News Finding: "This makes it harder for us to think and learn."
Paper Finding: similarly found that spatial reference learning in rats remained unaffected by infection with Toxoplasma gondii, whereas spatial memory recall was impaired, highlighting the complexity and difficulty of assessing the overall effect of parasites on host cognitive processes.
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  These results may not be surprising to anyone who's been sick and tried to do activities requiring thinking and concentration. "This makes it harder for us to think and learn." Humans may also benefit from staying parasite-free.
Paper Context: In our fish host, we found that both long-and short-term parasite exposure negatively impacts visual discrimination abilities, while spatial and reversal learning was not affected. similarly found that spatial reference learning in rats remained unaffected by infection with Toxoplasma gondii, whereas spatial memory recall was impaired, highlighting the complexity and difficulty of assessing the overall effect of parasites on host cognitive processes. (b) Immune response and host cognition LPS treated fish had higher SSI than control individuals suggesting that an immune response was triggered by endotoxin injection (electronic supplementary material, figure S5 ).