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+AyiVpInB6_g-00000-00000053-00000323 the National Statuary Hall collection in
+AyiVpInB6_g-00001-00000324-00000538 the United States Capitol is composed of
+AyiVpInB6_g-00002-00000539-00000782 statues donated by individual states to
+AyiVpInB6_g-00003-00000783-00000997 honor persons notable in their history
+AyiVpInB6_g-00004-00000998-00001256 limited to two statues per state the
+AyiVpInB6_g-00005-00001257-00001445 collection was originally set up in the
+AyiVpInB6_g-00006-00001446-00001570 old Hall of the House of Representatives
+AyiVpInB6_g-00007-00001571-00001829 which was then renamed National Statuary
+AyiVpInB6_g-00008-00001830-00002141 Hall the expanding collection has since
+AyiVpInB6_g-00009-00002142-00002312 been spread throughout the Capitol and
+AyiVpInB6_g-00010-00002313-00002585 it's visitors center with the addition
+AyiVpInB6_g-00011-00002586-00002864 of New Mexico's second statue in 2005
+AyiVpInB6_g-00012-00002865-00003113 the collection is now complete with 100
+AyiVpInB6_g-00013-00003114-00003361 statues contributed by 50 states plus
+AyiVpInB6_g-00014-00003362-00003554 one from the District of Columbia plus
+AyiVpInB6_g-00015-00003554-00003771 one for all the state's Rosa Parks
+AyiVpInB6_g-00016-00003772-00004156 Alabama Arizona California Florida Iowa
+AyiVpInB6_g-00017-00004157-00004400 Kansas Michigan and Ohio have each
+AyiVpInB6_g-00018-00004401-00004606 replaced one of their first two statues
+AyiVpInB6_g-00019-00004607-00004820 after Congress authorized replacements
+AyiVpInB6_g-00020-00004821-00005397 in 2000
+AyiVpInB6_g-00021-00005398-00005906 topic history
+AyiVpInB6_g-00022-00005907-00006161 the concept of a national Statuary Hall
+AyiVpInB6_g-00023-00006162-00006374 originated in the middle of the 19th
+AyiVpInB6_g-00024-00006375-00006563 century before the completion of the
+AyiVpInB6_g-00025-00006564-00006911 present house wing in 1857 at that time
+AyiVpInB6_g-00026-00006912-00007109 the House of Representatives moved into
+AyiVpInB6_g-00027-00007109-00007280 its new larger chamber and the old
+AyiVpInB6_g-00028-00007281-00007469 vacant chamber became a thoroughfare
+AyiVpInB6_g-00029-00007470-00007693 between the rotunda in the house wing
+AyiVpInB6_g-00030-00007694-00007913 suggestions for the use of the chamber
+AyiVpInB6_g-00031-00007914-00008195 were made as early as 1853 by governor
+AyiVpInB6_g-00032-00008196-00008371 Campbell a former member of the House
+AyiVpInB6_g-00033-00008372-00008573 who pressed for its use as a gallery of
+AyiVpInB6_g-00034-00008574-00008852 historical paintings the space between
+AyiVpInB6_g-00035-00008853-00009035 the columns seemed too limited for this
+AyiVpInB6_g-00036-00009036-00009218 purpose but it was well suited for the
+AyiVpInB6_g-00037-00009219-00009557 display of busts and statuary on April
+AyiVpInB6_g-00038-00009558-00009917 19th 1864 representative Justin s Morel
+AyiVpInB6_g-00039-00009918-00010202 asked to what end more useful or grand
+AyiVpInB6_g-00040-00010203-00010396 and at the same time simple and
+AyiVpInB6_g-00041-00010397-00010634 inexpensive can we devote it the chamber
+AyiVpInB6_g-00042-00010635-00010805 than to ordain that it shall be set
+AyiVpInB6_g-00043-00010806-00011039 apart for the reception of such statuary
+AyiVpInB6_g-00044-00011040-00011198 as each state shall elect to be
+AyiVpInB6_g-00045-00011199-00011354 deserving of in this lasting
+AyiVpInB6_g-00046-00011355-00011657 commemoration his proposal to create a
+AyiVpInB6_g-00047-00011658-00011882 national statuary hall became law on
+AyiVpInB6_g-00048-00011883-00012224 July 2nd 1864
+AyiVpInB6_g-00049-00012225-00012452 the president is hereby authorized to
+AyiVpInB6_g-00050-00012453-00012635 invite each in all the states to provide
+AyiVpInB6_g-00051-00012636-00012878 and furnish statues in marble or bronze
+AyiVpInB6_g-00052-00012879-00013091 not exceeding two in number for each
+AyiVpInB6_g-00053-00013091-00013286 state of deceased persons who have been
+AyiVpInB6_g-00054-00013287-00013490 citizens thereof and illustrious for
+AyiVpInB6_g-00055-00013491-00013631 their historic renown or four
+AyiVpInB6_g-00056-00013632-00013859 distinguished Civic or military services
+AyiVpInB6_g-00057-00013860-00014060 such as each state may deem to be worthy
+AyiVpInB6_g-00058-00014061-00014252 of this national commemoration and when
+AyiVpInB6_g-00059-00014253-00014447 so furnish the same shall be placed in
+AyiVpInB6_g-00060-00014447-00014561 the Old Hall of the House of
+AyiVpInB6_g-00061-00014562-00014750 Representatives in the capitol of the
+AyiVpInB6_g-00062-00014751-00014990 United States which is set apart or so
+AyiVpInB6_g-00063-00014991-00015191 much thereof as may be necessary as a
+AyiVpInB6_g-00064-00015191-00015416 national statuary hall for the purpose
+AyiVpInB6_g-00065-00015416-00015722 here in indicated originally all state
+AyiVpInB6_g-00066-00015722-00015956 statues were placed in national statuary
+AyiVpInB6_g-00067-00015957-00015986 hall
+AyiVpInB6_g-00068-00015987-00016232 however the aesthetic appearance of the
+AyiVpInB6_g-00069-00016233-00016433 hull began to suffer from overcrowding
+AyiVpInB6_g-00070-00016434-00016715 until in 1933 the situation became
+AyiVpInB6_g-00071-00016716-00017048 unbearable at that time the hall held 65
+AyiVpInB6_g-00072-00017049-00017306 statues which stood in some cases three
+AyiVpInB6_g-00073-00017307-00017573 deep more important the structure of the
+AyiVpInB6_g-00074-00017574-00017719 chamber would not support the weight of
+AyiVpInB6_g-00075-00017720-00018074 any more statues therefore in 1933
+AyiVpInB6_g-00076-00018075-00018386 Congress passed a resolution that the
+AyiVpInB6_g-00077-00018387-00018569 architect of the Capitol upon the
+AyiVpInB6_g-00078-00018570-00018725 approval of the Joint Committee on the
+AyiVpInB6_g-00079-00018726-00018890 library with the advice of the
+AyiVpInB6_g-00080-00018891-00019052 commission of Fine Arts is hereby
+AyiVpInB6_g-00081-00019053-00019250 authorized and directed to relocate
+AyiVpInB6_g-00082-00019251-00019460 within the Capitol any of the statues
+AyiVpInB6_g-00083-00019461-00019697 already received and placed in statuary
+AyiVpInB6_g-00084-00019698-00019886 hall and to provide for the reception
+AyiVpInB6_g-00085-00019887-00020069 and location of the statues received
+AyiVpInB6_g-00086-00020070-00020327 hereafter from the states under
+AyiVpInB6_g-00087-00020328-00020504 authority of this resolution it was
+AyiVpInB6_g-00088-00020505-00020717 decided that only one statue from each
+AyiVpInB6_g-00089-00020718-00020925 state should be placed in Statuary Hall
+AyiVpInB6_g-00090-00020926-00021169 the others would be given prominent
+AyiVpInB6_g-00091-00021170-00021380 locations in designated areas and
+AyiVpInB6_g-00092-00021381-00021635 corridors of the Capitol a second
+AyiVpInB6_g-00093-00021636-00021833 rearrangement of the statues was made in
+AyiVpInB6_g-00094-00021834-00022112 1976 by authorization of the Joint
+AyiVpInB6_g-00095-00022113-00022372 Committee on the library to improve the
+AyiVpInB6_g-00096-00022373-00022592 crowded appearance of the collection 38
+AyiVpInB6_g-00097-00022593-00022811 statues were rearranged in Statuary Hall
+AyiVpInB6_g-00098-00022812-00023122 according to height and material statues
+AyiVpInB6_g-00099-00023123-00023287 representing 10 of the 13 original
+AyiVpInB6_g-00100-00023288-00023516 colonies were moved to the central hall
+AyiVpInB6_g-00101-00023517-00023705 of the east front extension on the first
+AyiVpInB6_g-00102-00023706-00023947 floor of the Capitol the remainder of
+AyiVpInB6_g-00103-00023948-00024134 the statues were distributed throughout
+AyiVpInB6_g-00104-00024135-00024314 the Capitol mainly in the Hall of
+AyiVpInB6_g-00105-00024315-00024506 columns and the connecting corridors of
+AyiVpInB6_g-00106-00024507-00024791 the House and Senate wings legislation
+AyiVpInB6_g-00107-00024792-00025013 was introduced in 2005 that would
+AyiVpInB6_g-00108-00025014-00025208 authorize the collection to include one
+AyiVpInB6_g-00109-00025209-00025418 statue from each u.s. territory and
+AyiVpInB6_g-00110-00025419-00025603 another bill introduced in 20
+AyiVpInB6_g-00111-00025604-00025811 10 provides for participation by the
+AyiVpInB6_g-00112-00025812-00026192 District of Columbia neither past each
+AyiVpInB6_g-00113-00026193-00026414 statue is the gift of a state not of an
+AyiVpInB6_g-00114-00026414-00026626 individual or group of citizens
+AyiVpInB6_g-00115-00026627-00026858 proceedings for the donation of a statue
+AyiVpInB6_g-00116-00026858-00027101 usually begin in the state legislature
+AyiVpInB6_g-00117-00027102-00027295 with the enactment of a resolution that
+AyiVpInB6_g-00118-00027297-00027499 names the citizen to be commemorated and
+AyiVpInB6_g-00119-00027500-00027643 cites his or her qualifications
+AyiVpInB6_g-00120-00027644-00027877 specifies a committee or Commission to
+AyiVpInB6_g-00121-00027878-00028039 represent the state in selecting the
+AyiVpInB6_g-00122-00028040-00028226 sculptor and provides for a method of
+AyiVpInB6_g-00123-00028227-00028418 obtaining the necessary funds to carry
+AyiVpInB6_g-00124-00028419-00028687 the resolution into effect in recent
+AyiVpInB6_g-00125-00028688-00028864 years the statues have been unveiled
+AyiVpInB6_g-00126-00028865-00029048 during ceremonies in the Rotunda and
+AyiVpInB6_g-00127-00029049-00029233 displayed there for up to six months
+AyiVpInB6_g-00128-00029234-00029429 they are then moved to a permanent
+AyiVpInB6_g-00129-00029430-00029639 location approved by the Joint Committee
+AyiVpInB6_g-00130-00029639-00029995 on the library an act of Congress to USC
+AyiVpInB6_g-00131-00029996-00030412 section 2130 to enacted in 2000 per m't
+AyiVpInB6_g-00132-00030413-00030593 States to provide replacements and
+AyiVpInB6_g-00133-00030594-00030899 repossess the earlier one a special act
+AyiVpInB6_g-00134-00030900-00031333 of Congress pub l 109 to 116 signed on
+AyiVpInB6_g-00135-00031334-00031601 December 1st 2005 directed the Joint
+AyiVpInB6_g-00136-00031602-00031765 Committee on the library to obtain a
+AyiVpInB6_g-00137-00031766-00031982 statue of Rosa Parks and to place the
+AyiVpInB6_g-00138-00031983-00032195 statue in the United States Capitol in
+AyiVpInB6_g-00139-00032195-00032405 National Statuary Hall in a suitable
+AyiVpInB6_g-00140-00032406-00032789 permanent location On February 27 2013
+AyiVpInB6_g-00141-00032790-00033001 parks became the first African American
+AyiVpInB6_g-00142-00033002-00033202 woman to have her likeness in the hall
+AyiVpInB6_g-00143-00033203-00033505 though located in Statuary Hall Park
+AyiVpInB6_g-00144-00033506-00033701 statue is not part of the collection
+AyiVpInB6_g-00145-00033702-00033917 neither Alabama her birth state Moore
+AyiVpInB6_g-00146-00033918-00034087 Michigan where she lived most of her
+AyiVpInB6_g-00147-00034088-00034258 later years commissioned it and both
+AyiVpInB6_g-00148-00034259-00034414 states are represented in the collection
+AyiVpInB6_g-00149-00034415-00035054 by other statues
+AyiVpInB6_g-00150-00035055-00035582 topic demographics
+AyiVpInB6_g-00151-00035583-00035923 you
+AyiVpInB6_g-00152-00035924-00036392 topic women
+AyiVpInB6_g-00153-00036393-00036587 the collection currently includes
+AyiVpInB6_g-00154-00036588-00036842 representations of nine women Francis II
+AyiVpInB6_g-00155-00036843-00037064 Willard the first statue of a woman in
+AyiVpInB6_g-00156-00037065-00037249 the collection was also sculpted by a
+AyiVpInB6_g-00157-00037250-00037468 woman Helen Farnsworth mirrors Helen
+AyiVpInB6_g-00158-00037469-00037508 Keller
+AyiVpInB6_g-00159-00037509-00037745 Florence Aben Maria Sanford Jeanette
+AyiVpInB6_g-00160-00037746-00037952 Rankin the first woman elected to the
+AyiVpInB6_g-00161-00037953-00038152 House and famously the only member of
+AyiVpInB6_g-00162-00038153-00038387 Congress to vote against us entry into
+AyiVpInB6_g-00163-00038388-00038618 both world wars Sakakawea and Sarah
+AyiVpInB6_g-00164-00038619-00038789 Winnemucca two of the six American
+AyiVpInB6_g-00165-00038790-00039026 Indians in the collection mother Joseph
+AyiVpInB6_g-00166-00039027-00039230 a native of Canada and Esther Hobart
+AyiVpInB6_g-00167-00039231-00039496 Morris a statue of Mary McLeod Bethune
+AyiVpInB6_g-00168-00039497-00040095 has been authorized
+AyiVpInB6_g-00169-00040096-00040667 topic native-american members
+AyiVpInB6_g-00170-00040668-00040904 the vast majority of the collection as
+AyiVpInB6_g-00171-00040905-00041117 of white men but it includes statues of
+AyiVpInB6_g-00172-00041118-00041345 Native Hawaiian Kamehameha the first and
+AyiVpInB6_g-00173-00041346-00041558 of six Native Americans Pope a Will
+AyiVpInB6_g-00174-00041559-00041864 Rogers Sequoia Sakakawea Washakie and
+AyiVpInB6_g-00175-00041865-00042439 Sarah Winnemucca
+AyiVpInB6_g-00176-00042440-00043030 topic members of Hispanic descent
+AyiVpInB6_g-00177-00043031-00043303 Dennis Chavez New Mexico the first
+AyiVpInB6_g-00178-00043304-00043519 person of Hispanic descent to be elected
+AyiVpInB6_g-00179-00043520-00043687 to a full term in the US Senate
+AyiVpInB6_g-00180-00043688-00043996 Father Junipero Serra born in Spain was
+AyiVpInB6_g-00181-00043997-00044209 a Spanish era founder of the California
+AyiVpInB6_g-00182-00044210-00044754 mission system
+AyiVpInB6_g-00183-00044755-00045333 topic african-american members
+AyiVpInB6_g-00184-00045334-00045654 until 2018 no state had designated an
+AyiVpInB6_g-00185-00045655-00045834 african-american as one of its two
+AyiVpInB6_g-00186-00045835-00046056 statues the sculpture of Martin Luther
+AyiVpInB6_g-00187-00046057-00046262 King jr. and the statue of Rosa Parks
+AyiVpInB6_g-00188-00046263-00046479 are there by special acts of Congress
+AyiVpInB6_g-00189-00046480-00046692 which commissioned beech in March 2018
+AyiVpInB6_g-00190-00046693-00046868 the governor of Florida signed
+AyiVpInB6_g-00191-00046869-00047076 legislation to replace the statue of
+AyiVpInB6_g-00192-00047077-00047283 Edmund Kirby Smith with one of African
+AyiVpInB6_g-00193-00047284-00047445 American educator and civil rights
+AyiVpInB6_g-00194-00047446-00048114 activist Mary McLeod Bethune
+AyiVpInB6_g-00195-00048115-00048620 topic Confederates
+AyiVpInB6_g-00196-00048621-00048871 the collection contains several statues
+AyiVpInB6_g-00197-00048872-00049049 of leaders of the Confederate States of
+AyiVpInB6_g-00198-00049050-00049121 America
+AyiVpInB6_g-00199-00049122-00049418 these include si si president Jefferson
+AyiVpInB6_g-00200-00049419-00049577 Davis and vice president Alexander
+AyiVpInB6_g-00201-00049578-00049837 Stephens and Confederate soldiers most
+AyiVpInB6_g-00202-00049838-00050081 in Confederate Army uniforms generals
+AyiVpInB6_g-00203-00050082-00050270 robert e lee Joseph wheeler
+AyiVpInB6_g-00204-00050271-00050512 James Z George Wade Hampton three and
+AyiVpInB6_g-00205-00050513-00050717 Edmund Kirby Smith as well as Colonel
+AyiVpInB6_g-00206-00050718-00050930 Zebulon Baird Vance and former enlisted
+AyiVpInB6_g-00207-00050931-00051232 soldier John McKenna the collection also
+AyiVpInB6_g-00208-00051233-00051512 includes a statue of Uriah M rose who is
+AyiVpInB6_g-00209-00051513-00051686 the Chancellor of Pulaski County
+AyiVpInB6_g-00210-00051687-00051892 Arkansas while Arkansas was part of the
+AyiVpInB6_g-00211-00051894-00052207 Confederacy Alabama replaced its statue
+AyiVpInB6_g-00212-00052208-00052436 of Confederate politician and army
+AyiVpInB6_g-00213-00052437-00052841 officer Jabba's curry in 2009 in 2018
+AyiVpInB6_g-00214-00052841-00053051 the Florida Legislature voted to replace
+AyiVpInB6_g-00215-00053052-00053297 Edmund Kirby Smith with African American
+AyiVpInB6_g-00216-00053298-00053516 educator and civil rights activist Mary
+AyiVpInB6_g-00217-00053516-00054116 McLeod Bethune
+AyiVpInB6_g-00218-00054116-00054613 topic collection
+AyiVpInB6_g-00219-00054614-00054955 you
+AyiVpInB6_g-00220-00054957-00055469 topic state gifts
+AyiVpInB6_g-00221-00055470-00055809 you
+AyiVpInB6_g-00222-00055810-00056391 topic other statues of people
+AyiVpInB6_g-00223-00056391-00056622 other statues under the control of the
+AyiVpInB6_g-00224-00056623-00057130 architect of the Capitol
+AyiVpInB6_g-00225-00057132-00057609 topic allegorical or mythical sculptures
+AyiVpInB6_g-00226-00057610-00057766 you
+AyiVpInB6_g-00227-00057766-00057967 sculpture under the control of the
+AyiVpInB6_g-00228-00057969-00058507 architect of the Capitol
+AyiVpInB6_g-00229-00058508-00059112 topic replacement of statues
+AyiVpInB6_g-00230-00059113-00059424 a 2003 change in the law allows a state
+AyiVpInB6_g-00231-00059425-00059622 to remove a previously placed statue
+AyiVpInB6_g-00232-00059623-00059811 from the collection and replace it with
+AyiVpInB6_g-00233-00059812-00060000 another since then
+AyiVpInB6_g-00234-00060001-00060216 seven states have replaced statues with
+AyiVpInB6_g-00235-00060217-00060369 two of those states considering
+AyiVpInB6_g-00236-00060370-00061009 replacing a second statue
+AyiVpInB6_g-00237-00061010-00061516 topic replacements
+AyiVpInB6_g-00238-00061516-00061788 Alabama replaced its statue of Jabba's
+AyiVpInB6_g-00239-00061789-00062043 curry in 2009 with one of Helen Keller
+AyiVpInB6_g-00240-00062044-00062310 the curry statue is now at Samford
+AyiVpInB6_g-00241-00062311-00062643 University in Birmingham Alabama Arizona
+AyiVpInB6_g-00242-00062644-00062874 replaced its statue of John Campbell
+AyiVpInB6_g-00243-00062875-00063117 Greenway in 2015 with one of Barry
+AyiVpInB6_g-00244-00063118-00063405 Goldwater the statue is now at the Polly
+AyiVpInB6_g-00245-00063406-00063636 Rosenbaum archives and history building
+AyiVpInB6_g-00246-00063637-00063816 near the Arizona State Capitol in
+AyiVpInB6_g-00247-00063817-00064113 Phoenix California replaced its statue
+AyiVpInB6_g-00248-00064114-00064356 of Thomas Stark King with one of Ronald
+AyiVpInB6_g-00249-00064357-00064680 Reagan in 2009 the king statue now
+AyiVpInB6_g-00250-00064681-00064915 stands in Capitol Park at the California
+AyiVpInB6_g-00251-00064916-00065223 State Capitol in Sacramento Iowa
+AyiVpInB6_g-00252-00065224-00065442 replaced its statue of James Harlan in
+AyiVpInB6_g-00253-00065443-00065709 2014 with one of Norman Borlaug who is
+AyiVpInB6_g-00254-00065710-00065853 considered the founder of the Green
+AyiVpInB6_g-00255-00065854-00066126 Revolution the Harlan statue is now
+AyiVpInB6_g-00256-00066127-00066342 displayed at Iowa Wesleyan College in
+AyiVpInB6_g-00257-00066343-00066675 Mount Pleasant Iowa Kansas replaced its
+AyiVpInB6_g-00258-00066676-00066873 statue of George Washington Glick with
+AyiVpInB6_g-00259-00066874-00067215 one of Dwight D Eisenhower in 2003 the
+AyiVpInB6_g-00260-00067216-00067431 Glick statue now resides at the Kansas
+AyiVpInB6_g-00261-00067432-00067697 State Historical Society in Topeka
+AyiVpInB6_g-00262-00067698-00067921 Michigan replaced its statue of
+AyiVpInB6_g-00263-00067922-00068115 Zachariah Chandler with one of Gerald
+AyiVpInB6_g-00264-00068116-00068451 Ford in 2011 the Chandler statue is now
+AyiVpInB6_g-00265-00068452-00068665 in the atrium of Constitution Hall in
+AyiVpInB6_g-00266-00068666-00068976 Lansing Michigan Ohio replaced its
+AyiVpInB6_g-00267-00068977-00069162 statue of William Allen with one of
+AyiVpInB6_g-00268-00069163-00069378 inventor and businessman Thomas Edison
+AyiVpInB6_g-00269-00069379-00069715 in 2016 Allen's statue was returned to
+AyiVpInB6_g-00270-00069716-00070307 his hometown of Chillicothe
+AyiVpInB6_g-00271-00070308-00070671 topic replacement pending
+AyiVpInB6_g-00272-00070672-00070845 you
+AyiVpInB6_g-00273-00070846-00071201 Florida on march 19th 2018 Governor Rick
+AyiVpInB6_g-00274-00071202-00071424 Scott signed legislation replacing its
+AyiVpInB6_g-00275-00071425-00071643 statue of Edmund Kirby Smith with one of
+AyiVpInB6_g-00276-00071644-00071787 the african-american civil rights
+AyiVpInB6_g-00277-00071788-00072009 activist and educator Mary McLeod
+AyiVpInB6_g-00278-00072010-00072251 Bethune the statue was to have been
+AyiVpInB6_g-00279-00072252-00072438 moved to the Lake County Historical
+AyiVpInB6_g-00280-00072439-00072675 Museum in Tavares after residents of st.
+AyiVpInB6_g-00281-00072676-00072909 Augustine his birthplace expressed no
+AyiVpInB6_g-00282-00072910-00073197 interest however at a County Commission
+AyiVpInB6_g-00283-00073198-00073542 meeting on July 24th 2018 about 24
+AyiVpInB6_g-00284-00073543-00073728 residents spoke against and none in
+AyiVpInB6_g-00285-00073729-00073919 favor of bringing the statue to Lake
+AyiVpInB6_g-00286-00073920-00074184 County chairmen Sullivan assured the
+AyiVpInB6_g-00287-00074185-00074340 crowd that the Commission would tell the
+AyiVpInB6_g-00288-00074341-00074538 historical museum that there is no
+AyiVpInB6_g-00289-00074539-00074748 longer a want or desired to bring this
+AyiVpInB6_g-00290-00074749-00075058 statue to Lake County
+AyiVpInB6_g-00291-00075059-00075430 North Carolina on October 2nd 2015 North
+AyiVpInB6_g-00292-00075431-00075667 Carolina Governor Pat McCrory signed a
+AyiVpInB6_g-00293-00075668-00075871 bill replacing the statue of Charles a
+AyiVpInB6_g-00294-00075872-00076063 kkuk with one of Reverend Billy Graham
+AyiVpInB6_g-00295-00076064-00076297 however the replacement was delayed
+AyiVpInB6_g-00296-00076298-00076444 because the statues must represent
+AyiVpInB6_g-00297-00076445-00076693 deceased individuals Reverend Graham did
+AyiVpInB6_g-00298-00076694-00077071 not die until February 2018 Utah on
+AyiVpInB6_g-00299-00077072-00077329 April 4th 2018 governor gary Herbert
+AyiVpInB6_g-00300-00077330-00077581 signed legislation replacing its statue
+AyiVpInB6_g-00301-00077582-00077797 of fillo Farnsworth with a statue of
+AyiVpInB6_g-00302-00077798-00077980 Martha Hughes cannon the first woman
+AyiVpInB6_g-00303-00077981-00078704 elected as a state senator in US history
+AyiVpInB6_g-00304-00078705-00078947 topic under consideration for
+AyiVpInB6_g-00305-00078948-00079358 replacement
+AyiVpInB6_g-00306-00079359-00079614 California having already replaced one
+AyiVpInB6_g-00307-00079615-00079869 of its statues as of June 2015
+AyiVpInB6_g-00308-00079870-00080082 California was considering replacing its
+AyiVpInB6_g-00309-00080083-00080283 statue of Junipero Serra with one of
+AyiVpInB6_g-00310-00080284-00080533 astronaut Sally Ride
+AyiVpInB6_g-00311-00080534-00080788 Kansas having already replaced one of
+AyiVpInB6_g-00312-00080789-00081025 its statues Kansas currently has plans
+AyiVpInB6_g-00313-00081026-00081226 to replace the statue of John James
+AyiVpInB6_g-00314-00081227-00081424 Ingalls with one of female aviation
+AyiVpInB6_g-00315-00081425-00081772 pioneer Amelia Earhart
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00000-00000000-00000241 good evening everybody and welcome to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00001-00000242-00000544 the nearly 800 participants we have
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00002-00000545-00000923 joined in for the webinar tonight we
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00003-00000924-00001075 have three and a half thousand people
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00004-00001076-00001298 registered which is a record for any of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00005-00001299-00001577 the MHP n webinar so it's testament to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00006-00001578-00001982 how important this topic is and it's
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00007-00001982-00002114 great to have people collaborating
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00008-00002115-00002330 together so this is put on by the mental
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00009-00002331-00002495 health professionals network in
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00010-00002496-00002714 collaboration with ask us and I'll talk
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00011-00002715-00003067 about that in a moment so firstly MHP n
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00012-00003068-00003199 wishes to acknowledge the traditional
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00013-00003200-00003452 custodians of the lands across australia
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00014-00003453-00003706 upon which our webinar presenters and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00015-00003707-00004063 participants are located we wish to pay
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00016-00004064-00004288 respect to the elders past present and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00017-00004289-00004511 future for the memories the traditions
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00018-00004512-00004702 the culture and hopes of indigenous
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00019-00004703-00005045 Australia I'm Miriam alliance and I'll
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00020-00005046-00005293 be facilitating tonight's session I'm a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00021-00005294-00005422 general practitioner and a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00022-00005423-00005743 psychotherapist working in Ken's in
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00023-00005744-00006259 North Queensland and I've facilitated a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00024-00006260-00006658 number of the MHP n webinars in the past
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00025-00006659-00006926 so the first thing I just quickly like
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00026-00006927-00007256 to do is to invite you to participate in
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00027-00007256-00007573 a brief poll which read back
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00028-00007575-00007723 conferencing it is going to pop up now
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00029-00007725-00007924 so if you're able to just answer the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00030-00007925-00008246 poll on your screen and we'll see how
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00031-00008247-00008528 quickly it takes to get 800 people to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00032-00008529-00008777 respond so I'm just going to keep
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00033-00008778-00009092 talking while you do that I did notice
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00034-00009093-00009323 in the chat box at the beginning that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00035-00009324-00009506 there's people into very cold places
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00036-00009507-00009770 today so I understand it was minus 3 and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00037-00009771-00009989 launceston this morning and even in
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00038-00009990-00010214 Queensland it was zero inchallah ville I
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00039-00010215-00010442 can assure you it is nowhere near that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00040-00010443-00010774 in cans at the moment and I think people
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00041-00010775-00010928 in Melbourne say that it's about five
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00042-00010929-00011252 degrees now so some one of the great
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00043-00011253-00011402 things about these webinars is just
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00044-00011403-00011720 having people from all over Australia so
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00045-00011721-00011870 i'm not sure if you saw on the pole n
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00046-00011871-00012028 but we have a great distribution of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00047-00012029-00012277 people from metropolitan and regional
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00048-00012278-00012535 centres and a couple of internationals
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00049-00012536-00012938 so welcome everybody so before i
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00050-00012938-00013111 introduce the panel to you I do just
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00051-00013112-00013243 want to acknowledge the support of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00052-00013244-00013366 adults of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00053-00013368-00013567 iving child abuse in the production of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00054-00013568-00013939 this webinar so you will have received
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00055-00013940-00014308 the bios for the panelists before the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00056-00014309-00014594 webinar when you signed up and I'd like
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00057-00014594-00014767 to just introduce each of them one by
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00058-00014768-00015080 one so first of all I like to introduce
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00059-00015081-00015377 Jack Taylor the Shuster coordinator of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00060-00015378-00015602 counseling services and royal commission
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00061-00015603-00015758 support services and is from South
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00062-00015759-00016022 Australia welcome Jack wood to have you
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00063-00016022-00016264 with us darling very much great
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00064-00016265-00016478 leadership you've worked a lot with
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00065-00016479-00016717 people who have been impacted by the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00066-00016718-00016967 Royal Commission into child sexual abuse
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00067-00016968-00017180 and in fact I understand some of the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00068-00017181-00017408 funding for this webinar has come from
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00069-00017409-00017578 the Royal Commission to help mental
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00070-00017579-00017717 health practitioners support those
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00071-00017718-00018019 people as well so it's fantastic to have
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00072-00018020-00018283 your expertise on this panel I just
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00073-00018284-00018436 wondered what first inspired your
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00074-00018437-00018756 interest in this kind of complex area I
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00075-00018757-00019042 have had an interest in complex trauma
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00076-00019043-00019211 for many years and I think that probably
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00077-00019212-00019436 started when I was doing my social work
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00078-00019437-00019615 training and I read Judith Herman's
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00079-00019616-00019858 trauma and recovery and it had a massive
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00080-00019859-00020174 impact on how I thought about things and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00081-00020175-00020428 how I practiced I initially started
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00082-00020429-00020656 practice supporting women experiencing
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00083-00020657-00021008 domestic violence and so I have a really
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00084-00021009-00021253 significant interest in interpersonal
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00085-00021254-00021536 abuse and trauma you know the trauma
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00086-00021537-00021946 that generates so for me coming into a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00087-00021947-00022100 service that was supporting the Royal
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00088-00022101-00022367 Commission was with tailor-made for me
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00089-00022368-00022540 and I'm really enjoying it and I'm
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00090-00022541-00022792 really enjoying the fact that we're now
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00091-00022793-00022987 having a national conversation about
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00092-00022988-00023497 complex trauma yeah thank you so much
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00093-00023498-00023842 Jack and also joining us from Victoria
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00094-00023843-00024019 well I know you're in South Australia
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00095-00024020-00024314 dirt in the cold places naomi is from
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00096-00024315-00024715 Victoria welcome Naomi thank you so
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00097-00024716-00024943 you're a social worker and I know that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00098-00024944-00025099 you're very involved in training
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00099-00025100-00025303 practitioners in the area of complex
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00100-00025304-00025478 trauma and I wonder if you could just
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00101-00025479-00025649 tell us a little bit about that that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00102-00025650-00025834 kind of training work and particularly
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00103-00025835-00026093 with regard to vicarious trauma just
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00104-00026094-00026277 briefly
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00105-00026279-00026611 yes all I've been in practice in some
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00106-00026612-00026999 1987 and when I first realized that I
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00107-00027000-00027212 was working with people with severe
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00108-00027213-00027416 dissociative disorders and set about
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00109-00027417-00027713 looking for training and supervision and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00110-00027714-00028004 people to refer to I very quickly found
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00111-00028005-00028163 that there really wasn't a lot happening
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00112-00028164-00028430 in Australia at that time which prompted
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00113-00028431-00028580 me first of all to be going to the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00114-00028581-00028814 states to seek out training and then
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00115-00028814-00028927 realize that that really wasn't
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00116-00028929-00029162 sustainable financially and so my
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00117-00029163-00029426 business partner and I decided that what
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00118-00029427-00029558 a great thing we were to do would be to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00119-00029558-00029833 bring people out to Australia so that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00120-00029833-00030029 mental health professionals across
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00121-00030030-00030257 across Australia could benefit from
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00122-00030258-00030611 training from experts in the field and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00123-00030612-00030767 after I've been working in the air
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00124-00030768-00030932 because i was i was working with clients
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00125-00030933-00031376 for 25 years and at some point in that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00126-00031377-00031598 process I you know realized that I was
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00127-00031599-00031783 experiencing the impacts of a carrier's
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00128-00031785-00032036 trauma and so that was really what
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00129-00032037-00032261 spurred my interests and the need to be
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00130-00032262-00032452 looking after ourselves as much as we
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00131-00032454-00032614 are looking after our client so that if
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00132-00032616-00032930 we really aren't pay attention to our
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00133-00032931-00033206 own well-being and then we can very
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00134-00033207-00033479 easily find that we're doing a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00135-00033480-00033692 disservice to our clients because our
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00136-00033693-00034135 own issues get in the way
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00137-00034136-00034409 yeah that's so important thanks ma'am
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00138-00034410-00034547 it's great to have you on the panel
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00139-00034548-00034829 thank you for inviting me and i'd like
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00140-00034830-00035105 to welcome John so John Ellis is a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00141-00035106-00035390 survivor and a solicitor who provides
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00142-00035391-00035624 legal support to survivors from New
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00143-00035625-00035849 South Wales and it's great to have you
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00144-00035850-00036053 with us John and I wonder if you could
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00145-00036054-00036215 tell us a little bit about the kind of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00146-00036216-00036449 work that you do with survivors I do no
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00147-00036450-00036733 evil for the last seven or eight years
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00148-00036734-00037016 it's been effectively the only work that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00149-00037017-00037280 was done which is working for survivors
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00150-00037281-00037541 of sexual abuse started off in a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00151-00037542-00037835 Catholic context and that's because a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00152-00037836-00038138 group of people contacted me of course
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00153-00038139-00038339 they knew about my own history of clergy
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00154-00038340-00038675 abuse and my own attempts to seek
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00155-00038676-00038873 compensation and redress from the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00156-00038874-00039095 Catholic Church and they they asked me
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00157-00039096-00039715 to help them to do the same thing so
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00158-00039716-00039998 that that's expanded and particularly
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00159-00039999-00040205 since the Royal Commission was announced
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00160-00040206-00040415 were being approached by people in the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00161-00040416-00040634 whole range of institutions that we
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00162-00040635-00040772 haven't had dealings with in the past
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00163-00040773-00041387 and in quite extraordinary numbers and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00164-00041388-00041792 my letter you know it's an extraordinary
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00165-00041793-00042104 time in health community to be having
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00166-00042105-00042248 these issues addressed on a national
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00167-00042249-00042941 scale it also highlights the I think the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00168-00042942-00043106 great importance of the groundwork that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00169-00043107-00043415 we put in to doing this work so working
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00170-00043416-00043628 in a former in conway and ensuring that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00171-00043629-00043940 people have appropriate support through
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00172-00043941-00044264 the course of the process thanks so much
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00173-00044265-00044456 done and it's a privilege to have you
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00174-00044457-00044642 here and being willing to share those
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00175-00044643-00045001 aspects of your experience and such
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00176-00045002-00045227 interesting perspective to the audience
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00177-00045228-00045440 to have someone who's a bite from the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00178-00045441-00045641 legal profession and a survivor so it's
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00179-00045642-00045895 great to have you with us thank you and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00180-00045896-00046249 last but of course not least is
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00181-00046250-00046603 Professor Warwick Middleton who's a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00182-00046604-00046895 psychiatrist from Queensland and with
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00183-00046896-00047114 lots of other hats as well but I'm
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00184-00047115-00047297 worried I just wondered from your
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00185-00047298-00047392 experience have
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00186-00047393-00047551 been involved in this field for such a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00187-00047552-00047758 long time what are some of the best
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00188-00047759-00048010 changes or improvements that have been
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00189-00048011-00048274 made to better support people
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00190-00048275-00048627 experiencing trauma
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00191-00048628-00049096 well you go back a generation and the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00192-00049097-00049369 the effects of trauma and in the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00193-00049370-00049555 causation of mental health outcomes was
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00194-00049556-00049981 barely noticed and if you if you look at
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00195-00049982-00050191 the sort of conditions that go with
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00196-00050192-00050425 complex trauma dissociative conditions
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00197-00050426-00050755 severe chronic PTSD etc they were just
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00198-00050756-00051016 emerging a generation ago and if you act
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00199-00051017-00051166 if you look at all the research that's
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00200-00051167-00051382 been done on you know mental health
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00201-00051383-00051729 populations we find that two-thirds of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00202-00051730-00051934 the of the average mental health
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00203-00051935-00052200 population inpatient outpatient has been
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00204-00052201-00052507 sexually and or physically abused and if
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00205-00052508-00052660 you had emotional abuse you probably up
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00206-00052661-00052933 to about eighty percent you know and and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00207-00052934-00053241 that's you can't always say that that's
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00208-00053242-00053491 it that's the only causation of the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00209-00053491-00053703 presentation but there's an enormous
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00210-00053704-00054024 confluence of data which shows that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00211-00054025-00054274 having a really lousy childhood with a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00212-00054275-00054433 lot of different forms of trauma and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00213-00054434-00054622 abuse means that you're going to have a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00214-00054623-00054898 lot of problems down the track so I
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00215-00054899-00055126 think that the fact we're having a real
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00216-00055127-00055390 Commission in Australia's of the magnet
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00217-00055391-00055624 unit is with the sort of scope that it
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00218-00055625-00055822 is sort of pretty well unprecedented in
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00219-00055823-00056062 human history and does lead to the next
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00220-00056063-00056217 question which is one word I can just
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00221-00056219-00056407 sort of live as an open question while
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00222-00056408-00056635 we're focusing I guess on institutional
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00223-00056636-00056920 abuse and in the context of our our case
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00224-00056921-00057180 today the you know the biggest the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00225-00057182-00057466 biggest source of severe childhood abuse
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00226-00057466-00057741 still actually lies within the family so
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00227-00057742-00058132 thanks Mary thanks work now just on a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00228-00058133-00058300 technical issue just like to let
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00229-00058301-00058465 everyone know that because we have so
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00230-00058466-00058648 many people on we've got 910
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00231-00058649-00058903 participants and the panel we're needing
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00232-00058904-00059125 to go to one camera at a time just to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00233-00059126-00059362 optimize the bandwidth in the webinar
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00234-00059363-00059836 platform so um the just to let you know
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00235-00059837-00060103 many of you have participated before but
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00236-00060104-00060253 for those who haven't the mental health
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00237-00060254-00060421 professional network is funded by the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00238-00060422-00060571 Commonwealth department of social
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00239-00060572-00060901 services to deliver this pd webinar and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00240-00060902-00061075 a lot of other things to practitioners
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00241-00061076-00061339 who support individuals and communities
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00242-00061340-00061585 affected by or engaging in the Royal
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00243-00061586-00061822 Commission into institutional responses
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00244-00061823-00061996 to child sexual abuse
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00245-00061997-00062199 so this is specific funding that we
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00246-00062200-00062524 would like to acknowledge there's just a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00247-00062525-00062674 few ground rules and then we'll get into
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00248-00062675-00063041 the juicy bits so just make sure that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00249-00063042-00063271 remembering that this is a public forum
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00250-00063272-00063441 so when you type something into the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00251-00063442-00063612 general chat box which is down there
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00252-00063613-00064005 flashing orange 950 people can see it to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00253-00064006-00064273 make sure you're happy for that there's
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00254-00064274-00064500 an arrow pointing to it right now now if
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00255-00064501-00064701 you find the chat distracting because
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00256-00064702-00064891 it's extremely busy with this many
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00257-00064891-00065104 people there's a small arrow in the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00258-00065104-00065337 middle of the screen you can minimize it
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00259-00065338-00065829 if you don't want to see the chest and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00260-00065830-00066230 at the end of the webinar there'll be a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00261-00066231-00066462 survey an exit poll and we would love to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00262-00066463-00066606 hear from you about how you found the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00263-00066607-00066882 experience and suggested topics for the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00264-00066883-00067176 future and other such things and mhtn
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00265-00067177-00067372 does take notice of your feedback and it
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00266-00067373-00067605 has informed subsequent webinars in the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00267-00067606-00067824 past thank you to those of you who
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00268-00067825-00068136 submitted questions beforehand which
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00269-00068137-00068376 there were several hundreds so it is not
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00270-00068377-00068499 going to be possible to answer
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00271-00068500-00068785 everyone's questions but many of you
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00272-00068786-00069010 will have your questions answered as we
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00273-00069011-00069235 go through so what's going to happen or
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00274-00069236-00069425 just to go over the learning outcomes
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00275-00069426-00069687 we're aiming for a better understanding
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00276-00069688-00070029 of the impacts the multiple impacts of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00277-00070030-00070344 complex trauma a better understanding of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00278-00070345-00070542 how services and practitioners can
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00279-00070543-00070686 respond effectively and that's in
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00280-00070687-00070879 assessment and treatment and supporting
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00281-00070880-00071122 people and then some really practical
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00282-00071123-00071343 take home tips about how we work
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00283-00071344-00071562 together which is the primary aim of the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00284-00071563-00071855 mental health professionals network
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00285-00071856-00072085 before we go on just to let you know
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00286-00072086-00072254 what will happen is each of these
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00287-00072255-00072456 participant list will present a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00288-00072457-00072715 discipline specific response to the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00289-00072716-00073104 story that we read beforehand and then
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00290-00073105-00073394 there will be a discussion between the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00291-00073395-00073654 panelists and we will include the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00292-00073655-00073861 questions that you submitted beforehand
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00293-00073862-00074055 and whatever is going on in the chat box
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00294-00074056-00074388 within what's possible so without any
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00295-00074389-00074925 further ado I would like to welcome Jack
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00296-00074926-00075213 and just to remind you very briefly that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00297-00075214-00075349 we're talking about Brad
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00298-00075350-00075565 he's a father of two and he's
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00299-00075566-00075763 experiencing a range of symptoms which
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00300-00075764-00075952 have seemed to have been triggered by
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00301-00075953-00076132 remembering an incident from his
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00302-00076133-00076456 childhood the jack how would you respond
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00303-00076457-00076765 to Brad were you to meet him thanks Mary
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00304-00076766-00077092 I want to start tonight by just flagging
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00305-00077093-00077263 some of the common effects of child
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00306-00077264-00077593 sexual abuse as I think it's important
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00307-00077594-00077749 for us all to have an understanding of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00308-00077750-00078049 these I think him in my work with
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00309-00078050-00078321 survivors the feeling of shame and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00310-00078322-00078646 responsibility is very profound and I
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00311-00078647-00078799 think one of the most common things I
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00312-00078800-00079039 here particularly for male survivors is
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00313-00079040-00079390 I let it happen that's so real for them
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00314-00079391-00079699 can also be commonly feelings of anger
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00315-00079700-00079894 and outrage and these can both be
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00316-00079895-00080169 internally and externally directed
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00317-00080170-00080434 experiencing as Brad is is doing at the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00318-00080435-00080683 moment vivid memories intense feelings
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00319-00080684-00080860 but also at the other end of the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00320-00080861-00081051 spectrum numbness and dissociation
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00321-00081052-00081373 feeling isolated difficulty trusting
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00322-00081374-00081711 people and experiencing intimacy and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00323-00081712-00082021 often for men were in particular but not
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00324-00082022-00082216 exclusively worrying if they'll abuse
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00325-00082217-00082431 children and questioning their sexuality
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00326-00082432-00082786 particularly if they may of the abuser
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00327-00082787-00083065 was a male and difficulty in trusting
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00328-00083066-00083314 their own judgement so I think these are
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00329-00083315-00083584 just some of the effects but as would
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00330-00083585-00083797 seem fairly obvious these really do have
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00331-00083798-00084022 a very significant impact on people's
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00332-00084023-00084454 well-being as adults in doing this work
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00333-00084455-00084679 in supporting survivors and as a social
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00334-00084680-00084862 worker what I found to be really
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00335-00084863-00085180 important is to adopt a trauma lens so
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00336-00085181-00085429 whilst experiencing traumatic events can
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00337-00085430-00085636 result in mental health symptomatology
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00338-00085637-00085893 as we're seeing in Brad's case study
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00339-00085894-00086215 when you were dr. trauma lens what we do
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00340-00086216-00086416 is we ask what has happened to Brad
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00341-00086417-00086637 rather than what is wrong with Brad so
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00342-00086638-00086890 briefly trauma-informed practice
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00343-00086891-00087094 involves recognizing the trauma
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00344-00087095-00087357 histories of consumers it can minimize
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00345-00087358-00087586 retraumatization which can be all too
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00346-00087587-00087859 common in system responses and really
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00347-00087860-00088094 importantly of you symptoms as
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00348-00088095-00088357 adaptations which are coping strategies
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00349-00088358-00088632 these were this this is how the child
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00350-00088633-00088729 survived the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00351-00088730-00089023 u.s. made sense of the abuse so this
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00352-00089024-00089179 it's really important to acknowledge
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00353-00089180-00089509 that these are adaptive also knowing
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00354-00089510-00089650 though that for some of these at least
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00355-00089651-00089884 they can become quite problematic as
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00356-00089885-00090121 adults and live to lead to health issues
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00357-00090122-00090460 and really importantly recovery is
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00358-00090461-00090673 possible we know now from the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00359-00090674-00090967 neuroscience that the braids of the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00360-00090968-00091243 plasticity of the brain so people can
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00361-00091244-00091531 recover from these experiences there is
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00362-00091532-00092056 hope so Oscar and others are now asking
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00363-00092057-00092260 for a new paradigm to be adopted
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00364-00092261-00092446 particularly amongst mental health
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00365-00092447-00092743 professionals and it's been referred to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00366-00092744-00092956 usually as trauma-informed care and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00367-00092957-00093231 practice for an organization to adopt
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00368-00093232-00093456 this there's five principles that are
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00369-00093457-00093675 really important and the first of those
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00370-00093676-00094009 is safety and when my fav tyramine that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00371-00094010-00094225 the physical and emotional safety of the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00372-00094226-00094543 consumer it's also about safety to be
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00373-00094544-00094768 able to be in a counseling space from
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00374-00094769-00095031 walking in the door to reception through
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00375-00095032-00095296 to the counseling room and particularly
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00376-00095297-00095491 the relationship with the counselor
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00377-00095492-00095866 needs to be safe trustworthiness which
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00378-00095867-00096037 is the work of the counselor
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00379-00096038-00096194 demonstrating their trustworthiness
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00380-00096195-00096541 through transparency consistency and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00381-00096542-00096685 what I think is really important a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00382-00096686-00096922 willingness to be tested survivors have
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00383-00096923-00097180 good reasons to be hesitant around trust
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00384-00097181-00097530 we need to earn that trust thirdly
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00385-00097531-00097768 empowerment which means the work is
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00386-00097769-00098065 client led client centered and strengths
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00387-00098066-00098425 based collaboration we share power with
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00388-00098426-00098688 the client obviously there is a power
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00389-00098689-00098881 imbalance between a relationship between
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00390-00098882-00099175 counselor and client but we do what we
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00391-00099176-00099373 can to be aware of that and mitigate
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00392-00099374-00099703 against a very importantly choice it's
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00393-00099704-00099910 really important for the consumer to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00394-00099911-00100165 have control and choices in what happens
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00395-00100166-00100618 in the work all of these fit very nicely
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00396-00100619-00100855 with the Social Work principle of the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00397-00100856-00101206 client is the expert of their life what
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00398-00101207-00101434 we know now because of the plethora of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00399-00101435-00101659 trauma research is that it would seem
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00400-00101660-00101866 that good best practice is very much
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00401-00101867-00102109 around adopting a phased approach
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00402-00102110-00102385 to trauma treatment and those phases
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00403-00102386-00102790 phase one safety and stabilization I'm
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00404-00102791-00102949 going to talk a bit more about that in
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00405-00102950-00103156 the next slide as that's where Brad is
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00406-00103157-00103507 at at the moment phase two is is what we
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00407-00103508-00103678 called former processing so that's
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00408-00103679-00103993 actually looking at and addressing the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00409-00103994-00104290 memories of the trauma but it's really
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00410-00104291-00104458 important that that is done with what we
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00411-00104458-00104701 within what we refer to as the window of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00412-00104702-00104875 tolerance and I'm not going to mention
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00413-00104876-00105060 any more on that because I know Naomi's
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00414-00105061-00105421 picking that up and phase three but the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00415-00105422-00105592 point of fact I just want to add is
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00416-00105593-00105810 around the person being able to get
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00417-00105811-00106030 mastery over those memories so they
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00418-00106031-00106288 become integrated into a coherent
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00419-00106289-00106480 narrative that is part of their life
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00420-00106481-00106744 story rather than having the impact it's
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00421-00106745-00106957 currently having leading to that that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00422-00106958-00107182 you know the manifestations of the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00423-00107183-00107497 trauma responses finally phase three is
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00424-00107498-00107755 integration which is looking at working
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00425-00107756-00107985 beyond the actual experiences of trauma
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00426-00107986-00108265 to focus on how the experiences have
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00427-00108266-00108568 affected functioning and I find that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00428-00108569-00108727 that is often in regards to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00429-00108728-00109066 relationships these phases are not
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00430-00109067-00109291 necessarily not always linear they can
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00431-00109292-00109690 be quite dynamic but we certainly did
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00432-00109691-00109876 this sufficient research now I believe
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00433-00109877-00110092 to indicate that it's important to use a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00434-00110093-00110443 phased approach so just because this is
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00435-00110444-00110602 where Brad is that I just wanted to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00436-00110603-00110764 spend a moment looking a little bit
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00437-00110765-00110995 about the work that gets done in in
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00438-00110996-00111271 phase one and I think it's fair to say
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00439-00111272-00111439 that phase one is a particularly
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00440-00111440-00111820 important phase and its importance can't
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00441-00111821-00112189 be overestimated firstly in that phase
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00442-00112190-00112506 is establishing a secure base in therapy
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00443-00112507-00112819 the abuse has taken place in the context
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00444-00112820-00113026 of relationship that is the issue with
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00445-00113027-00113215 child sexual abuse it is it's a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00446-00113216-00113602 relational abuse so that is that secure
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00447-00113603-00113905 base in therapy can take work and needs
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00448-00113906-00114130 the worker to be really aware of the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00449-00114131-00114352 issues that can present and we're really
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00450-00114353-00114609 hard towards establishing a safe or at
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00451-00114610-00114913 least a safe enough space increasing
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00452-00114914-00115171 safety what we find with survivors is
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00453-00115172-00115372 that they may you know there might be
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00454-00115373-00115474 certain
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00455-00115475-00115789 and that that indicate risk and so you
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00456-00115790-00116116 know some conversation around that some
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00457-00116117-00116350 assessment of that mutual assessment of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00458-00116351-00116583 that and some safety planning can be
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00459-00116584-00116917 important I find psychoeducation to be
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00460-00116918-00117154 critical and that is in relation to both
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00461-00117155-00117478 this child sexual abuse what it is I
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00462-00117479-00117619 don't think we can ever assume people
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00463-00117620-00117909 know that particularly some of the less
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00464-00117910-00118123 well-known aspects of child sexual abuse
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00465-00118124-00118582 such as grooming its dynamics and also
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00466-00118583-00118825 the effects and the prevalence but also
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00467-00118826-00119029 around trauma because if you can
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00468-00119030-00119248 normalize the responses and people can
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00469-00119249-00119425 survivors can understand that what is
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00470-00119426-00119581 happening to them is actually a very
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00471-00119582-00119782 normal response that can make a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00472-00119783-00120247 significant difference it also is one of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00473-00120248-00120502 the ways that we can start the work of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00474-00120503-00120796 undermining the perpetrators tactics to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00475-00120797-00121033 silence the child by giving them some
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00476-00121033-00121383 information that challenges that skill
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00477-00121384-00121639 development is critical so that we can
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00478-00121640-00121849 support clients to be able to self
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00479-00121850-00122116 regulate their emotions there's lots of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00480-00122117-00122269 different ways of doing that lots of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00481-00122270-00122494 different techniques but that you know
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00482-00122495-00122733 if this face is often referred to by the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00483-00122734-00122980 need to work on and support plans to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00484-00122981-00123304 develop skills what I find to be really
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00485-00123305-00123457 important about this face is that it
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00486-00123458-00123739 needs to be done at Brad space and it
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00487-00123740-00123936 can take time and that can be a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00488-00123938-00124117 challenge for those of us working in an
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00489-00124118-00124429 agency context thanks Mary I'll hand
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00490-00124430-00125133 over to Naomi out the therapeutic
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00491-00125134-00125404 relationship the dichotomy that bread
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00492-00125405-00125604 and other clients in a similar situation
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00493-00125605-00126049 have is that to get better requires them
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00494-00126050-00126268 entering a relationship dynamic that is
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00495-00126269-00126505 reminiscent in its structure of past
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00496-00126506-00126730 relationships where betrayal and abuse
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00497-00126731-00126973 occurred so as Jack said the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00498-00126974-00127183 relationship is unequal what we're
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00499-00127183-00127375 essentially telling clients is you tell
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00500-00127376-00127600 me everything but I'm not going to be
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00501-00127601-00127849 disclosing anything about myself also
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00502-00127850-00128203 that we have the control of you know how
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00503-00128204-00128586 and when and where that we will meet
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00504-00128588-00128791 with our clients and of course we also
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00505-00128792-00128854 have
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00506-00128855-00129007 trial in terms of saying well I will
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00507-00129008-00129232 leave you when I need to when I go on
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00508-00129233-00129571 holiday when I take sick leave and you
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00509-00129572-00129796 know that that's sort of the the deal
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00510-00129797-00130153 that is being struck there also that the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00511-00130154-00130330 contact that we have is going to be
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00512-00130331-00130620 behind closed doors and is confidential
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00513-00130621-00130969 now this idea this notion of a private
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00514-00130970-00131251 space is meant to make our clients feel
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00515-00131252-00131518 safe but it's actually very scary and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00516-00131519-00131818 triggering for clients like Brad and so
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00517-00131819-00131962 I think one of the important things that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00518-00131963-00132121 you know when we think about that in
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00519-00132122-00132274 terms of working with a client with a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00520-00132275-00132580 history of abuse is to allow our clients
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00521-00132581-00132757 to choose where in the room they may
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00522-00132758-00133288 wish to sit also our job is to step our
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00523-00133289-00133579 clients towards those memories feelings
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00524-00133580-00133810 and knowledge that they understandably
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00525-00133811-00134062 wish to avoid and so immediately this
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00526-00134063-00134395 can set us up to be experienced by the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00527-00134396-00134695 client as the perpetrator and then the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00528-00134696-00134947 final whammy of all of this this deal
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00529-00134948-00135166 that we're offering our clients is the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00530-00135167-00135388 notion that if you don't open up and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00531-00135389-00135646 make yourself vulnerable to me then you
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00532-00135647-00135901 won't get better okay so this is a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00533-00135902-00136258 really important dynamic that we're
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00534-00136259-00136486 needing to understand of the the risks
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00535-00136487-00136666 that clients are taking when they come
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00536-00136667-00136855 into the room and it's important to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00537-00136856-00136987 acknowledge that right from the outset
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00538-00136988-00137272 that the relationship is unequal that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00539-00137273-00137485 any trust will be earned that the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00540-00137486-00137725 process is collaborative and also to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00541-00137726-00137959 give our clients information around
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00542-00137960-00138187 informed consent what they might expect
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00543-00138188-00138418 from the process and issues to do with
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00544-00138419-00138673 rights and responsibilities and just
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00545-00138674-00138931 basic housekeeping things too and to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00546-00138932-00139147 provide that information to our clients
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00547-00139148-00139354 in writing so it's something that they
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00548-00139355-00140001 can refer to as necessary Jack mentioned
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00549-00140002-00140236 psychoeducation and I would agree with
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00550-00140237-00140503 her it's absolutely critical for working
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00551-00140504-00140662 with our clients to help them to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00552-00140663-00140956 understand what they're experiencing and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00553-00140957-00141253 to normalize some of the symptoms and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00554-00141254-00141424 the behaviors and the things that they
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00555-00141425-00141655 experience which can cause them to feel
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00556-00141656-00141814 as though but you know they are crazy
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00557-00141815-00141946 that there's something really wrong with
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00558-00141947-00142246 them and one of the useful things too
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00559-00142247-00142554 help clients to understand is how their
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00560-00142555-00142777 brain will respond when they're
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00561-00142778-00143122 triggered so at the moment brad is being
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00562-00143123-00143311 triggered by things that he's hearing
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00563-00143312-00143553 about the real Commission if he can
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00564-00143554-00143761 understand what's happening is him in
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00565-00143762-00144031 his brain that might help for him to say
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00566-00144032-00144315 okay this is a normal response so
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00567-00144316-00144489 teaching our clients around the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00568-00144490-00144661 functioning of the brain that the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00569-00144662-00144903 cerebral cortex when they're triggered
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00570-00144904-00145186 that goes offline so our capacity to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00571-00145187-00145527 think clearly to be analytical to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00572-00145528-00145783 understand concepts and to reflect just
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00573-00145784-00146095 goes offline and what gets kicked in is
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00574-00146096-00146344 the limbic system and this is where the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00575-00146345-00146668 nonverbal relational emotional and gut
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00576-00146669-00146943 feeling of our memories are stored
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00577-00146944-00147235 implicit memories that are both feel
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00578-00147236-00147409 good memories as well as traumatic
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00579-00147410-00147718 mirror memories and so when a client is
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00580-00147719-00147859 triggered what happened is that the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00581-00147860-00148219 amygdala fires off and it responds as if
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00582-00148220-00148452 the threat is current and the person is
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00583-00148453-00148735 flooded with sensations with emotions or
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00584-00148736-00149020 images and thoughts which they may not
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00585-00149021-00149263 understand what's happening or why and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00586-00149264-00149545 then of course that fight flight freeze
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00587-00149546-00149869 or submit response can be activated and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00588-00149870-00150216 this is all feeling and responding in a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00589-00150217-00150721 very out of control for our clients Jack
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00590-00150722-00151012 mentioned the window of Tolerance when I
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00591-00151013-00151210 think one of the things that we need to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00592-00151211-00151393 understand is that our clients will
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00593-00151394-00151693 present in in two main ways we have the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00594-00151694-00151975 hyper aroused clients who may be
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00595-00151976-00152218 experiencing panic attacks they may be
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00596-00152219-00152502 self harming they may fit be filled with
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00597-00152503-00152839 rage flashback sleep disturbance phobias
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00598-00152840-00153073 those kinds of things or we might have
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00599-00153074-00153364 the high polarized client the client
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00600-00153365-00153649 that maybe has you know a loss of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00601-00153650-00153871 pleasure and drive they're highly
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00602-00153872-00154150 avoidant they may be stuck in paralyzing
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00603-00154151-00154444 shame decreased effect and connection
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00604-00154445-00154737 both with themselves and other others
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00605-00154738-00155038 experiencing depression fatigue and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00606-00155039-00155308 withdrawn and so the lot of the work
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00607-00155309-00155575 that we're doing in phase one of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00608-00155576-00155743 our clients working within that window
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00609-00155744-00156010 of tolerant is supporting our clients to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00610-00156011-00156253 manage those hyper and hyper aroused
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00611-00156254-00156511 States we want to stretch them a little
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00612-00156512-00156754 bit beyond their comfort zone but also
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00613-00156755-00156937 to keep them within the window of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00614-00156938-00157255 Tolerance is a large piece of the phase
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00615-00157256-00157519 one work that we do in therapy and then
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00616-00157520-00157936 they can expect I those skills in Phase
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00617-00157937-00158116 two when they were actually working on
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00618-00158117-00158746 processing memory as Jack also spoke
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00619-00158747-00158941 about when we're looking when we look
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00620-00158942-00159166 through at or more informed lens we're
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00621-00159167-00159373 going to be asking what has happened to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00622-00159374-00159556 this person rather than what is wrong
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00623-00159557-00159751 with this person and from this
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00624-00159752-00159940 perspective we can understand that all
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00625-00159941-00160159 the symptoms and behaviors are adaptive
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00626-00160160-00160435 and functional and this assists to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00627-00160436-00160666 normalize symptoms and behaviors that a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00628-00160667-00160891 client may feel a lot of shame about or
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00629-00160892-00161047 that causes them to feel that they are
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00630-00161048-00161329 crazy or abnormal and we can explore
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00631-00161330-00161599 with them where the symptom and how the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00632-00161600-00161857 citroen symptom or behavior is assisting
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00633-00161858-00162106 them whilst over time developing new
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00634-00162107-00162376 strategies to safely express the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00635-00162377-00162922 underlying conflicts another important
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00636-00162923-00163221 aspect that is important in terms of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00637-00163222-00163485 psychoeducation to help our clients
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00638-00163486-00163825 understand things is that transferring
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00639-00163826-00164050 the blame for abuse from the perpetrator
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00640-00164051-00164311 to the self is a self-protective
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00641-00164312-00164539 strategy for a child so for example
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00642-00164540-00164782 children in children's home or foster
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00643-00164783-00165043 cares maybe telling themselves that I'm
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00644-00165044-00165262 so worthless my parents got rid of me
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00645-00165263-00165541 and so I must be deserve to be treated
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00646-00165542-00165892 in this in this way but also that what
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00647-00165893-00166090 might back that up is if I'm good then
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00648-00166091-00166396 maybe I'll get to go home too in cases
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00649-00166397-00166615 of abuse where it's been abused by
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00650-00166616-00166858 priests or rabbis or other religious
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00651-00166859-00167104 people they may be telling themselves
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00652-00167105-00167364 that this is punishment for being bad
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00653-00167365-00167644 punishment by God that they are sinful
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00654-00167645-00167962 and often children in those situations
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00655-00167963-00168124 are told that it's a special secret
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00656-00168125-00168424 between them and the perpetrator because
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00657-00168425-00168607 I love you so much and others wouldn't
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00658-00168608-00168885 understand and even when they're now add
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00659-00168886-00169047 can intellectually understand that it
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00660-00169048-00169308 wasn't their fault and clearly verbalize
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00661-00169309-00169821 that to us to us the cognitive level at
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00662-00169822-00170157 an emotional level that belief that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00663-00170158-00170403 feeling is going to be deeply entrenched
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00664-00170404-00170715 so the cognitive understanding is not
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00665-00170716-00170958 enough to shift it the complex feelings
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00666-00170959-00171195 of betrayal and powerlessness and shame
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00667-00171196-00171428 and also often pleasurable sexual
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00668-00171429-00171603 responses that a child may have
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00669-00171604-00171878 experienced during the abuse need to be
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00670-00171879-00172215 very gently and safely processed and if
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00671-00172216-00172527 we strip back the layers of healing from
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00672-00172528-00172815 abuse the complex array of symptoms and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00673-00172816-00173064 behaviors the memory processing and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00674-00173065-00173301 relational issues perhaps the greatest
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00675-00173302-00173493 piece of the work that we're doing with
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00676-00173494-00173796 our clients is grief and loss work which
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00677-00173797-00174015 entails processing very painful
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00678-00174016-00174329 realities and emotions if you're looking
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00679-00174330-00174474 for the case study and other documents
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00680-00174475-00174657 down in the right-hand corner in the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00681-00174658-00174878 documents tab you'll find those and now
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00682-00174879-00175152 I'd really like to welcome John to speak
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00683-00175153-00175434 about bread situations from the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00684-00175435-00175644 perspective of being bo2 survivor and a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00685-00175645-00176266 solicitor thanks John yes well my
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00686-00176267-00176670 perspective is obviously slightly
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00687-00176671-00177144 different from Jack and from Naomi but
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00688-00177145-00177491 I've been on the other side of the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00689-00177492-00177918 council room from people like Jack and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00690-00177919-00178434 and like now me and that I guess part of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00691-00178435-00178638 what's brought me to to be able to be
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00692-00178639-00178865 where I am and to help other people so
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00693-00178866-00179187 I'm a survivor of clergy abuse I've
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00694-00179188-00179589 acted for now about 400 other survivors
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00695-00179590-00179847 in my workers at Selena I've been
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00696-00179848-00180029 involved in the Royal Commission process
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00697-00180030-00180404 both for myself and also in accompanying
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00698-00180405-00181115 other people to private sessions and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00699-00181116-00181335 fifteen years ago it feels like longer
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00700-00181336-00181839 than that much like Brad I was in the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00701-00181840-00182151 same position as him where things have
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00702-00182152-00182262 been going along where
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00703-00182263-00182442 well in my life and then all of a sudden
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00704-00182443-00182637 the wheels started to fall off and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00705-00182638-00182988 things started to unravel and that was a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00706-00182989-00183327 very confusing time in my life I didn't
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00707-00183328-00183576 know what was happening a little bit
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00708-00183577-00183792 like Brad they've been something there
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00709-00183793-00184110 that I knew about but I hadn't seen how
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00710-00184111-00184356 it had been affecting my life and when
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00711-00184357-00184944 it came to be triggered you know I was
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00712-00184945-00185328 in a very confused state and the sorts
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00713-00185329-00185589 of things that Jack and now have talked
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00714-00185590-00186477 about creating safety creating giving
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00715-00186478-00187065 guidance and information some answers to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00716-00187066-00187380 what was going on was was what I really
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00717-00187381-00187659 need it because it was in a confusing
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00718-00187660-00188130 and frightening times and I was lucky
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00719-00188131-00188577 enough to be put in touch with the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00720-00188578-00188916 sexual assault counselor who understood
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00721-00188917-00189171 about trauma and could support me to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00722-00189172-00189657 manage the really the fear of the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00723-00189658-00189888 unknown and to give me information and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00724-00189889-00190311 and even though it was a long time
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00725-00190312-00190713 before we put the pieces together the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00726-00190714-00190929 fact that she identified very early on
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00727-00190930-00191190 in the process that what you're going
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00728-00191191-00191478 through symptoms of a traumatic
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00729-00191479-00191822 experience and and there it was normal
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00730-00191823-00192372 was a great help to me and if one of the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00731-00192373-00192635 first thing she did was was provide
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00732-00192636-00193137 support and she allowed those memories
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00733-00193138-00193428 you know what that trauma was to come to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00734-00193429-00193755 me in my own time she gave me
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00735-00193756-00193977 information about the sorts of ways I
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00736-00193978-00194214 was going to react to situations that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00737-00194215-00194577 was very confronting at the time some of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00738-00194578-00194739 the things that she was telling me was
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00739-00194740-00194967 going to happen I didn't want to hear
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00740-00194968-00195216 and I didn't want to know about but when
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00741-00195217-00195633 they did happen I was prepared for
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00742-00195634-00196061 there was an enormous strengthen and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00743-00196062-00196350 comfort in being able to come back to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00744-00196351-00196707 that and a little bit like what naomi
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00745-00196708-00196973 was talking about about that that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00746-00196974-00197238 disconnect between the cognitive and the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00747-00197239-00197463 emotional responses the emotional
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00748-00197464-00197840 responses came first but at some stage
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00749-00197841-00198057 throwing that through that process I
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00750-00198058-00198495 could yeah that the information was
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00751-00198496-00198806 given within my brain and I could
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00752-00198807-00199368 connect the dots between the two and so
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00753-00199369-00199640 that being able to have that information
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00754-00199641-00199853 of to understand my behavior and my
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00755-00199854-00200264 reactions was really supportive and also
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00756-00200265-00200523 knowing the derivative you know what was
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00757-00200524-00200704 the first person to go through this and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00758-00200705-00200951 that being given that information
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00759-00200952-00201185 upfront about what was going to happen
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00760-00201186-00201464 really helped to normalize that that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00761-00201465-00202166 experience and those reactions so the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00762-00202167-00202504 sorts of things that I was provided with
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00763-00202505-00202875 mentioned support including referrals to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00764-00202876-00203196 other professionals who could help the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00765-00203197-00203343 information and guidance that I've
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00766-00203344-00203801 mentioned about what was what was ahead
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00767-00203802-00204052 taking the time building up that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00768-00204053-00204393 relationship of safety and Trust before
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00769-00204394-00204597 we started to deal with the more
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00770-00204598-00205088 difficult stuff and providing providing
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00771-00205089-00205415 choices providing information about what
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00772-00205416-00206028 each option may entail and all of those
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00773-00206029-00206325 things are things that since I've been
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00774-00206326-00206526 working with survivors I've been able to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00775-00206527-00206807 incorporate in our own practice so you
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00776-00206808-00207228 know obviously you know we're not mental
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00777-00207229-00207491 health professionals so one of the first
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00778-00207492-00207819 things we do in terms of that first
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00779-00207819-00208241 stage of of the protesters k described
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00780-00208242-00208479 it is to provide referrals to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00781-00208480-00208626 professionals making sure that people
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00782-00208627-00209010 have that professional therapeutic
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00783-00209011-00209344 support provide information and guidance
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00784-00209344-00210017 about the process as Naomi referred to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00785-00210019-00210423 that there's an imbalance in the power
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00786-00210424-00210748 relationship in when people come to us
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00787-00210748-00211087 for assistance and it's very important
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00788-00211088-00211326 that we don't take this the great trust
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00789-00211327-00211551 that we asked from our clients for
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00790-00211552-00211719 granted and then we take the time to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00791-00211721-00212049 build up the trust tons of the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00792-00212050-00212298 background of have we worked out how we
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00793-00212299-00212569 would approach working with survivors a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00794-00212569-00212799 lot of that initially was instinctive
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00795-00212800-00212994 and was based on my own experience of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00796-00212996-00213333 what what I needed when I was at that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00797-00213334-00213588 stage and the stage that Brad is that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00798-00213589-00213894 but since then of course the Oscars
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00799-00213896-00214152 trauma-informed practice guidelines have
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00800-00214153-00214462 been published and we try and follow
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00801-00214463-00214864 those so it's it simple one of the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00802-00214865-00215225 really important things was was that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00803-00215226-00215469 information about what lies ahead
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00804-00215469-00215679 information about what the process is
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00805-00215680-00216219 going to be like and how it's likely to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00806-00216221-00216544 be experienced emotionally by people and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00807-00216544-00216917 what's going to happen to them and and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00808-00216919-00217377 obviously thanks you know in our own way
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00809-00217378-00217806 within the window of Tolerance so one
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00810-00217807-00218106 example of that is that early on was
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00811-00218107-00218546 very hesitant about telling people the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00812-00218548-00219117 how difficult it might be at the same
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00813-00219119-00219313 time is giving them young a commitment
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00814-00219314-00219552 to provide the support and to make it as
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00815-00219553-00220131 as least traumatic as possible but one
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00816-00220132-00220380 of the some of the feedback we got back
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00817-00220381-00220610 very early in the process was when
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00818-00220611-00220932 people did hit the wall with it when
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00819-00220933-00221127 they hit those rough patches knowing
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00820-00221128-00221496 that that was likely to happen made it
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00821-00221498-00221855 much easier for them to cope with
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00822-00221856-00222563 and so so that leads on to where I think
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00823-00222564-00222800 I was before we we stopped which was
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00824-00222801-00223069 providing choices and information about
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00825-00223071-00223283 what option what each option makes may
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00826-00223284-00223523 entail so obviously when people come to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00827-00223523-00223748 us there are various options about the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00828-00223748-00224132 way we can progress with their claim but
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00829-00224133-00224315 there are also other things to be talked
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00830-00224316-00224615 about such as do they want to go to the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00831-00224616-00224780 police do they want to engage in a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00832-00224781-00225019 criminal process what will that involve
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00833-00225021-00225353 how will that affect what we're doing
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00834-00225354-00225592 for them do they want to engage with the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00835-00225594-00225812 Royal Commission what's the experience
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00836-00225813-00226433 of that likely to be and think you did
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00837-00226434-00226811 one of the other things that I picked up
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00838-00226812-00227171 from Naomi's talk is is about providing
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00839-00227171-00227467 that control over the process to the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00840-00227467-00227798 client so they have information and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00841-00227798-00228098 choices and they can choose how they
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00842-00228098-00228341 navigate that that path and that's been
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00843-00228342-00228860 really important to us I just wanted to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00844-00228861-00229088 pick up on one other thing as well that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00845-00229089-00229439 that I hadn't thought about before bad
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00846-00229440-00230233 but came out in Naomi's session that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00847-00230234-00230596 sorry boss myself they're talking about
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00848-00230598-00230746 you know giving the client choice about
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00849-00230748-00230971 where they sit in the room we try and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00850-00230973-00231164 take that a little one step further we
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00851-00231165-00231373 give a choice about yeah where they
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00852-00231375-00231635 would like to meet do we go to the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00853-00231636-00231844 client does the client come to us till
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00854-00231846-00232358 we meet at a neutral venue and those
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00855-00232359-00232526 sorts of things have been very important
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00856-00232527-00233176 in a way that would be worthless people
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00857-00233177-00233438 but the key points out of our journey so
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00858-00233439-00233579 far one one of the things we've learned
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00859-00233580-00233792 is that that each journey is individual
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00860-00233792-00234155 and respecting that is important in
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00861-00234156-00234314 building up the trust between the client
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00862-00234315-00234482 and ourselves and being able to work
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00863-00234483-00234800 collaboratively to produce the outcomes
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00864-00234801-00235156 since the clients are looking for
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00865-00235157-00235511 the critical importance of making sure
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00866-00235512-00235808 that appropriate support networks are in
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00867-00235809-00236164 place so whether that's family members
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00868-00236165-00236546 professionals other services that people
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00869-00236546-00236930 need plus our our team so we work as
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00870-00236931-00237412 part of a team with with our clients
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00871-00237413-00237734 generating that sense of control in the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00872-00237735-00237992 process and giving real and effective
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00873-00237992-00238559 control to the clients and that the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00874-00238560-00238805 process and how they experience that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00875-00238806-00239119 personal interaction with us is going to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00876-00239121-00239300 be much more important than the outcomes
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00877-00239301-00239651 that we achieve the people and the final
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00878-00239652-00240017 point people come to us and if we ask
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00879-00240017-00240215 them what they want generally the answer
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00880-00240216-00240533 is justice and that usually leads to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00881-00240534-00240803 quite a long conversation about what
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00882-00240804-00241225 justice means for the individual and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00883-00241226-00241640 there are an astounding array of things
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00884-00241641-00241910 that people want to get out up there
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00885-00241911-00242138 some of which we can deliver and some of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00886-00242139-00242563 which we can't but yeah having that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00887-00242564-00242842 conversation take place and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00888-00242842-00243442 collaborating towards coming up with the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00889-00243444-00243980 best closest approximation to the client
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00890-00243981-00244430 sense of justice has led to outcomes
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00891-00244431-00244969 that we feel and very successful and the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00892-00244971-00245146 final thing I just wanted to acknowledge
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00893-00245148-00245494 was with now his point about the gap and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00894-00245496-00245792 the mismatch that often happens between
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00895-00245792-00245954 the cognitive and the emotional
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00896-00245955-00246244 responses a lot of the work that we do
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00897-00246246-00246527 deals in that in markets cognitive area
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00898-00246528-00246716 so we're giving a lot of information to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00899-00246717-00246946 people and we put that down in writing
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00900-00246948-00247238 and and people understand what we're
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00901-00247239-00247744 telling them but through the course of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00902-00247744-00248308 working with our clients quite often the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00903-00248309-00248459 emotional reaction
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00904-00248460-00248837 now things are felt is out of step with
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00905-00248838-00249073 the information that they've been given
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00906-00249075-00249367 and again just to come back to the point
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00907-00249369-00249650 I made earlier that that having that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00908-00249651-00249869 information put in place and something
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00909-00249869-00250088 that can come back to is something that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00910-00250089-00250292 gives Saturday safety and stability in
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00911-00250292-00250742 the process I'll hand over to Lori con
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00912-00250742-00251119 that nice look I I thought Jack Naomi
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00913-00251121-00251344 and John gave her an excellent
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00914-00251346-00251615 exposition in respect to trauma informed
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00915-00251616-00251923 care so I thought I'm in my limited time
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00916-00251925-00252185 I might not try and and duplicate too
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00917-00252186-00252452 much of what they said I'm reminded when
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00918-00252453-00252683 I when I went to university to study
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00919-00252684-00252986 medicine in the beginning of 1974 looked
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00920-00252987-00253250 literally on my back my first day I met
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00921-00253251-00253535 a man who's become a long-term friend
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00922-00253536-00253808 and it's sort of interesting in the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00923-00253809-00254042 context of Brad's issue that that it was
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00924-00254042-00254381 only nearly 40 years later that that I
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00925-00254382-00254792 finally learnt the extent of his sexual
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00926-00254792-00255142 abuse within institutions and he too he
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00927-00255144-00255523 too as did John went on to give evidence
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00928-00255525-00255719 at the Royal Commission I'm reminded
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00929-00255719-00256271 that when Geoffrey Dobbs who was is one
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00930-00256271-00256460 of Queensland's most notorious pedophile
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00931-00256461-00256673 offenen fenders was finally brought to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00932-00256673-00256952 justice and evidence was uncovered that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00933-00256953-00257234 indicated that there were at least 300
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00934-00257235-00257498 children that he abused and probably
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00935-00257498-00257711 many more but the reason why he was
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00936-00257712-00257837 actually brought to justice was not
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00937-00257838-00258071 because one of the people that had
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00938-00258071-00258281 abused came forward and reported him but
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00939-00258282-00258530 was because he'd become so confident and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00940-00258531-00258800 complacent that he left a videotape in
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00941-00258801-00258959 his video recorder and sent it in for
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00942-00258960-00259244 repair and it says it says everything
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00943-00259244-00259658 about silence that that just how
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00944-00259659-00260033 powerful shame is in maintaining that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00945-00260034-00260216 sort of silence that you can have
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00946-00260217-00260435 hundreds of people abused by an
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00947-00260436-00260921 individual and society manages to shield
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00948-00260921-00261185 them in silence I'm reminded also justin
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00949-00261186-00261371 has been current in the Royal Commission
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00950-00261371-00261734 and Ballarat hearings of cohorts of boys
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00951-00261735-00261919 where
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00952-00261919-00262205 ekstrom and extraordinary numbers where
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00953-00262206-00262439 something like thirty percent of an
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00954-00262440-00262660 entire class you know have ultimately
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00955-00262661-00262853 suicide and all have been sexually
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00956-00262854-00263317 abused and it's one of those poignant
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00957-00263318-00263683 facts is if you actually juxtapose the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00958-00263684-00264023 death and destruction that occurs at the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00959-00264024-00264239 hands of some of these sort of abuses
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00960-00264240-00264497 and compare it with the death and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00961-00264498-00264709 destruction or destruction that occurs
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00962-00264710-00264887 at the hands of some serial killers you
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00963-00264888-00265226 actually realize that some serial
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00964-00265227-00265439 abusers of children actually responsible
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00965-00265440-00265679 for more deaths and more psychological
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00966-00265680-00266147 suffering and and yet you know we lived
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00967-00266148-00266399 in a society that until the generation
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00968-00266400-00266843 ago was shielded from all of this add in
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00969-00266844-00267095 adding you know the average threat of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00970-00267096-00267409 and a common abuse as threat is that no
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00971-00267410-00267728 one will believe you that that I will
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00972-00267729-00267914 kill you I will do something to your
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00973-00267915-00268148 parents or I will do something to one of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00974-00268149-00268400 your siblings and and you get a strong
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00975-00268401-00268739 sense of why why this sort of abuse that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00976-00268740-00269075 brad had becomes so hidden you think
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00977-00269076-00269363 about the case of Jerry Sandusky at Penn
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00978-00269364-00269729 State and he was a high-profile abuser
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00979-00269730-00269950 where the abuse went on for decades
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00980-00269951-00270326 where in fact a man actually came in and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00981-00270327-00270521 saw him sexually abusing a child and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00982-00270522-00270791 still still that the authorities and the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00983-00270792-00271057 institution maintained the primacy of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00984-00271058-00271507 the institution and so in the other
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00985-00271508-00271787 threat that that abuses not infrequently
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00986-00271788-00272153 make which is that if if the victim says
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00987-00272154-00272359 anything that they will do something to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00988-00272360-00272659 one of their siblings etc and you get a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00989-00272660-00272881 sense that why at the individual level
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00990-00272882-00273155 silence has been so prevalent you could
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00991-00273156-00273322 think that we are on the cusp of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00992-00273323-00273569 descending into an abyss because every
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00993-00273570-00273848 day now we're reading accounts detailed
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00994-00273849-00274094 accounts the sort of abuse that Brad's
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00995-00274095-00274355 an example of and yet it's probably
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00996-00274356-00274547 probably not that we're going into an
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00997-00274548-00274796 abyss it's probably that but for the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00998-00274797-00274935 first time that we're actually
+Az6ojRdp-1M-00999-00274936-00275198 recognizing what has always been there
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01000-00275199-00275474 and somewhat amazingly in Australia the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01001-00275475-00275693 Royal Commission does represent you know
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01002-00275694-00276128 a landmark shift in how society actually
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01003-00276129-00276581 views itself in fact it was reported in
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01004-00276582-00276695 the press the time that the Royal
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01005-00276696-00276872 Commission was instituted that that in
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01006-00276873-00277205 fact the popular vote in favor of having
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01007-00277206-00277466 a Royal Commission was was was you know
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01008-00277467-00277655 in order and the average survey of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01009-00277656-00277793 something like about ninety seven
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01010-00277794-00278201 percent it was unassailable this some
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01011-00278202-00278456 level everyone everyone knew someone or
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01012-00278457-00278675 had been affected in a way that made it
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01013-00278676-00279037 very apparent but that institutions
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01014-00279038-00279332 whether they be churches orphanages
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01015-00279333-00279719 sporting bodies professional colleges or
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01016-00279720-00280067 whatever if if people within them can
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01017-00280068-00280337 abuse and exploit they will and everyone
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01018-00280338-00280523 pretty well in society knows or feel
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01019-00280524-00280804 very personal experience of such a beers
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01020-00280805-00281204 just talk moving on just to just a look
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01021-00281205-00281435 at what a society is like where where
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01022-00281436-00281552 it's impossible to have a Royal
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01023-00281553-00281699 Commission where it's impossible for
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01024-00281700-00281978 people like bread to be treated and you
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01025-00281979-00282215 know we're slowly emerging you know
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01026-00282216-00282563 actually from from societies where the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01027-00282564-00282809 where they were patriarchal
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01028-00282810-00283097 male-dominated where women and children
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01029-00283098-00283328 at few or no rights where there are high
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01030-00283329-00283655 indices of corruption little respect for
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01031-00283656-00283865 human rights and a lack of a free press
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01032-00283866-00284219 and if it's hard for a single individual
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01033-00284220-00284651 abused by a particular sexual abuser to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01034-00284652-00284945 actually find a voice then you know
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01035-00284946-00285194 think of a society where you know to say
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01036-00285195-00285583 anything risks death or imprisonment I
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01037-00285584-00285848 might just just breathe very briefly
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01038-00285849-00286109 just talk about you know what it is that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01039-00286110-00286307 you know Brad struggling with and and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01040-00286308-00286493 what what individual healthy self would
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01041-00286494-00286714 be end of an individual who's
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01042-00286715-00286964 healthfully adjusted and reasonably
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01043-00286965-00287405 happy with his life her life is is able
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01044-00287406-00287567 to experience the full range of motion
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01045-00287568-00287942 is able to actually feel and know where
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01046-00287943-00288109 they have been so it's really hard to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01047-00288110-00288227 know who you are unless you can remember
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01048-00288228-00288401 where you've come from there it means
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01049-00288402-00288550 there are no compartments
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01050-00288551-00288868 gaps in one's history but one is able to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01051-00288869-00289299 be vulnerable one is able to have
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01052-00289300-00289579 boundaries to be able in order to have
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01053-00289580-00289787 boundaries one's got to usually have
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01054-00289788-00289963 lived in an environment where boundaries
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01055-00289964-00290584 were modeled it's healthy to actually in
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01056-00290585-00290749 the healthy spectrum we have people you
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01057-00290750-00291045 know who's eager defenses don't rely on
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01058-00291046-00291316 angry outbursts projection splitting
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01059-00291317-00291619 denial button where where they can be
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01060-00291620-00292060 altruistic empathic where they can share
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01061-00292061-00292471 humor and where we're being with them
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01062-00292472-00292930 actually feels rewarding the person
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01063-00292931-00293128 without with healthy soft wood you know
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01064-00293129-00293293 has some of the characteristics at Brad
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01065-00293294-00293462 shows where there's effective
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01066-00293463-00293596 instability where they're rapidly
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01067-00293597-00293842 triggered into into very emotive states
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01068-00293843-00294100 and where those emotive states impact on
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01069-00294101-00294322 loved ones and family members and that's
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01070-00294323-00294563 so common in the people that I see you
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01071-00294564-00294739 know who present sometimes in the fifth
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01072-00294740-00294940 or sixth decade with histories like
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01073-00294941-00295335 Brad's that the actual trauma and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01074-00295336-00295639 abiding shame and the fragmented nature
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01075-00295640-00295987 of memory and the patchy fragmentary
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01076-00295988-00296254 re-experiencing of effect as such that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01077-00296255-00296563 that indeed in process processing has
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01078-00296564-00296875 been delayed usually until some sort of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01079-00296876-00297166 interpersonal crisis or job-related
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01080-00297167-00297409 crisis actually intervenes to the point
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01081-00297410-00297607 where finally they actually take the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01082-00297608-00297952 step to to engage in doing something
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01083-00297953-00298402 about it a little has been spoken about
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01084-00298403-00298600 about therapy and I'm just going to say
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01085-00298601-00298819 something very briefly obviously for
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01086-00298820-00299073 therapy to work in all its stages and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01087-00299074-00299281 that there needs to be patient
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01088-00299282-00299494 motivation that there has to be a reason
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01089-00299495-00299698 that this person actually has got enough
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01090-00299699-00299881 wrong with their life and the way it's
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01091-00299882-00300163 going for them to feel motivated that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01092-00300164-00300418 they need and want to change it's sort
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01093-00300419-00300517 of interesting when we talk about
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01094-00300518-00300799 endlessly about models and there's many
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01095-00300800-00301071 hundreds of psychotherapy models but the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01096-00301072-00301384 biggest the biggest variable aside from
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01097-00301385-00301600 patient motivation is is the actual the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01098-00301601-00301756 nature of the therapeutic reliant
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01099-00301757-00301919 relationship and now
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01100-00301920-00302222 Amy's you know focused on that that that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01101-00302223-00302608 trust is something that one's got to be
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01102-00302609-00302855 very aware that these despite the fact
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01103-00302856-00303041 that they may be high functioning
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01104-00303042-00303320 professionals that in fact their
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01105-00303321-00303593 vulnerabilities in your hands and needs
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01106-00303594-00304376 to be treated with great care just a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01107-00304377-00304604 brief note about the Royal Commissioner
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01108-00304605-00304895 I look I applaud you know Jack's role
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01109-00304896-00305105 and John's role in the Royal Commission
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01110-00305106-00305359 I've also had the experience of going
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01111-00305360-00305612 along with a number of individuals who
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01112-00305613-00305792 have given evidence in private sessions
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01113-00305793-00306046 I'm enormously impressed by the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01114-00306047-00306235 extraordinary lengths that that the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01115-00306236-00306484 commissioners go to to validate and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01116-00306485-00306797 accept the individuals that take the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01117-00306798-00307032 enormously brave step of actually
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01118-00307033-00307331 standing up and actually going to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01119-00307332-00307622 someone who represents a major authority
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01120-00307623-00307862 in our society to finally be heard when
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01121-00307863-00308191 for many the process is is validating a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01122-00308192-00308372 process that's been endlessly
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01123-00308373-00308903 invalidating final message obviously one
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01124-00308904-00309119 that will be reinforced by the Royal
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01125-00309120-00309542 Commission that that all all societies
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01126-00309543-00310135 and all institutions will experience
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01127-00310136-00310616 abuse and exploitation if it can occur
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01128-00310617-00310988 it will occur so and and the the way
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01129-00310989-00311252 forward of course is that we have
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01130-00311253-00311423 webinars that we actually have
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01131-00311424-00311658 Commission's that we hear from
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01132-00311659-00311975 professionals and from survivors of this
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01133-00311976-00312224 sort of abuse and that we get to a point
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01134-00312225-00312470 where there's a critical mass that where
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01135-00312471-00312650 this will never be put back in the box
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01136-00312651-00313072 so Mary thank you thank you so much for
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01137-00313073-00313507 all right um now actually Naomi I know
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01138-00313508-00313705 that you had a question for Warwick and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01139-00313706-00313889 it's actually come up through the chat
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01140-00313890-00314162 from the participants as well so no me I
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01141-00314163-00314363 wonder if to start off our discussion
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01142-00314364-00314579 together you would address your question
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01143-00314580-00314900 to warrant please yes certainly Warwick
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01144-00314901-00315188 Brad's been taking antidepressants now
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01145-00315189-00315258 for
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01146-00315259-00315513 over 20 years they were prescribed by
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01147-00315514-00315747 his GP in response to his stress and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01148-00315748-00315963 heavy drinking what are your thoughts
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01149-00315964-00316134 about such long-term use of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01150-00316135-00316437 antidepressants and would you reviews
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01151-00316438-00316683 would you review Brad's medication in
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01152-00316684-00317016 light of the long term usage his recent
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01153-00317017-00317244 disclosures of past abuse and current
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01154-00317245-00317559 symptoms and select following on from
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01155-00317560-00317928 that question when my medication be of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01156-00317929-00318279 assistance to a person like brad and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01157-00318280-00318522 which medications and when it when might
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01158-00318523-00318729 it by when my medication be
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01159-00318730-00319026 contraindicated okay that's that's a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01160-00319027-00319263 complex series of questions I think
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01161-00319264-00319470 anyone has been on anything for 20 years
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01162-00319471-00319770 whatever the drug it's it's wise to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01163-00319771-00320040 review it if I can understand why people
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01164-00320041-00320226 like Brad get put on any two presents at
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01165-00320227-00320574 hand and it may well be it may well be
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01166-00320575-00320850 that that that they do get some
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01167-00320851-00321098 symptomatic relief it may also be that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01168-00321099-00321477 it makes virtually no difference and all
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01169-00321478-00321624 you're really inherits is some side
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01170-00321625-00321810 effects and some sort of sense of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01171-00321811-00322017 psychological dependency about the the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01172-00322018-00322278 issue of taking something that Ward's
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01173-00322279-00322587 off dealing with the underlying issues I
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01174-00322588-00322875 think it's also a little a little hard
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01175-00322876-00323181 to make a judgment on on you know
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01176-00323182-00323511 antidepressants when someone's had some
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01177-00323512-00323694 sort of acute crisis and suddenly
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01178-00323695-00323907 there's a lot of emotion and distress
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01179-00323908-00324078 and and antidepressants aren't
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01180-00324079-00324318 necessarily incredibly good as sort of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01181-00324319-00324698 active agents for immediate stress
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01182-00324699-00325035 situations right for example Brad you
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01183-00325036-00325155 know having an argument with his wife
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01184-00325156-00325392 which is triggered by the realization or
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01185-00325393-00325766 to be merging realization of his son
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01186-00325767-00326078 embarking on a sporting fixture that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01187-00326079-00326696 brings back memories of red zone abuse I
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01188-00326697-00327108 think in i think that the pragmatic
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01189-00327109-00327309 thing to do is is in the longer term is
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01190-00327310-00327636 to is to actually see whether you know
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01191-00327637-00327891 Brad's any better off with without the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01192-00327892-00328095 medication if I mean you do get an you
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01193-00328096-00328254 literally do get patients as soon as you
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01194-00328255-00328449 decrease and you do decrease these
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01195-00328450-00328632 things carefully usually
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01196-00328633-00328833 that the patient feels worse you get
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01197-00328834-00329019 others where it makes no difference and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01198-00329020-00329346 you know if it's working or had some
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01199-00329347-00329571 assistance by all means you know
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01200-00329572-00329778 continue with it if it's if it's the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01201-00329779-00330186 most difficult if X which ones to avoid
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01202-00330187-00330551 obviously you would avoid
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01203-00330552-00330765 antidepressants that that are
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01204-00330766-00331125 potentially is likely to you know be
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01205-00331126-00331359 more dangerous in an overdose situation
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01206-00331360-00331719 and I'm particularly wary you know about
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01207-00331720-00331905 try cyclic antidepressant switcher use
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01208-00331906-00332142 far less frequently now but also be
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01209-00332143-00332322 mindful that you know some some
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01210-00332323-00332718 antidepressants commonly have impact on
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01211-00332719-00333152 on on sexual functioning on weight and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01212-00333153-00333462 you know once be very mindful of you
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01213-00333463-00333672 know whether whether brad does have any
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01214-00333673-00333965 particular side effects in this spectrum
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01215-00333966-00334329 as you probably intimated by the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01216-00334330-00334701 question it may well be that the major
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01217-00334702-00335229 focus of view of Brad long-term journey
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01218-00335230-00335409 to wellness will not be provided by
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01219-00335410-00335660 antidepressants it will be on a sound
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01220-00335661-00335933 psychotherapy that's trauma-informed
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01221-00335934-00336255 that's empathic and where there's a good
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01222-00336256-00336777 therapeutic alliance thanks thanks for
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01223-00336778-00337038 it so yeah the evidence is consistently
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01224-00337039-00337448 that the therapeutic alliance and the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01225-00337449-00337650 psychotherapy is the thing that can lead
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01226-00337651-00337866 to lasting change and medications can
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01227-00337867-00338049 discount with symptoms sometimes so
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01228-00338050-00338259 there was a really important thing to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01229-00338260-00338637 clarify now I think that it might be a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01230-00338638-00338871 good time to bring John back in and work
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01231-00338872-00339087 I know that you had a question for John
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01232-00339088-00339339 and you've already talked a little bit a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01233-00339340-00339471 bit about the Royal Commission
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01234-00339472-00339636 specifically but I know that you had a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01235-00339637-00339843 question for John if I do I'm fascinated
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01236-00339844-00340128 because John has literally had such a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01237-00340129-00340695 pivotal role in in in the public
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01238-00340696-00340848 perception about the work of the Royal
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01239-00340849-00341025 Commission and he's been enormously
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01240-00341026-00341442 courageous in taking on one of the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01241-00341443-00341781 institutions that has been I guess a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01242-00341782-00341981 primary focus of the Royal
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01243-00341982-00342386 and given his experience with the Royal
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01244-00342387-00342653 Commission my question to John is when
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01245-00342654-00342814 the Royal Commission has run its course
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01246-00342815-00343013 what will be the main thing is
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01247-00343014-00343193 identified concerning sexually in the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01248-00343194-00343481 abused individuals if any they could
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01249-00343482-00343646 have been handled differently by the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01250-00343647-00344162 Commission the work you're asking about
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01251-00344163-00344381 the how the Commission could have gone
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01252-00344382-00344585 about its work from yours from your
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01253-00344586-00344804 experience of it and your knowledge of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01254-00344805-00345119 it that far and I guess it was that when
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01255-00345120-00345460 when the journey started there's no no
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01256-00345461-00345824 final template on exactly how it should
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01257-00345825-00346148 work but as we learn from it on as and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01258-00346149-00346340 as you've experienced that are there
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01259-00346341-00346658 things that might make it better where
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01260-00346659-00347195 we were to do it again hmm let's find
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01261-00347196-00347456 that a very difficult question to answer
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01262-00347457-00347681 because when the when the Royal
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01263-00347682-00347858 Commission was announced as you so there
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01264-00347859-00348500 was no template for it you know I and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01265-00348501-00348896 probably a lot of others certainly had
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01266-00348897-00349088 some inkling about what a massive
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01267-00349089-00349418 undertaking it was and what uncharted
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01268-00349419-00349808 waters they were going into and I've
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01269-00349809-00350057 just been enormously impressed by the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01270-00350058-00350309 way that they've gone about it the you
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01271-00350310-00350608 know the planning that has gone in to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01272-00350609-00350888 the way they've gone about their their
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01273-00350889-00351053 work particularly that part of their
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01274-00351054-00351281 work where they are interacting with
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01275-00351282-00351698 survivors has been very impressive one
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01276-00351699-00352049 of the things that we do that the rock
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01277-00352050-00352705 Commission doesn't do it apparently is
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01278-00352706-00352952 giving people choice about a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01279-00352953-00353258 commissioner so they've got six
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01280-00353259-00353465 commissioners have got male and female
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01281-00353466-00353846 commissioners and they've got a variety
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01282-00353847-00354080 of commission staffer would attend on
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01283-00354081-00354245 private sessions but I haven't heard
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01284-00354246-00354581 about people giving being given a choice
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01285-00354582-00354908 about you know whether there would be
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01286-00354909-00355121 more comfortable speaking to a male or a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01287-00355122-00355232 female
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01288-00355233-00355622 no and now I don't know how much that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01289-00355623-00356096 has affected the way is it's gone about
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01290-00356097-00356330 its work because I don't think that when
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01291-00356331-00356509 people are offered a private session
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01292-00356510-00356963 they know who they're going to meet so
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01293-00356964-00357200 you know what wouldn't be cases where
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01294-00357201-00357653 you know people have refused a session
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01295-00357654-00357821 without saying that it was you know
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01296-00357822-00358118 because the person that are going to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01297-00358119-00358394 meet with but I'm sure they're there
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01298-00358395-00358628 would have been private sessions that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01299-00358629-00358853 may have gone better if they'd been a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01300-00358854-00359189 bit more choice offered to the survivor
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01301-00359190-00359500 about who they were going to nice and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01302-00359501-00359900 also in are not difficult for the the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01303-00359901-00360263 commission that but perhaps a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01304-00360264-00360611 conversation about where that private
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01305-00360612-00360845 session is going to be how easy it is
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01306-00360846-00361037 for the person to get there giving them
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01307-00361038-00361310 a bit more more choice about that again
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01308-00361311-00361588 you know they can't they don't have the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01309-00361589-00361894 flexibility that we might have to say
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01310-00361895-00362267 was if you don't like what the place is
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01311-00362268-00362456 we're suggesting to meet you know we'll
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01312-00362457-00362687 find somewhere else I do know that they
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01313-00362688-00363068 do they do that I know that that maybe
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01314-00363069-00363221 not the commissioners that Commission
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01315-00363222-00363524 staff have had sessions with people in
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01316-00363525-00363710 their own homes where they have haven't
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01317-00363711-00364058 been comfortable to go anywhere else but
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01318-00364059-00364262 really apart from that I've struggled to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01319-00364263-00364472 find something that I could could
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01320-00364473-00364625 suggest that the Commission they do
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01321-00364626-00364931 better but right to hear hear of course
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01322-00364932-00365093 there's the broader questions about is
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01323-00365094-00365390 is the Commission broad enough you
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01324-00365391-00365699 mentioned the issue of sexual abuse in
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01325-00365700-00366011 families a lot of people that we deal
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01326-00366012-00366233 with don't fall within the terms of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01327-00366234-00366491 reference of the Commission before they
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01328-00366492-00367000 were over 18 when the abuse occurred but
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01329-00367001-00367373 occurred in a situation of imbalance of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01330-00367374-00367580 power or where our client was it was a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01331-00367581-00368056 vulnerable person in that situation but
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01332-00368057-00368600 you know that again the scope
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01333-00368601-00368819 but the Commission is then just a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01334-00368820-00369134 massive undertaking and the line has to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01335-00369135-00369373 be drawn somewhere and I understand that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01336-00369374-00369734 thanks John thank you both for that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01337-00369735-00369899 unlooked I would like to bring in a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01338-00369900-00370036 question that came from the UM the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01339-00370037-00370244 participants and I'd like to address it
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01340-00370245-00370487 to Jack and this was actually about
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01341-00370488-00370819 resilience so do we know anything about
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01342-00370820-00371093 the numbers of people who actually have
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01343-00371094-00371354 these kind of extreme experiences happen
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01344-00371355-00371720 to them in childhood and in fact do
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01345-00371721-00372026 recover without ever seeing health
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01346-00372027-00372329 professionals and and what Jack do you
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01347-00372330-00372563 think is some of this you know what do
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01348-00372564-00372767 you have well it's a very long question
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01349-00372768-00372920 but can you give us some hints about
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01350-00372921-00373205 what what you think helps make people
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01351-00373206-00373565 resilient yes thanks Mary look I don't
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01352-00373566-00373850 have numbers at my fingertips in regards
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01353-00373851-00374093 to to respond to that question but I
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01354-00374094-00374306 certainly would think that it is quite
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01355-00374307-00374573 possible one of the things that has
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01356-00374574-00374750 struck me in doing this work we're
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01357-00374751-00375005 actually seeing as the Commission is
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01358-00375006-00375320 itself people you know in in older older
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01359-00375321-00375595 age groups and I've certainly met many
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01360-00375596-00375941 people who have come to us where I've
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01361-00375942-00376190 been absolutely amazed and delighted
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01362-00376191-00376532 with their resilience where they come
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01363-00376533-00376805 not for therapy they've actually come to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01364-00376806-00377015 participate in the Royal Commission so
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01365-00377016-00377168 they want support in having their
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01366-00377169-00377641 private session and in some respects
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01367-00377642-00377993 looking at it from a societal view there
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01368-00377994-00378149 would be you know there would be those
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01369-00378150-00378434 that might say well you know there are
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01370-00378435-00378626 issues in their lives perhaps in
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01371-00378627-00378794 regulation to some of the things that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01372-00378795-00378965 you know middle class Australia would
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01373-00378966-00379289 woodcutter take for granted but when I
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01374-00379290-00379595 see how they have a process how they
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01375-00379596-00379916 function it strikes me that they've got
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01376-00379917-00380252 an amazing ability to manage their lives
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01377-00380253-00380588 and the thing that I'm I think that I've
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01378-00380589-00380933 value the most is it is about what they
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01379-00380934-00381188 value it is about them living true to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01380-00381189-00381389 their values and I've certainly met
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01381-00381390-00381916 survivors who have gone through the most
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01382-00381917-00382199 childhood and these are often those that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01383-00382200-00382490 have been in children's home so they had
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01384-00382491-00382733 no childhood as such they struggle with
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01385-00382734-00383021 identity but they've worked out who they
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01386-00383022-00383174 are through what they believe in and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01387-00383175-00383441 what they value and they live their life
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01388-00383442-00383774 now not so much dominated by what
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01389-00383775-00383951 society tells them they should be
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01390-00383952-00384167 worried about but what is true to their
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01391-00384168-00384386 values so i'm not sure that answers the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01392-00384387-00384620 question but that's certainly a personal
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01393-00384621-00384839 learning i have from doing this work and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01394-00384840-00385312 i cannot over eight how much you know
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01395-00385313-00385652 brazilian comes in all different manners
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01396-00385653-00386036 and no matter what the presentation of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01397-00386037-00386273 the survivor might be that comes through
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01398-00386274-00386534 our doors there's always some resilience
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01399-00386535-00386819 they are here they have survived they've
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01400-00386820-00387119 survived the unthinkable and we need to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01401-00387120-00387590 respect that absolutely thanks so much
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01402-00387591-00387845 jack now another thing a theme that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01403-00387846-00388052 always comes up in the MHP and webinars
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01404-00388053-00388244 and this is particularly relevant in
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01405-00388245-00388466 complex trauma a lot of the processes
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01406-00388467-00388556 we've been talking about
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01407-00388557-00388787 psychotherapeutic lee take a long time
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01408-00388788-00389096 and for many people the only access that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01409-00389097-00389315 they have they can afford is through
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01410-00389316-00389555 medicare and the ten sessions and many
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01411-00389556-00389750 of our load health practitioners often
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01412-00389751-00390167 asked about how to manage that so i
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01413-00390168-00390344 think that i might like to address that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01414-00390345-00390575 to Naomi if you have any comments on
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01415-00390576-00390815 what if anything can be done in 10
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01416-00390816-00391160 sessions and how how would one make the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01417-00391161-00391460 decision about whether to work with
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01418-00391461-00391646 someone who you know has experience
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01419-00391647-00391778 called latest former under that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01420-00391779-00392102 restriction look that it's a very good
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01421-00392103-00392345 question and it's something that I'm
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01422-00392346-00392570 asked a lot when I give trainings
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01423-00392571-00392873 ordering case consultations to I mean
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01424-00392874-00393080 I've been in a very fortunate position
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01425-00393081-00393299 of working in private practice and so
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01426-00393300-00393626 clients that come and see me have been
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01427-00393627-00393863 able to come as long as they have needed
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01428-00393864-00394064 to provide it obviously that they can
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01429-00394065-00394460 pay for counseling I think that it
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01430-00394461-00394694 really depends what you can do depends
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01431-00394695-00395037 on the level of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01432-00395038-00395331 tioning and stability of the individual
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01433-00395332-00395631 I think that if you've only got ten
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01434-00395632-00395844 sessions to work with I think you can do
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01435-00395845-00396042 things but really what you're going to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01436-00396043-00396411 be focusing on is helping them to find
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01437-00396412-00396696 ways to reduce their symptoms and this
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01438-00396697-00396867 is going to be really very beginning
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01439-00396868-00397116 work I mean I I don't think that you can
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01440-00397117-00397368 do a great deal in ten sessions but I
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01441-00397369-00397560 don't think that that means that we
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01442-00397561-00397752 shouldn't you know work with people when
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01443-00397753-00397950 that's all they've got available but we
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01444-00397951-00398322 need to be very very mindful that we are
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01445-00398323-00398688 not opening up material and then I know
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01446-00398689-00398859 pushing people out of the door where
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01447-00398860-00399147 they've got nowhere else to be able to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01448-00399148-00399411 seek some support so focusing on on
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01449-00399412-00399732 safety and stability grounding
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01450-00399733-00399915 techniques those kinds of things I think
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01451-00399916-00400188 are what you'd be looking at understand
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01452-00400189-00400542 under such circumstances and and then
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01453-00400543-00400767 encouraging them to come back following
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01454-00400768-00400911 you and they can get another turn
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01455-00400912-00401619 sessions thanks very much Naomi you look
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01456-00401620-00401760 at something that comes up every time
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01457-00401761-00402015 and and I think it's particularly in a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01458-00402016-00402222 collaborative work sometimes we can find
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01459-00402223-00402390 creative ways to work together with
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01460-00402391-00402612 other professionals to make sure the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01461-00402613-00402953 person is supported in an ongoing way
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01462-00402954-00403275 I'd like to bring John back in this I
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01463-00403276-00403533 know John you have a question for Jack
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01464-00403534-00403719 and I might get you to ask that first
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01465-00403720-00403851 and then I'm going to come back to you
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01466-00403852-00404030 with some more questions just about
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01467-00404031-00404286 supporting survivors through processes
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01468-00404287-00404556 but I'm John if you could just ask that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01469-00404557-00404739 question to Jack which was particularly
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01470-00404740-00404913 about something that happened for Brad
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01471-00404914-00405327 in the case study yeah sure and one of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01472-00405328-00405495 the things that sort of jumped out of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01473-00405496-00405768 the page for me when I read the case
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01474-00405769-00406035 study was the council are quite early in
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01475-00406036-00406257 the in those sessions which brad us
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01476-00406258-00406458 asked him the question now were you
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01477-00406459-00406875 abused and my question jack is what was
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01478-00406876-00407079 there a better way for the counselor to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01479-00407080-00407289 explore that possibility than just
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01480-00407290-00407541 confronting Brad with that give when
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01481-00407542-00407858 Brad hadn't said anything about abuse
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01482-00407859-00408156 yeah thanks John and I I agree when I
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01483-00408157-00408365 read the case study I know
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01484-00408366-00408665 that too certainly in terms of my
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01485-00408666-00408872 practice I certainly believe that it's
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01486-00408873-00409132 really important to explore childhood
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01487-00409133-00409504 trauma but I also said how we do this is
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01488-00409505-00409897 just as important so in my practice I
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01489-00409898-00410132 like to ask clients firstly if it's okay
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01490-00410133-00410332 for me to ask questions about their life
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01491-00410333-00410584 including their childhood and explaining
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01492-00410585-00410782 the purpose for doing this and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01493-00410783-00410974 explaining that it is actually ok for
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01494-00410975-00411109 them not to want to answer certain
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01495-00411110-00411512 questions so I might talk about you know
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01496-00411513-00411676 that sometimes things happen to us as
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01497-00411677-00411949 children that can affect us as adults
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01498-00411950-00412163 specifically I would avoid using the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01499-00412164-00412405 term abuse because I don't think I think
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01500-00412406-00412564 for many people that's not necessarily a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01501-00412566-00412718 determined that resonates for the more
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01502-00412718-00412868 or that they would use to describe
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01503-00412868-00413059 what's happened to them or they may be
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01504-00413060-00413438 unsure about that so I find asking a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01505-00413439-00413764 more specific question more specific
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01506-00413766-00414005 questions about their childhood can be
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01507-00414006-00414266 useful and an example of that might be
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01508-00414267-00414545 when you were a child did anyone ever do
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01509-00414546-00414749 anything sexual to you that made you
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01510-00414750-00415039 uncomfortable but when I'm exploring
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01511-00415041-00415214 this I think it's really important
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01512-00415214-00415501 always you know looking at safety and so
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01513-00415502-00415747 you know in this engagement process and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01514-00415748-00415924 then following into the assessment it is
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01515-00415925-00416176 about creating safe or at least safe
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01516-00416177-00416453 enough space for the client to be able
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01517-00416454-00416860 to disclose if they want to also though
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01518-00416862-00417137 just as importantly is how counselors
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01519-00417138-00417322 respond so if we're going to ask
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01520-00417323-00417535 questions we need to think about how we
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01521-00417537-00417809 will respond to this and it's very
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01522-00417810-00418024 common in my experience for a survivor
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01523-00418025-00418207 to feel that they are a bad person as
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01524-00418208-00418489 we've talked about tonight and how that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01525-00418491-00418684 made meaning and sense of have why the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01526-00418685-00418943 abuse took pies so they might be
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01527-00418943-00419138 concerned that once we know this about
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01528-00419139-00419422 then we know this secret about them we
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01529-00419423-00419693 will judge them accordingly so for me
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01530-00419693-00419920 this this is an area that we need to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01531-00419921-00420212 take great care we need to really tune
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01532-00420213-00420472 in to the client in front of us where
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01533-00420473-00420713 the client is at I also think it can be
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01534-00420714-00420970 useful to share information about child
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01535-00420971-00421307 sexual abuse including what it is the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01536-00421308-00421595 dynamics emphasizing the pair imbalance
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01537-00421596-00421742 and how this is never
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01538-00421743-00421952 the child's fault so you can put it out
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01539-00421953-00422543 there really clearly and and prevalence
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01540-00422543-00422771 because that brings in that you know if
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01541-00422772-00423008 they do share this they're not align
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01542-00423009-00423197 this has happened to other people and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01543-00423197-00423572 common effects the one thing I noticed
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01544-00423572-00423827 in this case study when I was looking at
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01545-00423828-00424205 it was it made me wonder for Brad what
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01546-00424206-00424520 how much of a burden carrying the secret
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01547-00424521-00424660 you know the secret that he kept
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01548-00424662-00424847 pressing down and pressing down how much
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01549-00424847-00425099 of a burden that must have been over
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01550-00425100-00425422 those years and thinking about how I as
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01551-00425424-00425647 a counselor could support him just to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01552-00425649-00425984 begin to share that in a way that was
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01553-00425985-00426343 safe for him having said that I do think
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01554-00426345-00426547 it's important also tonight that we you
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01555-00426549-00426782 know if we ask and scream for childhood
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01556-00426783-00426964 trauma we don't need to probe to the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01557-00426966-00427262 details of what exactly has happened
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01558-00427263-00427514 that that is not necessarily going to be
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01559-00427514-00427871 appropriate at this point in time if a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01560-00427872-00428110 client discloses and of course they may
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01561-00428112-00428384 not which is also ok then I would thank
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01562-00428385-00428560 them for doing so and ask them how
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01563-00428562-00428732 they're feeling about having done that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01564-00428733-00429017 and i would spend some time in them
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01565-00429018-00429218 before winding up the session checking
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01566-00429218-00429397 that they feel safe to leave that they
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01567-00429399-00429643 feel grounded and even go through and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01568-00429645-00429878 explore you know what how they're going
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01569-00429879-00430039 to get through the next few days or
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01570-00430041-00430238 perhaps to the next session just to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01571-00430239-00430430 check in that that you know they are
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01572-00430431-00430625 doing okay and that they're going to be
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01573-00430626-00431197 okay with this thanks jack and so I
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01574-00431199-00431378 guess that what you you know there may
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01575-00431379-00431572 be times when it you can't provide that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01576-00431574-00431743 safety and I suppose I think about
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01577-00431745-00432017 perhaps GPS who may be only have a very
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01578-00432018-00432413 short time and yes so there were a few
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01579-00432414-00432581 questions from the participants just
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01580-00432582-00432764 about winners are unwise to ask those
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01581-00432764-00432899 questions and I think it's good to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01582-00432900-00433043 acknowledge that it we need to think
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01583-00433043-00433435 about it I like to take it back to John
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01584-00433437-00433862 and so um I guess for bread if he does
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01585-00433863-00434072 decide to disclose to this council of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01586-00434072-00434375 what happened to him if it's never been
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01587-00434376-00434668 reported to the police are there any
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01588-00434670-00434903 specific processes that the counselor
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01589-00434904-00435072 needs to follow in case Brad
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01590-00435072-00435560 starts to do that in future that's the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01591-00435562-00436193 John yeah I'm not I'm not really clear
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01592-00436195-00436530 on what the question is I would
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01593-00436531-00436752 certainly like what Jack had said in
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01594-00436753-00437001 terms of the other council are not
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01595-00437002-00437543 delving into the the details there but
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01596-00437545-00438113 obviously if if bread wanted to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01597-00438114-00438393 spontaneously disguise and sometimes
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01598-00438393-00438764 yeah giving people that opportunity is
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01599-00438764-00439080 the yeah the opportunity that waiting
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01600-00439081-00439347 for to unburden themselves about it and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01601-00439347-00439545 for example one of the first things we
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01602-00439546-00439722 say to people when they contact us is
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01603-00439722-00439889 you know we don't need to talk about the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01604-00439891-00440427 details but some people want to and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01605-00440428-00440885 obviously that's that's fine from it
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01606-00440887-00441122 from our point of view one of the early
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01607-00441124-00441460 things we do talk to people about is
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01608-00441462-00441908 going to the police and if they are
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01609-00441909-00442293 minded to go to the police then then we
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01610-00442293-00442512 wouldn't in our role you know start
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01611-00442513-00442722 taking down the details are taking a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01612-00442722-00442926 statement from somebody about what had
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01613-00442927-00443205 happened we would have them speak to the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01614-00443206-00443442 police first but uh I think that would
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01615-00443443-00443742 be a different situation if the person
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01616-00443743-00444003 was seen Jacqueline I a me in and had
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01617-00444004-00444327 spontaneously disguised yeah that's
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01618-00444328-00444514 really helpful John thank you for that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01619-00444516-00444816 merit Mary can I just jump in and say a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01620-00444817-00444978 couple of things I was I was just
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01621-00444979-00445259 thinking of another related issue about
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01622-00445260-00445647 you know having disclosed and also the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01623-00445647-00445908 issue of making a report to the place
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01624-00445909-00446124 and I think one of the things that it's
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01625-00446125-00446457 really important to be mindful of is
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01626-00446458-00446781 that talking to a client if they haven't
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01627-00446782-00447087 been to the police and made a statement
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01628-00447088-00447375 talking to a client about whether that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01629-00447376-00447621 is something that they might wish to do
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01630-00447622-00447893 it's really important I think to step
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01631-00447895-00448152 the client through what the pros and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01632-00448153-00448425 cons cons of taking back
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01633-00448426-00448739 might be for them and for them to be you
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01634-00448740-00448956 know to have a think about and take
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01635-00448957-00449256 their time thinking about what would
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01636-00449257-00449550 happen what would be the outcome for
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01637-00449551-00449802 them if they didn't get the kind of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01638-00449803-00450035 response that they hope to you know
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01639-00450036-00450210 whether that's a conviction or whether
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01640-00450210-00450491 it's you know a confrontation with the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01641-00450492-00450750 perpetrator and hoping for an apology
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01642-00450751-00451110 because if a kind takes the action goes
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01643-00451110-00451320 down that path too early in their
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01644-00451321-00451620 process it may actually be
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01645-00451621-00451872 counterproductive in terms of their
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01646-00451872-00452129 healing and so I always talk to clients
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01647-00452130-00452424 about doing that if that's something
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01648-00452425-00452693 that they wish to do at a point where
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01649-00452694-00452966 they feel that they are resilient enough
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01650-00452967-00453191 that they have enough internal resources
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01651-00453192-00453581 to manage whatever the outcome might be
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01652-00453582-00454020 of taking that action thanks Naomi I
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01653-00454021-00454220 think that was really helpful look I'm
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01654-00454221-00454416 just so aware that there's a massive
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01655-00454417-00454572 amount of stuff that we could talk about
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01656-00454572-00454779 and that lots and lots of the questions
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01657-00454780-00455025 that people have raised we just haven't
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01658-00455026-00455229 been able to cover but we I do want to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01659-00455230-00455360 acknowledge that there was particularly
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01660-00455361-00455514 interesting different kinds of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01661-00455514-00455718 therapeutic approaches things like
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01662-00455718-00455877 somatic treatments and the trauma
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01663-00455878-00456166 release exercises and perhaps that a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01664-00456167-00456420 process to therapy might be a subject of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01665-00456421-00456864 another webinar I just I think that I
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01666-00456864-00457143 can give you about 20 seconds each to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01667-00457143-00457406 just sum up a key point and i think i
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01668-00457407-00457595 will just put warwick on the spot first
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01669-00457596-00457772 if they're just one thing that you'd
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01670-00457773-00458124 like to leave people with work yes that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01671-00458125-00458550 that society is changing that the Royal
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01672-00458551-00458802 Commission represents the confluence of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01673-00458803-00459068 a lot of work by a lot of consumer
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01674-00459069-00459252 groups and also supported by
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01675-00459253-00459456 professional organizations and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01676-00459457-00459747 researchers that of actually pushing us
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01677-00459747-00459933 beyond the tipping point I don't think I
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01678-00459934-00460091 don't think our society is easily going
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01679-00460092-00460541 to go back to 21 of silence so while
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01680-00460542-00460739 while there is friction around the edges
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01681-00460740-00461343 and and times debates I think that that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01682-00461343-00461600 what is happening is ultimately very
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01683-00461601-00461791 healthy and I'm also
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01684-00461792-00462145 mindful that there's a great influx in
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01685-00462146-00462409 the number of educational opportunities
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01686-00462410-00462675 conferences professional bodies
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01687-00462676-00463045 guidelines etc so all of that positive
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01688-00463046-00463320 thanks thanks so much worry and Naomi
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01689-00463321-00463464 will bring you back in and I just wanted
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01690-00463466-00463687 to revisit what you your picture with
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01691-00463688-00463864 the spider entertain come into the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01692-00463864-00464068 parlor is going to stick with me because
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01693-00464068-00464241 that is we're asking people to come into
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01694-00464242-00464425 this extremely private and vulnerable
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01695-00464426-00464782 space yeah was there something that you
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01696-00464783-00464929 would like to stay just to finish up
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01697-00464930-00465175 look yes and I would actually like to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01698-00465176-00465393 focus on what we touched on right at the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01699-00465394-00465580 beginning in the introduction and that's
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01700-00465581-00465822 that's about self-care I really would
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01701-00465823-00466072 like to thank the other people on the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01702-00466072-00466252 panel and all the people who are
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01703-00466253-00466555 listening in for their bravery and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01704-00466556-00466825 commitment to do this work it really is
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01705-00466826-00467118 incredibly challenging it does take a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01706-00467119-00467391 personal toll as well as a professional
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01707-00467392-00467647 toll and it's so important that we take
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01708-00467647-00467899 care of ourselves so that we can go on
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01709-00467900-00468109 and lead sort of like enjoyable and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01710-00468110-00468397 productive lives and be you know have
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01711-00468397-00468645 longevity in the field so that we can
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01712-00468646-00468988 keep doing the work thanks so much Naomi
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01713-00468989-00469480 John any final words from you yeah well
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01714-00469481-00469716 firstly to echo what Naomi had said
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01715-00469717-00469935 that's a that's a great challenge in the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01716-00469937-00470479 work I guess one the final point I'd
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01717-00470480-00470668 like to make is that you know the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01718-00470668-00471007 importance to for people to have
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01719-00471008-00471256 accurate information and whether that's
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01720-00471257-00471637 from the counselor the social worker the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01721-00471638-00472095 lawyer or whatever other service
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01722-00472096-00472449 provider that they're approaching that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01723-00472450-00472645 yes they need to have accurate
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01724-00472646-00473004 information about what the options are
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01725-00473005-00473295 Thank You Warwick and Jack I wondered if
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01726-00473296-00473575 you wanted to UM just have the final
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01727-00473576-00473878 word from our panel thanks thank you
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01728-00473879-00474082 Mary do I want to just make two very
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01729-00474083-00474307 quick points 1 I just want to quote
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01730-00474308-00474700 Shapiro that it's our ability to connect
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01731-00474701-00474934 that's our best therapeutic tall just
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01732-00474935-00475078 touching on what works said about the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01733-00475079-00475183 importance of the syrup
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01734-00475184-00475387 utica lions I don't think that can be
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01735-00475388-00475642 overemphasized with this client group
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01736-00475643-00475900 the other point I just want to make and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01737-00475901-00476074 following on from what Warwick said
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01738-00476075-00476350 about society changing we need to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01739-00476351-00476605 continue this very very important
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01740-00476606-00476872 conversation as mental health workers we
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01741-00476872-00477072 are we see people who have had these
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01742-00477074-00477370 experiences we need to continue the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01743-00477371-00477559 conversation the Royal Commission is
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01744-00477560-00477847 finite it will finish but we need to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01745-00477847-00478054 make sure that this remains part of our
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01746-00478055-00478333 public discourse for much longer to come
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01747-00478334-00478518 that's what I'd ask everyone to think
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01748-00478520-00478780 about thank you thank you and that's a
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01749-00478781-00478951 really good challenging note to end on
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01750-00478952-00479149 once again I just like to thank
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01751-00479150-00479439 everybody for participating we do
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01752-00479441-00479599 apologize once again for the technical
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01753-00479600-00479818 issues you will be able to download the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01754-00479818-00479977 webinar and you won't have the same
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01755-00479978-00480151 issues the slides will also be available
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01756-00480152-00480393 I mean you will get a certificate of
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01757-00480395-00480553 attendance even if you had to drop out
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01758-00480554-00480843 early so we apologize for that please do
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01759-00480845-00481075 complete the exit survey and everyone
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01760-00481076-00481282 will be sent an email linking you to all
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01761-00481283-00481555 those resources within a week our next
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01762-00481556-00481747 webinar will be announced very soon to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01763-00481747-00481939 keep an eye out for your invitation and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01764-00481939-00482167 I'd encourage you also to look at your
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01765-00482168-00482485 own local area networks and if you wish
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01766-00482485-00482659 to start a special interest group in
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01767-00482660-00482863 your local area including around the
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01768-00482864-00483088 subject of trauma please do contact MHP
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01769-00483089-00483304 n for assistance in how to get that
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01770-00483305-00483643 going and I'm just on a final note and I
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01771-00483643-00483843 think this is really important I would
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01772-00483845-00484102 like to acknowledge that there are many
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01773-00484103-00484324 consumers and carers who have lived with
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01774-00484325-00484543 mental illness in the past and those who
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01775-00484543-00484699 continue to live with mental illness in
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01776-00484700-00485035 the present and M hpn is here to support
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01777-00485035-00485314 practitioners helping those people and
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01778-00485314-00485472 in fact it's not of them and asked its
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01779-00485474-00485683 most of us so I just want to thank
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01780-00485684-00485878 everybody so much for your participation
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01781-00485879-00486093 this evening and we look forward to
+Az6ojRdp-1M-01782-00486095-00486412 seeing you at another webinar
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00000-00000024-00000199 sup minions my name is device de clark
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00001-00000200-00000327 and welcome
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00002-00000328-00000615 back i guess to where we left off
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00003-00000616-00000703 yes
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00004-00000704-00000935 in the doom horror map
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00005-00000936-00001262 are you here can i stop spectating
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00006-00001263-00001503 um you can i mean hello everybody my
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00007-00001504-00001751 name is explosion machine and welcome
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00008-00001752-00001982 to ghost force three second attempt
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00009-00001984-00002287 source first okay second attempt let's
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00010-00002288-00002375 go
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00011-00002376-00002502 all right
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00012-00002503-00002910 join game oh [__] what the [__]
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00013-00002911-00003087 oh come on
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00014-00003088-00003247 did you restart it
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00015-00003247-00003415 no
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00016-00003415-00003575 what
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00017-00003576-00003735 [__] running are you sure you
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00018-00003736-00003967 restarted it
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00019-00003968-00004151 i did
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00020-00004152-00004351 i can't even see what's killing me i
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00021-00004352-00004551 can't even see what's killing me
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00022-00004552-00004783 oh someone killed it
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00023-00004784-00004935 you did it
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00024-00004936-00005086 yay
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00025-00005087-00005191 high five
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00026-00005192-00005495 nuke oh another one all right three two
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00027-00005496-00005934 one
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00028-00005935-00006359 okay yeah yeah all right who's next
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00029-00006360-00006614 i better not be that girl again
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00030-00006615-00006919 don't say that i'm sorry it better be
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00031-00006920-00007167 that girl again
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00032-00007168-00007342 there he is
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00033-00007343-00007751 i've cursed us all
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00034-00007752-00008014 beware
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00035-00008015-00008246 don't know what's gonna happen
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00036-00008247-00008439 oh it's a ghoul
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00037-00008440-00008703 it's on the floor it's quick
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00038-00008704-00008983 what do you mean oh i found it
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00039-00008984-00009374 let's try that coming after you though
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00040-00009375-00009574 i have to admit it scares me a lot less
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00041-00009575-00009742 it doesn't scare me as much now i mean
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00042-00009743-00010063 it pop-ups you scream
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00043-00010064-00010446 yes i'm not scared by [__] god
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00044-00010447-00010687 okay yeah i lied it's a little bit scary
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00045-00010688-00010814 just a little bit
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00046-00010815-00011303 i see them out in the forest
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00047-00011304-00011583 take that
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00048-00011584-00011774 what the [__]
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00049-00011775-00011895 what
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00050-00011896-00012078 oh it's coming after me
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00051-00012079-00012359 i killed you i'm the best arrow man in
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00052-00012360-00012551 the world
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00053-00012552-00012727 [__] you
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00054-00012728-00012910 hell yes
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00055-00012911-00013158 okay i'm not going to do scary sounds in
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00056-00013159-00013422 this game
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00057-00013423-00013622 oh she's over there
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00058-00013623-00013727 i mean
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00059-00013728-00013943 sorry it's the skull it's the skull
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00060-00013944-00014079 skeleton king
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00061-00014080-00014399 oh [__]
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00062-00014400-00014607 jitterbones what's your jittery
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00063-00014608-00014775 skill
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00064-00014776-00014975 i got it in the face once
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00065-00014976-00015143 if we can get if we can hit it once
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00066-00015144-00015383 every time we die
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00067-00015384-00015647 it has eyes like really tiny eyes when
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00068-00015647-00016415 it attacks you [__] red eyes
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00069-00016416-00016615 what the [__]
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00070-00016616-00017222 how do you response that so quick
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00071-00017223-00017399 oh you missed [__] what are you gonna
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00072-00017400-00017599 say about that old miss twice bit almost
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00073-00017600-00017903 three times bit oh
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00074-00017904-00018239 god damn it
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00075-00018240-00018439 oh yeah
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00076-00018440-00018622 oh yeah
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00077-00018623-00018855 you see this guy right here he is
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00078-00018856-00019214 amazing he's the best arrow person ever
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00079-00019215-00019335 where is
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00080-00019336-00019519 oh then i'll be that woman again i saw
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00081-00019520-00019950 an eye just denied there she is
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00082-00019951-00020119 wait a minute don't tell me this woman
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00083-00020120-00020399 don't tell me wait do you want me you
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00084-00020400-00020671 want me to die once okay just gonna save
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00085-00020672-00020791 one
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00086-00020792-00021119 i'm gonna stand still
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00087-00021120-00021247 i hear the heartbeat i hear the
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00088-00021248-00021447 heartbeat
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00089-00021448-00021647 she's right behind you man
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00090-00021648-00021983 she has been right behind you one time
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00091-00021984-00022094 no joke
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00092-00022095-00022222 right behind you
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00093-00022223-00023694 oh god right behind you
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00094-00023695-00024039 did you die no not once [__] [__] she's
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00095-00024040-00024207 i think she's just gonna have to kill me
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00096-00024208-00024422 shits will hit the fan by the way a
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00097-00024423-00024703 single man world war 3 is here today and
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00098-00024704-00025047 one way man is going to pay
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00099-00025048-00025183 oh [__]
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00100-00025184-00025358 okay happy music
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00101-00025359-00025614 [__] will hit the fan yeah being a
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00102-00025616-00025767 single man
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00103-00025768-00025983 world war three is here today and macro
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00104-00025983-00026358 of one day is going to pay
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00105-00026360-00026574 [__] she has been right behind
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00106-00026575-00026646 now
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00107-00026647-00026870 right behind you
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00108-00026872-00027039 i think she's only trying to kill me
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00109-00027039-00027174 like really
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00110-00027175-00027414 what the [__] she's only killed me so
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00111-00027416-00028199 far okay she's in front of me
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00112-00028200-00028423 no
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00113-00028424-00028727 man you gotta help me
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00114-00028727-00029183 okay why is only after you why not me
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00115-00029183-00029439 my dad watches a good guy i'm standing
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00116-00029439-00029927 hands back to back back to back to back
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00117-00029927-00030095 if she kills me now
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00118-00030095-00030399 she's about to hear some heart beeping
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00119-00030400-00030527 yes i do
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00120-00030527-00030927 okay i heard it too
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00121-00030927-00031190 stay close to me
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00122-00031191-00031351 ow
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00123-00031352-00031551 oh she's over there
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00124-00031552-00031735 okay i'm staying close i'm staying close
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00125-00031736-00031831 wait
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00126-00031832-00032335 if she doesn't even get to me
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00127-00032336-00032743 you've got to be like
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00128-00032744-00032911 oh you've been right
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00129-00032912-00033167 i'm afraid i'm afraid oh
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00130-00033168-00033462 god damn it
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00131-00033463-00033807 god
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00132-00033808-00034039 i know the strategy now
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00133-00034040-00034207 she's spawning
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00134-00034208-00034383 right in front of me
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00135-00034384-00034535 if i
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00136-00034536-00035055 back to back to me
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00137-00035056-00035415 yes i hear that when i say it it does
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00138-00035416-00035631 that's just
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00139-00035632-00036111 pushed me a little bit but that's okay
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00140-00036112-00036231 here
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00141-00036232-00036374 show yourself
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00142-00036375-00036855 this is just
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00143-00036856-00037023 that
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00144-00037024-00037246 almost
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00145-00037247-00037883 is that stupid who added
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00146-00037884-00038390 here oh god she's closing in oh
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00147-00038391-00038574 did you get it
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00148-00038575-00038695 we got her
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00149-00038696-00038879 oh yeah
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00150-00038880-00039190 [__] yes yes
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00151-00039191-00039311 yes
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00152-00039312-00039535 high five this time
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00153-00039536-00039846 okay three two one half
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00154-00039847-00040007 complete
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00155-00040008-00040207 wait i can't move
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00156-00040208-00040551 oh it restarted
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00157-00040552-00040815 well i will let them kill me that was
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00158-00040816-00040927 amazing
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00159-00040928-00041046 oh god
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00160-00041047-00041295 all right well yeah like if you enjoyed
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00161-00041296-00041455 subscribe to become a minion anything
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00162-00041456-00041662 you want to say
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00163-00041663-00042311 that was jenna bones
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00164-00042312-00042574 why you anyway yeah so say something
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00165-00042575-00043190 while i die
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00166-00043191-00043318 subscribe
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00167-00043319-00043502 to become a peaceful person
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00168-00043503-00043711 and to be a pro and to be part of the
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00169-00043712-00043815 people
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00170-00043816-00043958 and we killed
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00171-00043959-00044262 the skulls another skeleton thing
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00172-00044263-00044430 and uh
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00173-00044431-00044735 warning this game doesn't contains for
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00174-00044736-00045367 people less 12 years old
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00175-00045368-00045583 yeah yeah we can subscribe to become a
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00176-00045584-00045935 minion and subscribe to become a person
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00177-00045936-00046190 as a against haters
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00178-00046191-00046487 and we'll see you guys later on tonight
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00179-00046488-00046687 yeah yeah maybe yeah alright see you
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00180-00046688-00048183 guys next time
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00181-00048184-00048551 do you know what it's like when
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00182-00048552-00048855 you're scared to see yourself do you
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00183-00048856-00049151 know what it's like when
+A-1A8OJxLTM-00184-00049152-00049644 you wish you were someone else
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00000-00000003-00000260 we explained son and squamous cell
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00001-00000261-00000763 carcinoma of the skin meet George over
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00002-00000764-00001040 the last few months he has started to
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00003-00001041-00001256 notice slight bumps and itchy patches on
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00004-00001257-00001331 his arms
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00005-00001332-00001558 George becomes alarmed because he
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00006-00001559-00001766 doesn't wear any sunscreen while on
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00007-00001767-00002288 lifeguard duty at the beach George goes
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00008-00002289-00002504 to see his dermatologist who suggests
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00009-00002505-00002776 having the bumps on his arms removed he
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00010-00002777-00003005 has a skin biopsy performed and learns
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00011-00003006-00003224 that he has squamous cell carcinoma of
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00012-00003225-00003731 the skin squamous cell carcinoma is the
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00013-00003732-00003931 second most common cancer of the skin
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00014-00003932-00004147 that develops in the squamous cells of
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00015-00004148-00004411 the epidermis it is typically diagnosed
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00016-00004412-00004634 by a dermatologist by paying close
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00017-00004635-00004870 attention to any new or unusual growth
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00018-00004871-00005347 and spots on the skin it is usually
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00019-00005348-00005513 non-threatening but can be aggressive
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00020-00005514-00005827 most cases arise from prolonged exposure
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00021-00005828-00006101 to UV radiation either from sunlight or
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00022-00006102-00006589 from tanning beds most squamous cell
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00023-00006590-00006820 carcinomas of the skin can be completely
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00024-00006822-00007064 removed with relatively minor surgery or
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00025-00007065-00007295 occasionally with a topical medication
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00026-00007295-00007549 which squamous cell carcinoma of the
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00027-00007550-00007778 skin treatments are best for you depends
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00028-00007779-00008027 on the size location and aggressiveness
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00029-00008028-00008444 of the tumor the pathogenesis of
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00030-00008445-00008660 squamous cell carcinoma is
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00031-00008661-00008942 multifactorial the main contributing
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00032-00008943-00009230 factor is UV sunlight exposure which can
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00033-00009231-00009473 cause formation of thymine dimers in our
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00034-00009474-00009770 DNA there are three stages that result
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00035-00009771-00009983 in malignant transformation and spread
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00036-00009984-00010292 of cancer cells initiation promotion and
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00037-00010293-00010828 amp progression the best way to prevent
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00038-00010829-00011033 squamous cell skin cancer is to
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00039-00011034-00011219 consistently shield your skin from
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00040-00011220-00011492 sunlight for example you should apply
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00041-00011493-00011728 broad-spectrum sunscreen with a minimum
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00042-00011729-00011974 of 30 sun protection factor daily and
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00043-00011975-00012203 every two hours if you're sweating or
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00044-00012204-00012431 swimming
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00045-00012432-00012717 you should stay in the shade and wear
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00046-00012718-00012941 protective hats and damp clothing when
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00047-00012942-00013225 going outside
+A-AwA2aR2P0-00048-00013226-00013538 [Music]
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00000-00000107-00000348 foreign
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00001-00000349-00001229 [Music]
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00002-00001230-00001378 so this session is called the trouble
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00003-00001379-00001499 with history
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00004-00001500-00001709 and the the two writers we've got here
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00005-00001710-00001960 uh this morning uh right next to me
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00006-00001961-00002207 Amanda Smith
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00007-00002208-00002471 yes that's welcome huh
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00008-00002472-00002807 so Amanda Smith is the prize-winning
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00009-00002808-00003095 Irish Trinidadian author of three novels
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00010-00003096-00003370 the most recent one is Fortune published
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00011-00003371-00003556 just last year
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00012-00003557-00003695 um and also the author of two previous
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00013-00003696-00003838 novels
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00014-00003839-00004235 um Fortune was shortlisted for the Sir
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00015-00004236-00004456 Walter Scott prize for historical
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00016-00004457-00004649 fiction is that the proper name so that
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00017-00004650-00004997 deserves a round of applause please
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00018-00004998-00005177 and Fortune is the book that she's going
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00019-00005178-00005386 to be talking about today and then next
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00020-00005387-00005777 to Amanda is Cecil Brown Cecil oh
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00021-00005778-00006059 I had no Big Lots of fans in the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00022-00006060-00006293 audience did you pay them Cecil did you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00023-00006294-00006517 pay them to clap
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00024-00006518-00006803 is from Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00025-00006804-00006977 originally but has lived in the UK for
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00026-00006978-00007096 quite yet so in Vincent and the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00027-00007097-00007213 Grenadine
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00028-00007214-00007513 SVG Vinci
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00029-00007514-00007787 but has lived in the UK for quite some
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00030-00007788-00007913 time he's published several books to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00031-00007914-00008063 show at fiction but the piece he's going
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00032-00008064-00008219 to read from today is actually a short
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00033-00008220-00008495 story called a hat for Lemo and a hat
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00034-00008496-00008873 for Lemo won the 2022 Commonwealth short
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00035-00008874-00009149 story prize in the UK and Europe region
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00036-00009150-00009773 so let's give that a round of applause
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00037-00009774-00010019 so as as the title of the event might
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00038-00010020-00010217 suggest and as you might have guessed
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00039-00010218-00010373 from you know the works that I just
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00040-00010374-00010542 described we're here to talk about
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00041-00010543-00010787 historical fiction or history and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00042-00010788-00011063 fiction or is history fiction but not if
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00043-00011064-00011188 fiction is history because history
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00044-00011189-00011369 because fiction is not history it's very
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00045-00011370-00011585 much with us and I think before we get
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00046-00011586-00011777 into the conversation party it would be
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00047-00011778-00011963 good to hear a bit from from the writing
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00048-00011964-00012196 get a sense of the stories the voices
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00049-00012197-00012388 and so I think I will ask the two
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00050-00012389-00012623 writers to read in chronological order
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00051-00012624-00012827 not chronological order when they were
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00052-00012828-00013079 born because I don't know but in
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00053-00013080-00013288 chronological order when when the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00054-00013290-00013571 stories are set so Cecil's story is set
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00055-00013572-00013961 in the in 1858 in the 19th century uh
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00056-00013962-00014165 post-emancipation period in Saint
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00057-00014166-00014513 Vincent so Sasso share a little bit of a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00058-00014513-00014705 hat for Lemma with us please and take us
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00059-00014706-00014933 back to the 19th century
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00060-00014934-00015149 so there's stories called a hat for
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00061-00015150-00015594 Lemma and it's set in Saint Vincent 1858
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00062-00015595-00015977 after emancipation okay you have to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00063-00015978-00016330 imagine me as Lemma who is a female so
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00064-00016331-00016750 do your best okay
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00065-00016751-00016961 we're in Pelt the whole night in the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00066-00016962-00017063 mountain
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00067-00017064-00017272 it silenced the animals that love to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00068-00017273-00017417 break my sleep
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00069-00017418-00017650 It joined the wind and laughed my tiny
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00070-00017651-00017897 wooden Shack with a volcano Ridge break
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00071-00017898-00018071 for a bit of flat
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00072-00018072-00018371 next morning the sun battle back so
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00073-00018372-00018730 fierce the storm seemed like a bad dream
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00074-00018731-00018989 after such a stormy night the ground
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00075-00018990-00019258 still slippery strange to spot someone
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00076-00019259-00019499 struggling up the slope to my home as
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00077-00019500-00019733 I'm coconut oil in my hair
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00078-00019734-00019997 Caribs and runaways hunting wild pigs I
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00079-00019998-00020321 could understand but a white man and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00080-00020322-00020585 alone so deep in the mountain
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00081-00020586-00020867 from the narrow slip of a window I touch
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00082-00020868-00021113 the figure sweeping back the bushes like
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00083-00021114-00021322 a paddler in a canoe
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00084-00021323-00021658 heavy man with a big red bulging food
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00085-00021659-00021767 face
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00086-00021768-00022019 much splatter his choices up to the belt
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00087-00022020-00022241 and the Green Jacket holding back his
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00088-00022242-00022433 stomach catch a cake into
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00089-00022434-00022697 this man Brave what he could want with
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00090-00022698-00022943 me I sleep out the back door and take
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00091-00022944-00023267 apart to the forest sometimes best to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00092-00023268-00023513 greet and into the hug in a tree
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00093-00023514-00023794 he made to take a step forward his eyes
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00094-00023795-00024064 on the house as if it might disappear if
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00095-00024065-00024185 you look away
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00096-00024186-00024449 before he could tell himself not far to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00097-00024450-00024844 go he fall flat on his back when Satan
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00098-00024845-00025133 he staggered to his feet furious with
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00099-00025134-00025408 some joystick he didn't notice when he
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00100-00025409-00025612 finished brushing off his clothes he
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00101-00025613-00025912 fined me beside him my narrow face soft
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00102-00025913-00026249 but close you treat me he growled you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00103-00026250-00026446 freaking true me down
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00104-00026447-00026735 the blue veins in his next pulse this
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00105-00026736-00026999 local ball Creole white who blend our
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00106-00027000-00027143 language with his
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00107-00027144-00027364 but I don't step back when he's not on
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00108-00027366-00027737 grunt he on crownland my land
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00109-00027738-00028055 I cross my arms and stare back at him my
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00110-00028056-00028283 name is Noah Brisbane he say after a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00111-00028283-00028361 while
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00112-00028362-00028595 my Horseman melatonia nor the island
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00113-00028595-00028708 well
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00114-00028710-00028985 you guide people across the mountain and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00115-00028986-00029273 find those who get lost for small some
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00116-00029274-00029555 I dig my toes into the mud and force my
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00117-00029556-00029717 body up the hill to my little garden
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00118-00029718-00030052 patch leaving him there material
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00119-00030054-00030257 we shouldn't turned to cursing as he
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00120-00030258-00030424 stumbled up behind me
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00121-00030425-00030629 I almost finished picking herbs at the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00122-00030630-00030874 side of the house by the time he reach I
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00123-00030875-00031181 only stayed nine miles from Kingston
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00124-00031182-00031414 nine miles south of Kingston will place
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00125-00031416-00031696 him in the Caribbean Sea nine miles
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00126-00031697-00031895 north in Mexico Valley
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00127-00031895-00032177 West would find a tongue of Leo where
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00128-00032177-00032399 the Reverend Alexander shipping his 200
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00129-00032400-00032645 slaves to mantega because he cared for
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00130-00032645-00032962 them so much the Brisbane now spotted on
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00131-00032963-00033185 a stone in my yard must meet East then
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00132-00033186-00033395 the diamond estate
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00133-00033396-00033593 I begin to pick up cookies bag with
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00134-00033594-00033790 herbs while he sweep the sweat from his
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00135-00033791-00034102 forehead my work is in listening I ask
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00136-00034103-00034246 when I'm ready
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00137-00034247-00034505 Brisbane take my silence to me that I
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00138-00034506-00034774 curious so he said you want to know why
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00139-00034775-00035039 you're here I suppose I don't answer him
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00140-00035040-00035399 my herbs am I live in well two weeks ago
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00141-00035400-00035665 I invited an Englishman to my home
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00142-00035666-00035867 Wesley string
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00143-00035868-00036095 the Methodist Church in England sent him
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00144-00036096-00036262 to Saint Vincent to report on the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00145-00036263-00036496 schools but is vanished
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00146-00036497-00036629 schools
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00147-00036630-00036833 Brisbane asks the question for me then
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00148-00036834-00037121 he continued remember emancipation in
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00149-00037122-00037265 1838
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00150-00037266-00037505 well School spring up on coconut palms
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00151-00037506-00037811 Stills and where schools rise inspectors
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00152-00037812-00037996 follow okay
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00153-00037997-00038246 we'll leave it there for a while yeah
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00154-00038247-00038873 [Applause]
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00155-00038874-00039077 so that's a little taste I've ever had
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00156-00039078-00039311 for lemon I have to say Cecil I would
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00157-00039312-00039424 love to read about the Further
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00158-00039425-00039611 Adventures of Lemo you know got to the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00159-00039612-00039755 end of the story and I thought I want to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00160-00039756-00039971 know like what did she do next so I
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00161-00039972-00040085 don't know I don't know that if that's
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00162-00040086-00040271 anywhere in your in your plans or your
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00163-00040272-00040439 imagination but
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00164-00040440-00040624 is for those of you who may not have
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00165-00040625-00040930 read the story it's um among many other
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00166-00040931-00041093 things it's also kind of a detective
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00167-00041094-00041218 story
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00168-00041219-00041561 and it's a it's a mystery I think is um
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00169-00041562-00041873 is is the word that uh some people uh
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00170-00041874-00042077 say I'll tell you how the story came
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00171-00042078-00042262 about because it's it's quite
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00172-00042263-00042551 interesting I we've got a group of uh
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00173-00042552-00042785 vincential writers because Saint Vincent
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00174-00042786-00042961 doesn't have a strong literary tradition
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00175-00042962-00043312 and uh a friend in Barbados at the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00176-00043313-00043552 University of the West Indies said why
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00177-00043553-00043937 don't we have uh a big push to get
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00178-00043938-00044195 vincentian writers let's let's knock
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00179-00044196-00044374 away Trinidad and Barbados and everybody
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00180-00044375-00044699 else all right let's have a push so I
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00181-00044700-00045083 sent the story I sent a story to um to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00182-00045084-00045340 my friends and they sent back a page
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00183-00045341-00045652 worth of criticisms I sent it to my
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00184-00045653-00046085 sister who lives in a SVG who always who
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00185-00046086-00046301 always sends back another page full full
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00186-00046302-00046540 scap of uh and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00187-00046541-00046858 some of the ideas you take on board some
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00188-00046859-00047129 you say no no no no no no and eventually
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00189-00047130-00047393 I came up with a story so it's a mystery
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00190-00047394-00047615 story but it's not um it's not really a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00191-00047616-00047849 surprise because I'd uh a slight plug
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00192-00047850-00048251 sorry I'd written a uh I'd written
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00193-00048252-00048580 Cassie p and this is a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00194-00048581-00048821 the Caribbean's first female private
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00195-00048822-00049115 investigator and so the idea then was to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00196-00049116-00049279 transplant if that's the right word
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00197-00049280-00049702 transplant Cassie P 200 years
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00198-00049703-00049961 um back to the Caribbean because it
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00199-00049962-00050212 gives her then a chance to to get to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00200-00050213-00050512 places that a normal person wouldn't so
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00201-00050513-00050812 she's she's got to she goes to a brothel
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00202-00050813-00050962 which obviously she wouldn't go to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00203-00050963-00051173 normally but it's a chance to explore
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00204-00051174-00051437 the the the island and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00205-00051438-00051670 places that you wouldn't normally go to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00206-00051671-00051982 wonderful so now let us you know if you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00207-00051983-00052126 imagine we're in the time machine we're
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00208-00052127-00052337 now going to jump 70 years into the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00209-00052338-00052594 future from 1958 and we're going to jump
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00210-00052595-00052757 across to Trinidad
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00211-00052758-00053087 um Amanda's novel Fortune is well as as
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00212-00053088-00053266 well as different audience in the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00213-00053267-00053392 audience all know and the other
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00214-00053394-00053561 Caribbean people in the audience also
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00215-00053562-00053885 know Trinidad and Tobago is an energy
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00216-00053886-00054130 economy right and the the oil industry
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00217-00054132-00054329 which has been the Mainstay of our
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00218-00054329-00054616 economy for a century now it started in
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00219-00054617-00054821 the early 20th century
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00220-00054822-00055000 um and there was a famous incident which
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00221-00055001-00055169 I'll let Amanda tell you about but a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00222-00055170-00055325 famous incident an accident a very
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00223-00055326-00055565 tragic accident that happened in 1928
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00224-00055566-00055859 and Amanda's novel is a fictionalized
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00225-00055860-00056182 version of that event but more
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00226-00056183-00056404 specifically what led up to it
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00227-00056405-00056573 um but I'll let her tell you I don't
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00228-00056574-00056699 want to give anything away right because
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00229-00056700-00056891 there's lots of lots of too many
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00230-00056891-00057094 possible spoilers to this novel so I'll
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00231-00057095-00057299 let Amanda tell you as much more as she
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00232-00057300-00057437 wants you to know and then we'll hear a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00233-00057438-00057587 bit from Fortune
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00234-00057588-00057809 okay can you hit is that okay is the mic
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00235-00057810-00058007 okay yeah
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00236-00058008-00058432 um so Fortune came from this real life
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00237-00058433-00058763 story which was happened in South
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00238-00058764-00059147 Trinidad 1928 when there was a lot of
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00239-00059148-00059332 activity a lot of
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00240-00059333-00059699 um people finding oil seeping up on the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00241-00059700-00059903 in the ground you know of their of their
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00242-00059904-00060226 fields Coco feels and Estates so it was
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00243-00060227-00060419 a very it was a very interesting time
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00244-00060420-00060592 because people were also sort of wary of
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00245-00060594-00060773 it too you know what what is this thing
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00246-00060774-00061042 what's it going to do and there was
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00247-00061044-00061187 there was some trepidation and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00248-00061188-00061582 excitement so I have used
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00249-00061583-00061823 um as a as the foundation of the story
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00250-00061824-00062104 The the actual Dome ex it was an
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00251-00062105-00062519 explosion that happened in 1928 when the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00252-00062520-00062794 the people who were um the corporate
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00253-00062795-00062987 around this particular spot there were
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00254-00062988-00063244 many corporations trying to get hold of
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00255-00063245-00063676 this land but in fact it was drilled by
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00256-00063677-00063911 um a kind of quite Cavalier
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00257-00063912-00064259 character who had had some experience in
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00258-00064260-00064535 drilling in America and came back to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00259-00064536-00064799 Trinidad and thought I'm gonna do this
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00260-00064800-00065038 on a low budget so they didn't have much
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00261-00065039-00065356 money he had a couple of investors and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00262-00065357-00065603 using this land that was
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00263-00065604-00065669 um
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00264-00065670-00065885 belonged to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00265-00065886-00066161 um an Indian man who'd you know he had
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00266-00066162-00066341 cocoa trees that were dying so it was
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00267-00066342-00066629 kind of in his interest to give it a go
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00268-00066630-00066965 but because they didn't
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00269-00066966-00067121 um everything I read Around It suggested
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00270-00067122-00067444 that their equipment was kind of old and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00271-00067445-00067613 they didn't want to keep putting money
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00272-00067614-00067906 into into making it into big you know
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00273-00067907-00068273 too much investment so they were a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00274-00068274-00068375 little bit
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00275-00068376-00068650 um a little bit careless towards the end
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00276-00068651-00068950 and then this accident happened where
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00277-00068951-00069203 many which many people witnessed so
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00278-00069204-00069473 people came from many like Port of Spain
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00279-00069474-00069749 and from San Fernando when they heard
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00280-00069750-00069923 this well was coming in it was the third
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00281-00069924-00070231 well of the wells that they drilled and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00282-00070232-00070493 what they didn't realize was that at the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00283-00070494-00070667 same time as the oil was coming out in
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00284-00070668-00071005 uncontrollable way there was also gas
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00285-00071006-00071405 and the trigger for the explosion was
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00286-00071406-00071687 the apparently the ignition of a car
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00287-00071688-00071975 so I use this as the foundation and read
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00288-00071976-00072179 Around read a great deal around it my
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00289-00072180-00072425 initial idea was to you know I went into
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00290-00072426-00072532 the archives and looked through
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00291-00072533-00072665 newspapers and I thought I'm going to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00292-00072666-00072899 write about this from 17 points of view
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00293-00072900-00073126 all the people who who died you know I
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00294-00073127-00073271 was going to write every one of their
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00295-00073272-00073487 stories that took them into this moment
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00296-00073488-00073709 in time where they lost their lives and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00297-00073710-00073882 in fact of course that's impossible to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00298-00073883-00074009 do that
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00299-00074010-00074243 um and I ran out of steam really quickly
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00300-00074244-00074513 but there were characters that were
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00301-00074514-00074705 emerging you know that I was more and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00302-00074706-00074885 more drawn to kept going back to them so
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00303-00074886-00075155 I started to discard some of the 17 and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00304-00075156-00075287 then I ended up with this sort of core
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00305-00075288-00075550 group of characters and one of which is
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00306-00075551-00075863 Eddie Who is the very Cavalier
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00307-00075864-00076079 um driller so
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00308-00076080-00076259 I sort of fell in love with Eddie he was
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00309-00076260-00076432 a bit of a Jimmy Dean character in my
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00310-00076433-00076859 head you know very capable gung-ho and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00311-00076860-00077159 um a little bit Reckless so I'm gonna
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00312-00077160-00077326 read to you from the moment when they
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00313-00077327-00077519 begin drilling on the land when they
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00314-00077520-00077806 have to clear the land it's a very very
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00315-00077807-00078011 difficult thing to do they had to bring
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00316-00078012-00078203 people in there was very limited
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00317-00078204-00078425 resources it took a long time to clear
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00318-00078426-00078743 this land so I'll begin by reading
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00319-00078744-00079079 from that point thank you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00320-00079080-00079397 it took 35 days to clear away the forest
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00321-00079398-00079715 on a north side of chatterjee's estate
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00322-00079716-00080015 the patch where Oil first came up and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00323-00080016-00080291 dribbled around the stick like a miracle
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00324-00080292-00080561 22 men and women came from from The
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00325-00080562-00080825 Villages around with axes and picks and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00326-00080826-00080938 saws
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00327-00080939-00081162 these people known as the tattoo gang
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00328-00081163-00081406 knew the forest and they hacked and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00329-00081407-00081617 chopped through hundreds of diseased
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00330-00081618-00081876 cocoa trees and the Immortals above them
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00331-00081877-00082175 Cedar Pine around them dragged away
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00332-00082176-00082391 their branches and the trunks of smaller
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00333-00082392-00082637 trees were lifted onto carts and pulled
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00334-00082638-00082799 away by Buffalo
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00335-00082800-00083021 women cut and tore at the undergrowth
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00336-00083022-00083249 curled and knotted and Tangled Bush
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00337-00083250-00083519 seething with bad jackance and Termite
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00338-00083520-00083753 nests big like heads stuck to the pale
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00339-00083754-00083891 Immortals
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00340-00083892-00084094 these Wilder Parts hadn't been touched
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00341-00084095-00084353 for some time Eddie Came Upon an
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00342-00084354-00084623 armadillo a howler monkey and a quank
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00343-00084624-00084862 unafraid the creature squatted on rocks
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00344-00084863-00085006 and stared at him
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00345-00085007-00085276 look Eddie said to the others we have
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00346-00085277-00085391 company
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00347-00085392-00085571 he clapped his hands and the Animals
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00348-00085572-00085732 scuttled away
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00349-00085733-00085973 tendrils hung like thick ropes Tangled
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00350-00085974-00086212 and knotted it often took days to clear
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00351-00086213-00086465 a few yards the workers were paid
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00352-00086466-00086644 according to the number of fell trees
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00353-00086645-00086812 and by the amount of Earth they'd
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00354-00086813-00086956 shifted
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00355-00086957-00087179 Eddie assured Tito
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00356-00087180-00087431 that's the investor although slower it
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00357-00087432-00087605 was cheaper than bulldozers and trucks
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00358-00087606-00087811 and he reminded him of his own words
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00359-00087812-00088067 we're here to make money not spend it
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00360-00088068-00088300 and they worked from first light they
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00361-00088301-00088517 stopped for lunch at 11 there was rice
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00362-00088518-00088781 and bread and beans and oranges and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00363-00088782-00088985 sometimes Sita made cake or cut up
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00364-00088986-00089153 fruits and They carried on until
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00365-00089154-00089297 Nightfall
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00366-00089298-00089549 the sun was a bully hot enough to make
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00367-00089550-00089693 you feel to die
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00368-00089694-00089938 the air thick with mosquitoes and sand
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00369-00089939-00090118 flies and then there were the Jack
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00370-00090119-00090365 Spaniards they caught in the hair of a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00371-00090366-00090611 young woman called Mercy flew inside the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00372-00090612-00090826 tiny caves of her ears and when she
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00373-00090827-00091000 opened her mouth to scream they dived
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00374-00091001-00091187 into her windpipe
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00375-00091188-00091397 Mercy was carried choking to the house
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00376-00091398-00091571 where ceter soaked her head with vinegar
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00377-00091572-00091817 and tipped allergies down her burning
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00378-00091818-00091925 throat
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00379-00091926-00092182 her body puffed up and went down there
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00380-00092183-00092549 were snakes Maca well Anaconda even
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00381-00092550-00092782 deadly mapapi but the men and women were
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00382-00092783-00093005 too quick for them
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00383-00093006-00093185 swipe of the Cutlass and their pointed
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00384-00093186-00093406 heads were off their livers extracted
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00385-00093407-00093635 spread onto the workers skins to Stave
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00386-00093636-00093899 off mosquitoes Eddie found himself a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00387-00093900-00094144 12-foot bow at the back of the outhouse
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00388-00094145-00094337 curled up in the shade like a small
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00389-00094338-00094432 child
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00390-00094433-00094667 he shot it first between the eyes and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00391-00094668-00094847 then decided to skin it without cutting
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00392-00094848-00095075 look he said holding up the model body
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00393-00095076-00095399 like taking us off a leg sock off a leg
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00394-00095400-00095585 and with this small with this peeling
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00395-00095586-00095782 and rolling came the birth of some ten
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00396-00095783-00095938 small snakes
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00397-00095939-00096161 small and thin as Bangles and half of
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00398-00096162-00096287 them dead
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00399-00096288-00096473 you ever see anything like that he said
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00400-00096474-00096655 tipping the babies into a bucket
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00401-00096656-00097043 delicious fried up light white bait
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00402-00097044-00097259 once the trees were gone they started to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00403-00097260-00097450 level out the incline and the men dug
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00404-00097451-00097637 hard into the dry Earth and the women
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00405-00097638-00097817 carried trays of this Earth on their
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00406-00097818-00097997 heads to the place where they would
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00407-00097998-00098194 build a dam where Eddie said they'd
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00408-00098195-00098332 which Eddie said they'd need for
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00409-00098333-00098579 overflow Chatterjee couldn't imagine an
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00410-00098580-00098747 overflow of any kind but Eddie told him
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00411-00098748-00098873 it would come
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00412-00098874-00099137 sure as I'm standing here make no bones
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00413-00099138-00099449 the oil is underneath me like a lake
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00414-00099450-00099731 Chatterjee admired Eddie's self-belief
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00415-00099732-00099965 it was something he had never had his
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00416-00099966-00100253 nature was cautious mistrustful but he
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00417-00100254-00100456 wanted to believe Eddie
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00418-00100457-00100657 thank you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00419-00100658-00101194 [Applause]
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00420-00101195-00101417 so the first thing I want to ask both of
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00421-00101418-00101615 you and Sasol maybe you hinted at this a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00422-00101616-00101723 little bit just now when you were
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00423-00101724-00101932 talking about what the character of Lemo
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00424-00101933-00102124 um you know writing about the past
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00425-00102125-00102388 is almost always driven by motivations
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00426-00102389-00102580 in the present right you look for a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00427-00102581-00102760 story from the past to tell it because
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00428-00102761-00102982 you think it's relevant to us now for
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00429-00102983-00103144 some reason there's some urgency about
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00430-00103145-00103325 this thing that you know it helps us
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00431-00103326-00103571 understand something about us now so
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00432-00103572-00103753 Cecil I mean you you spoke about
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00433-00103754-00104075 Imagining the character Cassie p and you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00434-00104076-00104284 know sending her back in time but what
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00435-00104285-00104489 was it about that particular moment that
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00436-00104490-00104723 particular time in in post-emancipation
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00437-00104724-00104878 it's in Vincent because one of the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00438-00104879-00104999 things that strikes me is you know
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00439-00105000-00105316 they're there are a fair number of books
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00440-00105317-00105478 now that are written during the period
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00441-00105479-00105749 of slavery in school we get taught a lot
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00442-00105750-00105899 about the you know the Emancipation
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00443-00105900-00106054 campaign you know all the things that
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00444-00106055-00106204 you know the various revolutions but
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00445-00106205-00106325 there's almost a kind of a sense in
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00446-00106326-00106504 which certainly when I was going to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00447-00106505-00106708 school like the story kind of stops
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00448-00106709-00106889 after emancipation and then it picks up
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00449-00106890-00107057 again with Independence and there's that
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00450-00107058-00107236 whole long period in between that we
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00451-00107238-00107381 don't actually know that much about when
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00452-00107382-00107578 there's lots of stuff going on I have no
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00453-00107579-00107716 idea what was happening in in Saint
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00454-00107717-00107963 Vincent between 1838 and you know the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00455-00107964-00108136 early 20th century so why that
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00456-00108138-00108407 particular moment and why do you think
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00457-00108408-00108640 um what did you want to tell readers now
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00458-00108641-00108766 about what was happening in Saint
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00459-00108767-00109013 Vincent then well I think the first
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00460-00109014-00109313 thing to to say is that people tend to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00461-00109314-00109428 lump
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00462-00109429-00109775 the enslaved people into one Mass they
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00463-00109776-00110110 see them as docile but I'm saying no
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00464-00110111-00110375 that's never been the case the people
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00465-00110376-00110723 always look for ways to subvert the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00466-00110724-00110819 system
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00467-00110820-00111154 and emancipation now gives them a voice
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00468-00111155-00111569 a stronger voice so the people suddenly
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00469-00111570-00111790 realize they have skills they were
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00470-00111791-00112084 midwives there are obviously people the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00471-00112085-00112247 domestic people there were Horsemen
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00472-00112248-00112433 there are Porters and they suddenly
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00473-00112433-00112810 recognize these skills the the people
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00474-00112811-00113128 who who make rum again are suddenly
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00475-00113129-00113416 saying to themselves the rum process is
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00476-00113417-00113752 a skill process to trans to to to take
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00477-00113753-00114101 caves and within a short space of time
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00478-00114102-00114527 you've got sugar molasses and um and rum
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00479-00114528-00114808 this we we have the skills and so now
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00480-00114809-00115157 they're bargaining more uh strongly with
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00481-00115158-00115427 the Planters some obviously withdraw
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00482-00115428-00115697 their labor they're using the provision
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00483-00115698-00115931 grounds to sell at the market and will
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00484-00115932-00116333 only trade and will only deal with a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00485-00116333-00116621 um the plantation owners during crop
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00486-00116622-00116795 time to get a stronger price and you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00487-00116796-00116975 know and you you mentioned that um you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00488-00116976-00117190 know that Lemma visits to brothel I mean
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00489-00117191-00117352 the brothel owner is an entrepreneur and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00490-00117353-00117502 apparently quite a successful one from
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00491-00117503-00117689 the way you describe her yes the the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00492-00117690-00117983 again people people say is this fiction
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00493-00117983-00118289 or is it true well there's there was a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00494-00118290-00118558 substantial colored population
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00495-00118559-00118727 um at that time and I'm sure they didn't
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00496-00118728-00118949 come at the the children didn't come
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00497-00118950-00119201 about by accident so yes the brothel the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00498-00119202-00119327 brothel
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00499-00119328-00119645 um idea isn't that far-fetched
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00500-00119646-00119843 and Amanda what was it about this story
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00501-00119844-00120047 that you felt needed to be told no
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00502-00120048-00120190 there's clearly I mean you in the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00503-00120191-00120352 passage that you just read you talk
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00504-00120353-00120533 about literally clearing the forest to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00505-00120533-00120713 drill the well so there's clearly a kind
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00506-00120714-00120827 of a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00507-00120828-00121001 um you know there's a kind of an
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00508-00121002-00121247 environmental like a Consciousness to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00509-00121248-00121397 this story because you're very clear on
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00510-00121398-00121565 what the cost was to the Natural
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00511-00121566-00121877 landscape of of drilling the wells
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00512-00121878-00122128 um what was that something that you felt
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00513-00122129-00122273 you wanted to bring across very very
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00514-00122274-00122495 clearly or what else what else was there
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00515-00122496-00122663 that you felt people now needed to know
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00516-00122664-00122884 about this moment in our history
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00517-00122885-00123149 you know I don't think that I start ever
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00518-00123150-00123365 started with the idea of I don't know
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00519-00123366-00123551 about you whether you know you start
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00520-00123552-00123701 with an idea of I want to put this
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00521-00123702-00123947 message out or you don't see the themes
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00522-00123948-00124078 of the thing that you're writing until
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00523-00124079-00124240 you've done it
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00524-00124241-00124445 um so I wasn't I really wasn't that
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00525-00124446-00124654 conscious about what it was that I was
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00526-00124655-00124883 wanting to say but I I was drawn to the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00527-00124883-00125015 story because
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00528-00125016-00125219 I felt like this was you know this was
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00529-00125220-00125465 people who were overreaching people who
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00530-00125466-00125681 wanted more they were dissatisfied they
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00531-00125682-00125849 were you know trying to better
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00532-00125850-00126047 themselves they were ambitious it was
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00533-00126048-00126310 about you know also quite greedy you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00534-00126311-00126431 know this
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00535-00126432-00126658 um just sort of Yearning For more and at
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00536-00126659-00126827 whatever cost you know they were they
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00537-00126828-00127001 were willing to go for it and there was
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00538-00127002-00127319 courage you know I I felt like that must
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00539-00127320-00127619 have taken some nerve some hutzpah to to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00540-00127620-00127810 do that you know to have that ambition
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00541-00127811-00128015 to have that goal and to to pull it they
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00542-00128016-00128249 pulled it off despite the difficulties
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00543-00128250-00128554 and they didn't have the support of the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00544-00128555-00128752 you know the big corporations they were
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00545-00128753-00128993 it was a very small crew and they were
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00546-00128994-00129233 it was their passion so and that their
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00547-00129233-00129460 passion blew up in their faces and I was
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00548-00129461-00129689 interested in that idea of you know what
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00549-00129690-00129869 led those people to be there that night
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00550-00129870-00130102 the people who came to witness the oil
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00551-00130103-00130390 you know there were so many strange
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00552-00130391-00130757 coincidences so even in my own family my
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00553-00130758-00131116 um my mum's partner his father was
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00554-00131117-00131416 affected by the by the by the explosion
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00555-00131417-00131657 in that you know people came to his
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00556-00131658-00131878 house that night and said come come and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00557-00131879-00132077 see the oil you know come and this thing
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00558-00132078-00132275 is happening so people piled into the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00559-00132276-00132502 car he went to get his jacket because it
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00560-00132503-00132893 was cold it was December and uh his arm
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00561-00132894-00133097 got stuck in his coat
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00562-00133098-00133343 so they left without him which meant he
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00563-00133344-00133537 had his life he wouldn't have lived
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00564-00133538-00133816 otherwise so I was interested in those
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00565-00133817-00133966 people that happened to be there those
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00566-00133967-00134128 my great grandfather should have been
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00567-00134129-00134495 there too he was an investor and he was
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00568-00134496-00134699 apparently somewhere else
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00569-00134700-00134921 and he couldn't get back in time but had
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00570-00134922-00135083 he got back in time he also would have
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00571-00135084-00135311 died so I was interested in this thing
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00572-00135312-00135502 of you know the sliding doors you know
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00573-00135503-00135773 of what makes us make those tiny
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00574-00135774-00135995 decisions on that day that allows us to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00575-00135996-00136252 still have another Another Day alive you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00576-00136253-00136481 know and and I so I was really
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00577-00136482-00136613 interested in that and then the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00578-00136614-00136757 Environmental
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00579-00136758-00136997 strand you know became apparent and more
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00580-00136998-00137171 so through the editing process with
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00581-00137172-00137363 Jeremy he was brilliant at really
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00582-00137364-00137597 getting me to pull that out so I added
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00583-00137598-00137897 more in there to kind of boost that you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00584-00137898-00138083 know and then I realized ah okay so this
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00585-00138084-00138245 is actually really quite relevant now
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00586-00138246-00138509 but I never started with that intention
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00587-00138510-00138640 I just wanted to write about an
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00588-00138641-00138928 explosion
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00589-00138929-00139127 and you talked about Amanda about you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00590-00139128-00139349 know doing research in the archive and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00591-00139350-00139559 you're talking the um I think it's the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00592-00139560-00139723 maybe the introduction or the the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00593-00139724-00140039 acknowledgments about you know talking
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00594-00140040-00140237 to local historians people like Angelo
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00595-00140238-00140404 Bicester saying Richard Britain and so
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00596-00140405-00140554 on but I mean one of the things that
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00597-00140555-00140740 struck me is um
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00598-00140741-00141023 you know the there's quite a technical
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00599-00141024-00141185 process getting the oil out to the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00600-00141186-00141323 ground and I think most of us who live
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00601-00141324-00141454 in Trinidad if we don't work in the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00602-00141455-00141664 industry just assume or the drill and it
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00603-00141665-00141778 comes out and you don't know much about
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00604-00141779-00141971 but you you go into quite a lot of
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00605-00141972-00142163 detail about and you know using fairly
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00606-00142164-00142313 primitive equipment and as you make it
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00607-00142314-00142463 clear it was not state of the art they
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00608-00142464-00142697 couldn't afford the best equipment but I
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00609-00142698-00142828 wonder how much research you had to do
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00610-00142829-00143009 into those technical aspects of it like
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00611-00143010-00143261 how in 1928 you would actually drill a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00612-00143262-00143452 well with what kind of equipment what
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00613-00143453-00143614 kind of bit what the Derrick would look
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00614-00143615-00143777 like because you can see all that very
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00615-00143778-00143987 clearly from the way you describe it and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00616-00143988-00144143 you know and there's a sense in which if
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00617-00144144-00144401 you didn't have that detail you wouldn't
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00618-00144402-00144616 when the explosion comes it doesn't make
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00619-00144617-00144749 as much sense because it might seem like
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00620-00144750-00144923 it came out of nowhere but you make it
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00621-00144924-00145114 you it's almost like a technical story
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00622-00145115-00145354 that builds into a plot Point how did
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00623-00145355-00145559 you thank you did you have to read a lot
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00624-00145560-00145804 of textbooks I mean it did I did and I
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00625-00145805-00146027 loved it I mean I do not have a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00626-00146028-00146219 scientific mind at all but I got really
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00627-00146220-00146513 into it so I had like on my wall I had a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00628-00146514-00146783 big sort of had a big board that I use
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00629-00146784-00147011 like a cheap Ikea frame and I fill it
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00630-00147012-00147227 with pictures but in those pictures were
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00631-00147228-00147539 you know real oil wells and drawings and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00632-00147540-00147845 Tiny details of things and I I read as
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00633-00147846-00148121 much as I could and watched as many
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00634-00148122-00148337 YouTube videos there's footage of like
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00635-00148338-00148666 1930s drilling so I tried to watch all
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00636-00148667-00148823 of this and read as much as I could and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00637-00148824-00149051 then forget it because I thought if I
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00638-00149052-00149237 get too bogged down in detail it's going
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00639-00149238-00149452 to be too dry well excuse the pun but
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00640-00149453-00149759 it's going to be too dull you know for
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00641-00149760-00149969 um for people to read so I I wanted it
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00642-00149970-00150125 to kind of some of it's probably not
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00643-00150126-00150401 accurate now but there was a particular
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00644-00150402-00150604 book that I read called Tales from the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00645-00150605-00150754 Derrick floor
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00646-00150755-00151025 which was um I mean I was I was booking
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00647-00151026-00151295 a ticket to go to this um Museum you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00648-00151296-00151649 know in in Texas to see a real like my
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00649-00151650-00151807 husband said to me what are you doing
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00650-00151808-00152027 that's really and I said yeah but I want
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00651-00152028-00152189 to go and smell it and really you know
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00652-00152190-00152339 and he said you don't need to do that
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00653-00152340-00152495 you know come on
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00654-00152496-00152735 um so that was that was part of that but
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00655-00152736-00152957 the tales of the Derrick floor was a it
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00656-00152958-00153233 was a recording of people's
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00657-00153234-00153299 um
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00658-00153300-00153628 you know stories uh that were sorry I
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00659-00153629-00153749 can't remember
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00660-00153750-00153983 um and then documented so the voices
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00661-00153984-00154109 were
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00662-00154110-00154423 really real and written in first person
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00663-00154424-00154678 and they were wonderful because they
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00664-00154679-00154871 talked about early days in Beaumont
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00665-00154872-00155231 Texas which was you know
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00666-00155232-00155428 you know people going out with divining
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00667-00155429-00155728 rods I mean people rammed into trains
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00668-00155729-00155981 you know carriages climbing on top of
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00669-00155982-00156178 each other trying to get to these places
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00670-00156179-00156293 where they thought they could make their
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00671-00156294-00156533 Fortune the passion you know the force
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00672-00156534-00156826 of this whole energy at that time so I
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00673-00156827-00157054 read all of those I love them got used
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00674-00157055-00157264 to the language and you aroused about
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00675-00157265-00157540 was you know and I I like those words so
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00676-00157541-00157763 I threw them all in and who knows if
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00677-00157764-00158014 it's accurate I hope there's no other I
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00678-00158015-00158152 know there are oil people here you can
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00679-00158153-00158471 probably want to shoot me sorry can you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00680-00158472-00158752 petroleum engineers in the audience you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00681-00158753-00158926 can buy the book at the bookstore
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00682-00158927-00159125 afterwards and you can give a technical
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00683-00159126-00159539 analysis so Amanda so forgive me Cecil
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00684-00159540-00159713 what kind of sauce material did you draw
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00685-00159714-00159887 on or was it mostly imagination and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00686-00159888-00160019 trying to create the world of sin
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00687-00160020-00160223 Vincent and not just because it's you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00688-00160224-00160414 know it's set in various parts of rurals
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00689-00160415-00160649 in Vincent it's set in in Kingston it
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00690-00160650-00160828 moves around quite a lot and I read it
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00691-00160829-00161045 and I thought well you know the the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00692-00161046-00161302 detail is not um it's not oppressively
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00693-00161303-00161476 detailed but there's just enough there
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00694-00161477-00161621 that I completely believed everything
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00695-00161622-00161849 about the landscape and the the urban
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00696-00161850-00162059 topography and so on that you describe
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00697-00162060-00162431 what did you have to draw on for that I
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00698-00162432-00162659 apart from you know growing up well a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00699-00162660-00162821 lot of it is imagination and I
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00700-00162822-00162983 presumably a lot of it is a lot of sin
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00701-00162984-00163271 Vincent has changed since 1858 yeah well
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00702-00163272-00163597 not that much we we
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00703-00163598-00163954 had a volcanic eruption last uh last
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00704-00163955-00164278 April and of course we had an eruption
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00705-00164279-00164687 in 1812 and Lemma in the book
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00706-00164688-00165095 actually her parents leave the estate
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00707-00165096-00165383 when she's young and they settle on the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00708-00165384-00165551 slopes of the volcano
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00709-00165552-00165814 and that shows you the the level of
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00710-00165815-00166037 Courage it takes because the volcano is
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00711-00166038-00166409 active it was painted by Turner after
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00712-00166410-00166739 the 1812 eruption so
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00713-00166740-00166997 the islands have always been in the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00714-00166998-00167183 British eye which is something the the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00715-00167184-00167399 politicians are trying to tell us now we
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00716-00167400-00167621 shouldn't do we shouldn't uh investigate
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00717-00167622-00167854 history because it leads to too many
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00718-00167855-00168125 things but
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00719-00168126-00168419 the islands have always been popular uh
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00720-00168420-00168647 there's a woman called Mrs Carmichael a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00721-00168648-00168857 Scottish woman who who visited Saint
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00722-00168858-00169240 Vincent in the 1820s there's a Bailey
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00723-00169241-00169504 who also visited in the same time as
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00724-00169505-00169895 well Thomas Carlisle visited the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00725-00169896-00170164 Reverend Sterling visited in 1835 to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00726-00170165-00170393 comment on the schools so there's always
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00727-00170394-00170669 been this traffic of course the material
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00728-00170670-00170945 they leave you is very well you have to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00729-00170946-00171190 take it for what it is the you know the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00730-00171191-00171545 descriptions of savages and and so on
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00731-00171546-00171964 you have to be able to to to take it and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00732-00171965-00172181 pick out the little nuggets pick out the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00733-00172182-00172390 little nuggets so all the research has
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00734-00172391-00172649 actually come from from the people who
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00735-00172650-00173111 visited some leave some pretty ghastly
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00736-00173112-00173363 tales and we don't have to go into how
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00737-00173364-00173621 deep depraved and thought it was but
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00738-00173622-00173807 within all this there were people who
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00739-00173808-00174011 are who are forging a life that's the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00740-00174012-00174119 thing there are people who are forging
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00741-00174120-00174347 life for themselves who are suddenly
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00742-00174348-00174581 deciding yes I can I can do something
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00743-00174582-00174737 here with my life and so that's what
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00744-00174738-00175037 lemon does she doesn't want to take the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00745-00175038-00175325 money that she's offered to find this
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00746-00175326-00175528 man called string but of course the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00747-00175529-00175847 money that she she's been offered could
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00748-00175848-00176069 build a house and she has that choice to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00749-00176070-00176699 make and so she makes it and so
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00750-00176700-00176885 there's a whole range of sources as I've
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00751-00176886-00177190 said mainly by these writers and what
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00752-00177191-00177340 you come what you come upon are some
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00753-00177341-00177659 real nuggets uh there's a magistrate
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00754-00177660-00177790 called Anderson because after
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00755-00177791-00178090 emancipation they're a magistrates sent
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00756-00178091-00178414 to from from England to to arbitrate
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00757-00178415-00178697 let's call it that and he tells some
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00758-00178698-00178864 really good nuggets there's there's one
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00759-00178865-00179093 for example he says
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00760-00179094-00179314 the the whites are always having the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00761-00179315-00179728 marooning parties and so the the colors
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00762-00179729-00180035 have the marooning parties a big cook up
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00763-00180036-00180178 if you like cook up and a drink up
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00764-00180179-00180502 basically they go somewhere a tent and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00765-00180503-00180616 eat and drink
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00766-00180617-00180916 and now the blacks are also having the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00767-00180917-00181121 the newly free people are having their
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00768-00181122-00181385 their parties as well and he tells a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00769-00181386-00181711 story he calls it um he calls the woman
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00770-00181712-00182051 disparagingly uh Miss Eve because she
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00771-00182052-00182393 comes up before him uh charged
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00772-00182394-00182749 there was a a ball and so the plantation
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00773-00182750-00183059 owner's Wife puts a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00774-00183060-00183311 puts out her lovely girl on the bed with
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00775-00183312-00183497 all her Jewels she's going to wear this
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00776-00183498-00183802 gown to their ball
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00777-00183803-00184223 Miss Eve spots the gown
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00778-00184224-00184421 it looks very good she's going to a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00779-00184422-00184625 party the same night I don't have to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00780-00184626-00184787 tell you what happens
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00781-00184788-00185159 she goes to the party dressed in in This
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00782-00185160-00185387 Woman's gown so when she comes up to to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00783-00185388-00185638 you know before the magistrate she says
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00784-00185639-00185813 she sees nothing wrong with it
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00785-00185814-00186028 you know she didn't steal the dress
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00786-00186029-00186359 somebody stole it and gave it to her and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00787-00186360-00186671 so the magistrate is always saying the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00788-00186672-00186851 spin that these people have you know
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00789-00186852-00187061 with words you know it's just amazing
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00790-00187062-00187338 that kind of liveliness that that
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00791-00187339-00187631 unwillingness to suspend reality really
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00792-00187632-00187888 but he didn't say what he actually did
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00793-00187889-00188045 to her but I'm saying there are so many
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00794-00188046-00188261 little nuggets that you find and it just
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00795-00188262-00188459 gives you an insight into what the life
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00796-00188460-00188728 of the of the people uh you know that
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00797-00188729-00188909 there were people suddenly after
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00798-00188910-00189238 emancipation as as the same Anderson
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00799-00189239-00189551 says uh you find that place just
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00800-00189552-00189731 accidentally fall to the floor and break
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00801-00189732-00190066 and the owners are always complaining uh
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00802-00190067-00190307 bottles of wine keep slipping away from
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00803-00190308-00190452 the sellers
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00804-00190453-00190709 half wine seems to be a popular thing
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00805-00190710-00191095 with a amongst the newly um free people
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00806-00191096-00191345 uh half bottles of wine suddenly
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00807-00191346-00191723 evaporate you know and so so there were
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00808-00191724-00192059 people finding their voice literally and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00809-00192060-00192347 um and saying yes we are going to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00810-00192348-00192652 control Our Lives as much as as we can
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00811-00192653-00193007 so so the sources are there but as I you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00812-00193008-00193181 know as I've indicated and and you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00813-00193182-00193445 obviously know the some of the language
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00814-00193446-00193678 is really quite um
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00815-00193679-00193973 you know difficult to to to to penetrate
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00816-00193974-00194411 but yes I'm I'm looking for instances
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00817-00194412-00194735 and I'm seeing people who who are not
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00818-00194736-00194897 the docile
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00819-00194898-00195107 um and subservient crew but people who
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00820-00195108-00195364 have their little subversions you know I
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00821-00195365-00195625 I just like it you know the the the the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00822-00195626-00195935 this is what Anderson says he says
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00823-00195936-00196121 they're gonna have to send for
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00824-00196122-00196361 for English
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00825-00196362-00196661 um servants because the quality of the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00826-00196662-00196859 servants they're getting has gone down
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00827-00196860-00197081 so much they're going to have to get uh
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00828-00197082-00197326 English servants because these people
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00829-00197327-00197578 are talking back now to yeah they're
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00830-00197579-00197909 talking back if you if you ring they
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00831-00197910-00198221 take half an hour to come you know so so
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00832-00198222-00198611 so I I like I I find it fascinating what
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00833-00198612-00198766 I like about that Cecil is I feel that
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00834-00198767-00199049 that magic strip without realizing it
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00835-00199050-00199247 was uh was an early literary critic
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00836-00199248-00199414 because he kind of put it he kind of put
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00837-00199415-00199564 his finger on something about Caribbean
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00838-00199565-00199750 literature right these people invent
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00839-00199751-00200002 these stories and they talk back I mean
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00840-00200003-00200183 you know you could go back and say he
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00841-00200184-00200435 was you know unknown to himself was an
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00842-00200436-00200585 important early critic of Caribbean
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00843-00200586-00200783 writing Caribbean storytelling what do
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00844-00200784-00200866 you think
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00845-00200867-00201154 we've always been great um storytellers
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00846-00201155-00201466 that's uh we we have our calypsonians
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00847-00201467-00201766 are incredible um storytellers that's
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00848-00201767-00202019 that's where my interest first I'm of an
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00849-00202020-00202247 age where we didn't do Caribbean
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00850-00202248-00202457 literature at school when I was at
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00851-00202458-00202685 school though uh we we were doing the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00852-00202686-00203081 prison of Zender by Anthony hope
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00853-00203082-00203387 why on Earth would you want to teach and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00854-00203388-00203549 this was the most prestigious school on
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00855-00203550-00203687 the island this was the Saint Vincent
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00856-00203688-00203825 grammar school
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00857-00203826-00204028 um to which I'd won a scholarship why on
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00858-00204029-00204209 Earth are we doing the prisoners for
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00859-00204210-00204419 these Ender but I wanna I see something
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00860-00204420-00204671 you mentioned Miss Eve who who borrowed
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00861-00204672-00204808 you know who didn't borrow someone
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00862-00204809-00205055 borrowed the evening gown for her on her
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00863-00205056-00205175 behalf
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00864-00205176-00205348 um did she turn into the character of
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00865-00205350-00205594 Eva in in your story no no that was just
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00866-00205596-00205781 a coincidence but but this is what I'm
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00867-00205782-00206027 saying um somewhere along the line I'm
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00868-00206028-00206242 going to have to explore
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00869-00206244-00206590 um a little leave and there's also
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00870-00206591-00206855 there's also a woman called Ann Krieg
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00871-00206856-00207407 who this would be 80 18 1830s
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00872-00207408-00207796 who applies to the magistrate to to open
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00873-00207798-00208048 a rum shop basically because the holiday
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00874-00208050-00208288 season is approaching and she feels she
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00875-00208289-00208482 can sell a shift quite a bit of liquor
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00876-00208483-00208810 and she she writes In This Very
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00877-00208811-00209086 what's the what's the word this florid
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00878-00209087-00209429 language I mean florid and with spelling
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00879-00209430-00209638 misspellings Galore and so the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00880-00209639-00209801 magistrates think you know holds it up
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00881-00209802-00210058 as an example of how how uppity these
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00882-00210059-00210269 people are when they have nothing to be
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00883-00210269-00210496 oppity about and of course his spelling
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00884-00210498-00210737 throughout the blooming book
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00885-00210738-00210941 you know it's like every page there's
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00886-00210942-00211187 five volts he spells believe wrong he
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00887-00211188-00211475 spells receive wrong and yet he's you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00888-00211476-00211792 know castigating this um and Craig and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00889-00211794-00211973 so once more there's a character that
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00890-00211973-00212158 works that's worth investigating so the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00891-00212159-00212387 more the more you you you do the more
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00892-00212388-00212560 your imagination things for that let's
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00893-00212561-00212884 let's put some flesh to this woman and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00894-00212885-00213089 um 150 years later she might have been a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00895-00213090-00213371 novelist right
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00896-00213371-00213563 you say something there's Cecil that
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00897-00213564-00213773 that interests me um you talk about you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00898-00213773-00213994 know these you know the the historical
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00899-00213996-00214163 accounts we have for the most part were
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00900-00214164-00214325 written from let's say from above
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00901-00214326-00214487 they're written by Colonial officials
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00902-00214488-00214613 they're written by judges and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00903-00214614-00214834 magistrates they're written by Travelers
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00904-00214835-00215021 you know British Travelers you know
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00905-00215021-00215153 visiting the islands and writing their
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00906-00215154-00215356 travel reports back home
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00907-00215357-00215603 um and it's just a fact that for most of
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00908-00215604-00215753 Caribbean history
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00909-00215754-00215879 certainly you know kind of
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00910-00215880-00216046 pre-independence history that they're
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00911-00216048-00216358 the voices of most people are just lost
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00912-00216359-00216527 um and not lost as an accident of
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00913-00216528-00216725 history in some cases deliberately
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00914-00216726-00216887 suppressed you know they you know
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00915-00216888-00217132 records when you know it starts from you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00916-00217133-00217342 know withholding education so that
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00917-00217344-00217487 people can't write their own stories
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00918-00217488-00217703 down um so of course we do have oral
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00919-00217704-00217937 Traditions we've got our aspects of
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00920-00217938-00218075 history that come through you know
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00921-00218076-00218339 through folklore through storytelling
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00922-00218340-00218621 um but for the most of the last 500
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00923-00218621-00218794 years the majority of voices of
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00924-00218796-00218944 Caribbean people whether they're the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00925-00218946-00219065 indigenous people who were there
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00926-00219066-00219281 originally whether there were the people
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00927-00219282-00219437 brought from West Africa under
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00928-00219438-00219617 Plantation slavery whether they were
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00929-00219617-00219767 indention immigrants from India from
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00930-00219767-00220031 anywhere else those stories
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00931-00220032-00220331 um they we know they exist and there are
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00932-00220332-00220475 accounts of them written by other people
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00933-00220476-00220642 but for the most part we don't have
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00934-00220644-00220834 their own stories of themselves and I
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00935-00220835-00221008 mean those lost voices
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00936-00221009-00221177 a really fascinating thing I'll just say
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00937-00221178-00221381 that you know it's this is as as you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00938-00221382-00221519 know man you've been always the 60th
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00939-00221519-00221741 anniversary of Independence uh for
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00940-00221742-00221921 Trinidad and Tobago and also for Jamaica
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00941-00221921-00222244 and one of the um the programs we did
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00942-00222246-00222394 back at home that Booker stood back at
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00943-00222396-00222581 home was we commissioned six writers in
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00944-00222582-00222881 Trinidad and Tobago to uh we gave the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00945-00222882-00223108 assign each of them a character that was
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00946-00223109-00223319 someone we knew existed you know at some
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00947-00223319-00223391 point
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00948-00223392-00223565 um in our history one of them going back
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00949-00223566-00223763 5 000 years
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00950-00223764-00224110 um known individuals who are documented
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00951-00224111-00224315 in history but whose voices are
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00952-00224316-00224489 completely their stories were unrecorded
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00953-00224490-00224723 and you know in a case like that what
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00954-00224723-00224903 you have to draw on is Imagination to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00955-00224904-00225125 bring those voices to life so what I
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00956-00225126-00225263 wanted to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00957-00225264-00225581 um to want to ask you Amanda
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00958-00225582-00225706 um you know obviously the closer you get
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00959-00225707-00225863 to the president the more records there
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00960-00225864-00226091 are and the greater the chance that you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00961-00226092-00226271 can actually if not talk to someone who
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00962-00226271-00226396 is there but then maybe talk to their
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00963-00226398-00226541 child or their grandchild and so it
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00964-00226542-00226775 becomes easier at that point but even in
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00965-00226776-00227056 the 1920s um there are some voices that
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00966-00227057-00227267 were more carefully recorded than others
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00967-00227267-00227477 right and that doesn't just have to do
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00968-00227478-00227675 with things like like class or education
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00969-00227676-00227825 or ethnicity it also has to do with
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00970-00227826-00227951 gender
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00971-00227952-00228142 um so one of the the main characters of
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00972-00228144-00228317 your story is the the wife of the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00973-00228317-00228532 investor that you mentioned
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00974-00228533-00228923 um and um so I wonder like what what
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00975-00228923-00229144 were the voices in your story and had
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00976-00229146-00229306 you gone to the original roots of like
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00977-00229307-00229456 telling the story from 17 different
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00978-00229457-00229648 perspectives what did you feel were the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00979-00229650-00229846 voices or the perspectives that were
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00980-00229848-00230291 hardest for you to uh to to to find you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00981-00230292-00230446 know written sources for where you had
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00982-00230448-00230921 most had to depend on your imagination
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00983-00230921-00231179 I think it's a long process you know and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00984-00231180-00231394 I I found it difficult I find it
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00985-00231396-00231569 difficult to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00986-00231569-00231653 um
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00987-00231654-00231923 accurately you know jump into somebody's
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00988-00231923-00232103 head and have them speak it's but the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00989-00232104-00232277 more you get to know your characters the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00990-00232278-00232456 more they're you know the more their
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00991-00232457-00232637 voice is available to you I think I mean
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00992-00232638-00232829 without sounding too mysterious about it
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00993-00232830-00233098 but I think with Ada who's the female
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00994-00233100-00233273 character I found her quite easy to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00995-00233273-00233542 access because she felt I could relate
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00996-00233544-00233753 to her in many ways so I could jump into
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00997-00233754-00233951 her quite easily
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00998-00233952-00234292 um and I think the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-00999-00234294-00234641 um the Portuguese investor Tito again he
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01000-00234642-00234851 was very familiar to me so I drew on
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01001-00234852-00235127 things that I knew about my my family
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01002-00235128-00235408 and my uncle who's a very very tito-like
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01003-00235409-00235613 character you know with the big tummy
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01004-00235614-00235817 and and he actually did eat his own
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01005-00235817-00235996 wedding cake when he was jilted at the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01006-00235998-00236092 altar
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01007-00236094-00236308 over a period of year while drinking
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01008-00236309-00236477 coffee in the afternoon he just cut a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01009-00236478-00236729 slice each day and he ate his cake now
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01010-00236730-00236951 he's he is Tito really
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01011-00236952-00237269 um so so I used I did draw on that on
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01012-00237269-00237448 people that I knew quite a lot the the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01013-00237450-00237760 difficult characters were Chatterjee
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01014-00237761-00238042 um who I who I was very fond of but I
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01015-00238044-00238205 was nervous of getting him right you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01016-00238206-00238444 know because it who am I to know you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01017-00238446-00238565 know exactly how he would have thought
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01018-00238566-00238829 or without being too cliched or so it
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01019-00238830-00239056 took a long time to get those to get
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01020-00239057-00239248 those and I hope I got them right I was
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01021-00239250-00239519 I was sensitive around dialect and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01022-00239519-00239681 although I think I have a good ear for
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01023-00239682-00239903 that it was still I had to really check
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01024-00239904-00240125 and double check I didn't want to be you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01025-00240126-00240287 know kind of brutal and just go in with
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01026-00240288-00240581 my you know imagined uh voice of of his
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01027-00240582-00240689 so
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01028-00240690-00240910 so they did feel they did feel
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01029-00240911-00241127 reasonably contemporary so that and the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01030-00241128-00241306 things they were struggling with I I
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01031-00241307-00241517 could I could access them but so she was
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01032-00241517-00241708 probably the easiest but it it's not
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01033-00241709-00241913 it's a tough thing to do to get it right
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01034-00241914-00242044 I think
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01035-00242046-00242321 um but hopefully hopefully it works
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01036-00242321-00242482 and Cecil you mentioned you know talking
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01037-00242483-00242663 about the magistrates reports and these
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01038-00242664-00242927 extraordinary characters who emerged you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01039-00242928-00243082 know almost despite the magistrates
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01040-00243083-00243275 efforts I mean I'm sure he wasn't
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01041-00243276-00243425 thinking that you know all this time
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01042-00243426-00243575 later that people would be looking at
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01043-00243576-00243689 those and saying yeah yeah she's
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01044-00243690-00243910 interesting she's the one I want to what
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01045-00243911-00244217 what are some of the are there any other
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01046-00244217-00244432 thinking back over you know the history
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01047-00244433-00244582 of Saint Vincent the things you're
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01048-00244583-00244805 interested in writing about who are some
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01049-00244806-00244991 of the other let's call them lost voices
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01050-00244992-00245134 that you would love to either write
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01051-00245135-00245344 about or read more about what are the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01052-00245346-00245531 parts of the parts of Simmons and that
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01053-00245532-00245639 you would like to see more fiction
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01054-00245640-00245753 written about
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01055-00245754-00246041 there's probably two two main things and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01056-00246042-00246558 they're interlinked in 1675 or 1712 or
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01057-00246559-00246881 1734 the date hasn't been agreed on but
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01058-00246882-00247271 it's probably 1675. uh a ship carrying
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01059-00247271-00247534 slaves capsized just I don't know if
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01060-00247535-00247727 anybody knows in Vincent capsized off
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01061-00247728-00248032 back way which is nine miles away from
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01062-00248033-00248392 um from Saint Vincent and the the people
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01063-00248394-00248675 swam to beckway and were then
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01064-00248676-00248915 transported back from Bakery onto the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01065-00248916-00249005 mainland
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01066-00249006-00249467 and then married the yeah married the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01067-00249467-00249684 yellow Caribs as they were called then
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01068-00249685-00250127 and then we had the black carriers now
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01069-00250128-00250505 if that's not a fascinating story 1675
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01070-00250506-00250829 swimming there coming back
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01071-00250830-00251039 um you know it's it's a big motion
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01072-00251040-00251184 picture is
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01073-00251185-00251356 isn't it
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01074-00251357-00251615 uh this led to what we call the black
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01075-00251616-00251969 Caribs and the black carobs were
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01076-00251969-00252342 actually at war with the British from
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01077-00252344-00252773 1719 when the British Center a tentative
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01078-00252773-00252982 exploration
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01079-00252983-00253246 on the island and you know they were
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01080-00253248-00253439 they were told don't come back full stop
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01081-00253440-00253708 otherwise uh you will suffer the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01082-00253709-00253846 consequences
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01083-00253848-00254146 so the black carobs had the chief is
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01084-00254148-00254513 called chateaway chief chateaway and he
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01085-00254514-00254819 he was the commander there were various
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01086-00254819-00254939 of the Chiefs but he was the the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01087-00254940-00255298 commander and he fought and fought and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01088-00255300-00255617 fought and eventually in 1795 he was
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01089-00255617-00256081 killed by five British soldiers again
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01090-00256082-00256360 the the history books tell us that he
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01091-00256361-00256642 was killed by Major leads from Scotland
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01092-00256644-00256960 uh and we now know that's pretty
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01093-00256961-00257219 unlikely they said he challenged a major
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01094-00257219-00257560 to a jewel at midnight
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01095-00257561-00257825 now you have to go back to the Caribbean
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01096-00257826-00258115 even now where there's electricity
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01097-00258116-00258479 at midnight who who stops a battle A
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01098-00258480-00258677 Rage in battle and he says let's fight a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01099-00258678-00258760 jewel
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01100-00258761-00258971 you know and and that's the stuff they
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01101-00258971-00259187 were trying to spin on us and there's a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01102-00259188-00259384 there's a plaque in the church to Major
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01103-00259385-00259679 leads for for for you know being the one
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01104-00259680-00259984 to to destroy shadowy so Chateau is our
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01105-00259985-00260194 main Chief but that night that broke the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01106-00260196-00260555 Caribs completely once he died
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01107-00260556-00260777 um the whole Spirit seems to to to to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01108-00260778-00261005 have gone out of the Caribs and they
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01109-00261006-00261275 were then deported to um Central America
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01110-00261276-00261496 where they became the garafuna the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01111-00261498-00261784 garafuna people yeah yeah and so
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01112-00261785-00262025 everything about it is fascinating there
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01113-00262026-00262373 is just so much there The Carriage Chief
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01114-00262374-00262589 um this shipwreck
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01115-00262590-00262721 it's
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01116-00262722-00262913 it's you know I'm surprised other people
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01117-00262914-00263134 didn't want to delve into this and and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01118-00263135-00263356 and just you know give us a fuller
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01119-00263357-00263687 picture because obviously we we have an
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01120-00263688-00263903 idea but we really need the researchers
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01121-00263904-00264065 and the fiction I think fiction is
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01122-00264066-00264341 sometimes more powerful than the natural
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01123-00264342-00264556 history book itself mind you a lot of
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01124-00264557-00264760 what what comes as history books is
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01125-00264761-00264995 fiction anyway the stuff that um you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01126-00264996-00265219 know Carlisle and um and the restaurant
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01127-00265220-00265619 uh Anthony fruit is you know when fruit
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01128-00265620-00265810 says for example
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01129-00265811-00266058 um we'll you know Old Saint will before
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01130-00266059-00266345 you know you set us free it's
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01131-00266346-00266573 foolishness you know it's it's not
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01132-00266574-00266927 history so so you have to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01133-00266928-00267160 and well Eric Williams said the same
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01134-00267161-00267323 thing he said he found what he was
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01135-00267324-00267545 writing when he was researching he found
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01136-00267546-00267755 fiction to be more
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01137-00267756-00268025 um to give a better picture than the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01138-00268026-00268234 history books but we want we want all
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01139-00268235-00268427 these fictions we want all those um
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01140-00268428-00268660 indigenous voices to come back the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01141-00268661-00268906 current voices the Rox and everybody
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01142-00268907-00269110 else yeah we want them back same thing
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01143-00269111-00269279 you see that that reminds me that um
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01144-00269280-00269525 Lloyd best you know the Trinidadian
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01145-00269526-00269723 Economist political philosopher he
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01146-00269724-00269830 always used to say if you want to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01147-00269831-00270023 understand you know the Contemporary
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01148-00270024-00270215 Caribbean and the moment around
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01149-00270216-00270395 Independence and forced Independence
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01150-00270396-00270653 like don't go to the sociologists don't
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01151-00270654-00270875 go to The Economist go go and read read
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01152-00270876-00271030 the novelists right that they were the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01153-00271031-00271145 ones who could actually tell you what
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01154-00271146-00271367 was going on yeah yeah Amanda I don't
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01155-00271368-00271547 know where you are in the process of
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01156-00271548-00271769 imagining your next
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01157-00271770-00272008 fictional work but I wonder if um
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01158-00272009-00272339 likewise if there is a moment in in
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01159-00272340-00272482 history a particular historical
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01160-00272483-00272723 character something that you have an
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01161-00272724-00272873 interest in that you think you might one
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01162-00272874-00273125 day want to explore what what is you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01163-00273126-00273425 know you your first book was set also
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01164-00273426-00273658 well not that far back in the 1950s but
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01165-00273659-00273839 still you know outside of your own lived
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01166-00273840-00274037 experience uh your second one is more
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01167-00274038-00274223 contemporary do you has this given you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01168-00274224-00274421 an appetite for kind of delving into the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01169-00274422-00274630 archives you know going further back
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01170-00274631-00275008 into history or no no
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01171-00275009-00275405 God sweet answer I don't think so not I
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01172-00275406-00275555 mean the next thing that I'm doing is a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01173-00275556-00275758 contemporary thing and that's quite
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01174-00275759-00275945 liberating you know to not have to worry
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01175-00275946-00276269 about too much research and I feel like
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01176-00276270-00276443 the taking a heavy coat off you know in
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01177-00276444-00276713 the sun it's like a bit liberated by
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01178-00276714-00276965 that so for the moment but you know
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01179-00276966-00277289 these things crop up so the the stories
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01180-00277290-00277415 come knocking at the back of your head
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01181-00277416-00277655 and it may come again but hopefully not
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01182-00277656-00277984 for a while okay I mean there are many
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01183-00277985-00278105 more things I could ask these two
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01184-00278106-00278297 writers but given that we've got about
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01185-00278298-00278573 10 minutes left I wondered if by chance
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01186-00278574-00278753 there's anyone in the audience who would
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01187-00278754-00278956 like to ask something of one of the two
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01188-00278957-00279065 writers
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01189-00279066-00279406 the now is a chance there is in fact a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01190-00279407-00279623 microphone which will magically appear
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01191-00279624-00279803 thanks to the sound crew should you want
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01192-00279804-00280139 to ask us anything any any takers any
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01193-00280140-00280313 questions anyone we've got one right
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01194-00280314-00280534 there in front
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01195-00280535-00280853 Martino
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01196-00280854-00281675 in your Stokely Carmichael shoot
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01197-00281676-00281908 thank you thank you so much and what a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01198-00281909-00282191 joy to listen to you all today
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01199-00282192-00282419 um it's really a comment to add to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01200-00282420-00282653 Amanda's story
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01201-00282654-00282803 um because we've grown up this is my
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01202-00282804-00283019 sister Naomi and we've grown up with uh
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01203-00283020-00283223 that story as part of our Lives because
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01204-00283224-00283649 our Auntie Dilly was the daughter of
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01205-00283650-00283960 that family and she was boarding at
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01206-00283961-00284303 Bishop ansti High School in the 1920s
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01207-00284304-00284632 because at that point they had to have
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01208-00284633-00284980 boarding facilities for girls who
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01209-00284981-00285160 couldn't you know who didn't have
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01210-00285161-00285353 families living near town and obviously
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01211-00285354-00285527 you're not going to catch a maxi taxi in
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01212-00285528-00285695 those days
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01213-00285696-00286175 um and so Auntie Dilly was boarding and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01214-00286176-00286510 Madam who was what they called the pro
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01215-00286511-00286741 the principal at Bishops in those days
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01216-00286742-00287080 Madam refused to give her permission to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01217-00287081-00287260 join her family to celebrate this
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01218-00287261-00287423 discovery of oil
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01219-00287424-00287777 so she was a child and overnight she was
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01220-00287778-00288077 an orphan and an heiress and she was at
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01221-00288078-00288353 yeah she was at um Bishop ansti so I
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01222-00288354-00288515 just wanted to add that yes and I did
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01223-00288516-00288779 hear when I was talking to Marlene you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01224-00288780-00289103 know this is yeah Marlene exactly yeah
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01225-00289104-00289360 so my so Marl the students might anyway
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01226-00289361-00289571 we're related so yeah yeah yeah yeah
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01227-00289572-00289906 yeah the Irish connection yeah yeah so
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01228-00289907-00290243 um Marlene said that she was she had had
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01229-00290244-00290560 a premonition also of the event so she
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01230-00290561-00290734 she was very upset and they couldn't
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01231-00290735-00290975 understand why and she was sensing
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01232-00290976-00291155 something had happened that her her
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01233-00291156-00291323 sister and her mother and her father
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01234-00291324-00291605 were dead yeah so absolutely and that's
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01235-00291606-00291787 down to Madame
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01236-00291788-00291989 Madame or I don't know oh my goodness
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01237-00291990-00292253 yeah that's what you know strict School
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01238-00292254-00292408 teachers that's the value of them
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01239-00292409-00292691 sometimes anyone else would like to ask
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01240-00292692-00293039 oh we've got one right behind there
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01241-00293040-00293308 uh thank you for your talk
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01242-00293309-00293525 um I'm studying history and English
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01243-00293526-00293819 literature at Uni right now and so and I
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01244-00293820-00294023 really like historical fiction as like a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01245-00294024-00294371 tool for Education oh I'm sorry uh yeah
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01246-00294372-00294605 um so I was wondering especially based
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01247-00294606-00294815 on what you said about how a lot of
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01248-00294816-00295103 history is actually fiction right now to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01249-00295104-00295325 what extent not in like the most
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01250-00295326-00295558 technical sense but to what extent do
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01251-00295559-00295951 you view yourselves as historians
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01252-00295952-00296387 I I don't call myself a historian at all
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01253-00296388-00296777 um in fact I'm my my work for
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01254-00296778-00296993 quite a few years I'm a lecturer in
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01255-00296994-00297143 maths
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01256-00297144-00297443 um who's who's now turned his hand to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01257-00297444-00297839 writing so so I so he I wouldn't call
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01258-00297840-00298043 myself a historian I read for my own
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01259-00298044-00298373 pleasure but uh when I go to Saint
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01260-00298374-00298558 Vincent what one of the things I always
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01261-00298559-00299032 did was I would consult a the most
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01262-00299033-00299291 prominent historian Dr Adams and he
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01263-00299292-00299530 would sit and teach me history for for
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01264-00299531-00299825 two hours you know well talk history but
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01265-00299826-00300089 he saw it as teaching and he was and I
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01266-00300090-00300329 would say I'm only here on holiday
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01267-00300330-00300515 um I've got to go and he said no sit
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01268-00300516-00300706 down bro I've got just one more thing
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01269-00300707-00300953 and then two hours later so yes I'd like
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01270-00300954-00301132 to discuss history but I would never
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01271-00301133-00301415 dream of calling myself a historian
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01272-00301416-00301606 known however if you want an equation
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01273-00301607-00301777 solved today
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01274-00301778-00302117 as your man
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01275-00302118-00302410 again definitely not a historian so
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01276-00302411-00302723 novelist I'll take novelist
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01277-00302724-00303095 good question yes indeed any maybe one
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01278-00303096-00303299 last question oh here we write in front
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01279-00303300-00303958 here yay
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01280-00303959-00304187 hi I I'm gonna cheat with two questions
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01281-00304188-00304432 if that's all right Nicholas uh so I was
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01282-00304433-00304547 just wondering
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01283-00304548-00304823 um one Amanda you said that the stories
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01284-00304824-00305008 can come not knocking at the back of
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01285-00305009-00305339 your head what takes a story from the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01286-00305340-00305567 back to the front to something that
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01287-00305568-00305795 you're that's niggling away to something
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01288-00305796-00306053 that is actually going to be worked on
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01289-00306054-00306293 and then the second question really has
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01290-00306294-00306460 to do with audience and it's for both of
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01291-00306461-00306737 you do you consider the audience at all
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01292-00306738-00306923 when you're writing who you're writing
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01293-00306924-00307091 for
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01294-00307092-00307529 um is audience a consideration at all
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01295-00307530-00307769 okay so the yeah the first question a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01296-00307770-00307925 good question
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01297-00307926-00308110 um I think
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01298-00308111-00308195 um
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01299-00308196-00308495 an idea has to keep knocking so the knot
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01300-00308496-00308615 gets louder
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01301-00308616-00308927 and with with my first novel BlackRock I
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01302-00308928-00309095 I'd only written short stories I only
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01303-00309096-00309263 wanted to ever write short stories and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01304-00309264-00309425 it was it was my agent who said you've
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01305-00309426-00309587 got to write a novel or you you're dead
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01306-00309588-00309821 basically and I said I'm not writing a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01307-00309822-00310079 novel I'm not a novelist and I sulked
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01308-00310080-00310319 you know for a long time and then this
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01309-00310320-00310487 knock at the back of my head and then I
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01310-00310488-00310697 I as I started to explore it a bit it
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01311-00310698-00310925 became I found it was you know there was
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01312-00310926-00311063 a lot there I found myself thinking
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01313-00311064-00311249 about it a lot so once it starts to do
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01314-00311250-00311554 that and actually it was the um father
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01315-00311555-00311921 devotize essay in the eight East Indian
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01316-00311922-00312191 immigrants book that he wrote about the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01317-00312192-00312334 dome in a way that was like a treatment
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01318-00312335-00312532 for a film I don't know if you've ever
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01319-00312533-00312737 read that essay but it is so beautifully
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01320-00312738-00312923 written and it was my mother who'd given
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01321-00312924-00313054 it to me and she said you need to read
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01322-00313055-00313217 this and I read it and I remember the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01323-00313218-00313360 moment I read it
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01324-00313361-00313606 in her porch in valsane you know just as
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01325-00313607-00313799 I was about to catch my flight and I
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01326-00313800-00314104 said oh I'm gonna do this
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01327-00314105-00314375 and that was that sorry I didn't say
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01328-00314376-00314508 that
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01329-00314509-00314819 so that's that's what um and and I'll
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01330-00314820-00315058 just answer quickly the other bit um I I
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01331-00315059-00315358 unfortunately I have not been that
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01332-00315359-00315604 conscious of the reader I think I I
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01333-00315605-00315797 think about the story and I don't think
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01334-00315798-00315934 and that means I don't think about
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01335-00315935-00316217 markets as well and you know I think the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01336-00316218-00316360 next thing that I'm writing I am
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01337-00316361-00316565 thinking more about who might pick it up
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01338-00316566-00316787 in a bookstore because I never think of
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01339-00316788-00317123 sales business markets and you know
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01340-00317124-00317458 that's that has tripped me up so but I
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01341-00317459-00317680 am definitely more aware now so I feel
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01342-00317681-00317854 like Lemma was knock knock knocking on
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01343-00317855-00318065 your imagination yeah well I'm going to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01344-00318066-00318358 answer the question yes and no
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01345-00318359-00318497 um
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01346-00318498-00318865 uh yes in the sense that um if you write
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01347-00318866-00319253 totally in Caribbean of invention it's
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01348-00319254-00319525 inaccessible to quite a lot of people
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01349-00319526-00319847 so therefore you you have a kind of
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01350-00319848-00320051 halfway house not always doesn't always
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01351-00320052-00320387 work uh so yes you have to consider the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01352-00320388-00320795 audience uh the reading audience uh on
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01353-00320796-00320963 the other hand you have to be true to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01354-00320964-00321317 the story for example if if Lemma were
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01355-00321318-00321527 written totally in standarding let's
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01356-00321528-00321725 call Standard English it wouldn't have
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01357-00321726-00322073 the urgency I I think so some some work
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01358-00322074-00322253 need that um
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01359-00322254-00322582 it's like that that directness that
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01360-00322583-00322810 comes from the Caribbean the rhythm of
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01361-00322811-00323134 the Caribbean language uh that it's a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01362-00323135-00323303 different Rhythm from from spoken
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01363-00323304-00323584 English and so therefore in a sense you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01364-00323585-00323741 do have to consider who's going to read
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01365-00323742-00324269 it and explain how to read it perhaps
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01366-00324270-00324497 okay well we've got a couple minutes
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01367-00324498-00324658 more and I want to ask both of you maybe
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01368-00324659-00324941 a slightly provocative question we ask
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01369-00324942-00325067 well I don't know maybe it's not that
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01370-00325068-00325301 provocative but we are we are sitting in
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01371-00325302-00325523 in the British Library which is you know
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01372-00325524-00325708 full of this accumulated knowledge
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01373-00325709-00325937 historical records archives many many
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01374-00325938-00326225 books and as you've said very eloquently
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01375-00326226-00326513 says a lot of the history of other parts
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01376-00326514-00326699 of the world written from Britain has
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01377-00326700-00326932 been a very partial history if not a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01378-00326933-00327167 fictional history and I can't help but
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01379-00327168-00327358 think that you know I was talking to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01380-00327359-00327521 someone last night about the fact that
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01381-00327522-00327689 next year is the 75th anniversary of
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01382-00327690-00327923 Windrush thinking about recent British
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01383-00327924-00328151 politics about and I kind of feel like
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01384-00328152-00328379 as an outsider as someone who lives
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01385-00328380-00328529 somewhere else lives in the Caribbean
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01386-00328530-00328865 visiting here that I feel like
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01387-00328866-00329080 the Caribbean obviously has a shared
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01388-00329081-00329327 history with Britain but in some ways
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01389-00329328-00329513 Britain is not so interested in their
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01390-00329514-00329645 share of the history
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01391-00329646-00329897 I feel like you know there's there's a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01392-00329898-00330106 there's an unders we we have an
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01393-00330107-00330263 understanding of what that relationship
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01394-00330264-00330437 has meant for centuries that maybe the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01395-00330438-00330587 average British person doesn't for
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01396-00330588-00330713 whatever reason whether it has to do
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01397-00330714-00330893 with education whether it has to do with
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01398-00330894-00331084 with politics so anyway so what I'm
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01399-00331085-00331258 getting to in a very roundabout way is I
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01400-00331259-00331421 want to ask both of you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01401-00331422-00331517 um
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01402-00331518-00331684 if there's one thing that you would
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01403-00331685-00331882 likely average British person this is
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01404-00331883-00332051 the mostly Caribbean audience I think or
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01405-00332052-00332230 largely Caribbean audience so they'll
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01406-00332231-00332423 cheer you on if there's one thing you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01407-00332424-00332591 would like the average British person
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01408-00332592-00332830 out in the street potential voter in the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01409-00332831-00332963 general election that might not happen
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01410-00332964-00333256 this year if you one thing you'd like
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01411-00333257-00333508 them to know about Caribbean history or
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01412-00333509-00333719 the historical relationship between the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01413-00333720-00333953 Caribbean and Britain what would be that
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01414-00333954-00334375 thing pass
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01415-00334376-00334654 that the very foundations of Britain
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01416-00334655-00335058 were built on on Caribbean slavery
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01417-00335059-00335267 there's no
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01418-00335268-00335579 um when when the historian Richard Paris
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01419-00335580-00335729 or Paris I'm not sure how to say The
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01420-00335730-00335915 British historian says
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01421-00335916-00336269 it's impossible to conceive now that
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01422-00336270-00336599 these islands were the most Central to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01423-00336600-00336853 to Britain that everything in Britain
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01424-00336854-00337234 derives from from from the the history
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01425-00337235-00337445 navigation
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01426-00337446-00337769 um banking Insurance when when when you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01427-00337770-00338063 look back at it all of it or the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01428-00338064-00338267 majority of it comes from um from from
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01429-00338268-00338587 from the Caribbean is based on it
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01430-00338588-00338854 that's why what is it Saint Lucia
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01431-00338855-00338999 changed hands how many times over
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01432-00339000-00339191 history this little daughter of island
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01433-00339192-00339395 in the middle of the scene
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01434-00339396-00339580 that's why they kept fighting over it
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01435-00339581-00339767 right yeah there would have been no
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01436-00339768-00339953 capital for global capitalism as we know
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01437-00339954-00340145 it without the Caribbean every every
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01438-00340146-00340529 single institution uh and the the sad
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01439-00340530-00340769 thing now of course is that uh the
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01440-00340770-00340973 current group of politicians are saying
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01441-00340974-00341303 we don't want any discussion of um of uh
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01442-00341304-00341597 of race a new discussion of History we
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01443-00341598-00341956 want uh it's uh the Curious the annoying
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01444-00341957-00342221 thing is that Dr Sewell uh commissioned
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01445-00342222-00342503 the report Tony is it Tony Sewell yeah a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01446-00342504-00342779 report yeah and he says slavery times
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01447-00342780-00343084 are done slavery times we don't want to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01448-00343085-00343258 discuss it anymore it's not it's not
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01449-00343259-00343499 relevant and you you want to give him a
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01450-00343500-00343819 box as my sister would say
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01451-00343820-00344129 so this is where we need the writers
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01452-00344130-00344273 this is where we need the fiction
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01453-00344274-00344495 writers The Poets this is where we need
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01454-00344496-00344723 musicians storytellers filmmakers to
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01455-00344724-00344903 step in and fill that Gap right by
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01456-00344904-00345143 telling stories so compelling that they
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01457-00345144-00345365 can't be ignored so on that note I would
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01458-00345366-00345539 like to very much to thank Amanda and
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01459-00345540-00345767 Cecil for coming sharing their books
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01460-00345768-00346049 with us
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01461-00346050-00346829 thank you
+AA9aUUnCJJ8-01462-00346830-00347651 [Music]
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00000-00000000-00000118 well
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00001-00000119-00000262 we are
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00002-00000263-00000543 at the point where we then throw the
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00003-00000544-00000767 meeting open to general questions and
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00004-00000768-00000871 answers
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00005-00000872-00000983 and
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00006-00000984-00001174 we have had
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00007-00001175-00001431 a lot of questions um and if you
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00008-00001432-00001647 remember i recall i did ask
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00009-00001648-00001991 if adele uh and claire could perhaps
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00010-00001992-00002183 form them into a structured response
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00011-00002184-00002367 rather than taking them one at a time
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00012-00002368-00002534 because we do have a number of duplicate
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00013-00002535-00002671 ones
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00014-00002672-00003134 one one thread is uh that um
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00015-00003135-00003279 the uh
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00016-00003279-00003503 is the timeline and i think
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00017-00003504-00003679 you've already covered you've covered
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00018-00003679-00003919 that off um i must say i'm really
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00019-00003920-00004095 frustrated that we're unable to answer
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00020-00004096-00004263 questions on the temporary arrangement
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00021-00004264-00004463 for the community we discussed it today
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00022-00004464-00004702 but it's commercially sensitive we can't
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00023-00004703-00004967 talk about it it's a real shame but
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00024-00004968-00005151 um hopefully we'll we'll
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00025-00005152-00005359 claire and and other officers will be
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00026-00005360-00005815 able to share that with us very soon um
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00027-00005816-00006015 how do you want to take this adele
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00028-00006016-00006238 claire um
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00029-00006239-00006431 yeah
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00030-00006431-00006606 so yeah cousin honey i'm happy to just
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00031-00006608-00006798 quickly go through it and answer what i
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00032-00006800-00006951 can and then hand over to claire to go
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00033-00006952-00007095 through her all right all right let's do
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00034-00007095-00007310 it that way yeah we also
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00035-00007311-00007495 also we have a question for tam at the
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00036-00007495-00007639 end which
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00037-00007640-00007927 john uh put in the in the in very early
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00038-00007928-00008119 on and i will put that to tam thank you
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00039-00008120-00008319 for your patience john sorry over to you
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00040-00008320-00008527 adele fine thank you councillor hanley
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00041-00008528-00008703 and yes i fear i probably will be
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00042-00008704-00008919 repeating some of what i said um but you
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00043-00008920-00009110 know in case people have joined later on
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00044-00009111-00009374 in the forum um i will let care answer
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00045-00009375-00009671 the community related and the um as as
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00046-00009672-00009806 you've just alluded to counselor
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00047-00009807-00009974 handling the the interim provision
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00048-00009975-00010078 questions
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00049-00010079-00010310 um but just to kind of go back to to the
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00050-00010311-00010551 timelines overall we do recognize it is
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00051-00010552-00010719 incredibly frustrating that we can't
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00052-00010720-00010887 offer you a definitive timeline i would
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00053-00010888-00011071 like nothing more than to be able to
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00054-00011072-00011223 share a gantt chart with you today and
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00055-00011224-00011374 tell you exactly when we'll be starting
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00056-00011375-00011519 to dig and when exactly we'll be
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00057-00011520-00011814 delivering your local centre um however
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00058-00011815-00012151 as i've said these processes aren't fast
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00059-00012152-00012278 we have had
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00060-00012279-00012487 coveted we have had unprecedented
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00061-00012488-00012687 socio-economic challenges to deal with
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00062-00012688-00012935 recently um and there clearly is an
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00063-00012936-00013183 awful lot that has to go on behind the
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00064-00013184-00013335 scenes in order to be able to take a
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00065-00013336-00013415 plan
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00066-00013416-00013638 through the planning process and clearly
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00067-00013640-00013815 much financial modelling work that needs
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00068-00013816-00013966 to go on behind the scenes to ensure
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00069-00013968-00014230 that we are bringing the most um
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00070-00014231-00014479 appropriate scheme to to market based on
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00071-00014480-00014607 some of the things i've said in terms of
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00072-00014608-00014838 wider economic development so
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00073-00014840-00015022 i can assure you that a number of
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00074-00015023-00015247 officers uh spend you know eight nine
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00075-00015247-00015463 hours a day on all things north stone
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00076-00015463-00015735 and really are working as as cleverly
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00077-00015736-00015966 and as smartly and as agile as they can
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00078-00015968-00016158 to ensure that we can bring everything
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00079-00016159-00016463 to bear um as soon as possible um you
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00080-00016464-00016639 have my commitment that the paper that
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00081-00016640-00016807 i've talked about will be going to
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00082-00016808-00016935 council in the next couple of months so
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00083-00016936-00017150 at that point they will have a list of
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00084-00017151-00017391 options available to them as to how and
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00085-00017392-00017519 in which order and which sequence of
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00086-00017520-00017727 events we should be bringing the um
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00087-00017728-00017943 enterprising to bear and once they've
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00088-00017944-00018222 agreed with that um delivery mechanism
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00089-00018223-00018383 then we will be in a position to procure
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00090-00018384-00018607 a development partner uh once that
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00091-00018608-00018855 tender process as i've said has happened
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00092-00018856-00019071 that's when um we will see sign
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00093-00019072-00019239 contracts and that's when we will be
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00094-00019240-00019463 able to be very clear on the delivery
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00095-00019464-00019671 timelines and deadlines so certainly
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00096-00019672-00019886 come the october forum i expect to be
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00097-00019887-00020071 able to give you maybe not a full
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00098-00020072-00020263 timeline but at least a timeline of the
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00099-00020264-00020422 timeline based on the development
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00100-00020423-00020647 procurement partner process um at that
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00101-00020648-00020750 forum
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00102-00020751-00021030 but yeah i completely understand um if i
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00103-00021031-00021271 was a resident i too would be frustrated
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00104-00021272-00021455 i can say nothing more than that um and
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00105-00021456-00021567 those of you who've been there for five
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00106-00021568-00021830 years um rightly should be expecting
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00107-00021831-00022030 amenities and a local center soonest and
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00108-00022031-00022294 we are working on it um interim we
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00109-00022295-00022463 obviously are working with the council
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00110-00022464-00022727 the town council on the market and to me
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00111-00022728-00022871 that's that's very important that we can
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00112-00022872-00023094 support a number of our local businesses
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00113-00023095-00023303 to be able to have an iterative and
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00114-00023304-00023527 repeat medical mechanism for and being
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00115-00023528-00023703 able to sell not least because they've
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00116-00023704-00023927 had a very difficult 12 months in terms
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00117-00023928-00024207 of being able to have um
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00118-00024208-00024503 outdoor activity for example
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00119-00024504-00024719 so i hope that wasn't too rambling but
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00120-00024720-00024878 you know i really do want
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00121-00024879-00025127 um everyone to understand that we we are
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00122-00025128-00025367 moving as swiftly as we can and all of
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00123-00025368-00025599 the internal mechanisms are in place
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00124-00025600-00025790 for us to be able to trigger the kind of
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00125-00025791-00025990 preamp pre-planning to planning process
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00126-00025991-00026199 and in tandem the financial modeling
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00127-00026200-00026351 work that has to go hand in hand with
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00128-00026352-00026446 that
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00129-00026447-00026607 i'll hand over to claire to talk about
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00130-00026608-00026807 the community before you do it before
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00131-00026808-00026974 you do handover
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00132-00026975-00027127 i think you've covered off
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00133-00027127-00027327 as well as you can the the timeline
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00134-00027327-00027487 concerns that have been raised there is
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00135-00027488-00027695 one specific question
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00136-00027695-00027855 where is the funding for the community
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00137-00027856-00028055 orchard coming from and is that causing
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00138-00028056-00028167 the delay
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00139-00028168-00028335 i'm not sure if that's feudal or for
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00140-00028336-00028439 claire
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00141-00028439-00028623 that's that's not something i can answer
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00142-00028624-00028879 um claire you able to answer that
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00143-00028880-00029070 i would i would hand that one over to
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00144-00029072-00029351 ellen bridges actually or michaela
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00145-00029352-00029535 all right well let's let's leave that if
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00146-00029536-00029687 you want to carry
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00147-00029688-00029862 answer the other ones we'll we'll pass
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00148-00029863-00030055 that on at the end yeah
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00149-00030056-00030335 yeah sure okay so with regards to the
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00150-00030336-00030631 community wing and the specific user
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00151-00030632-00030870 groups that have been mentioned in the
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00152-00030872-00031190 uh q a um
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00153-00031191-00031367 the communities team at southcams
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00154-00031368-00031655 manages the community wing day-to-day
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00155-00031656-00031855 we're very familiar with the needs of
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00156-00031856-00031990 our users
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00157-00031991-00032174 the the range of activities that's
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00158-00032175-00032462 hosted there their storage requirements
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00159-00032463-00032631 their normal slots
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00160-00032632-00032855 which puts us in a very
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00161-00032856-00033143 excuse me strong position to negotiate
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00162-00033144-00033495 on behalf of all of the users as a block
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00163-00033496-00033879 collectively in order to um
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00164-00033880-00034174 ascertain what um accommodation is
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00165-00034175-00034383 needed to meet not just the current
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00166-00034384-00034711 needs of users but also factoring in the
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00167-00034712-00034967 growth that we anticipate over the next
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00168-00034968-00035262 three years in the range and the number
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00169-00035263-00035462 of community groups which will become
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00170-00035463-00035759 active at northstone so we have taken
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00171-00035760-00036071 this approach in order to um
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00172-00036072-00036374 reach the best as in our view the best
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00173-00036375-00036495 available
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00174-00036496-00036871 um solution to answer the needs
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00175-00036872-00037015 um i
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00176-00037016-00037159 don't think there's anything other
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00177-00037160-00037471 specifically that i need to pick up on
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00178-00037472-00037630 from the questions unless you want to
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00179-00037631-00037871 point anything else out specifically
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00180-00037872-00038183 counselor handling
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00181-00038184-00038559 okay
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00182-00038560-00038783 i'm just trying to work my way through
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00183-00038784-00039271 now um
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00184-00039272-00039551 we
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00185-00039552-00039759 there was one question uh again claire
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00186-00039760-00039927 i'm not sure there's that
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00187-00039928-00040087 that someone's making the point that
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00188-00040088-00040207 it's disappointing there's not going to
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00189-00040208-00040359 be a cafe
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00190-00040360-00040630 uh where is that where and and the food
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00191-00040631-00040895 bank where is that expected to go
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00192-00040896-00041127 in indeed and those those are the the
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00193-00041128-00041327 specific groups and activities that i'm
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00194-00041328-00041487 referring to i haven't named them
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00195-00041488-00041790 individually but um please be aware that
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00196-00041791-00041895 we are
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00197-00041896-00042118 fully aware of all of the groups that
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00198-00042119-00042287 currently use the wing
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00199-00042288-00042518 the essential services that they provide
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00200-00042519-00042679 particularly to our most vulnerable
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00201-00042680-00042823 residents and it's that service
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00202-00042824-00043127 continuity that we're aiming to ensure
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00203-00043128-00043495 and we're doing our best to secure that
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00204-00043496-00043679 okay
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00205-00043680-00043902 um there is another question i think
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00206-00043903-00044046 that's for you
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00207-00044047-00044287 claire uh and that's to do with the
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00208-00044288-00044518 table tennis tables plans for pioneer
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00209-00044519-00044687 park are they going to be put in place
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00210-00044688-00044774 soon
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00211-00044775-00045023 um they won't be put in place in pioneer
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00212-00045024-00045367 park they're going to be uh put in a
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00213-00045368-00045607 place in the greenway
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00214-00045608-00045687 um
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00215-00045688-00045951 and um we're just waiting for some
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00216-00045952-00046327 remedial drainage work to be undertaken
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00217-00046328-00046574 in the spot for which they're intended
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00218-00046575-00046807 we've got a license agreement all ready
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00219-00046808-00047111 to go with ellen q for this new location
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00220-00047112-00047311 and just as soon as we're
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00221-00047312-00047390 um
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00222-00047391-00047486 um
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00223-00047487-00047686 clear that um
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00224-00047687-00047935 we won't have any uh water logging in
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00225-00047936-00048095 the area where they're due to be
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00226-00048096-00048511 installed we'll get them in the ground
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00227-00048512-00048662 okay okay
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00228-00048663-00048815 thank you
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00229-00048816-00048902 um
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00230-00048903-00049015 i'm just
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00231-00049016-00049335 through i think
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00232-00049336-00049655 um
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00233-00049656-00049855 there is one question
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00234-00049856-00050135 claire that that i i think we should
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00235-00050136-00050246 cover
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00236-00050247-00050423 um and that's to do with health
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00237-00050424-00050718 provision um it's a it was a comment
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00238-00050719-00050999 from it's not in q a it was in the chat
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00239-00051000-00051174 actually
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00240-00051175-00051335 um
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00241-00051336-00051470 sorry i'm just trying to find the name
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00242-00051471-00051670 of that elaine atkin
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00243-00051671-00051846 yes
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00244-00051847-00052126 yeah sorry can you cover that one yes
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00245-00052127-00052326 indeed and i think i touched on this
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00246-00052327-00052599 earlier in that we are constantly in
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00247-00052600-00052687 touch
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00248-00052688-00052887 with uh um
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00249-00052888-00053103 with the uh
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00250-00053104-00053254 clinical commissioning group for
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00251-00053255-00053550 cambridge and peterborough to look at
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00252-00053551-00053791 the level of provision currently
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00253-00053791-00054103 available for northstar residents
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00254-00054104-00054223 who are
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00255-00054224-00054438 being encouraged at the moment to
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00256-00054439-00054679 register with the
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00257-00054679-00054838 willingham
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00258-00054839-00054950 practice
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00259-00054951-00055207 um we have received assurance from them
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00260-00055208-00055430 that there is sufficient capacity within
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00261-00055432-00055679 that practice to deal with the residents
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00262-00055679-00055894 however we're also in touch with
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00263-00055895-00056223 willingham medical practice and we have
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00264-00056224-00056494 an ongoing conversation with the ccg
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00265-00056495-00056750 underway and as i mentioned previously
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00266-00056751-00057047 i'd like to to invite the ccg themselves
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00267-00057048-00057238 here to the next forum
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00268-00057239-00057463 in order to um
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00269-00057464-00057807 to to speak more fully as only they are
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00270-00057808-00058391 able to do on the health issue
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00271-00058391-00058711 thank you thank you claire um i'm
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00272-00058712-00058863 going to move
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00273-00058864-00059079 on to a slightly different subject and
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00274-00059079-00059382 um john has been waiting patiently
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00275-00059383-00059663 to ask a question of tam and that is
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00276-00059664-00059991 when will eagle road be open to public
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00277-00059991-00060191 is tam there can you answer that one for
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00278-00060191-00060375 us
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00279-00060376-00060550 i'm afraid i just don't know that kind
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00280-00060551-00060791 of information ellen q um
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00281-00060791-00061150 i realize no not on tonight's agenda um
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00282-00061151-00061279 that's the type of information that
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00283-00061279-00061430 stephen would be able to to give
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00284-00061432-00061582 everyone an update on
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00285-00061583-00061766 i was down there recently
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00286-00061767-00061871 and it
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00287-00061872-00062038 it i think it's really been the houses
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00288-00062039-00062254 i've completed on the frontage of eagle
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00289-00062255-00062342 ray
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00290-00062344-00062487 when i was down there
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00291-00062488-00062679 last it looked like they were nearly all
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00292-00062679-00062830 done so
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00293-00062832-00062975 i can't imagine it's going to take very
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00294-00062976-00063087 long now
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00295-00063088-00063294 okay tom um i should what i should have
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00296-00063295-00063494 said to the uh our audience right at the
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00297-00063495-00063654 beginning is if there are any questions
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00298-00063655-00063854 we can't answer for whatever reason that
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00299-00063855-00063959 we can
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00300-00063960-00064094 cover it off
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00301-00064095-00064391 um on on the website so that's one we'll
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00302-00064391-00064503 take away
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00303-00064504-00064671 hopefully be able to answer in the
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00304-00064672-00064879 coming weeks is that is that a fair
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00305-00064879-00064966 comment
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00306-00064967-00065191 yeah indeed i'll find the answer for you
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00307-00065191-00065415 thank you tom that's great okay
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00308-00065416-00065767 okay um
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00309-00065768-00066150 uh there was a
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00310-00066151-00066271 i think
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00311-00066272-00066519 um let me take
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00312-00066520-00066831 a question from vasilis what is the plan
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00313-00066832-00066982 for the meetings
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00314-00066983-00067159 going forward when will they be face to
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00315-00067160-00067294 face again
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00316-00067295-00067479 um
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00317-00067480-00067575 that
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00318-00067576-00067782 i think is something that you i'm going
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00319-00067783-00067950 to say at the end that that there will
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00320-00067951-00068182 be a um
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00321-00068183-00068391 a survey at the end of this
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00322-00068392-00068615 and that's a kind of point that you can
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00323-00068616-00068799 make you'd like to see face-to-face
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00324-00068800-00069031 meetings again obviously clearly it
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00325-00069032-00069150 makes a
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00326-00069151-00069326 uh it depends a little bit on what the
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00327-00069327-00069582 coronavirus does but um yeah if you make
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00328-00069583-00069911 the point um then we you'll get a
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00329-00069912-00070326 response from from officers
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00330-00070327-00070511 okay um
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00331-00070512-00070663 i think
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00332-00070664-00070855 uh we've covered
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00333-00070856-00071150 the questions off now are there any more
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00334-00071151-00071615 questions for anyone
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00335-00071616-00071775 um
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00336-00071776-00072023 i
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00337-00072024-00072135 think
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00338-00072136-00072391 i can probably draw the meeting talk so
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00339-00072392-00072519 i'm just
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00340-00072520-00072750 trying to give people a bit of time to
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00341-00072751-00073119 to type in
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00342-00073120-00073455 okay look let me um let me sum up
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00343-00073456-00073575 um
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00344-00073576-00073887 because um
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00345-00073888-00074150 i think we've we've had a good uh a good
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00346-00074151-00074431 a good discussion this evening um i'm
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00347-00074432-00074703 told that the q and a responses are
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00348-00074704-00074806 going to be
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00349-00074807-00075079 available uh on the form if any of those
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00350-00075080-00075311 that haven't been fully answered or
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00351-00075312-00075487 answered that haven't been answered at
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00352-00075488-00075567 all
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00353-00075568-00075862 will be available on the forum web page
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00354-00075863-00076079 uh within two weeks and probably sooner
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00355-00076080-00076206 than that
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00356-00076207-00076350 um
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00357-00076351-00076535 i think i
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00358-00076536-00076815 as you leave the forum
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00359-00076816-00077150 the there will be a post zoom survey uh
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00360-00077151-00077311 please look out for that
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00361-00077312-00077615 um the idea is that it will improve the
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00362-00077616-00077823 future forums and so i'd ask you to
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00363-00077824-00077919 spend
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00364-00077920-00078111 what i'm told is less than two minutes
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00365-00078112-00078455 to complete um so please do take time
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00366-00078456-00078838 to do that so i will close the meeting
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00367-00078839-00079094 by thanking everyone thanking the
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00368-00079095-00079303 presenters the panelists
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00369-00079304-00079559 um and you the attendees
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00370-00079560-00079719 who've all given up your time i think
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00371-00079720-00079926 it's been a constructive possibly
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00372-00079927-00080143 slightly frustrating at times
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00373-00080144-00080247 um
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00374-00080248-00080367 uh
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00375-00080368-00080647 uh meeting but uh you know we've done
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00376-00080648-00080911 our best to answer some questions some
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00377-00080912-00081150 of which you know we are gonna have to
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00378-00081151-00081487 give you an answer in the longer term so
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00379-00081488-00081662 thank you all very much for for
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00380-00081663-00081831 attending
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00381-00081832-00082079 and i will close the meeting now please
+ABV0oEzGRIY-00382-00082080-00082476 end the recording thank you
+ACMhUTQPktc-00000-00000114-00000443 so we know that organic acids h a
+ACMhUTQPktc-00001-00000444-00000911 dissociate into h plus and a negative a
+ACMhUTQPktc-00002-00000911-00001108 negative is what we call our conjugate
+ACMhUTQPktc-00003-00001109-00001391 base I'm just going to write CB
+ACMhUTQPktc-00004-00001392-00001607 the arorganic acid dissociates into h
+ACMhUTQPktc-00005-00001607-00001829 plus an a negative mainly because of two
+ACMhUTQPktc-00006-00001830-00002231 reasons first that h a bond is not that
+ACMhUTQPktc-00007-00002232-00002405 strong
+ACMhUTQPktc-00008-00002406-00002650 and the other reason
+ACMhUTQPktc-00009-00002651-00003025 that a negative are conjugate base
+ACMhUTQPktc-00010-00003026-00003331 is stable
+ACMhUTQPktc-00011-00003332-00003688 after dissociation
+ACMhUTQPktc-00012-00003689-00003983 all right
+ACMhUTQPktc-00013-00003984-00004217 as our conjugate base becomes more and
+ACMhUTQPktc-00014-00004218-00004486 more stable our H A molecule becomes
+ACMhUTQPktc-00015-00004487-00004877 more and more acidic
+ACMhUTQPktc-00016-00004878-00005063 let's talk about our a negative
+ACMhUTQPktc-00017-00005064-00005279 stability the idea is that we'll be
+ACMhUTQPktc-00018-00005280-00005585 comparing the stability of a negative of
+ACMhUTQPktc-00019-00005586-00005909 two molecules molecule one and molecule
+ACMhUTQPktc-00020-00005910-00006118 two which of these molecule is more
+ACMhUTQPktc-00021-00006119-00006341 acidic as the stability of a negative
+ACMhUTQPktc-00022-00006342-00006610 increases the acidity of H A increases
+ACMhUTQPktc-00023-00006611-00006833 as well now because a negative is an
+ACMhUTQPktc-00024-00006834-00006989 anion
+ACMhUTQPktc-00025-00006990-00007277 we need to stabilize our anion as much
+ACMhUTQPktc-00026-00007278-00007403 as possible
+ACMhUTQPktc-00027-00007404-00007595 in our previous video we have studied
+ACMhUTQPktc-00028-00007595-00007823 about something called electronic
+ACMhUTQPktc-00029-00007823-00008146 effects
+ACMhUTQPktc-00030-00008147-00008392 in this video we'll be checking the
+ACMhUTQPktc-00031-00008393-00008633 stability of our anions or our conjugate
+ACMhUTQPktc-00032-00008634-00008860 base using these electronic effects
+ACMhUTQPktc-00033-00008861-00009095 because an anion can be stabilized or
+ACMhUTQPktc-00034-00009096-00009323 destabilized by electronic effect will
+ACMhUTQPktc-00035-00009324-00009533 be mainly focusing on aromatic
+ACMhUTQPktc-00036-00009534-00009737 stabilization which is way more than
+ACMhUTQPktc-00037-00009738-00009874 resonance
+ACMhUTQPktc-00038-00009875-00010181 which is more than inductive effect
+ACMhUTQPktc-00039-00010182-00010463 as we go about our examples today we'll
+ACMhUTQPktc-00040-00010464-00010703 see how anions are stabilized by
+ACMhUTQPktc-00041-00010704-00010931 aromaticity resonance and inductive
+ACMhUTQPktc-00042-00010932-00011195 effect from here let me show you the
+ACMhUTQPktc-00043-00011196-00011399 molecules I have for you today
+ACMhUTQPktc-00044-00011400-00012095 this is one of the molecules
+ACMhUTQPktc-00045-00012096-00012556 this and the second molecule I have is
+ACMhUTQPktc-00046-00012557-00012670 this
+ACMhUTQPktc-00047-00012671-00012952 this is a connected yes one is
+ACMhUTQPktc-00048-00012953-00013171 cyclopentadiene
+ACMhUTQPktc-00049-00013172-00013486 cyclo Penta
+ACMhUTQPktc-00050-00013487-00014075 die in and the other one is cyclopropine
+ACMhUTQPktc-00051-00014076-00014338 to compare the acidity of this molecule
+ACMhUTQPktc-00052-00014340-00014536 and this molecule we need to First write
+ACMhUTQPktc-00053-00014537-00014783 the conjugate bases of these molecules
+ACMhUTQPktc-00054-00014784-00015155 let's start with cyclopentadiene
+ACMhUTQPktc-00055-00015156-00015377 before I start removing hydrogens I need
+ACMhUTQPktc-00056-00015378-00015557 to check which of the hydrogens will be
+ACMhUTQPktc-00057-00015558-00015857 lost most easily we have one hydrogen
+ACMhUTQPktc-00058-00015858-00016138 here one hydrogen here one of it here
+ACMhUTQPktc-00059-00016140-00016372 and one of it here
+ACMhUTQPktc-00060-00016373-00016793 the other kind of hydrogens we have is
+ACMhUTQPktc-00061-00016794-00017147 this this why do I say other kind I say
+ACMhUTQPktc-00062-00017148-00017507 it because hydrogens over here here here
+ACMhUTQPktc-00063-00017508-00017825 and here are equivalent the effect that
+ACMhUTQPktc-00064-00017826-00017999 these car these hydrogen will cause
+ACMhUTQPktc-00065-00018000-00018389 after they're lost is similar while when
+ACMhUTQPktc-00066-00018390-00018730 this hydrogen is lost they are equal
+ACMhUTQPktc-00067-00018731-00019013 so we have two types of hydrogens one
+ACMhUTQPktc-00068-00019014-00019313 where the hydrogen is connected to nsp2
+ACMhUTQPktc-00069-00019314-00019564 carbon and one where it is connected to
+ACMhUTQPktc-00070-00019565-00019883 sp3 we find out that these kind of
+ACMhUTQPktc-00071-00019884-00020105 hydrogens are the most acidic hydrogen
+ACMhUTQPktc-00072-00020106-00020891 and we make our conjugate base
+ACMhUTQPktc-00073-00020892-00021161 our conjugate base looks like this where
+ACMhUTQPktc-00074-00021162-00021436 the negative charge is born on this
+ACMhUTQPktc-00075-00021437-00021683 carbon right here we know that in sp3
+ACMhUTQPktc-00076-00021684-00021941 carbon bearing a negative charge is
+ACMhUTQPktc-00077-00021942-00022091 highly unstable
+ACMhUTQPktc-00078-00022092-00022355 but wait I can see that this is a cyclic
+ACMhUTQPktc-00079-00022356-00022607 molecule
+ACMhUTQPktc-00080-00022608-00022864 I can see a chance of delocalization of
+ACMhUTQPktc-00081-00022865-00023057 this negative charge over the entire
+ACMhUTQPktc-00082-00023058-00023249 molecules because there are because
+ACMhUTQPktc-00083-00023250-00023578 there is pi bonds connected here
+ACMhUTQPktc-00084-00023579-00023872 let's try and do that if I try to
+ACMhUTQPktc-00085-00023873-00024077 displace this negative charge over here
+ACMhUTQPktc-00086-00024078-00024341 this makes our PI Bond shift to this
+ACMhUTQPktc-00087-00024342-00024713 Edge and gives us
+ACMhUTQPktc-00088-00024714-00025342 a structure like this
+ACMhUTQPktc-00089-00025343-00025444 right
+ACMhUTQPktc-00090-00025445-00025655 and then and then I can do the same over
+ACMhUTQPktc-00091-00025656-00026056 here make it shift right here and it
+ACMhUTQPktc-00092-00026057-00026470 will look something like this
+ACMhUTQPktc-00093-00026472-00026668 and the same can go over here
+ACMhUTQPktc-00094-00026669-00027143 the same thing happens again
+ACMhUTQPktc-00095-00027144-00027352 it looks something
+ACMhUTQPktc-00096-00027354-00027527 like
+ACMhUTQPktc-00097-00027527-00027731 this
+ACMhUTQPktc-00098-00027732-00028037 what I can see here is that the negative
+ACMhUTQPktc-00099-00028038-00028258 charge is delocalized over the entire
+ACMhUTQPktc-00100-00028260-00028727 molecules making each carbon SP2
+ACMhUTQPktc-00101-00028727-00028996 right I can see that all our carbons are
+ACMhUTQPktc-00102-00028997-00029333 SP2 because of this resonance see here
+ACMhUTQPktc-00103-00029333-00029614 we had an sp3 carbon but as the
+ACMhUTQPktc-00104-00029616-00029951 delocalization began this carbon also
+ACMhUTQPktc-00105-00029952-00030227 acquired SP2 hybridization same happened
+ACMhUTQPktc-00106-00030227-00030485 with all the carbons in this molecule I
+ACMhUTQPktc-00107-00030486-00030731 remember if a molecule is cyclic and if
+ACMhUTQPktc-00108-00030732-00030952 all the carbons are SP2 the molecule
+ACMhUTQPktc-00109-00030954-00031120 becomes planar
+ACMhUTQPktc-00110-00031122-00031505 a planar molecule being cyclic opens the
+ACMhUTQPktc-00111-00031506-00031751 possibility of aromaticity over and
+ACMhUTQPktc-00112-00031752-00032074 above this we need one more rule to
+ACMhUTQPktc-00113-00032075-00032290 check if there is aromatic stabilization
+ACMhUTQPktc-00114-00032291-00032452 of this molecule
+ACMhUTQPktc-00115-00032453-00032740 we call that huckle's rule
+ACMhUTQPktc-00116-00032741-00032993 let me erase some part of this screen so
+ACMhUTQPktc-00117-00032994-00033271 that it gives me more space to write
+ACMhUTQPktc-00118-00033272-00033893 let's do it over here
+ACMhUTQPktc-00119-00033894-00034390 okay so because we have huckles you
+ACMhUTQPktc-00120-00034391-00034624 Pi electrons
+ACMhUTQPktc-00121-00034625-00035002 Pi electrons and lone electrons should
+ACMhUTQPktc-00122-00035003-00035399 be equal to 4 n plus two where n equals
+ACMhUTQPktc-00123-00035400-00035668 to 0 1 or 2
+ACMhUTQPktc-00124-00035669-00036011 and 3.
+ACMhUTQPktc-00125-00036012-00036227 let's check how many Pi electrons and
+ACMhUTQPktc-00126-00036228-00036395 known electrons do we have in this
+ACMhUTQPktc-00127-00036396-00036689 conjugate base we have two Pi electrons
+ACMhUTQPktc-00128-00036690-00036809 here
+ACMhUTQPktc-00129-00036810-00037096 two Pi electrons here that gives us four
+ACMhUTQPktc-00130-00037097-00037361 Pi electrons and how many lone electrons
+ACMhUTQPktc-00131-00037362-00037595 it has negative charge so it means it
+ACMhUTQPktc-00132-00037596-00037871 has two lone electrons which gives us
+ACMhUTQPktc-00133-00037872-00038074 six I want you guys to pause the video
+ACMhUTQPktc-00134-00038075-00038302 and check if 6 satisfies the four n plus
+ACMhUTQPktc-00135-00038303-00038609 two rule if I put n equal to 1
+ACMhUTQPktc-00136-00038610-00039065 we will get 4 into 1 plus 2 which gives
+ACMhUTQPktc-00137-00039066-00039449 us the magic number 6. so yes this
+ACMhUTQPktc-00138-00039450-00039773 conjugate base is aromatic and as a
+ACMhUTQPktc-00139-00039774-00040061 molecule is aromatic it gains a lot of
+ACMhUTQPktc-00140-00040062-00040337 stabilization so it's safe to say that
+ACMhUTQPktc-00141-00040338-00040565 our conjugate base
+ACMhUTQPktc-00142-00040566-00040840 is very stable
+ACMhUTQPktc-00143-00040841-00041112 but before I come to the conclusion if
+ACMhUTQPktc-00144-00041113-00041405 cyclopentadiene or if cyclopropine is
+ACMhUTQPktc-00145-00041406-00041668 more stable I need to check the same for
+ACMhUTQPktc-00146-00041669-00041867 the next molecule
+ACMhUTQPktc-00147-00041868-00042107 we have cyclopropine
+ACMhUTQPktc-00148-00042108-00042335 which looks like this before we start
+ACMhUTQPktc-00149-00042336-00042496 writing its conjugate base let's
+ACMhUTQPktc-00150-00042497-00042790 identify which of the carbons will lose
+ACMhUTQPktc-00151-00042791-00043007 its hydrogen most easily
+ACMhUTQPktc-00152-00043008-00043390 we have one hydrogen here one hydrogen
+ACMhUTQPktc-00153-00043391-00043835 here and the next type of hydrogen we
+ACMhUTQPktc-00154-00043836-00044062 have is here
+ACMhUTQPktc-00155-00044063-00044351 I say these two are similar because both
+ACMhUTQPktc-00156-00044352-00044651 of them are connected to SP2
+ACMhUTQPktc-00157-00044652-00045040 here as well as P2
+ACMhUTQPktc-00158-00045041-00045365 and here it is sp3
+ACMhUTQPktc-00159-00045366-00045605 so let's lose the sp3 hydrogen and see
+ACMhUTQPktc-00160-00045606-00046211 how it looks
+ACMhUTQPktc-00161-00046212-00046462 but a carbon which is sp3
+ACMhUTQPktc-00162-00046463-00046661 is highly stable when it has a negative
+ACMhUTQPktc-00163-00046662-00046871 charge the only way it sustains this
+ACMhUTQPktc-00164-00046872-00047068 negative charge is due to Resonance
+ACMhUTQPktc-00165-00047069-00047339 where the negative charge is delocalized
+ACMhUTQPktc-00166-00047340-00047549 to this spot and the pi electrons move
+ACMhUTQPktc-00167-00047550-00047758 to this point
+ACMhUTQPktc-00168-00047759-00048371 making it look something like this
+ACMhUTQPktc-00169-00048372-00048617 I have a negative charge here
+ACMhUTQPktc-00170-00048618-00049301 and the same happens over here again
+ACMhUTQPktc-00171-00049302-00049552 if you remember from the last time I can
+ACMhUTQPktc-00172-00049553-00049829 see a similar pattern Happening Here
+ACMhUTQPktc-00173-00049830-00050212 right so a cyclic molecule having all
+ACMhUTQPktc-00174-00050213-00050717 its carbonized SP2 now here it was sp3
+ACMhUTQPktc-00175-00050718-00050986 but now because of resonance this carbon
+ACMhUTQPktc-00176-00050987-00051340 also becomes SP2
+ACMhUTQPktc-00177-00051341-00051658 so it's a cyclic molecule
+ACMhUTQPktc-00178-00051659-00051976 it has all its carbons as SP2
+ACMhUTQPktc-00179-00051977-00052204 when I say sp2s essentially means that
+ACMhUTQPktc-00180-00052205-00052463 our molecule is planar and because our
+ACMhUTQPktc-00181-00052464-00052679 molecule is planar there is a continuous
+ACMhUTQPktc-00182-00052679-00052966 Pi electron that means the
+ACMhUTQPktc-00183-00052967-00053261 delocalization is happening all over the
+ACMhUTQPktc-00184-00053262-00053513 molecule the third rule we need to check
+ACMhUTQPktc-00185-00053514-00053873 is huckle's Rule
+ACMhUTQPktc-00186-00053874-00054065 why did you guys pause the video and
+ACMhUTQPktc-00187-00054066-00054226 check if this molecule satisfies
+ACMhUTQPktc-00188-00054227-00054437 huckle's rule or not I'm gonna clear off
+ACMhUTQPktc-00189-00054438-00054671 this part huckle's rule says there
+ACMhUTQPktc-00190-00054672-00054947 should be 4 n plus 2
+ACMhUTQPktc-00191-00054948-00055553 Pi electrons and lone electrons
+ACMhUTQPktc-00192-00055554-00055750 let's count how many Pi electrons and
+ACMhUTQPktc-00193-00055751-00055894 known electrons do we have in this
+ACMhUTQPktc-00194-00055895-00056213 conjugate base we have two Pi electrons
+ACMhUTQPktc-00195-00056214-00056459 in in this Pi Bond and two known
+ACMhUTQPktc-00196-00056460-00056723 electrons in this negative charge so we
+ACMhUTQPktc-00197-00056724-00056903 have two
+ACMhUTQPktc-00198-00056904-00057125 plus two
+ACMhUTQPktc-00199-00057126-00057341 which is four
+ACMhUTQPktc-00200-00057341-00057611 and there is no possible value of n
+ACMhUTQPktc-00201-00057612-00057844 which can give us
+ACMhUTQPktc-00202-00057845-00057988 4
+ACMhUTQPktc-00203-00057989-00058366 even if I put n equals to 0 it makes 4
+ACMhUTQPktc-00204-00058367-00058882 into 0 plus 2 equals to 2.
+ACMhUTQPktc-00205-00058883-00059075 as this molecule does not follow
+ACMhUTQPktc-00206-00059076-00059363 huckle's rule this molecule is not
+ACMhUTQPktc-00207-00059364-00059500 aromatic
+ACMhUTQPktc-00208-00059501-00059765 as this is not aromatic but it still has
+ACMhUTQPktc-00209-00059766-00060100 resonance stabilization but as we saw in
+ACMhUTQPktc-00210-00060101-00060347 the sequence we know that aromaticity
+ACMhUTQPktc-00211-00060348-00060569 provides the most stabilization
+ACMhUTQPktc-00212-00060570-00060826 followed by resonance followed by
+ACMhUTQPktc-00213-00060827-00061037 inductive effect are molecule
+ACMhUTQPktc-00214-00061038-00061530 cyclopentadiene
+ACMhUTQPktc-00215-00061532-00061882 and cyclopropine as this molecule
+ACMhUTQPktc-00216-00061883-00062116 followed huckle's rule it gained
+ACMhUTQPktc-00217-00062117-00062315 aromatic stabilization whereas
+ACMhUTQPktc-00218-00062316-00062597 cyclopropine is not aromatic the
+ACMhUTQPktc-00219-00062598-00062800 conjugate base of this molecules become
+ACMhUTQPktc-00220-00062801-00063130 more stable than this conjugate base so
+ACMhUTQPktc-00221-00063132-00063437 we can say that cyclopentadiene is more
+ACMhUTQPktc-00222-00063438-00063817 acidic than cyclopropylene
+AETWIE2Yx_0-00000-00000263-00000526 just a subtle reminder here that
+AETWIE2Yx_0-00001-00000527-00001054 cyberpunk 2077 is still not bug free
+AETWIE2Yx_0-00002-00001055-00001265 although I will admit that it's gotten a
+AETWIE2Yx_0-00003-00001266-00001420 lot better than
+AETWIE2Yx_0-00004-00001421-00002039 even just a few months ago
+AETWIE2Yx_0-00005-00002039-00002189 and in case you haven't noticed yet
+AETWIE2Yx_0-00006-00002190-00002291 there's a
+AETWIE2Yx_0-00007-00002292-00002573 invisible person on the bars tool
+AETWIE2Yx_0-00008-00002574-00002729 drinking a drink
+AETWIE2Yx_0-00009-00002730-00003947 we can see the drink but not the person
+AETWIE2Yx_0-00010-00003947-00004145 that's it thanks for watching everyone
+AETWIE2Yx_0-00011-00004146-00004484 and have a nice day
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00000-00000400-00000676 I'm gonna do a little poem for you all
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00001-00000677-00000974 this morning this one I think requires a
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00002-00000975-00001204 little bit of an explanation to begin
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00003-00001205-00001349 with so you don't get a little weird
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00004-00001350-00001814 edit out but I I was working about eight
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00005-00001814-00002048 years ago in Canada and Saskatchewan as
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00006-00002049-00002282 a water a water issues officer with a
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00007-00002283-00002443 local environment and conservation
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00008-00002444-00002710 agency and was teaching water
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00009-00002711-00002950 conservation to people but was finding
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00010-00002951-00003140 the you know a lot of the stuff effects
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00011-00003141-00003404 and figures the the data-driven stuff
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00012-00003404-00003547 the behavior change that I was trying to
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00013-00003548-00003872 tell people was all pretty dry and and
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00014-00003872-00004045 so I thought I'll do something a bit
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00015-00004046-00004363 different and put myself on a water
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00016-00004364-00004711 conservation diet of deciding for a
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00017-00004712-00004874 whole month that I was going to use no
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00018-00004875-00005084 more than 25 litres of water per day to
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00019-00005085-00005327 meet all my daily needs and to give you
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00020-00005328-00005891 context that's about this much cubed and
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00021-00005892-00006056 so that was for cooking cleaning bathing
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00022-00006057-00006388 flushing laundry everything you can
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00023-00006389-00006677 imagine and then I wrote a little poem
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00024-00006678-00006928 about it
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00025-00006929-00007210 which was much less yeah dry and boring
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00026-00007211-00007355 than the PowerPoint presentations that I
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00027-00007356-00007745 had been doing so he go I haven't had a
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00028-00007745-00008074 shower in 28 days and it's fair to say
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00029-00008075-00008239 that nobody executes the sponge bath
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00030-00008240-00008499 quite the way that I do
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00031-00008500-00008771 I've earned my black belt and a PhD in
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00032-00008772-00008962 the ancient art of sponge bath very
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00033-00008963-00009434 tomorrow's job bucket laundry is my
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00034-00009435-00009674 plumbing broken is my bathroom being
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00035-00009675-00010099 renovated no this is about me using my
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00036-00010100-00010262 voice and this is about those who have
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00037-00010263-00010438 no choice and the reason I do this is to
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00038-00010439-00010733 make you think how much water was used
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00039-00010734-00010927 when you were last at the kitchen sink
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00040-00010928-00011128 between your ingrained habits and the
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00041-00011129-00011296 taxes you pay in the ability of your
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00042-00011297-00011503 grandchildren to freely play in a lake
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00043-00011504-00011816 devoid of blue-green algae between the
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00044-00011817-00012023 energy used to pump sacred life into
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00045-00012024-00012251 your home through subterranean water
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00046-00012252-00012589 highways between all of these things can
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00047-00012590-00012997 you make a link 25 litres a day as all
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00048-00012998-00013283 I'm allowed this manic month of
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00049-00013284-00013408 scribbling and jawed
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00050-00013409-00013647 I am the calorie counter of the water
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00051-00013648-00013908 world and now I realized with the sharp
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00052-00013909-00014065 clarity and the sudden compulsion of
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00053-00014066-00014179 somebody who's rapidly losing her
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00054-00014180-00014325 footing in the crumbling stance thrown
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00055-00014326-00014650 on the brink of an OCD chasm why diets
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00056-00014651-00014821 never work
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00057-00014822-00015147 I want to itch on your minds with a
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00058-00015148-00015358 water-based ink and I want you all to be
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00059-00015359-00015519 thinking about how much what do you use
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00060-00015520-00015891 and how much you abuse I've been labeled
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00061-00015893-00016194 alarmist a dirty hippie and more how
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00062-00016195-00016344 I've been called an attention-seeking
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00063-00016453-00016683 beware the iron firm grip
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00064-00016684-00016819 some people were maintained to their
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00065-00016820-00017280 god-given claim to remain apathetic now
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00066-00017281-00017583 whilst measuring out bathing water I can
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00067-00017584-00017860 almost already feel the sleek ribbons of
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00068-00017861-00018136 cascading whomps soon to be delivered by
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00069-00018137-00018678 my trusty yogurt container this sponge
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00070-00018679-00018919 bath has earned and I'll enjoy it more
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00071-00018920-00019093 than ever before that I've reached out
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00072-00019094-00019386 to turn on that shower dial up the
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00073-00019387-00019603 stairs with my bucket and I'm careful
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00074-00019604-00019837 not to slop I can't afford to waste a
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00075-00019838-00020109 single drop into the bathroom ready to
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00076-00020110-00020905 go with my luxury steaming h2o and my
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00077-00020906-00021100 haste I have stumbled and spilled my
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00078-00021101-00021166 bucket
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00079-00021167-00021517 I watched my efforts drain away blue
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00080-00021518-00021750 gold on porcelain in the bottom of the
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00081-00021751-00022078 tub down the sewer Lane pretty much
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00082-00022079-00022255 unchanged from the fresh water traffic
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00083-00022256-00022468 on the intake highway and as it passes
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00084-00022469-00022747 by it may honk and wave on its way back
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00085-00022748-00022993 from the river from whence it came
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00086-00022994-00023290 and now I must walk downstairs measure
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00087-00023291-00023544 out more water and return to the stove
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00088-00023545-00023856 with it novelty is worn often at this
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00089-00023857-00024125 stage I'm over it
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00090-00024126-00024649 still I walk down 16 stairs ensures held
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00091-00024650-00024984 beats 16 miles from a sun-baked village
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00092-00024985-00025155 on a dusty road a woman with a jug on
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00093-00025156-00025318 her head she goes and where this woman
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00094-00025319-00025558 she goes she walks with her hopes and
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00095-00025559-00025714 she walks with her dreams and she
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00096-00025714-00026097 wonders if anyone hears her story in
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00097-00026098-00026308 three short days my stand of solidarity
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00098-00026308-00026660 comes to an end but I will not forget
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00099-00026661-00027012 herstory echoes in every drip of a leaky
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00100-00027013-00027351 showerhead and every careless flesh the
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00101-00027352-00027539 weight of that clay jug sits on my
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00102-00027541-00027750 shoulders every time I see somebody turn
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00103-00027751-00028176 their back on a running tap tomorrow's
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00104-00028177-00028368 Wars won't be fought over a thirst for
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00105-00028369-00028901 oil but over thirst in and of itself
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00106-00028902-00029145 with three days to go I'm struck by the
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00107-00029145-00029527 irony that water makes up 70% of my body
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00108-00029529-00029805 so when the wells won't run dry in the
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00109-00029806-00030156 fields turned to dust I wonder will they
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00110-00030157-00030681 be coming to tap with me
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00111-00030682-00031193 [Applause]
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00112-00031194-00033110 [Music]
+AFaQ1jBz0qk-00113-00033111-00033317 you
+AG08pYBCmHM-00000-00000550-00002607 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00001-00002608-00005161 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00002-00005162-00006222 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00003-00006223-00006448 thank you
+AG08pYBCmHM-00004-00006450-00009222 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00005-00009223-00010891 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00006-00010892-00013040 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00008-00017790-00018150 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00009-00018151-00018200 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00010-00018201-00018359 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00011-00018360-00019143 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00012-00019144-00019287 so
+AG08pYBCmHM-00013-00019288-00019981 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00014-00019982-00020402 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00015-00020403-00020787 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00016-00020788-00021088 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00017-00021089-00021602 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00018-00021603-00021909 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00019-00021910-00021985 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00020-00021986-00022381 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00021-00022382-00022683 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00023-00027504-00029079 hmm
+AG08pYBCmHM-00024-00029080-00030958 okay
+AG08pYBCmHM-00025-00030960-00032543 god
+AG08pYBCmHM-00026-00032544-00033911 oh
+AG08pYBCmHM-00027-00033912-00036223 okay
+AG08pYBCmHM-00029-00040047-00041055 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00030-00041056-00041782 whatever
+AG08pYBCmHM-00032-00045031-00045326 oh
+AG08pYBCmHM-00033-00045327-00046574 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00034-00046575-00048302 oh
+AG08pYBCmHM-00036-00052464-00054739 so
+AG08pYBCmHM-00037-00054740-00056995 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00038-00056996-00057430 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00039-00057432-00057779 oh
+AG08pYBCmHM-00040-00057779-00059960 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00041-00059961-00061126 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00042-00061127-00061721 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00043-00061722-00063199 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00044-00063200-00064400 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00045-00064401-00064942 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00046-00064944-00065575 oh
+AG08pYBCmHM-00047-00065576-00066094 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00048-00066095-00066317 ah
+AG08pYBCmHM-00049-00066318-00066690 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00050-00066691-00067840 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00051-00067841-00068638 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00052-00068639-00069253 hmm
+AG08pYBCmHM-00053-00069254-00069895 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00054-00069896-00070326 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00055-00070327-00070808 huh
+AG08pYBCmHM-00056-00070809-00071829 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00058-00076845-00078352 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00059-00078353-00078960 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00060-00078961-00080175 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00061-00080176-00081231 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00062-00081232-00083372 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00063-00083373-00083605 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00064-00083606-00085092 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00065-00085093-00086361 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00066-00086362-00086961 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00067-00086962-00087084 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00068-00087085-00088960 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00069-00088961-00088984 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00070-00088985-00089751 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00071-00089752-00089986 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00072-00089987-00090318 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00073-00090319-00090534 so
+AG08pYBCmHM-00074-00090535-00092167 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00075-00092168-00094245 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00076-00094246-00095543 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00077-00095544-00095591 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00078-00095592-00095941 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00079-00095942-00095985 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00080-00095986-00097168 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00081-00097169-00097691 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00082-00097692-00098974 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00083-00098975-00099167 so
+AG08pYBCmHM-00084-00099168-00099571 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00085-00099572-00099590 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00086-00099591-00100247 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00087-00100248-00100358 so
+AG08pYBCmHM-00088-00100359-00100593 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00089-00100594-00100766 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00090-00100767-00100938 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00091-00100939-00101584 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00092-00101585-00101997 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00093-00101998-00104585 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00094-00104586-00104818 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00095-00104819-00106149 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00096-00106150-00106197 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00097-00106198-00106548 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00098-00106549-00106592 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00099-00106593-00107127 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00100-00107128-00107774 now
+AG08pYBCmHM-00101-00107775-00108298 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00102-00108299-00110173 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00103-00110174-00110197 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00104-00110198-00110964 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00105-00110965-00111199 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00106-00111200-00111373 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00107-00111374-00111544 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00108-00111545-00111747 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00109-00111748-00111999 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00110-00112000-00112191 um
+AG08pYBCmHM-00111-00112192-00112952 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00113-00117128-00117629 uh
+AG08pYBCmHM-00115-00121128-00121604 so
+AG08pYBCmHM-00116-00121605-00122614 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00117-00122615-00122747 do
+AG08pYBCmHM-00118-00122748-00125476 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00119-00125477-00126641 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00120-00126642-00126886 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00121-00126888-00127108 so
+AG08pYBCmHM-00123-00130911-00131429 so
+AG08pYBCmHM-00124-00131430-00132934 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00125-00132935-00133109 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00126-00133110-00133701 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00127-00133702-00133865 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00128-00133866-00134597 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00129-00134598-00134799 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00130-00134800-00137536 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00131-00137537-00137648 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00133-00143688-00143985 so
+AG08pYBCmHM-00134-00143986-00145745 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00136-00150295-00150467 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00137-00150468-00151061 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00138-00151062-00151935 [Applause]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00139-00151936-00152638 so
+AG08pYBCmHM-00140-00152639-00154534 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00141-00154535-00155430 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00142-00155431-00155983 [Music]
+AG08pYBCmHM-00143-00155984-00156191 you
+ApdNKqmKffg-00000-00000046-00000539 Do It Yourself DIY is the method of
+ApdNKqmKffg-00001-00000540-00000763 building modifying or repairing things
+ApdNKqmKffg-00002-00000764-00000961 without the direct aid of experts or
+ApdNKqmKffg-00003-00000963-00001214 professionals academic research
+ApdNKqmKffg-00004-00001215-00001447 described DIY as behaviors where
+ApdNKqmKffg-00005-00001448-00001714 individuals engage raw and semi raw
+ApdNKqmKffg-00006-00001716-00002000 materials and parts to produce transform
+ApdNKqmKffg-00007-00002001-00002234 or reconstruct material possessions
+ApdNKqmKffg-00008-00002235-00002459 including those drawn from the natural
+ApdNKqmKffg-00009-00002460-00002534 environment
+ApdNKqmKffg-00010-00002535-00002945 eg landscaping DIY behavior can be
+ApdNKqmKffg-00011-00002946-00003098 triggered by various motivations
+ApdNKqmKffg-00012-00003099-00003335 previously categorized as marketplace
+ApdNKqmKffg-00013-00003336-00003590 motivations economic benefits lack of
+ApdNKqmKffg-00014-00003590-00003779 product availability lack of product
+ApdNKqmKffg-00015-00003779-00003997 quality need for customization and
+ApdNKqmKffg-00016-00003998-00004213 identity enhancement craftsmanship
+ApdNKqmKffg-00017-00004214-00004466 empowerment community seeking uniqueness
+ApdNKqmKffg-00018-00004467-00004772 the term do-it-yourself has been
+ApdNKqmKffg-00019-00004773-00004979 associated with consumers since at least
+ApdNKqmKffg-00020-00004980-00005236 1912 primarily in the domain of home
+ApdNKqmKffg-00021-00005237-00005449 improvement and maintenance activities
+ApdNKqmKffg-00022-00005450-00005870 the phrase do-it-yourself had come into
+ApdNKqmKffg-00023-00005871-00006092 common usage in standard English by the
+ApdNKqmKffg-00024-00006093-00006374 1950s in reference to the emergence of a
+ApdNKqmKffg-00025-00006375-00006539 trend of people undertaking home
+ApdNKqmKffg-00026-00006540-00006721 improvement in various other small
+ApdNKqmKffg-00027-00006722-00006923 crafts and construction projects as both
+ApdNKqmKffg-00028-00006923-00007145 a creative recreational and cost-saving
+ApdNKqmKffg-00029-00007145-00007534 activity subsequently the term DIY has
+ApdNKqmKffg-00030-00007536-00007720 taken on a broader meaning that covers a
+ApdNKqmKffg-00031-00007722-00008017 wide range of skill sets DIY is
+ApdNKqmKffg-00032-00008018-00008210 associated with the International
+ApdNKqmKffg-00033-00008211-00008405 alternative rock punk rock and indie
+ApdNKqmKffg-00034-00008406-00008633 rock music scenes indie media networks
+ApdNKqmKffg-00035-00008634-00008855 pirate radio stations and the zine
+ApdNKqmKffg-00036-00008856-00009233 community in this context DIY is related
+ApdNKqmKffg-00037-00009234-00009431 to the Arts and Crafts movement in that
+ApdNKqmKffg-00038-00009432-00009605 it offers an alternative to modern
+ApdNKqmKffg-00039-00009606-00009817 consumer cultures emphasis on relying on
+ApdNKqmKffg-00040-00009818-00010103 others to satisfy needs it has also
+ApdNKqmKffg-00041-00010104-00010328 become prevalent in the personal finance
+ApdNKqmKffg-00042-00010329-00010562 when investing in the stock one can
+ApdNKqmKffg-00043-00010563-00010751 utilize a professional advisor or
+ApdNKqmKffg-00044-00010752-00011475 partake in do it yourself investing
+ApdNKqmKffg-00045-00011476-00012000 topic history
+ApdNKqmKffg-00046-00012001-00012231 Italian archaeologists unearthed the
+ApdNKqmKffg-00047-00012232-00012441 ruins of a sixth century BC Greek
+ApdNKqmKffg-00048-00012442-00012615 structure in southern Italy that came
+ApdNKqmKffg-00049-00012616-00012819 with detailed assembly instructions and
+ApdNKqmKffg-00050-00012819-00013083 is being called an ancient IKEA building
+ApdNKqmKffg-00051-00013084-00013350 the structure was a temple like building
+ApdNKqmKffg-00052-00013351-00013563 discovered at Torre Satriano near the
+ApdNKqmKffg-00053-00013563-00013815 southern city of Potenza in basilicata a
+ApdNKqmKffg-00054-00013816-00014001 region where local people mingled with
+ApdNKqmKffg-00055-00014002-00014184 Greeks who settled along the southern
+ApdNKqmKffg-00056-00014185-00014358 coast known as Magna great sure and in
+ApdNKqmKffg-00057-00014359-00014547 Sicily from the eighth century BC
+ApdNKqmKffg-00058-00014547-00014816 onwards professor Christopher Smith
+ApdNKqmKffg-00059-00014818-00015009 director of the British school at Rome
+ApdNKqmKffg-00060-00015010-00015266 said that the discovery was the clearest
+ApdNKqmKffg-00061-00015268-00015513 example yet found of Mason's marks of
+ApdNKqmKffg-00062-00015513-00015762 the time it looks as if someone was
+ApdNKqmKffg-00063-00015763-00015965 instructing others how to mass-produce
+ApdNKqmKffg-00064-00015966-00016200 components and put them together in this
+ApdNKqmKffg-00065-00016201-00016542 way much like the instruction booklets
+ApdNKqmKffg-00066-00016543-00016764 various sections of the luxury building
+ApdNKqmKffg-00067-00016765-00016932 were inscribed with coded symbols
+ApdNKqmKffg-00068-00016933-00017111 showing how the pieces slotted together
+ApdNKqmKffg-00069-00017112-00017328 the characteristics of these
+ApdNKqmKffg-00070-00017329-00017517 inscriptions indicate they date back to
+ApdNKqmKffg-00071-00017518-00017739 around the sixth century BC which
+ApdNKqmKffg-00072-00017740-00017922 tallies with the architectural evidence
+ApdNKqmKffg-00073-00017923-00018213 suggested by the decoration the building
+ApdNKqmKffg-00074-00018214-00018423 was built by Greek artisans coming from
+ApdNKqmKffg-00075-00018424-00018642 the Spartan colony of Toronto in Apulia
+ApdNKqmKffg-00076-00018643-00018840 in North America there was a DIY
+ApdNKqmKffg-00077-00018841-00019053 magazine publishing niche in the first
+ApdNKqmKffg-00078-00019054-00019371 half of the 20th century magazines such
+ApdNKqmKffg-00079-00019372-00019644 as Popular Mechanics founded in 1902 and
+ApdNKqmKffg-00080-00019645-00019905 Mechanics Illustrated founded in 1928
+ApdNKqmKffg-00081-00019906-00020079 offered a way for readers to keep
+ApdNKqmKffg-00082-00020080-00020262 current on useful practical skills
+ApdNKqmKffg-00083-00020263-00020628 techniques tools and materials as many
+ApdNKqmKffg-00084-00020629-00020822 readers lived in rural or semi-rural
+ApdNKqmKffg-00085-00020823-00021057 regions initially much of the material
+ApdNKqmKffg-00086-00021058-00021243 related to their needs on the farm or in
+ApdNKqmKffg-00087-00021244-00021855 a small town
+ApdNKqmKffg-00088-00021856-00022427 topic home-improvement
+ApdNKqmKffg-00089-00022428-00022664 the DIY movement is a reintroduction
+ApdNKqmKffg-00090-00022665-00022907 often to urban and suburban dwellers of
+ApdNKqmKffg-00091-00022908-00023072 the old pattern of personal involvement
+ApdNKqmKffg-00092-00023073-00023282 and use of skills in the upkeep of a
+ApdNKqmKffg-00093-00023283-00023465 house or apartment making clothes
+ApdNKqmKffg-00094-00023466-00023732 maintenance of cars computers websites
+ApdNKqmKffg-00095-00023733-00024035 or any material aspect of living the
+ApdNKqmKffg-00096-00024036-00024203 philosopher Alan Watts from the
+ApdNKqmKffg-00097-00024204-00024530 houseboat summit panel discussion in a
+ApdNKqmKffg-00098-00024531-00024833 1967 edition of the San Francisco Oracle
+ApdNKqmKffg-00099-00024834-00025081 reflected a growing sentiment our
+ApdNKqmKffg-00100-00025082-00025364 educational system in its entirety does
+ApdNKqmKffg-00101-00025365-00025568 nothing to give us any kind of material
+ApdNKqmKffg-00102-00025569-00025868 competence in other words we don't learn
+ApdNKqmKffg-00103-00025869-00026072 how to cook how to make clothes how to
+ApdNKqmKffg-00104-00026073-00026302 build houses how to make love or to do
+ApdNKqmKffg-00105-00026304-00026504 any of the absolutely fundamental things
+ApdNKqmKffg-00106-00026505-00026792 of life the whole education that we get
+ApdNKqmKffg-00107-00026793-00026977 for our children in school is entirely
+ApdNKqmKffg-00108-00026979-00027289 in terms of abstractions it trains you
+ApdNKqmKffg-00109-00027291-00027461 to be an insurance salesman or a
+ApdNKqmKffg-00110-00027462-00027658 bureaucrat or some kind of cerebral
+ApdNKqmKffg-00111-00027660-00028070 character in the 1970s DIY spread
+ApdNKqmKffg-00112-00028070-00028264 through the North American population of
+ApdNKqmKffg-00113-00028266-00028460 college and recent college graduate age
+ApdNKqmKffg-00114-00028461-00028783 groups in part this movement involved
+ApdNKqmKffg-00115-00028785-00028970 the renovation of affordable rundown
+ApdNKqmKffg-00116-00028970-00029270 older homes but it also related to
+ApdNKqmKffg-00117-00029270-00029483 various projects expressing the social
+ApdNKqmKffg-00118-00029483-00029717 and environmental vision of the 1960s
+ApdNKqmKffg-00119-00029718-00030050 and early 1970s the young visionary
+ApdNKqmKffg-00120-00030051-00030242 Stewart Brand working with friends and
+ApdNKqmKffg-00121-00030243-00030427 family and initially using the most
+ApdNKqmKffg-00122-00030429-00030632 basic of typesetting and page layout
+ApdNKqmKffg-00123-00030633-00030827 tools published the first edition of the
+ApdNKqmKffg-00124-00030827-00031058 Whole Earth Catalog subtitled access to
+ApdNKqmKffg-00125-00031058-00031454 tools in late 1968 the first catalogue
+ApdNKqmKffg-00126-00031455-00031649 and its successes used a broad
+ApdNKqmKffg-00127-00031650-00031985 definition of the term tools there were
+ApdNKqmKffg-00128-00031986-00032207 informational tools such as books often
+ApdNKqmKffg-00129-00032208-00032393 technical in nature professional
+ApdNKqmKffg-00130-00032394-00032640 journals courses classes and the like
+ApdNKqmKffg-00131-00032641-00032930 there were specialized designed items
+ApdNKqmKffg-00132-00032931-00033134 such as carpenters and Mason's tools
+ApdNKqmKffg-00133-00033135-00033398 garden tools welding equipment chainsaws
+ApdNKqmKffg-00134-00033399-00033689 fiberglass materials and Saran even
+ApdNKqmKffg-00135-00033690-00033998 early personal computers the designer J
+ApdNKqmKffg-00136-00033999-00034208 Baldwin acted as editor to include such
+ApdNKqmKffg-00137-00034209-00034505 items writing many of the reviews the
+ApdNKqmKffg-00138-00034506-00034718 catalogues publication both emerged from
+ApdNKqmKffg-00139-00034719-00034831 and spurred the Great Wave of
+ApdNKqmKffg-00140-00034832-00035078 experimentalism convention breaking and
+ApdNKqmKffg-00141-00035079-00035254 do-it-yourself attitude of the late
+ApdNKqmKffg-00142-00035255-00035657 1960s often copied the catalog appeal to
+ApdNKqmKffg-00143-00035658-00035792 a wide cross-section of
+ApdNKqmKffg-00144-00035793-00035971 people in North America and had a broad
+ApdNKqmKffg-00145-00035972-00036323 influence DIY home improvement books
+ApdNKqmKffg-00146-00036324-00036617 burgeoned in the 1970s first created as
+ApdNKqmKffg-00147-00036618-00036835 collections of magazine articles an
+ApdNKqmKffg-00148-00036836-00037174 early extensive line of DIY how-to books
+ApdNKqmKffg-00149-00037175-00037402 was created by sunset books based upon
+ApdNKqmKffg-00150-00037403-00037607 previously published articles from their
+ApdNKqmKffg-00151-00037608-00037885 magazine sunset based in California
+ApdNKqmKffg-00152-00037886-00038104 time-life Better Homes and Gardens
+ApdNKqmKffg-00153-00038105-00038342 balcony garden web and other publishers
+ApdNKqmKffg-00154-00038343-00038786 soon followed suit in the mid-1990s DIY
+ApdNKqmKffg-00155-00038787-00038990 home-improvement content began to find
+ApdNKqmKffg-00156-00038991-00039251 its way onto the world wide web house
+ApdNKqmKffg-00157-00039252-00039427 net was the earliest bulletin board
+ApdNKqmKffg-00158-00039428-00039596 style site where users could share
+ApdNKqmKffg-00159-00039597-00039946 information home tips.com established in
+ApdNKqmKffg-00160-00039947-00040220 early 1995 was among the first web-based
+ApdNKqmKffg-00161-00040221-00040457 sites to deliver free extensive DIY
+ApdNKqmKffg-00162-00040458-00040643 home-improvement content created by
+ApdNKqmKffg-00163-00040644-00041062 expert authors since the late 1990s DIY
+ApdNKqmKffg-00164-00041063-00041218 has exploded on the web through
+ApdNKqmKffg-00165-00041219-00041612 thousands of sites in the 1970s when
+ApdNKqmKffg-00166-00041613-00041864 home video VCRs came along DIY
+ApdNKqmKffg-00167-00041865-00042040 instructors quickly grasped its
+ApdNKqmKffg-00168-00042041-00042257 potential for demonstrating processes by
+ApdNKqmKffg-00169-00042258-00042664 audio-visual means in 1979 the PBS
+ApdNKqmKffg-00170-00042665-00042833 television series this old house
+ApdNKqmKffg-00171-00042834-00043061 starring Bob Vila premiered and this
+ApdNKqmKffg-00172-00043062-00043376 spurred a DIY television revolution the
+ApdNKqmKffg-00173-00043377-00043592 show was immensely popular educating
+ApdNKqmKffg-00174-00043593-00043754 people on how to improve their living
+ApdNKqmKffg-00175-00043755-00043933 conditions and the value of their house
+ApdNKqmKffg-00176-00043934-00044123 without the expense of paying someone
+ApdNKqmKffg-00177-00044124-00044489 else to do as much of the work in 1994
+ApdNKqmKffg-00178-00044490-00044749 the HGTV network cable television
+ApdNKqmKffg-00179-00044750-00044885 channel was launched in the United
+ApdNKqmKffg-00180-00044886-00045196 States in Canada followed in 1999 by the
+ApdNKqmKffg-00181-00045197-00045439 DIY Network cable television channel
+ApdNKqmKffg-00182-00045440-00045677 both were launched to appeal to the
+ApdNKqmKffg-00183-00045678-00045860 growing percentage of North Americans
+ApdNKqmKffg-00184-00045861-00046061 interested in DIY topics from
+ApdNKqmKffg-00185-00046062-00046310 home-improvement to knitting such
+ApdNKqmKffg-00186-00046311-00046520 channels have multiple shows showing how
+ApdNKqmKffg-00187-00046521-00046682 to stretch one's budget to achieve
+ApdNKqmKffg-00188-00046683-00046871 professional looking results design
+ApdNKqmKffg-00189-00046872-00047140 sense design on a dime etc while doing
+ApdNKqmKffg-00190-00047141-00047255 the work yourself
+ApdNKqmKffg-00191-00047256-00047521 tool belt diva specifically caters to
+ApdNKqmKffg-00192-00047522-00047846 female DS beyond magazines and
+ApdNKqmKffg-00193-00047847-00048014 television the scope of home-improvement
+ApdNKqmKffg-00194-00048015-00048283 DIY continues to grow online where most
+ApdNKqmKffg-00195-00048284-00048470 mainstream media outlets now have
+ApdNKqmKffg-00196-00048471-00048698 extensive DIY focused informational
+ApdNKqmKffg-00197-00048699-00048917 websites such as this old house Martha
+ApdNKqmKffg-00198-00048918-00049185 Stewart home talk and the DIY Network
+ApdNKqmKffg-00199-00049186-00049407 these are often extensions of their
+ApdNKqmKffg-00200-00049408-00049659 magazine or television brand the growth
+ApdNKqmKffg-00201-00049660-00049917 of independent online DIY resources is
+ApdNKqmKffg-00202-00049918-00050181 also spiking the number of homeowners
+ApdNKqmKffg-00203-00050182-00050364 who blog about their experiences
+ApdNKqmKffg-00204-00050365-00050556 continues to grow along with DIY
+ApdNKqmKffg-00205-00050557-00051322 websites from smaller organizations
+ApdNKqmKffg-00206-00051323-00051838 topic fashion
+ApdNKqmKffg-00207-00051839-00052101 DIY amongst the fashion community is
+ApdNKqmKffg-00208-00052102-00052300 popular with ideas being shared on
+ApdNKqmKffg-00209-00052301-00052486 social media such as YouTube about
+ApdNKqmKffg-00210-00052487-00052794 clothing jewelry makeup and hairstyles
+ApdNKqmKffg-00211-00052795-00053029 techniques include distressing genes
+ApdNKqmKffg-00212-00053029-00053272 bleaching genes redesigning an old shirt
+ApdNKqmKffg-00213-00053273-00053629 and studying denim the concept of DIY
+ApdNKqmKffg-00214-00053629-00053812 has also emerged within the Art and
+ApdNKqmKffg-00215-00053813-00054066 Design community the terms
+ApdNKqmKffg-00216-00054067-00054322 activists craft Avista maker have been
+ApdNKqmKffg-00217-00054323-00054511 used to describe creatives working
+ApdNKqmKffg-00218-00054512-00054835 within a DIY framework Bush Otto von
+ApdNKqmKffg-00219-00054836-00055078 bush describes activism as including the
+ApdNKqmKffg-00220-00055079-00055303 participant in the process of making to
+ApdNKqmKffg-00221-00055304-00055491 give rise to new attitudes within the
+ApdNKqmKffg-00222-00055492-00055857 maker or collaborator Bush 49 Bush
+ApdNKqmKffg-00223-00055858-00056016 suggests that by engaging in
+ApdNKqmKffg-00224-00056017-00056272 participatory forms of fashion consumers
+ApdNKqmKffg-00225-00056273-00056517 are able step away from the idea of mass
+ApdNKqmKffg-00226-00056519-00056963 homogenized emcee fashion lee 2003 as
+ApdNKqmKffg-00227-00056964-00057223 fashion hacktivism allows consumers to
+ApdNKqmKffg-00228-00057224-00057417 play a more active role in engaging with
+ApdNKqmKffg-00229-00057419-00057876 the clothes they wear Bush 32 topic
+ApdNKqmKffg-00230-00057877-00058075 subculture the terms DIY and
+ApdNKqmKffg-00231-00058076-00058273 do-it-yourself are also used to describe
+ApdNKqmKffg-00232-00058274-00058506 self publishing books jeans and
+ApdNKqmKffg-00233-00058507-00058774 alternative comics bands or solo artists
+ApdNKqmKffg-00234-00058775-00058963 releasing their music on self-funded
+ApdNKqmKffg-00235-00058964-00059263 record labels trading of mixtapes is
+ApdNKqmKffg-00236-00059264-00059451 part of cassette culture homemade stuffs
+ApdNKqmKffg-00237-00059452-00059686 based on the principles of recycle reuse
+ApdNKqmKffg-00238-00059687-00060013 and reduce the three hours a common term
+ApdNKqmKffg-00239-00060014-00060184 in many environmental movements
+ApdNKqmKffg-00240-00060185-00060393 encouraging people to reuse old used
+ApdNKqmKffg-00241-00060394-00060571 objects found in their homes and to
+ApdNKqmKffg-00242-00060572-00060816 recycle simple materials like paper
+ApdNKqmKffg-00243-00060816-00061116 crafts such as knitting crochet sewing
+ApdNKqmKffg-00244-00061117-00061344 handmade jewelry ceramics designing
+ApdNKqmKffg-00245-00061345-00061569 business cards invitations and so on
+ApdNKqmKffg-00246-00061570-00061747 creating punk or indie musical
+ApdNKqmKffg-00247-00061748-00061948 merchandise through the use of recycling
+ApdNKqmKffg-00248-00061949-00062149 thrift store or discarded materials
+ApdNKqmKffg-00249-00062150-00062359 usually decorated with art applied by
+ApdNKqmKffg-00250-00062360-00062659 silkscreen independent game development
+ApdNKqmKffg-00251-00062660-00062844 and game modern contemporary roller
+ApdNKqmKffg-00252-00062845-00063063 derby skate parks built by skateboarders
+ApdNKqmKffg-00253-00063064-00063216 without paid professional assistance
+ApdNKqmKffg-00254-00063217-00063438 building musical electronic circuits
+ApdNKqmKffg-00255-00063439-00063640 such as the Atari Punk console and
+ApdNKqmKffg-00256-00063641-00063825 create circuit bending noise machines
+ApdNKqmKffg-00257-00063826-00064159 from old children toys modifying modding
+ApdNKqmKffg-00258-00064160-00064360 common products to allow extended or
+ApdNKqmKffg-00259-00064361-00064575 unintended uses commonly referred to by
+ApdNKqmKffg-00260-00064576-00064888 the internet term life hacking related
+ApdNKqmKffg-00261-00064889-00065130 to jury rigging ie sloppy unlikely mods
+ApdNKqmKffg-00262-00065131-00065231 DIY elect
+ApdNKqmKffg-00263-00065232-00065484 monix like little bits DIY science using
+ApdNKqmKffg-00264-00065485-00065666 open-source hardware to make scientific
+ApdNKqmKffg-00265-00065667-00065897 equipment to conduct citizen science or
+ApdNKqmKffg-00266-00065898-00066080 simply low-cost traditional science
+ApdNKqmKffg-00267-00066081-00066287 using low-cost single board computers
+ApdNKqmKffg-00268-00066288-00066503 such as Arduino and Raspberry Pi as
+ApdNKqmKffg-00269-00066504-00066674 embedded systems with various
+ApdNKqmKffg-00270-00066675-00066953 applications DIY bio DIY as a subculture
+ApdNKqmKffg-00271-00066954-00067122 could be said to have begun with the
+ApdNKqmKffg-00272-00067123-00067463 punk movement of the 1970s instead of
+ApdNKqmKffg-00273-00067464-00067637 traditional means of bands reaching
+ApdNKqmKffg-00274-00067638-00067809 their audiences through large music
+ApdNKqmKffg-00275-00067810-00067969 labels bands began recording
+ApdNKqmKffg-00276-00067970-00068184 manufacturing albums and merchandise
+ApdNKqmKffg-00277-00068185-00068381 booking their own tours and creating
+ApdNKqmKffg-00278-00068382-00068585 opportunities for smaller bands to get
+ApdNKqmKffg-00279-00068586-00068774 wider recognition and gain cult status
+ApdNKqmKffg-00280-00068775-00069026 through repetitive low-cost DIY touring
+ApdNKqmKffg-00281-00069027-00069285 the burgeoning zine movement took up
+ApdNKqmKffg-00282-00069286-00069431 coverage of and promotion of the
+ApdNKqmKffg-00283-00069432-00069575 underground punk scenes and
+ApdNKqmKffg-00284-00069576-00069755 significantly altered the way fans
+ApdNKqmKffg-00285-00069756-00070079 interacted with musicians scenes quickly
+ApdNKqmKffg-00286-00070080-00070274 branched off from being handmade music
+ApdNKqmKffg-00287-00070275-00070481 magazines to become more personal they
+ApdNKqmKffg-00288-00070482-00070673 quickly became one of the youth cultures
+ApdNKqmKffg-00289-00070674-00070971 gateways to DIY culture this led to
+ApdNKqmKffg-00290-00070972-00071204 tutorial zine showing others how to make
+ApdNKqmKffg-00291-00071205-00071453 their own shirts posters jeans books
+ApdNKqmKffg-00292-00071454-00072123 food etc equals equals see also
+AVZtoX0wf64-00000-00000162-00000587 what a thrill
+AVZtoX0wf64-00001-00000588-00000947 with darkness and silence through the
+AVZtoX0wf64-00002-00000948-00001229 night
+AVZtoX0wf64-00003-00001230-00001643 what a thrill
+AVZtoX0wf64-00004-00001644-00002287 I'm searching and I'll melt into you
+AVZtoX0wf64-00005-00002288-00002939 what a fear in my heart but you're so
+AVZtoX0wf64-00006-00002940-00003089 Supreme
+AVZtoX0wf64-00007-00003090-00003496 foreign
+AVZtoX0wf64-00009-00007397-00008311 thank you
+AVZtoX0wf64-00010-00008312-00009022 [Music]
+AVZtoX0wf64-00011-00009023-00011196 [Music]
+AVZtoX0wf64-00012-00011197-00011917 [Music]
+AVZtoX0wf64-00013-00011918-00012060 thank you
+AVZtoX0wf64-00014-00012061-00013138 [Music]
+AVZtoX0wf64-00015-00013138-00015085 [Music]
+AVZtoX0wf64-00016-00015086-00015577 thank you
+AVZtoX0wf64-00017-00015578-00016144 no no no no no no no no
+AVZtoX0wf64-00018-00016145-00016207 no
+AVZtoX0wf64-00019-00016208-00016391 no
+AVZtoX0wf64-00020-00016392-00017275 ah
+AVZtoX0wf64-00021-00017276-00018047 someday you go through the rain rain
+AVZtoX0wf64-00022-00018048-00018793 and someday you feed on a tree frog
+AVZtoX0wf64-00023-00018794-00019304 it's ordeal the trial to survive
+AVZtoX0wf64-00024-00019305-00019505 [Applause]
+AVZtoX0wf64-00025-00019506-00020426 for the day
+AVZtoX0wf64-00026-00020427-00021109 [Music]
+AVZtoX0wf64-00027-00021110-00021972 [Music]
+AVZtoX0wf64-00028-00021973-00022286 [Applause]
+AVZtoX0wf64-00029-00022287-00022530 [Music]
+AVZtoX0wf64-00030-00022531-00023097 it's the way
+AVZtoX0wf64-00031-00023098-00023922 [Music]
+AVZtoX0wf64-00032-00023923-00024774 [Music]
+AVZtoX0wf64-00033-00024775-00025469 [Music]
+AVZtoX0wf64-00034-00025470-00025961 okay
+AVZtoX0wf64-00035-00025962-00028261 [Music]
+AVZtoX0wf64-00036-00028262-00029108 [Music]
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00000-00000057-00000281 the Centennial light is the world's
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00001-00000282-00000451 longest lasting lightbulb
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00002-00000453-00000724 burning since 1901 and almost never
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00003-00000725-00001172 switched off it is at 4550 East Avenue
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00004-00001173-00001436 Livermore California and maintained by
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00005-00001437-00001673 the Livermore Pleasanton Fire Department
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00006-00001673-00001976 due to its longevity the bulb has been
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00007-00001977-00002129 noted by the Guinness Book of World
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00008-00002130-00002390 Records Ripley's Believe It or Not in
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00009-00002391-00003017 General Electric
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00010-00003018-00003534 topic history
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00011-00003535-00003811 the Centennial light was originally a 30
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00012-00003811-00004125 watt or 60 watt bulb but is now very dim
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00013-00004126-00004345 emitting about the same light as a 4
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00014-00004346-00004653 watt nightlight the hand-blown carbon
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00015-00004654-00004821 filament common light bulb was
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00016-00004822-00005079 manufactured in Shelby Ohio by the
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00017-00005080-00005271 Shelby Electric Company in the late
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00018-00005272-00005586 1890s many just like it still exist and
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00019-00005587-00005853 can be found functioning according to
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00020-00005854-00006111 Zilpha Bernal Beck the bulb was donated
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00021-00006112-00006297 to the fire department by her father
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00022-00006298-00006730 Dennis Bernal in 1901 Bernal owned the
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00023-00006731-00006943 Livermore Power and Water Company and
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00024-00006944-00007110 donated the bulb to the fire station
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00025-00007111-00007464 when he sold the company that story has
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00026-00007465-00007693 been supported by firefighter volunteers
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00027-00007694-00007918 of that era evidence suggests that the
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00028-00007919-00008124 bulb has hung in at least four locations
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00029-00008125-00008524 it was originally hung in 1901 in a hose
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00030-00008525-00008769 cart house on L Street then moved to a
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00031-00008770-00009037 garage in downtown Livermore used by the
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00032-00009038-00009355 fire and police department when the fire
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00033-00009356-00009588 department consolidated it was moved
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00034-00009589-00009823 again to a newly constructed city hall
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00035-00009824-00010161 that housed the unified department it's
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00036-00010162-00010449 unusual longevity was first noticed in
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00037-00010450-00010840 1972 by reporter Mike Dunstan after
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00038-00010841-00011025 weeks of interviewing people who had
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00039-00011026-00011230 lived in Livermore all their lives
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00040-00011231-00011502 he wrote light bulb may be world's
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00041-00011503-00011743 oldest published in the Tri Valley
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00042-00011744-00012036 Herald Dunstan contacted the Guinness
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00043-00012037-00012241 Book of World Records Ripley's Believe
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00044-00012242-00012489 It or Not and General Electric who all
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00045-00012490-00012724 confirmed it as the longest lasting bulb
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00046-00012725-00013044 known in existence the article came to
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00047-00013045-00013246 the attention of Charles Kuralt of the
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00048-00013247-00013558 CBS TV program on the road with Charles
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00049-00013559-00013701 Kuralt
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00050-00013702-00014055 in 1976 the fire department moved to
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00051-00014056-00014301 fire station number 6 with the bull the
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00052-00014302-00014529 bulb sockets cord was severed for fear
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00053-00014530-00014760 that unscrewing the bulb could damage it
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00054-00014761-00015041 it was deprived of electricity for only
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00055-00015043-00015315 22 minutes during the transfer which was
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00056-00015316-00015534 made in a specially designed box and
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00057-00015535-00015766 with full fire truck escort an
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00058-00015768-00016029 electrician was on hand to install the
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00059-00016030-00016215 bulb into the new fire stations
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00060-00016216-00016545 emergency generator Ripley's Believe It
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00061-00016546-00016755 or Not stated that the short delay would
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00062-00016756-00016983 not Mar the bulbs continuous burning
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00063-00016984-00017301 record since that move the bulb has run
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00064-00017302-00017490 continuously on an in interruptive
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00065-00017491-00017709 empower supply previously it had only
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00066-00017710-00017934 been off the grid for short periods of
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00067-00017935-00018282 time eg a week in 1937 for a renovation
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00068-00018283-00018672 and the odd power outage in 2001 the
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00069-00018673-00018930 bulbs 100th birthday was celebrated with
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00070-00018931-00019155 a community barbecue and live music on
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00071-00019156-00019470 the evening of May 20th 2013 the general
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00072-00019471-00019647 public witnessed through a dedicated
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00073-00019648-00019839 webcam that the bulb had apparently
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00074-00019840-00020124 burned out the next morning an
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00075-00020125-00020361 electrician was called in to confirm its
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00076-00020362-00020646 status it was determined that the bulb
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00077-00020647-00020853 had not burned out when the dedicated
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00078-00020854-00021084 power supply was bypassed using an
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00079-00021085-00021396 extension cord the power supply was
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00080-00021397-00021663 found to have been faulty approximately
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00081-00021664-00021888 seven hours had transpired before the
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00082-00021889-00022158 light was reestablished after being real
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00083-00022159-00022353 it the bulb burned at close to its
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00084-00022354-00022530 original brightness for several hours
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00085-00022531-00022776 before dimming again the bulb is cared
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00086-00022777-00022947 for by the Centennial light bulb
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00087-00022948-00023142 committee a partnership of the Livermore
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00088-00023143-00023355 Pleasanton Fire Department Livermore
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00089-00023356-00023538 heritage guild Lawrence Livermore
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00090-00023539-00023781 National Laboratories and Sandia
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00091-00023782-00024054 National Laboratories the Livermore
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00092-00024055-00024288 Pleasanton Fire Department plans to
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00093-00024289-00024489 house and maintain the bulb for the rest
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00094-00024490-00024792 of its life regardless of length when it
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00095-00024793-00025020 does go out they have no plans for it
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00096-00025021-00025227 although Ripley's Believe It or Not has
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00097-00025228-00025533 requested it for their museum the bulbs
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00098-00025534-00025758 long life has been attributed to its low
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00099-00025758-00026009 power nearly continuous operation and
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00100-00026010-00026701 dedicated power supply
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00101-00026702-00027235 topic publicity
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00102-00027236-00027471 the bulb was officially listed in the
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00103-00027472-00027685 Guinness Book of World Records as the
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00104-00027686-00028083 most durable light in 1972
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00105-00028084-00028293 replacing another bulb in Fort Worth
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00106-00028294-00028599 Texas the bulb was listed in the book
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00107-00028600-00028920 for the next 16 editions it was not
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00108-00028921-00029254 listed during 1988 to 2006 without a
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00109-00029255-00029495 reason being given before returning in
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00110-00029496-00029848 2007 the 2010 French Spanish documentary
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00111-00029849-00030076 the light bulb conspiracy discussing
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00112-00030077-00030295 themes of planned obsolescence refers to
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00113-00030295-00030480 the Centennial light extensively
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00114-00030481-00030720 according to the fire chief every few
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00115-00030721-00030892 months a news outlet will publish a
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00116-00030893-00031132 story on the bulb generating visitors
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00117-00031133-00031342 and general interest then it will drop
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00118-00031343-00031680 back into obscurity for a while dozens
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00119-00031681-00031873 of magazines and newspapers have
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00120-00031874-00032115 featured articles on the bulb the bulb
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00121-00032116-00032332 has been visited and featured by many
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00122-00032333-00032560 major news channels in the United States
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00123-00032561-00033221 including NBC ABC Fox CBS WB CNN and NPR
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00124-00033222-00033468 the bulb has received letters
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00125-00033469-00033639 acknowledging and celebrating its
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00126-00033640-00033868 longevity from the city of Shelby Ohio
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00127-00033869-00034101 the Alameda County Board of Supervisors
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00128-00034102-00034380 the California State Assembly the
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00129-00034381-00034530 California State Senate
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00130-00034531-00034740 congresswoman Ellen Tauscher Senator
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00131-00034741-00034960 Barbara Boxer and president george w
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00132-00034961-00035277 bush the bulb was featured on an episode
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00133-00035278-00035637 of Mythbusters on December 13 2006 in
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00134-00035638-00035905 the PBS documentary Livermore in an
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00135-00035906-00036195 episode of 99% invisible in the web
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00136-00036196-00036610 series 17700 76 and in a brief mention
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00137-00036611-00036910 on warehouse 13 in the season 1 episode
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00138-00036911-00037539 regrets
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00139-00037540-00038087 topic see also
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00140-00038088-00038548 Adolphe Alexander chalid eternal flame
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00141-00038549-00038921 longest lasting light bulbs Phoebus
+AXCdIuG3Oh0-00142-00038922-00039125 cartel
+AYVIjHHj_Ec-00000-00000195-00000528 hi my name is Lisette Lizardi I'm one of
+AYVIjHHj_Ec-00001-00000529-00000776 the recipients of the 2019 directors
+AYVIjHHj_Ec-00002-00000777-00001035 scholarship of excellence and I wanted
+AYVIjHHj_Ec-00003-00001036-00001371 to thank dr. Hirsch dr. Stenstrom the
+AYVIjHHj_Ec-00004-00001372-00001634 entire School of Information faculty and
+AYVIjHHj_Ec-00005-00001635-00001872 the entire awards and scholarship
+AYVIjHHj_Ec-00006-00001873-00002070 committee for making the scholarship
+AYVIjHHj_Ec-00007-00002071-00002331 possible I want to pursue a masters in
+AYVIjHHj_Ec-00008-00002332-00002559 Library and Information science because
+AYVIjHHj_Ec-00009-00002560-00002835 growing up I was able to experience how
+AYVIjHHj_Ec-00010-00002836-00003231 powerful the services the resources and
+AYVIjHHj_Ec-00011-00003232-00003477 the books at the libraries can be and
+AYVIjHHj_Ec-00012-00003478-00003726 now that I'm an adult I can see how
+AYVIjHHj_Ec-00013-00003727-00004020 powerful public libraries are and how
+AYVIjHHj_Ec-00014-00004021-00004134 important they are
+AYVIjHHj_Ec-00015-00004135-00004418 especially to low-income and underserved
+AYVIjHHj_Ec-00016-00004419-00004800 populations which is why in the MLIS I
+AYVIjHHj_Ec-00017-00004801-00004953 would like to focus in public
+AYVIjHHj_Ec-00018-00004954-00005265 librarianship this scholarship is going
+AYVIjHHj_Ec-00019-00005266-00005460 to make it possible for me to finally
+AYVIjHHj_Ec-00020-00005461-00005754 begin on this journey so I wanted to
+AYVIjHHj_Ec-00021-00005755-00005967 thank everyone who made this scholarship
+AYVIjHHj_Ec-00022-00005968-00006203 possible
+AcgXypwUTD0-00000-00000054-00000311 the grande pre-scientific de la
+AcgXypwUTD0-00001-00000312-00000532 foundation Lefou Lyndell åland
+AcgXypwUTD0-00002-00000533-00000795 scientific grand prize of the Lefou
+AcgXypwUTD0-00003-00000796-00001052 Lyndell Elan Foundation is an award
+AcgXypwUTD0-00004-00001053-00001310 conferred annually by the Lefou Lyndell
+AcgXypwUTD0-00005-00001311-00001551 Elan foundation at the institut de
+AcgXypwUTD0-00006-00001552-00001884 france it is awarded in the areas of
+AcgXypwUTD0-00007-00001885-00002099 medical science particularly
+AcgXypwUTD0-00008-00002100-00002451 cardiovascular science each year the
+AcgXypwUTD0-00009-00002452-00002724 prize has a different theme the award
+AcgXypwUTD0-00010-00002725-00003506 has a 500 thousand euros prize
+AcgXypwUTD0-00011-00003507-00004059 topic laureates
+AcgXypwUTD0-00012-00004060-00004693 winners of the prize are
+AcgXypwUTD0-00013-00004694-00005368 topic external links
+AcgXypwUTD0-00014-00005369-00005779 HTTP colon slash slash la foolin - della
+AcgXypwUTD0-00015-00005780-00006452 LAN Institute - - France Fr
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00000-00000236-00000580 hello I just wanted to add an extra
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00001-00000581-00000866 piece of information in regards to using
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00002-00000867-00001172 selections and tools in this particular
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00003-00001173-00001445 picture a student got this picture and
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00004-00001446-00001639 said hey I want to cut out this bicycle
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00005-00001641-00001882 and this bicycle will be really good
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00006-00001884-00002350 look for my project and the picture
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00007-00002351-00002615 looks good but notice on the bottom left
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00008-00002616-00002797 this picture is at a hundred percent
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00009-00002798-00003116 this picture is tiny it's a hundred and
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00010-00003117-00003485 forty seven point four K which is very
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00011-00003486-00003752 small it doesn't have a lot of data so
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00012-00003753-00004015 here's the obstacle we going to have if
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00013-00004017-00004411 we take cut out this bicycles and we put
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00014-00004412-00004691 them on the bigger picture it's going to
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00015-00004692-00005131 look very distorted look we zoom in to
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00016-00005132-00005366 almost 400 percent look hard distorted
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00017-00005367-00005606 the picture it is it's not a high
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00018-00005607-00005858 quality picture but let's say we want to
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00019-00005859-00006170 use it when you are working with a less
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00020-00006171-00006457 than high quality picture it's going to
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00021-00006458-00006685 be more difficult to select let's go
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00022-00006686-00006866 ahead and select a bicycle that we have
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00023-00006867-00007070 right here and we're going to use
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00024-00007070-00007285 various tools because it's going to be
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00025-00007286-00007433 really difficult to select this
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00026-00007434-00007634 particular bicycle because you're
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00027-00007634-00007873 working on the pixel level so what I'm
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00028-00007875-00008374 going to do is I'm going to use let's
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00029-00008375-00008519 see what I'm going to use I'm gonna use
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00030-00008520-00008807 a quick select brush to see what I can
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00031-00008808-00009173 select really quickly right from the
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00032-00009174-00009539 bicycle notice I'm selecting it really
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00033-00009540-00009776 quickly and this is the best I can
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00034-00009777-00010124 select right now but let's go ahead and
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00035-00010125-00010331 modify the selection a little bit by
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00036-00010332-00010652 zooming in notice how when we zoom in we
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00037-00010653-00010924 are working on the pixel level because
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00038-00010925-00011281 it's not really a sharp image so we have
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00039-00011282-00011492 to do a lot of work we have to do a lot
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00040-00011493-00011783 of manipulation and the picture won't be
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00041-00011784-00012045 perfect but at least will be a selection
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00042-00012046-00012266 so right now I just did a rough
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00043-00012267-00012752 selection using using the tools that I
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00044-00012753-00013197 have right now which is the
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00045-00013197-00013625 select brush tool see how it's gonna be
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00046-00013626-00013902 actually jumping around I'm trying to
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00047-00013903-00014078 select the best I can
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00048-00014079-00014424 now I'm also going to subtract some
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00049-00014425-00014597 areas that I don't need that
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00050-00014598-00014861 accidentally got selected that you see
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00051-00014862-00015236 right here and I'm going to try to also
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00052-00015237-00015525 select use different selections like the
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00053-00015526-00015894 elliptical tool do we select the tire so
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00054-00015894-00016263 I'm going to go ahead I'm going to add
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00055-00016263-00016572 to selection and I'm gonna create this
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00056-00016573-00016944 little tire because I want to have a
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00057-00016945-00017925 perfect circle as much as I can and I'm
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00058-00017926-00018221 going to subtract from the selection as
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00059-00018222-00018603 well so let me go ahead and do the
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00060-00018604-00019712 subtraction from the selection there we
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00061-00019713-00020511 go I also need to subtract the shadow
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00062-00020512-00020730 from the selection so let me go back to
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00063-00020731-00021233 a quick selection bar and subtract this
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00064-00021234-00021471 hopefully it won't subtract too much or
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00065-00021472-00021717 will the work I did and of course it
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00066-00021718-00021972 does because it is a low-quality picture
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00067-00021973-00022383 very low-quality picture see what I have
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00068-00022384-00022544 to deal with so let me go back to the
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00069-00022545-00022974 elliptical tool and add to the selection
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00070-00022975-00023819 again have to redo this bite there we go
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00071-00023820-00024128 and I'm adding to the selection and then
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00072-00024129-00024252 I'm going to subtract through the
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00073-00024253-00024500 selection as well because I need the
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00074-00024501-00024719 middle of the tyre to be subtracted
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00075-00024720-00025025 right so I'm going to subtract from the
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00076-00025026-00026080 selection right there just like that
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00077-00026081-00026545 right and I'm gonna add using the
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00078-00026547-00026762 selection tools see what I'm doing I'm
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00079-00026763-00027080 just going back and forth and adding
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00080-00027081-00028304 subtracting to the selection to get the
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00081-00028305-00028831 selection that I'm actually going for
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00082-00028832-00029411 see that add a little bit to this this
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00083-00029412-00029739 selection the green cook the green hue
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00084-00029741-00030038 there we go so now let's go ahead and
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00085-00030039-00030404 work with the front of the tire in much
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00086-00030405-00030664 the same way I'm going to subtract from
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00087-00030666-00030739 the selection
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00088-00030741-00031457 all of this collars and I'm done I'm
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00089-00031458-00031627 going to use the elliptical tool and I'm
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00090-00031629-00032489 going to add to the selection
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00091-00032489-00032822 I'm basically trying to encompass the
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00092-00032823-00033440 entire tire I think that looks good
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00093-00033441-00033637 right there and I'm done I'm gonna go
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00094-00033638-00033899 ahead and subtract from the selection
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00095-00033900-00035084 the internal tire and that's going to
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00096-00035085-00035261 give me this nice little edge that I'm
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00097-00035262-00035846 looking for it's not perfect but it's
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00098-00035847-00036175 gonna be better than what it could be
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00099-00036176-00036536 now I need to select some of these other
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00100-00036537-00036827 aspects so let me go ahead go back to
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00101-00036828-00037343 the quick quick selection brush and I'm
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00102-00037344-00037865 going to go ahead and add I'm gonna what
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00103-00037866-00038090 I did is create a new selection by
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00104-00038091-00038504 accident I'm gonna add this part right
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00105-00038505-00038987 here I'm going to subtract this space
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00106-00038988-00039542 right here I'm gonna add the human back
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00107-00039543-00039944 in it's a very tedious process as you
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00108-00039945-00040289 can see now there's gonna be a lot of
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00109-00040290-00040454 things that I need to do right into this
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00110-00040455-00040793 wheel wells so I'm going to go ahead and
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00111-00040794-00041959 create add this real quick subtract
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00112-00041960-00042371 some areas I just wanted to add the
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00113-00042372-00042691 person's feet and notice what happened
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00114-00042692-00043349 home I just I've got added in yeah we
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00115-00043350-00043754 got subtract this little area that kind
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00116-00043755-00043985 of looks funky oh that's actually part
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00117-00043986-00044213 of his feet so let's go ahead and add it
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00118-00044214-00045125 back in notice it takes patience to make
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00119-00045126-00045299 a good selection it doesn't just
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00120-00045300-00045908 automatically happen and now I think I'm
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00121-00045909-00046112 a little bit done so let me go ahead and
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00122-00046113-00046592 do layer new via cought oh my let's just
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00123-00046593-00046795 do it like a copy let's do it like a cot
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00124-00046796-00047093 and let's see what we have
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00125-00047094-00047432 see this is what we have we need to use
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00126-00047433-00047759 the eraser tool to delete some of these
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00127-00047760-00048047 areas maybe right in the middle right
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00128-00048048-00048514 here we definitely need to delete
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00129-00048515-00048875 between the person's legs so we can see
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00130-00048876-00049166 through it and notice it is a very bad
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00131-00049167-00049727 looking selection so now the other thing
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00132-00049728-00049931 we're gonna need I'm gonna make a
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00133-00049932-00050162 selection let me see what toy I'm gonna
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00134-00050163-00050627 use I'm going to use let me do a quick
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00135-00050628-00050834 select tool I'm just gonna select this
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00136-00050835-00051446 area right here this tool is not working
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00137-00051447-00051614 very well let's see if I can use a
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00138-00051615-00051926 different tool let me use a rectangle
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00139-00051927-00052289 tool I'm gonna select this area right
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00140-00052290-00052787 here and I'm gonna select this area
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00141-00052788-00053165 right here right so I'm doing two
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00142-00053166-00053339 selections I'm doing a selection right
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00143-00053340-00053669 here for the wheel hub and I'm doing the
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00144-00053670-00053840 selection right here for the rear wheel
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00145-00053841-00054544 hub and I'm gonna go selection let's see
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00146-00054545-00055080 this layer new via cut
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00147-00055081-00055449 and I'm gonna go ahead and look at this
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00148-00055450-00055767 I'm gonna take an eraser now I'm using
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00149-00055768-00056073 unviewable layer layer 1 and layer 2 now
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00150-00056074-00056409 I'm gonna take an eraser and I'm just
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00151-00056410-00056601 going to erase some of the stuff that I
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00152-00056602-00058082 don't want notice on working with pixels
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00153-00058083-00058368 you kind of don't like that I kind of
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00154-00058369-00058617 made a mistake so I'm gonna go back I'm
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00155-00058618-00059082 gonna take this out I'm gonna take this
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00156-00059083-00059580 out I'm basically I'm basically drawing
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00157-00059581-00060072 the bike's frame so we here I'm gonna
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00158-00060073-00060341 follow these lines going to delete a
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00159-00060342-00060737 couple of spokes
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00160-00060738-00061125 I'm just deleting little pixels to make
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00161-00061126-00061449 this image a little bit better not by
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00162-00061450-00062692 much
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00163-00062694-00062928 okay let's see what happens
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00164-00062929-00063683 zoom out and there's your bike selection
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00165-00063684-00063954 don't like this area right here so I'm
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00166-00063954-00064134 going to go ahead and use a healing
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00167-00064135-00064536 brush I'm gonna select this is a donor
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00168-00064537-00064722 area and I'm just going to connect this
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00169-00064723-00065195 area right here use the healing brush
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00170-00065196-00065597 select some of the area right here
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00171-00065598-00065934 actually don't like it I'm gonna go
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00172-00065935-00066192 ahead back to the erasing tool and get
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00173-00066193-00067857 rid of this part right here gonna zoom
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00174-00067858-00068055 in something's going on with the feet
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00175-00068056-00068325 which I'm not really particularly happy
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00176-00068326-00068631 with so I'm going to go ahead and delete
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00177-00068632-00068865 some of the areas that I feel that I'm
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00178-00068866-00069378 not happy with with the feet right and
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00179-00069379-00069851 just like that the image comes to being
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00180-00069852-00070215 okay so there's my image and it's not
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00181-00070216-00070449 really good so it takes two images to
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00182-00070450-00070593 make it together so I'm gonna go ahead
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00183-00070594-00070881 and at this moment merged layer one and
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00184-00070882-00071052 they're two together notice everything
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00185-00071053-00071319 is visible and I'm gonna go ahead and
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00186-00071320-00071829 right-click and merge visible so now it
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00187-00071830-00072164 became one layer there's my person and
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00188-00072165-00072540 now I go back to 100% and see the
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00189-00072541-00072816 selection and there's my bicycle now the
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00190-00072817-00073056 reason I did so much work on it when you
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00191-00073057-00073242 take a different layer and let me go
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00192-00073243-00073634 ahead and put a different layer back in
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00193-00073635-00073965 you have a different layer now we can
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00194-00073966-00074426 take this bicycle and we can move him
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00195-00074427-00075093 and then crop if we want to crop this
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00196-00075094-00075429 other area
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00197-00075430-00075750 and now you see the bicycle overlapping
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00198-00075751-00076054 and you can see through the tires you
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00199-00076055-00076263 see what's happening it's actually more
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00200-00076264-00076650 realistic so people are kind of
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00201-00076651-00077094 three-dimensional for instance I'm gonna
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00202-00077095-00077319 leave them right here and see what the
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00203-00077320-00077617 effect we have one bicycle two bicycle
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00204-00077618-00077779 three bicycle and people looking at
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00205-00077780-00078201 something or you can put them behind but
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00206-00078202-00078505 in order to put them behind you will
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00207-00078506-00078867 need to select these bicycles and then
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00208-00078868-00079092 layer it accordingly so right now it's
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00209-00079093-00079321 easy to put them up front or right right
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00210-00079322-00079536 at the bottom like this if you want them
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00211-00079537-00079767 behind these people you've got to select
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00212-00079768-00080046 all the bicycle types and the people
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00213-00080047-00080331 create a new layer and put these
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00214-00080332-00080554 people's layers on top of this
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00215-00080555-00080700 individual remember we talked about
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00216-00080701-00081124 layers anyway when you have a higher
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00217-00081125-00081292 quality picture you can do a better
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00218-00081293-00081618 selection the bottom line is and when
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00219-00081619-00081906 you do a better selection your images
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00220-00081907-00082194 will look better okay that's about it
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00221-00082195-00082417 hopefully this was helpful to everybody
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00222-00082418-00082644 when they're doing the projects make
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00223-00082645-00083025 sure you select a high image or high
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00224-00083026-00083299 quality picture to work with you'll make
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00225-00083300-00083524 things a lot easier thank you very much
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00226-00083525-00083740 this is Professor parents' key and I'll
+AmFMk2P9LaI-00227-00083741-00084027 see you online
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00000-00000372-00000686 are you ready ready ready to lose heart
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00001-00000687-00001067 Virginia oh hey what's up you guys yes
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00002-00001068-00001214 we've done two of these videos in the
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00003-00001215-00001427 past I don't know why people keep asking
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00004-00001428-00001619 us to do them I mean I get it they're
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00005-00001620-00001820 silly they're funny I feel terrible the
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00006-00001821-00002012 entire time you're not even good at it I
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00007-00002013-00002183 laughed the whole time but like let's
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00008-00002184-00002363 maybe take a break from some beauty and
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00009-00002364-00002542 dog videos very sick just for one week
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00010-00002543-00002714 and we'll be back to it we got some hot
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00011-00002715-00002941 stuff cooking in the make up the fridge
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00012-00002942-00003179 no we don't win the makeup oven we don't
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00013-00003180-00003540 use e bake makeup easy make of it
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00014-00003542-00003781 I'm ready to feel immense amounts of
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00015-00003782-00003944 guilt for this you guys literally tweet
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00016-00003945-00004109 us every day for this video we call out
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00017-00004110-00004345 sick or you know we call in to places
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00018-00004346-00004547 that we don't work at and we just tell
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00019-00004548-00004679 them we can't come to work tomorrow and
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00020-00004680-00004916 give them a reason why I said that's it
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00021-00004917-00005510 about subway shake on subway yeah
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00022-00005511-00005945 hi this is tim i recently got hired at
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00023-00005946-00006141 this location I just wanted to call in
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00024-00006142-00006321 because I won't be able to make it
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00025-00006322-00006573 tomorrow my Fitbit thinks I should rest
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00026-00006573-00007010 and I'm I'm not gonna cross that I don't
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00027-00007011-00007173 think I should come in tomorrow so I'm
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00028-00007173-00007284 gonna need to get someone to cover for
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00029-00007284-00008295 me it's me Tim Tim with the Fitbit yes
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00030-00008296-00008679 hi hi um yes it's Tim we had a
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00031-00008680-00008888 conversation I'd like four thick bits on
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00032-00008889-00009071 at once and and one of them is just like
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00033-00009072-00009384 don't go to work I just want to listen
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00034-00009385-00010040 to thinks I should rest
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00035-00010041-00010795 [Music]
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00036-00010796-00011084 [Music]
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00037-00011085-00011280 all right yes I'd like to place an order
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00038-00011281-00012231 for take-out oh yeah I can't work
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00039-00012232-00012609 tomorrow my Fitbit TM thinks I should
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00040-00012610-00014375 rest you coulda just hung up you need to
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00041-00014376-00014580 make it go on that long I just want
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00042-00014581-00014712 everyone to understand that you
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00043-00014713-00014883 shouldn't take Fitbit recommendations
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00044-00014884-00015066 lightly if it says take days off of work
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00045-00015066-00015869 don't work it's not the worst advice
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00046-00015869-00016322 hi it's Erica um I just got hired the
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00047-00016324-00016659 other day and I got exciting news I'm I
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00048-00016660-00016896 might be getting a horse tomorrow so I'm
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00049-00016897-00017688 actually I got a no it's Erica yes and I
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00050-00017689-00018513 work there I do at oz no it's that one
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00051-00018514-00018705 it's it's the one you're at and I I just
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00052-00018706-00018894 I can't come to work tomorrow so I gotta
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00053-00018895-00019119 go meet my horse that I might get
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00054-00019120-00020076 tomorrow okay well I'm just I'm really
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00055-00020077-00020385 excited to meet my horse so I just
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00056-00020386-00020613 wanted to let you know but I don't know
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00057-00020614-00020772 if I'm gonna get him yet I might not
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00058-00020773-00021582 he's expensive I'm gonna cry my
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00059-00021583-00021858 eyelashes off I'm so bad at this I just
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00060-00021859-00022038 it started ringing and I started
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00061-00022039-00022916 laughing who are you calling it's a huh
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00062-00022917-00023219 hi this is Daniel um I actually it was
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00063-00023220-00023475 recently hired this pizza and I'm just
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00064-00023476-00023640 calling because tomorrow I'm gonna have
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00065-00023641-00023808 to take the day off of work because
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00066-00023809-00024030 tomorrow's the day that I'm gonna decide
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00067-00024031-00024594 if I want a piercing or not a piercing
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00068-00024595-00024722 it's gonna be my first one it's kind of
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00069-00024723-00024972 a big deal all my sisters have one they
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00070-00024973-00025143 think it's cool but I think tomorrow I'm
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00071-00025144-00025319 just gonna dedicate the entire day
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00072-00025320-00025554 morning to night time to make that
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00073-00025555-00025607 decision
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00074-00025608-00025958 hello what the heck dude it's a big day
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00075-00025960-00026562 for me hi this is um dan I was recently
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00076-00026563-00026702 hired as one of your employees and I'm
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00077-00026704-00026840 not gonna be able to make it in tomorrow
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00078-00026841-00027624 oh that's my middle name sorry my name's
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00079-00027625-00028208 Adam sorry that's also my marrow
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00080-00028210-00030297 it's Jeffrey my name is Jeffrey hey it's
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00081-00030298-00030432 Jessica
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00082-00030433-00030798 uh so tomorrow I can't come in to work
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00083-00030799-00031104 because unfortunately I was on this
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00084-00031105-00031314 quest right to become this hairless
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00085-00031314-00031806 goddess so sorry so I'm on a quest to
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00086-00031807-00032256 become a hairless goddess and I'm aired
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00087-00032257-00032613 my whole body and I have excruciating
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00088-00032614-00033258 rights everywhere so I can't go into
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00089-00033259-00034452 work tomorrow no I'm in there on the
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00090-00034453-00035653 floor I sell the lotions
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00091-00035654-00036802 [Laughter]
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00092-00036803-00037142 hi this is Daniel I worked there I was
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00093-00037143-00037337 hired a few weeks back I was wanting to
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00094-00037338-00037559 leave a note for the manager I won't be
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00095-00037560-00038198 able to make it in the mall it's a weird
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00096-00038199-00038585 situation ya know I work there but I
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00097-00038586-00038825 can't make it into work tomorrow it
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00098-00038826-00039395 seems that that's my middle name the
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00099-00039396-00039557 manager calls me by my middle name
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00100-00039558-00041108 that's why I said that she really really
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00101-00041109-00041486 did me with that male employees thing I
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00102-00041487-00042269 didn't have much Selena hey it's Jessica
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00103-00042270-00042476 I can't come in to work tomorrow I just
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00104-00042477-00042836 wanna let you know because I'm gonna
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00105-00042837-00043541 have to eat lunch yeah I mean you know
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00106-00043542-00043739 yeah I don't know how I'm supposed to
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00107-00043740-00043931 work like through the middle of the day
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00108-00043932-00044264 like I'm gonna eat food like I gotta be
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00109-00044265-00044555 home you know it just dawned on me like
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00110-00044556-00044918 we're just slaving away working all day
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00111-00044919-00045883 but like alright I gotta eat okay
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00112-00045884-00046546 Oh what did you just call a place called
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00113-00046547-00046968 perfect 10 we can answered immediately
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00114-00046969-00048517 hello do it I'll give a [__] do it hey
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00115-00048518-00048874 it's Jessica just I wanted to let you
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00116-00048875-00049012 know I'm not gonna be able to come into
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00117-00049013-00049294 work tomorrow because I'm on the path to
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00118-00049295-00049561 enlightenment and I am going to open my
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00119-00049562-00049966 third eye tomorrow
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00120-00049967-00050427 [Laughter]
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00121-00050428-00051382 I've been working there for years I work
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00122-00051383-00052229 every day from 1 p.m. to 2 p.m. I'm on
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00123-00052229-00052456 the path to enlightenment and I'm gonna
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00124-00052457-00053791 open my third eye yeah it's yes it's
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00125-00053792-00054042 Natalie
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00126-00054043-00055622 Jessica Natalie girl that works I'm
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00127-00055623-00055792 gonna get in trouble for Collier
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00128-00055793-00055937 you're calling these boutique shops that
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00129-00055938-00056111 have like three employees yeah that's
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00130-00056112-00056269 like where are you sir guys get Priene
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00131-00056270-00056788 called all the time hey it's Jessica um
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00132-00056789-00056996 actually I just wanted to let you know
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00133-00056997-00057161 I'm not be able to come into work
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00134-00057162-00057371 tomorrow because I've I've literally
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00135-00057372-00057643 been nine months pregnant for nine
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00136-00057644-00058338 months and tomorrow's of the day
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00137-00058339-00058719 no I I worked there and I'm a nail tech
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00138-00058720-00058996 and also I sleep sweet the floors and
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00139-00058997-00059284 I'm organized the nail polishes on
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00140-00059285-00059599 occasion but I'm having a baby tomorrow
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00141-00059600-00059887 that I've been keeping a secret from
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00142-00059888-00060721 everyone no I I'm calling my place of
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00143-00060722-00060961 employment a minute I'm gonna name them
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00144-00060962-00061444 very yeah
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00145-00061445-00062067 Barry's gonna be our mascot are you
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00146-00062069-00062301 excited for my baby I'll bring him in
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00147-00062302-00062524 he's gonna be cute and little
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00148-00062525-00064147 again squishing Jim hey it's Jessica
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00149-00064148-00064344 might be able to come into work tomorrow
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00150-00064345-00064494 and just want to let you know cuz I'm
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00151-00064495-00065094 gonna be trying out for American Idol no
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00152-00065095-00065344 I work there I'm auditioning tomorrow
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00153-00065345-00065554 it's the big day been practicing I'm
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00154-00065555-00065998 gonna sing September by Earth Wind a for
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00155-00065999-00066162 sure
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00156-00066163-00067453 yeah no Jessica and I'm gonna sing hi
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00157-00067454-00067684 this is Tim you recently hired me as a
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00158-00067685-00067926 busser and I'm just calling because I
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00159-00067927-00068131 can't make it to work tomorrow it turns
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00160-00068132-00068394 out I told my mom that I worked at a
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00161-00068395-00068706 Thai restaurant and she said quote it's
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00162-00068707-00070012 had time to stop yeah yeah but just it's
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00163-00070013-00070342 bad time to stop it is what is what they
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00164-00070343-00070476 said so if you could just relay that
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00165-00070477-00071566 message tim tym wrong with you
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00166-00071567-00071960 hey it's Jessica um I just wanted to let
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00167-00071961-00072101 you know that I can't come in to work
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00168-00072102-00072278 tomorrow because I actually have to do
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00169-00072279-00072557 my taxes so I'm gonna be doing my own
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00170-00072558-00073187 taxes instead of other PS yeah yeah no I
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00171-00073188-00073448 mean I'm gonna be doing my taxes all day
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00172-00073449-00074753 tomorrow so can't come in no I work
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00173-00074754-00075107 there and I can't come in to work
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00174-00075108-00075332 because I'm gonna be crunching the
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00175-00075333-00075632 numbers
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00176-00075633-00075872 [Music]
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00177-00075873-00076478 I guess just uh I'll see you the day
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00178-00076479-00077141 after tomorrow yeah you know no no no no
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00179-00077142-00077444 I'll be in to work on Friday but not
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00180-00077445-00077666 tomorrow because I'm gonna be doing the
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00182-00081000-00082052 I do uh I do the taxes okay yeah I just
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00183-00082053-00082331 wanted to I want to make sure the you
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00184-00082332-00083504 were having a good day yeah yeah yes
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00185-00083505-00084138 Jessica
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00186-00084139-00084754 all right thanks so much thank you you
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00187-00084755-00085192 too oh I'm gonna cry that's so sweet
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00188-00085193-00085756 thanks I hope the same for you okay talk
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00189-00085757-00086215 to you later
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00190-00086216-00086479 we we can't do this anymore
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00191-00086480-00087142 this is she was so sweet she was an
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00192-00087143-00087406 angel like when did HR plox they're
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00193-00087407-00088166 hiring angels there's no customer
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00194-00088167-00088318 service in any company that I've seen
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00195-00088319-00088634 that is that nice she must like your job
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00196-00088635-00088693 a lot
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00197-00088694-00089009 yeah this video is incredibly juvenile
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00198-00089010-00089240 it's not gonna help you with your life
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00199-00089241-00089512 in any way but you guys continue to
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00200-00089513-00089698 request this and for the most part
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00201-00089699-00089875 people are very good sports and that's
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00202-00089876-00090016 out to our lady information our block
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00203-00090017-00090298 she is such a queen she is my queen I
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00204-00090299-00090635 want her to be on the podcast which I
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00205-00090636-00090850 really wish maybe we could we could find
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00206-00090851-00091024 her and have her Skype in for a second
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00207-00091025-00091288 that's Daniel
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00208-00091289-00091681 tuning out had time to stop you're not
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00209-00091682-00091891 forgiven for that you're never forgiven
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00210-00091892-00092113 over time time heals all are we having
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00211-00092114-00092266 that for dinner tonight heels hurt to
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00212-00092267-00092953 Walken yeah yes correct
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00213-00092954-00093391 please leave could you please leave it's
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00214-00093392-00093584 the Cinderella back story this week on
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00215-00093585-00093847 the book club it's about the day that
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00216-00093848-00094123 Cinderella planned our luncheon outside
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00217-00094124-00094334 but it rained and then I had to cancel
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00218-00094335-00094615 the whole [__] thing
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00219-00094616-00094885 and the book club starts this tune in
+AnT4Nd-uLB0-00220-00094886-00095260 next time on meerkat we'll be live
+BolcxROI5Ao-00000-00000000-00000145 I guess we can get started people
+BolcxROI5Ao-00001-00000146-00000248 probably trickle in the next few minutes
+BolcxROI5Ao-00002-00000249-00000488 or so before I get started just wanting
+BolcxROI5Ao-00003-00000488-00000688 to sort of see where you're at how many
+BolcxROI5Ao-00004-00000689-00001052 people have used migrations before a few
+BolcxROI5Ao-00005-00001053-00001274 okay if any of you want to come up here
+BolcxROI5Ao-00006-00001275-00001487 and talk with me you're welcome to have
+BolcxROI5Ao-00007-00001488-00001973 any of you use Flyway before no I don't
+BolcxROI5Ao-00008-00001973-00002120 think so well that's good at least I
+BolcxROI5Ao-00009-00002121-00002339 know it's something more than people in
+BolcxROI5Ao-00010-00002340-00002575 this room have how many people have
+BolcxROI5Ao-00011-00002576-00003032 heard of migrations before okay half a
+BolcxROI5Ao-00012-00003033-00003304 sure so that's good that's good ok so
+BolcxROI5Ao-00013-00003305-00003602 anyway my name is Jeremy Smith this talk
+BolcxROI5Ao-00014-00003603-00003728 is about managing your schema can
+BolcxROI5Ao-00015-00003729-00004454 anybody hear me you hear ok ok and it to
+BolcxROI5Ao-00016-00004455-00004702 talk about using migrations first a
+BolcxROI5Ao-00017-00004703-00004943 little bit about me i'm a senior
+BolcxROI5Ao-00018-00004944-00005234 software engineer i'm sort of i'm about
+BolcxROI5Ao-00019-00005235-00005404 equal parts developer and DBA although
+BolcxROI5Ao-00020-00005405-00005704 my title and my lanyard bowls a software
+BolcxROI5Ao-00021-00005705-00006002 engineer so i guess i moved at least 51%
+BolcxROI5Ao-00022-00006003-00006227 software engineer my backgrounds
+BolcxROI5Ao-00023-00006228-00006403 actually in geoscience so used to travel
+BolcxROI5Ao-00024-00006404-00006529 around the world and put instruments and
+BolcxROI5Ao-00025-00006530-00006848 in remote places and and draw hands have
+BolcxROI5Ao-00026-00006848-00007058 fun stuff like that now i work from home
+BolcxROI5Ao-00027-00007059-00007321 and don't get out too much anymore maybe
+BolcxROI5Ao-00028-00007322-00007573 is migrations for about seven years and
+BolcxROI5Ao-00029-00007575-00007696 there's my contact information we need
+BolcxROI5Ao-00030-00007697-00007810 to contact me and these slides will be
+BolcxROI5Ao-00031-00007811-00008228 up on the on the schedule later so don't
+BolcxROI5Ao-00032-00008229-00008309 feel like you need to write everything
+BolcxROI5Ao-00033-00008310-00008521 down i work for a company called you nav
+BolcxROI5Ao-00034-00008522-00008842 co which is it's mostly funded by the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00035-00008843-00009121 National Science Foundation in NASA its
+BolcxROI5Ao-00036-00009122-00009349 nonprofits consortium of mostly
+BolcxROI5Ao-00037-00009350-00009628 universities and some institutions and
+BolcxROI5Ao-00038-00009629-00009910 our goal is to facilitate Geoscience
+BolcxROI5Ao-00039-00009911-00010078 research research and education
+BolcxROI5Ao-00040-00010079-00010295 someone's words a little bit loaded what
+BolcxROI5Ao-00041-00010296-00010438 it what it basically means is that we
+BolcxROI5Ao-00042-00010439-00010556 don't really do a lot of research
+BolcxROI5Ao-00043-00010557-00010921 ourselves but we facilitate other people
+BolcxROI5Ao-00044-00010922-00011177 doing research in Geoscience and one way
+BolcxROI5Ao-00045-00011178-00011560 we do that is by installing and
+BolcxROI5Ao-00046-00011561-00011792 maintaining an archiving data for large
+BolcxROI5Ao-00047-00011793-00012131 networks of geodetic instruments in this
+BolcxROI5Ao-00048-00012132-00012388 Kate this is a hyper Susan GPS monument
+BolcxROI5Ao-00049-00012389-00012581 that we have we have a couple thousand
+BolcxROI5Ao-00050-00012582-00012685 of these around the west coast and
+BolcxROI5Ao-00051-00012686-00013144 Alaska
+BolcxROI5Ao-00052-00013144-00013358 we've used postcards for about 10 years
+BolcxROI5Ao-00053-00013359-00013672 and we we store all kinds of stuff a lot
+BolcxROI5Ao-00054-00013674-00013930 of lots of time some time series data in
+BolcxROI5Ao-00055-00013931-00014119 there and then just monster stuff about
+BolcxROI5Ao-00056-00014120-00014285 our instruments we need to know it in a
+BolcxROI5Ao-00057-00014286-00014419 lot of detail about where instruments
+BolcxROI5Ao-00058-00014420-00014690 are and what what exactly is at each
+BolcxROI5Ao-00059-00014691-00014966 site and stuff like that you know our
+BolcxROI5Ao-00060-00014966-00015182 primary database is about 500 tables
+BolcxROI5Ao-00061-00015183-00015313 about 500 gigabytes which I'm sure it's
+BolcxROI5Ao-00062-00015315-00015463 a lot smaller than a lot of people have
+BolcxROI5Ao-00063-00015465-00015755 but probably bigger than some and a lot
+BolcxROI5Ao-00064-00015756-00015955 of tables probably probably a lot more
+BolcxROI5Ao-00065-00015956-00016193 tables and some people are used to this
+BolcxROI5Ao-00066-00016194-00016427 graphic is just from our Jeep
+BolcxROI5Ao-00067-00016428-00016721 high-precision GPS instruments which get
+BolcxROI5Ao-00068-00016722-00017000 petition about less than sub millimeter
+BolcxROI5Ao-00069-00017001-00017324 precision you can figure out plate
+BolcxROI5Ao-00070-00017325-00017447 tectonic motion that's one of the things
+BolcxROI5Ao-00071-00017448-00017786 we we we do that's one of our primary
+BolcxROI5Ao-00072-00017787-00017918 things is figuring out how the plates
+BolcxROI5Ao-00073-00017919-00018119 are moving around this is how the sort
+BolcxROI5Ao-00074-00018120-00018329 of the west coast of the u.s. is moving
+BolcxROI5Ao-00075-00018330-00018836 around so little outline of my talk
+BolcxROI5Ao-00076-00018837-00019091 today first why we should use migrations
+BolcxROI5Ao-00077-00019092-00019280 and then a bit of introduction to fly
+BolcxROI5Ao-00078-00019281-00019436 away in particular which is a particular
+BolcxROI5Ao-00079-00019437-00019703 migration tool and then how to use it
+BolcxROI5Ao-00080-00019704-00019862 and then some tips about writing
+BolcxROI5Ao-00081-00019863-00019972 effective migrations and if there's time
+BolcxROI5Ao-00082-00019973-00020072 at the end I like to talk about
+BolcxROI5Ao-00083-00020073-00020237 integrating it with with Jenkins which
+BolcxROI5Ao-00084-00020238-00020708 is a automatic build tool so first a
+BolcxROI5Ao-00085-00020709-00021137 little bit about the problem so I'm this
+BolcxROI5Ao-00086-00021138-00021547 is sort of a typical scenario in a place
+BolcxROI5Ao-00087-00021548-00021712 to develop software so you have your
+BolcxROI5Ao-00088-00021713-00021903 developers up there that's three guys
+BolcxROI5Ao-00089-00021904-00022190 and they each have their own development
+BolcxROI5Ao-00090-00022191-00022385 database probably on their laptop or you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00091-00022386-00022496 know maybe once a mother and boxed
+BolcxROI5Ao-00092-00022497-00022700 something like that which is probably a
+BolcxROI5Ao-00093-00022701-00022865 scaled-down version what's in production
+BolcxROI5Ao-00094-00022866-00022978 what much less data or something like
+BolcxROI5Ao-00095-00022979-00023153 that they're they're all developing
+BolcxROI5Ao-00096-00023154-00023264 software they might be developing the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00097-00023265-00023378 same thing might be developing something
+BolcxROI5Ao-00098-00023379-00023731 different but they're soft in order to
+BolcxROI5Ao-00099-00023732-00023921 implement their software they'll need to
+BolcxROI5Ao-00100-00023922-00024203 make changes to their their database and
+BolcxROI5Ao-00101-00024204-00024449 somehow those changes need to get into
+BolcxROI5Ao-00102-00024450-00024605 the continuous integration database and
+BolcxROI5Ao-00103-00024606-00024764 then out to the test database and then
+BolcxROI5Ao-00104-00024765-00024953 into the production databases eventually
+BolcxROI5Ao-00105-00024954-00025505 and there's also the problem of the hot
+BolcxROI5Ao-00106-00025506-00025769 fixes you know so you know the DBA
+BolcxROI5Ao-00107-00025770-00025982 decides oh there's some problem in the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00108-00025983-00026117 production database that we need to fix
+BolcxROI5Ao-00109-00026118-00026283 and so how do
+BolcxROI5Ao-00110-00026285-00026614 that fake trickle back up the system
+BolcxROI5Ao-00111-00026614-00027010 back into the development boxes so how
+BolcxROI5Ao-00112-00027011-00027133 do I keep the databases in sync with
+BolcxROI5Ao-00113-00027133-00027327 each other you know even if we're
+BolcxROI5Ao-00114-00027329-00027460 talking about we all sort of talking
+BolcxROI5Ao-00115-00027461-00027670 about the same database but well you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00116-00027670-00027772 know their development version their
+BolcxROI5Ao-00117-00027773-00027970 test version and things like that how do
+BolcxROI5Ao-00118-00027970-00028095 we synchronize the software releases
+BolcxROI5Ao-00119-00028097-00028498 with these database changes and how do
+BolcxROI5Ao-00120-00028499-00028642 we figure out what changes have been
+BolcxROI5Ao-00121-00028643-00028744 applied to each of these different
+BolcxROI5Ao-00122-00028745-00028966 databases you know we need to figure out
+BolcxROI5Ao-00123-00028967-00029110 that it has that hotfix been applied to
+BolcxROI5Ao-00124-00029111-00029269 our local development database or
+BolcxROI5Ao-00125-00029270-00029668 something like that and then another
+BolcxROI5Ao-00126-00029669-00029791 sort of related point is how do we
+BolcxROI5Ao-00127-00029792-00029911 create a new development or test
+BolcxROI5Ao-00128-00029912-00030079 database and I get a new developer on
+BolcxROI5Ao-00129-00030080-00030358 board he or she needs a laptop or she
+BolcxROI5Ao-00130-00030358-00030727 needs a box with with with a database on
+BolcxROI5Ao-00131-00030727-00031087 it I should say feel free to ask
+BolcxROI5Ao-00132-00031088-00031239 questions whenever this stuff is sort of
+BolcxROI5Ao-00133-00031241-00031411 background stuff but feel free to ask
+BolcxROI5Ao-00134-00031412-00031927 questions so I think a good answer to
+BolcxROI5Ao-00135-00031927-00032139 this is migrations which are simply
+BolcxROI5Ao-00136-00032139-00032518 version changes to your schema so every
+BolcxROI5Ao-00137-00032519-00032704 change you put in has a particular
+BolcxROI5Ao-00138-00032705-00032995 version I put up a really simple thing
+BolcxROI5Ao-00139-00032996-00033259 here subversion one your database you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00140-00033260-00033457 might to get to version one you'd create
+BolcxROI5Ao-00141-00033458-00033673 a table called users in version 2 you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00142-00033674-00033814 would alter that table somehow in
+BolcxROI5Ao-00143-00033815-00034015 version 3 you could add an index on it
+BolcxROI5Ao-00144-00034016-00034282 Russian for create another table or
+BolcxROI5Ao-00145-00034283-00034471 something like that so each of these
+BolcxROI5Ao-00146-00034472-00034708 changes has a particular version
+BolcxROI5Ao-00147-00034709-00035017 associated with it and what that does
+BolcxROI5Ao-00148-00035018-00035308 that versioning gives you some cool
+BolcxROI5Ao-00149-00035309-00035590 things it gives you that version will be
+BolcxROI5Ao-00150-00035591-00035752 stored somewhere in the database all the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00151-00035753-00036115 migration tools do that somehow and you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00152-00036116-00036367 can see the current version and when you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00153-00036368-00036472 can see the current version you know
+BolcxROI5Ao-00154-00036473-00036652 exactly what what's been applied to your
+BolcxROI5Ao-00155-00036653-00037039 database and it also gives you a clear
+BolcxROI5Ao-00156-00037040-00037375 upgrade path forward so if you are at if
+BolcxROI5Ao-00157-00037376-00037525 you're an empty database you know
+BolcxROI5Ao-00158-00037526-00037681 exactly how to get to version four if
+BolcxROI5Ao-00159-00037682-00037837 you're a person to you know it's
+BolcxROI5Ao-00160-00037838-00037966 happening how to get to version 3 or
+BolcxROI5Ao-00161-00037967-00038656 version 4 migrations are simply a little
+BolcxROI5Ao-00162-00038657-00038812 bits of code that should be kept in
+BolcxROI5Ao-00163-00038813-00039064 version control when you can keep your
+BolcxROI5Ao-00164-00039065-00039340 your your database changes in version
+BolcxROI5Ao-00165-00039341-00039471 control it gives you a lots of cool
+BolcxROI5Ao-00166-00039472-00039539 things
+BolcxROI5Ao-00167-00039540-00039668 you know you can go back and you can
+BolcxROI5Ao-00168-00039669-00039785 figure out what to blame when the hoping
+BolcxROI5Ao-00169-00039786-00040262 breaks or you can you can easily share
+BolcxROI5Ao-00170-00040263-00040394 your changes with the other developers
+BolcxROI5Ao-00171-00040395-00040704 on your team and the dbas and it also
+BolcxROI5Ao-00172-00040705-00040943 gives you integration with their
+BolcxROI5Ao-00173-00040944-00041135 building and your testing tools so when
+BolcxROI5Ao-00174-00041136-00041252 you check something in you can have your
+BolcxROI5Ao-00175-00041253-00041438 build tools automatically build stuff
+BolcxROI5Ao-00176-00041439-00042344 for you so the the particular migration
+BolcxROI5Ao-00177-00042345-00042620 tool that I like I've used I've e'l'ith
+BolcxROI5Ao-00178-00042621-00042737 my gray shin tools for about seven years
+BolcxROI5Ao-00179-00042738-00042958 and at first we sort of rolled our own
+BolcxROI5Ao-00180-00042959-00043250 and there there are a few others there's
+BolcxROI5Ao-00181-00043251-00043616 a ruby has one that's really popular I
+BolcxROI5Ao-00182-00043617-00043787 think it's called active record
+BolcxROI5Ao-00183-00043788-00044030 migration something like that sequel
+BolcxROI5Ao-00184-00044031-00044207 alchemy with python has one to you I
+BolcxROI5Ao-00185-00044208-00044456 forget that one there's some name which
+BolcxROI5Ao-00186-00044457-00044774 I forget but I happen to like fly away
+BolcxROI5Ao-00187-00044775-00044933 and overall these tools are fairly
+BolcxROI5Ao-00188-00044934-00045242 simple overall but the concept isn't
+BolcxROI5Ao-00189-00045243-00045566 isn't isn't groundbreaking but it's it's
+BolcxROI5Ao-00190-00045567-00045908 a they're useful tools I'm so fly aways
+BolcxROI5Ao-00191-00045909-00046058 a particular migration tool it's open
+BolcxROI5Ao-00192-00046059-00046238 source it's about five years old now
+BolcxROI5Ao-00193-00046239-00046591 it's cross-platform it'll work on
+BolcxROI5Ao-00194-00046592-00046958 Windows max and linux and stuff like
+BolcxROI5Ao-00195-00046959-00047351 that it's written in Java but you don't
+BolcxROI5Ao-00196-00047352-00047535 need to you don't need to know java at
+BolcxROI5Ao-00197-00047536-00047885 all to use it you can use java if you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00198-00047886-00048014 want to so it has a bunch of different
+BolcxROI5Ao-00199-00048015-00048275 interfaces to this tool the command line
+BolcxROI5Ao-00200-00048276-00048410 one which is the 1 i'll talk about
+BolcxROI5Ao-00201-00048411-00048788 mostly here simply you just type on the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00202-00048789-00048974 command line and it does your migrations
+BolcxROI5Ao-00203-00048975-00049148 for you and there's some other little
+BolcxROI5Ao-00204-00049149-00049373 tools it does but you can also plug into
+BolcxROI5Ao-00205-00049374-00049577 a java api or if you're building already
+BolcxROI5Ao-00206-00049578-00049802 with something like great ol or aunt or
+BolcxROI5Ao-00207-00049803-00050039 may even you can you can interface
+BolcxROI5Ao-00208-00050040-00050229 straight to fly away with that so that
+BolcxROI5Ao-00209-00050230-00050450 your bill does sort of all all together
+BolcxROI5Ao-00210-00050451-00050624 if you're if you're already using those
+BolcxROI5Ao-00211-00050625-00050897 tools it supports postgres and a bunch
+BolcxROI5Ao-00212-00050898-00051098 of other databases to i didn't list them
+BolcxROI5Ao-00213-00051099-00051224 all there but pretty much all the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00214-00051225-00051728 popular databases it will support
+BolcxROI5Ao-00215-00051729-00052158 so the command line part of Flyway this
+BolcxROI5Ao-00216-00052159-00052440 is for users who don't use the JVM or
+BolcxROI5Ao-00217-00052441-00052596 don't want to use the build tools like
+BolcxROI5Ao-00218-00052597-00053048 cradle or maven rant it can come with a
+BolcxROI5Ao-00219-00053049-00053337 JRE the Java Runtime environment it can
+BolcxROI5Ao-00220-00053338-00053763 come with that or you can use the system
+BolcxROI5Ao-00221-00053764-00054096 Java it's the one that's bundled with
+BolcxROI5Ao-00222-00054097-00054354 the Jerry is nice if your all-in-one
+BolcxROI5Ao-00223-00054354-00054528 platform you can just check the whole
+BolcxROI5Ao-00224-00054529-00054657 thing and subversion and then just use
+BolcxROI5Ao-00225-00054658-00054984 that if you're if you're not like I you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00226-00054985-00055113 know my development box is a mac and
+BolcxROI5Ao-00227-00055114-00055389 then I check into a linux server our
+BolcxROI5Ao-00228-00055390-00055557 bills are on a linux server so i just
+BolcxROI5Ao-00229-00055558-00055710 check in the flyway stuff you use a
+BolcxROI5Ao-00230-00055711-00055875 system java it's not that particular
+BolcxROI5Ao-00231-00055876-00056030 about stuff but it comes with all the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00232-00056032-00056379 libraries it needs to run so I just
+BolcxROI5Ao-00233-00056379-00056678 check in the bit of Flyway stuff there
+BolcxROI5Ao-00234-00056679-00057036 and then there's the links of great can
+BolcxROI5Ao-00235-00057037-00057459 get it from when you get it this is a
+BolcxROI5Ao-00236-00057460-00057771 basic directory structure of Flyway it's
+BolcxROI5Ao-00237-00057772-00057987 not too complicated basically there's
+BolcxROI5Ao-00238-00057988-00058200 the lib folder which is has the Java
+BolcxROI5Ao-00239-00058201-00058347 libraries you don't ever have to look in
+BolcxROI5Ao-00240-00058348-00058524 their configuration which has a
+BolcxROI5Ao-00241-00058525-00058749 configuration file I'll go into that a
+BolcxROI5Ao-00242-00058750-00059013 little bit more drivers it comes with
+BolcxROI5Ao-00243-00059014-00059216 jdbc drivers for a number of databases
+BolcxROI5Ao-00244-00059217-00059577 including postgres already and then
+BolcxROI5Ao-00245-00059578-00059715 you'll put your migrations neither the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00246-00059716-00059850 jars of the sequel folder i'll go into
+BolcxROI5Ao-00247-00059851-00060141 that a little bit more Jerry is there if
+BolcxROI5Ao-00248-00060141-00060222 you download the java runtime
+BolcxROI5Ao-00249-00060223-00060420 environment and then these are the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00250-00060421-00060716 actual executables flyweight command for
+BolcxROI5Ao-00251-00060717-00060915 windows or just fly way for everything
+BolcxROI5Ao-00252-00060916-00061253 else just a shell script which calls the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00253-00061254-00061833 java it'll call the java program that's
+BolcxROI5Ao-00254-00061834-00062139 in there somewhere
+BolcxROI5Ao-00255-00062140-00062415 so Flyway itself is very configurable
+BolcxROI5Ao-00256-00062416-00062610 but it has really good default so in
+BolcxROI5Ao-00257-00062611-00062745 practice you don't need to configure too
+BolcxROI5Ao-00258-00062746-00062907 much the main thing you need to
+BolcxROI5Ao-00259-00062908-00063102 configure is the connection parameter so
+BolcxROI5Ao-00260-00063103-00063357 you need to give it the JDBC URL and as
+BolcxROI5Ao-00261-00063358-00063513 examples inside the configuration file
+BolcxROI5Ao-00262-00063514-00063767 to help you figure that out so you know
+BolcxROI5Ao-00263-00063769-00064044 it'll be like jdbc going / / and then
+BolcxROI5Ao-00264-00064045-00064374 the path the hostname and things and the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00265-00064375-00064815 database you can set all the all of the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00266-00064816-00065064 configuration parameters in both the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00267-00065065-00065295 configuration file or the command line
+BolcxROI5Ao-00268-00065296-00065433 everything said in the command line will
+BolcxROI5Ao-00269-00065434-00065541 override anything set in the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00270-00065542-00065990 configuration file so that's useful if
+BolcxROI5Ao-00271-00065991-00066345 say I'm their number ways to do this but
+BolcxROI5Ao-00272-00066346-00066699 if you want to just leave it as a local
+BolcxROI5Ao-00273-00066700-00066873 host in your configuration file you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00274-00066874-00067068 could you could run your migrations
+BolcxROI5Ao-00275-00067069-00067227 there as a no local host then if you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00276-00067228-00067341 want to do production you could just
+BolcxROI5Ao-00277-00067342-00067602 over in the you're in the command line
+BolcxROI5Ao-00278-00067603-00067731 parameters you could change it to
+BolcxROI5Ao-00279-00067732-00068346 connect to production there so to
+BolcxROI5Ao-00280-00068347-00068579 actually create migrations and fly away
+BolcxROI5Ao-00281-00068580-00068838 it's really really simple basically
+BolcxROI5Ao-00282-00068839-00069120 they're just one file per migration the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00283-00069121-00069276 migrations can be either just plain
+BolcxROI5Ao-00284-00069277-00069576 sequel just a file with sequel in it or
+BolcxROI5Ao-00285-00069577-00069882 you can write a Java migration and the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00286-00069883-00070026 java.lang Grayson's tend to be four if
+BolcxROI5Ao-00287-00070027-00070131 you're doing really advanced data
+BolcxROI5Ao-00288-00070132-00070275 changes something that would be really
+BolcxROI5Ao-00289-00070276-00070506 hard to calculate in sequel but use
+BolcxROI5Ao-00290-00070507-00070617 sequel migrations for everything else
+BolcxROI5Ao-00291-00070618-00070857 and practice I've in seven years I've
+BolcxROI5Ao-00292-00070858-00071055 never gone five years since i've been
+BolcxROI5Ao-00293-00071056-00071399 using far away i've never used the java
+BolcxROI5Ao-00294-00071400-00071720 migration I some haven't had a need to
+BolcxROI5Ao-00295-00071721-00072030 and there's no especial languages Rex I
+BolcxROI5Ao-00296-00072031-00072219 mean a lot of those other migration
+BolcxROI5Ao-00297-00072220-00072474 tools require your dose or acquire but
+BolcxROI5Ao-00298-00072475-00072864 sort of emphasize their own language for
+BolcxROI5Ao-00299-00072865-00073368 for we're doing for creating tables and
+BolcxROI5Ao-00300-00073369-00073545 things like that everyone was packaged
+BolcxROI5Ao-00301-00073546-00073740 with ruby on rails which has its own
+BolcxROI5Ao-00302-00073741-00073857 special thing and the allowance package
+BolcxROI5Ao-00303-00073858-00074016 with sequel alchemy which has its own
+BolcxROI5Ao-00304-00074017-00074196 way of creating tables and things like
+BolcxROI5Ao-00305-00074197-00074367 that so this is just for people just
+BolcxROI5Ao-00306-00074368-00074561 want to write plain sequel Justin Justin
+BolcxROI5Ao-00307-00074562-00075153 plain files in order to get fly would
+BolcxROI5Ao-00308-00075154-00075363 understand which work how to order your
+BolcxROI5Ao-00309-00075364-00075478 migrations
+BolcxROI5Ao-00310-00075479-00075826 you need to the way it does it is
+BolcxROI5Ao-00311-00075827-00076209 through the file name basically and you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00312-00076210-00076429 you've named your fight on in this
+BolcxROI5Ao-00313-00076430-00076672 special way to do this so that this
+BolcxROI5Ao-00314-00076673-00076933 starts with a V for perversion and then
+BolcxROI5Ao-00315-00076934-00077155 there's some number of numbers and and
+BolcxROI5Ao-00316-00077156-00077422 then the which makes the version so in
+BolcxROI5Ao-00317-00077423-00077752 this case it's version 0 0 2 dot 0 0
+BolcxROI5Ao-00318-00077753-00078091 that so you can you can break up the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00319-00078092-00078229 version into multiple parts as many
+BolcxROI5Ao-00320-00078230-00078409 parts as you want to and then there are
+BolcxROI5Ao-00321-00078410-00078568 two underscores is actually two hundred
+BolcxROI5Ao-00322-00078569-00078724 squares there between the zero zero and
+BolcxROI5Ao-00323-00078725-00078934 the the word fix and everything after
+BolcxROI5Ao-00324-00078935-00079135 that is the description of that
+BolcxROI5Ao-00325-00079136-00079411 migration and you can put you can do
+BolcxROI5Ao-00326-00079412-00079537 underscores there between the words or
+BolcxROI5Ao-00327-00079538-00079648 you can do spaces are just like
+BolcxROI5Ao-00328-00079649-00079972 underscore sprinter and then the suffix
+BolcxROI5Ao-00329-00079973-00080464 which is by default this equal so so
+BolcxROI5Ao-00330-00080465-00080581 basically that that's how I figured out
+BolcxROI5Ao-00331-00080582-00080797 the order to do it so it'll parse that
+BolcxROI5Ao-00332-00080798-00080995 version number at the beginning and so
+BolcxROI5Ao-00333-00080996-00081355 you can have a version 0 0 2 dot 0 0 0 0
+BolcxROI5Ao-00334-00081356-00081949 2 0 1 and so on some my recommendations
+BolcxROI5Ao-00335-00081950-00082297 for versioning I like you can put as
+BolcxROI5Ao-00336-00082298-00082555 many 00 as you want and the examples if
+BolcxROI5Ao-00337-00082556-00082681 you go to the fire way to documentation
+BolcxROI5Ao-00338-00082682-00082840 they'll they won't put any zeros at the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00339-00082841-00082969 beginning I like to put some zeros there
+BolcxROI5Ao-00340-00082970-00083125 just when you're looking at your
+BolcxROI5Ao-00341-00083126-00083401 directory of migration so they're sorted
+BolcxROI5Ao-00342-00083402-00083539 in order that electrically lexically
+BolcxROI5Ao-00343-00083540-00083854 order and I like to break it I like to
+BolcxROI5Ao-00344-00083855-00084088 put sort of minor versions in there too
+BolcxROI5Ao-00345-00084089-00084298 so it helps you break apart larger
+BolcxROI5Ao-00346-00084299-00084505 migrations or just add in smaller things
+BolcxROI5Ao-00347-00084506-00084913 at a time all right so that's sort of
+BolcxROI5Ao-00348-00084914-00085144 the background a fly have any questions
+BolcxROI5Ao-00349-00085145-00086325 so far yeah
+BolcxROI5Ao-00350-00086326-00086517 so the question is so you have multiple
+BolcxROI5Ao-00351-00086518-00086733 people checking stuff in and they might
+BolcxROI5Ao-00352-00086734-00086904 all check in the same version is that a
+BolcxROI5Ao-00353-00086905-00087114 question but sure that that can be a
+BolcxROI5Ao-00354-00087115-00087447 problem so what you do is somebody
+BolcxROI5Ao-00355-00087448-00087615 should notice that and and you can
+BolcxROI5Ao-00356-00087616-00087798 change you know you could change your 10
+BolcxROI5Ao-00357-00087799-00088077 m 2 201 or something like that or you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00358-00088078-00088230 know it does take some communication
+BolcxROI5Ao-00359-00088231-00088431 there's nothing wrong with have
+BolcxROI5Ao-00360-00088432-00088551 something later later and talk it's
+BolcxROI5Ao-00361-00088552-00088833 nothing wrong with if you're working on
+BolcxROI5Ao-00362-00088834-00088920 something that's not gonna be in
+BolcxROI5Ao-00363-00088921-00089094 production for a long time and you're
+BolcxROI5Ao-00364-00089095-00089235 currently at version 2 or something like
+BolcxROI5Ao-00365-00089236-00089397 that there's nothing wrong with saying
+BolcxROI5Ao-00366-00089398-00089571 alright I know my stuff's not going to
+BolcxROI5Ao-00367-00089572-00089682 production for long time I'll make my
+BolcxROI5Ao-00368-00089683-00089886 own version 5 or 6 or 10 or something
+BolcxROI5Ao-00369-00089887-00090081 like that to skip a bunch of numbers so
+BolcxROI5Ao-00370-00090082-00090333 that you aren't constantly reordering in
+BolcxROI5Ao-00371-00090334-00090627 order to be later to be you know keep
+BolcxROI5Ao-00372-00090628-00090905 moving along is there another question
+BolcxROI5Ao-00373-00090906-00091266 same question okay does that that makes
+BolcxROI5Ao-00374-00091267-00091419 sense I mean it does take some
+BolcxROI5Ao-00375-00091420-00091638 communication there's no automatic way
+BolcxROI5Ao-00376-00091639-00091854 to resolve it because somebody needs to
+BolcxROI5Ao-00377-00091855-00092487 decide which one has to come first all
+BolcxROI5Ao-00378-00092488-00092847 right so to apply a migration you write
+BolcxROI5Ao-00379-00092848-00092994 your migration you put it in the in the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00380-00092995-00093384 right folder and then you just run this
+BolcxROI5Ao-00381-00093385-00093609 command called Flyway migrate and it'll
+BolcxROI5Ao-00382-00093610-00093858 it searches for any migrations I have
+BolcxROI5Ao-00383-00093859-00094173 not yet been applied and it it will run
+BolcxROI5Ao-00384-00094174-00094382 each migration and its own transaction
+BolcxROI5Ao-00385-00094383-00094767 and then on a failure it'll roll back
+BolcxROI5Ao-00386-00094768-00095094 that that transaction and it'll quit
+BolcxROI5Ao-00387-00095095-00095421 with a it'll quit with a nonzero exit
+BolcxROI5Ao-00388-00095422-00095664 status so you'll actually get a genuine
+BolcxROI5Ao-00389-00095665-00096000 error that's helpful if it didn't know a
+BolcxROI5Ao-00390-00096001-00096592 build script or something like that
+BolcxROI5Ao-00391-00096593-00096821 yes the question was it how does it
+BolcxROI5Ao-00392-00096822-00096983 determine the order and is the file name
+BolcxROI5Ao-00393-00096984-00097166 structure that done that I did on that
+BolcxROI5Ao-00394-00097167-00097621 last slide the version number of that
+BolcxROI5Ao-00395-00097622-00098015 and this this this rollback feature
+BolcxROI5Ao-00396-00098016-00098207 works really well with postgres doesn't
+BolcxROI5Ao-00397-00098208-00098396 work as well with some other databases
+BolcxROI5Ao-00398-00098397-00098570 but with postgres because all of your
+BolcxROI5Ao-00399-00098571-00099008 ddl changes can be rolled back you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00400-00099009-00099266 basically it says this migration did not
+BolcxROI5Ao-00401-00099267-00099466 get applied here's the error that
+BolcxROI5Ao-00402-00099467-00099749 postgres sent back you know with other
+BolcxROI5Ao-00403-00099750-00099950 databases if if you wrote a migration
+BolcxROI5Ao-00404-00099951-00100112 that won't actually run that has an
+BolcxROI5Ao-00405-00100113-00100403 error in it you'll be in some sort of
+BolcxROI5Ao-00406-00100404-00100688 indeterminate state because it will it
+BolcxROI5Ao-00407-00100689-00100889 can't roll back all the ddl changes for
+BolcxROI5Ao-00408-00100890-00101189 you automatically so it'll say there's
+BolcxROI5Ao-00409-00101190-00101369 an error or this transaction with this
+BolcxROI5Ao-00410-00101370-00101678 migration but we can't entirely get rid
+BolcxROI5Ao-00411-00101679-00101915 of it so it takes some Enya work but not
+BolcxROI5Ao-00412-00101916-00102331 with postgres so her a postgres
+BolcxROI5Ao-00413-00102332-00102668 basically what what it's doing so the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00414-00102669-00102872 first time you run migrate it creates
+BolcxROI5Ao-00415-00102873-00103016 this table called schema version by
+BolcxROI5Ao-00416-00103017-00103435 default you can change that to edit so
+BolcxROI5Ao-00417-00103436-00103577 as I said it's not magic it's a pretty
+BolcxROI5Ao-00418-00103578-00103805 simple thing you might not be able to
+BolcxROI5Ao-00419-00103806-00103964 read all that but but the basic idea is
+BolcxROI5Ao-00420-00103965-00104180 that it keeps this table and has the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00421-00104181-00104383 versions and the order they were
+BolcxROI5Ao-00422-00104384-00104627 installed in and then who installed them
+BolcxROI5Ao-00423-00104628-00105008 the username when and how long it took
+BolcxROI5Ao-00424-00105008-00105257 to do it and was it successful or not
+BolcxROI5Ao-00425-00105258-00105554 and so this is the way that that
+BolcxROI5Ao-00426-00105555-00105692 flyweight keeps track of what it's done
+BolcxROI5Ao-00427-00105693-00106254 what it needs to do yeah
+BolcxROI5Ao-00428-00106255-00106484 servers that are efficacious at
+BolcxROI5Ao-00429-00106485-00106794 unidirectional is this compatible with a
+BolcxROI5Ao-00430-00106795-00107095 senator property
+BolcxROI5Ao-00431-00107096-00107390 so the question is if your servers that
+BolcxROI5Ao-00432-00107391-00107744 are replicated to somewhere else it's
+BolcxROI5Ao-00433-00107745-00108111 just sending commands to to the server
+BolcxROI5Ao-00434-00108113-00108488 using jdbc so as long as you know any
+BolcxROI5Ao-00435-00108489-00108653 other ddl command would be replicated
+BolcxROI5Ao-00436-00108654-00108821 somewhere else then it should be
+BolcxROI5Ao-00437-00108822-00109007 replicated just just fine to the to the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00438-00109008-00110072 downstream server yeah question to you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00439-00110073-00110216 can you have sub directories within that
+BolcxROI5Ao-00440-00110217-00110825 sequel directory I don't think so I
+BolcxROI5Ao-00441-00110826-00110983 don't think you can have sub directories
+BolcxROI5Ao-00442-00110984-00111143 there i think it's just you end up with
+BolcxROI5Ao-00443-00111144-00111401 a big long list of files there it would
+BolcxROI5Ao-00444-00111402-00111998 be nice though so a couple important
+BolcxROI5Ao-00445-00111999-00112199 options for the migrate the URL of
+BolcxROI5Ao-00446-00112200-00112366 course how did how to contact your
+BolcxROI5Ao-00447-00112367-00112699 server you can set a target which is
+BolcxROI5Ao-00448-00112700-00113075 very useful so if you had that case what
+BolcxROI5Ao-00449-00113076-00113201 we talked about before where somebody
+BolcxROI5Ao-00450-00113202-00113366 had set their your arm version to
+BolcxROI5Ao-00451-00113367-00113648 version 3 that wants to go to production
+BolcxROI5Ao-00452-00113649-00113804 and then somebody is written version 5
+BolcxROI5Ao-00453-00113805-00113966 or 10 that's that's way out in the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00454-00113967-00114296 future you can set a target to say just
+BolcxROI5Ao-00455-00114297-00114482 go to version two don't keep going
+BolcxROI5Ao-00456-00114483-00114914 beyond that and then there's another
+BolcxROI5Ao-00457-00114915-00115274 version which is which is newly set to
+BolcxROI5Ao-00458-00115275-00115520 true by default which is validated on my
+BolcxROI5Ao-00459-00115521-00115901 great so it's saying I'm going to check
+BolcxROI5Ao-00460-00115902-00116018 all the other migrations that have
+BolcxROI5Ao-00461-00116019-00116153 already been applied and make sure they
+BolcxROI5Ao-00462-00116154-00116378 haven't changed at all before I apply
+BolcxROI5Ao-00463-00116379-00116768 any new migrations and so it checks the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00464-00116769-00117016 contents and the file name and all that
+BolcxROI5Ao-00465-00117017-00117188 stuff to make sure nothing has changed
+BolcxROI5Ao-00466-00117189-00117529 since since you a lot applied that
+BolcxROI5Ao-00467-00117530-00117746 migration so if you go in and someone
+BolcxROI5Ao-00468-00117747-00117989 makes a change and some old migration
+BolcxROI5Ao-00469-00117990-00118202 that's already in production it will
+BolcxROI5Ao-00470-00118203-00118892 complain so let's see
+BolcxROI5Ao-00471-00118893-00119309 how would you resolve that it's it's
+BolcxROI5Ao-00472-00119310-00119643 pretty easy well and resolving it within
+BolcxROI5Ao-00473-00119644-00119871 fly away is pretty easy I you know you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00474-00119872-00120021 need to figure out why somebody made
+BolcxROI5Ao-00475-00120022-00120294 that change of course but there's
+BolcxROI5Ao-00476-00120295-00120696 there's a command called I think it's
+BolcxROI5Ao-00477-00120697-00121248 called repair which will say I did mean
+BolcxROI5Ao-00478-00121249-00121416 to make that change so to go ahead and
+BolcxROI5Ao-00479-00121417-00121680 fix that in the in the in the metadata
+BolcxROI5Ao-00480-00121681-00121965 table that schema version table so it'll
+BolcxROI5Ao-00481-00121966-00122199 update the md5 sum in the description
+BolcxROI5Ao-00482-00122200-00122517 and all that stuff it won't run it won't
+BolcxROI5Ao-00483-00122518-00122682 rerun the migration it'll say you know
+BolcxROI5Ao-00484-00122683-00122847 that that sort of left up to you if you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00485-00122848-00123114 actually did intend to to change
+BolcxROI5Ao-00486-00123115-00123423 something that was already applied yeah
+BolcxROI5Ao-00487-00123424-00124368 yep let's see I wanted to try and do a
+BolcxROI5Ao-00488-00124369-00124623 quick demo here so this is I'm in the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00489-00124624-00125025 Flyway directory here I have just a
+BolcxROI5Ao-00490-00125026-00125636 totally empty database let's see so in
+BolcxROI5Ao-00491-00125638-00125796 this sequel directory there I have one
+BolcxROI5Ao-00492-00125797-00126071 migration it finally comes with this
+BolcxROI5Ao-00493-00126072-00126279 text file already that says put your
+BolcxROI5Ao-00494-00126280-00126732 sequel migrations here text this
+BolcxROI5Ao-00495-00126733-00126957 migration just has it's very very simple
+BolcxROI5Ao-00496-00126958-00127131 with me
+BolcxROI5Ao-00497-00127132-00127542 yeah create create this table so I can
+BolcxROI5Ao-00498-00127543-00128103 run my way migrate here again this isn't
+BolcxROI5Ao-00499-00128104-00128349 totally empty database so it's saying
+BolcxROI5Ao-00500-00128350-00128628 validated migration because it had never
+BolcxROI5Ao-00501-00128629-00128955 been applied reported no matter and then
+BolcxROI5Ao-00502-00128956-00129201 it create since I've never been run
+BolcxROI5Ao-00503-00129202-00129393 before it had to create this schema
+BolcxROI5Ao-00504-00129394-00129708 version table and then it it
+BolcxROI5Ao-00505-00129708-00130130 successfully applied this one migration
+BolcxROI5Ao-00506-00130131-00130425 and this next command a little bit is
+BolcxROI5Ao-00507-00130426-00130733 called flight info which tells you where
+BolcxROI5Ao-00508-00130734-00130934 you're at right now we're saying it's
+BolcxROI5Ao-00509-00130935-00131292 saying okay I've applied this where'd
+BolcxROI5Ao-00510-00131293-00131565 version 1 and it was successful when I
+BolcxROI5Ao-00511-00131566-00131874 applied it and in the description which
+BolcxROI5Ao-00512-00131875-00132324 came from that from the file name any
+BolcxROI5Ao-00513-00132325-00133152 questions yeah I it yes yeah it can be
+BolcxROI5Ao-00514-00133153-00133338 in this case I just have it set to trust
+BolcxROI5Ao-00515-00133339-00133635 so it's not there's no password but but
+BolcxROI5Ao-00516-00133636-00133905 um yeah you can set the password in the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00517-00133906-00134346 config file yeah if you want to update a
+BolcxROI5Ao-00518-00134347-00134496 remote site yeah you could set the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00519-00134497-00135088 password in there yes
+BolcxROI5Ao-00520-00135089-00135314 once that you know I did the one
+BolcxROI5Ao-00521-00135315-00135525 kilometer actually we don't need at this
+BolcxROI5Ao-00522-00135526-00135735 time so I don't want to miss changes
+BolcxROI5Ao-00523-00135736-00135950 yeah so that's it was very quick the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00524-00135951-00136197 question is that can you go back so say
+BolcxROI5Ao-00525-00136198-00136368 the neck the next migration was to add a
+BolcxROI5Ao-00526-00136369-00136712 column can you uh that column and some
+BolcxROI5Ao-00527-00136713-00136995 of the other migration tools do support
+BolcxROI5Ao-00528-00136996-00137175 that I think that I think both the rails
+BolcxROI5Ao-00529-00137176-00137295 went in the sequel alchemy want both
+BolcxROI5Ao-00530-00137296-00137499 will support that that sort of version
+BolcxROI5Ao-00531-00137500-00137729 of downgrading flyway does not and they
+BolcxROI5Ao-00532-00137730-00137900 they make a pretty convincing argument
+BolcxROI5Ao-00533-00137901-00138362 but why not because you you you can't no
+BolcxROI5Ao-00534-00138363-00138669 you can't always go backwards and unless
+BolcxROI5Ao-00535-00138670-00138858 you're actually testing each time that
+BolcxROI5Ao-00536-00138859-00139250 you can go backwards you can't always do
+BolcxROI5Ao-00537-00139251-00139368 it so what I would do that case you just
+BolcxROI5Ao-00538-00139369-00139588 write another migration to remove that
+BolcxROI5Ao-00539-00139589-00139833 thing that you just did I'd say it's
+BolcxROI5Ao-00540-00139834-00140051 worked in three groups I didn't actually
+BolcxROI5Ao-00541-00140052-00140187 need that calm let's just delete that
+BolcxROI5Ao-00542-00140188-00140373 call send it you know it's a little
+BolcxROI5Ao-00543-00140374-00140528 extra overhead in your database creating
+BolcxROI5Ao-00544-00140529-00140639 call them they're moving a column but
+BolcxROI5Ao-00545-00140640-00140822 but you sort of know where you are
+BolcxROI5Ao-00546-00140823-00141263 whiskey anything alright let's see if I
+BolcxROI5Ao-00547-00141264-00142071 can get back to
+BolcxROI5Ao-00548-00142072-00142306 problem that I think he was trying to
+BolcxROI5Ao-00549-00142307-00142546 point out as if you add a column in one
+BolcxROI5Ao-00550-00142547-00142717 migration and then to migration Flaherty
+BolcxROI5Ao-00551-00142718-00142927 burgos said column you want it to go to
+BolcxROI5Ao-00552-00142928-00143218 say version four which is five or six
+BolcxROI5Ao-00553-00143219-00143572 migrations down along you know why do
+BolcxROI5Ao-00554-00143573-00143725 you look at work that you know is not
+BolcxROI5Ao-00555-00143726-00143971 necessarily going to be there so she set
+BolcxROI5Ao-00556-00143972-00144199 up a pattern we're establishing and bass
+BolcxROI5Ao-00557-00144200-00144502 lines and if you want to go straight for
+BolcxROI5Ao-00558-00144503-00144685 from say an empty database you just go
+BolcxROI5Ao-00559-00144686-00145291 to that baseline yes yeah yeah so so yes
+BolcxROI5Ao-00560-00145292-00145462 that so the question is can you just
+BolcxROI5Ao-00561-00145463-00145639 sort of avoid if you're doing a bunch of
+BolcxROI5Ao-00562-00145640-00145768 stuff and then you're sort of undoing a
+BolcxROI5Ao-00563-00145769-00145912 bunch of stuff can you just sort of
+BolcxROI5Ao-00564-00145913-00146115 start from this later point that has
+BolcxROI5Ao-00565-00146116-00146311 some sort of known state in it and
+BolcxROI5Ao-00566-00146312-00146488 eventually you will always want to do
+BolcxROI5Ao-00567-00146489-00146611 this because because eventually you know
+BolcxROI5Ao-00568-00146612-00146755 you'll end up with thousands of files in
+BolcxROI5Ao-00569-00146756-00146884 that table if you don't do this at some
+BolcxROI5Ao-00570-00146885-00147091 point so at some point you'll you'll say
+BolcxROI5Ao-00571-00147092-00147280 and I tend to do this whenever I'm
+BolcxROI5Ao-00572-00147281-00147496 upgrading a new major version and post
+BolcxROI5Ao-00573-00147497-00147934 dress I'll just say okay we have this
+BolcxROI5Ao-00574-00147935-00148165 whole schema there let's just dump all
+BolcxROI5Ao-00575-00148166-00148348 that and turn that into version 1 and
+BolcxROI5Ao-00576-00148349-00148534 then sort of wipe out the schema version
+BolcxROI5Ao-00577-00148535-00149068 table and then start from there okay so
+BolcxROI5Ao-00578-00149069-00149347 that the Flyway info command is I just
+BolcxROI5Ao-00579-00149348-00149638 ran that there that shows you what the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00580-00149639-00149845 prints out that little table of what
+BolcxROI5Ao-00581-00149846-00149980 migrations have been apply and what I'm
+BolcxROI5Ao-00582-00149981-00150545 not show as if it's successful yeah
+BolcxROI5Ao-00583-00150546-00150938 action I mean if I need to create the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00584-00150939-00151440 English largely
+BolcxROI5Ao-00585-00151441-00152038 I can't stop I using great conference
+BolcxROI5Ao-00586-00152039-00152417 hi
+BolcxROI5Ao-00587-00152418-00152898 yeah there are another way to
+BolcxROI5Ao-00588-00152899-00153165 so the question is can you can you not
+BolcxROI5Ao-00589-00153166-00153438 run it inside of a transaction because
+BolcxROI5Ao-00590-00153439-00153684 there are some like the the create index
+BolcxROI5Ao-00591-00153685-00153852 concurrently which you can't run inside
+BolcxROI5Ao-00592-00153853-00154265 transaction and as far as I know you I
+BolcxROI5Ao-00593-00154266-00154452 don't think that there's a way to not
+BolcxROI5Ao-00594-00154453-00154554 run it inside of a transaction
+BolcxROI5Ao-00595-00154555-00155358 unfortunately
+BolcxROI5Ao-00596-00155359-00155627 I mean in a case like that if you really
+BolcxROI5Ao-00597-00155628-00156093 need to get around it you could you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00598-00156094-00156341 would you would basically do that by put
+BolcxROI5Ao-00599-00156342-00156575 in a migration that would that would
+BolcxROI5Ao-00600-00156576-00156882 create an index for everybody else on
+BolcxROI5Ao-00601-00156883-00157028 their development boxes and stuff like
+BolcxROI5Ao-00602-00157029-00157185 that and you would do that create index
+BolcxROI5Ao-00603-00157186-00157506 concurrently on your on your box and
+BolcxROI5Ao-00604-00157507-00157816 then let's see what would you do and
+BolcxROI5Ao-00605-00157817-00158235 then you would have to tell flyweight it
+BolcxROI5Ao-00606-00158236-00158499 to skip that migration one of one is
+BolcxROI5Ao-00607-00158500-00159041 applying it to the production yeah so
+BolcxROI5Ao-00608-00159042-00159387 the really useful thing about 58 info is
+BolcxROI5Ao-00609-00159388-00159570 that you can use it as a test for for
+BolcxROI5Ao-00610-00159571-00159708 remember i mentioned that dash target
+BolcxROI5Ao-00611-00159709-00159965 option for migrate to tell it to not go
+BolcxROI5Ao-00612-00159966-00160200 beyond a certain point to not apply all
+BolcxROI5Ao-00613-00160201-00160362 migrations that are there you can use
+BolcxROI5Ao-00614-00160363-00160601 this as a test and no it'll show you I
+BolcxROI5Ao-00615-00160602-00160935 can I can try to show you that let's see
+BolcxROI5Ao-00616-00160936-00161433 let me get that back at the top
+BolcxROI5Ao-00617-00161434-00161571 alright so i think i have another
+BolcxROI5Ao-00618-00161572-00162254 migration here
+BolcxROI5Ao-00619-00162255-00162521 ok so now I just put a new migration
+BolcxROI5Ao-00620-00162522-00163087 into the sequel folder if I run info
+BolcxROI5Ao-00621-00163088-00163517 like that so it'll say this this one it
+BolcxROI5Ao-00622-00163518-00163646 was just an alter table that use which
+BolcxROI5Ao-00623-00163647-00163805 doesn't really matter but it's a this
+BolcxROI5Ao-00624-00163806-00164774 migration is pending if I say well we
+BolcxROI5Ao-00625-00164775-00165673 say
+BolcxROI5Ao-00626-00165674-00165954 so it'll say so i wrote the target there
+BolcxROI5Ao-00627-00165955-00166108 i gave you the target option saying
+BolcxROI5Ao-00628-00166109-00166416 targeted 2000 100 which is just that
+BolcxROI5Ao-00629-00166417-00166579 first migration i did so i'll say this
+BolcxROI5Ao-00630-00166580-00166771 is greater than target so don't worry
+BolcxROI5Ao-00631-00166772-00166936 about that so it's a good way to test
+BolcxROI5Ao-00632-00166937-00167026 before you actually apply these
+BolcxROI5Ao-00633-00167027-00167233 migrations to production or even there
+BolcxROI5Ao-00634-00167234-00167356 developed a today see if you don't want
+BolcxROI5Ao-00635-00167357-00167554 to go beyond a certain version you can
+BolcxROI5Ao-00636-00167555-00167701 test it with the info first and then
+BolcxROI5Ao-00637-00167702-00167891 when you're my great using that same
+BolcxROI5Ao-00638-00167892-00168879 target option there and then this one
+BolcxROI5Ao-00639-00168880-00169147 which i do expect some discussion about
+BolcxROI5Ao-00640-00169148-00169453 so if you apply a migration so stay on
+BolcxROI5Ao-00641-00169454-00169603 your on your development database you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00642-00169604-00169834 apply a migration and you say yeah the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00643-00169835-00170068 immigration isn't really right so one
+BolcxROI5Ao-00644-00170069-00170182 option is to write another migration
+BolcxROI5Ao-00645-00170183-00170371 which fixes that that palm the other
+BolcxROI5Ao-00646-00170372-00170632 option is to start from scratch again
+BolcxROI5Ao-00647-00170633-00170911 and you know the number ways to do that
+BolcxROI5Ao-00648-00170912-00171040 you could just drop your database and
+BolcxROI5Ao-00649-00171041-00171226 recreate your database from scratch or
+BolcxROI5Ao-00650-00171227-00171523 fly way has has this command called
+BolcxROI5Ao-00651-00171524-00171874 clean which will try to drop all the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00652-00171875-00172195 objects in the schema that that it's the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00653-00172196-00172453 Flyway sort of controlling you should
+BolcxROI5Ao-00654-00172454-00172618 obviously never run this in production
+BolcxROI5Ao-00655-00172619-00173272 and there's a schemas option to fly away
+BolcxROI5Ao-00656-00173273-00173473 which tells it sort of what what schemas
+BolcxROI5Ao-00657-00173474-00173665 it is managing and when you're unclean
+BolcxROI5Ao-00658-00173666-00173806 it'll clean out all the schemas that
+BolcxROI5Ao-00659-00173807-00174079 isn't managing you used to miss some
+BolcxROI5Ao-00660-00174080-00174262 stuff in Postgres like you used to miss
+BolcxROI5Ao-00661-00174263-00174415 I think user-defined types and stuff
+BolcxROI5Ao-00662-00174416-00174496 like that it's gotten a little better
+BolcxROI5Ao-00663-00174497-00174837 the problem is that it only people's
+BolcxROI5Ao-00664-00174838-00175123 sort of schema wide things not cluster
+BolcxROI5Ao-00665-00175124-00175333 wired or database why I think so it
+BolcxROI5Ao-00666-00175334-00175635 doesn't really do well with extensions
+BolcxROI5Ao-00667-00175636-00175951 if there are some workarounds to deal
+BolcxROI5Ao-00668-00175952-00176385 with extensions I posted a thing there
+BolcxROI5Ao-00669-00176386-00176713 but so there are some ways there where
+BolcxROI5Ao-00670-00176714-00177129 you can get around it but uh you know I
+BolcxROI5Ao-00671-00177130-00177397 still tend to just drop the database and
+BolcxROI5Ao-00672-00177398-00177772 recreate it from scratch this one I I
+BolcxROI5Ao-00673-00177773-00177994 showed you just a few seconds ago so
+BolcxROI5Ao-00674-00177995-00178270 validate is just which run by default
+BolcxROI5Ao-00675-00178271-00178444 now when you try to migrate it checks
+BolcxROI5Ao-00676-00178445-00178603 all the stuff that's already been run
+BolcxROI5Ao-00677-00178604-00178753 and make sure it hasn't changed and
+BolcxROI5Ao-00678-00178754-00179065 repair is the thing that says I did
+BolcxROI5Ao-00679-00179066-00179233 actually mean to change it so go ahead
+BolcxROI5Ao-00680-00179234-00179884 and update the metadata table so that
+BolcxROI5Ao-00681-00179885-00180175 that is basically if you're starting
+BolcxROI5Ao-00682-00180176-00180439 from a totally empty database which you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00683-00180440-00180714 know not many people have that luxury um
+BolcxROI5Ao-00684-00180715-00180982 you can just start with version 1 and go
+BolcxROI5Ao-00685-00180983-00181231 from there if you're starting with stuff
+BolcxROI5Ao-00686-00181232-00181516 in your database which most of us are it
+BolcxROI5Ao-00687-00181517-00181714 takes a bit more work but I still think
+BolcxROI5Ao-00688-00181715-00181900 it's worth it basically what you do is
+BolcxROI5Ao-00689-00181901-00182209 sort of way described earlier you create
+BolcxROI5Ao-00690-00182210-00182389 a base version from the existing
+BolcxROI5Ao-00691-00182390-00182521 production database where you dump out
+BolcxROI5Ao-00692-00182522-00182758 the entire schema you dumped out any
+BolcxROI5Ao-00693-00182759-00182977 reference data that you you think all
+BolcxROI5Ao-00694-00182978-00183256 the developers will need and then you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00695-00183257-00183532 sort of combine this massage this into
+BolcxROI5Ao-00696-00183533-00184020 one base version one big version 1 and
+BolcxROI5Ao-00697-00184021-00184192 then you're on this command called
+BolcxROI5Ao-00698-00184193-00184399 flyweight baseline on the production
+BolcxROI5Ao-00699-00184400-00184606 database which will basically create
+BolcxROI5Ao-00700-00184607-00184978 that schema version table that metadata
+BolcxROI5Ao-00701-00184979-00185347 table that flyway uses and it also you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00702-00185348-00185521 give it some options so knows what to
+BolcxROI5Ao-00703-00185522-00185656 call that first version and it knows to
+BolcxROI5Ao-00704-00185657-00185839 skip that first version wouldn't
+BolcxROI5Ao-00705-00185840-00186019 actually when it when you run fly to
+BolcxROI5Ao-00706-00186020-00186172 migrate for real on the production
+BolcxROI5Ao-00707-00186173-00186514 database and then you write you start
+BolcxROI5Ao-00708-00186515-00186730 your next next migration with version
+BolcxROI5Ao-00709-00186731-00187150 tube or whatever you want to call so
+BolcxROI5Ao-00710-00187151-00187339 that's that's the basics of Flyway
+BolcxROI5Ao-00711-00187340-00187579 that's only six commands most of which
+BolcxROI5Ao-00712-00187580-00187864 you don't really use you mostly use my
+BolcxROI5Ao-00713-00187865-00188287 great and info or the the meat of what
+BolcxROI5Ao-00714-00188288-00188614 whatever you're going to use there are
+BolcxROI5Ao-00715-00188615-00189431 any questions on Flyway
+BolcxROI5Ao-00716-00189432-00190828 ten thousand migrations yes
+BolcxROI5Ao-00717-00190829-00191033 yeah so the question is what if you have
+BolcxROI5Ao-00718-00191034-00191204 10,000 migrations do you apply them
+BolcxROI5Ao-00719-00191205-00191390 every time the answer is yes if you if
+BolcxROI5Ao-00720-00191391-00191531 you really do have 10,000 migrations
+BolcxROI5Ao-00721-00191532-00191843 that you've created over years or you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00722-00191844-00191972 know maybe a really fast in writing
+BolcxROI5Ao-00723-00191973-00192161 migrations you write them in whatever a
+BolcxROI5Ao-00724-00192162-00192365 years of like that then yes you would
+BolcxROI5Ao-00725-00192366-00192671 have it would basically start from zero
+BolcxROI5Ao-00726-00192672-00192914 and and apply them all at some point you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00727-00192915-00193052 probably get tired of that and you can
+BolcxROI5Ao-00728-00193053-00193247 you can start with that schema you have
+BolcxROI5Ao-00729-00193248-00193385 dumped out that schema that you get at
+BolcxROI5Ao-00730-00193386-00193553 the end or dumped out whatever you have
+BolcxROI5Ao-00731-00193554-00193655 at the end the schema and maybe some
+BolcxROI5Ao-00732-00193656-00193808 data but that you put in all those
+BolcxROI5Ao-00733-00193809-00194108 migrations and then wipe out all your
+BolcxROI5Ao-00734-00194109-00194300 other migrations and just set that
+BolcxROI5Ao-00735-00194301-00194564 schema as version one and start from
+BolcxROI5Ao-00736-00194565-00195503 there so just doing some which allows
+BolcxROI5Ao-00737-00195504-00195689 you to bypass the normal / people
+BolcxROI5Ao-00738-00195690-00195932 directory so he did establish further
+BolcxROI5Ao-00739-00195933-00196082 baselines are wanting to actually
+BolcxROI5Ao-00740-00196083-00196256 segment and like what you're talking
+BolcxROI5Ao-00741-00196257-00196529 about over here your migration to do
+BolcxROI5Ao-00742-00196530-00196760 separate subfolders you could you know
+BolcxROI5Ao-00743-00196761-00196952 with some shell food
+BolcxROI5Ao-00744-00196953-00197268 have you know Ellis fans or whatever you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00745-00197269-00197435 want to actually supply comma-separated
+BolcxROI5Ao-00746-00197436-00197781 list of directories that had my grey
+BolcxROI5Ao-00747-00197782-00197907 shoes you were interested in so if you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00748-00197908-00198200 baseline each of your major versions and
+BolcxROI5Ao-00749-00198201-00198404 separate directories you can kind of get
+BolcxROI5Ao-00750-00198405-00198614 around that issue that you're talking
+BolcxROI5Ao-00751-00198615-00198736 about where you've got thousands of
+BolcxROI5Ao-00752-00198737-00198959 migrations
+BolcxROI5Ao-00753-00198960-00199232 declaring your version was just running
+BolcxROI5Ao-00754-00199233-00199421 a little shell scripting to manage what
+BolcxROI5Ao-00755-00199422-00199634 director important yeah they still need
+BolcxROI5Ao-00756-00199635-00199847 to somehow create that baseline schema
+BolcxROI5Ao-00757-00199848-00199988 that contains everything you've applied
+BolcxROI5Ao-00758-00199989-00200168 in those other migrations that's some
+BolcxROI5Ao-00759-00200169-00200822 point yeah at some point it takes this
+BolcxROI5Ao-00760-00200823-00200987 start this stuff start taking a long
+BolcxROI5Ao-00761-00200988-00201197 time to run as you're applying more and
+BolcxROI5Ao-00762-00201198-00201461 more migrations and and it is good and
+BolcxROI5Ao-00763-00201462-00201671 generally as I said I do that basically
+BolcxROI5Ao-00764-00201672-00201950 when whenever we're upgrading postgres
+BolcxROI5Ao-00765-00201951-00202094 major versions I tend to do that just
+BolcxROI5Ao-00766-00202095-00202247 because we're doing a lot of stuff at
+BolcxROI5Ao-00767-00202248-00202609 that time anyway might as well do more
+BolcxROI5Ao-00768-00202610-00203572 any other questions
+BolcxROI5Ao-00769-00203573-00203776 so the question is are the three way to
+BolcxROI5Ao-00770-00203777-00204733 have branches
+BolcxROI5Ao-00771-00204734-00205003 oh so so so if you want to load test
+BolcxROI5Ao-00772-00205004-00205948 data for devs that which fine oh yeah
+BolcxROI5Ao-00773-00205948-00206305 out of order flag so if if i were to
+BolcxROI5Ao-00774-00206306-00206704 load test data for devs well the way I
+BolcxROI5Ao-00775-00206705-00206980 currently do it is you have you have
+BolcxROI5Ao-00776-00206981-00207148 some sort of thing that which loads test
+BolcxROI5Ao-00777-00207148-00207291 data I don't know it could be a shell
+BolcxROI5Ao-00778-00207292-00207532 script it could be you know a psql
+BolcxROI5Ao-00779-00207533-00207730 command or something like that which
+BolcxROI5Ao-00780-00207731-00208017 wouldn't really be a migration because
+BolcxROI5Ao-00781-00208019-00208126 it's not going to eventually go into
+BolcxROI5Ao-00782-00208127-00208426 your into production database and what
+BolcxROI5Ao-00783-00208427-00208698 you do is is you run fly away with the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00784-00208700-00208887 target command so to you you've sort of
+BolcxROI5Ao-00785-00208888-00209013 written this thing to work at a specific
+BolcxROI5Ao-00786-00209014-00209262 version of your schema you run fly away
+BolcxROI5Ao-00787-00209263-00209508 with it with the target command to get
+BolcxROI5Ao-00788-00209509-00209728 your schema to that version then you run
+BolcxROI5Ao-00789-00209729-00209958 your data loading command or whatever
+BolcxROI5Ao-00790-00209959-00210123 and then you want to fly or migrate
+BolcxROI5Ao-00791-00210125-00210319 again with no target on it and apply
+BolcxROI5Ao-00792-00210319-00210673 everything else so it's sort of yeah so
+BolcxROI5Ao-00793-00210673-00210889 I that is a common thing we sort of
+BolcxROI5Ao-00794-00210890-00211132 loading up data for devs to use and I
+BolcxROI5Ao-00795-00211133-00211369 think that's at least for me that was I
+BolcxROI5Ao-00796-00211369-00211480 found that was the best way to handle it
+BolcxROI5Ao-00797-00211481-00211621 was to get yourself to a specific
+BolcxROI5Ao-00798-00211621-00211777 version that you've written your your
+BolcxROI5Ao-00799-00211778-00211975 imitate importing script for and then
+BolcxROI5Ao-00800-00211976-00212671 and then apply some data
+BolcxROI5Ao-00801-00212673-00212935 did have a job on migration I'm assuming
+BolcxROI5Ao-00802-00212936-00213278 the numbering sin tax would be run all
+BolcxROI5Ao-00803-00213279-00213533 the sequel until you get to the same but
+BolcxROI5Ao-00804-00213534-00213689 you version them the same your personal
+BolcxROI5Ao-00805-00213690-00213959 similar yep yeah if you wanted to do
+BolcxROI5Ao-00806-00213960-00214196 that sort of thing as a Java migration
+BolcxROI5Ao-00807-00214196-00214617 and say Louis
+BolcxROI5Ao-00808-00214617-00214939 yeah yeah so yeah the end was you could
+BolcxROI5Ao-00809-00214940-00215094 use the Java migration which would have
+BolcxROI5Ao-00810-00215096-00215244 a lot it could have a lot more logic in
+BolcxROI5Ao-00811-00215246-00215581 it flyway also has placeholders in there
+BolcxROI5Ao-00812-00215582-00215875 which you can specify on the command
+BolcxROI5Ao-00813-00215876-00216163 line you know it would take some some
+BolcxROI5Ao-00814-00216164-00216607 creativity to use that you know you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00815-00216608-00216742 could you could put in a placeholder for
+BolcxROI5Ao-00816-00216742-00216994 for production or for dev or something
+BolcxROI5Ao-00817-00216994-00217189 like that and it could you know sort of
+BolcxROI5Ao-00818-00217190-00217521 optionally do stuff that the migrations
+BolcxROI5Ao-00819-00217523-00217767 would would know it would basically
+BolcxROI5Ao-00820-00217769-00218148 replace that that string inside of your
+BolcxROI5Ao-00821-00218150-00218605 migrations there I I think it's just
+BolcxROI5Ao-00822-00218606-00219196 like it's like placeholder dot the name
+BolcxROI5Ao-00823-00219196-00219331 of the place holder equals something
+BolcxROI5Ao-00824-00219332-00222332 like that equals the string
+BolcxROI5Ao-00825-00222333-00222734 the integration test application
+BolcxROI5Ao-00826-00222735-00223721 application itself
+BolcxROI5Ao-00827-00223721-00224342 experience
+BolcxROI5Ao-00828-00224344-00224586 yeah that that is true if I mean if you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00829-00224587-00224826 can if you have if you can put your data
+BolcxROI5Ao-00830-00224827-00225017 in through your 30 application that's
+BolcxROI5Ao-00831-00225019-00225186 definitely a great way to do it if you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00832-00225187-00225303 already have you know sort of aura I'm
+BolcxROI5Ao-00833-00225304-00225441 way or that can I can handle that stuff
+BolcxROI5Ao-00834-00225442-00225609 and you're already modifying your arm
+BolcxROI5Ao-00835-00225610-00225792 layer to deal with the database changes
+BolcxROI5Ao-00836-00225792-00226271 then that's great way to do all right so
+BolcxROI5Ao-00837-00226273-00226536 I just want to talk about good
+BolcxROI5Ao-00838-00226537-00226713 migrations and what should be in them
+BolcxROI5Ao-00839-00226714-00227142 and what should not be in them you know
+BolcxROI5Ao-00840-00227142-00227244 can't put everything in migration the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00841-00227244-00227376 vast majority or data is not going to be
+BolcxROI5Ao-00842-00227377-00227583 the migration but what what kind of
+BolcxROI5Ao-00843-00227584-00227808 changes to I'm gonna ask the audience
+BolcxROI5Ao-00844-00227809-00227931 here what kind Jesus do you guys think
+BolcxROI5Ao-00845-00227932-00228150 should be in migrations there's some
+BolcxROI5Ao-00846-00228151-00228765 pretty obvious ones ddl obviously it's a
+BolcxROI5Ao-00847-00228766-00229305 big thing
+BolcxROI5Ao-00848-00229306-00229632 yeah some some reference table data data
+BolcxROI5Ao-00849-00229633-00229794 you know fairly small tables that you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00850-00229794-00230076 think everybody would you know all
+BolcxROI5Ao-00851-00230077-00230241 you're doing you'll need on all your
+BolcxROI5Ao-00852-00230242-00231088 different databases anything else
+BolcxROI5Ao-00853-00231089-00232242 what but fill out a new column with data
+BolcxROI5Ao-00854-00232244-00232776 yeah all right so I have a couple things
+BolcxROI5Ao-00855-00232777-00233004 so obviously we said that all the ddl
+BolcxROI5Ao-00856-00233005-00233250 stuff and it's really critical that it
+BolcxROI5Ao-00857-00233251-00233467 that this this all is taken literally
+BolcxROI5Ao-00858-00233467-00233721 you can't you can't be going you can't
+BolcxROI5Ao-00859-00233723-00233848 go into a production database and just
+BolcxROI5Ao-00860-00233848-00234064 change stuff there and expect migrations
+BolcxROI5Ao-00861-00234065-00234207 to still work when you apply them there
+BolcxROI5Ao-00862-00234208-00234394 you know all of your structural changes
+BolcxROI5Ao-00863-00234394-00234930 you need to be in in your migrations so
+BolcxROI5Ao-00864-00234931-00235063 everything you know you can creating in
+BolcxROI5Ao-00865-00235064-00235167 the exes and stuff like that you know
+BolcxROI5Ao-00866-00235169-00235335 there are some cases where you might
+BolcxROI5Ao-00867-00235336-00235530 have to carefully work around that but
+BolcxROI5Ao-00868-00235531-00235912 but really all of your changes it's sort
+BolcxROI5Ao-00869-00235913-00236065 of a business rule business practice
+BolcxROI5Ao-00870-00236066-00236250 that needs to be implemented that Oliver
+BolcxROI5Ao-00871-00236251-00236415 changes would go into these migrations
+BolcxROI5Ao-00872-00236416-00236644 reference data and then i put a little
+BolcxROI5Ao-00873-00236644-00237081 users a little ? there let me know what
+BolcxROI5Ao-00874-00237082-00237267 what's the problem with dealing with
+BolcxROI5Ao-00875-00237269-00237555 users and permissions there in a
+BolcxROI5Ao-00876-00237556-00238048 migration
+BolcxROI5Ao-00877-00238048-00238344 yeah yeah that that's very valid you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00878-00238346-00238465 might not want to give your your Deb
+BolcxROI5Ao-00879-00238466-00238951 users everyone's password so the other
+BolcxROI5Ao-00880-00238952-00239314 thing is so fly way works on schemas but
+BolcxROI5Ao-00881-00239315-00239608 users are not schema specific right
+BolcxROI5Ao-00882-00239609-00239809 there cluster specific their cluster
+BolcxROI5Ao-00883-00239810-00240217 wide which takes a bit more sort of
+BolcxROI5Ao-00884-00240217-00240382 finesse when you're creating users so if
+BolcxROI5Ao-00885-00240383-00240817 you run fly away clean it won't remove
+BolcxROI5Ao-00886-00240817-00240973 any users because they aren't in a
+BolcxROI5Ao-00887-00240973-00241392 schema during a cluster so if you're
+BolcxROI5Ao-00888-00241394-00241516 trying to keep your users and your
+BolcxROI5Ao-00889-00241517-00241644 permissions in sync across all your
+BolcxROI5Ao-00890-00241646-00241978 different databases which is you know
+BolcxROI5Ao-00891-00241979-00242128 probably on all of your users in there
+BolcxROI5Ao-00892-00242129-00242281 but at least your application users or
+BolcxROI5Ao-00893-00242282-00242398 your application roles or something like
+BolcxROI5Ao-00894-00242398-00242590 that you'd want to be able to assign
+BolcxROI5Ao-00895-00242591-00242812 them to different you'd want to assign
+BolcxROI5Ao-00896-00242813-00243004 permissions to your tables and things
+BolcxROI5Ao-00897-00243005-00243435 like that it's not a trivial there's no
+BolcxROI5Ao-00898-00243436-00243771 trivial solution you know here's one so
+BolcxROI5Ao-00899-00243773-00243969 nice sort of we sort of came up with
+BolcxROI5Ao-00900-00243969-00244246 where I work where if you only have one
+BolcxROI5Ao-00901-00244246-00244455 database per cluster it's a lot easier
+BolcxROI5Ao-00902-00244456-00244941 basically you would fly ways this this
+BolcxROI5Ao-00903-00244942-00245191 concept of callbacks where you can sort
+BolcxROI5Ao-00904-00245192-00245503 of hook into different points in the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00905-00245504-00245734 life's like what the migration and I
+BolcxROI5Ao-00906-00245735-00245950 would say and so you could say after
+BolcxROI5Ao-00907-00245951-00246234 runs a clean go through and delete all
+BolcxROI5Ao-00908-00246235-00246451 the users and then you would have a one
+BolcxROI5Ao-00909-00246452-00246669 of your migrations would create all your
+BolcxROI5Ao-00910-00246671-00246846 users when you buy your first migration
+BolcxROI5Ao-00911-00246848-00247217 would create all of your users and then
+BolcxROI5Ao-00912-00247219-00247509 so if you only have one database per
+BolcxROI5Ao-00913-00247510-00247726 cluster with a pretty good solution
+BolcxROI5Ao-00914-00247727-00247912 unless you don't want to give all your
+BolcxROI5Ao-00915-00247913-00248692 passwords all your dip
+BolcxROI5Ao-00916-00248692-00248965 uh just some other tips that I have come
+BolcxROI5Ao-00917-00248966-00249112 across writing migrations I'm sure
+BolcxROI5Ao-00918-00249113-00249328 there's lots of debate about this but I
+BolcxROI5Ao-00919-00249329-00249529 like to keep them small so you can go
+BolcxROI5Ao-00920-00249530-00249654 and read them obviously that first
+BolcxROI5Ao-00921-00249655-00249853 version one is going to be huge because
+BolcxROI5Ao-00922-00249854-00250092 it's all of your schema but if you're
+BolcxROI5Ao-00923-00250094-00250521 writing your your your upgrades I like
+BolcxROI5Ao-00924-00250523-00250635 to eat them small and I like to break
+BolcxROI5Ao-00925-00250636-00250978 things up you use the minor versions
+BolcxROI5Ao-00926-00250979-00251200 there to break up a bigger migration
+BolcxROI5Ao-00927-00251201-00251317 it's a smaller things you new key right
+BolcxROI5Ao-00928-00251317-00251500 your create your tables in one migration
+BolcxROI5Ao-00929-00251501-00251646 create your views and functions and
+BolcxROI5Ao-00930-00251648-00251796 whatever break them all up into
+BolcxROI5Ao-00931-00251798-00251965 different migrations it's not you don't
+BolcxROI5Ao-00932-00251966-00252076 have to do that there's no reason you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00933-00252077-00252250 have to do that but I can't like do that
+BolcxROI5Ao-00934-00252251-00252417 as I said earlier feel free to skip some
+BolcxROI5Ao-00935-00252419-00252592 numbers if your stuff is not going to go
+BolcxROI5Ao-00936-00252592-00252964 into production for a while so I got a
+BolcxROI5Ao-00937-00252965-00253260 couple minutes to talk about Jenkins if
+BolcxROI5Ao-00938-00253261-00253626 people use Jenkins here before okay good
+BolcxROI5Ao-00939-00253627-00254013 so it's widely used even in this room
+BolcxROI5Ao-00940-00254014-00254316 it's used a lot for automating builds
+BolcxROI5Ao-00941-00254317-00254517 and for automating continuous
+BolcxROI5Ao-00942-00254519-00254689 integration tests so it's basically just
+BolcxROI5Ao-00943-00254690-00254878 a a sore where that sits there and you
+BolcxROI5Ao-00944-00254879-00255076 configure it to build a project or
+BolcxROI5Ao-00945-00255077-00255273 something like that and generally the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00946-00255275-00255490 way it runs is it it can either say it
+BolcxROI5Ao-00947-00255491-00255606 to build a project on a certain schedule
+BolcxROI5Ao-00948-00255607-00255919 or build something whenever sort it
+BolcxROI5Ao-00949-00255919-00256259 whenever you're the source code changes
+BolcxROI5Ao-00950-00256260-00256519 which is probably more frequently how
+BolcxROI5Ao-00951-00256519-00257181 its run and so if you're setting up
+BolcxROI5Ao-00952-00257182-00257488 Jenkins project to work with fly away if
+BolcxROI5Ao-00953-00257489-00257730 you're using fly way along with
+BolcxROI5Ao-00954-00257731-00257898 developing your software basically you'd
+BolcxROI5Ao-00955-00257900-00258112 set Jenkins up to watch both your Flyway
+BolcxROI5Ao-00956-00258113-00258357 directory and your software directories
+BolcxROI5Ao-00957-00258358-00258601 for any changes and it checks you know
+BolcxROI5Ao-00958-00258602-00258729 you can you can tell it how often
+BolcxROI5Ao-00959-00258730-00259012 to check and things like that i like to
+BolcxROI5Ao-00960-00259013-00259162 use it with a separate whole separate
+BolcxROI5Ao-00961-00259163-00259296 cluster for Jenkins project that's
+BolcxROI5Ao-00962-00259298-00259671 certainly not it's not necessary but I
+BolcxROI5Ao-00963-00259673-00260003 think it just makes a little easier and
+BolcxROI5Ao-00964-00260004-00260491 I also like to create a project pit sort
+BolcxROI5Ao-00965-00260492-00260638 of an additional project beyond all your
+BolcxROI5Ao-00966-00260639-00260808 software projects that basically just
+BolcxROI5Ao-00967-00260809-00261129 looks at the Flyway directory and just
+BolcxROI5Ao-00968-00261130-00261553 runs that just runs the Flyway probably
+BolcxROI5Ao-00969-00261554-00261814 clean than a migrate whenever anything
+BolcxROI5Ao-00970-00261815-00262000 is checked in that way if somebody
+BolcxROI5Ao-00971-00262001-00262063 checks in something
+BolcxROI5Ao-00972-00262064-00262297 it doesn't work it'll fail immediately
+BolcxROI5Ao-00973-00262298-00262476 and if it does work then they can
+BolcxROI5Ao-00974-00262477-00262624 trigger the downstream build which will
+BolcxROI5Ao-00975-00262625-00262750 actually do something more complex and
+BolcxROI5Ao-00976-00262751-00262948 run some tests things like that but I
+BolcxROI5Ao-00977-00262949-00263085 like just have one that'll just make
+BolcxROI5Ao-00978-00263086-00263842 sure that it runs I like to have my
+BolcxROI5Ao-00979-00263843-00264025 project parameterised in Jenkins which
+BolcxROI5Ao-00980-00264026-00264250 is just an option right the top of the
+BolcxROI5Ao-00981-00264251-00264477 huge list of options and Jenkins and I
+BolcxROI5Ao-00982-00264478-00264793 give it sort of the DB host and database
+BolcxROI5Ao-00983-00264794-00265087 port and the big base name and then if
+BolcxROI5Ao-00984-00265088-00265185 you just have a really simple database
+BolcxROI5Ao-00985-00265186-00265430 and you can use the flyway clean
+BolcxROI5Ao-00986-00265431-00265626 basically you can start out creating
+BolcxROI5Ao-00987-00265627-00265755 your database just like this you'll just
+BolcxROI5Ao-00988-00265756-00266133 say run fly way that the workspace is a
+BolcxROI5Ao-00989-00266134-00266392 variable that you get with Jenkins it's
+BolcxROI5Ao-00990-00266393-00266569 where checked out all your code to it's
+BolcxROI5Ao-00991-00266570-00266941 a run fly way give it the URL the DV
+BolcxROI5Ao-00992-00266942-00267132 host EV port dbname then just run clean
+BolcxROI5Ao-00993-00267133-00267285 and migrate and that'll clean out
+BolcxROI5Ao-00994-00267286-00267412 whatever was there already and then
+BolcxROI5Ao-00995-00267413-00268877 migrate you up to the latest version
+BolcxROI5Ao-00996-00268878-00269145 yeah so the question is is assuming that
+BolcxROI5Ao-00997-00269146-00269565 that your migrations aren't changing why
+BolcxROI5Ao-00998-00269566-00269691 would why would you need to clean first
+BolcxROI5Ao-00999-00269692-00269868 but the thing is your migrations can
+BolcxROI5Ao-01000-00269869-00270162 change if if I'm to actively developing
+BolcxROI5Ao-01001-00270163-00270576 software I'll have your migrations which
+BolcxROI5Ao-01002-00270577-00270693 is not I've been applied to production
+BolcxROI5Ao-01003-00270694-00270927 can change so if I'm actively developing
+BolcxROI5Ao-01004-00270928-00271107 software I'll be you know actively
+BolcxROI5Ao-01005-00271108-00271257 developing my changes to the database
+BolcxROI5Ao-01006-00271258-00271460 and I'll have a migration I think of
+BolcxROI5Ao-01007-00271461-00271653 work and then you know the next day like
+BolcxROI5Ao-01008-00271654-00271893 I should have done you know I should it
+BolcxROI5Ao-01009-00271894-00272148 on a t-bar char instead of 40 bar chart
+BolcxROI5Ao-01010-00272149-00272397 something silly like that and that can
+BolcxROI5Ao-01011-00272398-00272574 change the migration and there's no way
+BolcxROI5Ao-01012-00272575-00272745 to go backwards in the migration so
+BolcxROI5Ao-01013-00272746-00272901 basically you're on the clean and start
+BolcxROI5Ao-01014-00272902-00273560 and it built it from scratch instead of
+BolcxROI5Ao-01015-00273561-00273855 running the clean you can use the
+BolcxROI5Ao-01016-00273856-00273981 postgres tools so you can drop your
+BolcxROI5Ao-01017-00273982-00274503 database and maybe reset your users and
+BolcxROI5Ao-01018-00274504-00274632 create a new database and things like
+BolcxROI5Ao-01019-00274633-00275067 that and this is what I talked about a
+BolcxROI5Ao-01020-00275068-00275316 little bit earlier if you need to if you
+BolcxROI5Ao-01021-00275317-00275496 need to blow data you can run with a
+BolcxROI5Ao-01022-00275497-00275670 specific target and then you would load
+BolcxROI5Ao-01023-00275671-00275882 load your data with your script if you
+BolcxROI5Ao-01024-00275883-00276144 are if you can't load it with your
+BolcxROI5Ao-01025-00276145-00276359 application and then you could run the
+BolcxROI5Ao-01026-00276360-00276608 last migrate here without a target just
+BolcxROI5Ao-01027-00276609-00276809 to get just apply all the rest of the
+BolcxROI5Ao-01028-00276810-00277290 migration all right so it's just to
+BolcxROI5Ao-01029-00277291-00277518 summarize I think migrations are great
+BolcxROI5Ao-01030-00277519-00277665 tool of keeping all your databases and
+BolcxROI5Ao-01031-00277666-00277917 think it's a it's also a really great
+BolcxROI5Ao-01032-00277918-00278043 way to show the current state of the
+BolcxROI5Ao-01033-00278044-00278226 database you get a version that your
+BolcxROI5Ao-01034-00278227-00278424 databases at and you know exactly what
+BolcxROI5Ao-01035-00278425-00278556 changes have been applied to your
+BolcxROI5Ao-01036-00278557-00278807 database allows you to test your
+BolcxROI5Ao-01037-00278808-00278979 database changes because they can go
+BolcxROI5Ao-01038-00278980-00279273 straight into your your automatic builds
+BolcxROI5Ao-01039-00279274-00279663 and things like that I think flyway is a
+BolcxROI5Ao-01040-00279664-00279792 great migration to a certain lyeth only
+BolcxROI5Ao-01041-00279793-00279945 one out there is the one I know best and
+BolcxROI5Ao-01042-00279946-00280175 it's the one that I would recommend but
+BolcxROI5Ao-01043-00280176-00280593 i'm not i'm not a particularly tied to
+BolcxROI5Ao-01044-00280594-00280959 it somehow and it
+BolcxROI5Ao-01045-00280960-00281148 it's a pretty simple tool basically all
+BolcxROI5Ao-01046-00281149-00281334 it's doing is applying the migrations in
+BolcxROI5Ao-01047-00281335-00281676 a specific order and it can do a few
+BolcxROI5Ao-01048-00281677-00281818 other things but that's the meat of it
+BolcxROI5Ao-01049-00281819-00282040 I'm probably mostly people could write
+BolcxROI5Ao-01050-00282041-00282183 here could write something pretty
+BolcxROI5Ao-01051-00282184-00282609 similar but flyway does it well and you
+BolcxROI5Ao-01052-00282610-00282772 can all see you if I wait with Jenkins
+BolcxROI5Ao-01053-00282773-00283168 together to run one any schema change is
+BolcxROI5Ao-01054-00283169-00283353 checked in and just a final reminder
+BolcxROI5Ao-01055-00283354-00283533 that all of your structural changes must
+BolcxROI5Ao-01056-00283534-00283854 be in a migration it just it the whole
+BolcxROI5Ao-01057-00283855-00284143 concept breaks down if you start just
+BolcxROI5Ao-01058-00284144-00284317 adding stuff or changing stuff in
+BolcxROI5Ao-01059-00284318-00284454 production without putting it in
+BolcxROI5Ao-01060-00284455-00284737 migration reverse all right any
+BolcxROI5Ao-01061-00284738-00285474 questions yes what I'm sorry what we
+BolcxROI5Ao-01062-00285475-00286216 have databases that are if you just have
+BolcxROI5Ao-01063-00286217-00287320 something weird
+BolcxROI5Ao-01064-00287321-00287609 okay yeah so something's already out of
+BolcxROI5Ao-01065-00287610-00287777 sync them you're kind of already out
+BolcxROI5Ao-01066-00287778-00287993 away from the migration trail anyway so
+BolcxROI5Ao-01067-00287994-00288392 yeah yeah there you go drop it and start
+BolcxROI5Ao-01068-00288393-00290575 over
+BolcxROI5Ao-01069-00290576-00291058 so it'll so that let me see so there's
+BolcxROI5Ao-01070-00291059-00291337 it'll check the basically the texts and
+BolcxROI5Ao-01071-00291338-00291568 migrations that that are in that sequel
+BolcxROI5Ao-01072-00291569-00291766 folder or the Java folder but it won't
+BolcxROI5Ao-01073-00291767-00291958 it won't go out to your schema and try
+BolcxROI5Ao-01074-00291959-00292192 to check anything there you know it'll
+BolcxROI5Ao-01075-00292193-00292450 make sure that those txt files or Java
+BolcxROI5Ao-01076-00292451-00292591 files or whatever have not changed at
+BolcxROI5Ao-01077-00292592-00292843 all but that's that's that's all the
+BolcxROI5Ao-01078-00292844-00293725 validation that will really do the
+BolcxROI5Ao-01079-00293726-00293905 question is because you run callbacks as
+BolcxROI5Ao-01080-00293906-00294085 part of my great to potentially load
+BolcxROI5Ao-01081-00294086-00294385 data and I'm sure you could you know
+BolcxROI5Ao-01082-00294386-00294607 their callbacks all over that migration
+BolcxROI5Ao-01083-00294608-00294769 cycle where you can run before cleaning
+BolcxROI5Ao-01084-00294770-00294967 after clean before migrate Africa my
+BolcxROI5Ao-01085-00294968-00295108 great after each migration and things
+BolcxROI5Ao-01086-00295109-00296140 like that yeah well somehow you'd have
+BolcxROI5Ao-01087-00296141-00296287 to tell it to not run in production I'm
+BolcxROI5Ao-01088-00296288-00296512 not sure exactly how to do that but but
+BolcxROI5Ao-01089-00296513-00296812 uh yeah you know I'm sure sure you can
+BolcxROI5Ao-01090-00296813-00297019 figure it out somehow it all your lovers
+BolcxROI5Ao-01091-00297020-00297202 drop this after if you want your
+BolcxROI5Ao-01092-00297203-00297361 environment to work properly drop this
+BolcxROI5Ao-01093-00297362-00297853 after migrating yeah yeah all right well
+BolcxROI5Ao-01094-00297854-00298012 we're kind of at a time thank you all if
+BolcxROI5Ao-01095-00298013-00298171 you feel free to ask me more questions
+BolcxROI5Ao-01096-00298172-00298600 up up here but thank you
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00000-00000051-00000317 the field of articulatory phonetics as a
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00001-00000318-00000539 subfield of phonetics in studying
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00002-00000540-00000773 articulation phoneticians explained how
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00003-00000774-00000968 humans produce speech sounds via the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00004-00000969-00001165 interaction of different physiological
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00005-00001166-00001472 structures generally articulatory
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00006-00001473-00001622 phonetics is concerned with the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00007-00001623-00001832 transformation of aerodynamic energy
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00008-00001832-00002167 into acoustic energy aerodynamic energy
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00009-00002168-00002323 refers to the airflow through the vocal
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00010-00002324-00002599 tract its potential form as air pressure
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00011-00002600-00002848 it's kinetic form as the actual dynamic
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00012-00002849-00003181 airflow acoustic energy is variation in
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00013-00003182-00003317 the air pressure that can be represented
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00014-00003318-00003547 as sound waves which are then perceived
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00015-00003548-00004268 by the human auditory system is sound
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00016-00004269-00004788 topic components
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00017-00004789-00005010 the vocal tract can be viewed through an
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00018-00005011-00005229 aerodynamic biomechanic model that
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00019-00005230-00005505 includes three main components air
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00020-00005506-00005955 cavities Pistons air valves air cavities
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00021-00005956-00006138 are containers of air molecules of
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00022-00006139-00006434 specific volumes and masses the main air
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00023-00006436-00006612 cavities present in the articulatory
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00024-00006613-00006845 system are the super glottal cavity and
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00025-00006847-00007113 the subglottal cavity they are so named
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00026-00007114-00007305 because the glottis the opening space
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00027-00007306-00007509 between the vocal folds internal to the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00028-00007509-00007796 larynx separates the two cavities the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00029-00007797-00008009 super glottal cavity or the Ora nasal
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00030-00008011-00008210 cavity is divided into an oral sub
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00031-00008211-00008418 cavity the cavity from the glottis to
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00032-00008419-00008613 the lips excluding the nasal cavity and
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00033-00008614-00008835 a nasal sub cavity the cavity from the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00034-00008836-00009030 Velo pharyngeal port which can be closed
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00035-00009031-00009279 by raising the velum the sub glottal
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00036-00009280-00009477 cavity consists of the trachea and the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00037-00009478-00009717 lungs the atmosphere external to the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00038-00009718-00009957 articulatory stem may also be considered
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00039-00009958-00010163 an air cavity whose potential connecting
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00040-00010164-00010332 points with respect to the body are the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00041-00010333-00010620 nostrils in the lips pistons are
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00042-00010621-00010866 initiators the term initiator refers to
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00043-00010867-00011037 the fact that they are used to initiate
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00044-00011038-00011256 a change in the volumes of air cavities
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00045-00011257-00011499 and by Boyle's law the corresponding air
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00046-00011500-00011727 pressure of the cavity the term
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00047-00011728-00011978 initiation refers to the change since
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00048-00011979-00012138 changes in air pressures between
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00049-00012139-00012309 connected cavities lead to airflow
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00050-00012310-00012564 between the cavities initiation is also
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00051-00012565-00012721 referred to as an airstream mechanism
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00052-00012722-00012971 the three pistons present in the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00053-00012972-00013194 articulatory system are the larynx the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00054-00013194-00013340 tongue body and the physiological
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00055-00013341-00013563 structures used to manipulate lung
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00056-00013563-00013778 volume in particular the floor in the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00057-00013779-00014052 walls of the chest the lung Pistons are
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00058-00014053-00014259 used to initiate a pulmonic airstream
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00059-00014260-00014547 found in all human languages the larynx
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00060-00014547-00014715 is used to initiate the glottal ich
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00061-00014716-00014894 airstream mechanism by changing the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00062-00014895-00015053 volume of the supra glottal and
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00063-00015054-00015246 subglottal cavities via vertical
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00064-00015247-00015402 movement of the larynx with a closed
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00065-00015403-00015687 glottis objectives and implosives are
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00066-00015688-00015888 made with this airstream mechanism the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00067-00015888-00016110 tongue body creates a Valera care steam
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00068-00016111-00016290 by changing the pressure within the oral
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00069-00016291-00016500 cavity the tongue body changes the mouth
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00070-00016501-00016788 sub cavity click consonants use the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00071-00016789-00017031 Balearic airstream mechanism Pistons are
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00072-00017032-00017337 controlled by various muscles Valve's
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00073-00017338-00017519 regulate air flow between cavities
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00074-00017520-00017783 airflow occurs when an air valve is open
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00075-00017784-00017910 and there is a pressure difference
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00076-00017911-00018129 between the connecting cavities
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00077-00018130-00018336 when an air valve is closed there is no
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00078-00018337-00018567 air flow the air valves are the vocal
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00079-00018568-00018789 folds the glottis which regulate between
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00080-00018790-00018957 the super glottal and subglottal
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00081-00018958-00019173 cavities the Velo pharyngeal port which
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00082-00019174-00019335 regulates between the oral and nasal
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00083-00019336-00019554 cavities the tongue which regulates
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00084-00019555-00019710 between the oral cavity and the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00085-00019711-00019902 atmosphere and the lips which also
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00086-00019903-00020097 regulate between the oral cavity and the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00087-00020098-00020352 atmosphere like the Pistons the air
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00088-00020353-00020547 valves are also controlled by various
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00089-00020548-00021102 muscles
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00090-00021103-00021633 topic initiation
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00091-00021634-00021882 to produce any kind of sound there must
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00092-00021883-00022146 be movement of air to produce sounds
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00093-00022147-00022314 that people can interpret as spoken
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00094-00022315-00022515 words the movement of air must pass
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00095-00022516-00022689 through the vocal cords up through the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00096-00022690-00022866 throat and into the mouth or nose to
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00097-00022867-00023118 then leave the body different sounds are
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00098-00023119-00023286 formed by different positions of the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00099-00023287-00023580 mouth or as linguists call it the oral
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00100-00023581-00023844 cavity to distinguish it from the nasal
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00101-00023845-00024364 cavity
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00102-00024365-00025075 topic the two classes of sounds sounds
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00103-00025076-00025239 of all languages fall under two
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00104-00025240-00025918 categories consonants and vowels
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00105-00025919-00026415 topic consonants
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00106-00026416-00026640 consonants are produced with some form
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00107-00026641-00026823 of restriction or closing in the vocal
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00108-00026824-00027007 tract that hinders the airflow from the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00109-00027008-00027255 lungs consonants are classified
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00110-00027256-00027426 according to where in the vocal tract
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00111-00027427-00027687 the airflow has been restricted this is
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00112-00027688-00028314 also known as the place of articulation
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00113-00028315-00028712 topic places of articulation
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00114-00028713-00028869 you
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00115-00028870-00029070 movement of the tongue and lips can
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00116-00029070-00029223 create these constrictions and by
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00117-00029224-00029402 forming the oral cavity in different
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00118-00029404-00030027 ways different sounds can be produced
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00119-00030029-00030485 topic bilabial
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00120-00030486-00030720 bilabial sounds are produced with both
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00121-00030720-00031380 lips such as B M and P
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00122-00031381-00031852 topic labia dental
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00123-00031852-00032158 F and V are articulated by placing the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00124-00032158-00032737 upper teeth against the lower lip
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00125-00032738-00033155 topic interdental
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00126-00033156-00033609 theta and are both spelled as th theta
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00127-00033610-00033864 as in think as in uh they are pronounced
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00128-00033865-00034014 by inserting the tip of the tongue
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00129-00034015-00034525 between the tea
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00130-00034526-00034968 topic alveolar
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00131-00034969-00035424 t DN s Z L R are produced in many ways
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00132-00035425-00035601 where the tongue is raised towards the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00133-00035602-00035979 alveolar Ridge T D n the tip of the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00134-00035980-00036276 tongue is raised and touches the ridge s
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00135-00036277-00036501 Z the sides of the front of the tongue
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00136-00036502-00036687 are raised but the tip is lowered so
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00137-00036688-00036993 that air escapes over it L the tip of
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00138-00036994-00037164 the tongue is raised while the rest of
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00139-00037165-00037344 the tongue remains down permitting air
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00140-00037345-00037653 to escape over its sides hence L is
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00141-00037654-00038082 called a lateral sound m BN our IPA curl
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00142-00038083-00038238 the tip of tongue back behind the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00143-00038239-00038430 alveolar Ridge or bunch up the top of
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00144-00038431-00038601 the tongue behind the ridge the air
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00145-00038602-00038763 escapes through the central part of the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00146-00038764-00039217 mouth
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00147-00039218-00039737 topic palatal
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00148-00039738-00040008 tdj are produced by raising the front
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00149-00040009-00040572 part of the tongue to the palate
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00150-00040573-00040993 topic velar
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00151-00040994-00041278 kay are produced by raising the back
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00152-00041279-00041476 part of the tongue to the soft palate or
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00153-00041477-00041948 the vellum
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00154-00041949-00042401 topic uvular
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00155-00042402-00042671 q these sounds are produced by raising
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00156-00042672-00042917 the back of the tongue to the uvula the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00157-00042918-00043142 are in French and German may be annular
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00158-00043143-00043487 trill symbolized by the uvular sounds q
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00159-00043488-00043715 and occur in arabic these do not
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00160-00043716-00044242 normally occur in English
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00161-00044243-00044676 topic vlad all
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00162-00044677-00044979 H the sound H is from the flow of air
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00163-00044980-00045180 coming from an open glottis past the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00164-00045181-00045330 tongue and lips as they prepare to
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00165-00045331-00045495 pronounce a vowel sound which always
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00166-00045496-00045693 follows H if the air is stopped
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00167-00045694-00045876 completely at the glottis by tightly
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00168-00045877-00046064 closed vocal cords the sound upon
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00169-00046065-00046251 release of the cords is called a glottal
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00170-00046252-00046787 stop
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00171-00046788-00047277 topic vowels
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00172-00047278-00047496 bowels are produced by the passage of
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00173-00047497-00047664 air through the larynx and the vocal
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00174-00047665-00047955 tract most vowels are voiced ie the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00175-00047956-00048240 vocal folds are vibrating except in some
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00176-00048241-00048480 marginal cases the vocal tract is open
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00177-00048481-00048654 so that the air stream is able to escape
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00178-00048655-00048989 without generating fricative noise
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00179-00048990-00049245 variation in vowel quality is produced
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00180-00049246-00049440 by means of the following articulatory
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00181-00049441-00049868 structures
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00182-00049869-00050348 topic the larynx
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00183-00050349-00050549 the larynx is used to differentiate
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00184-00050550-00050834 voiced and voiceless vowels in addition
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00185-00050835-00051011 the pitch of the vowel is changed by
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00186-00051012-00051205 altering the frequency of vibration of
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00187-00051207-00051490 the vocal folds in some languages there
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00188-00051491-00051650 are contrasts among vowels with
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00189-00051651-00052227 different phonation types
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00190-00052228-00052878 topic for injeel area vowels may be made
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00191-00052879-00053082 Ferengi alized also epiglottal eyes
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00192-00053083-00053307 distinct erik or strident by means of a
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00193-00053308-00053577 retraction of the tongue root vowels may
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00194-00053578-00053799 also be articulated with advanced tongue
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00195-00053800-00054005 root there is discussion of whether this
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00196-00054007-00054258 vowel feature ATR is different from the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00197-00054259-00054888 tense blacks distinction in vowels
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00198-00054889-00055426 topic soft palate vellum
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00199-00055427-00055638 bowels are normally produced with the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00200-00055639-00055816 soft palate raised so that no air
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00201-00055816-00056107 escapes through the nose however vowels
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00202-00056108-00056280 may be maze alized as a result of
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00203-00056282-00056569 lowering the soft palate many languages
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00204-00056570-00057175 use nasalization contrastive ly
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00205-00057176-00057619 topic tongue
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00206-00057620-00057862 the tongue is a highly flexible organ
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00207-00057863-00058038 that is capable of being moved in many
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00208-00058039-00058324 different ways for vowel articulation
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00209-00058325-00058500 the principle variations are vowel
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00210-00058501-00058690 height in the dimension of backness and
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00211-00058691-00058966 front Ness a less common variation in
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00212-00058966-00059146 vowel quality can be produced by a
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00213-00059147-00059313 change in the shape of the front of the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00214-00059314-00059500 tongue resulting in a rhotic or rota
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00215-00059501-00060023 sized vowel
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00216-00060024-00060474 topic lips
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00217-00060475-00060692 the lips play a major role in vowel
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00218-00060693-00060936 articulation it is generally believed
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00219-00060937-00061110 that two major variables are in effect
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00220-00061111-00061361 lip rounding or labial ization and lip
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00221-00061362-00061921 protrusion
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00222-00061922-00062595 topic airflow for all practical purposes
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00223-00062596-00062836 temperature can be treated as constant
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00224-00062837-00063124 in the articulatory system thus Boyle's
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00225-00063125-00063348 law can usefully be written
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00226-00063349-00064100 as the following two equations p1 v1
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00227-00064101-00065030 equals p2 v2 display style P underscore
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00228-00065032-00065330 one V underscore one equals P underscore
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00229-00065332-00066368 2 B underscore 2 v1 v1 plus Delta V
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00230-00066369-00067716 equals p1 plus Delta P p1 display style
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00231-00067717-00068055 frac v underscore one V underscore 1
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00232-00068056-00068259 plus Delta v equals
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00233-00068260-00068628 frac P underscore 1 plus Delta P P
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00234-00068629-00068946 underscore 1 what the above equations
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00235-00068947-00069096 Express is that given an initial
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00236-00069097-00069375 pressure p1 and volume 5 one at time 1
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00237-00069376-00069551 the product of these two values will be
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00238-00069552-00069747 equal to the product of the pressure p2
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00239-00069748-00070101 and volume 5/2 at a later time 2 this
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00240-00070102-00070254 means that if there is an increase in
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00241-00070255-00070437 the volume of cavity there will be a
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00242-00070438-00070638 corresponding decrease in pressure of
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00243-00070639-00070824 that same cavity and vice versa
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00244-00070825-00071106 in other words volume and pressure are
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00245-00071107-00071310 inversely proportional or negatively
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00246-00071311-00071592 correlated to each other as applied to a
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00247-00071593-00071790 description of the subglottal cavity
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00248-00071791-00071988 when the lung pistons contract the lungs
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00249-00071989-00072192 the volume of the subtitle cavity
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00250-00072193-00072363 decreases while the subglottal air
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00251-00072364-00072638 pressure increases conversely if the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00252-00072639-00072806 lungs are expanded the pressure
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00253-00072807-00073149 decreases a situation can be considered
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00254-00073150-00073374 where 1 the vocal fold valve is closed
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00255-00073375-00073587 separating the supra glottal cavity from
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00256-00073588-00073797 the subglottal cavity to the mouth is
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00257-00073798-00074004 open and therefore super glottal air
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00258-00074005-00074126 pressure is equal to atmospheric
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00259-00074127-00074406 pressure and 3 the lungs are contracted
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00260-00074407-00074594 resulting in a sub glottal pressure that
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00261-00074595-00074751 has increased to a pressure that is
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00262-00074752-00075003 greater than atmospheric pressure if the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00263-00075004-00075240 vocal fold valve is subsequently opened
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00264-00075241-00075435 the previously two separate cavities
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00265-00075436-00075654 become one unified cavity although the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00266-00075655-00075843 cavities will still be aerodynamically
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00267-00075844-00076029 isolated because the glottic valve
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00268-00076030-00076212 between them is relatively small and
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00269-00076213-00076485 constrictive Pascal's law states that
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00270-00076486-00076656 the pressure within a system must be
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00271-00076657-00076731 equal to
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00272-00076732-00076980 the system when the sub glottal pressure
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00273-00076981-00077157 is greater than super glottal pressure
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00274-00077158-00077346 there is a pressure inequality in the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00275-00077347-00077640 unified cavity since pressure is a force
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00276-00077641-00077847 applied to a surface area by definition
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00277-00077848-00078063 and a force is the product of mass and
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00278-00078064-00078228 acceleration according to Newton's
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00279-00078229-00078426 second law of motion the pressure in
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00280-00078427-00078633 equality will be resolved by having part
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00281-00078634-00078831 of the mass in air molecules found in
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00282-00078832-00079035 the subglottal cavity move to the supra
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00283-00079036-00079314 glottal cavity this movement of mass is
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00284-00079315-00079548 airflow the airflow will continue until
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00285-00079549-00079733 a pressure equilibrium is reached
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00286-00079734-00079995 similarly in an objective consonant with
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00287-00079996-00080184 a glottal ik airstream mechanism the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00288-00080185-00080319 lips are the tongue ie
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00289-00080320-00080499 the buccal or lingual valve are
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00290-00080500-00080682 initially closed and the closed glottis
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00291-00080683-00080874 the laryngeal piston is raised
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00292-00080875-00081093 decreasing the oral cavity volume behind
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00293-00081094-00081276 the valve closure and increasing the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00294-00081277-00081435 pressure compared to the volume and
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00295-00081436-00081681 pressure at a resting state when the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00296-00081682-00081870 closed valve is opened airflow will
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00297-00081871-00082026 result from the cavity behind the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00298-00082027-00082221 initial closure outward until intraoral
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00299-00082222-00082356 pressure is equal to atmospheric
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00300-00082357-00082665 pressure that as air will flow from a
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00301-00082666-00082875 cavity of higher pressure to a cavity of
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00302-00082876-00083058 lower pressure until the equilibrium
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00303-00083059-00083232 point the pressure is potential energy
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00304-00083233-00083445 as thus converted into air flow as
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00305-00083446-00084045 kinetic energy
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00306-00084046-00084598 topic sound sources
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00307-00084599-00084856 sound sources refer to the conversion of
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00308-00084857-00085099 aerodynamic energy into acoustic energy
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00309-00085100-00085336 there are two main types of sound
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00310-00085337-00085549 sources in the articulatory system
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00311-00085550-00085825 periodic or more precisely semi periodic
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00312-00085826-00086143 and aperiodic a periodic sound sources
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00313-00086144-00086353 vocal fold vibration produced at the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00314-00086354-00086524 glottis found in vowels and voiced
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00315-00086525-00086839 consonants a less common periodic sound
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00316-00086840-00087025 source is the vibration of an aural
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00317-00087026-00087199 articulator like the tongue found in
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00318-00087200-00087529 alveolar trills aperiodic sound sources
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00319-00087530-00087697 are the turbulent noise of fricative
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00320-00087698-00087892 consonants and the short noise burst of
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00321-00087893-00088081 plosive releases produced in the oral
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00322-00088082-00088607 cavity
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00323-00088608-00089178 topic periodic sources
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00324-00089179-00089484 non vocal fold vibration twenty to forty
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00325-00089485-00089675 Hertz cycles per second
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00326-00089676-00090108 vocal fold vibration lower limit 70 to
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00327-00090109-00090348 80 Hertz modal bass thirty to forty
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00328-00090349-00090783 Hertz creaky upper limit 1170 Hertz
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00329-00090784-00091219 soprano
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00330-00091220-00091913 topic vocal fold vibration larynx
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00331-00091914-00092392 cricoid cartilage thyroid cartilage for
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00332-00092393-00092647 it annoyed cartilage interet annoyed
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00333-00092648-00092943 muscles full deduction posterior
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00334-00092944-00093194 cricoarytenoid muscle fold abduction
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00335-00093195-00093436 lateral cricoarytenoid muscle fold
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00336-00093437-00093693 shortening stiffening thyroarytenoid
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00337-00093694-00093931 muscle medial compression folds
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00338-00093932-00094169 stiffening internal two folds
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00339-00094170-00094434 cricothyroid muscle fold lengthening
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00340-00094435-00094828 hyoid bone sternothyroid muscle lowers
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00341-00094829-00095241 thyroid sternohyoid muscle lowers hyoid
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00342-00095242-00095641 stylohyoid muscle raises hyoid digastric
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00343-00095642-00096205 muscle raises hyoid
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00344-00096206-00096804 topic experimental techniques
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00345-00096805-00097241 plethysmography electromyography
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00346-00097242-00097646 photograph e electro luring a graph e
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00347-00097647-00097971 magnetic resonance imaging MRI real-time
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00348-00097972-00098546 MRI radiography medical ultrasonography
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00349-00098547-00098891 electromagnetic articular graphy aroma
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00350-00098892-00099000 tree
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00351-00099001-00099679 endoscopy video kamagra fee
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00352-00099680-00100212 topic palate ography
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00353-00100213-00100451 in order to understand how sounds are
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00354-00100452-00100668 made experimental procedures are often
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00355-00100669-00100931 adopted pallette ography is one of the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00356-00100932-00101132 oldest instrumental phonetic techniques
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00357-00101133-00101363 used to record data regarding articulate
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00358-00101364-00101624 errs in traditional static palate
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00359-00101625-00101841 ography a speaker's palate is coated
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00360-00101842-00102080 with a dark powder the speaker then
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00361-00102081-00102299 produces a word usually with a single
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00362-00102300-00102552 continent the tongue wipes away some of
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00363-00102553-00102680 the powder at the place of articulation
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00364-00102681-00102996 the experimenter can then use a mirror
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00365-00102997-00103200 to photograph the entire upper surface
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00366-00103201-00103452 of the speaker's mouth this photograph
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00367-00103453-00103671 in which the place of articulation can
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00368-00103672-00103863 be seen as the area where the powder has
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00369-00103864-00104057 been removed is called a pallid a gram
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00370-00104058-00104264 technology has since made possible
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00371-00104265-00104618 electro palate ography or EPG in order
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00372-00104619-00104847 to collect EPG data the speaker is
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00373-00104848-00105048 fitted with a special prosthetic palate
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00374-00105049-00105227 which contains a number of electrodes
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00375-00105228-00105494 the way in which the electrodes are
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00376-00105495-00105764 contacted by the tongue during speech
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00377-00105765-00105959 provides phoneticians with important
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00378-00105960-00106146 information such as how much of the
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00379-00106147-00106344 palate has contacted in different speech
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00380-00106345-00106548 sounds or which regions of the palate
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00381-00106549-00106727 are contacted or with the duration of
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00382-00106728-00107322 the contact us
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00383-00107323-00107825 topic see also
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00384-00107826-00108189 list of phonetics topics manner of
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00385-00108190-00108639 articulation place of articulation basis
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00386-00108640-00109084 of articulation vowel consonant
+BoYqlj5KkVQ-00387-00109085-00109440 International phonetic alphabet
+B0rby0UjxEM-00000-00000000-00000161 hi everybody Ace of Hearts walks here
+B0rby0UjxEM-00001-00000162-00000698 and I'm not good yeah so if you guys
+B0rby0UjxEM-00002-00000699-00000875 follow my social media stuff you know
+B0rby0UjxEM-00003-00000876-00001115 that I recently moved out of my place in
+B0rby0UjxEM-00004-00001116-00001300 Huntington Beach and now I finally have
+B0rby0UjxEM-00005-00001301-00001579 my video set up all rebuilt and ready so
+B0rby0UjxEM-00006-00001580-00001742 I can make you guys videos again and
+B0rby0UjxEM-00007-00001743-00001957 actually I have a fursuit Friday video
+B0rby0UjxEM-00008-00001959-00002141 all loaded up for you guys so that'll be
+B0rby0UjxEM-00009-00002142-00002372 uploaded first thing tomorrow also I'm
+B0rby0UjxEM-00010-00002373-00002555 going to Midwest fur fest in Chicago
+B0rby0UjxEM-00011-00002556-00002687 this weekend so if you guys are there
+B0rby0UjxEM-00012-00002688-00002912 come say hi I'm also doing a collab
+B0rby0UjxEM-00013-00002913-00003142 there so maybe you guys will see
+B0rby0UjxEM-00014-00003143-00003379 something cool soon let's see what else
+B0rby0UjxEM-00015-00003380-00003586 is there to cover today oh yeah suppose
+B0rby0UjxEM-00016-00003588-00003758 you guys who don't know I also have a 3d
+B0rby0UjxEM-00017-00003759-00003917 printing business it's called Foxtrot
+B0rby0UjxEM-00018-00003918-00004109 workshop and we mostly deal with first
+B0rby0UjxEM-00019-00004110-00004279 suit accessories so I'll leave a store
+B0rby0UjxEM-00020-00004280-00004429 link down below and you can check that
+B0rby0UjxEM-00021-00004430-00004613 out so that's all I really got for you
+B0rby0UjxEM-00022-00004614-00004760 guys today for the most part I just
+B0rby0UjxEM-00023-00004761-00004910 wanted to show you all about my video
+B0rby0UjxEM-00024-00004911-00005183 setup all rebuilt I'm not dead and I'll
+B0rby0UjxEM-00025-00005184-00005327 see you all at Midwest fur Fest this
+B0rby0UjxEM-00026-00005328-00005470 weekend talk to you all later
+B0rby0UjxEM-00027-00005471-00005794 bye Shh
+B1aDjkq3Mly-00000-00000206-00000529 we can select on the top-left corner an
+B1aDjkq3Mly-00001-00000530-00000801 example of equivalent fraction you can
+B1aDjkq3Mly-00002-00000802-00001173 also allow the students to see look at
+B1aDjkq3Mly-00003-00001174-00001556 different representations
+B1aDjkq3Mly-00004-00001557-00001780 okay and you can see how this is the
+B1aDjkq3Mly-00005-00001782-00002099 same or not the same and now let's
+B1aDjkq3Mly-00006-00002100-00002363 change it back to circles and in this
+B1aDjkq3Mly-00007-00002364-00002810 example we can let's say unrelated
+B1aDjkq3Mly-00008-00002811-00003071 fractions and in these unrelated
+B1aDjkq3Mly-00009-00003072-00003256 fractions this is typically difficult
+B1aDjkq3Mly-00010-00003257-00003524 for students because of the denominator
+B1aDjkq3Mly-00011-00003525-00003736 so we have to click on the button say
+B1aDjkq3Mly-00012-00003738-00004079 mix same size and it was something far
+B1aDjkq3Mly-00013-00004079-00004429 into the common denominator to allow the
+B1aDjkq3Mly-00014-00004430-00004679 students who then compare that this has
+B1aDjkq3Mly-00015-00004680-00005099 nine pieces whereas the other one has 10
+B1aDjkq3Mly-00016-00005100-00005510 and therefore 10 pieces is larger and
+B1aDjkq3Mly-00017-00005511-00005738 you can click back and it will show by
+B1aDjkq3Mly-00018-00005739-00005987 the original fraction now this is not
+B1aDjkq3Mly-00019-00005988-00006230 the end we also would like students to
+B1aDjkq3Mly-00020-00006231-00006452 them design their own questions so
+B1aDjkq3Mly-00021-00006453-00006659 perhaps I would like to decide for
+B1aDjkq3Mly-00022-00006659-00006992 myself how is create quarters compared
+B1aDjkq3Mly-00023-00006993-00007523 to let's say 5 let's say 5 over 6 so I
+B1aDjkq3Mly-00024-00007523-00007864 gotta choose a 6 first enters the 5 and
+B1aDjkq3Mly-00025-00007865-00008056 then you can see how these are related
+B1aDjkq3Mly-00026-00008058-00008321 again
+B30j_FPIlnY-00000-00000096-00000351 let's play some terminator 2 judgment
+B30j_FPIlnY-00001-00000352-00000719 day on nintendo entertainment system the
+B30j_FPIlnY-00002-00000720-00000991 computer whooped my ass
+B30j_FPIlnY-00003-00000992-00001295 on this game last time and i'm back with
+B30j_FPIlnY-00004-00001296-00001447 a vengeance
+B30j_FPIlnY-00005-00001448-00001743 this time we got infinite lives on and
+B30j_FPIlnY-00006-00001744-00001918 we're gonna blow through this thing with
+B30j_FPIlnY-00007-00001919-00002263 the game genie on our new nintendo uh
+B30j_FPIlnY-00008-00002264-00002447 terminator 2 with arnold schwarzenegger
+B30j_FPIlnY-00009-00002448-00002647 was one of my favorite movies as a kid
+B30j_FPIlnY-00010-00002648-00002934 growing up i'm so pumped there's a video
+B30j_FPIlnY-00011-00002935-00003079 game for this
+B30j_FPIlnY-00012-00003080-00003319 and uh we gotta get past that second
+B30j_FPIlnY-00013-00003320-00003663 stage this time what's up billy myers
+B30j_FPIlnY-00014-00003664-00004086 aka bildo cody hebert is back
+B30j_FPIlnY-00015-00004087-00004383 are you ready for this are you ready i'm
+B30j_FPIlnY-00016-00004384-00004631 ready let's go baby let's [__] him up
+B30j_FPIlnY-00017-00004632-00004967 let's [__] him up
+B30j_FPIlnY-00018-00004968-00005135 going straight in
+B30j_FPIlnY-00019-00005136-00005327 going straight in what's up wesley carl
+B30j_FPIlnY-00020-00005328-00005599 nice to see you mike corona jose let me
+B30j_FPIlnY-00021-00005600-00005895 put those rugrats those your kids to
+B30j_FPIlnY-00022-00005896-00006095 sleep all right let's go baby
+B30j_FPIlnY-00023-00006096-00006311 get it in there get it in there this
+B30j_FPIlnY-00024-00006312-00006534 game was out before i was born cody says
+B30j_FPIlnY-00025-00006536-00006814 nice yup 1991.
+B30j_FPIlnY-00026-00006815-00007110 michael coming in fast with the 100
+B30j_FPIlnY-00027-00007111-00007383 stars thank you very much michael
+B30j_FPIlnY-00028-00007384-00007534 we don't even have to kill any of these
+B30j_FPIlnY-00029-00007536-00007655 guys
+B30j_FPIlnY-00030-00007656-00007870 just kidding we do we do have to kill
+B30j_FPIlnY-00031-00007872-00008127 these guys i am ready today i know last
+B30j_FPIlnY-00032-00008128-00008383 time hey michael first stars what's up
+B30j_FPIlnY-00033-00008384-00008663 joseph martinez
+B30j_FPIlnY-00034-00008664-00008846 i know last time i did this i wasn't
+B30j_FPIlnY-00035-00008847-00009023 cursing too so
+B30j_FPIlnY-00036-00009024-00009127 we can
+B30j_FPIlnY-00037-00009128-00009374 we can get the the swear words out and
+B30j_FPIlnY-00038-00009375-00009631 compare this stream to the last stream
+B30j_FPIlnY-00039-00009632-00009883 that i did with
+B30j_FPIlnY-00040-00009884-00010110 terminator i'm not amazed you would
+B30j_FPIlnY-00041-00010111-00010287 think this terminator would have a lot
+B30j_FPIlnY-00042-00010288-00010671 of health but these dudes whoop his ass
+B30j_FPIlnY-00043-00010672-00010855 and his guy not to mention this guy on
+B30j_FPIlnY-00044-00010856-00011038 the bike
+B30j_FPIlnY-00045-00011039-00011238 and for some reason the next boss is
+B30j_FPIlnY-00046-00011239-00011567 hella thick on him too
+B30j_FPIlnY-00047-00011568-00011727 oh yeah
+B30j_FPIlnY-00048-00011728-00011903 i'm so excited this
+B30j_FPIlnY-00049-00011904-00012206 i got a game genie specifically for this
+B30j_FPIlnY-00050-00012207-00012446 game i'm like i need to play i need to
+B30j_FPIlnY-00051-00012447-00012638 play terminator 2
+B30j_FPIlnY-00052-00012639-00012951 with a game genie
+B30j_FPIlnY-00053-00012952-00013111 that was
+B30j_FPIlnY-00054-00013112-00013335 that was hella shitty last time getting
+B30j_FPIlnY-00055-00013336-00013607 [__] up so quick
+B30j_FPIlnY-00056-00013608-00013830 dude i was laughing reading the comments
+B30j_FPIlnY-00057-00013831-00014063 on my stream earlier
+B30j_FPIlnY-00058-00014063-00014335 hey man
+B30j_FPIlnY-00059-00014336-00014583 hey i love that i love to hear that oh
+B30j_FPIlnY-00060-00014584-00014671 [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00061-00014672-00014879 let me jump up on here
+B30j_FPIlnY-00062-00014880-00014999 all right [__] it we'll just punch him
+B30j_FPIlnY-00063-00015000-00015327 in the face
+B30j_FPIlnY-00064-00015328-00015438 come on
+B30j_FPIlnY-00065-00015440-00015630 you're up with me who do you think i am
+B30j_FPIlnY-00066-00015631-00015799 you [__] bad boy
+B30j_FPIlnY-00067-00015800-00015943 like hey wait a minute why is he putting
+B30j_FPIlnY-00068-00015944-00016111 scarface lines in terminator that
+B30j_FPIlnY-00069-00016112-00016439 doesn't make any sense
+B30j_FPIlnY-00070-00016440-00016894 thank you for the five hundo baby
+B30j_FPIlnY-00071-00016895-00017039 chill out
+B30j_FPIlnY-00072-00017040-00017158 dickwad
+B30j_FPIlnY-00073-00017159-00017343 there we go now we get some terminator
+B30j_FPIlnY-00074-00017344-00017558 lines in here oh [__] the motorcycle
+B30j_FPIlnY-00075-00017559-00017935 rammy right over
+B30j_FPIlnY-00076-00017936-00018103 what did hey hold up i need to see what
+B30j_FPIlnY-00077-00018104-00018239 did billy say billy said i know i'm
+B30j_FPIlnY-00078-00018240-00018439 following you long but you make my dad
+B30j_FPIlnY-00079-00018440-00018830 you make my dad so much better you might
+B30j_FPIlnY-00080-00018831-00019079 [__] how do i unpause oh there we go you
+B30j_FPIlnY-00081-00019080-00019255 make my day so much better oh my great
+B30j_FPIlnY-00082-00019256-00019407 pleasure
+B30j_FPIlnY-00083-00019408-00020047 mike thanks for the hundo mike
+B30j_FPIlnY-00084-00020048-00020279 i love making your day better that's
+B30j_FPIlnY-00085-00020280-00020486 that's my whole goal is to make you if i
+B30j_FPIlnY-00086-00020487-00020622 can make your day just a little bit
+B30j_FPIlnY-00087-00020623-00020822 better i swear there were some days
+B30j_FPIlnY-00088-00020823-00021150 where i damn near killed myself
+B30j_FPIlnY-00089-00021151-00021414 i swear the only reason i didn't is
+B30j_FPIlnY-00090-00021415-00021527 because
+B30j_FPIlnY-00091-00021528-00021775 you know i had my family loved me just
+B30j_FPIlnY-00092-00021776-00021927 enough
+B30j_FPIlnY-00093-00021928-00022222 and people had helped me just enough to
+B30j_FPIlnY-00094-00022223-00022471 love myself that day like i swear some
+B30j_FPIlnY-00095-00022472-00022663 days it came down to like one person
+B30j_FPIlnY-00096-00022664-00022919 smiling at me so i figure if i can be
+B30j_FPIlnY-00097-00022920-00023111 that difference in your life or somebody
+B30j_FPIlnY-00098-00023112-00023263 you know life
+B30j_FPIlnY-00099-00023264-00023422 i'll do whatever i can to make that
+B30j_FPIlnY-00100-00023423-00023607 happen what's up tyler nice to see you
+B30j_FPIlnY-00101-00023608-00023863 nathaniel let's go shannon what's up you
+B30j_FPIlnY-00102-00023864-00024047 missed out on my moving out stream with
+B30j_FPIlnY-00103-00024048-00024367 me and zachary damn it i got distracted
+B30j_FPIlnY-00104-00024368-00024647 i was planning to watch your stream
+B30j_FPIlnY-00105-00024648-00024807 and then i was replying to all these
+B30j_FPIlnY-00106-00024808-00024983 facebook comments dude the facebook
+B30j_FPIlnY-00107-00024984-00025214 comments are funny i think some of the
+B30j_FPIlnY-00108-00025215-00025414 haters or the you know the people you
+B30j_FPIlnY-00109-00025415-00025591 might look at as haters like have the
+B30j_FPIlnY-00110-00025592-00025878 biggest hard-ons for me i'm like
+B30j_FPIlnY-00111-00025879-00026111 who the hell watches enough of my stream
+B30j_FPIlnY-00112-00026112-00026461 to talk this level of [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00113-00026462-00026758 [Laughter]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00114-00026760-00026935 i i think if you watch enough of my
+B30j_FPIlnY-00115-00026936-00027158 stream to talk some really informed [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00116-00027160-00027623 then you must love my stream
+B30j_FPIlnY-00117-00027624-00027823 i think jeff is jeff is one of the top
+B30j_FPIlnY-00118-00027824-00027990 fans on the stream
+B30j_FPIlnY-00119-00027991-00028223 i i don't ban anybody from my stream
+B30j_FPIlnY-00120-00028224-00028399 anymore i used to ban people from my
+B30j_FPIlnY-00121-00028400-00028574 stream from making rude comments and
+B30j_FPIlnY-00122-00028575-00028831 [__] and now i'm like some of the top
+B30j_FPIlnY-00123-00028832-00029007 fans some of the people actually watch
+B30j_FPIlnY-00124-00029008-00029246 the whole stream for an hour
+B30j_FPIlnY-00125-00029247-00029558 all they make is rude comments
+B30j_FPIlnY-00126-00029560-00029790 all i make is rude comments but i want
+B30j_FPIlnY-00127-00029791-00030039 them views all right we got in here we
+B30j_FPIlnY-00128-00030039-00030199 got in here what's up mike thanks for
+B30j_FPIlnY-00129-00030200-00030327 the hunter you're just here to catch the
+B30j_FPIlnY-00130-00030327-00030535 streams when jerry's wife is on let's go
+B30j_FPIlnY-00131-00030536-00030655 cody
+B30j_FPIlnY-00132-00030656-00030846 she'll be back hopefully this weekend
+B30j_FPIlnY-00133-00030847-00031062 when her parents watch the kids and then
+B30j_FPIlnY-00134-00031063-00031223 she should be back on during the week
+B30j_FPIlnY-00135-00031224-00031614 once our son starts up in school
+B30j_FPIlnY-00136-00031616-00031767 chill out
+B30j_FPIlnY-00137-00031768-00031935 dickwad
+B30j_FPIlnY-00138-00031936-00032207 the authentic terminator lines
+B30j_FPIlnY-00139-00032208-00032655 you're terminated [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00140-00032656-00032895 dude i am crazy and i love it
+B30j_FPIlnY-00141-00032896-00033087 my hope is that i can
+B30j_FPIlnY-00142-00033088-00033399 help you embrace your crazy
+B30j_FPIlnY-00143-00033400-00033943 oh this big [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00144-00033944-00034590 do you think terminators have dicks
+B30j_FPIlnY-00145-00034591-00034727 hey thanks for the share do you think
+B30j_FPIlnY-00146-00034728-00035118 terminators have dicks
+B30j_FPIlnY-00147-00035119-00035311 dude
+B30j_FPIlnY-00148-00035312-00035535 holy [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00149-00035536-00035790 beat that guy without losing a health
+B30j_FPIlnY-00150-00035791-00036071 what the [__] do you remember last time
+B30j_FPIlnY-00151-00036072-00036239 i played that part
+B30j_FPIlnY-00152-00036240-00036446 do you remember last time i played that
+B30j_FPIlnY-00153-00036447-00036751 part i got destroyed
+B30j_FPIlnY-00154-00036752-00036983 oh my god
+B30j_FPIlnY-00155-00036984-00037239 oh my goodness billy
+B30j_FPIlnY-00156-00037240-00037462 i love that man thank you for sharing
+B30j_FPIlnY-00157-00037463-00037623 your experience here nathaniel says how
+B30j_FPIlnY-00158-00037624-00037862 does one become a biggest fan probably
+B30j_FPIlnY-00159-00037863-00038135 time and energy cody says don't let my
+B30j_FPIlnY-00160-00038136-00038258 wife see that comment
+B30j_FPIlnY-00161-00038259-00038502 [Laughter]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00162-00038503-00038702 that's great dude
+B30j_FPIlnY-00163-00038703-00038990 oh who was asking about the
+B30j_FPIlnY-00164-00038991-00039223 joseph who is joseph thanks for coming
+B30j_FPIlnY-00165-00039224-00039374 back and share today what's up chris
+B30j_FPIlnY-00166-00039375-00039559 jensen
+B30j_FPIlnY-00167-00039560-00039990 oh hell yeah hey who remembers that
+B30j_FPIlnY-00168-00039991-00040239 all right there we go fortunately that's
+B30j_FPIlnY-00169-00040240-00040511 what we have infinite lives here for
+B30j_FPIlnY-00170-00040512-00040662 this level
+B30j_FPIlnY-00171-00040663-00040918 this level oh nice he had sex with a
+B30j_FPIlnY-00172-00040919-00041239 savage ass mom oh god
+B30j_FPIlnY-00173-00041240-00041455 oh yeah
+B30j_FPIlnY-00174-00041456-00041623 i love that sex scene in the first
+B30j_FPIlnY-00175-00041624-00041799 terminator
+B30j_FPIlnY-00176-00041800-00042046 all right this [__] [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00177-00042047-00042190 we needed to be able to curse for this
+B30j_FPIlnY-00178-00042191-00042423 last time this is what we got the
+B30j_FPIlnY-00179-00042424-00042687 infinite lives i got the game genie for
+B30j_FPIlnY-00180-00042688-00042895 this [__] right here because this [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00181-00042896-00043518 is hard
+B30j_FPIlnY-00182-00043519-00043767 i got all the time and energy i'm gonna
+B30j_FPIlnY-00183-00043768-00043999 take my time
+B30j_FPIlnY-00184-00044000-00044174 thank you shannon and nathaniel for all
+B30j_FPIlnY-00185-00044175-00044527 the huge tips this week
+B30j_FPIlnY-00186-00044528-00044751 i had about given i had totally given up
+B30j_FPIlnY-00187-00044752-00045007 on the tips for my streams and nathaniel
+B30j_FPIlnY-00188-00045008-00045262 brought it back himself and now others
+B30j_FPIlnY-00189-00045263-00045439 like [__] have been dropping the tips
+B30j_FPIlnY-00190-00045440-00045567 too so
+B30j_FPIlnY-00191-00045568-00045887 that's amazing [__] [__] look at that
+B30j_FPIlnY-00192-00045888-00046287 driving look at that driving
+B30j_FPIlnY-00193-00046288-00046551 [__] i wonder how all right we need to
+B30j_FPIlnY-00194-00046552-00046711 keep count how many times have i died is
+B30j_FPIlnY-00195-00046712-00046815 that four
+B30j_FPIlnY-00196-00046816-00047007 you only normally get four lives billy
+B30j_FPIlnY-00197-00047008-00047215 says i own every terminator movie i'm
+B30j_FPIlnY-00198-00047216-00047399 gonna play some of the newer terminator
+B30j_FPIlnY-00199-00047400-00047823 games too
+B30j_FPIlnY-00200-00047824-00048030 all right [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00201-00048031-00048158 all right we're gonna [__] him up down
+B30j_FPIlnY-00202-00048159-00048279 here
+B30j_FPIlnY-00203-00048280-00048543 oh [__] we're gonna [__] him up down
+B30j_FPIlnY-00204-00048544-00048958 here and we would [__] him up over there
+B30j_FPIlnY-00205-00048959-00049174 i love when people say my jokes aren't
+B30j_FPIlnY-00206-00049175-00049302 funny
+B30j_FPIlnY-00207-00049303-00049583 you suck i watched four minutes of this
+B30j_FPIlnY-00208-00049584-00049846 [__] video and your jokes aren't
+B30j_FPIlnY-00209-00049847-00050127 funny
+B30j_FPIlnY-00210-00050128-00050367 like well
+B30j_FPIlnY-00211-00050368-00050599 sorry
+B30j_FPIlnY-00212-00050600-00050751 sorry
+B30j_FPIlnY-00213-00050752-00051046 i thought it was funny
+B30j_FPIlnY-00214-00051047-00051326 sorry that's that's too bad
+B30j_FPIlnY-00215-00051327-00051519 i hope you'll find something else funny
+B30j_FPIlnY-00216-00051520-00051823 to cheer you up a little bit
+B30j_FPIlnY-00217-00051824-00051999 like maybe you need to watch the whole
+B30j_FPIlnY-00218-00052000-00052126 thing
+B30j_FPIlnY-00219-00052127-00052430 maybe maybe you should put on netflix
+B30j_FPIlnY-00220-00052432-00052526 [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00221-00052527-00052782 six
+B30j_FPIlnY-00222-00052783-00053030 this [__] is hard it is i like it hard
+B30j_FPIlnY-00223-00053032-00053207 you know you like it hard don't you
+B30j_FPIlnY-00224-00053208-00053511 jerry oh
+B30j_FPIlnY-00225-00053512-00053719 still haven't decided what my price
+B30j_FPIlnY-00226-00053720-00054175 would be for massage hand jobs
+B30j_FPIlnY-00227-00054176-00054463 maybe 20 if it depends on how much they
+B30j_FPIlnY-00228-00054464-00054871 paid if they paid like i do like 110
+B30j_FPIlnY-00229-00054872-00055150 for a massage
+B30j_FPIlnY-00230-00055151-00055359 [__] yeah
+B30j_FPIlnY-00231-00055360-00055630 get [__] into the door all right eight
+B30j_FPIlnY-00232-00055632-00055830 that's eight deaths isn't it i gotta be
+B30j_FPIlnY-00233-00055832-00056079 careful if i shake this too much the
+B30j_FPIlnY-00234-00056079-00056319 damn connector will come out oh [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00235-00056320-00056759 nathaniel's back on top
+B30j_FPIlnY-00236-00056760-00058079 dude i am
+B30j_FPIlnY-00237-00058079-00058479 did she say [__] i didn't hear it
+B30j_FPIlnY-00238-00058479-00058687 see we we weren't cursing last time we
+B30j_FPIlnY-00239-00058688-00059047 definitely needed a curse for this [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00240-00059048-00059335 11 times i've died
+B30j_FPIlnY-00241-00059336-00059559 this is why we got infinite lives
+B30j_FPIlnY-00242-00059560-00059815 nathaniel thank you for the five dollar
+B30j_FPIlnY-00243-00059816-00060071 tip you now get the you are the king of
+B30j_FPIlnY-00244-00060072-00060215 the stream
+B30j_FPIlnY-00245-00060216-00060463 you get that top [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00246-00060464-00060694 spot until somebody else
+B30j_FPIlnY-00247-00060695-00060854 unless somebody else tops you for the
+B30j_FPIlnY-00248-00060855-00060999 rest of the stream thank you very much
+B30j_FPIlnY-00249-00061000-00061238 nathaniel all right come on
+B30j_FPIlnY-00250-00061239-00061366 all right we should be able to memorize
+B30j_FPIlnY-00251-00061367-00061526 this [__] we should be able to memorize
+B30j_FPIlnY-00252-00061527-00061694 this [__] all right he comes
+B30j_FPIlnY-00253-00061695-00061926 he comes in a bottom first
+B30j_FPIlnY-00254-00061927-00062094 he comes to the bottom first all right
+B30j_FPIlnY-00255-00062095-00062559 just keep it steady [__] all right
+B30j_FPIlnY-00256-00062560-00062759 oh [__] my energy's down how many of
+B30j_FPIlnY-00257-00062760-00063071 that
+B30j_FPIlnY-00258-00063072-00063471 [__] 13 13 times i've died
+B30j_FPIlnY-00259-00063472-00063663 13 times i've died it only gives you
+B30j_FPIlnY-00260-00063664-00063903 four lives go on yo man how are you
+B30j_FPIlnY-00261-00063904-00064247 supposed to beat this with four lives
+B30j_FPIlnY-00262-00064248-00064406 all right one
+B30j_FPIlnY-00263-00064407-00064582 we're gonna memorize exactly where he
+B30j_FPIlnY-00264-00064583-00064799 comes in at when he comes in now he
+B30j_FPIlnY-00265-00064800-00065159 should be coming in like right here yep
+B30j_FPIlnY-00266-00065160-00065350 oh [__] all right
+B30j_FPIlnY-00267-00065351-00065599 that's the third door
+B30j_FPIlnY-00268-00065600-00065847 come on [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00269-00065848-00066047 come on
+B30j_FPIlnY-00270-00066048-00066367 [__] this truck
+B30j_FPIlnY-00271-00066368-00066493 [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00272-00066494-00066619 [Music]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00273-00066620-00066825 [Laughter]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00274-00066826-00067290 [Music]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00275-00067291-00067823 [Laughter]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00276-00067824-00068079 he or she said 526
+B30j_FPIlnY-00277-00068080-00068303 no name just to be the king let's go
+B30j_FPIlnY-00278-00068304-00068471 thank you i don't know who to thank
+B30j_FPIlnY-00279-00068472-00068623 which is [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00280-00068624-00068871 which is great you're terminated [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00281-00068872-00069055 i love that i love being able to say
+B30j_FPIlnY-00282-00069056-00069223 [__] what's up ronnie nice to see you
+B30j_FPIlnY-00283-00069224-00069272 today
+B30j_FPIlnY-00284-00069273-00069526 [Music]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00285-00069527-00069719 there's enough streamers that do family
+B30j_FPIlnY-00286-00069720-00069959 friendly content
+B30j_FPIlnY-00287-00069960-00070159 all right come on cornell
+B30j_FPIlnY-00288-00070160-00070335 stick this shotgun right in his [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00289-00070336-00070479 face
+B30j_FPIlnY-00290-00070480-00070559 yeah
+B30j_FPIlnY-00291-00070560-00070943 oh i lost a lot of health on that
+B30j_FPIlnY-00292-00070944-00071175 oh stick it in
+B30j_FPIlnY-00293-00071176-00071326 all right come on we got this we got the
+B30j_FPIlnY-00294-00071327-00071726 third time this is our time [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00295-00071727-00071894 15 deaths
+B30j_FPIlnY-00296-00071895-00072087 oh my god
+B30j_FPIlnY-00297-00072088-00072294 oh my god
+B30j_FPIlnY-00298-00072295-00072615 there's 15 deaths right here
+B30j_FPIlnY-00299-00072616-00072879 mike thank you for 100 stars
+B30j_FPIlnY-00300-00072880-00073271 i was
+B30j_FPIlnY-00301-00073272-00073490 [Music]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00302-00073491-00073767 [Laughter]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00303-00073768-00073911 wait i think you have to go a whole
+B30j_FPIlnY-00304-00073912-00074126 dollar over i think you have to go a
+B30j_FPIlnY-00305-00074127-00074567 whole dollar over 57
+B30j_FPIlnY-00306-00074568-00074735 i think you got to go a whole dollar
+B30j_FPIlnY-00307-00074736-00074823 over
+B30j_FPIlnY-00308-00074824-00075015 i think it truncates it for some reason
+B30j_FPIlnY-00309-00075016-00075126 you're all like what the [__] does
+B30j_FPIlnY-00310-00075127-00075382 truncate mean i think it throws away the
+B30j_FPIlnY-00311-00075383-00075503 the cents
+B30j_FPIlnY-00312-00075504-00075726 i think you got a i think it only looks
+B30j_FPIlnY-00313-00075727-00075879 at the dollars
+B30j_FPIlnY-00314-00075880-00076047 [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00315-00076048-00076215 17 deaths
+B30j_FPIlnY-00316-00076216-00076487 son of [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00317-00076488-00076782 [__] my mother man i love my mother oh
+B30j_FPIlnY-00318-00076783-00077071 [__] i forgot to call my mom
+B30j_FPIlnY-00319-00077072-00077455 come on [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00320-00077456-00077638 i'll call my mom after the stream remind
+B30j_FPIlnY-00321-00077639-00077823 me to call my mom after the stream come
+B30j_FPIlnY-00322-00077824-00077911 on
+B30j_FPIlnY-00323-00077912-00078023 [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00324-00078024-00078150 [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00325-00078151-00078494 dude my health is so small
+B30j_FPIlnY-00326-00078495-00078726 just like your pee pee jerry you helped
+B30j_FPIlnY-00327-00078727-00078935 a small like your pee pee
+B30j_FPIlnY-00328-00078936-00079062 [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00329-00079063-00079311 that 17 deaths mike says how do you
+B30j_FPIlnY-00330-00079312-00079652 donate milad thank you for the 200 stars
+B30j_FPIlnY-00331-00079653-00079862 [Music]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00332-00079863-00080038 you are black james
+B30j_FPIlnY-00333-00080039-00080182 okay
+B30j_FPIlnY-00334-00080183-00080455 oh no no it did work
+B30j_FPIlnY-00335-00080456-00080750 it did work
+B30j_FPIlnY-00336-00080751-00081055 it worked it worked so if you put okay
+B30j_FPIlnY-00337-00081056-00081247 it did work if you just put more cents
+B30j_FPIlnY-00338-00081248-00081455 up there okay i'm happy to see shannon
+B30j_FPIlnY-00339-00081456-00081735 was on top and the [__] nathaniel will
+B30j_FPIlnY-00340-00081736-00081894 be back on top
+B30j_FPIlnY-00341-00081895-00082167 yeah just go to jerrybanfield.com tips
+B30j_FPIlnY-00342-00082168-00082350 or the shorter link if you're typing it
+B30j_FPIlnY-00343-00082351-00082623 in is jerry.tipslash go
+B30j_FPIlnY-00344-00082624-00082926 on yo man it's like 19 deaths at least
+B30j_FPIlnY-00345-00082927-00083150 maybe 20.
+B30j_FPIlnY-00346-00083151-00083479 maybe 20 deaths on this bastard but at
+B30j_FPIlnY-00347-00083480-00083623 least we don't have to play the first
+B30j_FPIlnY-00348-00083624-00083806 level over again
+B30j_FPIlnY-00349-00083807-00083999 to master the [__] come on
+B30j_FPIlnY-00350-00084000-00084206 come on give me all your [__] bullets
+B30j_FPIlnY-00351-00084207-00084487 come on
+B30j_FPIlnY-00352-00084488-00084623 that's somebody said there's only like
+B30j_FPIlnY-00353-00084624-00085031 four doors here
+B30j_FPIlnY-00354-00085032-00085159 dude him
+B30j_FPIlnY-00355-00085160-00085415 [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00356-00085416-00085750 21 deaths oh my god thank you for
+B30j_FPIlnY-00357-00085751-00085999 another five dollars
+B30j_FPIlnY-00358-00086000-00086215 nathaniel's on time
+B30j_FPIlnY-00359-00086216-00086543 for the 15 days sexy it does combine so
+B30j_FPIlnY-00360-00086544-00086791 if you send multiple tips it combines it
+B30j_FPIlnY-00361-00086792-00087047 ah [__] nasty knight
+B30j_FPIlnY-00362-00087048-00087327 nasty nate with another 10.
+B30j_FPIlnY-00363-00087328-00087718 [Music]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00364-00087719-00088175 [__] [__] [__] [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00365-00088176-00088438 do you get the cash stars into cash
+B30j_FPIlnY-00366-00088439-00088591 yeah the
+B30j_FPIlnY-00367-00088592-00088894 thank you nathaniel for another 10 tip
+B30j_FPIlnY-00368-00088895-00089175 he's bumping himself up again on top
+B30j_FPIlnY-00369-00089176-00089455 so the stars if you give me stars today
+B30j_FPIlnY-00370-00089456-00089703 i will get them
+B30j_FPIlnY-00371-00089704-00089918 after the end of the month the next
+B30j_FPIlnY-00372-00089919-00090182 month so if you send stars today what is
+B30j_FPIlnY-00373-00090183-00090359 it september
+B30j_FPIlnY-00374-00090360-00090638 i'll get them in not october i'll get
+B30j_FPIlnY-00375-00090639-00090815 them in november
+B30j_FPIlnY-00376-00090816-00090962 [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00377-00090963-00091447 22 death in 15 minutes
+B30j_FPIlnY-00378-00091448-00091767 this game is sick
+B30j_FPIlnY-00379-00091768-00092150 22 times i've died
+B30j_FPIlnY-00380-00092151-00092455 i'm not asset games either despite what
+B30j_FPIlnY-00381-00092456-00092599 some of the commenters might think
+B30j_FPIlnY-00382-00092600-00092871 you're you're not a pro take pro gamer
+B30j_FPIlnY-00383-00092872-00093071 out of your [__] bio
+B30j_FPIlnY-00384-00093072-00093191 [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00385-00093192-00093391 23 deaths
+B30j_FPIlnY-00386-00093392-00093623 i got paid friday billy says i get paid
+B30j_FPIlnY-00387-00093624-00093847 friday i'll be the king
+B30j_FPIlnY-00388-00093848-00094031 so if you send it on paypal that comes
+B30j_FPIlnY-00389-00094032-00094326 right into my paypal account
+B30j_FPIlnY-00390-00094327-00094559 but right now facebook is doubling the
+B30j_FPIlnY-00391-00094560-00094767 stars you send
+B30j_FPIlnY-00392-00094768-00095031 on your [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00393-00095032-00095247 damn i lost half my health already i've
+B30j_FPIlnY-00394-00095248-00095423 got through the first five percent of
+B30j_FPIlnY-00395-00095424-00095559 this level
+B30j_FPIlnY-00396-00095560-00095694 [__] [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00397-00095695-00095903 that [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00398-00095904-00096271 100 stars oh my god i'm sweating awesome
+B30j_FPIlnY-00399-00096272-00096511 skills
+B30j_FPIlnY-00400-00096512-00096687 which one hell yeah thank you for the
+B30j_FPIlnY-00401-00096688-00096918 100 mike which one's the hard one it's
+B30j_FPIlnY-00402-00096919-00097094 your dicky
+B30j_FPIlnY-00403-00097095-00097303 it's your dick i like when i wake up
+B30j_FPIlnY-00404-00097304-00097462 with a heart out and my wife's all
+B30j_FPIlnY-00405-00097463-00097767 surprised she's like
+B30j_FPIlnY-00406-00097768-00097982 i'm like yes that's the reaction i've
+B30j_FPIlnY-00407-00097983-00098359 been hoping for my whole life
+B30j_FPIlnY-00408-00098360-00098582 [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00409-00098583-00098767 [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00410-00098768-00099062 24 deaths
+B30j_FPIlnY-00411-00099063-00099303 jesus christ
+B30j_FPIlnY-00412-00099304-00099671 i need your help
+B30j_FPIlnY-00413-00099672-00099894 my brother said he prayed to our passed
+B30j_FPIlnY-00414-00099895-00100135 on grandpa to help him with a golden eye
+B30j_FPIlnY-00415-00100136-00100559 holy [__] and marky boy
+B30j_FPIlnY-00416-00100560-00101087 [__] i was looking at the tips
+B30j_FPIlnY-00417-00101088-00101271 oh [__] no no no no
+B30j_FPIlnY-00418-00101272-00101606 no i i stepped on the nintendo chord
+B30j_FPIlnY-00419-00101607-00101782 oh my god i stepped on the nintendo
+B30j_FPIlnY-00420-00101783-00101935 chord don't [__] the nintendo up it's
+B30j_FPIlnY-00421-00101936-00102439 delicate it's really sensitive
+B30j_FPIlnY-00422-00102440-00102878 holy [__] and marky boy with the 25
+B30j_FPIlnY-00423-00102879-00102990 [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00424-00102991-00103342 that's at least 26 deaths
+B30j_FPIlnY-00425-00103343-00103542 all right this nintendo's hella
+B30j_FPIlnY-00426-00103543-00103799 sensitive
+B30j_FPIlnY-00427-00103800-00104047 holy [__] i'm sweating i'm [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00428-00104048-00104382 sweating right now
+B30j_FPIlnY-00429-00104383-00104599 i'm [__] sweating all over even
+B30j_FPIlnY-00430-00104600-00104758 though the air is blowing right in my
+B30j_FPIlnY-00431-00104759-00104902 face
+B30j_FPIlnY-00432-00104903-00105083 i've died 25
+B30j_FPIlnY-00433-00105083-00105510 times in 17 minutes
+B30j_FPIlnY-00434-00105511-00105623 yes
+B30j_FPIlnY-00435-00105624-00106039 26 times thank you and marky boy
+B30j_FPIlnY-00436-00106040-00106302 aka mark betters thank you for the huge
+B30j_FPIlnY-00437-00106303-00106671 tip my man fellow streamer much love
+B30j_FPIlnY-00438-00106672-00107031 holy [__] the tips are big i like big
+B30j_FPIlnY-00439-00107032-00107223 tips that i cannot lie you other
+B30j_FPIlnY-00440-00107224-00107447 brothers can't deny when a guy walks in
+B30j_FPIlnY-00441-00107448-00107883 with a big ass tip you get sprung
+B30j_FPIlnY-00442-00107883-00108336 [__] 27 death mother [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00443-00108338-00108654 [Music]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00444-00108655-00108758 all right
+B30j_FPIlnY-00445-00108759-00108902 [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00446-00108903-00109078 shannon says this game is not relaxing
+B30j_FPIlnY-00447-00109079-00109286 before bed that's true but nighttime
+B30j_FPIlnY-00448-00109288-00109486 some of y'all are more open to the crazy
+B30j_FPIlnY-00449-00109488-00109695 [__] at night like lisa came in the
+B30j_FPIlnY-00450-00109696-00109863 stream the other day she said i gotta
+B30j_FPIlnY-00451-00109864-00110095 have my coffee before i watch this [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00452-00110096-00110278 she didn't say this [__] but
+B30j_FPIlnY-00453-00110279-00110439 she's like i gotta have my coffee before
+B30j_FPIlnY-00454-00110440-00110731 i watched it [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00455-00110732-00110958 28 deaths
+B30j_FPIlnY-00456-00110959-00111223 in 18 minutes come on john connor is
+B30j_FPIlnY-00457-00111224-00111615 [__] if i'm the terminator
+B30j_FPIlnY-00458-00111616-00111831 come on shoot him
+B30j_FPIlnY-00459-00111832-00111951 all right
+B30j_FPIlnY-00460-00111952-00112143 i should be able to memorize this [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00461-00112144-00112375 and make every move
+B30j_FPIlnY-00462-00112376-00112671 i will make every move correct
+B30j_FPIlnY-00463-00112672-00112854 oh did we [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00464-00112855-00113130 29 deaths
+B30j_FPIlnY-00465-00113131-00113340 [Laughter]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00466-00113341-00113631 [Music]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00467-00113632-00114423 my goodness
+B30j_FPIlnY-00468-00114424-00114783 nasty hate is back in the house
+B30j_FPIlnY-00469-00114783-00115039 nasty nate with another five so it's
+B30j_FPIlnY-00470-00115040-00115271 total tips
+B30j_FPIlnY-00471-00115272-00115519 come on shoot [__] what am i supposed to
+B30j_FPIlnY-00472-00115520-00116078 [__] myself right there man
+B30j_FPIlnY-00473-00116079-00116319 i think i'd rather get my the tip of my
+B30j_FPIlnY-00474-00116320-00116534 dick flicked
+B30j_FPIlnY-00475-00116535-00116790 and died this many times my gaming ego
+B30j_FPIlnY-00476-00116791-00116966 is that was weird wasn't it why would i
+B30j_FPIlnY-00477-00116967-00117102 even say that
+B30j_FPIlnY-00478-00117103-00117271 that no that hurts i'm just kidding
+B30j_FPIlnY-00479-00117272-00117486 about that i'm definitely definitely not
+B30j_FPIlnY-00480-00117488-00117695 serious about that ouch
+B30j_FPIlnY-00481-00117696-00117934 not that car i cannot die on that car
+B30j_FPIlnY-00482-00117935-00118175 again i ran into that [__] like 10
+B30j_FPIlnY-00483-00118176-00118390 times
+B30j_FPIlnY-00484-00118391-00118623 it's not the game if i make
+B30j_FPIlnY-00485-00118624-00118766 [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00486-00118767-00119063 31. if i make the same mistake over and
+B30j_FPIlnY-00487-00119064-00119302 over again it's not the game
+B30j_FPIlnY-00488-00119303-00119527 marcus is waiting in with the five
+B30j_FPIlnY-00489-00119528-00119840 dollars holy holy payday
+B30j_FPIlnY-00490-00119841-00120095 [Music]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00491-00120096-00120310 holy [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00492-00120311-00120502 marcus thank you very much for the fire
+B30j_FPIlnY-00493-00120503-00120663 marcus
+B30j_FPIlnY-00494-00120664-00120943 thank you holy this is incredible look
+B30j_FPIlnY-00495-00120944-00121166 literally miraculous
+B30j_FPIlnY-00496-00121167-00121431 i had given up on the tips [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00497-00121432-00121614 until nathaniel
+B30j_FPIlnY-00498-00121615-00121831 nathaniel gall
+B30j_FPIlnY-00499-00121832-00122054 mentioned the tip thing the other day i
+B30j_FPIlnY-00500-00122055-00122334 had nobody had tipped in two months
+B30j_FPIlnY-00501-00122335-00122558 and you all are going off on it now all
+B30j_FPIlnY-00502-00122559-00122775 right come on every [__] we should be
+B30j_FPIlnY-00503-00122776-00123031 able to memorize every single part of
+B30j_FPIlnY-00504-00123032-00123334 this map it's this [__] same math
+B30j_FPIlnY-00505-00123335-00123534 every game
+B30j_FPIlnY-00506-00123535-00124031 it's the same goddamn map every time
+B30j_FPIlnY-00507-00124032-00124151 guys
+B30j_FPIlnY-00508-00124152-00124431 this is worse than warzone
+B30j_FPIlnY-00509-00124432-00124854 this is worse than warzone
+B30j_FPIlnY-00510-00124855-00125334 come on [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00511-00125335-00125686 all right all right damn monkey boys
+B30j_FPIlnY-00512-00125688-00125976 monkey [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00513-00125977-00126295 [Music]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00514-00126296-00126476 oh my god
+B30j_FPIlnY-00515-00126477-00126695 [Music]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00516-00126696-00126934 hey monkey boy said keep at it you will
+B30j_FPIlnY-00517-00126935-00127134 get it
+B30j_FPIlnY-00518-00127135-00127390 oh i love the comments
+B30j_FPIlnY-00519-00127391-00127599 i don't i don't even need to write jokes
+B30j_FPIlnY-00520-00127600-00127758 i'm writing and looking at jokes that
+B30j_FPIlnY-00521-00127759-00127934 are funny but the comments you all make
+B30j_FPIlnY-00522-00127935-00128254 on these streams are funny as [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00523-00128255-00128463 come on baby come on we got it no don't
+B30j_FPIlnY-00524-00128464-00128686 let him [__] you
+B30j_FPIlnY-00525-00128688-00129007 oh god 35.
+B30j_FPIlnY-00526-00129008-00129110 deaths
+B30j_FPIlnY-00527-00129111-00129351 35
+B30j_FPIlnY-00528-00129352-00129502 deaths
+B30j_FPIlnY-00529-00129503-00129847 in 21 minutes but who's counting
+B30j_FPIlnY-00530-00129848-00130031 come on we're gonna beat this level
+B30j_FPIlnY-00531-00130032-00130327 we're gonna beat this level
+B30j_FPIlnY-00532-00130328-00130534 i believe that we will win positive
+B30j_FPIlnY-00533-00130535-00130663 affirmations
+B30j_FPIlnY-00534-00130664-00130863 positive affirmations
+B30j_FPIlnY-00535-00130864-00131023 and then scream [__] whenever things
+B30j_FPIlnY-00536-00131024-00131183 don't go your way
+B30j_FPIlnY-00537-00131184-00131478 oh [__] i have no [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00538-00131479-00131639 36
+B30j_FPIlnY-00539-00131640-00131807 you know i should count the times i get
+B30j_FPIlnY-00540-00131808-00132031 this [__] right
+B30j_FPIlnY-00541-00132032-00132263 damn it didn't put and marky boy on top
+B30j_FPIlnY-00542-00132264-00132478 because you unfortunately you got to
+B30j_FPIlnY-00543-00132479-00132790 spell your name the exact same way
+B30j_FPIlnY-00544-00132791-00132943 or the damn thing
+B30j_FPIlnY-00545-00132944-00133063 doesn't
+B30j_FPIlnY-00546-00133064-00133278 realize you're the same person so it
+B30j_FPIlnY-00547-00133279-00133511 didn't put marky boy but marky boys on
+B30j_FPIlnY-00548-00133512-00133647 top
+B30j_FPIlnY-00549-00133648-00133807 it didn't put marky on top though
+B30j_FPIlnY-00550-00133808-00134143 because
+B30j_FPIlnY-00551-00134144-00134295 when y'all want to play let me give you
+B30j_FPIlnY-00552-00134296-00134502 the [__] controller right now
+B30j_FPIlnY-00553-00134503-00134799 what me we have some problem you know
+B30j_FPIlnY-00554-00134800-00135023 holy [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00555-00135024-00135390 my [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00556-00135391-00135583 i don't know what my [__] has to do
+B30j_FPIlnY-00557-00135584-00135783 with anything but
+B30j_FPIlnY-00558-00135784-00135919 i don't know why i just said that like
+B30j_FPIlnY-00559-00135920-00136135 i'm playing a video game clearly nothing
+B30j_FPIlnY-00560-00136136-00136327 is happening to my butt as a result of
+B30j_FPIlnY-00561-00136328-00136607 playing this game come on shoot that
+B30j_FPIlnY-00562-00136608-00136807 damn i can't i can't drive by that side
+B30j_FPIlnY-00563-00136808-00136983 i need to go up
+B30j_FPIlnY-00564-00136984-00137283 i need to go up left
+B30j_FPIlnY-00565-00137284-00137471 37.
+B30j_FPIlnY-00566-00137472-00137630 holy sh
+B30j_FPIlnY-00567-00137631-00138329 [Music]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00568-00138330-00138463 [Applause]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00569-00138464-00138847 holy [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00570-00138848-00139190 who didn't put their name in on the 6969
+B30j_FPIlnY-00571-00139191-00139335 tip
+B30j_FPIlnY-00572-00139336-00139502 holy [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00573-00139503-00139799 thank you for the 6969 tip
+B30j_FPIlnY-00574-00139800-00139999 no no not that car again not that
+B30j_FPIlnY-00575-00140000-00140566 [__] car again 38 holy [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00576-00140567-00140814 who's making big bucks man
+B30j_FPIlnY-00577-00140815-00141102 i got 69 tips
+B30j_FPIlnY-00578-00141103-00141483 holy [__] gonna get me erect with
+B30j_FPIlnY-00579-00141484-00141775 that my wife said we're not it's not a
+B30j_FPIlnY-00580-00141776-00141951 sex night because we had sex last night
+B30j_FPIlnY-00581-00141952-00142319 i don't know i said hey we got a 69 69
+B30j_FPIlnY-00582-00142320-00142526 tip we might have to [__] go my wife
+B30j_FPIlnY-00583-00142527-00142671 does not like
+B30j_FPIlnY-00584-00142672-00142878 all right i gotta stop doing that [__] i
+B30j_FPIlnY-00585-00142879-00143039 gotta stop i'm gonna stop doing that
+B30j_FPIlnY-00586-00143040-00143166 [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00587-00143167-00143487 i've run into that car like 20 [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00588-00143488-00143687 times
+B30j_FPIlnY-00589-00143688-00143878 my holy [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00590-00143879-00144054 [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00591-00144055-00144319 do my oh my god and marky boy's back
+B30j_FPIlnY-00592-00144320-00144671 with another 15.
+B30j_FPIlnY-00593-00144672-00144919 i'm trying to look at these tips
+B30j_FPIlnY-00594-00144920-00145611 all right we're not we're not gonna
+B30j_FPIlnY-00595-00145612-00145975 [Music]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00596-00145976-00146239 that's [__] your mother in russian
+B30j_FPIlnY-00597-00146240-00146487 i gotta start going to other languages
+B30j_FPIlnY-00598-00146488-00146671 i've worn out i've said [__] too many
+B30j_FPIlnY-00599-00146672-00147214 times i think i've broken it
+B30j_FPIlnY-00600-00147215-00147647 all right we're not we're not gonna [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00601-00147648-00147847 this [__] is nuts right now
+B30j_FPIlnY-00602-00147848-00148151 holy [__] thank you for the tips holy
+B30j_FPIlnY-00603-00148152-00148407 [__] and marky boy nathaniel gall and
+B30j_FPIlnY-00604-00148408-00148719 who who got i need to look at my phone i
+B30j_FPIlnY-00605-00148720-00149151 didn't see who that 69 tip was [__] 33
+B30j_FPIlnY-00606-00149152-00149287 43
+B30j_FPIlnY-00607-00149288-00149535 43
+B30j_FPIlnY-00608-00149536-00149719 43 deaths
+B30j_FPIlnY-00609-00149720-00149926 holy [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00610-00149927-00150071 jesus
+B30j_FPIlnY-00611-00150072-00150271 hey you know what it said i drove by a
+B30j_FPIlnY-00612-00150272-00150487 sign today that said
+B30j_FPIlnY-00613-00150488-00150814 is that jesus will save you jesus please
+B30j_FPIlnY-00614-00150815-00151047 save me from this level i'm stuck in
+B30j_FPIlnY-00615-00151048-00151214 this level
+B30j_FPIlnY-00616-00151215-00151783 you can [__] jesus are you listening
+B30j_FPIlnY-00617-00151784-00152063 it's that i've terminated you jesus is
+B30j_FPIlnY-00618-00152064-00152351 like you dumb [__] turn the game off
+B30j_FPIlnY-00619-00152352-00152639 watch turn the game off call your mother
+B30j_FPIlnY-00620-00152640-00152919 you dumb bastard marcus thank you for
+B30j_FPIlnY-00621-00152920-00153135 the five dollars
+B30j_FPIlnY-00622-00153136-00153281 i love the tips
+B30j_FPIlnY-00623-00153282-00153695 [Music]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00624-00153696-00153871 hell yeah i love keeping the tips
+B30j_FPIlnY-00625-00153872-00154087 rolling
+B30j_FPIlnY-00626-00154088-00154326 oh oh oh we're gonna be oh
+B30j_FPIlnY-00627-00154327-00154599 no not that car [__] we're almost done
+B30j_FPIlnY-00628-00154600-00154743 with that
+B30j_FPIlnY-00629-00154744-00154990 45 deaths
+B30j_FPIlnY-00630-00154991-00155175 mike said jesus said give mike the
+B30j_FPIlnY-00631-00155176-00155575 sticks yep oh anybody and i'll let the
+B30j_FPIlnY-00632-00155576-00155743 i'll let my kids have the sticks they
+B30j_FPIlnY-00633-00155744-00155983 could probably beat this [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00634-00155984-00156278 laura could probably destroy this
+B30j_FPIlnY-00635-00156279-00156414 anybody
+B30j_FPIlnY-00636-00156415-00156526 anybody
+B30j_FPIlnY-00637-00156527-00156831 no i i like to have
+B30j_FPIlnY-00638-00156832-00157023 dude i'd like to have like a thousand
+B30j_FPIlnY-00639-00157024-00157143 dollar
+B30j_FPIlnY-00640-00157144-00157366 [__] i'd like to have like a thousand
+B30j_FPIlnY-00641-00157367-00157631 dollar challenge and just have like a
+B30j_FPIlnY-00642-00157632-00157790 line of people
+B30j_FPIlnY-00643-00157791-00158078 like up here thousand dollars
+B30j_FPIlnY-00644-00158079-00158295 no infinite live cheat thousand dollars
+B30j_FPIlnY-00645-00158296-00158487 to get past this level just have
+B30j_FPIlnY-00646-00158488-00158735 [__] lined
+B30j_FPIlnY-00647-00158736-00159023 just have [__] lined up outside
+B30j_FPIlnY-00648-00159024-00159319 have like 100 people you get
+B30j_FPIlnY-00649-00159320-00159487 it'll take 10 minutes a person so that
+B30j_FPIlnY-00650-00159488-00159678 could be a bit of a problem
+B30j_FPIlnY-00651-00159679-00159983 but like one of those mr beast videos
+B30j_FPIlnY-00652-00159984-00160143 where he gives like
+B30j_FPIlnY-00653-00160144-00160351 twenty thousand dollars to sit next
+B30j_FPIlnY-00654-00160352-00160575 [__] roller coaster
+B30j_FPIlnY-00655-00160576-00160711 right
+B30j_FPIlnY-00656-00160712-00160911 what am i supposed to do oh [__] we got
+B30j_FPIlnY-00657-00160912-00162183 past it without running into like no
+B30j_FPIlnY-00658-00162184-00162519 48 times
+B30j_FPIlnY-00659-00162520-00162759 you did march shirt
+B30j_FPIlnY-00660-00162760-00162966 mark says you deserved a 50 keep up the
+B30j_FPIlnY-00661-00162967-00163302 great content my pleasure
+B30j_FPIlnY-00662-00163303-00163439 my mind's like what kind of great
+B30j_FPIlnY-00663-00163440-00163654 content have you created tonight jerry
+B30j_FPIlnY-00664-00163655-00163831 why do these people even like you all
+B30j_FPIlnY-00665-00163832-00164247 you've done y'all [__] and die 48 times
+B30j_FPIlnY-00666-00164248-00164519 like well i hope i'm showing people
+B30j_FPIlnY-00667-00164520-00164719 i'll show people
+B30j_FPIlnY-00668-00164720-00164878 what am i supposed to do right there if
+B30j_FPIlnY-00669-00164879-00165071 i don't
+B30j_FPIlnY-00670-00165072-00165663 if i don't go right there and shoot him
+B30j_FPIlnY-00671-00165664-00165863 [__] all right i was trying to practice
+B30j_FPIlnY-00672-00165864-00166102 the bike that's 50 times i've died thank
+B30j_FPIlnY-00673-00166103-00166295 god for game genies
+B30j_FPIlnY-00674-00166296-00166535 danta i'm in a great mood tonight
+B30j_FPIlnY-00675-00166536-00166807 nathaniel nathaniel was dropping the tip
+B30j_FPIlnY-00676-00166808-00167031 so fast he forgot to put his name down
+B30j_FPIlnY-00677-00167032-00167199 and marquee boys
+B30j_FPIlnY-00678-00167200-00167359 why it does i guess it doesn't count
+B30j_FPIlnY-00679-00167360-00167566 anonymous tips either for the top tipper
+B30j_FPIlnY-00680-00167567-00167735 which is also rude
+B30j_FPIlnY-00681-00167736-00167951 but nathaniel and marky boy have both
+B30j_FPIlnY-00682-00167952-00168166 given a [__] load and everybody knows
+B30j_FPIlnY-00683-00168167-00168263 that
+B30j_FPIlnY-00684-00168264-00168459 not that
+B30j_FPIlnY-00685-00168460-00168591 [Laughter]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00686-00168592-00169031 [Music]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00687-00169032-00169278 50 is it i don't even know we're over 50
+B30j_FPIlnY-00688-00169279-00169454 deaths man
+B30j_FPIlnY-00689-00169455-00169726 i am having fun though i like getting
+B30j_FPIlnY-00690-00169727-00169951 i like getting challenged in the game
+B30j_FPIlnY-00691-00169952-00170135 what's not fun is when a game's too damn
+B30j_FPIlnY-00692-00170136-00170247 easy
+B30j_FPIlnY-00693-00170248-00170878 i like when a game makes me scream
+B30j_FPIlnY-00694-00170879-00171159 i like what a game really challenges me
+B30j_FPIlnY-00695-00171160-00171383 joseph says we got to meet one day i bet
+B30j_FPIlnY-00696-00171384-00171575 we'll click hey you any if you're in
+B30j_FPIlnY-00697-00171576-00171702 saint pete
+B30j_FPIlnY-00698-00171703-00171823 anytime
+B30j_FPIlnY-00699-00171824-00172031 i always invite my any of you to come
+B30j_FPIlnY-00700-00172032-00172231 out and do yoga or go to a meeting with
+B30j_FPIlnY-00701-00172232-00172871 me
+B30j_FPIlnY-00702-00172872-00173071 oh right down the gut right down the gut
+B30j_FPIlnY-00703-00173072-00173254 worked right down the gut
+B30j_FPIlnY-00704-00173255-00173423 oh [__] all right so we go right down
+B30j_FPIlnY-00705-00173424-00173623 the middle
+B30j_FPIlnY-00706-00173624-00173887 all right all right all right [__] yeah
+B30j_FPIlnY-00707-00173888-00174071 car
+B30j_FPIlnY-00708-00174072-00174247 all right but that was improvement that
+B30j_FPIlnY-00709-00174248-00174471 was improvement what's up billy i see
+B30j_FPIlnY-00710-00174472-00174695 you billy nathaniel says that enough for
+B30j_FPIlnY-00711-00174696-00174919 a date yes that is enough
+B30j_FPIlnY-00712-00174920-00175135 what you gave single-handedly nathaniel
+B30j_FPIlnY-00713-00175136-00175375 is enough for a nice movie date with
+B30j_FPIlnY-00714-00175376-00175754 laura i will let her know that you gave
+B30j_FPIlnY-00715-00175755-00176071 69.69 so we could have a date in 69 as
+B30j_FPIlnY-00716-00176072-00176183 well
+B30j_FPIlnY-00717-00176184-00176399 laura's not into 69 unfortunately i'm
+B30j_FPIlnY-00718-00176400-00177199 like why it's great
+B30j_FPIlnY-00719-00177200-00177495 oh [__] she bought a mitch's in here
+B30j_FPIlnY-00720-00177496-00177735 what's up chibona mish this game is
+B30j_FPIlnY-00721-00177736-00178023 [__] me up one side and down the
+B30j_FPIlnY-00722-00178024-00178335 other [__] is ridiculous
+B30j_FPIlnY-00723-00178336-00178478 this is the hardest [__] game i've
+B30j_FPIlnY-00724-00178479-00178735 ever played the legend the madden god
+B30j_FPIlnY-00725-00178736-00178935 himself she bought a mission in the
+B30j_FPIlnY-00726-00178936-00179111 house come on we're gonna beat this
+B30j_FPIlnY-00727-00179112-00179759 we're gonna beat this for ciabatta mitch
+B30j_FPIlnY-00728-00179760-00180102 54 times i've died in 30 minutes
+B30j_FPIlnY-00729-00180103-00180319 come on man
+B30j_FPIlnY-00730-00180320-00180495 come on we're going to do this we're
+B30j_FPIlnY-00731-00180496-00180614 going to do this i'm a glutton for
+B30j_FPIlnY-00732-00180615-00180790 punishment i'll get slapped around all
+B30j_FPIlnY-00733-00180791-00180895 day
+B30j_FPIlnY-00734-00180896-00181031 i don't give a [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00735-00181032-00181166 i don't give a [__] you bought a mitch
+B30j_FPIlnY-00736-00181167-00181326 with another hundred and another hundred
+B30j_FPIlnY-00737-00181327-00181559 the whole pages you buy the mitch [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00738-00181560-00181799 dodge that car dodge that car
+B30j_FPIlnY-00739-00181800-00181999 yeah you got it you got it you got it
+B30j_FPIlnY-00740-00182000-00182083 come
+B30j_FPIlnY-00741-00182084-00182238 on i [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00742-00182239-00182351 [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00743-00182352-00182711 55 deaths
+B30j_FPIlnY-00744-00182712-00182999 55 deaths i'm sweating in here
+B30j_FPIlnY-00745-00183000-00183438 i'm [__] sweating and it's like 70.
+B30j_FPIlnY-00746-00183439-00183590 my body's getting stressed out it's like
+B30j_FPIlnY-00747-00183591-00183790 [__] are we about to die
+B30j_FPIlnY-00748-00183791-00183943 like no
+B30j_FPIlnY-00749-00183944-00184166 not for real just dying a lot in the
+B30j_FPIlnY-00750-00184167-00184287 game
+B30j_FPIlnY-00751-00184288-00184454 shrinking my little
+B30j_FPIlnY-00752-00184455-00184711 gaming pp
+B30j_FPIlnY-00753-00184712-00184935 [__] not the car enough car not the car
+B30j_FPIlnY-00754-00184936-00185526 50 what is it 50 foot of [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00755-00185527-00185711 how did i play this without cussing
+B30j_FPIlnY-00756-00185712-00185950 before
+B30j_FPIlnY-00757-00185951-00186135 i think cussing's really therapeutic i
+B30j_FPIlnY-00758-00186136-00186335 think it can help you get out a lot of a
+B30j_FPIlnY-00759-00186336-00186543 lot of pent up emotions
+B30j_FPIlnY-00760-00186544-00186871 oh [__] i just ran into everything
+B30j_FPIlnY-00761-00186872-00187047 all right come on come on give me all
+B30j_FPIlnY-00762-00187048-00187271 your [__] truck come on [__] oh i got
+B30j_FPIlnY-00763-00187272-00187471 like no energy left come on finish his
+B30j_FPIlnY-00764-00187472-00187823 ass finish his ass finish his ass [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00765-00187824-00187983 58
+B30j_FPIlnY-00766-00187984-00188102 [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00767-00188103-00188375 nathaniel says i'm up to 95 26 hell yeah
+B30j_FPIlnY-00768-00188376-00188575 i think you can beat this now dude i
+B30j_FPIlnY-00769-00188576-00188854 just buy dumbass luck one time
+B30j_FPIlnY-00770-00188855-00189087 just by sheer effort
+B30j_FPIlnY-00771-00189088-00189271 i'm gonna get this [__] i'm gonna get it
+B30j_FPIlnY-00772-00189272-00189438 just one time
+B30j_FPIlnY-00773-00189439-00189599 one time
+B30j_FPIlnY-00774-00189600-00189854 as chipotle mitch says one stop
+B30j_FPIlnY-00775-00189855-00190063 one stop let's stop this [__] truck
+B30j_FPIlnY-00776-00190064-00190687 from hitting me in the ass
+B30j_FPIlnY-00777-00190688-00190983 damn this truck is
+B30j_FPIlnY-00778-00190984-00191383 [__] [__] [__] [__] 60 death [__] [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00779-00191384-00191590 [__] [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00780-00191591-00191814 i believe that we will win come on we're
+B30j_FPIlnY-00781-00191815-00192054 gonna get this truck 60 times
+B30j_FPIlnY-00782-00192055-00192302 i'm a glutton for punishment i'm willing
+B30j_FPIlnY-00783-00192303-00192478 i like what my wife said on our first
+B30j_FPIlnY-00784-00192479-00192702 date i used to hate going out with girls
+B30j_FPIlnY-00785-00192703-00192895 that wouldn't give head like the [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00786-00192896-00193366 what i want to go out with you for
+B30j_FPIlnY-00787-00193367-00193526 and why would i want to go out with you
+B30j_FPIlnY-00788-00193527-00193687 when i could be going out with a girl
+B30j_FPIlnY-00789-00193688-00193863 that loves sucking dick like i don't
+B30j_FPIlnY-00790-00193864-00194078 understand why i would do that to myself
+B30j_FPIlnY-00791-00194079-00194287 i know some guys [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00792-00194288-00194454 sometimes some guys don't give a [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00793-00194455-00194599 about it i was talking to this girl
+B30j_FPIlnY-00794-00194600-00194823 before she was real hot and she was
+B30j_FPIlnY-00795-00194824-00194999 saying yeah my boyfriend doesn't even
+B30j_FPIlnY-00796-00195000-00195214 like it like having his dick suck i'm
+B30j_FPIlnY-00797-00195215-00195438 like that's what the [__] up with him
+B30j_FPIlnY-00798-00195439-00195543 like
+B30j_FPIlnY-00799-00195544-00195831 that's weird i don't even get that
+B30j_FPIlnY-00800-00195832-00196031 but hey there's there's dudes that don't
+B30j_FPIlnY-00801-00196032-00196126 care
+B30j_FPIlnY-00802-00196127-00197063 which is great because
+B30j_FPIlnY-00803-00197064-00197326 mike you hate getting head
+B30j_FPIlnY-00804-00197327-00197663 really that's so interesting
+B30j_FPIlnY-00805-00197664-00197807 i don't know like that's the question i
+B30j_FPIlnY-00806-00197808-00197990 should have asked on a first date but my
+B30j_FPIlnY-00807-00197991-00198207 wife gave me an indirect answer on our
+B30j_FPIlnY-00808-00198208-00198383 first date she was talking about how she
+B30j_FPIlnY-00809-00198384-00198614 was allergic to tuna and she's like you
+B30j_FPIlnY-00810-00198615-00198943 know no no i do i've done that like 40
+B30j_FPIlnY-00811-00198944-00199102 times she was talking about how she's
+B30j_FPIlnY-00812-00199103-00199319 allergic to tuna and she's like you know
+B30j_FPIlnY-00813-00199320-00199471 it's worth it sometimes though i'll just
+B30j_FPIlnY-00814-00199472-00199638 have some sushi my throat to swap a
+B30j_FPIlnY-00815-00199639-00199911 little bit i'm like god damn
+B30j_FPIlnY-00816-00199912-00200183 i know i know you can give good head
+B30j_FPIlnY-00817-00200184-00200414 with that kind of attitude that's the
+B30j_FPIlnY-00818-00200415-00200583 kind of attitude we're looking for at
+B30j_FPIlnY-00819-00200584-00200847 the jerry banfield show that's the exact
+B30j_FPIlnY-00820-00200848-00201071 kind of attitude we're looking for here
+B30j_FPIlnY-00821-00201072-00201278 it's worth it even if your throat swells
+B30j_FPIlnY-00822-00201279-00201631 up a little bit yes ma'am you are hired
+B30j_FPIlnY-00823-00201632-00201814 that's what we're looking for not you
+B30j_FPIlnY-00824-00201815-00201959 [__] me
+B30j_FPIlnY-00825-00201960-00202175 65
+B30j_FPIlnY-00826-00202176-00202335 maybe you've never gotten good head
+B30j_FPIlnY-00827-00202336-00202526 that's possible mike says i prefer the
+B30j_FPIlnY-00828-00202527-00202743 police billy says they probably have a
+B30j_FPIlnY-00829-00202744-00202975 small problem they might shana says i've
+B30j_FPIlnY-00830-00202976-00203126 never met a guy who doesn't like head
+B30j_FPIlnY-00831-00203127-00203687 yeah this girl's
+B30j_FPIlnY-00832-00203688-00203863 this girl's boyfriend said he he
+B30j_FPIlnY-00833-00203864-00204375 wouldn't have it
+B30j_FPIlnY-00834-00204376-00204566 all right i don't even know what that
+B30j_FPIlnY-00835-00204567-00204743 was i just hit the damn first door we
+B30j_FPIlnY-00836-00204744-00204903 didn't even have any [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00837-00204904-00205382 mike says bad heads why i don't like it
+B30j_FPIlnY-00838-00205383-00205662 what all right what am i doing
+B30j_FPIlnY-00839-00205663-00205975 hold up 68 times i've died
+B30j_FPIlnY-00840-00205976-00206103 i need to shoot the door i wasn't
+B30j_FPIlnY-00841-00206104-00206271 shooting the door there we go we got the
+B30j_FPIlnY-00842-00206271-00206662 door shot
+B30j_FPIlnY-00843-00206663-00206823 it's hard to point your damn gun
+B30j_FPIlnY-00844-00206823-00206982 backwards but we're gonna get this we're
+B30j_FPIlnY-00845-00206983-00207166 gonna get it i'm gonna beat this [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00846-00207167-00207406 level if it's the last thing i do before
+B30j_FPIlnY-00847-00207407-00207646 i have a heart attack
+B30j_FPIlnY-00848-00207648-00207790 i'm not gonna have a heart attack i take
+B30j_FPIlnY-00849-00207791-00207934 really good care of my heart i eat a
+B30j_FPIlnY-00850-00207935-00208127 whole plant-based diet my circular
+B30j_FPIlnY-00851-00208128-00208303 system is great that's why i get big-ass
+B30j_FPIlnY-00852-00208304-00208503 boners all the time [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00853-00208504-00208775 69 all right 69 is it
+B30j_FPIlnY-00854-00208776-00208934 mike says dude
+B30j_FPIlnY-00855-00208935-00209271 mike says the bandwidth oh [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00856-00209271-00209598 let me look
+B30j_FPIlnY-00857-00209600-00209782 see these online dating sites have it
+B30j_FPIlnY-00858-00209783-00209982 all [__] up what they need to do
+B30j_FPIlnY-00859-00209983-00210239 these online dating sites they they
+B30j_FPIlnY-00860-00210240-00210439 shouldn't just have things like kids and
+B30j_FPIlnY-00861-00210440-00210646 drinking on there they should be like do
+B30j_FPIlnY-00862-00210648-00210806 you like head
+B30j_FPIlnY-00863-00210807-00211071 a giving head receiving head like they
+B30j_FPIlnY-00864-00211071-00211294 should have questions like that so you
+B30j_FPIlnY-00865-00211296-00211455 don't go out with anybody who's not
+B30j_FPIlnY-00866-00211456-00211719 properly mashed for you oh god oh god oh
+B30j_FPIlnY-00867-00211719-00211910 god i'm gonna come
+B30j_FPIlnY-00868-00211911-00212294 [__] it's so close that's what she said
+B30j_FPIlnY-00869-00212296-00212431 70.
+B30j_FPIlnY-00870-00212432-00212639 my neighbor must be like
+B30j_FPIlnY-00871-00212640-00212879 the [__] he doing in his backyard
+B30j_FPIlnY-00872-00212880-00213087 screaming [__] over and over i'm about
+B30j_FPIlnY-00873-00213088-00213287 to come i was so close
+B30j_FPIlnY-00874-00213288-00213455 oh my god i got to tell you all this
+B30j_FPIlnY-00875-00213456-00213719 story who told me this [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00876-00213719-00213855 [__] i'm dead
+B30j_FPIlnY-00877-00213856-00214158 [__] dead
+B30j_FPIlnY-00878-00214159-00214479 let me get ready i'm about to die 71.
+B30j_FPIlnY-00879-00214480-00214727 all right
+B30j_FPIlnY-00880-00214728-00215119 what what is it oh
+B30j_FPIlnY-00881-00215119-00215294 so this girl
+B30j_FPIlnY-00882-00215296-00215471 this girl was living
+B30j_FPIlnY-00883-00215471-00215687 what i didn't hit the pause button maybe
+B30j_FPIlnY-00884-00215688-00215942 i did i'm hitting the pause button on
+B30j_FPIlnY-00885-00215944-00216351 pause how did that even happen
+B30j_FPIlnY-00886-00216352-00216519 i don't know some there must be a ghost
+B30j_FPIlnY-00887-00216519-00216663 or something [__] with me right now
+B30j_FPIlnY-00888-00216664-00216815 dad is that you
+B30j_FPIlnY-00889-00216816-00217134 unpause this [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00890-00217135-00217455 why why is the b button pausing it what
+B30j_FPIlnY-00891-00217456-00217758 the [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00892-00217759-00218079 my gun's not firing my [__] guns not
+B30j_FPIlnY-00893-00218080-00218382 firing
+B30j_FPIlnY-00894-00218383-00218663 i broke this game man
+B30j_FPIlnY-00895-00218664-00218839 broke this [__] i broke this whole game
+B30j_FPIlnY-00896-00218840-00219071 right now it is glitching dude
+B30j_FPIlnY-00897-00219071-00219327 it is glitching this [__] is pausing
+B30j_FPIlnY-00898-00219328-00219519 did i break this thing that's really
+B30j_FPIlnY-00899-00219519-00219863 [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00900-00219864-00220046 [__] is this [__] is falling apart do i
+B30j_FPIlnY-00901-00220048-00220382 need another controller
+B30j_FPIlnY-00902-00220383-00220542 not hitting every button it's not
+B30j_FPIlnY-00903-00220544-00220703 working
+B30j_FPIlnY-00904-00220704-00221103 son of a [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00905-00221104-00221303 is it the game the game's like are
+B30j_FPIlnY-00906-00221304-00221479 you've done [__] up too many times on
+B30j_FPIlnY-00907-00221480-00221598 this level
+B30j_FPIlnY-00908-00221600-00221975 that's it i'm gonna pause it
+B30j_FPIlnY-00909-00221976-00222263 yeah if i restart is it the controller
+B30j_FPIlnY-00910-00222264-00222398 or the game let me get a different
+B30j_FPIlnY-00911-00222400-00222582 controller
+B30j_FPIlnY-00912-00222583-00223039 that's right i got more controllers
+B30j_FPIlnY-00913-00223040-00223223 no more controllers for this kind of
+B30j_FPIlnY-00914-00223223-00223415 situation
+B30j_FPIlnY-00915-00223416-00223615 can i tip from the screen
+B30j_FPIlnY-00916-00223616-00223823 you just go to jerrybanfield.com and
+B30j_FPIlnY-00917-00223823-00224031 click the tip button if you want a tip
+B30j_FPIlnY-00918-00224032-00224167 we got a shitload of tips though we
+B30j_FPIlnY-00919-00224167-00224334 don't even need any more tips that's
+B30j_FPIlnY-00920-00224335-00224415 good
+B30j_FPIlnY-00921-00224416-00224575 a lot
+B30j_FPIlnY-00922-00224576-00224782 all right
+B30j_FPIlnY-00923-00224783-00225015 i was the controller i [__] i [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00924-00225016-00225342 broke the controller holy [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00925-00225344-00225567 [__] broke the controller
+B30j_FPIlnY-00926-00225567-00225767 that's pretty epic
+B30j_FPIlnY-00927-00225767-00226119 cheap ass controller too i just got that
+B30j_FPIlnY-00928-00226119-00226663 i just got that cheap ass controller
+B30j_FPIlnY-00929-00226664-00226798 all right now we're gonna use this is an
+B30j_FPIlnY-00930-00226800-00227367 old-school original nintendo controller
+B30j_FPIlnY-00931-00227367-00227782 guess what 73 times 73 deaths
+B30j_FPIlnY-00932-00227783-00227967 what was i talking about all these
+B30j_FPIlnY-00933-00227967-00228198 dating sites they need to put like how
+B30j_FPIlnY-00934-00228200-00228358 often do you want to have sex on it
+B30j_FPIlnY-00935-00228359-00228503 right like that's
+B30j_FPIlnY-00936-00228504-00228646 you know if if you're
+B30j_FPIlnY-00937-00228648-00228823 a person like me that likes to have sex
+B30j_FPIlnY-00938-00228823-00229023 every day or two you don't need to be
+B30j_FPIlnY-00939-00229023-00229231 dating some girl that
+B30j_FPIlnY-00940-00229232-00229439 that's like yeah maybe once um every
+B30j_FPIlnY-00941-00229440-00229655 couple of weeks like you don't even need
+B30j_FPIlnY-00942-00229656-00229839 to go out on a first date
+B30j_FPIlnY-00943-00229840-00230046 you don't even need to like go out on
+B30j_FPIlnY-00944-00230048-00230239 the first date just
+B30j_FPIlnY-00945-00230240-00230679 let's just just ray skip that [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00946-00230680-00230806 i
+B30j_FPIlnY-00947-00230807-00231039 will not be defeated
+B30j_FPIlnY-00948-00231040-00231334 i will not be defeated that easily
+B30j_FPIlnY-00949-00231335-00231727 you have to try harder to crush my soul
+B30j_FPIlnY-00950-00231728-00232134 you will not crush my soul
+B30j_FPIlnY-00951-00232135-00232471 what a [__] i shot the door open
+B30j_FPIlnY-00952-00232471-00232694 god's like [__] you
+B30j_FPIlnY-00953-00232696-00232887 no you didn't
+B30j_FPIlnY-00954-00232888-00233142 all right whatever god whatever
+B30j_FPIlnY-00955-00233144-00233382 all right send your send your son who
+B30j_FPIlnY-00956-00233383-00233575 died for my sins down here to help me
+B30j_FPIlnY-00957-00233576-00233903 because he didn't have [__] better to
+B30j_FPIlnY-00958-00233904-00234255 stars do stars i love that i love stars
+B30j_FPIlnY-00959-00234256-00234446 right now facebook is
+B30j_FPIlnY-00960-00234448-00234703 doubling the stars you send so now's a
+B30j_FPIlnY-00961-00234704-00234919 great time to send stars and i love
+B30j_FPIlnY-00962-00234919-00235151 getting the tip too come on [__] come
+B30j_FPIlnY-00963-00235152-00235503 on [__] come on
+B30j_FPIlnY-00964-00235504-00235879 yeah i ran into the dork on your man
+B30j_FPIlnY-00965-00235880-00236055 oh mother
+B30j_FPIlnY-00966-00236056-00236342 all right i think i've died at least i
+B30j_FPIlnY-00967-00236344-00236591 think this is 81 times i'm just
+B30j_FPIlnY-00968-00236592-00236863 i don't even care i don't even care i
+B30j_FPIlnY-00969-00236864-00237167 was unaware how fine you was before my
+B30j_FPIlnY-00970-00237167-00237631 bus set in
+B30j_FPIlnY-00971-00237632-00237871 blaming on a nintendo got you [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00972-00237871-00238198 crazy blaming on the terminator got you
+B30j_FPIlnY-00973-00238200-00238694 looking stupid
+B30j_FPIlnY-00974-00238696-00238934 blaming on a ca
+B30j_FPIlnY-00975-00238935-00239158 controller oh
+B30j_FPIlnY-00976-00239159-00239246 no
+B30j_FPIlnY-00977-00239248-00239479 i had the truck
+B30j_FPIlnY-00978-00239480-00239742 i
+B30j_FPIlnY-00979-00239744-00239919 i'm going to beat this i'm going to beat
+B30j_FPIlnY-00980-00239919-00240110 it the problem is i'm never going to
+B30j_FPIlnY-00981-00240111-00240294 want to turn this game off after i beat
+B30j_FPIlnY-00982-00240296-00240430 this [__] either because if i ever want
+B30j_FPIlnY-00983-00240431-00240623 to play this again i want to play next
+B30j_FPIlnY-00984-00240623-00240791 level we're still in the first like 20
+B30j_FPIlnY-00985-00240792-00241158 minutes of the movie right now hell yeah
+B30j_FPIlnY-00986-00241159-00241271 new game
+B30j_FPIlnY-00987-00241271-00241423 [__] that [__] that we're gonna take
+B30j_FPIlnY-00988-00241423-00241767 this game down and take this game down
+B30j_FPIlnY-00989-00241767-00241951 run down the block naked after i take
+B30j_FPIlnY-00990-00241952-00242471 this [__] out
+B30j_FPIlnY-00991-00242471-00242819 i think that's like 85 times man
+B30j_FPIlnY-00992-00242821-00242967 [Music]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00993-00242967-00243142 nathaniel says if you don't hear from me
+B30j_FPIlnY-00994-00243144-00243334 for a while all the tips came out of me
+B30j_FPIlnY-00995-00243335-00243655 and my fiance's joint account hell yeah
+B30j_FPIlnY-00996-00243656-00243879 okay who the [__] who
+B30j_FPIlnY-00997-00243880-00244063 the [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-00998-00244064-00244455 did you send a 69
+B30j_FPIlnY-00999-00244456-00244830 and 69
+B30j_FPIlnY-01000-00244831-00245182 what kind of [__] were you tipping on
+B30j_FPIlnY-01001-00245183-00245519 facebook [__] gaming
+B30j_FPIlnY-01002-00245519-00245679 and you'll be like uh actually it was
+B30j_FPIlnY-01003-00245680-00245798 the dude
+B30j_FPIlnY-01004-00245800-00246030 you'd be like god damn it you're in the
+B30j_FPIlnY-01005-00246031-00246223 dunes
+B30j_FPIlnY-01006-00246223-00246327 ah
+B30j_FPIlnY-01007-00246328-00246482 i knew it
+B30j_FPIlnY-01008-00246483-00246934 i [__] knew it
+B30j_FPIlnY-01009-00246935-00247151 that's what she's gonna be like
+B30j_FPIlnY-01010-00247152-00247567 that's what she's gonna be like
+B30j_FPIlnY-01011-00247567-00247798 hey what's cool for all those commenters
+B30j_FPIlnY-01012-00247800-00248094 are like he's a punch he's on drugs no
+B30j_FPIlnY-01013-00248096-00248342 i'm not i just know how to have a good
+B30j_FPIlnY-01014-00248344-00248655 time when i'm sober oh god oh god i hit
+B30j_FPIlnY-01015-00248656-00248919 the pause button let's not do that don't
+B30j_FPIlnY-01016-00248919-00249215 need to break another controller
+B30j_FPIlnY-01017-00249216-00249415 oh god i want to see your fiance when
+B30j_FPIlnY-01018-00249416-00249806 she sees that 69 69 tip
+B30j_FPIlnY-01019-00249807-00249903 who
+B30j_FPIlnY-01020-00249904-00250134 who who is this [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-01021-00250135-00250319 do i need to know
+B30j_FPIlnY-01022-00250319-00250623 who is jerry banfield
+B30j_FPIlnY-01023-00250623-00250919 dude i dropped dead mouse a tip
+B30j_FPIlnY-01024-00250919-00251110 and dead mouse called his paypal
+B30j_FPIlnY-01025-00251111-00251358 business epic fail
+B30j_FPIlnY-01026-00251359-00251551 i'm like yeah that was kind of dumb for
+B30j_FPIlnY-01027-00251552-00251775 me to be dropping 20 dead mouse didn't
+B30j_FPIlnY-01028-00251776-00252094 even say [__] about my tip
+B30j_FPIlnY-01029-00252096-00252334 and then it says epic film like well now
+B30j_FPIlnY-01030-00252335-00252551 i feel [__] dumb don't i guess i
+B30j_FPIlnY-01031-00252552-00252710 won't do that again
+B30j_FPIlnY-01032-00252711-00252830 i'll just keep
+B30j_FPIlnY-01033-00252831-00253182 listening to his music on amazon
+B30j_FPIlnY-01034-00253183-00253406 or not i don't even have youtube hell
+B30j_FPIlnY-01035-00253407-00253542 yeah mike's in the building with another
+B30j_FPIlnY-01036-00253544-00253655 hundo
+B30j_FPIlnY-01037-00253656-00253894 oh [__] oh [__] i'm getting hard i'm
+B30j_FPIlnY-01038-00253896-00254151 getting hard here we go here we go is
+B30j_FPIlnY-01039-00254152-00254430 this the end somebody said to send
+B30j_FPIlnY-01040-00254431-00254742 oh [__] oh [__] come on come on it's as
+B30j_FPIlnY-01041-00254744-00255191 far as we've ever gotten oh [__] oh [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-01042-00255192-00255430 oh my god oh
+B30j_FPIlnY-01043-00255431-00255671 oh come on the [__] is another is that
+B30j_FPIlnY-01044-00255671-00255967 john that's john isn't it
+B30j_FPIlnY-01045-00255967-00256303 oh we [__] feed it we [__] beat it
+B30j_FPIlnY-01046-00256304-00256591 it took it took damn near 100
+B30j_FPIlnY-01047-00256592-00256887 deaths to beat that [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-01048-00256888-00257071 without the infinite lives it would have
+B30j_FPIlnY-01049-00257071-00257367 taken more than four hours
+B30j_FPIlnY-01050-00257367-00257679 to beat that [__] oh my god
+B30j_FPIlnY-01051-00257680-00257942 i believe that we will win i believe
+B30j_FPIlnY-01052-00257944-00258198 that we will win
+B30j_FPIlnY-01053-00258200-00258446 holly yes billy thank you very much for
+B30j_FPIlnY-01054-00258448-00258575 the share
+B30j_FPIlnY-01055-00258576-00258775 oh look at that why does that guy not
+B30j_FPIlnY-01056-00258776-00258967 look like arnold
+B30j_FPIlnY-01057-00258967-00259082 holy
+B30j_FPIlnY-01058-00259083-00259671 [__] i i actually loved that a whole lot
+B30j_FPIlnY-01059-00259671-00259975 i like getting my ass whooped
+B30j_FPIlnY-01060-00259976-00260263 while i get my ass whooped
+B30j_FPIlnY-01061-00260264-00260423 oh my god
+B30j_FPIlnY-01062-00260423-00260615 he says i noticed you trimmed your last
+B30j_FPIlnY-01063-00260616-00260871 video which one the paper boy one
+B30j_FPIlnY-01064-00260871-00261094 did i
+B30j_FPIlnY-01065-00261096-00261198 i don't
+B30j_FPIlnY-01066-00261200-00261398 i don't remember
+B30j_FPIlnY-01067-00261400-00261855 hey yeah
+B30j_FPIlnY-01068-00261856-00262006 the thing that says can i get a cell
+B30j_FPIlnY-01069-00262007-00262182 number you need to make up a story with
+B30j_FPIlnY-01070-00262183-00262606 me i'm helping you with my uh taxes
+B30j_FPIlnY-01071-00262607-00262855 michael said if you had to spend 100k in
+B30j_FPIlnY-01072-00262856-00263134 24 hours what would you buy
+B30j_FPIlnY-01073-00263135-00263351 my first thought and this is not what
+B30j_FPIlnY-01074-00263352-00263510 i'd actually do
+B30j_FPIlnY-01075-00263511-00263734 but my first thought was god damn that'd
+B30j_FPIlnY-01076-00263735-00264167 be a lot of hookers wouldn't it
+B30j_FPIlnY-01077-00264168-00264430 oh my god i could have a whole small
+B30j_FPIlnY-01078-00264431-00264710 town for 100k
+B30j_FPIlnY-01079-00264711-00264967 i could probably have i guess it depends
+B30j_FPIlnY-01080-00264968-00265215 on what level of hookers you got
+B30j_FPIlnY-01081-00265216-00265799 but i could have like 500 hookers
+B30j_FPIlnY-01082-00265800-00265967 karen says my kids are in the room i
+B30j_FPIlnY-01083-00265968-00266358 have to muffle your crazy ass
+B30j_FPIlnY-01084-00266359-00266534 he's like putting his putting his hand
+B30j_FPIlnY-01085-00266535-00266782 over to my [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-01086-00266783-00267255 [__] [__] don't listen to jerry
+B30j_FPIlnY-01087-00267256-00267479 akara
+B30j_FPIlnY-01088-00267480-00267639 no i'm just playing that was the first
+B30j_FPIlnY-01089-00267640-00267919 thought that crossed my mind
+B30j_FPIlnY-01090-00267920-00268055 that's definitely not what i would do
+B30j_FPIlnY-01091-00268056-00268206 but that was the first thought if i had
+B30j_FPIlnY-01092-00268207-00268463 a hundred thousand dollars to spend in
+B30j_FPIlnY-01093-00268464-00268734 24 hours i'd just pay off my existing
+B30j_FPIlnY-01094-00268735-00269006 debts is what i would do for sure or it
+B30j_FPIlnY-01095-00269007-00269206 wasn't that the longest ass cutscene two
+B30j_FPIlnY-01096-00269207-00269351 i would definitely just pay off my
+B30j_FPIlnY-01097-00269352-00269727 existing debts
+B30j_FPIlnY-01098-00269728-00269910 nathanael says i'll take you on the best
+B30j_FPIlnY-01099-00269911-00270134 oh hell yeah
+B30j_FPIlnY-01100-00270135-00270847 no no no john made me not kill oh my god
+B30j_FPIlnY-01101-00270848-00271134 i have to shoot people in the legs
+B30j_FPIlnY-01102-00271135-00271447 come on john
+B30j_FPIlnY-01103-00271448-00271703 john connor really screwed me on this
+B30j_FPIlnY-01104-00271704-00271887 one
+B30j_FPIlnY-01105-00271888-00272127 oh my goodness
+B30j_FPIlnY-01106-00272128-00272334 come on john don't do they made this
+B30j_FPIlnY-01107-00272335-00272503 game did it what did i just do i made
+B30j_FPIlnY-01108-00272504-00272743 one of those little sounds
+B30j_FPIlnY-01109-00272744-00273015 how did i do that that was cool
+B30j_FPIlnY-01110-00273016-00273271 thank god i got to this level
+B30j_FPIlnY-01111-00273272-00273439 oh i have to shoot them in the legs i
+B30j_FPIlnY-01112-00273440-00273575 can't shoot them in the face so i have
+B30j_FPIlnY-01113-00273576-00273743 to duck down
+B30j_FPIlnY-01114-00273744-00274079 to shoot them that's nice
+B30j_FPIlnY-01115-00274080-00274230 that's real nice
+B30j_FPIlnY-01116-00274231-00274479 thanks a lot john
+B30j_FPIlnY-01117-00274480-00274767 well i can't go through this
+B30j_FPIlnY-01118-00274768-00274999 whoa let's do oh yeah you did oh we're
+B30j_FPIlnY-01119-00275000-00275191 in the mental institution now i love the
+B30j_FPIlnY-01120-00275192-00275375 mental institution
+B30j_FPIlnY-01121-00275376-00275567 you would love the mental institution
+B30j_FPIlnY-01122-00275568-00275823 jerry i worked at a mental institution
+B30j_FPIlnY-01123-00275824-00276334 before
+B30j_FPIlnY-01124-00276335-00276479 dude how many of these dudes is he
+B30j_FPIlnY-01125-00276480-00276743 shooting in the knee right now holy [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-01126-00276744-00277095 i worked at a mental institution
+B30j_FPIlnY-01127-00277096-00277830 where's the elevator access
+B30j_FPIlnY-01128-00277831-00278134 can i go back through here
+B30j_FPIlnY-01129-00278135-00278567 the hell what do i do right now
+B30j_FPIlnY-01130-00278568-00278839 oh is it taking energy every time oh i'm
+B30j_FPIlnY-01131-00278840-00279087 like searching for an access card
+B30j_FPIlnY-01132-00279088-00279319 hell this game is so random these dudes
+B30j_FPIlnY-01133-00279320-00279575 trying to beat me
+B30j_FPIlnY-01134-00279576-00280063 where the hell is the elevator access
+B30j_FPIlnY-01135-00280064-00280303 oh let's try in here yeah where's sarah
+B30j_FPIlnY-01136-00280304-00280463 connor
+B30j_FPIlnY-01137-00280464-00281158 where the hell is sarah connor
+B30j_FPIlnY-01138-00281159-00281767 wait am i
+B30j_FPIlnY-01139-00281768-00282079 wait am i losing ammo what is this
+B30j_FPIlnY-01140-00282080-00282295 what is this thing telling me i don't
+B30j_FPIlnY-01141-00282296-00282455 even understand what's going on in here
+B30j_FPIlnY-01142-00282456-00282671 right now
+B30j_FPIlnY-01143-00282672-00282830 the music's cool though you like this
+B30j_FPIlnY-01144-00282831-00282951 music
+B30j_FPIlnY-01145-00282952-00283510 i'm a patient now
+B30j_FPIlnY-01146-00283511-00283815 nice couch right here aha
+B30j_FPIlnY-01147-00283816-00283999 i got the card
+B30j_FPIlnY-01148-00284000-00284223 all right we got the elevator card the
+B30j_FPIlnY-01149-00284224-00284471 more contact i have with humans the more
+B30j_FPIlnY-01150-00284472-00284606 i learn
+B30j_FPIlnY-01151-00284607-00284751 hell yeah we're riding up the elevator
+B30j_FPIlnY-01152-00284752-00284871 let's go baby
+B30j_FPIlnY-01153-00284872-00285143 yeah i worked in a mental institution
+B30j_FPIlnY-01154-00285144-00285343 and then one of the main things that
+B30j_FPIlnY-01155-00285344-00285510 stuck with me is
+B30j_FPIlnY-01156-00285511-00285710 the only difference between me and these
+B30j_FPIlnY-01157-00285711-00285887 [__] is they don't know when to
+B30j_FPIlnY-01158-00285888-00286071 shut up
+B30j_FPIlnY-01159-00286072-00286279 like i realize i should keep the crazy
+B30j_FPIlnY-01160-00286280-00286479 [__] i'm thinking to myself and they
+B30j_FPIlnY-01161-00286480-00286847 don't
+B30j_FPIlnY-01162-00286848-00287039 they don't realize that they shouldn't
+B30j_FPIlnY-01163-00287040-00287247 tell people these things
+B30j_FPIlnY-01164-00287248-00287551 and i do
+B30j_FPIlnY-01165-00287552-00287806 yes look at his music if you to me were
+B30j_FPIlnY-01166-00287807-00287982 to reinstate your account
+B30j_FPIlnY-01167-00287983-00288151 and courses would you give up facebook
+B30j_FPIlnY-01168-00288152-00288519 gaming no that's a good question michael
+B30j_FPIlnY-01169-00288520-00288695 michael if oh do you want me to give
+B30j_FPIlnY-01170-00288696-00289063 another so michael asked if you had 100k
+B30j_FPIlnY-01171-00289064-00289287 if you had 100k to spend in 24 hours
+B30j_FPIlnY-01172-00289288-00289495 what would you spend it on so i said pay
+B30j_FPIlnY-01173-00289496-00289695 down my debt which is not a very fun
+B30j_FPIlnY-01174-00289696-00289910 answer so let's in a theoretical
+B30j_FPIlnY-01175-00289911-00290087 universe let's say my debt was already
+B30j_FPIlnY-01176-00290088-00290279 paid down
+B30j_FPIlnY-01177-00290280-00290463 i would get
+B30j_FPIlnY-01178-00290464-00290767 i would get a an addition put on to our
+B30j_FPIlnY-01179-00290768-00290982 house my wife and i would love to have
+B30j_FPIlnY-01180-00290983-00291487 an addition on our house so oh
+B30j_FPIlnY-01181-00291488-00291671 i would we would get an addition put on
+B30j_FPIlnY-01182-00291672-00291879 our house good question michael michael
+B30j_FPIlnY-01183-00291880-00292015 says if you and me were to reinstate
+B30j_FPIlnY-01184-00292016-00292134 your account would you quit facebook
+B30j_FPIlnY-01185-00292135-00292327 gaming nope
+B30j_FPIlnY-01186-00292328-00292695 i'm good i'm good i'm in the pursuit of
+B30j_FPIlnY-01187-00292696-00293023 happiness and i know no i would not
+B30j_FPIlnY-01188-00293024-00293247 if udemy gave my account back and said
+B30j_FPIlnY-01189-00293248-00293447 you can come back and teach
+B30j_FPIlnY-01190-00293448-00293639 i would not quit facebook gaming over
+B30j_FPIlnY-01191-00293640-00293854 that
+B30j_FPIlnY-01192-00293855-00294087 wait i ran out of ammo
+B30j_FPIlnY-01193-00294088-00294439 damn it where's some ammo
+B30j_FPIlnY-01194-00294440-00294710 yeah definitely i love facebook gaming
+B30j_FPIlnY-01195-00294711-00294982 in fact i think
+B30j_FPIlnY-01196-00294983-00295191 i think part of the reason i lost my
+B30j_FPIlnY-01197-00295192-00295463 udemy account was divine guidance to get
+B30j_FPIlnY-01198-00295464-00295806 me to do gaming
+B30j_FPIlnY-01199-00295807-00296015 because i couldn't focus on gaming as
+B30j_FPIlnY-01200-00296016-00296254 long as i was on udemy that's a great
+B30j_FPIlnY-01201-00296255-00296558 question michael
+B30j_FPIlnY-01202-00296559-00296719 oh hell yeah give me some more them
+B30j_FPIlnY-01203-00296720-00296951 shotgun shells
+B30j_FPIlnY-01204-00296952-00297230 oh my god i gotta restart this level why
+B30j_FPIlnY-01205-00297231-00297391 nathaniel says what's the biggest tip
+B30j_FPIlnY-01206-00297392-00297854 you've received my biggest stream
+B30j_FPIlnY-01207-00297855-00298015 the biggest stream
+B30j_FPIlnY-01208-00298016-00298334 this is the liquid terminator isn't it
+B30j_FPIlnY-01209-00298335-00298463 the biggest
+B30j_FPIlnY-01210-00298464-00298734 stream i've ever had
+B30j_FPIlnY-01211-00298735-00298999 was six or seven hundred dollars in tips
+B30j_FPIlnY-01212-00299000-00299263 in one stream that was last year
+B30j_FPIlnY-01213-00299264-00299519 the biggest single tip i've ever got i
+B30j_FPIlnY-01214-00299520-00299879 believe it was from jamie
+B30j_FPIlnY-01215-00299880-00300158 and she sent it in stars
+B30j_FPIlnY-01216-00300159-00300391 she sent 200
+B30j_FPIlnY-01217-00300392-00300703 almost 200 in stars crazy canadian
+B30j_FPIlnY-01218-00300704-00300854 gaming
+B30j_FPIlnY-01219-00300855-00300975 sent
+B30j_FPIlnY-01220-00300976-00301375 a box of stuff worth more than two
+B30j_FPIlnY-01221-00301376-00301534 hundred dollars
+B30j_FPIlnY-01222-00301535-00301695 so that's the biggest thing i've got
+B30j_FPIlnY-01223-00301696-00301975 ever in streaming
+B30j_FPIlnY-01224-00301976-00302343 and it's so silly to me because
+B30j_FPIlnY-01225-00302344-00302599 when i really desperately wanted and
+B30j_FPIlnY-01226-00302600-00302806 felt like i needed to have tips and
+B30j_FPIlnY-01227-00302807-00302951 needed to get money
+B30j_FPIlnY-01228-00302952-00303167 jasmine thank you for another share when
+B30j_FPIlnY-01229-00303168-00303430 i felt so desperate and insecure and
+B30j_FPIlnY-01230-00303431-00303719 really really wanted tips
+B30j_FPIlnY-01231-00303720-00304006 nice and really really wanted the
+B30j_FPIlnY-01232-00304007-00304343 stars like hardly anybody sent anything
+B30j_FPIlnY-01233-00304344-00304575 and now i'm like so grateful so
+B30j_FPIlnY-01234-00304576-00304767 self-confident like don't even pay much
+B30j_FPIlnY-01235-00304768-00304982 attention to how many stars or tips i
+B30j_FPIlnY-01236-00304983-00305239 get on an individual stream now you all
+B30j_FPIlnY-01237-00305240-00305471 send more than ever it's like one of
+B30j_FPIlnY-01238-00305472-00305758 those things in life how
+B30j_FPIlnY-01239-00305759-00305903 you know like when you're absolutely
+B30j_FPIlnY-01240-00305904-00306054 desperate and you really want to find
+B30j_FPIlnY-01241-00306055-00306271 somebody to date like nobody will go out
+B30j_FPIlnY-01242-00306272-00306439 with you and then you just kind of relax
+B30j_FPIlnY-01243-00306440-00306630 focus on your life
+B30j_FPIlnY-01244-00306631-00306799 like then you just find dates really
+B30j_FPIlnY-01245-00306800-00307215 easily all of a sudden without an effort
+B30j_FPIlnY-01246-00307216-00307430 that's the strangest thing in life
+B30j_FPIlnY-01247-00307431-00307591 if you and me reinstated you is there
+B30j_FPIlnY-01248-00307592-00307839 anything you do different this time yes
+B30j_FPIlnY-01249-00307840-00308110 michael i definitely would i would film
+B30j_FPIlnY-01250-00308111-00308303 my [__] courses
+B30j_FPIlnY-01251-00308304-00308463 and that's it
+B30j_FPIlnY-01252-00308464-00308647 i wouldn't try and be posting in the
+B30j_FPIlnY-01253-00308648-00308903 udemy facebook group talking all this
+B30j_FPIlnY-01254-00308904-00308991 [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-01255-00308992-00309191 i wouldn't be
+B30j_FPIlnY-01256-00309192-00309423 i wouldn't be trying to be the number
+B30j_FPIlnY-01257-00309424-00309647 one instructor on you to me either
+B30j_FPIlnY-01258-00309648-00309830 what pissed the people off at you to me
+B30j_FPIlnY-01259-00309831-00310087 and i didn't violate any policies
+B30j_FPIlnY-01260-00310088-00310254 they just banned me because they i
+B30j_FPIlnY-01261-00310255-00310399 pissed them off
+B30j_FPIlnY-01262-00310400-00310582 i kept talking [__] about things like
+B30j_FPIlnY-01263-00310583-00310830 their pricing policy
+B30j_FPIlnY-01264-00310831-00310951 and
+B30j_FPIlnY-01265-00310952-00311143 i kept
+B30j_FPIlnY-01266-00311144-00311375 you know doing whatever i could do
+B30j_FPIlnY-01267-00311376-00311615 to get my courses up to number one doing
+B30j_FPIlnY-01268-00311616-00311934 obnoxious things like putting
+B30j_FPIlnY-01269-00311935-00312134 you know i'd put an ad on the udemy
+B30j_FPIlnY-01270-00312135-00312351 keyword for my how to teach on udemy
+B30j_FPIlnY-01271-00312352-00312510 course
+B30j_FPIlnY-01272-00312511-00312703 oh god i hope i don't have to start this
+B30j_FPIlnY-01273-00312704-00312943 whole damn level over again oh my god we
+B30j_FPIlnY-01274-00312944-00313215 need to put more cheats on guys
+B30j_FPIlnY-01275-00313216-00313439 we need to put more cheese on
+B30j_FPIlnY-01276-00313440-00313591 oh no we don't have to start all the way
+B30j_FPIlnY-01277-00313592-00313806 upstairs thank god thank you joseph for
+B30j_FPIlnY-01278-00313807-00313934 the hundo
+B30j_FPIlnY-01279-00313935-00314334 100 stars i love that
+B30j_FPIlnY-01280-00314335-00314567 so what i did on udemy is i pissed them
+B30j_FPIlnY-01281-00314568-00314782 off with all my antics
+B30j_FPIlnY-01282-00314783-00315151 and they just made up a reason to ban me
+B30j_FPIlnY-01283-00315152-00315406 like same as you might piss off a a
+B30j_FPIlnY-01284-00315407-00315663 partner and they might just
+B30j_FPIlnY-01285-00315664-00315863 oh you know it's not me it's you i just
+B30j_FPIlnY-01286-00315864-00316054 i'm gonna break up with you you know
+B30j_FPIlnY-01287-00316055-00316247 same kind of thing
+B30j_FPIlnY-01288-00316248-00316391 so i would
+B30j_FPIlnY-01289-00316392-00316591 like on facebook gaming i'm not aiming
+B30j_FPIlnY-01290-00316592-00316758 to be the number one streamer i'm not
+B30j_FPIlnY-01291-00316759-00317015 like constantly watching and competing
+B30j_FPIlnY-01292-00317016-00317239 with the other streamers i'm not talking
+B30j_FPIlnY-01293-00317240-00317471 [__] i had one stream where i talked a
+B30j_FPIlnY-01294-00317472-00317630 little bit of [__] and i deleted that
+B30j_FPIlnY-01295-00317631-00317767 one
+B30j_FPIlnY-01296-00317768-00317982 i mean i don't go around bashing other
+B30j_FPIlnY-01297-00317983-00318182 streamers and
+B30j_FPIlnY-01298-00318183-00318551 and like i did on udemy
+B30j_FPIlnY-01299-00318552-00318806 and i i don't go around like pushing my
+B30j_FPIlnY-01300-00318807-00319039 stream in everyone's face
+B30j_FPIlnY-01301-00319040-00319206 so i'm grateful udemy was a really
+B30j_FPIlnY-01302-00319207-00319423 valuable lesson
+B30j_FPIlnY-01303-00319424-00319654 hell yeah we got a new supporter off of
+B30j_FPIlnY-01304-00319655-00320247 nathan's gift sub let's go nathan
+B30j_FPIlnY-01305-00320248-00320495 nathaniel thank you for that gift sub
+B30j_FPIlnY-01306-00320496-00320695 along with the big tips that you'll have
+B30j_FPIlnY-01307-00320696-00320903 to explain to your fiance [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-01308-00320904-00321158 terminated karma is real what's up
+B30j_FPIlnY-01309-00321159-00321332 ronald nice to see you today
+B30j_FPIlnY-01310-00321333-00321503 [Music]
+B30j_FPIlnY-01311-00321504-00321734 mike says i sell do you like sports yeah
+B30j_FPIlnY-01312-00321735-00322023 i do love some sports
+B30j_FPIlnY-01313-00322024-00322230 out of ammo unless you can get more yeah
+B30j_FPIlnY-01314-00322231-00322375 you can pick up more ammo in certain
+B30j_FPIlnY-01315-00322376-00322519 places
+B30j_FPIlnY-01316-00322520-00322710 i like sports i
+B30j_FPIlnY-01317-00322711-00322975 i love playing sports like and i haven't
+B30j_FPIlnY-01318-00322976-00323151 played too many sports
+B30j_FPIlnY-01319-00323152-00323303 i have a
+B30j_FPIlnY-01320-00323304-00323623 one of my issues with sports is
+B30j_FPIlnY-01321-00323624-00323854 i i i have high expectations like if
+B30j_FPIlnY-01322-00323855-00323975 you're gonna be the team captain you
+B30j_FPIlnY-01323-00323976-00324247 better have your [__] together
+B30j_FPIlnY-01324-00324248-00324447 like i was on assault one of the last
+B30j_FPIlnY-01325-00324448-00324582 group sports i played i was on a
+B30j_FPIlnY-01326-00324583-00324727 softball team
+B30j_FPIlnY-01327-00324728-00324887 and the girl that was in charge with
+B30j_FPIlnY-01328-00324888-00325054 like
+B30j_FPIlnY-01329-00325055-00325279 i couldn't stand she'd be putting all
+B30j_FPIlnY-01330-00325280-00325463 these i don't know what she did with the
+B30j_FPIlnY-01331-00325464-00325663 lineups and stuff like that but that
+B30j_FPIlnY-01332-00325664-00325903 [__] was aggravating
+B30j_FPIlnY-01333-00325904-00326103 i of course in my mind was one of the
+B30j_FPIlnY-01334-00326104-00326254 better players and she wasn't making
+B30j_FPIlnY-01335-00326255-00326551 good use of me
+B30j_FPIlnY-01336-00326552-00326734 man this is this mental institution has
+B30j_FPIlnY-01337-00326735-00326910 a lot of floor
+B30j_FPIlnY-01338-00326911-00327095 jose said come on google said you were
+B30j_FPIlnY-01339-00327096-00327334 number one at warzone solos it did
+B30j_FPIlnY-01340-00327335-00327567 it did it was so funny how people got so
+B30j_FPIlnY-01341-00327568-00327734 mad about that too that [__] was
+B30j_FPIlnY-01342-00327735-00327839 hilarious
+B30j_FPIlnY-01343-00327840-00328047 you're not number one at war zone solos
+B30j_FPIlnY-01344-00328048-00328327 z laner's number one
+B30j_FPIlnY-01345-00328328-00328519 or whoever the hell else they said was
+B30j_FPIlnY-01346-00328520-00328863 number one all the time
+B30j_FPIlnY-01347-00328864-00329103 like well google says i'm number one so
+B30j_FPIlnY-01348-00329104-00329247 suck it
+B30j_FPIlnY-01349-00329248-00329567 let's do run around shoot me an ass
+B30j_FPIlnY-01350-00329568-00329775 i can get a shot and ask for that can i
+B30j_FPIlnY-01351-00329776-00330327 switch my weapon
+B30j_FPIlnY-01352-00330328-00330503 tell me i can switch my where's linda
+B30j_FPIlnY-01353-00330504-00330734 hamilton
+B30j_FPIlnY-01354-00330735-00330919 oh god they're coming oh yes more
+B30j_FPIlnY-01355-00330920-00331110 shotgun ammo nice
+B30j_FPIlnY-01356-00331111-00331375 damn you're terminated [__]
+B30j_FPIlnY-01357-00331376-00331567 matt nintena says can we play madden
+B30j_FPIlnY-01358-00331568-00331775 against each other sure i
+B30j_FPIlnY-01359-00331776-00331934 i would love to play some madden with
+B30j_FPIlnY-01360-00331935-00332087 you
+B30j_FPIlnY-01361-00332088-00332263 i got a phone number
+B30j_FPIlnY-01362-00332264-00332575 and i'll give you my phone number
+B30j_FPIlnY-01363-00332576-00332799 that you can text me at
+B30j_FPIlnY-01364-00332800-00333158 i'll put it in the chat in just a minute
+B30j_FPIlnY-01365-00333159-00333282 i love this
+B30j_FPIlnY-01366-00333283-00333623 music is some silly [__] right now
+B30j_FPIlnY-01367-00333624-00333815 oh is that her
+B30j_FPIlnY-01368-00333816-00334071 come with me if you want to live oh nice
+B30j_FPIlnY-01369-00334072-00334303 we got to linda hamilton hell yeah i'll
+B30j_FPIlnY-01370-00334304-00334463 put my phone number in the chat you can
+B30j_FPIlnY-01371-00334464-00334623 text me
+B30j_FPIlnY-01372-00334624-00335206 you can text me and set up a madden game
+B30j_FPIlnY-01373-00335207-00335439 or nice we could rescued sarah connor
+B30j_FPIlnY-01374-00335440-00335647 hell yeah or nathaniel you can add me on
+B30j_FPIlnY-01375-00335648-00335863 facebook you prank facebook message me
+B30j_FPIlnY-01376-00335864-00336078 which one works better holy [__] you all
+B30j_FPIlnY-01377-00336079-00336382 gave 11 tips tonight
+B30j_FPIlnY-01378-00336383-00336639 oh my god
+B30j_FPIlnY-01379-00336640-00336839 that is incredible thank you that is
+B30j_FPIlnY-01380-00336840-00337223 amazing 11 different individual tips
+B30j_FPIlnY-01381-00337224-00337399 wow look at all these weapons we just
+B30j_FPIlnY-01382-00337400-00337527 picked up
+B30j_FPIlnY-01383-00337528-00337751 good lord
+B30j_FPIlnY-01384-00337752-00337991 that is fantastic three whole if
+B30j_FPIlnY-01385-00337992-00338167 facebook opened a teaching platform
+B30j_FPIlnY-01386-00338168-00338367 would you switch your efforts back
+B30j_FPIlnY-01387-00338368-00338567 i'm not sure michael i was thinking
+B30j_FPIlnY-01388-00338568-00338847 today about maybe i could live stream on
+B30j_FPIlnY-01389-00338848-00339078 tick tock
+B30j_FPIlnY-01390-00339079-00339223 hell yeah we're getting deep into this
+B30j_FPIlnY-01391-00339224-00339463 game have you noticed how many lives
+B30j_FPIlnY-01392-00339464-00339671 i've lost
+B30j_FPIlnY-01393-00339672-00339871 have you oh nice we're at cyberdyne
+B30j_FPIlnY-01394-00339872-00340063 systems now aren't we have you noticed
+B30j_FPIlnY-01395-00340064-00340319 how many lives i have lost playing this
+B30j_FPIlnY-01396-00340320-00340606 game i have lost
+B30j_FPIlnY-01397-00340607-00340991 i have lost like a hundred
+B30j_FPIlnY-01398-00340992-00341334 i think i've lost like a hundred and
+B30j_FPIlnY-01399-00341335-00341743 at least 110 maybe 120 lives
+B30j_FPIlnY-01400-00341744-00341934 playing this game
+B30j_FPIlnY-01401-00341935-00342271 this game is [__] nuts
+B30j_FPIlnY-01402-00342272-00342767 you gotta cheat on this game
+B30j_FPIlnY-01403-00342768-00342958 you gotta get the game genie on this
+B30j_FPIlnY-01404-00342959-00343158 game man this is wild
+B30j_FPIlnY-01405-00343159-00343430 oh yeah nuke that looks good to me billy
+B30j_FPIlnY-01406-00343431-00343567 says told you we're gonna make it your
+B30j_FPIlnY-01407-00343568-00343751 best night yeah that's incredible lisa
+B30j_FPIlnY-01408-00343752-00343910 nice to see you tonight
+B30j_FPIlnY-01409-00343911-00344199 i have a second phone number so i've got
+B30j_FPIlnY-01410-00344200-00344487 a second phone number just for fans so
+B30j_FPIlnY-01411-00344488-00344630 let me know your preferred way to
+B30j_FPIlnY-01412-00344631-00344815 communicate
+B30j_FPIlnY-01413-00344816-00345015 anyone who's been a supporter for three
+B30j_FPIlnY-01414-00345016-00345175 months can add me as a friend on
+B30j_FPIlnY-01415-00345176-00345399 facebook
+B30j_FPIlnY-01416-00345400-00346230 and
+B30j_FPIlnY-01417-00346231-00346478 all right we got two barrels in here
+B30j_FPIlnY-01418-00346479-00346863 nice to see you lisa
+B30j_FPIlnY-01419-00346864-00347119 lisa we've lost hundreds of lives
+B30j_FPIlnY-01420-00347120-00347487 playing this game tonight
+B30j_FPIlnY-01421-00347488-00347695 this has been a lot of fun
+B30j_FPIlnY-01422-00347696-00347967 matthew thank you for the 200 matthew
+B30j_FPIlnY-01423-00347968-00348199 good to see you again tonight
+B30j_FPIlnY-01424-00348200-00348375 oh nice we got our ammo fully loaded
+B30j_FPIlnY-01425-00348376-00348591 this gun's one hit acquitting them too
+B30j_FPIlnY-01426-00348592-00348775 which is great if you could choose would
+B30j_FPIlnY-01427-00348776-00348975 you rather make a million dollars from
+B30j_FPIlnY-01428-00348976-00349215 facebook gaming or be the most watched
+B30j_FPIlnY-01429-00349216-00349439 gamer damn my michael's got all the good
+B30j_FPIlnY-01430-00349440-00349582 questions
+B30j_FPIlnY-01431-00349583-00349895 imagine being able to be picked
+B30j_FPIlnY-01432-00349896-00350134 oh my god right you're an absolute god
+B30j_FPIlnY-01433-00350135-00350254 if you could beat this game without
+B30j_FPIlnY-01434-00350255-00350351 cheating
+B30j_FPIlnY-01435-00350352-00350551 i mean i probably could
+B30j_FPIlnY-01436-00350552-00350767 if i straight up put the hours into it
+B30j_FPIlnY-01437-00350768-00350958 i'm sure i could i don't know how many
+B30j_FPIlnY-01438-00350959-00351199 hours i need to put into it though
+B30j_FPIlnY-01439-00351200-00351343 mike said if you could choose would you
+B30j_FPIlnY-01440-00351344-00351503 rather make a million dollars to be the
+B30j_FPIlnY-01441-00351504-00351967 most watched gamer
+B30j_FPIlnY-01442-00351968-00352127 now my mind's saying that if i was the
+B30j_FPIlnY-01443-00352128-00352295 most watched gamer i'd probably make a
+B30j_FPIlnY-01444-00352296-00352567 million dollars too
+B30j_FPIlnY-01445-00352568-00352847 but like
+B30j_FPIlnY-01446-00352848-00353030 alright so let's say the choice is most
+B30j_FPIlnY-01447-00353031-00353199 watch gamer
+B30j_FPIlnY-01448-00353200-00353615 and zero dollars or a million dollars
+B30j_FPIlnY-01449-00353616-00353743 i'd say
+B30j_FPIlnY-01450-00353744-00353895 i said i'd rather be the most watched
+B30j_FPIlnY-01451-00353896-00354134 gamer
+B30j_FPIlnY-01452-00354135-00354287 i'd say i'd rather be the most watched
+B30j_FPIlnY-01453-00354288-00354591 gamer i love the chance to
+B30j_FPIlnY-01454-00354592-00354806 joseph thank you for the 200 stars
+B30j_FPIlnY-01455-00354807-00355006 joseph same as you put in the ninja
+B30j_FPIlnY-01456-00355007-00355191 turtles yeah
+B30j_FPIlnY-01457-00355192-00355358 thank you very much for the share astr
+B30j_FPIlnY-01458-00355359-00355630 hugh thank you for the follow
+B30j_FPIlnY-01459-00355631-00355847 yeah i'd probably be i'd probably rather
+B30j_FPIlnY-01460-00355848-00356134 be watched than paid
+B30j_FPIlnY-01461-00356135-00356358 i mean once you've gotten enough money
+B30j_FPIlnY-01462-00356359-00356527 more money doesn't make much of a
+B30j_FPIlnY-01463-00356528-00356734 difference
+B30j_FPIlnY-01464-00356735-00357151 i do love that i i do love
+B30j_FPIlnY-01465-00357152-00357310 we need some more barrels where are the
+B30j_FPIlnY-01466-00357311-00357503 rest of the barrels at
+B30j_FPIlnY-01467-00357504-00357678 i'd probably if you if you want to put
+B30j_FPIlnY-01468-00357679-00357823 the question into like would you rather
+B30j_FPIlnY-01469-00357824-00358303 be watched or paid i'd rather be watched
+B30j_FPIlnY-01470-00358304-00358487 i'd rather be the most watched gamer
+B30j_FPIlnY-01471-00358488-00358767 than like make some millions
+B30j_FPIlnY-01472-00358768-00359030 of dollars from streaming because and
+B30j_FPIlnY-01473-00359031-00359230 once you're comfortable money is kind of
+B30j_FPIlnY-01474-00359231-00359503 pointless like i was i was watching
+B30j_FPIlnY-01475-00359504-00359727 her names like amaranth on twitch she's
+B30j_FPIlnY-01476-00359728-00359951 the mic sucking yes you heard that
+B30j_FPIlnY-01477-00359952-00360230 correctly she like sucks and licks the
+B30j_FPIlnY-01478-00360231-00360558 hell out of her mic
+B30j_FPIlnY-01479-00360559-00360878 and i mean she
+B30j_FPIlnY-01480-00360879-00361127 i mean she goes to town on it and it it
+B30j_FPIlnY-01481-00361128-00361519 is arousing is definitely arousing
+B30j_FPIlnY-01482-00361520-00361863 and she had like 14 000 people watching
+B30j_FPIlnY-01483-00361864-00362063 and it says on her profile she's the
+B30j_FPIlnY-01484-00362064-00362430 number one in the world on only fans
+B30j_FPIlnY-01485-00362431-00362719 and she's got big support on patreon you
+B30j_FPIlnY-01486-00362720-00362951 know she's on tick tock
+B30j_FPIlnY-01487-00362952-00363278 and i'm thinking
+B30j_FPIlnY-01488-00363279-00363487 you know is this what she wants to do
+B30j_FPIlnY-01489-00363488-00363806 like is i mean it must be
+B30j_FPIlnY-01490-00363807-00364078 i mean is is she happy like licking and
+B30j_FPIlnY-01491-00364079-00364263 sucking this i mean she licked and
+B30j_FPIlnY-01492-00364264-00364799 sucked that mic for an hour i mean
+B30j_FPIlnY-01493-00364800-00364967 i mean she had the mic like this and
+B30j_FPIlnY-01494-00364968-00365119 just like
+B30j_FPIlnY-01495-00365120-00365382 i mean it was
+B30j_FPIlnY-01496-00365383-00365575 i could feel i could feel the energy in
+B30j_FPIlnY-01497-00365576-00365799 my root chakra
+B30j_FPIlnY-01498-00365800-00365951 aka
+B30j_FPIlnY-01499-00365952-00366078 near the dick
+B30j_FPIlnY-01500-00366079-00366263 i could feel that getting going i'm like
+B30j_FPIlnY-01501-00366264-00366639 god this is surprisingly stimulating
+B30j_FPIlnY-01502-00366640-00366823 like i don't usually hear these sounds
+B30j_FPIlnY-01503-00366824-00367151 unless i'm in the bedroom with my wife
+B30j_FPIlnY-01504-00367152-00367439 and not even that often like
+B30j_FPIlnY-01505-00367440-00367678 you know that maybe a few times a month
+B30j_FPIlnY-01506-00367679-00367847 because most of the time we just have
+B30j_FPIlnY-01507-00367848-00367958 sex so
+B30j_FPIlnY-01508-00367959-00368127 what i'm thinking like is
+B30j_FPIlnY-01509-00368128-00368271 and what
+B30j_FPIlnY-01510-00368272-00368639 you know it's what are you working for
+B30j_FPIlnY-01511-00368640-00368903 like what are you working for
+B30j_FPIlnY-01512-00368904-00369182 you know my hope is to to help
+B30j_FPIlnY-01513-00369183-00369399 to help you feel good to learn something
+B30j_FPIlnY-01514-00369400-00369654 to laugh that's my hope
+B30j_FPIlnY-01515-00369655-00369895 my my hope is to
+B30j_FPIlnY-01516-00369896-00370095 you know uplift our world help more of
+B30j_FPIlnY-01517-00370096-00370391 us be united and connected
+B30j_FPIlnY-01518-00370392-00370630 and so i'd much rather reach a bigger
+B30j_FPIlnY-01519-00370631-00370782 audience
+B30j_FPIlnY-01520-00370783-00370871 than
+B30j_FPIlnY-01521-00370872-00371199 just make lots of money
+B30j_FPIlnY-01522-00371200-00371343 i was thinking about her i'm like is
+B30j_FPIlnY-01523-00371344-00371527 this what she wants to do is suck on
+B30j_FPIlnY-01524-00371528-00371710 microphones and liquid
+B30j_FPIlnY-01525-00371711-00371887 lick microphones
+B30j_FPIlnY-01526-00371888-00372110 i mean she's extremely successful she's
+B30j_FPIlnY-01527-00372111-00372343 one of the top streamers what am i doing
+B30j_FPIlnY-01528-00372344-00372487 right here
+B30j_FPIlnY-01529-00372488-00372654 i need like one more barrel to go up
+B30j_FPIlnY-01530-00372655-00372910 here jamie demon on deck gaming is in
+B30j_FPIlnY-01531-00372911-00373030 the house
+B30j_FPIlnY-01532-00373031-00373271 shannon says sex sells it does but at
+B30j_FPIlnY-01533-00373272-00373454 what point do you get tired of selling
+B30j_FPIlnY-01534-00373455-00373623 sex
+B30j_FPIlnY-01535-00373624-00373854 like at what point is it enough i mean
+B30j_FPIlnY-01536-00373855-00374039 maybe she really gets off to and like
+B30j_FPIlnY-01537-00374040-00374199 half of the things people were saying in
+B30j_FPIlnY-01538-00374200-00374375 her chat were getting instantly deleted
+B30j_FPIlnY-01539-00374376-00374591 which is
+B30j_FPIlnY-01540-00374592-00375358 what do i need to go up here
+B30j_FPIlnY-01541-00375359-00375591 it won't let me up this elevator
+B30j_FPIlnY-01542-00375592-00375806 hey jasmine what's up jasmine nice to
+B30j_FPIlnY-01543-00375807-00376054 see you today
+B30j_FPIlnY-01544-00376055-00376319 glad you're here
+B30j_FPIlnY-01545-00376320-00376502 ah you did change your profile picture
+B30j_FPIlnY-01546-00376503-00376695 too i was wondering about that
+B30j_FPIlnY-01547-00376696-00377110 good music in this oh you can go up here
+B30j_FPIlnY-01548-00377111-00377743 what else don't i know about
+B30j_FPIlnY-01549-00377744-00378239 nice
+B30j_FPIlnY-01550-00378240-00378430 i will wrap this game up soon so i can
+B30j_FPIlnY-01551-00378431-00378591 go to bed with
+B30j_FPIlnY-01552-00378592-00378767 tuck laura in and that's not like
+B30j_FPIlnY-01553-00378768-00379015 hinting at anything what's up ty james
+B30j_FPIlnY-01554-00379016-00379271 nice to see you today oh my god we had a
+B30j_FPIlnY-01555-00379272-00379471 we had some big energy at the beginning
+B30j_FPIlnY-01556-00379472-00379702 of the stream this was nuts i gotta like
+B30j_FPIlnY-01557-00379703-00379854 wind down now
+B30j_FPIlnY-01558-00379855-00380006 billy says you're changing lives to me
+B30j_FPIlnY-01559-00380007-00380167 that's better than any amount of money
+B30j_FPIlnY-01560-00380168-00380302 exactly
+B30j_FPIlnY-01561-00380303-00380510 exactly to me changing lives is way
+B30j_FPIlnY-01562-00380511-00380702 better nathaniel says can we stream a
+B30j_FPIlnY-01563-00380703-00380919 madden game want to scream [__] every
+B30j_FPIlnY-01564-00380920-00381158 time you wreck my ass
+B30j_FPIlnY-01565-00381159-00381327 i just pictured i just pictured
+B30j_FPIlnY-01566-00381328-00381582 nathaniel's fiance like what is going on
+B30j_FPIlnY-01567-00381583-00381758 with you and this dude you sent him a
+B30j_FPIlnY-01568-00381759-00381951 69.69
+B30j_FPIlnY-01569-00381952-00382167 tip and you want him to scream him to
+B30j_FPIlnY-01570-00382168-00382502 scream [__] while he wrecks your ass
+B30j_FPIlnY-01571-00382503-00382719 like chill it's just we're just having
+B30j_FPIlnY-01572-00382720-00383143 fun online
+B30j_FPIlnY-01573-00383144-00383415 how you doing jasmine i'm hey jasmine
+B30j_FPIlnY-01574-00383416-00383606 jasmine was one of the main inspirations
+B30j_FPIlnY-01575-00383607-00383839 for me to to change the chat
+B30j_FPIlnY-01576-00383840-00384087 so that people could talk after the
+B30j_FPIlnY-01577-00384088-00384206 after
+B30j_FPIlnY-01578-00384207-00384399 i'm like i gotta make some quality time
+B30j_FPIlnY-01579-00384400-00384591 for just the supporters
+B30j_FPIlnY-01580-00384592-00384815 but i also need
+B30j_FPIlnY-01581-00384816-00385006 need people that are willing to watch to
+B30j_FPIlnY-01582-00385007-00385143 the end of the stream to be able to talk
+B30j_FPIlnY-01583-00385144-00385351 to so jasmine was one of the main
+B30j_FPIlnY-01584-00385352-00385551 inspirations in her comments along with
+B30j_FPIlnY-01585-00385552-00385710 a few others
+B30j_FPIlnY-01586-00385711-00385999 that i stopped doing the whole stream
+B30j_FPIlnY-01587-00386000-00386239 supporter only in just the first hour of
+B30j_FPIlnY-01588-00386240-00386534 it now so jasmine could talk and so
+B30j_FPIlnY-01589-00386535-00386687 anyone else that's
+B30j_FPIlnY-01590-00386688-00386934 anyone could talk after the first hour
+B30j_FPIlnY-01591-00386935-00387102 pop your [__] up yeah i remember
+B30j_FPIlnY-01592-00387103-00387358 when you first heard you say that
+B30j_FPIlnY-01593-00387359-00387751 lisa says 40 after sex is just work
+B30j_FPIlnY-01594-00387752-00388047 mike said you just made my night nice ty
+B30j_FPIlnY-01595-00388048-00388227 james been following
+B30j_FPIlnY-01596-00388228-00388582 628 days nice
+B30j_FPIlnY-01597-00388583-00389023 jerry says you know that broadwell i do
+B30j_FPIlnY-01598-00389024-00389295 i do
+B30j_FPIlnY-01599-00389296-00389447 all right i think we're we're kind of
+B30j_FPIlnY-01600-00389448-00389687 winding down here jeremy says guess
+B30j_FPIlnY-01601-00389688-00390206 who's getting a blowing
+B30j_FPIlnY-01602-00390207-00390367 i'm kind of stuck on this level i don't
+B30j_FPIlnY-01603-00390368-00390551 know what to do right here jeremy said
+B30j_FPIlnY-01604-00390552-00390734 guess who's getting a blowy in a minute
+B30j_FPIlnY-01605-00390735-00390999 i'm very happy for you
+B30j_FPIlnY-01606-00391000-00391206 i'm very happy for you i think those of
+B30j_FPIlnY-01607-00391207-00391551 us that are sexually satisfied celebrate
+B30j_FPIlnY-01608-00391552-00391823 other people's sexual satisfaction
+B30j_FPIlnY-01609-00391824-00392151 and those that are not condemn
+B30j_FPIlnY-01610-00392152-00392343 is there another door i can go in every
+B30j_FPIlnY-01611-00392344-00392519 time i stop by it's usually supportive
+B30j_FPIlnY-01612-00392520-00392727 so i just learnt for a minute hey i
+B30j_FPIlnY-01613-00392728-00392982 appreciate that ty and ty you can always
+B30j_FPIlnY-01614-00392983-00393134 check the time on it you know if it's
+B30j_FPIlnY-01615-00393135-00393351 after an hour you know you can chat i'm
+B30j_FPIlnY-01616-00393352-00393615 sure you know that by now it says if you
+B30j_FPIlnY-01617-00393616-00393902 can change or save one life that's great
+B30j_FPIlnY-01618-00393903-00394102 amen
+B30j_FPIlnY-01619-00394103-00394351 amen
+B30j_FPIlnY-01620-00394352-00394599 i look at it as good as my life is today
+B30j_FPIlnY-01621-00394600-00394791 i have a duty to give back for the rest
+B30j_FPIlnY-01622-00394792-00394943 of my life
+B30j_FPIlnY-01623-00394944-00395143 if i give back for the rest of my life
+B30j_FPIlnY-01624-00395144-00395423 then i'll probably be even
+B30j_FPIlnY-01625-00395424-00395623 any idea what i do from here i don't
+B30j_FPIlnY-01626-00395624-00395919 know what i do from here
+B30j_FPIlnY-01627-00395920-00396158 i don't know what exactly i do from here
+B30j_FPIlnY-01628-00396159-00396358 evan what's up ma evan nice to see you
+B30j_FPIlnY-01629-00396359-00396439 today
+B30j_FPIlnY-01630-00396440-00396639 i think we broke my record for saying
+B30j_FPIlnY-01631-00396640-00396902 [__] in one stream today don't you think
+B30j_FPIlnY-01632-00396903-00397054 i think we
+B30j_FPIlnY-01633-00397055-00397447 we really had a special stream today
+B30j_FPIlnY-01634-00397448-00397975 this game got me going real good
+B30j_FPIlnY-01635-00397976-00398143 all right i don't know what exactly to
+B30j_FPIlnY-01636-00398144-00398334 do i think we might call it quits on
+B30j_FPIlnY-01637-00398335-00398543 this level here
+B30j_FPIlnY-01638-00398544-00398775 i'm i need one more barrel to go up that
+B30j_FPIlnY-01639-00398776-00399151 elevator but i can't find another barrel
+B30j_FPIlnY-01640-00399152-00399775 wake me up inside and say you love me
+B30j_FPIlnY-01641-00399776-00400302 can i jump up here
+B30j_FPIlnY-01642-00400303-00400652 oh i'm terminated
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00000-00000016-00000223 yo guys what's going on instagram here
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00001-00000224-00000438 welcome back to a brand new video in
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00002-00000440-00000591 today's video we're reacting to
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00003-00000592-00000831 alibacter i haven't done alabata in a
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00004-00000832-00001039 while now and i miss doing him his songs
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00005-00001040-00001207 are amazing his covers are absolutely
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00006-00001208-00001544 awesome
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00007-00001545-00001780 [Music]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00008-00001782-00001843 [Applause]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00009-00001844-00001973 [Music]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00010-00001975-00001998 [Applause]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00011-00001998-00002230 [Music]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00012-00002231-00002343 [Applause]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00013-00002344-00003806 [Music]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00014-00003807-00003838 [Applause]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00015-00003839-00004295 [Music]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00016-00004296-00005203 foreign
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00017-00005204-00006963 [Music]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00018-00006964-00007617 [Music]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00019-00007618-00009814 [Applause]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00020-00009815-00010431 oh
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00021-00010432-00011028 [Music]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00022-00011029-00011287 [Applause]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00023-00011288-00011930 [Music]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00024-00011931-00011942 [Applause]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00025-00011943-00012683 [Music]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00026-00012684-00013285 and then
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00027-00013286-00014443 [Music]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00028-00014444-00015035 [Music]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00029-00015036-00015575 [Music]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00030-00015576-00015737 you
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00031-00015738-00015934 [Applause]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00032-00015935-00017801 [Music]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00033-00017802-00018447 [Music]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00034-00018448-00018622 um
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00035-00018623-00019168 [Music]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00036-00019169-00022044 [Music]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00037-00022045-00023063 [Music]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00038-00023064-00023658 please
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00039-00023659-00024327 [Music]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00040-00024328-00024397 [Applause]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00041-00024398-00025504 [Music]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00042-00025505-00026407 [Music]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00043-00026408-00027058 oh
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00044-00027060-00028183 [Music]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00045-00028183-00028349 [Applause]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00046-00028350-00029143 [Music]
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00047-00029144-00029270 once again
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00048-00029272-00029479 once again what an amazing performance
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00049-00029480-00029799 by an amazing man and i i'm sorry but it
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00050-00029800-00029951 was his birthday the other day so happy
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00051-00029952-00030231 birthday alabata you are one very very
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00052-00030232-00030455 very talented guy what you play on
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00053-00030456-00030631 guitar is absolutely amazing how you
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00054-00030632-00030831 play every single note that you play is
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00055-00030832-00031118 absolutely amazing i take my hat off i
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00056-00031119-00031399 take my friggin hats off to you guys
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00057-00031400-00031614 he's amazing he is absolutely out of
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00058-00031616-00031790 this world out in this world guys if you
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00059-00031791-00031967 do want to support him go over to his
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00060-00031968-00032174 channel links will be in the description
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00061-00032175-00032367 but if you are from his channel if you
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00062-00032368-00032558 are already support droppers and you
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00063-00032560-00032687 want to support me then that's all i
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00064-00032688-00032855 have to do is hit that subscribe button
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00065-00032856-00033039 you guys can as well if you want to join
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00066-00033040-00033199 my patreon but there's no pressure you
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00067-00033200-00033351 guys can just be here on my channel
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00068-00033352-00033551 supporting me every single day like you
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00069-00033552-00033783 already do because you guys are
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00070-00033784-00034046 absolutely amazing you guys just oh my
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00071-00034047-00034183 god
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00072-00034184-00034287 and
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00073-00034288-00034518 keep doing keep going keep going dude i
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00074-00034519-00034631 definitely are never going to see this
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00075-00034632-00034783 video because like there's so many
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00076-00034784-00034943 reactions of you but if you do come
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00077-00034944-00035151 across this video and you do see it then
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00078-00035152-00035383 i shake your hand you're amazing your
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00079-00035384-00035583 guitar playing your skills your talent
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00080-00035584-00035759 is amazing keep it up
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00081-00035760-00035935 guys i'll see you in the next video it's
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00082-00035936-00036118 been your girl i hope you all have a
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00083-00036119-00036318 brilliant day i love every single one of
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00084-00036319-00036518 you it's been a girl i'm out of here
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00085-00036519-00036750 peace bye guys
+B3c9nIBZlzo-00086-00036751-00037811 [Music]
+B58vzRNgdKA-00000-00000007-00000349 [Applause]
+B58vzRNgdKA-00001-00000350-00000572 singular spooky
+B58vzRNgdKA-00002-00000573-00000916 [Applause]
+B58vzRNgdKA-00003-00000917-00001668 TV shops
+B58vzRNgdKA-00004-00001669-00001855 Valentine's Day
+B58vzRNgdKA-00005-00001855-00002675 special contesto
+B58vzRNgdKA-00006-00002676-00002968 another first participant I do single
+B58vzRNgdKA-00007-00002969-00003071 person
+B58vzRNgdKA-00008-00003072-00004739 okay
+B58vzRNgdKA-00009-00004740-00005225 [Music]
+B58vzRNgdKA-00010-00005226-00006217 um
+B58vzRNgdKA-00011-00006218-00006436 Valentine's Day
+B58vzRNgdKA-00012-00006437-00007606 um
+B58vzRNgdKA-00014-00013931-00015029 weird
+B58vzRNgdKA-00015-00015030-00015649 foreign
+B58vzRNgdKA-00016-00015650-00017469 [Music]
+B58vzRNgdKA-00017-00017470-00018619 [Music]
+B58vzRNgdKA-00018-00018620-00019171 this is so sad
+B58vzRNgdKA-00019-00019172-00019489 anyways
+B58vzRNgdKA-00020-00019490-00020730 in a relationship
+B58vzRNgdKA-00021-00020731-00020912 loves Chinese
+B58vzRNgdKA-00022-00020913-00021533 [Music]
+B58vzRNgdKA-00023-00021534-00021922 thank you
+B58vzRNgdKA-00024-00021923-00022121 baby
+B58vzRNgdKA-00025-00022122-00022291 you
+B58vzRNgdKA-00026-00022292-00022667 how our nasty generation I mean next
+B58vzRNgdKA-00027-00022668-00023243 generation
+B58vzRNgdKA-00028-00023244-00023611 is
+B58vzRNgdKA-00029-00023612-00023849 oh okay
+B58vzRNgdKA-00030-00023850-00025127 uh
+B58vzRNgdKA-00031-00025128-00025247 oh
+B58vzRNgdKA-00032-00025248-00026625 sorry boys
+B58vzRNgdKA-00033-00026626-00026890 [Music]
+B58vzRNgdKA-00034-00026891-00027064 okay
+B58vzRNgdKA-00035-00027066-00027377 another last participant amplitude
+B58vzRNgdKA-00036-00027377-00027895 married person after Valentine's Day
+B58vzRNgdKA-00037-00027895-00028668 planes
+B58vzRNgdKA-00038-00028669-00030457 mathematics foreign
+B58vzRNgdKA-00039-00030458-00030911 that was so
+B58vzRNgdKA-00040-00030912-00031314 beautiful
+B58vzRNgdKA-00041-00031316-00032918 [Applause]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00000-00000325-00001648 [Music]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00001-00001650-00002684 [Music]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00002-00002685-00002883 [Music]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00003-00002884-00003429 baby
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00004-00003431-00004283 [Music]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00005-00004284-00004977 and
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00006-00004978-00005683 [Music]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00007-00005684-00005813 hmm
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00008-00005814-00007083 [Music]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00009-00007084-00008311 baby
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00010-00008312-00009820 [Music]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00011-00009821-00010820 [Laughter]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00012-00010821-00011283 [Music]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00013-00011284-00011704 um
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00014-00011705-00013886 [Music]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00016-00022484-00022632 so
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00017-00022633-00025283 [Music]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00018-00025284-00025461 so
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00019-00025462-00026125 [Music]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00020-00026126-00028083 [Music]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00021-00028083-00028651 do
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00022-00028652-00030702 [Music]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00023-00030702-00032283 [Music]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00024-00032283-00032476 me
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00025-00032477-00033683 [Music]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00026-00033684-00033849 run
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00027-00033850-00034652 [Music]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00028-00034653-00035083 [Music]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00029-00035084-00035651 so
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00030-00035652-00036483 [Music]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00031-00036484-00037611 so
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00032-00037612-00039383 [Music]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00033-00039384-00040024 you
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00034-00040025-00040094 [Music]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00035-00040095-00040227 [Applause]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00037-00044250-00044464 [Laughter]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00039-00047684-00048617 cheers
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00041-00052069-00052310 [Applause]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00042-00052311-00054694 [Music]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00043-00054695-00054878 thank you
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00045-00058883-00059133 so
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00046-00059134-00060864 [Music]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00047-00060865-00061540 [Music]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00048-00061541-00062371 [Music]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00049-00062372-00063037 [Music]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00050-00063038-00063284 [Applause]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00051-00063285-00064550 [Music]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00052-00064551-00064879 oh
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00053-00064880-00066028 [Music]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00055-00069358-00071023 [Music]
+B5AAWqw_Y30-00056-00071024-00071232 you
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00000-00000262-00000487 today I want to demonstrate how to make
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00001-00000488-00000832 a simple box construction and these are
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00002-00000833-00001173 really handy to put those cards in that
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00003-00001174-00001560 don't fit in to normal envelopes if
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00004-00001561-00001770 you've got a little bit too much
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00005-00001771-00002034 embellishing on them they fit nicely
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00006-00002035-00002299 into these cards rather than an envelope
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00007-00002300-00002815 so we'll get started straight off and we
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00008-00002816-00003093 are going you need a 12 by 12 sheet of
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00009-00003094-00003364 card stock and we're going to measure it
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00010-00003365-00004243 at 3/4 of an inch on either end and rule
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00011-00004244-00004989 across
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00012-00004990-00005220 then we go three quarters of an inch
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00013-00005221-00006350 from the line we've just drooled
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00014-00006351-00006858 and rolled across then we go six inches
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00015-00006859-00008635 down from that line
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00016-00008636-00009209 Krauss then we're back to three quarters
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00017-00009210-00010649 of an inch
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00018-00010650-00011239 and another three quarters of an inch
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00019-00011240-00012212 and then we turn the card 90 degrees and
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00020-00012213-00012554 we start from the other side to this
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00021-00012555-00012926 side we go in two and a half inches
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00022-00012927-00014678 across
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00023-00014679-00016216 three quarters of an inch
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00024-00016218-00016623 we go 5 inches from that line that we've
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00026-00019706-00020030 and a two and a half inch measurement
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00027-00020031-00020606 from where we've just been and that is
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00028-00020607-00020909 it with the measuring so once we've done
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00029-00020910-00021949 this last line we do a bit of trimming
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00030-00021950-00022334 this little bit at the end is an off cut
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00031-00022335-00022577 we don't want that on there so that
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00032-00022578-00023099 comes off and this one here also comes
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00033-00023100-00024044 off the other end so now you've got
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00034-00024045-00024302 something that looks like that I'm going
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00035-00024303-00024716 to remove the blade from my cutter and
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00036-00024717-00024962 we're going to score all those lines
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00037-00024963-00025643 that we've just drawn so we just score
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00038-00025644-00026706 them through
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00039-00026707-00027277 that just all gets scored I don't have a
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00040-00027277-00027517 scoop house I do just use my cutter but
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00041-00027518-00027781 I always remove the blade just in case I
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00042-00027782-00027970 accidentally slice when I should be
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00043-00027970-00029992 scoring
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00044-00029993-00030818 okay now we are up to taking off this we
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00045-00030819-00031562 don't want we don't want these so let's
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00047-00034659-00034877 so now you've got something looks like
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00048-00034878-00035339 this we also don't want this little
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00049-00035340-00037401 corner here we don't want that one goes
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00050-00037402-00037758 and that's all scrap
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00051-00037759-00038110 now we cut out tabs and just to make it
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00052-00038111-00038468 fit neatly I always cut just a little
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00053-00038469-00039405 bit more off them so they come off
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00054-00039406-00040077 just like that just a little sliver out
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00055-00040078-00041300 of them
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00056-00041301-00041640 once all that that saw the cutting done
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00057-00041641-00042048 we will fold all along our score lines
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00058-00042049-00042738 now so we just fold everything can use
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00059-00042739-00045392 you scorer let's get a nice crisp fold
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00060-00045393-00045618 and now it's just a matter of
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00061-00045619-00045904 constructing it so I'll put a little bit
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00062-00045905-00047105 of tape here and across here
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00063-00047106-00047673 and then you tuck that tab and this tab
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00064-00047674-00048614 in just like that and then just give it
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00065-00048615-00049214 a nice little press like that and this
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00066-00049215-00051146 one
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00067-00051147-00051435 now the card that fits in this box that
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00068-00051436-00051638 I've given you the measurements for is
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00069-00051639-00051944 six inches deep but it's only five
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00070-00051945-00052334 inches wide and the reason for that is I
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00071-00052335-00052635 fiddle and fiddle and there is just no
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00072-00052636-00053042 way out of a 12 by 12 sheet of cardstock
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00073-00053044-00053756 you can get a six inch across card to
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00074-00053757-00054000 fit in the box to fit a six inch across
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00075-00054001-00054194 card so that's why I've dropped the
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00076-00054195-00054467 measurements to five now I have thought
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00077-00054469-00054753 about it quite a bit and the only way
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00078-00054754-00055029 that you can do it is by making your
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00079-00055029-00055440 doors two inches and then you will get
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00080-00055441-00055688 your base six inches but they're not
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00081-00055689-00055878 going to meet but you could probably put
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00082-00055879-00056253 a bit of a a border or lace or something
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00083-00056254-00056516 down the side there to extend it so that
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00084-00056517-00056863 you can still close them and they seal
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00085-00056864-00057212 once you've got the hang of doing these
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00086-00057213-00057441 and and they come together really easily
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00087-00057441-00057851 and it's a basic a basic measuring
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00088-00057852-00058161 design you can then start playing around
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00089-00058162-00058449 with changing the sizes to fit your
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00090-00058450-00058674 cards so this is one that I did just for
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00091-00058675-00059318 a normal a5 size cards but that has just
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00092-00059319-00059519 a bit too much Tinicum fit in an
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00093-00059520-00059882 envelope so I just made the base to fit
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00094-00059883-00060137 the card and then adjusted the doors
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00095-00060138-00060621 accordingly the sides always stay at
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00096-00060622-00060866 three quarters of an inch always and
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00097-00060867-00061200 then I did this longer one as well
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00098-00061201-00061461 because you do have that extra at the
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00099-00061462-00061746 end to go longer
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00100-00061747-00062155 so that that was for that one there so
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00101-00062157-00062433 you can fiddle around once you get the
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00102-00062434-00062622 boat the hang of it and they are so
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00103-00062623-00062940 quick and easy to put together you can
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00104-00062941-00063072 start playing around with different
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00105-00063073-00063404 shapes and different sizes to fit your
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00106-00063405-00063645 cards but just remember if you're doing
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00107-00063646-00063912 a six-inch one you're gonna have short
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00108-00063913-00064227 doors but as I said you'll think of ways
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00109-00064228-00064454 to get over there okay thank you for
+B7RNYTnIEqc-00110-00064455-00064677 watching
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00000-00000024-00000247 hello there youtube folks we are back at
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00001-00000248-00000327 it
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00002-00000328-00000719 my right ear isn't uh doing good
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00003-00000720-00001103 i can tell you that much
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00004-00001104-00001254 i don't know what the have i done
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00005-00001255-00001710 but i can't hear am i right here
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00006-00001711-00001942 i just woke up like this so i don't hope
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00007-00001943-00002591 it's anything too bad
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00008-00002592-00002783 but anyway
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00009-00002784-00004943 let's continue
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00010-00004944-00005108 so
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00011-00005109-00006483 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00012-00006484-00007039 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00013-00007040-00007119 uh
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00014-00007120-00007598 i'm so
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00015-00007600-00008623 i can just get the chocolate
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00016-00008624-00009139 before starting the boss fight
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00017-00009140-00009383 collette okay
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00018-00009384-00009663 i missed
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00019-00009664-00009883 sake
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00020-00009884-00010311 okay now we can start it
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00021-00010312-00011670 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00022-00011671-00011887 a little girl
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00023-00011888-00012070 it's dangerous around me a little girl i
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00024-00012071-00012303 don't think you want to be here
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00025-00012304-00012383 how
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00026-00012384-00012670 have you come to rescue me
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00027-00012671-00013013 what
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00028-00013015-00014543 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00029-00014544-00014703 i think
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00030-00014704-00015079 a teddy falcon u47
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00031-00015080-00015311 intercontinental
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00032-00015312-00015838 ballistic
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00033-00015840-00017071 that one
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00034-00017072-00017319 don't don't you worry little girl i'll
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00035-00017320-00017479 left you
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00036-00017480-00017671 cookie cookie yeah
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00037-00017672-00018079 it's about to have some cash
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00038-00018080-00018822 oh for sake
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00039-00018823-00019186 where is it
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00040-00019187-00020069 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00041-00020070-00020614 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00042-00020615-00021606 for sake
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00043-00021607-00022439 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00044-00022440-00022942 oh look at that my cat
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00045-00022943-00023078 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00046-00023079-00023688 for sake
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00047-00023689-00023814 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00048-00023815-00024175 where the is it
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00049-00024176-00024607 oh it's at this one huh
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00050-00024608-00025255 sake
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00051-00025256-00025439 conquer can you please get up the
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00052-00025440-00025767 ladder
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00053-00025768-00026106 holy mother of a conquer
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00054-00026107-00026439 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00055-00026439-00026631 this the easiest part of the boss fight
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00056-00026632-00026974 and i'm doing bad
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00057-00026975-00027383 missiles for sake
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00058-00027383-00027639 yeah yeah yeah
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00059-00027639-00027817 fire is
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00060-00027818-00028351 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00061-00028352-00028608 my mother of god
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00062-00028608-00029287 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00063-00029288-00029527 conquer can you please just look
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00064-00029527-00029745 down
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00065-00029745-00030439 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00066-00030439-00030868 i'm going to wreck my keyboard
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00067-00030869-00031711 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00068-00031712-00031902 just firing miss i should be able to get
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00069-00031903-00032151 over there and get to this b
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00070-00032152-00032683 button and fire edit
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00071-00032683-00033662 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00072-00033663-00034007 oh my god stop firing me siles a
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00073-00034008-00034163 piece of
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00074-00034164-00034599 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00075-00034600-00034846 okay where is it no where the is it
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00076-00034847-00034974 come here
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00077-00034975-00035305 i missed
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00078-00035306-00035868 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00079-00035869-00036271 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00080-00036272-00036943 no you are kidding me
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00081-00036944-00037246 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00082-00037247-00037495 where is it i don't have time what the
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00083-00037640-00037807 the game doesn't give you time to do
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00084-00037808-00038264 anything
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00085-00038265-00039246 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00086-00039247-00040343 oh my pet
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00087-00040344-00040446 my
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00088-00040447-00040982 god
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00089-00040983-00041223 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00090-00041224-00041415 oh my the other miss out
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00091-00041416-00041630 disneyland the other missile did not
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00092-00041631-00042246 land
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00093-00042247-00042472 hallelujah
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00094-00042473-00043199 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00095-00043200-00043455 i'm going to break my keyboard
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00096-00043673-00043807 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00097-00043808-00044015 why did i want to play this game i knew
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00098-00044016-00044183 it was hard
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00099-00044184-00044343 i mean it isn't that just the controls
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00100-00044344-00045015 are pure
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00101-00045016-00045290 i hear the sound of another
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00102-00045291-00045511 intercontinental blah blah blah blah oh
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00103-00045512-00045807 look it's over there
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00104-00045808-00046511 let's go deal with it
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00105-00046512-00046761 oh my god
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00106-00046762-00047311 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00107-00047312-00047711 oh i hate this
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00108-00047712-00047848 oh my god
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00109-00047849-00048279 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00110-00048280-00048574 why does why why does the c have physics
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00111-00048575-00048855 it shouldn't it bounces the
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00112-00048856-00049086 missile thing up and down up and down
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00113-00049087-00049567 stop going up and down a piece of
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00114-00049568-00049846 oh my god
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00115-00049847-00050302 oh my mother of actual
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00116-00050303-00050583 the sea has the physics i press to be
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00117-00050584-00050813 why didn't pick it up
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00118-00050814-00051254 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00119-00051255-00051542 holy mother of
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00120-00051544-00051735 i can't believe it i can't
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00121-00051736-00051966 believe it
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00122-00051967-00052254 oh my god conquered can you not
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00123-00052255-00052679 be such a piece of crap
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00124-00052679-00052999 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00125-00053000-00053142 now i'm down
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00126-00053144-00053441 down to the right yes
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00127-00053441-00053694 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00128-00053695-00053966 no that did not miss that did not
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00129-00053967-00054326 miss
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00130-00054327-00054550 that didn't miss that did not be that
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00131-00054551-00055120 hit him that hit him
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00132-00055121-00055463 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00133-00055464-00055735 man oh man am i mad
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00134-00055736-00056119 oh
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00135-00056120-00056511 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00136-00056512-00056671 yes conquer just take a miss out to the
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00137-00056672-00057030 face now please be
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00138-00057032-00057422 before a rage quit okay
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00139-00057423-00057566 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00140-00057567-00057647 why
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00141-00057648-00057982 does it float up and down why why does
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00142-00057983-00058303 the water have need to have physics
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00143-00058304-00058535 okay oh my what no you
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00144-00058536-00059103 conker
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00145-00059104-00059807 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00146-00059808-00060023 right on target if he didn't
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00147-00060024-00060350 move but he decided what oh i'll
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00148-00060351-00060615 move yes yes yes yes now you
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00149-00060616-00061303 move
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00150-00061304-00061463 how can you double press you cannot
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00151-00061464-00061638 double press order to equip it but you
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00152-00061639-00061791 can double press the other two
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00153-00061791-00061978 equip and equip it
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00154-00061979-00063175 [Music]
+B7UbzO9_4ru-00155-00063176-00063479 i give up
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00000-00000041-00000356 okay I think I'm going to just run ahead
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00001-00000357-00001050 we're running your hand way off schedule
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00002-00001051-00001446 oops where am I
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00003-00001447-00003402 [Music]
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00004-00003403-00004603 [Applause]
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00005-00004604-00004961 here's a subjective deprecating legacy
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00006-00004962-00005555 crap and introducing you sir I just
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00007-00005556-00005732 wanted to mention what we've been doing
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00008-00005733-00005984 in terms of deprecating things recently
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00009-00005985-00006266 and and how we're hoping hopefully going
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00010-00006267-00006668 forward to remove things that we don't
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00011-00006669-00006934 want to add in curl anymore so of course
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00012-00006936-00007154 why we need to remove things we have a
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00013-00007155-00007340 lot of old and bad things that we
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00014-00007341-00007628 possibly don't want to keep in the
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00015-00007629-00007727 codebase anymore
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00016-00007728-00007889 some of it is unused some of it is
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00017-00007890-00008366 basically untested and basically not in
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00018-00008367-00008606 line with current thinking like we've we
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00019-00008607-00008821 remove features that really aren't
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00020-00008822-00009077 working really well and isn't used much
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00021-00009078-00009383 and and also we don't we want to stop
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00022-00009384-00009551 encourage people to use third-party
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00023-00009552-00009866 libraries that we don't feel or up to
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00024-00009867-00010157 the test related to help users and of
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00025-00010158-00010364 course we keep complexity down we add
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00026-00010365-00010574 code all the time where we better remove
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00027-00010575-00010862 some code at times as well yeah yeah it
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00028-00010863-00011077 makes the code smaller in there too so
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00029-00011078-00011410 how do we do how do we remove things
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00030-00011411-00011618 than to main we need to maintain things
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00031-00011619-00012044 right the API anyway so we we discussed
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00032-00012045-00012188 this on a mailing list so the rules are
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00033-00012189-00012695 in basically in this file or this is in
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00034-00012696-00012866 this file we document what we are
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00035-00012866-00013096 duplicating so we're basically removing
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00036-00013097-00013229 things that we can know without
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00037-00013230-00013712 destroying the API or the API which of
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00038-00013713-00014116 course is a challenge since then we
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00039-00014118-00014354 cannot we can remove options we can just
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00040-00014355-00014438 make them
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00041-00014438-00014684 working more and we can remove functions
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00042-00014685-00015065 since it would destroy the API so we
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00043-00015066-00015301 start out by disabling things by default
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00044-00015302-00015533 without any warning and we documented
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00045-00015534-00015737 and we tell everyone in the change dog
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00046-00015738-00015902 that we're removing things it doesn't
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00047-00015903-00016046 work anymore but we don't actually
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00048-00016047-00016337 remove the code like we have disabled by
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00049-00016338-00016622 planning we have disabled the global DNS
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00050-00016623-00016847 cache there since while back isn't to
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00051-00016848-00017057 say but you can't use it you can ask for
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00052-00017058-00017246 it nothing will happen the code is still
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00053-00017247-00017869 there and then after right actually
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00054-00017870-00018104 right we disabled by default and then
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00055-00018105-00018551 then after while and we disabled it we
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00056-00018552-00018761 can do it first just switch the default
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00057-00018762-00019013 value to off and then we disable it in
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00058-00019014-00019196 the code just to say you can't even
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00059-00019197-00019385 enable it even if you do it but force
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00060-00019386-00019766 and then roughly six months for later
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00061-00019767-00020018 after that we remove the code completely
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00062-00020019-00020237 like we are about to remove pipelining
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00063-00020238-00020600 yeah I haven't been merged very close to
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00064-00020601-00020933 actually well I have a PR ready the
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00065-00020934-00021056 merge will happen soon
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00066-00021057-00021287 removing pipelining will happen we will
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00067-00021288-00021622 remove the DNS global cache similarly
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00068-00021623-00021836 and it's easy from because both of them
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00069-00021837-00022097 are basically options that week usage
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00070-00022098-00022307 can enable and ask for it but it doesn't
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00071-00022308-00022592 really matter to them if we don't I mean
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00072-00022593-00022775 do the right thing they won't ask for it
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00073-00022776-00023264 it's easy to just not do it and we of
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00074-00023265-00023438 course already removed all support for
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00075-00023439-00023912 the ax TLS tell us that and a while ago
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00076-00023913-00024209 because it's just not good enough
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00077-00024210-00024375 basically a ban on project
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00078-00024376-00024564 it doesn't support motive stuff doesn't
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00079-00024565-00024878 even support SMI in TLS and it has
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00080-00024879-00025247 it's way behind another TLS things not a
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00081-00025248-00025403 good project that I think we shouldn't
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00082-00025404-00025733 push users into NXT last there are lots
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00083-00025733-00026089 of other Janus alternatives to use that
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00084-00026091-00026414 are much better so we ripped it out and
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00085-00026414-00026671 we are going to remove them a chippy
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00086-00026672-00026971 pipelining which when I asked users in
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00087-00026972-00027161 this user survey every year I asked
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00088-00027162-00027362 users do you use if it should be
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00089-00027363-00027620 pipelining and a lot of users say yes we
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00090-00027620-00027842 use pipelining and I always question
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00091-00027843-00028031 that because I don't think it's true I
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00092-00028032-00028408 think everyone is cleaning i planning
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00093-00028410-00028583 with persistent connections and that's
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00094-00028583-00028762 not the same thing
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00095-00028763-00029054 you know pipelining is you have to
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00096-00029055-00029327 explicitly enable it in lib Carl and you
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00097-00029327-00029720 have to send more outgoing requests
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00098-00029720-00029981 before the response has combined for the
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00099-00029982-00030350 previous requests so yes I will mush up
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00100-00030351-00030527 here soon we will remove it because it's
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00101-00030527-00030842 really rarely used it's very buggy we
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00102-00030843-00031061 I'm sure I mean I've had this debate a
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00103-00031062-00031232 few times with a few users who say that
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00104-00031233-00031442 Ori they were using it they're happy and
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00105-00031443-00031664 they're not happy with me saying that
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00106-00031664-00031892 they need to use HTTP 2 instead to make
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00107-00031893-00032264 this happen but I still think this is
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00108-00032264-00032567 the right way to do it and we don't
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00109-00032568-00032912 really test this very good back to the
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00110-00032913-00032983 dance point
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00111-00032984-00033295 this is really not a good camera area
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00112-00033296-00033479 and is really complicated to write test
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00113-00033480-00033626 it's very timing sensitive and it's
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00114-00033627-00033851 really hard to debug because of this
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00115-00033852-00034117 timing sensitivity and the browser's of
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00116-00034118-00034304 course already dropped pipelining a
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00117-00034305-00034816 while ago those who supported it I know
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00118-00034817-00034993 that both Chrome and Firefox have
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00119-00034994-00035173 dropped it completely none of them had
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00120-00035174-00035467 it enabled by default anyway so I think
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00121-00035468-00035812 it's it's time to do it and it's the
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00122-00035813-00036121 proper pipelining saturating your
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00123-00036122-00036466 connection outgoing and incoming over a
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00124-00036467-00036652 TCP connection it's much better than
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00125-00036653-00036844 what it should be - and that's what we
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00126-00036845-00037090 should you catch these issues so we
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00127-00037091-00037267 remove the Global DNS cache also because
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00128-00037268-00037471 global in s cache was never a good idea
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00129-00037472-00037987 and with I tried to Google for it and I
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00130-00037988-00038182 haven't found many inducers ok it was
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00131-00038183-00038518 added for PHP users back in 2002 I
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00132-00038519-00038755 believe we added a little note in the
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00133-00038756-00039010 dogs already 2004 they said don't use
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00134-00039011-00039173 this we will remove it at some point in
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00135-00039174-00039485 time and I think 15 years later and yeah
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00136-00039486-00039629 now it's the point in time when it's
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00137-00039630-00039898 time to actually remove it so and we
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00138-00039899-00040054 have a much better API for it that is
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00139-00040055-00040294 actually thread safe and sensible and
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00140-00040295-00040618 allows users to share more like exactly
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00141-00040619-00040888 between threads and so on and in right
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00142-00040889-00041095 we also made a cheapie 10.9 support
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00143-00041096-00041527 opt-in which isn't really opt-in yet
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00144-00041528-00041937 it's still an opt-out but because it's
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00145-00041938-00042310 still
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00146-00042311-00042574 it will get disabled by default in
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00147-00042575-00042754 September 10 so in by the September we
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00148-00042755-00042954 will flip the default and make it
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00149-00042955-00043368 disabled by default a cioppino 0.9
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00150-00043369-00043786 is it a GP 0.9 response is a HIV
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00151-00043787-00043999 response without headers basically the
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00152-00044000-00044274 binary or whatever bought it immediately
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00153-00044275-00044500 which unfortunately makes it that you
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00154-00044501-00044875 can pretty much redirect if you ask her
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00155-00044876-00045085 to get HP from whatever server basically
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00156-00045086-00045445 or whatever protocol something will come
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00157-00045446-00045646 back and live car with considered a
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00158-00045647-00046069 donation to 0.9 which I'm sure hasn't
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00159-00046070-00046234 been investigated by enough number of
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00160-00046235-00046420 users yet but I'm sure that many users
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00161-00046421-00046603 would be surprised if they actually knew
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00162-00046604-00046801 about this and learn about it so I
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00163-00046802-00047008 figured it's time to me just stop it
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00164-00047009-00047218 before they get aware of about it
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00165-00047219-00047584 because it's it's just surprising and
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00166-00047585-00047887 not a good idea I think possibly a
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00167-00047888-00048237 security risk
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00168-00048238-00048828 sorry yes
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00169-00048829-00049042 I'll talk about that tomorrow yeah so
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00170-00049043-00049207 our first quick command line actually
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00171-00049208-00049618 uses 0.9 so yes but but well we can
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00172-00049619-00049870 still enable it and it will remain an
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00173-00049871-00050086 option to say yes I want to I want to
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00174-00050087-00050284 support 0.9 because I think there are
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00175-00050285-00050536 some certain use cases when you might
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00176-00050537-00050824 want to do this so the support will
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00177-00050825-00051049 remain there we will just toggle it off
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00178-00051050-00051215 by default
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00179-00051216-00051571 and hopefully the quit users will cease
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00180-00051572-00051966 to exist Ori soon and then it will be HB
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00181-00051967-00052479 3 instead right it's possibly maybe I
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00182-00052479-00052795 break it it's a matter of definition but
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00183-00052796-00052960 I don't think there are many actually
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00184-00052961-00053266 users of this out in the wild can tell
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00185-00053266-00053716 me they have to set an option and of
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00186-00053716-00053971 course I'm very open for more
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00187-00053972-00054157 suggestions on what we can do to trim
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00188-00054158-00054460 out things that we don't use and I will
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00189-00054461-00054700 try to come up with questions to users
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00190-00054701-00054874 from there for the survey and see if we
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00191-00054875-00055080 can figure out other areas that are a
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00192-00055082-00055390 bit unused in dusty that we should clean
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00193-00055391-00055783 out and at the same in the same spirit
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00194-00055784-00056079 level removing deprecated stuff and
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00195-00056080-00056505 legacy crap should we introduce this way
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00196-00056507-00056776 of introducing introduced this way of
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00197-00056777-00057058 introducing experimental code so now we
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00198-00057059-00057380 introduced features with a clear
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00199-00057382-00057637 experimental tag like this new also
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00200-00057638-00057970 reduces headers it is documented as
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00201-00057971-00058060 experimental
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00202-00058061-00058303 in the documentation it is disabled by
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00203-00058304-00058453 default you have to enable it by it with
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00204-00058454-00058653 configure and if you do it wants to
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00205-00058654-00058788 assess that this code is experimental
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00206-00058789-00058990 don't ship it in production I'm sure
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00207-00058991-00059166 that won't actually stop anyone from
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00208-00059167-00059503 doing it but hopefully at least we can
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00209-00059504-00059838 just tell them that we told them the
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00210-00059839-00060105 idea being that we can ship code a
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00211-00060106-00060255 little bit earlier before we're
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00212-00060256-00060536 perfectly sure about how it should work
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00213-00060537-00060807 like in in this case with all services
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00214-00060808-00061005 I'm not exactly sure what kind of make
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00215-00061006-00061242 the eye or ABI we want here what the
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00216-00061243-00061410 user really want to do how do they want
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00217-00061411-00061611 to use this feature so I figured it was
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00218-00061612-00061782 would be cool to get it out to people
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00219-00061783-00061938 you can start trying it out then we can
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00220-00061939-00062235 possibly change how it works when we
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00221-00062236-00062722 learn how people want to use it ideally
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00222-00062723-00062997 I'm not sure it'll work maybe it'll end
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00223-00062998-00063160 up like usual that nobody says anything
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00224-00063161-00063363 and I will just remove the label after a
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00225-00063364-00063528 while I say yeah it'll work like this
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00226-00063529-00063925 now but at least I tried
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00227-00063926-00064249 right so that's the all services header
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00228-00064250-00064512 this is saying it's basically saying
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00229-00064513-00064909 this site won't so runs over here on
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00230-00064910-00065098 another hostname another port another
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00231-00065099-00065362 protocol potentially go there instead of
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00232-00065363-00065692 here yeah this is actually an old header
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00233-00065693-00066091 introduced three years ago for HTTP to
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00234-00066092-00066367 to allow clients not get stuck in a
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00235-00066368-00066613 single server but move them over to
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00236-00066614-00066745 another server that happens to be the
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00237-00066746-00066958 same one basically in a load balancer
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00238-00066959-00067132 case when you have a lot of load
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00239-00067133-00067300 balancers you don't want all connections
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00240-00067301-00067501 to get stuck on one of them because in
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00241-00067502-00067780 the apt will have more persistent long
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00242-00067781-00068134 ago in connections and that is this is
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00243-00068135-00068443 the documented way to use hb3 so that's
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00244-00068444-00068620 how you boots don't they to be three so
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00245-00068621-00068827 we better get this done so that we can
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00246-00068828-00069091 actually go it'd be three the documented
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00247-00069092-00069474 way in the future
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00248-00069475-00069732 is not used a lot apart from it to be
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00249-00069733-00069894 three and had the quick experiments by
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00250-00069895-00070617 Google is not used a lot so might be up
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00251-00070618-00070868 some other interesting things with the
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00252-00070869-00071091 experimental code to do in the future
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00253-00071092-00071307 I'm sure that some of the other things
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00254-00071308-00071706 that I mentioned just not yesterday but
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00255-00071707-00071976 earlier what we can do in the future
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00256-00071977-00072219 we can add as experimental just to get
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00257-00072220-00072486 the code out to allow everyone to get a
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00258-00072487-00072687 feel for it before we actually rubber
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00259-00072688-00072903 stamp the exact behavior and decide that
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00260-00072904-00073157 this is the way to do forever and ever I
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00261-00073158-00073524 think it's done some areas in the past
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00262-00073525-00073710 we've done some stupid mistakes in the
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00263-00073711-00073881 API so maybe is a new thing so that we
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00264-00073882-00074067 have to live with forever after that it
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00265-00074068-00074253 could have been better to just try that
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00266-00074254-00074583 first and hopefully we can do it in this
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00267-00074584-00074631 manner
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00268-00074632-00075841 go forth that's it
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00269-00075842-00076063 any questions and I want to deprecate
+B9BC3eFbfJk-00270-00076064-00076555 any more stuff removing things is fun
+B9E9xAzlGey-00000-00000000-00001491 [Music]
+B9E9xAzlGey-00001-00001492-00001989 so
+B9E9xAzlGey-00002-00001991-00002883 [Music]
+B9E9xAzlGey-00003-00002884-00003055 so
+B9E9xAzlGey-00004-00003056-00005683 [Music]
+B9E9xAzlGey-00005-00005684-00005892 foreign
+B9E9xAzlGey-00007-00009884-00009996 um
+B9E9xAzlGey-00008-00009997-00011283 [Music]
+B9E9xAzlGey-00009-00011284-00011582 so
+B9E9xAzlGey-00010-00011583-00012876 [Music]
+B9E9xAzlGey-00011-00012877-00014083 [Music]
+B9E9xAzlGey-00012-00014084-00014194 foreign
+B9E9xAzlGey-00014-00020328-00020536 you
+BshsKpGqMvE-00000-00000000-00000216 major vehicle exchange brings to you
+BshsKpGqMvE-00001-00000217-00000599 2007 Chevrolet C 5500 wheelchair shuttle
+BshsKpGqMvE-00002-00000600-00000881 bus for sale stock number of four nine
+BshsKpGqMvE-00003-00000882-00001225 zero - this used bus for sale has clear
+BshsKpGqMvE-00004-00001226-00001490 title it can accommodate up to 20
+BshsKpGqMvE-00005-00001491-00001705 passengers plus driver and up tow to
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+BshsKpGqMvE-00007-00002034-00002251 reconditioned detailed and ready for
+BshsKpGqMvE-00008-00002252-00002443 immediate delivery anywhere across the
+BshsKpGqMvE-00009-00002444-00002765 USA and Canada ideal for adult
+BshsKpGqMvE-00010-00002766-00003058 transportation Church tour and Medical
+BshsKpGqMvE-00011-00003059-00003293 shuttle business handicapped mobility
+BshsKpGqMvE-00012-00003294-00003586 adult daycare school and commuter use
+BshsKpGqMvE-00013-00003586-00003797 this bus has been thoroughly
+BshsKpGqMvE-00014-00003797-00004043 reconditioned touched up serviced
+BshsKpGqMvE-00015-00004044-00004261 checked into Road tested and is clean
+BshsKpGqMvE-00016-00004262-00004438 fully equipped and in excellent
+BshsKpGqMvE-00017-00004439-00004522 condition
+BshsKpGqMvE-00018-00004523-00004811 perfect for church tours charters
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+BshsKpGqMvE-00024-00006219-00006431 has a clean one-owner accident free Auto
+BshsKpGqMvE-00025-00006431-00006620 Check report and is a government fleet
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+BshsKpGqMvE-00028-00007086-00007306 provide both passengers and Driver with
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+BshsKpGqMvE-00030-00007464-00007756 transport it has extremely low mileage
+BshsKpGqMvE-00031-00007758-00008033 6.6 liter Duramax diesel Chevrolet
+BshsKpGqMvE-00032-00008034-00008273 engine and four-speed automatic Allison
+BshsKpGqMvE-00033-00008274-00008567 transmission with overdrive all other
+BshsKpGqMvE-00034-00008568-00008759 mechanical functions are in excellent
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+BshsKpGqMvE-00037-00009179-00009388 bus has numerous features including
+BshsKpGqMvE-00038-00009389-00009853 power heated side mirrors 2007 Chevrolet
+BshsKpGqMvE-00039-00009854-00010184 C 5500 star trans fiberglass conversion
+BshsKpGqMvE-00040-00010185-00010553 puck ciliary exterior lighting since the
+BshsKpGqMvE-00041-00010554-00010624 T slider
+BshsKpGqMvE-00042-00010625-00010841 coach windows with coach style window
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+BshsKpGqMvE-00044-00011179-00011503 electronic wheelchair lifts hydraulic
+BshsKpGqMvE-00045-00011504-00011720 anti-lock braking system and driver's
+BshsKpGqMvE-00046-00011721-00011998 entrance step reclining driver's seat
+BshsKpGqMvE-00047-00011999-00012266 the automatic transmission shifts
+BshsKpGqMvE-00048-00012267-00012496 smoothly and without hesitation
+BshsKpGqMvE-00049-00012497-00012994 50 1275 miles front and rear air
+BshsKpGqMvE-00050-00012995-00013382 conditioning and heating a em FM CD
+BshsKpGqMvE-00051-00013383-00013600 stereo system with speakers throughout
+BshsKpGqMvE-00052-00013601-00013979 PA system wheelchair safety interlock
+BshsKpGqMvE-00053-00013980-00014383 system advanced fast idle system it is
+BshsKpGqMvE-00054-00014384-00014569 also equipped with safety equipment
+BshsKpGqMvE-00055-00014570-00014741 including first aid kit and fire
+BshsKpGqMvE-00056-00014741-00015035 extinguisher cloth seating for 18
+BshsKpGqMvE-00057-00015036-00015294 passengers with seat belts and arm rests
+BshsKpGqMvE-00058-00015295-00015728 padded interior roof hatch to double
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+BshsKpGqMvE-00061-00016029-00016375 q strain automatic wheelchair tie-downs
+BshsKpGqMvE-00062-00016376-00016730 gray rubber transit floor and finally
+BshsKpGqMvE-00063-00016731-00016988 the 19.5 inch tires with dual rear
+BshsKpGqMvE-00064-00016989-00017252 wheels mud flaps and morad suspension
+BshsKpGqMvE-00065-00017253-00017447 system are in very good to excellent
+BshsKpGqMvE-00066-00017448-00017738 condition for more information about our
+BshsKpGqMvE-00067-00017739-00017858 used non-emergency medical
+BshsKpGqMvE-00068-00017859-00018144 transportation vehicles for sale visit
+BshsKpGqMvE-00069-00018145-00018679 WWE bus comm and call charlie @
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00000-00000037-00000695 [Music]
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00001-00000696-00001415 [Music]
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00002-00001416-00001611 doctor thank you very much for doing
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00003-00001612-00002326 this pleasure call me Harold
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00004-00002327-00003001 [Music]
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00005-00003002-00003279 tell me about yourself let's start life
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00006-00003279-00003761 story well I was born at the beginning
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00007-00003762-00004068 of World War two my parents were the
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00008-00004069-00004304 children of immigrants I went to public
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00009-00004305-00004475 schools in Freeport in New York and
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00010-00004476-00004716 modest bedroom community and not far
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00011-00004717-00004914 from New York City grew up in a pretty
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00012-00004915-00005160 conventional way probably after my
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00013-00005161-00005300 sophomore year in high school I was
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00014-00005301-00005478 exposed to kids who were more ambitious
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00015-00005479-00005754 than I was when I went to the Putney
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00016-00005755-00006036 school work camp and that had a typical
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00017-00006037-00006270 effect on me made me realize that there
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00018-00006271-00006485 was more to life than growing up as a
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00019-00006486-00006752 comfortable son of a physician on Long
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00020-00006753-00006983 Island and went off to Amherst College
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00021-00006984-00007220 thinking I would probably stick to my
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00022-00007222-00007479 pre-med ambitions but got interested in
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00023-00007480-00007740 philosophy and majored in literature did
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00024-00007741-00007938 a thesis on Charles Dickens that I'm
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00025-00007939-00008190 still proud of I ended up going to
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00026-00008191-00008396 graduate school in literature after
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00027-00008397-00008595 about a year there I realized my friends
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00028-00008596-00008754 who had gone to medical school having
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00029-00008755-00009005 more fun than I was what was it about
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00030-00009006-00009330 science that eventually weaned you away
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00031-00009331-00009521 from this principal interest in
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00032-00009522-00009705 literature and philosophy I had always
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00033-00009706-00009885 thought about myself as possibly being a
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00034-00009886-00010068 doctor I admired what my father did
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00035-00010069-00010355 remember gertrude stein's saying I went
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00036-00010356-00010499 to medical school because it opens all
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00037-00010500-00010547 doors
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00038-00010548-00010851 I switched after my first year and went
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00039-00010852-00011055 to medical school at Columbia
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00040-00011056-00011277 I enjoyed medical school unlike most
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00041-00011278-00011471 people I was thinking seriously about
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00042-00011472-00011672 biology for the first time first
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00043-00011673-00011907 glimmers of molecular biology being
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00044-00011908-00012141 important and practice of Medicine were
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00045-00012142-00012341 on the horizon I could see that there
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00046-00012342-00012576 was a lot to be learned by understanding
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00047-00012577-00012813 more profoundly how cells worked and how
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00048-00012813-00013002 genes and form cells remember this
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00049-00013003-00013269 though it seemed like we were pretty far
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00050-00013269-00013422 along and in the world of molecular
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00051-00013422-00013665 biology at that time in fact we were at
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00052-00013666-00013929 the very nascent double helix had only
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00053-00013930-00014097 been discovered ten years before
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00054-00014097-00014303 speaking you know about early sixties
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00055-00014304-00014447 yeah
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00056-00014448-00014643 given that it was the Vietnam era many
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00057-00014644-00014877 young physicians were not strong
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00058-00014878-00015033 supporters of the war I was actually a
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00059-00015034-00015225 very active opponent of the war we were
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00060-00015226-00015447 all required to do national service of
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00061-00015447-00015747 some kind either you go into the army or
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00062-00015747-00016088 join the Public Health Service or you go
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00063-00016090-00016224 to jail or leave the
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00064-00016225-00016431 three so there weren't that many choices
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00065-00016432-00016674 available for someone like me and I was
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00066-00016675-00016866 fortunate as someone who had basically
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00067-00016867-00017085 learned some medicine but had done no
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00068-00017086-00017433 serious science to get an assignment at
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00069-00017434-00017688 the NIH National Institutes of Health
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00070-00017689-00017958 and that was probably the critical
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00071-00017959-00018119 moment in the development of my career
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00072-00018120-00018381 because up until that point the closest
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00073-00018382-00018567 I came to thinking of myself as a
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00074-00018568-00018771 scientist was to say I'm really
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00075-00018772-00018936 fascinated by what science is teaching
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00076-00018937-00019173 us about medicine but I had no idea that
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00077-00019174-00019338 I could actually do science whenever I
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00078-00019339-00019617 had tried recapitulating ancient
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00079-00019618-00019767 experiments in a in a classroom
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00080-00019768-00020061 laboratory I either failed or was
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00081-00020062-00020334 miserable doing it but suddenly I saw
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00082-00020335-00020597 that if you were devising your own
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00083-00020598-00020760 experiments and trying to answer the
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00084-00020761-00020916 next question is that what people have
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00085-00020917-00021060 learned in the past the science was
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00086-00021061-00021267 actually an incredibly stimulating
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00087-00021268-00021330 activity
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00088-00021331-00021555 I learned the joy of telling other
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00089-00021556-00021765 people about your results about going to
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00090-00021766-00021957 meetings and showing off getting
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00091-00021958-00022227 together and with like-minded scientists
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00092-00022228-00022437 and thinking about how you solve a
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00093-00022438-00022671 problem that seems any luck table but
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00094-00022672-00022956 actually is approachable if you have the
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00095-00022957-00023214 right tools and I had an epiphany one
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00096-00023215-00023487 Saturday morning when I put things into
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00097-00023488-00023739 week kind of sophisticated Geiger
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00098-00023740-00024039 counter and could see that I could
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00099-00024040-00024414 actually measure how one gene gets
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00100-00024415-00024642 copied into RNA to make protein
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00101-00024643-00024837 Eureka moment for you it is I mean I
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00102-00024838-00025032 wasn't answering a question I just had
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00103-00025033-00025218 the tool I had had the measuring stick
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00104-00025219-00025359 there were a lot of questions I can
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00105-00025360-00025572 answer that depended on trying to
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00106-00025573-00025852 understand a basic problem in biology
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00107-00025854-00026169 gene regulation you know we come in to
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00108-00026170-00026436 life as human beings was roughly 21,000
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00109-00026437-00026714 genes each of our cells expresses makes
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00110-00026716-00026925 the protein encoded by a different
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00111-00026926-00027233 constellation of those 21,000 genes how
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00112-00027235-00027405 does the cell know how to do that so now
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00113-00027406-00027636 you're hooked on science absolutely at
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00114-00027637-00027936 age 28 you make this switch and your
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00115-00027937-00028127 world is pretty late on it is pretty
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00116-00028129-00028329 late on the other hand it's a chronology
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00117-00028330-00028608 that I like to point out to other people
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00118-00028608-00028851 because I increasingly see these days
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00119-00028852-00029094 that very ambitious and talented high
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00120-00029095-00029258 school students they think if I don't
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00121-00029259-00029424 start working at a lab when they're 60
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00122-00029425-00029577 and start publishing in nature and
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00123-00029577-00029814 eighteen that they're behind the others
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00124-00029814-00030108 and I say slow down prolonged
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00125-00030108-00030411 adolescence enriches your life enriches
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00126-00030412-00030651 the way you do science and doesn't need
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00127-00030652-00030758 to be done so fast
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00128-00030760-00030914 well didn't turn it out all that badly
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00129-00030916-00031208 you won the Nobel Prize yeah
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00130-00031210-00031340 that's not why we were doing the work
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00131-00031341-00031464 though I think that I think that's
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00132-00031464-00031620 important thing to stay I know we're
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00133-00031620-00031764 gonna find the open line but there's so
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00134-00031764-00031983 many people a lot of powerful people
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00135-00031983-00032258 included who are organized around the
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00136-00032260-00032427 idea that people should be doing
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00137-00032427-00032661 scientific research with the goal of
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00138-00032662-00032928 producing a better product as opposed to
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00139-00032929-00033162 just learning for learnings sake and
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00140-00033163-00033387 knowledge for knowledge sake no one does
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00141-00033388-00033555 that kind of work oblivious to the
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00142-00033556-00033747 possibilities even then you couldn't
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00143-00033748-00033906 write a grant application without saying
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00144-00033907-00034137 how this might be useful and I was
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00145-00034138-00034365 certainly aware that if we understood
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00146-00034366-00034602 the molecular basis of cancer we might
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00147-00034603-00034794 do a better job in diagnosing it at
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00148-00034795-00034968 preventing it in treating it but I
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00149-00034969-00035295 didn't myself want to develop the drugs
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00150-00035296-00035631 that might be useful someday and trying
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00151-00035632-00035949 to defeat this disease I hope somebody
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00152-00035950-00036204 would do that but I think all of us grow
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00153-00036205-00036417 up in an environment whether consciously
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00154-00036418-00036723 or not which we understand the original
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00155-00036724-00036939 precepts of Vannevar Bush who wrote the
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00156-00036940-00037196 book science the endless frontier for
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00157-00037197-00037392 Franklin Roosevelt after Vannevar Bush
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00158-00037393-00037623 had served as the coordinator for all
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00159-00037624-00037857 science during World War two he said
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00160-00037858-00038175 let's give federal money to academic
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00161-00038176-00038445 institutions and encourage them to study
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00162-00038446-00038607 anything that looks interesting and
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00163-00038608-00038808 approachable and they will generate
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00164-00038809-00039090 basic knowledge that industry will then
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00165-00039091-00039282 come along and develop practical
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00166-00039283-00039567 products my concern is there's a lot of
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00167-00039568-00039771 fundamental biology that we still don't
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00168-00039772-00039951 understand we've worked with a very
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00169-00039952-00040155 restricted number of organisms we have a
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00170-00040156-00040500 set view about how life works that is
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00171-00040501-00040725 clearly incomplete you know every year
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00172-00040726-00040962 or two there's some astounding discovery
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00173-00040963-00041235 whether it's the CRISPR editing tools or
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00174-00041236-00041427 some new phenomenon about gene
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00175-00041428-00041643 expression the completely unexpected and
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00176-00041644-00042117 if we don't take chances conservatism in
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00177-00042118-00042358 this field seeps in and people begin to
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00178-00042359-00042744 think more about their careers the safe
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00179-00042745-00043029 options and not the risky
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00180-00043030-00043224 I have to say things were so comfortable
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00181-00043225-00043650 for people of my generation I never
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00182-00043651-00043851 really worried I'm not gonna get a job
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00183-00043852-00044040 or get a grant I just the question is am
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00184-00044041-00044277 I gonna do good work well I want to talk
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00185-00044278-00044523 about the Nobel Prize tell me exactly
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00186-00044524-00044787 for what did you win the prize what I
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00187-00044788-00044943 wanted to do was learn something about
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00188-00044944-00045375 the origins of cancer and not much was
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00189-00045376-00045618 known about how a normal cell becomes a
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00190-00045619-00045890 cancer cell there was good reason to
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00191-00045891-00046092 believe genetics was important we have
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00192-00046093-00046365 to put ourselves back into a historical
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00193-00046366-00046536 era we didn't have her common DNA
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00194-00046537-00046731 technology we didn't how to do DNA
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00195-00046732-00046977 sequencing and the only game in town
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00196-00046978-00047282 seemed to be a game that was played with
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00197-00047283-00047648 viruses of various animals that could
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00198-00047649-00047946 change a normal cell into a cancer cell
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00199-00047947-00048198 quite efficiently so that was the game I
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00200-00048199-00048417 wanted to play how does a cell maintain
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00201-00048418-00048654 its identity and not become a cancer
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00202-00048655-00048837 cell and what other thing is that a
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00203-00048838-00049158 virus brings into a cell that allows it
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00204-00049159-00049449 to change the behavior of the cell so
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00205-00049450-00049668 profoundly so the prize was awarded
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00206-00049669-00049878 because we had discovered that the
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00207-00049879-00050232 cancer gene of a chicken virus called
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00208-00050233-00050445 the Rous sarcoma virus was derived from
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00209-00050446-00050730 a normal cellular gene Michael Bishop
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00210-00050731-00051111 and Harold Varmus your discoveries
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00211-00051112-00051462 started to give a new insight into the
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00212-00051463-00051946 very complex disease that we call cancer
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00213-00051947-00052200 the fortunate thing is that we chose a
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00214-00052201-00052602 virus that had a single gene that was
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00215-00052603-00052920 able to turn a normal chicken cell into
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00216-00052921-00053127 a cancer cell and that team wasn't
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00217-00053128-00053313 required for the virus to grow it's just
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00218-00053314-00053571 an independent gene that must have come
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00219-00053572-00053772 from somewhere and understand the nature
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00220-00053773-00054045 of those changes and finding that there
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00221-00054046-00054234 were lots of other viruses of a similar
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00222-00054235-00054510 type that had other kinds of genes set
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00223-00054511-00054753 in motion a kind of avalanche of
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00224-00054754-00055053 discovery of genes that to this day are
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00225-00055054-00055347 target's of new cancer therapies and in
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00226-00055348-00055572 some cases ought to be the targets for
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00227-00055573-00055740 therapy but we still haven't solved the
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00228-00055741-00055947 problem of how to inhibit them well
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00229-00055948-00056165 where's Len work work for
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00230-00056166-00056540 research into kanjo where are we now in
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00231-00056541-00056720 the continuing battle against cancer
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00232-00056721-00056941 every cancer has its own genetic
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00233-00056942-00057188 signature one of the great mysteries of
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00234-00057189-00057379 cancer one of the reasons cancer is so
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00235-00057380-00057704 fundamentally interesting is the cancer
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00236-00057704-00057934 is the result of evolutionary processes
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00237-00057935-00058334 cells undergo genetic change mutation
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00238-00058335-00058589 and the fittest cells survive and grow
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00239-00058590-00058879 and spread the distant organs and even
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00240-00058880-00059111 after you begin to treat those cancers
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00241-00059112-00059387 it's generating more variants that are
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00242-00059388-00059666 likely to demonstrate their fitness in
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00243-00059666-00059854 the presence of an inhibitory drug
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00244-00059855-00060130 because cancer is such a wily Beast
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00245-00060132-00060446 you're very prolific as an author what
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00246-00060447-00060725 do you see as the biggest problem of our
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00247-00060726-00061136 users were translating science to the
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00248-00061137-00061366 general public yeah well there are some
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00249-00061367-00061634 big problems in my view you can't
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00250-00061635-00061862 transmit all of scientific knowledge
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00251-00061863-00062126 anybody I'm sometimes reminded when I
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00252-00062127-00062408 run into the Speaker of the House Nancy
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00253-00062409-00062479 Pelosi
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00254-00062480-00062675 she was my congressman about 30 years
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00255-00062676-00062936 ago who still remembers the day I
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00256-00062937-00063217 brought a young energetic scientist from
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00257-00063219-00063470 UC San Francisco to see her scientist
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00258-00063471-00063638 name was Cynthia Kenyon she's made some
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00259-00063639-00063857 important discoveries about Aging and
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00260-00063858-00064097 small roundworms and she came into
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00261-00064098-00064283 Pelosi's office and she didn't try to
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00262-00064284-00064478 inundate her with information she was
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00263-00064479-00064867 able to transmit the excitement of using
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00264-00064869-00065237 the genetics of these small worms to
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00265-00065238-00065495 understand lifespan and everybody's
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00266-00065496-00065666 interested in lifespan so was her
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00267-00065667-00065930 enthusiasm her passion much more than
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00268-00065931-00066086 just the details of exactly the
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00269-00066087-00066338 information what Nancy Pelosi remembers
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00270-00066339-00066623 to this day is the excitement I think
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00271-00066624-00066941 you also have to contextualize the goal
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00272-00066942-00067259 in science communication many times you
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00273-00067260-00067376 are trying to teach someone something
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00274-00067377-00067670 and the content matters a lot other
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00275-00067671-00067886 times you're simply trying to persuade
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00276-00067887-00068126 someone that that science is an exciting
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00277-00068127-00068360 enterprise and in the case of a member
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00278-00068361-00068543 of Congress that they ought to support
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00279-00068544-00068798 it with with federal funds so I'm gonna
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00280-00068799-00068996 become there's a pragmatic outcome but
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00281-00068997-00069362 it's not learning why a worm becomes an
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00282-00069363-00069741 old worm
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00283-00069742-00070030 you had any number of positions that
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00284-00070031-00070368 brought you into politics what does your
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00285-00070369-00070567 experience dealing in politics tell you
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00286-00070568-00070984 I found myself trying to be sure that
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00287-00070985-00071224 the products of science the knowledge we
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00288-00071225-00071475 generate is widely and efficiently
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00289-00071476-00071793 shared the tools are now available you
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00290-00071794-00071962 know you want to use the Internet to
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00291-00071963-00072207 foster dissemination of knowledge and
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00292-00072208-00072387 that's the way I and many other
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00293-00072388-00072576 scientists feel that there is no
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00294-00072577-00072775 fundamental reason why it's not possible
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00295-00072776-00073137 for every paper even before it's been
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00296-00073138-00073378 peer-reviewed to be accessible to a
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00297-00073379-00073681 broad public without inhibitions of the
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00298-00073682-00073861 kind that are created by by
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00299-00073862-00074034 subscriptions subscription-based
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00300-00074035-00074362 journals should be done by now they will
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00301-00074363-00074601 be done soon I think but we haven't
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00302-00074602-00074824 quite gotten to that stage doesn't mean
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00303-00074825-00075142 there's no cost of publication but we
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00304-00075143-00075409 need to find the resources in other ways
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00305-00075410-00075768 funding organizations want the the
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00306-00075769-00076068 products of the labors their money pays
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00307-00076069-00076411 for to be made widely available so other
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00308-00076412-00076735 scientists people who are worried about
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00309-00076736-00076909 a disease people who are just curious
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00310-00076910-00077203 about something have access to the
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00311-00077204-00077380 information and we have the tools to do
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00312-00077381-00077616 that now yeah it's been 20 years of
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00313-00077617-00077929 fairly heated political battles to try
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00314-00077930-00078126 to get us part of the way well you've
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00315-00078127-00078325 been a leader in that I've worked on
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00316-00078326-00078529 making it much more accessible
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00317-00078530-00078829 what should we the people what you re
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00318-00078830-00079018 doing about communicating science I
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00319-00079019-00079325 would love to see more emphasis on
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00320-00079326-00079626 scientific communication as a kind of as
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00321-00079627-00079822 a discipline in its own right would you
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00322-00079823-00080155 have to learn to do is to focus on
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00323-00080156-00080365 something that somebody cares about why
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00324-00080366-00080537 don't we have an influenza vaccine a
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00325-00080538-00080842 good one good question
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00326-00080843-00081069 I don't moving it well some of the
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00327-00081070-00081396 answers are kind of Pat also true that
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00328-00081397-00081736 the bat the virus changes every year but
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00329-00081737-00081946 I think if you start by saying to
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00330-00081947-00082188 someone know here's here's something you
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00331-00082189-00082354 know we've known about influenza my
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00332-00082355-00082549 grandmother died me influenza epidemic a
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00333-00082550-00082684 hundred years ago
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00334-00082685-00082794 nineteen
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00335-00082795-00083082 18 101 years ago how come we know a lot
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00336-00083083-00083235 about influenza virus why don't we have
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00337-00083236-00083571 a good vaccine and you start with that
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00338-00083572-00083715 question then suddenly you're talking
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00339-00083716-00084003 about virology and protein structure and
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00340-00084004-00084261 how the immune system works and how
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00341-00084262-00084492 these viruses mate because they exchange
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00342-00084493-00084666 information all the time makes they
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00343-00084667-00084939 create new viruses every year you get
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00344-00084940-00085140 someone led into an incredibly
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00345-00085141-00085446 interesting discussion that requires a
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00346-00085447-00085632 fair amount of knowledge that you could
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00347-00085633-00085872 not simply feed to them by saying today
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00348-00085873-00086076 we're going to talk about how influenza
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00349-00086077-00086415 viruses mate but if you bring people in
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00350-00086416-00086574 by asking a question that's very
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00351-00086575-00086793 provocative then you make some progress
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00352-00086794-00086949 and I think we need to get people to
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00353-00086950-00087156 tune to how to do that doctor thank you
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00354-00087157-00087303 very much I'm pretty appreciate you
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00355-00087304-00087492 thank you yeah thank you so much thank
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00356-00087493-00087600 you
+BtVLWrRAdpg-00357-00087601-00089085 [Music]
+BvRRMqpXE-A-00000-00005501-00008483 [Music]
+BvRRMqpXE-A-00002-00016884-00017184 m
+BAeonCSBAfu-00000-00000046-00000299 Joseph huggin Rother the 15th of
+BAeonCSBAfu-00001-00000300-00000584 September 1824 to the 3rd of October
+BAeonCSBAfu-00002-00000585-00000850 1890 was a German church historian and
+BAeonCSBAfu-00003-00000851-00001061 canonist and the first Cardinal prefect
+BAeonCSBAfu-00004-00001062-00001486 of the Vatican archives
+BAeonCSBAfu-00005-00001487-00002018 topic biography
+BAeonCSBAfu-00006-00002019-00002357 topic born in wurtzburg he was the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00007-00002358-00002551 second son of Johann Jacob hergenrother
+BAeonCSBAfu-00008-00002552-00002795 professor of medicine in the University
+BAeonCSBAfu-00009-00002796-00003098 of wurtzburg in 1842 hergenrother
+BAeonCSBAfu-00010-00003099-00003329 completed with notable success his
+BAeonCSBAfu-00011-00003329-00003547 gymnasium course in his native town and
+BAeonCSBAfu-00012-00003548-00003746 entered the university of wurtzburg to
+BAeonCSBAfu-00013-00003747-00003884 take up a two-year course of
+BAeonCSBAfu-00014-00003885-00004097 philosophical studies to which he added
+BAeonCSBAfu-00015-00004098-00004349 certain branches of theology his
+BAeonCSBAfu-00016-00004350-00004538 historical tendencies exhibited
+BAeonCSBAfu-00017-00004539-00004706 themselves at this early age in a
+BAeonCSBAfu-00018-00004707-00004925 dramatic poem entitled Pabst Gregor
+BAeonCSBAfu-00019-00004926-00005347 seven wurtzburg 1841 Bishop Vaughn Stoll
+BAeonCSBAfu-00020-00005348-00005638 took an interest in him and in 1844 sent
+BAeonCSBAfu-00021-00005639-00005827 him to the Collegium germanica MIT Rome
+BAeonCSBAfu-00022-00005828-00006008 whither he had already sent Heinrich
+BAeonCSBAfu-00023-00006009-00006202 Joseph Dominica stens Inger and Franz
+BAeonCSBAfu-00024-00006203-00006476 Hettinger among his scholarly teachers
+BAeonCSBAfu-00025-00006477-00006734 were Giovanni Peroni and Carlo Paz alia
+BAeonCSBAfu-00026-00006734-00006869 in doctrinal theology
+BAeonCSBAfu-00027-00006870-00007091 tommye and moral theology antonio
+BAeonCSBAfu-00028-00007092-00007309 Ballerini in church history Francis
+BAeonCSBAfu-00029-00007311-00007544 Xavier Patrice and scriptural exegesis
+BAeonCSBAfu-00030-00007545-00007888 and Marzio in canon law the political
+BAeonCSBAfu-00031-00007889-00008113 troubles of 1848 prevented the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00032-00008114-00008333 completion of his theological studies at
+BAeonCSBAfu-00033-00008334-00008477 Rome he was ordained to the priesthood
+BAeonCSBAfu-00034-00008478-00008719 the 28th of march of that year and
+BAeonCSBAfu-00035-00008720-00008918 returned to wurtzburg where he pursued
+BAeonCSBAfu-00036-00008919-00009110 his ecclesiastical preparation for
+BAeonCSBAfu-00037-00009111-00009433 another year in 1849 he was appointed
+BAeonCSBAfu-00038-00009434-00009619 chaplain at Zelan and for some time
+BAeonCSBAfu-00039-00009620-00009818 devoted himself to the duties of his
+BAeonCSBAfu-00040-00009819-00010190 office in 18-49 he stood successfully
+BAeonCSBAfu-00041-00010191-00010316 for the degree of Doctor of theology
+BAeonCSBAfu-00042-00010317-00010552 before the University of Munich and
+BAeonCSBAfu-00043-00010553-00010748 offered as his dissertation a treatise
+BAeonCSBAfu-00044-00010749-00010919 on the Trinitarian teaching of st.
+BAeonCSBAfu-00045-00010920-00011152 gregory nazi ons and de l'air von der
+BAeonCSBAfu-00046-00011153-00011446 got leaked and ranked kate nash d payal
+BAeonCSBAfu-00047-00011447-00011797 gregor von not science rat has been 1850
+BAeonCSBAfu-00048-00011798-00012002 the qualities of the young doctor
+BAeonCSBAfu-00049-00012003-00012188 induced the theological Faculty of
+BAeonCSBAfu-00050-00012189-00012352 Munich to offer him a place as
+BAeonCSBAfu-00051-00012353-00012535 instructor privat-dozent in theology
+BAeonCSBAfu-00052-00012536-00012796 which he accepted following ancient
+BAeonCSBAfu-00053-00012797-00013037 usage he justified the confidence of the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00054-00013038-00013213 university by a printed thesis
+BAeonCSBAfu-00055-00013215-00013388 habilitation shrift on the later
+BAeonCSBAfu-00056-00013388-00013583 Protestant theories of the origins of
+BAeonCSBAfu-00057-00013584-00013757 the Catholic Church to Catholic high
+BAeonCSBAfu-00058-00013758-00013955 ecclesia prime or die's recent eorum
+BAeonCSBAfu-00059-00013956-00014168 protests in TM systemotics pendant or
+BAeonCSBAfu-00060-00014169-00014525 rat has been 1851 henceforth he devoted
+BAeonCSBAfu-00061-00014526-00014680 himself without reserve to his
+BAeonCSBAfu-00062-00014681-00015080 professorial duties in 1852 he was
+BAeonCSBAfu-00063-00015081-00015260 called to wurtzburg as professor
+BAeonCSBAfu-00064-00015261-00015416 extraordinary of canon
+BAeonCSBAfu-00065-00015416-00015731 in church history after three years 1855
+BAeonCSBAfu-00066-00015732-00015902 he was promoted to the full possession
+BAeonCSBAfu-00067-00015903-00016178 of that chair to his other duties he
+BAeonCSBAfu-00068-00016179-00016412 added the teaching of petrology in those
+BAeonCSBAfu-00069-00016413-00016589 years wurtzburg rejoiced in the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00070-00016590-00016772 possession of such theologians as
+BAeonCSBAfu-00071-00016773-00016976 heading her dens enger hana line and
+BAeonCSBAfu-00072-00016977-00017288 hergenrother hergenrother was often
+BAeonCSBAfu-00073-00017289-00017462 honored by election to the office of
+BAeonCSBAfu-00074-00017463-00017678 Dean of his faculty and occasionally to
+BAeonCSBAfu-00075-00017679-00017882 the University Senate the latter office
+BAeonCSBAfu-00076-00017883-00018161 he never held after 1871 because of his
+BAeonCSBAfu-00077-00018162-00018455 opposition to Ignaz von Dollinger for a
+BAeonCSBAfu-00078-00018456-00018665 similar reason he was never chosen to be
+BAeonCSBAfu-00079-00018666-00018986 rector of the university until 1869
+BAeonCSBAfu-00080-00018987-00019238 hergenrother was occupied as teacher and
+BAeonCSBAfu-00081-00019239-00019442 writer chiefly with early Christian and
+BAeonCSBAfu-00082-00019443-00019715 Byzantine ecclesiastical history the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00083-00019716-00019994 discovery 1851 of the Greek Christian
+BAeonCSBAfu-00084-00019995-00020186 texts known as the philosopher Mina led
+BAeonCSBAfu-00085-00020187-00020387 him to examine its disputed authorship
+BAeonCSBAfu-00086-00020388-00020561 in a series of studies in the tubing
+BAeonCSBAfu-00087-00020562-00020918 earth eel quartile shrift 1852 and in
+BAeonCSBAfu-00088-00020919-00021194 the supplementary volume 1856 to the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00089-00021195-00021383 first edition of the Kirchen lexicon of
+BAeonCSBAfu-00090-00021384-00021575 heinrich joseph wet sir and benedict
+BAeonCSBAfu-00091-00021576-00021850 welt he again defended the authorship of
+BAeonCSBAfu-00092-00021851-00022034 Hippolytus in the österreich ich vir
+BAeonCSBAfu-00093-00022035-00022471 tell yer shrift F cath Thiele 1863
+BAeonCSBAfu-00094-00022472-00022747 hergenrother was especially interested
+BAeonCSBAfu-00095-00022748-00022913 in the career of photius and in the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00096-00022914-00023114 origins of the Greek schism and kept up
+BAeonCSBAfu-00097-00023115-00023303 continuous research in the principal
+BAeonCSBAfu-00098-00023304-00023492 libraries for manuscripts of the works
+BAeonCSBAfu-00099-00023493-00023681 of photius in order to exhibit the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00100-00023682-00023909 original materials in his perfect a text
+BAeonCSBAfu-00101-00023910-00024164 as could be established this led to the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00102-00024165-00024461 publication rat has been 1857 of the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00103-00024462-00024500 work
+BAeonCSBAfu-00104-00024501-00024722 floatie constantinopolitan eli bird de
+BAeonCSBAfu-00105-00024723-00024974 spiritus sancti mr. Gaggia he
+BAeonCSBAfu-00106-00024975-00025184 contributed essays on the same work and
+BAeonCSBAfu-00107-00025185-00025367 on the ample akhiya of photius to the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00108-00025368-00025939 tub Thiele quartile shrift 1858 in 1860
+BAeonCSBAfu-00109-00025941-00026138 appeared at Paris the meghna edition of
+BAeonCSBAfu-00110-00026139-00026435 photius it offered many textual
+BAeonCSBAfu-00111-00026436-00026612 emendations that were owing to her gain
+BAeonCSBAfu-00112-00026613-00026876 rather particularly in the ampulla kea
+BAeonCSBAfu-00113-00026877-00027115 it was against his will that his earlier
+BAeonCSBAfu-00114-00027116-00027470 edition of that library - SP sancti mr.
+BAeonCSBAfu-00115-00027470-00027752 Gaggia was reprinted by MIG nee when
+BAeonCSBAfu-00116-00027752-00028013 alloys Pickler s work on the history of
+BAeonCSBAfu-00117-00028014-00028205 the separation of the eastern and
+BAeonCSBAfu-00118-00028206-00028529 western churches appeared munich 1864
+BAeonCSBAfu-00119-00028530-00028799 hergenrother was prepared to criticize
+BAeonCSBAfu-00120-00028800-00029000 in the most thorough manner which he did
+BAeonCSBAfu-00121-00029001-00029225 in a series of studies in a wurtzburg
+BAeonCSBAfu-00122-00029226-00029530 theological periodical the Chilean iam
+BAeonCSBAfu-00123-00029531-00030005 1864 to 65 and in the archive F Kath
+BAeonCSBAfu-00124-00030006-00030494 Curtin Richt 1864 to 65 the results of
+BAeonCSBAfu-00125-00030495-00030731 his 12 years of research in the history
+BAeonCSBAfu-00126-00030732-00030964 of the Greek schism appeared finally in
+BAeonCSBAfu-00127-00030966-00031249 the classical work photius patriarch von
+BAeonCSBAfu-00128-00031250-00031544 constantinople sign Leben same schriften
+BAeonCSBAfu-00129-00031545-00031936 bundes Grisha skismo 3 Vols rat husband
+BAeonCSBAfu-00130-00031937-00032383 1867 to 69 an additional volume bears
+BAeonCSBAfu-00131-00032385-00032672 the title monument agraja ad floatium
+BAeonCSBAfu-00132-00032673-00032939 ejust historian pretentious rat has been
+BAeonCSBAfu-00133-00032940-00033260 in this monumental work it is difficult
+BAeonCSBAfu-00134-00033261-00033455 to say whether the pom belongs to the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00135-00033456-00033785 author s extensive knowledge of all the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00136-00033786-00033983 manuscript material to his profound
+BAeonCSBAfu-00137-00033984-00034178 erudition or to his calm objective
+BAeonCSBAfu-00138-00034179-00034487 attitude Carl Crum Bakker the historian
+BAeonCSBAfu-00139-00034488-00034676 of Byzantine literature says that the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00140-00034677-00034915 work cannot be surpassed in these
+BAeonCSBAfu-00141-00034916-00035140 volumes hergenrother laid here in minut
+BAeonCSBAfu-00142-00035141-00035330 detail the origins of the Byzantine
+BAeonCSBAfu-00143-00035331-00035525 church its development since the 4th
+BAeonCSBAfu-00144-00035526-00035723 century and after the death of photius
+BAeonCSBAfu-00145-00035724-00035906 until the completion of the schism in
+BAeonCSBAfu-00146-00035907-00036194 the 12th and 13th centuries while
+BAeonCSBAfu-00147-00036195-00036389 professor of Canon Law at wurtzburg
+BAeonCSBAfu-00148-00036390-00036623 hergenrother published several important
+BAeonCSBAfu-00149-00036624-00036827 historical canonical essays on such
+BAeonCSBAfu-00150-00036828-00037067 subjects as early ecclesiastical reordan
+BAeonCSBAfu-00151-00037068-00037118 ations
+BAeonCSBAfu-00152-00037119-00037574 ester vir tele our chef cath Thiele 1862
+BAeonCSBAfu-00153-00037575-00037811 the canonical relations of the various
+BAeonCSBAfu-00154-00037812-00038023 rights in the Catholic Church archive F
+BAeonCSBAfu-00155-00038024-00038153 Kath
+BAeonCSBAfu-00156-00038154-00038438 Curtin Richt 1862 the political
+BAeonCSBAfu-00157-00038439-00038660 ecclesiastical relations of Spain and
+BAeonCSBAfu-00158-00038661-00039068 the Holy See EBIT 1863 266 and the canon
+BAeonCSBAfu-00159-00039069-00039233 law of the Greeks to the end of the 9th
+BAeonCSBAfu-00160-00039234-00039293 century
+BAeonCSBAfu-00161-00039294-00039599 in 1870 his interest in the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00162-00039600-00039812 ecclesiastical vicissitudes of his own
+BAeonCSBAfu-00163-00039813-00040070 day was manifested by valuable essays on
+BAeonCSBAfu-00164-00040071-00040208 the states of the church after the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00165-00040209-00040513 French Revolution hist Paulette bladder
+BAeonCSBAfu-00166-00040514-00040832 1859 spirit of the age site-geist and
+BAeonCSBAfu-00167-00040833-00041146 papal sovereignty der Catholic 1861 and
+BAeonCSBAfu-00168-00041147-00041380 the Franco Sardinian treaty Frankfort
+BAeonCSBAfu-00169-00041381-00041735 1865 among his historic apologetic
+BAeonCSBAfu-00170-00041736-00041927 essays are his treatises on the air is
+BAeonCSBAfu-00171-00041928-00042083 condemned by the Holy See in the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00172-00042084-00042212 encyclical syllabus
+BAeonCSBAfu-00173-00042213-00042476 of the 8th of December 1864 in the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00174-00042477-00042767 Chilean ium 1865 the veneration of the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00175-00042768-00042926 Blessed Virgin in the first ten
+BAeonCSBAfu-00176-00042927-00043138 centuries of the Christian era Munster
+BAeonCSBAfu-00177-00043139-00043499 1870 he was a regular contributor of
+BAeonCSBAfu-00178-00043500-00043694 similar but briefer articles to the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00179-00043695-00043967 wurtzburg periodicals died Catholic wash
+BAeonCSBAfu-00180-00043968-00044227 and shrift and the Chilean iam
+BAeonCSBAfu-00181-00044228-00044498 hergenrother was constantly engaged in
+BAeonCSBAfu-00182-00044499-00044708 attempting to develop a genuine Catholic
+BAeonCSBAfu-00183-00044709-00044903 sentiment and truly Christian life among
+BAeonCSBAfu-00184-00044904-00045164 the faithful he preached frequently and
+BAeonCSBAfu-00185-00045165-00045350 was always a welcome speaker at the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00186-00045351-00045515 General Assemblies of the German
+BAeonCSBAfu-00187-00045516-00045911 Catholic associations Brian 1863 to 77
+BAeonCSBAfu-00188-00045912-00046136 for the Fulda meeting of the Prussian
+BAeonCSBAfu-00189-00046137-00046418 bishops 1870 he prepared an exhaustive
+BAeonCSBAfu-00190-00046419-00046628 historical study on the spoliation of
+BAeonCSBAfu-00191-00046629-00046817 the papal States in which he developed
+BAeonCSBAfu-00192-00046818-00046982 at length the arguments for the temporal
+BAeonCSBAfu-00193-00046983-00047300 power of the papacy at Munich he gained
+BAeonCSBAfu-00194-00047301-00047480 the reputation of being one of the most
+BAeonCSBAfu-00195-00047481-00047654 learned theologians on the ultra
+BAeonCSBAfu-00196-00047655-00047813 Montaigne side of the infallibility
+BAeonCSBAfu-00197-00047814-00048032 question which had begun to be discussed
+BAeonCSBAfu-00198-00048033-00048287 and in 1868 he was sent to Rome to
+BAeonCSBAfu-00199-00048288-00048461 arrange the Proceedings of the Vatican
+BAeonCSBAfu-00200-00048462-00048689 Council together with some other
+BAeonCSBAfu-00201-00048690-00048881 Catholics hergenrother deplored the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00202-00048882-00049043 attitude that certain Catholic
+BAeonCSBAfu-00203-00049044-00049313 theologians assumed from about 1860 in
+BAeonCSBAfu-00204-00049314-00049490 particular that of the celebrated
+BAeonCSBAfu-00205-00049491-00049808 historian Dollinger the latter s work
+BAeonCSBAfu-00206-00049809-00050078 Kirchen kirkin PAP's to mooned Kirchen
+BAeonCSBAfu-00207-00050079-00050384 stott 1861 was criticized by
+BAeonCSBAfu-00208-00050385-00050690 hergenrother in der catholic at the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00209-00050691-00050999 munich meeting of catholic savants 1863
+BAeonCSBAfu-00210-00051000-00051229 hergenrother was one of the eight who
+BAeonCSBAfu-00211-00051230-00051430 sent in a written protest against the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00212-00051432-00051632 opening discourse of Dollinger on the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00213-00051633-00051898 past and present of catholic theology
+BAeonCSBAfu-00214-00051899-00052163 among the other signers were heinrich
+BAeonCSBAfu-00215-00052164-00052466 mufon von Hassler paul leopold Haffner
+BAeonCSBAfu-00216-00052466-00052709 franz Hettinger and mathias joseph
+BAeonCSBAfu-00217-00052710-00053017 Shiban hergenrother was soon called on
+BAeonCSBAfu-00218-00053019-00053240 to answer the pamphlet of dr. Friedrich
+BAeonCSBAfu-00219-00053241-00053491 Bernhard Ferdinand mikelis Kerch oder
+BAeonCSBAfu-00220-00053492-00053842 parte ina fenneis you phrase wort and
+BAeonCSBAfu-00221-00053844-00054053 den Deutsch an Episcopal Church or
+BAeonCSBAfu-00222-00054054-00054359 faction a frank address to the German
+BAeonCSBAfu-00223-00054360-00054590 episcopate in which this writer attacked
+BAeonCSBAfu-00224-00054591-00054794 violently the minds and the roman
+BAeonCSBAfu-00225-00054795-00055180 theologians hergenrother s answer
+BAeonCSBAfu-00226-00055182-00055562 appeared in the chilean ium 1865 under
+BAeonCSBAfu-00227-00055563-00055601 the tie
+BAeonCSBAfu-00228-00055602-00055871 of Kerch you nicked part a ina and
+BAeonCSBAfu-00229-00055872-00056096 Rudolph died Jung Strasser de Hearn
+BAeonCSBAfu-00230-00056097-00056401 doctor fr mikelis Church and not faction
+BAeonCSBAfu-00231-00056402-00056617 an answer to the latest brochure of dr.
+BAeonCSBAfu-00232-00056619-00056938 mikelis in the same review 1863
+BAeonCSBAfu-00233-00056939-00057146 hergenrother had written a critical
+BAeonCSBAfu-00234-00057147-00057329 account of the latest efforts of Western
+BAeonCSBAfu-00235-00057329-00057538 Catholics for ecclesiastical reunion
+BAeonCSBAfu-00236-00057539-00057832 with the oriental churches the opening
+BAeonCSBAfu-00237-00057833-00058094 of the Vatican Council 1870 brought to a
+BAeonCSBAfu-00238-00058095-00058305 head the domestic conflict in Germany
+BAeonCSBAfu-00239-00058307-00058576 kurgan Rother was the foremost defender
+BAeonCSBAfu-00240-00058577-00058792 of the council and its decrees as early
+BAeonCSBAfu-00241-00058794-00059038 as 1868 he had been appointed with
+BAeonCSBAfu-00242-00059039-00059210 Hettinger consultor for the preparation
+BAeonCSBAfu-00243-00059211-00059426 of the council's work and had taken up
+BAeonCSBAfu-00244-00059427-00059676 his residence at Rome his knowledge of
+BAeonCSBAfu-00245-00059677-00059915 ecclesiastical history canon law and
+BAeonCSBAfu-00246-00059916-00060091 catholic dogma made him a valuable
+BAeonCSBAfu-00247-00060092-00060311 colabor in the many careful and detailed
+BAeonCSBAfu-00248-00060312-00060503 preliminary meetings of the council
+BAeonCSBAfu-00249-00060504-00060757 commission in the meantime he prepared
+BAeonCSBAfu-00250-00060758-00060929 with Hettinger and published in the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00251-00060929-00061301 chilean ium 1869 a memorial of the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00252-00061302-00061516 theological faculty of wurtzburg and
+BAeonCSBAfu-00253-00061517-00061715 replied to five questions submitted by
+BAeonCSBAfu-00254-00061716-00061901 the Bavarian government concerning the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00255-00061902-00062141 approaching council he also published
+BAeonCSBAfu-00256-00062141-00062441 der Catholic 1871 another outlined
+BAeonCSBAfu-00257-00062441-00062654 memorial concerning the Vatican Council
+BAeonCSBAfu-00258-00062654-00062869 in reply to eleven questions submitted
+BAeonCSBAfu-00259-00062870-00063067 by the Bavarian Minister of worship to
+BAeonCSBAfu-00260-00063069-00063251 the theological and law faculties of
+BAeonCSBAfu-00261-00063252-00063548 wurtzburg this memorial though projected
+BAeonCSBAfu-00262-00063549-00063716 was never formally called for by the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00263-00063716-00064019 government the opposition to the Vatican
+BAeonCSBAfu-00264-00064020-00064226 Council reached its Acme in the work der
+BAeonCSBAfu-00265-00064227-00064506 paps tune das canceled by Janus
+BAeonCSBAfu-00266-00064507-00064813 Dollinger in the same year 1869
+BAeonCSBAfu-00267-00064814-00065122 hergenrother prepared his anti Janus an
+BAeonCSBAfu-00268-00065123-00065404 historic a theological critique Freiburg
+BAeonCSBAfu-00269-00065404-00065729 1870 he also published a number of small
+BAeonCSBAfu-00270-00065730-00065936 brochures in favor of the council and
+BAeonCSBAfu-00271-00065937-00066331 against Dollinger e.g dire thermal OG
+BAeonCSBAfu-00272-00066332-00066686 sure censor Freiburg 1870 and a critique
+BAeonCSBAfu-00273-00066687-00066893 of dr. da lingers declaration of the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00274-00066894-00067406 28th of March 1871 Freiburg 1871 his pen
+BAeonCSBAfu-00275-00067407-00068084 was also active in a historic politicals
+BAeonCSBAfu-00276-00068085-00068390 on the alga miners iding and its letters
+BAeonCSBAfu-00277-00068391-00068564 from the Council on papal infallibility
+BAeonCSBAfu-00278-00068565-00068789 before the Vatican Council and on
+BAeonCSBAfu-00279-00068790-00069015 ancient Gallic ins and modern appellant
+BAeonCSBAfu-00280-00069016-00069399 in 1871 he published the solid study da
+BAeonCSBAfu-00281-00069400-00069720 son fell barrel Aaron de PAP stays the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00282-00069721-00069957 infallible Magisterium teaching Office
+BAeonCSBAfu-00283-00069958-00070347 of the Pope Passau 1871 these grave and
+BAeonCSBAfu-00284-00070348-00070527 exhausting Labor's were crowned and
+BAeonCSBAfu-00285-00070528-00070710 partially summarized by a new work
+BAeonCSBAfu-00286-00070711-00070953 Catholic urge you Chris liquor stott in
+BAeonCSBAfu-00287-00070954-00070998 error
+BAeonCSBAfu-00288-00070999-00071169 gosh it's leakin entwicklung you in
+BAeonCSBAfu-00289-00071170-00071406 bezzie humph daigon wort the Catholic
+BAeonCSBAfu-00290-00071407-00071580 Church in the Christian state in their
+BAeonCSBAfu-00291-00071581-00071733 historical development and their
+BAeonCSBAfu-00292-00071734-00071922 relations to the present together within
+BAeonCSBAfu-00293-00071923-00072417 an tjanus vindicate us freiburg 1872 2nd
+BAeonCSBAfu-00294-00072418-00072819 annotated IDI freiburg 1876 the former
+BAeonCSBAfu-00295-00072820-00072945 is at the source of information
+BAeonCSBAfu-00296-00072946-00073197 concerning political ecclesiastical
+BAeonCSBAfu-00297-00073198-00073383 conflicts of the past and is marked
+BAeonCSBAfu-00298-00073384-00073581 throughout by an in compromising tone it
+BAeonCSBAfu-00299-00073582-00074001 was translated into italian pavia 1877
+BAeonCSBAfu-00300-00074002-00074325 and into english london 1876 baltimore
+BAeonCSBAfu-00301-00074326-00074679 1889 he published his hand victor
+BAeonCSBAfu-00302-00074680-00074874 allgemeine and korchenko etched manual
+BAeonCSBAfu-00303-00074875-00075051 of general church history in the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00304-00075052-00075413 theological library of herder freiburg
+BAeonCSBAfu-00305-00075414-00075768 1876 a second annotated edition appeared
+BAeonCSBAfu-00306-00075769-00076134 in 1879 in 1880 a third volume was added
+BAeonCSBAfu-00307-00076135-00076317 containing the notes and documentary
+BAeonCSBAfu-00308-00076318-00076581 evidence this work was then and remains
+BAeonCSBAfu-00309-00076582-00076755 yet unsurpassed for abundance of
+BAeonCSBAfu-00310-00076756-00076968 information accuracy of narrative and
+BAeonCSBAfu-00311-00076969-00077208 manifold sources of historical proof a
+BAeonCSBAfu-00312-00077209-00077580 third edition appeared 1884 to 86 in
+BAeonCSBAfu-00313-00077581-00077754 which the notes are no longer printed
+BAeonCSBAfu-00314-00077755-00078027 apart but accompany the text the writer
+BAeonCSBAfu-00315-00078028-00078204 of this article as the editor of a
+BAeonCSBAfu-00316-00078205-00078560 fourth edition 3 Vols Freiburg 1902 to
+BAeonCSBAfu-00317-00078561-00078870 1901 at was proposed to bring out a new
+BAeonCSBAfu-00318-00078871-00079191 edition of the Kirchen lexicon of wet
+BAeonCSBAfu-00319-00079192-00079410 sir and welt hergenrother was naturally
+BAeonCSBAfu-00320-00079411-00079623 suggested as the salve on most capable
+BAeonCSBAfu-00321-00079624-00079908 of executing this gigantic task he
+BAeonCSBAfu-00322-00079909-00080076 accepted it but was compelled to abandon
+BAeonCSBAfu-00323-00080077-00080328 it when scarcely begun his elevation to
+BAeonCSBAfu-00324-00080329-00080478 the dignity of cardinal with the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00325-00080479-00080700 obligation of a Roman residence left him
+BAeonCSBAfu-00326-00080701-00080835 no freedom for the enterprise
+BAeonCSBAfu-00327-00080836-00081144 the first volume contains many articles
+BAeonCSBAfu-00328-00081145-00081341 from his pen some of them quite lengthy
+BAeonCSBAfu-00329-00081342-00081597 he was unable to do as much for the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00330-00081598-00081783 other volumes in all there are 87
+BAeonCSBAfu-00331-00081784-00081924 articles signed by him
+BAeonCSBAfu-00332-00081925-00082209 other minor literary tasks consumed his
+BAeonCSBAfu-00333-00082210-00082387 spare hours in the last period
+BAeonCSBAfu-00334-00082388-00082624 his life at wurtzburg the various
+BAeonCSBAfu-00335-00082625-00082866 subjects were pious the ninth wurtzburg
+BAeonCSBAfu-00336-00082867-00083284 1876 Athanasius the great cologne 1876
+BAeonCSBAfu-00337-00083285-00083679 cardinal Mauryan catholics 2dn wurtzburg
+BAeonCSBAfu-00338-00083680-00083929 1878 a short history of the pope's
+BAeonCSBAfu-00339-00083930-00084250 wurtzburg 1878 the vow of poverty among
+BAeonCSBAfu-00340-00084251-00084544 the oriental monks in archive F Kath
+BAeonCSBAfu-00341-00084545-00084913 Curtin Richt 1877 the canonical
+BAeonCSBAfu-00342-00084914-00085251 significance of nomination Abbott 1878
+BAeonCSBAfu-00343-00085252-00085456 hergenrother 's works in the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00344-00085457-00085660 department's of church history and canon
+BAeonCSBAfu-00345-00085661-00085859 law and his firm attitude on the great
+BAeonCSBAfu-00346-00085860-00086090 ecclesiastical questions of the day one
+BAeonCSBAfu-00347-00086091-00086234 for him the confidence of all the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00348-00086235-00086440 bishops and Catholic scholars of Germany
+BAeonCSBAfu-00349-00086441-00086878 in 1877 Pius the 9th had recognised his
+BAeonCSBAfu-00350-00086879-00087082 services to the Vatican Council and the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00351-00087083-00087307 ecclesiastical sciences by making him a
+BAeonCSBAfu-00352-00087308-00087544 domestic prelate when leo xiii
+BAeonCSBAfu-00353-00087545-00087778 determined to open the Vatican archives
+BAeonCSBAfu-00354-00087779-00087985 to the scholars of the world he found in
+BAeonCSBAfu-00355-00087986-00088150 him the savin to whom he might safely
+BAeonCSBAfu-00356-00088151-00088372 entrust the practical execution of this
+BAeonCSBAfu-00357-00088373-00088636 generous act hergenrother was made
+BAeonCSBAfu-00358-00088637-00088876 Cardinal Deacon of san nicolo in carcere
+BAeonCSBAfu-00359-00088877-00089197 the 12th of May 1879 to the great joy of
+BAeonCSBAfu-00360-00089198-00089410 all German and particularly Bavarian
+BAeonCSBAfu-00361-00089411-00089662 Catholics at a later date he was
+BAeonCSBAfu-00362-00089663-00089968 transferred to Santa Maria in vallata he
+BAeonCSBAfu-00363-00089969-00090178 was also appointed Cardinal prefect of
+BAeonCSBAfu-00364-00090179-00090400 the Apostolic archives a new office
+BAeonCSBAfu-00365-00090401-00090584 which he was the first to fill and in
+BAeonCSBAfu-00366-00090585-00090694 which he was charged with the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00367-00090695-00090892 establishment of research work in the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00368-00090893-00091087 Vatican archives and the systematizing
+BAeonCSBAfu-00369-00091088-00091328 on scientific lines of scholarly work
+BAeonCSBAfu-00370-00091329-00091559 amid these rich treasures that he
+BAeonCSBAfu-00371-00091560-00091801 executed the views of leo xiii in a
+BAeonCSBAfu-00372-00091802-00092029 satisfactory and even generous manner is
+BAeonCSBAfu-00373-00092030-00092234 acknowledged by the numerous historical
+BAeonCSBAfu-00374-00092235-00092410 workers who have labored in the archives
+BAeonCSBAfu-00375-00092411-00092771 since 1879 hergenrother was also a
+BAeonCSBAfu-00376-00092772-00092977 member of several Roman congregations
+BAeonCSBAfu-00377-00092978-00093210 index studies and extraordinary
+BAeonCSBAfu-00378-00093211-00093440 ecclesiastical affairs and protector of
+BAeonCSBAfu-00379-00093441-00093691 several religious Institute's he
+BAeonCSBAfu-00380-00093692-00093901 undertook moreover to edit the official
+BAeonCSBAfu-00381-00093902-00094150 correspondence regista of Leo the tenth
+BAeonCSBAfu-00382-00094151-00094375 a rather thankless task and one of great
+BAeonCSBAfu-00383-00094376-00094552 difficulty because of the exceedingly
+BAeonCSBAfu-00384-00094553-00094810 bad handwriting of that day he was
+BAeonCSBAfu-00385-00094811-00094999 efficiently aided by his younger brother
+BAeonCSBAfu-00386-00095000-00095222 franz hergenrother who had accompanied
+BAeonCSBAfu-00387-00095223-00095443 him to rome before his death the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00388-00095444-00095605 Cardinal published eight parts our
+BAeonCSBAfu-00389-00095606-00095775 fascicular this extensive
+BAeonCSBAfu-00390-00095776-00096128 work leonis x pond max Amira Jesta
+BAeonCSBAfu-00391-00096129-00096612 volume.i Freiburg 1884 285 a small part
+BAeonCSBAfu-00392-00096613-00096759 of the second volume was brought out
+BAeonCSBAfu-00393-00096760-00097035 freiburg 1891 by his brother and fellow
+BAeonCSBAfu-00394-00097036-00097260 editor since which time the publication
+BAeonCSBAfu-00395-00097261-00097419 has ceased by reason of the latter's
+BAeonCSBAfu-00396-00097420-00097641 returned to wurtzburg as canon capítulo
+BAeonCSBAfu-00397-00097642-00097902 of the cathedral cardinal hergenrother
+BAeonCSBAfu-00398-00097903-00098097 undertook another work of the most
+BAeonCSBAfu-00399-00098098-00098343 exacting nature the continuation of carl
+BAeonCSBAfu-00400-00098344-00098577 josef von Heffel history of the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00401-00098578-00098820 council's two volumes of which he
+BAeonCSBAfu-00402-00098821-00099039 published before his death vol 8
+BAeonCSBAfu-00403-00099040-00099522 freiburg 1887 vol 9 1890 the latter
+BAeonCSBAfu-00404-00099523-00099744 volume contains the preliminary history
+BAeonCSBAfu-00405-00099745-00099933 of the Council of Trent and is also a
+BAeonCSBAfu-00406-00099934-00100227 history of the Lutheran Reformation he
+BAeonCSBAfu-00407-00100228-00100401 suffered much in the last years of his
+BAeonCSBAfu-00408-00100402-00100587 life as the result of an apoplectic
+BAeonCSBAfu-00409-00100588-00100767 attack which crippled him grievously
+BAeonCSBAfu-00410-00100768-00100929 though it did not affect the brightness
+BAeonCSBAfu-00411-00100930-00101178 and vigor of his intellect he was able
+BAeonCSBAfu-00412-00101179-00101367 to keep up his literary labors to the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00413-00101368-00101580 day of his death during the summer
+BAeonCSBAfu-00414-00101581-00101796 vacation of 1890 he took up his
+BAeonCSBAfu-00415-00101797-00101982 residence in the cistercian abbey of
+BAeonCSBAfu-00416-00101983-00102237 Mara on the bodensee the hospitality of
+BAeonCSBAfu-00417-00102238-00102434 which he had more than once enjoyed in
+BAeonCSBAfu-00418-00102435-00102690 this secluded spot he met with another
+BAeonCSBAfu-00419-00102691-00102986 apoplectic stroke and died he was laid
+BAeonCSBAfu-00420-00102988-00103205 to rest in the Church of the abbey in
+BAeonCSBAfu-00421-00103206-00103491 1897 a suitable monument was erected to
+BAeonCSBAfu-00422-00103492-00103716 his memory by his friends and dedicated
+BAeonCSBAfu-00423-00103717-00104016 the 25th of March he was a staunch
+BAeonCSBAfu-00424-00104017-00104269 supporter of the infallibility Dogma in
+BAeonCSBAfu-00425-00104270-00104490 1870 he wrote an tjanus
+BAeonCSBAfu-00426-00104491-00104700 an answer to the Pope in the council by
+BAeonCSBAfu-00427-00104701-00104943 Janus Ignasi on Dollinger and johann
+BAeonCSBAfu-00428-00104944-00105105 friedrich which made a great sensation
+BAeonCSBAfu-00429-00105106-00105513 at the time in 1877 he was made prelate
+BAeonCSBAfu-00430-00105514-00105681 of the papal household he became
+BAeonCSBAfu-00431-00105682-00105935 Cardinal deacon in 1879 and was
+BAeonCSBAfu-00432-00105936-00106133 afterwards made curator of the Vatican
+BAeonCSBAfu-00433-00106134-00106455 archives he died in morale a be near
+BAeonCSBAfu-00434-00106456-00106784 Bregenz in 1890 his portrait was
+BAeonCSBAfu-00435-00106785-00106968 apparently painted by the Swiss born
+BAeonCSBAfu-00436-00106969-00107289 American artist Adolfo Muller URI 1862
+BAeonCSBAfu-00437-00107290-00107574 to 1947 during the two years he spent
+BAeonCSBAfu-00438-00107575-00107933 studying in Italy 1882 to 1884 and was
+BAeonCSBAfu-00439-00107934-00108255 probably signed ad Muller its present
+BAeonCSBAfu-00440-00108256-00108672 whereabouts is unknown
+BAeonCSBAfu-00441-00108673-00109175 topic works
+BAeonCSBAfu-00442-00109176-00109547 topic of hergenrother x' other works the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00443-00109548-00109823 most important are his history of the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00444-00109824-00110027 papal States since the Revolution dirt
+BAeonCSBAfu-00445-00110028-00110231 curtains taught seat der Franz Ossetian
+BAeonCSBAfu-00446-00110232-00110693 revolution Freiburg I be 1860 fr trans
+BAeonCSBAfu-00447-00110694-00111080 Leipzig 1860 his great work on the
+BAeonCSBAfu-00448-00111081-00111293 relations of church and state Catholic
+BAeonCSBAfu-00449-00111294-00111464 Church and Chris liquor stott in
+BAeonCSBAfu-00450-00111465-00111683 irrigation ich Ihnen quickly owned in
+BAeonCSBAfu-00451-00111683-00111881 bezzie hung out frog endure gegen war
+BAeonCSBAfu-00452-00111882-00112359 two parts Freiburg I be 1872 second dead
+BAeonCSBAfu-00453-00112360-00112850 expanded 1876 and trans London 1876
+BAeonCSBAfu-00454-00112851-00113249 Baltimore 1889 his universal church
+BAeonCSBAfu-00455-00113250-00113447 history han victor allgemeinen ker
+BAeonCSBAfu-00456-00113448-00113908 changuk 3 Vols Freiburg I be 1876 to
+BAeonCSBAfu-00457-00113909-00114511 1880 2nd ed 1879 etc 3rd ed 1884 to 1886
+BAeonCSBAfu-00458-00114513-00114899 4th ed by Peter Kirsch 1902 etc French
+BAeonCSBAfu-00459-00114900-00115261 trans Paris 1880 etc he also found time
+BAeonCSBAfu-00460-00115263-00115445 for a while to edit the new edition of
+BAeonCSBAfu-00461-00115446-00115844 wet sir & welt' s curtain lexicon 1877
+BAeonCSBAfu-00462-00115845-00116081 to superintend the publication of part
+BAeonCSBAfu-00463-00116082-00116297 of the register of Pope Leo the 10th
+BAeonCSBAfu-00464-00116298-00116852 Freiburg I be 1884 to 1885 and to add 2
+BAeonCSBAfu-00465-00116853-00117203 volumes to Karl Josef von Hefele s
+BAeonCSBAfu-00466-00117204-00117865 Concilium Vasisht in 1887 and 1890
+BAeonCSBAfu-00467-00117866-00118358 topic notes
+BAeonCSBAfu-00468-00118358-00118747 topic
+BAeonCSBAfu-00469-00118748-00119265 topic references
+BAeonCSBAfu-00470-00119266-00119550 topic attribution this article
+BAeonCSBAfu-00471-00119551-00119810 incorporates text from a publication now
+BAeonCSBAfu-00472-00119811-00119931 in the public domain
+BAeonCSBAfu-00473-00119932-00120308 herbermann charles ii d 1913 Joseph her
+BAeonCSBAfu-00474-00120309-00120608 ganar Arthur Catholic Encyclopedia
+BAeonCSBAfu-00475-00120609-00120945 New York Robert Appleton this article
+BAeonCSBAfu-00476-00120946-00121158 incorporates text from a publication now
+BAeonCSBAfu-00477-00121158-00121302 in the public domain
+BAeonCSBAfu-00478-00121303-00121607 Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 hergenrother
+BAeonCSBAfu-00479-00121608-00121983 Joseph Vaughn Encyclopedia Britannica
+BAeonCSBAfu-00480-00121983-00122430 11th ed Cambridge University Press
+BALoLU0Ght0-00000-00000032-00000335 this is our website follow money.org uh
+BALoLU0Ght0-00001-00000336-00000582 as way a background we compile
+BALoLU0Ght0-00002-00000583-00000759 comprehensive state level campaign
+BALoLU0Ght0-00003-00000760-00000950 finance data as i said in my intro
+BALoLU0Ght0-00004-00000951-00001239 earlier that's every contributor record
+BALoLU0Ght0-00005-00001240-00001487 we go through 90 000 reports more than
+BALoLU0Ght0-00006-00001488-00001751 90 000 reports filed by each legislative
+BALoLU0Ght0-00007-00001752-00001975 statewide candidate political party
+BALoLU0Ght0-00008-00001976-00002183 committee or now we're doing ballot
+BALoLU0Ght0-00009-00002184-00002295 measures and some independent
+BALoLU0Ght0-00010-00002296-00002550 expenditure commits we input that data
+BALoLU0Ght0-00011-00002551-00002847 from electronic data from pbs we input
+BALoLU0Ght0-00012-00002848-00003191 it from paper in about half the space we
+BALoLU0Ght0-00013-00003192-00003390 audit our files so we are creating a
+BALoLU0Ght0-00014-00003392-00003535 verifiable
+BALoLU0Ght0-00015-00003536-00003743 treasure trove of information for
+BALoLU0Ght0-00016-00003744-00003983 everyone and to put in the plug most
+BALoLU0Ght0-00017-00003984-00004238 important for this group i think
+BALoLU0Ght0-00018-00004239-00004583 right now is under products and services
+BALoLU0Ght0-00019-00004584-00004895 uh you can see we have apis
+BALoLU0Ght0-00020-00004896-00005206 and you can build using our methods uh
+BALoLU0Ght0-00021-00005207-00005383 any of the information on our general
+BALoLU0Ght0-00022-00005384-00005615 website into your website we launched
+BALoLU0Ght0-00023-00005616-00005791 this just over a year ago and we have
+BALoLU0Ght0-00024-00005792-00006038 130 people have logged in and are now
+BALoLU0Ght0-00025-00006039-00006414 building our data into their 130 130
+BALoLU0Ght0-00026-00006415-00006575 different people have logged in about
+BALoLU0Ght0-00027-00006576-00006719 you know a quarter of those are doing
+BALoLU0Ght0-00028-00006720-00006967 meaningful stuff newspapers project
+BALoLU0Ght0-00029-00006968-00007263 votesmart was a pilot that we launched
+BALoLU0Ght0-00030-00007264-00007383 and they have
+BALoLU0Ght0-00031-00007384-00007639 several million hits already
+BALoLU0Ght0-00032-00007640-00007783 the
+BALoLU0Ght0-00033-00007784-00008006 what we obviously have a
+BALoLU0Ght0-00034-00008008-00008207 very big challenge ahead of us
+BALoLU0Ght0-00035-00008208-00008342 presenting the information in a way
+BALoLU0Ght0-00036-00008343-00008678 that's useful to people our general
+BALoLU0Ght0-00037-00008679-00008895 approach is to just throw information
+BALoLU0Ght0-00038-00008896-00009159 out there and let people start clicking
+BALoLU0Ght0-00039-00009160-00009359 through it we answer the basic questions
+BALoLU0Ght0-00040-00009360-00009567 about the institute or about the
+BALoLU0Ght0-00041-00009568-00009759 information the states
+BALoLU0Ght0-00042-00009760-00010039 in general list like everybody else out
+BALoLU0Ght0-00043-00010040-00010342 there and so this is one of the
+BALoLU0Ght0-00044-00010343-00010895 places that you get top contributors
+BALoLU0Ght0-00045-00010896-00011191 i'm going to skip ahead here real quick
+BALoLU0Ght0-00046-00011192-00011383 economic sector breakdowns if you want
+BALoLU0Ght0-00047-00011384-00011551 to find out
+BALoLU0Ght0-00048-00011552-00011646 who
+BALoLU0Ght0-00049-00011647-00011767 gave data
+BALoLU0Ght0-00050-00011768-00012038 or gave contributions if you want to
+BALoLU0Ght0-00051-00012039-00012183 find out which is
+BALoLU0Ght0-00052-00012184-00012351 this is at the state level yes this is
+BALoLU0Ght0-00053-00012352-00012495 we're a sister organization to the
+BALoLU0Ght0-00054-00012496-00012670 center for response to politics so our
+BALoLU0Ght0-00055-00012671-00012886 coding matches theirs if you want to do
+BALoLU0Ght0-00056-00012887-00013086 a top-down analysis
+BALoLU0Ght0-00057-00013087-00013247 you can actually get into looking at the
+BALoLU0Ght0-00058-00013247-00013422 specific contributors
+BALoLU0Ght0-00059-00013423-00013679 via that site over there
+BALoLU0Ght0-00060-00013680-00013830 i didn't want to go there
+BALoLU0Ght0-00061-00013831-00014047 not to waste any more information
+BALoLU0Ght0-00062-00014047-00014238 anytime on that
+BALoLU0Ght0-00063-00014240-00014399 one of the things we've started doing is
+BALoLU0Ght0-00064-00014400-00014630 the visualizing the data in a way that
+BALoLU0Ght0-00065-00014631-00014855 answers specific questions we had a
+BALoLU0Ght0-00066-00014856-00015015 question about how many districts in the
+BALoLU0Ght0-00067-00015016-00015238 country are competitive at legislative
+BALoLU0Ght0-00068-00015240-00015471 level it's about 25 percent or actually
+BALoLU0Ght0-00069-00015472-00015703 what you'd call competitive this map
+BALoLU0Ght0-00070-00015704-00015958 lets you look at that go into a state do
+BALoLU0Ght0-00071-00015959-00016175 a breakdown and actually look within the
+BALoLU0Ght0-00072-00016176-00016335 districts to find out whether they're
+BALoLU0Ght0-00073-00016336-00016479 competitive or not
+BALoLU0Ght0-00074-00016480-00016727 we do some nice little pop-ups
+BALoLU0Ght0-00075-00016728-00016911 for that the other tool that we put
+BALoLU0Ght0-00076-00016912-00017207 together our first attempt at a
+BALoLU0Ght0-00077-00017208-00017463 visual tools or the pulse
+BALoLU0Ght0-00078-00017464-00017703 uh scatter plot
+BALoLU0Ght0-00079-00017704-00017903 we're we're using the visual analysis
+BALoLU0Ght0-00080-00017904-00018150 with the idea that we'll be able to
+BALoLU0Ght0-00081-00018151-00018422 uh eventually start visualizing policy
+BALoLU0Ght0-00082-00018423-00018655 analysis look at a policy and say okay
+BALoLU0Ght0-00083-00018656-00018863 does this work or doesn't work in this
+BALoLU0Ght0-00084-00018864-00019086 case the best example
+BALoLU0Ght0-00085-00019087-00019286 is arizona where they did a clean money
+BALoLU0Ght0-00086-00019287-00019550 reform political reform and if you look
+BALoLU0Ght0-00087-00019551-00019639 at
+BALoLU0Ght0-00088-00019640-00019943 arizona all sectors back in
+BALoLU0Ght0-00089-00019944-00020063 98
+BALoLU0Ght0-00090-00020064-00020311 you get a nice little
+BALoLU0Ght0-00091-00020312-00020519 scatter plot that looks like that
+BALoLU0Ght0-00092-00020520-00020767 uh blue red or the obvious the hollow
+BALoLU0Ght0-00093-00020768-00021086 buttons are incumbents the medians the
+BALoLU0Ght0-00094-00021087-00021263 top is the winner's median the lower is
+BALoLU0Ght0-00095-00021264-00021486 the loser's median and there are pop-ups
+BALoLU0Ght0-00096-00021487-00021599 on all this that show you so there's
+BALoLU0Ght0-00097-00021600-00021822 hollow buttons on the incoming incumbent
+BALoLU0Ght0-00098-00021823-00022086 ones across the board across the board
+BALoLU0Ght0-00099-00022087-00022311 really scattered uh contributions you
+BALoLU0Ght0-00100-00022312-00022455 click on one of these you will actually
+BALoLU0Ght0-00101-00022456-00022527 get
+BALoLU0Ght0-00102-00022528-00022622 there
+BALoLU0Ght0-00103-00022623-00022999 but now if we click ahead in time 2006
+BALoLU0Ght0-00104-00023000-00023214 you can see the effects after a clean
+BALoLU0Ght0-00105-00023215-00023422 money reform redistricting also in term
+BALoLU0Ght0-00106-00023423-00023647 limits but you see how your median came
+BALoLU0Ght0-00107-00023648-00023871 together so in this case we're looking
+BALoLU0Ght0-00108-00023872-00024111 at using the data putting in a visual
+BALoLU0Ght0-00109-00024112-00024303 you know a special tool that lets you
+BALoLU0Ght0-00110-00024304-00024607 answer a very specific policy question
+BALoLU0Ght0-00111-00024608-00024855 and i start thinking of things like
+BALoLU0Ght0-00112-00024856-00025150 you know school lunches
+BALoLU0Ght0-00113-00025151-00025662 now i've done it
+BALoLU0Ght0-00114-00025663-00025870 no leave it there okay let's let's skip
+BALoLU0Ght0-00115-00025872-00026087 ahead because that's follow the money
+BALoLU0Ght0-00116-00026088-00026223 down to work there's all kinds of stuff
+BALoLU0Ght0-00117-00026224-00026431 there i don't want to belabor the point
+BALoLU0Ght0-00118-00026432-00026727 um we are moving into the world of apis
+BALoLU0Ght0-00119-00026727-00026990 ourselves this one here is a matter of
+BALoLU0Ght0-00120-00026991-00027167 hours old and
+BALoLU0Ght0-00121-00027168-00027431 you're not exactly sworn to secrecy but
+BALoLU0Ght0-00122-00027432-00027599 it'll be under a different url after the
+BALoLU0Ght0-00123-00027600-00027814 first year we'll launch this this is
+BALoLU0Ght0-00124-00027816-00028031 matching our contribution data with
+BALoLU0Ght0-00125-00028032-00028270 project votesmart's information project
+BALoLU0Ght0-00126-00028272-00028479 votesmart compiles candid biographical
+BALoLU0Ght0-00127-00028480-00028670 information voting information
+BALoLU0Ght0-00128-00028672-00028790 committees
+BALoLU0Ght0-00129-00028791-00029039 speeches all kinds of stuff so you can
+BALoLU0Ght0-00130-00029039-00029270 go to all 50 states in this case i'm
+BALoLU0Ght0-00131-00029272-00029470 going to go to illinois and say show me
+BALoLU0Ght0-00132-00029472-00029823 which committees are active in illinois
+BALoLU0Ght0-00133-00029824-00030014 reach out to
+BALoLU0Ght0-00134-00030016-00030287 this and the idea here is that
+BALoLU0Ght0-00135-00030288-00030495 90 of the legislation that comes down
+BALoLU0Ght0-00136-00030495-00030599 the pike
+BALoLU0Ght0-00137-00030600-00030799 in any particular state
+BALoLU0Ght0-00138-00030800-00031207 is killed or approved extensively in
+BALoLU0Ght0-00139-00031208-00031470 committee so we wanted to do a committee
+BALoLU0Ght0-00140-00031472-00031623 analysis tool
+BALoLU0Ght0-00141-00031624-00031951 that lets people look at the committee
+BALoLU0Ght0-00142-00031952-00032287 so using votesmart's committee database
+BALoLU0Ght0-00143-00032288-00033174 our campaign finance database
+BALoLU0Ght0-00144-00033175-00033359 you're able to see this is these are the
+BALoLU0Ght0-00145-00033360-00033495 committee members
+BALoLU0Ght0-00146-00033496-00033711 with the total amounts they raised their
+BALoLU0Ght0-00147-00033712-00033951 designation where they came from and the
+BALoLU0Ght0-00148-00033952-00034167 top contributors to the committee
+BALoLU0Ght0-00149-00034168-00034302 aggregated
+BALoLU0Ght0-00150-00034303-00034439 now in this case because it's the
+BALoLU0Ght0-00151-00034440-00034615 insurance committee they'll say okay how
+BALoLU0Ght0-00152-00034616-00034887 many of these contributors were from
+BALoLU0Ght0-00153-00034888-00035159 insurance or in this case a more general
+BALoLU0Ght0-00154-00035160-00035431 sector finance insurance real estate
+BALoLU0Ght0-00155-00035432-00035718 and you now see the sector numbers
+BALoLU0Ght0-00156-00035719-00035911 here filling in compared to the numbers
+BALoLU0Ght0-00157-00035912-00036159 that they raise total and then the top
+BALoLU0Ght0-00158-00036160-00036327 contributors to the committee not
+BALoLU0Ght0-00159-00036328-00036471 surprisingly
+BALoLU0Ght0-00160-00036472-00036655 insurance companies are right up there
+BALoLU0Ght0-00161-00036656-00036790 those are the topics so the illinois
+BALoLU0Ght0-00162-00036791-00036959 realtor association
+BALoLU0Ght0-00163-00036960-00037199 well this has been treasure
+BALoLU0Ght0-00164-00037200-00037511 across all members of the community
+BALoLU0Ght0-00165-00037512-00037727 in the campaign in the finance insurance
+BALoLU0Ght0-00166-00037728-00037999 and real estate sector now let me i
+BALoLU0Ght0-00167-00038000-00038143 could spend a lot of time explaining
+BALoLU0Ght0-00168-00038144-00038302 this but this is because this was
+BALoLU0Ght0-00169-00038303-00038527 looking at functionality could we create
+BALoLU0Ght0-00170-00038528-00038751 an api that said give me the committee
+BALoLU0Ght0-00171-00038752-00038902 list and combine it with our campaign
+BALoLU0Ght0-00172-00038903-00039118 finance data what we'll eventually be
+BALoLU0Ght0-00173-00039119-00039335 able to do and i'll wrap up by talking
+BALoLU0Ght0-00174-00039336-00039551 about the future is taking this tool
+BALoLU0Ght0-00175-00039552-00039735 instead of looking at a general sector
+BALoLU0Ght0-00176-00039736-00039911 that lumps finance insurance into real
+BALoLU0Ght0-00177-00039912-00040095 estate you'll be able to select just
+BALoLU0Ght0-00178-00040096-00040207 insurance
+BALoLU0Ght0-00179-00040208-00040430 we'll be able to select just
+BALoLU0Ght0-00180-00040431-00040735 the illinois insurance association and
+BALoLU0Ght0-00181-00040736-00040927 find out if they gave contributions to
+BALoLU0Ght0-00182-00040928-00041039 this committee
+BALoLU0Ght0-00183-00041040-00041246 we're right now building a database of
+BALoLU0Ght0-00184-00041247-00041455 lobbyists state-level lobbyists and
+BALoLU0Ght0-00185-00041456-00041695 their clients in all 50 states you'll be
+BALoLU0Ght0-00186-00041696-00041823 able to click a button here that said
+BALoLU0Ght0-00187-00041824-00042039 how much did lobbyists give and you'll
+BALoLU0Ght0-00188-00042040-00042246 get the lobbyists contributions to these
+BALoLU0Ght0-00189-00042247-00042455 people any one of these names you can
+BALoLU0Ght0-00190-00042456-00042599 click on and go back and find that
+BALoLU0Ght0-00191-00042600-00042823 information or find deeper information
+BALoLU0Ght0-00192-00042824-00042935 about them
+BALoLU0Ght0-00193-00042936-00043174 the next step from that that's going to
+BALoLU0Ght0-00194-00043175-00043351 be happening just after the first of the
+BALoLU0Ght0-00195-00043352-00043646 year is an earmarked contracts vendors
+BALoLU0Ght0-00196-00043647-00044055 database 26 statements in 26 states the
+BALoLU0Ght0-00197-00044056-00044279 contractor vendor data is available
+BALoLU0Ght0-00198-00044280-00044535 about 11 of those is in good quality we
+BALoLU0Ght0-00199-00044536-00044718 would like to go out computerize that
+BALoLU0Ght0-00200-00044719-00044935 link it and make it so that you get to
+BALoLU0Ght0-00201-00044936-00045167 see when someone testifies in front of a
+BALoLU0Ght0-00202-00045168-00045318 committee and you see who their lobbyist
+BALoLU0Ght0-00203-00045319-00045495 is you can see if then they had a
+BALoLU0Ght0-00204-00045496-00045735 contract or a
+BALoLU0Ght0-00205-00045736-00045862 vendors
+BALoLU0Ght0-00206-00045863-00046007 got a check
+BALoLU0Ght0-00207-00046008-00046199 so this is this is the institute
+BALoLU0Ght0-00208-00046200-00046390 breaking down as many barriers as we can
+BALoLU0Ght0-00209-00046391-00046623 to this very detailed information at a
+BALoLU0Ght0-00210-00046624-00046918 wholesale level we we promote groups
+BALoLU0Ght0-00211-00046919-00047158 like what dan's doing at map light
+BALoLU0Ght0-00212-00047159-00047390 because it's the last mile where the
+BALoLU0Ght0-00213-00047391-00047599 local knowledge is most valuable we can
+BALoLU0Ght0-00214-00047600-00047839 never fill that in would never want to
+BALoLU0Ght0-00215-00047840-00048030 groups like dan that are taking it and
+BALoLU0Ght0-00216-00048031-00048199 on the next link here input a bill
+BALoLU0Ght0-00217-00048200-00048407 number and say where did that which
+BALoLU0Ght0-00218-00048408-00048599 committees did that bill go through you
+BALoLU0Ght0-00219-00048600-00048767 know and start tracking it backwards
+BALoLU0Ght0-00220-00048768-00048918 it's where we want to go so
+BALoLU0Ght0-00221-00048919-00049223 that's uh questions
+BALoLU0Ght0-00222-00049224-00049540 thank you
+BBbgcI27cak-00000-00000128-00000447 laura and laura van
+BBbgcI27cak-00001-00000448-00000790 introduction so what is key learning of
+BBbgcI27cak-00002-00000791-00000966 this part
+BBbgcI27cak-00003-00000967-00001366 we'll go through the lauravan elements
+BBbgcI27cak-00004-00001367-00001695 because laura as a physical layer
+BBbgcI27cak-00005-00001696-00002047 as a modulation it is not lauravan
+BBbgcI27cak-00006-00002048-00002350 laura it is a component it is a
+BBbgcI27cak-00007-00002351-00002687 an element of the loravan so we will go
+BBbgcI27cak-00008-00002688-00002767 through a lot of
+BBbgcI27cak-00009-00002768-00003047 elements then we will discuss we'll
+BBbgcI27cak-00010-00003048-00003231 consider the link budget
+BBbgcI27cak-00011-00003232-00003375 the range of the distance of
+BBbgcI27cak-00012-00003376-00003535 communication
+BBbgcI27cak-00013-00003536-00003847 then the basic lora
+BBbgcI27cak-00014-00003847-00004199 rf features then we'll discuss
+BBbgcI27cak-00015-00004200-00004519 lora classes we have three different
+BBbgcI27cak-00016-00004520-00004631 classes
+BBbgcI27cak-00017-00004632-00004975 of the operation mode then
+BBbgcI27cak-00018-00004976-00005279 protocol stack overview
+BBbgcI27cak-00019-00005280-00005654 and important part endnote
+BBbgcI27cak-00020-00005655-00005934 network activation procedures we have
+BBbgcI27cak-00021-00005935-00006151 two procedures
+BBbgcI27cak-00022-00006152-00006406 and practical part the certification
+BBbgcI27cak-00023-00006408-00006623 flow
+BBbgcI27cak-00024-00006623-00007031 what is lorawan lauravan it is not only
+BBbgcI27cak-00025-00007031-00007167 the radio
+BBbgcI27cak-00026-00007168-00007478 radio is only here
+BBbgcI27cak-00027-00007479-00007934 we have four layers of the system
+BBbgcI27cak-00028-00007936-00008199 end point so this is the water meter or
+BBbgcI27cak-00029-00008200-00008391 flow meter whatever
+BBbgcI27cak-00030-00008392-00008695 and it is so called device
+BBbgcI27cak-00031-00008696-00009014 or in old worlding
+BBbgcI27cak-00032-00009015-00009391 you can meet the world mode
+BBbgcI27cak-00033-00009392-00009703 mode m-o-t-e mode
+BBbgcI27cak-00034-00009704-00010087 means really basic part of something of
+BBbgcI27cak-00035-00010088-00010238 of substance
+BBbgcI27cak-00036-00010239-00010574 really elementary part of substance
+BBbgcI27cak-00037-00010575-00010919 so note or mode or end point point or
+BBbgcI27cak-00038-00010920-00010991 device
+BBbgcI27cak-00039-00010992-00011383 this is the wording then we have gateway
+BBbgcI27cak-00040-00011384-00011431 and the
+BBbgcI27cak-00041-00011432-00011767 sufficient function of the gateway is to
+BBbgcI27cak-00042-00011768-00011806 be
+BBbgcI27cak-00043-00011807-00012110 a pipe bit pipe that's all
+BBbgcI27cak-00044-00012111-00012446 there is no brain behind the gateway
+BBbgcI27cak-00045-00012447-00012751 all the intelligence of the network
+BBbgcI27cak-00046-00012752-00013079 is hidden behind network server so
+BBbgcI27cak-00047-00013080-00013391 network server decides which
+BBbgcI27cak-00048-00013391-00013727 gateway will be selected to send
+BBbgcI27cak-00049-00013728-00014063 data to the endnote and
+BBbgcI27cak-00050-00014063-00014294 the same in the upping direction the
+BBbgcI27cak-00051-00014295-00014471 network server decides
+BBbgcI27cak-00052-00014472-00014751 from which gateway take the message from
+BBbgcI27cak-00053-00014752-00014791 the
+BBbgcI27cak-00054-00014791-00015094 mode and the highest layer
+BBbgcI27cak-00055-00015095-00015358 the application server so in fact the
+BBbgcI27cak-00056-00015359-00015503 application server
+BBbgcI27cak-00057-00015504-00015799 is the application which is seen by end
+BBbgcI27cak-00058-00015800-00015871 customer
+BBbgcI27cak-00059-00015872-00016199 by i don't know utility company so
+BBbgcI27cak-00060-00016200-00016430 here we have laura physical layer lora
+BBbgcI27cak-00061-00016431-00016550 modulation
+BBbgcI27cak-00062-00016551-00016855 here we have ipconnection
+BBbgcI27cak-00063-00016856-00017086 and the same here we can have a ip
+BBbgcI27cak-00064-00017087-00017286 connection or it can be implemented on
+BBbgcI27cak-00065-00017287-00017350 the
+BBbgcI27cak-00066-00017351-00017583 on the physical machine or it can be
+BBbgcI27cak-00067-00017584-00017711 implemented as
+BBbgcI27cak-00068-00017712-00018039 as virtual servers it depends on ite
+BBbgcI27cak-00069-00018040-00018327 experts but here we have ip connection
+BBbgcI27cak-00070-00018328-00018407 like
+BBbgcI27cak-00071-00018408-00018783 3g like wi-fi optical fiber
+BBbgcI27cak-00072-00018784-00019086 whatever lean budget the beginners for
+BBbgcI27cak-00073-00019087-00019158 the lora
+BBbgcI27cak-00074-00019159-00019447 quite often asks about the range the
+BBbgcI27cak-00075-00019448-00019614 distance of the communication
+BBbgcI27cak-00076-00019615-00019950 i have very attract examples for that
+BBbgcI27cak-00077-00019951-00020286 one example is that one of the
+BBbgcI27cak-00078-00020287-00020511 lora network integrator during the
+BBbgcI27cak-00079-00020512-00020735 travel from germany to china
+BBbgcI27cak-00080-00020736-00020927 they check in the luggage and they
+BBbgcI27cak-00081-00020928-00021230 forgot to switch off the lora module
+BBbgcI27cak-00082-00021231-00021567 and the lora model went to the aircraft
+BBbgcI27cak-00083-00021568-00021871 and when they landed in china they
+BBbgcI27cak-00084-00021872-00021983 realized
+BBbgcI27cak-00085-00021984-00022311 that the it was a transmission between
+BBbgcI27cak-00086-00022312-00022463 the lora module
+BBbgcI27cak-00087-00022464-00022847 inside the the aircraft and the
+BBbgcI27cak-00088-00022848-00023094 lora gateway in berlin the distance of
+BBbgcI27cak-00089-00023095-00023183 communication
+BBbgcI27cak-00090-00023184-00023486 was 113 kilometers
+BBbgcI27cak-00091-00023487-00023830 with poor antenna and with layers of the
+BBbgcI27cak-00092-00023831-00023975 metal layers of the
+BBbgcI27cak-00093-00023976-00024303 aircraft itself so this is the one
+BBbgcI27cak-00094-00024304-00024591 example but of course the gateway in
+BBbgcI27cak-00095-00024592-00024663 berlin
+BBbgcI27cak-00096-00024664-00024919 is very well located because it is on
+BBbgcI27cak-00097-00024920-00025022 the top of this
+BBbgcI27cak-00098-00025023-00025367 tv tower a very characteristic building
+BBbgcI27cak-00099-00025368-00025670 in berlin with ball
+BBbgcI27cak-00100-00025672-00025950 and the second example is the
+BBbgcI27cak-00101-00025951-00026055 communication
+BBbgcI27cak-00102-00026056-00026358 between the base station the gateway and
+BBbgcI27cak-00103-00026360-00026414 the
+BBbgcI27cak-00104-00026416-00026718 lora mode on the balloon
+BBbgcI27cak-00105-00026719-00027039 in alps and the distance was longer than
+BBbgcI27cak-00106-00027039-00027095 one
+BBbgcI27cak-00107-00027095-00027414 thousand kilometers but
+BBbgcI27cak-00108-00027416-00027711 those two examples are theoretical
+BBbgcI27cak-00109-00027712-00027846 because in practice
+BBbgcI27cak-00110-00027847-00028231 the distance is smaller
+BBbgcI27cak-00111-00028232-00028583 okay so let's do not talk about
+BBbgcI27cak-00112-00028583-00028687 kilometers
+BBbgcI27cak-00113-00028688-00028999 meters if we consider the
+BBbgcI27cak-00114-00029000-00029462 range of communication the only point
+BBbgcI27cak-00115-00029463-00029767 we can consider it is the link budget
+BBbgcI27cak-00116-00029768-00029999 this is the real value and real points
+BBbgcI27cak-00117-00030000-00030135 to analyze
+BBbgcI27cak-00118-00030136-00030414 what is linked budget what are the
+BBbgcI27cak-00119-00030416-00030535 components of the link
+BBbgcI27cak-00120-00030536-00030790 budget this is the output of the
+BBbgcI27cak-00121-00030791-00030887 transmitter
+BBbgcI27cak-00122-00030888-00031183 fixed we cannot increase the output
+BBbgcI27cak-00123-00031183-00031318 power
+BBbgcI27cak-00124-00031319-00031574 at infinity it is fixed it is by
+BBbgcI27cak-00125-00031575-00031799 regulation by hardware etc
+BBbgcI27cak-00126-00031800-00032079 then we have antenna gain it is also
+BBbgcI27cak-00127-00032080-00032327 fixed we select that particular antenna
+BBbgcI27cak-00128-00032327-00032487 and there is no discussion there is
+BBbgcI27cak-00129-00032488-00032639 particular gain
+BBbgcI27cak-00130-00032639-00032895 then we have gain of the receiver
+BBbgcI27cak-00131-00032896-00032967 antenna
+BBbgcI27cak-00132-00032968-00033135 let's say gateway antenna we also
+BBbgcI27cak-00133-00033136-00033367 selected particular antenna
+BBbgcI27cak-00134-00033368-00033727 there is no discussion so it is fixed
+BBbgcI27cak-00135-00033728-00034031 the sensitivity of the receiver
+BBbgcI27cak-00136-00034032-00034367 this can be influenced somehow so what
+BBbgcI27cak-00137-00034368-00034543 is the conclusion
+BBbgcI27cak-00138-00034544-00034855 we can influence the the link budget but
+BBbgcI27cak-00139-00034856-00035083 maximizing the sensitivity of the
+BBbgcI27cak-00140-00035084-00035302 receiver
+BBbgcI27cak-00141-00035303-00035590 so let's consider the sensitivity of the
+BBbgcI27cak-00142-00035591-00035783 receiver the ingredients the
+BBbgcI27cak-00143-00035784-00035959 the components which influence the
+BBbgcI27cak-00144-00035960-00036167 sensitivity
+BBbgcI27cak-00145-00036168-00036471 this is the big bank power so called
+BBbgcI27cak-00146-00036472-00036607 background noise
+BBbgcI27cak-00147-00036608-00036918 then we have 10 decimal logarithms
+BBbgcI27cak-00148-00036919-00037279 of data rate in bit per second
+BBbgcI27cak-00149-00037280-00037583 then we have signal to noise ratio
+BBbgcI27cak-00150-00037584-00037799 and then we have noise factor of the
+BBbgcI27cak-00151-00037800-00037911 receiver itself
+BBbgcI27cak-00152-00037912-00038246 and again let's analyze signal-to-noise
+BBbgcI27cak-00153-00038247-00038390 ratio is limited by the
+BBbgcI27cak-00154-00038391-00038671 channel capacity so let's say it is
+BBbgcI27cak-00155-00038672-00038759 fixed
+BBbgcI27cak-00156-00038760-00039039 noise floor of the receiver it is
+BBbgcI27cak-00157-00039040-00039127 defined by
+BBbgcI27cak-00158-00039128-00039367 design of the hardware by the design of
+BBbgcI27cak-00159-00039368-00039479 the front end fixed
+BBbgcI27cak-00160-00039480-00039807 again the noise power density the the
+BBbgcI27cak-00161-00039808-00039943 background noise
+BBbgcI27cak-00162-00039944-00040367 is fixed we cannot change the physics
+BBbgcI27cak-00163-00040368-00040695 so the only degree of freedom the only
+BBbgcI27cak-00164-00040696-00040751 point
+BBbgcI27cak-00165-00040752-00041135 to discuss to tune is the data rate
+BBbgcI27cak-00166-00041136-00041430 so we can maximize the sensitivity by
+BBbgcI27cak-00167-00041431-00041623 lowering data rate
+BBbgcI27cak-00168-00041624-00041830 that's the cost of the big distance of
+BBbgcI27cak-00169-00041831-00041974 communication
+BBbgcI27cak-00170-00041975-00042311 and this is the chart so as you can see
+BBbgcI27cak-00171-00042312-00042590 the the lower data rate the data rate is
+BBbgcI27cak-00172-00042591-00042623 here
+BBbgcI27cak-00173-00042624-00042911 on the x axis this is 10 in power of
+BBbgcI27cak-00174-00042912-00042958 zero
+BBbgcI27cak-00175-00042959-00043143 one bit per second the better
+BBbgcI27cak-00176-00043144-00043295 sensitivity
+BBbgcI27cak-00177-00043296-00043583 key message you can reach expected
+BBbgcI27cak-00178-00043584-00043758 distance of communication
+BBbgcI27cak-00179-00043759-00044071 but the cost is the data rate and what
+BBbgcI27cak-00180-00044072-00044239 is the cost of the data rate
+BBbgcI27cak-00181-00044240-00044639 one word energy we are coming back to
+BBbgcI27cak-00182-00044640-00044687 the
+BBbgcI27cak-00183-00044688-00044958 modulation so spread spectrum chirp
+BBbgcI27cak-00184-00044959-00045183 modulation so cyclic shift
+BBbgcI27cak-00185-00045184-00045630 from f0 to f1 then from f1 to f0
+BBbgcI27cak-00186-00045631-00045887 patented modulation so we don't know the
+BBbgcI27cak-00187-00045888-00046087 details
+BBbgcI27cak-00188-00046088-00046367 information is in shift of the direction
+BBbgcI27cak-00189-00046368-00046486 of population
+BBbgcI27cak-00190-00046487-00046799 we have half duplex so the
+BBbgcI27cak-00191-00046800-00047023 communication is bidirectional but we
+BBbgcI27cak-00192-00047024-00047167 have half duplex
+BBbgcI27cak-00193-00047168-00047471 we have frequency hoping but not so
+BBbgcI27cak-00194-00047472-00047686 advanced in europe we have three
+BBbgcI27cak-00195-00047687-00047967 channels we can use frequency hoping to
+BBbgcI27cak-00196-00047968-00048230 to fulfill the duty cycle limitation
+BBbgcI27cak-00197-00048231-00048318 it's
+BBbgcI27cak-00198-00048319-00048702 the free band in europe 868 megahertz
+BBbgcI27cak-00199-00048703-00048918 so well known to you like wireless
+BBbgcI27cak-00200-00048919-00049127 embassy
+BBbgcI27cak-00201-00049128-00049551 915 in u.s the power limitation is
+BBbgcI27cak-00202-00049552-00049886 14 dbms in europe in u.s a little bit
+BBbgcI27cak-00203-00049887-00049990 more
+BBbgcI27cak-00204-00049991-00050271 and duty cycle is limitation is one
+BBbgcI27cak-00205-00050272-00050439 percent
+BBbgcI27cak-00206-00050440-00050671 the the integration period for the duty
+BBbgcI27cak-00207-00050672-00050743 cycle is
+BBbgcI27cak-00208-00050744-00051230 is one hour 60 minutes 3600 seconds
+BBbgcI27cak-00209-00051232-00051526 and one percent of duty cycle limitation
+BBbgcI27cak-00210-00051527-00051702 means that we can continuously
+BBbgcI27cak-00211-00051703-00052102 transmit data for 36 seconds
+BBbgcI27cak-00212-00052103-00052311 this feature is automatically controlled
+BBbgcI27cak-00213-00052312-00052471 by protocol stack
+BBbgcI27cak-00214-00052472-00052791 and practical hint for you to switch off
+BBbgcI27cak-00215-00052791-00052903 this feature
+BBbgcI27cak-00216-00052904-00053207 for the development stage because it is
+BBbgcI27cak-00217-00053208-00053279 annoying
+BBbgcI27cak-00218-00053279-00053519 you are testing something you need to
+BBbgcI27cak-00219-00053520-00053638 you need to have
+BBbgcI27cak-00220-00053639-00053894 quite frequent transmission because of
+BBbgcI27cak-00221-00053895-00053991 testing
+BBbgcI27cak-00222-00053991-00054191 and the duty cycle feature of protocol
+BBbgcI27cak-00223-00054191-00054311 stack can
+BBbgcI27cak-00224-00054312-00054687 stop your transmission this cable is
+BBbgcI27cak-00225-00054688-00054999 very nice to catch the distance of
+BBbgcI27cak-00226-00055000-00055182 communication details
+BBbgcI27cak-00227-00055183-00055463 following the spreading factor as you
+BBbgcI27cak-00228-00055464-00055550 can see here
+BBbgcI27cak-00229-00055551-00055791 for the spreading because for in europe
+BBbgcI27cak-00230-00055791-00055991 we are using spreading factor from
+BBbgcI27cak-00231-00055991-00056407 7 to 12. so from 128
+BBbgcI27cak-00232-00056408-00056671 chips per symbol up to 4k chips per
+BBbgcI27cak-00233-00056672-00056775 symbol
+BBbgcI27cak-00234-00056776-00057071 for spreading factor 7 we have very nice
+BBbgcI27cak-00235-00057072-00057191 bitrate
+BBbgcI27cak-00236-00057191-00057438 more than much more than 5 kilobits per
+BBbgcI27cak-00237-00057439-00057575 second
+BBbgcI27cak-00238-00057576-00057894 but the sensitivity of the receiver
+BBbgcI27cak-00239-00057895-00058382 is fsk like so there is no difference
+BBbgcI27cak-00240-00058383-00058671 there is no added value comparing to fsk
+BBbgcI27cak-00241-00058672-00058759 comparing to
+BBbgcI27cak-00242-00058760-00059023 wireless mbus so so i expect the
+BBbgcI27cak-00243-00059024-00059087 distance
+BBbgcI27cak-00244-00059088-00059263 the comparable distance of commanding
+BBbgcI27cak-00245-00059264-00059407 communication for
+BBbgcI27cak-00246-00059408-00059694 spreading factor seven for the spreading
+BBbgcI27cak-00247-00059695-00059742 factor
+BBbgcI27cak-00248-00059744-00059991 maximum spreading factor allowed in
+BBbgcI27cak-00249-00059991-00060087 europe
+BBbgcI27cak-00250-00060088-00060603 12 we have very nice sensitivity
+BBbgcI27cak-00251-00060604-00060838 136 dbms but
+BBbgcI27cak-00252-00060839-00061135 the data rate dramatically drops down to
+BBbgcI27cak-00253-00061136-00061326 250 bits per second
+BBbgcI27cak-00254-00061327-00061606 so please be aware of this feature so
+BBbgcI27cak-00255-00061607-00061726 this is the
+BBbgcI27cak-00256-00061727-00061999 this is the discharge this theoretical
+BBbgcI27cak-00257-00062000-00062094 chart
+BBbgcI27cak-00258-00062095-00062399 in practice in real life this is the
+BBbgcI27cak-00259-00062400-00062511 indicative
+BBbgcI27cak-00260-00062512-00062719 basic data rate we need to consider the
+BBbgcI27cak-00261-00062720-00062887 protocol overhead
+BBbgcI27cak-00262-00062888-00063247 so the so the practical data rate drops
+BBbgcI27cak-00263-00063248-00063654 more down to i don't know 150
+BBbgcI27cak-00264-00063655-00063975 bits per second because the overhead is
+BBbgcI27cak-00265-00063976-00064271 30 40 percent depends on the on the
+BBbgcI27cak-00266-00064272-00064482 forward error correction
+BBbgcI27cak-00267-00064483-00064766 ratio and again basics
+BBbgcI27cak-00268-00064767-00065015 for better understanding the chip rate
+BBbgcI27cak-00269-00065016-00065079 it is
+BBbgcI27cak-00270-00065079-00065279 multiplication by doing power of
+BBbgcI27cak-00271-00065279-00065406 spreading factor
+BBbgcI27cak-00272-00065407-00065759 multiplied by bitrate bandwidth
+BBbgcI27cak-00273-00065760-00066159 in practice we have 125 to 250
+BBbgcI27cak-00274-00066160-00066591 and 500 kilohertz in europe we have 125.
+BBbgcI27cak-00275-00066592-00066894 narrowing the band will increase the
+BBbgcI27cak-00276-00066895-00066991 sensitivity
+BBbgcI27cak-00277-00066992-00067167 of the receiver because we are
+BBbgcI27cak-00278-00067168-00067335 integrating less noise
+BBbgcI27cak-00279-00067336-00067671 from the band time on air this is
+BBbgcI27cak-00280-00067672-00067926 important the higher spreading factor
+BBbgcI27cak-00281-00067927-00068079 the longer time on earth
+BBbgcI27cak-00282-00068080-00068335 and the bigger energy consumption
+BBbgcI27cak-00283-00068336-00068406 bitrate
+BBbgcI27cak-00284-00068407-00068638 it is the number of the beats per second
+BBbgcI27cak-00285-00068639-00068726 during
+BBbgcI27cak-00286-00068727-00069023 tx phase forward error correction so the
+BBbgcI27cak-00287-00069024-00069231 protocol overhead to correct the errors
+BBbgcI27cak-00288-00069232-00069375 transmission errors
+BBbgcI27cak-00289-00069376-00069743 coding rate four by five means 25
+BBbgcI27cak-00290-00069744-00069935 percent of additional
+BBbgcI27cak-00291-00069936-00070175 information to correct the message the
+BBbgcI27cak-00292-00070176-00070343 higher percentage of
+BBbgcI27cak-00293-00070344-00070550 forward error correction in payload the
+BBbgcI27cak-00294-00070551-00070719 longer time on earth
+BBbgcI27cak-00295-00070720-00070999 range of of the communication it is
+BBbgcI27cak-00296-00071000-00071094 linked budget
+BBbgcI27cak-00297-00071095-00071311 not we are not giving the range of
+BBbgcI27cak-00298-00071312-00071431 communication in
+BBbgcI27cak-00299-00071432-00071735 meters or kilometers receiver
+BBbgcI27cak-00300-00071736-00071862 sensitivity
+BBbgcI27cak-00301-00071863-00072226 the wider bandwidth the lower receiver
+BBbgcI27cak-00302-00072227-00072575 sensitivity because we are integrating
+BBbgcI27cak-00303-00072576-00072903 more noise narrowing the
+BBbgcI27cak-00304-00072904-00073287 the band we are integrating less noise
+BBbgcI27cak-00305-00073288-00073567 very important feature of the lora
+BBbgcI27cak-00306-00073568-00073694 protocol stack
+BBbgcI27cak-00307-00073695-00074055 adaptive data rate so the protocol stack
+BBbgcI27cak-00308-00074056-00074399 can adapt automatically following
+BBbgcI27cak-00309-00074400-00074638 the over the air conditions tune
+BBbgcI27cak-00310-00074639-00074823 automatically the data rate
+BBbgcI27cak-00311-00074824-00075150 so it means it tunes the spreading
+BBbgcI27cak-00312-00075151-00075206 factor
+BBbgcI27cak-00313-00075207-00075471 so if the quality of the received signal
+BBbgcI27cak-00314-00075472-00075543 is
+BBbgcI27cak-00315-00075544-00075879 quite nice we can
+BBbgcI27cak-00316-00075880-00076126 decrease the spreading factor we can
+BBbgcI27cak-00317-00076127-00076350 start from the biggest spreading factor
+BBbgcI27cak-00318-00076351-00076750 to to have a really robust communication
+BBbgcI27cak-00319-00076751-00076982 and if the if the quality of the
+BBbgcI27cak-00320-00076983-00077119 received signal is
+BBbgcI27cak-00321-00077120-00077375 is is good we can decrease the spreading
+BBbgcI27cak-00322-00077376-00077431 factor
+BBbgcI27cak-00323-00077432-00077694 lowering time on earth and that's why
+BBbgcI27cak-00324-00077695-00077791 this is good
+BBbgcI27cak-00325-00077792-00078175 for the device we can decrease
+BBbgcI27cak-00326-00078176-00078471 the energy consumption then not we the
+BBbgcI27cak-00327-00078472-00078711 protocol stack can decrease
+BBbgcI27cak-00328-00078712-00079111 and reduce the energy consumption by
+BBbgcI27cak-00329-00079112-00079535 tuning the data rate in adaptive way
+BBbgcI27cak-00330-00079536-00079838 and it is also good for the
+BBbgcI27cak-00331-00079839-00080206 network because we are reducing
+BBbgcI27cak-00332-00080207-00080519 the traffic over the air traffic and
+BBbgcI27cak-00333-00080520-00080599 this way
+BBbgcI27cak-00334-00080600-00080815 we we are optimizing the network
+BBbgcI27cak-00335-00080816-00081015 capacity we are increasing the network
+BBbgcI27cak-00336-00081016-00081206 capacity
+BBbgcI27cak-00337-00081207-00081535 the classes the modes of operation class
+BBbgcI27cak-00338-00081536-00081694 a this is very basic
+BBbgcI27cak-00339-00081695-00082038 and most common class for flow meters
+BBbgcI27cak-00340-00082039-00082175 water meters
+BBbgcI27cak-00341-00082176-00082550 gas meters heat meters it is the basic
+BBbgcI27cak-00342-00082551-00082638 class
+BBbgcI27cak-00343-00082639-00082935 node transmits uplink uplink means from
+BBbgcI27cak-00344-00082936-00083062 the nodes to the
+BBbgcI27cak-00345-00083063-00083431 network in up direction node transmits
+BBbgcI27cak-00346-00083432-00083711 data node can transmit data
+BBbgcI27cak-00347-00083712-00083831 synchronously
+BBbgcI27cak-00348-00083832-00084135 so every period and or
+BBbgcI27cak-00349-00084136-00084382 can transmit us in closely because of
+BBbgcI27cak-00350-00084383-00084503 some event
+BBbgcI27cak-00351-00084504-00084735 i don't know tamper detection let's say
+BBbgcI27cak-00352-00084736-00084815 of the
+BBbgcI27cak-00353-00084816-00085071 of the water meter so the network must
+BBbgcI27cak-00354-00085072-00085150 wait
+BBbgcI27cak-00355-00085151-00085391 for the activity of the node there is no
+BBbgcI27cak-00356-00085392-00085518 way for the network
+BBbgcI27cak-00357-00085519-00085926 to send downlink at any time
+BBbgcI27cak-00358-00085927-00086287 network must wait for the node activity
+BBbgcI27cak-00359-00086288-00086662 node transmission after the transmission
+BBbgcI27cak-00360-00086663-00087103 node opens to receive windows
+BBbgcI27cak-00361-00087104-00087471 up to up to to receive
+BBbgcI27cak-00362-00087472-00087806 windows so after transmission
+BBbgcI27cak-00363-00087807-00088111 node waits for the receive delay one it
+BBbgcI27cak-00364-00088112-00088150 is
+BBbgcI27cak-00365-00088151-00088606 in practice one second then opens
+BBbgcI27cak-00366-00088607-00088999 rx slot and if there is no
+BBbgcI27cak-00367-00089000-00089359 over the air activity it
+BBbgcI27cak-00368-00089360-00089682 goes slip that's why we have hardware
+BBbgcI27cak-00369-00089683-00089982 feature to to detect the
+BBbgcI27cak-00370-00089983-00090262 the radioactivity the channel activity
+BBbgcI27cak-00371-00090263-00090367 because we can go
+BBbgcI27cak-00372-00090368-00090687 sleep quicker and save energy
+BBbgcI27cak-00373-00090688-00090975 if there is no activity during first rx
+BBbgcI27cak-00374-00090976-00091103 slot
+BBbgcI27cak-00375-00091104-00091375 it goes sleep and then after receive
+BBbgcI27cak-00376-00091376-00091447 delay
+BBbgcI27cak-00377-00091448-00091775 2 which is in practice 2 seconds it
+BBbgcI27cak-00378-00091776-00091847 opens
+BBbgcI27cak-00379-00091848-00092094 the second slot and then go sleep and
+BBbgcI27cak-00380-00092095-00092215 the procedure is
+BBbgcI27cak-00381-00092216-00092775 repeating the class b for example
+BBbgcI27cak-00382-00092776-00093038 the area of implementation it is
+BBbgcI27cak-00383-00093039-00093135 prepayment
+BBbgcI27cak-00384-00093136-00093447 water meter customer can buy
+BBbgcI27cak-00385-00093448-00093743 some amount of water and then needs to
+BBbgcI27cak-00386-00093744-00093918 activate the credit
+BBbgcI27cak-00387-00093919-00094215 so it would be nice to send this credit
+BBbgcI27cak-00388-00094216-00094326 to the water meter
+BBbgcI27cak-00389-00094327-00094759 in not so long time and the class b
+BBbgcI27cak-00390-00094760-00095143 lets to send downlink message so from
+BBbgcI27cak-00391-00095144-00095223 the network
+BBbgcI27cak-00392-00095224-00095550 to the node within scheduled
+BBbgcI27cak-00393-00095551-00095974 windows time slots and how does it works
+BBbgcI27cak-00394-00095975-00096311 always the basic mode it is the class a
+BBbgcI27cak-00395-00096312-00096550 it is on the responsibility of the node
+BBbgcI27cak-00396-00096551-00096662 application
+BBbgcI27cak-00397-00096663-00096935 to decide when it wants to switch to
+BBbgcI27cak-00398-00096936-00096999 class b
+BBbgcI27cak-00399-00097000-00097343 from class a so in class a
+BBbgcI27cak-00400-00097344-00097631 node sends to the network request to
+BBbgcI27cak-00401-00097632-00097791 switch to class b
+BBbgcI27cak-00402-00097792-00098126 and then opens the receiving window
+BBbgcI27cak-00403-00098127-00098511 and within this window the network sends
+BBbgcI27cak-00404-00098512-00098818 first so-called become so the
+BBbgcI27cak-00405-00098819-00099038 synchronization information
+BBbgcI27cak-00406-00099039-00099391 and this information synchronize the
+BBbgcI27cak-00407-00099392-00099823 local node rtc tunes the local node rtc
+BBbgcI27cak-00408-00099824-00099911 to follow
+BBbgcI27cak-00409-00099912-00100238 the rtc the time base of the network
+BBbgcI27cak-00410-00100239-00100503 which is gps based for example this is
+BBbgcI27cak-00411-00100504-00100631 the first function
+BBbgcI27cak-00412-00100632-00100871 we are tuning the local rtc the local
+BBbgcI27cak-00413-00100872-00100943 time
+BBbgcI27cak-00414-00100944-00101223 and then the second information is the
+BBbgcI27cak-00415-00101224-00101359 pink period
+BBbgcI27cak-00416-00101360-00101687 because in class b the note
+BBbgcI27cak-00417-00101688-00102015 opens periodically the receiving window
+BBbgcI27cak-00418-00102016-00102374 accepts those windows so this is the
+BBbgcI27cak-00419-00102375-00102558 additional functionality so
+BBbgcI27cak-00420-00102559-00102910 let's say for example every 16
+BBbgcI27cak-00421-00102911-00103199 seconds we have additional receiving
+BBbgcI27cak-00422-00103200-00103263 window
+BBbgcI27cak-00423-00103264-00103510 synchronized to the network so the
+BBbgcI27cak-00424-00103511-00103582 network
+BBbgcI27cak-00425-00103583-00103902 every 16 seconds can send the downlink
+BBbgcI27cak-00426-00103903-00103958 to the
+BBbgcI27cak-00427-00103959-00104263 note so this is the the 16 second it is
+BBbgcI27cak-00428-00104264-00104399 a pink period
+BBbgcI27cak-00429-00104400-00104630 and we need to resynchronize
+BBbgcI27cak-00430-00104631-00104751 periodically
+BBbgcI27cak-00431-00104752-00104951 so we have the second period the beacon
+BBbgcI27cak-00432-00104952-00105158 period because of the
+BBbgcI27cak-00433-00105159-00105415 floating of the time base for example
+BBbgcI27cak-00434-00105416-00105671 rtc crystal on the node
+BBbgcI27cak-00435-00105672-00106063 so after beacon period within ping slot
+BBbgcI27cak-00436-00106064-00106478 network sends again the synchronization
+BBbgcI27cak-00437-00106479-00106871 so this pink period it is for example 16
+BBbgcI27cak-00438-00106872-00106975 seconds
+BBbgcI27cak-00439-00106976-00107223 the beacon period can be i don't know
+BBbgcI27cak-00440-00107224-00107366 few minutes for example
+BBbgcI27cak-00441-00107367-00107631 depends on the particular conditions
+BBbgcI27cak-00442-00107632-00107927 depends on designer in fact
+BBbgcI27cak-00443-00107928-00108231 so in our example when the customer
+BBbgcI27cak-00444-00108232-00108463 buys some amount of water he needs to
+BBbgcI27cak-00445-00108464-00108607 wait up to
+BBbgcI27cak-00446-00108608-00108943 i don't know 32 seconds to update the
+BBbgcI27cak-00447-00108944-00108990 credit
+BBbgcI27cak-00448-00108991-00109247 in water meter if the mold base is
+BBbgcI27cak-00449-00109248-00109343 activated
+BBbgcI27cak-00450-00109344-00109702 of course the cost the background of of
+BBbgcI27cak-00451-00109703-00109807 class b
+BBbgcI27cak-00452-00109808-00110127 it is the again the higher energy
+BBbgcI27cak-00453-00110128-00110486 comparing to class a and the third
+BBbgcI27cak-00454-00110488-00110839 mode of operation class c
+BBbgcI27cak-00455-00110840-00111302 so class c is a classic way of operation
+BBbgcI27cak-00456-00111303-00111575 so we are transmitting data and then
+BBbgcI27cak-00457-00111576-00111663 immediately
+BBbgcI27cak-00458-00111664-00112078 we are switching to the the receiver on
+BBbgcI27cak-00459-00112079-00112375 because this is half duplex of course it
+BBbgcI27cak-00460-00112376-00112439 is for
+BBbgcI27cak-00461-00112440-00112758 grid operated devices we need a lot of
+BBbgcI27cak-00462-00112759-00112871 energy
+BBbgcI27cak-00463-00112872-00113078 because of continuous operation of the
+BBbgcI27cak-00464-00113079-00113271 transceiver
+BBbgcI27cak-00465-00113272-00113527 crypto coverage and crypto in general
+BBbgcI27cak-00466-00113528-00113615 for laura
+BBbgcI27cak-00467-00113616-00113951 the security level came from
+BBbgcI27cak-00468-00113952-00114271 aes 128 so quite basic
+BBbgcI27cak-00469-00114272-00114590 all the messages all the data is
+BBbgcI27cak-00470-00114591-00114966 encrypted by aes 128 and
+BBbgcI27cak-00471-00114967-00115254 you need to be aware that we have two
+BBbgcI27cak-00472-00115255-00115431 types of packets
+BBbgcI27cak-00473-00115432-00115758 the mac packet so the or the or the
+BBbgcI27cak-00474-00115759-00115886 network packet
+BBbgcI27cak-00475-00115888-00116119 for the management of the network and
+BBbgcI27cak-00476-00116120-00116310 the user packet the data
+BBbgcI27cak-00477-00116311-00116623 the the the payload the
+BBbgcI27cak-00478-00116624-00117007 packet so we we call it mac messages
+BBbgcI27cak-00479-00117008-00117334 and application messages and we have
+BBbgcI27cak-00480-00117335-00117758 different key security key for
+BBbgcI27cak-00481-00117759-00118223 mac messages and different
+BBbgcI27cak-00482-00118224-00118534 security key for application messages
+BBbgcI27cak-00483-00118535-00118934 for network it is network session key
+BBbgcI27cak-00484-00118935-00119231 for application it is application
+BBbgcI27cak-00485-00119232-00119310 session key
+BBbgcI27cak-00486-00119311-00119583 so we have this is the coverage of the
+BBbgcI27cak-00487-00119583-00119854 network session key
+BBbgcI27cak-00488-00119855-00120166 so because this is this is mac message
+BBbgcI27cak-00489-00120167-00120486 network management message it stops
+BBbgcI27cak-00490-00120488-00120663 in the network server for the
+BBbgcI27cak-00491-00120664-00120854 application it stops in the
+BBbgcI27cak-00492-00120855-00121183 application server message integrity
+BBbgcI27cak-00493-00121183-00121623 check so the message integrity check
+BBbgcI27cak-00494-00121624-00121943 it is the field of the packet
+BBbgcI27cak-00495-00121944-00122183 which is related to the security of the
+BBbgcI27cak-00496-00122183-00122295 communication so
+BBbgcI27cak-00497-00122296-00122734 protects us against the the tampering
+BBbgcI27cak-00498-00122735-00123127 of the communication some false attacks
+BBbgcI27cak-00499-00123128-00123439 and it also increase the robustness
+BBbgcI27cak-00500-00123440-00123743 of the communication be because it is
+BBbgcI27cak-00501-00123744-00124183 like very advanced crc
+BBbgcI27cak-00502-00124183-00124510 so the message integrity check is just a
+BBbgcI27cak-00503-00124511-00124631 number which is
+BBbgcI27cak-00504-00124632-00124951 which is computed for each packet using
+BBbgcI27cak-00505-00124952-00125278 aes and network session key
+BBbgcI27cak-00506-00125279-00125583 and it is added for the
+BBbgcI27cak-00507-00125583-00126071 as a last field of the packet
+BBbgcI27cak-00508-00126072-00126278 so this is the range of the mic
+BBbgcI27cak-00509-00126279-00126390 computation
+BBbgcI27cak-00510-00126391-00126671 and this way the network server and
+BBbgcI27cak-00511-00126672-00126886 application server can
+BBbgcI27cak-00512-00126888-00127199 verify the the transmitter
+BBbgcI27cak-00513-00127200-00127478 so additional mechanism to increase the
+BBbgcI27cak-00514-00127479-00127623 the security
+BBbgcI27cak-00515-00127624-00127886 it is hidden so in everyday practice of
+BBbgcI27cak-00516-00127888-00128014 laura engineer
+BBbgcI27cak-00517-00128015-00128295 you don't care about mik it is a feature
+BBbgcI27cak-00518-00128296-00128343 of the
+BBbgcI27cak-00519-00128344-00128702 of the of the security but you need
+BBbgcI27cak-00520-00128703-00128902 to take care about the activation
+BBbgcI27cak-00521-00128903-00129054 methods when the
+BBbgcI27cak-00522-00129055-00129327 node is a is a virgin it is not
+BBbgcI27cak-00523-00129328-00129510 connected to the to the network
+BBbgcI27cak-00524-00129511-00129734 it needs to connect to the network in
+BBbgcI27cak-00525-00129735-00129951 defined way
+BBbgcI27cak-00526-00129952-00130319 so we have two activation methods
+BBbgcI27cak-00527-00130320-00130678 over the air activation
+BBbgcI27cak-00528-00130679-00130999 and activation by personalization over
+BBbgcI27cak-00529-00131000-00131078 the air
+BBbgcI27cak-00530-00131079-00131343 activation it is the most common
+BBbgcI27cak-00531-00131344-00131735 activation
+BBbgcI27cak-00532-00131736-00131966 do you know what we need to connect to
+BBbgcI27cak-00533-00131967-00132175 the wi-fi network
+BBbgcI27cak-00534-00132176-00132487 we need the mach number of our module we
+BBbgcI27cak-00535-00132488-00132663 need to know the name of the
+BBbgcI27cak-00536-00132664-00132975 wi-fi network and we need to
+BBbgcI27cak-00537-00132976-00133423 know the password this is the equivalent
+BBbgcI27cak-00538-00133424-00133727 and device has assigned device
+BBbgcI27cak-00539-00133728-00134159 unique id def eui
+BBbgcI27cak-00540-00134160-00134502 this is the mach number the name
+BBbgcI27cak-00541-00134503-00134895 of the wi-fi network in this case
+BBbgcI27cak-00542-00134896-00135271 it is the application unique id
+BBbgcI27cak-00543-00135272-00135431 the number of the application this is
+BBbgcI27cak-00544-00135432-00135647 the name of the network
+BBbgcI27cak-00545-00135648-00135919 and this is the application key so this
+BBbgcI27cak-00546-00135920-00136295 is the password
+BBbgcI27cak-00547-00136296-00136607 so to join to the lora network in
+BBbgcI27cak-00548-00136608-00136927 over the air activation we need to send
+BBbgcI27cak-00549-00136928-00137254 to the network to the application server
+BBbgcI27cak-00550-00137255-00137583 our mach number which means device
+BBbgcI27cak-00551-00137584-00137695 unique id
+BBbgcI27cak-00552-00137696-00137975 we need to send to which network to
+BBbgcI27cak-00553-00137976-00138207 which application we want to
+BBbgcI27cak-00554-00138208-00138543 join so the application uniq id
+BBbgcI27cak-00555-00138544-00138847 and we need to send the password
+BBbgcI27cak-00556-00138848-00139151 application key then
+BBbgcI27cak-00557-00139152-00139431 def ui allows to to the network to
+BBbgcI27cak-00558-00139432-00139751 identify the device in the database
+BBbgcI27cak-00559-00139752-00140119 application ui identified to which
+BBbgcI27cak-00560-00140120-00140414 application server we want to connect or
+BBbgcI27cak-00561-00140415-00140511 we want to
+BBbgcI27cak-00562-00140512-00140895 talk to application key
+BBbgcI27cak-00563-00140896-00141239 crypt this message sent to the sim
+BBbgcI27cak-00564-00141240-00141566 sent to the application server after
+BBbgcI27cak-00565-00141567-00141935 receiving the join request from the node
+BBbgcI27cak-00566-00141936-00142231 the application server sends to the
+BBbgcI27cak-00567-00142232-00142414 network server and then to the
+BBbgcI27cak-00568-00142415-00142807 node the join accept message
+BBbgcI27cak-00569-00142808-00143175 and this message consists of
+BBbgcI27cak-00570-00143176-00143566 ipnumber assigned ip number of the node
+BBbgcI27cak-00571-00143567-00143878 and in laura it is so-called device
+BBbgcI27cak-00572-00143879-00143951 address
+BBbgcI27cak-00573-00143952-00144478 def addr and two security keys
+BBbgcI27cak-00574-00144479-00144854 and we know those security keys
+BBbgcI27cak-00575-00144855-00145175 so we got ipnumber
+BBbgcI27cak-00576-00145176-00145431 device address and we got network
+BBbgcI27cak-00577-00145432-00145526 session key
+BBbgcI27cak-00578-00145527-00145847 and application session key
+BBbgcI27cak-00579-00145848-00146199 now we can we can communicate to the
+BBbgcI27cak-00580-00146200-00146399 network
+BBbgcI27cak-00581-00146400-00146702 and the second way of the activation
+BBbgcI27cak-00582-00146703-00146983 we can just hard code and we can just
+BBbgcI27cak-00583-00146984-00147102 flash
+BBbgcI27cak-00584-00147103-00147454 all those values during production stage
+BBbgcI27cak-00585-00147455-00147790 this is a little bit more easy than the
+BBbgcI27cak-00586-00147791-00148023 over the activation we don't need the
+BBbgcI27cak-00587-00148024-00148335 activation stage we can save the energy
+BBbgcI27cak-00588-00148336-00148695 but we need to manage all the security
+BBbgcI27cak-00589-00148696-00148878 during the production
+BBbgcI27cak-00590-00148879-00149151 we need to manage we how to store the
+BBbgcI27cak-00591-00149152-00149247 keys how to
+BBbgcI27cak-00592-00149248-00149551 distribute the keys in safeway etc
+BBbgcI27cak-00593-00149552-00149883 so the cost of the activation by
+BBbgcI27cak-00594-00149884-00149999 personalization
+BBbgcI27cak-00595-00150000-00150335 is the little bit more complex
+BBbgcI27cak-00596-00150336-00150654 production process
+BBbgcI27cak-00597-00150655-00150999 so when activated by personalization
+BBbgcI27cak-00598-00151000-00151231 the node is ready to communicate to the
+BBbgcI27cak-00599-00151232-00151359 network immediately
+BBbgcI27cak-00600-00151360-00151831 after power on without joining stage
+BBbgcI27cak-00601-00151832-00152239 physical layer the key message
+BBbgcI27cak-00602-00152240-00152663 compatible with 802.15.4 so zigbee
+BBbgcI27cak-00603-00152664-00152919 bluetooth etc
+BBbgcI27cak-00604-00152920-00153214 we have preamble to synchronize uh with
+BBbgcI27cak-00605-00153215-00153343 the receiver
+BBbgcI27cak-00606-00153344-00153639 and and the probable detection is is is
+BBbgcI27cak-00607-00153640-00153695 is the
+BBbgcI27cak-00608-00153696-00153951 really important part of the packet
+BBbgcI27cak-00609-00153952-00154223 because it lets to save the energy
+BBbgcI27cak-00610-00154224-00154535 thanks to the channel activity feature
+BBbgcI27cak-00611-00154536-00154575 of the
+BBbgcI27cak-00612-00154576-00154871 of the receiver so if the pramble is is
+BBbgcI27cak-00613-00154872-00154951 broken
+BBbgcI27cak-00614-00154952-00155223 we can go sleep immediately immediately
+BBbgcI27cak-00615-00155224-00155495 and save the the energy
+BBbgcI27cak-00616-00155496-00155783 then we have header of the physical
+BBbgcI27cak-00617-00155784-00156039 layer packet and crc of the header
+BBbgcI27cak-00618-00156040-00156239 and then payload and the crc of the
+BBbgcI27cak-00619-00156240-00156423 payload
+BBbgcI27cak-00620-00156424-00156966 and all the packet except the problem
+BBbgcI27cak-00621-00156967-00157295 is covered by the by the forward error
+BBbgcI27cak-00622-00157296-00157439 correction
+BBbgcI27cak-00623-00157440-00157751 code so there is an overheat because of
+BBbgcI27cak-00624-00157752-00157871 the
+BBbgcI27cak-00625-00157872-00158423 of the coding rate
+BBbgcI27cak-00626-00158424-00158735 access the
+BBbgcI27cak-00627-00158736-00158959 the key message is that the lora
+BBbgcI27cak-00628-00158960-00159119 protocol is
+BBbgcI27cak-00629-00159120-00159487 encapsulated so this is
+BBbgcI27cak-00630-00159488-00159711 i would say standard way of of dealing
+BBbgcI27cak-00631-00159712-00159943 with the with the protocols
+BBbgcI27cak-00632-00159944-00160254 we have physical layer payload
+BBbgcI27cak-00633-00160255-00160511 and within this physical layer payload
+BBbgcI27cak-00634-00160512-00160631 we have
+BBbgcI27cak-00635-00160632-00161039 mac message mhdr means
+BBbgcI27cak-00636-00161040-00161375 mac medium access layer immediate medium
+BBbgcI27cak-00637-00161376-00161502 access
+BBbgcI27cak-00638-00161503-00161807 layer header we have
+BBbgcI27cak-00639-00161808-00162159 mac payload and our security value
+BBbgcI27cak-00640-00162160-00162471 the message integrity check and then
+BBbgcI27cak-00641-00162472-00162551 within
+BBbgcI27cak-00642-00162552-00163007 mac payload we have frame header
+BBbgcI27cak-00643-00163008-00163390 we have port number because for lora
+BBbgcI27cak-00644-00163391-00163623 mac layer we have ports like like for
+BBbgcI27cak-00645-00163624-00163719 our ip
+BBbgcI27cak-00646-00163720-00164071 communication and then payload
+BBbgcI27cak-00647-00164072-00164463 the key message encapsulation
+BBbgcI27cak-00648-00164464-00164726 in fact the layers of the protocol stack
+BBbgcI27cak-00649-00164727-00164926 are isolated
+BBbgcI27cak-00650-00164927-00165247 and now we are more and more close to
+BBbgcI27cak-00651-00165248-00165335 the
+BBbgcI27cak-00652-00165336-00165583 software engineers practice because we
+BBbgcI27cak-00653-00165584-00165790 are starting to discuss
+BBbgcI27cak-00654-00165791-00166095 how to implement the real application so
+BBbgcI27cak-00655-00166096-00166126 the
+BBbgcI27cak-00656-00166127-00166447 protocol stack layers are isolated and
+BBbgcI27cak-00657-00166448-00166926 how to interact between those layers
+BBbgcI27cak-00658-00166927-00167278 let's consider the mac layer and the
+BBbgcI27cak-00659-00167279-00167678 mac layer user mac layer user means
+BBbgcI27cak-00660-00167679-00167983 in fact application layer
+BBbgcI27cak-00661-00167984-00168311 in our case
+BBbgcI27cak-00662-00168312-00168638 again i will highlight that
+BBbgcI27cak-00663-00168639-00169066 the lora protocol stack is compatible to
+BBbgcI27cak-00664-00169067-00169399 802.15.4
+BBbgcI27cak-00665-00169400-00169711 and in this standard there is a
+BBbgcI27cak-00666-00169712-00170071 particular mechanism of the implemented
+BBbgcI27cak-00667-00170072-00170263 of the interaction between between the
+BBbgcI27cak-00668-00170264-00170383 isolated
+BBbgcI27cak-00669-00170384-00170719 protocol stack layers when
+BBbgcI27cak-00670-00170720-00171095 we want to ask mac layer
+BBbgcI27cak-00671-00171096-00171471 we the user layer when the user layer
+BBbgcI27cak-00672-00171472-00171847 wants to ask mac layer for something
+BBbgcI27cak-00673-00171848-00172190 the mac user layer sends request
+BBbgcI27cak-00674-00172191-00172495 to the lower mac layer
+BBbgcI27cak-00675-00172496-00172854 for example we can request for
+BBbgcI27cak-00676-00172855-00173199 transmission of the data
+BBbgcI27cak-00677-00173200-00173414 and this request is propagated to the
+BBbgcI27cak-00678-00173415-00173566 lower layers
+BBbgcI27cak-00679-00173567-00173911 down to physical layer
+BBbgcI27cak-00680-00173912-00174126 the transmitter physical transmitter
+BBbgcI27cak-00681-00174127-00174343 transmits data
+BBbgcI27cak-00682-00174344-00174599 and then after transmission as you
+BBbgcI27cak-00683-00174600-00174719 remember there is a
+BBbgcI27cak-00684-00174720-00175047 interrupt and this interrupt
+BBbgcI27cak-00685-00175048-00175535 is propagated over the lower layers
+BBbgcI27cak-00686-00175536-00175847 and through mac layer and
+BBbgcI27cak-00687-00175848-00176183 appears to mark user layer
+BBbgcI27cak-00688-00176184-00176623 as confirmation confirmation message
+BBbgcI27cak-00689-00176624-00176983 so request for example for transmit data
+BBbgcI27cak-00690-00176984-00177319 and after transmission mac user
+BBbgcI27cak-00691-00177320-00177631 gets confirmation request
+BBbgcI27cak-00692-00177632-00178014 confirm request confirm
+BBbgcI27cak-00693-00178015-00178438 so this is let's say synchronous event
+BBbgcI27cak-00694-00178439-00178783 because we user layer we as a mac user
+BBbgcI27cak-00695-00178784-00178871 layer
+BBbgcI27cak-00696-00178872-00179263 can control when we are sending request
+BBbgcI27cak-00697-00179264-00179590 to the mac layer and
+BBbgcI27cak-00698-00179591-00179807 after request we know that we need to
+BBbgcI27cak-00699-00179808-00180007 wait for the confirmation
+BBbgcI27cak-00700-00180008-00180359 what about for example receive
+BBbgcI27cak-00701-00180360-00180790 event this is the ascension laws event
+BBbgcI27cak-00702-00180791-00180871 so
+BBbgcI27cak-00703-00180872-00181143 when the receiver received the data
+BBbgcI27cak-00704-00181144-00181311 physical receiver received the data
+BBbgcI27cak-00705-00181312-00181366 there is an
+BBbgcI27cak-00706-00181367-00181551 interrupt this this input app is
+BBbgcI27cak-00707-00181552-00181807 propagated through the layers
+BBbgcI27cak-00708-00181808-00182247 and mac layer sends to the mac user
+BBbgcI27cak-00709-00182248-00182566 the indication message and
+BBbgcI27cak-00710-00182567-00182887 mac user after some processing of the
+BBbgcI27cak-00711-00182888-00183126 of the of the user payload of received
+BBbgcI27cak-00712-00183127-00183223 data can
+BBbgcI27cak-00713-00183224-00183535 response to the mac layer can
+BBbgcI27cak-00714-00183536-00183887 acknowledge to the mac layer by response
+BBbgcI27cak-00715-00183888-00184238 message so to conclude
+BBbgcI27cak-00716-00184239-00184511 the cooperation the the interaction
+BBbgcI27cak-00717-00184512-00184743 between isolated layers
+BBbgcI27cak-00718-00184744-00185166 for this ieee
+BBbgcI27cak-00719-00185167-00185511 standard is implemented as a couples of
+BBbgcI27cak-00720-00185512-00185750 request confirm when we want to ask for
+BBbgcI27cak-00721-00185751-00185863 something
+BBbgcI27cak-00722-00185864-00186199 and indication response when
+BBbgcI27cak-00723-00186200-00186711 some asynchronous event takes place
+BBbgcI27cak-00724-00186712-00187023 so request confirm is triggered by
+BBbgcI27cak-00725-00187024-00187319 mac user indication response is
+BBbgcI27cak-00726-00187320-00187399 triggered
+BBbgcI27cak-00727-00187400-00187838 by mac so this is the theory this is the
+BBbgcI27cak-00728-00187839-00188047 practice
+BBbgcI27cak-00729-00188048-00188431 how to implement it for example
+BBbgcI27cak-00730-00188432-00188719 we can you remember the callbacks from
+BBbgcI27cak-00731-00188720-00188863 yesterday
+BBbgcI27cak-00732-00188864-00189207 from hull library the callback
+BBbgcI27cak-00733-00189208-00189502 it is the application part only
+BBbgcI27cak-00734-00189503-00189631 application part
+BBbgcI27cak-00735-00189632-00189959 of the interrupt service so we
+BBbgcI27cak-00736-00189960-00190143 within hull library you don't care about
+BBbgcI27cak-00737-00190144-00190302 flags etc
+BBbgcI27cak-00738-00190303-00190495 you need to care about the the
+BBbgcI27cak-00739-00190496-00190647 application only and this is the
+BBbgcI27cak-00740-00190648-00190759 callback
+BBbgcI27cak-00741-00190760-00191063 and the the same idea is implemented for
+BBbgcI27cak-00742-00191064-00191143 the
+BBbgcI27cak-00743-00191144-00191487 cooperation between isolated layers
+BBbgcI27cak-00744-00191488-00191750 so for example when the transceiver
+BBbgcI27cak-00745-00191751-00191871 receive the data
+BBbgcI27cak-00746-00191872-00192166 the indication message is sent from the
+BBbgcI27cak-00747-00192167-00192263 mac
+BBbgcI27cak-00748-00192264-00192663 layer this indication
+BBbgcI27cak-00749-00192664-00193023 can call the callback
+BBbgcI27cak-00750-00193024-00193319 rxdata this is the implementation of the
+BBbgcI27cak-00751-00193320-00193438 mechanism
+BBbgcI27cak-00752-00193439-00193726 so the callback can be called after the
+BBbgcI27cak-00753-00193727-00193838 indication
+BBbgcI27cak-00754-00193839-00194190 data received and for the first
+BBbgcI27cak-00755-00194191-00194359 mechanism request confirm
+BBbgcI27cak-00756-00194360-00194631 for example when we request to transmit
+BBbgcI27cak-00757-00194632-00194759 data
+BBbgcI27cak-00758-00194760-00195071 the mac layer can call the callback
+BBbgcI27cak-00759-00195072-00195502 the x done so the implementation of the
+BBbgcI27cak-00760-00195503-00195695 mechanism this is the the practical
+BBbgcI27cak-00761-00195696-00195895 implementation of the mechanism
+BBbgcI27cak-00762-00195896-00196295 which is expected by this standard
+BBbgcI27cak-00763-00196296-00196511 so we need to implement the request
+BBbgcI27cak-00764-00196512-00196647 confirm mechanism and
+BBbgcI27cak-00765-00196648-00196943 indicate response so for example when we
+BBbgcI27cak-00766-00196944-00197166 are requesting for transmit data so the
+BBbgcI27cak-00767-00197167-00197447 arrow in this direction
+BBbgcI27cak-00768-00197448-00197759 when takes is done the mac layer
+BBbgcI27cak-00769-00197760-00198063 is calling takes down callback and we
+BBbgcI27cak-00770-00198064-00198126 can put
+BBbgcI27cak-00771-00198127-00198550 our our implementation of the body
+BBbgcI27cak-00772-00198551-00199031 of this function this is the example
+BBbgcI27cak-00773-00199032-00199366 of the of of this
+BBbgcI27cak-00774-00199367-00199838 interaction we are waiting for the
+BBbgcI27cak-00775-00199839-00200143 for the transmission and
+BBbgcI27cak-00776-00200144-00200478 callback is laura eric's data
+BBbgcI27cak-00777-00200479-00200783 so mac layer is calling callback laura
+BBbgcI27cak-00778-00200784-00201126 eric's data and we need to response to
+BBbgcI27cak-00779-00201127-00201319 the mac layer but in our case
+BBbgcI27cak-00780-00201320-00201654 our response is is only void because we
+BBbgcI27cak-00781-00201655-00202071 we have nothing to inform the mac layer
+BBbgcI27cak-00782-00202072-00202326 i took the transmit data and received
+BBbgcI27cak-00783-00202327-00202583 data as the most basic ones
+BBbgcI27cak-00784-00202584-00202823 but of course there are a lot of mac
+BBbgcI27cak-00785-00202824-00202926 commands
+BBbgcI27cak-00786-00202927-00203254 for example we can ask we can request
+BBbgcI27cak-00787-00203255-00203478 for the link check for the quality of
+BBbgcI27cak-00788-00203479-00203663 the of the link
+BBbgcI27cak-00789-00203664-00204014 we can ask the mac layer to activate
+BBbgcI27cak-00790-00204015-00204399 link adr request we can
+BBbgcI27cak-00791-00204400-00204678 request mac layer to activate automatic
+BBbgcI27cak-00792-00204679-00205166 automatic data requests etc etc
+BBbgcI27cak-00793-00205167-00205486 and how it is implemented the data rate
+BBbgcI27cak-00794-00205487-00205910 adaptation
+BBbgcI27cak-00795-00205911-00206231 we can send data in two modes
+BBbgcI27cak-00796-00206232-00206551 in optic direction without confirmation
+BBbgcI27cak-00797-00206552-00206751 and with confirmation when the con
+BBbgcI27cak-00798-00206752-00207127 confirmed mode is active
+BBbgcI27cak-00799-00207128-00207542 the receiver the node expects
+BBbgcI27cak-00800-00207544-00207766 acknowledge to receive an acknowledge
+BBbgcI27cak-00801-00207767-00207919 after the uplink transmission
+BBbgcI27cak-00802-00207919-00208223 so upping transmission and then
+BBbgcI27cak-00803-00208223-00208614 acknowledge in downlink direction
+BBbgcI27cak-00804-00208615-00208862 so if there is no acknowledge there is
+BBbgcI27cak-00805-00208863-00209031 some very simple algorithm
+BBbgcI27cak-00806-00209032-00209375 to tune the data rate so we are starting
+BBbgcI27cak-00807-00209376-00209606 for uh first transmission with current
+BBbgcI27cak-00808-00209607-00209742 data rate
+BBbgcI27cak-00809-00209744-00210055 if no acknowledge then we are
+BBbgcI27cak-00810-00210056-00210279 trying again with the same data rate
+BBbgcI27cak-00811-00210280-00210655 let's say high data rate
+BBbgcI27cak-00812-00210656-00210975 if no acknowledge then we need to lower
+BBbgcI27cak-00813-00210976-00211279 the data rate in first
+BBbgcI27cak-00814-00211280-00211742 step by one if no acknowledge then again
+BBbgcI27cak-00815-00211744-00212031 we can try data rate minus one if not
+BBbgcI27cak-00816-00212032-00212127 acknowledge
+BBbgcI27cak-00817-00212128-00212455 data rate minus two etc etc
+BBbgcI27cak-00818-00212456-00213023 down to data rate minus three
+BBbgcI27cak-00819-00213023-00213271 because the the higher spreading factor
+BBbgcI27cak-00820-00213271-00213406 or the lower data rate
+BBbgcI27cak-00821-00213407-00213606 the higher sensitivity of the receiver
+BBbgcI27cak-00822-00213607-00213742 and the more robust
+BBbgcI27cak-00823-00213744-00214094 transmission
+BBbgcI27cak-00824-00214096-00214423 we already discussed the duty cycle
+BBbgcI27cak-00825-00214423-00214751 limitation so again to
+BBbgcI27cak-00826-00214752-00215103 clarify for there are two
+BBbgcI27cak-00827-00215104-00215406 mechanisms following this europe
+BBbgcI27cak-00828-00215407-00215639 european norm
+BBbgcI27cak-00829-00215640-00215934 to limit the over the air traffic the
+BBbgcI27cak-00830-00215935-00216094 first mechanism is
+BBbgcI27cak-00831-00216096-00216415 listen before talk this is
+BBbgcI27cak-00832-00216416-00216606 a little bit more advanced but
+BBbgcI27cak-00833-00216607-00216734 unfortunately for
+BBbgcI27cak-00834-00216735-00217142 laura regional definition for europe
+BBbgcI27cak-00835-00217144-00217463 and some other regions
+BBbgcI27cak-00836-00217464-00217775 there is no listen before talk feature
+BBbgcI27cak-00837-00217776-00218039 there is second mechanism defined by
+BBbgcI27cak-00838-00218040-00218151 this norm
+BBbgcI27cak-00839-00218152-00218455 duty cycle limitation and following this
+BBbgcI27cak-00840-00218456-00218558 norm
+BBbgcI27cak-00841-00218559-00218798 in a period of one hour the duty cycle
+BBbgcI27cak-00842-00218800-00219167 shall not exceed the spectrum access
+BBbgcI27cak-00843-00219167-00219503 for one percent
+BBbgcI27cak-00844-00219504-00219879 so we have one hour integration period
+BBbgcI27cak-00845-00219880-00220223 it means 3600 seconds
+BBbgcI27cak-00846-00220223-00220423 and considering one percent of duty
+BBbgcI27cak-00847-00220423-00220606 cycle limitation we can
+BBbgcI27cak-00848-00220607-00220951 transmit data continuously during
+BBbgcI27cak-00849-00220952-00221367 36 seconds but
+BBbgcI27cak-00850-00221367-00221671 how it is implemented in in
+BBbgcI27cak-00851-00221671-00221998 lora protocol stack for europe
+BBbgcI27cak-00852-00222000-00222446 we have three channels within the band
+BBbgcI27cak-00853-00222448-00222751 within the allot frequency band
+BBbgcI27cak-00854-00222752-00223110 so it is two megahertz we have three
+BBbgcI27cak-00855-00223111-00223182 channels
+BBbgcI27cak-00856-00223183-00223519 so when we exceed the duty cycle
+BBbgcI27cak-00857-00223519-00223782 limitation on channel number one
+BBbgcI27cak-00858-00223783-00224087 we can switch immediately to channel
+BBbgcI27cak-00859-00224088-00224215 number two
+BBbgcI27cak-00860-00224216-00224494 so in fact we can continuously transmit
+BBbgcI27cak-00861-00224496-00224551 data
+BBbgcI27cak-00862-00224552-00225031 during three multiply by 36 seconds
+BBbgcI27cak-00863-00225032-00225223 and it is controlled automatically by
+BBbgcI27cak-00864-00225223-00225494 protocol stack again
+BBbgcI27cak-00865-00225496-00225798 just to better memorize
+BBbgcI27cak-00866-00225800-00226175 the hint please switch off the duty
+BBbgcI27cak-00867-00226176-00226279 cycle control
+BBbgcI27cak-00868-00226280-00226598 when the stuff is under development just
+BBbgcI27cak-00869-00226600-00226687 to avoid
+BBbgcI27cak-00870-00226688-00227319 annoying blocking of the transmission
+BBbgcI27cak-00871-00227319-00227575 the last part of this presentation
+BBbgcI27cak-00872-00227576-00227823 certification
+BBbgcI27cak-00873-00227823-00228182 so in fact to certify
+BBbgcI27cak-00874-00228183-00228455 the device you need to ask for the
+BBbgcI27cak-00875-00228456-00228646 membership in the lora alliance
+BBbgcI27cak-00876-00228648-00229006 organization and on this web page
+BBbgcI27cak-00877-00229007-00229310 there is a certification procedure
+BBbgcI27cak-00878-00229311-00229510 of course you need to provide the
+BBbgcI27cak-00879-00229511-00229687 documentation of the products
+BBbgcI27cak-00880-00229688-00229910 hardware firmware software so typical
+BBbgcI27cak-00881-00229911-00230134 typical certification
+BBbgcI27cak-00882-00230135-00230479 and pay we have several authorized
+BBbgcI27cak-00883-00230480-00230598 testing house
+BBbgcI27cak-00884-00230600-00230894 and tests are related to physical and
+BBbgcI27cak-00885-00230896-00231031 mac layer
+BBbgcI27cak-00886-00231032-00231294 because mac layer includes some some
+BBbgcI27cak-00887-00231296-00231503 some timings
+BBbgcI27cak-00888-00231504-00231798 as you remember the rx cloths for
+BBbgcI27cak-00889-00231800-00231967 example
+BBbgcI27cak-00890-00231967-00232215 so time time is something state machine
+BBbgcI27cak-00891-00232216-00232558 is implemented
+BBbgcI27cak-00892-00232559-00232871 but the lora certification
+BBbgcI27cak-00893-00232871-00233263 doesn't cover the ce certification
+BBbgcI27cak-00894-00233264-00233567 for ce certification
+BBbgcI27cak-00895-00233567-00234039 you need to be in line with this norm
+BBbgcI27cak-00896-00234040-00234423 and fortunately the certification house
+BBbgcI27cak-00897-00234423-00234798 always covers the ce certification
+BBbgcI27cak-00898-00234800-00235031 but it means the higher payment the
+BBbgcI27cak-00899-00235032-00235182 example of the
+BBbgcI27cak-00900-00235183-00235551 authorized test houses
+BBbgcI27cak-00901-00235552-00236504 so quite obvious ones i think
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00000-00000152-00000383 we use microphones most of the time
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00001-00000384-00000726 microphones are in airpods earphones
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00002-00000727-00000935 even in your mobile phones and also you
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00003-00000936-00001247 might have seen singers or podcasters
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00004-00001248-00001439 recording in a studio singing or
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00005-00001440-00001655 speaking to a microphone whether you are
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00006-00001655-00001855 plucking drumming singing or speaking
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00007-00001855-00002239 microphone creates a high quality audio
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00008-00002240-00002495 but how do these microphones work
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00009-00002496-00002695 that is something that we will explore
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00010-00002696-00002934 in this video
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00011-00002935-00003102 all right now there are different types
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00012-00003103-00003351 of microphones and one thing common in
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00013-00003352-00003599 all of the microphones is that it takes
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00014-00003600-00003879 in sound waves which is also called
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00015-00003879-00004095 which is also called a pressure wave as
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00016-00004096-00004343 it changes air pressure near its source
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00017-00004344-00004567 it takes in a pressure wave and changes
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00018-00004568-00004911 it and changes it into electrical energy
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00019-00004912-00005127 something like a voltage signal
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00020-00005128-00005311 it is taking in variations in air
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00021-00005312-00005438 pressure and changing it into
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00022-00005439-00005567 electricity
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00023-00005568-00005791 all of the microphones do this and there
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00024-00005792-00005975 are many types of microphones there is
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00025-00005976-00006231 dynamic electric condenser they carry
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00026-00006232-00006478 out the same process but with different
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00027-00006479-00006591 methods
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00028-00006592-00006846 here we will look into how condenser
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00029-00006847-00007134 microphones change audio signal to an
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00030-00007136-00007359 electrical signal
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00031-00007359-00007542 let's briefly talk about its structure
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00032-00007543-00007823 first and then the physics of it
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00033-00007823-00008063 so here we have a condenser microphone
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00034-00008064-00008303 and inside of the microphone there is a
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00035-00008304-00008623 metal ring this is a metal ring with two
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00036-00008624-00008983 metal plates attached at both the ends
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00037-00008984-00009223 one plate is called a diaphragm this is
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00038-00009224-00009374 a diaphragm
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00039-00009375-00009606 and the other that you cannot see here
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00040-00009607-00009767 it is on the other side
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00041-00009768-00009927 it is at the back that is called a back
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00042-00009928-00010191 plate and these plates are mostly coated
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00043-00010192-00010583 with gold because gold doesn't corrode
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00044-00010584-00010767 and this is how it looks like here you
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00045-00010768-00010919 see the metal ring and this is a
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00046-00010920-00011135 diaphragm on the other side there is a
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00047-00011136-00011367 back plate which is also a metal plate
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00048-00011368-00011574 now let's look at a sectional view let's
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00049-00011575-00011806 look at it from an angle so for that let
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00050-00011807-00012046 me make some space first
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00051-00012047-00012278 okay here we have a mic and here we have
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00052-00012279-00012463 the metal ring at the top and this is
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00053-00012464-00012638 this right here is the diaphragm this is
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00054-00012639-00012846 the back plate and both of the plates
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00055-00012847-00013079 are connected to a battery
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00056-00013080-00013238 in between these plates there is an
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00057-00013240-00013486 insulator that is usually air because
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00058-00013487-00013711 air is an insulator
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00059-00013712-00013886 this setup now starts acting as a
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00060-00013887-00014063 capacitor because you have one positive
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00061-00014063-00014247 plate and you have one negative plate
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00062-00014247-00014383 and there is an insulator there is a
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00063-00014384-00014615 dielectric between them so this starts
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00064-00014616-00014815 behaving like a capacitor
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00065-00014816-00015007 now let's go back to the main process
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00066-00015008-00015207 the main function of a microphone it
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00067-00015208-00015591 converts one form of energy into another
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00068-00015591-00015750 sound energy or variations in air
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00069-00015751-00015999 pressure into electrical energy how do
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00070-00016000-00016303 we get electricity out of mechanical
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00071-00016304-00016591 motion of air particles which produce
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00072-00016592-00016758 sound
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00073-00016759-00017039 one thing that we can be certain of is
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00074-00017040-00017311 that since the pressure of the air is
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00075-00017312-00017535 varying it is changing because of
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00076-00017536-00017807 someone speaking into the mic the final
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00077-00017808-00018007 electrical signal that we are interested
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00078-00018008-00018335 in should also vary and change right
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00079-00018336-00018558 we know that a sound wave can be plotted
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00080-00018559-00018758 like you can plot pressure to distance
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00081-00018759-00018927 pressure versus distance and the plot
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00082-00018928-00019119 could look somewhat like this
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00083-00019120-00019311 you will have points of very high
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00084-00019312-00019519 pressure these are compressions and you
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00085-00019520-00019703 have points of negative pressure which
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00086-00019704-00019886 are rear fractions
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00087-00019887-00020079 so if the input audio signal is changing
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00088-00020080-00020271 the output electrical signal should also
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00089-00020272-00020399 change right
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00090-00020400-00020599 other than this you would also want the
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00091-00020600-00020847 pitch of your voice to be the same right
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00092-00020848-00021022 if someone has a heavy voice and they're
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00093-00021023-00021294 speaking into the mic when you hear your
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00094-00021295-00021494 recording you should be able to hear the
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00095-00021495-00021735 same pitch right the pitch should match
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00096-00021736-00021958 and pitch is defined by the frequency so
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00097-00021959-00022143 that means the frequency of the
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00098-00022144-00022343 electrical voltage signal should also be
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00099-00022344-00022527 the same as the frequency of the sound
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00100-00022528-00022655 wave coming in
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00101-00022656-00022903 we can we can increase the amplitude of
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00102-00022904-00023158 the electrical signal later by running
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00103-00023159-00023335 it across an amplifier so we need not
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00104-00023336-00023558 worry about the loudness for now one
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00105-00023559-00023727 thing that we can worry about is keeping
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00106-00023728-00023967 the pit same so our voltage signal
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00107-00023968-00024191 electrical signal should kind of mimic
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00108-00024192-00024414 or copy the audio signal coming in it
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00109-00024415-00024575 should have the same frequency and that
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00110-00024576-00024839 means it will also vary just like just
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00111-00024840-00025039 like the audio signal
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00112-00025040-00025286 now the question is how do we get the
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00113-00025287-00025527 voltage changing
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00114-00025528-00025831 we know that if a capacitor is connected
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00115-00025832-00026070 across a battery it will start storing
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00116-00026072-00026199 charge
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00117-00026200-00026343 there will be a plate for the positive
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00118-00026344-00026558 charge in this case the back plate this
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00119-00026560-00026758 is the back plate this will have a
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00120-00026760-00026999 positive charge and the the diaphragm
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00121-00027000-00027174 the other plate that will have a
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00122-00027175-00027351 negative charge
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00123-00027352-00027518 and in some time it will get fully
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00124-00027519-00027767 charged because of which a potential
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00125-00027768-00028062 will develop across the capacitor
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00126-00028063-00028390 so maybe if we change the voltage of the
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00127-00028391-00028702 capacitor at a certain frequency which
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00128-00028704-00028902 matches the frequency of the audio
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00129-00028904-00029239 signal maybe our job might be done then
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00130-00029239-00029439 now how can we change the voltage across
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00131-00029439-00029711 the capacitor we could we could change
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00132-00029712-00029958 the amount of charge on these two plates
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00133-00029960-00030214 and make the voltage change but the
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00134-00030216-00030470 voltage should mimic or copy the audio
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00135-00030472-00030614 signal right it should have the same
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00136-00030616-00030839 frequency at all times how do we make
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00137-00030839-00031167 the charge move instantaneously from one
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00138-00031168-00031374 plate to other exactly knowing the
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00139-00031375-00031607 frequency of the coming sound so that we
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00140-00031608-00031783 are able to change the voltage according
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00141-00031783-00031879 to that
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00142-00031880-00032062 that that seems difficult
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00143-00032063-00032279 that seems quite difficult instead of
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00144-00032280-00032527 changing charge to change voltage we can
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00145-00032527-00032839 also change the capacitance itself right
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00146-00032840-00033079 so what are the ways of doing that
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00147-00033080-00033327 capacitance depends on just the physical
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00148-00033328-00033487 characteristics of
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00149-00033488-00033759 the plates so it's area the material
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00150-00033760-00033999 between the plates and also the distance
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00151-00034000-00034287 between the plates
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00152-00034288-00034487 changing the material in between or the
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00153-00034488-00034695 area would be a difficult task right no
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00154-00034696-00034902 one is getting inside a mic to do that
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00155-00034903-00035143 all the time we can however change the
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00156-00035144-00035343 distance between the plates
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00157-00035344-00035567 and turns out that is what happens the
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00158-00035568-00035823 dye from this drive round that you see
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00159-00035824-00036183 it is extremely extremely thin so thin
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00160-00036184-00036374 that when the pressure wave when the
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00161-00036375-00036535 sound waves are coming in and when they
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00162-00036536-00036846 strike it it starts vibrating
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00163-00036847-00037007 when there is a compression it is pushed
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00164-00037008-00037167 inside and when there is a rear faction
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00165-00037168-00037471 it is kind of pulled outside
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00166-00037472-00037662 and how will that look that could look
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00167-00037663-00037830 somewhat like this so let's say you have
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00168-00037831-00037967 sound waves coming in from the left hand
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00169-00037968-00038062 side
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00170-00038063-00038239 and when there is a compression it
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00171-00038240-00038479 pushes the diaphragm inside and when
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00172-00038480-00038662 there is a rarefaction it pulls it
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00173-00038663-00038902 outside so constant sound waves coming
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00174-00038903-00039167 in also vibrates a diaphragm according
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00175-00039168-00039311 to that
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00176-00039312-00039479 when the diaphragm is pushed inside the
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00177-00039480-00039639 distance decreases and we know that
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00178-00039640-00039862 capacitance is epsilon naught
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00179-00039863-00040102 a divided by d so nothing in the top is
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00180-00040103-00040295 changing but d is
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00181-00040296-00040495 decreasing which means the capacitance
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00182-00040496-00040718 should increase
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00183-00040719-00040927 okay so this is great because now we
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00184-00040928-00041127 know that capacitance can change and it
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00185-00041128-00041374 can change totally mimicking or copying
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00186-00041375-00041646 the audio signal but we wanted a varying
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00187-00041647-00041943 voltage something that can be recorded
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00188-00041944-00042262 so if the capacitance is changing then
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00189-00042263-00042543 the voltage should also change right
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00190-00042544-00042758 because we know that q this is equal to
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00191-00042759-00042927 c into v
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00192-00042928-00043239 there is there is one problem over here
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00193-00043240-00043527 if the capacitance increases if this
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00194-00043528-00043639 increases
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00195-00043640-00043839 then if there is just a capacitor and a
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00196-00043840-00043999 battery in the circuit
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00197-00044000-00044183 the voltage across the capacitor will
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00198-00044184-00044430 always be fixed it is equal to the
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00199-00044431-00044590 battery voltage
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00200-00044591-00044855 vb this is equal to
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00201-00044856-00045118 the voltage across the capacitor vb is
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00202-00045119-00045295 the battery voltage so when the
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00203-00045296-00045574 capacitance increases more charge gets
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00204-00045575-00045839 stored on the plates and there is no
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00205-00045840-00046023 change in the voltage
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00206-00046024-00046279 so if we are somehow able to make the
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00207-00046280-00046599 charge fixed on both of these plates
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00208-00046600-00046862 then changing the capacitance will lead
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00209-00046863-00047279 to the change in voltage right
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00210-00047280-00047567 so for that what we can do is we can add
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00211-00047568-00047839 a huge amount of resistance over here
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00212-00047840-00048118 something something around 1 giga ohms
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00213-00048119-00048399 or mega ohms so this resistor it will
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00214-00048400-00048727 keep the charge on the plates constant
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00215-00048728-00048974 there won't be any movement of charge
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00216-00048975-00049199 now when the capacitor increases now
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00217-00049200-00049423 when the capacitor increases the charge
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00218-00049424-00049558 is fixed
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00219-00049559-00049862 and the voltage decreases so that their
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00220-00049863-00050102 product is equal to the fixed charge on
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00221-00050103-00050223 the plates
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00222-00050224-00050551 this means that now vb this is no longer
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00223-00050552-00050862 equal to vc it is no longer equal to vc
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00224-00050863-00051071 because vc has decreased right if
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00225-00051072-00051238 capacitance has increased the potential
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00226-00051239-00051430 across the capacitor has decreased and
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00227-00051432-00051630 if capacitance decreases then the
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00228-00051632-00051799 potential would increase
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00229-00051800-00052007 so if vc is decreasing if it is
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00230-00052008-00052263 decreasing then there must be one
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00231-00052264-00052494 another voltage drop so that the
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00232-00052495-00052735 addition is still equal to the battery
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00233-00052736-00052838 voltage
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00234-00052839-00053119 and that and that is across the resistor
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00235-00053120-00053282 that is across the
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00236-00053283-00053654 resistor then it becomes equal to
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00237-00053655-00053894 the battery voltage so for for example
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00238-00053895-00054094 if let's say initially the voltage
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00239-00054095-00054287 across the capacitor which was equal to
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00240-00054288-00054471 the battery voltage and that was let's
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00241-00054472-00054815 say 48 volts when the capacitance has
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00242-00054816-00055111 increased some voltage decreased so now
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00243-00055112-00055375 let's say the voltage is 34
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00244-00055376-00055638 less than less than 48 so the extra
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00245-00055639-00055871 voltage drop that is coming from the
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00246-00055872-00056094 resistor there is some voltage drop
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00247-00056095-00056319 across this resistance and in this case
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00248-00056320-00056591 that would be 14 specifically and
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00249-00056591-00056830 similarly if the if the capacitance
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00250-00056832-00057015 decreased then the voltage would
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00251-00057016-00057254 increase it would become more than 48
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00252-00057255-00057542 maybe maybe 60. then the voltage across
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00253-00057544-00057791 c resistance would be minus minus 12 it
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00254-00057791-00058030 would switch polarity but their addition
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00255-00058032-00058175 always comes out to be equal to the
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00256-00058176-00058359 battery voltage
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00257-00058360-00058575 so as the capacitance oscillates with
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00258-00058576-00058766 the same frequency as that of the sound
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00259-00058767-00059142 wave that leads to voltage change again
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00260-00059144-00059375 in with the same frequency
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00261-00059376-00059647 and this leads to a voltage drop across
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00262-00059648-00059863 the resistor again with the same
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00263-00059864-00060175 frequency completely mimicking the input
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00264-00060176-00060423 audio signal and then this signal
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00265-00060424-00060623 finally let's see how that looks like
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00266-00060624-00060911 this signal is read across a register
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00267-00060912-00061135 that is then sent to the amplifier to
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00268-00061136-00061359 increase the amplitude and if there is a
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00269-00061360-00061535 phase difference that is also taken care
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00270-00061536-00061679 of
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00271-00061679-00061903 all right so that is our condenser and
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00272-00061904-00062079 it is usually called a capacitor that is
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00273-00062079-00062335 how a capacitor microphone changes audio
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00274-00062336-00062559 energy into electrical energy using
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00275-00062560-00062679 capacitor
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00276-00062679-00062950 sound waves strike the thin diaphragm
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00277-00062951-00063087 changing the capacitance of the
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00278-00063088-00063294 capacitor which leads to a change in
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00279-00063295-00063519 voltage that leads to a voltage drop
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00280-00063520-00063671 across the resistor which is then
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00281-00063672-00063903 recorded and sent to other components in
+BC-Ep4DNubA-00282-00063904-00064220 the circuit
+BD3XblVu06u-00000-00000007-00000364 in mathematics an action of a group is a
+BD3XblVu06u-00001-00000365-00000599 formal way of interpreting the manner in
+BD3XblVu06u-00002-00000600-00000740 which the elements of the group
+BD3XblVu06u-00003-00000741-00000977 correspond to transformations of some
+BD3XblVu06u-00004-00000977-00001174 space in a way that preserves the
+BD3XblVu06u-00005-00001175-00001495 structure of that space common examples
+BD3XblVu06u-00006-00001496-00001730 of spaces that groups act on assets
+BD3XblVu06u-00007-00001730-00002062 vector spaces and topological spaces
+BD3XblVu06u-00008-00002063-00002366 actions of groups on vector spaces are
+BD3XblVu06u-00009-00002367-00002701 called representations of the group when
+BD3XblVu06u-00010-00002702-00002884 there is a natural correspondence
+BD3XblVu06u-00011-00002885-00003091 between the set of group elements and
+BD3XblVu06u-00012-00003092-00003326 the set of space transformations a group
+BD3XblVu06u-00013-00003327-00003529 can be interpreted as acting on the
+BD3XblVu06u-00014-00003530-00003895 space in a canonical way for example the
+BD3XblVu06u-00015-00003896-00004163 symmetric group of a finite set consists
+BD3XblVu06u-00016-00004164-00004381 of all by jecht of transformations of
+BD3XblVu06u-00017-00004382-00004619 that set thus applying any element of
+BD3XblVu06u-00018-00004620-00004835 the permutation group to an element of
+BD3XblVu06u-00019-00004836-00005020 the set will produce another not
+BD3XblVu06u-00020-00005021-00005263 necessarily distinct element of the set
+BD3XblVu06u-00021-00005264-00005561 more generally symmetry groups such as
+BD3XblVu06u-00022-00005562-00005779 the homeomorphism group of a topological
+BD3XblVu06u-00023-00005780-00006052 space or the general linear group of a
+BD3XblVu06u-00024-00006053-00006268 vector space as well as the subgroups
+BD3XblVu06u-00025-00006269-00006617 also admit canonical actions for other
+BD3XblVu06u-00026-00006618-00006875 groups an interpretation of the group in
+BD3XblVu06u-00027-00006876-00007060 terms of an action may have to be
+BD3XblVu06u-00028-00007061-00007295 specified either because the group does
+BD3XblVu06u-00029-00007295-00007508 not act canonically on any space or
+BD3XblVu06u-00030-00007509-00007733 because the canonical action is not the
+BD3XblVu06u-00031-00007734-00008059 action of interest for example we can
+BD3XblVu06u-00032-00008061-00008278 specify an action of the two elements
+BD3XblVu06u-00033-00008279-00009289 cyclic group c2 equals zero one display
+BD3XblVu06u-00034-00009290-00009631 style mathram see underscore two equals
+BD3XblVu06u-00035-00009632-00010580 zero 1 on the finite set a b c display
+BD3XblVu06u-00036-00010581-00011063 style 8b c by specifying that zero the
+BD3XblVu06u-00037-00011064-00012291 identity element sends a a b b c c2
+BD3XblVu06u-00038-00012292-00012704 Matt stoie B maps Toby C maps Tosi and
+BD3XblVu06u-00039-00012705-00013899 that one sends a b b a c c display
+BD3XblVu06u-00040-00013900-00014241 starlet maps toby B maps tow a C maps
+BD3XblVu06u-00041-00014241-00014657 Tosi this action is not canonical a
+BD3XblVu06u-00042-00014658-00014931 common way of specifying non-canonical
+BD3XblVu06u-00043-00014932-00015254 actions is to describe a homomorphism
+BD3XblVu06u-00044-00015255-00015834 phi display style barfi from a group g
+BD3XblVu06u-00045-00015835-00016075 to the group of symmetries of a set X
+BD3XblVu06u-00046-00016076-00016555 the action of an element G
+BD3XblVu06u-00047-00016556-00017112 element of G display style G in G on a
+BD3XblVu06u-00048-00017113-00017929 point X element of X display style X in
+BD3XblVu06u-00049-00017930-00018274 X is assumed to be identical to the
+BD3XblVu06u-00050-00018275-00019038 action of its image Phi G element of sim
+BD3XblVu06u-00051-00019039-00019707 X display style barfy G in text sim X on
+BD3XblVu06u-00052-00019708-00020350 the point X display style X the
+BD3XblVu06u-00053-00020351-00020561 homomorphism
+BD3XblVu06u-00054-00020562-00021038 by display style barfi is also
+BD3XblVu06u-00055-00021039-00021410 frequently called the action of G since
+BD3XblVu06u-00056-00021411-00022018 specifying Phi display style barfi is
+BD3XblVu06u-00057-00022019-00022367 equivalent to specifying an action thus
+BD3XblVu06u-00058-00022368-00022652 if G is a group and X is a set then an
+BD3XblVu06u-00059-00022653-00022871 action of G on X may be formally defined
+BD3XblVu06u-00060-00022872-00023386 as a group homomorphism Phi display
+BD3XblVu06u-00061-00023387-00023761 style barfi from G to the symmetric
+BD3XblVu06u-00062-00023762-00023963 group of X the action assigns a
+BD3XblVu06u-00063-00023964-00024200 permutation of X to each element of the
+BD3XblVu06u-00064-00024201-00024547 group in such a way that the identity
+BD3XblVu06u-00065-00024548-00024784 element of G is assigned the identity
+BD3XblVu06u-00066-00024785-00025159 transformation of X any product GK of
+BD3XblVu06u-00067-00025160-00025358 two elements of G is assigned the
+BD3XblVu06u-00068-00025359-00025606 composition of the permutations assigned
+BD3XblVu06u-00069-00025607-00025894 to G and K if X has additional structure
+BD3XblVu06u-00070-00025895-00026525 then Phi display style barfi is only
+BD3XblVu06u-00071-00026526-00026951 called an action if for each G element
+BD3XblVu06u-00072-00026952-00027565 of G display style G in G the
+BD3XblVu06u-00073-00027566-00028336 permutation Phi G display style barfi G
+BD3XblVu06u-00074-00028337-00028676 preserves the structure of X the
+BD3XblVu06u-00075-00028677-00028943 abstraction provided by group actions is
+BD3XblVu06u-00076-00028944-00029137 a powerful one because it allows
+BD3XblVu06u-00077-00029138-00029395 geometrical ideas to be applied to more
+BD3XblVu06u-00078-00029397-00029708 abstract objects many objects in
+BD3XblVu06u-00079-00029708-00029965 mathematics have natural group actions
+BD3XblVu06u-00080-00029966-00030262 defined on them in particular groups can
+BD3XblVu06u-00081-00030263-00030452 act on other groups or even on
+BD3XblVu06u-00082-00030452-00030761 themselves because of this generality
+BD3XblVu06u-00083-00030762-00030998 the theory of group actions contains
+BD3XblVu06u-00084-00030999-00031264 wide-reaching theorems such as the orbit
+BD3XblVu06u-00085-00031266-00031499 stabilizer theorem which can be used to
+BD3XblVu06u-00086-00031500-00032265 prove deep results in several fields
+BD3XblVu06u-00087-00032266-00032809 topic definition
+BD3XblVu06u-00088-00032810-00033152 you
+BD3XblVu06u-00089-00033153-00033728 topic left group action
+BD3XblVu06u-00090-00033729-00034031 if G is a group and X is a set then at
+BD3XblVu06u-00091-00034032-00034292 left group action Phi of G on X is a
+BD3XblVu06u-00092-00034293-00035965 function Phi G times X X G X Phi G X
+BD3XblVu06u-00093-00035966-00036488 display style barfi : G times X - X : G
+BD3XblVu06u-00094-00036489-00037025 X maps tow barfi G X that satisfies the
+BD3XblVu06u-00095-00037026-00037268 following two axioms where we denote phi
+BD3XblVu06u-00096-00037269-00037928 g x as GX identity e^x equals x for all
+BD3XblVu06u-00097-00037929-00038231 x in x here EDA notes the identity
+BD3XblVu06u-00098-00038232-00038732 element of the group G compatibility GH
+BD3XblVu06u-00099-00038733-00039188 x equals g HX for all G H in G and all X
+BD3XblVu06u-00100-00039189-00039476 in X here G H denotes the result of
+BD3XblVu06u-00101-00039477-00039701 applying the group operation of G to the
+BD3XblVu06u-00102-00039702-00039974 elements G and H the group G is said to
+BD3XblVu06u-00103-00039975-00040328 act on X on the left the set X is called
+BD3XblVu06u-00104-00040329-00040724 at left G set from these two axioms it
+BD3XblVu06u-00105-00040725-00040973 follows that for every G in G the
+BD3XblVu06u-00106-00040974-00041255 function which maps X in X to GX is a
+BD3XblVu06u-00107-00041256-00041531 bijective map from X to X its inverse
+BD3XblVu06u-00108-00041532-00041768 being the function which maps X to G
+BD3XblVu06u-00109-00041769-00042074 minus One X therefore one may
+BD3XblVu06u-00110-00042075-00042332 alternatively define a group action of G
+BD3XblVu06u-00111-00042333-00042632 on X as a group homomorphism from G into
+BD3XblVu06u-00112-00042633-00042908 the symmetric group sim x of all by jek
+BD3XblVu06u-00113-00042909-00043546 shion's from X to X
+BD3XblVu06u-00114-00043547-00044110 topic right group action
+BD3XblVu06u-00115-00044111-00044371 in complete analogy one can define a
+BD3XblVu06u-00116-00044372-00044605 right group action of G on X as an
+BD3XblVu06u-00117-00044606-00045036 operation X times G X mapping X G 2 X G
+BD3XblVu06u-00118-00045037-00045486 and satisfying the two axioms identity
+BD3XblVu06u-00119-00045487-00046020 XC equals x for all x in x
+BD3XblVu06u-00120-00046021-00046714 Pat ability xgh
+BD3XblVu06u-00121-00046715-00047197 topic X G H for all G H in G and all X
+BD3XblVu06u-00122-00047198-00047464 in X the difference between left and
+BD3XblVu06u-00123-00047465-00047735 right actions is in the order in which a
+BD3XblVu06u-00124-00047736-00048136 product like G H acts on X for a left
+BD3XblVu06u-00125-00048137-00048463 action H acts first and is followed by G
+BD3XblVu06u-00126-00048464-00048739 while for a right action G acts first
+BD3XblVu06u-00127-00048740-00049090 and is followed by H because of the
+BD3XblVu06u-00128-00049091-00049709 formula G H minus 1
+BD3XblVu06u-00129-00049710-00050027 h minus one gram minus one one can
+BD3XblVu06u-00130-00050028-00050231 construct a left action from a right
+BD3XblVu06u-00131-00050232-00050453 action by composing with the inverse
+BD3XblVu06u-00132-00050454-00050768 operation of the group also a right
+BD3XblVu06u-00133-00050769-00051014 action of a group G on X is the same
+BD3XblVu06u-00134-00051015-00051229 thing as a left action of its opposite
+BD3XblVu06u-00135-00051230-00051473 group got on X it is thus sufficient to
+BD3XblVu06u-00136-00051474-00051704 only consider left actions without any
+BD3XblVu06u-00137-00051704-00052362 loss of generality
+BD3XblVu06u-00138-00052363-00053097 topic types of actions the action of G
+BD3XblVu06u-00139-00053098-00053478 on X is called transitive if X is non
+BD3XblVu06u-00140-00053479-00053732 empty and if for each pair X Y in X
+BD3XblVu06u-00141-00053733-00054012 there exists a G in G such that G X
+BD3XblVu06u-00142-00054013-00054372 equals y for example the action of the
+BD3XblVu06u-00143-00054373-00054617 symmetric group of X is transitive the
+BD3XblVu06u-00144-00054619-00054834 action of the general linear group or
+BD3XblVu06u-00145-00054835-00055037 the special linear group of a vector
+BD3XblVu06u-00146-00055038-00055353 space V on V 0 is transitive but the
+BD3XblVu06u-00147-00055354-00055541 action of the orthogonal group of a
+BD3XblVu06u-00148-00055542-00055821 Euclidean space E is not transitive on e
+BD3XblVu06u-00149-00055822-00056112 0 it is transitive on the unit sphere of
+BD3XblVu06u-00150-00056113-00056496 V though faithful or effective if for
+BD3XblVu06u-00151-00056497-00056787 every two distinct G H in G there exists
+BD3XblVu06u-00152-00056788-00057009 an X in X such that G X does not equal
+BD3XblVu06u-00153-00057010-00057336 HX or equivalently if for each G does
+BD3XblVu06u-00154-00057337-00057603 not equal e in G there exists an X in X
+BD3XblVu06u-00155-00057604-00057944 such that G X does not equal X in other
+BD3XblVu06u-00156-00057945-00058175 words in a faithful group action
+BD3XblVu06u-00157-00058176-00058365 different elements of G induced
+BD3XblVu06u-00158-00058366-00058623 different permutations of X in algebraic
+BD3XblVu06u-00159-00058624-00058925 terms a group G acts faithfully on X if
+BD3XblVu06u-00160-00058926-00059087 and only if the corresponding
+BD3XblVu06u-00161-00059088-00059337 homomorphism to the symmetric group G
+BD3XblVu06u-00162-00059338-00059712 sym X has a trivial kernel thus for a
+BD3XblVu06u-00163-00059713-00059937 faithful action G embeds into a
+BD3XblVu06u-00164-00059938-00060261 permutation group on X specifically G is
+BD3XblVu06u-00165-00060262-00060641 isomorphic to its image in Tsim X if G
+BD3XblVu06u-00166-00060642-00060873 does not act faithfully on X one can
+BD3XblVu06u-00167-00060874-00061074 easily modify the group to obtain a
+BD3XblVu06u-00168-00061075-00061757 faithful action if we define n
+BD3XblVu06u-00169-00061758-00062445 topic G in g GX
+BD3XblVu06u-00170-00062446-00062769 X for all X in X then n is a normal
+BD3XblVu06u-00171-00062770-00063038 subgroup of G indeed it is the kernel of
+BD3XblVu06u-00172-00063039-00063420 the homomorphism G sim X the factor
+BD3XblVu06u-00173-00063421-00063669 group G n acts faithfully on x by
+BD3XblVu06u-00174-00063670-00064242 setting g NX
+BD3XblVu06u-00175-00064244-00064686 topic GX the original action of G on X
+BD3XblVu06u-00176-00064687-00065341 is faithful if and only if n
+BD3XblVu06u-00177-00065341-00065818 II free or semi-regular or fixpoint free
+BD3XblVu06u-00178-00065819-00066166 if given G H in G the existence of an X
+BD3XblVu06u-00179-00066167-00066727 in X with GX
+BD3XblVu06u-00180-00066728-00067378 topic HX implies G
+BD3XblVu06u-00181-00067379-00067699 Aitch equivalently if g is a group
+BD3XblVu06u-00182-00067700-00067939 element and there exists an X in X with
+BD3XblVu06u-00183-00067940-00068251 GX equals X that is if G has at least
+BD3XblVu06u-00184-00068252-00068535 one fixed point then G is the identity
+BD3XblVu06u-00185-00068536-00068815 note that a free action on a non-empty
+BD3XblVu06u-00186-00068816-00069187 set is faithful regular or simply
+BD3XblVu06u-00187-00069188-00069451 transitive or sharply transitive if it
+BD3XblVu06u-00188-00069452-00069673 is both transitive and free this is
+BD3XblVu06u-00189-00069674-00069886 equivalent to saying that for every two
+BD3XblVu06u-00190-00069887-00070204 X Y in X there exists precisely one gram
+BD3XblVu06u-00191-00070205-00070567 in G such that GX equals Y in this case
+BD3XblVu06u-00192-00070568-00070846 X is called a principal homogeneous
+BD3XblVu06u-00193-00070847-00071215 space for G or a G taller the action of
+BD3XblVu06u-00194-00071216-00071425 any group G on itself by left
+BD3XblVu06u-00195-00071426-00071638 multiplication is regular and thus
+BD3XblVu06u-00196-00071639-00071929 faithful as well every group can
+BD3XblVu06u-00197-00071930-00072151 therefore be embedded in the symmetric
+BD3XblVu06u-00198-00072152-00072490 group on its own elements simp G this
+BD3XblVu06u-00199-00072491-00072810 result is known as Kaylee's theorem and
+BD3XblVu06u-00200-00072811-00073102 transitive if X has at least n elements
+BD3XblVu06u-00201-00073103-00073573 and for all pairwise distinct x1 xn and
+BD3XblVu06u-00202-00073574-00074020 pairwise distinct y1 and there is a G in
+BD3XblVu06u-00203-00074021-00074409 G such that GX K equals y K for one KN a
+BD3XblVu06u-00204-00074410-00074716 to transitive action is also called
+BD3XblVu06u-00205-00074717-00074947 doubly transitive a three transitive
+BD3XblVu06u-00206-00074948-00075202 action is also called triply transitive
+BD3XblVu06u-00207-00075203-00075514 and so on such actions define
+BD3XblVu06u-00208-00075515-00075742 interesting classes of subgroups in the
+BD3XblVu06u-00209-00075743-00075979 symmetric groups to transitive groups
+BD3XblVu06u-00210-00075980-00076219 and more generally multiplied transitive
+BD3XblVu06u-00211-00076220-00076501 groups the action of the symmetric group
+BD3XblVu06u-00212-00076502-00076768 on a set with n elements is always n
+BD3XblVu06u-00213-00076769-00076990 transitive the action of the alternating
+BD3XblVu06u-00214-00076991-00077374 group is n to transitive sharply and
+BD3XblVu06u-00215-00077375-00077632 transitive if there is exactly one such
+BD3XblVu06u-00216-00077633-00077998 G primitive if it is transitive and
+BD3XblVu06u-00217-00077999-00078265 preserves no non-trivial partition of XC
+BD3XblVu06u-00218-00078266-00078678 primitive permutation group for details
+BD3XblVu06u-00219-00078679-00079000 locally free if G is a topological group
+BD3XblVu06u-00220-00079001-00079228 and there is a neighborhood U of e in G
+BD3XblVu06u-00221-00079229-00079438 such that the restriction of the action
+BD3XblVu06u-00222-00079439-00080103 to you is free that is if GX
+BD3XblVu06u-00223-00080104-00080493 topic X for some X and some G in U then
+BD3XblVu06u-00224-00080494-00080909 G
+BD3XblVu06u-00225-00080910-00081593 II furthermore if G display style G acts
+BD3XblVu06u-00226-00081594-00082171 on a topological space x display style X
+BD3XblVu06u-00227-00082172-00082568 then the action is wandering if every
+BD3XblVu06u-00228-00082569-00083318 point X element of X display style X in
+BD3XblVu06u-00229-00083319-00083959 X has a neighborhood you display style u
+BD3XblVu06u-00230-00083960-00085151 such that G element of G G u u does not
+BD3XblVu06u-00231-00085152-00085727 equal display style G in G G cdotu cap
+BD3XblVu06u-00232-00085728-00086123 une q empty set is finite
+BD3XblVu06u-00233-00086124-00086618 for example the action of said
+BD3XblVu06u-00234-00086619-00086987 n display style math be Zed
+BD3XblVu06u-00235-00086988-00087749 carrot n on are n display style maths be
+BD3XblVu06u-00236-00087750-00088133 our carrot n by translations is
+BD3XblVu06u-00237-00088134-00088403 wandering the action of the modular
+BD3XblVu06u-00238-00088404-00088634 group on the Poincare a half plane is
+BD3XblVu06u-00239-00088635-00089038 also wandering properly discontinuous if
+BD3XblVu06u-00240-00089039-00089600 X display style X is a locally compact
+BD3XblVu06u-00241-00089601-00090211 space and for every compact subset K X
+BD3XblVu06u-00242-00090212-00090829 display style K subset X the set G
+BD3XblVu06u-00243-00090830-00091801 element of G G K K does not equal
+BD3XblVu06u-00244-00091802-00092264 display style G in G G K cap K n eq
+BD3XblVu06u-00245-00092265-00092687 empty set is finite the wandering
+BD3XblVu06u-00246-00092688-00092930 actions given above are also properly
+BD3XblVu06u-00247-00092931-00093209 discontinuous on the other hand the
+BD3XblVu06u-00248-00093210-00093668 action of said display style math be
+BD3XblVu06u-00249-00093669-00094547 said on our to zero display style math
+BD3XblVu06u-00250-00094548-00095030 be our carrot - set - zero by the linear
+BD3XblVu06u-00251-00095031-00096458 map X Y - X 1/2 Y display style X Y maps
+BD3XblVu06u-00252-00096459-00096935 toe - X 1/2 Y is wandering and free but
+BD3XblVu06u-00253-00096936-00097477 not properly discontinuous proper if G
+BD3XblVu06u-00254-00097478-00097907 display style G is a topological group
+BD3XblVu06u-00255-00097908-00099280 and the map from G times X x times X G X
+BD3XblVu06u-00256-00099281-00100031 G X X display style G times X right
+BD3XblVu06u-00257-00100032-00100457 arrow x times X sadface G X maps toe G
+BD3XblVu06u-00258-00100458-00101015 see do T X X is proper if G is discrete
+BD3XblVu06u-00259-00101016-00101252 then properness is equivalent to proper
+BD3XblVu06u-00260-00101253-00101651 discontinuity for G actions said to have
+BD3XblVu06u-00261-00101652-00102037 discrete orbits if the orbit of each X
+BD3XblVu06u-00262-00102038-00102769 element of X display style X in X under
+BD3XblVu06u-00263-00102770-00103297 the action of G display style G is
+BD3XblVu06u-00264-00103298-00103981 discrete in X display style X if X is a
+BD3XblVu06u-00265-00103982-00104236 non zero module over a ring R and the
+BD3XblVu06u-00266-00104238-00104467 action of G is are linear then it is
+BD3XblVu06u-00267-00104468-00104809 said to be irreducible if there is no
+BD3XblVu06u-00268-00104810-00105579 non zero proper invariant sub-module
+BD3XblVu06u-00269-00105580-00106224 topic orbits and stabilizers
+BD3XblVu06u-00270-00106225-00106518 consider a group G acting on a set X the
+BD3XblVu06u-00271-00106519-00106788 orbit of an element X in X is the set of
+BD3XblVu06u-00272-00106789-00107033 elements in X to which X can be moved by
+BD3XblVu06u-00273-00107034-00107271 the elements of G the orbit of X is
+BD3XblVu06u-00274-00107272-00108483 denoted by G X G X equals G X G element
+BD3XblVu06u-00275-00108483-00109068 of G displaced are g c d OT x equals
+BD3XblVu06u-00276-00109069-00109605 left g CD o TX mid G in G right the
+BD3XblVu06u-00277-00109606-00109779 defining properties of a group
+BD3XblVu06u-00278-00109780-00109985 guaranteed that the set of orbits of
+BD3XblVu06u-00279-00109986-00110277 points X in X under the action of G form
+BD3XblVu06u-00280-00110278-00110583 a partition of X the Associated
+BD3XblVu06u-00281-00110583-00110802 equivalence relation is defined by
+BD3XblVu06u-00282-00110803-00111081 saying X Y if and only if there exists a
+BD3XblVu06u-00283-00111082-00111680 G in G with GX
+BD3XblVu06u-00284-00111681-00112001 topic why the orbits are then the
+BD3XblVu06u-00285-00112002-00112265 equivalence classes under this relation
+BD3XblVu06u-00286-00112266-00112565 two elements x and y are equivalent if
+BD3XblVu06u-00287-00112566-00112814 and only if their orbits are the same ie
+BD3XblVu06u-00288-00112815-00113344 GX
+BD3XblVu06u-00289-00113345-00113763 gee why the group action is transitive
+BD3XblVu06u-00290-00113764-00114009 if and only if it has exactly one orbit
+BD3XblVu06u-00291-00114010-00114060 ie
+BD3XblVu06u-00292-00114061-00114785 if there exists X in X with GX
+BD3XblVu06u-00293-00114786-00115178 topic X this is the case if and only if
+BD3XblVu06u-00294-00115179-00115663 GX
+BD3XblVu06u-00295-00115664-00116077 X for all X in X the set of all orbits
+BD3XblVu06u-00296-00116078-00116334 of X under the action of G is written as
+BD3XblVu06u-00297-00116335-00116713 X G or less frequently G X and is called
+BD3XblVu06u-00298-00116714-00117031 the quotient of the action in geometric
+BD3XblVu06u-00299-00117032-00117256 situations it may be called the orbit
+BD3XblVu06u-00300-00117257-00117526 space while in algebraic situations it
+BD3XblVu06u-00301-00117527-00117741 may be called the space of coin variants
+BD3XblVu06u-00302-00117742-00118006 and written X G by contrast with the
+BD3XblVu06u-00303-00118007-00118324 invariance fixed points denoted X G the
+BD3XblVu06u-00304-00118325-00118531 coin variants are a quotient while the
+BD3XblVu06u-00305-00118532-00118846 invariants are a subset the coin variant
+BD3XblVu06u-00306-00118847-00119050 terminology and notation are used
+BD3XblVu06u-00307-00119051-00119265 particularly in group Co homology and
+BD3XblVu06u-00308-00119266-00119473 group homology which use the same
+BD3XblVu06u-00309-00119474-00120186 superscript subscript convention
+BD3XblVu06u-00310-00120188-00120783 topic invariance subsets
+BD3XblVu06u-00311-00120783-00121133 if Y is a subset of X we write G Y for
+BD3XblVu06u-00312-00121134-00121428 the set G y Y element of Y and G element
+BD3XblVu06u-00313-00121429-00121803 of G we call the subset Y invariant
+BD3XblVu06u-00314-00121804-00122339 under G if G y
+BD3XblVu06u-00315-00122340-00122795 topic Y which is equivalent to G YY in
+BD3XblVu06u-00316-00122796-00123128 that case G also operates on Y by
+BD3XblVu06u-00317-00123129-00123446 restricting the action to Y the subset Y
+BD3XblVu06u-00318-00123447-00124143 is called fixed under G if G Y
+BD3XblVu06u-00319-00124144-00124303 why for all G
+BD3XblVu06u-00320-00124304-00124582 gee and all why in why every subset that
+BD3XblVu06u-00321-00124583-00124843 is fixed under G is also invariant under
+BD3XblVu06u-00322-00124844-00125239 G but not vice versa every orbit is an
+BD3XblVu06u-00323-00125240-00125479 invariant subset of X on which G acts
+BD3XblVu06u-00324-00125480-00125827 transitively the action of G on X is
+BD3XblVu06u-00325-00125828-00126067 transitive if and only if all elements
+BD3XblVu06u-00326-00126068-00126253 are equivalent meaning that there is
+BD3XblVu06u-00327-00126254-00126531 only one orbit
+BD3XblVu06u-00328-00126532-00126807 AG invariant element of X is X element
+BD3XblVu06u-00329-00126808-00127248 of X such that GX equals x for all g and
+BD3XblVu06u-00330-00127249-00127550 g the set of all such X is denoted X G
+BD3XblVu06u-00331-00127551-00127782 and called the G in variance of X when X
+BD3XblVu06u-00332-00127783-00128102 is a G module X G is the zeroth group Co
+BD3XblVu06u-00333-00128103-00128351 homology group of G with coefficients in
+BD3XblVu06u-00334-00128352-00128609 X and the higher kamala G groups are the
+BD3XblVu06u-00335-00128610-00128828 derived functors of the functor of Jian
+BD3XblVu06u-00336-00128829-00129061 variants
+BD3XblVu06u-00337-00129063-00129502 equals
+BD3XblVu06u-00338-00129503-00129808 topic fixed points and stabilizer
+BD3XblVu06u-00339-00129808-00130259 subgroups
+BD3XblVu06u-00340-00130260-00130654 you
+BD3XblVu06u-00341-00130655-00131493 topic given G in G and X in X with GX
+BD3XblVu06u-00342-00131494-00131895 X we say X is a fixed point of G&G fixes
+BD3XblVu06u-00343-00131896-00132282 X for every X in X we define the
+BD3XblVu06u-00344-00132283-00132527 stabilizer subgroup of G with respect to
+BD3XblVu06u-00345-00132528-00132800 X also called the isotropy group or
+BD3XblVu06u-00346-00132801-00133001 little group as the set of all elements
+BD3XblVu06u-00347-00133002-00133999 in G that fix X G X equals G element of
+BD3XblVu06u-00348-00134000-00134946 G G x equals x display style G
+BD3XblVu06u-00349-00134947-00135408 underscore X equals G in G mid G C do TX
+BD3XblVu06u-00350-00135409-00135785 equals x this is a subgroup of G though
+BD3XblVu06u-00351-00135786-00136097 typically not a normal one the action of
+BD3XblVu06u-00352-00136098-00136340 G on X is free if and only if all
+BD3XblVu06u-00353-00136341-00136661 stabilizers are trivial the kernel n of
+BD3XblVu06u-00354-00136662-00136841 the homomorphism with the symmetric
+BD3XblVu06u-00355-00136842-00137108 group G sim X is given by the
+BD3XblVu06u-00356-00137109-00137382 intersection of the stabilizers G X for
+BD3XblVu06u-00357-00137383-00137675 all X in X if n is trivial the action is
+BD3XblVu06u-00358-00137676-00138110 said to be faithful or effective let x
+BD3XblVu06u-00359-00138111-00138389 and y be two elements in X and let G be
+BD3XblVu06u-00360-00138390-00139000 a group element such that y
+BD3XblVu06u-00361-00139001-00139428 topic GX then the two stabilizer groups
+BD3XblVu06u-00362-00139429-00140159 GX and Gy are related by Gy
+BD3XblVu06u-00363-00140160-00140619 Jiji xg- one proof by definition each
+BD3XblVu06u-00364-00140620-00141356 element of Gy if and only if H GX
+BD3XblVu06u-00365-00141357-00141806 topic GX applying G minus 1 to both
+BD3XblVu06u-00366-00141807-00142145 sides of this equality yields G minus 1
+BD3XblVu06u-00367-00142146-00142716 hectogram X
+BD3XblVu06u-00368-00142717-00143147 X that is G -1 hectogram element of G X
+BD3XblVu06u-00369-00143148-00143478 an opposite inclusion follows similarly
+BD3XblVu06u-00370-00143479-00143775 by taking H element of G X and supposing
+BD3XblVu06u-00371-00143776-00144237 X equals G minus 1 Y the above says that
+BD3XblVu06u-00372-00144238-00144462 the stabilizers of elements in the same
+BD3XblVu06u-00373-00144463-00144807 orbit or conjugate to each other thus to
+BD3XblVu06u-00374-00144808-00145071 each orbit one can associate a conjugacy
+BD3XblVu06u-00375-00145072-00145365 class of a subgroup of G ie the set of
+BD3XblVu06u-00376-00145366-00145853 all conjugates of the subgroup let H
+BD3XblVu06u-00377-00145854-00146257 display style h denote the conjugacy
+BD3XblVu06u-00378-00146258-00146508 class of h then one says that the orbit
+BD3XblVu06u-00379-00146509-00147129 o has type h display style h if the
+BD3XblVu06u-00380-00147130-00147718 stabilizer g x display style g
+BD3XblVu06u-00381-00147719-00148128 underscore x of some any X in o belongs
+BD3XblVu06u-00382-00148129-00148782 to H display style H a maximal orbit
+BD3XblVu06u-00383-00148783-00149020 type is often called a principal orbit
+BD3XblVu06u-00384-00149021-00149516 type
+BD3XblVu06u-00385-00149517-00149846 topic orbit stabilizer theorem and
+BD3XblVu06u-00386-00149847-00150284 Burnside's lemma
+BD3XblVu06u-00387-00150285-00150536 Orbitz and stabilizers are closely
+BD3XblVu06u-00388-00150537-00151255 related for a fixed X element of X
+BD3XblVu06u-00389-00151256-00151861 display style X in X consider the map G
+BD3XblVu06u-00390-00151862-00152965 X display style G 2 X given by G G X
+BD3XblVu06u-00391-00152966-00153485 display style G Maps touji CDO TX this
+BD3XblVu06u-00392-00153486-00154063 map induces a bijection from the set G G
+BD3XblVu06u-00393-00154064-00154636 X display style G G underscore X of
+BD3XblVu06u-00394-00154637-00155330 cosets of G X display style G underscore
+BD3XblVu06u-00395-00155331-00156433 X in G display style G to the orbit G X
+BD3XblVu06u-00396-00156434-00156893 display style G C D ot X as the
+BD3XblVu06u-00397-00156894-00157681 translate G X display style G C D ot X
+BD3XblVu06u-00398-00157682-00158422 depends only on the left cozy G G X
+BD3XblVu06u-00399-00158423-00158849 display style GG underscore X this
+BD3XblVu06u-00400-00158850-00159098 result is known as the orbit stabilizer
+BD3XblVu06u-00401-00159099-00159428 theorem if
+BD3XblVu06u-00402-00159429-00159929 gee display style G is finite than the
+BD3XblVu06u-00403-00159930-00160169 orbit stabilizer theorem together with
+BD3XblVu06u-00404-00160170-00161131 Lagrange's theorem gives G X equals G G
+BD3XblVu06u-00405-00161132-00162254 X equals G G X display style G see do t
+BD3XblVu06u-00406-00162255-00162755 x equals G G underscore X equals G G
+BD3XblVu06u-00407-00162756-00163130 underscore X this result is especially
+BD3XblVu06u-00408-00163131-00163367 useful since it can be employed for
+BD3XblVu06u-00409-00163368-00163559 counting arguments typically in
+BD3XblVu06u-00410-00163560-00164138 situations where X display style X is
+BD3XblVu06u-00411-00164139-00164567 finite as well example one can use the
+BD3XblVu06u-00412-00164568-00164780 orbit stabilizer theorem to count the
+BD3XblVu06u-00413-00164781-00165110 automorphisms of a graph consider the
+BD3XblVu06u-00414-00165111-00165520 cubicle graph as pictured and let g
+BD3XblVu06u-00415-00165521-00165950 displaced RG denote its automorphism
+BD3XblVu06u-00416-00165951-00166208 group then
+BD3XblVu06u-00417-00166209-00166688 G displaced algae acts on the set of
+BD3XblVu06u-00418-00166689-00167416 vertices one to eight display style one
+BD3XblVu06u-00419-00167417-00167801 to L dots eight and this action is
+BD3XblVu06u-00420-00167802-00168059 transitive as can be seen by composing
+BD3XblVu06u-00421-00168060-00168289 rotations about the center of the cube
+BD3XblVu06u-00422-00168290-00168640 thus by the orbit stabilizer theorem we
+BD3XblVu06u-00423-00168641-00169969 have that G equals G 1 G 1 equals 8
+BD3XblVu06u-00424-00169970-00170783 G 1 display style G equals G C do T 1 G
+BD3XblVu06u-00425-00170784-00171216 underscore 1 equals 8 G underscore one
+BD3XblVu06u-00426-00171217-00171443 applying the theorem now to the
+BD3XblVu06u-00427-00171444-00172039 stabilizer G 1 display style G
+BD3XblVu06u-00428-00172040-00173243 underscore 1 we obtain G 1 equals G 1 2
+BD3XblVu06u-00429-00173244-00174059 G 1 2 display style G underscore 1
+BD3XblVu06u-00430-00174060-00174470 equals G underscore 1 C do T 2 G
+BD3XblVu06u-00431-00174471-00174877 underscore one underscore 2 any element
+BD3XblVu06u-00432-00174878-00174995 of
+BD3XblVu06u-00433-00174996-00175653 gee display style gee that fixes one
+BD3XblVu06u-00434-00175654-00176306 display style one must send to display
+BD3XblVu06u-00435-00176307-00177133 style to driver to display style to for
+BD3XblVu06u-00436-00177134-00177797 display style four or five display style
+BD3XblVu06u-00437-00177798-00178121 five there are such automorphisms
+BD3XblVu06u-00438-00178122-00178346 consider for example the map that
+BD3XblVu06u-00439-00178347-00179158 transposes to display style two and for
+BD3XblVu06u-00440-00179159-00179851 display style for transposes six display
+BD3XblVu06u-00441-00179852-00180437 style six and eight display style eight
+BD3XblVu06u-00442-00180438-00180741 and fixes the other vertices
+BD3XblVu06u-00443-00180742-00181901 thus g12 equals three display style left
+BD3XblVu06u-00444-00181902-00182278 G underscore 1c do T to write equals
+BD3XblVu06u-00445-00182279-00182624 three applying the theorem of third time
+BD3XblVu06u-00446-00182625-00184563 gives G 1 2 equals Z 1 2 3 G 1 2 3
+BD3XblVu06u-00447-00184564-00184840 display style G underscore one
+BD3XblVu06u-00448-00184841-00185188 underscore 2 equals XI underscore one
+BD3XblVu06u-00449-00185189-00185614 underscore to see do t 3g underscore one
+BD3XblVu06u-00450-00185615-00185944 underscore to underscore three any
+BD3XblVu06u-00451-00185945-00186654 element of G display style G that fixes
+BD3XblVu06u-00452-00186655-00187438 one display style one and two display
+BD3XblVu06u-00453-00187439-00188024 style two must send three display style
+BD3XblVu06u-00454-00188025-00188582 three to either three display style
+BD3XblVu06u-00455-00188583-00189277 three or six display style six and one
+BD3XblVu06u-00456-00189278-00189840 easily finds such automorphisms thus G
+BD3XblVu06u-00457-00189841-00190383 one two three
+BD3XblVu06u-00458-00190384-00190889 equals two displaced our left G
+BD3XblVu06u-00459-00190890-00191211 underscore one underscore two CD ot3
+BD3XblVu06u-00460-00191212-00191925 right equals to one also sees that G one
+BD3XblVu06u-00461-00191926-00192566 two three display style G underscore one
+BD3XblVu06u-00462-00192567-00193016 underscore to underscore three consists
+BD3XblVu06u-00463-00193017-00193301 only of the identity automorphism as any
+BD3XblVu06u-00464-00193302-00194096 element of G display style G fixing one
+BD3XblVu06u-00465-00194097-00194634 display style one to display style two
+BD3XblVu06u-00466-00194635-00195321 and three display style three must also
+BD3XblVu06u-00467-00195322-00195857 fix for display style for and
+BD3XblVu06u-00468-00195858-00196138 consequently all other vertices
+BD3XblVu06u-00469-00196139-00196427 combining the proceeding calculations we
+BD3XblVu06u-00470-00196428-00196753 now obtain G
+BD3XblVu06u-00471-00196754-00197977 equals 8 3 2 1 equals 48 display style G
+BD3XblVu06u-00472-00197978-00198517 equals 8c do t3c do T to C do t1 equals
+BD3XblVu06u-00473-00198518-00198967 48 a result closely related to the orbit
+BD3XblVu06u-00474-00198968-00199395 stabilizer theorem is Burnside's lemma X
+BD3XblVu06u-00475-00199396-00200935 G equals 1 G G element of G X G display
+BD3XblVu06u-00476-00200936-00201235 style left XG right equals
+BD3XblVu06u-00477-00201236-00201619 frac 1 left G right some underscore G in
+BD3XblVu06u-00478-00201620-00202389 G left X Charat G right where X G
+BD3XblVu06u-00479-00202390-00202804 display style X Charat G the set of
+BD3XblVu06u-00480-00202805-00203404 points fixed by G display style G this
+BD3XblVu06u-00481-00203405-00203899 result is mainly a view swen G display
+BD3XblVu06u-00482-00203900-00204655 style G and X display style X a finite
+BD3XblVu06u-00483-00204656-00204871 when it can be interpreted as follows
+BD3XblVu06u-00484-00204871-00205098 the number of orbits is equal to the
+BD3XblVu06u-00485-00205100-00205321 average number of points fixed per group
+BD3XblVu06u-00486-00205321-00205983 element fixing a group G display style G
+BD3XblVu06u-00487-00205984-00206355 the set of formal differences of finite
+BD3XblVu06u-00488-00206356-00206911 G display style G sets forms a ring
+BD3XblVu06u-00489-00206912-00207366 called the Burnside ring of G display
+BD3XblVu06u-00490-00207367-00207706 style G where addition corresponds to
+BD3XblVu06u-00491-00207707-00207963 disjoint Union and multiplication to
+BD3XblVu06u-00492-00207964-00208616 Cartesian product
+BD3XblVu06u-00493-00208617-00209354 topic examples the trivial action of any
+BD3XblVu06u-00494-00209355-00209678 group G on any set X is defined by G X
+BD3XblVu06u-00495-00209679-00210002 equals x for all G in G and all X in X
+BD3XblVu06u-00496-00210003-00210275 that is every group element induces the
+BD3XblVu06u-00497-00210276-00210659 identity permutation on X in every group
+BD3XblVu06u-00498-00210660-00210932 G left multiplication is an action of
+BD3XblVu06u-00499-00210933-00211004 geonji
+BD3XblVu06u-00500-00211005-00211379 G X equals G X for all G X in G this
+BD3XblVu06u-00501-00211380-00211625 action forms the basis of a rapid proof
+BD3XblVu06u-00502-00211626-00211862 of Kaylee's theorem that every group is
+BD3XblVu06u-00503-00211863-00212057 isomorphic to a subgroup of the
+BD3XblVu06u-00504-00212058-00212276 symmetric group of permutations of the
+BD3XblVu06u-00505-00212277-00212654 set G in every group G with subgroup H
+BD3XblVu06u-00506-00212655-00212936 left multiplication is an action of G on
+BD3XblVu06u-00507-00212937-00213308 the set of cosets G H G R equals go for
+BD3XblVu06u-00508-00213309-00213571 all G a and G in particular if H
+BD3XblVu06u-00509-00213573-00213817 contains no non-trivial normal subgroups
+BD3XblVu06u-00510-00213819-00214112 of G this induces an isomorphism from G
+BD3XblVu06u-00511-00214113-00214337 to a subgroup of the permutation group
+BD3XblVu06u-00512-00214338-00214789 of degree G H in every group G
+BD3XblVu06u-00513-00214790-00215556 conjugation is an action of G on g GX
+BD3XblVu06u-00514-00215557-00216105 topic gxg -1 an exponential notation is
+BD3XblVu06u-00515-00216106-00216330 commonly used for the right action
+BD3XblVu06u-00516-00216331-00216867 variant XG
+BD3XblVu06u-00517-00216869-00217530 g- 1xg it satisfies XG h equals x GH in
+BD3XblVu06u-00518-00217531-00217742 every group G with subgroup H
+BD3XblVu06u-00519-00217744-00217978 conjugation is an action of G on
+BD3XblVu06u-00520-00217979-00218334 conjugates of h g k equals G K G minus 1
+BD3XblVu06u-00521-00218335-00218764 for all G in G and K conjugates of H the
+BD3XblVu06u-00522-00218765-00218982 symmetric group s N and this subgroups
+BD3XblVu06u-00523-00218983-00219273 act on the set 1n by permuting its
+BD3XblVu06u-00524-00219275-00219562 elements the symmetry group of a
+BD3XblVu06u-00525-00219563-00219778 polyhedron acts on the set of vertices
+BD3XblVu06u-00526-00219779-00220129 of that polyhedron it also acts on the
+BD3XblVu06u-00527-00220130-00220375 set of faces or the set of edges of the
+BD3XblVu06u-00528-00220376-00220698 polyhedron the symmetry group of any
+BD3XblVu06u-00529-00220700-00220951 geometrical object acts on the set of
+BD3XblVu06u-00530-00220952-00221302 points of that object the automorphism
+BD3XblVu06u-00531-00221303-00221539 group of a vector space or graph or
+BD3XblVu06u-00532-00221540-00221784 group or ring acts on the vector space
+BD3XblVu06u-00533-00221785-00222088 or set of vertices of the graph or group
+BD3XblVu06u-00534-00222089-00222523 or ring the general linear group GL NK
+BD3XblVu06u-00535-00222523-00222754 and its subgroups particularly its ly
+BD3XblVu06u-00536-00222755-00222991 subgroups including the special linear
+BD3XblVu06u-00537-00222992-00223354 group s l NK orthogonal group o NK
+BD3XblVu06u-00538-00223355-00223642 special orthogonal group so NK and
+BD3XblVu06u-00539-00223642-00223983 symplectic group SP NK alike groups that
+BD3XblVu06u-00540-00223984-00224296 act on the vector space knots the group
+BD3XblVu06u-00541-00224296-00224551 operations are given by multiplying the
+BD3XblVu06u-00542-00224552-00224730 matrices from the groups with the
+BD3XblVu06u-00543-00224731-00225046 vectors from knots the general linear
+BD3XblVu06u-00544-00225046-00225396 group GL n Z acts on zinc by natural
+BD3XblVu06u-00545-00225398-00225712 matrix action the orbits of its action
+BD3XblVu06u-00546-00225713-00225928 are classified by the greatest common
+BD3XblVu06u-00547-00225929-00226165 divisor of coordinates of the vector in
+BD3XblVu06u-00548-00226166-00226482 zinc the affine group acts transitively
+BD3XblVu06u-00549-00226483-00226777 on the points of an affine space and the
+BD3XblVu06u-00550-00226778-00227010 sub group V of the affine group ie
+BD3XblVu06u-00551-00227011-00227314 a vector space transitive and free ie
+BD3XblVu06u-00552-00227315-00227566 regular action on these points indeed
+BD3XblVu06u-00553-00227567-00227781 this can be used to give a definition of
+BD3XblVu06u-00554-00227782-00228117 an affine space the projective linear
+BD3XblVu06u-00555-00228119-00228459 group eg L n plus 1 K and its subgroups
+BD3XblVu06u-00556-00228460-00228721 particularly its ly subgroups which alai
+BD3XblVu06u-00557-00228721-00228940 groups that act on the projective space
+BD3XblVu06u-00558-00228941-00229308 P NK this is a quotient of the action of
+BD3XblVu06u-00559-00229309-00229528 the general linear group on projective
+BD3XblVu06u-00560-00229529-00229951 space particularly notable is P GL 2 K
+BD3XblVu06u-00561-00229952-00230142 the symmetries of the projective line
+BD3XblVu06u-00562-00230144-00230254 which is
+BD3XblVu06u-00563-00230255-00230491 three transitive preserving the cross
+BD3XblVu06u-00564-00230492-00230866 ratio the Mobius group pgl to see is of
+BD3XblVu06u-00565-00230867-00231166 particular interest the isometries of
+BD3XblVu06u-00566-00231167-00231454 the plain act on the set of 2d images
+BD3XblVu06u-00567-00231455-00231719 and patterns such as wallpaper patterns
+BD3XblVu06u-00568-00231721-00232023 the definition can be made more precise
+BD3XblVu06u-00569-00232025-00232296 by specifying what is meant by image or
+BD3XblVu06u-00570-00232298-00232567 pattern eg a function of position with
+BD3XblVu06u-00571-00232567-00232906 values in a set of colors I symmetries
+BD3XblVu06u-00572-00232907-00233169 are in fact one example of a fine group
+BD3XblVu06u-00573-00233171-00233557 action the sets acted on by a group G
+BD3XblVu06u-00574-00233558-00233785 comprised the category of G sets in
+BD3XblVu06u-00575-00233786-00233989 which the objects are G sets and the
+BD3XblVu06u-00576-00233990-00234226 morphisms are G sent home a morphism x'
+BD3XblVu06u-00577-00234227-00234661 functions F X Y such that G FX equals F
+BD3XblVu06u-00578-00234662-00235071 G X for every G in G the gallows group
+BD3XblVu06u-00579-00235073-00235339 of a field extension LK acts on the
+BD3XblVu06u-00580-00235340-00235591 field l but has only a trivial action on
+BD3XblVu06u-00581-00235592-00235834 elements of the subfield k sub groups of
+BD3XblVu06u-00582-00235835-00236131 gal LK correspond to sub fields of L
+BD3XblVu06u-00583-00236132-00236407 that contain K ie intermediate field
+BD3XblVu06u-00584-00236408-00236782 extensions between L and K the additive
+BD3XblVu06u-00585-00236783-00237079 group of the real numbers R Plus acts on
+BD3XblVu06u-00586-00237080-00237421 the phase space of well-behaved systems
+BD3XblVu06u-00587-00237421-00237625 in classical mechanics and in more
+BD3XblVu06u-00588-00237626-00237871 general dynamical systems by time
+BD3XblVu06u-00589-00237871-00238162 translation if T is in R and X is in the
+BD3XblVu06u-00590-00238163-00238417 phase space then X describes a state of
+BD3XblVu06u-00591-00238417-00238681 the system and T plus X is defined to be
+BD3XblVu06u-00592-00238682-00238927 the state of the system T seconds later
+BD3XblVu06u-00593-00238928-00239242 if T is positive or minus T seconds ago
+BD3XblVu06u-00594-00239242-00239587 if T is negative the additive group of
+BD3XblVu06u-00595-00239588-00239881 the real numbers R Plus acts on the set
+BD3XblVu06u-00596-00239882-00240142 of real functions of a real variable in
+BD3XblVu06u-00597-00240142-00240577 various ways with TF X equal to eg f X
+BD3XblVu06u-00598-00240578-00241213 plus T FX plus T F exit F X a F X plus T
+BD3XblVu06u-00599-00241214-00241680 a or F exit plus T but not f exit plus T
+BD3XblVu06u-00600-00241681-00241996 given a group action of G on X we can
+BD3XblVu06u-00601-00241996-00242215 define an induced action of G on the
+BD3XblVu06u-00602-00242216-00242560 power set of X by setting G u equals G u
+BD3XblVu06u-00603-00242561-00242821 u element of view for every subset U of
+BD3XblVu06u-00604-00242821-00243096 X and every G in G this is useful for
+BD3XblVu06u-00605-00243098-00243337 instance in studying the action of the
+BD3XblVu06u-00606-00243338-00243607 large Mathieu group on a 24 set and in
+BD3XblVu06u-00607-00243608-00243640 star
+BD3XblVu06u-00608-00243641-00243898 symmetry in certain models of finite
+BD3XblVu06u-00609-00243898-00244339 geometries the quaternions with norm one
+BD3XblVu06u-00610-00244340-00244651 the vs. as a multiplicative group act on
+BD3XblVu06u-00611-00244652-00245311 r3 for any such quaternions edge
+BD3XblVu06u-00612-00245312-00245796 topic cos alpha/2 + v sin alpha to the
+BD3XblVu06u-00613-00245798-00246354 mapping FX
+BD3XblVu06u-00614-00246355-00246576 JEDEC said is a counterclockwise
+BD3XblVu06u-00615-00246577-00246864 rotation through an angle alpha about an
+BD3XblVu06u-00616-00246865-00247161 axis given by a unit vector V Zed is the
+BD3XblVu06u-00617-00247162-00247452 same rotation secret onions and spatial
+BD3XblVu06u-00618-00247453-00248048 rotation
+BD3XblVu06u-00619-00248050-00248771 topic group actions and groupoids the
+BD3XblVu06u-00620-00248773-00249000 notion of group action can be put in a
+BD3XblVu06u-00621-00249001-00249225 broader context by using the action
+BD3XblVu06u-00622-00249226-00250128 groupoid G equals G X display style
+BD3XblVu06u-00623-00250129-00250616 script style G equals G L times X
+BD3XblVu06u-00624-00250617-00250851 associated to the group action thus
+BD3XblVu06u-00625-00250852-00251084 allowing techniques from groupoid theory
+BD3XblVu06u-00626-00251085-00251344 such as presentations and vibrations
+BD3XblVu06u-00627-00251346-00251658 further the stabilisers of the action of
+BD3XblVu06u-00628-00251659-00251880 the vertex groups and the orbits of the
+BD3XblVu06u-00629-00251881-00252102 action of the components of the action
+BD3XblVu06u-00630-00252103-00252441 groupoid for more details see the book
+BD3XblVu06u-00631-00252442-00252719 topology and groupoids referenced below
+BD3XblVu06u-00632-00252719-00252990 this action groupoid comes with a
+BD3XblVu06u-00633-00252991-00253764 morphism P G G display style script
+BD3XblVu06u-00634-00253765-00254175 style P G right arrow G which is a
+BD3XblVu06u-00635-00254176-00254471 covering morphism of groupoids this
+BD3XblVu06u-00636-00254473-00254748 allows a relation between such morphisms
+BD3XblVu06u-00637-00254748-00255477 and covering maps in topology
+BD3XblVu06u-00638-00255478-00255861 topic morphisms and isomorphisms between
+BD3XblVu06u-00639-00255862-00256578 G sets if x and y are two G sets we
+BD3XblVu06u-00640-00256579-00256833 define a morphism from X to Y to be a
+BD3XblVu06u-00641-00256834-00257171 function f X Y such that F G X equals G
+BD3XblVu06u-00642-00257173-00257484 F X for all G in G and all X in X
+BD3XblVu06u-00643-00257485-00257730 morphisms of G sets are also called
+BD3XblVu06u-00644-00257731-00258071 equiv Arian maps or G Maps the
+BD3XblVu06u-00645-00258073-00258312 composition of two morphisms is again a
+BD3XblVu06u-00646-00258313-00258648 morphism if a morphism f is bijective
+BD3XblVu06u-00647-00258648-00258960 then its inverse is also a morphism and
+BD3XblVu06u-00648-00258961-00259227 we call f an isomorphism and the two G
+BD3XblVu06u-00649-00259228-00259517 sets X and wire called isomorphic for
+BD3XblVu06u-00650-00259519-00259694 all practical purposes they are
+BD3XblVu06u-00651-00259696-00260037 indistinguishable in this case some
+BD3XblVu06u-00652-00260038-00260433 example isomorphisms every regular G
+BD3XblVu06u-00653-00260434-00260664 action is isomorphic to the action of
+BD3XblVu06u-00654-00260665-00260992 geonji given by left multiplication
+BD3XblVu06u-00655-00260994-00261342 every free G action is isomorphic to G
+BD3XblVu06u-00656-00261342-00261609 times s where s is some set and G acts
+BD3XblVu06u-00657-00261610-00261909 on G times s by left multiplication on
+BD3XblVu06u-00658-00261910-00262149 the first coordinate s can be taken to
+BD3XblVu06u-00659-00262150-00262482 be the set of orbits X G every
+BD3XblVu06u-00660-00262483-00262695 transitive G action is isomorphic to
+BD3XblVu06u-00661-00262696-00262989 left multiplication by G on the set of
+BD3XblVu06u-00662-00262990-00263256 left cosets of some subgroup H of G H
+BD3XblVu06u-00663-00263257-00263496 can be taken to be the stabiliser group
+BD3XblVu06u-00664-00263497-00263757 of any element of the original G - set
+BD3XblVu06u-00665-00263758-00263973 up the original action with this notion
+BD3XblVu06u-00666-00263974-00264255 of morphism the collection of all G sets
+BD3XblVu06u-00667-00264256-00264492 forms a category this category is a
+BD3XblVu06u-00668-00264493-00264771 growth indeed topos in fact assuming a
+BD3XblVu06u-00669-00264772-00265008 classical meta logic this topos will
+BD3XblVu06u-00670-00265009-00265640 even be boolean
+BD3XblVu06u-00671-00265641-00266374 topic continuous group actions one often
+BD3XblVu06u-00672-00266375-00266642 considers continuous group actions the
+BD3XblVu06u-00673-00266643-00266905 group G is a topological group X is a
+BD3XblVu06u-00674-00266906-00267194 topological space and the map G times X
+BD3XblVu06u-00675-00267195-00267437 X is continuous with respect to the
+BD3XblVu06u-00676-00267438-00267700 product topology of G times X the space
+BD3XblVu06u-00677-00267701-00268005 X is also called a G space in this case
+BD3XblVu06u-00678-00268006-00268327 this is indeed a generalization since
+BD3XblVu06u-00679-00268328-00268499 every group can be considered a
+BD3XblVu06u-00680-00268500-00268739 topological group by using the discrete
+BD3XblVu06u-00681-00268740-00269050 topology all the concepts introduced
+BD3XblVu06u-00682-00269051-00269294 above still work in this context however
+BD3XblVu06u-00683-00269295-00269602 we define morphisms between G spaces to
+BD3XblVu06u-00684-00269603-00269824 be continuous Maps compatible with the
+BD3XblVu06u-00685-00269825-00270113 action of G the quotient XG inherits the
+BD3XblVu06u-00686-00270114-00270347 quotient topology from X and is called
+BD3XblVu06u-00687-00270348-00270625 the quotient space of the action the
+BD3XblVu06u-00688-00270626-00270899 above statements about isomorphisms for
+BD3XblVu06u-00689-00270900-00271145 regular free and transitive actions are
+BD3XblVu06u-00690-00271146-00271360 no longer valid for continuous group
+BD3XblVu06u-00691-00271361-00271748 actions if X is a regular covering space
+BD3XblVu06u-00692-00271749-00272005 of another topological space Y then the
+BD3XblVu06u-00693-00272006-00272209 action of the deque transformation group
+BD3XblVu06u-00694-00272210-00272468 on X is properly discontinuous as well
+BD3XblVu06u-00695-00272469-00272768 as being free every free properly
+BD3XblVu06u-00696-00272769-00273014 discontinuous action of a group G on a
+BD3XblVu06u-00697-00273015-00273256 path connected topological space X
+BD3XblVu06u-00698-00273257-00273529 arises in this manner the quotient map X
+BD3XblVu06u-00699-00273530-00273805 X G is a regular covering map and the
+BD3XblVu06u-00700-00273806-00274019 deque transformation group is the given
+BD3XblVu06u-00701-00274020-00274276 action of G on X furthermore if X is
+BD3XblVu06u-00702-00274277-00274507 simply connected the fundamental group
+BD3XblVu06u-00703-00274508-00274885 of X G will be isomorphic to G these
+BD3XblVu06u-00704-00274886-00275101 results have been generalized in the
+BD3XblVu06u-00705-00275102-00275335 book topology and groupoids referenced
+BD3XblVu06u-00706-00275336-00275533 below to obtain the fundamental group
+BD3XblVu06u-00707-00275534-00275707 oyd of the orbit space of a
+BD3XblVu06u-00708-00275708-00275942 discontinuous action of a discrete group
+BD3XblVu06u-00709-00275943-00276188 on a hausdorff space as under reasonable
+BD3XblVu06u-00710-00276189-00276481 local conditions the orbit groupoid of
+BD3XblVu06u-00711-00276482-00276691 the fundamental group oyd of the space
+BD3XblVu06u-00712-00276692-00277003 this allows calculations such as the
+BD3XblVu06u-00713-00277004-00277169 fundamental group of the symmetric
+BD3XblVu06u-00714-00277170-00277432 square of a space X namely the orbit
+BD3XblVu06u-00715-00277433-00277651 space of the product of X with itself
+BD3XblVu06u-00716-00277652-00277858 under the twist action of the cyclic
+BD3XblVu06u-00717-00277859-00278331 group of order two sending XY to Y X an
+BD3XblVu06u-00718-00278332-00278612 action of a group G on a locally compact
+BD3XblVu06u-00719-00278613-00278924 space X is co compact if there exists a
+BD3XblVu06u-00720-00278925-00279023 compact subs
+BD3XblVu06u-00721-00279024-00279275 of X such that gar equals x for a
+BD3XblVu06u-00722-00279276-00279488 properly discontinuous action Co
+BD3XblVu06u-00723-00279489-00279707 compactness is equivalent to compactness
+BD3XblVu06u-00724-00279708-00280127 of the quotient space XG the action of G
+BD3XblVu06u-00725-00280128-00280385 on X is said to be proper if the mapping
+BD3XblVu06u-00726-00280386-00280832 G times X X times X that sends g XG X X
+BD3XblVu06u-00727-00280833-00281469 is a proper map
+BD3XblVu06u-00728-00281470-00281832 topic strongly continuous group action
+BD3XblVu06u-00729-00281833-00282305 and smooth points
+BD3XblVu06u-00730-00282306-00282581 a group action of a topological group G
+BD3XblVu06u-00731-00282582-00282848 on a topological space X is said to be
+BD3XblVu06u-00732-00282849-00283106 strongly continuous if for all X in X
+BD3XblVu06u-00733-00283107-00283421 the map G G X is continuous with respect
+BD3XblVu06u-00734-00283422-00283737 to the respective topologies such an
+BD3XblVu06u-00735-00283738-00283985 action induces an action on the space of
+BD3XblVu06u-00736-00283986-00284292 continuous functions on X by defining GF
+BD3XblVu06u-00737-00284293-00284795 x equals F G minus 1 X for every G in G
+BD3XblVu06u-00738-00284796-00285119 F a continuous function on X and X in X
+BD3XblVu06u-00739-00285120-00285347 note that while every continuous group
+BD3XblVu06u-00740-00285348-00285560 action is strongly continuous the
+BD3XblVu06u-00741-00285561-00285792 converse is not in general true the
+BD3XblVu06u-00742-00285793-00286041 subspace of smooth points for the action
+BD3XblVu06u-00743-00286042-00286290 is the subspace of X of points X such
+BD3XblVu06u-00744-00286291-00286625 that G G X is smooth ie it is continuous
+BD3XblVu06u-00745-00286626-00287008 and all derivatives are continuous
+BD3XblVu06u-00746-00287009-00287466 equals
+BD3XblVu06u-00747-00287467-00288180 topic variants and generalizations
+BD3XblVu06u-00748-00288181-00288585 equals one can also consider actions of
+BD3XblVu06u-00749-00288586-00288846 monoids onsets by using the same two
+BD3XblVu06u-00750-00288847-00289182 axioms as above this does not define by
+BD3XblVu06u-00751-00289183-00289413 ejected maps and equivalence relations
+BD3XblVu06u-00752-00289414-00289839 however see semigroup action instead of
+BD3XblVu06u-00753-00289840-00290103 actions on sets one can define actions
+BD3XblVu06u-00754-00290104-00290334 of groups and modes on objects of an
+BD3XblVu06u-00755-00290335-00290583 arbitrary category start with an object
+BD3XblVu06u-00756-00290584-00290820 X of some category and then define an
+BD3XblVu06u-00757-00290821-00291075 action on X as a monoid homomorphism
+BD3XblVu06u-00758-00291076-00291348 into the monoid of endomorphisms of X if
+BD3XblVu06u-00759-00291349-00291561 X has an underlying set then all
+BD3XblVu06u-00760-00291562-00291804 definitions and facts stated above can
+BD3XblVu06u-00761-00291805-00292125 be carried over for example if we take
+BD3XblVu06u-00762-00292126-00292374 the category of vector spaces we obtain
+BD3XblVu06u-00763-00292375-00292643 group representations in this fashion
+BD3XblVu06u-00764-00292644-00292956 one can view a group G as a category
+BD3XblVu06u-00765-00292957-00293163 with a single object in which every
+BD3XblVu06u-00766-00293164-00293484 morphism is invertible at left group
+BD3XblVu06u-00767-00293485-00293730 action is then nothing but a covariant
+BD3XblVu06u-00768-00293731-00293961 functor from G to the category of sets
+BD3XblVu06u-00769-00293962-00294216 and a group representation is a functor
+BD3XblVu06u-00770-00294217-00294453 from G to the category of vector spaces
+BD3XblVu06u-00771-00294454-00294798 a morphism between G sets is then a
+BD3XblVu06u-00772-00294799-00295038 natural transformation between the group
+BD3XblVu06u-00773-00295039-00295392 action functors in analogy an action of
+BD3XblVu06u-00774-00295393-00295581 a group oeid is a functor from the
+BD3XblVu06u-00775-00295582-00295821 groupoid to the category of sets or to
+BD3XblVu06u-00776-00295822-00296130 some other category in addition to
+BD3XblVu06u-00777-00296131-00296376 continuous actions of topological groups
+BD3XblVu06u-00778-00296377-00296652 on topological spaces one also often
+BD3XblVu06u-00779-00296653-00296877 considers smooth actions of like groups
+BD3XblVu06u-00780-00296878-00297153 on smooth manifolds regular actions of
+BD3XblVu06u-00781-00297154-00297414 algebraic groups on algebraic varieties
+BD3XblVu06u-00782-00297415-00297683 and actions of group schemes on schemes
+BD3XblVu06u-00783-00297684-00297987 all of these are examples of group
+BD3XblVu06u-00784-00297988-00298194 objects acting on objects of their
+BD3XblVu06u-00785-00298195-00298851 respective category
+BD3XblVu06u-00786-00298852-00299391 topic see also
+BD3XblVu06u-00787-00299392-00299892 measurable group action game graph group
+BD3XblVu06u-00788-00299893-00300357 with operators monoid action equals
+BD3XblVu06u-00789-00300358-00300651 equals notes