diff --git "a/data/en108/text/00000002.txt" "b/data/en108/text/00000002.txt"
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+srNrUlWeC7U-00000-00000006-00000611 foreign
+srNrUlWeC7U-00001-00000612-00000916 we want to go through the scripts I know
+srNrUlWeC7U-00002-00000917-00001199 um Gerald I've actually done the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00003-00001200-00001403 installation with the with the scripts
+srNrUlWeC7U-00004-00001404-00001601 last week
+srNrUlWeC7U-00005-00001602-00001930 um and I got uh feedback on on telegram
+srNrUlWeC7U-00006-00001932-00002026 Channel
+srNrUlWeC7U-00007-00002027-00002531 about a few items that uh in that um at
+srNrUlWeC7U-00008-00002532-00002879 least to check from me so
+srNrUlWeC7U-00009-00002880-00003240 um today I'm going to do the setup
+srNrUlWeC7U-00010-00003242-00003625 uh with the installation uh using
+srNrUlWeC7U-00011-00003626-00003959 ansible scripts and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00012-00003960-00004115 I'll
+srNrUlWeC7U-00013-00004116-00004559 kind of have uh or do that in two steps
+srNrUlWeC7U-00014-00004560-00004763 one is to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00015-00004764-00005117 give a brief overview of uh the scripts
+srNrUlWeC7U-00016-00005118-00005506 at least how they look like how I have
+srNrUlWeC7U-00017-00005507-00005879 um roles and tasks organized and at
+srNrUlWeC7U-00018-00005880-00006052 least what are we supporting right now
+srNrUlWeC7U-00019-00006053-00006322 and what are we not supporting yet
+srNrUlWeC7U-00020-00006323-00006731 yes and then we go to asava we do SSH
+srNrUlWeC7U-00021-00006731-00006910 into a server and do any installation
+srNrUlWeC7U-00022-00006911-00007337 Together live with the screen shared
+srNrUlWeC7U-00023-00007338-00007870 so I'm going to share my screen now
+srNrUlWeC7U-00024-00007872-00008387 and um
+srNrUlWeC7U-00025-00008388-00008645 meanwhile you can you can are you able
+srNrUlWeC7U-00026-00008646-00009131 to see my screen
+srNrUlWeC7U-00027-00009132-00009928 yes we can yes that I'm not window right
+srNrUlWeC7U-00028-00009929-00010228 so we're going to navigate into the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00029-00010229-00010381 project directory
+srNrUlWeC7U-00030-00010382-00010691 this is where we have um
+srNrUlWeC7U-00031-00010692-00011003 a repository at least for the dhs2 tools
+srNrUlWeC7U-00032-00011004-00011519 so this repository has um a structure
+srNrUlWeC7U-00033-00011520-00011891 um it has deploy folder docs folder and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00034-00011892-00012106 at least a readme file here an
+srNrUlWeC7U-00035-00012107-00012581 answerable configuration file so we have
+srNrUlWeC7U-00036-00012582-00012863 our deployment script within the deploy
+srNrUlWeC7U-00037-00012863-00013129 folder and then
+srNrUlWeC7U-00038-00013130-00013583 documentations basically we can check
+srNrUlWeC7U-00039-00013584-00013903 what is in documentation real quick
+srNrUlWeC7U-00040-00013904-00014243 then you notice that we have readme
+srNrUlWeC7U-00041-00014244-00014663 files and MD files markdown files so uh
+srNrUlWeC7U-00042-00014663-00015088 uh the end goal is to at least have
+srNrUlWeC7U-00043-00015090-00015294 um
+srNrUlWeC7U-00044-00015295-00015599 guidance within this document for
+srNrUlWeC7U-00045-00015600-00015761 instance if we talk about monitoring
+srNrUlWeC7U-00046-00015762-00016013 what are we monitoring and which tools
+srNrUlWeC7U-00047-00016013-00016297 are we using you know yeah and then also
+srNrUlWeC7U-00048-00016297-00016672 give also more information on postgresql
+srNrUlWeC7U-00049-00016673-00017044 tuning and much stuff so we aim at
+srNrUlWeC7U-00050-00017045-00017453 having documents all all the documents
+srNrUlWeC7U-00051-00017454-00017813 in this folder and then um of course
+srNrUlWeC7U-00052-00017814-00018029 there's a readme file here this file
+srNrUlWeC7U-00053-00018030-00018371 really has a step-by-step installation
+srNrUlWeC7U-00054-00018372-00018617 it looks like this it's it's just giving
+srNrUlWeC7U-00055-00018618-00018965 us the step-by-step guide on how you can
+srNrUlWeC7U-00056-00018966-00019361 go about doing installation of the the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00057-00019362-00019619 app with ansible scripts prerequisite
+srNrUlWeC7U-00058-00019620-00019835 and things that you need to do during
+srNrUlWeC7U-00059-00019836-00020093 the installation process
+srNrUlWeC7U-00060-00020094-00020477 um So within that deploy directory is
+srNrUlWeC7U-00061-00020478-00020886 where we have our deployment code
+srNrUlWeC7U-00062-00020887-00021191 and we do organize the the deployment
+srNrUlWeC7U-00063-00021192-00021521 code into roles and simple roles and if
+srNrUlWeC7U-00064-00021522-00021911 I check uh inside roles we have the hs2
+srNrUlWeC7U-00065-00021912-00022330 role firewall role integration role and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00066-00022331-00022667 then lxt in need role and down to proxy
+srNrUlWeC7U-00067-00022668-00022955 so the hs2 role is really
+srNrUlWeC7U-00068-00022956-00023327 um used to deploy data S2 World file and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00069-00023328-00023513 before that there are some things that
+srNrUlWeC7U-00070-00023514-00023717 you need to do before you deploy the war
+srNrUlWeC7U-00071-00023718-00024125 file such as setting up Tomcats you know
+srNrUlWeC7U-00072-00024126-00024443 installing Java and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00073-00024444-00024791 fixing security or rather doing best
+srNrUlWeC7U-00074-00024792-00024983 security practices for Java installation
+srNrUlWeC7U-00075-00024984-00025336 and even Tomcat installation you know
+srNrUlWeC7U-00076-00025337-00025637 and then there's firewall firewall is
+srNrUlWeC7U-00077-00025638-00025906 really related to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00078-00025907-00026134 um locking the containers that you do
+srNrUlWeC7U-00079-00026135-00026435 create or rather locking the servers
+srNrUlWeC7U-00080-00026436-00026723 that you have to and an opening ports
+srNrUlWeC7U-00081-00026724-00027155 that are really necessary uh required to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00082-00027156-00027389 be accessible from the network and not
+srNrUlWeC7U-00083-00027389-00027683 even from the from the network the old
+srNrUlWeC7U-00084-00027683-00028001 Network per se but only from where they
+srNrUlWeC7U-00085-00028002-00028264 are required to be accessed from for
+srNrUlWeC7U-00086-00028266-00028577 instance for the dhis2 container or
+srNrUlWeC7U-00087-00028577-00028907 server you just need to uh to open port
+srNrUlWeC7U-00088-00028908-00029201 uh 8080 for Tomcat
+srNrUlWeC7U-00089-00029202-00029290 um
+srNrUlWeC7U-00090-00029291-00029740 Top Cut requests rather connection to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00091-00029741-00029951 the Java application which is a VHS to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00092-00029952-00030190 application if you are using port 8080
+srNrUlWeC7U-00093-00030191-00030418 otherwise you really need to open ports
+srNrUlWeC7U-00094-00030419-00030617 that you're using for tompat listening
+srNrUlWeC7U-00095-00030618-00030785 and then
+srNrUlWeC7U-00096-00030786-00031007 um you really if it's a sub server
+srNrUlWeC7U-00097-00031008-00031181 running somewhere else then you need to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00098-00031182-00031564 open also SSH for for management
+srNrUlWeC7U-00099-00031566-00031864 purposes and also at the end of the day
+srNrUlWeC7U-00100-00031866-00032074 if you're deploying your scripts over
+srNrUlWeC7U-00101-00032075-00032423 SSH then it means your ansible will be
+srNrUlWeC7U-00102-00032424-00032514 using
+srNrUlWeC7U-00103-00032516-00032789 the underlying connection being used is
+srNrUlWeC7U-00104-00032790-00033052 going to be SSH and then we also need to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00105-00033053-00033251 support integration
+srNrUlWeC7U-00106-00033252-00033424 um
+srNrUlWeC7U-00107-00033425-00033677 um tasks or rather integration container
+srNrUlWeC7U-00108-00033678-00033862 we want to create a container that is
+srNrUlWeC7U-00109-00033863-00034211 reserved for integration purposes you
+srNrUlWeC7U-00110-00034212-00034631 sometimes want your dhs2 application API
+srNrUlWeC7U-00111-00034632-00034859 be consumed by
+srNrUlWeC7U-00112-00034860-00035140 by some other application or you want
+srNrUlWeC7U-00113-00035141-00035489 data S2 to be able to work with some
+srNrUlWeC7U-00114-00035490-00035735 other application and you need some
+srNrUlWeC7U-00115-00035736-00035957 integration scripts or applications to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00116-00035958-00036185 be running within an integration
+srNrUlWeC7U-00117-00036186-00036611 container so that is going to be handled
+srNrUlWeC7U-00118-00036612-00036952 with this module or rather error and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00119-00036953-00037145 then there's an lxd in it if you're
+srNrUlWeC7U-00120-00037146-00037505 setting up your anti-ball on a single
+srNrUlWeC7U-00121-00037506-00037793 server then at the end of the day you're
+srNrUlWeC7U-00122-00037794-00038015 going to have
+srNrUlWeC7U-00123-00038016-00038339 um it running within lxt containers and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00124-00038340-00038699 you want to initiate you know
+srNrUlWeC7U-00125-00038700-00039055 um that one is automated here however
+srNrUlWeC7U-00126-00039056-00039635 you could uh initiate lxd with uh with
+srNrUlWeC7U-00127-00039636-00039965 with an interactive kinda session where
+srNrUlWeC7U-00128-00039966-00040318 you just run lxd init and then it's you
+srNrUlWeC7U-00129-00040319-00040643 will set up the variables manually in an
+srNrUlWeC7U-00130-00040644-00041002 interactive manner however that is also
+srNrUlWeC7U-00131-00041003-00041423 can be automated with NXT precede
+srNrUlWeC7U-00132-00041424-00041705 configuration predefined before and that
+srNrUlWeC7U-00133-00041706-00041885 is what we are doing here we want user
+srNrUlWeC7U-00134-00041886-00042124 to really
+srNrUlWeC7U-00135-00042125-00042190 um
+srNrUlWeC7U-00136-00042191-00042545 not be interactive and we want this be
+srNrUlWeC7U-00137-00042546-00042790 automated less user interaction that's
+srNrUlWeC7U-00138-00042791-00043024 why we're using NXT in it and then
+srNrUlWeC7U-00139-00043025-00043457 monitoring is really doing
+srNrUlWeC7U-00140-00043458-00043877 um is really ensuring that all the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00141-00043878-00044062 containers that you have or rather the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00142-00044063-00044249 servers if you're using distributed
+srNrUlWeC7U-00143-00044250-00044495 environment and it ensures that all
+srNrUlWeC7U-00144-00044496-00044621 those
+srNrUlWeC7U-00145-00044622-00044723 um
+srNrUlWeC7U-00146-00044724-00044993 components that you have for for your
+srNrUlWeC7U-00147-00044994-00045239 DHS to instance are being monitored
+srNrUlWeC7U-00148-00045240-00045583 using Munich and we think also of
+srNrUlWeC7U-00149-00045584-00045827 supporting in future other monitoring
+srNrUlWeC7U-00150-00045828-00046039 tools like cervix
+srNrUlWeC7U-00151-00046040-00046421 and yeah and uh and even more and then
+srNrUlWeC7U-00152-00046422-00046655 there is postgres container that one is
+srNrUlWeC7U-00153-00046656-00047002 really geared towards uh deploying
+srNrUlWeC7U-00154-00047003-00047302 postgres container and doing
+srNrUlWeC7U-00155-00047303-00047645 tasks that are related to uh postgres
+srNrUlWeC7U-00156-00047646-00048124 setup and then finally proxy so proxy is
+srNrUlWeC7U-00157-00048125-00048323 also
+srNrUlWeC7U-00158-00048324-00048646 um uh very important in our deployment
+srNrUlWeC7U-00159-00048647-00048868 process because at the end of the day to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00160-00048869-00049174 access to access our our apps we go
+srNrUlWeC7U-00161-00049175-00049571 through the proxy and right now uh as
+srNrUlWeC7U-00162-00049572-00049846 much as we want to support
+srNrUlWeC7U-00163-00049847-00050111 attach it to an nginx right now what
+srNrUlWeC7U-00164-00050112-00050393 we've have implemented already is in the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00165-00050394-00050633 next and next is to make sure that we
+srNrUlWeC7U-00166-00050634-00050980 also have support for
+srNrUlWeC7U-00167-00050981-00051311 um Apache to uh so so those are the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00168-00051312-00051580 roles that we have right now and as time
+srNrUlWeC7U-00169-00051582-00051802 goes by we might add other roles
+srNrUlWeC7U-00170-00051803-00052223 depending on the on the need and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00171-00052224-00052565 yes so
+srNrUlWeC7U-00172-00052566-00052823 we will also add if need be custom
+srNrUlWeC7U-00173-00052824-00053026 libraries but right now we don't have
+srNrUlWeC7U-00174-00053027-00053537 libraries here so we just have roles and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00175-00053538-00053819 maybe in future we want to take to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00176-00053820-00054173 further organize and have uh inventories
+srNrUlWeC7U-00177-00054174-00054503 and and even the playbooks within their
+srNrUlWeC7U-00178-00054504-00054754 own directories yeah so right now this
+srNrUlWeC7U-00179-00054755-00055085 is how it is set up but it it's uh it's
+srNrUlWeC7U-00180-00055086-00055554 Gonna Change let me be in future so
+srNrUlWeC7U-00181-00055555-00055992 uh I want to also mention that supported
+srNrUlWeC7U-00182-00055994-00056399 ansible version is 2.11 because we do
+srNrUlWeC7U-00183-00056400-00056500 once
+srNrUlWeC7U-00184-00056501-00056800 um uh also to use Community General
+srNrUlWeC7U-00185-00056801-00057137 modules like ufw module and we want to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00186-00057138-00057425 support lxd container module it's the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00187-00057426-00057773 model that we use to create lxd
+srNrUlWeC7U-00188-00057774-00058042 containers if I can just deploy display
+srNrUlWeC7U-00189-00058044-00058361 one of the one of the ansible scripts
+srNrUlWeC7U-00190-00058362-00058613 that we have that creates container you
+srNrUlWeC7U-00191-00058614-00058811 would notice that
+srNrUlWeC7U-00192-00058812-00059015 the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00193-00059016-00059225 world
+srNrUlWeC7U-00194-00059226-00059488 this one even you notice that we are
+srNrUlWeC7U-00195-00059489-00059776 using a Community General lxd container
+srNrUlWeC7U-00196-00059777-00060142 this module comes with uh with Community
+srNrUlWeC7U-00197-00060144-00060311 General Motors you need to have
+srNrUlWeC7U-00198-00060312-00060550 Community General modules installed with
+srNrUlWeC7U-00199-00060551-00060838 your ansible for it to work and one of
+srNrUlWeC7U-00200-00060839-00060988 this is just one of them but there are
+srNrUlWeC7U-00201-00060989-00061265 other modules like ufw ufw module also
+srNrUlWeC7U-00202-00061266-00061582 is is also a member of that uh or it's
+srNrUlWeC7U-00203-00061583-00061775 uh it's included within Community
+srNrUlWeC7U-00204-00061776-00062182 General module so for Community General
+srNrUlWeC7U-00205-00062183-00062532 model to be able to work you would need
+srNrUlWeC7U-00206-00062533-00062765 ansible version
+srNrUlWeC7U-00207-00062766-00063029 um 2.11 and above
+srNrUlWeC7U-00208-00063029-00063197 so that means
+srNrUlWeC7U-00209-00063198-00063473 in your setup environment you really
+srNrUlWeC7U-00210-00063474-00063671 have to make sure that you have that
+srNrUlWeC7U-00211-00063672-00063899 version of ansible or even
+srNrUlWeC7U-00212-00063900-00064144 uh newer version
+srNrUlWeC7U-00213-00064145-00064625 and uh for instance on Ubuntu 1804
+srNrUlWeC7U-00214-00064626-00064859 even if you install ANSI board with
+srNrUlWeC7U-00215-00064860-00065213 private package PPR I mean the artist
+srNrUlWeC7U-00216-00065214-00065513 from the official ansible repository it
+srNrUlWeC7U-00217-00065514-00065831 will get you 2.9 at least the most
+srNrUlWeC7U-00218-00065832-00066041 fashion the latest version supported
+srNrUlWeC7U-00219-00066042-00066491 there is 2.9 uh nine zero so that means
+srNrUlWeC7U-00220-00066492-00066797 if you are running on an Ubuntu 1804
+srNrUlWeC7U-00221-00066798-00067037 server then you need to think of other
+srNrUlWeC7U-00222-00067038-00067355 ways of installing ansible that will
+srNrUlWeC7U-00223-00067356-00067582 give you the very latest version like
+srNrUlWeC7U-00224-00067583-00067787 using pip3
+srNrUlWeC7U-00225-00067788-00068363 yeah however on Ubuntu 2004 and 2204
+srNrUlWeC7U-00226-00068364-00068525 official
+srNrUlWeC7U-00227-00068526-00068987 ppf for ansible is is just going to give
+srNrUlWeC7U-00228-00068988-00069221 you a latest version of ansible out of
+srNrUlWeC7U-00229-00069222-00069317 the box
+srNrUlWeC7U-00230-00069318-00069665 so yeah
+srNrUlWeC7U-00231-00069666-00069976 um so we're going to set it up uh I want
+srNrUlWeC7U-00232-00069977-00070211 us to set up anti-ball sorry I want us
+srNrUlWeC7U-00233-00070212-00070511 to set up the attacks to refresh on on a
+srNrUlWeC7U-00234-00070512-00070888 server somewhere and and for you to be
+srNrUlWeC7U-00235-00070889-00071093 able to do that first thing that you
+srNrUlWeC7U-00236-00071094-00071206 need is
+srNrUlWeC7U-00237-00071207-00071532 um is the server for of course either
+srNrUlWeC7U-00238-00071533-00072029 1804 2004 or 2204 and then number two is
+srNrUlWeC7U-00239-00072030-00072215 your ability to connect to that server
+srNrUlWeC7U-00240-00072216-00072509 you can use if you have physical console
+srNrUlWeC7U-00241-00072510-00072850 if you have SSH then you need to at
+srNrUlWeC7U-00242-00072851-00073121 least have a connection to that server
+srNrUlWeC7U-00243-00073122-00073282 and then
+srNrUlWeC7U-00244-00073283-00073559 um at least the server for now needs to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00245-00073560-00073781 have internet because
+srNrUlWeC7U-00246-00073782-00073961 um to install the ansible to make it
+srNrUlWeC7U-00247-00073962-00074135 easier otherwise you that there are
+srNrUlWeC7U-00248-00074136-00074243 other ways that you could install
+srNrUlWeC7U-00249-00074244-00074555 packages you know internet but right now
+srNrUlWeC7U-00250-00074556-00074813 um we are using internet to pull our
+srNrUlWeC7U-00251-00074814-00075094 packages to install ansible and even at
+srNrUlWeC7U-00252-00075095-00075263 the end of the day when you run ansible
+srNrUlWeC7U-00253-00075264-00075437 pools
+srNrUlWeC7U-00254-00075438-00075538 um
+srNrUlWeC7U-00255-00075539-00075935 data S2 image data is to what file from
+srNrUlWeC7U-00256-00075936-00076294 from the official site that needs
+srNrUlWeC7U-00257-00076295-00076375 internet
+srNrUlWeC7U-00258-00076376-00076955 and uh yeah so number three is what
+srNrUlWeC7U-00259-00076956-00077171 um let's just do a follow follow the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00260-00077172-00077537 installation script uh sorry readme file
+srNrUlWeC7U-00261-00077538-00077825 this is it that means we need a fully
+srNrUlWeC7U-00262-00077826-00078065 qualified domain name and then at least
+srNrUlWeC7U-00263-00078066-00078371 on Ubuntu Server well SSL certificate is
+srNrUlWeC7U-00264-00078372-00078562 not a requirement you don't need to have
+srNrUlWeC7U-00265-00078563-00078725 that file physically on the server
+srNrUlWeC7U-00266-00078726-00078941 because you can as well use let's
+srNrUlWeC7U-00267-00078942-00079306 encrypt and then the internet
+srNrUlWeC7U-00268-00079307-00079615 access on the servers of course and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00269-00079616-00079931 if you're going to install ansible this
+srNrUlWeC7U-00270-00079932-00080159 way you're not using pip3 then you're
+srNrUlWeC7U-00271-00080160-00080449 going to need Ubuntu 2004 and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00272-00080450-00080915 2204 uh version of Ubuntu server
+srNrUlWeC7U-00273-00080916-00082849 so let's SSH to the server
+srNrUlWeC7U-00274-00082850-00083188 and right now there are no there's no
+srNrUlWeC7U-00275-00083189-00083381 container running
+srNrUlWeC7U-00276-00083382-00083681 it's uh it's a it's not fresh out about
+srNrUlWeC7U-00277-00083682-00084076 it's no data is too installed here so I
+srNrUlWeC7U-00278-00084077-00084347 want to delete this
+srNrUlWeC7U-00279-00084348-00084635 so that we can just follow and do a
+srNrUlWeC7U-00280-00084636-00084797 fresh installation
+srNrUlWeC7U-00281-00084798-00085061 uh completely so we're going to delete
+srNrUlWeC7U-00282-00085062-00085253 this uh
+srNrUlWeC7U-00283-00085254-00085588 folder and then we want to first of all
+srNrUlWeC7U-00284-00085589-00085738 before you do installation you need to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00285-00085739-00085979 pull the deployment script from GitHub
+srNrUlWeC7U-00286-00085980-00086399 and that is done with Git book clone
+srNrUlWeC7U-00287-00086400-00086699 uh this is the the project from GitHub
+srNrUlWeC7U-00288-00086700-00087011 it's available online so that basically
+srNrUlWeC7U-00289-00087012-00087281 pulls the project into the server that
+srNrUlWeC7U-00290-00087282-00087509 you want to do deployment into and then
+srNrUlWeC7U-00291-00087510-00087731 you need to navigate to the deployment
+srNrUlWeC7U-00292-00087732-00087959 that I mean the DHS to server tools
+srNrUlWeC7U-00293-00087960-00088187 directory that's where that's where
+srNrUlWeC7U-00294-00088188-00088391 you're gonna have readme file this is a
+srNrUlWeC7U-00295-00088392-00088667 file that is available also online that
+srNrUlWeC7U-00296-00088668-00088876 you could follow during the installation
+srNrUlWeC7U-00297-00088877-00089194 process so for deployment if you want to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00298-00089195-00089405 start deployment you need to to do it
+srNrUlWeC7U-00299-00089406-00089668 from the deployment folder and you need
+srNrUlWeC7U-00300-00089669-00089981 to fast edit inventory file inventory
+srNrUlWeC7U-00301-00089982-00090244 host file it has
+srNrUlWeC7U-00302-00090245-00090329 um
+srNrUlWeC7U-00303-00090330-00090665 the very first 10 lines are really the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00304-00090666-00090953 um the containers or rather how your
+srNrUlWeC7U-00305-00090954-00091211 your your your script will be deploying
+srNrUlWeC7U-00306-00091212-00091565 your containers it will have proxy and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00307-00091566-00091841 then it will have databases group and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00308-00091842-00092099 then instances group and then monitoring
+srNrUlWeC7U-00309-00092100-00092249 group
+srNrUlWeC7U-00310-00092250-00092591 um instances are the the container
+srNrUlWeC7U-00311-00092592-00092831 instance that are going to be they're
+srNrUlWeC7U-00312-00092832-00093035 going to be hosting Java or rather
+srNrUlWeC7U-00313-00093036-00093568 Tomcat instances of data S2 and here
+srNrUlWeC7U-00314-00093569-00093868 um it means we're going to have two two
+srNrUlWeC7U-00315-00093869-00094061 instances of data test we're going to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00316-00094062-00094144 have
+srNrUlWeC7U-00317-00094145-00094397 one called psis2 and another one called
+srNrUlWeC7U-00318-00094398-00094685 training you in your environment you
+srNrUlWeC7U-00319-00094686-00094967 just need to run one instance of get S2
+srNrUlWeC7U-00320-00094968-00095194 then you don't need to have two you just
+srNrUlWeC7U-00321-00095195-00095393 need to have one and you can rename it
+srNrUlWeC7U-00322-00095394-00095603 to something else like um
+srNrUlWeC7U-00323-00095604-00095812 hmis for instance
+srNrUlWeC7U-00324-00095813-00096041 that means it's going to deploy get us
+srNrUlWeC7U-00325-00096042-00096131 to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00326-00096132-00096449 with that name and then you're going to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00327-00096450-00096838 you you're going to have another line um
+srNrUlWeC7U-00328-00096839-00097103 that creates monitoring container called
+srNrUlWeC7U-00329-00097104-00097421 Monitor and that is going to be hosting
+srNrUlWeC7U-00330-00097422-00097523 Munich
+srNrUlWeC7U-00331-00097524-00097667 that at the end of the day you're going
+srNrUlWeC7U-00332-00097668-00097853 to monitor your containers or even
+srNrUlWeC7U-00333-00097854-00098075 servers it depends on the environment
+srNrUlWeC7U-00334-00098076-00098482 so one of the variables that we would
+srNrUlWeC7U-00335-00098483-00098705 need before installation is the fully
+srNrUlWeC7U-00336-00098706-00098932 qualified domain name you would need to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00337-00098933-00099155 have a domain name that dissolves to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00338-00099156-00099538 your server's public IP address yeah the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00339-00099539-00099830 one that I have already is
+srNrUlWeC7U-00340-00099831-00100123 [Music]
+srNrUlWeC7U-00341-00100124-00100615 dot com and you need to have an email
+srNrUlWeC7U-00342-00100616-00100991 for let's encrypt uh notification for
+srNrUlWeC7U-00343-00100992-00101182 instance if your certificate is expiring
+srNrUlWeC7U-00344-00101183-00101423 then you need to get notified so that is
+srNrUlWeC7U-00345-00101424-00101687 the email that you will lead to to key
+srNrUlWeC7U-00346-00101688-00102029 in here it's used for Less encrypt
+srNrUlWeC7U-00347-00102030-00102299 notification when certificate is
+srNrUlWeC7U-00348-00102300-00102592 expiring that is that it's that is its
+srNrUlWeC7U-00349-00102593-00103001 main reason uh so just put a dumb email
+srNrUlWeC7U-00350-00103002-00103840 like tutor at
+srNrUlWeC7U-00351-00103841-00104134 um yeah but in production environment it
+srNrUlWeC7U-00352-00104135-00104308 needs to be a working image otherwise
+srNrUlWeC7U-00353-00104309-00104458 you would miss to get those
+srNrUlWeC7U-00354-00104459-00104782 notifications in case your your server
+srNrUlWeC7U-00355-00104783-00105065 certificate is expiring so these are the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00356-00105066-00105419 variables down here
+srNrUlWeC7U-00357-00105420-00105725 um and that you you don't have to change
+srNrUlWeC7U-00358-00105726-00105977 them if you want to say half mooning
+srNrUlWeC7U-00359-00105978-00106271 monitoring your your infrastructure and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00360-00106272-00106534 you want to access also you you want to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00361-00106535-00106769 ask to at least monitor your application
+srNrUlWeC7U-00362-00106770-00106936 with um
+srNrUlWeC7U-00363-00106938-00107183 uh with low root then you need to have
+srNrUlWeC7U-00364-00107183-00107602 these left varieties and then ansible
+srNrUlWeC7U-00365-00107603-00107716 connection
+srNrUlWeC7U-00366-00107717-00107969 this is another very important uh
+srNrUlWeC7U-00367-00107970-00108286 variable that you you would change if if
+srNrUlWeC7U-00368-00108288-00108660 your your host up here
+srNrUlWeC7U-00369-00108661-00108958 are physical servers that you will be
+srNrUlWeC7U-00370-00108959-00109210 connecting to them via SSH then you need
+srNrUlWeC7U-00371-00109211-00109678 to change uh connection to uh to SSH
+srNrUlWeC7U-00372-00109679-00110015 from lxd supported options are lxt and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00373-00110016-00110428 SSH and as I mentioned lxd is if you
+srNrUlWeC7U-00374-00110429-00110740 want to set up and the hs2 environment
+srNrUlWeC7U-00375-00110741-00110908 within single server using lxt
+srNrUlWeC7U-00376-00110909-00111299 collection however LX SSH is supported
+srNrUlWeC7U-00377-00111300-00111563 also options for
+srNrUlWeC7U-00378-00111564-00111977 um proxy uh nginx and Apache 2. so in
+srNrUlWeC7U-00379-00111978-00112157 the next if you want to use
+srNrUlWeC7U-00380-00112158-00112463 uh in the next reverse proxy and Apache
+srNrUlWeC7U-00381-00112464-00112697 to you if your device blocks is going to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00382-00112698-00112978 be attached to right now we have
+srNrUlWeC7U-00383-00112979-00113221 implemented internet I'm going to write
+srNrUlWeC7U-00384-00113222-00113615 scripts for a budget 2 very soon I've
+srNrUlWeC7U-00385-00113616-00113873 also started doing that and also SSL
+srNrUlWeC7U-00386-00113874-00114166 type supported options are less encrypt
+srNrUlWeC7U-00387-00114167-00114583 it's the default there's also custom SSL
+srNrUlWeC7U-00388-00114583-00114857 for customers I said you really need to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00389-00114858-00114949 have
+srNrUlWeC7U-00390-00114950-00115325 your pen files and key within a
+srNrUlWeC7U-00391-00115326-00115534 directory for
+srNrUlWeC7U-00392-00115535-00115865 uh you know you've procured your SSS
+srNrUlWeC7U-00393-00115866-00116002 certificate somewhere and you want to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00394-00116003-00116195 just use it you don't want to use it
+srNrUlWeC7U-00395-00116196-00116483 then you're going to use custom SSL and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00396-00116483-00116789 then that is Upstream Upstream is when
+srNrUlWeC7U-00397-00116790-00116890 you
+srNrUlWeC7U-00398-00116891-00117340 you do not uh want SSL termination done
+srNrUlWeC7U-00399-00117341-00117623 here you're doing it maybe you're doing
+srNrUlWeC7U-00400-00117624-00117851 it somewhere else you just want to set
+srNrUlWeC7U-00401-00117852-00118054 up the hs2 and you don't want to do
+srNrUlWeC7U-00402-00118055-00118499 anything uh SSL at this point and then
+srNrUlWeC7U-00403-00118500-00118751 there's also sub signed um
+srNrUlWeC7U-00404-00118752-00119075 you know so just a small suggestion
+srNrUlWeC7U-00405-00119076-00119299 while I'm looking at this
+srNrUlWeC7U-00406-00119300-00119675 I wonder if the time zone
+srNrUlWeC7U-00407-00119676-00119933 whether you should push that up higher
+srNrUlWeC7U-00408-00119933-00120136 in the file because most of the stuff
+srNrUlWeC7U-00409-00120138-00120293 down there you will just leave the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00410-00120294-00120545 defaults the time zones one of the ones
+srNrUlWeC7U-00411-00120546-00120754 that you probably almost always going to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00412-00120755-00121049 change okay so maybe to get a stick it
+srNrUlWeC7U-00413-00121050-00121252 up with fqdn in the email
+srNrUlWeC7U-00414-00121253-00121547 okay it's just otherwise people might
+srNrUlWeC7U-00415-00121548-00121816 miss it in the file yeah yeah just a
+srNrUlWeC7U-00416-00121817-00121957 small suggestion
+srNrUlWeC7U-00417-00121958-00122207 it's also one of the one of the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00418-00122208-00122399 variables that changes most of the time
+srNrUlWeC7U-00419-00122400-00122825 because people hs2 will be sitting at
+srNrUlWeC7U-00420-00122826-00123221 different time zones and yes so it's a
+srNrUlWeC7U-00421-00123222-00123371 good idea to give everything that's got
+srNrUlWeC7U-00422-00123372-00123545 sensible defaults leave them at the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00423-00123546-00123743 bottom everything that's almost always
+srNrUlWeC7U-00424-00123744-00124115 going to change put it near the top okay
+srNrUlWeC7U-00425-00124116-00124457 uh-huh something else that we have on
+srNrUlWeC7U-00426-00124458-00124715 the list of the variables is time zone
+srNrUlWeC7U-00427-00124716-00124997 as Bob has mentioned you want to set it
+srNrUlWeC7U-00428-00124998-00125123 to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00429-00125124-00125489 um to to your time zone and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00430-00125490-00125681 um and the command that you can use to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00431-00125682-00125957 list the supported time zones is this
+srNrUlWeC7U-00432-00125958-00126293 one here at least and also there is an
+srNrUlWeC7U-00433-00126294-00126623 lxd Network so we've noticed in the past
+srNrUlWeC7U-00434-00126624-00127039 that sometimes your host Network
+srNrUlWeC7U-00435-00127040-00127408 uh would overlap with this network
+srNrUlWeC7U-00436-00127409-00127765 so that means that
+srNrUlWeC7U-00437-00127766-00128075 your setup is is going to have errors
+srNrUlWeC7U-00438-00128076-00128243 because
+srNrUlWeC7U-00439-00128244-00128447 um the network that you want your lxd
+srNrUlWeC7U-00440-00128448-00128602 containers is overlapping with the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00441-00128603-00128813 network that you you're sitting on on
+srNrUlWeC7U-00442-00128814-00129028 your on your host so that that is when
+srNrUlWeC7U-00443-00129029-00129352 you would uh almost need to change uh
+srNrUlWeC7U-00444-00129353-00129527 you would definitely need to change this
+srNrUlWeC7U-00445-00129528-00129797 to something else at least some other
+srNrUlWeC7U-00446-00129798-00130069 private IP address range uh Network
+srNrUlWeC7U-00447-00130070-00130351 however most of the time
+srNrUlWeC7U-00448-00130352-00130678 we chose this sorry we chose this kind
+srNrUlWeC7U-00449-00130679-00131014 of address block uh
+srNrUlWeC7U-00450-00131015-00131327 and and then we hope it's going to not
+srNrUlWeC7U-00451-00131328-00131513 overlap at most of the times with the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00452-00131514-00131716 with the network that users will be
+srNrUlWeC7U-00453-00131717-00131987 having and then this is just the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00454-00131988-00132335 electricity Bridge interface
+srNrUlWeC7U-00455-00132336-00132611 um and it's defaulting uh we are using
+srNrUlWeC7U-00456-00132612-00132959 NXT Beach zero right now but uh you can
+srNrUlWeC7U-00457-00132960-00133189 change that also say you have another
+srNrUlWeC7U-00458-00133190-00133571 you know the existing LSD Network say
+srNrUlWeC7U-00459-00133572-00133828 lxd Bridge zero and he wants to set up a
+srNrUlWeC7U-00460-00133829-00134140 fresh Network for your dhs2 environment
+srNrUlWeC7U-00461-00134141-00134302 then you change this to something else
+srNrUlWeC7U-00462-00134303-00134519 so that it will not overlap with the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00463-00134520-00134704 order the existing network if you want
+srNrUlWeC7U-00464-00134705-00135071 to have completed separate um
+srNrUlWeC7U-00465-00135072-00135304 Network for your digestive deployment
+srNrUlWeC7U-00466-00135305-00135599 and then there is guest OS this is the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00467-00135600-00135881 the OS that your containers will be
+srNrUlWeC7U-00468-00135882-00136187 running right now it's open uh Ubuntu
+srNrUlWeC7U-00469-00136188-00136666 2004 but you can also do Ubuntu
+srNrUlWeC7U-00470-00136667-00136752 um
+srNrUlWeC7U-00471-00136753-00137159 2204 we don't support 18 at this point
+srNrUlWeC7U-00472-00137160-00137507 and also there's an architecture of your
+srNrUlWeC7U-00473-00137508-00137914 your guest Opera guest OS md4 this is
+srNrUlWeC7U-00474-00137915-00138131 the Intel mushroom and then there is
+srNrUlWeC7U-00475-00138132-00138371 also arm-based systems so you want to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00476-00138372-00138749 change these two to that architecture
+srNrUlWeC7U-00477-00138750-00139223 so if we quickly list images let's see
+srNrUlWeC7U-00478-00139224-00139483 at least
+srNrUlWeC7U-00479-00139484-00139889 image list completely
+srNrUlWeC7U-00480-00139890-00140290 then you notice that there there are the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00481-00140291-00140509 images support different
+srNrUlWeC7U-00482-00140510-00140939 architectures uh yeah this times 8664
+srNrUlWeC7U-00483-00140940-00141328 architecture there's this arm71 and then
+srNrUlWeC7U-00484-00141329-00141557 so it depends on your system really the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00485-00141558-00141790 host that you are running and most of
+srNrUlWeC7U-00486-00141791-00142066 the hosts are running this kind of
+srNrUlWeC7U-00487-00142067-00142465 architecture times h664. this is
+srNrUlWeC7U-00488-00142466-00142589 [Music]
+srNrUlWeC7U-00489-00142590-00142811 this is really the default the one that
+srNrUlWeC7U-00490-00142812-00143033 we are supporting by default and it is
+srNrUlWeC7U-00491-00143034-00143140 um
+srNrUlWeC7U-00492-00143141-00143531 AMD yeah so
+srNrUlWeC7U-00493-00143532-00144077 you might also want your instances
+srNrUlWeC7U-00494-00144078-00144323 well rather you might have two different
+srNrUlWeC7U-00495-00144324-00144725 instances writing to different
+srNrUlWeC7U-00496-00144726-00145066 databases so yeah if you have two
+srNrUlWeC7U-00497-00145067-00145283 databases hosts for instance you have
+srNrUlWeC7U-00498-00145284-00145577 postgres and something else then the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00499-00145578-00145811 default is postgres but you can also
+srNrUlWeC7U-00500-00145812-00145990 change it to something else if you have
+srNrUlWeC7U-00501-00145991-00146231 two databases up here if you have for
+srNrUlWeC7U-00502-00146232-00146447 instance
+srNrUlWeC7U-00503-00146448-00147016 postgres one
+srNrUlWeC7U-00504-00147017-00147395 on on a different IP address say 30 so
+srNrUlWeC7U-00505-00147396-00147635 you're going to have another
+srNrUlWeC7U-00506-00147636-00147928 instance of data S2
+srNrUlWeC7U-00507-00147929-00148017 say
+srNrUlWeC7U-00508-00148018-00148266 [Music]
+srNrUlWeC7U-00509-00148267-00148763 hmis2 and you want it to write to a
+srNrUlWeC7U-00510-00148764-00149002 different database say postgres1
+srNrUlWeC7U-00511-00149003-00149261 yeah like this
+srNrUlWeC7U-00512-00149262-00149566 so that's also possible so that you can
+srNrUlWeC7U-00513-00149567-00149725 you can
+srNrUlWeC7U-00514-00149726-00150143 have different DHS to instances writing
+srNrUlWeC7U-00515-00150144-00150395 to different databases
+srNrUlWeC7U-00516-00150396-00150527 yeah
+srNrUlWeC7U-00517-00150528-00150827 so that comes in when people would want
+srNrUlWeC7U-00518-00150828-00151102 to separate production databases and and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00519-00151103-00151237 training
+srNrUlWeC7U-00520-00151238-00151571 instances of the of the databases
+srNrUlWeC7U-00521-00151572-00151864 yeah and then at the very
+srNrUlWeC7U-00522-00151865-00152239 uh line 46 is the data s215
+srNrUlWeC7U-00523-00152240-00152495 because at the end of the day you want
+srNrUlWeC7U-00524-00152496-00152837 to deploy a war file either from a file
+srNrUlWeC7U-00525-00152838-00153161 if you have your waffle within
+srNrUlWeC7U-00526-00153162-00153226 um
+srNrUlWeC7U-00527-00153227-00153533 a directory then you can just give the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00528-00153534-00153857 path to that directory or if you also
+srNrUlWeC7U-00529-00153858-00154090 download it online when we're doing the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00530-00154091-00154313 deployment then you just need to give
+srNrUlWeC7U-00531-00154314-00154781 them the URL to that profile link
+srNrUlWeC7U-00532-00154782-00154978 and then yeah
+srNrUlWeC7U-00533-00154979-00155207 of course the Java version that you want
+srNrUlWeC7U-00534-00155208-00155357 to run right now we are defaulting to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00535-00155358-00155554 Java level and we want to create
+srNrUlWeC7U-00536-00155555-00155831 databases during the deployment and we
+srNrUlWeC7U-00537-00155832-00156197 want also to at least if if we don't
+srNrUlWeC7U-00538-00156198-00156526 Define this databases host up there it
+srNrUlWeC7U-00539-00156527-00156773 defaults to postgres but that means you
+srNrUlWeC7U-00540-00156774-00157043 need to have a host different there for
+srNrUlWeC7U-00541-00157044-00157283 the for the database
+srNrUlWeC7U-00542-00157284-00157666 so after that
+srNrUlWeC7U-00543-00157667-00157726 um
+srNrUlWeC7U-00544-00157727-00158104 if you are on um on on if you're doing
+srNrUlWeC7U-00545-00158105-00158297 your installation on a single server
+srNrUlWeC7U-00546-00158298-00158651 then
+srNrUlWeC7U-00547-00158652-00158969 um we're going to use lxd connection and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00548-00158970-00159221 at the end of the day either way if you
+srNrUlWeC7U-00549-00159222-00159407 are on on the multiple server
+srNrUlWeC7U-00550-00159408-00159647 environment or single server environment
+srNrUlWeC7U-00551-00159648-00160037 then you need to set up and simple so to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00552-00160038-00160451 set up ansible is is just you need to on
+srNrUlWeC7U-00553-00160452-00160661 a flash server environment you just need
+srNrUlWeC7U-00554-00160662-00160847 to update your server
+srNrUlWeC7U-00555-00160848-00161069 and then you need to supply your
+srNrUlWeC7U-00556-00161070-00162173 singular password
+srNrUlWeC7U-00557-00162174-00162425 so this is going to just to install I
+srNrUlWeC7U-00558-00162426-00162695 mean at least update your packages and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00559-00162696-00162833 then you need to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00560-00162834-00163085 upgrade
+srNrUlWeC7U-00561-00163086-00163402 on a very fresh environment if if you
+srNrUlWeC7U-00562-00163403-00163631 don't have you might be you will be
+srNrUlWeC7U-00563-00163632-00163907 having packages that needs uh to be
+srNrUlWeC7U-00564-00163908-00164159 upgraded so these errors that warning
+srNrUlWeC7U-00565-00164160-00164309 errors that we are getting here is
+srNrUlWeC7U-00566-00164310-00164675 because on Ubuntu 2004 the the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00567-00164676-00164926 deprecated the support for um
+srNrUlWeC7U-00568-00164927-00165263 custom PPS like these ones the Keystone
+srNrUlWeC7U-00569-00165264-00165551 Legacy trust fpg are deprecated that's
+srNrUlWeC7U-00570-00165552-00165739 why you're getting these errors
+srNrUlWeC7U-00571-00165740-00166163 warning sorry warning and after that you
+srNrUlWeC7U-00572-00166164-00166289 need to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00573-00166290-00166583 add software properties common
+srNrUlWeC7U-00574-00166584-00167023 super sudo I mean just following this um
+srNrUlWeC7U-00575-00167024-00167333 deployment guideline is that you need to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00576-00167334-00167525 add um software
+srNrUlWeC7U-00577-00167526-00167957 properties uh common this is the package
+srNrUlWeC7U-00578-00167958-00168240 that helps you add custom repositories
+srNrUlWeC7U-00579-00168241-00168575 uh yeah so you would install of course
+srNrUlWeC7U-00580-00168576-00168857 in my environment it's already set up so
+srNrUlWeC7U-00581-00168858-00169085 they are also already installed that's
+srNrUlWeC7U-00582-00169086-00169426 why we get that this is of the deck
+srNrUlWeC7U-00583-00169427-00169757 system next is setting up ansible and we
+srNrUlWeC7U-00584-00169758-00169937 are adding a
+srNrUlWeC7U-00585-00169938-00170152 official PPA
+srNrUlWeC7U-00586-00170153-00170339 because you want to install latest
+srNrUlWeC7U-00587-00170340-00170695 version of ansible at least
+srNrUlWeC7U-00588-00170696-00171011 2.11 to 11 and under buff that's why we
+srNrUlWeC7U-00589-00171012-00171409 are using uh this official report PPA
+srNrUlWeC7U-00590-00171410-00171713 otherwise if you just do install ansible
+srNrUlWeC7U-00591-00171714-00171989 without adding that um
+srNrUlWeC7U-00592-00171990-00172361 EPA then you will get you might get a
+srNrUlWeC7U-00593-00172362-00172583 version that you don't want
+srNrUlWeC7U-00594-00172584-00173002 and after that after adding the the repo
+srNrUlWeC7U-00595-00173003-00173699 then you need to install ansible
+srNrUlWeC7U-00596-00173700-00173975 and on this environment it is installed
+srNrUlWeC7U-00597-00173976-00174593 and if you check ansible fashion
+srNrUlWeC7U-00598-00174594-00174809 you notice that the version that we have
+srNrUlWeC7U-00599-00174810-00175187 is 213 so it's over it's it's it's 2.11
+srNrUlWeC7U-00600-00175188-00175402 above so it we are okay we can now
+srNrUlWeC7U-00601-00175403-00175601 proceed with our installation
+srNrUlWeC7U-00602-00175602-00175913 after you've set up
+srNrUlWeC7U-00603-00175914-00176195 ansible in your system remember if you
+srNrUlWeC7U-00604-00176196-00176399 are on on a multiple server environment
+srNrUlWeC7U-00605-00176400-00176578 then you're going to do this on on a
+srNrUlWeC7U-00606-00176579-00176783 deployment server on a deployment
+srNrUlWeC7U-00607-00176784-00177059 instance however on on a single server
+srNrUlWeC7U-00608-00177060-00177209 environment then you're going to do this
+srNrUlWeC7U-00609-00177210-00177514 within that single same server
+srNrUlWeC7U-00610-00177515-00177683 so
+srNrUlWeC7U-00611-00177684-00177995 after you've set up ansible then you
+srNrUlWeC7U-00612-00177996-00178259 need to get these um Community General
+srNrUlWeC7U-00613-00178260-00178378 modules
+srNrUlWeC7U-00614-00178379-00178601 yeah so
+srNrUlWeC7U-00615-00178602-00179243 super
+srNrUlWeC7U-00616-00179244-00179821 foreign
+srNrUlWeC7U-00617-00179822-00180107 Community General module so this will
+srNrUlWeC7U-00618-00180108-00180335 just pull latest
+srNrUlWeC7U-00619-00180336-00180635 um Community General modules minus f
+srNrUlWeC7U-00620-00180636-00180916 mean it's forcing if this will have more
+srNrUlWeC7U-00621-00180917-00181133 modules existing it will delete and and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00622-00181134-00181564 get the new the new version
+srNrUlWeC7U-00623-00181565-00181726 so this is also using internet
+srNrUlWeC7U-00624-00181727-00181961 connections at the at the end of the you
+srNrUlWeC7U-00625-00181962-00182254 need to have good internet in your in
+srNrUlWeC7U-00626-00182255-00182369 your server
+srNrUlWeC7U-00627-00182370-00182723 uh yeah so and then after that we now
+srNrUlWeC7U-00628-00182724-00182957 proceed to deploying data to we need to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00629-00182958-00183257 go to the deploy folder and then from
+srNrUlWeC7U-00630-00183258-00184835 there we run ansible Scripts
+srNrUlWeC7U-00631-00184836-00185087 and this is taking a while well that is
+srNrUlWeC7U-00632-00185088-00185297 taking a while then it's just it through
+srNrUlWeC7U-00633-00185298-00185585 this document so we have also already
+srNrUlWeC7U-00634-00185586-00185837 edited the inventory host file and the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00635-00185838-00185993 very important things that you need to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00636-00185994-00186238 change there are actually the domain
+srNrUlWeC7U-00637-00186239-00186437 fully qualified domain name email
+srNrUlWeC7U-00638-00186438-00186899 address and ansible connection and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00639-00186900-00187145 um and and time zone as Bob mentioned
+srNrUlWeC7U-00640-00187146-00187469 after that you you're good to go
+srNrUlWeC7U-00641-00187470-00187885 um yeah so when this finishes here
+srNrUlWeC7U-00642-00187886-00188237 we have now Community General 6.10
+srNrUlWeC7U-00643-00188238-00188404 modules if they are installed
+srNrUlWeC7U-00644-00188405-00188728 successfully then we need to now close
+srNrUlWeC7U-00645-00188729-00189178 it with the installation and on
+srNrUlWeC7U-00646-00189179-00189388 um on lxt environment where you set up
+srNrUlWeC7U-00647-00189389-00189643 ansible on a single server environment
+srNrUlWeC7U-00648-00189644-00189940 you need uh
+srNrUlWeC7U-00649-00189941-00190271 to set up lxd environment with lxt
+srNrUlWeC7U-00650-00190272-00190709 proceed let's just go to the install the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00651-00190710-00190837 installation
+srNrUlWeC7U-00652-00190838-00191123 we have our connection it's the default
+srNrUlWeC7U-00653-00191124-00191399 on lxt so we just need to run our
+srNrUlWeC7U-00654-00191400-00191537 Playbook
+srNrUlWeC7U-00655-00191538-00191735 and um
+srNrUlWeC7U-00656-00191736-00192569 let's go to the installation bit
+srNrUlWeC7U-00657-00192570-00193031 possible connection
+srNrUlWeC7U-00658-00193032-00193314 after we are in the in the in the in the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00659-00193315-00193666 install directory
+srNrUlWeC7U-00660-00193667-00193907 yeah so we need to navigate the install
+srNrUlWeC7U-00661-00193908-00194297 directory and then from there we run the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00662-00194298-00194783 lxt setup Playbook so this Playbook has
+srNrUlWeC7U-00663-00194784-00195047 a few components let's just quickly
+srNrUlWeC7U-00664-00195048-00195257 checkup it has
+srNrUlWeC7U-00665-00195258-00195359 um
+srNrUlWeC7U-00666-00195360-00195683 it has firewall uh this one sets up
+srNrUlWeC7U-00667-00195684-00196031 rules on the host ensuring that anything
+srNrUlWeC7U-00668-00196032-00196325 that hits Port 80 is
+srNrUlWeC7U-00669-00196326-00196678 for audits to put 80 on them on the on
+srNrUlWeC7U-00670-00196679-00196852 the proxy container or anything that
+srNrUlWeC7U-00671-00196853-00197201 hits 443 is proxy forwarded to your
+srNrUlWeC7U-00672-00197202-00197519 proxy container 443 and then lxd in its
+srNrUlWeC7U-00673-00197520-00197819 module roles sorry is going to set up
+srNrUlWeC7U-00674-00197820-00198047 your lxd automatically you don't have to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00675-00198048-00198293 do that interactively so it has tools
+srNrUlWeC7U-00676-00198294-00198514 one is firewall and the next one is the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00677-00198515-00198907 next unit so if we run this sudo lxt
+srNrUlWeC7U-00678-00198908-00199537 Sudo LC ball uh Playbook
+srNrUlWeC7U-00679-00199538-00199900 and NXT setup.r mode
+srNrUlWeC7U-00680-00199901-00200363 then it's gonna run the task within
+srNrUlWeC7U-00681-00200364-00200716 those two roles and you're noticing that
+srNrUlWeC7U-00682-00200717-00200981 it's not changing anything because I had
+srNrUlWeC7U-00683-00200982-00201371 run this before and things that we need
+srNrUlWeC7U-00684-00201372-00201709 to note is that it um first of all
+srNrUlWeC7U-00685-00201710-00202000 checking if your firewall is running if
+srNrUlWeC7U-00686-00202001-00202228 it is not this old script is going to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00687-00202229-00202421 fail let's just let me just disable
+srNrUlWeC7U-00688-00202422-00202776 firewall and demonstrate that
+srNrUlWeC7U-00689-00202777-00203243 ufw disable
+srNrUlWeC7U-00690-00203244-00203890 and then run this script again
+srNrUlWeC7U-00691-00203891-00204149 you know it's failing because firewall
+srNrUlWeC7U-00692-00204150-00204419 is disabled you need to at least a half
+srNrUlWeC7U-00693-00204420-00204640 hour while running and and your SSH
+srNrUlWeC7U-00694-00204641-00205025 connection enabled so I would enable
+srNrUlWeC7U-00695-00205026-00206303 firewall once more
+srNrUlWeC7U-00696-00206304-00206555 so that means firewall is enabled and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00697-00206556-00206969 our lxt setup uh will is no is now going
+srNrUlWeC7U-00698-00206969-00207082 to succeed
+srNrUlWeC7U-00699-00207083-00207436 another thing is that after it checks
+srNrUlWeC7U-00700-00207437-00207742 the firewall status it takes it sets the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00701-00207744-00207958 default forward policy because you want
+srNrUlWeC7U-00702-00207959-00208229 your fording be enabled and then uh
+srNrUlWeC7U-00703-00208230-00208546 because uh traffic that are going to hit
+srNrUlWeC7U-00704-00208548-00208757 Port 80 on your host are going to be
+srNrUlWeC7U-00705-00208758-00208973 forwarded to the proxy container so you
+srNrUlWeC7U-00706-00208973-00209225 want forwarding enabled in your in your
+srNrUlWeC7U-00707-00209226-00209519 firewall and then you want also traffic
+srNrUlWeC7U-00708-00209519-00209819 to the lxt bridge not not blocked by the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00709-00209819-00210029 firewall that is that is the work of
+srNrUlWeC7U-00710-00210030-00210298 this task and then you want to configure
+srNrUlWeC7U-00711-00210300-00210473 Nats
+srNrUlWeC7U-00712-00210473-00210763 um from the host to the proxy container
+srNrUlWeC7U-00713-00210764-00211182 and next is install NXT because
+srNrUlWeC7U-00714-00211183-00211469 your containers are going to run on lxt
+srNrUlWeC7U-00715-00211469-00211673 engine so this task is going to install
+srNrUlWeC7U-00716-00211673-00212021 lxt this is going to get um
+srNrUlWeC7U-00717-00212021-00212398 the setup info after it installed lxt
+srNrUlWeC7U-00718-00212400-00212758 and then this line initiates
+srNrUlWeC7U-00719-00212759-00213215 um lxd with receipt configuration and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00720-00213216-00213389 then
+srNrUlWeC7U-00721-00213390-00213851 and then it will restart lxd engine to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00722-00213852-00214079 to make sure that those configuration
+srNrUlWeC7U-00723-00214080-00214271 that you had on your PC are taking
+srNrUlWeC7U-00724-00214271-00214415 effect
+srNrUlWeC7U-00725-00214416-00214708 and finally your your environment will
+srNrUlWeC7U-00726-00214709-00214967 be set up yeah
+srNrUlWeC7U-00727-00214967-00215291 so right now everything is green because
+srNrUlWeC7U-00728-00215292-00215537 I have done the setup before
+srNrUlWeC7U-00729-00215538-00215819 but on a fresh environment this there
+srNrUlWeC7U-00730-00215819-00216065 will be changes here and be changes a
+srNrUlWeC7U-00731-00216066-00216269 lot of changes here
+srNrUlWeC7U-00732-00216269-00216989 and next is we do run data S2 setup now
+srNrUlWeC7U-00733-00216990-00217541 and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00734-00217542-00218044 uh it's running uh roles roles and the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00735-00218046-00218219 first one is postgres because we want to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00736-00218219-00218501 set up our database first before we do
+srNrUlWeC7U-00737-00218502-00218813 set up uh other other things like data
+srNrUlWeC7U-00738-00218814-00219221 S2 web app web application even Newnan
+srNrUlWeC7U-00739-00219221-00219401 and nginx so we are starting with the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00740-00219402-00219941 postgres and this the task inside
+srNrUlWeC7U-00741-00219942-00220217 um this Playbook is creating postgres
+srNrUlWeC7U-00742-00220217-00220510 container and then it will also include
+srNrUlWeC7U-00743-00220511-00220794 other tasks that are related to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00744-00220796-00221194 installing postgres within the container
+srNrUlWeC7U-00745-00221196-00221542 um postgres 13 in our case and we are
+srNrUlWeC7U-00746-00221544-00221825 adding custom app repository from
+srNrUlWeC7U-00747-00221826-00222173 official um postgres because for with
+srNrUlWeC7U-00748-00222173-00222371 that we're going to get the fashion that
+srNrUlWeC7U-00749-00222371-00222655 we really want otherwise with Ubuntu
+srNrUlWeC7U-00750-00222656-00223060 systems if you have Ubuntu 1804 then you
+srNrUlWeC7U-00751-00223061-00223265 will get postgres 10. if you are on
+srNrUlWeC7U-00752-00223266-00223546 Ubuntu 2004 you get postgres
+srNrUlWeC7U-00753-00223548-00223884 12 and you are when you are on Ubuntu
+srNrUlWeC7U-00754-00223885-00224129 2204 which is latest you get postgres
+srNrUlWeC7U-00755-00224130-00224453 that uh 14. so if you want postgres 13
+srNrUlWeC7U-00756-00224454-00224687 which is the currently supported version
+srNrUlWeC7U-00757-00224688-00224975 of bhs2 then you need to add
+srNrUlWeC7U-00758-00224976-00225305 um official apt repository from postgres
+srNrUlWeC7U-00759-00225306-00225484 and with that you can you can install
+srNrUlWeC7U-00760-00225485-00225689 any version that you want including even
+srNrUlWeC7U-00761-00225690-00226025 the very old versions like postgres9
+srNrUlWeC7U-00762-00226026-00226271 that is why we do because we did with
+srNrUlWeC7U-00763-00226271-00226553 this now we can get the the postgres 13
+srNrUlWeC7U-00764-00226554-00226727 version
+srNrUlWeC7U-00765-00226728-00226973 after that
+srNrUlWeC7U-00766-00226973-00227213 it ensures that postgres is running the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00767-00227214-00227496 service and then this this is a warning
+srNrUlWeC7U-00768-00227498-00227831 because checks postgres version module
+srNrUlWeC7U-00769-00227832-00228106 is switching user behind the scenes it's
+srNrUlWeC7U-00770-00228107-00228371 switching to postgres user and then it
+srNrUlWeC7U-00771-00228371-00228689 checks a version without the need for uh
+srNrUlWeC7U-00772-00228690-00229001 for password it's uh what else about
+srNrUlWeC7U-00773-00229002-00229246 scripts is doing here is switching to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00774-00229248-00229529 postpress user uh within the container
+srNrUlWeC7U-00775-00229530-00229877 and then it checks post transversion
+srNrUlWeC7U-00776-00229878-00230213 and that is why it's creating this temp
+srNrUlWeC7U-00777-00230214-00230417 directory this is the working directory
+srNrUlWeC7U-00778-00230417-00230692 of ansible on the on the remote host and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00779-00230694-00230896 this is the warning that
+srNrUlWeC7U-00780-00230898-00231155 maybe it's uh permission is 0 700
+srNrUlWeC7U-00781-00231156-00231401 meaning it is very strict it's allowing
+srNrUlWeC7U-00782-00231402-00231677 only access by that user postgres user
+srNrUlWeC7U-00783-00231678-00231898 and you might want to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00784-00231900-00232127 say have other users be able to write to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00785-00232128-00232294 that file that's why you're getting this
+srNrUlWeC7U-00786-00232296-00232498 one but
+srNrUlWeC7U-00787-00232500-00232948 it's not and that the created postgres
+srNrUlWeC7U-00788-00232950-00233125 um
+srNrUlWeC7U-00789-00233126-00233401 uh postgres container
+srNrUlWeC7U-00790-00233402-00233832 is locked to being only accessible on
+srNrUlWeC7U-00791-00233833-00234148 localhost so what's happening here it's
+srNrUlWeC7U-00792-00234150-00234389 editing that file ensuring that it's
+srNrUlWeC7U-00793-00234390-00234737 open to access from the data S2 instance
+srNrUlWeC7U-00794-00234738-00235096 it reads the instances from the director
+srNrUlWeC7U-00795-00235098-00235487 from them from the inventory file and it
+srNrUlWeC7U-00796-00235488-00235696 knows that we have one instance and we
+srNrUlWeC7U-00797-00235698-00236003 need to allow its IP at least to be to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00798-00236004-00236194 be able to access postgres from the from
+srNrUlWeC7U-00799-00236196-00236308 the network
+srNrUlWeC7U-00800-00236309-00236669 and then you you once your your postgres
+srNrUlWeC7U-00801-00236669-00237034 instance to be able to listen on lxt
+srNrUlWeC7U-00802-00237035-00237317 network also otherwise it will be it
+srNrUlWeC7U-00803-00237317-00237484 will it will not be accessible from the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00804-00237485-00237858 network and it this is another line that
+srNrUlWeC7U-00805-00237859-00238181 ensures that postgres is running uh
+srNrUlWeC7U-00806-00238182-00238463 firewall let me just look into the to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00807-00238464-00238637 the server and we can check that as we
+srNrUlWeC7U-00808-00238638-00239015 are talking about it it has two
+srNrUlWeC7U-00809-00239016-00239273 against two
+srNrUlWeC7U-00810-00239273-00239584 server
+srNrUlWeC7U-00811-00239585-00239903 it ensures that postgres has firewall
+srNrUlWeC7U-00812-00239904-00240082 running and it allow it's allowing
+srNrUlWeC7U-00813-00240083-00240406 access from hmis only and then it's it's
+srNrUlWeC7U-00814-00240407-00240521 starting
+srNrUlWeC7U-00815-00240521-00240767 um postgres service
+srNrUlWeC7U-00816-00240767-00241139 that is to make sure that uh the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00817-00241140-00241342 configuration changes here because they
+srNrUlWeC7U-00818-00241344-00241601 need others need a restart of of
+srNrUlWeC7U-00819-00241602-00241787 postgres it ensures that those
+srNrUlWeC7U-00820-00241788-00242092 configuration changes take effect next
+srNrUlWeC7U-00821-00242094-00242381 is creating now lxt containers for the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00822-00242382-00242710 instances we are logged in just this
+srNrUlWeC7U-00823-00242711-00243053 quickly the instances that we have
+srNrUlWeC7U-00824-00243054-00243275 where is
+srNrUlWeC7U-00825-00243276-00243634 it's this galaxy list we notice that now
+srNrUlWeC7U-00826-00243635-00243965 we have hmis running we have postgres
+srNrUlWeC7U-00827-00243966-00244241 learning it's creating this it's on
+srNrUlWeC7U-00828-00244242-00244601 progress and if I get into Galaxy
+srNrUlWeC7U-00829-00244602-00244984 postgres container you notice that we
+srNrUlWeC7U-00830-00244985-00245332 have our running
+srNrUlWeC7U-00831-00245333-00245653 and it's only allowing access from them
+srNrUlWeC7U-00832-00245654-00246053 from the from hmis instance if we had
+srNrUlWeC7U-00833-00246054-00246382 two instances we would see two lines
+srNrUlWeC7U-00834-00246383-00246610 here yeah so that is what I was talking
+srNrUlWeC7U-00835-00246611-00247006 about here and then this could also is
+srNrUlWeC7U-00836-00247007-00247105 going to create
+srNrUlWeC7U-00837-00247106-00247139 [Music]
+srNrUlWeC7U-00838-00247140-00247282 um
+srNrUlWeC7U-00839-00247283-00247541 this is the next module now the next
+srNrUlWeC7U-00840-00247542-00247871 module is um data S2 this is related to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00841-00247871-00248153 creating data as two containers and and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00842-00248154-00248501 running tasks that are specifically for
+srNrUlWeC7U-00843-00248502-00248782 the hs2 like installing Tomcat
+srNrUlWeC7U-00844-00248783-00249191 installing Java and now deploying the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00845-00249192-00249437 web file into those containers running
+srNrUlWeC7U-00846-00249438-00249682 firewall I'm going to go through those
+srNrUlWeC7U-00847-00249683-00249887 tasks one by one this is just creating
+srNrUlWeC7U-00848-00249888-00250127 lxt container and then this is now
+srNrUlWeC7U-00849-00250128-00250391 running tasks in inside that LSD
+srNrUlWeC7U-00850-00250392-00250663 container first it checks if
+srNrUlWeC7U-00851-00250664-00250979 dhs2.com file exists if it is not
+srNrUlWeC7U-00852-00250980-00251171 existing then it means it's a fresh
+srNrUlWeC7U-00853-00251171-00251381 install and that is why it needs to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00854-00251382-00251621 generate generate that random postgres
+srNrUlWeC7U-00855-00251621-00251956 password and create uh instant database
+srNrUlWeC7U-00856-00251957-00252142 role so you notice that this is
+srNrUlWeC7U-00857-00252144-00252365 delegated to postgres container so it's
+srNrUlWeC7U-00858-00252366-00252592 connecting to postgres container and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00859-00252594-00252731 creating
+srNrUlWeC7U-00860-00252732-00253127 um dhis to database role creating dhs2
+srNrUlWeC7U-00861-00253128-00253523 database and then and creating uh even
+srNrUlWeC7U-00862-00253523-00253656 them
+srNrUlWeC7U-00863-00253657-00254015 extensions database extension both GIS
+srNrUlWeC7U-00864-00254016-00254287 and and Gene and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00865-00254288-00254621 trjm yeah after that now it's installing
+srNrUlWeC7U-00866-00254621-00254944 Java and tomcat and zip we need zip for
+srNrUlWeC7U-00867-00254946-00255310 for us to be able to extract War file
+srNrUlWeC7U-00868-00255311-00255563 into the web apps directory we need also
+srNrUlWeC7U-00869-00255564-00255941 to clean web apps directory ensuring
+srNrUlWeC7U-00870-00255942-00256127 that we don't have defaults you know
+srNrUlWeC7U-00871-00256128-00256294 when when you install Tomcat it come
+srNrUlWeC7U-00872-00256296-00256531 with a with the defaults like root
+srNrUlWeC7U-00873-00256532-00256792 default site so we're cleaning it to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00874-00256794-00256973 ensure that it's it's having nothing
+srNrUlWeC7U-00875-00256973-00257296 completely and then we will create we
+srNrUlWeC7U-00876-00257298-00257458 are creating here those directories
+srNrUlWeC7U-00877-00257459-00257656 again and then
+srNrUlWeC7U-00878-00257657-00257771 um
+srNrUlWeC7U-00879-00257771-00258106 with getting opt data S2 directory and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00880-00258107-00258551 even adding dhs2.com file you know with
+srNrUlWeC7U-00881-00258552-00258755 the password and stuff and and even the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00882-00258756-00259030 database we are connecting to uh so if
+srNrUlWeC7U-00883-00259031-00259225 you're noticing the database that
+srNrUlWeC7U-00884-00259226-00259444 datast2.com that we're going to have
+srNrUlWeC7U-00885-00259446-00259684 will reflect all those configurations
+srNrUlWeC7U-00886-00259685-00259937 that we want because this is a Ninja 2
+srNrUlWeC7U-00887-00259938-00260291 file with text variables from uh
+srNrUlWeC7U-00888-00260292-00260556 whatever they were defined and then also
+srNrUlWeC7U-00889-00260557-00260908 server.xml they are all custom to ensure
+srNrUlWeC7U-00890-00260909-00261091 that they meet the best security
+srNrUlWeC7U-00891-00261092-00261432 practice that we want even the lxd
+srNrUlWeC7U-00892-00261433-00261630 Tomcat 9
+srNrUlWeC7U-00893-00261631-00262025 system D service there there are some
+srNrUlWeC7U-00894-00262026-00262187 things that we are overwriting to ensure
+srNrUlWeC7U-00895-00262188-00262343 that we are appearing to the best
+srNrUlWeC7U-00896-00262344-00262660 security and then
+srNrUlWeC7U-00897-00262661-00262963 yeah so these are mostly security
+srNrUlWeC7U-00898-00262964-00263429 uh uh practices uh hardening to so to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00899-00263430-00263495 speak
+srNrUlWeC7U-00900-00263496-00263782 and it was already just a quick time
+srNrUlWeC7U-00901-00263783-00263993 check you you don't your last eight
+srNrUlWeC7U-00902-00263994-00264215 minutes now I think if you want to leave
+srNrUlWeC7U-00903-00264216-00264413 a little bit of time for questions
+srNrUlWeC7U-00904-00264414-00264755 yeah okay so and this is anakai thing
+srNrUlWeC7U-00905-00264756-00264989 now at the end of the day it will finish
+srNrUlWeC7U-00906-00264990-00265271 installation uh go to the next road
+srNrUlWeC7U-00907-00265272-00265691 which is now proxy chatting a proxy and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00908-00265692-00265956 the rows that are related like sideboard
+srNrUlWeC7U-00909-00265957-00266197 in the next sites
+srNrUlWeC7U-00910-00266198-00266573 and finally it's working on monitoring
+srNrUlWeC7U-00911-00266574-00266771 because we want to monitor our our
+srNrUlWeC7U-00912-00266772-00267251 environment with Munich you know so and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00913-00267252-00267377 um
+srNrUlWeC7U-00914-00267378-00267617 yeah so there are things that are that
+srNrUlWeC7U-00915-00267618-00267827 are repeatable like firewall we want to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00916-00267828-00267982 have firewall running in all our
+srNrUlWeC7U-00917-00267983-00268205 containers we also want to ensure that
+srNrUlWeC7U-00918-00268206-00268403 we have configurations so those those
+srNrUlWeC7U-00919-00268404-00268697 things are repeatable and and um and and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00920-00268698-00268913 so there are some other tasks that are
+srNrUlWeC7U-00921-00268914-00269134 specifically related to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00922-00269135-00269482 some containers like uh like things to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00923-00269483-00269777 do with proxy nginx are going to be only
+srNrUlWeC7U-00924-00269778-00270167 running on nginx proxy on on proxy and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00925-00270168-00270317 yeah so
+srNrUlWeC7U-00926-00270318-00270760 yes so if we get to the server and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00927-00270761-00271001 check the containers that we have right
+srNrUlWeC7U-00928-00271002-00271115 now
+srNrUlWeC7U-00929-00271116-00271415 we're going to have hmis this is the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00930-00271416-00271673 distance to instance monitor is the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00931-00271674-00271871 monitoring instance and postgres is the
+srNrUlWeC7U-00932-00271872-00271979 database
+srNrUlWeC7U-00933-00271980-00272375 and proxy is is now
+srNrUlWeC7U-00934-00272376-00272645 um the entry point
+srNrUlWeC7U-00935-00272646-00272956 and right now it's finishing
+srNrUlWeC7U-00936-00272957-00273191 it's finishing this is this even a table
+srNrUlWeC7U-00937-00273192-00273382 so it's finished it's set up those four
+srNrUlWeC7U-00938-00273383-00273665 containers and the way it's set up you
+srNrUlWeC7U-00939-00273666-00274060 it means that you when you go to them
+srNrUlWeC7U-00940-00274061-00274384 cut inventory host when you go to your
+srNrUlWeC7U-00941-00274385-00274558 domain then you should have service
+srNrUlWeC7U-00942-00274559-00274739 running there
+srNrUlWeC7U-00943-00274740-00276019 right now
+srNrUlWeC7U-00944-00276020-00276353 good morning good morning
+srNrUlWeC7U-00945-00276354-00276719 yeah uh just one quick question will it
+srNrUlWeC7U-00946-00276720-00276905 not be possible like uh
+srNrUlWeC7U-00947-00276906-00277265 just with one command when you
+srNrUlWeC7U-00948-00277266-00277493 um create when you enter the command it
+srNrUlWeC7U-00949-00277494-00277649 installs all these things for you
+srNrUlWeC7U-00950-00277650-00277841 directly delivery you can do your own
+srNrUlWeC7U-00951-00277842-00278032 configuration yes that is what I'm
+srNrUlWeC7U-00952-00278033-00278365 working on if you check this deploy.sh
+srNrUlWeC7U-00953-00278366-00278782 VM deploy.sh file it's going to do that
+srNrUlWeC7U-00954-00278783-00278987 uh behind the scenes like it's going to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00955-00278988-00279347 set up this um ansible environment and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00956-00279348-00279508 then install the Community General
+srNrUlWeC7U-00957-00279509-00279869 module and then it runs the playbooks
+srNrUlWeC7U-00958-00279870-00280121 and you don't have to do that manually
+srNrUlWeC7U-00959-00280122-00280306 so this is what I'm working when I'm
+srNrUlWeC7U-00960-00280307-00280541 actually right now testing ensuring that
+srNrUlWeC7U-00961-00280542-00280751 it supports this first part is is okay
+srNrUlWeC7U-00962-00280752-00281003 I'm working on testing this second part
+srNrUlWeC7U-00963-00281004-00281158 which is going to be using SSH
+srNrUlWeC7U-00964-00281159-00281465 connection if you your environment is is
+srNrUlWeC7U-00965-00281466-00281771 on a multiple server environment so this
+srNrUlWeC7U-00966-00281772-00282065 is working right now yeah yeah and also
+srNrUlWeC7U-00967-00282066-00282263 I'm confused with one thing like this
+srNrUlWeC7U-00968-00282264-00282449 Pro 2 to unlock
+srNrUlWeC7U-00969-00282450-00282701 um a22 what is different between the two
+srNrUlWeC7U-00970-00282702-00282917 is it that when you at Port 822 hackers
+srNrUlWeC7U-00971-00282918-00283680 cannot hack you foreign
+srNrUlWeC7U-00972-00283681-00284153 okay so normally uh we want to avoid
+srNrUlWeC7U-00973-00284154-00284345 defaults when when we're exposing
+srNrUlWeC7U-00974-00284346-00284519 thoughts to the to the to the internet
+srNrUlWeC7U-00975-00284520-00284999 and SSH default support is 22. so when
+srNrUlWeC7U-00976-00285000-00285245 when somebody wants to hack you then uh
+srNrUlWeC7U-00977-00285246-00285353 they they have enough information
+srNrUlWeC7U-00978-00285354-00285593 already if you're using default Port
+srNrUlWeC7U-00979-00285594-00285869 like 22 and then they'll now start
+srNrUlWeC7U-00980-00285870-00286103 trying their computation and and yeah
+srNrUlWeC7U-00981-00286104-00286271 you know they already have the port
+srNrUlWeC7U-00982-00286272-00286591 however if you do a different port say
+srNrUlWeC7U-00983-00286592-00286889 8022 then they need to First figure out
+srNrUlWeC7U-00984-00286890-00287147 where the port is before they start uh
+srNrUlWeC7U-00985-00287148-00287569 you know lead us to your yeah
+srNrUlWeC7U-00986-00287570-00288010 you know there's a very big caveat there
+srNrUlWeC7U-00987-00288011-00288203 um and I think it's a good idea to move
+srNrUlWeC7U-00988-00288204-00288497 to Port it just reduces the number of
+srNrUlWeC7U-00989-00288498-00288737 kind of drive biotechs but you've got to
+srNrUlWeC7U-00990-00288738-00288982 be really careful not to change the port
+srNrUlWeC7U-00991-00288983-00289367 to something above 1024.
+srNrUlWeC7U-00992-00289368-00289673 because the posts are below 1024 are
+srNrUlWeC7U-00993-00289674-00289930 privileged pods if you listen to your
+srNrUlWeC7U-00994-00289931-00290071 your your
+srNrUlWeC7U-00995-00290072-00290501 SSH on Port 8000 then it does mean that
+srNrUlWeC7U-00996-00290502-00290771 an unprivileged user could be could
+srNrUlWeC7U-00997-00290772-00291005 masquerade as your SSH
+srNrUlWeC7U-00998-00291006-00291269 service and
+srNrUlWeC7U-00999-00291270-00291623 in theory could could I don't know
+srNrUlWeC7U-01000-00291624-00291899 um collect credentials or what have you
+srNrUlWeC7U-01001-00291900-00292134 so yeah by all means to change the port
+srNrUlWeC7U-01002-00292135-00292619 but never change it above 1024.
+srNrUlWeC7U-01003-00292620-00292943 okay all right thank you but it's not
+srNrUlWeC7U-01004-00292944-00293129 necessary I mean the degree effect
+srNrUlWeC7U-01005-00293130-00293339 you're not really getting any extra
+srNrUlWeC7U-01006-00293340-00293680 protection by moving the port
+srNrUlWeC7U-01007-00293681-00293999 um you're just gonna you're gonna get
+srNrUlWeC7U-01008-00294000-00294232 less noise in your log file you're less
+srNrUlWeC7U-01009-00294233-00294599 likely to be hit by a casual bot
+srNrUlWeC7U-01010-00294600-00294773 but anyone who really wants to find you
+srNrUlWeC7U-01011-00294774-00295073 will find you yeah yeah
+srNrUlWeC7U-01012-00295074-00295230 so uh
+srNrUlWeC7U-01013-00295231-00295655 sorry sorry
+srNrUlWeC7U-01014-00295656-00295967 um so my question actually rely on um
+srNrUlWeC7U-01015-00295968-00296225 after you put the domain I don't want to
+srNrUlWeC7U-01016-00296226-00296560 actually put slash hmis
+srNrUlWeC7U-01017-00296561-00296813 um that that you have not demonstrated
+srNrUlWeC7U-01018-00296814-00297058 that yeah right now
+srNrUlWeC7U-01019-00297059-00297197 um that is a feature that you want to
+srNrUlWeC7U-01020-00297198-00297425 add in future and
+srNrUlWeC7U-01021-00297426-00297719 um if you have two applications hmis and
+srNrUlWeC7U-01022-00297720-00297917 say training then that means first of
+srNrUlWeC7U-01023-00297918-00298103 all before you think about that you need
+srNrUlWeC7U-01024-00298104-00298391 to have two sub-domains right
+srNrUlWeC7U-01025-00298392-00298660 you need to have two domains that are
+srNrUlWeC7U-01026-00298661-00298877 going to both listen on Route otherwise
+srNrUlWeC7U-01027-00298878-00299237 if you have two applications say hmis
+srNrUlWeC7U-01028-00299238-00299453 and something else and you want to talk
+srNrUlWeC7U-01029-00299454-00299645 that that then if you redirect
+srNrUlWeC7U-01030-00299646-00299921 everything for hmis Access then the
+srNrUlWeC7U-01031-00299922-00300119 other applications that you have will
+srNrUlWeC7U-01032-00300120-00300323 not be accessible within this with the
+srNrUlWeC7U-01033-00300324-00300430 same
+srNrUlWeC7U-01034-00300431-00300671 sub domain so if you have two
+srNrUlWeC7U-01035-00300672-00300905 applications running you need to have
+srNrUlWeC7U-01036-00300906-00301097 two sub domains for that to be supported
+srNrUlWeC7U-01037-00301098-00301360 however if it's just one then you can
+srNrUlWeC7U-01038-00301361-00301553 you can just edit
+srNrUlWeC7U-01039-00301554-00301805 um in the next file or Apache 2 file and
+srNrUlWeC7U-01040-00301806-00301943 we want also to automate that with
+srNrUlWeC7U-01041-00301944-00302182 ansible so if we list
+srNrUlWeC7U-01042-00302183-00302380 um the containers we have there's proxy
+srNrUlWeC7U-01043-00302381-00302689 so you want to lxc exact
+srNrUlWeC7U-01044-00302690-00303217 proxy bash sorry
+srNrUlWeC7U-01045-00303218-00303839 and go to the in the next configuration
+srNrUlWeC7U-01046-00303840-00304306 it's the next
+srNrUlWeC7U-01047-00304307-00304787 I think it's in um conf day
+srNrUlWeC7U-01048-00304788-00305056 yeah so this is the the site
+srNrUlWeC7U-01049-00305057-00305404 configuration
+srNrUlWeC7U-01050-00305405-00305782 and she wants to have a redirect
+srNrUlWeC7U-01051-00305783-00306047 somewhere here
+srNrUlWeC7U-01052-00306048-00306365 let me just do that right now
+srNrUlWeC7U-01053-00306366-00306665 rewrite
+srNrUlWeC7U-01054-00306666-00307384 everything that goes to
+srNrUlWeC7U-01055-00307385-00307625 to be
+srNrUlWeC7U-01056-00307626-00308315 hmis
+srNrUlWeC7U-01057-00308316-00308501 sudo
+srNrUlWeC7U-01058-00308502-00308980 in the next
+srNrUlWeC7U-01059-00308981-00309593 uh just reload
+srNrUlWeC7U-01060-00309594-00309958 so that means if you hit hmis dot uh
+srNrUlWeC7U-01061-00309959-00310156 sorry my domain name
+srNrUlWeC7U-01062-00310157-00310613 just see if you eat a
+srNrUlWeC7U-01063-00310614-00310865 here it should be direct you to hmis
+srNrUlWeC7U-01064-00310866-00311254 let's see
+srNrUlWeC7U-01065-00311255-00311506 yeah
+srNrUlWeC7U-01066-00311507-00311680 so that's just a line that you need to
+srNrUlWeC7U-01067-00311681-00311908 add and you add or group it yeah yeah
+srNrUlWeC7U-01068-00311909-00312215 however that means if I had another
+srNrUlWeC7U-01069-00312216-00312443 application here it will just be
+srNrUlWeC7U-01070-00312444-00312653 redirecting everything to HMI so you
+srNrUlWeC7U-01071-00312654-00312815 need to have two sub-domains for
+srNrUlWeC7U-01072-00312816-00312965 different if you want to support two
+srNrUlWeC7U-01073-00312966-00313121 different applications
+srNrUlWeC7U-01074-00313122-00313601 no understand yeah
+srNrUlWeC7U-01075-00313602-00313908 yeah
+srNrUlWeC7U-01076-00313909-00314710 so uh any other question
+srNrUlWeC7U-01077-00314711-00315095 it's 13 hours
+srNrUlWeC7U-01078-00315096-00316330 yeah it's the top of the of the hour so
+srNrUlWeC7U-01079-00316331-00316654 if we do not have other questions then
+srNrUlWeC7U-01080-00316655-00317332 maybe you can call it a day
+srNrUlWeC7U-01081-00317333-00317615 I think um for me I'm fine I don't know
+srNrUlWeC7U-01082-00317616-00317891 if there are others probably look at the
+srNrUlWeC7U-01083-00317892-00318004 chat
+srNrUlWeC7U-01084-00318005-00318309 um probably the questions there
+srNrUlWeC7U-01085-00318310-00319823 [Music]
+srNrUlWeC7U-01086-00319824-00320471 yeah yeah
+srNrUlWeC7U-01087-00320472-00320639 yeah yeah
+srNrUlWeC7U-01088-00320640-00321019 I'll I'll check the the the the
+srNrUlWeC7U-01089-00321020-00321317 comments on the on the
+srNrUlWeC7U-01090-00321318-00321580 on the chat and also thank you for the
+srNrUlWeC7U-01091-00321581-00322199 feedback
+srNrUlWeC7U-01092-00322200-00322630 Bob
+srNrUlWeC7U-01093-00322631-00322889 I think Bob had to leave oh okay okay
+srNrUlWeC7U-01094-00322890-00323356 yeah I think we are good
+srNrUlWeC7U-01095-00323357-00325349 thanks everybody
+srNrUlWeC7U-01096-00325350-00325739 bye
+srNrUlWeC7U-01097-00325740-00326153 bye to thanks very much
+srNrUlWeC7U-01098-00326154-00326369 um if you have any questions you can
+srNrUlWeC7U-01099-00326370-00326663 reach out to me okay okay on the on the
+srNrUlWeC7U-01100-00326664-00327167 on the telegram yeah yeah
+srNrUlWeC7U-01101-00327168-00327468 bye
+srYnyPXjt8U-00000-00000176-00000399 throughout its history santa cruz county
+srYnyPXjt8U-00001-00000400-00000551 has weathered earthquakes
+srYnyPXjt8U-00002-00000552-00000854 floods landslides fire and even a
+srYnyPXjt8U-00003-00000855-00000966 tsunami
+srYnyPXjt8U-00004-00000967-00001183 we are a community well practiced in
+srYnyPXjt8U-00005-00001184-00001350 disaster but this year
+srYnyPXjt8U-00006-00001351-00001639 a pandemic with a side of wildfire is
+srYnyPXjt8U-00007-00001639-00001830 really putting us to the test
+srYnyPXjt8U-00008-00001832-00002055 as if we don't have enough going on we
+srYnyPXjt8U-00009-00002056-00002295 also have a national election
+srYnyPXjt8U-00010-00002296-00002502 joining me today is santa cruz county
+srYnyPXjt8U-00011-00002503-00002647 clerk gail pellerin
+srYnyPXjt8U-00012-00002648-00002823 who will share the county's plan to make
+srYnyPXjt8U-00013-00002824-00003031 sure voting is safe and secure
+srYnyPXjt8U-00014-00003032-00003351 for everyone no matter what happens next
+srYnyPXjt8U-00015-00003352-00003435 stay with us
+srYnyPXjt8U-00016-00003436-00004327 [Music]
+srYnyPXjt8U-00017-00004328-00004567 every vote matters so the county clerk
+srYnyPXjt8U-00018-00004568-00004743 and her team have come up with a plan
+srYnyPXjt8U-00019-00004744-00004975 for just about every obstacle to voting
+srYnyPXjt8U-00020-00004976-00005183 to make sure everyone who is eligible
+srYnyPXjt8U-00021-00005184-00005311 can cast a ballot
+srYnyPXjt8U-00022-00005312-00005535 joining me now gail pellerin welcome
+srYnyPXjt8U-00023-00005536-00005638 miss pellerin
+srYnyPXjt8U-00024-00005639-00005886 hi thanks for having me oh it's great to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00025-00005887-00005983 have you here i know you're going to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00026-00005984-00006127 have a bunch of great information for
+srYnyPXjt8U-00027-00006128-00006191 people and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00028-00006192-00006446 it's going to make it really uh
+srYnyPXjt8U-00029-00006447-00006583 informative and i think
+srYnyPXjt8U-00030-00006584-00006742 it's a good time because you're facing
+srYnyPXjt8U-00031-00006743-00006903 the challenge of holding an election
+srYnyPXjt8U-00032-00006904-00007039 during a pandemic
+srYnyPXjt8U-00033-00007040-00007327 and a walk and i know you've launched a
+srYnyPXjt8U-00034-00007328-00007534 new program called vote safe santa cruz
+srYnyPXjt8U-00035-00007536-00007678 can you talk a little about that
+srYnyPXjt8U-00036-00007679-00007774 campaign
+srYnyPXjt8U-00037-00007775-00007983 yeah well you know due to the pandemic
+srYnyPXjt8U-00038-00007984-00008087 uh we
+srYnyPXjt8U-00039-00008088-00008351 uh the state of california has uh
+srYnyPXjt8U-00040-00008352-00008519 basically authorized every county
+srYnyPXjt8U-00041-00008520-00008655 elections official
+srYnyPXjt8U-00042-00008656-00008910 to mail every active registered voter in
+srYnyPXjt8U-00043-00008911-00009039 the state a ballot
+srYnyPXjt8U-00044-00009040-00009206 so ballots will be in the mail by
+srYnyPXjt8U-00045-00009207-00009431 october the 5th and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00046-00009432-00009631 so just because we mail you a ballot
+srYnyPXjt8U-00047-00009632-00009823 doesn't mean you have to return it by
+srYnyPXjt8U-00048-00009824-00009895 mail
+srYnyPXjt8U-00049-00009896-00010206 so we're going to also be setting up 15
+srYnyPXjt8U-00050-00010207-00010487 outside drop boxes that you can access
+srYnyPXjt8U-00051-00010488-00010535 24
+srYnyPXjt8U-00052-00010536-00010774 7 so you can vote that ballot and then
+srYnyPXjt8U-00053-00010775-00010942 easily drive up and drop
+srYnyPXjt8U-00054-00010943-00011199 up a couple of them or walk out boxes
+srYnyPXjt8U-00055-00011200-00011303 we'll also have
+srYnyPXjt8U-00056-00011304-00011535 in-person voting locations for people
+srYnyPXjt8U-00057-00011536-00011727 who do like to come in
+srYnyPXjt8U-00058-00011728-00012031 and get assistance or vote on the tablet
+srYnyPXjt8U-00059-00012032-00012223 and the tablet does provide for an
+srYnyPXjt8U-00060-00012224-00012383 accessible ballot
+srYnyPXjt8U-00061-00012384-00012678 and a ballot that's in spanish um we are
+srYnyPXjt8U-00062-00012679-00012799 going to be mailing a spanish
+srYnyPXjt8U-00063-00012800-00012991 facsimile to all of our voters who
+srYnyPXjt8U-00064-00012991-00013207 requested the spanish language as well
+srYnyPXjt8U-00065-00013208-00013391 but those voting locations two of us
+srYnyPXjt8U-00066-00013391-00013591 will be opening up beginning october 5th
+srYnyPXjt8U-00067-00013591-00013694 that's our office
+srYnyPXjt8U-00068-00013695-00013911 the santa cruz county clerk elections
+srYnyPXjt8U-00069-00013912-00014103 and the watsonville city clerk's office
+srYnyPXjt8U-00070-00014104-00014175 will be open
+srYnyPXjt8U-00071-00014176-00014422 starting october the 5th and then on
+srYnyPXjt8U-00072-00014423-00014486 halloween
+srYnyPXjt8U-00073-00014487-00014686 saturday october 31st we're going to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00074-00014687-00014822 have 18
+srYnyPXjt8U-00075-00014823-00015086 other voting locations that will be open
+srYnyPXjt8U-00076-00015087-00015166 and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00077-00015168-00015407 they will be open saturday sunday monday
+srYnyPXjt8U-00078-00015408-00015527 and tuesday
+srYnyPXjt8U-00079-00015528-00015783 any voter could go to any location they
+srYnyPXjt8U-00080-00015784-00016007 can go in to get a replacement ballot
+srYnyPXjt8U-00081-00016008-00016207 because they either lost or don't have
+srYnyPXjt8U-00082-00016208-00016422 the ballot we mailed them originally
+srYnyPXjt8U-00083-00016423-00016630 they could register and vote on the same
+srYnyPXjt8U-00084-00016631-00016807 day they can
+srYnyPXjt8U-00085-00016808-00017071 use the voting booths and and drop off
+srYnyPXjt8U-00086-00017072-00017263 their ballot there the one that we did
+srYnyPXjt8U-00087-00017264-00017358 mail them
+srYnyPXjt8U-00088-00017359-00017663 or they can uh use the tablet to vote a
+srYnyPXjt8U-00089-00017664-00017863 spanish ballot or an accessible ballot
+srYnyPXjt8U-00090-00017864-00018135 or if they just want to use the tablet
+srYnyPXjt8U-00091-00018136-00018319 and then any other voter assistance that
+srYnyPXjt8U-00092-00018320-00018455 we need that they need well
+srYnyPXjt8U-00093-00018456-00018622 we're doing same-day voter registration
+srYnyPXjt8U-00094-00018623-00018839 too for people who missed the october
+srYnyPXjt8U-00095-00018840-00019030 19th deadline to register
+srYnyPXjt8U-00096-00019031-00019286 they can go to these 10 voting locations
+srYnyPXjt8U-00097-00019287-00019391 and register
+srYnyPXjt8U-00098-00019392-00019639 the same day so and then on top of that
+srYnyPXjt8U-00099-00019640-00019807 we're going to have a vote mobile
+srYnyPXjt8U-00100-00019808-00020030 and i'm very excited about this so we're
+srYnyPXjt8U-00101-00020031-00020135 going to have a
+srYnyPXjt8U-00102-00020136-00020439 trailer that we can uh take anywhere in
+srYnyPXjt8U-00103-00020440-00020550 the county as long as we have
+srYnyPXjt8U-00104-00020551-00020694 connectivity through our
+srYnyPXjt8U-00105-00020695-00020911 signal and we'll be able to issue
+srYnyPXjt8U-00106-00020912-00021063 balance and collect ballots
+srYnyPXjt8U-00107-00021064-00021335 in the communities depending on uh where
+srYnyPXjt8U-00108-00021336-00021414 we need to go
+srYnyPXjt8U-00109-00021415-00021575 so we're probably going to be looking at
+srYnyPXjt8U-00110-00021576-00021750 a lot of the fire areas
+srYnyPXjt8U-00111-00021751-00022078 you know the summit as well
+srYnyPXjt8U-00112-00022079-00022286 and our residential care facilities
+srYnyPXjt8U-00113-00022287-00022519 provide for access for our voters who
+srYnyPXjt8U-00114-00022520-00022727 are in residential care facilities so
+srYnyPXjt8U-00115-00022728-00022950 we're open to ideas on where people
+srYnyPXjt8U-00116-00022951-00023135 think we should go and we'll be able to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00117-00023136-00023247 be very mobile
+srYnyPXjt8U-00118-00023248-00023542 well that's very interesting so um when
+srYnyPXjt8U-00119-00023543-00023630 you say
+srYnyPXjt8U-00120-00023631-00023791 people we're very interested in where
+srYnyPXjt8U-00121-00023792-00023942 people need us to go
+srYnyPXjt8U-00122-00023943-00024263 are you accepting suggestions and if so
+srYnyPXjt8U-00123-00024264-00024575 yeah i'm open to suggestions and and if
+srYnyPXjt8U-00124-00024576-00024735 it works we'll make it happen
+srYnyPXjt8U-00125-00024736-00025014 so yeah we're gonna hopefully be picking
+srYnyPXjt8U-00126-00025015-00025247 up this trailer in early october
+srYnyPXjt8U-00127-00025248-00025414 i'm hoping october 12th we're going to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00128-00025415-00025550 be able to start
+srYnyPXjt8U-00129-00025551-00025839 uh scheduling places and dates and times
+srYnyPXjt8U-00130-00025839-00026062 when we'll be out in the community
+srYnyPXjt8U-00131-00026063-00026462 providing this voter service for anybody
+srYnyPXjt8U-00132-00026463-00026655 now you you mentioned that most people
+srYnyPXjt8U-00133-00026656-00026799 will get i guess everybody gets a
+srYnyPXjt8U-00134-00026800-00026935 mail-in ballot but they don't have to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00135-00026936-00027031 mail it in
+srYnyPXjt8U-00136-00027032-00027207 now what about people displaced by the
+srYnyPXjt8U-00137-00027208-00027407 fires who are no longer at their home to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00138-00027408-00027558 receive their ballot
+srYnyPXjt8U-00139-00027560-00027862 right so the thing is is that even if
+srYnyPXjt8U-00140-00027863-00028046 they do a forwarding address through the
+srYnyPXjt8U-00141-00028047-00028335 usps that does not mean that doesn't
+srYnyPXjt8U-00142-00028336-00028502 work for ballots that cannot be
+srYnyPXjt8U-00143-00028504-00028583 forwarded
+srYnyPXjt8U-00144-00028583-00028846 so you still have to tell us where you
+srYnyPXjt8U-00145-00028847-00029111 want your ballot materials to be mailed
+srYnyPXjt8U-00146-00029112-00029335 and you can do that very easily on our
+srYnyPXjt8U-00147-00029336-00029543 website with a change of mailing address
+srYnyPXjt8U-00148-00029544-00029758 form we also have these forms out at the
+srYnyPXjt8U-00149-00029760-00029823 shelter
+srYnyPXjt8U-00150-00029824-00030143 and the resource recovery center and i
+srYnyPXjt8U-00151-00030144-00030287 just fill that out to let you know where
+srYnyPXjt8U-00152-00030288-00030479 you want to mail that ballot and we'll
+srYnyPXjt8U-00153-00030480-00030583 mail it
+srYnyPXjt8U-00154-00030583-00030855 just that one election november third or
+srYnyPXjt8U-00155-00030856-00031014 some people are signing up to say
+srYnyPXjt8U-00156-00031016-00031231 mail it indefinitely because my house
+srYnyPXjt8U-00157-00031232-00031407 burned down and it's going to take years
+srYnyPXjt8U-00158-00031408-00031543 for me to rebuild
+srYnyPXjt8U-00159-00031544-00031735 and then they just need to let us know
+srYnyPXjt8U-00160-00031736-00031895 we need to change my address back to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00161-00031895-00031999 something else or
+srYnyPXjt8U-00162-00032000-00032335 solute it all together okay so
+srYnyPXjt8U-00163-00032336-00032543 uh when when do when should people
+srYnyPXjt8U-00164-00032544-00032751 expect to receive their ballot in the
+srYnyPXjt8U-00165-00032752-00032927 mail and is there a date by which if
+srYnyPXjt8U-00166-00032928-00033079 they don't receive it they should
+srYnyPXjt8U-00167-00033080-00033367 talk call you yeah so we are you know
+srYnyPXjt8U-00168-00033368-00033551 our plan is to get them in the mail
+srYnyPXjt8U-00169-00033552-00033911 by october 5th and then they don't get
+srYnyPXjt8U-00170-00033912-00034015 it in the mail
+srYnyPXjt8U-00171-00034016-00034318 by i believe the 12th is a monday but i
+srYnyPXjt8U-00172-00034319-00034471 think it's a postal holiday
+srYnyPXjt8U-00173-00034472-00034743 so next day is the 13th the today so
+srYnyPXjt8U-00174-00034744-00034815 don't get me
+srYnyPXjt8U-00175-00034816-00035079 all about that date give us a call send
+srYnyPXjt8U-00176-00035080-00035159 us an email
+srYnyPXjt8U-00177-00035160-00035471 let us know we could follow up on
+srYnyPXjt8U-00178-00035472-00035679 the mail to see to make sure that things
+srYnyPXjt8U-00179-00035680-00035855 did get delivered because sometimes the
+srYnyPXjt8U-00180-00035856-00035999 trades missed we're gonna be able to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00181-00036000-00036111 follow up on that
+srYnyPXjt8U-00182-00036112-00036351 but what's really cool and voters should
+srYnyPXjt8U-00183-00036352-00036639 do this is
+srYnyPXjt8U-00184-00036640-00036862 so just like you track a package you can
+srYnyPXjt8U-00185-00036863-00037046 track your ballot you sign up for it
+srYnyPXjt8U-00186-00037047-00037483 real simply at
+srYnyPXjt8U-00187-00037484-00037655 wheresmyballot.sos.ca.gov
+srYnyPXjt8U-00188-00037656-00037951 and you'll put in your name and you'll
+srYnyPXjt8U-00189-00037952-00038062 indicate whether you want
+srYnyPXjt8U-00190-00038063-00038295 text messaging or email alerts and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00191-00038296-00038383 you'll get alert
+srYnyPXjt8U-00192-00038384-00038630 every time with your ballot that's
+srYnyPXjt8U-00193-00038631-00038790 working through the mail
+srYnyPXjt8U-00194-00038791-00038967 so you'll get an alert once it enters
+srYnyPXjt8U-00195-00038968-00039159 the mail stream you'll get an alert when
+srYnyPXjt8U-00196-00039160-00039311 it's in your mailbox
+srYnyPXjt8U-00197-00039312-00039471 and then you'll get an alert we get it
+srYnyPXjt8U-00198-00039472-00039646 and then another
+srYnyPXjt8U-00199-00039647-00039895 as good or if there's some question with
+srYnyPXjt8U-00200-00039896-00039990 your signature
+srYnyPXjt8U-00201-00039991-00040215 either the signature doesn't think there
+srYnyPXjt8U-00202-00040216-00040327 or you're
+srYnyPXjt8U-00203-00040328-00040630 missing in order to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00204-00040631-00040983 cure that okay so
+srYnyPXjt8U-00205-00040984-00041271 now one thing we're hearing a lot about
+srYnyPXjt8U-00206-00041272-00041399 on television and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00207-00041400-00041655 in psas is make a plan to vote and i've
+srYnyPXjt8U-00208-00041656-00041815 never heard that before
+srYnyPXjt8U-00209-00041816-00042030 but yeah yeah that's actually yeah i
+srYnyPXjt8U-00210-00042031-00042199 started that a couple years
+srYnyPXjt8U-00211-00042200-00042495 ago as far as making a plan to vote so
+srYnyPXjt8U-00212-00042496-00042687 and i don't want a question anymore are
+srYnyPXjt8U-00213-00042688-00042887 you voting i'm expecting everybody to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00214-00042888-00042983 vote
+srYnyPXjt8U-00215-00042984-00043190 and whether you're planning on looking
+srYnyPXjt8U-00216-00043191-00043383 for that vote by mail ballot that's
+srYnyPXjt8U-00217-00043384-00043535 going to be sent to you
+srYnyPXjt8U-00218-00043536-00043807 and i tried to do something creative
+srYnyPXjt8U-00219-00043808-00043967 with it so it might stick out
+srYnyPXjt8U-00220-00043968-00044158 in that pile of mail that you get every
+srYnyPXjt8U-00221-00044159-00044279 day so
+srYnyPXjt8U-00222-00044280-00044567 uh your ballot will have a big xo on it
+srYnyPXjt8U-00223-00044568-00044751 so i'm sending every voter a hug and a
+srYnyPXjt8U-00224-00044752-00044815 kiss so
+srYnyPXjt8U-00225-00044816-00045079 look for that in your uh your piles of
+srYnyPXjt8U-00226-00045080-00045127 mail
+srYnyPXjt8U-00227-00045128-00045711 and um by all means just email it to you
+srYnyPXjt8U-00228-00045712-00045935 you have options of dropping it off at a
+srYnyPXjt8U-00229-00045936-00046030 dropbox
+srYnyPXjt8U-00230-00046031-00046335 or a location um
+srYnyPXjt8U-00231-00046336-00046543 if you do mail it make sure that you get
+srYnyPXjt8U-00232-00046544-00046823 it postmarked on or before november 3rd
+srYnyPXjt8U-00233-00046824-00047158 and postage is paid on the ballot return
+srYnyPXjt8U-00234-00047159-00047374 envelope so you don't have to hunt for a
+srYnyPXjt8U-00235-00047375-00047495 stamp and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00236-00047496-00047695 uh just make sure that is postmarked on
+srYnyPXjt8U-00237-00047696-00047839 before november 3rd
+srYnyPXjt8U-00238-00047840-00048118 and california changed our law so now
+srYnyPXjt8U-00239-00048119-00048190 there's actually
+srYnyPXjt8U-00240-00048191-00048455 17 days on the back end for us to get it
+srYnyPXjt8U-00241-00048456-00048599 so if there's any kind
+srYnyPXjt8U-00242-00048600-00048895 of slowness happening there's no need to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00243-00048896-00049079 worry because as long as we get it by
+srYnyPXjt8U-00244-00049080-00050262 november
+srYnyPXjt8U-00245-00050263-00050430 i would not just drive it up to a
+srYnyPXjt8U-00246-00050431-00050639 dropbox that the usps
+srYnyPXjt8U-00247-00050640-00050886 uses i would actually walk it into the
+srYnyPXjt8U-00248-00050887-00051071 post office and make sure it gets that
+srYnyPXjt8U-00249-00051072-00051214 canceled stamp
+srYnyPXjt8U-00250-00051215-00051502 on um so we know that it's postmarked on
+srYnyPXjt8U-00251-00051503-00051638 november 3rd
+srYnyPXjt8U-00252-00051639-00051870 okay all right so that date is important
+srYnyPXjt8U-00253-00051871-00052094 to make sure that you get the postmark
+srYnyPXjt8U-00254-00052095-00052287 you can't just throw it in a box
+srYnyPXjt8U-00255-00052288-00052542 yes now our boxes you can and we will
+srYnyPXjt8U-00256-00052544-00052591 have
+srYnyPXjt8U-00257-00052591-00052903 our boxes will get cleared daily and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00258-00052904-00053182 on election night at 8 00 pm we're going
+srYnyPXjt8U-00259-00053183-00053454 to have people stationed at all those 15
+srYnyPXjt8U-00260-00053455-00053623 drop boxes and they'll be looking at
+srYnyPXjt8U-00261-00053624-00053791 their clicking as soon as 8 o'clock they
+srYnyPXjt8U-00262-00053791-00053942 will lock that box closed
+srYnyPXjt8U-00263-00053944-00054207 and secure it for the night empty all
+srYnyPXjt8U-00264-00054208-00054391 the ballots that are inside and bring
+srYnyPXjt8U-00265-00054391-00054550 them back to the county elections
+srYnyPXjt8U-00266-00054551-00054638 department for
+srYnyPXjt8U-00267-00054639-00054926 for processing and counting so in
+srYnyPXjt8U-00268-00054927-00055094 addition to making sure we get it
+srYnyPXjt8U-00269-00055095-00055303 postmarked and we mail it on time what
+srYnyPXjt8U-00270-00055304-00055479 other kinds of things should people be
+srYnyPXjt8U-00271-00055479-00055559 thinking about
+srYnyPXjt8U-00272-00055560-00055750 in to make sure that they vote what sort
+srYnyPXjt8U-00273-00055751-00055966 of steps go in the plan
+srYnyPXjt8U-00274-00055967-00056150 so right now we want to make sure people
+srYnyPXjt8U-00275-00056151-00056287 register so
+srYnyPXjt8U-00276-00056288-00056511 it's easy to register to vote you just
+srYnyPXjt8U-00277-00056512-00056838 go to register to vote.ca.gov
+srYnyPXjt8U-00278-00056839-00057007 and what happens and that's that works
+srYnyPXjt8U-00279-00057008-00057199 really well when you have a california
+srYnyPXjt8U-00280-00057200-00057447 driver's license or id because it will
+srYnyPXjt8U-00281-00057448-00057742 pull that signature on file with the dmv
+srYnyPXjt8U-00282-00057744-00057894 and that will be your signature for
+srYnyPXjt8U-00283-00057895-00058142 voting purposes so you always know what
+srYnyPXjt8U-00284-00058144-00058311 that signature looks like
+srYnyPXjt8U-00285-00058312-00058559 if you don't have a california id or
+srYnyPXjt8U-00286-00058560-00058726 driver's license a california driver's
+srYnyPXjt8U-00287-00058727-00058919 license you do have to print out a piece
+srYnyPXjt8U-00288-00058920-00059007 of paper
+srYnyPXjt8U-00289-00059008-00059215 that you need to sign and then mail it
+srYnyPXjt8U-00290-00059216-00059391 to us if you want to vote
+srYnyPXjt8U-00291-00059391-00059566 using the voter registration card you
+srYnyPXjt8U-00292-00059567-00059703 want to register to vote
+srYnyPXjt8U-00293-00059704-00059871 voter registration cards are available
+srYnyPXjt8U-00294-00059872-00060150 at post offices libraries city hall
+srYnyPXjt8U-00295-00060151-00060359 our office of course we're trying to get
+srYnyPXjt8U-00296-00060360-00060519 out in the community more
+srYnyPXjt8U-00297-00060520-00060735 so i believe there's an event tomorrow
+srYnyPXjt8U-00298-00060736-00060959 going on over at city hall
+srYnyPXjt8U-00299-00060960-00061087 and we're hoping to have the
+srYnyPXjt8U-00300-00061088-00061303 registration going on there so
+srYnyPXjt8U-00301-00061304-00061494 there are cards available or i can mail
+srYnyPXjt8U-00302-00061495-00061671 you a card you can call us
+srYnyPXjt8U-00303-00061672-00061911 and we can mail you a card that you can
+srYnyPXjt8U-00304-00061912-00062063 fill out and then return
+srYnyPXjt8U-00305-00062064-00062366 to us so sign up is the first step and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00306-00062367-00062479 then the next step
+srYnyPXjt8U-00307-00062479-00062742 people to do is check up so you want to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00308-00062744-00062942 check to make sure everything's correct
+srYnyPXjt8U-00309-00062944-00063519 so you can go to voter status
+srYnyPXjt8U-00310-00063520-00063742 and look up your your registration to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00311-00063744-00063903 make the correct name
+srYnyPXjt8U-00312-00063904-00064063 the correct address where you live and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00313-00064064-00064230 if there is an address that will be
+srYnyPXjt8U-00314-00064232-00064391 provided there as well
+srYnyPXjt8U-00315-00064391-00064550 so you know that's where i'm mailing the
+srYnyPXjt8U-00316-00064551-00064791 ballot so if it shows a po box and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00317-00064791-00065038 you're like oh i canceled that last year
+srYnyPXjt8U-00318-00065039-00065271 you know to let us know to get rid of
+srYnyPXjt8U-00319-00065272-00065479 that p.o box so we can mail that ballot
+srYnyPXjt8U-00320-00065479-00065591 to your residence
+srYnyPXjt8U-00321-00065592-00065775 so checking your status is super
+srYnyPXjt8U-00322-00065776-00065967 important and then the third thing you
+srYnyPXjt8U-00323-00065968-00066087 want to do is to sign
+srYnyPXjt8U-00324-00066088-00066343 up to track your ballot so again that's
+srYnyPXjt8U-00325-00066344-00066655 where is myballot.ca.gov
+srYnyPXjt8U-00326-00066656-00067087 easy to sign up and get those alerts
+srYnyPXjt8U-00327-00067088-00067271 those are three simple things to do sign
+srYnyPXjt8U-00328-00067272-00067455 up check up and track it
+srYnyPXjt8U-00329-00067456-00067671 yeah i've also heard to pick the date
+srYnyPXjt8U-00330-00067672-00067831 you're gonna vote make sure you have
+srYnyPXjt8U-00331-00067832-00067926 child care
+srYnyPXjt8U-00332-00067927-00068094 get your ride to the vote if you're
+srYnyPXjt8U-00333-00068095-00068271 gonna go and vote in person get a ride
+srYnyPXjt8U-00334-00068272-00068367 that sort of thing
+srYnyPXjt8U-00335-00068368-00068575 yeah yeah i mean it's so easy to vote
+srYnyPXjt8U-00336-00068576-00068679 from home now
+srYnyPXjt8U-00337-00068680-00068894 and it's so convenient you could do it
+srYnyPXjt8U-00338-00068895-00069038 on your own time
+srYnyPXjt8U-00339-00069039-00069359 and um and you are protected there so if
+srYnyPXjt8U-00340-00069360-00069487 somebody comes to your door and you're
+srYnyPXjt8U-00341-00069488-00069535 voting
+srYnyPXjt8U-00342-00069536-00069894 here so you need to tell them i'm sorry
+srYnyPXjt8U-00343-00069895-00070015 i'm voting you
+srYnyPXjt8U-00344-00070016-00070326 you need to leave um there is no
+srYnyPXjt8U-00345-00070327-00070438 electioneering
+srYnyPXjt8U-00346-00070439-00070606 around your home when you're in the
+srYnyPXjt8U-00347-00070607-00070838 process of voting people can't tell you
+srYnyPXjt8U-00348-00070839-00070950 how to vote
+srYnyPXjt8U-00349-00070951-00071159 don't give your ballot to a stranger if
+srYnyPXjt8U-00350-00071160-00071343 someone comes by and says i'm collecting
+srYnyPXjt8U-00351-00071344-00071526 ballots i'll return it for you
+srYnyPXjt8U-00352-00071527-00071791 don't do it if you need help with some
+srYnyPXjt8U-00353-00071792-00071950 with to return your ballot
+srYnyPXjt8U-00354-00071951-00072126 call us and we'll send someone to your
+srYnyPXjt8U-00355-00072127-00072287 home to pick up your ballot
+srYnyPXjt8U-00356-00072288-00072535 or enlist the assistance of somebody
+srYnyPXjt8U-00357-00072536-00072759 your family member or a household member
+srYnyPXjt8U-00358-00072760-00073975 or a neighbor somebody
+srYnyPXjt8U-00359-00073976-00074167 don't just give your voter ballot to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00360-00074168-00074319 somebody you don't know
+srYnyPXjt8U-00361-00074320-00074503 right and but it's okay to give it to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00362-00074504-00074671 someone you do know
+srYnyPXjt8U-00363-00074672-00074887 you can enlist the health facility and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00364-00074888-00075079 if you yeah but don't just give it to a
+srYnyPXjt8U-00365-00075080-00075182 stranger
+srYnyPXjt8U-00366-00075183-00075447 okay all right so that so while we're on
+srYnyPXjt8U-00367-00075448-00075567 that subject
+srYnyPXjt8U-00368-00075568-00075887 um they also i noticed in your on your
+srYnyPXjt8U-00369-00075888-00076087 website you also talk about compensation
+srYnyPXjt8U-00370-00076088-00076255 for voting
+srYnyPXjt8U-00371-00076256-00076487 like people may offer you something to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00372-00076488-00076559 vote right
+srYnyPXjt8U-00373-00076560-00076823 that's illegal so uh you know people
+srYnyPXjt8U-00374-00076824-00077047 can't offer you a dozen donuts or a free
+srYnyPXjt8U-00375-00077048-00077215 cup of coffee um
+srYnyPXjt8U-00376-00077216-00077479 i feel like every election somebody in
+srYnyPXjt8U-00377-00077480-00077606 you know with good nature
+srYnyPXjt8U-00378-00077607-00077806 says come in with your i voted sticker
+srYnyPXjt8U-00379-00077807-00077991 and you can get a free coffee you know
+srYnyPXjt8U-00380-00077992-00078182 that's illegal we cannot provide any
+srYnyPXjt8U-00381-00078183-00078335 sort of incentive for voting
+srYnyPXjt8U-00382-00078336-00078679 okay yeah all right and we'll get that i
+srYnyPXjt8U-00383-00078680-00078767 voted sticker
+srYnyPXjt8U-00384-00078768-00078967 so even though we're all getting about
+srYnyPXjt8U-00385-00078968-00079094 mailed to us it's gonna
+srYnyPXjt8U-00386-00079095-00079303 on the instruction sheet there will be
+srYnyPXjt8U-00387-00079304-00079511 that i voted sticker that you get to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00388-00079512-00079679 wear proudly when you go out and about
+srYnyPXjt8U-00389-00079680-00079871 in your community okay so everybody
+srYnyPXjt8U-00390-00079872-00079975 should look for that and wear it with
+srYnyPXjt8U-00391-00079976-00080047 pride
+srYnyPXjt8U-00392-00080048-00080350 yes if they go to if they decide to vote
+srYnyPXjt8U-00393-00080351-00080511 in person if they decide not to vote at
+srYnyPXjt8U-00394-00080512-00080671 home they head for the about do they
+srYnyPXjt8U-00395-00080672-00080894 need an id to vote in person
+srYnyPXjt8U-00396-00080895-00081087 no so what's going to happen when you
+srYnyPXjt8U-00397-00081088-00081279 show up i mean basically we're taking
+srYnyPXjt8U-00398-00081280-00081447 our office operation and we're
+srYnyPXjt8U-00399-00081448-00081687 duplicating it out in the community
+srYnyPXjt8U-00400-00081688-00081887 so we will have connectivity to our
+srYnyPXjt8U-00401-00081888-00082111 election information management system
+srYnyPXjt8U-00402-00082112-00082311 so when you do come in they will look up
+srYnyPXjt8U-00403-00082312-00082438 your name and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00404-00082439-00082687 verify and ask the address and if it's a
+srYnyPXjt8U-00405-00082688-00082815 match they'll go ahead and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00406-00082816-00083199 issue so the california law does not
+srYnyPXjt8U-00407-00083200-00083271 require id
+srYnyPXjt8U-00408-00083272-00083623 we do have 129 people who are in a what
+srYnyPXjt8U-00409-00083624-00083703 we're called
+srYnyPXjt8U-00410-00083704-00083959 first time federal voter category and we
+srYnyPXjt8U-00411-00083960-00084655 are not similar
+srYnyPXjt8U-00412-00084656-00084815 when we mail the ballots out they're
+srYnyPXjt8U-00413-00084816-00084975 going to be getting
+srYnyPXjt8U-00414-00084976-00085175 an alert that they do need to provide a
+srYnyPXjt8U-00415-00085176-00085479 copy of their id so we can verify them
+srYnyPXjt8U-00416-00085480-00085711 so that does occur but but if you go and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00417-00085712-00085855 and the other cool thing we're doing
+srYnyPXjt8U-00418-00085856-00086118 at the voting locations is in order to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00419-00086119-00086318 manage the line because we really don't
+srYnyPXjt8U-00420-00086319-00086503 want a lot of people congregating
+srYnyPXjt8U-00421-00086504-00086759 inside due to covid and we are going to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00422-00086760-00086943 be complying with all the public health
+srYnyPXjt8U-00423-00086944-00086999 guidelines
+srYnyPXjt8U-00424-00087000-00087135 we're going to be wearing masks we're
+srYnyPXjt8U-00425-00087136-00087367 going to have hand sanitation stations
+srYnyPXjt8U-00426-00087368-00087575 we'll have disinfectant to disinfect the
+srYnyPXjt8U-00427-00087576-00087703 surfaces we'll have
+srYnyPXjt8U-00428-00087704-00087903 shields and plastic dividers so and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00429-00087904-00088071 we'll be adhering to this
+srYnyPXjt8U-00430-00088072-00088335 physical distancing but what we've got
+srYnyPXjt8U-00431-00088336-00088399 also is
+srYnyPXjt8U-00432-00088400-00088606 an app so what we're going to have
+srYnyPXjt8U-00433-00088607-00088767 what's going to happen so remember those
+srYnyPXjt8U-00434-00088768-00088911 good old days when we went to a
+srYnyPXjt8U-00435-00088912-00089135 restaurant and all the tables were full
+srYnyPXjt8U-00436-00089136-00089294 they would get your cell phone number
+srYnyPXjt8U-00437-00089295-00089447 and they'll say we'll text you when your
+srYnyPXjt8U-00438-00089448-00089606 table's ready
+srYnyPXjt8U-00439-00089607-00089855 same thing with voting so if it says if
+srYnyPXjt8U-00440-00089856-00089959 it looks like well it's going to be a
+srYnyPXjt8U-00441-00089960-00090087 half hour wait
+srYnyPXjt8U-00442-00090088-00090279 that mean it's your cell phone number
+srYnyPXjt8U-00443-00090280-00090431 and we'll text you when
+srYnyPXjt8U-00444-00090432-00090735 you're ready to go sit in your car
+srYnyPXjt8U-00445-00090736-00090975 and you know listen to music you can
+srYnyPXjt8U-00446-00090976-00091071 take a little walk
+srYnyPXjt8U-00447-00091072-00091255 whatever it is you want to do and then
+srYnyPXjt8U-00448-00091256-00091438 you'll get that alert when it's your
+srYnyPXjt8U-00449-00091439-00091479 turn
+srYnyPXjt8U-00450-00091480-00091703 for your ballot and you can come back
+srYnyPXjt8U-00451-00091704-00091935 and get in line and get your ballot
+srYnyPXjt8U-00452-00091936-00092167 so that and i think we're also going to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00453-00092168-00092455 have it on our website where you can see
+srYnyPXjt8U-00454-00092456-00092687 which places have the longest wait time
+srYnyPXjt8U-00455-00092688-00092918 so kind of like the urgent care is due
+srYnyPXjt8U-00456-00092919-00093079 so if you if something happens and you
+srYnyPXjt8U-00457-00093080-00093223 need to go to urgent care you can go
+srYnyPXjt8U-00458-00093224-00093391 online and see what the wait time is
+srYnyPXjt8U-00459-00093392-00093550 we're hoping to have that same sort of
+srYnyPXjt8U-00460-00093551-00093718 concept where you can say oh well it
+srYnyPXjt8U-00461-00093719-00093791 looks like
+srYnyPXjt8U-00462-00093792-00093974 kaiser's got a 15-minute wait but
+srYnyPXjt8U-00463-00093975-00094167 simpkins has an hour wait we're gonna go
+srYnyPXjt8U-00464-00094168-00094406 back here and we're gonna go and vote
+srYnyPXjt8U-00465-00094407-00094599 there because there's less wait time
+srYnyPXjt8U-00466-00094600-00094911 and remember you can go to whatever any
+srYnyPXjt8U-00467-00094912-00095118 voter can go to any location
+srYnyPXjt8U-00468-00095119-00095423 and and remember that voting's not just
+srYnyPXjt8U-00469-00095424-00095759 tuesday tuesday's the last day to vote
+srYnyPXjt8U-00470-00095760-00095926 don't encourage people to get out there
+srYnyPXjt8U-00471-00095927-00096215 and vote on on saturday it's halloween
+srYnyPXjt8U-00472-00096216-00096350 come in costume
+srYnyPXjt8U-00473-00096351-00096743 uh a good chance to wear a mask right
+srYnyPXjt8U-00474-00096744-00097038 and then sunday will be open as well so
+srYnyPXjt8U-00475-00097039-00097206 uh so saturday sunday monday
+srYnyPXjt8U-00476-00097207-00097406 another good day and then tuesday so
+srYnyPXjt8U-00477-00097407-00097599 we're trying to flatten that voting
+srYnyPXjt8U-00478-00097600-00097774 curve to make sure that people
+srYnyPXjt8U-00479-00097775-00098071 trickle in over all four days versus all
+srYnyPXjt8U-00480-00098072-00098135 coming in
+srYnyPXjt8U-00481-00098136-00098431 on tuesday so if you want people that
+srYnyPXjt8U-00482-00098432-00098615 you know it's five o'clock tuesday and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00483-00098616-00098703 you're like oh it's
+srYnyPXjt8U-00484-00098704-00098974 election day i haven't voted yet and you
+srYnyPXjt8U-00485-00098975-00099215 rush out to that voting location by all
+srYnyPXjt8U-00486-00099216-00099271 means
+srYnyPXjt8U-00487-00099272-00099479 you're going to get to vote but you
+srYnyPXjt8U-00488-00099480-00099623 might have to wait longer
+srYnyPXjt8U-00489-00099624-00099831 but with our online app you can go wait
+srYnyPXjt8U-00490-00099832-00099967 in your car or do
+srYnyPXjt8U-00491-00099968-00100126 you know something else during that time
+srYnyPXjt8U-00492-00100127-00100326 you have to wait and so
+srYnyPXjt8U-00493-00100327-00100535 i i assume that regular safety
+srYnyPXjt8U-00494-00100536-00100671 precautions will be in place people
+srYnyPXjt8U-00495-00100672-00100855 should wear a mask they should stand six
+srYnyPXjt8U-00496-00100856-00100943 feet apart
+srYnyPXjt8U-00497-00100944-00101126 yes yes we're going to be adhering to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00498-00101127-00101318 all that public safety protocol
+srYnyPXjt8U-00499-00101319-00101399 guidelines
+srYnyPXjt8U-00500-00101400-00101662 absolutely yes now where can people find
+srYnyPXjt8U-00501-00101663-00101838 these voting locations is there a list
+srYnyPXjt8U-00502-00101839-00101911 someplace
+srYnyPXjt8U-00503-00101912-00102135 or will it be sent to them yeah so the
+srYnyPXjt8U-00504-00102136-00102294 list is going to be published in the
+srYnyPXjt8U-00505-00102295-00102399 voter guide
+srYnyPXjt8U-00506-00102400-00102606 and it's going to be in an insert with
+srYnyPXjt8U-00507-00102607-00102751 your mail ballot
+srYnyPXjt8U-00508-00102752-00103030 um and there's a little caveat that this
+srYnyPXjt8U-00509-00103031-00103182 is subject to change
+srYnyPXjt8U-00510-00103183-00103423 and no sooner than we sent the green
+srYnyPXjt8U-00511-00103424-00103510 light to print
+srYnyPXjt8U-00512-00103511-00103775 did we get a change so we do have one
+srYnyPXjt8U-00513-00103776-00103975 change that we posted on our website
+srYnyPXjt8U-00514-00103976-00104294 the soquel center does not have
+srYnyPXjt8U-00515-00104295-00104623 good connection and att is moving
+srYnyPXjt8U-00516-00104624-00105063 its uh whatever the device it has to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00517-00105064-00105239 provide for connectivity
+srYnyPXjt8U-00518-00105240-00105463 is getting moved to other areas of the
+srYnyPXjt8U-00519-00105464-00105590 state that are
+srYnyPXjt8U-00520-00105591-00105878 um under siege with these fires so we're
+srYnyPXjt8U-00521-00105879-00106015 not sure we're going to get that
+srYnyPXjt8U-00522-00106016-00106343 back in time for voting so what we did
+srYnyPXjt8U-00523-00106344-00106615 is just you know grateful to the santa
+srYnyPXjt8U-00524-00106616-00106799 cruz city school district and chris
+srYnyPXjt8U-00525-00106800-00106934 monroe and her team
+srYnyPXjt8U-00526-00106935-00107119 who now have said yes you can come to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00527-00107120-00107366 socal high and so we down the street at
+srYnyPXjt8U-00528-00107367-00107454 soquel high
+srYnyPXjt8U-00529-00107455-00107727 for the voting location and on october
+srYnyPXjt8U-00530-00107728-00107886 31st through november 3rd
+srYnyPXjt8U-00531-00107888-00108119 so we did have that one change so people
+srYnyPXjt8U-00532-00108120-00108263 are getting that published
+srYnyPXjt8U-00533-00108264-00108502 in their voter guide and their in their
+srYnyPXjt8U-00534-00108503-00108607 insert but
+srYnyPXjt8U-00535-00108608-00108766 we do have a change there where we're
+srYnyPXjt8U-00536-00108767-00108895 going to be moving down the street so
+srYnyPXjt8U-00537-00108896-00109047 we'll be posting signs
+srYnyPXjt8U-00538-00109048-00109215 at the conference center we're going to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00539-00109216-00109366 send out a postcard to people
+srYnyPXjt8U-00540-00109367-00109695 in the area and um and then hopefully
+srYnyPXjt8U-00541-00109696-00109847 people will get the word that we're
+srYnyPXjt8U-00542-00109848-00109999 we're moving down the street to the high
+srYnyPXjt8U-00543-00110000-00110095 school
+srYnyPXjt8U-00544-00110096-00110407 okay well hopefully this helps yeah how
+srYnyPXjt8U-00545-00110408-00110527 about um
+srYnyPXjt8U-00546-00110528-00110854 can you as the president has suggested
+srYnyPXjt8U-00547-00110855-00111175 vote by mail and then go to the polls
+srYnyPXjt8U-00548-00111176-00111383 and learn if your vote has been counted
+srYnyPXjt8U-00549-00111383-00111710 and vote again if it has not
+srYnyPXjt8U-00550-00111711-00111983 so okay well voting twice is a crime
+srYnyPXjt8U-00551-00111983-00112207 it's a felony so you don't want to vote
+srYnyPXjt8U-00552-00112208-00112310 twice
+srYnyPXjt8U-00553-00112311-00112519 and you will be getting those alerts
+srYnyPXjt8U-00554-00112520-00112639 through your uh
+srYnyPXjt8U-00555-00112640-00112847 you know where's my ballot tracking you
+srYnyPXjt8U-00556-00112848-00113031 can always call us to find out if your
+srYnyPXjt8U-00557-00113032-00113199 ballot was received
+srYnyPXjt8U-00558-00113200-00113558 um so you know if you do show up to vote
+srYnyPXjt8U-00559-00113559-00113758 and the indication is you've already
+srYnyPXjt8U-00560-00113759-00113910 received a ballot and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00561-00113911-00114247 and it's um if it hasn't been voted yet
+srYnyPXjt8U-00562-00114248-00114454 what we can do is we can avoid that
+srYnyPXjt8U-00563-00114455-00114590 first ballot and then
+srYnyPXjt8U-00564-00114591-00114958 issue you a second replacement ballot if
+srYnyPXjt8U-00565-00114959-00115071 that first ballot
+srYnyPXjt8U-00566-00115072-00115358 shows up in our office then it is voided
+srYnyPXjt8U-00567-00115359-00115534 and it's not going to get counted
+srYnyPXjt8U-00568-00115535-00115751 and that second ballot that you voted at
+srYnyPXjt8U-00569-00115752-00115878 your voting location
+srYnyPXjt8U-00570-00115879-00116151 will get counted instead but if you're
+srYnyPXjt8U-00571-00116152-00116327 if you show up to a voting location and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00572-00116328-00116527 we've already received your ballot
+srYnyPXjt8U-00573-00116528-00116758 and you've already cast it then we're
+srYnyPXjt8U-00574-00116759-00116910 going to say i'm sorry you've already
+srYnyPXjt8U-00575-00116911-00116975 voted
+srYnyPXjt8U-00576-00116976-00117207 if you insist on voting we're going to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00577-00117208-00117399 have you vote and put it in a pink
+srYnyPXjt8U-00578-00117400-00117647 envelope and that means it's provisional
+srYnyPXjt8U-00579-00117648-00117871 and so that gets held and does not get
+srYnyPXjt8U-00580-00117872-00117958 processed
+srYnyPXjt8U-00581-00117959-00118183 and so we will not be counting that vote
+srYnyPXjt8U-00582-00118183-00118366 so you would have to go to court
+srYnyPXjt8U-00583-00118367-00118590 to see what a judge would say and why
+srYnyPXjt8U-00584-00118591-00118727 you're voting a second
+srYnyPXjt8U-00585-00118728-00118927 what happens it's not going to happen so
+srYnyPXjt8U-00586-00118928-00119047 much in november
+srYnyPXjt8U-00587-00119048-00119263 but what happened a lot in the primary
+srYnyPXjt8U-00588-00119264-00119454 is candidates dropped out of the race
+srYnyPXjt8U-00589-00119455-00119678 especially those running for president
+srYnyPXjt8U-00590-00119679-00119927 during the voting period the early
+srYnyPXjt8U-00591-00119928-00120119 voting period so we had a lot of people
+srYnyPXjt8U-00592-00120120-00120358 calling and saying i voted for somebody
+srYnyPXjt8U-00593-00120359-00121647 who's dropped out of the content
+srYnyPXjt8U-00594-00121648-00121775 you know we don't want anyone
+srYnyPXjt8U-00595-00121776-00122014 encouraging anybody to break the law
+srYnyPXjt8U-00596-00122015-00122343 and so um you know that's just not
+srYnyPXjt8U-00597-00122344-00122471 advised
+srYnyPXjt8U-00598-00122472-00122695 so we so you your sound broke up a
+srYnyPXjt8U-00599-00122696-00122886 little bit there right at the end
+srYnyPXjt8U-00600-00122888-00123143 is there so so if you want to change
+srYnyPXjt8U-00601-00123144-00123207 your
+srYnyPXjt8U-00602-00123208-00123527 if you vote for someone who drops out
+srYnyPXjt8U-00603-00123528-00123790 what are your remedies are there any if
+srYnyPXjt8U-00604-00123791-00124023 you've already cast your ballot and it's
+srYnyPXjt8U-00605-00124024-00124158 already been received
+srYnyPXjt8U-00606-00124159-00124510 then then you cannot vote again
+srYnyPXjt8U-00607-00124511-00124743 legally you if you if you want to go
+srYnyPXjt8U-00608-00124744-00124839 through the process
+srYnyPXjt8U-00609-00124840-00125023 we'll give you a ballot and put it in a
+srYnyPXjt8U-00610-00125024-00125158 pink envelope and not
+srYnyPXjt8U-00611-00125159-00125399 count it and you can go to court and see
+srYnyPXjt8U-00612-00125400-00125527 if you can get a judge
+srYnyPXjt8U-00613-00125528-00125839 to authorize us to count that vote but i
+srYnyPXjt8U-00614-00125840-00126014 doubt there would be any judge who'd be
+srYnyPXjt8U-00615-00126015-00126199 willing to allow a voter to vote
+srYnyPXjt8U-00616-00126200-00126502 a second time okay all right
+srYnyPXjt8U-00617-00126503-00126734 so let's say there's a problem with your
+srYnyPXjt8U-00618-00126735-00126951 ballot like your signature doesn't match
+srYnyPXjt8U-00619-00126952-00127023 or you
+srYnyPXjt8U-00620-00127024-00127231 can't read the places you've filled in
+srYnyPXjt8U-00621-00127232-00127414 will you be contacted or you just don't
+srYnyPXjt8U-00622-00127415-00127534 count those
+srYnyPXjt8U-00623-00127535-00127886 so no no so if uh if there's a
+srYnyPXjt8U-00624-00127888-00128086 if the signature doesn't compare to what
+srYnyPXjt8U-00625-00128088-00128231 we have on file or you
+srYnyPXjt8U-00626-00128232-00128486 fail to sign your ballot return envelope
+srYnyPXjt8U-00627-00128488-00128654 we will contact you
+srYnyPXjt8U-00628-00128655-00128847 we'll contact you first of all we'll try
+srYnyPXjt8U-00629-00128848-00129007 to contact you through the information
+srYnyPXjt8U-00630-00129008-00129166 you gave us on the envelope because we
+srYnyPXjt8U-00631-00129167-00129358 asked for a phone number or email which
+srYnyPXjt8U-00632-00129359-00129463 is nice and quick
+srYnyPXjt8U-00633-00129464-00129686 for us to call you and say hey you
+srYnyPXjt8U-00634-00129688-00129814 didn't sign your ballot
+srYnyPXjt8U-00635-00129815-00130143 envelope and here online we have a form
+srYnyPXjt8U-00636-00130144-00130343 you could fill out and get back to us
+srYnyPXjt8U-00637-00130344-00130527 so we could match these up and get it
+srYnyPXjt8U-00638-00130528-00130719 processed but if we don't
+srYnyPXjt8U-00639-00130720-00130934 can't get a hold of you through a phone
+srYnyPXjt8U-00640-00130935-00131159 or email then we're going to mail you a
+srYnyPXjt8U-00641-00131160-00131247 letter
+srYnyPXjt8U-00642-00131248-00131495 with the form that you need to sign and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00643-00131496-00131590 get back to us
+srYnyPXjt8U-00644-00131591-00131790 and you'll have to do that by november
+srYnyPXjt8U-00645-00131791-00131919 29th
+srYnyPXjt8U-00646-00131920-00132127 oh okay two days before we started we're
+srYnyPXjt8U-00647-00132128-00132302 gonna certify the election on december
+srYnyPXjt8U-00648-00132303-00132390 first
+srYnyPXjt8U-00649-00132391-00132735 so that's why you have that much time
+srYnyPXjt8U-00650-00132736-00133007 so so center certifying on december 1st
+srYnyPXjt8U-00651-00133008-00133135 i'm wondering
+srYnyPXjt8U-00652-00133136-00133478 how long does it take now with all the
+srYnyPXjt8U-00653-00133479-00133583 people voting
+srYnyPXjt8U-00654-00133584-00134023 uh by mail um and drop off ballots in
+srYnyPXjt8U-00655-00134024-00134199 the in your drop boxes
+srYnyPXjt8U-00656-00134200-00134375 how long will it take you and what's the
+srYnyPXjt8U-00657-00134376-00134623 process to count these votes so yeah
+srYnyPXjt8U-00658-00134624-00134831 it's it's a very tedious process because
+srYnyPXjt8U-00659-00134832-00134951 as ballots come in
+srYnyPXjt8U-00660-00134952-00135207 our first step is to peel off that tab
+srYnyPXjt8U-00661-00135208-00135390 to reveal the signature
+srYnyPXjt8U-00662-00135391-00135623 and then they go through a ballot sorry
+srYnyPXjt8U-00663-00135624-00135743 sorter that will
+srYnyPXjt8U-00664-00135744-00136007 um basically capture that signature
+srYnyPXjt8U-00665-00136008-00136119 digitally
+srYnyPXjt8U-00666-00136120-00136302 and then i have clerks that are at
+srYnyPXjt8U-00667-00136303-00136478 computers that have been
+srYnyPXjt8U-00668-00136479-00136775 trained to look for signatures and do
+srYnyPXjt8U-00669-00136776-00136927 signature comparison
+srYnyPXjt8U-00670-00136928-00137166 and they'll see five signatures at a
+srYnyPXjt8U-00671-00137167-00137287 time on the screen
+srYnyPXjt8U-00672-00137288-00137495 the one that we have on file and then
+srYnyPXjt8U-00673-00137496-00137695 the one on your envelope and it's either
+srYnyPXjt8U-00674-00137696-00137790 a comparison
+srYnyPXjt8U-00675-00137791-00138087 or it's not or it's unsigned and and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00676-00138088-00138223 then those get kicked out
+srYnyPXjt8U-00677-00138224-00138535 and then they're gonna get processed
+srYnyPXjt8U-00678-00138536-00138743 and and the ones that do go to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00679-00138744-00138943 processing what happens then
+srYnyPXjt8U-00680-00138944-00139254 is that this uh balance order has sliced
+srYnyPXjt8U-00681-00139255-00139454 the ballot envelope open
+srYnyPXjt8U-00682-00139455-00139719 so we have teams that sit down and they
+srYnyPXjt8U-00683-00139720-00139854 extract the ballot
+srYnyPXjt8U-00684-00139855-00140071 and they do it in groups of a hundred so
+srYnyPXjt8U-00685-00140072-00140207 they'll extract 100
+srYnyPXjt8U-00686-00140208-00140414 ballots from the paper envelopes they'll
+srYnyPXjt8U-00687-00140415-00140566 count up to make sure they have 100
+srYnyPXjt8U-00688-00140567-00140639 envelopes
+srYnyPXjt8U-00689-00140640-00140790 and count to make sure they have 100
+srYnyPXjt8U-00690-00140791-00141014 ballots what does happen sometimes
+srYnyPXjt8U-00691-00141015-00141190 especially in households they'll have
+srYnyPXjt8U-00692-00141191-00141351 two people in the household
+srYnyPXjt8U-00693-00141352-00141527 and they both return their ballot and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00694-00141528-00141751 one envelope don't do that
+srYnyPXjt8U-00695-00141752-00141959 each individual voter needs to have
+srYnyPXjt8U-00696-00141960-00142190 their own individual envelope and their
+srYnyPXjt8U-00697-00142191-00142271 signature
+srYnyPXjt8U-00698-00142272-00142543 on the envelope so we once that matches
+srYnyPXjt8U-00699-00142544-00142702 up then we take those hundred envelopes
+srYnyPXjt8U-00700-00142703-00142878 we take them off the table
+srYnyPXjt8U-00701-00142879-00143102 and then we open the ballot and we look
+srYnyPXjt8U-00702-00143103-00143287 at it and inspect it to see if there's
+srYnyPXjt8U-00703-00143288-00143551 any issues with the ballot did a voter
+srYnyPXjt8U-00704-00143552-00143814 vote no on a proposition
+srYnyPXjt8U-00705-00143815-00144031 yes and if there's voters they're
+srYnyPXjt8U-00706-00144032-00144207 telling us how they want to change their
+srYnyPXjt8U-00707-00144208-00144278 vote
+srYnyPXjt8U-00708-00144279-00144495 we will have a two-person duplicating
+srYnyPXjt8U-00709-00144496-00144719 team do that for them
+srYnyPXjt8U-00710-00144720-00144919 and then the ballots once they're
+srYnyPXjt8U-00711-00144920-00145087 flattened and ready they will go into
+srYnyPXjt8U-00712-00145088-00145287 our ballot counting room and they get
+srYnyPXjt8U-00713-00145288-00145383 scanned
+srYnyPXjt8U-00714-00145384-00145695 and then they get batched up and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00715-00145696-00146047 stored in um and and boxes
+srYnyPXjt8U-00716-00146048-00146263 and we just keep doing that process
+srYnyPXjt8U-00717-00146264-00146407 until every single ballot
+srYnyPXjt8U-00718-00146408-00146687 is processed and counted and the ones
+srYnyPXjt8U-00719-00146688-00146775 that did get kicked
+srYnyPXjt8U-00720-00146776-00147039 out get kicked out for no signature
+srYnyPXjt8U-00721-00147040-00147095 that's in
+srYnyPXjt8U-00722-00147096-00147231 you know we know we're going to have to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00723-00147232-00147399 contact that voter we'll send them a
+srYnyPXjt8U-00724-00147400-00147566 letter or try to contact them let them
+srYnyPXjt8U-00725-00147567-00147726 know we need their signature
+srYnyPXjt8U-00726-00147727-00147919 for the ones that didn't compare we're
+srYnyPXjt8U-00727-00147920-00148095 going to have two other clerks look at
+srYnyPXjt8U-00728-00148096-00148159 that
+srYnyPXjt8U-00729-00148160-00148511 before it goes into yes it's challenged
+srYnyPXjt8U-00730-00148512-00148678 and at the point that it's challenged
+srYnyPXjt8U-00731-00148679-00148847 we're going to try to contact the voter
+srYnyPXjt8U-00732-00148848-00148990 by email or phone
+srYnyPXjt8U-00733-00148991-00149223 or send them that form and the form will
+srYnyPXjt8U-00734-00149224-00149447 also be posted on our website
+srYnyPXjt8U-00735-00149448-00149631 so signed up for where is my ballot
+srYnyPXjt8U-00736-00149632-00149831 you're going to also get a text alert
+srYnyPXjt8U-00737-00149832-00150126 that says ballot challenge signature
+srYnyPXjt8U-00738-00150127-00150247 doesn't compare
+srYnyPXjt8U-00739-00150248-00150526 so you can go online fill out that form
+srYnyPXjt8U-00740-00150527-00150575 scan
+srYnyPXjt8U-00741-00150576-00150735 it and email it back and you're and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00742-00150736-00150935 you're done so
+srYnyPXjt8U-00743-00150936-00151119 we have lots of ways for people to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00744-00151120-00151319 rectify a signature if there's any
+srYnyPXjt8U-00745-00151320-00151559 question with it comparing
+srYnyPXjt8U-00746-00151560-00151783 so so this sounds like it's going to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00747-00151784-00151878 take some time
+srYnyPXjt8U-00748-00151879-00152135 and so what kind of results will we have
+srYnyPXjt8U-00749-00152136-00152311 on election night any at all well the
+srYnyPXjt8U-00750-00152312-00152502 reality is election night is always a
+srYnyPXjt8U-00751-00152503-00152639 snapshot we will
+srYnyPXjt8U-00752-00152640-00152926 have for the last six elections or more
+srYnyPXjt8U-00753-00152927-00153166 we have counted more ballots
+srYnyPXjt8U-00754-00153167-00153551 today than on election night because
+srYnyPXjt8U-00755-00153552-00153799 more than 70 percent of our voters have
+srYnyPXjt8U-00756-00153800-00153999 have opted to vote by mail
+srYnyPXjt8U-00757-00154000-00154319 so um and but it doesn't take forever i
+srYnyPXjt8U-00758-00154320-00154439 mean we will be processing it and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00759-00154440-00154575 getting through so it's probably a good
+srYnyPXjt8U-00760-00154576-00154711 week to week and a half
+srYnyPXjt8U-00761-00154712-00154854 where we're going to have the bulk of
+srYnyPXjt8U-00762-00154855-00155063 the ballots in and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00763-00155064-00155247 election officials always love wide
+srYnyPXjt8U-00764-00155248-00155423 margins so certainly
+srYnyPXjt8U-00765-00155424-00155678 the wider the margin that the the more
+srYnyPXjt8U-00766-00155679-00155766 people can feel
+srYnyPXjt8U-00767-00155767-00155935 assured that the winner is going to stay
+srYnyPXjt8U-00768-00155936-00156078 the winner and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00769-00156079-00156295 that will go that direction but we do
+srYnyPXjt8U-00770-00156296-00156526 have this close contest it cannot be
+srYnyPXjt8U-00771-00156527-00156614 called
+srYnyPXjt8U-00772-00156615-00156926 until all votes are in all votes are
+srYnyPXjt8U-00773-00156927-00157231 audited and all votes are certified
+srYnyPXjt8U-00774-00157232-00157607 so we do a a manual recount process
+srYnyPXjt8U-00775-00157608-00157839 where every contest will be recounted
+srYnyPXjt8U-00776-00157840-00158023 and we'll be verifying that machine
+srYnyPXjt8U-00777-00158024-00158239 count against that
+srYnyPXjt8U-00778-00158240-00158590 paper count and all balancing
+srYnyPXjt8U-00779-00158591-00158863 interventions we do a lot of checks and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00780-00158864-00159063 balances during the canvas period
+srYnyPXjt8U-00781-00159064-00159287 and that campus period is what occurred
+srYnyPXjt8U-00782-00159288-00159439 after election day through
+srYnyPXjt8U-00783-00159440-00159743 december 1st okay wow
+srYnyPXjt8U-00784-00159744-00159919 wow that sounds like a lot to do it's
+srYnyPXjt8U-00785-00159920-00160071 very labor intensive
+srYnyPXjt8U-00786-00160072-00160359 and and and we're used to working close
+srYnyPXjt8U-00787-00160360-00160423 together
+srYnyPXjt8U-00788-00160424-00160647 and we can't do that anymore we need to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00789-00160648-00160831 space out so we're going to have to set
+srYnyPXjt8U-00790-00160832-00161031 out tables in our hallway and have
+srYnyPXjt8U-00791-00161032-00161071 people
+srYnyPXjt8U-00792-00161072-00161295 six feet apart doing these processes
+srYnyPXjt8U-00793-00161296-00161471 that we're used to doing next to each
+srYnyPXjt8U-00794-00161472-00161559 other so
+srYnyPXjt8U-00795-00161560-00161759 uh we're having to change the way we're
+srYnyPXjt8U-00796-00161760-00161878 doing business uh
+srYnyPXjt8U-00797-00161879-00162254 here in our office wow so um
+srYnyPXjt8U-00798-00162255-00162526 that sounds like that sounds like a lot
+srYnyPXjt8U-00799-00162527-00162719 of work but you've got a plan so i'm
+srYnyPXjt8U-00800-00162720-00162902 sure oh yeah
+srYnyPXjt8U-00801-00162903-00163087 this isn't our first rodeo we've got
+srYnyPXjt8U-00802-00163088-00163287 we've got a really good team of people
+srYnyPXjt8U-00803-00163288-00163326 who
+srYnyPXjt8U-00804-00163327-00163623 uh cared passionately and deeply about
+srYnyPXjt8U-00805-00163624-00163766 the democratic process
+srYnyPXjt8U-00806-00163767-00163999 and making sure that every eligible
+srYnyPXjt8U-00807-00164000-00164078 voters
+srYnyPXjt8U-00808-00164079-00164287 ballot is counted accurately we
+srYnyPXjt8U-00809-00164288-00164487 everything we do is transparent and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00810-00164488-00164726 open to the public so people want to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00811-00164727-00164975 come observe they're welcome to do so
+srYnyPXjt8U-00812-00164976-00165175 also trying to put up some cameras so we
+srYnyPXjt8U-00813-00165176-00165390 can have some live streaming going of
+srYnyPXjt8U-00814-00165391-00165583 our processes so you can
+srYnyPXjt8U-00815-00165584-00165799 sit at the safety of your own home in
+srYnyPXjt8U-00816-00165800-00165966 front of your computer and look at what
+srYnyPXjt8U-00817-00165967-00166078 we're doing
+srYnyPXjt8U-00818-00166079-00166351 um so we're hoping to just make it as
+srYnyPXjt8U-00819-00166352-00166583 open and transparent so people know
+srYnyPXjt8U-00820-00166584-00166783 exactly the processes we're taking to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00821-00166784-00166951 get through so
+srYnyPXjt8U-00822-00166952-00167175 democracy takes time counting votes
+srYnyPXjt8U-00823-00167176-00167335 takes time you don't want to do it
+srYnyPXjt8U-00824-00167336-00167551 we don't want it done quick we want it
+srYnyPXjt8U-00825-00167552-00167711 done accurately
+srYnyPXjt8U-00826-00167712-00168063 and accuracy takes time now um you've
+srYnyPXjt8U-00827-00168064-00168102 done
+srYnyPXjt8U-00828-00168103-00168375 a lot of work also to make voting really
+srYnyPXjt8U-00829-00168376-00168543 accessible so i wanted to ask you a
+srYnyPXjt8U-00830-00168544-00168711 little bit about some of the
+srYnyPXjt8U-00831-00168712-00168919 offerings that you have like curbside
+srYnyPXjt8U-00832-00168920-00169111 voting can you talk about that
+srYnyPXjt8U-00833-00169112-00169383 yeah so if a voter for any reason cannot
+srYnyPXjt8U-00834-00169384-00169599 access a voting location and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00835-00169600-00169831 wants to be able to get a ballot there
+srYnyPXjt8U-00836-00169832-00169975 they just need to call us
+srYnyPXjt8U-00837-00169976-00170190 and set up an appointment really for us
+srYnyPXjt8U-00838-00170191-00170351 to know that you're going to be
+srYnyPXjt8U-00839-00170352-00170583 over at the scotts valley community
+srYnyPXjt8U-00840-00170584-00170671 center
+srYnyPXjt8U-00841-00170672-00170959 at 12 o'clock on sunday and i will make
+srYnyPXjt8U-00842-00170960-00170999 sure
+srYnyPXjt8U-00843-00171000-00171295 that they're out there to you and get
+srYnyPXjt8U-00844-00171296-00171407 you signed in
+srYnyPXjt8U-00845-00171408-00171743 thank you you do not have to leave your
+srYnyPXjt8U-00846-00171744-00171847 car
+srYnyPXjt8U-00847-00171848-00172102 okay so to uh talk a little bit about
+srYnyPXjt8U-00848-00172103-00172302 the touch screen voting system what
+srYnyPXjt8U-00849-00172303-00172502 kinds of things does it have to offer
+srYnyPXjt8U-00850-00172503-00172790 so it's actually a tablet uh so it's
+srYnyPXjt8U-00851-00172791-00172975 very similar to like an ipad
+srYnyPXjt8U-00852-00172976-00173166 kind of thing it's it's a large tablet
+srYnyPXjt8U-00853-00173167-00173343 that's hooked to a printer
+srYnyPXjt8U-00854-00173344-00173678 it's not connected to the internet unit
+srYnyPXjt8U-00855-00173679-00173959 it's only used to mark a paper ballot
+srYnyPXjt8U-00856-00173960-00174119 nothing is stored
+srYnyPXjt8U-00857-00174120-00174319 and so a voter will navigate through
+srYnyPXjt8U-00858-00174320-00174502 their ballot on the tablet
+srYnyPXjt8U-00859-00174503-00174807 it has an accessibility component so
+srYnyPXjt8U-00860-00174808-00175063 it can be an audio ballot so a voter can
+srYnyPXjt8U-00861-00175064-00175199 put headphones on
+srYnyPXjt8U-00862-00175200-00175359 and have the ballot read to them and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00863-00175360-00175519 they can make selections through a
+srYnyPXjt8U-00864-00175520-00175702 tactile device kind of like a
+srYnyPXjt8U-00865-00175703-00175863 kind of like a game boy device where
+srYnyPXjt8U-00866-00175864-00176047 they could go ahead and add a ballot and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00867-00176048-00176190 make their selections
+srYnyPXjt8U-00868-00176191-00176383 and then when they're all done they act
+srYnyPXjt8U-00869-00176384-00176575 their ballots printed
+srYnyPXjt8U-00870-00176576-00176823 in the off-the-shelf printer that's
+srYnyPXjt8U-00871-00176824-00176951 right next to it
+srYnyPXjt8U-00872-00176952-00177263 and the voter can can read it
+srYnyPXjt8U-00873-00177264-00177454 to make sure that it has all their
+srYnyPXjt8U-00874-00177455-00177631 choices their choices are written on
+srYnyPXjt8U-00875-00177632-00177695 there
+srYnyPXjt8U-00876-00177696-00178047 and and so that's
+srYnyPXjt8U-00877-00178048-00178214 if you are someone who's visually
+srYnyPXjt8U-00878-00178215-00178390 impaired and you cannot
+srYnyPXjt8U-00879-00178391-00178687 read text mostly many of the voters have
+srYnyPXjt8U-00880-00178688-00178878 a reading program on their phone
+srYnyPXjt8U-00881-00178879-00179111 and the phone can read the text to them
+srYnyPXjt8U-00882-00179112-00179238 to verify
+srYnyPXjt8U-00883-00179239-00179495 their selections and then that ballot is
+srYnyPXjt8U-00884-00179496-00179614 put inside the ballot
+srYnyPXjt8U-00885-00179615-00179895 ballot box and it's tallied here at uh
+srYnyPXjt8U-00886-00179896-00180047 county elections
+srYnyPXjt8U-00887-00180048-00180271 so and then the other option with the
+srYnyPXjt8U-00888-00180272-00180526 tablet is to vote a spanish ballot
+srYnyPXjt8U-00889-00180527-00180671 so again we're getting spanish
+srYnyPXjt8U-00890-00180672-00180838 facsimiles of all of our
+srYnyPXjt8U-00891-00180839-00181047 our ballots and we're mailing those to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00892-00181048-00181207 all of our voters who've requested
+srYnyPXjt8U-00893-00181208-00181335 spanish materials
+srYnyPXjt8U-00894-00181336-00181511 but then they'll also be the spanish
+srYnyPXjt8U-00895-00181512-00181671 ballot available for them
+srYnyPXjt8U-00896-00181672-00181902 at the voting location on the tablet if
+srYnyPXjt8U-00897-00181903-00182083 they choose
+srYnyPXjt8U-00898-00182084-00182423 and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00899-00182424-00182751 locations as well okay so what about
+srYnyPXjt8U-00900-00182752-00182951 getting a ride to the polls
+srYnyPXjt8U-00901-00182952-00183295 is that possible yes yes so um we will
+srYnyPXjt8U-00902-00183296-00183423 definitely provide
+srYnyPXjt8U-00903-00183424-00183607 uh rides through the polls for people
+srYnyPXjt8U-00904-00183608-00183743 who need that um
+srYnyPXjt8U-00905-00183744-00183935 i know that that uber and lyft were
+srYnyPXjt8U-00906-00183936-00184047 doing programs
+srYnyPXjt8U-00907-00184048-00184254 and other elections and and we've been
+srYnyPXjt8U-00908-00184255-00184438 fortunate to use them as well
+srYnyPXjt8U-00909-00184439-00184671 so um you know we'll just have to see
+srYnyPXjt8U-00910-00184672-00184759 what voters
+srYnyPXjt8U-00911-00184760-00185054 need and um you know definitely we want
+srYnyPXjt8U-00912-00185055-00185271 to comply with all the
+srYnyPXjt8U-00913-00185272-00185487 safety protocols so anybody getting a
+srYnyPXjt8U-00914-00185488-00185654 ride will need to be wearing a mask and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00915-00185655-00185799 the person driving will be wearing a
+srYnyPXjt8U-00916-00185800-00185854 mask
+srYnyPXjt8U-00917-00185855-00186031 and you'll be keeping you know front
+srYnyPXjt8U-00918-00186032-00186231 seat back seat and limit it just to one
+srYnyPXjt8U-00919-00186232-00186319 rider per
+srYnyPXjt8U-00920-00186320-00186759 driver okay so audio
+srYnyPXjt8U-00921-00186760-00186935 the other thing that we do have too i
+srYnyPXjt8U-00922-00186936-00187078 don't think i've said this yet is we
+srYnyPXjt8U-00923-00187079-00187326 have a remote accessible
+srYnyPXjt8U-00924-00187327-00187623 vote by mail program and what that is
+srYnyPXjt8U-00925-00187624-00187807 right now it's being used a lot by our
+srYnyPXjt8U-00926-00187808-00188014 military and overseas voters because
+srYnyPXjt8U-00927-00188015-00188135 their voting began
+srYnyPXjt8U-00928-00188136-00188414 on on september 4th they get to vote
+srYnyPXjt8U-00929-00188415-00188566 early in an election
+srYnyPXjt8U-00930-00188567-00188895 and what they are doing is that we are
+srYnyPXjt8U-00931-00188896-00189087 emailing them their ballot with an
+srYnyPXjt8U-00932-00189088-00189319 access an access code we email them an
+srYnyPXjt8U-00933-00189320-00189423 access code
+srYnyPXjt8U-00934-00189424-00189663 and then they can go online to actually
+srYnyPXjt8U-00935-00189664-00189799 open up their ballot
+srYnyPXjt8U-00936-00189800-00189975 and they can make their selections on
+srYnyPXjt8U-00937-00189976-00190214 their computer and then they print it
+srYnyPXjt8U-00938-00190215-00191031 and if you argue or see
+srYnyPXjt8U-00939-00191032-00191287 right now is not the greatest so having
+srYnyPXjt8U-00940-00191288-00191487 that ability to fax it back
+srYnyPXjt8U-00941-00191488-00191766 is really really important if people
+srYnyPXjt8U-00942-00191767-00192038 don't have access to a fax machine
+srYnyPXjt8U-00943-00192039-00192254 the department of defense operates the
+srYnyPXjt8U-00944-00192255-00192471 federal voting assistance program
+srYnyPXjt8U-00945-00192472-00192631 and they have a method where you can
+srYnyPXjt8U-00946-00192632-00192831 email it to them and then they could fax
+srYnyPXjt8U-00947-00192832-00193007 it to the local elections official
+srYnyPXjt8U-00948-00193008-00193447 so it's all very secure and monitored
+srYnyPXjt8U-00949-00193448-00193719 uh and otherwise uh the remote
+srYnyPXjt8U-00950-00193720-00193902 accessible vote by mail program
+srYnyPXjt8U-00951-00193903-00194175 is also used to be available uh only to
+srYnyPXjt8U-00952-00194176-00194366 people in the military and overseas
+srYnyPXjt8U-00953-00194367-00194863 voters with disabilities
+srYnyPXjt8U-00954-00194864-00195063 so they were able to vote independently
+srYnyPXjt8U-00955-00195064-00195247 and privately from home
+srYnyPXjt8U-00956-00195248-00195566 using this we call it rabbm the acronym
+srYnyPXjt8U-00957-00195567-00195750 for remote accessible vote by mail
+srYnyPXjt8U-00958-00195751-00195838 balloting
+srYnyPXjt8U-00959-00195839-00196047 they'd be able to vote that way but
+srYnyPXjt8U-00960-00196048-00196207 during cobit uh
+srYnyPXjt8U-00961-00196208-00196407 the the governor and the legislature has
+srYnyPXjt8U-00962-00196408-00196590 now opened it up to any voter
+srYnyPXjt8U-00963-00196591-00196775 so any voter who would like to take
+srYnyPXjt8U-00964-00196776-00197007 advantage and use this method of voting
+srYnyPXjt8U-00965-00197008-00197214 they are more than welcome to call us or
+srYnyPXjt8U-00966-00197215-00197326 go to our website
+srYnyPXjt8U-00967-00197327-00197566 and request a remote accessible vote by
+srYnyPXjt8U-00968-00197567-00197654 mail ballot
+srYnyPXjt8U-00969-00197655-00197863 and we can email you that access code
+srYnyPXjt8U-00970-00197864-00197983 you can't do it now though
+srYnyPXjt8U-00971-00197984-00198175 if you're a domestic voter that's only
+srYnyPXjt8U-00972-00198176-00198350 for the military and overseas but
+srYnyPXjt8U-00973-00198351-00198638 come october 5th we can set you up and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00974-00198639-00198671 we
+srYnyPXjt8U-00975-00198672-00198895 you can be emailed and access code and
+srYnyPXjt8U-00976-00198896-00199047 vote your ballot that way
+srYnyPXjt8U-00977-00199048-00199343 and then return it to us that is
+srYnyPXjt8U-00978-00199344-00199447 impressive
+srYnyPXjt8U-00979-00199448-00199711 yeah um can you talk to me about the
+srYnyPXjt8U-00980-00199712-00199831 audio versions
+srYnyPXjt8U-00981-00199832-00200031 of the information about local measures
+srYnyPXjt8U-00982-00200032-00200278 can if can people get a recording of
+srYnyPXjt8U-00983-00200279-00200431 their voter guide so
+srYnyPXjt8U-00984-00200432-00200678 we're i believe we're in the process of
+srYnyPXjt8U-00985-00200679-00200807 posting that now
+srYnyPXjt8U-00986-00200808-00201126 um so that is part of actually the radbm
+srYnyPXjt8U-00987-00201127-00201214 system
+srYnyPXjt8U-00988-00201215-00201535 where you can get the ballot material
+srYnyPXjt8U-00989-00201536-00201863 read to you so um that is
+srYnyPXjt8U-00990-00201864-00202207 and and being built i think as we speak
+srYnyPXjt8U-00991-00202208-00202447 wow so i know we have uh we have
+srYnyPXjt8U-00992-00202448-00202519 information
+srYnyPXjt8U-00993-00202520-00202678 uh going out in spanish and you can
+srYnyPXjt8U-00994-00202679-00202878 receive a ballot in spanish are there
+srYnyPXjt8U-00995-00202879-00203047 any other languages that you can get
+srYnyPXjt8U-00996-00203048-00203223 your voter material in
+srYnyPXjt8U-00997-00203224-00203559 we have people who can assist in tagalog
+srYnyPXjt8U-00998-00203560-00203878 and chinese and uh if there's any other
+srYnyPXjt8U-00999-00203879-00204054 language needs out there
+srYnyPXjt8U-01000-00204055-00204254 voters need to let us know and we will
+srYnyPXjt8U-01001-00204255-00204390 get somebody who can
+srYnyPXjt8U-01002-00204391-00204711 uh translate for you okay
+srYnyPXjt8U-01003-00204712-00205023 so in in santa cruz county
+srYnyPXjt8U-01004-00205023-00205255 you have all these mail-in ballots but
+srYnyPXjt8U-01005-00205256-00205486 when can you start counting them
+srYnyPXjt8U-01006-00205487-00205679 so actually the law changed on that as
+srYnyPXjt8U-01007-00205680-00205919 well so so we don't count them we
+srYnyPXjt8U-01008-00205919-00206038 process them
+srYnyPXjt8U-01009-00206039-00206303 so as as soon as the ballots come into
+srYnyPXjt8U-01010-00206304-00206390 us we can do
+srYnyPXjt8U-01011-00206391-00206694 all that work to get them uh scanned and
+srYnyPXjt8U-01012-00206696-00207038 into the queue but we don't hit
+srYnyPXjt8U-01013-00207039-00207342 until after 8 pm on election
+srYnyPXjt8U-01014-00207344-00207646 so nobody knows any vote totals until
+srYnyPXjt8U-01015-00207648-00207855 after 8 pm election night and that's
+srYnyPXjt8U-01016-00207856-00208079 when we will release our first results
+srYnyPXjt8U-01017-00208080-00208255 so if you are one of those people who
+srYnyPXjt8U-01018-00208256-00208494 wants to be the first ballot counted
+srYnyPXjt8U-01019-00208496-00208782 vote early use that ballot we mail you
+srYnyPXjt8U-01020-00208783-00208903 return it to us
+srYnyPXjt8U-01021-00208904-00209062 and then that will be in that first
+srYnyPXjt8U-01022-00209063-00209223 batch that gets released something
+srYnyPXjt8U-01023-00209223-00209319 usually it's around
+srYnyPXjt8U-01024-00209319-00209534 by 8 30 i would say on election night
+srYnyPXjt8U-01025-00209535-00209638 because if there's any
+srYnyPXjt8U-01026-00209639-00209879 voting here here in the office we don't
+srYnyPXjt8U-01027-00209880-00210063 like to release results while people are
+srYnyPXjt8U-01028-00210064-00210134 still voting
+srYnyPXjt8U-01029-00210135-00210294 because then people are talking about
+srYnyPXjt8U-01030-00210296-00210494 them while people are voting
+srYnyPXjt8U-01031-00210496-00210679 yeah and sometimes people don't vote
+srYnyPXjt8U-01032-00210680-00210823 because they just don't think it's worth
+srYnyPXjt8U-01033-00210823-00210967 voting because they know that
+srYnyPXjt8U-01034-00210967-00211198 yeah there's a lot on the ballot we're
+srYnyPXjt8U-01035-00211200-00211398 not just voting for president uh the
+srYnyPXjt8U-01036-00211400-00211623 ballot contains contests we have a
+srYnyPXjt8U-01037-00211623-00211839 superior court judge on the ballot we
+srYnyPXjt8U-01038-00211840-00212071 got our first district supervisor in a
+srYnyPXjt8U-01039-00212071-00212206 runoff on the ballot
+srYnyPXjt8U-01040-00212207-00212503 all four of our city uh councils have
+srYnyPXjt8U-01041-00212504-00212646 contests on the ballot
+srYnyPXjt8U-01042-00212648-00212927 there's school districts and uh other
+srYnyPXjt8U-01043-00212928-00213646 other districts
+srYnyPXjt8U-01044-00213648-00213871 were created joining an elementary
+srYnyPXjt8U-01045-00213871-00214142 school district and a roma san juan
+srYnyPXjt8U-01046-00214144-00214358 unified school district and then there's
+srYnyPXjt8U-01047-00214359-00214551 all those state propositions
+srYnyPXjt8U-01048-00214552-00214879 that are on the ballot point and
+srYnyPXjt8U-01049-00214880-00215087 um so there's just there's there's a lot
+srYnyPXjt8U-01050-00215088-00215279 of things on the ballot not just the top
+srYnyPXjt8U-01051-00215280-00215431 of the ticket we've got
+srYnyPXjt8U-01052-00215432-00215671 of course state senate state assembly
+srYnyPXjt8U-01053-00215671-00215855 two congressional districts
+srYnyPXjt8U-01054-00215856-00216055 so all there's lots for people to vote
+srYnyPXjt8U-01055-00216056-00216263 on and the good news is voting is not a
+srYnyPXjt8U-01056-00216264-00216319 test
+srYnyPXjt8U-01057-00216319-00216542 you do not have to vote on every single
+srYnyPXjt8U-01058-00216544-00216775 issue in order to have your vote count
+srYnyPXjt8U-01059-00216776-00216967 so you can pick and choose the contest
+srYnyPXjt8U-01060-00216967-00217110 that you know and feel comfortable with
+srYnyPXjt8U-01061-00217111-00217319 voting and you can leave the rest blank
+srYnyPXjt8U-01062-00217319-00217623 um and that works just fine
+srYnyPXjt8U-01063-00217623-00217863 so you've got you've given us a ton of
+srYnyPXjt8U-01064-00217864-00218015 information about voting this is
+srYnyPXjt8U-01065-00218016-00218079 excellent
+srYnyPXjt8U-01066-00218080-00218271 i i appreciate you're giving all this
+srYnyPXjt8U-01067-00218271-00218382 information i'm really impressed that
+srYnyPXjt8U-01068-00218383-00218455 you have this
+srYnyPXjt8U-01069-00218456-00218694 all at the top of your mind is there
+srYnyPXjt8U-01070-00218696-00218815 anything
+srYnyPXjt8U-01071-00218816-00218998 i didn't ask you that you would like to
+srYnyPXjt8U-01072-00219000-00219263 share about about the voting process
+srYnyPXjt8U-01073-00219264-00219455 in santa cruz or anything else people
+srYnyPXjt8U-01074-00219456-00219631 need to know well you know i mean it
+srYnyPXjt8U-01075-00219632-00219855 takes an army to do this we have
+srYnyPXjt8U-01076-00219856-00220167 and i am so very grateful for all of our
+srYnyPXjt8U-01077-00220167-00220398 volunteers and poll workers who have
+srYnyPXjt8U-01078-00220400-00220551 helped us out in the past
+srYnyPXjt8U-01079-00220552-00220855 and will continue to help us out for a
+srYnyPXjt8U-01080-00220856-00221031 lot of our poll workers we're in that
+srYnyPXjt8U-01081-00221032-00221127 vulnerable
+srYnyPXjt8U-01082-00221128-00221319 population that aren't comfortable
+srYnyPXjt8U-01083-00221319-00221463 working and
+srYnyPXjt8U-01084-00221464-00221863 inside the people coming and going
+srYnyPXjt8U-01085-00221864-00222151 so a lot of them are not able to return
+srYnyPXjt8U-01086-00222152-00222191 to
+srYnyPXjt8U-01087-00222192-00222510 to work in this so um
+srYnyPXjt8U-01088-00222511-00222671 we're getting a lot of new people
+srYnyPXjt8U-01089-00222671-00222903 showing up and signing up so we're very
+srYnyPXjt8U-01090-00222904-00223006 grateful for that
+srYnyPXjt8U-01091-00223007-00223303 and we're going to be assigning people
+srYnyPXjt8U-01092-00223304-00223415 two positions
+srYnyPXjt8U-01093-00223416-00223687 later this month in early october and
+srYnyPXjt8U-01094-00223688-00223782 we're going to be doing
+srYnyPXjt8U-01095-00223783-00224023 online poll worker training or election
+srYnyPXjt8U-01096-00224023-00224167 officer training is what we're calling
+srYnyPXjt8U-01097-00224167-00224223 it
+srYnyPXjt8U-01098-00224223-00224503 that's going to occur in mid-october and
+srYnyPXjt8U-01099-00224504-00224646 everyone's going to get trained on
+srYnyPXjt8U-01100-00224648-00224758 exactly what to do
+srYnyPXjt8U-01101-00224759-00224998 at these voting locations so we're also
+srYnyPXjt8U-01102-00225000-00225206 very grateful i mean
+srYnyPXjt8U-01103-00225207-00225542 being part of this county family is a
+srYnyPXjt8U-01104-00225544-00225855 huge um thing that i'm very grateful for
+srYnyPXjt8U-01105-00225856-00226046 because there's so many people
+srYnyPXjt8U-01106-00226048-00226255 in county offices who step up and help
+srYnyPXjt8U-01107-00226256-00226431 us during election time
+srYnyPXjt8U-01108-00226432-00226631 and they're going to be being they're
+srYnyPXjt8U-01109-00226632-00226798 going to be leads out at the voting
+srYnyPXjt8U-01110-00226800-00226998 locations and they're also going to be
+srYnyPXjt8U-01111-00227000-00227279 staffing a voter hotline so we're going
+srYnyPXjt8U-01112-00227280-00227406 to
+srYnyPXjt8U-01113-00227407-00227639 operating uh for the four days uh
+srYnyPXjt8U-01114-00227640-00227751 saturday sunday
+srYnyPXjt8U-01115-00227752-00228079 day of the election time and we're going
+srYnyPXjt8U-01116-00228080-00228231 to have county employees
+srYnyPXjt8U-01117-00228232-00228503 on the phones with access to election
+srYnyPXjt8U-01118-00228504-00228663 information management system
+srYnyPXjt8U-01119-00228664-00228919 being able to answer voter questions
+srYnyPXjt8U-01120-00228919-00229046 about
+srYnyPXjt8U-01121-00229048-00229255 the voting process and how to get their
+srYnyPXjt8U-01122-00229256-00229398 vote counted so um
+srYnyPXjt8U-01123-00229400-00229567 we're really grateful for all the people
+srYnyPXjt8U-01124-00229567-00229703 that are stepping up and
+srYnyPXjt8U-01125-00229704-00229855 you know we've seen a clear indication
+srYnyPXjt8U-01126-00229856-00230055 of this community's meant
+srYnyPXjt8U-01127-00230056-00230382 to serve uh during these horrible fires
+srYnyPXjt8U-01128-00230383-00230510 that we've all had to
+srYnyPXjt8U-01129-00230511-00230823 uh and experience and see and um
+srYnyPXjt8U-01130-00230823-00231046 and how many i mean how we all stepped
+srYnyPXjt8U-01131-00231048-00231334 up in our office of emergency services
+srYnyPXjt8U-01132-00231335-00231406 and our
+srYnyPXjt8U-01133-00231407-00231646 county office and our law enforcement
+srYnyPXjt8U-01134-00231648-00231751 sheriff's office
+srYnyPXjt8U-01135-00231752-00232023 and a general services department our
+srYnyPXjt8U-01136-00232023-00232215 office of emergency services
+srYnyPXjt8U-01137-00232216-00232463 everybody has pulled together to make
+srYnyPXjt8U-01138-00232464-00232558 sure that people have
+srYnyPXjt8U-01139-00232559-00232775 shelter and that they have food and they
+srYnyPXjt8U-01140-00232776-00232871 have water
+srYnyPXjt8U-01141-00232871-00233119 and uh they have information about
+srYnyPXjt8U-01142-00233119-00233303 what's happening so you know
+srYnyPXjt8U-01143-00233304-00233542 really great experience seeing county
+srYnyPXjt8U-01144-00233544-00233679 family pull together
+srYnyPXjt8U-01145-00233680-00233919 in an emergency to make it happen and
+srYnyPXjt8U-01146-00233919-00233998 and they'll do it
+srYnyPXjt8U-01147-00234000-00234239 for elections too they they show up
+srYnyPXjt8U-01148-00234240-00234406 they're there they're they're there to
+srYnyPXjt8U-01149-00234407-00234534 make sure that
+srYnyPXjt8U-01150-00234535-00234798 that this happens and they uh and that
+srYnyPXjt8U-01151-00234800-00235119 people have a good voting experience
+srYnyPXjt8U-01152-00235119-00235342 well county clerk gail pellerin thank
+srYnyPXjt8U-01153-00235344-00235542 you so much for spending this time with
+srYnyPXjt8U-01154-00235544-00235567 us
+srYnyPXjt8U-01155-00235567-00235839 and sharing your vast knowledge about
+srYnyPXjt8U-01156-00235840-00236039 how voting will work for us this year in
+srYnyPXjt8U-01157-00236040-00236310 a pandemic with a wildfire on the side
+srYnyPXjt8U-01158-00236311-00236615 we appreciate it lots going on
+srYnyPXjt8U-01159-00236616-00236823 thank you and people can call or email
+srYnyPXjt8U-01160-00236823-00237015 if they have any questions
+srYnyPXjt8U-01161-00237016-00237271 okay thank you very much and thank you
+srYnyPXjt8U-01162-00237271-00237334 as well
+srYnyPXjt8U-01163-00237335-00237582 i hope you enjoyed this informational
+srYnyPXjt8U-01164-00237583-00237655 interview
+srYnyPXjt8U-01165-00237656-00238082 with county clerk gail pellerin good
+srYnyPXjt8U-01166-00238083-00238203 night
+srYnyPXjt8U-01167-00238204-00238934 [Music]
+srYnyPXjt8U-01168-00238935-00239144 you
+sszSNtGJl70-00000-00000030-00001028 [Music]
+sszSNtGJl70-00001-00001029-00001522 [Applause]
+sszSNtGJl70-00002-00001523-00001817 we have already looked at energy
+sszSNtGJl70-00003-00001818-00002259 resources and we saw that we have stocks
+sszSNtGJl70-00004-00002260-00002776 fossil fuels and we have slows renewable
+sszSNtGJl70-00005-00002777-00002981 energy we saw that there is sufficient
+sszSNtGJl70-00006-00002982-00003229 renewable energy to meet our requirement
+sszSNtGJl70-00007-00003230-00003554 now the question is we have sufficient
+sszSNtGJl70-00008-00003554-00003743 to renewable energy to meet our
+sszSNtGJl70-00009-00003744-00003953 requirement but each of these renewable
+sszSNtGJl70-00010-00003954-00004454 energy sources needs technologies those
+sszSNtGJl70-00011-00004455-00004702 technologies need materials do we have
+sszSNtGJl70-00012-00004703-00004967 enough materials to meet the energy
+sszSNtGJl70-00013-00004968-00005363 requirements or will we will end up in a
+sszSNtGJl70-00014-00005364-00005609 problem related to materials so the
+sszSNtGJl70-00015-00005610-00005809 questions that we would the issues that
+sszSNtGJl70-00016-00005810-00006095 we would like to address one is will we
+sszSNtGJl70-00017-00006096-00006439 ran out of materials can we create a
+sszSNtGJl70-00018-00006440-00006871 closed-loop material system which
+sszSNtGJl70-00019-00006872-00007037 renewable energy materials will be
+sszSNtGJl70-00020-00007038-00007226 constrained and what will be the impact
+sszSNtGJl70-00021-00007227-00007414 we are not going to completely answer
+sszSNtGJl70-00022-00007415-00007635 all these questions but we will look at
+sszSNtGJl70-00023-00007636-00007945 the way in which we can analyze this and
+sszSNtGJl70-00024-00007947-00008177 what are the typical types of materials
+sszSNtGJl70-00025-00008178-00008426 and how they are looking at it so if we
+sszSNtGJl70-00026-00008427-00009181 look at the materials we find that of
+sszSNtGJl70-00027-00009182-00009587 the the significant amount of our co2
+sszSNtGJl70-00028-00009588-00010049 emissions are accounted for by some of
+sszSNtGJl70-00029-00010050-00010334 the most energy intensive and carbon
+sszSNtGJl70-00030-00010335-00010517 intensive materials if you look at
+sszSNtGJl70-00031-00010518-00010862 materials we are looking at steel we
+sszSNtGJl70-00032-00010863-00011180 look at cement we look at aluminum paper
+sszSNtGJl70-00033-00011181-00011555 plastics and these accounts for the
+sszSNtGJl70-00034-00011556-00011891 largest chunk of the carbon emissions
+sszSNtGJl70-00035-00011892-00012178 it's about 10 Giga tons of co2 out of
+sszSNtGJl70-00036-00012179-00012491 the total of 28 Giga tons of co2 in a
+sszSNtGJl70-00037-00012492-00012871 particular year I think it's 2008 and
+sszSNtGJl70-00038-00012872-00013166 this is from the paper by
+sszSNtGJl70-00039-00013166-00013444 would you can look at this paper for
+sszSNtGJl70-00040-00013445-00013885 more details so if we look at the
+sszSNtGJl70-00041-00013886-00014288 periodic table which I'm sure all of you
+sszSNtGJl70-00042-00014288-00014494 are familiar with you have surreal it at
+sszSNtGJl70-00043-00014495-00014696 some point of time either in your school
+sszSNtGJl70-00044-00014697-00015001 or your college and you can see that
+sszSNtGJl70-00045-00015002-00015379 there are several of these materials
+sszSNtGJl70-00046-00015380-00015680 including some of these rare earths and
+sszSNtGJl70-00047-00015681-00015878 some of now these materials which are
+sszSNtGJl70-00048-00015879-00016199 being becoming important for batteries
+sszSNtGJl70-00049-00016200-00016466 for storage for photovoltaics you have
+sszSNtGJl70-00050-00016467-00016685 this whole set of materials which are
+sszSNtGJl70-00051-00016686-00016894 coming in for the photovoltaics for the
+sszSNtGJl70-00052-00016895-00017147 lead-acid batteries cadmium telluride
+sszSNtGJl70-00053-00017148-00017544 then you have the other chromium nickel
+sszSNtGJl70-00054-00017545-00017846 cobalt and you have lithium then you
+sszSNtGJl70-00055-00017847-00018172 have these materials which are used for
+sszSNtGJl70-00056-00018173-00018500 hydrogen storage and many of these
+sszSNtGJl70-00057-00018501-00019100 materials involved are located in some
+sszSNtGJl70-00058-00019101-00019652 regions and in a few countries and they
+sszSNtGJl70-00059-00019653-00019919 also involve significant amount of
+sszSNtGJl70-00060-00019920-00020321 energy use in their extraction so when
+sszSNtGJl70-00061-00020322-00020584 we look at materials we can think in
+sszSNtGJl70-00062-00020585-00020831 terms of material efficiency and this is
+sszSNtGJl70-00063-00020832-00021106 from the paper by all word we can try
+sszSNtGJl70-00064-00021107-00021444 and design so that we use less materials
+sszSNtGJl70-00065-00021445-00021641 so we can this is called
+sszSNtGJl70-00066-00021642-00021902 dematerialization you know look at your
+sszSNtGJl70-00067-00021903-00022306 cell phone or look at a motor see how
+sszSNtGJl70-00068-00022307-00022664 much steel and how much metal is going
+sszSNtGJl70-00069-00022665-00022880 into it see if you can have the same
+sszSNtGJl70-00070-00022881-00023267 functionality using less metal we can
+sszSNtGJl70-00071-00023268-00023822 also replace the substitute energy
+sszSNtGJl70-00072-00023823-00024113 intensive materials by less energy
+sszSNtGJl70-00073-00024114-00024428 intensive materials materials that are
+sszSNtGJl70-00074-00024429-00024697 less carbon intensity so this is that is
+sszSNtGJl70-00075-00024698-00024997 we can do dematerialization we can do
+sszSNtGJl70-00076-00024998-00025199 light weighting and now with
+sszSNtGJl70-00077-00025200-00025404 nanotechnology we have the
+sszSNtGJl70-00078-00025405-00025641 advantage that we can actually have
+sszSNtGJl70-00079-00025642-00025824 designer materials which have the
+sszSNtGJl70-00080-00025825-00026001 properties that we require for instance
+sszSNtGJl70-00081-00026002-00026166 it's been told that you know if you look
+sszSNtGJl70-00082-00026167-00026333 at the Eiffel Tower and you look at the
+sszSNtGJl70-00083-00026335-00026652 weight of that Eiffel Tower today if you
+sszSNtGJl70-00084-00026652-00027520 have designer steel know with nano
+sszSNtGJl70-00085-00027522-00027942 composites and a engineered steel you
+sszSNtGJl70-00086-00027943-00028176 can actually we could reduce the
+sszSNtGJl70-00087-00028177-00028404 quantity of steel that is required with
+sszSNtGJl70-00088-00028405-00028767 the same strength and we can get a much
+sszSNtGJl70-00089-00028768-00029027 more lightweight Eiffel Tower but using
+sszSNtGJl70-00090-00029029-00029469 less materials in general when we look
+sszSNtGJl70-00091-00029470-00029777 at the production of a materials we can
+sszSNtGJl70-00092-00029779-00030102 look at the production going to the and
+sszSNtGJl70-00093-00030102-00030402 you have the at each stage of the
+sszSNtGJl70-00094-00030402-00030591 production there would be some scrap we
+sszSNtGJl70-00095-00030592-00031077 can recycle that scrap that when we look
+sszSNtGJl70-00096-00031077-00031305 at the demand and then the after the
+sszSNtGJl70-00097-00031306-00031589 post demand when it is used which can be
+sszSNtGJl70-00098-00031591-00031842 recycled and some part of it so we can
+sszSNtGJl70-00099-00031843-00032343 try to see if we can have this entire
+sszSNtGJl70-00100-00032344-00032846 thing as entire loop as a loop which is
+sszSNtGJl70-00101-00032847-00033192 closed and we use relatively less
+sszSNtGJl70-00102-00033193-00033597 amounts of virgin material and we can
+sszSNtGJl70-00103-00033598-00033795 try and recycle at each of these stages
+sszSNtGJl70-00104-00033796-00034086 if we look at the global material use
+sszSNtGJl70-00105-00034087-00034272 you will see that energy intensive
+sszSNtGJl70-00106-00034273-00034572 materials account for about 50% of the
+sszSNtGJl70-00107-00034573-00034809 industrial energy use cement steel paper
+sszSNtGJl70-00108-00034810-00035181 chemicals fertilizers and also the
+sszSNtGJl70-00109-00035182-00035439 interesting thing is that most of these
+sszSNtGJl70-00110-00035440-00035799 now the these materials are being
+sszSNtGJl70-00111-00035800-00036009 consumed by the developing countries
+sszSNtGJl70-00112-00036010-00036162 there are much higher growth rates in
+sszSNtGJl70-00113-00036163-00036462 the developing countries we have if we
+sszSNtGJl70-00114-00036463-00036714 look at any of these materials we can
+sszSNtGJl70-00115-00036715-00037557 plot if you look at let's say steel
+sszSNtGJl70-00116-00037558-00038439 use per person and we look at the status
+sszSNtGJl70-00117-00038440-00038661 of the country in terms of GDP per
+sszSNtGJl70-00118-00038662-00039500 capita of GDP per person you find that
+sszSNtGJl70-00119-00039501-00039972 this increases with income to a point
+sszSNtGJl70-00120-00039973-00040251 where it stabilizes and then maybe
+sszSNtGJl70-00121-00040252-00040551 declines this is something like the this
+sszSNtGJl70-00122-00040552-00041694 is called the whose nets so most of the
+sszSNtGJl70-00123-00041695-00041838 developing countries are at this stage
+sszSNtGJl70-00124-00041839-00042078 where there is this growth developed
+sszSNtGJl70-00125-00042079-00042255 countries have already gone where you
+sszSNtGJl70-00126-00042256-00042639 have already produced all the steel you
+sszSNtGJl70-00127-00042640-00042843 have your infrastructure is already
+sszSNtGJl70-00128-00042844-00043188 created you have the number of cars and
+sszSNtGJl70-00129-00043189-00043350 the kind of things which is there and
+sszSNtGJl70-00130-00043351-00043635 then the number of it starts declining
+sszSNtGJl70-00131-00043636-00043899 and so that's that's the kind of thing
+sszSNtGJl70-00132-00043900-00044328 and I just show you some of this trends
+sszSNtGJl70-00133-00044329-00044562 so if you look at steel you see
+sszSNtGJl70-00134-00044563-00044763 different countries North America Europe
+sszSNtGJl70-00135-00044764-00045048 you can see China and India over here
+sszSNtGJl70-00136-00045049-00045285 and you can see that this is
+sszSNtGJl70-00137-00045286-00045654 corresponding to something like you we
+sszSNtGJl70-00138-00045655-00045903 go to a stagnation level which is of the
+sszSNtGJl70-00139-00045904-00046170 order of about 450 kgs per person for
+sszSNtGJl70-00140-00046171-00046389 you so it's an apparent consumption as a
+sszSNtGJl70-00141-00046390-00046596 function of income high growth rates for
+sszSNtGJl70-00142-00046597-00046755 developing countries and it goes to
+sszSNtGJl70-00143-00046756-00046989 saturation there's an implications on
+sszSNtGJl70-00144-00046990-00047322 the global energy use this similar thing
+sszSNtGJl70-00145-00047323-00047637 you can see for instance for cement you
+sszSNtGJl70-00146-00047638-00047844 can look at the kind of different
+sszSNtGJl70-00147-00047845-00048093 different levels at which you have these
+sszSNtGJl70-00148-00048094-00048276 developing countries which are growing
+sszSNtGJl70-00149-00048277-00048602 in these cases it's more or less
+sszSNtGJl70-00150-00048603-00048825 saturating of course it's saturating at
+sszSNtGJl70-00151-00048826-00049242 different kinds of levels and this is
+sszSNtGJl70-00152-00049243-00049554 sort of global demand normalized you can
+sszSNtGJl70-00153-00049555-00049919 see that there is an overall growth the
+sszSNtGJl70-00154-00049920-00050418 HP has come up with this this scientist
+sszSNtGJl70-00155-00050419-00050565 in
+sszSNtGJl70-00156-00050566-00050986 UK has created these kind of design
+sszSNtGJl70-00157-00050987-00051145 plots and these design plots are
+sszSNtGJl70-00158-00051146-00051379 extremely interesting in terms of when
+sszSNtGJl70-00159-00051379-00051574 you look at a particular characteristic
+sszSNtGJl70-00160-00051575-00051852 for instance you look at the young's
+sszSNtGJl70-00161-00051853-00052069 modulus energy per meter cube and if
+sszSNtGJl70-00162-00052070-00052407 that is the requirement which is for a
+sszSNtGJl70-00163-00052408-00052591 particular application and we are
+sszSNtGJl70-00164-00052591-00053037 choosing between the metals polymers
+sszSNtGJl70-00165-00053038-00053376 ceramics and you have the embodied
+sszSNtGJl70-00166-00053377-00053538 energy which is the total energy
+sszSNtGJl70-00167-00053539-00053998 required to create that material and to
+sszSNtGJl70-00168-00053999-00054466 extract it and to make it available from
+sszSNtGJl70-00169-00054466-00054904 nature per cubic meter so based on this
+sszSNtGJl70-00170-00054904-00055228 we can use with this we can decide
+sszSNtGJl70-00171-00055229-00055467 between different materials and see what
+sszSNtGJl70-00172-00055469-00055651 is the implication when we are making a
+sszSNtGJl70-00173-00055652-00055888 particular choice in terms of what is
+sszSNtGJl70-00174-00055889-00056094 the amount of energy that is being used
+sszSNtGJl70-00175-00056095-00056394 so this could be used and we have
+sszSNtGJl70-00176-00056395-00056676 similar kinds of plots the giving the
+sszSNtGJl70-00177-00056677-00057148 carbon intensity of these this is
+sszSNtGJl70-00178-00057149-00057361 another plot which is talking about the
+sszSNtGJl70-00179-00057362-00057628 strength and the strength in terms and
+sszSNtGJl70-00180-00057629-00057831 the embodied energy so these these are
+sszSNtGJl70-00181-00057832-00058080 interesting design aids which can be
+sszSNtGJl70-00182-00058082-00058396 used for us to choose less energy
+sszSNtGJl70-00183-00058397-00058632 intensive materials and less carbon
+sszSNtGJl70-00184-00058633-00058813 intensive materials for a particular
+sszSNtGJl70-00185-00058814-00059532 application and so you know they we will
+sszSNtGJl70-00186-00059533-00059841 when we talk about embodied energy and
+sszSNtGJl70-00187-00059842-00060010 we do the life cycle we will look at
+sszSNtGJl70-00188-00060011-00060324 this a little more in detail but one can
+sszSNtGJl70-00189-00060325-00060606 look at different types of elements and
+sszSNtGJl70-00190-00060607-00060874 see what kind of energy is embodied and
+sszSNtGJl70-00191-00060875-00061294 what kind of efficiency is there so in
+sszSNtGJl70-00192-00061295-00061525 general what has happened is that one
+sszSNtGJl70-00193-00061526-00062116 expects that with materials as we as the
+sszSNtGJl70-00194-00062116-00062391 demand increases and if the in most of
+sszSNtGJl70-00195-00062392-00062611 the materials we are looking at a finite
+sszSNtGJl70-00196-00062612-00062901 stock so these are stocks but then there
+sszSNtGJl70-00197-00062902-00063081 are possibilities of substitutes and
+sszSNtGJl70-00198-00063082-00063364 with technology improvement it's
+sszSNtGJl70-00199-00063365-00063621 possible that we can have
+sszSNtGJl70-00200-00063622-00063912 less use of the material but in general
+sszSNtGJl70-00201-00063913-00064377 what one expects is that materials will
+sszSNtGJl70-00202-00064378-00064580 we will run out of materials and so
+sszSNtGJl70-00203-00064582-00064938 there was this debate and you can see
+sszSNtGJl70-00204-00064939-00065316 this there is a very interesting bet
+sszSNtGJl70-00205-00065316-00065556 which was there in literature and you
+sszSNtGJl70-00206-00065557-00065901 can see in science in nineteen there's a
+sszSNtGJl70-00207-00065902-00066152 journal with article published by
+sszSNtGJl70-00208-00066153-00066681 professor Julian Simon in 1980 and he
+sszSNtGJl70-00209-00066682-00067032 basically felt that planet's resources
+sszSNtGJl70-00210-00067033-00067602 are not finite there has been ecologists
+sszSNtGJl70-00211-00067603-00067821 and environmentalists were saying that
+sszSNtGJl70-00212-00067822-00068085 we need to look at materials getting
+sszSNtGJl70-00213-00068086-00068388 over we need to look at the resources
+sszSNtGJl70-00214-00068389-00068676 and he said that planet resources are
+sszSNtGJl70-00215-00068677-00068964 actually not finite they're on the other
+sszSNtGJl70-00216-00068965-00069422 side of the BET word Malthusians paul le
+sszSNtGJl70-00217-00069423-00069891 john hart and john holdren and they have
+sszSNtGJl70-00218-00069892-00070137 been saying that the we have one world
+sszSNtGJl70-00219-00070138-00070467 one earth and finite resources and we
+sszSNtGJl70-00220-00070468-00070724 need to conserve and use our resources
+sszSNtGJl70-00221-00070725-00071199 efficiently so simon challenged through
+sszSNtGJl70-00222-00071200-00071442 an open challenge saying that if the
+sszSNtGJl70-00223-00071443-00071664 scarcity is due to population growths
+sszSNtGJl70-00224-00071665-00072047 and the prices of all natural resources
+sszSNtGJl70-00225-00072048-00072384 grain oil timber metal should rise at
+sszSNtGJl70-00226-00072385-00072885 any future date date and he said that he
+sszSNtGJl70-00227-00072886-00073101 is willing to bet anyone because he
+sszSNtGJl70-00228-00073102-00073593 believes that technology and human
+sszSNtGJl70-00229-00073594-00074105 innovation is such that there is no risk
+sszSNtGJl70-00230-00074106-00074405 scarcity caused by human
+sszSNtGJl70-00231-00074406-00074813 efforts and he he said that he was
+sszSNtGJl70-00232-00074814-00075015 willing to bet anyone that prices would
+sszSNtGJl70-00233-00075016-00075360 decline at any future date and he made
+sszSNtGJl70-00234-00075361-00075630 an offer that any natural resources can
+sszSNtGJl70-00235-00075631-00075975 be picked and any future date so we when
+sszSNtGJl70-00236-00075976-00076428 this challenge was issued the Polly Lake
+sszSNtGJl70-00237-00076429-00077081 and John Hart and John Holdren took up
+sszSNtGJl70-00238-00077082-00077462 the challenge Alec John Holdren John
+sszSNtGJl70-00239-00077463-00077649 Hart accepted the challenge in October
+sszSNtGJl70-00240-00077650-00077898 1980 and they chose the following
+sszSNtGJl70-00241-00077899-00078306 materials chrome copper nickel tin and
+sszSNtGJl70-00242-00078307-00078624 tungsten and they better token amount of
+sszSNtGJl70-00243-00078625-00079106 $200 each at 1980 prices on these five
+sszSNtGJl70-00244-00079107-00079509 so a total of $1000 and the idea was
+sszSNtGJl70-00245-00079510-00079862 that in 1980 at thousand dollars they
+sszSNtGJl70-00246-00079863-00080112 bought a certain amount of this and the
+sszSNtGJl70-00247-00080113-00080391 idea was that the future date of 1990
+sszSNtGJl70-00248-00080392-00080634 was picked and it was said that whether
+sszSNtGJl70-00249-00080635-00080988 these would the value would be more than
+sszSNtGJl70-00250-00080989-00081251 thousand dollars or less than thousand
+sszSNtGJl70-00251-00081252-00081534 dollars if this was more than thousand
+sszSNtGJl70-00252-00081535-00081917 dollars then Simon lost the bet and
+sszSNtGJl70-00253-00081918-00082374 Simon has to pay that difference to them
+sszSNtGJl70-00254-00082375-00082682 if the prices actually declined if it
+sszSNtGJl70-00255-00082683-00082830 was less than thousand dollars they have
+sszSNtGJl70-00256-00082831-00083025 lost the bet and they have to pay Simon
+sszSNtGJl70-00257-00083026-00083430 so what do you think happened in this
+sszSNtGJl70-00258-00083431-00083781 particular case actually Alec John
+sszSNtGJl70-00259-00083782-00084026 Holdren and John Hart actually lost the
+sszSNtGJl70-00260-00084027-00084324 bet and you can see this this is these
+sszSNtGJl70-00261-00084325-00084588 are the commodities which the which were
+sszSNtGJl70-00262-00084589-00084827 mentioned
+sszSNtGJl70-00263-00084828-00085346 you can see that this was the in the
+sszSNtGJl70-00264-00085347-00085720 nineteen eighty and when you look at
+sszSNtGJl70-00265-00085721-00086042 nineteen ninety you find that actually
+sszSNtGJl70-00266-00086043-00086233 the prices went down
+sszSNtGJl70-00267-00086234-00086789 so essentially what happened is that you
+sszSNtGJl70-00268-00086790-00087056 can see that this is this is what
+sszSNtGJl70-00269-00087057-00087469 happened in nineteen eighty this is the
+sszSNtGJl70-00270-00087470-00087878 situation in nineteen ninety and so with
+sszSNtGJl70-00271-00087879-00088253 the result that they the this of course
+sszSNtGJl70-00272-00088254-00088460 didn't prove it conclusively because
+sszSNtGJl70-00273-00088461-00088718 this goes through ups and downs and
+sszSNtGJl70-00274-00088719-00088973 there was an economist article recently
+sszSNtGJl70-00275-00088974-00089231 which said that it just so happened that
+sszSNtGJl70-00276-00089232-00089516 he was unlucky to the years if it had
+sszSNtGJl70-00277-00089517-00089750 been some other years then this would be
+sszSNtGJl70-00278-00089751-00090029 the kind of situation but the factory
+sszSNtGJl70-00279-00090030-00090389 means that overall there are two trends
+sszSNtGJl70-00280-00090390-00090572 which are there one is that there is a
+sszSNtGJl70-00281-00090573-00090817 problem in terms of scarcity but also
+sszSNtGJl70-00282-00090818-00091135 with technological innovation and
+sszSNtGJl70-00283-00091136-00091532 volumes the cost reductions are there so
+sszSNtGJl70-00284-00091533-00091760 over a long time period we have seen
+sszSNtGJl70-00285-00091761-00091985 very significant reductions in costs of
+sszSNtGJl70-00286-00091986-00092264 materials so you can see for instance if
+sszSNtGJl70-00287-00092265-00092447 you look at copper real price of copper
+sszSNtGJl70-00288-00092448-00092804 has been going down and so it's not it
+sszSNtGJl70-00289-00092805-00092993 is not clear there is an issue of
+sszSNtGJl70-00290-00092994-00093269 scarcity but there is also an innovation
+sszSNtGJl70-00291-00093270-00093557 and possibility of technological
+sszSNtGJl70-00292-00093558-00093758 improvements and so when we talk in
+sszSNtGJl70-00293-00093759-00093971 terms of materials we have to be aware
+sszSNtGJl70-00294-00093972-00094202 of scarcity in the short term but it's
+sszSNtGJl70-00295-00094203-00094508 not it is not completely apparent that
+sszSNtGJl70-00296-00094509-00094858 this will necessarily result in
+sszSNtGJl70-00297-00094859-00095030 extremely high prices
+sszSNtGJl70-00298-00095031-00095258 there could be backstop technologies and
+sszSNtGJl70-00299-00095259-00095516 other options which are available so for
+sszSNtGJl70-00300-00095517-00095762 all of these materials we can use the
+sszSNtGJl70-00301-00095763-00096118 same static R by P ratio or we can use
+sszSNtGJl70-00302-00096119-00096347 something like the Hobart scurb if you
+sszSNtGJl70-00303-00096348-00096650 want to estimate time periods in many of
+sszSNtGJl70-00304-00096651-00096881 these cases these are all these price
+sszSNtGJl70-00305-00096882-00097394 trends in many of the cases if you see
+sszSNtGJl70-00306-00097395-00097942 we can actually look at what kind of
+sszSNtGJl70-00307-00097943-00098186 what is the distribution of these
+sszSNtGJl70-00308-00098187-00098557 materials so sometimes regionally some
+sszSNtGJl70-00309-00098558-00098744 countries have for instance if we look
+sszSNtGJl70-00310-00098745-00098954 at lithium it's only available in a few
+sszSNtGJl70-00311-00098955-00099167 countries of the world and so the
+sszSNtGJl70-00312-00099168-00099382 control of these materials and this
+sszSNtGJl70-00313-00099383-00099850 could involve getting an advantage and
+sszSNtGJl70-00314-00099851-00100028 then they're taken industry and the
+sszSNtGJl70-00315-00100029-00100247 development may be affected by it so we
+sszSNtGJl70-00316-00100248-00100535 may need to look at substitutes so with
+sszSNtGJl70-00317-00100536-00100949 this we have seen we've got a quick
+sszSNtGJl70-00318-00100950-00101312 introduction of the kind of materials
+sszSNtGJl70-00319-00101313-00101546 that are used for the energy sector we
+sszSNtGJl70-00320-00101547-00101825 looked at over with development that
+sszSNtGJl70-00321-00101826-00102163 material use per capita will increase
+sszSNtGJl70-00322-00102164-00102521 and then saturate and maybe then decline
+sszSNtGJl70-00323-00102522-00102757 and then there could be possibilities in
+sszSNtGJl70-00324-00102758-00102991 terms of substitution by more
+sszSNtGJl70-00325-00102992-00103165 energy-efficient and low carbon
+sszSNtGJl70-00326-00103166-00103456 materials and then we can
+sszSNtGJl70-00327-00103457-00103728 look at it it's not essential that
+sszSNtGJl70-00328-00103729-00104092 scarcity of materials always results in
+sszSNtGJl70-00329-00104093-00104389 increase of price historical trends show
+sszSNtGJl70-00330-00104390-00104611 that there is also a scope for
+sszSNtGJl70-00331-00104613-00104888 innovation and and technology
+sszSNtGJl70-00332-00104889-00105088 improvements where prices may actually
+sszSNtGJl70-00333-00105089-00105707 decline with time with this week-end a
+sszSNtGJl70-00334-00105708-00105938 portion on materials for those who are
+sszSNtGJl70-00335-00105939-00106189 interested there are more details in
+sszSNtGJl70-00336-00106190-00106373 some of these papers you can look at the
+sszSNtGJl70-00337-00106374-00106816 pair the da you can look at the papers
+sszSNtGJl70-00338-00106817-00107144 by all wood and about the bet you can
+sszSNtGJl70-00339-00107145-00107408 look at John Tierney's original article
+sszSNtGJl70-00340-00107408-00107704 in New York Times which gives you about
+sszSNtGJl70-00341-00107705-00107983 the betting on the planet in the next
+sszSNtGJl70-00342-00107984-00108259 session we will start with looking at
+sszSNtGJl70-00343-00108260-00108562 the historical way of the mine managers
+sszSNtGJl70-00344-00108563-00108899 problem if you own a mine how much of
+sszSNtGJl70-00345-00108900-00109199 that mine should you allow to be used
+sszSNtGJl70-00346-00109200-00109568 every year and we will cast this as an
+sszSNtGJl70-00347-00109569-00109931 optimization problem and see how a
+sszSNtGJl70-00348-00109932-00110294 resource our coal coal or oil or gas how
+sszSNtGJl70-00349-00110295-00110512 it should be mined and distributed over
+sszSNtGJl70-00350-00110513-00110908 future generations
+sszSNtGJl70-00351-00110909-00112421 [Music]
+sszSNtGJl70-00352-00112422-00112754 [Applause]
+sszSNtGJl70-00353-00112755-00112907 [Music]
+sszSNtGJl70-00354-00112908-00113866 [Applause]
+sszSNtGJl70-00355-00113867-00114651 [Applause]
+ssMg59jFCP4-00000-00000077-00000751 banana book dotnet Samsung tutorials now
+ssMg59jFCP4-00001-00000752-00001145 let us see how to add items on the home
+ssMg59jFCP4-00002-00001146-00002297 screen tap app launcher tap and hold an
+ssMg59jFCP4-00003-00002298-00003989 app icon drag it to the home screen to
+ssMg59jFCP4-00004-00003990-00004250 add widgets tap and hold an empty area
+ssMg59jFCP4-00005-00004251-00005684 on the home screen tap widgets tap and
+ssMg59jFCP4-00006-00005685-00005847 hold a widget
+ssMg59jFCP4-00007-00005848-00006092 [Music]
+ssMg59jFCP4-00008-00006093-00006331 drag it to the homescreen
+ssMg59jFCP4-00009-00006332-00007403 [Music]
+ssMg59jFCP4-00010-00007404-00007991 tap Done
+ssMg59jFCP4-00011-00007992-00008267 hola you are done
+ssMg59jFCP4-00012-00008268-00008709 [Music]
+stp0znf0lcE-00000-00000648-00000831 good evening audience
+stp0znf0lcE-00001-00000832-00001207 this is your classmate robert morell
+stp0znf0lcE-00002-00001208-00001447 and i want to talk about a subject near
+stp0znf0lcE-00003-00001448-00001655 and dear to my heart
+stp0znf0lcE-00004-00001655-00001910 have you ever gone to your
+stp0znf0lcE-00005-00001911-00002079 dresser drawer
+stp0znf0lcE-00006-00002080-00002295 and open your dresser drawer and say man
+stp0znf0lcE-00007-00002296-00002463 this drawer is a wreck
+stp0znf0lcE-00008-00002464-00002687 just look at those t-shirts they're a
+stp0znf0lcE-00009-00002688-00003031 mess they're all over the place well
+stp0znf0lcE-00010-00003032-00003175 tonight
+stp0znf0lcE-00011-00003176-00003399 i will show you how to roll the t-shirt
+stp0znf0lcE-00012-00003400-00003711 army style
+stp0znf0lcE-00013-00003711-00003983 the reason i chose this subject
+stp0znf0lcE-00014-00003984-00004143 is because
+stp0znf0lcE-00015-00004144-00004351 in the army they believe in everything
+stp0znf0lcE-00016-00004352-00004599 being nice and neat
+stp0znf0lcE-00017-00004600-00004838 to the point to where it's just anal
+stp0znf0lcE-00018-00004839-00005191 retentive
+stp0znf0lcE-00019-00005192-00005463 so without further ado
+stp0znf0lcE-00020-00005464-00005622 let's i'm going to give you a
+stp0znf0lcE-00021-00005623-00005911 step-by-step instruction on how to make
+stp0znf0lcE-00022-00005912-00006143 your clothes drawer neater
+stp0znf0lcE-00023-00006144-00006295 how to make your t-shirts look
+stp0znf0lcE-00024-00006296-00006431 presentable
+stp0znf0lcE-00025-00006431-00006550 and also
+stp0znf0lcE-00026-00006551-00006775 how to help you find a t-shirt when you
+stp0znf0lcE-00027-00006776-00007039 need one
+stp0znf0lcE-00028-00007040-00007495 i'm gonna demonstrate this process
+stp0znf0lcE-00029-00007495-00007670 now we know that t-shirts come in
+stp0znf0lcE-00030-00007672-00007870 different lengths we have long sleeve
+stp0znf0lcE-00031-00007872-00008174 t-shirts and short sleeve t-shirts
+stp0znf0lcE-00032-00008175-00008439 tonight i chose a short sleeve t-shirt
+stp0znf0lcE-00033-00008440-00008878 since it is way easier
+stp0znf0lcE-00034-00008879-00009103 so for my first step
+stp0znf0lcE-00035-00009104-00009399 i'm going to take this t-shirt
+stp0znf0lcE-00036-00009400-00009599 y'all can see it's got the army logo on
+stp0znf0lcE-00037-00009600-00009735 it
+stp0znf0lcE-00038-00009736-00010127 so the first thing that you want to do
+stp0znf0lcE-00039-00010128-00010391 is grab it right here where the collar
+stp0znf0lcE-00040-00010392-00010567 is
+stp0znf0lcE-00041-00010568-00011055 make sure it's nice and neat
+stp0znf0lcE-00042-00011056-00011199 next step that you want to do is you
+stp0znf0lcE-00043-00011200-00011663 want to take it and fold it like this
+stp0znf0lcE-00044-00011664-00011831 y'all guys really need to be paying
+stp0znf0lcE-00045-00011832-00011999 attention to this
+stp0znf0lcE-00046-00012000-00012263 men have a tendency to have a wrecked
+stp0znf0lcE-00047-00012264-00012503 dresser drawer
+stp0znf0lcE-00048-00012504-00012807 and our ladies or wives can't stand it
+stp0znf0lcE-00049-00012808-00013183 so make sure y'all paying attention
+stp0znf0lcE-00050-00013184-00013422 fold it in half like this see i'm going
+stp0znf0lcE-00051-00013423-00013575 to grab
+stp0znf0lcE-00052-00013576-00013727 the sleeve and i'm going to make sure
+stp0znf0lcE-00053-00013728-00014022 that they lined up like this
+stp0znf0lcE-00054-00014023-00014255 it's imperative that you get this
+stp0znf0lcE-00055-00014256-00014438 straight because
+stp0znf0lcE-00056-00014440-00014719 if you don't get this part straight
+stp0znf0lcE-00057-00014719-00014879 your t-shirt will be wrecked you can see
+stp0znf0lcE-00058-00014880-00014975 that it's
+stp0znf0lcE-00059-00014976-00015127 uneven right here so what i'm going to
+stp0znf0lcE-00060-00015128-00015407 do is pull it to where it's suggested
+stp0znf0lcE-00061-00015408-00015871 correctly
+stp0znf0lcE-00062-00015872-00016055 this is a technique i learned while i
+stp0znf0lcE-00063-00016056-00016263 was at basic training because like i
+stp0znf0lcE-00064-00016263-00016503 said in the beginning that our
+stp0znf0lcE-00065-00016504-00016671 dresser drawers had to look a certain
+stp0znf0lcE-00066-00016672-00016839 way because we have
+stp0znf0lcE-00067-00016840-00017022 a lot of clothes that we have to put in
+stp0znf0lcE-00068-00017023-00017271 small spaces so as i continue to
+stp0znf0lcE-00069-00017272-00017983 straighten this shirt out right here
+stp0znf0lcE-00070-00017984-00018175 see how neat that is
+stp0znf0lcE-00071-00018176-00018422 that's not perfect but it's enough to
+stp0znf0lcE-00072-00018423-00018591 get you started
+stp0znf0lcE-00073-00018592-00018847 and as you fold it make sure it's even
+stp0znf0lcE-00074-00018848-00019239 then you take
+stp0znf0lcE-00075-00019240-00019455 the sleeves and you fold it towards the
+stp0znf0lcE-00076-00019456-00019614 neckline
+stp0znf0lcE-00077-00019615-00019999 just like this
+stp0znf0lcE-00078-00020000-00020230 i can remember sometimes our drill
+stp0znf0lcE-00079-00020231-00020350 sergeant would come in the room and
+stp0znf0lcE-00080-00020351-00020535 inspect our drawers and he would
+stp0znf0lcE-00081-00020536-00020727 actually
+stp0znf0lcE-00082-00020728-00020919 check out our shirts to see if they were
+stp0znf0lcE-00083-00020920-00021150 folded at this length
+stp0znf0lcE-00084-00021151-00021375 next step you want to do
+stp0znf0lcE-00085-00021376-00021663 is you want to fold it one more time
+stp0znf0lcE-00086-00021664-00022014 just like this
+stp0znf0lcE-00087-00022015-00022222 and as you're folding it make sure that
+stp0znf0lcE-00088-00022223-00022607 it's nice and neat
+stp0znf0lcE-00089-00022608-00022799 and what i like to do when i fold my
+stp0znf0lcE-00090-00022800-00023039 t-shirts is i like to smooth them out
+stp0znf0lcE-00091-00023040-00023343 like this
+stp0znf0lcE-00092-00023344-00023614 and as you start at the top
+stp0znf0lcE-00093-00023615-00023814 you want to make sure that it's rolled
+stp0znf0lcE-00094-00023815-00024111 good and tight there's nothing worse
+stp0znf0lcE-00095-00024112-00024207 than a
+stp0znf0lcE-00096-00024208-00024639 loosely rolled t-shirt
+stp0znf0lcE-00097-00024640-00024799 i can remember sometimes during the
+stp0znf0lcE-00098-00024800-00024958 inspection our dreary songs would come
+stp0znf0lcE-00099-00024959-00025230 in and they would see our t-shirts and
+stp0znf0lcE-00100-00025231-00025639 ask did you measure that with a dollar
+stp0znf0lcE-00101-00025639-00025846 and you know sometimes as trainees can
+stp0znf0lcE-00102-00025847-00026111 do we'll make those stories a few to the
+stp0znf0lcE-00103-00026112-00026327 dreary surgeon about how we rolled our
+stp0znf0lcE-00104-00026327-00026558 t-shirts he would actually pull out a
+stp0znf0lcE-00105-00026560-00026887 dollar and measure
+stp0znf0lcE-00106-00026888-00027239 i thought to myself how stupid is that
+stp0znf0lcE-00107-00027239-00027407 but back to rolling as you're rolling
+stp0znf0lcE-00108-00027408-00027574 make sure that you're rolling it tight
+stp0znf0lcE-00109-00027575-00028183 just like this
+stp0znf0lcE-00110-00028183-00028470 if anywhere in the process
+stp0znf0lcE-00111-00028472-00028662 it starts getting
+stp0znf0lcE-00112-00028663-00028911 crazy looking you want to unroll and
+stp0znf0lcE-00113-00028912-00029062 re-roll again
+stp0znf0lcE-00114-00029063-00029318 as you can see i'm rolling this t-shirt
+stp0znf0lcE-00115-00029319-00030055 good and tight
+stp0znf0lcE-00116-00030056-00030390 so to close
+stp0znf0lcE-00117-00030391-00030679 i have demonstrated to you how to roll a
+stp0znf0lcE-00118-00030680-00031118 t-shirt army style
+stp0znf0lcE-00119-00031119-00031343 the reason i want i told y'all this is
+stp0znf0lcE-00120-00031344-00031535 because i'm trying to help you to have
+stp0znf0lcE-00121-00031536-00031807 more space in your dresser drawing
+stp0znf0lcE-00122-00031808-00032046 and especially you fellas out there that
+stp0znf0lcE-00123-00032047-00032135 have
+stp0znf0lcE-00124-00032136-00032358 have wives or girlfriends they won't go
+stp0znf0lcE-00125-00032360-00032551 to your dresser door and say man your
+stp0znf0lcE-00126-00032552-00032815 drawer is messy but if you do each one
+stp0znf0lcE-00127-00032816-00033055 of your t-shirts like this
+stp0znf0lcE-00128-00033056-00033231 you'll have much more space in your
+stp0znf0lcE-00129-00033232-00033471 dresser drawer
+stp0znf0lcE-00130-00033472-00033743 i appreciate you guys watching and
+stp0znf0lcE-00131-00033744-00034031 learning how to fold a t-shirt
+stp0znf0lcE-00132-00034032-00034475 army style thank you
+sv4n1KnvknM-00000-00000096-00000394 foreign
+sv4n1KnvknM-00001-00000395-00000958 [Music]
+sv4n1KnvknM-00003-00005550-00005876 [Applause]
+sv4n1KnvknM-00004-00005877-00006877 [Music]
+sv4n1KnvknM-00005-00006878-00007005 thank you
+sv4n1KnvknM-00006-00007006-00007445 [Music]
+sv4n1KnvknM-00007-00007445-00007570 foreign
+sv4n1KnvknM-00008-00007570-00009989 [Music]
+sv4n1KnvknM-00009-00009990-00010394 [Applause]
+sv4n1KnvknM-00010-00010395-00011537 [Music]
+sv4n1KnvknM-00011-00011538-00012089 foreign
+sv4n1KnvknM-00012-00012090-00014380 [Music]
+sv4n1KnvknM-00013-00014381-00014685 foreign
+sv4n1KnvknM-00014-00014686-00015072 [Music]
+sv4n1KnvknM-00015-00015074-00015103 [Applause]
+sv4n1KnvknM-00016-00015104-00015637 [Music]
+sv4n1KnvknM-00017-00015638-00015763 [Applause]
+sv4n1KnvknM-00018-00015765-00016237 [Music]
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00000-00000003-00000125 hi guys today we're gonna be looking at
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00001-00000126-00000296 natural gas and also we're gonna be
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00002-00000297-00000443 looking at two trays in him in right now
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00003-00000444-00000580 of course you already know that one and
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00004-00000581-00000686 the other ones gonna be a home I just
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00005-00000687-00000893 got in it today so let's go ahead and
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00006-00000894-00001012 take a look at these stocks my face
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00007-00001013-00001291 don't mind my face I got dust and crap
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00008-00001292-00001768 all in it because
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00009-00001769-00001972 I was on site blowing leaves while other
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00010-00001973-00002137 people are raking I'm out there blowing
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00011-00002138-00002305 I just get a lot more dirtier I still
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00012-00002306-00002467 got a shower but whose do that later
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00013-00002468-00002658 let's talk about natural gas and a home
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00014-00002659-00002851 in this other swing traded I'm in right
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00015-00002852-00003010 now oh yeah I don't want to forget don't
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00016-00003011-00003145 forget to subscribe to my channel if
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00017-00003146-00003274 you're new and like this video today
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00018-00003275-00003361 we're gonna go ahead and look at a
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00019-00003361-00003508 little bit of natural gas here on this
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00020-00003509-00003672 chart and study you guess we've been
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00021-00003673-00003804 looking at you gas but let's take a look
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00022-00003805-00004000 at natural gas so you can really see
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00023-00004001-00004156 what's going on with it as you can see
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00024-00004157-00004375 right here we have resistance right
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00025-00004376-00004585 around I see it what is it two dollars
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00026-00004586-00004875 and say two dollars and 46 cents what's
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00027-00004876-00005113 today is today Thursday oh yes Thursday
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00028-00005114-00005263 so I forgot that the report came out I
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00029-00005264-00005377 guess it wasn't that good I'm not gonna
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00030-00005378-00005481 even bother looking at it because
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00031-00005482-00005725 respecting this resistance level right
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00032-00005726-00005884 there and if it did have a good report
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00033-00005885-00006019 it definitely would have broken through
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00034-00006020-00006172 that today if we pull up to the ten year
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00035-00006173-00006361 to day chart you can see it actually
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00036-00006362-00006598 does have higher highs here and it does
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00037-00006598-00006774 have a higher low so I'm gonna go ahead
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00038-00006775-00006970 and I'm gonna draw a trendline to this
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00039-00006970-00007173 right here so that's gonna give me some
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00040-00007175-00007398 indication so that way I have that in
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00041-00007400-00007560 the background but if we are looking at
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00042-00007561-00007801 natural gas we are in a bullish movement
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00043-00007802-00007998 I would say just by the trend is going
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00044-00008000-00008241 up so that's good but the question is is
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00045-00008242-00008446 you guys gonna go into our ass before
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00046-00008447-00008619 this thing maybe starts to go here
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00047-00008620-00008766 that's the question but if we zoom in
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00048-00008767-00008938 here closer and look at it you know yep
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00049-00008939-00009133 it is respecting that right there
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00050-00009134-00009343 246 so it's gonna have to it's gonna
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00051-00009344-00009487 have to bust through that sometime here
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00052-00009488-00009691 so let me pull up you guys why not let's
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00053-00009692-00009852 take a look at it here whoops that's not
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00054-00009853-00010135 you guess how is that you guys dots so
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00055-00010136-00010305 that that ran out pretty good today it
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00056-00010306-00010429 looks like whatever the hell that is
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00057-00010430-00010602 anyway so let's get to the row you guess
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00058-00010603-00010722 all right so one thing we're gonna look
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00059-00010723-00010951 at here this resistance level right here
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00060-00010952-00011224 this was the one that natural gas ticked
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00061-00011225-00011452 off so you can see how bad that these
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00062-00011453-00011707 ETS deteriorate so that's basically why
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00063-00011708-00011893 you guys never got to this resistance
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00064-00011894-00012066 level that's why when you trade this you
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00065-00012067-00012226 always need to look at natural gas for
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00066-00012227-00012408 support levels and resistance levels
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00067-00012409-00012571 it's very smart to do that and you're
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00068-00012572-00012672 probably thinking well you didn't look
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00069-00012673-00012841 at it yesterday well yeah I'm not smart
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00070-00012841-00013015 sometimes okay none of us are and I got
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00071-00013016-00013147 a million stocks going on my head I
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00072-00013147-00013288 forget a few things here there you know
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00073-00013288-00013450 so if I was a betting man I'd probably
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00074-00013451-00013660 say that you gas is probably gonna have
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00075-00013661-00013872 a red date tomorrow because looking at
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00076-00013873-00014097 natural gas I don't you know I don't
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00077-00014098-00014329 just don't see it breaking through that
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00078-00014330-00014524 right now although if it does break
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00079-00014525-00014647 through it and you guess is gonna have a
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00080-00014647-00014806 really good day because when it normally
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00081-00014807-00014941 breaks through resistance like that it
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00082-00014941-00015096 really breaks through it all right now
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00083-00015097-00015194 we're gonna go ahead and take a look at
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00084-00015196-00015444 home here this stock had a really
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00085-00015444-00015615 horrible day yesterday look at this
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00086-00015616-00015882 it drops 41% yesterday that isn't a
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00087-00015883-00016086 massive drop and the reason why it
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00088-00016087-00016251 dropped is because it didn't have good
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00089-00016252-00016500 guidance going into the future so okay
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00090-00016501-00016692 yeah I can understand a stock dropping
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00091-00016693-00016950 but 41% that's a little bit ridiculous
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00092-00016951-00017121 that's why I got into this today and I
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00093-00017122-00017322 made a tweet out so if you guys got it
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00094-00017323-00017484 that's good um I made a video yesterday
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00095-00017485-00017724 no showing I'm you know I made tweets
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00096-00017725-00017865 right when I see stuff I make tweets
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00097-00017866-00017967 because I can't make a video all the
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00098-00017968-00018141 time so if you want to get into like
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00099-00018142-00018306 some of these stocks we need to get my
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00100-00018307-00018447 Twitter account so that way you can see
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00101-00018448-00018567 this stuff so what happened on this
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00102-00018568-00018783 trade I had a limited buy-in at $5 and
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00103-00018784-00018939 it only ended up filling 50 shares and
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00104-00018940-00019089 then I kept on running so then I went
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00105-00019090-00019242 ahead and bought another 300 right
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00106-00019243-00019500 around $5 in 20 cents so I got in at a
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00107-00019501-00019662 very good price I think and you can see
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00108-00019663-00019836 it just had one big green candlestick
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00109-00019837-00019992 and then it just basically consolidated
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00110-00019993-00020178 all day right on the support level here
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00111-00020179-00020424 at about 549 ish and I'm looking at
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00112-00020425-00020643 being this swing trade till around $8 or
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00113-00020644-00020787 so see if it gets up to that or not
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00114-00020788-00020940 which I think it will eventually but
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00115-00020941-00021162 this stock tends to go very slowly and
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00116-00021163-00021378 today was basically the big push so it's
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00117-00021379-00021591 gonna just consolidate hopefully in an
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00118-00021592-00021834 upward slow slow pattern so this might
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00119-00021835-00022002 be a little bit of a long swing trade if
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00120-00022003-00022140 you look at the bigger picture here you
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00121-00022141-00022308 can see it did have another massive
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00122-00022309-00022472 dropped here and then it went up and
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00123-00022473-00022635 then I just had another massive drop and
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00124-00022636-00022830 the lowest has been on this one most $4
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00125-00022831-00023079 in 58 cents so that's I'm at a pretty
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00126-00023080-00023205 good price I think for this stock
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00127-00023206-00023313 alright now we're gonna go ahead and
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00128-00023314-00023522 take a look at Olin TX this is the swing
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00129-00023523-00023703 tray that I am still in right now so
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00130-00023704-00023814 that's all it tweeted this out in the
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00131-00023815-00024030 morning too I just realized it now this
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00132-00024031-00024249 does look like a cup and handle pattern
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00133-00024250-00024419 right here you can see here's the cup
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00134-00024420-00024603 and then the handle basically looks like
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00135-00024604-00024806 a bowl kind of right there I mean I even
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00136-00024807-00025047 so obvious I don't know why I didn't see
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00137-00025048-00025221 this before but today the stock had a
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00138-00025222-00025377 red day so if we zoom in here you can
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00139-00025378-00025581 see I dumped off pretty pretty good in
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00140-00025582-00025743 the morning and then it came back up and
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00141-00025744-00025899 tested this resistance here right around
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00142-00025900-00026096 30 cents and it rejected and came back
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00143-00026097-00026315 down but eventually I'm hoping for this
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00144-00026316-00026436 thing that breaking when we got some
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00145-00026437-00026639 news coming up next week so that's what
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00146-00026641-00026781 I'm looking for and I'm gonna go ahead
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00147-00026782-00026933 and keep this trendline right here
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00148-00026935-00027095 because it's still gonna be there and
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00149-00027097-00027261 it's actually gonna be resistance for it
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00150-00027262-00027369 but I'm gonna go ahead and keep it there
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00151-00027370-00027513 unless it keeps going down then I'm
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00152-00027514-00027614 gonna go ahead and move it
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00153-00027614-00027725 a little bit later but right now I'm
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00154-00027726-00027932 just gonna keep that this trendline that
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00155-00027933-00028094 I had going on right here this is just
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00156-00028095-00028280 so you sure you why I got this trendline
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00157-00028281-00028439 here you can see the trend line going up
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00158-00028439-00028558 alright guys thanks for watching not
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00159-00028560-00028688 much of a video today just going through
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00160-00028689-00028850 some charts you know getting our heads
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00161-00028851-00029012 up about what's going on with on the so
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00162-00029013-00029123 if you're new to my channel please hit
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00163-00029124-00029285 the subscribe button I go through you
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00164-00029286-00029408 know swing trades and if you ever want
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00165-00029408-00029606 me to look at a stock don't don't be shy
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00166-00029607-00029732 to comment you know I'll go ahead and
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00167-00029733-00029839 look at anything and I'll tell you the
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00168-00029841-00029993 honest and truth of what I think about
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00169-00029994-00030107 it so yeah if you're new to my channel
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00170-00030108-00030245 hit that subscribe button I hit this
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00171-00030245-00030374 like video if you guys enjoyed it and
+s-ECW8fVV9E-00172-00030375-00030698 every but it's make some money everybody
+sAsJ-S1DPj8-00000-00000081-00000638 [Music]
+sAsJ-S1DPj8-00001-00000639-00000846 rolling over time
+sAsJ-S1DPj8-00002-00000847-00001818 [Music]
+sAsJ-S1DPj8-00003-00001819-00002982 [Music]
+sAsJ-S1DPj8-00004-00002983-00003295 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00000-00000615-00001291 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00001-00001292-00001616 thank you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00002-00001617-00002602 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00003-00002603-00003425 if you wanna see I will see the shore if
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00004-00003426-00003911 you are a king I will be the door
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00005-00003911-00004454 I dream of a way to be closer each day
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00006-00004455-00006838 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00007-00006839-00006917 [Applause]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00008-00006918-00007501 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00009-00007502-00008131 to you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00012-00022428-00023441 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00015-00037434-00037679 or of Darkness I made my way to the far
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00016-00037680-00037877 side of the island where my brother had
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00017-00037878-00038068 a small trading Schooner anchored we
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00018-00038069-00038279 Slipped Away with the morning tide and
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00019-00038280-00038477 made for the island of railroad 2 in the
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00020-00038478-00038765 Sulu archipelago where I had friends to
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00021-00038766-00038867 hide me
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00022-00038868-00039179 but 300 miles short of our destination a
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00023-00039180-00039335 hurricane swept at us from out of the
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00024-00039336-00039623 China Sea and short-handed we found it
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00025-00039624-00041840 on a reef
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00026-00041841-00043768 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00027-00043769-00044360 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00028-00044361-00046049 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00029-00046050-00046702 foreign
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00031-00053790-00054030 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00032-00054032-00054930 thank you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00033-00054932-00056537 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00034-00056538-00057174 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00035-00057175-00058291 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00036-00058291-00058721 thank you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00037-00058722-00060713 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00038-00060714-00060947 foreign
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00039-00060948-00061735 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00040-00061736-00061949 The Reef
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00041-00061950-00062165 we didn't see the reef
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00042-00062166-00062332 our lady on our Compass went out last
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00043-00062333-00062507 night in the storm
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00044-00062508-00062771 we saw your Island that we made for it
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00045-00062772-00063041 and then we hit the coral it is the time
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00046-00063041-00063304 the gods are angry we had had great wins
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00047-00063305-00063479 for a month
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00048-00063479-00063659 there were foolish to put out in so
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00049-00063660-00063887 small a boat
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00050-00063888-00064282 much was destroyed here last night too
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00051-00064283-00064582 Jim
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00052-00064583-00064865 there was another man here
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00053-00064866-00065887 dead
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00054-00065888-00066167 where are we you're on the island of
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00055-00066168-00066293 anakai
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00056-00066294-00066467 it is property of the island company
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00057-00066468-00066682 visitors are not allowed on this island
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00058-00066683-00066856 we don't want to be here any more than
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00059-00066857-00067013 you want us here
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00060-00067014-00067150 are there any boats that Touch This
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00061-00067151-00067241 Island
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00062-00067242-00067487 how soon can we get away from here
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00063-00067488-00067697 company lunch we'll be here in 10 days
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00064-00067698-00067943 they will take you away in 10 days but
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00065-00067944-00068123 we can't wait then Mark you will not
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00066-00068124-00070650 mind time passes quickly in vanakai
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00067-00070651-00070937 this is the guest house it's yours while
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00068-00070938-00071267 you are here there is no need to pay the
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00069-00071268-00071417 house is empty and everything here
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00070-00071418-00072779 belongs to the company
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00071-00072780-00073144 we have such cases with our divers it is
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00072-00073145-00073282 not dangerous
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00073-00073283-00073559 unless you do it too often or stay under
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00074-00073560-00073937 too long there is that of course
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00075-00073938-00074253 when they drag clothes
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00076-00074254-00074556 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00077-00074557-00075082 for these men
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00078-00075083-00075365 your names I will need them for my
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00079-00075366-00075550 report to the company what shall we call
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00080-00075551-00075850 you uh Johnson Christy Johnson and this
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00081-00075851-00076097 is my brother Lee and your business
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00082-00076098-00076456 collecting specimens for museums you are
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00083-00076457-00076697 a scientific Expedition
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00084-00076698-00076937 we have had several here before just
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00085-00076938-00077171 freelance I collect marine life fish
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00086-00077172-00077332 what have you and I send it back they
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00087-00077333-00077797 pay me enough to keep me going
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00088-00077798-00078532 he's gonna replace your
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00089-00078533-00078809 go back to your work wait the girl that
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00090-00078810-00079085 pulled us up there is no need to pay on
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00091-00079086-00079235 vanikai
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00092-00079236-00079415 everything is given the girls by the
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00093-00079416-00079661 company company what company the island
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00094-00079662-00079823 company
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00095-00079824-00080494 a world famous concern fish canneries
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00097-00083544-00083735 what is that she's doing
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00098-00083736-00084035 looks like a semaphore semaphore she's
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00099-00084036-00084365 sending a message about us probably
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00100-00084366-00084538 the police will know I'm here we're too
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00101-00084539-00084700 far from Port anyhow they can't know so
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00102-00084701-00084887 soon maybe not but they will in 10 days
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00103-00084888-00085091 we can't wait that long by then Ireland
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00104-00085092-00085193 and group will have my description
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00105-00085194-00085379 nobody will look for you here look
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00106-00085380-00085565 there's a warrant out for me a Navy ship
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00107-00085566-00085709 could come through here anytime what can
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00108-00085710-00085943 we do without a boat a storm fixed us
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00109-00085944-00086219 gotta find one must be some kind of boat
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00110-00086220-00086338 around this island
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00111-00086339-00086656 gotta keep going get Herrera too once
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00112-00086657-00086819 I'm there matapa will hide me I thought
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00113-00086820-00086915 you were going to stay away from him
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00114-00086916-00087082 that's how you got into this mess how I
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00115-00087083-00087287 got into it doesn't matter I'm not gonna
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00116-00087288-00087467 let them take me back one of your head
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00117-00087468-00087688 you killed a guy it wasn't any other way
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00118-00087689-00087887 I told you that no there wouldn't be
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00119-00087888-00088055 with you don't give me any of your
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00120-00088056-00088217 two-bit lectures you said you were going
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00121-00088218-00088397 to help me get to River too if you want
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00122-00088398-00089765 to call it off I'll make it by myself
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00123-00089766-00089981 young man feeling better now you just
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00124-00089982-00090100 gotta knock on the head and we hit the
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00125-00090101-00090382 reef you uh sending a message too big
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00126-00090383-00090671 island about us I send message every day
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00127-00090672-00090976 today I tell about you they say many
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00128-00090977-00091187 ships wreck in big storm and they're
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00129-00091188-00091462 coming to pick us up in 10 days you wait
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00130-00091463-00091625 the bigger boats they don't come in here
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00131-00091626-00091967 do they yeah dangerous many people die
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00132-00091968-00092309 you very lucky I guess we were at that I
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00133-00092310-00092488 thought I saw something just inside the
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00134-00092489-00092579 reef
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00135-00092580-00092921 that become a shotgun kangaroa that
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00136-00092922-00093082 place taboo
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00137-00093083-00093418 shotgun angry long time now brings many
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00138-00093419-00093743 bad storms much bad fortune we certainly
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00139-00093744-00093887 didn't bring us any luck is there
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00140-00093888-00093988 anything we can do to get him in a
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00141-00093989-00094117 better humor
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00142-00094118-00094765 kangaroa hungry
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00143-00094766-00094991 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00144-00094992-00095390 thank you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00145-00095391-00096744 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00146-00096745-00097115 oh good we can't get any more we've got
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00147-00097116-00097331 to potential stronger we'll have the
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00148-00097332-00097535 whole thing I can say by morning come on
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00149-00097536-00097835 we're going back
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00150-00097836-00098032 three thousand bucks and what have I got
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00151-00098033-00098200 the show for
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00152-00098201-00098435 blame me don't you and been for me this
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00153-00098436-00098567 wouldn't have happened I don't blame
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00154-00098568-00098743 anybody it's just bad luck that's all
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00155-00098744-00098944 it's about time we had a little good
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00156-00098945-00099318 luck for a change
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00157-00099319-00099682 a question helps us it helps themselves
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00158-00099683-00099822 come on
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00159-00099823-00100223 [Applause]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00160-00100224-00102644 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00161-00102645-00103763 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00163-00107124-00107363 you have good fortune sir
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00164-00107364-00107615 this is all we got 20 bucks worth at the
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00165-00107616-00107783 outside
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00166-00107783-00108089 you've had vote a long time now for
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00167-00108090-00108286 eight months took every cent I could
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00168-00108288-00108377 raise
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00169-00108378-00108616 now I wouldn't even make good firewood I
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00170-00108617-00108881 have to use the hand of fate
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00171-00108882-00109157 who knows to death destiny
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00172-00109158-00109378 life twisting
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00173-00109379-00109643 from which Is No Escape which brings up
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00174-00109644-00109816 an interesting point there's this
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00175-00109817-00110002 twisting reefer and now include board as
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00176-00110003-00110231 well as room food
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00177-00110232-00110416 you go there when you are hungry the
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00178-00110417-00110639 women will help you what's all this here
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00179-00110640-00111034 oysters are opened pearls taken sorted
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00180-00111035-00111413 classified stored stored until ship
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00181-00111414-00111766 comes for them in 10 days from now
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00182-00111767-00111995 is this the same ship that takes us away
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00183-00111996-00112204 it is so
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00184-00112205-00112481 you understand these places you are not
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00185-00112482-00112865 permitted to go company rules
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00186-00112866-00113290 feed these men
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00187-00113291-00113465 you know a girl doesn't seem too fond of
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00188-00113466-00113651 us does she she's doing pretty well
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00189-00113652-00115019 after all we weren't exactly invited
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00190-00115020-00115307 speak to us make friends what you heard
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00191-00115308-00115469 me she knows this place
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00192-00115470-00116093 she can help us go on
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00193-00116094-00116254 hello
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00194-00116255-00116465 what's your name
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00195-00116466-00116621 my name is Chris
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00196-00116622-00116886 what's yours
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00197-00116888-00117221 that's a pretty name you eat now with us
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00198-00117222-00117628 yes
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00199-00117629-00117923 I sure
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00200-00117924-00118871 friend too Mahia this is my brother Lee
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00201-00118872-00119440 looks like good Chow
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00202-00119441-00120223 what's wrong
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00203-00120224-00120683 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00204-00120683-00121330 Lord
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00205-00121331-00122998 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00206-00122999-00123601 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00207-00123602-00124465 my name
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00208-00124466-00125028 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00209-00125029-00125363 you like them oh it's great it's very
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00210-00125364-00125869 easy tell stories vote
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00211-00125870-00126454 come to me both
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00212-00126455-00126652 hit
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00213-00126653-00126936 three
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00214-00126938-00127277 big wave
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00215-00127278-00127440 take Chris
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00216-00127441-00128016 to bottom of sea
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00217-00128017-00129790 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00218-00129791-00129969 thank you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00219-00129970-00130890 [Applause]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00220-00130891-00132864 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00221-00132865-00134752 thank you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00222-00134753-00134872 foreign
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00223-00134873-00136555 [Laughter]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00224-00136556-00137382 [Applause]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00225-00137383-00138271 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00226-00138272-00138652 thank you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00227-00138653-00138959 foreign
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00229-00142391-00142714 what's the matter
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00230-00142715-00143333 what is it died
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00231-00143334-00143790 what happens now
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00232-00143791-00144904 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00233-00144905-00145163 aren't you going going where
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00234-00145164-00145354 find your little girl your little
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00235-00145355-00145547 dancing partner those women think we're
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00236-00145548-00145702 taboo you saw the look on their faces
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00237-00145703-00145949 last night you've never been taboo to a
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00238-00145950-00146164 woman in your life you know it they're
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00239-00146165-00146321 all hecked up on this Superstition thing
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00240-00146322-00146590 and that poor look I told you if we want
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00241-00146591-00146716 to get away from here we've got to find
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00242-00146717-00146914 somebody that knows the ropes if we find
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00243-00146915-00147101 a boat we've got to have supplies we'll
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00244-00147102-00148114 need a friend this is your chance
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00245-00148115-00148247 it's not a shark come through the reef
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00246-00148248-00148475 this morning great if those babies can
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00247-00148476-00148637 come in that means we can get out and if
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00248-00148638-00148781 we don't make it we end up like Jim
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00249-00148782-00148919 we'll make it
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00250-00148920-00149104 hey you better watch out you got to jump
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00251-00149105-00149333 as those women down there and cheer up
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00252-00149334-00149495 Life's just beginning there's nothing to
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00253-00149496-00149716 worry about I'll Scout around see if I
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00254-00149717-00150052 can rustle up anything you try the girl
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00255-00150053-00151672 you sure got your philosophy
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00256-00151673-00153464 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00257-00153465-00154244 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00258-00154245-00156657 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00259-00156658-00157675 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00260-00157676-00157906 thank you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00261-00157907-00159940 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00262-00159941-00160266 foreign
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00263-00160267-00162797 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00264-00162798-00163015 foreign
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00265-00163016-00163729 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00266-00163730-00165493 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00267-00165494-00165754 because of last night
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00268-00165755-00165995 what happened what does it mean who I
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00269-00165996-00166235 say shark got hungry
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00270-00166236-00166649 people die on reef shark God eat
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00271-00166650-00167111 I save your life make Gods more angry
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00272-00167112-00167549 last night my flowers speak
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00273-00167550-00168011 very bad who I say big taboo on you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00274-00168012-00168233 say no see you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00275-00168234-00168497 send me here what's pool got to do with
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00276-00168498-00168689 this
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00277-00168690-00168802 she's sacred
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00278-00168803-00169061 know all about love
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00279-00169062-00169319 you want me to go away
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00280-00169320-00169654 what are you afraid of for what oh god
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00281-00169655-00169919 taboo
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00282-00169920-00170285 maybe Chris died listen if the gods
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00283-00170286-00170440 wanted me to die they wouldn't have had
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00284-00170441-00170566 you out there with a knife to cut me
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00285-00170567-00170740 free would they
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00286-00170741-00170926 then what are we worrying about that's
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00287-00170927-00171251 for poor she doesn't realize
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00288-00171252-00171425 how old are you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00289-00171426-00171581 18
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00290-00171582-00171737 why aren't there any men here on the
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00291-00171738-00171923 island
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00292-00171924-00172193 you know nothing about us do you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00293-00172194-00173285 preschool
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00294-00173286-00173388 foreign
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00295-00173389-00176376 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00296-00176377-00176669 I found it found what a boat an
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00297-00176670-00176897 outrigger it's around the point come on
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00298-00176898-00177661 I'll show you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00299-00177662-00177916 there we can make any place we want to
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00300-00177917-00178019 in this
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00301-00178020-00178252 will easily make their own food the mass
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00302-00178253-00178390 is broken we'll have to find a new one
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00303-00178391-00178663 otherwise she's in Tip-Top shape
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00304-00178664-00178901 Chris I've got to get going get away
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00305-00178902-00179343 from this island
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00306-00179344-00179483 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00307-00179484-00179807 watching It's The Old Woman
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00308-00179808-00180004 I want you should leave girl alone what
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00309-00180005-00180364 do you mean you know what I mean I
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00310-00180365-00180616 have no business here in one week you go
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00311-00180617-00180845 away till both comes you leave girl
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00312-00180846-00181351 alone what is all this you bring trouble
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00313-00181352-00181637 and you bring back much trouble you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00314-00181638-00181828 can't believe that my hair brings back
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00315-00181829-00182099 no pearls I'll know this
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00316-00182100-00182369 I'll know where my hair was today
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00317-00182370-00182638 now Something Cheat will bring bad luck
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00318-00182639-00182964 Mahia I hear a snipe here on this island
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00319-00182965-00183251 your life some other places
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00320-00183252-00183466 there is no other place for my here
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00321-00183467-00184001 please girl alone I warn you now
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00322-00184002-00184349 after this trouble
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00323-00184350-00184613 up your mind are you coming or not I'm
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00324-00184614-00184774 ready
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00325-00184775-00187110 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00326-00187111-00188366 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00327-00188367-00189419 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00328-00189420-00189735 thank you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00329-00189736-00190598 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00330-00190599-00191254 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00331-00191255-00192295 foreign
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00332-00192296-00192897 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00333-00192898-00194629 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00334-00194630-00195011 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00335-00195012-00195581 give us a sign
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00336-00195582-00195881 god of the old people who were here
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00337-00195882-00196097 before us
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00338-00196098-00196493 god of the land sunk Beneath the Sea
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00339-00196494-00197033 visits not your anger upon us
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00340-00197034-00197326 tangaroa
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00341-00197327-00197788 take our sin away from us
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00342-00197789-00198226 Deliver Us from your anger
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00343-00198227-00198604 we are humble tangaroa
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00344-00198605-00199147 give us a sign
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00345-00199148-00199840 [Applause]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00346-00199841-00200231 the I2 are not satisfied
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00347-00200232-00200404 tomorrow
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00348-00200405-00200735 we make this ceremony
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00349-00200736-00200938 tomorrow morning we make the
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00350-00200939-00203057 purification
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00351-00203058-00204576 foreign
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00352-00204577-00205012 what's going on here what was all that
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00353-00205013-00205264 I too angry
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00354-00205265-00205482 we have sinned I too
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00355-00205483-00205729 there is something dead
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00356-00205730-00205986 there are no dead here
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00357-00205987-00206203 there are many
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00358-00206204-00206446 tangaroa has many eye too
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00359-00206448-00206903 other man with you he there now he I too
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00360-00206904-00207286 when tangaroo are hungry I too cold to
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00361-00207287-00207407 us
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00362-00207408-00207742 we go tomorrow
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00363-00207744-00207886 to him
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00364-00207887-00208096 we bring gift
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00365-00208098-00208282 we swim out
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00366-00208283-00208481 I thought you didn't go there you said
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00367-00208482-00208642 the water was dangerous
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00368-00208644-00208960 and the Sharks the shark is good
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00369-00208961-00209248 you could be killed
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00370-00209250-00209575 God hungry oh that's insane you can't go
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00371-00209576-00209753 no Chris
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00372-00209754-00210113 Mighty are bad Mahia bring bad luck to
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00373-00210114-00210277 everybody
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00374-00210278-00210563 makes Gods angry
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00375-00210564-00211123 but he had go
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00376-00211123-00212027 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00377-00212028-00212542 oh
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00378-00212544-00213403 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00379-00213404-00214692 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00380-00214694-00216534 thank you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00381-00216535-00216792 thank you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00382-00216794-00216971 gorilla
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00383-00216971-00217491 kangaroa
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00384-00217492-00217842 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00385-00217844-00218466 you heard
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00386-00218467-00220346 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00387-00220348-00221039 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00388-00221040-00221088 foreign
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00390-00225942-00228198 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00391-00228200-00228466 no no
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00392-00228467-00229456 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00393-00229457-00229732 girl here no do not take girl she
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00394-00229733-00229956 belongs
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00395-00229957-00230369 not forgive me bye
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00396-00230369-00230591 bring me water and dry clothes do you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00397-00230592-00231179 understand
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00398-00231180-00231341 she hurt I don't think so get me
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00399-00231342-00231448 something to clean it with some water
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00400-00231450-00231985 for her to drink all right
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00401-00231986-00232403 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00402-00232404-00232709 Chris wrestler
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00403-00232710-00235001 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00405-00238156-00238805 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00406-00238806-00239076 you'll sleep
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00407-00239077-00239392 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00408-00239394-00239548 not here
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00409-00239550-00239819 will you go away with me
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00410-00239819-00240023 go
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00411-00240023-00240587 away from the island away from benica
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00412-00240588-00241025 when both
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00413-00241026-00241234 Kia stay
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00414-00241235-00241478 if you could go would you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00415-00241479-00241648 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00416-00241650-00242429 go with Chris anywhere
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00417-00242430-00242669 Chris leave I'll be back in a little
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00418-00242669-00243658 while
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00419-00243659-00243815 hurry up William will never get the
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00420-00243816-00243971 outbreaker made at this rate I'm ready
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00421-00243971-00244331 Lee how soon can we be ready to leave
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00422-00244332-00244456 are you here
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00423-00244457-00244594 if we get the Mastery place tonight
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00424-00244596-00244792 anytime anytime
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00425-00244794-00246588 good come on
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00426-00246589-00248075 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00427-00248076-00249594 I hit it in here
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00428-00249596-00250121 thank you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00431-00257759-00258517 foreign
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00432-00258517-00259132 no come back now tonight listen to me
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00433-00259133-00259282 the police are coming for them in the
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00434-00259283-00259469 morning there will be trouble you cannot
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00435-00259469-00259667 stay here you must come with me now no I
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00436-00259667-00259889 don't believe you don't come I'll take
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00437-00259890-00260301 you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00438-00260302-00262163 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00439-00262164-00262547 oh
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00440-00262548-00263903 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00441-00263904-00264265 no you did not let me get away
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00442-00264266-00264539 now they will never get away I will tell
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00443-00264540-00264732 the others she say police coming morning
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00444-00264733-00265715 let's get out of here
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00445-00265716-00265789 foreign
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00446-00265790-00267754 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00447-00267755-00268753 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00448-00268754-00268973 enough trouble already what do you want
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00449-00268974-00269153 me to do leave her here you know the
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00450-00269154-00269260 others think she's brought some sort of
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00451-00269261-00269423 a taboo on them after saving our lives
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00452-00269424-00269669 and after today that shark I think it's
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00453-00269670-00269789 some kind of a God that's giving them
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00454-00269790-00269980 trouble and what kind of a time do you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00455-00269981-00270095 imagine our friend here is going to give
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00456-00270096-00270280 her I hope the boat's small enough it's
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00457-00270281-00270443 going to be a hard journey she's sick
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00458-00270444-00270743 she'll go won't you my hair my hair go
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00459-00270744-00270923 with Chris
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00460-00270924-00271121 it's always the same isn't it Chris you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00461-00271122-00271265 gotta last things up because of some
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00462-00271266-00271403 dame
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00463-00271404-00271660 isn't that way she's just a kid and what
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00464-00271661-00271756 are you gonna do with it when we make
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00465-00271757-00272032 land we haven't got any money
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00466-00272033-00272267 or is that your idea she's a nation
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00467-00272268-00272313 though
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00468-00272314-00272813 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00469-00272814-00273058 be sorry for that Chris
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00470-00273059-00273610 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00471-00273611-00273803 we better get some supplies
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00472-00273804-00273982 is there a map or anything on the island
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00473-00273983-00274337 show us where to go map in office show
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00474-00274338-00274510 Island all right you get the food and
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00475-00274511-00274673 water I'll get the map do you want me to
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00476-00274674-00274817 go with you no there's not enough time
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00477-00274818-00275093 it's nearly Dawn now you load the boat
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00478-00275094-00275249 I'll take whatever's useful from the
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00479-00275250-00275327 office
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00480-00275328-00275555 what about her believer she'll warn the
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00481-00275556-00275975 others there's only one thing to do
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00482-00275976-00276143 we'll have to take it with us it's the
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00483-00276144-00276299 only thing we can do
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00484-00276300-00276419 all right
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00485-00276420-00278096 we'll put it in the boat too
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00486-00278097-00279776 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00487-00279777-00280721 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00488-00280722-00281206 thank you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00489-00281207-00282848 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00491-00286364-00286625 Chris you should have left her on the
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00492-00286626-00286823 island I told you that I didn't know
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00493-00286824-00286984 what was going to happen I thought we'd
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00494-00286985-00287182 get away without any trouble I'm tired
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00495-00287183-00287356 poor Chris
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00496-00287357-00287927 might as well
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00497-00287928-00288179 they tried to steal the pearls I told
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00498-00288180-00288437 you there were bad men what didn't you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00499-00288438-00288653 hear them shouting no I I was too
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00500-00288654-00288887 frightened I asked him
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00501-00288888-00289108 what is it she say you tried to take
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00502-00289109-00289421 pearls she hear them call after you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00503-00289422-00289589 take pearls you're out of your mind
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00504-00289590-00289858 having any pearls
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00505-00289859-00290458 this is all I took give me the map
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00506-00290459-00290645 shortest route to River 2 is past the
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00507-00290646-00290806 Big Island they'll be looking for us
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00508-00290807-00290945 we'll have to find someplace and wait
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00509-00290946-00291232 and where do you suggest waiting
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00510-00291233-00291430 can't go ahead and we sure can't go back
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00511-00291431-00291665 there's only one place left
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00512-00291666-00291910 to reap we can't spend all day in that
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00513-00291911-00292108 rough water part of the reef rises above
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00514-00292109-00292349 the water we'll land there and wait they
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00515-00292350-00292589 won't kill us you cannot land vote on
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00516-00292590-00292867 those rocks well you've got to
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00517-00292868-00293295 our only chance we'll have to try it
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00518-00293296-00296041 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00519-00296042-00296507 thank you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00520-00296508-00297738 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00521-00297739-00298721 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00522-00298722-00300232 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00523-00300233-00300732 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00524-00300733-00300989 for yourself you'll stay right here with
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00525-00300990-00301475 us
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00526-00301476-00301829 just for her to get away where I go the
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00527-00301830-00302506 police can't be here soon enough
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00528-00302507-00302806 I saved your life I bring you half
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00529-00302807-00303149 little girl I've seen you and this is
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00530-00303150-00303901 what you do to me
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00531-00303902-00304153 let's go over on the other side
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00532-00304154-00304355 we'll keep a better Lookout over there
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00533-00304356-00304558 yeah they'll never find us there we'll
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00534-00304559-00304732 be gone tonight that'll be the end of it
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00535-00304733-00306106 what
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00536-00306107-00307241 three or four hours easy
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00537-00307242-00307480 you do a woman behind no thanks you be
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00538-00307481-00307597 careful
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00539-00307598-00307834 you'll always careful don't worry about
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00540-00307835-00308032 me just keep an eye on our friend there
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00541-00308033-00310056 I'll be back
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00542-00310057-00310643 are you afraid
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00543-00310644-00310943 what is
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00544-00310944-00311254 why you run from police why are you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00545-00311255-00311699 afraid of them it's a long story
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00546-00311700-00311977 do something bad
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00547-00311978-00312460 sleep you got into a scrape it's great
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00548-00312461-00312767 he was caught smuggling guns he hit a
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00549-00312768-00312977 man and the man died
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00550-00312978-00313115 but you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00551-00313116-00313451 you afraid too he came to me to help him
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00552-00313452-00313817 that was my both of his wife he had some
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00553-00313818-00313975 friends that were too that'll help you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00554-00313976-00314519 police will never find him
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00555-00314520-00314695 leave your brother
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00556-00314696-00315006 but he not like you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00557-00315007-00315508 I've got to him
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00558-00315509-00317969 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00559-00317970-00318091 foreign
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00560-00318092-00318753 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00561-00318754-00319483 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00562-00319484-00320923 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00563-00320924-00322384 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00564-00322385-00324066 foreign
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00565-00324067-00324798 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00566-00324799-00325073 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00567-00325074-00325295 foreign
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00569-00328530-00328726 thank you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00570-00328727-00330714 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00571-00330715-00333180 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00572-00333181-00333371 thank you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00574-00336703-00337271 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00575-00337272-00337558 on the roof they're trying to steal the
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00576-00337559-00338327 pearls one damage
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00577-00338328-00340439 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00578-00340440-00340601 thank you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00579-00340602-00340949 real woman where is she you let her get
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00580-00340950-00341141 away she'll have the whole island after
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00581-00341142-00341315 us come on let's get out of here we
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00582-00341316-00341506 can't leave before dark police photos
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00583-00341507-00341651 see us that's what chance we'll have to
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00584-00341652-00341987 take we stay here we have at any chance
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00585-00341988-00342115 what's this
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00586-00342116-00342358 where did you get these where do you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00587-00342359-00342610 think I got them you went back there why
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00588-00342611-00342773 not we're broke what do we got to live
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00589-00342774-00343025 on those we won't have to worry for a
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00590-00343026-00343171 long long time
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00591-00343172-00343543 nobody see you nobody tries to stop you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00592-00343544-00343858 nobody nobody what are you trying to do
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00593-00343859-00344056 cross-examine me but there is always
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00594-00344057-00344303 somebody guarding storehouse
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00595-00344304-00344597 you did not see her all right I saw her
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00596-00344598-00344801 and she didn't try to stop you
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00597-00344802-00345004 you won't be stopping anybody for a long
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00598-00345005-00345143 time
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00599-00345144-00345317 it always ends up like this doesn't it
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00600-00345318-00345484 leave what was I supposed to do
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00601-00345485-00345754 surrender to some old woman and goes
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00602-00345755-00345893 Frozen get out of here we can't go on
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00603-00345894-00346339 running foreverly all right
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00604-00346340-00347332 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00605-00347333-00347408 all right
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00606-00347409-00347854 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00607-00347855-00348251 foreign
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00609-00355572-00355825 foreign
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00610-00355826-00356842 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00611-00356843-00359211 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00613-00363090-00363513 foreign
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00615-00367164-00369977 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00616-00369978-00370131 foreign
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00618-00374654-00374945 is strong
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00619-00374946-00375427 we'll leave evil behind us
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00620-00375428-00377003 [Music]
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00621-00377004-00377390 foreign
+sGwuTpsmlbA-00622-00377391-00378391 [Music]
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00000-00000000-00000167 [Music]
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00001-00000168-00000517 foreign
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00002-00000518-00000761 and thank you for joining us at CES this
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00003-00000762-00000947 week my name is Mina rambakis and I'm
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00004-00000948-00001049 here to talk to you about some of the
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00005-00001050-00001162 great Technologies we have at St
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00006-00001163-00001312 microelectronics
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00007-00001313-00001528 over here we're going to Showcase some
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00008-00001529-00001751 of our HMI applications I'm going to
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00009-00001752-00001967 start here on the bottom left this is a
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00010-00001968-00002134 g zero microcontroller it's a very low
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00011-00002135-00002339 cost micro and we're doing partial frame
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00012-00002340-00002500 buffering on here so you can still drive
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00013-00002501-00002710 a fairly high-end display on a very low
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00014-00002711-00002837 cost solution
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00015-00002838-00003118 above that we have our u5 series which
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00016-00003119-00003490 is very secure extremely low power and a
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00017-00003492-00003629 very cost effective solution to do
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00018-00003629-00003856 Advanced Graphics processing so this
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00019-00003857-00004117 also allows you to have high capability
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00020-00004118-00004499 displays on a lower cost solution
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00021-00004500-00004686 and to the right here we have our
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00022-00004687-00005056 stm32h7 series uh this has our neochrome
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00023-00005057-00005267 accelerator you can do a motion jpeg
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00024-00005268-00005441 video playback
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00025-00005442-00005602 um and it has a lot of horsepower under
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00026-00005603-00005788 the hood here again for a very cost
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00027-00005789-00006004 effective price you can do a very highly
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00028-00006005-00006347 capable uh display implementation and
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00029-00006348-00006491 then as we move to the right over here
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00030-00006492-00006809 we have our stm32 mp1 Solutions so these
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00031-00006809-00007037 are Linux framework devices on the far
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00032-00007038-00007289 right it's our openst Linux platform
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00033-00007290-00007577 driving uh just the Linux framework to
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00034-00007578-00007756 do video playback and then to the left
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00035-00007758-00007919 here we have our partners on the left is
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00036-00007920-00008081 crank software on the right is embedded
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00037-00008081-00008260 Wizards and that's their GUI
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00038-00008261-00008471 implementations uh running their
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00039-00008472-00008753 applications and between these we have a
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00040-00008754-00009077 very flexible GUI implementation I saw
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00041-00009078-00009292 also highlight here on the left uh it's
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00042-00009293-00009491 running our free touch gfx software for
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00043-00009492-00009803 GUI applications so this is a very low
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00044-00009804-00009977 cost implementation and this is our
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00045-00009978-00010181 Linux framework solutions to give you
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00046-00010182-00010391 the flexibility to implement the type of
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00047-00010392-00010564 GUI solution you're looking for in your
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00048-00010565-00010817 solution thank you for joining us at CES
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00049-00010818-00010955 this week and hopefully uh we'll hear
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00050-00010956-00011436 from you soon
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00051-00011437-00011863 [Music]
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00052-00011864-00012003 thank you
+sJZk3r_Bko0-00053-00012004-00012389 [Music]
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00000-00000046-00000302 hello my name is rich McHugh and I
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00001-00000303-00000499 managed the digital scholarship Commons
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00002-00000500-00000665 in the library at the University of
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00003-00000666-00000970 Victoria this is one of my favorite
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00004-00000971-00001187 workshops to teach and I hope you're
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00005-00001188-00001378 looking forward to this fun and useful
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00006-00001379-00001714 workshop and to be clear you don't need
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00007-00001716-00001918 to be an artist to be an excellent
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00008-00001919-00002147 sketch in oder as you'll be able to see
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00009-00002148-00002333 through some of my drawings that I show
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00010-00002334-00002582 in this presentation if you can draw a
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00011-00002583-00002827 stick figure you'll do just fine today
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00012-00002828-00003135 and as you sketch note into the future
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00013-00003136-00003383 so what we're gonna cover over the next
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00014-00003384-00003565 five or six minutes are what our sketch
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00015-00003567-00003959 notes why do we want a sketch note what
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00016-00003960-00004297 the basic sketch note process is types
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00017-00004298-00004552 of different types of sketch notes we'll
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00018-00004553-00004786 practice skills and techniques and then
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00019-00004787-00005066 you'll make your own sketch note so what
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00020-00005067-00005474 our sketch notes they are ideas not art
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00021-00005475-00005720 and as you can see on the sketch note on
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00022-00005721-00006022 the screen they're the only artwork
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00023-00006023-00006220 really was arrows and bubbles around the
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00024-00006221-00006442 text I didn't even get a stick figure in
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00025-00006443-00006895 as you can see from this example from a
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00026-00006897-00007127 UVic student from their physics 190
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00027-00007128-00007360 class sketch notes are a mix of
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00028-00007361-00007619 handwriting drawings shapes and visual
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00029-00007620-00007898 elements like arrows boxes and lines in
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00030-00007898-00008117 this case the person used an iPad so
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00031-00008118-00008374 that the circles and lines are quite
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00032-00008375-00008660 straight but this could have been done
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00033-00008661-00009056 just as easily with pen and paper here
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00034-00009057-00009233 are a few other examples of how sketch
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00035-00009234-00009371 notes can be used outside of the
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00036-00009372-00009731 classroom for example taking meeting our
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00037-00009732-00010316 presentation notes idea mapping planning
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00038-00010317-00010502 like planning a trip although the art
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00039-00010503-00010667 work on this is much better than I can
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00040-00010668-00011167 do documentation and this is for
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00041-00011168-00011485 documenting how to do 3d printing as
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00042-00011486-00011981 well as travel experiences so why sketch
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00043-00011982-00012257 note
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00044-00012258-00012611 in an academic setting there's emergent
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00045-00012612-00012794 research that indicates that summary
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00046-00012795-00012994 note-taking combined with relevant
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00047-00012996-00013205 drawings combined to be one of the most
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00048-00013206-00013355 effective ways to remember new
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00049-00013356-00013522 information and create links to other
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00050-00013524-00013886 related concepts and ideas researchers
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00051-00013887-00014041 at the University of Waterloo
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00052-00014043-00014306 conducted a series of tests on 24
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00053-00014307-00014519 undergraduate students from 24 adults
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00054-00014519-00014777 over the age of 65 all of whom had
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00055-00014778-00015086 normal cognition and the younger people
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00056-00015087-00015263 remembered more words than the older
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00057-00015263-00015512 people when writing them down which you
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00058-00015513-00015665 can see on the graph here which isn't
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00059-00015666-00016055 surprising younger people tend a better
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00060-00016056-00016418 memory however both groups improved when
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00061-00016419-00016675 drawing pictures related to the words
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00062-00016676-00016997 but surprisingly to me anyways the older
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00063-00016998-00017318 group improved even more so given my age
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00064-00017319-00017525 this is really encouraging so just to
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00065-00017526-00017722 summarize the younger group remembered
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00066-00017723-00018317 more by just writing out using text both
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00067-00018318-00018578 groups remembered more when they doodled
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00068-00018579-00018797 but the older group improved even more
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00069-00018798-00019294 to surpass the younger but in a
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00070-00019295-00019592 note-taking literature review from 2002
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00071-00019593-00019913 it was found that most effective notes
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00072-00019914-00020174 highlight an overall frame for a lecture
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00073-00020175-00020384 and embellished that framework with
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00074-00020385-00020630 critical specifics so they're really
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00075-00020631-00020843 trying to find out what's most important
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00076-00020844-00021059 and then summarizing that rather than
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00077-00021060-00021514 doing transcription style notes
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00078-00021515-00021803 cognitive load Theory helps describe why
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00079-00021804-00022278 sketchnoting may work so well note that
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00080-00022279-00022757 working memory is finite if you overload
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00081-00022758-00022952 your working memory before there's time
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00082-00022953-00023243 to encode and transfer it into long-term
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00083-00023244-00023507 storage into mental models things will
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00084-00023508-00023846 be forgotten if you're asked to remember
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00085-00023847-00024191 a series of numbers you can figure out
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00086-00024192-00024464 how big your short-term working memory
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00087-00024465-00024830 is by how quickly the the first numbers
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00088-00024831-00025153 drop off and you can't remember them
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00089-00025154-00025427 sketchnoting forces you identify what's
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00090-00025428-00025555 important
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00091-00025556-00025765 and elaborate key points with texts and
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00092-00025766-00026087 doodles and this identifying what's
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00093-00026088-00026290 important and elaborating with texts and
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00094-00026291-00026567 doodles helps you encode key information
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00095-00026568-00026858 from working memory into the mental
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00096-00026858-00027232 models into your long-term memory a
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00097-00027233-00027496 hands-on example of the related dual
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00098-00027497-00027704 coding theory is sketchnoting
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00099-00027705-00028021 where a listener engages both verbal and
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00100-00028022-00028195 visual parts of the brain to summarize
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00101-00028197-00028495 important information and concepts into
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00102-00028497-00028787 meaningful diagrams and text in theory
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00103-00028788-00028993 should help get things from working
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00104-00028994-00029210 memory or short-term memory into
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00105-00029211-00029426 long-term memory with the mental models
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00106-00029427-00029933 you've created or are creating so to
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00107-00029933-00030206 summarize sketchnoting Gein engages your
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00108-00030207-00030476 whole mind sketchnoting creates a visual
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00109-00030477-00030692 map and connects with mental models you
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00110-00030693-00030998 already have sketchnoting helps with
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00111-00030999-00031217 your concentration especially if you're
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00112-00031218-00031361 in a boring meeting or a boring lecture
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00113-00031362-00031592 doing some doodling can help keep you
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00114-00031593-00031783 engaged rather than having your mind
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00115-00031784-00032065 wander off and sketchnoting taps into
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00116-00032066-00032440 your visual language if i'm sketchnoting
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00117-00032441-00032705 a talk or a lecture i'll get there a
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00118-00032706-00032930 little bit earlier I'll find out who the
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00119-00032931-00033173 presenter is so for example Matthew huh
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00120-00033174-00033398 clack I'll search for him
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00121-00033399-00033617 I'll find a picture of him I'll draw the
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00122-00033618-00033812 name of the talk as well as maybe a
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00123-00033813-00034370 little doodle of what they look like
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00124-00034371-00034708 got some titles there to choose from and
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00125-00034709-00035105 then I will sketch note what the talk is
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00126-00035106-00035644 about from start to finish
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00127-00035645-00035906 one thing and especially initially when
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00128-00035907-00036041 you start sketchnoting your for your
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00129-00036042-00036335 sketchnoting in on a new topic you may
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00130-00036336-00036545 not know what to draw as an image which
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00131-00036546-00036818 is perfectly fine so what I typically do
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00132-00036819-00037028 and I still do this on a regular basis
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00133-00037029-00037283 all I'll cert to a Google image search
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00134-00037284-00037823 for what I would like to draw so for
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00135-00037824-00038117 example if I wanted to draw a laptop um
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00136-00038118-00038411 I would do a google image search for a
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00137-00038412-00038654 laptop icon and it's important to put
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00138-00038655-00038795 the icon there because that'll give you
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00139-00038796-00039035 a simple drawing and as you can see on
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00140-00039036-00039245 the right I found a laptop that is
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00141-00039246-00039443 similar that I would like to draw and
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00142-00039444-00039713 here's my drawing of the laptop and you
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00143-00039714-00039944 could use that for not just laptops of
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00144-00039945-00040157 course but I could do a search for car
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00145-00040158-00040550 icon or light bulb icon so here's some
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00146-00040551-00040789 different types of sketchnote layouts
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00147-00040790-00041036 one is linear maybe with a couple of
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00148-00041037-00041306 columns another one that I use quite a
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00149-00041307-00041477 bit as radial so you got the central
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00150-00041478-00041663 theme or topic with little bubbles on
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00151-00041664-00041855 the outside another one that I use a lot
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00152-00041856-00042107 is vertical path is another one I
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00153-00042108-00042311 typically like and you have modular
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00154-00042312-00042566 skyscraper and popcorn I typically use
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00155-00042567-00042776 radial vertical and path but that is
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00156-00042777-00043040 just me you can use whatever works best
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00157-00043041-00043265 for you or what feels good it's time to
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00158-00043266-00043664 get hands-on now below this or in the in
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00159-00043665-00043865 the show notes I'll have links to the
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00160-00043866-00044306 hands-on exercises you can do enjoy have
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00161-00044307-00044549 some fun and I'd love to see what you've
+sKNG0K5Y_5g-00162-00044550-00044843 been able to draw today
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00000-00000111-00000719 [Music]
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00001-00000720-00001015 hello guys i'm sonia from exotrend media
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00002-00001016-00001119 team
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00003-00001120-00001423 as you know we have exo's come back
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00004-00001424-00001807 in 7th june these days everyone tries to
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00005-00001807-00001959 analyze
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00006-00001960-00002199 excess photo desires and videos hit
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00007-00002200-00002295 theirs
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00008-00002296-00002655 so i decide to share some of my analysis
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00009-00002656-00002855 with you
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00010-00002856-00003063 well for watching more videos please
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00011-00003064-00003295 subscribe our youtube channel
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00012-00003296-00003759 and please don't share them anywhere
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00013-00003760-00004159 number one power music video
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00014-00004160-00004415 as you know power music video is so
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00015-00004416-00004606 important but bacon
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00016-00004607-00004870 didn't appear in a whole sense in this
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00017-00004871-00005054 music video
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00018-00005055-00005454 except one look seven percent
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00019-00005455-00005767 seven percent and again seven percent
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00020-00005768-00006175 so where is begg as you can see
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00021-00006176-00006414 when the all members using their new
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00022-00006415-00007063 powers kai is teleporting too
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00023-00007064-00007974 but we hear some unclear noises
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00024-00007975-00008303 and listen this voice
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00025-00008304-00008703 from the real wiki and the help so
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00026-00008704-00008927 is the bacon who appeared in the last
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00027-00008928-00009263 second is the egg speculum
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00028-00009264-00009503 then we see beccoon who falls into the
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00029-00009504-00009599 ocean
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00030-00009600-00010287 maybe is the real bacon
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00031-00010288-00010671 now look at this we in the um
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00032-00010672-00011055 in the spoiler video we sell bacon
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00033-00011056-00011351 and with the same hair color and same
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00034-00011352-00011391 hair
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00035-00011392-00012270 style like the last seconds of power
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00036-00012271-00012559 so let's get back to the first seconds
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00037-00012560-00013055 of power
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00038-00013056-00013455 here two members are standing far away
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00039-00013456-00013951 from other members are these two members
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00040-00013952-00014422 lay and bacon
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00041-00014423-00014679 first i want to show you the sense of
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00042-00014680-00014815 horror music video
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00043-00014816-00015483 and please stay with me to tell you the
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00044-00015484-00015943 rest
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00045-00015944-00016271 okay now let's go to the nana music
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00046-00016272-00016711 video from lei
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00047-00016712-00016999 in the power music video when the bacon
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00048-00017000-00017111 was lost
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00049-00017112-00017479 lay wasn't beside members
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00050-00017480-00017822 it means lay in banana start a trip with
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00051-00017823-00018183 sheep to find bacon and stopped
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00052-00018184-00018486 every bear to find information in the
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00053-00018487-00018847 first sense of now manana and we
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00054-00018848-00019175 receive the facts and we don't know
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00055-00019176-00019486 who sent it maybe kai
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00056-00019487-00019855 because as you see lay ship
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00057-00019856-00020263 stop to where kai was there
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00058-00020264-00020599 it means kai left
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00059-00020600-00020903 some signs or informations for
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00060-00020904-00021247 lay in the facts so
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00061-00021248-00021607 lei put the map into the box and taro
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00062-00021608-00021927 into the ocean for vacuum
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00063-00021928-00022311 but bacon he couldn't find this box
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00064-00022312-00022447 because
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00065-00022448-00022999 he was stuck in another world
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00066-00023000-00023375 and he continuously moved through
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00067-00023376-00023847 unreal worlds like this
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00068-00023848-00024214 but pecune is so smart he always
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00069-00024215-00024591 left some clues or signs for other
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00070-00024592-00024719 members to find
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00071-00024720-00025183 him well the original bacon is a very
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00072-00025184-00025278 clever
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00073-00025279-00025614 you know that the world within him
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00074-00025616-00025918 is not real but they took
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00075-00025919-00026287 his power from him so when he gets
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00076-00026288-00026751 lace leather uh only thing he can do
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00077-00026752-00027055 is to sing bombing
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00078-00027056-00027390 and no one will notice so
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00079-00027391-00027799 why bummi bumby's mother
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00080-00027800-00028183 is killed by the enters and he gets lost
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00081-00028183-00028343 in the woods
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00082-00028344-00028695 full of wild animals
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00083-00028695-00028951 throughout the whole story bumpy makes
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00084-00028952-00029127 friends with many animals
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00085-00029127-00029487 and learns some skills to
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00086-00029488-00030014 living in the woods
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00087-00030016-00030343 so friends
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00088-00030344-00030687 that's right lei found
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00089-00030688-00031023 becomes clouds and he made himself
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00090-00031024-00031407 look like vacuum lay uh recognized the
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00091-00031408-00031470 closest
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00092-00031472-00031855 pig has shown him and he's there
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00093-00031856-00032199 antalya's around him is in
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00094-00032200-00032574 vacuum's glasses too
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00095-00032575-00032862 so he tried dance with them and get
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00096-00032863-00033262 along
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00097-00033263-00033695 they are the same peoples
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00098-00033696-00034095 uh if you look uh carefully uh you
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00099-00034096-00034462 you'll see uh he's kinda
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00100-00034463-00034911 worried and uh searching for someone
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00101-00034912-00035462 yeah you can see
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00102-00035463-00035830 now lei found becky's
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00103-00035831-00036127 approximate location and has danced
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00104-00036128-00036271 endlessly
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00105-00036272-00036711 uh so no one could adopt him
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00106-00036712-00037071 but still he doesn't know
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00107-00037072-00037374 how to enter the other world
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00108-00037375-00037830 so he received a new box which leads him
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00109-00037831-00038383 to new address that place
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00110-00038384-00038718 and the lay find a gate
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00111-00038719-00039223 in this address
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00112-00039224-00039615 lays out the dragon as soon as
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00113-00039616-00039967 he interred the another word
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00114-00039968-00040390 you know lei uh wakes the dragon up
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00115-00040391-00041095 in the music video lit
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00116-00041096-00041495 now uh let's look at the
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00117-00041496-00041855 some of exo's ninth anniversary
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00118-00041856-00042311 goods dreamcatchers
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00119-00042312-00042630 a memory charm and the mug
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00120-00042631-00042974 with the aurora design and
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00121-00042975-00043295 baekhyun's tag
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00122-00043296-00043695 and look at this bacon collections
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00123-00043696-00043999 rainbow well
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00124-00044000-00044318 we saw that lay passed through
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00125-00044319-00044790 the right gate and entered the
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00126-00044791-00045207 enter into another word
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00127-00045208-00045567 here we have a lay who's having a
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00128-00045568-00045711 nightmares
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00129-00045712-00046190 and uh there are a lot of bugs
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00130-00046191-00046702 with him that he doesn't know
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00131-00046703-00047086 which box is a right one
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00132-00047087-00047439 some things happen that makes the old
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00133-00047440-00047630 box draw out
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00134-00047631-00048039 and just one left the main box
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00135-00048040-00048590 contains the orb ball
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00136-00048591-00048967 unlikely that if this senses
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00137-00048968-00049351 related to the exos anniversary goods
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00138-00049352-00049695 so there
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00139-00049696-00050151 you can see the future with the orb
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00140-00050152-00050535 he sees a mark with aurora design
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00141-00050536-00050935 and vacuum stack it goes
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00142-00050936-00051382 where the aurora borderlizes
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00143-00051383-00051782 look at the sky
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00144-00051783-00052119 and wait there to find the rainbow
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00145-00052120-00052535 who's rainbow
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00146-00052536-00052942 so far the story everything fine
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00147-00052944-00053303 until the ship we saw in the
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00148-00053304-00053623 beginning show up and
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00149-00053624-00053966 we don't know is the ship belongs to lei
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00150-00053967-00054287 or uh or is that exo
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00151-00054288-00054711 coming for the help him uh
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00152-00054712-00055166 or or the red force is coming to stop
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00153-00055167-00055663 him anyway we don't know
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00154-00055664-00056047 this uh well uh
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00155-00056048-00056391 in the first of this video i showed you
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00156-00056391-00056823 the sins of power music video
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00157-00056824-00057254 uh let's get watch with them
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00158-00057255-00057623 you remember this who saved them
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00159-00057624-00057926 uh in the last moment
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00160-00057927-00058247 chen next
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00161-00058248-00058559 uh do you remember that parks was
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00162-00058560-00058638 received
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00163-00058639-00058999 by lei and he found the
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00164-00059000-00059335 gate the gate was a
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00165-00059336-00059663 butterfly cocoon maybe it was
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00166-00059664-00060142 a game change job and how about this one
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00167-00060144-00060511 what caused all the wrong box to dropped
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00168-00060512-00061454 off thunder chan
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00169-00061455-00061782 okay thank you for watching this video
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00170-00061783-00061879 and
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00171-00061879-00062247 thank you for being with me so far
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00172-00062248-00062687 uh please wait for the next part
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00173-00062688-00063087 and comment your opinions i'm sonia
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00174-00063088-00063391 and this is the social media team see
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00175-00063391-00063938 you soon
+sMC9VhfqIVy-00176-00063939-00064239 bye
+sNUwIbgEGpE-00000-00000014-00000323 the first World Food conference was held
+sNUwIbgEGpE-00001-00000324-00000665 in Rome in 1974 by the United Nations
+sNUwIbgEGpE-00002-00000666-00000961 under the auspices of the UN Food and
+sNUwIbgEGpE-00003-00000963-00001291 Agriculture Organization FAO in the wake
+sNUwIbgEGpE-00004-00001292-00001537 of the devastating famine in Bangladesh
+sNUwIbgEGpE-00005-00001538-00001909 in the preceding two years perhaps the
+sNUwIbgEGpE-00006-00001910-00002092 most famous statement made at the
+sNUwIbgEGpE-00007-00002093-00002443 conference was by then US Secretary of
+sNUwIbgEGpE-00008-00002444-00002663 State Henry Kissinger who made the
+sNUwIbgEGpE-00009-00002664-00002897 declaration that within ten years no
+sNUwIbgEGpE-00010-00002898-00003226 child would go to bed hungry while this
+sNUwIbgEGpE-00011-00003227-00003500 bold declaration was in no way fulfilled
+sNUwIbgEGpE-00012-00003501-00003718 it did galvanize public attention
+sNUwIbgEGpE-00013-00003719-00003977 stimulate debate and Studies on the
+sNUwIbgEGpE-00014-00003978-00004310 feasibility of such a goal in the
+sNUwIbgEGpE-00015-00004311-00004586 Universal Declaration on the eradication
+sNUwIbgEGpE-00016-00004587-00004831 of hunger and malnutrition governments
+sNUwIbgEGpE-00017-00004832-00005027 attending the World Food Conference
+sNUwIbgEGpE-00018-00005028-00005315 proclaimed that every man woman and
+sNUwIbgEGpE-00019-00005316-00005585 child has the inalienable right to be
+sNUwIbgEGpE-00020-00005586-00005836 free from hunger and malnutrition in
+sNUwIbgEGpE-00021-00005837-00006061 order to develop their physical and
+sNUwIbgEGpE-00022-00006062-00006283 mental faculties
+sNUwIbgEGpE-00023-00006284-00006568 among other outcomes the conference put
+sNUwIbgEGpE-00024-00006569-00006775 in place a world food council
+sNUwIbgEGpE-00025-00006776-00007012 subsequently disbanded and led to
+sNUwIbgEGpE-00026-00007013-00007592 follow-up world food conferences
+sNUwIbgEGpE-00027-00007593-00007756 you
+sNUwIbgEGpE-00028-00007756-00008629 topic see also right to food World Food
+sNUwIbgEGpE-00029-00008630-00008863 Summit
+sp79_bgVp1Y-00000-00000006-00000241 the approach I'm going to take is to
+sp79_bgVp1Y-00001-00000242-00000473 start with the first equation and solve
+sp79_bgVp1Y-00002-00000474-00001043 for ax so to solve for ax I need to
+sp79_bgVp1Y-00003-00001044-00001312 start by getting the X term by itself so
+sp79_bgVp1Y-00004-00001313-00001586 I'm going to subtract the 3y over now
+sp79_bgVp1Y-00005-00001587-00001964 I'm going to divide by two and thus X is
+sp79_bgVp1Y-00006-00001964-00002687 solve for now I just need to take that
+sp79_bgVp1Y-00007-00002688-00002888 and plug it into the second equation for
+sp79_bgVp1Y-00008-00002889-00003872 x
+sp79_bgVp1Y-00009-00003872-00004132 now why is the only variable in that
+sp79_bgVp1Y-00010-00004133-00004352 equation so I just need to solve for y
+sp79_bgVp1Y-00011-00004353-00004954 so I need to start by combining like
+sp79_bgVp1Y-00012-00004955-00005254 terms getting constants to one side
+sp79_bgVp1Y-00013-00005255-00006010 variables to the other and after some
+sp79_bgVp1Y-00014-00006011-00006181 algebra I get y equal to negative
+sp79_bgVp1Y-00015-00006182-00006339 one-fifth
+sp79_bgVp1Y-00016-00006340-00006589 now I'm gonna plug that back in and
+sp79_bgVp1Y-00017-00006590-00007892 solve for x
+sp79_bgVp1Y-00018-00007893-00008223 and when I do that I also get X equal to
+sp79_bgVp1Y-00019-00008224-00008789 negative one-fifth so the ordered pair
+sp79_bgVp1Y-00020-00008790-00008924 solution is going to be negative
+sp79_bgVp1Y-00021-00008925-00009134 one-fifth comma negative one-fifth and
+sp79_bgVp1Y-00022-00009135-00010085 the graph will be provided
+sp79_bgVp1Y-00023-00010086-00010292 you
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00000-00000343-00000902 one minute left
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00001-00000903-00001143 suppressed nades man suppressed nates
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00002-00001144-00001311 everybody will have these
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00003-00001312-00001647 not just titans not just warlocks not
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00004-00001648-00001839 just hunters but everybody let's talk
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00005-00001839-00001982 about how to prepare for crucible in the
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00006-00001984-00002271 next season kind of update slash dlc
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00007-00002272-00002510 such whatever before i get right into
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00008-00002511-00002734 that i actually stream on weekends uh
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00009-00002735-00002991 twice a weekend or yeah and i drop chick
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00010-00002992-00003166 talks at least once a week so if you
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00011-00003167-00003335 want to go check out my other content by
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00012-00003336-00003463 all means
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00013-00003464-00003663 go hit the link right right here you
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00014-00003664-00003951 know it's like right in this box
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00015-00003952-00004095 number one
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00016-00004096-00004327 of the tips and tricks with crucible
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00017-00004328-00004622 flips whatever uh focus on fixing your
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00018-00004623-00004886 settings and your buttons because it's
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00019-00004887-00005022 you're gonna fumble something's gonna
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00020-00005023-00005254 happen what you wanna do is first of all
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00021-00005255-00005447 before anything
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00022-00005448-00005631 it's like the pre-step before step one
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00023-00005632-00005806 turn off vibration vibration mess ups
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00024-00005807-00006031 your shots mess up your aim
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00025-00006032-00006175 and there's things that have explosive
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00026-00006176-00006318 payload in the game just don't even
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00027-00006319-00006439 don't even rock with it that's kind of
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00028-00006440-00006719 bars low key anyways uh number
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00029-00006720-00006951 one officially focus on fixing your
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00030-00006952-00007175 settings find your right sensitivity
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00031-00007176-00007383 find your right ads once you find those
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00032-00007384-00007687 two you'll be straight you're good
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00033-00007688-00008023 number two what class do you play psych
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00034-00008023-00008119 you thought you thought i was actually
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00035-00008120-00008359 gonna focus on a classy play nah
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00036-00008360-00008487 it everybody plays differently it
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00037-00008488-00008687 doesn't matter so
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00038-00008688-00008895 how do you play that's what i'm asked
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00039-00008896-00009046 you play eight are you a shotgun eight
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00040-00009047-00009223 bro do you just rush around are you a
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00041-00009224-00009391 sniper you're on a high on a you run
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00042-00009392-00009583 around with like a henchman
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00043-00009584-00009774 you're a cowboy bro like what do you do
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00044-00009775-00010039 you gotta build your class around this
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00045-00010040-00010151 and if you want to be the fastest
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00046-00010152-00010406 warlock alive bro go ahead and do that
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00047-00010407-00010574 number three
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00048-00010575-00010838 the grinds um in this game there's a lot
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00049-00010839-00011006 to grind for i mean there's guns there's
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00050-00011007-00011206 mods there's shaders and sometimes
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00051-00011207-00011374 people grind for emblems if we're being
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00052-00011375-00011599 honest so don't get discouraged by bad
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00053-00011600-00011870 luck it happens every time it happens
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00054-00011871-00012167 you know but say if you do get a lot of
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00055-00012168-00012383 bad luck back to back to back you'll get
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00056-00012384-00012487 something
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00057-00012488-00012695 or you know you could go outside
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00058-00012696-00012871 enjoy the air
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00059-00012872-00013063 you know you know just smell the flowers
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00060-00013063-00013286 smell the psych nah get back on the game
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00061-00013287-00013422 get back on the game there's no no
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00062-00013423-00013551 smelling on the roses nope keep back
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00063-00013552-00013758 grinding never stop grinding it's always
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00064-00013759-00013951 a grind bro
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00065-00013952-00014119 the only way to combat suppressed
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00066-00014119-00014247 grenades
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00067-00014247-00014383 it's just to use them bro everybody's
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00068-00014384-00014494 going to have them what are you going to
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00069-00014495-00014655 do you're going to sit there
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00070-00014656-00014766 i mean you might as well if you're not
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00071-00014768-00014863 running suppressed grenades that's
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00072-00014863-00015158 really it that's wraps
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00073-00015159-00015366 that's all i got that was frost 4 tips
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00074-00015368-00015566 for crucible good luck out there don't
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00075-00015568-00015719 forget about the streams bro y'all
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00076-00015719-00015871 better pull up man i'm telling you
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00077-00015872-00016038 they're fire streams we're gonna be
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00078-00016040-00016263 playing witch queen day one so if y'all
+sRAIDzf-Gw8-00079-00016263-00016651 ready for that pull up
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00000-00000000-00000179 hello everyone should look pretty one
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00001-00000180-00000455 here and welcome back happy New Year
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00002-00000456-00000701 everybody and we are officially starting
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00003-00000702-00001025 off 2023 with Good Vibes today we're
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00004-00001026-00001295 going to be doing a let's play kind of
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00005-00001296-00001523 not really but we're going to be doing a
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00006-00001524-00001787 tarot card reading to see what my 2023
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00007-00001788-00001948 is going to look like what I actually
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00008-00001950-00002207 believe in tarot card readings but I
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00009-00002208-00002345 actually thought it'd be kind of fun to
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00010-00002346-00002549 go to a website and see what it says and
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00011-00002550-00002741 what my year is going to look like so
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00012-00002742-00002891 and I thought I'd share it with you guys
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00013-00002892-00003118 so let's get started
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00014-00003119-00003527 so lt's world famous Universal six card
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00015-00003528-00003922 spread so let's do it let's figure out
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00016-00003923-00004277 oh that was fancy okay so what cards am
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00017-00004278-00005063 I inviting with
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00018-00005064-00005429 just to make it more fun let's
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00019-00005430-00005681 do one with my eyes closed I guess you
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00020-00005682-00005818 guys will see the screen but I'm
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00021-00005819-00006167 actually gonna close my eyes
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00022-00006168-00006395 one
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00023-00006396-00006803 to
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00024-00006804-00006995 three
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00025-00006995-00007169 four
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00026-00007170-00007342 five
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00027-00007343-00007481 six
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00028-00007481-00008087 I click the same cards twice
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00029-00008088-00008363 there we go we did it hard one is how
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00030-00008364-00008573 you feel about yourself and I got the
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00031-00008574-00008723 magician
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00032-00008724-00008921 you feel a sense of purpose and The
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00033-00008922-00009364 Willpower to get things done
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00034-00009365-00009599 self-improvement is the key word here
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00035-00009600-00009910 any new Enterprise in love or career
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00036-00009911-00010169 show great potential you feel that you
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00037-00010170-00010337 have the ability to think on your feet
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00038-00010338-00010535 the appearance of the magician is an
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00039-00010536-00010769 excellent Omen of success time to
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00040-00010770-00011063 believe in yourself and go for it that's
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00041-00011064-00011206 kind of a cute one I really like that I
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00042-00011207-00011495 don't know why this card symbolized as a
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00043-00011496-00011681 magician he's got like an infinity sign
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00044-00011682-00011956 there and he's holding a stick over like
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00045-00011957-00012167 an altar so and I'm not it looks like a
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00046-00012168-00012317 Photoshop celebrity or like a
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00047-00012318-00012460 bodybuilder so I don't know what the
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00048-00012461-00012664 magician part is coming from next one
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00049-00012665-00013133 what you want most right now
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00050-00013134-00013379 The High Priestess
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00051-00013380-00013655 the cards suggest that you what you want
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00052-00013656-00013901 most at this time for a secret to be
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00053-00013902-00014153 revealed a secret held deep within
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00054-00014154-00014453 yourself or another go within and listen
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00055-00014454-00014669 to the still small voice of your heart
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00056-00014669-00014980 in instincts the appearance of the high
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00057-00014981-00015215 priestess tells you that the power of
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00058-00015216-00015553 divine feminine feminine is within you
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00059-00015554-00015736 trust it
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00060-00015737-00015965 I don't really know what that means if
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00061-00015966-00016103 someone wants to let me know what that's
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00062-00016104-00016313 supposed to like mean because I guess I
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00063-00016313-00016558 don't really totally get that one
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00064-00016559-00016715 um I get the secret part so maybe
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00065-00016716-00016865 there's something this year that's going
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00066-00016866-00017122 to be revealed to me that I haven't
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00067-00017123-00017380 really thought about maybe
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00068-00017381-00017585 but I don't really understand the rest
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00069-00017586-00017836 of it where it's like my feminine power
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00070-00017837-00017999 will come in that that one doesn't make
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00071-00018000-00018311 a lot of sense to me temperance you're
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00072-00018312-00018544 afraid that this period of Harmony in
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00073-00018545-00018779 your relationship or life is in general
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00074-00018780-00018989 is not going to last oh my gosh if
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00075-00018990-00019150 that's not freaking me I don't know what
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00076-00019151-00019444 is perhaps you fear that a rival is
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00077-00019445-00019644 going to cause conflict or already has
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00078-00019645-00019871 threatening to have set the peace and
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00079-00019872-00020111 Tranquility you are enjoying any
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00080-00020112-00020327 quarrels will be short-lived so just try
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00081-00020328-00020543 and enjoy the moment for what it is
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00082-00020544-00020813 if life is not joyful in the moment you
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00083-00020814-00021053 may fear that it will never be take
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00084-00021054-00021286 heart and be patient and life will soon
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00085-00021287-00021575 have a sense of normalcy again that is
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00086-00021576-00021736 really beautiful so that's a really
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00087-00021737-00021958 beautiful thing to hear that
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00088-00021959-00022193 maybe that's one of my biggest fears for
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00089-00022194-00022403 the next year and you know the year to
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00090-00022404-00022607 come and I really need to be able to
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00091-00022608-00022841 stop and enjoy the moment so and that's
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00092-00022842-00023039 also on my vision board is too because I
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00093-00023040-00023213 get so caught up with my phone anymore
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00094-00023214-00023447 that I need to put down my phone and
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00095-00023448-00023650 really be present and in the moment and
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00096-00023651-00023897 enjoy and not always worry about what
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00097-00023898-00024094 what's the worst that can happen first
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00098-00024095-00024461 oh I like that picture what's she doing
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00099-00024462-00024671 I don't know
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00100-00024672-00024886 your self-confidence and courageous
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00101-00024887-00025114 spirit is Unstoppable at the moment be
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00102-00025115-00025249 patient and compassionate
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00103-00025250-00025486 self-disciplined and strong you will
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00104-00025487-00025687 reap great rewards for your courage
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00105-00025688-00025996 that's cute okay
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00106-00025997-00026225 card number six this is the final card
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00107-00026226-00026518 and this looks really
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00108-00026519-00026687 interesting it looks kind of like an
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00109-00026688-00026974 Adam and Eve thing the lovers love is
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00110-00026975-00027179 coming into your life even if you really
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00111-00027180-00027395 can't see where from it this time on
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00112-00027395-00027593 your own a new lover will soon enter
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00113-00027594-00027820 your life if you're in an unhappy
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00114-00027822-00028031 relationship you have to make a choice
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00115-00028032-00028283 you have a choice to make go with your
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00116-00028283-00028505 heart take the risk greater happiness is
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00117-00028506-00028733 ahead of you I don't know I mean like I
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00118-00028733-00028967 said I I kind of don't know that I
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00119-00028968-00029279 totally resonate with a lot of these but
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00120-00029280-00029531 they're kind of fun to see how accurate
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00121-00029532-00029662 they are
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00122-00029663-00029908 like with the Consciousness and the
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00123-00029910-00030185 bravery and the fears
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00124-00030186-00030370 you know and maybe how I feel about
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00125-00030372-00030562 myself and all that kind of stuff so
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00126-00030563-00030767 that was kind of fun it was kind of a
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00127-00030768-00030970 short one but what are your guys's
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00128-00030972-00031162 resolutions for the year what are you
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00129-00031163-00031307 guys planning on doing for the new year
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00130-00031308-00031499 are you having any changes are you
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00131-00031500-00031655 thinking of any cool goals that you
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00132-00031656-00031852 really want to try out for and hey let
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00133-00031854-00032014 me know Down Below in the comments if
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00134-00032016-00032158 you guys try the tarot card reading
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00135-00032160-00032333 what's your year look like and I'll see
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00136-00032333-00032687 you guys next time and stay awesome bye
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00137-00032688-00032737 guys
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00138-00032738-00033326 [Music]
+sRLgLl9lEIk-00139-00033327-00033576 [Music]
+sRY4fzd4k2E-00000-00000064-00000338 bioscience biotechnology and
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+sRY4fzd4k2E-00002-00000610-00000828 scientific journal published by the
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+sRY4fzd4k2E-00007-00001873-00002134 Agricultural Chemical Society of Japan
+sRY4fzd4k2E-00008-00002135-00002344 which was renamed to agriculture and
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+sRY4fzd4k2E-00017-00005325-00005647 in addition articles cover basic and
+sRY4fzd4k2E-00018-00005648-00005815 Applied Sciences regarding
+sRY4fzd4k2E-00019-00005816-00006017 microorganisms including systems
+sRY4fzd4k2E-00020-00006018-00006209 supporting their production and
+sRY4fzd4k2E-00021-00006210-00006488 structure broad topical coverage
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+sRY4fzd4k2E-00025-00007284-00007592 science microbiology including virology
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+sRY4fzd4k2E-00028-00008072-00008291 research applications are directed
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+sRY4fzd4k2E-00039-00011575-00011829 citation reports it has an impact factor
+sRY4fzd4k2E-00040-00011830-00012375 of 106 3 for 2014
+sVA3uYAPMjc-00000-00000043-00000335 this video will show you how to add X
+sVA3uYAPMjc-00001-00000336-00000572 goes to your PowerPoint presentation to
+sVA3uYAPMjc-00002-00000573-00000802 make it more interesting the three
+sVA3uYAPMjc-00003-00000803-00001036 extras that you're going to add our
+sVA3uYAPMjc-00004-00001037-00001453 transitions and image and a link to a
+sVA3uYAPMjc-00005-00001454-00001847 website the first thing you're going to
+sVA3uYAPMjc-00006-00001848-00002372 add is a transition so go up to the
+sVA3uYAPMjc-00007-00002373-00002699 toolbar and click on transitions there
+sVA3uYAPMjc-00008-00002700-00003113 are different transitions if you click
+sVA3uYAPMjc-00009-00003114-00003418 on the down arrow there are more options
+sVA3uYAPMjc-00010-00003419-00003653 but remember that you want your
+sVA3uYAPMjc-00011-00003654-00003845 PowerPoint presentation to be
+sVA3uYAPMjc-00012-00003846-00004229 interesting but not too confusing so I'm
+sVA3uYAPMjc-00013-00004230-00004610 going to choose wipe if you click on
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+sVA3uYAPMjc-00021-00006870-00007171 on every slide if you want to preview it
+sVA3uYAPMjc-00022-00007172-00007406 go up to the top left and click on
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+sVA3uYAPMjc-00025-00008334-00008582 going to add is an image i'm going to
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+sVA3uYAPMjc-00027-00009261-00009437 going to open the internet and go to
+sVA3uYAPMjc-00028-00009438-00009742 flickr and i'm going to search for a
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+sVA3uYAPMjc-00030-00010457-00010691 license I need to change it to Creative
+sVA3uYAPMjc-00031-00010692-00011030 Commons only and there are many pictures
+sVA3uYAPMjc-00032-00011031-00011260 of nurses and nursing assistants like
+sVA3uYAPMjc-00033-00011261-00011521 this one so I'm going to click on this
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+sVA3uYAPMjc-00040-00013347-00013640 coffee and then I go back to my
+sVA3uYAPMjc-00041-00013641-00013925 powerpoint presentation I right click
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+sVA3uYAPMjc-00048-00016329-00016496 attribution ready so I'm going to
+sVA3uYAPMjc-00049-00016497-00016877 right-click copy go back to powerpoint
+sVA3uYAPMjc-00050-00016878-00017318 right click paste you can move this
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+sVA3uYAPMjc-00059-00020592-00020924 going to go to the internet again and
+sVA3uYAPMjc-00060-00020925-00021296 I'm going to go to the website where i
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+sVA3uYAPMjc-00063-00022158-00022586 coffee go back to my powerpoint right
+sVA3uYAPMjc-00064-00022587-00023066 click paste and i hit image i hit enter
+sVA3uYAPMjc-00065-00023067-00023537 and i have my link so now i've added
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+sVA3uYAPMjc-00074-00025752-00025969 I'm going to click on the link to make
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+sVA3uYAPMjc-00077-00026586-00026861 back to my powerpoint slide I'm going to
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+sVA3uYAPMjc-00080-00027350-00027668 remember to save your work by clicking
+sVA3uYAPMjc-00081-00027669-00028031 on the small disc or click on file save
+sVA3uYAPMjc-00082-00028032-00028445 and that is how you add extras to make
+sVA3uYAPMjc-00083-00028445-00028622 your PowerPoint presentation more
+sVA3uYAPMjc-00084-00028623-00028883 interesting
+sWa7xYDujqu-00000-00000035-00000430 why are you sad
+sWa7xYDujqu-00001-00000431-00000695 um
+sWa7xYDujqu-00002-00000696-00000952 she did not
+sWa7xYDujqu-00003-00000953-00001108 she left us
+sWa7xYDujqu-00004-00001109-00001660 oh uh
+sWa7xYDujqu-00005-00001661-00001960 okay hello loser fruit that was one of
+sWa7xYDujqu-00006-00001961-00002345 your funniest moments ever
+sWa7xYDujqu-00007-00002346-00002459 thank you
+sWa7xYDujqu-00008-00002460-00002860 for your service
+sWa7xYDujqu-00009-00002861-00003065 why would you say why are you sad after
+sWa7xYDujqu-00010-00003066-00003274 calling me a [__] like is it not
+sWa7xYDujqu-00011-00003275-00003520 self-explanatory
+sWa7xYDujqu-00012-00003521-00003701 you're a very lovely person and I love
+sWa7xYDujqu-00013-00003702-00003959 you that's why we're friends
+sWa7xYDujqu-00014-00003960-00004235 that made me sad too you don't know want
+sWa7xYDujqu-00015-00004236-00004463 to know why I win with you do you want
+sWa7xYDujqu-00016-00004464-00004631 to know why I'm friends with you too
+sWa7xYDujqu-00017-00004632-00004951 here we go here we go
+sWa7xYDujqu-00018-00004952-00005170 no never mind
+sWa7xYDujqu-00019-00005171-00005470 I'm here for it I'm waiting no no never
+sWa7xYDujqu-00020-00005471-00005729 mind no tell me why are we friends no go
+sWa7xYDujqu-00021-00005730-00005891 [__] yourself
+sWa7xYDujqu-00022-00005892-00006215 I will expose your secret
+sWa7xYDujqu-00023-00006216-00006413 I have any cigarettes bro
+sWa7xYDujqu-00024-00006414-00006646 it's your big ass
+sWa7xYDujqu-00025-00006647-00006869 you're friends with me for my
+sWa7xYDujqu-00026-00006870-00007205 yeah so much and obviously fruity as
+sWa7xYDujqu-00027-00007206-00007631 well
+sWa7xYDujqu-00028-00007631-00007834 because she's still little
+sWa7xYDujqu-00029-00007836-00008092 keep forgetting is that you is that
+sWa7xYDujqu-00030-00008093-00008339 supposed to be a big
+sWa7xYDujqu-00031-00008340-00008489 they are my big
+sWa7xYDujqu-00032-00008490-00008614 you know they're supposed to be they're
+sWa7xYDujqu-00033-00008615-00008927 big
+sWa7xYDujqu-00034-00008928-00009101 that's what I meant but I'm like an
+sWa7xYDujqu-00035-00009102-00009180 hourglass shape
+sWa7xYDujqu-00036-00009181-00009299 [Music]
+sWa7xYDujqu-00037-00009300-00009545 because you actually are dude now there
+sWa7xYDujqu-00038-00009546-00009755 is a Tinkerbell outfit in this I love
+sWa7xYDujqu-00039-00009756-00009935 how Marcus to begin with was like oh my
+sWa7xYDujqu-00040-00009936-00010156 God she's so cute
+sWa7xYDujqu-00041-00010157-00010342 thanks it was like literally cute wait
+sWa7xYDujqu-00042-00010343-00010517 for it you want to Tinkerbell outfit yay
+sWa7xYDujqu-00043-00010518-00010655 or no
+sWa7xYDujqu-00044-00010656-00010889 sure
+sWa7xYDujqu-00045-00010890-00010996 um actually don't know if that's gonna
+sWa7xYDujqu-00046-00010997-00011256 work
+sWa7xYDujqu-00047-00011257-00011603 she's ready look at her
+sWa7xYDujqu-00048-00011604-00011903 you are all dancers now and fruity
+sWa7xYDujqu-00049-00011904-00012149 dancers and tana is doing a Gary just
+sWa7xYDujqu-00050-00012150-00012545 watching
+sWa7xYDujqu-00051-00012546-00012719 I'm waiting
+sWa7xYDujqu-00052-00012720-00012910 it's too like
+sWa7xYDujqu-00053-00012911-00013277 that doesn't work though it is so cute
+sWa7xYDujqu-00054-00013278-00013666 though that's adorable
+sWa7xYDujqu-00055-00013668-00013925 yeah like her body it's weird that's a
+sWa7xYDujqu-00056-00013926-00014155 weird
+sWa7xYDujqu-00057-00014156-00014527 I believe the wings need to go
+sWa7xYDujqu-00058-00014528-00014993 well this was so much fun yeah
+sWa7xYDujqu-00059-00014994-00015388 but I'm tired I'm shattered
+sWa7xYDujqu-00060-00015390-00015725 oh yeah I'm fine like Sunday Monday
+sWa7xYDujqu-00061-00015726-00016043 comes and I'm just shocked dude the fact
+sWa7xYDujqu-00062-00016044-00016330 that I'm awake right now is
+sWa7xYDujqu-00063-00016331-00016511 surprising but you know what when I hang
+sWa7xYDujqu-00064-00016512-00016889 out with you guys things just
+sWa7xYDujqu-00065-00016890-00017122 I just oh I just don't want you guys
+sWa7xYDujqu-00066-00017123-00017471 hang out without me more so but
+sWa7xYDujqu-00067-00017472-00017705 dude fomo is real I have that too and
+sWa7xYDujqu-00068-00017706-00017897 I'm like if I'm busy I think you and I
+sWa7xYDujqu-00069-00017898-00018113 are so bad with it freezer who gives a
+sWa7xYDujqu-00070-00018114-00018311 [__] actually no we've hung out and
+sWa7xYDujqu-00071-00018312-00018503 calls while she's been streaming and
+sWa7xYDujqu-00072-00018504-00018665 she's like I don't like when you guys do
+sWa7xYDujqu-00073-00018666-00018839 this yeah but she'll always hide it
+sWa7xYDujqu-00074-00018840-00018971 because she doesn't think she thinks
+sWa7xYDujqu-00075-00018972-00019283 emotions are cringe
+sWa7xYDujqu-00076-00019284-00019427 how do you have nights out if you look
+sWa7xYDujqu-00077-00019428-00019672 tired at 10 45 espresso martinis lots of
+sWa7xYDujqu-00078-00019673-00019807 them
+sWa7xYDujqu-00079-00019808-00020111 and I and I'm an extroverted by like I'm
+sWa7xYDujqu-00080-00020112-00020243 I'm okay right now because I've got
+sWa7xYDujqu-00081-00020244-00020477 other people if I'm by myself it's a
+sWa7xYDujqu-00082-00020478-00020735 different story I can't stay awake but I
+sWa7xYDujqu-00083-00020736-00020872 thrive off those around me which when
+sWa7xYDujqu-00084-00020873-00020993 you're clubbing
+sWa7xYDujqu-00085-00020994-00021179 The Vibes are high which means my
+sWa7xYDujqu-00086-00021180-00021293 Energy's High
+sWa7xYDujqu-00087-00021294-00021425 um
+sWa7xYDujqu-00088-00021426-00021617 just ask me trying to talk and she's
+sWa7xYDujqu-00089-00021618-00021808 just enhances
+sWa7xYDujqu-00090-00021809-00022114 that's me at the club wait that's me at
+sWa7xYDujqu-00091-00022115-00022530 the club
+sWa7xYDujqu-00092-00022531-00022900 that's me that's me you have a little
+sWa7xYDujqu-00093-00022901-00023069 bit more range now I opened up your box
+sWa7xYDujqu-00094-00023070-00023422 a little bit more
+sWa7xYDujqu-00095-00023423-00024089 that's that's me at the club
+sWa7xYDujqu-00096-00024090-00024317 a white fruity
+sWa7xYDujqu-00097-00024318-00024707 can you keep dancing for me
+sWa7xYDujqu-00098-00024708-00025057 they're dancing
+sWa7xYDujqu-00099-00025058-00025414 are you putting music behind it yeah
+sWa7xYDujqu-00100-00025415-00025600 what song nothing just keep dancing
+sWa7xYDujqu-00101-00025601-00025781 stands
+sWa7xYDujqu-00102-00025782-00025943 why don't you know how to dance and beat
+sWa7xYDujqu-00103-00025944-00026896 with the song you're playing
+sWa7xYDujqu-00104-00026897-00027161 oh all right all right as much as I get
+sWa7xYDujqu-00105-00027162-00028007 phobia
+sWa7xYDujqu-00106-00028008-00028168 if you need a dancing girl in future
+sWa7xYDujqu-00107-00028169-00028924 streams I am there
+sWa7xYDujqu-00108-00028925-00029261 took an hour bro
+sWa7xYDujqu-00109-00029262-00029452 and he says do you want to talk to us to
+sWa7xYDujqu-00110-00029454-00029627 be honest
+sWa7xYDujqu-00111-00029627-00029783 I honestly that's the vibe I'm getting
+sWa7xYDujqu-00112-00029783-00029879 that she actually just didn't want to
+sWa7xYDujqu-00113-00029880-00029981 hang out with us she's just like you
+sWa7xYDujqu-00114-00029982-00030373 know where else it's for them
+sWa7xYDujqu-00115-00030374-00030599 I sent the song to Craig's probably why
+sWa7xYDujqu-00116-00030600-00030731 I was listening to it because he liked
+sWa7xYDujqu-00117-00030732-00030940 it
+sWa7xYDujqu-00118-00030941-00031187 all right ladies I love you I'm so tired
+sWa7xYDujqu-00119-00031188-00031277 today
+sWa7xYDujqu-00120-00031277-00031493 I'm like do I do I just play games or do
+sWa7xYDujqu-00121-00031494-00031685 I get off
+sWa7xYDujqu-00122-00031686-00031918 I don't know whatever makes you happy oh
+sWa7xYDujqu-00123-00031919-00032105 I want to play games but I'm also tired
+sWa7xYDujqu-00124-00032106-00032374 I'm in two heads at the moment
+sWa7xYDujqu-00125-00032375-00032662 you know what I'm saying brother
+sWa7xYDujqu-00126-00032663-00032896 what do you think I should do now you're
+sWa7xYDujqu-00127-00032897-00033071 gonna go to bed
+sWa7xYDujqu-00128-00033072-00033179 what do you mean what I think you should
+sWa7xYDujqu-00129-00033180-00033424 do you're going to bed
+sWa7xYDujqu-00130-00033425-00033587 maybe play games for a bit and see how
+sWa7xYDujqu-00131-00033588-00033774 you feel
+sWa7xYDujqu-00132-00033775-00034073 yeah that's Freddy's way of saying don't
+sWa7xYDujqu-00133-00034074-00034337 be a [__] the feet the butt the dance
+sWa7xYDujqu-00134-00034338-00034637 sing to more it makes me question my
+sWa7xYDujqu-00135-00034638-00034861 direction in life
+sWa7xYDujqu-00136-00034862-00035129 this woman is our friend where did I go
+sWa7xYDujqu-00137-00035130-00035471 wrong yeah and I seriously when she does
+sWa7xYDujqu-00138-00035472-00035639 [__] like this it makes me love and
+sWa7xYDujqu-00139-00035640-00035981 adore her even more this is true
+sWa7xYDujqu-00140-00035982-00036167 like I look at her and I'm like what but
+sWa7xYDujqu-00141-00036168-00036652 also like go fruity
+sWa7xYDujqu-00142-00036653-00036845 there's a little little you know
+sWa7xYDujqu-00143-00036846-00037168 figurine on my screen dancing
+sWa7xYDujqu-00144-00037169-00037379 it actually looks so good I've got a
+sWa7xYDujqu-00145-00037380-00037511 green screen somewhere we should do more
+sWa7xYDujqu-00146-00037512-00037739 [__] like this oh we should all pull up
+sWa7xYDujqu-00147-00037740-00037973 one day to a stream and then a green
+sWa7xYDujqu-00148-00037974-00038171 green screen it and all of us green
+sWa7xYDujqu-00149-00038172-00038411 screen and we'd all just you know
+sWa7xYDujqu-00150-00038412-00038639 like a black like we could put ourselves
+sWa7xYDujqu-00151-00038640-00039211 in anywhere yeah yeah yeah pick pick
+sWa7xYDujqu-00152-00039212-00039557 it's a good idea yeah
+sWa7xYDujqu-00153-00039558-00039857 okay bye chat ladies Bank said the
+sWa7xYDujqu-00154-00039858-00040133 entertainment and hanging out
+sWa7xYDujqu-00155-00040134-00040367 no Walkers Brady thanks for dancing for
+sWa7xYDujqu-00156-00040368-00040595 us yeah fruity we love you just send us
+sWa7xYDujqu-00157-00040596-00040985 the invoice later
+sWa7xYDujqu-00158-00040986-00041321 everyone say bye Tana buy fruity
+sWa7xYDujqu-00159-00041322-00041609 buy chat love you bye na lopia love you
+sWa7xYDujqu-00160-00041610-00041945 also bye fruity I love you so much oh my
+sWa7xYDujqu-00161-00041946-00042205 God I love you funny
+sWa7xYDujqu-00162-00042206-00042461 oh my God
+sWa7xYDujqu-00163-00042462-00042749 are you waiting for me to go fruity
+sWa7xYDujqu-00164-00042750-00042971 okay I love you
+sWa7xYDujqu-00165-00042972-00043637 bye fruity
+sWa7xYDujqu-00166-00043638-00043829 all right I'm going to completely change
+sWa7xYDujqu-00167-00043830-00044015 screens and everything so I don't know
+sWa7xYDujqu-00168-00044016-00044837 what's about to happen here
+sWa7xYDujqu-00169-00044838-00045761 I'm tired chat
+sWa7xYDujqu-00170-00045762-00046043 that was amazing that was like I'm at
+sWa7xYDujqu-00171-00046044-00046205 that point where I'm like anything is
+sWa7xYDujqu-00172-00046206-00046355 entertaining me at this stage you know
+sWa7xYDujqu-00173-00046356-00046451 what I mean
+sWa7xYDujqu-00174-00046452-00046787 oh crazy okay I'm gonna flip scenes hold
+sWa7xYDujqu-00175-00046788-00047849 up
+sWa7xYDujqu-00176-00047850-00048173 did that completely go off
+sWa7xYDujqu-00177-00048174-00048467 or did we reconnect I that that just I
+sWa7xYDujqu-00178-00048468-00048640 am having issues with OBS today they're
+sWa7xYDujqu-00179-00048641-00048940 just completely shut down oh it's stayed
+sWa7xYDujqu-00180-00048941-00049102 on let's go
+sWa7xYDujqu-00181-00049103-00049240 I'll come back I don't know what
+sWa7xYDujqu-00182-00049241-00049457 happened there it like completely shut
+sWa7xYDujqu-00183-00049458-00049607 shut off
+sWa7xYDujqu-00184-00049608-00050012 we good all right give me two seconds
+sYnExfypYHc-00000-00000003-00000191 in order to strategically engage in
+sYnExfypYHc-00001-00000192-00000473 policy and regulatory processes and to
+sYnExfypYHc-00002-00000474-00000755 effectively analyze system results it is
+sYnExfypYHc-00003-00000756-00000994 important to understand who is involved
+sYnExfypYHc-00004-00000996-00001283 at what stage and what their profiles
+sYnExfypYHc-00005-00001284-00001586 are in relation to you if you are able
+sYnExfypYHc-00006-00001587-00001805 to identify whose behavior needs to
+sYnExfypYHc-00007-00001805-00002026 change and how then you will be better
+sYnExfypYHc-00008-00002027-00002302 prepared to engage with them if you
+sYnExfypYHc-00009-00002303-00002527 understand them who they are what
+sYnExfypYHc-00010-00002528-00002752 motivates them and what the objectives
+sYnExfypYHc-00011-00002753-00002957 are you will be better prepared to
+sYnExfypYHc-00012-00002958-00003226 develop targeted messages and choose the
+sYnExfypYHc-00013-00003227-00003413 most effective way of communicating it
+sYnExfypYHc-00014-00003414-00003683 in terms of categorizing the actors
+sYnExfypYHc-00015-00003684-00004036 involved one could consider one we do
+sYnExfypYHc-00016-00004037-00004270 they stand in relation to you are there
+sYnExfypYHc-00017-00004271-00004502 within your sphere of influence control
+sYnExfypYHc-00018-00004503-00004835 or concern to who are they and what
+sYnExfypYHc-00019-00004836-00005075 relationship do you have are they allies
+sYnExfypYHc-00020-00005076-00005188 are adversaries
+sYnExfypYHc-00021-00005189-00005497 three are the influential and important
+sYnExfypYHc-00022-00005498-00005918 of interest and or knowledgeable let's
+sYnExfypYHc-00023-00005919-00006118 use this framework to help us map out
+sYnExfypYHc-00024-00006119-00006311 the different actors involved in data
+sYnExfypYHc-00025-00006312-00006547 intensive systems in a couple of the
+sYnExfypYHc-00026-00006548-00006848 areas we discussed earlier you can find
+sYnExfypYHc-00027-00006848-00007016 it in the resources section of this
+sYnExfypYHc-00028-00007017-00007306 lesson this is how you could assess the
+sYnExfypYHc-00029-00007308-00007564 actors involved in your sphere of
+sYnExfypYHc-00030-00007565-00007787 control you would have those with whom
+sYnExfypYHc-00031-00007788-00007970 you have some leverage to influence
+sYnExfypYHc-00032-00007970-00008210 their behavior such as consumer groups
+sYnExfypYHc-00033-00008211-00008477 other civil society organizations and
+sYnExfypYHc-00034-00008478-00008780 the media each of these is an ally who
+sYnExfypYHc-00035-00008781-00009005 has high interest in your work and could
+sYnExfypYHc-00036-00009006-00009206 support your efforts but may have
+sYnExfypYHc-00037-00009207-00009455 varying degrees of influence importance
+sYnExfypYHc-00038-00009456-00009677 and knowledge in your sphere of
+sYnExfypYHc-00039-00009678-00009974 influence you would have regulators such
+sYnExfypYHc-00040-00009975-00010187 as the Data Protection Authority if one
+sYnExfypYHc-00041-00010188-00010424 already exists there too would
+sYnExfypYHc-00042-00010425-00010619 constitute an ally I would have a high
+sYnExfypYHc-00043-00010620-00010808 level of interest importance and
+sYnExfypYHc-00044-00010809-00011046 knowledge of the issues you work on
+sYnExfypYHc-00045-00011047-00011399 however in your sphere of concern where
+sYnExfypYHc-00046-00011400-00011578 you have little opportunity to control
+sYnExfypYHc-00047-00011579-00011777 their behavior you may have certain
+sYnExfypYHc-00048-00011778-00012044 adversaries who may have contradictory
+sYnExfypYHc-00049-00012045-00012317 agendas and interests this could be
+sYnExfypYHc-00050-00012318-00012644 industry but also data brokers there too
+sYnExfypYHc-00051-00012645-00012824 would have a high level of interest in
+sYnExfypYHc-00052-00012825-00013055 knowledge and will be influential as a
+sYnExfypYHc-00053-00013056-00013379 result of their lobbying let's look at
+sYnExfypYHc-00054-00013380-00013706 example data-intensive systems as pushed
+sYnExfypYHc-00055-00013707-00013943 by governments are often part of a
+sYnExfypYHc-00056-00013944-00014269 broader Digital Agenda strategy the
+sYnExfypYHc-00057-00014271-00014408 allies within your sphere of control
+sYnExfypYHc-00058-00014409-00014743 could be the media and specialized CSO's
+sYnExfypYHc-00059-00014744-00014981 these actors would have an interest in
+sYnExfypYHc-00060-00014982-00015161 your work but they may have limited
+sYnExfypYHc-00061-00015162-00015347 knowledge about data protection and
+sYnExfypYHc-00062-00015347-00015626 privacy the potential allies which
+sYnExfypYHc-00063-00015627-00015790 reside within your sphere of influence
+sYnExfypYHc-00064-00015791-00016136 may be important and knowledgeable but
+sYnExfypYHc-00065-00016137-00016294 they may not understand human rights
+sYnExfypYHc-00066-00016296-00016604 issues in his sphere of concern you may
+sYnExfypYHc-00067-00016605-00016859 also have industry the ministry
+sYnExfypYHc-00068-00016860-00017045 responsible for these data intensive
+sYnExfypYHc-00069-00017046-00017333 systems may constitute both an ally and
+sYnExfypYHc-00070-00017334-00017558 adversary depending on their political
+sYnExfypYHc-00071-00017559-00017858 agenda but unless you have prior
+sYnExfypYHc-00072-00017859-00018068 relationships with them they will be
+sYnExfypYHc-00073-00018069-00018308 within your sphere of concern and there
+sYnExfypYHc-00074-00018309-00018500 may be limited opportunity to engage
+sYnExfypYHc-00075-00018501-00018809 with them directly your allies I
+sYnExfypYHc-00076-00018810-00018974 essential as part of your engagement
+sYnExfypYHc-00077-00018975-00019232 strategy to elevate your message to
+sYnExfypYHc-00078-00019233-00019568 those with the power to make decisions
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00000-00000171-00000567 [Music]
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00001-00000568-00000663 mouse
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00002-00000664-00000774 moves house
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00003-00000775-00001166 [Music]
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00004-00001167-00001623 mac the mouse is moving house
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00005-00001623-00001817 mack packs his backpack
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00006-00001818-00002087 [Music]
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00007-00002088-00003047 now mack packs his plates
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00008-00003048-00003310 here is mack's friend jack
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00009-00003311-00003759 [Music]
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00010-00003760-00004111 together mac and jack pack
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00011-00004112-00004454 and pack
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00012-00004455-00004870 jack packs max knickknacks in a black
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00013-00004871-00005735 sack
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00014-00005736-00006048 crack look out jack
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00015-00006049-00006191 [Music]
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00016-00006192-00006527 it's time to pack the pictures
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00017-00006528-00006998 mac and jack pack and they stack
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00018-00007000-00007509 then they stop for a cheesy snack
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00019-00007511-00007646 [Music]
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00020-00007647-00007914 now mac is all packed
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00021-00007915-00008070 [Music]
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00022-00008072-00008416 that's that says jack
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00023-00008417-00008567 [Music]
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00024-00008568-00008935 jack helps mack put his backpack
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00025-00008936-00009051 on his back
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00026-00009052-00009406 [Music]
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00027-00009407-00009823 mac opens his door
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00028-00009824-00010309 and walks out onto the floor
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00029-00010310-00010774 [Music]
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00030-00010775-00011503 run shouts jack it's a cat
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00031-00011504-00011870 but mack stays out he chats
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00032-00011871-00012019 with the cat
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00033-00012020-00012406 [Music]
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00034-00012407-00012767 come here jack meet my friend
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00035-00012768-00013486 fat cat
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00036-00013487-00013847 mac the mouse is moving house
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00037-00013847-00014532 on fat cats back
+sYxBkUEpwJu-00038-00014533-00015244 [Music]
+sZzr03sSobU-00000-00001071-00001295 greetings
+sZzr03sSobU-00001-00001296-00001423 so
+sZzr03sSobU-00002-00001424-00001671 today we have the last class of this
+sZzr03sSobU-00003-00001672-00001830 unit
+sZzr03sSobU-00004-00001832-00002126 and also the last class of this course
+sZzr03sSobU-00005-00002127-00002247 ah
+sZzr03sSobU-00006-00002248-00002599 so i am pretty much going to wrap up
+sZzr03sSobU-00007-00002600-00002926 the whole discussion
+sZzr03sSobU-00008-00002927-00003055 ah let me
+sZzr03sSobU-00009-00003056-00003199 begin with
+sZzr03sSobU-00010-00003200-00003399 ah what we were discussing toward the
+sZzr03sSobU-00011-00003400-00003670 end of the previous class
+sZzr03sSobU-00012-00003671-00003799 we considered
+sZzr03sSobU-00013-00003800-00004135 the how the center of a
+sZzr03sSobU-00014-00004136-00004447 scattered wave packet progresses
+sZzr03sSobU-00015-00004448-00004695 after the scattering
+sZzr03sSobU-00016-00004696-00004822 and
+sZzr03sSobU-00017-00004823-00005118 we considered a wave packet which was
+sZzr03sSobU-00018-00005119-00005286 not necessarily
+sZzr03sSobU-00019-00005287-00005551 impacting the target head on but
+sZzr03sSobU-00020-00005552-00006102 at a somewhat displaced impact parameter
+sZzr03sSobU-00021-00006103-00006375 and with reference to this
+sZzr03sSobU-00022-00006376-00006623 ah scattering situation
+sZzr03sSobU-00023-00006623-00006839 which we had discussed at considerable
+sZzr03sSobU-00024-00006840-00006942 length in
+sZzr03sSobU-00025-00006943-00007083 unit one of this
+sZzr03sSobU-00026-00007084-00007367 course we wrote the solution to the
+sZzr03sSobU-00027-00007368-00007631 scattering problem
+sZzr03sSobU-00028-00007631-00007791 which is very similar to how it looks
+sZzr03sSobU-00029-00007792-00007942 for a
+sZzr03sSobU-00030-00007943-00008214 single plane wave but this time
+sZzr03sSobU-00031-00008215-00008310 this is
+sZzr03sSobU-00032-00008311-00008655 written up for the entire wave packet
+sZzr03sSobU-00033-00008656-00008735 so
+sZzr03sSobU-00034-00008736-00009006 you have got a superposition of a good
+sZzr03sSobU-00035-00009007-00009278 number of monoenergetic waves they may
+sZzr03sSobU-00036-00009279-00009567 be close to some central momentum
+sZzr03sSobU-00037-00009568-00009783 but there is a little bit of
+sZzr03sSobU-00038-00009784-00009974 you know dispersion
+sZzr03sSobU-00039-00009975-00010087 and
+sZzr03sSobU-00040-00010088-00010278 we look at the
+sZzr03sSobU-00041-00010279-00010471 solution for the scattered part at all
+sZzr03sSobU-00042-00010472-00010606 alone
+sZzr03sSobU-00043-00010607-00010751 so this is the scattered part which we
+sZzr03sSobU-00044-00010752-00011119 considered yesterday
+sZzr03sSobU-00045-00011120-00011238 we find
+sZzr03sSobU-00046-00011239-00011335 that
+sZzr03sSobU-00047-00011336-00011535 the phase
+sZzr03sSobU-00048-00011536-00011742 now depends on a wave vector which is no
+sZzr03sSobU-00049-00011743-00011983 longer unique because
+sZzr03sSobU-00050-00011984-00012174 the wave packet consists of
+sZzr03sSobU-00051-00012175-00012463 several momenta which are superposed
+sZzr03sSobU-00052-00012464-00012683 but they are close by and you can expand
+sZzr03sSobU-00053-00012684-00013046 them in the neighborhood of one of them
+sZzr03sSobU-00054-00013047-00013343 okay the central one like k i
+sZzr03sSobU-00055-00013344-00013519 so this is the first order
+sZzr03sSobU-00056-00013519-00013943 expansion that we considered so there is
+sZzr03sSobU-00057-00013944-00014158 this phase angle and then there is a net
+sZzr03sSobU-00058-00014159-00014247 phase
+sZzr03sSobU-00059-00014247-00014438 of this catching amplitude which is the
+sZzr03sSobU-00060-00014440-00014583 zeta
+sZzr03sSobU-00061-00014584-00014871 so zeta is the net
+sZzr03sSobU-00062-00014872-00015079 phase of the scatting amplitude
+sZzr03sSobU-00063-00015080-00015343 and we ask the question
+sZzr03sSobU-00064-00015344-00015511 how would we describe the surface of a
+sZzr03sSobU-00065-00015512-00015719 scattered wave whose wave front
+sZzr03sSobU-00066-00015719-00016047 propagates along the unit vector
+sZzr03sSobU-00067-00016047-00016143 k i
+sZzr03sSobU-00068-00016144-00016311 okay which is
+sZzr03sSobU-00069-00016312-00016519 the unit vector along the central
+sZzr03sSobU-00070-00016520-00016822 momentum direction
+sZzr03sSobU-00071-00016823-00017030 so the criterion would be that on the
+sZzr03sSobU-00072-00017031-00017335 surface d psi by dk would be 0
+sZzr03sSobU-00073-00017336-00017415 and
+sZzr03sSobU-00074-00017416-00017535 this
+sZzr03sSobU-00075-00017536-00017767 leads us by simply taking the derivative
+sZzr03sSobU-00076-00017768-00018014 of this with respect to
+sZzr03sSobU-00077-00018015-00018183 k
+sZzr03sSobU-00078-00018184-00018527 a relationship which tells us how
+sZzr03sSobU-00079-00018528-00018758 the wave front propagates
+sZzr03sSobU-00080-00018759-00019047 ok like a classical object
+sZzr03sSobU-00081-00019048-00019343 like a classical kinematic relation
+sZzr03sSobU-00082-00019344-00019607 and we find that it travels at a group
+sZzr03sSobU-00083-00019608-00019767 velocity
+sZzr03sSobU-00084-00019768-00019871 and
+sZzr03sSobU-00085-00019872-00019975 then
+sZzr03sSobU-00086-00019976-00020230 it is it seems to have originated from a
+sZzr03sSobU-00087-00020231-00020439 slightly different point
+sZzr03sSobU-00088-00020440-00020711 ok there is that
+sZzr03sSobU-00089-00020712-00020967 displacement vector
+sZzr03sSobU-00090-00020968-00021083 so
+sZzr03sSobU-00091-00021084-00021311 essentially the displacement is in terms
+sZzr03sSobU-00092-00021312-00021463 of the gradient of the phase of the
+sZzr03sSobU-00093-00021464-00021871 scattering amplitude with respect to k
+sZzr03sSobU-00094-00021872-00022055 and the wave front
+sZzr03sSobU-00095-00022056-00022263 would appear to have originated because
+sZzr03sSobU-00096-00022264-00022511 of the phase shift it would appear
+sZzr03sSobU-00097-00022512-00022775 as if the wave front has originated if
+sZzr03sSobU-00098-00022776-00023063 there is a delay from a point
+sZzr03sSobU-00099-00023064-00023335 behind what you thought is the source
+sZzr03sSobU-00100-00023336-00023558 or from a point which is ahead of what
+sZzr03sSobU-00101-00023559-00023750 you believe is the source so from one of
+sZzr03sSobU-00102-00023751-00023967 the two depending depending on whether
+sZzr03sSobU-00103-00023968-00024167 the wave front has
+sZzr03sSobU-00104-00024168-00024503 advanced or by the collision
+sZzr03sSobU-00105-00024504-00024703 process
+sZzr03sSobU-00106-00024704-00024871 so there is a special
+sZzr03sSobU-00107-00024872-00024999 shift
+sZzr03sSobU-00108-00025000-00025255 corresponding to which
+sZzr03sSobU-00109-00025256-00025550 there is a time delay okay because any
+sZzr03sSobU-00110-00025551-00025678 phase shift
+sZzr03sSobU-00111-00025679-00025822 corresponds
+sZzr03sSobU-00112-00025823-00025911 to
+sZzr03sSobU-00113-00025912-00026070 a time
+sZzr03sSobU-00114-00026072-00026335 delay or time advancement
+sZzr03sSobU-00115-00026336-00026639 and this time delay would be given by
+sZzr03sSobU-00116-00026639-00026862 if you if you just divide this by the
+sZzr03sSobU-00117-00026863-00027023 velocity
+sZzr03sSobU-00118-00027024-00027270 and you get the derivative of the phase
+sZzr03sSobU-00119-00027272-00027558 shift with respect to k divided by v
+sZzr03sSobU-00120-00027560-00027927 which gives you the time delay
+sZzr03sSobU-00121-00027927-00028014 so
+sZzr03sSobU-00122-00028016-00028343 this is the result that we obtained
+sZzr03sSobU-00123-00028344-00028614 which we discussed in our previous class
+sZzr03sSobU-00124-00028616-00028870 and we can write this derivative with
+sZzr03sSobU-00125-00028872-00029062 respect to energy instead of with
+sZzr03sSobU-00126-00029063-00029231 respect to k
+sZzr03sSobU-00127-00029232-00029414 and by simply
+sZzr03sSobU-00128-00029416-00029839 ah noting that energy goes as k square
+sZzr03sSobU-00129-00029839-00030167 and this is the relationship that we get
+sZzr03sSobU-00130-00030168-00030327 which is famously known as the
+sZzr03sSobU-00131-00030327-00030527 wigner-eisenwood
+sZzr03sSobU-00132-00030527-00030879 time delay it is in terms of the
+sZzr03sSobU-00133-00030880-00031039 derivative of the
+sZzr03sSobU-00134-00031039-00031327 phase shift with respect to energy
+sZzr03sSobU-00135-00031327-00031543 and of course h cross takes care of the
+sZzr03sSobU-00136-00031544-00032007 dimensions and other proportionalities
+sZzr03sSobU-00137-00032008-00032311 so this is the bigger time delay as we
+sZzr03sSobU-00138-00032312-00032479 know it
+sZzr03sSobU-00139-00032480-00032815 this is the delta if in in this is the
+sZzr03sSobU-00140-00032816-00032935 scattering
+sZzr03sSobU-00141-00032936-00033055 amplitude it is the phase of the
+sZzr03sSobU-00142-00033056-00033223 scattering amplitude
+sZzr03sSobU-00143-00033224-00033511 and it is the energy derivative of this
+sZzr03sSobU-00144-00033512-00033743 or d delta by dk
+sZzr03sSobU-00145-00033744-00033959 and you can see from this relation that
+sZzr03sSobU-00146-00033960-00034343 if d delta by dk is positive you have a
+sZzr03sSobU-00147-00034344-00034471 time delay
+sZzr03sSobU-00148-00034472-00034895 whereas if this is negative you have
+sZzr03sSobU-00149-00034896-00035118 a time advancement
+sZzr03sSobU-00150-00035119-00035374 okay and the advancement
+sZzr03sSobU-00151-00035375-00035543 the or delay
+sZzr03sSobU-00152-00035544-00035759 the amount of delay or advancement will
+sZzr03sSobU-00153-00035760-00036023 depend on how rapidly
+sZzr03sSobU-00154-00036024-00036279 the phase shift changes with k
+sZzr03sSobU-00155-00036280-00036439 so you can certainly expect that in the
+sZzr03sSobU-00156-00036440-00036646 vicinity of resonance it would change
+sZzr03sSobU-00157-00036647-00037030 rather rapidly
+sZzr03sSobU-00158-00037031-00037167 so
+sZzr03sSobU-00159-00037168-00037255 yes
+sZzr03sSobU-00160-00037256-00037479 there can be an advancement and the
+sZzr03sSobU-00161-00037480-00037655 scattered wave
+sZzr03sSobU-00162-00037656-00037799 could sort of
+sZzr03sSobU-00163-00037800-00038007 overshoot
+sZzr03sSobU-00164-00038008-00038118 the
+sZzr03sSobU-00165-00038119-00038295 ah wave front
+sZzr03sSobU-00166-00038296-00038471 of an incoming wave
+sZzr03sSobU-00167-00038472-00038551 but
+sZzr03sSobU-00168-00038552-00038702 it does not mean
+sZzr03sSobU-00169-00038703-00038871 that you can
+sZzr03sSobU-00170-00038872-00039199 meet the scattered wave in a detector
+sZzr03sSobU-00171-00039200-00039283 even
+sZzr03sSobU-00172-00039284-00039599 before the incident wave has reached the
+sZzr03sSobU-00173-00039600-00039807 target at all okay because there is a
+sZzr03sSobU-00174-00039808-00040102 certain causality which will limit this
+sZzr03sSobU-00175-00040103-00040255 so there is a limit
+sZzr03sSobU-00176-00040256-00040471 on the time advancement
+sZzr03sSobU-00177-00040472-00040695 at this limit you can get from
+sZzr03sSobU-00178-00040696-00040918 elementary geometry because you know
+sZzr03sSobU-00179-00040919-00041079 that the time delay
+sZzr03sSobU-00180-00041080-00041190 ah
+sZzr03sSobU-00181-00041191-00041327 what are the conditions for time delay
+sZzr03sSobU-00182-00041328-00041495 and time advancement so in the case of
+sZzr03sSobU-00183-00041496-00041687 time advancement the time delay would be
+sZzr03sSobU-00184-00041688-00041951 negative so d delta by dk will be
+sZzr03sSobU-00185-00041952-00042246 negative but how negative can it get
+sZzr03sSobU-00186-00042247-00042574 ok so if you look at this picture the
+sZzr03sSobU-00187-00042575-00042743 incident wave is going to interact with
+sZzr03sSobU-00188-00042744-00042958 the scattering region over a certain
+sZzr03sSobU-00189-00042959-00043087 width a
+sZzr03sSobU-00190-00043088-00043287 and it takes a certain amount of time to
+sZzr03sSobU-00191-00043288-00043407 cross that
+sZzr03sSobU-00192-00043408-00043495 okay
+sZzr03sSobU-00193-00043496-00043862 so the maximum time
+sZzr03sSobU-00194-00043863-00044215 delay or time advancement in this case
+sZzr03sSobU-00195-00044216-00044511 can at the most be a over v it cannot be
+sZzr03sSobU-00196-00044512-00044718 more than that okay because otherwise
+sZzr03sSobU-00197-00044719-00044918 causality will be broken
+sZzr03sSobU-00198-00044919-00045311 so this is the limiting consideration
+sZzr03sSobU-00199-00045312-00045639 and it puts a limit that d delta by dk
+sZzr03sSobU-00200-00045640-00045990 must be greater than or equal to minus a
+sZzr03sSobU-00201-00045991-00046167 because it will be negative because in
+sZzr03sSobU-00202-00046168-00046318 the case of advancement
+sZzr03sSobU-00203-00046319-00046518 but it does not mean that it can
+sZzr03sSobU-00204-00046519-00046839 keep getting arbitrarily more and more
+sZzr03sSobU-00205-00046840-00047127 negative there is a limit to that
+sZzr03sSobU-00206-00047128-00047390 and this is known as wigner causality
+sZzr03sSobU-00207-00047391-00047630 condition okay its just based on
+sZzr03sSobU-00208-00047631-00047855 elementary common sense
+sZzr03sSobU-00209-00047856-00048223 as most of physics really is
+sZzr03sSobU-00210-00048224-00048335 so
+sZzr03sSobU-00211-00048336-00048535 here you have phase of the scatting
+sZzr03sSobU-00212-00048536-00048830 amplitude
+sZzr03sSobU-00213-00048831-00048927 and
+sZzr03sSobU-00214-00048928-00049151 you have the time delay or advanced
+sZzr03sSobU-00215-00049152-00049327 during the passage
+sZzr03sSobU-00216-00049328-00049599 ah in the interaction region which is
+sZzr03sSobU-00217-00049600-00049783 the region over which the scattering
+sZzr03sSobU-00218-00049784-00049958 takes place
+sZzr03sSobU-00219-00049959-00050143 ah this was worked out
+sZzr03sSobU-00220-00050144-00050502 ah in iceland's pg thesis and then
+sZzr03sSobU-00221-00050503-00050686 in wigner's work and
+sZzr03sSobU-00222-00050687-00050918 then smith has some nice papers on it
+sZzr03sSobU-00223-00050919-00051223 and there has been a lot of work on it
+sZzr03sSobU-00224-00051224-00051423 but
+sZzr03sSobU-00225-00051424-00051663 over the years in various domains of
+sZzr03sSobU-00226-00051664-00051854 atomic physics nuclear physics and
+sZzr03sSobU-00227-00051855-00051950 various
+sZzr03sSobU-00228-00051951-00052135 applications in collision quantum
+sZzr03sSobU-00229-00052136-00052447 collision theory
+sZzr03sSobU-00230-00052448-00052535 now
+sZzr03sSobU-00231-00052536-00052735 we have discussed
+sZzr03sSobU-00232-00052736-00053030 the lifetime of a resonance
+sZzr03sSobU-00233-00053032-00053182 we have discussed the time delay in a
+sZzr03sSobU-00234-00053183-00053687 scattering process by a potential
+sZzr03sSobU-00235-00053688-00053830 we can talk about the time delay in
+sZzr03sSobU-00236-00053832-00054142 scattering at a resonance
+sZzr03sSobU-00237-00054144-00054311 and we can ask what is the relationship
+sZzr03sSobU-00238-00054312-00054542 between lifetime and time delays
+sZzr03sSobU-00239-00054544-00054750 ok because all of these
+sZzr03sSobU-00240-00054751-00054838 are
+sZzr03sSobU-00241-00054839-00054991 they have some sort of relationship with
+sZzr03sSobU-00242-00054991-00055103 each other
+sZzr03sSobU-00243-00055104-00055326 ah they are all on a time scale
+sZzr03sSobU-00244-00055327-00055542 but what exactly are the relationships i
+sZzr03sSobU-00245-00055544-00055775 will make a few comments on this which
+sZzr03sSobU-00246-00055776-00056007 are quite simple
+sZzr03sSobU-00247-00056008-00056311 so let us look at the
+sZzr03sSobU-00248-00056312-00056471 resonance itself
+sZzr03sSobU-00249-00056472-00056711 and i will take the case of the pure
+sZzr03sSobU-00250-00056712-00056959 breit wigner resonance in the l partial
+sZzr03sSobU-00251-00056960-00057215 wave
+sZzr03sSobU-00252-00057216-00057454 for this the partial wave scatting
+sZzr03sSobU-00253-00057455-00057607 amplitude is given by this expression
+sZzr03sSobU-00254-00057608-00057782 which we have derived in
+sZzr03sSobU-00255-00057783-00058142 our earlier classes
+sZzr03sSobU-00256-00058144-00058247 and
+sZzr03sSobU-00257-00058248-00058382 the bright
+sZzr03sSobU-00258-00058383-00058535 the
+sZzr03sSobU-00259-00058536-00058766 this is the bright wigner resonance
+sZzr03sSobU-00260-00058767-00058959 and the time delay
+sZzr03sSobU-00261-00058960-00059175 the wigner time delay
+sZzr03sSobU-00262-00059176-00059407 okay wigner's name keeps
+sZzr03sSobU-00263-00059408-00059687 coming in quantum physics everywhere
+sZzr03sSobU-00264-00059688-00059847 means
+sZzr03sSobU-00265-00059848-00060175 ok is one of the great contributors to
+sZzr03sSobU-00266-00060176-00060335 quantum theory
+sZzr03sSobU-00267-00060336-00060511 so this is the bright wigner resonance
+sZzr03sSobU-00268-00060512-00060663 formula and then there is a wigner time
+sZzr03sSobU-00269-00060664-00060959 delay okay so this is also wigner this
+sZzr03sSobU-00270-00060960-00061126 td
+sZzr03sSobU-00271-00061127-00061263 and this
+sZzr03sSobU-00272-00061264-00061406 time delay
+sZzr03sSobU-00273-00061407-00061503 is then
+sZzr03sSobU-00274-00061504-00061694 the energy derivative
+sZzr03sSobU-00275-00061695-00061926 of the argument
+sZzr03sSobU-00276-00061927-00062015 of
+sZzr03sSobU-00277-00062016-00062191 this particular scattering amplitude
+sZzr03sSobU-00278-00062191-00062391 that is the phase which it will pick up
+sZzr03sSobU-00279-00062391-00062535 right and it
+sZzr03sSobU-00280-00062536-00062750 the energy derivative of that phase will
+sZzr03sSobU-00281-00062751-00063038 give you the wigner time delay
+sZzr03sSobU-00282-00063039-00063326 at the beginner resonance at the
+sZzr03sSobU-00283-00063327-00063542 breitwegner resonance
+sZzr03sSobU-00284-00063544-00063719 so this is
+sZzr03sSobU-00285-00063720-00063911 the
+sZzr03sSobU-00286-00063912-00064119 angle that we have
+sZzr03sSobU-00287-00064120-00064430 to examine to get this energy derivative
+sZzr03sSobU-00288-00064432-00064654 this we have obtained
+sZzr03sSobU-00289-00064655-00064919 in considerable detail in our previous
+sZzr03sSobU-00290-00064920-00065223 class in previous classes set of classes
+sZzr03sSobU-00291-00065224-00065487 this angle is given by tan inverse of
+sZzr03sSobU-00292-00065488-00065671 gamma over twice energy difference where
+sZzr03sSobU-00293-00065672-00065950 gamma is the resonance width okay so you
+sZzr03sSobU-00294-00065951-00066279 remember this relationship
+sZzr03sSobU-00295-00066280-00066631 so you can put this angle over here and
+sZzr03sSobU-00296-00066632-00066959 that gives you what is the time delay
+sZzr03sSobU-00297-00066960-00067263 and this time delay would be
+sZzr03sSobU-00298-00067264-00067767 h cross energy derivative of this angle
+sZzr03sSobU-00299-00067768-00067903 so this is
+sZzr03sSobU-00300-00067904-00068143 the energy derivative of this angle
+sZzr03sSobU-00301-00068144-00068279 which is coming from the scattering
+sZzr03sSobU-00302-00068280-00068582 amplitude at the resonance at the breit
+sZzr03sSobU-00303-00068583-00068831 wigner resonance
+sZzr03sSobU-00304-00068832-00068982 so
+sZzr03sSobU-00305-00068983-00069094 this is
+sZzr03sSobU-00306-00069095-00069343 your net result that
+sZzr03sSobU-00307-00069344-00069599 your time delay at the breit wegner
+sZzr03sSobU-00308-00069600-00069815 resonance will be given by
+sZzr03sSobU-00309-00069816-00070006 if you take the tan inverse of this and
+sZzr03sSobU-00310-00070007-00070231 take its energy derivative this is the
+sZzr03sSobU-00311-00070232-00070438 result that you get it is a very simple
+sZzr03sSobU-00312-00070439-00070526 result
+sZzr03sSobU-00313-00070527-00070726 but
+sZzr03sSobU-00314-00070727-00070926 also a result which tells us
+sZzr03sSobU-00315-00070927-00071199 how to relate the time delay with the
+sZzr03sSobU-00316-00071200-00071494 lifetimes at a resonance
+sZzr03sSobU-00317-00071495-00071679 so this is the lifetime of the resonance
+sZzr03sSobU-00318-00071680-00072023 which is just
+sZzr03sSobU-00319-00072024-00072255 the inverse of the width
+sZzr03sSobU-00320-00072256-00072455 right
+sZzr03sSobU-00321-00072456-00072679 and this is the time delay
+sZzr03sSobU-00322-00072680-00072926 so now look at these two expressions and
+sZzr03sSobU-00323-00072927-00073111 they tell you what the relationship
+sZzr03sSobU-00324-00073112-00073526 between time delay and lifetime is
+sZzr03sSobU-00325-00073527-00073782 so the maximum time delay that you can
+sZzr03sSobU-00326-00073783-00073926 get
+sZzr03sSobU-00327-00073927-00074150 is obviously at
+sZzr03sSobU-00328-00074151-00074367 the energy resonance when e is equal to
+sZzr03sSobU-00329-00074368-00074471 e r
+sZzr03sSobU-00330-00074472-00074655 so this term will go to zero
+sZzr03sSobU-00331-00074656-00074894 and you have got half gamma over its
+sZzr03sSobU-00332-00074895-00075079 square
+sZzr03sSobU-00333-00075080-00075238 right
+sZzr03sSobU-00334-00075239-00075487 so the maximum time delay that you can
+sZzr03sSobU-00335-00075488-00075799 get at the bright wigner resonance will
+sZzr03sSobU-00336-00075800-00075935 be twice
+sZzr03sSobU-00337-00075936-00076271 h cross over gamma or which is twice the
+sZzr03sSobU-00338-00076272-00076462 lifetime
+sZzr03sSobU-00339-00076463-00076606 okay so that is
+sZzr03sSobU-00340-00076607-00076862 the maximum time delay that you can get
+sZzr03sSobU-00341-00076863-00077119 at the results
+sZzr03sSobU-00342-00077120-00077735 so this is an important result and
+sZzr03sSobU-00343-00077736-00077887 we will
+sZzr03sSobU-00344-00077888-00078191 i will i will pretty much summarize the
+sZzr03sSobU-00345-00078192-00078382 main points that we have considered in
+sZzr03sSobU-00346-00078383-00078567 the context of resonances and scattering
+sZzr03sSobU-00347-00078568-00078735 theory
+sZzr03sSobU-00348-00078736-00079103 resonance then is typically a quasi
+sZzr03sSobU-00349-00079104-00079438 stationary state
+sZzr03sSobU-00350-00079439-00079638 quasi stationary state will not have a
+sZzr03sSobU-00351-00079639-00079726 real
+sZzr03sSobU-00352-00079727-00080006 energy because it decays right and the
+sZzr03sSobU-00353-00080007-00080262 dk is then contained in in a measuring
+sZzr03sSobU-00354-00080263-00080535 part of the energy
+sZzr03sSobU-00355-00080536-00080671 so
+sZzr03sSobU-00356-00080672-00080759 um
+sZzr03sSobU-00357-00080760-00080975 the decay is then manifest in this
+sZzr03sSobU-00358-00080976-00081231 expression which is the width
+sZzr03sSobU-00359-00081232-00081350 half width
+sZzr03sSobU-00360-00081351-00081599 is the imaginary part of the complex
+sZzr03sSobU-00361-00081600-00081711 energy
+sZzr03sSobU-00362-00081712-00081926 the schrodinger wave function
+sZzr03sSobU-00363-00081927-00082094 is no longer
+sZzr03sSobU-00364-00082095-00082375 stationary it is quasi stationary which
+sZzr03sSobU-00365-00082376-00082462 means
+sZzr03sSobU-00366-00082463-00082767 that its probability density
+sZzr03sSobU-00367-00082768-00082999 will keep diminishing with time it will
+sZzr03sSobU-00368-00083000-00083255 not remain invariant with time
+sZzr03sSobU-00369-00083256-00083591 which is why it is not stationary
+sZzr03sSobU-00370-00083592-00083775 and this is
+sZzr03sSobU-00371-00083776-00083862 the
+sZzr03sSobU-00372-00083863-00084118 probability amplitude so if you
+sZzr03sSobU-00373-00084119-00084391 determine the probability density it
+sZzr03sSobU-00374-00084392-00084638 will diminish exponentially
+sZzr03sSobU-00375-00084639-00084862 by this function which
+sZzr03sSobU-00376-00084863-00085223 is determined by the factor gamma
+sZzr03sSobU-00377-00085224-00085350 okay
+sZzr03sSobU-00378-00085351-00085503 and
+sZzr03sSobU-00379-00085504-00085823 because the energy is
+sZzr03sSobU-00380-00085824-00085991 complex
+sZzr03sSobU-00381-00085992-00086255 you do not get it from a hermitian
+sZzr03sSobU-00382-00086256-00086543 hamiltonian so you can do quantum
+sZzr03sSobU-00383-00086544-00086815 mechanics with non hermitian operators
+sZzr03sSobU-00384-00086816-00087055 non hermitian hamiltonian and
+sZzr03sSobU-00385-00087056-00087279 arnold booms book on quantum mechanics
+sZzr03sSobU-00386-00087280-00087655 is a good source to read about this
+sZzr03sSobU-00387-00087656-00087815 so these are various definitions of
+sZzr03sSobU-00388-00087816-00088111 resonance that you will come across you
+sZzr03sSobU-00389-00088112-00088287 can see it defined in terms of the
+sZzr03sSobU-00390-00088288-00088462 scattering amplitude
+sZzr03sSobU-00391-00088463-00088735 or in terms of
+sZzr03sSobU-00392-00088736-00088982 ah
+sZzr03sSobU-00393-00088983-00089247 the energy derivative of the phase shift
+sZzr03sSobU-00394-00089248-00089359 right
+sZzr03sSobU-00395-00089360-00089647 where it changes most rapidly right so
+sZzr03sSobU-00396-00089648-00089862 that would be one criterion you can see
+sZzr03sSobU-00397-00089863-00090031 it described in terms of quasi
+sZzr03sSobU-00398-00090032-00090287 stationary states with complex energies
+sZzr03sSobU-00399-00090288-00090471 with lifetimes
+sZzr03sSobU-00400-00090472-00090687 or you can define it
+sZzr03sSobU-00401-00090688-00090911 as a pole of the scattering amplitude in
+sZzr03sSobU-00402-00090912-00091118 the complex energy plane
+sZzr03sSobU-00403-00091119-00091367 so in various these are all equivalent
+sZzr03sSobU-00404-00091368-00091599 ways of defining water resonances and we
+sZzr03sSobU-00405-00091600-00091711 have dealt with
+sZzr03sSobU-00406-00091712-00091823 some of these
+sZzr03sSobU-00407-00091824-00092071 you know different shades or different
+sZzr03sSobU-00408-00092072-00092479 manifestations of the resonance
+sZzr03sSobU-00409-00092480-00092718 the resonances we considered
+sZzr03sSobU-00410-00092719-00093079 are of two kinds the fano fresh back
+sZzr03sSobU-00411-00093080-00093191 for which
+sZzr03sSobU-00412-00093192-00093423 we have a discrete state embedded in a
+sZzr03sSobU-00413-00093424-00093726 continuum we also considered the shape
+sZzr03sSobU-00414-00093727-00093943 resonances
+sZzr03sSobU-00415-00093944-00094167 and we observed that
+sZzr03sSobU-00416-00094168-00094438 the shape resonances tend to be broad
+sZzr03sSobU-00417-00094439-00094647 they are above the threshold the wano
+sZzr03sSobU-00418-00094648-00094823 fetch back resonances are relatively
+sZzr03sSobU-00419-00094824-00095103 narrow they are below the ionization
+sZzr03sSobU-00420-00095104-00095282 thresholds
+sZzr03sSobU-00421-00095283-00095655 okay these have lots of applications in
+sZzr03sSobU-00422-00095656-00095918 all domains of atomic physics nuclear
+sZzr03sSobU-00423-00095919-00096167 physics condensed metaphysics
+sZzr03sSobU-00424-00096168-00096247 and
+sZzr03sSobU-00425-00096248-00096431 in recent years in
+sZzr03sSobU-00426-00096432-00096606 the context of
+sZzr03sSobU-00427-00096607-00096887 both einstein condensation and getting
+sZzr03sSobU-00428-00096888-00096991 ah
+sZzr03sSobU-00429-00096992-00097199 b c with
+sZzr03sSobU-00430-00097200-00097494 both mixtures fermi mixtures and what
+sZzr03sSobU-00431-00097495-00097623 not okay
+sZzr03sSobU-00432-00097624-00097711 so
+sZzr03sSobU-00433-00097712-00097894 what happens is that at
+sZzr03sSobU-00434-00097895-00098135 low energies
+sZzr03sSobU-00435-00098136-00098343 scattering is mostly determined
+sZzr03sSobU-00436-00098344-00098535 by
+sZzr03sSobU-00437-00098536-00098767 l equal to zero states by s wave
+sZzr03sSobU-00438-00098768-00098935 scattering right
+sZzr03sSobU-00439-00098936-00099150 and the single parameter the scattering
+sZzr03sSobU-00440-00099151-00099318 length can describe the scattering
+sZzr03sSobU-00441-00099319-00099518 process
+sZzr03sSobU-00442-00099519-00099655 what you can do
+sZzr03sSobU-00443-00099656-00099918 is control the scattering length by some
+sZzr03sSobU-00444-00099919-00100150 external fields
+sZzr03sSobU-00445-00100151-00100335 it can be a magnetic field it can be an
+sZzr03sSobU-00446-00100336-00100535 optical field
+sZzr03sSobU-00447-00100536-00100743 and you can control the scattering
+sZzr03sSobU-00448-00100744-00100950 length and control the scattering
+sZzr03sSobU-00449-00100951-00101191 mechanism so this is exploited because
+sZzr03sSobU-00450-00101192-00101511 typically if you have cut fermis for
+sZzr03sSobU-00451-00101512-00101911 fermion atoms
+sZzr03sSobU-00452-00101912-00102023 they will
+sZzr03sSobU-00453-00102024-00102255 not even get close enough to collide
+sZzr03sSobU-00454-00102256-00102494 with each other
+sZzr03sSobU-00455-00102495-00102671 because of the anti-symmetry of the wave
+sZzr03sSobU-00456-00102672-00102871 function
+sZzr03sSobU-00457-00102872-00103054 whereas if you want to
+sZzr03sSobU-00458-00103055-00103358 cool them exploiting evaporative cooling
+sZzr03sSobU-00459-00103359-00103799 then you do need them to interact okay
+sZzr03sSobU-00460-00103800-00104110 so what you can do is
+sZzr03sSobU-00461-00104111-00104318 control this interaction
+sZzr03sSobU-00462-00104319-00104423 by
+sZzr03sSobU-00463-00104424-00104663 modulating the scattering length using
+sZzr03sSobU-00464-00104664-00105015 some external fields
+sZzr03sSobU-00465-00105016-00105327 and and that way you can bring about
+sZzr03sSobU-00466-00105328-00105558 a bose einstein condensation of fermi
+sZzr03sSobU-00467-00105559-00105663 atoms
+sZzr03sSobU-00468-00105664-00105927 which you would normally think that it
+sZzr03sSobU-00469-00105928-00106039 is
+sZzr03sSobU-00470-00106040-00106334 a privileged reserve for the most atoms
+sZzr03sSobU-00471-00106335-00106607 but then you can do it with fermi atoms
+sZzr03sSobU-00472-00106608-00106734 as well
+sZzr03sSobU-00473-00106735-00106943 because you can have fermi atoms
+sZzr03sSobU-00474-00106944-00107166 interact with each other in two kinds of
+sZzr03sSobU-00475-00107167-00107254 you know
+sZzr03sSobU-00476-00107255-00107431 processes
+sZzr03sSobU-00477-00107432-00107575 one is like
+sZzr03sSobU-00478-00107576-00107823 the unbound state
+sZzr03sSobU-00479-00107824-00107975 and the other by controlling the
+sZzr03sSobU-00480-00107976-00108286 scattering length you can bring them
+sZzr03sSobU-00481-00108288-00108375 through
+sZzr03sSobU-00482-00108376-00108631 swing them through a flashback resonance
+sZzr03sSobU-00483-00108632-00108807 and bring them into a bound strain
+sZzr03sSobU-00484-00108808-00108934 because that is what happens at a fresh
+sZzr03sSobU-00485-00108935-00109095 back resonance
+sZzr03sSobU-00486-00109096-00109286 you have got
+sZzr03sSobU-00487-00109288-00109527 the fragments on one side
+sZzr03sSobU-00488-00109528-00109790 ok like the atomic case in which we had
+sZzr03sSobU-00489-00109791-00109975 the electron in the continuum
+sZzr03sSobU-00490-00109976-00110110 and the rest of the
+sZzr03sSobU-00491-00110111-00110327 ion
+sZzr03sSobU-00492-00110328-00110486 ok so that is those are the fragments
+sZzr03sSobU-00493-00110488-00110686 that we talked about
+sZzr03sSobU-00494-00110688-00110839 otherwise you have a doubly excited
+sZzr03sSobU-00495-00110840-00110983 state in which both the electrons are
+sZzr03sSobU-00496-00110983-00111078 bound
+sZzr03sSobU-00497-00111079-00111263 they are in discrete bound states so you
+sZzr03sSobU-00498-00111264-00111510 have got a bound state
+sZzr03sSobU-00499-00111511-00111702 and a continuum and the bound state is
+sZzr03sSobU-00500-00111703-00111943 embedded in the continuum so you can
+sZzr03sSobU-00501-00111944-00112047 effect
+sZzr03sSobU-00502-00112048-00112375 a fresh back resonance and swing them
+sZzr03sSobU-00503-00112376-00112647 from the fragmented state from the
+sZzr03sSobU-00504-00112648-00112807 dissociated state
+sZzr03sSobU-00505-00112808-00113031 bring them into a bound state
+sZzr03sSobU-00506-00113032-00113375 and then push them into a condensate
+sZzr03sSobU-00507-00113376-00113607 so so that is the technique which is
+sZzr03sSobU-00508-00113608-00113934 exploited ah to get
+sZzr03sSobU-00509-00113935-00114334 b c with fermi atoms
+sZzr03sSobU-00510-00114335-00114415 and
+sZzr03sSobU-00511-00114416-00114654 you can do it using ah
+sZzr03sSobU-00512-00114655-00114919 magnetic field induced whanau flashback
+sZzr03sSobU-00513-00114920-00115127 resonances so these have large
+sZzr03sSobU-00514-00115128-00115375 applications in very many different
+sZzr03sSobU-00515-00115376-00115607 disciplines
+sZzr03sSobU-00516-00115608-00115775 which are nice things
+sZzr03sSobU-00517-00115776-00115975 to
+sZzr03sSobU-00518-00115976-00116119 read there is a lot of current
+sZzr03sSobU-00519-00116120-00116351 literature in this area
+sZzr03sSobU-00520-00116352-00116607 so i will
+sZzr03sSobU-00521-00116608-00116815 hope that some of you will
+sZzr03sSobU-00522-00116816-00116927 go through
+sZzr03sSobU-00523-00116928-00117151 the original literature in this area
+sZzr03sSobU-00524-00117152-00117351 but the techniques which
+sZzr03sSobU-00525-00117352-00117519 are
+sZzr03sSobU-00526-00117520-00117654 fundamental to the understanding of
+sZzr03sSobU-00527-00117655-00117951 these processes come from whanau's
+sZzr03sSobU-00528-00117952-00118183 marvelous paper that we have discussed
+sZzr03sSobU-00529-00118183-00118423 at great length in the last few classes
+sZzr03sSobU-00530-00118424-00118702 so that paper is really
+sZzr03sSobU-00531-00118703-00118783 of
+sZzr03sSobU-00532-00118783-00119063 fundamental importance so that's the
+sZzr03sSobU-00533-00119064-00119247 reason that i spent so much time
+sZzr03sSobU-00534-00119248-00119375 discussing that
+sZzr03sSobU-00535-00119376-00119519 so we have discussed
+sZzr03sSobU-00536-00119520-00119631 we have discussed the resonance
+sZzr03sSobU-00537-00119632-00119743 lifetimes
+sZzr03sSobU-00538-00119744-00120223 we have discussed wigner time delay
+sZzr03sSobU-00539-00120224-00120375 and we can also talk about the photo
+sZzr03sSobU-00540-00120376-00120623 ionization time delay because in photo
+sZzr03sSobU-00541-00120624-00120871 ionization one always believed that
+sZzr03sSobU-00542-00120872-00121054 photo ionization is an instantaneous
+sZzr03sSobU-00543-00121055-00121263 process and the electron is kicked out
+sZzr03sSobU-00544-00121264-00121463 as soon as the electromagnetic energy is
+sZzr03sSobU-00545-00121464-00121734 absorbed by an atom
+sZzr03sSobU-00546-00121735-00121943 but then it turns out that there is a
+sZzr03sSobU-00547-00121944-00122158 little bit of time delay and one can use
+sZzr03sSobU-00548-00122159-00122343 exactly the same techniques to study the
+sZzr03sSobU-00549-00122344-00122551 photonization time delay and this
+sZzr03sSobU-00550-00122552-00122839 relationship comes from what we did
+sZzr03sSobU-00551-00122840-00122958 way back
+sZzr03sSobU-00552-00122959-00123086 in
+sZzr03sSobU-00553-00123088-00123190 ah
+sZzr03sSobU-00554-00123191-00123351 actually in the previous course on
+sZzr03sSobU-00555-00123352-00123631 atomic physics in unit 6
+sZzr03sSobU-00556-00123632-00123823 of the
+sZzr03sSobU-00557-00123824-00124151 special select topics and atomic physics
+sZzr03sSobU-00558-00124152-00124399 in which we discussed the time reversal
+sZzr03sSobU-00559-00124400-00124519 symmetry
+sZzr03sSobU-00560-00124520-00124775 and how it connects
+sZzr03sSobU-00561-00124776-00124990 how it connects the solutions
+sZzr03sSobU-00562-00124991-00125095 of
+sZzr03sSobU-00563-00125096-00125366 collision physics with the solutions of
+sZzr03sSobU-00564-00125367-00125543 photo ionization
+sZzr03sSobU-00565-00125544-00125751 so we exploit this time reversal
+sZzr03sSobU-00566-00125752-00126102 symmetry and carry forward the analysis
+sZzr03sSobU-00567-00126103-00126558 that we learned in scattering theory
+sZzr03sSobU-00568-00126559-00126839 about the time delay and
+sZzr03sSobU-00569-00126840-00127190 use it to determine the photo ionization
+sZzr03sSobU-00570-00127191-00127383 time delay
+sZzr03sSobU-00571-00127383-00127527 so this
+sZzr03sSobU-00572-00127528-00127654 when when you want to do these
+sZzr03sSobU-00573-00127655-00127863 calculations in details and i think i am
+sZzr03sSobU-00574-00127864-00128134 coming toward the end of this course and
+sZzr03sSobU-00575-00128135-00128319 essentially summing up
+sZzr03sSobU-00576-00128320-00128414 you need
+sZzr03sSobU-00577-00128415-00128607 a good background in the quantum theory
+sZzr03sSobU-00578-00128608-00128878 of atoms and molecules you need
+sZzr03sSobU-00579-00128879-00129095 good handle on
+sZzr03sSobU-00580-00129096-00129278 quantum theory of many electron systems
+sZzr03sSobU-00581-00129279-00129471 the archie fog the dirac fog the self
+sZzr03sSobU-00582-00129472-00129654 consistent fields
+sZzr03sSobU-00583-00129655-00129863 many body theories random phase
+sZzr03sSobU-00584-00129864-00130023 approximation
+sZzr03sSobU-00585-00130024-00130414 you need some capability to address
+sZzr03sSobU-00586-00130415-00130678 diagrammatic perturbation theory
+sZzr03sSobU-00587-00130679-00130927 and then of course since laws of nature
+sZzr03sSobU-00588-00130928-00131135 are essentially relativistic there is no
+sZzr03sSobU-00589-00131136-00131311 escape from relativistic mechanics
+sZzr03sSobU-00590-00131312-00131454 either
+sZzr03sSobU-00591-00131455-00131678 so what we have attempted to do in these
+sZzr03sSobU-00592-00131679-00132039 courses is to provide an overview of
+sZzr03sSobU-00593-00132040-00132414 all of these techniques so that
+sZzr03sSobU-00594-00132415-00132583 a graduate student is exposed to these
+sZzr03sSobU-00595-00132584-00132854 techniques and
+sZzr03sSobU-00596-00132855-00132983 gets ready
+sZzr03sSobU-00597-00132984-00133302 to get into research in this field
+sZzr03sSobU-00598-00133303-00133390 so
+sZzr03sSobU-00599-00133391-00133727 we covered basic atomic physics
+sZzr03sSobU-00600-00133728-00133847 in the
+sZzr03sSobU-00601-00133848-00134078 previous course which is the select
+sZzr03sSobU-00602-00134079-00134414 special topics in atomic physics
+sZzr03sSobU-00603-00134415-00134831 and in this course ah we have ah today's
+sZzr03sSobU-00604-00134832-00135111 is the 43rd lecture
+sZzr03sSobU-00605-00135112-00135375 ah this is the last lecture in this
+sZzr03sSobU-00606-00135376-00135551 series
+sZzr03sSobU-00607-00135552-00135687 in
+sZzr03sSobU-00608-00135688-00135823 unit seven
+sZzr03sSobU-00609-00135824-00135990 but then there are three additional
+sZzr03sSobU-00610-00135991-00136254 lectures ah which are given by professor
+sZzr03sSobU-00611-00136255-00136383 manson
+sZzr03sSobU-00612-00136384-00136502 which
+sZzr03sSobU-00613-00136503-00136775 are incorporated in this course as guest
+sZzr03sSobU-00614-00136776-00137031 lectures so there will be a total of 46
+sZzr03sSobU-00615-00137032-00137231 lectures in this course
+sZzr03sSobU-00616-00137232-00137519 which we covered in these eight units
+sZzr03sSobU-00617-00137520-00137719 today's is the end of the seventh unit
+sZzr03sSobU-00618-00137720-00137847 unit eight
+sZzr03sSobU-00619-00137848-00138078 consists of the three guest lectures by
+sZzr03sSobU-00620-00138079-00138343 professor manson
+sZzr03sSobU-00621-00138344-00138439 and
+sZzr03sSobU-00622-00138440-00138678 what we have done in unit one is given
+sZzr03sSobU-00623-00138679-00138895 the introduction to quantum collisions
+sZzr03sSobU-00624-00138896-00139119 and then we also did
+sZzr03sSobU-00625-00139120-00139311 quantum collisions in unit five and
+sZzr03sSobU-00626-00139312-00139527 units six and unit seven which are like
+sZzr03sSobU-00627-00139528-00139783 part two and three and four of quantum
+sZzr03sSobU-00628-00139784-00139927 collision theory
+sZzr03sSobU-00629-00139928-00140151 and then in between we did the many
+sZzr03sSobU-00630-00140152-00140287 electron theory methods of second
+sZzr03sSobU-00631-00140288-00140478 quantization random phase approximation
+sZzr03sSobU-00632-00140479-00140727 fan matagram methods and so on so
+sZzr03sSobU-00633-00140728-00140854 with this
+sZzr03sSobU-00634-00140855-00141175 ah my hope is that we have
+sZzr03sSobU-00635-00141176-00141295 covered
+sZzr03sSobU-00636-00141296-00141527 the essential grammar
+sZzr03sSobU-00637-00141528-00141654 of
+sZzr03sSobU-00638-00141655-00141759 doing
+sZzr03sSobU-00639-00141760-00141863 research
+sZzr03sSobU-00640-00141864-00142095 in the field of atomic and molecular
+sZzr03sSobU-00641-00142096-00142254 physics
+sZzr03sSobU-00642-00142255-00142463 and with this ah
+sZzr03sSobU-00643-00142464-00142631 you should be able to do
+sZzr03sSobU-00644-00142632-00142807 you know carry out various research
+sZzr03sSobU-00645-00142808-00143102 applications handle powerful techniques
+sZzr03sSobU-00646-00143103-00143239 like the relativistic random phase
+sZzr03sSobU-00647-00143240-00143399 approximation
+sZzr03sSobU-00648-00143400-00143614 rpa with relaxation
+sZzr03sSobU-00649-00143615-00143790 the multi-config rational time dank of
+sZzr03sSobU-00650-00143791-00144039 method the multi-channel quantum defect
+sZzr03sSobU-00651-00144040-00144223 theory and so on so so there are large
+sZzr03sSobU-00652-00144224-00144535 you know there is so much more to learn
+sZzr03sSobU-00653-00144536-00144663 and
+sZzr03sSobU-00654-00144664-00144823 that is for
+sZzr03sSobU-00655-00144824-00145166 more advanced courses or for self study
+sZzr03sSobU-00656-00145167-00145647 during your research work
+sZzr03sSobU-00657-00145648-00145983 so many ah students over here have
+sZzr03sSobU-00658-00145984-00146111 contributed
+sZzr03sSobU-00659-00146112-00146190 to
+sZzr03sSobU-00660-00146191-00146383 they have used these technique in some
+sZzr03sSobU-00661-00146384-00146590 applications there is
+sZzr03sSobU-00662-00146591-00146775 gagan's work and this is not mentioned
+sZzr03sSobU-00663-00146776-00146975 in any particular order
+sZzr03sSobU-00664-00146976-00147199 not chronological order or anything like
+sZzr03sSobU-00665-00147200-00147495 that in completely arbitrary order
+sZzr03sSobU-00666-00147496-00147575 and
+sZzr03sSobU-00667-00147576-00147759 some very fascinating applications in
+sZzr03sSobU-00668-00147760-00147990 atomic physics have been studied using
+sZzr03sSobU-00669-00147991-00148311 the techniques that we have built in
+sZzr03sSobU-00670-00148312-00148631 these two courses in atomic physics
+sZzr03sSobU-00671-00148632-00148959 so gagan ashish hari tanima
+sZzr03sSobU-00672-00148960-00149311 sindhu jorban sunil
+sZzr03sSobU-00673-00149312-00149502 lots of students have contributed to
+sZzr03sSobU-00674-00149503-00149663 this work
+sZzr03sSobU-00675-00149664-00149887 and
+sZzr03sSobU-00676-00149888-00150102 yes ah arthi
+sZzr03sSobU-00677-00150103-00150359 angkor swamijit who are here
+sZzr03sSobU-00678-00150360-00150463 and
+sZzr03sSobU-00679-00150464-00150575 i
+sZzr03sSobU-00680-00150576-00150751 pretty much
+sZzr03sSobU-00681-00150752-00151047 conclude this course
+sZzr03sSobU-00682-00151048-00151366 with a quote from fenmen which i
+sZzr03sSobU-00683-00151367-00151631 love to use repeatedly again and again i
+sZzr03sSobU-00684-00151632-00151799 have used it in the past
+sZzr03sSobU-00685-00151800-00152007 and i like to use it again over here
+sZzr03sSobU-00686-00152008-00152287 that if in some cataclysm
+sZzr03sSobU-00687-00152288-00152463 all scientific knowledge were to be
+sZzr03sSobU-00688-00152464-00152583 destroyed
+sZzr03sSobU-00689-00152584-00152823 and only one sentence passed on to the
+sZzr03sSobU-00690-00152824-00152983 next generation
+sZzr03sSobU-00691-00152984-00153175 finman believes it would be the atomic
+sZzr03sSobU-00692-00153176-00153399 hypothesis because he believes that if
+sZzr03sSobU-00693-00153400-00153623 by studying atomic physics
+sZzr03sSobU-00694-00153624-00153719 you can
+sZzr03sSobU-00695-00153720-00153983 use your imagination and get so much
+sZzr03sSobU-00696-00153984-00154231 more out of it so it's really very nice
+sZzr03sSobU-00697-00154232-00154366 atomic physics
+sZzr03sSobU-00698-00154367-00154607 is something which i think
+sZzr03sSobU-00699-00154608-00154814 i absolutely
+sZzr03sSobU-00700-00154815-00154919 love
+sZzr03sSobU-00701-00154920-00155031 to
+sZzr03sSobU-00702-00155032-00155263 learn and to teach
+sZzr03sSobU-00703-00155264-00155431 because
+sZzr03sSobU-00704-00155432-00155743 it it makes use of all the major pillars
+sZzr03sSobU-00705-00155744-00155951 of physics that it uses classical
+sZzr03sSobU-00706-00155952-00156183 mechanics it uses electrodynamics it
+sZzr03sSobU-00707-00156184-00156351 uses quantum mechanics it uses
+sZzr03sSobU-00708-00156352-00156543 statistics statistical mechanics many
+sZzr03sSobU-00709-00156544-00156711 body theory
+sZzr03sSobU-00710-00156712-00157014 so all the major powerful
+sZzr03sSobU-00711-00157015-00157335 pillars of physics
+sZzr03sSobU-00712-00157336-00157607 go into
+sZzr03sSobU-00713-00157608-00157951 this lovely discipline of atomic physics
+sZzr03sSobU-00714-00157952-00158159 and
+sZzr03sSobU-00715-00158160-00158366 here the
+sZzr03sSobU-00716-00158367-00158671 web links to the various courses
+sZzr03sSobU-00717-00158672-00158951 and ah i must invite you to
+sZzr03sSobU-00718-00158952-00159102 unit eight
+sZzr03sSobU-00719-00159103-00159254 which are three guest lectures by
+sZzr03sSobU-00720-00159255-00159414 professor manson
+sZzr03sSobU-00721-00159415-00159647 ah with whom i have had very extensive
+sZzr03sSobU-00722-00159648-00159911 collaboration over very many years for a
+sZzr03sSobU-00723-00159912-00160102 very long time
+sZzr03sSobU-00724-00160103-00160359 and with that i pretty much
+sZzr03sSobU-00725-00160360-00160614 conclude this
+sZzr03sSobU-00726-00160615-00160951 by thanking everybody i have worked with
+sZzr03sSobU-00727-00160952-00161135 there are some who are missing in these
+sZzr03sSobU-00728-00161136-00161383 pictures
+sZzr03sSobU-00729-00161384-00161654 it's only illustrative of my
+sZzr03sSobU-00730-00161655-00161935 gratitude to everybody i've worked with
+sZzr03sSobU-00731-00161936-00162126 collaborators students
+sZzr03sSobU-00732-00162127-00162407 and thanks of course to id madras to the
+sZzr03sSobU-00733-00162408-00162719 nptel staff and team
+sZzr03sSobU-00734-00162720-00163023 and thank you all very much for
+sZzr03sSobU-00735-00163024-00165319 being with me during this course
+sZzr03sSobU-00736-00165320-00165527 you
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00000-00000416-00000615 the trump administration says the daily
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00001-00000616-00000767 number of deaths caused by the
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00002-00000768-00001095 coronavirus may double by june 1st you
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00003-00001096-00001270 have case rates now they're going to go
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00004-00001271-00001607 up i woke up waiting
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00005-00001607-00001807 we all are
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00006-00001807-00002047 waiting for that check to come in
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00007-00002048-00002295 waiting to see loved ones
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00008-00002296-00002550 waiting to get back to work
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00009-00002551-00002726 waiting to make sense of the world
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00010-00002727-00004038 standing still
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00011-00004039-00004295 i'm not okay being told what to do
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00012-00004296-00004502 i'm not okay feeling that i'm isolated
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00013-00004503-00004695 and powerless
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00014-00004696-00004967 not a time when you can do anything
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00015-00004968-00005191 talk to anyone and still be what you
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00016-00005192-00005399 always wanted to be
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00017-00005400-00005599 not when it's a perfect time to reinvent
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00018-00005600-00005975 ourselves
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00019-00005976-00006286 each day still has 24 hours
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00020-00006287-00006486 still full of moments that can change
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00021-00006487-00006719 everything
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00022-00006720-00006840 when you have nothing
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00023-00006841-00006983 [Music]
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00024-00006984-00007255 imagine what you could do
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00025-00007256-00007639 and who you could be
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00026-00007640-00008006 we have to keep moving forward
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00027-00008008-00008223 we need to tell ourselves that this is a
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00028-00008224-00008335 new beginning
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00029-00008336-00008695 that this is a new normal
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00030-00008696-00008887 we need to inspire others to know that
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00031-00008888-00008986 they can do it as well
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00032-00008987-00009223 [Music]
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00033-00009224-00009383 we live in a time where you can work
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00034-00009384-00009510 from anywhere
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00035-00009511-00009687 where you can still make the life you
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00036-00009688-00009910 always wanted
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00037-00009911-00010214 do it for your future
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00038-00010215-00010572 in the next generations to come
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00039-00010573-00012183 [Music]
+sZRj-4mDfH4-00040-00012184-00012392 you
+sb6lTlRovhM-00000-00000104-00000311 the first day that i arrived in alinito
+sb6lTlRovhM-00001-00000312-00000487 i knew it was a special place
+sb6lTlRovhM-00002-00000488-00000703 right off the bat everyone was so kind
+sb6lTlRovhM-00003-00000704-00000839 generous and excited
+sb6lTlRovhM-00004-00000840-00001007 i could also see the curiosity of the
+sb6lTlRovhM-00005-00001008-00001199 kids the little ones would hide behind
+sb6lTlRovhM-00006-00001200-00001303 their parents legs
+sb6lTlRovhM-00007-00001304-00001478 and give shy little laughs when i waved
+sb6lTlRovhM-00008-00001479-00001663 or smiled and the older ones were
+sb6lTlRovhM-00009-00001664-00001814 constantly checking to see if they could
+sb6lTlRovhM-00010-00001816-00001982 help or bring us anything
+sb6lTlRovhM-00011-00001984-00002142 after our first meeting and meals i
+sb6lTlRovhM-00012-00002143-00002279 asked one of the kids if they wanted to
+sb6lTlRovhM-00013-00002280-00002479 take us on a walk and show us around
+sb6lTlRovhM-00014-00002480-00002639 and that was the beginning of lifelong
+sb6lTlRovhM-00015-00002640-00002863 friendships the first conversations were
+sb6lTlRovhM-00016-00002864-00002942 so reserved
+sb6lTlRovhM-00017-00002943-00003175 we talked about town our families and
+sb6lTlRovhM-00018-00003176-00003479 they were polite about my subpar spanish
+sb6lTlRovhM-00019-00003479-00003679 afterward we sat in the backyard eating
+sb6lTlRovhM-00020-00003679-00003783 fresh-picked oranges
+sb6lTlRovhM-00021-00003784-00003990 and comparing words they learned english
+sb6lTlRovhM-00022-00003992-00004167 in school and were excited to learn more
+sb6lTlRovhM-00023-00004168-00004222 words
+sb6lTlRovhM-00024-00004223-00004383 we spent hours sitting in the dirt
+sb6lTlRovhM-00025-00004384-00004551 pointing out random things and then we
+sb6lTlRovhM-00026-00004552-00004686 would say the english words and they
+sb6lTlRovhM-00027-00004687-00004815 would say the spanish words
+sb6lTlRovhM-00028-00004816-00004911 we laughed at each other's
+sb6lTlRovhM-00029-00004912-00005086 pronunciations and grew sticky with
+sb6lTlRovhM-00030-00005087-00005215 orange juice
+sb6lTlRovhM-00031-00005216-00005359 at some point we were talking about
+sb6lTlRovhM-00032-00005360-00005535 flowers and one of the boys brought pam
+sb6lTlRovhM-00033-00005536-00005735 and i beautiful pink buds to put behind
+sb6lTlRovhM-00034-00005736-00005838 our ears
+sb6lTlRovhM-00035-00005839-00005999 i also told them that one of my favorite
+sb6lTlRovhM-00036-00006000-00006183 foods was bread and that night they
+sb6lTlRovhM-00037-00006184-00006327 brought some sweet bread for all of us
+sb6lTlRovhM-00038-00006328-00006422 to share
+sb6lTlRovhM-00039-00006423-00006734 from there our friendship only blossomed
+sb6lTlRovhM-00040-00006736-00006951 we played card games watched tv played
+sb6lTlRovhM-00041-00006952-00007167 soccer in the streets went on hikes
+sb6lTlRovhM-00042-00007168-00007319 taught each other handshakes and patty
+sb6lTlRovhM-00043-00007320-00007487 cake games and talked about pretty much
+sb6lTlRovhM-00044-00007488-00007567 everything
+sb6lTlRovhM-00045-00007568-00007767 in just a few days it felt as if they
+sb6lTlRovhM-00046-00007768-00007951 had welcomed us into their family
+sb6lTlRovhM-00047-00007952-00008223 and we got to know each other so well on
+sb6lTlRovhM-00048-00008224-00008407 new year's eve we lit off some fireworks
+sb6lTlRovhM-00049-00008408-00008607 in the street and played some games but
+sb6lTlRovhM-00050-00008608-00008735 later we went to watch the bigger
+sb6lTlRovhM-00051-00008736-00008799 fireworks
+sb6lTlRovhM-00052-00008800-00008967 a couple of the older kids took us up a
+sb6lTlRovhM-00053-00008968-00009183 hill where we could see
+sb6lTlRovhM-00054-00009184-00009342 uh fireworks from at least three
+sb6lTlRovhM-00055-00009343-00009542 neighboring towns but we got there long
+sb6lTlRovhM-00056-00009543-00009678 before midnight
+sb6lTlRovhM-00057-00009679-00009863 to pass time we played games and
+sb6lTlRovhM-00058-00009864-00010006 attempted to build human
+sb6lTlRovhM-00059-00010007-00010238 pyramids but we also talked they asked
+sb6lTlRovhM-00060-00010239-00010351 us about california
+sb6lTlRovhM-00061-00010352-00010567 university our families and they told us
+sb6lTlRovhM-00062-00010568-00010671 about their lives
+sb6lTlRovhM-00063-00010672-00010831 as pam and i told them stories about
+sb6lTlRovhM-00064-00010832-00010974 traveling skiing
+sb6lTlRovhM-00065-00010975-00011255 food roller coasters etc you could see
+sb6lTlRovhM-00066-00011256-00011367 their excitement grow
+sb6lTlRovhM-00067-00011368-00011510 they told us about the places they want
+sb6lTlRovhM-00068-00011511-00011687 to go the things they want to see
+sb6lTlRovhM-00069-00011688-00011831 and the people they want to meet and
+sb6lTlRovhM-00070-00011832-00012038 they deserve to do it all
+sb6lTlRovhM-00071-00012039-00012167 these kids were some of the most
+sb6lTlRovhM-00072-00012168-00012367 generous fun creative and hardworking
+sb6lTlRovhM-00073-00012368-00012478 people i've ever met
+sb6lTlRovhM-00074-00012479-00012631 they all have big dreams and want to do
+sb6lTlRovhM-00075-00012632-00012767 the best for themselves and their
+sb6lTlRovhM-00076-00012768-00012846 families
+sb6lTlRovhM-00077-00012847-00013063 every kid does their part every single
+sb6lTlRovhM-00078-00013063-00013215 one of them even the four-year-olds
+sb6lTlRovhM-00079-00013216-00013358 picked up a shovel to help dig
+sb6lTlRovhM-00080-00013359-00013566 the trenches at some point they help
+sb6lTlRovhM-00081-00013568-00013694 their parents prepare meals by
+sb6lTlRovhM-00082-00013695-00013791 collecting fruit
+sb6lTlRovhM-00083-00013791-00013975 or going to get water and they help each
+sb6lTlRovhM-00084-00013976-00014127 other older kids tying little ones
+sb6lTlRovhM-00085-00014128-00014263 shorts or challenging each other to
+sb6lTlRovhM-00086-00014263-00014430 various games to pass
+sb6lTlRovhM-00087-00014431-00014694 time my point in all this is that not
+sb6lTlRovhM-00088-00014695-00014855 only are the water committee and the
+sb6lTlRovhM-00089-00014856-00014999 adults of all you need though amazing
+sb6lTlRovhM-00090-00015000-00015103 giving people
+sb6lTlRovhM-00091-00015104-00015286 they are also raising amazing giving
+sb6lTlRovhM-00092-00015287-00015463 kids i'm honored to have had the
+sb6lTlRovhM-00093-00015463-00015607 opportunity to get to know some of these
+sb6lTlRovhM-00094-00015608-00015671 people
+sb6lTlRovhM-00095-00015672-00015799 and to be a part of their improving
+sb6lTlRovhM-00096-00015800-00016022 their futures and i hope myself ewb
+sb6lTlRovhM-00097-00016023-00016247 and anyone else will continue to do so
+sb6lTlRovhM-00098-00016247-00016350 for years to come
+sb6lTlRovhM-00099-00016351-00016543 and may the future of el unito only
+sb6lTlRovhM-00100-00016544-00017072 continue to grow and prosper
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00000-00000894-00001103 [Music]
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00001-00001104-00001366 my project is to create a showroom
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00002-00001367-00001663 experience for a company named boat boat
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00003-00001664-00001918 is an india based company which sells
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00004-00001919-00002110 affordable
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00005-00002111-00002679 and fashionable audio products
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00006-00002680-00002871 i realized that boat doesn't have a
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00007-00002872-00003118 physical store and it sells its products
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00008-00003119-00003383 online which inspired me to create a
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00009-00003384-00003551 concept
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00010-00003552-00003631 of
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00011-00003632-00003879 a showroom where people can come and
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00012-00003879-00004103 interact and
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00013-00004104-00004295 experience their brand and their
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00014-00004296-00004615 products
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00015-00004616-00004791 so the preparation is going pretty
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00016-00004792-00004911 smoothly
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00017-00004912-00005111 so there are few things
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00018-00005112-00005495 that i have to tweak and change with the
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00019-00005496-00005775 3d model the final product but otherwise
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00020-00005776-00006486 it's good yeah
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00021-00006487-00006727 the major challenge that i faced was the
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00022-00006728-00006983 time taken to render the 3d model that
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00023-00006984-00007119 i'm creating
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00024-00007120-00007319 and the second challenge that i had
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00025-00007320-00007478 faced was
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00026-00007479-00007719 i was in india the whole time the whole
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00027-00007720-00007974 time of the course now in prague so
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00028-00007975-00008742 that's one berry that i have crossed
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00029-00008743-00008959 so when you enter program you'll see my
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00030-00008960-00009214 project been projected
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00031-00009215-00009367 on a wall
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00032-00009368-00009551 uh you'll see
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00033-00009552-00009846 a slideshow of the 3d model that i have
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00034-00009847-00010471 created of the showroom
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00035-00010472-00010695 come to prabhakar you'll see i'm a
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00036-00010696-00010855 future design and i'm a fine arts
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00037-00010856-00011127 students display there and take a walk
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00038-00011128-00012495 on the wild side
+sbGlIyoupmQ-00039-00012496-00012704 you
+scR54iRIGa4-00000-00000058-00000359 United States policy in regard to
+scR54iRIGa4-00001-00000360-00000659 biofuels such as ethanol fuel and
+scR54iRIGa4-00002-00000660-00001019 biodiesel began in the early 1990s as
+scR54iRIGa4-00003-00001019-00001220 the government began looking more
+scR54iRIGa4-00004-00001221-00001532 intensely at biofuels as a way to reduce
+scR54iRIGa4-00005-00001533-00001805 dependence on foreign oil and increase
+scR54iRIGa4-00006-00001805-00002098 the nation's overall sustainability
+scR54iRIGa4-00007-00002099-00002260 since then
+scR54iRIGa4-00008-00002261-00002518 biofuel policies have been refined
+scR54iRIGa4-00009-00002519-00002767 focused on getting the most efficient
+scR54iRIGa4-00010-00002768-00003041 fuels commercially available creating
+scR54iRIGa4-00011-00003042-00003208 fuels that can compete with
+scR54iRIGa4-00012-00003209-00003503 petroleum-based fuels and ensuring that
+scR54iRIGa4-00013-00003504-00003790 the agricultural industry can support
+scR54iRIGa4-00014-00003792-00004556 and sustain the use of biofuels
+scR54iRIGa4-00015-00004557-00005451 topic introduction
+scR54iRIGa4-00016-00005452-00006068 topic case for biofuels
+scR54iRIGa4-00017-00006069-00006434 see also oil crisis ethanol fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-00018-00006434-00006809 alternative fuels biofuel peak oil oil
+scR54iRIGa4-00019-00006809-00007103 depletion oil reserves
+scR54iRIGa4-00020-00007104-00007504 in 2010 the United States imported about
+scR54iRIGa4-00021-00007505-00007943 4.3 billion barrels 680 million cubic
+scR54iRIGa4-00022-00007944-00008326 meters of crude oil add to this about
+scR54iRIGa4-00023-00008327-00008819 2.0 1 billion barrels 320 million cubic
+scR54iRIGa4-00024-00008820-00009095 meters produced in the United States and
+scR54iRIGa4-00025-00009096-00009326 the total consumption in the United
+scR54iRIGa4-00026-00009327-00009710 States as 6.3 billion barrels one point
+scR54iRIGa4-00027-00009711-00010097 zero zero times 109 cubic meters of
+scR54iRIGa4-00028-00010098-00010529 crude for 2010 imported oil accounted
+scR54iRIGa4-00029-00010530-00010790 for two-thirds of the oil supply in the
+scR54iRIGa4-00030-00010791-00011153 US with about 42 percent of imported oil
+scR54iRIGa4-00031-00011154-00011429 coming from OPEC countries according to
+scR54iRIGa4-00032-00011430-00011687 the British Petroleum statistical review
+scR54iRIGa4-00033-00011688-00012118 world oil reserves are considered to be
+scR54iRIGa4-00034-00012119-00012566 1330 3.1 billion barrels two point one
+scR54iRIGa4-00035-00012567-00013033 one nine five times 1011 cubic meters of
+scR54iRIGa4-00036-00013034-00013594 this 750 4.2 billion barrels one point
+scR54iRIGa4-00037-00013595-00014000 one nine nine one times 1011 cubic
+scR54iRIGa4-00038-00014001-00014333 meters or close to 60% of the world's
+scR54iRIGa4-00039-00014334-00014588 oil supply are located in the Middle
+scR54iRIGa4-00040-00014588-00014965 East the United States contains about
+scR54iRIGa4-00041-00014966-00015290 2.1 percent of the world's oil supply
+scR54iRIGa4-00042-00015291-00015812 about 28 billion barrels 4.5 times 109
+scR54iRIGa4-00043-00015813-00016247 cubic meters about one third of US oil
+scR54iRIGa4-00044-00016247-00016535 consumption comes from domestic supplies
+scR54iRIGa4-00045-00016536-00016847 and with current trends in production US
+scR54iRIGa4-00046-00016848-00017117 oil reserves are expected to be depleted
+scR54iRIGa4-00047-00017118-00017471 in about ten years the world's two
+scR54iRIGa4-00048-00017472-00017783 largest developing economies China and
+scR54iRIGa4-00049-00017784-00018019 India are expected to deplete their
+scR54iRIGa4-00050-00018020-00018302 reserves in about ten and 21 years
+scR54iRIGa4-00051-00018303-00018539 respectively at current rates of
+scR54iRIGa4-00052-00018540-00018767 production the oil reserves in the
+scR54iRIGa4-00053-00018768-00019010 Middle East are expected to be depleted
+scR54iRIGa4-00054-00019011-00019457 in 85 years once the reserves in the US
+scR54iRIGa4-00055-00019458-00019733 China and India are depleted these
+scR54iRIGa4-00056-00019734-00019972 countries will have to rely much more
+scR54iRIGa4-00057-00019973-00020267 heavily on oil importation putting more
+scR54iRIGa4-00058-00020268-00020465 pressure on oil exporter
+scR54iRIGa4-00059-00020466-00020696 areas of the world and thus draining
+scR54iRIGa4-00060-00020697-00021062 reserves in at a faster rate the BP
+scR54iRIGa4-00061-00021063-00021284 statistical review predicts the
+scR54iRIGa4-00062-00021285-00021536 depletion of all the world's proven oil
+scR54iRIGa4-00063-00021537-00022079 reserves in 45.7 years in 2009 the world
+scR54iRIGa4-00064-00022080-00022433 consumed 84 million barrels 13 million
+scR54iRIGa4-00065-00022434-00022709 four hundred thousand cubic meters of
+scR54iRIGa4-00066-00022710-00023006 crude oil per day which translates to
+scR54iRIGa4-00067-00023007-00023303 thirty point seven billion barrels four
+scR54iRIGa4-00068-00023304-00023669 point eight eight times 109 cubic meters
+scR54iRIGa4-00069-00023670-00023987 a year this is a vast amount of
+scR54iRIGa4-00070-00023988-00024224 non-renewable energy and numerous
+scR54iRIGa4-00071-00024225-00024464 alternative fuel options are being
+scR54iRIGa4-00072-00024465-00024800 explored to replace this fossil fuel of
+scR54iRIGa4-00073-00024801-00025096 all the options for new fuels biofuels
+scR54iRIGa4-00074-00025097-00025484 stand out as the most compatible the
+scR54iRIGa4-00075-00025485-00025708 other possible alternatives have a
+scR54iRIGa4-00076-00025710-00025984 number of technological and economical
+scR54iRIGa4-00077-00025985-00026225 hurdles that prevent them from being as
+scR54iRIGa4-00078-00026226-00026651 feasible as biofuels one option being
+scR54iRIGa4-00079-00026652-00026993 considered as hydrogen hydrogen burns
+scR54iRIGa4-00080-00026994-00027305 clean and as an extremely abundant atom
+scR54iRIGa4-00081-00027306-00027617 on earth the problem is that hydrogen
+scR54iRIGa4-00082-00027618-00027961 does not exist by itself on earth
+scR54iRIGa4-00083-00027962-00028268 instead it is locked in hydrocarbon
+scR54iRIGa4-00084-00028269-00028610 molecules and water molecules collecting
+scR54iRIGa4-00085-00028611-00028922 hydrogen either from reformed methane or
+scR54iRIGa4-00086-00028923-00029168 electrolysis of water is a very
+scR54iRIGa4-00087-00029169-00029561 expensive and energy intensive hydrogen
+scR54iRIGa4-00088-00029562-00029852 cars either as hydrogen combustion or
+scR54iRIGa4-00089-00029852-00030133 fuel cells require the installation of
+scR54iRIGa4-00090-00030135-00030335 new infrastructure for hydrogen
+scR54iRIGa4-00091-00030336-00030635 production transportation storage
+scR54iRIGa4-00092-00030636-00030970 distribution and vehicle refueling the
+scR54iRIGa4-00093-00030970-00031256 current gasoline infrastructure is
+scR54iRIGa4-00094-00031257-00031523 designed to operate around a liquid fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-00095-00031524-00031919 not a gaseous fuel current vehicles are
+scR54iRIGa4-00096-00031920-00032207 not designed to use hydrogen fuel which
+scR54iRIGa4-00097-00032208-00032456 would require existing cars to be
+scR54iRIGa4-00098-00032457-00032708 retrofitted and future cars to be
+scR54iRIGa4-00099-00032708-00033050 redesigned another option being
+scR54iRIGa4-00100-00033051-00033329 considered as battery-powered electric
+scR54iRIGa4-00101-00033330-00033596 vehicles though they do not directly
+scR54iRIGa4-00102-00033597-00033842 consume fossil fuels they
+scR54iRIGa4-00103-00033843-00034088 rely on an external source to provide
+scR54iRIGa4-00104-00034089-00034355 the necessary electricity and the most
+scR54iRIGa4-00105-00034356-00034586 widely used fuel for electricity
+scR54iRIGa4-00106-00034587-00035012 generation as coal as with hydrogen cars
+scR54iRIGa4-00107-00035013-00035222 current cars would need to be
+scR54iRIGa4-00108-00035223-00035486 retrofitted and future cars would need
+scR54iRIGa4-00109-00035487-00035681 to be redesigned with electric
+scR54iRIGa4-00110-00035682-00035854 drivetrains
+scR54iRIGa4-00111-00035855-00036097 currently there is no large-scale
+scR54iRIGa4-00112-00036098-00036445 recharging network for plug-in vehicles
+scR54iRIGa4-00113-00036446-00036770 battery technology also hampers the
+scR54iRIGa4-00114-00036771-00037076 feasibility of electric vehicles lead
+scR54iRIGa4-00115-00037077-00037349 acid batteries are heavy and hold less
+scR54iRIGa4-00116-00037350-00037517 charge than their competitors
+scR54iRIGa4-00117-00037518-00037913 lithium-ion batteries lithium ion
+scR54iRIGa4-00118-00037914-00038153 batteries hold more charge and are
+scR54iRIGa4-00119-00038154-00038417 lighter than lead acid batteries but are
+scR54iRIGa4-00120-00038418-00038894 also more expensive biofuels on the
+scR54iRIGa4-00121-00038895-00039179 other hand do not require new pumping
+scR54iRIGa4-00122-00039180-00039565 infrastructure with slight modifications
+scR54iRIGa4-00123-00039566-00039896 biofuels which her a liquid fuel can be
+scR54iRIGa4-00124-00039897-00040105 compatible with the storage
+scR54iRIGa4-00125-00040106-00040406 transportation distribution and vehicle
+scR54iRIGa4-00126-00040407-00040661 refueling infrastructure currently in
+scR54iRIGa4-00127-00040662-00041018 existence since they are a combustible
+scR54iRIGa4-00128-00041019-00041312 liquid biofuels can be used in current
+scR54iRIGa4-00129-00041313-00041563 internal combustion engines with some
+scR54iRIGa4-00130-00041564-00042186 modifications
+scR54iRIGa4-00131-00042187-00042786 topic presidential orders
+scR54iRIGa4-00132-00042787-00043104 goals for biofuel policy have usually
+scR54iRIGa4-00133-00043105-00043418 been led or motivated by orders and
+scR54iRIGa4-00134-00043419-00043690 recommendations from those in power
+scR54iRIGa4-00135-00043691-00044010 during his term as president george w
+scR54iRIGa4-00136-00044011-00044321 bush discussed specific goals for
+scR54iRIGa4-00137-00044322-00044520 biofuels in his State of the Union
+scR54iRIGa4-00138-00044521-00045192 address in 2006 and 2007 in his 2006
+scR54iRIGa4-00139-00045193-00045453 speech he called for cellulosic ethanol
+scR54iRIGa4-00140-00045454-00045746 to be cost competitive and on the market
+scR54iRIGa4-00141-00045747-00046092 with corn based ethanol by the year 2012
+scR54iRIGa4-00142-00046093-00046479 a year later President Bush called for a
+scR54iRIGa4-00143-00046480-00046790 complete reduction of 20% in u.s.
+scR54iRIGa4-00144-00046791-00047184 gasoline consumption in ten years this
+scR54iRIGa4-00145-00047185-00047406 goal was to be met by setting a
+scR54iRIGa4-00146-00047407-00047781 renewable fuel standard of 35 billion US
+scR54iRIGa4-00147-00047782-00048287 gallons 130 million cubic meters by 2017
+scR54iRIGa4-00148-00048288-00048534 and by reforming and modernizing
+scR54iRIGa4-00149-00048535-00048831 corporate average fuel economy cafe
+scR54iRIGa4-00150-00048832-00049260 standards President Bush also called for
+scR54iRIGa4-00151-00049261-00049530 increased investment in hydrogen fuels
+scR54iRIGa4-00152-00049531-00049857 advanced batteries biodiesel fuels and
+scR54iRIGa4-00153-00049858-00050226 new fuel production methods recently
+scR54iRIGa4-00154-00050227-00050499 Barack Obama has also echoed these
+scR54iRIGa4-00155-00050500-00050762 sentiments calling for a reduction in
+scR54iRIGa4-00156-00050763-00051000 petroleum usage and an increase in
+scR54iRIGa4-00157-00051001-00051551 biofuel production in September 2014 the
+scR54iRIGa4-00158-00051552-00051861 American Petroleum Institute on Thursday
+scR54iRIGa4-00159-00051862-00052098 accused the White House accused of
+scR54iRIGa4-00160-00052099-00052457 attempting to use 2014 biofuel targets
+scR54iRIGa4-00161-00052458-00052728 to influence a tight US Senate race
+scR54iRIGa4-00162-00052729-00052989 stating that increase in the targets
+scR54iRIGa4-00163-00052990-00053322 could raise the price of gasoline the
+scR54iRIGa4-00164-00053323-00053559 renewable fuel standard requires
+scR54iRIGa4-00165-00053560-00053804 increasing amounts of ethanol and
+scR54iRIGa4-00166-00053805-00054087 biodiesel to be mixed into u.s. fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-00167-00054088-00054934 supplies each year until 2022
+scR54iRIGa4-00168-00054935-00055892 topic legislative history
+scR54iRIGa4-00169-00055894-00056492 topic Energy Policy Act of 1992 EPAct
+scR54iRIGa4-00170-00056494-00056991 1992
+scR54iRIGa4-00171-00056992-00057238 one of the first legislative documents
+scR54iRIGa4-00172-00057239-00057579 to directly address the need of biofuels
+scR54iRIGa4-00173-00057580-00057808 and their development was the Energy
+scR54iRIGa4-00174-00057809-00058564 Policy Act of 1992 pub L 102 - 486 this
+scR54iRIGa4-00175-00058565-00058842 act directed more studies to be done on
+scR54iRIGa4-00176-00058844-00059113 biofuels as well as gave some guidance
+scR54iRIGa4-00177-00059114-00059385 for federal programs for the increased
+scR54iRIGa4-00178-00059386-00060073 implementation of biofuels
+scR54iRIGa4-00179-00060074-00060450 topic title three alternative fuels
+scR54iRIGa4-00180-00060451-00060844 general
+scR54iRIGa4-00181-00060845-00061174 title three addresses alternative fuels
+scR54iRIGa4-00182-00061175-00061530 in a general sense this title amends the
+scR54iRIGa4-00183-00061532-00061872 energy policy and conservation Act of
+scR54iRIGa4-00184-00061873-00062475 1975 pub L 94 to 163 and sets a number
+scR54iRIGa4-00185-00062476-00062716 of guidelines for and requirements of
+scR54iRIGa4-00186-00062716-00063066 the Secretary of Energy it establishes
+scR54iRIGa4-00187-00063067-00063316 guidelines for the Secretary of Energy
+scR54iRIGa4-00188-00063316-00063634 to acquire alternative fueled vehicle
+scR54iRIGa4-00189-00063635-00063979 for the federal fleet it also requires
+scR54iRIGa4-00190-00063979-00064266 the Secretary of Energy to study and
+scR54iRIGa4-00191-00064267-00064467 report to Congress the federal
+scR54iRIGa4-00192-00064469-00064711 experience with alternative fueled
+scR54iRIGa4-00193-00064712-00065071 heavy-duty vehicles the Secretary of
+scR54iRIGa4-00194-00065072-00065382 Energy has also required to set a fiscal
+scR54iRIGa4-00195-00065383-00065643 year schedule for minimum federal fleet
+scR54iRIGa4-00196-00065644-00065875 requirements for alternative fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-00197-00065876-00066217 vehicles finally it directs the
+scR54iRIGa4-00198-00066218-00066475 secretary to provide guidance and
+scR54iRIGa4-00199-00066476-00066756 technical assistance to federal agencies
+scR54iRIGa4-00200-00066757-00066973 for the procurement and placement of
+scR54iRIGa4-00201-00066974-00067281 alternative fueled vehicles title three
+scR54iRIGa4-00202-00067282-00067551 requires two other changes within the
+scR54iRIGa4-00203-00067552-00067743 federal government related to
+scR54iRIGa4-00204-00067744-00068128 alternative fuels first it directs the
+scR54iRIGa4-00205-00068129-00068410 administrator of General Services the
+scR54iRIGa4-00206-00068411-00068671 administrator to establish an annual
+scR54iRIGa4-00207-00068672-00068953 recognition and incentive awards program
+scR54iRIGa4-00208-00068954-00069219 for federal employees who demonstrate
+scR54iRIGa4-00209-00069220-00069436 the strongest commitment to the use of
+scR54iRIGa4-00210-00069437-00069679 alternative fuels and fuel conservation
+scR54iRIGa4-00211-00069680-00069981 in Federal Motor Vehicles
+scR54iRIGa4-00212-00069982-00070315 second it directs the administrator and
+scR54iRIGa4-00213-00070316-00070585 the Postmaster General to report to the
+scR54iRIGa4-00214-00070586-00070806 Congress on the alternative fueled
+scR54iRIGa4-00215-00070807-00071030 vehicle program within their respective
+scR54iRIGa4-00216-00071031-00071621 agencies
+scR54iRIGa4-00217-00071622-00072064 topic title IV alternative fuels
+scR54iRIGa4-00218-00072065-00072557 non-federal programs
+scR54iRIGa4-00219-00072558-00072884 Title IV makes two changes to existing
+scR54iRIGa4-00220-00072885-00073337 laws in terms of alternative fuels first
+scR54iRIGa4-00221-00073338-00073588 it amends the energy policy and
+scR54iRIGa4-00222-00073589-00074273 conservation Act of 1975 pub l 94 to 163
+scR54iRIGa4-00223-00074274-00074723 to authorize appropriations for FY 1993
+scR54iRIGa4-00224-00074724-00075053 through 1995 for the alternative fuels
+scR54iRIGa4-00225-00075054-00075375 truck commercial application program
+scR54iRIGa4-00226-00075376-00075674 second it amends the motor vehicle
+scR54iRIGa4-00227-00075675-00076067 information and cost savings Act of 1972
+scR54iRIGa4-00228-00076068-00076580 pub L 94 to 364 to reflect the
+scR54iRIGa4-00229-00076581-00076825 provisions of this act regarding the use
+scR54iRIGa4-00230-00076826-00077129 of alternative motor fuels Title IV
+scR54iRIGa4-00231-00077130-00077396 directs the Secretary of Energy the
+scR54iRIGa4-00232-00077397-00077648 secretary to establish a public
+scR54iRIGa4-00233-00077649-00077885 information program on the use of
+scR54iRIGa4-00234-00077886-00078155 alternative fuels in motor vehicles and
+scR54iRIGa4-00235-00078156-00078440 requires the secretary to establish a
+scR54iRIGa4-00236-00078441-00078698 data collection program for persons
+scR54iRIGa4-00237-00078699-00078980 engaged in certain activities related to
+scR54iRIGa4-00238-00078981-00079300 alternative fuel vehicles and facilities
+scR54iRIGa4-00239-00079301-00079646 this order also requires the Federal
+scR54iRIGa4-00240-00079647-00079886 Trade Commission to formulate and issue
+scR54iRIGa4-00241-00079887-00080159 rules for labeling requirements for
+scR54iRIGa4-00242-00080160-00080438 alternative fuels and alternative fueled
+scR54iRIGa4-00243-00080439-00080798 vehicles also the secretary is
+scR54iRIGa4-00244-00080799-00081076 instructed to promulgate guidelines for
+scR54iRIGa4-00245-00081077-00081356 comprehensive state program plans and
+scR54iRIGa4-00246-00081357-00081554 incentives to accelerate the
+scR54iRIGa4-00247-00081555-00081779 introduction and use of alternative
+scR54iRIGa4-00248-00081780-00082057 fuels and alternative fueled vehicles
+scR54iRIGa4-00249-00082058-00082369 Title IV also makes changes for the
+scR54iRIGa4-00250-00082370-00082681 Secretary of Transportation it
+scR54iRIGa4-00251-00082682-00082880 authorizes the Secretary of
+scR54iRIGa4-00252-00082881-00083180 Transportation to enter into cooperative
+scR54iRIGa4-00253-00083181-00083386 agreements and joint ventures with
+scR54iRIGa4-00254-00083387-00083626 governmental and regional transit
+scR54iRIGa4-00255-00083627-00083918 authorities of certain sized urban areas
+scR54iRIGa4-00256-00083919-00084134 to demonstrate the feasibility of
+scR54iRIGa4-00257-00084135-00084394 commercial application of alternative
+scR54iRIGa4-00258-00084395-00084686 fuels for motor vehicles used for mass
+scR54iRIGa4-00259-00084687-00085049 transit including school buses the
+scR54iRIGa4-00260-00085050-00085407 secretary is directed to do four things
+scR54iRIGa4-00261-00085408-00085681 first to ensure that a federal
+scR54iRIGa4-00262-00085682-00085940 certification program as a step
+scR54iRIGa4-00263-00085941-00086176 for technician training programs for
+scR54iRIGa4-00264-00086177-00086437 converting conventionally fueled motor
+scR54iRIGa4-00265-00086438-00086722 vehicles into dedicated or dual fueled
+scR54iRIGa4-00266-00086723-00087151 vehicles second to conduct a study to
+scR54iRIGa4-00267-00087152-00087385 determine whether the use of alternative
+scR54iRIGa4-00268-00087386-00087673 fuels in non Road vehicles and engines
+scR54iRIGa4-00269-00087674-00087883 would contribute substantially to
+scR54iRIGa4-00270-00087884-00088121 reduced reliance on imported energy
+scR54iRIGa4-00271-00088122-00088540 sources third to report to the Congress
+scR54iRIGa4-00272-00088541-00088846 on how federal purchasing policies and
+scR54iRIGa4-00273-00088847-00089110 governmental traffic control policies
+scR54iRIGa4-00274-00089111-00089365 affect the use of alternative fueled
+scR54iRIGa4-00275-00089366-00089761 vehicles fourth to establish a low
+scR54iRIGa4-00276-00089762-00090028 interest loan program to increase the
+scR54iRIGa4-00277-00090029-00090298 use by small businesses of alternative
+scR54iRIGa4-00278-00090299-00090905 fueled vehicles
+scR54iRIGa4-00279-00090906-00091315 topic title v availability and use of
+scR54iRIGa4-00280-00091316-00091652 replacement fuels alternative fuels and
+scR54iRIGa4-00281-00091653-00092293 alternative fueled private vehicles
+scR54iRIGa4-00282-00092294-00092632 Title V sets forth a timetable for the
+scR54iRIGa4-00283-00092633-00092863 acquisition of alternative fueled
+scR54iRIGa4-00284-00092864-00093193 vehicles by specified persons engaged in
+scR54iRIGa4-00285-00093194-00093579 fuels transactions it also sets forth
+scR54iRIGa4-00286-00093580-00093889 specified fleet program purchase goals
+scR54iRIGa4-00287-00093890-00094162 for alternative fueled vehicles for
+scR54iRIGa4-00288-00094163-00094426 specified calendar years including
+scR54iRIGa4-00289-00094427-00094735 mandatory State fleet programs and sets
+scR54iRIGa4-00290-00094736-00095029 forth civil penalties for violations of
+scR54iRIGa4-00291-00095030-00095317 this act this title also instructs the
+scR54iRIGa4-00292-00095318-00095752 Secretary of Energy to first establish a
+scR54iRIGa4-00293-00095753-00096001 program to promote the development and
+scR54iRIGa4-00294-00096002-00096271 use in light duty motor vehicles of
+scR54iRIGa4-00295-00096272-00096514 domestic replacement fuels in lieu of
+scR54iRIGa4-00296-00096515-00096958 petroleum motor fuels second estimate
+scR54iRIGa4-00297-00096959-00097192 annually the use and supply of
+scR54iRIGa4-00298-00097193-00097447 alternative and replacement fuels and
+scR54iRIGa4-00299-00097448-00097669 their effect upon greenhouse gas
+scR54iRIGa4-00300-00097670-00098083 emissions third require suppliers of
+scR54iRIGa4-00301-00098084-00098362 replacement and alternative fuels to
+scR54iRIGa4-00302-00098363-00098635 submit specified supply and greenhouse
+scR54iRIGa4-00303-00098636-00099021 gas related information to the secretary
+scR54iRIGa4-00304-00099022-00099370 fourth obtain voluntary commitments from
+scR54iRIGa4-00305-00099371-00099643 specified persons to make available to
+scR54iRIGa4-00306-00099644-00099871 the public replacement fuels and
+scR54iRIGa4-00307-00099872-00100087 alternative fueled vehicles and
+scR54iRIGa4-00308-00100088-00100734 attendant services
+scR54iRIGa4-00309-00100735-00101294 topic Energy Policy Act of 2005 EPAct
+scR54iRIGa4-00310-00101295-00101794 2005
+scR54iRIGa4-00311-00101795-00102121 the next major legislative document to
+scR54iRIGa4-00312-00102122-00102411 specifically deal with biofuels was the
+scR54iRIGa4-00313-00102413-00102940 Energy Policy Act of 2005 pub l 109 to
+scR54iRIGa4-00314-00102941-00103335 58 it recommended new studies as well as
+scR54iRIGa4-00315-00103336-00103578 gave Congress some more power in
+scR54iRIGa4-00316-00103579-00103983 regulating the biofuel industry it also
+scR54iRIGa4-00317-00103984-00104251 made some large steps in encouraging the
+scR54iRIGa4-00318-00104252-00104529 use of biofuels such as ethanol and
+scR54iRIGa4-00319-00104530-00105083 biodiesel
+scR54iRIGa4-00320-00105083-00105772 topic title seven vehicles and fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-00321-00105773-00106099 title seven makes changes for government
+scR54iRIGa4-00322-00106100-00106399 agencies and vehicle fleets in relation
+scR54iRIGa4-00323-00106400-00106790 to alternative fuels first in section
+scR54iRIGa4-00324-00106791-00107197 701 the energy policy and conservation
+scR54iRIGa4-00325-00107198-00107748 act pub L 94 to 163 is amended to cite
+scR54iRIGa4-00326-00107749-00108025 circumstances that permit an agency to
+scR54iRIGa4-00327-00108026-00108276 qualify for a waiver of the alternative
+scR54iRIGa4-00328-00108277-00108561 fuel use requirement applicable to dual
+scR54iRIGa4-00329-00108563-00108866 fueled federal light duty vehicles
+scR54iRIGa4-00330-00108867-00109297 second in section 702 changes from
+scR54iRIGa4-00331-00109298-00109582 discretionary to mandatory the authority
+scR54iRIGa4-00332-00109583-00109758 of the General Services Administration
+scR54iRIGa4-00333-00109758-00110173 GSA and any other federal agency that
+scR54iRIGa4-00334-00110174-00110494 procures motor vehicles for distribution
+scR54iRIGa4-00335-00110495-00110770 to other federal agencies to allocate
+scR54iRIGa4-00336-00110771-00111003 the incremental cost of alternative
+scR54iRIGa4-00337-00111004-00111244 fueled vehicles over the cost of
+scR54iRIGa4-00338-00111245-00111532 comparable gasoline vehicles across the
+scR54iRIGa4-00339-00111533-00111745 entire fleet of motor vehicles
+scR54iRIGa4-00340-00111746-00112206 distributed by such agency third section
+scR54iRIGa4-00341-00112207-00112720 705 changes from November 13 1999 to
+scR54iRIGa4-00342-00112721-00113133 February 15 2006 the deadline for the
+scR54iRIGa4-00343-00113134-00113361 first annual report by each federal
+scR54iRIGa4-00344-00113363-00113596 agency on its compliance with
+scR54iRIGa4-00345-00113597-00113877 alternative fueled vehicle purchasing
+scR54iRIGa4-00346-00113878-00114390 requirements fourth section 707 exempts
+scR54iRIGa4-00347-00114391-00114639 from the alternative fuel requirements
+scR54iRIGa4-00348-00114640-00115068 of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 hub L
+scR54iRIGa4-00349-00115069-00115573 102 to 486 Vehicles directly used in the
+scR54iRIGa4-00350-00115574-00115831 emergency repair of transmission lines
+scR54iRIGa4-00351-00115832-00116085 and in the restoration of electricity
+scR54iRIGa4-00352-00116086-00116427 service following power outages title 7
+scR54iRIGa4-00353-00116428-00116632 makes a number of changes for the
+scR54iRIGa4-00354-00116633-00117126 Secretary of Energy first section 703
+scR54iRIGa4-00355-00117127-00117516 amends the Energy Policy Act of 1990 to
+scR54iRIGa4-00356-00117517-00118024 pub L 102 to 486 to authorize the
+scR54iRIGa4-00357-00118025-00118302 Secretary of Energy to waive compliance
+scR54iRIGa4-00358-00118303-00118527 with the fleet requirement program
+scR54iRIGa4-00359-00118528-00118761 governing federal and state motor
+scR54iRIGa4-00360-00118762-00118988 vehicle fleets
+scR54iRIGa4-00361-00118989-00119201 this applies only if it is shown that
+scR54iRIGa4-00362-00119202-00119450 the fleet will achieve a reduction in
+scR54iRIGa4-00363-00119451-00119717 annual petroleum fuel consumption and
+scR54iRIGa4-00364-00119718-00119990 complies with all applicable vehicle
+scR54iRIGa4-00365-00119991-00120380 emission standards second the Secretary
+scR54iRIGa4-00366-00120381-00120773 of Energy as instructed by section 706
+scR54iRIGa4-00367-00120774-00121024 to establish a program to improve
+scR54iRIGa4-00368-00121025-00121238 technologies for the commercialization
+scR54iRIGa4-00369-00121239-00121608 two classifications of vehicles one
+scR54iRIGa4-00370-00121609-00121994 combination hybrid flexible fuel vehicle
+scR54iRIGa4-00371-00121995-00122369 2 combination plug-in hybrid flexible
+scR54iRIGa4-00372-00122370-00122624 fuel vehicle this section also
+scR54iRIGa4-00373-00122625-00123200 authorizes funds for FY 200 6fy 200 9
+scR54iRIGa4-00374-00123201-00123548 for establishing this program third
+scR54iRIGa4-00375-00123549-00123953 section 704 directs the secretary to
+scR54iRIGa4-00376-00123954-00124186 study and report to Congress on the
+scR54iRIGa4-00377-00124188-00124430 effect that certain alternative fueled
+scR54iRIGa4-00378-00124431-00124700 vehicle requirements have had on three
+scR54iRIGa4-00379-00124701-00124849 areas
+scR54iRIGa4-00380-00124850-00125165 one the development of alternative
+scR54iRIGa4-00381-00125166-00125656 fueled vehicle technology to the
+scR54iRIGa4-00382-00125657-00125916 availability of that technology in the
+scR54iRIGa4-00383-00125917-00126288 market three the cost of alternative
+scR54iRIGa4-00384-00126289-00126895 fueled vehicles
+scR54iRIGa4-00385-00126896-00127879 topic title X research and development
+scR54iRIGa4-00386-00127880-00128558 topic subtitles C renewable energy
+scR54iRIGa4-00387-00128559-00129064 section 932 of subtitle C directs the
+scR54iRIGa4-00388-00129065-00129316 Secretary to conduct a program of
+scR54iRIGa4-00389-00129317-00129613 research development demonstration and
+scR54iRIGa4-00390-00129614-00129948 commercial application for bioenergy
+scR54iRIGa4-00391-00129949-00130324 areas of interest include one bio power
+scR54iRIGa4-00392-00130325-00130734 energy systems to biofuels three bio
+scR54iRIGa4-00393-00130735-00131083 products for integrated biorefineries
+scR54iRIGa4-00394-00131084-00131407 that may produce bio power biofuels and
+scR54iRIGa4-00395-00131408-00131698 bioproducts and five cross-cutting
+scR54iRIGa4-00396-00131699-00131965 research and development in feedstocks
+scR54iRIGa4-00397-00131966-00132712 six integrated biorefineries
+scR54iRIGa4-00398-00132713-00133135 topic subtitle D agricultural biomass
+scR54iRIGa4-00399-00133136-00133731 for research and development programs
+scR54iRIGa4-00400-00133732-00134032 subtitle D creates of number of duties
+scR54iRIGa4-00401-00134033-00134284 for the secretaries of energy and
+scR54iRIGa4-00402-00134285-00134821 agriculture in Section 941 of subtitle D
+scR54iRIGa4-00403-00134822-00135102 the secretaries of Agriculture and of
+scR54iRIGa4-00404-00135103-00135378 energy are instructed to direct research
+scR54iRIGa4-00405-00135379-00135631 and development toward three areas
+scR54iRIGa4-00406-00135632-00136029 related to biofuels first feedstock
+scR54iRIGa4-00407-00136030-00136246 production through the development of
+scR54iRIGa4-00408-00136247-00136531 crops and cropping systems relevant to
+scR54iRIGa4-00409-00136532-00136750 production of raw materials for
+scR54iRIGa4-00410-00136751-00137004 conversion to bio-based fuels and
+scR54iRIGa4-00411-00137005-00137395 bio-based products second developing
+scR54iRIGa4-00412-00137396-00137656 technologies for converting cellulosic
+scR54iRIGa4-00413-00137657-00137935 biomass into intermediates that can
+scR54iRIGa4-00414-00137936-00138204 subsequently be converted into bio-based
+scR54iRIGa4-00415-00138205-00138589 fuels and bio-based products third
+scR54iRIGa4-00416-00138590-00138820 product diversification through
+scR54iRIGa4-00417-00138821-00139102 technologies relevant to production of a
+scR54iRIGa4-00418-00139103-00139387 range of bio-based products including
+scR54iRIGa4-00419-00139388-00139702 chemicals animal feeds and Co generated
+scR54iRIGa4-00420-00139703-00139972 power that eventually can increase the
+scR54iRIGa4-00421-00139973-00140236 feasibility of fuel production in a bio
+scR54iRIGa4-00422-00140237-00140635 refinery this section authorizes funds
+scR54iRIGa4-00423-00140636-00141279 for the program for FY 200 6fy 201 v for
+scR54iRIGa4-00424-00141280-00141663 the Secretary of Energy section 942
+scR54iRIGa4-00425-00141664-00141976 instructs the secretary to establish an
+scR54iRIGa4-00426-00141977-00142227 incentive program for the production of
+scR54iRIGa4-00427-00142228-00142588 cellulosic biofuels this section
+scR54iRIGa4-00428-00142589-00142800 prescribes procedural guidelines
+scR54iRIGa4-00429-00142801-00143083 including auction and reverse auction
+scR54iRIGa4-00430-00143084-00143299 procedures for the Secretary of
+scR54iRIGa4-00431-00143300-00143731 Agriculture section 944 directs the
+scR54iRIGa4-00432-00143732-00143950 Secretary to make available on a
+scR54iRIGa4-00433-00143951-00144211 competitive basis grants for entities
+scR54iRIGa4-00434-00144212-00144525 that meet any of three classifications
+scR54iRIGa4-00435-00144526-00144895 first certain small manufacturers for
+scR54iRIGa4-00436-00144896-00145122 bio-based product marketing and
+scR54iRIGa4-00437-00145123-00145393 certification purposes
+scR54iRIGa4-00438-00145394-00145699 second a certain regional Bioeconomy
+scR54iRIGa4-00439-00145700-00146014 Development Association agricultural or
+scR54iRIGa4-00440-00146015-00146328 energy trade association or land-grant
+scR54iRIGa4-00441-00146329-00146745 institution third enterprises owned by
+scR54iRIGa4-00442-00146746-00147031 agricultural producers for the purposes
+scR54iRIGa4-00443-00147032-00147259 of demonstrating cost-effective
+scR54iRIGa4-00444-00147260-00147553 cellulosic biomass innovations for
+scR54iRIGa4-00445-00147554-00147787 feedstock pre-processing and crop
+scR54iRIGa4-00446-00147788-00148039 harvesting with a requirement to produce
+scR54iRIGa4-00447-00148040-00148365 ethanol or for another energy purpose
+scR54iRIGa4-00448-00148366-00148708 this section authorizes funds for the
+scR54iRIGa4-00449-00148709-00149290 program for FY 200 6fy 201 five the
+scR54iRIGa4-00450-00149291-00149551 secretary of agriculture is also
+scR54iRIGa4-00451-00149552-00149962 instructed in section 947 to carry out
+scR54iRIGa4-00452-00149963-00150406 two actions first establish a program of
+scR54iRIGa4-00453-00150407-00150658 education and outreach on bio-based
+scR54iRIGa4-00454-00150659-00151069 fuels and bio-based products second
+scR54iRIGa4-00455-00151070-00151291 report to certain congressional
+scR54iRIGa4-00456-00151292-00151564 committees on the economic potential for
+scR54iRIGa4-00457-00151565-00151732 the united states of the widespread
+scR54iRIGa4-00458-00151733-00152014 production and use of commercial and
+scR54iRIGa4-00459-00152015-00152275 industrial bio-based products through
+scR54iRIGa4-00460-00152276-00152987 calendar year 2025
+scR54iRIGa4-00461-00152988-00153425 topic title 13 energy policy tax
+scR54iRIGa4-00462-00153426-00153818 incentives
+scR54iRIGa4-00463-00153819-00154113 you
+scR54iRIGa4-00464-00154114-00154500 topic subtitle D alternative motor
+scR54iRIGa4-00465-00154501-00155048 vehicles and fuels incentives
+scR54iRIGa4-00466-00155049-00155424 subtitle D of title 13 created a number
+scR54iRIGa4-00467-00155425-00155676 of tax incentives for production of
+scR54iRIGa4-00468-00155677-00155940 biofuels and other alternative fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-00469-00155941-00156396 technologies two sections of subtitle D
+scR54iRIGa4-00470-00156397-00156660 address investing in alternative fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-00471-00156661-00156948 technologies and installing small-scale
+scR54iRIGa4-00472-00156949-00157146 infrastructure for alternative
+scR54iRIGa4-00473-00157147-00157650 technologies first section 1341 allows a
+scR54iRIGa4-00474-00157651-00157902 tax credit for investment in alternative
+scR54iRIGa4-00475-00157903-00158238 motor vehicles technology including
+scR54iRIGa4-00476-00158239-00158540 qualified fuel cell advanced lean-burn
+scR54iRIGa4-00477-00158541-00158853 technology hybrid and alternative fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-00478-00158854-00159231 motor vehicles basis the amount of such
+scR54iRIGa4-00479-00159232-00159534 credit on criteria relating to vehicle
+scR54iRIGa4-00480-00159535-00159876 weight and fuel efficiency terminates
+scR54iRIGa4-00481-00159877-00160218 such credit after 2014 for qualified
+scR54iRIGa4-00482-00160219-00160554 fuel cell motor vehicles and after 2010
+scR54iRIGa4-00483-00160555-00160833 for advanced lean-burn hybrid and
+scR54iRIGa4-00484-00160834-00161220 alternative fuel motor vehicles second
+scR54iRIGa4-00485-00161221-00161625 section 13 42 allows a tax credit for
+scR54iRIGa4-00486-00161626-00161889 30% of the cost of installing a
+scR54iRIGa4-00487-00161890-00162126 commercial or residential refueling
+scR54iRIGa4-00488-00162127-00162345 property for dispensing certain
+scR54iRIGa4-00489-00162346-00162612 alternative fuels consisting of at least
+scR54iRIGa4-00490-00162613-00162996 85 percent by volume of ethanol natural
+scR54iRIGa4-00491-00162997-00163308 gas and petroleum gases hydrogen or
+scR54iRIGa4-00492-00163309-00163674 biodiesel limits the dollar amount of
+scR54iRIGa4-00493-00163675-00164022 such credit to $30,000 for commercial
+scR54iRIGa4-00494-00164023-00164337 property and $1,000 for residential
+scR54iRIGa4-00495-00164338-00164718 property terminates such credit after
+scR54iRIGa4-00496-00164719-00165174 2009 after 2014 for property relating to
+scR54iRIGa4-00497-00165175-00165474 hydrogen for sections of subtitle D
+scR54iRIGa4-00498-00165475-00165843 address production of biofuels first
+scR54iRIGa4-00499-00165844-00166266 section 1344 extended the biodiesel tax
+scR54iRIGa4-00500-00166267-00166608 credit producers of biodiesel can claim
+scR54iRIGa4-00501-00166609-00167028 a tax credit of $1.00 per gallon as of
+scR54iRIGa4-00502-00167029-00167340 this bill the $1 credit applied to new
+scR54iRIGa4-00503-00167341-00167679 agricultural based biodiesel
+scR54iRIGa4-00504-00167680-00167920 credit of 50 cents per gallon was
+scR54iRIGa4-00505-00167921-00168225 applied to used feedstocks such as fryer
+scR54iRIGa4-00506-00168226-00168847 grease expired December 31st 2009 second
+scR54iRIGa4-00507-00168848-00169224 section 13 45 establishes the small
+scR54iRIGa4-00508-00169225-00169587 agora by a diesel producer credit this
+scR54iRIGa4-00509-00169588-00169902 tax credit valued at 10 cents per gallon
+scR54iRIGa4-00510-00169903-00170175 of biodiesel produced directly from
+scR54iRIGa4-00511-00170176-00170513 agricultural crops or livestock fats
+scR54iRIGa4-00512-00170514-00170841 credit can be claimed on the first 15
+scR54iRIGa4-00513-00170842-00171271 million u.s. gallons 57,000 cubic meters
+scR54iRIGa4-00514-00171272-00171481 and applies to producers with a
+scR54iRIGa4-00515-00171482-00171774 production capacity below 60 million
+scR54iRIGa4-00516-00171775-00172116 u.s. gallons 230 thousand cubic meters
+scR54iRIGa4-00517-00172117-00172488 per year this credit as with other
+scR54iRIGa4-00518-00172489-00172788 biofuel tax credits is administered by
+scR54iRIGa4-00519-00172789-00173257 the Internal Revenue Service IRS expired
+scR54iRIGa4-00520-00173258-00173856 on December 31st 2009 third section 1346
+scR54iRIGa4-00521-00173857-00174129 established the renewable diesel tax
+scR54iRIGa4-00522-00174130-00174549 credit $1 per gallon tax credit per
+scR54iRIGa4-00523-00174550-00174808 gallon of biomass based renewable
+scR54iRIGa4-00524-00174809-00175089 biodiesel renewable diesel if produced
+scR54iRIGa4-00525-00175090-00175423 through different processes expired
+scR54iRIGa4-00526-00175424-00176032 December 31st 2009 fourth section 13 47
+scR54iRIGa4-00527-00176033-00176313 revises the definition of eligible small
+scR54iRIGa4-00528-00176314-00176625 ethanol producer for purposes of the tax
+scR54iRIGa4-00529-00176626-00176913 credit for alcohol used as fuel to
+scR54iRIGa4-00530-00176914-00177118 increase the limit on a producer's
+scR54iRIGa4-00531-00177119-00177469 alcohol production capacity from 30,000
+scR54iRIGa4-00532-00177470-00178396 to 60,000 US gallons 230,000 L
+scR54iRIGa4-00533-00178397-00179467 topic title 15 ethanol and motor fuels
+scR54iRIGa4-00534-00179468-00180179 topic subtitle a general provisions
+scR54iRIGa4-00535-00180180-00180576 subtitle a of title 15 addresses ethanol
+scR54iRIGa4-00536-00180577-00180906 and fuels for motor vehicles this
+scR54iRIGa4-00537-00180907-00181215 section created new programs and duties
+scR54iRIGa4-00538-00181216-00181500 for federal agencies
+scR54iRIGa4-00539-00181501-00181803 the new program created by this act in
+scR54iRIGa4-00540-00181804-00182133 section 15 oh one of this subtitle was
+scR54iRIGa4-00541-00182134-00182433 the renewable fuel standard the
+scR54iRIGa4-00542-00182434-00182763 Renewable Fuels standard RFS requires
+scR54iRIGa4-00543-00182764-00183024 the blending of renewable fuels such as
+scR54iRIGa4-00544-00183025-00183339 ethanol and biodiesel in transportation
+scR54iRIGa4-00545-00183340-00183726 fuels it was later expanded upon by the
+scR54iRIGa4-00546-00183727-00184023 Energy Independence and Security Act of
+scR54iRIGa4-00547-00184024-00184683 2007 pub l110 to 144 government agencies
+scR54iRIGa4-00548-00184684-00184991 subtitle a requires the Federal Trade
+scR54iRIGa4-00549-00184992-00185331 Commission FTC to report annually to
+scR54iRIGa4-00550-00185332-00185544 Congress and the administrator on a
+scR54iRIGa4-00551-00185545-00185804 market concentration analysis to
+scR54iRIGa4-00552-00185805-00185984 determine whether there is sufficient
+scR54iRIGa4-00553-00185985-00186219 competition among ethanol production
+scR54iRIGa4-00554-00186220-00186503 industry participants to avoid price
+scR54iRIGa4-00555-00186504-00186669 setting and other anti-competitive
+scR54iRIGa4-00556-00186670-00187233 behavior in addition SEC 1506 directs
+scR54iRIGa4-00557-00187234-00187503 the administrator to study and report to
+scR54iRIGa4-00558-00187504-00187715 Congress on the effects of ethanol
+scR54iRIGa4-00559-00187716-00188022 content in gasoline on permeation the
+scR54iRIGa4-00560-00188023-00188334 process by which fuel molecules migrate
+scR54iRIGa4-00561-00188335-00188598 through the elastomeric materials rubber
+scR54iRIGa4-00562-00188599-00188874 and plastic parts that make up the fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-00563-00188875-00189104 and fuel vapor systems of a motor
+scR54iRIGa4-00564-00189105-00189515 vehicle subtitle a also addresses the
+scR54iRIGa4-00565-00189516-00189903 Department of Energy in Section 1508
+scR54iRIGa4-00566-00189904-00190188 this Act amends the Department of Energy
+scR54iRIGa4-00567-00190189-00190422 organization Act to instruct the
+scR54iRIGa4-00568-00190423-00190616 administrator of the Energy Information
+scR54iRIGa4-00569-00190617-00190938 Administration to survey and publish
+scR54iRIGa4-00570-00190939-00191211 monthly the Renewable Fuels demand in
+scR54iRIGa4-00571-00191212-00191571 the motor vehicle fuels market section
+scR54iRIGa4-00572-00191572-00191910 1510 of this Act directs the secretary
+scR54iRIGa4-00573-00191911-00192162 to establish a program to provide
+scR54iRIGa4-00574-00192163-00192396 guarantees of loans by private
+scR54iRIGa4-00575-00192397-00192624 institutions for the construction of
+scR54iRIGa4-00576-00192625-00192846 facilities for the processing and
+scR54iRIGa4-00577-00192847-00193125 conversion of municipal solid waste and
+scR54iRIGa4-00578-00193126-00193476 cellulosic biomass into ethanol fuel and
+scR54iRIGa4-00579-00193477-00193778 other commercial byproducts subtitle a
+scR54iRIGa4-00580-00193779-00194049 also addresses existing pieces of
+scR54iRIGa4-00581-00194050-00194475 legislation section 1511 of this act
+scR54iRIGa4-00582-00194476-00194874 amends the Clean Air Act pub l88 to
+scR54iRIGa4-00583-00194875-00195327 206 in two ways first it authorizes
+scR54iRIGa4-00584-00195328-00195615 funds for certain loan guarantees to
+scR54iRIGa4-00585-00195616-00195837 implement commercial demonstration
+scR54iRIGa4-00586-00195838-00196119 projects for cellulosic ethanol and
+scR54iRIGa4-00587-00196120-00196473 sucrose derived ethanol second it
+scR54iRIGa4-00588-00196474-00196773 directs the Secretary of Energy to issue
+scR54iRIGa4-00589-00196774-00197088 loan guarantees for up to four projects
+scR54iRIGa4-00590-00197089-00197280 to commercially demonstrate the
+scR54iRIGa4-00591-00197281-00197550 feasibility and viability of producing
+scR54iRIGa4-00592-00197551-00197871 cellulosic biomass ethanol or sucrose
+scR54iRIGa4-00593-00197872-00198186 derived ethanol including use of cereal
+scR54iRIGa4-00594-00198187-00198453 straw and municipal solid waste as a
+scR54iRIGa4-00595-00198454-00198938 feedstock the Clean Air Act pub l88 to
+scR54iRIGa4-00596-00198939-00199412 206 is further amended but section 1513
+scR54iRIGa4-00597-00199413-00199877 this amends the Clean Air Act pub l88 to
+scR54iRIGa4-00598-00199878-00200229 206 to cite circumstances under which it
+scR54iRIGa4-00599-00200230-00200523 shall not be a violation of the Act for
+scR54iRIGa4-00600-00200524-00200808 a gasoline retailer to blend at a retail
+scR54iRIGa4-00601-00200809-00201111 location batches of ethanol blended and
+scR54iRIGa4-00602-00201112-00201335 non ethanol blended reformulated
+scR54iRIGa4-00603-00201336-00201858 gasoline section 1515 amends the Energy
+scR54iRIGa4-00604-00201859-00202482 Policy Act of 1990 to pub L 102 to 486
+scR54iRIGa4-00605-00202483-00202740 to redefine biodiesel to include
+scR54iRIGa4-00606-00202741-00203094 biodiesel derived from one animal wastes
+scR54iRIGa4-00607-00203095-00203349 including poultry fats and poultry
+scR54iRIGa4-00608-00203350-00203667 wastes and other waste materials or to
+scR54iRIGa4-00609-00203668-00203967 municipal solid waste and sludges and
+scR54iRIGa4-00610-00203968-00204210 oils derived from wastewater and the
+scR54iRIGa4-00611-00204211-00204504 treatment of wastewater subtitle a also
+scR54iRIGa4-00612-00204505-00204819 provides funding opportunities for areas
+scR54iRIGa4-00613-00204819-00205209 related to biofuels it provides for the
+scR54iRIGa4-00614-00205210-00205460 generation of credits
+scR54iRIGa4-00615-00205461-00205838 one by any person that refines blends or
+scR54iRIGa4-00616-00205839-00206165 imports gasoline that contains renewable
+scR54iRIGa4-00617-00206166-00206517 fuel exceeding the statutory requirement
+scR54iRIGa4-00618-00206519-00206975 to for biodiesel three by small
+scR54iRIGa4-00619-00206976-00207260 refineries also provided our funding
+scR54iRIGa4-00620-00207261-00207491 opportunities for research centers and
+scR54iRIGa4-00621-00207492-00207817 universities it authorizes
+scR54iRIGa4-00622-00207817-00208400 appropriations for FY 200 5 FY 200 7 for
+scR54iRIGa4-00623-00208401-00208613 a resource center to develop bio
+scR54iRIGa4-00624-00208614-00208876 conversion technology using low-cost
+scR54iRIGa4-00625-00208877-00209180 biomass for the production of ethanol at
+scR54iRIGa4-00626-00209181-00209456 the Center for biomass based energy at
+scR54iRIGa4-00627-00209457-00209708 the Mississippi State University and the
+scR54iRIGa4-00628-00209709-00210017 Oklahoma State University subtitle a
+scR54iRIGa4-00629-00210017-00210281 provides instructions for to government
+scR54iRIGa4-00630-00210282-00210635 agencies to fund research the first
+scR54iRIGa4-00631-00210636-00210919 agency addressed is the Environmental
+scR54iRIGa4-00632-00210921-00211171 Protection Agency directing the
+scR54iRIGa4-00633-00211173-00211451 administrator of the EPA to provide
+scR54iRIGa4-00634-00211452-00211696 grants for research development and
+scR54iRIGa4-00635-00211698-00211940 implementation of renewable fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-00636-00211941-00212213 production technologies in specified
+scR54iRIGa4-00637-00212214-00212444 states with low rates of ethanol
+scR54iRIGa4-00638-00212444-00212687 production including low rates of
+scR54iRIGa4-00639-00212688-00212986 production of cellulosic biomass ethanol
+scR54iRIGa4-00640-00212987-00213533 in addition section 1514 directs the epa
+scR54iRIGa4-00641-00213534-00213794 administrator to
+scR54iRIGa4-00642-00213794-00214100 one establish an advanced biofuel
+scR54iRIGa4-00643-00214101-00214342 technologies program to demonstrate
+scR54iRIGa4-00644-00214342-00214640 advanced technologies for the production
+scR54iRIGa4-00645-00214641-00215005 of alternative transportation fuels
+scR54iRIGa4-00646-00215006-00215290 to give priority to projects that
+scR54iRIGa4-00647-00215291-00215566 enhance the geographical diversity of
+scR54iRIGa4-00648-00215567-00215851 alternative fuels production and utilize
+scR54iRIGa4-00649-00215852-00216217 feedstocks that represent 10% or less of
+scR54iRIGa4-00650-00216217-00216481 domestic ethanol or biodiesel fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-00651-00216482-00216706 production during the previous fiscal
+scR54iRIGa4-00652-00216707-00216828 year
+scR54iRIGa4-00653-00216829-00217177 three fund demonstration projects to
+scR54iRIGa4-00654-00217178-00217429 develop conversion technologies for
+scR54iRIGa4-00655-00217430-00217729 producing cellulosic biomass ethanol and
+scR54iRIGa4-00656-00217730-00217981 for co-producing value-added bio
+scR54iRIGa4-00657-00217982-00218257 products such as fertilizers herbicides
+scR54iRIGa4-00658-00218258-00218626 and pesticides resulting from biodiesel
+scR54iRIGa4-00659-00218627-00218931 fuel production authorizes
+scR54iRIGa4-00660-00218932-00219550 appropriations for FY 200 5 FY 200 9 the
+scR54iRIGa4-00661-00219551-00219838 second agency addressed is Department of
+scR54iRIGa4-00662-00219839-00220148 Energy with ways to provide funding
+scR54iRIGa4-00663-00220150-00220573 Section 1512 authorizes the Secretary of
+scR54iRIGa4-00664-00220573-00220848 Energy to provide grants to merchant
+scR54iRIGa4-00665-00220850-00221116 producers of cellulosic biomass ethanol
+scR54iRIGa4-00666-00221117-00221410 waste derived ethanol and approved
+scR54iRIGa4-00667-00221411-00221719 renewable fuels in the United States to
+scR54iRIGa4-00668-00221719-00221926 assist them in building eligible
+scR54iRIGa4-00669-00221927-00222181 production facilities for the production
+scR54iRIGa4-00670-00222182-00222561 of ethanol or approved renewable fuels
+scR54iRIGa4-00671-00222562-00223017 authorizes appropriations for FY 200 6
+scR54iRIGa4-00672-00223019-00223696 FY 200 8 also section 15 16 authorizes
+scR54iRIGa4-00673-00223696-00223996 funds for and authorizes the secretary
+scR54iRIGa4-00674-00223996-00224323 to issue loan guarantees to projects to
+scR54iRIGa4-00675-00224323-00224554 demonstrate commercially the feasibility
+scR54iRIGa4-00676-00224555-00224878 and viability of producing ethanol using
+scR54iRIGa4-00677-00224879-00225184 sugarcane sugarcane bagasse and other
+scR54iRIGa4-00678-00225185-00225983 sugarcane byproducts as a feedstock
+scR54iRIGa4-00679-00225984-00226294 topic Energy Independence and Security
+scR54iRIGa4-00680-00226296-00227202 Act of 2007 ASA 2007
+scR54iRIGa4-00681-00227203-00227502 the Energy Independence and Security Act
+scR54iRIGa4-00682-00227503-00228296 of 2007 pub l110 to 140 HR six is an
+scR54iRIGa4-00683-00228298-00228660 omnibus Energy Policy Act of the 16
+scR54iRIGa4-00684-00228661-00228954 titles contained within ASA four of them
+scR54iRIGa4-00685-00228955-00229723 can be related to alternative fuels
+scR54iRIGa4-00686-00229723-00230121 topic title I energy security through
+scR54iRIGa4-00687-00230123-00230671 improved fuel economy
+scR54iRIGa4-00688-00230671-00230967 part of promotion of alternative fuels
+scR54iRIGa4-00689-00230969-00231255 as ensuring consumers understand the
+scR54iRIGa4-00690-00231256-00231637 applicability of various fuels this is
+scR54iRIGa4-00691-00231638-00231909 done supported by ASA Title I which
+scR54iRIGa4-00692-00231910-00232114 requires that the Secretary of
+scR54iRIGa4-00693-00232115-00232407 Transportation to promulgate rules to
+scR54iRIGa4-00694-00232408-00232698 require fuel compartments of alternative
+scR54iRIGa4-00695-00232700-00232980 fuel vehicles to be labeled to indicate
+scR54iRIGa4-00696-00232981-00233242 the types of fuels suitable for use in
+scR54iRIGa4-00697-00233242-00233542 these vehicles a final rule as to be
+scR54iRIGa4-00698-00233542-00233851 issued by June 2011 the corporate
+scR54iRIGa4-00699-00233852-00234142 average fuel economy cafe allows
+scR54iRIGa4-00700-00234142-00234439 automobile producers to receive credits
+scR54iRIGa4-00701-00234440-00234676 towards cafe requirements from
+scR54iRIGa4-00702-00234677-00234885 production of alternative fueled
+scR54iRIGa4-00703-00234886-00235317 vehicles ASA Title I amends this program
+scR54iRIGa4-00704-00235319-00235564 by extending issuance of credits for
+scR54iRIGa4-00705-00235565-00236006 alternative fuel vehicles through 2019
+scR54iRIGa4-00706-00236007-00236241 additionally it allows vehicles
+scR54iRIGa4-00707-00236242-00236554 operating on a blend of 20% biodiesel
+scR54iRIGa4-00708-00236555-00236934 and 80% petroleum to be considered for
+scR54iRIGa4-00709-00236935-00237175 cafe credits these vehicles were
+scR54iRIGa4-00710-00237176-00237837 previously excluded
+scR54iRIGa4-00711-00237838-00238244 topic title - energy security through
+scR54iRIGa4-00712-00238246-00238854 increased production of biofuels
+scR54iRIGa4-00713-00238855-00239178 of particular importance in title 2 as
+scR54iRIGa4-00714-00239179-00239385 the promotion of alternative fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-00715-00239386-00239646 production much of which is supported by
+scR54iRIGa4-00716-00239647-00240048 improved funding mechanisms as such the
+scR54iRIGa4-00717-00240049-00240321 Secretary of Energy has to establish a
+scR54iRIGa4-00718-00240322-00240613 grant program for advanced biofuels
+scR54iRIGa4-00719-00240614-00240981 which have at least 80% less GHG
+scR54iRIGa4-00720-00240982-00241371 emissions than current fuels in addition
+scR54iRIGa4-00721-00241372-00241695 title 2 authorizes funds to encourage
+scR54iRIGa4-00722-00241696-00241968 States with low ethanol and cellulosic
+scR54iRIGa4-00723-00241969-00242164 ethanol production to increase
+scR54iRIGa4-00724-00242165-00242491 production and requires the secretary of
+scR54iRIGa4-00725-00242492-00242740 agriculture as to establish a research
+scR54iRIGa4-00726-00242741-00242984 and development program to promote
+scR54iRIGa4-00727-00242985-00243279 small-scale production and local on-farm
+scR54iRIGa4-00728-00243280-00243624 use of biofuels to monitor these
+scR54iRIGa4-00729-00243625-00243909 policies effectiveness the Secretary of
+scR54iRIGa4-00730-00243910-00244182 Energy is required to report to Congress
+scR54iRIGa4-00731-00244183-00244500 on the challenges to expanding biodiesel
+scR54iRIGa4-00732-00244501-00244740 and biogas use
+scR54iRIGa4-00733-00244741-00245055 promotion of alternative fuels has also
+scR54iRIGa4-00734-00245056-00245269 demonstrated through the Renewable Fuels
+scR54iRIGa4-00735-00245269-00245746 standard RFS which was set in EPAct 2005
+scR54iRIGa4-00736-00245746-00246088 in increased by asa title to to a total
+scR54iRIGa4-00737-00246089-00246396 of nine billion US gallons thirty four
+scR54iRIGa4-00738-00246398-00246796 million cubic meters in 2008 and 36
+scR54iRIGa4-00739-00246796-00247201 billion US gallons 140 million cubic
+scR54iRIGa4-00740-00247202-00247582 meters in 2022 title 2 also allows
+scR54iRIGa4-00741-00247583-00247912 amends the RFS by allowing for inclusion
+scR54iRIGa4-00742-00247913-00248227 of all transportation fuels except for
+scR54iRIGa4-00743-00248228-00248500 those used in ocean-going vessels to be
+scR54iRIGa4-00744-00248501-00248778 used to meet these new requirements
+scR54iRIGa4-00745-00248779-00249144 beginning in 2009 an increasing amount
+scR54iRIGa4-00746-00249146-00249396 of these fuels must be sourced from
+scR54iRIGa4-00747-00249398-00249700 something other than cornstarch with 50%
+scR54iRIGa4-00748-00249701-00250255 fewer greenhouse gas GHG emissions this
+scR54iRIGa4-00749-00250256-00250546 requirement has increased to 21 billion
+scR54iRIGa4-00750-00250546-00250963 US gallons 79 million cubic meters of
+scR54iRIGa4-00751-00250964-00251332 advanced biofuel by the year 2022 to
+scR54iRIGa4-00752-00251333-00251667 evaluate the influence of the RFS the
+scR54iRIGa4-00753-00251669-00251989 Secretary of Energy in cooperation with
+scR54iRIGa4-00754-00251990-00252229 the Secretary of Agriculture and the
+scR54iRIGa4-00755-00252230-00252555 Environmental Protection Agency's EPA's
+scR54iRIGa4-00756-00252556-00252856 administrator is required to agree with
+scR54iRIGa4-00757-00252857-00253219 the National Academy of Sciences NSA to
+scR54iRIGa4-00758-00253219-00253477 study the impacts of the RFS on
+scR54iRIGa4-00759-00253478-00253750 industries related to alternative fuels
+scR54iRIGa4-00760-00253751-00254017 production and make recommendations to
+scR54iRIGa4-00761-00254017-00254278 limit adverse economic impacts of the
+scR54iRIGa4-00762-00254279-00254710 RFS to evaluate the environmental and
+scR54iRIGa4-00763-00254711-00255067 resource impacts of the RFS title 2 also
+scR54iRIGa4-00764-00255067-00255346 requires that the administrator of the
+scR54iRIGa4-00765-00255346-00255664 EPA the Secretary of Agriculture and the
+scR54iRIGa4-00766-00255665-00255964 Secretary of Energy study the effects
+scR54iRIGa4-00767-00255965-00256269 that the RFS may have on environmental
+scR54iRIGa4-00768-00256271-00256531 and resource conservation issues and
+scR54iRIGa4-00769-00256532-00256879 invasive or noxious species asa title 2
+scR54iRIGa4-00770-00256880-00257134 introduces a number of requirements
+scR54iRIGa4-00771-00257135-00257334 intended to promote technological
+scR54iRIGa4-00772-00257335-00257507 advancement
+scR54iRIGa4-00773-00257508-00257789 the Secretary of Energy and the EPA
+scR54iRIGa4-00774-00257790-00258080 Administrator are required to study the
+scR54iRIGa4-00775-00258081-00258292 effects of biodiesel on engine
+scR54iRIGa4-00776-00258294-00258546 performance and durability
+scR54iRIGa4-00777-00258548-00258857 additionally the Secretary of Energy is
+scR54iRIGa4-00778-00258858-00259142 required to determine if optimization of
+scR54iRIGa4-00779-00259142-00259471 ffv s would increase fuel efficiency and
+scR54iRIGa4-00780-00259473-00259706 the potential for running natural gas
+scR54iRIGa4-00781-00259707-00260183 fueled vehicles with biogas also the EPA
+scR54iRIGa4-00782-00260184-00260494 Administrator is required to investigate
+scR54iRIGa4-00783-00260496-00260801 the feasibility of issuing RFS credits
+scR54iRIGa4-00784-00260802-00261032 for electric vehicles powered by
+scR54iRIGa4-00785-00261033-00261344 electricity from renewable sources in
+scR54iRIGa4-00786-00261344-00261646 addition to requiring these studies to
+scR54iRIGa4-00787-00261648-00261935 be performed the Secretary of Energy as
+scR54iRIGa4-00788-00261936-00262154 to establish a competitive grant
+scR54iRIGa4-00789-00262155-00262388 awarding program for research on
+scR54iRIGa4-00790-00262389-00262631 renewable energy technologies at
+scR54iRIGa4-00791-00262632-00262874 Institutes of higher education and
+scR54iRIGa4-00792-00262875-00263132 report to Congress on progress toward
+scR54iRIGa4-00793-00263133-00263464 using algae as a biofuel feedstock
+scR54iRIGa4-00794-00263465-00264143 lastly section 932 of pub L 109 258 as
+scR54iRIGa4-00795-00264144-00264407 to include research on bio refinery
+scR54iRIGa4-00796-00264408-00264695 efficiency and conversion to cellulosic
+scR54iRIGa4-00797-00264696-00265001 material use at existing corn based
+scR54iRIGa4-00798-00265002-00265448 ethanol plants while section 977 of pub
+scR54iRIGa4-00799-00265449-00265901 L 109 to 58 to include at least seven
+scR54iRIGa4-00800-00265902-00266179 bioenergy focused research centers
+scR54iRIGa4-00801-00266180-00266423 evaluation and development of fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-00802-00266424-00266575 production and distribution
+scR54iRIGa4-00803-00266576-00266852 infrastructure as also considered in
+scR54iRIGa4-00804-00266853-00267263 title ii more specifically the secretary
+scR54iRIGa4-00805-00267264-00267530 of energy as to conduct research and
+scR54iRIGa4-00806-00267531-00267818 development on the impact of biofuels on
+scR54iRIGa4-00807-00267819-00268031 existing fuel transportation
+scR54iRIGa4-00808-00268032-00268454 infrastructure also the secretary is to
+scR54iRIGa4-00809-00268455-00268670 report to Congress on the market
+scR54iRIGa4-00810-00268671-00268910 penetration of FF V s and the
+scR54iRIGa4-00811-00268911-00269201 feasibility of requiring installation of
+scR54iRIGa4-00812-00269202-00269534 e85 infrastructure by retailers and
+scR54iRIGa4-00813-00269535-00269816 provide grants to expand infrastructure
+scR54iRIGa4-00814-00269817-00270230 for ethanol gasoline blends title 2
+scR54iRIGa4-00815-00270231-00270521 amends the petroleum marketing Practices
+scR54iRIGa4-00816-00270522-00270887 Act 15 USC 20 81
+scR54iRIGa4-00817-00270888-00271132 make it illegal for a franchisor to
+scR54iRIGa4-00818-00271133-00271507 prohibit installation of e85 or b20
+scR54iRIGa4-00819-00271508-00271918 tanks and pumps greater than to evaluate
+scR54iRIGa4-00820-00271919-00272138 transportation infrastructure the
+scR54iRIGa4-00821-00272139-00272425 Secretary of Energy in cooperation with
+scR54iRIGa4-00822-00272426-00272710 the transportation as to report on the
+scR54iRIGa4-00823-00272711-00272935 adequacy of transportation of
+scR54iRIGa4-00824-00272936-00273224 domestically produced renewable fuel and
+scR54iRIGa4-00825-00273225-00273491 in cooperation with the Secretary of
+scR54iRIGa4-00826-00273492-00273770 Transportation report on the feasibility
+scR54iRIGa4-00827-00273771-00274057 of construction of a dedicated ethanol
+scR54iRIGa4-00828-00274058-00274262 pipeline with the promotion of
+scR54iRIGa4-00829-00274263-00274528 alternative fuels concerns arise
+scR54iRIGa4-00830-00274529-00274726 regarding their impact on the
+scR54iRIGa4-00831-00274727-00275031 environment to address these concerns
+scR54iRIGa4-00832-00275032-00275350 title ii makes a number of specific
+scR54iRIGa4-00833-00275351-00275758 changes to existing policies changes
+scR54iRIGa4-00834-00275759-00276079 include the extension of EPA's authority
+scR54iRIGa4-00835-00276080-00276440 under the Clean Air Act CAA to control
+scR54iRIGa4-00836-00276441-00276751 engines vehicles fuels and fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-00837-00276752-00277006 additives to include effects on water
+scR54iRIGa4-00838-00277007-00277168 pollution
+scR54iRIGa4-00839-00277169-00277525 additionally the EPA Administrator is to
+scR54iRIGa4-00840-00277526-00277768 study adverse effects on air quality
+scR54iRIGa4-00841-00277769-00278090 resulting from the expansion of the RFS
+scR54iRIGa4-00842-00278091-00278324 and to promulgate regulations to
+scR54iRIGa4-00843-00278325-00278569 mitigate said effects
+scR54iRIGa4-00844-00278570-00278907 another area of particular interest is
+scR54iRIGa4-00845-00278908-00279187 greenhouse gas emission reductions and
+scR54iRIGa4-00846-00279188-00279451 energy consumption during production and
+scR54iRIGa4-00847-00279452-00279844 use of alternative fuels as such asa
+scR54iRIGa4-00848-00279845-00280144 title ii requires the Department of
+scR54iRIGa4-00849-00280145-00280482 Energy DOE to expand biological research
+scR54iRIGa4-00850-00280483-00280749 and development program to include
+scR54iRIGa4-00851-00280750-00281095 environmental effects GHG reduction
+scR54iRIGa4-00852-00281096-00281341 potential and sustainable agriculture
+scR54iRIGa4-00853-00281342-00281719 potential greater than furthermore the
+scR54iRIGa4-00854-00281720-00282009 Secretary of Energy is to develop tools
+scR54iRIGa4-00855-00282010-00282276 for evaluating life cycle energy
+scR54iRIGa4-00856-00282277-00282595 consumption and GHG emissions from
+scR54iRIGa4-00857-00282596-00282817 biofuels in an effort to promote
+scR54iRIGa4-00858-00282818-00283131 adoption of alternative fuels title ii
+scR54iRIGa4-00859-00283132-00283375 includes requirements pertaining to
+scR54iRIGa4-00860-00283376-00283629 consumer information including the
+scR54iRIGa4-00861-00283630-00283870 establishment of an Information Center
+scR54iRIGa4-00862-00283871-00284181 on biofuels and biorefineries by the
+scR54iRIGa4-00863-00284182-00284587 Secretary of Energy also the Federal
+scR54iRIGa4-00864-00284588-00284928 Trade Commission FTC must promulgate
+scR54iRIGa4-00865-00284929-00285253 rules requiring retailer to label diesel
+scR54iRIGa4-00866-00285254-00285523 pumps with percentage of biomass based
+scR54iRIGa4-00867-00285524-00286159 diesel for sale
+scR54iRIGa4-00868-00286160-00286543 topic title V energy savings in
+scR54iRIGa4-00869-00286544-00287138 government and public institutions
+scR54iRIGa4-00870-00287139-00287410 aisa Title VIII prohibits federal
+scR54iRIGa4-00871-00287411-00287720 agencies from procuring transportation
+scR54iRIGa4-00872-00287721-00287935 fuels if their life cycle emissions
+scR54iRIGa4-00873-00287936-00288760 exceed those of petroleum-based fuels
+scR54iRIGa4-00874-00288761-00289150 topic title 8 improved management of
+scR54iRIGa4-00875-00289151-00289605 energy policy
+scR54iRIGa4-00876-00289606-00289914 in title eight Congress expresses its
+scR54iRIGa4-00877-00289915-00290160 wish that renewable resources from
+scR54iRIGa4-00878-00290161-00290424 agriculture and forestry provide at
+scR54iRIGa4-00879-00290425-00291295 least 25 percent of all US energy needs
+scR54iRIGa4-00880-00291296-00291712 topic the food conservation and Energy
+scR54iRIGa4-00881-00291713-00292561 Act of 2008 2008 US Farm Bill
+scR54iRIGa4-00882-00292562-00292923 the food conservation and Energy Act of
+scR54iRIGa4-00883-00292924-00293527 2008 pub l110 to 234 also called the
+scR54iRIGa4-00884-00293528-00293775 u.s. farm bill is a five year
+scR54iRIGa4-00885-00293776-00294058 agricultural policy bill that was passed
+scR54iRIGa4-00886-00294059-00294313 into law by the United States Congress
+scR54iRIGa4-00887-00294314-00294754 on June 18 2008 the bill was a
+scR54iRIGa4-00888-00294755-00295114 continuation of the 2002 farm bill
+scR54iRIGa4-00889-00295115-00295444 it addresses numerous areas such as
+scR54iRIGa4-00890-00295445-00295726 energy and provides increased support
+scR54iRIGa4-00891-00295727-00296472 for the production of cellulosic ethanol
+scR54iRIGa4-00892-00296473-00296865 topic title seven research and related
+scR54iRIGa4-00893-00296866-00297225 matters
+scR54iRIGa4-00894-00297226-00297564 Title 7 provides for increased funding
+scR54iRIGa4-00895-00297565-00297837 for advanced biofuels research through
+scR54iRIGa4-00896-00297838-00298116 the agricultural bioenergy feedstock and
+scR54iRIGa4-00897-00298117-00298431 energy efficiency research and extension
+scR54iRIGa4-00898-00298432-00299007 initiative Section 7207 additionally the
+scR54iRIGa4-00899-00299008-00299577 Sun grant program section 7526 found in
+scR54iRIGa4-00900-00299578-00299850 title 7 provides support for and
+scR54iRIGa4-00901-00299851-00300080 coordinate advanced biofuels research
+scR54iRIGa4-00902-00300081-00300378 extension and development between
+scR54iRIGa4-00903-00300379-00300659 government agencies universities and
+scR54iRIGa4-00904-00300660-00301295 research institutes
+scR54iRIGa4-00905-00301296-00301876 topic title X energy
+scR54iRIGa4-00906-00301877-00302218 Title X provides for two programs to be
+scR54iRIGa4-00907-00302219-00302488 implemented including the biomass crop
+scR54iRIGa4-00908-00302489-00302956 Assistance Program BCA P section 9001
+scR54iRIGa4-00909-00302957-00303244 and the biorefinery Assistance Program
+scR54iRIGa4-00910-00303245-00303772 Section 9001 the BCA P supports the
+scR54iRIGa4-00911-00303773-00304045 production of dedicated crop and forest
+scR54iRIGa4-00912-00304046-00304309 cellulosic feedstocks and provides
+scR54iRIGa4-00913-00304310-00304531 incentives for harvest and post
+scR54iRIGa4-00914-00304532-00304879 production storage and transport the
+scR54iRIGa4-00915-00304880-00305220 biorefinery Assistance Program Section
+scR54iRIGa4-00916-00305221-00305560 9001 provides grants and loans for the
+scR54iRIGa4-00917-00305561-00305749 development construction and
+scR54iRIGa4-00918-00305750-00305959 retrofitting of commercial scale
+scR54iRIGa4-00919-00305960-00306364 refineries to produce biofuels also
+scR54iRIGa4-00920-00306365-00306613 included our requirements for funding
+scR54iRIGa4-00921-00306614-00306931 and evaluation of these programs more
+scR54iRIGa4-00922-00306932-00307249 specifically 1 point 1 billion dollars
+scR54iRIGa4-00923-00307250-00307489 in mandatory funding is to be allocated
+scR54iRIGa4-00924-00307490-00308067 for FY 200 8 through FY - oh one two
+scR54iRIGa4-00925-00308068-00308380 provisions are in place requiring a
+scR54iRIGa4-00926-00308381-00308671 series of reports assessing how ethanol
+scR54iRIGa4-00927-00308672-00308914 production may be impacting the farm
+scR54iRIGa4-00928-00308915-00309226 economy environment and consumer food
+scR54iRIGa4-00929-00309227-00309805 prices section 15,000 322 studies
+scR54iRIGa4-00930-00309806-00310240 include comprehensive study of biofuels
+scR54iRIGa4-00931-00310241-00310642 to be conducted by USDA the EPA and
+scR54iRIGa4-00932-00310643-00310863 Department of Energy and the National
+scR54iRIGa4-00933-00310864-00311289 Academy of Sciences the biofuels
+scR54iRIGa4-00934-00311290-00311671 infrastructure study by the USDA doe EPA
+scR54iRIGa4-00935-00311672-00312443 and Department of Transportation
+scR54iRIGa4-00936-00312444-00313219 topic title 15 trade and tax provisions
+scR54iRIGa4-00937-00313220-00313570 title 15 includes a number of trade and
+scR54iRIGa4-00938-00313571-00313870 tax provisions including a tax credit of
+scR54iRIGa4-00939-00313871-00314149 one dollar and one cent per gallon for
+scR54iRIGa4-00940-00314150-00314413 fuel blenders using certain cellulosic
+scR54iRIGa4-00941-00314414-00314805 feedstocks also included as an amendment
+scR54iRIGa4-00942-00314806-00315088 to the ethanol blender tax credit for
+scR54iRIGa4-00943-00315089-00315381 general ethanol reducing the tax credit
+scR54iRIGa4-00944-00315382-00315729 from 51 cents to 45 cents per gallon
+scR54iRIGa4-00945-00315730-00316402 section 15,300 31 finally title 15
+scR54iRIGa4-00946-00316403-00316744 extends ethanol import tariffs of 54
+scR54iRIGa4-00947-00316745-00316977 cents per gallons from its original
+scR54iRIGa4-00948-00316978-00317320 expiration date of the end of 2008 to
+scR54iRIGa4-00949-00317321-00318339 the end of 2010 section 15,000 333
+scR54iRIGa4-00950-00318340-00319208 topic public law 110 - 353
+scR54iRIGa4-00951-00319209-00319703 public law 110 to 343 as an act of
+scR54iRIGa4-00952-00319704-00320024 Congress signed into law by US President
+scR54iRIGa4-00953-00320025-00320522 George W Bush on October 3rd 2008 the
+scR54iRIGa4-00954-00320523-00320777 Act was designed to mitigate the growing
+scR54iRIGa4-00955-00320778-00321285 financial crisis of 2007 to 2010
+scR54iRIGa4-00956-00321286-00321597 it's formal title as an act to provide
+scR54iRIGa4-00957-00321598-00321913 Authority for the federal government to
+scR54iRIGa4-00958-00321914-00322192 purchase and ensure certain types of
+scR54iRIGa4-00959-00322193-00322458 troubled assets for the purposes of
+scR54iRIGa4-00960-00322459-00322746 providing stability to and preventing
+scR54iRIGa4-00961-00322747-00323065 disruption in the economy and financial
+scR54iRIGa4-00962-00323066-00323403 system and protecting taxpayers to amend
+scR54iRIGa4-00963-00323404-00323770 the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to
+scR54iRIGa4-00964-00323771-00324078 provide incentives for energy production
+scR54iRIGa4-00965-00324079-00324375 and conservation to extend certain
+scR54iRIGa4-00966-00324376-00324648 expiring provisions to provide
+scR54iRIGa4-00967-00324649-00324975 individual income tax relief and for
+scR54iRIGa4-00968-00324976-00325215 other purposes
+scR54iRIGa4-00969-00325216-00325548 the Act created a seven hundred billion
+scR54iRIGa4-00970-00325549-00325802 dollars troubled asset relief program
+scR54iRIGa4-00971-00325803-00326460 tarp public law 110 to 343 contained
+scR54iRIGa4-00972-00326461-00326730 three acts which were classified as
+scR54iRIGa4-00973-00326731-00326938 divisions of the larger Act
+scR54iRIGa4-00974-00326939-00327241 these included the emergency economic
+scR54iRIGa4-00975-00327242-00327696 stabilization Act of 2008 division a the
+scR54iRIGa4-00976-00327697-00327978 energy improvement and extension Act of
+scR54iRIGa4-00977-00327979-00328374 2008 division B and the tax extenders an
+scR54iRIGa4-00978-00328375-00328663 alternative minimum tax relief Act of
+scR54iRIGa4-00979-00328664-00329359 2008 division C
+scR54iRIGa4-00980-00329360-00329779 topic division B energy improvement and
+scR54iRIGa4-00981-00329780-00330378 extension Act of 2008
+scR54iRIGa4-00982-00330379-00330673 you
+scR54iRIGa4-00983-00330674-00331054 topic title to transportation and
+scR54iRIGa4-00984-00331055-00331731 domestic fuel security provisions SEC
+scR54iRIGa4-00985-00331732-00332137 201 includes cellulosic biofuel within
+scR54iRIGa4-00986-00332138-00332407 the definition of biomass ethanol plant
+scR54iRIGa4-00987-00332408-00332658 property for purposes of the bonus
+scR54iRIGa4-00988-00332659-00333234 depreciation allowance SEC 202 increases
+scR54iRIGa4-00989-00333235-00333565 and extends through 2009 income and
+scR54iRIGa4-00990-00333566-00333844 excise tax credits for biodiesel and
+scR54iRIGa4-00991-00333845-00334385 renewable diesel used as fuel SEC 203
+scR54iRIGa4-00992-00334386-00334693 disqualifies foreign produced fuel that
+scR54iRIGa4-00993-00334694-00334969 is used or sold for use outside the
+scR54iRIGa4-00994-00334970-00335245 United States from the income and excise
+scR54iRIGa4-00995-00335246-00335559 tax credits for alcohol biodiesel an
+scR54iRIGa4-00996-00335560-00336073 alternative fuel production SEC 204
+scR54iRIGa4-00997-00336074-00336407 extends through 2009 the excise tax
+scR54iRIGa4-00998-00336408-00336708 credit for alternative fuel and fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-00999-00336709-00337141 mixtures requires such fuels to include
+scR54iRIGa4-01000-00337142-00337462 compressed or liquefied biomass gas and
+scR54iRIGa4-01001-00337463-00337669 to meet certain carbon capture
+scR54iRIGa4-01002-00337670-00338203 requirements SEC 207 extends through
+scR54iRIGa4-01003-00338204-00338535 2010 the tax credit for alternative fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-01004-00338536-00338898 vehicle refueling property expenditures
+scR54iRIGa4-01005-00338899-00339178 includes electricity as a clean-burning
+scR54iRIGa4-01006-00339179-00339565 fuel for purposes of such credit
+scR54iRIGa4-01007-00339566-00339958 SEK 208 provides for the treatment of
+scR54iRIGa4-01008-00339959-00340221 certain income and gains from alcohol
+scR54iRIGa4-01009-00340222-00340510 biodiesel and alternative fuels and
+scR54iRIGa4-01010-00340511-00340762 mixtures as qualifying income for
+scR54iRIGa4-01011-00340763-00341472 publicly traded partnerships
+scR54iRIGa4-01012-00341473-00341809 topic American Recovery and Reinvestment
+scR54iRIGa4-01013-00341810-00342613 Act of 2009 the Recovery Act
+scR54iRIGa4-01014-00342614-00342843 the American Recovery and Reinvestment
+scR54iRIGa4-01015-00342844-00343458 Act of 2009 hub L 111 to five known as
+scR54iRIGa4-01016-00343459-00343725 the stimulus or the Recovery Act is an
+scR54iRIGa4-01017-00343726-00344037 economic stimulus package enacted by the
+scR54iRIGa4-01018-00344038-00344397 111th United States Congress in February
+scR54iRIGa4-01019-00344398-00344839 2009 the stimulus was intended to create
+scR54iRIGa4-01020-00344840-00345145 jobs and promote investment and consumer
+scR54iRIGa4-01021-00345146-00345823 spending during the recession
+scR54iRIGa4-01022-00345824-00346182 topic division a appropriations
+scR54iRIGa4-01023-00346183-00346579 provisions
+scR54iRIGa4-01024-00346580-00346879 you
+scR54iRIGa4-01025-00346880-00347555 topic title IV energy and water
+scR54iRIGa4-01026-00347556-00347909 make supplemental appropriations for FY
+scR54iRIGa4-01027-00347910-00348385 200 9 - the Department of Energy doe for
+scR54iRIGa4-01028-00348386-00348665 programs for energy efficiency and
+scR54iRIGa4-01029-00348666-00349076 renewable energy electricity delivery
+scR54iRIGa4-01030-00349077-00349496 and energy reliability fossil energy
+scR54iRIGa4-01031-00349497-00349856 research and development non-defense
+scR54iRIGa4-01032-00349857-00350201 environmental cleanup the uranium
+scR54iRIGa4-01033-00350202-00350444 enrichment decontamination and
+scR54iRIGa4-01034-00350445-00350883 decommissioning fund science
+scR54iRIGa4-01035-00350884-00351321 Advanced Research Projects Agency energy
+scR54iRIGa4-01036-00351322-00351739 the title 17 innovative technology loan
+scR54iRIGa4-01037-00351740-00352120 guarantee program the office of the
+scR54iRIGa4-01038-00352121-00352349 inspector-general
+scR54iRIGa4-01039-00352350-00352687 defense environmental cleanup
+scR54iRIGa4-01040-00352688-00353015 construction rehabilitation operation
+scR54iRIGa4-01041-00353016-00353243 and maintenance Western Area Power
+scR54iRIGa4-01042-00353244-00353663 Administration section 406 amends the
+scR54iRIGa4-01043-00353664-00354254 Energy Policy Act of 2005 pub L 109 258
+scR54iRIGa4-01044-00354255-00354530 to set forth a temporary program for
+scR54iRIGa4-01045-00354531-00354806 rapid deployment of renewable energy and
+scR54iRIGa4-01046-00354807-00355132 electric power transmission projects
+scR54iRIGa4-01047-00355133-00355442 restricts federal guarantees to one
+scR54iRIGa4-01048-00355443-00355781 specified renewable energy systems to
+scR54iRIGa4-01049-00355782-00356075 electric power transmission systems and
+scR54iRIGa4-01050-00356076-00356410 three leading-edge biofuel projects that
+scR54iRIGa4-01051-00356411-00356659 will use technologies performing at the
+scR54iRIGa4-01052-00356660-00356903 pilot or demonstration scale that are
+scR54iRIGa4-01053-00356904-00357133 likely to become commercial and will
+scR54iRIGa4-01054-00357134-00357376 produce transportation fuels that
+scR54iRIGa4-01055-00357377-00357617 substantially reduce lifecycle
+scR54iRIGa4-01056-00357618-00357883 greenhouse gas emissions compared to
+scR54iRIGa4-01057-00357884-00358556 other transportation fuels
+scR54iRIGa4-01058-00358557-00358985 topic division be tax unemployment
+scR54iRIGa4-01059-00358986-00359282 health state fiscal relief and other
+scR54iRIGa4-01060-00359283-00359719 provisions
+scR54iRIGa4-01061-00359720-00360019 you
+scR54iRIGa4-01062-00360020-00360918 topic title I tax provisions
+scR54iRIGa4-01063-00360919-00361858 topic subtitle B energy incentives
+scR54iRIGa4-01064-00361859-00362284 topic equals part one renewable energy
+scR54iRIGa4-01065-00362285-00362698 incentives equals
+scR54iRIGa4-01066-00362699-00363103 section 1101 extends for three years the
+scR54iRIGa4-01067-00363104-00363289 tax credit for producing electricity
+scR54iRIGa4-01068-00363290-00363682 from wind biomass geothermal or solar
+scR54iRIGa4-01069-00363683-00363994 solid waste and qualified hydropower
+scR54iRIGa4-01070-00363995-00364399 facilities extends such credit for two
+scR54iRIGa4-01071-00364400-00364610 years for marine and hydrokinetic
+scR54iRIGa4-01072-00364611-00365291 renewable energy resources
+scR54iRIGa4-01073-00365292-00365648 topic equals part three energy
+scR54iRIGa4-01074-00365649-00366174 conservation incentives equals
+scR54iRIGa4-01075-00366175-00366683 section 1123 increases in 2009 and 2010
+scR54iRIGa4-01076-00366684-00366963 the tax credit for residential and
+scR54iRIGa4-01077-00366964-00367206 commercial alternative fuel vehicle
+scR54iRIGa4-01078-00367207-00367973 refueling property expenditures
+scR54iRIGa4-01079-00367974-00368429 topic proposals in the 112th Congress on
+scR54iRIGa4-01080-00368430-00369269 the United States
+scR54iRIGa4-01081-00369270-00369550 topic bills in the House of
+scR54iRIGa4-01082-00369551-00370303 Representatives
+scR54iRIGa4-01083-00370304-00370933 topic HR 232 21 stone century Energy
+scR54iRIGa4-01084-00370934-00371695 Independence Act of 2011 sponsor rep
+scR54iRIGa4-01085-00371696-00371893 Jackson Lee Sheila
+scR54iRIGa4-01086-00371894-00372453 TX 18 introduced the 7th of January 2011
+scR54iRIGa4-01087-00372454-00372817 latest major action the 10th of February
+scR54iRIGa4-01088-00372818-00373167 2011 referred to House subcommittee
+scR54iRIGa4-01089-00373168-00373447 status referred to the Subcommittee on
+scR54iRIGa4-01090-00373448-00373930 energy and environment summary 21st
+scR54iRIGa4-01091-00373931-00374289 century energy independence Act of 2011
+scR54iRIGa4-01092-00374290-00374638 instructs the Secretary of Energy doe to
+scR54iRIGa4-01093-00374639-00374964 seek to ensure 1 the availability of
+scR54iRIGa4-01094-00374965-00375289 200% of the volume of renewable fuels
+scR54iRIGa4-01095-00375290-00375574 required to be available in the United
+scR54iRIGa4-01096-00375575-00375874 States by 2013 under the Energy Policy
+scR54iRIGa4-01097-00375875-00376540 Act of 2005 pub L 109 to 58 and to the
+scR54iRIGa4-01098-00376541-00376768 reduction of carbon dioxide emissions
+scR54iRIGa4-01099-00376769-00377065 from the production and use of renewable
+scR54iRIGa4-01100-00377066-00377620 fuels by 25% directs the secretary to
+scR54iRIGa4-01101-00377621-00377917 establish a loan guarantee program for
+scR54iRIGa4-01102-00377918-00378244 up to 80% of the cost of a project for
+scR54iRIGa4-01103-00378245-00378562 one the harvesting storing and delivery
+scR54iRIGa4-01104-00378563-00378826 of agriculture residues for use in
+scR54iRIGa4-01105-00378827-00379078 cellulosic our traditional ethanol
+scR54iRIGa4-01106-00379079-00379384 production plants two cellulosic ethanol
+scR54iRIGa4-01107-00379385-00379660 production technologies that will reduce
+scR54iRIGa4-01108-00379661-00379969 the initial capital cost to two dollars
+scR54iRIGa4-01109-00379970-00380233 and fifty cents per annual gallon and
+scR54iRIGa4-01110-00380234-00380641 operation and maintenance costs to 125
+scR54iRIGa4-01111-00380642-00380896 percent of those at traditional corn
+scR54iRIGa4-01112-00380897-00381202 ethanol plants three advanced biomass
+scR54iRIGa4-01113-00381203-00381499 gasifiers that can provide specified
+scR54iRIGa4-01114-00381500-00381727 thermal input requirements for
+scR54iRIGa4-01115-00381728-00381955 traditional ethanol plants to produce
+scR54iRIGa4-01116-00381956-00382267 syngas and four scaled catalytic
+scR54iRIGa4-01117-00382268-00382549 conversion projects to converts in gas
+scR54iRIGa4-01118-00382550-00382777 to liquid fuels
+scR54iRIGa4-01119-00382778-00383143 permits such loan guarantees for one a
+scR54iRIGa4-01120-00383144-00383422 traditional ethanol plant only if the
+scR54iRIGa4-01121-00383423-00383710 agriculture residue products are used as
+scR54iRIGa4-01122-00383711-00383971 feedstock to replace thermal input
+scR54iRIGa4-01123-00383972-00384208 requirements otherwise provided by
+scR54iRIGa4-01124-00384209-00384571 fossil fuels and to an existing ethanol
+scR54iRIGa4-01125-00384572-00384859 plant only if the applicant demonstrates
+scR54iRIGa4-01126-00384860-00385081 the potential to reduce carbon dioxide
+scR54iRIGa4-01127-00385082-00385405 emissions related to ethanol production
+scR54iRIGa4-01128-00385406-00385984 by at least 75% authorizes the Secretary
+scR54iRIGa4-01129-00385985-00386254 to provide grants for up to 50 percent
+scR54iRIGa4-01130-00386255-00386532 of the capital costs of the initial
+scR54iRIGa4-01131-00386533-00386785 commercialization for certain cellulosic
+scR54iRIGa4-01132-00386786-00387515 ethanol production technologies
+scR54iRIGa4-01133-00387516-00388034 topic HR 404 Renewable Fuels for
+scR54iRIGa4-01134-00388035-00388841 America's future Act of 2011 sponsor Rep
+scR54iRIGa4-01135-00388842-00389168 Fortenberry jeff nee 1 introduced
+scR54iRIGa4-01136-00389169-00389819 january 24 2011 related bills s point 1
+scR54iRIGa4-01137-00389820-00390311 5 2 latest major action the 1st of
+scR54iRIGa4-01138-00390312-00390587 February 2011 referred to House
+scR54iRIGa4-01139-00390588-00390935 subcommittee status referred to the
+scR54iRIGa4-01140-00390936-00391352 Subcommittee on energy and power summary
+scR54iRIGa4-01141-00391353-00391685 Renewable Fuels for America's future Act
+scR54iRIGa4-01142-00391686-00392009 of 2011 amends the Internal Revenue Code
+scR54iRIGa4-01143-00392010-00392372 2 1 require a reduction in the income
+scR54iRIGa4-01144-00392373-00392693 and excise tax credits for alcohol used
+scR54iRIGa4-01145-00392694-00392981 for fueled by the amount of alcohol used
+scR54iRIGa4-01146-00392982-00393239 to meet the taxpayers renewable fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-01147-00393240-00393497 obligation under the Clean Air Act and
+scR54iRIGa4-01148-00393498-00393818 to extend such credits and payments for
+scR54iRIGa4-01149-00393819-00394258 alcohol fuel mixtures through 2016
+scR54iRIGa4-01150-00394259-00394501 immense the Harmonized Tariff Schedule
+scR54iRIGa4-01151-00394502-00394824 of the United States to extend until
+scR54iRIGa4-01152-00394825-00395161 2017 the additional tariffs on ethyl
+scR54iRIGa4-01153-00395162-00395565 alcohol blends ethanol used as fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-01154-00395566-00395914 requires automobile manufacturers to
+scR54iRIGa4-01155-00395915-00396307 ensure that at least 50% of 2013 and
+scR54iRIGa4-01156-00396308-00396625 2014 model year automobiles and light
+scR54iRIGa4-01157-00396626-00396934 duty trucks manufactured for sale in the
+scR54iRIGa4-01158-00396935-00397321 United States or dual fueled increases
+scR54iRIGa4-01159-00397322-00397576 the minimum to 90 percent for later
+scR54iRIGa4-01160-00397577-00397909 model years excludes automobiles and
+scR54iRIGa4-01161-00397910-00398167 light duty trucks that operate only on
+scR54iRIGa4-01162-00398168-00398590 electricity requires the Secretary of
+scR54iRIGa4-01163-00398591-00398848 Energy to make grants to eligible
+scR54iRIGa4-01164-00398849-00399109 facilities to pay the federal share of
+scR54iRIGa4-01165-00399110-00399364 one installing blender pump fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-01166-00399365-00399625 infrastructure including infrastructure
+scR54iRIGa4-01167-00399626-00399931 necessary for the direct retail sale of
+scR54iRIGa4-01168-00399932-00400342 ethanol fuel blends including e85 fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-01169-00400343-00400648 and to directly market such fuels to gas
+scR54iRIGa4-01170-00400649-00400993 retailers and to providing sub grants to
+scR54iRIGa4-01171-00400994-00401269 direct retailers of such fuels for the
+scR54iRIGa4-01172-00401270-00401545 installation of fuel infrastructure for
+scR54iRIGa4-01173-00401546-00401892 the direct retail sale of such fuels
+scR54iRIGa4-01174-00401893-00402415 defines one e85 fuel as a blend of
+scR54iRIGa4-01175-00402416-00402766 gasoline at least 85% derived from
+scR54iRIGa4-01176-00402767-00403152 ethanol and two ethanol fuel blend as a
+scR54iRIGa4-01177-00403153-00403465 blend of gasoline and ethanol with a
+scR54iRIGa4-01178-00403466-00403894 minimum of 0% and a maximum of 85%
+scR54iRIGa4-01179-00403895-00404293 derived from denatured ethanol requires
+scR54iRIGa4-01180-00404294-00404557 the secretary to promulgate regulations
+scR54iRIGa4-01181-00404558-00404827 to ensure that each major fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-01182-00404828-00405109 distributor that sells or introduces
+scR54iRIGa4-01183-00405110-00405370 gasoline into commerce in the United
+scR54iRIGa4-01184-00405371-00405595 States through majority owned stations
+scR54iRIGa4-01185-00405596-00405925 or branded stations installs one or more
+scR54iRIGa4-01186-00405926-00406300 blender pumps that dispense e85 fuel and
+scR54iRIGa4-01187-00406301-00406584 ethanol fuel blends at specified minimum
+scR54iRIGa4-01188-00406585-00406843 percentages of such stations for
+scR54iRIGa4-01189-00406844-00407179 specified years in each state allows
+scR54iRIGa4-01190-00407180-00407485 major fuel distributors to earn and sell
+scR54iRIGa4-01191-00407486-00407593 credits if they
+scR54iRIGa4-01192-00407594-00408249 exceeds such percentages
+scR54iRIGa4-01193-00408250-00408738 topic HR 684 to amend the Internal
+scR54iRIGa4-01194-00408739-00409158 Revenue Code of 1986 to modify the
+scR54iRIGa4-01195-00409159-00409385 incentives for the production of
+scR54iRIGa4-01196-00409386-00410184 biodiesel sponsor rep her own o mais ek
+scR54iRIGa4-01197-00410185-00410749 hi to introduced February 14 2011
+scR54iRIGa4-01198-00410750-00411189 co-sponsor rep Johnson Timothy V ill 15
+scR54iRIGa4-01199-00411189-00411764 February 14 2011 latest major action
+scR54iRIGa4-01200-00411766-00412139 February 14 2011 referred to House
+scR54iRIGa4-01201-00412141-00412488 Committee status referred to the House
+scR54iRIGa4-01202-00412489-00412917 Committee on ways and means to amend the
+scR54iRIGa4-01203-00412918-00413259 Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to modify
+scR54iRIGa4-01204-00413260-00413532 the incentives for the production of
+scR54iRIGa4-01205-00413533-00413838 biodiesel amends the Internal Revenue
+scR54iRIGa4-01206-00413839-00414197 Code to revise the income and excise tax
+scR54iRIGa4-01207-00414198-00414551 credits for biodiesel used as fuel 2 1
+scR54iRIGa4-01208-00414552-00414843 allow a 1 dollar tax credit for each
+scR54iRIGa4-01209-00414843-00415172 gallon of biodiesel produced to provide
+scR54iRIGa4-01210-00415173-00415455 for an increased income tax credit for
+scR54iRIGa4-01211-00415456-00415793 small biodiesel producers 3 revised the
+scR54iRIGa4-01212-00415795-00416189 definitions of biodiesel and small
+scR54iRIGa4-01213-00416189-00416582 biodiesel producer for treat renewable
+scR54iRIGa4-01214-00416583-00416822 diesel in the same manner as biodiesel
+scR54iRIGa4-01215-00416823-00417180 for income tax purposes and 5 treat
+scR54iRIGa4-01216-00417181-00417485 biodiesel as a taxable fuel for excise
+scR54iRIGa4-01217-00417487-00417839 tax purposes extends the biodiesel
+scR54iRIGa4-01218-00417841-00418122 income and excise tax credits through
+scR54iRIGa4-01219-00418122-00418868 December 31st 2016
+scR54iRIGa4-01220-00418869-00419372 topic HR 11:49 to amend the Clean Air
+scR54iRIGa4-01221-00419373-00419727 Act to include algae-based biofuels in
+scR54iRIGa4-01222-00419728-00420018 the renewable fuel program and amend the
+scR54iRIGa4-01223-00420018-00420438 Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to include
+scR54iRIGa4-01224-00420439-00420766 algae-based biofuels in the cellulosic
+scR54iRIGa4-01225-00420767-00421366 biofuel producer credit
+scR54iRIGa4-01226-00421367-00421816 sponsor Rep Bilbray Bryan P see a 50
+scR54iRIGa4-01227-00421817-00422243 introduced March 17 2011
+scR54iRIGa4-01228-00422243-00422775 cosponsors rep bartlett Roscoe G md6
+scR54iRIGa4-01229-00422776-00423497 March 17 2011 rep Bono Mack Mary C a 45
+scR54iRIGa4-01230-00423499-00424113 March 17 2011 rep Carnahan Russ mo3
+scR54iRIGa4-01231-00424114-00424845 March 17 2011 rep Davis Susan a CA 53
+scR54iRIGa4-01232-00424846-00425316 March 17 2011 rep Dreyer
+scR54iRIGa4-01233-00425317-00426000 David CA 26 March 17 2011 rep hunter
+scR54iRIGa4-01234-00426001-00426708 Duncan D CA 52 March 17 2011 repens Lee
+scR54iRIGa4-01235-00426709-00427310 Jae Hwa 1 March 17 2011 latest major
+scR54iRIGa4-01236-00427312-00427722 action March 17 2011 referred to House
+scR54iRIGa4-01237-00427722-00428043 Committee status referred to the
+scR54iRIGa4-01238-00428043-00428280 Committee on ways and means and in
+scR54iRIGa4-01239-00428281-00428496 addition to the Committee on Energy and
+scR54iRIGa4-01240-00428497-00428793 Commerce for a period to be subsequently
+scR54iRIGa4-01241-00428793-00429045 determined by the speaker in each case
+scR54iRIGa4-01242-00429046-00429324 for consideration of such provisions as
+scR54iRIGa4-01243-00429325-00429534 fall within the jurisdiction of the
+scR54iRIGa4-01244-00429535-00430164 committee concerned
+scR54iRIGa4-01245-00430165-00431045 topic bills in the Senate
+scR54iRIGa4-01246-00431046-00431475 topic s point one five two dual fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-01247-00431476-00432010 vehicle Act of 2011
+scR54iRIGa4-01248-00432012-00432429 the dual fuel vehicle Act of 2011 was
+scR54iRIGa4-01249-00432430-00432771 introduced to Congress on January 25th
+scR54iRIGa4-01250-00432772-00433199 2011 this Act requires automobile
+scR54iRIGa4-01251-00433200-00433449 manufacturers to ensure that at least
+scR54iRIGa4-01252-00433450-00433820 50% of automobiles and light duty trucks
+scR54iRIGa4-01253-00433821-00434085 manufactured for sale in the United
+scR54iRIGa4-01254-00434085-00434334 States are duel fueled capable of
+scR54iRIGa4-01255-00434335-00434592 operating on alternative fuel and on
+scR54iRIGa4-01256-00434593-00434897 gasoline or diesel fuel or a mixture of
+scR54iRIGa4-01257-00434899-00435218 biodiesel and diesel fuel this
+scR54iRIGa4-01258-00435220-00435525 requirement is increased to 90 percent
+scR54iRIGa4-01259-00435526-00435792 fuel fueled vehicles for later model
+scR54iRIGa4-01260-00435793-00436164 years automobiles and light duty trucks
+scR54iRIGa4-01261-00436164-00436439 that operate only on electricity are
+scR54iRIGa4-01262-00436441-00436878 excluded from these requirements sponsor
+scR54iRIGa4-01263-00436879-00437217 cen lugar Richard G in introduced
+scR54iRIGa4-01264-00437218-00437913 January 25th 2011 related bills HR 400
+scR54iRIGa4-01265-00437914-00438426 for latest major action January 25th
+scR54iRIGa4-01266-00438427-00438858 2011 referred to Senate committee status
+scR54iRIGa4-01267-00438859-00439116 read twice and referred to the Committee
+scR54iRIGa4-01268-00439117-00439925 on Commerce science and transportation
+scR54iRIGa4-01269-00439926-00440342 topic s point one eight seven biofuels
+scR54iRIGa4-01270-00440343-00441010 market expansion Act of 2011
+scR54iRIGa4-01271-00441010-00441495 biofuels market expansion Act of 2011
+scR54iRIGa4-01272-00441496-00441881 sponsor Sen Harkin Tom iya introduced
+scR54iRIGa4-01273-00441882-00442543 January 25th 2011 co-sponsors Sen
+scR54iRIGa4-01274-00442544-00442727 Franken al MN
+scR54iRIGa4-01275-00442728-00443341 January 25th 2011 Sen Johnson Tim SD
+scR54iRIGa4-01276-00443342-00443941 January 25th 2011 Sen Klobuchar Amie
+scR54iRIGa4-01277-00443942-00444562 MN January 25th 2011 latest major action
+scR54iRIGa4-01278-00444563-00444962 January 25th 2011 referred to Senate
+scR54iRIGa4-01279-00444963-00445345 committee status read twice and referred
+scR54iRIGa4-01280-00445346-00445535 to the Committee on Energy and Natural
+scR54iRIGa4-01281-00445535-00445987 Resources summary of bill biofuels
+scR54iRIGa4-01282-00445988-00446323 market expansion act of 2011 requires
+scR54iRIGa4-01283-00446324-00446608 automobile manufacturers to ensure that
+scR54iRIGa4-01284-00446609-00447110 at least 50% of 2014 and 2015 model year
+scR54iRIGa4-01285-00447110-00447342 automobiles and light duty trucks
+scR54iRIGa4-01286-00447343-00447562 manufactured for sale in the United
+scR54iRIGa4-01287-00447563-00447943 States are dual fueled increases the
+scR54iRIGa4-01288-00447944-00448345 minimum to 90% for 2016 and subsequent
+scR54iRIGa4-01289-00448346-00448621 model years excludes automobiles and
+scR54iRIGa4-01290-00448622-00448891 light duty trucks that operate only on
+scR54iRIGa4-01291-00448892-00449293 electricity requires the Secretary of
+scR54iRIGa4-01292-00449294-00449593 Energy dough to make grants to eligible
+scR54iRIGa4-01293-00449594-00449854 facilities to pay the federal share of
+scR54iRIGa4-01294-00449855-00450089 one installing blender pump fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-01295-00450089-00450343 infrastructure including infrastructure
+scR54iRIGa4-01296-00450344-00450637 necessary for the direct retail sale of
+scR54iRIGa4-01297-00450638-00451033 ethanol fuel blends including e85 fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-01298-00451034-00451348 and to providing sub grants to direct
+scR54iRIGa4-01299-00451349-00451570 retailers of such fuels for the
+scR54iRIGa4-01300-00451571-00451866 installation of such infrastructure
+scR54iRIGa4-01301-00451867-00452183 prohibits a major fuel distributor any
+scR54iRIGa4-01302-00452184-00452446 person that owns a refinery or that
+scR54iRIGa4-01303-00452447-00452662 directly markets the output of a
+scR54iRIGa4-01304-00452663-00452962 refinery through more than 49 retail
+scR54iRIGa4-01305-00452963-00453268 fueling stations from being eligible for
+scR54iRIGa4-01306-00453269-00453656 such grants or sub grants amends the
+scR54iRIGa4-01307-00453657-00453916 Clean Air Act to revise the renewable
+scR54iRIGa4-01308-00453917-00454235 fuel program to require the secretary to
+scR54iRIGa4-01309-00454235-00454356 promulgate regular
+scR54iRIGa4-01310-00454357-00454614 Nations to ensure that each major fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-01311-00454614-00454895 distributor that sells or introduces
+scR54iRIGa4-01312-00454896-00455154 gasoline into commerce in the United
+scR54iRIGa4-01313-00455155-00455406 States through majority owned stations
+scR54iRIGa4-01314-00455407-00455703 or branded stations installs one or more
+scR54iRIGa4-01315-00455704-00456083 blender pumps that dispense e85 fuel and
+scR54iRIGa4-01316-00456084-00456372 ethanol fuel blends at one an overall
+scR54iRIGa4-01317-00456372-00456654 percentage of such stations increasing
+scR54iRIGa4-01318-00456655-00457043 from 10 percent in 2014 to 50 percent in
+scR54iRIGa4-01319-00457044-00457347 2020 and to a specified minimum
+scR54iRIGa4-01320-00457347-00457610 percentage of such stations in each
+scR54iRIGa4-01321-00457611-00457970 state allows such distributors to earn
+scR54iRIGa4-01322-00457971-00458258 credits if they exceed such percentages
+scR54iRIGa4-01323-00458259-00458466 and to sell such credits to other
+scR54iRIGa4-01324-00458467-00458754 distributors except for use to fulfill
+scR54iRIGa4-01325-00458755-00459058 the state distribution requirement
+scR54iRIGa4-01326-00459059-00459516 immense the Energy Policy Act of 2005 to
+scR54iRIGa4-01327-00459517-00459797 make renewable fuel pipelines eligible
+scR54iRIGa4-01328-00459798-00460043 for loan guarantees for projects that
+scR54iRIGa4-01329-00460044-00460389 avoid reduce or sequester air pollutants
+scR54iRIGa4-01330-00460389-00460639 or anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse
+scR54iRIGa4-01331-00460640-00460958 gases and employ new or significantly
+scR54iRIGa4-01332-00460959-00461235 improved technologies as compared to
+scR54iRIGa4-01333-00461235-00461487 commercial technologies in service in
+scR54iRIGa4-01334-00461488-00461693 the United States at the time the
+scR54iRIGa4-01335-00461694-00462018 guarantee has issued amends the
+scR54iRIGa4-01336-00462018-00462233 temporary program for rapid deployment
+scR54iRIGa4-01337-00462234-00462552 of renewable energy and electric power
+scR54iRIGa4-01338-00462553-00462845 transmission projects to make eligible
+scR54iRIGa4-01339-00462846-00463095 for loan guarantees projects for the
+scR54iRIGa4-01340-00463096-00463260 installation of sufficient
+scR54iRIGa4-01341-00463260-00463455 infrastructure to allow for the
+scR54iRIGa4-01342-00463456-00463662 cost-effective deployment of clean
+scR54iRIGa4-01343-00463663-00463953 energy technologies appropriate to each
+scR54iRIGa4-01344-00463954-00464681 region of the United States
+scR54iRIGa4-01345-00464682-00465629 topic federal programs
+scR54iRIGa4-01346-00465630-00466272 topic Renewable Fuels standard
+scR54iRIGa4-01347-00466272-00466772 see also ASA 2007 Energy Policy Act of
+scR54iRIGa4-01348-00466772-00467239 2005 ethanol fuel ethanol blended fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-01349-00467241-00467571 one of the many policy tools used to
+scR54iRIGa4-01350-00467572-00467829 promote biofuel fuels as a minimum
+scR54iRIGa4-01351-00467830-00468201 renewable fuel usage requirement in the
+scR54iRIGa4-01352-00468202-00468504 United States this usage requirement as
+scR54iRIGa4-01353-00468505-00468825 known as the renewable fuel standard RFS
+scR54iRIGa4-01354-00468826-00469160 whereby a minimum volume of biofuels as
+scR54iRIGa4-01355-00469162-00469320 to be used in the national
+scR54iRIGa4-01356-00469321-00469660 transportation fuel supply each year
+scR54iRIGa4-01357-00469662-00470096 Congress established the RFS in title 15
+scR54iRIGa4-01358-00470097-00470526 subtitle a section 1501 of the Energy
+scR54iRIGa4-01359-00470527-00471177 Policy Act of 2005 pub L 109 258 this
+scR54iRIGa4-01360-00471178-00471558 initial RFS referred to as RFS 1
+scR54iRIGa4-01361-00471559-00471891 mandated that a minimum of 4 billion US
+scR54iRIGa4-01362-00471892-00472257 gallons 15 million cubic meters be used
+scR54iRIGa4-01363-00472258-00472572 in 2006 and that this minimum usage
+scR54iRIGa4-01364-00472572-00473114 volume rise to 7.5 billion US gallons 28
+scR54iRIGa4-01365-00473116-00473601 million cubic meters by 2012 two years
+scR54iRIGa4-01366-00473602-00473853 later Congress passed the Energy
+scR54iRIGa4-01367-00473854-00474183 Independence and Security Act of 2007
+scR54iRIGa4-01368-00474184-00474710 hub l110 to 140 the provisions in the
+scR54iRIGa4-01369-00474712-00474992 Act amended the provisions in EEP Act
+scR54iRIGa4-01370-00474993-00475353 2005 and expanded the biofuels blending
+scR54iRIGa4-01371-00475354-00475793 mandate the expanded RFS referred to as
+scR54iRIGa4-01372-00475795-00476157 RFS 2 required the annual use of nine
+scR54iRIGa4-01373-00476158-00476532 billion US gallons 34 million cubic
+scR54iRIGa4-01374-00476533-00476928 meters of biofuels in 2008 and expanded
+scR54iRIGa4-01375-00476929-00477199 the mandate to 36
+scR54iRIGa4-01376-00477200-00477691 billion gallons annually in 2022 the act
+scR54iRIGa4-01377-00477692-00477972 included the provision that of the 36
+scR54iRIGa4-01378-00477974-00478375 billion US gallons 140 million cubic
+scR54iRIGa4-01379-00478376-00478738 meters used no more than 15 billion US
+scR54iRIGa4-01380-00478739-00479118 gallons 57 million cubic meters could be
+scR54iRIGa4-01381-00479120-00479554 corn based ethanol in addition of the 36
+scR54iRIGa4-01382-00479555-00479964 billion US gallons 140 million cubic
+scR54iRIGa4-01383-00479966-00480301 meters no less than 16 billion must be
+scR54iRIGa4-01384-00480302-00480712 from cellulosic biofuels the Act also
+scR54iRIGa4-01385-00480713-00480946 contained provisions setting usage
+scR54iRIGa4-01386-00480947-00481197 requirements for biodiesel Congress
+scR54iRIGa4-01387-00481199-00481480 delegated the powers of establishing and
+scR54iRIGa4-01388-00481481-00481747 implementing regulations relating to the
+scR54iRIGa4-01389-00481747-00482001 RFS to the Environmental Protection
+scR54iRIGa4-01390-00482002-00482512 Agency EPA the EPA is responsible for
+scR54iRIGa4-01391-00482513-00482703 ensuring that the nation's
+scR54iRIGa4-01392-00482704-00482985 transportation fuel supply contains the
+scR54iRIGa4-01393-00482987-00483439 mandated biofuel volumes EPA's initial
+scR54iRIGa4-01394-00483439-00483772 regulations for administering RFS 1
+scR54iRIGa4-01395-00483772-00484218 issued in April 2007 established
+scR54iRIGa4-01396-00484218-00484528 detailed compliance standards for fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-01397-00484529-00484807 suppliers a tracking system based on
+scR54iRIGa4-01398-00484808-00485014 renewable
+scR54iRIGa4-01399-00485014-00485306 identification numbers are I ends with
+scR54iRIGa4-01400-00485307-00485606 credit verification and trading special
+scR54iRIGa4-01401-00485607-00485954 treatment of small refineries and
+scR54iRIGa4-01402-00485955-00486407 general waiver provisions EPA rules for
+scR54iRIGa4-01403-00486408-00486874 administering RFS to issued in February
+scR54iRIGa4-01404-00486875-00487264 2010 built upon the earlier RFS 1
+scR54iRIGa4-01405-00487266-00487493 regulations but with four major
+scR54iRIGa4-01406-00487493-00487695 distinctions
+scR54iRIGa4-01407-00487696-00487968 one mandated volumes are greatly
+scR54iRIGa4-01408-00487969-00488247 expanded and the timeframe over which
+scR54iRIGa4-01409-00488248-00488551 the volumes rampa as extended through at
+scR54iRIGa4-01410-00488552-00489055 least 2022 to the total renewable fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-01411-00489056-00489289 requirement as divided into four
+scR54iRIGa4-01412-00489289-00489631 separate but nested categories total
+scR54iRIGa4-01413-00489632-00489913 renewable fuels advanced biofuels
+scR54iRIGa4-01414-00489914-00490197 biomass based diesel and cellulosic
+scR54iRIGa4-01415-00490198-00490507 ethanol each with its own volume
+scR54iRIGa4-01416-00490508-00490933 requirement three biofuels qualifying
+scR54iRIGa4-01417-00490934-00491233 under each category must achieve certain
+scR54iRIGa4-01418-00491234-00491431 minimum thresholds of lifecycle
+scR54iRIGa4-01419-00491432-00491830 greenhouse gas GHG emission reductions
+scR54iRIGa4-01420-00491831-00492100 with certain exceptions applicable to
+scR54iRIGa4-01421-00492101-00492489 existing facilities for all renewable
+scR54iRIGa4-01422-00492491-00492757 fuel must be made from feedstocks that
+scR54iRIGa4-01423-00492758-00492991 meet a new definition of renewable
+scR54iRIGa4-01424-00492992-00493258 biomass including certain land use
+scR54iRIGa4-01425-00493259-00493513 restrictions with the expansion of the
+scR54iRIGa4-01426-00493514-00493951 RFS under ASA 2007 came a system for
+scR54iRIGa4-01427-00493952-00494356 categorizing biofuels each category has
+scR54iRIGa4-01428-00494357-00494693 a specific volume mandate and lifecycle
+scR54iRIGa4-01429-00494694-00495120 GHG emission reduction threshold these
+scR54iRIGa4-01430-00495121-00495414 categories are also subject to strict
+scR54iRIGa4-01431-00495416-00495817 biomass feedstock criteria total
+scR54iRIGa4-01432-00495818-00496087 renewable fuels the total volumetric
+scR54iRIGa4-01433-00496088-00496414 amount of biofuels mandated which grows
+scR54iRIGa4-01434-00496414-00496792 from nearly 13 billion US gallons forty
+scR54iRIGa4-01435-00496793-00497182 nine million cubic meters in 2010 to 36
+scR54iRIGa4-01436-00497183-00497584 billion US gallons 140 million cubic
+scR54iRIGa4-01437-00497585-00497817 meters in 2022
+scR54iRIGa4-01438-00497818-00498189 most biofuels including corn starch
+scR54iRIGa4-01439-00498191-00498502 ethanol fall into this category and must
+scR54iRIGa4-01440-00498503-00498864 meet a lifecycle GHG emission reduction
+scR54iRIGa4-01441-00498866-00499276 of 20% provisions state that the volume
+scR54iRIGa4-01442-00499277-00499579 of cornstarch ethanol included under the
+scR54iRIGa4-01443-00499580-00499953 RFS cannot exceed 12 billion US gallons
+scR54iRIGa4-01444-00499954-00500489 45 million cubic meters in 2010 the
+scR54iRIGa4-01445-00500489-00500818 cap grows to fifteen billion US gallons
+scR54iRIGa4-01446-00500818-00501251 57 million cubic meters by 2015 and as
+scR54iRIGa4-01447-00501252-00501568 fixed thereafter
+scR54iRIGa4-01448-00501568-00501838 advanced biofuels part of the total
+scR54iRIGa4-01449-00501839-00502150 Renewable Fuels this category includes
+scR54iRIGa4-01450-00502151-00502408 biofuels produced from non corn
+scR54iRIGa4-01451-00502409-00502521 feedstocks
+scR54iRIGa4-01452-00502522-00502860 this can include sources such as grains
+scR54iRIGa4-01453-00502862-00503095 like sorghum and wheat imported
+scR54iRIGa4-01454-00503096-00503380 Brazilian sugarcane ethanol as well as
+scR54iRIGa4-01455-00503381-00503685 biomass based biodiesel and biofuels
+scR54iRIGa4-01456-00503687-00504064 from cellulosic materials advanced
+scR54iRIGa4-01457-00504064-00504433 biofuels must reduce lifecycle GHG
+scR54iRIGa4-01458-00504434-00504895 emissions by 50% the mandate grows from
+scR54iRIGa4-01459-00504896-00505189 nearly 1 billion US gallons three
+scR54iRIGa4-01460-00505189-00505422 million eight hundred thousand cubic
+scR54iRIGa4-01461-00505424-00505821 meters in 2010 to 21 billion US gallons
+scR54iRIGa4-01462-00505822-00506133 seventy nine million cubic meters in
+scR54iRIGa4-01463-00506134-00506650 2022 cellulosic and agricultural waste
+scR54iRIGa4-01464-00506651-00506899 based biofuel part of the total
+scR54iRIGa4-01465-00506900-00507229 renewable fuels this category 100
+scR54iRIGa4-01466-00507230-00507487 million u.s. gallons three hundred
+scR54iRIGa4-01467-00507488-00507810 eighty thousand cubic meters in 2010 to
+scR54iRIGa4-01468-00507812-00508171 sixteen billion US gallons 61 million
+scR54iRIGa4-01469-00508172-00508732 cubic meters in 2022 cellulosic biofuels
+scR54iRIGa4-01470-00508733-00509128 must reduce lifecycle GHG emissions by
+scR54iRIGa4-01471-00509129-00509466 at least 60 percent to qualify
+scR54iRIGa4-01472-00509467-00509821 cellulosic biofuels are renewable fuels
+scR54iRIGa4-01473-00509822-00510151 derived from cellulose hemicellulose or
+scR54iRIGa4-01474-00510152-00510556 lignin this includes cellulosic biomass
+scR54iRIGa4-01475-00510557-00510895 ethanol as well as any biomass to liquid
+scR54iRIGa4-01476-00510896-00511185 fuels such as cellulosic gasoline or
+scR54iRIGa4-01477-00511187-00511642 diesel biomass based biodiesel part of
+scR54iRIGa4-01478-00511643-00511927 the total renewable fuels this category
+scR54iRIGa4-01479-00511928-00512454 grows from 0.5 billion US gallons
+scR54iRIGa4-01480-00512455-00512866 1,900,000 cubic meters in 2009 to 1
+scR54iRIGa4-01481-00512867-00513166 billion US gallons 3 million eight
+scR54iRIGa4-01482-00513167-00513560 hundred thousand cubic meters in 2012
+scR54iRIGa4-01483-00513562-00513885 qualifying biofuels include any diesel
+scR54iRIGa4-01484-00513887-00514162 fuel made from biomass feedstocks
+scR54iRIGa4-01485-00514163-00514471 including biodiesel mono alkyl esters
+scR54iRIGa4-01486-00514472-00514683 and non ester renewable diesel
+scR54iRIGa4-01487-00514684-00514910 cellulosic diesel
+scR54iRIGa4-01488-00514910-00515293 the lifecycle GHG emissions reduction
+scR54iRIGa4-01489-00515295-00515614 threshold as 50% ASA changed the
+scR54iRIGa4-01490-00515616-00515891 definition of renewable fuel to require
+scR54iRIGa4-01491-00515892-00516226 that it be made from feedstocks that
+scR54iRIGa4-01492-00516227-00516656 qualify as renewable biomass this
+scR54iRIGa4-01493-00516657-00516875 includes not just the types of
+scR54iRIGa4-01494-00516876-00517304 feedstocks that can be used but also the
+scR54iRIGa4-01495-00517305-00517572 land that these feedstocks are grown on
+scR54iRIGa4-01496-00517574-00517988 asa excludes new farmland cultivated
+scR54iRIGa4-01497-00517989-00518417 after December 19th 2007 as well as tree
+scR54iRIGa4-01498-00518418-00518756 crops tree residues biomass materials
+scR54iRIGa4-01499-00518757-00518968 obtained from federal lands and
+scR54iRIGa4-01500-00518970-00519407 rangeland existing agricultural land
+scR54iRIGa4-01501-00519408-00519746 includes three land categories cropland
+scR54iRIGa4-01502-00519747-00520018 pasture land and
+scR54iRIGa4-01503-00520019-00520430 Conservation Reserve Program CRP land
+scR54iRIGa4-01504-00520431-00520812 the EPA determined that fuels produced
+scR54iRIGa4-01505-00520813-00521064 from five categories of feedstocks
+scR54iRIGa4-01506-00521064-00521404 qualify as renewable biomass
+scR54iRIGa4-01507-00521405-00521731 one crop residues such as corn stover
+scR54iRIGa4-01508-00521732-00522235 wheat straw rice straw citrus residue to
+scR54iRIGa4-01509-00522236-00522524 forest material including eligible
+scR54iRIGa4-01510-00522525-00522754 forests thinnings and solid residue
+scR54iRIGa4-01511-00522755-00523108 remaining from forest product production
+scR54iRIGa4-01512-00523109-00523493 three secondary annual crops planted on
+scR54iRIGa4-01513-00523493-00523649 existing cropland
+scR54iRIGa4-01514-00523650-00524102 such as winter cover crops for separated
+scR54iRIGa4-01515-00524103-00524402 food and yard waste including biogenic
+scR54iRIGa4-01516-00524403-00524750 waste from food processing five
+scR54iRIGa4-01517-00524751-00525035 perennial grasses including switchgrass
+scR54iRIGa4-01518-00525036-00525331 and Miscanthus as part of its final rule
+scR54iRIGa4-01519-00525332-00525616 determination the EPA included an
+scR54iRIGa4-01520-00525617-00525970 analysis of the market and environmental
+scR54iRIGa4-01521-00525971-00526289 impact of the increased use of renewable
+scR54iRIGa4-01522-00526290-00526685 fuels under the RFS two standards the
+scR54iRIGa4-01523-00526686-00527077 results include reduced dependence on
+scR54iRIGa4-01524-00527078-00527468 foreign sources of crude oil by 2022 the
+scR54iRIGa4-01525-00527469-00527927 mandated 36 billion US gallons 140
+scR54iRIGa4-01526-00527928-00528212 million cubic meters of renewable fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-01527-00528213-00528491 will displace about thirteen point six
+scR54iRIGa4-01528-00528492-00528868 billion US gallons 51 million cubic
+scR54iRIGa4-01529-00528869-00529160 meters of petroleum-based gasoline and
+scR54iRIGa4-01530-00529161-00529429 diesel fuel representing about seven
+scR54iRIGa4-01531-00529430-00529693 percent of expected annual u.s.
+scR54iRIGa4-01532-00529694-00530093 transportation fuel consumption reduced
+scR54iRIGa4-01533-00530094-00530372 price of domestic transportation fuels
+scR54iRIGa4-01534-00530373-00530762 by 2022 the increased use of renewable
+scR54iRIGa4-01535-00530763-00531047 fuels as expected to decrease gasoline
+scR54iRIGa4-01536-00531048-00531560 costs by 0.02 $4 per gallon and diesel
+scR54iRIGa4-01537-00531561-00532070 costs by 0.12 $1 per gallon producing a
+scR54iRIGa4-01538-00532071-00532354 combined annual savings of nearly 12
+scR54iRIGa4-01539-00532355-00532801 billion dollars reduced GHG emissions
+scR54iRIGa4-01540-00532802-00533201 when fully implemented in 2022 the
+scR54iRIGa4-01541-00533202-00533533 expanded use of biofuels under the RFS
+scR54iRIGa4-01542-00533534-00533866 as expected to reduce annual GHG
+scR54iRIGa4-01543-00533867-00534295 emissions by 138 million metric tons
+scR54iRIGa4-01544-00534296-00534683 this is equivalent to taking about 27
+scR54iRIGa4-01545-00534684-00534794 million vehicle
+scR54iRIGa4-01546-00534795-00534988 is off the road
+scR54iRIGa4-01547-00534989-00535408 increased us farm income by 2022 the
+scR54iRIGa4-01548-00535409-00535666 expanded market for agricultural
+scR54iRIGa4-01549-00535667-00535915 products such as corn and soybeans
+scR54iRIGa4-01550-00535916-00536197 resulting from biofuels production as
+scR54iRIGa4-01551-00536198-00536455 expected to increase annual net farm
+scR54iRIGa4-01552-00536456-00536874 income by thirteen billion dollars
+scR54iRIGa4-01553-00536875-00537223 decreased corn and soybean exports the
+scR54iRIGa4-01554-00537224-00537526 expanded use of cornstarch and soybean
+scR54iRIGa4-01555-00537527-00537811 oil for biofuels is expected to reduce
+scR54iRIGa4-01556-00537812-00538093 corn exports by eight percent and
+scR54iRIGa4-01557-00538094-00538414 soybean exports by fourteen percent by
+scR54iRIGa4-01558-00538415-00538897 2022 increased cost of food in the
+scR54iRIGa4-01559-00538898-00539182 United States the increased demand for
+scR54iRIGa4-01560-00539183-00539491 u.s. agricultural products is expected
+scR54iRIGa4-01561-00539492-00539734 to raise the overall commodity price
+scR54iRIGa4-01562-00539735-00540001 structure leading to an annual increase
+scR54iRIGa4-01563-00540002-00540292 in the cost of food per capita of about
+scR54iRIGa4-01564-00540293-00540688 $10 by 2022 or over three billion
+scR54iRIGa4-01565-00540689-00541117 dollars increased emissions of certain
+scR54iRIGa4-01566-00541118-00541396 air contaminants but decreased emissions
+scR54iRIGa4-01567-00541397-00541660 of others contaminants expected to
+scR54iRIGa4-01568-00541661-00541984 increase include hydrocarbons nitrogen
+scR54iRIGa4-01569-00541985-00542326 oxides NOx acetaldehyde and ethanol
+scR54iRIGa4-01570-00542327-00542593 those expected to decrease include
+scR54iRIGa4-01571-00542594-00543037 carbon monoxide CO and benzene the
+scR54iRIGa4-01572-00543038-00543268 effects are expected to vary widely
+scR54iRIGa4-01573-00543269-00543598 across regions but in the net increases
+scR54iRIGa4-01574-00543599-00543889 in population weighted annual average
+scR54iRIGa4-01575-00543890-00544221 ambient PM and ozone concentrations are
+scR54iRIGa4-01576-00544222-00544645 anticipated to lead to up to 245 cases
+scR54iRIGa4-01577-00544646-00544957 of adult premature mortality the RFS is
+scR54iRIGa4-01578-00544958-00545206 subject to arguments both for and
+scR54iRIGa4-01579-00545207-00545629 against the policy supporters of the RFS
+scR54iRIGa4-01580-00545630-00545932 claim it serves several public policy
+scR54iRIGa4-01581-00545933-00546358 interests the RFS reduces the risk of
+scR54iRIGa4-01582-00546359-00546637 investing in renewable biofuels by
+scR54iRIGa4-01583-00546638-00546874 guaranteeing demand for a projected
+scR54iRIGa4-01584-00546875-00547345 period it enhances US energy security by
+scR54iRIGa4-01585-00547346-00547585 promoting production of a liquid fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-01586-00547586-00547987 from renewable domestic sources this in
+scR54iRIGa4-01587-00547988-00548311 turn results in a decreased reliance on
+scR54iRIGa4-01588-00548312-00548374 import
+scR54iRIGa4-01589-00548375-00548833 fossil fuels the RFS acts as a boost to
+scR54iRIGa4-01590-00548834-00549079 the u.s. agricultural sector by
+scR54iRIGa4-01591-00549080-00549313 providing an additional source of demand
+scR54iRIGa4-01592-00549314-00549601 for US agricultural products and
+scR54iRIGa4-01593-00549602-00549874 increases rural incomes and rural
+scR54iRIGa4-01594-00549875-00550222 employment opportunities supporters
+scR54iRIGa4-01595-00550223-00550498 argue that renewable biofuels go
+scR54iRIGa4-01596-00550499-00550750 unrecognized for the full extent of
+scR54iRIGa4-01597-00550751-00550986 their environmental benefits
+scR54iRIGa4-01598-00550987-00551337 unlike gasoline and gasoline additives
+scR54iRIGa4-01599-00551338-00551613 biofuels are non-toxic and biodegradable
+scR54iRIGa4-01600-00551614-00552127 and emit substantially lower volumes of
+scR54iRIGa4-01601-00552128-00552403 direct greenhouse gases than fossil
+scR54iRIGa4-01602-00552404-00552658 fuels when produced harvested and
+scR54iRIGa4-01603-00552659-00552876 processed under the right circumstances
+scR54iRIGa4-01604-00552877-00553246 the RFS has received a fair amount of
+scR54iRIGa4-01605-00553247-00553491 criticism particularly of the ASA
+scR54iRIGa4-01606-00553492-00553948 expansion of the original RFS opponents
+scR54iRIGa4-01607-00553949-00554215 argue that by picking the biofuels as a
+scR54iRIGa4-01608-00554216-00554568 sort of winner alternative fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-01609-00554569-00554863 policymakers may exclude or slow down
+scR54iRIGa4-01610-00554864-00555100 the development of other potentially
+scR54iRIGa4-01611-00555101-00555417 preferable alternative energy sources
+scR54iRIGa4-01612-00555418-00555754 critics contend that biofuels are given
+scR54iRIGa4-01613-00555755-00555955 an advantage through the billions of
+scR54iRIGa4-01614-00555956-00556276 dollars of annual subsidies this
+scR54iRIGa4-01615-00556277-00556507 distorts the market and investment
+scR54iRIGa4-01616-00556508-00556801 incentives redirecting venture capital
+scR54iRIGa4-01617-00556802-00557029 and other investment dollars away from
+scR54iRIGa4-01618-00557030-00557376 competing alternative energy sources
+scR54iRIGa4-01619-00557377-00557683 instead these critics have argued for a
+scR54iRIGa4-01620-00557684-00558109 more technology neutral policy the
+scR54iRIGa4-01621-00558110-00558373 argument also states that continued
+scR54iRIGa4-01622-00558374-00558616 large federal incentives for ethanol
+scR54iRIGa4-01623-00558617-00558916 production are no longer necessary since
+scR54iRIGa4-01624-00558917-00559215 the sector as no longer in its economic
+scR54iRIGa4-01625-00559216-00559555 infancy and would have been profitable
+scR54iRIGa4-01626-00559556-00559987 during much of 2006 and 2007 without
+scR54iRIGa4-01627-00559988-00560368 federal subsidies the expanded mandate
+scR54iRIGa4-01628-00560369-00560598 could have substantial unintended
+scR54iRIGa4-01629-00560599-00560868 consequences in other areas of policy
+scR54iRIGa4-01630-00560869-00561193 importance including energy petroleum
+scR54iRIGa4-01631-00561194-00561478 security pollutant and greenhouse gas
+scR54iRIGa4-01632-00561479-00561736 emissions agricultural commodity
+scR54iRIGa4-01633-00561737-00562030 and food markets land-use patterns and
+scR54iRIGa4-01634-00562031-00562356 soil and water quality and conservation
+scR54iRIGa4-01635-00562357-00562678 though biofuels are a liquid fuel that
+scR54iRIGa4-01636-00562679-00562936 can be incorporated into the current
+scR54iRIGa4-01637-00562937-00563185 storage distribution and pumping
+scR54iRIGa4-01638-00563186-00563470 infrastructure the ability to do so has
+scR54iRIGa4-01639-00563471-00563833 its limits biofuels have a number of
+scR54iRIGa4-01640-00563834-00564055 properties that will make it difficult
+scR54iRIGa4-01641-00564056-00564259 to fully and effectively incorporate
+scR54iRIGa4-01642-00564260-00564538 them into the gasoline infrastructure
+scR54iRIGa4-01643-00564539-00564892 and vehicle fleet biofuels can differ
+scR54iRIGa4-01644-00564893-00565123 from gasoline in a number of ways
+scR54iRIGa4-01645-00565124-00565414 depending on the particular fuel lower
+scR54iRIGa4-01646-00565415-00565693 energy content different physical and
+scR54iRIGa4-01647-00565694-00565978 combustion characteristics and corrosive
+scR54iRIGa4-01648-00565979-00566293 properties these differences would
+scR54iRIGa4-01649-00566294-00566542 require modifications to current
+scR54iRIGa4-01650-00566543-00566805 infrastructure and vehicle design
+scR54iRIGa4-01651-00566806-00567139 opponents also argue that taxpayers are
+scR54iRIGa4-01652-00567140-00567409 being asked to finance ever-increasing
+scR54iRIGa4-01653-00567410-00567637 biofuel subsidies that have the
+scR54iRIGa4-01654-00567638-00567859 potential to affect future federal
+scR54iRIGa4-01655-00567860-00568535 budgetary choices
+scR54iRIGa4-01656-00568536-00569012 topic biomass crop assistance program BC
+scR54iRIGa4-01657-00569013-00569423 AP
+scR54iRIGa4-01658-00569424-00569789 in the renewable fuel standard RFS the
+scR54iRIGa4-01659-00569790-00570054 federal government set up a program to
+scR54iRIGa4-01660-00570055-00570339 guarantee a demand for biofuels and thus
+scR54iRIGa4-01661-00570340-00570675 promote the biofuels industry this
+scR54iRIGa4-01662-00570676-00570906 demand can only be met if there is a
+scR54iRIGa4-01663-00570907-00571172 steady readily available supply of
+scR54iRIGa4-01664-00571173-00571416 biomass feedstocks for producing
+scR54iRIGa4-01665-00571417-00571812 biofuels in the food conservation and
+scR54iRIGa4-01666-00571813-00572456 Energy Act of 2008 pub l110 to 234 the
+scR54iRIGa4-01667-00572457-00572729 federal government created a program to
+scR54iRIGa4-01668-00572730-00572972 help guarantee this supply called the
+scR54iRIGa4-01669-00572973-00573404 biomass crop assistance program BCA P as
+scR54iRIGa4-01670-00573405-00573804 with the RFS investors in the market are
+scR54iRIGa4-01671-00573805-00574052 reluctant to place money in a currently
+scR54iRIGa4-01672-00574053-00574335 improving technology or are reluctant to
+scR54iRIGa4-01673-00574336-00574575 dedicate other resources to some
+scR54iRIGa4-01674-00574576-00574833 endeavor without a guarantee of a market
+scR54iRIGa4-01675-00574834-00575173 to sell the eventual products such
+scR54iRIGa4-01676-00575174-00575466 technologies and resources include the
+scR54iRIGa4-01677-00575467-00575793 ability to convert cellulosic biomass to
+scR54iRIGa4-01678-00575794-00576110 biofuels and cropland for feedstocks the
+scR54iRIGa4-01679-00576111-00576485 biomass crop assistance program BCA P
+scR54iRIGa4-01680-00576486-00576908 was created for two purposes one to
+scR54iRIGa4-01681-00576909-00577160 support the establishment and production
+scR54iRIGa4-01682-00577161-00577402 of eligible crops for conversion to
+scR54iRIGa4-01683-00577403-00577739 bioenergy in selected areas
+scR54iRIGa4-01684-00577740-00578072 to to assist agricultural and forest
+scR54iRIGa4-01685-00578073-00578285 land owners and operators with
+scR54iRIGa4-01686-00578286-00578531 collection harvest storage and
+scR54iRIGa4-01687-00578532-00578831 transportation of eligible material for
+scR54iRIGa4-01688-00578832-00579146 use in a biomass conversion facility one
+scR54iRIGa4-01689-00579147-00579371 of the difficulties associated with
+scR54iRIGa4-01690-00579372-00579611 bioenergy as the need for a steady
+scR54iRIGa4-01691-00579612-00580067 supply of biomass feedstocks the BCA P
+scR54iRIGa4-01692-00580068-00580295 was created with the intention of
+scR54iRIGa4-01693-00580296-00580637 helping to relieve this problem in 2009
+scR54iRIGa4-01694-00580638-00580958 the US Department of Agriculture began
+scR54iRIGa4-01695-00580959-00581402 to implement the program in June 2009
+scR54iRIGa4-01696-00581403-00581897 the USDA's Farm Service Agency FSA began
+scR54iRIGa4-01697-00581898-00582164 the collection harvest storage and
+scR54iRIGa4-01698-00582165-00582560 transportation chst payment portion of
+scR54iRIGa4-01699-00582561-00582812 BCA p with a notice of funds
+scR54iRIGa4-01700-00582813-00583117 availability in the Federal Register On
+scR54iRIGa4-01701-00583118-00583601 February 8 2010 the USDA began the
+scR54iRIGa4-01702-00583602-00583856 rulemaking process for implementing of
+scR54iRIGa4-01703-00583857-00584291 the rest of the BCA P program on October
+scR54iRIGa4-01704-00584292-00584852 27 2010 the USDA issued the BCA P final
+scR54iRIGa4-01705-00584853-00585038 rule which will implement both
+scR54iRIGa4-01706-00585039-00585386 components of the program payment for
+scR54iRIGa4-01707-00585387-00585605 these components are split into two
+scR54iRIGa4-01708-00585606-00585756 forms
+scR54iRIGa4-01709-00585757-00586075 one annual and establishment payments
+scR54iRIGa4-01710-00586076-00586335 which share in the cost of establishing
+scR54iRIGa4-01711-00586336-00586612 eligible biomass crops and maintaining
+scR54iRIGa4-01712-00586613-00587014 production to matching payments which
+scR54iRIGa4-01713-00587015-00587220 share in the cost of the collection
+scR54iRIGa4-01714-00587221-00587529 harvest storage and transportation of
+scR54iRIGa4-01715-00587530-00587779 biomass to an eligible biomass
+scR54iRIGa4-01716-00587780-00588018 conversion facility annual and
+scR54iRIGa4-01717-00588019-00588277 establishment payments created to assist
+scR54iRIGa4-01718-00588278-00588522 producers with establishing new
+scR54iRIGa4-01719-00588523-00588835 dedicated biomass crops for bioenergy
+scR54iRIGa4-01720-00588836-00589095 production and to cover any lost income
+scR54iRIGa4-01721-00589096-00589320 and additional risk from shifting away
+scR54iRIGa4-01722-00589321-00589675 from traditional crop production this
+scR54iRIGa4-01723-00589676-00589897 includes such things as clearing
+scR54iRIGa4-01724-00589898-00590160 planting and seeding new purely
+scR54iRIGa4-01725-00590161-00590535 feedstock crops annual payments would be
+scR54iRIGa4-01726-00590536-00590814 made to eligible producers of biomass
+scR54iRIGa4-01727-00590815-00591201 crops within a specific project area
+scR54iRIGa4-01728-00591202-00591447 establishment payments would cover the
+scR54iRIGa4-01729-00591448-00591714 cost associated with establishing these
+scR54iRIGa4-01730-00591715-00592012 crops within a project area matching
+scR54iRIGa4-01731-00592013-00592291 payments created to provide incentives
+scR54iRIGa4-01732-00592292-00592585 for collecting underutilized biomass for
+scR54iRIGa4-01733-00592586-00592927 bioenergy production this would remove
+scR54iRIGa4-01734-00592928-00593185 existing biomass where it might not
+scR54iRIGa4-01735-00593186-00593491 currently be profitable to do so such as
+scR54iRIGa4-01736-00593492-00593810 from crop residue or forest undergrowth
+scR54iRIGa4-01737-00593811-00594178 through a matching payment USDA would
+scR54iRIGa4-01738-00594179-00594535 pay dollar for dollar up to $45 per
+scR54iRIGa4-01739-00594536-00594793 tonne of the price to collect harvest
+scR54iRIGa4-01740-00594794-00595135 store and transport eligible material to
+scR54iRIGa4-01741-00595136-00595468 biomass conversion facilities the
+scR54iRIGa4-01742-00595469-00595720 payments have different eligibility and
+scR54iRIGa4-01743-00595721-00596004 signup requirements payment rates and
+scR54iRIGa4-01744-00596005-00596655 contract length
+scR54iRIGa4-01745-00596656-00597221 topic state laws
+scR54iRIGa4-01746-00597222-00597452 there are a number of states that have
+scR54iRIGa4-01747-00597453-00597707 implemented laws and programs to
+scR54iRIGa4-01748-00597708-00597971 influence the economics of alternative
+scR54iRIGa4-01749-00597972-00598172 fuel production and market penetration
+scR54iRIGa4-01750-00598173-00598763 as of 2006 demand for agriculture based
+scR54iRIGa4-01751-00598764-00599042 renewable energy as being promoted in
+scR54iRIGa4-01752-00599043-00599278 part by state renewable portfolio
+scR54iRIGa4-01753-00599279-00599693 standards RPS which require utilities to
+scR54iRIGa4-01754-00599694-00599909 produce a percentage of their energy
+scR54iRIGa4-01755-00599910-00600316 from renewable sources as of January
+scR54iRIGa4-01756-00600317-00600746 2006 34 states had implemented RPS is
+scR54iRIGa4-01757-00600747-00601028 requiring at a minimum that state
+scR54iRIGa4-01758-00601029-00601313 vehicles utilize certain volumes or
+scR54iRIGa4-01759-00601314-00601670 percentages of renewable fuels some
+scR54iRIGa4-01760-00601671-00601985 states have taken the RPS a step further
+scR54iRIGa4-01761-00601986-00602237 and applied it to all motor vehicles
+scR54iRIGa4-01762-00602238-00602608 within a state in addition to the large
+scR54iRIGa4-01763-00602609-00602861 legislative documents dealing with
+scR54iRIGa4-01764-00602862-00603167 biofuels there are also many rules and
+scR54iRIGa4-01765-00603168-00603458 regulations created by federal agencies
+scR54iRIGa4-01766-00603459-00603737 dealing specifically with biofuel
+scR54iRIGa4-01767-00603738-00604022 development creation infrastructure
+scR54iRIGa4-01768-00604023-00604397 economy efficiency supply and types of
+scR54iRIGa4-01769-00604398-00604975 biofuel
+scR54iRIGa4-01770-00604976-00605535 topic tax credits
+scR54iRIGa4-01771-00605536-00605806 several states have tax credits
+scR54iRIGa4-01772-00605807-00606066 specifically geared towards selling and
+scR54iRIGa4-01773-00606067-00606414 buying more ethanol and biodiesel these
+scR54iRIGa4-01774-00606415-00606682 can be applied to producers trying to
+scR54iRIGa4-01775-00606683-00606958 make more biofuels and give them bonuses
+scR54iRIGa4-01776-00606959-00607320 to sell more fuel they can also be given
+scR54iRIGa4-01777-00607321-00607635 to buyers to reduce prices at the pump
+scR54iRIGa4-01778-00607636-00607872 since there are only a couple
+scR54iRIGa4-01779-00607873-00608137 significant federally mandated tax
+scR54iRIGa4-01780-00608138-00608428 credits for biofuels many states have
+scR54iRIGa4-01781-00608429-00608818 their own set of incentives table one
+scR54iRIGa4-01782-00608819-00609093 the different types of tax credits from
+scR54iRIGa4-01783-00609094-00609312 different states as noted from the
+scR54iRIGa4-01784-00609313-00609558 Department of Energy's state incentives
+scR54iRIGa4-01785-00609559-00610249 for biodiesel database
+scR54iRIGa4-01786-00610250-00610748 topic grants
+scR54iRIGa4-01787-00610749-00611052 many states have money set aside to
+scR54iRIGa4-01788-00611053-00611279 specifically encourage the research of
+scR54iRIGa4-01789-00611280-00611508 biofuels with the goals of increasing
+scR54iRIGa4-01790-00611509-00611860 fuel efficiency and cost effectiveness
+scR54iRIGa4-01791-00611861-00612173 this money is given out in the form of
+scR54iRIGa4-01792-00612174-00612408 grants and as usually awarded to
+scR54iRIGa4-01793-00612409-00612650 universities private companies and
+scR54iRIGa4-01794-00612651-00612875 government facilities conducting
+scR54iRIGa4-01795-00612876-00613256 research on biofuels these grants differ
+scR54iRIGa4-01796-00613257-00613510 greatly by state
+scR54iRIGa4-01797-00613511-00613834 Table two grants and grant programs
+scR54iRIGa4-01798-00613835-00614104 awarded to groups in each state from the
+scR54iRIGa4-01799-00614105-00614422 US doe database on biodiesel incentives
+scR54iRIGa4-01800-00614423-00614916 and laws
+scR54iRIGa4-01801-00614917-00615518 topic state regulations
+scR54iRIGa4-01802-00615519-00615793 in addition to grants and tax incentives
+scR54iRIGa4-01803-00615794-00616070 several states have other laws to
+scR54iRIGa4-01804-00616071-00616284 encourage the use and production of
+scR54iRIGa4-01805-00616285-00616620 biofuels many of these other laws
+scR54iRIGa4-01806-00616621-00616895 require some type of conversion to
+scR54iRIGa4-01807-00616896-00617151 alternative fuels for state vehicle
+scR54iRIGa4-01808-00617152-00617415 fleets or require some percentage of
+scR54iRIGa4-01809-00617416-00617645 fuel within a state to come from a
+scR54iRIGa4-01810-00617646-00618084 renewable source Table three the various
+scR54iRIGa4-01811-00618085-00618320 laws and regulations dealing with
+scR54iRIGa4-01812-00618321-00618633 biofuel standards state fleets and other
+scR54iRIGa4-01813-00618634-00618924 alternative fuels as pulled from the US
+scR54iRIGa4-01814-00618925-00619166 does database for state laws and
+scR54iRIGa4-01815-00619167-00619602 incentives for biodiesel and etc denotes
+scR54iRIGa4-01816-00619603-00619839 more than four specific laws and
+scR54iRIGa4-01817-00619840-00620385 regulations
+scR54iRIGa4-01818-00620386-00621381 topic rules and regulations
+scR54iRIGa4-01819-00621382-00621991 topic rule making process
+scR54iRIGa4-01820-00621992-00622291 the rulemaking process differs from the
+scR54iRIGa4-01821-00622292-00622622 legislative acts of Congress it requires
+scR54iRIGa4-01822-00622623-00622862 much more public involvement and
+scR54iRIGa4-01823-00622863-00623132 generally requires many rewrites of
+scR54iRIGa4-01824-00623133-00623740 certain policies
+scR54iRIGa4-01825-00623741-00624301 topic motives for change
+scR54iRIGa4-01826-00624302-00624565 federal regulations from different
+scR54iRIGa4-01827-00624566-00624814 agencies are the results of Congress
+scR54iRIGa4-01828-00624815-00625069 mandating the creation of standards for
+scR54iRIGa4-01829-00625070-00625399 some type of Industry in this case
+scR54iRIGa4-01830-00625400-00625690 Congress will have mandated programs in
+scR54iRIGa4-01831-00625691-00626167 agencies such as the DOE dot USDA an FTC
+scR54iRIGa4-01832-00626168-00626446 to regulate and encourage the production
+scR54iRIGa4-01833-00626447-00626710 distribution and implementation of
+scR54iRIGa4-01834-00626711-00627405 biofuels throughout the u.s.
+scR54iRIGa4-01835-00627406-00627932 topic full procedure
+scR54iRIGa4-01836-00627933-00628265 the rulemaking process usually takes a
+scR54iRIGa4-01837-00628266-00628496 couple years and requires public
+scR54iRIGa4-01838-00628497-00628769 involvement but is usually done outside
+scR54iRIGa4-01839-00628770-00629079 of Congress after the legislature
+scR54iRIGa4-01840-00629080-00629339 mandates an agency to make a new
+scR54iRIGa4-01841-00629340-00629591 regulation that agency may make an
+scR54iRIGa4-01842-00629592-00629792 announcement via the Federal Register
+scR54iRIGa4-01843-00629793-00630059 that is considering creating a new
+scR54iRIGa4-01844-00630060-00630338 regulation call an advanced notice of
+scR54iRIGa4-01845-00630339-00630761 proposed rulemaking ano PR in this
+scR54iRIGa4-01846-00630762-00631055 general statement the agency is simply
+scR54iRIGa4-01847-00631056-00631322 making a declaration of changes it might
+scR54iRIGa4-01848-00631323-00631505 make and is letting the public know
+scR54iRIGa4-01849-00631506-00631772 dates and times of which discussion on
+scR54iRIGa4-01850-00631773-00632147 these changes maybe once that agency has
+scR54iRIGa4-01851-00632148-00632417 decided to make the rule they will send
+scR54iRIGa4-01852-00632418-00632657 out a new announcement called a notice
+scR54iRIGa4-01853-00632658-00632987 of proposed rulemaking NOP are saying
+scR54iRIGa4-01854-00632988-00633221 that it intends to make a new rule and
+scR54iRIGa4-01855-00633222-00633430 the details of what it may be
+scR54iRIGa4-01856-00633431-00633809 these NOP RS then ask for public
+scR54iRIGa4-01857-00633810-00634029 feedback both in the form of letters
+scR54iRIGa4-01858-00634030-00634377 emails and open forum discussion set up
+scR54iRIGa4-01859-00634378-00634763 by that agency the exact date and times
+scR54iRIGa4-01860-00634764-00635030 of meetings and deadlines will also be
+scR54iRIGa4-01861-00635031-00635411 detailed after that deadline the agency
+scR54iRIGa4-01862-00635412-00635669 will use the public feedback and revise
+scR54iRIGa4-01863-00635670-00635968 the proposed standards to meet those
+scR54iRIGa4-01864-00635969-00636327 another n o PR will then be sent it out
+scR54iRIGa4-01865-00636328-00636590 again calling for feedback and more
+scR54iRIGa4-01866-00636591-00636935 revisions will take place after this
+scR54iRIGa4-01867-00636936-00637220 process takes place a few times the
+scR54iRIGa4-01868-00637221-00637514 agency will send out a final copy of the
+scR54iRIGa4-01869-00637515-00637721 new regulations and they will take
+scR54iRIGa4-01870-00637722-00638443 effect as law for that industry
+scR54iRIGa4-01871-00638444-00639021 topic agency policy
+scR54iRIGa4-01872-00639022-00639333 every agency mandated by the federal
+scR54iRIGa4-01873-00639334-00639573 government to work with some aspect of
+scR54iRIGa4-01874-00639574-00639891 biofuel creation and implementation has
+scR54iRIGa4-01875-00639892-00640146 several different responsibilities in
+scR54iRIGa4-01876-00640147-00640504 regulating the biofuel industry these
+scR54iRIGa4-01877-00640505-00640762 include policies to encourage their
+scR54iRIGa4-01878-00640763-00640985 development regulate the mass production
+scR54iRIGa4-01879-00640986-00641337 reduce their costs and promote biofuel
+scR54iRIGa4-01880-00641338-00641671 in government vehicles
+scR54iRIGa4-01881-00641672-00641990 topic Department of Energy dough the
+scR54iRIGa4-01882-00641991-00642196 dough has created a number of programs
+scR54iRIGa4-01883-00642197-00642451 intended to disseminate information
+scR54iRIGa4-01884-00642452-00642842 regarding alternative fuels energy
+scR54iRIGa4-01885-00642843-00643076 efficiency and renewable energy
+scR54iRIGa4-01886-00643077-00643412 EERE biomass program Clean Cities
+scR54iRIGa4-01887-00643413-00643721 alternative fuels and advanced vehicles
+scR54iRIGa4-01888-00643722-00644024 data center doe is also responsible for
+scR54iRIGa4-01889-00644025-00644273 administration of various financial
+scR54iRIGa4-01890-00644274-00644513 incentive programs including the
+scR54iRIGa4-01891-00644514-00644770 following
+scR54iRIGa4-01892-00644771-00645106 biorefinery project grants
+scR54iRIGa4-01893-00645107-00645346 loan guarantees for ethanol and
+scR54iRIGa4-01894-00645347-00645597 commercial byproducts from cellulose
+scR54iRIGa4-01895-00645598-00646112 municipal solid waste MSW and sugarcane
+scR54iRIGa4-01896-00646113-00646535 Doh loan guarantee program cellulosic
+scR54iRIGa4-01897-00646536-00647127 ethanol reserve auction
+scR54iRIGa4-01898-00647128-00647517 topic Environmental Protection Agency
+scR54iRIGa4-01899-00647518-00647947 EPA
+scR54iRIGa4-01900-00647948-00648223 the EPA is responsible for
+scR54iRIGa4-01901-00648224-00648457 administration of the renewable fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-01902-00648458-00648904 standard RFS established by EPAct 2005
+scR54iRIGa4-01903-00648905-00649479 PL 109 258 and amended by asa 2007
+scR54iRIGa4-01904-00649480-00649910 pl-110 to 140
+scR54iRIGa4-01905-00649911-00650151 these responsibilities include
+scR54iRIGa4-01906-00650152-00650447 promulgating rules detailing compliance
+scR54iRIGa4-01907-00650448-00650706 standards for fuel suppliers and for
+scR54iRIGa4-01908-00650707-00650906 establishing a system which allows
+scR54iRIGa4-01909-00650907-00651185 renewable fuel credits to be traded
+scR54iRIGa4-01910-00651186-00651836 between fuel suppliers
+scR54iRIGa4-01911-00651837-00652537 topic Department of Transportation dot
+scR54iRIGa4-01912-00652538-00652738 the dot is responsible for
+scR54iRIGa4-01913-00652739-00652993 administration of the flexible fuel
+scR54iRIGa4-01914-00652994-00653780 vehicle ffv production incentive
+scR54iRIGa4-01915-00653781-00654529 topic Internal Revenue Service IRS
+scR54iRIGa4-01916-00654530-00654814 the IRS is responsible for
+scR54iRIGa4-01917-00654815-00655054 administration of a variety of tax
+scR54iRIGa4-01918-00655055-00655463 credits and related incentives
+scR54iRIGa4-01919-00655464-00655873 volumetric ethanol excise tax credit
+scR54iRIGa4-01920-00655874-00656312 small ethanol excise tax credit
+scR54iRIGa4-01921-00656313-00656735 small ethanol producer credit biodiesel
+scR54iRIGa4-01922-00656736-00657231 Tax Credit small Agri biodiesel producer
+scR54iRIGa4-01923-00657232-00657659 credit renewable diesel tax credit
+scR54iRIGa4-01924-00657660-00657950 credit for production of cellulosic
+scR54iRIGa4-01925-00657951-00658407 biofuel special depreciation allowance
+scR54iRIGa4-01926-00658408-00658816 for cellulosic biofuel plant property
+scR54iRIGa4-01927-00658817-00659454 alternative fuel station credit
+scR54iRIGa4-01928-00659455-00659799 topic United States Department of
+scR54iRIGa4-01929-00659800-00660366 Agriculture USDA
+scR54iRIGa4-01930-00660367-00660727 the USDA is responsible for programs
+scR54iRIGa4-01931-00660728-00660976 related to promotion of alternative
+scR54iRIGa4-01932-00660977-00661393 fuels biorefinery assistance repowering
+scR54iRIGa4-01933-00661394-00661663 assistance bioenergy program for
+scR54iRIGa4-01934-00661664-00661987 advanced biofuels feedstock flexibility
+scR54iRIGa4-01935-00661988-00662241 program for producers of biofuels
+scR54iRIGa4-01936-00662242-00662653 biomass crop assistance program BCA p
+scR54iRIGa4-01937-00662654-00662970 rural energy for America program reap
+scR54iRIGa4-01938-00662971-00663211 biomass research and development
+scR54iRIGa4-01939-00663212-00663532 business and industry B and I guaranteed
+scR54iRIGa4-01940-00663533-00663820 loans rural business enterprise grants
+scR54iRIGa4-01941-00663821-00664150 are B eg value-added grants rural
+scR54iRIGa4-01942-00664151-00664384 economic development loan and grant
+scR54iRIGa4-01943-00664385-00664665 programs
+sh2d9necluY-00000-00000053-00000310 the book an essay on the principle of
+sh2d9necluY-00001-00000311-00000526 population was first published
+sh2d9necluY-00002-00000527-00000894 anonymously in 1798 but the author was
+sh2d9necluY-00003-00000896-00001212 soon identified as Thomas Robert Malthus
+sh2d9necluY-00004-00001213-00001545 the book predicted a grim future as
+sh2d9necluY-00005-00001546-00001788 population would increase geometrically
+sh2d9necluY-00006-00001789-00002122 doubling every 25 years but food
+sh2d9necluY-00007-00002123-00002383 production would only grow arithmetic Li
+sh2d9necluY-00008-00002384-00002584 which would result in famine and
+sh2d9necluY-00009-00002585-00002674 starvation
+sh2d9necluY-00010-00002675-00002923 unless births were controlled while it
+sh2d9necluY-00011-00002924-00003175 was not the first book on population it
+sh2d9necluY-00012-00003176-00003472 was revised for over 28 years and has
+sh2d9necluY-00013-00003472-00003619 been acknowledged as the most
+sh2d9necluY-00014-00003620-00003976 influential work of its era malthus's
+sh2d9necluY-00015-00003977-00004252 book fueled debate about the size of the
+sh2d9necluY-00016-00004253-00004453 population in the Kingdom of Great
+sh2d9necluY-00017-00004454-00004699 Britain and contributed to the passing
+sh2d9necluY-00018-00004700-00005134 of the census Act 1800 this act enabled
+sh2d9necluY-00019-00005135-00005361 the holding of a national census in
+sh2d9necluY-00020-00005362-00005674 England Wales and Scotland starting in
+sh2d9necluY-00021-00005675-00005986 1801 and continuing every 10 years to
+sh2d9necluY-00022-00005987-00006492 the present the books 6th edition 1826
+sh2d9necluY-00023-00006493-00006709 was independently cited as a key
+sh2d9necluY-00024-00006709-00006958 influence by both Charles Darwin and
+sh2d9necluY-00025-00006959-00007192 Alfred Russel Wallace in developing the
+sh2d9necluY-00026-00007193-00007555 theory of natural selection a key
+sh2d9necluY-00027-00007556-00007773 portion of the book was dedicated to
+sh2d9necluY-00028-00007775-00008045 what is now known as Malthus iron law of
+sh2d9necluY-00029-00008047-00008299 population this name itself is
+sh2d9necluY-00030-00008300-00008551 retrospective based on the iron law of
+sh2d9necluY-00031-00008552-00008824 wages which is the reformulation of
+sh2d9necluY-00032-00008825-00009055 Malthus position by Ferdinand Lassalle
+sh2d9necluY-00033-00009056-00009306 who in turn derived the name from
+sh2d9necluY-00034-00009307-00009802 Goethe's great eternal iron laws in dass
+sh2d9necluY-00035-00009803-00010110 got leash this theory suggested that
+sh2d9necluY-00036-00010111-00010314 growing population rates would
+sh2d9necluY-00037-00010315-00010570 contribute to a rising supply of labor
+sh2d9necluY-00038-00010571-00010914 that would inevitably lower wages in
+sh2d9necluY-00039-00010915-00011212 essence Malthus feared that continued
+sh2d9necluY-00040-00011213-00011478 population growth would lend itself to
+sh2d9necluY-00041-00011479-00011956 poverty and famine in 1803 Malthus
+sh2d9necluY-00042-00011957-00012238 published under the same title a heavily
+sh2d9necluY-00043-00012239-00012606 revised second edition of his work his
+sh2d9necluY-00044-00012607-00012904 final version the sixth edition was
+sh2d9necluY-00045-00012905-00013235 published in 1826
+sh2d9necluY-00046-00013236-00013676 in 1830 32 years after the first edition
+sh2d9necluY-00047-00013677-00013909 Malthus published a condensed version
+sh2d9necluY-00048-00013910-00014201 entitled a summary view on the principle
+sh2d9necluY-00049-00014202-00014494 of population which included responses
+sh2d9necluY-00050-00014496-00015271 to criticisms of the larger work
+sh2d9necluY-00051-00015272-00015833 topic overview
+sh2d9necluY-00052-00015834-00016373 between 1798 and 1826 Malthus published
+sh2d9necluY-00053-00016374-00016622 six editions of his famous treatise
+sh2d9necluY-00054-00016623-00016905 updating each edition to incorporate new
+sh2d9necluY-00055-00016906-00017205 material to address criticism and to
+sh2d9necluY-00056-00017206-00017444 convey changes in his own perspectives
+sh2d9necluY-00057-00017445-00017570 on the subject
+sh2d9necluY-00058-00017571-00017922 he wrote the original text in reaction
+sh2d9necluY-00059-00017923-00018137 to the optimism of his father and his
+sh2d9necluY-00060-00018138-00018411 father's associates notably Rousseau
+sh2d9necluY-00061-00018412-00018639 regarding the future improvement of
+sh2d9necluY-00062-00018640-00018781 society
+sh2d9necluY-00063-00018782-00019112 Malthus also constructed his case as a
+sh2d9necluY-00064-00019113-00019344 specific response to writings of William
+sh2d9necluY-00065-00019345-00019905 Godwin 1756 to 1836 and of the Marquess
+sh2d9necluY-00066-00019906-00020534 de condorcet 1743 to 1794 Malthus
+sh2d9necluY-00067-00020535-00020834 regarded ideals of future improvement in
+sh2d9necluY-00068-00020835-00021078 the lot of humanity with skepticism
+sh2d9necluY-00069-00021079-00021303 considering that throughout history a
+sh2d9necluY-00070-00021304-00021600 segment of every human population seemed
+sh2d9necluY-00071-00021601-00021968 relegated to poverty he explained this
+sh2d9necluY-00072-00021969-00022220 phenomenon by arguing that population
+sh2d9necluY-00073-00022221-00022511 growth generally expanded in times and
+sh2d9necluY-00074-00022512-00022769 in regions of Plenty until the size of
+sh2d9necluY-00075-00022770-00022992 the population relative to the primary
+sh2d9necluY-00076-00022993-00023414 resources caused distress yet in all
+sh2d9necluY-00077-00023415-00023699 societies even those that are most
+sh2d9necluY-00078-00023700-00024005 vicious the tendency to a virtuous
+sh2d9necluY-00079-00024006-00024414 attachment ie marriage is so strong that
+sh2d9necluY-00080-00024415-00024665 there is a constant effort towards an
+sh2d9necluY-00081-00024666-00025055 increase of population this constant
+sh2d9necluY-00082-00025056-00025340 effort has constantly tends to subject
+sh2d9necluY-00083-00025341-00025571 the lower classes of the society to
+sh2d9necluY-00084-00025572-00025820 distress and to prevent any great
+sh2d9necluY-00085-00025822-00026049 permanent amelioration of their
+sh2d9necluY-00086-00026050-00026543 condition the way in which these effects
+sh2d9necluY-00087-00026544-00026880 are produced seems to be this we will
+sh2d9necluY-00088-00026881-00027137 suppose the means of subsistence in any
+sh2d9necluY-00089-00027138-00027417 country just equal to the easy support
+sh2d9necluY-00090-00027418-00027786 of its inhabitants the constant effort
+sh2d9necluY-00091-00027787-00028110 towards population
+sh2d9necluY-00092-00028111-00028350 increases the number of people before
+sh2d9necluY-00093-00028351-00028628 the means of subsistence are increased
+sh2d9necluY-00094-00028629-00028902 the food therefore which before
+sh2d9necluY-00095-00028903-00029163 supported seven millions must now be
+sh2d9necluY-00096-00029164-00029418 divided among seven millions and a half
+sh2d9necluY-00097-00029419-00029785 or eight Millions the poor consequently
+sh2d9necluY-00098-00029786-00030066 must live much worse and many of them be
+sh2d9necluY-00099-00030067-00030426 reduced to severe distress the number of
+sh2d9necluY-00100-00030427-00030615 labourers also being above the
+sh2d9necluY-00101-00030616-00030879 proportion of the work in the market the
+sh2d9necluY-00102-00030880-00031095 price of labour must tend toward a
+sh2d9necluY-00103-00031096-00031335 decrease while the price of provisions
+sh2d9necluY-00104-00031336-00031689 would at the same time tend to rise the
+sh2d9necluY-00105-00031690-00031926 labourer therefore must work harder to
+sh2d9necluY-00106-00031927-00032256 earn the same as he did before during
+sh2d9necluY-00107-00032257-00032451 this season of distress the
+sh2d9necluY-00108-00032452-00032661 discouragement to marriage and the
+sh2d9necluY-00109-00032662-00032886 difficulty of rearing a family are so
+sh2d9necluY-00110-00032887-00033174 great that population is at a stand in
+sh2d9necluY-00111-00033175-00033519 the meantime the cheapness of labour the
+sh2d9necluY-00112-00033520-00033774 plenty of laborers and the necessity of
+sh2d9necluY-00113-00033775-00033978 an increased industry amongst them
+sh2d9necluY-00114-00033979-00034242 encourage cultivators to employ more
+sh2d9necluY-00115-00034243-00034510 labour upon their land to turn up fresh
+sh2d9necluY-00116-00034511-00034755 soil and to manure and improve more
+sh2d9necluY-00117-00034756-00034983 completely what is already in tillage
+sh2d9necluY-00118-00034984-00035189 till ultimately the means of subsistence
+sh2d9necluY-00119-00035190-00035451 become in the same proportion to the
+sh2d9necluY-00120-00035452-00035676 population as at the period from which
+sh2d9necluY-00121-00035677-00036057 we set out the situation of the laborer
+sh2d9necluY-00122-00036058-00036257 being then again tolerably comfortable
+sh2d9necluY-00123-00036258-00036588 the restraints to population are in some
+sh2d9necluY-00124-00036589-00036843 degree loosened and the same retrograde
+sh2d9necluY-00125-00036844-00037080 and progressive movements with respect
+sh2d9necluY-00126-00037081-00037491 to happiness are repeated Malthus also
+sh2d9necluY-00127-00037492-00037746 saw that societies through history had
+sh2d9necluY-00128-00037747-00037958 experienced at one time or another
+sh2d9necluY-00129-00037959-00038322 epidemics famines or Wars events that
+sh2d9necluY-00130-00038323-00038514 masked the fundamental problem of
+sh2d9necluY-00131-00038515-00038727 populations over stretching their
+sh2d9necluY-00132-00038728-00038977 resource limitations
+sh2d9necluY-00133-00038978-00039259 the power of population is so superior
+sh2d9necluY-00134-00039260-00039475 to the power of the earth to produce
+sh2d9necluY-00135-00039476-00039760 subsistence for man that premature death
+sh2d9necluY-00136-00039761-00040006 must in some shape or other visit the
+sh2d9necluY-00137-00040007-00040390 human race the vices of mankind are
+sh2d9necluY-00138-00040391-00040555 active and able ministers of
+sh2d9necluY-00139-00040556-00040879 depopulation they are the precursors in
+sh2d9necluY-00140-00040880-00041134 the great army of destruction and often
+sh2d9necluY-00141-00041135-00041491 finish the dreadful work themselves but
+sh2d9necluY-00142-00041492-00041647 should they fail in this war of
+sh2d9necluY-00143-00041648-00042016 extermination sickly seasons epidemics
+sh2d9necluY-00144-00042017-00042283 pestilence and plague advance in
+sh2d9necluY-00145-00042284-00042496 terrific array and sweep off their
+sh2d9necluY-00146-00042497-00042847 thousands and tens of thousands should
+sh2d9necluY-00147-00042848-00043078 success be still incomplete
+sh2d9necluY-00148-00043079-00043363 gigantic inevitable famine stalks in the
+sh2d9necluY-00149-00043364-00043630 rear and with one mighty blow levels the
+sh2d9necluY-00150-00043631-00043968 population with the food of the world
+sh2d9necluY-00151-00043969-00044254 the rapid increase in the global
+sh2d9necluY-00152-00044255-00044472 population of the past century
+sh2d9necluY-00153-00044473-00044731 exemplifies malthus's predicted
+sh2d9necluY-00154-00044732-00045040 population patterns it also appears to
+sh2d9necluY-00155-00045041-00045340 describe socio demographic dynamics of
+sh2d9necluY-00156-00045341-00045742 complex pre-industrial societies these
+sh2d9necluY-00157-00045743-00045969 findings are the basis for neo
+sh2d9necluY-00158-00045970-00046270 Malthusian modern mathematical models of
+sh2d9necluY-00159-00046271-00046567 long term historical dynamics Malthus
+sh2d9necluY-00160-00046568-00046810 made the specific prediction that world
+sh2d9necluY-00161-00046811-00047071 population would fall below a line going
+sh2d9necluY-00162-00047072-00047293 upward from its then current population
+sh2d9necluY-00163-00047294-00047640 of 1 billion adding 1 billion every 25
+sh2d9necluY-00164-00047641-00047972 years he wrote
+sh2d9necluY-00165-00047973-00048209 if the subsistence for man that the
+sh2d9necluY-00166-00048210-00048431 earth affords was to be increased every
+sh2d9necluY-00167-00048432-00048776 25 years by a quantity equal to what the
+sh2d9necluY-00168-00048777-00049025 whole world at present produces this
+sh2d9necluY-00169-00049026-00049238 would allow the power of production in
+sh2d9necluY-00170-00049239-00049502 the earth to be absolutely unlimited and
+sh2d9necluY-00171-00049503-00049772 its ratio of increase much greater than
+sh2d9necluY-00172-00049773-00049945 we can conceive that any possible
+sh2d9necluY-00173-00049946-00050351 exertions of mankind could make it
+sh2d9necluY-00174-00050352-00050645 less than pre greater than slash pre
+sh2d9necluY-00175-00050646-00050974 greater than dot yet still the power of
+sh2d9necluY-00176-00050975-00051226 population being a power of a superior
+sh2d9necluY-00177-00051227-00051488 order the increase of the human species
+sh2d9necluY-00178-00051489-00051730 can only be kept commensurate to the
+sh2d9necluY-00179-00051732-00051970 increase of the means of subsistence by
+sh2d9necluY-00180-00051971-00052211 the constant operation of the strong law
+sh2d9necluY-00181-00052212-00052457 of necessity acting as a check upon the
+sh2d9necluY-00182-00052458-00052891 greater power to date world population
+sh2d9necluY-00183-00052892-00053142 has remained below his predicted line
+sh2d9necluY-00184-00053144-00053438 however the current rate of increase
+sh2d9necluY-00185-00053439-00053842 since 1955 is over 2 billion per 25
+sh2d9necluY-00186-00053844-00054074 years more than twice the Malthus
+sh2d9necluY-00187-00054075-00054454 predicted maximum rate at the same time
+sh2d9necluY-00188-00054455-00054785 world hunger has been in decline the
+sh2d9necluY-00189-00054786-00055103 highest UN projection has population
+sh2d9necluY-00190-00055104-00055349 continuing at this rate and surpassing
+sh2d9necluY-00191-00055350-00055676 the Malthus predicted line this high
+sh2d9necluY-00192-00055677-00055969 projection supposes today's growth rate
+sh2d9necluY-00193-00055970-00056312 is sustainable to the year 2100 and
+sh2d9necluY-00194-00056313-00056884 beyond
+sh2d9necluY-00195-00056885-00057551 topic proposed solutions
+sh2d9necluY-00196-00057552-00057857 Malthus argued that two types of checks
+sh2d9necluY-00197-00057858-00058139 hold population within resource limits
+sh2d9necluY-00198-00058140-00058405 positive checks which raise the death
+sh2d9necluY-00199-00058407-00058691 rate and preventive ones which lower the
+sh2d9necluY-00200-00058691-00059051 birthrate the positive checks include
+sh2d9necluY-00201-00059052-00059339 hunger disease and war the preventive
+sh2d9necluY-00202-00059340-00059629 checks birth control postponement of
+sh2d9necluY-00203-00059630-00059957 marriage and celibacy regarding
+sh2d9necluY-00204-00059958-00060205 possibilities for freeing man from these
+sh2d9necluY-00205-00060207-00060485 limits Malthus argued against a variety
+sh2d9necluY-00206-00060486-00060971 of imaginable solutions for example he
+sh2d9necluY-00207-00060972-00061213 satirically criticized the notion that
+sh2d9necluY-00208-00061214-00061475 agricultural improvements could expand
+sh2d9necluY-00209-00061476-00061605 without limit
+sh2d9necluY-00210-00061607-00061997 if the progress were really unlimited it
+sh2d9necluY-00211-00061998-00062305 might be increased ad infinitum but this
+sh2d9necluY-00212-00062307-00062582 is so gross an absurdity that we may be
+sh2d9necluY-00213-00062583-00062891 quite sure that among plants as well as
+sh2d9necluY-00214-00062891-00063136 among animals there is a limit to
+sh2d9necluY-00215-00063137-00063398 improvement though we do not exactly
+sh2d9necluY-00216-00063399-00063803 know where it is it is probable that the
+sh2d9necluY-00217-00063804-00064115 gardeners who contend for flower prizes
+sh2d9necluY-00218-00064116-00064364 have often applied stronger dressing
+sh2d9necluY-00219-00064365-00064772 without success at the same time it
+sh2d9necluY-00220-00064773-00065036 would be highly presumptuous in any man
+sh2d9necluY-00221-00065037-00065309 to say that he had seen the finest
+sh2d9necluY-00222-00065310-00065558 carnation or anemone that could ever be
+sh2d9necluY-00223-00065559-00065936 made to grow he might however assert
+sh2d9necluY-00224-00065937-00066179 without the smallest chance of being
+sh2d9necluY-00225-00066180-00066497 contradicted by a future fact that no
+sh2d9necluY-00226-00066498-00066749 carnation or anemone could ever by
+sh2d9necluY-00227-00066750-00067034 cultivation be increased to the size of
+sh2d9necluY-00228-00067035-00067250 a large cabbage and yet there are
+sh2d9necluY-00229-00067251-00067550 assignable quantities much greater than
+sh2d9necluY-00230-00067551-00067952 a cabbage no man can say that he has
+sh2d9necluY-00231-00067953-00068228 seen the largest ear of wheat or the
+sh2d9necluY-00232-00068229-00068513 largest oak that could ever grow but he
+sh2d9necluY-00233-00068514-00068804 might easily and with perfect certainty
+sh2d9necluY-00234-00068805-00069143 name a point of magnitude at which they
+sh2d9necluY-00235-00069144-00069473 would not arrive in all these cases
+sh2d9necluY-00236-00069474-00069788 therefore a careful distinction should
+sh2d9necluY-00237-00069789-00070061 be made between an unlimited progress
+sh2d9necluY-00238-00070062-00070337 and a progress where the limit is merely
+sh2d9necluY-00239-00070338-00070634 undefined
+sh2d9necluY-00240-00070635-00070880 he also commented on the notion that
+sh2d9necluY-00241-00070881-00071336 Francis Galton later called eugenics it
+sh2d9necluY-00242-00071337-00071602 does not
+sh2d9necluY-00243-00071603-00071923 by any means seemed impossible that by
+sh2d9necluY-00244-00071924-00072199 an attention to breed a certain degree
+sh2d9necluY-00245-00072200-00072463 of improvement similar to that among
+sh2d9necluY-00246-00072464-00072786 animals might take place among men
+sh2d9necluY-00247-00072787-00073105 whether intellect could be communicated
+sh2d9necluY-00248-00073106-00073396 may be a matter of doubt but size
+sh2d9necluY-00249-00073397-00073815 strength Beauty complexion and perhaps
+sh2d9necluY-00250-00073816-00074284 longevity are in a degree transmissible
+sh2d9necluY-00251-00074285-00074665 as the human race however could not be
+sh2d9necluY-00252-00074666-00074905 improved in this way without condemning
+sh2d9necluY-00253-00074906-00075241 all the bad specimens to celibacy it is
+sh2d9necluY-00254-00075242-00075496 not probable that an attention to breed
+sh2d9necluY-00255-00075497-00075981 should ever become general in the second
+sh2d9necluY-00256-00075982-00076279 and subsequent editions Malthus put more
+sh2d9necluY-00257-00076280-00076654 emphasis on moral restraint by that he
+sh2d9necluY-00258-00076655-00076893 meant the postponement of marriage until
+sh2d9necluY-00259-00076894-00077104 people could support a family
+sh2d9necluY-00260-00077105-00077374 coupled with strict celibacy sexual
+sh2d9necluY-00261-00077375-00077704 abstinence until that time he went so
+sh2d9necluY-00262-00077705-00077994 far as to claim that moral restraint on
+sh2d9necluY-00263-00077995-00078367 a wide scale was the best means indeed
+sh2d9necluY-00264-00078368-00078718 the only means of easing the poverty of
+sh2d9necluY-00265-00078719-00079107 the lower classes this plan appeared
+sh2d9necluY-00266-00079108-00079429 consistent with virtue economic gain and
+sh2d9necluY-00267-00079430-00079569 social improvement
+sh2d9necluY-00268-00079570-00079755 Malthus emphasizes the difference
+sh2d9necluY-00269-00079756-00080053 between government supported welfare and
+sh2d9necluY-00270-00080054-00080430 public charity he proposed the gradual
+sh2d9necluY-00271-00080431-00080688 abolition of poor laws by gradually
+sh2d9necluY-00272-00080689-00080880 reducing the number of persons
+sh2d9necluY-00273-00080881-00081247 qualifying for relief relief in dire
+sh2d9necluY-00274-00081248-00081523 distress would come from private charity
+sh2d9necluY-00275-00081524-00081811 he reasoned that poor relief acted
+sh2d9necluY-00276-00081812-00082036 against the longer-term interests of the
+sh2d9necluY-00277-00082037-00082237 poor by raising the price of commodities
+sh2d9necluY-00278-00082238-00082518 and undermining the independence and
+sh2d9necluY-00279-00082519-00082849 resilience of the peasant in other words
+sh2d9necluY-00280-00082850-00083212 the Poor Laws tended to create the poor
+sh2d9necluY-00281-00083213-00083530 which they maintained it offended
+sh2d9necluY-00282-00083531-00083793 Malthus that critics claimed he lacked a
+sh2d9necluY-00283-00083794-00084063 caring attitude toward the situation of
+sh2d9necluY-00284-00084064-00084523 the poor in the 1798 edition his concern
+sh2d9necluY-00285-00084524-00084787 for the poor shows in passages such as
+sh2d9necluY-00286-00084788-00084932 the following
+sh2d9necluY-00287-00084933-00085192 nothing is so common as to hear of
+sh2d9necluY-00288-00085193-00085423 encouragement that ought to be given to
+sh2d9necluY-00289-00085424-00085828 population if the tendency of mankind to
+sh2d9necluY-00290-00085829-00086023 increase be so great as I have
+sh2d9necluY-00291-00086024-00086260 represented it to be it may appear
+sh2d9necluY-00292-00086261-00086505 strange that this increase does not come
+sh2d9necluY-00293-00086506-00086766 when it is thus repeatedly called for
+sh2d9necluY-00294-00086767-00087097 the true reason is that the demand for a
+sh2d9necluY-00295-00087098-00087318 greater population is made without
+sh2d9necluY-00296-00087319-00087586 preparing the funds necessary to support
+sh2d9necluY-00297-00087587-00087671 it
+sh2d9necluY-00298-00087672-00087888 increase the demand for agricultural
+sh2d9necluY-00299-00087889-00088251 labor by promoting cultivation and with
+sh2d9necluY-00300-00088252-00088485 it consequently increase the produce of
+sh2d9necluY-00301-00088486-00088737 the country and ameliorate the condition
+sh2d9necluY-00302-00088738-00088965 of the laborer and no apprehensions
+sh2d9necluY-00303-00088966-00089169 whatever need be entertained of the
+sh2d9necluY-00304-00089170-00089456 proportional increase of population an
+sh2d9necluY-00305-00089457-00089745 attempt to affect this purpose in any
+sh2d9necluY-00306-00089746-00089976 other way is vicious cruel and
+sh2d9necluY-00307-00089977-00090255 tyrannical and in any state of tolerable
+sh2d9necluY-00308-00090256-00090645 freedom cannot therefore succeed in an
+sh2d9necluY-00309-00090646-00091049 addition to the 1817 addition he wrote I
+sh2d9necluY-00310-00091050-00091356 have written a chapter expressly on the
+sh2d9necluY-00311-00091357-00091599 practical direction of our charity and
+sh2d9necluY-00312-00091600-00091866 in detached passages elsewhere have paid
+sh2d9necluY-00313-00091867-00092127 a just tribute to the exalted virtue of
+sh2d9necluY-00314-00092128-00092457 benevolence to those who have read these
+sh2d9necluY-00315-00092458-00092712 parts of my work and have attended to
+sh2d9necluY-00316-00092713-00092943 the general tone and spirit of the whole
+sh2d9necluY-00317-00092944-00093177 I willingly appeal if they are but
+sh2d9necluY-00318-00093178-00093620 tolerably candid against these charges
+sh2d9necluY-00319-00093621-00093866 which intimate that I would root out the
+sh2d9necluY-00320-00093867-00094025 virtues of charity and benevolence
+sh2d9necluY-00321-00094026-00094325 without regard to the exaltation which
+sh2d9necluY-00322-00094326-00094544 they bestow on the moral dignity of our
+sh2d9necluY-00323-00094545-00094742 nature
+sh2d9necluY-00324-00094743-00095117 some such as William Farr
+sh2d9necluY-00325-00095118-00095432 and Karl Marx argued that Malthus did
+sh2d9necluY-00326-00095433-00095702 not fully recognize the human capacity
+sh2d9necluY-00327-00095703-00096104 to increase food supply on this subject
+sh2d9necluY-00328-00096105-00096374 however Malthus had written the main
+sh2d9necluY-00329-00096375-00096647 peculiarity which distinguishes man from
+sh2d9necluY-00330-00096648-00096863 other animals in the means of his
+sh2d9necluY-00331-00096864-00097139 support is the power which he possesses
+sh2d9necluY-00332-00097140-00097916 of very greatly increasing these means
+sh2d9necluY-00333-00097917-00098487 topic on religion
+sh2d9necluY-00334-00098488-00098802 as a Christian and a clergyman Malthus
+sh2d9necluY-00335-00098803-00098973 addressed the question of how an
+sh2d9necluY-00336-00098974-00099210 omnipotent and caring God could permit
+sh2d9necluY-00337-00099211-00099531 suffering in the first edition of his
+sh2d9necluY-00338-00099532-00099906 essay 1798 Malthus reasoned that the
+sh2d9necluY-00339-00099907-00100089 constant threat of poverty and
+sh2d9necluY-00340-00100090-00100332 starvation served to teach the virtues
+sh2d9necluY-00341-00100333-00100661 of hard work and virtuous behavior had
+sh2d9necluY-00342-00100662-00100935 population and food increased in the
+sh2d9necluY-00343-00100936-00101265 same ratio it is probable that man might
+sh2d9necluY-00344-00101266-00101606 never have emerged from the savage state
+sh2d9necluY-00345-00101607-00102039 he wrote adding further evil exists in
+sh2d9necluY-00346-00102040-00102306 the world not to create despair but
+sh2d9necluY-00347-00102307-00102601 activity
+sh2d9necluY-00348-00102602-00102832 nevertheless although the threat of
+sh2d9necluY-00349-00102833-00103066 poverty could be understood to be a prod
+sh2d9necluY-00350-00103067-00103339 to motivate human industry it was not
+sh2d9necluY-00351-00103340-00103590 God's will that man should suffer
+sh2d9necluY-00352-00103591-00103897 Malthus wrote that mankind itself was
+sh2d9necluY-00353-00103898-00104143 solely to blame for human suffering
+sh2d9necluY-00354-00104144-00104350 I believe that it is the intention of
+sh2d9necluY-00355-00104351-00104530 the Creator that the earth should be
+sh2d9necluY-00356-00104531-00104800 replenished but certainly with a healthy
+sh2d9necluY-00357-00104801-00105103 virtuous and happy population not an
+sh2d9necluY-00358-00105104-00105393 unhealthy vicious and miserable one and
+sh2d9necluY-00359-00105394-00105700 if in endeavouring to obey the command
+sh2d9necluY-00360-00105701-00105976 to increase and multiply we people it
+sh2d9necluY-00361-00105977-00106153 only with beings of this latter
+sh2d9necluY-00362-00106154-00106414 description and suffer accordingly we
+sh2d9necluY-00363-00106415-00106645 have no right to impeach the justice of
+sh2d9necluY-00364-00106646-00106884 the command but our irrational mode of
+sh2d9necluY-00365-00106885-00107163 executing it
+sh2d9necluY-00366-00107164-00107508 you
+sh2d9necluY-00367-00107509-00108348 topic demographics wages and inflation
+sh2d9necluY-00368-00108349-00108615 Malthus wrote of the relationship
+sh2d9necluY-00369-00108616-00108903 between population real wages and
+sh2d9necluY-00370-00108904-00109236 inflation when the population of
+sh2d9necluY-00371-00109237-00109432 laborers grows faster than the
+sh2d9necluY-00372-00109433-00109696 production of food real wages fall
+sh2d9necluY-00373-00109697-00109945 because the growing population causes
+sh2d9necluY-00374-00109946-00110224 the cost of living ie the cost of food
+sh2d9necluY-00375-00110225-00110574 to go up difficulties of raising a
+sh2d9necluY-00376-00110575-00110806 family eventually reduced the rate of
+sh2d9necluY-00377-00110807-00111073 population growth until the falling
+sh2d9necluY-00378-00111074-00111319 population again leads to higher real
+sh2d9necluY-00379-00111320-00111753 wages a circumstance which has perhaps
+sh2d9necluY-00380-00111754-00112045 more than any other contributed to
+sh2d9necluY-00381-00112046-00112273 conceal this oscillation from common
+sh2d9necluY-00382-00112274-00112485 view is the difference between the
+sh2d9necluY-00383-00112486-00112836 nominal and real price of labour it very
+sh2d9necluY-00384-00112837-00113085 rarely happens that the nominal price of
+sh2d9necluY-00385-00113086-00113349 labour universally Falls but we well
+sh2d9necluY-00386-00113350-00113586 know that it frequently remains the same
+sh2d9necluY-00387-00113587-00113826 while the nominal price of provisions
+sh2d9necluY-00388-00113827-00114196 has been gradually rising this indeed
+sh2d9necluY-00389-00114197-00114435 will generally be the case if the
+sh2d9necluY-00390-00114436-00114697 increase of manufactures and commerce be
+sh2d9necluY-00391-00114698-00114922 sufficient to employ the new laborers
+sh2d9necluY-00392-00114923-00115149 that are thrown into the market and to
+sh2d9necluY-00393-00115150-00115345 prevent the increased supply from
+sh2d9necluY-00394-00115346-00115635 lowering the money price but an
+sh2d9necluY-00395-00115636-00115887 increased number of laborers receiving
+sh2d9necluY-00396-00115888-00116082 the same money wages will necessarily
+sh2d9necluY-00397-00116083-00116407 buy their competition increase the money
+sh2d9necluY-00398-00116408-00116811 price of corn this is in fact a real
+sh2d9necluY-00399-00116812-00117090 fall in the price of labour and during
+sh2d9necluY-00400-00117091-00117319 this period the condition of the lower
+sh2d9necluY-00401-00117320-00117528 classes of the community must be
+sh2d9necluY-00402-00117529-00117871 gradually growing worse but the farmers
+sh2d9necluY-00403-00117872-00118108 and capitalists are growing rich from
+sh2d9necluY-00404-00118108-00118396 the real cheapness of labour they're
+sh2d9necluY-00405-00118397-00118626 increasing capital's enable them to
+sh2d9necluY-00406-00118627-00118890 employ a greater number of men and as
+sh2d9necluY-00407-00118891-00119146 the population had probably suffered
+sh2d9necluY-00408-00119147-00119361 some check from the greater difficulty
+sh2d9necluY-00409-00119362-00119608 of supporting a family the demand for
+sh2d9necluY-00410-00119608-00119874 labour after a certain period would be
+sh2d9necluY-00411-00119875-00120135 great in proportion to the supply and
+sh2d9necluY-00412-00120136-00120402 it's price would of course rise if left
+sh2d9necluY-00413-00120403-00120660 to find its natural level and thus the
+sh2d9necluY-00414-00120661-00120900 wages of Labor and consequently the
+sh2d9necluY-00415-00120901-00121072 condition of the lower classes of
+sh2d9necluY-00416-00121073-00121326 society might have progressive and
+sh2d9necluY-00417-00121327-00121584 retrograde movements though the price of
+sh2d9necluY-00418-00121585-00121720 labour might never know
+sh2d9necluY-00419-00121721-00122131 fall in later editions of his essay
+sh2d9necluY-00420-00122132-00122398 Malthus clarified his view that if
+sh2d9necluY-00421-00122399-00122698 society relied on human misery to limit
+sh2d9necluY-00422-00122699-00122983 population growth then sources of misery
+sh2d9necluY-00423-00122983-00123363 eg hunger disease and war termed by
+sh2d9necluY-00424-00123364-00123752 Malthus positive checks on population
+sh2d9necluY-00425-00123753-00124086 would inevitably afflict society as
+sh2d9necluY-00426-00124088-00124440 would volatile economic cycles on the
+sh2d9necluY-00427-00124441-00124803 other hand preventive checks to
+sh2d9necluY-00428-00124804-00125122 population that limited birth rates such
+sh2d9necluY-00429-00125123-00125374 as later marriages could ensure a higher
+sh2d9necluY-00430-00125375-00125604 standard of living for all while also
+sh2d9necluY-00431-00125605-00126360 increasing economic stability
+sh2d9necluY-00432-00126361-00127103 topic additions and versions
+sh2d9necluY-00433-00127104-00127413 1798 an essay on the principle of
+sh2d9necluY-00434-00127414-00127650 population as it affects the future
+sh2d9necluY-00435-00127651-00127941 improvement of society with remarks on
+sh2d9necluY-00436-00127942-00128183 the speculations of mr. Godwin M
+sh2d9necluY-00437-00128184-00128598 Condorcet and other writers anonymously
+sh2d9necluY-00438-00128599-00129144 published 1803 second and much enlarged
+sh2d9necluY-00439-00129145-00129378 edition an essay on the principle of
+sh2d9necluY-00440-00129379-00129666 population or a view of its past and
+sh2d9necluY-00441-00129667-00129935 present effects on human happiness with
+sh2d9necluY-00442-00129936-00130224 an inquiry into our prospects respecting
+sh2d9necluY-00443-00130225-00130446 the future removal or mitigation of the
+sh2d9necluY-00444-00130447-00130806 evils which it occasions authorship
+sh2d9necluY-00445-00130807-00131619 acknowledged 1806 1807 1817 and 1826
+sh2d9necluY-00446-00131620-00131910 additions three to six with relatively
+sh2d9necluY-00447-00131911-00132335 minor changes from the second edition
+sh2d9necluY-00448-00132336-00132696 1823 Malthus contributed the article on
+sh2d9necluY-00449-00132697-00132912 population to the supplement of the
+sh2d9necluY-00450-00132913-00133203 Encyclopedia Britannica
+sh2d9necluY-00451-00133204-00133561 18:30 Malthus had a long extract from
+sh2d9necluY-00452-00133562-00133922 the 1823 article reprinted as a summary
+sh2d9necluY-00453-00133923-00134690 view of the principle of population
+sh2d9necluY-00454-00134691-00135312 topic first edition
+sh2d9necluY-00455-00135313-00135594 the full title of the first edition of
+sh2d9necluY-00456-00135595-00135897 Malthus essay was an essay on the
+sh2d9necluY-00457-00135898-00136194 principle of population as it affects
+sh2d9necluY-00458-00136195-00136488 the future improvement of society with
+sh2d9necluY-00459-00136489-00136776 remarks on the speculations of mr.
+sh2d9necluY-00460-00136777-00137265 Godwin M Condorcet and other writers the
+sh2d9necluY-00461-00137266-00137502 speculations and other writers are
+sh2d9necluY-00462-00137503-00137877 explained below William Godwin had
+sh2d9necluY-00463-00137878-00138132 published his utopian work inquiry
+sh2d9necluY-00464-00138133-00138501 concerning political justice in 1793
+sh2d9necluY-00465-00138502-00139090 with later additions in 1796 and 1798
+sh2d9necluY-00466-00139091-00139579 also of avarice and profusion 1797
+sh2d9necluY-00467-00139580-00139902 Malthus remarks on Godwin's work spans
+sh2d9necluY-00468-00139903-00140247 chapters 10 through 15 inclusive out of
+sh2d9necluY-00469-00140248-00140365 19
+sh2d9necluY-00470-00140366-00140852 Godwin responded with of population 1820
+sh2d9necluY-00471-00140853-00141201 the Marquess de condorcet had published
+sh2d9necluY-00472-00141202-00141450 his utopian vision of social progress
+sh2d9necluY-00473-00141451-00141684 and the perfectibility of man s
+sh2d9necluY-00474-00141685-00141996 Christian tableau historic DES progress
+sh2d9necluY-00475-00141997-00142229 Dolores spirit humane the future
+sh2d9necluY-00476-00142230-00142646 progress of the human mind in 1794
+sh2d9necluY-00477-00142647-00142947 Malthus remarks on condor sets work
+sh2d9necluY-00478-00142948-00143264 spans chapters 8 & 9
+sh2d9necluY-00479-00143265-00143559 Malthus essay was in response to these
+sh2d9necluY-00480-00143560-00143976 utopian visions as he argued this
+sh2d9necluY-00481-00143977-00144249 natural inequality of the two powers of
+sh2d9necluY-00482-00144250-00144503 population and of production of the
+sh2d9necluY-00483-00144504-00144716 earth and that great law of our nature
+sh2d9necluY-00484-00144717-00144984 which must constantly keep their effects
+sh2d9necluY-00485-00144985-00145233 equal form the great difficulty that
+sh2d9necluY-00486-00145234-00145434 appears to me insurmountable in the
+sh2d9necluY-00487-00145435-00145739 weight of the perfectibility of society
+sh2d9necluY-00488-00145740-00146175 the other writers included Robert
+sh2d9necluY-00489-00146176-00146504 Wallace Adam Smith Richard Price and
+sh2d9necluY-00490-00146505-00147077 David Hume Malthus himself claimed the
+sh2d9necluY-00491-00147078-00147324 only authors from whose writings I had
+sh2d9necluY-00492-00147325-00147549 deduced the principle which formed the
+sh2d9necluY-00493-00147550-00147807 main argument of the essay were Hume
+sh2d9necluY-00494-00147808-00148291 Wallace Adam Smith and dr. price
+sh2d9necluY-00495-00148292-00148649 chapters 1 & 2 outline Malthus principle
+sh2d9necluY-00496-00148650-00148916 of population and the unequal nature of
+sh2d9necluY-00497-00148917-00149273 food supply to population growth the
+sh2d9necluY-00498-00149274-00149561 exponential nature of population growth
+sh2d9necluY-00499-00149562-00149831 is today known as the Malthusian growth
+sh2d9necluY-00500-00149832-00150218 model this aspect of Malthus principle
+sh2d9necluY-00501-00150219-00150431 of population together with his
+sh2d9necluY-00502-00150432-00150692 assertion that food supply was subject
+sh2d9necluY-00503-00150693-00150914 to a linear growth model would remain
+sh2d9necluY-00504-00150915-00151163 unchanged in future editions of his
+sh2d9necluY-00505-00151164-00151514 essay note that Malthus actually used
+sh2d9necluY-00506-00151515-00151771 the terms geometric and arithmetic
+sh2d9necluY-00507-00151772-00151972 respectively
+sh2d9necluY-00508-00151973-00152270 chapter 3 examines the overrun of the
+sh2d9necluY-00509-00152271-00152564 Roman Empire by barbarians due to
+sh2d9necluY-00510-00152565-00152921 population pressure war as a check on
+sh2d9necluY-00511-00152922-00153332 population is examined chapter 4
+sh2d9necluY-00512-00153333-00153578 examines the current state of populous
+sh2d9necluY-00513-00153579-00153839 nosov civilized nations particularly
+sh2d9necluY-00514-00153840-00153979 Europe
+sh2d9necluY-00515-00153980-00154315 Malthus criticizes David Hume for a
+sh2d9necluY-00516-00154316-00154772 probable error in his criteria that he
+sh2d9necluY-00517-00154773-00155051 proposes as assisting in an estimate of
+sh2d9necluY-00518-00155052-00155534 population chapter 5 examines the Poor
+sh2d9necluY-00519-00155535-00155915 Laws of Pitt the Younger chapter 6
+sh2d9necluY-00520-00155916-00156140 examines the rapid growth of new
+sh2d9necluY-00521-00156141-00156374 colonies such as the former thirteen
+sh2d9necluY-00522-00156375-00156763 colonies of the United States of America
+sh2d9necluY-00523-00156764-00157069 chapter 7 examined checks on population
+sh2d9necluY-00524-00157070-00157544 such as pestilence and famine chapter 8
+sh2d9necluY-00525-00157545-00157931 also examines a probable error by
+sh2d9necluY-00526-00157932-00158287 Wallace that the difficulty arising from
+sh2d9necluY-00527-00158288-00158695 population is at a great distance
+sh2d9necluY-00528-00158696-00159080 chapters 16 and 17 examined the causes
+sh2d9necluY-00529-00159081-00159283 of the wealth of states including
+sh2d9necluY-00530-00159284-00159551 criticisms of Adam Smith and Richard
+sh2d9necluY-00531-00159552-00159905 price English wealth is compared with
+sh2d9necluY-00532-00159906-00160322 Chinese poverty chapters eighteen and
+sh2d9necluY-00533-00160323-00160625 nineteen set out Athea dicey to explain
+sh2d9necluY-00534-00160626-00160886 the problem of evil in terms of natural
+sh2d9necluY-00535-00160887-00161243 theology this views the world as a
+sh2d9necluY-00536-00161244-00161654 mighty processed for awakening matter
+sh2d9necluY-00537-00161655-00161902 in which the Supreme Being acting
+sh2d9necluY-00538-00161903-00162392 according to general laws created wants
+sh2d9necluY-00539-00162393-00162790 of the body as necessary to create
+sh2d9necluY-00540-00162791-00163196 exertion which forms the reasoning
+sh2d9necluY-00541-00163197-00163574 faculty in this way the principle of
+sh2d9necluY-00542-00163575-00163898 population would tend rather to promote
+sh2d9necluY-00543-00163899-00164138 than impede the general purpose of
+sh2d9necluY-00544-00164139-00164642 Providence the first addition influenced
+sh2d9necluY-00545-00164643-00164894 writers of natural theology such as
+sh2d9necluY-00546-00164895-00165666 William Paley and Thomas Chalmers
+sh2d9necluY-00547-00165667-00166402 topic 2nd to 6th editions
+sh2d9necluY-00548-00166403-00166690 following both widespread praise and
+sh2d9necluY-00549-00166691-00166972 criticism of his essay Malthus revised
+sh2d9necluY-00550-00166973-00167203 his arguments and recognized other
+sh2d9necluY-00551-00167204-00167424 influences
+sh2d9necluY-00552-00167425-00167666 in the course of this inquiry I found
+sh2d9necluY-00553-00167667-00167883 that much more had been done than I had
+sh2d9necluY-00554-00167884-00168116 been aware of when I first published the
+sh2d9necluY-00555-00168117-00168462 essay the poverty and misery arising
+sh2d9necluY-00556-00168463-00168660 from a too rapid increase of population
+sh2d9necluY-00557-00168661-00168977 had been distinctly seen and the most
+sh2d9necluY-00558-00168978-00169289 violent remedies proposed so long ago as
+sh2d9necluY-00559-00169290-00169644 the times of Plato and Aristotle and of
+sh2d9necluY-00560-00169645-00169920 late years the subject has been treated
+sh2d9necluY-00561-00169921-00170127 in such a manner by some of the French
+sh2d9necluY-00562-00170128-00170414 economists occasionally by Montesquieu
+sh2d9necluY-00563-00170415-00170714 and among our own writers by dr.
+sh2d9necluY-00564-00170715-00171036 Franklin Sir James Stewart mr. Arthur
+sh2d9necluY-00565-00171037-00171318 Young and mr. Townsend as to create a
+sh2d9necluY-00566-00171319-00171609 natural surprise that it had not excited
+sh2d9necluY-00567-00171610-00171987 more of the public attention the second
+sh2d9necluY-00568-00171988-00172340 edition published in 1803 with Malthus
+sh2d9necluY-00569-00172341-00172632 now clearly identified as the author was
+sh2d9necluY-00570-00172633-00172947 entitled an essay on the principle of
+sh2d9necluY-00571-00172948-00173274 population or a view of its past and
+sh2d9necluY-00572-00173275-00173583 present effects on human happiness with
+sh2d9necluY-00573-00173584-00173907 an inquiry into our prospects respecting
+sh2d9necluY-00574-00173908-00174162 the future removal or mitigation of the
+sh2d9necluY-00575-00174163-00174551 evils which it occasions
+sh2d9necluY-00576-00174552-00174873 Malthus advised that the second edition
+sh2d9necluY-00577-00174874-00175287 may be considered as a new work and the
+sh2d9necluY-00578-00175288-00175506 subsequent editions were all minor
+sh2d9necluY-00579-00175507-00175836 revisions of the second edition these
+sh2d9necluY-00580-00175837-00176111 were published in 1806
+sh2d9necluY-00581-00176112-00176784 1807 1817 and 1826 by far the biggest
+sh2d9necluY-00582-00176785-00177053 change was in how the second to sixth
+sh2d9necluY-00583-00177054-00177290 editions of the essay was structured and
+sh2d9necluY-00584-00177291-00177522 the most copious and detailed evidence
+sh2d9necluY-00585-00177523-00177791 that Malthus presented more than any
+sh2d9necluY-00586-00177792-00178121 previous search book on population
+sh2d9necluY-00587-00178122-00178437 essentially for the first time Malthus
+sh2d9necluY-00588-00178438-00178722 examined his own principle of population
+sh2d9necluY-00589-00178723-00178977 on a region by region basis of world
+sh2d9necluY-00590-00178978-00179352 population the essay was organized in
+sh2d9necluY-00591-00179353-00179547 four books
+sh2d9necluY-00592-00179548-00179847 book one of the checks to population in
+sh2d9necluY-00593-00179848-00180053 the last civilized parts of the world
+sh2d9necluY-00594-00180054-00180507 and in past times but two of the checks
+sh2d9necluY-00595-00180508-00180759 to population in the different states of
+sh2d9necluY-00596-00180760-00181125 modern Europe book three of the
+sh2d9necluY-00597-00181126-00181371 different systems or expedience which
+sh2d9necluY-00598-00181372-00181604 have been proposed or have prevailed in
+sh2d9necluY-00599-00181605-00181887 society as they affect the evils arising
+sh2d9necluY-00600-00181888-00182331 from the principle of population book IV
+sh2d9necluY-00601-00182332-00182619 of our future prospects respecting the
+sh2d9necluY-00602-00182620-00182844 removal or mitigation of the evils
+sh2d9necluY-00603-00182845-00183056 arising from the principle of population
+sh2d9necluY-00604-00183057-00183338 due in part to the highly influential
+sh2d9necluY-00605-00183339-00183625 nature of Malthus work see main article
+sh2d9necluY-00606-00183626-00183965 Thomas Malthus this approach is regarded
+sh2d9necluY-00607-00183966-00184200 as pivotal in establishing the field of
+sh2d9necluY-00608-00184201-00184550 demography the following controversial
+sh2d9necluY-00609-00184551-00184918 quote appears in the second edition
+sh2d9necluY-00610-00184919-00185164 a man who is born into a world already
+sh2d9necluY-00611-00185165-00185461 possessed if he cannot get subsistence
+sh2d9necluY-00612-00185462-00185704 from his parents on whom he has a just
+sh2d9necluY-00613-00185705-00185986 demand and if the society do not want
+sh2d9necluY-00614-00185987-00186247 his labour has no claim of right to the
+sh2d9necluY-00615-00186248-00186571 smallest portion of food and in fact has
+sh2d9necluY-00616-00186572-00186843 no business to be where he is at
+sh2d9necluY-00617-00186844-00187174 nature's mighty feast there is no vacant
+sh2d9necluY-00618-00187175-00187471 cover for him she tells him to be gone
+sh2d9necluY-00619-00187472-00187744 and will quickly execute her own orders
+sh2d9necluY-00620-00187745-00187990 if he does not work upon the compassion
+sh2d9necluY-00621-00187991-00188326 of some of her guests if these guests
+sh2d9necluY-00622-00188327-00188530 get up and make room for him other
+sh2d9necluY-00623-00188531-00188803 intruders immediately appear demanding
+sh2d9necluY-00624-00188804-00189154 the same favor the report of a provision
+sh2d9necluY-00625-00189155-00189397 for all that come fills the hall with
+sh2d9necluY-00626-00189398-00189739 numerous claimants the order and harmony
+sh2d9necluY-00627-00189740-00190009 of the feast is disturbed the plenty
+sh2d9necluY-00628-00190010-00190204 that before reigned is changed into
+sh2d9necluY-00629-00190205-00190486 scarcity and the happiness of the guests
+sh2d9necluY-00630-00190487-00190720 is destroyed by the spectacle of misery
+sh2d9necluY-00631-00190721-00190954 and dependence in every part of the hall
+sh2d9necluY-00632-00190955-00191374 and by the clamorous importuning enraged
+sh2d9necluY-00633-00191375-00191599 at not finding the provision which they
+sh2d9necluY-00634-00191600-00191935 had been taught to expect the guests
+sh2d9necluY-00635-00191936-00192115 learned too late their error in
+sh2d9necluY-00636-00192116-00192394 counteracting those strict orders to all
+sh2d9necluY-00637-00192395-00192655 intruders issued by the great mistress
+sh2d9necluY-00638-00192656-00192910 of the feast who wishing that all guests
+sh2d9necluY-00639-00192911-00193156 should have plenty and knowing she could
+sh2d9necluY-00640-00193157-00193369 not provide for unlimited numbers
+sh2d9necluY-00641-00193370-00193660 humanely refused to admit fresh comers
+sh2d9necluY-00642-00193661-00194037 when her table was already full
+sh2d9necluY-00643-00194038-00194283 ecologist professor Garrett Hardin
+sh2d9necluY-00644-00194284-00194511 claims that the preceding passage
+sh2d9necluY-00645-00194512-00194787 inspired hostile reactions from many
+sh2d9necluY-00646-00194788-00195150 critics the offending passage of Malthus
+sh2d9necluY-00647-00195151-00195372 essay appeared in the second edition
+sh2d9necluY-00648-00195373-00195702 only as Malthus felt obliged to remove
+sh2d9necluY-00649-00195703-00195969 it from the second edition onwards in
+sh2d9necluY-00650-00195970-00196272 book IV Malthus advocated moral
+sh2d9necluY-00651-00196273-00196527 restraint as an additional and voluntary
+sh2d9necluY-00652-00196528-00196917 check on population this included such
+sh2d9necluY-00653-00196918-00197187 measures as sexual abstinence and late
+sh2d9necluY-00654-00197188-00197622 marriage as noted by Professor Robert M
+sh2d9necluY-00655-00197623-00197889 Young Malthus dropped his chapters on
+sh2d9necluY-00656-00197890-00198162 natural theology from the second edition
+sh2d9necluY-00657-00198163-00198573 onwards also the essay became less of a
+sh2d9necluY-00658-00198574-00198771 personal response to Godwin and
+sh2d9necluY-00659-00198772-00199419 Condorcet
+sh2d9necluY-00660-00199420-00200024 topic a summary view
+sh2d9necluY-00661-00200025-00200273 a summary view on the principle of
+sh2d9necluY-00662-00200274-00200699 population was published in 1830 the
+sh2d9necluY-00663-00200700-00201055 author was identified as rev TR Malthus
+sh2d9necluY-00664-00201056-00201518 a.m. FRS Malthus wrote a summary view
+sh2d9necluY-00665-00201519-00201728 for those who did not have the leisure
+sh2d9necluY-00666-00201729-00201977 to read the full essay and as he put it
+sh2d9necluY-00667-00201978-00202243 to correct some of the most
+sh2d9necluY-00668-00202244-00202468 representations which have gone abroad
+sh2d9necluY-00669-00202469-00202718 respecting two or three of the most
+sh2d9necluY-00670-00202719-00203144 important points of the essay a summary
+sh2d9necluY-00671-00203145-00203333 view ends with a defense of the
+sh2d9necluY-00672-00203334-00203561 principle of population against the
+sh2d9necluY-00673-00203562-00203846 charge that it impeach is the goodness
+sh2d9necluY-00674-00203847-00204128 of the deity and is inconsistent with
+sh2d9necluY-00675-00204129-00204556 the letter and spirit of the scriptures
+sh2d9necluY-00676-00204557-00204982 see main article Thomas Malthus for more
+sh2d9necluY-00677-00204983-00205304 this was Malthus final word on his
+sh2d9necluY-00678-00205305-00206264 principle of population he died in 1834
+sh2d9necluY-00679-00206265-00206594 topic other works that influenced
+sh2d9necluY-00680-00206594-00207055 Malthus
+sh2d9necluY-00681-00207056-00207352 observations concerning the increase of
+sh2d9necluY-00682-00207353-00207838 mankind peopling of countries etc 1751
+sh2d9necluY-00683-00207839-00208046 by Benjamin Franklin
+sh2d9necluY-00684-00208048-00208569 17:06 to 1790 of the populace nosov
+sh2d9necluY-00685-00208571-00209121 ancient nations 1750 to David Hume 17 11
+sh2d9necluY-00686-00209121-00209551 276 a dissertation on the numbers of
+sh2d9necluY-00687-00209552-00209856 mankind in ancient and modern times
+sh2d9necluY-00688-00209857-00210208 17:53 characteristics of the present
+sh2d9necluY-00689-00210209-00210378 state of Great Britain
+sh2d9necluY-00690-00210379-00210751 17:58 and various prospects of mankind
+sh2d9necluY-00691-00210752-00211165 nature and Providence 1761 Robert
+sh2d9necluY-00692-00211166-00211813 Wallace 1697 to 1771 an inquiry into the
+sh2d9necluY-00693-00211814-00212005 nature and causes of the wealth of
+sh2d9necluY-00694-00212006-00212785 nations 1776 Adam Smith 17 23 290 essay
+sh2d9necluY-00695-00212786-00213010 on the population of England from the
+sh2d9necluY-00696-00213011-00213391 revolution to present time 1780 evidence
+sh2d9necluY-00697-00213392-00213598 for a future period in the state of
+sh2d9necluY-00698-00213598-00213856 mankind with the means and duty of
+sh2d9necluY-00699-00213857-00214421 promoting it 1787 Richard price 17:23 -
+sh2d9necluY-00700-00214423-00215091 1791
+sh2d9necluY-00701-00215092-00215459 topic reception and influence of the
+sh2d9necluY-00702-00215460-00215875 essay
+sh2d9necluY-00703-00215876-00216232 you
+sh2d9necluY-00704-00216233-00216819 topic personai Leah
+sh2d9necluY-00705-00216819-00217104 Malthus became subject to extreme
+sh2d9necluY-00706-00217105-00217428 personal criticism people who knew
+sh2d9necluY-00707-00217429-00217598 nothing about his private life
+sh2d9necluY-00708-00217598-00217859 criticized him both for having no
+sh2d9necluY-00709-00217860-00218306 children and for having too many in 1819
+sh2d9necluY-00710-00218307-00218589 Shelley berating Malthus as a priest
+sh2d9necluY-00711-00218590-00219071 called him a eunuch and a tyrant Marx
+sh2d9necluY-00712-00219073-00219306 repeated the idea adding that Malthus
+sh2d9necluY-00713-00219307-00219615 had taken the vow of celibacy and called
+sh2d9necluY-00714-00219616-00219992 him superficial a professional
+sh2d9necluY-00715-00219994-00220346 plagiarist the agent of the landed
+sh2d9necluY-00716-00220348-00220887 aristocracy a paid advocate and the
+sh2d9necluY-00717-00220888-00221217 principal enemy of the people in the
+sh2d9necluY-00718-00221217-00221435 twentieth century an editor of the
+sh2d9necluY-00719-00221436-00221681 everyman edition of Malthus claimed that
+sh2d9necluY-00720-00221682-00221979 Malthus had practiced population control
+sh2d9necluY-00721-00221980-00222332 by begetting eleven girls in fact
+sh2d9necluY-00722-00222333-00222596 Malthus fathered two daughters and one
+sh2d9necluY-00723-00222598-00222944 son Garret Hardin provides an overview
+sh2d9necluY-00724-00222946-00223628 of such personal comments
+sh2d9necluY-00725-00223629-00224252 topic early influence
+sh2d9necluY-00726-00224253-00224582 the position held by malthus's professor
+sh2d9necluY-00727-00224583-00224813 at the Haileybury training college to
+sh2d9necluY-00728-00224814-00225179 his death in 1834 gave his theories some
+sh2d9necluY-00729-00225180-00225428 influence over Britain's administration
+sh2d9necluY-00730-00225429-00225803 of India according to Peterson William
+sh2d9necluY-00731-00225804-00226271 Pitt the Younger in office 1783 to 1801
+sh2d9necluY-00732-00226271-00226676 and 1804 to 1806 on reading the work of
+sh2d9necluY-00733-00226677-00226892 Malthus withdrew a bill he had
+sh2d9necluY-00734-00226892-00227126 introduced that called for the extension
+sh2d9necluY-00735-00227127-00227516 of poor relief concerns about malthus's
+sh2d9necluY-00736-00227517-00227756 theory helped promote the idea of a
+sh2d9necluY-00737-00227757-00228121 national population census in the UK
+sh2d9necluY-00738-00228121-00228416 government official John Rickman became
+sh2d9necluY-00739-00228417-00228641 instrumental in the carrying out of the
+sh2d9necluY-00740-00228642-00228926 first modern British census in 1801
+sh2d9necluY-00741-00228927-00229403 under Pitts administration in the 1830s
+sh2d9necluY-00742-00229404-00229685 malthus's writings strongly influenced
+sh2d9necluY-00743-00229686-00229919 Whig reforms which overturned Tory
+sh2d9necluY-00744-00229919-00230162 paternalism and brought in the poor law
+sh2d9necluY-00745-00230163-00230698 Amendment Act of 1834 Malthus convinced
+sh2d9necluY-00746-00230700-00230939 most economists that even while high
+sh2d9necluY-00747-00230940-00231155 fertility might increase the gross
+sh2d9necluY-00748-00231156-00231446 output it tended to reduce output per
+sh2d9necluY-00749-00231446-00231827 capita David Ricardo and Alfred Marshall
+sh2d9necluY-00750-00231828-00232117 admired Malthus and so came under his
+sh2d9necluY-00751-00232119-00232463 influence early converts to his
+sh2d9necluY-00752-00232464-00232798 population theory included William Paley
+sh2d9necluY-00753-00232798-00233071 despite malthus's opposition to
+sh2d9necluY-00754-00233073-00233344 contraception his work exercised a
+sh2d9necluY-00755-00233346-00233732 strong influence on Frances place 1771
+sh2d9necluY-00756-00233733-00234152 to 1854 whose neo Malthusian movement
+sh2d9necluY-00757-00234153-00234331 became the first to advocate
+sh2d9necluY-00758-00234332-00234656 contraception place published his
+sh2d9necluY-00759-00234657-00234851 illustrations and proofs of the
+sh2d9necluY-00760-00234852-00235346 principles of population in 1822
+sh2d9necluY-00761-00235346-00235694 you
+sh2d9necluY-00762-00235694-00236110 topic early responses in the Malthusian
+sh2d9necluY-00763-00236111-00236554 controversy
+sh2d9necluY-00764-00236555-00236857 William Godwin criticized malthus's
+sh2d9necluY-00765-00236858-00237139 criticisms of his own arguments in his
+sh2d9necluY-00766-00237140-00237489 book on population 1820 other
+sh2d9necluY-00767-00237490-00237796 theoretical and political critiques of
+sh2d9necluY-00768-00237796-00238090 Malthus and Malthusian thinking emerged
+sh2d9necluY-00769-00238091-00238288 soon after the publication of the first
+sh2d9necluY-00770-00238289-00238627 essay on population most notably in the
+sh2d9necluY-00771-00238628-00238864 work of Robert Owen of the essayist
+sh2d9necluY-00772-00238865-00239179 William Haslett 1807 and of the
+sh2d9necluY-00773-00239180-00239440 economist Nassau Williams senior and
+sh2d9necluY-00774-00239441-00239803 moralist william Cobbett true law of
+sh2d9necluY-00775-00239804-00240250 population 1845 was by politician Thomas
+sh2d9necluY-00776-00240251-00240609 Doubleday an adherent of Kabat spews
+sh2d9necluY-00777-00240610-00240955 John Stuart Mill's strongly defended the
+sh2d9necluY-00778-00240956-00241287 ideas of Malthus in his 1848 work
+sh2d9necluY-00779-00241288-00241606 principles of political economy book 2
+sh2d9necluY-00780-00241607-00242044 chapters 11 to 13 mill considered the
+sh2d9necluY-00781-00242044-00242338 criticisms of Malthus made thus far to
+sh2d9necluY-00782-00242339-00242694 have been superficial the American
+sh2d9necluY-00783-00242696-00242998 economist Henry Charles Carey rejected
+sh2d9necluY-00784-00242998-00243289 malthus's argument in his magnum opus of
+sh2d9necluY-00785-00243290-00243703 1858 259 the principles of social
+sh2d9necluY-00786-00243704-00244075 science Carey maintained that the only
+sh2d9necluY-00787-00244076-00244291 situation in which the means of
+sh2d9necluY-00788-00244292-00244561 subsistence will determine population
+sh2d9necluY-00789-00244562-00244813 growth is one in which a given society
+sh2d9necluY-00790-00244814-00245092 is not introducing new technologies or
+sh2d9necluY-00791-00245092-00245253 not adopting forward-thinking
+sh2d9necluY-00792-00245254-00245538 governmental policy and that population
+sh2d9necluY-00793-00245539-00245815 regulated itself in every well governed
+sh2d9necluY-00794-00245816-00246098 society but its pressure on subsistence
+sh2d9necluY-00795-00246100-00246331 characterized the lower stages of
+sh2d9necluY-00796-00246332-00246953 civilization
+sh2d9necluY-00797-00246954-00247607 topic Marxists or possession
+sh2d9necluY-00798-00247608-00247826 another strand of opposition to
+sh2d9necluY-00799-00247827-00248115 malthus's ideas started in the middle of
+sh2d9necluY-00800-00248116-00248369 the 19th century with the writings of
+sh2d9necluY-00801-00248370-00248616 Friedrich angles outlines of a critique
+sh2d9necluY-00802-00248617-00249042 of political economy 1844 and Karl Marx
+sh2d9necluY-00803-00249042-00249617 Capital 1867 angles and Marx argued that
+sh2d9necluY-00804-00249618-00249842 what Malthus saw as the problem of the
+sh2d9necluY-00805-00249843-00250065 pressure of population on the means of
+sh2d9necluY-00806-00250066-00250298 production actually represented the
+sh2d9necluY-00807-00250299-00250502 pressure of the means of production on
+sh2d9necluY-00808-00250503-00250868 population they thus viewed it in terms
+sh2d9necluY-00809-00250869-00251112 of their concept of the reserve army of
+sh2d9necluY-00810-00251113-00251492 labour in other words the seeming excess
+sh2d9necluY-00811-00251493-00251783 of population that Malthus attributed to
+sh2d9necluY-00812-00251784-00251999 the seemingly innate disposition of the
+sh2d9necluY-00813-00252000-00252185 poor to reproduce beyond their means
+sh2d9necluY-00814-00252186-00252443 actually emerged as a product of the
+sh2d9necluY-00815-00252444-00252788 very dynamic of capitalist economy
+sh2d9necluY-00816-00252789-00253184 angles called malthus's hypothesis the
+sh2d9necluY-00817-00253185-00253472 crudest most barbarous theory that ever
+sh2d9necluY-00818-00253473-00253802 existed a system of despair which struck
+sh2d9necluY-00819-00253803-00254054 down all those beautiful phrases about
+sh2d9necluY-00820-00254055-00254462 love thy neighbor and world citizenship
+sh2d9necluY-00821-00254463-00254790 angles also predicted that science would
+sh2d9necluY-00822-00254791-00255005 solve the problem of an adequate food
+sh2d9necluY-00823-00255006-00255438 supply in the Marxist tradition Lenin
+sh2d9necluY-00824-00255439-00255741 sharply criticized Malthusian theory and
+sh2d9necluY-00825-00255742-00256183 its neo Malthusian version calling it a
+sh2d9necluY-00826-00256184-00256619 reactionary doctrine and an attempt on
+sh2d9necluY-00827-00256620-00256901 the part of bourgeois ideologists
+sh2d9necluY-00828-00256902-00257221 to exonerate capitalism and to prove the
+sh2d9necluY-00829-00257222-00257492 inevitability of privation and misery
+sh2d9necluY-00830-00257493-00257780 for the working class under any social
+sh2d9necluY-00831-00257781-00258034 system
+sh2d9necluY-00832-00258035-00258352 in addition many Russian philosophers
+sh2d9necluY-00833-00258353-00258556 could not easily apply Malthus
+sh2d9necluY-00834-00258557-00258853 population theory to Russian society in
+sh2d9necluY-00835-00258854-00259319 the 1840s in England where Malthus lived
+sh2d9necluY-00836-00259321-00259603 population was rapidly increasing but
+sh2d9necluY-00837-00259604-00259905 suitable agricultural land was limited
+sh2d9necluY-00838-00259906-00260248 Russia on the other hand had extensive
+sh2d9necluY-00839-00260248-00260527 land with agricultural potential yet a
+sh2d9necluY-00840-00260528-00260844 relatively sparse population it is
+sh2d9necluY-00841-00260844-00261106 possible that this discrepancy between
+sh2d9necluY-00842-00261107-00261316 Russian and English realities
+sh2d9necluY-00843-00261317-00261556 contributed to the rejection of Malthus
+sh2d9necluY-00844-00261557-00261850 essay on the principle of population by
+sh2d9necluY-00845-00261851-00262240 key Russian thinkers another difference
+sh2d9necluY-00846-00262241-00262501 which contributed to the confusion and
+sh2d9necluY-00847-00262502-00262732 ultimately the rejection of malthus's
+sh2d9necluY-00848-00262733-00262990 argument in Russia was its cultural
+sh2d9necluY-00849-00262991-00263326 basis in English capitalism this
+sh2d9necluY-00850-00263327-00263623 political contrast helps explain why it
+sh2d9necluY-00851-00263624-00263923 took Russia 20 years to publish a review
+sh2d9necluY-00852-00263924-00264163 of the work and 50 years to translate
+sh2d9necluY-00853-00264164-00264823 malthus's essay
+sh2d9necluY-00854-00264824-00265460 topic later responses
+sh2d9necluY-00855-00265461-00265799 in the 20th century those who regarded
+sh2d9necluY-00856-00265800-00266003 Malthus is a failed prophet of doom
+sh2d9necluY-00857-00266004-00266320 included an editor of nature John Maddox
+sh2d9necluY-00858-00266321-00266613 economist Julian Lincoln Simon has
+sh2d9necluY-00859-00266614-00266991 criticized malthus's conclusions he
+sh2d9necluY-00860-00266992-00267216 notes that despite the predictions of
+sh2d9necluY-00861-00267217-00267452 Malthus and of the Neo Malthusian
+sh2d9necluY-00862-00267453-00267773 massive geometric population growth in
+sh2d9necluY-00863-00267774-00268041 the 20th century did not result in a
+sh2d9necluY-00864-00268042-00268443 Malthusian catastrophe many factors have
+sh2d9necluY-00865-00268444-00268697 been identified as having contributed
+sh2d9necluY-00866-00268698-00268970 general improvements in farming methods
+sh2d9necluY-00867-00268971-00269289 industrial agriculture mechanization of
+sh2d9necluY-00868-00269290-00269538 work tractors the introduction of
+sh2d9necluY-00869-00269539-00269763 high-yield varieties of wheat and other
+sh2d9necluY-00870-00269764-00270042 plants green revolution the use of
+sh2d9necluY-00871-00270043-00270417 pesticides to control crop pests each
+sh2d9necluY-00872-00270418-00270738 played a role the enviro skeptic Bjorn
+sh2d9necluY-00873-00270739-00271034 Lomborg presented data to argue the case
+sh2d9necluY-00874-00271035-00271239 that the environment had actually
+sh2d9necluY-00875-00271240-00271491 improved and that calories produced per
+sh2d9necluY-00876-00271492-00271794 day per capita globally went up 23%
+sh2d9necluY-00877-00271795-00272123 between 1960 and 2000
+sh2d9necluY-00878-00272124-00272292 despite the doubling of the world
+sh2d9necluY-00879-00272293-00272534 population in that period from the
+sh2d9necluY-00880-00272535-00272795 opposite angle Romanian American
+sh2d9necluY-00881-00272796-00273074 economist Nicolas Georgescu Rogan a
+sh2d9necluY-00882-00273075-00273350 progenitor in economics and a paradigm
+sh2d9necluY-00883-00273351-00273635 founder of ecological economics has
+sh2d9necluY-00884-00273636-00273837 argued that Malthus was too optimistic
+sh2d9necluY-00885-00273838-00274154 as he failed to recognize any upper
+sh2d9necluY-00886-00274155-00274445 limit to the growth of population only
+sh2d9necluY-00887-00274446-00274745 the geometric increase in human numbers
+sh2d9necluY-00888-00274746-00275013 is occasionally slowed down checked by
+sh2d9necluY-00889-00275014-00275214 the arithmetic increase in agricultural
+sh2d9necluY-00890-00275215-00275528 produce according to Malthus simple
+sh2d9necluY-00891-00275529-00275746 growth model but some upper limit to
+sh2d9necluY-00892-00275747-00276020 population is bound to exist as the
+sh2d9necluY-00893-00276021-00276377 total amount of agricultural land actual
+sh2d9necluY-00894-00276378-00276701 as well as potential on earth is finite
+sh2d9necluY-00895-00276702-00277119 Georgescu Rogan points out Georgescu
+sh2d9necluY-00896-00277120-00277346 Rogan further argues that the
+sh2d9necluY-00897-00277347-00277583 industrialized world's increase in
+sh2d9necluY-00898-00277584-00277877 agricultural productivity since Malthus
+sh2d9necluY-00899-00277878-00278090 day has been brought about by a
+sh2d9necluY-00900-00278091-00278337 mechanization that has substituted a
+sh2d9necluY-00901-00278338-00278552 scarce a source of input for the more
+sh2d9necluY-00902-00278553-00278838 abundant input of solar radiation
+sh2d9necluY-00903-00278839-00279077 Machinery chemical fertilizers and
+sh2d9necluY-00904-00279078-00279350 pesticides all rely on Mineral Resources
+sh2d9necluY-00905-00279351-00279618 for their operation rendering modern
+sh2d9necluY-00906-00279619-00279945 agriculture and the industrialized food
+sh2d9necluY-00907-00279946-00280188 processing and distribution systems
+sh2d9necluY-00908-00280189-00280542 associated with it almost as dependent
+sh2d9necluY-00909-00280543-00280722 on earths mineral stock as the
+sh2d9necluY-00910-00280723-00281012 industrial sector has always been
+sh2d9necluY-00911-00281013-00281303 Georgescu Rogen cautions that this
+sh2d9necluY-00912-00281304-00281568 situation is a major reason why their
+sh2d9necluY-00913-00281569-00281858 carrying capacity of earth that is
+sh2d9necluY-00914-00281859-00282113 Earth's capacity to sustain human
+sh2d9necluY-00915-00282114-00282390 populations and consumption levels is
+sh2d9necluY-00916-00282391-00282693 bound to decrease sometime in the future
+sh2d9necluY-00917-00282694-00282905 as Earth's finite stock of mineral
+sh2d9necluY-00918-00282906-00283170 resources is presently being extracted
+sh2d9necluY-00919-00283171-00283577 and put to use political adviser Jeremy
+sh2d9necluY-00920-00283578-00283863 Rifkin and ecological economist Hermann
+sh2d9necluY-00921-00283864-00284180 daily to students of Georgia Ski rogen
+sh2d9necluY-00922-00284181-00284448 have raised similar neo Malthusian
+sh2d9necluY-00923-00284449-00284718 concerns about the long-run drawbacks of
+sh2d9necluY-00924-00284719-00285017 modern mechanized agriculture
+sh2d9necluY-00925-00285018-00285249 anthropologist Eric Ross depicts
+sh2d9necluY-00926-00285250-00285530 malthus's work as a rationalization of
+sh2d9necluY-00927-00285531-00285758 the social inequities produced by the
+sh2d9necluY-00928-00285759-00286037 Industrial Revolution anti-immigration
+sh2d9necluY-00929-00286038-00286334 movements the eugenics movement and the
+sh2d9necluY-00930-00286335-00286550 various international development
+sh2d9necluY-00931-00286551-00286803 movements
+sh2d9necluY-00932-00286804-00287148 you
+sh2d9necluY-00933-00287149-00287766 topic social theory
+sh2d9necluY-00934-00287767-00288144 despite use of the term Malthusian
+sh2d9necluY-00935-00288145-00288485 catastrophe by detractors such as
+sh2d9necluY-00936-00288486-00288999 economist Julian Simon 1932 to 1998
+sh2d9necluY-00937-00289000-00289194 Malthus himself did not write that
+sh2d9necluY-00938-00289195-00289488 mankind faced an inevitable future
+sh2d9necluY-00939-00289489-00289818 catastrophe rather he offered an
+sh2d9necluY-00940-00289819-00290115 evolutionary social theory of population
+sh2d9necluY-00941-00290116-00290354 dynamics as it had acted steadily
+sh2d9necluY-00942-00290355-00290670 throughout all previous history eight
+sh2d9necluY-00943-00290671-00290882 major points regarding population
+sh2d9necluY-00944-00290883-00291419 dynamics appear in the 1798 essay
+sh2d9necluY-00945-00291420-00291720 subsistence severely limits population
+sh2d9necluY-00946-00291721-00291894 level
+sh2d9necluY-00947-00291895-00292151 when the means of subsistence increases
+sh2d9necluY-00948-00292152-00292553 population increases population
+sh2d9necluY-00949-00292554-00292770 pressures stimulate increases in
+sh2d9necluY-00950-00292771-00292984 productivity
+sh2d9necluY-00951-00292985-00293269 increases in productivity stimulate
+sh2d9necluY-00952-00293270-00293615 further population growth because
+sh2d9necluY-00953-00293616-00293881 productivity increases cannot maintain
+sh2d9necluY-00954-00293882-00294133 the potential rate of population growth
+sh2d9necluY-00955-00294134-00294464 population requires strong checks to
+sh2d9necluY-00956-00294465-00294822 keep parity with the carrying capacity
+sh2d9necluY-00957-00294823-00295091 individual cost-benefit decisions
+sh2d9necluY-00958-00295092-00295343 regarding sex work and children
+sh2d9necluY-00959-00295344-00295565 determine the expansion or contraction
+sh2d9necluY-00960-00295566-00296002 of population and production checks will
+sh2d9necluY-00961-00296003-00296251 come into operation as population
+sh2d9necluY-00962-00296252-00296552 exceeds subsistence level
+sh2d9necluY-00963-00296553-00296765 the nature of these checks will have
+sh2d9necluY-00964-00296766-00296989 significant effect on the larger
+sh2d9necluY-00965-00296990-00297172 socio-cultural system
+sh2d9necluY-00966-00297173-00297446 Malthus points specifically to misery
+sh2d9necluY-00967-00297447-00297782 vice and poverty Malthusian social
+sh2d9necluY-00968-00297783-00298058 theory influenced herbert spencer's idea
+sh2d9necluY-00969-00298059-00298277 of the survival of the fittest and the
+sh2d9necluY-00970-00298278-00298556 modern ecological evolutionary social
+sh2d9necluY-00971-00298557-00298805 theory of Gerhard Lenski and Marvin
+sh2d9necluY-00972-00298806-00299180 Harris Malthusian ideas have thus
+sh2d9necluY-00973-00299181-00299357 contributed to the Canon of
+sh2d9necluY-00974-00299358-00299729 socio-economic theory the first
+sh2d9necluY-00975-00299730-00300062 director-general of UNESCO Julian Huxley
+sh2d9necluY-00976-00300063-00300314 wrote of the crowded world in his
+sh2d9necluY-00977-00300315-00300734 evolutionary humanism 1964 calling for a
+sh2d9necluY-00978-00300735-00301145 world population policy Huxley openly
+sh2d9necluY-00979-00301146-00301437 criticized communist and Roman Catholic
+sh2d9necluY-00980-00301438-00301748 attitudes to birth control population
+sh2d9necluY-00981-00301749-00302468 control and overpopulation
+sh2d9necluY-00982-00302469-00303039 topic biology
+sh2d9necluY-00983-00303040-00303322 Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace
+sh2d9necluY-00984-00303323-00303550 each read and acknowledged the role
+sh2d9necluY-00985-00303551-00303823 played by Malthus in the development of
+sh2d9necluY-00986-00303824-00303993 their own ideas
+sh2d9necluY-00987-00303994-00304375 Darwin referred to Malthus as that great
+sh2d9necluY-00988-00304376-00304720 philosopher and said this is the
+sh2d9necluY-00989-00304721-00304969 doctrine of Malthus applied with
+sh2d9necluY-00990-00304970-00305218 manifold force to the animal and
+sh2d9necluY-00991-00305219-00305485 vegetable kingdoms for in this case
+sh2d9necluY-00992-00305486-00305758 there can be no artificial increase of
+sh2d9necluY-00993-00305759-00306052 food and no Prudential restraint from
+sh2d9necluY-00994-00306053-00306675 marriage Darwin also wrote in October
+sh2d9necluY-00995-00306676-00306992 1838
+sh2d9necluY-00996-00306993-00307333 I happened to read for amusement Malthus
+sh2d9necluY-00997-00307334-00307654 on population
+sh2d9necluY-00998-00307655-00307916 it at once struck me that under these
+sh2d9necluY-00999-00307917-00308291 circumstances favorable variations would
+sh2d9necluY-01000-00308292-00308567 tend to be preserved and unfavorable
+sh2d9necluY-01001-00308568-00308956 ones to be destroyed the result of this
+sh2d9necluY-01002-00308957-00309372 would be the formation of new species
+sh2d9necluY-01003-00309373-00309791 Wallace stated but perhaps the most
+sh2d9necluY-01004-00309792-00310037 important book one read was malthus's
+sh2d9necluY-01005-00310038-00310376 principles of population
+sh2d9necluY-01006-00310377-00310673 it was the first great work I had yet
+sh2d9necluY-01007-00310674-00310895 read treating of any of the problems of
+sh2d9necluY-01008-00310896-00311156 philosophical biology and its main
+sh2d9necluY-01009-00311157-00311351 principles remained with me as a
+sh2d9necluY-01010-00311352-00311615 permanent possession and 20 years later
+sh2d9necluY-01011-00311616-00311834 gave me the long-sought clue to the
+sh2d9necluY-01012-00311835-00312059 effective agent in the evolution of
+sh2d9necluY-01013-00312060-00312512 organic species Ronald Fisher commented
+sh2d9necluY-01014-00312513-00312806 skeptically on Malthusian ISM as a basis
+sh2d9necluY-01015-00312807-00313190 for a theory of natural selection Fisher
+sh2d9necluY-01016-00313191-00313426 emphasized the role of fecundity
+sh2d9necluY-01017-00313427-00313685 reproductive rate rather than assume
+sh2d9necluY-01018-00313686-00313892 actual conditions would not reduce
+sh2d9necluY-01019-00313893-00314240 future births John Maynard Smith doubted
+sh2d9necluY-01020-00314241-00314429 that famine functioned as the great
+sh2d9necluY-01021-00314430-00314726 leveler as portrayed by Malthus but he
+sh2d9necluY-01022-00314727-00315097 also accepted the basic premises
+sh2d9necluY-01023-00315098-00315290 populations cannot increase
+sh2d9necluY-01024-00315291-00315698 geometrically forever sooner or later a
+sh2d9necluY-01025-00315699-00315932 shortage of resources must bring the
+sh2d9necluY-01026-00315933-00316587 increase to a halt
+sh2d9necluY-01027-00316588-00317261 topic later influence
+sh2d9necluY-01028-00317262-00317535 Malthusian ideas continue to have
+sh2d9necluY-01029-00317536-00317880 considerable influence Paul Arielle each
+sh2d9necluY-01030-00317881-00318129 has written several books predicting
+sh2d9necluY-01031-00318130-00318354 famine as a result of population
+sh2d9necluY-01032-00318355-00318752 increase the Population Bomb 1968
+sh2d9necluY-01033-00318753-00319122 population resources environment issues
+sh2d9necluY-01034-00319123-00319563 in human ecology 1970 with a nearly the
+sh2d9necluY-01035-00319564-00319992 end of affluence 1974 with a nearly the
+sh2d9necluY-01036-00319993-00320340 population explosion 1990 with an
+sh2d9necluY-01037-00320341-00320838 Ehrlich in the late 1960s Ilic predicted
+sh2d9necluY-01038-00320839-00321069 that hundreds of millions would die from
+sh2d9necluY-01039-00321070-00321333 a coming overpopulation crisis in the
+sh2d9necluY-01040-00321334-00321792 1970s other examples of work that has
+sh2d9necluY-01041-00321793-00322197 been accused of Malthusian ISM include
+sh2d9necluY-01042-00322198-00322509 the 1972 book the limits to growth
+sh2d9necluY-01043-00322510-00322758 published by the Club of Rome and the
+sh2d9necluY-01044-00322759-00323070 global 2000 report to the then President
+sh2d9necluY-01045-00323071-00323369 of the United States Jimmy Carter
+sh2d9necluY-01046-00323370-00323682 science fiction author Isaac Asimov
+sh2d9necluY-01047-00323683-00323946 issued many Appeals for population
+sh2d9necluY-01048-00323947-00324171 control reflecting the perspective
+sh2d9necluY-01049-00324172-00324414 articulated by people from Robert
+sh2d9necluY-01050-00324415-00324767 Malthus through Paul Ariel itch
+sh2d9necluY-01051-00324768-00325065 ecological economist Herman Daly has
+sh2d9necluY-01052-00325066-00325326 recognized the influence of Malthus on
+sh2d9necluY-01053-00325327-00325602 his own work on steady-state economics
+sh2d9necluY-01054-00325603-00326039 more recently a school of neo Malthusian
+sh2d9necluY-01055-00326040-00326352 scholars has begun to link population
+sh2d9necluY-01056-00326353-00326579 and economics to a third variable
+sh2d9necluY-01057-00326580-00326844 political change and political violence
+sh2d9necluY-01058-00326845-00327141 and to show how the variables interact
+sh2d9necluY-01059-00327142-00327630 in the early 1980s Jack Goldstone linked
+sh2d9necluY-01060-00327631-00327873 population variables to the English
+sh2d9necluY-01061-00327874-00328284 revolution of 1640 to 1660 and David
+sh2d9necluY-01062-00328285-00328559 Lampert devised a model of demographics
+sh2d9necluY-01063-00328560-00328842 economics and political change in the
+sh2d9necluY-01064-00328843-00329156 multi-ethnic country of Mauritius
+sh2d9necluY-01065-00329157-00329406 Goldstone has since modelled other
+sh2d9necluY-01066-00329407-00329670 revolutions by looking at demographics
+sh2d9necluY-01067-00329671-00329937 and economics and Lempert has explained
+sh2d9necluY-01068-00329938-00330156 Stalin's purges and the Russian
+sh2d9necluY-01069-00330157-00330462 Revolution of 1917 in terms of
+sh2d9necluY-01070-00330463-00330594 demographic factor
+sh2d9necluY-01071-00330595-00330975 that drive political economy ted robert
+sh2d9necluY-01072-00330976-00331256 Garr has also modeled political violence
+sh2d9necluY-01073-00331257-00331532 such as in the Palestinian territories
+sh2d9necluY-01074-00331533-00331812 and in Rwanda Congo two of the world's
+sh2d9necluY-01075-00331813-00332006 regions of most rapidly growing
+sh2d9necluY-01076-00332007-00332322 population using similar variables in
+sh2d9necluY-01077-00332323-00332643 several comparative cases these
+sh2d9necluY-01078-00332644-00332882 approaches suggest that political
+sh2d9necluY-01079-00332883-00333290 ideology follows demographic forces
+sh2d9necluY-01080-00333291-00333584 Malthus sometimes regarded as the
+sh2d9necluY-01081-00333585-00333816 founding father of modern demography
+sh2d9necluY-01082-00333817-00334076 continues to inspire and influence
+sh2d9necluY-01083-00334077-00334374 futuristic visions such as those of Kay
+sh2d9necluY-01084-00334375-00334674 eric drexler relating to space advocacy
+sh2d9necluY-01085-00334675-00335046 and molecular nanotechnology as Drexler
+sh2d9necluY-01086-00335047-00335502 put it in engines of creation 1986 in a
+sh2d9necluY-01087-00335503-00335799 sense opening space will burst are
+sh2d9necluY-01088-00335800-00336114 limits to growth since we know of no end
+sh2d9necluY-01089-00336115-00336573 to the universe nevertheless Malthus was
+sh2d9necluY-01090-00336574-00337026 essentially right the Malthusian growth
+sh2d9necluY-01091-00337027-00337347 model now bares malthus's name the
+sh2d9necluY-01092-00337348-00337605 logistic function of pierre francois
+sh2d9necluY-01093-00337606-00338073 Verhulst 1804 to 1849 results in the
+sh2d9necluY-01094-00338074-00338451 s-curve Verhulst developed the logistic
+sh2d9necluY-01095-00338452-00338727 growth model favored by so many critics
+sh2d9necluY-01096-00338728-00339051 of the Malthusian growth model in 1838
+sh2d9necluY-01097-00339052-00339398 only after reading malthus's essay
+sh2d9necluY-01098-00339399-00339696 Malthus has also inspired retired
+sh2d9necluY-01099-00339697-00339987 physics professor Albert Allan Bartlett
+sh2d9necluY-01100-00339988-00340347 to lecture over 1,500 times on
+sh2d9necluY-01101-00340348-00340805 arithmetic population and energy
+sh2d9necluY-01102-00340806-00341057 promoting sustainable living and
+sh2d9necluY-01103-00341058-00341231 explaining the mathematics of
+sh2d9necluY-01104-00341232-00341858 overpopulation
+sh2d9necluY-01105-00341859-00342451 topic C also
+sh2d9necluY-01106-00342452-00342793 book of murder - satirical attacks on
+sh2d9necluY-01107-00342794-00343065 the pool or amendment act
+sh2d9necluY-01108-00343066-00343609 Marquess de condorcet the dismal science
+sh2d9necluY-01109-00343610-00344131 famous predictions Benjamin Franklin
+sh2d9necluY-01110-00344132-00344785 William Godwin David Hume Montesquieu
+sh2d9necluY-01111-00344786-00345332 Richard Price Adam Smith
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+si3eCwd8BvM-00075-00013680-00013783 additional energy
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+si3eCwd8BvM-00084-00015328-00015486 it's turned into high boiled mass in a
+si3eCwd8BvM-00085-00015487-00015630 special viking machine
+si3eCwd8BvM-00086-00015631-00015838 then at a temperature of less than 80
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+si3eCwd8BvM-00088-00016031-00016119 other components
+si3eCwd8BvM-00089-00016119-00016303 such as citric acid tolerance and
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+si3eCwd8BvM-00097-00017495-00017703 that is why we can say that our products
+si3eCwd8BvM-00098-00017704-00017894 is absolutely natural
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+si3eCwd8BvM-00100-00018136-00018319 plant that was a new page in the
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+si3eCwd8BvM-00119-00021895-00022078 own exclusive products
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+siK16SPj1tu-00067-00024733-00024999 ah quit non-experimental ab nanalew
+siK16SPj1tu-00068-00025000-00025254 vampers Kanodia got it the Vice pop
+siK16SPj1tu-00069-00025255-00025485 robizzy attacks to essentia lumpish cuz
+siK16SPj1tu-00070-00025486-00025686 they do bleep it Amen a Romney Lola
+siK16SPj1tu-00071-00025687-00026091 denied in old total honesty I was a domo
+siK16SPj1tu-00072-00026092-00026301 motor size nice lamp ice cream was gonna
+siK16SPj1tu-00073-00026302-00026595 bochum dome was approached put mr. stone
+siK16SPj1tu-00074-00026595-00026858 he cocked up compaq Nia to stress with
+siK16SPj1tu-00075-00026860-00027267 cheese it with the enoli I ding dong now
+siK16SPj1tu-00076-00027268-00028252 attack to Mugato i was privileged 13 TD
+siK16SPj1tu-00077-00028254-00028719 the ass first watson astra photo op
+siK16SPj1tu-00078-00028720-00028938 Rebecca lumpish k was calling the blocks
+siK16SPj1tu-00079-00028939-00029517 reportedly more than as a stead Revere
+siK16SPj1tu-00080-00029518-00029838 kasbahs trim Eno guatape reverse me to s
+siK16SPj1tu-00081-00029839-00030210 no no no lady Bellamy on the Brazos
+siK16SPj1tu-00082-00030211-00030537 dunno yeah let's avoid a spot vision we
+siK16SPj1tu-00083-00030538-00030735 had booked a pressure cooker photon go
+siK16SPj1tu-00084-00030736-00031008 to chasing betta doc stubborn Irenaeus
+siK16SPj1tu-00085-00031008-00031242 new name is possibly have awesome p.m.
+siK16SPj1tu-00086-00031243-00031545 in new devices shall provide him just as
+siK16SPj1tu-00087-00031545-00031745 pre manner of necessity then stop
+siK16SPj1tu-00088-00031747-00031970 premiun Arab neons watch me Illinois
+siK16SPj1tu-00089-00031972-00032229 lowly nology unless she was right knock
+siK16SPj1tu-00090-00032230-00032495 knock good bourassa
+siK16SPj1tu-00091-00032496-00033200 didn't II dois chestnuts were still yeah
+siK16SPj1tu-00092-00033201-00033554 watch shop nice premium me enojo do
+siK16SPj1tu-00093-00033555-00033818 monotone áauspiciados tamiya plasma
+siK16SPj1tu-00094-00033819-00034052 trail test you like is that she just
+siK16SPj1tu-00095-00034053-00034265 like the baggage of willfulness alto
+siK16SPj1tu-00096-00034266-00034493 cedro jam but pieces as long as a
+siK16SPj1tu-00097-00034494-00034997 druggie my video each the m paka
+skaJoVRoWuM-00000-00000266-00002539 [Music]
+skaJoVRoWuM-00001-00002540-00002883 [Music]
+skaJoVRoWuM-00002-00002884-00003384 foreign
+skaJoVRoWuM-00004-00007120-00009883 last night
+skaJoVRoWuM-00005-00009884-00012683 so
+skaJoVRoWuM-00006-00012684-00014941 okay
+skaJoVRoWuM-00007-00014943-00016911 [Music]
+skaJoVRoWuM-00008-00016912-00019050 [Music]
+skaJoVRoWuM-00010-00022263-00023883 [Music]
+skaJoVRoWuM-00011-00023884-00024099 foreign
+skaJoVRoWuM-00012-00024100-00026683 [Music]
+skaJoVRoWuM-00013-00026683-00029483 foreign
+skaJoVRoWuM-00014-00029483-00030883 wow
+skaJoVRoWuM-00015-00030883-00032283 so
+skaJoVRoWuM-00016-00032283-00032849 so
+skaJoVRoWuM-00017-00032850-00033683 [Music]
+skaJoVRoWuM-00018-00033684-00035083 foreign
+skaJoVRoWuM-00019-00035084-00038027 foreign
+skaJoVRoWuM-00020-00038028-00038130 [Music]
+skaJoVRoWuM-00021-00038131-00039118 [Applause]
+skaJoVRoWuM-00022-00039119-00040683 christmas tree
+skaJoVRoWuM-00024-00043901-00045411 [Music]
+skaJoVRoWuM-00025-00045412-00047058 [Music]
+skaJoVRoWuM-00026-00047059-00049083 [Music]
+skaJoVRoWuM-00027-00049084-00049207 here
+skaJoVRoWuM-00029-00052272-00052384 [Music]
+skaJoVRoWuM-00030-00052385-00053282 [Laughter]
+skaJoVRoWuM-00031-00053283-00053491 oh
+skaJoVRoWuM-00032-00053491-00054682 [Music]
+skaJoVRoWuM-00033-00054683-00054824 hello
+skaJoVRoWuM-00034-00054825-00056082 [Music]
+skaJoVRoWuM-00035-00056083-00056278 do
+skaJoVRoWuM-00038-00062895-00063254 come on
+skaJoVRoWuM-00040-00067323-00067355 [Music]
+skaJoVRoWuM-00041-00067356-00068682 [Applause]
+skaJoVRoWuM-00042-00068683-00070082 oh
+skaJoVRoWuM-00043-00070083-00070949 foreign
+skaJoVRoWuM-00044-00070950-00071874 [Music]
+skaJoVRoWuM-00045-00071875-00072882 [Applause]
+skaJoVRoWuM-00046-00072883-00073854 foreign
+skaJoVRoWuM-00047-00073855-00074215 [Music]
+skaJoVRoWuM-00048-00074216-00074526 whenever your heart is broken
+skaJoVRoWuM-00049-00074527-00074927 don't ever forget your golden
+skbsj94fl9o-00000-00052221-00054016 [Music]
+skbsj94fl9o-00001-00054017-00054513 she calls it black girl loves and I see
+skbsj94fl9o-00002-00054514-00054762 fair evety feet drudging through red
+skbsj94fl9o-00003-00054763-00055071 clay dust coating her wool lips and and
+skbsj94fl9o-00004-00055072-00055347 sweat kissing her forehead she calls it
+skbsj94fl9o-00005-00055348-00055554 black girl club and I'm taken back to my
+skbsj94fl9o-00006-00055554-00055829 first time pain coupled with pleasure
+skbsj94fl9o-00007-00055830-00056081 licking the lines of uncertainty she
+skbsj94fl9o-00008-00056082-00056436 calls it black girl love and the eye
+skbsj94fl9o-00009-00056437-00056741 becomes consumed by this wave of her
+skbsj94fl9o-00010-00056742-00056928 hips the way curse wit smells
+skbsj94fl9o-00011-00056929-00057213 eight hours of beat bear trembling
+skbsj94fl9o-00012-00057214-00057413 fingers fighting to go through gates
+skbsj94fl9o-00013-00057414-00057691 they are told not to go she calls it
+skbsj94fl9o-00014-00057692-00058079 black girl love and I see myself in her
+skbsj94fl9o-00015-00058080-00058481 arms nestled against her breasts worldly
+skbsj94fl9o-00016-00058482-00058715 my fingers through her locks and
+skbsj94fl9o-00017-00058716-00058953 masturbating to the rhythm of her breath
+skbsj94fl9o-00018-00058954-00059219 she called it black girl love and I find
+skbsj94fl9o-00019-00059220-00059516 myself naked exposed strength my costume
+skbsj94fl9o-00020-00059517-00059726 removing my mask slipping into my
+skbsj94fl9o-00021-00059727-00059930 weakness and bracing up my ugliness she
+skbsj94fl9o-00022-00059932-00060244 calls it one girl love and I
+skbsj94fl9o-00023-00060245-00060623 relinquished my will to fight I
+skbsj94fl9o-00024-00060624-00060972 surrendered my part I talked in my real
+skbsj94fl9o-00025-00060973-00061301 voice and I pick up my pen
+skbsj94fl9o-00026-00061302-00062330 she calls it black girl love
+skbsj94fl9o-00027-00062332-00062707 innocence sweets
+skbsj94fl9o-00028-00062708-00063092 pure salty
+skbsj94fl9o-00029-00063094-00063755 she calls it black girl love
+skbsj94fl9o-00030-00063757-00065094 I just call it love
+skbsj94fl9o-00031-00065095-00065362 she came over last night seeking
+skbsj94fl9o-00032-00065363-00065632 conversation of an intellectual nature
+skbsj94fl9o-00034-00068800-00069171 watch I don't know what do you know what
+skbsj94fl9o-00035-00069172-00069493 I asked you first
+skbsj94fl9o-00036-00069494-00070354 I'm here for conversation remember right
+skbsj94fl9o-00037-00070355-00070607 so what's on your mind
+skbsj94fl9o-00038-00070608-00070965 I okay I'm actually trying not to think
+skbsj94fl9o-00039-00070966-00071304 about the news right now you're the one
+skbsj94fl9o-00040-00071305-00071456 who just said you wanted a conversation
+skbsj94fl9o-00041-00071457-00072218 again select read something for this
+skbsj94fl9o-00042-00072219-00072455 class I'm taking that talked about how
+skbsj94fl9o-00043-00072456-00072666 when we assume that black where women
+skbsj94fl9o-00044-00072667-00072822 are the only ones having sex worth
+skbsj94fl9o-00045-00072823-00073025 creating this personnel we place the
+skbsj94fl9o-00046-00073026-00073235 burden of sexuality studies and all that
+skbsj94fl9o-00047-00073236-00073473 weird women alike I never thought of
+skbsj94fl9o-00048-00073474-00073988 that before you know what if also so
+skbsj94fl9o-00049-00073989-00074261 surprising to hear we're always talking
+skbsj94fl9o-00050-00074262-00074541 about about speak whenever grief every
+skbsj94fl9o-00051-00074542-00074711 website that really is always about
+skbsj94fl9o-00052-00074712-00075587 criticize the fact that we don't talk
+skbsj94fl9o-00053-00075588-00075771 about black middle class break women and
+skbsj94fl9o-00054-00075772-00075903 their sexuality it'll crack all right
+skbsj94fl9o-00055-00075904-00076061 there is nothing like what are they
+skbsj94fl9o-00056-00076062-00077374 become oh we talk about and lay don't we
+skbsj94fl9o-00057-00077375-00079323 she smelled intoxicating vendor study
+skbsj94fl9o-00058-00079324-00080282 stuff and what why are you touching my
+skbsj94fl9o-00060-00083702-00085463 [Music]
+skbsj94fl9o-00061-00085464-00087003 [Music]
+skbsj94fl9o-00062-00087004-00087433 have you read got the job yeah there's
+skbsj94fl9o-00063-00087434-00087712 something about silence being as close
+skbsj94fl9o-00064-00087713-00088030 to music as you can get that should be
+skbsj94fl9o-00065-00088031-00088244 in my own apartment
+skbsj94fl9o-00066-00088245-00088606 I feel you I like having my own space
+skbsj94fl9o-00067-00088607-00089092 you know Taurus
+skbsj94fl9o-00068-00089093-00089369 have you read me Mackenzie's joint from
+skbsj94fl9o-00069-00089370-00089972 like 2013 what's it called we got free
+skbsj94fl9o-00070-00089973-00090244 no no I hadn't written yet even though
+skbsj94fl9o-00071-00090245-00090428 I'm pretty sure of Kindle right when it
+skbsj94fl9o-00072-00090429-00092203 came out
+skbsj94fl9o-00073-00092204-00093421 you know my name
+skbsj94fl9o-00076-00104089-00104478 her mouth was warm and we fit together
+skbsj94fl9o-00077-00104479-00105375 perfectly she moved with me did you
+skbsj94fl9o-00078-00105376-00105525 still need that intellectual
+skbsj94fl9o-00079-00105526-00107086 conversation we were friends at one time
+skbsj94fl9o-00080-00107088-00107328 soon after we became friends with
+skbsj94fl9o-00081-00107329-00107423 benefits
+skbsj94fl9o-00082-00107424-00107658 that you're thinking about what good
+skbsj94fl9o-00083-00107658-00107994 ones nonetheless please which night we
+skbsj94fl9o-00084-00107995-00108403 both have keys come late leave whenever
+skbsj94fl9o-00085-00108404-00109418 we were friends we were bad buddies
+skbsj94fl9o-00086-00109419-00109739 this nice if I mentioned this is nice
+skbsj94fl9o-00087-00109740-00109955 and I miss the cuddler to share your
+skbsj94fl9o-00088-00109956-00110993 warm aspect of your hand on my hip in
+skbsj94fl9o-00089-00110994-00111377 the morning or warm air saw and evenly
+skbsj94fl9o-00090-00111378-00111626 from your thick lips the ones you want
+skbsj94fl9o-00091-00111627-00111968 that were today I missed the joys of
+skbsj94fl9o-00092-00111969-00112779 waking up to sunshine cheese
+skbsj94fl9o-00093-00112780-00113163 so we made a plan a good one
+skbsj94fl9o-00094-00113164-00113562 I'm not attracted here I mean no I mean
+skbsj94fl9o-00095-00113563-00113973 of course what I mean is that I don't
+skbsj94fl9o-00096-00113974-00114165 want to sleep with me good I will come
+skbsj94fl9o-00097-00114166-00114244 up with three nights a week
+skbsj94fl9o-00098-00114245-00114426 Oh can we make it two I think you're
+skbsj94fl9o-00099-00114427-00114687 great my cats just get really upset but
+skbsj94fl9o-00100-00114688-00114958 another woman sits up in bed okay
+skbsj94fl9o-00101-00114958-00115146 I will come over two nights a week and
+skbsj94fl9o-00102-00115147-00115302 you will change the sheets before I get
+skbsj94fl9o-00103-00115303-00115488 there for me I mean obviously at home
+skbsj94fl9o-00104-00115489-00115776 training thank you and that come to your
+skbsj94fl9o-00105-00115777-00115993 place nicely perfect we're just leaking
+skbsj94fl9o-00106-00115994-00116196 buddies just sleeping I need a better
+skbsj94fl9o-00107-00116197-00116337 night's rest fool than someone else's in
+skbsj94fl9o-00108-00116338-00116553 the bed yeah insane is it just to keep
+skbsj94fl9o-00109-00116554-00116733 our team below to help us get the late
+skbsj94fl9o-00110-00116734-00116934 hours nothing more nothing less
+skbsj94fl9o-00111-00116935-00117246 it does from not attracted to each other
+skbsj94fl9o-00112-00117247-00117483 let me just think you know what I go by
+skbsj94fl9o-00113-00117484-00117810 typically you couldn't handle me anyway
+skbsj94fl9o-00114-00117811-00118645 scheme yesterday it was a perfect simple
+skbsj94fl9o-00115-00118646-00118894 beautiful plan then it got complicated
+skbsj94fl9o-00116-00118895-00119184 her skin was so stuffed this patch on
+skbsj94fl9o-00117-00119185-00119460 the right side I love her 10th rib above
+skbsj94fl9o-00118-00119461-00119754 her pelvic something I noticed it when
+skbsj94fl9o-00119-00119755-00119940 we were studying I was the big spoon
+skbsj94fl9o-00120-00119941-00120329 she's looks better when we're spooning
+skbsj94fl9o-00121-00120330-00120588 less she always smells like this right
+skbsj94fl9o-00122-00120589-00120771 out of the shower it smell your knob
+skbsj94fl9o-00123-00120772-00121107 like dust oh but coconut oil a little
+skbsj94fl9o-00124-00121108-00121458 bit naive your bonnet look fall in front
+skbsj94fl9o-00125-00121459-00121671 of my face and that cleaning herbal
+skbsj94fl9o-00126-00121672-00121911 scent always overload ring of the
+skbsj94fl9o-00127-00121912-00122119 Freedman he is betrayed when we were
+skbsj94fl9o-00128-00122120-00122334 spooning my into trouble from the front
+skbsj94fl9o-00129-00122335-00122586 of my thigh to the back of hers know
+skbsj94fl9o-00130-00122587-00122682 anything about it
+skbsj94fl9o-00131-00122683-00122820 first my link I don't
+skbsj94fl9o-00132-00122821-00123033 all day even after I shower in the
+skbsj94fl9o-00135-00130272-00130517 can we my baby Nucky's graduating today
+skbsj94fl9o-00136-00130518-00130879 I guess if it's over 6 feet tall
+skbsj94fl9o-00137-00130880-00131192 forget-me-nots a little Kim believe I
+skbsj94fl9o-00138-00131193-00131480 traveled over 600 miles to get here and
+skbsj94fl9o-00139-00131481-00131696 I'm still late I don't even know where
+skbsj94fl9o-00140-00131697-00132400 my family is right now
+skbsj94fl9o-00141-00132401-00132595 did not be celebrating my nephew's
+skbsj94fl9o-00142-00132596-00133603 graduation with a bunch of I'm slightly
+skbsj94fl9o-00143-00133604-00134185 stressed okay my flight wait then I
+skbsj94fl9o-00144-00134186-00134323 couldn't get my rental car for some
+skbsj94fl9o-00145-00134324-00135740 apparent reason right and then this
+skbsj94fl9o-00146-00135741-00136440 that's okay I'm naturally nosy they can
+skbsj94fl9o-00147-00136441-00137013 call me anytime just call you anytime
+skbsj94fl9o-00148-00137014-00137278 who are you here wishing the best oh my
+skbsj94fl9o-00149-00137279-00137461 god daughter she's the one with the
+skbsj94fl9o-00150-00137462-00137812 rhinestones on the top of the cab oh you
+skbsj94fl9o-00151-00137813-00137920 know you guys have to pay for that right
+skbsj94fl9o-00152-00137921-00138136 why no it's my graduation gift to her
+skbsj94fl9o-00153-00138137-00138328 the cab hopefully not the gown no who
+skbsj94fl9o-00154-00138329-00138523 spent hours last week making sure that
+skbsj94fl9o-00155-00138524-00138715 the rare instance the might or initials
+skbsj94fl9o-00156-00138716-00140079 perfectly so what are you doing after
+skbsj94fl9o-00157-00140080-00140494 graduation we are don't we need party
+skbsj94fl9o-00158-00140495-00140683 for my goddaughter and I don't know
+skbsj94fl9o-00159-00140684-00140923 what about you thought the same I'm
+skbsj94fl9o-00160-00140924-00141073 gonna take a family till about 9:00 and
+skbsj94fl9o-00161-00141074-00141160 then I'm gonna meet up with some friends
+skbsj94fl9o-00162-00141161-00141418 are you gonna Lake dinner friends yeah
+skbsj94fl9o-00163-00141419-00141646 yeah I don't live it anymore but when I
+skbsj94fl9o-00164-00141647-00141832 do come to town I hang out with them
+skbsj94fl9o-00165-00141833-00142023 dinner dancing a heavy dose of
+skbsj94fl9o-00166-00142024-00142376 reminiscing they're welcome to join us
+skbsj94fl9o-00167-00142377-00142518 [Music]
+skbsj94fl9o-00168-00142519-00142791 dancing and dinner with strangers this
+skbsj94fl9o-00169-00142792-00143976 sounds like fun yet and let me know what
+skbsj94fl9o-00170-00143977-00144818 anywhere and I will see you there
+skbsj94fl9o-00171-00144819-00145087 three this is D
+skbsj94fl9o-00172-00145088-00145263 we'll meet up the spot in about 30
+skbsj94fl9o-00173-00145264-00145693 minutes hopeful see you there okay I
+skbsj94fl9o-00174-00145694-00146070 will see you then
+skbsj94fl9o-00175-00146071-00146446 let's light a bath okay I just invited
+skbsj94fl9o-00176-00146447-00146691 somebody I met at the graduation please
+skbsj94fl9o-00177-00146692-00146956 be - I think she's found oh you know you
+skbsj94fl9o-00178-00146957-00147148 can't just say that without giving no
+skbsj94fl9o-00179-00147149-00147769 details no she's very cute and the name
+skbsj94fl9o-00180-00147770-00147958 is green and I don't know if she's
+skbsj94fl9o-00181-00147959-00148282 single or not we like just met bravery
+skbsj94fl9o-00182-00148283-00148461 like the green would be trying to tell
+skbsj94fl9o-00183-00148462-00148851 you about good lights Henry those grades
+skbsj94fl9o-00184-00148852-00149676 and that that's the attack - thank you
+skbsj94fl9o-00185-00149677-00150104 for inviting me
+skbsj94fl9o-00186-00150105-00151809 [Music]
+skbsj94fl9o-00187-00151810-00152370 January 7 dear diary I saw her today and
+skbsj94fl9o-00188-00152371-00152667 she still has that walk that I love she
+skbsj94fl9o-00189-00152668-00152964 looked happy too unlike the last time I
+skbsj94fl9o-00190-00152965-00153210 saw her I hope she forgives me for that
+skbsj94fl9o-00191-00153211-00153474 I was going through some things and I
+skbsj94fl9o-00192-00153475-00153639 didn't mean to take my problems out of
+skbsj94fl9o-00193-00153640-00153975 her maybe I should just send her an
+skbsj94fl9o-00194-00153976-00154239 email to say hi let her know that I saw
+skbsj94fl9o-00195-00154240-00154566 her I wonder if she's changed her email
+skbsj94fl9o-00196-00154567-00154746 and phone number I wonder if she's
+skbsj94fl9o-00197-00154747-00155130 moving January 12 she wrote me back I
+skbsj94fl9o-00198-00155131-00155337 can't believe she wrote me back she said
+skbsj94fl9o-00199-00155338-00155487 next time I should stop her and speak
+skbsj94fl9o-00200-00155488-00155718 maybe I should go back by there tomorrow
+skbsj94fl9o-00201-00155719-00155883 well she haven't been back buying the
+skbsj94fl9o-00202-00155884-00156114 last three days I wrote her back and I
+skbsj94fl9o-00203-00156115-00156459 mentioned I'm not dating anyone I want
+skbsj94fl9o-00204-00156460-00156921 to be better January 17 it's been five
+skbsj94fl9o-00205-00156922-00157179 days and she still hasn't responded to
+skbsj94fl9o-00206-00157180-00157437 my email I mean maybe I should worry if
+skbsj94fl9o-00207-00157438-00157569 you guys have a life right
+skbsj94fl9o-00208-00157570-00157860 maybe she's dating someone new she was
+skbsj94fl9o-00209-00157861-00158019 smiling with that girl she was longing
+skbsj94fl9o-00210-00158020-00158562 with someone new I told her I wasn't
+skbsj94fl9o-00211-00158563-00159710 dating anyone
+skbsj94fl9o-00212-00159711-00159902 [Music]
+skbsj94fl9o-00213-00159903-00160125 you know let's eat
+skbsj94fl9o-00214-00160126-00161169 cranberry in the magazine maybe uh first
+skbsj94fl9o-00215-00161170-00161328 January 18th
+skbsj94fl9o-00216-00161329-00161635 I saw her back for murder starting to
+skbsj94fl9o-00217-00161636-00161848 get worried I called the hospital and
+skbsj94fl9o-00218-00161849-00162627 the police department I worry about her
+skbsj94fl9o-00219-00162628-00162820 daughter I mean yes I messed up I
+skbsj94fl9o-00220-00162821-00163033 apologize but her family can't stop me
+skbsj94fl9o-00221-00163034-00163270 from loving her she forgave me and she
+skbsj94fl9o-00222-00163271-00163479 told me next time I see her just be and
+skbsj94fl9o-00223-00163480-00163704 she replied back to my email I just need
+skbsj94fl9o-00224-00163705-00163865 to call me let me know everything's okay
+skbsj94fl9o-00225-00163866-00164216 just try to love her January 20 is I
+skbsj94fl9o-00226-00164217-00164484 can't believe she still hasn't called me
+skbsj94fl9o-00227-00164485-00164758 I've been out of my way to medicine
+skbsj94fl9o-00228-00164759-00165043 include by her house I even left a note
+skbsj94fl9o-00229-00165044-00165262 to let her know who's me you think she'd
+skbsj94fl9o-00230-00165263-00165637 at least call to say thank you so I
+skbsj94fl9o-00231-00165638-00165898 called her all this morning and three
+skbsj94fl9o-00232-00165899-00165973 times last night
+skbsj94fl9o-00233-00165974-00166174 no one answered so I went by her house
+skbsj94fl9o-00234-00166175-00166413 last night rang the doorbell stood in
+skbsj94fl9o-00235-00166414-00166701 the cold rain for 30 minutes and no one
+skbsj94fl9o-00236-00166702-00166975 answered the door where was she
+skbsj94fl9o-00237-00166976-00167325 I don't know why she wants to play these
+skbsj94fl9o-00238-00167326-00167587 games she knows that I'm a friend and
+skbsj94fl9o-00239-00167588-00167900 I'm sorry I've changed
+skbsj94fl9o-00240-00167901-00168161 even if you got my old job back on the
+skbsj94fl9o-00241-00168162-00168434 child basis but I know I'll make it I
+skbsj94fl9o-00242-00168435-00168640 just need her to call me let me know
+skbsj94fl9o-00243-00168641-00168850 she's okay
+skbsj94fl9o-00244-00168851-00170057 January 24 finally she said she got my
+skbsj94fl9o-00245-00170058-00170288 care package my voicemail my emails
+skbsj94fl9o-00246-00170289-00170582 apparently she was out of town I mean
+skbsj94fl9o-00247-00170583-00170744 I'm glad she wasn't sick or anything but
+skbsj94fl9o-00248-00170745-00171008 she was still rude she even ignored me
+skbsj94fl9o-00249-00171009-00171233 while she was at home I saw her moving
+skbsj94fl9o-00250-00171234-00171962 around her house hundreds of parts we
+skbsj94fl9o-00251-00171963-00172328 even left a beautiful handmade one today
+skbsj94fl9o-00252-00172329-00172601 I made a photo album billed pictures
+skbsj94fl9o-00253-00172602-00172844 from back when we were happy before I
+skbsj94fl9o-00254-00172845-00173156 let my problems mess us up but after all
+skbsj94fl9o-00255-00173157-00173440 that she still told me not to contact
+skbsj94fl9o-00256-00173441-00173510 her anymore
+skbsj94fl9o-00257-00173511-00173861 I would have done more but I broke they
+skbsj94fl9o-00258-00173862-00174086 fired me for missing days because I was
+skbsj94fl9o-00259-00174087-00174328 worried about her being sick she made me
+skbsj94fl9o-00260-00174329-00174602 lose my job but that's okay she'll make
+skbsj94fl9o-00261-00174603-00174839 it up to me when we are together I'll do
+skbsj94fl9o-00262-00174840-00174977 all the cooking and cleaning while she's
+skbsj94fl9o-00263-00174978-00175163 at work and we'll have a perfect house
+skbsj94fl9o-00264-00175164-00175394 with kids and a dog she's allergic to
+skbsj94fl9o-00265-00175395-00175445 cats
+skbsj94fl9o-00266-00175446-00175856 January 25th hi I love her I don't
+skbsj94fl9o-00267-00175857-00176072 understand why she can't understand that
+skbsj94fl9o-00268-00176073-00176333 I mean I try to explain but she just
+skbsj94fl9o-00269-00176334-00176444 wouldn't listen she just would not
+skbsj94fl9o-00270-00176445-00176534 listen to me
+skbsj94fl9o-00271-00176535-00176699 and I only held her down so she would
+skbsj94fl9o-00272-00176700-00176858 just shut up and listen to what I was
+skbsj94fl9o-00273-00176859-00177068 trying to evade she started screaming
+skbsj94fl9o-00274-00177069-00177182 and hollering at me
+skbsj94fl9o-00275-00177183-00177320 so I had to do something to calm her
+skbsj94fl9o-00276-00177321-00177490 down right here you know like they do in
+skbsj94fl9o-00277-00177491-00177703 the movie except it didn't work she kept
+skbsj94fl9o-00278-00177704-00177853 like screaming and hollering at me she
+skbsj94fl9o-00279-00177854-00178115 kept screaming at me why does she want
+skbsj94fl9o-00280-00178116-00178390 me to leave I was only trying to love
+skbsj94fl9o-00281-00178391-00178441 her
+skbsj94fl9o-00282-00178442-00178709 I kept covering her face hoping that she
+skbsj94fl9o-00283-00178710-00178970 would just be quiet for one witness and
+skbsj94fl9o-00284-00178971-00179156 up trying to let me talk and the time
+skbsj94fl9o-00285-00179157-00179423 for me to show her how much I
+skbsj94fl9o-00286-00179424-00179706 of a hand-written cards they wrote for
+skbsj94fl9o-00287-00179707-00180003 her other roses I picked for her all the
+skbsj94fl9o-00288-00180004-00180255 pictures I took of her smiling and
+skbsj94fl9o-00289-00180256-00180441 laughing with others network with me
+skbsj94fl9o-00290-00180442-00181011 never with me she wants to cry and tell
+skbsj94fl9o-00291-00181012-00181311 me leave I can't do that
+skbsj94fl9o-00292-00181312-00181803 and she knows that she's mine forever
+skbsj94fl9o-00293-00181804-00182244 I kept covering her face even after she
+skbsj94fl9o-00294-00182245-00182385 stopped moving and I heard nothing from
+skbsj94fl9o-00295-00182386-00182850 her no more cleaning for me to stop no
+skbsj94fl9o-00296-00182851-00183132 we're asking me to leave I kept my hands
+skbsj94fl9o-00297-00183133-00183366 there just long enough for her to listen
+skbsj94fl9o-00298-00183367-00183615 to what I was trying to tell her and
+skbsj94fl9o-00299-00183616-00183861 then I just got too tired and I had to
+skbsj94fl9o-00300-00183862-00183915 rest
+skbsj94fl9o-00301-00183916-00184416 he was already asleep Lane was I'm human
+skbsj94fl9o-00302-00184417-00184850 it should only me put my arms around her
+skbsj94fl9o-00303-00184851-00185334 waiting waiting for her to wake up so we
+skbsj94fl9o-00304-00185335-00185800 could be together
+skbsj94fl9o-00306-00189548-00189845 purple purple purple purple was the
+skbsj94fl9o-00307-00189846-00190040 color of the shirt that she wore when I
+skbsj94fl9o-00308-00190041-00190271 first met her I remember because he was
+skbsj94fl9o-00309-00190272-00190640 loud and not huge I'm sorry babe it was
+skbsj94fl9o-00310-00190641-00190904 like at least not on her it's a little
+skbsj94fl9o-00311-00190905-00191096 too tight and it had this overabundance
+skbsj94fl9o-00312-00191097-00191282 of buttons and flaps and it made it look
+skbsj94fl9o-00313-00191283-00191641 like some cadet Kelly reject issue Wow
+skbsj94fl9o-00314-00191642-00191990 also noticed your eyes because when she
+skbsj94fl9o-00315-00191991-00192185 smiled you could tell it was genuine
+skbsj94fl9o-00316-00192186-00192632 because I stayed in town after we met
+skbsj94fl9o-00317-00192633-00192836 and I started bumping into her
+skbsj94fl9o-00318-00192837-00193019 everywhere I went I even jokingly
+skbsj94fl9o-00319-00193020-00193250 accused her of stock he waited and from
+skbsj94fl9o-00320-00193251-00193769 the way she laughs at my accusation I
+skbsj94fl9o-00321-00193770-00193970 didn't know how to make it happen so I
+skbsj94fl9o-00322-00193971-00194207 made excuses to text her and the
+skbsj94fl9o-00323-00194208-00194417 occasional tax led to us calling before
+skbsj94fl9o-00324-00194418-00194621 each function to see the other one would
+skbsj94fl9o-00325-00194622-00194822 make an appearance which almost always
+skbsj94fl9o-00326-00194823-00195095 led to carpool it was like a date so it
+skbsj94fl9o-00327-00195096-00195368 kind of but not we talked about
+skbsj94fl9o-00328-00195369-00195947 everything politics would say yeah we
+skbsj94fl9o-00329-00195948-00196832 just kept coming back erotic red and my
+skbsj94fl9o-00330-00196833-00197194 over bun is Laura your
+skbsj94fl9o-00331-00197195-00197806 Oh hold on oh you do you work and I
+skbsj94fl9o-00332-00197807-00198007 remember the conversation I was talking
+skbsj94fl9o-00333-00198008-00198322 about my latest whoever and you said if
+skbsj94fl9o-00334-00198323-00198862 it was so great why call me after you
+skbsj94fl9o-00335-00198863-00199087 could have had me so then I said you
+skbsj94fl9o-00336-00199088-00199246 don't even want to be with me so why are
+skbsj94fl9o-00337-00199247-00199330 you being like this
+skbsj94fl9o-00338-00199331-00199549 but we sat on the phone in silence for
+skbsj94fl9o-00339-00199550-00201265 five minutes and I said I do so we went
+skbsj94fl9o-00340-00201266-00201484 out to dinner and on the surface is
+skbsj94fl9o-00341-00201485-00201673 nothing unusual happened um nice dry
+skbsj94fl9o-00342-00201674-00202045 touch hands all night what she fasted of
+skbsj94fl9o-00343-00202046-00202189 thought my hands and touch my bass with
+skbsj94fl9o-00344-00202190-00202396 the butter my hands inside and every
+skbsj94fl9o-00345-00202397-00202624 time I hands touch it was like time
+skbsj94fl9o-00346-00202625-00202936 Stood Still and I've never asked you
+skbsj94fl9o-00347-00202937-00203155 what made you want more than just dinner
+skbsj94fl9o-00348-00203156-00203253 that night
+skbsj94fl9o-00349-00203254-00203674 purple you were purple the first time I
+skbsj94fl9o-00350-00203675-00204108 met you and any word at dinner oh no I
+skbsj94fl9o-00351-00204109-00204583 just knew I couldn't get you or that
+skbsj94fl9o-00352-00204584-00204898 color out of my mind until I got you out
+skbsj94fl9o-00354-00210123-00210809 [Applause]
+skbsj94fl9o-00355-00210810-00211008 look at me
+skbsj94fl9o-00356-00211009-00211671 let you even offer to help me now a wet
+skbsj94fl9o-00357-00211672-00211823 dress
+skbsj94fl9o-00358-00211825-00214677 [Applause]
+skbsj94fl9o-00360-00217846-00218073 came out as genderqueer I didn't plan on
+skbsj94fl9o-00361-00218075-00218269 making any physical or permanent changes
+skbsj94fl9o-00362-00218269-00218446 to my body so I didn't think people
+skbsj94fl9o-00363-00218446-00218713 would get it you know it was like I was
+skbsj94fl9o-00364-00218714-00218977 having this huge eternal realization and
+skbsj94fl9o-00365-00218978-00219219 transformation but it was happening for
+skbsj94fl9o-00366-00219221-00220492 me and I thought that I wouldn't like
+skbsj94fl9o-00367-00220492-00220707 I'm saying I've heard have been so
+skbsj94fl9o-00368-00220708-00221050 embedded and you know it's like the
+skbsj94fl9o-00369-00221051-00221212 first time that I've really loved my
+skbsj94fl9o-00370-00221213-00221344 body you know
+skbsj94fl9o-00371-00221344-00221653 oh it's like the people who loved me who
+skbsj94fl9o-00372-00221654-00221839 still see me as a woman I just feel like
+skbsj94fl9o-00373-00221840-00222067 I couldn't fully exist with them because
+skbsj94fl9o-00374-00222067-00222365 they thought I was someone who I wasn't
+skbsj94fl9o-00375-00222366-00222650 but you know it's not like the act of
+skbsj94fl9o-00376-00222651-00222827 saying I'm not a woman has changed I
+skbsj94fl9o-00377-00222828-00223085 live in my body but tell me if this is
+skbsj94fl9o-00378-00223086-00224285 TMI it's about Mike Casey I mean okay
+skbsj94fl9o-00379-00224286-00224477 Bay and I've always had no sex yeah
+skbsj94fl9o-00380-00224478-00225029 obviously but it's like I'm having sex I
+skbsj94fl9o-00381-00225030-00225202 don't know what it is if I'm just like
+skbsj94fl9o-00382-00225203-00225448 breathing deeper my left
+skbsj94fl9o-00383-00225450-00225833 10:21 ground was like before I felt like
+skbsj94fl9o-00384-00225834-00226019 I was kind of watching myself have sex
+skbsj94fl9o-00386-00229080-00229979 white supremacists
+skbsj94fl9o-00387-00229980-00230534 I don't know please behave and I see
+skbsj94fl9o-00388-00230535-00233023 yourself and no more barbecue
+skbsj94fl9o-00390-00236992-00237448 she wants me to mentally her pain
+skbsj94fl9o-00391-00237449-00237934 away pretend we more than just a to
+skbsj94fl9o-00392-00237935-00238828 nightstand memories of and I'm not a
+skbsj94fl9o-00393-00238829-00239165 woman liquor drive blood clot tenders so
+skbsj94fl9o-00394-00239166-00239398 I passed this time while explaining why
+skbsj94fl9o-00395-00239399-00239635 as she puts me once again on the
+skbsj94fl9o-00396-00239636-00239915 sidelines of her life catching drip
+skbsj94fl9o-00397-00239916-00240678 drops of her she's starting to bore me
+skbsj94fl9o-00398-00240679-00240989 and and the hunger in me isn't being fed
+skbsj94fl9o-00399-00240990-00241282 I'm Mitchell Ruggles echoing in a space
+skbsj94fl9o-00400-00241283-00241627 long ago occupied by her so why even
+skbsj94fl9o-00401-00241628-00241960 bother standing on the sidelines front
+skbsj94fl9o-00402-00241961-00242155 lines of her life it isn't something
+skbsj94fl9o-00403-00242156-00242389 that interests me anymore
+skbsj94fl9o-00404-00242390-00242832 [Music]
+skbsj94fl9o-00405-00242833-00243253 and did I mention a board or should I
+skbsj94fl9o-00406-00243254-00243547 stress we've been here before easing
+skbsj94fl9o-00407-00243548-00243914 pain with band-aids a faint love fake
+skbsj94fl9o-00408-00243915-00244207 one fake wetness seeping from pins of
+skbsj94fl9o-00409-00244208-00244771 invisible ink and she says she says I
+skbsj94fl9o-00410-00244772-00245467 understand her like no other
+skbsj94fl9o-00411-00245469-00245894 I say she misunderstands me
+skbsj94fl9o-00412-00245896-00246423 like no other
+skbsj94fl9o-00413-00246425-00247542 [Music]
+skbsj94fl9o-00414-00247544-00248039 pretending we're friends until Simon
+skbsj94fl9o-00415-00248040-00248162 finds us again
+skbsj94fl9o-00416-00248163-00248510 time passes again and we part once again
+skbsj94fl9o-00417-00248511-00250256 I'm hungry I met a new friend a new
+skbsj94fl9o-00418-00250257-00250567 friend yeah what did you meet her and
+skbsj94fl9o-00419-00250569-00250937 why am I just now about it she's yummy a
+skbsj94fl9o-00420-00250938-00251114 lot a few weeks ago on Facebook said
+skbsj94fl9o-00421-00251115-00251314 she's seen me before out Annabelle
+skbsj94fl9o-00422-00251315-00251642 honestly oK we've been talking a little
+skbsj94fl9o-00423-00251642-00251825 bit more recently and she wants to hang
+skbsj94fl9o-00424-00251826-00252065 up sometimes I wouldn't have even
+skbsj94fl9o-00425-00252066-00252442 responded but I'm tired of sitting alone
+skbsj94fl9o-00426-00252444-00252710 at home each night and and like I said
+skbsj94fl9o-00427-00252711-00253040 we're just friends okay so what are you
+skbsj94fl9o-00428-00253041-00253253 hanging out with us in front this
+skbsj94fl9o-00429-00253254-00253529 weekend we're gonna check out that new
+skbsj94fl9o-00430-00253530-00253729 sushi place that I mentioned to you you
+skbsj94fl9o-00431-00253730-00254029 know the one that I asked you to go to
+skbsj94fl9o-00432-00254030-00254248 so you're just the spot even tell me
+skbsj94fl9o-00433-00254250-00254501 about it I didn't have to tell you at
+skbsj94fl9o-00434-00254502-00254789 all it's not like you care what I do on
+skbsj94fl9o-00435-00254790-00254971 the weekends anyway as long as I'm there
+skbsj94fl9o-00436-00254973-00255196 when you catch five minutes away from
+skbsj94fl9o-00437-00255198-00255469 her how can you say that you know I work
+skbsj94fl9o-00438-00255471-00255581 hard to spend more than just five
+skbsj94fl9o-00439-00255582-00255767 minutes with you only again yeah oh the
+skbsj94fl9o-00440-00255767-00256079 damn phone we've been doing this for
+skbsj94fl9o-00441-00256080-00256373 like six months now and I just started
+skbsj94fl9o-00442-00256373-00256490 getting calls from you in the weekend
+skbsj94fl9o-00443-00256491-00256733 last month and and once again that's
+skbsj94fl9o-00444-00256734-00257155 when she's not around I'm tired of this
+skbsj94fl9o-00445-00257156-00257471 I'm sorry you're right you shouldn't be
+skbsj94fl9o-00446-00257471-00257596 alone and you shouldn't have to spend
+skbsj94fl9o-00447-00257598-00257944 the weekends by yourself I'm sorry I put
+skbsj94fl9o-00448-00257946-00258110 you through this I'm sorry too
+skbsj94fl9o-00449-00258111-00258338 scared to just break up with her I do
+skbsj94fl9o-00450-00258339-00258721 want to be with you okay
+skbsj94fl9o-00451-00258723-00258907 I can't love you enough to give you up
+skbsj94fl9o-00452-00258908-00259127 I'm sorry but this news right
+skbsj94fl9o-00453-00259128-00259319 can give you what you need something
+skbsj94fl9o-00454-00259319-00259958 that I want to give you I'm sorry I'm
+skbsj94fl9o-00455-00259959-00260387 sorry too I love myself enough to let
+skbsj94fl9o-00456-00260388-00260456 you go
+skbsj94fl9o-00457-00260457-00260867 I need more D I'll break up with her
+skbsj94fl9o-00458-00260867-00261398 tonight okay okay
+skbsj94fl9o-00459-00261398-00261641 I'll meet you on fifth in about an hour
+skbsj94fl9o-00460-00261642-00261928 maybe two depending on how this goes
+skbsj94fl9o-00461-00261929-00264156 okay I'll meet you there
+skbsj94fl9o-00462-00264157-00265037 [Music]
+skbsj94fl9o-00463-00265038-00267364 [Music]
+skbsj94fl9o-00464-00267365-00267751 you happy you're so good at it baby
+skbsj94fl9o-00465-00267752-00268005 thank you what kind of cake put your
+skbsj94fl9o-00466-00268006-00268375 face monday from the box like I said
+skbsj94fl9o-00467-00268376-00268998 don't get too excited it's perfect
+skbsj94fl9o-00468-00268999-00269184 unfortunately I have a meeting to go to
+skbsj94fl9o-00469-00269185-00271815 downtown me why would you say that babe
+skbsj94fl9o-00470-00271816-00272842 We Need to Talk
+skbsj94fl9o-00471-00272843-00273234 I'm done with this so this this half-ass
+skbsj94fl9o-00472-00273235-00273571 relationship this pretending that we
+skbsj94fl9o-00473-00273572-00273787 still care when we both know you down
+skbsj94fl9o-00474-00273788-00274075 we're just existing and I'm tired of
+skbsj94fl9o-00475-00274076-00274417 listening with you I want more from life
+skbsj94fl9o-00476-00274418-00275223 I deserve more from life so I'm done I'm
+skbsj94fl9o-00477-00275224-00275740 I'm in love I met her months ago we were
+skbsj94fl9o-00478-00275741-00276142 talking falling in love and she wants us
+skbsj94fl9o-00479-00276143-00276501 to be together okay she deserves better
+skbsj94fl9o-00480-00276502-00276766 I deserve better and I'm ready to give
+skbsj94fl9o-00481-00276767-00277085 her all of me okay
+skbsj94fl9o-00482-00277086-00277375 besides I didn't even notice whether or
+skbsj94fl9o-00483-00277376-00277597 not I was here I mean we're barely we're
+skbsj94fl9o-00484-00277598-00277894 barely existing together we wake up from
+skbsj94fl9o-00485-00277895-00278074 the sleep just I was routine we don't
+skbsj94fl9o-00486-00278075-00278422 even want to be I didn't remember
+skbsj94fl9o-00487-00278423-00278620 I didn't remember our anniversary I
+skbsj94fl9o-00488-00278621-00278832 don't remember the last one kiss we
+skbsj94fl9o-00489-00278833-00279624 shared we have happening in the bathroom
+skbsj94fl9o-00490-00279625-00281876 okay I I want to get to know someone
+skbsj94fl9o-00491-00281877-00282112 because he found someone else to live
+skbsj94fl9o-00492-00282113-00282475 instead of working on us what you want a
+skbsj94fl9o-00493-00282476-00283287 damn cookie a something go anymore
+skbsj94fl9o-00494-00283288-00284604 you and the new tip
+skbsj94fl9o-00495-00284605-00285428 you
+skbsj94fl9o-00496-00285429-00286619 [Music]
+skbsj94fl9o-00497-00286620-00287149 [Music]
+skbsj94fl9o-00498-00287150-00289418 [Music]
+skbsj94fl9o-00499-00289419-00291989 I actually just made plans with someone
+skbsj94fl9o-00500-00291990-00292202 and I think they might need some support
+skbsj94fl9o-00501-00292203-00292385 I think they just broke up with their
+skbsj94fl9o-00502-00292386-00292903 girl tomorrow
+skbsj94fl9o-00503-00292904-00293587 perfect oh great I'll see you then hmm
+skbsj94fl9o-00504-00293588-00293786 where's that didn't I
+skbsj94fl9o-00506-00296968-00297222 I can still taste you in the back of my
+skbsj94fl9o-00507-00297223-00297610 throat try to erase it
+skbsj94fl9o-00508-00297611-00297884 fingers pushed into like I'd still not
+skbsj94fl9o-00509-00297885-00298109 reach drinking from your well is
+skbsj94fl9o-00510-00298110-00298313 something like a No
+skbsj94fl9o-00511-00298314-00298517 still thirsty from the last time as we
+skbsj94fl9o-00512-00298518-00298900 try me harder I think to grow my love to
+skbsj94fl9o-00513-00298901-00299155 see yours the ground has grown dry
+skbsj94fl9o-00514-00299156-00299489 marinade Myrtle as we pretend pretend
+skbsj94fl9o-00515-00299490-00299642 that life is right
+skbsj94fl9o-00516-00299643-00299939 and that we are doing right by being
+skbsj94fl9o-00517-00299940-00300526 here time passes as the beam passes for
+skbsj94fl9o-00518-00300527-00300759 you for us
+skbsj94fl9o-00519-00300760-00301078 gray veins no longer beats for in your
+skbsj94fl9o-00520-00301079-00303414 arms I'm passing on that hit this time
+skbsj94fl9o-00521-00303415-00303765 why because because it's not a
+skbsj94fl9o-00522-00303766-00304052 answer card what the okay
+skbsj94fl9o-00523-00304053-00304348 no I'm gonna answer not disturb it now d
+skbsj94fl9o-00524-00304349-00304634 we've talked about this before there's
+skbsj94fl9o-00525-00304635-00305148 no easy answer that it's it's just
+skbsj94fl9o-00526-00305149-00305507 it's time it's time to end this I
+skbsj94fl9o-00527-00305508-00305885 mean we've been here before you've
+skbsj94fl9o-00528-00305886-00306222 changed and I did not sign up for this
+skbsj94fl9o-00529-00306223-00306519 oh so it's my fault you know what I'm
+skbsj94fl9o-00530-00306520-00307303 coming over
+skbsj94fl9o-00531-00307304-00307628 where is she
+skbsj94fl9o-00532-00307629-00307996 I told you on the phone she wasn't here
+skbsj94fl9o-00533-00307997-00308282 where see you her why don't you
+skbsj94fl9o-00534-00308283-00308414 here on a Saturday night with my
+skbsj94fl9o-00535-00308415-00308678 girlfriend she's not here because I
+skbsj94fl9o-00536-00308679-00308888 didn't invite her new invite her here
+skbsj94fl9o-00537-00308889-00309038 all the other times you were her
+skbsj94fl9o-00538-00309039-00309278 the other times you start arguments with
+skbsj94fl9o-00539-00309279-00309485 me to keep me away from here to keep me
+skbsj94fl9o-00540-00309486-00309808 away from you what do you want me to say
+skbsj94fl9o-00541-00309809-00310286 yes I invited her yes I her but
+skbsj94fl9o-00542-00310287-00310535 you know that already so why are you
+skbsj94fl9o-00543-00310536-00310760 here I'm here to send a in the
+skbsj94fl9o-00544-00310761-00311000 face who cheated on me that's why I'm
+skbsj94fl9o-00545-00311001-00311944 here so I'm a now
+skbsj94fl9o-00546-00311945-00312274 on the same that carries your
+skbsj94fl9o-00547-00312275-00312507 Aspen six months when you didn't have a
+skbsj94fl9o-00548-00312508-00312825 job I'm just a that's been dealing
+skbsj94fl9o-00549-00312826-00313012 with you trying to figure out if you're
+skbsj94fl9o-00550-00313013-00313321 a lesbian or some other for the
+skbsj94fl9o-00551-00313322-00313522 last year I mean what the is
+skbsj94fl9o-00552-00313523-00314062 genderqueer anyway but you know what
+skbsj94fl9o-00553-00314063-00314374 I'm also the same that knows your
+skbsj94fl9o-00554-00314375-00314617 sorry ass cheated on me with my
+skbsj94fl9o-00555-00314618-00314856 so-called best friends so I'll be that
+skbsj94fl9o-00556-00314857-00315090 well what should I call you
+skbsj94fl9o-00557-00315091-00316766 what do you call a with no gender
+skbsj94fl9o-00558-00316767-00319140 I'm done
+skbsj94fl9o-00559-00319141-00319378 do you even want to be here car do you
+skbsj94fl9o-00560-00319379-00319633 know do you get mad at me for asking
+skbsj94fl9o-00561-00319634-00319780 questions but it's because you're not
+skbsj94fl9o-00562-00319781-00319897 doing your own personal work and
+skbsj94fl9o-00563-00319898-00320116 assignment resentment I'm not
+skbsj94fl9o-00564-00320117-00320545 doing it I'm not too much I'm gonna say
+skbsj94fl9o-00565-00320546-00320791 anything I'm listen I'm done talking
+skbsj94fl9o-00566-00320792-00321274 I've been done talking so much for you I
+skbsj94fl9o-00567-00321275-00321499 come home from work I hope you process
+skbsj94fl9o-00568-00321500-00321733 your day I cook for you I smoke
+skbsj94fl9o-00569-00321734-00321964 you out with your side and nothing it's
+skbsj94fl9o-00570-00321965-00322120 like you're taking my labor for
+skbsj94fl9o-00571-00322121-00322306 granted and I'm tired of it yo I need
+skbsj94fl9o-00572-00322307-00322522 some damn action it is like you're not
+skbsj94fl9o-00573-00322523-00322765 even here yo you're being so
+skbsj94fl9o-00574-00322766-00322981 aggressive right now and I need you to
+skbsj94fl9o-00575-00322982-00323137 stop because right now you
+skbsj94fl9o-00576-00323138-00323221 kidding me
+skbsj94fl9o-00577-00323222-00323991 nah I'm serious watch your mouth
+skbsj94fl9o-00578-00323992-00324340 I'm sorry that I haven't been showing up
+skbsj94fl9o-00579-00324341-00324673 for you I wanted to the best stuff
+skbsj94fl9o-00580-00324674-00324976 in this so sometimes I don't want to
+skbsj94fl9o-00581-00324977-00325231 cause you harm and I don't do anything I
+skbsj94fl9o-00582-00325232-00325554 need to work on that I know I do
+skbsj94fl9o-00583-00325555-00325969 I'm committed to that process okay but I
+skbsj94fl9o-00584-00325970-00326182 can't not be afraid that you're gonna
+skbsj94fl9o-00585-00326183-00326440 blow our damn apartment up every time I
+skbsj94fl9o-00586-00326441-00326956 up I'm trying my best to show up to
+skbsj94fl9o-00587-00326957-00327160 this single home we breathe every day I
+skbsj94fl9o-00588-00327161-00327421 tried my best to show up and I had my
+skbsj94fl9o-00589-00327422-00327655 shits heard one but to keep it
+skbsj94fl9o-00590-00327656-00328002 completely honest
+skbsj94fl9o-00591-00328003-00328334 I'm doing the best that I can oh my god
+skbsj94fl9o-00592-00328335-00328494 see this is the that blows my mind
+skbsj94fl9o-00593-00328495-00328746 about you do you really think that I
+skbsj94fl9o-00594-00328747-00328902 might try my best are you should be a
+skbsj94fl9o-00595-00328903-00329268 penny right now but I'm being upfront
+skbsj94fl9o-00596-00329269-00329526 about my feelings I'm telling you
+skbsj94fl9o-00597-00329527-00329724 honestly what's on my mind and heart and
+skbsj94fl9o-00598-00329725-00329982 I'm still showing up for you I don't
+skbsj94fl9o-00599-00329983-00330138 even understand how you can ask me if
+skbsj94fl9o-00600-00330139-00330369 I'm really charming it's about actions
+skbsj94fl9o-00601-00330370-00330702 kai not just saying and trying you have
+skbsj94fl9o-00602-00330703-00330945 to do you have to be proactive in your
+skbsj94fl9o-00603-00330946-00331128 life and what you want in is like and
+skbsj94fl9o-00604-00331129-00331293 what you're willing to do to do get to
+skbsj94fl9o-00605-00331294-00331623 it and it seems like quite frankly in
+skbsj94fl9o-00606-00331624-00331859 this relationship and other aspects of
+skbsj94fl9o-00607-00331860-00332004 your life you might even do that so yeah
+skbsj94fl9o-00608-00332005-00333108 I'm asking you here even charm just
+skbsj94fl9o-00609-00333109-00333203 saying you need
+skbsj94fl9o-00610-00333204-00333572 look at yourself and see why is that you
+skbsj94fl9o-00611-00333573-00334014 actually resist closeness these
+skbsj94fl9o-00612-00334015-00334277 expectations for yourself and you didn't
+skbsj94fl9o-00613-00334278-00334385 make it because you didn't put in the
+skbsj94fl9o-00614-00334386-00334430 work
+skbsj94fl9o-00615-00334431-00334713 how many times have I reached out to you
+skbsj94fl9o-00616-00334714-00334928 and you closed yourself off on me or you
+skbsj94fl9o-00617-00334929-00335467 can agitate it when I check in you talk
+skbsj94fl9o-00618-00335468-00335768 but are you integrating any of that in
+skbsj94fl9o-00619-00335769-00336203 your life in ours yeah Jenny and trying
+skbsj94fl9o-00620-00336204-00336414 isn't working anymore you have to do and
+skbsj94fl9o-00621-00336415-00336755 yes there are things I need from you to
+skbsj94fl9o-00622-00336756-00337259 do it for yourself first you're right
+skbsj94fl9o-00623-00337260-00337616 and everything you just said I can't
+skbsj94fl9o-00624-00337617-00337689 deny it
+skbsj94fl9o-00625-00337690-00337887 I'm literally just in I have my to
+skbsj94fl9o-00626-00337888-00338360 work on Bree I'm not proud of Who I am
+skbsj94fl9o-00627-00338361-00338602 I don't like the fact that I have
+skbsj94fl9o-00628-00338603-00338803 communication blocks and issues with
+skbsj94fl9o-00629-00338804-00339068 consistency now at this point I can
+skbsj94fl9o-00630-00339069-00339534 barely keep a promise to myself
+skbsj94fl9o-00631-00339535-00339867 I'm not used to being connected with
+skbsj94fl9o-00632-00339868-00340209 someone do you even want to be what we
+skbsj94fl9o-00633-00340210-00340356 have one argument you're ready to call
+skbsj94fl9o-00634-00340357-00340554 it also I need to know where we stand in
+skbsj94fl9o-00635-00340555-00340704 this I'm not trying to have you break my
+skbsj94fl9o-00636-00340705-00340833 heart but I don't know what's gonna
+skbsj94fl9o-00637-00340834-00341234 happen breathe yes I like you right now
+skbsj94fl9o-00638-00341235-00341637 and I want to be with you but I cannot
+skbsj94fl9o-00639-00341638-00342053 predict the future I want to be in this
+skbsj94fl9o-00640-00342054-00342774 I'm in this I'm sorry I'm sorry I'm
+skbsj94fl9o-00641-00342775-00343191 sorry I'm sorry for yelling my clients
+skbsj94fl9o-00642-00343192-00343713 young enough to last us seven years I'm
+skbsj94fl9o-00643-00343714-00344179 sorry
+skbsj94fl9o-00644-00344180-00344620 I can communicate better I'm trying but
+skbsj94fl9o-00645-00344621-00344776 I can try hard do that salutely could
+skbsj94fl9o-00646-00344777-00345337 man I'm not with you a little friends
+skbsj94fl9o-00647-00345338-00346026 man whoa that means I can send it to
+skbsj94fl9o-00648-00346027-00348032 [Music]
+skbsj94fl9o-00649-00348033-00348518 until you and I can do that but I need
+skbsj94fl9o-00650-00348519-00348641 you to give me a little more time in
+skbsj94fl9o-00651-00348642-00348857 space to do a on my own before I
+skbsj94fl9o-00652-00348858-00349187 bring it to you I want to share but you
+skbsj94fl9o-00653-00349188-00349445 know sometimes it's like your mind goes
+skbsj94fl9o-00654-00349446-00349676 ten miles a minute and your show
+skbsj94fl9o-00655-00349677-00349805 strength about something back
+skbsj94fl9o-00656-00349806-00350174 I just process so baby I mean it's in a
+skbsj94fl9o-00657-00350175-00350269 loving way
+skbsj94fl9o-00658-00350270-00350675 sometimes you gotta chew I don't know
+skbsj94fl9o-00659-00350676-00353542 just slow down I'm right here
+skbsj94fl9o-00660-00353543-00353880 she promised after the last time that
+skbsj94fl9o-00661-00353881-00354126 that would be the last time it wasn't
+skbsj94fl9o-00662-00354127-00354388 she promised the last time before
+skbsj94fl9o-00663-00354389-00354541 blessing that we would seek counseling
+skbsj94fl9o-00664-00354542-00354745 of some sort of treatment I made an
+skbsj94fl9o-00665-00354746-00354892 appointment she didn't show it wasn't
+skbsj94fl9o-00666-00354893-00355126 your mom life and living cactus with
+skbsj94fl9o-00667-00355127-00355342 Billy and hot day happened to be really
+skbsj94fl9o-00668-00355343-00355576 busy later she promised ones to
+skbsj94fl9o-00669-00355577-00355774 apologize to my mother her bees and her
+skbsj94fl9o-00670-00355775-00355969 daughter she wrote it down and worried
+skbsj94fl9o-00671-00355970-00356160 forward obviously was going to say I
+skbsj94fl9o-00672-00356161-00356401 mail it I said no no this has to be
+skbsj94fl9o-00673-00356402-00356575 spoken face-to-face son didn't ask me
+skbsj94fl9o-00674-00356576-00356740 that I didn't expect it it wasn't
+skbsj94fl9o-00675-00356741-00356901 surprised when it didn't happen the
+skbsj94fl9o-00676-00356902-00357102 letter or the apology she promised me
+skbsj94fl9o-00677-00357103-00357378 the Sun Moon and stars and death
+skbsj94fl9o-00678-00357379-00357544 delivered me to a hospital your honor
+skbsj94fl9o-00679-00357545-00357810 more than once I had spent fitted as my
+skbsj94fl9o-00680-00357811-00357984 worth I accepted that I needed to love
+skbsj94fl9o-00681-00357985-00358225 her more accept her better a dry tried
+skbsj94fl9o-00682-00358226-00358428 to anticipate what would make her happy
+skbsj94fl9o-00683-00358429-00358731 sad but I remember the first time we
+skbsj94fl9o-00684-00358732-00358956 thought it was a simple push really
+skbsj94fl9o-00685-00358957-00359143 after I said something but you didn't
+skbsj94fl9o-00686-00359144-00359341 like we were both surprised when her
+skbsj94fl9o-00687-00359342-00359626 reaction I apologized she apologized and
+skbsj94fl9o-00688-00359627-00359887 I took it as a one-off thing that it
+skbsj94fl9o-00689-00359888-00360129 wouldn't happen again until it says the
+skbsj94fl9o-00690-00360130-00360367 second time with a push again followed
+skbsj94fl9o-00691-00360368-00360715 by a flat again we were both surprised
+skbsj94fl9o-00692-00360716-00361024 me more than her did she apologize again
+skbsj94fl9o-00693-00361025-00361281 but she added that it was my fault and I
+skbsj94fl9o-00694-00361282-00361503 needed to watch my mouth slightly agreed
+skbsj94fl9o-00695-00361504-00361687 maybe if I could shut up more her
+skbsj94fl9o-00696-00361688-00361891 hitting me wouldn't it - leave that to
+skbsj94fl9o-00697-00361892-00362125 the floor that time she hit me up if she
+skbsj94fl9o-00698-00362126-00362314 was having a bad day
+skbsj94fl9o-00699-00362315-00362540 it was there to give her a hug and
+skbsj94fl9o-00700-00362541-00362771 instead I gotta shove it a punch in the
+skbsj94fl9o-00701-00362772-00363116 stomach anymore don't do much of
+skbsj94fl9o-00702-00363117-00363476 anything anymore we argued one night
+skbsj94fl9o-00703-00363477-00363677 after I hung out with friends 30 minutes
+skbsj94fl9o-00704-00363678-00363857 late she commuted me about grabbing my
+skbsj94fl9o-00705-00363858-00364079 anxiety me through the house by man and
+skbsj94fl9o-00706-00364080-00364277 she accused me of cheating it made me
+skbsj94fl9o-00707-00364278-00364490 strip naked to smell her on you she says
+skbsj94fl9o-00708-00364491-00364625 if you take what I didn't want to give
+skbsj94fl9o-00709-00364626-00364769 anymore to hurt both of you
+skbsj94fl9o-00710-00364770-00364970 generally wanted sex to enforce her
+skbsj94fl9o-00711-00364971-00365207 point I come here told me that my mother
+skbsj94fl9o-00712-00365208-00365384 was trying to separate us after she
+skbsj94fl9o-00713-00365385-00365552 questioned about the grazes and the
+skbsj94fl9o-00714-00365553-00365710 weight loss I told her that my brother
+skbsj94fl9o-00715-00365711-00365771 loves me
+skbsj94fl9o-00716-00365772-00365957 Walter loves us it didn't want us apart
+skbsj94fl9o-00717-00365958-00366235 it has agreed she beat me every time
+skbsj94fl9o-00718-00366236-00366482 admitted and my mother I don't need this
+skbsj94fl9o-00719-00366483-00366659 room anymore you talk on the phone
+skbsj94fl9o-00720-00366660-00366848 online at work I'm not allowed on the
+skbsj94fl9o-00721-00366849-00366980 phone or the computer we're home
+skbsj94fl9o-00722-00366981-00367712 together she didn't believe me
+skbsj94fl9o-00723-00367713-00367903 she showed me to sit my ass down and
+skbsj94fl9o-00724-00367904-00368165 before I could even open my mouth she
+skbsj94fl9o-00725-00368166-00368606 hit me in it easier Lidia I took the
+skbsj94fl9o-00726-00368607-00368840 head to the me that follows the sex
+skbsj94fl9o-00727-00368841-00369188 after it made it easier easier to stoop
+skbsj94fl9o-00728-00369189-00369524 her point-blank in the head you know TV
+skbsj94fl9o-00729-00369525-00370007 movies like it wasn't that in time that
+skbsj94fl9o-00730-00370008-00370298 was intense and surprise first an iBook
+skbsj94fl9o-00731-00370299-00370508 like that eyes and mouth wide open we're
+skbsj94fl9o-00732-00370509-00370646 gonna say whatever I could to prevent
+skbsj94fl9o-00733-00370647-00370799 what was to happen and never works for
+skbsj94fl9o-00734-00370800-00370976 me and then wait for her to ring or
+skbsj94fl9o-00735-00370977-00371234 longer look I'm tired tired tired loving
+skbsj94fl9o-00736-00371235-00371480 you would never let us go that almost
+skbsj94fl9o-00737-00371481-00371678 Astra what was it about me that made her
+skbsj94fl9o-00738-00371679-00372109 not love me enough then I thought it was
+skbsj94fl9o-00739-00372110-00372564 too late it was too late for her
+skbsj94fl9o-00740-00372565-00372952 pull the gun from under the bed hand me
+skbsj94fl9o-00741-00372953-00373234 my arm ones with the weight of it were
+skbsj94fl9o-00742-00373235-00373510 cold it felt in my grasp it was smart to
+skbsj94fl9o-00743-00373511-00373633 put the bullet in early so I wouldn't
+skbsj94fl9o-00744-00373634-00373835 shoot now it's the simple things
+skbsj94fl9o-00745-00373836-00374596 gently open less than a dozen swinging
+skbsj94fl9o-00746-00374597-00374803 would have been next but the guns doctor
+skbsj94fl9o-00747-00374804-00375103 Friese friend it could have been should
+skbsj94fl9o-00748-00375104-00375355 have been so different I pulled the
+skbsj94fl9o-00749-00375356-00375394 trigger
+skbsj94fl9o-00750-00375395-00375682 died I put two bullets in one for her
+skbsj94fl9o-00751-00375683-00375952 and one for me I don't use mine it
+skbsj94fl9o-00752-00375953-00376174 really wasn't a need to anymore who
+skbsj94fl9o-00753-00376175-00376405 Bruna didn't expect all my planning I
+skbsj94fl9o-00754-00376406-00376560 pictured that they would fight us spread
+skbsj94fl9o-00755-00376561-00376948 out here instead they will just find her
+skbsj94fl9o-00756-00376949-00377251 I think I'm going to disappear for a
+skbsj94fl9o-00757-00377252-00377548 while live life for the first time in a
+skbsj94fl9o-00758-00377549-00377668 long time
+skbsj94fl9o-00759-00377669-00378007 if they find me eventually it can't be
+skbsj94fl9o-00760-00378008-00378262 any worse than what she did to me mama
+skbsj94fl9o-00761-00378263-00378568 won't understand daddy beat her until
+skbsj94fl9o-00762-00378569-00378832 she couldn't take it anymore I guess
+skbsj94fl9o-00763-00378833-00381233 blood tells
+skbsj94fl9o-00764-00381234-00381640 I'll ever think about this year and
+skbsj94fl9o-00765-00381641-00381814 sometimes that's not a good thing in the
+skbsj94fl9o-00766-00381815-00382152 middle of paint silences its visual
+skbsj94fl9o-00767-00382153-00382615 representation of me and you eyes
+skbsj94fl9o-00768-00382616-00382867 flooding close to the truth of being you
+skbsj94fl9o-00769-00382868-00383580 no more though I see you trying and I
+skbsj94fl9o-00770-00383581-00383832 can't what you're saying echoing between
+skbsj94fl9o-00771-00383833-00384469 words already spoken loudly so I move
+skbsj94fl9o-00772-00384470-00384930 left and you move right and we not
+skbsj94fl9o-00773-00384931-00385114 dancing we just stepping over piles
+skbsj94fl9o-00774-00385115-00385801 of love trust her pain love trust hurt
+skbsj94fl9o-00775-00385802-00386400 pain relationship
+skbsj94fl9o-00776-00386401-00386641 curdling in this fridge
+skbsj94fl9o-00777-00386642-00387151 we built not purchase winter approaching
+skbsj94fl9o-00778-00387152-00387688 inside and out wrapping myself in
+skbsj94fl9o-00779-00387689-00388344 blankets with you within the end
+skbsj94fl9o-00781-00392691-00393197 hi I'll have some miso soup no tofu
+skbsj94fl9o-00782-00393198-00393453 yakitori really light on the onions do
+skbsj94fl9o-00783-00393454-00393690 you have that gluten free soy sauce okay
+skbsj94fl9o-00784-00393691-00394109 let me get a go-go roll extra masago
+skbsj94fl9o-00785-00394110-00394344 sauce and a glass of water
+skbsj94fl9o-00786-00394345-00395295 oh wait one part of my team
+skbsj94fl9o-00787-00395296-00395470 I'm starving
+skbsj94fl9o-00788-00395471-00395665 please you know I always get the same
+skbsj94fl9o-00789-00395666-00395875 thing here the only one holding you back
+skbsj94fl9o-00790-00395876-00396040 in the job you need to be more
+skbsj94fl9o-00791-00396041-00396259 adventurous try a different side dish
+skbsj94fl9o-00792-00396260-00398089 okay we're skirt no pennies and those
+skbsj94fl9o-00793-00398090-00398524 heels that I like wait wait our water Oh
+skbsj94fl9o-00794-00398525-00399460 more thank you so how is she she is fine
+skbsj94fl9o-00795-00399461-00399595 better much better
+skbsj94fl9o-00796-00399596-00399769 oh so won't they take the time to better
+skbsj94fl9o-00797-00399770-00400027 explain when I run it really what is it
+skbsj94fl9o-00798-00400028-00400333 that he wants you to pray hanging in his
+skbsj94fl9o-00799-00400334-00400480 flesh and that all of a sudden made
+skbsj94fl9o-00800-00400481-00400564 everything better
+skbsj94fl9o-00801-00400565-00401314 no do we made everything better can i
+skbsj94fl9o-00802-00401315-00402256 watch you watch you already why should
+skbsj94fl9o-00803-00402257-00402547 you be smelling your breath should be
+skbsj94fl9o-00804-00402548-00404226 smelling
+skbsj94fl9o-00805-00404227-00405464 hungry somewhat no pain
+skbsj94fl9o-00806-00405465-00406146 yeah
+skbsj94fl9o-00807-00406147-00408251 hungry yes
+skbsj94fl9o-00808-00408252-00408866 are you ready for the check again
+skbsj94fl9o-00809-00408867-00409277 alright let's just lean into it
+skbsj94fl9o-00810-00409278-00409443 when you're all about your sex life you
+skbsj94fl9o-00811-00409444-00411128 say she's better like it do you really
+skbsj94fl9o-00812-00411129-00412968 haven't explored voyeurism you can't
+skbsj94fl9o-00813-00412968-00413255 watch fine
+skbsj94fl9o-00814-00413256-00413472 I will just have to believe that but I
+skbsj94fl9o-00815-00413472-00414662 think if you would have a really good
+skbsj94fl9o-00816-00414663-00415921 [Music]
+skbsj94fl9o-00817-00415922-00418768 for you sometimes
+skbsj94fl9o-00818-00418769-00419174 works going well Peggy says I might be
+skbsj94fl9o-00819-00419175-00419672 up for promotion Oh Congrats thank you I
+skbsj94fl9o-00820-00419672-00420933 need that extra cash deserve it working
+skbsj94fl9o-00821-00420934-00421614 hard you know when you just don't keep
+skbsj94fl9o-00822-00421614-00422468 working take care of us
+skbsj94fl9o-00823-00422469-00422662 how's the food
+skbsj94fl9o-00824-00422663-00422935 I loved it where'd you find the
+skbsj94fl9o-00825-00422935-00424574 restaurant I know you'd find it
+skbsj94fl9o-00826-00424575-00426864 State word yeah you ready yes
+skbsj94fl9o-00827-00426864-00427526 groans oh about bending scratching
+skbsj94fl9o-00828-00427527-00428880 biting licking eating things like roses
+skbsj94fl9o-00829-00428881-00429204 are red and nipples are meant to be
+skbsj94fl9o-00830-00429205-00429570 bitten and like when she smiles the
+skbsj94fl9o-00831-00429571-00429875 Sun comes up but when her ass is up
+skbsj94fl9o-00832-00429876-00430341 hopefully the shades are down okay
+skbsj94fl9o-00833-00430342-00430662 late at night when the dogs asleep and
+skbsj94fl9o-00834-00430663-00430917 the cable bill ain't been paid and it's
+skbsj94fl9o-00835-00430918-00431558 darkness but we slowly naked
+skbsj94fl9o-00836-00431559-00432041 witness seeping sweat dripping booth
+skbsj94fl9o-00837-00432042-00432357 friction cause and reactions making
+skbsj94fl9o-00838-00432358-00432663 faces to the sounds of for only two
+skbsj94fl9o-00839-00432664-00433643 payments of $19.99 we poetic
+skbsj94fl9o-00840-00433645-00433982 nonsense that only makes sense to her
+skbsj94fl9o-00841-00433983-00434385 and I
+skbsj94fl9o-00842-00434386-00434612 you ready
+skbsj94fl9o-00844-00446503-00447354 she beats me beautifully threatens me
+skbsj94fl9o-00845-00447355-00447834 with lashes even when I cook
+skbsj94fl9o-00846-00447835-00448413 and that's often why man punishment is
+skbsj94fl9o-00847-00448414-00449243 still the same so I like oh look they're
+skbsj94fl9o-00848-00449243-00449697 two feet when she enters hoping for
+skbsj94fl9o-00849-00449697-00449939 small treat the problem want Vienna
+skbsj94fl9o-00850-00449939-00450753 resting and Carlos bailing them and they
+skbsj94fl9o-00851-00450754-00451245 touch you that the painful sword unbated
+skbsj94fl9o-00852-00451246-00451463 once again pronounce any other
+skbsj94fl9o-00853-00451464-00451616 Sebastian's
+skbsj94fl9o-00854-00451617-00452007 patterning area is never seen by this
+skbsj94fl9o-00855-00452008-00452076 back
+skbsj94fl9o-00857-00456484-00456771 [Music]
+skbsj94fl9o-00859-00460912-00461554 hey lady I'm minute yeah I'm a bad
+skbsj94fl9o-00860-00461555-00461952 temper like one or two months and it's
+skbsj94fl9o-00861-00461953-00462042 been two years
+skbsj94fl9o-00862-00462043-00462234 that's why the surprise I haven't seen
+skbsj94fl9o-00863-00462235-00462396 you by now oh the number and the address
+skbsj94fl9o-00864-00462397-00464093 haven't changed if you wanted to see me
+skbsj94fl9o-00865-00464093-00464519 I wasn't ready
+skbsj94fl9o-00866-00464520-00464889 but being gay was so damn easy for you
+skbsj94fl9o-00867-00464889-00465143 you you are your rainbow fear like a
+skbsj94fl9o-00868-00465144-00465360 Badge of Courage and shot the finger to
+skbsj94fl9o-00869-00465360-00465758 everyone who didn't agree I didn't know
+skbsj94fl9o-00870-00465759-00465975 if I would ever be there I wasn't there
+skbsj94fl9o-00871-00465976-00466508 yet but you were convinced that my mama
+skbsj94fl9o-00872-00466509-00466839 and my family would be okay with us with
+skbsj94fl9o-00873-00466839-00467175 it and you barely met my mom how could
+skbsj94fl9o-00874-00467176-00467546 you know if ever you were trying to
+skbsj94fl9o-00875-00467547-00467873 force me to you a lesbian or night or
+skbsj94fl9o-00876-00467874-00468060 with whatever you want to call it
+skbsj94fl9o-00877-00468060-00468497 so I bounced we just kept pushing this
+skbsj94fl9o-00878-00468498-00468842 idea of what being gay was on to me and
+skbsj94fl9o-00879-00468843-00469029 I didn't want to hang with your gay
+skbsj94fl9o-00880-00469030-00469287 friends I didn't want to come out at
+skbsj94fl9o-00881-00469288-00469646 work but you drop me by demanding a kiss
+skbsj94fl9o-00882-00469647-00469835 before leaving church I wasn't going to
+skbsj94fl9o-00883-00469836-00470037 keep it that way I didn't even want to
+skbsj94fl9o-00884-00470038-00470294 go to cry i ho still trying to figure
+skbsj94fl9o-00885-00470295-00470702 out what the bride was but you
+skbsj94fl9o-00886-00470703-00471162 wouldn't stop so I stopped okay give me
+skbsj94fl9o-00887-00471163-00471248 okay
+skbsj94fl9o-00888-00471249-00471558 like I figured that gay coalition would
+skbsj94fl9o-00889-00471559-00472010 help you get over me here whatever but
+skbsj94fl9o-00890-00472011-00472206 it's not like I was your first your mind
+skbsj94fl9o-00891-00472207-00472410 and love doesn't cure everything but but
+skbsj94fl9o-00892-00472410-00472662 all your exits will always around ready
+skbsj94fl9o-00893-00472663-00472839 to jump back into something with you
+skbsj94fl9o-00894-00472839-00473177 anyway who the hell is friends with all
+skbsj94fl9o-00895-00473178-00473475 of their exes
+skbsj94fl9o-00896-00473476-00475126 lesbians just flat out saying instead of
+skbsj94fl9o-00897-00475127-00475318 saying I'm not ready where you're
+skbsj94fl9o-00898-00475318-00475702 rushing me you just suddenly so you told
+skbsj94fl9o-00899-00475703-00475897 me you didn't like my friends because
+skbsj94fl9o-00900-00475897-00476032 they were messy not because they were
+skbsj94fl9o-00901-00476033-00476293 gay you told me that your boss didn't
+skbsj94fl9o-00902-00476293-00476425 like you when partners came into the
+skbsj94fl9o-00903-00476426-00476608 office because it disrupted work floors
+skbsj94fl9o-00904-00476609-00476689 some like that
+skbsj94fl9o-00905-00476689-00476968 and I believed you I only asked to kiss
+skbsj94fl9o-00906-00476968-00477283 you in public once and I thought that
+skbsj94fl9o-00907-00477284-00477514 maybe if we went to Pride and we held
+skbsj94fl9o-00908-00477514-00477670 hands in public and you saw other
+skbsj94fl9o-00909-00477671-00477993 couples like us making it work maybe but
+skbsj94fl9o-00910-00477995-00478234 no you decided to just up and leave with
+skbsj94fl9o-00911-00478235-00478525 no calls no emails not even a
+skbsj94fl9o-00912-00478526-00478747 text message you didn't tell me all
+skbsj94fl9o-00913-00478747-00478891 you wanted was your and to be out
+skbsj94fl9o-00914-00478892-00479035 before anyone knows you in the morning I
+skbsj94fl9o-00915-00479035-00479302 still try but know that maybe our love
+skbsj94fl9o-00916-00479303-00479431 could weather this storm that we could
+skbsj94fl9o-00917-00479432-00479650 make it work do you think you're the
+skbsj94fl9o-00918-00479651-00479755 first person who realized that they
+skbsj94fl9o-00919-00479756-00479878 weren't straight to come out of the damn
+skbsj94fl9o-00920-00479879-00480310 closet yeah my exes they kept saying she
+skbsj94fl9o-00921-00480310-00480522 won the bad and I said no no she's
+skbsj94fl9o-00922-00480524-00480609 scared
+skbsj94fl9o-00923-00480610-00480922 so scared that you up and leave like the
+skbsj94fl9o-00924-00480922-00481105 punk ass that they said you were I beg
+skbsj94fl9o-00925-00481106-00481647 your mother for your number I drove to
+skbsj94fl9o-00926-00481649-00482083 her house in your apartment until I
+skbsj94fl9o-00927-00482084-00482281 thought they would call the cops on me
+skbsj94fl9o-00928-00482282-00482678 No
+skbsj94fl9o-00929-00482679-00483208 select random words to beg you
+skbsj94fl9o-00930-00483209-00483672 and nothing new here you stand two years
+skbsj94fl9o-00931-00483674-00483928 later like nothing ever happened
+skbsj94fl9o-00932-00483929-00484105 like you didn't just up and leave like
+skbsj94fl9o-00933-00484106-00484246 the punk ass that you say you are that
+skbsj94fl9o-00934-00484247-00484663 you are so yeah I'm wearing my rainbow
+skbsj94fl9o-00935-00484664-00487156 badge with pride here's a you
+skbsj94fl9o-00936-00487157-00487937 babe hey my scalp is itching
+skbsj94fl9o-00937-00487938-00488422 you want me to grease your scalp I know
+skbsj94fl9o-00939-00493181-00493558 I love the feeling are your fingers in
+skbsj94fl9o-00940-00493559-00493966 my scalp next time you don't even
+skbsj94fl9o-00941-00493967-00494209 attempt to drag over here you'll have to
+skbsj94fl9o-00942-00494210-00494467 figure this out you got it yes okay
+skbsj94fl9o-00943-00494468-00494832 good
+skbsj94fl9o-00944-00494833-00496935 to braid your hair would you turn around
+skbsj94fl9o-00945-00496935-00497131 you smell so good
+skbsj94fl9o-00946-00497132-00498520 [Music]
+skbsj94fl9o-00947-00498521-00499070 maybe this skin is so sweet and soft
+skbsj94fl9o-00948-00499071-00499324 this
+skbsj94fl9o-00949-00499325-00499741 maybe let me take away your stress let
+skbsj94fl9o-00950-00499742-00499994 me take you
+skbsj94fl9o-00953-00509939-00510630 [Applause]
+skbsj94fl9o-00955-00516454-00516793 singing softly don't live here anymore
+skbsj94fl9o-00956-00516795-00517077 she wraps her legs around my soul
+skbsj94fl9o-00957-00517078-00517329 questioning me from the world asked me
+skbsj94fl9o-00958-00517330-00517887 to black girl love not says love singing
+skbsj94fl9o-00959-00517888-00518250 moaning listening speaking accepting
+skbsj94fl9o-00960-00518251-00518642 that black girl love but sometimes made
+skbsj94fl9o-00961-00518643-00519078 pleasure Tony tell them now and then she
+skbsj94fl9o-00962-00519079-00519276 spoke being happy in the middle of the
+skbsj94fl9o-00963-00519277-00519702 other night reminding me of us around
+skbsj94fl9o-00964-00519703-00521710 tears of mine as we do black girl love
+skbsj94fl9o-00965-00521712-00522234 [Applause]
+skbsj94fl9o-00966-00522235-00522820 [Applause]
+skbsj94fl9o-00967-00522821-00525470 [Applause]
+togkVw1paa8-00000-00000356-00000693 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00001-00000694-00000993 [Applause]
+togkVw1paa8-00003-00007806-00007827 [Applause]
+togkVw1paa8-00004-00007828-00008440 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00005-00008441-00008933 [Applause]
+togkVw1paa8-00006-00008934-00009573 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00007-00009574-00011493 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00008-00011494-00012133 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00009-00012134-00013330 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00010-00013331-00014158 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00011-00014159-00016776 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00012-00016777-00017148 [Applause]
+togkVw1paa8-00013-00017149-00018165 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00014-00018166-00018673 [Applause]
+togkVw1paa8-00015-00018674-00018869 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00016-00018870-00019069 [Applause]
+togkVw1paa8-00018-00024612-00025252 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00019-00025253-00025293 [Applause]
+togkVw1paa8-00020-00025294-00025644 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00021-00025645-00025745 [Applause]
+togkVw1paa8-00022-00025747-00025810 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00023-00025811-00026056 [Applause]
+togkVw1paa8-00024-00026057-00026149 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00025-00026150-00026569 [Applause]
+togkVw1paa8-00026-00026570-00027399 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00027-00027400-00027683 so
+togkVw1paa8-00028-00027683-00028558 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00029-00028558-00028902 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00030-00028904-00029431 so
+togkVw1paa8-00031-00029432-00030514 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00032-00030514-00031223 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00033-00031224-00031526 [Applause]
+togkVw1paa8-00034-00031527-00031613 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00035-00031614-00032044 [Applause]
+togkVw1paa8-00036-00032045-00032214 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00037-00032216-00032389 [Applause]
+togkVw1paa8-00038-00032391-00032799 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00039-00032800-00033010 so
+togkVw1paa8-00040-00033011-00033024 [Applause]
+togkVw1paa8-00041-00033025-00033342 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00042-00033343-00033353 [Applause]
+togkVw1paa8-00043-00033354-00035753 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00044-00035754-00037593 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00045-00037594-00038982 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00046-00038983-00039574 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00048-00045528-00045731 eh
+togkVw1paa8-00049-00045732-00047143 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00050-00047144-00047264 um
+togkVw1paa8-00052-00050472-00051270 hey
+togkVw1paa8-00053-00051271-00051382 hmm
+togkVw1paa8-00054-00051383-00052094 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00055-00052095-00052204 um
+togkVw1paa8-00057-00057048-00057950 um
+togkVw1paa8-00058-00057951-00059703 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00059-00059704-00060226 so
+togkVw1paa8-00060-00060227-00061226 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00061-00061227-00062900 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00062-00062901-00063109 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00063-00063110-00063653 [Applause]
+togkVw1paa8-00064-00063654-00065196 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00065-00065197-00066204 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00066-00066205-00068055 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00067-00068056-00068478 so
+togkVw1paa8-00068-00068479-00070894 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00069-00070895-00071711 oh
+togkVw1paa8-00070-00071712-00071824 please
+togkVw1paa8-00072-00079168-00079598 um
+togkVw1paa8-00073-00079599-00080311 [Music]
+togkVw1paa8-00074-00080312-00080520 you
+t2PNATaOCeE-00000-00000374-00000739 welcome to the Elliott host podcast
+t2PNATaOCeE-00001-00000740-00001157 I am the king of making men strong
+t2PNATaOCeE-00002-00001158-00001481 shedding of the old man right
+t2PNATaOCeE-00003-00001482-00001796 way we can freely walk
+t2PNATaOCeE-00004-00001797-00002305 [Music]
+t2PNATaOCeE-00005-00002306-00002795 Sanctified my soul for
+t2PNATaOCeE-00006-00002796-00003377 the yo Elliott
+t2PNATaOCeE-00007-00003378-00004085 [Music]
+t2PNATaOCeE-00008-00004086-00004265 if you're a high achieving businessman
+t2PNATaOCeE-00009-00004266-00004517 executive or entrepreneur who's
+t2PNATaOCeE-00010-00004518-00004709 dominating in business but struggle with
+t2PNATaOCeE-00011-00004710-00005009 drinking drugs overeating or any filthy
+t2PNATaOCeE-00012-00005010-00005254 Vice here's some advice the biggest
+t2PNATaOCeE-00013-00005255-00005399 mistake that you can make is to try to
+t2PNATaOCeE-00014-00005400-00005668 quit cold turkey and use willpower to
+t2PNATaOCeE-00015-00005669-00005872 overcome your Cravings if you've ever
+t2PNATaOCeE-00016-00005873-00006136 quit for a few days or a few weeks only
+t2PNATaOCeE-00017-00006137-00006347 to self-sabotage by binging worse than
+t2PNATaOCeE-00018-00006348-00006539 before then you know exactly what I'm
+t2PNATaOCeE-00019-00006540-00006701 talking about not only has my company
+t2PNATaOCeE-00020-00006702-00006946 helped thousands of men destroy Vice and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00021-00006947-00007198 dominate life I personally confronted
+t2PNATaOCeE-00022-00007200-00007433 and overcome the same struggles when I
+t2PNATaOCeE-00023-00007434-00007648 found myself hooked on weed at the peak
+t2PNATaOCeE-00024-00007650-00007828 of my business career if you've got four
+t2PNATaOCeE-00025-00007829-00007967 minutes to listen to a coach who will
+t2PNATaOCeE-00026-00007968-00008201 help you achieve total self-mastery and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00027-00008202-00008410 control over your inner Punk then listen
+t2PNATaOCeE-00028-00008411-00008645 up if you don't beat drinking drugs or
+t2PNATaOCeE-00029-00008646-00008909 any life-draining dependency in 90 days
+t2PNATaOCeE-00030-00008910-00009124 or less not only will my company give
+t2PNATaOCeE-00031-00009125-00009287 you your money back we'll pay for your
+t2PNATaOCeE-00032-00009288-00009491 first month's stay at a rehab Retreat of
+t2PNATaOCeE-00033-00009492-00009646 your choice that's what you need to
+t2PNATaOCeE-00034-00009647-00009919 succeed so let's go bro just visit
+t2PNATaOCeE-00035-00009920-00010163 waronvice.com fill out an application
+t2PNATaOCeE-00036-00010164-00010295 and my team will get back to you with
+t2PNATaOCeE-00037-00010296-00010469 the details hope to see you on the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00038-00010470-00010810 inside done
+t2PNATaOCeE-00039-00010811-00011009 yo bros we're back for another yo
+t2PNATaOCeE-00040-00011010-00011213 Elliott show and today I got a really
+t2PNATaOCeE-00041-00011214-00011381 cool guest somebody that you may be
+t2PNATaOCeE-00042-00011382-00011699 familiar with on my Friday C Mass uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-00043-00011700-00011837 podcast that I do with a couple other
+t2PNATaOCeE-00044-00011838-00012131 Catholic fellas men Catholic masculine
+t2PNATaOCeE-00045-00012132-00012323 is what we talk about but he's also
+t2PNATaOCeE-00046-00012324-00012520 written a book called don't go to
+t2PNATaOCeE-00047-00012521-00012773 college and so that's what I want to
+t2PNATaOCeE-00048-00012774-00013085 talk with Dr Michael robillard
+t2PNATaOCeE-00049-00013086-00013349 here today about but before I introduce
+t2PNATaOCeE-00050-00013350-00013655 him uh a prefaces by saying I'm going to
+t2PNATaOCeE-00051-00013656-00013780 share a story and then I'm going to read
+t2PNATaOCeE-00052-00013781-00013888 the description of the book because it's
+t2PNATaOCeE-00053-00013890-00014093 written so damn well and I'll introduce
+t2PNATaOCeE-00054-00014094-00014297 him that way it's worth it's worth
+t2PNATaOCeE-00055-00014297-00014572 waiting for but uh I have not read the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00056-00014573-00014879 book for full transparency but by the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00057-00014880-00015047 title of the book I'm all bought in
+t2PNATaOCeE-00058-00015047-00015286 don't go to college it's interesting you
+t2PNATaOCeE-00059-00015287-00015569 know I tend to be an early adopter and a
+t2PNATaOCeE-00060-00015569-00015683 lot of things that people don't
+t2PNATaOCeE-00061-00015684-00016001 understand when I'm doing it and then at
+t2PNATaOCeE-00062-00016002-00016222 some point it comes full circle and it
+t2PNATaOCeE-00063-00016223-00016427 becomes uh mainstream and so a lot of
+t2PNATaOCeE-00064-00016428-00016553 people realize that now don't go to
+t2PNATaOCeE-00065-00016554-00016721 college it's not even I don't even think
+t2PNATaOCeE-00066-00016722-00016967 it's that big of a deal to say so but 18
+t2PNATaOCeE-00067-00016968-00017230 years or 18 years ago when my first
+t2PNATaOCeE-00068-00017231-00017579 daughter was born so 2004 I believe uh I
+t2PNATaOCeE-00069-00017580-00017729 had already seen the college was a hoax
+t2PNATaOCeE-00070-00017730-00017963 and then when I followed the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00071-00017964-00018227 presidential uh debates
+t2PNATaOCeE-00072-00018228-00018863 for 2008 I started hearing Ron Paul and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00073-00018864-00019085 what he spoke about the Federal Reserve
+t2PNATaOCeE-00074-00019086-00019330 Bank our fiat currency and the propping
+t2PNATaOCeE-00075-00019331-00019475 up of different
+t2PNATaOCeE-00076-00019476-00019636 um sectors in our economy and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00077-00019637-00019864 universities is one of them over we
+t2PNATaOCeE-00078-00019865-00020075 overpay for it it's uh it's it's
+t2PNATaOCeE-00079-00020076-00020411 inflated it gets young people into debt
+t2PNATaOCeE-00080-00020412-00020579 that becomes an anchor for their whole
+t2PNATaOCeE-00081-00020580-00020680 lives
+t2PNATaOCeE-00082-00020681-00020969 I didn't see it for what Dr robillard's
+t2PNATaOCeE-00083-00020970-00021083 going to talk about today which is the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00084-00021084-00021299 indoctrination of it it just seemed like
+t2PNATaOCeE-00085-00021300-00021653 a a bad investment unless you were going
+t2PNATaOCeE-00086-00021654-00021929 to be a doctor or a uh engineer or
+t2PNATaOCeE-00087-00021930-00022072 something of that that nature and I
+t2PNATaOCeE-00088-00022073-00022294 obviously Our Guest is a doctor so you
+t2PNATaOCeE-00089-00022295-00022480 must see some value in it but probably
+t2PNATaOCeE-00090-00022481-00022925 not the way we use it today and so real
+t2PNATaOCeE-00091-00022926-00023057 quick product description because it's
+t2PNATaOCeE-00092-00023058-00023243 just so good I gotta read it
+t2PNATaOCeE-00093-00023244-00023519 so the book is uh don't go to college
+t2PNATaOCeE-00094-00023520-00023777 and it's co-authored with uh Timothy
+t2PNATaOCeE-00095-00023778-00024089 Gordon and so here we go uh an
+t2PNATaOCeE-00096-00024090-00024311 examination of how America's colleges
+t2PNATaOCeE-00097-00024312-00024605 have become an intellectual hell on
+t2PNATaOCeE-00098-00024606-00024814 Earth for anyone who wishes to think
+t2PNATaOCeE-00099-00024815-00025169 rationally and seek truth in wisdom as
+t2PNATaOCeE-00100-00025170-00025378 well as a plan for how young citizens
+t2PNATaOCeE-00101-00025379-00025768 can claim and Safeguard the learning and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00102-00025769-00026105 Heritage to which they are entitled
+t2PNATaOCeE-00103-00026106-00026368 from safe spaces and Trigger warnings to
+t2PNATaOCeE-00104-00026369-00026657 grievance studies and neo-marxis
+t2PNATaOCeE-00105-00026658-00026993 indoctrination to sexual degeneracy and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00106-00026994-00027233 hookup culture to student loan
+t2PNATaOCeE-00107-00027233-00027527 indentured servitude to useless degrees
+t2PNATaOCeE-00108-00027527-00027767 with no translatable real-world
+t2PNATaOCeE-00109-00027768-00028018 application the modern day American
+t2PNATaOCeE-00110-00028019-00028270 University now functions as the complete
+t2PNATaOCeE-00111-00028272-00028612 inversion of its original purpose
+t2PNATaOCeE-00112-00028613-00028918 rather than creating civically minded
+t2PNATaOCeE-00113-00028919-00029237 competent citizens and adults able to
+t2PNATaOCeE-00114-00029238-00029446 provide for themselves their family and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00115-00029447-00029711 their society America's universities Now
+t2PNATaOCeE-00116-00029712-00029920 function as an Institutional assembly
+t2PNATaOCeE-00117-00029922-00030208 line for the production of the new 21st
+t2PNATaOCeE-00118-00030210-00030690 century Global citizen surf atomized
+t2PNATaOCeE-00119-00030691-00031102 infantilized dependent and pacified this
+t2PNATaOCeE-00120-00031104-00031343 book provides the definitive diagnosis
+t2PNATaOCeE-00121-00031344-00031601 of what exactly happened to America's
+t2PNATaOCeE-00122-00031602-00031840 universities while giving the reader a
+t2PNATaOCeE-00123-00031841-00032081 blueprint for how young citizens parents
+t2PNATaOCeE-00124-00032082-00032290 and local communities alike can
+t2PNATaOCeE-00125-00032291-00032543 Safeguard escape and begin resisting
+t2PNATaOCeE-00126-00032544-00032909 such pernicious indoctrination and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00127-00032910-00033262 illogical woke nonsense
+t2PNATaOCeE-00128-00033263-00033539 Dr Michael robillard is an independent
+t2PNATaOCeE-00129-00033540-00033959 scholar philosopher an Iraq war veteran
+t2PNATaOCeE-00130-00033960-00034181 he's held prior academic appointments at
+t2PNATaOCeE-00131-00034182-00034474 the University of Notre Dame the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00132-00034475-00034685 University of Oxford the U.S Naval
+t2PNATaOCeE-00133-00034686-00034918 Academy his past writings have focused
+t2PNATaOCeE-00134-00034919-00035081 on issues concerning civil military
+t2PNATaOCeE-00135-00035082-00035452 relations veterans issues and ethics of
+t2PNATaOCeE-00136-00035453-00035765 automated technology and Free Speech in
+t2PNATaOCeE-00137-00035766-00035885 Academia
+t2PNATaOCeE-00138-00035886-00036190 he is a devout Roman Catholic an
+t2PNATaOCeE-00139-00036191-00036467 American and a patriot he hails from
+t2PNATaOCeE-00140-00036468-00036827 Whitman Massachusetts thank you Dr
+t2PNATaOCeE-00141-00036828-00037018 Michael for joining us
+t2PNATaOCeE-00142-00037019-00037168 thank you so much for having me Elliot
+t2PNATaOCeE-00143-00037169-00037451 really appreciate it
+t2PNATaOCeE-00144-00037452-00037624 pretty cool you know you and I rap
+t2PNATaOCeE-00145-00037625-00037961 every week with a group but uh you know
+t2PNATaOCeE-00146-00037962-00038093 it was the first time I read your bio
+t2PNATaOCeE-00147-00038094-00038321 and realized how um
+t2PNATaOCeE-00148-00038322-00038471 how much you've done and how much you do
+t2PNATaOCeE-00149-00038472-00038621 and how much you're wrapped up in the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00150-00038622-00038873 work that you share uh to be a man that
+t2PNATaOCeE-00151-00038874-00039071 has these degrees and speaking at
+t2PNATaOCeE-00152-00039072-00039346 universities and uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-00153-00039347-00039646 with the name doctor the Dr before his
+t2PNATaOCeE-00154-00039647-00040037 name what is it that makes you say that
+t2PNATaOCeE-00155-00040038-00040205 don't go to college and that college is
+t2PNATaOCeE-00156-00040206-00040487 a bad idea well the the long and short
+t2PNATaOCeE-00157-00040488-00040787 of it is that I do
+t2PNATaOCeE-00158-00040788-00041062 value education I do value knowledge I
+t2PNATaOCeE-00159-00041063-00041296 do value the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00160-00041297-00041549 the idea of Academia and of University
+t2PNATaOCeE-00161-00041550-00041818 that is the the inheritance of our
+t2PNATaOCeE-00162-00041819-00042052 Catholic and and uh Aristotelian
+t2PNATaOCeE-00163-00042053-00042221 aristotomist
+t2PNATaOCeE-00164-00042222-00042437 background that helped build the west
+t2PNATaOCeE-00165-00042438-00042629 and help build America so in principle
+t2PNATaOCeE-00166-00042630-00042809 that's that's where I grew up on when I
+t2PNATaOCeE-00167-00042810-00043001 went to West Point and the degrees I got
+t2PNATaOCeE-00168-00043002-00043193 afterwards
+t2PNATaOCeE-00169-00043194-00043402 while I was getting my degrees though I
+t2PNATaOCeE-00170-00043403-00043685 lit I led a very cloistered life that
+t2PNATaOCeE-00171-00043686-00043871 was very
+t2PNATaOCeE-00172-00043872-00044368 um also uh degenerate and and disordered
+t2PNATaOCeE-00173-00044369-00044843 along with a lot of like liberal secular
+t2PNATaOCeE-00174-00044844-00044993 hedonist
+t2PNATaOCeE-00175-00044994-00045340 ideas and practices and that blinded me
+t2PNATaOCeE-00176-00045341-00045449 to
+t2PNATaOCeE-00177-00045450-00045695 to the rot that was going on
+t2PNATaOCeE-00178-00045696-00045940 in the university and it took really
+t2PNATaOCeE-00179-00045941-00046139 getting to Oxford and running into the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00180-00046140-00046408 transgender issue that made me realize
+t2PNATaOCeE-00181-00046409-00046589 everything and realize just how rodent
+t2PNATaOCeE-00182-00046590-00046907 the institution has become and made me
+t2PNATaOCeE-00183-00046908-00047165 go back to really figure out
+t2PNATaOCeE-00184-00047166-00047351 one of the things about the university
+t2PNATaOCeE-00185-00047352-00047555 that were that are good and requires
+t2PNATaOCeE-00186-00047556-00047729 saving and which need need to be
+t2PNATaOCeE-00187-00047730-00047987 jettisoned so that's that's the short
+t2PNATaOCeE-00188-00047988-00048208 answer it's pretty amazing you came up
+t2PNATaOCeE-00189-00048209-00048545 with like one foot in each World you've
+t2PNATaOCeE-00190-00048546-00048827 got the aristotomistic view of the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00191-00048828-00049067 studies you were engaging in but also
+t2PNATaOCeE-00192-00049068-00049357 the social experiment
+t2PNATaOCeE-00193-00049358-00049924 Paradigm of uh wokeness and feminism and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00194-00049925-00050171 uh you know the rot of our society so
+t2PNATaOCeE-00195-00050172-00050380 it's interesting you uh you sort of
+t2PNATaOCeE-00196-00050381-00050645 straddle those two and have a
+t2PNATaOCeE-00197-00050646-00050861 perspective from both and so I think
+t2PNATaOCeE-00198-00050862-00051161 that gives you uh Insight that many
+t2PNATaOCeE-00199-00051162-00051346 people might not have that there's
+t2PNATaOCeE-00200-00051347-00051532 something good there because I'm sort of
+t2PNATaOCeE-00201-00051533-00051658 an extremist
+t2PNATaOCeE-00202-00051659-00051976 and I'm not a scholar right but I like
+t2PNATaOCeE-00203-00051977-00052126 learning I love reading I love
+t2PNATaOCeE-00204-00052127-00052342 Independent Learning as I get older I'm
+t2PNATaOCeE-00205-00052344-00052750 appreciating institutions way more
+t2PNATaOCeE-00206-00052751-00053050 um but you've really benefited from the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00207-00053051-00053226 institutional educational
+t2PNATaOCeE-00208-00053227-00053530 processes of universities and has it
+t2PNATaOCeE-00209-00053532-00053788 served you so well such that you are
+t2PNATaOCeE-00210-00053789-00054149 you're you're also using that you know
+t2PNATaOCeE-00211-00054150-00054329 rhetorical skill and that thinking skill
+t2PNATaOCeE-00212-00054329-00054635 to point out why college is ruining
+t2PNATaOCeE-00213-00054636-00054857 Americans can you tell us a little bit
+t2PNATaOCeE-00214-00054858-00055103 more about that side of the picture
+t2PNATaOCeE-00215-00055104-00055373 um the the ruinous side like let's get
+t2PNATaOCeE-00216-00055374-00055588 the bad news out of the way
+t2PNATaOCeE-00217-00055589-00055792 um what do you mean by indoctrination
+t2PNATaOCeE-00218-00055794-00056092 and where how is it how did we get here
+t2PNATaOCeE-00219-00056094-00056273 and where are we going
+t2PNATaOCeE-00220-00056274-00056411 right right
+t2PNATaOCeE-00221-00056412-00056621 so there's a Fox News article that
+t2PNATaOCeE-00222-00056622-00056800 myself and Timothy Gordon wrote last
+t2PNATaOCeE-00223-00056801-00057016 year that you can find talking about the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00224-00057017-00057209 five major reasons that we outlined for
+t2PNATaOCeE-00225-00057210-00057413 why college is a bad idea now
+t2PNATaOCeE-00226-00057414-00057737 so first yeah it's the Theology and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00227-00057738-00058073 indoctrination uh if you do a Google
+t2PNATaOCeE-00228-00058074-00058475 search for uh diversity Equity inclusion
+t2PNATaOCeE-00229-00058476-00058900 or LGBT or any of these things as
+t2PNATaOCeE-00230-00058901-00059129 with respect to these universities
+t2PNATaOCeE-00231-00059129-00059404 it's a super majority of universities
+t2PNATaOCeE-00232-00059405-00059711 that they they have some sort of uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-00233-00059712-00059999 explicit commitment to any of these
+t2PNATaOCeE-00234-00060000-00060209 things whether it's the language of
+t2PNATaOCeE-00235-00060210-00060569 diversity Equity inclusion empowerments
+t2PNATaOCeE-00236-00060570-00060773 the various studies you know various
+t2PNATaOCeE-00237-00060774-00061049 grievance studies women's studies trans
+t2PNATaOCeE-00238-00061050-00061307 queer studies all this stuff
+t2PNATaOCeE-00239-00061308-00061500 and this used to be
+t2PNATaOCeE-00240-00061501-00061792 the post-modern stuff that was contained
+t2PNATaOCeE-00241-00061794-00062026 to the edges of Academia to the edges of
+t2PNATaOCeE-00242-00062027-00062287 the lit crit Department you know so the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00243-00062288-00062476 philosophical tradition analytic
+t2PNATaOCeE-00244-00062477-00062621 philosophy that I grew up in we used to
+t2PNATaOCeE-00245-00062622-00062759 laugh at this stuff and never took it
+t2PNATaOCeE-00246-00062760-00062861 seriously
+t2PNATaOCeE-00247-00062862-00063113 it's since broken out and overtaken not
+t2PNATaOCeE-00248-00063114-00063413 just philosophy but but all of Academia
+t2PNATaOCeE-00249-00063414-00063604 and now it's bleeding out into all the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00250-00063605-00063880 rest of the culture and uh these folks
+t2PNATaOCeE-00251-00063882-00064097 they are ideologues the professors are
+t2PNATaOCeE-00252-00064098-00064379 neo-marks of City logs anytime there is
+t2PNATaOCeE-00253-00064379-00064582 a conservative speaker like Ben Shapiro
+t2PNATaOCeE-00254-00064583-00064841 or Michael no they they Riot you know
+t2PNATaOCeE-00255-00064841-00065104 they they attack people in our book we
+t2PNATaOCeE-00256-00065105-00065394 list 75 examples of Campus physical
+t2PNATaOCeE-00257-00065395-00065765 assaults or or uh you know mob Behavior
+t2PNATaOCeE-00258-00065766-00065921 that's happened within the last five
+t2PNATaOCeE-00259-00065922-00066106 years alone right it's fine so they
+t2PNATaOCeE-00260-00066107-00066311 don't want to it's violent yeah yeah
+t2PNATaOCeE-00261-00066312-00066479 there's a professor um from California
+t2PNATaOCeE-00262-00066480-00066635 it hit somebody in the head with a bike
+t2PNATaOCeE-00263-00066636-00066953 lock and uh this guy's a professor so I
+t2PNATaOCeE-00264-00066954-00067144 mean these people it's funny because
+t2PNATaOCeE-00265-00067145-00067403 these are the same people that uh virtue
+t2PNATaOCeE-00266-00067404-00067703 signal and their whole position is that
+t2PNATaOCeE-00267-00067704-00067991 they're more more morally righteous than
+t2PNATaOCeE-00268-00067992-00068213 those who don't uh agree and we're
+t2PNATaOCeE-00269-00068214-00068494 seeing their violence uh explode on the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00270-00068495-00068681 scene it's so obvious to see they're the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00271-00068682-00068963 more Angry of the of the two you know if
+t2PNATaOCeE-00272-00068964-00069144 we're talking aristotomic or talking
+t2PNATaOCeE-00273-00069145-00069413 patriarchy masculinity uh versus
+t2PNATaOCeE-00274-00069414-00069671 degeneracy which is what we see in in
+t2PNATaOCeE-00275-00069672-00069988 this uh in their anger uh and in their
+t2PNATaOCeE-00276-00069989-00070187 perversion it's interesting I remember
+t2PNATaOCeE-00277-00070188-00070355 learning you keep using the word you
+t2PNATaOCeE-00278-00070356-00070523 know Neil Marxist and some people may
+t2PNATaOCeE-00279-00070524-00070655 not know
+t2PNATaOCeE-00280-00070656-00070847 um but tracking backwards from where we
+t2PNATaOCeE-00281-00070848-00070955 are today and what we're talking about
+t2PNATaOCeE-00282-00070956-00071194 in The Universities uh there was a
+t2PNATaOCeE-00283-00071195-00071579 theory that came out in the 1930s
+t2PNATaOCeE-00284-00071580-00071849 um by the likes of Neil marxists
+t2PNATaOCeE-00285-00071850-00072119 including uh until well not gramshi but
+t2PNATaOCeE-00286-00072120-00072491 Herbert Herbert uh Marcus I can't
+t2PNATaOCeE-00287-00072492-00072647 remember his name but and Wilhelm Reich
+t2PNATaOCeE-00288-00072648-00072988 Marcus that's right yeah mercus right
+t2PNATaOCeE-00289-00072989-00073259 called critical theory
+t2PNATaOCeE-00290-00073260-00073517 critical theory and critical critical
+t2PNATaOCeE-00291-00073518-00073697 theory you know is not a new thing I
+t2PNATaOCeE-00292-00073698-00073817 know there's a lot of fighting in our
+t2PNATaOCeE-00293-00073818-00073979 schools about critical race Theory
+t2PNATaOCeE-00294-00073980-00074206 that's just sort of a new fangled brand
+t2PNATaOCeE-00295-00074207-00074591 of it as it's you know gaining momentum
+t2PNATaOCeE-00296-00074592-00074717 um but they called it critical theory
+t2PNATaOCeE-00297-00074718-00074867 and the reason why it's called critical
+t2PNATaOCeE-00298-00074868-00075100 theory is because it's whole its whole
+t2PNATaOCeE-00299-00075101-00075485 point of being is to criticize every
+t2PNATaOCeE-00300-00075486-00075725 aspect of society in order to destroy it
+t2PNATaOCeE-00301-00075726-00075821 morally
+t2PNATaOCeE-00302-00075822-00076085 mm-hmm uh from the inside certain way
+t2PNATaOCeE-00303-00076086-00076331 and so everything is on The Chopping
+t2PNATaOCeE-00304-00076332-00076487 Block
+t2PNATaOCeE-00305-00076488-00076769 everything is on The Chopping Block in
+t2PNATaOCeE-00306-00076770-00076985 terms of its directionality towards
+t2PNATaOCeE-00307-00076986-00077249 truth goodness Beauty uh Christian
+t2PNATaOCeE-00308-00077250-00077482 values Christian metaphysical and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00309-00077483-00077687 epistemological commitments but then
+t2PNATaOCeE-00310-00077688-00077921 when the criticism is leveraged back the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00311-00077922-00078119 other way and we say okay well what's
+t2PNATaOCeE-00312-00078120-00078379 your alternative now let's talk about
+t2PNATaOCeE-00313-00078380-00078769 the let's apply criticism to Marxism
+t2PNATaOCeE-00314-00078770-00079144 neo-marxism diversary inclusion LGBT you
+t2PNATaOCeE-00315-00079145-00079355 know let me give you some of my thoughts
+t2PNATaOCeE-00316-00079356-00079576 as to my criticism of these things
+t2PNATaOCeE-00317-00079577-00079835 that's when the door shuts so it's this
+t2PNATaOCeE-00318-00079836-00080117 this front-end appeal to
+t2PNATaOCeE-00319-00080118-00080291 you're not allowed you're you're no
+t2PNATaOCeE-00320-00080292-00080494 platformed you're silenced uh the that
+t2PNATaOCeE-00321-00080495-00080705 you're doxed so there's an appeal to
+t2PNATaOCeE-00322-00080706-00080969 open-minded open-mindedness and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00323-00080970-00081275 tolerance as a rhetorical tool to then
+t2PNATaOCeE-00324-00081276-00081473 gain institutional power and then pull
+t2PNATaOCeE-00325-00081474-00081671 the ladder up behind them and to silence
+t2PNATaOCeE-00326-00081672-00081856 people that um that they don't agree
+t2PNATaOCeE-00327-00081857-00082055 with so it's it's a complete hypocrisy
+t2PNATaOCeE-00328-00082056-00082300 right anybody who has eyes can see that
+t2PNATaOCeE-00329-00082301-00082553 because if your ideas were so good then
+t2PNATaOCeE-00330-00082554-00082738 why can't we have an open conversation
+t2PNATaOCeE-00331-00082739-00082991 about it without calling names
+t2PNATaOCeE-00332-00082992-00083279 right and I think they know they say
+t2PNATaOCeE-00333-00083280-00083512 they have the moral High ground but they
+t2PNATaOCeE-00334-00083513-00083812 don't I know yeah it's um you know I I
+t2PNATaOCeE-00335-00083813-00084088 grew up in the 90s in Massachusetts in
+t2PNATaOCeE-00336-00084089-00084388 like a JFK labor left you know uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-00337-00084389-00084569 Community my dad was a forklift operator
+t2PNATaOCeE-00338-00084570-00084706 so I always thought
+t2PNATaOCeE-00339-00084707-00084988 I had like old school liberal values
+t2PNATaOCeE-00340-00084989-00085144 okay yeah we should have like an
+t2PNATaOCeE-00341-00085145-00085337 economic social safety net to care about
+t2PNATaOCeE-00342-00085338-00085600 the poor but that at that left that
+t2PNATaOCeE-00343-00085601-00085811 liberalism is gone and it's been
+t2PNATaOCeE-00344-00085812-00086129 completely hijacked by the these these
+t2PNATaOCeE-00345-00086130-00086512 rainbow clad thugs that uh that they
+t2PNATaOCeE-00346-00086513-00086725 they don't want to debate they are
+t2PNATaOCeE-00347-00086726-00086962 anti-christian anti-west anti-truth
+t2PNATaOCeE-00348-00086963-00087197 anti-free speech anti-everything it's
+t2PNATaOCeE-00349-00087198-00087509 it's a it's uh to my father anti-family
+t2PNATaOCeE-00350-00087510-00087959 anti-god yep yep
+t2PNATaOCeE-00351-00087960-00088217 yeah so um
+t2PNATaOCeE-00352-00088218-00088450 let's talk about you know we we
+t2PNATaOCeE-00353-00088451-00088762 mentioned its root right which you could
+t2PNATaOCeE-00354-00088763-00088937 go as far back as this as the garden of
+t2PNATaOCeE-00355-00088938-00089026 course but I want to do that we're
+t2PNATaOCeE-00356-00089027-00089362 talking Marxism in the west
+t2PNATaOCeE-00357-00089363-00089537 um and you know it started out you know
+t2PNATaOCeE-00358-00089538-00089747 they really just started out as a uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-00359-00089748-00090094 economic sort of uh and then you know uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-00360-00090095-00090235 political
+t2PNATaOCeE-00361-00090236-00090635 uh Power grab or power play to now this
+t2PNATaOCeE-00362-00090636-00090887 cultural one where it's it's really
+t2PNATaOCeE-00363-00090888-00091205 it's fragmented or decentralized but
+t2PNATaOCeE-00364-00091206-00091403 much more powerful as a result because
+t2PNATaOCeE-00365-00091404-00091618 they've got like like uh guerrilla
+t2PNATaOCeE-00366-00091619-00092059 warfare going on by having their ideas
+t2PNATaOCeE-00367-00092060-00092506 proposed in media music newspapers I
+t2PNATaOCeE-00368-00092507-00092681 mean everywhere and everything and we're
+t2PNATaOCeE-00369-00092682-00092938 just talking about the universities
+t2PNATaOCeE-00370-00092939-00093011 um
+t2PNATaOCeE-00371-00093012-00093250 certainly yeah this is I mean grampsia
+t2PNATaOCeE-00372-00093251-00093382 explicitly
+t2PNATaOCeE-00373-00093383-00093593 pointed this out as the the Long March
+t2PNATaOCeE-00374-00093594-00093743 through the institutions and as you
+t2PNATaOCeE-00375-00093744-00094085 mentioned yeah media entertainment uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-00376-00094086-00094529 law military and language and the other
+t2PNATaOCeE-00377-00094530-00094679 culture of big cultural institution
+t2PNATaOCeE-00378-00094680-00094900 being Academia being that if you can
+t2PNATaOCeE-00379-00094901-00095111 capture those those higher order
+t2PNATaOCeE-00380-00095112-00095285 institutional chess pieces then
+t2PNATaOCeE-00381-00095286-00095543 everything that is Downstream from those
+t2PNATaOCeE-00382-00095544-00095843 are going to be permeated with with this
+t2PNATaOCeE-00383-00095844-00096065 pernicious ideology and they knew it and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00384-00096066-00096329 they they they at least began that long
+t2PNATaOCeE-00385-00096330-00096605 march from you know the 30s through the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00386-00096606-00096881 the 60s radicalization with the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00387-00096882-00097253 um counter-cultural hippies beatniks uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-00388-00097254-00097450 you know women's feminist movement and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00389-00097451-00097709 and now we've we've inherited we've at
+t2PNATaOCeE-00390-00097710-00098050 least inherited three generations of
+t2PNATaOCeE-00391-00098051-00098303 the embryonic seeds of this ideology
+t2PNATaOCeE-00392-00098304-00098567 really taking full flourishing in the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00393-00098568-00098794 last five years and it goes back even
+t2PNATaOCeE-00394-00098795-00098944 further as we point out in the book
+t2PNATaOCeE-00395-00098945-00099100 really to the beginning of the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00396-00099101-00099232 Enlightenment and the removing of
+t2PNATaOCeE-00397-00099233-00099394 Aristotle from the Western mind the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00398-00099395-00099700 removing of kilos or or final causality
+t2PNATaOCeE-00399-00099701-00099953 and that's that's where we we identify
+t2PNATaOCeE-00400-00099954-00100217 the big fissure in the academic system
+t2PNATaOCeE-00401-00100218-00100600 as uh being located which is basically
+t2PNATaOCeE-00402-00100601-00100811 remove God
+t2PNATaOCeE-00403-00100812-00101038 remove yeah you remove God and you
+t2PNATaOCeE-00404-00101039-00101291 remove God's signature from the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00405-00101292-00101597 intelligible world so no a foot is no
+t2PNATaOCeE-00406-00101598-00101903 longer it has a purpose for standing uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-00407-00101904-00102137 the human beings men and women no longer
+t2PNATaOCeE-00408-00102138-00102341 have a potential for motherhood and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00409-00102342-00102568 fatherhood and family uh you know
+t2PNATaOCeE-00410-00102569-00102821 there's no intelligible end or
+t2PNATaOCeE-00411-00102822-00102994 directionality to the apprehendable
+t2PNATaOCeE-00412-00102995-00103175 universe rather everything just gets
+t2PNATaOCeE-00413-00103176-00103397 collapsed to to Mere mechanism to
+t2PNATaOCeE-00414-00103398-00103715 include human beings and you can see how
+t2PNATaOCeE-00415-00103716-00103894 the beginning of that you could say
+t2PNATaOCeE-00416-00103895-00104056 chaos
+t2PNATaOCeE-00417-00104057-00104297 okay yes the chaos yeah the chaos begins
+t2PNATaOCeE-00418-00104298-00104549 with the removal of Aristotle and and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00419-00104550-00104866 indirectly God right so uh you know chop
+t2PNATaOCeE-00420-00104867-00105095 the head off and and the you know the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00421-00105096-00105313 body becomes uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-00422-00105314-00105647 dangerous and useless no leadership no
+t2PNATaOCeE-00423-00105648-00105971 head no patriarch no father no God no
+t2PNATaOCeE-00424-00105972-00106108 families
+t2PNATaOCeE-00425-00106109-00106319 um while we're spitting in that
+t2PNATaOCeE-00426-00106320-00106493 direction I think it would be helpful so
+t2PNATaOCeE-00427-00106494-00106660 we talk about the removal of God but
+t2PNATaOCeE-00428-00106661-00106816 what are some of the other
+t2PNATaOCeE-00429-00106817-00107051 um we keep using the word ideology right
+t2PNATaOCeE-00430-00107052-00107278 so what are some of the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00431-00107279-00107963 um principles of this corrosive ideology
+t2PNATaOCeE-00432-00107964-00108286 so some of the the features of it are
+t2PNATaOCeE-00433-00108288-00108508 going to be I mean first of all none of
+t2PNATaOCeE-00434-00108509-00108683 these things are consistent so you would
+t2PNATaOCeE-00435-00108683-00108899 imagine at least an ideology would want
+t2PNATaOCeE-00436-00108900-00109097 to stick to some degree of logical
+t2PNATaOCeE-00437-00109098-00109313 consistency and you realize it's fraught
+t2PNATaOCeE-00438-00109314-00109390 with
+t2PNATaOCeE-00439-00109391-00109613 with logical consistencies but one of at
+t2PNATaOCeE-00440-00109614-00109763 the base of this
+t2PNATaOCeE-00441-00109764-00109978 is a
+t2PNATaOCeE-00442-00109979-00110273 a tacit hatred or an over hatred of God
+t2PNATaOCeE-00443-00110274-00110507 and Christianity a rejection of
+t2PNATaOCeE-00444-00110508-00110783 objective truth so the thought that all
+t2PNATaOCeE-00445-00110783-00111065 language us talking right now or making
+t2PNATaOCeE-00446-00111066-00111334 the claim the cat is on the mat or I was
+t2PNATaOCeE-00447-00111335-00111599 born in 1980 that these
+t2PNATaOCeE-00448-00111600-00111808 these claims aren't objective in any
+t2PNATaOCeE-00449-00111809-00111995 sense the two plus two is four right
+t2PNATaOCeE-00450-00111996-00112186 that there's no objective of truth that
+t2PNATaOCeE-00451-00112188-00112481 at base all language all claims are it's
+t2PNATaOCeE-00452-00112482-00112739 fundamentally just power this is derived
+t2PNATaOCeE-00453-00112740-00112954 from idiots like Michelle Foucault and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00454-00112955-00113147 Derry Don and whatnot
+t2PNATaOCeE-00455-00113148-00113351 so that I think is at the the base of
+t2PNATaOCeE-00456-00113352-00113489 things so it's a rejection of God a
+t2PNATaOCeE-00457-00113490-00113657 rejection of the possibility of
+t2PNATaOCeE-00458-00113658-00113819 objective truth
+t2PNATaOCeE-00459-00113820-00114089 that all language claims are at base
+t2PNATaOCeE-00460-00114090-00114334 power relationships and that everybody
+t2PNATaOCeE-00461-00114335-00114857 who is not uh of the Western Heritage
+t2PNATaOCeE-00462-00114858-00115157 Christian European American
+t2PNATaOCeE-00463-00115158-00115451 male patriarchical
+t2PNATaOCeE-00464-00115452-00115733 uh conservative is
+t2PNATaOCeE-00465-00115733-00116015 straight has gotten any type of any type
+t2PNATaOCeE-00466-00116016-00116249 of advantage or hierarchy that is unjust
+t2PNATaOCeE-00467-00116250-00116399 I guess that's the other thing all
+t2PNATaOCeE-00468-00116400-00116602 hierarchies are unjust and that
+t2PNATaOCeE-00469-00116603-00116927 unrelenting equality or Equity uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-00470-00116928-00117125 equality of outcome needs to be the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00471-00117126-00117358 solution and then lastly you can see
+t2PNATaOCeE-00472-00117359-00117619 this with the lgbtq
+t2PNATaOCeE-00473-00117620-00118013 iiap plus the Plus
+t2PNATaOCeE-00474-00118014-00118289 it's a placeholder for anything for any
+t2PNATaOCeE-00475-00118290-00118475 new victim group
+t2PNATaOCeE-00476-00118476-00118752 pedophilia bestiality necrophilia
+t2PNATaOCeE-00477-00118753-00118931 polyamory whatever right whatever
+t2PNATaOCeE-00478-00118932-00119086 whatever you can imagine you know
+t2PNATaOCeE-00479-00119088-00119369 there's some in principle marginalized
+t2PNATaOCeE-00480-00119370-00119699 group that gets tacked on to this in
+t2PNATaOCeE-00481-00119700-00119908 principle infinite set of Rights claims
+t2PNATaOCeE-00482-00119909-00120202 or Equity claims so the revolution never
+t2PNATaOCeE-00483-00120203-00120490 ends there is no there's no end state to
+t2PNATaOCeE-00484-00120491-00120743 it so it's not a pendulum it's a one-way
+t2PNATaOCeE-00485-00120744-00120983 ratchet it's a one-way ratchet towards
+t2PNATaOCeE-00486-00120983-00121481 perfect unending equity hmm
+t2PNATaOCeE-00487-00121482-00121727 you keep saying well they use these
+t2PNATaOCeE-00488-00121728-00121907 words they a lot of these words are are
+t2PNATaOCeE-00489-00121908-00122183 weaponized like you said so you know
+t2PNATaOCeE-00490-00122183-00122525 Equity equality
+t2PNATaOCeE-00491-00122526-00122716 ultimately for these things to exist the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00492-00122717-00122927 way that people are suggesting them or
+t2PNATaOCeE-00493-00122928-00123095 that the universities are suggesting
+t2PNATaOCeE-00494-00123096-00123365 them uh there has to be complete chaos
+t2PNATaOCeE-00495-00123366-00123643 because then everything is subjective
+t2PNATaOCeE-00496-00123644-00123869 subjective so it's whatever I think
+t2PNATaOCeE-00497-00123870-00124036 whatever I feel whatever I come up with
+t2PNATaOCeE-00498-00124038-00124189 whatever
+t2PNATaOCeE-00499-00124190-00124463 the word perversion is to you know to to
+t2PNATaOCeE-00500-00124464-00124763 change something I can make anything I
+t2PNATaOCeE-00501-00124764-00125021 want to make it and in a lot of ways it
+t2PNATaOCeE-00502-00125022-00125351 sounds like do what thou Wilt is the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00503-00125352-00125704 whole of the law it's diabolical uh I
+t2PNATaOCeE-00504-00125705-00125884 had Christopher Weston here before and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00505-00125885-00126136 he he mentioned the difference this so
+t2PNATaOCeE-00506-00126138-00126371 diabolical is to separate to make two
+t2PNATaOCeE-00507-00126372-00126743 what was one which is uh symbolical then
+t2PNATaOCeE-00508-00126744-00126886 you know he went into a great talk about
+t2PNATaOCeE-00509-00126888-00127115 how we're you know symbolized by God
+t2PNATaOCeE-00510-00127116-00127325 we're we're Sim we're symbiotic we're
+t2PNATaOCeE-00511-00127326-00127540 not diabolic but this is this splitting
+t2PNATaOCeE-00512-00127541-00127763 that we have because everyone is their
+t2PNATaOCeE-00513-00127764-00128063 own God is diabolical and I would
+t2PNATaOCeE-00514-00128064-00128201 propose and I'd love to hear your
+t2PNATaOCeE-00515-00128202-00128399 thoughts on even the unit even the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00516-00128400-00128639 reason why people are willing to go to
+t2PNATaOCeE-00517-00128640-00128951 universities is because of this uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-00518-00128952-00129202 narrative that is pumped into our soft
+t2PNATaOCeE-00519-00129203-00129634 brains through uh Disney and music and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00520-00129635-00129977 media and so forth is that my life needs
+t2PNATaOCeE-00521-00129978-00130402 to be some Grand unique Wild Ride
+t2PNATaOCeE-00522-00130403-00130771 experience uh that is that's that's
+t2PNATaOCeE-00523-00130772-00131147 discovered by following my passion I
+t2PNATaOCeE-00524-00131148-00131314 remember being caught up in this idea
+t2PNATaOCeE-00525-00131315-00131554 for so long but it's my passion so and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00526-00131555-00131752 then everything becomes subjective and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00527-00131753-00132064 we literally become our own Gods and it
+t2PNATaOCeE-00528-00132065-00132239 sounds so seductive that's the problem
+t2PNATaOCeE-00529-00132240-00132449 you know as I say this there may be
+t2PNATaOCeE-00530-00132450-00132587 people that are up that knock their head
+t2PNATaOCeE-00531-00132588-00132802 and say why wouldn't I want to follow my
+t2PNATaOCeE-00532-00132803-00132940 passion Elliot you said Follow Your
+t2PNATaOCeE-00533-00132941-00133049 Passion you're following your passion
+t2PNATaOCeE-00534-00133050-00133337 and look but that doesn't mean that life
+t2PNATaOCeE-00535-00133338-00133537 is not going to be
+t2PNATaOCeE-00536-00133538-00133889 constant dopamine Rush that you're doing
+t2PNATaOCeE-00537-00133890-00134164 something new unique novel and and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00538-00134165-00134416 experimenting with the natural law
+t2PNATaOCeE-00539-00134417-00134639 anyway rant over I just want to know
+t2PNATaOCeE-00540-00134640-00134831 your thoughts on that it's it's sort of
+t2PNATaOCeE-00541-00134832-00135178 a pervasive societal mindset I agree I
+t2PNATaOCeE-00542-00135179-00135419 totally agree I mean you see this is one
+t2PNATaOCeE-00543-00135420-00135539 of the other things we mentioned in that
+t2PNATaOCeE-00544-00135540-00135833 Fox News article is that the uh the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00545-00135834-00136061 the academy or college campuses they
+t2PNATaOCeE-00546-00136062-00136366 become this kind of adult daycare and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00547-00136367-00136564 the ethic that you just talked about
+t2PNATaOCeE-00548-00136565-00136757 gets pumped in their heads there so I
+t2PNATaOCeE-00549-00136758-00136966 mean you go why do you go to college you
+t2PNATaOCeE-00550-00136967-00137171 go there to find yourself and then you
+t2PNATaOCeE-00551-00137172-00137399 can you travel abroad to find yourself
+t2PNATaOCeE-00552-00137400-00137695 and and once again you can hear
+t2PNATaOCeE-00553-00137696-00137873 this
+t2PNATaOCeE-00554-00137874-00138154 elements of the the enlightenment
+t2PNATaOCeE-00555-00138155-00138439 lockian tabula Raza
+t2PNATaOCeE-00556-00138440-00138652 antiaristotelian view right that you
+t2PNATaOCeE-00557-00138653-00138881 don't have a nature it's it's on you to
+t2PNATaOCeE-00558-00138882-00139121 go out and just if figure you know to
+t2PNATaOCeE-00559-00139122-00139331 yeah to try different things and and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00560-00139332-00139595 you're going to find yourself as opposed
+t2PNATaOCeE-00561-00139596-00139690 to
+t2PNATaOCeE-00562-00139691-00139931 the Christian and Aristotelian view that
+t2PNATaOCeE-00563-00139932-00140254 you there's no self to find you have a
+t2PNATaOCeE-00564-00140255-00140533 nature you have a nature that is
+t2PNATaOCeE-00565-00140534-00140752 directed ultimately towards God and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00566-00140753-00140957 that's the only thing that is going to
+t2PNATaOCeE-00567-00140958-00141101 satisfy
+t2PNATaOCeE-00568-00141102-00141352 one one's orientation towards God like
+t2PNATaOCeE-00569-00141353-00141557 that's the that's what we're beings
+t2PNATaOCeE-00570-00141558-00141833 oriented towards God so if you remove
+t2PNATaOCeE-00571-00141834-00142025 that and you remove a notion of Telos
+t2PNATaOCeE-00572-00142026-00142402 then you're left with what
+t2PNATaOCeE-00573-00142403-00142583 um all these girls going off to college
+t2PNATaOCeE-00574-00142584-00142811 and they all major in Psychology right
+t2PNATaOCeE-00575-00142812-00143033 like 90 of them major in Psychology and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00576-00143034-00143261 then they say oh I I gotta figure out
+t2PNATaOCeE-00577-00143262-00143477 who I am and I'll get the psychology
+t2PNATaOCeE-00578-00143478-00143663 degree that's going to fill my head with
+t2PNATaOCeE-00579-00143664-00143921 theories to to tell me
+t2PNATaOCeE-00580-00143922-00144178 that you know this Theory or that theory
+t2PNATaOCeE-00581-00144179-00144352 or that this I could go off and travel
+t2PNATaOCeE-00582-00144353-00144497 and figure out these things to find
+t2PNATaOCeE-00583-00144498-00144707 myself
+t2PNATaOCeE-00584-00144708-00144916 what is there to find You Are a Human
+t2PNATaOCeE-00585-00144917-00145133 Being you are a man or a woman you are
+t2PNATaOCeE-00586-00145134-00145331 oriented towards God you're oriented
+t2PNATaOCeE-00587-00145332-00145552 towards family towards towards
+t2PNATaOCeE-00588-00145553-00145954 citizenship towards Nation uh this these
+t2PNATaOCeE-00589-00145955-00146123 aren't you know there's motherhood
+t2PNATaOCeE-00590-00146124-00146357 exactly part of the destruction of our
+t2PNATaOCeE-00591-00146358-00146663 society is this uh turning away from
+t2PNATaOCeE-00592-00146664-00147071 motherhood uh fatherhood and family and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00593-00147072-00147347 so you know not I'm not I'm not sexist I
+t2PNATaOCeE-00594-00147348-00147635 have three daughters but I tell them
+t2PNATaOCeE-00595-00147636-00147827 even I have three teenage daughters that
+t2PNATaOCeE-00596-00147828-00148133 you know don't turn away from the idea
+t2PNATaOCeE-00597-00148134-00148487 of motherhood don't don't issue wanting
+t2PNATaOCeE-00598-00148488-00148775 to be a wife and a mother uh as some
+t2PNATaOCeE-00599-00148776-00148961 sort of a a
+t2PNATaOCeE-00600-00148962-00149290 a less than favorable choice in life
+t2PNATaOCeE-00601-00149291-00149447 because there are a lot of these women
+t2PNATaOCeE-00602-00149448-00149669 with these high degrees climbing the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00603-00149670-00149854 corporate ladder that are ultimately
+t2PNATaOCeE-00604-00149855-00150064 miserable
+t2PNATaOCeE-00605-00150065-00150269 and so finally again this whole idea of
+t2PNATaOCeE-00606-00150270-00150509 needing to find oneself why does it have
+t2PNATaOCeE-00607-00150510-00150845 to be an expensive dangerous Journey
+t2PNATaOCeE-00608-00150846-00151043 only to find out hey I really should
+t2PNATaOCeE-00609-00151044-00151259 have just stayed with what I was which
+t2PNATaOCeE-00610-00151260-00151595 is a young lady that would that is
+t2PNATaOCeE-00611-00151596-00151895 created in the image of God
+t2PNATaOCeE-00612-00151896-00152140 which is represented in my union with
+t2PNATaOCeE-00613-00152141-00152411 man and procreation like that's a good
+t2PNATaOCeE-00614-00152412-00152597 that's a good starting place for what we
+t2PNATaOCeE-00615-00152598-00152902 are yeah yeah I mean and you'll you'll
+t2PNATaOCeE-00616-00152903-00153095 hear these folks
+t2PNATaOCeE-00617-00153096-00153335 they'll try to bombard men and women
+t2PNATaOCeE-00618-00153336-00153497 going to college as well this is all
+t2PNATaOCeE-00619-00153498-00153749 just a social construct no it isn't I
+t2PNATaOCeE-00620-00153750-00153952 mean you see cross-culturally across all
+t2PNATaOCeE-00621-00153953-00154211 ages right when boys get together what
+t2PNATaOCeE-00622-00154212-00154409 do they do they they pick up sticks and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00623-00154410-00154690 rocks and that they they play fight or
+t2PNATaOCeE-00624-00154691-00154835 they real fight when girls get together
+t2PNATaOCeE-00625-00154836-00155116 they they pick up dolls and they they
+t2PNATaOCeE-00626-00155117-00155375 mimic motherhood this isn't this isn't
+t2PNATaOCeE-00627-00155376-00155578 some cultural social brainwashing this
+t2PNATaOCeE-00628-00155579-00155735 is cross-culturally everywhere because
+t2PNATaOCeE-00629-00155736-00155945 we are the types of beings that are
+t2PNATaOCeE-00630-00155946-00156166 wired and naturally directed towards
+t2PNATaOCeE-00631-00156167-00156466 those things and it requires this this
+t2PNATaOCeE-00632-00156467-00156839 entire trillion dollar apparatus to
+t2PNATaOCeE-00633-00156840-00157090 graft over the world and and brainwash
+t2PNATaOCeE-00634-00157091-00157343 these folks you know I fell into myself
+t2PNATaOCeE-00635-00157344-00157631 for decades that's a social propaganda
+t2PNATaOCeE-00636-00157632-00157828 only for them to realize on the other
+t2PNATaOCeE-00637-00157829-00158009 side that it's they still want want
+t2PNATaOCeE-00638-00158010-00158237 fatherhood motherhood even despite all
+t2PNATaOCeE-00639-00158238-00158440 of all the indoctrination yeah
+t2PNATaOCeE-00640-00158441-00158626 absolutely yeah you'll always make your
+t2PNATaOCeE-00641-00158627-00158825 way back yeah Nature Nature Nature can't
+t2PNATaOCeE-00642-00158826-00158999 be resisted nature sounds can you say
+t2PNATaOCeE-00643-00159000-00159269 nature and so you know there's one term
+t2PNATaOCeE-00644-00159270-00159628 that I've has become uh more prolific in
+t2PNATaOCeE-00645-00159629-00159899 my language since becoming Catholic is
+t2PNATaOCeE-00646-00159900-00160157 natural law natural law there's a
+t2PNATaOCeE-00647-00160158-00160373 natural law uh you don't hear too much
+t2PNATaOCeE-00648-00160374-00160589 about that in in the way that we're
+t2PNATaOCeE-00649-00160590-00160769 talking about in terms there's a way
+t2PNATaOCeE-00650-00160770-00161021 that things just are and it needs to be
+t2PNATaOCeE-00651-00161022-00161231 honored and if not uh you're gonna
+t2PNATaOCeE-00652-00161232-00161507 suffer would you be willing to you you
+t2PNATaOCeE-00653-00161508-00161819 keep using the term uh aristotomist
+t2PNATaOCeE-00654-00161820-00162023 right that's also new to me but I
+t2PNATaOCeE-00655-00162024-00162233 understand we're talking about Aristotle
+t2PNATaOCeE-00656-00162234-00162539 and uh Thomas Aquinas and and those
+t2PNATaOCeE-00657-00162540-00162859 being the two great
+t2PNATaOCeE-00658-00162860-00163054 minds I don't know if you would call
+t2PNATaOCeE-00659-00163055-00163271 them Scholars but you know philosophy
+t2PNATaOCeE-00660-00163272-00163547 and theology that built the west of
+t2PNATaOCeE-00661-00163548-00163613 course
+t2PNATaOCeE-00662-00163614-00163859 we hear more Neil Marxist stuff today
+t2PNATaOCeE-00663-00163860-00164147 our whole society is basically built off
+t2PNATaOCeE-00664-00164148-00164321 of Karl Marx in a way I mean there's
+t2PNATaOCeE-00665-00164322-00164585 guys that predated him I mean there's a
+t2PNATaOCeE-00666-00164586-00164873 lot going on there but the opposite of
+t2PNATaOCeE-00667-00164874-00165190 that that we lived for say 2 000 years
+t2PNATaOCeE-00668-00165191-00165521 was aristotomist could you tell me more
+t2PNATaOCeE-00669-00165522-00165689 about that where that word comes from
+t2PNATaOCeE-00670-00165690-00165833 what that's all about and what are the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00671-00165834-00166073 principles of coming back home right
+t2PNATaOCeE-00672-00166074-00166349 yeah yeah so in brief
+t2PNATaOCeE-00673-00166350-00166595 uh Aristotle had was trying to
+t2PNATaOCeE-00674-00166596-00166793 articulate an account of the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00675-00166794-00166990 intelligibility of the world and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00676-00166991-00167351 causality and he has this theory of four
+t2PNATaOCeE-00677-00167352-00167813 causes so the the formal the efficient
+t2PNATaOCeE-00678-00167814-00168304 um the final and the um material cause
+t2PNATaOCeE-00679-00168305-00168557 so if I have a table for instance right
+t2PNATaOCeE-00680-00168558-00168731 so that the material caused the tables
+t2PNATaOCeE-00681-00168732-00168875 is like what it's made out of its
+t2PNATaOCeE-00682-00168876-00169151 substance it's wood the formal cause is
+t2PNATaOCeE-00683-00169152-00169343 the shape that it's a table and not a
+t2PNATaOCeE-00684-00169344-00169721 chair or a um you know a cuckoo clock uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-00685-00169722-00169925 the efficient cause is the processes by
+t2PNATaOCeE-00686-00169926-00170237 which the uh the table was made so you
+t2PNATaOCeE-00687-00170238-00170425 can picture the a
+t2PNATaOCeE-00688-00170426-00170795 woodworker you know chiseling the uh the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00689-00170796-00171028 uh the table into existence and then the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00690-00171029-00171316 final cause and this this is the big big
+t2PNATaOCeE-00691-00171317-00171545 element that was removed from the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00692-00171546-00171826 Western mine was also known as Telos is
+t2PNATaOCeE-00693-00171827-00172061 the well what is the table for right
+t2PNATaOCeE-00694-00172062-00172283 what in the mind of the Creator in the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00695-00172284-00172528 mind of the sculptor why is he making
+t2PNATaOCeE-00696-00172529-00172787 this thing it's like oh well he wants
+t2PNATaOCeE-00697-00172788-00173026 this thing that he can put things on so
+t2PNATaOCeE-00698-00173027-00173225 he can he can write he can eat he can
+t2PNATaOCeE-00699-00173226-00173416 have people over and and they can they
+t2PNATaOCeE-00700-00173417-00173609 can have a party and have a dinner
+t2PNATaOCeE-00701-00173610-00173878 around it and if you remove any of those
+t2PNATaOCeE-00702-00173879-00174149 things uh then it ceases to to be a
+t2PNATaOCeE-00703-00174150-00174304 table right I can't have a table made
+t2PNATaOCeE-00704-00174305-00174599 out of liquid water uh if it's shaped
+t2PNATaOCeE-00705-00174600-00174785 like a chair it's you know it's not
+t2PNATaOCeE-00706-00174786-00175037 gonna be a table it's Etc
+t2PNATaOCeE-00707-00175038-00175451 when uh Thomas gets a whole so I mean
+t2PNATaOCeE-00708-00175452-00175637 all these things that you know by the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00709-00175638-00175757 way this this last idea of final
+t2PNATaOCeE-00710-00175758-00176045 causality points to not just a small
+t2PNATaOCeE-00711-00176046-00176363 scale human Creator but a big Creator
+t2PNATaOCeE-00712-00176364-00176675 right so we can look out and look at the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00713-00176676-00176909 world and we can see final
+t2PNATaOCeE-00714-00176910-00177161 formal efficient material causality in
+t2PNATaOCeE-00715-00177162-00177376 the apprehendable and intelligible world
+t2PNATaOCeE-00716-00177377-00177611 so that's what Aristotle the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00717-00177612-00177814 Aristotelian that's amazing if I could
+t2PNATaOCeE-00718-00177815-00178043 just you know sum up what you're saying
+t2PNATaOCeE-00719-00178044-00178325 everything is created for a reason there
+t2PNATaOCeE-00720-00178326-00178547 you go and it's created in such a way
+t2PNATaOCeE-00721-00178548-00178840 that it will fulfill its purpose and as
+t2PNATaOCeE-00722-00178841-00178997 long as it's purpose as long as it's
+t2PNATaOCeE-00723-00178998-00179152 being used in the way that it was
+t2PNATaOCeE-00724-00179153-00179404 designed to be used its purpose is
+t2PNATaOCeE-00725-00179405-00179537 fulfilled
+t2PNATaOCeE-00726-00179538-00179771 and you know that's a hard thing for the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00727-00179772-00180004 modern mind to accept because that means
+t2PNATaOCeE-00728-00180005-00180161 there's a right and a wrong way to do
+t2PNATaOCeE-00729-00180162-00180395 things yeah yeah it is yeah and that I'm
+t2PNATaOCeE-00730-00180396-00180599 not free to make my choice about the way
+t2PNATaOCeE-00731-00180600-00180809 I think it should look and it's so funny
+t2PNATaOCeE-00732-00180810-00180919 because you know if we're actually
+t2PNATaOCeE-00733-00180920-00181271 trying to find ourselves why not read
+t2PNATaOCeE-00734-00181272-00181738 the user's manual why not go to what our
+t2PNATaOCeE-00735-00181739-00181961 creator had in mind
+t2PNATaOCeE-00736-00181962-00182201 but there is no Creator and so this is
+t2PNATaOCeE-00737-00182202-00182357 why we have the diet is that right yeah
+t2PNATaOCeE-00738-00182358-00182633 so the yeah so the one might just say
+t2PNATaOCeE-00739-00182634-00182885 well yeah follow your conscience
+t2PNATaOCeE-00740-00182886-00183107 you know trust what your gut instinct
+t2PNATaOCeE-00741-00183108-00183299 and what what nature is telling you to
+t2PNATaOCeE-00742-00183300-00183593 to do and do that and you could see
+t2PNATaOCeE-00743-00183594-00183826 something like how pernicious something
+t2PNATaOCeE-00744-00183827-00184031 like
+t2PNATaOCeE-00745-00184032-00184390 um contraception is towards uh blocking
+t2PNATaOCeE-00746-00184391-00184690 what those uh or homosexuality or
+t2PNATaOCeE-00747-00184691-00184835 homosexual practices now you can
+t2PNATaOCeE-00748-00184836-00185188 suddenly see if there is Telos and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00749-00185189-00185416 purpose in the world towards
+t2PNATaOCeE-00750-00185417-00185711 flourishing towards a thing you know fi
+t2PNATaOCeE-00751-00185712-00185914 or humans in particular creatures
+t2PNATaOCeE-00752-00185915-00186137 realizing they're full flourishing their
+t2PNATaOCeE-00753-00186138-00186347 full actuality the things that get in
+t2PNATaOCeE-00754-00186348-00186635 the way and block these things are going
+t2PNATaOCeE-00755-00186636-00186947 to be wrong and and disordered so yeah
+t2PNATaOCeE-00756-00186948-00187114 every Everything has a purpose human
+t2PNATaOCeE-00757-00187115-00187337 beings have a unique purpose ordered
+t2PNATaOCeE-00758-00187338-00187511 towards the Creator
+t2PNATaOCeE-00759-00187512-00187697 Thomas
+t2PNATaOCeE-00760-00187698-00187978 reads Aristotle and and rehabilitates
+t2PNATaOCeE-00761-00187979-00188302 this in light of uh Revelation and and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00762-00188303-00188543 Christ's coming and says Aristotle like
+t2PNATaOCeE-00763-00188544-00188675 he almost gets there he points towards
+t2PNATaOCeE-00764-00188676-00189011 God but we don't have a intervening you
+t2PNATaOCeE-00765-00189012-00189269 know the creature coming as man to to
+t2PNATaOCeE-00766-00189270-00189623 Really Hammer the point home and and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00767-00189624-00189973 instruct his Creations so
+t2PNATaOCeE-00768-00189974-00190259 Aquinas really becomes the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00769-00190260-00190571 the articulation of early Christian
+t2PNATaOCeE-00770-00190572-00190895 thought and an Aristotelian thought and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00771-00190896-00191099 uh and and he helps put those things
+t2PNATaOCeE-00772-00191100-00191261 together and then in terms of natural
+t2PNATaOCeE-00773-00191262-00191549 law uh he articulates you know any
+t2PNATaOCeE-00774-00191550-00191693 number of things particularly the idea
+t2PNATaOCeE-00775-00191694-00191975 of act and potency so you can have
+t2PNATaOCeE-00776-00191976-00192263 um something having the potential like a
+t2PNATaOCeE-00777-00192264-00192509 Acorn has the potential of becoming a
+t2PNATaOCeE-00778-00192510-00192766 tree uh woman has the potential of
+t2PNATaOCeE-00779-00192767-00193031 becoming a mother a man and woman have
+t2PNATaOCeE-00780-00193032-00193337 the potential of becoming a family uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-00781-00193338-00193523 disaggregated groups of families have
+t2PNATaOCeE-00782-00193524-00193751 the potential to become a nation and a
+t2PNATaOCeE-00783-00193752-00194116 well-ordered civilization etc etc uh so
+t2PNATaOCeE-00784-00194117-00194321 natural law then builds up and then we
+t2PNATaOCeE-00785-00194322-00194513 can get you know various Notions of
+t2PNATaOCeE-00786-00194514-00194771 social order and governance uh from from
+t2PNATaOCeE-00787-00194772-00195137 these ideas you know it's
+t2PNATaOCeE-00788-00195138-00195473 hard right because it requires an act of
+t2PNATaOCeE-00789-00195474-00195923 the will uh to to ascend to some of
+t2PNATaOCeE-00790-00195924-00196073 these ideas that you're proposing like
+t2PNATaOCeE-00791-00196074-00196325 uh especially for our postmodern mind
+t2PNATaOCeE-00792-00196326-00196493 that
+t2PNATaOCeE-00793-00196494-00196835 you know my potential is a is as a woman
+t2PNATaOCeE-00794-00196836-00197081 but now I have to fight against the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00795-00197082-00197309 pressures of the world you know as a
+t2PNATaOCeE-00796-00197310-00197788 woman to not you know in other words
+t2PNATaOCeE-00797-00197789-00198083 it's easy to go with the flow it's easy
+t2PNATaOCeE-00798-00198084-00198299 to go with the current thing I think GJ
+t2PNATaOCeE-00799-00198300-00198611 Kesterson said that uh to go with the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00800-00198612-00198821 current means that you're dead and so
+t2PNATaOCeE-00801-00198822-00199013 only dead wood goes with the current but
+t2PNATaOCeE-00802-00199014-00199157 it's so easy to go with the current
+t2PNATaOCeE-00803-00199158-00199414 thing uh that is of course you know it
+t2PNATaOCeE-00804-00199415-00199625 almost is like Counter Culture some of
+t2PNATaOCeE-00805-00199626-00199840 this aristotomist stuff that you're
+t2PNATaOCeE-00806-00199841-00200002 talking about it's so foreign to the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00807-00200003-00200219 modern mind that well there's a way for
+t2PNATaOCeE-00808-00200220-00200495 a man to be or there's a way for a
+t2PNATaOCeE-00809-00200496-00200657 family to be where we're told oh there's
+t2PNATaOCeE-00810-00200658-00200902 all different kinds of families there's
+t2PNATaOCeE-00811-00200903-00201166 all different kinds of men men can have
+t2PNATaOCeE-00812-00201167-00201478 babies too we're told all these wild and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00813-00201479-00201826 wacky ideas that I I it almost seems
+t2PNATaOCeE-00814-00201827-00201911 like
+t2PNATaOCeE-00815-00201912-00202259 you know I think Paul says somewhere in
+t2PNATaOCeE-00816-00202260-00202438 the Bible about the darkening of the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00817-00202439-00202678 intellect I think was in Romans that are
+t2PNATaOCeE-00818-00202679-00202907 in when we don't have God our intellect
+t2PNATaOCeE-00819-00202908-00203116 gets so darkened that we basically fall
+t2PNATaOCeE-00820-00203117-00203387 for anything and so this laziness it's
+t2PNATaOCeE-00821-00203388-00203561 almost like God offers us up he says
+t2PNATaOCeE-00822-00203562-00203800 this in Romans 2 that God offers us up
+t2PNATaOCeE-00823-00203801-00204064 to our sins like we indulge in them and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00824-00204065-00204269 it's so easy it's so pervasive and it's
+t2PNATaOCeE-00825-00204270-00204463 it's so
+t2PNATaOCeE-00826-00204464-00204719 effeminate meaning like there's no
+t2PNATaOCeE-00827-00204720-00204838 challenge
+t2PNATaOCeE-00828-00204839-00205048 uh yeah yeah I think we get a great
+t2PNATaOCeE-00829-00205050-00205360 challenge in our day which is to return
+t2PNATaOCeE-00830-00205361-00205727 to these aristotomist ideas my question
+t2PNATaOCeE-00831-00205728-00206177 uh for you along that lines is where did
+t2PNATaOCeE-00832-00206178-00206407 first of all where did the aristotomist
+t2PNATaOCeE-00833-00206408-00206753 natural law everything has its purpose
+t2PNATaOCeE-00834-00206754-00206927 and its place and there's a right way to
+t2PNATaOCeE-00835-00206928-00207214 do things and of course
+t2PNATaOCeE-00836-00207215-00207466 you know the the inclusion of theology
+t2PNATaOCeE-00837-00207467-00207731 where did that when in our history did
+t2PNATaOCeE-00838-00207732-00208007 that flourish what were the fruits and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00839-00208008-00208301 where did we drop the ball and you know
+t2PNATaOCeE-00840-00208302-00208403 I know you probably mentioned the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00841-00208404-00208546 enlightenment or something like that but
+t2PNATaOCeE-00842-00208548-00208696 it's kind of one another history of
+t2PNATaOCeE-00843-00208698-00208936 these ideas I would say I mean even yeah
+t2PNATaOCeE-00844-00208937-00209153 going back prior to the enlightenment I
+t2PNATaOCeE-00845-00209154-00209344 think you'd really have to if
+t2PNATaOCeE-00846-00209346-00209536 Enlightenment liberalism is secular
+t2PNATaOCeE-00847-00209537-00209765 protestantism then really you'd have to
+t2PNATaOCeE-00848-00209766-00209921 go back to Martin Luther in the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00849-00209921-00210142 beginning of protestantism as being the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00850-00210144-00210448 the the the major split where you start
+t2PNATaOCeE-00851-00210450-00210757 you start to sing a falling away from
+t2PNATaOCeE-00852-00210758-00211225 papal Authority and and uh the a lineage
+t2PNATaOCeE-00853-00211226-00211589 patriarchal an unbroken lineage from
+t2PNATaOCeE-00854-00211590-00211925 God to Christ to Peter through the early
+t2PNATaOCeE-00855-00211926-00212201 church fathers to all the way to Luther
+t2PNATaOCeE-00856-00212202-00212615 so I think that even prior to secular uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-00857-00212616-00212873 modern Enlightenment accounts of you
+t2PNATaOCeE-00858-00212873-00212987 know all these various like social
+t2PNATaOCeE-00859-00212988-00213232 contract theory guys whether it's lock
+t2PNATaOCeE-00860-00213233-00213558 or Hobbes or um
+t2PNATaOCeE-00861-00213559-00213941 uh Kant and whatnot right they're
+t2PNATaOCeE-00862-00213942-00214132 they're all hitting the ground running
+t2PNATaOCeE-00863-00214133-00214348 articulating
+t2PNATaOCeE-00864-00214350-00214741 a kind of secular project protestantism
+t2PNATaOCeE-00865-00214742-00215069 that is assuming an anthropology of man
+t2PNATaOCeE-00866-00215069-00215225 that is not
+t2PNATaOCeE-00867-00215226-00215482 uh Catholic and is it's not Aristotelian
+t2PNATaOCeE-00868-00215483-00215729 right it's removed of final causality
+t2PNATaOCeE-00869-00215730-00215951 it's removed of purpose and that's why
+t2PNATaOCeE-00870-00215952-00216191 you can then look at
+t2PNATaOCeE-00871-00216192-00216371 any number of these contractualist
+t2PNATaOCeE-00872-00216371-00216605 accounts that say okay well we're all
+t2PNATaOCeE-00873-00216606-00217084 just just bare Minds with no no uh uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-00874-00217085-00217319 Direction and we can we can choose our
+t2PNATaOCeE-00875-00217319-00217469 own individual
+t2PNATaOCeE-00876-00217469-00217703 flourishing and now let's just sort out
+t2PNATaOCeE-00877-00217704-00217871 amongst our so we'll just you know you
+t2PNATaOCeE-00878-00217871-00218171 do you I'll do me and uh we just won't
+t2PNATaOCeE-00879-00218171-00218401 harm one another and we'll have like
+t2PNATaOCeE-00880-00218402-00218603 theories of property rights or something
+t2PNATaOCeE-00881-00218604-00218831 that that will be what
+t2PNATaOCeE-00882-00218832-00219167 um we we now hold as uh the Arbiter of
+t2PNATaOCeE-00883-00219167-00219563 how we interact and uh you know so I
+t2PNATaOCeE-00884-00219564-00219784 think the the big fissures yeah it
+t2PNATaOCeE-00885-00219785-00220037 starts with modern Luther and this the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00886-00220038-00220348 individual interpretation of of of the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00887-00220350-00220594 Bible and then that iterates itself and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00888-00220596-00220798 secular humanist versions of you you do
+t2PNATaOCeE-00889-00220800-00221134 you I'm sure yes making up our own rules
+t2PNATaOCeE-00890-00221135-00221339 yep
+t2PNATaOCeE-00891-00221340-00221669 so can I ask you you know a lot of this
+t2PNATaOCeE-00892-00221669-00221998 is new to me I'm learning as I go along
+t2PNATaOCeE-00893-00222000-00222191 um I've learned that the Dark Ages maybe
+t2PNATaOCeE-00894-00222192-00222448 weren't so dark and I think another way
+t2PNATaOCeE-00895-00222450-00222634 we can describe it is is the middle age
+t2PNATaOCeE-00896-00222635-00222965 the Middle Ages am I correct or correct
+t2PNATaOCeE-00897-00222966-00223217 me and please leave me the right way but
+t2PNATaOCeE-00898-00223217-00223475 when and where in Western culture did
+t2PNATaOCeE-00899-00223476-00223865 the aristotomist uh world view hold Sway
+t2PNATaOCeE-00900-00223866-00224273 and what were the fruits thereof
+t2PNATaOCeE-00901-00224273-00224525 yeah yeah this is yeah during the Middle
+t2PNATaOCeE-00902-00224526-00224879 Ages the the Scholastic uh period and uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-00903-00224880-00225203 this is where you would would have found
+t2PNATaOCeE-00904-00225204-00225382 um amongst other things the the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00905-00225383-00225658 beginning of the University system in in
+t2PNATaOCeE-00906-00225659-00226144 France that uh had a noble class that
+t2PNATaOCeE-00907-00226146-00226384 was taught by you know Pious theistic
+t2PNATaOCeE-00908-00226385-00226642 monks monk Scholars uh that then
+t2PNATaOCeE-00909-00226644-00227021 informed you know military Statesmen law
+t2PNATaOCeE-00910-00227021-00227237 medicine Etc and then that had trickled
+t2PNATaOCeE-00911-00227238-00227675 down to you know various guilds and uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-00912-00227676-00228065 various Tradesmen and the um Warriors so
+t2PNATaOCeE-00913-00228066-00228305 you had a much more integrated
+t2PNATaOCeE-00914-00228306-00228587 Society in an integrated set of persons
+t2PNATaOCeE-00915-00228588-00228869 that you know it wasn't just a
+t2PNATaOCeE-00916-00228869-00229175 mirrors of individuals all
+t2PNATaOCeE-00917-00229176-00229408 scrambling to find themselves or to
+t2PNATaOCeE-00918-00229409-00229648 enact their own their own purpose it was
+t2PNATaOCeE-00919-00229650-00230008 a well-ordered society with a notion of
+t2PNATaOCeE-00920-00230009-00230303 where one fits into it uh everybody
+t2PNATaOCeE-00921-00230304-00230605 oriented towards towards the most high
+t2PNATaOCeE-00922-00230606-00231046 and uh you know a um a thick notion of
+t2PNATaOCeE-00923-00231048-00231196 the common good
+t2PNATaOCeE-00924-00231198-00231406 as opposed to an absence of the common
+t2PNATaOCeE-00925-00231407-00231658 good and everybody just kind of you know
+t2PNATaOCeE-00926-00231659-00231929 you keep politics and religion in your
+t2PNATaOCeE-00927-00231930-00232108 private space and we'll just do economic
+t2PNATaOCeE-00928-00232109-00232396 reaction uh economic interactions in the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00929-00232398-00232684 the common space and uh you can look at
+t2PNATaOCeE-00930-00232685-00232798 the architecture at the time the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00931-00232800-00233213 architecture was built upon you know uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-00932-00233214-00233525 Aristotelian principles of of form and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00933-00233526-00233675 uh and purpose
+t2PNATaOCeE-00934-00233676-00233975 and uh likewise with the artwork
+t2PNATaOCeE-00935-00233976-00234269 likewise with the the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00936-00234269-00234484 um inventions and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00937-00234485-00234839 um yeah infrastructure so there was
+t2PNATaOCeE-00938-00234840-00235192 maximal coherence in in that time period
+t2PNATaOCeE-00939-00235194-00235444 you use the word Scholastic there before
+t2PNATaOCeE-00940-00235446-00235619 and that's a term that we use when you
+t2PNATaOCeE-00941-00235619-00235853 think you know being schooled
+t2PNATaOCeE-00942-00235854-00236087 um am I correct in my assertion that it
+t2PNATaOCeE-00943-00236088-00236284 was the church that started the first
+t2PNATaOCeE-00944-00236285-00236555 universities yeah certainly yeah this is
+t2PNATaOCeE-00945-00236556-00236848 uh in uh in France in particular French
+t2PNATaOCeE-00946-00236850-00237298 monks the uh universitas was the the the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00947-00237300-00237689 first formal iteration of of the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00948-00237690-00238091 University system and yeah that's
+t2PNATaOCeE-00949-00238092-00238313 that that was where where we've um
+t2PNATaOCeE-00950-00238314-00238529 that's our heritage
+t2PNATaOCeE-00951-00238530-00238708 oh it's amazing because it's been
+t2PNATaOCeE-00952-00238709-00238984 weaponized against us it's a complete I
+t2PNATaOCeE-00953-00238985-00239227 wonder if there are any really good
+t2PNATaOCeE-00954-00239228-00239542 aristotomist yeah
+t2PNATaOCeE-00955-00239544-00239760 um you know classical Catholic
+t2PNATaOCeE-00956-00239761-00239944 universities or schools out there
+t2PNATaOCeE-00957-00239946-00240101 anymore because even if you go to you
+t2PNATaOCeE-00958-00240102-00240298 know I went to a Catholic University and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00959-00240300-00240460 it was nothing Catholic about what we
+t2PNATaOCeE-00960-00240461-00240791 were doing there yeah the uh that's
+t2PNATaOCeE-00961-00240792-00240989 really unfortunate uh particularly how
+t2PNATaOCeE-00962-00240990-00241096 you look at
+t2PNATaOCeE-00963-00241098-00241348 uh Boston College or Georgetown which
+t2PNATaOCeE-00964-00241350-00241606 are even when I was at Notre Dame there
+t2PNATaOCeE-00965-00241607-00241960 was uh is normally Catholic but it you
+t2PNATaOCeE-00966-00241961-00242129 could definitely feel how secular it had
+t2PNATaOCeE-00967-00242130-00242392 become I guess if if people are
+t2PNATaOCeE-00968-00242394-00242555 interested in trying to find classical
+t2PNATaOCeE-00969-00242556-00242801 aristotomist universities the the Newman
+t2PNATaOCeE-00970-00242802-00243023 list that we we list in the book If you
+t2PNATaOCeE-00971-00243023-00243334 go to the Newman schools there's 20 or
+t2PNATaOCeE-00972-00243335-00243701 so Newman list schools that are that
+t2PNATaOCeE-00973-00243702-00243898 that meet the the Newman list criteria
+t2PNATaOCeE-00974-00243900-00244127 as as counting as actually real deal
+t2PNATaOCeE-00975-00244128-00244373 aristotomist so there's still places
+t2PNATaOCeE-00976-00244373-00244642 that haven't been infected by the by the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00977-00244644-00244948 rot but uh you gotta you really got to
+t2PNATaOCeE-00978-00244950-00245092 do your research but there are there are
+t2PNATaOCeE-00979-00245094-00245410 islands There Are Places it's not
+t2PNATaOCeE-00980-00245411-00245627 it's not fully it's just uh don't go to
+t2PNATaOCeE-00981-00245628-00245981 99.9 of colleges didn't work so well for
+t2PNATaOCeE-00982-00245982-00246292 a title so the universities these
+t2PNATaOCeE-00983-00246294-00246473 secular universities you know they're
+t2PNATaOCeE-00984-00246473-00246742 weaponized in that
+t2PNATaOCeE-00985-00246744-00246965 they change our mind right so we got
+t2PNATaOCeE-00986-00246966-00247181 critical theory and you know the the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00987-00247182-00247355 Diabolical teachings of these
+t2PNATaOCeE-00988-00247356-00247565 universities but also they're they're an
+t2PNATaOCeE-00989-00247566-00247829 economic weapon against the youth
+t2PNATaOCeE-00990-00247830-00247984 because now the you know at least in
+t2PNATaOCeE-00991-00247985-00248255 America it is now ball and chain that
+t2PNATaOCeE-00992-00248256-00248434 they have to drag of course that was the
+t2PNATaOCeE-00993-00248435-00248639 first thing that took me off to
+t2PNATaOCeE-00994-00248640-00248789 University being a hoax and then
+t2PNATaOCeE-00995-00248790-00248908 learning about you know the Federal
+t2PNATaOCeE-00996-00248909-00249142 Reserve Bank and the banking system and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00997-00249144-00249371 you know how it really is a ball and
+t2PNATaOCeE-00998-00249371-00249479 chain
+t2PNATaOCeE-00999-00249480-00249634 um you mentioned I love the fact that
+t2PNATaOCeE-01000-00249635-00249821 you brought up the Newman list you know
+t2PNATaOCeE-01001-00249821-00250001 I'm not a scholar but I'm a very curious
+t2PNATaOCeE-01002-00250002-00250384 guy I like learning I enjoy reading uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-01003-00250385-00250642 what so you mentioned there are a
+t2PNATaOCeE-01004-00250644-00250787 handful of universities that are worth
+t2PNATaOCeE-01005-00250788-00251069 going to why would someone you know
+t2PNATaOCeE-01006-00251069-00251284 given that when we're not looking at the
+t2PNATaOCeE-01007-00251285-00251591 University in terms of economic weapon
+t2PNATaOCeE-01008-00251592-00251896 but as a cultivation of the Soul
+t2PNATaOCeE-01009-00251898-00252034 um but of course you know maybe there's
+t2PNATaOCeE-01010-00252035-00252215 economic benefit to it I don't want to
+t2PNATaOCeE-01011-00252216-00252382 Discount that
+t2PNATaOCeE-01012-00252383-00252646 um why would one choose to go to even
+t2PNATaOCeE-01013-00252648-00252856 one of these universities
+t2PNATaOCeE-01014-00252857-00253019 so I could see a
+t2PNATaOCeE-01015-00253019-00253360 variety of answers one if you really do
+t2PNATaOCeE-01016-00253361-00253721 feel a calling to learn about
+t2PNATaOCeE-01017-00253721-00253991 Theology and Christian thought in in
+t2PNATaOCeE-01018-00253992-00254255 depth taught by experts then that'd be a
+t2PNATaOCeE-01019-00254256-00254573 reason to go uh another reason would be
+t2PNATaOCeE-01020-00254573-00254896 to if you wanted to to be a lawyer or
+t2PNATaOCeE-01021-00254898-00255131 doctor or you know some type of engineer
+t2PNATaOCeE-01022-00255132-00255413 that required that type of
+t2PNATaOCeE-01023-00255414-00255571 um precise
+t2PNATaOCeE-01024-00255571-00255881 Technical Training
+t2PNATaOCeE-01025-00255882-00256144 um a caveat to that so many folks think
+t2PNATaOCeE-01026-00256146-00256289 well I'll just you know I'll send my kid
+t2PNATaOCeE-01027-00256290-00256613 to stem and he'll be fine dude stem his
+t2PNATaOCeE-01028-00256614-00256913 most stem is now woke as well so you're
+t2PNATaOCeE-01029-00256914-00257225 not doing just Bare Bones signs it's
+t2PNATaOCeE-01030-00257226-00257506 idiot it's politically uh ideologically
+t2PNATaOCeE-01031-00257507-00257944 Laden science uh so be careful with that
+t2PNATaOCeE-01032-00257946-00258106 um and I guess the other reason you look
+t2PNATaOCeE-01033-00258107-00258251 at something like Steubenville for
+t2PNATaOCeE-01034-00258252-00258515 instance right uh Steubenville has uh St
+t2PNATaOCeE-01035-00258516-00258773 Joseph the workers uh college which is
+t2PNATaOCeE-01036-00258773-00258923 sort of attached to it where you can go
+t2PNATaOCeE-01037-00258923-00259253 and you can get a uh sped up in the
+t2PNATaOCeE-01038-00259254-00259708 trades and be out the door with a degree
+t2PNATaOCeE-01039-00259709-00260069 in the trades that is also informed by a
+t2PNATaOCeE-01040-00260069-00260296 Christian uh pedagogy or Catholic
+t2PNATaOCeE-01041-00260298-00260555 pedagogy and be out the door making yeah
+t2PNATaOCeE-01042-00260556-00260663 yeah
+t2PNATaOCeE-01043-00260664-00261029 really so something like that that is
+t2PNATaOCeE-01044-00261030-00261232 pretty amazing so St Joseph the Worker
+t2PNATaOCeE-01045-00261233-00261365 they teach
+t2PNATaOCeE-01046-00261366-00261592 skills trades like you like you know to
+t2PNATaOCeE-01047-00261594-00261791 be an electrician or you know to fix
+t2PNATaOCeE-01048-00261792-00261971 automobiles or it's like a Catholic
+t2PNATaOCeE-01049-00261971-00262560 trade construction yeah
+t2PNATaOCeE-01050-00262561-00262949 Joseph the Worker exactly so
+t2PNATaOCeE-01051-00262950-00263134 um so that that might be a reason so
+t2PNATaOCeE-01052-00263135-00263243 those are those are the ones I could
+t2PNATaOCeE-01053-00263244-00263458 think of you know theology
+t2PNATaOCeE-01054-00263459-00263591 um some of the the higher order
+t2PNATaOCeE-01055-00263592-00263771 professions that require you know a
+t2PNATaOCeE-01056-00263772-00263993 little bit of technical smart Advanced
+t2PNATaOCeE-01057-00263994-00264232 knowledge and then trades but trades
+t2PNATaOCeE-01058-00264233-00264556 that are oriented in the direction of
+t2PNATaOCeE-01059-00264557-00264875 of uh Christ not just trades for trade's
+t2PNATaOCeE-01060-00264876-00265121 sake so I think those to my mind though
+t2PNATaOCeE-01061-00265122-00265277 that's an excellent model
+t2PNATaOCeE-01062-00265278-00265475 and this is an updated model of what the
+t2PNATaOCeE-01063-00265476-00265697 old University system uh what it would
+t2PNATaOCeE-01064-00265698-00265979 have looked like so wow and I guess you
+t2PNATaOCeE-01065-00265980-00266141 know the way forward is the way back
+t2PNATaOCeE-01066-00266142-00266410 because it's the only thing that sounds
+t2PNATaOCeE-01067-00266411-00266608 like it makes any sense to me you know
+t2PNATaOCeE-01068-00266609-00266873 the whole university system has been uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-01069-00266874-00267119 subverted of course infiltrated and
+t2PNATaOCeE-01070-00267120-00267371 subverted from without uh it's become a
+t2PNATaOCeE-01071-00267372-00267695 weapon it's weaponized against our souls
+t2PNATaOCeE-01072-00267696-00267965 and against our uh economic well-being
+t2PNATaOCeE-01073-00267966-00268151 for the most part
+t2PNATaOCeE-01074-00268152-00268373 um but also you know along the same
+t2PNATaOCeE-01075-00268374-00268625 lines weaponized against the family and
+t2PNATaOCeE-01076-00268626-00268889 I think we spoke briefly about that
+t2PNATaOCeE-01077-00268890-00269056 um
+t2PNATaOCeE-01078-00269057-00269315 let's would you be willing to talk you
+t2PNATaOCeE-01079-00269316-00269453 know we're kind of going back and forth
+t2PNATaOCeE-01080-00269454-00269669 here I'm loving hearing about the
+t2PNATaOCeE-01081-00269670-00269980 aristotomics and you know uh St Joseph
+t2PNATaOCeE-01082-00269981-00270179 the Worker and all these wonderful
+t2PNATaOCeE-01083-00270180-00270317 things
+t2PNATaOCeE-01084-00270318-00270515 um but just in contrast
+t2PNATaOCeE-01085-00270516-00270682 and you know think about St Joseph right
+t2PNATaOCeE-01086-00270683-00270839 if we're going to be talking about Saint
+t2PNATaOCeE-01087-00270840-00271091 Joseph Not only was he a worker but he
+t2PNATaOCeE-01088-00271092-00271355 was the man that raised Christ and
+t2PNATaOCeE-01089-00271356-00271558 served his mother and a really good
+t2PNATaOCeE-01090-00271559-00271847 example of what a father could be in a
+t2PNATaOCeE-01091-00271848-00271960 well-ordered
+t2PNATaOCeE-01092-00271961-00272303 world we have the opposite of that with
+t2PNATaOCeE-01093-00272304-00272560 the fruits of the secular University
+t2PNATaOCeE-01094-00272561-00272789 system maybe talk a little bit about how
+t2PNATaOCeE-01095-00272790-00273017 University destroys families yeah yeah
+t2PNATaOCeE-01096-00273018-00273275 certainly this is this is the
+t2PNATaOCeE-01097-00273276-00273484 the other main thing so yeah we had
+t2PNATaOCeE-01098-00273485-00273671 destroys your mind destroys your wallet
+t2PNATaOCeE-01099-00273672-00273982 uh it's Adult Day Care and a Haven of
+t2PNATaOCeE-01100-00273983-00274193 sexual vice that stunts human
+t2PNATaOCeE-01101-00274194-00274445 development that stunts families uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-01102-00274446-00274595 fourth one stem is woke and then the
+t2PNATaOCeE-01103-00274596-00274829 fifth was the it bleeds these these
+t2PNATaOCeE-01104-00274830-00275047 ideas bleed out beyond beyond the campus
+t2PNATaOCeE-01105-00275048-00275339 so this third point
+t2PNATaOCeE-01106-00275340-00275699 yeah it it is now Adult Day Care where
+t2PNATaOCeE-01107-00275700-00276005 both men and women are being bombarded
+t2PNATaOCeE-01108-00276006-00276365 by anti-family anti-natalism anti-nature
+t2PNATaOCeE-01109-00276366-00276623 anti-man anti-woman anti-patriot
+t2PNATaOCeE-01110-00276624-00276887 ideology and then while they're there
+t2PNATaOCeE-01111-00276888-00277210 the they're encouraged to fornicate and
+t2PNATaOCeE-01112-00277211-00277456 to experiment with all sorts of sexual
+t2PNATaOCeE-01113-00277457-00277553 advice
+t2PNATaOCeE-01114-00277554-00277799 and then the degree that they're getting
+t2PNATaOCeE-01115-00277800-00278110 almost all the time where's where their
+t2PNATaOCeE-01116-00278111-00278291 degrees the degrees they're not out in
+t2PNATaOCeE-01117-00278292-00278555 the country or the um not degrees uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-01118-00278556-00278825 internships the internships are in a
+t2PNATaOCeE-01119-00278826-00279106 major city so now they are shunted into
+t2PNATaOCeE-01120-00279107-00279341 the City and they have the delay finding
+t2PNATaOCeE-01121-00279342-00279695 a a loyal partner another 5 10 15 years
+t2PNATaOCeE-01122-00279696-00279856 while they're they're working off the
+t2PNATaOCeE-01123-00279857-00280199 student loans in the uh the the city
+t2PNATaOCeE-01124-00280200-00280615 which itself is also a a Haven for more
+t2PNATaOCeE-01125-00280616-00281003 uh sexual degeneracy advice Etc and then
+t2PNATaOCeE-01126-00281004-00281182 you have all these like professional
+t2PNATaOCeE-01127-00281183-00281429 people
+t2PNATaOCeE-01128-00281430-00281723 coming out of the cities with all these
+t2PNATaOCeE-01129-00281724-00281945 degrees all these student debt tons of
+t2PNATaOCeE-01130-00281946-00282119 vicious
+t2PNATaOCeE-01131-00282120-00282317 um sexual advice and and they want
+t2PNATaOCeE-01132-00282318-00282610 families and I'm like this has to be the
+t2PNATaOCeE-01133-00282611-00282851 most roundabout way in which to do
+t2PNATaOCeE-01134-00282852-00283271 something possibly why not just yeah get
+t2PNATaOCeE-01135-00283272-00283445 out of high school get a trade
+t2PNATaOCeE-01136-00283446-00283637 get married start your life start your
+t2PNATaOCeE-01137-00283638-00283805 start your family early which like we
+t2PNATaOCeE-01138-00283806-00283979 used to do
+t2PNATaOCeE-01139-00283980-00284410 prior prior to the 1960s so it's just uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-01140-00284411-00284693 the university it's it's it starts a
+t2PNATaOCeE-01141-00284694-00284915 trajectory for men and what young men
+t2PNATaOCeE-01142-00284916-00285053 and women
+t2PNATaOCeE-01143-00285054-00285197 that
+t2PNATaOCeE-01144-00285198-00285508 puts a a block
+t2PNATaOCeE-01145-00285509-00285760 or stunts their development to
+t2PNATaOCeE-01146-00285761-00285989 to find one another
+t2PNATaOCeE-01147-00285990-00286145 to get married and start to start
+t2PNATaOCeE-01148-00286146-00286330 families it starts a trajectory that
+t2PNATaOCeE-01149-00286331-00286673 puts 5 10 15-year Gap uh in being able
+t2PNATaOCeE-01150-00286674-00286889 to do that and for a lot of folks not at
+t2PNATaOCeE-01151-00286890-00287056 all and that that's
+t2PNATaOCeE-01152-00287057-00287279 that it starts with with the vicious
+t2PNATaOCeE-01153-00287280-00287453 universities
+t2PNATaOCeE-01154-00287454-00287687 so uh almost as if it were designed
+t2PNATaOCeE-01155-00287688-00287927 against uh against uh people yeah right
+t2PNATaOCeE-01156-00287928-00288155 designed to destroy us in every which
+t2PNATaOCeE-01157-00288156-00288523 way possible I'm gonna risk sounding uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-01158-00288524-00288749 misogynistic right now that's the fancy
+t2PNATaOCeE-01159-00288750-00288958 word to say sexist
+t2PNATaOCeE-01160-00288959-00289115 um but would you be willing to speak to
+t2PNATaOCeE-01161-00289116-00289258 how
+t2PNATaOCeE-01162-00289259-00289655 the ills of delaying family and
+t2PNATaOCeE-01163-00289656-00290023 childbirth and the foray into University
+t2PNATaOCeE-01164-00290024-00290465 is far worse for women than men yeah
+t2PNATaOCeE-01165-00290466-00290680 certainly certainly
+t2PNATaOCeE-01166-00290681-00291023 uh Tim points this out in his book the
+t2PNATaOCeE-01167-00291024-00291179 Case for patriarchy that everybody
+t2PNATaOCeE-01168-00291180-00291329 should pick up
+t2PNATaOCeE-01169-00291330-00291755 but there was a discussion between
+t2PNATaOCeE-01170-00291756-00292073 Simone de Beauvoir and I'm forgetting
+t2PNATaOCeE-01171-00292074-00292282 the the her American equivalent at the
+t2PNATaOCeE-01172-00292283-00292408 time
+t2PNATaOCeE-01173-00292409-00292582 um
+t2PNATaOCeE-01174-00292583-00292979 uh freaking the The Second Sex and
+t2PNATaOCeE-01175-00292980-00293147 whatever whatever the other whatever the
+t2PNATaOCeE-01176-00293148-00293327 American feminist was and they pretty
+t2PNATaOCeE-01177-00293328-00293621 much had this debate as to whether or
+t2PNATaOCeE-01178-00293622-00293717 not
+t2PNATaOCeE-01179-00293718-00293993 we should uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-01180-00293994-00294305 whether or not the feminist ethic should
+t2PNATaOCeE-01181-00294306-00294617 encourage women to strongly encourage
+t2PNATaOCeE-01182-00294618-00294905 women to to be careerists but also leave
+t2PNATaOCeE-01183-00294906-00295139 open the idea of the family versus they
+t2PNATaOCeE-01184-00295140-00295384 should encourage women to only be
+t2PNATaOCeE-01185-00295385-00295708 careerists and not even and to to hate
+t2PNATaOCeE-01186-00295709-00295930 the idea of being mothers and and family
+t2PNATaOCeE-01187-00295931-00296134 women all together and they had they had
+t2PNATaOCeE-01188-00296135-00296284 a big debate about this but the point
+t2PNATaOCeE-01189-00296285-00296437 being
+t2PNATaOCeE-01190-00296438-00296777 these people came out with
+t2PNATaOCeE-01191-00296778-00297113 the intention of of weaponizing women
+t2PNATaOCeE-01192-00297114-00297347 and and and nudging them and
+t2PNATaOCeE-01193-00297348-00297634 propaganding propagandizing them into
+t2PNATaOCeE-01194-00297635-00297934 the workforce this wasn't
+t2PNATaOCeE-01195-00297935-00298295 um some organic idea this is a set of
+t2PNATaOCeE-01196-00298296-00298463 people that that really hated the family
+t2PNATaOCeE-01197-00298464-00298649 and they they hated themselves and they
+t2PNATaOCeE-01198-00298650-00298745 they
+t2PNATaOCeE-01199-00298746-00299129 hated um God and uh their efforts were
+t2PNATaOCeE-01200-00299130-00299369 to weaponize women against men and
+t2PNATaOCeE-01201-00299370-00299573 against the family
+t2PNATaOCeE-01202-00299574-00299825 um so that is the background and then in
+t2PNATaOCeE-01203-00299826-00299945 terms of
+t2PNATaOCeE-01204-00299946-00300329 uh just how bad it is for for women yeah
+t2PNATaOCeE-01205-00300330-00300425 it
+t2PNATaOCeE-01206-00300426-00300697 it shackles them with debt and it it
+t2PNATaOCeE-01207-00300698-00300982 ladens them with with sexual advice and
+t2PNATaOCeE-01208-00300983-00301306 baggage and that's going to be a
+t2PNATaOCeE-01209-00301307-00301625 detractor for uh a lot of traditionally
+t2PNATaOCeE-01210-00301626-00301955 minded men that want wives that they can
+t2PNATaOCeE-01211-00301956-00302267 trust and uh you know but this is this
+t2PNATaOCeE-01212-00302268-00302405 is the indoctrination that they're
+t2PNATaOCeE-01213-00302406-00302615 they're getting hit with
+t2PNATaOCeE-01214-00302616-00302777 um both barrels at the University and
+t2PNATaOCeE-01215-00302778-00302975 the culture I don't need a man your
+t2PNATaOCeE-01216-00302976-00303101 independent
+t2PNATaOCeE-01217-00303102-00303334 but then yeah these women later on in
+t2PNATaOCeE-01218-00303335-00303508 life they want to settle down and
+t2PNATaOCeE-01219-00303509-00303671 actually nature
+t2PNATaOCeE-01220-00303672-00303808 tells them in their hearts that they are
+t2PNATaOCeE-01221-00303809-00303995 mothers or they want to become mothers
+t2PNATaOCeE-01222-00303996-00304145 and they want to be nurturing and then
+t2PNATaOCeE-01223-00304146-00304421 it's it's on the other end tragically of
+t2PNATaOCeE-01224-00304422-00304787 this like 15 year indoctrination project
+t2PNATaOCeE-01225-00304788-00305080 right it's it's actually such a shame
+t2PNATaOCeE-01226-00305081-00305387 it's sad to see uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-01227-00305388-00305632 it is yeah yeah
+t2PNATaOCeE-01228-00305633-00305830 man so
+t2PNATaOCeE-01229-00305831-00306010 we're coming up on an hour here there's
+t2PNATaOCeE-01230-00306011-00306208 there's so much good stuff
+t2PNATaOCeE-01231-00306209-00306401 um
+t2PNATaOCeE-01232-00306402-00306580 where do I where do I want to go with
+t2PNATaOCeE-01233-00306581-00306695 this next
+t2PNATaOCeE-01234-00306696-00307097 so you know I've I've very early on
+t2PNATaOCeE-01235-00307098-00307265 decided that college was a hoax it
+t2PNATaOCeE-01236-00307266-00307451 didn't go this deep we're going real
+t2PNATaOCeE-01237-00307452-00307619 deep right now these are all things that
+t2PNATaOCeE-01238-00307620-00307799 I've just learned and I'm learning over
+t2PNATaOCeE-01239-00307800-00308117 the past you know half a decade
+t2PNATaOCeE-01240-00308118-00308332 um for me it was more economical it
+t2PNATaOCeE-01241-00308333-00308579 didn't seem like it made sense
+t2PNATaOCeE-01242-00308580-00309023 um and I it was very clear to even to my
+t2PNATaOCeE-01243-00309024-00309215 children it's funny uh they all knew
+t2PNATaOCeE-01244-00309216-00309329 that they weren't going to college it
+t2PNATaOCeE-01245-00309330-00309467 was funny because I grew up knowing I
+t2PNATaOCeE-01246-00309468-00309599 was going to college my dad was like
+t2PNATaOCeE-01247-00309600-00309754 you're going to college my dad's from
+t2PNATaOCeE-01248-00309755-00309965 Belize and they came to America so their
+t2PNATaOCeE-01249-00309966-00310193 kids can do American things and so
+t2PNATaOCeE-01250-00310194-00310349 you're going to college so I grew up
+t2PNATaOCeE-01251-00310350-00310537 knowing I'm going to college my children
+t2PNATaOCeE-01252-00310538-00310732 grew up knowing they're not going to
+t2PNATaOCeE-01253-00310733-00310865 college and it's so funny because you
+t2PNATaOCeE-01254-00310866-00311039 know they're very especially one of my
+t2PNATaOCeE-01255-00311040-00311284 daughters is very well Adept uh socially
+t2PNATaOCeE-01256-00311285-00311573 and gets along well with adults and you
+t2PNATaOCeE-01257-00311574-00311704 know one of the first things that
+t2PNATaOCeE-01258-00311705-00311951 they'll ask her if we're in company uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-01259-00311952-00312106 is okay so where are you going to
+t2PNATaOCeE-01260-00312107-00312256 college because she's so well spoken and
+t2PNATaOCeE-01261-00312257-00312575 she carries herself so well and uh she
+t2PNATaOCeE-01262-00312576-00312832 very quickly would uh rebuttal oh I'm
+t2PNATaOCeE-01263-00312833-00312923 not going to college and she's
+t2PNATaOCeE-01264-00312924-00313060 opinionated too because she listens to
+t2PNATaOCeE-01265-00313061-00313295 my opinions and my wife's opinions so it
+t2PNATaOCeE-01266-00313296-00313487 was always cute to see how you know how
+t2PNATaOCeE-01267-00313488-00313643 shocked people are when they hear a
+t2PNATaOCeE-01268-00313644-00313804 young lady say something like that
+t2PNATaOCeE-01269-00313805-00314087 almost because you know the
+t2PNATaOCeE-01270-00314088-00314308 indoctrination but also the next
+t2PNATaOCeE-01271-00314309-00314489 question is well what are you going to
+t2PNATaOCeE-01272-00314490-00314789 do as if there's no other potential
+t2PNATaOCeE-01273-00314790-00315053 there's no other course uh that's
+t2PNATaOCeE-01274-00315054-00315341 available to young people maybe you can
+t2PNATaOCeE-01275-00315342-00315595 talk to what is actually available
+t2PNATaOCeE-01276-00315596-00316127 outside of the University funnel
+t2PNATaOCeE-01277-00316128-00316456 yeah definitely definitely and and yeah
+t2PNATaOCeE-01278-00316457-00316565 I
+t2PNATaOCeE-01279-00316566-00316780 I was hit with that the same narrative
+t2PNATaOCeE-01280-00316781-00316967 that you were when we were growing up is
+t2PNATaOCeE-01281-00316968-00317189 this it you could question everything
+t2PNATaOCeE-01282-00317190-00317567 but this anxiety production producing
+t2PNATaOCeE-01283-00317568-00317825 narrative that your life is ruined if
+t2PNATaOCeE-01284-00317826-00318023 you don't you you're being negligent if
+t2PNATaOCeE-01285-00318024-00318167 you don't go to college I'm a bad parent
+t2PNATaOCeE-01286-00318168-00318353 who just pounded into the head of our
+t2PNATaOCeE-01287-00318354-00318604 Our Generation and uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-01288-00318605-00318904 exactly yeah yeah so
+t2PNATaOCeE-01289-00318905-00319229 I would say for men in particular
+t2PNATaOCeE-01290-00319230-00319541 I would say in if you have unless you
+t2PNATaOCeE-01291-00319542-00319769 have a strong calling towards the clergy
+t2PNATaOCeE-01292-00319770-00320063 or towards Ministry and theology I would
+t2PNATaOCeE-01293-00320064-00320410 say stay local learn a trade you could
+t2PNATaOCeE-01294-00320411-00320639 there's been this this shaming this this
+t2PNATaOCeE-01295-00320640-00321010 stigmatization of blue-collar work and
+t2PNATaOCeE-01296-00321011-00321269 using your hands and being able to to do
+t2PNATaOCeE-01297-00321270-00321623 dirty man's jobs and that's the only
+t2PNATaOCeE-01298-00321624-00321773 it's one of the only stigmatizations
+t2PNATaOCeE-01299-00321774-00322049 that is still like allowed in this
+t2PNATaOCeE-01300-00322050-00322306 supposedly open-minded society that
+t2PNATaOCeE-01301-00322307-00322451 we're in uh there's a reason for that
+t2PNATaOCeE-01302-00322452-00322606 they wanted to because that's gonna
+t2PNATaOCeE-01303-00322607-00322799 that's gonna make you strong and
+t2PNATaOCeE-01304-00322800-00323099 independent and less manageable so the
+t2PNATaOCeE-01305-00323100-00323267 more you can grow your own food fix your
+t2PNATaOCeE-01306-00323268-00323506 own stuff you know you're connected to
+t2PNATaOCeE-01307-00323507-00323741 the means by which you can
+t2PNATaOCeE-01308-00323742-00323932 um prosper and and
+t2PNATaOCeE-01309-00323933-00324113 um be independent that's going to be
+t2PNATaOCeE-01310-00324114-00324310 shunned that's going to be propagandized
+t2PNATaOCeE-01311-00324311-00324629 away from you so do the opposite uh you
+t2PNATaOCeE-01312-00324630-00324904 know learn a trade or at least be
+t2PNATaOCeE-01313-00324905-00325132 um you know at a university that can
+t2PNATaOCeE-01314-00325133-00325349 offer those types of things things for
+t2PNATaOCeE-01315-00325350-00325697 folks that really want to do stem law
+t2PNATaOCeE-01316-00325698-00326039 medicine stuff find a newman-less school
+t2PNATaOCeE-01317-00326040-00326489 and go and and uh go there Hillsdale
+t2PNATaOCeE-01318-00326490-00326801 might also be it be an option you know
+t2PNATaOCeE-01319-00326802-00327034 but go to a conservative School
+t2PNATaOCeE-01320-00327035-00327304 and uh try to get married
+t2PNATaOCeE-01321-00327305-00327443 settle
+t2PNATaOCeE-01322-00327444-00327730 young right start a family young and and
+t2PNATaOCeE-01323-00327731-00327821 get
+t2PNATaOCeE-01324-00327822-00328073 get away from the from the the the
+t2PNATaOCeE-01325-00328074-00328277 cities and the universities and this
+t2PNATaOCeE-01326-00328278-00328615 this sort of space of uh ideological
+t2PNATaOCeE-01327-00328616-00328984 satanic nonsense uh for women
+t2PNATaOCeE-01328-00328985-00329429 I would say it's you know the
+t2PNATaOCeE-01329-00329430-00329771 they're really trying to weaponize women
+t2PNATaOCeE-01330-00329772-00330010 uh against men and against families
+t2PNATaOCeE-01331-00330011-00330184 right so they're they're targeting even
+t2PNATaOCeE-01332-00330185-00330539 more so and I would just give the same
+t2PNATaOCeE-01333-00330540-00330779 uh prescription the Gavin McGinnis gave
+t2PNATaOCeE-01334-00330780-00330982 to to women he said that you know women
+t2PNATaOCeE-01335-00330983-00331193 it's like they're Clark they're Superman
+t2PNATaOCeE-01336-00331194-00331489 and Clark Kent it's like you have this
+t2PNATaOCeE-01337-00331490-00331954 this magical metaphysical power to Bear
+t2PNATaOCeE-01338-00331955-00332291 human life you you have this superpower
+t2PNATaOCeE-01339-00332292-00332591 but the universities are telling you you
+t2PNATaOCeE-01340-00332592-00332747 need to be you need to be a journalist
+t2PNATaOCeE-01341-00332748-00332980 you need to be Clark Kent hanging out in
+t2PNATaOCeE-01342-00332981-00333173 The Newsroom trying to you know write
+t2PNATaOCeE-01343-00333174-00333430 journalism and you need to outdo all the
+t2PNATaOCeE-01344-00333431-00333767 journalists in the in The Newsroom now
+t2PNATaOCeE-01345-00333768-00334006 you know could could Clark Kent write
+t2PNATaOCeE-01346-00334007-00334277 decent uh news articles yeah sure he's
+t2PNATaOCeE-01347-00334278-00334480 probably an okay journalist but if
+t2PNATaOCeE-01348-00334481-00334727 that's at the expense of being Superman
+t2PNATaOCeE-01349-00334728-00334984 what what is he doing he's squandering
+t2PNATaOCeE-01350-00334985-00335321 his his natural superpowers and you know
+t2PNATaOCeE-01351-00335322-00335597 so I'm not saying women would be you
+t2PNATaOCeE-01352-00335598-00335801 know that they couldn't be good doctors
+t2PNATaOCeE-01353-00335802-00336058 lawyers professionals but if it's at the
+t2PNATaOCeE-01354-00336059-00336299 expense of this god-given superpower
+t2PNATaOCeE-01355-00336300-00336515 then that's the problem so don't let
+t2PNATaOCeE-01356-00336516-00336713 them shame you into being a mediocre
+t2PNATaOCeE-01357-00336714-00336995 like okay Clark Kent be the best
+t2PNATaOCeE-01358-00336996-00337199 Superman you could possibly be or you
+t2PNATaOCeE-01359-00337200-00337397 know in this case Superwoman so you have
+t2PNATaOCeE-01360-00337398-00337606 natural capacities to Bear human life
+t2PNATaOCeE-01361-00337607-00337810 it's the most precious god-given thing
+t2PNATaOCeE-01362-00337811-00338147 plausible which is why they want to lie
+t2PNATaOCeE-01363-00338148-00338387 to you and and steal that from you so
+t2PNATaOCeE-01364-00338388-00338758 that's that's my thoughts on uh what
+t2PNATaOCeE-01365-00338759-00339034 prescription so towards women uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-01366-00339035-00339263 uh briefly I'd like to just throw this
+t2PNATaOCeE-01367-00339264-00339473 one in here before we wrap up
+t2PNATaOCeE-01368-00339474-00339695 um also I think we have to add what
+t2PNATaOCeE-01369-00339696-00339851 happens to men and women together we
+t2PNATaOCeE-01370-00339852-00340019 spoke about what you know men a good
+t2PNATaOCeE-01371-00340020-00340223 course of action for men a good course
+t2PNATaOCeE-01372-00340224-00340403 of action for women
+t2PNATaOCeE-01373-00340404-00340853 um can we talk about how promiscuity
+t2PNATaOCeE-01374-00340854-00341297 is so damaging to both genders to both
+t2PNATaOCeE-01375-00341298-00341608 sexes obviously to the family yes and
+t2PNATaOCeE-01376-00341609-00341884 and The Virtue that's available in
+t2PNATaOCeE-01377-00341885-00342203 Chastity yeah yeah this is another thing
+t2PNATaOCeE-01378-00342204-00342479 I mean I folks listen on the sea Mask
+t2PNATaOCeE-01379-00342480-00342634 episodes and they'll know my background
+t2PNATaOCeE-01380-00342635-00342791 or if they listen to all my other stuff
+t2PNATaOCeE-01381-00342792-00343019 but if this is the first time uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-01382-00343020-00343247 encountering my work uh I have to say
+t2PNATaOCeE-01383-00343248-00343547 that there's a time when I encountered
+t2PNATaOCeE-01384-00343548-00343756 philosophy and and the atheism was
+t2PNATaOCeE-01385-00343757-00343919 really pushed hard on me and then I fell
+t2PNATaOCeE-01386-00343920-00344051 away from the church and from
+t2PNATaOCeE-01387-00344052-00344291 Catholicism and then I got into the the
+t2PNATaOCeE-01388-00344292-00344519 red pill pickup world and I led a very
+t2PNATaOCeE-01389-00344520-00344741 shameful promiscuous life during during
+t2PNATaOCeE-01390-00344742-00345010 that time period And by the grace of God
+t2PNATaOCeE-01391-00345011-00345419 I woke up to hot just how bad and uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-01392-00345420-00345682 vicious and morally sinful that was and
+t2PNATaOCeE-01393-00345683-00345971 I was brought brought back back to
+t2PNATaOCeE-01394-00345972-00346373 realizing what what was at stake but
+t2PNATaOCeE-01395-00346374-00346453 um
+t2PNATaOCeE-01396-00346454-00346763 that's that ethic
+t2PNATaOCeE-01397-00346764-00346871 um
+t2PNATaOCeE-01398-00346872-00347308 is so pernicious to everybody
+t2PNATaOCeE-01399-00347309-00347597 to families to society and to men as
+t2PNATaOCeE-01400-00347598-00347729 well and there's this ethic right now
+t2PNATaOCeE-01401-00347730-00348004 that the men are being hit with that to
+t2PNATaOCeE-01402-00348005-00348317 be a real man you have to to be this Don
+t2PNATaOCeE-01403-00348318-00348665 Juan and to to have lots of conquests
+t2PNATaOCeE-01404-00348666-00348947 Etc and that you have to uh take on
+t2PNATaOCeE-01405-00348948-00349187 these attributes that you know to
+t2PNATaOCeE-01406-00349188-00349408 attract as many women as possible
+t2PNATaOCeE-01407-00349409-00349667 Etc this Hugh Hefner lifestyle is pushed
+t2PNATaOCeE-01408-00349668-00349967 down men's throats
+t2PNATaOCeE-01409-00349968-00350195 and that in the red pill Community it's
+t2PNATaOCeE-01410-00350196-00350399 it's pitched as being that's masculine
+t2PNATaOCeE-01411-00350400-00350615 and that's somehow anti-feminine but as
+t2PNATaOCeE-01412-00350616-00350801 our friend will Nolan has put out that
+t2PNATaOCeE-01413-00350802-00351167 that's actually promoting this
+t2PNATaOCeE-01414-00351168-00351497 um feminist neo-marxist big state big
+t2PNATaOCeE-01415-00351498-00351689 big government
+t2PNATaOCeE-01416-00351690-00351923 um uh World Government ethos right
+t2PNATaOCeE-01417-00351924-00352156 because if you don't have men pairing up
+t2PNATaOCeE-01418-00352157-00352360 with women and starting families and
+t2PNATaOCeE-01419-00352361-00352541 then having networks of families that
+t2PNATaOCeE-01420-00352542-00352854 can protect one another and be a nation
+t2PNATaOCeE-01421-00352855-00353315 then what you end up having is a cucking
+t2PNATaOCeE-01422-00353316-00353573 of the men in the society by the by the
+t2PNATaOCeE-01423-00353574-00353771 Nanny state that comes in and that
+t2PNATaOCeE-01424-00353772-00353908 becomes the surrogate father and the
+t2PNATaOCeE-01425-00353909-00354160 surrogate family and and then you're a
+t2PNATaOCeE-01426-00354161-00354341 slave class right so it's it's not
+t2PNATaOCeE-01427-00354342-00354671 masculine or Alpha at all nor is it
+t2PNATaOCeE-01428-00354672-00354934 anti-state nor is it anti-left is
+t2PNATaOCeE-01429-00354935-00355163 promoting the left it's promoting the
+t2PNATaOCeE-01430-00355164-00355534 new world order by being promiscuous as
+t2PNATaOCeE-01431-00355535-00355793 a man and it's also damaging to your
+t2PNATaOCeE-01432-00355794-00356080 soul and everybody else around you so
+t2PNATaOCeE-01433-00356081-00356230 um I think that's a narrative that
+t2PNATaOCeE-01434-00356231-00356495 really needs to be be pointed out that
+t2PNATaOCeE-01435-00356496-00356782 it's not it's also hypocritical right I
+t2PNATaOCeE-01436-00356783-00356897 mean there's a time where it's like oh
+t2PNATaOCeE-01437-00356898-00357173 cool like I I um you know I want a woman
+t2PNATaOCeE-01438-00357174-00357389 who's trustworthy but I'm acting in ways
+t2PNATaOCeE-01439-00357390-00357671 that are not trustworthy at all like so
+t2PNATaOCeE-01440-00357672-00357871 um it's a it's a whole nest of bad ideas
+t2PNATaOCeE-01441-00357872-00358258 but it's um you know I'll stop there I'm
+t2PNATaOCeE-01442-00358259-00358493 kind of ranting if I could sum it up you
+t2PNATaOCeE-01443-00358494-00358651 know our whole conversation really
+t2PNATaOCeE-01444-00358652-00358895 obviously don't go to college but what
+t2PNATaOCeE-01445-00358896-00359206 reasons why uh we have a obviously from
+t2PNATaOCeE-01446-00359207-00359471 the root a different world view today
+t2PNATaOCeE-01447-00359472-00359753 than that which bit built Western
+t2PNATaOCeE-01448-00359754-00359965 Civilization we learned that's called
+t2PNATaOCeE-01449-00359966-00360245 aristotomism and it means that we all
+t2PNATaOCeE-01450-00360246-00360401 have a place we all have a purpose and
+t2PNATaOCeE-01451-00360402-00360701 we all have a a real way of being and
+t2PNATaOCeE-01452-00360702-00361013 then the universities as a means of of
+t2PNATaOCeE-01453-00361014-00361325 switching that up on us uh not just
+t2PNATaOCeE-01454-00361326-00361510 changing our world view but changing our
+t2PNATaOCeE-01455-00361511-00361877 behavior and I really appreciate Michael
+t2PNATaOCeE-01456-00361878-00362260 uh going as far as how
+t2PNATaOCeE-01457-00362261-00362608 the university system the Paradigm uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-01458-00362609-00362987 not only affects you know our worldview
+t2PNATaOCeE-01459-00362988-00363208 but our world itself which of course you
+t2PNATaOCeE-01460-00363209-00363449 know is a byproduct of our worldview and
+t2PNATaOCeE-01461-00363450-00363604 that maybe
+t2PNATaOCeE-01462-00363605-00363821 going to University isn't such a good
+t2PNATaOCeE-01463-00363822-00363953 idea
+t2PNATaOCeE-01464-00363954-00364277 because it's causing much of the ills of
+t2PNATaOCeE-01465-00364278-00364445 society including the breakdown of the
+t2PNATaOCeE-01466-00364446-00364547 family
+t2PNATaOCeE-01467-00364548-00364756 and
+t2PNATaOCeE-01468-00364757-00364973 on the other side of that along with the
+t2PNATaOCeE-01469-00364974-00365380 aristotomus view is
+t2PNATaOCeE-01470-00365381-00365567 perhaps
+t2PNATaOCeE-01471-00365568-00365903 a good way of moving into adulthood is
+t2PNATaOCeE-01472-00365904-00366130 by first considering
+t2PNATaOCeE-01473-00366131-00366484 being a family having a wife having a
+t2PNATaOCeE-01474-00366485-00366778 husband making babies being a provider
+t2PNATaOCeE-01475-00366779-00367265 and protector and a nurturer and mom so
+t2PNATaOCeE-01476-00367266-00367439 that's a little bit of what I gleaned
+t2PNATaOCeE-01477-00367440-00367639 from our amazing conversation Dr Michael
+t2PNATaOCeE-01478-00367640-00367913 thank you for joining us brother uh
+t2PNATaOCeE-01479-00367914-00368134 before we go can you tell me in our
+t2PNATaOCeE-01480-00368135-00368363 audience you know you're a scholar dude
+t2PNATaOCeE-01481-00368364-00368560 and so I know you do a lot of writing
+t2PNATaOCeE-01482-00368561-00368825 and you're you're sharing these ideas so
+t2PNATaOCeE-01483-00368826-00369010 basically Michael I'm asking where can
+t2PNATaOCeE-01484-00369011-00369208 people learn more about your work and
+t2PNATaOCeE-01485-00369209-00369406 connect with what you do dude awesome
+t2PNATaOCeE-01486-00369407-00369732 thanks Elliot uh so folks can find me at
+t2PNATaOCeE-01487-00369733-00369977 michaelrobillard.com you can find me on
+t2PNATaOCeE-01488-00369978-00370421 Twitter as uh robillard Dr and also on
+t2PNATaOCeE-01489-00370422-00370810 sub stack I have a a uh a sub stack
+t2PNATaOCeE-01490-00370811-00371003 article there or sub star you know set
+t2PNATaOCeE-01491-00371004-00371260 of Articles uh you can find me on cmask
+t2PNATaOCeE-01492-00371261-00371597 on Fridays with Elliot Tim Gordon myself
+t2PNATaOCeE-01493-00371598-00371939 and will Noland and uh will Nolan and I
+t2PNATaOCeE-01494-00371940-00372221 also have a book reading
+t2PNATaOCeE-01495-00372222-00372460 um book club that we do on Tuesdays
+t2PNATaOCeE-01496-00372461-00372682 going over classic Western you know Best
+t2PNATaOCeE-01497-00372683-00372925 of the West books and articles
+t2PNATaOCeE-01498-00372926-00373210 I also have a one hour interview on
+t2PNATaOCeE-01499-00373211-00373415 Tucker Carlson today that you can find
+t2PNATaOCeE-01500-00373416-00373703 on Fox Nation uh if you have that
+t2PNATaOCeE-01501-00373704-00374117 particular app or subscription and then
+t2PNATaOCeE-01502-00374118-00374404 the book is don't go to college a case
+t2PNATaOCeE-01503-00374405-00374651 for Revolution and you can find that on
+t2PNATaOCeE-01504-00374652-00374897 all major Distributors Amazon Barnes and
+t2PNATaOCeE-01505-00374898-00375125 Noble Etc amazing thank you once again
+t2PNATaOCeE-01506-00375126-00375358 Michael and if you want to get
+t2PNATaOCeE-01507-00375359-00375587 yeah any if you want to get any type of
+t2PNATaOCeE-01508-00375588-00375827 grappling or wrestling or MMA stuff you
+t2PNATaOCeE-01509-00375828-00376001 can find me at Social sport fighting in
+t2PNATaOCeE-01510-00376002-00376234 Rockland on the weekends hey that's
+t2PNATaOCeE-01511-00376235-00376343 awesome
+t2PNATaOCeE-01512-00376344-00376625 yeah you're an athlete also dude well I
+t2PNATaOCeE-01513-00376626-00376739 appreciate your time man I'm looking
+t2PNATaOCeE-01514-00376740-00376949 forward to uh continuing to learn from
+t2PNATaOCeE-01515-00376950-00377099 you I enjoy speaking with you every
+t2PNATaOCeE-01516-00377100-00377303 Friday and it was such a pleasure to
+t2PNATaOCeE-01517-00377304-00377458 have you on the show today Michael same
+t2PNATaOCeE-01518-00377459-00377687 here my pleasure as well bye that's it
+t2PNATaOCeE-01519-00377688-00377873 that's all we've done folks until next
+t2PNATaOCeE-01520-00377874-00378047 time
+t2PNATaOCeE-01521-00378048-00378221 if you're a high achieving businessman
+t2PNATaOCeE-01522-00378222-00378473 executive or entrepreneur who's
+t2PNATaOCeE-01523-00378474-00378665 dominating in business but struggle with
+t2PNATaOCeE-01524-00378666-00378971 drinking drugs overeating or any filthy
+t2PNATaOCeE-01525-00378972-00379210 Vice here's some advice the biggest
+t2PNATaOCeE-01526-00379211-00379360 mistake that you could make is to try to
+t2PNATaOCeE-01527-00379361-00379625 quit cold turkey and use willpower to
+t2PNATaOCeE-01528-00379626-00379834 overcome your Cravings if you've ever
+t2PNATaOCeE-01529-00379835-00380093 quit for a few days or a few weeks only
+t2PNATaOCeE-01530-00380094-00380308 to self-sabotage by binging worse than
+t2PNATaOCeE-01531-00380309-00380501 before then you know exactly what I'm
+t2PNATaOCeE-01532-00380502-00380663 talking about not only has my company
+t2PNATaOCeE-01533-00380664-00380908 helped thousands of men destroy Vice and
+t2PNATaOCeE-01534-00380909-00381154 dominate life I personally confronted
+t2PNATaOCeE-01535-00381155-00381389 and overcome the same struggles when I
+t2PNATaOCeE-01536-00381390-00381610 found myself hooked on weed at the peak
+t2PNATaOCeE-01537-00381611-00381784 of my business career if you've got four
+t2PNATaOCeE-01538-00381785-00381928 minutes to listen to a coach who will
+t2PNATaOCeE-01539-00381929-00382156 help you achieve total self Mastery and
+t2PNATaOCeE-01540-00382157-00382367 control over your inner Punk then listen
+t2PNATaOCeE-01541-00382368-00382606 up if you don't beat drinking drugs or
+t2PNATaOCeE-01542-00382607-00382871 any life-draining dependency in 90 days
+t2PNATaOCeE-01543-00382872-00383080 or less not only will my company give
+t2PNATaOCeE-01544-00383081-00383249 you your money back we'll pay for your
+t2PNATaOCeE-01545-00383250-00383453 first month's stay at a rehab Retreat of
+t2PNATaOCeE-01546-00383454-00383608 your choice that's what you need to
+t2PNATaOCeE-01547-00383609-00383880 succeed so let's go bro just visit
+t2PNATaOCeE-01548-00383881-00384125 waronvice.com fill out an application
+t2PNATaOCeE-01549-00384126-00384256 and my team will get back to you with
+t2PNATaOCeE-01550-00384257-00384425 the details hope to see you on the
+t2PNATaOCeE-01551-00384426-00384612 inside done
+t2PNATaOCeE-01552-00384613-00385943 [Music]
+t2PNATaOCeE-01553-00385944-00386569 [Music]
+t2PNATaOCeE-01554-00386570-00386670 thank you
+t2PNATaOCeE-01555-00386671-00387444 [Music]
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00000-00000950-00001295 today organizations of all sizes are
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00001-00001296-00001595 trading day and night across borders and
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00002-00001596-00001892 time zones making it more important than
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00003-00001893-00002084 ever to stay connected to your business
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00004-00002085-00002495 partners 24/7 how well you are able to
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00005-00002496-00002675 get the right information in the hands
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00006-00002676-00002921 of your suppliers on time and in the
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00007-00002922-00003191 right format can significantly impact
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00008-00003192-00003494 your business's finances invoice portal
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00009-00003495-00003745 is an online community that connects
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00010-00003746-00003956 buyers and suppliers and makes
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00011-00003957-00004184 incorporating e-invoicing into accounts
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00012-00004185-00004475 payable practices painless through the
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00013-00004476-00004754 invoice portal invoice data is sent and
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00014-00004755-00004967 received in the preferred format of both
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00015-00004968-00005225 buyers and suppliers in a seamless
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00016-00005226-00005591 automated process suppliers rest assured
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00017-00005592-00005743 that their invoices are delivered
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00018-00005744-00006002 instantly and have the ability to track
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00019-00006003-00006251 invoice status and buyers are able to
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00020-00006252-00006491 process invoices more quickly and with
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00021-00006492-00006729 less effort
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00022-00006730-00007059 it starts by joining the invoice portal
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00023-00007061-00007291 community and once you're in the
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00024-00007292-00007537 community enjoy being connected to a
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00025-00007538-00007804 vast network of trading partners service
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00026-00007805-00008056 providers and other networks such as
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00027-00008056-00008319 peple so you can trade with everyone
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00028-00008320-00008620 everywhere that's the power of
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00029-00008621-00008892 interoperability and an open network
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00030-00008893-00009208 creating a greater e-invoicing ecosystem
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00031-00009209-00009619 for all inside the invoice portal buyers
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+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00033-00009830-00010069 invoice flows to and from there ERP
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00034-00010070-00010360 systems so invoices can be sent in the
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00035-00010361-00010627 way that works best for them no matter
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00036-00010628-00010834 how invoice data enters the invoice
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00037-00010835-00011065 portal it's delivered in the buyers
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00038-00011066-00011392 preferred format every time supplier
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00039-00011393-00011668 invoice data is validated and incomplete
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00040-00011669-00011911 invoices are automatically returned to
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00041-00011912-00012184 the sender for correction so buyers only
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00042-00012185-00012465 receive validated complete invoice data
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00043-00012466-00012885 ie invoices with 100% matches are posted
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00044-00012886-00013179 directly in the ERP system touchless lis
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00045-00013180-00013447 invoice portal also features an
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00046-00013447-00013711 intuitive onboarding tool enabling you
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00047-00013712-00013909 to easily invite your suppliers or
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00048-00013910-00014151 customers to join their network a
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00049-00014152-00014413 dashboard allows you to keep track of
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00050-00014413-00014605 onboarding progress with real-time
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00051-00014606-00014844 updates when your suppliers accept your
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00052-00014845-00015088 invitation to join and start sending
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00053-00015088-00015550 invoices join invoice portal today and
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00054-00015551-00015747 take a giant step forward in your
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00055-00015748-00015988 transition from manually processing
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00056-00015988-00016213 stacks of paper to touch asleep
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00057-00016213-00016603 processing volumes of invoices invoice
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00058-00016604-00016846 portal a rapidly growing business
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00059-00016847-00017072 community for buyers and suppliers
+t3l5vtkBeRQ-00060-00017073-00017416 please join us
+t3D-BuOvYk0-00000-00006455-00007006 [Music]
+t3D-BuOvYk0-00002-00011674-00012623 [Music]
+t3D-BuOvYk0-00003-00012624-00012996 hmm
+t3D-BuOvYk0-00004-00012997-00014175 [Music]
+t43HG2gBjDo-00000-00000032-00000311 use our um series
+t43HG2gBjDo-00001-00000312-00000615 that we had in the last uh month or so
+t43HG2gBjDo-00002-00000616-00001031 uh so this is going to be uh led by
+t43HG2gBjDo-00003-00001032-00001278 uh michelle lang from the university of
+t43HG2gBjDo-00004-00001279-00001343 munich
+t43HG2gBjDo-00005-00001344-00001550 uh he's a statistician and software
+t43HG2gBjDo-00006-00001551-00001671 engineer and
+t43HG2gBjDo-00007-00001672-00002039 also by bern bisho
+t43HG2gBjDo-00008-00002039-00002495 he's an investigator of machine learning
+t43HG2gBjDo-00009-00002496-00002879 at lmu university
+t43HG2gBjDo-00010-00002880-00003126 this tutorial will be in english but
+t43HG2gBjDo-00011-00003127-00003295 there are closed captioning available
+t43HG2gBjDo-00012-00003296-00003511 you just need to press the cc button
+t43HG2gBjDo-00013-00003511-00003767 uh towards the bottom of your screen uh
+t43HG2gBjDo-00014-00003768-00003838 and those
+t43HG2gBjDo-00015-00003839-00004070 closed captions will be in spanish so
+t43HG2gBjDo-00016-00004071-00004215 we're going to switch between english
+t43HG2gBjDo-00017-00004216-00004343 and spanish
+t43HG2gBjDo-00018-00004344-00005079 for the introduction
+t43HG2gBjDo-00019-00005080-00007031 machine learning uh
+t43HG2gBjDo-00021-00010711-00010991 so this webinar will be recorded i'm
+t43HG2gBjDo-00022-00010992-00011055 just going to
+t43HG2gBjDo-00023-00011056-00011342 mention a few things now so this uh
+t43HG2gBjDo-00024-00011343-00011495 webinar will be recorded
+t43HG2gBjDo-00025-00011496-00011838 um oops english ones
+t43HG2gBjDo-00026-00011839-00012038 uh so i just need to remind you that
+t43HG2gBjDo-00027-00012039-00012231 you're going to be
+t43HG2gBjDo-00028-00012232-00012470 abiding by your code of conduct uh and
+t43HG2gBjDo-00029-00012471-00012614 that as well of uh
+t43HG2gBjDo-00030-00012615-00012855 user uh which basically means that you
+t43HG2gBjDo-00031-00012856-00013079 just need to be nice to each other
+t43HG2gBjDo-00032-00013080-00013343 uh we're going to be using slido for
+t43HG2gBjDo-00033-00013344-00013447 your questions
+t43HG2gBjDo-00034-00013447-00013711 uh the link is available uh on your
+t43HG2gBjDo-00035-00013712-00013822 screen right now
+t43HG2gBjDo-00036-00013823-00014158 uh but um michelle and bern will
+t43HG2gBjDo-00037-00014159-00014479 provide my details as well
+t43HG2gBjDo-00038-00014480-00014663 so this webinar will be made available
+t43HG2gBjDo-00039-00014663-00014886 later uh through the art
+t43HG2gBjDo-00041-00022720-00022943 so this webinar is being co-hosted by
+t43HG2gBjDo-00042-00022944-00023135 the our ladies ecuador
+t43HG2gBjDo-00043-00023136-00023383 we are three groups uh that are doing
+t43HG2gBjDo-00044-00023384-00023486 this today
+t43HG2gBjDo-00045-00023487-00023830 um so it's uh our ladies um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00046-00023831-00024119 which is being led by suleiman vasurto
+t43HG2gBjDo-00047-00024120-00024350 uh alis galapos which is led by myself
+t43HG2gBjDo-00048-00024351-00024414 denise
+t43HG2gBjDo-00049-00024415-00024663 and also our ladies quito which is led
+t43HG2gBjDo-00050-00024664-00025063 by elena
+t43HG2gBjDo-00051-00025064-00025294 and we should start now so i'm just
+t43HG2gBjDo-00052-00025295-00025399 gonna
+t43HG2gBjDo-00053-00025400-00025743 ask michelle to take over now so i'm
+t43HG2gBjDo-00054-00025744-00026094 just gonna stop sharing my screen
+t43HG2gBjDo-00055-00026095-00026551 thank you very much
+t43HG2gBjDo-00056-00026552-00026951 yeah okay um thanks for having us um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00057-00026952-00027279 i would like to point out the github
+t43HG2gBjDo-00058-00027280-00027399 page we set up
+t43HG2gBjDo-00059-00027400-00027551 where you can find all the links that
+t43HG2gBjDo-00060-00027552-00027735 you will need today um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00061-00027736-00028118 it's also linked on the meetup page
+t43HG2gBjDo-00062-00028119-00028383 so if you have this link you can click
+t43HG2gBjDo-00063-00028383-00028599 your way through to this page here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00064-00028600-00029007 if not you can go to github.com
+t43HG2gBjDo-00065-00029008-00029390 mlr minus arc user 2020
+t43HG2gBjDo-00066-00029391-00029607 and then you find this github reboot
+t43HG2gBjDo-00067-00029608-00029743 repository here and
+t43HG2gBjDo-00068-00029744-00029990 um but you can find the the pdfs for the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00069-00029991-00030087 slides here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00070-00030088-00030302 and also some important links um for
+t43HG2gBjDo-00071-00030303-00030455 example
+t43HG2gBjDo-00072-00030456-00030870 um here is a list of packages you need
+t43HG2gBjDo-00073-00030872-00031007 if you want to follow the exercises
+t43HG2gBjDo-00074-00031008-00031190 interactively um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00075-00031191-00031446 and yeah also some other important
+t43HG2gBjDo-00076-00031447-00031574 things for example here's a link to our
+t43HG2gBjDo-00077-00031575-00031614 book
+t43HG2gBjDo-00078-00031616-00031967 right so um if you um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00079-00031968-00032190 if this is today a bit too fast and
+t43HG2gBjDo-00080-00032191-00032295 maybe it will be
+t43HG2gBjDo-00081-00032295-00032574 um you can just look up everything in
+t43HG2gBjDo-00082-00032575-00032751 our book or in the documentation and so
+t43HG2gBjDo-00083-00032752-00032846 on right
+t43HG2gBjDo-00084-00032847-00033111 also we recommend um if you start with
+t43HG2gBjDo-00085-00033112-00033327 mls we to look at our cheat sheets
+t43HG2gBjDo-00086-00033328-00033607 um which you can also find here linked
+t43HG2gBjDo-00087-00033608-00033646 right
+t43HG2gBjDo-00088-00033647-00033990 and for the first part to be
+t43HG2gBjDo-00089-00033991-00034335 um yeah something like this here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00090-00034336-00034607 um if you have a printer next to your
+t43HG2gBjDo-00091-00034608-00034767 screen then
+t43HG2gBjDo-00092-00034768-00034918 it would be a good time to print it out
+t43HG2gBjDo-00093-00034919-00035159 now um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00094-00035160-00035327 we are going to talk about three
+t43HG2gBjDo-00095-00035328-00035479 packages today um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00096-00035480-00035735 the first one is the base package mlr3
+t43HG2gBjDo-00097-00035736-00035823 um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00098-00035824-00036055 then bernd will take over and we'll
+t43HG2gBjDo-00099-00036056-00036255 introduce mlr3 tuning
+t43HG2gBjDo-00100-00036256-00036502 so for tuning as the name says and then
+t43HG2gBjDo-00101-00036503-00036743 um the last package will be um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00102-00036744-00036951 mlr3 pipelines which is a package for
+t43HG2gBjDo-00103-00036952-00037135 pre-processing pipelining
+t43HG2gBjDo-00104-00037136-00037439 and um but all sorts of stuff um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00105-00037440-00037655 really exciting what's possible with
+t43HG2gBjDo-00106-00037656-00037799 this um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00107-00037800-00038007 and as denise already said um you can
+t43HG2gBjDo-00108-00038008-00038302 ask questions via slido and we will
+t43HG2gBjDo-00109-00038303-00038502 so we have three parts after each part
+t43HG2gBjDo-00110-00038503-00038655 we will have a short
+t43HG2gBjDo-00111-00038656-00038967 break and answer some questions um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00112-00038968-00039311 and we will also have a 15-minute break
+t43HG2gBjDo-00113-00039312-00039702 somewhere after one and a half hour
+t43HG2gBjDo-00114-00039703-00040071 so um yeah
+t43HG2gBjDo-00115-00040072-00040246 i think i've mentioned everything i
+t43HG2gBjDo-00116-00040247-00040383 wanted to mention
+t43HG2gBjDo-00117-00040384-00040687 um i'll start with the slides
+t43HG2gBjDo-00118-00040688-00041207 band has nothing to add
+t43HG2gBjDo-00119-00041208-00041567 so okay i'm going to talk about the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00120-00041568-00041646 first package
+t43HG2gBjDo-00121-00041647-00042007 um ml3 so this is the base package
+t43HG2gBjDo-00122-00042008-00042223 we have i don't know something like 20
+t43HG2gBjDo-00123-00042224-00042318 packages now
+t43HG2gBjDo-00124-00042319-00042615 uh i'll give an overview of the packages
+t43HG2gBjDo-00125-00042616-00042807 at the end of my talk here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00126-00042808-00043118 um so we are now just talking about the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00127-00043119-00043158 base
+t43HG2gBjDo-00128-00043159-00043599 infrastructure package here um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00129-00043600-00043807 so why do you want to use a package for
+t43HG2gBjDo-00130-00043808-00043951 machine learning r
+t43HG2gBjDo-00131-00043952-00044262 um as you might know might know that r
+t43HG2gBjDo-00132-00044263-00044351 already has
+t43HG2gBjDo-00133-00044352-00044535 many many packages for machine learning
+t43HG2gBjDo-00134-00044536-00044639 for example these are packages for
+t43HG2gBjDo-00135-00044640-00044743 render forwards for
+t43HG2gBjDo-00136-00044744-00045046 for svms or staff of things right and
+t43HG2gBjDo-00137-00045047-00045215 um the main problem is that you don't
+t43HG2gBjDo-00138-00045216-00045479 have a unified interface for these
+t43HG2gBjDo-00139-00045480-00045646 so if you want to do something like a
+t43HG2gBjDo-00140-00045647-00045799 benchmark you want to find out
+t43HG2gBjDo-00141-00045800-00045958 which learner works best on your data
+t43HG2gBjDo-00142-00045959-00046102 set you have to do
+t43HG2gBjDo-00143-00046103-00046230 something like benchmark you have to do
+t43HG2gBjDo-00144-00046231-00046455 a performance comparison right
+t43HG2gBjDo-00145-00046456-00046655 and if you do this without an extra
+t43HG2gBjDo-00146-00046656-00046935 package um like mlr or mlr3
+t43HG2gBjDo-00147-00046936-00047102 you would start writing something like
+t43HG2gBjDo-00148-00047103-00047279 this for example you want to try
+t43HG2gBjDo-00149-00047280-00047586 how relevant svm works then you take the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00150-00047587-00047879 e1071 package for example
+t43HG2gBjDo-00151-00047880-00048215 there's an srm svm implemented here and
+t43HG2gBjDo-00152-00048216-00048479 this implementation supports a formula
+t43HG2gBjDo-00153-00048480-00048590 interface
+t43HG2gBjDo-00154-00048591-00048911 so if you want to fit svm in the iris
+t43HG2gBjDo-00155-00048912-00049062 data you have to say hey
+t43HG2gBjDo-00156-00049063-00049327 this is a column where i want to predict
+t43HG2gBjDo-00157-00049328-00049407 labels for
+t43HG2gBjDo-00158-00049408-00049646 and use everything else as features
+t43HG2gBjDo-00159-00049647-00049799 right and then you get back something
+t43HG2gBjDo-00160-00049800-00049943 like a model here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00161-00049944-00050262 for the svm on the other hand if you
+t43HG2gBjDo-00162-00050263-00050327 want to do
+t43HG2gBjDo-00163-00050328-00050543 something like gradient boosting here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00164-00050544-00050639 from the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00165-00050640-00050918 screen grading boosting package um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00166-00050919-00051118 there's no formula interface supported
+t43HG2gBjDo-00167-00051119-00051382 so you have to first split the data um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00168-00051383-00051575 into a numerical matrix here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00169-00051576-00051735 and then you have to provide the the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00170-00051736-00051911 target column labels as
+t43HG2gBjDo-00171-00051912-00052279 a sector here and yeah so
+t43HG2gBjDo-00172-00052279-00052454 two packages two different interfaces
+t43HG2gBjDo-00173-00052455-00052591 and if you want to compare something
+t43HG2gBjDo-00174-00052591-00052726 like 10
+t43HG2gBjDo-00175-00052727-00053047 runners it's often like 10 different
+t43HG2gBjDo-00176-00053048-00053150 interfaces
+t43HG2gBjDo-00177-00053151-00053382 and so you're writing boilerplate code
+t43HG2gBjDo-00178-00053383-00053494 and this
+t43HG2gBjDo-00179-00053495-00053694 quickly piles up to hundreds or even
+t43HG2gBjDo-00180-00053695-00053926 thousand lines of code
+t43HG2gBjDo-00181-00053927-00054254 um so um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00182-00054255-00054575 yeah there are other packages which
+t43HG2gBjDo-00183-00054576-00054854 has the same goal like mlr 3 you might
+t43HG2gBjDo-00184-00054855-00054982 know the pedesa
+t43HG2gBjDo-00185-00054983-00055294 mlr so
+t43HG2gBjDo-00186-00055295-00055591 same guys so we are also the developers
+t43HG2gBjDo-00187-00055591-00055671 of mlr
+t43HG2gBjDo-00188-00055672-00055863 and this is a successor here the mls3
+t43HG2gBjDo-00189-00055864-00056103 package and there's also carriage or
+t43HG2gBjDo-00190-00056104-00056287 tidy models now
+t43HG2gBjDo-00191-00056288-00056487 but all have these intentions to solve
+t43HG2gBjDo-00192-00056488-00056591 this problem here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00193-00056591-00056959 to make performance comparisons
+t43HG2gBjDo-00194-00056960-00057159 comparisons and benchmarking more
+t43HG2gBjDo-00195-00057160-00057482 convenient
+t43HG2gBjDo-00196-00057483-00057879 um so what's in mlr3
+t43HG2gBjDo-00197-00057879-00058079 we have um objects for all machine
+t43HG2gBjDo-00198-00058079-00058230 learning um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00199-00058232-00058654 well stuff for tasks we have objects for
+t43HG2gBjDo-00200-00058655-00058775 for learners
+t43HG2gBjDo-00201-00058776-00059079 and for measures and so on and this
+t43HG2gBjDo-00202-00059079-00059223 enables you to do
+t43HG2gBjDo-00203-00059224-00059366 performance evaluation and performance
+t43HG2gBjDo-00204-00059367-00059526 comparisons in an
+t43HG2gBjDo-00205-00059527-00059894 easy and convenient way
+t43HG2gBjDo-00206-00059895-00060206 before we jump into machine learning i
+t43HG2gBjDo-00207-00060207-00060366 have to quickly introduce you to
+t43HG2gBjDo-00208-00060367-00060638 r6 if you have if you don't know it yet
+t43HG2gBjDo-00209-00060639-00060735 r6 is the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00210-00060736-00061079 class system we use internally and
+t43HG2gBjDo-00211-00061079-00061359 not only internally um you have to work
+t43HG2gBjDo-00212-00061360-00061503 with these kind of objects if you want
+t43HG2gBjDo-00213-00061504-00061735 to use mlr3
+t43HG2gBjDo-00214-00061736-00061935 and so you need something like refill
+t43HG2gBjDo-00215-00061936-00062142 introduction it's not too hard
+t43HG2gBjDo-00216-00062144-00062503 right um our six objects
+t43HG2gBjDo-00217-00062504-00062830 can be constructed um by
+t43HG2gBjDo-00218-00062832-00063071 um calling the class name and then the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00219-00063072-00063159 constructor
+t43HG2gBjDo-00220-00063160-00063350 new right for example if you want to
+t43HG2gBjDo-00221-00063351-00063535 create a classification task
+t43HG2gBjDo-00222-00063536-00063887 um you call the object task classif
+t43HG2gBjDo-00223-00063888-00064063 and then the constructor new and then
+t43HG2gBjDo-00224-00064064-00064247 you can pass some arguments here for
+t43HG2gBjDo-00225-00064248-00064359 example the id
+t43HG2gBjDo-00226-00064360-00064591 the data frame of data and what's the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00227-00064591-00064719 target column
+t43HG2gBjDo-00228-00064720-00064942 what you get back is an instance of this
+t43HG2gBjDo-00229-00064944-00065087 class
+t43HG2gBjDo-00230-00065088-00065582 instance of task class of object
+t43HG2gBjDo-00231-00065583-00065838 these objects have fields which you can
+t43HG2gBjDo-00232-00065839-00065903 access
+t43HG2gBjDo-00233-00065904-00066094 um which just hold information about the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00234-00066095-00066311 object for example you can ask the task
+t43HG2gBjDo-00235-00066312-00066631 how many rows do you have right by
+t43HG2gBjDo-00236-00066632-00066894 just accessing the field and row and the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00237-00066895-00067023 return value is here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00238-00067024-00067399 integer 150. objects may also
+t43HG2gBjDo-00239-00067400-00067679 have methods so it's not just like a
+t43HG2gBjDo-00240-00067680-00067823 list
+t43HG2gBjDo-00241-00067824-00068031 there can also be functions in there so
+t43HG2gBjDo-00242-00068032-00068182 the task
+t43HG2gBjDo-00243-00068183-00068447 object also has a filter method and you
+t43HG2gBjDo-00244-00068448-00068567 can say hey
+t43HG2gBjDo-00245-00068568-00068894 filter the task so that only
+t43HG2gBjDo-00246-00068895-00069223 the first 10 rows are kept right and
+t43HG2gBjDo-00247-00069224-00069463 everything else is discarded
+t43HG2gBjDo-00248-00069464-00069782 and what's special about six object
+t43HG2gBjDo-00249-00069783-00069999 is that if you do this operation here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00250-00070000-00070231 you mutate the object in place so this
+t43HG2gBjDo-00251-00070232-00070367 is something you might know from from
+t43HG2gBjDo-00252-00070368-00070438 environments
+t43HG2gBjDo-00253-00070439-00070647 in r um this is also called reference
+t43HG2gBjDo-00254-00070648-00070799 semantics in other languages
+t43HG2gBjDo-00255-00070800-00071087 so after calling the filter message here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00256-00071088-00071143 and
+t43HG2gBjDo-00257-00071144-00071359 you don't have to assign this to the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00258-00071360-00071471 object task again
+t43HG2gBjDo-00259-00071472-00071647 just by calling this you change the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00260-00071648-00071847 object object task here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00261-00071848-00072023 so if you again ask how many words do
+t43HG2gBjDo-00262-00072024-00072382 you have it's only 10 now
+t43HG2gBjDo-00263-00072383-00072615 this is something many people are not
+t43HG2gBjDo-00264-00072616-00072775 used to now
+t43HG2gBjDo-00265-00072776-00073087 but this is basically what environments
+t43HG2gBjDo-00266-00073088-00073519 are also doing and now
+t43HG2gBjDo-00267-00073520-00073671 there's another thing there are so
+t43HG2gBjDo-00268-00073672-00073838 called active bindings
+t43HG2gBjDo-00269-00073839-00074238 which are supported so these fields can
+t43HG2gBjDo-00270-00074239-00074582 be just um a value one object itself an
+t43HG2gBjDo-00271-00074583-00074671 object
+t43HG2gBjDo-00272-00074672-00074894 but you can also um use a function which
+t43HG2gBjDo-00273-00074895-00075038 is then called automatically
+t43HG2gBjDo-00274-00075039-00075359 for example if you say um the field end
+t43HG2gBjDo-00275-00075360-00075406 row
+t43HG2gBjDo-00276-00075407-00075735 which is uh in which is
+t43HG2gBjDo-00277-00075736-00075926 actually an active binding and you
+t43HG2gBjDo-00278-00075927-00076206 assign something you get an error here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00279-00076207-00076431 so because we have a function which is
+t43HG2gBjDo-00280-00076432-00076575 encode if a function journaling which is
+t43HG2gBjDo-00281-00076576-00076782 a code which says hey you can't set this
+t43HG2gBjDo-00282-00076783-00077094 field it's not allowed
+t43HG2gBjDo-00283-00077095-00077406 right so you can also use this a lot for
+t43HG2gBjDo-00284-00077407-00077543 for something like argument checking so
+t43HG2gBjDo-00285-00077544-00077735 if you have a task here and task can
+t43HG2gBjDo-00286-00077736-00077855 have properties
+t43HG2gBjDo-00287-00077856-00078087 and you can't assign null so it's not
+t43HG2gBjDo-00288-00078088-00078167 allowed
+t43HG2gBjDo-00289-00078168-00078431 but it would be allowed to assign some
+t43HG2gBjDo-00290-00078432-00078567 random
+t43HG2gBjDo-00291-00078568-00078879 characters here so
+t43HG2gBjDo-00292-00078880-00079150 not that important to work with um mlr
+t43HG2gBjDo-00293-00079151-00079238 so we don't
+t43HG2gBjDo-00294-00079239-00079391 need to completely understand this but
+t43HG2gBjDo-00295-00079392-00079567 we are talking a lot about active
+t43HG2gBjDo-00296-00079568-00079743 bindings later so
+t43HG2gBjDo-00297-00079744-00079911 that you have an impression what we are
+t43HG2gBjDo-00298-00079912-00080047 meaning with this so
+t43HG2gBjDo-00299-00080048-00080262 this is basically just like a field but
+t43HG2gBjDo-00300-00080263-00080406 internally function is called this can
+t43HG2gBjDo-00301-00080407-00080767 have side effects
+t43HG2gBjDo-00302-00080768-00081182 so okay and this is all for r6 for now
+t43HG2gBjDo-00303-00081183-00081511 um back to mlr3 um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00304-00081512-00081831 when we started developing mls we we
+t43HG2gBjDo-00305-00081832-00082159 wrote down some some stuff which we
+t43HG2gBjDo-00306-00082160-00082382 find important um and what we have
+t43HG2gBjDo-00307-00082383-00082494 learned from the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00308-00082495-00082799 producer mlr so um the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00309-00082800-00083182 previous package mlr um used s3 um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00310-00083183-00083494 as class system and yeah we were we felt
+t43HG2gBjDo-00311-00083495-00083638 kind of limited
+t43HG2gBjDo-00312-00083639-00083838 with this approach so we really wanted
+t43HG2gBjDo-00313-00083839-00084038 to do object orientation and so we
+t43HG2gBjDo-00314-00084039-00084231 switched to r6
+t43HG2gBjDo-00315-00084232-00084431 this was the first thing we wanted to
+t43HG2gBjDo-00316-00084432-00084559 really accomplish
+t43HG2gBjDo-00317-00084560-00084943 second um we wanted to use data table
+t43HG2gBjDo-00318-00084944-00085006 more
+t43HG2gBjDo-00319-00085007-00085350 because well it's pretty fast
+t43HG2gBjDo-00320-00085351-00085694 and we also liked um that has reference
+t43HG2gBjDo-00321-00085695-00085815 semantics
+t43HG2gBjDo-00322-00085816-00086062 and that you can place complex objects
+t43HG2gBjDo-00323-00086063-00086175 in the fields
+t43HG2gBjDo-00324-00086176-00086367 so um which is also possible with data
+t43HG2gBjDo-00325-00086368-00086567 frames to be fair but not that
+t43HG2gBjDo-00326-00086568-00086743 good not that well supported for
+t43HG2gBjDo-00327-00086744-00086911 printing itself
+t43HG2gBjDo-00328-00086912-00087094 and this allowed us to to work with the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00329-00087095-00087471 data structures in a more efficient way
+t43HG2gBjDo-00330-00087472-00087711 and third we wanted to be light on
+t43HG2gBjDo-00331-00087712-00087847 dependencies
+t43HG2gBjDo-00332-00087848-00088055 so these are our external dependencies
+t43HG2gBjDo-00333-00088056-00088215 so we used r6
+t43HG2gBjDo-00334-00088216-00088543 data table logging package this
+t43HG2gBjDo-00335-00088544-00088791 to create unique identifiers um some
+t43HG2gBjDo-00336-00088792-00088887 data sets in here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00337-00088888-00089238 and digest for cryptographic caches um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00338-00089239-00089406 and that's it and all these packages
+t43HG2gBjDo-00339-00089407-00089647 don't have any more reverse dependencies
+t43HG2gBjDo-00340-00089648-00089991 or recursive dependencies and
+t43HG2gBjDo-00341-00089992-00090311 there's some more um packages in the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00342-00090312-00090518 description file but these are all
+t43HG2gBjDo-00343-00090519-00090718 developed by ourselves so
+t43HG2gBjDo-00344-00090719-00091175 um we don't comment them here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00345-00091176-00091543 so um yeah um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00346-00091544-00091735 now moving slowly to machine learning
+t43HG2gBjDo-00347-00091736-00091926 again um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00348-00091927-00092311 we usually start with a tabular data um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00349-00092312-00092535 for the most problem to write and this
+t43HG2gBjDo-00350-00092536-00092687 is what is support
+t43HG2gBjDo-00351-00092688-00093055 right now in mr three and um we
+t43HG2gBjDo-00352-00093056-00093367 say that um we have some columns
+t43HG2gBjDo-00353-00093368-00093671 which are codes of features right and
+t43HG2gBjDo-00354-00093672-00093887 one column or for survival maybe two
+t43HG2gBjDo-00355-00093888-00094079 columns
+t43HG2gBjDo-00356-00094080-00094255 which are the target for example for
+t43HG2gBjDo-00357-00094256-00094382 classifications the labels we want to
+t43HG2gBjDo-00358-00094383-00094543 predict or for regression the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00359-00094544-00095206 outcome we want to put it
+t43HG2gBjDo-00360-00095207-00095503 yeah so the target column basically
+t43HG2gBjDo-00361-00095504-00095687 determines the type of task if it's
+t43HG2gBjDo-00362-00095688-00095831 continuous then you have a regression
+t43HG2gBjDo-00363-00095832-00095894 target
+t43HG2gBjDo-00364-00095895-00096118 if it is factor value or discrete we
+t43HG2gBjDo-00365-00096119-00096326 have a classification task right
+t43HG2gBjDo-00366-00096327-00096582 and um for example the ios data set
+t43HG2gBjDo-00367-00096583-00096759 right here is the target column
+t43HG2gBjDo-00368-00096760-00097087 this would be a classification task and
+t43HG2gBjDo-00369-00097088-00097287 these would be the features here and
+t43HG2gBjDo-00370-00097288-00097638 this is what we call the target
+t43HG2gBjDo-00371-00097639-00097823 and for construction we've already seen
+t43HG2gBjDo-00372-00097824-00097950 this because a
+t43HG2gBjDo-00373-00097951-00098223 task cluster object and the constructor
+t43HG2gBjDo-00374-00098224-00098406 of it
+t43HG2gBjDo-00375-00098407-00098806 with an id the data frame and
+t43HG2gBjDo-00376-00098807-00098982 the name of the column we want to use as
+t43HG2gBjDo-00377-00098983-00099167 target column and we'll get back an
+t43HG2gBjDo-00378-00099168-00099271 instance of the class
+t43HG2gBjDo-00379-00099272-00099774 task class of
+t43HG2gBjDo-00380-00099775-00100006 um if you print the task get a nice
+t43HG2gBjDo-00381-00100007-00100206 overview here for example the dimensions
+t43HG2gBjDo-00382-00100207-00100382 the target what properties the tasks
+t43HG2gBjDo-00383-00100383-00100511 have and what kind of features are in
+t43HG2gBjDo-00384-00100512-00100559 there
+t43HG2gBjDo-00385-00100560-00100799 and you can access certain things of
+t43HG2gBjDo-00386-00100800-00100918 these objects um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00387-00100919-00101087 for example you can access the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00388-00101088-00101287 dimensions here again the feature names
+t43HG2gBjDo-00389-00101288-00101391 target names
+t43HG2gBjDo-00390-00101392-00101782 and you can create the data you can
+t43HG2gBjDo-00391-00101783-00102182 you can subset or filter
+t43HG2gBjDo-00392-00102183-00102399 the task and you can also expand it
+t43HG2gBjDo-00393-00102400-00102582 combine columns or rows
+t43HG2gBjDo-00394-00102583-00102806 and there's much more but the more
+t43HG2gBjDo-00395-00102807-00102966 technical stuff is in the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00396-00102967-00103310 manual page
+t43HG2gBjDo-00397-00103311-00103702 one last insertion here if you
+t43HG2gBjDo-00398-00103703-00103975 so this kind of bulky and lengthy
+t43HG2gBjDo-00399-00103976-00104142 calling these constructors so we have
+t43HG2gBjDo-00400-00104143-00104294 something
+t43HG2gBjDo-00401-00104295-00104615 we use dictionaries for for all the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00402-00104616-00104839 objects that mlr provides for you
+t43HG2gBjDo-00403-00104840-00105158 and um so
+t43HG2gBjDo-00404-00105159-00105343 we have some dictionaries that we store
+t43HG2gBjDo-00405-00105344-00105599 for example um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00406-00105600-00105902 tasks we use in use cases or in examples
+t43HG2gBjDo-00407-00105903-00105983 a lot
+t43HG2gBjDo-00408-00105983-00106295 and um you can for example an amla
+t43HG2gBjDo-00409-00106296-00106558 tarsal the ios data set is in there
+t43HG2gBjDo-00410-00106559-00106823 five to six more other tasks and you can
+t43HG2gBjDo-00411-00106824-00107015 get the task out of the dictionary with
+t43HG2gBjDo-00412-00107016-00107199 this short form function here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00413-00107200-00107447 this is for task this is for learner
+t43HG2gBjDo-00414-00107448-00107727 measure resampling
+t43HG2gBjDo-00415-00107728-00107951 and another advantage is that these
+t43HG2gBjDo-00416-00107952-00108102 dictionaries can be populated by their
+t43HG2gBjDo-00417-00108103-00108263 own packages so if you load the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00418-00108264-00108375 emulators back
+t43HG2gBjDo-00419-00108376-00108783 package you this dictionary i mean our
+t43HG2gBjDo-00420-00108783-00108871 learners
+t43HG2gBjDo-00421-00108872-00109110 will be populated with i don't know 20
+t43HG2gBjDo-00422-00109111-00109223 more learners
+t43HG2gBjDo-00423-00109224-00109375 right and if you lost your survival
+t43HG2gBjDo-00424-00109376-00109543 package
+t43HG2gBjDo-00425-00109544-00109743 this dictionary now holds survival
+t43HG2gBjDo-00426-00109744-00109975 learners
+t43HG2gBjDo-00427-00109976-00110302 so this is these um yeah basically
+t43HG2gBjDo-00428-00110303-00110502 what you have to remember these short
+t43HG2gBjDo-00429-00110503-00110695 forms we will be using a lot in the next
+t43HG2gBjDo-00430-00110696-00110758 slides
+t43HG2gBjDo-00431-00110759-00110928 so um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00432-00110929-00111166 [Music]
+t43HG2gBjDo-00433-00111167-00111471 you can for example here um query what's
+t43HG2gBjDo-00434-00111472-00111527 in there
+t43HG2gBjDo-00435-00111528-00111695 if you don't provide any argument for
+t43HG2gBjDo-00436-00111696-00111839 this short form function here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00437-00111840-00112047 and you see oh boston housing dataset is
+t43HG2gBjDo-00438-00112048-00112271 there breast cancer and so on
+t43HG2gBjDo-00439-00112272-00112463 and if you want to have a single object
+t43HG2gBjDo-00440-00112464-00112639 also out of the dictionary you provide
+t43HG2gBjDo-00441-00112640-00112775 the id
+t43HG2gBjDo-00442-00112776-00113031 here for example to get an instance of
+t43HG2gBjDo-00443-00113032-00113215 the classification iris task
+t43HG2gBjDo-00444-00113216-00113471 we just call the task function here with
+t43HG2gBjDo-00445-00113472-00113654 the iris string
+t43HG2gBjDo-00446-00113655-00114166 and you get back the object
+t43HG2gBjDo-00447-00114167-00114534 okay and you can also convert to
+t43HG2gBjDo-00448-00114535-00114847 a data table you can basically do this
+t43HG2gBjDo-00449-00114848-00115047 for all objects
+t43HG2gBjDo-00450-00115048-00115207 i think which i implemented in the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00451-00115208-00115390 package so
+t43HG2gBjDo-00452-00115391-00115678 we love these tabular representations so
+t43HG2gBjDo-00453-00115679-00115790 for example you can
+t43HG2gBjDo-00454-00115791-00116071 you know convert the implemented
+t43HG2gBjDo-00455-00116072-00116199 learners to a data table and then you
+t43HG2gBjDo-00456-00116200-00116343 can start subsetting it
+t43HG2gBjDo-00457-00116344-00116799 for example for putting type or
+t43HG2gBjDo-00458-00116800-00117423 stuff like this many more columns here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00459-00117424-00117871 okay so we are tasked now um the next
+t43HG2gBjDo-00460-00117872-00118031 important thing is
+t43HG2gBjDo-00461-00118032-00118183 data we want to learn something so we
+t43HG2gBjDo-00462-00118183-00118502 need learning algorithms
+t43HG2gBjDo-00463-00118503-00118695 so this is basically what learning
+t43HG2gBjDo-00464-00118696-00118886 algorithms do they are
+t43HG2gBjDo-00465-00118888-00119183 two stage there's a training step and
+t43HG2gBjDo-00466-00119183-00119263 predict step
+t43HG2gBjDo-00467-00119264-00119447 in the training step you provide the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00468-00119448-00119599 learners and data set
+t43HG2gBjDo-00469-00119600-00119758 right this is what we call the training
+t43HG2gBjDo-00470-00119759-00119966 data and then the learner
+t43HG2gBjDo-00471-00119967-00120231 learns something about the data it
+t43HG2gBjDo-00472-00120232-00120271 learns
+t43HG2gBjDo-00473-00120272-00120663 parameters its coefficients right and
+t43HG2gBjDo-00474-00120664-00120863 store something internally what we call
+t43HG2gBjDo-00475-00120864-00121023 the model
+t43HG2gBjDo-00476-00121024-00121334 and then if we have another
+t43HG2gBjDo-00477-00121335-00121623 tabular data structure um because the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00478-00121624-00121727 test data
+t43HG2gBjDo-00479-00121728-00122014 you can provide it to the learner what
+t43HG2gBjDo-00480-00122015-00122190 we get from the learner now
+t43HG2gBjDo-00481-00122191-00122319 based on the learned model is a
+t43HG2gBjDo-00482-00122320-00122558 prediction so this is the estimate
+t43HG2gBjDo-00483-00122559-00123351 for the target variable right
+t43HG2gBjDo-00484-00123352-00123566 um to construct a learner we use this
+t43HG2gBjDo-00485-00123567-00123727 short form here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00486-00123728-00123958 lrn for learner and say we want to have
+t43HG2gBjDo-00487-00123959-00124110 a classification
+t43HG2gBjDo-00488-00124111-00124414 tree from the r part package here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00489-00124415-00124647 um this learner has this id classif dot
+t43HG2gBjDo-00490-00124648-00124807 r part
+t43HG2gBjDo-00491-00124808-00125047 and then we can just train it right so
+t43HG2gBjDo-00492-00125048-00125175 we have an object of kind
+t43HG2gBjDo-00493-00125176-00125366 of type learner here we call the train
+t43HG2gBjDo-00494-00125367-00125534 method provide a task
+t43HG2gBjDo-00495-00125535-00125734 the learner will update itself stores
+t43HG2gBjDo-00496-00125735-00125902 the model internally
+t43HG2gBjDo-00497-00125903-00126166 and we can also access the model right
+t43HG2gBjDo-00498-00126167-00126223 by
+t43HG2gBjDo-00499-00126224-00126495 accessing the field um dollar model and
+t43HG2gBjDo-00500-00126496-00126719 what's in here is the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00501-00126720-00126999 model as learned by or as returned by
+t43HG2gBjDo-00502-00127000-00127190 the rpart function
+t43HG2gBjDo-00503-00127191-00127495 so if you want we can now exit mlr3 and
+t43HG2gBjDo-00504-00127496-00127599 call plot
+t43HG2gBjDo-00505-00127600-00127758 on this object here or something
+t43HG2gBjDo-00506-00127759-00127910 something else i don't know
+t43HG2gBjDo-00507-00127911-00128334 summary whatever
+t43HG2gBjDo-00508-00128335-00128647 um learners have hyperparameters
+t43HG2gBjDo-00509-00128648-00128878 for example um this is the data table of
+t43HG2gBjDo-00510-00128879-00129031 hyper parameters for the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00511-00129032-00129310 decision tree um we have stored
+t43HG2gBjDo-00512-00129311-00129439 information about these
+t43HG2gBjDo-00513-00129440-00129766 hyperparameters the id the type um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00514-00129767-00130078 lower and upper bound allowed levels and
+t43HG2gBjDo-00515-00130079-00130295 so on right there's a little bit more in
+t43HG2gBjDo-00516-00130296-00130407 here um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00517-00130408-00130583 this is really handy if you want to
+t43HG2gBjDo-00518-00130583-00130727 start tuning these learners so if you
+t43HG2gBjDo-00519-00130728-00130871 just want to look something up which is
+t43HG2gBjDo-00520-00130872-00130934 the allowed
+t43HG2gBjDo-00521-00130935-00131135 feasible range or something like this
+t43HG2gBjDo-00522-00131136-00131295 you can do this by querying the learner
+t43HG2gBjDo-00523-00131296-00131471 directly
+t43HG2gBjDo-00524-00131472-00131607 michel is this okay if i add one
+t43HG2gBjDo-00525-00131608-00131799 sentence sure
+t43HG2gBjDo-00526-00131800-00131935 so i think some people are wondering how
+t43HG2gBjDo-00527-00131936-00132143 to follow along with respect to the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00528-00132144-00132383 code and so on so maybe we didn't make
+t43HG2gBjDo-00529-00132384-00132519 this clear enough the beginning
+t43HG2gBjDo-00530-00132520-00132775 so um the tutorial consists of three
+t43HG2gBjDo-00531-00132776-00133031 parts because it's mlr3 it's mlr3 tuning
+t43HG2gBjDo-00532-00133032-00133278 and it's mlr3 pipelines but each part
+t43HG2gBjDo-00533-00133279-00133399 actually contains
+t43HG2gBjDo-00534-00133400-00133671 two sub-cards okay so the first support
+t43HG2gBjDo-00535-00133672-00133702 is
+t43HG2gBjDo-00536-00133703-00133966 uh either mitchell or me presenting the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00537-00133967-00134127 pdf right and you're just supposed to
+t43HG2gBjDo-00538-00134128-00134295 listen there and it's much too fast
+t43HG2gBjDo-00539-00134296-00134407 anyway to type this
+t43HG2gBjDo-00540-00134408-00134575 and to go along with this right but we
+t43HG2gBjDo-00541-00134576-00134807 are going to do nearly exactly
+t43HG2gBjDo-00542-00134808-00135078 the same thing on a concrete use case
+t43HG2gBjDo-00543-00135079-00135207 after the pdf
+t43HG2gBjDo-00544-00135208-00135575 um and these are linked uh also on the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00545-00135576-00135663 github page
+t43HG2gBjDo-00546-00135664-00135966 okay so um i think we are maybe linking
+t43HG2gBjDo-00547-00135967-00136254 into the rendered out html i will also
+t43HG2gBjDo-00548-00136255-00136423 show you before mitchell goes to that
+t43HG2gBjDo-00549-00136424-00136551 first use case we'll also
+t43HG2gBjDo-00550-00136552-00136687 show you directly how you can download
+t43HG2gBjDo-00551-00136688-00136871 the rnd okay which i think might be a
+t43HG2gBjDo-00552-00136872-00137014 little bit hidden that and we
+t43HG2gBjDo-00553-00137015-00137166 should have linked to it better that we
+t43HG2gBjDo-00554-00137167-00137327 will show that and then you can really
+t43HG2gBjDo-00555-00137328-00137454 download this on your
+t43HG2gBjDo-00556-00137455-00137623 machine and follow along with this if
+t43HG2gBjDo-00557-00137624-00137759 you wanted to okay
+t43HG2gBjDo-00558-00137760-00138039 but for now just listen to this uh try
+t43HG2gBjDo-00559-00138040-00138151 to understand
+t43HG2gBjDo-00560-00138152-00138295 the rough concepts and then we're going
+t43HG2gBjDo-00561-00138296-00138495 to do this um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00562-00138496-00138678 in the use cases again kind of a second
+t43HG2gBjDo-00563-00138679-00138935 time okay
+t43HG2gBjDo-00564-00138936-00139551 yeah thank you
+t43HG2gBjDo-00565-00139552-00139751 okay um so you have these hyper
+t43HG2gBjDo-00566-00139752-00139902 parameters in there and you can
+t43HG2gBjDo-00567-00139903-00140054 also set cyber permissions for learner
+t43HG2gBjDo-00568-00140055-00140335 by just assigning a named list
+t43HG2gBjDo-00569-00140336-00140599 to the field values of the field
+t43HG2gBjDo-00570-00140600-00140766 parameter set here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00571-00140767-00141007 and then here for example we say the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00572-00141008-00141207 maximum death for the classification
+t43HG2gBjDo-00573-00141208-00141463 is now one and if we train the learner
+t43HG2gBjDo-00574-00141464-00141559 again well
+t43HG2gBjDo-00575-00141560-00141831 it will behave differently right um it
+t43HG2gBjDo-00576-00141832-00142031 will give a smaller decision tree here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00577-00142032-00142287 um for example decision tree of death
+t43HG2gBjDo-00578-00142288-00142447 one so this is just a stump
+t43HG2gBjDo-00579-00142448-00142719 this is really really shallow just one
+t43HG2gBjDo-00580-00142720-00142790 split point
+t43HG2gBjDo-00581-00142791-00143159 right um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00582-00143160-00143478 yeah um and then to get a prediction
+t43HG2gBjDo-00583-00143479-00143575 autozy learner
+t43HG2gBjDo-00584-00143576-00143823 um you have to provide a data set again
+t43HG2gBjDo-00585-00143824-00143983 for prediction to test data
+t43HG2gBjDo-00586-00143984-00144143 here um we have something which is
+t43HG2gBjDo-00587-00144144-00144319 called udata there are two rows in there
+t43HG2gBjDo-00588-00144320-00144399 and
+t43HG2gBjDo-00589-00144400-00144735 values for all features right and um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00590-00144736-00145039 we then can call the method predict you
+t43HG2gBjDo-00591-00145040-00145143 data of the learner
+t43HG2gBjDo-00592-00145144-00145366 on the new data frame for the new data
+t43HG2gBjDo-00593-00145367-00145447 data frame
+t43HG2gBjDo-00594-00145448-00145590 and what we get back is a prediction
+t43HG2gBjDo-00595-00145591-00145839 object right and as you can already see
+t43HG2gBjDo-00596-00145840-00145887 here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00597-00145888-00146111 this is kind of tabular um we have
+t43HG2gBjDo-00598-00146112-00146223 stored the row id
+t43HG2gBjDo-00599-00146224-00146543 we have stored the the two values two
+t43HG2gBjDo-00600-00146544-00146678 response which is
+t43HG2gBjDo-00601-00146679-00146878 an a here because well it's not in the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00602-00146879-00146983 data so
+t43HG2gBjDo-00603-00146984-00147231 we don't know it but we could have opted
+t43HG2gBjDo-00604-00147232-00147302 to
+t43HG2gBjDo-00605-00147303-00147566 also um provide it here then we would
+t43HG2gBjDo-00606-00147567-00147790 have also started in the prediction
+t43HG2gBjDo-00607-00147791-00148063 and here we have the um the predicted
+t43HG2gBjDo-00608-00148064-00148126 label
+t43HG2gBjDo-00609-00148127-00148407 from the decision tree for the first
+t43HG2gBjDo-00610-00148408-00148495 column for
+t43HG2gBjDo-00611-00148496-00149183 the first one segway um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00612-00149184-00149431 we can also say the learner say that the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00613-00149432-00149575 learner should predict
+t43HG2gBjDo-00614-00149576-00149743 not only the labels but also
+t43HG2gBjDo-00615-00149744-00149926 probabilities so
+t43HG2gBjDo-00616-00149927-00150263 to do this we just set the field predict
+t43HG2gBjDo-00617-00150264-00150319 type
+t43HG2gBjDo-00618-00150320-00150623 to prop for probabilities and then uh
+t43HG2gBjDo-00619-00150624-00150814 if we call the new data method again
+t43HG2gBjDo-00620-00150815-00150959 from the learner we again get a
+t43HG2gBjDo-00621-00150960-00151071 prediction object
+t43HG2gBjDo-00622-00151072-00151254 but now we have additional information
+t43HG2gBjDo-00623-00151255-00151471 in here so not only is already the truth
+t43HG2gBjDo-00624-00151472-00151575 and the response
+t43HG2gBjDo-00625-00151576-00151839 but also probability for classitosa
+t43HG2gBjDo-00626-00151840-00151959 class vesicular
+t43HG2gBjDo-00627-00151960-00152295 and class virginica so for example
+t43HG2gBjDo-00628-00152296-00152583 the decision tree is perfectly sure that
+t43HG2gBjDo-00629-00152584-00152647 the first
+t43HG2gBjDo-00630-00152648-00152966 row is the tosa and um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00631-00152967-00153143 don't know if it's where the color
+t43HG2gBjDo-00632-00153144-00153390 opportunity is 50 50 for the second
+t43HG2gBjDo-00633-00153391-00153823 um second row so yes just then just
+t43HG2gBjDo-00634-00153824-00154471 sampled i guess the label
+t43HG2gBjDo-00635-00154472-00154783 um so closer look at the prediction
+t43HG2gBjDo-00636-00154784-00154863 object
+t43HG2gBjDo-00637-00154864-00155166 you can again use as data table to get a
+t43HG2gBjDo-00638-00155167-00155343 tabular representation of the data which
+t43HG2gBjDo-00639-00155344-00155502 is stored inside
+t43HG2gBjDo-00640-00155503-00155726 and there are also these fields or
+t43HG2gBjDo-00641-00155727-00155911 active bindings where you can access
+t43HG2gBjDo-00642-00155912-00156102 some of the data directly for example
+t43HG2gBjDo-00643-00156103-00156239 response but just
+t43HG2gBjDo-00644-00156240-00156575 um yeah dollar response here and there's
+t43HG2gBjDo-00645-00156576-00156743 some more stuff which you can look up in
+t43HG2gBjDo-00646-00156744-00157166 the manual page um so now we have
+t43HG2gBjDo-00647-00157167-00157439 trains the learner and get a prediction
+t43HG2gBjDo-00648-00157440-00157614 now it's time to to score the prediction
+t43HG2gBjDo-00649-00157615-00157790 to
+t43HG2gBjDo-00650-00157791-00157999 measure how well the learner performed
+t43HG2gBjDo-00651-00158000-00158166 on the data set
+t43HG2gBjDo-00652-00158167-00158383 so this is what is called performance
+t43HG2gBjDo-00653-00158384-00158575 evaluation here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00654-00158576-00158847 um we now have here a learner which is
+t43HG2gBjDo-00655-00158848-00158951 already trained so
+t43HG2gBjDo-00656-00158952-00159111 there's already a model in there and we
+t43HG2gBjDo-00657-00159112-00159319 have some some new data
+t43HG2gBjDo-00658-00159320-00159654 here and we start by splitting the new
+t43HG2gBjDo-00659-00159655-00159911 data of the test data to features and
+t43HG2gBjDo-00660-00159912-00160078 target
+t43HG2gBjDo-00661-00160079-00160326 the features go into the learner and the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00662-00160327-00160583 learner gives us a prediction
+t43HG2gBjDo-00663-00160584-00160895 right and the true column or the target
+t43HG2gBjDo-00664-00160896-00160951 column
+t43HG2gBjDo-00665-00160952-00161278 so ground truth also called
+t43HG2gBjDo-00666-00161279-00161614 we then compare with the prediction here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00667-00161615-00161951 um using a measure so
+t43HG2gBjDo-00668-00161952-00162102 this could be for example quadratic plus
+t43HG2gBjDo-00669-00162103-00162302 or something like this
+t43HG2gBjDo-00670-00162303-00162487 and what we get out here is a single
+t43HG2gBjDo-00671-00162488-00162847 number which
+t43HG2gBjDo-00672-00162848-00163207 yeah i'm just depending on the measure
+t43HG2gBjDo-00673-00163208-00163502 is low if predictions are really good
+t43HG2gBjDo-00674-00163503-00163614 and high if
+t43HG2gBjDo-00675-00163615-00163919 not just just guessing or so
+t43HG2gBjDo-00676-00163920-00164143 or the other depending on the measure so
+t43HG2gBjDo-00677-00164144-00164287 just a comparison here with
+t43HG2gBjDo-00678-00164288-00164623 these two vectors um just the function
+t43HG2gBjDo-00679-00164624-00164766 which gives us
+t43HG2gBjDo-00680-00164767-00165223 depending on these two vectors a number
+t43HG2gBjDo-00681-00165224-00165590 um to do this um in mls3
+t43HG2gBjDo-00682-00165591-00165871 um we first created a task um where we
+t43HG2gBjDo-00683-00165872-00166007 also have the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00684-00166008-00166271 target column in here uh we could also
+t43HG2gBjDo-00685-00166272-00166414 do this with the data frame we
+t43HG2gBjDo-00686-00166415-00166711 don't necessarily need a task to do this
+t43HG2gBjDo-00687-00166712-00166871 but he is
+t43HG2gBjDo-00688-00166872-00167190 done with the task on the slides
+t43HG2gBjDo-00689-00167191-00167454 so we have a learner and we call predict
+t43HG2gBjDo-00690-00167455-00167599 instead of putting new data
+t43HG2gBjDo-00691-00167600-00167807 and because we are now providing a task
+t43HG2gBjDo-00692-00167808-00167966 on the task here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00693-00167967-00168159 and what we now get as a prediction
+t43HG2gBjDo-00694-00168160-00168326 receive um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00695-00168327-00168638 truth column here not an a but
+t43HG2gBjDo-00696-00168639-00168999 actual values here and then
+t43HG2gBjDo-00697-00169000-00169287 we can of course predict the score
+t43HG2gBjDo-00698-00169288-00169463 method of the predict object
+t43HG2gBjDo-00699-00169464-00169599 and provide a measure here's a
+t43HG2gBjDo-00700-00169600-00169759 classification error and what we get
+t43HG2gBjDo-00701-00169760-00169919 back is
+t43HG2gBjDo-00702-00169920-00170207 the number says hey you have scored half
+t43HG2gBjDo-00703-00170208-00170319 of the predictions
+t43HG2gBjDo-00704-00170320-00170607 correctly and the other half incorrectly
+t43HG2gBjDo-00705-00170608-00170654 right
+t43HG2gBjDo-00706-00170655-00171095 so just um yeah just counting how many
+t43HG2gBjDo-00707-00171096-00171190 are incorrect
+t43HG2gBjDo-00708-00171191-00171351 basically and then dividing by the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00709-00171352-00171590 number of objects in the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00710-00171591-00172007 prediction
+t43HG2gBjDo-00711-00172008-00172343 so um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00712-00172344-00172678 if you repeat this this is then called
+t43HG2gBjDo-00713-00172679-00172999 sorry resampling um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00714-00173000-00173271 for resampling you first split the the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00715-00173272-00173343 data
+t43HG2gBjDo-00716-00173344-00173583 the complete data you have um into two
+t43HG2gBjDo-00717-00173584-00173647 parts
+t43HG2gBjDo-00718-00173648-00174119 first the training set and then
+t43HG2gBjDo-00719-00174120-00174271 the upper goes here and the lower rows
+t43HG2gBjDo-00720-00174272-00174495 are the test set and the tests that you
+t43HG2gBjDo-00721-00174496-00174614 also divide into
+t43HG2gBjDo-00722-00174615-00174966 the features and the target the training
+t43HG2gBjDo-00723-00174967-00175023 data
+t43HG2gBjDo-00724-00175024-00175319 goes into the learner right where you
+t43HG2gBjDo-00725-00175320-00175399 again
+t43HG2gBjDo-00726-00175400-00175702 learning model and then
+t43HG2gBjDo-00727-00175703-00175895 you pass the test set the features of
+t43HG2gBjDo-00728-00175896-00176063 test set to the learner
+t43HG2gBjDo-00729-00176064-00176311 get a prediction compare it with the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00730-00176312-00176487 ground truth
+t43HG2gBjDo-00731-00176488-00176671 and get a performance this is basically
+t43HG2gBjDo-00732-00176672-00176838 exactly what we've did before
+t43HG2gBjDo-00733-00176839-00177190 with the training step manually
+t43HG2gBjDo-00734-00177191-00177502 but you we usually do this quite
+t43HG2gBjDo-00735-00177503-00177599 frequently
+t43HG2gBjDo-00736-00177600-00177959 so um and also
+t43HG2gBjDo-00737-00177960-00178183 not only once but repeated because we
+t43HG2gBjDo-00738-00178184-00178302 could be lucky
+t43HG2gBjDo-00739-00178303-00178614 well for example if these um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00740-00178615-00178759 these tests that yes the observations
+t43HG2gBjDo-00741-00178760-00178926 tested are really
+t43HG2gBjDo-00742-00178927-00179326 easy um to predict then we would get in
+t43HG2gBjDo-00743-00179327-00179623 one impression about the real um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00744-00179624-00179726 prediction performance
+t43HG2gBjDo-00745-00179727-00179943 we are calculating here so we typically
+t43HG2gBjDo-00746-00179944-00180031 repeat it
+t43HG2gBjDo-00747-00180032-00180231 and then measure and then aggregate the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00748-00180232-00180383 performance values we get
+t43HG2gBjDo-00749-00180384-00180590 so this is what we are basically doing
+t43HG2gBjDo-00750-00180591-00180751 we look at
+t43HG2gBjDo-00751-00180752-00181071 different splits of the data into
+t43HG2gBjDo-00752-00181072-00181166 training a test
+t43HG2gBjDo-00753-00181167-00181383 so this is a training and the grade out
+t43HG2gBjDo-00754-00181384-00181526 stuff is test
+t43HG2gBjDo-00755-00181527-00181863 part we calculate performance for each
+t43HG2gBjDo-00756-00181864-00181935 of the split
+t43HG2gBjDo-00757-00181936-00182199 we get performance measure each time and
+t43HG2gBjDo-00758-00182200-00182326 then we aggregate it
+t43HG2gBjDo-00759-00182327-00182631 into an aggregate performance and this
+t43HG2gBjDo-00760-00182632-00182671 is
+t43HG2gBjDo-00761-00182672-00183071 typically what we report for
+t43HG2gBjDo-00762-00183072-00183511 yeah for learner
+t43HG2gBjDo-00763-00183512-00183807 and all this is done by the resample
+t43HG2gBjDo-00764-00183808-00183919 function
+t43HG2gBjDo-00765-00183920-00184414 so to do this in mr3
+t43HG2gBjDo-00766-00184415-00184663 again we have to create an object here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00767-00184664-00184959 we create a resampling object
+t43HG2gBjDo-00768-00184960-00185263 we use this shorthand form here to get a
+t43HG2gBjDo-00769-00185264-00185390 resampling strategy
+t43HG2gBjDo-00770-00185391-00185654 which just defines what we are how we
+t43HG2gBjDo-00771-00185655-00185854 are planning to split up the data
+t43HG2gBjDo-00772-00185855-00186019 here we say we want to do
+t43HG2gBjDo-00773-00186020-00186159 cross-validation
+t43HG2gBjDo-00774-00186160-00186478 with five folds this is what we've done
+t43HG2gBjDo-00775-00186479-00186519 here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00776-00186520-00186911 right and um if you have created such a
+t43HG2gBjDo-00777-00186912-00187047 resampling object
+t43HG2gBjDo-00778-00187048-00187326 we can pass it to the resample function
+t43HG2gBjDo-00779-00187327-00187366 here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00780-00187367-00187614 third argument it also provides the task
+t43HG2gBjDo-00781-00187615-00187743 in the learner
+t43HG2gBjDo-00782-00187744-00187966 and what you could get back then after
+t43HG2gBjDo-00783-00187967-00188135 some computation is a resample
+t43HG2gBjDo-00784-00188136-00188559 result object um again
+t43HG2gBjDo-00785-00188560-00188895 we can convert it to a data table
+t43HG2gBjDo-00786-00188896-00189111 and as criteria now there are objects
+t43HG2gBjDo-00787-00189112-00189302 stored in the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00788-00189303-00189614 in the fields here so here the task is
+t43HG2gBjDo-00789-00189615-00189711 there the learner
+t43HG2gBjDo-00790-00189712-00189847 the resampling iteration and the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00791-00189848-00190150 prediction or
+t43HG2gBjDo-00792-00190151-00190438 stored as objects and we have active
+t43HG2gBjDo-00793-00190439-00190566 bindings and fields to
+t43HG2gBjDo-00794-00190567-00190735 get out information of this of three
+t43HG2gBjDo-00795-00190736-00191031 sample result so for example
+t43HG2gBjDo-00796-00191032-00191231 you can call the aggregate method and
+t43HG2gBjDo-00797-00191232-00191375 provide a measure
+t43HG2gBjDo-00798-00191376-00191743 um to do the performance
+t43HG2gBjDo-00799-00191744-00192038 evaluation basically so what we've done
+t43HG2gBjDo-00800-00192039-00192111 here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00801-00192112-00192519 right so um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00802-00192520-00192790 by calling aggregate we calculate the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00803-00192791-00192895 individual
+t43HG2gBjDo-00804-00192896-00193095 scores and then aggregate these together
+t43HG2gBjDo-00805-00193096-00193431 into one aggregate measure
+t43HG2gBjDo-00806-00193432-00193671 oops this is what is happening here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00807-00193672-00193831 internally
+t43HG2gBjDo-00808-00193832-00194031 you can access the prediction with
+t43HG2gBjDo-00809-00194032-00194175 emergency prediction over all
+t43HG2gBjDo-00810-00194176-00194423 resampling iterations you can also
+t43HG2gBjDo-00811-00194424-00194583 access individual prediction per
+t43HG2gBjDo-00812-00194584-00194743 resampling iteration
+t43HG2gBjDo-00813-00194744-00194895 this is a list of prediction objects
+t43HG2gBjDo-00814-00194896-00195271 here this first one for example
+t43HG2gBjDo-00815-00195272-00195495 um you can also calculate scores for
+t43HG2gBjDo-00816-00195496-00195863 these resampling iterations and so on
+t43HG2gBjDo-00817-00195864-00196223 um the last part is
+t43HG2gBjDo-00818-00196224-00196526 comparing learners and this is
+t43HG2gBjDo-00819-00196527-00196814 what we call benchmarking so instead of
+t43HG2gBjDo-00820-00196815-00197038 doing a simple resample we now
+t43HG2gBjDo-00821-00197039-00197159 repeatedly do with something with
+t43HG2gBjDo-00822-00197160-00197366 different learners and we can also
+t43HG2gBjDo-00823-00197367-00197566 repeat this with different tasks so you
+t43HG2gBjDo-00824-00197567-00197750 get something like this grid
+t43HG2gBjDo-00825-00197751-00197959 here so this is the accurate performance
+t43HG2gBjDo-00826-00197960-00198102 measures measure
+t43HG2gBjDo-00827-00198103-00198271 which results from resampling from
+t43HG2gBjDo-00828-00198272-00198407 learner one and task one
+t43HG2gBjDo-00829-00198408-00198566 runner two and task one learner three
+t43HG2gBjDo-00830-00198567-00198743 and task one here we have a different
+t43HG2gBjDo-00831-00198744-00198983 task and also
+t43HG2gBjDo-00832-00198984-00199190 applied to learner one two and three
+t43HG2gBjDo-00833-00199191-00199343 well in exhaustive grid
+t43HG2gBjDo-00834-00199344-00199583 fashion right so this is what we call
+t43HG2gBjDo-00835-00199584-00199750 benchmarking
+t43HG2gBjDo-00836-00199751-00200063 and um doing this is really easy also in
+t43HG2gBjDo-00837-00200064-00200175 mls3
+t43HG2gBjDo-00838-00200176-00200383 um here we load the mls3 learners
+t43HG2gBjDo-00839-00200384-00200519 package to get
+t43HG2gBjDo-00840-00200520-00200766 some more um some more learners
+t43HG2gBjDo-00841-00200767-00200959 populated in the dictionary
+t43HG2gBjDo-00842-00200960-00201214 so we can in this example we want to
+t43HG2gBjDo-00843-00201215-00201350 load the k n
+t43HG2gBjDo-00844-00201351-00201631 learner to compare the r part learner
+t43HG2gBjDo-00845-00201632-00201775 and here we have a list of tasks
+t43HG2gBjDo-00846-00201776-00201966 ios data set so now data set and wine
+t43HG2gBjDo-00847-00201967-00202487 data set just small
+t43HG2gBjDo-00848-00202488-00202678 these are just some small example data
+t43HG2gBjDo-00849-00202679-00202871 sets and
+t43HG2gBjDo-00850-00202872-00203207 then we built this design um yes we
+t43HG2gBjDo-00851-00203208-00203343 designed to say we want to
+t43HG2gBjDo-00852-00203344-00203590 apply each learner on each task using a
+t43HG2gBjDo-00853-00203591-00203775 five-fold cross validation
+t43HG2gBjDo-00854-00203776-00204031 and this design is then passed to the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00855-00204032-00204175 benchmark function which does all the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00856-00204176-00204311 computation
+t43HG2gBjDo-00857-00204312-00204566 and what we get back is a object again a
+t43HG2gBjDo-00858-00204567-00204855 benchmark result in this in this case
+t43HG2gBjDo-00859-00204856-00205166 we can also call the aggregate function
+t43HG2gBjDo-00860-00205167-00205471 we can make a data table and well this
+t43HG2gBjDo-00861-00205471-00205534 is the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00862-00205535-00205927 important part here we access the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00863-00205928-00206103 columns task id learn id and the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00864-00206104-00206246 performance measure and see here for
+t43HG2gBjDo-00865-00206248-00206334 example
+t43HG2gBjDo-00866-00206335-00206566 for task id iris we've trained the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00867-00206567-00206694 learner
+t43HG2gBjDo-00868-00206696-00206942 classif dot airpod and we got a
+t43HG2gBjDo-00869-00206944-00207114 classification error of
+t43HG2gBjDo-00870-00207115-00207462 0.06 yeah
+t43HG2gBjDo-00871-00207463-00207766 and we could now say hey um k n output
+t43HG2gBjDo-00872-00207767-00208127 forms the decision tree overall
+t43HG2gBjDo-00873-00208128-00208682 task for example just by comparing these
+t43HG2gBjDo-00874-00208683-00208879 numbers
+t43HG2gBjDo-00875-00208880-00209271 um closer look at the benchmark result
+t43HG2gBjDo-00876-00209271-00209575 it's always the same you can call as
+t43HG2gBjDo-00877-00209576-00209719 data table
+t43HG2gBjDo-00878-00209719-00209951 we have active bindings and functions to
+t43HG2gBjDo-00879-00209952-00210039 easily get the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00880-00210040-00210294 information out of there and we also
+t43HG2gBjDo-00881-00210296-00210382 have um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00882-00210383-00210663 a visual visualization package which is
+t43HG2gBjDo-00883-00210664-00210910 called mls revis and if you load this
+t43HG2gBjDo-00884-00210911-00211087 and call the auto plot function on a
+t43HG2gBjDo-00885-00211088-00211263 benchmark result
+t43HG2gBjDo-00886-00211264-00211455 you get a nice summary so you don't have
+t43HG2gBjDo-00887-00211456-00211615 to compare the numbers
+t43HG2gBjDo-00888-00211616-00211919 looking at them and just wait
+t43HG2gBjDo-00889-00211919-00212151 generate some box plots here and draw
+t43HG2gBjDo-00890-00212152-00212287 your conclusions
+t43HG2gBjDo-00891-00212288-00212623 using these box plots
+t43HG2gBjDo-00892-00212623-00212998 um one more technical
+t43HG2gBjDo-00893-00213000-00213182 aspect of mlr3 is the control of
+t43HG2gBjDo-00894-00213183-00213342 execution
+t43HG2gBjDo-00895-00213344-00213767 um before you start the resampling with
+t43HG2gBjDo-00896-00213767-00213919 the resample function or benchmarking
+t43HG2gBjDo-00897-00213919-00214094 with a benchmark function
+t43HG2gBjDo-00898-00214096-00214398 you can choose a back end
+t43HG2gBjDo-00899-00214400-00214758 which defines how the learners are
+t43HG2gBjDo-00900-00214759-00215071 um calculated meaning in a way um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00901-00215071-00215255 how are they parallelized so we are
+t43HG2gBjDo-00902-00215256-00215367 using the future package for
+t43HG2gBjDo-00903-00215367-00215519 parallelization
+t43HG2gBjDo-00904-00215519-00215782 um so before you kick off your
+t43HG2gBjDo-00905-00215783-00215958 benchmarking with the batman function
+t43HG2gBjDo-00906-00215959-00216271 and you put this line here um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00907-00216271-00216567 first then the benchmark function will
+t43HG2gBjDo-00908-00216567-00216615 run
+t43HG2gBjDo-00909-00216616-00216894 on all your local cores right just
+t43HG2gBjDo-00910-00216896-00217110 choosing a backend here for polarization
+t43HG2gBjDo-00911-00217111-00217246 everything adds the samples and
+t43HG2gBjDo-00912-00217248-00217639 internally so this is all you have to do
+t43HG2gBjDo-00913-00217640-00218039 um furthermore if you are doing
+t43HG2gBjDo-00914-00218040-00218206 some more large and comprehensive
+t43HG2gBjDo-00915-00218207-00218406 benchmark studies
+t43HG2gBjDo-00916-00218407-00218710 you will encounter some problems usually
+t43HG2gBjDo-00917-00218711-00218927 because something like will crash for
+t43HG2gBjDo-00918-00218928-00219158 certain hyper perimeter settings or
+t43HG2gBjDo-00919-00219159-00219503 even zac fault um it is always um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00920-00219504-00219831 yeah pretty inconvenient um so we
+t43HG2gBjDo-00921-00219832-00220142 um supports what we call encapsulation
+t43HG2gBjDo-00922-00220144-00220239 of learners
+t43HG2gBjDo-00923-00220240-00220479 so you can say when the learner is
+t43HG2gBjDo-00924-00220480-00220567 trained
+t43HG2gBjDo-00925-00220567-00220823 um do this in a separate r session for
+t43HG2gBjDo-00926-00220823-00220967 example or do this
+t43HG2gBjDo-00927-00220967-00221271 in a special protected environment for
+t43HG2gBjDo-00928-00221271-00221431 example if you say here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00929-00221432-00221623 this learner should be encapsulated the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00930-00221623-00221798 training step using the call-out package
+t43HG2gBjDo-00931-00221800-00221919 and the predictive also using
+t43HG2gBjDo-00932-00221919-00222023 quarterback
+t43HG2gBjDo-00933-00222023-00222294 package then before the learner will get
+t43HG2gBjDo-00934-00222296-00222358 trained
+t43HG2gBjDo-00935-00222359-00222606 separate our session is started in which
+t43HG2gBjDo-00936-00222607-00222719 the learner will be trained
+t43HG2gBjDo-00937-00222719-00222871 and the result will be communicated back
+t43HG2gBjDo-00938-00222871-00223119 to the master so even if the learner
+t43HG2gBjDo-00939-00223119-00223198 zack falls
+t43HG2gBjDo-00940-00223200-00223519 um this won't tear down your um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00941-00223519-00223719 our session so that you can continue
+t43HG2gBjDo-00942-00223719-00223823 computing
+t43HG2gBjDo-00943-00223823-00224087 so this is really convenient for larger
+t43HG2gBjDo-00944-00224088-00224215 studies
+t43HG2gBjDo-00945-00224216-00224463 also logs are captured and um you have
+t43HG2gBjDo-00946-00224464-00224655 the possibility to fall back to
+t43HG2gBjDo-00947-00224656-00224910 other learners for example simple loner
+t43HG2gBjDo-00948-00224911-00225110 which doesn't like false often
+t43HG2gBjDo-00949-00225111-00225327 just to get predictions and do something
+t43HG2gBjDo-00950-00225328-00225439 statistically sound
+t43HG2gBjDo-00951-00225440-00225967 um in the aggregation of the results
+t43HG2gBjDo-00952-00225967-00226367 um some some notes on how to get help
+t43HG2gBjDo-00953-00226367-00226598 okay check these slides of course also
+t43HG2gBjDo-00954-00226600-00226951 mention the book already
+t43HG2gBjDo-00955-00226952-00227119 if you have an object of ml3 and you're
+t43HG2gBjDo-00956-00227119-00227342 unsure how to get help
+t43HG2gBjDo-00957-00227344-00227598 you can always ask for the class here
+t43HG2gBjDo-00958-00227600-00227751 for example
+t43HG2gBjDo-00959-00227752-00228167 um get that this object bmr is of class
+t43HG2gBjDo-00960-00228167-00228279 benchmark result
+t43HG2gBjDo-00961-00228280-00228710 and r6 but then look up benchmark result
+t43HG2gBjDo-00962-00228711-00229015 and you will usually find something
+t43HG2gBjDo-00963-00229016-00229319 another new way to
+t43HG2gBjDo-00964-00229319-00229694 get to the respective manual pages
+t43HG2gBjDo-00965-00229696-00229975 that you just call the message help and
+t43HG2gBjDo-00966-00229976-00230255 something will pop up
+t43HG2gBjDo-00967-00230256-00230406 but this is not yet implemented for
+t43HG2gBjDo-00968-00230407-00230591 objects so we just started
+t43HG2gBjDo-00969-00230592-00231039 doing this um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00970-00231040-00231310 so these are more this is overview most
+t43HG2gBjDo-00971-00231311-00231391 important parts
+t43HG2gBjDo-00972-00231392-00231710 um for data you have um
+t43HG2gBjDo-00973-00231711-00231951 the task objects for classification and
+t43HG2gBjDo-00974-00231952-00232039 regression
+t43HG2gBjDo-00975-00232040-00232367 and you can access um predefined tasking
+t43HG2gBjDo-00976-00232367-00232423 the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00977-00232423-00232758 tsk function um same for the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00978-00232759-00232998 um learning algorithms you can use the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00979-00233000-00233215 lrn function to get a learner
+t43HG2gBjDo-00980-00233216-00233471 you can call train and predict and you
+t43HG2gBjDo-00981-00233471-00233534 could
+t43HG2gBjDo-00982-00233535-00234046 get a prediction um for resampling
+t43HG2gBjDo-00983-00234048-00234367 this guy here for measures msr
+t43HG2gBjDo-00984-00234367-00234615 um the resample function of course will
+t43HG2gBjDo-00985-00234616-00234798 give you a resample result
+t43HG2gBjDo-00986-00234800-00234927 and the most important best with the
+t43HG2gBjDo-00987-00234928-00235182 aggregate method for the resample result
+t43HG2gBjDo-00988-00235183-00235351 and for performance comparison over
+t43HG2gBjDo-00989-00235352-00235503 multiple learners and multiple tasks you
+t43HG2gBjDo-00990-00235504-00235646 see benchmark function
+t43HG2gBjDo-00991-00235648-00235982 which will give you benchmark results
+t43HG2gBjDo-00992-00235983-00236463 so and as bernd already said i will
+t43HG2gBjDo-00993-00236464-00236782 shortly start leaving showing a use case
+t43HG2gBjDo-00994-00236783-00236998 on the german credit data
+t43HG2gBjDo-00995-00237000-00237246 but before here's another slide um that
+t43HG2gBjDo-00996-00237248-00237367 you get impression about
+t43HG2gBjDo-00997-00237367-00237703 what is already there and what's
+t43HG2gBjDo-00998-00237704-00237982 still in the planning so this is our
+t43HG2gBjDo-00999-00237983-00238246 current ecosystem in the middle is the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01000-00238248-00238367 mlr3 package
+t43HG2gBjDo-01001-00238367-00238679 and well where do i start
+t43HG2gBjDo-01002-00238680-00238863 for example to access data or handle
+t43HG2gBjDo-01003-00238864-00239087 with data we have here
+t43HG2gBjDo-01004-00239088-00239334 a package to communicate with database
+t43HG2gBjDo-01005-00239335-00239423 backends
+t43HG2gBjDo-01006-00239423-00239606 for example mysql servers or something
+t43HG2gBjDo-01007-00239607-00239846 like this um we have connector to
+t43HG2gBjDo-01008-00239848-00240103 uh openml database here's the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01009-00240104-00240294 visualization package right here is
+t43HG2gBjDo-01010-00240296-00240639 learners we have packages for feature
+t43HG2gBjDo-01011-00240640-00240823 selection here
+t43HG2gBjDo-01012-00240823-00241103 we have a few packages for tuning you
+t43HG2gBjDo-01013-00241104-00241182 know this
+t43HG2gBjDo-01014-00241183-00241334 band will be talking about i'm just
+t43HG2gBjDo-01015-00241335-00241510 tuning in a few minutes
+t43HG2gBjDo-01016-00241511-00241871 um and pipelines oh
+t43HG2gBjDo-01017-00241871-00242119 over here is pipelines which will be the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01018-00242119-00242303 last package for today
+t43HG2gBjDo-01019-00242304-00242510 and yeah also for some special charts
+t43HG2gBjDo-01020-00242511-00242679 for example ordinal regression or
+t43HG2gBjDo-01021-00242680-00242830 clustering
+t43HG2gBjDo-01022-00242831-00243127 or um survival analysts we have some
+t43HG2gBjDo-01023-00243128-00243591 packages already
+t43HG2gBjDo-01024-00243592-00244055 okay um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01025-00244056-00244351 any questions on slido already banned
+t43HG2gBjDo-01026-00244352-00244479 should i proceed
+t43HG2gBjDo-01027-00244480-00244663 um there was a little bit of discussion
+t43HG2gBjDo-01028-00244664-00244846 going on in the zoom chat
+t43HG2gBjDo-01029-00244848-00245246 with mainly me posting links um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01030-00245248-00245503 and i watched sliders so i didn't see
+t43HG2gBjDo-01031-00245504-00245646 anything there
+t43HG2gBjDo-01032-00245648-00245846 okay i hope it does work for everyone
+t43HG2gBjDo-01033-00245848-00245958 and there's
+t43HG2gBjDo-01034-00245959-00246119 because of your good presentation there
+t43HG2gBjDo-01035-00246119-00246334 are just no questions
+t43HG2gBjDo-01036-00246335-00246551 sorry i just i can see a couple of
+t43HG2gBjDo-01037-00246552-00246679 questions at the moment
+t43HG2gBjDo-01038-00246680-00247023 uh should i read them out to you uh well
+t43HG2gBjDo-01039-00247023-00247182 actually better if i understand where i
+t43HG2gBjDo-01040-00247183-00247455 didn't see them before let me check
+t43HG2gBjDo-01041-00247456-00247671 i can see i can see them now sorry okay
+t43HG2gBjDo-01042-00247671-00247782 great yeah
+t43HG2gBjDo-01043-00247783-00248030 um michelle can you see them or should i
+t43HG2gBjDo-01044-00248031-00248094 okay so
+t43HG2gBjDo-01045-00248096-00248310 let me i'll i'll answer the middle one
+t43HG2gBjDo-01046-00248311-00248463 first so one there's one question what
+t43HG2gBjDo-01047-00248464-00248663 is encapsulation so mitchell
+t43HG2gBjDo-01048-00248664-00248903 tried to explain this so if you run a
+t43HG2gBjDo-01049-00248904-00249063 large scale benchmark right you have
+t43HG2gBjDo-01050-00249064-00249151 like i don't know
+t43HG2gBjDo-01051-00249152-00249375 20 different learning algorithms and on
+t43HG2gBjDo-01052-00249376-00249527 a couple of data sets
+t43HG2gBjDo-01053-00249528-00249767 some of these i mean because some of
+t43HG2gBjDo-01054-00249767-00250006 these implementations might be faulty
+t43HG2gBjDo-01055-00250007-00250142 and you just where you just might run
+t43HG2gBjDo-01056-00250144-00250367 into edge cases what very often happens
+t43HG2gBjDo-01057-00250367-00250398 is
+t43HG2gBjDo-01058-00250400-00250710 um one of the two cases either you get
+t43HG2gBjDo-01059-00250711-00250910 um like a segfault sometimes if you're
+t43HG2gBjDo-01060-00250911-00251023 very unlucky
+t43HG2gBjDo-01061-00251023-00251391 or even worse the whole r process uh
+t43HG2gBjDo-01062-00251392-00251519 runs an infinite
+t43HG2gBjDo-01063-00251519-00251719 amount of time yes or it just runs for
+t43HG2gBjDo-01064-00251719-00251887 hours and hours an hour and never stops
+t43HG2gBjDo-01065-00251888-00252023 if you're unlucky and you run
+t43HG2gBjDo-01066-00252023-00252230 into one of these numerical edge cases
+t43HG2gBjDo-01067-00252231-00252382 that happens even
+t43HG2gBjDo-01068-00252383-00252582 more often if you later do like tuning
+t43HG2gBjDo-01069-00252583-00252758 and automl and so on
+t43HG2gBjDo-01070-00252759-00253006 so what encapsulation means is that we
+t43HG2gBjDo-01071-00253007-00253071 run
+t43HG2gBjDo-01072-00253071-00253319 this computation of the benchmark
+t43HG2gBjDo-01073-00253319-00253415 resampling
+t43HG2gBjDo-01074-00253416-00253710 experiment in a fresh r session okay
+t43HG2gBjDo-01075-00253711-00253798 which means
+t43HG2gBjDo-01076-00253800-00254142 if that goes down um it only tears down
+t43HG2gBjDo-01077-00254144-00254191 this
+t43HG2gBjDo-01078-00254192-00254351 new session it doesn't tear down the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01079-00254352-00254510 master session because in the master
+t43HG2gBjDo-01080-00254511-00254630 session all of the other
+t43HG2gBjDo-01081-00254631-00254839 experiments are also being run right and
+t43HG2gBjDo-01082-00254840-00255023 if one of the experiment goes down you
+t43HG2gBjDo-01083-00255023-00255167 don't want that to kind of
+t43HG2gBjDo-01084-00255167-00255423 uh yeah destroy all of the other results
+t43HG2gBjDo-01085-00255423-00255551 that you are computing right i mean
+t43HG2gBjDo-01086-00255552-00255663 there's nothing worse
+t43HG2gBjDo-01087-00255664-00255815 than setting up an experiment in the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01088-00255816-00256071 evening starting it for 20 hours then
+t43HG2gBjDo-01089-00256071-00256255 you come back to your machine or to your
+t43HG2gBjDo-01090-00256256-00256310 cluster
+t43HG2gBjDo-01091-00256311-00256534 and then everything is gone right or
+t43HG2gBjDo-01092-00256535-00256694 where it has just stopped
+t43HG2gBjDo-01093-00256696-00256998 after 30 minutes because one process was
+t43HG2gBjDo-01094-00257000-00257230 faulty so encapsulation
+t43HG2gBjDo-01095-00257231-00257439 is exactly this spawning a fresh new r
+t43HG2gBjDo-01096-00257440-00257606 session and we do this by using this
+t43HG2gBjDo-01097-00257607-00257719 call our package
+t43HG2gBjDo-01098-00257719-00258006 have a look into this if you want to
+t43HG2gBjDo-01099-00258007-00258142 learn more details about this this is
+t43HG2gBjDo-01100-00258144-00258206 not from us
+t43HG2gBjDo-01101-00258207-00258415 we are basically just reusing this as we
+t43HG2gBjDo-01102-00258416-00258591 reuse future
+t43HG2gBjDo-01103-00258592-00258791 and it's nicely combinable with the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01104-00258792-00259015 future package
+t43HG2gBjDo-01105-00259016-00259334 uh what else um uh
+t43HG2gBjDo-01106-00259335-00259575 conceptual questions does mlr3 have an
+t43HG2gBjDo-01107-00259576-00259719 ordinal svm
+t43HG2gBjDo-01108-00259719-00260046 uh answer is uh currently no but we are
+t43HG2gBjDo-01109-00260048-00260134 working on an
+t43HG2gBjDo-01110-00260135-00260367 ordinal package which would include this
+t43HG2gBjDo-01111-00260367-00260567 so uh check back maybe in
+t43HG2gBjDo-01112-00260567-00260806 three to six months and then maybe yes
+t43HG2gBjDo-01113-00260807-00260934 um so there is
+t43HG2gBjDo-01114-00260935-00261239 um intermediate code so to speak
+t43HG2gBjDo-01115-00261240-00261494 um to work with ordinal cask at the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01116-00261496-00261639 moment it's kind of not officially
+t43HG2gBjDo-01117-00261640-00261775 supported because we're not done with
+t43HG2gBjDo-01118-00261776-00261934 this yet
+t43HG2gBjDo-01119-00261935-00262271 um uh
+t43HG2gBjDo-01120-00262272-00262423 i couldn't follow could you please
+t43HG2gBjDo-01121-00262424-00262630 clarify the commands learner predict
+t43HG2gBjDo-01122-00262631-00262879 task and learn to predict new data task
+t43HG2gBjDo-01123-00262880-00263158 ah okay so um is the letter for
+t43HG2gBjDo-01124-00263159-00263327 validation with the new data set
+t43HG2gBjDo-01125-00263328-00263623 so um they well these that's a good
+t43HG2gBjDo-01126-00263624-00263695 question
+t43HG2gBjDo-01127-00263696-00263871 it's actually very simple so this
+t43HG2gBjDo-01128-00263872-00264023 predict fi or these two predict
+t43HG2gBjDo-01129-00264024-00264134 functions they're both
+t43HG2gBjDo-01130-00264135-00264423 there to predict on new data right so
+t43HG2gBjDo-01131-00264424-00264487 the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01132-00264488-00264799 predict task function predicts on data
+t43HG2gBjDo-01133-00264800-00265006 which is already included in the task
+t43HG2gBjDo-01134-00265007-00265151 right but very often
+t43HG2gBjDo-01135-00265152-00265399 in i think that's what very often
+t43HG2gBjDo-01136-00265400-00265567 happens if you do model selection or if
+t43HG2gBjDo-01137-00265568-00265703 you do i don't know a scientific
+t43HG2gBjDo-01138-00265704-00265887 experiment you have all of the data
+t43HG2gBjDo-01139-00265888-00266206 uh in your hands already but
+t43HG2gBjDo-01140-00266207-00266487 later on in an applied work you create
+t43HG2gBjDo-01141-00266488-00266663 your model at one point in time and then
+t43HG2gBjDo-01142-00266664-00266727 i don't know
+t43HG2gBjDo-01143-00266728-00266951 three months later new data comes along
+t43HG2gBjDo-01144-00266952-00267143 and then usually the data comes along
+t43HG2gBjDo-01145-00267144-00267327 in tabular format in an r you have it in
+t43HG2gBjDo-01146-00267328-00267543 a data frame right or in a data table
+t43HG2gBjDo-01147-00267544-00267734 and in order to be able to also predict
+t43HG2gBjDo-01148-00267735-00267887 on that we have this predict
+t43HG2gBjDo-01149-00267888-00268023 new data function right it's just
+t43HG2gBjDo-01150-00268024-00268303 basically what format the data is in and
+t43HG2gBjDo-01151-00268304-00268423 we don't want
+t43HG2gBjDo-01152-00268424-00268679 we don't want to force you to kind of
+t43HG2gBjDo-01153-00268680-00268734 merge
+t43HG2gBjDo-01154-00268735-00269039 your new data into the task right
+t43HG2gBjDo-01155-00269040-00269287 that's it i hope that answers all three
+t43HG2gBjDo-01156-00269288-00269830 questions
+t43HG2gBjDo-01157-00269831-00270327 okay to the use case
+t43HG2gBjDo-01158-00270328-00270671 we have the mlr3g gallery um which is
+t43HG2gBjDo-01159-00270672-00271006 which you can also find linked on the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01160-00271007-00271223 project homepage or the github page um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01161-00271224-00271447 for this tutorial here
+t43HG2gBjDo-01162-00271448-00271758 where we just collect use cases and
+t43HG2gBjDo-01163-00271759-00272143 yeah basically collect you use cases and
+t43HG2gBjDo-01164-00272144-00272182 we have
+t43HG2gBjDo-01165-00272183-00272367 three use cases on the german credit
+t43HG2gBjDo-01166-00272368-00272551 data set um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01167-00272552-00272871 we have one basic use case and
+t43HG2gBjDo-01168-00272872-00273110 one for tuning and one for pipelines and
+t43HG2gBjDo-01169-00273111-00273239 um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01170-00273240-00273487 so if you this is this one here
+t43HG2gBjDo-01171-00273488-00273727 basically sums up everything
+t43HG2gBjDo-01172-00273728-00273975 most of the things you can do with ml3
+t43HG2gBjDo-01173-00273976-00274158 um this is really really lengthy and
+t43HG2gBjDo-01174-00274159-00274471 there are many explanations in there um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01175-00274472-00274615 unfortunately i don't have the time to
+t43HG2gBjDo-01176-00274616-00274799 read it out to you and i i don't think
+t43HG2gBjDo-01177-00274800-00274927 this would help so i will
+t43HG2gBjDo-01178-00274928-00275239 do yeah i will just try to
+t43HG2gBjDo-01179-00275240-00275551 um do this here um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01180-00275552-00275775 interactively so that you get an
+t43HG2gBjDo-01181-00275776-00275910 impression how
+t43HG2gBjDo-01182-00275911-00276151 we are how it's supposed to how you are
+t43HG2gBjDo-01183-00276152-00276310 supposed to work with amra 3
+t43HG2gBjDo-01184-00276311-00276791 right i will just do this this way here
+t43HG2gBjDo-01185-00276792-00276958 so first you need to to load some
+t43HG2gBjDo-01186-00276959-00277103 packages here i load the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01187-00277104-00277479 ml3 package and um the next thing would
+t43HG2gBjDo-01188-00277480-00277567 be to
+t43HG2gBjDo-01189-00277568-00277847 get load your data right um the german
+t43HG2gBjDo-01190-00277848-00277951 credit data set
+t43HG2gBjDo-01191-00277952-00278230 um is a binary classification task where
+t43HG2gBjDo-01192-00278231-00278287 you have to
+t43HG2gBjDo-01193-00278288-00278495 predict if it's someone should get a
+t43HG2gBjDo-01194-00278496-00278727 credit or not so it's a good or bad
+t43HG2gBjDo-01195-00278728-00278887 person to give to credit and we have
+t43HG2gBjDo-01196-00278888-00279047 some 20
+t43HG2gBjDo-01197-00279048-00279303 something personal demographic financial
+t43HG2gBjDo-01198-00279304-00279415 features here
+t43HG2gBjDo-01199-00279416-00279639 um i don't want to do to go to detail
+t43HG2gBjDo-01200-00279640-00279727 here this is not
+t43HG2gBjDo-01201-00279728-00279951 about the data set um but you can all
+t43HG2gBjDo-01202-00279952-00280082 look it up here
+t43HG2gBjDo-01203-00280083-00280487 um right so stuff like um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01204-00280488-00280855 previous the credit history the job
+t43HG2gBjDo-01205-00280856-00281247 stuff like this right um you can
+t43HG2gBjDo-01206-00281248-00281382 the data is from the art challenge
+t43HG2gBjDo-01207-00281383-00281695 package um but
+t43HG2gBjDo-01208-00281696-00281919 this is also an example task so we could
+t43HG2gBjDo-01209-00281920-00282055 also get it
+t43HG2gBjDo-01210-00282056-00282375 by just recording the short name
+t43HG2gBjDo-01211-00282376-00282727 here the short function here um credit
+t43HG2gBjDo-01212-00282728-00283039 right and we would get the task also
+t43HG2gBjDo-01213-00283040-00283310 um the manual construction is covered
+t43HG2gBjDo-01214-00283311-00283367 here
+t43HG2gBjDo-01215-00283368-00283743 right so um we have 1000 observations of
+t43HG2gBjDo-01216-00283744-00283847 21 features
+t43HG2gBjDo-01217-00283848-00284095 or 20 20 features in one target column
+t43HG2gBjDo-01218-00284096-00284151 um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01219-00284152-00284391 the 14 factor variables in here three
+t43HG2gBjDo-01220-00284392-00284551 integers three ordinal
+t43HG2gBjDo-01221-00284552-00284815 factors right and what we are doing here
+t43HG2gBjDo-01222-00284816-00284854 in the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01223-00284855-00285158 nth gallery is now an exploratory data
+t43HG2gBjDo-01224-00285159-00285223 analysis
+t43HG2gBjDo-01225-00285224-00285543 um basically um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01226-00285544-00286254 we are using the skim package
+t43HG2gBjDo-01227-00286255-00286927 on the data okay it's not installed here
+t43HG2gBjDo-01228-00286928-00287175 yeah so this just gives you a summary
+t43HG2gBjDo-01229-00287176-00287319 over the factor variables here the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01230-00287320-00287454 numerics and so on
+t43HG2gBjDo-01231-00287455-00287751 um and then the next step here would be
+t43HG2gBjDo-01232-00287752-00288023 to use data explorer to get some plots
+t43HG2gBjDo-01233-00288024-00288319 um again not really the aim of the um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01234-00288320-00288543 this tutorial here to
+t43HG2gBjDo-01235-00288544-00288847 do this analysis you might
+t43HG2gBjDo-01236-00288848-00289095 draw some conclusions um for example
+t43HG2gBjDo-01237-00289096-00289247 that you have skewed distributions that
+t43HG2gBjDo-01238-00289248-00289399 you have missing values and stuff that
+t43HG2gBjDo-01239-00289400-00289439 you have
+t43HG2gBjDo-01240-00289440-00289734 empty or aware factor variables so this
+t43HG2gBjDo-01241-00289735-00289839 is something you might
+t43HG2gBjDo-01242-00289840-00290158 have to react to or account for during
+t43HG2gBjDo-01243-00290159-00290327 modeling
+t43HG2gBjDo-01244-00290328-00290663 but we will just um yeah go to the next
+t43HG2gBjDo-01245-00290664-00290734 step and start
+t43HG2gBjDo-01246-00290735-00291134 with the modeling um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01247-00291135-00291503 we already have the task right um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01248-00291504-00291767 i cheated a little bit and just
+t43HG2gBjDo-01249-00291768-00292063 constructed it using the tsk function
+t43HG2gBjDo-01250-00292064-00292271 the next would be to create a learner
+t43HG2gBjDo-01251-00292272-00292663 right to learn something
+t43HG2gBjDo-01252-00292664-00292871 so these are the available learners not
+t43HG2gBjDo-01253-00292872-00293151 sending not that many but if i lose the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01254-00293152-00293623 learners package beforehand
+t43HG2gBjDo-01255-00293624-00293847 here you will see um all these learners
+t43HG2gBjDo-01256-00293848-00294006 are now available for me
+t43HG2gBjDo-01257-00294007-00294687 to use and i can also
+t43HG2gBjDo-01258-00294688-00295015 convert this to a data table ah
+t43HG2gBjDo-01259-00295016-00295230 okay um doesn't work that well for the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01260-00295231-00295367 screen resolution
+t43HG2gBjDo-01261-00295368-00295623 um yeah but you get an impression how
+t43HG2gBjDo-01262-00295624-00295679 this is
+t43HG2gBjDo-01263-00295680-00296015 meant to be used um so
+t43HG2gBjDo-01264-00296016-00296447 here's the example we are using
+t43HG2gBjDo-01265-00296448-00296775 logistic regression right so i'm doing
+t43HG2gBjDo-01266-00296776-00297087 the same
+t43HG2gBjDo-01267-00297088-00297406 this is called learner.
+t43HG2gBjDo-01268-00297407-00298063 right
+t43HG2gBjDo-01269-00298064-00298230 and now we want to train linguistic
+t43HG2gBjDo-01270-00298231-00298454 regression on the task
+t43HG2gBjDo-01271-00298455-00298767 so we could just
+t43HG2gBjDo-01272-00298768-00298982 call the train method and provides a
+t43HG2gBjDo-01273-00298983-00299119 task
+t43HG2gBjDo-01274-00299120-00299327 and we get nothing back because the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01275-00299328-00299487 learner internally updated
+t43HG2gBjDo-01276-00299488-00299879 its model slot so we could just ask hey
+t43HG2gBjDo-01277-00299880-00300167 what is your stored model and um yeah
+t43HG2gBjDo-01278-00300168-00300303 this is the output of the logistic
+t43HG2gBjDo-01279-00300304-00300575 regression
+t43HG2gBjDo-01280-00300576-00300839 um we usually don't want to do this on
+t43HG2gBjDo-01281-00300840-00300903 the complete
+t43HG2gBjDo-01282-00300904-00301158 data we have at hand but only we want to
+t43HG2gBjDo-01283-00301159-00301351 divide into training a test set
+t43HG2gBjDo-01284-00301352-00301527 so this is what we are doing here we
+t43HG2gBjDo-01285-00301528-00301782 sample some of the row ids
+t43HG2gBjDo-01286-00301783-00302071 and we sample some of the um yeah some
+t43HG2gBjDo-01287-00302072-00302199 ids for the test sets
+t43HG2gBjDo-01288-00302200-00302575 just done here by using 80 percent
+t43HG2gBjDo-01289-00302576-00302799 see row ids such as the integer numbers
+t43HG2gBjDo-01290-00302800-00303054 here sample eighty percent of them
+t43HG2gBjDo-01291-00303055-00303287 and here we just say the test settings
+t43HG2gBjDo-01292-00303288-00303375 yeah all the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01293-00303376-00303575 raw ids which have not been used during
+t43HG2gBjDo-01294-00303576-00303791 training to use training step
+t43HG2gBjDo-01295-00303792-00304063 so we're just doing the setup set the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01296-00304064-00304271 function here
+t43HG2gBjDo-01297-00304272-00304519 right and now we can train the learner
+t43HG2gBjDo-01298-00304520-00304710 again
+t43HG2gBjDo-01299-00304711-00305054 and say hey only train
+t43HG2gBjDo-01300-00305055-00305430 on these ids
+t43HG2gBjDo-01301-00305431-00305767 and now we should have a different model
+t43HG2gBjDo-01302-00305768-00305943 can't see this here that this is just
+t43HG2gBjDo-01303-00305944-00306127 trained on the training data
+t43HG2gBjDo-01304-00306128-00306391 and we can now predict on the test set
+t43HG2gBjDo-01305-00306392-00306682 by just saying hey
+t43HG2gBjDo-01306-00306683-00307006 learn
+t43HG2gBjDo-01307-00307007-00307263 now we provide a task and we say on
+t43HG2gBjDo-01308-00307264-00307367 which
+t43HG2gBjDo-01309-00307368-00307495 what were these of the tasks we want to
+t43HG2gBjDo-01310-00307496-00307727 predict and this is
+t43HG2gBjDo-01311-00307728-00308063 the test set
+t43HG2gBjDo-01312-00308064-00308751 and we get back in prediction right so
+t43HG2gBjDo-01313-00308752-00309071 um this all also covered here and just
+t43HG2gBjDo-01314-00309072-00309687 some more commands um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01315-00309688-00309887 um so we have now prediction for this
+t43HG2gBjDo-01316-00309888-00310079 logistic regression and
+t43HG2gBjDo-01317-00310080-00310471 maybe yeah maybe let's just cross them
+t43HG2gBjDo-01318-00310472-00310551 here for now
+t43HG2gBjDo-01319-00310552-00310679 to get an impression which is possible
+t43HG2gBjDo-01320-00310680-00310847 on the data set because the um the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01321-00310848-00311095 activegate function
+t43HG2gBjDo-01322-00311096-00311343 of the prediction object and now if we
+t43HG2gBjDo-01323-00311344-00311479 don't provide a measure of the default
+t43HG2gBjDo-01324-00311480-00312334 measure
+t43HG2gBjDo-01325-00312335-00312599 the sorry function here and if we don't
+t43HG2gBjDo-01326-00312600-00312734 provide a measure as a default measure
+t43HG2gBjDo-01327-00312735-00312887 for classification will be used which is
+t43HG2gBjDo-01328-00312888-00313063 the classification error here
+t43HG2gBjDo-01329-00313064-00313351 um yeah if we don't want to have the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01330-00313352-00313558 classification error but something more
+t43HG2gBjDo-01331-00313559-00314023 fancy let's say um area under the curve
+t43HG2gBjDo-01332-00314024-00314254 we have to do something special before
+t43HG2gBjDo-01333-00314255-00314351 we have to say
+t43HG2gBjDo-01334-00314352-00314630 um the lana that we want to have
+t43HG2gBjDo-01335-00314631-00314839 probabilities
+t43HG2gBjDo-01336-00314840-00315863 as prediction so this is what i can
+t43HG2gBjDo-01337-00315864-00316175 uh i train it again um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01338-00316176-00316487 okay this would not necessarily but now
+t43HG2gBjDo-01339-00316488-00316599 the prediction object
+t43HG2gBjDo-01340-00316600-00316910 um also includes probabilities and now i
+t43HG2gBjDo-01341-00316911-00317110 can say here
+t43HG2gBjDo-01342-00317111-00317599 um score using the auc measure
+t43HG2gBjDo-01343-00317600-00317895 and yeah so now i have to area under the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01344-00317896-00318110 curve here
+t43HG2gBjDo-01345-00318111-00318303 um usually usually it's a good idea to
+t43HG2gBjDo-01346-00318304-00318479 compare against something
+t43HG2gBjDo-01347-00318480-00318695 different right for example a non-linear
+t43HG2gBjDo-01348-00318696-00318847 model because we already have
+t43HG2gBjDo-01349-00318848-00319095 linear model here now for example
+t43HG2gBjDo-01350-00319096-00319327 against a random forest
+t43HG2gBjDo-01351-00319328-00319687 um so first i will construct the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01352-00319688-00320063 the random forest again i'm using the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01353-00320064-00320399 short function here and
+t43HG2gBjDo-01354-00320400-00320743 the one is called and i like the ranger
+t43HG2gBjDo-01355-00320744-00320830 package
+t43HG2gBjDo-01356-00320831-00321143 and i will also say him
+t43HG2gBjDo-01357-00321144-00321567 um abilities
+t43HG2gBjDo-01358-00321568-00321958 so then i can train it again
+t43HG2gBjDo-01359-00321959-00322399 copy some lights on here
+t43HG2gBjDo-01360-00322400-00322623 learner random progress done a train on
+t43HG2gBjDo-01361-00322624-00322703 the task
+t43HG2gBjDo-01362-00322704-00322879 and on the same training set i used
+t43HG2gBjDo-01363-00322880-00323103 before and the prediction
+t43HG2gBjDo-01364-00323104-00323415 also on the running force learner
+t43HG2gBjDo-01365-00323416-00323630 um the task and the same tested as
+t43HG2gBjDo-01366-00323631-00323743 before
+t43HG2gBjDo-01367-00323744-00324119 oh and
+t43HG2gBjDo-01368-00324120-00324439 now i can also calculate iuc
+t43HG2gBjDo-01369-00324440-00324806 and it's 0.8 and it was before
+t43HG2gBjDo-01370-00324807-00325127 0.7 so so
+t43HG2gBjDo-01371-00325128-00325439 a little bit better
+t43HG2gBjDo-01372-00325440-00325654 so what i've now done is something like
+t43HG2gBjDo-01373-00325655-00325847 manual benchmarking right
+t43HG2gBjDo-01374-00325848-00326071 on a single split in the training test
+t43HG2gBjDo-01375-00326072-00326206 um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01376-00326207-00326454 and well the next step would be to do a
+t43HG2gBjDo-01377-00326455-00326575 proper benchmarking
+t43HG2gBjDo-01378-00326576-00326815 um on this data set and yeah this is
+t43HG2gBjDo-01379-00326816-00326967 what we want to do now
+t43HG2gBjDo-01380-00326968-00327367 um so i need to create a benchmark
+t43HG2gBjDo-01381-00327368-00327423 design
+t43HG2gBjDo-01382-00327424-00327678 this is a benchmark grid function and as
+t43HG2gBjDo-01383-00327679-00327830 you can see here um you need
+t43HG2gBjDo-01384-00327831-00327982 a list of tasks you need a list of
+t43HG2gBjDo-01385-00327983-00328191 learners in the list of resamplings
+t43HG2gBjDo-01386-00328192-00328423 well i have a single task so i will give
+t43HG2gBjDo-01387-00328424-00328543 providers here
+t43HG2gBjDo-01388-00328544-00328895 a list of learners could be a
+t43HG2gBjDo-01389-00328896-00329223 list logistic regression
+t43HG2gBjDo-01390-00329224-00329519 and a random forest and a list of
+t43HG2gBjDo-01391-00329520-00329951 resamplings were well
+t43HG2gBjDo-01392-00329952-00330263 i don't know um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01393-00330264-00330799 let's do yeah why not cross validation
+t43HG2gBjDo-01394-00330800-00331127 with three folds right
+t43HG2gBjDo-01395-00331128-00331806 i will also provide this here
+t43HG2gBjDo-01396-00331807-00332151 uh this is going to
+t43HG2gBjDo-01397-00332152-00332463 the name design so we can have a look
+t43HG2gBjDo-01398-00332464-00332927 this is just data table and we can then
+t43HG2gBjDo-01399-00332928-00333158 call the benchmark function providing
+t43HG2gBjDo-01400-00333159-00334047 the design
+t43HG2gBjDo-01401-00334048-00334351 sure i mean this might be confusing
+t43HG2gBjDo-01402-00334352-00334439 maybe to people
+t43HG2gBjDo-01403-00334440-00334599 um i think you explained this before but
+t43HG2gBjDo-01404-00334600-00334767 i just want to emphasize this a little
+t43HG2gBjDo-01405-00334768-00334927 bit more so also because we did this
+t43HG2gBjDo-01406-00334928-00335078 different in mlr 2
+t43HG2gBjDo-01407-00335079-00335319 i mean i guess my some of you might
+t43HG2gBjDo-01408-00335320-00335495 wonder why there's actually two function
+t43HG2gBjDo-01409-00335496-00335606 calls right where is there this
+t43HG2gBjDo-01410-00335607-00335719 benchmark grid
+t43HG2gBjDo-01411-00335720-00335910 and then this benchmark call so the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01412-00335911-00336103 reason for this is because the first
+t43HG2gBjDo-01413-00336104-00336334 or the input to benchmark is this data
+t43HG2gBjDo-01414-00336335-00336551 table which describes what should be
+t43HG2gBjDo-01415-00336552-00336678 computed right
+t43HG2gBjDo-01416-00336679-00336887 and very often you want to have like
+t43HG2gBjDo-01417-00336888-00337134 every algorithm on every data set
+t43HG2gBjDo-01418-00337135-00337399 um yeah basically with every resampling
+t43HG2gBjDo-01419-00337400-00337582 type very often there's just one i don't
+t43HG2gBjDo-01420-00337583-00337727 know 10 for cross meditation yeah but
+t43HG2gBjDo-01421-00337728-00337934 every learner on every data set
+t43HG2gBjDo-01422-00337935-00338287 um but what this api design allows you
+t43HG2gBjDo-01423-00338288-00338471 is to also deviate from this yeah you
+t43HG2gBjDo-01424-00338472-00338647 can very specifically design
+t43HG2gBjDo-01425-00338648-00338854 what you want to compute on what and
+t43HG2gBjDo-01426-00338855-00338999 control this yeah by setting
+t43HG2gBjDo-01427-00339000-00339206 up this data table of experiments
+t43HG2gBjDo-01428-00339207-00339430 yourself and we also later on
+t43HG2gBjDo-01429-00339431-00339751 uh exploit this a lot in tuning um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01430-00339752-00340110 yeah in our auto ml packages um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01431-00340111-00340358 that really helps you or allows you to
+t43HG2gBjDo-01432-00340359-00340519 completely control
+t43HG2gBjDo-01433-00340520-00340671 what you want to benchmark and what what
+t43HG2gBjDo-01434-00340672-00340799 you want to compute now that's the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01435-00340800-00340910 reason
+t43HG2gBjDo-01436-00340911-00341182 and then i guess many people will very
+t43HG2gBjDo-01437-00341183-00341367 conveniently just call this benchmark
+t43HG2gBjDo-01438-00341368-00341599 crit function first which completes the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01439-00341600-00341751 which computes the complete cross
+t43HG2gBjDo-01440-00341752-00341799 product
+t43HG2gBjDo-01441-00341800-00342134 now everything now just to expand it
+t43HG2gBjDo-01442-00342135-00342463 sorry so
+t43HG2gBjDo-01443-00342464-00342806 you can also do this yourself right just
+t43HG2gBjDo-01444-00342807-00342999 jfen you find a data table here
+t43HG2gBjDo-01445-00343000-00343343 um and you can
+t43HG2gBjDo-01446-00343344-00343551 just swap out some objects but this
+t43HG2gBjDo-01447-00343552-00343758 would be the same design
+t43HG2gBjDo-01448-00343759-00343927 yeah benchmark grid is basically an
+t43HG2gBjDo-01449-00343928-00344110 abbreviation of what major just showed
+t43HG2gBjDo-01450-00344111-00344430 there yeah
+t43HG2gBjDo-01451-00344431-00344695 so this just means the first row is a
+t43HG2gBjDo-01452-00344696-00344806 resampling
+t43HG2gBjDo-01453-00344807-00344975 where you apply the first task you
+t43HG2gBjDo-01454-00344976-00345143 provided on the um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01455-00345144-00345271 the first learner you provide on the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01456-00345272-00345447 first task you have listed here
+t43HG2gBjDo-01457-00345448-00345630 using the first three sampling and the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01458-00345631-00345806 second is also resampling
+t43HG2gBjDo-01459-00345807-00346167 here by define right okay
+t43HG2gBjDo-01460-00346168-00346495 um so you can
+t43HG2gBjDo-01461-00346496-00346823 um yeah so benchmark already um executed
+t43HG2gBjDo-01462-00346824-00346927 but you could also
+t43HG2gBjDo-01463-00346928-00347282 um future
+t43HG2gBjDo-01464-00347283-00347591 plan say we want to do this on
+t43HG2gBjDo-01465-00347592-00347823 multiple cores this is all you have to
+t43HG2gBjDo-01466-00347824-00347895 do
+t43HG2gBjDo-01467-00347896-00348358 call benchmark again okay
+t43HG2gBjDo-01468-00348359-00349078 i think columns were not named correctly
+t43HG2gBjDo-01469-00349079-00349254 in my manual design
+t43HG2gBjDo-01470-00349255-00349406 [Music]
+t43HG2gBjDo-01471-00349407-00349719 okay so if you're running distributed
+t43HG2gBjDo-01472-00349720-00349815 you don't get
+t43HG2gBjDo-01473-00349816-00350327 the nice lock output but everything else
+t43HG2gBjDo-01474-00350328-00350767 should run exactly and the same way
+t43HG2gBjDo-01475-00350768-00351047 um to be fair my computer is already
+t43HG2gBjDo-01476-00351048-00351167 pretty
+t43HG2gBjDo-01477-00351168-00351478 um yeah i'm not pretty heavy load
+t43HG2gBjDo-01478-00351479-00351558 because of
+t43HG2gBjDo-01479-00351559-00351775 zoom and screen sharing so i will just
+t43HG2gBjDo-01480-00351776-00351943 cancel it here
+t43HG2gBjDo-01481-00351944-00352303 um so
+t43HG2gBjDo-01482-00352304-00352487 i hope to lift the object from before
+t43HG2gBjDo-01483-00352488-00352703 yeah so this is the benchmark result
+t43HG2gBjDo-01484-00352704-00353023 um and we can calculate the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01485-00353024-00353303 aggregate performance right aggregate
+t43HG2gBjDo-01486-00353304-00353423 and say hey
+t43HG2gBjDo-01487-00353424-00353823 um let's do are we under the curve again
+t43HG2gBjDo-01488-00353824-00354103 and yeah this is the output right so um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01489-00354104-00354263 the task german credit
+t43HG2gBjDo-01490-00354264-00354615 for both experiments when
+t43HG2gBjDo-01491-00354616-00354782 the learner id logistic regression
+t43HG2gBjDo-01492-00354783-00354934 ranger um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01493-00354935-00355230 and here the resulting scores and as you
+t43HG2gBjDo-01494-00355231-00355358 can see the ranger
+t43HG2gBjDo-01495-00355359-00355558 when forwards ranger here is a little
+t43HG2gBjDo-01496-00355559-00355967 bit better than logistic regression
+t43HG2gBjDo-01497-00355968-00356287 um you could also again
+t43HG2gBjDo-01498-00356288-00356663 create a plot of this using the mlr
+t43HG2gBjDo-01499-00356664-00357087 this package and just call auto plot
+t43HG2gBjDo-01500-00357088-00357399 the benchmark result right
+t43HG2gBjDo-01501-00357400-00357710 can't forget the cut which also
+t43HG2gBjDo-01502-00357711-00358054 right can now compare you the medians so
+t43HG2gBjDo-01503-00358055-00358495 um yeah
+t43HG2gBjDo-01504-00358496-00358758 okay there's much more in here but um i
+t43HG2gBjDo-01505-00358759-00358927 won't cover this because we have two
+t43HG2gBjDo-01506-00358928-00359110 other packages still to come
+t43HG2gBjDo-01507-00359111-00359454 um and if there are not that many
+t43HG2gBjDo-01508-00359455-00359903 new questions on slido
+t43HG2gBjDo-01509-00359904-00360247 uh i did answer one or two extra ones
+t43HG2gBjDo-01510-00360248-00360439 i think there's there are no new ones
+t43HG2gBjDo-01511-00360440-00360647 and i think there's nothing in the chat
+t43HG2gBjDo-01512-00360648-00360775 of zooming
+t43HG2gBjDo-01513-00360776-00361039 also remember that you can vote up
+t43HG2gBjDo-01514-00361040-00361151 questions
+t43HG2gBjDo-01515-00361152-00361454 right um at the moment it wasn't really
+t43HG2gBjDo-01516-00361455-00361527 necessary
+t43HG2gBjDo-01517-00361528-00361878 so i just answered everything okay
+t43HG2gBjDo-01518-00361879-00362254 in random order okay
+t43HG2gBjDo-01519-00362255-00362575 um yeah i guess then ben can take over
+t43HG2gBjDo-01520-00362576-00362743 with some slides on tuning and then we
+t43HG2gBjDo-01521-00362744-00363039 will have a 15-minute break
+t43HG2gBjDo-01522-00363040-00363382 right yes okay i guess yeah stop my
+t43HG2gBjDo-01523-00363383-00363454 screenshot
+t43HG2gBjDo-01524-00363455-00363719 yeah we started also a little bit later
+t43HG2gBjDo-01525-00363720-00363767 okay
+t43HG2gBjDo-01526-00363768-00364078 i'll try to kind of um be a bit quicker
+t43HG2gBjDo-01527-00364079-00364430 uh so i'll try to screen share now
+t43HG2gBjDo-01528-00364431-00365030 let me remove this
+t43HG2gBjDo-01529-00365031-00365278 you guys michelle you can see my screen
+t43HG2gBjDo-01530-00365279-00365551 right
+t43HG2gBjDo-01531-00365552-00365863 yes everyone okay good i'll start now um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01532-00365864-00365895 so
+t43HG2gBjDo-01533-00365896-00366119 this concludes the first part and i'll
+t43HG2gBjDo-01534-00366120-00366287 continue with the second part which is
+t43HG2gBjDo-01535-00366288-00366430 on hydro perimeter tuning with
+t43HG2gBjDo-01536-00366431-00366719 mlr 3 tuning so again there will be a
+t43HG2gBjDo-01537-00366720-00366871 first part
+t43HG2gBjDo-01538-00366872-00367071 covering i don't know the abstract
+t43HG2gBjDo-01539-00367072-00367319 concepts behind the package and some
+t43HG2gBjDo-01540-00367320-00367519 some code examples on the pdf slides and
+t43HG2gBjDo-01541-00367520-00367710 then we'll go through a second part of
+t43HG2gBjDo-01542-00367711-00367854 the german credit
+t43HG2gBjDo-01543-00367855-00368223 uh data tuning use case
+t43HG2gBjDo-01544-00368224-00368487 of the mlr3 gallery where i will
+t43HG2gBjDo-01545-00368488-00368567 basically
+t43HG2gBjDo-01546-00368568-00368782 redo the same thing on a more concrete
+t43HG2gBjDo-01547-00368783-00368903 data set now
+t43HG2gBjDo-01548-00368904-00369167 with um some more interesting outputs
+t43HG2gBjDo-01549-00369168-00369310 and results
+t43HG2gBjDo-01550-00369311-00369615 um what else should i say did we cover
+t43HG2gBjDo-01551-00369616-00369767 i'm not sure how much we also covered
+t43HG2gBjDo-01552-00369768-00370015 the cheat sheets so if you later on i
+t43HG2gBjDo-01553-00370016-00370119 mean if you feel a little bit
+t43HG2gBjDo-01554-00370120-00370319 overwhelmed by all of these new commands
+t43HG2gBjDo-01555-00370320-00370510 and so on really print out the cheat
+t43HG2gBjDo-01556-00370511-00370639 sheets for mlr3
+t43HG2gBjDo-01557-00370640-00370806 there's a good cheat sheet for mlr 3
+t43HG2gBjDo-01558-00370807-00370958 tuning and there's a
+t43HG2gBjDo-01559-00370959-00371110 pretty good cheat sheet already also for
+t43HG2gBjDo-01560-00371111-00371303 mlr3 pipelines really print this out
+t43HG2gBjDo-01561-00371304-00371447 later on if you kind of want to see
+t43HG2gBjDo-01562-00371448-00371654 everything at one glance on one or two
+t43HG2gBjDo-01563-00371655-00371863 pages
+t43HG2gBjDo-01564-00371864-00372167 um okay um also
+t43HG2gBjDo-01565-00372168-00372423 one final organizational comment so i
+t43HG2gBjDo-01566-00372424-00372606 had some problems with the layouting of
+t43HG2gBjDo-01567-00372607-00372719 the pdf
+t43HG2gBjDo-01568-00372720-00373030 which uh forced me to hotfix them
+t43HG2gBjDo-01569-00373031-00373302 um i think directly in the first couple
+t43HG2gBjDo-01570-00373303-00373375 of minutes
+t43HG2gBjDo-01571-00373376-00373567 when mitchell presented so i didn't
+t43HG2gBjDo-01572-00373568-00373782 change any content but the last
+t43HG2gBjDo-01573-00373783-00373982 two or three slides of this thing here
+t43HG2gBjDo-01574-00373983-00374119 now have a better layout
+t43HG2gBjDo-01575-00374120-00374375 so you might wanna um download them
+t43HG2gBjDo-01576-00374376-00374447 again but
+t43HG2gBjDo-01577-00374448-00374710 nothing else was changed okay and i i
+t43HG2gBjDo-01578-00374711-00374799 think i pushed them
+t43HG2gBjDo-01579-00374800-00375119 again into the our github repo
+t43HG2gBjDo-01580-00375120-00375295 i don't know 40 minutes ago or something
+t43HG2gBjDo-01581-00375296-00375439 like this
+t43HG2gBjDo-01582-00375440-00375854 okay so as most of you i guess will know
+t43HG2gBjDo-01583-00375855-00376158 many um of these um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01584-00376159-00376327 non-prometric non-linear machine
+t43HG2gBjDo-01585-00376328-00376519 learning algorithms that we like so much
+t43HG2gBjDo-01586-00376520-00376671 like support like the machines boosting
+t43HG2gBjDo-01587-00376672-00376887 your networks and so on they all
+t43HG2gBjDo-01588-00376888-00377095 um depend a lot their behavior that
+t43HG2gBjDo-01589-00377096-00377239 depends a lot on
+t43HG2gBjDo-01590-00377240-00377415 so-called hyper parameters so control
+t43HG2gBjDo-01591-00377416-00377615 parameters that are not learned
+t43HG2gBjDo-01592-00377616-00378006 during the training part
+t43HG2gBjDo-01593-00378007-00378263 of the algorithm of the learner but that
+t43HG2gBjDo-01594-00378264-00378454 which are basically an input yeah
+t43HG2gBjDo-01595-00378455-00378630 to the training procedure and we as
+t43HG2gBjDo-01596-00378631-00378806 users have to set them and very often we
+t43HG2gBjDo-01597-00378807-00378991 have no idea how to do that
+t43HG2gBjDo-01598-00378992-00379247 um and of course we want to select these
+t43HG2gBjDo-01599-00379248-00379319 parameters
+t43HG2gBjDo-01600-00379320-00379630 so our algorithms work well in terms of
+t43HG2gBjDo-01601-00379631-00379782 predictive performance
+t43HG2gBjDo-01602-00379783-00380006 um good hyper parameters are all very
+t43HG2gBjDo-01603-00380007-00380230 often data dependent so very often
+t43HG2gBjDo-01604-00380231-00380591 um good defaults are very hard to come
+t43HG2gBjDo-01605-00380592-00380710 by
+t43HG2gBjDo-01606-00380711-00381023 and this this is the reason why high
+t43HG2gBjDo-01607-00381024-00381158 perimeter tuning
+t43HG2gBjDo-01608-00381159-00381415 or how we often call this nowadays auto
+t43HG2gBjDo-01609-00381416-00381527 ml or we can also
+t43HG2gBjDo-01610-00381528-00381791 call that black box optimization and has
+t43HG2gBjDo-01611-00381792-00381839 become
+t43HG2gBjDo-01612-00381840-00382199 such an important hot topic in machinery
+t43HG2gBjDo-01613-00382200-00382391 and what we are basically doing there is
+t43HG2gBjDo-01614-00382392-00382551 we are just trying out different
+t43HG2gBjDo-01615-00382552-00382743 configurations different settings of the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01616-00382744-00382871 learning algorithm
+t43HG2gBjDo-01617-00382872-00383167 um and cross-validating the algorithm
+t43HG2gBjDo-01618-00383168-00383415 again and again at our data set at hand
+t43HG2gBjDo-01619-00383416-00383575 with respect to the performance metric
+t43HG2gBjDo-01620-00383576-00383775 that we're interested in and then
+t43HG2gBjDo-01621-00383776-00384102 trying to kind of uh sequentially
+t43HG2gBjDo-01622-00384103-00384269 improve upon
+t43HG2gBjDo-01623-00384270-00384406 [Music]
+t43HG2gBjDo-01624-00384407-00384623 our results and we can do this in a very
+t43HG2gBjDo-01625-00384624-00384743 unstructured
+t43HG2gBjDo-01626-00384744-00384895 manner through grid search or random
+t43HG2gBjDo-01627-00384896-00385063 search or we can kind of do this
+t43HG2gBjDo-01628-00385064-00385302 in a more intelligent manner by using
+t43HG2gBjDo-01629-00385303-00385551 true black box optimization techniques
+t43HG2gBjDo-01630-00385552-00385758 like evolutionary algorithms racing or
+t43HG2gBjDo-01631-00385759-00385934 bayesian optimization and so on
+t43HG2gBjDo-01632-00385935-00386127 and mlr3 tuning is there as an
+t43HG2gBjDo-01633-00386128-00386263 infrastructure package to kind of
+t43HG2gBjDo-01634-00386264-00386534 combine all of these methods and allow
+t43HG2gBjDo-01635-00386535-00386791 you to use them in any way you like and
+t43HG2gBjDo-01636-00386792-00387039 also to connect them to mlr3
+t43HG2gBjDo-01637-00387040-00387415 um so the package is simply called mlr3
+t43HG2gBjDo-01638-00387416-00387502 tuning
+t43HG2gBjDo-01639-00387503-00387743 we kind of restructured this a little
+t43HG2gBjDo-01640-00387744-00387815 bit
+t43HG2gBjDo-01641-00387816-00387982 some time ago and there's also now kind
+t43HG2gBjDo-01642-00387983-00388134 of an infrastructure package in the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01643-00388135-00388327 background which is called bb otk which
+t43HG2gBjDo-01644-00388328-00388510 is for black box optimization toolkit
+t43HG2gBjDo-01645-00388511-00388639 i'll not really
+t43HG2gBjDo-01646-00388640-00388878 explain what function is in what package
+t43HG2gBjDo-01647-00388879-00389015 it doesn't also really matter
+t43HG2gBjDo-01648-00389016-00389230 in terms of understanding just load the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01649-00389231-00389327 two um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01650-00389328-00389639 yeah i guess doesn't really matter where
+t43HG2gBjDo-01651-00389640-00389775 the functions
+t43HG2gBjDo-01652-00389776-00390006 live in especially for this tutorial
+t43HG2gBjDo-01653-00390007-00390078 here
+t43HG2gBjDo-01654-00390079-00390230 um so the reason why we did this is
+t43HG2gBjDo-01655-00390231-00390406 because we want to kind of reuse
+t43HG2gBjDo-01656-00390407-00390591 some of the instrument structure also in
+t43HG2gBjDo-01657-00390592-00390751 other parts so we kind of extracted this
+t43HG2gBjDo-01658-00390752-00390799 away a little
+t43HG2gBjDo-01659-00390800-00391151 bit um so how does tuning
+t43HG2gBjDo-01660-00391152-00391447 work like from a conceptual point of
+t43HG2gBjDo-01661-00391448-00391510 view
+t43HG2gBjDo-01662-00391511-00391815 so first of all um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01663-00391816-00392143 we have a parameter space and what our
+t43HG2gBjDo-01664-00392144-00392199 tuner
+t43HG2gBjDo-01665-00392200-00392487 basically does is in a continuous loop
+t43HG2gBjDo-01666-00392488-00392606 it suggests
+t43HG2gBjDo-01667-00392607-00392839 hyper parameter configurations so
+t43HG2gBjDo-01668-00392840-00392951 certain yeah
+t43HG2gBjDo-01669-00392952-00393127 settings in this case it might be two
+t43HG2gBjDo-01670-00393128-00393263 parameters yeah
+t43HG2gBjDo-01671-00393264-00393471 parameter one and parameter two yeah and
+t43HG2gBjDo-01672-00393472-00393775 it's um while this tuning loop goes on
+t43HG2gBjDo-01673-00393776-00393999 we suggest a certain configuration then
+t43HG2gBjDo-01674-00394000-00394206 we evaluate its performance
+t43HG2gBjDo-01675-00394207-00394510 by using this resampling procedure or
+t43HG2gBjDo-01676-00394511-00394647 this benchmarking procedure that
+t43HG2gBjDo-01677-00394648-00394782 mitchell
+t43HG2gBjDo-01678-00394783-00394943 already demonstrated to you and we kind
+t43HG2gBjDo-01679-00394944-00395110 of directly call into this and all of
+t43HG2gBjDo-01680-00395111-00395206 the results
+t43HG2gBjDo-01681-00395207-00395343 objects that we're going to create
+t43HG2gBjDo-01682-00395344-00395558 create in mlr3 tuning will look
+t43HG2gBjDo-01683-00395559-00395799 exactly the same maybe a little bit of
+t43HG2gBjDo-01684-00395800-00395934 extra information
+t43HG2gBjDo-01685-00395935-00396263 and as in michael's mlr3 demonstration
+t43HG2gBjDo-01686-00396264-00396406 so you don't really have to learn
+t43HG2gBjDo-01687-00396407-00396639 too many well at least not too many new
+t43HG2gBjDo-01688-00396640-00396815 container objects okay
+t43HG2gBjDo-01689-00396816-00396999 and how to access data which i think is
+t43HG2gBjDo-01690-00397000-00397230 quite good and that was also an alert
+t43HG2gBjDo-01691-00397231-00397391 verse in mlr too
+t43HG2gBjDo-01692-00397392-00397654 so we evaluate the performance and yeah
+t43HG2gBjDo-01693-00397655-00397847 which is now this blue x here
+t43HG2gBjDo-01694-00397848-00398039 and of course now we want to feed that
+t43HG2gBjDo-01695-00398040-00398175 back into our tuning algorithm the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01696-00398176-00398327 tuning algorithm hopefully kind of
+t43HG2gBjDo-01697-00398328-00398519 learns something from this evaluation
+t43HG2gBjDo-01698-00398520-00398919 and suggests a different configuration
+t43HG2gBjDo-01699-00398920-00399047 we try this out again
+t43HG2gBjDo-01700-00399048-00399302 through cross-validation again we get a
+t43HG2gBjDo-01701-00399303-00399527 performance value back
+t43HG2gBjDo-01702-00399528-00399791 and so on and so on and we could also
+t43HG2gBjDo-01703-00399792-00399927 even do this in batches
+t43HG2gBjDo-01704-00399928-00400119 so some of these tuning algorithms can
+t43HG2gBjDo-01705-00400120-00400295 or want to evaluate
+t43HG2gBjDo-01706-00400296-00400575 multiple points in parallel because that
+t43HG2gBjDo-01707-00400576-00400599 also
+t43HG2gBjDo-01708-00400600-00400887 obviously enables a nice parallelization
+t43HG2gBjDo-01709-00400888-00400934 due
+t43HG2gBjDo-01710-00400935-00401102 during the tuning think for example of
+t43HG2gBjDo-01711-00401103-00401278 an evolutionary algorithm so something
+t43HG2gBjDo-01712-00401279-00401463 that's like population based
+t43HG2gBjDo-01713-00401464-00401687 uh there you could kind of evaluate the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01714-00401688-00401871 whole population in peril
+t43HG2gBjDo-01715-00401872-00402263 um so what mlr3 tuning assumes is that
+t43HG2gBjDo-01716-00402264-00402478 we always evaluate in batches batches
+t43HG2gBjDo-01717-00402479-00402623 can be of size one
+t43HG2gBjDo-01718-00402624-00402823 and then all of the evaluated
+t43HG2gBjDo-01719-00402824-00403015 performance metrics are fed back
+t43HG2gBjDo-01720-00403016-00403167 into the tuning algorithm and the tuning
+t43HG2gBjDo-01721-00403168-00403375 algorithm iterates and
+t43HG2gBjDo-01722-00403376-00403623 of course at some point we have to stop
+t43HG2gBjDo-01723-00403624-00403775 um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01724-00403776-00404078 and so we need also a termination
+t43HG2gBjDo-01725-00404079-00404295 criterion and mlr3 tuning this is called
+t43HG2gBjDo-01726-00404296-00404375 a terminator
+t43HG2gBjDo-01727-00404376-00404534 also an object that describes when you
+t43HG2gBjDo-01728-00404535-00404695 want to end so
+t43HG2gBjDo-01729-00404696-00404902 in order for us to now evaluate
+t43HG2gBjDo-01730-00404903-00405023 performance we need
+t43HG2gBjDo-01731-00405024-00405302 all of these objects here which you all
+t43HG2gBjDo-01732-00405303-00405399 already know
+t43HG2gBjDo-01733-00405400-00405551 from michel's talk so of course there's
+t43HG2gBjDo-01734-00405552-00405710 a learning algorithm involved
+t43HG2gBjDo-01735-00405711-00405910 of course there's a task involved of
+t43HG2gBjDo-01736-00405911-00406110 course there's a re-sampling procedure
+t43HG2gBjDo-01737-00406111-00406310 involved think cross-validation and of
+t43HG2gBjDo-01738-00406311-00406367 course
+t43HG2gBjDo-01739-00406368-00406575 there's usually a single metric involved
+t43HG2gBjDo-01740-00406576-00406767 that you want to optimize
+t43HG2gBjDo-01741-00406768-00407119 um and
+t43HG2gBjDo-01742-00407120-00407263 obviously we need to extend this a
+t43HG2gBjDo-01743-00407264-00407478 little bit to define really this
+t43HG2gBjDo-01744-00407479-00407687 tuning scenario of course we also need
+t43HG2gBjDo-01745-00407688-00407847 to define our search space
+t43HG2gBjDo-01746-00407848-00408102 so what do we want to optimize over um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01747-00408103-00408199 yeah we call this
+t43HG2gBjDo-01748-00408200-00408367 the search space and i'll show how this
+t43HG2gBjDo-01749-00408368-00408519 is defined later on so this would be
+t43HG2gBjDo-01750-00408520-00408639 something new
+t43HG2gBjDo-01751-00408640-00408830 and of course we need an object that
+t43HG2gBjDo-01752-00408831-00409006 describes when we want to terminate well
+t43HG2gBjDo-01753-00409007-00409143 that's just called the terminator
+t43HG2gBjDo-01754-00409144-00409599 that's a pretty simple thing so um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01755-00409600-00409814 we now need to tie all of this together
+t43HG2gBjDo-01756-00409815-00409991 in mlr3 tuning
+t43HG2gBjDo-01757-00409992-00410191 and so we have to create something which
+t43HG2gBjDo-01758-00410192-00410343 is called the tuning instance that's
+t43HG2gBjDo-01759-00410343-00410399 kind of the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01760-00410400-00410670 major object object so the tuning
+t43HG2gBjDo-01761-00410671-00410855 instance is basically kind of a bundling
+t43HG2gBjDo-01762-00410856-00410926 object
+t43HG2gBjDo-01763-00410927-00411159 that takes the task pertains takes the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01764-00411160-00411255 learning algorithm
+t43HG2gBjDo-01765-00411256-00411422 takes the resampling procedure and
+t43HG2gBjDo-01766-00411423-00411630 measure the search space
+t43HG2gBjDo-01767-00411631-00411839 and the terminator object and bundles
+t43HG2gBjDo-01768-00411839-00411982 them together here in this tuning
+t43HG2gBjDo-01769-00411983-00412143 instance or you could call this
+t43HG2gBjDo-01770-00412143-00412343 uh the tuning scenario or you could also
+t43HG2gBjDo-01771-00412343-00412495 call this i don't know the black box
+t43HG2gBjDo-01772-00412496-00412574 function that
+t43HG2gBjDo-01773-00412575-00412910 defines if you how you map a certain
+t43HG2gBjDo-01774-00412912-00413039 configuration
+t43HG2gBjDo-01775-00413039-00413399 to an uh yeah outcome value
+t43HG2gBjDo-01776-00413400-00413630 a performance value okay and then
+t43HG2gBjDo-01777-00413631-00413774 there's also the tuner
+t43HG2gBjDo-01778-00413775-00413966 and the tuner has an algorithm that acts
+t43HG2gBjDo-01779-00413967-00414151 on the scenario and iterates iterates
+t43HG2gBjDo-01780-00414152-00414287 iterates until it has
+t43HG2gBjDo-01781-00414288-00414478 produced a final configuration this is
+t43HG2gBjDo-01782-00414479-00414599 which is good or optimal
+t43HG2gBjDo-01783-00414600-00414926 in certain sense and like i said these
+t43HG2gBjDo-01784-00414927-00415103 four guys here mitchell discussed
+t43HG2gBjDo-01785-00415104-00415295 already at length so i'll now discuss
+t43HG2gBjDo-01786-00415296-00415455 these two guys here a little bit more
+t43HG2gBjDo-01787-00415456-00415599 and of course these two guys
+t43HG2gBjDo-01788-00415600-00415903 as well so first of all the search space
+t43HG2gBjDo-01789-00415904-00416143 so the search space describes what
+t43HG2gBjDo-01790-00416143-00416239 parameters
+t43HG2gBjDo-01791-00416239-00416543 we want to optimize over and in what
+t43HG2gBjDo-01792-00416543-00416622 ranges
+t43HG2gBjDo-01793-00416623-00416951 and what data types these parameters
+t43HG2gBjDo-01794-00416952-00417343 have okay and so our
+t43HG2gBjDo-01795-00417343-00417614 basic object is for this is called a
+t43HG2gBjDo-01796-00417615-00417766 parameter set now that just
+t43HG2gBjDo-01797-00417767-00418070 bundles different parameters together
+t43HG2gBjDo-01798-00418071-00418214 you have seen this already before
+t43HG2gBjDo-01799-00418215-00418359 because every learner
+t43HG2gBjDo-01800-00418360-00418566 also contains a description of what
+t43HG2gBjDo-01801-00418567-00418670 hyperparameter
+t43HG2gBjDo-01802-00418671-00418943 it has yeah inside of it and here we use
+t43HG2gBjDo-01803-00418943-00419039 this kind of in an
+t43HG2gBjDo-01804-00419039-00419310 alternative manner or a second time to
+t43HG2gBjDo-01805-00419312-00419551 describe our search space for tuning
+t43HG2gBjDo-01806-00419552-00419766 and the parameter step is constructed by
+t43HG2gBjDo-01807-00419767-00420047 passing along or passing inside
+t43HG2gBjDo-01808-00420047-00420287 simply a list of parameters or parameter
+t43HG2gBjDo-01809-00420288-00420407 descriptions
+t43HG2gBjDo-01810-00420408-00420687 so and there's a couple of constructors
+t43HG2gBjDo-01811-00420688-00420814 for different data types
+t43HG2gBjDo-01812-00420815-00421014 so there's a param double for doubles
+t43HG2gBjDo-01813-00421015-00421175 there's a constructor for integer
+t43HG2gBjDo-01814-00421176-00421255 parameters
+t43HG2gBjDo-01815-00421256-00421439 for factor variables we'll also call
+t43HG2gBjDo-01816-00421439-00421695 them categoricals for logicals
+t43HG2gBjDo-01817-00421696-00422047 booleans so to speak and and uti that's
+t43HG2gBjDo-01818-00422047-00422135 for untyped
+t43HG2gBjDo-01819-00422135-00422447 and that's pretty useless for uh tuning
+t43HG2gBjDo-01820-00422447-00422543 because tuning
+t43HG2gBjDo-01821-00422543-00422710 based usually needs to know what
+t43HG2gBjDo-01822-00422712-00422910 parameter type it is
+t43HG2gBjDo-01823-00422912-00423110 and how the ranges and constraints look
+t43HG2gBjDo-01824-00423112-00423279 like and for numerical parameters we
+t43HG2gBjDo-01825-00423280-00423391 have usually a lower and
+t43HG2gBjDo-01826-00423392-00423591 upper bounds now so the range is what
+t43HG2gBjDo-01827-00423592-00423783 you tune inside of
+t43HG2gBjDo-01828-00423784-00423991 so most tuning algorithms require to
+t43HG2gBjDo-01829-00423992-00424087 know this
+t43HG2gBjDo-01830-00424088-00424287 and of course for categorical parameters
+t43HG2gBjDo-01831-00424288-00424447 we need to know the factor levels that
+t43HG2gBjDo-01832-00424447-00424607 we want to tune over well for logicals
+t43HG2gBjDo-01833-00424608-00424775 it's very simple it's always true or
+t43HG2gBjDo-01834-00424776-00424822 false
+t43HG2gBjDo-01835-00424823-00425055 so usually you don't need any extra
+t43HG2gBjDo-01836-00425056-00425166 information and
+t43HG2gBjDo-01837-00425167-00425335 in a certain sense you might don't need
+t43HG2gBjDo-01838-00425335-00425470 this at all because you could have also
+t43HG2gBjDo-01839-00425471-00425575 done this here
+t43HG2gBjDo-01840-00425576-00425918 with the parent factor i guess that only
+t43HG2gBjDo-01841-00425919-00426143 exists for convenience and completeness
+t43HG2gBjDo-01842-00426143-00426447 sake and if you want to see how this
+t43HG2gBjDo-01843-00426447-00426591 usually looks like you have to
+t43HG2gBjDo-01844-00426592-00426791 load this extra mini service package
+t43HG2gBjDo-01845-00426792-00426999 here which contains this description
+t43HG2gBjDo-01846-00427000-00427166 language for the parameters which is
+t43HG2gBjDo-01847-00427167-00427310 called paradox
+t43HG2gBjDo-01848-00427312-00427583 um so you just describe your search
+t43HG2gBjDo-01849-00427584-00427695 space here by always
+t43HG2gBjDo-01850-00427696-00427918 saying paramset dollar new and then you
+t43HG2gBjDo-01851-00427919-00427999 create a list
+t43HG2gBjDo-01852-00428000-00428303 and pass in description objects for all
+t43HG2gBjDo-01853-00428304-00428631 of the parameters you want to tune over
+t43HG2gBjDo-01854-00428632-00429883 with all of their respected respective
+t43HG2gBjDo-01855-00429884-00430022 sites
+t43HG2gBjDo-01856-00430023-00430247 um next thing we have to define the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01857-00430247-00430375 termination condition
+t43HG2gBjDo-01858-00430376-00430655 so we have to create a terminator object
+t43HG2gBjDo-01859-00430656-00430799 from a terminator class
+t43HG2gBjDo-01860-00430800-00431007 i'll go over this super quickly because
+t43HG2gBjDo-01861-00431008-00431199 it's very very simple
+t43HG2gBjDo-01862-00431200-00431479 so you we have this trm function here i
+t43HG2gBjDo-01863-00431480-00431718 might pronounce this the term function
+t43HG2gBjDo-01864-00431719-00432014 um which is again a syntactic sugar to
+t43HG2gBjDo-01865-00432015-00432127 create such an object
+t43HG2gBjDo-01866-00432128-00432327 it's again a dictionary you can list the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01867-00432328-00432479 dictionary and here you can see all of
+t43HG2gBjDo-01868-00432480-00432663 the terminator objects that exist
+t43HG2gBjDo-01869-00432664-00432807 so you can for example say i want to
+t43HG2gBjDo-01870-00432808-00433079 stop after 50 evaluations
+t43HG2gBjDo-01871-00433080-00433279 and you can also stop with respect to
+t43HG2gBjDo-01872-00433280-00433470 clock time so you might want to
+t43HG2gBjDo-01873-00433471-00433759 stop i don't know at 8 00 pm in the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01874-00433760-00433822 evening
+t43HG2gBjDo-01875-00433823-00433975 or you might want to say i want to stop
+t43HG2gBjDo-01876-00433976-00434214 after 50 minutes of computation or you
+t43HG2gBjDo-01877-00434215-00434303 want to stop
+t43HG2gBjDo-01878-00434304-00434503 after you have reached an accuracy of
+t43HG2gBjDo-01879-00434504-00434655 0.95 yeah
+t43HG2gBjDo-01880-00434656-00434975 it's all very simple um you can just
+t43HG2gBjDo-01881-00434976-00435159 take the correct object or you might
+t43HG2gBjDo-01882-00435160-00435359 maybe you want to um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01883-00435360-00435535 terminate when you have stagnated when
+t43HG2gBjDo-01884-00435535-00435766 performance has not increased a lot
+t43HG2gBjDo-01885-00435767-00435975 and it's also possible to combine all of
+t43HG2gBjDo-01886-00435976-00436199 these combined multiple of these yeah so
+t43HG2gBjDo-01887-00436200-00436399 for example either after one hour
+t43HG2gBjDo-01888-00436400-00436703 or when i have stagnated with respect um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01889-00436704-00436863 to performance development and then you
+t43HG2gBjDo-01890-00436864-00436951 can use this
+t43HG2gBjDo-01891-00436952-00437151 meta terminator combo here for example
+t43HG2gBjDo-01892-00437152-00437414 yeah you can combine with end or or
+t43HG2gBjDo-01893-00437415-00437727 uh constructions and yeah and it's as
+t43HG2gBjDo-01894-00437728-00437895 easy as just writing term
+t43HG2gBjDo-01895-00437896-00438175 number of evaluations equals 20 and then
+t43HG2gBjDo-01896-00438176-00438518 you stop after 20 evaluations
+t43HG2gBjDo-01897-00438519-00438703 um and the next thing is you have to
+t43HG2gBjDo-01898-00438704-00438831 choose a tuning method
+t43HG2gBjDo-01899-00438832-00439159 so for that you need the mlr3 tuning
+t43HG2gBjDo-01900-00439160-00439414 tuner class that's also quite simple
+t43HG2gBjDo-01901-00439415-00439599 it's again it's a dictionary
+t43HG2gBjDo-01902-00439600-00439759 again there's a little sugar function
+t43HG2gBjDo-01903-00439760-00439927 which is called tnr
+t43HG2gBjDo-01904-00439928-00440110 and to create from this and here you can
+t43HG2gBjDo-01905-00440112-00440263 list the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01906-00440264-00440422 tuning algorithms which are currently
+t43HG2gBjDo-01907-00440423-00440631 implemented so you can do something like
+t43HG2gBjDo-01908-00440632-00440766 a grid search you can do something like
+t43HG2gBjDo-01909-00440767-00440887 a random search
+t43HG2gBjDo-01910-00440888-00441231 you can run a simple as simula or
+t43HG2gBjDo-01911-00441232-00441391 actually not a simple actually quite
+t43HG2gBjDo-01912-00441392-00441535 complicated simulated annealing
+t43HG2gBjDo-01913-00441535-00441710 algorithm here genus a
+t43HG2gBjDo-01914-00441712-00441959 there's nl opt also in there and or you
+t43HG2gBjDo-01915-00441960-00442087 can even specify
+t43HG2gBjDo-01916-00442088-00442343 exactly at what design points you want
+t43HG2gBjDo-01917-00442343-00442414 to
+t43HG2gBjDo-01918-00442415-00442718 evaluate manually um of course um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01919-00442719-00442943 i guess you might some of you might be
+t43HG2gBjDo-01920-00442943-00443047 missing some of
+t43HG2gBjDo-01921-00443047-00443222 uh some more advanced algorithms in
+t43HG2gBjDo-01922-00443223-00443422 there so we have already um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01923-00443423-00443639 on github and a nice version of
+t43HG2gBjDo-01924-00443639-00443751 hyperband
+t43HG2gBjDo-01925-00443752-00443991 um and we will create very soon a new
+t43HG2gBjDo-01926-00443992-00444118 version of nlr
+t43HG2gBjDo-01927-00444119-00444359 mbo so for model based optimization and
+t43HG2gBjDo-01928-00444360-00444535 bayesian optimization currently working
+t43HG2gBjDo-01929-00444535-00444599 on that
+t43HG2gBjDo-01930-00444600-00444879 give us maybe one or two months so that
+t43HG2gBjDo-01931-00444880-00444951 we have a
+t43HG2gBjDo-01932-00444952-00445159 prototype that we are comfortable with
+t43HG2gBjDo-01933-00445160-00445279 publishing and i think
+t43HG2gBjDo-01934-00445280-00445487 i think then you also have some pretty
+t43HG2gBjDo-01935-00445488-00445655 um yeah
+t43HG2gBjDo-01936-00445656-00445831 efficient techniques actually at your
+t43HG2gBjDo-01937-00445832-00445975 fingertips
+t43HG2gBjDo-01938-00445976-00446270 so you load the tool tuner um that also
+t43HG2gBjDo-01939-00446271-00446414 loads all of the services all of the
+t43HG2gBjDo-01940-00446415-00446551 underlying packages you need
+t43HG2gBjDo-01941-00446552-00446783 again you you might have to set some
+t43HG2gBjDo-01942-00446784-00446895 control parameters
+t43HG2gBjDo-01943-00446896-00447047 so for example we can create a grid
+t43HG2gBjDo-01944-00447047-00447214 search here and we can set
+t43HG2gBjDo-01945-00447215-00447431 the resolution parameters to three and
+t43HG2gBjDo-01946-00447432-00447543 resolution means
+t43HG2gBjDo-01947-00447543-00447718 so for every numerical parameter in a
+t43HG2gBjDo-01948-00447719-00447951 grid search we discretize that to three
+t43HG2gBjDo-01949-00447952-00448143 values uh so if i take this
+t43HG2gBjDo-01950-00448143-00448487 if i take my k from the k n and i
+t43HG2gBjDo-01951-00448488-00448727 i want to optimize in the ranges from 1
+t43HG2gBjDo-01952-00448728-00448799 to 20
+t43HG2gBjDo-01953-00448800-00449047 so resolution 3 means that i'm
+t43HG2gBjDo-01954-00449047-00449127 evaluating k
+t43HG2gBjDo-01955-00449128-00449414 equals 1 k equals 10 in the middle and k
+t43HG2gBjDo-01956-00449415-00449591 equals 20. 20
+t43HG2gBjDo-01957-00449592-00449863 at the upper end of the spectrum and you
+t43HG2gBjDo-01958-00449864-00450070 can also see here some properties
+t43HG2gBjDo-01959-00450071-00450318 uh so what the tuners can do what
+t43HG2gBjDo-01960-00450319-00450591 parameter classes they can work on
+t43HG2gBjDo-01961-00450592-00450870 the batch size settings and so and of
+t43HG2gBjDo-01962-00450871-00451047 course um the strategy parameters that
+t43HG2gBjDo-01963-00451047-00451191 we have set here but
+t43HG2gBjDo-01964-00451192-00451318 except for that it's not very
+t43HG2gBjDo-01965-00451319-00451470 complicated it's basically just you
+t43HG2gBjDo-01966-00451471-00451599 construct the thing
+t43HG2gBjDo-01967-00451600-00451910 and that's it um yeah
+t43HG2gBjDo-01968-00451912-00452039 there's usually this batch size
+t43HG2gBjDo-01969-00452039-00452159 parameter which is important for
+t43HG2gBjDo-01970-00452160-00452318 pluralization so i don't want to go into
+t43HG2gBjDo-01971-00452319-00452447 details here too much because that's a
+t43HG2gBjDo-01972-00452447-00452559 bit technical
+t43HG2gBjDo-01973-00452560-00452870 and then you tie all of this together so
+t43HG2gBjDo-01974-00452871-00453063 first of all you create the tuning
+t43HG2gBjDo-01975-00453064-00453255 instance so that's basically just a very
+t43HG2gBjDo-01976-00453256-00453422 long call where you pass all of these
+t43HG2gBjDo-01977-00453423-00453518 objects in here
+t43HG2gBjDo-01978-00453519-00453735 and explain all of this and because i'm
+t43HG2gBjDo-01979-00453735-00453847 using grid search
+t43HG2gBjDo-01980-00453847-00454079 and grid search always has a finite
+t43HG2gBjDo-01981-00454080-00454247 amount of points to evaluate and usually
+t43HG2gBjDo-01982-00454247-00454391 want to search all of them
+t43HG2gBjDo-01983-00454392-00454575 exhaustively we can also use this
+t43HG2gBjDo-01984-00454576-00454718 terminator none here
+t43HG2gBjDo-01985-00454719-00454966 so there's not a specific termination
+t43HG2gBjDo-01986-00454967-00455151 setting now we just finish when
+t43HG2gBjDo-01987-00455152-00455463 the algorithm thinks it's finished and
+t43HG2gBjDo-01988-00455464-00455718 um after we have created this instance
+t43HG2gBjDo-01989-00455719-00455951 here the scenario so to speak the tuning
+t43HG2gBjDo-01990-00455952-00456135 scenario we just do
+t43HG2gBjDo-01991-00456135-00456470 tuna dollar optimize on the instance
+t43HG2gBjDo-01992-00456471-00456863 yeah and that gives us back um
+t43HG2gBjDo-01993-00456864-00457175 and also stores in the object an archive
+t43HG2gBjDo-01994-00457176-00457318 of all evaluations
+t43HG2gBjDo-01995-00457319-00457727 and it also returns to you a data table
+t43HG2gBjDo-01996-00457728-00457959 that contains the optimal settings that
+t43HG2gBjDo-01997-00457960-00458191 were found during the tuning process
+t43HG2gBjDo-01998-00458192-00458383 so this looks a little bit complicated i
+t43HG2gBjDo-01999-00458384-00458639 guess or the middle part here so
+t43HG2gBjDo-02000-00458639-00458863 let me explain at least parts of this so
+t43HG2gBjDo-02001-00458864-00459055 the first columns here are simply the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02002-00459056-00459143 parameters
+t43HG2gBjDo-02003-00459143-00459343 that you're optimizing over these are
+t43HG2gBjDo-02004-00459343-00459455 all always
+t43HG2gBjDo-02005-00459456-00459783 like scale up parameters because paradox
+t43HG2gBjDo-02006-00459784-00459927 doesn't allow anything else
+t43HG2gBjDo-02007-00459928-00460103 so these are just regular columns here
+t43HG2gBjDo-02008-00460104-00460239 in the data table and you can just
+t43HG2gBjDo-02009-00460239-00460407 easily see them access them and work
+t43HG2gBjDo-02010-00460408-00460647 with them and then here the last column
+t43HG2gBjDo-02011-00460647-00460887 is always this respective associated
+t43HG2gBjDo-02012-00460888-00460991 performance metric
+t43HG2gBjDo-02013-00460992-00461166 that is associated with this optimal
+t43HG2gBjDo-02014-00461167-00461351 configuration that we have found
+t43HG2gBjDo-02015-00461352-00461663 here you also have two different ways of
+t43HG2gBjDo-02016-00461664-00461831 kind of specifying
+t43HG2gBjDo-02017-00461832-00462135 this optimal configuration so
+t43HG2gBjDo-02018-00462135-00462422 i'll skip so there's two things that can
+t43HG2gBjDo-02019-00462423-00462566 change this configuration
+t43HG2gBjDo-02020-00462567-00462751 so later on i will also show you how to
+t43HG2gBjDo-02021-00462752-00462943 do parameter transformations
+t43HG2gBjDo-02022-00462943-00463063 so you can kind of transform your
+t43HG2gBjDo-02023-00463064-00463255 parameters into log scale and so on
+t43HG2gBjDo-02024-00463256-00463551 and this stuff is stored here as a list
+t43HG2gBjDo-02025-00463552-00463599 and you can
+t43HG2gBjDo-02026-00463600-00463943 also maybe the learner itself
+t43HG2gBjDo-02027-00463943-00464127 has also some constant settings
+t43HG2gBjDo-02028-00464128-00464327 associated with it so what is in this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02029-00464328-00464439 list here is what is
+t43HG2gBjDo-02030-00464439-00464622 actually being evaluated on the learner
+t43HG2gBjDo-02031-00464623-00464822 so these are the transform parameters
+t43HG2gBjDo-02032-00464823-00465014 also with other constant settings yeah
+t43HG2gBjDo-02033-00465015-00465166 so this is kind of what is really being
+t43HG2gBjDo-02034-00465167-00465279 evaluated
+t43HG2gBjDo-02035-00465280-00465495 and this is here what the tuner of the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02036-00465496-00465631 optimizer is actually
+t43HG2gBjDo-02037-00465632-00465935 searching over okay and
+t43HG2gBjDo-02038-00465935-00466127 if you don't understand this now doesn't
+t43HG2gBjDo-02039-00466128-00466318 really matter so just with a simple
+t43HG2gBjDo-02040-00466319-00466487 example it's all of these things here to
+t43HG2gBjDo-02041-00466488-00466647 completely coincide and there's not a
+t43HG2gBjDo-02042-00466647-00466735 difference between them
+t43HG2gBjDo-02043-00466735-00466959 and we have technical information online
+t43HG2gBjDo-02044-00466960-00467118 to make this clearer
+t43HG2gBjDo-02045-00467119-00467422 um and here i'm doing now exactly the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02046-00467423-00467470 same
+t43HG2gBjDo-02047-00467471-00467631 what i showed before so i'm just doing
+t43HG2gBjDo-02048-00467632-00467822 this with a few more evaluations so here
+t43HG2gBjDo-02049-00467823-00467903 i run my grid
+t43HG2gBjDo-02050-00467904-00468143 search now with the resolution of 20
+t43HG2gBjDo-02051-00468143-00468270 again i
+t43HG2gBjDo-02052-00468271-00468503 create my tuning instance i optimize
+t43HG2gBjDo-02053-00468504-00468663 over it with my grid search
+t43HG2gBjDo-02054-00468664-00468887 i print out the results and what you can
+t43HG2gBjDo-02055-00468888-00469007 also see is here now
+t43HG2gBjDo-02056-00469008-00469359 how i can nicely access the instance
+t43HG2gBjDo-02057-00469360-00469583 after i have run the tuning and i can
+t43HG2gBjDo-02058-00469584-00469879 access what is called the archive slot
+t43HG2gBjDo-02059-00469880-00470166 and turn this into a data table and the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02060-00470167-00470366 archive slot now contains
+t43HG2gBjDo-02061-00470367-00470655 every evaluation so with every parameter
+t43HG2gBjDo-02062-00470656-00470710 setting
+t43HG2gBjDo-02063-00470712-00471079 and with every um associated performance
+t43HG2gBjDo-02064-00471080-00471159 metric
+t43HG2gBjDo-02065-00471160-00471407 and it looks exactly as this here not
+t43HG2gBjDo-02066-00471408-00471614 just a longer table with more rows
+t43HG2gBjDo-02067-00471615-00471766 and every evaluation that the grid
+t43HG2gBjDo-02068-00471767-00471935 search has been performed or
+t43HG2gBjDo-02069-00471935-00472087 that any kind of tuning algorithm would
+t43HG2gBjDo-02070-00472088-00472263 have performed is in there
+t43HG2gBjDo-02071-00472264-00472470 and from this because it's a data table
+t43HG2gBjDo-02072-00472471-00472614 we can nicely now
+t43HG2gBjDo-02073-00472615-00472927 plot so i'm here plotting this trace
+t43HG2gBjDo-02074-00472928-00473239 or i'm plotting this k versus associated
+t43HG2gBjDo-02075-00473239-00473463 classification error so you can see
+t43HG2gBjDo-02076-00473464-00473583 which case
+t43HG2gBjDo-02077-00473584-00473839 actually work quite well and which work
+t43HG2gBjDo-02078-00473839-00474055 less well right so the optimal settings
+t43HG2gBjDo-02079-00474056-00474247 would be something like i don't know 13
+t43HG2gBjDo-02080-00474247-00474359 or 14
+t43HG2gBjDo-02081-00474360-00474622 for my cane and on this data set yeah i
+t43HG2gBjDo-02082-00474623-00474743 mean the experiment is
+t43HG2gBjDo-02083-00474743-00474895 more or less a toy experiment so it's
+t43HG2gBjDo-02084-00474896-00475055 not that interesting
+t43HG2gBjDo-02085-00475056-00475310 um here's a recap i guess i'll skip over
+t43HG2gBjDo-02086-00475312-00475439 this because
+t43HG2gBjDo-02087-00475439-00475631 it contains nothing new just the code on
+t43HG2gBjDo-02088-00475632-00475814 one page i guess it demonstrates to you
+t43HG2gBjDo-02089-00475815-00475975 how simple tuning is
+t43HG2gBjDo-02090-00475976-00476191 through the i mean i guess what's not in
+t43HG2gBjDo-02091-00476192-00476351 here is the parameter set definition so
+t43HG2gBjDo-02092-00476352-00476527 i guess that should be here
+t43HG2gBjDo-02093-00476528-00476695 the instance tuning algorithm
+t43HG2gBjDo-02094-00476696-00476966 optimization that's it
+t43HG2gBjDo-02095-00476967-00477318 um okay some at least a couple of
+t43HG2gBjDo-02096-00477319-00477663 um do i have some minutes left for this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02097-00477664-00477895 well maybe a few a couple of words on
+t43HG2gBjDo-02098-00477896-00478031 parameter transformations
+t43HG2gBjDo-02099-00478032-00478303 so sometimes we might not want to
+t43HG2gBjDo-02100-00478304-00478399 optimize over an
+t43HG2gBjDo-02101-00478400-00478614 evenly spaced range of parameters as i
+t43HG2gBjDo-02102-00478615-00478759 did before
+t43HG2gBjDo-02103-00478760-00479183 so um for example as a motivation so if
+t43HG2gBjDo-02104-00479184-00479310 you look at k
+t43HG2gBjDo-02105-00479312-00479543 equals one versus k equals two so the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02106-00479543-00479718 second thing here is twice as large as
+t43HG2gBjDo-02107-00479719-00479855 that one so we might say there's a big
+t43HG2gBjDo-02108-00479856-00480007 difference between the two
+t43HG2gBjDo-02109-00480008-00480239 but i mean and it might be interesting
+t43HG2gBjDo-02110-00480239-00480431 to kind of value both of them but do we
+t43HG2gBjDo-02111-00480432-00480607 really care about
+t43HG2gBjDo-02112-00480608-00480895 the difference between k equals 101
+t43HG2gBjDo-02113-00480896-00481062 versus 102.
+t43HG2gBjDo-02114-00481063-00481222 so there's a lot of parameters where you
+t43HG2gBjDo-02115-00481223-00481439 kind of want to
+t43HG2gBjDo-02116-00481439-00481695 yeah optimize them on different scales
+t43HG2gBjDo-02117-00481696-00481991 so other standard examples for example
+t43HG2gBjDo-02118-00481992-00482175 are regularization parameters where you
+t43HG2gBjDo-02119-00482176-00482318 want to try so
+t43HG2gBjDo-02120-00482319-00482535 the c parameter in the support vector
+t43HG2gBjDo-02121-00482535-00482679 machine or the lambda parameter and
+t43HG2gBjDo-02122-00482680-00482870 regularized statistical models
+t43HG2gBjDo-02123-00482871-00483207 very often you want to optimize them
+t43HG2gBjDo-02124-00483208-00483462 over a range where you have uh values
+t43HG2gBjDo-02125-00483463-00483639 that are very close to zero and then
+t43HG2gBjDo-02126-00483639-00483831 values that are also very very large and
+t43HG2gBjDo-02127-00483832-00483999 very far away from zero
+t43HG2gBjDo-02128-00484000-00484191 and then the usual trick is to optimize
+t43HG2gBjDo-02129-00484192-00484359 them on a log scale and you can do this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02130-00484360-00484510 in a very general manner
+t43HG2gBjDo-02131-00484512-00484943 in mlr3 so you define your parameter set
+t43HG2gBjDo-02132-00484943-00485222 and then you add a so-called
+t43HG2gBjDo-02133-00485223-00485414 transformation
+t43HG2gBjDo-02134-00485415-00485631 function to the parameter set so what
+t43HG2gBjDo-02135-00485632-00485743 does that mean
+t43HG2gBjDo-02136-00485743-00486047 so what i'm doing here is now i'm
+t43HG2gBjDo-02137-00486047-00486327 creating kind of a fake or temporary
+t43HG2gBjDo-02138-00486328-00486407 parameter
+t43HG2gBjDo-02139-00486408-00486751 k before truffle i've also called it k
+t43HG2gBjDo-02140-00486752-00486918 i guess it doesn't matter just to make
+t43HG2gBjDo-02141-00486919-00487055 this more explicit
+t43HG2gBjDo-02142-00487056-00487399 and we are optimizing this from
+t43HG2gBjDo-02143-00487400-00487814 log 1 to log 50 and
+t43HG2gBjDo-02144-00487815-00488022 now i'm creating here a transformation
+t43HG2gBjDo-02145-00488023-00488175 function which actually does
+t43HG2gBjDo-02146-00488176-00488383 x of that and then rounds it back to
+t43HG2gBjDo-02147-00488384-00488479 integer
+t43HG2gBjDo-02148-00488480-00488799 so what this will do is evaluate
+t43HG2gBjDo-02149-00488800-00488983 a lot of values here which are closer to
+t43HG2gBjDo-02150-00488984-00489143 one but it will have
+t43HG2gBjDo-02151-00489143-00489487 larger gaps between well larger values
+t43HG2gBjDo-02152-00489488-00489535 of k
+t43HG2gBjDo-02153-00489535-00489887 okay and another very um regular way of
+t43HG2gBjDo-02154-00489888-00489983 defining this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02155-00489984-00490135 for example for the support vector
+t43HG2gBjDo-02156-00490135-00490343 machine you might have seen this before
+t43HG2gBjDo-02157-00490343-00490551 so if you optimize over the c parameter
+t43HG2gBjDo-02158-00490552-00490759 or a kernel with parameter you very
+t43HG2gBjDo-02159-00490760-00490966 often optimize from something like minus
+t43HG2gBjDo-02160-00490967-00491055 10
+t43HG2gBjDo-02161-00491056-00491310 plus 10 yeah in the tuning but in
+t43HG2gBjDo-02162-00491312-00491470 reality what you mean is actually
+t43HG2gBjDo-02163-00491471-00491743 2 to the minus 10 to 2 to the 10. now so
+t43HG2gBjDo-02164-00491743-00491862 2 to the minus 10
+t43HG2gBjDo-02165-00491863-00492191 very small values close to 0 and 2
+t43HG2gBjDo-02166-00492192-00492535 to 2 to the 9 2 to the 10 large values
+t43HG2gBjDo-02167-00492535-00492670 with larger gaps yeah
+t43HG2gBjDo-02168-00492671-00492799 in this case you would write here
+t43HG2gBjDo-02169-00492800-00493022 something like param double um
+t43HG2gBjDo-02170-00493023-00493335 it goes from -10 to 10 and then your
+t43HG2gBjDo-02171-00493335-00493662 transformation function would just be um
+t43HG2gBjDo-02172-00493663-00494079 c equals two to the x okay
+t43HG2gBjDo-02173-00494080-00494383 and and the nice thing about
+t43HG2gBjDo-02174-00494384-00494566 designing it like this is you can do any
+t43HG2gBjDo-02175-00494567-00494735 type of transformation
+t43HG2gBjDo-02176-00494735-00494935 that you want right so you can kind of
+t43HG2gBjDo-02177-00494935-00495095 create fake spaces
+t43HG2gBjDo-02178-00495096-00495295 that the tuner is acting on and then
+t43HG2gBjDo-02179-00495296-00495487 this transformation function
+t43HG2gBjDo-02180-00495488-00495822 um kind of converts it into the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02181-00495823-00496039 uh space that you want to have the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02182-00496039-00496214 learning algorithm being run on so i
+t43HG2gBjDo-02183-00496215-00496414 guess that's more of an expert option
+t43HG2gBjDo-02184-00496415-00496687 for people who are a bit more used with
+t43HG2gBjDo-02185-00496688-00496870 blackbox optimization hyperparameter
+t43HG2gBjDo-02186-00496871-00496966 optimization now
+t43HG2gBjDo-02187-00496967-00497143 and the nice thing is also because the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02188-00497143-00497431 tar4 acts on the complete parameter set
+t43HG2gBjDo-02189-00497432-00497639 so it's not a setting per parameter it's
+t43HG2gBjDo-02190-00497639-00497855 kind of a function it's an r function
+t43HG2gBjDo-02191-00497856-00498087 that acts on the complete parameter set
+t43HG2gBjDo-02192-00498088-00498239 so this x here is a list
+t43HG2gBjDo-02193-00498239-00498431 of all parameter settings for this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02194-00498432-00498551 parameter set
+t43HG2gBjDo-02195-00498552-00498759 um you can you can even do multivariate
+t43HG2gBjDo-02196-00498760-00498879 transformations right you don't have to
+t43HG2gBjDo-02197-00498880-00498943 do it on a
+t43HG2gBjDo-02198-00498943-00499103 perimeter basis you can act on the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02199-00499104-00499303 complete configuration and transform it
+t43HG2gBjDo-02200-00499304-00499455 into anything else
+t43HG2gBjDo-02201-00499456-00499710 so the only thing that is kind of i
+t43HG2gBjDo-02202-00499712-00499775 don't know
+t43HG2gBjDo-02203-00499776-00500103 require is this x here will always come
+t43HG2gBjDo-02204-00500104-00500239 from this parameter set
+t43HG2gBjDo-02205-00500239-00500487 and what you compute here and this list
+t43HG2gBjDo-02206-00500488-00500710 that must be acceptable by the learning
+t43HG2gBjDo-02207-00500712-00500759 algorithm
+t43HG2gBjDo-02208-00500760-00501031 now that's kind of the contract model so
+t43HG2gBjDo-02209-00501032-00501103 to speak
+t43HG2gBjDo-02210-00501104-00501391 so that this will work so in this case
+t43HG2gBjDo-02211-00501392-00501535 what is opera
+t43HG2gBjDo-02212-00501535-00501783 transformation doing so you can see here
+t43HG2gBjDo-02213-00501784-00501895 how um
+t43HG2gBjDo-02214-00501896-00502295 yeah we um how the tuner
+t43HG2gBjDo-02215-00502296-00502566 thinks it optimizes on this space while
+t43HG2gBjDo-02216-00502567-00502759 in reality we're actually evaluating
+t43HG2gBjDo-02217-00502760-00502847 here in this space
+t43HG2gBjDo-02218-00502847-00503247 yeah values yeah i mean that's kind of
+t43HG2gBjDo-02219-00503247-00503399 what i explained already what this log
+t43HG2gBjDo-02220-00503400-00503614 space thing does right
+t43HG2gBjDo-02221-00503615-00503910 um and you just call this here again
+t43HG2gBjDo-02222-00503912-00504014 just looking at this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02223-00504015-00504239 so there's not a big difference um you
+t43HG2gBjDo-02224-00504239-00504422 can also plot this again so there's also
+t43HG2gBjDo-02225-00504423-00504647 nothing new in here so i'm now plotting
+t43HG2gBjDo-02226-00504647-00504870 this kb4 transformation yeah which i
+t43HG2gBjDo-02227-00504871-00504999 guess is a little bit
+t43HG2gBjDo-02228-00505000-00505159 i don't know the scale might be a bit
+t43HG2gBjDo-02229-00505160-00505391 confusing for people uh because it's now
+t43HG2gBjDo-02230-00505392-00505583 this this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02231-00505584-00505822 numerical scale or this double scale
+t43HG2gBjDo-02232-00505823-00505983 which goes from zero to four but in
+t43HG2gBjDo-02233-00505984-00506095 reality
+t43HG2gBjDo-02234-00506096-00506343 um we are actually optimizing from zero
+t43HG2gBjDo-02235-00506343-00506487 to fifty
+t43HG2gBjDo-02236-00506488-00506831 and this is also why this um yeah
+t43HG2gBjDo-02237-00506832-00507095 let me show this again where this x
+t43HG2gBjDo-02238-00507096-00507279 domain here is interesting right because
+t43HG2gBjDo-02239-00507280-00507375 this here
+t43HG2gBjDo-02240-00507376-00507639 contains the what the tuner is acting up
+t43HG2gBjDo-02241-00507639-00507862 on at this before the transformation
+t43HG2gBjDo-02242-00507863-00508166 and this guy here contains the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02243-00508167-00508366 configurations after the transformations
+t43HG2gBjDo-02244-00508367-00508543 which i guess are more interesting to
+t43HG2gBjDo-02245-00508543-00508670 people
+t43HG2gBjDo-02246-00508671-00508887 to later analyze and i've shown here
+t43HG2gBjDo-02247-00508888-00508983 both
+t43HG2gBjDo-02248-00508984-00509318 if you dislike that these parameters
+t43HG2gBjDo-02249-00509319-00509447 here are kind of
+t43HG2gBjDo-02250-00509447-00509759 i don't know hidden down in a list you
+t43HG2gBjDo-02251-00509760-00510007 this this archive thing here and many of
+t43HG2gBjDo-02252-00510008-00510175 our data tables that we are supplying
+t43HG2gBjDo-02253-00510176-00510431 with mlr3 have these unnest functions or
+t43HG2gBjDo-02254-00510432-00510487 unless
+t43HG2gBjDo-02255-00510488-00510710 options we can kind of unless everything
+t43HG2gBjDo-02256-00510712-00510814 from the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02257-00510815-00511031 list and then it will create separate
+t43HG2gBjDo-02258-00511032-00511239 scalar columns in the data table so you
+t43HG2gBjDo-02259-00511239-00511422 can easily access them
+t43HG2gBjDo-02260-00511423-00511759 which is pretty convenient so finally
+t43HG2gBjDo-02261-00511760-00512031 i guess no hyperlimiter tuning talk is
+t43HG2gBjDo-02262-00512032-00512110 complete
+t43HG2gBjDo-02263-00512112-00512327 without referring also to nested
+t43HG2gBjDo-02264-00512328-00512487 resampling so i don't want to go into
+t43HG2gBjDo-02265-00512488-00512710 theory here so much so i'm assuming that
+t43HG2gBjDo-02266-00512712-00512814 most of you
+t43HG2gBjDo-02267-00512815-00513062 know that we need to perform nested
+t43HG2gBjDo-02268-00513063-00513239 cross validation
+t43HG2gBjDo-02269-00513239-00513551 or train validation test setups to
+t43HG2gBjDo-02270-00513552-00513903 um estimate uh learning
+t43HG2gBjDo-02271-00513904-00514087 or learning algorithm performance in an
+t43HG2gBjDo-02272-00514088-00514287 unbiased manner if we do
+t43HG2gBjDo-02273-00514288-00514655 i'm hyper tuning um otherwise if we only
+t43HG2gBjDo-02274-00514656-00514710 kind of
+t43HG2gBjDo-02275-00514712-00514951 um if you optimize on the cross
+t43HG2gBjDo-02276-00514952-00515135 validation for performance estimation
+t43HG2gBjDo-02277-00515135-00515470 this will create um optimistically
+t43HG2gBjDo-02278-00515471-00515703 biased results and we shouldn't do this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02279-00515704-00516022 so in order for us to achieve a simple
+t43HG2gBjDo-02280-00516023-00516295 nested resampling for mlr3
+t43HG2gBjDo-02281-00516296-00516479 what we are doing here is we are
+t43HG2gBjDo-02282-00516480-00516631 actually creating something that's
+t43HG2gBjDo-02283-00516632-00516822 called an autotuner object
+t43HG2gBjDo-02284-00516823-00517062 and what the autotuner object does is
+t43HG2gBjDo-02285-00517063-00517143 it's basically
+t43HG2gBjDo-02286-00517143-00517303 it basically creates a two-step
+t43HG2gBjDo-02287-00517304-00517566 procedure so it as a second step
+t43HG2gBjDo-02288-00517567-00517799 it really runs your learning algorithm
+t43HG2gBjDo-02289-00517800-00518014 with the optimal configuration
+t43HG2gBjDo-02290-00518015-00518222 and the first step here is this tuning
+t43HG2gBjDo-02291-00518223-00518407 thing so basically does what i've just
+t43HG2gBjDo-02292-00518408-00518622 shown to you it runs the tuning
+t43HG2gBjDo-02293-00518623-00518895 completely first until completion yeah
+t43HG2gBjDo-02294-00518896-00519103 it computes the optimal configuration
+t43HG2gBjDo-02295-00519104-00519151 here
+t43HG2gBjDo-02296-00519152-00519462 and then it finally trains the model
+t43HG2gBjDo-02297-00519463-00519695 on the past in data set with this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02298-00519696-00519855 optimal configuration and then we just
+t43HG2gBjDo-02299-00519856-00519910 kind of
+t43HG2gBjDo-02300-00519912-00520031 i don't know soft in a software
+t43HG2gBjDo-02301-00520032-00520255 engineering manner tie or
+t43HG2gBjDo-02302-00520256-00520583 just tie a box around this yeah and we
+t43HG2gBjDo-02303-00520584-00520655 create a
+t43HG2gBjDo-02304-00520656-00520847 kind of create a coupling mechanism that
+t43HG2gBjDo-02305-00520847-00521022 runs the tuning first and then the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02306-00521023-00521151 learning algorithm and this is what is
+t43HG2gBjDo-02307-00521152-00521262 called the auto tuner
+t43HG2gBjDo-02308-00521263-00521407 and the nice thing is if you cross
+t43HG2gBjDo-02309-00521408-00521583 validate this thing here yeah
+t43HG2gBjDo-02310-00521584-00521822 this has now an outer cross validation
+t43HG2gBjDo-02311-00521823-00521975 and an inner cross validation in the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02312-00521976-00522070 tuning and this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02313-00522071-00522343 kind of automatically does everything
+t43HG2gBjDo-02314-00522343-00522518 correctly because you cannot cheat
+t43HG2gBjDo-02315-00522519-00522695 anymore
+t43HG2gBjDo-02316-00522696-00523062 because in the outer loop um yeah always
+t43HG2gBjDo-02317-00523063-00523239 fresh test data is being used
+t43HG2gBjDo-02318-00523239-00523462 if you find this confusing and you don't
+t43HG2gBjDo-02319-00523463-00523766 know necessary sampling really pick up
+t43HG2gBjDo-02320-00523767-00524062 i guess a good book on machining
+t43HG2gBjDo-02321-00524063-00524183 evaluation
+t43HG2gBjDo-02322-00524184-00524391 i've also i guess published papers on
+t43HG2gBjDo-02323-00524392-00524599 this we look this up because it's pretty
+t43HG2gBjDo-02324-00524600-00524831 important for practical work
+t43HG2gBjDo-02325-00524832-00525055 um proper evaluation so many people have
+t43HG2gBjDo-02326-00525056-00525262 done mistakes here
+t43HG2gBjDo-02327-00525263-00525503 and nice thing about mlr3 in terms of
+t43HG2gBjDo-02328-00525504-00525711 software is it's super simple
+t43HG2gBjDo-02329-00525712-00525903 you can now just do the following you
+t43HG2gBjDo-02330-00525904-00526039 create an auto tune-up
+t43HG2gBjDo-02331-00526040-00526270 which takes your learning algorithm and
+t43HG2gBjDo-02332-00526271-00526447 you can even pass in some constant
+t43HG2gBjDo-02333-00526448-00526607 settings here
+t43HG2gBjDo-02334-00526608-00526903 you create an inner resampling or pass
+t43HG2gBjDo-02335-00526904-00527022 in an inner resampling
+t43HG2gBjDo-02336-00527023-00527191 so this is what is being used during
+t43HG2gBjDo-02337-00527192-00527366 hyper parameter tuning
+t43HG2gBjDo-02338-00527367-00527583 and here you specify the metric that you
+t43HG2gBjDo-02339-00527584-00527679 want to tune over
+t43HG2gBjDo-02340-00527680-00527895 you specify your search space you
+t43HG2gBjDo-02341-00527896-00528118 specify your terminator
+t43HG2gBjDo-02342-00528119-00528287 termination criterion and you specify
+t43HG2gBjDo-02343-00528288-00528462 your tuning algorithm and all of this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02344-00528463-00528647 stuff here you have seen before
+t43HG2gBjDo-02345-00528648-00529014 so from here to uh here
+t43HG2gBjDo-02346-00529015-00529183 this basically defined the tuning
+t43HG2gBjDo-02347-00529184-00529359 instance well i guess this also needed
+t43HG2gBjDo-02348-00529360-00529431 the task
+t43HG2gBjDo-02349-00529432-00529583 we can't pass this in here because this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02350-00529584-00529822 will create an abstract learning thing
+t43HG2gBjDo-02351-00529823-00529862 that
+t43HG2gBjDo-02352-00529863-00530031 can be trained on anything and this here
+t43HG2gBjDo-02353-00530032-00530166 was the tune but all of these objects
+t43HG2gBjDo-02354-00530167-00530262 you have seen before
+t43HG2gBjDo-02355-00530263-00530511 we just now tie them all together in the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02356-00530512-00530599 order tuner
+t43HG2gBjDo-02357-00530600-00530799 and what you can now do is you can this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02358-00530800-00531007 autotuner is simply an mlr3 learning
+t43HG2gBjDo-02359-00531008-00531159 algorithm yeah it behaves
+t43HG2gBjDo-02360-00531160-00531366 it's completely connected to what michel
+t43HG2gBjDo-02361-00531367-00531479 has shown to you
+t43HG2gBjDo-02362-00531480-00531687 so you can run every method that michel
+t43HG2gBjDo-02363-00531688-00531831 has
+t43HG2gBjDo-02364-00531832-00532055 taught you on this thing for example you
+t43HG2gBjDo-02365-00532056-00532135 can train it
+t43HG2gBjDo-02366-00532136-00532414 and if you train this this will run this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02367-00532415-00532583 very complex process here it will run
+t43HG2gBjDo-02368-00532584-00532718 the tuning first
+t43HG2gBjDo-02369-00532719-00532887 compute the optimal configuration and
+t43HG2gBjDo-02370-00532888-00533118 then fit the model on the task with the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02371-00533119-00533270 optimal configuration and this is what
+t43HG2gBjDo-02372-00533271-00533431 i'm doing here
+t43HG2gBjDo-02373-00533432-00533607 you can even now see the optimal
+t43HG2gBjDo-02374-00533608-00533759 settings there that were computed by
+t43HG2gBjDo-02375-00533760-00533799 this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02376-00533800-00534159 uh if you access this here and
+t43HG2gBjDo-02377-00534160-00534462 you can also um do this uh somewhat
+t43HG2gBjDo-02378-00534463-00534543 lengthy call
+t43HG2gBjDo-02379-00534544-00534759 so i guess we should probably create an
+t43HG2gBjDo-02380-00534760-00534935 active binding for this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02381-00534936-00535270 you can access um in this you can access
+t43HG2gBjDo-02382-00535271-00535431 the complete archive again
+t43HG2gBjDo-02383-00535432-00535670 so everything that basically led to this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02384-00535671-00535879 optimal configuration while tuning was
+t43HG2gBjDo-02385-00535880-00535975 being run
+t43HG2gBjDo-02386-00535976-00536359 in the autotuner um or you can resample
+t43HG2gBjDo-02387-00536360-00536447 the thing
+t43HG2gBjDo-02388-00536448-00536879 so you can resample your autotuner here
+t43HG2gBjDo-02389-00536880-00537270 on iris with an outer resampling now
+t43HG2gBjDo-02390-00537271-00537462 and store everything that's being
+t43HG2gBjDo-02391-00537463-00537679 computed and that now really computes
+t43HG2gBjDo-02392-00537680-00537822 nested resampling
+t43HG2gBjDo-02393-00537823-00537983 it gives you access to all of the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02394-00537984-00538135 optimal configurations
+t43HG2gBjDo-02395-00538136-00538287 it gives you access to all of the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02396-00538288-00538434 optimal um
+t43HG2gBjDo-02397-00538435-00538551 [Music]
+t43HG2gBjDo-02398-00538552-00538831 yeah all of the archives here of all
+t43HG2gBjDo-02399-00538832-00538999 outer loops and so on
+t43HG2gBjDo-02400-00539000-00539359 and again um some of these calls might
+t43HG2gBjDo-02401-00539360-00539511 be a bit lengthy in the beginning or
+t43HG2gBjDo-02402-00539512-00539607 hard to remember
+t43HG2gBjDo-02403-00539608-00539814 this is all covered on the cheat sheets
+t43HG2gBjDo-02404-00539815-00539999 um so i guess
+t43HG2gBjDo-02405-00540000-00540303 take a look at the book um to understand
+t43HG2gBjDo-02406-00540304-00540470 the underlying principles or re-watch
+t43HG2gBjDo-02407-00540471-00540559 what i did here
+t43HG2gBjDo-02408-00540560-00540735 and then later on if you just want to
+t43HG2gBjDo-02409-00540736-00540911 remember how you have to kind of
+t43HG2gBjDo-02410-00540912-00541111 yeah all the api looks like have a quick
+t43HG2gBjDo-02411-00541112-00541303 look at the um
+t43HG2gBjDo-02412-00541304-00541575 mlr3 tuning cheat it's one page it's all
+t43HG2gBjDo-02413-00541576-00541679 in there and that
+t43HG2gBjDo-02414-00541680-00541887 i guess the last last parts of the sheet
+t43HG2gBjDo-02415-00541888-00542062 really explain again how you can access
+t43HG2gBjDo-02416-00542063-00542191 all of these results
+t43HG2gBjDo-02417-00542192-00542359 what is being computed here now that by
+t43HG2gBjDo-02418-00542360-00542527 this resample function are the the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02419-00542528-00542670 performance metrics
+t43HG2gBjDo-02420-00542671-00542911 these are guaranteed to be unbiased and
+t43HG2gBjDo-02421-00542912-00543118 proper
+t43HG2gBjDo-02422-00543119-00543303 so let me check how i am in terms of
+t43HG2gBjDo-02423-00543304-00543431 time now
+t43HG2gBjDo-02424-00543432-00543639 a little bit slow but nearly okay
+t43HG2gBjDo-02425-00543640-00543766 michelle
+t43HG2gBjDo-02426-00543767-00543975 did you answer some questions already
+t43HG2gBjDo-02427-00543976-00544279 are there some that i should
+t43HG2gBjDo-02428-00544280-00544622 um yes i answered some um
+t43HG2gBjDo-02429-00544623-00545151 by replying to them um there's one
+t43HG2gBjDo-02430-00545152-00545431 yeah so i would suggest that we maybe
+t43HG2gBjDo-02431-00545432-00545487 answer
+t43HG2gBjDo-02432-00545488-00545631 that we answer all of them now and then
+t43HG2gBjDo-02433-00545632-00545807 we go into the break
+t43HG2gBjDo-02434-00545808-00546159 okay um so
+t43HG2gBjDo-02435-00546160-00546375 first question is um is there a rule of
+t43HG2gBjDo-02436-00546376-00546487 thumb um
+t43HG2gBjDo-02437-00546488-00547207 for the tuning time um
+t43HG2gBjDo-02438-00547208-00547359 well this is actually very difficult
+t43HG2gBjDo-02439-00547360-00547622 question so i mean not really
+t43HG2gBjDo-02440-00547623-00547799 we also have a hard time kind of coming
+t43HG2gBjDo-02441-00547800-00547927 up with perfect
+t43HG2gBjDo-02442-00547928-00548159 termination criteria so i guess many
+t43HG2gBjDo-02443-00548160-00548287 people set this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02444-00548288-00548614 to um i don't know
+t43HG2gBjDo-02445-00548615-00548831 how long they are okay with with waiting
+t43HG2gBjDo-02446-00548832-00548918 yeah
+t43HG2gBjDo-02447-00548919-00549378 um so this i think it depends
+t43HG2gBjDo-02448-00549379-00549599 [Music]
+t43HG2gBjDo-02449-00549600-00549799 right depends upon space how efficient
+t43HG2gBjDo-02450-00549800-00549983 is your tuning technique okay
+t43HG2gBjDo-02451-00549984-00550503 so i could give you i guess
+t43HG2gBjDo-02452-00550504-00550718 some rules of thumb for some more
+t43HG2gBjDo-02453-00550719-00550870 advanced algorithms which we didn't
+t43HG2gBjDo-02454-00550871-00551039 cover here but uh yeah
+t43HG2gBjDo-02455-00551040-00551183 i think that's a bit out of scope for
+t43HG2gBjDo-02456-00551184-00551335 this so i think that really basically
+t43HG2gBjDo-02457-00551336-00551479 depends on your preference
+t43HG2gBjDo-02458-00551480-00551751 um what i would probably do is do it i
+t43HG2gBjDo-02459-00551752-00551879 mean in practical terms
+t43HG2gBjDo-02460-00551880-00552151 i would think about how much time am i
+t43HG2gBjDo-02461-00552152-00552318 actually okay with being waiting
+t43HG2gBjDo-02462-00552319-00552527 with with waiting and then combine this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02463-00552528-00552687 with the stagnation thing okay
+t43HG2gBjDo-02464-00552688-00552951 so for example i would be okay with 20
+t43HG2gBjDo-02465-00552952-00553070 hours of tuning
+t43HG2gBjDo-02466-00553071-00553279 but if it's stagnating please then stop
+t43HG2gBjDo-02467-00553280-00553551 now
+t43HG2gBjDo-02468-00553552-00554103 as well i guess that would be my answer
+t43HG2gBjDo-02469-00554104-00554535 the short answer would be depends
+t43HG2gBjDo-02470-00554536-00554870 okay uh another question uh maybe
+t43HG2gBjDo-02471-00554871-00555175 more on the mlr3 part um
+t43HG2gBjDo-02472-00555176-00555335 what do we do if we want to have a
+t43HG2gBjDo-02473-00555336-00555695 custom implementation of some algorithm
+t43HG2gBjDo-02474-00555696-00556022 um do you mean a tuning algorithm
+t43HG2gBjDo-02475-00556023-00556487 um i'm not sure maybe a learner also
+t43HG2gBjDo-02476-00556488-00556951 maybe you can open the book um
+t43HG2gBjDo-02477-00556952-00557662 yes i will
+t43HG2gBjDo-02478-00557663-00558007 okay
+t43HG2gBjDo-02479-00558008-00558183 so let me maybe start with the learning
+t43HG2gBjDo-02480-00558184-00558335 algorithm so i'm not going through this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02481-00558336-00558462 now in detail right because that's a
+t43HG2gBjDo-02482-00558463-00558614 little bit technical but i'll keep it
+t43HG2gBjDo-02483-00558615-00558695 short by saying
+t43HG2gBjDo-02484-00558696-00558935 it's simple so have a look at chapter
+t43HG2gBjDo-02485-00558936-00559111 six it's about extending
+t43HG2gBjDo-02486-00559112-00559383 so this at least explains to you how you
+t43HG2gBjDo-02487-00559384-00559566 can add in your learning algorithms
+t43HG2gBjDo-02488-00559567-00559759 and there's a template piece of code
+t43HG2gBjDo-02489-00559760-00560022 just use that maybe i guess also talk
+t43HG2gBjDo-02490-00560023-00560055 with
+t43HG2gBjDo-02491-00560056-00560231 us because we have some infrastructure
+t43HG2gBjDo-02492-00560232-00560383 in place to kind of
+t43HG2gBjDo-02493-00560384-00560639 test all of these things very nicely on
+t43HG2gBjDo-02494-00560640-00560751 github
+t43HG2gBjDo-02495-00560752-00560943 and run standard tests on them now which
+t43HG2gBjDo-02496-00560944-00561095 actually helps a lot um
+t43HG2gBjDo-02497-00561096-00561359 with discovering also uh floors and bugs
+t43HG2gBjDo-02498-00561360-00561543 in the underlying implementation so not
+t43HG2gBjDo-02499-00561544-00561687 this connector code but the algorithm
+t43HG2gBjDo-02500-00561688-00561783 itself
+t43HG2gBjDo-02501-00561784-00561975 and also explains how you can add new
+t43HG2gBjDo-02502-00561976-00562166 measures that's even simpler that's so
+t43HG2gBjDo-02503-00562167-00562366 that's basically one or two lines which
+t43HG2gBjDo-02504-00562367-00562511 really look like the formula
+t43HG2gBjDo-02505-00562512-00562727 mathematical formula of the measure
+t43HG2gBjDo-02506-00562728-00562943 and for the third thing for pipe
+t43HG2gBjDo-02507-00562944-00563079 operators so that
+t43HG2gBjDo-02508-00563080-00563295 refers to the third part of the tutorial
+t43HG2gBjDo-02509-00563296-00563543 so how how can you add like
+t43HG2gBjDo-02510-00563544-00563727 operators for pre-processing and so on
+t43HG2gBjDo-02511-00563728-00563879 for feature extraction
+t43HG2gBjDo-02512-00563880-00564095 and we haven't covered how you can add
+t43HG2gBjDo-02513-00564096-00564262 new tuning algorithms
+t43HG2gBjDo-02514-00564263-00564462 i guess we should put that into the book
+t43HG2gBjDo-02515-00564463-00564703 but it's also not very difficult um
+t43HG2gBjDo-02516-00564704-00564887 because the other thing you could do is
+t43HG2gBjDo-02517-00564888-00564999 you can just kind of
+t43HG2gBjDo-02518-00565000-00565335 take a look at what we do in on github
+t43HG2gBjDo-02519-00565336-00565687 so for example we can go to mlr3tuning
+t43HG2gBjDo-02520-00565688-00565935 you can go to the r code and you can i
+t43HG2gBjDo-02521-00565936-00566159 mean i don't know maybe have a look at
+t43HG2gBjDo-02522-00566160-00566318 i don't know maybe have a look at genus
+t43HG2gBjDo-02523-00566319-00566470 a i mean
+t43HG2gBjDo-02524-00566471-00566775 um wait
+t43HG2gBjDo-02525-00566776-00567351 maybe not the best example
+t43HG2gBjDo-02526-00567352-00567670 oh well um no i guess
+t43HG2gBjDo-02527-00567671-00568110 i think that i've already moved to uh
+t43HG2gBjDo-02528-00568111-00568287 yeah that was refactored so if you want
+t43HG2gBjDo-02529-00568288-00568455 a new
+t43HG2gBjDo-02530-00568456-00568679 you would have to add this here i guess
+t43HG2gBjDo-02531-00568680-00568839 in this in this instance it's
+t43HG2gBjDo-02532-00568840-00568999 probably easiest to open an issue on
+t43HG2gBjDo-02533-00569000-00569231 github and just request that
+t43HG2gBjDo-02534-00569232-00569462 but just to show that this is not so i
+t43HG2gBjDo-02535-00569463-00569591 mean we have implemented them here
+t43HG2gBjDo-02536-00569592-00569639 because
+t43HG2gBjDo-02537-00569640-00569879 you can use them that them in even more
+t43HG2gBjDo-02538-00569880-00569999 general sense
+t43HG2gBjDo-02539-00570000-00570303 but this is how the code looks like to
+t43HG2gBjDo-02540-00570304-00570503 connect to an optimizer that already
+t43HG2gBjDo-02541-00570504-00570703 exists okay i mean that's five lines
+t43HG2gBjDo-02542-00570704-00570775 okay
+t43HG2gBjDo-02543-00570776-00571007 and these ten lines are just there to
+t43HG2gBjDo-02544-00571008-00571183 describe the strategy parameters of the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02545-00571184-00571351 algorithm
+t43HG2gBjDo-02546-00571352-00571718 um and you can also have a look at our
+t43HG2gBjDo-02547-00571719-00572039 super complex implementation of random
+t43HG2gBjDo-02548-00572040-00572095 search
+t43HG2gBjDo-02549-00572096-00572270 right which is here which is just
+t43HG2gBjDo-02550-00572271-00572462 sampling points randomly
+t43HG2gBjDo-02551-00572463-00572655 obviously that's also very simple in our
+t43HG2gBjDo-02552-00572656-00572903 so what you can just do is you can
+t43HG2gBjDo-02553-00572904-00573127 basically copy this type of code uh
+t43HG2gBjDo-02554-00573128-00573247 exchange
+t43HG2gBjDo-02555-00573248-00573431 the inner parts with your own tuning
+t43HG2gBjDo-02556-00573432-00573647 algorithm add this locally
+t43HG2gBjDo-02557-00573648-00573839 yeah just load this or source this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02558-00573840-00574007 locally and you would have a new tuning
+t43HG2gBjDo-02559-00574008-00574247 algorithm in ml3 okay
+t43HG2gBjDo-02560-00574248-00574351 i guess if you're doing this for
+t43HG2gBjDo-02561-00574352-00574551 interesting stuff open an issue and talk
+t43HG2gBjDo-02562-00574552-00574759 to us
+t43HG2gBjDo-02563-00574760-00574918 but if the algorithm already exists
+t43HG2gBjDo-02564-00574919-00575087 somewhere it's easy to connect it i mean
+t43HG2gBjDo-02565-00575088-00575151 that's the whole
+t43HG2gBjDo-02566-00575152-00575670 idea behind the package
+t43HG2gBjDo-02567-00575671-00576022 okay any more suggest to first have a
+t43HG2gBjDo-02568-00576023-00576135 50-minute break
+t43HG2gBjDo-02569-00576136-00576479 and um so that i can order the questions
+t43HG2gBjDo-02570-00576480-00576718 a little bit
+t43HG2gBjDo-02571-00576719-00577022 yeah and we're also kind of getting
+t43HG2gBjDo-02572-00577023-00577287 nearly out of time yeah quickly i guess
+t43HG2gBjDo-02573-00577288-00577327 um
+t43HG2gBjDo-02574-00577328-00577575 so my suggestion is we meet in 13
+t43HG2gBjDo-02575-00577576-00577703 minutes so that would be
+t43HG2gBjDo-02576-00577704-00577943 five minutes to seven at least on my i
+t43HG2gBjDo-02577-00577944-00578151 don't know german clock here
+t43HG2gBjDo-02578-00578152-00578447 um so in 30 minutes we meet again and i
+t43HG2gBjDo-02579-00578448-00578575 guess everyone can just
+t43HG2gBjDo-02580-00578576-00578862 mute the microphones um i guess it's
+t43HG2gBjDo-02581-00578863-00578927 probably not a
+t43HG2gBjDo-02582-00578928-00579087 good idea to leave the zoom call because
+t43HG2gBjDo-02583-00579088-00579231 i'm not sure whether you can get back in
+t43HG2gBjDo-02584-00579232-00579318 again
+t43HG2gBjDo-02585-00579319-00579575 um have a cup of coffee take a deep
+t43HG2gBjDo-02586-00579576-00579743 breath i think we already covered quite
+t43HG2gBjDo-02587-00579744-00579895 a lot
+t43HG2gBjDo-02588-00579896-00582483 see you again in 30 minutes
+t43HG2gBjDo-02589-00582484-00582791 gracias so if you are in a
+t43HG2gBjDo-02590-00582792-00583135 gmt minus five uh
+t43HG2gBjDo-02591-00583136-00583447 we'll have we'll be back at uh 11
+t43HG2gBjDo-02593-00659484-00660135 hello right
+t43HG2gBjDo-02594-00660136-00660366 i'm not sure it's not it's very hard to
+t43HG2gBjDo-02595-00660367-00660527 say whether we should wait
+t43HG2gBjDo-02596-00660528-00660839 more or not i guess we just go on right
+t43HG2gBjDo-02597-00660840-00661110 it's five minutes to seven and i guess i
+t43HG2gBjDo-02598-00661111-00661447 can hear your kids in the background
+t43HG2gBjDo-02599-00661448-00661710 and so i answered more questions on
+t43HG2gBjDo-02600-00661711-00661822 slido
+t43HG2gBjDo-02601-00661823-00662103 um and except for one that i don't
+t43HG2gBjDo-02602-00662104-00662231 understand because it's very
+t43HG2gBjDo-02603-00662232-00662639 short um i think i understand everything
+t43HG2gBjDo-02604-00662640-00662951 so i would just now continue
+t43HG2gBjDo-02605-00662952-00663279 okay good okay
+t43HG2gBjDo-02606-00663280-00663582 so um
+t43HG2gBjDo-02607-00663583-00663758 [Music]
+t43HG2gBjDo-02608-00663759-00664166 wait
+t43HG2gBjDo-02609-00664167-00664566 um make sure you can see my
+t43HG2gBjDo-02610-00664567-00664807 just checking just making sure that you
+t43HG2gBjDo-02611-00664808-00665083 can see my oscar you know right
+t43HG2gBjDo-02612-00665084-00665391 yes uh can you kind of read
+t43HG2gBjDo-02613-00665392-00665743 um should i increase the font size
+t43HG2gBjDo-02614-00665744-00665927 if you're good that would be great thank
+t43HG2gBjDo-02615-00665928-00666087 you
+t43HG2gBjDo-02616-00666088-00666366 appearance i can't sure uh so i usually
+t43HG2gBjDo-02617-00666367-00666895 also use
+t43HG2gBjDo-02618-00666896-00667375 and set this to 100 maybe yeah like that
+t43HG2gBjDo-02619-00667376-00667631 yep does that does that work for
+t43HG2gBjDo-02620-00667632-00667758 everyone
+t43HG2gBjDo-02621-00667759-00667951 say okay so what did i do so this is
+t43HG2gBjDo-02622-00667952-00668135 here the second uh post
+t43HG2gBjDo-02623-00668136-00668375 so this is our mlr3 tuning on the german
+t43HG2gBjDo-02624-00668376-00668518 credit data set um
+t43HG2gBjDo-02625-00668519-00668814 like the html output is linked in our
+t43HG2gBjDo-02626-00668815-00669095 material page um i also in the zoom chat
+t43HG2gBjDo-02627-00669096-00669183 i also told
+t43HG2gBjDo-02628-00669184-00669391 if you click on this github icon yeah on
+t43HG2gBjDo-02629-00669392-00669558 the gallery post on the top
+t43HG2gBjDo-02630-00669559-00669855 top right corner you can also go to the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02631-00669856-00670022 github repository where
+t43HG2gBjDo-02632-00670023-00670343 the source code of this the distill
+t43HG2gBjDo-02633-00670344-00670622 thingy uh lies and you can also download
+t43HG2gBjDo-02634-00670623-00670839 the rmd so this is an r d file so i'll
+t43HG2gBjDo-02635-00670840-00670895 just
+t43HG2gBjDo-02636-00670896-00671135 open the r d here in r studios so that
+t43HG2gBjDo-02637-00671136-00671279 makes it easier for me to kind of
+t43HG2gBjDo-02638-00671280-00671543 copy paste the thing into the r console
+t43HG2gBjDo-02639-00671544-00671631 so michelle
+t43HG2gBjDo-02640-00671632-00671862 i think already explained the first part
+t43HG2gBjDo-02641-00671863-00672022 very well right so how to kind of
+t43HG2gBjDo-02642-00672023-00672151 benchmark
+t43HG2gBjDo-02643-00672152-00672470 algorithms on the credit data set so
+t43HG2gBjDo-02644-00672471-00672614 now of course we could you also use the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02645-00672615-00672775 benchmark function to try out different
+t43HG2gBjDo-02646-00672776-00672879 algorithms to try different
+t43HG2gBjDo-02647-00672880-00673039 configurations to see
+t43HG2gBjDo-02648-00673040-00673335 which of these works a bit better and
+t43HG2gBjDo-02649-00673336-00673558 optimize on this but a this is
+t43HG2gBjDo-02650-00673559-00673751 inconvenient right and b at some point
+t43HG2gBjDo-02651-00673752-00673895 it would become cheating because you'd
+t43HG2gBjDo-02652-00673896-00674110 be optimizing on the cross validation so
+t43HG2gBjDo-02653-00674111-00674287 i'll just go through the motions again
+t43HG2gBjDo-02654-00674288-00674470 to show you how to do this with mlr3
+t43HG2gBjDo-02655-00674471-00674558 tuning
+t43HG2gBjDo-02656-00674559-00674751 before i do this let me just set some
+t43HG2gBjDo-02657-00674752-00675087 chunk options just for layouting uh
+t43HG2gBjDo-02658-00675088-00675399 load some stuff and set some seats um so
+t43HG2gBjDo-02659-00675400-00675447 the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02660-00675448-00675614 first thing that's maybe interesting to
+t43HG2gBjDo-02661-00675615-00675751 you is this here
+t43HG2gBjDo-02662-00675752-00676070 so um every package in the mlr
+t43HG2gBjDo-02663-00676071-00676479 3 universe is kind of um operated by the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02664-00676480-00676622 same logging mechanism
+t43HG2gBjDo-02665-00676623-00676975 so we use this log up lgr logger package
+t43HG2gBjDo-02666-00676976-00677183 and you can just always say get lock
+t43HG2gBjDo-02667-00677184-00677375 logger package name and then you can set
+t43HG2gBjDo-02668-00677376-00677479 the threshold
+t43HG2gBjDo-02669-00677480-00677655 so you can for so for example because i
+t43HG2gBjDo-02670-00677656-00677799 will now be calling into quite a few
+t43HG2gBjDo-02671-00677800-00677943 packages right especially i will be
+t43HG2gBjDo-02672-00677944-00678151 calling intermittent mr3 package and
+t43HG2gBjDo-02673-00678152-00678207 i'll
+t43HG2gBjDo-02674-00678208-00678358 so internally i will use the resample
+t43HG2gBjDo-02675-00678359-00678495 and benchmark function that creates a
+t43HG2gBjDo-02676-00678496-00678558 lot of
+t43HG2gBjDo-02677-00678559-00678814 logging output right which is nice if
+t43HG2gBjDo-02678-00678815-00678958 you just do normal benchmarking but
+t43HG2gBjDo-02679-00678959-00679175 which becomes super annoying if you do
+t43HG2gBjDo-02680-00679176-00679358 lengthy tuning runs i'll set this here
+t43HG2gBjDo-02681-00679359-00679583 to warn so i don't want to see this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02682-00679584-00679799 but for black box optimization i'll set
+t43HG2gBjDo-02683-00679800-00680039 the threshold to info so i do see which
+t43HG2gBjDo-02684-00680040-00680310 configurations are evaluated
+t43HG2gBjDo-02685-00680311-00680495 and actually in the gallery post i think
+t43HG2gBjDo-02686-00680496-00680662 this is also set to worn
+t43HG2gBjDo-02687-00680663-00680958 to to reduce output and length a bit but
+t43HG2gBjDo-02688-00680959-00681158 here i guess for the live tutorials at
+t43HG2gBjDo-02689-00681159-00681375 the student
+t43HG2gBjDo-02690-00681376-00681607 so i'll just again skip through the text
+t43HG2gBjDo-02691-00681608-00681783 so first we'll just load a couple of
+t43HG2gBjDo-02692-00681784-00681999 packages so uh
+t43HG2gBjDo-02693-00682000-00682183 that's not very interesting you already
+t43HG2gBjDo-02694-00682184-00682431 know this so of course we load mlr3 we
+t43HG2gBjDo-02695-00682432-00682614 load a bunch of different recommended
+t43HG2gBjDo-02696-00682615-00682766 learning algorithms
+t43HG2gBjDo-02697-00682767-00683014 um we load the tuning package and we
+t43HG2gBjDo-02698-00683015-00683095 load
+t43HG2gBjDo-02699-00683096-00683366 paradox so we can talk about parameter
+t43HG2gBjDo-02700-00683367-00683455 spaces
+t43HG2gBjDo-02701-00683456-00683758 let's also set the theme for ggplot and
+t43HG2gBjDo-02702-00683759-00683855 now we'll start
+t43HG2gBjDo-02703-00683856-00684175 so first of all let's just uh
+t43HG2gBjDo-02704-00684176-00684503 get our hands on the example task
+t43HG2gBjDo-02705-00684504-00684695 of german credit so i'll just load this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02706-00684696-00684831 into the session
+t43HG2gBjDo-02707-00684832-00685047 i will not enable pluralization here on
+t43HG2gBjDo-02708-00685048-00685207 my laptop but if you have a faster
+t43HG2gBjDo-02709-00685208-00685375 machine with more course and just want
+t43HG2gBjDo-02710-00685376-00685566 to run the thing faster just enable
+t43HG2gBjDo-02711-00685567-00685647 future here
+t43HG2gBjDo-02712-00685648-00686047 with plan multi-process um
+t43HG2gBjDo-02713-00686048-00686383 so before i start with tuning
+t43HG2gBjDo-02714-00686384-00686614 i have to of course now specify how i
+t43HG2gBjDo-02715-00686615-00686814 want to evaluate configurations
+t43HG2gBjDo-02716-00686815-00687022 through resampling and german credit
+t43HG2gBjDo-02717-00687023-00687239 data german credit data task is of
+t43HG2gBjDo-02718-00687240-00687366 medium size
+t43HG2gBjDo-02719-00687367-00687558 so very often our standard here is to
+t43HG2gBjDo-02720-00687559-00687758 use 10-fold cross-validation so i'll do
+t43HG2gBjDo-02721-00687759-00687822 that
+t43HG2gBjDo-02722-00687823-00688039 i will also instantiate that so i'll
+t43HG2gBjDo-02723-00688040-00688214 really create all of the splits
+t43HG2gBjDo-02724-00688215-00688510 um so later on because i'll try out
+t43HG2gBjDo-02725-00688511-00688639 different algorithms and different
+t43HG2gBjDo-02726-00688640-00688910 configurations so i'm really make sure
+t43HG2gBjDo-02727-00688911-00689222 that um i will all evaluate them on the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02728-00689223-00689295 same splits
+t43HG2gBjDo-02729-00689296-00689543 to reduce variance in comparison so most
+t43HG2gBjDo-02730-00689544-00689703 of our functions like benchmark and
+t43HG2gBjDo-02731-00689704-00689807 tuning and so on
+t43HG2gBjDo-02732-00689808-00689983 they kind of do this internally so you
+t43HG2gBjDo-02733-00689984-00690214 don't if you forget this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02734-00690215-00690527 i would say in most cases
+t43HG2gBjDo-02735-00690528-00690670 yeah we don't have to worry about this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02736-00690671-00690831 but here just to make sure
+t43HG2gBjDo-02737-00690832-00690975 especially when i want to compare
+t43HG2gBjDo-02738-00690976-00691151 different algorithms i i just
+t43HG2gBjDo-02739-00691152-00691295 um yeah i want to make sure that this is
+t43HG2gBjDo-02740-00691296-00691447 instantiated and we're always using the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02741-00691448-00691622 same splits for every
+t43HG2gBjDo-02742-00691623-00691870 uh comparison and i can even take a look
+t43HG2gBjDo-02743-00691871-00692055 at this so if i wanted to i can see now
+t43HG2gBjDo-02744-00692056-00692270 in the instance i can see the row ids
+t43HG2gBjDo-02745-00692271-00692462 so i can see here for example the first
+t43HG2gBjDo-02746-00692463-00692639 fold so which
+t43HG2gBjDo-02747-00692640-00692935 rows row ids or which observations are
+t43HG2gBjDo-02748-00692936-00693087 in the first fold
+t43HG2gBjDo-02749-00693088-00693439 and i guess if i click here a bit more
+t43HG2gBjDo-02750-00693440-00693679 you can see okay that's the yeah that's
+t43HG2gBjDo-02751-00693680-00693799 the tenth fold and
+t43HG2gBjDo-02752-00693800-00694151 in between all the other guys
+t43HG2gBjDo-02753-00694152-00694455 and as before i will
+t43HG2gBjDo-02754-00694456-00694758 now use a k nearest neighbor method as
+t43HG2gBjDo-02755-00694759-00694983 my classifier for german credit
+t43HG2gBjDo-02756-00694984-00695214 i will use the kk n package that's a
+t43HG2gBjDo-02757-00695215-00695407 nice flexible implementation of the k
+t43HG2gBjDo-02758-00695408-00695543 nearest neighbor algorithm
+t43HG2gBjDo-02759-00695544-00695839 and i'll set predictor to pro to predict
+t43HG2gBjDo-02760-00695840-00695999 always probabilities and not only
+t43HG2gBjDo-02761-00696000-00696262 hard classes hard class labels and here
+t43HG2gBjDo-02762-00696263-00696439 you can also see how i'm setting now a
+t43HG2gBjDo-02763-00696440-00696639 specific
+t43HG2gBjDo-02764-00696640-00696822 constant hyperparameter that i'm not
+t43HG2gBjDo-02765-00696823-00697022 tuning in the beginning at least i set
+t43HG2gBjDo-02766-00697023-00697110 the kernel
+t43HG2gBjDo-02767-00697111-00697487 of the k n method to rectangular
+t43HG2gBjDo-02768-00697488-00697814 um so as a next step
+t43HG2gBjDo-02769-00697815-00697991 we have to now decide which
+t43HG2gBjDo-02770-00697992-00698143 hyperparameters we want to tune
+t43HG2gBjDo-02771-00698144-00698270 and if you don't want to read the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02772-00698271-00698447 documentation of kk and n
+t43HG2gBjDo-02773-00698448-00698655 you can also ask mlr3 michelle showed
+t43HG2gBjDo-02774-00698656-00698766 this already two
+t43HG2gBjDo-02775-00698767-00699070 which parameters exist in k n or for
+t43HG2gBjDo-02776-00699071-00699255 in k cane and i should probably say so
+t43HG2gBjDo-02777-00699256-00699391 you see the k parameter
+t43HG2gBjDo-02778-00699392-00699583 are the number of nearest neighbors you
+t43HG2gBjDo-02779-00699584-00699783 can see um
+t43HG2gBjDo-02780-00699784-00699983 a setting for the distance function so
+t43HG2gBjDo-02781-00699984-00700191 which norm to use so l1
+t43HG2gBjDo-02782-00700192-00700366 or l2 norms manhattan distance or
+t43HG2gBjDo-02783-00700367-00700527 euclidean distance or
+t43HG2gBjDo-02784-00700528-00700822 something numerical in between um that's
+t43HG2gBjDo-02785-00700823-00700855 a
+t43HG2gBjDo-02786-00700856-00701095 double perimeter um you can see this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02787-00701096-00701183 kernel here
+t43HG2gBjDo-02788-00701184-00701358 that's the kernel function that is based
+t43HG2gBjDo-02789-00701359-00701599 that basically weighs the example in the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02790-00701600-00701758 distance computation
+t43HG2gBjDo-02791-00701759-00702031 and whether you want to scale features
+t43HG2gBjDo-02792-00702032-00702191 before you use k n and
+t43HG2gBjDo-02793-00702192-00702383 usually i guess if you know kenyan and
+t43HG2gBjDo-02794-00702384-00702518 from a more
+t43HG2gBjDo-02795-00702519-00702791 algorithm or theoretic theoretically
+t43HG2gBjDo-02796-00702792-00703039 minded course you know that it's pretty
+t43HG2gBjDo-02797-00703040-00703287 good idea to scale features before
+t43HG2gBjDo-02798-00703288-00703487 we use k n and you will also see this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02799-00703488-00703735 later on in our empirical
+t43HG2gBjDo-02800-00703736-00704007 results so of course now i have to
+t43HG2gBjDo-02801-00704008-00704239 specify my search space and i want to
+t43HG2gBjDo-02802-00704240-00704439 keep it simple in the beginning so i'll
+t43HG2gBjDo-02803-00704440-00704599 only tune over k
+t43HG2gBjDo-02804-00704600-00704862 so i go from here from 3 to 20 in this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02805-00704863-00704935 example
+t43HG2gBjDo-02806-00704936-00705135 and i will also tune over the distance
+t43HG2gBjDo-02807-00705136-00705343 parameter but i will only
+t43HG2gBjDo-02808-00705344-00705647 do this in as an integer parameter i
+t43HG2gBjDo-02809-00705648-00705783 could have also used the double here
+t43HG2gBjDo-02810-00705784-00705927 because
+t43HG2gBjDo-02811-00705928-00706247 we can use kind of an l l distance type
+t43HG2gBjDo-02812-00706248-00706318 of metric
+t43HG2gBjDo-02813-00706319-00706679 where this distance is a real value
+t43HG2gBjDo-02814-00706680-00706855 but here i to keep it simple i want to
+t43HG2gBjDo-02815-00706856-00707135 try out the values of exactly one
+t43HG2gBjDo-02816-00707136-00707414 two now as integers so let me define
+t43HG2gBjDo-02817-00707415-00707503 this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02818-00707504-00707783 with this two and now i'll go through
+t43HG2gBjDo-02819-00707784-00707958 this quickly i create the instance
+t43HG2gBjDo-02820-00707959-00708191 as before i've i think i mentioned this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02821-00708192-00708351 now five times
+t43HG2gBjDo-02822-00708352-00708566 pass in the task pass in the learning
+t43HG2gBjDo-02823-00708567-00708791 algorithm pass in the resampling
+t43HG2gBjDo-02824-00708792-00709007 specify your measure so we'll use the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02825-00709008-00709222 classification error to optimize
+t43HG2gBjDo-02826-00709223-00709503 pass in the search space and because
+t43HG2gBjDo-02827-00709504-00709591 later on i
+t43HG2gBjDo-02828-00709592-00709751 will use grid search in the beginning
+t43HG2gBjDo-02829-00709752-00710055 i'll just set the terminator to none
+t43HG2gBjDo-02830-00710056-00710358 so okay let's execute this two and we
+t43HG2gBjDo-02831-00710359-00710551 have seen before
+t43HG2gBjDo-02832-00710552-00710903 how to set up grid search so we use tnr
+t43HG2gBjDo-02833-00710904-00711014 of research
+t43HG2gBjDo-02834-00711015-00711310 i set the resolution to 18 and i said
+t43HG2gBjDo-02835-00711311-00711495 batch size to 36
+t43HG2gBjDo-02836-00711496-00711679 so that might be interesting so first of
+t43HG2gBjDo-02837-00711680-00711799 all what what does
+t43HG2gBjDo-02838-00711800-00712087 resolution 18 mean so what this means is
+t43HG2gBjDo-02839-00712088-00712191 that we are using
+t43HG2gBjDo-02840-00712192-00712375 for this guy here we're actually using
+t43HG2gBjDo-02841-00712376-00712575 18 different values for this we can't we
+t43HG2gBjDo-02842-00712576-00712687 can only use two right
+t43HG2gBjDo-02843-00712688-00712839 because it's an integer parameter that
+t43HG2gBjDo-02844-00712840-00712999 only goes from one to two
+t43HG2gBjDo-02845-00713000-00713199 so this means in the cross product of
+t43HG2gBjDo-02846-00713200-00713431 this space there's 18 times
+t43HG2gBjDo-02847-00713432-00713622 two different configurations so there's
+t43HG2gBjDo-02848-00713623-00713735 36
+t43HG2gBjDo-02849-00713736-00714022 and because grid search is uh
+t43HG2gBjDo-02850-00714023-00714247 embarrassingly parallel right there's no
+t43HG2gBjDo-02851-00714248-00714375 interplay between the different
+t43HG2gBjDo-02852-00714376-00714566 evaluations we said because it's such a
+t43HG2gBjDo-02853-00714567-00714743 i don't know stupid simple algorithm
+t43HG2gBjDo-02854-00714744-00714991 i now set batch size to 36 which means
+t43HG2gBjDo-02855-00714992-00715166 if it would enable parallelization
+t43HG2gBjDo-02856-00715167-00715343 everything would be valued in parallel
+t43HG2gBjDo-02857-00715344-00715470 okay because nothing
+t43HG2gBjDo-02858-00715471-00715639 nothing is sequential nothing depends on
+t43HG2gBjDo-02859-00715640-00715799 each other so what this would
+t43HG2gBjDo-02860-00715800-00716055 kind of enable maximal parallelization
+t43HG2gBjDo-02861-00716056-00716135 yeah
+t43HG2gBjDo-02862-00716136-00716391 so to speak and on my laptop here it
+t43HG2gBjDo-02863-00716392-00716518 doesn't matter because i'm just using
+t43HG2gBjDo-02864-00716519-00716703 one core because it's
+t43HG2gBjDo-02865-00716704-00717239 kind of a small emphasis yeah
+t43HG2gBjDo-02866-00717240-00717607 small laptop um okay
+t43HG2gBjDo-02867-00717608-00717887 and um i can now take a look at this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02868-00717888-00718031 instance here
+t43HG2gBjDo-02869-00718032-00718231 and have a look at the result slot and
+t43HG2gBjDo-02870-00718232-00718366 what i get back from that is something
+t43HG2gBjDo-02871-00718367-00718399 super
+t43HG2gBjDo-02872-00718400-00718622 uninteresting it's just null because um
+t43HG2gBjDo-02873-00718623-00718799 i haven't run the tuning yet okay
+t43HG2gBjDo-02874-00718800-00719199 so it's just empty so we can now use
+t43HG2gBjDo-02875-00719200-00719655 run the tuner with the optimize function
+t43HG2gBjDo-02876-00719656-00720055 on the tuning scenario and if we do that
+t43HG2gBjDo-02877-00720056-00720279 you can now also see here that it's
+t43HG2gBjDo-02878-00720280-00720455 starting to tune
+t43HG2gBjDo-02879-00720456-00720631 and running and evaluating 36
+t43HG2gBjDo-02880-00720632-00720855 configurations
+t43HG2gBjDo-02881-00720856-00721151 um yeah we just have to wait a little
+t43HG2gBjDo-02882-00721152-00721199 bit
+t43HG2gBjDo-02883-00721200-00721487 i guess one or two minutes to see how
+t43HG2gBjDo-02884-00721488-00722151 the result looks like
+t43HG2gBjDo-02885-00722152-00722351 i did test this out before so i guess we
+t43HG2gBjDo-02886-00722352-00722470 just have to be a little bit patient
+t43HG2gBjDo-02887-00722471-00722670 here so for longer runs that come later
+t43HG2gBjDo-02888-00722671-00722766 on i
+t43HG2gBjDo-02889-00722767-00723518 have pre-computed the results but uh
+t43HG2gBjDo-02890-00723519-00723735 i'm a pretty impatient person so let's
+t43HG2gBjDo-02891-00723736-00723951 see how whether i can make it um
+t43HG2gBjDo-02892-00723952-00724262 for 60 seconds is there anything else
+t43HG2gBjDo-02893-00724263-00725283 that we can answer in the meantime mr
+t43HG2gBjDo-02894-00725284-00725455 no
+t43HG2gBjDo-02895-00725456-00725910 nothing new and slow come on
+t43HG2gBjDo-02896-00725911-00726247 okay it's finished so i guess i could
+t43HG2gBjDo-02897-00726248-00726375 explain also the logging a little bit
+t43HG2gBjDo-02898-00726376-00726510 here you see timestamps
+t43HG2gBjDo-02899-00726511-00726670 you can see this logging level so this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02900-00726671-00726927 info right uh you can see here we are
+t43HG2gBjDo-02901-00726928-00727118 optimizing two parameters
+t43HG2gBjDo-02902-00727119-00727318 you can see we also print out which
+t43HG2gBjDo-02903-00727319-00727518 optimizer we use the terminator
+t43HG2gBjDo-02904-00727519-00727679 you can see that we are have to wait for
+t43HG2gBjDo-02905-00727680-00727927 36 evaluations
+t43HG2gBjDo-02906-00727928-00728247 um and here we can now peek into the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02907-00728248-00728391 results
+t43HG2gBjDo-02908-00728392-00728935 so i guess you can see this here
+t43HG2gBjDo-02909-00728936-00729510 okay something is wrong with my what is
+t43HG2gBjDo-02910-00729511-00729766 i don't know i guess i messed up
+t43HG2gBjDo-02911-00729767-00729822 something in
+t43HG2gBjDo-02912-00729823-00729958 our session at the moment so this
+t43HG2gBjDo-02913-00729959-00730151 shouldn't happen so it should be printed
+t43HG2gBjDo-02914-00730152-00730239 out
+t43HG2gBjDo-02915-00730240-00730543 um so this is how this looks like you
+t43HG2gBjDo-02916-00730544-00730622 can see that
+t43HG2gBjDo-02917-00730623-00730918 i now chose k equals nine so nine
+t43HG2gBjDo-02918-00730919-00731070 nearest neighbors and i'm
+t43HG2gBjDo-02919-00731071-00731327 using euclidean distance and this is the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02920-00731328-00731391 optimal
+t43HG2gBjDo-02921-00731392-00731543 classification error that i obtained
+t43HG2gBjDo-02922-00731544-00731735 with this configuration which is
+t43HG2gBjDo-02923-00731736-00732039 uh 25 of misclassifications
+t43HG2gBjDo-02924-00732040-00732366 and as i said this is already a bit
+t43HG2gBjDo-02925-00732367-00732551 biased okay yeah so this is not an
+t43HG2gBjDo-02926-00732552-00732703 unbiased estimator
+t43HG2gBjDo-02927-00732704-00732966 for future performance on new data uh
+t43HG2gBjDo-02928-00732967-00733055 sorry
+t43HG2gBjDo-02929-00733056-00733310 um i also already showed to you how you
+t43HG2gBjDo-02930-00733311-00733503 can um
+t43HG2gBjDo-02931-00733504-00733807 how you can access uh the archive so
+t43HG2gBjDo-02932-00733808-00734183 you peek into the instance you access
+t43HG2gBjDo-02933-00734184-00734366 the archive and then you convert it into
+t43HG2gBjDo-02934-00734367-00734591 a data table with dollar data
+t43HG2gBjDo-02935-00734592-00734879 and you can see here um the unnested
+t43HG2gBjDo-02936-00734880-00735062 parameters that we're optimizing over to
+t43HG2gBjDo-02937-00735063-00735295 k at distance so this is our grid
+t43HG2gBjDo-02938-00735296-00735470 so if you're wondering why the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02939-00735471-00735662 parameters are actually ordered maybe a
+t43HG2gBjDo-02940-00735663-00735766 little bit weirdly
+t43HG2gBjDo-02941-00735767-00736127 so we also randomize the order of the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02942-00736128-00736270 grid search um
+t43HG2gBjDo-02943-00736271-00736551 for some technical reasons and here you
+t43HG2gBjDo-02944-00736552-00736647 see the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02945-00736648-00736918 um classification error in this column
+t43HG2gBjDo-02946-00736919-00736975 so
+t43HG2gBjDo-02947-00736976-00737327 all pretty equal and
+t43HG2gBjDo-02948-00737328-00737703 and again we can plot performance
+t43HG2gBjDo-02949-00737704-00738007 um and here i'm not only plotting k on
+t43HG2gBjDo-02950-00738008-00738055 the x
+t43HG2gBjDo-02951-00738056-00738375 axis i'm also coloring the distance
+t43HG2gBjDo-02952-00738376-00738455 parameter
+t43HG2gBjDo-02953-00738456-00738695 so you can see whether that makes a
+t43HG2gBjDo-02954-00738696-00738822 difference right
+t43HG2gBjDo-02955-00738823-00739007 and on the y-axis i obviously have the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02956-00739008-00739143 classification arrow
+t43HG2gBjDo-02957-00739144-00739343 so you can see here that on average
+t43HG2gBjDo-02958-00739344-00739479 euclidean distance
+t43HG2gBjDo-02959-00739480-00739662 works well a little bit better a tiny
+t43HG2gBjDo-02960-00739663-00739791 bit better
+t43HG2gBjDo-02961-00739792-00740127 um okay so let's make things a little
+t43HG2gBjDo-02962-00740128-00740295 bit more interesting so how
+t43HG2gBjDo-02963-00740296-00740487 how about we now want to search over a
+t43HG2gBjDo-02964-00740488-00740655 larger parameter space
+t43HG2gBjDo-02965-00740656-00740958 so i want to optimize over k
+t43HG2gBjDo-02966-00740959-00741262 um from 3 to 50 and i also want to do
+t43HG2gBjDo-02967-00741263-00741327 this with
+t43HG2gBjDo-02968-00741328-00741607 on log scale as i explained before i now
+t43HG2gBjDo-02969-00741608-00741855 also want to truly optimize distance
+t43HG2gBjDo-02970-00741856-00742151 so this parameter of the distance metric
+t43HG2gBjDo-02971-00742152-00742214 as a
+t43HG2gBjDo-02972-00742215-00742455 true double and i'm going from one to
+t43HG2gBjDo-02973-00742456-00742607 three
+t43HG2gBjDo-02974-00742608-00742870 as a real number i'm also now optimizing
+t43HG2gBjDo-02975-00742871-00743062 over the categorical parameter
+t43HG2gBjDo-02976-00743063-00743287 distance kernel and i'm optimizing over
+t43HG2gBjDo-02977-00743288-00743422 rectangular gaussian
+t43HG2gBjDo-02978-00743423-00743639 rank and optimal and i will also
+t43HG2gBjDo-02979-00743640-00743822 optimize for the boolean parameter and
+t43HG2gBjDo-02980-00743823-00743999 the logical parameter whether to scale
+t43HG2gBjDo-02981-00744000-00744199 features or not
+t43HG2gBjDo-02982-00744200-00744399 so let me define this so this is now
+t43HG2gBjDo-02983-00744400-00744558 four parameters a bit more
+t43HG2gBjDo-02984-00744559-00744783 kind of challenging as a search space
+t43HG2gBjDo-02985-00744784-00744951 and i will also do this log space
+t43HG2gBjDo-02986-00744952-00745135 transformation that i did before as in
+t43HG2gBjDo-02987-00745136-00745287 the slides
+t43HG2gBjDo-02988-00745288-00745647 4k um and because this parameter space
+t43HG2gBjDo-02989-00745648-00745791 is now a bit larger
+t43HG2gBjDo-02990-00745792-00745951 maybe you don't want to do grid search
+t43HG2gBjDo-02991-00745952-00746135 anymore right because research would now
+t43HG2gBjDo-02992-00746136-00746335 exhaustively evaluate everything
+t43HG2gBjDo-02993-00746336-00746599 this might get quite expensive so the
+t43HG2gBjDo-02994-00746600-00746687 next
+t43HG2gBjDo-02995-00746688-00746887 best algorithm if we don't want to do
+t43HG2gBjDo-02996-00746888-00747070 anything too advanced would be random
+t43HG2gBjDo-02997-00747071-00747127 search
+t43HG2gBjDo-02998-00747128-00747366 where we can completely control how many
+t43HG2gBjDo-02999-00747367-00747470 uh evaluations
+t43HG2gBjDo-03000-00747471-00747655 we want to do because it just randomly
+t43HG2gBjDo-03001-00747656-00747814 samples our search space also
+t43HG2gBjDo-03002-00747815-00747966 embarrassing the apparel
+t43HG2gBjDo-03003-00747967-00748255 and then i really have now to set a
+t43HG2gBjDo-03004-00748256-00748383 termination criterion
+t43HG2gBjDo-03005-00748384-00748622 so i set this again to 36 evaluations as
+t43HG2gBjDo-03006-00748623-00748791 before for the smaller search space and
+t43HG2gBjDo-03007-00748792-00749006 i set batch size to 36
+t43HG2gBjDo-03008-00749007-00749310 36 again so that this is completely
+t43HG2gBjDo-03009-00749311-00749814 paralyzed so let me execute this again
+t43HG2gBjDo-03010-00749815-00750118 and um yeah i guess i will skip over
+t43HG2gBjDo-03011-00750119-00750247 this now a little bit because i'm not
+t43HG2gBjDo-03012-00750248-00750383 patient enough to wait again for two
+t43HG2gBjDo-03013-00750384-00750447 minutes
+t43HG2gBjDo-03014-00750448-00750687 so this again now and i did this before
+t43HG2gBjDo-03015-00750688-00750855 in my dry run to prepare
+t43HG2gBjDo-03016-00750856-00751031 the tutorial so you can see here how the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03017-00751032-00751191 result looks like so
+t43HG2gBjDo-03018-00751192-00751406 this has optimized now these uh sorry
+t43HG2gBjDo-03019-00751407-00751606 these four parameters here you can see
+t43HG2gBjDo-03020-00751607-00751766 the optimal configuration here you can
+t43HG2gBjDo-03021-00751767-00751910 see that the classification error is now
+t43HG2gBjDo-03022-00751911-00752055 a little bit better
+t43HG2gBjDo-03023-00752056-00752214 obviously we should have probably used
+t43HG2gBjDo-03024-00752215-00752447 the larger budget um i guess for four
+t43HG2gBjDo-03025-00752448-00752527 parameters and
+t43HG2gBjDo-03026-00752528-00752751 only 36 and you can see the complete
+t43HG2gBjDo-03027-00752752-00752910 archive here are spending
+t43HG2gBjDo-03028-00752911-00753055 again these four columns and all the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03029-00753056-00753255 evaluations and as you can see
+t43HG2gBjDo-03030-00753256-00753455 we're also storing all of the resampling
+t43HG2gBjDo-03031-00753456-00753614 results all of the predictions all of
+t43HG2gBjDo-03032-00753615-00753766 the evaluations you can configure this a
+t43HG2gBjDo-03033-00753767-00753831 bit
+t43HG2gBjDo-03034-00753832-00754031 if you think this waste memory can
+t43HG2gBjDo-03035-00754032-00754206 switch this off but if you want to
+t43HG2gBjDo-03036-00754207-00754391 peek into all of the computed results
+t43HG2gBjDo-03037-00754392-00754551 that's definitely possible and it's just
+t43HG2gBjDo-03038-00754552-00754631 in there
+t43HG2gBjDo-03039-00754632-00754822 mitchell has taught you how you work
+t43HG2gBjDo-03040-00754823-00754943 with these objects and
+t43HG2gBjDo-03041-00754944-00755095 you just have to access the data table
+t43HG2gBjDo-03042-00755096-00755295 and get it out of this
+t43HG2gBjDo-03043-00755296-00755655 um and here again i'm now unnesting for
+t43HG2gBjDo-03044-00755656-00755862 the transformation so if you're annoyed
+t43HG2gBjDo-03045-00755863-00755943 by this k
+t43HG2gBjDo-03046-00755944-00756151 being on log scale you can unnest here
+t43HG2gBjDo-03047-00756152-00756310 and you can see it on the original scale
+t43HG2gBjDo-03048-00756311-00756543 i guess we would have to round this
+t43HG2gBjDo-03049-00756544-00756879 also uh no actually i'm being stupid
+t43HG2gBjDo-03050-00756880-00756943 it's uh
+t43HG2gBjDo-03051-00756944-00757175 i'm being an idiot so if we are
+t43HG2gBjDo-03052-00757176-00757375 unnesting the x domain i have to click
+t43HG2gBjDo-03053-00757376-00757455 here
+t43HG2gBjDo-03054-00757456-00757703 it's just the re you can see here the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03055-00757704-00757831 unness at the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03056-00757832-00758103 um the transformed k on the original
+t43HG2gBjDo-03057-00758104-00758247 scale and of course that's also an
+t43HG2gBjDo-03058-00758248-00758327 integer yeah
+t43HG2gBjDo-03059-00758328-00758647 sorry i misspelled that um and you can
+t43HG2gBjDo-03060-00758648-00758687 do
+t43HG2gBjDo-03061-00758688-00758999 now do nice things again you can um
+t43HG2gBjDo-03062-00759000-00759335 plot with ggplot on the archive
+t43HG2gBjDo-03063-00759336-00759670 so here i'm
+t43HG2gBjDo-03064-00759671-00760079 ah i shouldn't have done this sorry
+t43HG2gBjDo-03065-00760080-00760295 okay i'll skip that so i guess because i
+t43HG2gBjDo-03066-00760296-00760406 should have computed the other thing
+t43HG2gBjDo-03067-00760407-00760487 before
+t43HG2gBjDo-03068-00760488-00760847 and so this actually let me just kind of
+t43HG2gBjDo-03069-00760848-00761047 directly skip to the most interesting
+t43HG2gBjDo-03070-00761048-00761151 part so
+t43HG2gBjDo-03071-00761152-00761487 um here so i've shown the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03072-00761488-00761670 auto tuner again so there's not a lot of
+t43HG2gBjDo-03073-00761671-00761814 new stuff in there so i think the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03074-00761815-00761975 most interesting stuff in terms of the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03075-00761976-00762166 use case here is in the appendix
+t43HG2gBjDo-03076-00762167-00762391 so in the appendix we are running the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03077-00762392-00762566 same thing so i'm running exactly the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03078-00762567-00762662 same task with
+t43HG2gBjDo-03079-00762663-00762870 exactly the same search space and so on
+t43HG2gBjDo-03080-00762871-00763095 but i'm doing more evaluations so i'm
+t43HG2gBjDo-03081-00763096-00763518 actually doing 3600 evaluations
+t43HG2gBjDo-03082-00763519-00763735 so we're increasing the budget by a
+t43HG2gBjDo-03083-00763736-00763855 factor of 100
+t43HG2gBjDo-03084-00763856-00764014 and because you don't have so you don't
+t43HG2gBjDo-03085-00764015-00764166 have to pre-compute this
+t43HG2gBjDo-03086-00764167-00764399 we have actually stored all of the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03087-00764400-00764503 results here
+t43HG2gBjDo-03088-00764504-00764783 in an rds file so we pre-computed this a
+t43HG2gBjDo-03089-00764784-00764839 bit
+t43HG2gBjDo-03090-00764840-00765014 i'm not sure how long this takes maybe
+t43HG2gBjDo-03091-00765015-00765166 about an hour or so
+t43HG2gBjDo-03092-00765167-00765406 and again structurally the results look
+t43HG2gBjDo-03093-00765407-00765479 exactly the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03094-00765480-00765814 same it's just now 3600 but you cannot
+t43HG2gBjDo-03095-00765815-00766031 see very nice effects from this if you
+t43HG2gBjDo-03096-00766032-00766318 easily if you just use gg plot on the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03097-00766319-00766495 archive so here if you can for example
+t43HG2gBjDo-03098-00766496-00766591 ck
+t43HG2gBjDo-03099-00766592-00766791 versus classification error but we
+t43HG2gBjDo-03100-00766792-00767039 colorize points by whether to scale or
+t43HG2gBjDo-03101-00767040-00767079 not
+t43HG2gBjDo-03102-00767080-00767327 and as you can see obviously scaling is
+t43HG2gBjDo-03103-00767328-00767510 beneficial and helps right and this is
+t43HG2gBjDo-03104-00767511-00767631 what we teach to you about
+t43HG2gBjDo-03105-00767632-00767806 what i teach my students for example if
+t43HG2gBjDo-03106-00767807-00767935 i uh teach
+t43HG2gBjDo-03107-00767936-00768151 k n in a university lecture i teach them
+t43HG2gBjDo-03108-00768152-00768247 to um
+t43HG2gBjDo-03109-00768248-00768391 because it's based on this distance
+t43HG2gBjDo-03110-00768392-00768551 euclidean distance function
+t43HG2gBjDo-03111-00768552-00768703 usually it's a good idea to kind of
+t43HG2gBjDo-03112-00768704-00768958 become well scale independent
+t43HG2gBjDo-03113-00768959-00769166 uh if features are measured in different
+t43HG2gBjDo-03114-00769167-00769414 units to scale everything before right
+t43HG2gBjDo-03115-00769415-00769558 and here you can kind of apparently see
+t43HG2gBjDo-03116-00769559-00769718 this right results are much better if we
+t43HG2gBjDo-03117-00769719-00769791 scale so
+t43HG2gBjDo-03118-00769792-00769935 of course i could ah you could argue
+t43HG2gBjDo-03119-00769936-00770127 well i i know this already it's quite
+t43HG2gBjDo-03120-00770128-00770422 should i tune over this you can shortcut
+t43HG2gBjDo-03121-00770423-00770543 there if you know that
+t43HG2gBjDo-03122-00770544-00770751 uh in some other cases it's less clear
+t43HG2gBjDo-03123-00770752-00770855 and it's at least
+t43HG2gBjDo-03124-00770856-00771031 see these toy examples it's kind of nice
+t43HG2gBjDo-03125-00771032-00771183 to see this again right
+t43HG2gBjDo-03126-00771184-00771487 i can also colorize points by uh kernel
+t43HG2gBjDo-03127-00771488-00771710 and here this the picture is a little
+t43HG2gBjDo-03128-00771711-00771862 bit less clear right so there seems to
+t43HG2gBjDo-03129-00771863-00772022 be some patterns in there
+t43HG2gBjDo-03130-00772023-00772247 so in order to kind of make this a bit
+t43HG2gBjDo-03131-00772248-00772335 more uh
+t43HG2gBjDo-03132-00772336-00772591 visible we are now also using geom
+t43HG2gBjDo-03133-00772592-00772679 smooth
+t43HG2gBjDo-03134-00772680-00772927 um so this is my kind of more now
+t43HG2gBjDo-03135-00772928-00772999 talking about gg
+t43HG2gBjDo-03136-00773000-00773335 plot and mlr3 tuning and
+t43HG2gBjDo-03137-00773336-00773639 you can see here these smoothed um
+t43HG2gBjDo-03138-00773640-00773951 lines these average lines um
+t43HG2gBjDo-03139-00773952-00774214 i guess you can see that i guess what
+t43HG2gBjDo-03140-00774215-00774383 you can at least see
+t43HG2gBjDo-03141-00774384-00774710 if we zoom in
+t43HG2gBjDo-03142-00774711-00775143 is that um
+t43HG2gBjDo-03143-00775144-00775439 there's apparently also well there's
+t43HG2gBjDo-03144-00775440-00775614 there's a certain dependence going on
+t43HG2gBjDo-03145-00775615-00775670 between
+t43HG2gBjDo-03146-00775671-00775935 k and the kernel right so depending on
+t43HG2gBjDo-03147-00775936-00776079 what kernel you use
+t43HG2gBjDo-03148-00776080-00776327 different values of k are optimal and
+t43HG2gBjDo-03149-00776328-00776447 there's also
+t43HG2gBjDo-03150-00776448-00776814 well at least
+t43HG2gBjDo-03151-00776815-00777022 a rough dependence also between distance
+t43HG2gBjDo-03152-00777023-00777206 and kernel so from these very simple
+t43HG2gBjDo-03153-00777207-00777375 plots we can now
+t43HG2gBjDo-03154-00777376-00777551 already get a lot of information out of
+t43HG2gBjDo-03155-00777552-00777679 that so
+t43HG2gBjDo-03156-00777680-00777958 scaling seems to be very influential
+t43HG2gBjDo-03157-00777959-00778183 setting scaling to true is beneficial
+t43HG2gBjDo-03158-00778184-00778414 um the distance parameter actually seems
+t43HG2gBjDo-03159-00778415-00778599 to be the least influential
+t43HG2gBjDo-03160-00778600-00778743 and there seems to be an interaction
+t43HG2gBjDo-03161-00778744-00778927 between k and kernel and also
+t43HG2gBjDo-03162-00778928-00779222 well ah to a certain extent not that
+t43HG2gBjDo-03163-00779223-00779375 much actually between
+t43HG2gBjDo-03164-00779376-00779662 distance and kernel um the only part
+t43HG2gBjDo-03165-00779663-00779862 that i skipped here is how to do proper
+t43HG2gBjDo-03166-00779863-00780062 auto tuning and
+t43HG2gBjDo-03167-00780063-00780247 proper nested resampling but the only
+t43HG2gBjDo-03168-00780248-00780518 reason i skipped that is because
+t43HG2gBjDo-03169-00780519-00780735 it looks exactly the same as on the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03170-00780736-00780847 slides
+t43HG2gBjDo-03171-00780848-00781270 and i guess i would stop here
+t43HG2gBjDo-03172-00781271-00781518 with this part and now move over to i
+t43HG2gBjDo-03173-00781519-00781670 don't know in my opinion maybe the most
+t43HG2gBjDo-03174-00781671-00781814 interesting part of the tutorial which
+t43HG2gBjDo-03175-00781815-00782095 would be mlr3 pipelines
+t43HG2gBjDo-03176-00782096-00782510 um um have you confirmed that martin is
+t43HG2gBjDo-03177-00782511-00782647 also already here
+t43HG2gBjDo-03178-00782648-00782870 uh i've chatted with him over metamouse
+t43HG2gBjDo-03179-00782871-00782951 he should be
+t43HG2gBjDo-03180-00782952-00783270 here yeah yes he's here martin is here
+t43HG2gBjDo-03181-00783271-00783670 this is great so um i will now move on
+t43HG2gBjDo-03182-00783671-00783958 to mlr3 pipelines so what i should also
+t43HG2gBjDo-03183-00783959-00784095 say before
+t43HG2gBjDo-03184-00784096-00784318 is that what i'm presenting here in
+t43HG2gBjDo-03185-00784319-00784535 terms of the third package
+t43HG2gBjDo-03186-00784536-00784727 is to a very very very large degree
+t43HG2gBjDo-03187-00784728-00784847 martinsburg
+t43HG2gBjDo-03188-00784848-00785014 and then i'm not the second author but
+t43HG2gBjDo-03189-00785015-00785158 florian fister
+t43HG2gBjDo-03190-00785159-00785487 was another phd of mine so um is also
+t43HG2gBjDo-03191-00785488-00785639 the reason why martin is presenting the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03192-00785640-00785806 use case so i'm kind of proudly
+t43HG2gBjDo-03193-00785807-00786070 presenting his work
+t43HG2gBjDo-03194-00786071-00786310 um and like i said i think this is
+t43HG2gBjDo-03195-00786311-00786503 really at the moment probably the most
+t43HG2gBjDo-03196-00786504-00786766 exciting part of mlr3 yeah
+t43HG2gBjDo-03197-00786767-00786910 um because you can do so much
+t43HG2gBjDo-03198-00786911-00787087 interesting stuff with it and combine it
+t43HG2gBjDo-03199-00787088-00787199 with everything else
+t43HG2gBjDo-03200-00787200-00787566 so okay so what do
+t43HG2gBjDo-03201-00787567-00787766 what is mlr3 pipelines about so it's all
+t43HG2gBjDo-03202-00787767-00787903 about machine learning workflows
+t43HG2gBjDo-03203-00787904-00788110 so we all know that machining consists
+t43HG2gBjDo-03204-00788111-00788318 of a lot more nowadays than just i mean
+t43HG2gBjDo-03205-00788319-00788406 taking
+t43HG2gBjDo-03206-00788407-00788655 i don't know some fixed data set running
+t43HG2gBjDo-03207-00788656-00788799 your learning algorithm on it
+t43HG2gBjDo-03208-00788800-00788943 evaluating it maybe tuning it a little
+t43HG2gBjDo-03209-00788944-00791151 bit so nowadays
+t43HG2gBjDo-03210-00791152-00791591 yes now now we can hear you uh
+t43HG2gBjDo-03211-00791592-00791831 is it better now because i'm actually
+t43HG2gBjDo-03212-00791832-00792039 behind the cable connection so it
+t43HG2gBjDo-03213-00792040-00792318 should be pretty stable okay sorry okay
+t43HG2gBjDo-03214-00792319-00792439 let me start over again
+t43HG2gBjDo-03215-00792440-00792766 so mlr3 pipelines is um
+t43HG2gBjDo-03216-00792767-00792951 well about constructing machine learning
+t43HG2gBjDo-03217-00792952-00793118 pipelines or machine learning workflows
+t43HG2gBjDo-03218-00793119-00793158 okay
+t43HG2gBjDo-03219-00793159-00793303 complex machine learning pipelines
+t43HG2gBjDo-03220-00793304-00793470 complex so it's kind of a modeling
+t43HG2gBjDo-03221-00793471-00793670 language for machine learning workflows
+t43HG2gBjDo-03222-00793671-00793935 and um we all know nowadays that this is
+t43HG2gBjDo-03223-00793936-00794031 pretty important
+t43HG2gBjDo-03224-00794032-00794214 that machining now applied machine
+t43HG2gBjDo-03225-00794215-00794383 learning is about
+t43HG2gBjDo-03226-00794384-00794647 a lot more than simply taking a kind of
+t43HG2gBjDo-03227-00794648-00794758 completed
+t43HG2gBjDo-03228-00794759-00795039 already externally preprocessed data set
+t43HG2gBjDo-03229-00795040-00795199 and running a single algorithm on it
+t43HG2gBjDo-03230-00795200-00795327 maybe tuning it a bit
+t43HG2gBjDo-03231-00795328-00795566 evaluating it and then you're done right
+t43HG2gBjDo-03232-00795567-00795647 the most
+t43HG2gBjDo-03233-00795648-00795839 important steps of applied machining
+t43HG2gBjDo-03234-00795840-00795991 nowadays often happen in feature
+t43HG2gBjDo-03235-00795992-00796062 extraction
+t43HG2gBjDo-03236-00796063-00796303 feature pre-processing feature selection
+t43HG2gBjDo-03237-00796304-00796414 uh data is
+t43HG2gBjDo-03238-00796415-00796639 is quite dirty yeah nowadays you have to
+t43HG2gBjDo-03239-00796640-00796718 kind of
+t43HG2gBjDo-03240-00796719-00796966 do a lot with it um before you go into
+t43HG2gBjDo-03241-00796967-00797095 your ml algorithm
+t43HG2gBjDo-03242-00797096-00797262 especially if you want to achieve
+t43HG2gBjDo-03243-00797263-00797487 optimal or good results
+t43HG2gBjDo-03244-00797488-00797799 and um yeah mlr3 pipelines is kind of a
+t43HG2gBjDo-03245-00797800-00797895 design language
+t43HG2gBjDo-03246-00797896-00798247 in order to allow that to you and um
+t43HG2gBjDo-03247-00798248-00798406 if you want to kind of squeeze out the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03248-00798407-00798631 last epsilon of performance uh
+t43HG2gBjDo-03249-00798632-00798831 if you look at kaggle how people usually
+t43HG2gBjDo-03250-00798832-00798958 win competitions
+t43HG2gBjDo-03251-00798959-00799199 um they often use the second ingredient
+t43HG2gBjDo-03252-00799200-00799279 and that's about
+t43HG2gBjDo-03253-00799280-00799470 ensembling so model averaging model
+t43HG2gBjDo-03254-00799471-00799703 stacking and so on and also this is also
+t43HG2gBjDo-03255-00799704-00799927 possible with mlr3 pipelines but mlr3
+t43HG2gBjDo-03256-00799928-00800087 pipelines actually allows you to do a
+t43HG2gBjDo-03257-00800088-00800158 lot of
+t43HG2gBjDo-03258-00800159-00800366 very complicated things because it's a
+t43HG2gBjDo-03259-00800367-00800470 quite abstract
+t43HG2gBjDo-03260-00800471-00800679 and very general type of well workflow
+t43HG2gBjDo-03261-00800680-00800951 language geared towards machinery
+t43HG2gBjDo-03262-00800952-00801351 so um my kind of running example for the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03263-00801352-00801462 beginning is just
+t43HG2gBjDo-03264-00801463-00801703 simple linear pipelines where we for
+t43HG2gBjDo-03265-00801704-00801855 example do something like scaling of
+t43HG2gBjDo-03266-00801856-00801927 features
+t43HG2gBjDo-03267-00801928-00802143 then we encode factor variables because
+t43HG2gBjDo-03268-00802144-00802422 our ml algorithm can only handle doubles
+t43HG2gBjDo-03269-00802423-00802631 then we do maybe some imputation to
+t43HG2gBjDo-03270-00802632-00802783 handle missing values and then we go
+t43HG2gBjDo-03271-00802784-00802887 into the learner and this is what i
+t43HG2gBjDo-03272-00802888-00803022 would call a linear pipeline
+t43HG2gBjDo-03273-00803023-00803262 and this is what many people are well i
+t43HG2gBjDo-03274-00803263-00803383 guess are pretty happy with
+t43HG2gBjDo-03275-00803384-00803647 but mlr3 pipelines can do a lot more and
+t43HG2gBjDo-03276-00803648-00803870 it can actually work on graphs
+t43HG2gBjDo-03277-00803871-00804151 so how do workflows look like from an
+t43HG2gBjDo-03278-00804152-00804279 abstract point of view
+t43HG2gBjDo-03279-00804280-00804487 so we basically have two building blocks
+t43HG2gBjDo-03280-00804488-00804703 so we have like a computation
+t43HG2gBjDo-03281-00804704-00804951 that's being computed on something and
+t43HG2gBjDo-03282-00804952-00805047 this is what we call
+t43HG2gBjDo-03283-00805048-00805262 a pipe operator this is what you see
+t43HG2gBjDo-03284-00805263-00805414 here as the nodes in the graph
+t43HG2gBjDo-03285-00805415-00805695 so each of these little nodes here these
+t43HG2gBjDo-03286-00805696-00805831 pipe operators
+t43HG2gBjDo-03287-00805832-00806127 takes one or multiple input objects it's
+t43HG2gBjDo-03288-00806128-00806158 com
+t43HG2gBjDo-03289-00806159-00806391 it computes one operation on them and
+t43HG2gBjDo-03290-00806392-00806470 then well
+t43HG2gBjDo-03291-00806471-00806703 it gives out the results which is
+t43HG2gBjDo-03292-00806704-00806879 usually of one object but it can also be
+t43HG2gBjDo-03293-00806880-00807014 multiple
+t43HG2gBjDo-03294-00807015-00807222 um and you can also see the structure
+t43HG2gBjDo-03295-00807223-00807487 here like the connections these edges
+t43HG2gBjDo-03296-00807488-00807958 that um specify in what sequence stuff
+t43HG2gBjDo-03297-00807959-00808047 is happening
+t43HG2gBjDo-03298-00808048-00808247 how these computational steps are
+t43HG2gBjDo-03299-00808248-00808358 interconnected
+t43HG2gBjDo-03300-00808359-00808558 that's that's a control how information
+t43HG2gBjDo-03301-00808559-00808687 flows and if you
+t43HG2gBjDo-03302-00808688-00808927 well combine nodes and edges what you
+t43HG2gBjDo-03303-00808928-00809022 get is a graph
+t43HG2gBjDo-03304-00809023-00809175 in this case kind of a computational
+t43HG2gBjDo-03305-00809176-00809406 graph right and that that graph
+t43HG2gBjDo-03306-00809407-00809606 we call a pipeline i guess we could have
+t43HG2gBjDo-03307-00809607-00809831 also called it mlr3 graphs but uh
+t43HG2gBjDo-03308-00809832-00810239 pipelines is the more popular tool um
+t43HG2gBjDo-03309-00810240-00810479 or i guess we could also call pipelines
+t43HG2gBjDo-03310-00810480-00810599 kind of a data flow
+t43HG2gBjDo-03311-00810600-00810806 modeling or data flow programming
+t43HG2gBjDo-03312-00810807-00810999 language because usually on these
+t43HG2gBjDo-03313-00811000-00811175 not always but most of the time what
+t43HG2gBjDo-03314-00811176-00811455 flows on these edges here is
+t43HG2gBjDo-03315-00811456-00811822 some some form of pre-processed data
+t43HG2gBjDo-03316-00811823-00812031 um so let's now start with the pipe
+t43HG2gBjDo-03317-00812032-00812199 operators how do they work and pipe
+t43HG2gBjDo-03318-00812200-00812358 operators in a third
+t43HG2gBjDo-03319-00812359-00812575 in a certain sense you can think of them
+t43HG2gBjDo-03320-00812576-00812806 as a generalization of an ml algorithm
+t43HG2gBjDo-03321-00812807-00812975 so you've already understood how an ml
+t43HG2gBjDo-03322-00812976-00813031 algorithm
+t43HG2gBjDo-03323-00813032-00813343 look works like right like data goes in
+t43HG2gBjDo-03324-00813344-00813535 and then there's a training procedure
+t43HG2gBjDo-03325-00813536-00813758 and a model comes out
+t43HG2gBjDo-03326-00813759-00813910 and then there's a predict procedure
+t43HG2gBjDo-03327-00813911-00814070 where also data goes in
+t43HG2gBjDo-03328-00814071-00814335 and then a prediction comes out yeah and
+t43HG2gBjDo-03329-00814336-00814462 pipe operators are kind of a
+t43HG2gBjDo-03330-00814463-00814575 generalization of that
+t43HG2gBjDo-03331-00814576-00814718 so that they don't necessarily train
+t43HG2gBjDo-03332-00814719-00814887 models but they do something on data
+t43HG2gBjDo-03333-00814888-00815022 in a certain sense you could say they
+t43HG2gBjDo-03334-00815023-00815239 also learned something on data and they
+t43HG2gBjDo-03335-00815240-00815422 they are objects so they have a
+t43HG2gBjDo-03336-00815423-00815639 constructor again with a nice little
+t43HG2gBjDo-03337-00815640-00815687 sugar
+t43HG2gBjDo-03338-00815688-00815918 sugar so you can use these po this this
+t43HG2gBjDo-03339-00815919-00816047 po function here
+t43HG2gBjDo-03340-00816048-00816214 and you can construct your pipe operator
+t43HG2gBjDo-03341-00816215-00816351 and in the beginning i will use the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03342-00816352-00816551 scale operator as a very simple example
+t43HG2gBjDo-03343-00816552-00816662 because i think most of you will
+t43HG2gBjDo-03344-00816663-00816895 understand how scaling works
+t43HG2gBjDo-03345-00816896-00817279 and now the important thing and
+t43HG2gBjDo-03346-00817280-00817414 what makes everything a little bit more
+t43HG2gBjDo-03347-00817415-00817614 complicated is that
+t43HG2gBjDo-03348-00817615-00817870 this operator it's not a single function
+t43HG2gBjDo-03349-00817871-00817943 call okay
+t43HG2gBjDo-03350-00817944-00818151 so it's not just one function it's
+t43HG2gBjDo-03351-00818152-00818287 unfortunately in machine learning it's
+t43HG2gBjDo-03352-00818288-00818406 always two functions
+t43HG2gBjDo-03353-00818407-00818662 so it's training and prediction so what
+t43HG2gBjDo-03354-00818663-00818831 happens in training so training data
+t43HG2gBjDo-03355-00818832-00818927 goes in
+t43HG2gBjDo-03356-00818928-00819143 we scale the training data so we scale
+t43HG2gBjDo-03357-00819144-00819303 each feature
+t43HG2gBjDo-03358-00819304-00819607 and we transform it into scaled data and
+t43HG2gBjDo-03359-00819608-00819799 while we are scaling the data we also
+t43HG2gBjDo-03360-00819800-00819958 store the scaling factor
+t43HG2gBjDo-03361-00819959-00820199 factors so usual scaling and statistics
+t43HG2gBjDo-03362-00820200-00820375 i mean there's different versions of it
+t43HG2gBjDo-03363-00820376-00820679 one one scaling is subtracting the mean
+t43HG2gBjDo-03364-00820679-00820862 and dividing by the standard deviation
+t43HG2gBjDo-03365-00820863-00821023 for each column and this is what i call
+t43HG2gBjDo-03366-00821024-00821150 the scaling factors here and this is
+t43HG2gBjDo-03367-00821151-00821254 what you could actually call
+t43HG2gBjDo-03368-00821255-00821446 also learned parameters so in a certain
+t43HG2gBjDo-03369-00821447-00821558 sense we are learning them
+t43HG2gBjDo-03370-00821559-00821799 on training data and here we now store
+t43HG2gBjDo-03371-00821800-00821934 them as we store
+t43HG2gBjDo-03372-00821935-00822111 for a learner we store the model inside
+t43HG2gBjDo-03373-00822112-00822366 of it we now store
+t43HG2gBjDo-03374-00822367-00822534 excuse me we store these learned
+t43HG2gBjDo-03375-00822535-00822719 parameters
+t43HG2gBjDo-03376-00822720-00822966 and during prediction something slightly
+t43HG2gBjDo-03377-00822967-00823038 different
+t43HG2gBjDo-03378-00823039-00823334 happens so training or sorry test data
+t43HG2gBjDo-03379-00823335-00823399 comes along
+t43HG2gBjDo-03380-00823400-00823703 it's again a blob of data data table
+t43HG2gBjDo-03381-00823704-00823887 we push it inside of the operator but
+t43HG2gBjDo-03382-00823887-00824046 now we don't learn anything we simply
+t43HG2gBjDo-03383-00824047-00824150 apply
+t43HG2gBjDo-03384-00824151-00824350 this the learned scaling factors from
+t43HG2gBjDo-03385-00824351-00824558 training and transform data
+t43HG2gBjDo-03386-00824559-00824846 again goes out so every pipe operator
+t43HG2gBjDo-03387-00824847-00824983 always has a training function
+t43HG2gBjDo-03388-00824984-00825311 and a prediction function and
+t43HG2gBjDo-03389-00825312-00825638 um there's actually more complicated
+t43HG2gBjDo-03390-00825639-00825775 operators that have
+t43HG2gBjDo-03391-00825776-00826062 multiple inputs and outputs so um i
+t43HG2gBjDo-03392-00826063-00826119 think
+t43HG2gBjDo-03393-00826120-00826303 this type of operator here we call a
+t43HG2gBjDo-03394-00826304-00826430 pre-processing operator
+t43HG2gBjDo-03395-00826431-00826591 so for pre-processing so that's kind of
+t43HG2gBjDo-03396-00826592-00826766 the abstract base class so for
+t43HG2gBjDo-03397-00826767-00826950 pre-processing operator always training
+t43HG2gBjDo-03398-00826951-00827070 data goes in
+t43HG2gBjDo-03399-00827071-00827254 transform data goes out during training
+t43HG2gBjDo-03400-00827255-00827438 and during prediction again data goes in
+t43HG2gBjDo-03401-00827439-00827550 and data comes out
+t43HG2gBjDo-03402-00827551-00827750 but we have more complex operators and
+t43HG2gBjDo-03403-00827751-00827879 some of them are
+t43HG2gBjDo-03404-00827879-00828142 actually either take multiple inputs or
+t43HG2gBjDo-03405-00828143-00828311 produce multiple outputs
+t43HG2gBjDo-03406-00828312-00828638 um all of them i will show later in more
+t43HG2gBjDo-03407-00828639-00828830 complex examples so i don't want to
+t43HG2gBjDo-03408-00828831-00829199 kind of explain them here prematurely so
+t43HG2gBjDo-03409-00829200-00829383 let's see how this actually looks like
+t43HG2gBjDo-03410-00829384-00829662 in our code so we construct our
+t43HG2gBjDo-03411-00829663-00829895 pipe operator for scaling and now we
+t43HG2gBjDo-03412-00829895-00829983 train it
+t43HG2gBjDo-03413-00829984-00830158 and operators because they can take
+t43HG2gBjDo-03414-00830159-00830350 multiple inputs they are always trained
+t43HG2gBjDo-03415-00830351-00830438 on lists
+t43HG2gBjDo-03416-00830439-00830646 so also what i'm showing here is how the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03417-00830647-00830830 thing works as a single computational
+t43HG2gBjDo-03418-00830831-00830887 step
+t43HG2gBjDo-03419-00830887-00831038 later on you really wouldn't do this by
+t43HG2gBjDo-03420-00831039-00831191 hand because you would connect them in a
+t43HG2gBjDo-03421-00831192-00831270 graph okay and
+t43HG2gBjDo-03422-00831271-00831438 in the pipeline and just use that just
+t43HG2gBjDo-03423-00831439-00831575 showing this here you can so you can
+t43HG2gBjDo-03424-00831576-00831711 understand how it works
+t43HG2gBjDo-03425-00831712-00831887 so the training function always takes a
+t43HG2gBjDo-03426-00831887-00832142 list because it can be multiple
+t43HG2gBjDo-03427-00832143-00832334 objects in this case it's just a simple
+t43HG2gBjDo-03428-00832335-00832487 list of tasks
+t43HG2gBjDo-03429-00832487-00832815 and now we train it and now we can peek
+t43HG2gBjDo-03430-00832816-00833062 inside and the output is also again a
+t43HG2gBjDo-03431-00833063-00833230 list because it can be multiple
+t43HG2gBjDo-03432-00833231-00833462 objects and here you can see that simply
+t43HG2gBjDo-03433-00833463-00833646 the output is simply the transformed
+t43HG2gBjDo-03434-00833647-00833703 data
+t43HG2gBjDo-03435-00833704-00833887 so you can see this is the iris task i
+t43HG2gBjDo-03436-00833887-00834023 think most of you have seen this and you
+t43HG2gBjDo-03437-00834024-00834070 can see
+t43HG2gBjDo-03438-00834071-00834295 some weird feature values in here for
+t43HG2gBjDo-03439-00834295-00834470 iris and the reason that these look a
+t43HG2gBjDo-03440-00834471-00834607 bit non-standard is because i've
+t43HG2gBjDo-03441-00834608-00834742 subtracted the mean now
+t43HG2gBjDo-03442-00834743-00835054 and divided by the standard deviation
+t43HG2gBjDo-03443-00835055-00835334 and also each pipe operator has a
+t43HG2gBjDo-03444-00835335-00835462 so-called state
+t43HG2gBjDo-03445-00835463-00835879 and the state contains exactly
+t43HG2gBjDo-03446-00835879-00836038 these guys here so these learn
+t43HG2gBjDo-03447-00836039-00836287 parameters during training
+t43HG2gBjDo-03448-00836287-00836487 so if you look at the state you can see
+t43HG2gBjDo-03449-00836487-00836615 that i have a list
+t43HG2gBjDo-03450-00836616-00836766 because we're using the scale function
+t43HG2gBjDo-03451-00836767-00836999 from r that i i'm guessing most of
+t43HG2gBjDo-03452-00837000-00837223 you guys also have seen before so that
+t43HG2gBjDo-03453-00837224-00837334 always computes this
+t43HG2gBjDo-03454-00837335-00837503 center list or the center vector i
+t43HG2gBjDo-03455-00837504-00837687 should say with the means
+t43HG2gBjDo-03456-00837687-00837966 of each feature and with these scalings
+t43HG2gBjDo-03457-00837967-00838111 here so the standard deviations of each
+t43HG2gBjDo-03458-00838112-00838238 feature and you can peek into this and
+t43HG2gBjDo-03459-00838239-00838407 look into this so this is what we
+t43HG2gBjDo-03460-00838408-00838711 have learned during training and
+t43HG2gBjDo-03461-00838712-00838887 during prediction well again you use
+t43HG2gBjDo-03462-00838887-00839030 your pipe operator you use your
+t43HG2gBjDo-03463-00839031-00839151 prediction function
+t43HG2gBjDo-03464-00839152-00839334 again you use this and up here just
+t43HG2gBjDo-03465-00839335-00839519 created a smaller task
+t43HG2gBjDo-03466-00839520-00839838 um yeah some of the extra code is just
+t43HG2gBjDo-03467-00839839-00840023 on there so i can actually squeeze all
+t43HG2gBjDo-03468-00840024-00840151 of the output on the slides
+t43HG2gBjDo-03469-00840152-00840367 so it's basically just pure predict from
+t43HG2gBjDo-03470-00840368-00840559 a list on the task and you can see here
+t43HG2gBjDo-03471-00840560-00840615 how i'm now
+t43HG2gBjDo-03472-00840616-00840854 transforming this new data with the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03473-00840856-00841095 learned parameters
+t43HG2gBjDo-03474-00841095-00841254 if you want to get a feeling for what's
+t43HG2gBjDo-03475-00841256-00841479 inside of mlr3 pipelines i guess
+t43HG2gBjDo-03476-00841479-00841615 it's actually best not to look at my
+t43HG2gBjDo-03477-00841616-00841815 slides here but to look at martin's
+t43HG2gBjDo-03478-00841816-00842127 webpage and our book um but you
+t43HG2gBjDo-03479-00842128-00842287 all pipe operators again are in the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03480-00842287-00842503 dictionary you can list this so they
+t43HG2gBjDo-03481-00842504-00842695 don't even fit on the slide anymore
+t43HG2gBjDo-03482-00842695-00842854 there's a lot of stuff in there
+t43HG2gBjDo-03483-00842856-00843046 so i guess i'm not going to read all of
+t43HG2gBjDo-03484-00843047-00843151 this out so there's a lot of
+t43HG2gBjDo-03485-00843152-00843311 pre-processing stuff in there scaling
+t43HG2gBjDo-03486-00843312-00843591 box cox transformations pca ica
+t43HG2gBjDo-03487-00843592-00843830 a lot of imputation techniques a lot of
+t43HG2gBjDo-03488-00843831-00844030 feature selection techniques especially
+t43HG2gBjDo-03489-00844031-00844207 filtering methods
+t43HG2gBjDo-03490-00844208-00844551 uh categorical data encoding so one hot
+t43HG2gBjDo-03491-00844552-00844767 treatment encoding impact encoding
+t43HG2gBjDo-03492-00844768-00844887 sampling methods
+t43HG2gBjDo-03493-00844887-00845087 sampling for class balance corrections
+t43HG2gBjDo-03494-00845087-00845223 or somber methods which you will see
+t43HG2gBjDo-03495-00845224-00845367 later on here
+t43HG2gBjDo-03496-00845368-00845599 branching which is also very complex
+t43HG2gBjDo-03497-00845600-00845742 meta type of thing
+t43HG2gBjDo-03498-00845743-00846103 which allows alternative data flows so
+t43HG2gBjDo-03499-00846104-00846279 um there's some stuff already in it's
+t43HG2gBjDo-03500-00846279-00846438 there's feature union in there which
+t43HG2gBjDo-03501-00846439-00846615 we'll also show you later for ensemble
+t43HG2gBjDo-03502-00846616-00846783 construction there's text processing in
+t43HG2gBjDo-03503-00846784-00846959 there data processing
+t43HG2gBjDo-03504-00846960-00847199 and we have some planned stuff for
+t43HG2gBjDo-03505-00847200-00847359 spatial temporal data some auto and
+t43HG2gBjDo-03506-00847360-00847583 stuff and some outlier detection that
+t43HG2gBjDo-03507-00847584-00847799 exists on github in various stages of
+t43HG2gBjDo-03508-00847800-00847942 development but not really
+t43HG2gBjDo-03509-00847943-00848254 in pipelines yet okay so let's make it
+t43HG2gBjDo-03510-00848256-00848423 more interesting let's now connect these
+t43HG2gBjDo-03511-00848424-00848495 things
+t43HG2gBjDo-03512-00848495-00848823 into full graphs so in order to connect
+t43HG2gBjDo-03513-00848824-00848911 stuff
+t43HG2gBjDo-03514-00848912-00849111 the package gives you a couple of
+t43HG2gBjDo-03515-00849112-00849375 operators so the most important operator
+t43HG2gBjDo-03516-00849376-00849607 is this pipe operator here so we kind of
+t43HG2gBjDo-03517-00849608-00849703 created a new r
+t43HG2gBjDo-03518-00849704-00850007 operator and that concatenates different
+t43HG2gBjDo-03519-00850008-00850191 pipe operators in a sequential manner or
+t43HG2gBjDo-03520-00850192-00850407 it concatenates graphs
+t43HG2gBjDo-03521-00850408-00850623 so what this basically does is so in the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03522-00850624-00850791 most complex version you have a
+t43HG2gBjDo-03523-00850792-00851046 partial graph here and that graph has a
+t43HG2gBjDo-03524-00851047-00851246 right hand side so it has a couple of
+t43HG2gBjDo-03525-00851247-00851311 nodes
+t43HG2gBjDo-03526-00851312-00851519 which have outgoing edges which are not
+t43HG2gBjDo-03527-00851520-00851662 connected to anything and then you have
+t43HG2gBjDo-03528-00851664-00851823 a partial graph here
+t43HG2gBjDo-03529-00851824-00852007 which has a left hand side and so some
+t43HG2gBjDo-03530-00852008-00852199 of these nodes have incoming edges which
+t43HG2gBjDo-03531-00852200-00852246 are not
+t43HG2gBjDo-03532-00852247-00852470 connected to anything and these are now
+t43HG2gBjDo-03533-00852471-00852695 connected by this pipe operator
+t43HG2gBjDo-03534-00852695-00852934 in the simplest case you would have just
+t43HG2gBjDo-03535-00852935-00853151 have something like
+t43HG2gBjDo-03536-00853152-00853334 this here we just connect this guy to
+t43HG2gBjDo-03537-00853335-00853503 this this to this and then this to this
+t43HG2gBjDo-03538-00853504-00853623 okay
+t43HG2gBjDo-03539-00853624-00853887 and it also works on more complex
+t43HG2gBjDo-03540-00853887-00854038 partial graphs
+t43HG2gBjDo-03541-00854039-00854223 and this is obviously important right so
+t43HG2gBjDo-03542-00854224-00854415 you can build more complex stuff
+t43HG2gBjDo-03543-00854416-00854695 from simpler elements and then there's
+t43HG2gBjDo-03544-00854695-00854734 the g
+t43HG2gBjDo-03545-00854735-00854975 union operator the union operator is
+t43HG2gBjDo-03546-00854976-00855127 something that's not
+t43HG2gBjDo-03547-00855128-00855295 it's even simpler so it takes two
+t43HG2gBjDo-03548-00855295-00855430 partial graphs
+t43HG2gBjDo-03549-00855431-00855599 and it creates a new graph out of them
+t43HG2gBjDo-03550-00855600-00855799 by not connecting anything
+t43HG2gBjDo-03551-00855800-00855942 and then there's a little helper
+t43HG2gBjDo-03552-00855943-00856111 function that's uh quite
+t43HG2gBjDo-03553-00856112-00856295 useful for example in ensembling so
+t43HG2gBjDo-03554-00856295-00856479 that's called the pipeline replica or g
+t43HG2gBjDo-03555-00856479-00856607 replicate function
+t43HG2gBjDo-03556-00856608-00856846 and that creates copies of graphs or
+t43HG2gBjDo-03557-00856847-00857183 partial graphs and then simply
+t43HG2gBjDo-03558-00857184-00857391 merges them together calls the union
+t43HG2gBjDo-03559-00857392-00857567 operator on them so you have like
+t43HG2gBjDo-03560-00857568-00857791 10 different copies of the same element
+t43HG2gBjDo-03561-00857792-00857934 in your graph
+t43HG2gBjDo-03562-00857935-00858054 which is pretty helpful as you would
+t43HG2gBjDo-03563-00858056-00858327 later see in examples so let's now
+t43HG2gBjDo-03564-00858328-00858646 have a look at uh oh app and
+t43HG2gBjDo-03565-00858647-00858991 of course obviously um i should also
+t43HG2gBjDo-03566-00858992-00859134 mention how you can get machine learning
+t43HG2gBjDo-03567-00859135-00859367 algorithms from mlr3 into pipelines well
+t43HG2gBjDo-03568-00859368-00859438 there's just an
+t43HG2gBjDo-03569-00859439-00859679 operator which is called the pipe up
+t43HG2gBjDo-03570-00859679-00859751 learner
+t43HG2gBjDo-03571-00859752-00859911 and you can put any mlr3 learning
+t43HG2gBjDo-03572-00859912-00860046 algorithm inside of it and then you get
+t43HG2gBjDo-03573-00860047-00860191 this little pipe operator here which
+t43HG2gBjDo-03574-00860192-00860319 applies this machine learning
+t43HG2gBjDo-03575-00860320-00860630 algorithm this mlr3 level and what you
+t43HG2gBjDo-03576-00860631-00860751 can also do is
+t43HG2gBjDo-03577-00860752-00861007 you can wrap each pipeline as a graph
+t43HG2gBjDo-03578-00861008-00861103 learner
+t43HG2gBjDo-03579-00861104-00861327 so that's basically just a little piece
+t43HG2gBjDo-03580-00861328-00861438 of connecting code
+t43HG2gBjDo-03581-00861439-00861623 you'll see this in the examples very
+t43HG2gBjDo-03582-00861624-00861838 quickly so this kind of
+t43HG2gBjDo-03583-00861839-00862103 creates from a pipeline a learning
+t43HG2gBjDo-03584-00862104-00862167 algorithm
+t43HG2gBjDo-03585-00862168-00862391 that's now this makes the learning
+t43HG2gBjDo-03586-00862392-00862559 algorithm out of this complete pipeline
+t43HG2gBjDo-03587-00862560-00862759 and allows you to use everything from
+t43HG2gBjDo-03588-00862760-00862927 mlr3 again on this
+t43HG2gBjDo-03589-00862928-00863151 including resampling benchmarking tuning
+t43HG2gBjDo-03590-00863152-00863311 nested resampling so everything that
+t43HG2gBjDo-03591-00863312-00863487 we've shown to you before
+t43HG2gBjDo-03592-00863487-00863654 so how does this now work with linear
+t43HG2gBjDo-03593-00863656-00863838 pipelines super simple
+t43HG2gBjDo-03594-00863839-00864103 write down pipe operator scale write a
+t43HG2gBjDo-03595-00864104-00864254 pipe operator for encoding
+t43HG2gBjDo-03596-00864256-00864446 and always connect them with this pipe
+t43HG2gBjDo-03597-00864447-00864654 operator here sorry with this with this
+t43HG2gBjDo-03598-00864656-00864975 pipe thing then something for
+t43HG2gBjDo-03599-00864976-00865207 imputation maybe we impute all nas with
+t43HG2gBjDo-03600-00865208-00865334 the medium of the column
+t43HG2gBjDo-03601-00865335-00865559 and then use a decision tree this thing
+t43HG2gBjDo-03602-00865560-00865823 here creates a linear pipeline
+t43HG2gBjDo-03603-00865824-00866007 we're basically done you can now wrap
+t43HG2gBjDo-03604-00866008-00866167 this in a graph learner
+t43HG2gBjDo-03605-00866168-00866454 and after you have done this you can now
+t43HG2gBjDo-03606-00866456-00866503 use
+t43HG2gBjDo-03607-00866504-00866703 resample on this you can use tune on
+t43HG2gBjDo-03608-00866704-00866911 this you can use benchmark on it
+t43HG2gBjDo-03609-00866912-00867087 done you are now basically in the world
+t43HG2gBjDo-03610-00867087-00867246 but in michel's world so to speak in
+t43HG2gBjDo-03611-00867247-00867342 mlr3
+t43HG2gBjDo-03612-00867343-00867542 and you can i can of course i can train
+t43HG2gBjDo-03613-00867543-00867783 it and if i train this for example just
+t43HG2gBjDo-03614-00867784-00867927 to make this clear what happens is
+t43HG2gBjDo-03615-00867928-00868151 training data is pushed inside of this
+t43HG2gBjDo-03616-00868152-00868399 we learn the parameters here we learn
+t43HG2gBjDo-03617-00868400-00868575 factor levels here we learn future
+t43HG2gBjDo-03618-00868576-00868670 medians here
+t43HG2gBjDo-03619-00868671-00868815 and of course we learn our decision tree
+t43HG2gBjDo-03620-00868816-00869038 in the last step and in prediction
+t43HG2gBjDo-03621-00869039-00869279 new data goes in we scale it with the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03622-00869279-00869551 learned vectors
+t43HG2gBjDo-03623-00869552-00869791 we with the scaling factors we do the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03624-00869792-00869975 same encoding for factors we
+t43HG2gBjDo-03625-00869976-00870183 impute data as we've learned it and then
+t43HG2gBjDo-03626-00870184-00870391 we applied the decision tree
+t43HG2gBjDo-03627-00870392-00870742 um some um
+t43HG2gBjDo-03628-00870743-00871087 yeah extra
+t43HG2gBjDo-03629-00871087-00871327 comments on how to practically work with
+t43HG2gBjDo-03630-00871328-00871399 this
+t43HG2gBjDo-03631-00871400-00871599 so obviously you can set hyper
+t43HG2gBjDo-03632-00871600-00871783 parameters of all of these pipe
+t43HG2gBjDo-03633-00871784-00872030 operators so this is a lengthy piece of
+t43HG2gBjDo-03634-00872031-00872191 code but it's not very difficult to
+t43HG2gBjDo-03635-00872192-00872279 explain
+t43HG2gBjDo-03636-00872279-00872559 so every graph every mlr3 pipeline
+t43HG2gBjDo-03637-00872560-00872615 objects
+t43HG2gBjDo-03638-00872616-00872838 contains a list of pipe operators and
+t43HG2gBjDo-03639-00872839-00873015 this list is named
+t43HG2gBjDo-03640-00873016-00873238 so all of these pipe operators have ids
+t43HG2gBjDo-03641-00873239-00873383 so they have standard ids
+t43HG2gBjDo-03642-00873384-00873599 scaling operators called scale but you
+t43HG2gBjDo-03643-00873600-00873838 can rename it you can call it foo okay
+t43HG2gBjDo-03644-00873839-00873999 and then you can access this list here
+t43HG2gBjDo-03645-00874000-00874191 with the id of the operator
+t43HG2gBjDo-03646-00874192-00874367 it has a paragraph set and as for
+t43HG2gBjDo-03647-00874368-00874519 learning algorithms you can
+t43HG2gBjDo-03648-00874520-00874711 access values and set them so you can
+t43HG2gBjDo-03649-00874712-00874870 read them out and you can set them it
+t43HG2gBjDo-03650-00874871-00875167 works exactly in the same manner
+t43HG2gBjDo-03651-00875168-00875487 as for mlr3 learning algorithms so
+t43HG2gBjDo-03652-00875487-00875679 access this list here with the id and
+t43HG2gBjDo-03653-00875679-00875799 then simply
+t43HG2gBjDo-03654-00875800-00876087 work with the param set if you can do
+t43HG2gBjDo-03655-00876087-00876183 that if you can
+t43HG2gBjDo-03656-00876184-00876415 select from a graph each individual pipe
+t43HG2gBjDo-03657-00876416-00876599 operator you can obviously access the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03658-00876600-00876646 state
+t43HG2gBjDo-03659-00876647-00876911 as i've shown to you before and you can
+t43HG2gBjDo-03660-00876912-00877095 read out the state of each
+t43HG2gBjDo-03661-00877095-00877270 pipe operator after the pipeline has
+t43HG2gBjDo-03662-00877271-00877438 been trade
+t43HG2gBjDo-03663-00877439-00877695 and if you set a little debug option you
+t43HG2gBjDo-03664-00877695-00877830 don't do this by default because it
+t43HG2gBjDo-03665-00877831-00877942 would waste memory
+t43HG2gBjDo-03666-00877943-00878223 you can also access the result of the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03667-00878224-00878375 pipe operator so if you do the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03668-00878376-00878599 computation here so if data for example
+t43HG2gBjDo-03669-00878600-00878638 is
+t43HG2gBjDo-03670-00878639-00878911 pushed through the thing right so i
+t43HG2gBjDo-03671-00878912-00879015 guess
+t43HG2gBjDo-03672-00879016-00879207 yeah for example in training if data is
+t43HG2gBjDo-03673-00879208-00879351 pushed through this thing
+t43HG2gBjDo-03674-00879352-00879503 it gets transformed transformed and
+t43HG2gBjDo-03675-00879504-00879703 transformed and maybe you want to see
+t43HG2gBjDo-03676-00879704-00879911 how the data actually looks like how the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03677-00879912-00880054 object looks like especially if you want
+t43HG2gBjDo-03678-00880056-00880230 to debug a complex pipeline that makes
+t43HG2gBjDo-03679-00880231-00880287 sense
+t43HG2gBjDo-03680-00880287-00880519 so set this debug option and then look
+t43HG2gBjDo-03681-00880520-00880638 at not the result
+t43HG2gBjDo-03682-00880639-00880838 and that gives you the output app so
+t43HG2gBjDo-03683-00880839-00880967 what actually
+t43HG2gBjDo-03684-00880968-00881238 is well which is computed for this step
+t43HG2gBjDo-03685-00881239-00881391 which is computed here and then flows
+t43HG2gBjDo-03686-00881392-00881711 into this guy
+t43HG2gBjDo-03687-00881712-00881991 and we can create non-linear pipelines
+t43HG2gBjDo-03688-00881992-00882159 which is i think the most exciting thing
+t43HG2gBjDo-03689-00882160-00882199 so some
+t43HG2gBjDo-03690-00882200-00882438 people already asked in the slider can i
+t43HG2gBjDo-03691-00882439-00882703 do ensembles with mlr3 answer is yes
+t43HG2gBjDo-03692-00882704-00882879 it's actually on this page here how you
+t43HG2gBjDo-03693-00882879-00883054 can for example do your own bagging
+t43HG2gBjDo-03694-00883056-00883127 method
+t43HG2gBjDo-03695-00883128-00883295 so here i'm creating a pipe operator
+t43HG2gBjDo-03696-00883295-00883495 with subsampling so i'm randomly
+t43HG2gBjDo-03697-00883495-00883670 selecting like for example 80
+t43HG2gBjDo-03698-00883671-00883887 of my rows of my training data then i'm
+t43HG2gBjDo-03699-00883887-00884046 running a decision tree
+t43HG2gBjDo-03700-00884047-00884415 now i replicate this three times
+t43HG2gBjDo-03701-00884416-00884630 and then use the type operator for
+t43HG2gBjDo-03702-00884631-00884719 averaging
+t43HG2gBjDo-03703-00884720-00884887 so this would create a graph that looks
+t43HG2gBjDo-03704-00884887-00885079 like this so i create i take this this
+t43HG2gBjDo-03705-00885079-00885167 guy here
+t43HG2gBjDo-03706-00885168-00885375 replicate it three times and then do
+t43HG2gBjDo-03707-00885376-00885583 majority voting at the end
+t43HG2gBjDo-03708-00885584-00885846 it's my own bagged tree so that's nearly
+t43HG2gBjDo-03709-00885847-00886007 a random forest right that i created
+t43HG2gBjDo-03710-00886008-00886230 with two lines of code
+t43HG2gBjDo-03711-00886231-00886646 and if you train this it looks like this
+t43HG2gBjDo-03712-00886647-00886862 and or you can do stacking so here i'm
+t43HG2gBjDo-03713-00886864-00886967 already doing something pretty
+t43HG2gBjDo-03714-00886968-00887046 complicated
+t43HG2gBjDo-03715-00887047-00887295 i'm taking a linear model i'm taking a
+t43HG2gBjDo-03716-00887295-00887470 support vector machine and i'm using the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03717-00887471-00887662 null operator i'll explain this in a few
+t43HG2gBjDo-03718-00887664-00887742 seconds
+t43HG2gBjDo-03719-00887743-00888070 so and i'm not only creating a pipe
+t43HG2gBjDo-03720-00888071-00888159 operator
+t43HG2gBjDo-03721-00888160-00888351 for the learner i'm actually creating a
+t43HG2gBjDo-03722-00888352-00888534 pipe operator for cross-validating the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03723-00888535-00888599 learner
+t43HG2gBjDo-03724-00888600-00888823 so each time i push data in here the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03725-00888824-00889087 thing gets cross-validated so
+t43HG2gBjDo-03726-00889087-00889246 some of you guys already know stacking
+t43HG2gBjDo-03727-00889247-00889407 better and you know that you should
+t43HG2gBjDo-03728-00889408-00889503 actually
+t43HG2gBjDo-03729-00889504-00889807 use cross validation yeah in stacking um
+t43HG2gBjDo-03730-00889808-00889919 if you later on
+t43HG2gBjDo-03731-00889920-00890119 create your ensemble on the predictions
+t43HG2gBjDo-03732-00890120-00890342 so this cross validates this
+t43HG2gBjDo-03733-00890343-00890607 and pushes out the cross-related
+t43HG2gBjDo-03734-00890608-00890767 predictions the same here
+t43HG2gBjDo-03735-00890768-00890959 and this null operator actually just
+t43HG2gBjDo-03736-00890960-00891142 passes data along so this actually
+t43HG2gBjDo-03737-00891143-00891238 passes along
+t43HG2gBjDo-03738-00891239-00891454 original feature values then i do a
+t43HG2gBjDo-03739-00891456-00891551 feature union
+t43HG2gBjDo-03740-00891552-00891895 so that c binds the predictions of this
+t43HG2gBjDo-03741-00891895-00892007 guy the predictions of this
+t43HG2gBjDo-03742-00892008-00892215 guy with the original features so i can
+t43HG2gBjDo-03743-00892216-00892319 now do my
+t43HG2gBjDo-03744-00892320-00892503 second level stacking model i use a
+t43HG2gBjDo-03745-00892504-00892742 random forest what this actually does it
+t43HG2gBjDo-03746-00892743-00892951 doesn't only combine these two things
+t43HG2gBjDo-03747-00892952-00893223 it can now actually combine them in a
+t43HG2gBjDo-03748-00893224-00893407 feature-dependent manner yeah
+t43HG2gBjDo-03749-00893408-00893542 so sometimes in literature that's
+t43HG2gBjDo-03750-00893543-00893734 actually called the gating model
+t43HG2gBjDo-03751-00893735-00894015 gating gated stacked model it's very
+t43HG2gBjDo-03752-00894016-00894223 complex right and
+t43HG2gBjDo-03753-00894224-00894391 that's this code here okay and you're
+t43HG2gBjDo-03754-00894392-00894559 completely free to define variants of
+t43HG2gBjDo-03755-00894560-00894711 this yeah we're not restricting you in
+t43HG2gBjDo-03756-00894712-00894775 any way
+t43HG2gBjDo-03757-00894776-00894967 just use your own creativity implement
+t43HG2gBjDo-03758-00894968-00895095 whatever you want through this
+t43HG2gBjDo-03759-00895095-00895438 mechanism and i guess the last thing i
+t43HG2gBjDo-03760-00895439-00895703 want to mention is branching
+t43HG2gBjDo-03761-00895704-00896103 and branching allows you to control data
+t43HG2gBjDo-03762-00896104-00896230 flow um
+t43HG2gBjDo-03763-00896231-00896423 in a complex graph so for example you
+t43HG2gBjDo-03764-00896424-00896542 might have
+t43HG2gBjDo-03765-00896543-00896807 some type of feature extraction feature
+t43HG2gBjDo-03766-00896808-00897007 transformation and you're not sure
+t43HG2gBjDo-03767-00897008-00897199 whether you should do a or b so maybe
+t43HG2gBjDo-03768-00897200-00897479 you want to do either a pca or an ica
+t43HG2gBjDo-03769-00897479-00897623 to transform your features so you can
+t43HG2gBjDo-03770-00897624-00897799 create a branch
+t43HG2gBjDo-03771-00897800-00898062 um so you can say data should either
+t43HG2gBjDo-03772-00898064-00898246 flow here and we do the pca
+t43HG2gBjDo-03773-00898247-00898430 or data should flow here and we do the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03774-00898431-00898551 ica
+t43HG2gBjDo-03775-00898552-00898879 and if you use this branch um
+t43HG2gBjDo-03776-00898879-00899183 you can use this ppl thing so ppl is for
+t43HG2gBjDo-03777-00899184-00899383 partial pipelines so a small graph and
+t43HG2gBjDo-03778-00899384-00899551 this is basically an abbreviation
+t43HG2gBjDo-03779-00899552-00899775 so you can construct this very quickly
+t43HG2gBjDo-03780-00899776-00899942 um and this
+t43HG2gBjDo-03781-00899943-00900359 gives you a computational element
+t43HG2gBjDo-03782-00900360-00900630 that has a switch parameter so you have
+t43HG2gBjDo-03783-00900631-00900838 a control parameter
+t43HG2gBjDo-03784-00900839-00901007 you can see this here this control
+t43HG2gBjDo-03785-00901008-00901183 parameter branch
+t43HG2gBjDo-03786-00901184-00901399 which you can set either to pca to ica
+t43HG2gBjDo-03787-00901400-00901591 and if you set it to pca data will flow
+t43HG2gBjDo-03788-00901592-00901887 here if you set it to ica
+t43HG2gBjDo-03789-00901887-00902046 data will flow here why is that
+t43HG2gBjDo-03790-00902047-00902279 interesting
+t43HG2gBjDo-03791-00902279-00902551 one with pca and one with ica two linear
+t43HG2gBjDo-03792-00902552-00902630 pipelines
+t43HG2gBjDo-03793-00902631-00902807 why do we need this complicated thing
+t43HG2gBjDo-03794-00902808-00903023 here if you construct it like this
+t43HG2gBjDo-03795-00903024-00903246 you will now have a hyper parameter that
+t43HG2gBjDo-03796-00903247-00903367 controls
+t43HG2gBjDo-03797-00903368-00903638 which preprocessing is executed which
+t43HG2gBjDo-03798-00903639-00903815 means because it's hyperparameter
+t43HG2gBjDo-03799-00903816-00903975 you can have automl and hyperparameter
+t43HG2gBjDo-03800-00903976-00904151 tuning techniques
+t43HG2gBjDo-03801-00904152-00904367 um figure it out automatically what
+t43HG2gBjDo-03802-00904368-00904534 works best and you can have it figure it
+t43HG2gBjDo-03803-00904535-00904615 out automatically
+t43HG2gBjDo-03804-00904616-00904895 even what works best with what learning
+t43HG2gBjDo-03805-00904895-00905046 algorithm and so on so
+t43HG2gBjDo-03806-00905047-00905191 branching is actually very nice
+t43HG2gBjDo-03807-00905192-00905462 mechanism to create complex automl
+t43HG2gBjDo-03808-00905464-00905759 systems from scratch in mlr3 pipelines
+t43HG2gBjDo-03809-00905760-00905927 and i have a gallery post online
+t43HG2gBjDo-03810-00905928-00906151 that describes this in a bit more detail
+t43HG2gBjDo-03811-00906152-00906470 than i when i can do here in this talk
+t43HG2gBjDo-03812-00906471-00906695 i will skip some stuff now here which
+t43HG2gBjDo-03813-00906695-00906838 shows how you can actually target
+t43HG2gBjDo-03814-00906839-00906975 specific columns
+t43HG2gBjDo-03815-00906976-00907142 with pipe operators so every pipe
+t43HG2gBjDo-03816-00907143-00907311 operator can be restricted
+t43HG2gBjDo-03817-00907312-00907615 to certain column subsets yeah for
+t43HG2gBjDo-03818-00907616-00907815 example by using patterns of ids for
+t43HG2gBjDo-03819-00907816-00907911 columns or
+t43HG2gBjDo-03820-00907912-00908103 saying i only want to apply this to to
+t43HG2gBjDo-03821-00908104-00908270 real valued columns only to factor
+t43HG2gBjDo-03822-00908271-00908430 columns that's all possible it's very
+t43HG2gBjDo-03823-00908431-00908575 simple
+t43HG2gBjDo-03824-00908576-00908895 um yeah i have also um
+t43HG2gBjDo-03825-00908895-00909879 [Music]
+t43HG2gBjDo-03826-00909879-00910230 can you hear me again
+t43HG2gBjDo-03827-00910231-00910542 yes it's working again nice
+t43HG2gBjDo-03828-00910543-00911079 okay yes but you dropped it first
+t43HG2gBjDo-03829-00911079-00911470 fought for 20 minutes right
+t43HG2gBjDo-03830-00911471-00911687 for a few seconds i dropped out for how
+t43HG2gBjDo-03831-00911687-00911775 long
+t43HG2gBjDo-03832-00911776-00912030 okay okay i guess few seconds are okay
+t43HG2gBjDo-03833-00912031-00912095 um
+t43HG2gBjDo-03834-00912095-00912407 so most of this in this summary i've
+t43HG2gBjDo-03835-00912408-00912662 already shown before so we have
+t43HG2gBjDo-03836-00912664-00912911 uh abbreviations for certain patterns
+t43HG2gBjDo-03837-00912912-00913007 and pipelines
+t43HG2gBjDo-03838-00913008-00913367 so this is this ppl thing so um
+t43HG2gBjDo-03839-00913368-00913583 this actually yeah creates partial
+t43HG2gBjDo-03840-00913584-00913895 graphs we haven't
+t43HG2gBjDo-03841-00913895-00914175 compiled many of these things but we'll
+t43HG2gBjDo-03842-00914176-00914367 add more and more sugar elements so you
+t43HG2gBjDo-03843-00914368-00914534 don't have to create
+t43HG2gBjDo-03844-00914535-00914807 like certain elements from scratch so
+t43HG2gBjDo-03845-00914808-00914983 certain things that everyone always
+t43HG2gBjDo-03846-00914984-00915062 wants to use
+t43HG2gBjDo-03847-00915064-00915367 will kind of store in the package so you
+t43HG2gBjDo-03848-00915368-00915542 get these partial graphs and can
+t43HG2gBjDo-03849-00915543-00915670 directly work on them
+t43HG2gBjDo-03850-00915671-00915799 so at the moment we have stuff for
+t43HG2gBjDo-03851-00915800-00915975 example for class balancing and
+t43HG2gBjDo-03852-00915976-00916430 chunking and other stuff um
+t43HG2gBjDo-03853-00916431-00916775 and yeah i guess i'll keep this now very
+t43HG2gBjDo-03854-00916776-00916975 short because i'm probably already a lot
+t43HG2gBjDo-03855-00916976-00917119 out of time so you can
+t43HG2gBjDo-03856-00917120-00917303 i already said you can do a lot of nice
+t43HG2gBjDo-03857-00917304-00917607 things with mlr 3 for automl so
+t43HG2gBjDo-03858-00917608-00917838 you can kind of also see mlr 3 pipelines
+t43HG2gBjDo-03859-00917839-00917975 as a design language
+t43HG2gBjDo-03860-00917976-00918175 to build automl systems we are also
+t43HG2gBjDo-03861-00918176-00918415 ourselves very interested in doing that
+t43HG2gBjDo-03862-00918416-00918703 so um you can actually now create
+t43HG2gBjDo-03863-00918704-00918967 difficult structures and then
+t43HG2gBjDo-03864-00918968-00919230 have your hyper parameter optimizer
+t43HG2gBjDo-03865-00919231-00919319 figure out
+t43HG2gBjDo-03866-00919320-00919527 what works best so very often you want
+t43HG2gBjDo-03867-00919528-00919679 to construct stuff like that so
+t43HG2gBjDo-03868-00919679-00919830 different pre-processing methods with
+t43HG2gBjDo-03869-00919831-00919959 different hyper parameters
+t43HG2gBjDo-03870-00919960-00920103 different machinery algorithms with
+t43HG2gBjDo-03871-00920104-00920342 different hyperparameters uh
+t43HG2gBjDo-03872-00920343-00920519 different feature extraction methods you
+t43HG2gBjDo-03873-00920520-00920695 can use branching yeah
+t43HG2gBjDo-03874-00920695-00920903 to kind of say either that or that or
+t43HG2gBjDo-03875-00920904-00921070 that and all of these things have
+t43HG2gBjDo-03876-00921071-00921238 hyperparameters and at the end
+t43HG2gBjDo-03877-00921239-00921462 you get a kind of a joint space of all
+t43HG2gBjDo-03878-00921464-00921599 pipe parameters of this
+t43HG2gBjDo-03879-00921600-00921846 pipeline and any tuner cannot work on
+t43HG2gBjDo-03880-00921847-00921983 this yeah so you can
+t43HG2gBjDo-03881-00921984-00922151 work with random search or grid search
+t43HG2gBjDo-03882-00922152-00922327 on this but obviously for these more
+t43HG2gBjDo-03883-00922328-00922438 complex things
+t43HG2gBjDo-03884-00922439-00922575 you would probably want to use something
+t43HG2gBjDo-03885-00922576-00922679 more efficient like bayesian
+t43HG2gBjDo-03886-00922679-00922862 optimization and so on to speed up the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03887-00922864-00922934 process
+t43HG2gBjDo-03888-00922935-00923191 in these high dimensional tuning spaces
+t43HG2gBjDo-03889-00923192-00923270 but
+t43HG2gBjDo-03890-00923271-00923495 it from a conceptual point of view it's
+t43HG2gBjDo-03891-00923495-00923583 not different
+t43HG2gBjDo-03892-00923584-00923734 than what i've shown to you before in
+t43HG2gBjDo-03893-00923735-00924038 tuning and maybe let me directly go to
+t43HG2gBjDo-03894-00924039-00924111 the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03895-00924112-00924423 example here say i guess hopefully that
+t43HG2gBjDo-03896-00924424-00924503 convinces you
+t43HG2gBjDo-03897-00924504-00924670 that you can do pretty cool stuff with
+t43HG2gBjDo-03898-00924671-00924846 this so what i'm doing here is i'm
+t43HG2gBjDo-03899-00924847-00925046 basically writing down this so there's
+t43HG2gBjDo-03900-00925047-00925246 also a nice plotting function
+t43HG2gBjDo-03901-00925247-00925519 for um pipe lines in the package so i'm
+t43HG2gBjDo-03902-00925520-00925599 writing down
+t43HG2gBjDo-03903-00925600-00925815 something where i do either pca for
+t43HG2gBjDo-03904-00925816-00925919 feature extraction
+t43HG2gBjDo-03905-00925920-00926230 or nothing okay so i i stay with your
+t43HG2gBjDo-03906-00926231-00926351 original features
+t43HG2gBjDo-03907-00926352-00926615 then i do a feature filter i do anova to
+t43HG2gBjDo-03908-00926616-00926742 filter down my potentially high
+t43HG2gBjDo-03909-00926743-00926903 dimension data
+t43HG2gBjDo-03910-00926904-00927183 structure then i do branching again and
+t43HG2gBjDo-03911-00927184-00927359 i either use a support vector machine i
+t43HG2gBjDo-03912-00927360-00927527 use gradient boosting or use a random
+t43HG2gBjDo-03913-00927528-00927638 forest
+t43HG2gBjDo-03914-00927639-00927951 and then i'm done and and in order to
+t43HG2gBjDo-03915-00927952-00928215 specify this pipeline
+t43HG2gBjDo-03916-00928216-00928399 for the complete thing this is the code
+t43HG2gBjDo-03917-00928400-00928575 you have to write branching
+t43HG2gBjDo-03918-00928576-00928854 for pca your feature filter for anova
+t43HG2gBjDo-03919-00928856-00928934 filtering
+t43HG2gBjDo-03920-00928935-00929127 branching for the three learning
+t43HG2gBjDo-03921-00929128-00929238 algorithms with
+t43HG2gBjDo-03922-00929239-00929495 some ids here that i manually define and
+t43HG2gBjDo-03923-00929495-00929734 some static variables that i define
+t43HG2gBjDo-03924-00929735-00929975 and then these three partial graphs i
+t43HG2gBjDo-03925-00929976-00930095 simply pipe together
+t43HG2gBjDo-03926-00930095-00930279 to my complete graph i put it in the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03927-00930279-00930519 graph learner i am now an mlr3
+t43HG2gBjDo-03928-00930520-00930742 in the mlr3 world and i can also use
+t43HG2gBjDo-03929-00930743-00930895 mlr3 tuning on this
+t43HG2gBjDo-03930-00930895-00931095 and i specifically now want to use mlr3
+t43HG2gBjDo-03931-00931095-00931279 tuning on this so i can write down a
+t43HG2gBjDo-03932-00931279-00931454 very very lengthy parameter
+t43HG2gBjDo-03933-00931456-00931775 set i can do i can say which
+t43HG2gBjDo-03934-00931776-00932167 feature extraction i want to use i can
+t43HG2gBjDo-03935-00932168-00932454 tune the parameters of my anova filter
+t43HG2gBjDo-03936-00932456-00932646 of my random forest of gradient boosting
+t43HG2gBjDo-03937-00932647-00932815 of the support vector machine
+t43HG2gBjDo-03938-00932816-00933015 i can add actually dependencies in there
+t43HG2gBjDo-03939-00933016-00933207 for hierarchical space i can do
+t43HG2gBjDo-03940-00933208-00933534 feature trends parameter transformations
+t43HG2gBjDo-03941-00933535-00933703 okay this is potentially a bit more
+t43HG2gBjDo-03942-00933704-00933862 complex but this is very powerful
+t43HG2gBjDo-03943-00933864-00934070 so if you kind of see these two slides
+t43HG2gBjDo-03944-00934071-00934303 together they've kind of defined a
+t43HG2gBjDo-03945-00934304-00934623 pretty complex automated system already
+t43HG2gBjDo-03946-00934624-00934767 and this is the hyper perimeter tuning
+t43HG2gBjDo-03947-00934768-00935023 for everything okay so
+t43HG2gBjDo-03948-00935024-00935167 okay that probably takes a few minutes
+t43HG2gBjDo-03949-00935168-00935399 to come up with this but this is
+t43HG2gBjDo-03950-00935400-00935630 it's two pages of code and this does
+t43HG2gBjDo-03951-00935631-00935775 something pretty cool you can fully
+t43HG2gBjDo-03952-00935776-00935879 parallelize this
+t43HG2gBjDo-03953-00935879-00936127 you can do nested resampling on this and
+t43HG2gBjDo-03954-00936128-00936238 you can change it
+t43HG2gBjDo-03955-00936239-00936567 as much as you want and yeah it's super
+t43HG2gBjDo-03956-00936568-00936870 definable and flexible and i know i was
+t43HG2gBjDo-03957-00936871-00936959 probably not
+t43HG2gBjDo-03958-00936960-00937199 fast enough so apologies to martin but
+t43HG2gBjDo-03959-00937200-00937327 this ends my
+t43HG2gBjDo-03960-00937328-00937662 presentation here and i would now
+t43HG2gBjDo-03961-00937664-00938007 mute myself marty and that is the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03962-00938008-00938159 beginning of my presentation
+t43HG2gBjDo-03963-00938160-00938542 i guess i still need to share my screen
+t43HG2gBjDo-03964-00938543-00938895 see if this works desktop 2
+t43HG2gBjDo-03965-00938895-00939391 and share you can see my screen
+t43HG2gBjDo-03966-00939392-00939799 great yes so we've seen that ml3
+t43HG2gBjDo-03967-00939800-00940054 pipeline says
+t43HG2gBjDo-03968-00940056-00940230 can do a lot of things and you can go
+t43HG2gBjDo-03969-00940231-00940415 full out and have like stacking
+t43HG2gBjDo-03970-00940416-00940679 and alternative path branching and so on
+t43HG2gBjDo-03971-00940679-00940759 one of the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03972-00940760-00940879 first reasons why you would need
+t43HG2gBjDo-03973-00940879-00941095 pipelines though is pre-processing
+t43HG2gBjDo-03974-00941095-00941295 and pre-processing you have to do when
+t43HG2gBjDo-03975-00941295-00941446 you're when your data is
+t43HG2gBjDo-03976-00941447-00941646 in some way broken or you learn like
+t43HG2gBjDo-03977-00941647-00941783 your learning algorithm cannot really
+t43HG2gBjDo-03978-00941784-00941927 work with it
+t43HG2gBjDo-03979-00941928-00942223 and you need to adjust it to make it
+t43HG2gBjDo-03980-00942224-00942430 compatible with your data
+t43HG2gBjDo-03981-00942431-00942742 so this this is one step before you do
+t43HG2gBjDo-03982-00942743-00942927 pre-processing to actually enhance your
+t43HG2gBjDo-03983-00942928-00942999 features
+t43HG2gBjDo-03984-00943000-00943270 where you want to extract something here
+t43HG2gBjDo-03985-00943271-00943319 in this
+t43HG2gBjDo-03986-00943320-00943551 um example i'm showing we're working
+t43HG2gBjDo-03987-00943552-00943638 with data
+t43HG2gBjDo-03988-00943639-00943783 but it's not really working with the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03989-00943784-00943911 machine learning algorithm we want to
+t43HG2gBjDo-03990-00943912-00944054 use
+t43HG2gBjDo-03991-00944056-00944375 so this this example you can also
+t43HG2gBjDo-03992-00944376-00944687 see online so we
+t43HG2gBjDo-03993-00944687-00944895 um as you will probably also get the
+t43HG2gBjDo-03994-00944895-00945007 link there's
+t43HG2gBjDo-03995-00945008-00945238 this page for everything this is already
+t43HG2gBjDo-03996-00945239-00945319 rendered
+t43HG2gBjDo-03997-00945320-00945759 and you can also follow follow the code
+t43HG2gBjDo-03998-00945760-00946030 so what's happening here is but we are
+t43HG2gBjDo-03999-00946031-00946167 still using the german credit data that
+t43HG2gBjDo-04000-00946168-00946287 you've seen before
+t43HG2gBjDo-04001-00946287-00946470 but in this code block that you don't
+t43HG2gBjDo-04002-00946471-00946591 really need to understand everything
+t43HG2gBjDo-04003-00946592-00946687 that's happening here is that we're
+t43HG2gBjDo-04004-00946687-00946919 introducing missing values
+t43HG2gBjDo-04005-00946920-00947199 so we're setting some of our data to in
+t43HG2gBjDo-04006-00947200-00947359 a
+t43HG2gBjDo-04007-00947360-00947662 so if we look at our our task now
+t43HG2gBjDo-04008-00947664-00948023 so the task we have created this
+t43HG2gBjDo-04009-00948024-00948367 has missing values now i'm also
+t43HG2gBjDo-04010-00948368-00948734 going to initialize some some seed in a
+t43HG2gBjDo-04011-00948735-00948887 resuming instance so when we compare
+t43HG2gBjDo-04012-00948887-00948951 stuff
+t43HG2gBjDo-04013-00948952-00949295 we get a fair comparison
+t43HG2gBjDo-04014-00949295-00949623 so let's start with mlr three pipelines
+t43HG2gBjDo-04015-00949624-00949959 so we've seen the um quite a few pipe
+t43HG2gBjDo-04016-00949960-00950111 operations or pipe ops
+t43HG2gBjDo-04017-00950112-00950383 question is which ones do we have and we
+t43HG2gBjDo-04018-00950384-00950654 can just ask the mlr pipe ops dictionary
+t43HG2gBjDo-04019-00950656-00950838 which is the dictionary that lists
+t43HG2gBjDo-04020-00950839-00951046 basically all of them
+t43HG2gBjDo-04021-00951047-00951295 or if we if we're in a hurry we can also
+t43HG2gBjDo-04022-00951295-00951359 just write
+t43HG2gBjDo-04023-00951360-00951703 po parentheses because this one just
+t43HG2gBjDo-04024-00951704-00952070 prints us a dictionary
+t43HG2gBjDo-04025-00952071-00952375 so let's start with this
+t43HG2gBjDo-04026-00952376-00952703 we have a learning algorithm that we
+t43HG2gBjDo-04027-00952704-00952823 want to
+t43HG2gBjDo-04028-00952824-00953015 use in this case the ranger random
+t43HG2gBjDo-04029-00953016-00953199 forest and we want to train it on our
+t43HG2gBjDo-04030-00953200-00953254 task
+t43HG2gBjDo-04031-00953256-00953503 but once we do this we get an error
+t43HG2gBjDo-04032-00953504-00953559 message
+t43HG2gBjDo-04033-00953560-00953862 so there's missing data and our our
+t43HG2gBjDo-04034-00953864-00954054 learner cannot handle this
+t43HG2gBjDo-04035-00954056-00954254 so now we ask ourselves what are we
+t43HG2gBjDo-04036-00954256-00954407 going to do we can just
+t43HG2gBjDo-04037-00954408-00954719 impute so we can ask our
+t43HG2gBjDo-04038-00954720-00954911 dictionary of possible operations that
+t43HG2gBjDo-04039-00954912-00955062 we have stored somewhere
+t43HG2gBjDo-04040-00955064-00955311 what so what which ones of like of you
+t43HG2gBjDo-04041-00955312-00955479 can we use for computation
+t43HG2gBjDo-04042-00955479-00955742 and here it gives us a list we have we
+t43HG2gBjDo-04043-00955743-00955830 can cons
+t43HG2gBjDo-04044-00955831-00956127 into the constant value or with a mode
+t43HG2gBjDo-04045-00956128-00956415 or out of range
+t43HG2gBjDo-04046-00956416-00956646 you would have to look at these maybe if
+t43HG2gBjDo-04047-00956647-00956791 you if you want to make an educated
+t43HG2gBjDo-04048-00956792-00956879 decision
+t43HG2gBjDo-04049-00956879-00957054 and the way you do this is that you ask
+t43HG2gBjDo-04050-00957056-00957207 your help so you ask
+t43HG2gBjDo-04051-00957208-00957599 question mark um mlr
+t43HG2gBjDo-04052-00957600-00957854 pipe ops and then impute test for
+t43HG2gBjDo-04053-00957856-00958223 example
+t43HG2gBjDo-04054-00958224-00958511 so in our studio this opens a very nice
+t43HG2gBjDo-04055-00958512-00958638 browser help page
+t43HG2gBjDo-04056-00958639-00958983 and this explains to us what it does
+t43HG2gBjDo-04057-00958984-00959191 what are the parameters that we can set
+t43HG2gBjDo-04058-00959192-00959303 during construction
+t43HG2gBjDo-04059-00959304-00959511 and and everything we might want to know
+t43HG2gBjDo-04060-00959512-00959807 about it
+t43HG2gBjDo-04061-00959808-00959991 so here we're using the out of range
+t43HG2gBjDo-04062-00959992-00960134 computer
+t43HG2gBjDo-04063-00960135-00960359 so this one we also get with this quick
+t43HG2gBjDo-04064-00960360-00960479 access function that ben already
+t43HG2gBjDo-04065-00960479-00960542 mentioned
+t43HG2gBjDo-04066-00960543-00960783 so we just say okay type up that is
+t43HG2gBjDo-04067-00960784-00960919 called impute out of range
+t43HG2gBjDo-04068-00960920-00961254 or impute oor and this gives us a very
+t43HG2gBjDo-04069-00961256-00961415 nice object
+t43HG2gBjDo-04070-00961416-00961687 so this is our pipe operation it tells
+t43HG2gBjDo-04071-00961687-00961830 us some things about itself
+t43HG2gBjDo-04072-00961831-00962126 so what its name is what hyper
+t43HG2gBjDo-04073-00962127-00962270 parameters does it have so what
+t43HG2gBjDo-04074-00962271-00962559 things are already set and also we input
+t43HG2gBjDo-04075-00962560-00962726 and output so this thing
+t43HG2gBjDo-04076-00962727-00962951 accepts the task and outputs the task so
+t43HG2gBjDo-04077-00962952-00963351 it's a pre-processing operation
+t43HG2gBjDo-04078-00963352-00963567 we can like this operation is as bent
+t43HG2gBjDo-04079-00963568-00963670 already said is basically
+t43HG2gBjDo-04080-00963671-00963854 um learning algorithm like a generalized
+t43HG2gBjDo-04081-00963856-00964062 learning algorithm so we can train this
+t43HG2gBjDo-04082-00964064-00964246 on data
+t43HG2gBjDo-04083-00964247-00964559 and now we get the
+t43HG2gBjDo-04084-00964560-00964854 imputed data so if we if we remember
+t43HG2gBjDo-04085-00964856-00964975 task dollar
+t43HG2gBjDo-04086-00964976-00965303 missings we had some missing values
+t43HG2gBjDo-04087-00965304-00965454 so this is the command that tells us if
+t43HG2gBjDo-04088-00965456-00965670 we have missing values in the task
+t43HG2gBjDo-04089-00965671-00966083 if we ask the result of this operation
+t43HG2gBjDo-04090-00966084-00966511 here um well i can just run this
+t43HG2gBjDo-04091-00966512-00966687 this has no missing values anymore so
+t43HG2gBjDo-04092-00966687-00966911 here the values were imputed
+t43HG2gBjDo-04093-00966912-00967103 and so what does autofrange do out of
+t43HG2gBjDo-04094-00967104-00967223 range for
+t43HG2gBjDo-04095-00967224-00967519 categorical parameters basically adds a
+t43HG2gBjDo-04096-00967520-00967623 new category
+t43HG2gBjDo-04097-00967624-00967807 that is out of range of the old
+t43HG2gBjDo-04098-00967808-00967934 categories it
+t43HG2gBjDo-04099-00967935-00968319 adds a category missing so before we had
+t43HG2gBjDo-04100-00968320-00968575 um the credit history has a few levels a
+t43HG2gBjDo-04101-00968576-00968719 vector
+t43HG2gBjDo-04102-00968720-00968926 factor feature and here we had a missing
+t43HG2gBjDo-04103-00968927-00969111 value now it added the new feature
+t43HG2gBjDo-04104-00969112-00969223 missing
+t43HG2gBjDo-04105-00969224-00969367 this is different from having a missing
+t43HG2gBjDo-04106-00969368-00969542 value which learner doesn't
+t43HG2gBjDo-04107-00969543-00969719 know what to do with this is actually a
+t43HG2gBjDo-04108-00969720-00969919 new category and that is called missing
+t43HG2gBjDo-04109-00969920-00969991 and the
+t43HG2gBjDo-04110-00969992-00970119 random forest will have no problem
+t43HG2gBjDo-04111-00970120-00970462 working with that
+t43HG2gBjDo-04112-00970464-00970783 we can now create a
+t43HG2gBjDo-04113-00970784-00971119 learner from this pipeline so
+t43HG2gBjDo-04114-00971120-00971438 we we can get this graph
+t43HG2gBjDo-04115-00971439-00971719 which does first computation and then
+t43HG2gBjDo-04116-00971720-00972007 makes well fits a learner
+t43HG2gBjDo-04117-00972008-00972254 and this we again have to turn into a
+t43HG2gBjDo-04118-00972256-00972319 learner
+t43HG2gBjDo-04119-00972320-00972575 so here we are in ml3 pipelines country
+t43HG2gBjDo-04120-00972576-00972783 we have a graph and we can add new
+t43HG2gBjDo-04121-00972784-00972951 operations to it for example
+t43HG2gBjDo-04122-00972952-00973262 but we want to do use the ml3 tools so
+t43HG2gBjDo-04123-00973264-00973479 we want to go back to mlr3 country so
+t43HG2gBjDo-04124-00973479-00973799 we use create a new graph
+t43HG2gBjDo-04125-00973800-00974151 so if we look at what this thing in here
+t43HG2gBjDo-04126-00974152-00974199 is
+t43HG2gBjDo-04127-00974200-00975030 so um
+t43HG2gBjDo-04128-00975031-00975351 so this thing is a graph
+t43HG2gBjDo-04129-00975352-00975662 it says it tells us well it consists of
+t43HG2gBjDo-04130-00975664-00975815 operations and they are connected in
+t43HG2gBjDo-04131-00975816-00975951 some ways
+t43HG2gBjDo-04132-00975952-00976479 and but what we want is a learner so
+t43HG2gBjDo-04133-00976479-00976815 this thing is a learner and we can use
+t43HG2gBjDo-04134-00976816-00976983 it for example to train
+t43HG2gBjDo-04135-00976984-00977287 and see now we don't have any errors
+t43HG2gBjDo-04136-00977287-00977526 and um we we have a fitted learning mode
+t43HG2gBjDo-04137-00977527-00977638 and we can even
+t43HG2gBjDo-04138-00977639-00977951 resample this thing so
+t43HG2gBjDo-04139-00977952-00978279 this is going to volatile certain
+t43HG2gBjDo-04140-00978279-00978446 performance
+t43HG2gBjDo-04141-00978447-00978679 you can i mean we could also do
+t43HG2gBjDo-04142-00978679-00978799 benchmarks for this and
+t43HG2gBjDo-04143-00978800-00979015 for example see what different
+t43HG2gBjDo-04144-00979016-00979215 imputation methods work better or worse
+t43HG2gBjDo-04145-00979216-00979495 in this in this thing and the nice thing
+t43HG2gBjDo-04146-00979495-00979583 is that you can
+t43HG2gBjDo-04147-00979584-00979783 use as a more advanced feature this
+t43HG2gBjDo-04148-00979784-00980023 branching thing that ben showed
+t43HG2gBjDo-04149-00980024-00980415 where we are have have the actual
+t43HG2gBjDo-04150-00980416-00980591 imputation that is being used as a hyper
+t43HG2gBjDo-04151-00980592-00980775 parameter so we can make tuning over the
+t43HG2gBjDo-04152-00980776-00980887 method that this
+t43HG2gBjDo-04153-00980887-00981342 imputation
+t43HG2gBjDo-04154-00981343-00981807 i'm going to skip the feature filtering
+t43HG2gBjDo-04155-00981808-00982495 and
+t43HG2gBjDo-04156-00982495-00982691 i'm going to go straight to the
+t43HG2gBjDo-04157-00982692-00982887 robustification
+t43HG2gBjDo-04158-00982887-00983230 so because it fits
+t43HG2gBjDo-04159-00983231-00983583 better into this into this um into this
+t43HG2gBjDo-04160-00983584-00983767 uh
+t43HG2gBjDo-04161-00983768-00984079 narrative so
+t43HG2gBjDo-04162-00984079-00984279 another way in which your learner can
+t43HG2gBjDo-04163-00984279-00984430 fail is
+t43HG2gBjDo-04164-00984431-00984767 that it is trained on on features that
+t43HG2gBjDo-04165-00984768-00984967 are constant for example
+t43HG2gBjDo-04166-00984968-00985199 or that it tries to predict a feature
+t43HG2gBjDo-04167-00985200-00985351 that has or
+t43HG2gBjDo-04168-00985352-00985638 tries to predict on a level that has not
+t43HG2gBjDo-04169-00985639-00985719 been seen before
+t43HG2gBjDo-04170-00985720-00986223 on a factorial level so
+t43HG2gBjDo-04171-00986224-00986423 i'm creating a task here but it's a very
+t43HG2gBjDo-04172-00986424-00986559 small subset
+t43HG2gBjDo-04173-00986560-00986862 of the whole training task
+t43HG2gBjDo-04174-00986864-00987238 so what why am i doing this it's a
+t43HG2gBjDo-04175-00987239-00987615 certain feature of
+t43HG2gBjDo-04176-00987616-00988046 this specific data
+t43HG2gBjDo-04177-00988047-00988454 but in the few first few features
+t43HG2gBjDo-04178-00988456-00988807 there are things that are constant
+t43HG2gBjDo-04179-00988808-00989134 so for example this feature the first
+t43HG2gBjDo-04180-00989135-00989423 30 no not this one but um
+t43HG2gBjDo-04181-00989424-00989711 [Music]
+t43HG2gBjDo-04182-00989712-00989879 a few features of these they're
+t43HG2gBjDo-04183-00989879-00990087 basically the same value for the first
+t43HG2gBjDo-04184-00990087-00990679 few rows
+t43HG2gBjDo-04185-00990679-00990919 um no sorry they are not constant but
+t43HG2gBjDo-04186-00990920-00990999 the problem is
+t43HG2gBjDo-04187-00991000-00991254 the first few thirty euros they have
+t43HG2gBjDo-04188-00991256-00991319 some
+t43HG2gBjDo-04189-00991320-00991559 there are some features that occur in
+t43HG2gBjDo-04190-00991560-00991646 the
+t43HG2gBjDo-04191-00991647-00991919 task that are not seen in the first 30
+t43HG2gBjDo-04192-00991920-00991991 rows
+t43HG2gBjDo-04193-00991992-00992167 so what we're trying to do here is we're
+t43HG2gBjDo-04194-00992168-00992311 trying to predict a
+t43HG2gBjDo-04195-00992312-00992687 value that has not been seen before
+t43HG2gBjDo-04196-00992687-00992903 so the and the random forest complaints
+t43HG2gBjDo-04197-00992904-00993079 are the logistic regression complaints
+t43HG2gBjDo-04198-00993079-00993454 so i'm trying to um
+t43HG2gBjDo-04199-00993456-00993607 predict on a feature that we haven't
+t43HG2gBjDo-04200-00993608-00993830 seen
+t43HG2gBjDo-04201-00993831-00994159 so also
+t43HG2gBjDo-04202-00994160-00994438 and now here we see the constant thing
+t43HG2gBjDo-04203-00994439-00994503 suppose
+t43HG2gBjDo-04204-00994504-00994870 we just have
+t43HG2gBjDo-04205-00994871-00995095 just two rows and we're trying to train
+t43HG2gBjDo-04206-00995095-00995223 a model on this one obviously this
+t43HG2gBjDo-04207-00995224-00995319 doesn't fail
+t43HG2gBjDo-04208-00995320-00995462 for various reasons but one of the
+t43HG2gBjDo-04209-00995464-00995670 reasons is well we have
+t43HG2gBjDo-04210-00995671-00995846 some features that are not changing at
+t43HG2gBjDo-04211-00995847-00995999 all
+t43HG2gBjDo-04212-00996000-00996199 so and here we get the error message
+t43HG2gBjDo-04213-00996200-00996351 there are some constant features and
+t43HG2gBjDo-04214-00996352-00996503 logistic regression doesn't like that
+t43HG2gBjDo-04215-00996504-00996656 because it gives
+t43HG2gBjDo-04216-00996657-00996854 [Music]
+t43HG2gBjDo-04217-00996856-00997215 well zero determinant matrix
+t43HG2gBjDo-04218-00997216-00997503 so what do we do in this in this case
+t43HG2gBjDo-04219-00997504-00997607 what we
+t43HG2gBjDo-04220-00997608-00997926 can do here is we just collect all the
+t43HG2gBjDo-04221-00997927-00998199 different kind of operations we have
+t43HG2gBjDo-04222-00998200-00998526 that can fix the individual issues
+t43HG2gBjDo-04223-00998527-00998838 so and we we because
+t43HG2gBjDo-04224-00998839-00998991 it makes the learner more robust we call
+t43HG2gBjDo-04225-00998992-00999159 this robustify
+t43HG2gBjDo-04226-00999160-00999462 so we say okay we we might have a
+t43HG2gBjDo-04227-00999464-00999519 problem
+t43HG2gBjDo-04228-00999520-00999870 of missing of features that occur in the
+t43HG2gBjDo-04229-00999871-01000142 prediction side that we haven't seen
+t43HG2gBjDo-04230-01000143-01000270 during training
+t43HG2gBjDo-04231-01000271-01000438 and the learner will fail so we use the
+t43HG2gBjDo-04232-01000439-01000607 type optics factors
+t43HG2gBjDo-04233-01000608-01000911 which removes um features that we're not
+t43HG2gBjDo-04234-01000912-01001095 seeing during training
+t43HG2gBjDo-04235-01001095-01001423 and turns them into missing values
+t43HG2gBjDo-04236-01001424-01001823 next we have to remove constant values
+t43HG2gBjDo-04237-01001824-01002159 remove constant features so there's a
+t43HG2gBjDo-04238-01002160-01002462 pipe up for that as well it's like an
+t43HG2gBjDo-04239-01002464-01002662 iphone advertising for everything you
+t43HG2gBjDo-04240-01002664-01002903 have a certain small tool
+t43HG2gBjDo-04241-01002904-01003215 that can do exactly what you want
+t43HG2gBjDo-04242-01003216-01003430 and in the end what we also have to do
+t43HG2gBjDo-04243-01003431-01003551 is we have to impute
+t43HG2gBjDo-04244-01003552-01003854 because we had fixed factors removed
+t43HG2gBjDo-04245-01003856-01003926 some features
+t43HG2gBjDo-04246-01003927-01004159 as some some values now we have missing
+t43HG2gBjDo-04247-01004160-01004230 values
+t43HG2gBjDo-04248-01004231-01004654 so we also need to impute these and
+t43HG2gBjDo-04249-01004656-01004830 here we have to be careful we cannot
+t43HG2gBjDo-04250-01004831-01005030 impute out of range because that would
+t43HG2gBjDo-04251-01005031-01005087 just
+t43HG2gBjDo-04252-01005087-01005287 be us introducing another set of
+t43HG2gBjDo-04253-01005287-01005559 messaging values again
+t43HG2gBjDo-04254-01005560-01005999 of unseen factor levels
+t43HG2gBjDo-04255-01006000-01006270 so a feature i'm showing now is that
+t43HG2gBjDo-04256-01006271-01006375 well we have this
+t43HG2gBjDo-04257-01006376-01006695 graph i printed the graph before
+t43HG2gBjDo-04258-01006695-01006967 already but so this is a representation
+t43HG2gBjDo-04259-01006968-01007023 it doesn't
+t43HG2gBjDo-04260-01007024-01007159 it's not very convenient so we don't
+t43HG2gBjDo-04261-01007160-01007334 really know what's happening so we have
+t43HG2gBjDo-04262-01007335-01007551 the plot function
+t43HG2gBjDo-04263-01007552-01007807 and the plot function well gives us a
+t43HG2gBjDo-04264-01007808-01007942 very nice representation
+t43HG2gBjDo-04265-01007943-01008134 and here we have the linear graph this
+t43HG2gBjDo-04266-01008135-01008334 can obviously get much more
+t43HG2gBjDo-04267-01008335-01008591 scary as you see in the slides from band
+t43HG2gBjDo-04268-01008592-01008767 you can you can have lots of
+t43HG2gBjDo-04269-01008768-01009095 different um well paths that go parallel
+t43HG2gBjDo-04270-01009095-01009215 and so on
+t43HG2gBjDo-04271-01009216-01009511 a nicer way to represent this is to have
+t43HG2gBjDo-04272-01009512-01009630 html equals
+t43HG2gBjDo-04273-01009631-01009823 true because this gives us an html
+t43HG2gBjDo-04274-01009824-01009967 representation
+t43HG2gBjDo-04275-01009968-01010270 this is um a well this is
+t43HG2gBjDo-04276-01010271-01010495 javascript doing some fancy things and
+t43HG2gBjDo-04277-01010495-01010615 you can play around with it
+t43HG2gBjDo-04278-01010616-01010823 it's it just looks nicer and you can
+t43HG2gBjDo-04279-01010824-01011207 also zoom
+t43HG2gBjDo-04280-01011208-01011511 so now we have this robustify pipeline
+t43HG2gBjDo-04281-01011512-01011711 that does all these things so it does
+t43HG2gBjDo-04282-01011712-01011854 fix factors remove constants and put
+t43HG2gBjDo-04283-01011856-01011911 sample
+t43HG2gBjDo-04284-01011912-01012046 and we feed this into logistic
+t43HG2gBjDo-04285-01012047-01012295 regression so
+t43HG2gBjDo-04286-01012295-01012575 now we can train this on our completely
+t43HG2gBjDo-04287-01012576-01012711 broken task
+t43HG2gBjDo-04288-01012712-01013023 i mean
+t43HG2gBjDo-04289-01013024-01013262 this thing had like uh two two rows and
+t43HG2gBjDo-04290-01013264-01013407 so on and
+t43HG2gBjDo-04291-01013408-01013623 but we can we can train on this now
+t43HG2gBjDo-04292-01013624-01013767 because all constant features were
+t43HG2gBjDo-04293-01013768-01013862 removed
+t43HG2gBjDo-04294-01013864-01014175 and we can predict on it without trouble
+t43HG2gBjDo-04295-01014176-01014326 even though we trained on a completely
+t43HG2gBjDo-04296-01014327-01014526 broken task that was not only
+t43HG2gBjDo-04297-01014527-01014854 had only two two rows with um constant
+t43HG2gBjDo-04298-01014856-01014999 features but also
+t43HG2gBjDo-04299-01015000-01015270 the predicting task has lots of features
+t43HG2gBjDo-04300-01015271-01015479 a lot lots of lots of
+t43HG2gBjDo-04301-01015479-01015807 values that were not seen before
+t43HG2gBjDo-04302-01015808-01015999 whether training on a data set with two
+t43HG2gBjDo-04303-01016000-01016159 rows gives you a good predictive
+t43HG2gBjDo-04304-01016160-01016487 performance is a different question
+t43HG2gBjDo-04305-01016487-01016791 so and now we've seen well you have to
+t43HG2gBjDo-04306-01016792-01016911 do quite a few things
+t43HG2gBjDo-04307-01016912-01017207 to get this uh to get everything to work
+t43HG2gBjDo-04308-01017208-01017287 sort of
+t43HG2gBjDo-04309-01017287-01017607 noise here so
+t43HG2gBjDo-04310-01017608-01017870 how nice would it be if well our package
+t43HG2gBjDo-04311-01017871-01018023 gave you a way to just build these
+t43HG2gBjDo-04312-01018024-01018126 things automatically
+t43HG2gBjDo-04313-01018127-01018246 and not having to remember what
+t43HG2gBjDo-04314-01018247-01018407 everything to do to robust next step
+t43HG2gBjDo-04315-01018408-01018519 robust
+t43HG2gBjDo-04316-01018520-01018695 and here we actually have something this
+t43HG2gBjDo-04317-01018695-01018887 is also what ben already shot
+t43HG2gBjDo-04318-01018887-01019223 the partial pipelines here we have a few
+t43HG2gBjDo-04319-01019224-01019367 pre-packaged solutions
+t43HG2gBjDo-04320-01019368-01019567 for problems that you might encounter
+t43HG2gBjDo-04321-01019568-01019670 and one of these
+t43HG2gBjDo-04322-01019671-01019838 is obviously you want to make something
+t43HG2gBjDo-04323-01019839-01020030 robust
+t43HG2gBjDo-04324-01020031-01020407 so and how does this work
+t43HG2gBjDo-04325-01020408-01020711 so we can just ask okay give us
+t43HG2gBjDo-04326-01020712-01021062 something to make stuff robust
+t43HG2gBjDo-04327-01021064-01021238 and we get the pipelines but this is a
+t43HG2gBjDo-04328-01021239-01021534 very big and complicated pipeline
+t43HG2gBjDo-04329-01021535-01021807 why is that because this thing tries to
+t43HG2gBjDo-04330-01021808-01021911 be
+t43HG2gBjDo-04331-01021912-01022199 ready for all the eventualities so you
+t43HG2gBjDo-04332-01022200-01022319 say well maybe my
+t43HG2gBjDo-04333-01022320-01022487 and i cannot handle missing values so i
+t43HG2gBjDo-04334-01022487-01022679 have to do amputation maybe my learner
+t43HG2gBjDo-04335-01022679-01022742 cannot
+t43HG2gBjDo-04336-01022743-01023030 handle vector values so we have to
+t43HG2gBjDo-04337-01023031-01023126 encode
+t43HG2gBjDo-04338-01023127-01023438 to get um
+t43HG2gBjDo-04339-01023439-01023646 to get numeric values and numeric
+t43HG2gBjDo-04340-01023647-01023783 features
+t43HG2gBjDo-04341-01023784-01024079 instead we can also give this thing a
+t43HG2gBjDo-04342-01024079-01024159 few arguments
+t43HG2gBjDo-04343-01024160-01024415 we can say well we give you this task we
+t43HG2gBjDo-04344-01024416-01024551 want to handle we give you the learner
+t43HG2gBjDo-04345-01024552-01024654 that we have
+t43HG2gBjDo-04346-01024656-01024934 and um we run this and this gives us a
+t43HG2gBjDo-04347-01024935-01025046 much smaller
+t43HG2gBjDo-04348-01025047-01025503 graph now so it's not this huge anymore
+t43HG2gBjDo-04349-01025504-01025759 it's just noticing well the few things
+t43HG2gBjDo-04350-01025760-01025919 it actually has to do
+t43HG2gBjDo-04351-01025920-01026103 so it's it doesn't need to encode stuff
+t43HG2gBjDo-04352-01026104-01026270 anymore because our learner can handle
+t43HG2gBjDo-04353-01026271-01026399 factory features
+t43HG2gBjDo-04354-01026400-01026575 instead it only does the necessary
+t43HG2gBjDo-04355-01026576-01026823 things
+t43HG2gBjDo-04356-01026824-01027087 and this one we can also train into
+t43HG2gBjDo-04357-01027087-01027199 prediction
+t43HG2gBjDo-04358-01027200-01027759 and we it learns the same way before
+t43HG2gBjDo-04359-01027760-01028183 so um i think we are
+t43HG2gBjDo-04360-01028184-01028383 very close to finishing maybe there are
+t43HG2gBjDo-04361-01028384-01028870 a few questions we should answer
+t43HG2gBjDo-04362-01028871-01029215 um there was the question if we can
+t43HG2gBjDo-04363-01029216-01029542 um if we can implement our own
+t43HG2gBjDo-04364-01029543-01029983 type operations so and
+t43HG2gBjDo-04365-01029984-01030207 i already answered with the link but i
+t43HG2gBjDo-04366-01030208-01030446 think it's it's nice to show this
+t43HG2gBjDo-04367-01030447-01030823 all of this works with r6 so
+t43HG2gBjDo-04368-01030824-01031199 um it is it is um
+t43HG2gBjDo-04369-01031200-01031399 possible to implement your own operation
+t43HG2gBjDo-04370-01031400-01031654 just by inheriting from this class
+t43HG2gBjDo-04371-01031656-01031807 and then the only functions you actually
+t43HG2gBjDo-04372-01031808-01031999 have to implement our like training
+t43HG2gBjDo-04373-01032000-01032279 and the prediction function and you can
+t43HG2gBjDo-04374-01032279-01032495 look at our documentation and see
+t43HG2gBjDo-04375-01032495-01032670 it is well it looks scary because it's
+t43HG2gBjDo-04376-01032671-01032879 so long but actually this is just
+t43HG2gBjDo-04377-01032879-01033015 we give you lots of examples to learn
+t43HG2gBjDo-04378-01033016-01033342 from the principle is very easy
+t43HG2gBjDo-04379-01033343-01034215 um any other questions
+t43HG2gBjDo-04380-01034216-01034534 um maybe someone else can help me i
+t43HG2gBjDo-04381-01034535-01034687 think there were a couple
+t43HG2gBjDo-04382-01034687-01035159 in slider i think i see one it says
+t43HG2gBjDo-04383-01035160-01035383 uh because pca is now busy answering
+t43HG2gBjDo-04384-01035384-01035495 questions
+t43HG2gBjDo-04385-01035495-01035903 okay i see i'm answering everything by
+t43HG2gBjDo-04386-01035904-01036199 typing already i just um
+t43HG2gBjDo-04387-01036200-01036503 i'm i'm doing so okay well um
+t43HG2gBjDo-04388-01036504-01036830 um a few things to say maybe so this is
+t43HG2gBjDo-04389-01036831-01036959 obviously not enough time to go through
+t43HG2gBjDo-04390-01036960-01037151 all the depths of what is possible
+t43HG2gBjDo-04391-01037152-01037391 i think it's nice to show like a very
+t43HG2gBjDo-04392-01037392-01037519 cool feature we have
+t43HG2gBjDo-04393-01037520-01037719 which is that we can do the stacking and
+t43HG2gBjDo-04394-01037720-01037942 how this actually looks in practice
+t43HG2gBjDo-04395-01037943-01038438 so all you do is just well i want to do
+t43HG2gBjDo-04396-01038439-01038799 stacking so what what what learners do i
+t43HG2gBjDo-04397-01038800-01038919 want to do stacking with
+t43HG2gBjDo-04398-01038920-01039119 and i just create all the type
+t43HG2gBjDo-04399-01039120-01039246 operations
+t43HG2gBjDo-04400-01039247-01039542 for these learners maybe i also want to
+t43HG2gBjDo-04401-01039543-01039767 do other things like preprocessing
+t43HG2gBjDo-04402-01039768-01040079 and now all that we have to do is
+t43HG2gBjDo-04403-01040079-01040462 put this before a feature unit operator
+t43HG2gBjDo-04404-01040464-01040695 and as before we can we can plot this
+t43HG2gBjDo-04405-01040695-01040887 and we get these graphs
+t43HG2gBjDo-04406-01040887-01041167 and we can add even more so we can do a
+t43HG2gBjDo-04407-01041168-01041375 second level of stacking
+t43HG2gBjDo-04408-01041376-01041695 all we have to do is just to
+t43HG2gBjDo-04409-01041695-01041999 uh build this graph unit by unit and
+t43HG2gBjDo-04410-01042000-01042199 then put them together
+t43HG2gBjDo-04411-01042200-01042423 so you you can you can work with this
+t43HG2gBjDo-04412-01042424-01042599 like you would with lego bricks
+t43HG2gBjDo-04413-01042600-01042870 you would just build everything together
+t43HG2gBjDo-04414-01042871-01042903 and
+t43HG2gBjDo-04415-01042904-01043134 in this way kind of create your own
+t43HG2gBjDo-04416-01043135-01043254 machine learning algorithms
+t43HG2gBjDo-04417-01043256-01043726 from its building blocks
+t43HG2gBjDo-04418-01043727-01044030 martin if i can answer two questions um
+t43HG2gBjDo-04419-01044031-01044119 from slido
+t43HG2gBjDo-04420-01044120-01044303 because that would be easier easier to
+t43HG2gBjDo-04421-01044304-01044446 easier to do it orally
+t43HG2gBjDo-04422-01044447-01044695 so one question was uh is it is it like
+t43HG2gBjDo-04423-01044695-01044838 safe or recommended
+t43HG2gBjDo-04424-01044839-01045103 um currently to switch over from mlr to
+t43HG2gBjDo-04425-01045104-01045215 mlr3
+t43HG2gBjDo-04426-01045216-01045599 and um my answer would is that
+t43HG2gBjDo-04427-01045600-01045791 it's actually now i think kind of the
+t43HG2gBjDo-04428-01045792-01045999 perfect point in time to do this because
+t43HG2gBjDo-04429-01046000-01046303 the package has is mature now so the
+t43HG2gBjDo-04430-01046304-01046534 last kind of big api change we did about
+t43HG2gBjDo-04431-01046535-01046783 one or two months ago with mlr3 tuning
+t43HG2gBjDo-04432-01046784-01047007 that was basically renaming two or three
+t43HG2gBjDo-04433-01047008-01047238 functions a bit and introducing bb otk
+t43HG2gBjDo-04434-01047239-01047567 so that did break api a bit because of
+t43HG2gBjDo-04435-01047568-01047734 the renaming but the concepts didn't
+t43HG2gBjDo-04436-01047735-01047823 change and
+t43HG2gBjDo-04437-01047824-01048103 after we did that we won't do anything
+t43HG2gBjDo-04438-01048104-01048191 else
+t43HG2gBjDo-04439-01048192-01048399 the packages are well tested already we
+t43HG2gBjDo-04440-01048400-01048567 have a lot of unit tests
+t43HG2gBjDo-04441-01048568-01048967 online we test very very heavily um
+t43HG2gBjDo-04442-01048968-01049191 and i would even say that i mean we use
+t43HG2gBjDo-04443-01049192-01049391 it also i mean in my research group we
+t43HG2gBjDo-04444-01049392-01049430 begin
+t43HG2gBjDo-04445-01049431-01049623 using it now for our own experiments and
+t43HG2gBjDo-04446-01049624-01049751 our own research and
+t43HG2gBjDo-04447-01049752-01050046 i would heavily recommend to make the
+t43HG2gBjDo-04448-01050047-01050159 switch now if
+t43HG2gBjDo-04449-01050160-01050391 there's not some specific individual
+t43HG2gBjDo-04450-01050392-01050519 reasons for you to
+t43HG2gBjDo-04451-01050520-01050687 because you have like hundreds of
+t43HG2gBjDo-04452-01050688-01050823 thousands of codes
+t43HG2gBjDo-04453-01050824-01050983 with the old system i would definitely
+t43HG2gBjDo-04454-01050984-01051126 now switch um
+t43HG2gBjDo-04455-01051127-01051487 you can we can discuss what is like
+t43HG2gBjDo-04456-01051488-01051759 worse in mlr3 compared to mlr 2 maybe
+t43HG2gBjDo-04457-01051760-01051911 martin and michelle have to help me here
+t43HG2gBjDo-04458-01051912-01051991 a little bit
+t43HG2gBjDo-04459-01051992-01052271 so from my perspective so what is worse
+t43HG2gBjDo-04460-01052272-01052367 i really hate
+t43HG2gBjDo-04461-01052368-01052511 that we don't have patient optimization
+t43HG2gBjDo-04462-01052512-01052791 at the moment um but we work on that
+t43HG2gBjDo-04463-01052792-01053095 um and depending how urgently you need
+t43HG2gBjDo-04464-01053096-01053134 that
+t43HG2gBjDo-04465-01053135-01053303 and martinez also wrote a little
+t43HG2gBjDo-04466-01053304-01053526 connector package that connects mlr
+t43HG2gBjDo-04467-01053527-01053959 mbo which is mlr2 yeah with mlr 3
+t43HG2gBjDo-04468-01053960-01054134 pipelines that's possible it's a little
+t43HG2gBjDo-04469-01054135-01054359 bit weird how we do that
+t43HG2gBjDo-04470-01054360-01054559 and it's it's in a certain sense it's a
+t43HG2gBjDo-04471-01054560-01054734 bit sub-optimal because we like mixing
+t43HG2gBjDo-04472-01054735-01054799 two
+t43HG2gBjDo-04473-01054800-01054942 different package versions so that's
+t43HG2gBjDo-04474-01054943-01055119 that is an existing downside
+t43HG2gBjDo-04475-01055120-01055271 and i want to work heavily on this we
+t43HG2gBjDo-04476-01055272-01055479 have a sprint next week
+t43HG2gBjDo-04477-01055480-01055671 and that will be an important topic of
+t43HG2gBjDo-04478-01055672-01055846 the sprint to get bayesian optimization
+t43HG2gBjDo-04479-01055847-01055975 into place
+t43HG2gBjDo-04480-01055976-01056238 uh of course we don't have 160 learning
+t43HG2gBjDo-04481-01056239-01056479 algorithms currently in mlr3
+t43HG2gBjDo-04482-01056480-01056734 but the mlr3 learners package plus the
+t43HG2gBjDo-04483-01056735-01056799 mlr
+t43HG2gBjDo-04484-01056800-01057015 org in the background have a lot of
+t43HG2gBjDo-04485-01057016-01057334 interesting stuff already there and like
+t43HG2gBjDo-04486-01057335-01057542 migrating and a learning algorithm from
+t43HG2gBjDo-04487-01057543-01057742 lr2 to mlr3 is
+t43HG2gBjDo-04488-01057743-01057926 can be about one hour of work so if
+t43HG2gBjDo-04489-01057927-01058071 you're missing i think the most
+t43HG2gBjDo-04490-01058072-01058183 important stuff is there
+t43HG2gBjDo-04491-01058184-01058415 i guess nobody has used these 160
+t43HG2gBjDo-04492-01058416-01058583 algorithms
+t43HG2gBjDo-04493-01058584-01058911 like like together or
+t43HG2gBjDo-04494-01058912-01059142 exhaustively and the important stuff we
+t43HG2gBjDo-04495-01059143-01059311 already migrated and if you're missing
+t43HG2gBjDo-04496-01059312-01059471 something very specific
+t43HG2gBjDo-04497-01059472-01059767 migrating that yourself or talking to us
+t43HG2gBjDo-04498-01059768-01059823 is also
+t43HG2gBjDo-04499-01059824-01060167 super simple um and beyond that
+t43HG2gBjDo-04500-01060168-01060495 i mean michelle martin i'm not sure
+t43HG2gBjDo-04501-01060496-01060679 whether you can come up with something
+t43HG2gBjDo-04502-01060680-01060871 that mlr 2 is a lot better maybe
+t43HG2gBjDo-04503-01060872-01061126 maybe it's not it's not um directly
+t43HG2gBjDo-04504-01061127-01061207 related but it's
+t43HG2gBjDo-04505-01061208-01061391 very important to say this you will run
+t43HG2gBjDo-04506-01061392-01061567 into trouble if you have both the old
+t43HG2gBjDo-04507-01061568-01061687 and the new mlr
+t43HG2gBjDo-04508-01061688-01061999 loaded into this same r session so
+t43HG2gBjDo-04509-01062000-01062199 that is something to watch out for so
+t43HG2gBjDo-04510-01062200-01062415 you unfortunately you cannot use the one
+t43HG2gBjDo-04511-01062416-01062559 and the other directly next to each
+t43HG2gBjDo-04512-01062560-01062855 other you would have to if you run like
+t43HG2gBjDo-04513-01062856-01063015 one script or like if
+t43HG2gBjDo-04514-01063016-01063207 you have your r session open you should
+t43HG2gBjDo-04515-01063208-01063455 have either the one or the other
+t43HG2gBjDo-04516-01063456-01063742 otherwise you rented into trouble yeah
+t43HG2gBjDo-04517-01063743-01063919 you had the same problems if you
+t43HG2gBjDo-04518-01063920-01064199 loaded mlr 2 and carriage i guess
+t43HG2gBjDo-04519-01064200-01064263 because
+t43HG2gBjDo-04520-01064264-01064487 the names are just identical so both
+t43HG2gBjDo-04521-01064488-01064567 packages
+t43HG2gBjDo-04522-01064568-01064887 implement the train function and yeah
+t43HG2gBjDo-04523-01064888-01065391 the name special one shadows the other
+t43HG2gBjDo-04524-01065392-01065695 and then i mean but i guess you're okay
+t43HG2gBjDo-04525-01065696-01065783 with me like
+t43HG2gBjDo-04526-01065784-01065975 mentioning these downsides and anything
+t43HG2gBjDo-04527-01065976-01066087 else
+t43HG2gBjDo-04528-01066088-01066271 there's not much right and there's much
+t43HG2gBjDo-04529-01066272-01066463 is already a lot better yeah so
+t43HG2gBjDo-04530-01066464-01066591 parallelization is a lot better
+t43HG2gBjDo-04531-01066592-01066791 pipelines is a lot better
+t43HG2gBjDo-04532-01066792-01066967 and i was also asked what's kind of the
+t43HG2gBjDo-04533-01066968-01067183 most important feature that mlr3 has
+t43HG2gBjDo-04534-01067184-01067479 that kind of uh stands out is if you
+t43HG2gBjDo-04535-01067480-01067646 compare it to carrot
+t43HG2gBjDo-04536-01067647-01067887 uh to tidy models and other stuff my
+t43HG2gBjDo-04537-01067888-01068095 answer was basically i guess pipelines
+t43HG2gBjDo-04538-01068096-01068215 so i think
+t43HG2gBjDo-04539-01068216-01068375 i don't think many other packages have
+t43HG2gBjDo-04540-01068376-01068583 this super flexible cool system that we
+t43HG2gBjDo-04541-01068584-01068663 have there
+t43HG2gBjDo-04542-01068664-01068855 and like the flexible combination with
+t43HG2gBjDo-04543-01068856-01068967 everything else
+t43HG2gBjDo-04544-01068968-01069263 and i would say so i know andreas miller
+t43HG2gBjDo-04545-01069264-01069415 from psychic learn very well
+t43HG2gBjDo-04546-01069416-01069663 we actually talked about this topic so i
+t43HG2gBjDo-04547-01069664-01069726 if
+t43HG2gBjDo-04548-01069727-01069991 i think if you try to publish a vapor on
+t43HG2gBjDo-04549-01069992-01070063 this
+t43HG2gBjDo-04550-01070064-01070238 if you compare like the pipelining that
+t43HG2gBjDo-04551-01070239-01070455 we can currently do in mlr3 pipelines
+t43HG2gBjDo-04552-01070456-01070599 compared to what you can do with normal
+t43HG2gBjDo-04553-01070600-01070759 cycle learn
+t43HG2gBjDo-04554-01070760-01070926 i would say i would argue that we are
+t43HG2gBjDo-04555-01070927-01071095 actually
+t43HG2gBjDo-04556-01071096-01071319 not that mature and like not that
+t43HG2gBjDo-04557-01071320-01071607 complete in terms of uh
+t43HG2gBjDo-04558-01071608-01071967 uh provided functionality but in terms
+t43HG2gBjDo-04559-01071968-01072167 of flexibility and underlying
+t43HG2gBjDo-04560-01072168-01072334 structure and mechanism i would say we
+t43HG2gBjDo-04561-01072335-01072679 are quite a bit more flexible yeah
+t43HG2gBjDo-04562-01072680-01073038 in general maybe another upside to mlr3
+t43HG2gBjDo-04563-01073039-01073279 compared to the old mlrs that you can
+t43HG2gBjDo-04564-01073280-01073519 because we use our r6 it's very easy to
+t43HG2gBjDo-04565-01073520-01073591 find out
+t43HG2gBjDo-04566-01073592-01073863 what you can do with an object you just
+t43HG2gBjDo-04567-01073864-01073967 in our studio you
+t43HG2gBjDo-04568-01073968-01074142 write object and then dollar and then
+t43HG2gBjDo-04569-01074143-01074334 you have this tab completion it shows
+t43HG2gBjDo-04570-01074335-01074383 you
+t43HG2gBjDo-04571-01074384-01074607 all the things you can have like you
+t43HG2gBjDo-04572-01074608-01074791 have a task and dollar and then you have
+t43HG2gBjDo-04573-01074792-01074959 the option of getting the data of
+t43HG2gBjDo-04574-01074960-01075334 filtering of selecting rows in in mlr
+t43HG2gBjDo-04575-01075335-01075479 you sometimes have this trouble that
+t43HG2gBjDo-04576-01075480-01075663 well you can do a lot of with these
+t43HG2gBjDo-04577-01075664-01075791 objects but you always have to remember
+t43HG2gBjDo-04578-01075792-01076134 what the function names were
+t43HG2gBjDo-04579-01076135-01076334 yeah and if i can add to that i think
+t43HG2gBjDo-04580-01076335-01076542 martin is completely spot on here
+t43HG2gBjDo-04581-01076543-01076726 i would i would phrase this i mean i
+t43HG2gBjDo-04582-01076727-01076863 wouldn't rephrase it but it would just
+t43HG2gBjDo-04583-01076864-01076903 add
+t43HG2gBjDo-04584-01076904-01077015 one important point and that's like
+t43HG2gBjDo-04585-01077016-01077215 container objects right so what like
+t43HG2gBjDo-04586-01077216-01077391 what you get back from the functions
+t43HG2gBjDo-04587-01077392-01077687 so in mlr2 it was always off it was
+t43HG2gBjDo-04588-01077688-01077934 often a complicated like nested type of
+t43HG2gBjDo-04589-01077935-01078142 list in list in list
+t43HG2gBjDo-04590-01078143-01078423 types of things so in mlr3 it's nearly
+t43HG2gBjDo-04591-01078424-01078551 always a data table
+t43HG2gBjDo-04592-01078552-01078759 that you can directly program on and
+t43HG2gBjDo-04593-01078760-01078951 that always has the same structure so
+t43HG2gBjDo-04594-01078952-01079015 everything
+t43HG2gBjDo-04595-01079016-01079246 basically looks like a resample slash
+t43HG2gBjDo-04596-01079247-01079407 benchmark
+t43HG2gBjDo-04597-01079408-01079638 result object so it's a it's a task it's
+t43HG2gBjDo-04598-01079639-01079751 a learner
+t43HG2gBjDo-04599-01079752-01079919 it's maybe a configuration and it's a
+t43HG2gBjDo-04600-01079920-01080142 metric and so on so it
+t43HG2gBjDo-04601-01080143-01080375 it immediately makes sense and if you go
+t43HG2gBjDo-04602-01080376-01080575 from like resampling to benchmarking to
+t43HG2gBjDo-04603-01080576-01080687 tuning
+t43HG2gBjDo-04604-01080688-01080855 just more columns are added after the
+t43HG2gBjDo-04605-01080856-01081007 same structure
+t43HG2gBjDo-04606-01081008-01081175 so you don't have to remember much just
+t43HG2gBjDo-04607-01081176-01081438 have to remember that structure and then
+t43HG2gBjDo-04608-01081439-01081719 i don't know be a good data table user i
+t43HG2gBjDo-04609-01081720-01082175 guess yeah
+t43HG2gBjDo-04610-01082176-01082583 or d player also fine
+t43HG2gBjDo-04611-01082584-01082903 that's also fine you have to you have to
+t43HG2gBjDo-04612-01082904-01083046 know how to work with tables
+t43HG2gBjDo-04613-01083047-01083311 and i well i guess every good our
+t43HG2gBjDo-04614-01083312-01083438 programmer should really know how to
+t43HG2gBjDo-04615-01083439-01083726 work with tables
+t43HG2gBjDo-04616-01083727-01083959 and i we think that's a really good
+t43HG2gBjDo-04617-01083960-01084119 interface to stuff there
+t43HG2gBjDo-04618-01084120-01084287 because in data science everything is
+t43HG2gBjDo-04619-01084288-01084446 kind of table
+t43HG2gBjDo-04620-01084447-01084630 not everything but many things sometimes
+t43HG2gBjDo-04621-01084631-01085287 things also graphs so i think we're up
+t43HG2gBjDo-04622-01085288-01085351 like we
+t43HG2gBjDo-04623-01085352-01085751 are over time right now already right
+t43HG2gBjDo-04624-01085752-01085999 okay we are kind of perfectly in time
+t43HG2gBjDo-04625-01086000-01086183 because we started like eight minutes
+t43HG2gBjDo-04626-01086184-01086255 late
+t43HG2gBjDo-04627-01086256-01086711 yes that's why so i just wanted to
+t43HG2gBjDo-04628-01086712-01087030 thank you all vern michelle and martin
+t43HG2gBjDo-04629-01087031-01087311 uh for giving this webinar and for
+t43HG2gBjDo-04630-01087312-01087526 allowing us to host you as well
+t43HG2gBjDo-04631-01087527-01087830 um so this um webinar
+t43HG2gBjDo-04632-01087831-01087975 was recorded and it will be made
+t43HG2gBjDo-04633-01087976-01088134 available for youtube
+t43HG2gBjDo-04634-01088135-01088471 so thank you again and if you have any
+t43HG2gBjDo-04635-01088472-01088567 questions
+t43HG2gBjDo-04636-01088568-01088775 uh you can put them in the meetup and
+t43HG2gBjDo-04637-01088776-01088934 maybe i can pass them along
+t43HG2gBjDo-04638-01088935-01089255 to either of you um
+t43HG2gBjDo-04639-01089256-01089591 so we can um answer them for you
+t43HG2gBjDo-04640-01089592-01090015 okay so thank you very much yeah
+t43HG2gBjDo-04641-01090016-01090279 can i add can i add two sentences so of
+t43HG2gBjDo-04642-01090280-01090471 course you can pass the questions along
+t43HG2gBjDo-04643-01090472-01090679 and we are very active on github and
+t43HG2gBjDo-04644-01090680-01090838 very active online so i think the
+t43HG2gBjDo-04645-01090839-01091071 easiest way to get in contact with us is
+t43HG2gBjDo-04646-01091072-01091279 go on the the various issue trackers
+t43HG2gBjDo-04647-01091280-01091511 talk to us there we have a metamouse
+t43HG2gBjDo-04648-01091512-01091751 it's also possible to join that you can
+t43HG2gBjDo-04649-01091752-01091855 ask questions to us
+t43HG2gBjDo-04650-01091856-01092134 on stack overflow that's all possible
+t43HG2gBjDo-04651-01092135-01092223 and uh
+t43HG2gBjDo-04652-01092224-01092438 thanks uh to your patience i think i
+t43HG2gBjDo-04653-01092439-01092534 mean it was a
+t43HG2gBjDo-04654-01092535-01092719 it was three hours which was long and
+t43HG2gBjDo-04655-01092720-01092863 was a lot of material so i guess we
+t43HG2gBjDo-04656-01092864-01093055 could have also done like five hours
+t43HG2gBjDo-04657-01093056-01093287 um so apologies for maybe overdoing it a
+t43HG2gBjDo-04658-01093288-01093438 bit but we really wanted to show the
+t43HG2gBjDo-04659-01093439-01093471 full
+t43HG2gBjDo-04660-01093472-01093638 strength of the thing and we have a lot
+t43HG2gBjDo-04661-01093639-01093815 of stuff online where you can kind of in
+t43HG2gBjDo-04662-01093816-01093975 your own time go through this again
+t43HG2gBjDo-04663-01093976-01094230 so apologies if this was quite stressful
+t43HG2gBjDo-04664-01094231-01094407 oh no it was great at least you know
+t43HG2gBjDo-04665-01094408-01094463 it's a good
+t43HG2gBjDo-04666-01094464-01094655 like a starting point and i'm sure like
+t43HG2gBjDo-04667-01094656-01094838 many people will go through the
+t43HG2gBjDo-04668-01094839-01095359 recording again uh more slowly maybe
+t43HG2gBjDo-04669-01095360-01095734 yeah sorry that's okay thank you again
+t43HG2gBjDo-04670-01095735-01095903 uh do you have anything else for that
+t43HG2gBjDo-04671-01095904-01096111 michelle no
+t43HG2gBjDo-04672-01096112-01096391 thank you thanks for having us you're
+t43HG2gBjDo-04673-01096392-01096463 welcome
+t43HG2gBjDo-04674-01096464-01096815 thank you
+t43HG2gBjDo-04675-01096816-01097142 so i will be uh ending the uh
+t43HG2gBjDo-04676-01097143-01097463 meeting now thank you very much thanks
+t43HG2gBjDo-04677-01097464-01097542 bye bye bye
+t43HG2gBjDo-04678-01097543-01097984 thank you bye bye