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+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00000-00000352-00000638 i'd like to introduce dan ariely he
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00001-00000639-00000839 studies as most of you probably know
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00002-00000840-00001015 behavioral economics which means looking
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00003-00001016-00001207 at the way people actually act in the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00004-00001208-00001415 marketplace as opposed to how they would
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00005-00001416-00001550 act if they were behaving completely
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00006-00001551-00001775 rationally he's a professional of
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00007-00001776-00001951 behavioral economics at duke
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00008-00001952-00002110 university's fuqua school of business
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00009-00002111-00002247 this is a new role as of today
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00010-00002248-00002447 previously he was a joint professor
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00011-00002448-00002687 at the mit media lab and the mit sloan
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00012-00002688-00002823 school of management
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00013-00002824-00003071 his latest book predictably irrational
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00014-00003072-00003263 uh covers some of his research findings
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00015-00003264-00003503 including those that look at uh how
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00016-00003504-00003743 people behave in in everyday situations
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00017-00003744-00003919 where they're predictably
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00018-00003920-00004119 operating in irrational ways so with
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00019-00004120-00004319 that uh please join me in welcoming dan
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00020-00004320-00004456 ariely
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00021-00004457-00004879 [Applause]
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00022-00004880-00004983 so
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00023-00004984-00005199 thanks so much
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00024-00005200-00005367 it's nice to be here i was in your new
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00025-00005368-00005567 york office a few days ago which was
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00026-00005568-00005806 also nice i'm having a two weeks of
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00027-00005807-00005934 google
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00028-00005935-00006111 and i want to tell you a little bit
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00029-00006112-00006231 about
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00030-00006232-00006375 behavioral economics and if you have
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00031-00006376-00006550 questions in the middle feel free
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00032-00006551-00006734 to ask
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00033-00006736-00006927 and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00034-00006928-00007119 and i want to start by telling you why i
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00035-00007120-00007334 chose this title of predictably
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00036-00007336-00007455 irrational
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00037-00007456-00007655 because while people sometimes
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00038-00007656-00007870 economist acknowledge that people make
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00039-00007872-00008055 mistakes they think that those mistakes
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00040-00008056-00008271 will cancel each other in the market so
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00041-00008272-00008414 you make one kind of mistake i make
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00042-00008415-00008574 another kind of mistake and in the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00043-00008575-00008751 market they will cancel each other out
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00044-00008752-00008967 when what i mean by predictably rational
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00045-00008968-00009191 is not that it's that we have the same
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00046-00009192-00009383 type of mistakes that we all do
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00047-00009384-00009551 repeatedly and in fact in the market
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00048-00009552-00009742 they could aggregate and i think if we
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00049-00009743-00009967 think about the subprime mortgage crisis
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00050-00009968-00010167 we can get some indication of how how
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00051-00010168-00010391 these mistakes could actually become
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00052-00010392-00010567 worse
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00053-00010568-00010663 um
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00054-00010664-00010878 but but irrationality is also something
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00055-00010879-00011095 uh very individual and personal that
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00056-00011096-00011223 touches us
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00057-00011224-00011383 individually and i'll and i want to tell
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00058-00011384-00011606 you how i how i started
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00059-00011607-00011783 uh getting
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00060-00011784-00011927 i guess interested or introduced to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00061-00011928-00012142 irrationality and it it happened to me
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00062-00012143-00012335 when i was in hospital uh
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00063-00012336-00012542 which is a place where you would
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00064-00012543-00012822 see many irrational behaviors if you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00065-00012823-00012983 ever get to spend some time there so i
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00066-00012984-00013230 was i was burned in an explosion
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00067-00013231-00013566 many years ago about 70 of my body and i
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00068-00013568-00013743 spent three years three years in
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00069-00013744-00013886 hospital
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00070-00013887-00014030 and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00071-00014031-00014271 you know hospital is terrible in many
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00072-00014272-00014375 ways
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00073-00014376-00014607 but the thing that that was most
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00074-00014608-00014783 difficult in the burn department is the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00075-00014784-00015030 process of removing bandages
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00076-00015031-00015263 so if you had ever had the bandage
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00077-00015263-00015407 removed you must have wondered what's
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00078-00015408-00015622 the right strategy should you rip it off
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00079-00015623-00015838 quickly right short duration but high
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00080-00015840-00016047 intensity or should you take it off
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00081-00016047-00016303 slowly take a long time but have a low
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00082-00016304-00016527 intensity well for me this was the most
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00083-00016528-00016799 important question i could think about
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00084-00016800-00016967 it's it's it's one thing when you have
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00085-00016968-00017111 band-aids and you still have skin and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00086-00017112-00017263 just a little bit of glue it's a
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00087-00017264-00017375 completely different thing when you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00088-00017376-00017575 don't have skin and the banded bandages
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00089-00017576-00017775 adhere to the to the flesh and becoming
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00090-00017776-00018055 incredibly painful to to take them off
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00091-00018056-00018230 so every day the nurses would come to my
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00092-00018231-00018343 room they would take me a little
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00093-00018344-00018622 forklift and put me into a bath of water
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00094-00018623-00018783 with iodine that would soak me a little
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00095-00018784-00018943 bit to release the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00096-00018944-00019222 some of the stickiness of the bandages
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00097-00019223-00019422 and then it would start ripping them off
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00098-00019423-00019607 and and the nurses basically had the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00099-00019608-00019879 belief that the right way to do this is
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00100-00019880-00020063 to rip the bandages one after the other
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00101-00020064-00020247 as quickly as possible right they would
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00102-00020248-00020430 they would start at my feet and an hour
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00103-00020431-00020591 later they would finish
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00104-00020592-00020743 it's my head
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00105-00020744-00020871 and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00106-00020872-00021055 i hated this
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00107-00021056-00021294 intense moment of ripping they're just
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00108-00021295-00021455 they're just awful right i mean it's
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00109-00021456-00021607 it's very hard to describe how how
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00110-00021608-00021791 painful it is thankfully we don't have
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00111-00021792-00022063 good memory for pain in this intensity
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00112-00022064-00022150 um
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00113-00022151-00022335 and i used to argue with them
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00114-00022336-00022486 you know argue is kind of a polite word
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00115-00022487-00022750 they used to scream and beg and uh and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00116-00022751-00023039 request and say can we can we try
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00117-00023040-00023191 something else can we try and take it
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00118-00023192-00023335 off a little slower maybe take an hour
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00119-00023336-00023471 and a half maybe two hours but just
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00120-00023472-00023822 don't have this incredible sensations
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00121-00023823-00024047 and and the nurses told me two things
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00122-00024048-00024230 they told me that they were right that
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00123-00024231-00024375 this approach was the one that would
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00124-00024376-00024671 minimize my my pain and they also remind
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00125-00024672-00024822 me that the word patient doesn't mean
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00126-00024823-00025071 getting involved and disturbing them
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00127-00025072-00025222 in the process
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00128-00025223-00025383 it's the same word in hebrew basically
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00129-00025384-00025614 that says sit there quietly and and just
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00130-00025616-00025822 be patient so
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00131-00025823-00025918 um
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00132-00025919-00026078 three years later i left the hospital i
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00133-00026079-00026279 started studying at university
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00134-00026280-00026358 and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00135-00026360-00026535 i learned about the experimental method
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00136-00026536-00026670 i learned that if you have a question
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00137-00026672-00026879 sometimes you could bring it to the lab
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00138-00026880-00027023 you can manipulate something and maybe
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00139-00027024-00027167 you can find an answer to what you were
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00140-00027168-00027311 doing
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00141-00027312-00027527 and i was still very puzzled by this
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00142-00027527-00027702 question of if you have an experience a
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00143-00027704-00027846 negative experience you have to give to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00144-00027847-00028055 somebody what's the optimal way to give
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00145-00028056-00028231 it in order to create the least amount
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00146-00028232-00028462 of negative effect
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00147-00028463-00028590 right so
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00148-00028591-00028735 i didn't have much money in the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00149-00028736-00028911 beginning so i went to a hardware store
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00150-00028912-00029118 and i bought the carpenter's vice and i
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00151-00029119-00029246 would bring people to the lab and i
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00152-00029247-00029462 would crunch their fingers a little bit
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00153-00029463-00029599 and i would crunch them for longer
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00154-00029600-00029751 periods and shorter periods and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00155-00029752-00029943 increasing pain
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00156-00029944-00030111 and increasing pain
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00157-00030112-00030262 you remember the pain suit i developed
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00158-00030263-00030543 later anyway uh
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00159-00030544-00030702 then i would ask them so how painful was
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00160-00030703-00030862 this or how painful was the previous one
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00161-00030863-00031031 and which one would you rather do if you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00162-00031032-00031423 have to choose one of those to do again
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00163-00031424-00031662 and then like all good academic
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00164-00031663-00031831 projects i got more funding i moved to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00165-00031832-00032055 electrical shocks and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00166-00032056-00032399 and sounds i even developed a pain suit
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00167-00032400-00032518 in in the media lab which was
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00168-00032519-00032799 particularly particularly interesting
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00169-00032800-00032959 and at the end of this whole process
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00170-00032960-00033111 what i learned was that the nurses were
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00171-00033112-00033190 wrong
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00172-00033191-00033311 i learned that i would have had less
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00173-00033312-00033518 pain if they would have had a
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00174-00033519-00033639 longer
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00175-00033640-00033895 treatment with lower intensity
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00176-00033896-00034023 i learned that i would have had less
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00177-00034024-00034174 pain if they would have started from my
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00178-00034175-00034367 head which was most painful and moved
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00179-00034368-00034623 slowly toward my feet which was less
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00180-00034624-00034862 less painful decreasing trend and i
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00181-00034863-00034974 learned that i would have been better
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00182-00034975-00035183 off if they gave me breaks in the middle
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00183-00035184-00035407 the question was
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00184-00035408-00035574 i went i talked to them we had all kinds
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00185-00035575-00035774 of discussions that's a separate story
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00186-00035775-00035846 but
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00187-00035847-00035983 the thing that bothered me in a more
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00188-00035984-00036215 general way is how could the nurses be
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00189-00036216-00036335 wrong
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00190-00036336-00036471 this was something that was quite
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00191-00036472-00036615 important was important to me but was
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00192-00036616-00036807 also important to them this was a real
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00193-00036808-00036974 big issue
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00194-00036975-00037118 it was something that they had plenty of
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00195-00037119-00037343 experience with and they had very good
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00196-00037344-00037471 intentions it's not as if they were
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00197-00037472-00037735 trying to figure out the worst way to to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00198-00037736-00037935 remove my bandages and the question is
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00199-00037936-00038079 how can it be that in high-stakes
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00200-00038080-00038271 situations with good intention plenty of
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00201-00038272-00038518 experience people nevertheless get
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00202-00038519-00038790 things wrong
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00203-00038791-00038967 and interestingly enough one of the the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00204-00038968-00039087 insights
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00205-00039088-00039239 for why they got things wrong came to me
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00206-00039240-00039446 when i went to talk to them
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00207-00039447-00039655 so when i went to talk to the nurses
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00208-00039656-00039846 one of my favorite nurses said what
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00209-00039847-00040143 about my pain i mean hers she said you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00210-00040144-00040335 know it was very unpleasant to remove
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00211-00040336-00040487 the bandages from me
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00212-00040488-00040623 and she said that maybe what she was
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00213-00040624-00040718 doing
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00214-00040719-00040958 is not willing to listen to me to try
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00215-00040959-00041102 out something different because it would
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00216-00041103-00041351 have caused her unpleasantness
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00217-00041352-00041623 no clearly it's not the right approach
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00218-00041624-00041839 they should have reduced my pain or not
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00219-00041840-00042046 her pain was secondary but
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00220-00042047-00042190 but she basically said that maybe her
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00221-00042191-00042399 reluctance to try it out maybe her
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00222-00042400-00042543 reluctance to try something else was
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00223-00042544-00042727 that she just did not want to expand
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00224-00042728-00042967 this duration in which she was wanting
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00225-00042968-00043295 it to be over as well
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00226-00043296-00043551 anyway so from then on i started
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00227-00043552-00043743 thinking about all kinds of other cases
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00228-00043744-00043918 in which people with good intentions and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00229-00043919-00044079 plenty of experience nevertheless get
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00230-00044080-00044207 things wrong and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00231-00044208-00044415 and i want you to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00232-00044416-00044751 to give you some examples of those today
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00233-00044752-00045158 now i'm not going to hurt you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00234-00045159-00045446 i should say i did i did one study
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00235-00045447-00045727 where i hired this
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00236-00045728-00045895 i had a friend who was a very attractive
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00237-00045896-00046062 woman who would go ahead and recruit
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00238-00046063-00046207 subjects
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00239-00046208-00046343 for this pain
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00240-00046344-00046599 for these pain experiments and i this
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00241-00046600-00046743 was not what i told her to do but this
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00242-00046744-00046886 is what she did she would come to men
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00243-00046887-00047311 and she would say can i hurt you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00244-00047312-00047415 and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00245-00047416-00047895 inevitably we got a lot of subjects
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00246-00047896-00048055 so so to give you some
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00247-00048056-00048271 some ideas about irrationality i want to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00248-00048272-00048407 start with a couple of visual illusions
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00249-00048408-00048623 so if you look at these tables and ask
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00250-00048624-00048758 you what's longer
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00251-00048759-00048927 the vertical axis on the table on the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00252-00048928-00049143 left or the horizontal axis on the table
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00253-00049144-00049374 on the right how many people here see
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00254-00049375-00049574 the horizontal axis on the right being
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00255-00049575-00049815 longer
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00256-00049816-00049943 you really see this one as being longer
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00257-00049944-00050055 now you know it's a trick right i
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00258-00050056-00050262 wouldn't show you if it wasn't the trick
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00259-00050263-00050430 but in fact it's very very hard to see
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00260-00050431-00050686 this is as being longer now with visual
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00261-00050687-00050846 illusions i can show you it's a mistake
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00262-00050847-00051007 how can i show you i can put a couple of
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00263-00051008-00051287 lines on the board i can animate them
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00264-00051288-00051430 and to the extent that you believe me
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00265-00051432-00051614 that i didn't shrink them you can say
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00266-00051615-00051823 that oh yes these two tables are are
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00267-00051824-00051958 actually the same
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00268-00051959-00052199 but but interestingly enough with visual
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00269-00052200-00052342 illusions
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00270-00052344-00052511 it doesn't help in the sense that if i
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00271-00052512-00052671 take the lines off
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00272-00052672-00052775 and you look at this you could say oh
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00273-00052776-00052919 yes of course now i see that they're
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00274-00052920-00053135 exactly identical right in some sense it
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00275-00053136-00053303 doesn't help you know they're identical
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00276-00053304-00053494 but it doesn't help you see them as
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00277-00053495-00053671 identical
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00278-00053672-00053854 here's another one of my favorite
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00279-00053855-00054119 illusions this is by dale purvis
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00280-00054120-00054271 what you see is the color of this brown
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00281-00054272-00054471 one
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00282-00054472-00054654 brown right i just said brown
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00283-00054655-00054911 what about this one
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00284-00054912-00055079 kind of yellow orange
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00285-00055079-00055238 can you see them as the same it turns
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00286-00055239-00055407 out they're identical can anybody here
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00287-00055408-00055511 see them as
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00288-00055512-00055711 is identical right it's it's basically
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00289-00055712-00055926 impossible now what i can do again with
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00290-00055927-00056103 visual illusion is hide the rest of the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00291-00056104-00056326 cube and just leave these two
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00292-00056327-00056438 squares
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00293-00056439-00056566 and when i do that you can see that
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00294-00056567-00056679 they're actually
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00295-00056679-00056991 actually identical but again it doesn't
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00296-00056991-00057142 it doesn't help because if i take it off
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00297-00057144-00057263 you can't
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00298-00057264-00057423 you can't see them as being the same it
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00299-00057424-00057607 doesn't it doesn't help right so so we
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00300-00057608-00057791 have this system that
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00301-00057791-00058063 makes us have mistakes in the same way
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00302-00058064-00058238 repeatedly and it doesn't really matter
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00303-00058239-00058550 by the way i have um
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00304-00058551-00058742 people always think it's not correct i
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00305-00058744-00058854 have a
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00306-00058855-00059142 printed version so can i ask you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00307-00059144-00059494 so just check you see these two yeah
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00308-00059495-00059663 i believe you okay you believe me thank
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00309-00059664-00059935 you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00310-00059936-00060135 what what is the point of this the point
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00311-00060136-00060350 is that our visual system is maybe the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00312-00060351-00060526 best system we have we have more of our
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00313-00060527-00060663 brain dedicated to vision and to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00314-00060664-00060847 anything else we're evolutionary
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00315-00060848-00061006 designed to do it and we do more hours
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00316-00061007-00061223 of vision a day than we do anything else
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00317-00061224-00061382 nevertheless we have the systematic
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00318-00061383-00061638 repeatable mistakes in vision and you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00319-00061639-00061847 will never be able to see these tables
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00320-00061848-00062079 without seeing it wrong you'll never
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00321-00062079-00062287 able to see this cube and while i've
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00322-00062288-00062447 cured you of the gorilla illusion in the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00323-00062448-00062615 sense that you will
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00324-00062616-00062750 from now on every time you'll see this
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00325-00062751-00062966 clip you will see the gorilla
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00326-00062967-00063247 by no way if i cured you from the your
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00327-00063248-00063382 ability to ignore information that
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00328-00063383-00063511 passes in the middle of your visual
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00329-00063512-00063630 field and you're just not thinking about
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00330-00063632-00063823 it at the moment
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00331-00063824-00064015 and if we have such mistakes in vision
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00332-00064016-00064206 which is such a good system what are the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00333-00064207-00064359 odds that we don't have
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00334-00064360-00064503 worst mistakes
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00335-00064504-00064703 in other systems for example financial
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00336-00064704-00064911 decision making that are not as
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00337-00064912-00065030 practiced that we don't have
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00338-00065032-00065263 evolutionary reason to do and the odd is
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00339-00065264-00065430 it's very very low so what i want to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00340-00065432-00065671 show you is some examples of irrational
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00341-00065672-00065967 behavior in other domains
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00342-00065968-00066094 you know i'm offering you do you want
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00343-00066095-00066263 the blue pillow the red pill do you want
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00344-00066264-00066391 to think that you're reasonable and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00345-00066392-00066615 rational and noble or do you want to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00346-00066616-00066838 realize what kind of mistakes we make
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00347-00066839-00067038 and i'll assume we'll take the the blue
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00348-00067039-00067126 pill
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00349-00067127-00067350 um so i want to show you a couple of
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00350-00067351-00067519 decision illusions
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00351-00067520-00067855 mistakes people make in a regular way
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00352-00067856-00068206 and to start i i want to show you this
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00353-00068207-00068438 plot
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00354-00068439-00068687 eric johnson and dan goldstein collected
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00355-00068688-00068879 this data it's one of it's probably my
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00356-00068880-00069103 favorite plot in all of social science
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00357-00069104-00069311 and what you basically see here
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00358-00069312-00069447 is
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00359-00069448-00069663 the percentage of people in different
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00360-00069664-00069799 countries that are willing to give their
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00361-00069800-00069967 organs to donation
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00362-00069968-00070159 okay and basically you see two types of
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00363-00070160-00070311 countries you see countries on the right
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00364-00070312-00070463 who give a lot by the way i rounded the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00365-00070464-00070631 numbers up nothing is really 100 could
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00366-00070632-00070879 be 99.6 and you see countries on the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00367-00070880-00071135 left that give relatively little
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00368-00071136-00071303 and the question is what separates the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00369-00071304-00071487 what makes some countries give so much
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00370-00071488-00071767 in some countries give relatively little
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00371-00071768-00071926 and when you ask people this question
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00372-00071927-00072119 they think it has to be something
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00373-00072120-00072438 substantial big it's maybe religion or
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00374-00072439-00072623 maybe it's culture or maybe it's how
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00375-00072624-00072806 much people care about each other it has
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00376-00072807-00072935 to be something
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00377-00072936-00073135 kind of substantial but if you look at
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00378-00073136-00073326 these countries
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00379-00073327-00073494 you see very similar countries you see
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00380-00073495-00073647 parents of canada are very similar but
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00381-00073648-00073879 nevertheless behave differently
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00382-00073880-00074079 sweden is on the right
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00383-00074080-00074303 denmark very very similar countries in
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00384-00074304-00074543 many ways is on the left
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00385-00074544-00074799 the netherlands is on the left belgium
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00386-00074800-00074950 again very similar countries in many
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00387-00074951-00075047 ways
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00388-00075048-00075199 is on the right by the way the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00389-00075200-00075471 netherlands got to 28 percent after
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00390-00075472-00075711 asking every person in the country
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00391-00075712-00075855 sending them a letter asking them to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00392-00075856-00076111 join the program right so so begging
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00393-00076112-00076431 only gets you up to 28 percent
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00394-00076432-00076623 germany is on the left austria is on the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00395-00076624-00076767 right
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00396-00076768-00076959 depending on your view of european
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00397-00076960-00077159 history or culture and you don't want to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00398-00077160-00077382 tell this to the french and british but
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00399-00077383-00077526 you can either think of france and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00400-00077527-00077679 britain's either similar culturally or
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00401-00077680-00077903 not
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00402-00077904-00078079 but but in terms of organ donation
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00403-00078080-00078215 they're very different
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00404-00078216-00078471 so what what could explain this this big
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00405-00078472-00078687 difference yes
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00406-00078688-00078943 very good
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00407-00078944-00079262 now
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00408-00079263-00079559 it turns out it's the form at the dmv
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00409-00079560-00079759 right and here's what happens in
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00410-00079760-00079967 countries where it says check the box
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00411-00079968-00080182 below if you want to participate what do
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00412-00080183-00080287 people do
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00413-00080288-00080423 they don't check and they don't
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00414-00080424-00080543 participate
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00415-00080544-00080743 in countries where it says check below
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00416-00080744-00080926 if you don't want to participate what do
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00417-00080927-00081010 people do
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00418-00081011-00081126 [Music]
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00419-00081127-00081303 they again don't check but now they
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00420-00081304-00081703 participate
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00421-00081704-00081918 think about the responsibility of the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00422-00081919-00082182 person at the dmv who decided how the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00423-00082183-00082367 form is going to be phrased
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00424-00082368-00082559 right they had the billions of dollars
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00425-00082560-00082711 the responsibility on their shoulders
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00426-00082712-00082847 without them
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00427-00082848-00083094 realizing the extent of this thing
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00428-00083095-00083350 now you might say you know what people
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00429-00083351-00083503 just don't care
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00430-00083504-00083679 after all this is what will happen to me
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00431-00083680-00083950 after i die i can't be bothered to lift
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00432-00083951-00084182 a pencil and make a decision because the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00433-00084183-00084279 cost
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00434-00084280-00084518 in in terms of of effort is is higher
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00435-00084519-00084694 than what i can gain from it what who
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00436-00084695-00084791 cares
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00437-00084792-00085071 but but in fact it's the opposite it's
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00438-00085072-00085294 because we do care it's because we don't
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00439-00085295-00085487 know what will happen to us when we die
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00440-00085488-00085703 and how will we reflect on our families
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00441-00085704-00085894 and our funeral and what kind of third
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00442-00085895-00086071 year student will going medical students
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00443-00086072-00086326 will get their hands on our organs
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00444-00086327-00086526 it's because it's so difficult it's
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00445-00086527-00086694 because it's complex it's because we
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00446-00086695-00086926 don't know what we want to do we just
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00447-00086927-00087287 take what advice was suggested to us
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00448-00087288-00087438 now you might say well you know this
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00449-00087439-00087615 isn't a one-time decision they're not
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00450-00087616-00087918 many decisions we make one time maybe
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00451-00087919-00088071 we don't have any of these problems in
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00452-00088072-00088262 repeated decisions
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00453-00088263-00088415 so here's another experiment by riddle
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00454-00088416-00088599 my interfere in which they tried the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00455-00088600-00088823 same thing with physicians
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00456-00088824-00088950 so they went to a big group of
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00457-00088951-00089182 physicians and they described to them a
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00458-00089183-00089415 patient you have this patient the 67
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00459-00089416-00089582 year old farmer has been suffering from
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00460-00089583-00089759 hip pain you've been treating these
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00461-00089760-00089935 patients for a while nothing seemed to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00462-00089936-00090062 be working
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00463-00090063-00090238 so you decided to send this patient to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00464-00090239-00090462 hip replacement okay nothing seems to be
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00465-00090463-00090703 working hip replacement now they haven't
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00466-00090704-00090879 had the hip replacement yet but if you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00467-00090880-00091047 they're on the process to do it they're
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00468-00091048-00091223 going to meet a specialist and move
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00469-00091224-00091391 forward
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00470-00091392-00091503 and then they told half of the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00471-00091504-00091623 physicians
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00472-00091624-00091735 yesterday when you went through the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00473-00091736-00091879 formula where you looked at all kind of
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00474-00091880-00092094 medication you realize there was one
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00475-00092095-00092318 medication you didn't try out you forgot
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00476-00092319-00092543 to try ibuprofen somehow
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00477-00092544-00092638 what do you do
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00478-00092639-00092911 ibuprofen or hip replacement
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00479-00092912-00093103 now you'll be happy to know the majority
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00480-00093104-00093294 of the physician thought that ibuprofen
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00481-00093295-00093574 is a is a better choice after all hip
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00482-00093575-00093774 replacement is dangerous expensive
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00483-00093775-00094038 irreversible and so on
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00484-00094039-00094223 to the other group of the physicians
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00485-00094224-00094391 they make the decision slightly more
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00486-00094392-00094543 complex
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00487-00094544-00094679 they basically said yesterday when you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00488-00094680-00094782 went through the formulary you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00489-00094783-00094943 discovered there were two medications
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00490-00094944-00095071 you didn't give
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00491-00095072-00095247 you didn't try ibuprofen and you didn't
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00492-00095248-00095455 try peroxicam
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00493-00095456-00095782 what do you do ibuprofen peroxicam or
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00494-00095783-00095950 hip replacement
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00495-00095951-00096094 and basically what happened was that
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00496-00096095-00096279 they just made the decision slightly
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00497-00096280-00096431 more complex
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00498-00096432-00096574 and here is what happened and i'm not
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00499-00096575-00096718 saying this is what exactly physicians
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00500-00096719-00096887 thought but they basically said
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00501-00096888-00097150 ibuprofen peroxide might be profit i
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00502-00097151-00097638 don't know send them to hip replacement
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00503-00097639-00097911 now now the majority picked it it was
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00504-00097912-00098079 enough to make the decision slightly
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00505-00098080-00098303 more complex
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00506-00098304-00098662 for physicians who are experts well paid
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00507-00098663-00098855 practice in this thing that this
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00508-00098856-00099023 actually send them again to the default
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00509-00099024-00099159 option
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00510-00099160-00099374 final study was was done not too far
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00511-00099375-00099503 away from here anybody here knows
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00512-00099504-00099791 draeger's it's a very nice grocery store
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00513-00099792-00099950 sheena anger and mark lepper did this
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00514-00099951-00100247 study in which they
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00515-00100248-00100479 got people to taste some gems
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00516-00100480-00100559 okay
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00517-00100560-00100799 and sometimes they set a jam tasting
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00518-00100800-00100999 booth with six jams and sometimes doing
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00519-00101000-00101159 24 jams
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00520-00101160-00101359 and the first thing they asked people is
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00521-00101360-00101503 they wanted to see how many people would
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00522-00101504-00101687 be would come and look at the jam
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00523-00101688-00101823 tasting booth
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00524-00101824-00102038 and as you would expect more jams were
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00525-00102039-00102343 more exciting so when people saw 24 gems
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00526-00102344-00102566 more of them approached the jam tasting
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00527-00102567-00102742 booth
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00528-00102743-00102918 the next thing they measured was how
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00529-00102919-00103215 many gems will people actually taste
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00530-00103216-00103382 turns out it doesn't matter people try
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00531-00103383-00103678 jam a gem and a half
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00532-00103679-00103990 now
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00533-00103991-00104142 i should usually i tell my students of
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00534-00104143-00104286 course nobody tried the gem and a half
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00535-00104288-00104454 some people tried john some people tried
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00536-00104455-00104647 two just the average
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00537-00104648-00104975 um
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00538-00104976-00105239 the most important thing of course was
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00539-00105240-00105454 how many people bought jams they gave
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00540-00105455-00105631 people a coupon for jam that was good
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00541-00105632-00105886 for every jam in the store not just the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00542-00105888-00106095 six and not the n24 anyone in the store
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00543-00106096-00106366 now who do you think was more likely to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00544-00106367-00106607 to buy jam people who saw six jams or 24
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00545-00106608-00106719 gems
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00546-00106720-00106902 six very good so it turns out that
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00547-00106903-00107151 people in the six jam condition 30 of
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00548-00107152-00107327 them bought jam how many of them do you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00549-00107328-00107647 think bought jam in the 24 gem condition
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00550-00107648-00107815 10 15
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00551-00107816-00107966 three percent
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00552-00107967-00108239 now basically the issue is the jams are
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00553-00108240-00108383 not complex
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00554-00108383-00108734 it's it's sugar and some fruit
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00555-00108735-00108975 but but it turns out that 24 gems are
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00556-00108976-00109095 too much
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00557-00109096-00109431 now generally speaking a few people have
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00558-00109432-00109615 jam on their shopping list two three
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00559-00109616-00109839 percent and those people were not
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00560-00109840-00110015 over excited with jam and they were
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00561-00110016-00110199 going to buy jam and they kept on buying
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00562-00110200-00110343 jam
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00563-00110344-00110607 but all the extra people who got excited
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00564-00110608-00110839 over gemma there were a few of them
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00565-00110840-00111054 basically lost all of this excitement
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00566-00111055-00111199 when this happens
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00567-00111200-00111358 and you know i
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00568-00111359-00111519 you can think about what this means for
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00569-00111520-00111678 search and getting a lot of
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00570-00111679-00112231 responses you had a question
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00571-00112232-00112399 they were not always selected at random
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00572-00112400-00112647 but they were not more desirable
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00573-00112648-00112951 than 24. good question
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00574-00112952-00113271 okay so what is the point of all this
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00575-00113272-00113534 the point is that we have this
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00576-00113535-00113734 view of human nature
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00577-00113735-00113886 what shakespeare what what the piece of
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00578-00113888-00114086 work is men how noble in reason and so
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00579-00114088-00114175 on
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00580-00114176-00114510 and and while we see
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00581-00114511-00114734 often irrationalities in our bosses and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00582-00114735-00114975 spouses
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00583-00114976-00115286 you know tommy's getting married soon
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00584-00115288-00115534 and it's when we think about the market
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00585-00115535-00115815 in general uh people
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00586-00115816-00116023 think about people as being rational and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00587-00116024-00116151 we think about the products that we
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00588-00116152-00116543 offer and as as for rational people
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00589-00116544-00116799 now behavioral economics doesn't assume
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00590-00116800-00117023 uh that people are rational instead our
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00591-00117024-00117119 our
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00592-00117120-00117695 model of human being is more like this
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00593-00117696-00117966 and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00594-00117967-00118134 in many ways
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00595-00118135-00118358 this is a sad perspective of human
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00596-00118359-00118471 nature
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00597-00118472-00118590 it means
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00598-00118591-00118751 we're myopic
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00599-00118752-00119071 easily confused we don't know what what
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00600-00119072-00119271 we're doing you know all the people here
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00601-00119272-00119415 in the room who are doing email at the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00602-00119416-00119615 same time as listening you know we think
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00603-00119616-00119831 we can do two things at the same time
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00604-00119832-00120143 only later realizing we really can't
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00605-00120144-00120302 um
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00606-00120303-00120543 so in some sense it's a very it's a very
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00607-00120544-00120758 sad view of human nature but but in a
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00608-00120759-00120951 very important way it's also optimistic
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00609-00120952-00121102 and the way it's optimistic is i like to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00610-00121103-00121271 think about his
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00611-00121272-00121502 thing about free lunches
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00612-00121503-00121686 and here is the idea when you in in
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00613-00121688-00121823 standard economics there are no free
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00614-00121824-00122023 lunches if you start from the idea that
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00615-00122024-00122190 everything is at equilibrium everything
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00616-00122191-00122390 is optimal what can you do to better
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00617-00122391-00122614 yourself off nothing everything is
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00618-00122615-00122758 optimal
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00619-00122759-00122934 if you think about people as having all
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00620-00122935-00123183 kinds of mistakes then you can also say
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00621-00123183-00123351 well it's a sad thing about human nature
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00622-00123352-00123478 but it also means there's a lot of
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00623-00123479-00123663 things we can do to improve things
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00624-00123664-00123790 there's all kind of mechanisms that we
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00625-00123791-00123919 can actually get
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00626-00123920-00124190 to build to build a better world
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00627-00124191-00124334 and i'll come back
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00628-00124335-00124478 to this later
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00629-00124479-00124623 so next what i want to do is i want to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00630-00124624-00124758 show you some other examples of
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00631-00124759-00124958 irrationality
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00632-00124959-00125175 and the next idea i want to present in
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00633-00125176-00125414 slight more detail is the idea that we
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00634-00125415-00125575 don't actually have well-defined
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00635-00125576-00125702 preferences
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00636-00125703-00125886 so you know we wake up every day we open
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00637-00125888-00126143 the closet we decide what to wear then
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00638-00126144-00126399 we open the refrigerator we decide what
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00639-00126400-00126519 we want to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00640-00126520-00126631 to eat
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00641-00126632-00126814 we decide how to drive to work we have
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00642-00126815-00127014 this feeling that we make these
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00643-00127015-00127214 decisions all the time we choose this
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00644-00127215-00127351 over this and these are kind of
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00645-00127352-00127510 reflection of our preferences we have
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00646-00127511-00127758 these internal preferences and we act on
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00647-00127759-00127983 them in in life
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00648-00127983-00128175 what if we don't have such well-defined
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00649-00128176-00128390 preferences but in fact we don't really
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00650-00128391-00128654 know what we want and what we don't want
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00651-00128655-00128863 that this belief that we have direct
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00652-00128864-00129054 access to our brain to feel our
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00653-00129055-00129263 preferences is actually more illusory
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00654-00129264-00129447 than real let me show you a couple of
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00655-00129448-00129719 experiments and we'll come back to this
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00656-00129720-00129958 so imagine i divide we divided into two
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00657-00129959-00130271 groups and i asked the group on the left
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00658-00130272-00130439 to write three reasons why you love your
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00659-00130440-00130727 significant other and ask people on the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00660-00130728-00130951 right to write ten reasons
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00661-00130952-00131166 why you love your significant other
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00662-00131167-00131359 and now i give you some time
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00663-00131360-00131663 to write don't do it now but uh if if
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00664-00131664-00131775 we're doing the real experiment you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00665-00131776-00131975 would write it down and then i would ask
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00666-00131976-00132143 you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00667-00132144-00132319 how much do you love your significant
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00668-00132320-00132559 other how likely you to stay together in
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00669-00132560-00132735 six months a year maybe this is
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00670-00132736-00132895 california in one month in two months
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00671-00132896-00133083 and three
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00672-00133084-00133390 months how likely you to have an affair
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00673-00133391-00133566 i ask you how how much do you do you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00674-00133567-00133735 love that person
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00675-00133736-00133927 will the fact that i present ask you to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00676-00133928-00134095 think about three reasons and ask you to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00677-00134096-00134327 think about 10 reasons should change
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00678-00134328-00134511 how much you love that person it
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00679-00134512-00134654 shouldn't i didn't tell you anything new
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00680-00134655-00134823 about them right if i told you hey i met
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00681-00134824-00134999 your significant other here's some new
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00682-00135000-00135199 piece of information there would be one
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00683-00135200-00135447 thing but i didn't tell you anything new
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00684-00135448-00135647 but of course it does matter
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00685-00135648-00135871 who do you think
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00686-00135872-00136078 have greater love to their spouse people
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00687-00136079-00136231 came up with three reasons or ten
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00688-00136232-00136383 reasons
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00689-00136384-00136702 three why why three
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00690-00136703-00137223 okay didn't have to think as much
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00691-00137224-00137454 it's easier that's right
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00692-00137455-00137623 you're not going to run out they're very
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00693-00137624-00137722 good
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00694-00137723-00137863 [Applause]
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00695-00137864-00138343 are you married
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00696-00138344-00138502 i hope your wife can see you on youtube
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00697-00138503-00138799 at some point
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00698-00138800-00139102 it it turns out it turns out uh what's
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00699-00139103-00139599 your name
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00700-00139600-00139790 it turns out he's exactly correct people
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00701-00139791-00140031 run out and as they struggle to come up
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00702-00140032-00140271 with reason number six and number seven
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00703-00140272-00140431 they say how much possibly can i love
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00704-00140432-00140663 that person if i can't come up
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00705-00140664-00140887 with 10 reasons
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00706-00140888-00141014 but the interesting thing is that you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00707-00141015-00141102 know
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00708-00141103-00141295 our spouse is the person we know the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00709-00141296-00141463 best in the world
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00710-00141464-00141654 what what should we know better
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00711-00141655-00141847 and if the process of thinking about our
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00712-00141848-00142007 spouse should dramatically change how
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00713-00142008-00142183 much we love them what what else can we
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00714-00142184-00142366 have trust in
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00715-00142367-00142559 by the way uh turns out the same thing
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00716-00142560-00142799 goes for bmws i don't know if anybody
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00717-00142800-00143014 here has willing to admit they have a
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00718-00143015-00143151 bmw
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00719-00143152-00143302 but it's the same thing you ask people
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00720-00143303-00143519 to think about 10 reasons
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00721-00143520-00143702 to get a bmw and they're less likely to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00722-00143703-00143863 do it
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00723-00143864-00144054 it's also very good in teaching
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00724-00144055-00144263 if i ask my students to think about 15
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00725-00144264-00144447 ways in which my class could be improved
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00726-00144448-00144839 i usually get higher teaching ratings
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00727-00144840-00145302 [Laughter]
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00728-00145303-00145711 so it is practical as you can see
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00729-00145712-00145871 so um
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00730-00145872-00145999 here's another example of the same
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00731-00146000-00146239 principle imagine i asked you how often
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00732-00146240-00146454 do you floss and i asked you to give me
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00733-00146455-00146702 on a scale from zero to nine a day
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00734-00146703-00146863 or i asked you on a scale from zero to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00735-00146864-00147014 nine a month
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00736-00147015-00147231 now then i gave you a number for a
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00737-00147232-00147414 hygienist and i said should you call her
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00738-00147415-00147647 up right to make an appointment
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00739-00147648-00147959 what happens is that if you got the top
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00740-00147960-00148166 scale you would answer somewhere on the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00741-00148167-00148263 left
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00742-00148264-00148447 and if you got the bottom scale unless
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00743-00148448-00148607 you don't floss at all you would answer
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00744-00148608-00148831 some or more to the right
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00745-00148832-00149071 but then you would go a step further
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00746-00149072-00149207 and you would say
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00747-00149208-00149399 my goodness i'm only flossing once or
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00748-00149400-00149726 twice a day i'm way below the norm
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00749-00149727-00149871 or in this case you would say my
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00750-00149872-00150095 goodness i'm flossing eight nine times a
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00751-00150096-00150335 month i'm perfectly perfectly fine and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00752-00150336-00150526 therefore be much less likely to call
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00753-00150527-00150775 the hygienist again
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00754-00150776-00150966 your hygiene practices is something you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00755-00150967-00151175 should know and this by the way works on
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00756-00151176-00151390 everything how many hours of television
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00757-00151391-00151654 do you watch a week and how much do you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00758-00151655-00151863 work and how good is your social life it
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00759-00151864-00152031 works on a lot of things it turns out we
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00760-00152032-00152247 just don't know and the scale that will
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00761-00152248-00152471 be given to think about something can
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00762-00152472-00152654 dramatically change how we think about
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00763-00152655-00152887 it as a consequence the scale designers
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00764-00152888-00153278 have a big influence on our lives
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00765-00153279-00153543 the next example i want to give you for
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00766-00153544-00153743 from this
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00767-00153744-00154039 is about the choices that we encounter
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00768-00154040-00154287 so we often depict examples of choices
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00769-00154288-00154519 in this way some multi-dimensional space
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00770-00154520-00154831 now imagine i gave you an option i say
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00771-00154832-00155126 would you like to have a weekend in rome
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00772-00155127-00155295 all expenses paid
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00773-00155296-00155431 or would you rather have a weekend in
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00774-00155432-00155751 paris all expenses paid roman paris are
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00775-00155752-00155902 different different food different
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00776-00155903-00156135 culture different art
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00777-00156136-00156278 hard to decide i mean some people might
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00778-00156279-00156407 have a strong preference but for many
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00779-00156408-00156647 people it's hard to decide
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00780-00156648-00156854 what if i added
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00781-00156855-00157126 a choice that nobody wanted
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00782-00157127-00157326 what if i said weekly enrollment
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00783-00157327-00157551 expenses paid a week in paris all
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00784-00157552-00157943 expenses paid or having your car stolen
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00785-00157944-00158023 now
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00786-00158024-00158319 now this is a not exciting offer nobody
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00787-00158320-00158495 should want it
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00788-00158496-00158647 and of course it shouldn't change your
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00789-00158648-00158902 preferences between rome and paris
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00790-00158903-00159078 but what if the option of having your
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00791-00159079-00159326 car stolen was not as extreme and in
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00792-00159327-00159511 fact it was quite similar to one of the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00793-00159512-00159639 two options
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00794-00159640-00159943 so you have rome
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00795-00159944-00160047 paris
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00796-00160048-00160223 or you could have rome without coffee in
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00797-00160224-00160343 the morning
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00798-00160344-00160431 okay
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00799-00160432-00160575 now
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00800-00160576-00160799 if i said if i say
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00801-00160800-00161063 paris all expenses paid or roam all
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00802-00161064-00161271 expenses paid without the coffee the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00803-00161272-00161399 coffee doesn't really make a big
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00804-00161400-00161535 difference
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00805-00161536-00161654 right
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00806-00161655-00161863 not well you could pay for it it doesn't
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00807-00161864-00162007 mean you can't drink coffee just means
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00808-00162008-00162495 you have to pay for it included
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00809-00162496-00162663 i bought the heckler with my previous
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00810-00162664-00162951 comment
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00811-00162952-00163175 but the thing is but the thing is that
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00812-00163176-00163335 the contrast
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00813-00163336-00163599 the contrast between rome with coffee in
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00814-00163600-00163766 rome without coffee makes it clear that
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00815-00163767-00163919 rome with coffee is better than wrong
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00816-00163920-00164111 without coffee
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00817-00164112-00164278 and interestingly enough
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00818-00164279-00164478 it makes it appear not better only from
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00819-00164479-00164702 rome without coffee it makes it appear
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00820-00164703-00164854 even better than paris
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00821-00164855-00165063 so when you introduce rome without
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00822-00165064-00165359 coffee to the set around paris people
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00823-00165360-00165631 start choosing rome and if you introduce
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00824-00165632-00165847 paris without coffee people start
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00825-00165848-00165935 choosing
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00826-00165936-00166151 choosing paris
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00827-00166152-00166311 now here's here's a here's another
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00828-00166312-00166559 example of this a while ago i went on
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00829-00166560-00166766 the a website for the economist and they
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00830-00166767-00166951 had the following offer
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00831-00166952-00167143 you could get an online subscription for
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00832-00167144-00167302 59
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00833-00167303-00167526 sound quite reasonable
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00834-00167527-00167687 you could get a print subscription for
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00835-00167688-00167990 125 again sound reasonable
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00836-00167991-00168463 or you could get both for 125.
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00837-00168464-00168726 now independently the idea of getting
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00838-00168727-00168975 both for 125 seems very reasonable
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00839-00168976-00169159 but it makes this middle option seems
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00840-00169160-00169390 very strange right why would anybody get
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00841-00169391-00169614 this option of getting part of what you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00842-00169615-00169871 could get for the same amount of money
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00843-00169872-00170063 so i called up the economist and i said
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00844-00170064-00170278 you know tell me what what was going on
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00845-00170279-00170423 in your minds when you when you were
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00846-00170424-00170590 doing this
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00847-00170591-00170751 and they didn't tell me and they took it
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00848-00170752-00170990 offline so i never i never learned what
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00849-00170991-00171302 they were thinking
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00850-00171303-00171463 but i did
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00851-00171464-00171687 run the experiment and i ideally i would
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00852-00171688-00171871 have liked them to run with me
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00853-00171872-00172047 i printed this off and i gave it to 100
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00854-00172048-00172263 mit students and these were the market
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00855-00172264-00172502 share a few people wanted the online
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00856-00172503-00172878 vast majority wanted the combo deal
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00857-00172879-00173126 nobody nobody picked the dominated
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00858-00173127-00173278 option right
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00859-00173279-00173447 good for admission office right we
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00860-00173448-00174102 eliminated all the people who
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00861-00174103-00174390 so so since nobody took this offer i
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00862-00174391-00174590 said let's take it away why why would
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00863-00174591-00174783 you waste space on an offer that nobody
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00864-00174784-00174990 wants so another 100 students got the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00865-00174991-00175159 same offer but without the middle option
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00866-00175160-00175351 they only got the top and the bottom
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00867-00175352-00175526 now what happened is that the most
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00868-00175527-00175711 popular option became the least popular
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00869-00175712-00175854 the least popular became the most
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00870-00175855-00175951 popular
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00871-00175952-00176175 you see while the middle option was
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00872-00176176-00176447 useless in the sense that nobody wanted
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00873-00176448-00176671 it it wasn't useless in the sense of
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00874-00176672-00176823 helping people figure out what they
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00875-00176824-00176926 wanted
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00876-00176927-00177199 this basic option screamed
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00877-00177200-00177390 hey look at me compared to me this one
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00878-00177391-00177676 below me is fantastic in fact
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00879-00177677-00177926 [Music]
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00880-00177927-00178159 in fact you're getting the web for free
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00881-00178160-00178311 relative to me if you look at it this
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00882-00178312-00178438 way
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00883-00178439-00178623 and this this all goes back to the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00884-00178624-00178895 difficulty of figuring out how much we
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00885-00178896-00179071 like those things how much is this
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00886-00179072-00179302 package of print and web worth together
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00887-00179303-00179559 i have no idea and therefore i rely on
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00888-00179560-00179751 cues in the environment including
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00889-00179752-00180023 irrelevant ones to help me figure out
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00890-00180024-00180166 what i'm willing to pay for things and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00891-00180167-00180535 how much how much they're worth
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00892-00180536-00180743 and i also did this with sexual
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00893-00180744-00180951 attraction so often we think that when
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00894-00180952-00181143 we meet somebody we know immediately if
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00895-00181144-00181326 we're attracted to them or not it's kind
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00896-00181327-00181575 of a basic idea maybe that's the the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00897-00181576-00181726 reason for the you know the two-minute
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00898-00181727-00182071 dating speed dating ideas um so i took
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00899-00182072-00182231 pictures of mit students and i kind of
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00900-00182232-00182663 paired them up
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00901-00182664-00182831 i will not show you the pictures of mit
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00902-00182832-00182975 students these will be computer images
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00903-00182976-00183199 to to protect their privacy but i
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00904-00183200-00183351 basically took pictures of mit students
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00905-00183352-00183551 how many people he went to mit
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00906-00183552-00183678 okay very good
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00907-00183679-00183887 there's a lot of good mit jokes on these
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00908-00183888-00184135 things but well
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00909-00184136-00184271 um
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00910-00184272-00184343 and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00911-00184344-00184519 and i paired them up to be kind of like
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00912-00184520-00184631 generally similar in their
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00913-00184632-00184878 attractiveness okay so i would take
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00914-00184879-00185063 somebody and let's call him tom and i
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00915-00185064-00185231 would take somebody let's call them
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00916-00185232-00185423 jerry and i would ask people who who do
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00917-00185424-00185663 you who do you want to date now what i
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00918-00185664-00185919 would do is with photoshop i would make
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00919-00185920-00186287 an uglier version of one of them
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00920-00186288-00186526 so some people would see tom jerry and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00921-00186527-00187111 ugly jerry
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00922-00187112-00187350 and and other people we see a tom jerry
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00923-00187351-00187871 and ugly ugly tom and and basically
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00924-00187872-00188007 and basically the question is will the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00925-00188008-00188150 same thing happen and the answer is
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00926-00188151-00188295 absolutely yes
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00927-00188296-00188599 the ugly similar friend always made the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00928-00188600-00188895 other person look better so ugly ugly
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00929-00188896-00189247 jerry made jerry look the most popular
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00930-00189248-00189390 ugly tom
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00931-00189391-00189911 made tom made tom looks more popular
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00932-00189912-00190278 okay now
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00933-00190279-00190599 i want to do one
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00934-00190600-00190838 going to do an experiment
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00935-00190839-00190983 let me actually talk to you a little bit
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00936-00190984-00191190 about one other one other topic so the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00937-00191191-00191326 next topic i want to talk to you about
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00938-00191327-00191519 is cheating
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00939-00191520-00191783 um so i i became interested in cheating
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00940-00191784-00191883 when
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00941-00191884-00192254 enron came to the to the field and a few
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00942-00192255-00192438 things kind of bothered me about this
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00943-00192439-00192647 one is that some of the architects of
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00944-00192648-00192919 enron while they were in many way evil
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00945-00192920-00193111 people who stole billions of dollars
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00946-00193112-00193414 from the u.s economy um at least some of
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00947-00193415-00193590 them seem to be upstanding citizens in
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00948-00193591-00193743 their community they were giving money
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00949-00193744-00193911 they were volunteering
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00950-00193912-00194023 the other thing is a lot of people
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00951-00194024-00194183 worked at the enron how could it be that
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00952-00194184-00194326 they kind of collected all these evil
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00953-00194327-00194566 people to to work at the same at the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00954-00194567-00194823 same time now we we had this belief that
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00955-00194824-00195047 it's all about a few bad apples but what
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00956-00195048-00195271 if it's not about a few bad apples what
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00957-00195272-00195399 if there was something about the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00958-00195400-00195575 structure of enron that allowed
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00959-00195576-00195847 otherwise normal people to cheat to that
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00960-00195848-00195990 level
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00961-00195991-00196166 if that's the case then we might as well
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00962-00196167-00196335 learn about it and figure out what was
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00963-00196336-00196487 it about the structure
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00964-00196488-00196583 so i want to tell you about some
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00965-00196584-00196702 experiments
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00966-00196703-00196895 that we did on cheating so like we
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00967-00196896-00197031 usually do we start with very simple
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00968-00197032-00197199 experiments so i created a sheet of
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00969-00197200-00197438 paper with 20 simple math problems that
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00970-00197439-00197671 everybody could solve given enough time
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00971-00197672-00197895 but i didn't give people enough time
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00972-00197896-00198054 so if you were in my experiment i would
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00973-00198055-00198231 pass you the sheets of paper when the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00974-00198232-00198390 five minutes were over i would collect
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00975-00198391-00198575 them back and i would pay you by your
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00976-00198576-00198814 performance turns out the average
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00977-00198815-00199038 students we tested solve about four of
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00978-00199039-00199166 these problems and we paid them four
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00979-00199167-00199319 dollars
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00980-00199320-00199502 that's the control condition
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00981-00199503-00199663 then for another group we passed the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00982-00199664-00199814 sheets of paper but when the five
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00983-00199815-00199943 minutes were over
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00984-00199944-00200150 we said please shred the piece of paper
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00985-00200151-00200311 and tell us how many questions you got
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00986-00200312-00200447 correctly
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00987-00200448-00200599 okay now interestingly enough people
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00988-00200600-00200790 solved seven
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00989-00200791-00200950 problems of course they didn't become
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00990-00200951-00201143 smart and just cheated
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00991-00201144-00201302 and it wasn't the case as if a few
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00992-00201303-00201502 people cheated a lot it was the case
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00993-00201503-00201678 that a lot of people cheated just by a
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00994-00201679-00202023 little bit now why do people cheat
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00995-00202024-00202231 in standard economic thinking cheating
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00996-00202232-00202399 is basically a function of how much
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00997-00202400-00202575 money do we tend to gain what's the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00998-00202576-00202750 probability of being caught and how much
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-00999-00202751-00202959 will be in prison so every time you pass
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01000-00202960-00203111 by a gas station that's the question you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01001-00203112-00203414 should be asking yourself
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01002-00203415-00203599 in this how much money is in the teal
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01003-00203600-00203750 what's the chance you'll catch me how
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01004-00203751-00203950 much time will i get in prison
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01005-00203951-00204111 so we we played with those how did we
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01006-00204112-00204254 play with those we paid people different
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01007-00204255-00204438 amounts per question some people got 10
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01008-00204439-00204719 cents per correct question 25 50 a
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01009-00204720-00204871 dollar two dollars five dollars ten
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01010-00204871-00205038 dollars per question
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01011-00205039-00205255 turns out it doesn't matter
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01012-00205256-00205342 still
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01013-00205344-00205631 across all of these quite large range of
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01014-00205632-00205871 reward a lot of people cheated but just
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01015-00205871-00206103 by a little bit then we played with the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01016-00206104-00206303 probability of being caught
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01017-00206304-00206542 some people shredded the whole sheet
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01018-00206544-00206694 some people shred only half the sheet so
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01019-00206696-00206879 there was some evidence left some people
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01020-00206880-00207079 shred the whole sheet left the room and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01021-00207080-00207223 paid themselves from a ball of money
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01022-00207223-00207366 that had over a hundred
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01023-00207367-00207510 these guys could have really walked out
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01024-00207511-00207686 with a lot of money
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01025-00207687-00207910 nothing changed still a lot of people
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01026-00207911-00208151 cheated by just by a little bit
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01027-00208152-00208303 so it wasn't about how much people were
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01028-00208304-00208438 starting to gain
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01029-00208439-00208646 it wasn't about the probability
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01030-00208648-00208919 of being caught what was there
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01031-00208919-00209142 so we thought maybe what is going on
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01032-00209144-00209262 is that people have kind of an
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01033-00209263-00209471 individual fudge factor
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01034-00209471-00209751 that we have we all want to look at
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01035-00209752-00209879 ourselves in the mirror and feel that
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01036-00209880-00210055 we're good people right so we have some
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01037-00210056-00210239 utility from this image of ourselves as
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01038-00210240-00210431 good people
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01039-00210432-00210575 at the same time
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01040-00210576-00210782 we want to benefit from cheating
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01041-00210783-00210910 and maybe what we're doing is we're
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01042-00210911-00211158 balancing these two goals we cheat up to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01043-00211159-00211375 the level we would have to update our
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01044-00211376-00211519 image of ourselves
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01045-00211519-00211703 so we cheat after the level that we can
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01046-00211704-00211823 still look at ourselves in the mirror
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01047-00211823-00211982 and feel good about it and that's kind
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01048-00211983-00212206 of our personal fudge factor
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01049-00212207-00212375 now how how would you test something
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01050-00212376-00212479 like that
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01051-00212480-00212606 what you would want to do is you would
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01052-00212607-00212767 want to think about ways to shrink the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01053-00212767-00212894 fudge factor
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01054-00212896-00213063 and you would want to create ways to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01055-00213064-00213271 increase the fudge factor so let me
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01056-00213271-00213510 first tell you about the shrinking
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01057-00213511-00213815 we got some people to come to the lab
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01058-00213816-00213958 and we said we have two experiments for
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01059-00213959-00214071 you the first one is the memory
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01060-00214071-00214334 experiment the second one is a simple
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01061-00214335-00214534 math experiment for the memory
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01062-00214535-00214679 experiment we asked half the people to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01063-00214680-00214903 recall 10 books they read in high school
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01064-00214904-00215031 and we asked the other half to recall
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01065-00215032-00215279 the 10 commandments
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01066-00215280-00215527 then we tempted them with cheating
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01067-00215528-00215679 first of all you should know that nobody
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01068-00215680-00215806 in our sample remember the 10
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01069-00215807-00215982 commandments
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01070-00215983-00216142 and those who wrote 10 things usually
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01071-00216144-00216271 invented
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01072-00216271-00216534 always invented a couple
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01073-00216535-00216710 but interestingly enough
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01074-00216711-00216855 those who were asked to think about the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01075-00216856-00217151 10 commandments nobody cheated
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01076-00217152-00217287 it wasn't as if the more religious
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01077-00217288-00217431 people the people who remembered more of
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01078-00217432-00217598 the commandment cheated less and the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01079-00217600-00217710 people who remembered fewer of the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01080-00217711-00217894 commandments she did more just
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01081-00217896-00218079 contemplating the ten commandments
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01082-00218080-00218334 eliminated cheating whatsoever
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01083-00218335-00218494 so we said you know what it's very hard
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01084-00218496-00218703 to bring the ten commandments back to to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01085-00218704-00218991 school let's play with the honor code
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01086-00218992-00219175 so we got people to sign i understand
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01087-00219176-00219351 that this short survey falls under the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01088-00219352-00219542 mit honor code
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01089-00219544-00219719 they shredded it
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01090-00219719-00219919 no cheating whatsoever
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01091-00219919-00220071 now interestingly enough mit doesn't
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01092-00220071-00220206 have an honor code
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01093-00220207-00220694 so
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01094-00220696-00220839 and this actually brings us to important
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01095-00220840-00220975 point because
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01096-00220976-00221175 we also tested this at princeton anybody
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01097-00221176-00221310 who went to princeton
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01098-00221311-00221527 okay so princeton as you know has a very
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01099-00221528-00221751 strong honor code in fact they they
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01100-00221752-00221934 drive they spend the week with the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01101-00221935-00222271 freshmen driving honesty into them
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01102-00222271-00222423 the first question is the prints on
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01103-00222423-00222623 experiment working when you meet the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01104-00222623-00222806 average princeton student on the streets
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01105-00222807-00222982 of princeton on the average mit students
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01106-00222983-00223151 on the streets of cambridge do they
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01107-00223152-00223358 cheat very differently
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01108-00223359-00223606 no they achieve just the same level now
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01109-00223607-00223775 you could theorize that this principle
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01110-00223776-00223919 started from a worse perspective and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01111-00223919-00224334 this education brought them back
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01112-00224335-00224615 to the same level but most likely
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01113-00224616-00224863 this week-long attempt to create a
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01114-00224864-00225079 culture of honesty just doesn't seem to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01115-00225080-00225319 be working very well the same at the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01116-00225319-00225551 same time when either the mit students
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01117-00225552-00225694 or the princeton students sign their
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01118-00225696-00225919 honor code nobody cheats
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01119-00225919-00226119 so it wasn't so much about
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01120-00226119-00226303 the size of the punishment which is huge
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01121-00226304-00226534 at princeton and nothing at mit
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01122-00226535-00226751 it is about contemplating your own
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01123-00226752-00226879 morality
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01124-00226880-00227182 so so we saw this and we went to the ira
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01125-00227183-00227358 the irs
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01126-00227359-00228151 and we said sorry
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01127-00228152-00228246 okay
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01128-00228248-00228479 we went to the irs and and we said look
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01129-00228480-00228631 we found out that if people sign at the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01130-00228632-00228710 top
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01131-00228711-00228879 they're less likely to cheat now when
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01132-00228880-00229127 people get to the bottom of the tax form
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01133-00229128-00229334 it's kind of too late they've cheated
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01134-00229335-00229519 why don't we try out with getting people
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01135-00229519-00229679 to sign at the top
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01136-00229680-00229791 and they basically told us they have
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01137-00229792-00229982 bigger fish to to fry than this
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01138-00229983-00230263 particular one
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01139-00230264-00230439 but we did we did get an insurance
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01140-00230440-00230623 company to work with us so so many
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01141-00230623-00230782 insurance companies
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01142-00230783-00230942 send people
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01143-00230944-00231310 um
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01144-00231311-00231446 forms in the middle of the year asking
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01145-00231448-00231623 how many miles did you drive
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01146-00231623-00231871 and we all have an incentive to reduce
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01147-00231871-00232103 that number of mile that we pretend to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01148-00232104-00232310 have driven because our insurance policy
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01149-00232311-00232446 is based on it
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01150-00232448-00232646 so some people stand at the top
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01151-00232648-00232782 filled in their mouths some people fill
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01152-00232783-00232958 their mouth and sign the bottom turn the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01153-00232959-00233175 people who sign at the top drove much
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01154-00233176-00233431 more and then the people who signed
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01155-00233432-00233655 sign at the bottom
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01156-00233656-00233806 so that was all about
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01157-00233807-00233975 decreasing
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01158-00233976-00234231 the fudge factor what about what about
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01159-00234232-00234479 increasing it
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01160-00234480-00234742 so
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01161-00234744-00234998 so i heard this story when i was a kid
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01162-00235000-00235327 that that somebody comes from school
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01163-00235328-00235463 what's your name
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01164-00235464-00235639 david it's perfect little david comes
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01165-00235640-00235791 from school
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01166-00235792-00235934 with a note from the teacher that says
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01167-00235935-00236103 david stole a pencil from the kid who
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01168-00236104-00236303 was sitting next to him and his father
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01169-00236304-00236510 is furious david i'm so embarrassed and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01170-00236511-00236694 humiliated how he will tell your mother
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01171-00236696-00236894 this is not how we raised you to steal
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01172-00236896-00237182 pencils and i'm just flabbergasted and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01173-00237183-00237375 beside if you need a pencil just say
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01174-00237376-00237519 something i can bring you a dozen from
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01175-00237519-00238134 work
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01176-00238135-00238431 now
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01177-00238432-00238703 now what what is the intuition here the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01178-00238704-00238942 intuition is that
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01179-00238944-00239087 there's a lot of things we can tell
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01180-00239088-00239382 ourselves about pencil we can say oh yes
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01181-00239383-00239479 a
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01182-00239480-00239631 workplace really wants us to take a
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01183-00239632-00239782 pencil home because we could get more
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01184-00239783-00239998 efficient we can work at home as well or
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01185-00240000-00240142 we can say well even if we give it to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01186-00240144-00240303 our kids they would leave us alone and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01187-00240304-00240471 we could check our blackberry and answer
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01188-00240471-00240663 a couple of more emails there's all
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01189-00240664-00240839 kinds of stories we can tell about it
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01190-00240840-00240967 and maybe
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01191-00240967-00241134 that's an important feature
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01192-00241135-00241223 maybe
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01193-00241223-00241430 taking a pencil is so easy and taking 10
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01194-00241431-00241679 cents from a petty cash box is so much
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01195-00241680-00241855 more difficult from a morality
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01196-00241856-00241998 perspective because there's a lot of
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01197-00242000-00242255 degrees of freedom in the pencil
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01198-00242256-00242382 so i'll tell you about two experiments
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01199-00242383-00242582 the first one is not a great experiment
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01200-00242583-00242758 but still
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01201-00242759-00242991 cute so i walk around mit and i deposit
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01202-00242992-00243134 six packs of cokes in the common
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01203-00243135-00243287 refrigerators
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01204-00243288-00243463 and i come back and i measure what we
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01205-00243464-00243639 technically call as the half lifetime of
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01206-00243640-00243958 coke how how long it lasts and you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01207-00243959-00244063 wouldn't be surprised you know it
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01208-00244064-00244263 doesn't last very long
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01209-00244264-00244430 and then i compare it to a situation
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01210-00244431-00244606 which i take a plate and i put six one
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01211-00244607-00244894 dollar bills and put in the refrigerator
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01212-00244896-00245023 and i come back
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01213-00245023-00245167 i come back and i check how my one
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01214-00245167-00245367 dollar bills are doing now the students
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01215-00245367-00245503 could take a one dollar bill they could
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01216-00245504-00245646 go to a vending machine they could get a
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01217-00245648-00245982 coke plus change but nobody ever
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01218-00245983-00246151 took money
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01219-00246152-00246294 and that's kind of the pencil analogy
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01220-00246296-00246542 now it's not a great experiment because
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01221-00246544-00246751 you often find coke in the refrigerator
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01222-00246752-00246982 and dollars is not really a common a
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01223-00246983-00247206 common thing so
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01224-00247207-00247391 so we went we went back to the simple
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01225-00247392-00247582 math experiment and we designed another
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01226-00247583-00247734 condition
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01227-00247735-00247879 so a third of the people got the sheets
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01228-00247880-00248023 of paper when the five minutes were over
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01229-00248023-00248223 we collected it we paid them they sold
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01230-00248223-00248494 four problems a third of the people when
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01231-00248496-00248630 they finished we asked them to shred the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01232-00248631-00248823 piece of paper and they came to us and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01233-00248823-00249039 said mr experimenter i solved x problems
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01234-00249040-00249271 give me x dollars we paid them
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01235-00249271-00249487 they claimed to solve seven the third
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01236-00249488-00249679 group when they finished they shredded a
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01237-00249680-00249839 sheet of paper and they said mr
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01238-00249840-00250094 experiment i solved x problems give me x
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01239-00250096-00250255 tokens
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01240-00250256-00250463 we gave them a token per question they
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01241-00250464-00250655 walked 12 feet to the side and they
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01242-00250656-00250879 changed it for money in some sense we
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01243-00250880-00251046 gave them a pencil but we gave them a
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01244-00251048-00251263 pencil for a few seconds
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01245-00251264-00251519 these students doubled their cheating
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01246-00251519-00251782 double their cheating
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01247-00251783-00251982 now for me this is perhaps the most
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01248-00251983-00252158 worrisome experiment
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01249-00252159-00252287 of all we got
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01250-00252288-00252463 because we're moving to be an economy
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01251-00252464-00252694 that is not about money it's about
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01252-00252696-00252839 things that are at least one step
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01253-00252840-00252982 removed for money
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01254-00252983-00253255 think about
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01255-00253256-00253494 a ceo who is backdating their stock
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01256-00253496-00253782 options it's not money it's stocks it's
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01257-00253783-00253975 not stock it's stock options it's not
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01258-00253976-00254175 asking for money just change the date a
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01259-00254176-00254271 little bit
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01260-00254271-00254398 could it be that somebody who could
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01261-00254400-00254646 never imagine stealing a hundred dollars
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01262-00254648-00254823 from a petty cash box could nevertheless
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01263-00254823-00255079 very easily
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01264-00255080-00255279 back to their stock options and still
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01265-00255280-00255398 feel honest
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01266-00255400-00255575 about their overall behavior
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01267-00255576-00255775 i think the answer is absolutely yes
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01268-00255776-00256006 could it be when people cheat on
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01269-00256007-00256206 paypal and other things that are steps
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01270-00256207-00256415 remove for money credit cards it's
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01271-00256416-00256623 actually easier for them to be to feel
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01272-00256623-00256894 honest and at the same time cheating
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01273-00256896-00257079 and there's one more point about this if
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01274-00257080-00257287 you look at me as an economy
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01275-00257288-00257455 um i
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01276-00257456-00257630 i ran experiments on about four or five
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01277-00257631-00257751 thousand students and by the way it's
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01278-00257752-00257887 not just mit
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01279-00257888-00258127 uh we had
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01280-00258128-00258310 even students from harvard the whole
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01281-00258311-00258406 range
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01282-00258407-00258606 no we had students from
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01283-00258607-00258942 mit harvard ucla princeton yale so so we
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01284-00258944-00259175 had a good selection of generally good
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01285-00259176-00259406 people
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01286-00259407-00259567 and nevertheless a lot of them cheated
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01287-00259567-00259894 but if you look at how much money i lost
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01288-00259896-00260319 in my whole sample i had about five
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01289-00260319-00260567 students who cheated a lot
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01290-00260567-00260719 some students who basically went all the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01291-00260719-00260919 way cheated dramatically
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01292-00260919-00261079 i had thousands of students who cheated
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01293-00261080-00261263 just by a little bit
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01294-00261264-00261479 and i lost dramatically more
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01295-00261480-00261623 now if you if you make the analogy to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01296-00261623-00261758 society and of course i'm making some
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01297-00261759-00261975 leaps here but
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01298-00261976-00262358 if we think about blue-collar criminal
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01299-00262359-00262527 criminals
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01300-00262528-00262671 it turns out the estimated amount that
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01301-00262672-00263047 we lose for arsony thefts from homes car
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01302-00263048-00263279 thefts all of those things together are
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01303-00263280-00263487 about 16 billion dollars a year
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01304-00263488-00263695 that's not a small amount but
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01305-00263696-00263903 let's compare it to some other things
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01306-00263904-00264079 the clothing industry
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01307-00264080-00264175 do you know what this thing called
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01308-00264176-00264382 wardrobing have you heard of this you go
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01309-00264383-00264582 to a closing store you buy some clothes
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01310-00264583-00264767 you wear them to a party they get torn
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01311-00264768-00265015 they get smell they smoke and you return
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01312-00265016-00265182 them for a full refund
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01313-00265183-00265327 the clothing industry estimates they
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01314-00265328-00265543 lose 16 billion dollars a year on this
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01315-00265544-00265799 one one practice
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01316-00265800-00266255 insurance property theft exaggerations
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01317-00266256-00266495 are 24 billion dollars a year
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01318-00266496-00266582 and by the way when you talk the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01319-00266583-00266719 insurance people they say it's not as if
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01320-00266720-00266967 somebody invents a stolen television but
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01321-00266968-00267143 if they had a 31-inch television it was
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01322-00267144-00267358 tall it becomes 34 and if it's 34 it
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01323-00267359-00267630 becomes 37 and there's kind of a slight
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01324-00267631-00267855 exaggeration that everybody is willing
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01325-00267856-00268006 to take
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01326-00268007-00268151 and when you look at it this way we pay
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01327-00268152-00268310 a lot of attention to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01328-00268311-00268471 the planned crime
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01329-00268472-00268630 but i think that in society in general
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01330-00268631-00268758 much like in our experiments probably
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01331-00268759-00268910 the most prevalent
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01332-00268911-00269087 loss to the economy doesn't come from
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01333-00269088-00269303 the planned crime it comes from the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01334-00269304-00269487 little fudging that
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01335-00269488-00269647 that good people do
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01336-00269648-00269855 just by a little bit
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01337-00269856-00270127 and for example i'm willing to to bet
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01338-00270128-00270327 that the amount of money people lose for
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01339-00270328-00270558 exaggerated expense reports are much
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01340-00270559-00270743 higher than when we lose to the whole
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01341-00270744-00270887 kind of blue color
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01342-00270888-00271615 crime crime market
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01343-00271616-00271855 let me tell you uh what i think are the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01344-00271856-00272006 big lessons from from behavioral
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01345-00272007-00272182 economics
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01346-00272183-00272334 the first one is that we have these
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01347-00272335-00272567 irrational tendencies and we have to we
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01348-00272568-00272855 have to recognize them
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01349-00272856-00273015 the second thing is that our intuitions
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01350-00273016-00273151 are often wrong
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01351-00273152-00273343 think back to the to example i gave you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01352-00273344-00273582 in the beginning with the organ donation
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01353-00273583-00273823 how many people here feel that if you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01354-00273824-00273982 went to the dmv
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01355-00273983-00274151 and the form would have been phrased one
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01356-00274152-00274358 way or another your own decision would
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01357-00274359-00274503 have been different about whether to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01358-00274504-00274703 donate your organs or not
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01359-00274704-00274847 right it's very easy to sell these funny
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01360-00274848-00274991 europeans of course they will be
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01361-00274992-00275191 influenced
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01362-00275192-00275439 but having having the intuition that we
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01363-00275440-00275575 ourselves would be influenced is
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01364-00275576-00275767 incredibly hard and this is why these
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01365-00275768-00275927 these tricks are incredibly powerful
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01366-00275928-00276143 because they don't play into our
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01367-00276144-00276287 intuitions we don't have any intuitions
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01368-00276288-00276439 about them
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01369-00276440-00276655 now if we make flawed decisions and we
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01370-00276656-00276919 have good bad intuitions about them what
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01371-00276920-00277071 what can we do
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01372-00277072-00277255 and the only answer is experiments the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01373-00277256-00277382 only answer is that we have to really
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01374-00277383-00277575 think about what what we do right and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01375-00277576-00277823 what we do wrong and think about
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01376-00277824-00278015 what assumptions we have about the these
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01377-00278016-00278158 kind of things and how do we how do we
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01378-00278159-00278534 test them in a systematic way
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01379-00278535-00278879 the next the next implication is that um
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01380-00278880-00279175 if if you go a bar hopping
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01381-00279176-00279382 who do you want to take with you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01382-00279383-00279519 right
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01383-00279520-00279775 you want to take the middle guy
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01384-00279776-00280015 so so you always want to take somebody
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01385-00280016-00280167 who is similar but slightly less
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01386-00280168-00280463 attractive than you are
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01387-00280464-00280630 and and if somebody else invites you to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01388-00280631-00280775 come with them you know how they think
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01389-00280776-00281351 about you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01390-00281352-00281558 finally you know are we are we
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01391-00281559-00281839 superman are we homer simpson
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01392-00281840-00281999 you know when we when we build the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01393-00282000-00282287 physical world when we build shoes and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01394-00282288-00282671 what bottle water and we build
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01395-00282672-00282847 chairs and all of those things we we
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01396-00282848-00283063 kind of realize our physical limitations
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01397-00283064-00283223 we understand where we fail we
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01398-00283224-00283375 understand where we're short where we
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01399-00283376-00283567 don't do well and we build the physical
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01400-00283568-00283815 world to to work with that right we
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01401-00283816-00283958 don't build
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01402-00283959-00284158 chairs for superman and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01403-00284159-00284319 but somehow when we move to the mental
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01404-00284320-00284551 domain when we move to things like
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01405-00284552-00284710 retirement
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01406-00284711-00285023 annuities health care we somehow assume
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01407-00285024-00285254 that people are perfectly rational
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01408-00285255-00285367 and i think that while behavior
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01409-00285368-00285575 economics is kind of depressing a little
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01410-00285576-00285830 bit about our own nature the the big
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01411-00285831-00286071 hope is for the people who are designing
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01412-00286072-00286295 this world to say how do we want
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01413-00286296-00286454 how do we want to design it and if we
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01414-00286455-00286663 understood the cognitive limitation in
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01415-00286664-00286830 the same way we understand physical
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01416-00286831-00287127 limitations maybe we could build
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01417-00287128-00287310 a better world and let me give you an
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01418-00287311-00287519 example of
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01419-00287520-00287703 one idea is to think about the subprime
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01420-00287704-00287903 mortgage crisis so i
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01421-00287904-00288095 also have a position the boston federal
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01422-00288096-00288247 reserve bank
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01423-00288248-00288439 and my job is to argue with the local
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01424-00288440-00288663 economists from time to time and a few
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01425-00288664-00288879 years ago we had a debate about
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01426-00288880-00289095 interest-only mortgages
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01427-00289096-00289263 now interest-only mortgages mean that
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01428-00289264-00289406 every month you can decide just to pay
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01429-00289407-00289567 the interest or pay the interest plus
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01430-00289568-00289775 some of the principal
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01431-00289776-00289934 from an economic perspective this is a
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01432-00289935-00290151 wonderful thing because you increase
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01433-00290152-00290358 flexibility the person who is boring can
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01434-00290359-00290510 now decide every month what's the right
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01435-00290511-00290663 thing for them to do
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01436-00290664-00290879 in fact one of my friends in the bank
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01437-00290880-00291110 found out that people with higher credit
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01438-00291111-00291279 card debts were more likely to take
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01439-00291280-00291487 interest only mortgages and he said he's
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01440-00291488-00291710 a wonderful smart people they're stuck
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01441-00291711-00291903 with this bad credit card debt they're
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01442-00291904-00292103 going to take the interest-only mortgage
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01443-00292104-00292271 and then they're going to pay back
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01444-00292272-00292423 the credit card there's a lot of
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01445-00292424-00292591 assumptions there of course but
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01446-00292592-00292727 that was his
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01447-00292728-00292943 his idea um
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01448-00292944-00293199 but i said think about how difficult it
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01449-00293200-00293343 is to compute
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01450-00293344-00293519 what is the optimal amount of mortgage
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01451-00293520-00293679 for you to get
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01452-00293680-00293871 how would you even go about computing
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01453-00293872-00294095 that it's incredibly hard you have to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01454-00294096-00294295 think about your
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01455-00294296-00294471 current income and future income and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01456-00294472-00294727 future market and your other expenses
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01457-00294728-00294854 and you have to think about just
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01458-00294855-00295119 incredibly difficult to figure out
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01459-00295120-00295287 so what do people do do they figure it
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01460-00295288-00295479 out no they don't they go to the bank
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01461-00295480-00295687 they say how much would you lend me and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01462-00295688-00295863 the bank said i'll lend you 30 percent
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01463-00295864-00296079 it's okay that's what i'll take now
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01464-00296080-00296239 what the bank is telling them they would
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01465-00296240-00296391 lend them is not the right question to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01466-00296392-00296527 the right answer they should ask how
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01467-00296528-00296758 much do i want to borrow not how much i
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01468-00296759-00296934 can borrow not what the max i can borrow
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01469-00296935-00297119 how much i should be borrowing
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01470-00297120-00297247 it's not about the risk the bank is
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01471-00297248-00297415 willing to take is how much you as an
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01472-00297416-00297630 individual want to take
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01473-00297631-00297806 but because it's so hard to figure out
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01474-00297807-00297958 people just don't
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01475-00297959-00298127 now we created this interest only
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01476-00298128-00298358 mortgages now if people borrow the same
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01477-00298359-00298503 amount
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01478-00298504-00298727 they would have extra flexibility but if
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01479-00298728-00298895 people all of a sudden went and borrowed
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01480-00298896-00298982 more
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01481-00298983-00299110 they brought the whole amount that they
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01482-00299111-00299303 could they would increase they would not
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01483-00299304-00299495 increase their flexibility in any way
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01484-00299496-00299654 and just expose themselves to much
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01485-00299655-00299991 higher risks in fact that's what we saw
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01486-00299992-00300230 but i think that if we understood
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01487-00300231-00300430 how difficult it is you know in standard
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01488-00300431-00300630 economics we think that people would
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01489-00300631-00300806 pursue their best interest
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01490-00300807-00300927 but people would pursue their best
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01491-00300928-00301110 interest if they know what it is that
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01492-00301111-00301263 they're trying to pursue
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01493-00301264-00301439 and if it's too hard to compute how are
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01494-00301440-00301599 they going to do it
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01495-00301600-00301806 now imagine for example that instead of
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01496-00301807-00301975 giving people a mortgage calculator they
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01497-00301976-00302110 told them what's the maximum they could
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01498-00302111-00302279 borrow we would give them a mortgage
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01499-00302280-00302482 calculator how much they should be
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01500-00302483-00302703 borrowing nobody wants to have have
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01501-00302704-00302919 their house foreclosed but at the same
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01502-00302920-00303127 time we have to give people tool to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01503-00303128-00303319 figure out how they how they deal with
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01504-00303320-00303503 this
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01505-00303504-00303615 um
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01506-00303616-00303958 okay let me tell you a last thing is
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01507-00303959-00304351 we do experiments all the time
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01508-00304352-00304503 if you want to register to participate
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01509-00304504-00304615 in some
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01510-00304616-00304775 experiments and have your rationality be
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01511-00304776-00305003 tested you're very welcome it's
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01512-00305004-00305230 predictablyrational.com and i want to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01513-00305231-00306127 end by doing a little study with you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01514-00306128-00306654 can you help me open the box
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01515-00306655-00306854 so i'm going to give i have a few books
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01516-00306855-00306999 i'm going to give to some of you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01517-00307000-00307534 congratulations
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01518-00307535-00307743 congratulations can i win i promise i'll
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01519-00307744-00307910 read it there's no there's no promising
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01520-00307911-00309606 you just you just caused the whole line
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01521-00309607-00309760 i have to give you one of course
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01522-00309761-00310071 [Laughter]
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01523-00310072-00310215 thank you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01524-00310216-00310582 congratulations
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01525-00310583-00310727 you want to give up a few why don't you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01526-00310728-00310927 go ahead
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01527-00310928-00311072 not random it's planned
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01528-00311073-00311997 [Laughter]
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01529-00311998-00312279 [Laughter]
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01530-00312280-00312679 the cruel
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01531-00312680-00313095 okay
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01532-00313096-00314823 okay
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01533-00314824-00315095 congratulations
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01534-00315096-00315327 okay
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01535-00315328-00315599 okay so now now here is what i want you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01536-00315600-00315775 to do
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01537-00315776-00315895 there's there's a few people in the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01538-00315896-00316215 audience who have a new fantastic book
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01539-00316216-00316479 that i particularly like
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01540-00316480-00316615 and the quite a few of you who don't
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01541-00316616-00316743 have it
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01542-00316744-00316895 and and what i would like you to do is
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01543-00316896-00317054 to to think about how
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01544-00317055-00317239 how valuable is this book so imagine
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01545-00317240-00317423 that the people who own who owned the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01546-00317424-00317575 book i would ask you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01547-00317576-00317710 how much money
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01548-00317711-00317903 would you be willing to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01549-00317904-00318039 would you charge what's the minimum
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01550-00318040-00318239 amount you would charge to give away
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01551-00318240-00318430 your book right you have you have this
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01552-00318431-00318615 beautiful blue and orange book how much
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01553-00318616-00318854 money would you demand to to part with
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01554-00318855-00318943 that
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01555-00318944-00319087 and imagine i asked the people who don't
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01556-00319088-00319182 have
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01557-00319183-00319287 the book
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01558-00319288-00319487 how much money would you be willing to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01559-00319488-00319630 spend
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01560-00319631-00319943 to get such such a book
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01561-00319944-00320079 think about the number for a second just
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01562-00320080-00320271 think about the dollar number for
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01563-00320272-00320391 people who own the book how much you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01564-00320392-00320543 would need to be compensated people who
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01565-00320544-00320654 don't
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01566-00320655-00320782 have the book how much you would be
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01567-00320783-00321079 willing to pay
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01568-00321080-00321295 okay assuming everybody has a number the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01569-00321296-00321495 people who don't own
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01570-00321496-00321599 the book
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01571-00321600-00321910 how many of you would be willing to pay
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01572-00321911-00322582 less than two dollars to get this book
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01573-00322583-00322879 i'm going home
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01574-00322880-00323079 okay
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01575-00323080-00323334 you okay so
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01576-00323335-00323503 listen i shouldn't have never died i
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01577-00323504-00323679 should have said a hundred to stockholm
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01578-00323680-00323934 okay now the people who who have the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01579-00323935-00324047 book
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01580-00324048-00324223 how many of you are willing to part with
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01581-00324224-00324327 it
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01582-00324328-00324575 for two dollars
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01583-00324576-00324758 now here's that's the basic story the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01584-00324759-00324951 basic story is the moment we give are
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01585-00324952-00325319 you willing to it's you don't have one
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01586-00325320-00325510 give me a second
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01587-00325511-00325727 the basic story is the following the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01588-00325728-00325999 moment we give somebody something they
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01589-00326000-00326215 start evaluating more they start
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01590-00326216-00326382 thinking about it as more is more
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01591-00326383-00326543 vibrant i gave it randomly it's not as
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01592-00326544-00326710 if i saw the craving in your eyes and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01593-00326711-00326903 gave it to the people who who wanted it
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01594-00326904-00327039 more
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01595-00327040-00327239 but the moment you own something you
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01596-00327240-00327382 think differently on it and this is why
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01597-00327383-00327534 the people who own
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01598-00327535-00327682 these books think they're wonderful and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01599-00327683-00327887 fantastic and the people who don't just
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01600-00327888-00328175 don't see the particular uh attraction
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01601-00328176-00328415 in this by the way we just did a study
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01602-00328416-00328543 on on
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01603-00328544-00328743 the idea called not invented here i
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01604-00328744-00329006 don't know if you know this phrase that
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01605-00329007-00329151 so we took a group of people in the new
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01606-00329152-00329263 york times
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01607-00329264-00329527 and and we asked them to evaluate ideas
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01608-00329528-00329727 so these were kind of ideas to solve
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01609-00329728-00329878 world problem
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01610-00329879-00330087 ideas to solve hunger to solve water
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01611-00330088-00330287 problems and so on and sometimes they
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01612-00330288-00330487 evaluate an idea of a weak kind of a
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01613-00330488-00330743 one-line idea and sometimes we gave them
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01614-00330744-00330951 50 words and we asked them to generate
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01615-00330952-00331199 an idea first and then evaluate it but
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01616-00331200-00331375 we doctored the words such that we knew
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01617-00331376-00331487 what they were going to generate they
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01618-00331488-00331671 were going to generate the same idea
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01619-00331672-00331919 that the other people just got
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01620-00331920-00332063 it turns out when people generate the
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01621-00332064-00332182 idea they thought they were wonderful
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01622-00332183-00332327 they're willing to donate more money to
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01623-00332328-00332599 the cause they're willing to work harder
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01624-00332600-00332767 and the point is that
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01625-00332768-00332991 there is something kind of special
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01626-00332992-00333199 about everything that is ours we are
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01627-00333200-00333415 special of course we're all special and
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01628-00333416-00333575 the moment something is ours either
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01629-00333576-00333830 given to us our own ideas we overvalue
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01630-00333831-00334015 it and like many of these things in
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01631-00334016-00334151 behavioral economics not only do we
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01632-00334152-00334391 overvalue it but we don't understand how
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01633-00334392-00334551 much we will overvalue it the moment it
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01634-00334552-00334678 will become
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01635-00334679-00334863 become ours
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01636-00334864-00335151 okay so thank you very much
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01637-00335152-00335988 [Applause]
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01638-00335989-00336021 [Music]
+Yomv-Zn0_Fu-01639-00336022-00336373 [Applause]
+Y0vmbEFiKfA-00000-00000289-00000599 Bill I just have one question for you
+Y0vmbEFiKfA-00001-00000600-00000857 what is it Ted what color is an orange
+Y0vmbEFiKfA-00002-00000858-00001127 Ted you bonehead its color is the same
+Y0vmbEFiKfA-00003-00001128-00001534 as its name just like a lemon
+Y0vmbEFiKfA-00004-00001535-00002403 [Music]
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00000-00000056-00000338 Eretria listen officially the state of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00001-00000339-00000522 Eretria as a country in the Horn of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00002-00000523-00000819 Africa with its capital at oz Mara it is
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00003-00000819-00001065 bordered by Sudan in the West Ethiopia
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00004-00001066-00001227 in the south and Djibouti in the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00005-00001228-00001467 southeast the northeastern and eastern
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00006-00001468-00001676 parts of Eritrea have an extensive
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00007-00001677-00001967 coastline along the Red Sea the nation
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00008-00001968-00002289 has a total area of approximately 117
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00009-00002290-00002588 thousand six hundred square kilometers
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00010-00002589-00002873 45406 square miles and includes the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00011-00002874-00003071 dalek archipelago and several of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00012-00003072-00003365 Hanish islands its toponym Eritrea is
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00013-00003367-00003554 based on the Greek name for the Red Sea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00014-00003555-00003783 erythro Thalassa erythritol Lhasa
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00015-00003784-00003972 which was first adopted for Italian
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00016-00003972-00004304 Eritrea in 1890 Eritrea is a
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00017-00004305-00004479 multi-ethnic country with nine
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00018-00004480-00004659 recognized ethnic groups in its
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00019-00004660-00004934 population of around five million most
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00020-00004935-00005120 residents speak languages from the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00021-00005121-00005316 afro-asiatic family either of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00022-00005317-00005538 Ethiopian Semitic languages or Kishida
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00023-00005539-00005813 crunches among these communities the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00024-00005814-00006054 Tigrinya is make up about 55 percent of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00025-00006055-00006236 the population with the Tigre people
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00026-00006237-00006425 constituting around 30 percent of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00027-00006426-00006672 inhabitants in addition there are a
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00028-00006673-00006909 number of nilo-saharan speaking my logic
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00029-00006909-00007191 ethnic minorities most people in the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00030-00007192-00007404 territory adhere to Christianity or
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00031-00007405-00007638 Islam the kingdom of Aksum covering much
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00032-00007639-00007836 of modern-day Eritrea and northern
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00033-00007837-00008058 Ethiopia was established during the 1st
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00034-00008059-00008349 or 2nd centuries ad it adopted
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00035-00008350-00008520 Christianity around the middle of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00036-00008521-00008793 4th century in medieval times much of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00037-00008794-00008973 Eritrea fell under the meddra barri
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00038-00008974-00009186 Kingdom with a smaller region being part
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00039-00009187-00009480 of Hamas en the creation of modern-day
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00040-00009481-00009723 Eritrea as a result of the incorporation
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00041-00009724-00009927 of independent distinct kingdoms and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00042-00009928-00010161 Sultanate s' for example meddra Bari and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00043-00010162-00010341 the Sultanate of ASSA eventually
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00044-00010342-00010533 resulting in the formation of Italian
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00045-00010534-00010821 Eritrea after the defeat of the Italian
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00046-00010822-00011121 colonial army in 1942 Eritrea was
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00047-00011122-00011285 administered by the British military
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00048-00011286-00011655 administration until 1952 following the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00049-00011656-00011937 UN General Assembly decision in 1952
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00050-00011938-00012192 Eritrea would govern itself with a local
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00051-00012193-00012375 aerotrain Parliament but for Foreign
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00052-00012376-00012555 Affairs and defence it would enter into
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00053-00012556-00012759 a federal status with Ethiopia for a
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00054-00012760-00012896 period of 10 years
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00055-00012897-00013224 however in 1962 the government of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00056-00013225-00013440 Ethiopia annulled the aerotrain
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00057-00013441-00013707 and formally annexed Eritrea but the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00058-00013708-00013896 eretrians that argued for complete
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00059-00013897-00014103 aerotrain independence since the ouster
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00060-00014104-00014418 of the italians in 1941 anticipated what
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00061-00014419-00014663 was coming and in 1960 organized the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00062-00014665-00014859 aerotrain Liberation Front in opposition
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00063-00014860-00015255 in 1991 after 30 years of continuous
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00064-00015256-00015441 armed struggle for independence the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00065-00015441-00015638 aerotrain liberation fighters entered
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00066-00015640-00015932 the capital city s Mara in victory
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00067-00015933-00016188 Eritrea as a one-party state in which
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00068-00016188-00016389 national legislative elections have
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00069-00016390-00016580 never been held since independence
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00070-00016581-00016809 according to Human Rights Watch the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00071-00016810-00016980 aerotrain government's human rights
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00072-00016981-00017147 record is among the worst in the world
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00073-00017148-00017421 the aerotrain government has dismissed
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00074-00017422-00017592 these allegations as politically
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00075-00017593-00017781 motivated the compulsory military
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00076-00017782-00018021 service requires long indefinite
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00077-00018022-00018189 conscription periods which some
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00078-00018190-00018380 eretrians leave the country to avoid
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00079-00018381-00018636 because all local media is state-owned
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00080-00018637-00018846 Eritrea was also ranked as having the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00081-00018847-00019053 second least press freedom in the global
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00082-00019054-00019260 Press Freedom Index behind only North
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00083-00019261-00019581 Korea the sovereign state of Eritrea is
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00084-00019582-00019800 a member of the African Union the United
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00085-00019801-00019971 Nations and the Intergovernmental
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00086-00019972-00020144 authority on development and as an
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00087-00020145-00020301 observer in the Arab League alongside
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00088-00020302-00020868 Brazil Venezuela India and Turkey
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00089-00020869-00021354 topic name
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00090-00021355-00021585 during the Middle Ages the Eritrea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00091-00021586-00022000 region was known as meddra Bari Sealand
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00092-00022001-00022219 the name Eritrea is derived from the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00093-00022220-00022389 ancient Greek name for the Red Sea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00094-00022390-00022639 erythro Thalassa erythritol lhasa based
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00095-00022640-00022960 on the adjectives erythro saris red it
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00096-00022961-00023233 was first formally adopted in 1890 with
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00097-00023234-00023478 the formation of Italian Eritrea Colonia
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00098-00023479-00023800 Eritrea the territory became the Eritrea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00099-00023801-00024013 governor it with an Italian East Africa
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00100-00024014-00024385 in 1936 after the defeat of the Italian
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00101-00024386-00024694 colonial army in Eritrea in 1942 by the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00102-00024695-00024889 British Army Eritrea was under the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00103-00024890-00025044 Protectorate of the British military
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00104-00025045-00025222 administration while the fate of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00105-00025223-00025402 former colonies of Italy was being
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00106-00025403-00025764 debated at the UN in 1952 the UN adopted
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00107-00025766-00026011 that Eritrea would be self-governing for
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00108-00026012-00026181 domestic affairs through an elected
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00109-00026182-00026383 aerotrain Parliament while Trade Foreign
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00110-00026383-00026568 Affairs and defence would be handled in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00111-00026569-00026749 a federal status with the government of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00112-00026750-00027130 Ethiopia but in 1962 after a series of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00113-00027131-00027345 political machinations the government of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00114-00027347-00027505 Ethiopia annulled the aerotrain
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00115-00027506-00027730 Parliament and annexed Eritrea as one of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00116-00027731-00027976 the provinces of Ethiopia but the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00117-00027977-00028146 Eritrean people that had fought for
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00118-00028147-00028300 independence since the defeat of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00119-00028301-00028531 Italian colonial army was removed never
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00120-00028532-00028671 doubted what the designs of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00121-00028672-00028951 Ethiopian government were therefore in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00122-00028952-00029158 1960 they formed the aerotrain
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00123-00029158-00029412 Liberation Front and after 30 years of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00124-00029413-00029626 armed struggle Eritrea gained its de
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00125-00029627-00029974 facto independence in 1991 and following
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00126-00029975-00030223 the 1993 referendum and the name of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00127-00030224-00030387 new state was defined as state of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00128-00030388-00030950 Eritrea in the 1997 Constitution
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00129-00030951-00031454 topic history
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00130-00031455-00031943 topic prehistory
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00131-00031944-00032204 at booyah in Eritrea one of the oldest
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00132-00032205-00032402 hominids representing a possible link
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00133-00032402-00032642 between Homo erectus and an archaic homo
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00134-00032643-00032896 sapiens was found by Italian scientists
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00135-00032897-00033170 dated to over 1 million year old it is
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00136-00033171-00033398 the oldest skeletal find of its kind and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00137-00033399-00033584 provides a link between hominids and the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00138-00033585-00033869 earliest anatomically modern humans it
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00139-00033870-00034025 is believed that the section of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00140-00034026-00034220 Donna keel depression in Eritrea was
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00141-00034221-00034430 also a major player in terms of human
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00142-00034431-00034625 evolution and may contain other traces
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00143-00034626-00034862 of evolution from Homo erectus hominids
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00144-00034863-00035183 to anatomically modern humans during the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00145-00035184-00035390 last interglacial period the red sea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00146-00035391-00035627 coast of Eritrea was occupied by early
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00147-00035628-00035873 anatomically modern humans it is
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00148-00035874-00036056 believed that the area was on the route
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00149-00036057-00036245 Out of Africa that some scholars suggest
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00150-00036246-00036503 was used by early humans to colonize the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00151-00036504-00036617 rest of the old world
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00152-00036618-00036983 in 1999 the Eritrean research project
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00153-00036984-00037193 team composed of Eritrean Canadian
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00154-00037194-00037439 American Dutch and French scientists
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00155-00037440-00037652 discovered a Paleolithic site with stone
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00156-00037653-00038015 and obsidian tools dated to over 125,000
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00157-00038016-00038210 years old near the Bay of Zula south of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00158-00038211-00038480 Misawa along the Red Sea littoral the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00159-00038481-00038642 tools are believed to have been used by
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00160-00038643-00038876 early humans to harvest marine resources
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00161-00038877-00039107 such as clams and oysters according to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00162-00039108-00039278 linguists the first afro-asiatic
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00163-00039279-00039500 speaking populations arrived in the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00164-00039501-00039689 region during the ensuing Neolithic era
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00165-00039690-00039881 from the families proposed or himat
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00166-00039882-00040151 original homeland in the Nile Valley
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00167-00040152-00040376 other scholars proposed that the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00168-00040377-00040661 afro-asiatic family developed in situ in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00169-00040662-00040865 the horn with its speakers subsequently
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00170-00040866-00041337 dispersing from there
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00171-00041338-00041739 antiquity
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00172-00041740-00042171 topic punt
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00173-00042172-00042474 together with Djibouti Ethiopia northern
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00174-00042475-00042699 Somalia and the Red Sea coast of Sudan
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00175-00042700-00042909 Eritrea is considered the most likely
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00176-00042910-00043107 location of the land which the ancient
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00177-00043108-00043305 Egyptians called punt first mentioned in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00178-00043306-00043623 the 25th century BC the ancient punt
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00179-00043624-00043821 i'ts had close relations with ancient
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00180-00043822-00044019 Egypt during the rule of Pharaoh suhoor
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00181-00044020-00044316 and queen hatshepsut this is confirmed
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00182-00044317-00044535 by genetic studies of mummified baboons
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00183-00044536-00044856 in 2010 a study was conducted on baboon
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00184-00044857-00045015 mummies that were brought from punt to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00185-00045016-00045177 Egypt as gifts by the ancient Egyptians
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00186-00045178-00045492 the scientists from the Egyptian Museum
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00187-00045493-00045705 in the university of california used
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00188-00045706-00045969 oxygen isotope analysis to examine hairs
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00189-00045970-00046152 from - baboon mummies that had been
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00190-00046153-00046407 preserved in the British Museum one of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00191-00046408-00046641 the baboons had distorted isotopic data
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00192-00046642-00046881 so the others oxygen isotope values were
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00193-00046882-00047079 compared to those of present-day baboon
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00194-00047080-00047355 specimens from regions of interest the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00195-00047356-00047526 researchers initially found that the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00196-00047527-00047709 mummies most closely matched modern
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00197-00047710-00047925 baboon specimens in Eritrea and Ethiopia
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00198-00047926-00048174 which suggested that punt was likely a
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00199-00048175-00048351 narrow region that included eastern
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00200-00048352-00048717 ethiopia and all of Eritrea in 2015
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00201-00048718-00048909 isotopic analysis of other ancient
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00202-00048910-00049137 baboon mummies from punt confirmed that
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00203-00049138-00049344 the specimens likely originated from an
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00204-00049345-00049529 area encompassing the Eritrea Ethiopia
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00205-00049530-00049989 corridor in eastern Somalia
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00206-00049990-00050501 topic owned a culture
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00207-00050502-00050742 excavations at semble found evidence of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00208-00050743-00050973 an ancient preoccupied civilization in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00209-00050974-00051066 Greater Oz Mara
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00210-00051067-00051327 this ona urban culture is believed to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00211-00051328-00051498 have been among the earliest pastoral
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00212-00051499-00051696 and agricultural communities in the Horn
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00213-00051697-00051945 region artifacts at the site have been
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00214-00051946-00052275 dated to between 800 BC and 400 BC
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00215-00052276-00052500 contemporaneous with other preoccupied
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00216-00052501-00052655 settlements in the Eritrean and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00217-00052657-00052863 Ethiopian highlands during the mid 1st
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00218-00052864-00053082 millennium BC additionally the ona
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00219-00053083-00053247 culture may have had connections with
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00220-00053248-00053379 the ancient land of Punt
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00221-00053379-00053673 in a tomb in Thebes luxor dated to the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00222-00053674-00053910 18th dynasty reign of Pharaoh amino fish
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00223-00053911-00054216 to amenhotep ii long necked pots similar
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00224-00054216-00054345 to those that were made by the ona
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00225-00054346-00054552 people are depicted as part of the cargo
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00226-00054553-00054960 in a ship from punt
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00227-00054961-00055406 topic - group
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00228-00055407-00055629 excavations in and near a gourd at in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00229-00055630-00055840 central Eritrea yielded the remains of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00230-00055841-00056062 an ancient preoccupied civilization
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00231-00056063-00056325 known as the gash group ceramics were
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00232-00056326-00056512 discovered that were related to those of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00233-00056513-00056742 the C group to mebu pastoral culture
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00234-00056744-00056943 which inhabited the Nile Valley between
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00235-00056944-00057381 to 500 one 500 BC some sources dating
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00236-00057382-00057736 back to 3500 BC shards akin to those of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00237-00057737-00057924 the kurma culture another community that
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00238-00057925-00058116 flourished in the Nile Valley around the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00239-00058117-00058303 same period were also found at other
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00240-00058304-00058530 local archaeological sites in the barca
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00241-00058531-00058718 Valley belonging to the gash group
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00242-00058719-00059062 according to Peter Behrens 1981 and Mary
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00243-00059063-00059307 Ann becouse cursed 2000 linguistic
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00244-00059308-00059515 evidence indicates that the C group and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00245-00059516-00059674 kurma people spoke afro-asiatic
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00246-00059675-00059884 languages of the Berber and Kishida
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00247-00059885-00060278 crunches respectively
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00248-00060279-00060778 topic kingdom of deep
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00249-00060779-00060997 demount was a kingdom that encompassed
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00250-00060998-00061183 most of Eritrea in the northern frontier
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00251-00061184-00061489 of Ethiopia the polity existed during
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00252-00061490-00061767 the 10th to 5th centuries BC given the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00253-00061769-00061978 presence of a massive temple complex at
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00254-00061979-00062170 yaja this area was most likely the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00255-00062171-00062452 kingdom's capital cojito often
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00256-00062453-00062653 identified as the town of Colo in the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00257-00062654-00062863 periplus of the erythraean sea as well
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00258-00062864-00063091 as matara were important ancient demount
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00259-00063091-00063394 kingdom cities in southern area the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00260-00063395-00063619 realm developed irrigation schemes used
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00261-00063620-00063841 plows grew millet and made iron tools
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00262-00063841-00064138 and weapons after the fall of demount in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00263-00064139-00064372 the 5th century BC the plateau came to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00264-00064373-00064554 be dominated by smaller successor
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00265-00064555-00064830 kingdoms this lasted until the rise of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00266-00064832-00065004 one of these polities during the 1st
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00267-00065005-00065221 century the kingdom of Aksum which was
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00268-00065222-00065603 able to reunite the area
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00269-00065604-00066093 topic kingdom of Aksum
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00270-00066094-00066318 the kingdom of Aksum was a trading
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00271-00066319-00066537 empire centered in Eritrea and northern
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00272-00066538-00066806 Ethiopia it existed from approximately
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00273-00066807-00067164 100 to 940 ad growing from the pro' to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00274-00067165-00067377 Aqsa might iron age period around the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00275-00067378-00067626 4th century BC to achieve prominence by
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00276-00067627-00067935 the 1st century AD according to the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00277-00067936-00068154 medieval library ax ax my book of Aksum
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00278-00068155-00068409 Exum's first capital masa bir was built
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00279-00068410-00068724 by ideo piss son of cush the capital was
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00280-00068725-00068886 later moved to Aksum in northern
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00281-00068887-00069119 ethiopia the kingdom used the name
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00282-00069120-00069465 ethiopia as early as the 4th century the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00283-00069466-00069648 Aqsa meit's erected a number of large
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00284-00069649-00069858 stelae which served a religious purpose
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00285-00069859-00070110 in pre-christian times one of these
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00286-00070111-00070344 granite columns the obelisk of Aksum is
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00287-00070345-00070536 the largest such structure in the world
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00288-00070537-00070893 standing at 90 feet 27 metres under
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00289-00070894-00071295 azaña florida 320 to 360 Aksum later
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00290-00071296-00071586 adopted Christianity in the 7th century
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00291-00071587-00071826 early Muslims from Mecca at least
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00292-00071827-00072066 companions of the Islamic Nabi Arabic
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00293-00072067-00072324 mob by Prophet Mohammed sought refuge
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00294-00072325-00072573 from Kureishi persecution by travelling
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00295-00072574-00072726 to the kingdom a journey known in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00296-00072727-00073011 Islamic history as the first Hydra they
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00297-00073012-00073200 reportedly built the first African
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00298-00073201-00073335 mosque that is the mosque of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00299-00073336-00073548 Companions misawa the Kingdom is
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00300-00073549-00073689 mentioned in the periplus of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00301-00073690-00073866 erythraean sea as an important
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00302-00073867-00074100 marketplace for ivory which was exported
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00303-00074101-00074228 throughout the ancient world
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00304-00074229-00074472 Aksum was at the time ruled by Zeus
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00305-00074473-00074673 galleys who also governed the port of a
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00306-00074674-00074991 dulles the Aqsa might rulers facilitated
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00307-00074992-00075165 trade by mending their own Aqsa might
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00308-00075166-00075423 currency the state also established its
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00309-00075424-00075624 hegemony over the declining kingdom of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00310-00075625-00075840 cush and regularly entered the politics
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00311-00075841-00076007 of the kingdoms on the Arabian Peninsula
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00312-00076008-00076242 eventually extending its rule over the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00313-00076243-00076401 region with the conquest of the Hemi
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00314-00076402-00076659 Reich kingdom the country is also the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00315-00076660-00076839 alleged resting place of the Ark of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00316-00076840-00077022 Covenant and the purported home of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00317-00077023-00077368 Queen of Sheba
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00318-00077369-00077868 topic Middle Ages
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00319-00077869-00078353 topic meddra Bari
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00320-00078354-00078605 after the decline of Aksum the aerotrain
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00321-00078606-00078785 highlands were under the domain of bar
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00322-00078786-00079085 nagesh ruled by the bar Negus the area
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00323-00079086-00079304 was then known as michael a bar between
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00324-00079305-00079631 the seas rivers ie the land between the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00325-00079632-00079910 Red Sea and the Mareb River it was later
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00326-00079911-00080113 renamed under Emperor's our Yaqoob as
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00327-00080114-00080324 the domain of the bar nagesh the meddra
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00328-00080325-00080656 bari sea land in tin grinya although it
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00329-00080657-00080855 included some areas like shire on the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00330-00080856-00080974 other side of the Mara
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00331-00080975-00081272 today in Ethiopia with its capital at de
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00332-00081273-00081469 bharwa the state's main provinces were
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00333-00081470-00081832 Hamas Ian Sri and AK la goos AI Turks
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00334-00081833-00082046 briefly occupied the Highland parts of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00335-00082047-00082334 Bihar nagesh in 1559 and withdrew after
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00336-00082335-00082501 they encountered resistance and were
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00337-00082502-00082673 pushed back by the bar nagesh and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00338-00082674-00082774 Highland forces
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00339-00082775-00083119 in 1578 they tried to expand into the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00340-00083120-00083293 highlands with the help of bar nagashi
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00341-00083294-00083516 ISA hack who had switched alliances due
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00342-00083517-00083800 to power struggle and by 1589 once again
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00343-00083801-00083942 they were apparently compelled to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00344-00083943-00084187 withdraw their forces to the coast after
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00345-00084188-00084394 that ottomans abandoned their ambitions
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00346-00084395-00084599 to establish themselves on the highlands
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00347-00084600-00084767 and remained in the lowlands until they
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00348-00084768-00085043 left the region by 1872 the Scottish
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00349-00085044-00085349 traveller James Bruce reported in 1770
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00350-00085350-00085519 that meddra Bari was a distinct
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00351-00085520-00085738 political entity from Abyssinia noting
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00352-00085739-00085918 that the two territories were frequently
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00353-00085919-00086275 in conflict the barn Agassi kings of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00354-00086276-00086540 sea alternately thought with or against
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00355-00086541-00086693 the Abyssinians and the neighbouring
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00356-00086694-00086903 muslim adal sultanate depending on the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00357-00086904-00087215 geopolitical circumstances meddra bari
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00358-00087216-00087362 was thus part of the christian
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00359-00087363-00087562 resistance against a mom ahmad even
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00360-00087563-00087818 ibrahim al-ghazi of a doll's forces but
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00361-00087819-00088006 later joined the analyte states in the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00362-00088007-00088213 Ottoman Empire front against Abyssinia
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00363-00088214-00088637 in 1572 that 16th century also marked
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00364-00088638-00088772 the arrival of the ottomans
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00365-00088773-00088963 who began making inroads in the red sea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00366-00088964-00089192 area James Bruce in his book published
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00367-00089193-00089465 in 1805 reported hadami the seat of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00368-00089466-00089648 Behar Onaga she was part of the Tygra
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00369-00089649-00089849 province of Abyssinia which was ruled by
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00370-00089850-00090043 Ross Michael Seville at the time of his
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00371-00090044-00090319 travel the officer in ha da we watched
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00372-00090320-00090526 over the Navy of Misawa province of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00373-00090527-00090740 Turks habash Island and starved him into
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00374-00090741-00090962 obedience by intercepting his provisions
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00375-00090963-00091156 whenever the officer in ha da we and the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00376-00091157-00091360 governor of Thai gray found it necessary
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00377-00091361-00091669 Bruce also located Tai gray between Red
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00378-00091670-00091742 Sea and the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00379-00091743-00091940 to kaze and stated many large
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00380-00091941-00092135 governments such as end erta and aunt
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00381-00092136-00092345 Ella and the great part of Bihar hoggish
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00382-00092346-00092510 were on the eastern side of Tygra
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00383-00092511-00092811 province
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00384-00092812-00093300 topic ASSA sultanate
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00385-00093301-00093549 at the end of the sixteenth century the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00386-00093550-00093741 AUSA Sultanate was established in the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00387-00093742-00094029 dankel lowlands of Eritrea the polity
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00388-00094030-00094332 had come into existence in 1577 when
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00389-00094333-00094599 Muhammad jasa moved his capital from her
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00390-00094600-00094809 art to ASSA heceta with the split of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00391-00094810-00094989 adal sultanate into ASSA and the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00392-00094990-00095261 Sultanate of har are at some point after
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00393-00095262-00095580 1672 ASSA declined in conjunction with a
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00394-00095581-00095802 mom who marred in Ben Adams recorded
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00395-00095803-00096180 ascension to the throne in 1734 the afar
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00396-00096181-00096402 leader Kadafi head of the mood ida clan
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00397-00096403-00096603 seized power and established the mood
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00398-00096604-00096870 ida dynasty this marked the start of a
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00399-00096871-00097056 new and more sophisticated polity that
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00400-00097057-00097563 would last into the colonial period
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00401-00097564-00097978 topic habash islet
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00402-00097979-00098308 by 1517 the Ottomans had succeeded in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00403-00098309-00098602 conquering meddra Bari they occupied all
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00404-00098603-00098836 of northeastern present-day Eritrea for
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00405-00098837-00099022 the next two decades an area which
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00406-00099023-00099247 stretched from Misawa to Suakin in Sudan
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00407-00099248-00099469 the territory became an ottoman governor
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00408-00099470-00099696 at Island known as the Habash Island
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00409-00099697-00099958 Misawa served as the new provinces first
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00410-00099959-00100165 capital when the city became of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00411-00100166-00100381 secondary economical importance the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00412-00100382-00100567 administrative capital was soon moved
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00413-00100568-00100798 across the Red Sea to Jeddah its
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00414-00100799-00100969 headquarters remained there from the end
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00415-00100970-00101164 of the sixteenth century to the early
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00416-00101165-00101389 19th century with Medina temporarily
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00417-00101390-00101581 serving as the capital in the 18th
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00418-00101582-00101749 century the ottomans were eventually
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00419-00101750-00101938 driven out in the last quarter of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00420-00101939-00102226 sixteenth century however they retained
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00421-00102227-00102403 control over the seaboard until the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00422-00102404-00102625 establishment of Italian Eritrea in the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00423-00102626-00103064 late 1800s
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00424-00103065-00103525 topic modern history
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00425-00103526-00104042 topic Italian Eritrea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00426-00104043-00104237 the boundaries of the present day
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00427-00104238-00104444 Eritrean nation-state were established
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00428-00104445-00104777 during the Scramble for Africa in 1869
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00429-00104778-00105059 or 1870 the ruling Sultan of Rea Haida
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00430-00105060-00105273 sold land surrounding the Bay of Assam
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00431-00105274-00105531 to the ROO batino shipping company the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00432-00105532-00105744 area served as a coaling station along
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00433-00105745-00105899 the shipping lanes introduced by the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00434-00105900-00106197 recently completed Suez Canal it had
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00435-00106198-00106368 long been part of the Ottoman Habash
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00436-00106369-00106625 islet centered in Egypt the first
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00437-00106626-00106901 Italian settlers arrived in 1880 in the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00438-00106902-00107153 vacuum that followed the 1889 death of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00439-00107154-00107370 Emperor Johannes the 4th General Oreste
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00440-00107371-00107576 Barret Erie occupied the Highlands along
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00441-00107577-00107783 the aerotrain coast and Italy proclaimed
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00442-00107784-00107970 the establishment of the new colony of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00443-00107971-00108207 Italian Eritrea a colony of the Kingdom
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00444-00108208-00108479 of Italy in the Treaty of what kale it
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00445-00108480-00108723 yuichi le signed the same year king
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00446-00108724-00108948 Menelik of shewa a southern Ethiopian
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00447-00108949-00109133 kingdom recognized the Italian
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00448-00109134-00109361 occupation of his rivals lands of bogo's
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00449-00109362-00109632 hamachi an accolade Guzzi and sarey in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00450-00109633-00109829 exchange for guarantees of financial
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00451-00109830-00110022 assistance and continuing access to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00452-00110023-00110264 European arms and ammunition his
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00453-00110265-00110486 subsequent victory over his rival kings
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00454-00110487-00110747 and enthronement as Emperor Menelik ii r
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00455-00110748-00111093 1889 to 1913 made the treaty formally
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00456-00111094-00111364 binding upon the entire territory in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00457-00111365-00111681 1888 the italian administration launched
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00458-00111682-00111870 its first development projects in the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00459-00111871-00112149 new colony the Eritrean railway was
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00460-00112150-00112407 completed to Saudi in 1888 and reached
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00461-00112408-00112733 oz Mara in the highlands in 1911 the oz
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00462-00112734-00112956 Mara Misawa cableway was the longest
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00463-00112957-00113133 line in the world during its time but
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00464-00113133-00113303 was later dismantled by the British in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00465-00113304-00113633 World War 2 besides major infrastructure
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00466-00113634-00113844 projects the colonial authorities
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00467-00113845-00114002 invested significantly in the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00468-00114003-00114297 agricultural sector it also oversaw the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00469-00114298-00114524 provision of urban amenities in oz Mara
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00470-00114525-00114758 and Misawa and employed many arid trains
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00471-00114759-00114969 in public service particularly in the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00472-00114970-00115181 police and public works departments
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00473-00115182-00115371 thousands of arid trains were
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00474-00115372-00115550 concurrently enlisted in the army
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00475-00115551-00115754 serving during the Italo Turkish war in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00476-00115755-00115988 Libya as well as the 1st and 2nd Italo
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00477-00115989-00116174 Abyssinian wars
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00478-00116175-00116399 additionally the Italian Eritrea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00479-00116400-00116591 administration opened a number of new
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00480-00116592-00116816 factories which produced buttons cooking
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00481-00116817-00117099 oil pasta construction materials packing
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00482-00117100-00117321 meat tobacco hide and other household
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00483-00117322-00117433 commodities
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00484-00117433-00117834 in 1939 there were around 2000 198
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00485-00117835-00118035 factories and most of the employees were
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00486-00118036-00118335 eritrane citizens the establishment of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00487-00118336-00118543 industries also made an increase in the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00488-00118544-00118750 number of both Italians and eretrians
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00489-00118751-00118996 residing in the cities the number of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00490-00118997-00119194 Italians residing in the territory
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00491-00119195-00119385 increased from four thousand six hundred
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00492-00119386-00119656 to 75 thousand in five years and with
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00493-00119657-00119826 the involvement of eretrians in the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00494-00119827-00120031 industries trade and fruit plantation
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00495-00120032-00120216 was expanded across the nation while
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00496-00120217-00120370 some of the plantations were owned by
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00497-00120371-00120700 eretrians in 1922 Benito Mussolini's
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00498-00120701-00120915 rise to power in Italy brought profound
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00499-00120916-00121101 changes to the colonial government in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00500-00121102-00121428 Italian Eritrea after ill duche declared
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00501-00121429-00121629 the birth of the Italian Empire in May
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00502-00121630-00121914 1936 Italian Eritrea enlarged with
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00503-00121915-00122163 northern Ethiopia's regions and Italian
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00504-00122164-00122344 Somaliland were merged with the just
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00505-00122345-00122529 conquered Ethiopia in the new Italian
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00506-00122530-00122797 East Africa Africa oriental italiana
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00507-00122798-00123094 administrative territory this fascist
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00508-00123095-00123303 period was characterized by imperial
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00509-00123304-00123538 expansion in the name of a new Roman
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00510-00123539-00123876 Empire Eritrea was chosen by the Italian
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00511-00123877-00124059 government to be the industrial center
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00512-00124060-00124270 of Italian East Africa awesome aras
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00513-00124271-00124531 architecture after 1935 was greatly
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00514-00124532-00124776 improved to become a modernist Art Deco
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00515-00124777-00125176 city in 2017 has been declared a UNESCO
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00516-00125177-00125502 World City heritage featuring eclectic
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00517-00125503-00125725 and rationalist built forms well-defined
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00518-00125726-00125910 open spaces and public and private
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00519-00125911-00126189 buildings including cinemas shops banks
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00520-00126190-00126435 religious structures public and private
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00521-00126436-00126646 offices industrial facilities and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00522-00126647-00126913 residences according to UNESCO spawns
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00523-00126914-00127213 the Italians designed more than 400
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00524-00127214-00127401 buildings in a construction boom that
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00525-00127402-00127594 was only halted by Italy's involvement
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00526-00127595-00127926 in ww2 these included art deco
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00527-00127927-00128127 masterpieces like the worldwide famous
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00528-00128128-00128368 Fiat taglieri building and the cinema in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00529-00128369-00128652 Peru
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00530-00128653-00129293 topic British administration through the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00531-00129294-00129546 1941 Battle of Karen the British
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00532-00129547-00129741 expelled the Italians and took over the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00533-00129742-00129908 administration of the country
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00534-00129909-00130206 the British placed Eritrea under British
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00535-00130207-00130416 military administration until Allied
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00536-00130417-00130707 forces could determine its fate in the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00537-00130708-00130893 absence of agreement amongst the Allies
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00538-00130894-00131127 concerning the status of Eritrea British
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00539-00131128-00131289 administration continued for the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00540-00131290-00131487 remainder of World War two and until
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00541-00131488-00131790 1950 during the immediate post-war years
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00542-00131791-00132033 the British proposed that Eritrea be
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00543-00132034-00132219 divided along religious lines and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00544-00132220-00132414 annexed to there Sudan and to Ethiopia
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00545-00132415-00132696 the Soviet Union anticipating a
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00546-00132697-00132900 communist victory in the Italian polls
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00547-00132901-00133146 initially supported returning Eritrea to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00548-00133147-00133623 Italy under trusteeship or as a colony
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00549-00133624-00134173 topic Federation with Ethiopia
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00550-00134174-00134470 in the 1950s the Ethiopian feudal
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00551-00134471-00134635 administration under emperor haile
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00552-00134636-00134857 selassie sought to annex Eritrea and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00553-00134858-00135163 Italian Somaliland he laid claim to both
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00554-00135164-00135379 territories in a letter to Franklin D
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00555-00135380-00135526 Roosevelt at the Paris Peace Conference
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00556-00135527-00135757 and at the first session of the United
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00557-00135758-00136060 Nations in the United Nations the debate
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00558-00136061-00136210 over the fate of the former Italian
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00559-00136211-00136479 colonies continued the British and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00560-00136480-00136654 Americans preferred to cede all of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00561-00136655-00136866 Eritrea except the western province to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00562-00136867-00137041 the Ethiopians as a reward for their
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00563-00137042-00137290 support during world war ii the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00564-00137291-00137506 independence block of aerotrain parties
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00565-00137507-00137698 consistently requested from the UN
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00566-00137699-00137902 General Assembly that a referendum be
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00567-00137903-00138082 held immediately to settle the aerotrain
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00568-00138083-00138366 question of sovereignty following the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00569-00138367-00138697 adoption of UN resolution 398 V in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00570-00138698-00139003 December 1950 Eritrea was federated with
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00571-00139004-00139168 Ethiopia under the prompting of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00572-00139169-00139453 United States the resolution called for
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00573-00139454-00139663 Eritrea and Ethiopia to be linked
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00574-00139664-00139831 through a loose federal structure under
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00575-00139832-00140089 the sovereignty of the Emperor Eritrea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00576-00140090-00140278 was to have its own administrative and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00577-00140279-00140488 judicial structure its own flag and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00578-00140489-00140668 control over its domestic affairs
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00579-00140669-00140902 including police local administration
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00580-00140903-00141169 and Taxation the federal government
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00581-00141170-00141373 which for all practical purposes was the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00582-00141374-00141565 existing Imperial government was to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00583-00141566-00141706 control foreign affairs including
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00584-00141707-00141931 commerce defense finance and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00585-00141932-00142219 transportation the resolution ignored
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00586-00142220-00142363 the wishes of arid trains for
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00587-00142364-00142519 independence but guaranteed the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00588-00142520-00142708 population democratic rights in a
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00589-00142709-00143061 measure of autonomy
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00590-00143062-00143538 topic independence
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00591-00143539-00143881 in 1958 a group of eretrians founded the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00592-00143882-00144137 Eritrean liberation movement Elm the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00593-00144138-00144345 organization mainly consisted of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00594-00144346-00144546 Eritrean students professionals and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00595-00144547-00144813 intellectuals it engaged in clandestine
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00596-00144814-00144994 political activities intended to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00597-00144995-00145179 cultivate resistance to the centralizing
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00598-00145180-00145428 policies of the Imperial Ethiopian State
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00599-00145429-00145776 on the 1st of September 1961 the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00600-00145777-00146013 aerotrain Liberation Front elf under the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00601-00146014-00146223 leadership of hamid idris owatta waged
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00602-00146224-00146481 an armed struggle for independence in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00603-00146482-00146829 1962 Emperor Haile Selassie unilaterally
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00604-00146830-00147012 dissolved the aerotrain Parliament and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00605-00147013-00147249 annexed the territory the ensuing
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00606-00147250-00147474 Eritrean war for independence went on
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00607-00147475-00147663 for thirty years against successive
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00608-00147664-00147933 Ethiopian governments until 1991 when
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00609-00147934-00148128 the aerotrain People's Liberation Front
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00610-00148129-00148425 ep LF a successor of the elf defeated
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00611-00148426-00148623 the Ethiopian forces in Eritrea and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00612-00148624-00148839 helped a coalition of Ethiopian rebel
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00613-00148840-00149037 forces take control of the Ethiopian
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00614-00149038-00149339 capital Addis Ababa after the liberation
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00615-00149340-00149547 Eritrea held a referendum on
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00616-00149548-00149829 independence between 23 and the 25th of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00617-00149830-00150051 April 1993 under international
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00618-00150052-00150282 supervision including the UN observer
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00619-00150283-00150465 mission to verify the referendum in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00620-00150466-00150856 Eritrea UN over2 result was ninety-nine
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00621-00150857-00151065 point eight three percent in favor with
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00622-00151066-00151191 a ninety eight point five percent
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00623-00151192-00151476 turnout the referendum was completed
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00624-00151477-00151686 under budget and was considered free and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00625-00151687-00151953 fair independence was declared on the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00626-00151954-00152293 27th of April the EPL F declared the new
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00627-00152294-00152499 nation of Eritrea the following month in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00628-00152500-00152907 February 1994 the EPL F renamed itself
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00629-00152908-00153090 the people's front for democracy and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00630-00153091-00153291 justice as part of its transformation
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00631-00153292-00153806 into Eritrea's ruling political party
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00632-00153807-00154334 topic geography
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00633-00154335-00154897 topic location and habitat
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00634-00154898-00155150 Eritrea is located in the Horn of Africa
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00635-00155151-00155396 in East Africa it is bordered to the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00636-00155397-00155633 northeast and east by the Red Sea Sudan
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00637-00155634-00155849 to the west Ethiopia to the south and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00638-00155850-00156146 Djibouti to the southeast Eritrea lies
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00639-00156147-00156398 between latitudes 12 degrees and 18
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00640-00156399-00156662 degrees north and longitudes 36 degrees
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00641-00156663-00157003 and 44 degrees east the country is
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00642-00157004-00157199 virtually bisected by a branch of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00643-00157200-00157481 East African Rift it has fertile lands
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00644-00157482-00157547 to the west
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00645-00157548-00157832 descending to desert in the east Eritrea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00646-00157833-00158026 at the southern end of the Red Sea is
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00647-00158027-00158266 the home of the fork in the rift the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00648-00158267-00158459 dalek archipelago and its fishing
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00649-00158460-00158648 grounds are situated off the sandy and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00650-00158649-00158981 arid coastline Eritrea can be split into
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00651-00158982-00159212 three ecoregions to the east of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00652-00159213-00159379 highlands are the hot arid coastal
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00653-00159380-00159545 plains stretching down to the southeast
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00654-00159546-00159824 of the country the cooler more fertile
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00655-00159825-00160039 Highlands reaching up to 3,000 metres
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00656-00160040-00160322 has a different habitat habitats here
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00657-00160323-00160552 vary from the subtropical rainforest at
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00658-00160553-00160736 filfil Sala Mona to the precipitous
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00659-00160737-00160895 cliffs and canyons of the southern
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00660-00160896-00161203 highlands the afar triangle or Donna
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00661-00161204-00161396 keel depression of Eritrea as the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00662-00161397-00161609 probable location of a triple Junction
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00663-00161610-00161795 where three tectonic plates are pulling
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00664-00161796-00162059 away from one another the highest point
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00665-00162060-00162344 of the country EMBA Sora is located in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00666-00162345-00162663 the center of Eritrea at 3,018 metres
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00667-00162664-00163039 9,900 2 feet above sea level the main
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00668-00163040-00163228 cities of the country are the capital
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00669-00163229-00163409 city of Awesome ara and the port town of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00670-00163410-00163625 a sub in the southeast as well as the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00671-00163626-00163826 towns of Misawa to the east the northern
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00672-00163827-00164018 town of Karon in the central town men
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00673-00164019-00164381 defero Eritrea is part of a 14 nation
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00674-00164382-00164551 constituency within the global
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00675-00164552-00164764 environment facility which partners with
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00676-00164765-00165023 international institutions civil society
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00677-00165024-00165221 organizations and the private sector to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00678-00165222-00165422 address global environmental issues
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00679-00165423-00165613 while supporting national sustainable
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00680-00165614-00165838 development initiatives local
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00681-00165839-00166073 variability in rainfall patterns and or
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00682-00166074-00166288 reduced precipitation is known to occur
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00683-00166289-00166477 which may precipitate soil erosion
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00684-00166478-00166733 floods droughts land degradation and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00685-00166734-00167128 desertification in 2006 Eritrea also
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00686-00167129-00167278 announced that it would become the first
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00687-00167279-00167471 country in the world to turn its entire
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00688-00167472-00167687 Coast into an environmentally protected
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00689-00167688-00168279 zone the 1347 kilometres 837 miles
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00690-00168280-00168689 line along with another 1946 kilometers
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00691-00168690-00168951 1209 miles of coast around it's more
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00692-00168952-00169173 than 350 islands will come under
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00693-00169174-00169560 governmental protection
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00694-00169561-00170069 topic wildlife
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00695-00170070-00170348 Eritrea has several species of mammals
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00696-00170349-00170654 in a rich avifauna of 560 species of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00697-00170655-00170876 birds Eritrea is home to an abundant
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00698-00170877-00171159 amount of big game species enforced
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00699-00171160-00171345 regulations have helped in steadily
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00700-00171346-00171473 increasing their numbers throughout
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00701-00171474-00171798 Eritrea mammals commonly seen today
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00702-00171799-00172013 include the Abyssinian hare African
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00703-00172014-00172250 Wildcat black-backed jackal African
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00704-00172251-00172502 golden wolf Genet ground squirrel pale
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00705-00172503-00172748 Fox some rings gazelle warthog
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00706-00172749-00173007 Dorcas gazelle are common on the coastal
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00707-00173008-00173334 plains and in gash barca lions are said
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00708-00173335-00173489 to inhabit the mountains of the gash
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00709-00173490-00173753 Barker region there is also a small
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00710-00173754-00173975 population of African bush elephants
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00711-00173976-00174175 that roam in some parts of the country
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00712-00174176-00174435 dik-diks can also be found in many areas
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00713-00174436-00174713 the endangered African wild ass can be
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00714-00174714-00174965 seen in Den Akali a region other local
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00715-00174966-00175173 wildlife include bush buck duikers
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00716-00175174-00175407 greater kudu klipspringer african
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00717-00175408-00175664 leopards Oryx and crocodiles the spotted
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00718-00175665-00175891 hyena is widespread and fairly common
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00719-00175892-00176285 between 1955 and 2001 there were no
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00720-00176286-00176489 reported sightings of elephant herds and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00721-00176490-00176600 they are thought to have fallen victim
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00722-00176601-00176900 to the war of independence in December
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00723-00176901-00177185 2001 a herd of about 30 including ten
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00724-00177186-00177377 juveniles was observed in the vicinity
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00725-00177378-00177650 of the gash River the elephant's seemed
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00726-00177651-00177783 to have formed a symbiotic relationship
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00727-00177784-00178032 with olive baboons with the baboons
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00728-00178033-00178197 using the water holes dug by the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00729-00178198-00178371 elephants while the elephant's use the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00730-00178372-00178550 treetop baboons as an early warning
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00731-00178551-00178833 system it is estimated that there are
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00732-00178834-00179106 around 100 African bush elephant left in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00733-00179107-00179295 Eritrea the most northerly of East
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00734-00179296-00179544 Africa's elephants the endangered
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00735-00179545-00179786 African wild dog like on pictus was
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00736-00179787-00180002 previously found in Eritrea but is now
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00737-00180003-00180161 deemed extirpated from the entire
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00738-00180162-00180485 country in gash barca deadly snakes like
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00739-00180486-00180771 saw-scaled Viper are common puff adder
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00740-00180772-00180941 and red spitting cobra are widespread
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00741-00180942-00181148 and can be found even in the highlands
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00742-00181149-00181454 in the coastal areas marine species that
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00743-00181455-00181688 are common include dolphin dugong whale
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00744-00181689-00181991 shark turtles Marlin swordfish and manta
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00745-00181992-00182319 ray
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00746-00182320-00182815 topic climate
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00747-00182816-00183064 the climate of Eritrea is shaped by its
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00748-00183065-00183277 diverse topographical features in its
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00749-00183278-00183501 location within the tropics the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00750-00183502-00183784 diversity in landscape and topography in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00751-00183785-00183971 the highlands and lowlands of Eritrea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00752-00183972-00184157 result in the diversity of climate
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00753-00184158-00184498 across the country the highlands have
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00754-00184499-00184639 temperate climate throughout out the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00755-00184640-00184878 year the climate of most lowland zones
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00756-00184879-00185236 is arid and semi-arid the distribution
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00757-00185237-00185471 of rainfall and vegetation types varies
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00758-00185472-00185815 markedly throughout the country arid
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00759-00185816-00186016 trained climate varies on the basis of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00760-00186017-00186237 seasonal and altitude '''l differences
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00761-00186238-00186477 based on variations in temperature
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00762-00186478-00186719 Eritrea can be broadly divided into
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00763-00186720-00186947 three major climate zones the temperate
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00764-00186948-00187145 zone subtropical climate zone and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00765-00187146-00187565 tropical climate zone
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00766-00187566-00188144 topic government and politics
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00767-00188145-00188375 the people's front for democracy and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00768-00188376-00188684 justice PF DJ is the only legal party in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00769-00188685-00188962 Eritrea other political groups are not
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00770-00188963-00189110 allowed to organize although the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00771-00189111-00189374 unimplemented constitution of 1997
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00772-00189375-00189533 provides for the existence of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00773-00189534-00189802 multi-party politics the National
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00774-00189803-00190109 Assembly has 150 seats national
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00775-00190110-00190264 elections have been periodically
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00776-00190265-00190453 scheduled and canceled none have ever
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00777-00190454-00190579 been held in the country
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00778-00190580-00190886 the President Isaias of forky has been
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00779-00190887-00191245 in office since independence in 1993 in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00780-00191246-00191587 1993 75 representatives were elected to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00781-00191588-00191768 the National Assembly the rest are
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00782-00191769-00192028 appointed as the report by the UN Human
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00783-00192029-00192304 Rights Council explained no national
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00784-00192305-00192524 elections have taken place since that
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00785-00192525-00192770 time and no presidential elections have
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00786-00192771-00193063 ever taken place local or regional
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00787-00193064-00193378 elections have not been held since 2003
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00788-00193379-00193777 2004 President Isaias affort Key has
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00789-00193778-00194014 regularly expressed his disdain for what
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00790-00194015-00194365 he refers to as western-style democracy
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00791-00194366-00194783 in a 2008 interview with Al Jazeera for
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00792-00194784-00195051 example the president stated that
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00793-00195052-00195316 Eritrea will wait three or four decades
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00794-00195317-00195623 maybe more before it holds elections who
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00795-00195624-00195931 knows
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00796-00195932-00196483 topic national elections
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00797-00196484-00196748 Eritrean national elections were set for
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00798-00196749-00196966 2001 but it was then decided that
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00799-00196967-00197240 because 20% of Eritrea's land was under
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00800-00197241-00197459 occupation elections would be postponed
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00801-00197460-00197606 until the resolution of the conflict
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00802-00197607-00197941 with Ethiopia however local elections
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00803-00197942-00198154 have continued in Eritrea the most
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00804-00198155-00198323 recent round of local government
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00805-00198324-00198603 elections were held in 2010 and 2011 on
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00806-00198604-00198872 further elections the president's chief
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00807-00198873-00199126 of staff Yamane Deborah mescal's said as
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00808-00199127-00199388 yet no national elections have been held
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00809-00199389-00199777 since independence
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00810-00199778-00200270 topic military
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00811-00200271-00200515 the aerotrain Defense Forces are now the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00812-00200516-00200713 official Armed Forces of the state of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00813-00200714-00200989 Eritrea its constituent elements are
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00814-00200990-00201224 Eritrean ground forces Eritrea Navy
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00815-00201225-00201485 Eritrean Air Force includes Air Defense
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00816-00201486-00201773 Force Eritrea's army is well staffed
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00817-00201774-00201959 well-trained and compared to the vast
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00818-00201960-00202181 majority of African armies well-funded
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00819-00202182-00202460 in deep during Eritrea's fight for
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00820-00202461-00202688 independence from Ethiopia the Eritrean
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00821-00202689-00202903 military was widely admired as one of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00822-00202904-00203014 the most effective fighting
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00823-00203015-00203239 organizations in the world the EDF
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00824-00203240-00203507 principles were articulated by the EPL F
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00825-00203508-00203648 which during the liberation struggle
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00826-00203649-00203843 operated a network of underground
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00827-00203844-00204125 hospitals factories garages and schools
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00828-00204126-00204311 in the liberated areas it controlled
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00829-00204312-00204494 while simultaneously engaging the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00830-00204495-00204688 aerotrain population at large in a
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00831-00204689-00204958 social transformational change at its
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00832-00204959-00205213 peak it commanded 90,000 battle-hardened
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00833-00205214-00205382 troops equipped with modern battlefield
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00834-00205383-00205558 weapons captured from the Ethiopian
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00835-00205559-00205928 occupying forces the aerotrain defense
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00836-00205929-00206185 forces have also specific attributes due
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00837-00206186-00206389 to high importance they attach to gender
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00838-00206390-00206659 equality this is another liberation
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00839-00206660-00206839 struggle component integrated into
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00840-00206840-00207106 modern-day military forces of Eritrea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00841-00207107-00207344 Eritrean women were integrated into the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00842-00207344-00207527 ranks of the freedom fighters and fought
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00843-00207528-00207790 alongside the men on the frontlines they
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00844-00207791-00207980 made up 30 percent of the country's
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00845-00207981-00208307 combat forces the EPL F treated women as
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00846-00208308-00208483 equals and they served as platoon
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00847-00208484-00208744 commanders commandos assault troops tank
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00848-00208746-00209034 and truck drivers mechanics doctors etc
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00849-00209035-00209327 women also served in many non-combat
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00850-00209328-00209542 capacities as teachers paramedics
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00851-00209544-00209798 political organizers technicians garage
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00852-00209798-00210107 mechanics drivers and more arid trained
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00853-00210108-00210350 women in villages across Eritrea and in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00854-00210351-00210559 the vast eritrane diaspora also
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00855-00210560-00210742 organized to support the liberation
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00856-00210744-00211110 movement
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00857-00211111-00211583 topic national service
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00858-00211584-00211835 the purposes of national service had
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00859-00211836-00212066 Jarawa a gold lot in Eritrea are clearly
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00860-00212067-00212371 stated in a legal Proclamation 80 to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00861-00212371-00212692 1990 fifths of 1995 and are threefold
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00862-00212694-00212954 national defense economic and social
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00863-00212955-00213239 development and national integration its
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00864-00213240-00213448 overall aim is not only to defend the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00865-00213450-00213662 country but also to rebuild it following
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00866-00213663-00213860 the war of independence and to propagate
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00867-00213861-00214109 the national ideology national services
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00868-00214110-00214394 the school of the nation the Eritrean
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00869-00214394-00214610 national service has a military branch
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00870-00214611-00214873 and a civilian branch individuals
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00871-00214875-00215084 assigned to the military branch perform
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00872-00215085-00215231 their service within the aerotrain
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00873-00215232-00215579 military army navy or Air Force they are
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00874-00215580-00215792 also sometimes deployed for specific
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00875-00215792-00216002 projects predominantly projects to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00876-00216003-00216196 develop the country's infrastructure and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00877-00216198-00216461 within the agricultural sector they live
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00878-00216462-00216667 on military bases and are divided into
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00879-00216669-00216923 units administration of the military
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00880-00216923-00217103 branch as a matter for the Ministry of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00881-00217104-00217475 Defence those assigned to the civilian
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00882-00217476-00217634 branch perform their service by
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00883-00217635-00217946 participating in civilian projects for
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00884-00217946-00218108 that purpose the government assigns
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00885-00218109-00218279 individuals to different ministries
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00886-00218280-00218516 those individuals are usually well
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00887-00218517-00218711 educated people or have specialist
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00888-00218712-00218942 skills they are typically deployed in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00889-00218942-00219137 schools in courts or provide medical
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00890-00219138-00219425 care individuals performing national
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00891-00219426-00219626 service undertake the duties assigned to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00892-00219627-00219869 them as they would in a normal job they
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00893-00219869-00220061 live with their parents families or in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00894-00220062-00220317 private accommodation at their workplace
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00895-00220319-00220562 following the outbreak of the border war
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00896-00220563-00220781 with Ethiopia Eritrea announced the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00897-00220782-00220994 general mobilisation of its forces as a
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00898-00220994-00221210 result of which the proclamation article
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00899-00221211-00221537 21 1 was triggered despite the end of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00900-00221538-00221807 combat operations in 2008 the Opia
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00901-00221808-00222053 unlike Eritrea has never recognized the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00902-00222054-00222242 border drawn by the UN Eritrea Ethiopia
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00903-00222242-00222544 boundary Commission ruling in 2002
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00904-00222544-00222803 accordingly the aerotrain government has
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00905-00222804-00222986 not lifted the extension of national
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00906-00222987-00223202 service beyond its statutory peacetime
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00907-00223203-00223478 duration of 18 months the NGO had
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00908-00223479-00223661 launched a massive demobilization
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00909-00223662-00223856 programme funded by its international
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00910-00223857-00224162 partners in 2001 but the demobilization
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00911-00224163-00224446 program was stopped in 2005 when
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00912-00224448-00224663 Ethiopia officially and categorically
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00913-00224664-00224909 rejected the EE BC award and virtually
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00914-00224910-00224978 created a
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00915-00224979-00225290 situation of war with Eritrea in March
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00916-00225291-00225571 2018 the aerotrain authorities confirmed
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00917-00225573-00225746 that the government has introduced a new
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00918-00225746-00225941 improved salary scale for national
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00919-00225942-00226115 service which was being implemented in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00920-00226116-00226403 phases the beneficiaries of the first
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00921-00226404-00226577 phase were the new national service
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00922-00226578-00226739 members enrolled in the civil service
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00923-00226740-00227051 and in the army new baseline salary is
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00924-00227052-00227315 1,800 Nakba for those without secondary
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00925-00227316-00227663 education 2,500 NOK file for
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00926-00227664-00227939 post-secondary certificate holders 3,000
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00927-00227940-00228248 mikvah for those with a diploma 3500
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00928-00228248-00228461 Nakba for first degree holders and for
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00929-00228462-00228638 advanced degrees of five years or more
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00930-00228639-00228956 4000 mikvah the second phase of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00931-00228957-00229144 salary scale and with retroactive
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00932-00229146-00229342 applicability as to be introduced for
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00933-00229344-00229529 existing members of the civil service
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00934-00229530-00229712 and new entrants with second degrees in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00935-00229713-00229994 PhDs in this sense it seems that
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00936-00229994-00230126 government is trying to address
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00937-00230127-00230360 disparity and imbalance an increase in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00938-00230361-00230788 the previous salary scales
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00939-00230789-00231296 topic legal profession
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00940-00231298-00231552 the aerotrain judiciary can be divided
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00941-00231553-00231804 into civil military and special courts
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00942-00231805-00232089 the jurisdictional paths of these courts
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00943-00232090-00232302 do cross each other but each is subject
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00944-00232303-00232469 to different administrative structure
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00945-00232471-00232731 the courts also differ in the type of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00946-00232732-00233028 law they use the community courts of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00947-00233029-00233196 Eritrea are the foundation of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00948-00233196-00233475 judicial system in Eritrea the courts
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00949-00233476-00233669 typically hear cases regarding minor
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00950-00233671-00233916 infractions typically involving sums of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00951-00233917-00234129 less than approximately seven thousand
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00952-00234130-00234419 three hundred dollars 100,000 Agfa
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00953-00234419-00234630 individual cases are heard by an
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00954-00234631-00234896 individual magistrate defense councils
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00955-00234898-00235092 are permitted to present cases but are
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00956-00235092-00235263 typically appointed by the court because
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00957-00235264-00235448 defendants are rarely able to meet the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00958-00235450-00235734 cost of private representation the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00959-00235735-00235910 system was set in place with the aim of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00960-00235911-00236094 ensuring better access to the legal
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00961-00236094-00236316 system to all layers of the society and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00962-00236317-00236498 has helped increase the share of cases
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00963-00236500-00236667 resolved outside of the court through
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00964-00236667-00236834 mediation and compromise with the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00965-00236835-00237042 involvement of representatives of family
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00966-00237042-00237366 members known as shimei GLE between 2004
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00967-00237367-00237732 to 2009 about 57% of cases were settled
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00968-00237733-00237948 through mediation and compensation among
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00969-00237948-00238119 the litigants the community courts
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00970-00238119-00238271 standing on women in the legal
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00971-00238273-00238494 profession is unclear but elected women
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00972-00238494-00238755 judges have reserved seat furthermore
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00973-00238756-00238941 even though there is no empirical data
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00974-00238942-00239109 to show the impact of the court on
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00975-00239110-00239313 gender equality the election of women
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00976-00239314-00239496 judges is believed to have positively
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00977-00239496-00239688 contributed to change of the traditional
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00978-00239689-00239991 role of women in Eritrea community court
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00979-00239992-00240165 judges are elected by their community
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00980-00240166-00240357 initially for two years and now it has
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00981-00240358-00240617 changed into four years most of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00982-00240619-00240789 judges are elders who have adequate
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00983-00240790-00240987 knowledge of customary practices but
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00984-00240988-00241271 also the national law they must also be
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00985-00241273-00241464 active participants in the affairs of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00986-00241465-00241704 their community the three members of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00987-00241705-00241902 bench are traditionally distinguished as
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00988-00241903-00242178 one judge in two nabarro the nabarro
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00989-00242179-00242352 have the role in assisting the mine
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00990-00242353-00242510 judge by using their knowledge of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00991-00242511-00242798 customs and of the community according
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00992-00242800-00242976 to the NYU School of Law
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00993-00242977-00243138 the legal committee of the ministry of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00994-00243139-00243323 justice oversees the admission and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00995-00243325-00243546 requirements to practice law in Eritrea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00996-00243546-00243765 although the establishment of an
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00997-00243766-00243954 independent Bar Association is not
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00998-00243955-00244239 proscribed under proclamation 88 96
+Y6AtiHP60bg-00999-00244240-00244452 among other domestic laws there is no
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01000-00244453-00244632 Bar Association
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01001-00244633-00244809 the community electorate in the local
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01002-00244810-00244983 jurisdiction of the community court
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01003-00244984-00245262 chooses the courts judges the community
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01004-00245263-00245457 courts standing on women in the legal
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01005-00245458-00245688 profession is unclear but elected women
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01006-00245689-00246119 judges have reserved seat
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01007-00246121-00246673 topic foreign relations
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01008-00246675-00247154 topic general
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01009-00247155-00247386 Eretria is a member of the United
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01010-00247387-00247592 Nations the African Union and as an
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01011-00247594-00247734 observing member of the Arab League
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01012-00247735-00248001 alongside Brazil Venezuela India and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01013-00248002-00248267 Turkey the nation holds a seat on the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01014-00248269-00248475 United Nations Advisory Committee on
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01015-00248476-00248696 administrative and budgetary questions
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01016-00248698-00249119 AC ABQ Eritrea also holds memberships in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01017-00249121-00249240 the International Bank for
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01018-00249241-00249386 Reconstruction and Development
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01019-00249387-00249546 International Finance Corporation
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01020-00249546-00249759 International Criminal Police
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01021-00249760-00250002 organization Interpol non-aligned
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01022-00250003-00250173 movement organization for the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01023-00250173-00250332 prohibition of chemical weapons
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01024-00250333-00250539 permanent Court of Arbitration port
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01025-00250540-00250752 Management Association of Eastern and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01026-00250753-00250911 Southern Africa and the World Customs
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01027-00250912-00251217 organization Eritrea maintains
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01028-00251217-00251451 diplomatic ties with virtually all UN
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01029-00251452-00251744 member states it has 28 embassies and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01030-00251746-00251907 three consulates abroad while its
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01031-00251908-00252126 representation to other UN member states
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01032-00252127-00252296 is often done through non-resident
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01033-00252298-00252639 ambassadors all five UNSC member states
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01034-00252640-00252813 most countries in the Horn and the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01035-00252814-00253005 Middle East and other European and Asian
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01036-00253006-00253257 countries the UN agencies have permanent
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01037-00253258-00253581 representatives in Eritrea all in all 19
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01038-00253582-00253806 countries and seven UN agencies have
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01039-00253807-00254001 permanent embassies in Eritrea while
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01040-00254002-00254202 most of the remaining UN member states
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01041-00254203-00254382 are represented by non-resident
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01042-00254383-00254604 ambassadors from Nairobi Khartoum in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01043-00254605-00254925 Cairo Eritrea's relations with Djibouti
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01044-00254926-00255102 are currently strained over the do Mara
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01045-00255103-00255342 Mountain and O'Mara Islands on the 23rd
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01046-00255342-00255615 of December 2009 the United Nations
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01047-00255616-00255917 Security Council adopted UNSC resolution
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01048-00255919-00256269 1907 2009 imposing a sanctions regime
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01049-00256269-00256614 against Eritrea arms embargo the pretext
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01050-00256615-00256806 for the sanctions were Eritrea's alleged
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01051-00256807-00257001 support for al-shabaab a Somali
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01052-00257002-00257280 terrorist group shortly thereafter in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01053-00257281-00257535 2011 the sanctions were expanded through
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01054-00257536-00257928 UNSC resolution 20 23 2011 adopted by
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01055-00257929-00258276 the Security Council during its 6670
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01056-00258277-00258423 fourth meeting held on the 5th of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01057-00258423-00258753 December 2011 on the 14th of November
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01058-00258754-00259077 2017 the UNSC again voted to continue
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01059-00259078-00259242 the sanction regime an adopted
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01060-00259242-00259563 resolution 2385 given the lack of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01061-00259564-00259773 evidence to justify the imposition of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01062-00259773-00260040 sanctions and arms embargo ie no proof
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01063-00260041-00260273 of aerotrain support to Somali militants
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01064-00260275-00260471 confirmed by UN monitoring group on
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01065-00260473-00260544 Somalia
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01066-00260544-00260742 and eritrea the government of Eritrea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01067-00260742-00260957 considers sanctions to be unfounded and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01068-00260958-00261144 aimed at restricting Eritrea's right to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01069-00261144-00261303 defend itself which is a fundamental
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01070-00261304-00261506 international right enshrined under the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01071-00261507-00261771 UN Charter the sanctions were also
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01072-00261771-00261966 criticized by representatives of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01073-00261967-00262155 academic community who consider them
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01074-00262156-00262341 counterproductive and damaging to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01075-00262342-00262713 regional security
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01076-00262714-00263370 topic relations with Ethiopia following
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01077-00263371-00263571 the end of the aerotrain Ethiopian war
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01078-00263572-00263829 on the 18th of June 2000 the cessation
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01079-00263830-00264120 of hostilities agreement was signed this
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01080-00264121-00264321 was only after Ethiopia became aware
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01081-00264322-00264501 that despite launching three huge
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01082-00264502-00264708 offensives they could not defeat Eritrea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01083-00264709-00264987 militarily at least this agreement
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01084-00264988-00265149 culminated into the signing of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01085-00265150-00265332 Algiers peace agreement Algiers
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01086-00265333-00265575 agreement on the 12th of December 2000
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01087-00265576-00265908 also known as the December agreement by
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01088-00265909-00266187 article 4.2 of the Algiers agreement the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01089-00266188-00266334 Commission was entrusted with the task
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01090-00266335-00266568 of delimiting and demarcating the border
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01091-00266569-00266763 between Eritrea and Ethiopia Eritrea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01092-00266764-00267186 Ethiopia Boundary Commission EE BC the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01093-00267187-00267462 EBC delivered its verdict on the 13th of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01094-00267463-00267870 April 2002 initially Ethiopia has widely
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01095-00267871-00268056 disseminated through international and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01096-00268057-00268248 domestic press interviews was entirely
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01097-00268249-00268508 satisfied and enthusiastic on the ruling
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01098-00268509-00268773 however only on the full awareness of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01099-00268774-00268989 the implications and consequences of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01100-00268990-00269193 decision that is the loss of the casus
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01101-00269194-00269403 belli town of Bad me the place where the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01102-00269404-00269601 hostilities started Denis Theo Pia's
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01103-00269602-00269843 controversies on the process begin
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01104-00269844-00270090 irrespective of which the EBC in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01105-00270091-00270366 November 2007 concluded the demarcation
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01106-00270367-00270669 phase of the Algiers agreement even
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01107-00270670-00270888 until today Ethiopia has not accepted
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01108-00270889-00271116 the decision and remains in violation of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01109-00271117-00271344 the EVC decision and has not withdrawn
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01110-00271345-00271521 its troops from sovereign eritrane
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01111-00271522-00271842 territory Ethiopia cited many reasons
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01112-00271843-00272004 including those having to do with the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01113-00272005-00272178 process the requirement of more
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01114-00272179-00272418 flexibility practicality and pragmatism
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01115-00272419-00272598 all of which were dismissed by Sir
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01116-00272599-00272748 Lauder Pot the president of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01117-00272749-00273000 Commission this was done via a number of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01118-00273001-00273198 communications and correspondences in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01119-00273199-00273390 response to Ethiopia and to the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01120-00273391-00273618 secretary-general of the UN in reference
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01121-00273619-00273825 to Ethiopia's justifications on the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01122-00273826-00274074 requirements of flexibility to the EE BC
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01123-00274075-00274377 decision since then for the past 17
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01124-00274378-00274416 years
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01125-00274417-00274617 Ethiopian troops have been permitted by
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01126-00274618-00274824 a silent international consensus to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01127-00274825-00275010 flout the treaty an illegally occupied
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01128-00275011-00275310 arid train territory in consequence the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01129-00275311-00275484 border between the two countries is
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01130-00275485-00275661 heavily militarized and skirmishes
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01131-00275662-00275895 occasionally claimed lives disagreements
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01132-00275896-00276051 following the war have resulted in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01133-00276052-00276114 stalemate
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01134-00276115-00276308 punctuated by periods of elevated
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01135-00276309-00276554 tension and renewed threats of war the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01136-00276555-00276758 stalemate led the President of Eritrea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01137-00276759-00276999 urged the UN to take action on Ethiopia
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01138-00277000-00277149 with the eleven letters penned by the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01139-00277150-00277341 president to the United Nations Security
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01140-00277342-00277655 Council up to this point authorities of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01141-00277656-00277863 Ethiopia showed no willingness to revise
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01142-00277864-00278129 stance and adopt legally binding EVC
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01143-00278130-00278435 decision such situation is often cited
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01144-00278436-00278651 by independent experts as a key reason
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01145-00278652-00278865 for ongoing eritrane policies on
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01146-00278866-00279056 national service a peace treaty between
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01147-00279057-00279246 both nations was signed on the 8th of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01148-00279247-00279665 July 2018
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01149-00279666-00280258 topic administrative divisions
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01150-00280259-00280484 Eritrea is divided into six
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01151-00280485-00280736 administrative regions these areas are
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01152-00280737-00281072 further divided into 58 districts the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01153-00281073-00281261 regions of Eritrea are the primary
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01154-00281262-00281456 geographical divisions through which the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01155-00281457-00281732 country is administered six in total
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01156-00281733-00281915 they include the maickel central and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01157-00281916-00282107 Seba cash Barca debugged
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01158-00282108-00282311 southern northern red sea and southern
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01159-00282312-00282557 red sea regions at the time of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01160-00282558-00282836 Independence in 1993 Eritrea was
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01161-00282837-00283085 arranged into ten provinces these
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01162-00283086-00283256 provinces were similar to the nine
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01163-00283257-00283448 provinces operating during the colonial
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01164-00283449-00283844 period in 1996 these were consolidated
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01165-00283845-00284150 into six regions Zubaz the boundaries of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01166-00284151-00284348 these new regions are based on catchment
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01167-00284349-00284698 basins
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01168-00284699-00285237 topic largest cities
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01169-00285238-00285553 topic transportation
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01170-00285554-00285781 you
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01171-00285782-00286049 transport in Eritrea includes highways
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01172-00286050-00286277 airports and seaports in addition to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01173-00286278-00286435 various forms of public and private
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01174-00286436-00286652 vehicular maritime and aerial
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01175-00286653-00286970 transportation at the start of Eritrea's
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01176-00286971-00287225 independence in 1991 the number of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01177-00287226-00287465 asphalted roads used to cover 4,000
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01178-00287466-00287822 kilometres 2485 miles over the years
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01179-00287823-00288020 this figure has more than tripled to the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01180-00288021-00288221 present coverage of 14,000 kilometers
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01181-00288222-00288434 eight thousand six hundred ninety nine
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01182-00288435-00288695 miles some of the largest road
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01183-00288696-00288896 infrastructure built over the past few
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01184-00288897-00289127 years have been the Misawa Assam Misawa
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01185-00289128-00289343 Gil Bob Baron to Tessa natal etosha
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01186-00289344-00289634 alphabet KUB KUB Naqvi and Misawa Air FL
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01187-00289635-00289964 roads however over past few years the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01188-00289965-00290189 circulation fermentis Mara has become
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01189-00290190-00290375 quite critical and a challenge that it
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01190-00290376-00290567 is of importance to tackle the obstacle
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01191-00290568-00290771 at its early stage so as to avoid major
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01192-00290772-00291008 road issues in the future the government
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01193-00291009-00291260 of Eritrea is currently working in a new
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01194-00291261-00291455 ring road project surrounding the city
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01195-00291456-00291728 of Awesome ara the idea is to ease the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01196-00291729-00291926 traffic burden coming into awesome ara
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01197-00291927-00292115 and especially of heavy vehicles
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01198-00292116-00292412 damaging the asphalted roads as of 1999
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01199-00292413-00292556 there was a total of three hundred
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01200-00292557-00292871 seventeen kilometers of 950 millimetres
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01201-00292872-00293051 three feet one and three eighths in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01202-00293052-00293339 narrow gauge rail line in Eritrea the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01203-00293340-00293576 railway links a gourd and oz Mara with
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01204-00293577-00293785 the port of Misawa however it had been
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01205-00293786-00294065 inoperative since 1978 except for about
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01206-00294066-00294245 a five kilometers stretch that was
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01207-00294246-00294544 reopened in Misawa in 1994
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01208-00294545-00294740 rehabilitation of the remainder and of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01209-00294741-00294938 the rolling stock has occurred in recent
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01210-00294939-00295295 years by 2003 the line had been restored
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01211-00295296-00295463 from Misawa all the way through to us
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01212-00295464-00295784 mara the aerotrain highway system is
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01213-00295785-00295892 named according to the road
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01214-00295893-00296120 classification the three levels of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01215-00296121-00296402 classification our primary Pia secondary
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01216-00296403-00296759 and tertiary tea the lowest level road
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01217-00296760-00296996 is tertiary and serves local interests
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01218-00296997-00297221 typically they are improved earth roads
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01219-00297222-00297452 which are occasionally paved during the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01220-00297453-00297662 wet seasons these roads typically become
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01221-00297663-00297989 impassable the next higher level road as
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01222-00297990-00298178 a secondary road and typically as a
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01223-00298179-00298358 single layered asphalt road that
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01224-00298359-00298559 connects district capitals together and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01225-00298560-00298802 those to the regional capitals roads
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01226-00298803-00298994 that are considered primary roads are
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01227-00298995-00299156 those that are fully asphalted
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01228-00299157-00299342 their entire length and in general they
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01229-00299343-00299507 carry traffic between all the major
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01230-00299508-00299846 cities and towns in Eritrea in terms of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01231-00299847-00300098 maritime communications a total of 58
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01232-00300099-00300305 million United States dollars has been
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01233-00300306-00300473 invested for the renovation and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01234-00300474-00300740 expansion of the ports the ports were
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01235-00300741-00300989 almost totally rebuilt new cranes were
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01236-00300990-00301175 installed in marine transport has
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01237-00301176-00301421 improved Misawa is the primary port for
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01238-00301422-00301583 the import of goods for the Eritrea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01239-00301584-00301838 market the port has an extensive history
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01240-00301839-00302051 being based around a natural and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01241-00302052-00302237 protected series of bays with safe
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01242-00302238-00302444 Anchorage's and good communications to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01243-00302445-00302708 the Eritrea hinterland the current port
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01244-00302709-00302927 was founded during 19th century and was
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01245-00302928-00303125 initially developed by the Italian and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01246-00303126-00303404 British colonial powers the post-world
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01247-00303405-00303638 War two the port fell into decline but
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01248-00303639-00303806 is now under the management and control
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01249-00303807-00304025 of an Eritrea government undergoing
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01250-00304026-00304253 major rehabilitation and restoration of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01251-00304254-00304562 facilities and services Messala is home
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01252-00304563-00304832 to a naval base enlarged out docks it
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01253-00304833-00305033 also has a station on the railway line
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01254-00305034-00305276 Das Mara ferries sailed to the dalek
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01255-00305277-00305441 Islands and the nearby Sheikh Saeed
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01256-00305442-00305801 island aka Green Island in addition the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01257-00305802-00305984 city's air transportation needs are
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01258-00305985-00306164 served by the Misawa International
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01259-00306165-00306386 Airport the establishment of a free port
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01260-00306387-00306599 zone at Misawa is further expected to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01261-00306600-00306797 boost trade prospects within the already
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01262-00306798-00306971 established Middle Eastern and African
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01263-00306972-00307217 markets the town of a Saab has become an
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01264-00307218-00307412 important port since it was purchased by
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01265-00307413-00307597 the Rubin Teno shipping company for
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01266-00307598-00307859 8,100 Maria Theresa dollars from the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01267-00307860-00308063 local Sultan's on behalf of the Italian
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01268-00308064-00308435 government in 1869 a Saab was chosen for
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01269-00308436-00308630 its strategic location near the Straits
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01270-00308631-00308849 of bab-el-mandeb and the possibility
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01271-00308850-00308993 that it could become an important
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01272-00308994-00309203 trading station between Ethiopia and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01273-00309204-00309512 Arabia a Saab now is a modern port with
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01274-00309513-00309701 an oil refinery built by the former
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01275-00309702-00309989 Soviet Union it used to be the main port
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01276-00309990-00310199 serving Addis Ababa and therefore has
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01277-00310200-00310415 more in Ethiopian than eritrean feel to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01278-00310416-00310652 it the town is divided into three parts
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01279-00310653-00310958 a Saab seguir smallest Saab on the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01280-00310959-00311189 shoreline a Saab kebir biggest Saab in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01281-00311190-00311384 the center of town containing the port
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01282-00311385-00311573 in the city centre and nestling behind
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01283-00311574-00311804 it as the rather ramshackle Campo Sudan
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01284-00311805-00312041 the former domain of Ethiopian residents
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01285-00312042-00312311 there are extensive salt flats around a
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01286-00312312-00312547 Saab there are 30 islands in the bay
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01287-00312548-00312838 Hassam which can be visited airline
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01288-00312839-00313072 service has also experienced development
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01289-00313073-00313335 Asmara International Airport was mainly
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01290-00313336-00313522 used as a military base in the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01291-00313523-00313798 pre-independence period the airport was
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01292-00313799-00314053 almost ruined renovation of the airport
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01293-00314054-00314209 was the primary task in the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01294-00314210-00314497 post-independence period the airport was
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01295-00314498-00314632 renovated to meet civil aviation
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01296-00314633-00314923 standards a Saab Airport was also
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01297-00314924-00315157 renovated sawa airport was constructed
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01298-00315158-00315370 and air strips in testan ii baron 2 and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01299-00315371-00315652 monment were built aviation agreements
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01300-00315653-00315808 were signed with various countries
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01301-00315809-00316051 including Germany Italy Egypt South
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01302-00316052-00316354 Africa Sudan Djibouti Kenya Yemen
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01303-00316355-00316552 Nigeria and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01304-00316553-00316888 a number of airport equipment and other
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01305-00316889-00317104 necessary materials were purchased to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01306-00317105-00317398 provide efficient service new ambulances
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01307-00317399-00317590 and fire fighter vehicles and hygiene
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01308-00317591-00317830 materials were imported new stores were
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01309-00317831-00318058 built and the runway was renovated the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01310-00318059-00318223 airport was under a threat of flooding
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01311-00318224-00318409 and to mitigate this diversion canals
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01312-00318410-00318598 have been built around Adi Guate and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01313-00318599-00318745 metrological equipment has been
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01314-00318746-00319090 installed at this time Egypt Turkey
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01315-00319091-00319363 flydubai air Arabia Sudan Airways and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01316-00319364-00319552 other airlines are providing services in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01317-00319553-00319819 Eritrea the Airways that are currently
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01318-00319820-00320014 functional in Eritrea are providing
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01319-00320015-00320154 satisfactory service
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01320-00320155-00320458 flydubai for instance is flying nine
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01321-00320459-00320707 times a week there are other airlines
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01322-00320708-00320887 which are planning to begin service in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01323-00320888-00321037 the country and with the competitive
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01324-00321038-00321226 atmosphere among the various airlines
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01325-00321227-00321415 cost-effective airline service is
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01326-00321416-00321642 expected to be realized in the long run
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01327-00321643-00321922 the following is the list of airports in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01328-00321923-00322325 Eritrea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01329-00322326-00322798 topic economy
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01330-00322799-00323038 the aerotrain economy has undergone
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01331-00323039-00323209 extreme changes due to the war of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01332-00323210-00323638 independence in 2011 Eritrea's gdp grew
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01333-00323639-00323833 by eight point seven percent making it
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01334-00323834-00324043 one of the fastest growing economies in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01335-00324044-00324100 the world
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01336-00324101-00324346 worker remittances from abroad are
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01337-00324347-00324577 estimated to account for 32 percent of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01338-00324578-00324874 gross domestic product Eritrea has an
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01339-00324875-00325081 extensive amount of resources such as
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01340-00325082-00325387 copper gold granite marble and potash a
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01341-00325388-00325642 big reason for the recent growth of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01342-00325643-00325855 aerotrain economy as the commencement of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01343-00325856-00326029 full operations in the gold and silver
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01344-00326030-00326235 Bishop mine and the production of cement
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01345-00326236-00326620 from the cement factory in Misawa 80% of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01346-00326621-00326815 the aerotrain workforce are employed in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01347-00326816-00327087 agriculture Eritrea's main agricultural
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01348-00327088-00327370 products include sorghum millet barley
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01349-00327371-00327700 wheat legumes vegetables fruits sesame
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01350-00327701-00327952 linseed cattle sheep goats and camels
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01351-00327953-00328198 the aerotrain Ethiopian war severely
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01352-00328199-00328543 hurt Eritrea's economy GDP growth in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01353-00328544-00328894 1999 fell to less than 1% and GDP
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01354-00328895-00329257 decreased by 8.2 percent in 2000 in May
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01355-00329258-00329530 2000 the war resulted in some 600
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01356-00329531-00329740 million dollars in property damage and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01357-00329741-00330031 loss including losses of 225 million
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01358-00330032-00330285 dollars in livestock and 55 thousand
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01359-00330286-00330585 homes even during the war Eritrea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01360-00330586-00330745 developed its transportation
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01361-00330746-00330943 infrastructure by asphalting new roads
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01362-00330944-00331165 improving its ports and repairing war
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01363-00331166-00331372 damaged roads and bridges as a part of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01364-00331373-00331651 the weary war saya Kahlo program the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01365-00331652-00331855 most significant of these projects was
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01366-00331856-00332053 the construction of a coastal highway of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01367-00332054-00332272 more than 500 kilometres connecting
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01368-00332273-00332452 Misawa with a SAP as well as the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01369-00332453-00332665 rehabilitation of the aerotrain railway
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01370-00332666-00332920 the rail line has been restored between
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01371-00332921-00333127 the port of Misawa and the capitalist
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01372-00333128-00333178 Mara
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01373-00333179-00333439 although services are sporadic steam
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01374-00333440-00333622 locomotives are sometimes used for
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01375-00333623-00333982 groups of enthusiasts in theory Eritrea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01376-00333983-00334225 has a national carrier Eritrean Airlines
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01377-00334226-00334528 but services are intermittent
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01378-00334529-00334783 Eritrea's economy slowed more sharply
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01379-00334784-00335005 than expected due to dwindling economic
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01380-00335006-00335152 activities and poor weather conditions
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01381-00335153-00335404 that adversely affected agricultural
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01382-00335405-00335758 productivity real GDP growth declined to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01383-00335759-00336100 an estimated 3.4 percent in 2017 from
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01384-00336101-00336427 3.8 percent in 2016 and is projected to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01385-00336428-00336724 remain between 3.7 percent and 3.8
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01386-00336725-00337054 percent over the medium term GDP growth
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01387-00337055-00337384 in 2016 and 2017 was driven largely by
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01388-00337385-00337593 investment at the Bishop mine
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01389-00337594-00337834 agriculture which accounts for seventeen
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01390-00337835-00338098 point two percent of GDP provides most
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01391-00338099-00338299 of the population with a livelihood and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01392-00338300-00338503 accounts for about 44 percent of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01393-00338504-00338788 commodity exports over the medium term
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01394-00338789-00339010 the government sees further prospects in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01395-00339011-00339205 improved food production due to large
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01396-00339206-00339445 investment in masonry dams additional
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01397-00339446-00339673 mining activities growth in services and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01398-00339674-00339889 sustainable fisheries development the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01399-00339890-00340102 overall budget deficit after grants
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01400-00340103-00340378 continued its downward trend the budget
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01401-00340379-00340543 deficit declined to an estimated
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01402-00340544-00340810 thirteen point eight percent of GDP in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01403-00340811-00341173 2017 from 14 percent in 2016 and is
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01404-00341174-00341362 projected to drop to twelve point four
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01405-00341363-00341698 percent in 2019 the country's access to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01406-00341699-00341908 more grants and concessional resources
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01407-00341909-00342130 increasing revenue from mining projects
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01408-00342131-00342355 and control of unproductive expenditures
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01409-00342356-00342558 are the main drivers of the decline
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01410-00342559-00342799 inflation remained at an estimated nine
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01411-00342800-00343096 percent in 2017 driven by insufficient
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01412-00343097-00343309 food supply and scarce foreign currency
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01413-00343310-00343545 to finance imports of essential goods
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01414-00343546-00343789 monetary policy has been geared to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01415-00343790-00344014 maintaining price stability the broad
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01416-00344015-00344221 money supply decreased from seventeen
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01417-00344222-00344509 point five percent of GDP in 2010 to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01418-00344510-00344845 fourteen point three percent in 2014 the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01419-00344846-00344989 drop was attributable to the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01420-00344990-00345136 government's pursuit of fiscal
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01421-00345137-00345301 consolidation and reduction of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01422-00345302-00345450 non-concessional loans
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01423-00345451-00345730 public debt was estimated at one hundred
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01424-00345731-00346045 five point eight percent of GDP in 2015
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01425-00346046-00346237 three percentage points lower than in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01426-00346238-00346582 2013 external debt to official creditors
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01427-00346583-00346801 which declined from forty-one percent of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01428-00346802-00347077 GDP in 2010 to twenty one point nine
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01429-00347078-00347323 percent in 2014 remains above the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01430-00347324-00347607 sub-saharan Africa average of 10.5%
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01431-00347608-00347818 agriculture is the main economic
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01432-00347819-00347917 activity in area
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01433-00347918-00348127 tria it is a livelihood to the majority
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01434-00348128-00348282 of the people who engage in crop
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01435-00348283-00348526 production and livestock hurting it
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01436-00348527-00348762 employs more than 70% of the workforce
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01437-00348763-00349056 most farmers depend on rainfall that is
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01438-00349057-00349281 variable and unevenly distributed from
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01439-00349282-00349492 year to year and the primary goal is to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01440-00349493-00349704 improve farming practices by introducing
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01441-00349705-00349987 modern technology irrigation terracing
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01442-00349988-00350215 soil and water conservation with less
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01443-00350216-00350491 dependence on rainwater Eritrea is
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01444-00350492-00350698 divided into three development regions
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01445-00350699-00350920 Central Highlands Eastern lowlands and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01446-00350921-00351180 the western lowlands in each of these
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01447-00351181-00351421 development regions various projects are
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01448-00351422-00351732 underway due to its geographical size
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01449-00351733-00351988 and agro-ecological advantages the gash
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01450-00351989-00352243 barca region breadbasket of Eritrea in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01451-00352244-00352453 western Eritrea is sought to develop
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01452-00352454-00352645 into the largest agricultural hub in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01453-00352646-00352932 this region to avert drought and expand
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01454-00352933-00353106 farming the aerotrain government has
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01455-00353107-00353329 constructed strategic dams along major
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01456-00353330-00353556 river basins and potential catchments
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01457-00353557-00353869 such as go-set Vanko Rahui Vanko TS mue
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01458-00353870-00354060 kirk abet and other small water
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01459-00354061-00354295 reservoirs since Eritrea's independence
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01460-00354296-00354493 to provide adequate water supply for the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01461-00354494-00354673 vast arable land of the region and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01462-00354674-00354820 increase the size of land under
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01463-00354821-00355099 irrigation the agriculture development
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01464-00355100-00355230 is planned along the lines of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01465-00355231-00355410 sustainable practices which are also
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01466-00355411-00355621 promoted by external partners such as
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01467-00355622-00355813 Syngenta foundation with a mission to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01468-00355814-00355990 help poor farmers in developing
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01469-00355991-00356157 countries increase the value of their
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01470-00356158-00356392 farms and goods the aerotrain
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01471-00356393-00356593 authorities are actively supporting the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01472-00356594-00356791 development of local expertise with
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01473-00356792-00356989 Hammel mallow college of agriculture and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01474-00356990-00357226 haggis technical and agricultural school
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01475-00357227-00357448 being key educational hubs for training
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01476-00357449-00357628 and agriculture Eritrea's main
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01477-00357629-00357847 agricultural products include sorghum
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01478-00357848-00358089 millet barley wheat legumes vegetables
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01479-00358090-00358455 fruits sesame linseed cattle sheep goats
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01480-00358456-00358930 and camels
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01481-00358931-00359464 topic for an investment
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01482-00359465-00359692 the private sector is seen as the major
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01483-00359693-00359878 development partner an engine of growth
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01484-00359879-00360115 that will help jumpstart the economy and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01485-00360116-00360304 eventually lead to long-term growth in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01486-00360305-00360484 the government's development agenda
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01487-00360485-00360745 the revised investment code was issued
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01488-00360746-00361021 in 1994 the main objective of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01489-00361022-00361231 investment code is to promote investment
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01490-00361232-00361432 in eritrea as well as develop and use
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01491-00361433-00361696 the country's natural resources the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01492-00361697-00361882 investment code provides various
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01493-00361883-00362032 benefits to investors
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01494-00362033-00362257 for instance profit and dividends of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01495-00362258-00362458 investors payments for a foreign loan
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01496-00362459-00362734 fees royalties or proceeds received from
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01497-00362735-00362914 liquidation of investment and/or
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01498-00362915-00363115 expansion and payment received from the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01499-00363116-00363277 sale of transfer of shares will be
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01500-00363278-00363439 remitted in accordance with the rate of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01501-00363440-00363700 exchange prevailing at that time there
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01502-00363701-00363883 is no minimum threshold value of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01503-00363884-00364138 investment all areas of investment are
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01504-00364139-00364339 open to all investors both foreign and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01505-00364340-00364543 domestic foreign capital may establish
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01506-00364544-00364741 any enterprise on its own or in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01507-00364742-00365014 partnership with local capital moreover
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01508-00365015-00365221 the investment code guarantee that
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01509-00365222-00365428 capital and other associated foreign
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01510-00365429-00365608 owned assets will not be nationalized
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01511-00365609-00365929 without due laws to this effect Eritrea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01512-00365930-00366094 has also signed the convention
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01513-00366095-00366274 establishing multilateral investment
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01514-00366275-00366535 guarantee agency MIGA and the Convention
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01515-00366536-00366685 on the settlement of investment disputes
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01516-00366686-00366901 between states and Nationals of other
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01517-00366902-00367204 states given that greenstone belt of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01518-00367205-00367417 Eritrea which hosts precious and base
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01519-00367418-00367663 metals covers 70% of the country
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01520-00367664-00367849 government in particular perceives
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01521-00367850-00368065 mining as a crucial part of economic
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01522-00368066-00368254 development and encouraging additional
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01523-00368255-00368446 investments in the mining sector however
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01524-00368447-00368650 with a focus on sustainable mining
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01525-00368651-00368878 Eritrea's first mine the Bishop mining
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01526-00368879-00369067 share company a joint venture between
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01527-00369068-00369271 Canadian mining company Neff Sun
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01528-00369272-00369469 Resources limited and the Eritrean
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01529-00369470-00369733 National Mining Corporation II and AM Co
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01530-00369734-00370057 employs about 1,500 people and is a
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01531-00370058-00370432 24-hour operation that produces 688 TN
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01532-00370433-00370738 of copper concentrate and 166 TN of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01533-00370739-00371026 copper every day it is expected to yield
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01534-00371027-00371305 copper and zinc until 2021 but further
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01535-00371306-00371548 exploration in nearby harina and McGorry
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01536-00371549-00371731 River could to extend its life which
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01537-00371732-00371914 would reflect positively on local
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01538-00371915-00372187 economic developments next to come on
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01539-00372188-00372415 stream as the zahra goldmine joint owned
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01540-00372416-00372754 by he and am CEO in China s fe co Group
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01541-00372755-00372913 which officially started
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01542-00372914-00373189 operations in January 2016 in addition
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01543-00373190-00373450 to nev sun resources in china s fe co
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01544-00373451-00373639 which are exploring near their active
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01545-00373640-00373884 mines 14 foreign firms from Canada
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01546-00373885-00374184 Australia China Russia India and Sudan
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01547-00374185-00374392 are exploring for mineral assets in the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01548-00374393-00374623 country among those closest to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01549-00374624-00374883 realization as the kaluli potash project
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01550-00374884-00375070 which is owned by Australian company
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01551-00375071-00375271 Danny Kali and among the shallowest and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01552-00375272-00375475 high-grade potash deposits in the world
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01553-00375476-00375814 and with production to begin by 2019 the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01554-00375815-00376005 mine sits in the Donna Kiel depression
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01555-00376006-00376198 one of the hottest and lowest points on
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01556-00376199-00376396 earth where more than 6 BN TN of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01557-00376397-00376626 measured and indicated potassium bearing
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01558-00376627-00376891 salts have been identified to date the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01559-00376892-00377092 improved mining legislative increased
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01560-00377093-00377272 interest of large institutional
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01561-00377273-00377499 investors such as US banking giant
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01562-00377500-00377695 JPMorgan Chase while there are
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01563-00377696-00377880 opportunities especially in the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01564-00377881-00378060 extractive industries sector the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01565-00378061-00378285 government of the state of eritrea GSE
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01566-00378286-00378480 maintains a command economy with
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01567-00378481-00378691 government activities predominating /
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01568-00378692-00378975 private enterprise although this impacts
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01569-00378976-00379174 Eritrea's position on World Bank's Doing
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01570-00379175-00379383 Business list according to its five-year
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01571-00379384-00379704 indicative development plan 2014 to 2018
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01572-00379705-00379926 the GSE states that it wants to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01573-00379927-00380116 encourage foreign direct investment
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01574-00380117-00380376 government claims that changes yielded
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01575-00380377-00380563 improvement in overall investment
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01576-00380564-00380719 climate which is characterized by
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01577-00380720-00380962 competitive tax regimes full guarantees
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01578-00380963-00381252 and protection of investments a similar
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01579-00381253-00381412 line is maintained by companies
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01580-00381413-00381637 currently operating in Eritrea who claim
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01581-00381638-00381838 no experience of corruption and claim a
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01582-00381839-00382024 stable working relationship with the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01583-00382025-00382243 government Eritrea's labor pool is well
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01584-00382244-00382396 qualified compared with those in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01585-00382397-00382677 neighboring states Eritrean start
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01586-00382678-00382897 English classes in elementary school and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01587-00382898-00383082 are educated almost exclusively in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01588-00383083-00383400 English from grade 6 onwards the people
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01589-00383401-00383622 are generally resourceful in industrious
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01590-00383623-00383859 historically corruption in Eritrea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01591-00383860-00384040 appears less pervasive that in other
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01592-00384041-00384289 countries in the region in regard to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01593-00384290-00384477 this there are indications of increased
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01594-00384478-00384681 interest of foreign investors and trade
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01595-00384682-00384871 partners in particular in leading
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01596-00384872-00385437 European countries such as Germany
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01597-00385438-00385923 pick sustainability
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01598-00385924-00386188 Eritrea's development aspiration as to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01599-00386189-00386401 achieve rapid balanced and sustainable
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01600-00386402-00386602 economic growth with social equity and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01601-00386603-00386887 justice using an approach anchored in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01602-00386888-00387052 the self-reliance principle the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01603-00387053-00387214 government is leading this development
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01604-00387215-00387430 course with the ongoing external support
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01605-00387431-00387646 and cooperation of development partners
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01606-00387647-00387877 such as the United Nations UN on the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01607-00387878-00388090 social front Eritrea is among the few
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01608-00388091-00388267 African countries on track to meet the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01609-00388268-00388531 health-related MDGs including reducing
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01610-00388532-00388816 child in maternal mortality school
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01611-00388817-00389029 enrollment has increased in recent years
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01612-00389030-00389320 following a decline from 2005 to 2010
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01613-00389321-00389533 especially among girls and children
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01614-00389534-00389728 living in hard-to-reach areas but high
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01615-00389729-00389955 youth unemployment remains a concern in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01616-00389956-00390154 addition while the government has
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01617-00390155-00390334 demonstrated a commitment to promoting
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01618-00390335-00390547 gender equality additional work is
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01619-00390548-00390742 needed to fully integrate gender issues
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01620-00390743-00390934 into national development policies
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01621-00390935-00391252 strategies however achievements made so
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01622-00391253-00391447 far were judged as commendable by UN
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01623-00391448-00391704 representatives present in the country
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01624-00391705-00391957 Eritrea has made considerable progress
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01625-00391958-00392218 towards providing equitable accessible
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01626-00392219-00392395 and affordable health services to the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01627-00392396-00392575 majority of the population and as a
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01628-00392576-00392758 result managed to reach seven of eight
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01629-00392759-00393031 MDGs by the 31st of December 2015
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01630-00393032-00393271 deadline the Millennium Development
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01631-00393272-00393484 Goals agenda were succeeded by the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01632-00393485-00393709 sustainable development goals agenda s
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01633-00393710-00393991 DG's beginning the 1st of January 2016
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01634-00393992-00394225 and following that Eritrea prepared a
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01635-00394226-00394428 roadmap for achieving 2030 sustainable
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01636-00394429-00394708 development goals the aerotrain
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01637-00394709-00394939 government stated it considers SDGs
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01638-00394940-00395128 congruent with Eritrea's development
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01639-00395129-00395335 aspirations and stated it will continue
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01640-00395336-00395539 staying on target pertaining to poverty
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01641-00395540-00395782 eradication eliminating inequalities of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01642-00395783-00395953 opportunity between genders and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01643-00395954-00396139 disparities between segments of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01644-00396140-00396349 population and among cities and regions
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01645-00396350-00396673 of the country Eritrea made considerable
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01646-00396674-00396841 gains towards increasing school
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01647-00396842-00397066 enrollment following independence the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01648-00397067-00397267 net enrolment rate increased from 30
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01649-00397268-00397966 4.8% in 1991-1992 to 76.8% in 2011-2012
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01650-00397967-00398212 the UN in Eritrea is helping the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01651-00398213-00398374 government continue to increase school
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01652-00398375-00398608 enrolment participation learning and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01653-00398609-00398899 completion of Basic Education government
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01654-00398900-00399076 advocates sustainable development
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01655-00399077-00399298 approach which is anchored on self rely
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01656-00399299-00399496 and ownership of policies and programs
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01657-00399497-00399673 which emphasize the effective
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01658-00399674-00399865 utilization of national human and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01659-00399866-00400063 material resources before seeking
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01660-00400064-00400360 external assistance or cooperation same
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01661-00400361-00400560 principles are applied in regards to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01662-00400561-00400741 foreign investments which are welcomed
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01663-00400742-00400935 under strict conditions for investment
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01664-00400936-00401062 including the promotion of local
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01665-00401063-00401275 employment training and a joint venture
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01666-00401276-00401557 with national companies II and am CEO in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01667-00401558-00401854 that sense integrating local communities
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01668-00401855-00401995 throughout the whole process from
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01669-00401996-00402205 prospecting exploration to actual
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01670-00402206-00402520 production is mandatory by ensuring that
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01671-00402521-00402715 any company follows the government of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01672-00402716-00402892 eritrea impact review committee to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01673-00402893-00403090 ensure that mining companies maintain a
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01674-00403091-00403303 high standard of operational governance
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01675-00403304-00403489 as a mandatory prerequisite for any
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01676-00403490-00403702 company wishing to operate in Eritrea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01677-00403703-00403987 the robust environmental protection
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01678-00403988-00404191 program is also one of the imperatives
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01679-00404192-00404377 for companies to acquire their license
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01680-00404378-00404599 to operate in similar regulations apply
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01681-00404600-00404791 in regard to ensuring the safety and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01682-00404792-00405073 well-being of employees for instance if
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01683-00405074-00405285 any part of the village land falls under
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01684-00405286-00405510 the exploration sites compensation or
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01685-00405511-00405697 agricultural assistance are provided
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01686-00405698-00405895 including machinery and or training on
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01687-00405896-00406183 labor-intensive production as a result
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01688-00406184-00406396 local employees compete highly to get
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01689-00406397-00406567 the chance to work for companies as the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01690-00406568-00406759 salary scale is higher than national
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01691-00406760-00407074 average Eritrea is also actively
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01692-00407075-00407263 pursuing ref forestation policy
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01693-00407264-00407670 enshrined in proclamation no 155 2006
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01694-00407671-00407941 during the course community-based rf4
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01695-00407942-00408256 station program launched in 2006 over 90
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01696-00408257-00408448 million tree seedlings have been planted
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01697-00408449-00408688 in different areas covering over 30,000
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01698-00408689-00408753 hectares
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01699-00408754-00409027 moreover Eritrea also initiated
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01700-00409028-00409237 activities aimed at developing sea water
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01701-00409238-00409447 based agriculture in an arid coastal
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01702-00409448-00409714 zone Eritrea is one of the few countries
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01703-00409714-00409914 who formally instituted national
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01704-00409916-00410137 greening Day celebrated on the 15th of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01705-00410138-00410403 May in 2016 the Ministry of Agriculture
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01706-00410404-00410620 decided on a set of priorities to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01707-00410621-00410760 improve the sustainability of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01708-00410762-00411072 agriculture in Eritrea important efforts
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01709-00411074-00411220 include the development of water
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01710-00411221-00411378 reservoirs and its accompanying
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01711-00411379-00411609 infrastructure mitigating pests and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01712-00411610-00411807 plant diseases planting in accordance
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01713-00411808-00411964 with predictable weather patterns
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01714-00411964-00412180 increasing biodiversity of planting
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01715-00412181-00412396 sites promoting crop rotation to help
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01716-00412397-00412588 sustain soil quality and promoting
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01717-00412589-00412676 sustainable and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01718-00412677-00412895 to decrease traditional wood fire stove
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01719-00412896-00413230 use
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01720-00413231-00413779 topic demographics
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01721-00413780-00414101 Eritrea's population increased from 3.2
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01722-00414102-00414347 million to 5 million between 1990 and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01723-00414348-00414695 2016 the average number of children born
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01724-00414696-00415270 to Eritrean mothers as 4.7
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01725-00415271-00415718 pick ethnic composition
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01726-00415719-00415964 there are nine recognized ethnic groups
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01727-00415965-00416139 according to the government of Eritrea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01728-00416139-00416405 Eritrea society is ethnically
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01729-00416406-00416753 heterogeneous an independent census has
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01730-00416754-00416930 yet to be conducted but the Tigrinya
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01731-00416931-00417200 people make up about 55% and tigre
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01732-00417201-00417395 people make up about 30% of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01733-00417396-00417659 population a majority of the remaining
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01734-00417660-00417857 ethnic groups belong to afro-asiatic
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01735-00417858-00418103 speaking communities of the kishida cran
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01736-00418104-00418364 CH such as the sajo he's Arab afar and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01737-00418365-00418646 violent there are also a number of nylon
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01738-00418647-00418868 ik ethnic minorities who are represented
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01739-00418869-00419048 in Eritrea by the coup nama and Nara
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01740-00419049-00419337 each ethnicity speaks a different native
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01741-00419338-00419504 tongue but typically many of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01742-00419505-00419719 minorities speak more than one language
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01743-00419720-00420029 the Rashidah represent about 2% of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01744-00420030-00420275 Eritrea's population they reside in the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01745-00420276-00420491 northern coastal lowlands of Eritrea as
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01746-00420492-00420764 well as the eastern coasts of Sudan the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01747-00420765-00420971 Rashida first came to Eritrea in the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01748-00420972-00421202 19th century from the Hejaz region in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01749-00421203-00421427 addition there exist Italian Eritrean
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01750-00421428-00421668 concentrated in Oz Mara and Ethiopian
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01751-00421668-00421793 tea grind communities
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01752-00421794-00422058 neither is generally given citizenship
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01753-00422059-00422231 and less through marriage or more rarely
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01754-00422232-00422420 by having it conferred upon them by the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01755-00422421-00422804 state Eritrea had about 760 thousand
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01756-00422805-00423083 inhabitants including 70,000 Italians in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01757-00423084-00423483 1941 most Italians left after Eritrea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01758-00423484-00423916 became independent from Italy
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01759-00423917-00424418 topic languages
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01760-00424418-00424725 Eritrea is a multilingual country the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01761-00424726-00424941 nation has no official language as the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01762-00424942-00425208 Constitution establishes the Equality of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01763-00425209-00425559 all Eritrean languages Tigrinya serves
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01764-00425560-00425754 as the de facto language of national
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01765-00425755-00426009 identity with two million five hundred
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01766-00426010-00426191 forty thousand total speakers of a
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01767-00426192-00426414 population of five million two hundred
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01768-00426414-00426681 fifty four thousand in 2006 it is the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01769-00426682-00426912 most widely spoken language particularly
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01770-00426913-00427068 in the southern and central parts of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01771-00427068-00427368 Eritrea other major national languages
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01772-00427368-00427659 include afar Arabic Beja violin coup
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01773-00427660-00427697 nama
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01774-00427698-00428016 Nara sajo and Tigre Tigrinya alongside
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01775-00428017-00428268 modern Standard Arabic and English serve
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01776-00428268-00428475 as de-facto working languages with the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01777-00428476-00428706 latter used in university education and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01778-00428707-00429035 many technical fields Italian the former
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01779-00429037-00429255 colonial language is spoken by a few
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01780-00429256-00429416 monolinguals and is still taught in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01781-00429417-00429651 primary and secondary schools most of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01782-00429652-00429816 the language is spoken in Eritrea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01783-00429817-00429993 belonged to the Ethiopian Semitic branch
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01784-00429993-00430272 of the afro-asiatic family other
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01785-00430272-00430518 afro-asiatic languages belonging to the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01786-00430518-00430749 khurshid akhtar also widely spoken in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01787-00430750-00430806 the country
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01788-00430807-00431124 the latter include afar beja Blinn and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01789-00431125-00431409 sajo smaller groups also speak other
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01790-00431410-00431664 afro-asiatic languages such as the newly
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01791-00431664-00431901 recognized Dalek in Arabic the Hijazi
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01792-00431902-00432093 and had rami dialect spoken by the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01793-00432093-00432338 Rashidah and had Rami respectively in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01794-00432339-00432614 addition nilo-saharan languages coup
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01795-00432616-00432785 nama and Nara are spoken as a native
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01796-00432787-00433005 language by the melodic coup nama and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01797-00433006-00433220 nara ethnic minority groups that live in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01798-00433221-00433383 the northern and northwestern part of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01799-00433384-00433650 the country topic religion according to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01800-00433651-00433956 the Pew Research Center as of 2010 62
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01801-00433957-00434163 point nine percent of the population of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01802-00434164-00434484 Eritrea adheres to Christianity 36.6%
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01803-00434485-00434868 follows Islam and 0.4% practices folk
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01804-00434868-00435164 religion the remainder observes Judaism
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01805-00435166-00435410 Hinduism Buddhism and other faiths since
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01806-00435412-00435678 May 2002 the government of Eritrea has
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01807-00435679-00435885 officially recognized the Eritrean
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01808-00435885-00436107 Orthodox Tewahedo Church oriental
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01809-00436108-00436343 Orthodox Sunni Islam the aerotrain
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01810-00436344-00436566 Catholic Church a Metropolitan aid Tsui
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01811-00436567-00436731 juris and the Evangelical Lutheran
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01812-00436732-00436985 Church all other faiths and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01813-00436987-00437189 denominations are required to undergo a
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01814-00437191-00437466 registration process among other things
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01815-00437467-00437697 the government's registration system
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01816-00437697-00437810 requires religious
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01817-00437812-00438014 groups to submit personal information on
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01818-00438016-00438143 their membership to be allowed to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01819-00438145-00438393 worship the aerotrain government is
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01820-00438393-00438572 against what it deems as reformed or
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01821-00438574-00438768 radical versions of its established
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01822-00438768-00439053 religions therefore alleged radical
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01823-00439054-00439214 forms of Islam and Christianity
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01824-00439214-00439434 Jehovah's Witnesses the Baha'i faith
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01825-00439435-00439602 though the Baha'i faith is neither
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01826-00439603-00439818 Islamic nor Christian the seventh-day
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01827-00439818-00440031 Adventist Church and numerous other non
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01828-00440032-00440181 produced and evangelical denominations
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01829-00440182-00440442 are not registered and cannot worship
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01830-00440443-00440727 freely three named Jehovah's Witnesses
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01831-00440728-00440882 are known to have been imprisoned since
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01832-00440883-00441258 1994 along with 51 others in its 2017
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01833-00441259-00441477 Religious Freedom report the US State
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01834-00441478-00441681 Department named Eritrea a country of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01835-00441682-00442035 particular concern CPC topic human
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01836-00442035-00442191 rights most Western countries have
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01837-00442192-00442392 accused the aerotrain authorities of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01838-00442393-00442608 arbitrary arrests and detentions and of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01839-00442609-00442755 detaining an unknown number of people
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01840-00442756-00442910 without charge for their political
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01841-00442912-00443003 activism
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01842-00443004-00443259 however the aerotrain government has
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01843-00443260-00443478 continually dismissed the accusations as
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01844-00443479-00443672 politically motivated Eritrea as a
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01845-00443674-00443862 one-party state in which national
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01846-00443863-00444000 legislative elections have been
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01847-00444001-00444300 repeatedly postponed according to Human
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01848-00444301-00444474 Rights Watch the government's human
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01849-00444475-00444635 rights record is considered among the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01850-00444637-00444849 worst in the world a prominent group of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01851-00444850-00445056 fifteen eretrians called the g15
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01852-00445057-00445289 including three cabinet members were
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01853-00445291-00445518 arrested in September 2001 after
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01854-00445518-00445674 publishing an open letter to the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01855-00445675-00445889 government and President Isaias of força
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01856-00445891-00446147 calling for democratic dialogue this
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01857-00446149-00446328 group and thousands of others who were
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01858-00446329-00446508 alleged to be affiliated with them are
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01859-00446509-00446727 imprisoned without legal charges hearing
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01860-00446728-00446943 trial and judgment since Eritrea is
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01861-00446943-00447270 conflict with Ethiopia in 1998 to 2001
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01862-00447271-00447477 the nation's human rights record has
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01863-00447478-00447692 been criticized at the United Nations
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01864-00447693-00447957 human rights violations are allegedly
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01865-00447958-00448139 often committed by the government or on
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01866-00448141-00448371 behalf of the government freedom of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01867-00448372-00448638 speech press assembly and Association
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01868-00448639-00448824 are limited those who practice
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01869-00448825-00449058 unregistered religions try to flee the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01870-00449059-00449262 nation or escape military duty are
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01871-00449263-00449532 arrested and put into prison during the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01872-00449533-00449808 aerotrain independence struggle in 1998
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01873-00449809-00450045 eritrane Ethiopian war many atrocities
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01874-00450046-00450230 were also committed by the Ethiopian
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01875-00450231-00450468 authorities against unarmed eritrane
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01876-00450468-00450849 civilians in June 2016 a 500-page United
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01877-00450850-00451050 Nations Human Rights Council report
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01878-00451051-00451152 accused Eritrea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01879-00451153-00451370 government of extrajudicial executions
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01880-00451371-00451626 torture indefinitely prolonged national
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01881-00451627-00451841 service and forced labor and indicated
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01882-00451842-00452049 that sexual harassment rape and sexual
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01883-00452050-00452250 servitude by state officials are also
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01884-00452251-00452531 widespread Barbara Locke pillar of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01885-00452532-00452697 European Parliament Subcommittee on
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01886-00452697-00452897 Human Rights said the report detailed
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01887-00452898-00453137 very serious human rights violations and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01888-00453138-00453347 asserted that EU funding for development
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01889-00453348-00453527 would not continue as at present without
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01890-00453528-00453818 change in Eritrea the aerotrain foreign
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01891-00453819-00454016 ministry responded by describing the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01892-00454017-00454268 commission's report as wild allegations
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01893-00454268-00454616 which were totally unfounded and devoid
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01894-00454617-00454904 of all merit several countries also
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01895-00454905-00455100 disputed the reports language and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01896-00455101-00455345 accuracy including the US and China all
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01897-00455346-00455618 eretrians aged between 18 and 40 years
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01898-00455619-00455814 must complete a mandatory national
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01899-00455814-00456027 service which includes military service
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01900-00456028-00456287 this requirement was implemented after
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01901-00456288-00456462 Eritrea gained independence from
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01902-00456463-00456708 Ethiopia as a means to protect Eritrea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01903-00456709-00456914 sovereignty to instill national pride
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01904-00456915-00457141 and to create a disciplined populace
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01905-00457142-00457427 Eritrea's national service requires long
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01906-00457428-00457622 indefinite conscription which some
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01907-00457623-00457818 eretrians leave the country in order to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01908-00457818-00458052 avoid in an attempt at reform aerotrain
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01909-00458053-00458216 government officials and NGO
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01910-00458217-00458529 representatives in 2006 participated in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01911-00458530-00458733 many public meetings and dialogues in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01912-00458734-00458933 these sessions they answered questions
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01913-00458934-00459229 as fundamental as what are human rights
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01914-00459230-00459556 who determines what are human rights and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01915-00459557-00459849 what should take precedence human or
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01916-00459850-00460200 communal rights in 2007 the aerotrain
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01917-00460201-00460410 government also banned female genital
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01918-00460410-00460679 mutilation in regional assemblies and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01919-00460680-00460914 religious circles era trains themselves
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01920-00460914-00461102 speak out continuously against the use
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01921-00461103-00461372 of female circumcision they cite health
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01922-00461373-00461589 concerns and individual freedom as being
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01923-00461589-00461818 of primary concern when they say this
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01924-00461819-00462054 furthermore they implore rural people's
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01925-00462055-00462222 to cast away this ancient cultural
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01926-00462222-00462549 practice in 2009 a movement called
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01927-00462550-00462729 citizens for democratic rights in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01928-00462730-00462891 Eritrea formed to create dialogue
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01929-00462892-00463079 between the government and political
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01930-00463080-00463320 opposition the group consists of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01931-00463321-00463529 ordinary citizens and some people close
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01932-00463530-00463929 to the government
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01933-00463930-00464375 topic media freedom
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01934-00464376-00464630 in its 2017 Press Freedom Index
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01935-00464631-00464849 reporters without borders ranked the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01936-00464850-00465041 media environment in Eritrea at the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01937-00465042-00465274 bottom of a list of 180 countries
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01938-00465275-00465659 according to the BBC Eritrea is the only
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01939-00465660-00465814 African country to have no
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01940-00465816-00466157 privately-owned news media and reporters
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01941-00466158-00466349 without borders said of the public media
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01942-00466350-00466597 they do nothing but relay the regime's
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01943-00466599-00466751 belligerent and ultra nationalist
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01944-00466752-00467020 discourse
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01945-00467021-00467272 not a single foreign correspondent now
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01946-00467273-00467393 lives in ameri
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01947-00467393-00467681 the state-owned news agency censors news
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01948-00467682-00467945 about external events independent media
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01949-00467946-00468179 have been banned since 2001 the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01950-00468180-00468377 aerotrain authorities had reportedly
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01951-00468378-00468560 imprisoned the fourth highest numbered
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01952-00468560-00469147 journalists after Turkey China and Egypt
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01953-00469148-00469618 topic healthcare
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01954-00469618-00469859 Eritrea has achieved significant
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01955-00469860-00470057 improvements in healthcare and is one of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01956-00470058-00470237 the few countries to be on target to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01957-00470238-00470402 meet its Millennium Development Goals
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01958-00470403-00470668 MDG for health in particular child
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01959-00470669-00470927 health life expectancy at birth
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01960-00470928-00471284 increased from 39.1 in 1960 to fifty
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01961-00471285-00471560 nine point five years in 2008 maternal
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01962-00471560-00471743 and child mortality rates dropped
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01963-00471743-00471866 dramatically and the health
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01964-00471867-00472163 infrastructure expanded due to Eritrea's
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01965-00472164-00472385 relative isolation information and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01966-00472385-00472604 resources are extremely limited and the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01967-00472605-00472943 World Health Organization w-h-o in 2008
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01968-00472943-00473147 found average life expectancy to be
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01969-00473147-00473504 slightly less than 63 years immunization
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01970-00473505-00473708 and child nutrition have been tackled by
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01971-00473709-00473930 working closely with schools in a multi
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01972-00473931-00474128 sectoral approach the number of children
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01973-00474129-00474341 vaccinated against measles almost
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01974-00474342-00474551 doubled in seven years from forty point
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01975-00474552-00474728 seven percent to seventy eight point
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01976-00474729-00474905 five percent and the prevalence of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01977-00474906-00475103 underweight children decreased by twelve
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01978-00475104-00475427 percent from 1995 to 2002 severe
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01979-00475428-00475730 underweight prevalence by 28 percent the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01980-00475731-00475945 National malaria protection unit of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01981-00475946-00476150 ministry of health registered reductions
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01982-00476151-00476393 in malaria mortality by as much as 85
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01983-00476393-00476603 percent and in the number of cases by
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01984-00476604-00477091 92% between 1998 and 2006 the aerotrain
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01985-00477092-00477287 government has banned female genital
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01986-00477288-00477554 mutilation FGM saying the practice was
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01987-00477555-00477731 painful and put women at risk of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01988-00477732-00477929 life-threatening health problems however
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01989-00477930-00478156 Eritrea still faces many challenges
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01990-00478157-00478388 although the number of physicians
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01991-00478389-00478808 increased from only 0.2 in 1993 to 0.5
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01992-00478809-00479110 in 2004 per 1000 people this is still
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01993-00479112-00479432 very low malaria and tuberculosis are
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01994-00479433-00479783 common HIV prevalence for ages 15 to 49
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01995-00479784-00480143 years exceeds 2% the fertility rate is
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01996-00480143-00480380 about 5 births per woman maternal
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01997-00480381-00480578 mortality dropped by more than half from
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01998-00480579-00480916 1995 to 2002 but is still high
+Y6AtiHP60bg-01999-00480917-00481139 similarly the number of births attended
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02000-00481139-00481366 by skilled health personnel doubled from
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02001-00481367-00481843 1995 to 2002 but still is only 28.3% a
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02002-00481844-00482095 major cause of death in newborns a
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02003-00482096-00482303 severe infection per capita expenditure
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02004-00482304-00482753 on health is low
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02005-00482754-00483274 topic education
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02006-00483275-00483517 there are five levels of education in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02007-00483518-00483775 eritrea pre primary primary middle
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02008-00483776-00484089 secondary and post-secondary there are
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02009-00484091-00484354 nearly 200 38,000 students in the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02010-00484355-00484593 primary middle and secondary levels of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02011-00484595-00484954 education there are approximately 824
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02012-00484955-00485137 schools to universities the University
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02013-00485138-00485422 of espera in the Eritrea Institute of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02014-00485422-00485656 Technology and several smaller colleges
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02015-00485657-00485956 and technical schools education in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02016-00485957-00486168 Eritrea is officially compulsory for
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02017-00486170-00486526 children aged 7 to 13 years however the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02018-00486527-00486712 education infrastructure is inadequate
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02019-00486713-00486993 to meet current needs statistics vary at
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02020-00486995-00487306 the elementary level suggesting that 65%
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02021-00487307-00487567 to 70% of school-aged children attend
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02022-00487568-00487888 primary school approximately 61% attend
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02023-00487889-00488193 secondary school student teacher ratios
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02024-00488195-00488470 are high 45 to 1 at the elementary level
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02025-00488471-00488806 and 54 to 1 at the secondary level class
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02026-00488807-00489127 sizes average 63 and 97 students per
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02027-00489128-00489274 classroom at the elementary and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02028-00489275-00489513 secondary school levels respectively
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02029-00489514-00489772 learning hours at school are often less
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02030-00489772-00490051 than 6 hours per day however the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02031-00490052-00490297 literacy rate is high for ages 18 to 24
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02032-00490297-00490756 years it is 92.6% for men and 87.7
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02033-00490757-00491083 percent for women 2008 to 2012 overall
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02034-00491084-00491389 literacy is 81 percent barriers to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02035-00491389-00491596 education in Eritrea include traditional
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02036-00491597-00491866 taboos school fees for registration and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02037-00491867-00492093 materials and the opportunity costs of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02038-00492095-00492518 low-income households
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02039-00492519-00493018 topic culture
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02040-00493018-00493252 one of the most recognizable parts of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02041-00493253-00493488 eritrane culture as the coffee ceremony
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02042-00493489-00493609 coffee
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02043-00493610-00493825 Jia's bun is offered when visiting
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02044-00493826-00494059 friends during festivities or as a daily
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02045-00494060-00494284 staple of life during the coffee
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02046-00494285-00494476 ceremony there are traditions that are
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02047-00494477-00494713 upheld the coffee is served in three
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02048-00494714-00494929 rounds the first brew or round is called
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02049-00494930-00495259 a well Integra meaning first the second
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02050-00495260-00495489 round is called Kalai meaning second and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02051-00495491-00495742 the third round is called Baraka meaning
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02052-00495743-00495964 to be blessed
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02053-00495966-00496218 traditional aerotrain attire is quite
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02054-00496218-00496377 varied among the ethnic groups of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02055-00496378-00496689 Eritrea in the larger cities most people
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02056-00496689-00496902 dress in western casual dress such as
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02057-00496903-00497220 jeans and shirts in offices both men and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02058-00497221-00497468 women often dress in suits a common
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02059-00497470-00497679 traditional clothing for Christian tigre
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02060-00497680-00497850 in Highlanders consists of bright white
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02061-00497851-00498057 gowns called suriya's for the women and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02062-00498058-00498231 a white shirts accompanied by white
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02063-00498232-00498464 pants for the man in Muslim communities
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02064-00498466-00498687 in the Eritrean Lolan the women
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02065-00498688-00498872 traditionally dress in brightly colored
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02066-00498874-00498947 clothes
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02067-00498947-00499214 besides convergent culinary tastes
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02068-00499216-00499413 eretrians share an appreciation for
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02069-00499414-00499641 similar music and lyrics jewelry and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02070-00499642-00499875 fragrances and tapestry and fabrics as
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02071-00499876-00500055 many other populations in the Horn
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02072-00500056-00500229 region the government has also given
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02073-00500230-00500472 priority to enrich and expand cultural
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02074-00500472-00500735 tourism through distinct activities even
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02075-00500737-00500943 though numerous activities related to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02076-00500943-00501054 the development of tourism
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02077-00501055-00501293 infrastructure are undertaken in Eritrea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02078-00501295-00501489 the most imperative activities are
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02079-00501489-00501729 festivals national holidays religious
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02080-00501730-00501930 ceremonies and organised visits to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02081-00501931-00502152 historical sites museums and natural
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02082-00502153-00502410 Heritage's different festivals and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02083-00502410-00502647 national holidays provide platform for
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02084-00502647-00502839 cultural shows of ethnic groups their
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02085-00502839-00503049 distinct ways of dressing traditional
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02086-00503050-00503292 songs dramas folklore poetry
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02087-00503293-00503499 craftsmanship traditional cuisines
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02088-00503500-00503829 vernacular architecture etc following
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02089-00503830-00504030 the capital of ausma being labelled a
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02090-00504031-00504213 world heritage site by the United
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02091-00504214-00504410 Nations education Social and Cultural
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02092-00504412-00504651 Organization UNESCO aerotrain
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02093-00504652-00504846 authorities decided to pursue a more
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02094-00504847-00505020 active approach in obtaining the same
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02095-00505021-00505239 status for other prominent locations at
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02096-00505239-00505521 this time cojito and a Dulles await
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02097-00505522-00505704 confirmation as UNESCO World Heritage
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02098-00505705-00506064 Sites
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02099-00506064-00506543 topic cuisine
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02100-00506543-00506792 a typical traditional eritrane dish
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02101-00506793-00506996 consists of injera accompanied by a
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02102-00506997-00507221 spicy stew which frequently includes
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02103-00507222-00507530 beef chicken lamb or fish overall
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02104-00507531-00507764 eritrane cuisine strongly resembles
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02105-00507764-00507929 those of neighboring Ethiopia Eritrea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02106-00507930-00508157 cooking tend to feature more seafood
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02107-00508158-00508339 than Ethiopian cuisine on account of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02108-00508341-00508622 their coastal location aerotrain dishes
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02109-00508622-00508934 are also frequently lighter in texture
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02110-00508935-00509207 than Ethiopian meals they likewise tend
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02111-00509208-00509375 to employ less seasoned butter and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02112-00509376-00509593 spices and more Tomatoes as in the SEBI
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02113-00509595-00509770 door HOH delicacy
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02114-00509771-00509975 additionally owing to its colonial
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02115-00509976-00510233 history cuisine in Eritrea features more
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02116-00510234-00510449 Italian influences than are present in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02117-00510450-00510683 Ethiopian cooking including more pasta
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02118-00510684-00510868 and greater use of curry powders in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02119-00510870-00511085 cumin the Italian aerotrain cuisine
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02120-00511085-00511241 started to be practiced during the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02121-00511242-00511414 colonial times of the Kingdom of Italy
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02122-00511416-00511646 when a large number of Italians moved to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02123-00511647-00511975 Eritrea they brought the use of pasta to
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02124-00511976-00512222 Italian Eritrea and it is one of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02125-00512222-00512476 main food even in present day Amara an
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02126-00512477-00512741 Italian aerotrain cuisine emerged and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02127-00512742-00512989 dishes common dishes are pasta al Sugo
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02128-00512991-00513242 II Berber which means pasta with tomato
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02129-00513243-00513554 sauce and Berber spice but there are
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02130-00513555-00513899 many more like lasagna and cotoletta
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02131-00513900-00514277 alla milanese Milano cutlet alongside so
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02132-00514278-00514508 ax people in Eritrea also tend to drink
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02133-00514509-00514760 coffee Mies is another popular local
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02134-00514760-00515287 alcoholic beverage made out of honey
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02135-00515288-00515722 topic music
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02136-00515724-00515964 Eritrea's ethnic groups each have their
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02137-00515964-00516150 own styles of music and accompanying
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02138-00516151-00516420 dances amongst the Tigrinya the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02139-00516421-00516627 best-known traditional musical genre is
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02140-00516628-00516893 the guala traditional instruments of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02141-00516895-00517139 eritrane folk music include the string k
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02142-00517141-00517439 ra r khabar o bajina mizenko and the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02143-00517441-00517650 Wada a distant rudimentary cousin of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02144-00517651-00517964 violin a popular Eritrean artist as the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02145-00517966-00518163 Tigrinya singer Helen Mellie's who is
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02146-00518164-00518352 noted for her powerful voice and wide
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02147-00518353-00518613 singing range other prominent local
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02148-00518614-00518820 musicians include the Kannamma singer
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02149-00518821-00519066 dahab faiths Inga Ruth Abraha Bereket
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02150-00519067-00519291 manga ste the dead Yamane Baria and the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02151-00519292-00519685 dead Abraham of Orca
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02152-00519685-00519975 topic sport
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02153-00519976-00520152 you
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02154-00520153-00520358 football and cycling are the most
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02155-00520359-00520626 popular sports in Eritrea in recent
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02156-00520627-00520856 years Eritrean athletes have also seen
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02157-00520857-00521060 increasing success in the international
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02158-00521061-00521414 arena personated sa an Eritrean athlete
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02159-00521415-00521612 currently holds the world record in half
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02160-00521613-00521868 marathon distance running the tour of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02161-00521868-00522102 Eritrea a multistage international
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02162-00522103-00522260 cycling event is held annually
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02163-00522261-00522510 throughout the country the Eritrean
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02164-00522510-00522735 national cycling team has experienced a
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02165-00522735-00522935 lot of success winning the continental
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02166-00522936-00523137 cycling championship several years in a
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02167-00523138-00523449 row six Eritrean riders have been signed
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02168-00523450-00523677 to international cycling teams including
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02169-00523678-00523910 NAT nel berhan and Daniel Tecla hymanot
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02170-00523910-00524172 berhan was named African sportsman of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02171-00524172-00524414 the year in 2013 while Tecla hymanot
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02172-00524415-00524597 became the first Eritrean to ride the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02173-00524598-00525012 Vuelta a Espana in 2012 in 2015 Tecla
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02174-00525013-00525170 hymanot won the king of the mountains
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02175-00525171-00525347 classification in the critérium du
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02176-00525348-00525618 dauphiné Tecla hymanot and fellow
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02177-00525619-00525866 aerotrain meroe kudus became the first
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02178-00525867-00526097 black cyclists from africa to compete in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02179-00526098-00526241 the Tour de France when they were
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02180-00526242-00526449 selected by the mountain kavika team for
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02181-00526450-00526779 the 2015 edition of the race in July of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02182-00526780-00526985 the Year Tecla hominid also became the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02183-00526986-00527195 first rider from an African team to wear
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02184-00527196-00527372 the polkadot Jersey at the Tour de
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02185-00527373-00527666 France the Eritrean national cycling
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02186-00527667-00527856 teams of both men and women are ranked
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02187-00527857-00528183 first on the continent in 2018 the men's
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02188-00528184-00528377 team one African continental road
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02189-00528378-00528720 championship golden medal in 2013 the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02190-00528721-00528900 women's team won the gold medal in the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02191-00528901-00529064 African continental cycling
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02192-00529065-00529260 championships for the first time and for
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02193-00529261-00529456 the second time in 2015
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02194-00529457-00529695 Eritrea was one of the few African
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02195-00529696-00529866 countries to have been represented at
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02196-00529867-00530139 2018 Winter Olympic Games by Eritrean
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02197-00530140-00530366 Canadian alpine skier Shannon Advani
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02198-00530367-00530712 Evita
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02199-00530713-00531241 topic see also
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02200-00531242-00531543 index of eritrea related articles
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02201-00531544-00532008 outline of Eritrea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02202-00532009-00532535 topic references
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02203-00532536-00533053 topic further reading
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02204-00533054-00533601 topic external links
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02205-00533602-00533832 government ministry of information of
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02206-00533833-00534183 Eritrea official government website Eri
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02207-00534184-00534483 TV news music movie and comedy from
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02208-00534484-00534873 Eritrea television Eritrea the World
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02209-00534874-00535205 Factbook Central Intelligence Agency
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02210-00535206-00535500 Eritrea web resources provided by gov
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02211-00535501-00535662 pubs at the University of Colorado
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02212-00535663-00536072 Boulder Libraries Eritrea at Curley
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02213-00536073-00536478 Eritrea profile from BBC news wikimedia
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02214-00536479-00536718 atlas of Eritrea the report of the
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02215-00536719-00536925 commission of inquiry on human rights in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02216-00536926-00537126 Eritrea United Nations Human Rights
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02217-00537127-00537473 Council report the 8th of June 2015
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02218-00537474-00537881 HRC e Human Rights concern Eritrea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02219-00537882-00538116 documentary on women's liberation in
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02220-00538117-00538410 Eritrea Tigrinya online learning with
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02221-00538411-00538659 numbers alphabet and history Eritrea and
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02222-00538660-00539046 North Ethiopia tigre province in Italian
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02223-00539047-00539400 furro via Eritrea Eritrea railway atlas
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02224-00539401-00539572 of Eritrea
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02225-00539573-00539920 in Italian about Eritrea key development
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02226-00539921-00540139 forecasts for Eritrea from international
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02227-00540140-00540388 futures magazine in Italian special
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02228-00540389-00540568 section about Eritrea from espresso
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02229-00540569-00540931 online magazine history of Eritrea first
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02230-00540932-00541171 recordings Hmong singer exploitation by
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02231-00541172-00541336 colonialism and fight against
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02232-00541337-00541588 colonialism Italy England Ethiopia
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02233-00541589-00541932 Soviet Union USA Israel independence
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02234-00541933-00542221 while we can learn from Eritrea the Cuba
+Y6AtiHP60bg-02235-00542222-00542902 of Africa 2014 point 0 521 counterpunch
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00000-00000504-00000759 this video is a mix of guiding and
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00001-00000760-00001079 commentary on a pvp match i did it's
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00002-00001080-00001407 just to give my thoughts on front lines
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00003-00001408-00001767 and how you might do better and not just
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00004-00001768-00002023 be dead weight just because i don't care
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00005-00002023-00002342 who wins or loses just to try and get
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00006-00002343-00002550 people thinking more about it and just
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00007-00002551-00002839 trying even if it's just not
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00008-00002840-00003047 putting all your effort in give it give
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00009-00003048-00003343 it a try which i'm i'm trying to do this
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00010-00003344-00003654 video this is also a test of new editing
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00011-00003655-00003799 software so
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00012-00003800-00004086 hopefully that goes well and i'll see it
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00013-00004087-00004283 for the ninja
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00014-00004284-00004535 video all right so this is gonna be a
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00015-00004536-00004815 bit of a different video this one i'm
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00016-00004816-00005006 going to be going over
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00017-00005007-00005254 a single run of front lines that i did
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00018-00005255-00005559 that i was extremely happy with that
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00019-00005560-00005847 i'm i want to try and get people to
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00020-00005848-00006022 think more about front lines when
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00021-00006023-00006183 they're doing it because people go in
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00022-00006184-00006454 and say like oh i'm just here to win or
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00023-00006455-00006670 lose i don't care and it's like
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00024-00006672-00006895 it's unfair to everyone you're playing
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00025-00006895-00007214 with if you're not trying at all because
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00026-00007215-00007495 some people just do not try they just go
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00027-00007495-00007598 around
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00028-00007600-00007846 other people just
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00029-00007847-00008174 do not understand front lines to begin
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00030-00008175-00008391 with and it's something i've seen a
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00031-00008392-00008551 bunch of
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00032-00008552-00008807 and just figured you know give my take
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00033-00008808-00008974 on front lines this is going to be sort
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00034-00008975-00009206 of a guide about what i've been doing
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00035-00009207-00009335 and showing off
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00036-00009336-00009614 how i react to different things and
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00037-00009615-00009895 my attempts to lead groups and all that
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00038-00009896-00010278 this is onsol hakir or hakir i'm not how
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00039-00010279-00010351 you
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00040-00010352-00010446 whatever
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00041-00010447-00010542 uh
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00042-00010543-00010863 and so this this the goal of this one is
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00043-00010864-00011303 to go around go to ovus that spawn click
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00044-00011304-00011567 them to capture them and then get out
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00045-00011568-00011751 it's just
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00046-00011752-00011935 capture the point and then you're done
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00047-00011936-00012183 you don't have to protect point
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00048-00012184-00012383 it's not king of the hill it's not any
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00049-00012384-00012703 of the other modes this one is purely
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00050-00012704-00012886 get the point and then you're done you
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00051-00012887-00013158 can leave it or you can leave it alone
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00052-00013159-00013351 so this is the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00053-00013352-00013686 most objective based of all the front
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00054-00013687-00013822 lines
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00055-00013823-00014103 but i want to also stress this before we
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00056-00014104-00014511 get in kills are not the important part
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00057-00014512-00014727 of front lines the only one where i
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00058-00014728-00014991 would say kills are the big important
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00059-00014991-00015094 part
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00060-00015095-00015358 is carte no flats borderland ruins
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00061-00015359-00015783 because there's very little actual uh
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00062-00015784-00016030 fighting for objectives like that's
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00063-00016031-00016238 where the fights take place when taking
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00064-00016240-00016503 the little bases on the outside and some
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00065-00016504-00016686 skirmishes in the middle for the robots
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00066-00016687-00016839 but
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00067-00016840-00017103 even then objectives are what make the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00068-00017104-00017375 game if you dominate middle you're
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00069-00017376-00017630 mostly going to dominate the entire game
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00070-00017631-00017855 but again that one kind of leans a lot
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00071-00017856-00018103 more towards kills but frontlines in
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00072-00018104-00018214 general
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00073-00018215-00018455 is about these objectives
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00074-00018456-00018647 not killing
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00075-00018648-00018935 kills for are for a purpose
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00076-00018936-00019214 not for kills themselves you don't kill
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00077-00019215-00019391 just to kill there's going to be
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00078-00019392-00019591 exceptions where it's like i see this
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00079-00019592-00019775 guy out in the middle of the field
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00080-00019776-00020014 they're in a bad position it's a free
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00081-00020015-00020103 kill
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00082-00020104-00020303 go for it but if you have to chase them
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00083-00020304-00020647 halfway across the area just for a kill
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00084-00020648-00020799 if you're putting yourself in needless
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00085-00020800-00020950 danger for a kill
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00086-00020951-00021111 don't do it but
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00087-00021112-00021319 let's go through this and talk more
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00088-00021320-00022247 about it in a moment
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00089-00022248-00022430 all right so i have my map open in the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00090-00022431-00022614 top right at the very beginning of every
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00091-00022615-00022847 match just to see where all the nodes
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00092-00022848-00022927 are
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00093-00022928-00023158 so we got a lot in the maelstrom side
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00094-00023159-00023367 none in adders so i go over here to see
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00095-00023368-00023558 if addis is just rushing mid it looks
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00096-00023559-00023663 like a bunch of them are going to the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00097-00023664-00023927 bridge so i defect to mid
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00098-00023928-00024078 and so mid
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00099-00024079-00024375 i call mid a honey pot because watch
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00100-00024376-00024542 what happens things are going to get
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00101-00024543-00024814 very messy very quickly with this mid i
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00102-00024815-00025047 go mid just to bait out a little bit
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00103-00025048-00025278 and then all of attis starts pouring in
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00104-00025279-00025478 they got about the same number of people
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00105-00025479-00025670 as we do then maelstrom's starting to
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00106-00025672-00025855 come in behind the map you can't really
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00107-00025856-00026031 see them but now you can start seeing
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00108-00026032-00026190 them appear on the map there's two male
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00109-00026191-00026487 strum the oval's there i go out just to
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00110-00026488-00026727 bait some damage because i i know how to
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00111-00026727-00026958 do let me let me pause today so you're
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00112-00026960-00027102 going to see me do a lot of tactics like
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00113-00027104-00027270 that where if you could see my health
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00114-00027272-00027718 down here barely that it's a 5300
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00115-00027719-00028023 okay so 5300 health uh
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00116-00028024-00028287 i took a lot of damage there but you see
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00117-00028288-00028495 that i have medical kits on my bar
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00118-00028495-00028590 because
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00119-00028591-00028887 i play a very dangerous game that you
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00120-00028888-00029070 probably shouldn't try to emulate
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00121-00029072-00029239 because that is
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00122-00029239-00029399 you could also see one of my healers
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00123-00029400-00029527 ended up dead i don't know where they
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00124-00029527-00029751 went if they were in mid and got super
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00125-00029752-00029958 focused down the other heel is weak and
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00126-00029960-00030214 they have to try and save themselves
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00127-00030216-00030495 basically i took a huge risk there
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00128-00030495-00030646 because i had
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00129-00030647-00030967 no backup do not try to emulate that i
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00130-00030968-00031262 make some very stupid plays that usually
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00131-00031263-00031487 work out they usually work out just
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00132-00031488-00031727 because i'm i've done a lot of front
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00133-00031727-00031855 lines i can
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00134-00031856-00032135 usually figure out how much people are
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00135-00032136-00032358 going to focus someone out of line and
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00136-00032360-00032639 it's usually not too bad i do sometimes
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00137-00032639-00032918 get myself killed doing that but don't
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00138-00032919-00033062 try to emulate that that's just
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00139-00033063-00033390 generally a bad idea
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00140-00033391-00033607 that's how i fall and
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00141-00033608-00033918 i figure okay middle is lost so i'm
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00142-00033919-00034127 going to call in chat because you could
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00143-00034128-00034318 see all of maelstroms there too you
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00144-00034319-00034511 could see maelstrom's all in the middle
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00145-00034512-00034727 ad is all piling in the middle
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00146-00034728-00035015 and that's the only node left so i back
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00147-00035016-00035246 up and start talking in chat get out of
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00148-00035247-00035560 mid get out of mid everyone out of mid
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00149-00035561-00035687 [Music]
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00150-00035688-00035823 you could hear the sound effect that was
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00151-00035824-00036046 me popping a sound effect to say hey go
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00152-00036047-00036279 to this flag
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00153-00036280-00036479 because now i'm saying go here because
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00154-00036480-00036671 square ones are worth a lot of points
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00155-00036672-00037127 and male had three nodes down here so
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00156-00037128-00037318 basically we want to focus on male to
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00157-00037319-00037495 start they're our big competition
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00158-00037496-00037743 because addis had a really bad start and
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00159-00037744-00037943 so everyone basically spread out to get
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00160-00037944-00038215 individual nodes wall adders and mail
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00161-00038216-00038462 are let me pause it so
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00162-00038463-00038655 addis and mail
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00163-00038656-00038783 are middle
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00164-00038784-00039030 both teams are middle so basically all
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00165-00039031-00039311 of this is technically our territory so
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00166-00039312-00039615 from like here down to here is our
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00167-00039616-00039967 territory here to here is maelstrom
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00168-00039968-00040230 territory and here to here is added
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00169-00040231-00040623 territory so this is adder and mail or
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00170-00040624-00040846 flame shared territory this is
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00171-00040847-00041190 male and flame shared territory
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00172-00041191-00041462 both of those seem super safe especially
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00173-00041463-00041630 this one because it's with more points
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00174-00041631-00041727 because
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00175-00041728-00041918 everyone is middle
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00176-00041919-00042174 a big thing with front lines is not
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00177-00042175-00042495 total situational awareness and more of
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00178-00042496-00042735 just look at where all the triangles are
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00179-00042736-00043007 or where all the dots are is all of your
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00180-00043008-00043318 team over here fighting with
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00181-00043319-00043527 a billion other triangles that are
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00182-00043528-00043646 yellow and red
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00183-00043647-00043974 it's probably safe to be down here all
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00184-00043975-00044174 alone it's probably safe to be up here
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00185-00044175-00044351 all alone granted i don't know what
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00186-00044352-00044567 actually is going on up here
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00187-00044568-00044790 so there could be actually people in
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00188-00044791-00044990 danger in fighting but given that it
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00189-00044991-00045183 turned blue meaning it's going to be
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00190-00045184-00045439 captured
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00191-00045440-00045655 at any moment it's uh
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00192-00045656-00045887 probably safe up there
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00193-00045888-00046087 what less important is
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00194-00046088-00046439 total situational awareness and more
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00195-00046440-00046695 arena just know how the whole field of
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00196-00046696-00046830 looking is looking
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00197-00046831-00047151 just in number of dots do you see a lot
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00198-00047152-00047455 of dots if you see a lot of dots you
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00199-00047456-00047662 know where everyone
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00200-00047663-00047999 isn't because i see a lot of dots middle
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00201-00048000-00048302 everywhere else is free game
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00202-00048303-00048639 so all of these for us are free game
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00203-00048640-00048911 so us abandoning middle
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00204-00048912-00049167 gets us four
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00205-00049168-00049743 four nodes
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00206-00049744-00050039 there's two of them
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00207-00050040-00050167 there's three
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00208-00050168-00050351 and then there's four
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00209-00050352-00050527 all those
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00210-00050528-00050758 all because everyone went to the honey
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00211-00050759-00050862 pot
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00212-00050863-00051055 i shouted for everyone to abandon middle
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00213-00051056-00051270 i don't know i can't say for sure how
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00214-00051271-00051446 much everyone was listening to my
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00215-00051447-00051630 leading and i had it blocked just
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00216-00051632-00051814 because private chats also going during
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00217-00051815-00052070 that time so i can't say how much
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00218-00052071-00052302 everyone was actively listening to me
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00219-00052303-00052479 and my pings
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00220-00052479-00052823 but the fact that we did all globally
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00221-00052824-00053103 leave mid
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00222-00053104-00053391 got us four free nodes will those two
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00223-00053391-00053623 fought it out and potentially regaining
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00224-00053624-00053847 nothing
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00225-00053848-00054047 all just for it to end up going to mail
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00226-00054048-00054230 at the very end of it and then they're
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00227-00054232-00054463 starting to push into added territory
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00228-00054464-00054719 meaning their territory is kind of
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00229-00054720-00054975 free at the moment so that little guy we
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00230-00054976-00055071 maybe
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00231-00055072-00055271 this guy's oh wait no that was one of
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00232-00055272-00055430 our guys never mind so now we're just
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00233-00055432-00055750 waiting for nodes to change we don't
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00234-00055751-00056007 so again i want to stress this again
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00235-00056008-00056359 kills are not important really
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00236-00056360-00056647 most of us let me just go back notice
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00237-00056648-00056903 where all of us are we're re some of us
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00238-00056904-00057182 are retreating from over here but
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00239-00057183-00057382 generally we got a few people here
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00240-00057383-00057535 fighting adders when they could leave
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00241-00057536-00057750 they could very easily leave but most of
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00242-00057751-00057991 us are right here near the middle but
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00243-00057991-00058071 not
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00244-00058072-00058423 actively really going at people because
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00245-00058424-00058623 there's no nodes to get
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00246-00058624-00058894 kills are not going to really get us
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00247-00058895-00059038 anywhere unless we're picking off
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00248-00059039-00059238 stragglers here or there and there are
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00249-00059239-00059454 no real stragglers anywhere except for
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00250-00059455-00059654 like maybe these two adders
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00251-00059655-00059847 and then we got the next round of nodes
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00252-00059848-00060038 so we could get that one we can get the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00253-00060039-00060247 bridge we could go down here for these
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00254-00060248-00060471 and the met the these are all dangerous
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00255-00060472-00060679 because that is kind of at his territory
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00256-00060679-00060919 but people rush it so that pretty much
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00257-00060920-00061111 ends up being ours and then i move the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00258-00061112-00061206 screen
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00259-00061207-00061479 maelstrom is still a little bit ahead
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00260-00061479-00061766 and then they got really good spawns
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00261-00061767-00061935 so now i'm here just trying to call out
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00262-00061936-00062166 things to people like hey do this do
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00263-00062167-00062326 that
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00264-00062327-00062591 watch out mail has a lead we're gonna
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00265-00062591-00063047 have to focus nail
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00266-00063048-00063230 and so we come up here in the mail just
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00267-00063232-00063366 to quick grab
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00268-00063367-00063671 this node
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00269-00063672-00063823 the one note just because they're all
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00270-00063824-00064023 over here we got some people distracting
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00271-00064024-00064287 them most everyone is up here so
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00272-00064288-00064438 our little contingent that came down
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00273-00064439-00064726 here took a huge risk and then you got
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00274-00064727-00064935 people chasing that guy that was a bad
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00275-00064936-00065175 idea
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00276-00065176-00065382 and then just as i'm about to get it
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00277-00065383-00065631 everyone comes in
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00278-00065632-00065799 those people maybe we could have gotten
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00279-00065800-00066038 the node if instead of chasing that guy
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00280-00066039-00066247 over on the left here
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00281-00066248-00066406 maybe we would have been fine if they
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00282-00066407-00066591 just delayed
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00283-00066592-00066806 a little bit to get that node but then i
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00284-00066807-00067103 leave i'm spamming potions
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00285-00067104-00067438 they don't they are chasing me but they
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00286-00067439-00067775 chased me so far into our territory
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00287-00067776-00067950 they end up swapping targets to them who
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00288-00067951-00068111 nearly died
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00289-00068112-00068279 okay so now we're
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00290-00068280-00068503 the situation has changed the situation
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00291-00068504-00068887 has changed again maelstrom big lead
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00292-00068888-00069111 but we got a node right here towards the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00293-00069112-00069335 middle and one on the outside and more
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00294-00069336-00069599 the shared territory and some free game
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00295-00069600-00069887 here in adders that for some reason one
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00296-00069888-00070111 or two adders decide to just push really
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00297-00070112-00070463 far in so again this is a kill you want
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00298-00070464-00070735 this is kill this is a free kill they
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00299-00070736-00070950 buy themselves deep in your territory
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00300-00070951-00071255 take it don't chase into enemy territory
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00301-00071256-00071503 just for a kill that's why we lost that
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00302-00071504-00071999 node when we basically almost had it
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00303-00072000-00072326 but now we're all just sent it here
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00304-00072327-00072543 taking a unified front i'm saying we're
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00305-00072544-00072694 losing we're going to lose to mail we
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00306-00072695-00072935 have to push a unified front
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00307-00072936-00073247 so now we have to more push mail so most
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00308-00073248-00073438 of us end up coming down here while the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00309-00073439-00073750 other half stay up here and fight mail
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00310-00073751-00073935 we push them back because they didn't
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00311-00073936-00074199 have many people
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00312-00074200-00074359 and then this is where the game start
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00313-00074360-00074582 gonna start getting interesting male's
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00314-00074583-00074735 been pushed back
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00315-00074736-00074975 once again we got these two nodes now we
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00316-00074976-00075199 can start pushing north
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00317-00075200-00075359 that has already got it so we could just
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00318-00075360-00075671 grab this one so we can all just run
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00319-00075672-00076015 here push a unified front and just take
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00320-00076016-00076119 it
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00321-00076120-00076343 and i advise don't get mid mid's
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00322-00076344-00076599 probably a bad idea we we're gonna we're
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00323-00076600-00076806 gonna feed if we go mid just because you
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00324-00076807-00077006 could see there's a bunch of adders look
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00325-00077007-00077167 how big a group there is there's all the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00326-00077168-00077279 male
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00327-00077280-00077535 middle is once again probably just a
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00328-00077536-00077775 honeypot oh look another note in our
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00329-00077776-00078047 territory take that node
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00330-00078048-00078223 but i start running the mid to like hey
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00331-00078224-00078438 let's see if i can try and help people
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00332-00078439-00078767 escape this looks like a pretty pretty
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00333-00078768-00079055 addis one situation they're all piling
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00334-00079056-00079150 in mid
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00335-00079151-00079391 hey let's get out let's get out
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00336-00079392-00079582 because we have like a very look at how
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00337-00079583-00079831 many people are back here
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00338-00079832-00079982 and how many people we actually have in
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00339-00079983-00080343 mid compared to the number of adders
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00340-00080344-00080526 but somehow
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00341-00080527-00080759 they they we turned the tide against
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00342-00080760-00080919 them because i guess addis was super
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00343-00080920-00081171 focused on maelstrom because
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00344-00081172-00081582 123 versus 566.
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00345-00081583-00081847 we turn the tide somehow so i say oh
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00346-00081848-00082103 never mind push mid when i start running
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00347-00082104-00082182 away
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00348-00082183-00082311 or when i start running away i'm like
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00349-00082312-00082615 okay fine push mid good job you somehow
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00350-00082616-00082894 took it i don't know how addis really
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00351-00082895-00083111 should have been just all here
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00352-00083112-00083191 but
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00353-00083192-00083543 hey friovu
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00354-00083544-00083782 so we ended up somehow taking mid
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00355-00083783-00083943 despite it being
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00356-00083944-00084082 generally a
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00357-00084083-00084335 honeypot i don't know why lb there it
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00358-00084336-00084518 got me battle high 3
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00359-00084519-00084718 which i want to notice remember i
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00360-00084719-00084967 started this saying don't fight
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00361-00084968-00085287 don't worry about kills i have 64 points
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00362-00085288-00085550 of battle high all while saying that
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00363-00085551-00085743 we'll get we'll we'll further explore
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00364-00085744-00085894 that more at the end
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00365-00085895-00086135 but i see our team pushing into there so
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00366-00086136-00086343 i say hey get back get back come back
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00367-00086344-00086518 don't push don't push
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00368-00086519-00086703 worry about objectives
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00369-00086704-00086991 and look at that there comes maelstrom
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00370-00086992-00087150 to try and punish them
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00371-00087151-00087503 and then this appears
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00372-00087504-00087703 i say everyone to go there because that
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00373-00087704-00087842 one's super important
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00374-00087843-00087991 [Music]
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00375-00087992-00088182 i stay here because
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00376-00088183-00088399 easier to protect it's more in our
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00377-00088400-00088623 territory but there are a few stragglers
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00378-00088624-00088855 so i figure i also want ovu points
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00379-00088856-00089079 because achievement but generally it's
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00380-00089080-00089287 good to keep a small tiny contingent
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00381-00089288-00089471 here but eventually see
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00382-00089472-00089679 okay there's nobody coming you can all
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00383-00089680-00089959 go but people stay anyway just to like
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00384-00089960-00090079 i don't know if they're also trying to
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00385-00090080-00090150 get
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00386-00090151-00090494 points so i leave
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00387-00090495-00090679 but then i come back like oh wait no
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00388-00090680-00090799 people might be
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00389-00090800-00091023 oh i know that's what happened was
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00390-00091024-00091238 i get on to be like okay i'm gonna go
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00391-00091239-00091438 protect this one but then it got
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00392-00091439-00091615 captured
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00393-00091616-00091775 we got it so then i immediately come
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00394-00091776-00092079 back to here like okay no never mind
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00395-00092080-00092350 so that is a bit of actual like hey you
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00396-00092351-00092518 don't need situational awareness
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00397-00092519-00092718 entirely
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00398-00092719-00092887 you just need to watch for the dots
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00399-00092888-00092982 because
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00400-00092983-00093182 let's go back a little bit
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00401-00093183-00093343 through that whole thing of me just
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00402-00093344-00093623 standing here
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00403-00093624-00093782 i'm worried about getting these two
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00404-00093783-00094023 nodes we put up a tiny little frontal
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00405-00094024-00094182 offensive in case anyone comes through
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00406-00094183-00094350 mid
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00407-00094351-00094494 here's all the male
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00408-00094495-00094782 all of adder is down here
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00409-00094783-00095062 to that's a triangle triangles are the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00410-00095063-00095367 worst node squares are worth more and
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00411-00095368-00095591 then pentagons are worth the most
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00412-00095592-00095743 so
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00413-00095744-00095959 all added is here there's a few male and
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00414-00095960-00096318 adders in the middle but most everyone
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00415-00096319-00096518 is all the way over here you can see all
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00416-00096519-00096679 these triangles over here you can see
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00417-00096680-00096935 one triangle battling our allies
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00418-00096936-00097191 actual at the node that was important
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00419-00097192-00097382 well everyone is just all the way over
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00420-00097383-00097655 here you don't need complete situational
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00421-00097656-00097862 awareness you just need to see where the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00422-00097863-00098038 bigger grouping of triangles are if
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00423-00098039-00098294 there are any and what do you know
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00424-00098295-00098679 giant grouping of triangles
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00425-00098680-00099216 means a free game for us
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00426-00099217-00099638 [Music]
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00427-00099639-00100079 here i don't remember what i was doing
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00428-00100080-00100271 i might have been like rallying the team
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00429-00100272-00100415 because
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00430-00100416-00100623 after that look at the points hold on i
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00431-00100624-00101055 mean
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00432-00101056-00101231 you can barely see it in the top right
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00433-00101232-00101311 but
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00434-00101312-00101518 mail is at 550
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00435-00101519-00101806 we're over at 1100 now we have we passed
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00436-00101807-00102047 1100 with that move alone
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00437-00102048-00102215 so i'm was probably rallying the team
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00438-00102216-00102374 like hey good job guys we turned this
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00439-00102375-00102558 around we're doing really good
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00440-00102559-00102775 keep pushing maelstrom a little bit but
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00441-00102776-00103006 don't don't chase
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00442-00103007-00103230 which i go in here to be like hey guys
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00443-00103231-00103527 fall back fall back i tried i try to go
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00444-00103528-00103951 in be like hey fall back
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00445-00103952-00104334 just try and be a defensive measure
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00446-00104335-00104510 i don't know why i went that deep in i
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00447-00104511-00104647 didn't need to go that deep in just
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00448-00104648-00104886 because bard
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00449-00104888-00105199 but i figured like hey watch me go in
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00450-00105200-00105390 and then watch me run away
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00451-00105391-00105575 you don't need to be this far in run
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00452-00105576-00105743 away that might have been what i was
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00453-00105744-00106063 trying
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00454-00106064-00106199 also through that whole thing you
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00455-00106200-00106358 probably missed it well i was talking
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00456-00106359-00106631 about all that in the middle our team
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00457-00106632-00106758 rushed mid
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00458-00106759-00107207 and immediately took one of these
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00459-00107208-00107415 like i guess because our little bit of a
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00460-00107416-00107631 defensive was distracting maelstrom
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00461-00107632-00107839 addis is still over here for some reason
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00462-00107840-00108086 i don't know why
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00463-00108088-00108639 but that gave us a free middle as well
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00464-00108640-00108927 but so now i'm trying to direct people
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00465-00108928-00109166 like okay we're at the back of the half
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00466-00109167-00109375 of the game i need to focus our
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00467-00109376-00109663 direction we need to definitely just
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00468-00109664-00110054 focus specific things
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00469-00110055-00110183 so i
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00470-00110183-00110399 put the flag here like hey this one's
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00471-00110400-00110639 free let's go grab it
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00472-00110640-00110847 we need to get that
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00473-00110848-00111158 go go go just everyone stick together
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00474-00111159-00111343 then i noticed that there were people in
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00475-00111344-00111551 the middle so i decided like let's go
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00476-00111552-00111734 try and help then i notice that there's
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00477-00111735-00111966 four of them so i run away
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00478-00111967-00112166 because i'm not doing a 1v4 that's just
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00479-00112167-00112295 a bad idea
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00480-00112296-00112502 so i you you saw me stop here for a
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00481-00112503-00112647 moment
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00482-00112648-00112847 watch this again
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00483-00112848-00113054 i stopped here for a moment just to say
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00484-00113055-00113327 addis is pushing us watch out watch our
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00485-00113328-00113495 flank
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00486-00113496-00113695 and then here comes all the artists here
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00487-00113696-00113902 as well so they're pushing us on the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00488-00113903-00114095 side they're pushing us from the front
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00489-00114096-00114383 we're being some
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00490-00114383-00114682 here
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00491-00114683-00115215 [Music]
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00492-00115216-00115366 you could hear me chat twice a day one
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00493-00115367-00115727 to say adders is pushing us on the side
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00494-00115728-00115927 and one that we need to get back to the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00495-00115928-00116143 flag in our base
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00496-00116144-00116351 because i mean it's deep in our base we
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00497-00116352-00116486 need this one
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00498-00116488-00116639 we don't need to fight the male the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00499-00116640-00116902 adders we have a huge lead don't bother
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00500-00116903-00117119 fighting them take the point take the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00501-00117120-00117263 free point
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00502-00117264-00117423 that's what matters
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00503-00117424-00117623 we're so close to victory we just need a
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00504-00117624-00117886 couple more of these
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00505-00117888-00118143 and you saw we actually went below 1300
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00506-00118144-00118366 just because addis
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00507-00118367-00118543 overflowed the people who were staying
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00508-00118544-00118647 there
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00509-00118648-00118919 that was a bad idea
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00510-00118920-00119078 don't stay because you're gonna get
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00511-00119079-00119343 overwhelmed eventually you have to
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00512-00119344-00119639 present a unified front don't spread out
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00513-00119640-00119863 unless everyone else is spread out if
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00514-00119864-00120078 adders were all spread out it would have
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00515-00120079-00120231 been fine but they were all basically
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00516-00120232-00120527 here and now some are here in our base
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00517-00120528-00120783 some are over fighting maelstrom
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00518-00120783-00120990 in their territory for some reason don't
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00519-00120991-00121223 know what male is doing but so we got
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00520-00121224-00121527 enemies here enemies here and a bunch of
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00521-00121528-00121743 enemies down here at the node that i
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00522-00121744-00121983 directed everyone to go to which with a
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00523-00121983-00122143 unified front
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00524-00122144-00122510 if everyone in our team is here this is
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00525-00122511-00122902 nothing if 24 against this is nothing
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00526-00122903-00123078 this up here this is enough for me to
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00527-00123079-00123358 know we got this if everyone comes down
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00528-00123359-00123502 here
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00529-00123503-00123686 what few people are staying behind
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00530-00123688-00123847 fighting the adders
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00531-00123848-00124086 we'll be fine
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00532-00124088-00124286 it's it would basically be even and
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00533-00124288-00124566 we're doing a lot of damage
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00534-00124567-00124702 we're doing we're doing pretty good so
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00535-00124703-00124934 okay so i got battle high four there
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00536-00124935-00125231 with a kill somehow
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00537-00125232-00125486 but now the ovo is here you saw that i
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00538-00125488-00125758 was fighting but i back up here to go
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00539-00125759-00126158 get the ovu because this is actually
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00540-00126159-00126414 attempt at a strategy that
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00541-00126415-00126719 tends not to be really
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00542-00126720-00126919 needed but sometimes it's worth it
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00543-00126920-00127190 because i'm being targeted a lot i see
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00544-00127191-00127510 this what if i go back up to the uvu and
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00545-00127511-00127878 just be bait so that these two can
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00546-00127879-00128102 actually get the uvu
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00547-00128103-00128375 they stop attacking me and i end up
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00548-00128376-00128566 getting the ovu myself
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00549-00128567-00128751 don't know how but
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00550-00128752-00128927 it worked out like that
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00551-00128928-00129086 so it was actually a good idea for me to
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00552-00129088-00129239 do that because
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00553-00129240-00129439 i i think the reaper actually hit the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00554-00129440-00129599 other two
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00555-00129600-00129831 that were trying to get the uvu so me
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00556-00129832-00130095 backing up was a good call because also
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00557-00130096-00130351 what's gonna happen here is maelstrom's
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00558-00130352-00130607 no longer up here they're all respawning
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00559-00130608-00130799 because they got killed by adders now
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00560-00130800-00130990 they're going to start funneling in and
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00561-00130991-00131143 they're going to completely roll us so
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00562-00131144-00131390 i'm going to type in chat right now
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00563-00131391-00131583 leave maelstrom's going to murder us
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00564-00131584-00131678 leave
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00565-00131679-00131999 and we're at 1400 points we have
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00566-00132000-00132175 more than double
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00567-00132176-00132407 the maelstrom almost more than double
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00568-00132408-00132687 we're we're super far ahead
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00569-00132688-00132935 this is where the entire match is going
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00570-00132936-00133223 to take a turn because rather than super
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00571-00133224-00133527 focusing on kills
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00572-00133528-00133755 we focused objectives
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00573-00133756-00133975 [Music]
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00574-00133976-00134135 so i'm going to just
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00575-00134136-00134278 pot shot here and there while trying to
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00576-00134279-00134423 get everyone to flee
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00577-00134424-00134814 i hit bolt to just get out of the way
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00578-00134815-00135031 and then i flee and what few people stay
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00579-00135032-00135454 behind they're gonna die
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00580-00135455-00135711 so i'm going to just type and chat hey
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00581-00135712-00135983 we need to fall back everyone get here
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00582-00135984-00136271 everyone fall back to our base
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00583-00136272-00136495 and there was a ping in the chat to hey
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00584-00136496-00136687 fall back so
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00585-00136688-00136951 i'm gonna spam in chat go here go here
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00586-00136952-00137111 we need to get this
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00587-00137112-00137375 unified front unified front we have to
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00588-00137376-00137590 all stick together take one note at a
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00589-00137591-00137951 time we're going to push adders back
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00590-00137952-00138175 get a bunch of kills there just to get
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00591-00138176-00138319 rid of them get them out of our base
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00592-00138320-00138551 while we go to there but then also
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00593-00138552-00138687 maelstrom's coming in they're starting
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00594-00138688-00138839 to pincher us
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00595-00138840-00138990 because we're not a unified front
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00596-00138991-00139199 because a bunch of people were dead from
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00597-00139200-00139495 this encounter in the south still so
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00598-00139496-00139639 as people were
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00599-00139640-00139823 getting killed from maelstrom they
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00600-00139824-00140007 started respawning but a lot of people
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00601-00140008-00140223 were still dead so while most of our
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00602-00140224-00140463 people are here pushing back matters
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00603-00140464-00140678 getting ready to push back mail
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00604-00140679-00140839 we're still behind a good number of
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00605-00140840-00141095 people so now adders are fighting us
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00606-00141096-00141278 maelstrom is fighting us
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00607-00141279-00141478 and now we're being pinched for the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00608-00141479-00141671 entire rest of the match this entire the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00609-00141672-00141863 entire rest of the match
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00610-00141864-00142023 is going to be combat
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00611-00142024-00142319 we are not going to get any real pushes
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00612-00142320-00142575 for objectives for the entire rest of
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00613-00142576-00142790 the time
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00614-00142791-00143063 remember that we got more than double we
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00615-00143064-00143271 got to double the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00616-00143272-00143526 of mail strum after they had an early
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00617-00143527-00143799 lead of like 300 points just from
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00618-00143800-00144071 focusing objectives that hey
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00619-00144072-00144247 everyone's off fighting in the corners
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00620-00144248-00144343 of the map
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00621-00144344-00144519 take all these easy stuff take all the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00622-00144520-00144935 easy stuff
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00623-00144936-00145063 i don't know i
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00624-00145064-00145214 i also don't know how i got this
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00625-00145215-00145454 summoner there was a healer right around
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00626-00145455-00145695 there or did they did they leave
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00627-00145696-00146078 that's oh it was a black mage
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00628-00146079-00146223 yeah somehow
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00629-00146224-00146463 they went in without any healers
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00630-00146464-00146671 anywhere yeah i'm not seeing any healers
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00631-00146672-00146926 anywhere that's a red mage
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00632-00146927-00147151 maybe one of them is a healer maybe the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00633-00147152-00147366 cactar is a healer
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00634-00147367-00147583 but they just ran in and gave me free
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00635-00147584-00147766 battle high five
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00636-00147767-00147943 and i took their so that was actually a
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00637-00147944-00148111 good number of points for us in that
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00638-00148112-00148199 kill
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00639-00148200-00148447 because they were just so focused on
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00640-00148448-00148647 killing that's the thing that's the big
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00641-00148648-00148847 thing with that i want to focus on now
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00642-00148848-00148959 with
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00643-00148960-00149143 again with this is going to be all about
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00644-00149144-00149319 killing basically for the rest of the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00645-00149320-00149735 match this summoner had battle high five
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00646-00149736-00149999 they do more damage and they get healed
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00647-00150000-00150199 for more
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00648-00150200-00150511 they ran so far into our territory so
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00649-00150512-00150783 focused on killing us that they ended up
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00650-00150784-00151039 getting themselves killed and getting us
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00651-00151040-00151254 a lot of points well not a lot of points
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00652-00151255-00151463 so
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00653-00151464-00151663 i'm gonna try and watch the maelstrom
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00654-00151664-00151863 three 748
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00655-00151864-00152351 748
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00656-00152352-00152559 yeah that was only worth eight points i
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00657-00152560-00152783 killed someone for with battle high it
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00658-00152784-00152990 gave us eight points
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00659-00152991-00153366 eight
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00660-00153367-00153551 it's it's not import kills are not
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00661-00153552-00153783 important especially in this thing
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00662-00153784-00154047 you cannot focus on kills you kill for a
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00663-00154048-00154254 purpose we're trying to defend ourselves
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00664-00154255-00154454 we're trying to push everyone back so
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00665-00154455-00154735 i'm killing people specifically just so
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00666-00154736-00154966 that we can actually get out and do
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00667-00154967-00155143 anything
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00668-00155144-00155319 but that's what all of us are doing
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00669-00155320-00155423 because
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00670-00155424-00155671 the only other point out there is in
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00671-00155672-00155878 maelstrom's side so the only thing we
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00672-00155879-00156166 can do is fight added and mail because
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00673-00156167-00156583 both teams pushed into our territory
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00674-00156584-00156831 and that was me pushing a little bit too
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00675-00156832-00156926 far
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00676-00156927-00157119 so that they saw me out there with my
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00677-00157120-00157351 battle high five less than max health
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00678-00157352-00157599 some people are starting to die
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00679-00157600-00157847 this samurai tries and just super bursts
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00680-00157848-00158063 me down
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00681-00158064-00158431 they nearly paid for it
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00682-00158432-00158654 but now outers is super deep in our
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00683-00158655-00158887 territory we can't go anywhere
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00684-00158888-00159054 i'm saying in chat again just stick
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00685-00159055-00159231 together just stick together fall back
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00686-00159232-00159414 don't push don't push we have to stay
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00687-00159415-00159583 together don't push
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00688-00159584-00159839 i put the flag in put it in chat go here
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00689-00159840-00160063 make sure we get this fall back to there
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00690-00160064-00160278 the moment adders leave the moment at
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00691-00160279-00160551 his leave fall back kill and then leave
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00692-00160552-00160695 so that's my
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00693-00160696-00160887 it's getting close to being filled so
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00694-00160888-00161023 i'm falling back
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00695-00161024-00161271 saying in chat more fall back we can't
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00696-00161272-00161631 fight we can't fight we can't fight
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00697-00161632-00161807 again i don't know how much people are
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00698-00161808-00162102 actively listening to my call outs but i
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00699-00162103-00162407 am attempting to call out guys we have
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00700-00162408-00162702 to listen we have to go we have to go
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00701-00162703-00162943 because what i have seen is
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00702-00162944-00163214 some leader is better than no leader a
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00703-00163215-00163414 bad leader is better than no leader on
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00704-00163415-00163526 average
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00705-00163527-00163775 on average just because i've had people
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00706-00163776-00164223 say focus on kills not objectives
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00707-00164224-00164487 meanwhile an objective is worth
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00708-00164488-00164671 a lot
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00709-00164672-00164895 okay so i see those guys there do i help
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00710-00164896-00165047 them do i help them do i help with the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00711-00165048-00165183 otters
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00712-00165184-00165431 so i decide go kill this guy because i
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00713-00165432-00165638 saw more mail in the background coming
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00714-00165639-00165799 in i thought they were going to go help
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00715-00165800-00166095 the bard they didn't so i just stay with
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00716-00166096-00166335 them and try and push these mail back so
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00717-00166336-00166502 we could push a more unified front
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00718-00166503-00166766 against the adders
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00719-00166767-00166990 because all the adders are here
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00720-00166991-00167254 we got them got some free points
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00721-00167255-00167463 got some free battle high
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00722-00167464-00167702 now we have to just all go fight adders
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00723-00167703-00167807 because
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00724-00167808-00168071 again look how far the adders are
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00725-00168072-00168343 we're at our base we are at our base we
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00726-00168344-00168638 have nowhere to go
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00727-00168639-00168814 we have not left our base this entire
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00728-00168815-00169014 time since i said the rest of the fight
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00729-00169015-00169311 and look at that we're at 1500 from that
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00730-00169312-00169623 one objective we got like 100 points
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00731-00169624-00169838 middle is going to be contested
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00732-00169839-00169926 middle
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00733-00169927-00170183 i say to my team don't go middle i think
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00734-00170184-00170566 i'm pretty sure
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00735-00170567-00170751 we all go to here because it's an easy
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00736-00170752-00171047 one to get nobody's here it's free
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00737-00171048-00171223 and everyone's starting to go fight over
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00738-00171224-00171447 middle for some reason maelstrom's all
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00739-00171448-00171687 there why is there so many people in
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00740-00171688-00172014 mid i don't know so i just like try and
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00741-00172015-00172271 put a unified front here while everyone
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00742-00172272-00172590 is here at this one at this point if any
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00743-00172591-00172807 adders come in they got this so i
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00744-00172808-00173175 decided help mid anyone who decides to
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00745-00173176-00173431 sneak in which there was a few people in
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00746-00173432-00173711 a three-way fight get a couple kills
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00747-00173712-00173935 try and
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00748-00173936-00174199 lower the numbers for if they do push
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00749-00174200-00174471 from mid that we have less we have to
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00750-00174472-00174663 worry about which they do start to push
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00751-00174664-00174775 from mid
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00752-00174776-00174975 so i flee to my group that was all
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00753-00174976-00175166 together
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00754-00175167-00175438 and then here comes adders and maelstrom
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00755-00175439-00175711 both trying to push us at the same time
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00756-00175712-00175895 it's not a big maelstrom for us but we
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00757-00175896-00176102 have to flee once again because we're
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00758-00176103-00176414 being pushed that we have to run we have
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00759-00176415-00176814 to go they are pushing that hard on us
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00760-00176815-00177231 but again we got this objective up top
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00761-00177232-00178031 so we were getting points and one
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00762-00178032-00178278 so i want to look at this again i
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00763-00178279-00178543 emphasize at the very beginning
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00764-00178544-00178775 don't worry about kills
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00765-00178776-00179047 this is not about killing
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00766-00179048-00179366 i still got 12 kills and 22 assists and
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00767-00179367-00179607 did over two hundred thousand damage and
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00768-00179608-00179814 i took a bit of an amount a lot of
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00769-00179815-00180159 damage because again i play very
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00770-00180160-00180647 very uh scarily
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00771-00180648-00180911 but okay so we're we're at the 13 30
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00772-00180912-00181071 minute mark
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00773-00181072-00181302 uh where it was about the nine minute
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00774-00181303-00181495 mark i believe
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00775-00181496-00181647 yeah this is ten
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00776-00181648-00181926 yeah okay so this is 9 30. this was the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00777-00181927-00182151 last time we really went fighting for a
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00778-00182152-00182438 node so from 9 30
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00779-00182439-00182726 until 13 minutes in so
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00780-00182727-00182999 over three minutes of just
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00781-00183000-00183295 fighting for our lives fighting against
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00782-00183296-00183566 both teams focusing us down maelstrom
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00783-00183567-00183735 did catch up a lot or
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00784-00183736-00183871 twin adders still didn't even get
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00785-00183872-00184031 halfway
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00786-00184032-00184183 all of that
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00787-00184184-00184359 and we still
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00788-00184360-00184766 won because we focused objectives
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00789-00184767-00185151 and got a huge lead because of it
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00790-00185152-00185287 and i'm gonna go through all the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00791-00185288-00185678 different stats and all that just to see
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00792-00185679-00186087 kills again i said don't fight you saw
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00793-00186088-00186271 the ninja towards the end of the match
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00794-00186272-00186575 that has uh the 17 kills you saw them
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00795-00186576-00186711 towards the end there that i was
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00796-00186712-00186854 fighting over
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00797-00186855-00187014 over at the ramp there was the ninja
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00798-00187015-00187183 with battle high five
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00799-00187184-00187447 i guess that was them hv i don't know
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00800-00187448-00187623 who they are anything but
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00801-00187624-00187990 they had 17 kills a death and 30 assists
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00802-00187991-00188087 and did
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00803-00188088-00188366 twice the damage i did
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00804-00188367-00188559 but only five more kills and eight more
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00805-00188560-00188871 assists twice the damage but not twice
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00806-00188872-00189231 the actual kills and assists
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00807-00189232-00189471 so they did a lot more damage but where
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00808-00189472-00189775 that damage actually went was a lot less
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00809-00189776-00189911 important
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00810-00189912-00190087 damage taken they also took a lot more
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00811-00190088-00190295 they also had a death make sense
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00812-00190296-00190423 but i was
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00813-00190424-00190766 basically tied for second place
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00814-00190767-00191063 if you count the death as like super big
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00815-00191064-00191311 against them i was the second highest
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00816-00191312-00191702 contribution to fighting
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00817-00191703-00191823 and again
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00818-00191824-00192087 i don't go out of my way to fight i
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00819-00192088-00192319 fight when the fights come to me
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00820-00192320-00192663 mostly and i need to defend a point or
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00821-00192664-00192943 i'm fighting for a point i'm not going
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00822-00192944-00193199 out of my way to just go far to kill
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00823-00193200-00193423 except at the end portion there where we
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00824-00193424-00193599 had to fight
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00825-00193600-00193847 all of our numbers are super higher
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00826-00193848-00194087 because we kept getting pushed
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00827-00194088-00194271 for like
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00828-00194272-00194535 four minutes of the match
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00829-00194536-00194719 four minutes of the match
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00830-00194720-00194926 we were being pushed and not focusing on
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00831-00194927-00195254 on objectives and i had 12 22 and we had
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00832-00195255-00195423 such a huge lead
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00833-00195424-00195799 again i want to focus that
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00834-00195800-00196087 deaths i had none yeah very few people
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00835-00196088-00196366 didn't have a death
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00836-00196367-00196623 assists i had a genuinely high number
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00837-00196624-00196902 but most people had a lot more there's a
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00838-00196903-00197102 lot of people
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00839-00197103-00197335 spoilers
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00840-00197336-00197487 damage dealt
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00841-00197488-00197711 i'm not even in the top 10 i'm not i'm
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00842-00197712-00197926 not even close to the top
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00843-00197927-00198254 there's black major eight kills only
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00844-00198255-00198478 despite and only four more assists than
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00845-00198479-00198831 me despite having nearly three times the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00846-00198832-00199078 amount of damage they also died twice
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00847-00199079-00199359 so they did the most damage were on the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00848-00199360-00199663 losing team
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00849-00199664-00200190 but you know kills that and more right
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00850-00200191-00200383 damage taken i mean actually in the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00851-00200384-00200583 least somehow
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00852-00200584-00200766 i don't know how i was in like the top
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00853-00200767-00201071 ten for damage taken
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00854-00201072-00201190 but hey
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00855-00201191-00201390 you know
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00856-00201391-00201654 but again 17 12 12
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00857-00201655-00201902 i wasn't going for fighting now this i'm
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00858-00201903-00202047 i'm going to hover on this for the rest
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00859-00202048-00202302 of the video basically
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00860-00202303-00202638 tactical points earned from ovu claims
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00861-00202639-00202799 1160
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00862-00202800-00203095 maelstrom have 1144.
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00863-00203096-00203359 basically their entire score is oovoo
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00864-00203360-00203550 claims
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00865-00203551-00203911 adders 750 742 points at the end of
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00866-00203912-00204031 their match
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00867-00204032-00204319 basically their entire rating is from
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00868-00204320-00204550 uvu but notice they have more oval
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00869-00204551-00204814 points than their actual final scores
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00870-00204815-00205079 because if you look at their enemy kills
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00871-00205080-00205342 yeah sure 664 608
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00872-00205344-00205758 they lost points from going for kills
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00873-00205759-00206158 going for kills actually lost both teams
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00874-00206159-00206534 points while us being pinchered by two
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00875-00206535-00206766 groups of teams
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00876-00206767-00206942 we gained
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00877-00206944-00207110 just just a little bit of points and
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00878-00207111-00207198 kills
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00879-00207200-00207375 we got a lot of good kills at the end
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00880-00207376-00207471 there
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00881-00207471-00207746 and yet
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00882-00207748-00208055 1542 points of our score
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00883-00208056-00208334 was uvu
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00884-00208335-00208438 kills
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00885-00208439-00208598 are not
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00886-00208600-00208686 worth
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00887-00208687-00208998 points in front line they are not for
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00888-00209000-00209423 points kills do not win games
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00889-00209423-00209614 objectives do
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00890-00209615-00209894 the order of operations is
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00891-00209896-00210310 go for objectives is an objective being
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00892-00210311-00210398 a
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00893-00210400-00210534 contested
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00894-00210535-00210846 kill to obtain the objective
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00895-00210848-00211127 battle high you get from getting kills
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00896-00211128-00211342 which you only kill if you're going for
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00897-00211344-00211623 an objective
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00898-00211623-00211919 one run of seal rock i had someone
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00899-00211919-00212151 adamantly fight me that kills are
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00900-00212152-00212367 important you need to focus on kills
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00901-00212367-00212582 kill kill kill
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00902-00212583-00212694 they
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00903-00212696-00212942 they've made fun of me the entire run
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00904-00212944-00213223 about how i'm an idiot for saying kills
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00905-00213223-00213439 aren't important
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00906-00213440-00213534 well
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00907-00213535-00213758 kills aren't important in here
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00908-00213759-00214206 and in that seal rock we were last place
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00909-00214207-00214391 we had less than half the points we
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00910-00214392-00214551 needed to win
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00911-00214552-00214727 you wanna know who won
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00912-00214728-00214998 maelstrom do you know why they won
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00913-00215000-00215231 because they focused on objectives and
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00914-00215232-00215542 didn't fight basically anyone for the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00915-00215544-00215871 entire second half of the match wall
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00916-00215871-00216127 adders and our team fought
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00917-00216128-00216479 maelstrom was off collecting points
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00918-00216480-00216710 all from doing objectives
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00919-00216711-00216903 at one point they actually had like a
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00920-00216904-00217103 300 point lead
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00921-00217104-00217367 but fought our team for a good like two
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00922-00217367-00217582 minutes straight and lost that lead
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00923-00217583-00217823 immediately because they focused on
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00924-00217823-00218167 fighting but then after that gigantic
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00925-00218167-00218479 loss of like a 200 300 point lead they
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00926-00218480-00218775 stopped regrouped whoever was leading
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00927-00218776-00219110 them said we can't do that again we have
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00928-00219111-00219382 to target points we have to go to the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00929-00219383-00219639 objectives and you know what they did
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00930-00219640-00219927 they went for objectives and one with
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00931-00219928-00220287 another 300 or 400 point lead on the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00932-00220288-00220479 second place team
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00933-00220480-00220710 that is the state of front lines this is
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00934-00220711-00221006 not about killing it's about objectives
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00935-00221007-00221287 i know it's a pvp mode i know that the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00936-00221288-00221471 fighting can be fun
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00937-00221471-00221791 but the fighting is a means to an end
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00938-00221792-00222094 i'm not saying avoid all combat i'm not
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00939-00222096-00222367 saying that i'm saying you fight for
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00940-00222367-00222719 objectives not just for fighting
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00941-00222719-00222975 our objective at the end there was
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00942-00222976-00223310 fighting because we had no other option
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00943-00223311-00223487 both teams were
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00944-00223488-00223719 walled us in we were completely walled
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00945-00223719-00223975 in sure you could have we could have all
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00946-00223976-00224255 went here down this southern route
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00947-00224256-00224479 south of our base gone into the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00948-00224480-00224639 maelstrom base but they would have
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00949-00224640-00224831 followed aries probably would have
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00950-00224832-00225023 followed us from the north and pinches
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00951-00225023-00225206 us in maelstrom would have came in from
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00952-00225207-00225431 the north pinches us in and from their
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00953-00225432-00225575 base and we would have just had a
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00954-00225576-00225767 complete team wipe
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00955-00225767-00226071 instead we stayed in our base
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00956-00226071-00226367 for the most part and took what few
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00957-00226367-00226623 nodes the game gave us
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00958-00226623-00226855 it wasn't about fighting it was about
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00959-00226856-00227191 defense our goal wasn't to fight our
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00960-00227192-00227455 goal was to survive because we had a
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00961-00227456-00227751 lead and just a few more nodes i think
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00962-00227752-00227991 all we got was two more nodes after that
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00963-00227992-00228239 middle point after that 9 30 mark i'm
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00964-00228240-00228519 pretty sure we only got two more nodes
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00965-00228519-00228734 for the entire rest of the match maybe
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00966-00228735-00228903 it was three i don't know i go back
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00967-00228904-00229142 watch the footage again
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00968-00229144-00229342 and we won
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00969-00229344-00229527 we didn't fight
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00970-00229528-00229767 just because we're fighting we fought to
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00971-00229767-00230046 defend ourselves and we got very few
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00972-00230048-00230319 points for it
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00973-00230319-00230598 60 points basically was what our
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00974-00230600-00230775 fighting got us
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00975-00230776-00230998 60
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00976-00231000-00231398 kills are not important
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00977-00231400-00231510 stop
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00978-00231511-00231775 going for kills in front line
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00979-00231776-00232023 go for kills if it's a freebie if it's
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00980-00232023-00232223 some random person
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00981-00232223-00232534 out in the middle of the field
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00982-00232535-00232703 if it's some random person out in the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00983-00232704-00232975 middle of the field go for it
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00984-00232976-00233206 if it's just
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00985-00233207-00233342 this
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00986-00233344-00233567 if it's this
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00987-00233567-00233815 you don't fight you defend
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00988-00233816-00234110 this is not fighting this is defense
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00989-00234111-00234534 there is a big big big difference
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00990-00234535-00234782 stop going for kills kills are not
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00991-00234783-00235175 important battle high does not win games
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00992-00235176-00235367 objectives do
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00993-00235367-00235623 objectives get you kills which gets you
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00994-00235623-00235742 battle high
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00995-00235744-00235982 that is what wins you games
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00996-00235983-00236175 playing it safe and playing the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00997-00236176-00236423 objectives sometimes you do have to play
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00998-00236423-00236606 a dangerous objective
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-00999-00236607-00236855 but you're playing it for the objective
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-01000-00236856-00237015 not for the kills
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-01001-00237016-00237342 kills become a last-ditch effort to stop
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-01002-00237344-00237551 a runaway team
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-01003-00237552-00237879 matters and maelstrom started killing us
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-01004-00237880-00238119 not as a means to get points but as a
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-01005-00238119-00238719 means to get us to stop winning
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-01006-00238719-00238982 and look where it got them they still
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-01007-00238983-00239319 lost big time
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-01008-00239319-00239519 thank you for watching thank you i hope
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-01009-00239519-00239719 this helped you understand front lines a
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-01010-00239719-00239871 little bit more
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-01011-00239871-00240063 it's a bit all over the place just
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-01012-00240064-00240191 because you know
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-01013-00240192-00240487 front lines and you know pvp and blah
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-01014-00240488-00240630 blah blah blah
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-01015-00240631-00240871 it was a lot of me just narrating but i
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-01016-00240871-00241167 wanted to really focus in on what i was
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-01017-00241167-00241415 doing at all points and me trying to
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-01018-00241416-00241791 lead of hey this is not about killing
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-01019-00241792-00241998 all that good stuff anyway pay care made
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-01020-00242000-00242127 the power of nidhogs they waste your
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-01021-00242128-00242255 enemies
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-01022-00242256-00242430 and i hope you're looking forward to the
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-01023-00242431-00242694 new pvp mode which is a lot smaller
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-01024-00242696-00242823 scale
+Y6bLOAhlWiI-01025-00242823-00243148 good night
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00000-00000183-00000383 hi y'all my name is summer i am the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00001-00000384-00000599 sierra of humphreys hall
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00002-00000600-00000774 um basically what that means is that i
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00003-00000775-00001047 supervise the ras i advise lead hogs
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00004-00001048-00001278 and help make sure that the building is
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00005-00001279-00001415 running smooth
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00006-00001416-00001566 so crs are kind of like hall directors
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00007-00001567-00001807 right yes okay excellent excellent well
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00008-00001807-00002183 nice to see you um so right now we're
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00009-00002184-00002575 on one of the humphreys patios uh it
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00010-00002576-00002783 touches the parking lot basically where
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00011-00002784-00002942 you'll park to move in
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00012-00002943-00003286 and hang out for the year and this is a
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00013-00003288-00003454 really cool place to kind of hang out
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00014-00003455-00003767 and socialize and everything like that
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00015-00003768-00003959 there's another big building right there
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00016-00003960-00004151 do you mind telling me yes so that is
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00017-00004152-00004247 yoakum
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00018-00004248-00004567 um they are our neighbor building
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00019-00004568-00004791 um a lot of people call them sister
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00020-00004792-00004927 buildings but we're a little bit more
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00021-00004928-00005006 different than that
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00022-00005007-00005206 so uh they're kind of more like cousin
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00023-00005207-00005431 buildings cousin buildings okay great
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00024-00005432-00005511 great
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00025-00005512-00005718 yeah so um let's see and then this is
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00026-00005719-00005886 the parking lot that you'll be using for
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00027-00005887-00006127 move in
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00028-00006128-00006286 and we're gonna have a good move in we
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00029-00006287-00006495 will we will it hopefully won't be too
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00030-00006495-00006623 too hot for moving
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00031-00006623-00006783 that would be great that'd be great so
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00032-00006784-00006895 we've got about eight people watching
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00033-00006895-00007055 right now just let us know where you're
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00034-00007056-00007231 watching from we'd love to
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00035-00007231-00007391 learn that and we're excited that you're
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00036-00007392-00007542 coming this fall
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00037-00007543-00007742 very excited we'll go ahead and move on
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00038-00007743-00009006 into the building
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00039-00009007-00009167 do you mind telling me about that key
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00040-00009168-00009319 system you used yeah so
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00041-00009320-00009542 all of our main doors for humphreys and
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00042-00009543-00009703 all of our residence halls are fob
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00043-00009704-00009791 access
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00044-00009792-00009942 and basically when you get your key for
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00045-00009943-00010119 moving you'll also get a fob
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00046-00010120-00010271 and your fob will be specific to the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00047-00010272-00010446 building that you're moving in so
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00048-00010447-00010606 you will only be able to access the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00049-00010607-00010783 building that you live in okay
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00050-00010784-00010999 okay hey joseph good to have you here
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00051-00011000-00011135 and then sherry from springfield
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00052-00011136-00011214 missouri
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00053-00011215-00011983 glad to have you watching
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00054-00011984-00012119 we just went through the building and
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00055-00012120-00012295 back out the building again yes so this
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00056-00012296-00012551 is our other patio for humphreys
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00057-00012552-00012727 we have the beautiful humphreys lawn in
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00058-00012728-00012879 front of us people play
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00059-00012880-00013079 volleyball or other kind of games out
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00060-00013080-00013230 there
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00061-00013231-00013391 this is also a great place to people
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00062-00013391-00013711 watch and then on the opposite corner
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00063-00013712-00013919 is probably the most perfect place to
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00064-00013919-00014111 watch sunsets on campus
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00065-00014112-00014327 where is it right in that corner it's
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00066-00014328-00014471 probably the most perfect place to watch
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00067-00014472-00014558 sunsets
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00068-00014559-00014903 nice nice yeah uh morgan from st louis
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00069-00014904-00015111 and sheila from western springs illinois
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00070-00015112-00015215 apparently that is just outside of
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00071-00015216-00015430 chicago she informs us and then
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00072-00015431-00015663 brandy from alito do you mind waving to
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00073-00015663-00015838 brandy
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00074-00015840-00016111 nice okay so anything else you'd point
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00075-00016112-00016175 out around
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00076-00016176-00016383 this outside yeah we are also right
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00077-00016384-00016558 across from breath which is one of our
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00078-00016559-00016655 dining halls
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00079-00016656-00016822 um and then kind of on the other side of
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00080-00016823-00017022 breath is a lot more of the food court
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00081-00017023-00017119 so like
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00082-00017120-00017271 starbucks and i think they're gonna have
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00083-00017272-00017486 maybe eureka pizza this year
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00084-00017487-00017775 um so literally right across the way you
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00085-00017776-00017943 can grab a bite to eat
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00086-00017944-00018214 and then we're also close to a couple of
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00087-00018215-00018407 academic buildings like kimple
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00088-00018408-00018719 and uh the business building so you're
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00089-00018720-00018886 literally five minutes from class
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00090-00018887-00019030 yeah very much the central part of
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00091-00019031-00019286 campus uh located close to just about
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00092-00019287-00019422 everything really yes pretty much
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00093-00019423-00019683 everything
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00094-00019684-00019911 um yeah
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00095-00019912-00020094 yeah any questions people have just go
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00096-00020095-00020239 ahead and ask us and we'll do our best
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00097-00020240-00020391 summer and i to answer the questions for
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00098-00020392-00020447 you but
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00099-00020448-00020655 otherwise we'll go inside and start
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00100-00020656-00020791 touring the inside of the building
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00101-00020792-00021127 awesome sounds great i uh the building
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00102-00021128-00021319 was we were just discussing the history
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00103-00021320-00021511 of the building yes and
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00104-00021512-00021830 was built in 1961
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00105-00021831-00022135 i believe um and this year we are this
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00106-00022136-00022335 upcoming year in 2021 we will be
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00107-00022336-00022647 celebrating our 60th anniversary 60th
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00108-00022648-00022783 anniversary
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00109-00022784-00022950 okay thank you nancy for that note we'll
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00110-00022951-00023214 try to speak up a little bit
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00111-00023215-00023399 um so basically when you walk into
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00112-00023400-00023550 humphreys one of the first things that
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00113-00023551-00023822 you see is the front office
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00114-00023823-00024039 this is where you'll get your mail and
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00115-00024040-00024230 packages and everything like that
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00116-00024231-00024439 um typically we have somebody staffed
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00117-00024440-00024558 here during the day
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00118-00024559-00024871 as well as some hours at night um
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00119-00024872-00025014 so this is where you can get a bunch of
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00120-00025015-00025207 answers uh a
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00121-00025208-00025414 bunch of your questions answered right
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00122-00025415-00025519 and right there i see a
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00123-00025520-00025870 huge um plastic
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00124-00025872-00026174 divider covid related i'm sure yes so we
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00125-00026175-00026311 are trying to take as many safety
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00126-00026312-00026455 precautions as possible
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00127-00026456-00026758 um so the plastic dividers between
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00128-00026760-00026967 the office guests and the people working
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00129-00026968-00027127 the front desk is there just for safety
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00130-00027127-00027223 measures
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00131-00027224-00027380 perfect trying to keep it safe
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00132-00027381-00027551 [Music]
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00133-00027552-00027743 down this hallway is where you'll find
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00134-00027744-00027918 your mailbox so you do share your
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00135-00027919-00028127 mailbox with your roommate
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00136-00028127-00028374 um but basically have these really kind
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00137-00028375-00028590 of old school mailboxes
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00138-00028591-00028774 um and that's where your mail will be
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00139-00028775-00028935 dropped off any letter mail
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00140-00028936-00029127 and where will you get packages packages
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00141-00029127-00029343 are at the front desk
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00142-00029344-00029711 very good very good all right awesome
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00143-00029712-00029990 and now we can go to one of our big
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00144-00029991-00030207 community spaces in the building
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00145-00030208-00030390 okay and i mean do you happen to know
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00146-00030391-00030646 how many students usually reside here
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00147-00030647-00031135 yeah we have anywhere from about 450 to
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00148-00031136-00031487 um like 350 to 450 is typically our
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00149-00031488-00031631 range of students
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00150-00031632-00031799 uh just depending on how many sign up
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00151-00031800-00031990 for humphreys sure that's a pretty big
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00152-00031991-00032158 number 450 or so
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00153-00032160-00032535 okay um so this is the great room
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00154-00032536-00032774 um this is basically one of our large
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00155-00032775-00033046 large common spaces and community rooms
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00156-00033047-00033183 we have it set up a little bit
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00157-00033184-00033446 differently this year than in years past
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00158-00033447-00033679 um but one of the cool things about the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00159-00033680-00033902 setup is now for the tv we basically
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00160-00033903-00034174 have theater seating
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00161-00034175-00034318 oh right like we're gonna walk over to
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00162-00034319-00035318 that tv right now
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00163-00035319-00035446 i mean there's a lot of good shows you
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00164-00035447-00035615 could watch a big tv like that
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00165-00035616-00035735 absolutely
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00166-00035736-00035990 um and you basically have your own movie
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00167-00035991-00036199 theater in the building now
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00168-00036200-00036407 very nice anything you're binging at the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00169-00036408-00036527 moment um
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00170-00036528-00036911 what am i binging at the moment um
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00171-00036912-00037151 i'm all about normal people on hbo or no
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00172-00037152-00037279 no on hulu
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00173-00037280-00037551 is what i mean i can't stop watching
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00174-00037552-00037751 hamilton over and over again on disney
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00175-00037752-00037911 hamilton over and over on disney plus
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00176-00037912-00038102 yes
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00177-00038103-00038302 on the other side of our great room we
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00178-00038303-00038446 have a ping pong table
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00179-00038447-00038743 and a pool table right now and kind of
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00180-00038744-00038902 for the start of the semester we're not
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00181-00038903-00039071 renting out any equipment but if you
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00182-00039072-00039215 want to use these tables you're more
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00183-00039216-00039302 than free to
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00184-00039303-00039502 we just ask that you bring your own ping
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00185-00039503-00039671 pong paddles or whatever other equipment
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00186-00039672-00039711 you
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00187-00039712-00040246 need great
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00188-00040247-00040511 do you play ping pong um i am not
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00189-00040512-00040687 skilled at it
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00190-00040688-00040862 but i will play with anyone who wants to
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00191-00040863-00041046 play you jump in for a round or two okay
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00192-00041047-00041358 i do um and then
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00193-00041359-00041518 kind of right outside of the great room
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00194-00041519-00041655 we're gonna run into the humphreys
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00195-00041656-00041751 kitchen
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00196-00041752-00042030 this is free for all students to use in
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00197-00042031-00042199 humphreys we typically have a good bit
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00198-00042200-00042390 of international students so we end up
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00199-00042391-00042639 with some very interesting spices
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00200-00042640-00042839 left in our kitchen at the end of every
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00201-00042840-00042983 year
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00202-00042984-00043199 and again with the kitchen just like the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00203-00043200-00043367 other equipment in the great room
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00204-00043368-00043543 we're not providing any pots and pans
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00205-00043544-00043679 right now at least for the beginning of
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00206-00043680-00043767 the semester
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00207-00043768-00043927 but the kitchen is yours to use if you
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00208-00043928-00044071 want to bring your own pots and pans
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00209-00044072-00044246 cookie trees etc
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00210-00044247-00044367 and you might smell some good things
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00211-00044368-00044574 apparently yes yes
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00212-00044575-00044839 all right great awesome i think from
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00213-00044840-00045246 here we can go ahead and head downstairs
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00214-00045247-00045487 how many floors do we have in humphreys
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00215-00045488-00045655 um so we have
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00216-00045656-00045958 technically 10 floors um one of the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00217-00045959-00046174 floors is the basement
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00218-00046175-00046407 and only floors two through nine have
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00219-00046408-00046543 residents on them
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00220-00046544-00048397 two through nine okay
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00221-00048398-00048527 [Music]
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00222-00048528-00048783 so our first stop in the basement is the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00223-00048784-00048911 laundry room
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00224-00048912-00049118 um obviously this is where you'll get
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00225-00049119-00049735 your laundry done
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00226-00049736-00049918 um so we have a bunch of washers and
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00227-00049919-00050039 dryers for you to use
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00228-00050040-00050246 and an ice machine in case you need ice
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00229-00050247-00050374 for any reason
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00230-00050375-00050727 um every building uh the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00231-00050728-00050918 laundry machines are free to use they
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00232-00050919-00051062 come out of your housing freeze so you
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00233-00051063-00051207 don't need to keep quarters or anything
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00234-00051208-00051350 like that
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00235-00051351-00051511 and additionally there's this cool
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00236-00051512-00051687 laundry app
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00237-00051688-00051894 that basically lets you monitor which
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00238-00051895-00052079 washers and dryers are open as well as
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00239-00052079-00052263 track your laundry so
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00240-00052264-00052399 you'll know when it's done and when you
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00241-00052400-00052615 come downstairs to pick up your laundry
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00242-00052616-00052791 when it's finished it's a pretty
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00243-00052791-00052950 convenient app i uh
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00244-00052951-00053094 you know every year we do these tours
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00245-00053095-00053287 and usually at least one student will
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00246-00053288-00053326 say
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00247-00053327-00053575 yeah i really do use it like it's pretty
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00248-00053576-00053742 useful to know when to come down
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00249-00053744-00054115 and when to time it so you can go to
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00250-00054116-00054279 housing.uark.edu
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00251-00054279-00054591 forward slash laundry and you can read
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00252-00054591-00054694 more about that
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00253-00054695-00055038 yep um and now we'll go to
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00254-00055039-00055182 some of our other common spaces down
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00255-00055183-00055407 here in the basement okay
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00256-00055408-00055535 and you call it the basement because it
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00257-00055536-00055679 doesn't seem like a basement it seems
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00258-00055679-00055726 like a
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00259-00055727-00055950 kind of a cool floor it is a really cool
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00260-00055951-00056126 floor we have some unique features that
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00261-00056127-00056326 we'll pass on our way but
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00262-00056327-00056487 we just refer to it either as the ground
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00263-00056488-00056663 floor or the basement the basement yeah
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00264-00056664-00056847 all right
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00265-00056848-00057223 um so um in the basement we're gonna run
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00266-00057224-00057511 into matt he is the theory of yocum so
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00267-00057512-00057735 he's helping me out with this tour today
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00268-00057736-00058007 okay i'm just shadowing and learning
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00269-00058008-00058054 welcome
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00270-00058055-00058194 welcome thank you thank you
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00271-00058195-00058366 [Music]
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00272-00058367-00058575 so basically in the basement we have our
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00273-00058576-00058759 recycling so you can recycle
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00274-00058760-00058999 anything from plastics newspapers paper
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00275-00059000-00059103 cardboard
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00276-00059104-00059415 everything like that um
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00277-00059416-00059694 and then on the other wall we have these
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00278-00059695-00059742 cool
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00279-00059744-00059999 old closets and basically these used to
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00280-00060000-00060159 be built-in
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00281-00060160-00060471 phone booths for the residence hall
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00282-00060472-00060711 phone booths why don't you mean like
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00283-00060712-00060854 cell phone booths
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00284-00060855-00061199 like old school landline phones
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00285-00061200-00061575 the landline very very interesting yes
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00286-00061576-00061775 um and then the other space in the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00287-00061776-00061903 basement is
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00288-00061904-00062223 our classroom this is where we have
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00289-00062224-00062471 meetings or programs this is where our
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00290-00062472-00062582 lead hogs
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00291-00062583-00062903 meet on monday nights um and this space
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00292-00062904-00063230 is reservable if you want to rent it out
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00293-00063232-00063430 and we can show you where that form is
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00294-00063432-00063782 it's on the humphreys hog sink
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00295-00063783-00063919 so make sure you join huxsync because
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00296-00063920-00064087 that's where all the events will be well
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00297-00064088-00064223 tell me what hawksync is
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00298-00064224-00064430 it's basically this awesome portal
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00299-00064432-00064606 that'll connect you not only to your
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00300-00064607-00064782 building your residence hall but all the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00301-00064783-00064935 other organizations on campus and
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00302-00064936-00065038 everything like that
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00303-00065039-00065263 it's a good place to know what's going
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00304-00065264-00065575 on on campus as well as
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00305-00065576-00065703 kind of what news is out there and
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00306-00065704-00065919 everything like that related to campus
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00307-00065920-00066155 perfect hog sync then
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00308-00066156-00066343 hogsync.youwalk.edu i believe
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00309-00066344-00066719 that's h-o-g-s-y-n-c
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00310-00066720-00067063 okay great awesome um
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00311-00067064-00067263 i think that's it for the basement so we
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00312-00067264-00067399 can go ahead and head upstairs let's go
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00313-00067400-00067503 upstairs and see a floor
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00314-00067504-00067799 yes um now how long have you been the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00315-00067800-00067887 cre
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00316-00067888-00068126 for this particular hall um so i've been
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00317-00068127-00068287 here for
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00318-00068288-00068647 two years um and
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00319-00068648-00068975 so this is going to be my second year in
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00320-00068976-00069199 humphreys but my third year on campus so
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00321-00069200-00069343 i was in pomfret
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00322-00069344-00069526 for my first year here okay so you've
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00323-00069527-00069647 been around a little bit seen a couple
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00324-00069648-00069743 different halls
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00325-00069744-00070079 what do you think what do you think
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00326-00070080-00070319 makes humphreys kind of a unique hall
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00327-00070320-00070494 um i think what makes humphreys a unique
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00328-00070495-00070647 call is that we have so many different
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00329-00070648-00070871 types of students here
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00330-00070872-00071155 we have international students we have
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00331-00071156-00071311 upperclassmen
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00332-00071312-00071519 we have freshmen we have half of the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00333-00071520-00071687 business llc
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00334-00071688-00071975 um so it's just a cool hodge fudge of
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00335-00071976-00072031 students
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00336-00072032-00072182 that really get to connect with other
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00337-00072183-00072406 students who are different from them
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00338-00072407-00072623 fantastic yeah and i mean this is a
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00339-00072624-00072743 community style
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00340-00072744-00073055 building which means they share a
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00341-00073056-00073271 bathroom some smaller groups do and then
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00342-00073272-00073438 there's just a lot of interaction yes
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00343-00073439-00073582 there's a lot of interaction
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00344-00073583-00073950 we're also so central on campus that um
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00345-00073951-00074135 you know it's so easy to get to
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00346-00074136-00074287 everything and really connect with
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00347-00074288-00074535 campus in that way as well
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00348-00074536-00074799 perfect well yeah it's a that's a neat
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00349-00074800-00074950 place to be particularly your first year
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00350-00074951-00075038 i would think
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00351-00075039-00075182 when you're starting to make friends and
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00352-00075183-00075438 all that sort of thing yes it's a very
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00353-00075439-00075575 unique experience to be in a
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00354-00075576-00075735 community-style building but we love it
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00355-00075736-00076262 and my staff here loves it as well
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00356-00076263-00076415 all right stepping off onto the floor
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00357-00076416-00076591 here on floor nine so we are on the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00358-00076592-00076679 ninth floor
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00359-00076680-00076959 the very top floor of humphreys um the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00360-00076960-00077079 first thing we're gonna check out
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00361-00077080-00077350 is the study room so every single floor
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00362-00077351-00077591 has a study room exactly like this
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00363-00077592-00077879 it's a place to hang out study watch tv
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00364-00077880-00078071 do homework hopefully
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00365-00078072-00078647 everything like that
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00366-00078648-00078887 got a white board over there white board
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00367-00078888-00079071 a beautiful view
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00368-00079072-00079271 um hopefully it's not too distracting to
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00369-00079272-00079591 your study
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00370-00079592-00079743 that is really a nice view can we see
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00371-00079744-00079935 the stadium from there yeah stadium's
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00372-00079936-00080103 right in that corner right there
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00373-00080104-00080247 can we take a look can you pull up the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00374-00080248-00080423 uh the drake force will take a look up
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00375-00080424-00080487 there
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00376-00080488-00080967 woo pig suey right
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00377-00080968-00081247 see if i can squeeze over there oh it's
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00378-00081248-00081438 not a big deal if you can't get it
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00379-00081439-00081655 yeah we can we can actually see it right
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00380-00081656-00081815 through there awesome
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00381-00081816-00082006 yep so the stadium is literally across
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00382-00082007-00082159 the way
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00383-00082160-00082399 that is very very close to razorback
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00384-00082400-00082559 stadium yes
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00385-00082560-00082799 okay well cool this is a study room and
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00386-00082800-00083006 then in in years past when we've had
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00387-00083007-00083191 so many students we were like trying to
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00388-00083192-00083375 put in places we have used this
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00389-00083376-00083679 as a uh room for actual students and
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00390-00083680-00083894 they love it i mean usually they do
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00391-00083895-00084111 yes in the past it's been an overflow
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00392-00084112-00084199 room we basically
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00393-00084200-00084503 block out all these windows um that way
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00394-00084504-00084647 it creates privacy
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00395-00084648-00084879 and we arrange some furniture in here
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00396-00084880-00084991 and make it work but
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00397-00084992-00085175 the past few years we haven't had to use
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00398-00085176-00085335 any of our overspaces
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00399-00085336-00085543 so you've got it as a study room now
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00400-00085544-00085679 okay well let's go take a look at the uh
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00401-00085680-00085894 maybe the bathroom and then maybe a room
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00402-00085895-00086271 sounds good and we're in a room feel
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00403-00086272-00086399 free to ask us if you have any
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00404-00086400-00086550 measurements you want us to take
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00405-00086551-00086879 uh summer has a tape measure
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00406-00086880-00087031 matt has the tape measure that he's
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00407-00087032-00087271 getting but we have tape we're tape
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00408-00087272-00087343 measuring
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00409-00087344-00087405 capable
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00410-00087406-00087855 [Music]
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00411-00087856-00088087 so i guess i'll mention that every floor
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00412-00088088-00088279 has four bathrooms
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00413-00088280-00088543 um so typically you would share a
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00414-00088544-00088606 bathroom
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00415-00088607-00088926 with about 15 to 20 people
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00416-00088927-00089231 okay 15 to 20 people in the bathrooms
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00417-00089232-00089359 some questions that have come up on some
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00418-00089360-00089535 of our other tools are what are we doing
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00419-00089536-00089694 in terms of
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00420-00089695-00089967 preparing for covid uh this fall and
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00421-00089968-00090062 i'll say that
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00422-00090063-00090311 one thing we're doing is we're cleaning
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00423-00090312-00090455 the bathrooms
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00424-00090456-00090750 twice a day now instead of just once and
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00425-00090751-00090903 we're also extending that cleaning into
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00426-00090904-00090975 the weekend
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00427-00090976-00091126 when typically we wouldn't be cleaning
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00428-00091127-00091279 on the weekend so we're doing a
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00429-00091280-00091382 significant amount
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00430-00091383-00091687 more cleaning in our bathrooms yes
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00431-00091688-00092023 um and our isa staff or our staff that's
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00432-00092024-00092175 cleaning these spaces they're also
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00433-00092176-00092343 cleaning a lot of the high-touch spaces
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00434-00092344-00092503 so a lot of the doors
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00435-00092504-00092694 and the common use spaces so that way
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00436-00092695-00092831 all those spaces that a lot of people
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00437-00092832-00092918 touch
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00438-00092919-00093103 get some extra cleaning as well all
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00439-00093104-00093223 right just trying to keep as safe as
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00440-00093224-00093326 possible
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00441-00093327-00093599 brandy asks us is the building co-ed by
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00442-00093600-00093703 floor
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00443-00093704-00094006 so every floor is designated
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00444-00094007-00094262 by gender but we do have both males and
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00445-00094263-00094335 females
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00446-00094336-00094550 in the building what's interesting is
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00447-00094551-00094774 humphreys often has more males than
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00448-00094775-00094967 female students so i think our ratio is
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00449-00094968-00095015 about
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00450-00095016-00095367 60 percent male to 40 females my
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00451-00095368-00095471 masculine
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00452-00095472-00095694 interesting yeah because that's not i
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00453-00095695-00095831 guess typically when it comes to
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00454-00095832-00096006 enrollment at a university
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00455-00096007-00096326 it's not so much 60 male 40 female so
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00456-00096327-00096574 kind of unique thing here yes um so
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00457-00096575-00096687 we'll check out the bathroom and then
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00458-00096688-00096799 we'll talk a little bit more about the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00459-00096800-00096894 floors and everything
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00460-00096895-00097062 sounds good why don't we jump up in that
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00461-00097063-00097959 uh look in the shower and then the sink
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00462-00097960-00098150 it's a pretty typical shower in so many
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00463-00098151-00098374 ways but big like it's actually
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00464-00098375-00098606 quite sizable and they will have shower
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00465-00098607-00098743 curtains i believe they took them down
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00466-00098744-00098967 to clean them so there's typically
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00467-00098968-00099174 a shower curtain in front of each of the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00468-00099175-00099271 shower stalls
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00469-00099272-00099599 yeah you'll have the privacy no worries
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00470-00099600-00100871 okay let me give a view of the sinks
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00471-00100872-00101047 then you have commodes over here but
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00472-00101048-00101238 everybody's seeing commode so
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00473-00101239-00101718 nothing that exciting there
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00474-00101719-00101918 okay where are we going into so we are
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00475-00101919-00102062 going into
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00476-00102063-00102406 925 um so majority of our floors are
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00477-00102407-00102590 double floors which basically means that
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00478-00102591-00102815 every room has two students living in it
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00479-00102816-00103015 however we have two floors and humphreys
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00480-00103016-00103199 that are single floors
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00481-00103200-00103351 which means that there's only one
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00482-00103352-00103575 student per room you'd still keep all
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00483-00103576-00103734 your furniture
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00484-00103735-00103871 so you'd still have twice the amount of
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00485-00103872-00104039 furniture but you can organize it
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00486-00104040-00104158 however you want
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00487-00104159-00104278 we just want to make sure that all of
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00488-00104279-00104423 the housing furniture is there when you
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00489-00104424-00104518 move out
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00490-00104519-00104854 absolutely yes and the furniture here is
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00491-00104855-00105039 built into the building and built into
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00492-00105040-00105207 the facility itself so
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00493-00105208-00105543 all the bookcases um cabinets
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00494-00105544-00105751 shelving closets everything like that is
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00495-00105752-00106007 built in
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00496-00106008-00107766 i'll give them a big pan right now
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00497-00107767-00107951 catch back there in the window with all
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00498-00107952-00108086 the sunlight
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00499-00108088-00108263 okay great so yeah here we are in the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00500-00108264-00108390 room um
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00501-00108391-00108534 one thing to point out is that you get
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00502-00108535-00108783 free or cable that is paid for with your
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00503-00108783-00108910 housing fees
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00504-00108911-00109110 that includes hbo so you can watch all
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00505-00109111-00109423 the hbo shows as well
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00506-00109424-00109583 the internet is pretty strong in this
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00507-00109583-00109815 building and so
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00508-00109816-00110015 uh maybe we'll get some pictures of the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00509-00110016-00110127 uh of the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00510-00110128-00110286 built-in closet i know that's oftentimes
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00511-00110288-00110447 an area of interest for people have you
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00512-00110448-00110631 been getting any questions from people
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00513-00110632-00110943 um a couple questions just about kind of
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00514-00110944-00111151 the room layout and everything like that
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00515-00111152-00111527 a few measurement questions um
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00516-00111528-00111895 but nothing too super super specific so
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00517-00111896-00112127 um but this is a typical room pretty
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00518-00112128-00112199 much every single
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00519-00112200-00112615 one of our rooms look like this um
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00520-00112616-00112999 the windows the blinds go up the windows
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00521-00113000-00113102 open
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00522-00113103-00113231 typically all of our windows have
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00523-00113232-00113415 screens on them and we ask that you
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00524-00113416-00113686 don't go out on the window ledges
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00525-00113688-00113934 it's super tall and super high and it's
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00526-00113935-00114078 super unsafe so
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00527-00114079-00114407 please stay inside your room
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00528-00114408-00114583 good advice all the time we do have a
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00529-00114583-00114743 question from shamus who asks
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00530-00114744-00114958 can you measure the window width and
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00531-00114959-00115078 length yeah
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00532-00115079-00115239 and maybe that's a two-person job i'm
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00533-00115240-00115599 thinking
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00534-00115600-00115919 um the the window um
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00535-00115920-00116134 width and length so i think we're
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00536-00116135-00116231 talking about yeah
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00537-00116232-00116423 those two dimensions the x and the y if
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00538-00116424-00116663 you will
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00539-00116664-00116951 what's that what's on there too okay
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00540-00116952-00117695 we'll confirm with that
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00541-00117696-00117943 uh it is over ten feet in this thing
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00542-00117944-00118143 matching that's about ten feet
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00543-00118144-00118375 okay can you can you take a measurement
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00544-00118376-00118463 and then add
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00545-00118464-00118631 that to it like take two measurements
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00546-00118632-00118823 and put them together
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00547-00118824-00120119 so at least ten feet
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00548-00120120-00120334 10 feet 6 inches how does that measure
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00549-00120335-00120510 against the uh
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00550-00120511-00120654 take your feet six inches that's what
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00551-00120655-00120823 the website says
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00552-00120824-00121071 we love it when that happens okay uh
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00553-00121072-00121278 some more questions here one from gail
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00554-00121279-00121671 can um well we gave sheamus the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00555-00121672-00122014 the length did we give him the height
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00556-00122015-00122134 i guess height is kind of what we're
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00557-00122135-00122343 talking about um yeah let's do that one
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00558-00122344-00122695 too
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00559-00122696-00122831 because he wants to put a curtain in
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00560-00122832-00122990 potentially and i would say a tension
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00561-00122991-00123447 rod if you can find one that big
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00562-00123448-00123743 15 inches 58 inches in that dimension
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00563-00123744-00123895 yeah if you can find a tension rod that
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00564-00123896-00123958 big it would
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00565-00123959-00124166 it would work fine those are awfully big
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00566-00124167-00124310 but okay
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00567-00124311-00124654 um let's see gail asked can curtains be
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00568-00124655-00124871 hung on the window and
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00569-00124872-00125102 again tension rods are our typical go-to
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00570-00125103-00125223 when it comes to that
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00571-00125224-00125399 we just ask that you don't put anything
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00572-00125400-00125614 in between the window
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00573-00125615-00125919 the window blinds and the actual window
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00574-00125920-00126166 so you can have curtains or decor or
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00575-00126167-00126319 anything like that on the inside of your
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00576-00126320-00126366 room
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00577-00126367-00126463 we just want to make sure that
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00578-00126464-00126719 everything's up to fire code right
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00579-00126720-00126990 sherry asks is the black metal rail at
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00580-00126991-00127190 the top of the bed frame removable
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00581-00127191-00127399 it is it's basically just a stabilizer
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00582-00127400-00127519 bar
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00583-00127520-00127839 so with these tall bed frames
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00584-00127840-00128047 we typically put in a stabilizer bar but
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00585-00128048-00128207 we do have some bed frames that
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00586-00128208-00128463 are shorter um and those don't
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00587-00128464-00128671 necessarily need the stabilizer bar
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00588-00128672-00129039 so removable stabilizer stabilizing bar
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00589-00129040-00129407 okay well this is the perfect time to
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00590-00129408-00129543 ask any more questions we're happy to
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00591-00129544-00129647 answer them
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00592-00129648-00129847 we'll do a quick you know mattress
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00593-00129848-00130054 length measurement that tends to be one
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00594-00130055-00130966 that's very popular
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00595-00130967-00131454 78 inches 78 inches
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00596-00131455-00131663 so the long mattress is typically by the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00597-00131664-00131854 window okay so this is one of the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00598-00131855-00132007 residence halls where
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00599-00132008-00132214 there's two different sizes so 75 right
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00600-00132215-00132311 there
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00601-00132312-00132695 yeah okay so 75 in that direction
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00602-00132696-00133102 okay okay and you and your roommate can
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00603-00133103-00133207 decide who gets
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00604-00133208-00133495 the long bed and who gets the short bed
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00605-00133496-00133671 you can do it by height or by preference
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00606-00133672-00133775 whatever you want
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00607-00133776-00133943 um but since you will be living with a
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00608-00133944-00134095 roommate if there are any issues you
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00609-00134096-00134311 have any questions or need any resources
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00610-00134312-00134454 we do have student staff who live in the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00611-00134455-00134535 building called
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00612-00134536-00134783 ras and they're basically here to help
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00613-00134784-00134943 you with any questions you have they are
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00614-00134944-00135143 students on this campus
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00615-00135144-00135399 as well but they're pretty much here to
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00616-00135400-00135471 help you
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00617-00135472-00135775 and your experience in humphreys nice
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00618-00135776-00135919 couple more questions came in jennifer
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00619-00135920-00136183 asks are both beds twin sized and we
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00620-00136184-00136278 just confirmed no
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00621-00136279-00136535 one one is um what is our designation
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00622-00136536-00136751 how do we call them
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00623-00136752-00136966 uh-huh and then a twin large maybe or
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00624-00136967-00137071 some um
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00625-00137072-00137407 there's a there's a 78 and a 75. 75
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00626-00137408-00137711 is right there against the door uh angie
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00627-00137712-00137871 asked how deep is the window ledge so
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00628-00137872-00138054 wait that was the one we didn't get so
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00629-00138055-00138102 yep
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00630-00138103-00138495 don't mind getting the depth
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00631-00138496-00138831 16. 16 inches is the depth angie
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00632-00138832-00139007 uh gail asked how many outlets are in
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00633-00139008-00139190 the room a lot a lot
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00634-00139191-00139351 of times there's like as many as 10 but
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00635-00139352-00139495 i don't know exactly so we have
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00636-00139496-00139878 two um by each of the desks we have two
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00637-00139879-00140119 by the mirrors and then i think there's
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00638-00140120-00140359 a couple in the corners as well
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00639-00140360-00140566 so there's a good amount of outlets so
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00640-00140567-00140751 between eight and ten does that sound
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00641-00140752-00140831 right
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00642-00140832-00141263 yeah okay um
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00643-00141264-00141599 jessica asked are all the window beds
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00644-00141600-00141863 excel twin yes they should be they
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00645-00141864-00141959 should they should be
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00646-00141960-00142263 yeah okay
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00647-00142264-00142390 let's hang out for a second see if any
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00648-00142391-00142583 more questions come in yeah
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00649-00142584-00142711 and we do have like we did the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00650-00142712-00142926 measurements we have really huge windows
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00651-00142927-00143054 and humphreys i know a lot of our
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00652-00143055-00143190 students bring a lot of plants
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00653-00143191-00143495 in um i have a lot of plants in my
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00654-00143496-00143647 windows so you'll probably see them from
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00655-00143648-00143831 the outside but
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00656-00143832-00144031 you also get such a great view living at
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00657-00144032-00144175 humphreys especially on some of the top
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00658-00144176-00144271 floors
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00659-00144272-00144575 what's the best thing to grow it depends
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00660-00144576-00144743 on what you want to grow
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00661-00144744-00144878 what's what plan of yours is doing the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00662-00144879-00145047 best what plan of mine is doing the best
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00663-00145048-00145271 um i actually am growing an avocado tree
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00664-00145272-00145487 right now and it is about
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00665-00145488-00145695 almost five feet tall so it's almost
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00666-00145696-00145878 getting taller than me
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00667-00145879-00146119 um but it's doing really really great
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00668-00146120-00146311 that's amazing an avocado tree
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00669-00146312-00146575 uh christy asks what are the depths of
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00670-00146576-00146671 the two
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00671-00146672-00146895 closet shelves and what is the height
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00672-00146896-00147083 between the bottom and the top shelf so
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00673-00147084-00147375 absolutely 16. i already measured it you
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00674-00147376-00147663 already mentioned
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00675-00147664-00147983 what is that this one is 16. 16. yeah
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00676-00147984-00148326 and then the top one nine
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00677-00148327-00148575 nine and how much friendly does that one
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00678-00148576-00148735 come out for this one
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00679-00148736-00149031 you got masking yeah i just just
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00680-00149032-00149143 measured this one
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00681-00149144-00149319 oh yeah you want to make sure that i get
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00682-00149320-00149495 those two i'm sorry the first one was
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00683-00149496-00149647 what
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00684-00149648-00149883 okay the depth of the closet shelves is
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00685-00149884-00150102 16. and the top one
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00686-00150103-00150359 is 20. 20 and a half for the top one
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00687-00150360-00150463 nine inches apart
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00688-00150464-00150614 and nine inches apart from each other
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00689-00150615-00150775 christy
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00690-00150776-00150966 brandy asks uh can you hang stuff from
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00691-00150967-00151087 the ceiling
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00692-00151088-00151454 um technically you can um we ask that
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00693-00151455-00151526 you don't
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00694-00151527-00151702 puncture any holes in any of the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00695-00151703-00151887 ceilings walls etc
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00696-00151888-00152054 um it'd be really hard to puncture holes
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00697-00152055-00152159 in the walls since they're made out of
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00698-00152160-00152287 cinder block
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00699-00152288-00152511 um and we ask that you don't cover any
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00700-00152512-00152687 of the lights or the smoke detectors or
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00701-00152688-00152807 anything like that but
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00702-00152808-00153111 um so technically you can if you want to
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00703-00153112-00153302 put a poster or something on the ceiling
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00704-00153303-00153431 but you wouldn't be able to hang
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00705-00153432-00153519 anything
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00706-00153520-00153823 heavy or drill any holes anymore and if
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00707-00153824-00153935 there is damage to the building
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00708-00153936-00154039 unfortunately at the end of the year we
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00709-00154040-00154199 have to charge for that so
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00710-00154200-00154478 always be aware of will this damage the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00711-00154479-00154695 the property before i move out
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00712-00154696-00154839 um let's you've got a couple more
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00713-00154840-00155087 questions coming in uh sherry asked how
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00714-00155088-00155471 deep are the shelves above the desks
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00715-00155472-00156454 let's
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00716-00156455-00156751 see if it matches nine inches exactly
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00717-00156752-00156831 well there we are
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00718-00156832-00157063 again the website has that information
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00719-00157064-00157135 that's great
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00720-00157136-00157519 it was like that um sheamus asks
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00721-00157520-00157735 how do you request your bed be raised
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00722-00157736-00157863 bunked and
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00723-00157864-00158031 the way you do that is you go through
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00724-00158032-00158283 our website
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00725-00158284-00158495 housing.uart.edu fix
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00726-00158496-00158975 it fix it and you can make that request
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00727-00158976-00159231 uh you can also i believe on the housing
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00728-00159232-00159399 website request to have
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00729-00159400-00159614 a we have the option of putting a mini
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00730-00159615-00159831 fridge microwave combo
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00731-00159832-00159983 which you can basically rent for the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00732-00159984-00160143 semester of the year
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00733-00160144-00160254 so i believe that's through the housing
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00734-00160255-00160487 website as well
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00735-00160488-00160743 and if not there it's on movein.uart.edu
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00736-00160744-00160823 as well
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00737-00160824-00161083 and i also think it is on
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00738-00161084-00161207 leadhogs.uart.edu
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00739-00161208-00161375 so a couple different places where you
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00740-00161376-00161566 can make that rental if you wish
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00741-00161567-00161990 um okay jennifer asks what size rug fits
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00742-00161991-00162047 best
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00743-00162048-00162223 and maybe what we do is we just give the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00744-00162224-00162483 dimensions and then she can make that
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00745-00162484-00162783 call
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00746-00162784-00163197 between the beds and then
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00747-00163198-00163414 [Music]
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00748-00163415-00163575 eight feet between the bed seven feet
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00749-00163576-00163919 between the bed seven feet between the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00750-00163920-00164495 from like the beds to the desk
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00751-00164496-00164790 91 inches and then 91 inches in that
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00752-00164791-00164863 direction
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00753-00164864-00165038 gail asked what can be used to put
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00754-00165039-00165302 things on the wall command strips
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00755-00165303-00165495 something else we recommend command
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00756-00165496-00165663 strips command strips
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00757-00165664-00165951 uh painters tape is what we use to hang
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00758-00165952-00166126 all our flyers so
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00759-00166127-00166390 if that is in your aesthetic feel free
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00760-00166391-00166551 to use that
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00761-00166552-00166790 just be careful just be careful taking
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00762-00166791-00166935 everything off the wall
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00763-00166936-00167087 when you're done typically command ships
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00764-00167088-00167231 come with instructions on how to remove
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00765-00167232-00167383 them so i would follow those when you're
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00766-00167384-00167454 ready to
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00767-00167455-00167702 move out at the end of the year john
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00768-00167703-00167790 asked where
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00769-00167791-00168063 are the air conditioner vents yes so the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00770-00168064-00168207 air conditioner vent is
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00771-00168208-00168526 basically on the wall near the window
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00772-00168527-00168895 um so every room has one of these
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00773-00168896-00169166 unfortunately there is no ac control
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00774-00169167-00169199 well
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00775-00169200-00169343 there is ac control in the room so i
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00776-00169344-00169551 almost made a mistake um so you can
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00777-00169552-00169838 control the ac temperature in your room
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00778-00169839-00170254 um it is right there
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00779-00170255-00170438 wonderful so yeah right there is the ac
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00780-00170439-00170623 control
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00781-00170624-00171014 okay angie asks um when not lofted does
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00782-00171015-00171047 the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00783-00171048-00171287 fridge usually go to the go at the door
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00784-00171288-00171487 of the window bed
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00785-00171488-00171807 um you can rearrange the extra furniture
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00786-00171808-00171943 that you bring in pretty much however
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00787-00171944-00172095 you want
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00788-00172096-00172295 so i've seen sometimes people put many
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00789-00172296-00172487 fridges in their closets i've seen them
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00790-00172488-00172535 put them
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00791-00172536-00172751 under their bed i've seen them put them
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00792-00172752-00172935 next to the bed so it's really whatever
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00793-00172936-00173119 you want of however you want to decorate
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00794-00173120-00173351 your room
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00795-00173352-00173607 and then jennifer asks what size rug
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00796-00173608-00173726 fits here do most people with their
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00797-00173727-00173895 teeth well asked do most people put
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00798-00173896-00174063 their tvs
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00799-00174064-00174238 uh where do people put their tvs
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00800-00174239-00174431 typically in humphrey's room um
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00801-00174432-00174726 so for the rooms that have tvs that
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00802-00174727-00174902 people bring their own tvs i've seen
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00803-00174903-00174966 them
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00804-00174967-00175166 on the dresser i've seen them in the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00805-00175167-00175351 closets
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00806-00175352-00175519 it's really kind of whatever works for
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00807-00175520-00175654 you so
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00808-00175655-00175975 um for you and your roommate so you know
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00809-00175976-00176175 if you wanted to put a tv here and block
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00810-00176176-00176302 the mirror that might be something to
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00811-00176303-00176559 discuss with your roommate beforehand
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00812-00176560-00176823 um and morgan asks is there a mallet
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00813-00176824-00176887 provided
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00814-00176888-00177119 in the room to loft the bed yourself and
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00815-00177120-00177343 we do have a limited number of
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00816-00177344-00177526 mallets i believe during a move-in but
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00817-00177527-00177671 we really strongly
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00818-00177672-00177807 strongly encourage you to bring your own
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00819-00177808-00178014 mallet if you want to use that to do
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00820-00178015-00178102 lofting
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00821-00178103-00178254 or you can use us you just have to get
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00822-00178255-00178414 that work order in yes
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00823-00178415-00178743 uh with mallets like you just said we
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00824-00178744-00178919 have a limited amount you can rent them
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00825-00178920-00179014 out during
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00826-00179015-00179166 move-in but a lot of people you
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00827-00179167-00179278 typically want to use them during
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00828-00179279-00179511 move-in uh same thing with dollies
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00829-00179512-00179695 is we have a very limited amount of
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00830-00179696-00179863 dollies so we always recommend you bring
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00831-00179864-00180078 your own for moving as well
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00832-00180079-00180199 yeah if you want those things you're
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00833-00180200-00180343 probably going to wait a little while i
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00834-00180344-00180495 know it's just one more weight to have
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00835-00180496-00180695 to endure on a move-in day so
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00836-00180696-00180990 always best to bring your own things um
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00837-00180991-00181038 yeah
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00838-00181039-00181238 okay well got a lot of really great
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00839-00181239-00181351 questions as we've
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00840-00181352-00181647 uh toured humphreys and we're excited
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00841-00181648-00181775 for next year
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00842-00181776-00181951 uh you know if a couple more come in the
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00843-00181952-00182111 next minute we'll take them but
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00844-00182112-00182238 otherwise tell us what are you thinking
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00845-00182239-00182375 what do you think this fall is going to
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00846-00182376-00182463 be like
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00847-00182464-00182751 um i think this fall is going to be very
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00848-00182752-00182926 creative i think with everything going
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00849-00182927-00182990 on
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00850-00182991-00183199 in the world it's changed a lot of
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00851-00183200-00183407 things but i think that it's going to
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00852-00183408-00183638 allow us to be super creative and get to
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00853-00183639-00183871 know one another in different ways so
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00854-00183872-00184047 i'm still excited for fall and i think
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00855-00184048-00184295 it's going to be a really fun semester
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00856-00184296-00184487 me too and we're excited to have you
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00857-00184488-00184599 come here this fall
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00858-00184600-00184902 and uh would you mind waving us out bye
+Y7s2IeYxYA8-00859-00184903-00185184 y'all
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00000-00000691-00001236 thank you
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00001-00001237-00003377 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00002-00003378-00005249 foreign
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00003-00005250-00006514 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00004-00006515-00007111 fingers
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00005-00007112-00009355 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00006-00009356-00009533 without me
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00007-00009534-00009763 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00008-00009764-00010096 we come beautiful
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00009-00010097-00012935 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00010-00012936-00013376 foreign
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00012-00016501-00017240 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00013-00017241-00017585 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00014-00017586-00017903 foreign
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00015-00017904-00018807 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00016-00018808-00020268 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00017-00020269-00020875 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00018-00020876-00021176 you're welcome
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00019-00021177-00023227 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00020-00023228-00023791 keep God
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00021-00023792-00024167 our chance
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00022-00024168-00024876 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00023-00024877-00026258 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00024-00026260-00026501 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00025-00026502-00026687 foreign
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00026-00026688-00029306 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00027-00029307-00030083 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00028-00030083-00030443 foreign
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00029-00030444-00031489 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00030-00031491-00032195 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00031-00032195-00032205 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00032-00032206-00032462 [Applause]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00033-00032463-00032853 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00034-00032854-00034140 [Applause]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00035-00034141-00034690 thank you
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00036-00034691-00034979 everybody
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00037-00034980-00037181 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00038-00037182-00037647 foreign
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00040-00042319-00042704 inside my homework almost
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00041-00042705-00043379 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00042-00043380-00043967 foreign
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00043-00043968-00045227 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00044-00045228-00045760 foreign
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00045-00045761-00047250 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00046-00047251-00048460 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00047-00048461-00049581 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00048-00049582-00051461 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00049-00051462-00051790 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00050-00051791-00052153 foreign
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00051-00052154-00053812 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00052-00053813-00055196 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00053-00055197-00056722 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00054-00056723-00057363 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00055-00057364-00059328 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00056-00059329-00060538 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00057-00060539-00061579 [Music]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00058-00061579-00062559 my husband
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00059-00062560-00062869 [Applause]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00060-00062870-00064379 say foreign
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00061-00064379-00064685 search for I
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00062-00064686-00065520 don't know
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00063-00065521-00066485 [Applause]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00064-00066486-00067284 this is
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00065-00067285-00067900 [Applause]
+Y82i4l4ZOUE-00066-00067901-00068144 thank you
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00000-00000152-00000407 oh what's this thing
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00001-00000408-00000623 oh is that just the teleport building
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00002-00000624-00000751 that's the teleport building yeah
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00003-00000752-00000950 buying ammo we have infinite ammo on the
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00004-00000951-00001166 ship
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00005-00001167-00001335 oh man i feel like somebody's mum when i
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00006-00001336-00001511 say that we have ammo at home
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00007-00001512-00001959 yeah captains logs see us into punk
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00008-00001960-00002110 long-range sensors have picked up
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00009-00002111-00002350 another bounty hunter on our trail
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00010-00002351-00002510 and we have to decide whether to wait
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00011-00002511-00002695 for them to come to us or go on the
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00012-00002696-00002895 offensive
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00013-00002896-00003063 but we want to know why the bounty
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00014-00003064-00003270 hunter's system was drawn in red
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00015-00003271-00003719 on the star chart
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00016-00003720-00003863 where's this bounty hunter so the bounty
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00017-00003864-00004135 hunter is actually on the way here
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00018-00004136-00004399 oh no they're they're in the next system
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00019-00004400-00004767 they're one away from us
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00020-00004768-00005070 so have they moved was mike right they
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00021-00005071-00005254 have moved and they've jumped again
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00022-00005255-00005559 in fact ah but they've not jumped into
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00023-00005560-00005711 our system
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00024-00005712-00005934 and they're not jumping into our system
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00025-00005935-00006102 i think maybe the game doesn't let them
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00026-00006103-00006175 do that
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00027-00006176-00006311 because it would be a bit lame if they
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00028-00006312-00006470 ambushed you while you were on a planet
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00029-00006472-00006518 yes
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00030-00006519-00006951 i agree that's probably true yeah
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00031-00006952-00007303 we have to get be a good idea if we just
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00032-00007304-00007359 go
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00033-00007359-00007695 and kill the baby hunter whilst we
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00034-00007695-00007942 in a place where we're not definitely
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00035-00007943-00008023 running into an
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00036-00008023-00008191 another enemy because we don't want to
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00037-00008192-00008414 go to the bounty hunter
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00038-00008415-00008542 we don't want the bounty head the flying
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00039-00008543-00008759 to us when we're going somewhere else
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00040-00008760-00008942 that we know we're gonna fight someone
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00041-00008943-00009183 we also don't want them
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00042-00009184-00009406 complicating an existing firefight yeah
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00043-00009407-00009527 that's right what's gonna happen if we
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00044-00009528-00009671 jump into our next mission
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00045-00009672-00011283 okay so the bounty
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00046-00011284-00011942 music
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00047-00011943-00013022 doesn't sound like a bounty hunter
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00048-00013023-00013158 well we've got to take the targets we
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00049-00013159-00013319 have many shields and i'm doing very
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00050-00013319-00013679 well
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00051-00013680-00013911 oh the bounty hunters showed up oh [__]
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00052-00013912-00014047 okay okay just finish
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00053-00014047-00014655 up oh yeah i'm gonna go
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00054-00014656-00014894 oh this is sick bad get the issue
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00055-00014895-00015030 healing back on
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00056-00015031-00015799 oh yeah
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00057-00015800-00016127 [__] it's lagging yeah sorry we've just
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00058-00016128-00016279 gone right around like a record because
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00059-00016280-00016711 i can't see anything
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00060-00016712-00017094 yep uh there is now something
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00061-00017095-00017230 clinging to the front of the ship i
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00062-00017231-00017463 think we've been infected by a thing
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00063-00017464-00018503 oh yeah don't know what to do about that
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00064-00018504-00018735 uh yeah take the bounty hunters yeah
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00065-00018736-00018814 just like
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00066-00018815-00018991 shoot with bounty hunters probably
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00067-00018992-00019199 officially
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00068-00019200-00019430 yeah if you have some shields okay take
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00069-00019431-00019591 bravo
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00070-00019592-00019863 yeah where is he uh wrong can't shoot
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00071-00019864-00020030 that thing uh where is bravo where is he
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00072-00020031-00020158 where is he going
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00073-00020159-00020447 i don't have brother every so often the
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00074-00020448-00020639 ship is turning his engines off and
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00075-00020640-00020814 flipping around we have been infected by
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00076-00020815-00020967 a thing so it's going to really affect
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00077-00020968-00021007 how
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00078-00021008-00021158 yeah our heat is really bad as well get
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00079-00021159-00021486 to engineering
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00080-00021487-00021711 okay there's a in fact there's something
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00081-00021712-00021863 on the ship
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00082-00021864-00022119 yes that's what i said no i mean i think
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00083-00022120-00022207 there was a thing
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00084-00022208-00022383 we already know that okay it's come off
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00085-00022384-00022575 now no i mean there are enemies that's
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00086-00022576-00022607 for
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00087-00022608-00022767 this [__] i've been shooting okay
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00088-00022768-00022903 something is not around the back of the
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00089-00022904-00022999 ship
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00090-00023000-00023214 okay well it's coming the weapons um
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00091-00023215-00023399 there may well be some other places
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00092-00023400-00023711 and we should yeah
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00093-00023712-00024039 okay all right
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00094-00024040-00024183 yeah let's keep shooting the infected
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00095-00024184-00024383 carrier yeah okay well what do we do
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00096-00024384-00024455 about this thing
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00097-00024456-00024863 yeah just to do with that first now yeah
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00098-00024864-00025039 a large number of things with tentacles
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00099-00025040-00025622 have grabbed the ship
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00100-00025623-00025943 uh uh engineer
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00101-00025944-00026295 load of programs we've been boarded and
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00102-00026295-00026455 i think we've been boarded a lot yeah
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00103-00026456-00026495 those
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00104-00026495-00027462 enemies on the bridge yeah
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00105-00027463-00027687 make sure the atrium is on yep it is
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00106-00027688-00028174 yeah
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00107-00028175-00028574 mike shoot the ship's weapons
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00108-00028575-00028790 all right oh okay we need to be like
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00109-00028791-00028879 shooting at the ship
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00110-00028880-00029343 like fighting this battle is not useful
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00111-00029344-00029646 they're just gonna keep spawning uh did
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00112-00029647-00029743 you want to
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00113-00029744-00030007 run a program then do that i did i
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00114-00030008-00030167 wanted to run shield boosting yeah all
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00115-00030168-00030295 right well
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00116-00030295-00030543 try it you should be with him now okay i
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00117-00030544-00030751 am not doing any appreciable damage to
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00118-00030752-00030935 this
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00119-00030936-00031207 um thing true maybe we need to jump out
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00120-00031208-00031790 yeah we are ready to jump if we align
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00121-00031791-00031967 wasn't this wasn't killing this thing
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00122-00031968-00032127 the mission no no
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00123-00032127-00032262 this was just a random we don't want to
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00124-00032263-00032390 go there though that's the mission we're
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00125-00032391-00032487 going to
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00126-00032488-00032855 let's go to the research station
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00127-00032856-00033295 sorry i i've uh put it on the map
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00128-00033296-00033743 yep we do need to like move soon
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00129-00033744-00034031 i will jump as soon as ready give us the
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00130-00034032-00035083 lines
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00131-00035084-00035215 blind
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00132-00035216-00035559 shields are recharging okay
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00133-00035560-00035783 uh while we're in warp i'm gonna go and
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00134-00035784-00035967 heal all right let's check the ship for
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00135-00035968-00036151 any other borders as well yeah that's
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00136-00036152-00036351 also what i was doing oh man the disco
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00137-00036352-00036943 lights just take such a toll
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00138-00036944-00037055 that's not what you're doing you're
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00139-00037056-00037271 standing in the atrium getting healed
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00140-00037272-00037518 yes that's not checking the ship for
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00141-00037519-00037630 borders was
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00142-00037631-00037815 checking one part of the ship football
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00143-00037816-00038462 yes but you know
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00144-00038463-00038687 i think we're good i think we're fine
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00145-00038688-00038999 yeah
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00146-00039000-00039167 we don't want any surprises here let's
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00147-00039168-00039327 check make a thorough check
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00148-00039328-00039830 yes but we did get a surprise
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00149-00039831-00040062 while in warp our comms network had a
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00150-00040063-00040183 malfunction
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00151-00040184-00040374 throwing the ship into a space-time
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00152-00040375-00040535 vortex
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00153-00040536-00040783 i was the first back to my station and i
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00154-00040784-00040974 saw the vortex had thrown us
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00155-00040975-00041399 back into infected space
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00156-00041400-00042239 get in quickly before the ship blows up
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00157-00042240-00042567 i'm just doing everything myself i'm
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00158-00042568-00042943 yeah okay again i don't see it either
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00159-00042944-00043743 did i change the button oh yeah
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00160-00043744-00044062 okay um
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00161-00044063-00044183 i don't know what's happened here but i
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00162-00044184-00044358 can't pilot the chip now i'm piloting
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00163-00044359-00044415 the ship
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00164-00044416-00044630 okay we're aligned jump jump jump jump
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00165-00044631-00044839 okay i will do it when we
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00166-00044840-00045343 jump close charged
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00167-00045344-00046095 ah charged there we go okay
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00168-00046096-00046407 oh that was in our escape
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00169-00046408-00046623 so yeah that's uh that was an infected
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00170-00046624-00046767 system we don't want to go to any more
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00171-00046768-00047111 of those
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00172-00047112-00047295 i assumed the infected was to do with
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00173-00047296-00047423 those personal things but those weren't
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00174-00047424-00047518 crystals
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00175-00047519-00047630 they looked like the squiddies from the
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00176-00047631-00047911 matrix yeah unfortunately we
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00177-00047912-00048111 i think we are going to have to go back
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00178-00048112-00048327 to some of those to get
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00179-00048328-00048662 to our missions so the report from
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00180-00048663-00048846 the um the report that we found on the
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00181-00048847-00049039 research station said the whole areas of
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00182-00049040-00049102 space
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00183-00049103-00049486 had been turned into those crystals
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00184-00049487-00050095 and there was attacking ships
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00185-00050096-00050543 um and i think that's what that was
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00186-00050544-00050679 so i'm looking at the star map i don't
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00187-00050680-00050790 really understand it because i don't use
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00188-00050791-00050974 it very often
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00189-00050975-00051118 which is a bit awkward really as you're
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00190-00051119-00051302 the helm officer
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00191-00051303-00051807 yeah really okay
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00192-00051808-00051950 you'd think the helmsman would know how
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00193-00051951-00052111 to use a map but go on
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00194-00052112-00052270 what i mean what's your query it's not
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00195-00052271-00052503 super we're going to go on
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00196-00052504-00052654 that's something that you need if you're
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00197-00052655-00052815 actually just piloting the ship around
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00198-00052816-00052903 the system much
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00199-00052904-00053119 [Music]
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00200-00053120-00053887 loading terribly slowly um
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00201-00053888-00054038 okay well i'm gonna drop this out in one
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00202-00054039-00054342 three two if everybody could be ready
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00203-00054344-00054559 okay yeah i don't really need to know
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00204-00054560-00054679 what's happening on that map
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00205-00054679-00055023 dropping ads
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00206-00055024-00055279 oh we found a a um a fluffy biscuit
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00207-00055279-00055479 company ship called the ham hoarders
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00208-00055479-00055854 let's talk to them we work with biscuits
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00209-00055855-00055903 so much
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00210-00055904-00056054 we can't think of anything else to talk
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00211-00056055-00056279 about anymore
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00212-00056279-00057047 let's just close the channel to them
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00213-00057048-00057230 okay all right let's go to the repair
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00214-00057232-00057399 station and we should
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00215-00057400-00057599 we should just buy some more missiles
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00216-00057600-00057711 again while we're at it
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00217-00057712-00058054 because i mean we we're
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00218-00058055-00058319 not no one saying we may as well buy
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00219-00058320-00058519 them
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00220-00058520-00058950 i always feel like maybe i'm being a bit
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00221-00058951-00059375 brave in ordering the shields down
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00222-00059376-00059591 before we've safely made it inside the
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00223-00059591-00059838 repair depot
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00224-00059839-00060191 yeah at least if we do have an accident
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00225-00060191-00060430 we're in the right place for it
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00226-00060432-00060799 yeah well you need repair uh we crashed
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00227-00060800-00061094 to the repair ship
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00228-00061095-00061359 what what number am i going to uh so
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00229-00061360-00061494 we'll be going to one one
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00230-00061495-00062838 two three
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00231-00062839-00063559 i think
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00232-00063560-00064311 okay
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00233-00064312-00064519 all right okay apparently that means
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00234-00064520-00064759 jump but fine
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00235-00064760-00065230 well okay we were already prepared
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00236-00065232-00065487 so this might become infected while
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00237-00065488-00065575 we're in transit
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00238-00065576-00065882 so let's be ready to jump again
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00239-00065883-00066415 immediately
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00240-00066416-00066623 okay sorry i i didn't have time to check
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00241-00066624-00066775 that i don't know where that is
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00242-00066776-00067006 all right we seem to be fine to the left
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00243-00067007-00067231 there's a planet
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00244-00067232-00067535 uh stilts and shunders do we want to try
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00245-00067536-00067871 do you want to look at that
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00246-00067872-00068103 i don't know what it is i'm lined up if
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00247-00068104-00068191 we go what
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00248-00068192-00068438 is there's a ten we have the option to
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00249-00068439-00068682 teleport to a place called
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00250-00068683-00069015 stills stilts and shunders i don't know
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00251-00069016-00069191 what it is i assume it's a shop of some
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00252-00069192-00069231 kind
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00253-00069232-00069487 so this is the size of a crust crashed
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00254-00069488-00069606 starship
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00255-00069607-00070082 oh okay and can't we just go straight to
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00256-00070083-00070679 1750
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00257-00070680-00071482 there's there's two mission related ones
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00258-00071483-00071719 yeah uh but yeah do we want to check out
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00259-00071720-00071871 this this planet or do we just want to
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00260-00071872-00071950 go
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00261-00071951-00072150 i don't mind i mean we yeah i think
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00262-00072151-00072311 check it we might as well check it out
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00263-00072312-00072687 yeah we're here why is the music getting
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00264-00072688-00072855 more excitable
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00265-00072856-00073223 i don't it is yeah
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00266-00073224-00073471 i feel like we should okay assemble the
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00267-00073472-00073582 transport room
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00268-00073583-00075006 beam down energize
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00269-00075007-00075135 oh this is not going to be good for
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00270-00075136-00075350 droids is it
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00271-00075351-00075815 no this is um
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00272-00075816-00075991 is it going to be more amps they might
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00273-00075992-00076143 be they're kind of stretching off in a
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00274-00076144-00076238 line
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00275-00076239-00076711 to our 10 o'clock oh [__]
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00276-00076712-00077047 what did this guy say he looks quite
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00277-00077048-00077126 surly
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00278-00077127-00077759 he's on solid high food
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00279-00077760-00077911 oh he assures us he's not doing anything
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00280-00077912-00078126 illegal so uh good for him
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00281-00078127-00078431 he has chosen okay he's legal
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00282-00078432-00079182 illegal but he just tells us
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00283-00079183-00079503 oh what's this thing oh it's actually
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00284-00079504-00079655 the title down there
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00285-00079656-00079862 that's the teleport building yeah we
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00286-00079863-00080191 have infinite ammo on the ship
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00287-00080192-00080367 oh man i feel like somebody's mum when i
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00288-00080368-00080543 say that we have ammo at home
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00289-00080544-00080767 yeah i have to like i have about ten
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00290-00080768-00080871 clicks of ammo
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00291-00080872-00081031 in my locker because i just keep going
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00292-00081032-00081223 to the thing and picking it up
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00293-00081224-00081359 and putting it in my locker so we don't
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00294-00081360-00081655 waste it
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00295-00081656-00081967 there'll be a door here
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00296-00081968-00082126 maybe we can get into the ship you're
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00297-00082127-00082359 there yeah there is a door
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00298-00082360-00082687 perhaps okay
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00299-00082688-00083079 in wish you could buy the ammo
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00300-00083080-00083279 um yeah yes and i found onto the top of
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00301-00083280-00083518 the thing yeah okay
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00302-00083519-00083694 there's not much interest it's the
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00303-00083695-00083847 classic thing of like find the highest
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00304-00083848-00083911 pick
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00305-00083912-00084015 find the highest point in the map and
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00306-00084016-00085031 throw yourself off it
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00307-00085032-00085223 sometimes you go and seek out the
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00308-00085224-00085838 strange new life forms
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00309-00085839-00085975 this is a very strange place for this
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00310-00085976-00086191 guy to have what appears to be like
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00311-00086192-00086511 some kind of bar yeah yeah
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00312-00086512-00086679 look i've done it with a crack yeah
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00313-00086680-00086838 maybe we should have warned him that the
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00314-00086839-00087175 space infection is like coming here
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00315-00087176-00087350 yeah he'll find out maybe we should have
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00316-00087351-00087647 warned him to get a third point
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00317-00087648-00088087 shadow in the wall okay i'm going back
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00318-00088088-00088282 okay in that case we are all back on
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00319-00088283-00088462 board
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00320-00088463-00088711 um so i'm lined up on the thing whenever
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00321-00088712-00089079 we want to jump
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00322-00089080-00089350 okay well rcx is not currently at his
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00323-00089351-00089606 post
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00324-00089607-00089982 because he's getting me more beer i hope
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00325-00089983-00090150 that's the only way i'm going to forgive
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00326-00090151-00090375 him
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00327-00090376-00090662 is he on reddit again he's not even in
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00328-00090663-00091103 the room
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00329-00091104-00091287 i assume he's gone to the head to sing
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00330-00091288-00091431 happy birthday twice but
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00331-00091432-00092038 um
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00332-00092039-00092287 i think you need to uh discipline him
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00333-00092288-00092482 some more
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00334-00092483-00093847 uh
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00335-00093848-00094318 moving the nose of the ship down finger
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00336-00094319-00094526 okay okay that's the umbra it can't
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00337-00094527-00094679 detect this yet
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00338-00094680-00094894 there's also a grace layer which can
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00339-00094895-00095255 detect us and he's a partnership
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00340-00095256-00095447 okay uh weapons which one do you want to
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00341-00095448-00095599 target uh
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00342-00095600-00095743 uh it was just the one that's shooting
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00343-00095744-00095911 we are unable to move so
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00344-00095912-00096126 we may be in trouble okay that's fine
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00345-00096127-00096262 i've cleared the virus we should be able
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00346-00096263-00096374 to move again
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00347-00096375-00096526 okay yeah we can move out which one are
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00348-00096527-00098047 you okay uh i'm
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00349-00098048-00099023 that game um also
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00350-00099024-00099215 uh they've disabled our quantum shield
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00351-00099216-00099567 so we we might be getting boarded soon
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00352-00099568-00099718 the
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00353-00099719-00099959 what's the red red flashing eye is that
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00354-00099960-00100087 ascending of the virus or is that
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00355-00100088-00100174 boarding us
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00356-00100175-00100494 i do not know
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00357-00100495-00100647 i guess we'll find out why is it not
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00358-00100648-00102318 dying that guy's better
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00359-00102319-00102439 i don't know what you should be
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00360-00102440-00102766 attacking another ship oh
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00361-00102767-00103054 this way where are flying yep no no
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00362-00103055-00103175 finding ships is not difficult it's
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00363-00103176-00104094 finding the roofing it's difficult
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00364-00104095-00104254 uh you need to go look down further i
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00365-00104255-00104471 can't see it yeah there's an asteroid in
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00366-00104472-00104751 the way
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00367-00104752-00106127 oh he's being a dodgy he's dodging me
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00368-00106128-00106631 no that's because we've got a virus
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00369-00106632-00106799 oh uh it doesn't seem to be a problem
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00370-00106800-00107007 right now
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00371-00107008-00107327 uh shot me i think we've been boarded oh
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00372-00107328-00107566 we've been shot
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00373-00107567-00108231 no it's just fire on the bridge
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00374-00108232-00108543 can you keep us moving please help
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00375-00108544-00108695 okay so that we don't take as many
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00376-00108696-00108854 missiles intruders
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00377-00108855-00109247 in the transporter room i don't
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00378-00109248-00109671 okay good work
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00379-00109672-00110551 there's some scrap here to collect
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00380-00110552-00110854 yeah intruders seem to be dying okay
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00381-00110855-00111278 a walk station yeah okay
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00382-00111279-00111623 well there isn't one in range
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00383-00111624-00112039 zero yep okay so i'm going to
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00384-00112040-00112254 four five one doesn't mean one jump into
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00385-00112255-00112351 wd space
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00386-00112352-00112519 and they're not here yeah i see that be
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00387-00112520-00112751 with us yeah i mean
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00388-00112752-00113254 i think we'll be fine yeah okay
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00389-00113255-00113534 in the right direction uh i think the
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00390-00113535-00113623 choices are
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00391-00113624-00113734 in fact i think that we could
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00392-00113735-00113943 technically not go through their space
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00393-00113944-00114254 okay so um
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00394-00114255-00114534 i've had some intel from cu command uh
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00395-00114535-00114710 thanks beat on the stream
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00396-00114711-00115047 uh the flashing red thing above the
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00397-00115048-00115143 ships
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00398-00115144-00115495 in the turret is their emergency beacon
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00399-00115496-00115815 which means they're summoning okay
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00400-00115816-00116015 so that means that that means they're
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00401-00116016-00116143 calling for help that means they're
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00402-00116144-00116175 going
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00403-00116176-00116615 to hell indeed oh that's interesting
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00404-00116616-00116758 so you have to destroy them too okay
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00405-00116759-00116927 we're lined up anyway reinforcements
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00406-00116928-00116983 coming in
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00407-00116983-00117302 or disable their columns or something
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00408-00117303-00117615 so yeah the star map does help so i
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00409-00117616-00117734 should be a bit quicker about finding
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00410-00117735-00117886 the blue dots now
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00411-00117888-00118215 okay good so you've levelled up them
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00412-00118216-00118486 uh well i leveled up before i've also
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00413-00118488-00118631 got better at the game
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00414-00118632-00118783 that's what i mean that's the real
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00415-00118783-00118990 leveling up
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00416-00118991-00119158 perhaps the real leveling up with the
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00417-00119159-00119766 biscuits we get along the way
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00418-00119767-00120143 okay okay and here we are
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00419-00120144-00120286 we don't need to start jump because
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00420-00120288-00121671 we're going through the warp gates
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00421-00121672-00121966 it's always the worst possible alignment
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00422-00121967-00122254 for you
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00423-00122255-00122510 who's waiting for you i think if you go
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00424-00122511-00122647 through it this way we'll have the stars
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00425-00122648-00122975 going backwards again
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00426-00122976-00123302 uh okay but fine
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00427-00123303-00123543 i mean i could line up and then reverse
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00428-00123544-00123847 through it in this direction
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00429-00123848-00124166 where star trekking across these i don't
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00430-00124167-00124310 think that i don't think reversing
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00431-00124311-00124431 through will help i think it's
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00432-00124432-00124686 like the relationship between our so
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00433-00124688-00124831 like i think if you turn around 90
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00434-00124832-00124999 degrees and went sideways through it
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00435-00125000-00125343 we'd be going through a sideways jump
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00436-00125344-00125495 i mean i can try that with maneuvering
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00437-00125496-00125678 thrusters if you really want
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00438-00125679-00125910 i i've had too much beer for that i
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00439-00125911-00125983 think i might
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00440-00125983-00126934 feel ill okay going through the hole
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00441-00126935-00127319 yeah all the stars are going backwards
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00442-00127320-00127471 uh they're not moving at all for me oh
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00443-00127472-00129478 yeah
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00444-00129479-00129807 yeah i see anyway i'm gonna drop us out
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00445-00129808-00129999 again that's a really weird bug
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00446-00130000-00130199 i don't think it's a bug really like we
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00447-00130200-00130439 did go through the gate backwards
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00448-00130440-00130583 yes but we're going in the same
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00449-00130583-00130814 direction yeah yeah yeah but we're
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00450-00130815-00130951 facing backwards
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00451-00130952-00131223 like we're going in that direction but
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00452-00131224-00131407 we're looking at the rear now because
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00453-00131408-00131607 the ship's going backwards is there
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00454-00131608-00131735 something you can only see if you're in
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00455-00131736-00131902 the captions well it happens if
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00456-00131903-00132078 i flip my view around to look at
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00457-00132079-00132214 backwards over the ship
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00458-00132215-00132671 it's still happening oh no it isn't no
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00459-00132672-00133663 no we're good
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00460-00133664-00133839 that's just so disturbing when that
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00461-00133840-00133966 happens
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00462-00133967-00134247 what does like when we drop into the
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00463-00134248-00134439 station
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00464-00134440-00134607 and then didn't it two cylindrical
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00465-00134608-00135039 things in front of us
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00466-00135040-00135343 uh oh yeah well they seem to be ships
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00467-00135344-00135478 because they both just walked out
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00468-00135479-00135902 yes does that answer the question you're
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00469-00135903-00136519 about to ask
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00470-00136520-00136919 focused laser turrets
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00471-00136920-00137295 uh what's the focus laser turret dude
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00472-00137296-00138014 um it's
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00473-00138015-00138214 just does more damage but it takes
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00474-00138215-00138407 longer to charge
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00475-00138408-00138751 okay
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00476-00138752-00138943 i think the dps is more because it only
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00477-00138944-00139151 takes 50 longer to charge but it doesn't
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00478-00139152-00139311 nearly twice the damage
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00479-00139312-00139639 does take more power probably seems like
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00480-00139640-00139663 a
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00481-00139664-00140311 worthwhile thing
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00482-00140312-00140511 right uh you're at ease for a while i'm
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00483-00140512-00140695 going to beam aboard the station and go
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00484-00140696-00141014 and talk to commander what's her name
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00485-00141015-00141535 go over i'm going to make some tea
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00486-00141536-00141735 i might have some tea in the game as
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00487-00141736-00141895 well i've got some
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00488-00141896-00142631 very hot
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00489-00142632-00142883 there's a very slow motion control bot
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00490-00142884-00143102 here
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00491-00143103-00143495 yeah he is quite slow
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00492-00143496-00143678 like i think is he's trying to look hard
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00493-00143679-00143854 you see all people are never
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00494-00143855-00144054 like enough to get these virtually move
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00495-00144055-00145214 really slowly did you do the mission for
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00496-00145215-00145447 supply apparently the ship's logs
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00497-00145448-00145575 provide two
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00498-00145576-00145719 other locations we'll have to
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00499-00145720-00145983 investigate those places in two times
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00500-00145984-00146135 it's suspicious however this is the
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00501-00146136-00146287 third occurrence in which outlaws
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00502-00146288-00146343 targeted
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00503-00146344-00146526 solely medical supplies than a colonial
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00504-00146527-00146735 union transport battle
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00505-00146736-00146935 ah i see they're not going to say
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00506-00146936-00147047 basically the next one
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00507-00147048-00147214 it looks like it's the next one in that
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00508-00147215-00147535 in that chain from the looks of it oh
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00509-00147536-00147790 uh go it's going to kill some outlaws
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00510-00147791-00148023 seemingly did we get some fluff about
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00511-00148024-00148239 the outlaws uh exclusively stealing
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00512-00148240-00148483 medical supplies
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00513-00148484-00148695 yes it's almost like there's an
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00514-00148696-00148983 infection spreading or something
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00515-00148984-00149407 and also in the game okay so yeah
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00516-00149408-00149551 so we've got two of the locations
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00517-00149552-00149759 watching
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00518-00149760-00149959 won't understand that joe uh oh yeah i
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00519-00149960-00150111 want to go back to the
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00520-00150112-00150559 um hydroponics lab
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00521-00150560-00150783 talk to the person there and tell them
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00522-00150784-00151014 that their friend is probably dead
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00523-00151015-00151719 and it might be the one we shot
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00524-00151720-00151990 oh and kim has another mission for us oh
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00525-00151991-00152071 okay well
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00526-00152072-00152278 i mean another dead sibling um she wants
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00527-00152279-00152543 us to find sargastia tribulane
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00528-00152544-00152911 or wax thorne
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00529-00152912-00153063 we've seen both of those so we'll
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00530-00153064-00153254 probably find more we'll just uh
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00531-00153255-00153478 yes and whenever we get them just don't
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00532-00153479-00153949 uh research any
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00533-00153950-00154063 [Music]
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00534-00154064-00154302 will the interpunk be able to find the
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00535-00154303-00154511 outlaw camps
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00536-00154512-00154726 why are the outlaws stealing medical
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00537-00154727-00154919 supplies
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00538-00154920-00155166 will mike fill up the entire ship with
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00539-00155167-00155439 his ammo stash
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00540-00155440-00156235 find out in the next thrilling
+Y8jJP6qWgK4-00541-00156236-00156536 episode
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00000-00000000-00000214 hey everyone it's colleen here and here
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00001-00000215-00000327 is your library minute
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00002-00000328-00000495 so today we're going to talk about
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00003-00000496-00000663 accessing the library and accessing
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00004-00000664-00000862 materials in the library
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00005-00000863-00001127 so the first question is is the library
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00006-00001128-00001191 open
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00007-00001192-00001431 yes we are i'll post the hours down
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00008-00001432-00001623 below but know that we are open seven
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00009-00001623-00001782 days a week
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00010-00001784-00002063 the second question we often get are do
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00011-00002064-00002207 we have study rooms what type of
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00012-00002208-00002318 services do we have
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00013-00002319-00002558 so we do have study rooms and what you
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00014-00002559-00002702 can do to get those is
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00015-00002703-00002863 come into the library and ask at the
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00016-00002864-00003031 front desk and one will be unlocked for
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00017-00003032-00003102 you
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00018-00003103-00003311 we also have computers and printing
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00019-00003311-00003527 which i know is incredibly valuable
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00020-00003528-00003638 particularly at the beginning of the
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00021-00003639-00003775 semester when you want to print out all
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00022-00003776-00003870 your syllabi
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00023-00003871-00004199 and powerpoints and things like that
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00024-00004200-00004335 i think one of the most important
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00025-00004336-00004535 questions though are is for our book
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00026-00004536-00004686 access
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00027-00004687-00004870 not every single floor of the library is
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00028-00004871-00005031 open right now because of
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00029-00005032-00005286 some cobit precautions so we have a
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00030-00005287-00005359 couple new
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00031-00005360-00005535 opportunities to get books that we
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00032-00005536-00005702 haven't had in years past
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00033-00005703-00005870 the first thing we do have is we have
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00034-00005871-00006070 something called a browsing pass which
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00035-00006071-00006286 you can check out at the front desk of
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00036-00006287-00006375 the library
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00037-00006376-00006527 and it allows you to go to all of our
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00038-00006528-00006727 floors even the ones that are closed and
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00039-00006728-00006775 you can
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00040-00006776-00006934 be sure to feel safe when you're doing
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00041-00006936-00007070 that because there aren't that many
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00042-00007072-00007198 people on those floors that are
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00043-00007200-00007398 closed we also have something called
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00044-00007400-00007551 distance delivery which
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00045-00007552-00007710 i'll kind of give more information in
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00046-00007711-00007974 the links below but that is a way that
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00047-00007975-00008151 you can request books to be mailed to
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00048-00008152-00008327 your house for free
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00049-00008328-00008510 um another question that we've been
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00050-00008511-00008655 getting is what about
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00051-00008656-00008823 all the other stuff well all of our
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00052-00008824-00009046 other information and resources and
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00053-00009047-00009287 everything is still available online so
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00054-00009288-00009439 you don't have to worry about any
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00055-00009440-00009614 type of changes and services or
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00056-00009615-00009799 resources in that way we have a
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00057-00009800-00010142 ton of articles and encyclopedia entries
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00058-00010143-00010167 and
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00059-00010168-00010374 ebooks all available in our catalog
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00060-00010375-00010559 which i'll link below
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00061-00010560-00010735 and finally i know i told you this last
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00062-00010736-00010903 time but if you have any more questions
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00063-00010904-00011103 about accessing the library or our
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00064-00011104-00011191 resources
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00065-00011192-00011406 you can talk to me or you can go on to
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00066-00011407-00011623 the front page of the library's website
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00067-00011624-00011927 linked here and here and from there
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00068-00011928-00012191 you can chat or text with us and we will
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00069-00012192-00012303 answer any of those
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00070-00012304-00012470 that you need i hope you're having a
+Yq5GDjvIhCA-00071-00012471-00012856 good day okay bye-bye see you next week
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00000-00000053-00000289 the viscosity of a fluid as the measure
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00001-00000290-00000521 of its resistance to gradual deformation
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00002-00000522-00000815 by shear stress or tensile stress for
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00003-00000816-00001034 liquids it corresponds to the informal
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00004-00001035-00001354 concept of thickness for example syrup
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00005-00001355-00001523 has a higher viscosity than water
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00006-00001524-00001751 viscosity is the property of a fluid
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00007-00001752-00001916 which opposes the relative motion
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00008-00001917-00002093 between two surfaces of the fluid that
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00009-00002094-00002290 are moving at different velocities in
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00010-00002291-00002564 simple terms viscosity means friction
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00011-00002565-00002843 between the molecules of fluid when the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00012-00002844-00003008 fluid is forced through it to the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00013-00003009-00003193 particles which compose the fluid
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00014-00003194-00003373 generally move more quickly near the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00015-00003374-00003565 tubes axis and more slowly near its
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00016-00003567-00003779 walls therefore some stress such as a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00017-00003779-00003961 pressure difference between the two ends
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00018-00003962-00004123 of the tube is needed to overcome the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00019-00004124-00004327 friction between particle layers to keep
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00020-00004328-00004555 the fluid moving for a given velocity
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00021-00004556-00004766 pattern the stress required is
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00022-00004767-00005022 proportional to the fluids viscosity a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00023-00005023-00005252 fluid that has no resistance to shear
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00024-00005253-00005477 stress is known as an ideal or inviscid
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00025-00005478-00005821 fluid zero viscosity is observed only at
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00026-00005822-00006028 very low temperatures in super fluids
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00027-00006029-00006256 otherwise all fluids have positive
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00028-00006257-00006458 viscosity and are technically said to be
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00029-00006459-00006686 viscous or visit a fluid with a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00030-00006687-00006926 relatively high viscosity such as pitch
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00031-00006927-00007563 may appear to be a solid
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00032-00007564-00008094 topic etymology
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00033-00008095-00008453 the word viscosity is derived from the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00034-00008454-00008766 Latin viscom meaning mistletoe and also
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00035-00008767-00008931 a viscous glue made from mistletoe
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00036-00008932-00009452 berries
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00037-00009453-00009953 topic definition
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00038-00009954-00010295 you
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00039-00010296-00010833 topic simple definition
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00040-00010834-00011096 the viscosity of a fluid expresses its
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00041-00011097-00011298 resistance to shearing flows in which
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00042-00011299-00011496 adjacent fluid layers are in relative
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00043-00011497-00011760 motion a simple example of such a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00044-00011761-00011949 shearing flow as a planar couette flow
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00045-00011950-00012171 where a fluid is trapped between two
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00046-00012172-00012396 infinitely large plates one fixed and
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00047-00012397-00012632 one in parallel motion at constant speed
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00048-00012633-00013149 u displaced I will you see illustration
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00049-00013150-00013208 to the right
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00050-00013209-00013449 although viscosity applies to general
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00051-00013450-00013713 flows it is easy to define and visualize
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00052-00013713-00014004 in a couette flow if the speed of the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00053-00014005-00014199 top plate is low enough then in steady
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00054-00014200-00014405 state the fluid particles move parallel
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00055-00014406-00014759 to it and their speed varies from zero
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00056-00014760-00015122 display style zero at the bottom to you
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00057-00015123-00015390 at the top each layer of fluid moves
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00058-00015391-00015582 faster than the one just below it and
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00059-00015583-00015774 friction between them gives rise to a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00060-00015775-00016013 force resisting their relative motion in
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00061-00016013-00016263 particular the fluid applies on the top
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00062-00016263-00016461 plate of force in the direction opposite
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00063-00016462-00016665 to its motion and an equal but opposite
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00064-00016666-00016928 force on the bottom plate an external
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00065-00016929-00017136 force is therefore required in order to
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00066-00017137-00017289 keep the top plate moving at constant
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00067-00017290-00017652 speed in many fluids the flow velocity
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00068-00017653-00017856 is observed to vary linearly from zero
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00069-00017857-00018290 at the bottom to you display style you
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00070-00018291-00018687 at the top moreover the magnitude F of
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00071-00018688-00018855 the force acting on the top plate is
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00072-00018856-00019083 found to be proportional to the speed U
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00073-00019084-00019250 and the area a of each plate and
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00074-00019251-00019400 inversely proportional to their
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00075-00019401-00019703 separation why F
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00076-00019704-00020259 equals mu a you
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00077-00020260-00020745 why display style F equals mu a frac you
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00078-00020746-00021084 why the proportionality factor mu is the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00079-00021085-00021410 viscosity of the fluid with units of PAH
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00080-00021411-00022031 s display style text poxy do t text s
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00081-00022032-00022431 pascal second the ratio uy is called the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00082-00022432-00022602 rate of shear deformation or shear
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00083-00022603-00022791 velocity and as the derivative of the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00084-00022792-00022935 fluid speed in the direction
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00085-00022936-00023112 perpendicular to the plates see
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00086-00023113-00023340 illustrations to the right if the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00087-00023341-00023559 velocity does not vary linearly with y
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00088-00023560-00023801 then the appropriate generalization is
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00089-00023802-00024669 tau equals mu u why display style tau
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00090-00024670-00025149 equals mu frac partial u partial Y where
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00091-00025150-00025323 tau equals FA and you
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00092-00025324-00025608 Y is the local shear velocity this
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00093-00025608-00025797 expression is referred to as Newton's
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00094-00025798-00026064 law of viscosity in sheering flows with
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00095-00026064-00026429 planar symmetry it is what defines mute
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00096-00026430-00026817 display style mu it is a special case of
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00097-00026818-00027060 the general definition of viscosity see
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00098-00027061-00027225 below which can be expressed in
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00099-00027226-00027522 coordinate freeform use of the Greek
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00100-00027523-00027795 letter mu mu for the viscosity is common
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00101-00027795-00028002 among mechanical and chemical engineers
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00102-00028002-00028308 as well as physicists however the Greek
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00103-00028308-00028581 letter ADA ADA is also used by chemists
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00104-00028582-00028979 physicists and the IUPAC the viscosity
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00105-00028980-00029499 mu display style mu is sometimes also
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00106-00029500-00029702 referred to as the shear viscosity
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00107-00029702-00029991 however at least one author discourages
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00108-00029992-00030220 the use of this terminology noting that
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00109-00030222-00030714 mu display style you can be appear in
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00110-00030714-00030888 non searing flows in addition to
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00111-00030889-00031451 shearing flows
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00112-00031452-00031989 topic general definition
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00113-00031989-00032235 in general the stresses within a flow
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00114-00032236-00032394 can be attributed partly to the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00115-00032395-00032592 deformation of the material from some
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00116-00032593-00032838 rest state elastic stress and partly to
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00117-00032839-00033006 the rate of change of the deformation
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00118-00033007-00033306 over time viscous stress in a fluid by
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00119-00033307-00033522 definition the elastic stress includes
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00120-00033523-00033801 only the hydrostatic pressure in very
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00121-00033802-00034035 general terms the fluids viscosity is
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00122-00034036-00034227 the relation between the strain rate and
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00123-00034228-00034464 the viscous stress in the Newtonian
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00124-00034465-00034656 fluid model the relationship is by
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00125-00034657-00034875 definition a linear map described by a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00126-00034876-00035094 viscosity tensor that when multiplied by
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00127-00035095-00035277 the strain rate tensor which is the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00128-00035278-00035487 gradient of the flows velocity gives the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00129-00035488-00035754 viscous stress tensor in Cartesian
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00130-00035755-00036237 coordinates this gives tau I
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00131-00036238-00037825 J equals K L mu i j k l v k
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00132-00037826-00038275 l display style Tao underscore IJ equals
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00133-00038276-00038575 sum underscore K sum underscore L mu
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00134-00038576-00038914 underscore ijkl frac partial V
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00135-00038915-00039216 underscore K partial R underscore L
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00136-00039217-00039433 since the indices in the above
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00137-00039434-00039637 expression can vary from 1 2 3
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00138-00039638-00040233 there are 81 viscosity coefficient mu i
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00139-00040234-00040930 j k l display style mu underscore i j k
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00140-00040931-00041149 l in total
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00141-00041150-00041422 however due to spatial symmetries these
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00142-00041423-00041698 coefficients are not all independent for
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00143-00041699-00041941 instance for isotropic Newtonian fluids
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00144-00041942-00042163 the 81 coefficients can be reduced to
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00145-00042164-00042427 two independent parameters the most
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00146-00042428-00042658 usual decomposition yields the standard
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00147-00042659-00042874 scalar viscosity mu and the bulk
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00148-00042875-00043491 viscosity Kappa display style Kappa tau
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00149-00043492-00044865 equals mu V Plus V minus 2/3 mu minus
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00150-00044866-00045511 Kappa V Delta display style math BF tau
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00151-00045512-00045922 equals mu left nabla math b FV + nabla
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00152-00045923-00046318 math b FV carrot dagger right left frac
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00153-00046319-00046753 2/3 nu Kappa right nabla CDO T math b FV
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00154-00046754-00047368 math bf Delta where Delta display style
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00155-00047369-00047740 math bf Delta is the unit tensor and the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00156-00047741-00048083 dagger display style dagger
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00157-00048084-00048383 denotes the transpose this equation can
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00158-00048384-00048573 be thought of as a generalized form of
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00159-00048574-00048860 Newton's law of viscosity the bulk
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00160-00048861-00049088 viscosity expresses a type of internal
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00161-00049089-00049262 friction that resists the sheila's
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00162-00049263-00049471 compression or expansion of a fluid
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00163-00049472-00049919 knowledge of Kappa display style Kappa
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00164-00049920-00050246 is frequently not necessary in fluid
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00165-00050247-00050498 dynamics problems for example
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00166-00050499-00051016 incompressible liquid satisfy V equals
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00167-00051017-00051527 zero display style nabla C do t math bf
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00168-00051528-00051980 V equals zero and so the term containing
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00169-00051982-00052417 kappa display style kappa is absent
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00170-00052419-00052995 moreover kappa display style kappa is
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00171-00052996-00053223 often assumed to be negligible for gases
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00172-00053224-00053766 since it is zero display style zero in a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00173-00053766-00054111 monoatomic ideal gas one situation in
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00174-00054112-00054624 which kappa display style kappa can be
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00175-00054625-00054830 important as the calculation of energy
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00176-00054832-00055053 loss in sound and shockwaves described
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00177-00055054-00055290 by stokes law of sound attenuation since
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00178-00055291-00055509 these phenomena involve rapid expansions
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00179-00055510-00056070 and compressions
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00180-00056071-00056721 topic dynamic and kinematic viscosity
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00181-00056722-00056976 in fluid dynamics it is common to work
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00182-00056977-00057222 in terms of the kinematic viscosity also
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00183-00057223-00057549 called momentum diffusivity defined as
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00184-00057550-00057750 the ratio of the viscosity mu to the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00185-00057751-00058032 density of the fluid Rho it is usually
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00186-00058033-00058254 denoted by the Greek letter nu nu and
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00187-00058254-00060176 has units l e and g t h2 time2go - time
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00188-00060177-00060957 nu equals mu bro display style nu equals
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00189-00060958-00061341 frac mu Rho consistent with this
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00190-00061341-00061797 nomenclature the viscosity mu display
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00191-00061798-00062091 style mu is frequently called the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00192-00062091-00062716 dynamic viscosity
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00193-00062717-00063298 topic momentum transport
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00194-00063299-00063544 transport theory provides an alternate
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00195-00063545-00063769 interpretation of viscosity in terms of
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00196-00063770-00063988 momentum transport viscosity as the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00197-00063989-00064201 material property which characterizes
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00198-00064202-00064429 momentum transport within a fluid just
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00199-00064430-00064624 as thermal conductivity characterizes
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00200-00064625-00064818 heat transport and mass diffusivity
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00201-00064819-00065135 characterizes mass transport to see this
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00202-00065136-00065529 note that in Newton's law viscosity tau
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00203-00065530-00066274 equals mu u Y display style tau equals
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00204-00066275-00066705 mu partial u partial Y the shear stress
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00205-00066706-00067193 tau display style tau has units
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00206-00067194-00067375 equivalent to a momentum flux ie
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00207-00067376-00067593 momentum per unit time per unit area
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00208-00067594-00068180 thus tau display style tau can be
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00209-00068181-00068360 interpreted as specifying the flow of
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00210-00068361-00068824 momentum in the Y displaced aisle y
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00211-00068825-00069059 direction from one fluid layer to the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00212-00069060-00069349 next for Newton's law of viscosity this
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00213-00069350-00069572 momentum flow occurs across a velocity
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00214-00069573-00069734 gradient and the magnitude of the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00215-00069735-00069901 corresponding momentum flux is
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00216-00069902-00070217 determined by the viscosity the analogy
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00217-00070218-00070397 with heat and mass transfer can be made
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00218-00070398-00070628 explicit just as heat flows from high
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00219-00070629-00070825 temperature to low temperature and mass
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00220-00070826-00071015 flows from high density to low density
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00221-00071016-00071281 momentum flows from high velocity to low
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00222-00071282-00071534 velocity these behaviors are all
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00223-00071535-00071774 described by compact expressions called
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00224-00071775-00071944 constitutive relations whose
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00225-00071945-00072312 one-dimensional forms are given here J
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00226-00072313-00072653 equals minus
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00227-00072654-00073501 d bro ex ficks law of diffusion Q equals
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00228-00073502-00074354 minus K T t x4 EA's law of heat
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00229-00074355-00075060 conduction tau equals mu you
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00230-00075061-00075500 why Newton's law of viscosity displaced
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00231-00075501-00075828 I'll begin aligned math be F J and
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00232-00075829-00076191 equals D frac partial Rho partial XQ
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00233-00076192-00076410 quad texts ficks law of diffusion math
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00234-00076411-00076755 bfq and equals K underscore T frac
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00235-00076756-00077132 partial T partial XQ quad text for EA's
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00236-00077133-00077385 law of heat conduction tau and equals mu
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00237-00077386-00077748 frac partial u partial Y Q quad quad
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00238-00077749-00077994 texts Newton's law of viscosity and
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00239-00077995-00078263 aligned where Rho display style Rho is
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00240-00078264-00078588 the density J display style math bfj and
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00241-00078589-00078888 Q display style math bfq are the mass
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00242-00078889-00079140 and heat fluxes indeed display style D
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00243-00079141-00079475 and KT display style k underscore t are
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00244-00079476-00079659 the mass diffusivity and thermal
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00245-00079660-00079872 conductivity the fact that mass momentum
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00246-00079873-00080103 and energy heat transport are among the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00247-00080104-00080306 most relevant processes in continuum
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00248-00080307-00080513 mechanics as not a coincidence these are
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00249-00080514-00080675 among the few physical quantities that
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00250-00080676-00080856 are conserved at the microscopic level
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00251-00080857-00081156 in inter particle collisions thus rather
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00252-00081157-00081350 than being dictated by the fast and
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00253-00081351-00081549 complex microscopic interaction
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00254-00081550-00081738 timescale their dynamics occurs on
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00255-00081739-00081978 macroscopic timescales as described by
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00256-00081979-00082161 the various equations of transport
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00257-00082162-00082807 theory and hydrodynamics
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00258-00082808-00083516 topic Newtonian and non-newtonian fluids
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00259-00083517-00083719 Newton's law of viscosity as a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00260-00083720-00083932 constitutive equation like Hookes law
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00261-00083933-00084142 ficks law and Ohm's law it is not a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00262-00084143-00084319 fundamental law of nature but an
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00263-00084320-00084484 approximation that holds in some
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00264-00084485-00084803 materials and fails in others a fluid
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00265-00084804-00084953 that behaves according to Newton's law
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00266-00084954-00085192 with a viscosity mu that is independent
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00267-00085193-00085396 of the stress is said to be Newtonian
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00268-00085397-00085697 gases water and many common liquids can
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00269-00085698-00085876 be considered Newtonian in ordinary
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00270-00085877-00086155 conditions and contexts there are many
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00271-00086156-00086380 non-newtonian fluids that significantly
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00272-00086381-00086578 deviate from that law in some way or
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00273-00086579-00086609 other
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00274-00086610-00086972 for example shear thickening liquids
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00275-00086973-00087178 whose viscosity increases with the rate
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00276-00087179-00087466 of shear strain shear thinning liquids
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00277-00087467-00087676 whose viscosity decreases with the rate
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00278-00087677-00088006 of shear strain thixotropic liquids that
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00279-00088007-00088196 become less viscous over time when
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00280-00088197-00088455 shaken agitated or otherwise stressed
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00281-00088456-00088756 real petach dilatant liquids that become
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00282-00088757-00088946 more viscous over time when shaken
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00283-00088947-00089272 agitated or otherwise stressed Bingham
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00284-00089273-00089488 plastics that behave as a solid at low
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00285-00089489-00089713 stresses but flow as a viscous fluid at
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00286-00089714-00089921 high stresses shear thinning liquids are
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00287-00089922-00090157 very commonly but misleadingly described
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00288-00090158-00090469 as thixotropic even for a Newtonian
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00289-00090470-00090700 fluid the viscosity usually depends on
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00290-00090701-00090880 its composition and temperature for
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00291-00090881-00091165 gases and other compressible fluids it
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00292-00091166-00091369 depends on temperature and varies very
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00293-00091370-00091669 slowly with pressure the viscosity of
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00294-00091670-00091855 some fluids may depend on other factors
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00295-00091856-00092116 a magnet area logical fluid for example
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00296-00092117-00092344 becomes thicker when subjected to a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00297-00092345-00092560 magnetic field possibly to the point of
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00298-00092561-00093174 behaving like a solid
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00299-00093175-00093695 topic in solids
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00300-00093696-00093890 the viscous forces that arise during
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00301-00093891-00094145 fluid flow must not be confused with the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00302-00094146-00094382 elastic forces that arise in a solid in
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00303-00094383-00094571 response to shear compression or
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00304-00094572-00094820 extension stresses while in the latter
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00305-00094821-00094997 the stress is proportional to the amount
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00306-00094998-00095216 of shear deformation in a fluid it is
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00307-00095217-00095366 proportional to the rate of deformation
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00308-00095367-00095707 over time for this reason maxwell used
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00309-00095708-00095932 the term fugitive elasticity for fluid
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00310-00095933-00096248 viscosity however many liquids including
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00311-00096249-00096476 water will briefly react like elastic
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00312-00096477-00096748 solids when subjected to sudden stress
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00313-00096749-00097136 conversely many solids even granite will
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00314-00097137-00097337 flow like liquids albeit very slowly
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00315-00097338-00097655 even under arbitrarily small stress such
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00316-00097656-00097871 materials are therefore best described
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00317-00097872-00098117 as possessing both elasticity reaction
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00318-00098118-00098372 to deformation and viscosity reaction to
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00319-00098373-00098543 rate of deformation that is being
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00320-00098544-00098876 viscoelastic indeed some authors have
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00321-00098877-00099076 claimed that amorphous solids such as
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00322-00099077-00099290 glass and many polymers are actually
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00323-00099291-00099425 liquids with a very high viscosity
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00324-00099426-00099869 greater than 1012 Pascal's s however
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00325-00099870-00100100 other authors dispute this hypothesis
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00326-00100101-00100265 claiming instead that there is some
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00327-00100266-00100432 threshold for the stress below which
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00328-00100433-00100634 most solids will not flow at all and
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00329-00100635-00100850 that alleged instances of glass flow in
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00330-00100851-00101054 window panes of old buildings are due to
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00331-00101055-00101273 the crude manufacturing process of older
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00332-00101274-00101462 errors rather than to the viscosity of
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00333-00101463-00101701 glass this scholastic solids may exhibit
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00334-00101702-00101923 both shear viscosity and bulk viscosity
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00335-00101924-00102221 the extensional viscosity is a linear
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00336-00102222-00102386 combination of the shear and bulk
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00337-00102387-00102614 viscosity x' that describes the reaction
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00338-00102615-00102793 of a solid elastic material to
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00339-00102794-00103040 elongation it is widely used for
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00340-00103041-00103391 characterizing polymers in geology earth
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00341-00103392-00103567 materials that exhibit viscous
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00342-00103568-00103748 deformation at least three orders of
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00343-00103749-00103940 magnitude greater than their elastic
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00344-00103941-00104653 deformation are sometimes called reeds
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00345-00104654-00105160 topic measurement
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00346-00105161-00105416 viscosity is measured with various types
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00347-00105417-00105596 of viscometers and rio meters a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00348-00105597-00105829 rheometer is used for those fluids that
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00349-00105830-00106036 cannot be defined by a single value of
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00350-00106038-00106234 viscosity and therefore require more
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00351-00106235-00106424 parameters to be set and measured than
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00352-00106425-00106673 as the case for a viscometer closed
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00353-00106674-00106858 temperature control of the fluid is
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00354-00106859-00107011 essential to acquire accurate
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00355-00107013-00107222 measurements particularly in materials
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00356-00107223-00107417 like lubricants whose viscosity can
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00357-00107418-00107567 double with a change of only five
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00358-00107568-00107873 degrees Celsius for some fluids the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00359-00107874-00108098 viscosity is constant over a wide range
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00360-00108099-00108374 of shear rates Newtonian fluids the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00361-00108375-00108544 fluids without a constant viscosity
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00362-00108545-00108815 non-newtonian fluids cannot be described
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00363-00108816-00109124 by a single number non-newtonian fluids
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00364-00109125-00109271 exhibit a variety of different
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00365-00109272-00109493 correlations between shear stress and
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00366-00109494-00109757 shear rate one of the most common
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00367-00109758-00109928 instruments for measuring kinematic
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00368-00109929-00110120 viscosity as the glass capillary
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00369-00110121-00110495 viscometer encoding industry's viscosity
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00370-00110496-00110663 may be measured with a cup in which the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00371-00110664-00110795 efflux time is measured
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00372-00110796-00111056 there are several sorts of cup such as
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00373-00111057-00111263 the Zen cup and the ford viscosity cup
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00374-00111264-00111443 with the usage of each type varying
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00375-00111444-00111695 mainly according to the industry the F
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00376-00111696-00111881 flex time can also be converted to
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00377-00111882-00112193 kinematic viscosity x' centistokes CST
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00378-00112194-00112397 through the conversion equations also
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00379-00112398-00112616 used in coatings a stormer viscometer
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00380-00112617-00112826 uses load based rotation in order to
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00381-00112827-00113108 determine viscosity the viscosity is
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00382-00113108-00113351 reported in Krebs units qu which are
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00383-00113352-00113669 unique to stormer viscometers vibrating
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00384-00113670-00113860 viscometers can also be used to measure
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00385-00113861-00114131 viscosity resonant or vibrational
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00386-00114132-00114344 viscometers work by creating shear waves
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00387-00114345-00114593 within the liquid in this method the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00388-00114594-00114800 sensor is submerged in the fluid and is
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00389-00114801-00114958 made to resonate at a specific frequency
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00390-00114959-00115261 as the surface of the sensor shears
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00391-00115263-00115457 through the liquid energy is lost due to
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00392-00115458-00115775 its viscosity this dissipated energy is
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00393-00115776-00115933 then measured and converted into a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00394-00115934-00116174 viscosity reading a higher viscosity
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00395-00116175-00116389 causes a greater loss of energy
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00396-00116390-00116621 extensional viscosity can be measured
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00397-00116622-00116795 with various rheometer x' that apply
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00398-00116796-00117143 extensional stress volume viscosity can
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00399-00117144-00117379 be measured with an acoustic rheometer
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00400-00117380-00117629 apparent viscosity as a calculation
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00401-00117630-00117841 derived from tests performed on drilling
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00402-00117842-00118007 fluid used in oil or gas well
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00403-00118008-00118336 development these calculations and tests
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00404-00118338-00118547 help engineers develop and maintain the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00405-00118548-00118718 properties of the drilling fluid to the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00406-00118719-00119371 specifications required
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00407-00119372-00119879 topic units
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00408-00119880-00120191 the SI unit of dynamic viscosity is PHA
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00409-00120192-00120563 s or kilogram m minus 1 s minus 1 the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00410-00120564-00120833 CGS unit is called the poise P named
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00411-00120833-00121019 after Gene lay honored Marie poiseuille
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00412-00121020-00121322 it is commonly expressed particularly in
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00413-00121323-00121643 ASTM standards as centipoise CP since
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00414-00121644-00121856 the latter is equal to the SI multiple
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00415-00121857-00122279 Mille Pascal seconds mpa s the SI unit
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00416-00122280-00122501 of kinematic viscosity is square meter
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00417-00122502-00122747 per second whereas the CGS unit for
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00418-00122748-00122990 kinematic viscosity as the Stokes street
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00419-00122991-00123266 named after Sir George Gabriel Stokes it
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00420-00123267-00123482 is sometimes expressed in terms of
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00421-00123483-00123866 centistokes CST in u.s. usage Stoke is
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00422-00123867-00124229 sometimes used as the singular form the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00423-00124230-00124445 reciprocal of viscosity is fluidity
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00424-00124446-00124997 usually symbolized by five
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00425-00124998-00125421 topic 1 mu or F
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00426-00125422-00125628 you
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00427-00125629-00125895 1mu depending on the convention used
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00428-00125896-00126255 measured in reciprocal poise p- 1 or CMS
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00429-00126256-00126659 g -1 sometimes called the rhe fluidity
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00430-00126660-00126956 is seldom used in engineering practice
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00431-00126957-00127188 non-standard units include the rain a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00432-00127189-00127508 british unit of dynamic viscosity in the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00433-00127509-00127716 automotive industry the viscosity index
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00434-00127717-00127902 is used to describe the change of
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00435-00127903-00128208 viscosity with temperature at one time
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00436-00128208-00128379 the petroleum industry relied on
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00437-00128380-00128609 measuring kinematic viscosity by means
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00438-00128610-00128766 of the say bolt viscometer and
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00439-00128767-00129008 expressing kinematic viscosity in units
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00440-00129009-00129315 of saybolt universal seconds sous other
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00441-00129316-00129582 abbreviations such as SSU say bolt
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00442-00129583-00129836 seconds universal or SUV say bolt
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00443-00129838-00130121 Universal viscosity are sometimes used
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00444-00130122-00130401 kinematic viscosity and centistokes can
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00445-00130402-00130586 be converted from soos according to the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00446-00130588-00130755 arithmetic in the reference table
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00447-00130756-00131611 provided in ASTM D 2161
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00448-00131612-00132193 topic molecular origins
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00449-00132194-00132457 in general the viscosity of a system
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00450-00132458-00132664 depends in detail on how the molecules
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00451-00132665-00132925 constituting the system interact there
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00452-00132926-00133123 are no simple but correct expressions
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00453-00133124-00133354 for the viscosity of a fluid the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00454-00133355-00133573 simplest exact expressions are the Green
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00455-00133574-00133768 Cuba relations for the linear shear
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00456-00133769-00133954 viscosity or the transient time
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00457-00133955-00134164 correlation function expressions derived
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00458-00134165-00134521 by Evans and Morris's in 1985 although
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00459-00134522-00134680 these expressions are each exact
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00460-00134681-00134887 calculating the viscosity of a dense
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00461-00134888-00135094 fluid using these relations currently
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00462-00135095-00135307 requires the use of molecular dynamics
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00463-00135308-00135583 computer simulations on the other hand
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00464-00135584-00135772 much more progress can be made for a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00465-00135773-00136081 dilute gas even elementary assumptions
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00466-00136082-00136273 about how gas molecules move and
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00467-00136274-00136426 interact lead to a basic understanding
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00468-00136427-00136680 of the molecular origins of viscosity
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00469-00136681-00136939 more sophisticated treatments can be
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00470-00136940-00137143 constructed by systematically coarse
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00471-00137144-00137329 graining the equations of motion of the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00472-00137330-00137608 gas molecules an example of such a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00473-00137609-00137824 treatment as Chapman and Skog theory
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00474-00137825-00137995 which derives expressions for the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00475-00137996-00138196 viscosity of a dilute gas from the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00476-00138197-00138433 Boltzmann equation momentum transport in
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00477-00138434-00138658 gases is generally mediated by discrete
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00478-00138659-00138868 molecular collisions and in liquids by
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00479-00138869-00139078 attractive forces which bind molecules
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00480-00139079-00139339 close together because of this the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00481-00139340-00139537 dynamic viscosity z' of liquids are
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00482-00139538-00139693 typically much larger than those of
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00483-00139694-00140238 gases
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00484-00140239-00140737 topic gases
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00485-00140738-00141014 viscosity in gases arises principally
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00486-00141015-00141170 from the molecular diffusion that
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00487-00141171-00141359 transports momentum between layers of
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00488-00141360-00141656 flow an elementary calculation for a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00489-00141657-00142082 dilute gas at temperature T display
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00490-00142083-00142628 style t and density Rho displace tile
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00491-00142629-00143626 row gives mu equals alpha Rho lambda to
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00492-00143627-00144515 K be T PI M display style mu equals
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00493-00144516-00144908 alpha Rho lambda s QR t frac 2k
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00494-00144909-00145588 underscore text BTW PI M where K be
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00495-00145589-00146024 displaced IL k underscore text b is the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00496-00146025-00146564 boltzmann constant m display style m the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00497-00146565-00147005 molecular mass and alpha display style
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00498-00147006-00147320 alpha a numerical constant on the order
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00499-00147321-00147856 of one display style 1 the quantity
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00500-00147857-00148343 lambda display style lambda the mean
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00501-00148344-00148526 free path measures the average distance
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00502-00148527-00148747 a molecule travels between collisions
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00503-00148748-00149161 even without a priori knowledge of alpha
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00504-00149162-00149537 display style alpha this expression has
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00505-00149538-00149825 interesting implications in particular
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00506-00149826-00150279 since lambda display style lambda
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00507-00150280-00150520 is typically inversely proportional to
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00508-00150521-00150756 density and increases with temperature
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00509-00150757-00151239 mu display style view itself should
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00510-00151240-00151386 increase with temperature and be
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00511-00151387-00151662 independent of density in fact both of
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00512-00151663-00151843 these predictions persist in more
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00513-00151844-00152049 sophisticated treatments and accurately
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00514-00152050-00152257 describe experimental observations
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00515-00152258-00152509 note that this behavior runs counter to
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00516-00152510-00152734 common intuition regarding liquids for
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00517-00152735-00152940 which viscosity typically decreases with
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00518-00152941-00153244 temperature for rigid elastic spheres of
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00519-00153245-00153681 diameter Sigma display style Sigma
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00520-00153682-00154147 Lambda display style lambda can be
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00521-00154148-00154631 computed giving mu equals
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00522-00154632-00156020 alpha pi 3 2 K B M T Sigma 2 display
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00523-00156021-00156379 style mu equals frac alpha pi carrot 3
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00524-00156380-00156821 halves frac s QR t k underscore text B M
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00525-00156822-00157357 T Sigma carrot 2 in this case lambda
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00526-00157358-00157726 display style lambda is independent of
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00527-00157727-00158573 temperature so mu T 1/2 display style mu
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00528-00158574-00158887 prop dou T carrot 1/2 for more
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00529-00158888-00159153 complicated molecular models however
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00530-00159154-00159637 lambda display style lambda depends on
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00531-00159638-00159836 temperature in a non-trivial way and
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00532-00159837-00160043 simple kinetic arguments as used here
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00533-00160044-00160279 are inadequate more fundamentally the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00534-00160280-00160486 notion of a mean free path becomes
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00535-00160487-00160661 imprecise for particles that interact
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00536-00160662-00160888 over a finite range which limits the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00537-00160889-00161086 usefulness of the concept for describing
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00538-00161087-00161668 real-world gases
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00539-00161669-00162223 Topic Chapman and skog theory
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00540-00162224-00162487 a technique developed by Sidney Chapman
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00541-00162488-00162736 and David n Skog in the early 1900s
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00542-00162737-00163095 allows a more refined calculation of new
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00543-00163096-00163447 display style view it is based on the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00544-00163448-00163636 Boltzmann equation which provides a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00545-00163637-00163852 systematic statistical description of a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00546-00163853-00164034 dilute gas in terms of intermolecular
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00547-00164035-00164329 interactions as such their technique
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00548-00164330-00164654 allows accurate calculation of you
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00549-00164655-00165016 display style mu for more realistic
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00550-00165017-00165175 molecular models such as those
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00551-00165176-00165391 incorporating intermolecular attraction
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00552-00165392-00165679 rather than just hardcore repulsion it
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00553-00165680-00165898 turns out that a more realistic modeling
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00554-00165899-00166066 of interactions is essential for
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00555-00166067-00166243 accurate prediction of the temperature
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00556-00166244-00166668 dependence of MU display style view
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00557-00166669-00166939 which experiments show increases more
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00558-00166940-00167584 rapidly than the T one to display style
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00559-00167585-00167911 t carrot 1/2 trend predicted for rigid
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00560-00167912-00168223 elastic spheres indeed the Chapman and
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00561-00168224-00168427 Skog analysis shows that the predicted
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00562-00168428-00168607 temperature dependence can be tuned by
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00563-00168608-00168775 varying the parameters in various
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00564-00168776-00169084 molecular models a simple example is the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00565-00169085-00169297 Sutherland model which describes rigid
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00566-00169298-00169479 elastic spheres with weak mutual
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00567-00169480-00169779 attraction in such a case the attractive
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00568-00169780-00169951 force can be treated perturbatively
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00569-00169952-00170166 which leads to a particularly simple
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00570-00170167-00170751 expression for new display style mu mu
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00571-00170752-00172616 equals 5/16 sigma 2k B M T pi 1 2 1 plus
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00572-00172617-00173191 s t minus 1
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00573-00173192-00173635 display style mu equals frac 516 Sigma
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00574-00173636-00174061 carat to left frac K underscore text BMT
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00575-00174062-00174518 PI right carrot 1/2 left 1 + frac St
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00576-00174519-00175118 right carrot - 1 where s display style s
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00577-00175119-00175406 is independent of temperature being
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00578-00175407-00175600 determined only by the parameters of the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00579-00175601-00175852 intermolecular attraction to connect
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00580-00175853-00176026 with experiment it is convenient to
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00581-00176027-00177622 rewrite as mu equals mu 0 t t 0 3 2 T 0
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00582-00177623-00178540 + s T plus s display style mu equals mu
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00583-00178541-00178943 underscore 0 left frac TT underscore 0
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00584-00178944-00179285 right carrot 3 halves frac t underscore
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00585-00179286-00179996 0 plus St plus s where mu 0 display
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00586-00179997-00180320 style mu underscore 0 is the viscosity
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00587-00180321-00180916 at temperature T 0 display style t
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00588-00180917-00181527 underscore 0 if new display style mu is
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00589-00181528-00182340 known from experiment at T equals T 0
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00590-00182341-00182689 display style T equals T underscore 0
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00591-00182690-00183000 and at least one other temperature then
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00592-00183001-00183443 s displaced I'll ask
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00593-00183444-00183661 be calculated it turns out that
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00594-00183662-00184152 expressions for new display style mu
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00595-00184153-00184385 obtained in this way are accurate for a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00596-00184386-00184603 number of gases over a sizable range of
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00597-00184604-00184886 temperatures on the other hand Chapman
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00598-00184887-00185041 and cowling argued that this success
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00599-00185042-00185282 does not imply that molecules actually
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00600-00185283-00185437 interact according to the Sutherland
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00601-00185438-00185672 model rather they interpret the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00602-00185673-00186218 prediction for MU display style mu as a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00603-00186219-00186436 simple interpolation which is valid for
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00604-00186437-00186611 some gases over fixed ranges of
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00605-00186612-00186778 temperature but otherwise does not
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00606-00186779-00186924 provide a picture of intermolecular
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00607-00186925-00187133 interactions which is fundamentally
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00608-00187134-00187378 correct in general slightly more
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00609-00187379-00187579 sophisticated models such as the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00610-00187580-00187762 lennard-jones potential may provide a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00611-00187763-00187978 better picture but only at the cost of a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00612-00187979-00188183 more opaque dependence on temperature in
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00613-00188184-00188456 some systems the assumption of spherical
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00614-00188457-00188689 symmetry must be abandoned as well as is
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00615-00188690-00188861 the case for vapours with highly polar
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00616-00188862-00189510 molecules like h2o
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00617-00189511-00189996 topic liquids
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00618-00189997-00190233 in contrast with gases there is no
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00619-00190234-00190403 simple yet accurate picture for the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00620-00190404-00190599 molecular origins of viscosity in
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00621-00190600-00190877 liquids at the simplest level of
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00622-00190878-00191061 description the relative motion of
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00623-00191062-00191271 adjacent layers in a liquid is opposed
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00624-00191272-00191554 primarily by attractive molecular forces
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00625-00191555-00191886 acting across the layer boundary in this
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00626-00191887-00192144 picture when correctly expects viscosity
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00627-00192145-00192324 to decrease with increasing temperature
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00628-00192325-00192689 this is because increasing temperature
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00629-00192690-00192887 increases the random thermal motion of
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00630-00192888-00193083 the molecules which makes it easier for
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00631-00193084-00193241 them to overcome their attractive
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00632-00193242-00193383 interactions building on this
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00633-00193384-00193608 visualization a simple theory can be
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00634-00193609-00193811 constructed in analogy with the discrete
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00635-00193812-00194034 structure of a solid groups of molecules
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00636-00194035-00194339 in a liquid are visualized as forming
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00637-00194340-00194658 cages which surround and enclosed single
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00638-00194659-00194951 molecules these cages can be occupied or
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00639-00194952-00195254 unoccupied and stronger molecular
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00640-00195255-00195511 attraction corresponds to stronger cages
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00641-00195512-00195812 due to random thermal motion a molecule
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00642-00195813-00196107 hops between cages at a rate which
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00643-00196108-00196281 varies inversely with the strength of
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00644-00196282-00196562 molecular attractions in equilibrium
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00645-00196563-00196841 these hops are not biased in any
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00646-00196842-00197160 direction on the other hand in order for
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00647-00197161-00197354 two adjacent layers to move relative to
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00648-00197355-00197409 each other
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00649-00197410-00197711 the hops must be biased in the direction
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00650-00197712-00198018 of the relative motion the force
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00651-00198019-00198246 required to sustain this directed motion
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00652-00198247-00198440 can be estimated for a given shear rate
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00653-00198441-00199110 leading to wear and a display style and
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00654-00199111-00199615 underscore a is the Avogadro constant H
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00655-00199616-00200179 display style H is the Planck constant V
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00656-00200180-00200556 display style V is the volume of a mole
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00657-00200557-00201101 of liquid and T be display style t
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00658-00201102-00201449 underscore B is the normal boiling point
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00659-00201450-00201723 this result has the same form as the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00660-00201724-00201906 widespread and accurate empirical
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00661-00201907-00202585 relation where o display style a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00662-00202586-00203065 be displaced I'll be our constants fit
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00663-00203066-00203323 from data one the other hand several
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00664-00203324-00203541 authors Express caution with respect to
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00665-00203542-00203908 this model errors as large as 30% can be
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00666-00203909-00204129 encountered using equation 1 compared
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00667-00204130-00204370 with fitting equation 2 to experimental
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00668-00204371-00204643 data more fundamentally the physical
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00669-00204644-00204871 assumptions underlying equation 1 have
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00670-00204871-00205146 been extensively criticized it has also
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00671-00205148-00205306 been argued that the exponential
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00672-00205307-00205519 dependence in equation 1 does not
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00673-00205519-00205719 necessarily describe experimental
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00674-00205721-00205900 observations more accurately than
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00675-00205901-00206125 simpler non exponential expressions in
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00676-00206126-00206278 light of these shortcomings the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00677-00206279-00206490 development of a less ad-hoc model as a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00678-00206491-00206865 matter of practical interest forgoing
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00679-00206866-00207094 simplicity in favor of precision it is
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00680-00207094-00207283 possible to write rigorous expressions
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00681-00207284-00207444 for viscosity starting from the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00682-00207446-00207625 fundamental equations of motion for
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00683-00207626-00208006 molecules a classic example of this
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00684-00208007-00208209 approach is Irving Kirkwood theory on
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00685-00208210-00208491 the other hand such expressions are
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00686-00208492-00208729 given as averages over multi-particle
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00687-00208730-00208911 correlation functions and are therefore
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00688-00208912-00209112 difficult to apply in practice in
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00689-00209113-00209439 general empirically derived expressions
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00690-00209440-00209667 based on existing viscosity measurements
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00691-00209669-00209833 appear to be the only consistently
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00692-00209834-00210060 reliable means of calculating viscosity
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00693-00210061-00210603 and liquids
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00694-00210604-00211267 topic mixtures blends and suspensions
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00695-00211269-00211596 you
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00696-00211598-00212113 topic gaseous mixtures
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00697-00212114-00212362 the same molecular kinetic picture of a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00698-00212363-00212581 single component gas can also be applied
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00699-00212582-00212884 to a gaseous mixture for instance in the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00700-00212885-00213126 Chapman and Skog approach the viscosity
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00701-00213127-00213676 mu mix display style new underscore text
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00702-00213677-00213817 mix
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00703-00213819-00214030 of a binary mixture of gases can be
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00704-00214031-00214187 written in terms of the individual
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00705-00214188-00214814 component viscosities new one to display
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00706-00214815-00215141 style mu underscore one to their
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00707-00215142-00215329 respective volume fractions and the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00708-00215330-00215600 intermolecular interactions as for the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00709-00215601-00215832 single component gas the dependence of
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00710-00215833-00216385 MU mix display style mu underscore text
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00711-00216386-00216623 mix on the parameters of the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00712-00216623-00216800 intermolecular interactions enters
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00713-00216801-00216965 through various collisional integrals
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00714-00216966-00217169 which may not be expressible in terms of
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00715-00217169-00217451 elementary functions to obtain usable
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00716-00217452-00217960 expressions for you mix display style
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00717-00217961-00218312 you underscore text mix which reasonably
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00718-00218313-00218516 match experimental data the collisional
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00719-00218517-00218687 integrals typically must be evaluated
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00720-00218688-00218902 using some combination of analytic
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00721-00218903-00219115 calculation and empirical fitting an
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00722-00219116-00219338 example of such a procedure as the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00723-00219339-00219512 sutherland approach for the single
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00724-00219513-00220135 component gas discussed above
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00725-00220136-00220640 topic blends of liquids
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00726-00220641-00220901 as for pure liquids the viscosity of a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00727-00220902-00221092 blend of liquids is difficult to predict
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00728-00221094-00221371 from molecular principles one method is
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00729-00221373-00221675 to extend a molecular cage theory
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00730-00221676-00221896 presented above for a pure liquid this
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00731-00221898-00222062 can be done with varying levels of
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00732-00222063-00222326 sophistication one useful expression
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00733-00222327-00222532 resulting from such an analysis as the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00734-00222533-00222725 letter A ro gears equation for a binary
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00735-00222726-00223984 mixture mu blend equals x1 x1 plus Alpha
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00736-00223985-00225592 X - lame mu1 plus Alpha X 2 X 1 plus
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00737-00225592-00226528 Alpha X 2 blame em you to display style
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00738-00226529-00226865 mu underscore text blend equals frac X
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00739-00226866-00227173 underscore 1 X underscore 1 plus Alpha X
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00740-00227175-00227473 underscore 2 lame mu underscore 1 plus
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00741-00227475-00227860 frac Alpha X underscore 2 X underscore 1
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00742-00227861-00228133 plus Alpha X underscore to blame mu
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00743-00228134-00228667 underscore 2 where alpha display style
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00744-00228669-00229264 alpha is an empirical parameter and X 1
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00745-00229265-00229990 to display style X underscore 1 to n mu
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00746-00229991-00230675 1 to display style u underscore 1 to R
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00747-00230676-00230854 the respective mole fractions and
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00748-00230855-00231046 viscosities of the component liquids
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00749-00231048-00231232 since blending is an important process
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00750-00231233-00231481 in the lubricating and oil industries a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00751-00231482-00231692 variety of empirical or propriety
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00752-00231692-00231866 equations exists for predicting the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00753-00231867-00232067 viscosity of a blend besides those
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00754-00232067-00232730 stemming directly from molecular theory
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00755-00232731-00233221 topic suspensions
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00756-00233223-00233513 in a suspension of solid particles eg
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00757-00233514-00233765 micron-sized spheres suspended in oil an
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00758-00233766-00234305 effective viscosity mu F display style
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00759-00234306-00234641 mu underscore text F can be defined in
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00760-00234642-00234835 terms of stress and strain components
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00761-00234836-00235013 which are averaged over a volume large
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00762-00235014-00235183 compared with the distance between the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00763-00235184-00235364 suspended particles but small with
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00764-00235365-00235660 respect to macroscopic dimensions such
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00765-00235661-00235826 suspensions generally exhibit
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00766-00235827-00236092 non-newtonian behavior however for
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00767-00236094-00236296 dilute systems in steady flows the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00768-00236298-00236501 behavior is Newtonian and expressions
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00769-00236502-00237019 for you F display style mu underscore
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00770-00237021-00237334 text F can be derived directly from the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00771-00237335-00237583 particle dynamics in a very dilute
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00772-00237584-00238177 system with volume fraction by 0.02
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00773-00238178-00238708 display style file SM 0.02 interactions
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00774-00238709-00238885 between the suspended particles can be
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00775-00238886-00239131 ignored in such a case one can
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00776-00239132-00239317 explicitly calculate the flow field
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00777-00239319-00239528 around each particle independently and
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00778-00239529-00239992 combine the results to obtain mu F
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00779-00239992-00240419 display style mu underscore text F for
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00780-00240419-00240619 spheres this results in the Einstein
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00781-00240621-00241565 equation mu f equals mu zero 1
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00782-00241566-00242237 plus 5 to 5 display style mu underscore
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00783-00242238-00242542 text F equals mu underscore 0 left 1
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00784-00242544-00243279 plus frac 5 to 5 right where mu 0
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00785-00243280-00243671 display style mu underscore 0 is the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00786-00243671-00243944 viscosity of the suspending liquid the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00787-00243944-00244352 linear dependence on Phi display style
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00788-00244353-00244640 thigh is a direct consequence of
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00789-00244641-00244831 neglecting inter particle interactions
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00790-00244832-00245521 in general one will have mu F equals mu
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00791-00245521-00246382 0 1 plus B Phi display style mu
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00792-00246383-00246682 underscore text F equals mu underscore 0
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00793-00246683-00247046 left 1 plus B Phi right where the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00794-00247046-00247606 coefficient B display style B may depend
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00795-00247607-00247846 on the particle shape eg spheres rods
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00796-00247848-00248171 disks perhaps surprisingly in the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00797-00248171-00248348 century since its introduction the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00798-00248348-00249046 coefficient for spheres B equals 5 to
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00799-00249046-00249478 display style B equals 5 halves has not
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00800-00249479-00249638 been conclusively pinned down by
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00801-00249639-00249844 experiments with various experiments
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00802-00249846-00250498 finding values in the range 1.5 B 5
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00803-00250498-00250890 display style 1.5 less and be lesson 5
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00804-00250891-00251142 this deficiency has been attributed to
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00805-00251144-00251385 difficulty in controlling experimental
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00806-00251386-00251873 conditions in denser suspensions mu F
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00807-00251875-00252216 display style mu underscore text F
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00808-00252217-00252635 acquires a nonlinear dependence on Phi
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00809-00252636-00252985 display style Phi which indicates the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00810-00252986-00253110 importance of inter particle
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00811-00253111-00253441 interactions various analytical and semi
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00812-00253442-00253657 empirical schemes exist for capturing
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00813-00253658-00253906 this regime at the most basic level a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00814-00253907-00254326 term quadratic in Phi display style
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00815-00254327-00254992 thigh is added to mu F display style mu
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00816-00254992-00255969 underscore text F mu F equals mu 0 1
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00817-00255969-00257196 plus B Phi plus B 1 Phi 2 display style
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00818-00257198-00257431 mu underscore text f equals mu
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00819-00257432-00257737 underscore 0 left 1 plus b v + b
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00820-00257738-00258079 underscore 1 phi carat - right and the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00821-00258080-00258609 coefficient b 1 display style b
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00822-00258610-00258898 underscore one is fit from experimental
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00823-00258898-00259098 data or approximated from the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00824-00259100-00259375 microscopic theory in general however
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00825-00259376-00259600 one should be cautious in applying such
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00826-00259601-00259807 simple formulas since non Newtonian
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00827-00259808-00260244 behavior appears in dense suspensions by
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00828-00260244-00260901 0.25 display style Phi GTR sims 0.25 for
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00829-00260902-00261202 spheres or in suspensions of elongated
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00830-00261203-00261415 or flexible particles a distinction must
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00831-00261416-00261619 be made between a suspension of solid
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00832-00261619-00261808 particles described above and an
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00833-00261809-00262071 emulsion the latter is a suspension of
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00834-00262073-00262260 tiny droplets which themselves may
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00835-00262261-00262504 exhibit internal circulation the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00836-00262505-00262705 presence of internal circulation can
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00837-00262706-00262876 noticeably decrease the observed effect
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00838-00262877-00263113 of viscosity and different theoretical
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00839-00263114-00263821 or semi empirical models must be used
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00840-00263822-00264378 topic amorphous materials
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00841-00264379-00264600 in the high and low temperature limits
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00842-00264601-00264840 viscous flow and amorphous materials eg
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00843-00264841-00265074 and glasses and mounts has the Arrhenius
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00844-00265075-00266238 form mu equals a II Q R T display style
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00845-00266239-00266805 mu equals a karat frac q RT where Q as a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00846-00266806-00267021 relevant activation energy given in
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00847-00267022-00267231 terms of molecular parameters T is
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00848-00267232-00267477 temperature R as the molar gas constant
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00849-00267478-00267753 and a is approximately a constant the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00850-00267754-00267960 activation energy q takes a different
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00851-00267961-00268158 value depending on whether the higher
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00852-00268159-00268323 low temperature limit is being
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00853-00268324-00268536 considered it changes from a high value
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00854-00268537-00268761 Q H at low temperatures in the glassy
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00855-00268762-00268956 state to a low value Q L at high
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00856-00268957-00269241 temperatures in the liquid state for
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00857-00269242-00269652 intermediate temperatures Q display
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00858-00269653-00269934 style q varies not trivially with
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00859-00269935-00270105 temperature and the simple Arrhenius
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00860-00270106-00270393 form fails on the other hand the two
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00861-00270394-00271483 exponential equation mu equals a t exp B
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00862-00271484-00272821 our t1 plus C exp D our T display style
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00863-00272822-00273244 mu equals at exp left frac b RT right
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00864-00273245-00273727 left 1 plus c exp left frac d RT right
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00865-00273728-00274073 right where
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00866-00274074-00274750 display style a be displaced I'll be see
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00867-00274751-00275293 display style see D display style D our
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00868-00275294-00275573 all constants provides a good fit to
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00869-00275574-00275792 experimental data over the entire range
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00870-00275793-00275972 of temperatures while at the same time
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00871-00275973-00276160 reducing to the correct Arrhenius form
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00872-00276161-00276358 in the low and high temperature limits
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00873-00276359-00276617 besides being a convenient fit to data
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00874-00276618-00276842 the expression can also be derived from
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00875-00276843-00277034 various theoretical models of amorphous
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00876-00277035-00277700 materials at the atomic level
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00877-00277701-00278231 topic eddy viscosity
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00878-00278232-00278487 in the study of turbulence in fluids a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00879-00278488-00278664 common practical strategy for
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00880-00278665-00278867 calculation as to ignore the small-scale
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00881-00278868-00279101 vortices or Eddie's in the motion and to
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00882-00279102-00279291 calculate a large-scale motion with an
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00883-00279292-00279482 eddy viscosity that characterizes the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00884-00279483-00279714 transport and dissipation of energy in
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00885-00279715-00279917 the smaller scale flow see large Eddy
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00886-00279918-00280239 simulation values of eddy viscosity used
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00887-00280240-00280427 in modeling ocean circulation may be
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00888-00280428-00280772 from five times 104 to one times 106
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00889-00280773-00280997 Pascal's s depending upon the resolution
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00890-00280998-00281640 of the numerical grid
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00891-00281641-00282246 topic selected substances
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00892-00282247-00282528 observed values of viscosity vary over
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00893-00282529-00282741 several orders of magnitude even for
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00894-00282742-00283071 common substances for instance a 70%
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00895-00283072-00283299 sucrose sugar solution has a viscosity
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00896-00283300-00283677 over 400 times that of water and 26,000
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00897-00283678-00283902 times that of air more dramatically
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00898-00283903-00284076 pitch has been estimated to have a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00899-00284077-00284337 viscosity 230 billion times that of
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00900-00284338-00284863 water
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00901-00284864-00285329 topic water
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00902-00285330-00285575 the viscosity of water is about zero
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00903-00285576-00285815 point eight nine milli Pascal's s at
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00904-00285816-00286166 room temperature 25 degrees Celsius as a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00905-00286167-00286331 function of temperature the viscosity
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00906-00286332-00286556 can be estimated using the semi
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00907-00286557-00287359 empirical relation mu equals a times 10
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00908-00287360-00288170 B t minus C display style mu equals 8
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00909-00288171-00288937 times 10 carat BTC where a
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00910-00288938-00289452 topic 2.41 4 times 10 minus 5 Pascal's
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00911-00289453-00289999 SB
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00912-00290000-00290516 247 8 K and C equals 140 KX para
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00913-00290517-00290672 mentally determined values of the
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00914-00290673-00290870 viscosity at various temperatures are
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00915-00290871-00291083 given below
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00916-00291084-00291503 equals
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00917-00291504-00291989 topic air
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00918-00291990-00292338 equals under standard atmospheric
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00919-00292339-00292596 conditions 25 degrees Celsius and
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00920-00292597-00292827 pressure of 1 bar the viscosity of air
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00921-00292828-00293127 as 18 point 5 micro Pascal's s roughly
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00922-00293128-00293349 50 times smaller than the viscosity of
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00923-00293350-00293634 water at the same temperature except at
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00924-00293635-00293850 very high pressure the viscosity of air
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00925-00293851-00294173 depends mostly on the temperature
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00926-00294174-00294596 equals
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00927-00294597-00295210 topic other common substances
+Yx2ZqzI3RkA-00928-00295211-00295760 equals equals equals see also
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00000-00000007-00000095 [Applause]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00001-00000096-00000407 fans not exactly appreciative
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00002-00000408-00000752 messy
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00003-00000753-00000999 [Applause]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00004-00001000-00001162 i've been playing
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00005-00001163-00001495 [__] i'm just trying to get up [__] up
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00006-00001496-00002137 [__]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00007-00002138-00004295 [Music]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00008-00004296-00004567 that ella can't remember his man i
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00009-00004568-00004759 without wasting time man messi and
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00010-00004760-00005038 neymar do the warning ready oh yeah
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00011-00005039-00005183 that's basically when this video come on
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00012-00005184-00005391 yeah august 13th yesterday the war
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00013-00005392-00005599 really is ready for the combo man
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00014-00005600-00006015 this is together
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00015-00006016-00006391 [Applause]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00016-00006392-00006623 he sets the table
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00017-00006623-00006783 for the brazilian
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00018-00006784-00006983 second hit
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00019-00006984-00007270 and he is as deadly as a cobra
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00020-00007272-00007551 with the finish look at this
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00021-00007552-00007855 magical dual pure magic look at that
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00022-00007856-00007991 for messi
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00023-00007992-00008392 back to name out again
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00024-00008393-00009855 [Applause]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00025-00009856-00010135 messi now wide right two in the middle
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00026-00010136-00010577 messi around the corner messi
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00027-00010578-00011014 [Applause]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00028-00011015-00011167 i thought he was going good to the left
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00029-00011168-00011431 i think it went to the right he manages
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00030-00011432-00011638 to find neymar yes
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00031-00011639-00011799 from the left going there
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00032-00011800-00012135 halloween crush that that's a mess
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00033-00012136-00012438 on their mother's ass that's fine
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00034-00012439-00012631 neymar's look to have a bit of a spring
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00035-00012632-00012894 in his steps and when you connect with
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00036-00012895-00013022 leo messi
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00037-00013023-00013230 when you connect with leo
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00038-00013231-00013422 is the result
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00039-00013423-00013807 absolute killer blown from football club
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00040-00013808-00014119 fans not exactly appreciative
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00041-00014119-00014472 messy
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00042-00014472-00014727 [Applause]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00043-00014728-00014943 it's three nothing
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00044-00014944-00015166 beautiful from neymar two of them
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00045-00015168-00015358 they're like dolphins together they
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00046-00015359-00016327 chatter to each other
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00047-00016328-00016591 [Applause]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00048-00016592-00017279 [Music]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00049-00017280-00017615 the last time uh uh paris uh reserved
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00050-00017616-00019486 the eiffel tower was for lehman
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00051-00019487-00019821 don't tell me he passes it again
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00052-00019822-00021063 [Applause]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00053-00021064-00023683 nothing they can do nothing
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00054-00023684-00023887 [Music]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00055-00023888-00024922 [Applause]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00056-00024923-00025142 [Applause]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00057-00025143-00025810 look at our simple thoughts
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00058-00025811-00026519 [Applause]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00059-00026520-00027258 [Applause]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00060-00027258-00028095 [Music]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00061-00028095-00028255 thought he was going to show like skills
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00062-00028256-00028455 and [__] of all of them individually
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00063-00028456-00028614 also
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00064-00028616-00028702 hey
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00065-00028704-00028879 neymar
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00066-00028880-00029304 neymar neymar back for messages
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00067-00029305-00030823 [Applause]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00068-00030824-00031062 i want to see something how many assists
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00069-00031063-00031431 does neymar have to mercy six and a half
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00070-00031432-00031655 hours later okay so i found a perfect
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00071-00031656-00031855 website for it five players who have
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00072-00031856-00032031 provided the most assists to live no
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00073-00032032-00032358 mercy number five is xavi hernandez
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00074-00032360-00032470 number
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00075-00032472-00032751 four is neymar 36 assists okay that's
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00076-00032752-00032983 really why i want to see the number one
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00077-00032984-00033183 number three danny alvarez okay
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00078-00033184-00033318 interesting i never would have thought
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00079-00033319-00033583 of that number two iniesta fire number
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00080-00033584-00033823 one suarez okay okay makes sense makes
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00081-00033824-00033974 sense no that makes sense makes sense
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00082-00033975-00034199 make sense but then 36 assists with
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00083-00034200-00034695 leonardo merciful jesus
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00084-00034696-00035071 just keep coming out the message
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00085-00035072-00035763 this
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00086-00035764-00036455 [Music]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00087-00036456-00037673 here
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00088-00037674-00039807 [Applause]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00089-00039808-00040223 [Applause]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00090-00040224-00040407 but the finish was absolutely
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00091-00040408-00040815 spectacular
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00092-00040816-00041015 messi
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00093-00041016-00041262 gets around two
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00094-00041263-00041502 kicked back by neymar
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00095-00041503-00041807 jesus
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00096-00041808-00042046 they're fired both of them bro
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00097-00042047-00042327 he's so
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00098-00042328-00043302 [Music]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00099-00043303-00043551 beats the laws of physics he said he
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00100-00043552-00043799 beats the laws of physics he knows the
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00101-00043800-00044190 laws of physics but they don't know him
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00102-00044191-00044407 he said he knows the laws of feelings
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00103-00044408-00044630 but they don't know him
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00104-00044631-00044815 oh my oh
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00105-00044816-00046302 that [__]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00106-00046303-00046511 everything very controlled by the
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00107-00046512-00046639 retirement
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00108-00046640-00046879 beautiful ball from
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00109-00046880-00047071 the one and only
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00110-00047072-00047223 messi
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00111-00047224-00047502 damon chandelier river gaul again from
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00112-00047503-00047774 boston your neighbor the way they innate
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00113-00047775-00047886 through
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00114-00047887-00047999 is sparkling
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00115-00048000-00048111 [Music]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00116-00048112-00048230 jesus
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00117-00048231-00048455 beautiful set of this when we take a
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00118-00048456-00048711 look at it again
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00119-00048712-00049856 that defenders trash
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00120-00049857-00050558 [Applause]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00121-00050559-00051470 [Music]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00122-00051471-00051798 that one
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00123-00051799-00053103 [Applause]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00124-00053104-00053282 the commentators
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00125-00053283-00053575 respect yo commentators are sick they
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00126-00053576-00054450 probably be sleeping cooking that
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00127-00054451-00054761 [__] energy
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00128-00054762-00055823 [Music]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00129-00055824-00056141 which one is it
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00130-00056141-00057102 [Applause]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00131-00057103-00057174 [Music]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00132-00057175-00057494 [Applause]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00133-00057495-00057742 useful space
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00134-00057744-00058035 and utilizes it superbly
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00135-00058036-00058150 [Applause]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00136-00058151-00058326 he just didn't doubt him
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00137-00058327-00058487 once he's
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00138-00058488-00058719 gave him that space he knew he's down he
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00139-00058720-00059687 was going to do the goal rush it
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00140-00059688-00060206 [Applause]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00141-00060207-00060550 say hello to my little friend
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00142-00060551-00060806 way back from us the wedding has to each
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00143-00060807-00061030 other going so crazy
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00144-00061032-00061582 like just one touch
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00145-00061583-00061682 he should
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00146-00061683-00062023 have hazard insane on him dear jeff
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00147-00062024-00062319 he should have a biohazard sign on him
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00148-00062320-00062750 serious danger
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00149-00062751-00062999 leeds for messi
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00150-00063000-00063311 magical from leonel
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00151-00063312-00063582 they must got it all to do
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00152-00063583-00063919 but again he comes out
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00153-00063920-00064150 brilliantly with his touch the comment
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00154-00064151-00065335 the poetry is [__] interesting
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00155-00065336-00065656 is
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00156-00065657-00066023 [Applause]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00157-00066024-00066263 he sets the table
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00158-00066264-00066423 for the brazilian
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00159-00066424-00066638 second hand
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00160-00066639-00066903 he got his ass
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00161-00066904-00067263 with the finish look at this
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00162-00067264-00067463 count the green shirts in front of him
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00163-00067464-00067759 it means nothing to leonel he drives
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00164-00067760-00067950 past them and then pulls it back
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00165-00067951-00068135 beautifully
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00166-00068136-00068599 whose sling shots at home with authority
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00167-00068600-00068926 home with authority it never
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00168-00068927-00069079 needs help
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00169-00069080-00069391 like a fish needs a bicycle
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00170-00069392-00069517 to put this one away
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00171-00069518-00069863 [Music]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00172-00069864-00070143 psja already is a good team like they
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00173-00070144-00070375 have like a full squad already
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00174-00070376-00070631 now adding message to the team
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00175-00070632-00070919 then already with the messi name of duel
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00176-00070920-00071247 that already exists oh my god psja is
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00177-00071248-00071479 about to take over this season
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00178-00071480-00071726 like i can't i can't wait like
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00179-00071727-00071862 i want to see it
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00180-00071863-00072038 i'm nobody to be on life scores don't
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00181-00072039-00072238 come anymore how about watching them be
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00182-00072239-00072431 just live you know i was like that's all
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00183-00072432-00072591 i used to do before watch highlights of
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00184-00072592-00072831 lifestyles.com but hey
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00185-00072832-00073143 ow that hurt gang members
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00186-00073144-00073319 i hope you guys enjoy the reaction but
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00187-00073320-00073638 i'm pretty toughly high right now son
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00188-00073639-00073871 if you guys enjoyed the video
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00189-00073872-00074055 i don't know i'm washing my hand i love
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00190-00074056-00074191 you guys so much and i'll see you in the
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00191-00074192-00074350 next video okay say
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00192-00074351-00074494 scary
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00193-00074495-00074638 subscribe if you're not subscribed
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00194-00074639-00074879 subscribe okay
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00195-00074880-00075575 i
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00196-00075576-00075902 think i drank too much
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00197-00075903-00076759 [Music]
+YyXtIFgiQlY-00198-00076760-00077112 so i can't cool
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00000-00000000-00000292 hi friends let's perform some database
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00001-00000293-00001249 operations in SQL Server so let let us
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00002-00001250-00001406 take an example for library management
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00003-00001407-00001750 system where we need to issue the book
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00004-00001751-00002174 so let's create some tables so this is
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00005-00002175-00002456 the login for SQL server by default it
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00006-00002457-00002654 will have to login with dot slash ask
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00007-00002655-00003203 Express now here you can create the
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00008-00003204-00004159 databases let's create a database
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00009-00004160-00005182 so MIT afterlife crusher now here you
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00010-00005183-00005404 can see the different database objects
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00011-00005405-00005689 available for a mighty library now let's
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00012-00005690-00005986 create table inside MIT library new
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00013-00005987-00006652 table for example this takes on student
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00014-00006653-00007366 ID and where cash student name and where
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00015-00007367-00007804 care let's get this as a primary key and
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00016-00007805-00008059 save this let's give this now this table
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00017-00008059-00008869 is to run master close this again you
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00018-00008870-00009310 can add some more tables for example way
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00019-00009311-00009733 to add some book master so here let's
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00020-00009734-00009921 take book attributes from book master
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00021-00009922-00010717 table acts Asian
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00022-00010718-00011464 number let's take this as numeric let's
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00023-00011465-00012001 take the title of a book and we're cat
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00024-00012002-00012646 then let's take water and our cash and
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00025-00012647-00012952 let's take the status of a book like
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00026-00012953-00013187 initially when you purchase that book
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00027-00013188-00013394 its initial status in the library would
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00028-00013394-00013783 be available so I'm taking this as care
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00029-00013784-00014150 and I'll specify only one care like we
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00030-00014151-00014324 can just take only one character over
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00031-00014325-00014618 there I'll just take this give this as
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00032-00014619-00014881 accession of a primary key save this
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00033-00014882-00015256 table with the name book master now you
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00034-00015257-00015406 can specialize specify some more
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00035-00015407-00015583 constraints in this table like for
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00036-00015584-00015808 example for state test you can specify
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00037-00015809-00016253 the check constraint that we should make
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00038-00016254-00016502 this status either available or either
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00039-00016503-00016753 it is issued so you can say specify the
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00040-00016754-00017443 expression so status equals to a or
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00041-00017444-00018031 status equals to I so when when this
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00042-00018032-00018259 book books will be issued so it status
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00043-00018260-00018517 will change to I and my when it is
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00044-00018518-00018787 returned again it will be available
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00045-00018788-00019346 click OK close save this so
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00046-00019347-00019517 automatically the constants which is
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00047-00019518-00019799 saved now we have three constraints over
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00048-00019800-00019850 there
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00049-00019851-00020119 primary key check constraint and not
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00050-00020120-00020380 null constraint so just save this table
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00051-00020381-00020717 and close this now our third table would
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00052-00020718-00021074 be our issue master table where let's
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00053-00021075-00021697 take the date of issue
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00054-00021698-00022103 dictator type a state then we will take
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00055-00022104-00022297 date of issue afterwards we'll take
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00056-00022298-00022822 accession number as a reference key
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00057-00022823-00023142 so this accession number is numeric that
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00058-00023143-00023519 then we have tool tied it to which
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00059-00023520-00023703 student that book has been issued
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00060-00023704-00024030 student ID stereotype was America
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00061-00024031-00024534 so let's save this table sorry
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00062-00024535-00024800 so let's save this table with the name
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00063-00024801-00025128 tissue master
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00064-00025129-00025391 now we'll provide some references like
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00065-00025392-00025789 give the relationship add this provide
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00066-00025791-00025921 the tell'em table and column
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00067-00025922-00026249 specification and here in book master
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00068-00026250-00026458 the accession numbers primary key there
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00069-00026460-00026827 it is foreign key just click ok now
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00070-00026828-00027110 second constraint we have to specify
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00071-00027111-00027487 student masters primary key and initial
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00072-00027488-00027704 mass rate is foreign key just click OK
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00073-00027705-00028162 close this and say this so it will ask
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00074-00028163-00028337 you do you want to continue that you
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00075-00028338-00028468 want to make a relationship with the
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00076-00028469-00028733 stables we'll just click yes now this
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00077-00028733-00029083 flows this so our tables are created
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00078-00029083-00029462 just refresh it you see the tables have
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00079-00029463-00029701 been created in the database MIT library
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00080-00029702-00029987 now the next thing is you can see the
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00081-00029988-00030227 database diagram initially when you
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00082-00030227-00030425 install this database diagram would not
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00083-00030426-00030605 be available so we'll have to just make
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00084-00030606-00031090 it available by performing some changes
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00085-00031091-00031562 there in properties in files can just
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00086-00031563-00032027 change the owner name via okay - si so
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00087-00032027-00032395 okay the sublevel you can create a new
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00088-00032397-00032867 diagram yes just add these tables one by
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00089-00032868-00033287 one you see the relationship so this is
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00090-00033288-00033548 the diagram you can see the database
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00091-00033549-00033824 diagram now let us create a stored
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00092-00033825-00034208 procedure the short procedure Athens is
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00093-00034209-00034857 directly create a new procedure
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00094-00034858-00035131 so here we don't want such things as
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00095-00035132-00035562 related let's write create procedure
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00096-00035563-00036159 let's give the name of procedure insert
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00097-00036160-00036586 book instruct that you can just kill
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00098-00036587-00037021 that issue book and specify the
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00099-00037022-00037390 parameters first parameter for issue
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00100-00037391-00037921 book is at the rate date of issue its
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00101-00037922-00038355 data type is state next is at the rate
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00102-00038356-00038731 accession number data type is number
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00103-00038732-00039136 eight let's specify what the last one
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00104-00039137-00039896 was student ID and I can say I gave that
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00105-00039897-00040737 yeah as they can insert into here you
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00106-00040738-00040981 have to specify the queries insert into
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00107-00040982-00041158 first we have to insert into issue
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00108-00041159-00041668 master values at the rate first it a
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00109-00041669-00041965 state official second parameter was
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00110-00041966-00042387 accession number third value is the
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00111-00042388-00042823 student ID then at the same moment it
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00112-00042824-00043352 should change the status of a book to I
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00113-00043353-00043983 so for that we need to update which
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00114-00043984-00044127 table we need to update we need to
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00115-00044128-00044667 update the book master table set status
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00116-00044668-00045181 equal to I so here it is giving you as a
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00117-00045182-00045424 keyword so you can just give this as and
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00118-00045425-00046006 divide where your accession
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00119-00046007-00046427 get close to sorry your exes number is
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00120-00046428-00046706 equals to at the rate the accession
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00121-00046707-00047198 number and just rent it so this is how
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00122-00047199-00047462 you have to specify the register write
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00123-00047463-00047723 the procedure performing some multiple
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00124-00047724-00047975 operations on the table you can just
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00125-00047976-00048290 save this sorry if you can just execute
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00126-00048291-00048542 this procedure first so here x session
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00127-00048543-00048928 number just given the wrong name
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00128-00048929-00049220 accession number okay just execute this
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00129-00049221-00049658 so procedures executed now you can see
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00130-00049659-00050156 the procedure here SP book now just
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00131-00050157-00050408 execute this procedure by execute stored
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00132-00050409-00050750 procedure despise the parameters for
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00133-00050751-00050990 example I'm passing the parameter 0 0 to
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00134-00050991-00051539 the date of issue 1 6 accession number
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00135-00051540-00051721 now one more thing we need to have some
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00136-00051722-00051880 master a course available in the table
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00137-00051882-00052192 so let's insert some record in D tables
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00138-00052194-00052492 master records for example in this table
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00139-00052494-00052867 I need to insert some book tip values so
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00140-00052869-00053186 just edit prop 200 rows I mean setting
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00141-00053187-00053578 summary power for example let us see
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00142-00053579-00054128 author is a connector status initially
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00143-00054129-00054428 it will be available then 1 0 0 2 let's
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00144-00054429-00054578 give it the book name as operating
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00145-00054579-00055478 system so that is done in Bound so we
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00146-00055479-00055688 have two books available here just
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00147-00055689-00056051 execute this now open your student
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00148-00056052-00056537 master table sided top 200 rows here you
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00149-00056538-00056852 can just insert student ID let's say
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00150-00056853-00057429 student ID is s101 student name is
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00151-00057430-00058467 then s102 let's give this as and ex-what
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00152-00058468-00058939 execute this discloses now we just try
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00153-00058940-00059146 to execute the procedure so what we want
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00154-00059147-00059320 here what isn't expected output over
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00155-00059321-00059755 here like we want this book master this
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00156-00059756-00059995 status should be changed to I which
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00157-00059996-00060256 whichever book we are going to issue and
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00158-00060257-00060484 at the same time it should insert into
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00159-00060485-00060763 the issue master so let's execute that
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00160-00060764-00061120 procedure execute first procedure
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00161-00061121-00061572 I am machining on the date let's say - -
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00162-00061573-00061731 2016
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00163-00061732-00061981 accession number I have a level access
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00164-00061982-00062221 under my one zero zero one and let
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00165-00062222-00062848 student ID will be 1 0 1 so ok you will
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00166-00062849-00063205 see some error over you can specify here
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00167-00063206-00063618 single code personality it's a string
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00168-00063619-00064108 right so this is the execution of a
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00169-00064109-00064381 procedure equal return 0 means of neck
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00170-00064382-00064618 procedure has been executed properly now
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00171-00064619-00065005 let's see in student master records so
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00172-00065006-00065386 it is inserted and at the same moment in
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00173-00065387-00065890 the book master it has updated wire so
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00174-00065891-00066504 in this same to select the table
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00175-00066505-00066739 database so you can see it's the
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00176-00066740-00067132 simultaneously also select star from to
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00177-00067133-00067609 turn master and select star phone book
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00178-00067610-00068125 master and select star from patient
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00179-00068126-00068439 master so if we select both this table
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00180-00068440-00068665 you will see the same book has been
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00181-00068666-00069298 issued to the student 1 0 1 so that's it
+Yz-SNuAGio8-00182-00069299-00069673 you can just try to execute
+YzKmsyjothy-00000-00001863-00002379 hello guys this is clint here and just
+YzKmsyjothy-00001-00002380-00002609 submit the friend than usual this is
+YzKmsyjothy-00002-00002610-00002774 just my face on the screen there is no
+YzKmsyjothy-00003-00002775-00003096 gameplay there is no you know fancy
+YzKmsyjothy-00004-00003097-00003438 background or foreground because I'm
+YzKmsyjothy-00005-00003439-00003720 usually the background whatever you get
+YzKmsyjothy-00006-00003721-00003981 the point this is not game played is not
+YzKmsyjothy-00007-00003982-00004212 a regular video this is me talking to
+YzKmsyjothy-00008-00004213-00004821 you okay so i have missed and upload i
+YzKmsyjothy-00009-00004822-00005112 have delayed one what is happening you
+YzKmsyjothy-00010-00005113-00005619 might ask this is a very hard moment for
+YzKmsyjothy-00011-00005620-00006072 me my life right now and um oh by the
+YzKmsyjothy-00012-00006073-00006336 way I haven't scripted this anywhere on
+YzKmsyjothy-00013-00006337-00006584 the screen I am being completely honest
+YzKmsyjothy-00014-00006586-00006762 I could actually turn off the screen
+YzKmsyjothy-00015-00006763-00007049 right now actually I'm gonna do it there
+YzKmsyjothy-00016-00007050-00007338 we go the screen is off right now I'm
+YzKmsyjothy-00017-00007339-00007776 just seeing a black screen and my webcam
+YzKmsyjothy-00018-00007777-00008234 so what I'm trying to say is it's a very
+YzKmsyjothy-00019-00008235-00008666 hard moment for me right now and I don't
+YzKmsyjothy-00020-00008667-00008873 know what to say it's just that I'm very
+YzKmsyjothy-00021-00008874-00009623 tired by school by external projects and
+YzKmsyjothy-00022-00009624-00010163 I I have little time for myself it past
+YzKmsyjothy-00023-00010164-00010566 two to three days I've been relaxing and
+YzKmsyjothy-00024-00010567-00011009 playing a bit of video games like I was
+YzKmsyjothy-00025-00011010-00011228 just playing video games when I had to
+YzKmsyjothy-00026-00011229-00011555 record which is becoming stressful I
+YzKmsyjothy-00027-00011556-00011826 don't know if you can relate you know if
+YzKmsyjothy-00028-00011827-00011955 you have a youtube channel you might
+YzKmsyjothy-00029-00011956-00012423 relate if you don't i don't know i don't
+YzKmsyjothy-00030-00012424-00012581 know if you can relate you could
+YzKmsyjothy-00031-00012582-00012899 probably you could probably try and and
+YzKmsyjothy-00032-00012900-00013322 think if you wear my clothes my
+YzKmsyjothy-00033-00013324-00013569 situation however you can say that in
+YzKmsyjothy-00034-00013569-00013896 english but yeah
+YzKmsyjothy-00035-00013897-00014178 been really stressful and I took this
+YzKmsyjothy-00036-00014179-00014494 three days break and it's been awesome
+YzKmsyjothy-00037-00014496-00015051 it's been been great I had my full how
+YzKmsyjothy-00038-00015052-00015315 can you say it I don't know since i
+YzKmsyjothy-00039-00015316-00015597 haven't scripted I don't know how to say
+YzKmsyjothy-00040-00015597-00015861 it well basically it's been relaxing and
+YzKmsyjothy-00041-00015862-00016461 I feel more like me now so I can
+YzKmsyjothy-00042-00016462-00016842 definitely start recording again I have
+YzKmsyjothy-00043-00016843-00016995 a couple a couple of episodes recorded
+YzKmsyjothy-00044-00016996-00017508 of dark rising but i still haven't
+YzKmsyjothy-00045-00017509-00017913 edited them because i'm relaxing so i'm
+YzKmsyjothy-00046-00017914-00018213 recording this on the three the third of
+YzKmsyjothy-00047-00018214-00018522 December I think I turned off the screen
+YzKmsyjothy-00048-00018523-00018735 so I don't know you can probably hear my
+YzKmsyjothy-00049-00018736-00018882 brother screaming in the background I
+YzKmsyjothy-00050-00018883-00019178 don't mind hopefully you don't mind and
+YzKmsyjothy-00051-00019179-00019731 um yeah that's basically it like videos
+YzKmsyjothy-00052-00019732-00020154 are gonna come back on the tenth I would
+YzKmsyjothy-00053-00020155-00020361 like to say in the tenth of December
+YzKmsyjothy-00054-00020362-00020667 which is a thursday and it's going to be
+YzKmsyjothy-00055-00020668-00020947 the episode 7 of Pokemon dark rising and
+YzKmsyjothy-00056-00020948-00021311 yeah i'll see you guys in the tenth and
+YzKmsyjothy-00057-00021312-00021668 i'll try and relax these this week
+YzKmsyjothy-00058-00021669-00022092 hopefully and you should be seeing this
+YzKmsyjothy-00059-00022093-00022707 i would say on thursday know on friday
+YzKmsyjothy-00060-00022708-00023133 probably i'll see you guys in six days
+YzKmsyjothy-00061-00023134-00023498 then bye
+Y-5WwHnNgQo-00000-00000896-00001775 so
+Y-5WwHnNgQo-00001-00001776-00002098 open the doors to the palace
+Y-5WwHnNgQo-00002-00002099-00003108 [Music]
+Y-5WwHnNgQo-00003-00003109-00004327 [Music]
+Y-5WwHnNgQo-00004-00004328-00006382 the doors
+Y-5WwHnNgQo-00005-00006383-00007198 [Music]
+Y-5WwHnNgQo-00006-00007200-00008044 happy birthday
+Y-5WwHnNgQo-00007-00008045-00008880 [Music]
+Y-5WwHnNgQo-00008-00008881-00010541 [Music]
+Y-5WwHnNgQo-00009-00010542-00011825 [Music]
+Y-5WwHnNgQo-00010-00011826-00012631 [Music]
+Y-5WwHnNgQo-00011-00012632-00013224 open the doors
+Y-5WwHnNgQo-00012-00013225-00013893 [Music]
+Y-5WwHnNgQo-00013-00013894-00014729 [Music]
+Y-5WwHnNgQo-00014-00014730-00015550 [Music]
+Y-5WwHnNgQo-00015-00015551-00016396 happy
+Y-5WwHnNgQo-00016-00016397-00017567 [Music]
+Y-5WwHnNgQo-00017-00017568-00018512 so
+Y-5WwHnNgQo-00018-00018513-00018758 [Music]
+Y-5WwHnNgQo-00019-00018759-00019010 two
+Y-5WwHnNgQo-00020-00019011-00020758 [Music]
+Y-5WwHnNgQo-00021-00020759-00020968 you
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00000-00000416-00000495 well welcome
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00001-00000496-00000678 everybody we're so happy to have you
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00002-00000679-00000919 joining us in the late show this is our
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00003-00000919-00001135 tuesday edition
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00004-00001136-00001454 and i would like to introduce myself
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00005-00001455-00001855 as well as invite the
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00006-00001855-00002023 co-hosts and guests who are joining me
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00007-00002023-00002207 to introduce themselves
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00008-00002208-00002439 so i'm emily reagan i'm an associate
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00009-00002440-00002607 professor in the department of chemistry
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00010-00002608-00002815 and biochemistry at metropolitan state
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00011-00002816-00002999 university in denver where indeed
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00012-00003000-00003367 it is cold and i also serve
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00013-00003368-00003663 as our part-time oer coordinator and
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00014-00003664-00003815 i've had the pleasure of being on the
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00015-00003815-00003990 steering committee for open ed
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00016-00003992-00004222 2020 so this has been a really fantastic
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00017-00004223-00004303 experience
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00018-00004304-00004583 and i'm joined by haley my co-host here
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00019-00004584-00004806 for the evening show
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00020-00004807-00005031 awesome hi everyone my name is haley
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00021-00005032-00005286 babb i'm an open education coordinator
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00022-00005287-00005591 with uh sparks open education team and
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00023-00005592-00005727 i've been helping out a little bit here
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00024-00005728-00005815 with the conference
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00025-00005816-00006095 i'm based out of edmonton alberta canada
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00026-00006096-00006191 so also
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00027-00006192-00006695 very chilly for me tonight
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00028-00006695-00006903 and we'll just go around so amanda would
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00029-00006904-00007151 you be willing to introduce yourself
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00030-00007152-00007455 sure thing um i'm amanda larson i
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00031-00007456-00007646 am the affordable learning instructional
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00032-00007647-00007927 consultant at the ohio state university
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00033-00007928-00008263 and i participated in this
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00034-00008264-00008423 conference organization on the program
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00035-00008424-00008639 planning team
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00036-00008640-00008959 and jasmine do you mind jumping in
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00037-00008960-00009335 yes hello everyone i'm jasmine roberts
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00038-00009336-00009591 my pronouns are somewhere it's weird
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00039-00009592-00009727 when the zoom background is like
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00040-00009728-00009887 backwards
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00041-00009888-00010159 um but i am a lecturer slash teaching
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00042-00010160-00010295 professor at
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00043-00010296-00010583 amanda you didn't say it right the ohio
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00044-00010584-00010623 state
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00045-00010624-00010951 university um yeah i've been there for
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00046-00010952-00011167 quite a while a while i love my my role
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00047-00011168-00011246 there
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00048-00011247-00011591 and um i also am a huge oer advocate
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00049-00011592-00011903 um years ago not too long ago i wrote an
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00050-00011904-00012206 uh open textbook and that's really was
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00051-00012207-00012255 the
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00052-00012256-00012567 impetus of my interest in open education
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00053-00012568-00012894 and and oer and i also
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00054-00012895-00013127 this year um had the honor of serving on
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00055-00013128-00013286 the steering committee
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00056-00013287-00013463 uh for this conference and it's just
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00057-00013463-00013822 been an amazing and amazing experience
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00058-00013823-00014166 just to have um a unique collaboration
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00059-00014168-00014319 type of experience on the steering
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00060-00014319-00014438 committee
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00061-00014440-00014735 absolutely thank you so much jasmine and
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00062-00014736-00014822 our
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00063-00014823-00015038 uh third and final guest for tonight is
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00064-00015040-00015230 stacy
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00065-00015231-00015511 hi everyone um i'm stacy katz i'm the
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00066-00015512-00015703 open resources librarian
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00067-00015704-00015975 stem liaison and i'm also an assistant
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00068-00015976-00016047 professor
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00069-00016047-00016350 at lehman college which is part of the
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00070-00016351-00016535 city university of new york
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00071-00016536-00016863 i said it oh okay so what i'm glad i
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00072-00016864-00017015 don't have the institution up here i
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00073-00017016-00017175 knew it was lehman college and i thought
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00074-00017176-00017222 it was
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00075-00017223-00017471 maybe cooney not sunni okay so yeah i
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00076-00017472-00017639 don't know city university of new york
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00077-00017640-00017886 it's okay you've got it you're right
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00078-00017887-00018063 okay well it's not up here but an
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00079-00018064-00018199 earlier version of the slide
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00080-00018200-00018391 for institutions so my question is why
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00081-00018392-00018503 does it have to be
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00082-00018504-00018886 the ohio state university
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00083-00018887-00019214 i have no idea i i
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00084-00019215-00019422 i just i you know i tell my students i
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00085-00019423-00019671 just work here no i'm just playing
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00086-00019672-00019871 i'm a michigan alum that's the rival
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00087-00019872-00020103 school so i say that in a very
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00088-00020104-00020319 sarcastic way when i say the ohio state
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00089-00020320-00020422 university
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00090-00020423-00020647 um not too long ago they tried to
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00091-00020648-00020735 trademark
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00092-00020736-00020999 the word the uh to make it in the
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00093-00021000-00021127 official yes
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00094-00021128-00021543 yes they lost them anyways
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00095-00021544-00021814 okay well thank you for filling me in we
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00096-00021815-00021871 have
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00097-00021872-00022158 two updates sorry this is so huge but
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00098-00022159-00022207 this is
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00099-00022208-00022494 really important breaking news from
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00100-00022495-00022607 twitter
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00101-00022608-00022839 there's been this um controversy last
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00102-00022840-00023086 night i said sketch and people were kind
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00103-00023087-00023278 of calling me out in the chat
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00104-00023279-00023655 and i was officially wrong it is scared
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00105-00023656-00023958 if i'm saying that correctly um but like
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00106-00023959-00023999 i said
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00107-00024000-00024167 i think we have to just do the best we
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00108-00024168-00024463 can with with this pronunciation but the
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00109-00024464-00024703 officially uh i think we're gonna try to
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00110-00024704-00024822 say sked
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00111-00024823-00025103 uh to follow what uh the sked folks
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00112-00025104-00025247 prefer but apparently they're not too
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00113-00025248-00025422 picky which is good because i sometimes
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00114-00025423-00025622 struggle
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00115-00025623-00025927 yeah i'm kind of with team skedge as
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00116-00025927-00025974 well
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00117-00025975-00026150 okay and then actually some other kind
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00118-00026151-00026318 of breaking news
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00119-00026319-00026558 is uh christina ishmael who's right now
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00120-00026560-00026799 with oe global was named to the
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00121-00026800-00027014 biden harris department of ed review
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00122-00027016-00027158 team and that is just super
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00123-00027160-00027423 exciting so thank you stacy for bringing
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00124-00027424-00027551 that to my attention
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00125-00027552-00028055 and um yes super exciting
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00126-00028056-00028343 okay so that's our breaking news um i
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00127-00028344-00028446 just wanted to give
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00128-00028447-00028662 each of my guests a chance or just a
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00129-00028663-00028799 chance to profile
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00130-00028800-00029007 a recent big accomplishment of each of
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00131-00029008-00029127 my guests so
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00132-00029127-00029343 i just want to shout out amanda for her
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00133-00029344-00029574 open education librarianship paper
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00134-00029575-00029879 describing uh this role of
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00135-00029880-00030295 academic oer librarians
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00136-00030295-00030551 so um that was an article that stacy
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00137-00030552-00030758 knows was a long time coming
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00138-00030760-00031151 and i presented on it on at open ed
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00139-00031152-00031487 last year and um it's real and in the
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00140-00031488-00031607 universe now
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00141-00031608-00031935 and um what i have noticed is that
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00142-00031936-00032214 through that research i have really
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00143-00032216-00032318 really
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00144-00032319-00032495 moved into this space where i'm thinking
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00145-00032495-00032711 a lot about advocacy for librarians
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00146-00032712-00032967 and um and so i've given other talks
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00147-00032968-00033190 since then about like the temporary
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00148-00033191-00033462 positions that we hold and that a lot of
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00149-00033463-00033511 times
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00150-00033512-00033902 oh our work is sort of sort of funded
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00151-00033903-00034174 um and the support that librarians need
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00152-00034175-00034255 and
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00153-00034256-00034415 i am thinking about how that will grow
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00154-00034416-00034631 in the future fantastic
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00155-00034632-00034943 thank you and um
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00156-00034944-00035246 this has been really fun so i just
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00157-00035247-00035518 recently watched jasmine's tedx talk and
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00158-00035519-00035567 it was
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00159-00035568-00035799 fantastic do you want to share a little
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00160-00035800-00035927 bit about your experience
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00161-00035928-00036230 doing that jasmine yeah absolutely so
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00162-00036231-00036327 that was
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00163-00036328-00036623 early last year it's hard to remember
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00164-00036624-00036871 life pre-covet for some reason
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00165-00036872-00037135 um but it was it was an amazing
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00166-00037136-00037271 experience it's actually one of the
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00167-00037272-00037399 highlights of
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00168-00037400-00037574 can i be dramatic and save my life i
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00169-00037575-00037783 mean it you know not everyone can
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00170-00037784-00037839 deliver
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00171-00037840-00038039 um or is afforded the opportunity to
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00172-00038040-00038279 deliver a ted dock so it was amazing
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00173-00038280-00038527 um the title of it is called i'm tired
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00174-00038528-00038639 of talking about race
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00175-00038640-00038911 and so there i talk about just the
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00176-00038912-00039167 emotional fatigue that people color
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00177-00039168-00039374 in particular black people experience
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00178-00039375-00039511 when they are
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00179-00039512-00039711 um when one of two things happens right
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00180-00039712-00039830 when they are assumed that they're
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00181-00039831-00039983 racial experts
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00182-00039984-00040262 um and when they are just in general
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00183-00040263-00040446 charged to explain their lived
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00184-00040447-00040583 experiences
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00185-00040584-00040815 and when that is met with you know color
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00186-00040816-00040902 blindness
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00187-00040903-00041174 or belittlement of their racialized
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00188-00041175-00041374 experiences and so
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00189-00041375-00041727 oddly enough um the inspiration
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00190-00041728-00042046 behind that ted talk not to go into in
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00191-00042047-00042255 too much detail because we are recording
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00192-00042256-00042567 um uh the the inspiration behind that
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00193-00042568-00042879 uh was uh uh due to an experience that i
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00194-00042880-00042958 had
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00195-00042959-00043174 a couple years ago at an open ed
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00196-00043175-00043311 conference and
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00197-00043312-00043583 uh if anyone who knows me knows that a
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00198-00043584-00043646 lot of my
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00199-00043647-00043935 work is fueled by anger and frustration
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00200-00043936-00043990 um
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00201-00043991-00044335 i i very much adore the angry black
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00202-00044336-00044518 woman stereotype proudly
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00203-00044519-00044815 because it it produces really good work
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00204-00044816-00044974 in my opinion and so
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00205-00044975-00045143 i say all that to say it is something
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00206-00045144-00045318 i'm very very proud of and so if you
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00207-00045319-00045471 haven't already checked it out i do
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00208-00045472-00045655 encourage you all to do so
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00209-00045656-00045974 um and so yeah yes i
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00210-00045975-00046174 absolutely and thank you haley for
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00211-00046175-00046335 throwing the link in the chat so that's
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00212-00046336-00046446 going to make it easy
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00213-00046447-00046807 for you all to find that and
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00214-00046808-00047055 stacy has also done a lot of fantastic
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00215-00047056-00047190 work and i thought this would be a
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00216-00047191-00047399 really nice thing to highlight because
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00217-00047400-00047623 some folks here are new to open ed and i
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00218-00047624-00047815 think this is a really exciting resource
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00219-00047816-00047839 and
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00220-00047840-00048279 also just won an oe global award
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00221-00048280-00048599 yeah thanks emily um yeah abby elder and
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00222-00048600-00048623 i
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00223-00048624-00048879 developed the oer starter kit workbook
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00224-00048880-00049079 which is a remix of her
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00225-00049080-00049335 oer starter kit that she had remixed
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00226-00049336-00049471 from a lot of oer
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00227-00049472-00049774 resources um like meta oer about where
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00228-00049775-00049871 we are
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00229-00049872-00050167 and so um it was just this like
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00230-00050168-00050407 coincidence and timing last year i think
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00231-00050408-00050486 it was i mean
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00232-00050487-00050671 i'm like jasmine i'm like pre-covered
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00233-00050672-00050886 times what did i even do
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00234-00050887-00051230 i don't remember but we um developed
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00235-00051232-00051279 this
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00236-00051279-00051582 oer starter kit um workbook
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00237-00051583-00051807 really thinking about you know these
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00238-00051808-00051975 resources that we have
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00239-00051976-00052254 already for teaching you know faculty
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00240-00052255-00052382 and working with faculty on
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00241-00052383-00052694 developing oer um you know that we have
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00242-00052695-00052879 these in random places but we kind of
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00243-00052879-00052999 anchored them to
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00244-00053000-00053319 her oer starter kit um so we were able
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00245-00053320-00053399 to do that
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00246-00053400-00053542 and also thinking about places where
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00247-00053544-00053791 they don't have like an oer librarian
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00248-00053791-00054094 and someone to work with so um
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00249-00054095-00054303 there's kind of multiple purposes to it
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00250-00054304-00054575 it's actually also hosted in manifold
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00251-00054576-00054815 which is a platform developed by the
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00252-00054816-00054999 cuny graduate center
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00253-00055000-00055182 university of minnesota press and cast
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00254-00055183-00055319 iron coding which won
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00255-00055320-00055591 an oe global award for best tool so it's
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00256-00055591-00055694 got like
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00257-00055695-00055935 multiple awards going on at the moment
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00258-00055936-00056159 which is very exciting
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00259-00056160-00056399 but anyone actually can sign up for an
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00260-00056400-00056615 account you can only create in manifold
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00261-00056616-00056799 if you're at an institution that has a
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00262-00056800-00056935 manifold platform
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00263-00056936-00057135 but anyone can actually read it and
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00264-00057136-00057342 anyone can also create a reading group
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00265-00057344-00057559 where anyone can annotate it also it has
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00266-00057560-00057911 built-in social annotation as a platform
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00267-00057912-00058063 that's really helpful thank you for
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00268-00058064-00058247 explaining more about manifold because
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00269-00058248-00058663 i that's a really exciting resource too
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00270-00058664-00058871 and i should just thank like we also had
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00271-00058872-00059054 some folks review our worksheets and
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00272-00059055-00059223 amanda was one of them so
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00273-00059224-00059415 thank you to amanda also and to everyone
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00274-00059416-00059630 who like has taken a look at it and
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00275-00059632-00059847 we're happy to like add more resources
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00276-00059848-00059991 if people see things that they want to
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00277-00059991-00060142 add to it like this is
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00278-00060144-00060359 like most oer a work in progress that
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00279-00060360-00060591 can get revised and remixed
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00280-00060591-00060926 forever this focus on iteration is so
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00281-00060927-00060999 powerful
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00282-00061000-00061135 i think we come out of a kind of
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00283-00061136-00061350 perfectionistic culture and if it's not
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00284-00061351-00061535 perfect we're taught not to put it out
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00285-00061536-00061623 there and
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00286-00061624-00061815 and having this space where it's like
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00287-00061816-00061935 this is good enough
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00288-00061936-00062079 i'm a little scared to put it out there
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00289-00062079-00062230 but it's good enough i'm gonna put it
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00290-00062232-00062375 out there and we're gonna iterate it and
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00291-00062376-00062526 then it's gonna be awesome for lots of
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00292-00062527-00062671 people i just think this is really
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00293-00062672-00062942 empowering
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00294-00062944-00063238 okay so we want to hear from all of you
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00295-00063239-00063430 our wonderful audience i hope
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00296-00063432-00063775 um sorry can you see uh
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00297-00063776-00064006 mentee.com and can you see the code at
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00298-00064007-00064135 the top
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00299-00064136-00064359 is it covered up or can you see the
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00300-00064360-00064582 magic numbers
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00301-00064583-00064887 can see it okay beautiful um
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00302-00064888-00065142 so i hope um some of you have had a
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00303-00065144-00065303 chance to get in there the magic numbers
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00304-00065304-00065447 should still be up there
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00305-00065448-00065759 so uh repurposing some really fun
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00306-00065760-00066063 images from some of our community calls
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00307-00066064-00066375 actually what are we up for now we've
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00308-00066376-00066582 had two full days of the conference
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00309-00066583-00067087 and uh maybe we need some rest
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00310-00067088-00067687 some relaxation
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00311-00067688-00067871 oh some people are ready to party that's
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00312-00067872-00068087 awesome i'm like
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00313-00068088-00068231 step back with some wine so i do want to
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00314-00068232-00068455 say our thursday late show which will be
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00315-00068456-00068631 the last one of these late shows we're
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00316-00068632-00068823 going to have nicole allen
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00317-00068824-00069103 allen and daniel williamson on here for
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00318-00069104-00069279 a wine tasting and that's going to be a
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00319-00069280-00069343 lot of fun
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00320-00069344-00069591 so uh stay tuned for that we'll
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00321-00069592-00069735 definitely get to do the
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00322-00069736-00069967 the toasting bit a little bit later on
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00323-00069968-00070255 okay so rest is clearly uh winning here
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00324-00070256-00070399 but there's some other people up for
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00325-00070400-00070535 some fun
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00326-00070536-00070871 and some relaxation okay
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00327-00070872-00071094 and then just if you wanted to think
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00328-00071095-00071255 about a single word
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00329-00071256-00072038 for today what is today's word for you
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00330-00072039-00072382 marathon empowering packed full yeah we
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00331-00072383-00072447 packed
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00332-00072448-00072703 we packed it in i think i think we're
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00333-00072704-00072950 all feeling that resonant
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00334-00072951-00073359 informative friendship education
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00335-00073360-00073719 wow this is this is fun
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00336-00073720-00073959 and i like how we have um our color
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00337-00073960-00074023 scheme
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00338-00074024-00074223 our open ed color scheme for the words
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00339-00074224-00074647 isn't that cool
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00340-00074648-00075015 full that's that's really driving
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00341-00075016-00075247 driving the word cloud full and packed
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00342-00075248-00075415 whirlwind
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00343-00075416-00075967 ideas empowering creative fast
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00344-00075968-00076367 important i love it education okay let's
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00345-00076368-00076519 go on and get
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00346-00076520-00076847 just this is going to be our last mentee
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00347-00076848-00077143 uh element here but what is a key
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00348-00077144-00077311 session related takeaway
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00349-00077312-00077479 from today now if you have something key
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00350-00077480-00077615 that you're compelled to share and
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00351-00077616-00077711 you're like well that's not really
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00352-00077712-00077879 session related fine you'll throw it in
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00353-00077880-00077943 here
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00354-00077944-00078199 but um so you know build strong
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00355-00078200-00078303 relationships
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00356-00078304-00078615 center equity yeah we had such a
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00357-00078616-00078687 powerful
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00358-00078688-00079103 keynote kicking us off this morning
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00359-00079104-00079462 yeah center equity and care i just love
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00360-00079463-00079671 that that access that we saw there where
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00361-00079672-00079926 we can think about both equity and care
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00362-00079927-00080055 together as these
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00363-00080056-00080391 two really important dimensions zero
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00364-00080392-00080543 textbook cost plans
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00365-00080544-00080879 networking is key accessibility
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00366-00080880-00081279 our syllabus building trust over time
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00367-00081280-00081735 oh sharing resources which is fantastic
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00368-00081736-00082071 publish and share just like amanda did
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00369-00082072-00082462 digital media
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00370-00082463-00082703 yeah the care piece is really powerful i
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00371-00082704-00082806 think
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00372-00082807-00082991 we're at a place where where care is
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00373-00082992-00083535 radical how did that happen
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00374-00083536-00083926 students take the central role
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00375-00083927-00084175 kind of helping remind us what this is
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00376-00084176-00084247 all about
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00377-00084248-00084518 right where does this come from care is
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00378-00084519-00084703 active
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00379-00084704-00085223 connect care share i have to
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00380-00085224-00085455 digital media building partnerships
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00381-00085456-00085606 across campus smart
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00382-00085607-00085999 goals yeah that's always good
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00383-00086000-00086350 okay thank you all i really appreciate
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00384-00086351-00086399 you all
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00385-00086400-00086606 chiming in here i'm gonna move us
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00386-00086607-00086775 forward because i want to give us
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00387-00086776-00086982 like a little time for actual
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00388-00086983-00087350 conversation with our guests as well
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00389-00087351-00087582 and i picked this slide to kind of
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00390-00087583-00087782 encapsulate our experience today because
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00391-00087783-00087959 it has that heart we're talking about
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00392-00087960-00088303 centering care centering equity
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00393-00088304-00088526 kind of thinking about this as a journey
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00394-00088527-00088694 and for me
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00395-00088695-00089006 when we start bringing emotions and this
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00396-00089007-00089191 idea of what
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00397-00089192-00089526 what is really driving you um
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00398-00089527-00089671 digging deep and getting down to that
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00399-00089672-00089862 emotional level it helps me feel like
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00400-00089863-00089903 i'm
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00401-00089904-00090103 integrating my life like my personal
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00402-00090104-00090262 life maybe personal interest
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00403-00090263-00090479 and my academic life and my professional
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00404-00090480-00090623 life and so this
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00405-00090624-00090918 i don't know this is really i think very
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00406-00090919-00091031 deep and so i'm really
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00407-00091032-00091343 eager to hear especially from my guests
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00408-00091344-00091455 here today what
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00409-00091456-00091718 where the keynote and these other
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00410-00091719-00091855 sessions that you've been to
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00411-00091856-00092071 today have taken you and what's on your
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00412-00092072-00092423 mind
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00413-00092424-00092718 i can start so i i i was elated that the
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00414-00092719-00092862 keynote this morning
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00415-00092863-00093199 morning for me um you know centered
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00416-00093200-00093438 humanity and uh kind of like you were
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00417-00093439-00093582 saying emily it is
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00418-00093583-00093871 it is a little bit sad that care is
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00419-00093872-00093943 radical
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00420-00093944-00094287 right um that we have to center care
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00421-00094288-00094447 and it also made me think of
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00422-00094448-00094703 historically who's afforded that care
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00423-00094704-00094847 and as a result who is
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00424-00094848-00095255 typically not um and so i talk about
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00425-00095256-00095335 this in
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00426-00095336-00095550 some of the presentations that i give
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00427-00095551-00095687 about how
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00428-00095688-00095918 humanity for me or bringing my full
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00429-00095919-00096126 human self to the classroom for example
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00430-00096127-00096231 in front of my students
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00431-00096232-00096511 is it is a radical act because just the
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00432-00096512-00096606 mere fact
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00433-00096607-00096743 you know as a queer black woman in
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00434-00096744-00096982 higher ed like that that is a radical
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00435-00096983-00097215 political act of my very existence right
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00436-00097216-00097406 and so to humanize
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00437-00097407-00097687 my identity that is constantly
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00438-00097688-00097799 dehumanized
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00439-00097800-00098055 is an act of resist a resistance excuse
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00440-00098056-00098159 me is
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00441-00098160-00098374 a radical act and i was just so pleased
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00442-00098375-00098559 to see that like
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00443-00098560-00098799 you know humanity and care was truly
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00444-00098800-00098879 centered
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00445-00098880-00099087 um you know and i think that's so
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00446-00099088-00099311 imperative now with covet 19
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00447-00099312-00099615 the amount of you know mental
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00448-00099616-00099782 illnesses mental health illnesses that
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00449-00099783-00100038 are just increasing astronomically not
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00450-00100039-00100335 only among students but faculty as well
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00451-00100336-00100531 um i again i feel like i'm being
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00452-00100532-00100750 repetitive but i was just so
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00453-00100751-00101047 so pleased to hear um you know the lived
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00454-00101048-00101143 experiences
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00455-00101144-00101335 and the notion that care can be a
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00456-00101336-00101455 radical
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00457-00101456-00101735 um act uh i loved loved that message
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00458-00101736-00101823 truly did and
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00459-00101824-00102062 as a means to achieve equity that it's
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00460-00102063-00102311 essential to equity that was just
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00461-00102312-00102502 really really on par with how i've been
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00462-00102503-00103190 feeling for quite some time
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00463-00103191-00103551 yeah i mean i was really moved by
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00464-00103552-00103830 you know the keynote and then also what
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00465-00103831-00103886 really
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00466-00103888-00104086 stuck with me was i went to a few
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00467-00104088-00104271 sessions that used this progressive
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00468-00104272-00104390 stacking
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00469-00104391-00104575 where um folks asked people with
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00470-00104576-00104751 marginalized identities or
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00471-00104752-00104975 it was in you know the women of color in
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00472-00104976-00105078 oer
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00473-00105079-00105302 session as well as the sort of feminist
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00474-00105303-00105423 pedagogy session
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00475-00105424-00105583 i'm getting the name i think of that
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00476-00105583-00105815 wrong but um
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00477-00105816-00106031 and people put stars in front of their
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00478-00106032-00106254 names so they could take up that space
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00479-00106255-00106527 and be highlighted first um so finding
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00480-00106528-00106710 ways that like you can put equity
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00481-00106711-00106966 kind of into your practice and just do
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00482-00106967-00107158 it in this very concrete way
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00483-00107159-00107407 is helpful for me to think about um of
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00484-00107408-00107583 like what are ways that i can help do
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00485-00107583-00107639 that
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00486-00107640-00107823 when i'm leading a session that i can
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00487-00107824-00107966 think about that it doesn't just have to
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00488-00107967-00108007 be
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00489-00108008-00108183 in the women of color session that that
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00490-00108183-00108415 happens but that can happen really in
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00491-00108416-00108543 any space
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00492-00108544-00108727 um you know thinking about also just how
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00493-00108728-00109007 much space you take up in a meeting
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00494-00109008-00109190 there's this jewish practice that i've
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00495-00109191-00109351 done called moussar
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00496-00109352-00109558 and has this concept of anava which is
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00497-00109559-00109758 the same thing about space like how much
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00498-00109759-00109919 and it's connected to like
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00499-00109920-00110286 your humility um so i was thinking about
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00500-00110288-00110478 that a lot about how these things all
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00501-00110479-00110647 connect together
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00502-00110648-00110910 because it's this practice of ethics um
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00503-00110911-00111023 and how we
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00504-00111024-00111254 have this ethic of care as well and how
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00505-00111255-00111366 these are all
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00506-00111367-00111639 sort of interconnected ideas that we
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00507-00111640-00111783 really need to center
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00508-00111783-00112063 in order to do our to do our work and to
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00509-00112064-00112447 connect our humanity and to be together
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00510-00112448-00112766 i think people will be happier in our
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00511-00112767-00112839 jobs and
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00512-00112840-00113119 in our respective roles but no seriously
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00513-00113120-00113143 i
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00514-00113144-00113358 i think you know just as faculty staff
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00515-00113359-00113519 whatever your title is we'd be happier
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00516-00113520-00113551 our
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00517-00113552-00113751 students would be happier because as a
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00518-00113752-00114031 result we're showcasing that and i love
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00519-00114032-00114207 the point that you made stacey about
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00520-00114208-00114407 conversational space i mean
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00521-00114408-00114599 that's something that is really on my
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00522-00114600-00114823 radar as well in terms of
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00523-00114824-00115183 um just be conscious about your identity
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00524-00115183-00115510 and the assumption that you
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00525-00115511-00115775 are supposed to take up conversational
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00526-00115776-00116039 space or not take a conversational space
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00527-00116040-00116207 i i love that i love that you brought
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00528-00116208-00116678 that up
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00529-00116679-00116895 yeah i will totally plus one what stacy
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00530-00116896-00117039 said because we were in ton of the same
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00531-00117040-00117183 sessions today
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00532-00117183-00117519 um but in addition to that um i rounded
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00533-00117520-00117575 off
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00534-00117576-00117895 my day by hosting a session um
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00535-00117896-00118207 where some humanities faculty
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00536-00118208-00118471 were talking about how they worked
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00537-00118472-00118575 together
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00538-00118576-00118831 on some oer and the way that they
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00539-00118832-00118990 collaborated with their library
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00540-00118991-00119366 and um and they really made an effort to
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00541-00119367-00119447 make that
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00542-00119448-00119678 visible and as a librarian a lot of
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00543-00119679-00119919 times our work in that process is very
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00544-00119920-00120047 invisible labor
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00545-00120048-00120271 nobody sees the things that we do to
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00546-00120272-00120463 sort of help them get to the end goal
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00547-00120464-00120783 and to see instructors really working
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00548-00120783-00121086 to make that connection very apparent to
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00549-00121088-00121254 their audience was just like oh
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00550-00121255-00121663 my little heart just very refreshing
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00551-00121664-00121919 to see their library and recognize for
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00552-00121920-00121999 all the work that they
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00553-00122000-00122375 did and also um talking about how
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00554-00122376-00122614 library resources can also help fill in
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00555-00122615-00122751 the affordable
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00556-00122752-00122943 gaps when there isn't something for oer
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00557-00122944-00123078 and what that looks like
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00558-00123079-00123319 and the instructors were so resp like
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00559-00123320-00123423 the audience
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00560-00123424-00123710 was so so responsive to that and took
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00561-00123711-00123919 away a bunch of ideas
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00562-00123920-00124239 um and it was just really nice after a
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00563-00124240-00124447 really long day to sort of end on that
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00564-00124448-00124683 really positive like overflowing
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00565-00124683-00124799 effervescent
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00566-00124800-00125014 kind of love for the kind of work that
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00567-00125015-00125134 we do
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00568-00125135-00125423 um and i'm gonna take that away with me
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00569-00125424-00125607 once i get some dinner and just like
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00570-00125608-00126063 room fantastic thank you so much
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00571-00126064-00126390 and olga called out i like that phrase
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00572-00126391-00126614 invisible labor so true it's such an
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00573-00126615-00126807 important conversation to include as
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00574-00126808-00126927 part of this
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00575-00126928-00127239 these oer conversations i
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00576-00127240-00127439 need to move us forward because time
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00577-00127440-00127599 flies while we're having fun
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00578-00127600-00127766 so let's give some highlights i'm going
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00579-00127767-00127910 to get let haley
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00580-00127911-00128071 um talk us through some of these
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00581-00128072-00128399 highlights oh sorry sure
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00582-00128400-00128639 so some of the some of the great things
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00583-00128640-00128719 going on
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00584-00128720-00128919 uh this evening and over the next couple
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00585-00128920-00129063 days that you're gonna
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00586-00129064-00129407 want to be sure not to miss um as
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00587-00129408-00129623 uh as the same as yesterday we have lots
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00588-00129624-00129807 of featured lightning talks um that are
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00589-00129808-00129934 available on the website
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00590-00129935-00130207 so if you're one of those people who uh
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00591-00130208-00130366 earlier in the mentee presentation said
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00592-00130367-00130534 you were still ready to party maybe this
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00593-00130535-00130783 is the avenue for you
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00594-00130783-00130999 um if you just go to the open education
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00595-00131000-00131135 conference website
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00596-00131136-00131414 um under the 2020 tab here and lightning
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00597-00131415-00131575 talks you'll be able to vote for your
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00598-00131576-00131735 top three favorites
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00599-00131736-00131990 um so by no means do we expect anybody
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00600-00131991-00132135 to watch them all
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00601-00132136-00132295 but if you do watch some that really
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00602-00132296-00132543 really resonate with you um
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00603-00132544-00132839 give them a give them an upvote um and
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00604-00132840-00132895 we'll see
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00605-00132896-00133214 who comes out the winner at the end
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00606-00133215-00133607 um after this so tomorrow our planner
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00607-00133608-00133959 session is is really really exciting um
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00608-00133960-00134190 if you're able to pull up the details
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00609-00134191-00134319 thank you
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00610-00134320-00134463 so we're going to be chatting about
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00611-00134464-00134663 applications of open education during
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00612-00134664-00134871 the coven 19 pandemic and we have some
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00613-00134872-00135119 really fantastic policy experts
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00614-00135120-00135366 um in to come chat with us so sharon liu
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00615-00135367-00135607 who's a senior policy advisor from the
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00616-00135608-00135966 u.s department of education as well as
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00617-00135967-00136095 harrison keller from the texas
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00618-00136096-00136319 commission of higher ed um so
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00619-00136320-00136759 be sure to uh be there for that one
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00620-00136760-00137135 i think the time for that is going to be
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00621-00137136-00137390 oh wow i'm so sorry i didn't oh that's
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00622-00137391-00137447 okay
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00623-00137448-00137727 it is i believe two to three thirty
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00624-00137728-00137799 tomorrow
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00625-00137800-00138023 yeah two of you technically three twenty
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00626-00138024-00138207 five but i think thinking of it as two
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00627-00138208-00138478 to three thirty will serve you well
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00628-00138479-00138614 yes so this is one thing we have to
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00629-00138615-00138799 watch the plenary shift time
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00630-00138800-00138983 different days so that's that's a good
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00631-00138984-00139111 piece as you're
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00632-00139112-00139447 anchoring your day and then recordings
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00633-00139448-00139607 are typically going to be made
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00634-00139608-00139911 available the next day and i didn't go
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00635-00139912-00140007 back and check
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00636-00140008-00140254 and see if um the ones from yesterday
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00637-00140255-00140423 were up but that was the hope was that
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00638-00140424-00140847 they would be up you know 24 hours later
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00639-00140848-00141031 awesome and nicole says we're doing our
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00640-00141032-00141159 best and
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00641-00141160-00141559 that's all we can ask right that's all
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00642-00141560-00141847 amazing cool well other things you can
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00643-00141848-00141935 look forward to
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00644-00141936-00142239 i know our tea time uh yoga on monday
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00645-00142240-00142454 got a lot of positive attention so if
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00646-00142455-00142559 you missed out
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00647-00142560-00142735 there's still another opportunity to
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00648-00142736-00142919 come again so that's gonna be wednesday
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00649-00142920-00142966 at 3
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00650-00142967-00143326 30 and that's 3 30 eastern um
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00651-00143327-00143631 also we are hosting uh a
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00652-00143632-00143887 dungeons and dragons game tomorrow night
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00653-00143888-00144023 for those of you
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00654-00144024-00144414 uh who are interested there is a uh
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00655-00144415-00144726 a card in sked
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00656-00144727-00144935 um for you to go on and sign up that's
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00657-00144936-00145071 wednesday night uh
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00658-00145072-00145271 5 30 eastern and then there's also a
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00659-00145272-00145390 google doc
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00660-00145391-00145623 um in the description there where we're
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00661-00145624-00145807 asking folks to go in and sign up if
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00662-00145808-00146014 you're interested in playing so be sure
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00663-00146015-00146302 to check that out as well
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00664-00146303-00146599 and then i think we have raya papaya
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00665-00146600-00146782 right here right
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00666-00146783-00146926 [Applause]
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00667-00146927-00147199 the big enchilada won the tuesday taco
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00668-00147200-00147399 challenge
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00669-00147400-00147726 as well as some margaritas so right now
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00670-00147727-00147951 like four minutes from now tiffany is
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00671-00147952-00148159 gonna get on and make these amazing
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00672-00148160-00148254 enchiladas
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00673-00148255-00148511 and make the winning margarita recipe so
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00674-00148512-00148623 as we're ready to
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00675-00148624-00148790 to nourish ourselves there's going to be
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00676-00148791-00148959 some more fun around this food so
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00677-00148960-00149495 congratulations raya
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00678-00149496-00149911 yay congrats and then i think we're just
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00679-00149912-00150126 at the end of our late show here so
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00680-00150127-00150223 please do
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00681-00150224-00150463 come back tomorrow the early show with
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00682-00150464-00150663 amy tan and winnie starts
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00683-00150664-00150943 at 9 30 eastern tomorrow so we have more
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00684-00150944-00151031 fun
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00685-00151032-00151287 more fun in store like three more days
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00686-00151288-00151495 and it's
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00687-00151496-00151687 so take care of yourself hang in there
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00688-00151688-00152126 this is a marathon not a sprint
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00689-00152127-00152502 absolutely well thank you so much
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00690-00152503-00152726 i really a big shout out to amanda and
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00691-00152727-00152943 jasmine and stacy for joining into the
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00692-00152944-00152983 show
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00693-00152984-00153175 and sharing some of their work and some
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00694-00153176-00153414 of their insights thank you haley
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00695-00153415-00153719 my uh
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00696-00153720-00153926 compatriot in the late show here and
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00697-00153927-00154078 thank all of you for showing up we
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00698-00154079-00154254 really appreciate your attention at the
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00699-00154255-00154439 end of what has been a very long
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00700-00154440-00154687 and full day we appreciate you spending
+Y-RNVA0Ld-c-00701-00154688-00155184 this time with us
+YAmWK24zgcu-00000-00000016-00000254 hey guys nick here and this is sneak
+YAmWK24zgcu-00001-00000256-00000526 creation channel so for today our topic
+YAmWK24zgcu-00002-00000527-00000807 is about a dao organization that will be
+YAmWK24zgcu-00003-00000808-00000999 bringing platforms
+YAmWK24zgcu-00004-00001000-00001319 games and opportunities to their members
+YAmWK24zgcu-00005-00001320-00001623 as they provide their nfp and token
+YAmWK24zgcu-00006-00001623-00001887 holders the opportunity for the voting
+YAmWK24zgcu-00007-00001888-00002207 rights or the governance or all future
+YAmWK24zgcu-00008-00002208-00002518 actions or overall direction of their
+YAmWK24zgcu-00009-00002519-00002767 organization community driven approach
+YAmWK24zgcu-00010-00002768-00003039 is very important right now for every
+YAmWK24zgcu-00011-00003040-00003311 crypto project that we are encountering
+YAmWK24zgcu-00012-00003311-00003543 and this has been a topic for some of
+YAmWK24zgcu-00013-00003544-00003815 our videos before but what we are going
+YAmWK24zgcu-00014-00003815-00004143 to discuss today is about sick tiger so
+YAmWK24zgcu-00015-00004144-00004375 stick tiger has been successful at the
+YAmWK24zgcu-00016-00004376-00004599 early phase of their project
+YAmWK24zgcu-00017-00004600-00004854 they were able to go with their ido and
+YAmWK24zgcu-00018-00004855-00005111 finish that within 10 minutes and
+YAmWK24zgcu-00019-00005112-00005351 complete their fundraising also they
+YAmWK24zgcu-00020-00005352-00005638 have started feeding in dodo and then
+YAmWK24zgcu-00021-00005639-00005918 later on they have pancake training and
+YAmWK24zgcu-00022-00005919-00006222 right now they're also invested in mexi
+YAmWK24zgcu-00023-00006223-00006534 in gate io so with their total of 1
+YAmWK24zgcu-00024-00006536-00006798 billion tokens they have burned their 40
+YAmWK24zgcu-00025-00006800-00007110 million sti tokens and then 10 million
+YAmWK24zgcu-00026-00007111-00007359 of them were taken as a tao governance
+YAmWK24zgcu-00027-00007359-00007606 rewards for their users all right guys
+YAmWK24zgcu-00028-00007608-00007974 so here they also have nfps tiger nfds
+YAmWK24zgcu-00029-00007975-00008263 which are also named after the crypto
+YAmWK24zgcu-00030-00008264-00008551 personalities like binancy
+YAmWK24zgcu-00031-00008552-00008807 vitalik and others you can see from the
+YAmWK24zgcu-00032-00008808-00009006 top part of the scene that they have
+YAmWK24zgcu-00033-00009007-00009255 sold out all of their nfts that were
+YAmWK24zgcu-00034-00009256-00009623 listed in binance nfd so their nfp have
+YAmWK24zgcu-00035-00009624-00009967 exceeded the 1800 us dollars in the
+YAmWK24zgcu-00036-00009968-00010238 binance nfd market and right now the
+YAmWK24zgcu-00037-00010239-00010542 floor is at six thousand us dollars so
+YAmWK24zgcu-00038-00010543-00010751 the other exchange where you can buy
+YAmWK24zgcu-00039-00010752-00011135 their sdi token is zeb exchange but who
+YAmWK24zgcu-00040-00011136-00011431 are the people behind this sick tiger so
+YAmWK24zgcu-00041-00011432-00011638 we will be discussing that later on we
+YAmWK24zgcu-00042-00011639-00011838 will go to their website and then we
+YAmWK24zgcu-00043-00011839-00012103 will provide more information about this
+YAmWK24zgcu-00044-00012104-00012310 project so guys if you are new to this
+YAmWK24zgcu-00045-00012311-00012527 channel i encourage you to smash the
+YAmWK24zgcu-00046-00012528-00012799 like button if you like this topic and
+YAmWK24zgcu-00047-00012800-00012966 also the subscribe button the
+YAmWK24zgcu-00048-00012967-00013158 notification bell so that you will be
+YAmWK24zgcu-00049-00013159-00013415 updated with all of our nfp games
+YAmWK24zgcu-00050-00013416-00013679 metaverse launchpad and other platforms
+YAmWK24zgcu-00051-00013680-00013863 take note guys that this is not a
+YAmWK24zgcu-00052-00013863-00014238 financial advice as we always say always
+YAmWK24zgcu-00053-00014240-00014463 do your own research invest what you can
+YAmWK24zgcu-00054-00014463-00014711 afford to lose and also make your own
+YAmWK24zgcu-00055-00014712-00014883 decision as there are a lot of
+YAmWK24zgcu-00056-00014884-00015166 uncontrollables here so we better be
+YAmWK24zgcu-00057-00015168-00015383 responsible on all of the actions that
+YAmWK24zgcu-00058-00015384-00015679 we will be taking
+YAmWK24zgcu-00059-00015680-00015911 now we are here on their website and if
+YAmWK24zgcu-00060-00015912-00016119 we go to their home page so these are
+YAmWK24zgcu-00061-00016119-00016286 the things that we will be seeing here
+YAmWK24zgcu-00062-00016287-00016607 so welcome to see tiger money rewards
+YAmWK24zgcu-00063-00016608-00016847 well in short you will be able to
+YAmWK24zgcu-00064-00016848-00017071 participate in this organization you'll
+YAmWK24zgcu-00065-00017072-00017286 be able to get your badge and at the
+YAmWK24zgcu-00066-00017287-00017494 same time you'll be able to play some of
+YAmWK24zgcu-00067-00017495-00017703 the play-to-end games that they have
+YAmWK24zgcu-00068-00017704-00017999 where they can reward the people who are
+YAmWK24zgcu-00069-00018000-00018294 playing within their community so here
+YAmWK24zgcu-00070-00018295-00018575 you can see samurai ninja kuya and
+YAmWK24zgcu-00071-00018576-00018807 pirate and you can see how many people
+YAmWK24zgcu-00072-00018808-00018999 are playing and then here you can see
+YAmWK24zgcu-00073-00019000-00019239 the information about the ranking list
+YAmWK24zgcu-00074-00019240-00019511 in terms of the top guilds so
+YAmWK24zgcu-00075-00019512-00019703 actually there are a lot of
+YAmWK24zgcu-00076-00019704-00019943 typos here like this change
+YAmWK24zgcu-00077-00019944-00020175 lens i'm not sure if that is expected
+YAmWK24zgcu-00078-00020176-00020294 and then here
+YAmWK24zgcu-00079-00020295-00020647 the picture is uh the picture is ygg but
+YAmWK24zgcu-00080-00020648-00020878 you can see ggg here so i'm not sure if
+YAmWK24zgcu-00081-00020879-00020967 that's
+YAmWK24zgcu-00082-00020968-00021303 expected and then this game players so
+YAmWK24zgcu-00083-00021304-00021543 it's like gameplays i'm not sure if that
+YAmWK24zgcu-00084-00021544-00021767 is expected here so here are the winners
+YAmWK24zgcu-00085-00021768-00022078 so they get portion of the sti tokens
+YAmWK24zgcu-00086-00022079-00022286 maybe based on their activities but
+YAmWK24zgcu-00087-00022287-00022519 given that these are like same numbers
+YAmWK24zgcu-00088-00022520-00022743 i'm not sure if this is accurate or
+YAmWK24zgcu-00089-00022744-00023039 already progressing their mission in
+YAmWK24zgcu-00090-00023040-00023319 their organization is to ensure that all
+YAmWK24zgcu-00091-00023320-00023535 of the games that they will put in their
+YAmWK24zgcu-00092-00023536-00023791 platform will be filtered and assessed
+YAmWK24zgcu-00093-00023792-00024039 by the members of the organization so
+YAmWK24zgcu-00094-00024040-00024303 here in order to be part of the dao so
+YAmWK24zgcu-00095-00024304-00024558 you'll be able to buy mystery box worth
+YAmWK24zgcu-00096-00024559-00024847 10 us dollars or you can also buy a
+YAmWK24zgcu-00097-00024848-00025135 specific dao badge which is amounting
+YAmWK24zgcu-00098-00025136-00025399 around 1000 us dollars but of course if
+YAmWK24zgcu-00099-00025400-00025591 you'll be buying mystery box you have a
+YAmWK24zgcu-00100-00025592-00025855 chance to get a different rarity based
+YAmWK24zgcu-00101-00025856-00026087 on this like gotcha system so here are
+YAmWK24zgcu-00102-00026088-00026343 the example of the tiger enemies that
+YAmWK24zgcu-00103-00026344-00026535 they have and the number the
+YAmWK24zgcu-00104-00026536-00026718 corresponding number but i think we will
+YAmWK24zgcu-00105-00026719-00026870 be going through that through their
+YAmWK24zgcu-00106-00026872-00027046 pitch deck later for the strategic
+YAmWK24zgcu-00107-00027047-00027302 partners for some reason i don't see any
+YAmWK24zgcu-00108-00027304-00027535 information here but i think they will
+YAmWK24zgcu-00109-00027536-00027735 still need to do a lot of updates here
+YAmWK24zgcu-00110-00027736-00027951 because when i went to their telegram
+YAmWK24zgcu-00111-00027952-00028143 they're announcing a lot of partners
+YAmWK24zgcu-00112-00028144-00028327 there they're partnering with known
+YAmWK24zgcu-00113-00028327-00028646 venture capitals and even game studios
+YAmWK24zgcu-00114-00028647-00028862 that we will be collaborating with them
+YAmWK24zgcu-00115-00028863-00029135 in the game fi platform which is they're
+YAmWK24zgcu-00116-00029136-00029407 trying to build the metaverse as well so
+YAmWK24zgcu-00117-00029408-00029607 guys if you will click the new games
+YAmWK24zgcu-00118-00029608-00029767 here you'll be able to check the battle
+YAmWK24zgcu-00119-00029768-00030095 royale the zero tail the battle royale
+YAmWK24zgcu-00120-00030095-00030374 swell and battle royale type of games
+YAmWK24zgcu-00121-00030375-00030574 for the pirate booyah
+YAmWK24zgcu-00122-00030575-00030846 ninja and samurai and if you will go to
+YAmWK24zgcu-00123-00030847-00031055 the nft market it's currently
+YAmWK24zgcu-00124-00031056-00031351 unavailable if you go to the mystery box
+YAmWK24zgcu-00125-00031352-00031574 so this is where you'll be able to buy
+YAmWK24zgcu-00126-00031575-00031879 your box so if you are interested do try
+YAmWK24zgcu-00127-00031880-00032167 it so you can buy actually for the right
+YAmWK24zgcu-00128-00032168-00032358 side you can try your hub so in this
+YAmWK24zgcu-00129-00032360-00032695 case i've got eth so i assume this is c
+YAmWK24zgcu-00130-00032695-00032935 vitalik but for the left side i can see
+YAmWK24zgcu-00131-00032936-00033143 here zero available box i'm not sure if
+YAmWK24zgcu-00132-00033144-00033399 that's expected but if you click this
+YAmWK24zgcu-00133-00033400-00033599 so you can put how many
+YAmWK24zgcu-00134-00033600-00033879 mystery boxes you're gonna buy
+YAmWK24zgcu-00135-00033880-00034135 going to the dao organization so you'll
+YAmWK24zgcu-00136-00034136-00034423 be able to get their details how they
+YAmWK24zgcu-00137-00034424-00034679 want to do the governance or the voting
+YAmWK24zgcu-00138-00034680-00034943 system so you'll be able to read it here
+YAmWK24zgcu-00139-00034944-00035207 for all of the sti folders so you'll be
+YAmWK24zgcu-00140-00035208-00035502 able to vote on the decisions that they
+YAmWK24zgcu-00141-00035503-00035711 want to make within the organization and
+YAmWK24zgcu-00142-00035712-00035983 for the about us so you'll see here that
+YAmWK24zgcu-00143-00035984-00036246 seektiger is a tao ecological service
+YAmWK24zgcu-00144-00036247-00036502 platform based on web3 the ecological
+YAmWK24zgcu-00145-00036503-00036751 applications include tiger the vc
+YAmWK24zgcu-00146-00036752-00037023 platform so they have also built their
+YAmWK24zgcu-00147-00037024-00037239 tiger capital wherein they're also
+YAmWK24zgcu-00148-00037240-00037455 investing with the games that will use
+YAmWK24zgcu-00149-00037456-00037646 their platform but i think in the future
+YAmWK24zgcu-00150-00037647-00037911 they are considering investing on other
+YAmWK24zgcu-00151-00037912-00038183 games as well as long as accepted by the
+YAmWK24zgcu-00152-00038184-00038455 community so they will have their nfp
+YAmWK24zgcu-00153-00038456-00038718 trading platform the tax trading
+YAmWK24zgcu-00154-00038719-00038830 platform
+YAmWK24zgcu-00155-00038831-00039079 all platforms are governed by the tao
+YAmWK24zgcu-00156-00039080-00039318 and they have the blind box so i think
+YAmWK24zgcu-00157-00039319-00039511 they're referring to the mystery box
+YAmWK24zgcu-00158-00039512-00039702 here and then the digital tiger the
+YAmWK24zgcu-00159-00039703-00039983 combination of the nfd and the the dow
+YAmWK24zgcu-00160-00039984-00040223 presents you an interesting metaverse
+YAmWK24zgcu-00161-00040224-00040639 ecology of dao nfl game 5 and d5 so
+YAmWK24zgcu-00162-00040640-00040911 they're trying to cover an end-to-end
+YAmWK24zgcu-00163-00040912-00041135 crypto projects right so
+YAmWK24zgcu-00164-00041136-00041383 it's interesting to know more about this
+YAmWK24zgcu-00165-00041384-00041646 so here are their amazing pictures from
+YAmWK24zgcu-00166-00041647-00041887 asset security guarantee from higher
+YAmWK24zgcu-00167-00041888-00042071 return rate because they all you can
+YAmWK24zgcu-00168-00042072-00042351 also stick here on their website i will
+YAmWK24zgcu-00169-00042352-00042543 share the link in the description later
+YAmWK24zgcu-00170-00042544-00042743 and then the global market and the dow
+YAmWK24zgcu-00171-00042744-00042927 go over and so we can see here their
+YAmWK24zgcu-00172-00042928-00043135 founders these are just some of the
+YAmWK24zgcu-00173-00043136-00043343 people because i checked their white
+YAmWK24zgcu-00174-00043344-00043574 paper but of course here are the people
+YAmWK24zgcu-00175-00043575-00043823 the co-founders and there are link in
+YAmWK24zgcu-00176-00043824-00044030 links here as well so we can go with
+YAmWK24zgcu-00177-00044031-00044255 david stephen which is normally doing
+YAmWK24zgcu-00178-00044256-00044607 the amas so this is his profile so he's
+YAmWK24zgcu-00179-00044608-00044895 a cross-platform engineer and system
+YAmWK24zgcu-00180-00044896-00045079 architect and you can also check the
+YAmWK24zgcu-00181-00045080-00045351 other co-founders on the on this website
+YAmWK24zgcu-00182-00045352-00045535 okay so as mentioned we talked about
+YAmWK24zgcu-00183-00045536-00045799 seek tiger as a decentralized game fight
+YAmWK24zgcu-00184-00045800-00046055 aggregation platform based on web 3
+YAmWK24zgcu-00185-00046056-00046439 covering the nft dao in game fi and then
+YAmWK24zgcu-00186-00046440-00046558 these are the things that they will
+YAmWK24zgcu-00187-00046559-00046839 cover from ecosystem to the vessels to
+YAmWK24zgcu-00188-00046840-00047102 the verticals so game fight aggregation
+YAmWK24zgcu-00189-00047103-00047383 platform nfd trading platform the dao
+YAmWK24zgcu-00190-00047384-00047623 the capital the gamers the nfd
+YAmWK24zgcu-00191-00047624-00047918 popularity guild players and investor
+YAmWK24zgcu-00192-00047919-00048158 promotion so these are self explanatory
+YAmWK24zgcu-00193-00048159-00048367 so we will not be discussing further and
+YAmWK24zgcu-00194-00048368-00048646 then the n plus game support program so
+YAmWK24zgcu-00195-00048647-00048862 what they would like to do this is to
+YAmWK24zgcu-00196-00048863-00049111 provide a platform having the api
+YAmWK24zgcu-00197-00049112-00049383 technical modules wallet support as well
+YAmWK24zgcu-00198-00049384-00049662 as the initial game offering the d5
+YAmWK24zgcu-00199-00049663-00049895 mobility tools game display download
+YAmWK24zgcu-00200-00049896-00050207 portal game guild and community and then
+YAmWK24zgcu-00201-00050208-00050558 help more development studios tokyo game
+YAmWK24zgcu-00202-00050559-00050807 so they will have tutorials like
+YAmWK24zgcu-00203-00050808-00051086 learning space for game play wallets
+YAmWK24zgcu-00204-00051087-00051350 token transfer nfp transaction game
+YAmWK24zgcu-00205-00051351-00051623 token if i investment gear community
+YAmWK24zgcu-00206-00051624-00051911 social networking and other services so
+YAmWK24zgcu-00207-00051912-00052119 the game aggregation platform will be
+YAmWK24zgcu-00208-00052120-00052438 driven by the dao community demand so i
+YAmWK24zgcu-00209-00052439-00052726 think the overall background of this is
+YAmWK24zgcu-00210-00052727-00052950 they have different personalities
+YAmWK24zgcu-00211-00052951-00053159 expertise within the tao and then
+YAmWK24zgcu-00212-00053160-00053335 certain number of people will be
+YAmWK24zgcu-00213-00053336-00053559 filtering assessing the
+YAmWK24zgcu-00214-00053560-00053750 games that they will allow to go to
+YAmWK24zgcu-00215-00053751-00054079 their platform like i think if they have
+YAmWK24zgcu-00216-00054079-00054319 60 approval they'll be able to
+YAmWK24zgcu-00217-00054320-00054726 accommodate them and be adopted by the
+YAmWK24zgcu-00218-00054727-00054991 dao all right so they will have nfp
+YAmWK24zgcu-00219-00054991-00055311 marketplace so this will allow them to
+YAmWK24zgcu-00220-00055312-00055591 enhance the circulation of game assets
+YAmWK24zgcu-00221-00055591-00055807 by trading so they'll be able to
+YAmWK24zgcu-00222-00055808-00056094 transform as well the in-game assets
+YAmWK24zgcu-00223-00056095-00056319 including the mystery box the role the
+YAmWK24zgcu-00224-00056320-00056638 prop the collectibles into nfps so here
+YAmWK24zgcu-00225-00056639-00056854 they will have auction arena
+YAmWK24zgcu-00226-00056855-00057159 mystery box game arena and collectors
+YAmWK24zgcu-00227-00057160-00057407 trading area so they also have a tiger
+YAmWK24zgcu-00228-00057408-00057654 capital they've recently partnered with
+YAmWK24zgcu-00229-00057655-00057879 plato farm so this is a game in the
+YAmWK24zgcu-00230-00057879-00058103 early phase so this will be one of the
+YAmWK24zgcu-00231-00058104-00058382 games they will empower in crow so you
+YAmWK24zgcu-00232-00058383-00058654 can see here that this game will be
+YAmWK24zgcu-00233-00058655-00059038 i think listed in hobie global
+YAmWK24zgcu-00234-00059039-00059150 all right
+YAmWK24zgcu-00235-00059151-00059382 so their capital is located
+YAmWK24zgcu-00236-00059383-00059671 in colorado usa so there are a lot of
+YAmWK24zgcu-00237-00059672-00059838 typos here i'm not sure if that's
+YAmWK24zgcu-00238-00059839-00060015 expected but of course guys we're
+YAmWK24zgcu-00239-00060016-00060271 stating only fox tier so capital for
+YAmWK24zgcu-00240-00060272-00060454 high quality blockchain projects to
+YAmWK24zgcu-00241-00060455-00060742 build content on the seektiger platform
+YAmWK24zgcu-00242-00060744-00060830 and
+YAmWK24zgcu-00243-00060832-00061047 medal of honor members assist in the due
+YAmWK24zgcu-00244-00061048-00061326 diligence process so the ones with
+YAmWK24zgcu-00245-00061327-00061630 special badges will be able to
+YAmWK24zgcu-00246-00061632-00061871 support them in making some decisions
+YAmWK24zgcu-00247-00061872-00062150 within the organization so here are the
+YAmWK24zgcu-00248-00062151-00062399 tiger dao you can see here the badges
+YAmWK24zgcu-00249-00062400-00062479 that
+YAmWK24zgcu-00250-00062479-00062703 will have more opportunities like the
+YAmWK24zgcu-00251-00062704-00063047 vitalik the satoshi so it's named after
+YAmWK24zgcu-00252-00063048-00063415 the creator of bitcoin and then by nancy
+YAmWK24zgcu-00253-00063416-00063615 so they are seeing here that elite now
+YAmWK24zgcu-00254-00063616-00063791 members dedicated to improving the
+YAmWK24zgcu-00255-00063791-00064015 community so this is what they are
+YAmWK24zgcu-00256-00064016-00064215 looking for they will be responsible for
+YAmWK24zgcu-00257-00064216-00064430 sourcing excellent new talents and
+YAmWK24zgcu-00258-00064432-00064638 promising projects so they will have
+YAmWK24zgcu-00259-00064639-00064854 more than ten thousand down members in
+YAmWK24zgcu-00260-00064855-00065079 the future and then on rolling basis
+YAmWK24zgcu-00261-00065079-00065287 members bring in promising projects to
+YAmWK24zgcu-00262-00065288-00065582 review verify and vote if this projects
+YAmWK24zgcu-00263-00065583-00065879 are allied to the vision of seek tiger
+YAmWK24zgcu-00264-00065880-00066182 so this makes their game ecosystem fair
+YAmWK24zgcu-00265-00066183-00066367 transparent impartial and robust
+YAmWK24zgcu-00266-00066368-00066526 actually if you've heard about the dao
+YAmWK24zgcu-00267-00066527-00066735 so it will be coming community driven
+YAmWK24zgcu-00268-00066736-00066999 approach in terms of governance and
+YAmWK24zgcu-00269-00067000-00067191 meeting the sessions so everyone can
+YAmWK24zgcu-00270-00067192-00067415 take part of it so so basically that's
+YAmWK24zgcu-00271-00067416-00067599 it and if you go to the
+YAmWK24zgcu-00272-00067600-00067806 sick tiger mystery box you want to be
+YAmWK24zgcu-00273-00067807-00068079 part of the dao so these are the nfs
+YAmWK24zgcu-00274-00068080-00068335 that we can get from super super rare
+YAmWK24zgcu-00275-00068336-00068759 super air to measure s r and n so you'll
+YAmWK24zgcu-00276-00068760-00068991 be able to uh see the difference in
+YAmWK24zgcu-00277-00068992-00069335 terms of the quantity from 100 1000 10
+YAmWK24zgcu-00278-00069336-00069423 000
+YAmWK24zgcu-00279-00069424-00069863 50 050 000 and for the n they are 100
+YAmWK24zgcu-00280-00069864-00070223 000. so you can see the chances here so
+YAmWK24zgcu-00281-00070224-00070519 so the medal of honor or like the people
+YAmWK24zgcu-00282-00070520-00070663 who will be
+YAmWK24zgcu-00283-00070664-00070926 mostly in charge on like making the
+YAmWK24zgcu-00284-00070927-00071119 sessions or being part of the elite
+YAmWK24zgcu-00285-00071120-00071326 members are the people who will get the
+YAmWK24zgcu-00286-00071327-00071767 satoshi nakamoto vitali
+YAmWK24zgcu-00287-00071768-00072071 so you can see here how many sti tokens
+YAmWK24zgcu-00288-00072072-00072367 can be part of the dividends from 40
+YAmWK24zgcu-00289-00072368-00072615 million for vitalik 10 million for
+YAmWK24zgcu-00290-00072616-00072735 satoshi
+YAmWK24zgcu-00291-00072736-00073006 and 100 million for binancy so you can
+YAmWK24zgcu-00292-00073007-00073271 also upgrade your nfds so you'll be able
+YAmWK24zgcu-00293-00073272-00073615 to do that by having one candy tiger so
+YAmWK24zgcu-00294-00073616-00073943 this one and then paying 1000 sdi and
+YAmWK24zgcu-00295-00073944-00074294 then you will get another nft a 3d nft
+YAmWK24zgcu-00296-00074295-00074623 that can give you 30 sti per day with a
+YAmWK24zgcu-00297-00074624-00074991 total output of 3000 sdi
+YAmWK24zgcu-00298-00074992-00075175 all right so that's the high level
+YAmWK24zgcu-00299-00075176-00075455 information about the seek tiger and you
+YAmWK24zgcu-00300-00075456-00075615 can see here from one of their
+YAmWK24zgcu-00301-00075616-00075887 co-founders so they they're saying that
+YAmWK24zgcu-00302-00075888-00076103 they are not trying to create the future
+YAmWK24zgcu-00303-00076104-00076319 they're just trying to have fun
+YAmWK24zgcu-00304-00076320-00076519 they're from all right guys so if you're
+YAmWK24zgcu-00305-00076520-00076791 interested to buy their
+YAmWK24zgcu-00306-00076792-00076959 mystery box so you can go to their
+YAmWK24zgcu-00307-00076960-00077191 website and go to that so if you want to
+YAmWK24zgcu-00308-00077192-00077438 buy their token so you can go here and
+YAmWK24zgcu-00309-00077439-00077599 then you will be redirected to the
+YAmWK24zgcu-00310-00077600-00077871 pancake swap as easy as that you can you
+YAmWK24zgcu-00311-00077872-00078071 will connect your wallet
+YAmWK24zgcu-00312-00078072-00078303 so i've already checked their
+YAmWK24zgcu-00313-00078304-00078575 background and i would have to diversify
+YAmWK24zgcu-00314-00078576-00078862 my investment so i will try to not try
+YAmWK24zgcu-00315-00078863-00079167 to buy some of their tokens and skip it
+YAmWK24zgcu-00316-00079168-00079359 as we know if we are reading some of the
+YAmWK24zgcu-00317-00079360-00079655 news in twitter so the tao organizations
+YAmWK24zgcu-00318-00079656-00079871 are really getting more and more
+YAmWK24zgcu-00319-00079872-00080038 attention from
+YAmWK24zgcu-00320-00080039-00080311 the crypto investors so if you want to
+YAmWK24zgcu-00321-00080312-00080575 buy something then you can do it just
+YAmWK24zgcu-00322-00080576-00080719 like that
+YAmWK24zgcu-00323-00080720-00080926 all right guys
+YAmWK24zgcu-00324-00080927-00081247 all right so make sure you add their
+YAmWK24zgcu-00325-00081248-00081591 token address so that we will see it
+YAmWK24zgcu-00326-00081592-00081862 oh actually it's already added so here
+YAmWK24zgcu-00327-00081863-00082159 we can see the 17 sti that we just
+YAmWK24zgcu-00328-00082160-00082350 bought from pancake swap and you can
+YAmWK24zgcu-00329-00082351-00082575 also get access under tokens through
+YAmWK24zgcu-00330-00082576-00082879 mexi from gate i o and if you are
+YAmWK24zgcu-00331-00082880-00083150 familiar with dodo or
+YAmWK24zgcu-00332-00083151-00083375 cv exchange all right so
+YAmWK24zgcu-00333-00083376-00083615 actually i'm not an acting trader but
+YAmWK24zgcu-00334-00083616-00083911 first we do position trading so i will
+YAmWK24zgcu-00335-00083912-00084118 just try to hold some of their tokens
+YAmWK24zgcu-00336-00084119-00084255 and see
+YAmWK24zgcu-00337-00084256-00084494 this will still pop up later on
+YAmWK24zgcu-00338-00084495-00084726 especially we can see that they are
+YAmWK24zgcu-00339-00084727-00084903 continuing to
+YAmWK24zgcu-00340-00084904-00085006 onboard
+YAmWK24zgcu-00341-00085007-00085143 some of the new games that they will
+YAmWK24zgcu-00342-00085144-00085494 support in their dao organization and we
+YAmWK24zgcu-00343-00085495-00085887 will see from it right
+YAmWK24zgcu-00344-00085888-00086150 so guys this is just the high level
+YAmWK24zgcu-00345-00086151-00086415 information about seek tiger let's
+YAmWK24zgcu-00346-00086416-00086655 ensure that we will still do our own
+YAmWK24zgcu-00347-00086656-00086918 research here i also did some checking
+YAmWK24zgcu-00348-00086919-00087167 of their contracts you can check their
+YAmWK24zgcu-00349-00087168-00087526 holders if the holders and do some other
+YAmWK24zgcu-00350-00087527-00087694 checkings from your side so personally
+YAmWK24zgcu-00351-00087695-00087959 i've known this project from a venture
+YAmWK24zgcu-00352-00087960-00088223 capital contact that i have and at the
+YAmWK24zgcu-00353-00088224-00088479 same time i'm seeing that this is from a
+YAmWK24zgcu-00354-00088480-00088759 legit this is from a legit team and
+YAmWK24zgcu-00355-00088760-00089038 already listed in the known platforms
+YAmWK24zgcu-00356-00089039-00089231 like like gate io
+YAmWK24zgcu-00357-00089232-00089471 mexi where we know that they're also
+YAmWK24zgcu-00358-00089472-00089735 doing kyc so this is still in the early
+YAmWK24zgcu-00359-00089736-00089911 pace of course we don't know what will
+YAmWK24zgcu-00360-00089912-00090135 happen in the future so guys before we
+YAmWK24zgcu-00361-00090136-00090350 end this session so make sure that you
+YAmWK24zgcu-00362-00090351-00090575 do your own research invest what you can
+YAmWK24zgcu-00363-00090576-00090847 afford to lose and make sure that make
+YAmWK24zgcu-00364-00090848-00091062 your own decision thanks for watching
+YAmWK24zgcu-00365-00091063-00091488 and see you on my next video bye
+YArxslNMuFu-00000-00000003-00000233 the gradebook feature of MyMathLab helps
+YArxslNMuFu-00001-00000234-00000455 both instructors and students keep track
+YArxslNMuFu-00002-00000456-00000655 of progress within the course and shows
+YArxslNMuFu-00003-00000656-00000862 students which concepts they have yet to
+YArxslNMuFu-00004-00000863-00001124 master the gradebook feature of
+YArxslNMuFu-00005-00001125-00001331 MyMathLab helps both instructors and
+YArxslNMuFu-00006-00001332-00001544 students keep track of progress within
+YArxslNMuFu-00007-00001545-00001742 the course and shows students which
+YArxslNMuFu-00008-00001743-00002017 concepts they have yet to master the
+YArxslNMuFu-00009-00002018-00002234 gradebook feature of MyMathLab helps
+YArxslNMuFu-00010-00002235-00002456 both instructors and students keep track
+YArxslNMuFu-00011-00002457-00002659 of progress within the course and shows
+YArxslNMuFu-00012-00002660-00002864 students which concepts they have yet to
+YArxslNMuFu-00013-00002865-00003125 master the gradebook feature of
+YArxslNMuFu-00014-00003126-00003331 MyMathLab helps both instructors and
+YArxslNMuFu-00015-00003332-00003547 students keep track of progress within
+YArxslNMuFu-00016-00003548-00003745 the course and shows students which
+YArxslNMuFu-00017-00003746-00004019 concepts they have yet to master the
+YArxslNMuFu-00018-00004020-00004235 gradebook feature of MyMathLab helps
+YArxslNMuFu-00019-00004236-00004456 both instructors and students keep track
+YArxslNMuFu-00020-00004457-00004661 of progress within the course and shows
+YArxslNMuFu-00021-00004662-00004868 students which concepts they have yet to
+YArxslNMuFu-00022-00004869-00005126 master the gradebook feature of
+YArxslNMuFu-00023-00005127-00005336 MyMathLab helps both instructors and
+YArxslNMuFu-00024-00005337-00005549 students keep track of progress within
+YArxslNMuFu-00025-00005550-00005747 the course and shows students which
+YArxslNMuFu-00026-00005748-00006020 concepts they have yet to master the
+YArxslNMuFu-00027-00006021-00006236 gradebook feature of MyMathLab helps
+YArxslNMuFu-00028-00006237-00006457 both instructors and students keep track
+YArxslNMuFu-00029-00006458-00006662 of progress within the course and shows
+YArxslNMuFu-00030-00006663-00006869 students which concepts they have yet to
+YArxslNMuFu-00031-00006870-00007127 master the gradebook feature of
+YArxslNMuFu-00032-00007128-00007334 MyMathLab helps both instructors and
+YArxslNMuFu-00033-00007334-00007559 students keep track of progress within
+YArxslNMuFu-00034-00007559-00007748 the course and shows students which
+YArxslNMuFu-00035-00007748-00008125 concepts they have yet to master
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00000-00000152-00003023 [Music]
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00001-00003024-00003191 welcome to the course on design of
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00002-00003192-00003431 bioelectronic converters we were
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00003-00003432-00003670 discussing hardware design in this
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00004-00003671-00003927 lecture we are going to see details
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00005-00003928-00004135 about capacitors
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00006-00004136-00004359 there are numerous places in the power
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00007-00004360-00004599 converter where we need to put
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00008-00004600-00004767 capacitors
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00009-00004768-00005086 some of those places are your dc bus
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00010-00005087-00005359 whenever you need to form a dc bus let's
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00011-00005360-00005654 say if you have a in water
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00012-00005655-00005975 where the dc bus is being created from a
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00013-00005976-00006286 rectifier so there we need capacitors
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00014-00006287-00006583 or if we have dc to dc converters there
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00015-00006584-00006806 also we will be needing big large
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00016-00006808-00006975 capacitors
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00017-00006976-00007214 so dc bus is one place where we need
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00018-00007215-00007359 capacitors
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00019-00007359-00007646 then power lc filters
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00020-00007647-00007846 that may be low frequency filters or
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00021-00007847-00008055 relatively little higher frequencies
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00022-00008056-00008359 also but power lc filters is where we
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00023-00008360-00008551 need c
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00024-00008552-00008910 and then snubbers if we use rc's number
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00025-00008911-00009183 our cds numbers or other types of
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00026-00009184-00009510 snubbers most of them need capacitors
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00027-00009511-00009727 further ac power factor correction
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00028-00009728-00010055 circuits dc rail decoupling
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00029-00010056-00010327 and a emi filters
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00030-00010328-00010567 these are some of the places where we
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00031-00010568-00010774 need capacitors and power converters
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00032-00010775-00011078 apart from that also there may be other
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00033-00011079-00011283 roles of capacitor in your power
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00034-00011284-00011455 converter
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00035-00011456-00011791 now if we observe these applications
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00036-00011792-00011967 then we see that
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00037-00011968-00012255 the way the capacitor is going to play
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00038-00012256-00012495 its role is different
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00039-00012496-00012799 in different places when we have the dc
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00040-00012800-00013038 bus the job of the capacitor is to
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00041-00013039-00013319 maintain the dc bus voltage
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00042-00013319-00013551 whereas if let's say if we using it as a
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00043-00013552-00013799 filter if we have an input filter a big
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00044-00013800-00014038 lc filter three phase lc filter let's
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00045-00014040-00014127 see
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00046-00014128-00014391 so then it has to filter out the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00047-00014391-00014647 currents and it will it has to withstand
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00048-00014647-00014879 a sinusoidal voltage
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00049-00014880-00015086 so that
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00050-00015087-00015230 capacitor
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00051-00015231-00015383 its requirement are going to be
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00052-00015384-00015583 different than what is required by a dc
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00053-00015584-00015766 bus capacitor
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00054-00015768-00016047 further if we put capacitance number so
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00055-00016047-00016343 it has to withstand the switching so you
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00056-00016344-00016535 fast the switching turn on and turn off
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00057-00016536-00016727 that takes place at that time the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00058-00016728-00016967 capacitor also has to charge discharge
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00059-00016968-00017119 very quickly
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00060-00017120-00017455 and support the turn off in process or
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00061-00017456-00017750 turn off process of the device
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00062-00017751-00018022 so what we observe is that in different
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00063-00018023-00018222 different places the capacitor role
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00064-00018223-00018535 becomes different and accordingly the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00065-00018536-00018727 requirement
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00066-00018728-00018991 of the capacitor will also be different
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00067-00018992-00019214 means its specifications are also going
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00068-00019215-00019367 to be different
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00069-00019368-00019567 so there cannot be only one single type
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00070-00019568-00019743 of capacitor there are many different
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00071-00019744-00019943 types of capacitors
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00072-00019944-00020255 some of the common types of capacitors
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00073-00020256-00020455 are electrolytic
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00074-00020456-00020719 in electrolytic also there are sub
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00075-00020720-00020975 categories like your aluminium and
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00076-00020976-00021183 tantalum
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00077-00021184-00021399 we have film capacitors
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00078-00021400-00021655 these can be a polyester polypropylene
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00079-00021656-00021839 and polystyrene these are some of the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00080-00021840-00022063 types of film capacitors
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00081-00022064-00022358 and then your ceramic capacitors
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00082-00022359-00022550 which are sometimes single layers
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00083-00022551-00022830 sometimes multi layer so these are some
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00084-00022831-00023078 of the different types of capacitors
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00085-00023079-00023303 that are used in power electronic
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00086-00023304-00023686 converters
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00087-00023687-00023814 now let us
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00088-00023815-00024158 see some pictures of capacitors
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00089-00024159-00024342 ah this course is designed with
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00090-00024343-00024655 perspective of a beginner in hardware
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00091-00024656-00025047 design for power electronic converters
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00092-00025048-00025422 so i'm going to show you pictures of the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00093-00025423-00025662 capacitors the different types
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00094-00025663-00025855 some of which you might have already
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00095-00025856-00026087 seen it or you might have already used
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00096-00026088-00026335 and some of which you might not have
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00097-00026336-00026583 used or seen
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00098-00026583-00026831 so this one should be very familiar to
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00099-00026832-00027151 you this electrolytic capacitors these
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00100-00027152-00027431 are usually used in a power supplies and
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00101-00027432-00027790 in dc bus and is usually the capacitance
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00102-00027791-00027879 is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00103-00027880-00028223 large for these electrolytic capacitors
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00104-00028224-00028551 and in that your another category is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00105-00028552-00028758 your tantalum caps
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00106-00028760-00029039 so these are also used in your dc power
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00107-00029039-00029318 supply so regulated power supplies
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00108-00029319-00029599 and this is that through whole package
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00109-00029600-00029870 and this is a smd package of this zone
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00110-00029872-00030214 same new tantalum capacitors
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00111-00030216-00030574 now these capacitors electrolytic caps
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00112-00030575-00030831 these are usually
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00113-00030832-00031039 unipolar that means
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00114-00031039-00031279 one of these terminals is positive and
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00115-00031280-00031623 another terminal is negative you cannot
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00116-00031624-00031799 connect it in the reverse that means you
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00117-00031800-00031935 cannot apply
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00118-00031936-00032214 ac through it they are mostly not able
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00119-00032216-00032590 to withstand that so these are unipolar
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00120-00032591-00032951 then next this is your film
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00121-00032952-00033335 capacitors these are used in your filter
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00122-00033336-00033695 applications and they can withstand ac
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00123-00033696-00033974 so these are pictures of some of these
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00124-00033975-00034223 film ac capacitors you can see that
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00125-00034224-00034511 these are also cylindrical in shape but
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00126-00034512-00034735 usually if you see their capacitance
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00127-00034736-00035046 value that will be much lesser than what
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00128-00035047-00035295 you get in electrolytic capacity for the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00129-00035296-00035487 same size
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00130-00035488-00035630 so ah
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00131-00035631-00035855 this is for low frequency ac and if we
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00132-00035856-00036135 have a high frequency ac to be applied
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00133-00036136-00036390 then this is picture of
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00134-00036391-00036511 one film
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00135-00036512-00036783 capacitor which can be used for that
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00136-00036784-00037023 purpose
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00137-00037024-00037207 then next
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00138-00037208-00037446 we need filters for
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00139-00037447-00037759 ami applications also there these kind
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00140-00037760-00038095 of capacitors are used and mostly x and
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00141-00038096-00038343 y caps are used this we have discussed
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00142-00038344-00038639 before also i had shown you so these not
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00143-00038640-00038862 only are used in ami filtering
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00144-00038863-00039095 applications other places also for
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00145-00039096-00039279 decoupling also
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00146-00039280-00039374 um
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00147-00039375-00039662 these kind of capacitors are used and
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00148-00039663-00039959 these are also film capacitors
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00149-00039960-00040335 further another type of film capacitors
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00150-00040336-00040574 you can see this is a plastic film
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00151-00040575-00040759 capacitors and these
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00152-00040760-00041046 type of capacitors are mostly used in
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00153-00041047-00041207 snubbers
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00154-00041208-00041446 and all these that i showed you in the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00155-00041447-00041727 category of film capacitors they are not
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00156-00041728-00041951 unipolar that means no polarity of
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00157-00041952-00042143 positive and negative is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00158-00042144-00042455 marked beforehand by the manufacturer
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00159-00042456-00042839 and you can apply ac voltage across them
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00160-00042840-00043095 then this one is your ceramic cap these
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00161-00043096-00043311 are very small small capacitors which
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00162-00043312-00043567 also you might have used in your basic
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00163-00043568-00043799 electronics lab
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00164-00043800-00043927 so
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00165-00043928-00044279 these are mostly used as decoupling caps
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00166-00044280-00044574 or in analog electronic circuits they
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00167-00044575-00044767 are very much used
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00168-00044768-00044846 so
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00169-00044847-00045079 these are also available in your smd
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00170-00045080-00045479 these small small chip size or box size
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00171-00045480-00045799 of your surface mount device capacitors
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00172-00045800-00045990 so and these are usually the value of
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00173-00045991-00046158 the capacitances
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00174-00046159-00046415 much smaller than your electrolytic or
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00175-00046416-00046711 film capacitors
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00176-00046712-00047071 now the main specification in capacitors
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00177-00047072-00047327 are your voltage rating and the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00178-00047328-00047479 capacitance
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00179-00047480-00047799 the whenever we hear about capacitor and
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00180-00047800-00048086 if we have to get one so mostly we will
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00181-00048087-00048302 be asking that this is the value of the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00182-00048303-00048558 capacitance that i need and for it has
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00183-00048559-00048911 to withstand this much amount of voltage
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00184-00048912-00048999 so
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00185-00049000-00049262 when you know that then
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00186-00049263-00049511 which is the type of capacitor
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00187-00049512-00049830 which is likely to suit your purpose
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00188-00049831-00049943 so
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00189-00049944-00050118 this
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00190-00050119-00050358 graph it shows
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00191-00050359-00050462 uh
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00192-00050463-00050735 between your range of capacitance and
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00193-00050736-00050943 your rated voltage range
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00194-00050944-00051230 which type of capacitors are
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00195-00051232-00051399 available
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00196-00051400-00051679 so here you can see that that in this
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00197-00051679-00051863 range that means from
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00198-00051864-00052238 your about few micro farad to about the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00199-00052239-00052471 range of farads
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00200-00052472-00052694 about a farad your aluminium
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00201-00052695-00052966 electrolytic capacitors are
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00202-00052967-00053254 available they can be manufactured
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00203-00053255-00053503 and the voltage rating you can see that
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00204-00053504-00053815 it is about um you're starting from
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00205-00053816-00054238 about tens of volts to about 600 700
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00206-00054239-00054559 volt is is the range voltage range in
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00207-00054560-00054759 which your aluminium electrolytic
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00208-00054760-00054911 capacitors
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00209-00054912-00055119 are available
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00210-00055120-00055391 then if we see film capacitor you can
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00211-00055391-00055815 see this box of film capacitor
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00212-00055816-00056094 this is the box that is given by the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00213-00056095-00056366 manufacturer so this graph is taken by
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00214-00056367-00056542 one of the manufacturer of capacitors
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00215-00056544-00056687 tdk
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00216-00056688-00056807 so here
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00217-00056808-00057015 you see that for film capacitor the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00218-00057016-00057375 voltage range begins slightly higher
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00219-00057376-00057735 about less than 100 volts and then the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00220-00057736-00057879 voltage range
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00221-00057879-00058119 goes up to around here you can see that
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00222-00058120-00058391 about 5 kilo volt
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00223-00058391-00058479 and
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00224-00058479-00058775 the range of capacitance
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00225-00058776-00059094 you can observe here it's from less than
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00226-00059095-00059566 nano farad to about millifarad is what
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00227-00059567-00059807 is the range where film capacitors are
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00228-00059808-00060023 manufactured
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00229-00060024-00060271 further if we see
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00230-00060272-00060591 your ceramic capacitors so ceramic
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00231-00060591-00060799 capacitors different types you can see
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00232-00060800-00061063 that this type of the ceramic capacitor
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00233-00061064-00061366 it starts from about a pico farad to the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00234-00061367-00061503 range is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00235-00061504-00061782 less than micro farad and the voltage
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00236-00061783-00062071 range you can see here that this voltage
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00237-00062072-00062535 ranges uh more than 10 volts to about uh
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00238-00062536-00062815 greater than kilo volts is in which this
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00239-00062816-00063103 ceramic capacitor are manufactured
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00240-00063104-00063342 similarly you can see for another type
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00241-00063344-00063654 of ceramic capacitor what is the range
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00242-00063655-00063847 and then
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00243-00063848-00064079 what is the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00244-00064079-00064482 frequency in which it is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00245-00064483-00064638 manufactured
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00246-00064639-00064887 and also you might have heard about
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00247-00064888-00065206 super capacitor they can store much more
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00248-00065207-00065663 energy than the normal capacitors that
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00249-00065664-00065838 we usually use
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00250-00065839-00066238 so ah that you can see here this ranges
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00251-00066239-00066503 from one millifarad to about a
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00252-00066504-00066735 uh farad and
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00253-00066736-00066863 although the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00254-00066864-00067103 voltage over here the range that is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00255-00067104-00067511 given is is small
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00256-00067512-00067599 so
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00257-00067600-00067871 with this you get an idea that
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00258-00067872-00068175 which type of capacitor is available in
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00259-00068176-00068543 what capacitance range and what voltage
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00260-00068544-00068679 range
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00261-00068680-00068887 now let us look into
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00262-00068888-00069287 the equivalence circuit of a capacitor
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00263-00069288-00069367 so
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00264-00069368-00069687 when now we hear capacitor
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00265-00069688-00069919 ideally a capacitor should have only
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00266-00069920-00070167 capacitance it should not have any other
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00267-00070168-00070303 parasitics
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00268-00070304-00070575 but practically every capacitor will
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00269-00070576-00070863 have some parasitics
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00270-00070864-00071206 so the equivalent circuit
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00271-00071207-00071438 of a capacitor is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00272-00071439-00074094 usually like this
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00273-00074095-00074526 so rs this is the esr effective series
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00274-00074527-00074879 resistance of the capacitor and ls is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00275-00074880-00074959 the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00276-00074960-00075303 effective series inductance
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00277-00075304-00075623 ls esl
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00278-00075624-00075815 and
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00279-00075816-00076175 cr is this ideal capacitor which it
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00280-00076176-00076431 should be and ri
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00281-00076432-00076823 is the leakage resistance
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00282-00076824-00076991 now
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00283-00076992-00077262 when we see this equivalent circuit
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00284-00077263-00077375 then
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00285-00077376-00077687 we see that because of this parasitic
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00286-00077688-00077806 inductance
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00287-00077807-00078775 there will be a resonant frequency
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00288-00078776-00079038 and that resonant frequency
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00289-00079039-00079199 will be given by
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00290-00079200-00079559 omega r is equal to root over of ls
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00291-00079560-00079631 c
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00292-00079632-00079847 r
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00293-00079848-00080135 so what we observe from here if we have
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00294-00080136-00080479 uh to find out the impedance of
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00295-00080480-00080735 this practical capacitor
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00296-00080736-00081047 then the impedance is going to vary with
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00297-00081048-00081255 frequency
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00298-00081256-00081631 so if we have to write that
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00299-00081632-00082118 so this impedance z will be equal to r s
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00300-00082119-00082271 plus j
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00301-00082272-00082375 x
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00302-00082376-00082591 which will be given as
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00303-00082592-00082718 r s
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00304-00082719-00082926 minus j
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00305-00082927-00083231 omega c r
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00306-00083232-00083647 now here we have ignored
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00307-00083648-00083743 ls
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00308-00083744-00084111 and ri
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00309-00084112-00084455 we can ignore ri because usually ri is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00310-00084456-00084799 very large so uh usually very less
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00311-00084800-00085143 current flows through this ri
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00312-00085144-00085423 and that current
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00313-00085424-00086271 is called as this leakage current
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00314-00086272-00086543 and this is because of the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00315-00086544-00087023 dielectric insulator
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00316-00087024-00087311 the non ideality of the dielectric
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00317-00087312-00087575 insulated the dielectric should act as a
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00318-00087576-00087759 perfect insulator
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00319-00087760-00088079 but it does not and there is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00320-00088080-00088335 high resistance associated with it and
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00321-00088336-00088518 some small current flows through it and
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00322-00088519-00088735 that is the leakage current
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00323-00088736-00088815 now
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00324-00088816-00088982 of course this
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00325-00088983-00089247 will lead to some heating and that is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00326-00089248-00089438 going to reduce the lifetime of the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00327-00089439-00089959 capacitor so that is not desired but
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00328-00089960-00090215 for the purpose of finding out the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00329-00090216-00090543 impedance ri this leakage resistance can
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00330-00090544-00090775 be ignored
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00331-00090776-00091094 and further we are also ignoring esl the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00332-00091095-00091311 effective series inductance now this
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00333-00091312-00091471 inductance value of course is a
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00334-00091472-00091718 parasitic it's very small
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00335-00091719-00091831 and
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00336-00091832-00092150 for very large range of frequency which
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00337-00092151-00092343 which is less than your resonant
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00338-00092344-00092582 frequency much less than a resonant
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00339-00092583-00092735 frequency this
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00340-00092736-00093038 ls is small enough so that it can be
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00341-00093039-00093311 ignored the drop associated with it is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00342-00093312-00093550 very small
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00343-00093551-00093759 so then the impedance can be written as
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00344-00093760-00094279 r s minus j omega c r r s by minus j by
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00345-00094280-00094567 omega c r
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00346-00094568-00094871 now if we ah see
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00347-00094872-00095006 the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00348-00095007-00095199 phasor diagram
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00349-00095200-00095287 so
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00350-00095288-00095823 if we have this is the voltage
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00351-00095824-00096167 and with it is the real power p
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00352-00096168-00096399 and quadrature to that will be the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00353-00096400-00096606 reactive power q
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00354-00096607-00096823 and if we have to draw the current so
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00355-00096824-00097662 the current will be lying somewhere here
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00356-00097663-00097918 and there is an angle to it that is that
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00357-00097919-00098082 angle
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00358-00098083-00098335 delta so
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00359-00098336-00098567 tan delta
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00360-00098568-00098871 will be equal to
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00361-00098872-00099006 rs
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00362-00099007-00099223 by x c
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00363-00099224-00099599 which will be equal to rs by into omega
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00364-00099600-00099999 c r
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00365-00100000-00100431 so this delta is called as the loss
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00366-00100432-00100847 angle
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00367-00100848-00101071 and tan delta
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00368-00101072-00102191 this is called as the dissipation factor
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00369-00102192-00102318 now this
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00370-00102319-00102623 is an important specification in the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00371-00102624-00102854 data sheet of capacitor
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00372-00102855-00103182 because as you can see that if you want
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00373-00103183-00103542 ideal behavior then this i should be
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00374-00103543-00103878 90 degrees to v but that does not happen
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00375-00103879-00104206 because of this esr of the capacitor and
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00376-00104207-00104471 the higher this resistance is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00377-00104472-00104751 greater is this angle delta is going to
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00378-00104752-00105047 be and you can see that the more the is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00379-00105048-00105366 are the more the loss is going to occur
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00380-00105367-00105647 inside the capacitor and more heating
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00381-00105648-00105999 and so more quickly it is likely to get
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00382-00106000-00106119 damaged
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00383-00106120-00106454 now in this graph it shows the variation
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00384-00106455-00106854 of this esr and the capacitor with
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00385-00106855-00107190 respect to temperature and frequency
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00386-00107191-00107366 now here
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00387-00107367-00107615 you can see that this axis shows
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00388-00107616-00108047 temperature and this xa shows your
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00389-00108048-00108158 esr
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00390-00108159-00108519 and the capacitor so these are for two
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00391-00108520-00108799 capacitors it is shown here aluminium
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00392-00108800-00109110 capacitors different types
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00393-00109111-00109463 so you can see that that this resistance
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00394-00109464-00109790 it decreases with temperature okay and
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00395-00109791-00109983 somewhere here you can see for some time
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00396-00109983-00110199 it is almost like a constant and then
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00397-00110200-00110566 again it is increasing its varying
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00398-00110567-00110702 and
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00399-00110703-00111023 if we see the capacitance that also we
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00400-00111024-00111278 can see here that this also varies with
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00401-00111279-00111575 the temperature so capacitors they
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00402-00111576-00111799 usually work for a given range of
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00403-00111800-00112086 temperature and they do change with
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00404-00112088-00112302 temperature they it's not that for all
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00405-00112303-00112527 temperature they you will be getting a
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00406-00112528-00112719 fixed value
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00407-00112720-00112799 so
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00408-00112800-00113239 for uh capacitors say generally
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00409-00113240-00113543 as a function of temperature it is given
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00410-00113544-00114047 as the capacitance at 20 degrees c
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00411-00114048-00114439 1 plus alpha t minus of
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00412-00114440-00114647 20 degree
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00413-00114648-00115127 see and what is this alpha this alpha is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00414-00115128-00115278 the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00415-00115279-00115558 temperature dependence of capacitor
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00416-00115559-00115886 coefficient
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00417-00115888-00116007 so
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00418-00116008-00116310 from here we observe that usually at a
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00419-00116311-00116575 particular temperature the capacitance
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00420-00116576-00116783 will be specified and if you also know
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00421-00116783-00117007 the alpha value then you can find out at
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00422-00117008-00117190 some other temperature what will be the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00423-00117191-00117439 value of the capacitance so the thing to
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00424-00117440-00117686 be noted is that capacitance does vary
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00425-00117688-00117847 with temperature and you can use
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00426-00117848-00118047 capacitors for a given range of
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00427-00118048-00118334 temperatures
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00428-00118335-00118527 further
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00429-00118528-00118631 here
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00430-00118632-00118727 what
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00431-00118728-00118958 we see that on x axis we have got
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00432-00118959-00119102 frequency
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00433-00119103-00119390 and on y axis again we have got the esr
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00434-00119391-00119590 and the capacitor
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00435-00119591-00119671 so
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00436-00119672-00119951 there also we see that this capacitance
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00437-00119952-00120175 changes with frequency
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00438-00120176-00120502 and this esr value also varies with
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00439-00120503-00120678 frequency so again
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00440-00120679-00120919 both resistance and the capacitance esr
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00441-00120920-00121095 and the capacitance they
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00442-00121096-00121375 vary with frequency so depending on the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00443-00121376-00121702 frequency of use you have to know that
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00444-00121703-00121983 what is mentioned in the data sheet
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00445-00121983-00122263 you may not be getting exactly the same
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00446-00122264-00122495 value because you may not be using the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00447-00122496-00122743 capacitor exactly at the frequency at
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00448-00122744-00122934 which the manufacturer might have
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00449-00122935-00123207 provided the data or might have tested
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00450-00123208-00123551 these and obtained the values
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00451-00123552-00123823 further here ah this is a graph between
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00452-00123824-00123975 the impedance
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00453-00123976-00124358 of the capacitor and the frequency
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00454-00124359-00124654 here also you see that what is happening
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00455-00124655-00124847 is that as frequency is increasing the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00456-00124848-00125223 capacitance this impedance is decreasing
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00457-00125224-00125454 so it that is obvious uh
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00458-00125455-00125719 because as your capacit frequency
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00459-00125720-00126031 increases ah because of the capacitance
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00460-00126032-00126223 effect you will see a decrease in the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00461-00126224-00126334 impedance
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00462-00126335-00126583 and this is over here
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00463-00126583-00126790 at resonance so this is your resonant
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00464-00126791-00126943 frequency
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00465-00126944-00127039 and
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00466-00127040-00127190 then this
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00467-00127191-00127423 increases this impedance is going to
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00468-00127424-00127639 increase because after that the ls
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00469-00127640-00128031 effect will start to dominate
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00470-00128032-00128302 and this graphs shows between
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00471-00128303-00128495 dissipation factor
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00472-00128496-00128886 tan delta and the frequency so this also
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00473-00128888-00129214 we see that with frequency this is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00474-00129215-00129390 increasing at higher frequencies you're
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00475-00129391-00129758 going to get higher dissipation factors
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00476-00129759-00129886 so now
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00477-00129888-00130375 the next uh important specification in
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00478-00130376-00131831 capacitors is the current ripple
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00479-00131832-00132039 you might recall when we discussed bug
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00480-00132040-00132223 converter and also edge bridge
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00481-00132224-00132527 converters there you saw the nature of
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00482-00132528-00132799 the capacitor current
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00483-00132800-00133127 so the capacitor current you may recall
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00484-00133128-00133319 for your buck converter was something
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00485-00133320-00133639 like this your ic current
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00486-00133640-00133959 so here this is ah the nature of the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00487-00133960-00134095 current
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00488-00134096-00134454 is that that it has got ripples in it
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00489-00134455-00134535 now
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00490-00134536-00134854 uh its average may be 0 but then it has
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00491-00134855-00135102 got an rms value
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00492-00135103-00135183 and
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00493-00135184-00135447 this rms current this continuous
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00494-00135448-00135590 charging and discharging of the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00495-00135591-00135847 capacitor that is going to happen
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00496-00135848-00135935 that
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00497-00135936-00136063 will
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00498-00136064-00136343 lead to some heating in the capacitor
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00499-00136344-00136702 because of the esr that is present
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00500-00136703-00136951 so your power dissipated
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00501-00136952-00137214 corresponding to the ripple current will
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00502-00137215-00137799 be equal to this ir hat square into rs
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00503-00137800-00138023 now whatever the heating that will take
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00504-00138024-00138263 place that will be raising the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00505-00138264-00138527 temperature of the capacitor also so
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00506-00138528-00138823 this effect is unwanted and only towards
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00507-00138824-00139071 certain extent this
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00508-00139072-00139431 can be the capacitor can withstand it
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00509-00139432-00139799 so accordingly a this
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00510-00139800-00140199 ripple current will have a limit
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00511-00140200-00140519 and now as we see that this rs
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00512-00140520-00140790 is dependent on temperature and it is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00513-00140791-00141102 also dependent on frequency so obviously
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00514-00141103-00141431 this then your ripple current limit will
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00515-00141432-00141735 also be dependent on frequency and
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00516-00141736-00141854 temperature
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00517-00141855-00142151 so this is an important specification
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00518-00142152-00142383 which you should be looking for
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00519-00142384-00142711 in the data sheet of a capacitor and it
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00520-00142712-00143054 depends um on your application ah
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00521-00143055-00143359 if you have a dc bus then what is the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00522-00143360-00143559 nature of the ripple current how much is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00523-00143560-00143711 your ripple current
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00524-00143712-00143902 reaching up to you should see the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00525-00143903-00144126 capacitor current waveform you should
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00526-00144127-00144487 find out that and whatever capacitor you
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00527-00144488-00144759 choose its ripple current specification
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00528-00144760-00144999 should be higher than what is required
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00529-00145000-00145078 in
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00530-00145079-00145278 your application
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00531-00145279-00145566 further another important rating
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00532-00145567-00146007 is your dv by dt rating
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00533-00146008-00146390 so dv by dt rating
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00534-00146391-00146783 this ah what it means is that that how
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00535-00146784-00147054 fast or how quickly the voltage can
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00536-00147055-00147263 change in the capacitor
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00537-00147264-00147495 the capacitor if you have an ac
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00538-00147496-00147687 capacitor then
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00539-00147688-00147926 your voltage will be changing
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00540-00147927-00148039 through it
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00541-00148040-00148231 and if you have a dc capacitor it's
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00542-00148232-00148407 likely to hold
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00543-00148408-00148599 maintain the voltage it's likely to
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00544-00148600-00148831 store lot of energy
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00545-00148832-00149007 so ah
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00546-00149008-00149287 in applications like numbers where
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00547-00149288-00149502 your turn on and turn off in that your
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00548-00149503-00149743 capacitor is playing a role
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00549-00149744-00149959 your voltage is supposed to change very
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00550-00149960-00150183 quickly through it so you have to see
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00551-00150184-00150366 that if you choose a capacitor for a
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00552-00150367-00150695 snubber dv by dt rating should
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00553-00150696-00150966 be high enough uh so that your turn on
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00554-00150967-00151254 and turn off process can happen properly
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00555-00151255-00151471 whereas if you have some other
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00556-00151472-00151678 application where you would like to the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00557-00151679-00151951 capacitor has to maintain the dc bus
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00558-00151952-00152054 voltage
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00559-00152055-00152302 so there your voltage through the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00560-00152303-00152511 capacitor is not changing so quickly and
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00561-00152512-00152831 your dv by dt rating is not so important
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00562-00152832-00153111 for there so this dv by dt rating means
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00563-00153112-00153366 whatever capacitor that you are using
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00564-00153367-00153775 how quickly does it allow the rate of
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00565-00153776-00154078 the change of voltage through it is an
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00566-00154079-00154319 important specification in for
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00567-00154320-00154463 capacitors
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00568-00154464-00154726 another important ah
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00569-00154727-00155039 specification that you may look for is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00570-00155040-00155439 the life expectancy or the failure rate
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00571-00155440-00155663 of the capacitor
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00572-00155664-00155854 so
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00573-00155855-00156414 there is a term called as failure rate
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00574-00156415-00156639 lambda which is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00575-00156640-00157326 given as a number of failures
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00576-00157327-00157407 by
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00577-00157408-00158623 expected service life
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00578-00158624-00158814 now everything
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00579-00158815-00159039 has got a life after which it gets
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00580-00159040-00159159 damaged
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00581-00159160-00159447 that is what we generally understand
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00582-00159448-00159631 but uh how
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00583-00159632-00159951 do we quantify that for capacitors
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00584-00159952-00160199 so whatever the specifications that are
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00585-00160200-00160454 given for the capacitor the capacitor
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00586-00160455-00160526 has
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00587-00160527-00160847 to provide that value if it is not able
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00588-00160848-00160983 to do that
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00589-00160984-00161278 or it is deviating from that so then we
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00590-00161279-00161423 can say that
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00591-00161424-00161814 ah that it is degraded or its
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00592-00161815-00162047 service life is over
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00593-00162048-00162231 so ah then
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00594-00162232-00162326 um
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00595-00162327-00162583 how it is determined is that several
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00596-00162584-00162814 different capacitors let's say a n
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00597-00162815-00163039 number of capacitors are taken
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00598-00163040-00163287 and for that then
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00599-00163288-00163583 its deviation from those values those
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00600-00163584-00163863 are observed and the number of times it
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00601-00163864-00164087 fails that is noted down
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00602-00164088-00164383 and then in what time period it is doing
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00603-00164384-00164575 that is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00604-00164576-00164790 also noted
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00605-00164791-00164919 so there
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00606-00164920-00165095 your if we have
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00607-00165096-00165287 got a sample of
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00608-00165288-00165366 n
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00609-00165367-00165695 so this lambda this will be given by 1
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00610-00165696-00165814 by n
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00611-00165815-00165990 delta
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00612-00165991-00166366 n by delta t that means let's say for a
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00613-00166367-00166751 chosen capital n values of
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00614-00166752-00167135 capacitors if delta n failed in delta t
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00615-00167136-00167519 period of time so the failure rate is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00616-00167520-00167847 accordingly can be obtained from this
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00617-00167848-00168223 and this shows the reliability
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00618-00168224-00168407 because
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00619-00168408-00168663 this delta n is a percentage of this
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00620-00168664-00169054 total number of samples n that is taken
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00621-00169055-00169423 and this expected service life
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00622-00169424-00169519 that
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00623-00169520-00169766 manufacturers will know that what is the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00624-00169767-00170031 expected service life and from here you
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00625-00170032-00170175 ah you get
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00626-00170176-00170271 the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00627-00170272-00170566 number of hours or number of times
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00628-00170567-00170847 the capacitor is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00629-00170848-00171047 expected to work
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00630-00171048-00171311 so that is also specified in the data
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00631-00171312-00171614 sheet by manufacturers in different ways
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00632-00171615-00171847 and you can look for it for how long the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00633-00171848-00172231 capacitor is going to is likely to work
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00634-00172232-00172447 now let us look into
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00635-00172448-00172631 the data sheets of some of the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00636-00172632-00172814 capacitors
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00637-00172815-00173014 now this uh
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00638-00173015-00173214 is uh
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00639-00173215-00173526 this aluminium case capacitor that
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00640-00173527-00173759 you can see that that for which this
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00641-00173760-00173959 data sheet is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00642-00173960-00174183 and
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00643-00174184-00174326 here
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00644-00174327-00174559 you can see that
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00645-00174560-00174807 what are the different specifications
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00646-00174808-00175047 that are written the temperature range
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00647-00175048-00175223 is provided
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00648-00175224-00175447 and maximum permissible ambient
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00649-00175448-00175638 temperature is also given then
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00650-00175639-00176038 capacitance tolerance it's given this
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00651-00176039-00176278 the code is provided
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00652-00176279-00176526 now this
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00653-00176527-00176831 data sheet is for a series of capacitors
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00654-00176832-00177071 not just for one capacitor
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00655-00177072-00177302 so for that uh the voltage range is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00656-00177303-00177495 specified you can see that the dc
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00657-00177496-00177599 voltage
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00658-00177600-00178119 is 400 volt and 600 volt and then the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00659-00178120-00178271 peak voltage
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00660-00178272-00178711 is uh 600 volt and the ac rms voltage is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00661-00178712-00178895 250 now this
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00662-00178896-00179102 you have to note down the ac voltage
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00663-00179103-00179302 rating the dc voltage rating and peak
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00664-00179303-00179463 voltage rating is different peak is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00665-00179464-00179631 something which you can apply for a
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00666-00179632-00179895 short period of time and dc voltage is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00667-00179896-00180078 something which you can apply
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00668-00180079-00180263 continuously
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00669-00180264-00180647 so ah these ratings are different and so
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00670-00180648-00181014 that is what you have to note down
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00671-00181015-00181302 is whether according to what you need or
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00672-00181303-00181678 not when you choose a capacitor
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00673-00181679-00182007 then further if we see here the the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00674-00182008-00182351 manufacturer has given one table
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00675-00182352-00182487 now
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00676-00182488-00182711 this is for the series but the values
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00677-00182712-00183007 they have given is like this this one
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00678-00183008-00183263 is for 15 micro farad
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00679-00183264-00183638 and the dc voltage is 400 volt
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00680-00183639-00183726 and
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00681-00183727-00183847 then
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00682-00183848-00184023 you can see here
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00683-00184024-00184311 this
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00684-00184312-00184711 is given your dissipation factor
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00685-00184712-00184935 that those values are given the maximum
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00686-00184936-00185071 and the typical
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00687-00185072-00185463 then the esr value is also given
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00688-00185464-00185775 further what we see here is it's dv by
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00689-00185776-00186150 dt rating it's 30 volt per micro second
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00690-00186151-00186495 the irms current what is the rms current
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00691-00186496-00186750 that this capacitor can withstand and
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00692-00186751-00186990 the peak of that current peak current it
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00693-00186991-00187175 can withstand only for very short period
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00694-00187176-00187526 of time that is 450 ampere and further
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00695-00187527-00187902 these are the dimensions and your weight
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00696-00187903-00188143 of the capacitor that is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00697-00188144-00188350 provided and here you can see that this
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00698-00188351-00188623 is degree c per watt so it's
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00699-00188624-00188975 related to your temperature
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00700-00188976-00189311 so these are some of the important
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00701-00189312-00189495 parameters that you can see
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00702-00189496-00189735 specifications that
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00703-00189736-00189959 you have to note down for the for
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00704-00189960-00190207 choosing the capacitor
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00705-00190208-00190478 now let us see the data sheet of
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00706-00190479-00190790 electrolytic capacitor
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00707-00190791-00190990 so this is an aluminium electrolytic
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00708-00190991-00191159 capacitor and
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00709-00191160-00191254 here
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00710-00191255-00191463 you can see that
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00711-00191464-00191583 this
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00712-00191584-00191887 service hours the life is given as up to
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00713-00191888-00192231 18 000 hours for 85 degree c that is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00714-00192232-00192335 what
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00715-00192336-00192423 the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00716-00192424-00192638 manufacturer has written then high
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00717-00192639-00192943 ripple current high voltage compact size
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00718-00192944-00193295 this is what the manufacturer has
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00719-00193296-00193502 written as the benefits
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00720-00193503-00193807 and this is the picture of the capacitor
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00721-00193808-00194135 now um you can see here that further
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00722-00194136-00194407 drop for this series
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00723-00194408-00194750 this voltage range the vdc is given that
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00724-00194751-00195143 these capacitors come in 350 400 450 500
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00725-00195144-00195447 and 550 volts
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00726-00195448-00195559 now
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00727-00195560-00195766 ah you can note down here the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00728-00195767-00196038 capacitance range for the series of
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00729-00196039-00196438 capacitor is given as 56 to 82 000 micro
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00730-00196439-00196575 farad
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00731-00196576-00196814 and the rated voltage is also given as
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00732-00196815-00197271 35 to 550 volt dc for the series and the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00733-00197272-00197526 temperature range is also provided
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00734-00197527-00197775 and the capacitance tolerance is given
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00735-00197776-00198047 as plus minus 20 degree
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00736-00198048-00198263 at 100 hertz
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00737-00198264-00198526 then you can see that here this
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00738-00198527-00198823 operational lifetime is provided for
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00739-00198824-00199126 this different dimensions in this series
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00740-00199127-00199526 uh how many hours of lifetime it it has
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00741-00199527-00199647 got
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00742-00199648-00199743 and
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00743-00199744-00199847 then
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00744-00199848-00200111 end of life requirement what do we mean
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00745-00200112-00200359 by end of life requirement is delta c by
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00746-00200360-00200614 c should be less than plus minus 10
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00747-00200615-00200726 percent
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00748-00200727-00200966 that's what is given in the shelf life
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00749-00200967-00201223 is also provided here
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00750-00201224-00201495 then further the leakage current that is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00751-00201496-00202023 given here it is uh this is uh
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00752-00202024-00202302 whatever is smaller of these two that is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00753-00202303-00202566 what is written as the as the leakage
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00754-00202567-00202726 current
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00755-00202727-00203007 so it it has to be point zero zero six
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00756-00203008-00203359 cv or six 6000 micro ampere which is the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00757-00203360-00203663 rated capacitance in micro farad and v
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00758-00203664-00204054 is the rated voltage
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00759-00204055-00204278 then uh further some vibration test
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00760-00204279-00204590 specifications are also provided by the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00761-00204591-00204743 manufacturer
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00762-00204744-00204998 and what we see further is the surge
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00763-00205000-00205110 voltage
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00764-00205111-00205366 means if you apply for a short duration
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00765-00205367-00205590 of time a surge voltage appears then
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00766-00205591-00205879 what could be that voltage a maximum
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00767-00205880-00206119 voltage surge voltage that the capacitor
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00768-00206119-00206390 can withstand those specifications are
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00769-00206391-00206606 also provided
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00770-00206607-00206894 over here that also you can see here
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00771-00206896-00207110 what is the voltage that is given and
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00772-00207111-00207462 how much time it is applied for
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00773-00207463-00207551 ah
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00774-00207552-00207814 that is also provided the condition of
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00775-00207815-00208223 the surge voltage is also provided
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00776-00208223-00208423 further in this data sheet you can see
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00777-00208423-00208734 that for this series uh
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00778-00208735-00208966 these are the specifications that are
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00779-00208967-00209366 given that is for 35 volt dc
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00780-00209367-00209646 what is the size code and what is the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00781-00209648-00209903 part number let's see if this is the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00782-00209904-00210151 part number that we are looking for
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00783-00210152-00210463 then you see that the capacitance is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00784-00210464-00210815 this value at 100 hertz and 20 degrees c
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00785-00210816-00211167 and the ripple current is 7.16 ampere at
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00786-00211167-00211327 100 hertz
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00787-00211328-00211719 and it is 10.03 at 10 kilohertz so as i
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00788-00211719-00211879 told you that ripple current is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00789-00211880-00212071 dependent on the frequency so you can
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00790-00212071-00212239 see here that two different
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00791-00212240-00212423 specifications of ripple current are
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00792-00212423-00212703 given for two different frequencies
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00793-00212704-00213063 and then the esr value is also provided
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00794-00213064-00213294 and the maximum impedance at 10 kilo
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00795-00213296-00213679 hertz that is also given so like that
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00796-00213680-00213894 you can look through the whole data
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00797-00213896-00213975 sheet
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00798-00213976-00214342 of these kind of capacitors and then
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00799-00214344-00214615 look for the values that is required for
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00800-00214616-00214831 your application and choose
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00801-00214832-00215119 the one that is suitable
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00802-00215119-00215471 now this is a data sheet of another film
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00803-00215471-00215606 capacitor
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00804-00215607-00215910 and you can see here that this is the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00805-00215911-00216151 range of voltage in which
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00806-00216152-00216303 this capacitor
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00807-00216304-00216606 uh can be found out that's 250 to 850
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00808-00216607-00217055 volt dc and 160 to 450 volt ac
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00809-00217056-00217151 and
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00810-00217152-00217423 you can see here that again the benefits
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00811-00217423-00217551 of of
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00812-00217552-00217871 these of this capacitor is written by
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00813-00217871-00218055 the manufacturer and they have also
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00814-00218056-00218239 written that this is suitable for high
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00815-00218240-00218455 frequency applications
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00816-00218456-00218758 and the typical application of
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00817-00218759-00218958 the capacitor
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00818-00218959-00219151 for which this data sheet is you can see
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00819-00219152-00219471 here that is also mentioned by the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00820-00219471-00219646 manufacturer
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00821-00219648-00219839 now here you can see that again
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00822-00219840-00220079 temperature range ambient temperature
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00823-00220080-00220367 capacitance tolerance values
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00824-00220367-00220719 and then the peak non-repetitive maximum
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00825-00220719-00220894 current
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00826-00220896-00221206 uh these things your dissipation factor
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00827-00221207-00221542 these are mentioned by the manufacturer
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00828-00221544-00221751 there are several man specifications
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00829-00221752-00221942 that are given you can go through the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00830-00221944-00222175 data sheet and most of them are self
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00831-00222176-00222391 explanatory and suppose some of the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00832-00222392-00222534 specifications are not able to
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00833-00222535-00222727 understand what they have written you
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00834-00222728-00222927 can go to the application nodes by the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00835-00222928-00223167 manufacturers and then usually they will
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00836-00223167-00223334 describe what that
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00837-00223335-00223591 specification means
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00838-00223592-00223879 now here further again you see that for
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00839-00223880-00224142 this data sheet here what is given is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00840-00224144-00224519 the capacitance value vdc vac peak vdc
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00841-00224519-00224831 which is higher than this vdc value
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00842-00224832-00225215 that is given by the manufacturer
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00843-00225216-00225423 further here again you see that this
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00844-00225423-00225806 ripple current is specified by the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00845-00225807-00225967 manufacturer
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00846-00225967-00226231 and the peak current for short duration
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00847-00226232-00226510 what the capacitor can withstand the esr
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00848-00226511-00226871 of the capacitor the dv by dt rating
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00849-00226871-00227142 this is also given by this
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00850-00227144-00227446 by the manufacturer
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00851-00227448-00227767 so the key points of this lecture are
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00852-00227767-00227919 that
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00853-00227919-00228327 that your choice of capacitor depends
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00854-00228328-00228498 on the role in the circuit your
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00855-00228500-00228823 specifications what you need
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00856-00228823-00229039 but that you have to decide and
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00857-00229040-00229246 accordingly you have to choose the
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00858-00229248-00229446 particular type of capacitor that is
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00859-00229448-00229694 going to be suitable
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00860-00229696-00229987 and you should look for all important
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00861-00229988-00230294 specifications of for your application
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00862-00230296-00230542 and not just the voltage and the value
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00863-00230544-00231748 of capacitance thank you
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00864-00231750-00233223 [Music]
+YCPUHRNIGZE-00865-00233223-00233432 you
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00000-00000064-00000447 let's begin so last time
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00001-00000448-00000734 we were talking about functions yes
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00002-00000735-00001047 absolutely
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00003-00001048-00001327 constant and a var okay so for those of
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00004-00001328-00001431 you who have done
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00005-00001432-00001751 javascript in the past javascript has
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00006-00001752-00002055 three ways of declaring variables
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00007-00002056-00002487 var let const
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00008-00002488-00002815 what are the differences with
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00009-00002816-00003047 the difference between var and let has
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00010-00003048-00003238 to do with scoping which is something
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00011-00003239-00003399 we're going to talk about today
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00012-00003400-00003590 it has to do with scoping one is block
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00013-00003592-00003822 scope one is functional scope
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00014-00003823-00004183 we'll cover this in a bit however
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00015-00004184-00004567 with both var and let you can change the
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00016-00004568-00004847 value of the variable later
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00017-00004848-00005063 right so suppose you do var a and then
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00018-00005064-00005238 you put one in it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00019-00005239-00005543 later you can change it into a two right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00020-00005544-00005735 you can change the value of your
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00021-00005736-00005870 variable
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00022-00005871-00006143 with a const you cannot a const is a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00023-00006144-00006446 what it sounds like a constant
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00024-00006447-00006695 so once you put a value in it this value
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00025-00006695-00006767 cannot
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00026-00006768-00007167 change that's the difference okay um
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00027-00007168-00007391 any other questions so okay another
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00028-00007392-00007631 question that you may be asking yourself
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00029-00007631-00007767 especially those of you who know
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00030-00007768-00008023 javascript is why are we not covering
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00031-00008023-00008110 var and let
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00032-00008111-00008374 why am i using const everywhere that's
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00033-00008375-00008503 weird
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00034-00008504-00008695 well uh so there's this notion of
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00035-00008696-00008863 functional programming which is
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00036-00008864-00009023 actually an advanced topic it's
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00037-00009024-00009239 something that you will probably cover
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00038-00009240-00009342 later on in
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00039-00009343-00009591 in your careers but the idea behind
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00040-00009592-00009703 functional programming
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00041-00009704-00009951 is that as you're writing your code you
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00042-00009952-00010006 don't
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00043-00010007-00010383 change state and that's a simple way of
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00044-00010384-00010471 thinking about this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00045-00010472-00010671 is don't change the values of your
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00046-00010672-00010791 variables
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00047-00010792-00011038 every variable has its value if you want
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00048-00011039-00011151 something new
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00049-00011152-00011535 create a new variable in practice it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00050-00011536-00011719 turns out that when you write code in
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00051-00011720-00011799 this way
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00052-00011800-00012014 you reduce the number of bugs in your
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00053-00012015-00012263 code i have experienced this myself and
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00054-00012264-00012335 i can tell you
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00055-00012336-00012599 absolutely this is true right so right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00056-00012600-00012742 off the bat since we're learning
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00057-00012743-00012894 programming from scratch
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00058-00012895-00013135 i'm trying to get you guys to think of
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00059-00013136-00013286 code or writing code
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00060-00013287-00013551 in a functional way a lot of people
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00061-00013552-00013711 think that functional programming just
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00062-00013712-00013879 means using functions
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00063-00013880-00014151 no functions are certainly a part of it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00064-00014152-00014311 but really the key here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00065-00014312-00014494 is to make sure that you don't change
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00066-00014495-00014622 state so
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00067-00014623-00014879 which is why we're using consts so i
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00068-00014880-00015047 want you guys to start to learn
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00069-00015047-00015343 things this way first and then later
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00070-00015344-00015543 we'll talk about for loops and
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00071-00015544-00015847 variable mutation and so on which
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00072-00015847-00016038 you should know just so when you see
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00073-00016040-00016238 code later you're not confused
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00074-00016240-00016575 but i want you to think about code
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00075-00016576-00016950 functionally answer your question
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00076-00016951-00017271 john other questions
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00077-00017272-00017655 that's it okay let's get going
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00078-00017656-00017950 so we talked everyone can see the code
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00079-00017951-00017999 big
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00080-00018000-00018199 good all right so let's create a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00081-00018200-00018303 variable
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00082-00018304-00018494 sorry let's create a variable and put
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00083-00018495-00018663 inside of it a function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00084-00018664-00019127 talk to me
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00085-00019128-00019447 the name of the function so name
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00086-00019448-00020007 fine then what
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00087-00020008-00020358 then what curly braces
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00088-00020359-00020694 and what does that mean
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00089-00020695-00020903 right that's the start of the function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00090-00020904-00021127 and then
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00091-00021128-00021503 the end of the function semicolon good
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00092-00021504-00021735 and again the semicolon follows the same
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00093-00021736-00021822 convention right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00094-00021823-00022183 const foo one semicolon
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00095-00022184-00022543 same idea good okay
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00096-00022544-00022750 so let's have this function let's call
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00097-00022751-00023111 it how do i call the function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00098-00023112-00023367 by the name so if i didn't have a name
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00099-00023368-00023455 for the function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00100-00023456-00023855 could i call it from from here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00101-00023856-00024055 no if i'm in the other room and i don't
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00102-00024056-00024199 know your name
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00103-00024200-00024383 it's kind of difficult to call you right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00104-00024384-00024503 i mean i can call hey
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00105-00024504-00024663 you know but then there are lots of you
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00106-00024664-00024878 it's hard to tell so i have to know your
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00107-00024879-00025063 name in order to identify you and
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00108-00025064-00025127 reference
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00109-00025128-00025463 you directly so okay so we say name
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00110-00025464-00025790 and how do i that's it name
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00111-00025791-00025967 right open and close parentheses so that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00112-00025968-00026167 means column right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00113-00026168-00026462 how do i modify this function so it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00114-00026463-00026614 returns
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00115-00026616-00027135 a number
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00116-00027136-00027511 return what give me a number
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00117-00027512-00027879 one good okay so
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00118-00027880-00028046 this returned one how come i'm not
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00119-00028047-00028423 seeing anything down here what happened
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00120-00028424-00028639 right so let me console log the result
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00121-00028639-00028846 so let me console
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00122-00028847-00029223 dot log that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00123-00029224-00029407 now we know that this function is going
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00124-00029408-00029535 to return a one
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00125-00029536-00029814 right which means in our heads we can
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00126-00029816-00029967 turn this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00127-00029968-00030327 it's into a one it's the same thing that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00128-00030327-00030751 eventually turns into that fair enough
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00129-00030752-00030983 okay well if that's the case let's do
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00130-00030983-00031070 another one
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00131-00031072-00031590 const f1
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00132-00031591-00031895 let's have that return two
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00133-00031895-00032343 let's do another one f3
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00134-00032344-00032727 and let's have this do times
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00135-00032727-00033151 f3 plus
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00136-00033152-00033455 f1 yeah
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00137-00033456-00033879 that what do i get four
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00138-00033880-00034071 let's go through it so name will return
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00139-00034072-00034183 one which means this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00140-00034184-00034502 gets replaced with a one f3
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00141-00034503-00034815 returns two
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00142-00034816-00035359 and f1 returns two there you go
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00143-00035360-00035743 the answer is simple right okay
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00144-00035744-00036007 so the next thing that we covered is
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00145-00036008-00036135 this idea that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00146-00036136-00036359 a function can actually call another
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00147-00036360-00036439 function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00148-00036440-00036815 right this allows you to compose
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00149-00036816-00037079 pieces of your code together think of
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00150-00037080-00037151 programming
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00151-00037152-00037439 as lego blocks right think about it when
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00152-00037440-00037502 you're building
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00153-00037503-00037646 legos right when you're working with
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00154-00037647-00037895 legos you have these individual blocks
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00155-00037896-00038102 but then you can kind of stick them
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00156-00038103-00038262 together to build more and more
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00157-00038263-00038390 complicated
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00158-00038391-00038711 things right so what we can do then is
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00159-00038712-00038959 create a series of functions
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00160-00038960-00039279 const f1 for example and let's have this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00161-00039280-00039367 function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00162-00039368-00039679 add numbers together so let's do
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00163-00039680-00040127 a and b and have it return a plus b
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00164-00040128-00040623 let's have another one cost f2 which
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00165-00040624-00040974 let's say takes two numbers
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00166-00040975-00041183 and does what i don't know give me
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00167-00041184-00041407 something
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00168-00041408-00041774 multiply fine a times b
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00169-00041775-00042158 now notice the names that i used f1
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00170-00042159-00042455 it's difficult to tell that f1 means a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00171-00042456-00042655 function that adds numbers together
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00172-00042656-00042943 right so it turns out that one of the
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00173-00042944-00043111 things that programmers spend a lot of
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00174-00043112-00043223 time doing
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00175-00043224-00043407 is figuring out how to name their
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00176-00043408-00043543 variables so that it's
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00177-00043544-00043871 clear and easy to understand f1
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00178-00043872-00044167 is not very easy to understand right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00179-00044168-00044239 because
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00180-00044240-00044455 right right so you can name it something
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00181-00044456-00044567 better like
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00182-00044568-00044839 i think i add yeah so let's call this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00183-00044840-00044895 add
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00184-00044896-00045223 what about this yeah something like that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00185-00045224-00045262 right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00186-00045263-00045567 good so this is very important as you
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00187-00045568-00045735 name your variables instead of just
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00188-00045736-00045887 naming them like a b
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00189-00045888-00046135 and things like that try to name them
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00190-00046136-00046207 things that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00191-00046208-00046446 make sense that actually match what they
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00192-00046447-00046567 actually are
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00193-00046568-00046823 right call it age call it weight call it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00194-00046824-00047143 height call it what it actually is
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00195-00047144-00047351 okay good now we can create another
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00196-00047352-00047462 function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00197-00047463-00047590 i don't know let's just call this one
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00198-00047591-00047879 funk because i don't know what it is
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00199-00047880-00048246 and it will take two numbers a and b
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00200-00048247-00048590 and what i wanted to do is to return
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00201-00048591-00048927 uh the addition plus
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00202-00048928-00049295 its multiplication yeah addition plus
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00203-00049296-00049479 multiplication in other words i wanted
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00204-00049480-00049711 to return
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00205-00049712-00050046 add uh multi a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00206-00050047-00050399 and b and the addition
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00207-00050400-00050855 a and b
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00208-00050856-00051174 so let's go through this again remember
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00209-00051175-00051342 anytime you see something that looks
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00210-00051344-00051479 more complicated
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00211-00051479-00051711 just make it simpler just simplify it do
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00212-00051712-00051870 it one piece at a time
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00213-00051871-00052054 let's look at this one piece so we know
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00214-00052055-00052207 that a gets four
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00215-00052208-00052607 and b gets five right okay so multi
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00216-00052608-00052830 is a function that will take four and
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00217-00052832-00052919 five
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00218-00052920-00053359 and multiply them together the result is
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00219-00053360-00053663 so let's replace that with a 20.
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00220-00053664-00053959 add will take four and five and return
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00221-00053960-00054175 their sum
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00222-00054176-00054526 nine good
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00223-00054527-00054879 add will take 20 and nine and return
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00224-00054879-00054966 their sum
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00225-00054967-00055303 29 you get 29 and so this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00226-00055304-00055823 turns into a 29.
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00227-00055824-00056182 make sense really
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00228-00056183-00056487 okay uh is
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00229-00056488-00056838 no questions questions so far none
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00230-00056839-00057135 good okay let's uh complicate things
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00231-00057136-00057311 even more
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00232-00057312-00057735 let's multiply a and
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00233-00057736-00058038 the addition of b
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00234-00058039-00058407 and 20.
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00235-00058408-00058711 let me do that there you go that fits
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00236-00058712-00058799 right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00237-00058800-00059438 good what's the value now
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00238-00059439-00059935 okay again one piece at a time what is b
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00239-00059936-00060282 b is the five that gets passed into here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00240-00060283-00060423 right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00241-00060424-00060799 that's 25 that's right 25.
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00242-00060800-00061142 what is a it's this 4 that gets passed
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00243-00061144-00061423 here right so this is 4.
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00244-00061424-00061830 4 times 25 is 100.
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00245-00061832-00062382 add a and b which is 4 and 5.
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00246-00062383-00062606 right so this becomes a 9 then we add
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00247-00062607-00062791 those together and we get
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00248-00062791-00063199 a 109 do you see how you can
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00249-00063200-00063479 now very easily write code in different
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00250-00063479-00063582 functions
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00251-00063583-00063742 and then use them in different
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00252-00063744-00063975 combinations so you can compose more and
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00253-00063976-00064142 more complex things
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00254-00064144-00064566 right okay
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00255-00064567-00065111 okay here's another one
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00256-00065112-00065882 so we know that a function is a value
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00257-00065883-00066159 right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00258-00066160-00067271 i just made a function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00259-00067272-00067775 what is the value of z
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00260-00067776-00067950 i got a nothing i got a function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00261-00067951-00068367 anything else
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00262-00068368-00068719 okay to make this simpler for you
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00263-00068720-00069367 look what is the value of z
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00264-00069368-00069743 what is the value of z right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00265-00069744-00070038 in the same way that i can do look const
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00266-00070039-00070087 a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00267-00070088-00070575 one i can also do cost a function right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00268-00070576-00070838 so a function is just a value that can
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00269-00070839-00070911 be placed
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00270-00070912-00071215 into a variable right so
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00271-00071216-00071399 in the same way that one can be placed
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00272-00071400-00071575 into a variable and a function can be
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00273-00071576-00071735 placed into a variable
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00274-00071736-00072031 a function can return a 1 or a function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00275-00072032-00072191 can return
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00276-00072192-00072655 another function with me so far
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00277-00072656-00073006 yes good so now let's have this function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00278-00073007-00073343 return a one
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00279-00073344-00073743 what is the value of z
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00280-00073744-00074023 i got a function anything else i got a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00281-00074024-00074062 one
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00282-00074063-00074455 anything else
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00283-00074456-00074606 good all right there's nothing else like
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00284-00074607-00074799 you can make things up okay
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00285-00074800-00075223 um we're returning
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00286-00075224-00075575 returning that right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00287-00075576-00075935 what is that it's a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00288-00075936-00076223 function it's a function we're returning
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00289-00076224-00076311 a function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00290-00076312-00076799 which means when you call f you get back
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00291-00076800-00077119 function not one function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00292-00077120-00077423 it's a function that inside of it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00293-00077424-00077782 has code and the code in this case
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00294-00077783-00078126 is for it to return a1 so now
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00295-00078127-00078487 if z has a function in it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00296-00078488-00078815 what can i do with z oh sorry i called
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00297-00078816-00079047 it var sorry i meant
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00298-00079048-00079367 okay uh const good
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00299-00079368-00079919 so now i can z oh z i can call z
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00300-00079920-00080831 const b now what is the value of b
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00301-00080832-00081159 okay look f
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00302-00081160-00081359 has a function in it this is the
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00303-00081360-00081687 function that's inside of f
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00304-00081688-00082094 look i call f
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00305-00082095-00082487 the body of the of f this function runs
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00306-00082488-00082718 the body of the function says return the
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00307-00082719-00082887 body being this start and this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00308-00082888-00083231 end all the code in between it runs
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00309-00083232-00083543 it says return that so
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00310-00083544-00083911 this returns this turns into
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00311-00083912-00084231 this function and gets put into z so now
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00312-00084232-00084559 z has this function in it it's the same
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00313-00084560-00084599 thing
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00314-00084600-00085031 as if i did
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00315-00085032-00085482 wait for it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00316-00085483-00085647 that this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00317-00085648-00085959 is the same thing as that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00318-00085960-00086271 this is the same thing as that this is
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00319-00086272-00086623 you guys get it good
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00320-00086624-00086935 okay so now
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00321-00086936-00087262 z has this function in it i then call z
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00322-00087263-00087606 which is this function and what return
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00323-00087607-00087831 gets returned by this function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00324-00087832-00088159 a one which means this returns a one
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00325-00088160-00088326 actually this turns into one gets
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00326-00088327-00088631 assigned to b
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00327-00088632-00089103 yes okay
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00328-00089104-00089367 so before we continue on there's more
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00329-00089368-00089518 with functions and we're going to do a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00330-00089519-00089687 lot we're going to pass function as
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00331-00089688-00089879 arguments to functions
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00332-00089880-00090055 we're gonna do return functions that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00333-00090056-00090294 return functions
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00334-00090295-00090526 this kind of thing can get very like
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00335-00090527-00090718 more and more complicated
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00336-00090719-00090918 and we will talk about that but before
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00337-00090919-00091079 we do i want to discuss
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00338-00091080-00091399 variable scoping so what do i mean by
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00339-00091400-00091582 variable scoping so we all know what a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00340-00091583-00091638 variable
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00341-00091639-00091847 is okay it's a container and you have
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00342-00091848-00091991 code inside of it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00343-00091992-00092206 fine or sorry you have a value inside of
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00344-00092207-00092343 it fine
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00345-00092344-00092559 it has a name so you can refer to that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00346-00092560-00092647 value
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00347-00092648-00093031 right but here's the question
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00348-00093032-00093255 depending on where you are in your code
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00349-00093256-00093367 you can only
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00350-00093368-00093718 access certain variables
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00351-00093719-00093926 okay so your code is going to have lots
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00352-00093927-00094118 of variables in it but depending on
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00353-00094119-00094174 where you
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00354-00094175-00094479 are you can only see certain
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00355-00094480-00094767 variables within that context within
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00356-00094768-00094806 that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00357-00094807-00095135 scope if you will so let me explain how
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00358-00095136-00095431 this works
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00359-00095432-00095750 um so if you're just using regular const
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00360-00095751-00096126 right obviously if you're on the same
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00361-00096127-00096415 level as in i've made a const a from
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00362-00096416-00096606 here i can access a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00363-00096607-00096831 from here i can access f from here i can
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00364-00096832-00097143 access z and from here i can access b
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00365-00097144-00097374 actually from here i can access a f z
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00366-00097375-00097511 and b
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00367-00097512-00097647 you can almost think of this as
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00368-00097648-00097799 everything that's kind of on the same
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00369-00097800-00097935 line
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00370-00097936-00098135 you can access as long as the order
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00371-00098136-00098303 matches
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00372-00098304-00098623 here's where things get trickier let's
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00373-00098624-00098726 create a function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00374-00098727-00099111 or we have one already
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00375-00099112-00099455 const b const b
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00376-00099456-00100094 two and then in here i have a b
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00377-00100095-00100423 sorry let me give it a different there
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00378-00100424-00100862 so a is called by 24 so 24 goes inside
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00379-00100863-00100959 of b
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00380-00100960-00101262 right this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00381-00101263-00101582 b that's in here is not the same as the
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00382-00101583-00101935 b that's up there
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00383-00101936-00102223 the function this that has the beginning
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00384-00102224-00102367 that and end of that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00385-00102368-00102710 inside of it has what are known as local
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00386-00102711-00102975 variables local variables are the
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00387-00102976-00103063 variables that are
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00388-00103064-00103318 closest to it they're in within their
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00389-00103319-00103534 it's sort of working area
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00390-00103535-00103847 it's local it's just here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00391-00103848-00104158 however suppose i did this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00392-00104159-00104334 supposed i called it something different
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00393-00104335-00104615 like z and then returned
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00394-00104616-00105166 z plus b here's what happens now
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00395-00105167-00105478 so we call this function z gets the
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00396-00105479-00105710 value of 24.
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00397-00105711-00106015 we then go here and say z do i have a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00398-00106016-00106102 local z
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00399-00106103-00106558 yes or no yes where is it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00400-00106559-00106895 right there right that's the local z
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00401-00106896-00107207 next question b do i have a b
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00402-00107208-00107599 created in this block
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00403-00107600-00107966 no so what i do is i go up
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00404-00107967-00108295 so from this function go up
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00405-00108296-00108654 so leave the function and go here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00406-00108655-00108999 at that level do i have a b yeah
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00407-00109000-00109366 there it is and it has two in it right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00408-00109367-00109623 so what this would do is it would do 24
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00409-00109624-00109766 which is local
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00410-00109767-00110078 plus b which is just up there
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00411-00110079-00110334 with a value of 2. and therefore you
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00412-00110335-00110383 would get
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00413-00110383-00110758 26. let me complicate this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00414-00110759-00111078 even further let's have this return
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00415-00111079-00111615 another function which takes a y
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00416-00111616-00111999 there you go const
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00417-00112000-00112319 uh a2
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00418-00112320-00112927 what is the value of a2
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00419-00112928-00113295 well think about it this is a i called a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00420-00113296-00113551 what does a the a is this function here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00421-00113552-00113607 right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00422-00113608-00113910 what does it return a function this guy
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00423-00113911-00113975 right here right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00424-00113976-00114319 this so that turns into
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00425-00114320-00114543 that or returns that i should say and
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00426-00114544-00114710 then that function is assigned
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00427-00114711-00115031 into a2 right so now a2
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00428-00115032-00115302 holds this function here so now i can
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00429-00115303-00115590 then call
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00430-00115591-00115902 a2 and that will now run
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00431-00115903-00116207 this here now let me give that an
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00432-00116208-00116295 argument as well
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00433-00116296-00116615 like a 7 and have this return
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00434-00116616-00117015 z plus y plus b
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00435-00117016-00117431 and let me console.log b2
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00436-00117432-00117863 there you go how did this work
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00437-00117864-00118263 here's how we call a which returns this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00438-00118264-00118399 function to us
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00439-00118400-00118727 and we put it into a2 we call
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00440-00118728-00119078 a2 which runs this code here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00441-00119079-00119471 we check z do i have a local z
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00442-00119472-00119775 no so i have to from this function go
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00443-00119776-00120095 up right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00444-00120096-00120486 do i have a z at this level
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00445-00120488-00120807 yeah there it is right which was passed
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00446-00120808-00121023 to me as 24
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00447-00121024-00121358 right so i get 24 from here good so this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00448-00121359-00121583 turns into 24. yeah
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00449-00121583-00121919 plus y do i have a local y
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00450-00121920-00122247 there it is which was seven right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00451-00122248-00122551 okay so i get 24 plus seven
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00452-00122552-00122943 plus b do i have a local b
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00453-00122944-00123254 go up one do i have a local b
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00454-00123255-00123583 go up one yes there it is
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00455-00123583-00123910 two so what i get is 24 plus seven plus
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00456-00123911-00124071 two
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00457-00124072-00124375 33
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00458-00124376-00124599 okay so it's very important that you
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00459-00124600-00124775 understand variable scoping so we're
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00460-00124776-00125031 going to keep going
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00461-00125032-00125439 uh what's a good example i can give you
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00462-00125440-00125886 cost f function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00463-00125888-00126510 const const f2
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00464-00126511-00127023 const f3
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00465-00127024-00127447 return f2 plus f3
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00466-00127448-00127799 and then let's have f2 return
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00467-00127800-00128214 uh a which is going to have a local a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00468-00128215-00128519 f3 return b
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00469-00128520-00128854 times c where c is there
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00470-00128855-00129254 b is const b is something there
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00471-00129255-00129463 and then there's a const z here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00472-00129464-00129607 somewhere
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00473-00129608-00129919 and let's have this be that divide oh no
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00474-00129920-00129975 let's do
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00475-00129976-00130399 something simple plus z
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00476-00130400-00130566 huh what else can i do to really mix
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00477-00130567-00130727 things up here i know
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00478-00130728-00131087 const f4 which takes
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00479-00131088-00131478 um yeah maybe that's enough
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00480-00131479-00131814 how much on them okay
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00481-00131815-00132151 so then i call f
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00482-00132152-00132463 and i print it console.log
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00483-00132464-00133159 f there
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00484-00133160-00133487 okay so
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00485-00133488-00133711 it's not hard just break it up into
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00486-00133712-00134047 parts
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00487-00134048-00134414 so we create a z we put a five in it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00488-00134415-00134607 we create an f we put this big function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00489-00134608-00134751 in it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00490-00134752-00135127 then we print calling the function so
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00491-00135128-00135319 whatever the function returns is what we
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00492-00135320-00135383 will print
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00493-00135384-00135687 right okay so called it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00494-00135688-00136271 let's go into f i think i have a gadget
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00495-00136272-00136575 okay so here we call
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00496-00136576-00136871 f and we go into f right so we end up
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00497-00136872-00137063 here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00498-00137064-00137366 so we create a variable within this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00499-00137367-00137599 starting from there ending from there we
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00500-00137600-00137759 create a variable called
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00501-00137760-00138031 b and we put a 3 inside create a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00502-00138032-00138183 function create a function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00503-00138184-00138502 don't worry about it call f2 which is a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00504-00138503-00138823 which is that right there yes in
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00505-00138824-00139143 here we pass oh wait sorry
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00506-00139144-00139390 one second one second one second let's
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00507-00139391-00139502 give a a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00508-00139503-00139847 three and let's give that a five
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00509-00139848-00140151 good okay that's what i meant to do okay
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00510-00140152-00140527 so we call f2 with a three f2 is there
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00511-00140528-00140878 a will get the three right that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00512-00140879-00141239 goes there with me
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00513-00141240-00141575 okay so a gets the three so
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00514-00141576-00141751 when we're resolving the variables we
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00515-00141752-00141999 say do we have a local a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00516-00142000-00142207 we do it's this guy right here right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00517-00142208-00142375 okay so we're good
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00518-00142376-00142623 we're trying to resolve z is there a z
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00519-00142624-00142766 just within this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00520-00142767-00143054 this area here no so we go up one is
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00521-00143055-00143263 there a z within this area
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00522-00143264-00143543 no so we go up one is there a z there it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00523-00143544-00143654 is
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00524-00143655-00143863 so we take that z which has a value of
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00525-00143864-00143983 five so
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00526-00143984-00144278 we get five there right so we get three
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00527-00144279-00144319 and
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00528-00144320-00144551 five right so we get eight right here so
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00529-00144552-00144759 this turns into eight
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00530-00144760-00145095 let me change that for you so this turns
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00531-00145096-00145143 into
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00532-00145144-00145454 an eight there okay then
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00533-00145455-00145751 f3 which is right there so we pass the 5
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00534-00145752-00145902 to the c
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00535-00145903-00146231 so c so then we have a b here do we have
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00536-00146232-00146278 a b
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00537-00146279-00146590 declared in this so we go up
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00538-00146591-00146902 so we go up is there a b within this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00539-00146903-00147190 there it is right there right so we take
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00540-00147191-00147366 the 3
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00541-00147367-00147839 3 times 5 15.
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00542-00147840-00148223 so we turn this into a 15
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00543-00148224-00148483 and then we add them together and get
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00544-00148484-00148671 23.
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00545-00148672-00149007 now if this seems complicated for you
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00546-00149008-00149343 or to you i should say uh how can we see
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00547-00149344-00149654 how this code is working
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00548-00149655-00150063 debugger come on in
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00549-00150064-00150766 or not um let's inspect
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00550-00150767-00151102 all right let me zoom in okay watch how
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00551-00151103-00151247 this code works
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00552-00151248-00151631 live if you will wait shotgun not see me
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00553-00151632-00151871 there we go okay remember that this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00554-00151872-00152031 steps to the next thing
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00555-00152032-00152359 and this goes into a function right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00556-00152360-00152702 remember those two things so we go next
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00557-00152703-00152902 okay we can see here that z now has a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00558-00152903-00153095 five in it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00559-00153096-00153311 we can see here that f has a function in
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00560-00153312-00153487 it and then we're going to go
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00561-00153488-00153678 in in order to be able to go into this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00562-00153679-00153895 call so we go in
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00563-00153896-00154254 now we're inside the call
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00564-00154255-00154526 here look at this it says what my local
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00565-00154527-00154607 variables are
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00566-00154608-00154943 it says locally i have a b i'm also
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00567-00154944-00155095 going to get these two for these two
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00568-00155096-00155359 uh variables soon and then globally or
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00569-00155360-00155511 just above it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00570-00155512-00155863 i have an f which is this function here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00571-00155864-00156135 and a z which is that right there right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00572-00156136-00156263 so you can see it the
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00573-00156264-00156439 debugger tells you exactly what's
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00574-00156440-00156566 happening
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00575-00156567-00156775 so we create a function we create a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00576-00156776-00156926 function now let's step
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00577-00156927-00157271 into f2 incidentally the thing that you
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00578-00157272-00157359 will step into
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00579-00157360-00157663 is the first function call okay so the
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00580-00157664-00157871 first function call here is f2 so let's
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00581-00157872-00157935 step into
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00582-00157936-00158326 f2 there it is a has a value of three
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00583-00158327-00158583 z as you can see here has a value of 5.
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00584-00158584-00158766 again why because we go up here there's
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00585-00158767-00158814 no z
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00586-00158815-00159254 we go up here there's a z boom 5.
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00587-00159255-00159575 it will return the 3 which has
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00588-00159576-00159902 a is 3 plus z which is five
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00589-00159903-00160287 so eight then we'll step in again
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00590-00160288-00160607 into the f3 call there you go
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00591-00160608-00160847 in this case c has a value of five which
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00592-00160848-00161014 is what we passed in
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00593-00161015-00161478 and b has a value of 3 right from here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00594-00161479-00161687 it doesn't have one locally so it go up
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00595-00161688-00162239 and there it is
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00596-00162240-00162823 and we print and we get 23.
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00597-00162824-00163190 does that make sense
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00598-00163191-00163487 okay but here's the thing you can only
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00599-00163488-00163535 go
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00600-00163536-00163902 up you cannot go down
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00601-00163903-00164326 what i mean by this is if i create a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00602-00164327-00164790 if i create a function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00603-00164791-00165007 and then inside of this function i make
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00604-00165008-00165438 a variable
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00605-00165439-00165999 from here i can never access z
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00606-00166000-00166231 got it so outside of the function i
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00607-00166232-00166319 can't ha
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00608-00166320-00166478 because then i have to go into the
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00609-00166479-00166711 function right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00610-00166712-00166999 can't do that you can only go up you
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00611-00167000-00167254 cannot go down
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00612-00167255-00167663 does that make sense sort of
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00613-00167664-00167990 questions so far
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00614-00167991-00168278 no questions oh is there no nothing no
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00615-00168279-00168366 questions
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00616-00168367-00168543 everyone's just looking around wondering
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00617-00168544-00168863 if they figured it out okay
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00618-00168864-00169278 love watch this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00619-00169279-00169495 so we know that functions can return
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00620-00169496-00171102 functions
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00621-00171103-00171319 so this takes an a this takes a b and
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00622-00171320-00171414 this takes a c
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00623-00171415-00172663 and there's also a d somewhere
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00624-00172664-00172935 oh let's see let's call it f1 what is
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00625-00172936-00173487 the value of f1
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00626-00173488-00173887 yeah so it's
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00627-00173888-00174126 so we call f which is which is this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00628-00174127-00174271 function here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00629-00174272-00174543 it returns this function which has a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00630-00174544-00174663 beginning there and an
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00631-00174664-00174983 end there right so that whole function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00632-00174984-00175095 this whole
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00633-00175096-00175519 function gets returned
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00634-00175520-00175831 and in this case assigns to f1
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00635-00175832-00176047 so f1 now has a reference to this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00636-00176048-00176151 function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00637-00176152-00176575 there okay
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00638-00176576-00177190 we then call f1
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00639-00177191-00177566 with a7
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00640-00177567-00177878 now what
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00641-00177879-00178183 the last function yeah so if f1 had a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00642-00178184-00178399 reference to this function here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00643-00178400-00178743 when we call it it returns this stuff
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00644-00178744-00178935 right here right this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00645-00178936-00179383 so now this goes into f2
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00646-00179384-00179878 good let's keep going
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00647-00179879-00180478 f2
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00648-00180479-00180983 what is the value of f3
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00649-00180984-00181311 so f2 sorry f what is the value of f3
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00650-00181312-00181478 undefined
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00651-00181479-00181783 why because f2 is this function here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00652-00181784-00181871 right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00653-00181872-00182199 what does it return nothing in
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00654-00182200-00182423 javascript nothing is
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00655-00182424-00182831 undefined so therefore f3 gets undefined
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00656-00182832-00183159 right okay let's change that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00657-00183160-00183766 let's instead have this function return
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00658-00183767-00184199 a plus b plus c plus
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00659-00184200-00184590 d
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00660-00184591-00185366 now what does f3 have
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00661-00185367-00185583 well look think about it as far as
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00662-00185584-00185895 variable resolution right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00663-00185896-00186175 we called f originally with a nine so an
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00664-00186176-00186207 a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00665-00186208-00186454 took on the value of nine right it's a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00666-00186455-00186671 variable that has a value of nine
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00667-00186672-00186975 it then returned a function that then we
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00668-00186976-00187150 called with a value of seven so b
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00669-00187151-00187399 took seven it then returned a function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00670-00187400-00187590 which we called with a two so two went
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00671-00187591-00187911 into c
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00672-00187912-00188183 when we run this function we say hey a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00673-00188184-00188423 do we have a local a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00674-00188424-00188743 no so we go up is there an a here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00675-00188744-00189054 nope we go up is there an a here yeah
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00676-00189055-00189231 there it is
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00677-00189232-00189471 and that had a value of nine right so
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00678-00189472-00189663 this takes nine
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00679-00189664-00190023 b is there a local b in this area here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00680-00190024-00190526 no go up is there a b here there it is
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00681-00190527-00190871 which has a value of 7 c is a local
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00682-00190872-00190983 right there it is
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00683-00190984-00191223 that has a value of 2. is there a local
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00684-00191224-00191350 d
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00685-00191351-00191559 is there a d at this level is there a d
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00686-00191560-00191663 at that level
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00687-00191664-00191911 is there a d at that level there it is
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00688-00191912-00192031 d3
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00689-00192032-00192350 boom
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00690-00192351-00192687 okay
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00691-00192688-00193102 what if i did const d
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00692-00193103-00193438 nine again
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00693-00193439-00193631 following the same logic when this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00694-00193632-00194063 executes it will say do i have a local d
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00695-00194064-00194383 no do i have a local d yes boom
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00696-00194384-00194726 so it takes the first one on the way up
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00697-00194727-00195047 it does not keep going right so it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00698-00195048-00195119 starts here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00699-00195120-00195366 checks up one checks up and it keeps
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00700-00195367-00195663 going until it finds it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00701-00195664-00196423 make sense variable yes
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00702-00196424-00196783 uh i don't know
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00703-00196784-00197014 i honestly don't it's the the editor the
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00704-00197015-00197175 code mirror editor that i'm using
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00705-00197176-00197350 colored it that way why did it color it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00706-00197351-00197759 that way i honestly don't know
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00707-00197760-00198071 uh let's see uh i don't maybe
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00708-00198072-00198399 let's see let's make another one const
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00709-00198400-00198711 yeah yeah i guess so yeah maybe this is
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00710-00198712-00198814 a global and
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00711-00198815-00198983 the function ones have a different
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00712-00198984-00199223 coloring yeah
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00713-00199224-00199607 yes sir
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00714-00199608-00199950 you're right i agree with you
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00715-00199951-00200254 so i didn't change the value of d
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00716-00200255-00200526 d still has this d still has a three in
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00717-00200527-00200631 it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00718-00200632-00200878 this is a different variable it's a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00719-00200879-00200975 completely different
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00720-00200976-00201238 so i have two variables one inside of
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00721-00201239-00201414 this scope and another inside of
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00722-00201415-00201895 which means if i had code here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00723-00201896-00202214 if i had oh this is going to be weird
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00724-00202215-00202454 no i can't um but if i had code for some
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00725-00202455-00202647 reason i i was doing
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00726-00202648-00202959 const zubar equals d plus
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00727-00202960-00203263 a or plus a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00728-00203264-00203463 it zoo bar is not actually used but
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00729-00203464-00203654 let's pretend i was doing that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00730-00203655-00203959 if it ran it would use that d
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00731-00203960-00204375 but this one this one uses that d
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00732-00204376-00204846 does that make sense yes sir
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00733-00204848-00205175 yeah in this case nothing it it will
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00734-00205176-00205382 work exactly the same way
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00735-00205383-00205598 also with let it would work exactly the
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00736-00205600-00205742 same in this code
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00737-00205744-00206175 yeah uh other questions
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00738-00206176-00206566 good okay
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00739-00206567-00207198 so now let's get really really tricky
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00740-00207200-00207566 functions are values
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00741-00207567-00208214 i will repeat that one more time
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00742-00208215-00208527 it takes an a and it returns
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00743-00208528-00210182 calling a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00744-00210183-00210855 yeah that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00745-00210856-00211087 what is the value that will be printed
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00746-00211088-00211623 that is to say what is b
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00747-00211623-00212319 yes sir what did i do
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00748-00212319-00212846 that right there
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00749-00212848-00213023 so forgetting what i just wrote for a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00750-00213023-00213167 second
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00751-00213167-00213639 i'm going to create a simple function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00752-00213640-00213951 which is going to take an a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00753-00213952-00214358 it is going to return a sorry return 1
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00754-00214359-00214703 or return it doesn't matter return one
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00755-00214704-00215023 and then i call f1 and i pass and a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00756-00215023-00215087 value
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00757-00215088-00215503 okay fine let's have it return a there
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00758-00215504-00215879 i'm passing a three right yes
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00759-00215880-00216598 question why do i have this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00760-00216600-00217134 yeah express what you just said in words
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00761-00217135-00217671 right why did i open the brackets
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00762-00217671-00217903 right so remember in javascript the way
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00763-00217904-00217975 to call
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00764-00217976-00218271 a function is to open a bracket and then
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00765-00218271-00218375 close it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00766-00218376-00218606 if you want to pass information to the
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00767-00218607-00218703 function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00768-00218704-00218982 you put the information inside your your
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00769-00218983-00219110 parentheses
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00770-00219111-00219342 right so in this case what we're saying
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00771-00219344-00219510 is we're calling f1
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00772-00219511-00219882 and we're passing 3 which goes to a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00773-00219883-00220175 right yeah with me so far
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00774-00220176-00220519 so now let's replace three
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00775-00220519-00221703 with another value that we know
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00776-00221704-00223206 yes sir
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00777-00223207-00223446 are you talking about this part here or
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00778-00223448-00223967 are you talking about
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00779-00223967-00224367 this here okay so listen
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00780-00224367-00224679 i am calling f which is this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00781-00224680-00225046 what is the value that i'm passing to it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00782-00225048-00225310 it's all of this right so that's the
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00783-00225311-00225575 same thing as doing
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00784-00225576-00226431 hang on
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00785-00226432-00226798 right yes you guys see how it's the same
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00786-00226800-00226927 thing
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00787-00226928-00227110 okay if it's the same thing then i want
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00788-00227111-00227263 to return the result of
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00789-00227264-00227606 calling a what is the result of calling
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00790-00227607-00227839 a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00791-00227840-00228127 a is a function what does it return
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00792-00228128-00228327 three so the result of calling a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00793-00228328-00228558 will return a 3. in other words this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00794-00228559-00229582 whole thing will return a 3.
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00795-00229583-00229998 ok here's another one let me have this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00796-00230000-00230263 instead no that's more complicated hang
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00797-00230264-00230431 on i want you to understand this one
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00798-00230432-00230510 first
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00799-00230511-00230734 okay let me let me give it two functions
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00800-00230735-00230934 a and b
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00801-00230935-00231294 let me give it another function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00802-00231296-00231598 and have it return a four five
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00803-00231600-00231919 i want to return if i do this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00804-00231919-00232287 what does that mean
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00805-00232288-00232479 i'm like adding two functions together
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00806-00232480-00232606 which doesn't make sense
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00807-00232607-00232758 right why would you add functions
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00808-00232759-00232951 together so what i want to do is instead
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00809-00232952-00233134 get the value of the function so i want
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00810-00233135-00233310 to call the function and see what it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00811-00233311-00233423 returns
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00812-00233423-00233663 and i want to add that to the result of
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00813-00233664-00233751 calling
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00814-00233752-00233934 the other function and see what it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00815-00233935-00234079 returns
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00816-00234080-00234415 so if a is this function which returns a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00817-00234416-00234479 3
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00818-00234480-00234846 and b is this function which returns a 5
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00819-00234848-00235142 calling a and adding the result of that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00820-00235144-00235319 to calling b
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00821-00235319-00235639 is going to return
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00822-00235640-00236151 8. make sense
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00823-00236152-00236375 this is this should not be too confusing
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00824-00236376-00236463 because
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00825-00236464-00236682 in the same way that we're passing
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00826-00236683-00236831 numbers
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00827-00236832-00237134 or any other value to a function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00828-00237135-00237455 you can pass a function to a function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00829-00237456-00237615 in the same way that a function can
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00830-00237616-00237823 return a number
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00831-00237823-00238039 it can return a boolean it can return a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00832-00238040-00238255 string it can return
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00833-00238256-00238679 a function the only thing that i want
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00834-00238680-00238798 you to
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00835-00238800-00239079 to have be careful about is knowing when
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00836-00239080-00239263 you're referring to a function and when
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00837-00239264-00239439 you're calling a function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00838-00239440-00239639 remember to call a function let's say
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00839-00239640-00239758 this is our function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00840-00239759-00239951 if you have to do something like this to
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00841-00239952-00240182 call it if you don't do that you're only
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00842-00240183-00240479 referring to it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00843-00240480-00240719 this is me saying hakop this is me
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00844-00240719-00241110 saying hakub gosara
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00845-00241111-00241382 this is just a reference this is a call
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00846-00241383-00241734 to action
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00847-00241735-00242015 let's go through this a little bit more
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00848-00242016-00242198 by the way
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00849-00242200-00242646 hands up if you're confused
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00850-00242648-00242830 keep going look how many all these
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00851-00242831-00243079 people are confused keep going
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00852-00243080-00243510 yeah see hands are coming up good
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00853-00243511-00243871 okay let's see if we can remove some of
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00854-00243871-00244239 this confusion
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00855-00244240-00244542 we have variables that can store values
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00856-00244544-00244846 anyone who can't understand that we
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00857-00244848-00244927 understand that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00858-00244928-00245110 good so we have a variable a that can
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00859-00245111-00245246 have a value
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00860-00245248-00245542 there it is variable with a value we
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00861-00245544-00245655 have functions
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00862-00245656-00245879 which is just packages of code that can
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00863-00245880-00246182 run when you call it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00864-00246183-00246430 in the same way that we can store a 1
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00865-00246431-00246598 inside of a variable we can store
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00866-00246600-00246823 one of these functions inside of a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00867-00246823-00247039 variable that is to say we can give it a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00868-00247040-00247119 name
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00869-00247119-00247287 so let's give it a name so let's do
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00870-00247288-00247575 const f call it a function f
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00871-00247576-00247958 and then put it into it a function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00872-00247959-00248334 there you go we now have a function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00873-00248335-00248503 that's inside of a variable called
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00874-00248504-00248887 f good so far front row good
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00875-00248888-00249255 okay we can now call f
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00876-00249256-00249775 front row how do we call a function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00877-00249776-00250079 right so calling a function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00878-00250080-00250375 is like that a function has the ability
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00879-00250376-00250439 to take
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00880-00250440-00250719 information from us to receive
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00881-00250719-00250839 information
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00882-00250840-00251071 the way it receives information is by
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00883-00251071-00251158 variables
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00884-00251159-00251423 so you give it a variable here you give
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00885-00251423-00251582 it a value here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00886-00251583-00251775 and this value will go into that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00887-00251776-00252119 variable when it's called
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00888-00252119-00252439 is that clear good
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00889-00252440-00252710 functions in addition to taking inputs
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00890-00252711-00252903 or taking in information
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00891-00252904-00253263 can also return information
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00892-00253264-00253558 the way to return something is to call
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00893-00253559-00253663 return
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00894-00253664-00253887 and then the thing you want to return
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00895-00253888-00253975 which let's say
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00896-00253976-00254327 is a or a plus 1.
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00897-00254328-00254510 so now in this case if we're past
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00898-00254511-00254734 calling f with a 4
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00899-00254735-00255158 a gets a 4 4 plus 1 is a 5 and that is
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00900-00255159-00255279 returned
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00901-00255280-00255582 by the function so this turns into you
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00902-00255583-00255767 can in your head you can think of this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00903-00255767-00256246 as a 5. that turns into that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00904-00256248-00256598 so far so good good
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00905-00256600-00256975 anyone confused up until that point
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00906-00256976-00257367 okay let's keep going
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00907-00257367-00258142 mix wish too jared
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00908-00258144-00258623 are you talking about this one here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00909-00258623-00259015 which sentence is jenna i'm listening
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00910-00259016-00259151 i'm listening go ahead which which
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00911-00259152-00259334 sentences the
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00912-00259335-00260046 second step is equal yes
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00913-00260048-00260358 this here so this okay so
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00914-00260359-00260606 this is a function which has a start and
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00915-00260607-00260671 end
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00916-00260671-00260982 right between these two from here and
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00917-00260983-00261223 here you can write code
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00918-00261223-00261694 can i write a function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00919-00261696-00261998 no no so the parentheses here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00920-00262000-00262223 are only there to take values in you
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00921-00262224-00262375 can't do operations you can just say
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00922-00262376-00262479 give me something
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00923-00262480-00262647 give me a number give me a function give
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00924-00262648-00262839 me something
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00925-00262840-00263030 and when you when they give it to you it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00926-00263031-00263158 comes with that name
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00927-00263159-00263367 right so i give you a four you refer to
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00928-00263368-00263510 that 4 as a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00929-00263511-00263734 right that way i can give you a 4 a 9
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00930-00263735-00263871 whatever you just know it as
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00931-00263872-00264215 a and then your job is to simply add
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00932-00264216-00264575 a to a 1 and tell me the answer
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00933-00264576-00264806 telling me implies returning so you're
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00934-00264807-00264958 think of it this way i give you
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00935-00264959-00265039 something
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00936-00265040-00265382 and you return something back yeah
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00937-00265383-00265639 so i give you something as an argument
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00938-00265640-00265703 you do
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00939-00265704-00265903 whatever it is that you do and then
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00940-00265904-00266167 return to me an answer
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00941-00266168-00266471 make sense okay so the value that is
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00942-00266472-00266655 returned
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00943-00266656-00266823 is the value that this ultimately
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00944-00266824-00266999 represents which is a five
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00945-00267000-00267399 right this basically turns into that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00946-00267400-00267615 so that means if we can imagine this as
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00947-00267616-00267751 turning into that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00948-00267752-00268095 then if i say const z
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00949-00268096-00268439 that that's the same thing as that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00950-00268440-00268671 right so if i were to ask you what is
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00951-00268672-00268775 the value of z
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00952-00268776-00269119 you would tell me boom there you go
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00953-00269120-00269599 so now what if i did plus f
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00954-00269600-00270039 what if i did that wait uh
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00955-00270040-00270399 front row yeah go
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00956-00270400-00270703 plus 7 very good exactly so z would have
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00957-00270704-00270775 that value
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00958-00270776-00271143 right you see simple so then now what if
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00959-00271144-00271319 i did
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00960-00271320-00271879 f of that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00961-00271880-00273055 go what do you think yeah
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00962-00273056-00273279 13. very good yeah because we
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00963-00273280-00273367 established that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00964-00273368-00273743 f4 plus f4 plus f6
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00965-00273744-00274047 is 12. if we then
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00966-00274048-00274375 so this middle part
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00967-00274376-00275358 turns into a 12 right if we then cut
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00968-00275359-00275591 so it takes a 12. so then if we do 12
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00969-00275592-00275734 plus 1 we get 13
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00970-00275735-00276167 so therefore this turns into a 13.
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00971-00276168-00276527 clear yes
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00972-00276528-00276879 easy okay so we understand
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00973-00276880-00277110 functions we understand inputs to
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00974-00277111-00277247 functions and we understand
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00975-00277248-00278182 outputs from a function yes sir
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00976-00278183-00278679 if we do elec yeah so if we do this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00977-00278680-00279071 if we did this what do you mean by delay
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00978-00279072-00279727 i'm sorry
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00979-00279728-00280082 oh if i just do
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00980-00280083-00280343 that uh
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00981-00280344-00280647 hang on i don't know
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00982-00280648-00280958 i'm guessing then but
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00983-00280959-00281151 oh sorry i sorry hang on hang on hand
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00984-00281152-00281279 not that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00985-00281280-00282191 this hang on hand yeah
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00986-00282192-00282358 very i understand what you're asking
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00987-00282359-00282503 okay let me explain
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00988-00282504-00282703 very good question so what's your name
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00989-00282704-00282815 sir
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00990-00282816-00283023 nautic so nautic is asking a very good
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00991-00283024-00283199 question he's saying look
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00992-00283200-00283406 we have an a up here that has a one
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00993-00283407-00283503 inside
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00994-00283504-00283823 right so how come when even though a is
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00995-00283824-00284030 undefined how come we don't just say
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00996-00284031-00284447 we don't have a local a and go up
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00997-00284448-00284823 yeah because because having a variable
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00998-00284824-00284975 doesn't mean that the variable has to
+YEpV_QiOIgu-00999-00284976-00285087 have a value
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01000-00285088-00285303 we do have a variable right there it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01001-00285304-00285487 just happens to be undefined right it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01002-00285488-00285615 has no value
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01003-00285616-00285943 so we still have a local a there it is
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01004-00285944-00286271 it's just undefined does that make sense
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01005-00286272-00286447 remember the way we find the variables
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01006-00286448-00286710 is only if we don't have a local one
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01007-00286711-00286927 then we go up and we keep doing this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01008-00286928-00287079 until we find it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01009-00287080-00287439 but we have one there yeah exactly
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01010-00287440-00287703 right and undefined plus one will return
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01011-00287704-00287934 none right not a number
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01012-00287935-00288482 other this is great other questions
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01013-00288483-00288934 okay
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01014-00288935-00289679 okay let's do this what does that return
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01015-00289680-00290006 do you see why because in this case as
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01016-00290007-00290175 nautic mentioned
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01017-00290176-00290406 he was talking about a right now we
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01018-00290407-00290606 don't have a local a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01019-00290607-00290895 so we go up and we find this one which
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01020-00290896-00290967 has a one
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01021-00290968-00291206 inside therefore this becomes a one one
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01022-00291207-00291406 plus one returns a two
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01023-00291407-00291654 and therefore calling this will return a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01024-00291655-00291758 two
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01025-00291759-00292599 and then we print z which prints two
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01026-00292600-00292910 okay good
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01027-00292911-00293143 so now again let's get a little bit more
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01028-00293144-00293454 interesting
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01029-00293455-00294510 let's talk about yes
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01030-00294511-00294839 no so in javascript it's okay to return
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01031-00294840-00295095 to give it no value because no value
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01032-00295096-00295295 simply means undefined
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01033-00295296-00295471 so in this case c would simply have a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01034-00295472-00295671 value of undefined
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01035-00295672-00296039 make sense okay other questions but in
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01036-00296040-00296199 but you make a good point by the way
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01037-00296200-00296254 because in
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01038-00296255-00296439 other programming languages like java
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01039-00296440-00296630 and c plus plus if there's a parameter
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01040-00296631-00296839 you have to pass a value for it so i
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01041-00296840-00296982 understand where you're coming from in
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01042-00296983-00297534 javascript you don't have to
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01043-00297535-00298282 yeah let's do it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01044-00298283-00298503 so
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01045-00298504-00298934 fair enough other questions
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01046-00298935-00299287 keep going okay
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01047-00299288-00299734 all right so
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01048-00299735-00300103 const f is a function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01049-00300104-00300415 which is going to take a function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01050-00300416-00300934 it's going to return a function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01051-00300935-00301119 and when this function is called is
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01052-00301120-00301399 going to return
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01053-00301400-00301695 calling the original function plus the
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01054-00301696-00302095 value that you give it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01055-00302096-00302391 yeah i think that's good okay so now
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01056-00302392-00302439 let's
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01057-00302440-00303551 call f with a function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01058-00303552-00303934 before we move forward
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01059-00303935-00304375 look this is f right that's f
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01060-00304376-00304679 we take this whole value here from there
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01061-00304680-00305015 until there and we pass it there
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01062-00305016-00305487 so funk takes that function right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01063-00305488-00305703 let's give that function some capability
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01064-00305704-00305815 let's
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01065-00305816-00306295 return i don't know nine
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01066-00306296-00306558 so now this func is a function that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01067-00306559-00306682 returns nine
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01068-00306683-00307175 right okay then we have this return
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01069-00307176-00307519 a function so by calling this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01070-00307520-00307903 what gets returned to z is this function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01071-00307904-00308079 here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01072-00308080-00308382 does that make sense yeah
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01073-00308383-00308543 i i don't quite get the idea
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01074-00308544-00309006 unfortunately
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01075-00309007-00309215 no you're returning you're calling a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01076-00309216-00309343 function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01077-00309344-00309663 look a function is a value right if i
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01078-00309664-00309854 call a function to add two numbers it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01079-00309855-00310023 will give me a number right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01080-00310024-00310254 the addition of the two numbers if i
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01081-00310255-00310382 call a function to
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01082-00310383-00310639 say concatenate two strings together it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01083-00310640-00310799 will return a string which will be the
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01084-00310800-00311087 concatenation of the two strings right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01085-00311088-00311230 in the same way that i can have a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01086-00311231-00311415 function return to me strings or i can
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01087-00311416-00311654 have a function return to me numbers
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01088-00311655-00311887 i can have a function return to me
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01089-00311888-00312095 another function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01090-00312096-00312430 make sense good okay
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01091-00312431-00312679 so this function returns that function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01092-00312680-00312854 so when i call this function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01093-00312855-00313127 it's going to return this function here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01094-00313128-00313271 and put it into
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01095-00313272-00313951 z so z now has a reference to this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01096-00313952-00314127 of these two functions it has a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01097-00314128-00314375 reference to this guy
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01098-00314376-00314647 look we're returning that right so
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01099-00314648-00314830 whatever your return is the value that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01100-00314831-00315082 you get back
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01101-00315083-00315999 okay with me so far
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01102-00316000-00316423 what value
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01103-00316424-00316823 are you talking about this here oh this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01104-00316824-00317063 okay so this hasn't run yet this is just
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01105-00317064-00317182 a function that is
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01106-00317183-00317391 inside of funk we have not touched it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01107-00317392-00317510 yet
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01108-00317511-00317815 we'll touch it down here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01109-00317816-00317991 we're just returning this function which
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01110-00317992-00318151 inside has code
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01111-00318152-00318375 and that code does include a reference
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01112-00318376-00318463 to that function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01113-00318464-00318791 you get it okay then now if i call
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01114-00318792-00319167 z
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01115-00319168-00319967 and i give it another value like a one
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01116-00319968-00320351 what is now the value of v
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01117-00320352-00320647 ten so what will happen is it will run
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01118-00320648-00320695 func
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01119-00320696-00320927 remember funk is this function that we
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01120-00320928-00321103 passed in
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01121-00321104-00321334 running it means it goes and it returns
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01122-00321335-00321423 a nine
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01123-00321424-00321791 so that means this here is a nine
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01124-00321792-00322023 that a is whatever gets passed here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01125-00322024-00322175 which was this one
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01126-00322176-00322406 this gets passed here gets here so you
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01127-00322407-00322534 get 10 plus one
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01128-00322535-00323054 and get returned done
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01129-00323055-00323382 questions all those people that were
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01130-00323383-00323551 super confused
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01131-00323552-00323934 if you're still be brave be honest
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01132-00323935-00324247 if you're still confused it's okay
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01133-00324248-00324791 put your hands up
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01134-00324792-00324999 okay so i got confusion confu i got
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01135-00325000-00325175 three people who are brave here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01136-00325176-00325534 one more brave brave bro
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01137-00325535-00325854 john okay confusion confused
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01138-00325855-00326423 okay wow that's like eight people okay
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01139-00326424-00326654 okay question of those people who are
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01140-00326655-00326775 confused
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01141-00326776-00327167 are you confused by functions
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01142-00327168-00327382 what they get as inputs or what and what
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01143-00327383-00327575 they get as outputs any of those three
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01144-00327576-00327687 things
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01145-00327688-00327863 is that clear that functions are code
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01146-00327864-00328030 you can call them give them inputs they
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01147-00328031-00328158 get outputs
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01148-00328159-00328487 is that part clear are you
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01149-00328488-00328806 confused by variable scoping if you're
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01150-00328807-00328991 confused by variable scoping put your
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01151-00328992-00329599 hands up
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01152-00329600-00329878 as in by variable scoping again i simply
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01153-00329879-00329951 mean
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01154-00329952-00330134 from what part of the code you can
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01155-00330135-00330319 reference a variable
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01156-00330320-00330495 that's what i mean by variables if you
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01157-00330496-00330639 have the same variable with different
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01158-00330640-00330767 you know the same name in different
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01159-00330768-00330919 parts
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01160-00330920-00331119 which variable are you using this is
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01161-00331120-00331351 what i mean by scoping
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01162-00331352-00331703 is that confusing to anyone
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01163-00331704-00332151 good yeah good okay two people okay
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01164-00332152-00332358 is the confusion that functions can
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01165-00332359-00332503 return functions
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01166-00332504-00332919 hands up if that's confusing
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01167-00332920-00333127 so what are you confused about it seems
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01168-00333128-00333334 like you're like i'm confused which part
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01169-00333335-00333454 no
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01170-00333455-00333719 that's entangled confuse them now okay
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01171-00333720-00333958 no problem no problem
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01172-00333959-00335127 you have a question
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01173-00335128-00335399 yeah okay so computers will only do what
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01174-00335400-00335582 you ask of them
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01175-00335583-00335871 and unless you say print it will not
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01176-00335872-00335999 print
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01177-00336000-00336239 are we saying print no no so the only
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01178-00336240-00336447 way
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01179-00336448-00336663 yeah for now yeah i mean in javascript
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01180-00336664-00336751 you can like
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01181-00336752-00336927 print to the html and stuff like that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01182-00336928-00337134 we'll do that later for now just console
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01183-00337135-00337527 log yep
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01184-00337528-00337830 john wow that's a cake
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01185-00337831-00338175 what else if it's that simple
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01186-00338176-00338495 housekeeper
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01187-00338496-00338719 no other questions okay the whole
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01188-00338720-00338910 question was about console logging if
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01189-00338911-00338943 you
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01190-00338944-00339103 don't console log it won't actually
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01191-00339104-00339623 print anything oh i'm sorry yes
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01192-00339624-00340167 can you do variable scoping
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01193-00340168-00340303 sorry you're really far away can you
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01194-00340304-00340719 skip
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01195-00340720-00340878 oh you want me to do the show you the
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01196-00340879-00341095 scoping stuff in this code here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01197-00341096-00341406 yeah okay yeah absolutely of course
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01198-00341407-00342023 okay so look
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01199-00342024-00342223 we passed this function here which goes
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01200-00342224-00342334 here right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01201-00342335-00342527 hang on let me get the thing is this is
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01202-00342528-00342751 too easy let me give you something like
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01203-00342752-00343119 imagine you have a const funk here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01204-00343120-00343303 which does nothing and then you have a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01205-00343304-00343510 const a here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01206-00343511-00343910 okay so you have these two
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01207-00343911-00344103 values represented here by variables
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01208-00344104-00344495 right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01209-00344496-00344815 but then when you call f you give this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01210-00344816-00344958 to this local
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01211-00344959-00345358 variable so this function goes into that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01212-00345359-00345863 so func represents this function here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01213-00345864-00346175 then it returns this function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01214-00346176-00346503 which gets stored inside of z
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01215-00346504-00346743 then when you call z with a one it comes
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01216-00346744-00346927 here a takes one
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01217-00346928-00347223 when we come here to see funk is funk
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01218-00347224-00347447 anywhere inside of here declared inside
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01219-00347448-00347830 of there yes or no
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01220-00347831-00348191 stephan no
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01221-00348192-00348487 okay so we go up one was function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01222-00348488-00348743 declared anywhere here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01223-00348744-00349087 yeah right there so it takes this one
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01224-00349088-00349295 it does not keep going and take the one
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01225-00349296-00349415 up there that i made
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01226-00349416-00349623 it takes this one because it comes
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01227-00349624-00349878 sooner
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01228-00349879-00350806 was that what you were looking for yeah
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01229-00350807-00350958 log will write to the console
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01230-00350959-00351134 document.write will actually write into
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01231-00351135-00351327 your html
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01232-00351328-00351534 yeah so literally the document the
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01233-00351535-00351727 actual one the part that you can see
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01234-00351728-00351951 with console log you have to open up the
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01235-00351952-00352127 like the inspector or whatever
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01236-00352128-00352303 the chrome devtools go to console and
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01237-00352304-00352678 then see it there
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01238-00352679-00352982 other questions
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01239-00352983-00353887 okay so here's one here's a tricky one
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01240-00353888-00354367 okay watch this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01241-00354368-00354630 so people fail this during interviews
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01242-00354631-00354815 all the time
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01243-00354816-00354958 if you're ever going to go to a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01244-00354959-00355199 javascript interview know this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01245-00355200-00355743 because i ask this question watch this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01246-00355744-00356982 there is a constant
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01247-00356983-00357271 so this is the only part you need what
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01248-00357272-00358758 is the value that you get back
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01249-00358759-00359063 do we have one of these oh we do
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01250-00359064-00359278 all right i heard a five hands up if you
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01251-00359279-00359567 think it's a five
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01252-00359568-00359967 okay so five gets a one okay
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01253-00359968-00360127 what's another value you think it might
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01254-00360128-00360287 be
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01255-00360288-00360503 two all right hands up if you think it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01256-00360504-00360710 could be a two
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01257-00360711-00361127 one two where's the original guy
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01258-00361128-00361478 three four all right four
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01259-00361479-00361782 any other numbers so everyone
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01260-00361783-00361958 so we got one person who think it's a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01261-00361959-00362134 five four people it's a two and everyone
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01262-00362135-00362223 else just
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01263-00362224-00362682 goes for the ride
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01264-00362683-00362967 okay
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01265-00362968-00363254 no problem so here's the here's the
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01266-00363255-00363310 trick
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01267-00363311-00363710 remember what i told you the function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01268-00363711-00363991 so here's the trick it's not where it's
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01269-00363992-00364119 called
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01270-00364120-00364478 it's where it's declared that matters
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01271-00364479-00364639 in other words it's where you make the
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01272-00364640-00364934 function not where you use it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01273-00364935-00365239 this function was made here not there it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01274-00365240-00365327 was made
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01275-00365328-00365663 here right is there a b
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01276-00365664-00366271 here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01277-00366272-00366599 you get it so it returns a one a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01278-00366600-00366927 is a one one plus one is two so the four
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01279-00366928-00367078 people that raised their hand
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01280-00367079-00367415 good job jen
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01281-00367416-00367751 is that clear people often think it's
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01282-00367752-00367839 this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01283-00367840-00368087 they think okay it's running here it's
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01284-00368088-00368182 looking for a b
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01285-00368183-00368367 there's no b here so it goes up and
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01286-00368368-00368558 finds this right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01287-00368559-00368710 you can almost think of that it's it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01288-00368711-00368895 makes somewhat logical sense
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01289-00368896-00369199 but wrong it's based on where it's made
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01290-00369200-00369495 where it's declared it's declared here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01291-00369496-00369623 therefore it's this b
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01292-00369624-00370054 here even though it runs there
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01293-00370055-00370951 makes sense it's a good question to know
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01294-00370952-00371415 questions so far
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01295-00371416-00373882 all right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01296-00373883-00375351 so
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01297-00375352-00375767 uh those who you know who you are just
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01298-00375768-00376110 don't say anything
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01299-00376111-00376495 anyone else you know okay good we got
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01300-00376496-00376951 what do you think it is eight okay
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01301-00376952-00377254 i got a two okay hang on i gotta
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01302-00377255-00377719 i like this another competition
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01303-00377720-00378023 all right so i got an eight
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01304-00378024-00378391 i got a two somewhere sorry you take it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01305-00378392-00378487 back
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01306-00378488-00378830 come on man oh me
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01307-00378831-00379143 you too oh i'm sorry the answer is me
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01308-00379144-00379191 too
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01309-00379192-00379534 what uh anyone else
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01310-00379535-00379871 okay you think it's eight and you are
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01311-00379872-00380023 right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01312-00380024-00380471 yes javascript is awesome all right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01313-00380472-00380806 so look we call v with a three
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01314-00380807-00381815 so a takes a 3 right remember this
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01315-00381816-00382895 hang on
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01316-00382896-00383623 what's the value now
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01317-00383624-00383951 is it me too uh
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01318-00383952-00384287 it didn't change so let me explain why
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01319-00384288-00384478 again remember it's not where it's
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01320-00384479-00384727 called it's where it's declared
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01321-00384728-00385006 that matters the declaration is where
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01322-00385007-00385175 you start with when you go
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01323-00385176-00385558 finding the variable so when you call v
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01324-00385559-00385671 with a three
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01325-00385672-00385982 a takes a three right you then
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01326-00385983-00386230 declare which is a fancy way of saying
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01327-00386231-00386334 make
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01328-00386335-00386567 a function right so you make a function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01329-00386568-00386734 you declare a function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01330-00386735-00387078 here we made the function here not there
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01331-00387079-00387423 made it here right if we made it here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01332-00387424-00387687 that means when you're looking for a you
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01333-00387688-00387727 go
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01334-00387728-00388063 up here and you find that one
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01335-00388064-00388447 you don't go up here it's made here so
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01336-00388448-00388687 you go up there
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01337-00388688-00389039 make sense okay and if you think about
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01338-00389040-00389182 it for yourselves
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01339-00389183-00389351 it's easier to think about because you
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01340-00389352-00389510 can see the code
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01341-00389511-00389743 you see the code it's here so if you
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01342-00389744-00389919 want to go up you just go up
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01343-00389920-00390199 don't go finding how it's used you see
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01344-00390200-00390382 the declaration of the function just go
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01345-00390383-00390415 up
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01346-00390416-00390823 and you can see what's above it okay
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01347-00390824-00391047 okay and then b is obviously this one
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01348-00391048-00391310 which is the five right passed into b
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01349-00391311-00391567 and then it's that a plus that b which
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01350-00391568-00391910 is that three plus that five
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01351-00391911-00392758 eight yes
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01352-00392759-00393030 good question very good question so
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01353-00393031-00393406 suppose we change this to a z
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01354-00393407-00394254 now we get a 26. you're right why
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01355-00394255-00394639 so the reason is
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01356-00394640-00394830 notice how this function here gets
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01357-00394831-00395015 called way down here so
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01358-00395016-00395295 after a has been made and b has been
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01359-00395296-00395343 made
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01360-00395344-00395623 right so because a and b have already
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01361-00395624-00395743 been made
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01362-00395744-00396054 they are in this bigger scope
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01363-00396055-00396295 right so when we start here we say okay
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01364-00396296-00396510 there's no a sorry there's no b
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01365-00396511-00396727 we go up here there's no b when we go up
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01366-00396728-00396991 to this level here
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01367-00396992-00397295 this level here b is
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01368-00397296-00397647 in that level in this level
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01369-00397648-00398110 make sense
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01370-00398111-00398463 okay
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01371-00398464-00399082 how much time do we have oh two minutes
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01372-00399083-00399263 okay
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01373-00399264-00399582 let's do recursion quickly so what is
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01374-00399583-00399863 recursion
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01375-00399864-00400151 yeah it's recursion step reoccurring
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01376-00400152-00400199 right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01377-00400200-00400502 the function reoccurs it's recursion to
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01378-00400503-00400599 understand recursion
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01379-00400600-00400919 you have to know recursion okay so
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01380-00400920-00401423 const f
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01381-00401424-00401799 um takes an a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01382-00401800-00402206 here's what i want to do listen
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01383-00402207-00402454 i want a function that will return to me
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01384-00402455-00402663 a string
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01385-00402664-00402919 the string will have stars in it like
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01386-00402920-00403063 that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01387-00403064-00403551 right or like that or like that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01388-00403552-00403734 so the way i would do that is i would
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01389-00403735-00403863 just say return
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01390-00403864-00404215 that right and then i would just call f
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01391-00404216-00404382 and that would give me stars that i can
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01392-00404383-00404854 then sol dot log
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01393-00404855-00405078 and there they are right so i've taken
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01394-00405079-00405247 these stars that i had returned and i
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01395-00405248-00405343 logged it to get
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01396-00405344-00405702 stars yes here's the trick
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01397-00405703-00406030 i want to give it a value like a 9 and i
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01398-00406031-00406095 want to say
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01399-00406096-00406351 print or give me a string that has that
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01400-00406352-00406447 many stars
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01401-00406448-00406775 inside of it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01402-00406776-00406951 other than the people who were at office
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01403-00406952-00407078 hours
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01404-00407079-00407263 does anyone have a yeah you were at
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01405-00407264-00407399 officer other
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01406-00407400-00407623 do you have a solution for me raise your
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01407-00407624-00407823 hand if you do
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01408-00407824-00408110 yes so the goal is to have your function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01409-00408111-00408167 return
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01410-00408168-00408510 a string with stars in it the number of
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01411-00408511-00408582 stars
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01412-00408583-00408871 in the string have to be determined by
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01413-00408872-00409151 this number so if i give it a 9 i get a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01414-00409152-00409334 string with 9 stars in it if i give it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01415-00409335-00409430 100
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01416-00409431-00409759 i want a string with 100 stars in it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01417-00409760-00410063 i have another one hang on another one
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01418-00410064-00410407 another one
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01419-00410408-00410582 okay hang on hang on do you have a do
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01420-00410583-00410751 you do you have a solution
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01421-00410752-00410943 you do okay put your hand up all right
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01422-00410943-00411070 so one two
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01423-00411071-00411391 three four five six
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01424-00411392-00411766 not bad okay you put your hands up
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01425-00411767-00412143 you put your hand up first can i uh no
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01426-00412143-00413934 yeah yes sir
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01427-00413935-00414182 okay so tell me how what you mean by put
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01428-00414183-00414359 so okay so let's write exactly what
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01429-00414360-00414463 you're saying
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01430-00414464-00414807 so you're saying if a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01431-00414808-00415078 is greater than zero is that what you
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01432-00415079-00415159 said okay
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01433-00415160-00415863 now what then what
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01434-00415864-00416191 uh so
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01435-00416192-00416678 okay i should so let me add a constraint
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01436-00416679-00416982 oh man we're already over out of time
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01437-00416983-00417174 okay someone quick give me an answer
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01438-00417175-00417343 don't modify without modifying a
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01439-00417343-00417759 variable go
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01440-00417760-00418166 if a is less than nine call the function
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01441-00418167-00418710 with a plus plus one
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01442-00418712-00418847 it's going to be an infinite right 9
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01443-00418847-00418999 times 11 12. it's never going to be less
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01444-00419000-00419543 than 9.
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01445-00419543-00419718 then how do i know but i want it i want
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01446-00419719-00419895 to decide what the value is by the
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01447-00419896-00419999 argument
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01448-00420000-00420191 i want to say give me 100 and you give
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01449-00420192-00420510 me 100 stars i want to see
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01450-00420512-00420639 all right we got people waiting don't
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01451-00420639-00421070 worry about it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01452-00421071-00421279 okay good all good answers so think
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01453-00421280-00421463 about this problem and we'll discuss it
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01454-00421464-00421639 the day after tomorrow thank you so much
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01455-00421639-00421791 for coming
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01456-00421792-00422110 i took off karen jam
+YEpV_QiOIgu-01457-00422112-00422696 alpha bravo good job
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00000-00000110-00000494 okay that's someone B which is still on
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00001-00000495-00000857 the 2019 emergency technology discussion
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00002-00000858-00001106 and also looks with some other hype
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00003-00001107-00001425 cycles for 2019 so it's this is a
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00004-00001426-00001705 totally new presentation from last year
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00005-00001707-00002114 I discovered the previous year's ones
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00006-00002115-00002822 and put them in the one see in 1d so the
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00007-00002823-00003118 first slide here the set of slides
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00008-00003119-00003345 actually goes through the technologies
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00009-00003346-00003659 those that had it those were removed and
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00010-00003660-00003949 those that kept on going here we have a
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00011-00003950-00004288 and I actually derived the right divided
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00012-00004289-00004556 them up into types some large number
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00013-00004557-00004904 which I think and largely AI adaptive
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00014-00004905-00005161 machine learning the sonification
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00015-00005162-00005525 synthetic data transfer learning the
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00016-00005526-00005774 motion AI just going whether you're
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00017-00005775-00006116 happy or unhappy explainable AI when you
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00018-00006117-00006431 feed something into a billion way neuron
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00019-00006431-00006592 that it's not quite obvious why them
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00020-00006593-00006946 know when that makes that decision to
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00021-00006947-00007117 the rate of adversarial networks
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00022-00007118-00007520 generate copies of the objects which are
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00023-00007520-00007889 distorted or not not so real and that's
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00024-00007890-00008102 very powerful graph I'll let you break
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00025-00008103-00008282 difficult feel that's one of the hardest
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00026-00008283-00008578 fields in computer science my office of
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00027-00008579-00008791 very the algorithms are very tricky
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00028-00008792-00009067 they're hard to make run fast and hard
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00029-00009068-00009335 to find in the first place augmented
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00030-00009336-00009527 intelligence which is the adding of
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00031-00009528-00010081 machine learning to people learning here
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00032-00010082-00010360 we have the went to in the Augmented a
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00033-00010361-00010714 virtual reality area and for in the
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00034-00010715-00010988 systems an AI area starting with the
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00035-00010989-00011306 systems and yeah plus AI everything has
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00036-00011307-00011630 AI the autonomous organization that's a
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00037-00011631-00012031 distributed system which has AI enabling
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00038-00012032-00012284 its functionality the centralized web
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00039-00012285-00012556 which is your personal operating system
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00040-00012557-00012793 of the future to let you control the web
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00041-00012794-00013247 digital operations which is the
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00042-00013249-00013569 using entirely digitized businesses edge
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00043-00013569-00014076 analytics running that machine learning
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00044-00014077-00014358 club which is which would rather take
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00045-00014359-00014585 several days to train on the cloud
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00046-00014586-00014835 running there in a few milliseconds on
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00047-00014836-00015033 the edge that's not trivial the
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00048-00015034-00015194 mothership workstations that were
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00049-00015196-00015411 getting onto the UM when to them virtual
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00050-00015412-00015980 reality had it and that's obviously the
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00051-00015981-00016260 environment which you indulge in either
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00052-00016261-00016545 augmented reality of virtuality the AR
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00053-00016546-00016802 cloud is a special augmented reality
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00054-00016803-00017091 concept of actually generating a digital
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00055-00017092-00017871 twin of the physical world well here we
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00056-00017872-00018096 have five in the census in Hardware area
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00057-00018097-00018489 the 3d sensing camera the low Earth
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00058-00018490-00018849 orbit satellite to enable high-speed
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00059-00018850-00019128 mobile broadband and enable the
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00060-00019129-00019314 intelligent edge to work throughout the
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00061-00019315-00019797 world nanoscale 3d printing to produce
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00062-00019798-00020235 my miniature 3d very powerful normal
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00063-00020236-00020493 objects next generation memory I have
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00064-00020494-00020742 already discussed it's important it's
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00065-00020743-00020955 essentially bringing taking this
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00066-00020956-00021261 technology and really focusing it as
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00067-00021262-00021540 memory technology because especially
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00068-00021541-00021723 actually in deep learning and the other
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00069-00021724-00021909 machine learning their raw memory
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00070-00021910-00022236 intensive and then we have the like
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00071-00022237-00022458 cargo delivery drones and so now our
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00072-00022459-00022793 Amazon deliver everything is something
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00073-00022794-00023028 make it even harder they get your
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00074-00023029-00023496 shopping mall to survive here we have
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00075-00023497-00023874 ones that were present in 2018 and still
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00076-00023875-00024278 present in 2019 knowledge graphs AI
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00077-00024279-00024438 platform-as-a-service
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00078-00024439-00024951 a ji and 5g that were present not
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00079-00024952-00025131 sharing their present Misha and they all
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00080-00025132-00025392 should be here there is some very
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00081-00025393-00026256 important innovations
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00082-00026257-00026529 here we have things that went from
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00083-00026530-00026839 2018-2019 and three in the census of
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00084-00026839-00027223 mobility area the to automata strivings
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00085-00027224-00027529 level four level five is depressing the
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00086-00027530-00027847 level four is already ten years late ten
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00087-00027848-00028063 years out boys of course hopefully
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00088-00028064-00028258 people thought level four was a couple
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00089-00028258-00028504 of years and level five five years that
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00090-00028505-00028795 was the original hope and there's this
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00091-00028795-00028952 organization called sae international
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00092-00028954-00029233 engineering or international
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00093-00029233-00029470 collaboration has set thee to find these
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00094-00029470-00029802 names and then we have flying autonomous
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00095-00029804-00030258 vehicles and these are aircraft piloted
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00096-00030260-00030454 by artificial intelligence and we know
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00097-00030455-00030682 all about drones from discussions
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00098-00030683-00030976 between the military services of various
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00099-00030977-00031501 countries which we see you know internet
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00100-00031502-00031977 news feeds here we have two from the
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00101-00031979-00032491 Augmented human biotech artificial
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00102-00032492-00032815 tissue bio chips which are implanted to
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00103-00032816-00033166 an arm allow me to my vision to improve
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00104-00033167-00033712 of my hearing to improve my way to run a
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00105-00033713-00033907 mile in three minutes and so on whatever
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00106-00033908-00034189 this technology allows me to do pretty
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00107-00034190-00034942 good I like it we have 26 technologies
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00108-00034943-00035173 were removed we gained twenty and lost
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00109-00035174-00035386 twenty six I says a little smaller than
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00110-00035387-00035941 last year if you look at them quantum
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00111-00035942-00036586 computing I would have kept why they
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00112-00036587-00036862 kept autonomous robots these we cover
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00113-00036863-00037018 them all the robots how they kept at
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00114-00037019-00037267 least one of them I consider deep
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00115-00037268-00037540 learning should have been kept even
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00116-00037541-00037687 though they kept some parts of deep
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00117-00037688-00037858 learning deep learning itself - still
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00118-00037859-00038125 needs a lot of important work they're
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00119-00038126-00038284 going to be many startups just
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00120-00038285-00038524 developing all new approaches to cosmic
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00121-00038525-00038776 deep learning whether it be new chips
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00122-00038777-00039202 new software new algorithms say David's
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00123-00039203-00039292 actually said the
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00124-00039293-00039507 17 like decline not that they were
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00125-00039508-00039787 they'd actually mature then jumped off
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00126-00039788-00040057 the plateau of productivity they just
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00127-00040058-00040171 needed room
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00128-00040172-00040417 so this said these are not as exciting
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00129-00040418-00040756 to me as the other ones he gained 20 but
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00130-00040757-00041098 we lost 17 9 they genuinely thought that
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00131-00041099-00041346 actually making our progress like
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00132-00041347-00041629 digital twin on with the reality that
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00133-00041630-00041902 they shouldn't be anymore their int
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00134-00041903-00042177 platform I should say that some of these
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00135-00042178-00042462 things which are not on the emerging
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00136-00042463-00042736 technology type cycle or on other hype
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00137-00042737-00043162 circles so they're not lost forever like
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00138-00043163-00043345 flower computing itself is on how the
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00139-00043346-00043708 hyper if we look at the hype cycle for
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00140-00043709-00044026 artificial intelligence we actually even
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00141-00044027-00044202 have quantum computing here because it
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00142-00044203-00044410 actually gets used to do quantum
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00143-00044411-00044602 annealing maybe that's why they put it
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00144-00044603-00044790 up there it doesn't break I don't quite
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00145-00044791-00045010 see it being that useful for AI apart
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00146-00045011-00045217 from quantum annealing which it is
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00147-00045218-00045418 pretty interesting form we have digital
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00148-00045419-00045754 ethics GPU accelerated that's Nvidia
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00149-00045755-00045931 that's my stock price has gone up well
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00150-00045932-00046249 that's Bitcoin class GPU based deep
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00151-00046250-00046552 learning is by Nvidia's done well but
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00152-00046553-00046848 Intel with CPUs are fighting back and
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00153-00046849-00047037 actually some people think they're
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00154-00047038-00047245 better than GPUs except that Intel
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00155-00047246-00047398 doesn't sell you them so it's that's
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00156-00047399-00047910 life here we have a ji smart robots
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00157-00047911-00048574 chatbots automatic hyper finding of
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00158-00048575-00048727 hyper parameters for machine learning
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00159-00048728-00049027 ethics here we have the basic deep
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00160-00049028-00049300 learning here we have the graph on Linux
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00161-00049301-00049546 which is actually also in the emerging
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00162-00049547-00049743 technology and the even basic machine
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00163-00049744-00050005 learning I would actually put a much
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00164-00050006-00050202 bigger distance between deep learning a
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00165-00050203-00050362 machine that machine nothing's a
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00166-00050363-00050565 well-established field and outside
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00167-00050566-00050790 graphs and deep learning is not making
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00168-00050791-00051015 much progress natural language
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00169-00051016-00051187 processing that should be separate it's
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00170-00051188-00051366 a very important one of the greatest
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00171-00051367-00051679 successes of deep learning FPGA
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00172-00051679-00052014 accelerators well that's some sort of
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00173-00052015-00052269 possible approach since reading up
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00174-00052270-00052462 things I don't think it will be
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00175-00052463-00052837 it's too difficult computer vision has
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00176-00052838-00053088 made huge progress I appointed that we
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00177-00053089-00053304 won we have a trillion photos taken a
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00178-00053305-00053556 year so let's allow us the whole fear
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00179-00053557-00053730 the computer vision has gone from a
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00180-00053732-00054154 slowly longing field into the express
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00181-00054154-00054487 going faster than the speed of night AI
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00182-00054488-00054829 clouds neuromorphic hardware that
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00183-00054829-00055015 specialized hardware we're making the
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00184-00055016-00055372 brain and so on artificial general
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00185-00055373-00055624 intelligence the ultimate goal though
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00186-00055625-00055849 the machine that really can think like
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00187-00055850-00056082 humans good that's what our official
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00188-00056083-00056629 trailer and general intelligences okay
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00189-00056629-00056848 here we have the priority matrix for
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00190-00056849-00057223 those AI innovations that we have in the
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00191-00057224-00057612 previous slide and we have things which
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00192-00057613-00057811 are transformational pretty nearly done
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00193-00057812-00057961 that speech recognition I think most
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00194-00057962-00058230 people agree that that's a pretty robust
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00195-00058232-00058597 field GPU accelerators I think that's
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00196-00058598-00058975 already solved quantum computing we
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00197-00058976-00059154 finally got it you see it's here it is
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00198-00059155-00059475 but this more than 10 years it's
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00199-00059476-00059650 significance I quote the computing for
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00200-00059651-00060097 AI is not so clear it's maintained they
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00201-00060098-00060354 say quantum annealing works and that's a
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00202-00060355-00060618 machine learning that's a optimization
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00203-00060619-00060987 technique for some possible value but
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00204-00060988-00061285 it's no kind of replace your basic deep
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00205-00061286-00061500 learning here we have autonomous
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00206-00061501-00061653 vehicles more than 10 years
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00207-00061654-00061905 transformational of course artificial
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00208-00061906-00062041 general intelligence will be
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00209-00062041-00062301 transformational and hopefully is more
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00210-00062302-00062440 than 10 years because we really don't
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00211-00062441-00062805 want to be replaced by by machines
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00212-00062806-00063066 before we're ready to do it
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00213-00063066-00063490 neuromorphic hardware it's not actually
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00214-00063491-00063736 knows how important that is it's never
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00215-00063737-00063991 known how special important specialized
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00216-00063991-00064216 hardware is it all depends the
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00217-00064216-00064411 algorithms are very stable then you can
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00218-00064412-00064624 well specialized hardware to mimic them
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00219-00064625-00064849 if the algorithms like they are now are
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00220-00064850-00065043 changing overnight then you start so
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00221-00065044-00065425 easy here we have a ji where we're
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00222-00065426-00065622 trying to get the
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00223-00065623-00065970 get that low latency response but still
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00224-00065971-00066120 accurate we have the deep learning
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00225-00066121-00066330 itself which I think will last more than
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00226-00066331-00066624 five years because there's so many deep
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00227-00066625-00066828 things to be studied well I shouldn't
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00228-00066829-00067083 say teach so many difficult profound
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00229-00067084-00067290 things to be understood about deep
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00230-00067291-00067725 bloody AI cloud services I would think
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00231-00067726-00067896 is much easier than deep learning we
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00232-00067897-00068088 know either the way iCloud service is
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00233-00068089-00068277 just a question of beating a few people
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00234-00068278-00068568 over the head and then stalling services
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00235-00068569-00068999 making taking every kinds of flower
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00236-00069000-00069216 implementations making them a service
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00237-00069217-00069537 and make our Python code in about their
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00238-00069538-00069813 services so it's not difficult and I
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00239-00069814-00069978 plan for my service what I've told you
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00240-00069979-00070319 my flat board says Python class services
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00241-00070320-00070563 digital ethics yes that's up and
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00242-00070564-00070869 expandable AI knows slightly soft areas
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00243-00070870-00071094 are pretty important crops I've already
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00244-00071095-00071307 told you how important crops are and
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00245-00071308-00071514 graph analytics is what operates our
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00246-00071515-00071618 knowledge graphs
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00247-00071619-00071838 reinforcement learning very important
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00248-00071839-00072201 whether I hit or I'm sure it's more
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00249-00072202-00072546 important cognitive computing whether
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00250-00072547-00072864 it's more important and whether they
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00251-00072865-00073389 taught haven't got these people don't
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00252-00073390-00073830 seem to have generative adversarial
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00253-00073831-00074106 networks interesting whereas the actual
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00254-00074107-00074418 main emerging technology had to show you
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00255-00074419-00074643 the different term analysts have
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00256-00074644-00074867 different prejudices computer vision
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00257-00074868-00075150 well I'm not certain what we solved in
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00258-00075151-00075321 five years but it's certainly making
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00259-00075322-00075780 huge progress specialize in the gradient
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00260-00075781-00075930 circuits from deep learning can
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00261-00075931-00076077 certainly meet under that time our
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00262-00076078-00076290 useful they are when they have to be
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00263-00076291-00076551 done I don't know automatic finding of a
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00264-00076552-00076752 certain type of parameters for machine
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00265-00076753-00076968 learning that can be done probably in
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00266-00076969-00077585 five years all right so here we are and
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00267-00077586-00077871 this sort of gives you an idea I said I
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00268-00077872-00078000 can tell you you can say from my
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00269-00078001-00078162 discussion that I think some of these
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00270-00078163-00078369 are pretty fuzzy and I wouldn't trust me
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00271-00078370-00078489 and me but then I
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00272-00078490-00078762 think these away off I would just juggle
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00273-00078763-00079449 them around a bit here we have the hype
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00274-00079450-00079746 cycle for cloud computing here I'm much
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00275-00079747-00080001 more I think this is actually an easier
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00276-00080002-00080211 one to do because dragon bending is so
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00277-00080212-00080700 robust here it is here that it's up the
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00278-00080701-00080994 slope of enlightenment and here is the
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00279-00080995-00081257 main mission of Technology making
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00280-00081258-00081474 applications run as a service software
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00281-00081475-00081782 applications and here we have we use
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00282-00081783-00082173 platform as a service and infrastructure
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00283-00082174-00082446 as a service to implement that you still
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00284-00082447-00082659 have here exciting things like 7s
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00285-00082660-00082959 computing at the top of being rated
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00286-00082960-00083349 their expectations we have what I think
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00287-00083350-00083549 is pretty interesting the service mesh
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00288-00083550-00084036 which is the technology at larger to
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00289-00084037-00084171 connect a whole bunch of services
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00290-00084172-00084534 together and with communication and
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00291-00084535-00084994 management and automatic elasticity
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00292-00084995-00085275 cloud native is important that's the way
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00293-00085276-00085512 into program clouds in the way that
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00294-00085513-00085650 really takes advantage of their
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00295-00085651-00085914 structure blockchain secure Ledger's
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00296-00085915-00086153 distributed ledger is pretty important
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00297-00086154-00086487 cloudlets is the basic edge computing
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00298-00086488-00086691 technology whose their name for it I'm
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00299-00086692-00086874 not everybody even call it cloud that I
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00300-00086875-00087147 wouldn't call it rather lobby cloud see
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00301-00087148-00087546 we have the technologies to support lots
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00302-00087547-00087696 of clouds all of these things will
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00303-00087697-00088056 describe in the cloud computing unit IOT
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00304-00088057-00088272 platform that's off the chart in the
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00305-00088273-00088584 emerging technologies it's relevant from
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00306-00088585-00088773 cloud computing because the intelligent
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00307-00088774-00089028 cloud talks the intelligent edge and the
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00308-00089029-00089364 IOT platform must be similar must know
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00309-00089365-00089565 about the intelligent cloud that do the
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00310-00089566-00090107 right things
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00311-00090108-00090399 and here we have the priority matrix for
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00312-00090400-00090729 that and we have at the top cloud coming
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00313-00090730-00090926 up the two basic ones at the top in less
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00314-00090927-00091242 than two years as computing platform as
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00315-00091243-00091709 a service whether these things I would
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00316-00091710-00091856 I think these are actually
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00317-00091857-00092066 straightforward AI platform isomers
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00318-00092067-00092195 they're not difficult they won't take
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00319-00092196-00092402 five years well then you take five years
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00320-00092403-00092591 because people don't agree you can
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00321-00092592-00092729 selling me down there much less than
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00322-00092730-00093080 five years cloudlets what I like I think
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00323-00093081-00093158 it's harder than AI
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00324-00093159-00093422 platform-as-a-service because we don't
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00325-00093423-00093743 quite know what it is containers and
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00326-00093744-00093914 their management is critical it will be
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00327-00093915-00094205 sold in five years infrastructure as a
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00328-00094206-00094475 service well it's sort of already sort
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00329-00094476-00094775 of song multi-cloud won't go as far as
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00330-00094776-00094933 it can in less than five years
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00331-00094934-00095195 cloudbursting going from private to
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00332-00095196-00095453 public clouds yeah we can certainly do
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00333-00095454-00095686 that private cloud computing you can do
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00334-00095687-00095921 except people won't be happy about that
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00335-00095922-00096299 blockchain we can do a game that just
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00336-00096300-00096746 needs deployment experience server list
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00337-00096747-00096935 I'm gonna rated seven this is more than
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00338-00096936-00097073 what really important because it
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00339-00097074-00097289 actually is the right way to do
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00340-00097290-00097442 infrastructure as a service because
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00341-00097443-00097568 nobody once they're worried about
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00342-00097569-00097808 infrastructure and that's what service
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00343-00097809-00098093 does it it automatically deploys the
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00344-00098094-00098402 services and software it doesn't worry
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00345-00098403-00098780 about just deciding exactly which
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00346-00098781-00099026 computers use it just looks around the
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00347-00099027-00099232 running computers and finds the emptiest
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00348-00099233-00099571 and so it does it all automatically and
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00349-00099572-00099863 then amazon now see because it uses up
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00350-00099864-00100127 spare cycles the users love it because
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00351-00100128-00100343 it's cheaper and it's only charged by
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00352-00100344-00100649 the by the time used is not charged with
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00353-00100650-00100850 minimum charges of an hour or so much a
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00354-00100851-00101171 real machine is alright so that's the
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00355-00101172-00101480 end of lesson one B which is the
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00356-00101481-00101843 discussion of the 2019 hype cycles we
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00357-00101844-00102008 all know next two lessons you can almost
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00358-00102009-00102149 skip because they're just previous
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00359-00102150-00102238 year's
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00360-00102239-00102554 discussions of technology cycles
+YEqXrGv1pZI-00361-00102555-00102857 thank you very much
+YG27SVAtmyo-00000-00000005-00001495 [Music]
+YG27SVAtmyo-00001-00001496-00001898 come
+YG27SVAtmyo-00002-00001898-00002403 [Applause]
+YG27SVAtmyo-00003-00002404-00002883 [Music]
+YG27SVAtmyo-00004-00002884-00003151 is
+YG27SVAtmyo-00005-00003152-00004311 [Music]
+YG27SVAtmyo-00006-00004312-00004393 i
+YG27SVAtmyo-00007-00004394-00005107 [Music]
+YG27SVAtmyo-00008-00005108-00007083 [Music]
+YG27SVAtmyo-00009-00007084-00007351 is
+YG27SVAtmyo-00010-00007352-00007804 [Music]
+YG27SVAtmyo-00011-00007805-00008061 [Applause]
+YG27SVAtmyo-00012-00008062-00008446 [Music]
+YG27SVAtmyo-00013-00008447-00008558 their
+YG27SVAtmyo-00014-00008559-00010855 [Music]
+YG27SVAtmyo-00015-00010856-00011283 [Music]
+YG27SVAtmyo-00016-00011284-00011551 is
+YG27SVAtmyo-00017-00011552-00011760 you
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00000-00000079-00000366 so if you if you move from the
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00001-00000367-00000543 the promise of this saying you know i
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00002-00000544-00000751 can actually make an impact myself and
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00003-00000752-00000799 have
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00004-00000800-00001174 some control of the direction it takes
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00005-00001175-00001415 to the practical reality of starting a
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00006-00001416-00001574 company with no money
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00007-00001575-00001823 you know just with no customers with
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00008-00001823-00002023 with really no technology
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00009-00002023-00002231 but an idea that then has to be tested
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00010-00002232-00002342 and created
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00011-00002343-00002526 um and what has that journey been like
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00012-00002527-00002687 for you it's been was it a year and a
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00013-00002688-00002742 half now
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00014-00002743-00003007 yeah about a year and a half the journey
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00015-00003008-00003110 started really
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00016-00003111-00003327 as an idea for a product that i wanted
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00017-00003328-00003438 in my own life and i
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00018-00003439-00003606 went looking for it in the real world
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00019-00003607-00003831 tried lots of calculators online carbon
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00020-00003832-00004022 footprint tools
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00021-00004023-00004191 tried building my own excel spreadsheet
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00022-00004192-00004327 as a decision making
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00023-00004328-00004606 tool found them all to be frustrating or
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00024-00004607-00004806 in some way deficient
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00025-00004807-00004999 and really not fun because so much about
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00026-00005000-00005279 climate has been about guilt and shame
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00027-00005280-00005438 and so that was really the place that we
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00028-00005439-00005631 started my first step was to develop the
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00029-00005632-00005679 idea
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00030-00005680-00005975 on my own and i went to spaces where i
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00031-00005976-00006118 could apply lean startup method for
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00032-00006119-00006254 short periods of time
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00033-00006255-00006399 thinking through the idea coming up with
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00034-00006400-00006623 a short design version of what it could
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00035-00006623-00006687 look like
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00036-00006688-00006919 design only you know no no actual
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00037-00006920-00006991 building
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00038-00006992-00007151 testing it with a few friends testing it
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00039-00007152-00007287 with people going back to the drawing
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00040-00007288-00007423 board rewriting it out
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00041-00007423-00007559 until i got to the point where i had an
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00042-00007559-00007719 idea of what the tool could look like or
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00043-00007720-00007878 what a solution might look like to this
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00044-00007879-00008110 problem that i had defined
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00045-00008111-00008319 but i i knew i couldn't do it by myself
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00046-00008320-00008471 and i needed to go talk to other people
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00047-00008472-00008631 who knew about this um so i went to go
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00048-00008632-00008791 find people who had worked on data
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00049-00008792-00008959 who had worked on software development
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00050-00008960-00009255 around carbon footprinting tools
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00051-00009256-00009487 and then once we got a little bit of
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00052-00009488-00009671 initial grant money we had the ability
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00053-00009672-00009814 to actually build something and test it
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00054-00009815-00009967 with users so we did
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00055-00009968-00010238 a very small build we basically invested
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00056-00010239-00010319 three to four
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00057-00010320-00010478 weeks of intensive development
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00058-00010479-00010742 experience and work to build a very
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00059-00010743-00011031 minimum viable product of the app tested
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00060-00011032-00011231 that with about 50 to 100 users over the
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00061-00011232-00011423 course of several months
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00062-00011424-00011574 did really in-depth interviews to
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00063-00011575-00011767 understand what was working what wasn't
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00064-00011768-00011855 and then started
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00065-00011856-00011951 also understanding what could the
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00066-00011952-00012191 business models be around this
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00067-00012192-00012470 and only once we saw significant enough
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00068-00012471-00012535 interest
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00069-00012536-00012863 from the users high enough engagement um
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00070-00012863-00013151 and then significant enough paths to
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00071-00013152-00013327 revenue that we felt like we'd gotten
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00072-00013328-00013375 some
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00073-00013376-00013535 customer research that there would be
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00074-00013536-00013719 monetization on the other side of it
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00075-00013719-00013919 did we actually think about raising the
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00076-00013919-00014079 money to build it
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00077-00014080-00014391 so what's the you know what's the
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00078-00014391-00014591 process of raising money like you've
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00079-00014591-00014758 attended a number of classes
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00080-00014759-00014975 they've told you sort of what a vc is
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00081-00014976-00015183 and what term sheets look like and
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00082-00015184-00015319 you know first you do this then you do
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00083-00015319-00015494 that then you get the money then you
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00084-00015495-00015630 form informal board
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00085-00015631-00015775 you know what's that actual journey been
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00086-00015776-00015943 like um
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00087-00015944-00016158 what i learned was that you can know the
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00088-00016159-00016311 process but you don't know how to
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00089-00016312-00016439 actually raise money
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00090-00016440-00016694 so it's really helpful to know something
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00091-00016695-00016807 of the context of
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00092-00016808-00017015 what is a vc what are they looking for
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00093-00017016-00017158 what does a term sheet look like
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00094-00017159-00017327 it should be the 10 slides in your deck
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00095-00017328-00017471 all of those things are really valuable
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00096-00017472-00017558 but there is
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00097-00017559-00017727 absolutely from my experience at least
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00098-00017728-00017894 no substitute for just going out
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00099-00017895-00018094 and trying to raise money and failing
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00100-00018095-00018279 and then having to revise
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00101-00018280-00018567 yeah no amount of of reading can
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00102-00018568-00018735 substitute for the actual experience of
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00103-00018736-00018855 getting the feedback
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00104-00018856-00019079 and and having to go back to the drawing
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00105-00019080-00019167 board again
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00106-00019168-00019494 and re-explain yourself no yes
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00107-00019495-00019775 exactly so i think how i structured my
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00108-00019776-00019799 my
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00109-00019800-00019975 initial ideas we had a little grant
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00110-00019976-00020158 money we built out this mvp
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00111-00020159-00020303 i said okay great we're ready to go
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00112-00020304-00020550 raise money um i put together my 10
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00113-00020551-00020639 slide deck
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00114-00020640-00020919 and i can set up some meetings with
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00115-00020920-00021014 investors
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00116-00021015-00021175 i had i think something like eight or
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00117-00021176-00021350 nine meetings over the course of
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00118-00021351-00021575 two weeks scheduled every single one of
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00119-00021576-00021686 them said no
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00120-00021687-00021927 um and i felt extremely disheartened
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00121-00021928-00022055 after that i thought i had done all my
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00122-00022056-00022111 research
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00123-00022112-00022303 and i would be ready but after going
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00124-00022304-00022447 through that process and hearing
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00125-00022448-00022622 some of the same things from some people
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00126-00022623-00022822 i decided to change some of my deck
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00127-00022823-00022967 change how he's telling the story put
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00128-00022968-00023167 the team slide up front
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00129-00023168-00023439 be more have a stronger opinion about
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00130-00023440-00023599 which monetization channel was going to
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00131-00023600-00023719 come first so some of these things you
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00132-00023720-00023822 can only learn
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00133-00023823-00023942 when you're talking and getting real
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00134-00023943-00024142 feedback and then
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00135-00024143-00024342 also i kept hearing the need for more
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00136-00024343-00024583 data on on my users so instead of just
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00137-00024584-00024799 testing with what we initially tried was
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00138-00024800-00025030 20 users we had to increase to 50 or 100
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00139-00025031-00025191 users to start getting meaningful data
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00140-00025192-00025327 about what was working
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00141-00025328-00025463 and after we did that we spent another
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00142-00025464-00025606 couple months doing that then we went
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00143-00025607-00025767 out to raise money again
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00144-00025768-00026014 um and by that time i was a little bit
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00145-00026016-00026111 more successful
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00146-00026112-00026343 in raising from from angel investors and
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00147-00026344-00026502 then eventually from a vc
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00148-00026504-00026790 and i think the advice of first go to
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00149-00026791-00026918 the people that you don't think are
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00150-00026919-00027014 going to invest
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00151-00027016-00027174 and then later save the people that you
+YGLwGyR2C_4-00152-00027175-00027552 really want for later is great advice
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+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00023-00004792-00004975 need their grips
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00024-00004976-00005127 this is a lot but this is an outside
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+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00027-00005576-00005743 walkable roof up there
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00028-00005744-00005918 solid steps so it's going to be a little
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00029-00005919-00006047 bit harder for you to fall
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00030-00006048-00006167 while you're going up back yards
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00031-00006168-00006639 everywhere
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00032-00006640-00006814 so once you get inside of here you're
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00033-00006815-00006998 going to see a lot of counter space back
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00034-00007000-00007223 here for a 25 foot camper
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00035-00007223-00007455 uh you know you got all this back here a
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00036-00007456-00007670 really nice stove top but the nice thing
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00037-00007672-00007814 about that i like about this
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00038-00007815-00008006 is that you have tons of storage inside
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00039-00008008-00008359 of here
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00040-00008360-00008823 nice big sink also
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00041-00008824-00009183 good faucet so the pumas
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00042-00009184-00009463 also are going to run these 11 cubic
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00043-00009464-00009631 foot refrigerators so you're not going
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00044-00009632-00009695 to have to
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00045-00009696-00009999 take as many trips to the store what not
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00046-00010000-00010159 but then again you also have a good
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00047-00010160-00010510 sized freezer
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00048-00010511-00010727 more storage as always it's important to
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00049-00010728-00011063 have storage inside of these things
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00050-00011064-00011431 you got there down here also on that
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00051-00011432-00011687 side
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00052-00011688-00011967 this turns into a bed so go ahead and
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00053-00011968-00012038 follow me
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00054-00012039-00012335 but check this out so you got some
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00055-00012336-00012495 friends that just need to stay over for
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00056-00012496-00012583 the night
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00057-00012584-00012846 or you got you know some family that
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00058-00012847-00013158 come with you on a special trip
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00059-00013159-00013391 this is going to turn out into a huge
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00060-00013391-00013553 bed
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00061-00013554-00013775 [Music]
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00062-00013776-00014358 super easy to put in and out
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00063-00014359-00014615 you do that like a pro well i am a pro
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00064-00014616-00015519 but i don't want to brag
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00065-00015519-00015838 more storage up here tv does come with
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00066-00015840-00015943 this one
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00067-00015944-00016111 you have an electric fireplace that is
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00068-00016112-00016271 actually going to help heat your coat so
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00069-00016272-00016391 you're not going to have to run through
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00070-00016392-00016639 as much propane
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00071-00016640-00016775 step inside of here you're going to see
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00072-00016776-00016935 a great big shower that you're actually
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00073-00016936-00017007 going to be around
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00074-00017008-00017239 be able to move around in really nice
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00075-00017240-00017775 sized bathroom inside of this coach
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00076-00017776-00017967 now you step in here you see that you
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00077-00017968-00018158 have a walk around bed
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00078-00018159-00018375 you have shelves on both sides you have
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00079-00018376-00018614 a usb ports over there
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00080-00018615-00018799 you have outlets on both sides so
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00081-00018800-00018958 anybody with a cpap machine you're going
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00082-00018959-00019214 to be able to run that pretty easily
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00083-00019215-00019683 again storage you have tv hookup out
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00084-00019684-00019814 there
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00085-00019815-00020111 so that's going to about do it for this
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00086-00020112-00020303 uh this week's walk through wednesday
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00087-00020304-00020478 uh hopefully you guys are interested in
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00088-00020479-00020614 this we're starting to run out of
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00089-00020615-00020727 inventory so
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00090-00020728-00020894 come in see us before it's all gone
+YHd8Zr4RqQu-00091-00020895-00021192 we'll talk to you then
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00000-00000008-00000303 friends welcome to naya videos today i
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00001-00000304-00000478 would like to share
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00002-00000479-00000847 a review about vivo y2l
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00003-00000848-00001135 you can see now we will unbox this
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00004-00001136-00001262 mobile
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00005-00001263-00001663 let us see the specs it is coming with
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00006-00001664-00002102 ai triple rear camera 5000 mah battery
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00007-00002103-00002431 and a helio full view display you can
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00008-00002432-00002534 see here
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00009-00002535-00002734 recently they added made in india
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00010-00002735-00002879 sticker
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00011-00002880-00003231 you can also see this model is y12
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00012-00003232-00005226 so let us open this box
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00013-00005227-00005775 [Music]
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00014-00005776-00007767 you
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00015-00007768-00008134 see we have come we got one
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00016-00008136-00008374 case for this mobile the quality of the
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00017-00008375-00008503 case is very nice
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00018-00008504-00008871 you can see here along with this
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00019-00008872-00009039 we got some important information
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00020-00009040-00009183 warranty card
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00021-00009184-00009519 for the mobile
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00022-00009520-00009983 and you can see here the mobile
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00023-00009984-00010238 the mobile is looking very good and the
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00024-00010239-00010367 color also very nice
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00025-00010368-00011006 you can see
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00026-00011007-00011471 the back side is the glassy glassy look
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00027-00011472-00011710 and uh you can see the rear cameras and
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00028-00011711-00011959 the fingerprint sense sensor is also
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00029-00011960-00012063 there
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00030-00012064-00012383 the front is very nice
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00031-00012384-00012687 mobile overall look is very nice
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00032-00012688-00012999 and the build quality also very nice
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00033-00013000-00013255 and the surrounding it is made of
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00034-00013256-00013407 plastic
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00035-00013408-00013879 is not a steel body is very nice
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00036-00013880-00014127 along with this we got an adapter the
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00037-00014128-00014486 adapter is
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00038-00014487-00015127 100 to 240 watts output is 5 watts
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00039-00015128-00015422 and along with this we got a cable to
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00040-00015423-00015519 connect for the
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00041-00015519-00015871 charging that's it
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00042-00015872-00016055 we didn't find any headset for this
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00043-00016056-00016286 mobile
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00044-00016287-00016863 let us see let us switch on the mobile
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00045-00016864-00018283 and let us check the
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00046-00018284-00018519 view
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00047-00018520-00018822 it is taking two to three seconds
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00048-00018823-00019311 to switch on the mobile
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00049-00019312-00019486 and you can also see along with this we
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00050-00019487-00019671 got a
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00051-00019672-00020063 screen guard uh they
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00052-00020064-00020335 they added screen guard and uh it is a
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00053-00020336-00020422 drop notch
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00054-00020423-00020719 uh fun touch os welcome set up your
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00055-00020720-00021083 phone
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00056-00021084-00022150 next
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00057-00022151-00023342 now i'm skipping the network
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00058-00023343-00024758 i'm skipping
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00059-00024759-00025007 and the response time is very nice on
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00060-00025008-00025247 the touch also very good
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00061-00025248-00025567 now you can see the notch notch display
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00062-00025568-00025758 here
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00063-00025760-00026683 using a complete display let us see the
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00064-00026683-00026958 settings
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00065-00026960-00027399 you can see here
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00066-00027400-00027879 more settings about the phone
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00067-00027880-00028135 and you can see the processor is 2.0
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00068-00028136-00028199 gigahertz
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00069-00028200-00028446 octa core and the version of the android
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00070-00028447-00028551 is nine
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00071-00028552-00028951 and the ram is 3gb vivo rom is fun touch
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00072-00028952-00029039 os9
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00073-00029039-00029687 and you can see the bluetooth address is
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00074-00029688-00029807 unavailable actually
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00075-00029808-00030062 it is showing like this and you can also
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00076-00030063-00030318 see the storage
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00077-00030319-00030670 ram under storage space here the
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00078-00030672-00030999 the total space is 64 gb and available
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00079-00031000-00031367 space is 52.96 so
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00080-00031368-00031599 around 10 gb is using the using for the
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00081-00031600-00031751 os and uh
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00082-00031752-00032062 ram is 3 gb overall
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00083-00032063-00032383 and you can see the otg mount insert otg
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00084-00032383-00032607 to mount and a mount sd card in
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00085-00032608-00032911 insert an sd card for mounting
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00086-00032912-00033223 so you can only see these options
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00087-00033224-00033543 along with this you can also see
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00088-00033544-00033959 the response also very nice and
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00089-00033960-00034662 let us see the wi-fi
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00090-00034663-00034990 yeah all the wafers are detecting and
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00091-00034991-00035311 everything is similar to other mobiles
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00092-00035312-00035727 it is a pre-installed apps are there
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00093-00035728-00035895 and if you don't want you can remove the
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00094-00035896-00036111 apps
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00095-00036112-00036327 and overall the mobile look and feel is
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00096-00036328-00036430 very nice
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00097-00036431-00036718 and very soft and apart from that back
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00098-00036719-00036759 side
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00099-00036760-00036974 you can see the glass look it's very
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00100-00036975-00037118 nice
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00101-00037119-00037455 so maybe
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00102-00037456-00037743 if it touched like this i think it is
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00103-00037744-00037943 gorilla glass actually you can you don't
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00104-00037944-00038255 see any scratches here
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00105-00038256-00038559 surrounded by gorilla glasses so
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00106-00038560-00038830 overall the specs of mobile is very nice
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00107-00038831-00039046 if you are interested you can buy
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00108-00039047-00039399 and i am sharing a link below
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00109-00039400-00039655 in the comment section you can click
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00110-00039656-00039839 that link and you can purchase
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00111-00039840-00040143 and encourage me to take more videos
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00112-00040144-00040351 please subscribe to my video channel
+YHf4m7KxYyy-00113-00040352-00040912 thank you very much
+YI88ETM8g4M-00000-00000014-00000193 what is up guys my name is Marcel
+YI88ETM8g4M-00001-00000194-00001228 Rosenberg and this is what is in my bag
+YI88ETM8g4M-00002-00001229-00001483 alright guys so the three products that
+YI88ETM8g4M-00003-00001484-00002084 I got in my bag right here my wild whey
+YI88ETM8g4M-00004-00002085-00002387 protein it's grass-fed I use every day
+YI88ETM8g4M-00005-00002388-00002612 after my workouts helps me with with my
+YI88ETM8g4M-00006-00002613-00002776 muscle recovery helps with my caloric
+YI88ETM8g4M-00007-00002777-00003008 intake whenever I'm like needing extra
+YI88ETM8g4M-00008-00003009-00003215 protein this is what I use put in my
+YI88ETM8g4M-00009-00003215-00003513 shakes put it in my water milk whatever
+YI88ETM8g4M-00010-00003514-00003803 the second product that I got is wild
+YI88ETM8g4M-00011-00003804-00003995 cocoa butter I use this everyday on my
+YI88ETM8g4M-00012-00003996-00004147 coffee in the morning times I love
+YI88ETM8g4M-00013-00004148-00004391 chocolate but sometimes I really don't
+YI88ETM8g4M-00014-00004392-00004568 want to have like sugar in my coffee so
+YI88ETM8g4M-00015-00004569-00004822 I usually put this it has zero grams of
+YI88ETM8g4M-00016-00004823-00005024 sugar in it and enhances the flavor of
+YI88ETM8g4M-00017-00005025-00005336 the coffee the last product that I got
+YI88ETM8g4M-00018-00005337-00005713 is a wild foods t-shirt I lost my last
+YI88ETM8g4M-00019-00005714-00005961 one so here I am representing wild foods
+YI88ETM8g4M-00020-00005962-00006352 use this when I workout this is my shirt
+YI88ETM8g4M-00021-00006353-00006545 so those are the three products that I
+YI88ETM8g4M-00022-00006545-00006784 got here at wild foods you guys should
+YI88ETM8g4M-00023-00006786-00007314 check it out use my code while Marcel
+YI88ETM8g4M-00024-00007315-00007521 you
+YIZ20SWoEAg-00000-00000006-00000274 if you love the piano if you hear
+YIZ20SWoEAg-00001-00000275-00000686 something that the word virtuoso is this
+YIZ20SWoEAg-00002-00000687-00000937 not one of the glamorous words in the
+YIZ20SWoEAg-00003-00000938-00001214 world it's the world that it's a word
+YIZ20SWoEAg-00004-00001215-00001474 that has enigmatic overtones it is a
+YIZ20SWoEAg-00005-00001475-00001748 word that is complex it's a word that
+YIZ20SWoEAg-00006-00001748-00002159 has obsessed all of the great writers of
+YIZ20SWoEAg-00007-00002160-00002509 the piano how did this one do that how
+YIZ20SWoEAg-00008-00002510-00002831 did this one play that and Rex ahan
+YIZ20SWoEAg-00009-00002832-00003199 wonderful Chinese pianist will be
+YIZ20SWoEAg-00010-00003200-00003538 playing on the program and of our
+YIZ20SWoEAg-00011-00003539-00003761 release meant and extraordinary virtuoso
+YIZ20SWoEAg-00012-00003761-00003983 will be there and we'll be having music
+YIZ20SWoEAg-00013-00003984-00004231 will be having talk will be having
+YIZ20SWoEAg-00014-00004232-00004490 recordings of great pianists such as
+YIZ20SWoEAg-00015-00004491-00004811 Simone Ferrer doing Oh things that you
+YIZ20SWoEAg-00016-00004812-00005179 know only he could do and many
+YIZ20SWoEAg-00017-00005180-00005493 recordings within and I will be reading
+YIZ20SWoEAg-00018-00005494-00005818 wonderful little excerpts about what it
+YIZ20SWoEAg-00019-00005819-00006097 means to be a virtuoso and what is the
+YIZ20SWoEAg-00020-00006098-00006429 Grand Manor which is so much a part of
+YIZ20SWoEAg-00021-00006430-00006889 the idea of virtuosity and the literal
+YIZ20SWoEAg-00022-00006890-00007321 gentlemanly aspect of a world that was
+YIZ20SWoEAg-00023-00007322-00007745 once so extraordinarily glamorous headed
+YIZ20SWoEAg-00024-00007745-00008258 by Paderewski and Friedman and Hoffmann
+YIZ20SWoEAg-00025-00008259-00008888 and on and on phone every country
+YJ68GrzarYM-00000-00000055-00000379 knuckles chaotix is a 1995 platformer
+YJ68GrzarYM-00001-00000380-00000721 game by Sega for the 32x a spinoff from
+YJ68GrzarYM-00002-00000722-00000891 the Sonic the Hedgehog series
+YJ68GrzarYM-00003-00000892-00001078 it features Knuckles the Echidna and
+YJ68GrzarYM-00004-00001079-00001240 four other characters known as the
+YJ68GrzarYM-00005-00001241-00001470 chaotix who must prevent dr. Robotnik
+YJ68GrzarYM-00006-00001471-00001666 and Metal Sonic from obtaining six magic
+YJ68GrzarYM-00007-00001667-00001914 rings and conquering a mysterious island
+YJ68GrzarYM-00008-00001914-00002164 gameplay is similar to previous Sonic
+YJ68GrzarYM-00009-00002165-00002341 games players complete levels while
+YJ68GrzarYM-00010-00002342-00002559 collecting rings and defeating enemies
+YJ68GrzarYM-00011-00002560-00002827 knuckles chaotix introduces a partner
+YJ68GrzarYM-00012-00002828-00003019 system whereby the player is connected
+YJ68GrzarYM-00013-00003020-00003220 to another character via a tether the
+YJ68GrzarYM-00014-00003221-00003402 tether behaves like a rubberband and
+YJ68GrzarYM-00015-00003403-00003620 must be used to maneuver the characters
+YJ68GrzarYM-00016-00003621-00003879 while Sonic team is sometimes credited
+YJ68GrzarYM-00017-00003880-00004098 with creating knuckles chaotix it was
+YJ68GrzarYM-00018-00004099-00004295 developed by another Sega team
+YJ68GrzarYM-00019-00004296-00004575 production began with Sonic crackers and
+YJ68GrzarYM-00020-00004576-00004843 1994 prototype for the Sega Genesis
+YJ68GrzarYM-00021-00004844-00005002 which experimented with the tethering
+YJ68GrzarYM-00022-00005003-00005250 system and featured Sonic and Tails
+YJ68GrzarYM-00023-00005251-00005536 development transition to the 32x under
+YJ68GrzarYM-00024-00005537-00005716 the working title knuckles ring Star
+YJ68GrzarYM-00025-00005717-00005889 Sonic and Tails were replaced by
+YJ68GrzarYM-00026-00005890-00006145 knuckles and the chaotix one of the
+YJ68GrzarYM-00027-00006146-00006309 chaotix members was mighty the armadillo
+YJ68GrzarYM-00028-00006310-00006553 who first appeared in the arcade game
+YJ68GrzarYM-00029-00006554-00006963 Sega Sonic the Hedgehog 1993 knuckles
+YJ68GrzarYM-00030-00006964-00007126 chaotix was released in North America
+YJ68GrzarYM-00031-00007127-00007480 and Japan in April 1995 and in Europe in
+YJ68GrzarYM-00032-00007481-00007870 June 1995 it received mixed reviews and
+YJ68GrzarYM-00033-00007870-00008103 failed commercially reviewers found the
+YJ68GrzarYM-00034-00008104-00008281 tethering physics cumbersome although
+YJ68GrzarYM-00035-00008282-00008449 some appreciated it as an attempt to
+YJ68GrzarYM-00036-00008450-00008710 innovate the level design and low
+YJ68GrzarYM-00037-00008711-00008931 difficulty level were also criticized
+YJ68GrzarYM-00038-00008932-00009142 journalists have described knuckles
+YJ68GrzarYM-00039-00009143-00009466 chaotix as the last of the classic 2d
+YJ68GrzarYM-00040-00009467-00009676 Sonic games before the series moved to
+YJ68GrzarYM-00041-00009677-00009921 3d some characters and concepts
+YJ68GrzarYM-00042-00009922-00010113 introduced in the game feature in later
+YJ68GrzarYM-00043-00010114-00010413 Sonic games and media despite interest
+YJ68GrzarYM-00044-00010414-00010602 from fans it has not been re-released
+YJ68GrzarYM-00045-00010603-00010798 beyond a brief period through game tap
+YJ68GrzarYM-00046-00010799-00011408 in the mid-2000s
+YJ68GrzarYM-00047-00011409-00011921 topic gameplay
+YJ68GrzarYM-00048-00011922-00012149 knuckles chaotix is a side-scrolling
+YJ68GrzarYM-00049-00012150-00012333 platformer game similar to earlier
+YJ68GrzarYM-00050-00012334-00012512 entries in the Sonic series
+YJ68GrzarYM-00051-00012513-00012774 unlike other Sonic games players are
+YJ68GrzarYM-00052-00012775-00012933 tethered to a computer or human
+YJ68GrzarYM-00053-00012934-00013104 controlled partner the tether behaves
+YJ68GrzarYM-00054-00013105-00013296 like a rubber band and must be properly
+YJ68GrzarYM-00055-00013297-00013560 handled to maneuver through stages there
+YJ68GrzarYM-00056-00013561-00013730 are five playable characters each with
+YJ68GrzarYM-00057-00013731-00014022 their own unique abilities Knuckles the
+YJ68GrzarYM-00058-00014022-00014241 Echidna can glide and climb walls mighty
+YJ68GrzarYM-00059-00014241-00014460 the armadillo can perform a wall jump
+YJ68GrzarYM-00060-00014461-00014669 Espio the chameleon can run along walls
+YJ68GrzarYM-00061-00014670-00014877 and ceilings vector the crocodile can
+YJ68GrzarYM-00062-00014878-00015018 boost through the air and climb walls
+YJ68GrzarYM-00063-00015019-00015336 and charm EB can fly in hover there are
+YJ68GrzarYM-00064-00015337-00015537 two other partner characters heavy the
+YJ68GrzarYM-00065-00015538-00015702 robot and bomb who hinder plays
+YJ68GrzarYM-00066-00015703-00015866 progressed due to their slow or
+YJ68GrzarYM-00067-00015868-00016137 destructive nature respectively the
+YJ68GrzarYM-00068-00016138-00016350 story takes place on a mysterious island
+YJ68GrzarYM-00069-00016351-00016547 and follows the group's efforts to stop
+YJ68GrzarYM-00070-00016548-00016746 dr. Robotnik and Metal Sonic from
+YJ68GrzarYM-00071-00016747-00016911 harnessing the power of the islands
+YJ68GrzarYM-00072-00016912-00017115 mythical Chaos Rings to satisfy their
+YJ68GrzarYM-00073-00017116-00017355 evil deeds the game takes place over six
+YJ68GrzarYM-00074-00017356-00017586 levels called attractions each
+YJ68GrzarYM-00075-00017587-00017841 attraction is divided into five acts v
+YJ68GrzarYM-00076-00017842-00018039 ends in a boss fight with Robotnik and
+YJ68GrzarYM-00077-00018040-00018330 one of his large robots each act has a
+YJ68GrzarYM-00078-00018331-00018540 different time of day Dacor such as
+YJ68GrzarYM-00079-00018541-00018846 morning noon evening and night like
+YJ68GrzarYM-00080-00018847-00019031 earlier Sonic games players collect
+YJ68GrzarYM-00081-00019032-00019256 rings jump to perform a spin attack to
+YJ68GrzarYM-00082-00019257-00019475 defeat enemies and can perform a spin -
+YJ68GrzarYM-00083-00019476-00019749 on the ground to gain speed power-ups
+YJ68GrzarYM-00084-00019750-00019989 include rings shields and speed shoes
+YJ68GrzarYM-00085-00019990-00020228 the partner system enables players to
+YJ68GrzarYM-00086-00020229-00020412 perform actions not seen in earlier
+YJ68GrzarYM-00087-00020413-00020700 Sonic games players can call their
+YJ68GrzarYM-00088-00020701-00020874 partner if they are separated which
+YJ68GrzarYM-00089-00020875-00021050 reunites them with the main character
+YJ68GrzarYM-00090-00021051-00021234 but costs 10 rings or throw their
+YJ68GrzarYM-00091-00021235-00021512 partner to reach far platforms if the
+YJ68GrzarYM-00092-00021513-00021678 partner is computer-controlled
+YJ68GrzarYM-00093-00021679-00021830 the player can stop and anchor the
+YJ68GrzarYM-00094-00021831-00022022 partner to perform special moves such as
+YJ68GrzarYM-00095-00022023-00022353 snapping to a higher ledge or thrusting
+YJ68GrzarYM-00096-00022354-00022556 to gain speed before entering a stage
+YJ68GrzarYM-00097-00022557-00022755 the player begins in a hub world where
+YJ68GrzarYM-00098-00022756-00023009 they choose a partner in level bonus
+YJ68GrzarYM-00099-00023010-00023193 stages are hidden throughout attractions
+YJ68GrzarYM-00100-00023194-00023400 and can also be triggered by finishing a
+YJ68GrzarYM-00101-00023401-00023712 level with 20 or more rings in the bonus
+YJ68GrzarYM-00102-00023713-00023903 levels the player is free falling and
+YJ68GrzarYM-00103-00023904-00024206 picks up power-ups special stages are
+YJ68GrzarYM-00104-00024207-00024414 reached by finishing a level with 50 or
+YJ68GrzarYM-00105-00024415-00024702 more rings in these stages the player
+YJ68GrzarYM-00106-00024703-00024881 collects blue spheres in a forward
+YJ68GrzarYM-00107-00024882-00025061 scrolling platformer to earn a Chaos
+YJ68GrzarYM-00108-00025062-00025361 ring collecting all Chaos Rings unlocks
+YJ68GrzarYM-00109-00025362-00025652 the good ending in which Sonic and Tails
+YJ68GrzarYM-00110-00025653-00025869 are seen with the chaotix who have freed
+YJ68GrzarYM-00111-00025870-00026479 the island from Robotnik
+YJ68GrzarYM-00112-00026480-00027073 topic development and release
+YJ68GrzarYM-00113-00027074-00027332 development of knuckles chaotix began in
+YJ68GrzarYM-00114-00027333-00027593 early 1994 as an engine test for the
+YJ68GrzarYM-00115-00027594-00027808 Sega Genesis dubbed Sonic crackers
+YJ68GrzarYM-00116-00027808-00028037 although Sonic team is sometimes
+YJ68GrzarYM-00117-00028038-00028238 credited for developing the game it was
+YJ68GrzarYM-00118-00028239-00028424 developed by another internal Sega
+YJ68GrzarYM-00119-00028425-00028627 development team including young members
+YJ68GrzarYM-00120-00028629-00028876 of the staff who had worked on Sonic CD
+YJ68GrzarYM-00121-00028877-00029225 1993 developed as an idea for the next
+YJ68GrzarYM-00122-00029226-00029456 Sonic game the prototype featured Sonic
+YJ68GrzarYM-00123-00029457-00029636 and Tails joined together by an elastic
+YJ68GrzarYM-00124-00029637-00029942 band of energy development eventually
+YJ68GrzarYM-00125-00029943-00030182 moved to the more powerful 32x add-on
+YJ68GrzarYM-00126-00030183-00030455 for the Genesis Sonic and Tails were
+YJ68GrzarYM-00127-00030456-00030662 replaced by a group of characters led by
+YJ68GrzarYM-00128-00030663-00030830 Knuckles the Echidna but the core
+YJ68GrzarYM-00129-00030831-00031079 tethering gameplay was retained the
+YJ68GrzarYM-00130-00031080-00031286 project was titled knuckles ring star
+YJ68GrzarYM-00131-00031287-00031532 and later knuckles chaotix the Sonic
+YJ68GrzarYM-00132-00031533-00031733 crackers prototype rom image was later
+YJ68GrzarYM-00133-00031733-00031883 leaked online and can be played with
+YJ68GrzarYM-00134-00031883-00032087 emulators along with knuckles being
+YJ68GrzarYM-00135-00032088-00032291 given a starring role the game includes
+YJ68GrzarYM-00136-00032292-00032501 mighty the armadillo who had previously
+YJ68GrzarYM-00137-00032502-00032699 appeared in the arcade exclusive Sega
+YJ68GrzarYM-00138-00032700-00033047 Sonic the Hedgehog 1993 vector the
+YJ68GrzarYM-00139-00033048-00033275 crocodile also makes his debut he was
+YJ68GrzarYM-00140-00033276-00033473 originally created to appear in Sonic
+YJ68GrzarYM-00141-00033474-00033752 the Hedgehog 1991 but his appearance was
+YJ68GrzarYM-00142-00033753-00033980 scrapped before its release the game
+YJ68GrzarYM-00143-00033981-00034178 also features two other new characters
+YJ68GrzarYM-00144-00034179-00034445 SPO the chameleon and Charmy B the
+YJ68GrzarYM-00145-00034446-00034616 latter of whom originally appeared in
+YJ68GrzarYM-00146-00034617-00034892 the Sonic the Hedgehog manga these four
+YJ68GrzarYM-00147-00034893-00035129 characters have been dubbed the chaotix
+YJ68GrzarYM-00148-00035130-00035453 in retrospect tails was also intended to
+YJ68GrzarYM-00149-00035454-00035657 appear as a playable character but was
+YJ68GrzarYM-00150-00035658-00035936 scrapped a leaked prototype version of
+YJ68GrzarYM-00151-00035937-00036149 the game lists spos name as the featured
+YJ68GrzarYM-00152-00036150-00036347 character on the title screen instead of
+YJ68GrzarYM-00153-00036348-00036539 knuckles suggesting he was once featured
+YJ68GrzarYM-00154-00036540-00036746 more prominently possibly in a starring
+YJ68GrzarYM-00155-00036747-00037115 role the 32x is processing power allowed
+YJ68GrzarYM-00156-00037116-00037334 for dynamic sprite scaling effects and
+YJ68GrzarYM-00157-00037335-00037612 3d polygons in the special stages a
+YJ68GrzarYM-00158-00037613-00037853 complex palette system was implemented
+YJ68GrzarYM-00159-00037854-00038051 allowing each level to load its own
+YJ68GrzarYM-00160-00038052-00038348 unique colors the music was composed by
+YJ68GrzarYM-00161-00038349-00038564 Junko Seurat su and Marik own amber
+YJ68GrzarYM-00162-00038565-00038768 knuckles chaotix was released in North
+YJ68GrzarYM-00163-00038769-00039089 America in April 1995 in Japan on April
+YJ68GrzarYM-00164-00039090-00039614 21st 1995 and in Europe in June 1995 it
+YJ68GrzarYM-00165-00039615-00039761 is considered a valuable
+YJ68GrzarYM-00166-00039762-00039968 Lecter's item due to the 32 X's
+YJ68GrzarYM-00167-00039969-00040217 commercial failure the games only
+YJ68GrzarYM-00168-00040218-00040490 re-release was in 2005 when it was made
+YJ68GrzarYM-00169-00040491-00040687 available for Makos and Microsoft
+YJ68GrzarYM-00170-00040688-00040883 Windows via the subscription service
+YJ68GrzarYM-00171-00040884-00041416 game tap
+YJ68GrzarYM-00172-00041417-00042032 topic reception knuckles chaotix
+YJ68GrzarYM-00173-00042033-00042239 received mixed reviews and failed
+YJ68GrzarYM-00174-00042240-00042497 commercially as did the 32x the game's
+YJ68GrzarYM-00175-00042498-00042785 presentation divided critics the four
+YJ68GrzarYM-00176-00042786-00042992 reviewers of electronic gaming monthly
+YJ68GrzarYM-00177-00042993-00043214 EGM praised its graphics and believed
+YJ68GrzarYM-00178-00043215-00043448 the game was one of the best for the 32x
+YJ68GrzarYM-00179-00043449-00043625 and game fan considered knuckles chaotix
+YJ68GrzarYM-00180-00043626-00043832 the best entry in the franchise since
+YJ68GrzarYM-00181-00043833-00044207 Sonic the Hedgehog to 1992 on the other
+YJ68GrzarYM-00182-00044208-00044426 hand a reviewer from next generation
+YJ68GrzarYM-00183-00044427-00044618 found the graphics garish and felt that
+YJ68GrzarYM-00184-00044619-00044870 the game made unimpressive attempts to
+YJ68GrzarYM-00185-00044871-00045245 show off game pro game players an IGN
+YJ68GrzarYM-00186-00045246-00045476 believed the game failed to push the 32x
+YJ68GrzarYM-00187-00045477-00045638 to its limits citing the lack of
+YJ68GrzarYM-00188-00045639-00045845 graphical effects and Genesis quality
+YJ68GrzarYM-00189-00045846-00046109 audio though IGN felt some elements such
+YJ68GrzarYM-00190-00046110-00046274 as several musical tracks were
+YJ68GrzarYM-00191-00046275-00046658 highlights in 2008 GamesRadar wrote that
+YJ68GrzarYM-00192-00046659-00046847 knuckles chaotix was the best game for
+YJ68GrzarYM-00193-00046848-00047060 the 32x and was underrated though it
+YJ68GrzarYM-00194-00047061-00047267 still considered the gamer wasted
+YJ68GrzarYM-00195-00047268-00047651 opportunity the rubber band multiplayer
+YJ68GrzarYM-00196-00047652-00047870 system was largely panned despite being
+YJ68GrzarYM-00197-00047871-00048037 acknowledged as an effort to innovate
+YJ68GrzarYM-00198-00048038-00048317 though IGN admired the attempt to
+YJ68GrzarYM-00199-00048318-00048551 breathe life into a series that was
+YJ68GrzarYM-00200-00048552-00048791 running out of steam and fixed the
+YJ68GrzarYM-00201-00048792-00049040 lopsided multiplayer of Sonic 2 in Sonic
+YJ68GrzarYM-00202-00049041-00049361 3 1994 whereby tails would get lost off
+YJ68GrzarYM-00203-00049362-00049607 screen they felt the physics were clunky
+YJ68GrzarYM-00204-00049608-00049964 and unorthodox egm felt the system was
+YJ68GrzarYM-00205-00049965-00050177 original but slowed down the gameplay as
+YJ68GrzarYM-00206-00050178-00050510 did GamesRadar next generation felt the
+YJ68GrzarYM-00207-00050511-00050717 bond was tiring and not truly innovative
+YJ68GrzarYM-00208-00050718-00050891 and game pro called it knuckles chaotix
+YJ68GrzarYM-00209-00050892-00051137 his biggest flaw finding it frustrating
+YJ68GrzarYM-00210-00051138-00051415 and choppy the reviewer also found that
+YJ68GrzarYM-00211-00051416-00051587 the bond complicated gameplay and
+YJ68GrzarYM-00212-00051588-00051754 compared it to being handcuffed the
+YJ68GrzarYM-00213-00051755-00051938 level design and low difficulty were
+YJ68GrzarYM-00214-00051939-00052232 also criticized GamePro wrote that the
+YJ68GrzarYM-00215-00052233-00052415 levels while fairly large were not
+YJ68GrzarYM-00216-00052416-00052634 populated with enough enemies or secrets
+YJ68GrzarYM-00217-00052635-00052855 a sentiment echoed by IGN and Mean
+YJ68GrzarYM-00218-00052857-00053177 Machine Sega IGN considered the boss
+YJ68GrzarYM-00219-00053178-00053345 design simplistic and the level design
+YJ68GrzarYM-00220-00053346-00053585 bland and seemingly unfinished and Mean
+YJ68GrzarYM-00221-00053586-00053750 Machine Sega thought that without
+YJ68GrzarYM-00222-00053751-00053992 enemies this is just not half the game
+YJ68GrzarYM-00223-00053994-00054245 it could have been game players
+YJ68GrzarYM-00224-00054246-00054437 criticized the game's lack of replay
+YJ68GrzarYM-00225-00054438-00054655 value saying the game's simplicity made
+YJ68GrzarYM-00226-00054657-00054695 si
+YJ68GrzarYM-00227-00054696-00054888 it's in levels impossible to miss
+YJ68GrzarYM-00228-00054889-00055271 however IGN game fan and egm praised the
+YJ68GrzarYM-00229-00055272-00055484 number of playable characters and IGN
+YJ68GrzarYM-00230-00055485-00055811 felt the game's marvelous fully 3d
+YJ68GrzarYM-00231-00055812-00055982 special stages were the best of the
+YJ68GrzarYM-00232-00055983-00056237 Sonic series overall IGN described
+YJ68GrzarYM-00233-00056238-00056488 knuckles chaotix as a bad game with a
+YJ68GrzarYM-00234-00056489-00056774 good foundation and in another article
+YJ68GrzarYM-00235-00056775-00056984 concluded that the game was interesting
+YJ68GrzarYM-00236-00056985-00057307 if flawed EGM felt the game was the best
+YJ68GrzarYM-00237-00057308-00057509 for the 32x but failed to live up to
+YJ68GrzarYM-00238-00057510-00057812 previous games in the Sonic series game
+YJ68GrzarYM-00239-00057813-00057959 players found the game a major
+YJ68GrzarYM-00240-00057960-00058211 disappointment saying other than a few
+YJ68GrzarYM-00241-00058212-00058432 color enhanced backgrounds you're gonna
+YJ68GrzarYM-00242-00058433-00058719 wonder why this isn't a Genesis title
+YJ68GrzarYM-00243-00058720-00058949 some journalists have referred to
+YJ68GrzarYM-00244-00058950-00059144 knuckles chaotix as the series declining
+YJ68GrzarYM-00245-00059145-00059380 point and all gaming complex both wrote
+YJ68GrzarYM-00246-00059382-00059554 that it was among the worst games in the
+YJ68GrzarYM-00247-00059555-00060088 series
+YJ68GrzarYM-00248-00060089-00060598 topic legacy
+YJ68GrzarYM-00249-00060599-00060826 knuckles chaotix is considered the last
+YJ68GrzarYM-00250-00060827-00061138 of thee classic sonic games before the
+YJ68GrzarYM-00251-00061139-00061471 3d games Sonic Adventure 1998 took the
+YJ68GrzarYM-00252-00061472-00061689 series in new gameplay directions
+YJ68GrzarYM-00253-00061690-00061951 several of its concepts were reused in
+YJ68GrzarYM-00254-00061952-00062200 later Sonic games a similar partner
+YJ68GrzarYM-00255-00062201-00062395 system features in the Game Boy Advance
+YJ68GrzarYM-00256-00062396-00062761 game Sonic advance 3 2004 and IGN noted
+YJ68GrzarYM-00257-00062762-00062959 similarities between the games Auto
+YJ68GrzarYM-00258-00062960-00063172 running special stages in Sonic in the
+YJ68GrzarYM-00259-00063173-00063516 secret Rings 2007 two tracks from
+YJ68GrzarYM-00260-00063517-00063874 knuckles chaotix tube panic and door
+YJ68GrzarYM-00261-00063875-00064164 into summer appear in Sonic Generations
+YJ68GrzarYM-00262-00064165-00064617 2011 the hyper ring powerup reappeared
+YJ68GrzarYM-00263-00064619-00064915 in Sonic mania 2017 and the recreation
+YJ68GrzarYM-00264-00064916-00065116 of knuckles chaotix is final boss fight
+YJ68GrzarYM-00265-00065116-00065344 was added in a 2018 update with the
+YJ68GrzarYM-00266-00065345-00065539 exception of mighty who has made only
+YJ68GrzarYM-00267-00065540-00065752 cameos all chaotix members have become
+YJ68GrzarYM-00268-00065753-00065976 recurring characters in the Sonic series
+YJ68GrzarYM-00269-00065977-00066253 the group had storylines in the Sonic
+YJ68GrzarYM-00270-00066254-00066442 the Hedgehog comic series produced by
+YJ68GrzarYM-00271-00066443-00066649 Archie comics and Sonic the comic by
+YJ68GrzarYM-00272-00066650-00066868 Fleetway publications as well as in the
+YJ68GrzarYM-00273-00066869-00067078 anime series Sonic X Games radar
+YJ68GrzarYM-00274-00067079-00067234 considered the introduction of the
+YJ68GrzarYM-00275-00067235-00067426 chaotix a turning point for the series
+YJ68GrzarYM-00276-00067427-00067672 as it diluted the sonic verse by
+YJ68GrzarYM-00277-00067673-00067981 introducing tons of shitty characters in
+YJ68GrzarYM-00278-00067982-00068248 2011 Sega noted fans frequently
+YJ68GrzarYM-00279-00068249-00068440 requested knuckles chaotix as a game
+YJ68GrzarYM-00280-00068441-00068761 desired to be re-released one up.com and
+YJ68GrzarYM-00281-00068762-00068938 games be expressed disappointment the
+YJ68GrzarYM-00282-00068939-00069229 2005 compilation sonic gems collection
+YJ68GrzarYM-00283-00069230-00069544 did not include the game in 2010 the
+YJ68GrzarYM-00284-00069545-00069732 head of Sonic Team Takashi Iizuka
+YJ68GrzarYM-00285-00069733-00069949 expressed interest in developing a
+YJ68GrzarYM-00286-00069950-00070225 sequel also expressing interest was
+YJ68GrzarYM-00287-00070226-00070414 Christian Whitehead the developer of the
+YJ68GrzarYM-00288-00070415-00070663 mobile versions of Sonic CD sonic the
+YJ68GrzarYM-00289-00070664-00070918 hedgehog and Sonic the Hedgehog 2 saying
+YJ68GrzarYM-00290-00070919-00071107 in 2014 that he would be open to
+YJ68GrzarYM-00291-00071108-00071305 remaking Michael's chaotix using the
+YJ68GrzarYM-00292-00071306-00071535 retro engine
+YJ68GrzarYM-00293-00071536-00071882 equals equals notes
+YJzrKotaFu0-00000-00000050-00000340 social fascism was a theory supported by
+YJzrKotaFu0-00001-00000341-00000542 the communist international Comintern
+YJzrKotaFu0-00002-00000543-00000778 during the early 1930s which held that
+YJzrKotaFu0-00003-00000779-00000968 social democracy was a variant of
+YJzrKotaFu0-00004-00000969-00001211 fascism because in addition to a shared
+YJzrKotaFu0-00005-00001212-00001462 corporatist economic model it stood in
+YJzrKotaFu0-00006-00001463-00001601 the way of a dictatorship of the
+YJzrKotaFu0-00007-00001602-00001873 proletariat at the time the leaders of
+YJzrKotaFu0-00008-00001875-00002101 the Comintern such as Joseph Stalin and
+YJzrKotaFu0-00009-00002102-00002330 rajani pom dot argued that capitalist
+YJzrKotaFu0-00010-00002331-00002579 society had entered the third period in
+YJzrKotaFu0-00011-00002580-00002818 which a working class revolution was
+YJzrKotaFu0-00012-00002819-00002968 imminent but could be prevented by
+YJzrKotaFu0-00013-00002969-00003211 Social Democrats and other fascist
+YJzrKotaFu0-00014-00003213-00003650 forces the term social fascist was used
+YJzrKotaFu0-00015-00003651-00003838 pejoratively to describe social
+YJzrKotaFu0-00016-00003839-00004063 democratic party's anti Comintern and
+YJzrKotaFu0-00017-00004064-00004241 progressive socialist parties and
+YJzrKotaFu0-00018-00004242-00004420 dissenters within common turn affiliates
+YJzrKotaFu0-00019-00004421-00005061 throughout the interwar period
+YJzrKotaFu0-00020-00005062-00005575 topic overview
+YJzrKotaFu0-00021-00005576-00005820 at the 6th Congress of the Comintern in
+YJzrKotaFu0-00022-00005821-00006111 1928 the end of capitalist stability and
+YJzrKotaFu0-00023-00006112-00006375 the beginning of the third period was
+YJzrKotaFu0-00024-00006376-00006552 proclaimed the end of capitalism
+YJzrKotaFu0-00025-00006553-00006720 accompanied with a working-class
+YJzrKotaFu0-00026-00006722-00006960 revolution was expected and social
+YJzrKotaFu0-00027-00006961-00007153 democracy was identified as the main
+YJzrKotaFu0-00028-00007154-00007410 enemy of the Communists this common
+YJzrKotaFu0-00029-00007411-00007591 turns theory had roots in Grigory
+YJzrKotaFu0-00030-00007592-00007768 Zinoviev z' argument that international
+YJzrKotaFu0-00031-00007769-00008008 social democracy as a wing of fascism
+YJzrKotaFu0-00032-00008009-00008293 this view is accepted by Joseph Stalin
+YJzrKotaFu0-00033-00008294-00008506 who described fascism and social
+YJzrKotaFu0-00034-00008507-00008835 democracy as twin brothers arguing that
+YJzrKotaFu0-00035-00008836-00009052 fascism depends on the active support of
+YJzrKotaFu0-00036-00009053-00009259 the social democracy and that the social
+YJzrKotaFu0-00037-00009260-00009441 democracy depends on the active support
+YJzrKotaFu0-00038-00009442-00009727 of fascism after it was declared at the
+YJzrKotaFu0-00039-00009728-00009921 6th Congress the theory of social
+YJzrKotaFu0-00040-00009922-00010126 fascism became accepted by the world
+YJzrKotaFu0-00041-00010127-00010357 communist movement the new direction was
+YJzrKotaFu0-00042-00010358-00010555 closely linked to the internal politics
+YJzrKotaFu0-00043-00010556-00010705 of the Communist Party of the Soviet
+YJzrKotaFu0-00044-00010706-00011116 Union CPSU after a faction fight inside
+YJzrKotaFu0-00045-00011117-00011269 that party following the death of
+YJzrKotaFu0-00046-00011270-00011557 vladimir lenin in 1924 the victorious
+YJzrKotaFu0-00047-00011558-00011776 group around stalin shifted decisively
+YJzrKotaFu0-00048-00011777-00011964 to the left advocating the end of the
+YJzrKotaFu0-00049-00011965-00012205 mixed economy new economic policy and
+YJzrKotaFu0-00050-00012206-00012391 declaring an intensification of the
+YJzrKotaFu0-00051-00012392-00012591 class struggle inside the soviet union
+YJzrKotaFu0-00052-00012592-00012855 an atmosphere of revolutionary fervor
+YJzrKotaFu0-00053-00012856-00013063 was created that saw any enemy of the
+YJzrKotaFu0-00054-00013063-00013258 ruling group around Stalin denounced as
+YJzrKotaFu0-00055-00013259-00013650 wreckers and traitors and this attitude
+YJzrKotaFu0-00056-00013651-00013869 was translated onto the international
+YJzrKotaFu0-00057-00013870-00014083 stage where both Social Democrats and
+YJzrKotaFu0-00058-00014084-00014263 communists dissidents were denounced as
+YJzrKotaFu0-00059-00014263-00014557 fascists at the same time under
+YJzrKotaFu0-00060-00014558-00014755 leadership of German Chancellor Hermann
+YJzrKotaFu0-00061-00014756-00014950 Muller the Social Democratic Party of
+YJzrKotaFu0-00062-00014951-00015235 Germany SPD agreed with anti-communist
+YJzrKotaFu0-00063-00015236-00015577 parties that red equals brown this led
+YJzrKotaFu0-00064-00015578-00015786 to mutual hostility between Social
+YJzrKotaFu0-00065-00015787-00015979 Democrats and communists which were
+YJzrKotaFu0-00066-00015980-00016269 additionally intensified in 1929 when
+YJzrKotaFu0-00067-00016270-00016494 Berlin's police under control of the SPD
+YJzrKotaFu0-00068-00016495-00016686 government shut down communist workers
+YJzrKotaFu0-00069-00016687-00016839 demonstrating on May Day
+YJzrKotaFu0-00070-00016840-00017092 Berlin's bloody May this and the
+YJzrKotaFu0-00071-00017093-00017269 repressive legislation against the
+YJzrKotaFu0-00072-00017270-00017439 communists that followed served as
+YJzrKotaFu0-00073-00017440-00017611 further evidence to communists that
+YJzrKotaFu0-00074-00017612-00017844 Social Democrats were indeed social
+YJzrKotaFu0-00075-00017845-00018322 fascists in 1931 in Prussia the largest
+YJzrKotaFu0-00076-00018323-00018573 state of Germany the Communist Party of
+YJzrKotaFu0-00077-00018574-00018841 Germany KPD which referred to the Nazis
+YJzrKotaFu0-00078-00018842-00018916 as
+YJzrKotaFu0-00079-00018917-00019189 working peoples comrades United with
+YJzrKotaFu0-00080-00019190-00019378 them an unsuccessful attempt to bring
+YJzrKotaFu0-00081-00019379-00019579 down the state government of SPD by
+YJzrKotaFu0-00082-00019580-00019872 means of a plebiscite German communists
+YJzrKotaFu0-00083-00019873-00020017 continued to deny any essential
+YJzrKotaFu0-00084-00020018-00020233 difference between Nazism and social
+YJzrKotaFu0-00085-00020234-00020538 democracy even after elections in 1933
+YJzrKotaFu0-00086-00020539-00020752 under the leadership of Ernst thälmann
+YJzrKotaFu0-00087-00020753-00021072 the KPD coined the slogan after Hitler
+YJzrKotaFu0-00088-00021073-00021388 our turn strongly believing that united
+YJzrKotaFu0-00089-00021389-00021613 front against Nazis was not needed and
+YJzrKotaFu0-00090-00021614-00021744 that the workers would change their
+YJzrKotaFu0-00091-00021745-00022027 opinion and recognize that Nazism unlike
+YJzrKotaFu0-00092-00022028-00022282 communism did not offer a true way out
+YJzrKotaFu0-00093-00022283-00022474 of Germany's difficulties see also
+YJzrKotaFu0-00094-00022475-00022699 Wilhelm Hoge nur and Walter Colburn Huff
+YJzrKotaFu0-00095-00022700-00022918 after Adolf Hitler's Nazis came to power
+YJzrKotaFu0-00096-00022919-00023188 in Germany the KPD was outlawed and
+YJzrKotaFu0-00097-00023189-00023365 thousands of its members were arrested
+YJzrKotaFu0-00098-00023366-00023593 including Thal men following these
+YJzrKotaFu0-00099-00023594-00023809 events the Comintern did a complete turn
+YJzrKotaFu0-00100-00023810-00024003 on the question of alliance with social
+YJzrKotaFu0-00101-00024004-00024199 democrats in the theory of social
+YJzrKotaFu0-00102-00024200-00024493 fascism was abandoned at the 7th
+YJzrKotaFu0-00103-00024494-00024790 Congress of the Comintern in 1935 Georgi
+YJzrKotaFu0-00104-00024791-00024847 Dimitrov
+YJzrKotaFu0-00105-00024848-00025096 outlined the new policy of the Popular
+YJzrKotaFu0-00106-00025097-00025387 Front in his address for the unity of
+YJzrKotaFu0-00107-00025388-00025703 the working class against fascism the
+YJzrKotaFu0-00108-00025704-00025981 Popular Front did not stop the
+YJzrKotaFu0-00109-00025982-00026652 conclusion of the nazi-soviet pact
+YJzrKotaFu0-00110-00026652-00027243 topic trotsky's criticism
+YJzrKotaFu0-00111-00027244-00027465 Leon Trotsky argued against the
+YJzrKotaFu0-00112-00027466-00027783 accusations of social fascism and in the
+YJzrKotaFu0-00113-00027784-00028039 bulletin of the Opposition of March 1932
+YJzrKotaFu0-00114-00028039-00028354 declared should fascism come to power it
+YJzrKotaFu0-00115-00028355-00028545 will ride over your skulls and spines
+YJzrKotaFu0-00116-00028546-00028815 like a terrific tank
+YJzrKotaFu0-00117-00028816-00029037 and only a fighting unity with the
+YJzrKotaFu0-00118-00029038-00029260 Social Democratic workers can bring
+YJzrKotaFu0-00119-00029261-00029629 victory however Trotsky said in the same
+YJzrKotaFu0-00120-00029630-00029826 essay that any cooperation with the
+YJzrKotaFu0-00121-00029827-00030045 Social Democrats was only tactical in
+YJzrKotaFu0-00122-00030046-00030258 temporary and that in the final analysis
+YJzrKotaFu0-00123-00030259-00030439 the social democracy would have to be
+YJzrKotaFu0-00124-00030439-00030576 defeated and subverted by the
+YJzrKotaFu0-00125-00030577-00030798 revolutionary faction the front must now
+YJzrKotaFu0-00126-00030799-00031045 be directed against fascism and this
+YJzrKotaFu0-00127-00031045-00031255 calm in front of direct struggle against
+YJzrKotaFu0-00128-00031256-00031507 fascism embracing the entire proletariat
+YJzrKotaFu0-00129-00031508-00031714 must be utilized in the struggle against
+YJzrKotaFu0-00130-00031714-00031942 the social democracy directed as a flank
+YJzrKotaFu0-00131-00031943-00032127 attack but no less effective for all
+YJzrKotaFu0-00132-00032128-00032499 that no common platform with the social
+YJzrKotaFu0-00133-00032500-00032680 democracy or with the leaders of the
+YJzrKotaFu0-00134-00032681-00032865 German trade unions no common
+YJzrKotaFu0-00135-00032866-00033189 publications banners placards marched
+YJzrKotaFu0-00136-00033190-00033430 separately but strike together agree
+YJzrKotaFu0-00137-00033431-00033612 only how to strike whom to strike and
+YJzrKotaFu0-00138-00033613-00033870 when to strike such an agreement can be
+YJzrKotaFu0-00139-00033871-00034242 concluded even with the devil himself no
+YJzrKotaFu0-00140-00034243-00034426 retraction of our criticism of the
+YJzrKotaFu0-00141-00034427-00034674 social democracy no forgetting of all
+YJzrKotaFu0-00142-00034675-00034855 that has been the whole historical
+YJzrKotaFu0-00143-00034856-00035055 reckoning including the reckoning for
+YJzrKotaFu0-00144-00035056-00035268 Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg will
+YJzrKotaFu0-00145-00035269-00035436 be presented at the proper time
+YJzrKotaFu0-00146-00035437-00035632 just as the Russian Bolsheviks finally
+YJzrKotaFu0-00147-00035633-00035799 presented a general reckoning to the
+YJzrKotaFu0-00148-00035800-00035998 Mensheviks and social revolutionaries
+YJzrKotaFu0-00149-00035999-00036237 for the baiting calumny imprisonment and
+YJzrKotaFu0-00150-00036238-00036983 murder of workers soldiers and peasants
+YJzrKotaFu0-00151-00036984-00037517 topic see also
+YJzrKotaFu0-00152-00037518-00037791 corporatism progressive corporatism in
+YJzrKotaFu0-00153-00037792-00038147 particular fascist socialization
+YJzrKotaFu0-00154-00038148-00038526 national Bolshevik Party National Party
+YJzrKotaFu0-00155-00038527-00039196 Turkey social corporatism
+YJzrKotaFu0-00156-00039197-00039701 topic footnotes
+YJzrKotaFu0-00157-00039702-00040067 you
+YJzrKotaFu0-00158-00040068-00040614 topic further reading
+YJzrKotaFu0-00159-00040615-00040821 Earl Browder the meaning of social
+YJzrKotaFu0-00160-00040822-00041037 fascism its historical and theoretical
+YJzrKotaFu0-00161-00041038-00041358 background New York workers library
+YJzrKotaFu0-00162-00041359-00041769 publishers 1933 Theodore Draper
+YJzrKotaFu0-00163-00041770-00042090 the ghost of social fascism commentary
+YJzrKotaFu0-00164-00042091-00042657 February 1969 PP 29 to 40 to jail of
+YJzrKotaFu0-00165-00042658-00042861 stone the people's front illusion from
+YJzrKotaFu0-00166-00042862-00043296 social fascism to the people's front New
+YJzrKotaFu0-00167-00043297-00043824 York workers age publishers n D 1937 DM
+YJzrKotaFu0-00168-00043825-00044142 minovsky social democracy stepping stone
+YJzrKotaFu0-00169-00044143-00044352 to fascism or Otto Bowers latest
+YJzrKotaFu0-00170-00044353-00044640 discovery New York workers library
+YJzrKotaFu0-00171-00044641-00045111 publishers n D 1934
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00000-00000054-00000348 Indonesia listen indi Maisie H Z
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00001-00000349-00000603 Indonesian and done SIA officially the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00002-00000604-00000801 Republic of Indonesia Indonesian
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00003-00000802-00001032 Republik Indonesia are public and done
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00004-00001033-00001229 SIA is a country in Southeast Asia
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00005-00001230-00001464 between the Indian and Pacific Oceans it
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00006-00001465-00001730 is the world's largest island country
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00007-00001732-00001989 with more than 17,000 islands and at 1
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00008-00001989-00002202 million nine hundred four thousand five
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00009-00002203-00002550 hundred sixty nine square kilometers 735
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00010-00002551-00002718 thousand three hundred fifty eight
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00011-00002719-00002982 square miles the 14th largest by land
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00012-00002983-00003201 area and the seventh largest in combined
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00013-00003202-00003461 sea and land area with over two hundred
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00014-00003463-00003684 sixty-one million people it is the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00015-00003685-00003888 world's fourth most populous country as
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00016-00003889-00004013 well as the most populous
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00017-00004014-00004338 muslim-majority country Java the world's
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00018-00004339-00004551 most populous island contains more than
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00019-00004552-00004824 half of the country's population the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00020-00004825-00005003 sovereign state is a presidential
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00021-00005004-00005222 constitutional republic with an elected
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00022-00005223-00005541 parliament it has 34 provinces of which
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00023-00005542-00005838 five have special status Jakarta the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00024-00005839-00006042 country's capital is the second most
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00025-00006043-00006318 populous urban area in the world the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00026-00006319-00006536 country shares land borders with Papua
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00027-00006537-00006737 New Guinea East Timor and the eastern
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00028-00006738-00006969 part of Malaysia other neighbouring
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00029-00006970-00007212 countries include Singapore Vietnam the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00030-00007213-00007473 Philippines Australia Palau and India's
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00031-00007473-00007763 Andaman and Nicobar Islands despite its
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00032-00007764-00007959 large population and densely populated
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00033-00007959-00008223 regions Indonesia has vast areas of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00034-00008224-00008426 wilderness that support a high level of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00035-00008427-00008696 biodiversity the country has abundant
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00036-00008697-00008942 natural resources like oil and natural
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00037-00008943-00009269 gas tin copper and gold agriculture
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00038-00009270-00009555 mainly produces rice palm oil tea coffee
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00039-00009556-00009901 cacao medicinal plants spices and rubber
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00040-00009902-00010130 Indonesia's major trading partners are
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00041-00010131-00010439 China United States Japan Singapore and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00042-00010440-00010637 India the Indonesian archipelago has
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00043-00010638-00010851 been an important region for trade since
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00044-00010852-00011045 at least the 7th century when sri
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00045-00011046-00011216 vidhyaa and then later ma japan it
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00046-00011217-00011435 traded with chinese dynasties and indian
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00047-00011436-00011747 kingdoms local rulers gradually absorbed
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00048-00011748-00011978 foreign cultural religious and political
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00049-00011979-00012194 models from the early century CE II and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00050-00012195-00012430 Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms flourished
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00051-00012431-00012669 Indonesian history has been influenced
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00052-00012670-00012869 by foreign powers drawn to its natural
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00053-00012871-00013166 resources Muslim traders and Sufi
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00054-00013168-00013374 scholars brought Islam while European
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00055-00013375-00013440 powers
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00056-00013441-00013644 Christianity and fought one another to
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00057-00013644-00013844 monopolize trade in the Spice Islands of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00058-00013846-00014060 Maluku during the Age of Discovery
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00059-00014061-00014334 Indonesia experienced a long period of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00060-00014335-00014519 Dutch colonialism that started from
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00061-00014521-00014769 Amboyna and Batavia eventually covering
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00062-00014769-00014988 all of the archipelago including Timor
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00063-00014988-00015165 and Western New Guinea and at times
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00064-00015166-00015372 interrupted by Portuguese French and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00065-00015372-00015585 British rule during the decolonization
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00066-00015586-00015869 of Asia after World War Two Indonesia
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00067-00015871-00016172 achieved independence in 1949 following
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00068-00016174-00016362 an armed and diplomatic conflict with
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00069-00016363-00016662 the Netherlands Indonesia consists of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00070-00016663-00016863 hundreds of distinct native ethnic and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00071-00016864-00017060 linguistic groups with the largest and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00072-00017061-00017352 politically dominant ethnic group being
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00073-00017353-00017622 the Javanese a shared identity has
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00074-00017623-00017826 developed defined by a national language
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00075-00017827-00018057 ethnic diversity religious pluralism
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00076-00018058-00018309 within a Muslim majority population and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00077-00018310-00018516 a history of colonialism and rebellion
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00078-00018517-00018776 against it in venetie's national motto
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00079-00018777-00019119 bhinneka tunggal iike unity and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00080-00019120-00019460 diversity literally many yet one
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00081-00019461-00019680 articulates the diversity that shapes
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00082-00019681-00019758 the country
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00083-00019759-00020028 Indonesia's economy is the world's 16th
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00084-00020029-00020280 largest by nominal GDP and the seventh
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00085-00020281-00020667 largest by GDP at PPP Indonesia is a
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00086-00020668-00020838 member of several multilateral
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00087-00020839-00021192 organizations including the UN WTO IMF
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00088-00021193-00021507 and g20 it is also a founding member of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00089-00021508-00021729 non-aligned movement Association of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00090-00021730-00021963 Southeast Asian Nations asia-pacific
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00091-00021964-00022191 Economic Cooperation East Asia Summit
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00092-00022192-00022428 Asian infrastructure investment bank and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00093-00022429-00023151 Organization of Islamic Cooperation
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00094-00023152-00023688 topic etymology
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00095-00023689-00023910 the name Indonesia derives from the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00096-00023911-00024096 Greek name of the Indus Indus and the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00097-00024097-00024333 word Nessus nassos meaning Indian
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00098-00024334-00024603 islands the name dates to the 18th
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00099-00024604-00024825 century far predating the formation of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00100-00024826-00025161 independent Indonesia in 1850 George
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00101-00025162-00025374 Windsor Earl an English ethnologist
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00102-00025375-00025644 proposed the terms Indonesians and his
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00103-00025645-00025850 preference Malaya nations for the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00104-00025851-00026118 inhabitants of the Indian archipelago or
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00105-00026119-00026400 Malayan archipelago in the same
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00106-00026401-00026619 publication one of his students James
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00107-00026620-00026841 Richardson Logan used Indonesia as a
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00108-00026842-00027032 synonym for Indian archipelago
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00109-00027033-00027320 however Dutch academics writing in East
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00110-00027322-00027513 Indies publications were reluctant to
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00111-00027514-00027693 use Indonesia they preferred Malay
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00112-00027694-00027914 Archipelago Meili shark Appel the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00113-00027916-00028107 Netherlands East Indies Netherland Jost
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00114-00028108-00028364 indi popularly indi the East dost and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00115-00028366-00028664 insulin after 1900 Indonesia became more
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00116-00028666-00028881 common in academic circles outside the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00117-00028882-00029055 Netherlands and made of nationalist
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00118-00029056-00029181 groups adopted it for political
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00119-00029182-00029475 expression Adolf Bastian of the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00120-00029476-00029690 University of Berlin popularized the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00121-00029691-00029868 name through his book Indonesian oder
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00122-00029869-00030629 die insulin day Malaysian archipelago
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00123-00030630-00030960 antara when in 1913 he established a
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00124-00030961-00031110 press Bureau in the Netherlands
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00125-00031111-00031764 Indonesia SH pers Bureau
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00126-00031766-00032262 topic history
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00127-00032263-00032601 you
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00128-00032602-00033247 topic early history fossils and the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00129-00033248-00033397 remains of tools showed that the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00130-00033398-00033604 Indonesian archipelago was inhabited by
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00131-00033605-00033955 Homo erectus known as Java man between
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00132-00033956-00034294 1.5 million years ago and 35,000 years
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00133-00034295-00034585 ago Homo sapiens reached the region
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00134-00034586-00034894 around 45,000 years ago Austronesian
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00135-00034895-00035077 peoples who form the majority of the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00136-00035078-00035308 modern population migrated to Southeast
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00137-00035309-00035560 Asia from what is now Taiwan they
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00138-00035561-00035797 arrived around 4,000 years ago and as
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00139-00035798-00035977 they spread through the archipelago can
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00140-00035978-00036172 find the indigenous Melanesians to the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00141-00036173-00036481 far eastern regions ideal agricultural
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00142-00036482-00036649 conditions and the mastering of wet
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00143-00036650-00036859 field rice cultivation as early as the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00144-00036860-00037123 8th century BCE allowed villages towns
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00145-00037124-00037321 and small kingdoms to flourish by the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00146-00037322-00037621 1st century CE II the archipelago's
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00147-00037622-00037849 strategic sea lane position fostered
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00148-00037850-00038026 inter-island and international trade
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00149-00038027-00038245 including links with indian kingdoms and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00150-00038246-00038455 chinese dynasties which were established
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00151-00038456-00038779 several centuries BCE trade has since
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00152-00038780-00038983 fundamentally shaped Indonesian history
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00153-00038984-00039235 from the 7th century CE II the powerful
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00154-00039236-00039430 sure vijaya naval Kingdom flourished as
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00155-00039431-00039634 a result of trade and the influences of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00156-00039635-00039829 Hinduism and Buddhism that were imported
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00157-00039830-00040093 with it between the 8th and 10th century
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00158-00040094-00040345 CE II the agricultural buddhist solyndra
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00159-00040346-00040579 and Hindu matter M dynasties thrived and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00160-00040580-00040789 declined in inland Java leaving grand
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00161-00040790-00041023 religious monuments such as borobudur s
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00162-00041024-00041389 ewu and Prambanan this period marked a
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00163-00041390-00041569 renaissance of Hindu Buddhist art in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00164-00041570-00041851 ancient Java around the 1st quarter of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00165-00041852-00042025 the 10th century the center of the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00166-00042026-00042223 kingdom was shifted from madarame area
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00167-00042224-00042439 in Central Java to Brandis River Valley
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00168-00042440-00042700 in eastern Java by MP usin dock who
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00169-00042701-00042915 established the Hashanah dynasty
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00170-00042916-00043201 subsequently a series of Javanese Hindu
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00171-00043202-00043396 Buddhist holidays rose and fell from
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00172-00043397-00043618 Kahoot upon kingdom ruled by air langa
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00173-00043619-00043918 tuku tyrion singh as re in western Java
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00174-00043919-00044062 soon to Kingdom was re-established
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00175-00044063-00044206 circuit 1030
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00176-00044207-00044344 according to sang Heung 2-pack
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00177-00044345-00044623 inscription in Bali the war made was
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00178-00044624-00044785 established their rule in the 10th
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00179-00044786-00045067 century the Hindu Madhava hid Kingdom
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00180-00045068-00045268 was founded in eastern Java in the late
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00181-00045269-00045514 13th century and under Gadjah Mada its
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00182-00045515-00045658 influence stretched over much of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00183-00045659-00045808 present-day Indonesia
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00184-00045809-00045964 the earliest evidence of Muslim
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00185-00045965-00046186 population in the archipelago dates to
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00186-00046187-00046411 the 13th century in northern Sumatra
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00187-00046412-00046603 although Muslim traders first traveled
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00188-00046604-00046768 through Southeast Asia early in the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00189-00046769-00047005 Islamic era other parts of the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00190-00047006-00047262 archipelago gradually adopted Islam and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00191-00047263-00047461 it was the dominant religion in Java and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00192-00047462-00047637 Sumatra by the end of the sixteenth
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00193-00047638-00047962 century for the most part Islam overlaid
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00194-00047963-00048162 and mixed with existing cultural and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00195-00048163-00048349 religious influences which shaped the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00196-00048350-00048561 predominant form of Islam in Indonesia
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00197-00048562-00049194 particularly in Java
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00198-00049195-00049709 topic colonial-era
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00199-00049710-00049916 the first regular contact between
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00200-00049917-00050090 Europeans and the peoples of the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00201-00050091-00050363 archipelago began in 1512 when
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00202-00050364-00050582 Portuguese traders led by francisco
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00203-00050583-00050627 serrão
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00204-00050628-00050804 sought to monopolize the sources of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00205-00050805-00051092 nutmeg cloves and cuba pepper in Maluku
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00206-00051093-00051366 Dutch and British traders followed in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00207-00051367-00051652 1602 the Dutch established the Dutch
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00208-00051653-00051890 East India Company vo C and in the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00209-00051891-00052054 following decades they gained a foothold
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00210-00052055-00052370 in Batavia and Amboyna for almost 200
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00211-00052371-00052445 years
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00212-00052446-00052589 the company was the dominant European
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00213-00052590-00052862 power in the archipelago it was
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00214-00052863-00053116 dissolved in 1800 following bankruptcy
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00215-00053117-00053285 and the Netherlands established the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00216-00053286-00053465 Dutch East Indies as a nationalized
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00217-00053466-00053534 colony
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00218-00053535-00053732 since the vocs establishment the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00219-00053733-00053909 expansion of Dutch territory had
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00220-00053910-00054115 primarily been motivated by trade
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00221-00054116-00054398 starting from 1840 however the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00222-00054399-00054596 Netherlands began a period of expansion
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00223-00054597-00054791 to enlarge and consolidate their
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00224-00054791-00054995 possessions outside Java mainly to
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00225-00054996-00055187 protect areas already held and to
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00226-00055188-00055382 prevent intervention from other European
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00227-00055383-00055661 powers as a result the Dutch became
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00228-00055662-00055850 involved in numerous Wars against
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00229-00055851-00056024 various native groups in the archipelago
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00230-00056025-00056273 throughout the 19th century such as the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00231-00056274-00056498 Padre war Java war and the long and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00232-00056499-00056798 costly Aceh war it was only in the first
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00233-00056799-00057008 half of the 20th century that the Dutch
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00234-00057009-00057188 achieved dominance over what was to
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00235-00057189-00057350 become Indonesia's current boundaries
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00236-00057351-00057529 with the addition of Western New Guinea
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00237-00057530-00057932 in 1920 in 1901 the Netherlands
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00238-00057933-00058139 introduced the Dutch ethical policy that
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00239-00058140-00058330 was aimed at improving living conditions
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00240-00058332-00058555 and welfare expanding education to
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00241-00058557-00058715 native peoples and preparing the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00242-00058716-00058895 archipelago for self-government under
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00243-00058896-00059161 Dutch control the policy however
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00244-00059162-00059357 inadvertently contributed to the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00245-00059358-00059525 Indonesian national awakening and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00246-00059526-00059704 subsequent rise of independence
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00247-00059705-00059870 movements which the Dutch actively
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00248-00059871-00060146 suppressed during World War two the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00249-00060147-00060398 Empire of Japan invaded and occupied the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00250-00060399-00060602 archipelago effectively ending Dutch
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00251-00060603-00060899 rule famine and forced labour ROM yuusha
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00252-00060900-00061097 were common during the occupation and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00253-00061098-00061277 war crimes were committed in areas that
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00254-00061278-00061454 were deemed important for the Japanese
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00255-00061454-00061775 war effort a later United Nations report
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00256-00061776-00061954 stated that the Japanese occupation
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00257-00061955-00062215 resulted in a total of 4 million deaths
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00258-00062216-00062474 however the occupation proved to be
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00259-00062475-00062639 fundamental for Indonesian independence
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00260-00062640-00062858 as the Japanese encouraged and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00261-00062859-00063098 facilitated Indonesian nationalism from
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00262-00063099-00063335 nationalist figures such as sukarno
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00263-00063336-00063592 Muhammad hada and ki hajar do antara and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00264-00063594-00064284 provided weapons and military training
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00265-00064285-00064776 topic modern era
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00266-00064777-00065004 just two days after the surrender of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00267-00065005-00065244 Japan Sukarno and hada proclaimed
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00268-00065245-00065473 Indonesian independence on the 17th of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00269-00065474-00065736 August 1945 and were selected as the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00270-00065737-00065901 country's first president and vice
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00271-00065902-00066040 president respectively
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00272-00066041-00066231 the Netherlands attempted to
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00273-00066232-00066432 re-establish their rule and an armed and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00274-00066433-00066715 diplomatic struggle ensued in December
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00275-00066716-00066981 1949 the Dutch formally recognized
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00276-00066982-00067171 Indonesian independence in the face of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00277-00067172-00067348 international pressure with the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00278-00067349-00067516 exception of the Netherlands New Guinea
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00279-00067517-00067680 which was later incorporated into
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00280-00067681-00067956 Indonesia following the 1962 New York
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00281-00067957-00068197 agreement and the disputed 1969
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00282-00068198-00068416 referendum that led to the ongoing papua
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00283-00068417-00068671 conflict despite major internal
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00284-00068672-00068925 political social and sectarian divisions
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00285-00068926-00069148 during the conflict Indonesians on the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00286-00069149-00069322 whole found unity in their fight for
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00287-00069323-00069648 independence in the late 1950s
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00288-00069649-00069876 Sukarno moved Indonesia from democracy
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00289-00069877-00070101 towards authoritarianism and maintained
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00290-00070102-00070326 his power base by balancing the opposing
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00291-00070327-00070536 forces of the military and the Communist
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00292-00070537-00070741 Party of Indonesia party communist
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00293-00070742-00071079 Indonesia PKI an attempted coup on the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00294-00071080-00071400 30th of September 1965 was countered by
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00295-00071401-00071580 the army which led a violent purge that
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00296-00071581-00071842 targeted communists ethnic Chinese and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00297-00071843-00072051 alleged leftists during which the PKI
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00298-00072052-00072237 was blamed for the coup and effectively
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00299-00072238-00072504 destroyed the most widely accepted
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00300-00072505-00072774 estimates are that between 500,000 and 1
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00301-00072775-00072940 million people were killed with some
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00302-00072941-00073210 estimates as high as 3 million the head
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00303-00073211-00073382 of the military General Suharto
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00304-00073383-00073593 outmaneuvered the politically weakened
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00305-00073594-00073782 Sukarno and was formally appointed
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00306-00073783-00074130 president in March 1968 his new order
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00307-00074131-00074301 administration was supported by the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00308-00074302-00074505 United States and encouraged foreign
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00309-00074506-00074692 direct investment which was a major
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00310-00074693-00074899 factor in the subsequent three decades
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00311-00074900-00075162 of substantial economic growth however
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00312-00075163-00075424 his administration was widely accused of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00313-00075425-00075579 corruption and suppression of political
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00314-00075580-00075816 opposition Indonesia was the country
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00315-00075817-00076049 hardest hit by the 1997 Asian financial
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00316-00076050-00076390 crisis this increased popular discontent
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00317-00076391-00076569 with the new order and triggered mass
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00318-00076570-00076761 protests across the country which
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00319-00076762-00076984 eventually led to Suharto's resignation
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00320-00076985-00077424 on the 21st of May 1998 in 1999 East
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00321-00077425-00077625 Timor voted to secede from Indonesia
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00322-00077626-00077916 after a 25 year military occupation that
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00323-00077917-00078073 was marked by international condemnation
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00324-00078074-00078149 of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00325-00078150-00078386 oppression of the East Timor's in the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00326-00078387-00078593 post Suharto era a strengthening of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00327-00078594-00078806 democratic processes has included a
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00328-00078807-00079022 regional autonomy program and the first
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00329-00079023-00079333 direct presidential election in 2004
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00330-00079334-00079544 political and economic instability
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00331-00079545-00079820 social unrest corruption and terrorism
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00332-00079821-00080078 slowed progress however in recent years
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00333-00080079-00080284 the economy has performed strongly
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00334-00080285-00080498 although relations among different
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00335-00080499-00080711 religious and ethnic groups are largely
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00336-00080712-00080945 harmonious sectarian discontent and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00337-00080946-00081218 violence have persisted Indonesia was
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00338-00081219-00081482 the worst-hit country by the 2004 Indian
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00339-00081483-00081689 Ocean earthquake and tsunami that killed
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00340-00081690-00081890 an estimated one hundred sixty seven
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00341-00081891-00082322 thousand 736 people mainly in Aceh the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00342-00082323-00082526 aftermath of the disaster played a part
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00343-00082527-00082721 in achieving political settlement to an
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00344-00082722-00082895 armed separatist conflict in the region
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00345-00082896-00083525 in 2005
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00346-00083526-00084056 topic geography
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00347-00084057-00084341 Indonesia lies between latitudes 11
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00348-00084342-00084560 degrees south and 6 degrees north and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00349-00084561-00084899 longitudes 95 degrees east and 141
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00350-00084900-00085124 degrees east it is the largest
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00351-00085125-00085304 archipelago country in the world
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00352-00085305-00085790 extending 5,000 120 kilometers 3181
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00353-00085791-00086159 miles from east to west and 1760
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00354-00086160-00086444 kilometers 1094 miles from north to
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00355-00086445-00086672 south according to the country's
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00356-00086673-00086861 coordinating Ministry for maritime
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00357-00086862-00087274 affairs Indonesia has 17,500 for islands
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00358-00087275-00087566 16,000 56 of which are registered at the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00359-00087567-00087767 UN scattered over both sides of the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00360-00087768-00087986 Equator and with about 6,000 of them are
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00361-00087987-00088265 inhabited the largest are Java Sumatra
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00362-00088266-00088526 Borneo shared with Brunei and Malaysia
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00363-00088527-00088763 Sulawesi and New Guinea shared with
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00364-00088764-00089060 Papua New Guinea Indonesia shares land
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00365-00089061-00089294 borders with Malaysia on Borneo Papua
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00366-00089295-00089465 New Guinea on the island of New Guinea
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00367-00089466-00089669 and East Timor on the island of Timor
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00368-00089670-00089879 and maritime borders with Singapore
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00369-00089880-00090143 Malaysia Vietnam the Philippines Palau
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00370-00090144-00090743 and Australia at 4884 metres 16,000 24
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00371-00090744-00090998 feet Pinchuk Jaya as Indonesia's highest
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00372-00090999-00091214 peak and lake toba in Sumatra as the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00373-00091215-00091598 largest lake with an area of 1145 square
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00374-00091599-00092006 kilometres 442 square miles Indonesia's
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00375-00092007-00092237 largest rivers are in Kalimantan and New
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00376-00092238-00092441 Guinea and include compass burrito
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00377-00092442-00092690 mam brahma Sepik and maja cim such
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00378-00092691-00092894 rivers are communication and transport
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00379-00092895-00093041 links between the islands River
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00380-00093042-00093584 settlements
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00381-00093585-00094020 topic climate
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00382-00094021-00094291 lying along the equator Indonesia's
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00383-00094292-00094501 climate tends to be relatively even year
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00384-00094502-00094852 round Indonesia has two seasons a wet
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00385-00094853-00095125 season and a dry season with no extremes
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00386-00095126-00095359 of summer or winter for most of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00387-00095360-00095557 Indonesia the dry season falls between
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00388-00095558-00095755 April and October with the wet season
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00389-00095756-00095949 between November and March
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00390-00095950-00096190 Indonesia's climate is almost entirely
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00391-00096191-00096418 tropical dominated by the tropical
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00392-00096419-00096613 rainforest climate found in every major
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00393-00096614-00096808 island of Indonesia followed by the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00394-00096809-00096982 tropical monsoon climate that
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00395-00096983-00097207 predominantly lies along Jabba's coastal
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00396-00097208-00097414 North Sulawesi schoo s'tel south and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00397-00097415-00097654 east and Bali and finally the tropical
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00398-00097655-00097846 savanna climate found in isolated
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00399-00097847-00098068 locations of Central Java lowland East
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00400-00098069-00098317 Java coastal southern Papua and smaller
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00401-00098318-00098593 islands to the east of Lombok however
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00402-00098594-00098797 cooler climate types do exist in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00403-00098798-00099121 mountainous regions of Indonesia 1300 to
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00404-00099122-00099664 1500 metres 4,300 to 4900 feet above sea
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00405-00099665-00100000 level the oceanic climate köppen cfb
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00406-00100001-00100216 prevail in highland areas with fairly
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00407-00100217-00100402 uniform precipitation year round
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00408-00100403-00100618 adjacent to rainforest climates while
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00409-00100619-00100807 the subtropical highland climate köppen
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00410-00100808-00101119 CWB exist in highland areas with a more
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00411-00101120-00101311 pronounced dry season adjacent to
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00412-00101312-00101553 tropical monsoon and savanna climates
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00413-00101554-00101857 some regions such as Kalimantan and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00414-00101858-00102061 Sumatra experience only slight
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00415-00102062-00102280 differences in rainfall and temperature
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00416-00102281-00102480 between the seasons whereas others such
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00417-00102481-00102708 as Nusa Tenggara experience far more
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00418-00102709-00102892 pronounced differences with droughts in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00419-00102893-00103098 the dry season and floods in the wet
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00420-00103099-00103375 rainfall is plentiful particularly in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00421-00103376-00103651 west sumatra West Kalimantan West Java
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00422-00103652-00103968 and Papua parts of Sulawesi and some
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00423-00103969-00104191 islands closer to Australia such as
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00424-00104192-00104505 sumba as drier the almost uniformly warm
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00425-00104506-00104709 waters that make up 81 percent of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00426-00104710-00104872 Indonesia's area ensure that
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00427-00104873-00105040 temperatures on land remain fairly
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00428-00105041-00105373 constant the coastal plains averaging 28
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00429-00105374-00105607 degrees Celsius eighty-two point four
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00430-00105608-00105781 degrees Fahrenheit the inland and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00431-00105782-00106018 mountain areas averaging 26 degrees
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00432-00106019-00106198 Celsius 78 point eight degrees
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00433-00106199-00106396 Fahrenheit and the higher mountain
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00434-00106397-00106683 regions 23 degrees Celsius seventy-three
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00435-00106684-00106963 point four degrees Fahrenheit the area's
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00436-00106964-00107224 relative humidity ranges between 70 and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00437-00107225-00107316 90
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00438-00107317-00107490 winds are moderate and generally
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00439-00107491-00107679 predictable with monsoons usually
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00440-00107680-00107841 blowing in from the south and east in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00441-00107842-00107994 June through October and from the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00442-00107995-00108194 Northwest in November through March
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00443-00108195-00108461 typhoons and large-scale storms pose
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00444-00108463-00108678 little hazard to Mariners in Indonesian
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00445-00108679-00108906 waters the major danger comes from Swift
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00446-00108907-00109119 currents and channels such as the Lombok
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00447-00109120-00109694 and sape straits
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00448-00109695-00110204 topic geology
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00449-00110205-00110451 tecktonik Lee Indonesia is highly
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00450-00110452-00110640 unstable making it a site of numerous
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00451-00110641-00110933 volcanoes and frequent earthquakes it
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00452-00110934-00111147 lies on the Pacific Ring of Fire where
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00453-00111148-00111366 the indo-australian plate in the Pacific
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00454-00111367-00111522 plate are pushed under the Eurasian
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00455-00111523-00111720 Plate where they melt at about 100
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00456-00111721-00112044 kilometres 62 miles deep a string of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00457-00112045-00112302 volcanoes runs through sumatra java bali
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00458-00112303-00112521 and Nusa Tenggara and then to the Banda
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00459-00112522-00112698 islands of Maluku - northeastern
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00460-00112699-00113118 Sulawesi of the 400 volcanoes around 130
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00461-00113119-00113592 are active between 1972 and 1991 29
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00462-00113593-00113826 volcanic eruptions were recorded mostly
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00463-00113827-00114134 on Java while volcanic ash has resulted
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00464-00114135-00114327 in fertile soils a factor in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00465-00114328-00114549 historically sustaining high population
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00466-00114550-00114720 densities of Java and Bali
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00467-00114721-00114881 it makes agricultural conditions
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00468-00114882-00115125 unpredictable in some areas a massive
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00469-00115126-00115347 supervolcano erupted at present-day lake
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00470-00115348-00115719 toba around 70,000 BCE it is believed to
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00471-00115720-00115934 have caused a global volcanic winter and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00472-00115935-00116124 cooling of the climate and subsequently
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00473-00116125-00116331 led to a genetic bottleneck in human
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00474-00116332-00116517 evolution though this is still debated
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00475-00116518-00116847 the 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00476-00116848-00117138 the 1883 eruption of Krakatoa were among
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00477-00117139-00117311 the largest in recorded history
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00478-00117313-00117600 the former resulted in 92 thousand
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00479-00117601-00117777 deaths and created an umbrella of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00480-00117778-00117999 volcanic ash which spread and blanketed
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00481-00118000-00118194 parts of the archipelago and made much
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00482-00118195-00118392 of northern hemisphere without summer in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00483-00118393-00118707 1816 the latter produced the loudest
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00484-00118708-00118932 sound in recorded history and resulted
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00485-00118933-00119169 in 36,000 deaths that are attributed to
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00486-00119170-00119373 the eruption itself in the tsunamis it
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00487-00119374-00119660 created significant additional effects
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00488-00119661-00119834 were also felt around the world years
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00489-00119835-00120063 after the eruption recent major
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00490-00120064-00120297 disasters due to seismic activity
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00491-00120298-00120533 include the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00492-00120534-00121298 in the 2006 yogyakarta earthquake
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00493-00121299-00121828 topic biodiversity
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00494-00121829-00122084 indonesia's sighs tropical climate an
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00495-00122085-00122313 archipelago geography support a high
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00496-00122314-00122609 level of biodiversity its flora and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00497-00122610-00122781 fauna as a mixture of Asian and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00498-00122782-00123059 Australasian species the islands of the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00499-00123060-00123377 Sunda shelf sumatra java borneo and bali
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00500-00123378-00123578 were once linked to mainland Asia and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00501-00123579-00123815 have a wealth of Asian fauna large
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00502-00123816-00124026 species such as the Sumatran tiger
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00503-00124027-00124299 rhinoceros orangutan Asian elephant and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00504-00124300-00124488 leopard were once abundant as far east
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00505-00124489-00124713 as Bali but numbers and distribution
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00506-00124714-00125039 have dwindled drastically Sulawesi Nusa
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00507-00125040-00125247 Tenggara and Maluku having been long
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00508-00125248-00125427 separated from the continental land
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00509-00125428-00125649 masses have developed their own unique
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00510-00125650-00125931 flora and fauna Papua was part of the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00511-00125932-00126132 Australian landmass and is home to a
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00512-00126133-00126351 unique fauna and flora closely related
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00513-00126352-00126590 to that of Australia including over 600
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00514-00126591-00126941 bird species forests cover approximately
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00515-00126942-00127263 70% of the country however the forests
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00516-00127264-00127409 of the smaller and more densely
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00517-00127410-00127652 populated Java have largely been removed
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00518-00127653-00127915 for human habitation and agriculture
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00519-00127916-00128204 Indonesia is second only to Australia in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00520-00128205-00128472 terms of total endemic species with 36
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00521-00128473-00128858 percent of its 1531 species of bird and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00522-00128859-00129195 39 percent of its 515 species of mammal
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00523-00129196-00129474 being endemic Indonesia's 80,000
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00524-00129475-00129747 kilometers 50,000 miles of coastline are
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00525-00129748-00130034 surrounded by tropical seas the country
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00526-00130035-00130194 has a range of sea and coastal
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00527-00130195-00130451 ecosystems including beaches sand dunes
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00528-00130452-00130773 estuaries mangroves coral reefs seagrass
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00529-00130774-00131070 beds coastal mud flats tidal flats algal
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00530-00131071-00131302 beds and small island ecosystems
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00531-00131303-00131528 Indonesia is one of Coral Triangle
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00532-00131529-00131681 countries with the world's greatest
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00533-00131682-00131937 diversity of coral reef fish with more
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00534-00131938-00132108 than one thousand six hundred fifty
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00535-00132109-00132324 species in eastern Indonesia only
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00536-00132325-00132522 British naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00537-00132523-00132771 described a dividing line Wallace line
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00538-00132772-00132975 between the distribution of Indonesia's
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00539-00132976-00133253 Asian and Australasian species it runs
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00540-00133254-00133437 roughly north-south along the edge of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00541-00133438-00133640 the Sunda shelf between Kalimantan and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00542-00133641-00133857 Sulawesi and along the deep Lombok
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00543-00133858-00134157 straight between Lombok and Bali flora
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00544-00134158-00134343 and fauna on the west of the line are
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00545-00134344-00134544 more Asian while east from Lombok they
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00546-00134545-00134729 are increasingly Australian until the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00547-00134730-00134976 tipping point at the webber line in his
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00548-00134977-00135198 1869 book the Malay are
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00549-00135199-00135399 peleg Oh Wallace described numerous
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00550-00135400-00135681 species unique to the area the region of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00551-00135682-00135840 islands between his line and New
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00552-00135841-00136475 Guinea's now termed Wallacea
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00553-00136476-00136977 topic environment
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00554-00136978-00137194 indonesia's large and growing population
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00555-00137195-00137473 and rapid industrialization present
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00556-00137474-00137740 serious environmental issues they are
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00557-00137741-00137950 often given a lower priority due to high
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00558-00137951-00138157 poverty levels in weak under-resourced
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00559-00138158-00138397 governance issues include the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00560-00138398-00138598 destruction of peatlands large-scale
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00561-00138599-00138799 illegal deforestation and related
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00562-00138800-00139048 wildfires causing heavy smog over parts
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00563-00139049-00139228 of western Indonesia Malaysia and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00564-00139229-00139462 Singapore over exploitation of marine
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00565-00139463-00139657 resources and environmental problems
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00566-00139658-00139915 associated with rapid urbanization and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00567-00139916-00140113 industrial development including air
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00568-00140114-00140338 pollution traffic congestion garbage
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00569-00140339-00140530 management and reliable water and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00570-00140531-00140785 wastewater services these issues
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00571-00140786-00140986 contribute to Indonesia's poor ranking
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00572-00140987-00141181 in the 2018 environmental performance
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00573-00141182-00141646 index at 133 out of 180 countries the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00574-00141647-00141862 report also indicates that Indonesia's
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00575-00141863-00142030 performance is among the lowest in the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00576-00142031-00142159 asia-pacific region
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00577-00142160-00142366 much of Indonesia's deforestation is
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00578-00142367-00142552 caused by the expansion of palm oil
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00579-00142553-00142801 industry that requires land reallocation
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00580-00142802-00142969 as well as changes to the natural
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00581-00142970-00143257 ecosystems expansions can generate
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00582-00143258-00143452 wealth for local communities but it can
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00583-00143453-00143695 also degrade ecosystems and cause social
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00584-00143696-00143755 problems
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00585-00143756-00144013 this makes Indonesia the world's largest
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00586-00144014-00144267 forest based emitter of greenhouse gases
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00587-00144268-00144532 such activity also threatens the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00588-00144533-00144715 survival of indigenous and endemic
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00589-00144716-00145039 species including 140 species of mammals
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00590-00145040-00145216 identified by the International Union
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00591-00145217-00145492 for Conservation of Nature IUCN as
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00592-00145493-00145678 threatened and 15 is critically
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00593-00145679-00145885 endangered including the Bali Starling
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00594-00145886-00146113 Sumatran orangutan and Javan rhinoceros
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00595-00146114-00146350 Indonesia is considered at serious risk
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00596-00146351-00146572 from projected effects of climate change
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00597-00146573-00146854 it is predicted that unreduced emissions
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00598-00146855-00147052 will see an average temperature rise of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00599-00147053-00147277 around 1 by mid-century amounting to
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00600-00147278-00147490 almost double the frequency of extremely
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00601-00147491-00147814 hot days above 35 per year by 2030 a
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00602-00147815-00147970 figure which is predicted to rise
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00603-00147971-00148219 further by the end of the century this
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00604-00148220-00148411 will raise the frequency of draught and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00605-00148412-00148603 food shortages having an impact on
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00606-00148604-00148798 precipitation and the patterns of wet
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00607-00148799-00148999 and dry seasons upon which Indonesia's
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00608-00149000-00149269 agricultural system is based it will
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00609-00149270-00149503 also encourage diseases and increases in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00610-00149504-00149698 wildfires which threaten the country's
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00611-00149699-00149998 huge rain forests rising sea levels at
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00612-00149999-00150247 current rates will result in 42 million
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00613-00150248-00150354 households in over
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00614-00150355-00150598 mm Islands being at risk of submersion
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00615-00150599-00150900 by mid-century a majority of Indonesia's
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00616-00150901-00151096 population live in low-lying coastal
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00617-00151097-00151357 areas including the capital Jakarta the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00618-00151358-00151641 fastest sinking city in the world poorer
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00619-00151642-00151836 communities will likely be affected the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00620-00151837-00152432 most by climate change
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00621-00152433-00153028 topic government and politics
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00622-00153029-00153232 Indonesia is a republic with a
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00623-00153233-00153472 presidential system as a unitary state
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00624-00153473-00153682 power is concentrated in the central
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00625-00153683-00153925 government following the fall of new
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00626-00153926-00154180 order in 1998 political and governmental
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00627-00154181-00154420 structures have undergone major reforms
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00628-00154421-00154624 with four constitutional amendments
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00629-00154625-00154840 revamping the executive legislative and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00630-00154841-00155104 judicial branches the president of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00631-00155105-00155284 Indonesia as the head of state and head
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00632-00155285-00155488 of government commander-in-chief of the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00633-00155489-00155641 Indonesian National Armed Forces
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00634-00155642-00155983 tantaran a C&L Indonesia TNI and the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00635-00155984-00156199 director of domestic governance policy
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00636-00156200-00156487 making and foreign affairs the President
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00637-00156488-00156685 appoints a council of ministers who are
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00638-00156686-00156856 not required to be elected members of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00639-00156857-00157129 the legislature the president may serve
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00640-00157130-00157330 a maximum of two consecutive five-year
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00641-00157331-00157588 terms the highest representative body at
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00642-00157589-00157753 national level as the people's
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00643-00157754-00157963 consultative assembly Majella spur
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00644-00157964-00158275 Mesilla word and racket MP are its main
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00645-00158276-00158458 functions are supporting and amending
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00646-00158459-00158656 the constitution inaugurating and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00647-00158657-00158854 impeaching the president and formalizing
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00648-00158855-00159163 broad outlines of state policy the MPR
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00649-00159164-00159385 comprises two houses the people's
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00650-00159386-00159580 Representative Council - one pro
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00651-00159581-00159937 aquiline racket DPR with 560 members and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00652-00159938-00160135 the regional representative council -
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00653-00160136-00160579 one per wiki land ira DPD with 132 the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00654-00160580-00160840 DPR passes legislation and monitors the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00655-00160841-00161209 executive branch reforms since 1998 have
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00656-00161210-00161395 markedly increased its role in national
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00657-00161396-00161620 governance while the DPD as a new
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00658-00161621-00161779 chamber for matters of regional
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00659-00161780-00161989 management most civil disputes appear
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00660-00161990-00162157 before the state court punya deal on
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00661-00162158-00162358 Negri appeals are heard before the High
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00662-00162359-00162397 Court
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00663-00162398-00162670 Pung a deal on tingey the Supreme Court
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00664-00162671-00162877 of Indonesia Makaha agging is the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00665-00162878-00163078 country's highest court and hears final
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00666-00163079-00163267 cessation Appeals and conducts case
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00667-00163268-00163513 reviews other courts include the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00668-00163514-00163657 commercial court which handles
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00669-00163658-00163873 bankruptcy and insolvency the State
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00670-00163874-00164092 Administrative Court hung a deal on Tata
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00671-00164093-00164335 negara to hear administrative law cases
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00672-00164336-00164452 against the government the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00673-00164453-00164704 Constitutional Court mikuma constitu see
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00674-00164705-00164917 to hear disputes concerning legality of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00675-00164918-00165157 law general elections dissolution of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00676-00165158-00165337 political parties and the scope of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00677-00165338-00165541 authority of state institutions and the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00678-00165542-00165760 religious court Punga deal on a gamma to
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00679-00165761-00165970 deal with codified Islamic law Sharia
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00680-00165971-00166267 cases in addition the Judicial
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00681-00166268-00166416 Commission camisa u DS
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00682-00166417-00167099 monitors the performance of judges
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00683-00167100-00167622 topic parties and elections
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00684-00167623-00167941 since 1999 Indonesia has had a
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00685-00167942-00168196 multi-party system in all legislative
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00686-00168197-00168415 elections since the fall of new order no
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00687-00168416-00168607 political party has managed to win an
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00688-00168608-00168907 overall majority of seats the Indonesian
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00689-00168908-00169198 Democratic Party of struggle pdi-p which
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00690-00169199-00169417 secured the most votes in the 2014
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00691-00169418-00169606 elections is the party of the current
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00692-00169607-00169864 president Joko Widodo the great
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00693-00169865-00170098 Indonesia movement party Gerindra is the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00694-00170099-00170275 third largest political party
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00695-00170276-00170554 other notable parties include the party
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00696-00170555-00170749 of the functional groups Golkar the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00697-00170750-00170905 Democratic Party and the National
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00698-00170906-00171304 Awakening party PKB based on the 2014
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00699-00171305-00171544 elections the DPR consists of 10
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00700-00171545-00171736 political parties with a parliamentary
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00701-00171737-00172003 threshold of 3.5 percent of the national
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00702-00172004-00172279 vote the first general election was held
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00703-00172280-00172591 in 1955 to elect members of the DPR in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00704-00172592-00172879 the Constituent a at the national level
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00705-00172880-00173056 Indonesians did not elect a president
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00706-00173057-00173431 until 2004 since then the president is
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00707-00173432-00173626 elected for a five-year term as are the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00708-00173627-00173842 party aligned members of the DPR and the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00709-00173843-00174166 non partisan DPD beginning with 2015
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00710-00174167-00174418 local elections Indonesia starts to
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00711-00174419-00174540 elect governors and mayors
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00712-00174541-00175196 simultaneously on the same date
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00713-00175197-00175744 topic political divisions
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00714-00175745-00176074 Indonesia consists of 34 provinces five
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00715-00176075-00176308 of which have special status each
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00716-00176309-00176548 province has its own legislature the one
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00717-00176549-00176842 per aquiline racket deira DP rd and an
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00718-00176843-00177079 elected governor the provinces are
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00719-00177080-00177352 subdivided into regencies kabupaten and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00720-00177353-00177625 cities Kota led by Regents Bhupati and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00721-00177626-00177880 mayor's wali Kota respectively and also
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00722-00177881-00178117 their own legislature DPR D kabupaten
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00723-00178118-00178423 Kota these are further subdivided into
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00724-00178424-00178624 districts kak coumadin or district in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00725-00178625-00178828 Papua and again in two administrative
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00726-00178829-00179107 villages either dessa kelurahan kampung
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00727-00179108-00179284 the gari in west sumatra
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00728-00179285-00179569 or gampa and ah Cheh this number has
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00729-00179570-00179689 evolved over time
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00730-00179690-00179872 the most recent change being the split
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00731-00179873-00180061 of north Kalimantan from east kalimantan
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00732-00180062-00180343 in october 2012 the village is the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00733-00180344-00180460 lowest level of government
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00734-00180461-00180760 administration furthermore it is divided
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00735-00180761-00180961 into several community groups rookin
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00736-00180962-00181189 warga are w which are further divided
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00737-00181190-00181372 into neighborhood groups root Kunta
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00738-00181373-00181720 Tonga RT in Java the village Desa is
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00739-00181721-00181963 divided into smaller units called Dusen
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00740-00181964-00182152 or dukkha Hamlet's which are the same as
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00741-00182153-00182452 RW following the implementation of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00742-00182453-00182695 regional autonomy measures in 2001
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00743-00182696-00182908 regencies and cities have become key
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00744-00182909-00183124 administrative units responsible for
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00745-00183125-00183379 providing most government services the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00746-00183380-00183589 village administration level is the most
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00747-00183590-00183835 influential on a citizens daily life and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00748-00183836-00183985 handles matters of a villager
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00749-00183986-00184150 neighborhood through an elected village
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00750-00184151-00184332 chief Laura or Kapil adesso
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00751-00184333-00184711 H a Jakarta yogyakarta Papua and West
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00752-00184712-00184921 Papua have greater legislative
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00753-00184922-00185086 privileges and a higher degree of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00754-00185087-00185224 autonomy from the central government
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00755-00185225-00185530 than the other provinces a che has the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00756-00185531-00185707 right to create certain elements of an
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00757-00185708-00185896 independent legal system and several
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00758-00185897-00186118 regional parties participate only in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00759-00186119-00186469 elections within the province in 2003 it
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00760-00186470-00186748 instituted a form of Sharia yogyakarta
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00761-00186749-00186958 was granted the status of special region
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00762-00186959-00187132 in recognition of its pivotal role in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00763-00187133-00187324 supporting the Republicans during the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00764-00187325-00187486 national revolution and its willingness
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00765-00187487-00187813 to join indonesia as a republic papua
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00766-00187814-00188074 formerly known as irene Jaya was granted
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00767-00188075-00188350 special autonomy status in 2001 and was
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00768-00188351-00188563 split into Papua and West Papua in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00769-00188564-00188917 February 2003 Jakarta is the country's
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00770-00188918-00189112 special capital region diary
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00771-00189113-00189779 kusa sebou Cody ki
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00772-00189780-00190315 topic foreign relations
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00773-00190316-00190636 Indonesia currently maintains 132
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00774-00190637-00190900 diplomatic missions abroad including 95
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00775-00190901-00191179 embassies the country adheres to what it
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00776-00191180-00191491 calls a free and active foreign policy
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00777-00191492-00191650 seeking to play a role in regional
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00778-00191651-00191857 affairs commensurate with its size and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00779-00191858-00192049 location but avoiding involvement in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00780-00192050-00192264 conflicts among other countries in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00781-00192265-00192541 contrast to Sukarno's anti imperialistic
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00782-00192542-00192760 antipathy to the West's intentions with
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00783-00192761-00192973 Malaysia foreign policy since the new
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00784-00192974-00193165 order has been based on economic and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00785-00193166-00193377 political cooperation with the West
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00786-00193378-00193660 Indonesia maintains close relations with
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00787-00193661-00193810 its neighbors and as a founding member
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00788-00193811-00194092 of a.cian and the East Asia Summit the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00789-00194093-00194317 country restored relations with China in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00790-00194318-00194563 1990 following a freeze in place since
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00791-00194564-00194865 anti-communist purge in the mid-1960s
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00792-00194866-00195157 Indonesia also developed close relations
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00793-00195158-00195334 with the Soviet Union during the first
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00794-00195335-00195667 half of 1960s as with the majority of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00795-00195668-00195877 countries in the Muslim world Indonesia
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00796-00195878-00196078 does not have diplomatic relations with
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00797-00196079-00196279 Israel and has strongly supported the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00798-00196280-00196516 state of Palestine it does however
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00799-00196517-00196756 maintain quiet relations with Israel
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00800-00196757-00196975 particularly in trade tourism and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00801-00196976-00197194 security Indonesia has been a member of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00802-00197195-00197470 the United Nations since 1950 and was a
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00803-00197471-00197626 founding member of the non-aligned
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00804-00197627-00197827 movement Nam and the Organization of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00805-00197828-00198193 Islamic Cooperation OIC Indonesia is
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00806-00198194-00198424 signatory to the Aegean free trade area
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00807-00198425-00198625 agreement the Cairns group and the World
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00808-00198626-00198910 Trade Organization WTO and an occasional
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00809-00198911-00199180 member of OPEC during the Indonesia
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00810-00199181-00199375 Malaysia confrontation Indonesia
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00811-00199376-00199579 withdrew from the UN due to the latter's
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00812-00199580-00199768 election to the United Nations Security
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00813-00199769-00200014 Council although it returned 18 months
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00814-00200015-00200281 later it marked the first time in un
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00815-00200282-00200437 history that a member state had
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00816-00200438-00200701 attempted a withdrawal Indonesia has
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00817-00200702-00200914 been a humanitarian and development aid
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00818-00200915-00201232 recipient since 1966 and recently the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00819-00201233-00201397 country has expressed interest in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00820-00201398-00201984 becoming an a donor
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00821-00201985-00202491 topic military
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00822-00202492-00202796 Indonesia's Armed Forces TN I include
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00823-00202797-00203137 the army TN IAD Navy TN I all which
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00824-00203138-00203396 includes Marine Corps and Air Force T ni
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00825-00203397-00203783 o the army has about 400,000 active duty
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00826-00203784-00203993 personnel defense spending in the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00827-00203994-00204431 national budget was 0.8% of GDP in 2017
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00828-00204432-00204625 and is controversially supplemented by
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00829-00204626-00204811 revenue from military commercial
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00830-00204812-00205069 interests and foundations the Armed
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00831-00205071-00205244 Forces was formed during the Indonesian
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00832-00205244-00205478 national revolution when it undertook a
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00833-00205479-00205666 guerrilla warfare along with informal
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00834-00205667-00205939 militia as a result of this and the need
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00835-00205940-00206123 to maintain internal security all
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00836-00206123-00206344 branches of the TN I have been organized
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00837-00206346-00206539 along territorial lines aimed at
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00838-00206540-00206750 defeating internal enemies and potential
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00839-00206751-00207029 external invaders since its founding the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00840-00207030-00207203 military has always had a strong
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00841-00207204-00207385 political influence reaching its
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00842-00207386-00207573 greatest extent during the new order
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00843-00207575-00207923 following political reforms in 1998 the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00844-00207923-00208123 TN eyes formal representation in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00845-00208125-00208405 Parliament was removed nevertheless its
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00846-00208406-00208619 political influence remains albeit at a
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00847-00208619-00208823 reduced level since independence the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00848-00208823-00209014 country has struggled to maintain unity
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00849-00209015-00209194 against local insurgencies and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00850-00209196-00209467 separatist movements some notably in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00851-00209469-00209686 Aceh and Papua have led to an armed
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00852-00209687-00209912 conflict and subsequent allegations of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00853-00209913-00210113 human rights abuses and brutality from
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00854-00210114-00210377 all sides the former was resolved
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00855-00210378-00210598 peacefully in 2005 while the latter
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00856-00210600-00210805 still continues amid a significant
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00857-00210806-00211016 albeit imperfect implementation of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00858-00211017-00211250 regional autonomy laws and a reported
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00859-00211251-00211439 decline in the levels of violence and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00860-00211440-00211546 human rights abuses
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00861-00211548-00211775 since the presidency of susilo bambang
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00862-00211776-00212071 yudhoyono other engagements of the army
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00863-00212073-00212225 include the campaign against the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00864-00212226-00212405 Netherlands New Guinea to incorporate
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00865-00212406-00212591 the territory into Indonesia the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00866-00212592-00212675 Konfrontasi
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00867-00212676-00212888 to oppose the creation of Malaysia the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00868-00212889-00213137 mass killings of PKI and the invasion of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00869-00213138-00213302 East Timor which was and remains
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00870-00213303-00214044 Indonesia's largest military operation
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00871-00214044-00214562 topic economy
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00872-00214563-00214819 Indonesia has a mixed economy in which
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00873-00214821-00215029 both the private sector and government
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00874-00215030-00215381 play significant roles the country is
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00875-00215382-00215627 the largest economy in Southeast Asia a
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00876-00215628-00215864 member of the g20 and classified as
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00877-00215865-00216209 newly industrialized country as of 2018
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00878-00216210-00216461 it is the world's 16th largest economy
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00879-00216462-00216731 by nominal GDP and seventh largest in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00880-00216732-00217046 terms of GDP at PPP estimated to be one
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00881-00217046-00217271 point zero seven four trillion dollars
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00882-00217271-00217460 and three point four eight one trillion
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00883-00217461-00217802 dollars respectively its per capita GDP
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00884-00217803-00218165 in PPP as 13,000 120 dollars while
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00885-00218166-00218594 nominal per capita GDP as 4116 dollars
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00886-00218594-00218933 the debt ratio to GDP as twenty nine
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00887-00218934-00219203 point two percent the services are the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00888-00219204-00219413 economy's largest sector and accounts
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00889-00219414-00219682 for forty three point six percent of GDP
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00890-00219683-00219959 2017 followed by industry thirty nine
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00891-00219960-00220151 point three percent in agriculture
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00892-00220152-00220519 thirteen point one percent since 2009 it
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00893-00220521-00220685 has employed more people than other
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00894-00220686-00220907 sectors accounting for forty seven point
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00895-00220908-00221081 one percent of the total labor force
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00896-00221082-00221423 followed by agriculture 31.1% an
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00897-00221423-00221773 industry 21.7% over time the structure
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00898-00221775-00222028 of the economy has changed considerably
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00899-00222029-00222230 historically it has been heavily
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00900-00222231-00222448 weighted towards agriculture reflecting
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00901-00222450-00222611 both its stage of economic development
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00902-00222612-00222911 and government policies in the 1950s and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00903-00222912-00223123 1960s to promote agricultural
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00904-00223125-00223430 self-sufficiency a gradual process of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00905-00223431-00223679 industrialization and urbanization began
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00906-00223680-00223946 in the late 1960s and accelerated in the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00907-00223946-00224180 1980s as falling oil prices saw the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00908-00224181-00224378 government focus on diversifying away
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00909-00224379-00224546 from oil exports and towards
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00910-00224546-00224842 manufactured exports this development
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00911-00224844-00225053 continued throughout the 1980s and into
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00912-00225054-00225305 the next decade despite the 1990 aisle
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00913-00225306-00225557 price shot during which the GDP rose at
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00914-00225558-00225923 an average rate of 7.1% the consistent
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00915-00225923-00226091 growth saw the official poverty rate
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00916-00226092-00226313 falling from sixty percent to fifteen
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00917-00226314-00226646 percent from the mid-1980s the economy
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00918-00226646-00226856 became more globally integrated as trade
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00919-00226857-00227138 barriers were reduced the growth however
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00920-00227139-00227371 ended with the 1997 Asian financial
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00921-00227371-00227636 crisis which severely affected Indonesia
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00922-00227637-00227885 both economically and politically
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00923-00227886-00228127 it caused a real GDP contraction by
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00924-00228128-00228566 13.1% in 1998 an inflation reached 72
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00925-00228567-00228962 percent later slowed to 2% in 1999 the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00926-00228963-00229139 economy reached its low point in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00927-00229140-00229553 mid-1999 with only 0.8 percent real GDP
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00928-00229554-00229894 growth recent strong economic growth has
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00929-00229896-00230075 been accompanied by relatively steady
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00930-00230076-00230267 inflation and an increase in GDP
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00931-00230267-00230617 deflator and consumer price index since
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00932-00230617-00230894 2007 with improvement in banking sector
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00933-00230894-00231083 and domestic consumption growth has
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00934-00231084-00231313 accelerated to between 4% and 6%
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00935-00231314-00231431 annually
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00936-00231432-00231717 this helped Indonesia weather the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00937-00231719-00231967 2008-2009 Great Recession during which
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00938-00231969-00232321 the economy performed strongly in 2011
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00939-00232323-00232498 the country regained the investment
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00940-00232500-00232844 grade rating it had lost in 1997 as of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00941-00232844-00233192 2017 10.1 2 percent of the population
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00942-00233192-00233369 lived below the poverty line and the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00943-00233369-00233642 official open unemployment rate was 4.3
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00944-00233642-00233884 percent Indonesia ran a trade surplus in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00945-00233885-00234182 2016 with total exports and imports of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00946-00234183-00234506 140 billion dollars and 132 billion
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00947-00234507-00234785 dollars respectively during the last
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00948-00234786-00235010 five years exports and imports have
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00949-00235011-00235205 decreased at an annual rate of three to
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00950-00235206-00235469 four point eight percent from 224
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00951-00235469-00235787 billion dollars and 173 billion dollars
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00952-00235788-00236108 respectively in 2011 the country's main
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00953-00236109-00236336 exports are led by palm oil and coal
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00954-00236337-00236564 briquettes with jewelry cars and vehicle
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00955-00236565-00236783 parts rubber and copper ore making up
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00956-00236784-00236975 the majority of other exports while
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00957-00236976-00237158 imports mainly consist of refined
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00958-00237159-00237350 petroleum and crude petroleum with
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00959-00237351-00237587 telephones computers vehicle parts and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00960-00237588-00237731 wheat cover the majority of other
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00961-00237732-00238007 imports the country's main export
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00962-00238008-00238385 markets are China 12% United States 11%
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00963-00238386-00238838 Japan 11% Singapore 8% in India 7.2
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00964-00238839-00239036 percent while its main import partners
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00965-00239037-00239213 are China 23%
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00966-00239214-00239675 Singapore 11% Japan 9.8% Thailand six
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00967-00239676-00239879 point five percent and Malaysia five
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00968-00239880-00240459 point four percent
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00969-00240460-00240962 topic transport
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00970-00240963-00241203 Indonesia's transport system has been
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00971-00241204-00241383 shaped over time by the economic
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00972-00241384-00241598 resource base of an archipelago and the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00973-00241600-00241830 distribution of its 250 million people
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00974-00241831-00242109 highly concentrated on Java all
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00975-00242110-00242313 transport modes play a role in the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00976-00242314-00242487 country's transport system and are
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00977-00242488-00242658 generally complementary rather than
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00978-00242659-00243012 competitive in 2016 the transport sector
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00979-00243013-00243371 generated about 5.2 percent of GDP the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00980-00243373-00243582 road transport system is predominant
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00981-00243583-00243876 with a total length of 537 thousand
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00982-00243877-00244044 eight hundred thirty-eight kilometers
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00983-00244044-00244353 three hundred thirty four thousand 197
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00984-00244354-00244541 miles as of 2016
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00985-00244542-00244803 Jakarta has the longest bus rapid
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00986-00244804-00244998 transit system in the world boasting
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00987-00244998-00245363 some 230 point nine kilometers
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00988-00245364-00245709 in 13 corridors and ten cross corridor
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00989-00245710-00246030 routes rickshaws such as Bajaj and becak
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00990-00246031-00246269 and share taxis such as angkot and metro
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00991-00246271-00246461 mimi are a common sight in the country
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00992-00246462-00246762 most of Indonesia's railways are located
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00993-00246763-00246971 in Java used for both passenger and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00994-00246973-00247223 freight transport the intercity rail
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00995-00247225-00247421 network is complemented by local
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00996-00247423-00247592 commuter rail services in greater
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00997-00247594-00247946 Jakarta Surabaya and bond on mass rapid
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00998-00247948-00248163 transit and light rail transit systems
+YNlcA7bSeA8-00999-00248164-00248331 are currently under construction in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01000-00248332-00248514 Jakarta and palembang and a plan to
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01001-00248515-00248712 build a high-speed rail was announced in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01002-00248713-00248948 2015 the first in Southeast Asia
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01003-00248950-00249146 Indonesia's largest airport
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01004-00249148-00249384 soekarno-hatta International Airport is
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01005-00249385-00249519 the busiest in the southern hemisphere
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01006-00249519-00249890 serving 63 million passengers in 2017
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01007-00249891-00250169 maguro Rai International Airport and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01008-00250171-00250356 Wenda International Airport are the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01009-00250357-00250500 country's second and third busiest
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01010-00250501-00250776 airport respectively Garuda Indonesia
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01011-00250777-00251139 the country's flag carrier since 1949 is
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01012-00251140-00251340 one of the world's leading airlines and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01013-00251341-00251519 a member of the global airline alliance
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01014-00251521-00251850 SkyTeam port of Tanjung priyo si busiest
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01015-00251851-00252036 and most advanced Indonesian port
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01016-00252037-00252288 handling more than 50% of Indonesia's
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01017-00252289-00252942 transshipment cargo traffic
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01018-00252944-00253421 topic energy
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01019-00253421-00253744 in 2016 Indonesia was the world's ninth
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01020-00253746-00253976 largest energy producer with sixteen
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01021-00253977-00254264 point eight quadrillion Btu and the 15th
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01022-00254265-00254501 largest energy consumer with 7.5
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01023-00254502-00254825 quadrillion Btu the country has
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01024-00254826-00255113 significant energy resources such as 22
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01025-00255114-00255335 billion barrels of conventional oil and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01026-00255336-00255544 gas reserves of which about 4 billion
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01027-00255546-00255785 are recoverable 8 billion barrels of oil
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01028-00255786-00256042 equivalent of coal based methane CBM
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01029-00256044-00256292 resources and 28 billion tons of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01030-00256292-00256541 recoverable coal while reliance of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01031-00256542-00256742 domestic coal and imported oil has
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01032-00256742-00256982 increased Indonesia has seen progress in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01033-00256983-00257219 renewable energy with hydropower being
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01034-00257219-00257371 the country's largest source of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01035-00257373-00257561 renewable power and has the potential
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01036-00257562-00257852 for geothermal solar wind biomass and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01037-00257853-00258125 ocean energy Indonesia has set out to
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01038-00258126-00258434 achieve 23% use of renewable energy by
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01039-00258435-00258944 2025 and 31% by 2050 as of 2015
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01040-00258944-00259163 Indonesia's total national installed
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01041-00259164-00259451 power generation capacity stands at 55
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01042-00259452-00259655 thousand five hundred twenty eight point
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01043-00259656-00259904 five one megawatts Shatila her dam the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01044-00259905-00260102 country's largest dam serves several
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01045-00260103-00260296 purposes including the provision of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01046-00260298-00260507 hydroelectric power generation water
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01047-00260508-00260746 supply flood control irrigation and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01048-00260748-00261092 aquaculture the earth fill dam is 105
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01049-00261092-00261398 metres 344 feet high and withholds a
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01050-00261398-00261646 reservoir of 3 billion cubic meters two
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01051-00261648-00261857 million four hundred thirty two thousand
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01052-00261858-00262115 one hundred forty acre feet it helps
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01053-00262116-00262289 supplying water to Jakarta and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01054-00262290-00262667 irrigating 240 thousand hectares 593
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01055-00262668-00262868 thousand fifty three acres of rice
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01056-00262869-00263090 fields and has an installed capacity of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01057-00263091-00263261 one hundred eighty six point five
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01058-00263262-00263489 megawatts which feeds into the Java grid
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01059-00263490-00263705 managed by the state electricity company
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01060-00263706-00264423 perusahaan list Ric negara PLN
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01061-00264424-00265009 topic science and technology
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01062-00265010-00265269 Indonesia's expenditure on science and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01063-00265270-00265500 technology is relatively low at less
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01064-00265501-00265985 than 0.1 percent of GDP 2017 as a result
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01065-00265986-00266148 it is not considered as a leading
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01066-00266149-00266435 country on the subject however there are
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01067-00266436-00266673 several examples of notable scientific
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01068-00266674-00266841 and technological developments by
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01069-00266842-00267114 Indonesians living in agrarian and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01070-00267115-00267297 maritime culture they have been famous
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01071-00267298-00267588 in some traditional technologies in the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01072-00267589-00267753 former as with other nations in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01073-00267754-00267966 Southeast Asia they are famous in paddy
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01074-00267967-00268272 cultivation technique Terra Sri Bugis
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01075-00268273-00268437 and Makassar people are well known in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01076-00268438-00268658 the latter making wooden sailing vessel
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01077-00268659-00268958 called penny see boats in the 1980s
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01078-00268959-00269214 Indonesian engineer TJ o kore de Rocca
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01079-00269215-00269400 sukhavati invented a road construction
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01080-00269401-00269664 technique named socio bahu that allows
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01081-00269665-00269847 long stretches of flyovers to be
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01082-00269848-00270042 constructed above existing main roads
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01083-00270043-00270324 with minimum traffic disruption it later
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01084-00270325-00270522 became widely used in several countries
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01085-00270523-00270807 the country is also an active producer
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01086-00270808-00271010 of passenger trains and freight wagons
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01087-00271011-00271197 with its state-owned train manufacturer
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01088-00271198-00271392 company the Indonesian railway industry
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01089-00271393-00271641 Inca and has exported trains abroad
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01090-00271642-00271830 Indonesia has a long history in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01091-00271831-00272037 developing military and small commuter
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01092-00272038-00272210 aircraft as the only country in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01093-00272211-00272415 Southeast Asia to produce and develop
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01094-00272416-00272649 its own aircraft with state-owned
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01095-00272650-00272834 aircraft company the Indonesian
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01096-00272835-00273150 aerospace PT Durgin tera Indonesia
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01097-00273151-00273324 Indonesia has produced aircraft
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01098-00273325-00273549 components for Boeing and Airbus and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01099-00273550-00273804 with EAD s Casa of Spain developed the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01100-00273805-00274125 CN 235 aircraft that has been exported
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01101-00274126-00274452 abroad former president BJ Habibi played
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01102-00274453-00274652 an important role in this achievement
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01103-00274653-00274890 Indonesia has also joined the South
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01104-00274891-00275094 Korean program to manufacture the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01105-00275095-00275343 fifth-generation jet fighter kai KFX
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01106-00275344-00275592 indonesia has its own space program and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01107-00275593-00275826 Space Agency the National Institute of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01108-00275827-00276048 Aeronautics and Space limbic appender
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01109-00276049-00276306 Bank and an enteric so Nacional upon in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01110-00276307-00276639 the 1970s Indonesia became the first
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01111-00276640-00276825 developing country to operate its own
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01112-00276826-00277107 satellite system called palapa it is a
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01113-00277108-00277334 series of communication satellites owned
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01114-00277335-00277590 by Indosat ooredoo the first satellite
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01115-00277591-00277808 palapa a1 was launched on the 8th of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01116-00277809-00278124 July 1976 from the Kennedy Space Center
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01117-00278125-00278335 in Florida United States
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01118-00278336-00278674 as of 2017 Indonesia has launched 16
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01119-00278675-00278893 satellites for various purposes and the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01120-00278894-00279127 Space Agency has expressed desire to put
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01121-00279128-00279307 satellites in orbit with native launch
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01122-00279308-00279936 vehicles by 2040
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01123-00279937-00280408 topic tourism
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01124-00280409-00280654 tourism contributes around twenty eight
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01125-00280655-00280987 point two billion dollars to GDP in 2017
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01126-00280988-00281286 in the same year Indonesia received
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01127-00281287-00281575 14.04 million visitors a growth of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01128-00281576-00281764 twenty one point eight percent in one
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01129-00281765-00281968 year spending an average of two thousand
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01130-00281969-00282136 nine dollars per person during their
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01131-00282137-00282502 visit China Singapore Malaysia Australia
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01132-00282503-00282712 and Japan are the top five source of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01133-00282713-00283027 visitors to Indonesia since January 2011
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01134-00283028-00283276 wonderful Indonesia has been the slogan
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01135-00283277-00283468 of an international marketing campaign
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01136-00283469-00283678 directed by the Ministry of Tourism to
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01137-00283679-00283885 promote tourism nature and culture our
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01138-00283886-00284092 major attractions of indonesian tourism
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01139-00284093-00284299 the former can boast a unique
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01140-00284300-00284509 combination of tropical climate vast
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01141-00284510-00284710 archipelago and long stretch of beaches
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01142-00284711-00284932 and are complemented by a rich cultural
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01143-00284933-00285115 heritage that reflects Indonesia's
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01144-00285116-00285348 dynamic history and ethnic diversity
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01145-00285349-00285613 Indonesia has a well preserved natural
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01146-00285614-00285829 ecosystem with rainforests that stretch
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01147-00285830-00286084 over about 57 percent of Indonesia's
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01148-00286085-00286462 land 225 million acres forests on
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01149-00286463-00286708 Sumatra and Kalimantan are examples of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01150-00286709-00286906 popular destinations such as the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01151-00286907-00287176 orangutans wildlife reserve moreover
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01152-00287177-00287392 Indonesia has one of world's longest
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01153-00287393-00287671 coastlines measuring 54 thousand seven
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01154-00287672-00287935 hundred sixteen kilometers 33 thousand
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01155-00287936-00288109 nine hundred ninety nine miles
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01156-00288110-00288361 the ancient prambanan and borobudur
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01157-00288362-00288610 temples Toraja and bali with its hindu
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01158-00288611-00288787 festivities are some of the popular
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01159-00288788-00289020 destinations for cultural tourism
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01160-00289021-00289264 Indonesia has eight UNESCO World
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01161-00289265-00289492 Heritage sites including the Borobudur
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01162-00289493-00289669 temple compounds in the Komodo National
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01163-00289670-00289927 Park and a further 19 in tentative list
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01164-00289928-00290128 that includes the Jakarta Old Town
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01165-00290129-00290341 bunaken National Park and Raja Ampat
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01166-00290342-00290668 Islands the heritage tourism is focused
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01167-00290669-00290860 on specific interest on Indonesian
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01168-00290861-00291088 history such as colonial architectural
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01169-00291089-00291265 heritage of the Dutch East Indies
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01170-00291266-00291511 other activities include visiting
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01171-00291512-00291766 museums churches forts and historical
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01172-00291767-00291952 colonial buildings as well as spending
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01173-00291953-00292173 some nights in colonial heritage hotels
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01174-00292174-00292483 the popular heritage tourism attractions
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01175-00292484-00292678 include the Jakarta Old Town and the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01176-00292679-00292863 Royal Javanese courts of Yogyakarta
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01177-00292864-00293257 Surakarta and the Montenegrin the 2017
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01178-00293258-00293443 travel and tourism Competitiveness
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01179-00293444-00293760 Report ranks Indonesia 42nd out of 100
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01180-00293761-00293955 six countries overall with a score of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01181-00293956-00294238 4.2 it ranks the price competitiveness
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01182-00294239-00294501 of Indonesia's tourism sector the fifth
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01183-00294502-00294831 out of 136 countries it states that
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01184-00294832-00295083 Indonesia has a strong visa policy and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01185-00295084-00295273 scored well on international openness
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01186-00295274-00295591 ranked second and 17th respectively the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01187-00295592-00295822 country also scores well on natural and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01188-00295823-00296113 cultural resources ranked 17th and 23rd
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01189-00296114-00296207 respectively
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01190-00296208-00296484 however Indonesia has a low score in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01191-00296485-00296724 infrastructure ranked 96th as some
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01192-00296725-00296923 aspect of tourist service infrastructure
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01193-00296924-00297524 our underdeveloped
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01194-00297525-00298062 topic demographics
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01195-00298063-00298341 the 2010 census recorded Indonesia's
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01196-00298342-00298677 population as 237 point six million with
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01197-00298678-00298896 high population growth at one point nine
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01198-00298897-00299142 percent 58 percent of the population
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01199-00299143-00299364 lives in Java the world's most populous
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01200-00299365-00299733 island the population density is 138
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01201-00299734-00300045 people per square kilometre 357 per
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01202-00300046-00300138 square miles
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01203-00300139-00300351 ranking 88th in the world although Java
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01204-00300352-00300672 has a population density of 1000 67
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01205-00300673-00301020 people per square kilometer 2435 per
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01206-00301021-00301317 square miles the population is unevenly
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01207-00301318-00301482 spread throughout the islands within a
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01208-00301483-00301683 variety of habitats and levels of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01209-00301684-00301863 development ranging from the megalopolis
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01210-00301864-00302097 of Jakarta to uncontacted tribes in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01211-00302098-00302496 Papua in 1961 the first post-colonial
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01212-00302497-00302760 census gave a total population of 97
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01213-00302761-00303003 million the country currently possess a
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01214-00303004-00303198 relatively young population with a
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01215-00303199-00303386 median age of thirty point two years
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01216-00303387-00303741 2017 estimate the population is expected
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01217-00303742-00304083 to grow to around 295 million by 2030
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01218-00304084-00304518 and 321 million by 2050 around 8 million
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01219-00304519-00304767 Indonesians live overseas with most of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01220-00304768-00304956 them settled in Malaysia Netherlands
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01221-00304957-00305220 Saudi Arabia United Arab Emirates Hong
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01222-00305221-00305454 Kong Singapore United States and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01223-00305455-00306001 Australia
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01224-00306002-00306565 topic ethnicity and language
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01225-00306566-00306804 Indonesia is a very ethnically diverse
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01226-00306805-00307074 country with around 300 distinct native
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01227-00307075-00307390 ethnic groups most Indonesians descend
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01228-00307391-00307591 from Austronesian speaking peoples whose
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01229-00307592-00307765 languages can be traced to pro2
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01230-00307766-00307996 Austronesian which possibly originated
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01231-00307997-00308122 in what is now Taiwan
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01232-00308123-00308323 another major grouping are the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01233-00308324-00308499 Melanesians who inhabit eastern
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01234-00308500-00308727 Indonesia Maluku Islands in western New
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01235-00308728-00308965 Guinea the Javanese are the largest
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01236-00308966-00309204 ethnic group comprising forty point two
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01237-00309205-00309424 percent of the population they are
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01238-00309425-00309637 predominantly located in the central two
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01239-00309638-00309801 eastern parts of Java and also
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01240-00309802-00310039 significant numbers in most provinces of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01241-00310040-00310315 Indonesia the Sundanese Batak and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01242-00310316-00310516 Madurese are the largest non Javanese
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01243-00310517-00310798 groups a sense of Indonesian nationhood
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01244-00310799-00310990 exists alongside strong regional
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01245-00310991-00311287 identities the country's official
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01246-00311288-00311478 language is Indonesian a variant of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01247-00311479-00311674 Malay based on its prestige dialect
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01248-00311675-00311856 which for centuries had been the lingua
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01249-00311857-00312091 franca of the archipelago it was
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01250-00312092-00312340 promoted by nationalists in the 1920s
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01251-00312341-00312528 and declared the official language under
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01252-00312529-00312889 the name bahasa indonesia in 1945 as a
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01253-00312890-00313104 result of contact with other languages
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01254-00313105-00313332 spanning centuries it is rich in local
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01255-00313333-00313540 and foreign influences including from
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01256-00313541-00313819 Javanese Sundanese minangkabau hindi
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01257-00313820-00314113 Sanskrit Chinese Arabic Dutch Portuguese
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01258-00314114-00314221 in English
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01259-00314222-00314467 nearly every Indonesian speaks the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01260-00314468-00314647 language due to its widespread use in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01261-00314648-00314910 education academics communications
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01262-00314911-00315249 business politics and mass media most
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01263-00315250-00315480 Indonesians also speak at least one of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01264-00315481-00315739 more than 700 local languages often as
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01265-00315740-00315833 their first language
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01266-00315834-00316099 some belong to the Austronesian language
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01267-00316100-00316420 family while over 270 papua new jiz are
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01268-00316421-00316674 spoken in eastern indonesia of these
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01269-00316675-00316902 Javanese as the most widely spoken in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01270-00316903-00317175 1930 Dutch and other Europeans Totec
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01271-00317176-00317392 Eurasians and derivative people like the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01272-00317393-00317778 indus numbered 240,000 or 0.4 percent of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01273-00317779-00318051 the total population historically they
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01274-00318052-00318268 constituted only a tiny fraction of the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01275-00318269-00318466 native population and continued to do so
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01276-00318467-00318537 today
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01277-00318538-00318779 despite the Dutch presence for almost
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01278-00318780-00319039 350 years the Dutch language has no
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01279-00319040-00319267 official status and the small minority
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01280-00319268-00319447 that can speak the language fluently are
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01281-00319448-00319632 either educated members of the oldest
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01282-00319633-00319819 generation or employed in the legal
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01283-00319820-00319930 profession as sir
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01284-00319931-00320125 la codes are still only available in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01285-00320126-00320642 Dutch
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01286-00320643-00321152 topic urban centers
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01287-00321153-00321493 you
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01288-00321494-00321981 topic religion
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01289-00321982-00322236 while religious freedom is stipulated in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01290-00322237-00322371 the Constitution the government
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01291-00322372-00322635 officially recognizes only six religions
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01292-00322636-00322907 Islam Protestantism Roman Catholicism
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01293-00322908-00323172 Hinduism Buddhism and Confucianism
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01294-00323173-00323331 although indigenous faiths are also
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01295-00323332-00323622 recognized Indonesia as the world's most
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01296-00323623-00323888 populous muslim-majority country with
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01297-00323889-00324225 227 million adherents in 2017 with the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01298-00324226-00324576 majority being Sunnis 99% the Shia's and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01299-00324577-00324882 ahmadies respectively constitutes 0.5%
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01300-00324883-00325238 and 0.2% of the Muslim population
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01301-00325239-00325515 Christians made up almost 10% of the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01302-00325516-00325803 population seven percent Protestant 2.9
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01303-00325804-00326097 percent Roman Catholic 1.6 percent were
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01304-00326098-00326411 Hindu and 0.8% were Buddhist or other
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01305-00326412-00326709 most Indonesian Hindus are Balinese and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01306-00326710-00326951 most Buddhists are ethnic Chinese an
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01307-00326952-00327195 overwhelming majority of Indonesians
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01308-00327196-00327423 consider religion to be very important
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01309-00327424-00327618 and its role are present in almost all
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01310-00327619-00327861 aspects of society including politics
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01311-00327862-00328127 education marriage and public holidays
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01312-00328128-00328467 10 out of 15 national holidays scheduled
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01313-00328468-00328812 for 2019 are related to religion prior
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01314-00328813-00329034 to the arrival of Hinduism Buddhism and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01315-00329035-00329238 Abrahamic religions the natives of the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01316-00329239-00329421 Indonesian archipelago practiced
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01317-00329422-00329658 indigenous animism and dynamism beliefs
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01318-00329659-00329841 that are common to Austronesian people
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01319-00329842-00330117 they venerated and revered ancestral
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01320-00330118-00330312 spirit and believed that supernatural
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01321-00330313-00330546 spirits Jung may inhabit certain places
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01322-00330547-00330828 such as large trees stones forests
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01323-00330829-00331167 mountains or sacred places examples of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01324-00331168-00331395 Indonesian native belief systems include
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01325-00331396-00331590 the Sundanese soon to wee-wee tong die
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01326-00331591-00331818 axe kaha ringen Torajan all ik to dole
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01327-00331819-00332004 oh man you Silla and knew a lose now
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01328-00332005-00332217 ruse but Tok spar Mahlum faith and the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01329-00332218-00332436 Javanese kg when they have had
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01330-00332437-00332640 significant impact on how other faiths
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01331-00332641-00332820 are practiced evidenced by a large
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01332-00332821-00333048 proportion of people such as the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01333-00333049-00333282 Javanese of baingan Balinese Hindus and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01334-00333283-00333528 Dayak Christians practicing a less
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01335-00333529-00333717 orthodox syncretic form of their
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01336-00333718-00333912 religion Hindu influences reached the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01337-00333913-00334083 archipelago as early as the first
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01338-00334084-00334461 century CE II around 130 a Sundanese
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01339-00334462-00334677 kingdom named sally kendoo gara emerged
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01340-00334678-00334854 in western Java and as the first
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01341-00334855-00335091 historically recorded indianized kingdom
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01342-00335092-00335313 in the archipelago created by an indian
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01343-00335314-00335343 tre
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01344-00335344-00335514 after marrying a local Sundanese
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01345-00335515-00335802 princess arriving around the 6th century
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01346-00335803-00336048 the history of Buddhism in Indonesia is
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01347-00336049-00336270 closely related to that of Hinduism as a
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01348-00336271-00336465 number of empires based on Buddhist
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01349-00336466-00336645 culture were established around the same
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01350-00336646-00336921 period the archipelago has witnessed the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01351-00336922-00337101 rise and fall of powerful and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01352-00337102-00337305 influential Hindu and Buddhist empires
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01353-00337306-00337532 such as Madhava hit sail Indra sure
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01354-00337533-00337791 Vijaya and mater ham though no longer a
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01355-00337792-00338030 majority Hinduism and Buddhism remain
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01356-00338031-00338229 defining influences in Indonesian
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01357-00338230-00338529 culture Islam was introduced to the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01358-00338530-00338727 archipelago by Sunni traders of the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01359-00338728-00338940 Shafie school of jurisprudence as well
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01360-00338941-00339105 as sufi traders from the Indian
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01361-00339106-00339281 subcontinent and southern Arabian
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01362-00339282-00339557 Peninsula it's spread was accelerated by
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01363-00339558-00339768 missionary works such as by the wali
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01364-00339769-00340020 Sangha and Chinese explorer Jeong V and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01365-00340021-00340251 military campaigns by several sultanates
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01366-00340252-00340548 for the most part Islam overlaid and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01367-00340549-00340752 mixed with non Islamic cultural and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01368-00340753-00340965 religious influences that resulted in a
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01369-00340966-00341190 distinct form of Islam particularly in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01370-00341191-00341463 comparison to the Middle East trends of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01371-00341464-00341657 thought within Islam in the country can
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01372-00341658-00341820 be broadly categorized into two
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01373-00341821-00342131 orientations modernism which closely
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01374-00342132-00342369 adheres to orthodoxy while embracing
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01375-00342370-00342675 modern learning and traditionalism which
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01376-00342676-00342873 tends to follow the interpretations of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01377-00342874-00343082 local religious leaders and teachers at
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01378-00343083-00343310 Islamic boarding schools pesantren that
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01379-00343311-00343521 are supported by Indonesia's two largest
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01380-00343522-00343767 Islamic civil society groups muhammediye
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01381-00343768-00344051 and not little ulama respectively
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01382-00344052-00344217 catholicism was brought to the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01383-00344218-00344442 archipelago by Portuguese traders and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01384-00344443-00344643 missionaries such as jesuit francis
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01385-00344644-00344901 xavier who visited and baptised several
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01386-00344902-00345147 thousand locals it's spread faced
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01387-00345148-00345383 difficulty due to the voz policy of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01388-00345384-00345522 banning the religion and the Dutch
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01389-00345523-00345699 hostility due to the eighty years war
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01390-00345700-00345926 against Catholic Spain's rule in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01391-00345927-00346184 present-day Flores the royal house of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01392-00346185-00346368 larren Tuukka formed the only native
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01393-00346369-00346539 catholic kingdom in Southeast Asia
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01394-00346540-00346788 around 16th century with the first king
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01395-00346789-00347103 named Lorenzo Protestantism is largely a
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01396-00347104-00347280 result of Calvinist and Lutheran
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01397-00347281-00347439 missionary efforts during the Dutch
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01398-00347440-00347684 colonial era although they are the most
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01399-00347685-00347880 common branch a multitude of other
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01400-00347881-00348072 denominations can be found elsewhere in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01401-00348073-00348378 Indonesia the Batak Protestant Christian
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01402-00348379-00348645 Church founded in 1861 by German
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01403-00348646-00348723 Lutheran mission
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01404-00348724-00348939 Ludwig ingore Naaman sin' is the largest
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01405-00348940-00349463 one
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01406-00349464-00350024 topic education and health
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01407-00350025-00350283 education in Indonesia is compulsory for
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01408-00350284-00350514 12 years parents can choose between
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01409-00350515-00350784 state-run non-sectarian public schools
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01410-00350785-00350967 supervised by the Ministry of Education
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01411-00350968-00351188 and Culture or private or semi-private
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01412-00351189-00351441 religious usually Islamic schools
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01413-00351442-00351609 supervised and financed by the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01414-00351610-00351897 Department of Religious Affairs private
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01415-00351898-00352074 international schools which are not
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01416-00352075-00352248 based on the National Curriculum are
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01417-00352249-00352560 also available the enrolment rate is 90
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01418-00352561-00352869 percent for primary education 76 percent
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01419-00352870-00353097 for secondary education and 24 percent
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01420-00353098-00353508 for tertiary education 2015 the literacy
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01421-00353509-00353859 rate is 95 point to 2% 2016 and the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01422-00353860-00354216 government spends about 3.5 9% of GDP
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01423-00354217-00354609 2015 on education in 2018 there were
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01424-00354610-00354894 more than 4500 higher educational
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01425-00354895-00355155 institutions in Indonesia the top
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01426-00355156-00355320 universities in the country are
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01427-00355321-00355518 University of Indonesia bonding
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01428-00355519-00355722 Institute of Technology and Gadjah Mada
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01429-00355723-00356019 University all of them are located in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01430-00356020-00356298 Java and dollas University is pioneering
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01431-00356299-00356451 the establishment of a leading
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01432-00356452-00356673 University outside of Java government
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01433-00356674-00356937 expenditure on health care as about 3.1
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01434-00356938-00357240 percent of GDP in 2012 and is expected
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01435-00357241-00357600 to increase by 11.7% a year and reach 47
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01436-00357601-00357987 point 1 billion dollars by 2022 citizens
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01437-00357988-00358161 are protected under the national health
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01438-00358162-00358338 insurance jamming in Kesha Haughton
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01439-00358339-00358605 Nacional jkn a scheme to implement
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01440-00358606-00358854 universal healthcare launched in 2014
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01441-00358855-00359178 under jkn citizens will receive coverage
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01442-00359179-00359370 for a range of health services from
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01443-00359371-00359562 public as well as private firms that
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01444-00359563-00359823 have opted to join the scheme in recent
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01445-00359824-00359994 decades health indicators have
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01446-00359995-00360186 significantly improved such as rising
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01447-00360187-00360600 life expectancy from 63 in 1990 to 71 in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01448-00360601-00360873 2012 and declining child mortality from
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01449-00360874-00361251 84 deaths per 1000 births in 1990 to 27
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01450-00361252-00361593 deaths in 2015 nevertheless Indonesia
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01451-00361594-00361803 continues to face health challenges that
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01452-00361804-00362010 include maternal and child health low
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01453-00362011-00362226 air quality malnutrition high rate of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01454-00362227-00362911 smoking and communicable diseases
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01455-00362912-00363400 topic issues
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01456-00363401-00363655 close to 80% of Indonesia's population
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01457-00363656-00363862 lives in the western parts of the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01458-00363863-00364030 archipelago but they are growing at a
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01459-00364031-00364225 slower pace than the rest of the country
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01460-00364226-00364459 this has created a gap in wealth
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01461-00364460-00364651 unemployment rate and health between
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01462-00364652-00364900 densely populated islands and economic
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01463-00364901-00365119 centres such as Sumatra and Java and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01464-00365120-00365380 sparsely populated disadvantaged areas
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01465-00365381-00365692 such as Maluku in Papua racism
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01466-00365693-00365923 especially against Chinese Indonesians
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01467-00365924-00366109 since the colonial period is still
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01468-00366110-00366394 common today religious intolerance has
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01469-00366395-00366547 long been a feature of the country
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01470-00366548-00366895 society in 2017 the Chinese Christian
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01471-00366896-00367087 governor of Jakarta Basuki Jia Hodja
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01472-00367088-00367284 purnama was sentenced to two years in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01473-00367285-00367453 prison after being found guilty of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01474-00367454-00367765 blasphemy LGBT issues have recently
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01475-00367766-00368007 gained attention in Indonesia while
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01476-00368008-00368245 homosexuality is legal in most parts of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01477-00368246-00368452 the country it is illegal in Aceh in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01478-00368453-00368827 South Sumatra LGBT people and activists
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01479-00368828-00369012 have regularly faced fierce opposition
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01480-00369013-00369283 intimidation and discrimination launched
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01481-00369284-00369899 even by authorities
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01482-00369900-00370406 topic culture
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01483-00370407-00370628 cultural history of the Indonesian
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01484-00370629-00370808 archipelago spans more than two
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01485-00370809-00371036 millennia influences from the Indian
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01486-00371037-00371267 subcontinent mainland China the Middle
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01487-00371268-00371486 East Europe and the Austronesian peoples
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01488-00371487-00371666 have historically shaped the cultural
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01489-00371667-00371867 linguistic and religious makeup of the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01490-00371868-00372155 archipelago as a result modern-day
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01491-00372156-00372311 Indonesia has a multicultural
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01492-00372312-00372560 multilingual and multi-ethnic society
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01493-00372561-00372752 with complex cultural mixture that
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01494-00372753-00372938 differs significantly from the original
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01495-00372939-00373232 indigenous cultures Indonesia currently
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01496-00373233-00373409 holds nine items of UNESCO's intangible
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01497-00373410-00373691 cultural heritage which include weighing
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01498-00373692-00373982 puppet theatre Chris batik education and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01499-00373983-00374138 training on making Indonesian batik
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01500-00374139-00374435 angklung saman dance Moken and the three
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01501-00374436-00375127 genres of traditional Balinese dance
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01502-00375128-00375681 topic art and architecture
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01503-00375682-00375949 Indonesian arts include both age-old art
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01504-00375950-00376162 forms developed through centuries and a
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01505-00376163-00376368 recently developed Contemporary Art
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01506-00376369-00376654 despite often displaying local ingenuity
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01507-00376655-00376864 Indonesian arts have absorbed foreign
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01508-00376865-00377149 influences most notably from India the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01509-00377150-00377365 Arab world China and Europe as a result
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01510-00377366-00377623 of contacts and interactions facilitated
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01511-00377624-00377910 and often motivated by trade the art of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01512-00377911-00378088 painting is quite developed in Bali
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01513-00378089-00378256 where its people are famed for their
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01514-00378257-00378466 artistry their painting tradition
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01515-00378467-00378715 started as classical komasan or weighing
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01516-00378716-00378922 style visual narrative derived from
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01517-00378923-00379123 visual art discovered on candy bar
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01518-00379124-00379405 reliefs in eastern Java it is notable
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01519-00379406-00379570 for its highly vigorous yet refined
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01520-00379571-00379756 intricate art that resembles baroque
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01521-00379757-00380083 folk art with tropical themes megalithic
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01522-00380084-00380284 sculpture has been discovered on several
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01523-00380285-00380563 sites in Indonesia subsequently tribal
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01524-00380564-00380743 art has flourished within the culture of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01525-00380744-00381118 Nia's Batak as mat Dayak and Toraja wood
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01526-00381119-00381328 and stone are common materials used as
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01527-00381329-00381478 the media for sculpting among these
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01528-00381479-00381748 tribes between the eighth and 15th
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01529-00381749-00381973 century Javanese civilization has
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01530-00381974-00382183 developed a refined stone sculpting art
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01531-00382184-00382372 and architecture which was influenced by
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01532-00382373-00382657 Hindu Buddhist dharmic civilization the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01533-00382658-00382876 temples of Borobudur and Prambanan are
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01534-00382877-00383056 among the most famous examples of the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01535-00383057-00383259 practice as with the arts Indonesian
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01536-00383260-00383437 architecture has absorbed foreign
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01537-00383438-00383605 influences that has brought cultural
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01538-00383606-00383812 changes in profound affect on building
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01539-00383813-00384088 styles and techniques the most dominant
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01540-00384089-00384289 influence has traditionally been Indian
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01541-00384290-00384523 however Chinese Arab and European
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01542-00384524-00384756 influences have also been significant
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01543-00384757-00385051 traditional carpentry masonry stone and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01544-00385052-00385258 woodwork techniques and decorations have
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01545-00385259-00385465 thrived in vernacular architecture with
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01546-00385466-00385657 numbers of traditional houses rumah
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01547-00385658-00385909 addict styles have been developed the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01548-00385910-00386101 traditional houses and settlements of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01549-00386102-00386284 the numerous ethnic groups of Indonesia
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01550-00386285-00386476 vary widely and have their own specific
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01551-00386477-00386731 history they are at the centre of the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01552-00386732-00386932 web of customs social relations
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01553-00386933-00387163 traditional laws and religions that bind
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01554-00387164-00387309 the villagers together
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01555-00387310-00387559 examples include Torah 'has tongkonan
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01556-00387560-00387799 manang Cavazos room Agha dong and ranky
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01557-00387800-00388048 on Javanese style pendopo pavilion with
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01558-00388049-00388267 joke low style roof die axe long houses
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01559-00388268-00388558 various malay houses Balinese houses and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01560-00388559-00388777 temples and also various styles of rice
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01561-00388778-00389352 barns Lumbee
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01562-00389353-00389955 topic music dancing clothing
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01563-00389956-00390162 the music of Indonesia predates
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01564-00390163-00390402 historical records various indigenous
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01565-00390403-00390609 tribes incorporate chants and songs
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01566-00390610-00390819 accompanied with musical instruments in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01567-00390820-00391107 their rituals angklung Kickapoo sueleen
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01568-00391108-00391356 sitter and gong gamelan begging gonca
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01569-00391357-00391620 buyer bum bum talon pong cooling tank
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01570-00391621-00391800 and sis ando are examples of traditional
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01571-00391801-00392115 indonesian instruments the diverse world
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01572-00392116-00392304 of indonesian music genres are the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01573-00392305-00392508 result of the musical creativity of its
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01574-00392509-00392676 people and subsequent cultural
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01575-00392677-00392943 encounters with foreign influences these
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01576-00392944-00393144 include gamba sand Casa de from the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01577-00393145-00393207 Middle East
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01578-00393208-00393471 Quran Kong from Portugal and dangdut one
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01579-00393472-00393663 of the most popular music genres in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01580-00393664-00393912 Indonesia with notable hindi influence
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01581-00393913-00394197 as well as Malay orchestras today the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01582-00394198-00394422 Indonesian music industry enjoys both
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01583-00394423-00394656 nationwide and regional popularity in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01584-00394657-00394884 Malaysia Singapore and Brunei due to
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01585-00394885-00395046 common culture and intelligible
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01586-00395047-00395318 languages between Indonesian and Malay
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01587-00395319-00395583 Indonesian dances have a diverse history
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01588-00395584-00395849 with more than 3,000 original dances
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01589-00395850-00396054 scholars believe that they have had
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01590-00396055-00396246 their beginning in rituals and religious
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01591-00396247-00396474 worship such as war dances dance of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01592-00396475-00396678 witch doctors and danced a call for rain
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01593-00396679-00396909 or any agricultural related rituals such
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01594-00396910-00397209 as Hudock Indonesian dances derive its
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01595-00397210-00397428 influences from the archipelago's three
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01596-00397429-00397674 distinct historical eras the prehistoric
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01597-00397675-00397875 and tribal era the hindu buddhist era
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01598-00397876-00398160 and the islamic era in recent times
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01599-00398161-00398406 modern dances are also showcased in show
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01600-00398407-00398595 business such as those that accompany
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01601-00398596-00398810 music performances or entertainment
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01602-00398811-00399090 influenced by Western culture urban team
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01603-00399091-00399300 dances such as street dances have gained
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01604-00399301-00399530 popularity among the Indonesian youth
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01605-00399531-00399807 traditional dances however such as the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01606-00399808-00400065 Javanese Sundanese meaning Balinese
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01607-00400066-00400260 saman continued to be a living and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01608-00400261-00400563 dynamic traditions Indonesia has a
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01609-00400564-00400788 variety style of clothing as a result
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01610-00400789-00400982 from its long and rich cultural history
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01611-00400983-00401265 it's national costume has derived from
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01612-00401266-00401448 the indigenous culture of the country
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01613-00401449-00401733 and traditional textile traditions since
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01614-00401734-00401946 Java is the political economic and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01615-00401947-00402135 cultural center of Indonesia the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01616-00402136-00402366 Javanese batik in kebaya are arguably
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01617-00402367-00402585 Indonesia's most recognized national
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01618-00402586-00402774 costume although they originally belong
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01619-00402775-00402957 not only to the Javanese but also
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01620-00402958-00403248 Sundanese in Balinese cultures as well
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01621-00403249-00403434 each province in the country has their
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01622-00403435-00403650 own representation of traditional attire
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01623-00403651-00403893 and dress such as uh Llosa Batak from
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01624-00403894-00404082 north sumatra songket of Malay and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01625-00404083-00404310 minangkabau from Sumatra and ikat of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01626-00404311-00404607 sass ik from Lombok national costumes
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01627-00404608-00404778 are worn during traditional weddings
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01628-00404779-00405033 formal ceremonies and music performances
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01629-00405034-00405249 wear a tires of regional costumes are
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01630-00405250-00405423 clearly visible ranging from traditional
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01631-00405424-00405639 to modern attire as well as on
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01632-00405640-00405831 government and official occasions with
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01633-00405832-00406005 the most visible display being those
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01634-00406006-00406218 worn by diplomats the president and the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01635-00406219-00406535 first lady in 2009 the teak was
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01636-00406536-00406782 recognized by UNESCO as a masterpiece of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01637-00406783-00407497 oral and intangible Heritage of Humanity
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01638-00407498-00408008 topic theater and cinema
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01639-00408009-00408304 weighing the Javanese Sundanese and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01640-00408305-00408523 Balinese shadow puppet theater display
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01641-00408524-00408715 several mythological legends such as
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01642-00408716-00408988 Ramayana and Mahabharata various
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01643-00408989-00409198 Balinese dance drama can also be
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01644-00409199-00409383 included within the traditional form of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01645-00409384-00409678 Indonesian drama another form of local
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01646-00409679-00409876 drama as the Javanese lewd rock in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01647-00409877-00410101 ketoprak the son Denise and awara and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01648-00410102-00410409 batali land on these dramas incorporate
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01649-00410410-00410593 humor and jest and often involve
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01650-00410593-00410863 audiences in their performances some
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01651-00410864-00411024 theatre tradition involves not only
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01652-00411025-00411276 drama but also music dancing and the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01653-00411277-00411499 silat martial arts such as Randy Foreman
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01654-00411500-00411780 ANCA bout people of West Sumatra it is
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01655-00411781-00411955 usually performed for traditional
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01656-00411956-00412164 ceremonies and festivals and based on
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01657-00412166-00412395 semi-historical minangkabau legends and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01658-00412396-00412470 love story
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01659-00412471-00412762 modern performing art also developed in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01660-00412763-00412942 indonesia with their distinct style of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01661-00412943-00413007 drama
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01662-00413008-00413293 notable theatre dance and drama troupes
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01663-00413293-00413491 such as Teeter coma are popular in the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01664-00413492-00413709 country as it often portrays social and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01665-00413710-00413957 political satire of Indonesian society
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01666-00413958-00414255 the first domestically produced film in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01667-00414256-00414480 the archipelago was loading cursor on a
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01668-00414481-00414714 silent film by Dutch director el Hoyo el
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01669-00414716-00414978 Dorp this adaptation of the Sundanese
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01670-00414979-00415182 legend was made with local actors by the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01671-00415183-00415503 NV Java film company in bonden after
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01672-00415504-00415747 independence the film industry expanded
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01673-00415747-00416007 rapidly with six films made in 1949
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01674-00416008-00416451 rising to 58 in 1955 Jamaluddin malik
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01675-00416452-00416695 spare sorry film often emulated American
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01676-00416696-00416917 genre films and the working practices of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01677-00416918-00417126 the Hollywood studio system as well as
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01678-00417127-00417391 remaking popular Indian films the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01679-00417392-00417585 sukarno government used the cinema for
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01680-00417587-00417822 nationalistic and II Western purposes
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01681-00417823-00417991 and foreign films were subsequently
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01682-00417992-00418272 banned after the overthrow of sukarno
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01683-00418273-00418422 films during the new order were
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01684-00418423-00418620 regulated through a censorship code that
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01685-00418621-00418888 aimed to maintain social order the film
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01686-00418889-00419076 industry's popularity peaked in the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01687-00419077-00419338 1980s and dominated cinemas although it
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01688-00419339-00419512 declined significantly in the early
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01689-00419513-00419814 1990s films made during this period
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01690-00419816-00420202 include pintar pintar Budo 1982 majouk
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01691-00420203-00420622 enna moondru kena 1984 naga Bhandar 1987
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01692-00420622-00420982 katadyn c-boy 1989 and war cops comedy
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01693-00420983-00421207 films deddi ms war
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01694-00421208-00421464 Arnez Miriam ballina and Rondo Carnot
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01695-00421466-00421621 were among the well known actors during
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01696-00421622-00421942 this period independent filmmaking was a
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01697-00421943-00422155 rebirth of the film industry in the post
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01698-00422156-00422353 Suharto era where films started
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01699-00422354-00422514 addressing topics that were previously
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01700-00422516-00422796 banned such as religion race and love
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01701-00422797-00423135 between 2000 and 2005 the number of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01702-00423137-00423307 films released each year steadily
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01703-00423308-00423607 increased RiRi Riza and me role as mana
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01704-00423608-00423802 were among the new generation of film
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01705-00423803-00424084 figures who co-directed cul-de-sac 1999
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01706-00424085-00424375 Quechua Langan shereena 2000 Aida Appa
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01707-00424376-00424684 dengan cinta 2002 and lass carpel Angie
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01708-00424685-00425185 2008 in 2016 war cop DKI reborn Jean
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01709-00425185-00425413 Creek boss part 1 smashed box-office
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01710-00425414-00425589 records becoming the most watched
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01711-00425591-00425866 Indonesian film with 6.8 million tickets
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01712-00425867-00426147 sold Indonesia has held annual film
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01713-00426149-00426337 festivals and awards including the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01714-00426338-00426568 Indonesian Film Festival festival film
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01715-00426568-00426714 Indonesia that has been held
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01716-00426716-00427047 intermittently since 1955 it hands out
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01717-00427049-00427260 the Citra award the film industry's most
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01718-00427262-00427687 prestigious award from 1973 to 1990 -
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01719-00427688-00427891 the festival was held annually and then
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01720-00427892-00428089 discontinued until it was later revived
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01721-00428089-00428684 in 2004
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01722-00428685-00429230 topic media and literature
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01723-00429231-00429443 Media freedom increased considerably
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01724-00429443-00429674 after the fall of new order during which
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01725-00429675-00429875 the Ministry of Information monitored
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01726-00429876-00430049 and controlled domestic media and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01727-00430050-00430289 restricted foreign media the television
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01728-00430289-00430514 market includes several national
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01729-00430514-00430672 commercial networks and provincial
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01730-00430674-00430913 networks that compete with public TV RI
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01731-00430914-00431171 which held monopoly on TV broadcasting
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01732-00431172-00431657 from 1962 to 1989 by early 21st century
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01733-00431658-00431876 the improved communication system had
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01734-00431877-00432038 brought television signals to every
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01735-00432039-00432242 village and people can choose from up to
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01736-00432243-00432575 11 channels private radio stations carry
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01737-00432576-00432752 their own news bulletins and foreign
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01738-00432753-00433046 broadcasters supply programs the number
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01739-00433047-00433241 of printed publications has increased
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01740-00433242-00433585 significantly since 1998 more than 30
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01741-00433587-00433760 million cell phones are sold each year
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01742-00433760-00434072 and 27% of them are local brands like
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01743-00434072-00434249 other developing countries Indonesia
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01744-00434250-00434464 began the development of Internet in the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01745-00434466-00434747 early 1990s its first commercial
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01746-00434747-00435041 Internet service provider PT Indo
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01747-00435042-00435266 internet began operation in Jakarta in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01748-00435267-00435620 1994 with estimated users of 88 million
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01749-00435621-00435755 as of 2016
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01750-00435756-00435974 Indonesia is among the largest countries
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01751-00435975-00436147 by number of Internet users though
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01752-00436149-00436406 penetration is relatively low the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01753-00436407-00436595 majority of Internet users are between
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01754-00436596-00436859 the ages of 18 and 25 with an average
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01755-00436860-00437168 usage of 4.7 hours daily and depend
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01756-00437168-00437384 primarily on mobile phones for access
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01757-00437385-00437618 which outnumber both laptop and personal
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01758-00437618-00437831 computer users the oldest evidence of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01759-00437832-00438035 writing in the Indonesian archipelago as
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01760-00438035-00438254 a series of Sanskrit inscriptions dated
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01761-00438255-00438527 to the fifth century many of Indonesia's
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01762-00438528-00438713 peoples have strongly rooted oral
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01763-00438714-00438899 traditions which help to define and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01764-00438900-00439084 preserve their cultural identities in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01765-00439085-00439364 written poetry and prose a number of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01766-00439364-00439583 traditional forms dominate mainly sai
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01767-00439584-00439835 air panton gur and dom ki kya din be
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01768-00439835-00440089 back some of these works are Sai air
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01769-00440091-00440345 raja SIOC sai arab dual malik ki kya
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01770-00440346-00440552 abdullah he call you--by and beauty minh
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01771-00440553-00440801 he call yet hang Toa su la la de Saladin
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01772-00440802-00441020 and the bad tanah Joey early modern
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01773-00441021-00441206 Indonesian literature originates in
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01774-00441207-00441509 Sumatran tradition polite pasta the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01775-00441510-00441692 government bureau for popular literature
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01776-00441693-00441968 was instituted around 1920 to promote
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01777-00441968-00442160 the development of indigenous literature
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01778-00442160-00442451 it adopted Malay as the preferred common
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01779-00442452-00442577 medium for Indonesia
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01780-00442578-00442814 important figures in modern indonesian
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01781-00442814-00443000 literature include dutch a thermal
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01782-00443001-00443213 tattoo lee who criticized treatment of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01783-00443214-00443441 natives under Dutch colonial rule Samar
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01784-00443442-00443645 ins Muhammad Yemen and ham qey who were
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01785-00443646-00443882 influential pre-independence nationalist
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01786-00443883-00444122 writers and politicians and proletarian
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01787-00444122-00444368 writer promoter Ananda Toa Indonesia's
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01788-00444368-00444635 most famous novelist promoter earned
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01789-00444635-00444793 several accolades and was often
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01790-00444795-00444995 discussed as Indonesia's and Southeast
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01791-00444996-00445217 Asia's best candidate for a Nobel Prize
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01792-00445218-00445468 in Literature literature and poetry
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01793-00445470-00445672 flourished even more in the first half
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01794-00445674-00445952 of the 20th century major authors
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01795-00445953-00446237 include Jarrell Anwar aku Mara Rose Lee
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01796-00446238-00446531 Sydney nirbhaya Murari siregar aza be
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01797-00446532-00446837 dancing Sarah abdul-mu iz Saleh a su Han
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01798-00446838-00446984 jamala Gennady negra
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01799-00446985-00447272 da Ramudu Sudan dr. Alicia Bona later
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01800-00447272-00447506 combined and amir hamza yani son yi
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01801-00447507-00447656 whose works are among the most well
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01802-00447657-00448320 known in maritime Southeast Asia
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01803-00448321-00448808 topic cuisine
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01804-00448809-00449031 Indonesian cuisine is one of the most
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01805-00449032-00449241 diverse vibrant and colorful in the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01806-00449242-00449496 world full of intense flavor many
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01807-00449497-00449747 regional cuisines exist often based upon
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01808-00449748-00449913 indigenous culture and foreign
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01809-00449914-00450143 influences such as Chinese European
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01810-00450145-00450345 Middle Eastern and Indian precedents
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01811-00450346-00450612 rice is the main staple food and has
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01812-00450613-00450774 served with side dishes of meat and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01813-00450775-00451131 vegetables spices notably chili coconut
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01814-00451132-00451335 milk fish and chicken are fundamental
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01815-00451335-00451547 ingredients some popular dishes such as
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01816-00451548-00451875 nasi goreng gabato sat and Soto are very
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01817-00451876-00452067 common in the country and considered as
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01818-00452068-00452328 national dishes the Ministry of Tourism
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01819-00452329-00452571 however chose Tim Poong as the official
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01820-00452572-00452763 national dish in 2014
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01821-00452764-00452952 describing it as binding the diversity
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01822-00452953-00453222 of various culinary traditions another
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01823-00453222-00453456 popular dishes include rendang one of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01824-00453457-00453621 the many Padang cuisines along with
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01825-00453622-00453989 tending and Gulai in 2017 rendang was
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01826-00453991-00454209 chosen as the world's most delicious
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01827-00454210-00454499 food by the CNN Travel Readers Choice
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01828-00454500-00454749 another fermented food as Ong CIM
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01829-00454750-00454992 similar in some ways to tempeh but uses
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01830-00454993-00455264 a variety of basis not only soy created
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01831-00455266-00455454 by a different fungi and particularly
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01832-00455455-00456091 popular in West Java
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01833-00456092-00456576 topic sports
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01834-00456577-00456831 sports are generally male-oriented and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01835-00456832-00457014 spectators are often associated with
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01836-00457014-00457302 illegal gambling badminton and football
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01837-00457303-00457476 are the most popular sports in the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01838-00457477-00457530 country
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01839-00457531-00457755 Indonesian badminton players have won
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01840-00457756-00457908 the Thomas Cup the World Team
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01841-00457909-00458151 Championship of men's badminton 13 times
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01842-00458152-00458418 since it was held in 1949 as well as
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01843-00458418-00458616 numerous Olympic medals since the sport
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01844-00458617-00458912 gained full Olympic status in 1992
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01845-00458913-00459147 Indonesian women have won the uber Cup
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01846-00459147-00459354 the female equivalent of the Thomas Cup
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01847-00459355-00459914 three times in 1975 1994 and 1996 liga
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01848-00459916-00460107 won as the country's premier football
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01849-00460108-00460322 club league on the international stage
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01850-00460324-00460547 indonesia has experienced limited
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01851-00460549-00460755 success despite being the first Asian
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01852-00460756-00460935 team to participate in the FIFA World
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01853-00460935-00461258 Cup in 1938 as Dutch East Indies on
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01854-00461259-00461499 continental level Indonesia won the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01855-00461500-00461797 bronze medal in the 1958 Asian Games
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01856-00461799-00462042 Indonesia's first appearance in the AFC
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01857-00462043-00462372 Asian Cup was in 1996 and successfully
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01858-00462372-00462567 qualified for the next three tournaments
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01859-00462568-00462795 they however failed to progress through
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01860-00462796-00463018 the next stage in all occasions
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01861-00463020-00463317 another popular sports include boxing
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01862-00463318-00463535 and basketball which has a long history
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01863-00463537-00463718 in Indonesia and was part of the first
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01864-00463720-00463980 national Games pacano Aragon Nacional
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01865-00463981-00464297 pond in 1948 some of the famous
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01866-00464299-00464547 Indonesian boxers include Elias pickle
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01867-00464547-00464810 three times IBF super flyweight champion
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01868-00464812-00465051 Nico Tamas Muhammad Rachman and Chris
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01869-00465052-00465393 John in motorsport Rio Hondo became the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01870-00465393-00465593 first Indonesian to compete in Formula
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01871-00465595-00465735 One in 2016
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01872-00465735-00466035 sepak takraw and Carr upon zappy bull
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01873-00466035-00466251 racing in Medora are some examples of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01874-00466252-00466547 traditional sports in indonesia in areas
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01875-00466549-00466760 with a history of tribal warfare mock
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01876-00466762-00466974 fighting contests are held such as catch
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01877-00466975-00467285 e in flores and pasola in zumba pencak
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01878-00467287-00467508 silat as an indonesian martial art and
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01879-00467509-00467751 in 1987 became one of the sporting
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01880-00467752-00467955 events in Southeast Asian Games with
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01881-00467956-00468108 Indonesia appearing as one of the
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01882-00468109-00468357 leading forces in Southeast Asia
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01883-00468358-00468576 Indonesia is one of the major sport
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01884-00468577-00468762 powerhouses by winning the Southeast
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01885-00468763-00469089 Asian Games ten times since 1977 most
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01886-00469089-00469727 recently in 2011
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01887-00469728-00470259 topic C also
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01888-00470260-00470646 list of Indonesia related topics index
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01889-00470647-00470970 of Indonesia related articles outline of
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01890-00470971-00471329 Indonesia Indonesia Wikipedia book
+YNlcA7bSeA8-01891-00471330-00471699 equals equals notes