---
license: gfdl
task_categories:
- sentence-similarity
language:
- en
size_categories:
- 100K<n<1M
---

# Wiki Sim

## Overview
This new semi-synthetic dataset is derived from `wikimedia/wikipedia`.
Each row contains 1-3 references sentences extracted from the original dataset.

For each reference sentence, we use an optimized DSPy program to generate 4 similar sentences:
- *Synonym* (Replace words with synonyms to maintain the same meaning.)
- *Paraphrase* (Rephrase the sentence using a different structure while keeping the same idea.)
- *Conceptual Overlap* (Express a related concept differently without changing the core meaning.)
- *Contextual Meaning* (Modify the sentence to derive meaning from context, preserving the original intent.)

Additionally, we score each result using `cross-encoder/stsb-roberta-large`.
We use this to mine hard negatives from different contiguous sentences in the original passage, retaining the most similar result.

## Purpose

We aim to expand training for small models like [WordLlama](https://github.com/dleemiller/WordLlama),
general embedding models, and targeting benchmarks like stsb and similarity tasks differing from NLI or QnA.

## Dataset

The colums of the dataset include:

`synonym`
`paraphrase`
`conceptual_overlap`
`contextual_meaning`
`reference`
`negative`
`negative_score`
`model_id`
`cross_encoder`
`synonym_score`
`paraphrase_score`
`conceptual_overlap_score`
`contextual_meaning_score`

where `reference` and `negative` are derived from `wikimedia/wikipedia`,
and the similarity text columns are synthetically derived.

We filter all rows where negative scores exceed any of the similarity scores.

## Results

The 4 instruction types produce results of varying similarity scores,
with the most similar being `synonym` and least similar `contextual meaning`.

<img src="cdf_plot_scores.png" alt="CDF Plot" width="600"/>