---
dataset_info:
  features:
  - name: image
    dtype: image
  - name: domain
    dtype: string
  - name: label
    dtype:
      class_label:
        names:
          '0': dog
          '1': elephant
          '2': giraffe
          '3': guitar
          '4': horse
          '5': house
          '6': person
  splits:
  - name: train
    num_bytes: 252282893.372
    num_examples: 9991
  download_size: 191395900
  dataset_size: 252282893.372
configs:
- config_name: default
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: data/train-*
license: unknown
task_categories:
- image-classification
size_categories:
- 1K<n<10K
---
# Dataset Card for PACS

PACS is an image dataset for domain generalization. It consists of four domains, namely Photo (1,670 images), Art Painting (2,048 images), Cartoon (2,344 images), and Sketch (3,929 images). Each domain contains seven categories (labels): Dog, Elephant, Giraffe, Guitar, Horse, and Person. The total number of sample is 9991.

## Dataset Details

PACS DG dataset is created by intersecting the classes found in Caltech256 (Photo), Sketchy (Photo, Sketch), TU-Berlin (Sketch) and Google Images(Art painting, Cartoon, Photo).

### Dataset Sources

- **Website:** https://sketchx.eecs.qmul.ac.uk/downloads/
- **Paper:** https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.03077
- **Papers with code:** https://paperswithcode.com/dataset/pacs

## Use in FL

In order to prepare the dataset for the FL settings, we recommend using [Flower Dataset](https://flower.ai/docs/datasets/) (flwr-datasets) for the dataset download and partitioning and [Flower](https://flower.ai/docs/framework/) (flwr) for conducting FL experiments.

To partition the dataset, do the following. 
1. Install the package.
```bash
pip install flwr-datasets[vision]
```
2. Use the HF Dataset under the hood in Flower Datasets.
```python
from flwr_datasets import FederatedDataset
from flwr_datasets.partitioner import IidPartitioner

fds = FederatedDataset(
    dataset="flwrlabs/pacs",
    partitioners={"train": IidPartitioner(num_partitions=10)}
)
partition = fds.load_partition(partition_id=0)
```

## Dataset Structure

### Data Instances
The first instance of the train split is presented below:
```
{
 'image': <PIL.JpegImagePlugin.JpegImageFile image mode=RGB size=227x227>,
 'domain': 'art_painting',
 'label': 0
}
```
### Data Split

```
DatasetDict({
    train: Dataset({
        features: ['image', 'domain', 'label'],
        num_rows: 9991
    })
})
```

## Citation

When working with the PACS dataset, please cite the original paper. 
If you're using this dataset with Flower Datasets and Flower, cite Flower.

**BibTeX:**

Original paper:
```
@misc{li2017deeperbroaderartierdomain,
      title={Deeper, Broader and Artier Domain Generalization}, 
      author={Da Li and Yongxin Yang and Yi-Zhe Song and Timothy M. Hospedales},
      year={2017},
      eprint={1710.03077},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.CV},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/1710.03077}, 
}
````

Flower:

```
@article{DBLP:journals/corr/abs-2007-14390,
  author       = {Daniel J. Beutel and
                  Taner Topal and
                  Akhil Mathur and
                  Xinchi Qiu and
                  Titouan Parcollet and
                  Nicholas D. Lane},
  title        = {Flower: {A} Friendly Federated Learning Research Framework},
  journal      = {CoRR},
  volume       = {abs/2007.14390},
  year         = {2020},
  url          = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.14390},
  eprinttype    = {arXiv},
  eprint       = {2007.14390},
  timestamp    = {Mon, 03 Aug 2020 14:32:13 +0200},
  biburl       = {https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/abs-2007-14390.bib},
  bibsource    = {dblp computer science bibliography, https://dblp.org}
}
```

## Dataset Card Contact

If you have any questions about the dataset preprocessing and preparation, please contact [Flower Labs](https://flower.ai/).