decreases in the left ventricular mass index and urinary albumin to creatinine ratio in the valsartan group but not in the amlodipine group .",[]
"Effects of chloroquine , mefloquine and quinine on natural killer cell activity in vitro .",[]
"Fulvestrant ( intramuscular injection 250 mg month(-1 ) ) was found to be at least as effective as anastrozole ( orally 1 mg day(-1 ) ) for time to progression ( 5.5 vs 4.1 months , respectively ( hazard ratio ( HR ): 0.95 ; 95.14 % confidence interval ( CI ) , 0.82 - 1.10 ; P=0.48 ) ) and objective response 19.2 vs 16.5 % , respectively ; treatment difference 2.75 % ; 95.14 % CI , -2.27 to 9.05 % ; P=0.31 ) .",[]
"Risk factors associated with cardiotoxicity within 2 years of doxorubicin administration included age [ adjusted hazard ratio ( aHR ) = 1.02 , 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) 1.00 - 1.04 ; p = 0.05 ] , metastasis ( aHR = 2.66 ; 95 % CI 1.36 - 5.20 ; p < 0.01 ) , and concomitant trastuzumab ( aHR = 4.08 ; 95 % CI 2.31 - 7.21 ; p","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['doxorubicin', 'trastuzumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Twenty-four patients have been treated to date , and the maximum tolerated dose has been reached at paclitaxel 185 mg/m2 and carboplatin 350 mg/m2 .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['paclitaxel', 'carboplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"FAB M5 was significantly more sensitive than FAB M4 to most drugs frequently used in AML , as indicated by the following ratios of median sensitivities : the anthracyclines ( 2.6- to 3.2-fold ) , mitoxantrone ( 12.5-fold ) , etoposide ( 8.7-fold ) , and cytarabine ( 2.9-fold ) .",[]
[ Aztreonam or gentamicin combined with piperacillin as empiric antibiotic therapy during neutropenia of patients with hematologic diseases ] .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Aztreonam', 'piperacillin'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [1, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The present study was undertaken to further elucidate the effect of salbutamol on the pharmacokinetics of digoxin in man .,"[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['salbutamol', 'digoxin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Mecamylamine reversed the effects of nicotine on SHR performance .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Mecamylamine', 'nicotine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The combination of sub-effective doses of leflunomide and cyclosporin A resulted in significant inhibition of chronic arthritis .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['leflunomide', 'cyclosporin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"In the metastatic setting , FOLFIRINOX ( folinic acid , 5-fluorouracil , irinotecan , and oxaliplatin ) , and nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine have yielded only modest improvements in survival .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['folinic', '5-fluorouracil', 'irinotecan', 'oxaliplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [4, 5], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Patients in arm 1 ( n = 88 ) received 4 cycles of paclitaxel and carboplatin followed by 2 to 4 cycles of gemcitabine-based combination chemotherapy .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['paclitaxel', 'carboplatin', 'gemcitabine-based'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In patients receiving digoxin and propafenone simultaneously , the SDCs should be monitored and the digoxin dose reduced if there is evidence of toxicity .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['digoxin', 'propafenone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
To review the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness evidence base for lapatinib ( LAP ) in combination with an aromatase inhibitor ( AI ) and trastuzumab ( TRA ) in combination with an AI for the first-line treatment of patients who have hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/human epidermal growth factor 2-positive ( HER2 + ) mBC .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['lapatinib', 'AI'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [1, 2], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Since combination therapy with nateglinide and vildagliptin restored the decrease in pancreatic beta cell mass , our present findings suggest that combination therapy could be a promising therapeutic strategy for postprandial dysmetabolism associated with obese and insulin resistance .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['nateglinide', 'vildagliptin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Paclitaxel , doxorubicin , tamoxifen , erlotinib , gefitinib , temozolomide , and methotrexate are among therapeutic agents whose efficacy is influenced by the expression of H19 .",[]
"Patients were randomised to receive either four or eight courses of cytotoxic chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide , vincristine and etoposide and also randomised to receive , on disease progression , either second line chemotherapy ( methotrexate and doxorubicin ) or symptomatic treatment only .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cyclophosphamide', 'vincristine', 'etoposide'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'COMB', 'spans': [3, 4], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Amisulpride demonstrated a greater improvement in BPRS total scores ( P<0.05 ) and PANSS negative subscores ( P=0.0001 ) than haloperidol after 12 months of treatment in chronic schizophrenic patients with acute exacerbations .,[]
"In patients with acute cholecystitis , ampicillin plus tobramycin , cefoperazone and piperacillin had clinical cure rates of 85 , 95 and 95 per cent , respectively .",[]
A retrospective analysis of the Phase III trial of pemetrexed versus docetaxel shows a statistically significant longer toxicity-free survival time for pemetrexed compared with docetaxel .,[]
"Tazobactam has inhibitory activity , and therefore protects piperacillin against Richmond and Sykes types II , III , IV and V beta-lactamases , staphylococcal penicillinase and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Tazobactam', 'piperacillin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The diagnosis was stage IIIA HHV-8-LBL , and he was treated with 6 cycles of R-EPOCH ( rituximab , etoposide , vincristine , doxorubicin , cyclophosphamide , and prednisone ) infusion chemotherapy .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['rituximab', 'etoposide', 'vincristine', 'doxorubicin', 'cyclophosphamide', 'prednisone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Our objective was to define the maximum tolerated dose of an escalating dose of ifosfamide in combination with a fixed dose of doxorubicin supported by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor ( Neupogen ) .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['ifosfamide', 'doxorubicin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
A combined analysis of two pivotal randomized trials of a single dose of pegfilgrastim per chemotherapy cycle and daily Filgrastim in patients with stage II-IV breast cancer .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['pegfilgrastim', 'Filgrastim'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
[ Nilotinib in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia without response to imatinib ] .,[]
"At initial treatment with dabrafenib plus trametinib , three patients achieved a partial response and one patient achieved a complete response .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['dabrafenib', 'trametinib'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"We performed this meta-analysis to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of gemcitabine plus cisplatin ( GP ) and paclitaxel plus cisplatin ( TP ) combined with thermotherapy in the treatment of NSCLC , as well as to provide reference for clinical practice and future research .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['gemcitabine', 'cisplatin', 'thermotherapy'], 'is_context_needed': True}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [2, 3, 4], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The pharmacodynamic effects of ticagrelor were preserved when ticagrelor was given during infusion of cangrelor .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['ticagrelor', 'cangrelor'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"A 49-year-old woman diagnosed with International Federation of Obstetricians and Gynecologists stage 2018 IIIC2 locally advanced undifferentiated cervical cancer received first-line chemoradiotherapy followed by carboplatin , paclitaxel , and bevacizumab with partial response .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['carboplatin', 'paclitaxel', 'bevacizumab'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Sipuleucel-T , cabazitaxel , abiraterone , enzalutamide and radium-223 have been approved in the pre- or post-docetaxel setting in metastatic CRPC during the last few years .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Sipuleucel-T', 'cabazitaxel', 'abiraterone', 'enzalutamide', 'radium-223'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Therefore , we conducted this phase II study to evaluate the activity and toxicity of the combination paclitaxel and gemcitabine in advanced NSCLC .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['paclitaxel', 'gemcitabine'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Two of these antibodies , cetuximab ( Erbitux ) und bevacizumab ( Avastin ) , directed against the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) and the vascular epithelial growth factor ( VEGF ) , respectively , have recently been approved for use in metastatic colorectal cancer .",[]
Physically cross-linked beta-lactoglobulin ( BLG ) protein gels containing theophylline and sulfamethoxazole low molecular weight drugs were prepared in 50 % ethanol solution at pH 8 and two protein concentrations ( 6 and 7 % ( w/v ) ) .,[]
"Ciprofloxacin , 500 mg orally twice a day plus antifungal prophylaxis , fluconazole 50 mg once daily plus amphotericin B tablets or suspension and tablets , each 200 mg four times a day , was given .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Ciprofloxacin', 'fluconazole', 'amphotericin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"In some recently updated clinical guidelines , the fully humanized monoclonal antibody panitumumab , combined with irinotecan , has been recommended as an optional third-line chemotherapy for KRAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer ( mCRC ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['panitumumab', 'irinotecan'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
A monocentric phase I study of vemurafenib plus cobimetinib plus PEG-interferon ( VEMUPLINT ) in advanced melanoma patients harboring the V600BRAF mutation .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['vemurafenib', 'cobimetinib', 'VEMUPLINT'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Phase 1 dose-escalation trial of tremelimumab plus sunitinib in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma .,"[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['tremelimumab', 'sunitinib'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"A working group convened by the Centers for Disease Control recommended three antibiotics for the treatment of recurrent and persistent acute otitis media : ( 1 ) amoxicillin/clavulanate in combination with amoxicillin ( high dose amoxicillin regimen , 80 to 90 mg/kg/day ) ; ( 2 ) cefuroxime axetil ( standard dose , 30 mg/kg/day ) ; and ( 3 ) ceftriaxone ( possibly requiring up to three injections to optimize clinical success ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['amoxicillin/clavulanate', 'amoxicillin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"On the basis of the estimated costs of infective complications , cefotaxime and ceftriaxone appear equally effective for the prevention of infective complications after abdominal surgery .",[]
The epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors ( EGFR TKIs ) like erlotinib and gefitinib have been extensively studied .,[]
Patients who had failed only one prior chemotherapy regimen and had Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group ( ECOG ) Performance Status ( PS ) ≤2 were randomised to either : pemetrexed 500 mg/m(2 ) on day 1 plus erlotinib 150 mg daily on days 2 - 14 ; erlotinib 150 mg daily ; or pemetrexed 500 mg/m(2 ) on day 1 of a 21-day cycle until discontinuation criteria were met .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['pemetrexed', 'erlotinib'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"This study was conducted to test the feasibility of reducing the interval between cycles of doxorubicin , cyclophosphamide , etoposide ( ACE ) chemotherapy to 2 weeks , thereby increasing dose intensity , by adding granulocyte colony-stimulating factor ( G-CSF ) to reduce the duration of neutropenia following a cycle .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['doxorubicin', 'cyclophosphamide', 'etoposide', 'G-CSF'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"The rate of down-stage to pT1 or less was 59 % for methotrexate , vinblastine , doxorubicin and cisplatin , and 53 % for gemcitabine and carboplatin ( P = 0.624 ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['gemcitabine', 'carboplatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
The combined irrigation of bupivacaine and ketorolac showed a clinically significant reduction of pain in the first postoperative hour and on postoperative day 5 .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['bupivacaine', 'ketorolac'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"In group I , clinical response was observed in 10 of 19 febrile episodes ( 52.6 % ) treated with carbenicillin plus gentamicin and in 10 of 14 ( 71.4 % ) treated with latamoxef ( p greater than 0.05 ) .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['carbenicillin', 'gentamicin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Following lapatinib and trastuzumab , the HER2-E and ERBB2 (HER2-E/ERBB2)-high group showed a higher pCR rate compared to the rest ( 44.5 % , 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] = 35.4 % to 53.9 % vs 11.6 % , 95 % CI = 6.9 % to 18.0 % ; adjusted odds ratio [ OR ] = 6.05 , 95 % CI = 3.10 to 11.80 , P < .001 ) .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['lapatinib', 'trastuzumab'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
A Synergistic Anti-Cancer Effect of Troglitazone and Lovastatin in a Human Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Cell Line and in a Mouse Xenograft Model .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Troglitazone', 'Lovastatin'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Fingolimod sensitizes EGFR wild‑type non‑small cell lung cancer cells to lapatinib or sorafenib and induces cell cycle arrest .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Fingolimod', 'lapatinib'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
To compare levels of apoptosis in granulosa cells from women treated with the gonadotropin-releasing hormone ( GnRH ) agonist triptorelin or the GnRH antagonist cetrorelix .,[]
"In vitro effects of racemates , separate enantiomers and major metabolites of mefloquine and halofantrine on metoprolol biotransformation by rat liver microsomes .",[]
"Other studies are evaluating the use of capecitabine , oxaliplatin , and the anti-epidermal growth factor receptor agent cetuximab with RT in this malignancy .",[]
"Bacteriological , histopathologic , and clinical outcomes after treatment using moxifloxacin , moxifloxacin and dexamethasone combination , and vancomycin were comparable .","[{'class': 'COMB', 'spans': ['moxifloxacin', 'dexamethasone'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
"Combining erythromycin , clarithromycin , or azithromycin with rifampin resulted in a significant ( P≤0.005 ) decrease in MPC and MPC/MIC ratio .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['erythromycin', 'rifampin'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [1, 3], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [2, 3], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"This was confirmed and show that the dCK levels are retained upon co-treatment , indicating a clinical use for bortezomib treatment in combination with cytarabine to avoid development of resistance .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['bortezomib', 'cytarabine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Artemether , artesunate , praziquantel and tribendimidine administered singly at different dosages against Clonorchis sinensis : a comparative in vivo study .",[]
"The agents studied include : propranolol , timolol , metoprolol , practolol , atenolol and the combined alpha and beta adrenoceptor blocking agent , labetalol .",[]
"Effects of fenofibrate and its combination with lovastatin on the expression of genes involved in skeletal muscle atrophy , including FoxO1 and its targets .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['fenofibrate', 'lovastatin'], 'is_context_needed': True}]"
Idasanutlin was tolerable alone and in combination with cytarabine .,"[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['Idasanutlin', 'cytarabine'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
Cell surface proteins induced by fludarabine and cladribine may be targets for therapeutic antibodies .,[]
"After seven days of chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil , oxaliplatin and bevacizumab , exploratory surgery revealed a perforation at the ileum .","[{'class': 'NEG', 'spans': ['5-fluorouracil', 'oxaliplatin', 'bevacizumab'], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Nausea graded none or mild 24 h after the start of cisplatin infusion was reported in 71 and 69 % of patients in the 8- and 32-mg ondansetron groups , respectively , and in 73 % of patients in the granisetron group .","[{'class': 'POS', 'spans': ['cisplatin', 'ondansetron'], 'is_context_needed': False}, {'class': 'POS', 'spans': [0, 2], 'is_context_needed': False}]"
"Relatively recent studies have shown that dexmedetomidine is able to decrease circulating plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine concentration in approximately 50 % , decreases brain blood flow by directly acting on post-synaptic alpha 2 receptors , decreases CSF pressure without ischemic suffering and effectively decrease brain metabolism and intracranial pressure and also , able to decrease injury caused by focal ischemia .",[]