Datasets:

tomekkorbak

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detoxify-pile-chunk3-850000-900000

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[ "The reprographic industry uses light-sensitive recording materials wherein differences in the tackiness of the exposed and unexposed areas are utilized for image production. ", "For example, German Patents 12 10 321, 19 04 058, 19 04 059 and 20 04 214, disclose a reproduction process in which a tacky photopolymerizable recording material, consisting of a support and a photopolymerizable layer containing at least one addition-polymerizable monomer and a photopolymerization initiator, is hardened by imagewise exposure, whereby the exposed image areas lose their tackiness. ", "The latent image is then visualized by applying a suitable toner, which adheres only to the unexposed tacky areas. ", "Excess toner remaining on the exposed, non-tacky image areas is removed. ", "This process produces positive, and optionally colored, images of the original, and these images resemble in appearance images produced by the use of printing inks. ", "Thus, the process has achieved considerable practical importance, particularly in the printing industry for proofing color separations.", "\nGerman Patent 29 49 462 discloses pigmented layers containing 75 to 95 parts by weight pigment and 5 to 25 parts by weight of an elastomeric binder with a maximum tensile strength of less than 1.38 N/mm.sup.2 and an elongation at break of at least 50%. ", "The process produces high opacity images that are used preferably for the reproduction of text and display pieces. ", "However, due to the high opacity, the process is not suitable for color proofing processes. ", "A reduction of pigment content does lead to a lower density, but it also causes a complete loss of resolution.", "\nGerman Patent 12 85 876 describes photopolymerizable recording materials for thermal image transfer. ", "Between the photopolymerizable layer and the support sheet, these recording materials have a layer of a thermoplastic polymer, such as, for example, polyethylene or ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymers combined with a wax, and optionally containing a pigment. ", "The unexposed areas of the photopolymerizable layer with adhering portions of the intermediate layer can be transferred thermally. ", "The portions of the intermediate layer corresponding to the unexposed areas adhere only partially to the photopolymerizable layer in this transfer, and the portions remaining on the support can be used for additional transfers. ", "After multiple transfers, a transparent negative remains on the support. ", "Only a portion of the intermediate layer is transferred each time, therefore, variations in the color density of the transferred areas are unavoidable.", "\nHalftone color separations are used in reprography as copy originals for the preparation of offset or relief printing plates. ", "The color separations are checked, prior to exposing the plates, with the aid of color proofing processes to determine whether the ultimate printing result will represent a tonally correct reproduction of the original. ", "General standard specifications indicate that a resolution of 2%-98% dots at a screen spacing of 60 lines/cm is required for high quality offset printing. ", "However, it is particularly difficult to achieve satisfactory resolution of pointy 2% dots in the highlights and of 98% dots in the shadows. ", "It is also of considerable importance for halftone dots of the same size to be sharply defined and uniform over the entire surface, if good tonal value reproduction is to be achieved.", "\nWith the advancing technical development of printing machines that can now achieve a resolution of 1% to 99% dots, requirements for the proofing processes also become more stringent. ", "Modern printing machines also achieve even smaller dot gain, which the proofing process must reflect.", "\nThus, the transfer layer such as the one described in German Patent 36 25 014, which uses a special binder system of incompatible polymers, cannot achieve the lower dot gain obtained by modern printing machines even though a resolution of 2% to 98% dots can be attained. ", "In addition, the process for preparing the transfer materials described in German Patent 36 25 014 has several disadvantages. ", "It is (1) time consuming and costly; (2) a controllable layer structure is quite difficult to achieve; (3) the pigments must be milled separately, (4) the production formulations must be processed immediately, and (5) the dispersions must be intensively mixed during the entire preparation process to prevent the components from settling and clumping. ", "Only then can a uniform coating on the support be assured. ", "The coating rate must also be low, a further disadvantage in the production process.", "\nAccordingly, the object of the present invention is to provide a process for preparing images on tonable, light-sensitive layers by using a transfer layer containing at least one toner. ", "A further object is to provide a process that achieves a high resolution of 1% to 99% dots as required by the printing industry. ", "In addition, this process should provide highly uniform halftone values over the entire surface and very low dot gain, thus avoiding the previously described disadvantages and deficiencies. ", "The process should also be useful for various tonable, light sensitive layers." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "USPTO Backgrounds" }

[ 0.000595554884057492, 0.0006143070640973747, 0.0006633640732616186, 0.0006643899832852185, 0.0005940155242569745, 0.0005699595203623176, 0.0007143022958189249, 0.0006259078509174287, 0.0006901973974891007, 0.0005864003323949873, 0.0006036909762769938, 0.000600471452344209, 0.0005582194426096976, 0.0005397874629124999, 0.0005670389509759843, 0.0005632456741295755, 0.0006620537606067955, 0.0005788040580227971, 0.0005840611993335187, 0.0005907138111069798, 0.0005963646690361202, 0.0005801829393021762, 0.0006326986476778984, 0.0006494357367046177, 0.0005889957537874579, 0.0006413366063497961, 0.0006070923409424722, 0.0005798368947580457, 0.0006098269368521869, 0.0006014769314788282, 0.0006908083450980484, 0.0005603282479569316 ]

[ "package org.nd4j.linalg.dataset.api;\n\nimport lombok.", "NonNull;\nimport lombok.extern.slf4j.", "Slf4j;\nimport lombok.val;\nimport org.nd4j.linalg.exception.", "ND4JIllegalStateException;\nimport org.nd4j.linalg.primitives.", "Pair;\nimport org.nd4j.linalg.api.ndarray.", "INDArray;\nimport org.nd4j.linalg.api.ops.impl.broadcast.", "BroadcastMulOp;\nimport org.nd4j.linalg.api.shape.", "Shape;\nimport org.nd4j.linalg.factory.", "Nd4j;\nimport org.nd4j.linalg.indexing.", "INDArrayIndex;\nimport org.nd4j.linalg.indexing.", "NDArrayIndex;\n\nimport java.util.", "Arrays;\n\n/**\n * Created by susaneraly on 9/20/16.", "\n */\n@Slf4j\npublic class DataSetUtil {\n public static INDArray tailor2d(@NonNull DataSet dataSet, boolean areFeatures) {\n return tailor2d(areFeatures ? ", "dataSet.getFeatures() : dataSet.getLabels(),\n areFeatures ? ", "dataSet.getFeaturesMaskArray() : dataSet.getLabelsMaskArray());\n }\n\n public static INDArray tailor2d(@NonNull INDArray data, INDArray mask) {\n switch (data.rank()) {\n case 1:\n case 2:\n return data;\n case 3:\n return tailor3d2d(data, mask);\n case 4:\n return tailor4d2d(data);\n default:\n throw new RuntimeException(\"Unsupported data rank\");\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * @deprecated\n */\n public static INDArray tailor3d2d(DataSet dataset, boolean areFeatures) {\n INDArray data = areFeatures ? ", "dataset.getFeatures() : dataset.getLabels();\n INDArray mask = areFeatures ? ", "dataset.getFeaturesMaskArray() : dataset.getLabelsMaskArray();\n return tailor3d2d(data, mask);\n }\n\n public static INDArray tailor3d2d(@NonNull INDArray data, INDArray mask) {\n //Check mask shapes:\n if (mask !", "= null) {\n if (data.size(0) !", "= mask.size(0) || data.size(2) !", "= mask.size(1)) {\n throw new IllegalArgumentException(\n \"Invalid mask array/data combination: got data with shape [minibatch, vectorSize, timeSeriesLength] = \"\n + Arrays.toString(data.shape())\n + \"; got mask with shape [minibatch,timeSeriesLength] = \"\n + Arrays.toString(mask.shape())\n + \"; minibatch and timeSeriesLength dimensions must match\");\n }\n }\n\n\n if (data.ordering() !", "= 'f' || data.isView() || !", "Shape.strideDescendingCAscendingF(data)) {\n data = data.dup('f');\n }\n //F order: strides are like [1, miniBatch, minibatch*size] - i.e., each time step array is contiguous in memory\n //This can be reshaped to 2d with a no-copy op\n //Same approach as RnnToFeedForwardPreProcessor in DL4J\n //I.e., ", "we're effectively stacking time steps for all examples\n\n val shape = data.shape();\n INDArray as2d;\n if (shape[0] == 1) {\n as2d = data.tensorAlongDimension(0, 1, 2).permutei(1, 0); //Edge case: miniBatchSize==1\n } else if (shape[2] == 1) {\n as2d = data.tensorAlongDimension(0, 1, 0); //Edge case: timeSeriesLength=1\n } else {\n INDArray permuted = data.permute(0, 2, 1); //Permute, so we get correct order after reshaping\n as2d = permuted.reshape('f', shape[0] * shape[2], shape[1]);\n }\n\n if (mask == null) {\n return as2d;\n }\n\n //With stride 1 along the examples (dimension 0), we are concatenating time series - same as the\n if (mask.ordering() !", "= 'f' || mask.isView() || !", "Shape.strideDescendingCAscendingF(mask)) {\n mask = mask.dup('f');\n }\n\n INDArray mask1d = mask.reshape('f', new long[] {mask.length(), 1});\n\n //Assume masks are 0s and 1s: then sum == number of elements\n int numElements = mask.sumNumber().intValue();\n if (numElements == mask.length()) {\n return as2d; //All are 1s\n }\n if (numElements == 0) {\n return null;\n }\n\n int[] rowsToPull = new int[numElements];\n float[] floatMask1d = mask1d.data().asFloat();\n int currCount = 0;\n for (int i = 0; i < floatMask1d.length; i++) {\n if (floatMask1d[i] !", "= 0.0f) {\n rowsToPull[currCount++] = i;\n }\n }\n\n INDArray subset = Nd4j.pullRows(as2d, 1, rowsToPull); //Tensor along dimension 1 == rows\n return subset;\n }\n\n public static INDArray tailor4d2d(DataSet dataset, boolean areFeatures) {\n return tailor4d2d(areFeatures ? ", "dataset.getFeatures() : dataset.getLabels());\n }\n\n public static INDArray tailor4d2d(@NonNull INDArray data) {\n long instances = data.size(0);\n long channels = data.size(1);\n long height = data.size(2);\n long width = data.size(3);\n\n INDArray in2d = Nd4j.create(channels, height * width * instances);\n\n long tads = data.tensorssAlongDimension(3, 2, 0);\n for (int i = 0; i < tads; i++) {\n INDArray thisTAD = data.tensorAlongDimension(i, 3, 2, 0);\n in2d.putRow(i, Nd4j.toFlattened(thisTAD));\n }\n return in2d.transposei();\n }\n\n public static void setMaskedValuesToZero(INDArray data, INDArray mask) {\n if (mask == null || data.rank() !", "= 3)\n return;\n\n Nd4j.getExecutioner().exec(new BroadcastMulOp(data, mask, data, 0, 2));\n }\n\n /**\n * Merge all of the features arrays into one minibatch.", "\n *\n * @param featuresToMerge features to merge. ", "Note that first index is the input array (example) index, the second\n * index is the input array.", "\n * Thus to merge 10 examples with 3 input arrays each, featuresToMerge will be indexed\n * like featuresToMerge[0..9][0..2]\n * @param featureMasksToMerge May be null. ", "If non-null: feature masks to merge\n * @return Merged features, and feature masks. ", "Note that feature masks may be added automatically, if required - even\n * if no feature masks were present originally\n */\n public static Pair<INDArray[], INDArray[]> mergeFeatures(@NonNull INDArray[][] featuresToMerge, INDArray[][] featureMasksToMerge) {\n int nInArrs = featuresToMerge[0].length;\n INDArray[] outF = new INDArray[nInArrs];\n INDArray[] outM = null;\n\n for (int i = 0; i < nInArrs; i++) {\n Pair<INDArray, INDArray> p = mergeFeatures(featuresToMerge, featureMasksToMerge, i);\n outF[i] = p.getFirst();\n if (p.getSecond() !", "= null) {\n if (outM == null) {\n outM = new INDArray[nInArrs];\n }\n outM[i] = p.getSecond();\n }\n }\n return new Pair<>(outF, outM);\n }\n\n /**\n * Merge the specified features and mask arrays (i.e., concatenate the examples)\n *\n * @param featuresToMerge Features to merge\n * @param featureMasksToMerge Mask arrays to merge. ", "May be null\n * @return Merged features and mask. ", "Mask may be null\n */\n public static Pair<INDArray, INDArray> mergeFeatures(@NonNull INDArray[] featuresToMerge,\n INDArray[] featureMasksToMerge) {\n int rankFeatures = featuresToMerge[0].rank();\n\n switch (rankFeatures) {\n case 2:\n return DataSetUtil.merge2d(featuresToMerge, featureMasksToMerge);\n case 3:\n return DataSetUtil.mergeTimeSeries(featuresToMerge, featureMasksToMerge);\n case 4:\n return DataSetUtil.merge4d(featuresToMerge, featureMasksToMerge);\n default:\n throw new IllegalStateException(\"Cannot merge examples: features rank must be in range 2 to 4\"\n + \" inclusive. ", "First example features shape: \"\n + Arrays.toString(featureMasksToMerge[0].shape()));\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * Extract out the specified column, and merge the specified features and mask arrays (i.e., concatenate the examples)\n *\n * @param featuresToMerge Features to merge. ", "Will use featuresToMerge[all][inOutIdx]\n * @param featureMasksToMerge Mask arrays to merge. ", "May be null\n * @return Merged features and mask. ", "Mask may be null\n */\n public static Pair<INDArray, INDArray> mergeFeatures(INDArray[][] featuresToMerge, INDArray[][] featureMasksToMerge,\n int inOutIdx) {\n Pair<INDArray[], INDArray[]> p = selectColumnFromMDSData(featuresToMerge, featureMasksToMerge, inOutIdx);\n return mergeFeatures(p.getFirst(), p.getSecond());\n }\n\n /**\n * Merge the specified labels and label mask arrays (i.e., concatenate the examples)\n *\n * @param labelsToMerge Features to merge\n * @param labelMasksToMerge Mask arrays to merge. ", "May be null\n * @return Merged features and mask. ", "Mask may be null\n */\n public static Pair<INDArray, INDArray> mergeLabels(INDArray[] labelsToMerge, INDArray[] labelMasksToMerge) {\n int rankFeatures = labelsToMerge[0].rank();\n\n switch (rankFeatures) {\n case 2:\n return DataSetUtil.merge2d(labelsToMerge, labelMasksToMerge);\n case 3:\n return DataSetUtil.mergeTimeSeries(labelsToMerge, labelMasksToMerge);\n case 4:\n return DataSetUtil.merge4d(labelsToMerge, labelMasksToMerge);\n default:\n throw new ND4JIllegalStateException(\"Cannot merge examples: labels rank must be in range 2 to 4\"\n + \" inclusive. ", "First example features shape: \"\n + Arrays.toString(labelsToMerge[0].shape()));\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * Extract out the specified column, and merge the specified label and label mask arrays\n * (i.e., concatenate the examples)\n *\n * @param labelsToMerge Features to merge. ", "Will use featuresToMerge[all][inOutIdx]\n * @param labelMasksToMerge Mask arrays to merge. ", "May be null\n * @return Merged features and mask. ", "Mask may be null\n */\n public static Pair<INDArray, INDArray> mergeLabels(@NonNull INDArray[][] labelsToMerge,\n INDArray[][] labelMasksToMerge, int inOutIdx) {\n Pair<INDArray[], INDArray[]> p = selectColumnFromMDSData(labelsToMerge, labelMasksToMerge, inOutIdx);\n return mergeLabels(p.getFirst(), p.getSecond());\n }\n\n private static Pair<INDArray[], INDArray[]> selectColumnFromMDSData(@NonNull INDArray[][] arrays,\n INDArray[][] masks, int inOutIdx) {\n INDArray[] a = new INDArray[arrays.length];\n INDArray[] m = new INDArray[a.length];\n for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {\n a[i] = arrays[i][inOutIdx];\n if (masks !", "= null && masks[i] !", "= null) {\n m[i] = masks[i][inOutIdx];\n }\n }\n return new Pair<>(a, m);\n }\n\n /**\n * Merge the specified 2d arrays and masks. ", "See {@link #mergeFeatures(INDArray[], INDArray[])}\n * and {@link #mergeLabels(INDArray[], INDArray[])}\n *\n * @param arrays Arrays to merge\n * @param masks Mask arrays to merge\n * @param inOutIdx Index to extract out before merging\n * @return Merged arrays and mask\n */\n public static Pair<INDArray, INDArray> merge2d(@NonNull INDArray[][] arrays, INDArray[][] masks, int inOutIdx) {\n Pair<INDArray[], INDArray[]> p = selectColumnFromMDSData(arrays, masks, inOutIdx);\n return merge2d(p.getFirst(), p.getSecond());\n }\n\n /**\n * Merge the specified 2d arrays and masks. ", "See {@link #mergeFeatures(INDArray[], INDArray[])}\n * and {@link #mergeLabels(INDArray[], INDArray[])}\n *\n * @param arrays Arrays to merge\n * @param masks Mask arrays to merge\n * @return Merged arrays and mask\n */\n public static Pair<INDArray, INDArray> merge2d(INDArray[] arrays, INDArray[] masks) {\n long cols = arrays[0].columns();\n\n INDArray[] temp = new INDArray[arrays.length];\n boolean hasMasks = false;\n for (int i = 0; i < arrays.length; i++) {\n if (arrays[i].columns() !", "= cols) {\n throw new IllegalStateException(\"Cannot merge 2d arrays with different numbers of columns (firstNCols=\"\n + cols + \", ithNCols=\" + arrays[i].columns() + \")\");\n }\n\n temp[i] = arrays[i];\n\n if (masks !", "= null && masks[i] !", "= null && masks[i] !", "= null) {\n hasMasks = true;\n }\n }\n\n INDArray out = Nd4j.specialConcat(0, temp);\n INDArray outMask = null;\n if (hasMasks) {\n outMask = DataSetUtil.mergePerOutputMasks2d(out.shape(), arrays, masks);\n }\n\n return new Pair<>(out, outMask);\n }\n\n\n public static INDArray mergePerOutputMasks2d(long[] outShape, INDArray[][] arrays, INDArray[][] masks,\n int inOutIdx) {\n Pair<INDArray[], INDArray[]> p = selectColumnFromMDSData(arrays, masks, inOutIdx);\n return mergePerOutputMasks2d(outShape, p.getFirst(), p.getSecond());\n }\n\n public static INDArray mergePerOutputMasks2d(long[] outShape, INDArray[] arrays, INDArray[] masks) {\n val numExamplesPerArr = new long[arrays.length];\n for (int i = 0; i < numExamplesPerArr.length; i++) {\n numExamplesPerArr[i] = arrays[i].size(0);\n }\n\n INDArray outMask = Nd4j.ones(outShape); //Initialize to 'all present' (1s)\n\n int rowsSoFar = 0;\n for (int i = 0; i < masks.length; i++) {\n long thisRows = numExamplesPerArr[i]; //Mask itself may be null -> all present, but may include multiple examples\n if (masks[i] == null) {\n continue;\n }\n\n outMask.put(new INDArrayIndex[] {NDArrayIndex.interval(rowsSoFar, rowsSoFar + thisRows),\n NDArrayIndex.all()}, masks[i]);\n rowsSoFar += thisRows;\n }\n return outMask;\n }\n\n /**\n * Merge the specified time series (3d) arrays and masks. ", "See {@link #mergeFeatures(INDArray[], INDArray[])}\n * and {@link #mergeLabels(INDArray[], INDArray[])}\n *\n * @param arrays Arrays to merge\n * @param masks Mask arrays to merge\n * @param inOutIdx Index to extract out before merging\n * @return Merged arrays and mask\n */\n public static Pair<INDArray, INDArray> mergeTimeSeries(INDArray[][] arrays, INDArray[][] masks, int inOutIdx) {\n Pair<INDArray[], INDArray[]> p = selectColumnFromMDSData(arrays, masks, inOutIdx);\n return mergeTimeSeries(p.getFirst(), p.getSecond());\n }\n\n /**\n * Merge the specified time series (3d) arrays and masks. ", "See {@link #mergeFeatures(INDArray[], INDArray[])}\n * and {@link #mergeLabels(INDArray[], INDArray[])}\n *\n * @param arrays Arrays to merge\n * @param masks Mask arrays to merge\n * @return Merged arrays and mask\n */\n public static Pair<INDArray, INDArray> mergeTimeSeries(INDArray[] arrays, INDArray[] masks) {\n //Merge time series data, and handle masking etc for different length arrays\n\n //Complications with time series:\n //(a) They may have different lengths (if so: need input + output masking arrays)\n //(b) Even if they are all the same length, they may have masking arrays (if so: merge the masking arrays too)\n //(c) Furthermore: mask arrays can be per-time-step (2d) or per output (3d). ", "Per-input masks (3d feature masks)\n // are not supported, however\n\n long firstLength = arrays[0].size(2);\n long size = arrays[0].size(1);\n long maxLength = firstLength;\n\n boolean hasMask = false;\n int maskRank = -1;\n boolean lengthsDiffer = false;\n int totalExamples = 0;\n for (int i = 0; i < arrays.length; i++) {\n totalExamples += arrays[i].size(0);\n long thisLength = arrays[i].size(2);\n maxLength = Math.max(maxLength, thisLength);\n if (thisLength !", "= firstLength)\n lengthsDiffer = true;\n if (masks !", "= null && masks[i] !", "= null && masks[i] !", "= null) {\n maskRank = masks[i].rank();\n hasMask = true;\n }\n\n if (arrays[i].size(1) !", "= size) {\n throw new IllegalStateException(\n \"Cannot merge time series with different size for dimension 1 (first shape: \"\n + Arrays.toString(arrays[0].shape()) + \", \" + i + \"th shape: \"\n + Arrays.toString(arrays[i].shape()));\n }\n }\n\n boolean needMask = hasMask || lengthsDiffer;\n INDArray arr = Nd4j.create(totalExamples, size, maxLength);\n INDArray mask = (needMask && maskRank !", "= 3 ? ", "Nd4j.ones(totalExamples, maxLength) : null);\n\n //Now, merge the time series (and if necessary, mask arrays):\n int examplesSoFar = 0;\n if (!", "lengthsDiffer && !", "needMask) {\n //Simplest case: same length, no mask arrays\n for (int i = 0; i < arrays.length; i++) {\n long thisNExamples = arrays[i].size(0);\n arr.put(new INDArrayIndex[] {NDArrayIndex.interval(examplesSoFar, examplesSoFar + thisNExamples),\n NDArrayIndex.all(), NDArrayIndex.all()}, arrays[i]);\n examplesSoFar += thisNExamples;\n }\n return new Pair<>(arr, null);\n } else {\n //Either different length, or have mask arrays (or, both)\n if ((lengthsDiffer && !", "hasMask) || maskRank == 2) {\n //Standard per-example masking required\n for (int i = 0; i < arrays.length; i++) {\n INDArray a = arrays[i];\n long thisNExamples = a.size(0);\n long thisLength = a.size(2);\n arr.put(new INDArrayIndex[] {NDArrayIndex.interval(examplesSoFar, examplesSoFar + thisNExamples),\n NDArrayIndex.all(), NDArrayIndex.interval(0, thisLength)}, a);\n\n if (masks !", "= null && masks[i] !", "= null && masks[i] !", "= null) {\n INDArray origMask = masks[i];\n long maskLength = origMask.size(1);\n mask.put(new INDArrayIndex[] {\n NDArrayIndex.interval(examplesSoFar, examplesSoFar + thisNExamples),\n NDArrayIndex.interval(0, maskLength)}, origMask);\n if (maskLength < maxLength) {\n //Set end mask array to zero...\n mask.put(new INDArrayIndex[] {\n NDArrayIndex.interval(examplesSoFar, examplesSoFar + thisNExamples),\n NDArrayIndex.interval(maskLength, maxLength)},\n Nd4j.zeros(thisNExamples, maxLength - maskLength));\n }\n } else {\n if (thisLength < maxLength) {\n //Mask the end\n mask.put(new INDArrayIndex[] {\n NDArrayIndex.interval(examplesSoFar, examplesSoFar + thisNExamples),\n NDArrayIndex.interval(thisLength, maxLength)},\n Nd4j.zeros(thisNExamples, maxLength - thisLength));\n }\n }\n\n examplesSoFar += thisNExamples;\n }\n } else if (maskRank == 3) {\n //Per output masking required. ", "May also be variable length\n mask = Nd4j.create(arr.shape());\n for (int i = 0; i < arrays.length; i++) {\n INDArray m = masks[i];\n INDArray a = arrays[i];\n long thisNExamples = a.size(0);\n long thisLength = a.size(2);\n arr.put(new INDArrayIndex[] {NDArrayIndex.interval(examplesSoFar, examplesSoFar + thisNExamples),\n NDArrayIndex.all(), NDArrayIndex.interval(0, thisLength)}, a);\n\n if (m == null) {\n //This mask is null -> equivalent to \"all present\"\n mask.get(NDArrayIndex.interval(examplesSoFar, examplesSoFar + thisNExamples),\n NDArrayIndex.all(), NDArrayIndex.interval(0, thisLength)).assign(1);\n } else {\n mask.put(new INDArrayIndex[] {\n NDArrayIndex.interval(examplesSoFar, examplesSoFar + thisNExamples),\n NDArrayIndex.all(), NDArrayIndex.interval(0, thisLength)}, m);\n }\n\n examplesSoFar += thisNExamples;\n }\n } else {\n throw new UnsupportedOperationException(\"Cannot merge time series with mask rank \" + maskRank);\n }\n }\n\n return new Pair<>(arr, mask);\n }\n\n /**\n * Merge the specified 4d arrays and masks. ", "See {@link #mergeFeatures(INDArray[], INDArray[])}\n * and {@link #mergeLabels(INDArray[], INDArray[])}\n *\n * @param arrays Arrays to merge\n * @param masks Mask arrays to merge\n * @param inOutIdx Index to extract out before merging\n * @return Merged arrays and mask\n */\n public static Pair<INDArray, INDArray> merge4d(INDArray[][] arrays, INDArray[][] masks, int inOutIdx) {\n Pair<INDArray[], INDArray[]> p = selectColumnFromMDSData(arrays, masks, inOutIdx);\n return merge4d(p.getFirst(), p.getSecond());\n }\n\n /**\n * Merge the specified 4d arrays and masks. ", "See {@link #mergeFeatures(INDArray[], INDArray[])}\n * and {@link #mergeLabels(INDArray[], INDArray[])}\n *\n * @param arrays Arrays to merge\n * @param masks Mask arrays to merge\n * @return Merged arrays and mask\n */\n public static Pair<INDArray, INDArray> merge4d(INDArray[] arrays, INDArray[] masks) {\n //4d -> images. ", "In principle: could have 2d mask arrays (per-example masks)\n\n int nExamples = 0;\n long[] shape = arrays[0].shape();\n INDArray[] temp = new INDArray[arrays.length];\n boolean hasMasks = false;\n for (int i = 0; i < arrays.length; i++) {\n nExamples += arrays[i].size(0);\n long[] thisShape = arrays[i].shape();\n if (thisShape.length !", "= 4) {\n throw new IllegalStateException(\"Cannot merge 4d arrays with non 4d arrays\");\n }\n for (int j = 1; j < 4; j++) {\n if (thisShape[j] !", "= shape[j])\n throw new IllegalStateException(\n \"Cannot merge 4d arrays with different shape (other than # examples): \"\n + \" data[0].shape = \" + Arrays.toString(shape) + \", data[\" + i\n + \"].shape = \" + Arrays.toString(thisShape));\n }\n\n temp[i] = arrays[i];\n if (masks !", "= null && masks[i] !", "= null && masks[i] !", "= null) {\n hasMasks = true;\n if (masks[i].rank() !", "= 2) {\n throw new UnsupportedOperationException(\"Cannot merged 4d arrays with masks that are not rank 2.\"", "\n + \" Got mask array with rank: \" + masks[i].rank());\n }\n }\n }\n\n INDArray out = Nd4j.specialConcat(0, temp);\n INDArray outMask = null;\n if (hasMasks) {\n outMask = DataSetUtil.mergePerOutputMasks2d(out.shape(), arrays, masks);\n }\n\n return new Pair<>(out, outMask);\n }\n}\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }

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[ "Jung as psychologist of religion and Jung as philosopher of religion.", "\nIs it possible to be both a psychologist and a philosopher? ", "Is it possible for a psychologist, or more generally a social scientist, to use social scientific findings to make philosophical claims? ", "Specifically, is it possible for a social scientist to use social scientific findings to determine the existence of God? ", "Did Jung profess to be only a psychologist or also a philosopher? ", "If he professed to be both, did he enlist his psychological findings to make philosophical claims? ", "Specifically, did he enlist his psychological findings to determine the existence of God?" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

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[ "1. ", "Technical Field\nThe present disclosure relates to a nerve graft, especially to a nerve graft for guiding injured neurons to reconnect.", "\n2. ", "Description of Related Art\nA nervous system is a complex cellular communication network that is mainly composed of neurons and glial cells (neuroglial cells). ", "Glial cells occupy spaces between the neurons and modulate the neurons' functions. ", "The neurons sense stimuli and transmit this information to the brain for processing and storage. ", "For example, the neurons receive diverse stimuli from the environment (e.g. light, touch, sound) and transmit electrical signals, which are then converted into chemical signals to be passed on to other cells.", "\nNeurons exist in a number of different shapes and sizes, and can be classified by their morphology and function. ", "The basic morphology of a neuron includes a cell body and neurites projecting/branching from the cell body towards other neurons. ", "The neurites can also be divided into two types by their functions. ", "One is a dendrite, which branches around the cell body and receive signals from other neurons to the cell body. ", "The other is an axon, which branches from the cell body and grows continually without tapering. ", "The axon conducts the signals away from the neuron's cell body. ", "The end of the axon has branching terminals that release neurotransmitters into a gap between the branching terminals and the dendrites of other neurons. ", "Thus, the information or signal is propagated.", "\nNeuron damage can lead to neurite degeneration and retraction. ", "If the damage is severe, breaks in neurites affect signal transmission and the cellular communication between neurons will cease.", "\nWhat is needed, therefore, is a nerve graft to reconnect opposite terminals in broken neurites." ]

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[ "Q:\n\nAutomatic Execute When the Form is loaded\n\nPlease help me this.", "\nI have the following code (C#):\n decimal quantity = 0, avai = 0, newavai = 0;\n decimal totalstock = 0, newtotalstock = 0;\n\n if (decimal.", "TryParse(G1.Rows[e.", "RowIndex].Cells[\"Quantity\"].Value.", "ToString(), out quantity) && decimal.", "TryParse(G1.Rows[e.", "RowIndex].Cells[\"AvailableStock\"].Value.", "ToString(), out avai))\n {\n newavai = avai + quantity;\n G1.Rows[e.", "RowIndex].Cells[\"AvailableStock\"].Value = newavai.", "ToString();\n }\n if (decimal.", "TryParse(G1.Rows[e.", "RowIndex].Cells[\"TotalStock\"].Value.", "ToString(), out totalstock) && decimal.", "TryParse(G1.Rows[e.", "RowIndex].Cells[\"Quantity\"].Value.", "ToString(), out quantity))\n {\n newtotalstock = totalstock + quantity;\n G1.Rows[e.", "RowIndex].Cells[\"TotalStock\"].Value = newtotalstock.", "ToString();\n }\n\nThis code is just about calculating the cell in Datagridview and it worked perfectly fine. ", "Thing is, I want that automatic execute when the form is loaded. ", "Now I just temporary put it in Cell Click event because I wanna test the code and dont know where to put the code, please help me. ", "\nThank you.", "\n\nA:\n\nYou can do that with two options:\nFirst create a new instance of DataGridViewCellEventArgs then specify the column index and row index, you can refer to this link for more info:\n DataGridViewCellEventArgs\nThen I replace all your e with ee since in Form Load, variable e is already been used. ", "That's it.", "\n private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)\n {\n DataGridViewCellEventArgs ee = new DataGridViewCellEventArgs(1, 1);\n\n decimal quantity = 0, avai = 0, newavai = 0;\n decimal totalstock = 0, newtotalstock = 0;\n\n if (decimal.", "TryParse(G1.Rows[ee.", "RowIndex].Cells[\"Quantity\"].Value.", "ToString(), out quantity) && decimal.", "TryParse(G1.Rows[ee.", "RowIndex].Cells[\"AvailableStock\"].Value.", "ToString(), out avai))\n {\n newavai = avai + quantity;\n G1.Rows[ee.", "RowIndex].Cells[\"AvailableStock\"].Value = newavai.", "ToString();\n }\n if (decimal.", "TryParse(G1.Rows[ee.", "RowIndex].Cells[\"TotalStock\"].Value.", "ToString(), out totalstock) && decimal.", "TryParse(G1.Rows[ee.", "RowIndex].Cells[\"Quantity\"].Value.", "ToString(), out quantity))\n {\n newtotalstock = totalstock + quantity;\n G1.Rows[ee.", "RowIndex].Cells[\"TotalStock\"].Value = newtotalstock.", "ToString();\n }\n }\n\nThe other option is that you can call the click event handler with this:\n private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)\n {\n DataGridViewCellEventArgs ee = new DataGridViewCellEventArgs(1, 1);\n G1_CellClick(sender, ee);\n }\n\nprivate void G1_CellClick(object sender, DataGridViewCellEventArgs e)\n {\n decimal quantity = 0, avai = 0, newavai = 0;\n decimal totalstock = 0, newtotalstock = 0;\n\n if (decimal.", "TryParse(G1.Rows[e.", "RowIndex].Cells[\"Quantity\"].Value.", "ToString(), out quantity) && decimal.", "TryParse(G1.Rows[e.", "RowIndex].Cells[\"AvailableStock\"].Value.", "ToString(), out avai))\n {\n newavai = avai + quantity;\n G1.Rows[e.", "RowIndex].Cells[\"AvailableStock\"].Value = newavai.", "ToString();\n }\n if (decimal.", "TryParse(G1.Rows[e.", "RowIndex].Cells[\"TotalStock\"].Value.", "ToString(), out totalstock) && decimal.", "TryParse(G1.Rows[e.", "RowIndex].Cells[\"Quantity\"].Value.", "ToString(), out quantity))\n {\n newtotalstock = totalstock + quantity;\n G1.Rows[e.", "RowIndex].Cells[\"TotalStock\"].Value = newtotalstock.", "ToString();\n }\n }\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

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[ "NEW YORK (Reuters) - U.S. pipeline operators are selling their underused space at steep discounts to keep crude flowing - angering shippers and distorting an already opaque market for oil trading.", "\n\nPipeline firms such as Plains All American and TransCanada Corp move about 10 million barrels of crude around the United States every day.", "\n\nFor pipeline operators to secure financing to build pipelines and storage facilities, they need oil producers, refiners and traders to sign long-term contracts to use space on the pipelines.", "\n\nPipeline firms can then use the guaranteed revenue from those contracts as collateral. ", "Firms shipping on the pipeline have historically benefited from the long-term deals because they offered a discount compared to the price of buying space occasionally.", "\n\nBut now, in the wake of a two-year oil price crash, pipeline firms are still struggling to keep their lines full. ", "So their marketing arms are offering steep discounts to ad-hoc buyers of pipeline capacity - which irritates customers whose long-term contracts are now more expensive than spot purchases.", "\n\n\"If I were a producer with a long-term contract, I would be very unhappy at the present time,” said Rick Smead, managing director of advisory services at RBN Energy in Houston. “", "But, the reality is that when they (signed contracts), they were trapped.”", "\n\nEight pipeline operators contacted by Reuters for this story declined to comment on their discounted spot pricing or the secondary market for pipeline capacity.", "\n\nSome of those pipeline firms are offering prices as low as 25 percent of federally regulated rates, creating a secondary market that undercuts shippers with long-term contracts, according to four sources at companies that regularly ship on the pipelines.", "\n\nFor a graphic detailing how the discount deals work, see: http://tmsnrt.rs/2sJwW5E\n\nThe discounts emerged after a global glut and crashing oil prices caused many shippers to let their pipeline contracts lapse or declare bankruptcy.", "\n\nMore than a dozen producers, traders and refiners told Reuters they were angry and frustrated that these discount deals have become a mainstay. ", "They declined to be named because they were not authorized to speak publicly.", "\n\nThe contract and regulatory framework of the industry makes it difficult for them to bargain down their own long-term contracts, leaving them paying more for the pipeline space than occasional shippers competing to send oil through the same lines.", "\n\nThis gives the occasional shippers the edge in delivering cheaper crude to potential buyers at the end of the line.", "\n\nThe industry downturn since 2014 has reduced demand from occasional shippers to use the line at that price.", "\n\nEarlier this year, TransCanada's marketing arm offered customers the right to send crude through the line at a tariff of between 80 to 90 cents, traders using the line said.", "\n\nAt the end of 2016, the rate offered was as low 30 to 40 cents. ", "Even with the discounts, the line rarely reached 70 percent capacity.", "\n\nTransCanada declined to comment.", "\n\nPipeline operators agree to charge specific tariffs for sending oil through the lines when they sign long-term contracts with oil shippers.", "\n\nThose rates are known as committed tariffs, and are subject to approval by the U.S. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC). ", "The FERC also reviews the rates paid by occasional shippers, known as uncommitted tariffs.", "\n\nThe FERC declined to comment on the secondary market and on the tariffs that the marketing arms of pipeline operators are charging in that market.", "\n\nAGGRESSIVE MARKETING\n\nMost of the 10 largest U.S. pipeline operators - such as Enbridge and Enterprise Products Partners - have established their own marketing or trading arms that are reselling space.", "\n\nLast year, TransCanada - which operates the massive Keystone pipeline system - became the most recent player to open a unit to trade oil and resell pipeline space.", "\n\nA few, such as Plains, have had marketing arms for more than a decade, but in the past they had mostly just sold or traded space that went unused by major producers who had committed to long-term contracts.", "\n\nOn lines such as TransCanada’s, big producers such as ExxonMobil and Suncor Energy account for up to 90 percent of the flow in a pipeline. ", "The remaining 10 percent is sold to occasional shippers.", "\n\nSuncor and ExxonMobil declined to comment.", "\n\nWith the three-year rout in oil, the volume accounted for in long-term contracts has fallen, and the marketing arms have gone from simply selling occasional space to needing to make big deals to fill the lines.", "\n\nThe practice has become so widespread that even pipeline operators who had previously said they disliked the emergence of the secondary market have now joined the fray.", "\n\nMagellan Midstream Partners , for instance, in November applied to the FERC to establish a marketing arm, citing the more favorable terms other firms can offer customers. ", "The move came after Magellan had declined for years to run its own operation out of fear that it would compete with its own customers.", "\n\nThe secondary market is formed by marketing firms signing up to long-term contracts with their parent companies, the pipeline owners. ", "The marketing firms become like committed customers to the line, and pay the same rates for the space as the firms with long-term contracts.", "\n\nThose marketing firms book a paper loss for shipping the volumes at a discount. ", "But the sales keep the pipelines more full - which makes the parent firm look better to investors, who use pipeline volume as a key metric to judge those firms.", "\n\nSome companies have felt the pinch of the paper losses. ", "Genesis Energy LP - a Houston-based midstream firm with a market cap of $3.6 billion - said its supply and logistics unit saw fourth-quarter revenues fall by 15 percent from a year earlier.", "\n\nThe company’s Chief Executive Grant Sims, during a recent earnings call, cited \"volume cannibalization\" for the decline, saying that it was forced to compete in a market in which participants were willing to lose money.", "\n\nGenesis declined to comment further to Reuters.", "\n\nEd Longanecker president of the Texas Independent Producers & Royalty Owners Association, said tensions between producers and midstream firms become more strained in a low-price environment, with producers \"at the mercy of an extremely competitive market.\"" ]

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[ "Hard disk drive failure\n\nA hard disk drive failure occurs when a hard disk drive malfunctions and the stored information cannot be accessed with a properly configured computer.", "\n\nA hard disk failure may occur in the course of normal operation, or due to an external factor such as exposure to fire or water or high magnetic fields, or suffering a sharp impact or environmental contamination, which can lead to a head crash.", "\n\nThe stored information on a hard drive may also be rendered inaccessible as a result of data corruption, disruption or destruction of the hard drive's master boot record, or by malware deliberately destroying the disk's contents.", "\n\nCauses \nThere are a number of causes for hard drives to fail including: human error, hardware failure, firmware corruption, heat, water damage, power issues and mishaps. ", "Drive manufacturers typically specify a mean time between failures (MTBF) or an annualized failure rate (AFR) which are population statistics that can't predict the behavior of an individual unit. ", "These are calculated by constantly running samples of the drive for a short period of time, analyzing the resultant wear and tear upon the physical components of the drive, and extrapolating to provide a reasonable estimate of its lifespan. ", "Hard disk drive failures tend to follow the concept of the bathtub curve. ", "Drives typically fail within a short time if there is a defect present from manufacturing. ", "If a drive proves reliable for a period of a few months after installation, the drive has a significantly greater chance of remaining reliable. ", "Therefore, even if a drive is subjected to several years of heavy daily use, it may not show any notable signs of wear unless closely inspected. ", "On the other hand, a drive can fail at any time in many different situations. ", "\nThe most notorious cause of drive failure is a head crash, where the internal read-and-write head of the device, usually just hovering above the surface, touches a platter, or scratches the magnetic data-storage surface. ", "A head crash usually incurs severe data loss, and data recovery attempts may cause further damage if not done by a specialist with proper equipment. ", "Drive platters are coated with an extremely thin layer of non-electrostatic lubricant, so that the read-and-write head will simply glance off the surface of the platter should a collision occur. ", "However, this head hovers mere nanometers from the platter's surface which makes a collision an acknowledged risk. ", "Another cause of failure is a faulty air filter. ", "The air filters on today's drives equalize the atmospheric pressure and moisture between the drive enclosure and its outside environment. ", "If the filter fails to capture a dust particle, the particle can land on the platter, causing a head crash if the head happens to sweep over it. ", "After a head crash, particles from the damaged platter and head media can cause one or more bad sectors. ", "These, in addition to platter damage, will quickly render a drive useless. ", "A drive also includes controller electronics, which occasionally fail. ", "In such cases, it may be possible to recover all data.", "\n\nThe phenomenon of disk failure is not limited only to drives, but also applies to other types of magnetic media. ", "In the late 1990s, Iomega's 100-megabyte Zip disks used in Zip drives were affected by the click of death, called so because the drives endlessly clicked when accessed, indicating the impending failure. ", "3.5-inch floppy disks can also fall victim to disk failure. ", "If either the drive or the media is dirty, users may experience the buzz of death when attempting to access the drive.", "\n\nSigns of drive failure \nFailure of a hard disk drive can be catastrophic or gradual. ", "The former typically presents as a drive that can no longer be detected by CMOS setup, or that fails to pass BIOS POST so that the operating system never sees it. ", "Gradual hard-drive failure can be harder to diagnose, because its symptoms, such as corrupted data and slowing down of the PC (caused by gradually failing areas of the hard drive requiring repeated read attempts before successful access), can be caused by many other computer issues, such as malware. ", "A rising number of bad sectors can be a sign of a failing hard drive, but because the hard drive automatically adds them to its own growth defect table, they may not become evident to utilities such as ScanDisk unless the utility can catch them before the hard drive's defect management system does, or the backup sectors held in reserve by the internal hard-drive defect management system run out. ", "A cyclical repetitive pattern of seek activity such as rapid or slower seek-to-end noises (click of death) can be indicative of hard drive problems.", "\n\nLanding zones and load/unload technology \n\nDuring normal operation, heads in HDDs fly above the data recorded on the disks. ", "Modern HDDs prevent power interruptions or other malfunctions from landing its heads in the data zone by either physically moving (parking) the heads to a special landing zone on the platters that is not used for data storage, or by physically locking the heads in a suspended (unloaded) position raised off the platters. ", "Some early PC HDDs did not park the heads automatically when power was prematurely disconnected and the heads would land on data. ", "In some other early units the user would run a program to manually park the heads.", "\n\nLanding zones \nA landing zone is an area of the platter usually near its inner diameter (ID), where no data is stored. ", "This area is called the Contact Start/Stop (CSS) zone. ", "Disks are designed such that either a spring or, more recently, rotational inertia in the platters is used to park the heads in the case of unexpected power loss. ", "In this case, the spindle motor temporarily acts as a generator, providing power to the actuator.", "\n\nSpring tension from the head mounting constantly pushes the heads towards the platter. ", "While the disk is spinning, the heads are supported by an air bearing and experience no physical contact or wear. ", "In CSS drives the sliders carrying the head sensors (often also just called heads) are designed to survive a number of landings and takeoffs from the media surface, though wear and tear on these microscopic components eventually takes its toll. ", "Most manufacturers design the sliders to survive 50,000 contact cycles before the chance of damage on startup rises above 50%. ", "However, the decay rate is not linear: when a disk is younger and has had fewer start-stop cycles, it has a better chance of surviving the next startup than an older, higher-mileage disk (as the head literally drags along the disk's surface until the air bearing is established). ", "For example, the Seagate Barracuda 7200.10 series of desktop hard disk drives are rated to 50,000 start–stop cycles, in other words no failures attributed to the head–platter interface were seen before at least 50,000 start–stop cycles during testing.", "\n\nAround 1995 IBM pioneered a technology where a landing zone on the disk is made by a precision laser process (Laser Zone Texture = LZT) producing an array of smooth nanometer-scale \"bumps\" in a landing zone, thus vastly improving stiction and wear performance. ", "This technology is still largely in use today, predominantly in desktop and enterprise (3.5-inch) drives. ", "In general, CSS technology can be prone to increased stiction (the tendency for the heads to stick to the platter surface), e.g. as a consequence of increased humidity. ", "Excessive stiction can cause physical damage to the platter and slider or spindle motor.", "\n\nUnloading \nLoad/unload technology relies on the heads being lifted off the platters into a safe location, thus eliminating the risks of wear and stiction altogether. ", "The first HDD RAMAC and most early disk drives used complex mechanisms to load and unload the heads. ", "Modern HDDs use ramp loading, first introduced by Memorex in 1967, to load/unload onto plastic \"ramps\" near the outer disk edge.", "\n\nAddressing shock robustness, IBM also created a technology for their ThinkPad line of laptop computers called the Active Protection System. ", "When a sudden, sharp movement is detected by the built-in accelerometer in the Thinkpad, internal hard disk heads automatically unload themselves to reduce the risk of any potential data loss or scratch defects. ", "Apple later also utilized this technology in their PowerBook, iBook, MacBook Pro, and MacBook line, known as the Sudden Motion Sensor. ", "Sony, HP with their HP 3D DriveGuard and Toshiba have released similar technology in their notebook computers.", "\n\nModes of failure \nHard drives may fail in a number of ways. ", "Failure may be immediate and total, progressive, or limited. ", "Data may be totally destroyed, or partially or totally recoverable.", "\n\nEarlier drives had a tendency toward developing bad sectors with use and wear; these bad sectors could be \"mapped out\" so they were not used and did not affect operation of a drive, and this was considered normal unless many bad sectors developed in a short period of time. ", "Some early drives even had a table attached to a drive's case on which bad sectors were to be listed as they appeared. ", "Later drives map out bad sectors automatically, in a way invisible to the user; a drive with remapped sectors may continue to be used. ", "Statistics and logs available through S.M.A.R.T (Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology) provide information about the remapping.", "\n\nOther failures, which may be either progressive or limited, are usually considered to be a reason to replace a drive; the value of data potentially at risk usually far outweighs the cost saved by continuing to use a drive which may be failing. ", "Repeated but recoverable read or write errors, unusual noises, excessive and unusual heating, and other abnormalities, are warning signs.", "\n\n Head crash: a head may contact the rotating platter due to mechanical shock or other reason. ", "At best this will cause irreversible damage and data loss where contact was made. ", "In the worst case the debris scraped off the damaged area may contaminate all heads and platters, and destroy all data on all platters. ", "If damage is initially only partial, continued rotation of the drive may extend the damage until it is total.", "\n Bad sectors: some magnetic sectors may become faulty without rendering the whole drive unusable. ", "This may be a limited occurrence or a sign of imminent failure.", "\n Stiction: after a time the head may not \"take off\" when started up as it tends to stick to the platter, a phenomenon known as stiction. ", "This is usually due to unsuitable lubrication properties of the platter surface, a design or manufacturing defect rather than wear. ", "This occasionally happened with some designs until the early 1990s.", "\n Circuit failure: components of the electronic circuitry may fail making the drive inoperable.", "\n Bearing and motor failure: electric motors may fail or burn out, and bearings may wear enough to prevent proper operation.", "\n Miscellaneous mechanical failures: parts, particularly moving parts, of any mechanism can break or fail, preventing normal operation, with possible further damage caused by fragments.", "\n\nMetrics of failures \nMost major hard disk and motherboard vendors support S.M.A.R.T, which measures drive characteristics such as operating temperature, spin-up time, data error rates, etc. ", "Certain trends and sudden changes in these parameters are thought to be associated with increased likelihood of drive failure and data loss. ", "However, S.M.A.R.T. parameters alone may not be useful for predicting individual drive failures. ", "While several S.M.A.R.T. parameters affect failure probability, a large fraction of failed drives do not produce predictive S.M.A.R.T. parameters. ", "Unpredictable breakdown may occur at any time in normal use, with potential loss of all data. ", "Recovery of some or even all data from a damaged drive is sometimes, but not always possible, and is normally costly.", "\n\nA 2007 study published by Google suggested very little correlation between failure rates and either high temperature or activity level. ", "Indeed, the Google study indicated that \"one of our key findings has been the lack of a consistent pattern of higher failure rates for higher temperature drives or for those drives at higher utilization levels.\". ", "Hard drives with S.M.A.R.T.-reported average temperatures below had higher failure rates than hard drives with the highest reported average temperature of , failure rates at least twice as high as the optimum S.M.A.R.T.-reported temperature range of to . ", "The correlation between manufacturers, models and the failure rate was relatively strong. ", "Statistics in this matter are kept highly secret by most entities; Google did not relate manufacturers' names with failure rates, though it has been revealed that Google uses Hitachi Deskstar drives in some of its servers.", "\n\nGoogle's 2007 study found, based on a large field sample of drives, that actual annualized failure rates (AFRs) for individual drives ranged from 1.7% for first year drives to over 8.6% for three-year-old drives. ", "A similar 2007 study at CMU on enterprise drives showed that measured MTBF was 3–4 times lower than the manufacturer's specification, with an estimated 3% mean AFR over 1–5 years based on replacement logs for a large sample of drives, and that hard drive failures were highly correlated in time.", "\n\nA 2007 study of latent sector errors (as opposed to the above studies of complete disk failures) showed that 3.45% of 1.5 million disks developed latent sector errors over 32 months (3.15% of nearline disks and 1.46% of enterprise class disks developed at least one latent sector error within twelve months of their ship date), with the annual sector error rate increasing between the first and second years. ", "Enterprise drives showed less sector errors than consumer drives. ", "Background scrubbing was found to be effective in correcting these errors.", "\n\nSCSI, SAS, and FC drives are more expensive than consumer-grade SATA drives, and usually used in servers and disk arrays, where SATA drives were sold to the home computer and desktop and near-line storage market and were perceived to be less reliable. ", "This distinction is now becoming blurred.", "\n\nThe mean time between failures (MTBF) of SATA drives is usually specified to be about 1.2 million hours (some drives such as Western Digital Raptor have rated 1.4 million hours MTBF), while SAS/FC drives are rated for upwards of 1.6 million hours. ", "However, independent research indicates that MTBF is not a reliable estimate of a drive's longevity (service life). ", "MTBF is conducted in laboratory environments in test chambers and is an important metric to determine the quality of a disk drive, but is designed to only measure the relatively constant failure rate over the service life of the drive (the middle of the \"bathtub curve\") before final wear-out phase. ", "A more interpretable, but equivalent, metric to MTBF is annualized failure rate (AFR). ", "AFR is the percentage of drive failures expected per year. ", "Both AFR and MTBF tend to measure reliability only in the initial part of the life of a hard disk drive thereby understating the real probability of failure of a used drive.", "\n\nThe cloud storage company Backblaze produces an annual report into hard drive reliability. ", "However the company states that it mainly uses commodity consumer drives, which are deployed in enterprise conditions, rather than in their representative conditions and for their intended use. ", "Consumer drives are also not tested to work with enterprise RAID cards of the kind used in a datacenter, and may not respond in the time a RAID controller expects; such cards will be identified as having failed when they have not. ", "The result of tests of this kind may be relevant or irrelevant to different users, since they accurately represent the performance of consumer drives in the enterprise or under extreme stress, but may not accurately represent their performance in normal or intended use.", "\n\nExample drive families with high failure rates\n\nIBM 3380 DASD, 1984 ca.", "\nComputer Memories Inc. 20MB HDD for PC/AT, 1985 ca.", "\nFujitsu MPG3 and MPF3 series, 2002 ca.", "\nIBM Deskstar 75GXP, 2001 ca.", "\nSeagate ST3000DM001, 2012 ca.", "\n\nMitigation \nIn order to avoid the loss of data due to disk failure, common solutions include:\n\n Data backup, to allow restoration of data after a failure\n Data scrubbing, to detect and repair latent corruption\n Data redundancy, to allow systems to tolerate failures of individual drives\n Active hard-drive protection, to protect laptop drives from external mechanical forces\n S.M.A.R.T. (Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology) included in hard-drives, to provide early warning of predictable failure modes\n Base isolation used under server racks in data centers\n\nData recovery \nData from a failed drive can sometimes be partially or totally recovered if the platters' magnetic coating is not totally destroyed. ", "Specialised companies carry out data recovery, at significant cost, by opening the drives in a clean room and using appropriate equipment to read data from the platters directly. ", "If the electronics have failed, it is sometimes possible to replace the electronics board, though often drives of nominally exactly the same model manufactured at different times have different circuit boards that are incompatible. ", "Moreover, electronics boards of modern drives usually contain drive-specific adaptation data required for accessing their system areas, so the related componentry needs to be either reprogrammed (if possible) or unsoldered and transferred between two electronics boards.", "\n\nSometimes operation can be restored for long enough to recover data, perhaps requiring reconstruction techniques such as file carving. ", "Risky techniques are justifiable if the drive is otherwise dead. ", "If a drive is started up once it may continue to run for a shorter or longer time but never start again, so as much data as possible is recovered as soon as the drive starts. ", "A 1990s drive that does not start due to stiction can sometimes be started by tapping it or rotating the body of the drive rapidly by hand.", "\n\nReferences\n\nSee also\n Solid-state drive#SSD reliability and failure modes\n Cascading failure\nSingle point of failure\n\nExternal links \n\n Backblaze: Hard Drive Annual Failure Rates, 2014, 2016\n Failure Trends in a Large Disk Drive Population – Google, Inc. February 2007\n A Clean-Slate Look at Disk Scrubbing\n Hard Drive Failure\n Noises made by defective and failing hard disk drives\n Hard disk drive anatomy: Logical and physical failures\n\nCategory:Hard disk drives\nCategory:Technological failures" ]

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[ "Q:\n\nDifference between centre of mass of ring and solid sphere\n\nCentre of mass of ring and centre of mass of solid sphere is at the geometric centre but how the mass of ring will be less than the mass of the solid sphere? ", "\nAnd\ncentre of mass depends upon mass, so I think they both will have different COM.", "\n\nA:\n\nWell consider the definition of position of center of mass of the system given below:-$$\\vec{r}_{com}=\\frac{\\sum_{i=1}^n m_{i}\\vec{r}_{i}}{\\sum_{i=1}^n m_{i}}$$\nThese kind of definitions are similar to the definitions in statistics related to the weighted average mean of something.", "\nHere,the shapes are symmetric about their geometric centres.", "The definition of centre of mass suggests us that the position of centre of mass must be at its geometric centre.", "\n\n" ]

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[ "Q:\n\nonClick conditional executing on load\n\nI have a php-based authorization setup that loads authorization level into a JS variable, and I'd like to disable onclick events based on the authlevel.", "\nI've written/borrowed the following partial that works fine for executing arbitrary functions with their parameters (from other excellent stackoverflow posts). ", "I've tested it with functions passing parameters and it works great.", "\nfunction checkauth(authlevel, reqauthlevel, callback, message) {\n // Handle custom message or lack thereof\n message = (typeof message === \"undefined\") ? \"", "You do not have authorization for this action\" : message;\n\n if (authlevel >= reqauthlevel) {\n callback()\n }\n else {\n alert(message)\n }\n}\nfunction partial(func /*, 0..n args */) {\n var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1);\n return function() {\n var allArguments = args.concat(Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments));\n return func.apply(this, allArguments);\n };\n}\n\nWhen I call it to handle a button event, however, I get the auth message on page load using the code below. ", "Is there a better way to handle events to selectively ignore them? ", "I know I can use php to just not create the buttons, or js to delete them or produce them selectively, but I'd like to have them there as a demo for UI experience without the action results. ", "TIA - c\n$(function(){\n $('#spdownbutton').click(checkauth(authlevel, 2, function(){\n var selectedchannelname=document.getElementById(\"selectchannel\").value\n $.ajax({\n url: \"/wsgiupdatecontrol\",\n type: \"post\",\n datatype:\"json\",\n data\n {'action':'spchange','subaction':'incdown','database':controldatabase,'channelname':selectedchannelname},\n success: function(response){\n setTimeout(UpdateChannelData,updatetimeout)\n }\n });\n }, stdmessage));\n}\n\nA:\n\ntry this: \n$(function(){\n $('#spdownbutton').click(function(){\n checkauth(authlevel, 2, function(){\n var selectedchannelname=document.getElementById(\"selectchannel\").value\n $.ajax({\n url: \"/wsgiupdatecontrol\",\n type: \"post\",\n datatype:\"json\",\n data\n {'action':'spchange','subaction':'incdown','database':controldatabase,'channelname':selectedchannelname},\n success: function(response){\n setTimeout(UpdateChannelData,updatetimeout)\n }\n });\n }, stdmessage);\n });\n}\n\n" ]

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[ "Start with two people who love to travel. (", "Pictured above: my mom and dad on their honeymoon, in New York State.)", "\n\nAdd a three year old about to take her first big trip. ", "My Aunt Lois gave me a nifty suitcase/umbrella combo for Christmas that year. ", "Not only did I feel like a big girl on the airplane, I played with the suitcase for years.", "\n\nBe lucky enough to have relatives who live in California. ", "And when you and your mom fly there for your cousin's baptism, you get to visit Disneyland.", "\n\nTrue story: when I was two-and-a-half, and my sister was six weeks old, my parents took us camping. ", "The campground was only twenty miles from home. ", "What could possibly go wrong?", "\n\nSome time after we reached the campground, the car keys went missing. ", "My parents searched the campsite but eventually realized they were irretrievably lost. ", "So my dad hitchhiked back to the farm and got a spare set from my grandfather, while my mom waited with the toddler and the newborn at the campground.", "\n\nYou'd think after an experience like that, they'd give travelling a miss for a while. ", "But they didn't, and we kept travelling every summer. ", "To the best of my knowledge, we never lost the car keys again. (", "Although they probably started taking a spare set.)", "\n\nAnd if that isn't enough to keep you from taking a trip every year, you just might end up with a family that loves to travel.", "\n\nYour little red suitcase and umbrella were adorable! ", "My parents were not travelers. ", "Boaters, but only Great Lakes and Canada. ", "Think Mexico once was as far as they ever traveled. ", "I didn't do much either to begin with, but had my kids take any and all trips offered at school. ", "My daughter took a semester at Le Rosey. ", "My dad warned me...once she gets a taste of that, she'll never stop. ", "Why the warning I wondered back then? ", "He was right, she's never stopped AND takes me along. ", "I disagreed with my dad...still can't figure out his reasoning.", "\n\nOh, good for your parents--camping with a newborn! ", "Traveling is great. ", "We have neighbors who won't venture any further than where they can sleep in their own bed at night. ", "And then we're the opposite. ", "I did growing up also. ", "Your suitcase is the best and I love your little white gloves too! ", "Those were the days!", "\n\nOh my goodness, you were the cutest little tot! ", "We grew up traveling somewhere \"big\" at least once a year, usually twice, and I have so many fond memories of those family trips. ", "And now, at almost two years old, my daughter already has 8 airplane flights and one roadtrip under her belt. ", "=) We're hoping to raise a travel-loving little lady, too!", "\n\nThanks everyone, for your lovely comments. ", "Yup, my parents definitely had more courage than me. ", "I didn't take my kids on trips until after they were out of diapers.", "Barbara, I'm hoping that if either of my daughters loves to travel like that, they'll take me too!And Amy, you're going to have the most fearless little traveller!", "\n\nWhat a great story! ", "Today you'd never be able to take that umbrella on an airplane - I'm pretty sure they'd consider it a weapon. ", "I had a suitcase just like that in white with my name on it that my parents got each of us girls. ", "We played with ours for years as well. ", "Today parents would never consider plastering a child's name across a suitcase. ", "Wow times have changed, haven't they?", "\n\nWe always traveled and adored it! ", "I don't have any stories like that but my husband and I continued our family traditions and have taken our children everywhere at any age. ", "It has been fun and now they are grown. ", "Can't wait until my grandson can go camping!", "\n\nI love your little red suitcase! ", "My parents were not travelers. ", "When my kids were younger we loved packing up the car and taking impromptu weekend trips. (", "Never camping with a 6 wk old though!) ", "I do enjoy reading about all of your travels! :)", "\n\nThat's such a great story, Beth! ", "I love the photos especially little you with that nifty suitcase and umbrella. ", "What a precious gift your parents passed on to you and that you're passing on to your children too." ]

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[ "Kim captioned the picture as, \"Happy Birthday baby🎂❤️. Shine on 🌟 (sic).\" ", "With this picture, she has made their relationship #InstaOfficial. ", "Check out the lovely romantic selfie right here:\n\nHonestly, they do make for a good pair. ", "Before Harshvardhan, Kim was in a passionate relationship with fashion designer Arjun Khanna. ", "It's not sure yet whether Arjun has gone back to his wife or not, but it's great to see that Kim has moved on happily. ", "And with this romantic picture with Harshvardhan, she is screaming out love in the open.", "\n\nConsidering the season of weddings is upon us, do we hear wedding bells soon for Harshvardhan and Kim? ", "Won't they make for an awesome couple? ", "What say folks? ", "Share your opinions with us.", "\n\nImage Source: instagram/kimsharmaofficial\n\nThey say the best things in life are free! ", "India’s favourite music channels 9XM, 9X Jalwa, 9X Jhakaas, 9X Tashan, 9XO are available Free-To-Air. ", "Make a request for these channels from your Cable, DTH or HITS operator." ]

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[ "---\ntitle: DROP PROCEDURE statement [YSQL]\nheaderTitle: DROP PROCEDURE\nlinkTitle: DROP PROCEDURE\ndescription: Use the DROP PROCEDURE statement to remove a procedure from a database.", "\nblock_indexing: true\nmenu:\n v2.1:\n identifier: api-ysql-commands-drop-procedure\n parent: api-ysql-commands\nisTocNested: true\nshowAsideToc: true\n---\n\n## Synopsis\n\nUse the `DROP PROCEDURE` statement to remove a procedure from a database.", "\n\n## Syntax\n\n<ul class=\"nav nav-tabs nav-tabs-yb\">\n <li >\n <a href=\"#grammar\" class=\"nav-link active\" id=\"grammar-tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" role=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"grammar\" aria-selected=\"true\">\n <i class=\"fas fa-file-alt\" aria-hidden=\"true\"></i>\n Grammar\n </a>\n </li>\n <li>\n <a href=\"#diagram\" class=\"nav-link\" id=\"diagram-tab\" data-toggle=\"tab\" role=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"diagram\" aria-selected=\"false\">\n <i class=\"fas fa-project-diagram\" aria-hidden=\"true\"></i>\n Diagram\n </a>\n </li>\n</ul>\n\n<div class=\"tab-content\">\n <div id=\"grammar\" class=\"tab-pane fade show active\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"grammar-tab\">\n {{% includeMarkdown \"../syntax_resources/commands/drop_procedure,argtype_decl.grammar.md\" /%}}\n </div>\n <div id=\"diagram\" class=\"tab-pane fade\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"diagram-tab\">\n {{% includeMarkdown \"../syntax_resources/commands/drop_procedure,argtype_decl.diagram.md\" /%}}\n </div>\n</div>\n\n## Semantics\n\n- An error will be thrown if the procedure does not exist unless `IF EXISTS` is used. ", "Then a notice is issued instead.", "\n\n- `RESTRICT` is the default and it will not drop the procedure if any objects depend on it.", "\n\n- `CASCADE` will drop any objects that transitively depend on the procedure.", "\n\n## Examples\n\n```postgresql\nDROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS transfer(integer, integer, dec) CASCADE;\n```\n\n## See also\n\n- [`CREATE PROCEDURE`](../ddl_create_procedure)\n- [`DROP FUNCTION`](../ddl_drop_function)\n- [`DROP TRIGGER`](../ddl_drop_trigger)\n" ]

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[ "2014–15 Minnesota Golden Gophers men's basketball team\n\nThe 2014–15 Minnesota Golden Gophers men's basketball team represented the University of Minnesota in the 2014-15 college basketball season. ", "Led by second year head coach Richard Pitino the Golden Gophers, members of the Big Ten Conference, played their home games at Williams Arena in Minneapolis, Minnesota.", "\n\nPrevious season\nThe Golden Gophers finished the season 25–13, 8–10 in Big Ten play to finish in seventh place. ", "They advanced to the quarterfinals of the Big Ten Tournament where they lost to Wisconsin. ", "They were invited to the National Invitation Tournament where they defeated High Point, Saint Mary's, Southern Miss, Florida State and SMU to be the 2014 NIT Champions.", "\n\nDepartures\n\nIncoming recruits\n\nRoster\n\nSchedule and results\n\n|-\n! ", "colspan=\"9\" style=\"text-align: center; background:#800000\" | Exhibition \n\n|-\n! ", "colspan=\"9\" style=\"text-align: center; background:#800000\"|Regular season\n\n|-\n! ", "colspan=\"9\" style=\"text-align: center; background:#800000\"|Big Ten regular season\n\n|-\n! ", "colspan=\"9\" style=\"text-align: center; background:#800000\"|Big Ten Tournament\n\nReferences\n\nCategory:Minnesota Golden Gophers men's basketball seasons\nMinnesota\nCategory:2014 in sports in Minnesota\nCategory:2015 in sports in Minnesota" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }

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[ "East Surrey Regiment\n\nThe East Surrey Regiment was a line infantry regiment of the British Army in existence from 1881 until 1959. ", "The regiment was formed in 1881 under the Childers Reforms by the amalgamation of the 31st (Huntingdonshire) Regiment of Foot, the 70th (Surrey) Regiment of Foot, the 1st Royal Surrey Militia and the 3rd Royal Surrey Militia.", "\n\nIn 1959, after service in the Second Boer War and both World War I and World War II, the East Surrey Regiment was amalgamated with the Queen's Royal Regiment (West Surrey) to form the Queen's Royal Surrey Regiment, which was, in 1966, merged with the Queen's Own Buffs, The Royal Kent Regiment, the Royal Sussex Regiment and the Middlesex Regiment (Duke of Cambridge's Own) to form the Queen's Regiment. ", "The Queen's Regiment was subsequently amalgamated with the Royal Hampshire Regiment to form the present Princess of Wales's Royal Regiment (Queen's and Royal Hampshires).", "\n\nHistory\n\nEarly history\nIn 1702 a regiment of marines was raised in the West Country by George Villier (not related to the Villiers that became the Duke of Buckingham). ", "It was named Villier's Marines. ", "Villier was drowned in 1703, and the regiment was taken over by Alexander Luttrell. ", "After Luttrell's death in 1705, the command went to Joshua Churchill until 1711 when it became Goring's Regiment (at this time regiments took the name of their colonel).", "\n\nIn 1715 the regiment was removed from the marines and became the 31st Regiment of Infantry, and in 1751 the designation was changed to the 31st Regiment of Foot. ", "Five years later a second battalion was raised in Scotland, the 2/31st Foot, which was re-designated in 1758, the 70th Regiment of Foot (Glasgow Lowland Regiment).", "\n\nFurther changes were made in 1782. ", "The 31st became known as the 31st (Huntingdonshire) Regiment of Foot, while the 70th became the 70th (Surrey) Regiment of Foot. ", "They stayed with this title until 1881 when they became the 1st & 2nd battalions of the East Surrey Regiment.", "\n\n1881 to 1914\n \nFollowing amalgamation, The Barracks, Kingston upon Thames became the regimental depot.", "\n\nThe 1st Battalion, on formation, was in England, moving to India in 1884. ", "It remained in India until 1903, its last posting being at Lucknow. ", "It was then recalled to England and was posted at Aldershot, before moving to Jersey in 1905 and to Plymouth in 1909.", "\n\nThe 2nd Battalion was in India when formed, moving to Suez in 1884. ", "It then joined the Suakin Expedition in the Sudan in February 1885, where it saw fighting against the forces of the Mahdist State. ", "The battalion left Suakin when the expedition was withdrawn in May 1885, returning to England. ", "The battalion's next overseas service was in the Anglo-Boer War, where it took part in the Battle of Colenso in December 1899, the Relief of Ladysmith in February 1900, and the Battle of the Tugela Heights in February 1900. ", "After South Africa the battalion was shipped to India in 1903, where it replaced the 1st battalion at Lucknow. ", "The battalion remained in India until the outbreak of the First World War.", "\n\nThe 3rd (Militia) Battalion, which was formed from the 1st Royal Surrey Militia in 1881, was a reserve battalion. ", "It was embodied for service during the Second-Boer War in South Africa on 3 May 1900, disembodied on 15 October 1900, re-embodied on 6 May 1901 and disembodied on 26 July 1902. ", "More than 600 officers and men returned to Southampton by the SS Gaika in July 1902, following the end of the war, and was disbanded at Kingston barracks after having received their service medals.", "\n\nThe 4th (Militia) Battalion, formed from the 3rd Royal Surrey Militia in 1881 was also a reserve battalion. ", "It was embodied for service on 4 December 1899, disembodied on 12 July 1901, and re-embodied again for service during Second Boer War in South Africa. ", "850 officers and men returned to Southampton by the SS Tagus in October 1902, following the end of the war, and was disbanded at the Kingston barracks.", "\n\nThe regiment was also assigned its own 4th Volunteer Battalion, which later became 23rd (County of London) Battalion in the London Regiment.", "\n\nIn 1908, the Volunteers and Militia were reorganised nationally, with the former becoming the Territorial Force and the latter the Special Reserve; the regiment now had two Reserve and two Territorial battalions.", "\n\nFirst World War\n\nRegular Army\nOn 4 August 1914, the 1st Battalion, East Surrey Regiment was in Dublin. ", "Eleven days later, mobilization completed and at full war establishment, the 1st Battalion landed at Le Havre in France, and before the end of the month was in action against the Germans. ", "The battalion was assigned to the 14th Brigade, 5th Division, part of the original British Expeditionary Force (BEF). ", "During the Retreat from Mons and afterwards, the Battalion took part in the great battles of 1914, Le Cateau, the Marne and the Aisne. ", "In 1915, after the Battle of La Bassée, the 1st East Surreys withstood a most determined attack on Hill 60, near Ypres. ", "In the desperate fighting which ensued, the Battalion won three Victoria Crosses and seven Distinguished Conduct Medals. ", "Among the VCs was Lieutenant George Roupell, who later became the last Colonel of the East Surrey Regiment. ", "In late 1915 the brigade was transferred to the 32nd Division. ", "In 1916, the 1st Battalion took part in the great battles of the River Somme, and distinguished itself notably at Morval in September. ", "The Battalion took part in many of the great battles of 1917, such as Arras, the Third Battle of Ypres. ", "After a four-month tour on the Italian Front, the Battalion was back in France in March 1918, and was engaged in the Battles of Albert and Bapaume, and the subsequent advance to victory.", "\n\nThe 2nd Battalion returned from India at the outbreak of war, but it was not until January 1915 that it arrived in France with the 85th Brigade, 28th Division. ", "It was soon in action to the south of Ypres where it lost many men, some by poison gas: the battalion lost some 800 troops out of about 1,000. ", "The 2nd Battalion took part in the Battle of Loos in September 1915, and fought valiantly in the defence of the Hohenzollern Redoubt. ", "At a vital stage in this battle, Lieutenant Arthur Fleming-Sandes, though wounded, displayed exceptional courage and leadership, for which he was later awarded the Victoria Cross. ", "The following month the Battalion was transferred to the Salonika Expeditionary Force, and spent the remainder of the War on the Struma Valley Front and east of Lake Doiran. ", "The battalion saw action at the Battle of Doiran in January 1918.", "\n\nTerritorial Force\nThe 1/5th and 1/6th Battalions, East Surrey Regiment were not to see service on the Western Front. ", "Both battalions were part of the Surrey Brigade, alongside the 4th and 5th West Surreys, and attached to the Home Counties Division. ", "They embarked for India in October 1914 and were employed on garrison duties in the United Provinces and the Punjab for two years. ", "The 1/5th Battalion then joined the Mesopotamian Expeditionary Force in December 1917 and took part in the operations on the Tigris, while the 1/6th Battalion left India in February 1917 for a twelve-month tour of duty with the Aden Field Force.", "\n\nHostilities-only battalions\nThe 7th (Service) Battalion landed at Boulogne-sur-Mer as part of the 37th Brigade in the 12th (Eastern) Division in June 1915 for service on the Western Front. ", "The battalion fought at the battles of Loos, the Somme, Albert and Arras.", "\n\nThe 8th (Service) Battalion landed at Boulogne-sur-Mer as part of the 55th Brigade in the 18th (Eastern) Division in July 1915 also for service on the Western Front. ", "The battalion fought at the Battle of Loos and the Battle of the Somme. ", "One particular incident will always be remembered. ", "On the first day of the Battle of the Somme, 1 July 1916, B Company of the 8th Battalion went into the attack dribbling two footballs which the Company Commander, Captain Wilfred Nevill, had bought for his platoons to kick across No Man's Land. ", "Captain Nevill and many of his men were killed during the advance, but the 8th East Surreys were one of the few battalions to reach and hold their objective on this day. ", "The \"Football Attack\" caught the imagination of the country, and illustrations of it are shown in the Regimental Museum, which also contains one of the footballs used. ", "On that day, the 8th Battalion won two DSOs, two MCs, two DCMs and nine MMs, but 446 officers and men were killed or wounded.", "\n\nThe 9th (Service) Battalion landed at Boulogne-sur-Mer as part of the 72nd Brigade in the 24th Division in September 1915 also for service on the Western Front. ", "The battalion saw action at the Battle of the Somme. ", "The 12th (Service) Battalion (Bermondsey) landed at Le Havre as part of the 122nd Brigade in the 41st Division in May 1916 also for service on the Western Front. ", "The battalion saw action at the Battle of the Somme, the Battle of Messines and the Third Battle of Ypres. ", "The 13th (Service) Battalion (Wandsworth) landed at Le Havre as part of the 120th Brigade in the 40th Division in June 1916 also for service on the Western Front. ", "The battalion saw action at the Battle of the Somme, the Battle of Cambrai and the Battle of Arras.", "\n\n1919 to 1939\nBetween August and October 1919 the First Battalion were in the Murmansk area of North Russia to help cover the evacuation of the expedition sent to support the White Russian forces against the Bolsheviks. ", "On their return, they served in Ireland in 1920 during the troubles. ", "They were then abroad for the next 18 years, serving in Egypt, Hong Kong, the Sudan and India. ", "Returning to the Sudan in 1938, forty members of the battalion were employed as extras in the filming of The Four Feathers, set during the reconquest of the Sudan in 1898. ", "The 1st Battalion returned to England in February 1939.", "\n\nIn 1920, the 2nd Battalion served in Egypt and Turkey, then Ireland, returning to England in 1921. ", " Apart from a posting at Gibraltar, the 2nd Battalion remained at home until September 1938, when they moved to Shanghai.", "\n\nThe service and Territorial battalions were disbanded after the First World War but in 1920 the 5th and 6th Battalions of the East Surreys were re-formed. ", "In 1938 the 5th Battalion was converted to an Anti-Tank Regiment to form the 57th (East Surrey) Anti-Tank Regiment, Royal Artillery (TA), with headquarters at Wimbledon. ", " In 1939 a duplicate unit was formed as the 67th Anti-Tank Regiment, Royal Artillery (TA), with headquarters at Sutton.", "\n\nThe 6th Battalion comprised five companies based at drill halls with A Company at Chertsey, B and C at Park Road, Richmond, D at Orchard Road, Kingston and HQ at Surbiton. ", "By the summer of 1939 the 6th battalion, commanded by Lt Col M.D.Hicks since 1936, numbered over 1,200.", "\n\nSecond World War\n\nThe 1st Battalion\n\nThe 1st Battalion, East Surrey Regiment was a Regular Army unit based in England at the outbreak of World War II in September 1939. ", "The battalion was part of the 11th Infantry Brigade, which also included the 2nd Battalion, Lancashire Fusiliers and 1st Battalion, Ox and Bucks Light Infantry, and was attached to the 4th Infantry Division and was sent to France with the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) in October. ", "After returning to the United Kingdom after the Battle of Dunkirk and evacuation from Dunkirk in May–June 1940 the 1st Battalion was reformed and spent the next two years on home defence expecting a German invasion. ", "In June 1942 the battalion was reassigned, with the rest of the 11th Brigade, part of the newly raised 78th Battleaxe Infantry Division, with which it remained for the rest of the war. ", "It took part in Operation Torch in November 1942, landing in North Africa at Algiers with the British First Army. ", "Following this the battalion fought with the division in Tunisia until the end of the Tunisian Campaign in May 1943. ", "During this time it took part in notable actions such as Ochsenkopf offensive, Longstop Hill and Tebourba.", "\n\nAfter North Africa the British First Army was disbanded and 78th Division became part of the British Eighth Army. ", "The battalion then fought in Sicily during the invasion before moving to Italy for the Italian Campaign where it had notable involvement in the Battle of Termoli and the fighting on the Barbara Line and River Sangro during the autumn of 1943. ", "In February 1944 78th Division was switched to the Cassino sector. ", "The battalion initially held positions on the River Rapido south of Cassino but by March had been moved into bleak and exposed positions in the mountains north of the town. ", "In late April they were relieved and after a brief rest took part in the fourth and final battle of Monte Cassino in May 1944. ", "They were then involved in the pursuit after the Allied breakthrough. ", "They fought a hard engagement at Lake Trasimeno on the Trasimene Line in June 1944 before being withdrawn with the rest of the division in July to Egypt for rest and training.", "\n\nThe 1st East Surreys returned with 78th Division to Italy in September 1944 in time to take part in Operation Olive and the fighting in the Apennine Mountains during the winter of 1944 and occupying positions on Monte Spaduro when the front became static. ", "In February 1945 the battalion came out of the front line to prepare and train for the offensive planned for the spring. ", "By late March the whole division was in place on the banks of the Senio river ready for the start of the spring 1945 offensive which started on 6 April. ", "The battalion fought in the intense action at the Argenta Gap before advancing with the rest of the division to the north of the Gulf of Venice and crossing the Italian border to finish the war in Austria.", "\n\nThe 2nd Battalion\n\nIn September 1938 the 2nd Battalion was moved from Colchester to the British Concession of the International Settlement in Shanghai. ", "In August 1940 the Battalion was posted from China to Malaya where it was attached to 11th Indian Infantry Division based in North West Malaya. ", "In December 1941 the Japanese Army invaded Malaya after landing in southern Thailand. ", " The 2nd East Surreys suffered tremendous casualties during the defence and retreat from this part of Malaya. ", " The battalion was amalgamated with the 1st Battalion, Leicestershire Regiment (in 1946 re-titled Royal Leicestershire Regiment) to form the British Battalion (Malaya 1941) on 19 December 1941. ", "This unit fought gallantly throughout the rest of the short campaign until the surrender of the British Army at Singapore in February 1942.", "\n\nIn May 1942 the 2nd Battalion was reformed in the United Kingdom from the re-designation of the 11th Battalion, a hostilities-only battalion raised in 1940 that joined the 184th Infantry Brigade, 61st Division. ", "It did not see further action in World War II.", "\n\nTerritorial Battalions\n\nThe 6th Battalion, East Surrey Regiment was a Territorial Army (TA) unit until 1939, when each unit was ordered to form a 2nd Line duplicate. ", "It was therefore split in two with Kingston and Hersham companies and the Band used to form the 1/6th and the Chertsey and Richmond companies and the Drums to form the 2/6th. ", "Both were embodied on 24 August 1939 whilst at camp in Lympne and were fully mobilised and guarding vulnerable points at the outbreak of war on 3 September. ", "\n\nA further five other, hostilities-only, territorial battalions were formed in 1940: the 8th, 9th, 10th, the 50th (Holding) and the 70th (Young Soldiers) Battalions. ", "An army camp was established in Richmond Park to add capacity to the Regimental Depot at Kingston in its role as an Infantry Training Centre. ", "It operated there from early 1940 until August 1941 when the ITC transferred to Canterbury, a facility shared with the Buffs.", "\n\nThe 1/6th was initially commanded by Lt Col Hicks until he transferred out in December 1939 to be replaced by Lt Col F O Voisin. ", "A draft transferred in from the 1st Battalion whilst soldiers under 20 years of age were transferred out to the 2/6th. ", "After a period of intense training at Lyme Regis the Battalion of 28 officers and 643 other ranks embarked for France from Southampton on 5 April 1940 arriving at Cherbourg.", "\n\nThe 1/6th were deployed with the 132nd Infantry Brigade, part of the 44th (Home Counties) Infantry Division, becoming part of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF). ", "They billeted at Conlie then travelled by road, train and a long march to Bailleul on the Belgian border. ", "During the journey, Voisin was posted elsewhere and command was transferred to Lt Col, later Brigadier, C D Armstrong, formerly with the 1st Battalion.", "\nThe battalion was exchanged in 132nd Brigade for the 1st Battalion, Queen's Own Royal West Kent Regiment, making that brigade an all West Kent formation, and the 1/6th transferred to the 10th Infantry Brigade, 4th Infantry Division, as part of official BEF policy to integrate the Regular and Territorial Armies.", "\n\nBy 15 May the battalion were moved to positions on the River Dyle, coming under attack from the air on the way as they reached the River Senne to the north-east of Brussels. ", "When it became clear the line would not hold, 10 Brigade were ordered to withdraw behind the River Dendre. ", "By 19 May they were in position at Avelghem on the River Escaut defending and eventually overseeing the destruction of the bridge at Rugge and subsequently conducting patrols in the area until withdrawn, on 19 May, just north of the town. ", "On 21 May they relieved 2 DCLI and continued excursions at Rugge suffering many casualties and some fatalities. ", "Ordered to withdraw to Neuville-en-Ferrain, they marched overnight, re-entering France at Mouscron, taking up positions near the border early on 23 May. \n\nThree days of fighting in the Risquons-Tout area followed with the 1/6 suffering five of the fifteen related fatalities and many casualties. ", "Ordered to withdraw on 27 May, they marched and re-captured the village of Voormezele with further casualties. ", "The following evening they marched overnight towards Dunkirk. ", "After resting at Poperinghe they were transported to Furnes where they were quickly deployed to help defend the canal to the east of Nieuport. ", "Fighting over the next few days was fierce with the battalion also coming under fire from aircraft and an observation balloon. ", "On 31 May they were joined by the 1st Battalion and fought side by side into the night when 1/6 were ordered to withdraw. ", "They reached the beach at La Panne but on learning that no further boats would be landing there moved into Dunkirk. ", "Despite coming under fire again they mostly managed to remain together and were amongst the last to be evacuated. ", "\n\nArmstrong remained in command until April 1942 when he was posted to command the 70th (Young Soldiers) Battalion. ", "Lt Col H.A.B. Bruno took command in April 1942 and led the battalion in action in North Africa in March, but was killed in action during the attack on Djebel Djaffa in April. ", "He was succeeded by Lt Col R O V Thompson, who had served with the 1st and 2nd Battalions before the war, appointed from a posting in the RAF to command the 1/6th for the final phase of the Tunisian Campaign. ", "He subsequently led the battalion into action in Italy in the crossing of the River Rapido and the capture of Cassino. ", "He, too was killed in action when his Jeep was blown up by a mine near Tivoli on 7th June 1944. ", "Colonel C G S McAlester took command until February 1945. ", "For the final months of the war, until August 1945, the battalion was led by Lt Col A G H Culverhouse, who had previously served with the 1/6th and had been wounded at Dunkirk.", "\n \n\nThe 2/6th Battalion was formed in 1939 under the command of Lt. ", "Col. ", "H.S. Burgess.", "\nThe battalion was assigned to the 37th Infantry Brigade, alongside the 6th and 7th Royal Sussex, part of 12th (Eastern) Infantry Division. ", "All soldiers under 20 years of age in 37 Brigade were assigned to a composite company based at 'Courtlands', West Worthing where they were engaged in coastal defence. ", "The rest of the battalion were deployed as part of the BEF and a force of 23 Officers and 603 other ranks sailed from Southampton, arriving in and stationed at Le Havre from 22 April 1940. ", "Initially intended as a line of communications unit and expected to undertake further training they almost immediately became involved in the Battle of France and the defence of the Channel ports. ", "On 15 May they were re-assigned as motorised infantry, incorporated into Beauforce and sent north to join the rest of the BEF. ", "With their route blocked by the Battle of Abbeville, they were ordered to take up a defensive position west of the River Béthune between Saint-Aubin-le-Cauf and Arques-la-Bataille and undertake patrols as part of the support group for the 1st Armoured Division. ", "Here they were rejoined by D Company from detachment at Fécamp and remained until relieved by a battalion of Sherwood Foresters. ", "After a few days rest at Rouen, where Major D G Adams assumed command on 3 June, they were assigned to provide flank and rear-guard cover for the 51st (Highland) Infantry Division and ordered to hold a line east of the River Bresle between Forges-les-Eaux and Aumale, relieving the 4th Borders protecting anti-tank guns of the 1st Armoured Division. ", "Lightly armed and spread very thinly, they were over-run in places by the rapidly advancing 7th Panzer Division. ", "On 8 June they were ordered to withdraw north to the Eu Forest. ", "They then proceeded via the Eawy Forest, skirting Bellencombre which had fallen, reaching Beaunay on 10 June, Cailleville on 11th and into Saint-Valery-en-Caux joining with the 51st Highland Division defences and anticipated Operation Cycle evacuation. ", "Finally, surrounded and unable to escape, the division and supporting troops were forced to surrender to Rommel on 12 June 1940. ", "Fifteen officers and 251 other ranks of the 2/6th were taken prisoners of war including commanding officer Major D G Adams. ", "About 120 of the 2/6th were able to escape via the evacuations from nearby Veules-les-Roses and a small number, separated from the main battalion, escaped to the west via Saint Nazaire and other ports. ", "The captured troops were force-marched through France and Belgium to the Rhine in Holland, then taken by barge and rail to imprisonment in Poland at Stalag XX-A, XX-B and XX1-D. After St. Valery, the remainder of the battalion reassembled at Haltwhistle, Northumberland, where they were re-joined by the young contingent from 'Courtlands'. ", "The battalion was reformed under Norman Brading at Swaffham, Norfolk, but did not see further active service, spending the remainder of the war principally as a defence and training battalion. ", "During the Battle of Britain they were deployed to home defence duties including airfield defence in Norfolk and, after winter in Bedford, coastal defence at Kessingland as part of the 11th Division. ", "Winter 1941 was spent at Henley-on-Thames after which they returned to Norfolk, this time at Thetford in June 1942. ", "They moved to Durham in August, remaining there for seven months during which time Brading accepted a posting to be replaced briefly by W. M. Knatchbull until succeeded by D.C. Campbell-Miles MBE in September. ", "In March 1943 they moved to Malton, North Yorkshire followed by Uckfield from 4 July where P.H. Macklin took command. ", "In early October they returned to Norfolk, this time to Hunstanton where they participated in Exercise Sugar Beet, helping with the sugar beet harvest. ", "In January 1944 they moved back to Durham for three weeks and then to Felton, Northumberland where it became clear that the Battalion would not see action in the Invasion of France as 270 men were transferred out to units of 21 Army Group in April. ", "Instead the battalion was sent to East Hornsey to organise and man a marshalling sub-area until July. ", "It then moved to Lowestoft under command of D.C. Coates and was dedicated as a training battalion, taking drafts of new recruits, putting them through basic training prior to being sent to Europe as reinforcements. ", "Still in this role, the battalion moved again to Shorncliffe at the end of September 1944 and Whittlesford 15 November 1944. ", "J.G.M.G Gough took command in January 1945 and was succeeded by R.W.M. Wetherell in September 1945. ", "The battalion was placed in 'suspended animation' on 28 July 1946.", "\n\nHostilities-only battalions\nUnlike the first World War, the hostilities-only battalions raised during World War II were all territorials and deployed on home defence duties.", "\nThe 8th Battalion was raised at Rochester, Kent in March 1940 and, after moving to nearby Aylesford in August, transferred its young soldiers out to form the 70th in October 1940. ", "On 27 August the following year the 8th merged with and was absorbed by the similarly affected 8th Royal West Kent Regiment and ceased to exist as a separate entity. ", "The 70th, comprising six companies, spent the winter of 1940-41 on airfield guard duties based at Gravesend, at Capel Beare Green the following summer and Byfleet from October 1941 to July 1942. ", "They then went to a camp at Charlton but the battalion, along with sixteen other Young Soldiers Battalions, was disbanded by the end of August 1942. ", " \n\nThe 9th Battalion was formed at Romford in May 1940 guarding vulnerable points until July when, as part of Brocforce, it guarded a stretch of coast at Climping until October. ", "It was then sent to Northern Ireland, initially guarding the naval base at Londonderry and new bomber airfield at Limavady. ", "It finally moved to Belfast in early February 1943 where it remained until disbanded in June 1943. ", "\n\nThe 10th Battalion was formed at Kingston on 4 July 1940 comprising seven officers and about 150 men. ", "In a few days it moved to a camp at Ilfracombe where its numbers were increased by about 800 new recruits all immediately engaged on guard duties. ", "The 10th remained in Devon, in and around Plymouth until moving to Helston, Cornwall, in June 1941 and Tiverton, Devon in July. ", "Here they were able to train with 48th Division until returning to coastal defence at Crownhill, Devonport from August 1941 until undertaking more divisional training at Whitchurch Down, Devon, in June 1942 before returning to Crownhill. ", "They moved to Dovercourt, Essex in January 1943 joining 45th Division for three weeks before being deployed to Cookstown and Portglenone in Northern Ireland until returning to England at the end of the year at Hassocks, West Sussex. ", "During this period many men were transferred out for service in the Middle East and in 21st Army Group. ", "The 10th's final task was to prepare and run a camp marshalling sub-area in Hambledon, Hampshire, for Operation Overlord until disbanded in August 1944.", "\n\nThe 50th (Holding) Battalion was formed in early June 1940 at Dover with about 400 NCOs and men from the ITC at Kingston from which, almost immediately, 300 were transferred to the 1st Battalion to be replaced by about 600 new recruits. ", "Their principal activity was building and manning coastal defences during which time they faced bombardment by guns from across the Channel and by air. ", "In July the 50th moved to Dorking, ceased to be a Holding Battalion and was renumbered as the 11th Battalion. ", "After providing mobile aerodrome defences in September, they joined 219th Independent Infantry Brigade in November and returned to Dover in February 1941. ", "In May 1942 the 11th was chosen to replace the 2nd Battalion, lost at the fall of Singapore, the formal ceremony taking place on 16 June 1942.", "\n\nHome Guard\nFrom the formation of the Local Defence Volunteer (Home Guard) on 14 May 1940 until stood down on 6 September 1944 over 55,000 men served in twelve Surrey and four County of London battalions associated with the East Surrey Regiment, suffering a total of 538 casualties and few fatalities.", "\n\nPost 1945 and amalgamation\nAt the end of 1945 the 2nd Battalion moved from England to Egypt, before moving to Palestine where it helped counter the Jewish insurgency in Mandatory Palestine. ", "After the British evacuation of Palestine, the 2nd battalion saw garrison duty in the Suez Canal Zone, before a final posting to Greece where in 1948 it was disbanded, its personnel joining the 1st Battalion.", "\n\nIn January 1946, the 1st Battalion moved from Austria to Greece, it combatting Communist guerrillas in Salonica. ", "After amalgamation with the 2nd Battalion, it moved to Somaliland in 1949, before returning to England in 1950. ", "In 1951 the Battalion moved to Libya, then Egypt to aid policing duties to protect the Canal Zone until October 1954. ", "After a tour of Duty in the BAOR in Germany between 1955 and 1958, and a three-month posting to Nicosia on internal security operations during the Cyprus Emergency, the 1st Battalion returned to England in December 1958. ", "Here, in October 1959, the East Surrey Regiment was amalgamated with Queen's Royal Regiment (West Surrey) to form The Queen's Royal Surrey Regiment.", "\n\nRegimental museum\nThe Surrey Infantry Museum was based at Clandon Park House, near Guildford until it was destroyed in a fire in April 2015.", "\n\nBattle honours\nThe regiment's battle honours are as follows:\n\n From 31st Regiment of Foot: Talavera, Albuhera, Vittoria, Pyrenees, Nivelle, Nive, Orthes, Peninsula, Cabool 1842, Moodkee, Ferozeshah, Aliwal, Sobraon, Sevastopol, Taku Forts, Gibraltar 1704-05 (awarded 1909), Dettingen (awarded 1882)\n From 70th Regiment of Foot: Guadeloupe 1810, New Zealand, Afghanistan 1878-79, Martinique 1794 (awarded 1909)\n Suakin 1885, Relief of Ladysmith, South Africa 1899-1902\n The Great War (18 battalions): Mons, Le Cateau, Retreat from Mons, Marne 1914, Aisne 1914, La Bassée 1914, Armentières 1914, Hill 60, Ypres 1915 '17 '18, Gravenstafel, St. Julien, Frezenberg, Bellewaarde, Loos, Somme 1916 '18, Albert 1916 '18, Bazentin, Delville Wood, Pozières, Guillemont, Flers-Courcelette, Morval, Thiepval, Le Transloy, Ancre Heights, Ancre 1916, Arras 1917 '18, Vimy 1917, Scarpe 1917, Messines 1917, Pilckem, Langemarck 1917, Menin Road, Polygon Wood, Broodseinde, Poelcappelle, Passchendaele, Cambrai 1917 '18, St. Quentin, Bapaume 1918, Rosières, Avre, Lys, Estaires, Hazebrouck, Amiens, Hindenburg Line, Épéhy, Canal du Nord, St. Quentin Canal, Courtrai, Selle, Sambre, France and Flanders 1914-18, Italy 1917-18, Struma, Doiran 1918, Macedonia 1915-18, Egypt 1915, Aden, Mesopotamia 1917-18, Murman 1919\n The Second World War: Defence of Escaut, Dunkirk 1940, North-West Europe 1940, Tebourba, Fort McGregor, Oued Zarga, Djebel Ang, Djebel Djaffa Pass, Medjez Plain, Longstop Hill 1943, Tunis, Montarnaud, North Africa 1942-43, Adrano, Centuripe, Sicily 1943, Trigno, Sangro, Cassino4, Capture of Forli, Argenta Gap, Italy 1943-45, Greece 1944-45, Kampar, Malaya 1941-42\n\nVictoria Crosses\n Private (later Sergeant) Albert Edward Curtis, Second Boer War\n Lieutenant (later Brigadier) George Rowland Patrick Roupell, Great War\n Second Lieutenant (later Major) Benjamin Handley Geary, Great War\n Private (later Corporal) Edward Dwyer, Great War \n Second Lieutenant (later Captain) Arthur James Terence Fleming-Sandes, Great War\n Corporal Edward Foster, Great War\n Sergeant (later Captain) Harry Cator, Great War\n Corporal John McNamara, Great War\n Lieutenant (later Lieutenant Colonel) Eric Charles Twelves Wilson, World War II\n\nRegimental Colonels\nColonels of the regiment were:\n1881–1898 (1st Battalion): Gen. Sir Edward Lugard, GCB (ex 31st Foot)\n1881 (2nd Battalion): Gen. Thomas James Galloway (ex 70th Foot. ", "Died NZ, 1881)\n188? (", "2nd Battalion): Gen. Sir Richard Chambre Hayes Taylor, GCB \n1898–1920: Gen. Sir George Richards Greaves, GCB, KCMG\n1920–1939: Maj-Gen. Sir John Raynsford Longley, KCMG, CB\n1939–1946: Gen. Sir Richard Foster Carter Foster, KCB, CMG, DSO\n1946–1954: Lt-Gen. Sir Arthur Arnhold Bullick Dowler, KCB, KBE\n1954–1959: Brig. ", "George Rowland Patrick Roupell, VC, CB \n1959: Regiment amalgamated with The Queen's Royal Regiment (West Surrey), to form The Queen's Royal Surrey Regiment\n\nReferences\n\nSources\n\nExternal links \n\n Princess of Wales's Royal Regiment website (archived): East Surrey Regiment history\n Queen's Royal Surrey Regiment website: East Surrey Regiment history\n National Army Museum: East Surrey Regiment history\n\nEast Surrey\nCategory:Military units and formations established in 1881\nCategory:Military units and formations in Surrey\nCategory:Regiments of the British Army in World War II\nCategory:Regiments of the British Army in World War I\nCategory:Military units and formations disestablished in 1959\nCategory:1881 establishments in the United Kingdom\nR\nCategory:History of the Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }

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[ "Frank Comstock\n\nFrank G. Comstock (September 20, 1922 – May 21, 2013) was an American composer, arranger, conductor and trombonist. ", "For television, Comstock wrote and arranged music for major situation comedies and variety shows; his theme and incidental music for Rocky and His Friends (1959–1964) are probably his best-remembered works. ", "Additionally, his music for Adam-12 earned him a 1971 Emmy nomination.", "\n\nComstock's recording credits include eight Hi-Lo's albums and backing arrangements for major recording stars. ", "His 1962 instrumental album, Project: Comstock - Music from Outer Space became a classic and was released on CD in 2004. ", "Recently, Comstock wrote new big-band arrangements for Brian Setzer's Wolfgang's Big Night Out (2007) and Songs from Lonely Avenue (2009) CDs.", "\n\nHe started his arranging career in the dance bands of Sonny Dunham and Benny Carter, and with Les Brown from 1943 to 1955. ", "When dance bands fell out of favor after World War II, Comstock and Doris Day left the Les Brown band. ", "Comstock's backing arrangements for Doris Day's Warner Brothers screen tests impressed studio executives and resulted in a staff arranger position at Warner where he demonstrated his ability to write for large studio orchestras.", "\n\nHe died in 2013.", "\n\nTraining and early years\nComstock had no formal training other than a few trombone lessons, and his junior high school music teacher helped him write his first arrangements for the school dance band. ", "While still in high school, Comstock sold arrangements to local San Diego dance bands. ", "After graduation, Comstock's high school friend, the late trumpeter Uan Rasey, landed a job touring with Sonny Dunham's nationally known dance band. ", "Dunham hired Comstock on Uan's recommendation. ", "When Sonny Dunham's band folded, Dunham's manager recommended Comstock to Benny Carter. ", "Carter, a musician and arranger himself, soon delegated arrangement-related chores to Comstock.", "\n\nThe Les Brown years\nIn 1943, Comstock's reputation led to an arranger position with Les Brown and His Band of Renown, which critics claimed was one of the key causes of the band's success. ", "Comstock formally left the Brown band in 1947, but he continued to arrange for Les Brown until Brown's death in 2001.", "\n\nDoris Day and Frank Comstock began a lifelong friendship while working together in Les Brown's band. ", "Day spoke about Comstock in John Tumpak's book When Swing Was the Thing: Personality Profiles of the Big Band Era:\n\nDay left Brown's band in 1946 to pursue a radio and recording career. ", "A few months after settling in Hollywood, Day told Comstock of the rich opportunities in radio, movies, and television. ", "Comstock soon left the Les Brown band to provide arrangements for Doris' first radio gigs: Your Hit Parade and The Rudy Vallee Show. ", "Comstock's arrangements for Doris Day's Warner Brothers screen tests led to a staff arranger/orchestrator position at Warners.", "\n\nThe Warner Brothers years\nAfter joining the Warner Brothers staff in 1947 as a freelance arranger/orchestrator/conductor, Comstock quickly adapted his dance band experience to large orchestras. ", "At first, he arranged individual dance numbers for musicals, but he soon began orchestrating and conducting music for major movies. ", "At the peak of his movie career, Comstock had a major role in orchestrating the music for Calamity Jane, The Music Man, Finian's Rainbow, and other major Warner Brothers hits.", "\n\nUnlike today's independently produced movies where on-screen credits are given to any and all participants, the sparse credits of \"big-studio\" films of the post-war period were usually limited to famous actors, music composers and studio executives. ", "Even so, Comstock's work for Warner Brothers was notable enough to garner credits for many of his movies.", "\n\nGus Levine and Frank Comstock shared the orchestration work for The Music Man, Finian's Rainbow, and other major films. ", "Early in the production of Finian's Rainbow, Levine took ill, leaving Comstock to orchestrate all but a few minor scenes. ", "Even though Finian's Rainbow was nominated for a best-music Oscar, Comstock received no credit for his work.", "\n\nThe table below lists the movies that Comstock helped to arrange, orchestrate and/or conduct:\n\nDisney Theme Parks and animated features\nWorking as a freelance arranger for Disney Theme Park Music Director James Christensen, Comstock arranged some of the music heard to this day at Disney Theme Parks.", "\n\nComstock's work as arranger and orchestrator for Disney is listed below:\n The Disneyland Main Street Electrical Parade\n Tokyo Disneyland opening music\n Walt Disney World Family Concerts\n Disney Street Band - Medleys of Disney film music (all Disney parks)\n Christmas parades (all Disney parks)\n Walt Disney World Candlelight Services\n\nComstock's work for Disney also included several television specials and a new score for the Toot, Whistle, Plunk & Boom animated short.", "\n\nFor MPA Productions, Comstock scored four \"Mr. Magoo\" animated theatrical shorts, including Magoo Express.", "\n\nTelevision\nThe main theme and incidental music for Rocky and His Friends are Comstock's best-remembered compositions, but he also wrote compositions for many of the situation comedy and drama hits of the 1970s and 1980s. ", "Comstock received a 1971 Emmy nomination for his Adam-12 TV score Elegy for a Pig.", "\n\nComstock's credits for television series as composer/conductor are listed below:\n Rocky and His Friends\n Adam-12 (all 112 episodes)\n Dragnet (1967, 4 seasons)\n Happy Days (4 seasons)\n Laverne and Shirley (4 seasons)\n Blansky's Beauties\n Ensign O'Toole\n McHale's Navy\n F-Troop\n Pete Kelly's Blues\n The D.A.'s Man\n Temple Houston\n The Lucy-Desi Comedy Hour\n\nComstock's arranging credits for television variety shows are listed below:\n The Bob Hope Show with Les Brown and His Band of Renown (15 years)\n The Steve Allen Show (2 years)\n The Judy Garland Show\n The Andy Williams Show\n The Carol Burnett Show\n The Jimmie Rodgers Show (Music Director)\n The Donald O'Connor and Mitzi Gaynor Special\n\nRecordings\nAlmost all of Comstock's recordings were originally released on vinyl LPs and singles. ", "Most of them have been reissued on CD and can also be heard on music streaming services.", "\n\nDance band recordings\nOwing to the Musicians Union recording ban of the period, only a handful of Comstock's Benny Carter and Stan Kenton arrangements were commercially recorded.", "\n\nLes Brown and His Band of Renown recorded a large number of Comstock's arrangements throughout Les Brown's 50-year career. ", "Comstock's arrangements comprise 17 of the 25 tracks on the Les Brown retrospective CD Best of the Capitol Years.", "\n \"On The Alamo\"\n \"Perfidia\"\n \"Moonlight In Vermont\"\n \"Midnight Sun\"\n \"Lover\"\n \"Harlem Nocturne\"\n \"Tangerine\"\n \"Ridin' High\"\n \"Nina Never Knew\"\n \"Swingin' Down the Lane\"\n \"This Nearly Was Mine\"\n \"Invitation\"\n \"The Sweetheart of Sigma Chi\"\n \"Frenesi\"\n \"Just You, Just Me\"\n \"Leap Frog\"\n \"Goodnight Sweetheart\"\n\nOrchestral recordings\nComstock's 1962 instrumental LP, Project Comstock: Music from Outer Space, has evolved into an exotica classic and was re-released on CD in 2004. ", "Project Comstock features arrangements of standards and original Comstock compositions augmented with seldom-heard pre-synthesizer electronic instruments. ", "Comstock's two Columbia instrumental albums - A Young Man's Fancy (Columbia 1021, 1954) and Patterns (Columbia 8003, 1955) - have also been reissued on CD.", "\n\nMost of the music on the Finian's Rainbow soundtrack CD was arranged by Comstock as was the March of the Cards track on the Cincinnati Pops CD A Disney Spectacular. ", "His original composition The Jade Express and his arrangement of Joanna are featured on Lionel Newman's Exciting Hong Kong LP (available on streaming and music download websites).", "\n\nWith the Hi-Lo's \n\nComstock arranged and conducted the first eight Hi-Lo's albums. ", "The first four albums were released by Starlite Records, and have been compiled on a 2-CD re-release.", "\n Listen to the Hi-Lo's\n The Hi-Lo's On Hand\n The Hi-Lo's I Presume\n The Hi-Lo's Under Glass\n\nThe remainder of Comstock's Hi-Lo's albums were released by Columbia Records.", "\n Suddenly It's The Hi-Lo's\n Now Hear This\n Ring Around Rosie - The Hi-Lo's with Rosemary Clooney\n Love Nest\n\nBacking arrangements for vocalists\nComstock arranged and conducted Frankie Laine's Torchin and You Are My Love LPs (re-released on CD), many of Doris Day's backing arrangements on various releases, Rhonda Fleming's Rhonda LP (re-released on CD as Rhonda Fleming Sings Just for You), and Alan Copeland's No Sad Songs for Me LP. ", "Comstock's arrangements also backed recordings and stage performances by Andy Williams, Rosemary Clooney, June Hutton, Herb Jeffries, Margaret Whiting, Connie Haines, Jo Ann Greer, Bob Hope, Steve Lawrence, The Norman Luboff Choir, The Ames Brothers, and other performers.", "\n\nFor their solo instrumental albums, the Comstock orchestra backed celeste-player Herm Saunders on his That Celestial Feeling LP and provided arrangements for Ted and Dick Nash for their Star Eyes - The Artistry of Ted Nash and The Brothers Nash LPs.", "\n\nThree examples of Comstock's orchestral arrangements from movie soundtrack albums are Barbra Streisand's (Just Leave Everything to Me from Hello Dolly!), ", "Doris Day's (A Woman's Touch from Calamity Jane), and Marilyn Monroe's (Running Wild from Some Like It Hot).", "\n\nThe Brian Setzer Orchestra \nIn 2007, Brian Setzer \"rediscovered\" Frank Comstock and commissioned new arrangements for his Wolfgang's Big Night Out and Songs from Lonely Avenue CDs.", "\n\nSee also \n List of music arrangers\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Forrest Patten, Journal Into Melody, June 2002 pp.", " 17–26\n \n Classic Television Themes of the 1950s\n\nCategory:1922 births\nCategory:2013 deaths\nCategory:American music arrangers\nCategory:American television composers\nCategory:American conductors (music)\nCategory:American male conductors (music)\nCategory:American trombonists\nCategory:Male trombonists" ]

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[ "2019 Girls' Youth Pan-American Volleyball Cup squads\n\nThis article shows all participating team squads of the eight participating countries at the 2019 Girls' Youth Pan-American Volleyball Cup which was held in Mexico.", "\n\nThe following is the Chilean roster in the 2019 Girls' Youth Pan-American Volleyball Cup.", "\n\nHead Coach: Eduardo Guillaume\n\nThe following is the Cuban roster in the 2019 Girls' Youth Pan-American Volleyball Cup.", "\n\nHead Coach: Jaime Luis Echevarria\n\nThe following is the Guatemalan roster in the 2019 Girls' Youth Pan-American Volleyball Cup.", "\n\nHead Coach: William Fernandez\n\nThe following is the Dominican roster in the 2019 Girls' Youth Pan-American Volleyball Cup.", "\n\nHead Coach: Alexandre Ceccato\n\nThe following is the Honduran roster in the 2019 Girls' Youth Pan-American Volleyball Cup.", "\n\nHead Coach: Catarine Leiva Arriola\n\nThe following is the Mexican roster in the 2019 Girls' Youth Pan-American Volleyball Cup.", "\n\nHead Coach: Ricardo Naranjo Ponce\n\nThe following is the Peruvian roster in the 2019 Girls' Youth Pan-American Volleyball Cup.", "\n\nHead Coach: Natalia Malaga Dibos\n\nThe following is the Puerto Rican roster in the 2019 Girls' Youth Pan-American Volleyball Cup.", "\n\nHead Coach: Juan Rodriguez\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nOfficial website\n\nCategory:Women's Pan-American Volleyball Cup\nPan American Volleyball Cup\nGirls Youth Pan American Volleyball Cup\nVolleyball" ]

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[ "9,10-Phenanthrenequinone promotes secretion of pulmonary aldo-keto reductases with surfactant.", "\n9,10-Phenanthrenequinone (9,10-PQ), a major quinone in diesel exhaust particles, induces apoptosis via the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) because of 9,10-PQ redox cycling. ", "We have found that intratracheal infusion of 9,10-PQ facilitates the secretion of surfactant into rat alveolus. ", "In the cultured rat lung, treatment with 9,10-PQ results in an increase in a lower-density surfactant by ROS generation through redox cycling of the quinone. ", "The surfactant contains aldo-keto reductase (AKR) 1C15, which reduces 9,10-PQ and the enzyme level in the surfactant increases on treatment with 9,10-PQ suggesting an involvement of AKR1C15 in the redox cycling of the quinone. ", "In six human cell types (A549, MKN45, Caco2, Hela, Molt4 and U937) only type II epithelial A549 cells secrete three human AKR1C subfamily members (AKR1C1, AKR1C2 and AKR1C3) with the surfactant into the medium; this secretion is highly increased by 9,10-PQ treatment. ", "Using in vitro enzyme inhibition analysis, we have identified AKR1C3 as the most abundantly secreted AKR1C member. ", "The AKR1C enzymes in the medium efficiently reduce 9,10-PQ and initiate its redox cycling accompanied by ROS production. ", "The exposure of A549 cells to 9,10-PQ provokes viability loss, which is significantly protected by the addition of the AKR1C3 inhibitor and antioxidant enzyme and by the removal of the surfactants from the culture medium. ", "Thus, the AKR1C enzymes secreted in pulmonary surfactants probably participate in the toxic mechanism triggered by 9,10-PQ." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

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[ "Until then: I auto tweet my Flickr shots, the tags attached to my Flickr shots feed through to the tweet no problem, but, don’t have a # on them. ", "Flickr even auto filters # out if I put them in directly.", "\n\nCan you have a tick option to auto hashtag things like that? ", "Is that possible? ", "It would be super helpfull." ]

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[ "Expression profiling to understand actions of NMDA/glutamate receptor antagonists in rat brain.", "\nAgents acting as noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)/glutamate receptor antagonists induce the expression of several genes in limbic cortical regions, such as the cingulate, retrosplenial, and entorhinal cortices. ", "These include important regulatory genes such as the neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its receptor trkB, and c-fos. ", "We applied expression profiling methods to find genes coregulated with BDNF following treatment with the prototypical NMDA/glutamate receptor antagonist MK-801. ", "Expression profiling provides a useful technique for describing the molecular and transcriptional level events that follow various processes. ", "We illustrate the utility of microarrays to find novel ESTs regulated by MK-801. ", "We also used expression profiling with microarrays to characterize the levels of transcription factor cAMP response element modulator (CREM) and inducible cAMP early repressor (ICER) isoforms that are induced by MK-801. ", "These factors may act as the eventual repressors for BDNF expression via competition and heterodimerization with phosphorylated CREB, a transcription factor important for BDNF expression. ", "Finally, we find and confirm the regulation of Erp29, RTNI, and an ABC transporter by antagonism of NMDA/glutamate receptors as potential stress related molecules in brain. ", "The emerging picture generated by using these expression profiling approaches, identifies several of what likely will be many molecules that take part in the complex events that occur during BDNF signaling mediated by blockade of NMDA/ glutamate receptors." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

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[ "Reduced sensitivity to sucrose in rats bred for helplessness: a study using the matching law.", "\nAnhedonia is a core symptom of depression. ", "As it cannot be directly assessed in rodents, anhedonia is usually inferred from a reduced consumption of, or preference for, a reinforcer. ", "In the present study we tried to improve the measurement of anhedonia by performing a detailed preference analysis based on the generalized matching law and tested its sensitivity in rats congenitally prone (cLH) or resistant (cNLH) to learned helplessness. ", "According to the current interpretation of learned helplessness as a model for depression, a reduction in the rewarding properties of sucrose in cLH rats was hypothesized. ", "Our results revealed that the 'preference allocation' index provided by this test, but not the traditional measures of sucrose consumption or preference over water, was significantly lower in cLH rats, and was correlated with the helpless behaviour as measured in an escape procedure. ", "Therefore, it is clear that more subtle preference measures provided by the analysis of choice using the matching law principles are more sensitive and discriminative than those based on consumption of, or preference for, a single concentration of sucrose over water. ", "Moreover, our data are in agreement with the proposed relationship between helplessness and sucrose preference, and support the usefulness of the cLH and cNLH rats as a model of depression." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

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[ "[Cite as Holbrook v. Benson, 2013-Ohio-5307.]", "\n\n\n holbrookCOURT OF APPEALS\n STARK COUNTY, OHIO\n FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT\n\n\nBRYON HOLBROOK : JUDGES:\n :\n : Hon. ", "Sheila G. Farmer, P.J.\n Plaintiff - Appellant : Hon. ", "John W. Wise, J.\n : Hon. ", "Craig R. Baldwin, J.\n :\n-vs- :\n :\nMARILYN BENSON : Case No. ", "2013CA00045\n :\n :\n Defendant - Appellee : OPINION\n\n\n\nCHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Appeal from the Stark County Court\n of Common Pleas, Case No.", "\n 2012CV03394\n\n\n\nJUDGMENT: Reversed and Remanded\n\n\n\nDATE OF JUDGMENT: December 2, 2013\n\n\n\nAPPEARANCES:\n\nFor Plaintiff-Appellant For Defendant-Appellee\n\nSANDRA K. CHESHIRE WILLIAM DEMSKY\nCheshire Law Office 54 Federal Avenue, NE\n931 North Main Street Massillon, OH 44646\nSuite 102\nNorth Canton, OH 44720 LARRY SLAGLE\n 2859 Aaronwood Avenue, NE\n Massillon, OH 44646\n\fStark County, Case No. ", "2013CA00045 2\n\n\n\n\nBaldwin, J.\n\n {¶1} Appellant Bryon Holbrook appeals a judgment of the Stark County\n\nCommon Pleas Court disqualifying his attorney, Michela Huth, from representing him in\n\nthe instant case. ", "Appellee is Marilyn Benson.", "\n\n STATEMENT OF FACTS AND CASE\n\n {¶2} Appellant and appellee entered into an oral lease regarding property in\n\nNavarre, Ohio, in July of 2011. ", "Appellant filed the instant action on October 30, 2012,\n\nalleging that he had made improvements to the house and was entitled to\n\nreimbursement or credit for rent. ", " Appellee counterclaimed seeking unpaid rent of\n\n$600.00 per month from August 1, 2011.", "\n\n {¶3} Attorney Michela Huth filed a motion to appear pro hac vice as co-counsel\n\nfor appellant on October 30, 2012. ", "The motion was granted on November 1, 2012.", "\n\n {¶4} The parties appeared before the court for a hearing on February 19, 2013.", "\n\nAt that hearing, it became apparent that Attorney Huth was involved in a romantic\n\nrelationship with appellant and was living with him in the house that was the subject of\n\nthe case. ", "At the hearing, counsel for appellee informed the court that Huth will be a\n\nmaterial witness in the case because she is living in the home. ", "Huth acknowledged that\n\nappellant was her boyfriend and that she was living in the home, but represented that\n\nshe had not witnessed any of the repairs that were the subject of the complaint or the\n\ncounterclaim.", "\n\n {¶5} The trial court disqualified Huth from representing appellant. ", "The court\n\nruled in pertinent part:\n\fStark County, Case No. ", "2013CA00045 3\n\n\n {¶6} “Since the main issue in this case is the extent of the repairs made to the\n\nhome before and after Plaintiff moved in, it is obvious that Plaintiff’s counsel, [Michela\n\nHuth] may be a material witness to the case. ", "Equally important is the fact that Attorney\n\n[Huth] is in a romantic relationship with Plaintiff, who will undoubtedly be the main\n\nwitness in the case. ", "The fact that Attorney [Huth] is both living with the Plaintiff and\n\noccupying the premises of the dispute leaves Plaintiff in a vulnerable position, especially\n\nif the relationship doesn’t last. ", "In addition, Attorney [Huth’s] judgment may be impaired\n\nby the depth and quality of the relationship, a situation which could be detrimental to\n\nPlaintiff.” ", "Judgment Entry, March 1, 2013, as corrected by nunc pro tunc judgment of\n\nMarch 5, 2013.", "\n\n {¶7} Appellant assigns a single error on appeal:\n\n {¶8} “THE TRIAL COURT COMMITTED REVERSIBLE ERROR AND ABUSED\n\nITS DISCRETION WHEN IT DISQUALIFIED PLAINTIFF-APPELLANT BRYON\n\nHOLBROOK’S TRIAL COUNSEL (MICHELA HUTH).”", "\n\n {¶9} An order disqualifying a civil trial counsel is a final order that is\n\nimmediately appealable pursuant to R.C. 2505.02. ", "See Kale v. Aluminum Smelting &\n\nRefining Co., Inc., 81 Ohio St.3d 1, 688 N.E.2d 258 (1998). ", "We review the trial court's\n\ndecision on a motion to disqualify for an abuse of discretion. ", "155 North High Ltd. v.\n\nCincinnati Ins. ", "Co., 72 Ohio St.3d 423, 650 N.E.2d 869 (1995), syllabus. ", "In order to find\n\nan abuse of discretion, we must determine the trial court's decision was unreasonable,\n\narbitrary, or unconscionable and not merely an error of law or judgment. ", "Blakemore v.\n\nBlakemore, 5 Ohio St.3d 217, 450 N.E.2d 1140 (1983).", "\n\fStark County, Case No. ", "2013CA00045 4\n\n\n {¶10} Trial courts have the “inherent power to disqualify an attorney from acting\n\nas counsel in a case when the attorney cannot or will not comply with the Code of\n\nProfessional Responsibility and when such action is necessary to protect the dignity and\n\nauthority of the court.” ", "Horen v. City of Toledo Public School Dist., ", "174 Ohio App.3d\n\n317, 2007–Ohio–6883, 882 N.E.2d 14, ¶ 21 (6th Dist.). “", "However, because of the\n\npotential use of the advocate-witness rule for abuse, disqualification ‘is a drastic\n\nmeasure which should not be imposed unless absolutely necessary.’ ” ", "Waliszewski v.\n\nCaravona Builders, Inc., 127 Ohio App.3d 429, 433, 713 N.E.2d 65 (9th Dist.1998),\n\nquoting Spivey v. Bender, 77 Ohio App.3d 17, 22, 601 N.E.2d 56 (6th Dist.1991). ", "See,\n\nalso, A.B.B. Sanitec West, Inc. v. Weinsten, 8th Dist. ", "Cuyahoga No. ", "88258, 2007–\n\nOhio–2116, ¶ 12 (applying the current Rules of Professional Conduct). ", "It is therefore\n\nimportant for the trial court to follow the proper procedures in determining whether\n\ndisqualification is necessary. ", "Brown v. Spectrum Networks, Inc., 180 Ohio App.3d 99,\n\n2008–Ohio–6687, 904 N.E.2d 576, ¶ 11 (1st Dist.) ", "citing Kala v. Aluminum Smelting &\n\nRefining Co., Inc., 81 Ohio St.3d 1, 6, 688 N.E.2d 258 (1998).", "\n\n {¶11} Under Prof.Cond.", "R. 3.7, “[a] lawyer shall not act as an advocate at a trial\n\nin which the lawyer is likely to be a necessary witness * * *.” ", "The rule lists three\n\nexceptions to disqualification: (1) the testimony relates to an uncontested issue; (2) the\n\ntestimony relates to the nature and value of the legal services rendered in the case; (3)\n\nthe disqualification of the lawyer would work substantial hardship on the client.", "\n\n {¶12} Prof.Cond.", "R. 3.7 replaced the former disciplinary rules DR 5–101(B) and\n\nDR 5–102(A) and (B), under the former Code of Professional Responsibility. ", "Under the\n\nprior rules, the Ohio Supreme Court set forth the procedure for the trial court to follow in\n\fStark County, Case No. ", "2013CA00045 5\n\ndeciding whether a lawyer can serve as both an advocate and a witness. ", "Brown, at ¶ 13\n\nciting Mentor Lagoons, Inc. v. Rubin, 31 Ohio St.3d 256, 510 N.E.2d 379 (1987). ", "The\n\ncourt first had to determine the admissibility of the attorney's testimony. ", "If the trial court\n\nfound the testimony admissible, the court then had to consider whether any exceptions\n\nto the disciplinary rules were applicable. ", "Id., citing Mentor Lagoons, supra at paragraph\n\ntwo of the syllabus. ", "If no exceptions applied, the attorney was disqualified from\n\nrepresenting his or her client. ", "The burden of proving that disqualification was necessary\n\nrested on the moving party and the burden of proving one of the exceptions applied was\n\non the attorney seeking to claim the exception. ", "Id., citing Waliszewki, supra; 155 N.\n\nHigh Ltd. v. Cincinnati Ins. ", "Co., 72 Ohio St.3d 423, 650 N.E.2d 869 (1995), at syllabus.", "\n\n {¶13} Under Prof.Cond.", "R. 3.7, a lawyer may be disqualified from representing\n\nhis or her client only when it is likely the lawyer will be a “necessary” witness. ", "A\n\nnecessary witness under Prof.Cond.", "R. 3.7 is one whose testimony must be admissible\n\nand unobtainable through other trial witnesses. ", "Popa Land Co., Ltd v. Fragnoli, 9th Dist.", "\n\nMedina No. ", "08CA0062–M, 2009–Ohio–1299, ¶ 15. “", "Testimony may be relevant and\n\neven highly useful but still not strictly necessary. ", "A finding of necessity takes into\n\naccount such factors as the significance of the matters, weight of the testimony and\n\navailability of other evidence. * * * ", "A party's mere declaration of an intention to call\n\nopposing counsel as a witness is an insufficient basis for disqualification even if that\n\ncounsel could give relevant testimony.” ", "Akron v. Carter, 190 Ohio App.3d 420, 2010–\n\nOhio–5462, 942 N.E.2d 409, ¶ 19 (9th Dist.) ", "quoting Puritas Metal Prods. ", "Inc. v. Cole,\n\n9th Dist. ", "Lorain Nos. ", "07CA009255, 07CA009257, and 07CA009259, 2008–Ohio–4653,\n\nat ¶ 34 quoting Mettler v. Mettler (2007), 50 Conn.Supp. ", "357, 928 A.2d 631, 633.", "\n\fStark County, Case No. ", "2013CA00045 6\n\n {¶14} In King v. Pattison, 5th Dist. ", "Muskingum No. ", "CT2013-0010, 2013-Ohio-\n\n4665, the party seeking to disqualify an attorney represented to the court that the\n\nattorney was likely to be called as a witness at trial. ", "There was no evidence attached to\n\nthe motion, nor was there evidence attached to the response. ", "This Court found that the\n\ntrial court abused its discretion in disqualifying the attorney without any reasoned\n\nanalysis. ", "Id. at ¶22. ", "While the testimony of the attorney might arguably be admissible,\n\nwe found that the trial court abused its discretion in disqualifying the attorney without\n\nmaking any factual and/or legal conclusions relevant to the required analysis for\n\ngranting disqualification. ", "Id. at ¶23.", "\n\n {¶15} Similarly, in the instant case the court did not make any factual or legal\n\nfindings relevant to the required analysis for determining whether Michela Huth was a\n\nnecessary witness in the instant case. ", "Appellee presented no evidence as to what her\n\ntestimony might be, and merely represented to the court in a conclusory fashion that\n\nshe might be a witness because she lives on the subject property and is involved in a\n\nromantic relationship with appellant. ", "The court did not make a finding that she was a\n\nnecessary witness, but found only that she may be a material witness in the case. ", "The\n\ntrial court abused its discretion in disqualifying Huth without making the proper inquiry\n\nand findings that her testimony was admissible and necessary. ", " The record of the\n\nhearing reflects no facts as to what her testimony would be if called as a witness.", "\n\n {¶16} Further, the trial court abused its discretion in disqualifying Huth on the\n\nbasis that she is romantically involved with her client. ", " Ohio Rule of Professional\n\nConduct, Rule 1.8(j) provides, “A lawyer shall not solicit or engage in sexual activity with\n\na client unless a consensual relationship existed between them when the client-lawyer\n\fStark County, Case No. ", "2013CA00045 7\n\n\nrelationship commenced.” ", " The information before the court reflected that the\n\nrelationship between Huth and appellant existed prior to commencement of the\n\nattorney-client relationship. ", "While the court’s concerns regarding the effect of Huth’s\n\nrepresentation on the relationship and vice versa might be valid, they are not grounds\n\nfor disqualifying her as counsel.", "\n\n {¶17} Finally, appellee argues that Huth has a proprietary interest in the property\n\nby virtue of living on the property. ", "This basis for disqualification was not cited by the\n\ncourt as grounds for disqualification, nor was any evidence presented at the hearing\n\nother than the fact that she lives on the subject property with appellant.", "\n\n {¶18} The assignment of error is sustained.", "\n\n {¶19} The judgment of the Stark County Common Pleas Court is reversed, and\n\nthis case is remanded for further proceedings according to law, consistent with this\n\nopinion. ", "Costs assessed to appellee.", "\n\nBy: Baldwin, J.\n\nFarmer, P.J. and\n\nWise, J. concur.", "\n\n\n\n HON. ", "CRAIG R. BALDWIN\n\n\n\n HON. ", "SHEILA G. FARMER\n\n\n\n HON. ", "JOHN W. WISE\n\n\nCRB/rad\n\f[Cite as Holbrook v. Benson, 2013-Ohio-5307.]", "\n\n\n IN THE COURT OF APPEALS FOR STARK COUNTY, OHIO\n\n FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT\n\n\nBRYON HOLBROOK :\n :\n Plaintiff - Appellant :\n :\n-vs- : JUDGMENT ENTRY\n :\nMARILYN BENSON :\n :\n Defendant -Appellee : CASE NO. ", "2013CA00045\n\n\n For the reasons stated in our accompanying Memorandum-Opinion, the\n\njudgment of the Court of Common Pleas of Stark County, Ohio is reversed and\n\nremanded. ", "Costs assessed to appellee.", "\n\n\n\n\n HON. ", "CRAIG R. BALDWIN\n\n\n\n HON. ", "SHEILA G. FARMER\n\n\n\n HON. ", "JOHN W. WISE\n\f" ]

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[ "About\n\nThis blog devoted to news and other interesting information to us, the Leuzinger High School Class of 1963. ", "I hope you enjoy reading it and adding your comments.", "\n\nIn addition to leaving comments, you can also contact us via email.", "\n\nWe really want to hear from you. ", "Tell us what you are doing, who you still stay in contact with from our class, or anything else. ", "Especially, make sure we have your latest mailing address, home and work phone numbers, and of course your E-Mail address if you have one! ", "Email is the best way for us to stay in touch with you and let you know what class activities are coming up. ", "However, knowing your home address/phone is also important. ", "We occasionally send out newsletters through the US mail, and besides email addresses tend to be pretty dynamic. ", "So, please remember to update us when either of them change.", "\n\nThe above are currently our committee or core group members. ", "Most of us have been involved with planning our previous reunions and activities for many years now. ", "BUT, the group is not static by any means. ", "We would love to have more of you join us. ", "This is a standing invitation, so please let us know if you would like to get more involved. ", "We have a great time when we get together, and on occasion even get some work done. ", "🙂\n\nDon Stouder\n12-4-12\n\nAdvertisements\n\nShare this:\n\nLike this:\n\n8 thoughts on “About”\n\nWHEW!", "\nFor an unsophisticated blogger, I had to search a bit for an entrance to this new addition! ", "Several times, I tried to enter and ended up on Don’s photo class….ummmm. ", "I really LIKE this format as I have become quite lazy about writing long and/or hand written notes and using snail mail.", "\nMy next “project” will be to look at the photos from the most recent reunion in S. Orange County. ", "It sound like it was a small, but enthusiastic crowd. ", "I am sorry I was not up for the festivities, but am working on making myself come out and join the REAL world again.", "\nI have continued to be in touch with Marsha Blankenship, Donna McLaughlin, Ernie Case, Gail /Richard Liebig and (of COURSE), wonderful Don Stouder! ", "Before moving to “out back” (San Diego) it was fun to have seen a few others (Shigeru Watanabe, Ben Warner, Ilona Lehet, Judy/Tom Hawley to name a few. ", "I hope that some of you will remember that I’m in San Diego and would welcome contact with anyone who is so inclined. ", "Does anybody know how I can get in touch with Neil Obright??? ", "He wrote once and I have lost his email addess. ", "Sending warmest regards to all of you, and hope to hear from any one of you.", "\nMargaret Emig Hollins\n\nHow you? ", "I am so glad to see your comment. ", "I trust things are still going well with you? ", "Are still flying? ", "Still flying the long legs to asia?", "\n\nYou came to the right place, blog-wise to see what is going on. ", "We definitely are having a 50th – at least if I have anything to say about it! ", "It is now less than two years away. ", "Here’s what I plan to do within a very short time. ", "I will send out an email asking the members of our normal “core” if they would still like to help plan our 50th. ", "You would most definitely get a copy of the email.", "\n\nAbout the same time, I plan to send everyone on our email distribution list basically asking if they would like to get involved this go around. ", "I know Vicky Sechrist is interested. ", "In today’s world, we certainly do not have to be local to help in the planning. ", "One thing we all can help do is find missing classmates.", "\n\nKeeping up with what is going on with our class has gotten easier. ", "Many of our classmates are on Facebook. ", "There is Leuzinger Class of 63 group and a Leuzinger group, which is very active and lots of fun. ", "That is a good place to start. ", "If you are already a Facebook user, I’m sure you know more about it than I do.", "\n\nLook for the emails I mentioned coming shortly to kick off the whole planning thing.", "\n\nI am so happy to receive information of the 50 year class reunion I attended kindergarten first and second grade at Roosevelt, third forth and fifth at Kit Carson. ", "Sixth grade Mark Twain, seventh and eighth Will Rodgers Ninth and Tenth at lulu tech. ", "We moved to Compton where I graduated. ", "I recall seeing Leuzinger class mated at Disneyland’s grad night. ", "In 1993 I hosted a small 30 year reunion in San Pedro a few 63 class mates attended. ", "I cant wait to visit with great people I was blessed to grow up with.", "\n\nI am so sorry that it has taken me so long to Approve and Reply to your comment. ", "Normally, I get an email that tells me someone has commented, Somehow that did not happen. ", "I was there when you graciously hosted a great meal at your award winning restaurant in San Pedro. ", "I believe it was called Sugars. ", "Great food! ", "I have added you to our class email distribution list, and will be sending you some overdue emails. ", "I really hope you can make our 50th Reunion.", "\n\nThank you for responding. ", "Do not concern your self with any return email delays. ", "Believe me it’s ok. ", "Heck I was coming anyway pay at the door or something. ", "But add me to the list. ", "If possible the comment I left on 63’s Leuzinger web page with Marsha Cochran’s name. ", "If possible please delete I found out she has past. ", "God bless her soul. ", "Thank you i’m looking forward to our reunion.", "\nKelley." ]

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[ "The Company\n\nThe Company may refer to:\n\nOrganizations \n Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), an American spy agency\n Indian mafia, an organised body of criminals based in India\n Society of Jesus, the Christian Catholic Order of Saint Ignatius of Loyola, aka the Jesuits\nThe Company, a crime syndicate active in Hawaii from the 1960s to 1990s\n\nArts, entertainment, and media\n\nFictional entities\n The Company (Prison Break), a covert international organization in the television series Prison Break\n The Company, a covert international organization in the television series The Equalizer\n Dr. Zeus Inc., also known as The Company, a fictional entity in series of science fiction novels by Kage Baker\n Zzyzx, a covert organization in the television series Kyle XY, which was often referred to as simply \"The Company\" throughout the first season\n\nLiterature \n The Company (Ehrlichman novel), a 1976 book by John Ehrlichman\n The Company (Littell novel), a 2002 book by Robert Littell\n The Company, a time travel series of novels by Kage Baker\n\nMusic\n The Company (folk rock band), a short-lived American band\n The Company (vocal group), based in the Philippines\n The company, a band started by ex-Falling in Reverse member Anthony Avila\n\nProduction companies\n The Company (production company), an India-based TV production company\n The Company, a U.S.-based TV and film production company co-founded by Charlie Ebersol\n\nOther uses in arts, entertainment, and media\n The Company (film), a 2003 film by Robert Altman about the Joffrey Ballet of Chicago\n The Company (TV miniseries), a miniseries about the CIA based on Littell's 2002 novel\n\nSee also\n Company (disambiguation)\n La Compagnie (ICAO: DJT) \"DreamJet\" airline" ]

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[ 0.00059539545327425 ]

[ "Tuesday, 29 March 2011\n\nThese are the exclusive Lee boots, I had every intention of buying these once i had managed to master the language of Sweden!", "\n\nUnfortunately i can only find these beauts on nelly.com a Swedish website and theres no international post boohoo :'(\n\nBUT them aside i found a new love, Sorry \"Lee\" it was a short and sweet, and i will always remember you...\n\nTa'daaaaaaaa!", "\n\nOffice Manic Stud boot, should have been £100.00 they were reduced to a lovely £42.00 (Lee who?) ", "possibly reduced to that because I'm the kind of person that decides to start buying boots just as we're entering summer perhaps? ", "idk.", "\n\nThey are the spit of the pre-fall 2008 Chloe \"Susan\" boot that was sold out practically instantly.", "\n\nAlso featured in this months Look magazine, it shows sienna sporting hers in pillar box red Aaaaahmazing i just wish i had the guts to pull the colour off Oh and the £800+ to splurge on them.", "\n\nSo, on Saturday me and sissy went along to Pick 'N' Mix, a little vintage fair in Sheffield where you pay £1.00 admission, get a cute lil stamp on your hand so you can come back as many times as you want and basicly buy your vintage by weight!Its £12.00 a Kg and i was smack on 1kg :-) i picked up a few (a lot!) ", "of silk head scarfs, a couple of blouses and two pairs of braces.", "Im really bad at rumaging which isnt the best thing at places like these as theres rails and rails of clothes. ", "Im sure those people with the patience and a good eye for a bargain came out with bags and bags of stuff, the sister didnt do to bad herself her \"Pick 'N' Mix\" was just over a kg due to her sudden obsession with head scarfs she gained in under an hour, seriously think about it they dont weigh that much!!!I landed myself with a knee length tartan skirt from COW one of my fave stores atm its kinda vintage but with no scuffling and rummaging involved,happy days!I've been lusting after a tartan skirt ever since spotting Nicola Roberts rock her Vivienne Westwood version but as much as i would LOVE to be the owner of a vivvi i think the £8 bargain i picked up is much more to my taste...well it has to be!Piccies soonN x" ]

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[ " UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT\n FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA\n____________________________________\n )\nOPERATIVE PLASTERERS’ & CEMENT )\nMASONS’ INTERNATIONAL )\nASSOCIATION OF THE UNITED )\nSTATES AND CANADA, AFL-CIO, )\n )\n Petitioner, )\n ) Civil Action No. ", "09-1160 (RBW)\n v. )\n )\nJORDAN INTERIORS, INC., ", "et al., ", " )\n )\n Respondents. ", " )\n___________________________________ )\n )\nUNITED BROTHERHOOD OF )\nCARPENTERS AND JOINERS OF )\nAMERICA, et al., ", " )\n )\n Petitioners, )\n )\n v. ) Civil Action No. ", "09-2212 (RBW)\n )\nOPERATIVE PLASTERERS’ & CEMENT )\nMASONS’ INTERNATIONAL )\nASSOCIATION OF THE UNITED )\nSTATES AND CANADA, AFL-CIO, )\n )\n Respondent. ", " )\n___________________________________ )\n\n AMENDED MEMORANDUM OPINION 1\n\n In this case, the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America (\"Brotherhood\n\nof Carpenters\") and the Southwest Regional Council of Carpenters (\"Southwest Regional\n\n\n\n1\n This Amended Memorandum Opinion amends the September 22, 2010 Memorandum Opinion only with\nrespect to Civil Action No. ", "09-2212. ", "It therefore only addresses the arbitration award rendered by Arbitrator Tony\nKelly with respect to Project No. ", "7. ", "The September 22, 2010 Memorandum Opinion and Order stand as the Court's\nresolution of the issues presented in Civil Action No. ", "09-1160.", "\n\n\n\n\n 1\n\fCouncil\") filed a petition with this Court to vacate an arbitration award issued by Arbitrator Tony\n\nA. Kelly pursuant to the Plan for the Settlement of Jurisdictional Disputes in the Construction\n\nIndustry (\"Jurisdictional Plan\"), which found in favor of the Operative Plasterers' and Cement\n\nMasons' International Association, ALF-CIO (\"Association\" or \"OPCMIA\"). ", "Petition to Vacate\n\nArbitration Award (\"Pet. ", "to Vacate\") at 1. ", "The Association then filed its answer and a\n\ncounterclaim requesting that the Court: (1) confirm the award issued by Arbitrator Kelly, (2)\n\norder Jordan Interiors, Inc. (\"Jordan Interiors\"), a contractor, and the Brotherhood of Carpenters\n\nand the Southwest Regional Council, a national union and its local affiliate, respectively, to\n\ncomply with the award; and (3) award it attorneys' fees, court costs, and expenses incurred\n\nseeking enforcement of Arbitrator Kelly’s award. ", "Association's Answer to Petition to Vacate\n\nArbitration Award and Counter-Claim to Confirm Arbitration Award (\"Ass'n's Ans.\") ", "at 12.", "\n\n This matter is now before the Court on the parties' cross-motions for summary judgment\n\nunder Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 56. ", "See Brotherhood of Carpenters' and Southwest\n\nRegional Council's Consolidated Motion for Summary Judgment (\"Council's Mot.\"); ", "OPCMIA's\n\nConsolidated Motion for Summary Judgment (\"Ass'n's Mot.\"). ", "For the following reasons, the\n\nCourt must grant the Association's cross-motion for summary judgment and confirm Arbitrator\n\nKelly's award. ", "2\n\n\n\n\n2\n In addition to the submissions already cited, the Court also considered the following documents in\nresolving the cross-motions for summary judgment: the Association's Memorandum in Support of Its Consolidated\nMotion for Summary Judgment; the Council's Memorandum of Points and Authorities in Support of their\nConsolidated Motion for Summary Judgment; the Council's Opposition to Consolidated Motion for Summary\nJudgment (\"Council's Opp'n\"); the Association's Memorandum in Opposition to Respondents' Motion for Summary\nJudgment (\"Ass'n's Opp'n.\"); ", "the Council's Reply Brief in Support of their Consolidated Motion for Summary\nJudgment (\"Council's Reply\"); and Association's Reply Brief in Support of Its Consolidated Motion for Summary\nJudgment (\"Ass'n's Reply\").", "\n\n\n\n 2\n\f I. BACKGROUND\n\n Central to the dispute at hand is the Los Angeles Unified School District Project\n\nStabilization Agreement (\"LAUSD Agreement\"), a pre-hire collective bargaining agreement\n\nauthorized under 29 U.S.C. § 158(f) (commonly referred to as an \"8(f)\" agreement). ", "Pet. ", "to\n\nVacate, Exhibit (\"Ex.\") ", "A (LAUSD Agreement). ", "A contractor can enter into a § 8(f) collective\n\nbargaining agreement, such as the LAUSD Agreement here, recognizing one or more bargaining\n\nrepresentatives despite a lack of majority support from its employees. ", "3 29 U.S.C. § 158(f)\n\n(2006). ", "The LAUSD Agreement \"establishes the labor relations [p]olicies and [p]rocedures for\n\nthe [Los Angeles Unified School] District and for the craft employees represented by the\n\n[u]nions engaged in the District's new school and building construction and substantial\n\nrehabilitation and capital improvement program.\" ", "Pet. ", "to Vacate, Ex. ", "A (LAUSD Agreement) at\n\n1.", "\n\n\n\n\n3\n Subtitled \"Agreement covering employees in the building and construction industry,\" 29 U.S.C. § 158(f)\nprovides:\n\n It shall not be an unfair labor practice under subsections (a) and (b) of this section for an employer\n engaged primarily in the building and construction industry to make an agreement covering\n employees engaged (or who, upon their employment, will be engaged) in the building and\n construction industry with a labor organization of which building and construction employees are\n members (not established, maintained, or assisted by any action defined in subsection (a) of this\n section as an unfair labor practice) because (1) the majority status of such labor organization has\n not been established under the provisions of section 159 of this title prior to the making of such\n agreement, or (2) such agreement requires as a condition of employment, membership in such\n labor organization after the seventh day following the beginning of such employment or the\n effective date of the agreement, whichever is later, or (3) such agreement requires the employer to\n notify such labor organization of opportunities for employment with such employer, or gives such\n labor organization an opportunity to refer qualified applicants for such employment, or (4) such\n agreement specifies minimum training or experience qualifications for employment or provides\n for priority in opportunities for employment based upon length of service with such employer, in\n the industry or in the particular geographical area: Provided, That nothing in this subsection shall\n set aside the final proviso to subsection (a)(3) of this section: Provided further, That any\n agreement which would be invalid, but for clause (1) of this subsection, shall not be a bar to a\n petition filed pursuant to section 159(c) or 159(e) of this title.", "\n\n\n\n\n 3\n\f Local unions and contractors bind themselves to the LAUSD Agreement in different\n\nways. ", "The unions are \"signatory\" parties to the LAUSD Agreement. ", "Id. at 12 § 3.1; see also id.\n\nat 47-48 (listing all the local unions signatory to the Agreement). ", "Contractors, on the other hand,\n\nare bound to the LAUSD Agreement on a project-to-project basis. ", "Id. at 9 § 2.5(b). ", "According\n\nto the LAUSD Agreement,\n\n all contractors and subcontractors of whatever tier, who have been awarded\n contracts for work covered by this Agreement, shall be required to accept and be\n bound to the terms and conditions of this Project Stabilization Agreement, and\n shall evidence their acceptance by the execution of the Agreement or of the\n [l]etter of [a]ssent . . . ", "prior to [the] commencement of work.", "\n\nId. Once a contractor is bound to the LAUSD Agreement, it is required to \"recognize[] the [Los\n\nAngeles/Orange Counties Building and Construction Trades] Council and the signatory local\n\n[u]nions as the exclusive bargaining representatives for the employees engaged in Project Work.\"", "\n\nId. at 12 § 3.1. ", "On May 12, 2003, approximately thirty labor organizations, including the\n\nBrotherhood of Carpenters' local affiliate, the Southwest Regional Council, and the Association's\n\nlocal affiliate, Plasterers Local 200, executed the LAUSD Agreement. ", "Id. at 47-48; Ass'n's\n\nReply at 12. ", "4\n\n Pursuant to § 8.1 of Article 8 of the LAUSD Agreement, all work assignments for\n\nconstruction projects covered by the LAUSD Agreement are required to be made \"in accordance\n\nwith the Plan for the Settlement of Jurisdictional Disputes in the Construction Industry\n\n[\"Jurisdictional Plan\"].\" ", "Pet. ", "to Vacate, Ex. ", "A (LAUSD Agreement) at 28, § 8.1; Ass'n's Ans.,", "\n\nEx. ", "1 (Jurisdictional Plan) at 30. ", "Under § 8.2 of the LAUSD Agreement, parties to the\n\nAgreement are required to abide by the Jurisdictional Plan's procedures for resolving\n\n\n4\n The LAUSD Agreement was amended on or about October 31, 2003, and remains in effect through\nSeptember 2013. ", "Pet. ", "to Confirm, Ex. ", "3 (Amendment Extending the Agreement).", "\n\n\n\n\n 4\n\fjurisdictional disputes. ", "Pet. ", "to Vacate, Ex. ", "A (LAUSD Agreement) at 28, § 8.2. ", "As the\n\nAssociation explains, a jurisdictional dispute arises \"when two labor organizations have a\n\ndisagreement over whether an employer has properly assigned work to be performed by a group\n\nof employees represented by one of those unions rather than a different group of employees\n\nrepresented by the other union.\" ", "Ass'n's Mot., ", "Ex. ", "1 (Association's Statement of Material Facts\n\nAs to Which There Is No Genuine Issue (\"Ass'n's Stmt. ", "of Facts\")) ¶ 4.", "\n\n On June 22, 2009, pursuant to an election petition filed by Jordan Interiors with the\n\nNational Labor Relations Board, an election was held by the employees of Jordan Interiors, and\n\nthey unanimously voted for the Southwest Regional Council to be their exclusive representative.", "\n\nCouncil's Mot., ", "Ex. ", "2 (Council's Statement of Material Facts to Which There Is No Genuine\n\nIssue (\"Council's Stmt. ", "of Facts\")) ¶ 11. \"", "Shortly[] thereafter,\" Council's Opp'n at 3, the National\n\nLabor Relations Board certified the Southwest Regional Council as the Jordan Interiors\n\nemployees' exclusive representative. ", "Id. A jurisdictional dispute then arose as a result of Jordan\n\nInteriors' assignment of plastering work to its workers who are represented by the Southwest\n\nRegional Council, rather than to workers represented by Plasterers Local 200. ", "Id. ¶ 27. ", "In\n\nOctober 2009, the Association notified the Jurisdictional Plan's administrator of the jurisdictional\n\ndispute at Project No. ", "7, invoking the Jurisdictional Plan under the LAUSD Agreement. ", "5 Id. ¶\n\n14. ", "On October 22, 2009, Jordan Interiors executed a letter of assent for Project No. ", "7. ", "Ass'n's\n\nMot., ", "Declaration of Rob Mason (\"Mason Decl.\") ", "Ex. ", "1 (Letter of Assent for Project No. ", "7).", "\n\n\n\n\n5\n While neither the Association nor the United Brotherhood of Carpenters are signatory to the Agreement,\nthe Jurisdictional Plan directs the National and International Unions to challenge work assignments and represent\ntheir local affiliates in jurisdictional disputes. ", "See Ass'n's Ans., ", "Ex. ", "1 (Jurisdictional Plan) at 6 (\"When a dispute\nover an assignment of work arises, the [n]ational or [i]nternational [u]nion challenging the assignment . . . ", "shall\nnotify the [a]dministrator in writing.\").", "\n\n\n\n\n 5\n\f A hearing on the jurisdictional dispute was held by Arbitrator Kelly on November 5,\n\n2009, 6 Council's Mot., ", "Ex. ", "2, Council's Stmt. ", "of Facts ¶ 18, but the Brotherhood of Carpenters,\n\nthe Southwest Regional Council, and Jordan Interiors did not attend or participate despite being\n\nprovided notice of the hearing, Ass'n's Mot., ", "Ex. ", "1, Ass'n's Stmt. ", "of Facts ¶ 31. ", "On November\n\n10, 2009, Arbitrator Kelly issued his opinion, which ordered Jordan Interiors to assign the\n\ndisputed work at Project No. ", "7 to employees represented by the Association. ", "Id. ¶ 33. ", "Jordan\n\nInteriors, the Brotherhood of Carpenters, and the Southwest Regional Council have failed to\n\ncomply with Arbitrator Kelly’s decision. ", "Id. ¶ 34.", "\n\n Currently before the Court are the parties' cross-motions for summary judgment under\n\nFederal Rule of Civil Procedure 56, arguing for or against the enforceability of the arbitration\n\naward awarding the Project No. ", "7 work to individuals represented by the Association.", "\n\nSpecifically, the Brotherhood of Carpenters and the Southwest Regional Council request that the\n\nCourt vacate the arbitration award, Council's Mot. ", "at 1-2, while the Association requests that the\n\nCourt affirm the award, Ass'n's Mot. ", "at 1. ", "The Brotherhood of Carpenters and the Southwest\n\nRegional Council argue that the award is invalid and should be vacated for two reasons. ", "First,\n\nthey maintain that there was no valid contract between the Association and Jordan Interiors\n\nauthorizing the arbitration. ", "Council's Reply at 1-2. ", "They assert that once the Jordan Interiors\n\nemployees exercised their rights under 29 U.S.C. § 157 and selected the Southwest Regional\n\nCouncil as their exclusive representative, any conflicting contractual rights that the Association\n\nhad with Jordan Interiors under the § 8(f) pre-hire Agreement were rendered void. ", "Id. Second,\n\n\n\n6\n Although the Association at times states that the arbitration took place on June 12, 2009, see, e.g., Ass'n's\nMot., ", "Ex. ", "1 (Ass'n's Stmt. ", "of Facts) ¶ 30 (\"Arbitrator Kelly convened a hearing over the dispute in Washington, D.C.\non June 12, 2009\"), there is ample evidence in the record that the arbitration regarding the disputed Project No. ", "7\nwork actually occurred on November 5, 2009, with the decision issuing on November 10, 2009, Council's Opp'n at\n5.", "\n\n\n\n 6\n\fthe Brotherhood of Carpenters and the Southwest Regional Council allege that the award is\n\n\"repugnant\" to the National Labor Relations Act because ordering Jordan Interiors to assign\n\nwork to workers represented by Plasterers Local 200 \"impinge[s] on the Board's election\n\ncertification of the [Southwest Regional Council] and the Section 7 rights of Jordan Interiors'\n\nemployees.\" ", "Id. at 14.", "\n\n In contrast, the Association asserts that the certification of the Southwest Regional\n\nCouncil as Jordan Interiors' employees' representative is irrelevant as a matter of law, and that all\n\nof the parties remain contractually bound by the LAUSD Agreement’s incorporation of the\n\nJurisdictional Plan and its procedures for the resolution of jurisdictional disputes. ", "Ass'n's Reply\n\nat 16. ", "The Association further contends that the arbitration award is not repugnant to the\n\nNational Labor Relations Act because the dispute that resulted in the award is jurisdictional,\n\nrather than representational, in nature. ", "They advance this argument based on the premise that the\n\nreassignment of the disputed work to Plasterers Local 200 would not interfere with the Jordan\n\nInteriors employees' choice of representation. ", "Id. Thus, the two issues before the Court are: (1)\n\nwhether the election, and the subsequent certification of the Southwest Regional Council by the\n\nNational Labor Relations Board, as the exclusive representative of Jordan Interiors' employees\n\nprospectively terminated the parties' acceptance of the LAUSD Agreement, and, if the\n\nAgreement was valid when Jordan Interiors issued its letter of assent on October 22, 2009, (2)\n\nwhether Arbitrator Kelly's award is \"repugnant\" to or violates § 7 the National Labor Relations\n\nAct.", "\n\n\n\n\n 7\n\f II. ", "STANDARD OF REVIEW\n\n A. Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 56\n\n A court will grant a motion for summary judgment under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure\n\n56 \"if the movant shows that there is no genuine dispute as to any material fact and the movant is\n\nentitled to judgment as a matter of law.\" ", "Fed. ", "R. Civ. ", "P. 56(a). ", "When evaluating such a motion,\n\nthe Court must view the evidence \"in the light most favorable to the non-moving party.\" ", "Evans\n\nv. Sebelius, 674 F. Supp. ", "2d 228, 238 (D.D.C. 2009) (citations omitted). ", "The Court must also\n\naccept evidence provided by the non-moving party as true, drawing \"all justifiable inferences\" in\n\nthe non-moving party's favor. ", "Id. (citing Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 255\n\n(1986)).", "\n\n B. The Court's review of arbitration awards\n\n With respect to this Court's review of arbitration awards, \"when parties to a collective\n\nbargaining agreement have agreed to submit to arbitration, the function of the court is extremely\n\nlimited.\" ", "Am. ", "Postal Workers Union, AFL-CIO v. U.S. Postal Serv., ", "254 F. Supp. ", "2d 12, 14\n\n(D.D.C. 2003) (citing Cole v. Burns Int'l Sec. ", "Servs., ", "105 F.3d 1465, 1473 (D.C. Cir. ", "1997)\n\n(internal citations omitted)). \"", "Although [c]ourts exercise only limited review of the merits of an\n\narbitrator's decision in a labor dispute, they retain full authority to vacate awards that fail to\n\nconfine themselves to matters within the scope of the arbitrator's assigned jurisdiction,\" Howard\n\nUniv. ", "v. Metro. ", "Campus Police Officer's Union, 519 F. Supp. ", "2d 27, 32 (D.D.C. 2007) (alteration\n\nin original) (quoting Commc'n Workers of Am., ", "AFL-CIO, CLC v. Am. ", "Tel. & ", "Tel. ", "Co., 903\n\nF.Supp. ", "3, 5 (D.D.C. 1995) (internal quotations and citations omitted)), and it is well established\n\nthat an arbitration award must \"draw its essence from the parties' collective bargaining\n\nagreement.\" ", "Id. Thus, the arbitrator must \"have [had] the contractual authority to\" issue the\n\n\n\n\n 8\n\faward before the award can be enforced. ", "Barrentine v. Arkansas-Best Freight Sys., ", "Inc., 450\n\nU.S. 728, 744 (1981) (\"An arbitrator's power is both derived from, and limited by, the collective-\n\nbargaining agreement.\"). ", "Accordingly, in instances where the arbitrator's authority stems from a\n\ncollective bargaining agreement, an arbitration award will be unenforceable if: (1) the collective\n\nbargaining agreement was subsequently terminated and the arbitrator's authority extinguished,\n\nsee Pioneer Natural Res. ", "USA, Inc. v. Paper, Allied Indus., ", "Chem. & ", "Energy Int'l Union, 338\n\nF.3d 440, 441 (5th Cir. ", "2003) (per curiam); or (2) the award \"is in 'explicit conflict' with 'other\n\nlaws and legal precedents,'\" Am. ", "Postal Workers Union v. U.S. Postal Serv., ", "550 F.3d 27, 32\n\n(D.C. Cir. ", "2008) (citing United Paperworkers Int'l Union v. Misco, Inc., 484 U.S. 29, 43 (1987))\n\n(internal quotation marks omitted).", "\n\n III. ", "ANALYSIS\n\n As will be explained further below, the Court finds that the Brotherhood of Carpenters'\n\nand the Southwest Regional Council's argument that,\n\n [c]ontrary to the [Association's] central premise, the [Southwest Regional\n Council], the [Brotherhood of Carpenters], and [Jordan Interiors] are not\n contractually obligated to submit to the Plan through the [LAUSD Agreement] . . .", "\n [because t]he workers of Jordan Interiors voted unanimously in an election held\n on June 22, 2009 to certify the [Southwest Regional Council] as [their] exclusive\n representative on all jobs such as the ones involved in the underlying Plan awards\n\nCouncil's Opp'n at 1, fails for three, interrelated reasons. ", "7 See also Ass'n's Opp'n at 13 (arguing\n\nthat the United Brotherhood's and the Southwest Regional Council's motion for summary\n\njudgment \"is based upon one defense . . . ", "that the arbitration award[] issued by Arbitrator[] . . .", "\n\n7\n Stating the obvious, the claim that the Southwest Regional Council is not bound by the LAUSD Agreement\nhas no basis in fact because the Southwest Regional Council is a signatory to the Agreement. ", "See Pet. ", "to Vacate,\nEx. ", "A (LAUSD Agreement) at 48 (listing \"Carpenters Regional Council\" as a signatory); see also, Gannon\nDeclaration (\"Gannon Decl.\") ¶ ", "10 (\"The Southwest Regional Council of Carpenters is 'stipulated' to the plan by\nvirtue of contract, the [LAUSD Agreement]. . . . ", "The [Southwest Regional Council] is also a signatory to an\namendment of the LAUSD Agreement that extends the terms of that Agreement to all projects arising in the Los\nAngeles Unified School District.\"); ", "Pet. ", "to Vacate ¶ 11 (\"The [LAUSD Agreement] was signed by both [the]\n[Southwest Regional Council] and [Plasterers Local 200].\").", "\n\n\n\n 9\n\fKelly [is] unenforceable because the [National Labor Relations Board] has certified the\n\nSouthwest Regional Council as the exclusive bargaining representative of Jordan Interiors'\n\nemployees\"). ", "All three of these reasons are rooted in the validity of the LAUSD Agreement\n\nbetween the parties to this action and the manner in which project work covered by the\n\nAgreement can be assigned by a contractor without violating its employees' rights to exclusive\n\nrepresentation and to collective bargaining. ", "First, the LAUSD Agreement did not require Jordan\n\nInteriors' employees' to recognize a bargaining representative other than the Southwest Council\n\nwhen Jordan Interiors assented to that Agreement on October 22, 2009; Jordan Interiors' entrance\n\ninto the Agreement was therefore valid and accorded Arbitrator Kelly the authority to resolve the\n\nProject No. ", "7 jurisdictional dispute. ", "Second, the Brotherhood of Carpenters' and Southwest\n\nRegional Council's argument overlooks the differences between a jurisdictional dispute and a\n\nrepresentational dispute. ", "Third, the arbitration award can be enforced in a manner that does not\n\nviolate the National Relations Labor Act and that remedies the conflicting obligations Jordan\n\nInteriors brought upon itself with its October 22, 2009 letter of assent.", "\n\n In a nod to the unique nature of the construction industry, the National Labor Relations\n\nAct creates a limited exception to its otherwise general requirement that employers must obtain\n\nmajority support from employees before signing collective bargaining agreements. ", "29 U.S.C. §\n\n158(f). ", "Thus, as noted above, a contractor may enter into an § 8(f) pre-hire agreement\n\nrecognizing one or more representatives despite the lack of majority employee support. ", "Id.\n\nSection 8(f), however, also offers protection to employees in such circumstances by allowing\n\nthem to decertify or change representatives at any time during the relationship through an\n\nelection. ", "Id.; see also Nova Plumbing v. Nat'l Labor Relations Bd., ", "330 F.3d 531, 534 (D.C. Cir.", "\n\n2003). ", "Upon the National Labor Relations Board's certification of a union as the exclusive\n\n\n\n\n 10\n\frepresentative of a group of employees, any pre-existing contractual obligations arising from a\n\n§ 8(f) agreement that recognizes other signatory unions as the employees' representatives are\n\nnullified. ", "See Nova Plumbing, 330 F.3d at 536-37 (\"An agreement between an employer and\n\nunion is void and unenforceable, [Int'l Ladies' Garment Workers' Union, AFL-CIO v. NLRB,\n\n366 U.S. 731, 738 (1961)], if it purports to recognize a union that actually lacks majority support\n\nas the employees' exclusive representative.\"). ", "After decertification, termination of the § 8(f)\n\nrelationship occurs because the § 7 protections accorded to employees, including the \"right to\n\nself-organization, to form, join, or assist labor organizations, [and] to bargain collectively\n\nthrough representatives of their own choosing,\" 29 U.S.C. § 157, are fundamental; these rights\n\nare often considered superior to the contractual obligations derived from collective-bargaining\n\nagreements, such as those derived from pre-hire agreements, which were not endorsed by\n\nmajority employee support. ", "See Nova Plumbing, 330 F.3d at 537. ", "With this legal framework as\n\nits guide, the Court will now explain in detail the three reasons why the Brotherhood of\n\nCarpenters' and the Southwest Regional Council's challenge to Arbitrator Kelly's award must be\n\nrejected.", "\n\n First, because the LAUSD Agreement did not require Jordan Interiors' employees' to\n\nrecognize a bargaining representative other than the Southwest Council when Jordan Interiors\n\nassented to that Agreement on October 22, 2009, Jordan Interiors' entrance into the Agreement\n\nwas valid and granted Arbitrator Kelly the authority to resolve the Project No. ", "7 jurisdictional\n\ndispute. ", "It is undisputed that the employees of Jordan Interiors unanimously elected the\n\nSouthwest Regional Council to serve as their exclusive bargaining representative on June 22,\n\n2009, well before Jordan Interiors executed the letter of assent for Project No. ", "7 on October 22,\n\n2009. ", "See Pet. ", "to Vacate ¶¶ 1, 19 (indicating the election occurred on June 22, 2009); Ass'n's\n\n\n\n\n 11\n\fMot., ", "Mason Decl., ", "Ex. ", "1 (Letter of Assent for Project No. ", "7) (indicating the letter of assent was\n\nissued on October 22, 2009). ", "Thus, if the LAUSD Agreement had required the Jordan Interiors\n\nemployees to recognize a bargaining representative other than the Southwest Regional Council,\n\nJordan Interiors' assent to the agreement would have been void, as it could not legally have\n\nentered into the Agreement. ", "See Nova Plumbing, 330 F.3d at 536-37 (\"An agreement between an\n\nemployer and union is void and unenforceable, if it purports to recognize a union that actually\n\nlacks majority support as the employees' exclusive representative.\") (", "citation omitted). ", "The\n\nLAUSD Agreement, however, requires no such recognition by Jordan Interiors or its employees.", "\n\n Section 3.1 of the LAUSD Agreement states,\n\n [t]he Contractor recognizes the [Los Angeles/Orange Counties Building and\n Construction Trades] Council and the signatory local [u]nions as the exclusive\n bargaining representative for the employees engaged in Project Work. ", "Such\n recognition does not extend beyond the period when the employee is engaged in\n Project Work.", "\n\nPet. ", "to Vacate, Ex. ", "A (LAUSD Agreement) at 12 § 3.1 (emphasis added). ", "This section does not\n\nrequire Jordan Interiors to recognize all thirty signatory local unions as the representative of its\n\nemployees (i.e., Jordan Interiors' entire workforce, the body that unanimously voted for\n\nrepresentation by the Southwest Council); rather, the recognition of signatory unions to the\n\nLAUSD Agreement extends to the employees who are engaged in Project Work (i.e., presumably\n\na smaller subset of Jordan Interiors' workforce who will actually work on projects covered by the\n\nAgreement or employees referred to Jordan Interiors to perform such work by other signatory\n\nunions). ", "Accordingly, the LAUSD Agreement does not impermissibly attempt to alter or strip\n\nthe employees performing project work of their right to choose an exclusive representative to\n\nengage in negotiations with their employer on their behalf; rather, § 3.1 of the LAUSD\n\nAgreement simply requires contractors to staff LAUSD projects with employees represented by\n\n\n\n\n 12\n\fone of the thirty local unions signatory to the LAUSD Agreement. ", "8 Put simply, the recognition\n\nclause of the LAUSD Agreement applies to contractors who have won bids for LAUSD projects,\n\nregardless of what union may or may not represent that contractor's employees. ", "Consequently,\n\nthe LAUSD Agreement did not purport to strip the Jordan Interiors employees of their right to\n\nexclusive representation by the Southwest Regional Council. ", "Jordan Interiors' assent to the\n\nLAUSD Agreement was therefore valid and enforceable, resulting in Jordan Interiors stipulating\n\nto the Jurisdictional Plan's policy of having jurisdictional disputes resolved through arbitration.", "\n\nThus, Arbitrator Kelly was authorized to arbitrate the jurisdictional dispute.", "\n\n Next, based on the record before the Court, it is clear that this litigation concerns a\n\njurisdictional dispute, rather than a representational dispute, as the arguments advanced by the\n\nUnited Brotherhood and Southwest Regional Council would seem to suggest. ", "The Brotherhood\n\nof Carpenters and the Southwest Regional Council maintain that \"[t]he [Association's] claim to\n\nrepresent any of Jordan Interiors' employees is based on nothing more than a collective\n\nbargaining agreement that Jordan Interiors did not even sign. ", "Jordan Interiors merely assented to\n\n\n\n\n8\n Other sections of the LAUSD Agreement confirm that this reading of § 3.1 of the Agreement is correct.", "\nFor example, Section 3.6(a) of the Agreement provides, in part,\n\n [e]xcept as otherwise provided in a separate collective bargaining agreement(s) to which the\n contractor is signatory, a specialty or sub-contractor may employ, as needed, first a member of his\n core workforce, then an employee through a referral from the appropriate union hiring hall . . . ", "and\n so on until a maximum of five core employees are employed, after which all further employees\n shall be employed pursuant to the other provisions of this Article, starting with section 3.3.", "\n\nPet. ", "to Vacate, Ex. ", "A (LAUSD Agreement) at 15, § 3.6. ", "This section both contemplates that a contractor may be\nsubject to collective bargaining agreements with its own employees and requires a contractor to hire only from union\nhalls signatory to the Agreement. ", "Section 3.3(a), which sets forth referral procedures, provides that \"for signatory\nunions now having a job referral system contained in a Schedule A, the contractor agrees to comply with such\nsystem and it shall be used exclusively by such contractor, except as modified by this Agreement.\" ", "Id. at 13, §\n3.3(a).", "\n\n\n\n\n 13\n\fthe [LAUSD Agreement] after it had been entered into by the [Association] and the LAUSD.\" ", "9\n\nCouncil's Opp'n at 9-10. ", "The Court's understanding of the Association's position in this litigation\n\nis not that it should represent Jordan Interiors' employees, but that the work performed on Project\n\nNo. ", "7 should be assigned to members of Plasterers Local 200, the Association's local affiliate.", "\n\nSee Ass'n's Opp'n at 15 (\"[B]y demanding that Jordan Interiors assign [the Project No. ", "7\n\nplastering work] to employees represented by the [Association], neither the [Association] nor\n\nPlasterers Local 200 were making a demand for recognition as the representatives of Jordan\n\nInteriors' employees.\") ", "Indeed, this is the exact determination made by Arbitrator Kelly in the\n\naward currently under review. ", "See Pet. ", "to Vacate, Ex. ", "G (November 10, 2009 Arbitration\n\nAward) (\"It is the opinion of the Arbitrator [that] the [Association] has offered convincing proof\n\nto support their claim to the work in dispute . . . .\") (", "emphasis added). ", "And the National Labor\n\nRelations Board has made clear that\n\n a Board certification in a representation proceeding is not a jurisdictional award; it\n is merely a determination that a majority of the employees in an appropriate unit\n have selected a particular labor organization as their representative for purposes\n of collective bargaining. . . . ", "However, unlike a jurisdictional award, this\n determination by the Board does not freeze the duties or work tasks of the\n employees in the unit found appropriate.", "\n\nPlumbing Contractors Ass'n of Baltimore v. United Ass'n of Journeymen and Apprentices, Local\n\nNo. ", "48, 93 N.L.R.B. 1081, 1087 (1951); see also United Brotherhood of Carpenters v. Robert\n\nJelinek, et al., ", "127 N.L.R.B. 565, 576 n.13 (1960) (expressing the inability to accept the\n\nargument that a demand for recognition and bargaining was implicit in a demand that members\n\nof a union be assigned the work in question). ", "In other words, the certification of the Southwest\n\n9\n As explained above, the LAUSD Agreement clearly provides that a contractor shall become bound by the\nAgreement with the issuance of a letter of assent. ", "Thus, the October 22, 2009 letter of assent is not \"mere assent,\"\nbut is an indication of Jordan Interiors' willingness to be bound by the LAUSD Agreement in the exact manner\ncalled for by the Agreement. ", "See Pet. ", "to Vacate, Ex. ", "A (LAUSD Agreement) at 9 § 2.5(b).", "\n\n\n\n\n 14\n\fRegional Council as the exclusive bargaining representative of the Jordan Interiors employees\n\npertains only to the representation of those employees, and not the work assigned to those\n\nemployees by the employer. ", "Accordingly, the Court agrees with the Association that \"[t]he fact\n\nthat a labor organization has been certified as the exclusive bargaining representative of the\n\ngroup performing the work does not preclude a jurisdictional dispute over the assignment of that\n\nwork.\" ", "Ass'n's Reply at 11. ", "Therefore, Jordan Interiors' October 22, 2009 assent to be bound by\n\nthe LAUSD Agreement and its incorporation of the Jurisdictional Plan's resolution of\n\njurisdictional disputes through arbitration, was not an infringement of its employees'\n\nrepresentational rights. ", "Jordan Interiors' assent was thus valid and Arbitrator Kelly acted within\n\nthe parameters of the LAUSD Agreement (and, consequently, the Jurisdictional Plan) when he\n\nresolved the jurisdictional dispute over the work to be performed at Project No. ", "7 in favor of the\n\nAssociation.", "\n\n Finally, the Southwest Regional Council and the Brotherhood of Carpenters argue that in\n\norder to enforce the arbitration award, Jordan Interiors would have to violate the National Labor\n\nRelations Act by refusing to honor its workers' rights to exclusive representation and to\n\ncollective bargaining and \"force its employees to accept the [Association] as their representative\n\nor terminate the employees and replace them with [Association-]represented workers.\" ", "Council's\n\nReply at 3. ", "Again, this misrepresents the nature of the conflict, portraying it as a representational\n\ndispute rather than a jurisdictional dispute. ", "The arbitration award issued by Arbitrator Kelly in\n\nNovember 2009 designated the proper work assignment under the Jurisdictional Plan and\n\nrequired Jordan Interiors to reassign the plastering work at Project No. ", "7 to members of\n\nPlasterers Local 200. ", "Ass'n's Mot., ", "Ex. ", "1 (Ass'n's Stmt. ", "of Facts) ¶ 33. ", "Allowing a contractor\n\nsuch as Jordan Interiors to assert the exclusive representation of its employees as a shield against\n\n\n\n\n 15\n\fjurisdictional awards made in accordance with the Jurisdictional Plan would allow a contractor to\n\nenjoy the benefits of the LAUSD Agreement without complying with all of the Agreement's\n\nterms and conditions—namely the provision requiring resolution of jurisdictional disputes\n\nthrough arbitration.", "\n\n The Association contends that Jordan Interiors could \"subcontract the plastering work to\n\na contractor who employs workers represented by Plasterers Local 200 and the [Association]\"\n\nwithout violating any § 7 rights because the certification of representation extends only to the\n\nemployees and reassignment of work does not affect such representation. ", "Ass'n's Opp'n. ", "at 3-4.", "\n\nIn response, while admitting that such a remedy is possible, the Southwest Regional Council and\n\nthe Brotherhood of Carpenters again conflate the employees (i.e., the subject addressed by\n\ncertification) with the employees' work assignments (i.e., the subject addressed by jurisdiction),\n\nstating that this approach \"punishes Jordan Interiors' employees for having selected the\n\n[Southwest Regional Council] as their representative by forcing Jordan Interiors to take the\n\ndisputed work away from the [Southwest Regional Council]-represented employees and giving it\n\nto [Association]-represented employees.\" ", "Council's Reply at 13. ", "For several reasons the Brother\n\nof Carpenters' and the Southwest Regional Council's position fails. ", "First, as explained above, the\n\nnature of a representational dispute is different from a jurisdictional dispute and the latter may be\n\nresolved regardless of the certification of one union as a group of employees' exclusive\n\nrepresentative. ", "See Carey v. Westinghouse Elec. ", "Corp., 375 U.S. 261, 269 (1964) (explaining\n\nthat \"a [National Labor Relations] Board certification in a representation proceeding . . . ", "does not\n\nper se preclude the employer from adding to or subtracting from the employees' work\n\nassignments\"). ", "Second, because Jordan Interiors assumed contractual obligations with respect to\n\nthe LAUSD Agreement when it issued its October 22, 2009 letter of assent, they should be\n\n\n\n\n 16\n\frequired to fulfill these obligations. ", "Requiring Jordan Interiors to subcontract the disputed work\n\nwould hold Jordan Interiors to its contractual obligations and prevent Jordan Interiors from\n\nassuming contractual obligations that it had no intention of performing.", "\n\nA. Attorneys' Fees and Costs associated with Civil Action 09-cv-2212-RBW\n\n Article VII § 2(c) of the Jurisdictional Plan provides that a \"party seeking enforcement of\n\nan Arbitrator's decision . . . ", "due to the failure of another party to abide by the decision or ruling\n\nshall be reimbursed by the party failing to abide by the decision or ruling for any attorneys' fees,\n\ncourt costs and expenses incurred.\" ", "Ass'n's Ans., ", "Ex. ", "1 (Jurisdictional Plan) at 30. ", "Because the\n\nCourt has found that the parties to this dispute are bound to comply with the terms of the\n\nLAUSD Agreement and therefore also the Jurisdictional Plan in regard to the arbitration award,\n\nand given that it is undisputed that Jordan Interiors, the Southwest Regional Council, and the\n\nBrotherhood of Carpenters have failed to comply with Arbitrator Kelly's decision, Ass'n's Mot.,", "\n\nEx. ", "1 (Ass's Stmt. ", "of Facts) ¶ 26, the Court finds that the Association is entitled to an award of\n\nattorneys' fees and costs incurred in this action to enforce the arbitration award.", "\n\n IV. ", "CONCLUSION\n\n Because the LAUSD Agreement does not require a contractor like Jordan Interiors to\n\nrecognize the signatory local unions as the bargaining representative of its employees, the\n\ncertification of the Southwest Regional Council as the exclusive bargaining representative of the\n\nJordan Interiors employees did not prevent Jordan Interiors from entering into the LAUSD\n\nAgreement. ", "Thus, because Jordan Interiors executed a letter of assent binding itself to the\n\nLAUSD Agreement, it was required to make the work assignment on Project No. ", "7 pursuant to\n\nthe arbitration award issued by Arbitrator Kelly in accordance with the Jurisdictional Plan and\n\nassign the disputed work to workers represented by Plasterers Local 200. ", "Accordingly, the\n\n\n\n\n 17\n\fAssociation's motion for summary judgment is granted, and the United Brotherhood of\n\nCarpenters' and the Southwest Regional Council's cross-motion for summary judgment is denied.", "\n\nAdditionally, the Court finds that the Association is entitled to recover its attorneys' fees and\n\ncourt costs associated with its efforts to enforce Arbitrator Kelly's arbitration award. ", "10\n\n SO ORDERED this 1st day of December, 2011.", "\n\n\n\n REGGIE B. WALTON\n United States District Judge\n\n\n\n\n10\n The Court will issue an Order consistent with this Memorandum Opinion.", "\n\n\n\n 18\n\f" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "FreeLaw" }

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[ "Q:\n\nstd::initializer_list, braced initialization and header\n\nWhile reading about a different topic I came across a weird behaviour, at least to me.", "\nThis whole thought originated from the special interactions between auto and braces. ", "If you write something like:\nauto A = { 1, 2, 3 }\n\nthe compiler will deduce A to be a std::initializer_list. ", "The weird thing is that a similar rule applies not only to auto, where there can be special reasons for it, but also to other things.", "\nIf you write the following:\ntemplate<typename T>\nvoid f(std::vector<T> Vector)\n{\n // do something\n}\n\nyou can't of course call it in this way:\nf({ 1, 2, 3});\n\neven though a std::vector can be braced initialized. ", "However, if you substitute the std::vector with std::initializer_list, the call works and the compiler will properly deduce int as the type T. The more interesting thing is, however, that in the former case you need to #include <vector>, in the latter you don't need to #include <initializer_list>. ", "This made me think and after a test I realized somehow std::initializer_list don't need its own header, so it is in some way part of the \"base\" features.", "\nMoreover, for everything to make sense, std::initializer_list should be to standard objects in more or less the same way lambdas are to callable objects (in the strictest meaning, that is an object with a operator()). ", "In other words, unnamed braced definitions should default to std::initializer_list just like lambdas are (mostly) unnamed callable objects.", "\nIs this reasoning correct? ", "Moreover, can this behaviour be changed and, if so, how?", "\nUPDATE: the header for initializer_list was found to be included transitively from iostream (really weird). ", "However, the question remains: why the call works for std::initializer_list and not for std::vector?", "\n\nA:\n\nIt is ill-formed (so it requires a diagnostic) to not include the initializer_list header if we use std::initializer_list. ", "We can see this from [dcl.init.list]p2:\n\n... The template std::initializer_list is not predefined; if the header <initializer_list> is\n not included prior to a use of std::initializer_list — even an implicit use in which the type is not\n named (9.1.7.4) — the program is ill-formed.", "\n\nMostly likely you are including the header transitively, which is well-formed but makes your code more fragile, so include what you use.", "\nWe can see from a live godbolt example that having no includes we obtain a diagnostic as required from gcc/clang/MSVC e.g.:\nerror: use of undeclared identifier 'std' \nvoid foo( std::initializer_list<int>) {\n ^\n\nand including either <vector> or <iostream> we no longer obtain a diagnostic.", "\nWhy it does not deduce as you expect is covered by [temp.deduct.type]p5 which tells us this is a non-deduced context:\n\nThe non-deduced contexts are:\n ...\n - A function parameter for which the associated argument is an initializer list ([dcl.init.list]) but the parameter does not have a type for which deduction from an initializer list is specified ([temp.deduct.call]).", ">\n [ Example:\ntemplate<class T> void g(T);\ng({1,2,3}); // error: no argument deduced for T\n\n— end example  ]\n ...\n\nalso see [temp.deduct.call]p1:\n\n... Otherwise, an initializer list argument causes the parameter to be considered a non-deduced context ([temp.deduct.type]) ...\n\n" ]

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[ "The invention concerns a process for the mixing of gases, particularly for installations for the treatment of workpieces with the aid of plasma discharges, such as glow discharges, whereby the gases are introduced in corresponding amounts by way of metering valves into a mixing chamber, whenever the pressure in said mixing chamber drops below a predetermined value: the mixture of gases being passed from the mixing chamber to a consumer.", "\nGas mixing installations for small volumes of gas, such as those needed for the treatment of workpieces by means of glow discharge, may be readily constructed with the aid of the flow meters and needle valves or flow regulators. ", "Herein, however, the accuracy and reproducibility of the mixing ratio that may be attained presents a problem: these values are low. ", "In case of a varying rate of removal of the gas, the mixing ratio is not constant. ", "Furthermore, any change in the mixture must be adjusted manually during the operational flow of the gas, in keeping with the indication of the flow meter." ]

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[ "Q:\n\nWhat is the difference between мои зовут and меня зовут?", "\n\nWhen saying what my name is, which one should I use and why?", "\n\nA:\n\nYou should use меня зовут.", "\nLiteral translation:\nменя зовут -> they call me\nмои зовут -> my [who?] ", "call - doesn't make sense here\n\nA:\n\nThere are some exceptions, but, as a rule, in absence of prepositions, when you translate \"X foobars Y with Z\", X is in nominative, Y is in accusative, Z is in instrumental.", "\nIn \"they call me\", \"me\" is Y, so you need accusative of \"я\", which is \"меня\".", "\n\"мои\" is plural of \"my\" or \"mine\" and I don't understand why you think it applies here.", "\n\n" ]

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[ "This site is operated by a business or businesses owned by Informa PLC and all copyright resides with them. ", "Informa PLC's registered office is 5 Howick Place, London SW1P 1WG. ", "Registered in England and Wales. ", "Number 8860726.", "\n\nDRAM Prices Set to Fall\n\n“Wait until next year,” is a slogan often used by baseball teams that failed to have winning seasons. ", "However, it is also a phrase that that could offer some solace to memory chip buyers who have seen steep price increases for DRAM this year.", "\n\nAverage prices for DRAM are rising, and will finish 2018 increasing 38% after rising 81% in 2017, according to researcher IC Insights. ", "The good news for DRAM buyers is that capacity is being added and will ramp up later this year and in 2019—resulting in more supply and falling prices.", "\n\nThe added capacity coupled with little growth in unit demand will result in “DRAM transitioning very quickly from shortage to oversupply,” said Jim Handy, general director and semiconductor analyst at research firm Objective-Analysis based in Los Gatos, Calif. DRAM prices will fall as a result, although there is a difference of opinion on how much.", "\n\n“Prices are going to collapse by 68%,” said Handy. ", "The average price per gigabyte for DRAM will fall from $7.07 in 2018 to $2.57, he said.", "\n\nHowever, other researchers forecast more modest price declines. ", "The average price of DRAM will fall 6% next year and 14% in 2020, according to IC Insights.", "\n\nHandy said the major DRAM manufacturers—Samsung, SK Hynix and Micron—actually began adding capacity last year and have boosted capital spending and continue to increase production capacity this year. “", "However, it usually takes about two years from the time they commit to add capacity to when new capacity hits full production volume,” he explained. ", "So that means there will be more capacity coming online toward the end of this year and in 2019.", "\n\nNot all new capacity will be due to DRAM manufacturers building new production lines or fabs. ", "DRAM supply will also increase because of the transition occurring with NAND flash memory, said Handy. ", "Memory IC manufacturers build both DRAM and NAND flash.", "\n\nMemory chipmakers are transitioning from planar NAND to 3D NAND because 3D NAND has the potential to offer higher capacity in a smaller space. ", "It will lower the cost per gigabyte, cut power consumption, improve reliability, and provide higher data write performance, according to memory IC suppliers.", "\n\nThe ramp up of 3D NAND was slow, but manufacturers have “overcome obstacles and 3D DRAM is now ramping to the kind of production volumes that they were expecting,” said Handy.", "\n\nProduction lines that used to make planar NAND will either be shut down “or converted to something else,” he added. “", "That something else most likely will be DRAM. ", "It is easy to transition from planar NAND to DRAM. ", "It only takes a couple weeks.”", "\n\nThe good news for DRAM buyers is that while DRAM supply will increase in late 2018 and in 2019, unit demand will not increase much. ", "Unit demand will increase about 3% this year, according to Susie Inouye, research director and founder of Databeans, based in Reno, Nev. She said demand should be similar in 2019 as well. ", "That means the market will no longer be undersupplied. ", "In fact, supply should outpace demand in 2019.", "\n\nDRAM demand has traditionally been driven by PCs, including desktops and portable computers. ", "However, sales of PCs are sluggish and much of DRAM demand now is being driven by servers for cloud computing that run graphics, video, and artificial intelligence applications, said Brian Matas, vice president of market research for IC Insights, based in Scottsdale, Ariz. Such servers require large amounts of memory. “", "Companies that are using the servers—the Amazons, the eBays, the Facebooks the big data centers, and others—are willing to pay for the servers and the memory,” he notes, adding that they are not concerned about the price.", "\n\n“Another big application is cell phones, because cell phones are starting to be crammed with a lot of DRAM for some of the same reasons as servers—that is, artificial intelligence and the 3D gaming applications,” Matas added.", "\n\nDespite demand from server and cell phone manufacturers, the DRAM market should be oversupplied in 2019. ", "The other good news for DRAM buyers is that there could be more competition in the DRAM industry in the next several years.", "\n\nSeveral Chinese companies were expecting to begin trial production of DRAMs in the second half of this year, according to Taiwan-based memory industry researcher DRAMeXchange. ", "However, buyers will have to wait until next year before production volumes of DRAMs are produced by Chinese manufacturers.", "\n\nThe global DRAM market will surpass $100 billion in 2018, but then decline before rebounding in 2022." ]

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[ "The Marine Museum at Fall River is a cultural gem and contains a wealth of Fall River Maritime History especially Steam Ship and Titanic memorabilia. ", "Discover the art, books, models and many treasures the Marine Museum holds. ", "This is a must see\n...\n\nThe Marine Museum at Fall River is a cultural gem and contains a wealth of Fall River Maritime History especially Steam Ship and Titanic memorabilia. ", "Discover the art, books, models and many treasures the Marine Museum holds. ", "This is a must see resource for landlubbers and mariners alike.", "\n\nCarol Gafford is a public librarian, family historian, amateur archivist and book savior. ", "She is currently the youth services/outreach librarian at the Swansea Public Library and volunteers for several museum and historical societies including the Marine Museum at Fall River, the Swansea Historical Society and the Bristol Historical and Preservation society. ", "She is the editor of Past Times, the Massachusetts Society of Genealogists and is always looking for a new project to take on.", "\n\nAfter more than a decade of steadily intriguing work, 2013 should be the year when Springfield's Fear Nuttin' Band finally breaks through to national success. ", "The reggae sextet released their third album, \"Vibes Love Revolution\" on Election Day, and it debuted at number two on the ITunes reggae charts and number eight on the Billboard reggae charts.", "\n\nLast Friday night Fear Nuttin' Band headlined the Brighton Music Hall, keeping a diverse crowd of about 150 fans dancing and celebrating for more than 90 minutes with their unusual blend of reggae, metal-rock guitars, and hip-hop. ", "Fear Nuttin' Band is scheduled to play Club 58 in Quincy on January 26.", "\n\nLike many fans, we became aware of Fear Nuttin' around 2008, with their \"Yardcore\" album on the Bodog Records label. ", "That imprint, which also had the Wu Tang Clan at the time, went belly up almost simultaneously with the albums' release, which meant no promotional push at all. ", "But the sextet, which began in 2001, kept working, often on combination shows with their good pals, the Washington, D.C. reggae band Soja. ", "By 2011, their second album, \"Move Positive,\" with some songs co-written with Soja members, was helping raise their profile, along with a steady touring schedule and a reputation for outstandingly steamy live shows.", "\n\nThe new album, like its predecessor, is on the band's own label, Boom Blaze Records, and was produced by Fear Nuttin' Band guitarist/keyboardist Chris Regan. ", "The core of the band, Regan, guitarist Jay Chung, and bassist Brian Daigle, grew up together in Enfield, Connecticut, just outside Springfield, and were playing in various rock bands together from their freshman year of high school.", "\n\n\"Jay is actually from Jamaica, so he's the one who originally got us all into reggae,\" said Regan after Friday's concert. \"", "We liked it and got more and more into it. ", "How can you not like reggae?\"", "\n\nThe band's initial stages were still rock with reggae flavorings until 2001, when their vocalist left, and they decided to replace him with two Jamaican singers, known as Roosta and Prowla. ", "Both of the singers are as adept at reggae and soul as they are at hip-hop verses, so Fear Nuttin' Band became an incredible amalgamation of reggae, rock, metal, hip-hop, and soul.", "\n\nDrummer Mike Fuchs is the newest member, replacing the original timekeeper, who left about two years ago. ", "In true grassroots fashion, the band found Fuchs on the internet, mainly because he was such a huge fan of their music.", "\n\n\"We found these amazing clips of him on YouTube,\" said Regan, \"and he was right there in the Springfield area, so it was a natural fit.\"", "\n\nFear Nuttin' Band opened their Friday night show the same way the new album opens, with the musical mixmaster titled \"Fear Nuttin',\" which veers from a hip-hop intro to metal rock guitars with a thunderous reggae beat. ", "That sort of stylistic variety was a part of the whole night, as the next song, \"Vibes,\" utilized numerous tempo shifts as it traversed punk-rock/metal to smooth soul. ", "By the time the band went into \"Move Positive\" the focus had chagned to old style, dancehall reggae--although with crunching guitar lines.", "\n\nChung was celebrating his birthday last weekend, and he sang the lead on the lilting reggae/r&b love ballad \"Just Your Love,' displaying an admirable ability to shift between sweet tenor and falsetto vocals. ", "Classic reggae fans may have preferred \"It's Not So Easy,\" a midtempo number that evoked Bob Marley. ", "But then a bit later, dub met hip-hop with the two lead vocalists trading verses on \"Lost.\"", "\n\nThe easy reggae groove of \"Rebel\" showed immediately why that tune has become one the band's most popular live tunes. ", "But it was more like metal/trip-hop when Fear Nuttin' swung into \"Friend for the Longest Time.\" ", "The song titled \"So Regular\" is a hypnotic reggae piece which sort of decries the way most people are determined to be unexceptional.", "\n\nThat revered old dancehall style came to the fore again in the delightfully lilting \"Fears,\" wherein the singers suggest folks \"throw your fears into the ocean.\" ", "The unlikely reggae/metal synthesis was never better than on \"Champagne,\" where Daigle's bass beat made it seem like a three-guitar summit. ", "The tone shifted a bit to metallic crunch for \"If I Ruled the World,\" where again the dual vocals worked well, as call-and-response here, or as contrast-then-harmony there.", "\n\nFear Nuttin' Band's title cut from the new album, \"Vibes Love Revolution,\" was another gloriously lilting bit of reggae at first, which then morphed into increasingly driving, even piledriving, rock by the time it finished with the audience dancing and yelping joyously. ", "A more rock-oriented march through \"Fear Nuttin'\" finished the night in swirl of heated passion.", "\n\nIf anyone felt reggae was tepid or laidback music, they probably have never heard the Fear Nuttin' Band. ", "All the blended--and sometimes clashing--styles can be dizzying, but all those fiery elements are done over a classic reggae foundation, and it's going to get you up and moving. ", "Ya mon." ]

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[ "#!", "r6rs\n\n(library (tests r6rs eval)\n (export run-eval-tests)\n (import (rnrs)\n (rnrs eval)\n (tests r6rs test))\n\n (define (run-eval-tests)\n\n (test (eval '(let ((x 3)) x)\n (environment '(rnrs)))\n 3)\n\n (test (eval\n '(eval:car (eval:cons 2 4))\n (environment\n '(prefix (only (rnrs) car cdr cons null?)", "\n eval:)))\n 2)\n\n ;; Check that `eval' at compile-time produces values (such as conditions)\n ;; that make sense at compile time (i.e., no phase crossing):\n (test (eval\n '(let-syntax ([x (lambda (stx)\n (datum->syntax\n #'here\n (condition-message\n (call/cc\n (lambda (esc)\n (with-exception-handler\n (lambda (exn) (esc exn))\n (lambda ()\n (eval '(assertion-violation 'exptime \"ok\")\n (environment\n '(rnrs)\n '(rnrs eval))))))))))])\n x)\n (environment '(rnrs) '(for (rnrs eval) expand)))\n \"ok\")\n\n ;;\n ))\n\n" ]

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[ "Strewn Winery\n\nStrewn Winery is a small winery in Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario, Canada. ", "It was established in 1997 by winemaker Joe Will and his wife, food writer Jane Langdon. ", " It is located on the former site of the Niagara Canning Company.", "\n\nThe winery produces a selection of VQA certified wines using grapes grown in its own vineyard as well as other vineyards in the Niagara Peninsula. ", "Strewn uses Merlot, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Riesling, Chardonnay, Sauvignon blanc, Gewürztraminer, Pinot blanc and Vidal grapes. ", "In addition to traditional wines, they also produce sweeter late harvest and ice wines.", "\n\nWines are produced under three different labels. ", "Their very best wines are labelled Strewn Terroir, including their red Strewn Three meritage. ", "Their general wines are simply labelled Strewn.", "\n\nThe 2017 Strewn Barrel Aged Chardonnay won a silver medal at the 2019 Ontario Wine Awards\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nWinery Official Website\nCooking School Official Website\nRestaurant Official Website\n\nCategory:Companies established in 1997\nCategory:Wineries of the Niagara Peninsula\nCategory:Niagara-on-the-Lake" ]

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[ "Charge shuttle as a nanomechanical rectifier.", "\nWe consider the charge shuttle proposed by Gorelik et al. ", "driven by a time-dependent voltage bias. ", "In the case of asymmetric setup, the system behaves as a rectifier. ", "For pure ac drive, the rectified current shows a rather rich frequency dependent response characterized by frequency locking at fractional values of the external frequency. ", "Because of the nonlinear dynamics of the shuttle, rectification is present also for very low frequencies. ", "These effects could be useful to unveil the internal dynamics of nanomechanical devices." ]

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[ "Q:\n\nDouble Number Program Unexpected Values\n\nAbout the Program\nThe program takes a number the user entered and outputs that number doubled. ", "I created two functions, one that gathers the number (getnumber), and another that doubles it (doublenumber). ", "The program does work properly; however, the output is not completely accurate.", "\nThe Problem\nThe output is only right partially. ", "I.e the user enters 50, the value is doubled and the output should be 100. ", "Instead, the value outputs as 100114. ", "Only the first few numbers seem to be what I want.", "\nSource Code:\n#include <iostream>\n\nvoid doublenumber(int&);\nvoid getnumber(int&);\n\nint main() {\n\nint value;\n\ngetnumber(value);\ndoublenumber(value);\n\nstd::cin.get();\nstd::cin.get();\n\nreturn 0;\n}\n\nvoid doublenumber(int &refvar) {\n\n refvar*= 2;\n std::cout << \"\\nThe value you entered doubled is: \" << refvar << '.\\n';\n\n}\n\nvoid getnumber(int &userNum) {\n\n std::cout << \"\\nEnter a number to double: \";\n std::cin >> userNum;\n}\n\nA:\n\nstd::cout << \"\\nThe value you entered doubled is: \" << refvar << '.\\n';\n ^^^^^\n |\n multicharacter literal\n\nIt's a multicharacter literal, and has a type of int.", "\n\nC++11 §2.13.2 Character literals\nA character literal is one or more characters enclosed in single quotes, as in ’x’, optionally preceded by the letter L, as in L’x’. ", "A character literal that does not begin with L is an ordinary character literal, also referred to as a narrow-character literal. ", "An ordinary character literal that contains a single c-char has type char, with value equal to the numerical value of the encoding of the c-char in the execution character set. ", "An ordinary character literal that contains more than one c-char is a multicharacter literal. ", "A multicharacter literal has type int and implementation-defined value.", "\n\nCheck out this post: Why does this code with '1234' compile in C++?.", "\n\n" ]

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\"Objective-C 2.0 support was %select{disabled|enabled}0 in PCH file but is currently %select{disabled|enabled}1\", 0, true, 0)\nDIAG(warn_pch_opencl, CLASS_ERROR, diag::MAP_ERROR, \"OpenCL language extensions were %select{disabled|enabled}0 in PCH file but are currently %select{disabled|enabled}1\", 0, true, 0)\nDIAG(warn_pch_optimize, CLASS_ERROR, diag::MAP_ERROR, \"the macro '__OPTIMIZE__' was %select{not defined|defined}0 in the PCH file but is currently %select{undefined|defined}1\", 0, true, 0)\nDIAG(warn_pch_optimize_size, CLASS_ERROR, diag::MAP_ERROR, \"the macro '__OPTIMIZE_SIZE__' was %select{not defined|defined}0 in the PCH file but is currently %select{undefined|defined}1\", 0, true, 0)\nDIAG(warn_pch_pic_level, CLASS_ERROR, diag::MAP_ERROR, \"PCH file was compiled with PIC level %0, but the current translation unit will be compiled with PIC level %1\", 0, true, 0)\nDIAG(warn_pch_posix_threads, CLASS_ERROR, diag::MAP_ERROR, \"PCH file was compiled %select{without|with}0 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target '%1'\", 0, true, 0)\nDIAG(warn_pch_thread_safe_statics, CLASS_ERROR, diag::MAP_ERROR, \"PCH file was compiled %select{without|with}0 thread-safe statics but thread-safe statics are currently %select{disabled|enabled}1\", 0, true, 0)\nDIAG(warn_pch_version_too_new, CLASS_ERROR, diag::MAP_ERROR, \"PCH file uses a newer PCH format that cannot be read\", 0, true, 0)\nDIAG(warn_pch_version_too_old, CLASS_ERROR, diag::MAP_ERROR, \"PCH file uses an older PCH format that is no longer supported\", 0, true, 0)\nDIAG(warn_unknown_warning_option, CLASS_WARNING, diag::MAP_WARNING, \"unknown warning option '%0'\", \"unknown-warning-option\", true, 0)\nDIAG(warn_unknown_warning_specifier, CLASS_WARNING, diag::MAP_WARNING, \"unknown %0 warning specifier: '%1'\", \"unknown-warning-option\", true, 0)\n" ]

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[ "Abstract\n\nIn 1999 Northumbria University published a strategy document entitled \"Towards the web‑enabled University\". ", "This prefaced an assessment of need and of available platforms for developing online teaching and learning which, in turn, led in 2001 to the roll out and institution‑wide adoption of the Blackboard Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) now referred to as our eLearning Platform or eLP. ", "Within a very few years we had over 90% take‑up by academic staff and the eLP had become integral to the learning of virtually all our students. ", "What has always been relatively easy to measure has been the number of users, frequency of use, number of courses, levels of technological infrastructure, etc. ", "However, with the publication of the Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE) e learning strategy in 2005 it became apparent that such quantitative data was not particularly helpful in measuring how the university matched onto the 10‑year aspirations of that document and its measures of success. ", "Consequently an on‑going exploration was embarked upon to try to measure where we were and what we should prioritise in order to embed e‑learning, as envisaged within the HEFCE strategy. ", "This involved a number of key approaches: The measures were broken down into manageable sizes, creating sixteen measures in all with descriptors for \"full achievement\" through to \"no progress to date\" with suggested sources of information which would support the description. ", "A series of interviews with key staff were set up in which they were asked to rank where they felt the university stood against each measure and what evidence would support their views. ", "An academic staff survey was developed on‑line which invited staff to explore a number of statements based around the HEFCE criteria and express degrees of agreement. ", "This was followed up by a range of face‑to‑face interviews. ", "An online student survey was developed and students were asked to express degrees of agreement with these. ", "Student responses were followed up with an independent student focus group exploring issues in greater depth. ", "The outcomes of the three approaches were then combined and an interim report prepared which identified strengths and areas for further development. ", "Some of the latter are already being addressed. ", "Subsequently, the university joined phase 2 of a national benchmarking e‑learning in Higher Education exercise, running from May to December 2007, supported by the Higher Education Academy (HEA) and the Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC). ", "During this exercise we engaged in a deeper exploration against a wider set of criteria, based upon the \"Pick & Mix\" (Bacsich, 2007) methodology. ", "Pick&Mix comprises 20 core criteria and the option of a number of supplementary criteria. ", "Through these approaches we will be able to set a baseline for where we currently are and it will allow us to revisit criteria later to measure our progress in those areas we identify for development. ", "This paper shares methodologies used, identifies key outcomes and reflects upon those outcomes from both an institutional and sectoral perspective.", "\n\nAbstract\n\nBlended learning is a pedagogy that is sometimes heralded as the answer to some of the problems which part time students face. ", "Creating a module for part‑time students with some e‑learning elements is time consuming and resource intensive. ", "Therefore it must be demonstrated that the investment in such innovations will benefit the students and create wider learning opportunities in the most effective manner. ", "A small investigation has been conducted which has looked at the learning needs of part‑time finance students at The University of Winchester to see whether a blended approach would have benefited their studies. ", "The results of this investigation have been used as the basis for developing the course to allow a more blended style. ", "This paper attempts to outline how the course was designed and to do a preliminary analysis of the use of blended learning for part‑time mature finance students.", "\n\nAbstract\n\nYouTube, Podcasting, Blogs, Wikis and RSS are buzz words currently associated with the term Web 2.0 and represent a shifting pedagogical paradigm for the use of a new set of tools within education. ", "The implication here is a possible shift from the basic archetypical vehicles used for (e)learning today (lecture notes, printed material, PowerPoint, websites, animation) towards a ubiquitous user‑centric, user‑content generated and user‑ guided experience. ", "It is not sufficient to use online learning and teaching technologies simply for the delivery of content to students. ", "A new \"Learning Ecology\" is present where these Web 2.0 technologies can be explored for collaborative and (co)creative purposes as well as for the critical assessment, evaluation and personalization of information. ", "Web 2.0 technologies provide educators with many possibilities for engaging students in desirable practices such as collaborative content creation, peer assessment and motivation of students through innovative use of media. ", "These can be used in the development of authentic learning tasks and enhance the learning experience. ", "However in order for a new learning tool, be it print, multimedia, blog, podcast or video, to be adopted, educators must be able to conceptualize the possibilities for use within a concrete framework. ", "This paper outlines some possible strategies for educators to incorporate the use of some of these Web 2.0 technologies into the student learning experience.", "\n\nAbstract\n\nAddressing the problems of bullying in schools, this paper presents a novel and highly innovative pedagogical approach, building on the immersive power of virtual role‑play. ", "Educational role‑play is widely accepted as a powerful instrument to change attitudes and behaviour, but faces some difficulties and disadvantages when applied to sensitive social issues in the classroom. ", "This paper shows how the FearNot! ", "software application, developed within the scope of the EU‑funded projects VICTEC (Virtual ICT with Empathic Characters) and eCIRCUS (Education through Characters with emotional‑Intelligence and Role‑playing Capabilities that Understand Social interaction) uses virtual role‑play and autonomous agents to provide children aged eight to eleven years of age with the opportunity to visit a virtual school environment populated by 3D animated synthetic characters that engage in bullying episodes. ", "The characters' actions and the storyline are created as improvised dramas by use of emergent narrative, resulting in unscripted and highly believable interaction experiences for the learner. ", "While the students are spectators to the bullying episodes that unfold among the FearNot! ", "characters, the victimised character starts a conversation with the student in between the episodes, describing their experiences with bullying and how they feel as a result to it, and asking the student for advice. ", "The aim of this approach and particularly of this interaction sequence in between the virtual bullying episodes is to sensitise primary school students to the potential problems that victims of persistent aggressive behaviour are facing: By triggering an empathic relationship between learners and characters, learners understand and vicariously feel into the plight of the victimised character. ", "Empirical evidence from bullying research implies that bullies are regularly reinforced by bystanders that witness the bullying and turn their attention to it, but do not actively intervene to end it (Craig & Pepler 1996; Lean 1998; Salmivalli 1999; Hawkins et al. ", "2001). ", "Hence, this intervention strategy targets these bystanders to stand up to the bully and help the victim, due to their heightened awareness and sensitivity to the grave consequences victims face. ", "Preliminary evaluation results indicate that the children were willing to immerse themselves in the virtual drama and that they empathically engage with the characters, attributing a range of emotions to the characters depending on the events that happen within the respective scenario. ", "An ongoing long‑term intervention in school in the UK and Germany covers several interactions with the software over a ten week period of time.", "\n\nAbstract\n\nWeb‑enabled technology is now being applied on a large scale. ", "In this paper we look at open access provision of teaching and learning leading to many users with varying patterns and motivations for use. ", "This has provided us with a research challenge to find methods that help us understand and explain such initiatives. ", "We describe ways to model the research and identify where pressures and contradictions can be found, drawing on a reflective view of our own practice in performing the research. ", "Open educational resources are defined as technology‑enabled educational resources that are openly available for consultation, use and adaptation by users for non‑commercial purposes (UNESCO, 2002). ", "OpenLearn is one of the largest of such initiatives and is committed to the provision of open educational resources for all. ", "It is being developed by The Open University and is primarily sponsored by the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation. ", "It provides users with over 4 200 hours of higher educational material drawn from Open University courses. ", "Other learning tools such as discussion forums, video conferencing, and knowledge mapping software are also available to the user. ", "In this paper we aim to introduce OpenLearn and outline some of the main research issues surrounding such an initiative. ", "We seek to explore theoretical and practical approaches that can provide suitable tools for analysis. ", "Activity theory is seen as a suitable approach for macro analysis and its use is illustrated in terms of the complexity of large scale research. ", "Activity theory, besides informing research perspectives, can be turned in upon the research process itself allowing us to consider the challenges and context of the research. ", "By using activity theory in this way and illustrating from a range of practical approaches we demonstrate and illustrate a useful research approach.", "\n\nAbstract\n\ne‑Learning implementation is an area in progress that continues to evolve with time and further research. ", "Researchers in the field argue that e‑Learning is still in its infancy, resulting into numerous implementation strategies across a wide e‑Learning spectrum. ", "This paper explores the e‑Learning state of art. ", "It provides a general overview of the learning process, evaluates some current implementation trends pointing out a range of frameworks and strategies used in the past decade. ", "It further looks at the changes created by the adoption of e‑Learning within the higher education process. ", "This is followed by an identification of emerging issues from which two problems are identified; 1) the limited uptake of technology as an instruction delivery method; and 2) the ineffective use of technology to support learning. ", "In respect to this, future research should therefore seek to further investigate these aspects and to explore suitable approaches for effective implementation of e‑Learning to support learning. ", "Not the least in higher education contexts.", "\n\nAbstract\n\nNumerous stakeholders in the field of education have been working on the development and extent of the use of ICT in different learning communities (higher education, vocational training) and in different multicultural contexts thanks also to EU funding opportunities. ", "In this framework, they have participated in the building of various cross‑national teaching and learning models. ", "The strategies which supported the development of such educational projects introducing online teaching and learning activities in the framework of European projects generally rely on the basic premise of the homogeneity of the educational systems likely to be used, and according to similar methods, the resources and training devices with ICT. ", "This can lead to the negation of potential discrepancies, particularly cultural ones, in educational systems. ", "The aim of this paper is to analyse the concept of \"quality in online education within European Online Academic Education's context\", how this concept takes shape and how it becomes — or not — part of teaching and learning practices. ", "We decided to focus our attention on the concept of \"quality\" to understand the eventual impact of the cultural factor on the developing scenario of virtual education because this concept seems to be particularly revealing if we take into consideration its \"open nature\". ", "The increasing number of virtual campuses reveals how common the development of teaching modules are nowadays together with complete degrees based on inter‑university and transnational collaborations with the aim of transferring learning objects from one educational context to another. ", "Virtual mobility is thus becoming a reality for a greater number of students. ", "However, the multicultural dimension of these new environments has not been investigated yet and in particular the notion of \"online teaching quality\" is still under‑exploited. ", "This paper intends to provide a review of current works on Online Education Quality Measurement in general focusing on the investigation of Cultural Impact on Quality issues. ", "At the same time this paper intends to shift the attention from students' to teachers' perception of quality and consequently on the possible different evaluation frameworks used within the same context: European Online Education. ", "The paper is part of a PhD research aimed at exploring the impact of cultural dimensions on the design of online courses offered by universities from different European areas. ", "The research notably aims to reveal differences between online courses' models, in order to uncover which one of them can be connected to the cultural dimension they belong to.", "\n\nAbstract\n\nTraining is one of the basic means of human resources development in business organizations, aiming to motivate employees, to develop their potential and to help them perform better. ", "The end of the 20th century has seen the advent of globalisation and the diffusion of new information and communication technologies. ", "Businesses have to change and adapt to the requirements of the new knowledge‑based and skill‑based economy. ", "Facing pressures from an increasingly competitive business environment, small and medium‑sized enterprises (SMEs) are called upon to implement strategies that are enabled and supported by information technologies and e‑business applications in order to compete with others' organizations. ", "One of these applications is e‑Learning, whose aim is to enable the continuous assimilation of knowledge and skills by managers and employees, and thus support organisational training and development efforts through the use of the Internet and Web technologies. ", "Little is known however as to the level of awareness of e‑Learning in SMEs and as to the actual role played by e‑Learning with regard to these firms' training needs. ", "A multiple case study of sixteen SMEs in the Atlantic region of Canada, including twelve that use e‑Learning with varying degrees of intensity, was designed to explore this question. ", "We observed the firms' training process, identifying to what extent the SMEs know and use e‑Learning, and to what extent e‑Learning meets their training needs." ]

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[ "Registration Panel\n\nEvent Serial-97990\n\nContact Person-\nConference Coordinator\n\nEvent enquiries email address-\ninfo@iser.co\n\nDeadline for abstracts/proposals:\n2019-07-01\n\nOrganized by:\nISER\n\nVenue:\nHongkong, Hongkong,\nHong Kong\n\nAbout Event\n\nISER- 637th International Conference on Physical Education and Sport Science (ICPESS) is a prestigious event organized with a motivation to provide an excellent international platform for the academicians, researchers, engineers, industrial participants and budding students around the world to SHARE their research findings with the global experts. ", "ICPESS 2019 will be held in Hong Kong on 9th-10th August, 2019." ]

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[ "Trauma and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a report of 78 patients.", "\nThis was a controlled study to assess the possible role of mechanical trauma in the pathogenesis of some cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). ", "Questionnaires were sent to 181 patients with ALS who had developed the disease before age 45. ", "Among the 135 respondents 78 (58%) reported having sustained injuries severe enough to have required medical attention prior to the onset of their motor neuron illness. ", "Fifty nine (76%) of the ALS patients reporting an earlier trauma had incurred an injury to the head, neck, shoulder and/or arm. ", "For controls, we used the 85 patients with multiple sclerosis who responded to the questionnaires sent them. ", "The findings of this investigation add further evidence that a former injury may be important in the etiology of some cases of ALS developing early in life." ]

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[ "Q:\n\nHow does gcc handle file permissions?", "\n\nThe executable files that gcc creates have execution permissions\n-rwxrwxr-x\n\nwhich are different than the permissions that the source file has. ", "\n-rw-rw-r--\n\nHow does gcc set these permissions ? ", "\n\nA:\n\nFour things intervene to determine the permission of a file.", "\n\nWhen an application creates a file, it specifies a set of initial permissions. ", "These initial permissions are passed as an argument of the system call that creates the file (open for regular files, mkdir for directories, etc.).", "\nThe permissions are masked with the umask, which is an attribute of the running process. ", "The umask indicates permission bits that are removed from the permissions specified by the application. ", "For example, an umask of 022 removes the group-write and other-write permission. ", "An umask of 007 leaves the group-write permission but makes the file completely off-limits to others.", "\nThe permissions may be modified further by access control lists. ", "I won't discuss these further in this post.", "\nThe application may call chmod explicitly to change the permissions to whatever it wants. ", "The user who owns a file can set its permissions freely.", "\n\nSome popular choices of permission sets for step 1 are:\n\n666 (i.e. read and write for everybody) for a regular file.", "\n600 (i.e. read and write, only for the owner) for a regular file that must be remain private (e.g. an email, or a temporary file).", "\n777 (i.e. read, write and execute for everybody) for a directory, or for an executable regular file.", "\n\nIt's the umask that causes files not to be world-readable even though applications can and usually do include the others-write permission in the file creation permissions.", "\nIn the case of gcc, the output file is first created with permissions 666 (masked by the umask), then later chmod'ed to make it executable. ", "Gcc could create an executable directly, but doesn't: it only makes the file executable when it's finished writing it, so that you don't risk starting to execute the program while it's incomplete.", "\n\n" ]

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[ "That which patients bring to analysis.", "\nIn this paper it is suggested that patients bring to analysis their damaged inner objects, and not only themselves, to undergo reparation because they are unable to do it. ", "Stress is put on the very complex mechanisms used to keep damaged and dying inner objects alive whilst waiting for help to come. ", "The contrast between concrete repair and psychic reparation appears to be very important and the defences necessitated by failed reparation efforts are described. ", "Failed reparation manoeuvres must not be confused with resulting defences. ", "Examples are given for various levels of personality organizations and pathology, including neurotic, borderline, psychotic, psychosomatic and hypochondriacal patients. ", "A group of six neurotic patients is included." ]

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[ "One thought that the right should consider more deeply: is the whole idea of a \"conservative movement\" an oxymoron? ", "Austin Bramwell, whose piece I linked to before, thinks movements are overrated. ", "I guess I'm relieved when I read someone else who actually seems to have understood a little about Oakeshott:\n\nMichael Oakeshott...characterized conservatism as a mere dispositiona theory that negates the very possibility of a conservative “movement.” ", "But Oakeshott wrote precisely in reaction to the more ideological understandings of conservatism like those the movement was beginning to develop in America. ", "The conservative movement continues to pay lip service to Oakeshott, but his theory of conservatism, if accepted, would fatally undermine the rationale for having a movement in the first place. ", "The practical, “cash value” of every other theory of conservatism is that the movement should pursue this or that set of goals and not others.", "\n\nIn short, conservatism is not a philosophy or approach to political affairs that inspires the set of institutions known as the conservative movement. ", "Rather, the conservative movement is a set of institutions that inspires the ideology known as conservatism. ", "In the absence of a movement, the felt need to develop a coherent understanding of conservatism would evaporate.", "\n\nOf course, the movement is not going anywhere and debates as to the meaning of conservatism will continue. ", "Suppose, however, one agrees with this or that position closely associated with the movement. ", "Does it follow that one should engage in movement-building activities? ", "No. ", "Non-movement conservatives have arguably done more to advance conservative ideas and without the burden of fitting them into an ideological system or wondering how they may affect their standing within an ideological movement.", "\n\nA non-movement conservative by definition has no meaningful affiliation with movement conservative institutions. ", "He may not even care whether others call him a “conservative.” (", "Indeed, movement conservatives may be quick to denounce him.) ", "But that needn’t limit his influence. ", "On the contrary, consider the impact of these notable non-movement conservatives going back to the era of the movement’s founding." ]

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[ "Resources by Nathan Rose\n\nNathan Rose, a Regular Contributor to For The Church, is the senior pastor of Liberty Baptist Church in Liberty, Missouri and a National Replanting Catalyst with NAMB. ", "His love for the local church propels all he does, including his current pursuit of a PhD in Historical Theology at Midwestern Baptist Theological Seminary. ", "He and his wife, Rachel, have three young children. ", "You can can connect with him on Twitter at @nathanrose33.", "\n\nAs a pastor, I am constantly faced with deciding between what is urgent and what is important. ", "Too often, they are not the same. ", "So what guides me in making daily decisions? ", "How do I plan out my week to ensure I am not sacrificing the most important tasks for the urgent ones?" ]

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[ "Moolack Mountain (Idaho)\n\nMoolack Mountain, also sometimes referred to as Baron Peak North, at above sea level is a peak in the Sawtooth Range of Idaho. ", "The peak is located in the Sawtooth Wilderness of Sawtooth National Recreation Area in Boise County. ", "The peak is located west of Mount Limbert, its line parent, and northwest of Baron Peak.", "\n\nReferences \n\nCategory:Mountains of Boise County, Idaho\nCategory:Mountains of Idaho\nCategory:Sawtooth Wilderness" ]

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[ "//\n// Utilities.h\n// CloudLearning\n//\n// Created by Erica Sadun on 7/8/11.", "\n// Copyright 2011 Up To No Good, Inc. All rights reserved.", "\n//\n\n#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>\n\n#define COOKBOOK_PURPLE_COLOR [UIColor colorWithRed:0.20392f green:0.19607f blue:0.61176f alpha:1.0f]\n#define BARBUTTON(TITLE, SELECTOR) [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:TITLE style:UIBarButtonItemStylePlain target:self action:SELECTOR]\n#define SAFE_PERFORM_WITH_ARG(THE_OBJECT, THE_SELECTOR, THE_ARG) (([THE_OBJECT respondsToSelector:THE_SELECTOR]) ? [", "THE_OBJECT performSelector:THE_SELECTOR withObject:THE_ARG] : nil)\n#define RESIZABLE(_VIEW_) [_VIEW_ setAutoresizingMask:UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleHeight | UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleWidth]\n\n\n" ]

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[ "\"[CAT MEOWING]\" \"MAN:\" \"Eight o'clock.\" \"", "All's well.\" \"", "Misty weather.\" \"[", "VIOLIN PLAYING]\" \" Here ye are, me lad.\" \" ", "Thank ye.\" \"", "A press gang.\" \"", "A press gang!\" \"", "MAN 1:\" \"The press gang!\" \"", "MAN 2:\" \"Let's get out of here!\" \"", "In the king's name!\" \"", "Well, we got all the fish we need in one net.\" \" ", "Line them up, boatswain.\" \" ", "Aye, aye.\" \"", "Line up, lads!\" \"", "Lads, bow your necks and weep.\" \"", "You're in the king's navy.\" \"", "I'm no seaman, sir.\" \"", "I'm a tailor.\" \"", "What's that, your needlework?\" \"", "No chin music.\" \" ", "What ship?\" \" ", "The Bounty, for the South Seas.\" \" ", "The South Seas?\" \" ", "That's the end of the world.\" \"", "No, he sailed there with Captain Cook.\" \"", "He knows the brown gals gay as kiss-me.\" \" ", "Who's the captain?\" \" ", "Bligh.\" \" ", "Bligh!\" \" ", "Seize him!\" \"", "How long will we be gone?\" \"", "Till there's enough frost in hell to kill snap beans.\" \"", "How long is that, sir?\" \"", "I've got to know.\" \" ", "Two years, lad.\" \" ", "Please, don't take my husband.\" \"", "When we had a baby, Tommy left the sea.\" \"", "He don't want to serve in the navy.\" \" ", "It's true, sir.\" \" ", "Sorry, the king needs six men.\" \"", "You can't take him!\" \"", "It's like forever!\" \"", "I can't take them and not take him.\" \"", "No, you can't take him!\" \"", "I won't let you!\" \" ", "Lass, lass.\" \" ", "It's two years!\" \"", "No!\" \"", "It's two years!\" \"", "This is England's new venture in science, in trade, in discovery.\" \"", "Who else but Sir Austin Byam's son should go?\" \"", "But two years.\" \" ", "I understand, my dear.\" \"", "MAN:\" \"Ship ahoy!\" \"", "Bob.\" \"", "Behold!\" \"", "The elder son of the sea and heir to all its oceans.\" \"", "Uniform by Jeeves.\" \"[", "LAUGHING]\" \"It's so new, it creaks.\" \"", "I'll come back an admiral, with a necklace for you.\" \"", "Pearls as big as coconuts.\" \"", "I'll name a nice shiny island after you, Sir Joseph.\" \" ", "I owe you for my appointment.\" \" ", "You've been appointed for one purpose:\" \"To make me a dictionary of the Tahitian language.\" \"", "I've made that clear to Captain Bligh.\" \" ", "What's he like, sir?\" \" ", "Captain Bligh?\" \"", "He's a seagoing disaster.\" \"", "His hair is rope yarn.\" \"", "His teeth are marlinespikes.\" \"", "BYAM:\" \"Marlinespikes?\" \"", "Good.\" \"", "Sounds rather terrifying.\" \"", "But perhaps, as your father used to say:\" \"\"A taut hand at sea is better than a slack one.\"\" \"", "You'd have made a rare sailor, ma'am.\" \"", "Why don't you stow away, Mother?\" \"", "I've considered it.\" \"", "Very seriously.\" \"", "Well, here's to the voyage of the Bounty.\" \"", "To the voyage of the Bounty!\" \"", "Still waters and the great golden sea.\" \"", "Flying fish like streaks of silver and mermaids that sing in the night.\" \"", "The Southern Cross, and all the stars on the other side of the world.\" \"", "Bless my soul.\" \"", "To the voyage of the Bounty!\" \"", "Is that the Bounty?\" \"", "No, sir.\" \"", "That's the flagship of the fleet.\" \"", "There's your little pint-pot.\" \"", "BYAM:\" \"That's the Bounty for Tahiti?\" \"", "She isn't very big, is she?\" \"", "It ain't the size that counts, youngster.\" \"", "It's the salt in the lads that man it.\" \" ", "Where's your sweetheart?\" \" ", "She married a sailor.\" \"", "Oh.\" \"", "It's Ellison, sir.\" \"", "He tried to break ship.\" \" ", "On deck, Morrison.\" \" ", "Aye, sir.\" \" ", "Churchill.\" \" ", "Aye, sir.\" \"", "Break ship, would you?\" \"", "I can't face it, sir.\" \"", "Not two years.\" \"", "I might not come back.\" \"", "Then she's left with the baby.\" \"", "Flog me, send me to jail, but don't take me, sir!\" \"", "Don't.\" \"", "Now, listen to me, Ellison.\" \"", "The sea's hard, but you whistle it off.\" \"", "Do your spit and polish and you'll come home with the seals following in admiration.\" \"", "I was like you when I first came to sea, Cumberland moss all over me.\" \"", "Now it's turned to barnacles.\" \"", "That's better.\" \"", "On this voyage, if you get in trouble, come to me.\" \"", "I'll see you get justice.\" \"", "But if you're wrong, look out for squalls.\" \"", "Now, get your chin up.\" \"", "Go on deck.\" \"", "Say goodbye to your wife.\" \" ", "You've got her aboard, sir?\" \" ", "And the baby.\" \" ", "Come on.\" \"", "Shake a leg.\" \" ", "Thank you, sir.\" \" ", "So you're going to the South Seas?\" \" ", "Aye.\" \"", "Here.\" \"", "Take this with you.\" \"", "You can buy your own island.\" \"", "Ten shillings.\" \"", "Ten?\" \"", "I ain't seen the king's face on a shilling for so long I've forgotten which George it is, but I'll take it and pay you when I get back.\" \"", "Sailor!\" \"", "You're not coming back, not in this little half-walnut.\" \"", "WOMAN:\" \"Here you are.\" \"", "Diamond brooch.\" \"", "Real gold, mister, owned by Captain Kidd.\" \"", "With a map of the treasure under the works.\" \"", "Here.\" \"", "Stand clear with the tinware, Joe.\" \"", "You keep leeward of the ship's gentlemen.\" \"", "All right, now.\" \"", "Ta-ta.\" \"", "Ta-ta!\" \"", "Mr. Byam?\" \"", "I'm Fletcher Christian, lieutenant and master's mate.\" \" ", "You'll be my instructor.\" \" ", "Yes, in navigation and trigonometry.\" \"", "You'll have a watch, keep order, go aloft to mend canvas, reef and furl.\" \"", "Otherwise, your time is your own.\" \"", "Mr. Christian, in my hands, the ship is safe.\" \"", "I understand.\" \"\"", "A little child shall lead them.\"\" \"", "Come along, I'll show you below.\" \"", "You there, take Mr. Byam's box to his berth.\" \" ", "Ahoy, Mr. Christian!\" \"", "CHRISTIAN:\" \"Ahoy!\" \"", "Excuse me.\" \"", "Good morning, sir.\" \"", "Nothing lost, Mr. Christian.\" \"", "Think I've got enough for a two years' voyage?\" \"", "CHRISTIAN:\" \"You know your draft better than I do.\" \"", "My lad, nobody can estimate my draft, least of all myself.\" \" ", "Easy, easy.\" \" ", "What makes her roll so?\" \"", "Here's a navy for you.\" \"", "Rum in the skimmers today and blood in the scuppers tomorrow.\" \"", "This is our ship's surgeon.\" \"", "We call him Mr. Bacchus.\" \" ", "He's never told us his real name.\" \" ", "I've forgotten it.\" \"", "Pleased to meet you.\" \"", "Mr. Byam, I should never have gone ashore.\" \"", "England's only an island, and all islands are alike.\" \"", "I'm going below.\" \"", "Bear a hand.\" \"", "Easy, now.\" \"", "Easy.\" \"", "Oh, Tommy, I'm afeard.\" \"", "This ship's unlucky.\" \"", "They've changed the name.\" \"", "Well, I changed your name, didn't I?\" \"", "Was that unlucky?\" \"", "Oh, Tommy.\" \"", "One, two...\" \"Three of us in here?\" \"", "My dog at home has a bigger kennel all to himself.\" \"", "I can see we shall be as friendly as tomcats in a sack.\" \"", "Mr. Stewart?\" \"", "Mr. Byam.\" \"", "Drop in anytime, Byam.\" \"", "I'll be just 10 inches away from you.\" \" ", "A pleasure, Mr. Stewart.\" \" ", "I hope you'll like the ship.\" \" ", "I'd like any ship, Mr. Stewart.\" \" ", "Johnny Newcomer.\" \"", "Oh, yes, Mr. Byam, the amiable Mr. Hayward.\" \" ", "How do you do?\" \" ", "Mr. Hayward has been two years at sea.\" \"", "And a man who's been two years at sea should know how to lash his hammock.\" \"", "Yours looks like a Frenchman's knapsack.\" \"", "All right.\" \"", "On deck, all of you.\" \"", "Mr. Maggs?\" \"", "This here Captain Bligh, sir.\" \"", "Now, you being ship's clerk would you call him a gentle officer?\" \"", "If I was you, I wouldn't be calling him anything.\" \"", "Oh, no, no, no, Mr. Maggs, no.\" \"", "Never call anybody anything.\" \"", "But I do hope he is gentle because I'm his messman and I frighten so easy.\" \"", "It runs in our family, Mr. Maggs.\" \"", "My mother was frightened by my father before I was born and I've been frightened ever since.\" \"", "Do you know there's times when I can hardly hold a glass in my hand?\" \" ", "Silence.\" \"", "The captain's coming aboard.\" \" ", "Oh, oh.\" \"[", "WHISTLE BLOWING]\" \"MAN:\" \"Company, atten!\" \"", "Mr. Christian, clear the decks of this rabble.\" \"", "Very good, sir.\" \"", "Clear decks.\" \"", "Everybody ashore.\" \"", "Clear decks.\" \" ", "Mr. Fryer, we sail at six bells.\" \" ", "Sail at six bells.\" \" ", "We got our rights here.\" \" ", "Off ship, Joe.\" \"", "Off ship.\" \"", "I'm not going until the ship sails.\" \"", "Hey, you can't do that!\" \"", "Flogging through the fleet.\" \"", "We're included.\" \" ", "A compliment to the Bounty, Sir Joseph.\" \" ", "Yes.\" \"", "Mr. Christian, pipe the ship's company at five bells to witness punishment.\" \"", "Would you care to see the flogging?\" \"", "No.\" \"", "The only discipline I know is science.\" \"", "There's science in using a cat-o'-nine-tails.\" \"", "Watch my boatswain.\" \"", "I really must be off.\" \"", "I came aboard merely to introduce Roger.\" \"", "Goodbye, my boy.\" \"", "This won't be all cakes and ale, Roger but your family's followed the sea for seven generations.\" \"", "Not one ever failed in his duty.\" \"", "In a tight place, that's all you'll need to remember.\" \" ", "I'll try to, sir.\" \" ", "Sure you will, my boy.\" \" ", "Goodbye, Mr. Bligh.\" \" ", "Goodbye, Sir Joseph.\" \"", "What does it mean, sir, \"flogging through the fleet\"?\" \"", "Sentence of court-martial, two dozen lashes at each ship.\" \"", "What was the man's crime, sir?\" \"", "Struck his captain.\" \"", "But that's over 300 lashes.\" \"", "I don't understand why...\" \"Can you understand this?\" \"", "Discipline's the thing.\" \"", "A seaman's a seaman, captain's a captain.\" \"", "And a midshipman is the lowest form of animal life in the British navy.\" \"", "Now you know what a midshipman is.\" \"[", "BELL RINGING] [DRUM ROLLING]\" \"MAN 1:\" \"Line up!\" \"", "MAN 2:\" \"Port oars!\" \"", "Ship's company, off hats!\" \"", "Article 22: \"If any officer, mariner or other person in the fleet shall strike or offer to strike any of his superiors and being convicted, he shall suffer punishment inflicted on him by the sentence of a court-martial.\"\" \"", "Ship's company, on hats!\" \" ", "Mr. Morrison, two dozen, I believe.\" \" ", "Two dozen it is, sir.\" \" ", "The man is dead, sir.\" \" ", "Dead?\" \" ", "Shall I dismiss the men, sir?\" \" ", "What?\" \"", "Certainly not.\" \"", "We'll proceed with punishment.\" \"", "Boatswain, do your duty.\" \"", "Come along with you.\" \"", "Do your duty!\" \"[", "WHIP CRACKING]\" \"Bloody murderer.\" \"", "Mr. Byam!\" \"", "MORRISON:\" \"Punishment counted out, sir.\" \" ", "Mr. Morrison, come aboard.\" \" ", "Mr. Fryer, make ready to sail.\" \" ", "Starboard watch, secure for sea.\" \"", "Starboard watch, shorten and cable!\" \"", "Stand by to go aloft!\" \"", "In captain's gig, Mr. Christian.\" \"", "Both watches, hoist!\" \"", "FRYER:\" \"Hoist away!\" \" ", "Topsails.\" \"", "Way aloft!\" \"", "Winds offshore!\" \"", "You'll take the mizzenmast, Mr. Byam.\" \"", "What's the matter, afraid to go aloft?\" \"", "Why, it's child's play.\" \"", "That man they flogged.\" \"", "He was dead.\" \"", "Get aloft.\" \"", "Bear a hand.\" \"", "Mr. Morrison, start those men.\" \"[", "MEN SINGING]\" \"Tallyho!\" \"", "Child's play.\" \"", "MAN:\" \"Anchors aweigh, sir.\" \"", "Let fall!\" \"", "Down from aloft!\" \"", "Down from there!\" \"", "A dozen for the coat of the last man down!\" \"", "Please, sir!\" \"", "CHRISTIAN:\" \"Skipper Hayward!\" \"", "Mr. Hayward!\" \" ", "I'll take care of him.\" \" ", "Keep hold!\" \"", "Hoist away!\" \"", "Set courses, royals and gallants!\" \"", "FRYER:\" \"Royals and gallants!\" \"", "Starboard bridges, aweigh with the anchors.\" \" ", "Ship ready.\" \" ", "Give her lee helm.\" \"", "Lee helm, sir.\" \" ", "Steady.\" \" ", "Steady, sir.\" \"", "There she goes.\" \"", "Her anchor's up.\" \"", "Oh, Mary, it's such a little ship.\" \"", "My Tommy will bring her home.\" \"", "TOGETHER:\" \"Hurrah!\" \"", "Hurrah!\" \"", "Hurrah!\" \" ", "We're under canvas again, Mr. Christian.\" \" ", "Yes, sir.\" \" ", "It's our third voyage together.\" \" ", "Not of my choosing.\" \"", "So the port admiral told me.\" \"", "Well, you're here.\" \"", "I requested you.\" \"", "I like having a gentleman as my subordinate, being a self-made man.\" \"", "I admire you for that, sir.\" \"", "And for very little else?\" \"", "Sailing orders?\" \"", "Tahiti direct by Cape Horn.\" \"", "Winds permitting.\" \"", "If we can't make westing, we shall have to go by Africa.\" \"", "Then we'll have to get supplies at Simon's Bay.\" \"", "We'll need them.\" \"", "This ship has less food than a prison hull.\" \"", "And I don't trust that clerk of yours.\" \"", "Who asked you to meddle with my clerk?\" \"", "Can't get much from a hungry man.\" \"", "I have to work these men we feed.\" \"", "Rascals and pirates.\" \"", "Did you see them growl at the flogging?\" \"", "I'll teach them what flogging's like.\" \"", "My advice, sir, if you'll take it, is not to be too harsh with them.\" \"", "We're sailing 10,000 miles together for the next two years.\" \" ", "It's like a powder magazine.\" \" ", "I don't want your advice.\" \"", "I've my own way with seamen.\" \"", "They respect one law, the law of fear.\" \" ", "My officers should remember that.\" \" ", "I can only tell you what I think!\" \"", "They come from jails and taverns, but they're English and they'll sail anywhere.\" \"", "I'm not interested in what you think.\" \"", "I expect you to carry out whatever orders I give, whenever I give them.\" \"", "I'll carry out your orders, Mr. Bligh.\" \"", "Then we understand each other?\" \"", "Perfectly.\" \" ", "Any orders for the deck?\" \" ", "No.\" \" ", "That all?\" \" ", "Yes.\" \"", "You may go.\" \"", "Thank you, sir.\" \" ", "She's flying, Mr. Christian.\" \" ", "Tahiti direct, sir.\" \"", "Tahiti direct, Mr. Christian.\" \"", "Pass it on:\" \"No change of sail without my orders.\" \"", "Put two men at the wheel.\" \" ", "We'll carry on or carry under.\" \" ", "Very good, sir.\" \" ", "Southeast by east.\" \" ", "Southeast by east, sir.\" \"", "No change in sails except for captain's orders.\" \" ", "Good.\" \"", "Mr. Byam, you'll stand by for midshipman's school.\" \"", "Aye, aye, sir.\" \"", "BLIGH:\" \"You!\" \"", "Hold up, there!\" \"", "Never empty your buckets into the wind!\" \"", "Find the wind, you idiot!\" \"", "Find the wind and then choose your rail.\" \"", "Get below!\" \"", "We're off around the world, boys.\" \"", "Light hearts and tight britches.\" \"", "Off around the world.\" \"", "Oh, dry up, you cub.\" \"", "Is it human, or what do you think?\" \"", "I can't stand yowling water babies.\" \"[", "SINGING \"ROCK-A-BYE BABY\"]\" \"Blast you!\" \"", "I told you not to swing that lantern!\" \"", "You don't mean it makes you seasick?\" \"", "An old buccaneer like you?\" \"", "La-di-da.\" \"", "I'll knock more tar out of you than it'll take a month to mix.\" \" ", "Come on, blowhard.\" \" ", "Oh, stow it, will you?\" \"", "I can't make head or tail of this navigation.\" \"", "Don't worry.\" \"", "If you get tangled, I'll jump in and pull you out.\" \"", "You'd better not try and fool Mr. Christian.\" \"", "Mr. Christian holds no terrors for me.\" \"", "I can wade the seven seas and never wet my shirt.\" \"", "They have whales that can sink a ship, but I can sink the whale.\" \"", "Behold, the face that launched a thousand ships.\" \"", "Gentlemen.\" \"", "Today's navigating problem:\" \"Given the altitude of Polaris, could you find your latitude, Mr. Stewart?\" \"", "To lead up to it ordinarily, the shortest distance between two points is a straight line.\" \"", "Uh, but this is not true of navigation.\" \"", "We must consider winds and currents...\" \"Yes.\" \"", "Suppose you considered the problem.\" \"", "STEWART:\" \"Yes, sir.\" \" ", "Perhaps Mr. Stewart means that it's like that lantern, sir.\" \"", "We assume it should hang straight down, but because the ship is rolling it swings to and fro.\" \"", "But by watching it closely...\" \"You disagree with Byam, Mr. Hayward?\" \"", "He knows the lantern makes me seasick.\" \"", "He's doing it to break up the lesson.\" \" ", "Stewart doesn't know his problem.\" \" ", "Still, his original theory interests me.\" \"", "Please, sir.\" \"", "Proceed, Mr. Byam.\" \"", "You were saying, by watching the lantern closely...\" \"What seems to be the trouble, Mr. Stewart?\" \"", "Watch the wind, Mr. Stewart.\" \"", "It's not there.\" \"", "It's there.\" \"", "Is that the face that launched a thousand ships?\" \"[", "HICCUPS]\" \"One navigation problem and three wrecks.\" \"", "Smart as paint, you are.\" \"", "Why, you ungrateful swab.\" \"", "After I've given my all for the honor of the class.\" \"", "Byam!\" \"", "It wasn't my fault.\" \"", "He came behind and struck me.\" \" ", "Is that true, Mr. Byam?\" \" ", "I'd rather not say, sir.\" \"", "So you want to fight?\" \"", "I'll cool you off.\" \"", "Get to the masthead and stay there until I call you down.\" \"", "BYAM:\" \"All the way, sir?\" \" ", "All the way.\" \" ", "Get below or go aloft!\" \" ", "Yes, sir!\" \"", "Rather heavy weather to send him aloft, isn't it?\" \"", "They must learn this isn't a beer garden.\" \"", "If you don't teach them, I will!\" \"", "Look alive, you crawling caterpillar!\" \" ", "Where's Byam?\" \" ", "I couldn't help it, Stewart.\" \"", "When the man looks at me, I want to jump overboard.\" \"", "Where's Byam?\" \" ", "The old man sent him aloft.\" \" ", "You let him take the blame, huh?\" \"", "Here, here!\" \"", "You've started enough trouble!\" \"", "Time you learn discipline!\" \"", "Get into your hammock before I put you over a gun!\" \" ", "Yes, sir.\" \"", "Get up!\" \"", "You see, sir?\" \"", "It isn't my fault.\" \"", "They're only jealous because I've been at sea before.\" \"", "Who did that?\" \"", "I did, sir.\" \"", "Come here.\" \"", "Good.\" \"[", "BELL RINGS]\" \"How she creaks.\" \"", "Wind's a gale.\" \"", "I'm too old to envy young Byam aloft.\" \" ", "Splice the main-brace, Mr. Morgan.\" \" ", "I'll take it to kill germs.\" \"", "What?\" \"", "Waste my brandy?\" \"", "Here, you use the ship's drinking water.\" \"", "It would shrivel me wooden leg.\" \"", "Did you ever hear how I lost my leg?\" \" ", "No, no, but we will.\" \" ", "Well...\" \" I'm worried about Byam.\" \" ", "Oh, he'll weather it all right.\" \"", "Well, I left my leg with John Paul Jones back in '78.\" \"", "We came astern with a Yankee.\" \"", "Up went our colors and our captain hails, \"What ship is that?\"\" \"\"", "American ship Ranger,\" roars Jones, and up go his colors.\" \"\"", "Louder, you Yankee pip-squeak,\" our captain yells.\" \"\"", "I can't hear you!\"\" \"\"", "Can you hear this?\" ", "says Jones, and he lets go a broadside.\" \"", "Thundering guns.\" \"", "You all right?\" \" ", "Nothing lost, Mr. Christian.\" \" ", "Look after him, Mr. Morgan.\" \"", "Keep her head up!\" \"", "MAN:\" \"Starboard!\" \"", "Get him below, to the surgeon!\" \"", "Mr. Christian!\" \" ", "Who brought that man down?\" \" ", "I did, sir!\" \"", "But I sent him aloft!\" \"", "He's gone under.\" \"", "The top's no place.\" \"", "I know his place.\" \"", "Time you knew yours.\" \"", "Maintain discipline, not break it!\" \"", "Send him aloft again!\" \"", "Mr. Bligh, he's had enough!\" \"", "Send him aloft again!\" \"", "That's right, lad.\" \"", "Drink another.\" \"", "You'll be as right as a truism.\" \"", "If you'd lost a leg, now...\" \"I lost mine in action against the French, off Jamaica.\" \"", "A French surgeon did the trick for me.\" \"", "He apologized in French, and I cursed him in English.\" \" ", "How is he?\" \" ", "I'm all right, sir.\" \"", "He'll go anywhere.\" \"", "Get to the masthead again, Byam.\" \" ", "I've taken my punishment, sir.\" \" ", "Get to the masthead!\" \"", "I've had a bellyful of that masthead from Captain Bligh!\" \" ", "You can't make me go back again!\" \" ", "Byam.\" \"", "It was Mr. Christian brought you down, lad.\" \"", "Thank you, sir.\" \"", "I didn't understand.\" \"", "Captain's orders.\" \" ", "You mind?\" \" ", "No.\" \"", "Let him have it.\" \"", "Here, you'll need this.\" \"", "Here's something else you'll need.\" \"", "You're a plucky youngster.\" \"", "If necessary, I'd be happy to cut off your leg anytime.\" \"", "Thank you, sir.\" \" ", "Lf anything happens to that lad, Bligh...\" \" Christian!\" \"", "Christian, careful!\" \"", "CHRISTIAN:\" \"Ship's company, off hats.\" \"", "O, eternal God, who alone spreadest out the heavens and rulest the raging sea, who has compassed the waters with bounds until night and day come to an end receive into thy almighty and most gracious protection the persons of us, thy servants and the fleet in which we serve.\" \"", "Preserve us from the dangers of the sea that we may be a safeguard unto our gracious lord King George and his kingdoms and a security for such as pass on the seas upon their lawful occasions and that we may return in safety to enjoy the blessings of the land with a remembrance of thy mercies to praise and glorify thy holy name through Jesus Christ our Lord, amen.\" \"", "TOGETHER:\" \"Amen.\" \" ", "Ship's company, on hats.\" \"", "The ship's company will bear in mind we are at sea under the articles of war.\" \"", "Perhaps you are unaware that the articles of war invest in me the authority to order punishment.\" \"", "During the recent heavy weather, I've watched you at work on deck and aloft.\" \"", "You don't know wood from canvas, and it seems that you don't want to learn.\" \"", "Well, I'll have to give you a lesson.\" \"", "You, you, you, step forward.\" \"", "You three are a disgrace to saltwater!\" \"", "Ten days on half rations.\" \"", "What's your name?\" \" ", "Thomas Burkitt, sir.\" \" ", "He's a thief, sir.\" \"", "Dartmoor Prison.\" \" ", "A thief.\" \" ", "Convicted.\" \"", "Offered a choice:\" \"Dartmoor Prison or the king's navy.\" \"", "You've been to Dartmoor Prison, Burkitt?\" \" ", "Yes, sir.\" \" ", "It seems you prefer the navy.\" \"", "You may regret that choice before this voyage is over.\" \"", "Your name?\" \"", "Thomas Ellison, sir.\" \"", "Pressed into service.\" \"", "I've got a wife, a baby.\" \"", "I asked your name, not the history of your misfortunes.\" \"", "Your name?\" \" ", "Smith.\" \" ", "Not you, you idiot!\" \"", "You.\" \" ", "William Muspratt, sir.\" \" ", "Have you got a wife, Muspratt?\" \"", "Have you got a wife?\" \"", "Two, sir.\" \"", "The ship's company will remember that I am your captain, judge and your jury.\" \"", "You do your duty and we may get along but whatever happens, you'll do your duty.\" \"", "Go forward.\" \"", "CHRISTIAN:\" \"Lively, lads.\" \"", "Thief.\" \"", "Nobody calls me a thief but the men I steals from.\" \"", "Half rations.\" \"", "You there!\" \"", "Who did that?\" \"", "I can't tell you, sir.\" \" ", "Mr. Morrison.\" \" ", "Aye, sir.\" \" ", "Report that man for two dozen lashes.\" \" ", "But...\" \"I done it, sir.\" \"", "Pick it up.\" \"", "Put it back.\" \" ", "Mr. Morrison, lay on with a will.\" \" ", "Aye, aye, sir.\" \"", "Bligh, these men aren't king-and-country volunteers.\" \"", "They've been brought aboard by press gangs.\" \"", "In a week, I'll get some spirit without flogging.\" \"", "Teach them who's master and never let them forget.\" \" ", "Mr. Morrison!\" \"", "MORRISON:\" \"Aye.\" \"", "Before we see port, I'll make them jump at a midshipman's jacket even if it's hung on a broomstick to dry.\" \"", "Give this man his two dozen.\" \"", "When I ask for information, I expect to get it.\" \" ", "I didn't hear the watch call, sir.\" \" ", "Why not?\" \"", "Sorry, I was cleaning brass for Mr. Byam.\" \"", "That's true, sir.\" \"", "Stretch this man over a gun and give him two dozen lashes.\" \"", "But I was responsible, sir.\" \"", "Byam will be in charge of the punishment.\" \"", "Two dozen.\" \"", "That's enough, Mr. Morrison.\" \"", "MAN:\" \"Man overboard!\" \" ", "Bring a line!\" \"", "Idiot.\" \"", "I'll have to teach my top men not to fall off the ship.\" \"", "Mr. Morrison!\" \"", "When you get him onboard, stretch him with a rail to dry him off.\" \"", "I can't stand it.\" \"", "I got to get water.\" \"", "Get back to your work.\" \"", "I wanted water for my knees, sir.\" \"", "I can't stand it.\" \"", "Please, sir.\" \" ", "What is it?\" \" ", "This man left his work.\" \"", "Wants water.\" \"", "Look, sir, it's the sand worked in cruel.\" \" ", "I wanted water to wash it.\" \" ", "I'll give you water.\" \"", "Mr. Morrison, keelhaul this man.\" \"", "MAN:\" \"Haul away!\" \" ", "Well?\" \" ", "The man is dead, Mr. Bligh.\" \"", "Mr. Bligh, I've seen calms and doldrums, but not one like this in 40 years.\" \" ", "The men in the boats are worn-out.\" \" ", "Not the way they're pulling.\" \" ", "Put new men into the boats.\" \" ", "Mr. Morrison, pipe the men.\" \"", "Change the boat crews.\" \"", "Dive in with your mess, lads.\" \"", "The boats are alongside.\" \"", "Mr. Byam, look at this bit of meat, sir.\" \"", "It's alive.\" \"", "I'm sorry, lad.\" \"", "There's nothing I can do about it.\" \"", "This bit of meat was mined in a rock quarry.\" \" ", "Here, I'll change with you, lad.\" \" ", "Thanks.\" \"", "It's alive, all right but they're fresh meat anyway.\" \"", "Mr. Byam, I'm reporting these two men unfit for duty.\" \" ", "Very good.\" \"", "You men are relieved.\" \"", "BLIGH:\" \"What's the delay here?\" \"", "You realize we're waiting for these men to pull us into a wind?\" \"", "The men haven't finished mess, and these two are unfit for duty.\" \" ", "Unfit?\" \"!\" \" ", "My orders, sir.\" \"", "If they can walk, they can work.\" \"", "Put them in the boats and get these other men out immediately.\" \"", "Any sign of a breeze, sir?\" \"", "I'm about at the end of my rope.\" \"", "Keep up your stroke, man.\" \"", "I'll whistle a wind up for you.\" \"[", "WHISTLING]\" \"Can't we...?\" \" ", "Can't we rest a spell, sir?\" \" ", "No, and keep your hatch closed.\" \"", "This is the cask with only one cheese in, sir.\" \" ", "What's this?\" \"", "What's this?\" \" ", "Two cheeses are gone.\" \" ", "What?\" \" ", "Two 50-pound cheeses missing.\" \" ", "Stolen, of course, sir.\" \" ", "Thieves and jailbirds!\" \" ", "What?\" \" ", "A hundred pounds of cheese gone.\" \"", "They'd steal canvas off a corpse.\" \" ", "Strange.\" \"", "I checked the stores myself.\" \" ", "Cheeses can't fly, fool!\" \"", "They've been stolen, of course.\" \"", "Stop allowance of cheese until the theft is made up.\" \" ", "Yes, sir.\" \" ", "Pardon, sir.\" \"", "Back in Portsmouth that cask was opened by you and Mr. Maggs had the cheeses carried ashore.\" \" ", "Silence!\" \" ", "Perhaps you'll recollect, sir.\" \" ", "Maggs had me take them to your house.\" \" ", "You insolent scoundrel!\" \"", "MAN:\" \"But I remember very well, sir.\" \"", "I didn't get to see my wife that day.\" \"", "Boatswain, spread-eagle that liar to the rigging till sundown.\" \" ", "Aye, aye, sir.\" \" ", "Wind off the starboard bow, sir.\" \" ", "Man the lee board braces!\" \"", "TOGETHER:\" \"Aye, aye, sir.\" \"", "Here.\" \"", "Get that.\" \"", "Well, Mr. Christian, if your rascals are any good, bring us into the wind.\" \"", "Boats!\" \" ", "Pull, lads!\" \"", "Pull!\" \" ", "Lay into it, now.\" \"", "Get up.\" \"", "Send her up, Burkitt.\" \"", "Pull!\" \"", "CHRISTIAN:\" \"Mr. Byam, pull up their strokes!\" \"", "Pull!\" \"", "Pull!\" \" ", "Mr. Hayward, speed up!\" \" ", "Mr. Byam, use your rope's end!\" \"", "CHRISTIAN:\" \"Come on, lads, pull!\" \" ", "Come on, pick them up.\" \"", "CHRISTIAN:\" \"Pull!\" \"", "We're almost in!\" \"", "Put your weight in it!\" \"", "Good lad, Muspratt.\" \"", "Pull, lads!\" \"", "We're in!\" \" ", "We're in!\" \"", "CHRISTIAN:\" \"Well done, there!\" \"", "Shall I call the boats in, sir?\" \"", "They've done their job.\" \"", "What do you expect me to do, knight them?\" \"", "Hoist the boats.\" \" ", "Aye, sir.\" \" ", "Good, lads!\" \"", "Good, lads!\" \"", "Well, we are out of the doldrums at last, sir.\" \"", "I told you to spread-eagle that liar.\" \"", "Why hasn't it been done?\" \"", "Very good, sir.\" \"", "Come along, McCoy.\" \"[", "GROANING]\" \"There's nothing more powerful than brandy.\" \"", "I threw a brandy bottle overboard once, empty one, off the coast of Madagascar.\" \"", "Three years later, I picked it up in a river in Portugal.\" \"", "It had gone back to its home vineyard for more.\" \"", "You would've made an excellent historian.\" \"", "You have a profound contempt for facts.\" \"", "BACCHUS:\" \"I don't despise facts, sir, I'm indifferent to them.\" \"[", "BELL RINGING]\" \"Water.\" \"", "Water.\" \"", "Cheese, Mr. Christian?\" \"", "No, thank you, sir.\" \" ", "Mr. Byam?\" \" ", "No, thank you, sir.\" \" ", "Mr. Fryer?\" \" ", "No, thank you, sir.\" \"", "Perhaps the surgeon wants cheese.\" \"", "No, thank you, sir.\" \"", "It's bad for my innards.\" \"", "To the best of my recollection, Mr. Christian, you're partial to cheese.\" \"", "Not tonight, sir.\" \"", "Burn me.\" \"", "I believe you're with the men.\" \"", "If you'll allow me, I think you've been unjust.\" \" ", "Unjust?\" \"", "BACCHUS:\" \"A bit of cheese, more or less.\" \"", "Unjust?\" \"", "In other words, you say I'm the man who lied.\" \"", "CHRISTIAN:\" \"I didn't say that, sir.\" \" ", "You implied it.\" \"", "I've no doubt that Maggs disposed of the cheeses without your knowledge but I can't understand your treatment of the man who obeyed orders.\" \"", "Maggs is my clerk.\" \"", "It's not for my men to question his orders.\" \"", "Nor for you to question mine!\" \"", "I want your apology.\" \"", "I have nothing more to say, sir.\" \"", "Then you can dine elsewhere on what you can get!\" \" ", "Mr. Bligh.\" \" ", "Byam.\" \"", "Gentlemen.\" \"", "Come, he implied it, didn't he, Mr. Byam?\" \"", "Well, I can also dispense with your company!\" \"", "Thank you, sir.\" \"", "So you're all against me, officers and men.\" \"", "Won't eat cheese, eh?\" \"", "Before I'm done with you, I'll make you eat grass!\" \"", "I'm so hungry, if my mother would reach out to pet me I'd have a bit of her hand.\" \"", "There's fish there, all right, but they're making jokes about the bait.\" \"", "You see...\" \"If I could prove what I suspect, I...\" \"No, I wouldn't.\" \"", "I'm so weak, I'm peaceful.\" \"", "Muspratt, Burkitt, look here, supper.\" \"", "What?\" \"", "Why...\" \"Why, Mr. Christian, sir.\" \"", "Take a look at this, sir.\" \"", "Supper for six men.\" \"", "Four pounds, they calls it.\" \"", "If that weighs more than 2, I'll eat the cat-o'-nine-tails.\" \" ", "It ain't pig.\" \"", "It's horse meat.\" \" ", "We pulled our hearts out for this breeze.\" \" ", "And what do we get?\" \"", "We starve.\" \" ", "Well, little meat, no distemper.\" \"", "Keep the wind in the sails and out of your stomach.\" \"", "If it's any comfort, the officers are in the same boat.\" \"", "Not Captain Bligh.\" \"", "He's getting fat, the dirty, thieving...\" \"Burkitt!\" \"", "Any more of that, and I'll clap you in irons.\" \"", "Yes, sir.\" \"", "Buckoes.\" \"", "Buckoes.\" \"", "Here's your supper.\" \" ", "Thompson, get your hook and line.\" \" ", "Right.\" \"", "See him?\" \"", "He's a big one, eh?\" \" ", "Here you are, Burkitt.\" \" ", "Right.\" \"", "Well, we've got to have bait.\" \"", "Sharks ain't seamen.\" \"", "They expect to eat.\" \"", "We've got to have bait.\" \" ", "You want to risk this for a meal?\" \" ", "Aye.\" \" ", "I'm willing.\" \" ", "Yeah.\" \"", "If the hook don't kill him, that pork will.\" \"", "Let it go.\" \"", "There he goes.\" \"", "There he goes.\" \" ", "Got him.\" \" ", "On deck with him.\" \" ", "Easy, now.\" \"", "Easy, now.\" \"", "Easy, now.\" \" ", "Hold him.\" \"", "You first, Burkitt.\" \"", "Choose for your mess.\" \" ", "Thanks, mates.\" \" ", "Yeah, fine catch you've got there.\" \"", "You know I must have a slice, eh?\" \" ", "Shark eat shark?\" \" ", "You forget yourself.\" \"", "You give me a slice, a nice, large one, and I'll say nothing.\" \"", "Tell him, you slimy quill-pusher.\" \"", "Take your slice!\" \"[", "VIOLIN PLAYS]\" \"[GROANING]\" \"[FOOTSTEPS]\" \"At ease, lads.\" \"", "At ease.\" \"", "Well, how's our shark-killer, huh?\" \"", "He's cut to bits, sir.\" \"", "He'll be all right.\" \"", "What's a flogging?\" \"", "A few blows and a few \"ohs,\" and then you put on your shirt.\" \" ", "Here.\" \" ", "Thank you, sir.\" \"", "Now, if you'd lost a leg, my lad...\" \"I left mine with a Spanish pirate off the coast of Trinidad.\" \"", "A bullfighter did the trick for me.\" \"", "He was so drunk he nearly cut off the wrong leg.\" \"", "Hey!\" \"", "Here.\" \"", "You'll be all right.\" \"", "A bit tattooed on the back perhaps, but just the right style for Tahiti, eh?\" \" ", "Hey, fiddler, give him a tune.\" \" ", "Aye, sir.\" \" ", "Good night, lads.\" \" ", "Good night, sir.\" \"[", "MUSIC PLAYING] [SINGING]\" \"Listen, Byam.\" \"", "You can flog those fellows, starve them but they'll bob up again with a fiddle.\" \" ", "Music at sea I never imagined how beautiful it was.\" \"", "BLIGH:\" \"Master-at-arms, stop that infernal jamboree.\" \" ", "It's worse than two cats on a fence.\" \"", "MAN:\" \"Aye, aye, sir.\" \"", "The old death's-head.\" \"", "I've never known a better seaman, but as a man, he's a snake.\" \"", "He doesn't punish for discipline.\" \"", "He likes to see men crawl.\" \"", "I'd like to push his poison down his own throat.\" \"", "You both have one thing in common, the devil's own temper.\" \"", "He can let his go but whether I can keep mine bottled up for the next two years is a question.\" \"", "I believe you will.\" \"", "Whatever happens, I'll always be glad I've known you.\" \"", "I'll remember that when you're an admiral.\" \"", "Good night, youngster.\" \"", "Good night.\" \" ", "More tea, sir?\" \" ", "No, you get out.\" \"", "Yes, sir.\" \" ", "You sent for me, sir?\" \" ", "Yes, I've got a job for you this morning.\" \" ", "Sit down.\" \"", "Had your breakfast?\" \" ", "Yes, thank you, sir.\" \"", "I want you to sign the list of all supplies issued on the voyage.\" \"", "Certify and sign.\" \"", "We should raise the island anytime now.\" \"", "Not a bad voyage so far.\" \"", "All hands accounted for.\" \"", "Only six down with scurvy.\" \"", "Five with scurvy, one with flogging.\" \"", "Correct, there's your credit.\" \"", "Five with scurvy, one with flogging.\" \"", "We're still under canvas.\" \"", "Mr. Bligh, I can't sign this book.\" \"", "No such amounts have been issued.\" \"", "You've signed daybooks with extra kegs the ship never carried.\" \" ", "I have, sir.\" \" ", "And why not?\" \"", "We all do it.\" \"", "We'd be fools if we didn't on a lieutenant's pay.\" \"", "I want to stow away enough to keep me out of the gutter.\" \"", "I understand, a captain's prerogative.\" \"", "Ordinarily, I wouldn't mind.\" \"", "Why is this case different?\" \"", "The captains I've served with didn't starve their men.\" \"", "They didn't save money by buying up the stinking meat.\" \"", "They didn't buy yams that would sicken a pig.\" \"", "Silence!\" \"", "They didn't call their men thieves and flog them in the bone.\" \" ", "Impudent scoundrel!\" \"", "Sign that book!\" \" ", "I refuse and you have no authority.\" \"", "I haven't?\" \"!\" \"", "I'll show you authority.\" \"", "Lay all hands aft!\" \"", "All hands aft!\" \"", "Very good, sir.\" \"", "Company, attend!\" \"", "Mr. Christian, step forward.\" \"\"", "If any officer or other person in the fleet shall disobey any lawful command of any of his superior officers, every such person being convicted of such offense shall suffer death or other punishment as shall be inflicted on him by the sentence of a court-martial.\"\" \"", "Mr. Christian, you will sign this book.\" \"", "Mr. Bligh the ship's company will bear witness that I sign in obedience to your orders.\" \"", "But remember, sir, I shall demand a court of inquiry in England.\" \"", "You mutinous dog.\" \" ", "Retract that, sir.\" \" ", "I will repeat it.\" \"", "You're a mutinous dog.\" \" ", "Mr. Christian.\" \" ", "Land ho, sir!\" \"", "Furl away!\" \"", "MAN:\" \"There she waits, lads!\" \" ", "What is it, Mr. Fryer?\" \" ", "Tahiti, you fool.\" \"", "Oh.\" \"", "So you'll face me with a court of inquiry?\" \"", "We're a long way from England and what can happen on this ship before we get there may surprise even you.\" \"[", "SHOUTING INDISTINCTLY]\" \"[SPEAKS TAHITIAN]\" \"Milk!\" \"", "It's milk!\" \"", "Captain, they got cows here that lays eggs.\" \"", "What a place.\" \"", "Would you help me up, sir?\" \"", "I'd like to see the island.\" \"", "BACCHUS:\" \"What for?\" \"", "All islands are alike.\" \"", "That's a singularly stupid observation, sir, and grossly unscientific.\" \"", "Well, science is one thing and experience is another.\" \" ", "See one island, you've seen them all.\" \" ", "Fiddlesticks.\" \"", "Well, I'm to be first ashore.\" \"", "Captain's orders, to begin my dictionary.\" \"", "I'll get my trade goods.\" \"", "We can go ashore together.\" \"", "All right, then.\" \" ", "I know that man.\" \" ", "Who is he?\" \"", "A friend of Captain Cook's when I was sailing master.\" \"", "Hitihiti, chief of the island, priest of the temple.\" \"", "Pipe him aboard.\" \" ", "Mr. Fryer, dress ship.\" \" ", "Very good, sir.\" \"", "Dress ship!\" \"[", "PIPE WHISTLING]\" \"[SPEAKING TAHITIAN]\" \"Bligh.\" \" ", "Bligh.\" \" ", "Hitihiti.\" \"[", "SPEAKING TAHITIAN]\" \" Bligh, you got fat.\" \" ", "Oh, well, it is 10 years since we sailed together with Captain Cook.\" \"[", "SPEAKS TAHITIAN]\" \" I beg your pardon?\" \" ", "Where Captain Cook?\" \"", "Uh, Captain Cook is dead.\" \" ", "Morti?\" \" ", "Yes, yes, morti.\" \"[", "SPEAKS TAHITIAN]\" \" He was a good man.\" \" ", "Oh, yes.\" \" ", "Hail King George.\" \" ", "King George?\" \"[", "SPEAKS TAHITIAN]\" \"Captain Cook say King George come on next English ship.\" \"", "His Majesty is extremely sorry he couldn't come.\" \"[", "SPEAKS TAHITIAN]\" \"I beg your pardon?\" \"", "My hat.\" \"", "Captain Cook say if King George don't come, he send hat.\" \"", "Yes, yes, yes!\" \"", "Of course, the hat.\" \"", "Mr. Maggs, go to my cabin and bring me the hat...\" \" The cocked hat, you fool!\" \" ", "Yes, sir.\" \"", "The hat will be here in one moment.\" \"", "So we shall require 1000 breadfruit plants.\" \" ", "Breadfruit?\" \"", "Uru.\" \" ", "Correct, uru.\" \"", "Uru.\" \" ", "All we have for you.\" \" ", "Thank you, thank you.\" \"", "We shall have to stay here for several months.\" \"", "We shall have provision...\" \"[SPEAKING TAHITIAN]\" \" They're welcome to anything.\" \" ", "Don't be a fool.\" \" ", "You'll need those gifts to make friends.\" \" ", "Him no need gift, my friend.\" \" ", "Me Hitihiti, you my tayo.\" \" ", "Tayo?\" \"", "BLIGH:\" \"Chief makes you his friend.\" \" ", "In my tongue, close friend.\" \"", "You live home, my home.\" \"", "Tayo.\" \"", "Friend, the finest word in any language.\" \" ", "It shall be the first in my dictionary.\" \"", "MAGGS:\" \"The hat.\" \"", "Yes, thank you.\" \"", "With the compliments of His Majesty King George III of Great Britain.\" \"[", "SPEAKING TAHITIAN]\" \" Byam, you come ashore with me.\" \" ", "Sir?\" \"", "Permission granted, mind you report onboard ship every night.\" \" ", "Very good.\" \" ", "Byam will live with my family.\" \" ", "Impossible.\" \" ", "I can have no favorites aboard my ship.\" \" ", "Bligh, you are chief on this ship but I am chief on that island.\" \"", "Byam will come with me, yes?\" \"", "Perhaps that's best.\" \"", "Permission granted.\" \"", "By the way, Mr. Morrison, pipe the ship's company aft.\" \"", "MORRISON:\" \"Aye, aye, sir.\" \"", "All hands aft.\" \"[", "PIPE WHISTLING]\" \"Well, we're here.\" \"", "Tahiti at last.\" \"", "England to Cape Horn, Africa, New Zealand Van Diemen's Land and the great South Seas.\" \"", "I've sailed the Bounty over 27,000 miles and you think you've come to an island paradise a tropical grog shop of feast and song and sleep.\" \"", "Well, you're wrong!\" \"", "You're here to labor.\" \"", "You'll fill this ship with breadfruit trees.\" \"", "You'll recondition her for sea.\" \"", "Shore leave permitted if and when I can spare you.\" \"", "If you abuse it, you'll answer to me.\" \"", "Remember, your work is finished when we drop anchor in Portsmouth Harbor.\" \"", "Mr. Fryer will have charge of work ashore.\" \"", "Very good, sir.\" \"", "Mr. Christian, you will remain onboard in charge of reconditioning the ship.\" \"", "Unfortunately, you will have no shore leave while we're here at Tahiti.\" \"", "That's all.\" \"[", "SINGING]\" \"[CHILDREN SHOUTING]\" \"Hurry, hurry.\" \"", "What a place.\" \"", "Hey, when's dinner?\" \"[", "SPEAKS TAHITIAN]\" \"[LAUGHING]\" \"[SPEAKS TAHITIAN]\" \"[SPEAKS TAHITIAN]\" \"Your language is most un-English.\" \"", "It means exactly what it says.\" \"", "Here are three pages on your words meaning \"look.\"\" \" ", "Plenty kind of look.\" \" ", "That's the trouble.\" \"", "There's one for the downcast eyes, one for the sidelong glance one that invites, one that consents.\" \"", "A whole language of looks.\" \"", "Byam, you think too much.\" \"", "One day, you head go crack.\" \"[", "SPEAKS TAHITIAN]\" \"No, no, no, Tehani.\" \"", "I've told you before.\" \"", "I like my flowers in a bowl.\" \"", "Now, scat.\" \"", "I'm busy.\" \"", "What do you call that look, Byam?\" \"", "The look of a charming girl who will still be happy when we English invaders go home.\" \"", "By the way, what's your word for money?\" \"", "Money?\" \"", "What is money?\" \"", "All right, I'll explain.\" \"", "Which would you choose?\" \"", "The shilling or the nail?\" \"", "Oh, no, Hitihiti.\" \"", "With one of these you can buy 20 of these.\" \" ", "Oh?\" \"", "Where?\" \" ", "Well, in England.\" \"", "You see, in England, you must have money to live with to buy food.\" \"", "In island of England, no fruit on tree?\" \" ", "No fish in the sea?\" \" ", "Oh, yes.\" \"", "Plenty.\" \"", "No money, no food?\" \" ", "That's right.\" \" ", "I stay here.\" \"", "MAN:\" \"Byam, ahoy!\" \"", "Sounds like Christian.\" \" ", "Well, it can't be.\" \" ", "Maybe so.\" \"", "Hitihiti, you got him leave!\" \"", "Byam!\" \"", "Fletcher!\" \"", "CHRISTIAN:\" \"Ahoy, Robinson Crusoe.\" \" ", "Fletcher!\" \"", "I'd given up on seeing you ashore and Hitihiti never even winked.\" \"", "When he came aboard wearing that hat, even the articles of war failed Mr. Bligh.\" \"", "HITIHITl:\" \"Christian.\" \"", "Christian.\" \"", "Lieutenant.\" \"", "Thank you for speaking to the captain.\" \"", "The sea is good, but the earth is good also.\" \"", "Be at home.\" \"", "It's good to be ashore again.\" \"", "I've been as restless as...\" \"CHRISTIAN:\" \"Can you speak Tahitian yet?\" \"", "BYAM:\" \"Like a native.\" \"", "Why, you little powder monkey!\" \"", "If you cross my hawse again, I'll spank your little starboard, understand?\" \" ", "Yes.\" \" ", "Yes?\" \" ", "Well, I didn't know you speak English.\" \" ", "Yes.\" \" ", "You must think me a perfect fool.\" \" ", "Yes.\" \" ", "Well, does she or doesn't she?\" \" ", "Yes.\" \"", "She speak English.\" \"", "One word:\" \"Yes.\" \"", "Mr. Byam, your Tahitian dictionary.\" \"", "Madam.\" \"[", "BYAM SPEAKING TAHITIAN]\" \"BYAM:\" \"This is Hitihiti's granddaughter.\" \"[", "BYAM SPEAKING TAHITIAN]\" \"[SPEAKS TAHITIAN]\" \" What did she say?\" \" ", "You must be a king in your country.\" \"", "What?\" \"", "If His Majesty could see her as I see her now, he'd forgive the error.\" \" ", "Shall I tell her that?\" \" ", "No, no.\" \"", "Just say thank you.\" \"[", "BYAM SPEAKING TAHITIAN]\" \"Byam your friend is wise.\" \"", "He looks, he understand.\" \"", "You make word, you understand nothing.\" \"", "No work today.\" \"", "Go swim, all.\" \"", "Come along, Fletcher.\" \"", "I'll show you an island you'll never forget.\" \"[", "SPEAKS TAHITIAN]\" \" You can't imagine what it's...\" \" Byam.\" \"[", "SPEAKS TAHITIAN]\" \"They'd like to come with us, if you don't object.\" \" ", "Object?\" \" ", "I thought not.\" \"[", "SPEAKING TAHITIAN]\" \"[SPEAKS TAHITIAN]\" \"Christian?\" \"", "Aren't they amazing?\" \"", "I never knew there were such people in the world.\" \"", "They're simple and kind, and yet, somehow, they're royal.\" \"", "Hm?\" \"", "What did you say?\" \"", "Nothing.\" \"", "I'm sorry.\" \"", "I was just thinking what a contrast to the ship.\" \"[", "HORN BLOWING]\" \"[SPEAKING TAHITIAN]\" \"Tehani wants to race me.\" \"", "Come on!\" \"[", "LAUGHING]\" \"[SPEAKING TAHITIAN]\" \" Oh.\" \" ", "What's wrong?\" \"", "He comes from the ship.\" \" ", "Captain Bligh's orders.\" \" ", "Bligh?\" \"", "You're to report onboard immediately.\" \"", "Oh, I am?\" \"", "Byam, I know his game!\" \"", "He gives me leave and recalls it to devil me into insubordination.\" \"", "I'll oblige him!\" \"", "I'll have one day off that ship if I swing for it!\" \"", "Tell him I refuse!\" \"[", "SPEAKS TAHITIAN]\" \"What did she say?\" \"", "The man will tell Captain Bligh you can't be found.\" \"", "Oh, thank you.\" \"", "I'm sorry I lost my temper.\" \"[", "SPEAKS TAHITIAN]\" \"She says you were magnificent, like a storm at sea.\" \" ", "Thanks for your kindness.\" \" ", "You will come again?\" \"", "That rests with you and the captain.\" \" ", "You will come again.\" \" ", "Thank you.\" \"", "Byam, it's been a day.\" \"", "Goodbye, Maimiti.\" \"[", "SPEAKS TAHITIAN]\" \" Goodbye, all.\" \" ", "Goodbye, Fletcher.\" \"[", "DRUMMING]\" \"[SINGING]\" \"[LAUGHING]\" \"[SPEAKS INDISTINCTLY]\" \" Good morning, sir.\" \" ", "Good morning, Mr. Stewart.\" \"", "Mr. Bligh wishes you to report to him as soon as you come aboard, sir.\" \"", "Thank you, Mr. Stewart.\" \" ", "Reporting, sir.\" \" ", "You relieve my anxiety.\" \"", "I was about to send an armed shore party to look for you.\" \" ", "I had your permission, sir.\" \" ", "You're a fine figure of a king's officer.\" \"", "If I could prove to that native you're a liar, they'd arrest you!\" \"", "You'll regret this!\" \"", "Before this voyage is over, you'll know who's master here!\" \"", "Mr. Bligh, I have in mind the dead seaman you had flogged in Portsmouth.\" \"", "He struck his captain.\" \"", "You'd like me to strike you.\" \" ", "Well, I won't do it.\" \" ", "Very clever, Mr. Christian.\" \"", "1000 pounds, sir.\" \"", "The pick of the island!\" \"", "Mr. Morgan, I shall commend your industry to Sir Joseph Banks.\" \"", "Thank you.\" \"", "There's one difficulty, sir, a very grave one.\" \"", "These growing plants require more water than we can store aboard.\" \"", "We can't let them die, sir.\" \"", "We won't.\" \"", "Mr. Morgan, I'll take these trees to the West Indies every tree in prime condition.\" \"", "I shall cut the water allowance for the entire ship's company.\" \"", "Good morrow to you.\" \"", "I'll drink your health in Portsmouth!\" \" ", "Put your stuff there.\" \" ", "It's mine, sir.\" \"", "It's a gift.\" \"", "Captain's orders.\" \"", "Put it down and go forward!\" \"", "Shore leave in heaven, duty in hell again.\" \" ", "What have you got there?\" \" ", "Monday Wash, sir.\" \"", "It's a pet, sir.\" \"", "Her name's Monday Wash.\" \"Mr. Maggs, take that laundry for the captain's table.\" \"", "But, sir!\" \"", "Oh!\" \"", "Now get forward!\" \" ", "Come along, there.\" \"", "Hurry!\" \" ", "Did he hurt you?\" \"", "No, but one day, I'll take that cane away...\" \"Look behind you.\" \"[", "MUSIC BOX PLAYS]\" \"[SPEAKING TAHITIAN]\" \"Yes.\" \"", "Aren't you coming aboard, Hitihiti?\" \"", "I have said farewell to Bligh.\" \"", "I have sent gift to King George.\" \" ", "Then this is goodbye.\" \" ", "Yes.\" \"", "Byam, tayo.\" \" ", "You have been happy here?\" \" ", "Very happy, Hitihiti.\" \"", "Byam, I have no son.\" \"", "Stay here with me.\" \"", "Be my son.\" \"", "I must return to England.\" \"", "I shall never come back.\" \"[", "SPEAKS TAHITIAN]\" \"Byam you will think of us sometime.\" \" ", "Hitihiti.\" \"[", "SPEAKS TAHITIAN]\" \"[MUSIC BOX PLAYS]\" \"[SPEAKS TAHITIAN]\" \"CHRISTIAN:\" \"Roger!\" \"", "Will you come here, please?\" \" ", "Look.\" \" ", "Big as gooseberries!\" \"", "Make her understand.\" \"", "These are priceless, I can't take them.\" \"[", "SPEAKS TAHITIAN]\" \"She says they're for your mother.\" \"", "Oh.\" \"", "Well, thank her, Roger.\" \"", "And tell her when this voyage is over, somehow, I'm coming back.\" \" ", "I can't tell her that.\" \" ", "I mean it, Roger.\" \"", "But it's a dream, Fletcher.\" \"", "This island isn't real for you and me.\" \"", "It's the ship that's real.\" \"", "It's taking us home.\" \"", "Tell her, Roger.\" \"[", "SPEAKING TAHITIAN]\" \"Thank you, Roger.\" \"[", "SPEAKS TAHITIAN]\" \"Goodbye, Maimiti.\" \"", "That's right.\" \"", "No tears, lass.\" \"", "Love?\" \"", "Love.\" \"", "Goodbye.\" \"", "Reporting with deserters.\" \"", "Taken on the other side of the island.\" \"", "No resistance.\" \"", "BLIGH:\" \"Very well, Mr. Young.\" \"", "So you let them take you alive.\" \"", "You'll regret that, me lads.\" \"", "Take them below.\" \"", "BURKITT:\" \"We ain't deserters, sir.\" \"", "You kept us aboard because we dropped that tub of breadfruit.\" \" ", "We wanted to see the island...\" \" Take them below and put them in irons.\" \"", "Prisoners in escort, into file.\" \"", "Left, turn!\" \"", "Quick march!\" \" ", "Is she ready for sea, Mr. Fryer?\" \" ", "Ready, sir.\" \" ", "Set topsails and jibs.\" \" ", "Stand by.\" \"", "Topsails and jibs.\" \"", "MAN:\" \"All hands on deck!\" \"[", "PIPE WHISTLING]\" \"Looking about me, I can't believe we're in a ship of the royal navy.\" \"", "The deck's like a barnyard!\" \"", "Paradise is astern, gentlemen.\" \"", "I'll break the men of that island if I have to flog every thieving...\" \"Which reminds me 10 coconuts, Crown property, were stolen on your watch.\" \"", "Correct, Mr. Maggs?\" \"", "MAGGS:\" \"I counted myself.\" \" ", "I'll account for the men in my watch.\" \" ", "They didn't take them.\" \" ", "Can you account for yourself?\" \"", "Mr. Bligh, may I recall the outward voyage?\" \"", "Harsh things were said, but I hoped the return trip would be better.\" \"", "Then suppose you return the 10 coconuts.\" \" ", "You think I'm so fond of them I'd steal?\" \" ", "Yes, you hypocrite.\" \"", "You stole Crown property more valuable.\" \" ", "Explain that!\" \" ", "Pearls, Mr. Christian.\" \" ", "Pearls?\" \"", "BLIGH:\" \"I believe I said pearls.\" \"", "Fortunately, Mr. Maggs was at the boat.\" \"", "He saw that native woman give you two pearls.\" \"", "I think I'm beginning to understand.\" \"", "The native woman, as you call her, gave the pearls to me.\" \" ", "They are not Crown property.\" \" ", "The goods I gave away to the natives belong to the Crown.\" \"", "What comes back belongs to the Crown!\" \"", "I'm not the most patient man in the world.\" \"", "Give them to me!\" \"", "Remember, Mr. Bligh:\" \"Crown property.\" \"", "Very well, Mr. Christian.\" \"", "Crown property.\" \" ", "Gratings rigged.\" \" ", "Everybody present?\" \" ", "Everyone present, sir, but the surgeon.\" \" ", "Huh?\" \"", "The surgeon is ill, sir.\" \" ", "III?\" \"", "Drunk, you mean!\" \" ", "We had to bleed him this morning, sir.\" \"", "He's not fit.\" \"", "Mr. Morgan and Mr. Christian agree.\" \"", "Go below.\" \"", "Tell him to report on deck at once!\" \"", "Very good, sir.\" \"", "Thomas Burkitt, Matthew Thompson, step forward.\" \"", "CHRISTIAN:\" \"Ship's company, off hats.\" \"", "I'm sorry, sir.\" \"", "Captain Bligh...\" \"How do you feel?\" \"", "I'm afraid I'm a very old man, lad and a very sick one.\" \" ", "I'll tell him again you can't report.\" \"", "No, boy.\" \"", "No, I'm not worth getting into a scrape over.\" \"", "For once, a midshipman gives an order.\" \"", "You stay where you are.\" \"", "A good lad.\" \"", "A good lad.\" \"", "I must pull him out.\" \"", "I've taken the liberty of telling the surgeon to stay.\" \"", "He's not able to report.\" \"", "I'll have no drunken relic holding up the discipline aboard my ship.\" \"", "Once more, bring him on deck, or I'll have you seized up and flogged.\" \"", "Byam doesn't wanna disobey you.\" \"", "I beg you, don't force the old man.\" \"", "He can't walk.\" \" ", "Go below and see for yourself.\" \" ", "Are you presuming to give me orders?\" \"", "BACCHUS:\" \"Reporting on deck for duty, sir.\" \"", "Mr. Morrison, do your duty.\" \"", "Four dozen, I believe.\" \"", "Four dozen it is, sir.\" \"", "Nothing lost, Mr. Christian.\" \" ", "Well?\" \" ", "What did you expect, Mr. Bligh?\" \"", "The man's dead.\" \"", "I call this ship's company to bear witness.\" \" ", "You killed him!\" \" ", "Silence.\" \"", "Ship's company dismissed.\" \"", "Boatswain, punishment postponed 24 hours.\" \"", "Aye, aye, sir.\" \"", "Do you hear, men?\" \"", "Ship's company dismissed!\" \"", "Bear a hand.\" \"", "Take him below.\" \"", "Drunkard?\" \"", "Yes, but everybody loved him.\" \"", "The welfare of men on shipboard depends upon things that seem small.\" \"", "A joke at the right moment.\" \"", "A glass of grog.\" \"", "A kind word would do more with seamen than the cat-o'-nine-tails.\" \"", "And this ship will be the worse if possible, for his death.\" \"", "Wonder if that's Defoe Island.\" \"", "The natives are cannibals but it's land.\" \"", "The last we'll see for months.\" \"", "You'd better get some rest.\" \"", "You've been here for hours.\" \"", "No.\" \"", "I can't sleep, and it's nearly my watch.\" \" ", "Well, good night.\" \" ", "Roger.\" \" ", "There's something I want you to do.\" \" ", "Gladly.\" \"", "What is it?\" \"", "One never knows what may happen on a voyage like this.\" \"", "If for any reason I don't return to England, I want you to see my parents.\" \"", "Well, why shouldn't you return to England?\" \"", "Why?\" \"", "I can't stand this devil's work much longer.\" \"", "One day I'll forget this discipline and break his neck.\" \"", "Wait until we're back in England.\" \"", "The admiralty will save you the trouble.\" \"", "Well, in any case, I'd like you to see my parents.\" \" ", "Of course.\" \"", "Where do they live?\" \" ", "In Cumberland at Maincordare.\" \"", "I've almost forgotten what the old place looks like.\" \"", "I haven't seen it in 10 years.\" \"", "But I do remember a tapestry in the hall with ships and islands on it.\" \"", "Perhaps that's what sent me off to sea.\" \"", "I don't know.\" \"", "In any case, I'd like you to see my home.\" \"", "If anything should happen, tell my father and mother you knew me.\" \" ", "You can count on me.\" \"", "CHRISTIAN:\" \"Good.\" \"", "That's settled, then.\" \"", "BLIGH:\" \"Mr. Byam, you're up late.\" \" ", "It's fairly warm below.\" \"", "I hadn't noticed.\" \"", "A true sailor can sleep in an oven or on ice.\" \"", "Get below.\" \"", "Very good, sir.\" \"[", "BELL RINGING]\" \"Your watch, Mr. Christian.\" \"", "And I must count the coconuts.\" \"", "MCCO Y:\" \"Mr. Christian, sir.\" \"", "That shark's been following us since the surgeon died, waiting for the burial.\" \" ", "Couldn't I have a musket to shoot it?\" \" ", "Take the deck.\" \" ", "I'll get the keys to the arms chest.\" \" ", "Two muskets.\" \" ", "I'd like to shoot that shark onboard.\" \" ", "McCoy!\" \"", "It's no use.\" \"", "Now's our chance.\" \"", "There's a lot of us here ready.\" \"", "And the officers and men that won't join us...\" \" Well, it's them or us!\" \" ", "Keep your hatch closed!\" \"", "Now, get forward!\" \"", "MAN 1:\" \"Who's there?\" \"", "MAN 2:\" \"Sailor hand, mate.\" \" ", "Hey, what's this noise about here?\" \" ", "Water, mate.\" \"", "Water?\" \" ", "For deserters?\" \" ", "But the lad slipped his cable.\" \"", "Well, here's to you slipping yours.\" \"", "When I'm free, I'll wring your scrawny pipe stem till your tongue pops out!\" \"", "Tongue, is it?\" \"", "I'll give you something to remind you of that slice of shark.\" \"[", "YELLING]\" \"You scum!\" \"", "Get out!\" \"", "I'm sorry, lad.\" \"", "Are you all right?\" \"", "Thank you, Mr. Christian, sir.\" \"", "Better take care of Thompson, sir.\" \"", "Murdering butcher!\" \"", "I've had enough of this blood ship!\" \"", "He's not master of life and death on a quarterdeck above the angels.\" \"", "McCoy!\" \"", "Quintal!\" \"", "I'm sick of blood!\" \"", "Bloody backs!\" \"", "Bloody faces!\" \"", "Bligh, you've given your last command!\" \"", "We'll be men again if we hang for it!\" \" ", "You say you're ready for anything?\" \" ", "Aye!\" \" ", "Release them!\" \" ", "You're taking the ship?\" \"", "Mutiny?\" \"", "Yes, mutiny!\" \"", "Pass the word.\" \"", "Seize the arms chest.\" \"", "MAN:\" \"We've been waiting for this!\" \"[", "WHISTLING]\" \"No!\" \"", "Don't hit me!\" \"", "Take him!\" \"", "Boatswain!\" \"", "No, no, don't hurt me!\" \"", "Don't hurt me!\" \"", "Now, wake up!\" \"", "Get into your clothes and lose no time about it.\" \" ", "What's the matter?\" \" ", "What's happened?\" \" ", "Have we been attacked?\" \" ", "No, we've taken the ship.\" \"", "And old Bligh's a prisoner.\" \"", "Mutiny?\" \"", "Tie him to the pipe.\" \"", "Mr. Morrison!\" \"", "Mr. Coleman!\" \"", "Shut up or I'll shut your trap for you!\" \"", "Give up this madness, or we'll all be murdered.\" \"", "You're in no danger.\" \"", "What will we do with him?\" \" ", "Shoot him!\" \" ", "I'll slit his dirty throat!\" \"", "See that, you butcher?\" \"", "My four dozen.\" \"", "We'll give you 400.\" \" ", "We'll let you know what it feels like!\" \"", "ELLISON:\" \"Flog him!\" \"", "You old rogue.\" \"", "You'd flog us.\" \"", "You'd make us eat grass.\" \"", "You bluenosed baboon!\" \"", "Back!\" \"", "Back, all of you!\" \"", "No more flogging aboard this ship.\" \"", "That's why we're taking it.\" \"", "We'll have something to say about that!\" \"", "What will you do with him?\" \"", "Put him in a launch and cast him adrift.\" \"", "Give him food, water, cutlasses and a compass.\" \"", "You can have your choice.\" \"", "Go with him or stay with me.\" \"", "No.\" \"", "Slit his throat, I say, and feed him to the sharks.\" \"", "And I say go forward!\" \"", "Clear the launch and lower away!\" \"", "Aye, aye, sir.\" \" ", "Stand by, Thompson.\" \" ", "Aye, aye, sir.\" \"", "Lively, old buzzing bees.\" \"", "What a pity, what a pity!\" \"", "Every little tree, perfect.\" \" ", "You'll be sure to water them?\" \" ", "Never you fret.\" \"", "We'll water them.\" \"[", "SHOUTING INDISTINCTLY]\" \"MAN:\" \"We'll take care of your plants, here, Morgan!\" \"", "You may stay onboard if you like, without joining us.\" \"", "No, thank you, sir.\" \"", "All right.\" \"", "Your turn, Mr. Bligh.\" \"", "Mr. Christian, I give you your last chance to return to duty.\" \"", "I'll take my chance against the law.\" \"", "You'll take yours against the sea.\" \"", "But you're taking my ship!\" \"", "My ship!\" \"", "Your ship?\" \"", "The king's ship, you mean, and you're not fit to command it.\" \"", "Into the boat!\" \"", "We're ready, Churchill.\" \"", "Bear a hand here, will you?\" \"[", "GUNFIRE]\" \"McCoy!\" \"", "McCoy!\" \"", "CHURCHILL:\" \"Two little monkey jackets.\" \"", "Loyal to Captain Bligh, eh?\" \"", "MUSPRATT:\" \"Serves them right.\" \" ", "Come on, lads, on deck.\" \"", "MORRISON:\" \"I tell you, we will!\" \"", "Mr. Christian, you forgot us.\" \"", "Call back the boat.\" \"", "There's no more room.\" \"", "You must stay with us.\" \" ", "We'll join our captain!\" \" ", "We're not mutineers!\" \"", "I said there was no more room!\" \"", "Take them below!\" \"[", "SHOUTING INDISTINCLTY]\" \"MAN 1:\" \"Stand the guns on them!\" \"", "MAN 2:\" \"Give them a drink!\" \"", "Casting me adrift 3500 miles from a port of call.\" \"", "You're sending me to my doom, eh?\" \"", "Well, you're wrong, Christian!\" \"", "I'll take this boat as she floats to England if I must!\" \"", "I'll live to see you, all of you hanging from the highest yardarm in the British fleet!\" \"", "Yardarms, is it?\" \"", "I'll give you yardarms.\" \"", "Burkitt!\" \"", "You're not leaving them adrift?\" \"", "They'll starve or drown.\" \" ", "That's Bligh's affair.\" \" ", "Your friends, Morgan, Purcell...\" \"Do you think I wanted this?\" \" ", "Call back the boat.\" \" ", "No.\" \" ", "Call it back!\" \" ", "No!\" \"", "These men have been in hell.\" \"", "I couldn't stand it.\" \" ", "Then I must go with Bligh.\" \" ", "There's no room.\" \"", "Then I call on you men.\" \"", "All of you, in the name of the king, return to duty.\" \"", "THOMPSON:\" \"Cock-a-doodle-doo!\" \"", "Give me that gun!\" \"", "Give me that!\" \"", "Take him below.\" \"", "Stand by to wear ship.\" \" ", "What course, sir?\" \" ", "West-northwest, Tahiti.\" \"", "Tahiti, lads!\" \"[", "SHOUTING INDISTINCTLY]\" \"[SINGING]\" \"Hey, Thompson!\" \"", "Here comes their water!\" \"", "Sit down, Roger.\" \"", "You know, there are five other men onboard who refused to take part in the mutiny.\" \"", "They've agreed not to try and retake the ship.\" \"", "You may have your liberty under the same conditions.\" \"", "I simply want your word for it.\" \"", "You may have it.\" \"", "But I'll escape if I can.\" \"", "I understand.\" \"", "Then I may go?\" \"", "Yes, you may go.\" \"", "Roger I'm sorry I had to hit you.\" \"", "That didn't hurt.\" \"", "What hurts is that you and I can never again be friends.\" \"", "Keep her as she goes, west-northwest.\" \"", "West-northwest, sir.\" \"", "I presume you'll make for the nearest island.\" \"", "No.\" \"", "That's certain death.\" \"", "The savages in these parts are fierce cannibals.\" \"", "We must keep well clear of those fellas.\" \"", "By my reckoning, the first port from which we can expect help is Timor in the Dutch East Indies, some 3500 miles away.\" \"", "Then our case is hopeless.\" \"", "It is by no means hopeless.\" \"", "We have extra canvas, rope, a tool chest.\" \"", "We'll put on every rag of sail.\" \"", "That's impossible.\" \"", "Deeply laden as we are, we'd fill with the first storm.\" \"", "Then we'll bail with our hands if we must.\" \"", "She'll see us through if we do our part, she will!\" \"", "Begging your pardon, sir, but the food and the water.\" \"", "We haven't got enough for 10 days.\" \"", "If we are to reach Timor alive, we must make it last 20, 40, 50 days.\" \"", "It's the sea against us.\" \"", "Mr. Bligh, we'd be pleased if you'd ask God's blessing on our journey.\" \"", "That I shall do, Mr. Fryer.\" \"", "Almighty God, thou knowest our need.\" \"", "Grant we acquit ourselves like men in the trials and dangers that lie before us.\" \"", "Bail!\" \"[", "SHOUTING INDISTINCTLY]\" \"Bail!\" \"", "Bail faster!\" \"", "Bail faster!\" \"", "Bail!\" \"", "Another piece, Mr. Maggs.\" \"", "Thank you.\" \"", "Thank you, lad.\" \"", "Are we all served?\" \"", "All served, sir.\" \"", "Now, lads, for your own good, eat and drink slowly.\" \"", "How far have we still to go, sir?\" \"", "Don't let your mind dwell upon that, lad.\" \"", "Think how far we've come.\" \"", "We'll never see Portsmouth again?\" \"", "We'll see Portsmouth again and we'll see Fletcher Christian hanging from a yardarm and every pirate with him.\" \"", "Steady, mates.\" \"", "Steady.\" \"[", "SHOUTING INDISTINCTLY]\" \"Mr. Fryer, take the tiller.\" \"", "Get away!\" \"", "I caught him!\" \"", "Hey, lads!\" \"", "Give me that bird!\" \"", "Share and share alike, lads.\" \"", "The blood for the sick.\" \"", "Raise him up, Mr. Maggs.\" \"", "Norton, get me a cup.\" \"", "This will nourish you, Mr. Morgan.\" \"", "No, thank you, sir.\" \"", "Give it to the youngsters.\" \"", "They need it more.\" \"", "Yes, Mr. Morgan, but I'm still giving the orders.\" \"", "Timor, up ahead.\" \"", "Timor!\" \"", "Up with you.\" \"", "Up with you.\" \"[", "SPEAKS INDISTINCTLY]\" \"We've beaten the sea itself.\" \"[", "CAROLERS SINGING \"GOD REST YE, MERRY GENTLEMEN\"]\" \"I hope Master Roger has a nice Christmas, ma'am.\" \"", "Thank you.\" \" ", "Well, good night, ma'am.\" \" ", "Good night.\" \" ", "Good night, ma'am.\" \" ", "Good night, ma'am.\" \"", "I beg your pardon.\" \"", "Will there be anything more?\" \" ", "Nothing more, Burrows.\" \" ", "Thank you.\" \"[", "SINGING \"GOD REST YE, MERRY GENTLMEN\"]\" \"Christmas?\" \"", "Yes, Christmas.\" \"", "Peace on earth, goodwill to...\" \"Come along.\" \"", "A merry Christmas to you, Mrs. Christian.\" \"", "Thank you, lads.\" \"", "A merry Christmas to you all.\" \" ", "Same to you, sir.\" \" ", "Merry Christmas, Mr. Christian.\" \"", "Won't you come...?\" \" ", "Roger!\" \" ", "Merry Christmas, Fletcher.\" \"", "Oh, thanks, lad.\" \"", "I've been hoping for this for a year.\" \"", "Come in.\" \"", "This is a day worth celebrating.\" \"", "Begging your pardon, sir.\" \"", "We've brought the little lady a bit of Christmas.\" \"", "Well, thanks, lad.\" \"", "But she must have it from you.\" \"", "Come in.\" \"", "Come in, lads, all of you.\" \"", "TOGETHER:\" \"Thank you, sir.\" \"", "My boy was like that when I left home, sir.\" \"", "He'll be 3 years old now.\" \"", "Come on, lads.\" \"", "Everybody outside for some grog.\" \"", "TOGETHER:\" \"Thank you, sir.\" \"", "MAN:\" \"Isn't that a sweet baby?\" \"", "Help yourself, lads!\" \"", "TOGETHER:\" \"Thank you, sir.\" \"", "The surgeon's, Roger.\" \"", "It would delight his soul to have us drink it, especially on this day.\" \"", "Friend.\" \"", "Good, good.\" \"", "Hitihiti, here.\" \"[", "SPEAKS TAHITIAN]\" \"Makes head go round, round.\" \"[", "LAUGHING]\" \"MAN:\" \"Come on, Byrne, drink some of this!\" \"", "Where's Ellison?\" \"", "Ellison!\" \"", "Come on!\" \"[", "VIOLIN PLAYING]\" \"[SHOUTING IN TAHITIAN]\" \"[SPEAKS TAHITIAN]\" \"[HORN BLOWING]\" \"[SPEAKS TAHITIAN]\" \"What?\" \"", "A ship?\" \" ", "Maybe she's Spanish.\" \" ", "No.\" \" ", "No, she's British-rigged.\" \" ", "British?\" \"", "Did you hear that, mate?\" \"", "British.\" \" ", "British?\" \" ", "She's coming for us.\" \"", "We've got a chance.\" \"", "The wind's against her.\" \"", "She must lay outside the reef till morning.\" \"", "Get your families and your goods together!\" \"", "Get aboard the Bounty!\" \"", "Thompson, everyone onboard?\" \"", "Burkitt and Muspratt have gone into hiding.\" \"", "The fools!\" \"", "They'll be taken and hanged.\" \"", "Get in the boat.\" \"", "Where are you taking us?\" \"", "I don't know.\" \"", "The Pacific is filled with uncharted islands.\" \"", "We'll find one and settle there for good.\" \"", "Mr. Christian, I've got a wife and child in England.\" \"", "I've got to get back.\" \"", "Back?\" \"", "You know what that means?\" \"", "A yardarm.\" \"", "I must take that chance, sir.\" \"", "But whatever happens, I'll never blame you.\" \"", "Thanks, lad, and I understand.\" \"", "Good luck.\" \"", "Well, this is goodbye, youngster.\" \"", "We'll never see each other again, that's certain.\" \" ", "But I'll remember.\" \" ", "I will too, Fletcher.\" \"", "When you're back in England with the fleet you'll hear the hue and cry against me.\" \"", "From now on, they'll spell mutiny with my name.\" \"", "I regret that but not the taking of the ship.\" \"", "Every time I think of Bligh...\" \"Well, I'd do it again.\" \"", "If ever I reach England again, I'll go to your father and tell him the truth.\" \"", "Thanks.\" \" ", "I'll be happier knowing that.\" \" ", "Fletcher.\" \"", "What is out there for you?\" \"", "Another island.\" \" ", "Stand by.\" \"", "I'll be back in a moment.\" \" ", "Hurry up, Byam.\" \"", "When she comes around the headland, we'll pilot her in.\" \"[", "SPEAKS TAHITIAN]\" \"Oh, Tehani, I'll be back in two hours.\" \"", "Tehani knows.\" \"[", "SPEAKS TAHITIAN]\" \"The ship may be here for months before she sails.\" \"", "But she will sail.\" \"", "Byam, midshipman.\" \"", "Tehani knows.\" \"", "Tehani, you're my wife, always.\" \"", "Mrs. Roger Byam.\" \"", "My wife, my darling.\" \"[", "SHOUTS IN TAHITIAN]\" \"There she is, lads, and we've nothing to fear.\" \"", "We took no part in the mutiny.\" \"", "Soon we'll be in England.\" \"", "Thank God!\" \"", "Thank God!\" \"", "We're returning.\" \"", "Good, eh?\" \"", "Very good, sir.\" \"", "My name's Byam, Roger Byam.\" \"", "This is Mr. Stewart.\" \"", "We're midshipmen of His Majesty's ship, Bounty.\" \"", "BLIGH:\" \"Bring those men up!\" \"", "Captain Bligh, thank God you're alive, sir.\" \"", "They gave me a boat and a sail, didn't they?\" \"", "Where is Fletcher Christian?\" \"", "He sailed yesterday, sir, when your ship was sighted.\" \" ", "Where to?\" \" ", "I don't know, sir.\" \" ", "You don't know, Stewart?\" \" ", "I don't know either.\" \"", "You're lying, both of you.\" \"", "Sergeant, put these men in irons.\" \" ", "Irons?\" \"", "What for?\" \" ", "Mutiny.\" \"", "But we're not mutineers.\" \"", "A court-martial in England will decide that.\" \" ", "We're as loyal as you.\" \" ", "A court-martial will decide that!\" \"", "We're reporting for duty!\" \"", "If we're guilty, we'd go with Christian.\" \"", "When Christian took my ship, you remained with him and you'll have to answer for it.\" \"", "It'll be better to tell me where he's gone!\" \" ", "We don't know, sir.\" \" ", "Then you'll lie in the hold until you do know.\" \"", "Sergeant, take them below!\" \"", "MORRISON:\" \"By the mark, 12!\" \"", "Rocky bottom!\" \" ", "To the lee helm.\" \" ", "Lee helm, sir.\" \" ", "Steady!\" \" ", "Steady, sir.\" \"", "Mark 12!\" \" ", "Foretop, any sail in sight?\" \" ", "No sail, sir.\" \" ", "Banktop!\" \" ", "No sail, sir.\" \"", "MORRISON:\" \"By the mark, 12!\" \"", "Reefs ahead!\" \"", "Mr. Byam, I can't understand why he keeps us below here in irons.\" \"", "You and Mr. Stewart, Mclntosh, Coleman, Byrne and myself we are no mutineers.\" \"", "Haven't I told him that time and time again?\" \"", "His marines surprised me and Muspratt, sir, or we wouldn't be here, alive.\" \"", "MORRISON:\" \"Reefs ahead!\" \"", "BLIGH:\" \"Attention below.\" \"", "Have you decided to tell me where Christian sailed for?\" \"", "MORRISON:\" \"By the mark, 12!\" \"", "Reefs ahead!\" \"", "Well, I'm waiting!\" \"", "Well, stay here and rot.\" \"", "My watch, I believe, Mr. Christian.\" \"", "Very well, Mr. Young.\" \"[", "YELLS IN TAHITIAN]\" \" You heathen slime!\" \" ", "Enough!\" \"[", "SPEAKS TAHITIAN]\" \"I'm sorry, sir.\" \"", "Mr. Christian, sir, when are you going to make a landfall?\" \"", "We're fierce sick of this.\" \"", "It's more than man can stand to be at sea forever in a ghost ship.\" \"", "I've steered off the track of ships.\" \"", "When it's safe, I'll put about for the island.\" \"", "Until then you've got to trust me, that's all.\" \"", "Deep 11.\" \"", "Rocky bottom!\" \"", "I beg you again to give up the search.\" \"", "The Bounty must be lost.\" \"", "The ship's dragging barnacles.\" \"", "The seams are open.\" \"", "Men are working the pumps day and night.\" \" ", "We're still afloat, are we not?\" \" ", "Only by the grace of God in these reefs.\" \" ", "Ease her off a point.\" \"", "MAN:\" \"Ease her off a point, sir.\" \"", "I must remind you this is one of His Majesty's ships.\" \"", "Mr. Edwards, I intend to bring back Fletcher Christian.\" \"", "Unless he's hanging from a yardarm, not one of His Majesty's ships is safe.\" \"", "Mutiny and piracy will be rampant in the fleet.\" \" ", "But we'll lose the ship.\" \" ", "Then we'll lose it!\" \"", "As long as I have a deck under me, I'll search for that man.\" \"", "Fourteen!\" \"", "MAN:\" \"To starboard!\" \"", "Old Bligh's a seaman.\" \"", "The rocks are so thick, a fish couldn't swim between them without rubbing off his scales.\" \"", "MORRISON:\" \"By the mark, 8!\" \"", "Eight fathom!\" \"", "Let's hope we're moored before night or the sharks will have us.\" \"", "MORRISON:\" \"By the mark, 2!\" \"", "MAN 1:\" \"Breakers ahead.\" \"", "MAN 2:\" \"Hard alee!\" \"", "What's happened?\" \" ", "Hard to port!\" \" ", "Very good, sir!\" \"", "Haul out both of them!\" \"", "Get the doors!\" \"", "Captain Bligh!\" \"", "Captain Bligh!\" \"", "Get us out!\" \"", "We'll drown!\" \"", "Lift with them and turn around!\" \"", "Captain Bligh!\" \"", "Let us out of here!\" \"", "Save your voice, man!\" \"", "Take charge of the aft boat.\" \"", "Captain Bligh, get us out of here!\" \" ", "Get those men out!\" \" ", "Aye, aye, sir!\" \"", "Come on, men!\" \"[", "SHOUTING INDISTINCTLY]\" \"Hurry up, soldier!\" \" ", "The first boat's ready.\" \" ", "Take them out.\" \"", "Make for the Australian coast.\" \"", "Prisoners go with me in the other boat.\" \" ", "Very good, sir.\" \"", "God be with you.\" \" ", "God be with you.\" \"", "Hurry up with you down there.\" \"", "Thank you.\" \"", "You saved our lives.\" \"", "Mr. Byam, I wouldn't lose you for a flagship.\" \"", "Get into the boat!\" \"", "MAN 1:\" \"How long has this trial been going on?\" \"", "MAN 2:\" \"About a week now.\" \"", "They should reach a verdict soon.\" \"", "Oh, there, there, child.\" \"", "But they won't let me see him.\" \"", "Why won't they let me see him?\" \"", "If I could see him to talk to him, he'd know I trust him.\" \" ", "He knows that, darling.\" \" ", "Oh, but it's cruel.\" \"", "Cruel.\" \"", "They can't hang him!\" \"[", "GUNFIRE]\" \"MAN 3:\" \"There's the signal.\" \"", "The trial is opened again.\" \"", "On the 15th day of September, 1792 for mutiny on His Majesty's ship, Bounty.\" \"", "MAN:\" \"Call Mr. Fryer.\" \"", "Mr. Fryer.\" \"", "Do you swear by God any evidence you give...?\" \"", "MAN:\" \"Besides the leader, did you see any of the prisoners now before this court in arms?\" \"", "FRYER:\" \"Yes, milord.\" \"", "MAN:\" \"Inform the court.\" \"", "FRYER:\" \"Seaman Burkitt and Seaman Muspratt were armed with muskets.\" \"", "Seaman Ellison was armed with a bayonet.\" \"", "MAN:\" \"Have any of the accused any questions to put to this witness?\" \"", "Yes, milord.\" \"", "Good morning, Mr. Fryer.\" \"", "Oh, good morning, lad.\" \"", "Mr. Fryer, you say I was armed with a bayonet.\" \" ", "Did you see me use it?\" \" ", "By no means, lad.\" \"", "MAN:\" \"Address your replies to the court.\" \" ", "Milord, he didn't use the bayonet.\" \"", "He merely flourished it under Captain Bligh's nose and called him a few names.\" \"", "Names?\" \"", "What names did he call him?\" \"", "Sir, he...\" \"He called him a bluenosed baboon.\" \"[", "LAUGHING]\" \"Have you any more questions to ask the witness?\" \"", "ELLISON:\" \"No, milord.\" \"", "That is all.\" \"", "Milord, I should like to ask a few questions of Captain Bligh.\" \"", "Very well, Captain Nelson.\" \" ", "Call Captain Bligh.\" \" ", "Captain Bligh.\" \"", "Captain Bligh, in the previous evidence given before this court you failed to make clear one very important point:\" \"A motive for the mutiny.\" \"", "Can you tell us why your men took your ship?\" \"", "No, sir.\" \"", "Until I was seized in the cabin, I suspected nothing.\" \"", "A circumstance occurred the night before which should have aroused my suspicions.\" \"", "Going on deck, I found Fletcher Christian and Roger Byam talking together at the rail.\" \"", "I heard Roger Byam say, \"You can count on me.\"\" \"", "I heard Christian reply, \"Good.\" \"", "That's settled.\"\" \"", "I saw them shake hands.\" \"", "I realized afterwards they were plotting to seize the Bounty.\" \"", "But that's not true, Captain Bligh.\" \"", "Milord, gentlemen, let me explain.\" \"", "If the prisoner so desires, he may question the witness.\" \"", "Captain Bligh, you've not repeated my whole talk with Fletcher Christian.\" \"", "Did you not hear him tell me about his home in Cumberland?\" \"", "I did not.\" \"", "Well, did you not hear him ask my promise that if he did not return, I would tell his parents what had happened?\" \"", "I did not.\" \"", "I swear before God and before this court that was the content of my talk with Christian.\" \"", "It had nothing to do with mutiny.\" \"", "Captain Bligh, apart from the conversation you overheard was Mr. Byam's previous conduct such that you believe him guilty?\" \"", "Sir, his entire conduct convinces me that he plotted with Christian.\" \"", "They were friends before the mutiny.\" \"", "They remained friends after the mutiny.\" \"", "When I arrived, the prisoner could've arrested Christian.\" \"", "But he allowed him to escape.\" \"", "On his own admittance.\" \"", "Yes, but you knew I was trapped on the island, perhaps for years.\" \"", "Outnumbered, unarmed.\" \"", "I gave my word to Christian not to move against him.\" \"", "Mr. Byam, if you were loyal when Christian escaped I should have found you dead.\" \"", "I have nothing more to ask him.\" \"", "I can only say again to this court, I am not guilty of mutiny.\" \"", "If that is so, why did you not join your captain when he was cast adrift?\" \"", "I was below planning a counterattack to regain the ship from the mutineers.\" \"", "With whom did you plan the attack?\" \"", "Sir, with my messmate, Midshipman Stewart.\" \"", "Milord Midshipman Stewart died in the Pandora's boat.\" \"\"", "The Lord is my shepherd.\" \"", "I shall not want.\"\" \"", "The Lord is my shepherd.\" \"", "I shall not want.\" \"[", "SPEAKING INDISTINCTLY]\" \"Can't they ever reach a verdict?\" \"", "I'm that sick of waiting, I could stamp on a litter of wildcats and never feel a scratch.\" \"", "Well, what are you looking at?\" \"", "It ain't Tahiti.\" \"", "It's only Portsmouth.\" \"", "I thought she might row by in a boat.\" \"", "Who, the queen?\" \"", "No, my wife.\" \"", "Sorry, lad.\" \"", "Why can't I see her?\" \"", "My wife, my boy that's all I've come back for.\" \"", "I knew they'd hang me.\" \"", "But I've got to see them.\" \"", "I've got to see them!\" \"", "Blast these sea captains!\" \"", "Who made their sea law?\" \"", "God didn't.\" \"", "The burning killers!\" \"", "Lad!\" \"", "We're all in the same boat, Tom.\" \"", "They won't let me see my mother.\" \"", "Won't you help us now by holding on?\" \"", "Yes, sir.\" \"", "Roger Byam?\" \"", "Follow me, please.\" \" ", "Sir Joseph.\" \" ", "My lad, they've reached a verdict.\" \" ", "Watch the dirk.\" \" ", "The dirk?\" \"", "The midshipman's dirk will be lying on the table before Lord Hood.\" \"", "If it lies crosswise, you've been acquitted.\" \"", "If the point lies toward you, you've been condemned.\" \"", "God be with you.\" \"", "Thank you, sir.\" \"", "MAN:\" \"Prisoner and escort, halt.\" \"", "Left, hut.\" \"", "HOOD:\" \"Have you anything to say before the sentence of this court is passed upon you?\" \"", "Milord, much as I desire to live, I'm not afraid to die.\" \"", "Since I first sailed on the Bounty four years ago I've known how men can be made to suffer worse things than death.\" \"", "Cruelly, beyond duty, beyond necessity.\" \"", "Captain Bligh, you've told your story of mutiny on the Bounty.\" \"", "How men plotted against you, seized your ship cast you adrift in an open boat.\" \"", "A great venture in science brought to nothing.\" \"", "Two British ships lost.\" \"", "But there's another story, Captain Bligh of 10 coconuts and two cheeses.\" \"", "A story of a man who robbed his seamen, cursed them, flogged them.\" \"", "Not to punish, but to break their spirit.\" \"", "A story of greed and tyranny and of anger against it, of what it cost.\" \"", "One man, milord, would not endure such tyranny.\" \"", "That's why you hounded him.\" \"", "That's why you hate him, hate his friends.\" \"", "And that's why you're beaten.\" \"", "Fletcher Christian's still free.\" \"", "But Christian lost too, milord.\" \"", "God knows he's judged himself more harshly than you could judge him.\" \"", "I say to his father, he was my friend.\" \"", "No finer man ever lived.\" \"", "I don't try to justify his crime, his mutiny but I condemn the tyranny that drove him to it.\" \"", "I don't speak here for myself alone, but for these men you've condemned.\" \"", "I speak in their names and Fletcher Christian's name for all men at sea.\" \"", "These men don't ask for comfort.\" \"", "They don't ask for safety.\" \"", "If they could speak to you, they'd say:\" \"\"Let us choose to do our duty willingly.\" \"", "Not the choice of a slave, but that of free Englishmen.\"\" \"", "They ask only the freedom that England expects for every man.\" \"", "If one man among you believed that...\" \"One man.\" \"", "He could command the fleets of England.\" \"", "He could sweep the seas for England.\" \"", "If he called his men to their duty not by flaying their backs but by lifting their hearts their...\" \"That's all.\" \"", "Roger Byam, midshipman.\" \"", "Having heard the evidence against you and having heard your own defense the sentence of this court is you shall suffer death by hanging onboard such of His Majesty's ships of war and at such time as the commissioners for executing the office of lord high admiral of Great Britain and Ireland shall direct.\" \"", "MAN:\" \"Prisoner and escort, into file.\" \"", "Left, turn.\" \"", "Quick, hut.\" \"", "I pronounce this court dissolved.\" \"", "Milord, may I congratulate the court?\" \"", "Captain Bligh, in my opinion, your open-boat voyage was the most remarkable conduct of navigation in the history of the sea.\" \"", "I must admire your seamanship and courage, but...\" \"Detachment, fall in.\" \"[", "LOCK TURNING]\" \"Thanks, mate.\" \"", "I've seen them, sir, thanks to you and your friends.\" \"", "The wife, she's well, sir.\" \"", "And the boy, blow me, I hardly knew him, he's growed so.\" \"", "You wouldn't believe it, the dead spit of me.\" \"", "I'm glad, Tom.\" \"", "Look, sir.\" \"", "Like the one she gave me the day we sailed for Tahiti.\" \"", "Do you know, sir, that sailing seems like a dream.\" \"", "As far away as the islands are.\" \"", "I remember how Mr. Christian talked to me that day.\" \"", "Cheered me up, he did.\" \"", "Where do you think he is now, sir?\" \"", "I'd give anything to know.\" \"", "One thing's certain, he's taken that ship beyond maps.\" \"", "I wonder if he found his island.\" \"", "MAN:\" \"Well, sir, what did you find?\" \" ", "Your new home, lads.\" \"", "There she is, Pitcairn's Island.\" \"", "THOMPSON:\" \"There's no place to land.\" \"", "That's why I chose it.\" \"", "I plan to run the Bounty in head-on, then burn her.\" \" ", "Burn her?\" \" ", "We'd be fools to burn her.\" \"", "We'll be fools if we don't.\" \"", "If there's one spar left in sight, we'll never be safe.\" \"", "MAN:\" \"Sir, we can't burn the ship.\" \" ", "We can never get back.\" \"", "There's no way back, lad.\" \"", "Once ashore, we're there to stay.\" \"", "But this ship's our last tie with home.\" \"", "Yon's a lonely rock to die on.\" \"", "It's enough to live on.\" \"", "There's sun and earth and water.\" \"", "It can be a hell or a home as we choose to make it.\" \"", "We'll remember this as long as we live and regret it.\" \"", "And remember why we took this ship.\" \"", "They can't press-gang you there, they can't starve you, and can't flog you.\" \"", "We're not afraid of a new life.\" \"", "As long as we can live it with decency and self-respect, we can and we must.\" \"", "For ourselves and our children.\" \"", "Well, hands for burning?\" \" ", "I say burn her, hull and sticks.\" \"", "TOGETHER:\" \"Aye, aye.\" \"", "Very well.\" \"", "We'll get the women and children ashore and then stand by to take her in.\" \"", "TOGETHER:\" \"Aye, sir.\" \"", "She makes a grand light, sir.\" \"", "Good English oak.\" \"", "Discipline has been maintained.\" \"", "The mutineers who confessed have been punished.\" \"", "But we're here to plead for the life of Roger Byam because we believe him innocent.\" \"", "And there is more at stake here, Your Majesty, than his life.\" \"", "We do not exaggerate when we say a new understanding between officers and men has come to the fleet.\" \"", "By returning Byam to duty, Your Majesty will confirm that understanding.\" \"", "And not for today only, but for all time to come.\" \"[", "SINGING]\" \"Everyone aboard?\" \" ", "The last shore boat's coming alongside.\" \" ", "Make ready for sea.\" \"", "Very good, sir.\" \" ", "Ship ready for sea, sir.\" \" ", "Very good.\" \"", "Midshipman Byam, reporting for duty.\" \" ", "You take the mizzenmast, Byam.\" \" ", "Very good.\" \" ", "Very glad to have you with us, lad.\" \" ", "Thank you, sir.\" \" ", "May I, Byam?\" \" ", "Of course.\" \"", "We're off to the Mediterranean, lad.\" \"", "We'll sweep the seas for England.\" \"", "Sir?\" \"", "Subtitles by SDI Media Group\" \"[ENGLISH SDH]\"" ]

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[ "If I remember rightly, most of the changes between the line art and the finished comic were visual changes rather than dialogue changes (although there are a couple of these, such as in the final panel of page 7).", "\n\nThis is mostly because I refined the dialogue in the time between planning the comic and drawing the line art, so most of the dialogue changes happened before the comic was made.", "\n\nStill, there were quite a few visual changes. ", "Most of these involved reducing the amount of blood in a few scenes (since it looked a little bit excessive) and, yes, this can be seen in the line art since I used red ink for the blood. ", "The most notable example is probably in the third and fifth panels of page eight.", "\n\nThe most notable visual change is probably the cover, which I’d originally envisaged as a minimalist thing featuring silhouettes of the characters (with red fangs). ", "But, this didn’t look that good. ", "So, I had to spend quite a while adding lots of extra detail to the finished cover art digitally.", "\n\nAnyway, here’s the line art (you can click on each piece of line art to see a larger version of it) Enjoy 🙂\n\nWell, in case you missed any of it, here are all eleven pages (including the cover) of my new Halloween comic in one easy-to-read post 🙂 You can also find loads of other comics featuring these characters here too.", "\n\nUnlike last year’s comic, I initially decided to return to black and white artwork (mostly for time and/or sanity reasons, given the length of the comic). ", "But, this soon mostly turned into limited colour greyscale after I realised that I could use red ink for blood effects. ", "And, well, you can’t have a vampire comic without blood in it…\n\nAnyway, here’s the comic 🙂 I hope you have as much fun reading it as I had making it 🙂\n\nAs usual, all pages of this comic are released under a Creative Commons BY-NC-ND licence. ", "Likewise, you can click on each page to see a much larger version of it.", "\n\nHappy Halloween everyone 🙂 Here’s the final page of “Nocturnal” 🙂 But, don’t worry if you missesd any of it – I’ll be posting a full retrospective here later tonight. ", "In the meantime, you can find lots of other comics featuring these characters here.", "\n\nWow! ", "Although the ending ended up being a little bit compressed and contrived (eg: I didn’t have space to include an explanation that the main characters survived because they were only recently turned into vampires), making this page was a surprisingly eerie experience.", "\n\nBasically, my drawing pen ran out before the last two panels. ", "So, I was forced to switch to one with a finer nib when drawing these panels. ", "Then, when I was editing the page on my computer, I suddenly had vivid flashbacks to my early experiments with comics (using a finer pen than I normally do) during 2010. ", "It literally felt like no time whatsoever had passed since then. ", "It’s a difficult experience to put into words, but it really caught me by surprise.", "\n\nAnyway, I’m rambling. ", "So, here’s the comic page. ", "Enjoy 🙂\nAs usual, this comic page is released under a Creative Commons BY-NC-ND licence.", "\n\nYou can also find lots of other comics featuring these characters here too. ", "Stay tuned for the final page of this comic tomorrow 🙂\nAs usual, this comic page is released under a Creative Commons BY-NC-ND licence.", "\n\nYou can also find lots of other comics featuring these characters here too. ", "Stay tuned for the next page of this comic tomorrow 🙂\nAs usual, this comic page is released under a Creative Commons BY-NC-ND licence.", "\n\nYou can also find lots of other comics featuring these characters here too. ", "Stay tuned for the next page of this comic tomorrow 🙂\nAs usual, this comic page is released under a Creative Commons BY-NC-ND licence." ]

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[ "Q:\n\nRuntime Error for an anagram - Exception in thread \"main\" java.lang.", "StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: String index out of range: -1\n\ni am trying to solve this question \nhttps://www.hackerrank.com/challenges/anagram\nand here's my code \nimport java.io.*;", "\nimport java.util.*;", "\nimport java.text.*;", "\nimport java.math.*;", "\nimport java.util.regex.*;", "\n\npublic class Anagram {\npublic static void main(String[] args)\n{\n Scanner reader = new Scanner(System.in);\n int t = reader.nextInt();\n\n while((t--)>0)\n { \n String input = reader.nextLine();\n\n if((input.length())%2 == 1)\n System.out.println(-1);\n else\n {\n int x = input.length();\n int q = (int)(Math.floor((x/2)));\n\n String input1 = input.substring(0,q-1);\n\n int [] count1 = new int[26];\n for( int i = 0; i < input1.length(); i++ )\n {\n char ch1 = input1.charAt(i);\n count1[ch1-'a']++;\n }\n\n String input2 = input.substring(q,x-1);\n\n int [] count2 = new int[26];\n for( int i = 0; i < input2.length(); i++ )\n {\n char ch2 = input2.charAt(i);\n count2[ch2-'a']++;\n }\n\n int count =0;\n for(int j=0;j<26;j++)\n {\n count = count + Math.abs(count1[j]-count2[j]);\n }\n\n System.out.println(count/2);\n }\n }\n }\n }\n\ni always get this error \n Exception in thread \"main\" java.lang.", "StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: String index out of range: -1\n at java.lang.", "String.substring(String.java:1911)\n at Anagram.main(Anagram.java:26)\ni know that i am not picking the correct index for substring but it looked fine can anyone help me \n\nA:\n\nYour substring indexes should be as follows:\nString input1 = input.substring(0,q);\nString input2 = input.substring(q,x);\nThis is because the second parameter (the end index) is not inclusive. ", "\nAlso, based on my testing, the only time I get the StringIndexOutOfBoundsException is when I test with an empty string(\"\"). ", "But after the change I mentioned, you won't even get that error.", "\n\n" ]

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[ "How to Save Money without Feeling Deprived\n\nIf you see penny on the sidewalk, do you pick it up? ", "If you’re trying to save money, the effort to save money versus how much you can afford to save, is a constant balancing act. ", "The key is finding a balance that allows you take advantage of ways to save money without feeling deprived while you do it. ", "And without scanning the sidewalk constantly for extra pennies.", "\n\nOne penny here and there may not make a big difference, but what if it were a nickel, a quarter or a dollar bill? ", "Would that change your perspective and your savings account balance?", "\n\nHow to Save Money Fast\n\nThe first step to saving money is diving right in. ", "Come up with a painless way to save even a little cash every week. ", "Pick an amount you won’t notice, invest or miss. ", "For argument’s sake, let’s use $25 a week as an example. ", "Choose a higher or lower number as you put this into practice for yourself. ", "Simply choose an amount you can work with.", "\n\nThe simplest money-saving tip is to pinch pennies however you can—skip your morning coffee out, carpool, buy lower-grade gas or pick cheaper cuts of meat at the grocery store—whatever works for you. ", "Just stick to not spending that money each week.", "\n\nWays to Save Money Even on a Tight Budget\n\nWhile there’s no major belt-tightening involved, to make saving painless, choose ways to save and cut back that won’t bother you at all or much. ", "Money-saving tips can include making the choice to make your coffee at home instead of buying it at the coffee shop. ", "Consider a $13 bag of coffee compared to a $3 cup each morning for five days. ", "That’s a potential $8 saved each week. ", "Eat lunch in one day instead of out and that’s another $10 or $12 savings.", "\n\nOne way to give yourself added resolve is to set some simple savings goals. ", "One of your simple goals can be to start saving a little regularly. ", "You can inspire yourself by committing to allocate savings for both long- and short-term goals that are constructive and rewarding. ", "Maybe your short-term goals include having three months of budget in your savings account to give you an emergency fund. ", "While your long-term goal is to get completely out of credit-card debt or to save more for retirement. ", "Consider that if you save $25 every week, in 20 years you can accumulate $29,516, at just a 2% interest rate. ", "That’s extra money in your pocket. ", "And, as your savings grow, you can move your money into a high-yield savings account and net even more profit.", "\n\nTo prime your “frugality pump,” here are some painless ways to pinch pennies by spending a little less and without depriving yourself of the things you enjoy.", "\n\nBrew your own coffee. ", "You’ve heard it before but it bears repeating. ", "Whether at work or home, making your own coffee–even using the choicest beans and the best coffee-maker—is one of the best ways to save money. ", "That’s especially true if you compare home brewing to buying cup after cup of the highest-priced java. ", "We’ll drink to that!", "\n\nCut out soda. ", "If you’re not a coffee drinker or not, cutting out some or all soda is another easy way to save a little in the short-term, and a lot in the long-term. ", "A can of soda can cost between 70 and 90 cents. ", "Spending that on just one can a day, can cost from $273 to $328 annually. ", "Shave a can or two out of your daily expenses and you can save up to $1,642 in five years. ", "Start with $328 in savings at just a 2% interest rate compounded monthly and at the end of those five years, you have $2,088 in your savings account—a $445 profit.", "\n\nBring your own lunch. ", "Brown-bagging saves a lot of money over eating out. ", "It’s a piece of cake to save $25 a week just one or two lunches. ", "There’s a bonus beyond saving money too. ", "Talking a walk every day at lunch time is cheaper than a gym membership or medical costs down the road.", "\n\nBuy in bulk. ", "It can pay stock up at the supermarket, drug store, warehouse club, or health food store, especially when your favorites are on sale. ", "If your favorite cereal normally costs $2.29 but is on sale for $1.50, buy all you can and save 34%. ", "The “yield” is actually more than 52%. ", "Where else can you get a 52% return on a $1.50 investment?", "\n\nWeigh your fruits and veggies. ", "Spend an extra few minutes in the produce aisle of your grocery store, and walk away with plenty of healthy savings. ", "I’m not suggesting you sample the grapes. ", "But the next time you buy prepackaged fruits or vegetables, weigh a few bags before tossing one into your shopping cart. ", "While a five-pound bag of onions, potatoes, carrots, apples, oranges, etc. ", "must weigh at least five pounds, the packers can’t get the perfect weight into every bag. ", "So they invariably put in extra. ", "It’s a piece of cake to get a bonus half pound or more for free. ", "Savings of 25% are routine. ", "Try it!", "\n\nSkip bottled water. ", "Prefer “prinstine” bottled water to what comes out of your tap? ", "Install a water filter or just choose the tap and save a bundle. ", "According to a CBS News report, more than half of all bottled water is just tap water anyway, but can cost up to 3,000 times more than tap water.", "\n\nBuy herbs and spices elsewhere. ", "Herbs and spices are often cheaper at a health food store or drugstore. ", "If you love cumin, curry or coriander, see how much money you can save by not buying them at the supermarket.", "\n\nEat in. ", "Food is often cited as the top budget buster for many Americans. ", "If a dinner for two costs you $50 on average, cutting your date nights back to just one a week instead of two can save you $200 a month.", "\n\nDon’t fall for the stores’ tricks. ", "Watch out for fast, processed and convenience foods that stores often place right in your line of sight. ", "Take advantage of store sales. ", "And keep your eyes out for temptations that are designed and placed to appeal to you and your kids.", "\n\nUse unit prices. ", "You might think that the largest box is always the best buy, but that’s not always the case. ", "Sometimes, two smaller boxes are cheaper. ", "The key is to check the unit prices, especially on items you use regularly. ", "These can be found on the price sticker on the shelf. ", "In my supermarket, it seems like two smaller containers of baking soda are always cheaper than one larger size box. ", "It makes no sense, but once you start looking, the savings are automatic.", "\n\nRepair instead of replace. ", "There are significant savings to be had in repairing items instead of replacing them. ", "Have a blind with a wand that won’t open or close the slats, consider repairing the tilting mechanism before you buy a whole new set of blinds. ", "Is the handle on your fridge falling off, consider replacing the handle before the entire fridge. ", "There are many places to buy replacement parts and online tutorials on how to fix items yourself.", "\n\nNegotiate. ", "OK, this one isn’t totally pain-free, especially if you don’t like haggling. ", "But by taking advantage of your consumer power and asking for a discount or threatening to walk, you could save thousands of dollars on a new car or cut credit card annual fees out of your life.", "\n\nDo-It-Yourself Savings\n\nThe more you can do on your own, the less it can cost whatever the “it” is. ", "You can save money every time you fix a leaky faucet, repair instead of replace a broken lamp, cut your own veggies up, make your own baby food, become the family’s barber or sew a work outfit.", "\n\nTo help maximize the return on your do-it-yourself (DIY) tasks:\n\nDo learn how to tackle the projects you want to get done. ", "The more new skills you learn, the more you can save. ", "There are free courses all over including the big box stores and sewing centers, as well as videos on youtube.com. ", "And there’s no shortage of how-to books and websites where you can get clear instructions on how to do pretty much anything. ", "Give it a try!", "\n\nDon’t’ be afraid. ", "What’s the worst thing that can happen if your DIY attempt fails? ", "The lamp is still be broken or you have to buy a dress. ", "If things don’t work out, you’ll be exactly where you started, so the risks are small.", "\n\nDo choose to do-it-yourself in areas that appeal to you. ", "If you hate the smell and filth that accompany car repairs, don’t tackle DIY car repairs. ", "Stay away from oil, gas and grease and focus on projects you want to do.", "\n\nDo start small. ", "Replacing an entire roof can be a huge, dangerous and pricey undertaking. ", "Especially if you’ve never tried roof repair, begin with a small, low roof—maybe a piece of your garage or the dog house that’s showing more wear and tear than it should to see how it goes.", "\n\nDo look at the various bills you pay on a regular basis. ", "For example, do you pay for lawn care? ", "If you or the kids mow the lawn yourselves instead, you can save money and get some valuable exercise as an added bonus.", "\n\nWalk Away as a Way to Save Money\n\nDo you or other members of your family make impulse purchases? ", "Try walking away and waiting before making the purchase. ", "An informal survey by AARP columnist Jeff Yeager found that more than half of the people who can do this, don’t make the purchase. ", "So, instead of getting whatever you pick up, consider simply moving on. ", "If you really want the item(s), you can always go back.", "\n\nPaul Richard, executive director of the Institute of Consumer Financial Education, recommends a smart strategy to try before you buy: Take the time to visualize three other ways you could spend the money. ", "Make this a habit and you may just find yourself stopping impulse purchases dead in their tracks.", "\n\nOf course, the absolute best way to deal with impulse purchases is to avoid temptation. ", "If you know you’re likely to be tempted to buy things you don’t need, stay out of malls and put those mail order catalogs directly into the trash. ", "Better yet, ask the company to take you off the mailing list altogether.", "\n\nAsk for a Better Deal\n\nIt pays to ask for a better deal for services your regularly pay for. ", "For example, consider your long-distance carrier or mobile phone service. ", "Even if you never do anything else to save money on your phone bill, ring up your current phone company and ask if you’re on the plan that will cost you the least. ", "Despite all those ads trumpeting their great deals, most folks still pay top dollar. ", "Why pay your carrier’s highest rates when simply asking for a better price can save you money?", "\n\nWhether it’s to get a better credit card interest rate, lower insurance premiums, or cheaper heating bill, sometimes all you need to do is ask. ", "It also pays to ask and ask again, at least once a year. ", "Knowing what the competition offers will put you in a much better position to negotiate with the companies you currently do business with as well as with others who will happily compete for your business. ", "So make a few calls. ", "The money you save will be your own. ", "And many businesses realize that it’s a cheaper to keep current customers happy than to prospect for new ones.", "\n\nAs you comparison shop whether for insurance, a car, a contractor, an attorney, plane tickets, a refrigerator, new lawn chairs or anything else, let the provider know you’re getting multiple estimates.", "\n\nAlso consider shopping late. ", "While the early bird may get the worm, the late shopper may get the better deal. ", "Sales people need to fill end-of-month quotas, vendors on the last day of a season market, stores at the end of a season or the day after a holiday are likely to negotiate, sell low, and offer discounts.", "\n\nGet Free Advice\n\nIn addition to the free courses you can take, you can get expert advice—for free—in many cases. ", "For example, contact your utility company. ", "Many will send someone to audit your house and show you how to reduce your power consumption and bills. ", "The first step is easy. ", "Call and ask if you can schedule an appointment with someone who can show you some easy ways to save money on your electric bill.", "\n\nMany of the recommendations you’re likely to hear—like caulking around doors and windows, insulating switches and outlets on outside walls, or covering the air conditioner in winter—won’t cost much. ", "Others won’t even get your hands dirty, like resetting the timer on your thermostat or lowering the water heater temperature. ", "Some utility companies even offer grants, rebates, no or low interest loans, or partial payment for energy saving improvements, so ask about these types of deals. ", "The money you save will be your own, month after month. ", "Your lifestyle won’t have to change, and you’ll be doing your part for the environment.", "\n\nYou can also likely get free assistance researching a variety of topics at your local library, including free DVDs, music and books.", "\n\nBarter Instead of Buying\n\nOpportunities to trade or barter for goods or services can also help you save money. ", "When you see or need something you’d like, try to trade something you already have or a skill of yours for it. ", "Some examples: “I’ll cut your grass this summer if you’ll paint a portrait of my family.” “", "I’ll watch your kids Saturday night if you watch mine next Friday.”", "\n\nIf you have more time than money, trading your expertise instead of money can be a great way to pay for things. ", "And, who knows? ", "Maybe you can trade your talent to add some luxuries to your life—things you couldn’t otherwise afford to buy. ", "Be imaginative. ", "Home renovations, car repairs and vacations are just a few of the pricey items that can be bartered for.", "\n\nThere are barter exchanges and clubs around the country that create opportunities for a broader range of trades by letting people accumulate credit for their products and services. ", "So you can paint a real estate office, but use your credits to buy a computer, assuming the real estate agent and the computer store belong to the same barter club as you do.", "\n\nExchanges publish member directories and report the transactions to the IRS. ", "Unless you’re swapping two objects or services of identical value. ", "For example, “If you babysit Tuesday, I’ll watch your kids on Thursday,” a trade is taxable.", "\n\nWhat Would Ben Franklin Would Say?", "\n\nBen Franklin said, “A penny saved is a penny earned.” ", "Today, he probably would talk about dollars instead of pennies. ", "Today, he’d say, “A dollar earned leaves 67 cents after taxes, whereas a dollar saved is $1.49 you’ll never have to earn, assuming you pay the national average of 33% of your income in assorted taxes.” (", "Statistic courtesy of the nonprofit, nonpartisan Tax Foundation.)", "\n\nIt’s not as pithy, but since 1913, when income was first taxed, the gap between earned and saved money has widened. ", "Ben would be amazed to discover that a penny saved today is worth over twice as much as a penny earned. ", "That’s because we pay for most of what we buy with our take-home pay or “after-tax dollars,” which is the 67 cents out of every dollar that we can actually spend on something other than taxes.", "\n\nThe key to absolutely safe, tax-free investing today is saving money. ", "This doesn’t mean doing without. ", "Penny pinching is one of the best ways to realize double-digit returns on your money, risk-free and guaranteed. ", "Even seasoned investors are hard-pressed to find similar returns, especially on small sums.", "\n\nBen Franklin might want to revise another of his well-known sayings: “‘In this world nothing can be said to be certain, except death and taxes.” ", "Now that you know some penny-pinching strategies, start saving yourself a bundle over the long term today.", "\n\nAnd remember to pick up those pennies!", "\n\nThis article was originally published February, 14, 2017, and has been updated by a different author.", "\n\nComments on articles and responses to those comments are not provided or commissioned by a bank advertiser. ", "Responses have not been reviewed, approved or otherwise endorsed by a bank advertiser. ", "It is not a bank advertiser's responsibility to ensure all posts and/or questions are answered.", "\n\nPlease note that our comments are moderated, so it may take a little time before you see them on the page. ", "Thanks for your patience.", "\n\nhttp://www.credit.com/ Credit.com Credit Experts\n\nWe’re glad to hear it. ", "Developing good habits while you are young can pay big dividends later.", "\n\nhttp://www.credit.com/ Credit.com Credit Experts\n\nWe’re glad it was useful to you!", "\n\nNJ_3929\n\nWhile there are many good ideas in this article, the initial comparison to the exponential growth of pennies (i.e. doubling every square) is completely misleading. ", "Unless, of course, there is some saving/investing method that generates and compounds 100% returns in each iteration.", "\n\nEastBayer\n\nA “conservative” 8% interest? ", "That’s ridiculous, and you know it. ", "There are very, very few “safe” investments that beat inflation these days. ", "That’s why “high-interest” savings accounts yield less than 1%, and with such low interest rates, people have been turning to the stock market to get any sort of return, which has in turn raised those prices significantly. ", "It’s OK, there is value in saving, but pretending that compounding at unrealistic rates of return will play a significant role in the accumulation of wealth is doing a disservice to your readers.", "\n\nSaradippitySoaps\n\nUse a coupon and take the “saved” money and put it in a piggy bank. ", "You’ll be surprised how much accumulates! ", "Buy an unbaked pizza (Walmart Market Choice is good) and cut it in half and freeze it. ", "When you want delivery pizza, pop half in the oven and bake. ", "$3.75 instead of $15-$20! ", "Put the difference in savings." ]

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[ "\n247 Md. 556 (1967)\n233 A.2d 753\nBOARD OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS OF HOWARD COUNTY\nv.\nTURF VALLEY ASSOCIATES\n[No. ", "91, September Term, 1967.]", "\nCourt of Appeals of Maryland.", "\nDecided October 10, 1967.", "\nMotion for rehearing filed November 8, 1967.", "\nDenied November 16, 1967.", "\n*558 The cause was argued before HAMMOND, C.J., and HORNEY, MARBURY, OPPENHEIMER, McWILLIAMS and FINAN, JJ., ", "and RUTLEDGE, J., Associate Judge of the Fourth Judicial Circuit, specially assigned.", "\nCharles E. Hogg for appellant.", "\nBernard F. Goldberg for appellee.", "\nOPPENHEIMER, J., delivered the opinion of the Court.", "\nThe basic question in this zoning case is whether an application for rezoning a large tract of land from a one and two family residential district into garden-type apartments and shopping center districts is to be determined by the principles applicable to a request for spot-rezoning or by the approach this Court has adopted in respect of the placement of a particular property into a \"floating zone.\"", "\nThe appellee is the owner of some 730 acres in Howard County, bounded on the south by U.S. Route 40, a dual highway, on the north by an interstate highway under construction and on the west and east, respectively, by Marriottsville and Turf Valley Roads. ", "All of the property (except for 27 acres in the northeast corner of Route 40 and Marriottsville Road) is zoned R-20 (Residential — one or two families) under the Howard County Zoning Map adopted in May, 1961. ", "The appellee petitioned the Board of County Commissioners to amend the Zoning Map by reclassifying 149 1/2 acres (later reduced to 140) of the property to the R-A-1 (Garden-type Apartments) and 40 acres to the S-C (Shopping Center) Districts. ", "Most of the remainder of the property is used for two 18-hole golf courses, a large clubhouse, a swimming pool and other club facilities. ", "The adjacent land contains small farms and scattered residential developments. ", "All three of the classifications *559 here involved, R-20, R-A-1, and S-C, were established by the 1961 Comprehensive Zoning Map.", "\nThe Planning Commission, in a comprehensive report, recommended denial of the application. ", "At the hearing before the Board, the appellee endeavored to show that its application envisaged a \"planned community.\" ", "Concededly however, such a community as a zoning classification, under the Howard County zoning regulation, is restricted to a development of at least 2500 contiguous acres under single control or ownership. ", "The planned community of Columbia has been authorized under this regulation as a New Town District, but the appellee's property, because of its restricted size, does not qualify. ", "The appellee offered expert testimony to the effect that the proposed rezoning would not adversely affect the surrounding properties and would be compatible with the General Plan. ", "Some testimony was also offered as to changes in the neighborhood after the original comprehensive zoning. ", "No property owners testified in opposition to the granting of the application. ", "The Board denied the application. ", "It held that it was required to apply the traditional test of \"change\" or \"mistake\", and found that there was no mistake in the Zoning Map as to the property and that there were not such subsequent changes in the neighborhood as would require the granting of the petition. ", "The Board adopted the following reasons for denial contained in the report of the Planning Commission:\n\"1. ", "The requested changes are not in accordance with the General Plan.", "\n\"2. ", "Public sewer facilities do not serve the area and may not be expected to do so for several years.", "\n\"3. ", "The reliance upon the golf course as `open-spaces' may be practically predictable but it is illusory in a legal sense.\"", "\nThere is no statutory appeal in Howard County from a zoning decision of the Board. ", "In accordance with the procedure in that county, the appellee filed a bill in the Circuit Court, alleging that the Board's refusal to rezone the property in accordance with the application was discriminatory, arbitrary and illegal, and without any supporting evidence. ", "The bill asked *560 that the Board be enjoined from interfering with the requested uses. ", "The Board demurred. ", "The appellee, under Maryland Rule 502, asked the court to rule, as a matter of law, that the rule of \"mistake-change in conditions\" did not apply to the application, and that the applicable rule was that the petition was analogous to a request for a special exception and therefore should be granted upon a showing that the development would be in general harmony with the zoning plan and would not adversely affect the neighboring properties. ", "The court below granted the motion, and, on the record before the Board, held that under the principles applicable to a request for a special exception, the Board had acted arbitrarily in refusing the application. ", "We hold that the learned Chancellor erred in ruling that the mistake-change rule was inapplicable, and in granting the injunction.", "\nThe decision of the lower court reversing the Board is based upon its application to the situation of the \"analogous to a special exception\" doctrine in place of the \"mistake\" or \"change\" principle. ", "This Court has invoked the analogy of a special exception in cases dealing with the placement of a \"floating zone.\" ", "However, no floating zone is involved in this case. ", "Howard County, in a regulation adopted since its comprehensive zoning, has authorized a New Town District which apparently embodies the concept of a floating zone. ", "But the application of the New Town District is restricted to much larger developments than the property here involved. ", "It is not for the courts to broaden the scope of the legislative determination.", "\nThe application was to change the property involved from the residential classification, permitting residences for one or two families, to classifications permitting garden-type apartments and a shopping center. ", "The R-A-1 Districts, under which garden-type apartments are permitted, have been extant since the 1961 comprehensive zoning. ", "This Court has repeatedly held that attempts to change property zoned for the use of one or two family residential use into an existing apartment house classification constitutes spot zoning and can not be sustained in the absence of substantial proof of mistake in the original zoning or subsequent change in conditions. ", "E.g., Gorin v. Board of Co. Comm'rs, 244 Md. 106, 223 A.2d 237 (1966); Board of *561 Co. Comm'rs v. Kines, 239 Md. 119, 124-25, 210 A.2d 367 (1964); Pahl v. County Bd. ", "of Appeals, 237 Md. 294, 297, 206 A.2d 245 (1964), and cases therein cited.", "\nThe application to change 40 acres of the property to the shopping center classification is obviously dependent upon the granting of the reclassification of the 140 acres to the apartment house use. ", "We have held that an increase in housing units and the consequent growth in population could reasonably lead to need for additional commercial zoning in the area to supply the needs of the increased population. ", "Bosley v. Hospital, 246 Md. 197, 204, 227 A.2d 746 (1967), and have upheld the action of a zoning board in permitting the creation of a small retail district within a residential area when there was substantial evidence that the proposed use was for the accommodation and convenience of the residents and in the public interest. ", "MacDonald v. County Board, 238 Md. 549, 557, 210 A.2d 325 (1965). ", "Here, however, the need for the shopping center was practically conditioned upon the increased population to be brought about by the erection of the apartment houses on the 140 acre tract.", "\nThe considerations here involved differ essentially from those presented in the placement of a floating zone. ", "A \"floating zone\" was defined by Judge Hammond (later Chief Judge) for the Court, in The Chatham Corp. v. Beltram, 243 Md. 138, 149-50, 220 A.2d 589 (1966), as follows:\n\"A floating zone is a special detailed use district of undetermined location, a district in which the proposed kind, location, size, and form of structures must be pre-approved, and which, like a special exception use, is legislatively pre-deemed compatible with the areas in which it may thereafter be located on a particular application, provided specified standards are gratified and actual incompatibility is not revealed. ", "See Reno, Non-Euclidean Zoning: The Use of the Floating Zone, 23 Md.L.Rev. ", "105 (1963), and Beall v. Montgomery County Council, [240 Md. 77, 212 A.2d 751 (1965)].\"", "\nThe concept of a floating zone was recognized in Huff v. Board of Zoning Appeals, 214 Md. 48, 133 A.2d 83 (1957), and *562 Costello v. Sieling, 223 Md. 24, 161 A.2d 824 (1960), although, as so often occurs in the case-to-case evolvement of a legal principle, the approach was worked out before the concept was formalized. ", "The analogy of special exception uses has been applied to zoning actions dealing with the placement of a floating zone. ", "Bujno v. Montgomery Co. Council, 243 Md. 110, 220 A.2d 126 (1966); Chatham, supra; Beall, supra, and authorities therein cited. ", "But this analogy is not applicable to situations like the one before us, where the governing application is only to change one existing use, established under a comprehensive zoning plan, to another existing, established use, where the result would be a spot rezoning and where no original mistake or subsequent change has been established. ", "To apply the floating zone approach to such situations would be in effect, either to open the floodgates of uncontrolled administrative discretion or to authorize the courts to zone and to rezone.", "\nThat the law develops does not mean it has discarded basic principles. ", "The recognition of a new concept in public planning and legislation as to the use of land does not entail the transfer of the primary responsibility in zoning from the legislative or administrative authorities to the courts. ", "The application of the \"analogous to a special exception\" approach to the placement of a floating zone does not mean that the \"change\" or \"mistake\" rule is no longer applicable to petitions for spot rezoning. ", "We find that the \"change\" or \"mistake\" rule applies to this case.", "\nThe appellee contends that, even though the mistake or change rule is applicable, it has shown sufficient change to warrant the rezoning. ", "We do not agree. ", "The issue was, at the least, fairly debatable. ", "The burden was upon the appellee to show change, and, while no property owners protested the granting of the application, the Board had before it the report of the Planning Council and the reasons therein given for denying the application. ", "That report of itself, constituted probative evidence for the denial of the petition. ", "Smith Bros. v. Montgomery County, 246 Md. 1, 227 A.2d 1 (1967); Martin v. Board, 244 Md. 728, 225 A.2d 264 (1967); Tauber v. Montgomery County Council, 244 Md. 332, 223 A.2d 615 (1966).", "\nDecree reversed; costs to be paid by appellee.", "\n" ]

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[ "In search of the ideal protein sequence.", "\nThe inverse of a folding problem is to find the ideal sequence that folds into a particular protein structure. ", "This problem has been addressed using the topology fingerprint-based threading algorithm, capable of calculating a score (energy) of an arbitrary sequence-structure pair. ", "At first, the search is conducted by unconstrained minimization of the energy in sequence space. ", "It is shown that using energy as the only design criterion leads to spurious solutions with incorrect amino acid composition. ", "The problem lies in the general features of the protein energy surface as a function of both structure and sequence. ", "The proposed solution is to design the sequence by maximizing the difference between its energy in the desired structure and in other known protein structures. ", "Depending on the size of the database of structures 'to avoid', sequences bearing significant similarity to the native sequence of the target protein are obtained using this procedure." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

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[ "TOPIC: Hi!", "\n\nHi! ", "I found a link to this website on the nanowrimo website and decided to come check it out. ", "My first published novel is releasing at the end of this month, \"Broken Star.\" ", "I've been a lover of words since as far back as I can remember. ", "I write in the lesbian romance genre.", "\n\nAbout me, I am thirty-two and currently back in college to further my education. ", "I love music especially Evanescence, Sara Evans, Halestorm, Eminem, and Taylor Swift. ", "Movie wise I am addicted to Underworld, only the ones the beautiful Kate Beckinsale is in. ", "She's my favorite actress. ", "I love Castle, Bomb Girls, Lost Girl, Once Upon A Time, Greys Anatomy, Pretty Little Liars, and Doctor Who.", "\n\nI live in a really small town which is how my love of writing come about. ", "There's litterally nothing here to do unless you're into farming, which I'm not." ]

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[ "Q:\n\nIs it possible to detect window occlusion\n\nUsing AWT, I would like to save resources like flash does, by stopping draws to the screen when the window is hidden. ", "But first, I need a method to detect if the Frame is completely covered by one or more other windows. ", "Windows that are likely not from the same application, so I can't just sum up their shapes.", "\nSo the question is, is it possible to detect if the window is covered by other windows from other applications?", "\n\nA:\n\nEverything is possible just you need some creativity and hard work :)\nI hope you know that Java can call native Windows API (this won't be very performance vise, but we have only this way), for this we could use JNA lib which will give us access to native shared libraries.", "\nI have done some quick concept check this code only checks if active window fully covers java application window, but you can iterate over visible windows and calculate area too, JNA gives that access too.", "\nFor my demo project I was using these JNA dependencies:\ncompile(\"net.java.dev.jna\", \"jna\", \"4.5.0\")\ncompile(\"net.java.dev.jna\", \"jna-platform\", \"4.5.0\")\n\nMy main class:\npackage com.sauliuxx.inc;\n\nimport com.sauliuxx.inc.workers.", "ActiveWindowChecker;\nimport com.sun.jna.platform.win32.WinDef;\n\nimport javax.swing.*;", "\nimport java.awt.*;", "\nimport java.awt.event.*;", "\nimport java.util.concurrent.", "BlockingQueue;\nimport java.util.concurrent.", "LinkedBlockingQueue;\n\n/**\n * The type App.", "\n */\npublic class App extends Frame implements ActionListener {\n\n private final String title = \"Demo123\";\n private Label sizeLabel;\n private Label positionLabel;\n private Label visibleLabel;\n\n BlockingQueue<WinDef.", "RECT> q =\n new LinkedBlockingQueue<>();\n\n private App() {\n this.setTitle(title);\n this.setLayout(new BorderLayout());\n this.setSize(500, 500);\n Panel infoPanel = new Panel();\n sizeLabel = new Label(this.getSize().height + \" X \" + this.getSize().width);\n infoPanel.add(sizeLabel);\n positionLabel = new Label(\"X: \" + this.getLocation().getX() + \" Y: \" + this.getLocation().getY());\n infoPanel.add(positionLabel);\n visibleLabel = new Label(this.isVisible() ? \"", "true\" : \"false\");\n infoPanel.add(visibleLabel);\n this.add(infoPanel, BorderLayout.", "PAGE_END);\n\n Timer timer = new Timer(250, this);\n timer.start();\n\n this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {\n public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {\n System.exit(0);\n }\n });\n\n this.addComponentListener(new ComponentListener() {\n @Override\n public void componentResized(ComponentEvent componentEvent) {\n sizeLabel.setText(componentEvent.getComponent().getSize().height + \" X \" + componentEvent.getComponent().getSize().width);\n }\n\n @Override\n public void componentMoved(ComponentEvent componentEvent) {\n positionLabel.setText(\"X: \" + componentEvent.getComponent().getLocation().getX() + \" Y: \" + componentEvent.getComponent().getLocation().getY());\n }\n\n @Override\n public void componentShown(ComponentEvent componentEvent) {\n visibleLabel.setText(\"true\");\n }\n\n @Override\n public void componentHidden(ComponentEvent componentEvent) {\n visibleLabel.setText(\"false\");\n }\n });\n\n ActiveWindowChecker awcDeamon = new ActiveWindowChecker(q);\n awcDeamon.setDaemon(true);\n awcDeamon.start();\n\n }\n\n @Override\n public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent actionEvent) {\n\n WinDef.", "RECT rect = null;\n\n try {\n rect = q.take();\n } catch (InterruptedException e) {\n e.printStackTrace();\n }\n if (this.isActive()) {\n System.out.println(\"action\");\n } else {\n //System.out.println(\"rect = \" + (rect !", "= null ? ", "rect : \"\"));\n //System.out.println(\"frame = [(\" + (int)this.getLocation().getX() + \",\" + (int)this.getLocation().getY() + \") (\" + this.getSize().width + \",\" + this.getSize().height + \")]\");\n\n // x and y windows to compare top left point\n int rxTop = rect == null ? ", "0: rect.left;\n int ryTop = rect == null ? ", "0:rect.top;\n int fxTop = (int) this.getLocation().getX();\n int fyTop = (int) this.getLocation().getY();\n\n // bottom right points\n int rxBottom = rect == null ? ", "0: rect.right;\n int ryBottom = rect == null ? ", "0: rect.bottom;\n int fxBottom = fxTop + this.getSize().width;\n int fyBottom = fyTop + this.getSize().height;\n\n if ((rxTop >= fxTop || ryTop >= fyTop) || (rxBottom <= fxBottom || ryBottom <= fyBottom))\n {\n System.out.println(\"Not covered by active window.\");", "\n }\n else{\n System.out.println(\"Covered by active window.\");", "\n }\n }\n }\n\n /**\n * The entry point of application.", "\n *\n * @param args the input arguments\n */\n public static void main(String... args) {\n\n if (!", "System.getProperty(\"os.name\").contains(\"Windows\")) {\n System.err.println(\"ERROR: Only implemented on Windows\");\n System.exit(1);\n }\n\n java.awt.", "EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> new App().setVisible(true));\n }\n}\n\nMy worker class:\npackage com.sauliuxx.inc.workers;\n\nimport com.sun.jna.", "Native;\nimport com.sun.jna.platform.win32.User32;\nimport com.sun.jna.platform.win32.WinDef;\n\nimport java.util.concurrent.", "BlockingQueue;\n\n/**\n * The type Active window checker.", "\n */\npublic class ActiveWindowChecker extends Thread {\n\n private static final int MAX_TITLE_LENGTH = 1024;\n\n private final BlockingQueue<WinDef.", "RECT> queue;\n\n /**\n * Instantiates a new Active window checker.", "\n *\n * @param q the q\n */\n public ActiveWindowChecker(BlockingQueue<WinDef.", "RECT> q) {\n this.queue = q;\n }\n\n @Override\n public void run() {\n Exception ex = null;\n while (ex == null) {\n char[] buffer = new char[MAX_TITLE_LENGTH * 2];\n WinDef.", "HWND hwnd = User32.INSTANCE.GetForegroundWindow();\n User32.INSTANCE.GetWindowText(hwnd, buffer, MAX_TITLE_LENGTH);\n System.out.println(\"Active window title: \" + Native.toString(buffer));\n WinDef.", "RECT rect = new WinDef.", "RECT();\n User32.INSTANCE.GetWindowRect(hwnd, rect);\n try {\n queue.put(rect);\n Thread.sleep(1000);\n } catch (InterruptedException e) {\n e.printStackTrace();\n ex = e;\n }\n }\n }\n}\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

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[ "AP\n\nThe league fined Ravens linebacker Matt Judon $18,231 for a horse collar tackle.", "\n\nJudon’s illegal tackle came after the game’s earlier brouhahas involving Kiko Alonso, Ndamukong Suh, Ryan Jensen and William Hayes. ", "Judon’s fine was double their fines combined, with Alonso earning a $9,115 fine for his hit on Joe Flacco and the others escaping without their paychecks being docked.", "\n\nJudon was penalized 15 yards following a 2-yard Kenyan Drake run with 4:22 remaining in the fourth quarter. ", "The Dolphins ended up turning it over on downs in the Ravens’ 40-0 victory." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "OpenWebText2" }

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[ "Q:\n\nDoes the 'closure of the interior' equal the 'interior of the closure'?", "\n\nMy answer is no because, $\\mathbb{Q}^o = \\emptyset$ and so $\\overline{(\\mathbb{Q}^o)} = \\emptyset$ but $\\overline{\\mathbb{Q}} = \\mathbb{R}$ and so $\\big(\\overline{\\mathbb{Q}}\\,\\big)^o = \\mathbb{R}$.\nIs my example correct?", "\n\nA:\n\nAnother simple example may be [0,1]. ", "Its interior is (0,1), whose closure is [0,1] again.", "\nNow, closure of [0,1] is [0,1], whose interior is (0,1)! ", "Your question may be more interesting, if you wanted all subsets of R,say, for which the terms closure and interior are commutative! ", "Then your example of Q,the irrationals, the Cantor set and my example of any closed interval work.", "\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

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[ "Q:\n\nPrinting page x of y in .Net\n\nIf I have a very large document to print and on each page of the document it needs to say \"page x of y\" Is there a way I could precalculate y without having to printing twice as offered as a solution here: http://bytes.com/topic/c-sharp/answers/862133-c-printing-page-count\nI'm trying to avoid printing once, getting they y and then setting it, then printing again.", "\n\nA:\n\nNo, because there's no way to know ahead of time how many pages your printout is going to take, without actually rendering the content.", "\nYou don't have to print it twice, you just have to simulate printing the first time.", "\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

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[ "Induction of male production in clones of Daphnia pulex by the juvenoid hormone methyl farnesoate under short photoperiod.", "\nThe juvenile hormone, methyl farnesoate (MF), and its analog insecticides have been used successfully to induce the production of males in cladocerans under long-day conditions in the laboratory. ", "However, without hormone addition Daphnia do not usually produce male offspring under long photoperiods, while short photoperiods are a stimulus for the induction of males. ", "We used 21 clones of Daphnia pulex differing in their propensity to produce males under short-day conditions to test whether the treatment with MF would result in an additive effect of shifting the sex ratio towards males. ", "Contrary to our expectations, clones with a high tendency of male production showed a reduced sex ratio in response to MF treatment under short-day conditions, but clones that produced normally few males or did not produce males were stimulated by 700 nM MF to produce up to 40% males. ", "We suggest that the endocrine disruptive effect of MF or juvenile hormone analogs in the field may depend on the clonal composition of the cladoceran population and on the natural photoperiod. ", "This may affect the seasonal occurrence of sexual reproduction and eventually cause a mismatch between the presence of males and ephippial females." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

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[ "Different sites of action for morphine, ethanol, barbital and pentobarbital within the guinea-pig ileum longitudinal muscle/myenteric plexus preparation.", "\nMorphine, ethanol, barbital and pentobarbital reversibly inhibited in a dose-dependent manner, the electrically evoked contractions of the guinea-pig ileum longitudinal muscle/myenteric plexus (LM/MP) preparation, in vitro. ", "The ED50s for inhibition were 0.2 microM for morphine and 120, 8 and 0.3 mM for ethanol, barbital and pentobarbital respectively. ", "To determine whether the site of inhibition was pre- or postjunctioal we studied the effects of graded concentrations of these drugs on the contractions evoked by exogenous acetylcholine (ACh). ", "A correlation between the inhibition of the electrically and ACh-evoked muscle contractions suggests that morphine acts primarily prejunctionally while ethanol acts both pre-and postjunctionally. ", "The inhibition by barbital and pentobarbital, however, can be accounted completely by a postjunctional depression. ", "These results may explain our previous observation of cross-tolerance between morphine and ethanol in this preparation, and the lack of cross-tolerance between these drugs and barbital." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

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[ "//\n// Created by CainHuang on 2019/3/17.", "\n//\n\n#include \"CoordinateUtils.h\"\n\nstatic const float vertices_default[] = {\n -1.0f, -1.0f, // left, bottom\n 1.0f, -1.0f, // right, bottom\n -1.0f, 1.0f, // left, top\n 1.0f, 1.0f, // right, top\n};\n\nstatic const short indices_default[] = {\n 0, 1, 2,\n 2, 1, 3,\n};\n\nstatic const float texture_vertices_none[] = {\n 0.0f, 0.0f, // left, bottom\n 1.0f, 0.0f, // right, bottom\n 0.0f, 1.0f, // left, top\n 1.0f, 1.0f, // right, top\n};\n\nstatic const float texture_vertices_none_input[] = {\n 0.0f, 1.0f, // left, top\n 1.0f, 1.0f, // right, top\n 0.0f, 0.0f, // left, bottom\n 1.0f, 0.0f, // right, bottom\n};\n\nstatic const float texture_vertices_90[] = {\n 1.0f, 0.0f, // right, bottom\n 1.0f, 1.0f, // right, top\n 0.0f, 0.0f, // left, bottom\n 0.0f, 1.0f, // left, top\n};\n\nstatic const float texture_vertices_90_input[] = {\n 1.0f, 1.0f, // right, top\n 1.0f, 0.0f, // right, bottom\n 0.0f, 1.0f, // left, top\n 0.0f, 0.0f, // left, bottom\n};\n\nstatic const float texture_vertices_180[] = {\n 1.0f, 1.0f, // righ, top\n 0.0f, 1.0f, // left, top\n 1.0f, 0.0f, // right, bottom\n 0.0f, 0.0f, // left, bottom\n};\n\nstatic const float texture_vertices_180_input[] = {\n 1.0f, 0.0f, // right, bottom\n 0.0f, 0.0f, // left, bottom\n 1.0f, 1.0f, // right, top\n 0.0f, 1.0f, // left, top\n};\n\nstatic const float texture_vertices_270[] = {\n 0.0f, 1.0f, // left, top\n 0.0f, 0.0f, // left, bottom\n 1.0f, 1.0f, // right, top\n 1.0f, 0.0f, // right, bottom\n};\n\nstatic const float texture_vertices_270_input[] = {\n 0.0f, 0.0f, // left, bottom\n 0.0f, 1.0f, // left, top\n 1.0f, 0.0f, // right, bottom\n 1.0f, 1.0f, // right, top\n};\n\nstatic const float texture_vertices_flip_vertical[] = {\n 0.0f, 1.0f, // left, top\n 1.0f, 1.0f, // right, top\n 0.0f, 0.0f, // left, bottom\n 1.0f, 0.0f, // right, bottom\n};\n\nstatic const float texture_vertices_flip_horizontal[] = {\n 1.0f, 0.0f, // right, bottom\n 0.0f, 0.0f, // left, bottom\n 1.0f, 1.0f, // right, top\n 0.0f, 1.0f, // left, top\n};\n\nconst float *CoordinateUtils::getVertexCoordinates() {\n return vertices_default;\n}\n\nconst short *CoordinateUtils::getDefaultIndices() {\n return indices_default;\n}\n\nconst float *CoordinateUtils::getTextureCoordinates(const RotationMode &rotationMode) {\n switch (rotationMode) {\n case ROTATE_NONE: {\n return texture_vertices_none;\n }\n case ROTATE_90: {\n return texture_vertices_90;\n }\n\n case ROTATE_180: {\n return texture_vertices_180;\n }\n\n case ROTATE_270: {\n return texture_vertices_270;\n }\n\n case ROTATE_FLIP_VERTICAL: {\n return texture_vertices_flip_vertical;\n }\n\n case ROTATE_FLIP_HORIZONTAL: {\n return texture_vertices_flip_horizontal;\n }\n }\n return texture_vertices_none;\n}\n\n\nconst float *CoordinateUtils::getInputTextureCoordinates(const RotationMode &rotationMode) {\n switch (rotationMode) {\n case ROTATE_NONE: {\n return texture_vertices_none_input;\n }\n case ROTATE_90: {\n return texture_vertices_90_input;\n }\n\n case ROTATE_180: {\n return texture_vertices_180_input;\n }\n\n case ROTATE_270: {\n return texture_vertices_270_input;\n }\n\n case ROTATE_FLIP_VERTICAL: {\n return texture_vertices_flip_vertical;\n }\n\n case ROTATE_FLIP_HORIZONTAL: {\n return texture_vertices_flip_horizontal;\n }\n }\n return texture_vertices_none_input;\n}" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }

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[ "1.0 Nubian Ibexup for auction!!! ", "Bid Today. ", "This animal can be picked up in Leakey, TX, at the end of the auction or call the office to schedule a contracted delivery. ", "BID NOW!!!!", "\n\n*ALL SALES AS IS, WHERE IS. ", "NO GUARANTEE AGAINST SICKNESS, ACCIDENT OR DEATH. ", "Ownership of each item changes hands at the closing of each auction. ", "WE ACT AS AGENTS ONLY. ", "REMOVAL SHALL BE AT THE EXPENSE, LIABILITY AND RISK OF THE PURCHASER. ", "THE PURCHASER OF THIS PROPERTY CERTIFIES THAT THEY WILL ASSUME LIABILITY FOR THE PAYMENT OF ANY TAX THAT MAY BE DUE IF THIS TRANSACTION IS NOT EXEMPT FROM SUCH TAX. ", "PLEASE READ THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS ON THE WEBSITE FOR MORE INFORMATION WWW.WILDLIFEBUYER.COM.", "\n\n**The offer for sale is in the SELLERS STATE only for any animals that are listed on the US endangered species list, or cities, or under the condition all parties obtain any and all necessary permits.**", "\n\nPayment Options\n\nPayment Instructions:\nPayment due within 24 hours of auction closing. ", "Contact the Wildlife Buyer office to make arrangements. (", "210) 807-4247 After 24 hours a feed charge will incur for each animal won if no other arrangements have been made. ", "If WildlifeBuyer guarantee is available for this listing payment is due by 3 P.M. on the day that the listing auction closes if buyer wishes to activate guarantee. ", "If payment not received by 3pm on day auction closes there is no guarantee against injury or death." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

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[ "Immunohistological localization of AFP and HCG in uniformly classified testis tumors.", "\nSixty seven germ cell tumors were studied for the presence of AFP and HCG by an immunoperoxidase technique. ", "In the tumor tissues of 30 patients with seminomas no AFP-positivity was found, and in one case HCG positive giant cells were seen. ", "In nonseminomatous tumors 54% were AFP-positive and 51% were HCG-positive. ", "HCG was localized in syncytiotrophoblastic-like giant cells, occurring in choriocarcinomatous elements and as single cells in embryonal carcinomas, teratocarcinomas, and yolk sac tumors. ", "AFP was demonstrable in 12 endodermal sinus tumor elements and, additionally, in solid cell clusters in embryonal carcinoma areas, arising as a component of a mixed germ cell tumor. ", "In pure embryonal carcinomas we could not detect any positivity for either of the markers." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

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[ "To measure concentrations and 13C enrichments of glutamate, glutamine and gamma-amino butyrate (GABA) in the brain of normal volunteers and patients with hepatic encephalopathy during hyperglycemia using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "NIH ExPorter" }

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[ "No ranking das maiores taxas de juros da América Latina, o Brasil ganha disparado. ", "Um levantamento feito pela Proteste – Associação Brasileira de Defesa do Consumidor – com seis vizinhos latinos mostra que a taxa cobrada no rotativo do cartão de crédito é 10 vezes maior no Brasil que no segundo colocado, que é o Peru. ", "Lá, os juros médios cobrados do consumidor que entra no rotativo do cartão são de 43,7% ao ano, contra 436% no Brasil.", "\n\nLeia Também Grandes lojas ‘escondem’ taxa de compras a prazo\n\nNa Argentina, onde a inflação está na casa de 40% ao ano, os juros cobrados no rotativo do cartão de crédito são de, no máximo, 43,29% ao ano, segundo os dados da Proteste. ", "Já na Venezuela, que vive uma intensa crise econômica, há limites máximos estabelecidos: o juro no cartão não pode ultrapassar 29% ao ano. “", "Aqui no Brasil é praticamente impossível pagar o rotativo do cartão. ", "Mesmo sendo um crédito pré-aprovado, não deveria haver taxas tão abusivas”, afirma a economista da Proteste, Renata Pedro, responsável pelo levantamento.", "\n\nEla conta que, no levantamento, encontrou taxas que chegaram a 1.158% ao ano. ", "Nesse caso, calcula a economista, um consumidor que tiver uma fatura de R$ 1 mil e resolver pagar apenas o valor mínimo de 15%, no fim de 12 meses terá uma dívida de R$ 10 mil. “", "Não dá para entender como podem cobrar uma taxa tão discrepante (já que a Selic, que é a taxa básica de juros, está em 14% ao ano).”", "\n\nO levantamento da Proteste avaliou 181 cartões de 17 bancos ou operadoras. ", "Vários questionários foram enviados às instituições financeiras, mas apenas quatro responderam. “", "Começamos a ligar e pesquisar na internet. ", "Em alguns casos, chegamos a contratar os cartões para saber quanto cada banco cobrava efetivamente”, afirma Renata. ", "Nos demais países, como há uma regulamentação sobre a cobrança, as taxas dos cartões estão disponíveis em sites.", "\n\nEm nota, a Associação Brasileira das Empresas de Cartões de Crédito e Serviços (Abecs) afirma que, no Brasil, a maioria das transações com cartão de crédito não tem juros, pois os brasileiros financiam suas compras por meio do parcelado sem juros. ", "Além disso, 85% pagam a sua fatura em dia e apenas um entre dez usa o crédito rotativo. ", "E, quando entra nessa situação, fica em média 12 dias.", "\n\nFalta de concorrência. ", "Dentre os vários fatores que podem explicar o porquê de o Brasil ter taxas de juros tão altas ao consumidor no cartão de crédito em relação a seis países da América Latina, a mais plausível é a falta de concorrência entre as instituições financeiras.", "\n\nA opinião é da economista da Proteste (Associação Brasileira de Defesa do Consumidor) e responsável pelo levantamento sobre juros no cartão em países da América Latina, Renata Pedro. “", "Aqui, as instituições cobram o que querem. ", "Não há justificativa para taxas tão elevadas.”", "\n\nNas instituições, os argumentos variam do risco de inadimplência aos penduricalhos que elevam o custo dos bancos, como a carga tributária.", "\n\nSegundo dados do Banco Central (BC), a taxa de inadimplência do rotativo do cartão de crédito, em atrasos de 15 a 90 dias, estava em 15,7% em setembro - 2,3 pontos porcentuais menor que em igual período do ano passado. ", "No ano, entretanto, houve uma alta de 0,3 ponto porcentual. ", "Nesse mesmo período, o uso do rotativo do cartão subiu 17,4% em 12 meses e 12,8% no ano.", "\n\nNa avaliação da Associação Brasileira das Empresas de Cartões de Crédito e Serviços (Abecs), a análise comparativa de cartões precisa levar em conta a forma como o produto é usado em cada país.", "\n\nEnquanto no Brasil há o parcelamento sem juros no cartão de crédito, nos outros países, esse tipo de transação é a menor parte, e as pessoas usam o crédito rotativo para financiar suas compras.", "\n\nPara Renata, no entanto, a “invenção” do pagamento mínimo que existe no Brasil é uma armadilha que induz o consumidor a entrar na dívida." ]

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[ "Louis Brandeis House\n\nThe Louis Brandeis House is a National Historic Landmark on Judges Way, a private way off Stage Neck Road (off Cedar Street) in Chatham, Massachusetts. ", " It stands on a neck of land near the Oyster Pond River. ", " It received its landmark designation in 1972 as the principal summer residence of Louis Brandeis, an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court, who summered here from 1922 until his death in 1941.", "\n\nThe main block of the 1-1/2 story wood frame house was probably built in the early decades of the 19th century, and exhibits typical vernacular Cape architecture. ", " It has a five-bay facade, with a steeply pitched roof and a central chimney. ", " Both slopes of the gable roof have shed dormers that run most of the house's length; these were probably added in the 20th century before the Brandeises bought the property. ", " Two ells project from the rear of the house: a two-story kitchen and dormitory wing, and a single-story wing containing a maid's room, laundry, additional guest rooms, and a garage. ", " A rustic cottage northwest of the main house provides additional sleeping quarters. ", " The house's water was traditionally supplied by a windmill which was destroyed by a hurricane in 1944. ", " A porch once extended across the front and side of the house, but this was removed later in the 20th century, replaced by a brick patio.", "\n\nThe interior of the house has seen a number of alterations, both during and after Brandeis' time. ", " It has an early two-stage staircase between the front entry and the chimney, leading to a number of simple bedrooms on the second floor. ", " To the right of the entry a door leads the main bedroom, and to the left is the living room. ", " Both of these rooms have doorways to a narrow dining area at the back of the main block. ", " Brandeis' study, a glassed-in space, lay just off the main bedroom off the north end of the porch.", "\n\nLouis Brandeis was appointed to the Supreme Court in 1916 by President Woodrow Wilson. ", " His nomination was controversial, in part because he was the first Jew appointed, and because of his socially liberal views. ", " During his time on the court, the Brandeises lived in an apartment in Washington, D.C.. They fell in love with the Chatham area on a visit to the Cape in 1922, and purchased this property. ", " They returned here every summer. ", " Brandeis would work on cases, spend time with his family, and entertain guests. ", " He retired from the court in 1939, and died in Washington in 1941. ", " At the time of its National Historic Landmark designation in 1972, the property remained in the hands of his descendants.", "\n\nSee also\nList of National Historic Landmarks in Massachusetts\nNational Register of Historic Places listings in Barnstable County, Massachusetts\n\nReferences\n\nCategory:Chatham, Massachusetts\nCategory:National Historic Landmarks in Massachusetts\nCategory:Houses in Barnstable County, Massachusetts\nCategory:Louis Brandeis\nCategory:National Register of Historic Places in Barnstable County, Massachusetts\nCategory:Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Barnstable County, Massachusetts" ]

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[ " \nThe Hundred Days\n\nJoseph Roth\n\nTranslated by Richard Panchyk\n\nA NEW DIRECTIONS BOOK\nContents\n\nTHE HUNDRED DAYS\n\n_Translator's Afterword_\n\nThe Hundred Days\nBOOK ONE\n\nThe Return of the Great Emperor\n\nI\n\nThe sun emerged from the clouds, bloody-red, tiny, and irritable, but was quickly swallowed up again into the cold gray of the morning. ", "A sullen day was breaking. ", "It was March 20, a mere day before the start of spring. ", "One could see no sign of this. ", "It rained and stormed across the whole land, and the people shivered.", "\n\nThe weather in Paris had been stormy since the previous night. ", "The birds fell silent after a quick morning greeting. ", "Cold and spiteful wisps of mist rose insidiously from the cracks between the cobbles, moistening anew the stones that had just been blown dry by the morning wind. ", "The mist lingered about the willows and chestnuts in the parks and hovered along the edges of the avenues, causing the nascent tree buds to tremble, chasing clearly visible shivers along the damp backs of the patient livery horses and forcing down to ground level the industrious morning smoke that was here and there attempting to rise from chimneys. ", "The streets smelled of fire, mist, and rain, of damp clothes, of lurking snow clouds and temporarily averted hail, of unfriendly winds, soaked leather, and foul sewers.", "\n\nDespite this, the citizens of Paris did not remain in their homes. ", "They began to gather in the streets at an early hour. ", "They assembled themselves before the walls onto which broadsides had been affixed. ", "These papers carried the farewell message of the King of France. ", "Barely legible, they looked tear-soaked, for the night's rain had smeared the freshly inked letters and in places also dissolved the glue with which they were adhered to the stone. ", "From time to time, a stormy gust of wind would blow a sheet completely off the wall and deposit it into the black mud of the street. ", "These farewell words of the King of France met an ignoble fate, being ground into the muck of the road under the wheels of wagons, under the hooves of horses, and under the indifferent feet of pedestrians.", "\n\nMany of the loyalists regarded these sheets with a wistful devotion. ", "The heavens themselves seemed unfavorably disposed to him. ", "Gales and rains zealously endeavored to obliterate his farewell message. ", "Amid wind and rain, he had departed his palace and residence on the previous evening. \"", "Do not make my heart heavy, my children!\" ", "he had said when they got on their knees and begged him to stay. ", "He could not stay; the heavens were against him . . . ", "everyone could see this.", "\n\nHe was a good king. ", "Few loved him, but many in the country liked him. ", "He did not have a kind heart, but he was royal. ", "He was old, portly, slow, peaceable, and proud. ", "He had known the misfortune of homelessness, for he had grown old in exile. ", "Like every unfortunate, he did not trust anyone. ", "He loved moderation, peace, and quiet. ", "He was lonely and aloof — for true kings are all lonely and aloof. ", "He was poor and old, portly and slow, dignified, deliberate, and unhappy. ", "Few loved him, but there were many in the land who liked him.", "\n\nThe old King was fleeing a menacing shadow — the shadow of the mighty Emperor Napoleon, who had for the last twenty days been on the march toward the capital. ", "The Emperor cast his shadow before him, and it was a ponderous one. ", "He cast it over France and over practically the entire world. ", "He was known throughout France and the entire earth. ", "His majesty was not derived through birth. ", "Power was his majesty. ", "His crown was a conquest and a capture, not an inheritance. ", "He came from an unknown family. ", "He even brought glory to his nameless ancestors. ", "He had conferred splendor upon them instead of gaining it through them, as was the case for those who were born emperors and kings. ", "Thus he was equally related to all the nameless masses as he was to old-fashioned majesty. ", "By exalting himself he ennobled, crowned, and exalted each and every one of the nameless masses, and they loved him for that. ", "For many years he had terrorized, besieged, and reined in the great ones of this earth, and that was the reason the commoners saw him as their avenger and accepted him as their lord. ", "They loved him because he seemed to be one of them — and because he was nonetheless greater than them. ", "He was an encouraging example to them.", "\n\nThe Emperor's name was known across the world — but few actually knew anything about him. ", "For, like a true king, he was also lonely. ", "He was loved and hated, feared and venerated, but seldom understood. ", "People could only hate him or love him; fear him or worship him as a god. ", "He was human.", "\n\nHe knew hate, love, fear, and veneration. ", "He was strong and weak, daring and despondent, loyal and treacherous, passionate and cold, arrogant and simple, proud and humble, powerful and pitiable, trusting and suspicious.", "\n\nHe promised the people liberty and dignity — but whoever entered into his service surrendered their freedom and gave themselves completely to him. ", "He held the people and the nations in low regard, yet nonetheless he courted their favor. ", "He despised those who were born kings but desired their friendship and recognition. ", "He believed in God yet did not fear Him. ", "He was familiar with death but did not want to die. ", "He placed little value upon life yet wished to enjoy it. ", "He had no use for love but wanted to have women. ", "He did not believe in loyalty and friendship yet searched tirelessly for friends. ", "He scorned the world but wanted to conquer it anyway. ", "He placed no trust in men until they were prepared to die for him — thus he made them into soldiers. ", "So that he might be certain of their affection, he taught them to obey him. ", "In order for him to be certain of them, they had to die. ", "He wished to bring happiness to the world, and he became its plague. ", "Yet he was loved even for his weak ways. ", "For when he showed himself to be weak, the people realized he was one of their own kind, and they loved him because they felt a connection to him. ", "And when he showed himself to be strong, they also loved him for that very reason, because he seemed not to be one of them. ", "Those who did not love him hated him or feared him. ", "He was both firm and fickle, true and treacherous, bold and shy, exalted and modest.", "\n\nAnd now he was standing at the gates of Paris.", "\n\nThe orders that the King had introduced were discarded, in some instances out of fear and in others out of elation.", "\n\nThe colors of the King and his royal house had been white. ", "Those who had acknowledged him wore white bows on their jackets.", "\n\nBut, as if by accident, hundreds had suddenly lost their white bows. ", "Now they lay, rejected and disgraced butterflies, in the black muck of the streets.", "\n\nThe flower of the King and his royal house had been the virginally pure lily. ", "Now, hundreds of lilies, of silk and cloth, lay discarded, disowned, and disgraced in the black muck of the streets.", "\n\nThe colors of the approaching Emperor, however, were blue, white, and red; blue as the sky and the distant future; white as the snow and death; and red as blood and freedom.", "\n\nSuddenly, thousands of people appeared in the streets of the city wearing blue-white-red bows in their buttonholes and on their hats.", "\n\nAnd instead of the proud, virginal lily, they wore the most unassuming of all flowers, the violet.", "\n\nThe violet is a humble and sturdy flower. ", "It embodies the virtues of the anonymous masses. ", "Nearly unrecognized, it blooms in the shadows of imposing trees, and with a modest yet dignified precocity it is the first of all the flowers to greet the spring. ", "And its dark-blue sheen is equally reminiscent of the morning mist before daybreak and the evening mist before nightfall. ", "It was the Emperor's flower. ", "He was known as the \"Father of the Violet.\"", "\n\nThousands of people could be seen streaming from the outskirts of Paris toward the center of the city, toward the palace, all of them adorned with violets. ", "It was one day before the start of spring, an unfriendly day, a sullen welcome for spring. ", "The violet, however, the bravest of all flowers, was already blooming in the woods outside the gates of Paris. ", "It was as though these people from the suburbs were carrying the spirit of spring into the city of stone, toward the palace of stone. ", "The freshly plucked bouquets of violets shone a radiant blue at the ends of the sticks held aloft by the men, between the warm and swelling breasts of the women, on the hats and caps that were being waved high in the air, in the joyful hands of the workers and craftsmen, on the swords of the officers, on the drums of the old percussionists and the silver cornets of the old trumpeters. ", "At the front of some of the groups marched the drummers of the old Imperial Army. ", "They rapped out old battle melodies on their old calfskin drums, let their drumsticks fly through the air and caught them again, like slender homing pigeons, in fatherly hands held open in welcome. ", "Heading up other groups, or contained within their midst, marched the ancient trumpeters of the old army, who from time to time set their instruments upon their lips and blew the old battle calls of the Emperor, the simple, melancholy calls to death and triumph, each of which reminded a soldier of his own pledge to die for the Emperor and also of the last sigh of a beloved wife before he left her to lay down for the Emperor. ", "In the midst of all the people, raised upon shoulders, were the Emperor's old officers. ", "They swayed, or rather were swayed, above the surging heads of the crowd like living, human banners. ", "They had their swords drawn. ", "On the sword tips fluttered their hats, like little black flags decorated with the tricolored cockades of the Emperor and the people of France. ", "And from time to time, as if compelled to release the oppressive longing that had quickly built up in their hearts once again, the men and women cried out: \"Long live France! ", "Long live the Emperor! ", "Long live the people! ", "Long live the Father of the Violet! ", "Long live liberty! ", "Long live the Emperor!\" ", "And once more: \"Long live the Emperor!\" ", "Often, some enthusiast from within the center of the crowd would begin to sing. ", "He sang the old songs of the old soldiers, from battles of days past, the songs that celebrate man's farewell to life, his prayer before death, the sung confession of the soldier lacking the time for final exoneration. ", "They were songs proclaiming love of both life and death. ", "They were tunes in which one could hear undertones of marching regiments and clattering muskets. ", "Suddenly someone struck up a song that had not been heard for a long time, the \"Marseillaise\" — and all the many thousands joined in singing it. ", "It was the song of the French people. ", "It was the song of liberty and duty. ", "It was the song of the motherland and of the whole world. ", "It was the song of the Emperor just as the violet was his flower, as the eagle was his bird, as white, blue, and red were his colors. ", "It glorified victory and even cast its sheen upon lost battles. ", "It gave voice to the spirit of triumph and its brother death. ", "Within it was both despair and reassurance. ", "Anyone who sang the \"Marseillaise\" to himself joined the powerful community and fellowship of the many whose song it was. ", "And anyone who sang it in the company of many others could feel his own loneliness in spite of the crowd. ", "For the \"Marseillaise\" proclaimed both victory and defeat, communion with the world and the isolation of spirit, man's deceptive might and actual powerlessness. ", "It was the song of life and the song of death. ", "It was the song of the French people.", "\n\nThey sang it on the day that the Emperor Napoleon returned home.", "\nII\n\nMany of his old friends hurried to meet him even as he was still on his way home. ", "Others prepared to greet him in the city. ", "The King's white banners had been hastily removed from the tower of the city hall, already replaced by the fluttering blue, white, and red of the Emperor. ", "On the walls, which even that same morning had still carried the King's farewell message, there were now posted new broadsides, no longer rain-soaked and tear-stained, but clear, legible, clean, and dry. ", "At their tops, mighty and steadfast, soared the Imperial eagle, spreading its strong, black wings in protection of the neat black type, as if he himself had dropped them, letter by letter, from his threatening yet eloquent beak. ", "It was the Emperor's manifesto. ", "Once again the Parisians gathered at these same walls, and in each group read, in a loud voice, the Emperor's words. ", "They had a different tone from the King's wistful farewell. ", "The Emperor's words were polished and powerful and carried the roll of drums, the clarion call of trumpets, and the stormy melody of the \"Marseillaise.\" ", "And it seemed as if the voice of each reader of the Emperor's words was transformed into the voice of the Emperor himself. ", "Yes, he who had not yet arrived was already speaking to the people of Paris through ten thousand heralds sent on ahead. ", "Soon, the very broadsides themselves seemed to be speaking from the walls. ", "The printed words had voices, the letters trumpeted their message, and above them the mighty yet peacefully hovering eagle, seemed to stir his wings. ", "The Emperor was coming. ", "His voice was already speaking from all the walls.", "\n\nHis old friends, the old dignitaries and their wives, hurried to the palace. ", "The generals and ministers put on their old uniforms, pinned on their Imperial decorations, and viewed themselves in the mirror before leaving their homes, feeling that they had only recently been revived. ", "Even more elated were the ladies of the Imperial court, as they once more donned their old clothes. ", "They were accustomed to viewing their youth as a thing of the past, their beauty as faded, their glory as lost. ", "Now, however, as they put on their clothes, the symbols of their youth and their triumphant glory, they could actually believe that time had stood still since the Emperor's departure. ", "Time, woman's enemy, had been halted in its track; the rolling hours, the creeping weeks, the murderously slow and boring months, had been only a bad dream. ", "Their mirrors lied no more. ", "Once again, they revealed the true images of youth. ", "And with victorious steps, on feet more joyously winged than those of youth — for their feet were revived and had awakened to a second youth — the ladies entered their carriages and headed toward the palace amid cheers from the thronging, waiting crowds.", "\n\nThey waited in the gardens before the palace, clamoring at the gates. ", "In every arriving minister and general they saw another of the Emperor's emissaries. ", "Besides these exalted persons, there came also the lesser staff of the Emperor — the old cooks and coachmen and bakers and laundresses, grooms and riding-masters, tailors and cobblers, masons and upholsterers, lackeys and maids. ", "And they began to prepare the palace for the Emperor so he would find it just as he had left it, with no reminders of the King who had fled. ", "The exalted ladies and gentlemen joined the lowly servants in this work. ", "In fact, the ladies of the Imperial court worked even more zealously than the servants. ", "Disregarding their dignity and the damage to their delicate clothing or their carefully cultivated fingernails, they scratched, clawed, and peeled from the walls the tapestries and the white lilies of the King with vindictiveness, fury, impatience, and enthusiasm. ", "Under the King's tapestries were the old and familiar symbols of the Emperor — countless golden bees with widespread, glassy, and delicately veined little wings and black-striped hind ends, Imperial insects, industrious manufacturers of sweetness. ", "Soldiers carried in the Imperial eagles of shiny, golden brass and placed them in every corner, so that at the very moment of his arrival, the Emperor would know that his soldiers were awaiting him — even those who had not been able to be at his side upon his entrance.", "\n\nIn the meantime, night was falling, and the Emperor had still not arrived. ", "The lanterns in front of the palace were lit. ", "Streetlamps at every corner flared. ", "They battled against fog, dampness, and the wind.", "\n\nThe people waited and waited. ", "Finally, they heard the orderly trot of military horses' hooves. ", "They knew it was the Thirteenth Dragoons. ", "At the head of the squadron rode the Colonel, sabre shining a narrow flash in the gloom of the night. ", "The Colonel cried: \"Make way for the Emperor!\" ", "As he sat high upon his chestnut steed, which was barely visible in the darkness, his wide, pale face with its great black mustache over the heads of the thronging crowd, unsheathed weapon in his raised hand, repeating from time to time his cry \"Make way for the Emperor!\" ", "and occasionally lit by the yellowish glint of the flickering streetlamps, he reminded the crowd of the militant and supposedly cruel guardian angel that was alleged to personally accompany the Emperor, for it seemed to the people that the Emperor, at this hour, was issuing orders even to his own guardian angel . . .", "\n\nSoon his dragoon-escorted coach came into view, the rumble of its hurried wheels inaudible over the trampling of the horses' hooves.", "\n\nIt stopped at the palace.", "\n\nAs the Emperor left the carriage, many pale, open hands reached for him. ", "At that moment, entranced by the imploring hands, he lost his will and consciousness. ", "These loving white hands that stretched toward him seemed to him more terrible than if they had belonged to armed enemies. ", "Each hand was like a loving, yearning pale face. ", "The love that streamed toward the Emperor from these bright, outstretched hands was like an intense and dangerous plea. ", "What were the hands demanding? ", "What did they want from him? ", "These hands were praying, demanding, and compelling all at once; hands raised as if to the gods.", "\n\nHe shut his eyes and could feel the hands lifting him and carrying him along on unsteady shoulders up the palace steps. ", "He heard the familiar voice of his friend General Lavalette: \"It is you! ", "It's you! ", "It's you — my Emperor!\" ", "From the voice and the breath on his face he realized that his friend was in front of him, climbing the steps backward. ", "The Emperor opened his eyes — and saw the open arms of his friend Lavalette and the white silhouette of his face.", "\n\nThis startled him, so he closed his eyes again. ", "As if sleeping or unconscious, he was carried, led and supported along to his old room. ", "Both frightened and happy, he seated himself at his writing table with a fearful joy in his heart.", "\n\nHe saw some of his old friends in the room as if through a fog. ", "From the direction of the street, on the other side of the shut windows, he heard the boisterous shouts of the people, the whinnying of horses, the clinking of weapons, the high-pitched ring of spurs, and, from the hall behind the high white door opposite his seat, the murmuring and whispering of many voices; from time to time he seemed to recognize one of them. ", "He was aware of everything that was going on; it seemed clear and immediate yet vague and distant, and all of it instilled in him both happiness and a feeling of awe. ", "He felt that he was finally home and was at the same time being rescued from some kind of storm. ", "Slowly he forced himself to pay attention; he commanded his eyes to notice and his ears to listen. ", "He sat, perfectly still, at the writing table. ", "The cries from just outside the windows were intended for him alone. ", "It was for his sake that so many voices were murmuring and whispering in the hall beyond the closed door. ", "Suddenly it seemed to him that he was looking at all of his countless thousands of friends throughout the entire great land of France, who were standing and waiting for him. ", "Throughout the whole country millions cried, as hundreds were doing here: \"Long live the Emperor!\" ", "In all the rooms of the palace they were whispering, chattering, and talking about him. ", "He would have enjoyed allowing himself some leisure to think about himself from a stranger's perspective. ", "But, behind his back, he could hear the ruthlessly steady ticking of the clock on the mantel. ", "Time was passing; the clock began to strike the hour in a thin and sorrowful tone. ", "It was eleven, one hour before midnight. ", "The Emperor stood up.", "\n\nHe approached the window. ", "From all the towers of the city the bells chimed the eleventh hour. ", "He loved the bells. ", "He had loved them since childhood. ", "He had little regard for churches and stood at a loss and sometimes even timidly before the Cross, but he loved the bells. ", "They stirred his heart. ", "Their chiming voices made him solemn. ", "They seemed to be announcing more than just the hour and celebration of worship. ", "They were the tongues of Heaven. ", "What inhabitant of earth could comprehend their golden language? ", "Every hour they rang out devoutly, and they alone knew which was the decisive hour. ", "He remained at the window and listened eagerly to the fading echoes. ", "Then he turned abruptly. ", "He went to the door and yanked it open. ", "He stood at the threshold and allowed his gaze to sweep across the faces of those who had assembled. ", "They were all present; he recognized every last one, never having forgotten, since he himself created them. ", "There were Régis de Cambacérès, Duke of Parma; the Dukes of Bassano, Rovigno and Gaeta, Thibaudeau, Decrès, Daru, and Davout. ", "He glanced back into the room — there were his friends Caulaincourt and Exelmans and the naive young Fleury de Chaboulon. ", "Yes, he still had friends. ", "Some had betrayed him on occasion. ", "Was he a god, who should scorn and punish? ", "He was but a man. ", "They, however, took him for a god. ", "As from a god they demanded anger and revenge; as from a god they also expected forgiveness. ", "But he had no time left to act like a god and become angry, punish, and forgive. ", "He had no time. ", "More clearly than the shouts of the crowd outside his windows and the racket made by his dragoons in the gardens and house, he could hear the soft but ruthless ticking of the clock on the mantel behind him. ", "He had no time left to punish. ", "He only had time to forgive and allow himself to be loved, to bestow and to give: favors, titles, and posts, all the pathetic presents an Emperor may give. ", "Generosity requires less time than ire. ", "He was generous. ", "\nIII\n\nThe bells struck midnight. ", "Time was flying, time was running out. ", "The cabinet! ", "The government! ", "The Emperor needed a government! ", "Can one govern without ministers and without friends? ", "The ministers whom one appoints to oversee others must themselves be overseen! ", "The friends one trusts, they themselves become distrustful and awaken distrust! ", "Those who today cheer before the windows and turn night into day are fickle! ", "The God in whom one puts one's trust is unknown and unseen. ", "The Emperor has now assembled his cabinet. ", "Names! ", "Names! ", "Decrès will be in charge of the Navy and Caulaincourt the Ministry of Foreign Affairs; Mollieu in charge of the Treasury and Gaudin overseeing Finances; Carnot will, he hopes, be the Minister of the Interior; Cambacérès the Lord Chancellor. ", "Names! ", "Names! ", "From the towers strikes one, then two, and before long it will be daybreak . . . ", "Who will oversee the police?", "\n\nThe Emperor needed police and not just a guardian angel. ", "The Emperor remembered his old Police Minister. ", "His name was Fouché. ", "The Emperor could easily order the arrest of this hated man, even his death. ", "Fouché had betrayed him. ", "He knew all the secrets in the land and all the Emperor's friends and enemies. ", "He could betray and protect — and both at the same time. ", "Yes, all of the Emperor's trusted friends had mentioned this man's name. ", "He was clever, they said, and loyal to the powerful. ", "Was the Emperor not mighty? ", "Could anyone dare doubt his power or be allowed to see his anxiety? ", "Was there a man in the country whom the Emperor should fear?", "\n\n\"Get me Fouché!\" ", "ordered the Emperor. \"", "And leave me alone!\"", "\nIV\n\nHe looked around the room for the first time since he had entered. ", "He stood before the mirror. ", "He observed the reflection of his upper body. ", "He furrowed his brows, tried to smile, pursed his lips, opened his mouth, and regarded his healthy white teeth. ", "He smoothed his black hair down onto his forehead with his finger and smiled at his reflection, the great Emperor grinning at the great Emperor. ", "He was pleased with himself. ", "He took a few steps back and examined himself anew. ", "He was alone but he was strong, young, and vibrant. ", "He feared no treachery.", "\n\nHe walked about the room, looked at the tattered lilies of the recently ripped-down tapestries, smirked, lifted one of the brass eagles that stood in the corner, and finally stopped before a small altar. ", "It was a smooth piece made of black wood. ", "A forlorn, faint odor of incense escaped from the closed drawer, and on the altar stood, spectral white, a small ivory crucifix. ", "The bony, angular, and bearded face of the Crucified One stood out, unmoving, unchanging, and eternal, in the room lit only by flickering candlelight. ", "They had forgotten to dismantle the altar, thought the Emperor. ", "Here had the King kneeled every morning. ", "But Christ had not heard him! \"", "I don't need it!\" ", "the Emperor suddenly cried out. \"", "Away with it!\" ", "He raised his hand. ", "And it was at that moment that he felt he should kneel. ", "But at the very same instant he brushed the cross to the ground with the back of his hand, which he had opened as if to smack someone across the head. ", "It fell with a hard, dull thud to the narrow swath of uncarpeted flooring. ", "The Emperor bent down. ", "The cross was broken. ", "The Savior lay on the narrow strip of pale, bare floor, His thin ivory arms outstretched, no longer torturously constrained by the Cross. ", "His white beard and narrow nose faced the ceiling, with only His crossed legs and feet still attached to what was left of the little crucifix.", "\n\nAt that moment someone knocked on the door and announced the Minister of Police. ", "\nV\n\nThe Emperor remained where he was standing. ", "His left boot covered the whitish crucifix fragments. ", "He folded his arms, as was his custom when he was waiting, when he was pondering or when he wished to create the impression he was thinking. ", "He held himself such that he could feel his body and count and regulate his heartbeat with his right hand. ", "People knew and loved this stance of his. ", "He had rehearsed it hundreds of times before the mirror. ", "He had been painted and drawn in this pose thousands of times. ", "These pictures hung in thousands of rooms in France and all over the world, even in Russia and Egypt. ", "Yes, he knew his Police Minister — dangerous, skeptical, old, and unchanging, a man who had never been young and had never believed in anything. ", "A scrawny, brilliant spider who had woven webs and destroyed them; tenacious, patient, and without passion. ", "This most doubtful of men, this faithless priest, was received by the Emperor in the stance in which millions of his followers were used to seeing him. ", "As he stood there, arms crossed, he not only felt it himself but also made this hated man feel the faith of the millions of followers who revered and loved the Emperor with his folded arms. ", "The Emperor waited for the Minister like a statue of himself.", "\n\nThe Minister was now standing before him in the room, head bowed. ", "The Emperor did not move. ", "It was as if the Minister had not bowed his head as one does before the great ones but rather as one does when one is hiding one's face or searching for something on the ground. ", "The Emperor thought of the broken crucifix, which he was covering with his left boot and would certainly have hidden from anyone, not only the glare of this policeman. ", "It seemed to the Emperor undignified to move from his place yet also undignified to be concealing something.", "\n\n\"Look at me!\" ", "he ordered, injecting his voice with its old, victorious ring. ", "The Minister lifted his head. ", "He had a wizened face and eyes of indeterminable color, somewhere between pale and dark, which endeavored in vain to stay wide open, to counter the compulsion of the eyelids, which kept drooping on their own, although he seemed constantly to be trying to keep them up. ", "His Imperial uniform was immaculate and proper, but, as though to indicate the unusual hour of night at which its wearer found himself requested, it was not completely closed. ", "As if by accident, a button on his vest had been left undone. ", "The Emperor was to notice this defect, and he did. \"", "Finish dressing!\" ", "he said. ", "The Minister smiled and closed the button.", "\n\n\"Your Majesty,\" began the Minister, \"I am your servant!\"", "\n\n\"A faithful servant!\" ", "said the Emperor.", "\n\n\"One of your truest!\" ", "replied the Minister.", "\n\n\"That has not been particularly noticeable,\" said the Emperor softly, \"in the last ten months.\"", "\n\n\"But in the last two,\" answered the Minister, \"I have been preparing myself for the joy of seeing Your Majesty here now. ", "For the last two months.\"", "\n\nThe Minister spoke slowly and faintly. ", "He neither raised nor lowered his voice. ", "The words crept out of his small mouth like plump, well-fed shadows, robust enough to be audible but mindful not to seem as vigorous as the Emperor's words. ", "He kept his long, slightly bent hands calmly and respectfully at his sides. ", "It was as if he were also paying homage with his hands.", "\n\n\"I've decided,\" said the Emperor, \"to bury the past. ", "Do you hear, Fouché? ", "The past! ", "It is not very pleasant.\"", "\n\n\"It is not pleasant, Your Majesty.\"", "\n\nHe grows trusting, thought the Emperor.", "\n\n\"There will be much to do, Fouché,\" he said. \"", "These people mustn't be given time. ", "We must anticipate them. ", "Incidentally, is there any news from Vienna?\"", "\n\n\"Bad news, Majesty,\" said the Minister. \"", "The Imperial Minister for Foreign Affairs, Monsieur Talleyrand, has spoiled everything. ", "He serves the enemies of Your Majesty better than he has ever served Your Majesty. ", "I have never — as Your Majesty will recall — taken him for sincere. ", "There will be much to do, truly! ", "A steady hand will be required to carry out all the tasks . . .\"", "\n\nFouché kept his hands at his sides, half closed, as if hiding something in them. ", "The rather lengthy gold-embroidered palms on his sleeves seemed to purposely conceal his wrists. ", "Only the long, eager fingers were visible. ", "Traitor's fingers, thought the Emperor. ", "Fingers made for spinning malicious little tales at a writing-table. ", "These hands have no muscles. ", "I will not make him my Foreign Minister!", "\n\nWhile he was pondering, the Emperor had unintentionally lifted his foot off the crucifix fragments. ", "He wanted to go to the window. ", "He thought he saw Fouché stealing a glimpse at the cross from under his sagging eyelids, and he felt embarrassed. ", "He took a quick step forward, lifted his chin and said in a loud and commanding voice, so as to bring the meeting to a rapid end: \"I appoint you my Minister!\"", "\n\nThe Minister did not budge. ", "Only the lid of his right eye rose a bit above the pupil, as though he were just waking. ", "It seemed his eye was listening but not his ear.", "\n\nIn a voice that seemed to the Minister rather casually unceremonious, the Emperor continued: \"You will head the Ministry of Police, which you have previously overseen in such a meritorious fashion.\"", "\n\nAt that moment, the interested eyelid fell back over the pupil. ", "It veiled a slight green gleam.", "\n\nThe Minister did not move. ", "He is pondering, thought the Emperor, and he is pondering too long.", "\n\nFinally Fouché bowed. ", "From a rather dry throat came his words: \"It gives me sincere pleasure to be permitted to serve Your Majesty once again.\"", "\n\n\" _Au revoir_ , Duke of Otranto,\" said the Emperor.", "\n\nFouché rose up from his bow. ", "He stood rigidly for a little while, gazing wide-eyed with astonishment in the direction of the Emperor's boots, between which lay the shimmering bits of the crucifix.", "\n\nThen he left.", "\n\nHe strode through the hall, occasionally offering a half-hearted greeting to an acquaintance without lifting his head. ", "His steps were silent. ", "He walked gently in light shoes, as though in stockinged feet, down the stone steps, past the crouching, lying, and snoring dragoons, into the garden, past the whinnying and pawing horses, past the half-lit rooms and not yet fully closed doors. ", "He moved carefully among the strewn harnesses and leather gear. ", "When he stood before the gate he whistled softly. ", "His secretary appeared. \"", "Good morning, Gaillard,\" he said. \"", "We're policemen again. ", "He can only make war and not politics! ", "In three months I will be more than him!\" ", "He indicated with his finger backward over his shoulder toward the palace.", "\n\n\"It already looks like an army camp,\" said Gaillard.", "\n\n\"It already looks like war,\" replied the Minister.", "\n\n\"Yes,\" said Gaillard. \"", "But a lost one.\"", "\n\nSide by side, like brothers, they went down the street into the late-night mist, completely at home in it, and soon completely enveloped by it.", "\nVI\n\nTime was inexorable, appearing to the Emperor to pass more rapidly than ever before in his life. ", "Sometimes he had the humiliating feeling that it no longer obeyed him as it had years ago. ", "Years ago! ", "he said to himself and started to calculate, then caught himself at it, thinking and counting like an old man. ", "Previously he alone had ordained and directed the course of the hours. ", "It was he who shaped and filled them, it was his might and name that they proclaimed in many corners of the world. ", "These days, perhaps the people still obeyed him, but time was fleeing from him, melting away and vanishing whenever he attempted to grasp it. ", "Or maybe the people no longer obeyed him either! ", "To think, he had only left them on their own for a brief while. ", "For a few short months they had ceased to feel his taming, alluring glance, the firm yet flattering touch of his hand, the threatening and tender, the harsh and seductive tones of his voice. ", "No, they certainly had not forgotten him — could anyone forget a man of his kind? — ", "but they had lost touch with him. ", "They had lived without him, many of them even turning against him and falling into league with his royal enemies. ", "They had grown accustomed to living without him.", "\n\nHe sat there, alone amid a frequently changing selection of acquaintances and friends. ", "Soon his brothers, sisters, and mother came. ", "Time passed. ", "It grew brighter and warmer, and the spring of Paris became vigorous and magnificent. ", "It seemed practically like summer. ", "The blackbirds warbled in the Tuileries gardens, and the lilacs had already begun to emit their deliberate, strong fragrance. ", "On many an evening the Emperor could hear the nightingale's song as he walked alone through the garden, hands behind his back, gaze lowered toward the gravel pathway. ", "Spring had arrived. ", "At such times he realized that all his life he had been aware of the ever-changing seasons in the same way that he had been used to taking notice of favorable or unfavorable opportunities, of precisely followed or completely misunderstood orders, of agreeable or objectionable situations, of Nature's benevolent or malevolent moods. ", "The earth was a terrain, the sky a friend or enemy, the hill an observation point, the valley a trap, the brook an obstacle, the mountain a shelter, the forest an ambush, the night a respite, the morning an offensive, daytime a battle, and evening a victory or a defeat. ", "It had been that simple. ", "Years ago! ", "thought the Emperor.", "\n\nHe returned home. ", "He wanted to see the painting of his son. ", "In gloomy times he longed for his child more than his own mother. ", "Abnormal as he was, the product of a caprice of Nature, it was as if he had perverted its laws, and he was no longer the child of his race, but had in truth become the father of his forefathers. ", "His ancestors lived through his name. ", "And Nature was vengeful — he knew that! ", "Since it had allowed him to endow his forefathers with glory, it was bound to keep him apart from his own offspring. ", "My child! ", "thought the Emperor. ", "He thought of his son with the tenderness of a father, of a mother, and also that of a child. ", "My unhappy child! ", "he thought. ", "He is my son — is he also my heir? ", "Is Nature so benevolent that she will bring forth my mirror image? ", "I have fathered him; he was born to me. ", "I want to see him.", "\n\nHe looked upon the picture, at the chubby-cheeked face of the King of Rome. ", "He was a good, round child, like thousands of others, healthy and innocent. ", "His soft eyes gazed out with devotion into the still unknown, terrible, beautiful, and dangerous world. ", "He is my blood! ", "thought the Emperor. ", "There will be nothing left to conquer, but he will be able to preserve what he has. ", "I have good advice for him . . . ", "yet I cannot see him!", "\n\nThe Emperor took a couple of steps back. ", "It was late afternoon, and the twilight seeped through the open window and crept slowly up the walls. ", "The dark clothes of the Imperial son merged with it imperceptibly. ", "Only his sweet and distant face continued to shine with a pale luminosity. ", "\nVII\n\nOn the table was an hourglass of polished beryl. ", "Through its narrow neck, filling the bottom bulb, flowed a relentless stream of soft yellowish sand. ", "It seemed only to be a slow trickle, yet the bottom appeared to fill quickly. ", "Thus the Emperor had his enemy, Time, constantly before his eyes. ", "He often amused himself with the childish game of tipping the glass before the sand had finished its journey. ", "He believed in the mysterious significance of dates, days, and hours. ", "He had returned on March 20. ", "His son had been born on March 20. ", "And it was on March 20 that he had one of his guileless enemies executed — the Duke of Enghien. ", "The Emperor had an excellent memory — but so did the dead. ", "How long until the dead took their revenge?", "\n\nThe Emperor heard the hours passing even when speaking to his ministers, friends, or advisors, and also when outside, before the windows, the frenzied crowd was issuing its shouts. ", "The patient, measured, uniform voice of the clock was stronger than the roaring of the masses. ", "And he loved it more than the voice of the people. ", "The people were fickle friends, but Time was a loyal enemy. ", "Those hateful cries still rang in his ears, the ones he had heard when he departed the country ten months earlier, vanquished and powerless. ", "Every jubilant shout from this crowd was a painful reminder of each of the hateful cries of the other crowd.", "\n\nOh! ", "He still had to rally those who were unsteady in their faith, to make the liars believe they were not lying to him and to show love to those he did not love. ", "He envied his enemy, the lethargic old king who had fled with his arrival. ", "The King had ruled in God's name and through the strength of his ancestors alone had kept the peace. ", "He, however, the Emperor, had to make war. ", "He was only the general of his soldiers.", "\nVIII\n\nIt was a mild morning in April. ", "The Emperor left the palace. ", "He rode through the city on his white horse, wrapped in his gray military cloak, wearing his martial yet delicate boots of soft kid leather on which his gallant silver spurs shimmered menacingly, black hat on lowered head, which from time to time he unexpectedly lifted as though he were suddenly coming out of deep meditation. ", "He paced his animal. ", "It drummed with its hooves softly and evenly upon the stones. ", "As those who watched the Emperor ride by heard the patter of the horse's hooves, they had the feeling they were listening to the hypnotic, measured call of threatening war drums. ", "They remained still, removed their hats, and shouted \"Long live the Emperor!\" — ", "moved, unsettled, and also certainly shocked at the sight of him. ", "They knew this image from the thousands of portraits that hung in their rooms and the rooms of their friends, decorated the edges of the plates from which they ate each day, the cups from which they drank, and the metallic handles of the knives with which they sliced their bread. ", "It was an intimate, familiar, yes, quite familiar picture of the great Emperor in his gray cloak and his black hat on his white horse. ", "That was the reason they were often startled when they saw it come to life — the living Emperor, the living horse, the genuine cloak, the actual hat.", "\n\nHe rode considerably ahead of his retinue; the magnificently uniformed generals and ministers followed at a respectful distance.", "\n\nThe cheery early sunlight was filtering through the fresh, light-green crowns of the trees along the edges of the avenues and in the gardens of Paris. ", "The people did not wish to believe the sinister rumors that came from many corners of the country. ", "For days now there had been talk of revolts against the Emperor by those still loyal to the King. ", "It was also said that the powerful ones of the world had decided to destroy the Emperor and France along with him. ", "Fortified and terrible, the enemy waited at all the borders of the land. ", "The Empress was in Vienna at the house of her father, the Austrian Emperor. ", "She did not come home; they would not let her return to France. ", "The Emperor's son was also being held captive in Vienna. ", "Death was lying in wait at all the French frontiers. ", "Yet on this bright day the people were willing to forget about the sinister rumors, the war waiting at the frontiers and lurking death. ", "They preferred to believe the happy news that the papers printed. ", "And when they saw the Emperor riding through the city, looking just as they had always imagined him, mighty and serene, clever and great and bold, the Lord of Battles, riding in the young spring of the Parisian streets, it seemed obvious to them that the heavens were on their side, the Emperor's side, and they released themselves to the comforting melody of this joyous day and their joyful hearts.", "\n\nThe Emperor was riding to Saint-Germain, as it was Parade Day. ", "The Emperor halted. ", "He removed his hat. ", "He saluted the assembled people of Saint-Germain, the workers and soldiers. ", "He knew that the simple folk liked his smooth black hair and the smooth curl that fell over his forehead of its own will and yet obediently. ", "He looked perfectly poor and simple to those poor and simple people when he appeared before them bareheaded. ", "The sun was nearing its zenith and beat hotly upon his uncovered head. ", "He did not move. ", "He forced his horse and himself to uphold that statuesque stillness, the powerful effects of which he had known for years. ", "From the midst of the crowd, in which flamed hundreds of women's red scarves, came the familiar sour and greasy odor of sweat, the unpleasant smell of the poor on holiday, the scent of their jubilant excitement. ", "Emotion gripped the Emperor. ", "He sat, hat in hand. ", "He did not love the people. ", "He distrusted their enthusiasm and their smell. ", "But he smiled anyway from his white horse, the rigid sweetheart of the crowd, an Emperor and a monument.", "\n\nIn rigid squares stood the soldiers, his old soldiers. ", "How alike they looked, the sergeants, the corporals, and the privates, all of whom death had spared and who had been reabsorbed into the harsh poverty of peasant life. ", "One name after another occurred to the Emperor. ", "There were some whom he remembered well and whom he could have called out. ", "His heart was silent. ", "He was ashamed. ", "They loved him, and he was ashamed that they loved him because he could feel only sympathy for them. ", "He sat on his sunlit and doubly luminous white horse, his head uncovered, hemmed and pressed by the jubilation. ", "Inside the squares the old soldiers now began to beat their drums. ", "How well they drummed! ", "Now he waved his hat, and loosening the reins a bit and easing the pressure of his knees so that the horse understood and started to frisk, the Emperor began to speak — and it seemed to the people in the crowd as if the drums that they had just heard at this point were bestowed with a human voice, an Imperial voice. \"", "My comrades,\" began the Emperor, \"connoisseurs of my battles and my victories, witnesses to my fortunes and misfortunes . . .\"", "\n\nThe white horse perked its ears and gently pawed with its front hoof in time with the Emperor's words.", "\n\nThe sun stood at its zenith and glowed, youthful and mild.", "\n\nThe Emperor put on his hat and dismounted.", "\nIX\n\nHe approached the crowd. ", "Their adoration hit him with their every breath, it shone from their faces as brightly as the sun from the heavens, and he suddenly felt that he had always been one of them. ", "At that moment the Emperor saw himself as his devotees saw him, on thousands of pictures on plates, knives, and walls; already a legend, yet still living.", "\n\nDuring his long months in exile, he had missed these people. ", "They were the people of France; he knew them. ", "They were ready to love or hate in an instant. ", "They were solemn and derisive, easily inspired but difficult to persuade, proud in squalor, generous in good fortune, devout and thoughtless in victory, bitter and vengeful in defeat, playful and childlike in peace, merciless and irresistible in battle, easily disappointed, trusting and distrusting at the same time, forgetful and quickly appeased by the right word, always ready for thrills, yet ever loving of moderation. ", "These were the people of Gaul, the French people, and the Emperor liked them.", "\n\nHe no longer felt mistrust. ", "They surrounded him. ", "They shouted at him \"Long live the Emperor!\" ", "as he stood in their midst, and it was as if they wished to prove to him that even when he stood among them, they could not forget he was their Emperor. ", "He was their child and their Emperor.", "\n\nHe embraced one of the older non-commissioned officers. ", "The man had a somber, sallow, bold, and bony face, a long, flowing, thick, and neatly combed graying mustache, and he towered a full head above the Emperor. ", "During their embrace it looked as though the Emperor was under the protection of the thin, bony soldier. ", "The man leaned forward clumsily, a bit comically, hindered by his own awkward height and the corpulent shortness of His Majesty, and allowed himself to receive a kiss on the right cheek. ", "The Emperor tasted the smell of his sallow skin, the sharp vinegar that the man had rubbed on his freshly shaved cheeks, the tiny beads of sweat that dripped from his forehead, and also the tobacco on his breath. ", "There was an intimate familiarity to the entire crowd. ", "Yes, this was the odor of the people from whom the soldiers had sprung, the wonderful soldiers of the country of France; this was the very scent of loyalty, the loyalty of the soldiers — sweat, tobacco, blood, and vinegar. ", "When he embraced one of them, he embraced all of them, the whole of his great army, all its dead and all its living descendants. ", "And the people who saw the short, chubby Emperor in the protective arms of the tall, thin soldier felt as if they too were being embraced by the Emperor, as if they themselves held him. ", "Tears filled the spectators' eyes, and with hoarse voices they cried out: \"Long live the Emperor!\" ", "but the lustful desire to cry stifled their cheering throats. ", "The Emperor relaxed his arms. ", "The man took three steps backward. ", "The old soldier stiffened. ", "Under his bushy, bristling eyebrows his small black eyes lit up with the dangerous yet obedient fire of loyalty.", "\n\n\"Where have you fought?\" ", "asked the Emperor.", "\n\n\"At Jena, Austerlitz, Eylau, and Moscow, my Emperor!\" ", "replied the sergeant.", "\n\n\"What is your name?\"", "\n\n\"Lavernoile, Pierre Antoine!\" ", "thundered the soldier.", "\n\n\"I thank you,\" cried the Emperor loudly enough so that all could hear him. \"", "I thank you, Lieutenant Pierre Antoine Lavernoile!\"", "\n\nThe newly minted lieutenant stiffened again. ", "He took another step backward, raised his lean brown hand, waved it like a flag, and cried in a choked-up voice: \"Long live the Emperor!\" ", "He stepped back into the ranks of his comrades from which the Emperor had summoned him and said softly to all those who gathered around him: \"Just think, he recognized me instantly! '", "You were,' he said, 'at Jena, Austerlitz, Eylau, and Moscow, my dear Lavernoile! ", "You have no decorations. ", "You will. ", "I promote you to lieutenant.'\"", "\n\n\"He knows us all,\" said one of the non-commissioned officers.", "\n\n\"He hasn't forgotten any of us!\" ", "said another.", "\n\n\"He recognized him,\" whispered dozens. \"", "He knew his name. ", "He even knew both his first and middle names. '", "Pierre Antoine Lavernoile,' he said, 'I know you.'\"", "\n\nMeanwhile, the Emperor mounted his horse again. ", "Lavernoile, he thought, poor gangly Lavernoile! ", "Happy Lavernoile! ", "He raised his hat, stood erect in his stirrups, visible to all, and called out with a voice accustomed to being heard and understood over the noise of cannon: \"People of Paris!\" ", "he shouted \"Long live France!\"", "\n\nHe turned his horse. ", "Everyone swarmed him, separating him, his radiant animal and his gray cloak from his retinue. ", "There were hundreds of people around him, men in uniform and civilian clothes and women whose red scarves glinted in the youthful sunshine. ", "\nX\n\nHe headed home, weary, sad, and ashamed. ", "He was always embracing unknown poor people, giving them titles and orders, buying their support and winning them over. ", "They loved him. ", "Yet he was indifferent to them. ", "He was ashamed. ", "If he had to embrace one more Lavernoile . . . ! ", "Was that the name? ", "Lavernoile? ", "There were thousands of non-commissioned officers in the Emperor's great army, hundreds of thousands of soldiers. ", "He was ashamed, the great Emperor of the little Lavernoiles . . . ", "\nXI\n\nThe Emperor ordered that in each city in the land one hundred cannon rounds be fired. ", "This was his language. ", "This was how he proclaimed to the people that he had beaten his rebellious enemies, the friends of the King.", "\n\nThe cannon resounded throughout the land, sending their mighty echoes far and wide. ", "The people had not heard the thunder of cannon for some time. ", "They were startled when the sound came to them again. ", "They recognized once more the mighty voice of the returning Emperor. ", "Even peace was proclaimed with artillery.", "\n\nThe Emperor's brother said: \"Why did you fire cannon? ", "It would have been better to ring bells.\"", "\n\n\"Yes,\" replied the Emperor. \"", "I love the bells, you know that! ", "I would have liked to hear them. ", "But the bells can wait. ", "I'll let them ring once I've defeated my powerful enemies, my true enemies.\"", "\n\n\"To whom are you referring?\" ", "asked his brother.", "\n\nThe Emperor said slowly and solemnly: \"The whole world!\"", "\n\nHis brother stood. ", "At that moment he was afraid of the entire world, which was the Emperor's enemy, but he was also afraid of this brother who had the whole world as an enemy. ", "Outside, at the door, before he had entered, he felt pity and anxiety for the Emperor but had decided not to reveal it to his face. ", "But now, as he stood before him, he gave in, as usual, to the Imperial gaze and the Imperial voice. ", "The brother felt as though he were one of the mighty Emperor's anonymous grenadiers.", "\n\n\"Sit down,\" said the Emperor. \"", "I have something very important to tell you. ", "Only you, and to you alone can I say it. ", "I would have liked to have had the bells rung, but I ordered the cannon to be fired because the bells would have been a lie — a lie — as well as a promise I cannot keep. ", "There is yet no peace, my brother! ", "I must make the people familiar with cannon fire. ", "I want peace, but I am forced toward war. ", "If my postmaster had not deprived them of horses, all the ambassadors of the various countries would have left Paris long ago. ", "They were accredited by the King. ", "They are not guests of the French people or the Emperor. ", "They delay my couriers at the frontiers. ", "The Empress receives none of my letters. ", "Oh, my brother! ", "If one comes from our family, he knows nothing about this great world. ", "That's our mistake, my brother, a peasant mistake. ", "I have humbled the kings, but to be humbled by me, by people like me, by people like us, doesn't make them small. ", "It only makes them more vengeful than they already were. ", "The lowest of my grenadiers is nobler than they. ", "It was an easy matter to defeat the poor rebels in the country. ", "That doesn't merit any bell ringing. ", "There are still more enemies, even in France — the representatives of the people. ", "They are not the people — they are the chosen of the people. ", "The Parliament! ", "I am subservient to them. ", "But I alone can will freedom, I alone, because I am powerful enough to preserve it. ", "I am the Emperor of the French because I am their General.\"", "\n\n\"So you will wage war,\" his brother said softly.", "\n\n\"War,\" answered the Emperor.", "\nXII\n\nHe needed three hundred thousand new guns. ", "He ordered them. ", "And so there began, in all the factories of the land, a mighty hammering and forging and casting and soldering and welding. ", "He also needed men for the three hundred thousand guns. ", "And so, throughout the country, young men left their sweethearts, their wives, their mothers, and their children. ", "He needed provisions. ", "So all the bakers in the land began with triple zeal to bake loaves that would keep fresh; all the butchers in the land began to salt their meats in order to make them last longer; all the distillers brewed ten times more liquor than usual — liquor, the drink of warriors, making cowards brave and brave men still braver.", "\n\nHe ordered and ordered. ", "The submission of his people filled him with lustful delight, and this lust for power made him place still more new orders.", "\nXIII\n\nIt was pouring rain when the Emperor moved into the other palace, the Elysée, outside the city. ", "Nothing could be heard except the powerful, uniform drubbing of the rain on the dense treetops in the park. ", "One could no longer hear the voices of the city or the loyal, dogged cheers of the people: \"Long live the Emperor!\" ", "It was a good, warm early summer's rain. ", "The fields needed it, the peasants blessed it, and the earth absorbed it willingly, greedily. ", "The Emperor, however, was thinking of rain's negative effects. ", "Rain softens the ground, so that soldiers cannot easily march, and soaks a soldier's uniform. ", "The rain could also make the enemy practically invisible under certain conditions. ", "Rain makes a soldier weak and sick. ", "One needs the sun to plan a campaign. ", "The sun fosters acceptance and serenity. ", "The sun makes soldiers drunk and generals sober. ", "Rain is not useful to the enemy who is attacking, but rather to the one waiting to be attacked. ", "Rain turns day practically into night. ", "When it rains the peasant-soldiers think about their fields back home, then about their children, and then about their wives. ", "Rain was an enemy of the Emperor.", "\n\nFor an hour he stood at the open window and listened to the unrelenting downpour with devoted and weary concentration. ", "He saw the whole land, the entire country, whose Emperor and supreme lord he was, divided into fields, gardens and forests, into villages and towns. ", "He saw thousands of ploughs, heard the deliberate swishing of scythes and the more rapid shorter strokes of whirring sickles. ", "He saw the men in the barns, in the stables, among the sheaves, in the mills, each one devoting himself to a peaceful love of industry, anticipating the evening soup after a full day and then to a night of lustful sleep in his wife's arms. ", "Sun and rain, wind and daylight, night and fog, warm and cold, these were things familiar to the peasant, the pleasant or unpleasant gifts of the heavens. ", "At times an old longing rose up from deep within the Emperor's soul, one that he had not felt during the confused years of his victories and defeats — nostalgia for the earth. ", "Alas! ", "His ancestors had also been peasants!", "\n\nThe Emperor, his face turned to the window, remained alone in the dusk. ", "The bitter fragrance of the earth and the leaves mixed with the sweetness of the chestnut flowers and lilacs, the moist breath of the rain which smelled of decay and faraway seaweed wafted into the room. ", "The rain, the evening, and the trees in the park conversed peacefully with an intimate rustling in the pleasant dusk.", "\n\nSo, as he was, bareheaded, the Emperor left the room. ", "He wanted to go to the park, to feel the soft rain. ", "All around the house, lights were already burning. ", "The Emperor walked quickly, almost angrily. ", "He strode through the harsh brightness of the halls, head lowered as he passed the guards. ", "He entered the park, walked up and down, hands behind his back, to and fro along the same short and wide avenue, listening to the busy conversation between the rain and the leaves.", "\n\nSuddenly, to his right, from amid the dense darkness of the trees, he heard a strange and suspicious sound. ", "He knew that there were men who wished to kill him. ", "The thought flashed through his mind that it would be a ridiculous end for an Emperor such as he — in a peaceful park, in the midst of this ridiculous rain, a wretched assassination, a wretched death. ", "He walked between the trees across the soaked ground and headed in the direction from which the noise seemed to have come, when to his consternation and amusement he spotted a woman a few steps ahead. ", "Her white bonnet shimmered. \"", "Over here!\" ", "called the Emperor. \"", "Over here!\" ", "he called again when the woman did not move. ", "Now she approached. ", "She stood face to face with the Emperor, hardly two strides away from him. ", "She was without doubt a servant woman. ", "Probably, thought the Emperor, she has just left a man's company. ", "The same old story! ", "They amused him, these everyday common stories.", "\n\n\"Why are you crying?\" ", "asked the Emperor. \"", "And what are you doing here?\"", "\n\nThe woman did not reply. ", "She lowered her head.", "\n\n\"Answer!\" ", "ordered the Emperor. \"", "Come closer!\" ", "The woman stepped close to him. ", "Now he could see her. ", "She was certainly one of his serving maids.", "\n\nThe woman fell to her knees, onto the damp earth. ", "She kept her head lowered. ", "Her hair nearly touched the tops of his bootlegs. ", "He bent down toward her. ", "Finally, she spoke.", "\n\n\"The Emperor,\" she said. ", "And a few moments later: \"Napoleon! ", "My Emperor!\"", "\n\n\"Stand up!\" ", "ordered the Emperor. \"", "Tell me what's wrong.\"", "\n\nShe must have detected impatience and menace in his voice. ", "She rose. \"", "Tell me!\" ", "ordered the Emperor. ", "He grabbed her arm and led her into the avenue. ", "He stopped, let go of her, and ordered once more: \"Tell me!\"", "\n\nNow he saw from the reflection that fell upon the windows along the avenue that the woman was young.", "\n\n\"I'll have you punished!\" ", "said the Emperor, at the same time caressing her wet face with his hand. \"", "Who are you?\"", "\n\n\"Angelina Pietri,\" said the woman.", "\n\n\"From Corsica?\" ", "asked the Emperor — the name was familiar.", "\n\n\"Ajaccio,\" whispered the woman.", "\n\n\"Run! ", "Quickly!\" ", "ordered the Emperor.", "\n\nThe woman turned, lifted her skirts with both hands, ran across the stones, and vanished around the corner.", "\n\nHe continued onward, slowly. ", "Ajaccio, he thought. ", "Angelina Pietri from Ajaccio.", "\n\nHe changed his clothes. ", "He was going to the opera. ", "He arrived in the middle of the second act. ", "He stood upright in the box, hat on his head. ", "A brilliant strip of his dazzling snow-white riding breeches shimmered above the deep-red velvet of the balustrade. ", "The audience stood and stared at the box where he sat, as the orchestra played the \"Marseillaise.\"", "\n\n\"Long live the Emperor!\" ", "called one of the actors from the stage. ", "The whole house echoed this.", "\n\nHe waved and left the box. ", "On the staircase he turned to his adjutant and said: \"Note this: Angelina Pietri from Ajaccio.\"", "\n\nHe forgot the name again instantly. ", "He thought only of Ajaccio.", "\nXIV\n\nHe needed weapons, soldiers, and a grand parade.", "\n\nFor the benefit of the representatives of the people, whom he disdained, for his soldiers, whom he loved, for the priests of the faith (in which he did not believe) and for the people of Paris, whose love he feared, he intended to show himself as the protector of the country and of freedom. ", "For a few hours on this day all the workshops in which preparations were being made were idle. ", "The forges and ironworks were shut. ", "However, the millers, bakers, butchers, and distillers were busy preparing for the celebration. ", "For this day the soldiers were to don the new uniforms that had been made for the war.", "\n\nThe master of ceremonies developed a plan for a grandiose and drawn-out display.", "\n\nThe celebration took place on June 1. ", "The day was one of the warmest since the Emperor's return. ", "It was a hot and ripe summer's day. ", "It was a strange heat, unknown this time of year. ", "The year seemed hasty to reach maturity. ", "The lilacs were already past their peak. ", "The cockchafers had quickly disappeared. ", "The great chestnut leaves had reached their full size and achieved their deep-green color. ", "In the woods the strawberries had long since been ripening. ", "Thunderstorms occurred frequently and with midsummer's intensity. ", "The sun blazed; its brilliance was savage. ", "Even on calm, cloudless days the swallows dived very low, practically touching the cobbles in the streets, as they did in other years only before impending rain. ", "Here and there could be heard whispers, both open and hushed, of coming disaster. ", "The newspapers of the land promised peace, but in all the villages and all the towns new recruits were drafted and old soldiers were recalled into the army. ", "And not without dread did the people hear the armorers hammering away busily. ", "They listened with horror as the butchers told of the magnitude of the government's order, and they watched the menacing zeal of the soldiers drilling on the parade ground. ", "And on this festive day they were curious, indeed, but also distrustful.", "\n\nSoon the celebration began on the great festival ground. ", "Representing each regiment there were officers, both commissioned and non-commissioned, and privates. ", "Two hundred men bore the shining Imperial eagles of brass and gold; here stood the dignitaries of the Légion d'Honneur and the Councillors of State, there the university professors, the city judges, members of the city council, the cardinals, the bishops, the Imperial Guard, and the Garde Nationale. ", "The sabres and bayonets of forty-five thousand troops glinted. ", "Hundreds of cannon thundered. ", "In every direction there were people, a solid wall of people, a vast and anonymous mass, curious, pitiable, and full of zeal. ", "The sun burned ever stronger over the wide, shadeless plaza. ", "From time to time a harsh word of command was heard, a short drum roll, the blare of a trumpet, the clanging rattle of arms, the dull thud of guns on the ground. ", "The people waited. ", "And ever more fierce burned the sun.", "\n\nThen they heard the Emperor coming. ", "He arrived in a gilded carriage drawn by eight horses, the white plumes on their heads swaying arrogantly, proud silver flames; on both sides rode his marshals. ", "His pages were dressed in green, red, and gold. ", "Dragoons and mounted grenadiers followed behind. ", "The Emperor arrived. ", "He was hardly recognizable in his mother-of-pearl-colored cloak, breeches of white satin, and white-feathered black velour hat. ", "He was barely recognized in the presence of his white-clad brother. ", "He mounted the tribune, a massive, high throne. ", "On either side of him stood his brothers and below him were chancellors, ministers, and marshals. ", "So magnificent were they all that they too were hardly recognizable.", "\n\nHe felt as lonely as ever. ", "Had anyone recognized him? ", "He stood there, alone on his raised throne, under a blue sky, under a hot sun, high above the people and soldiers, between the wide, blue, calm, and enigmatic heavens and his audience, which was equally vast and mysterious.", "\n\nHe began to speak. ", "He was confident of the power of his voice. ", "But today even his own voice seemed strange to him. \"", "We do not want the King,\" he cried, \"as our enemies do. ", "Faced with the choice between war and humiliation, we choose war . . .\"", "\n\nA few days earlier, when he had jotted down these words, they had seemed to him very simple and natural. ", "He knew the French. ", "Honor was their god, disgrace their devil. ", "They were the best soldiers in the world, for they served the Goddess of Honor, the warrior's most unrelenting mistress. ", "But as for the Emperor himself, what god did he obey?", "\n\nThis question began to gnaw at him while he recited his manifesto with his alien voice. ", "For the first time he was speaking to his Frenchmen from a great high platform; for the first time he wore a silken mother-of-pearl-colored cloak and on his head a strange hat with strange feathers. ", "For the first time he felt the relentless, desolate emptiness of physical solitude. ", "Alas! ", "It was not the same familiar solitude that he had always known. ", "It was not the loneliness of the mighty, nor the betrayed, nor the exiled, nor the humiliated. ", "Here, upon this great, elevated platform, ruled the solitude of the physically alone. ", "The great Emperor was filled with a sense of hollow prominence. ", "Not a single one of the thousands of faces could he distinguish. ", "He only saw over their heads; over the caps and hats, and far in the background were the unrecognizable faces of the crowd called \"the people.\" ", "And his words seemed to him as hollow as his solitude. ", "There, upon the tribune, he felt as if he were on some bizarre and absurd apparatus, on a throne and stilts at the same time. ", "His cloak was just a disguise, the crowd was an audience, and he and the officials were actors. ", "He was accustomed to speaking in the midst of his soldiers, dressed in his customary uniform, feeling the exhalation of those around him, detecting the beloved smell of sweat and tobacco, of pungent leather and caustic boot polish. ", "But now he stood high above these odors, poor and great, empty and disguised, alone under the blazing sun. ", "Even the weightless plumes on his head were a heavy burden, feeling like useless and ridiculous massive lead feathers. ", "He suddenly removed his hat, practically yanking it off his head. ", "Now, from all directions, the people could see his familiar dark, shiny hair. ", "With a powerful thrust of his shoulders, he shed his cloak. ", "It seemed that his shoulders themselves had done the work of his hands in casting it away. ", "Now everyone could see him in his familiar uniform, just as it was depicted on a hundred thousand walls, on plates, on knives, in all rooms, in all the cottages of many lands. ", "And with a different voice, that is to say, with his old familiar tone, he cried: \"And you, soldiers, my brothers in life and in the face of death, comrades of my victories!\" ", "It was completely still. ", "The Emperor's voice echoed through the stifling air. ", "The deputies and officials were no longer attentive; they were desperate for some shade. ", "The people and the soldiers, however, were too far from the Emperor. ", "They understood only every third word. ", "But they now saw him as they loved him. ", "And thus they cried: \"Long live the Emperor!\"", "\n\nThe Emperor quickly ended his speech. ", "He hurried down the steps toward the cheers of the crowd. ", "Ceremony dictated that he descend the steps with a deliberate slowness. ", "But he was overcome with the impatience of a homecomer. ", "He had lingered up there for too long, ungrounded. ", "Ever quicker were his steps. ", "More like a soldier than an Emperor, he practically leaped from the bottom step to the earth.", "\n\nOne could see on the abandoned platform his mother-of-pearl-colored cloak, limp and pitiful, a sorry and gorgeous mistake of the Emperor's. ", "His white-feathered hat had been retrieved by one of the dignitaries. ", "The man held it helplessly, yet solemnly, with both hands. ", "The people and soldiers gathered at the sutlers' tents. ", "Spirits, pudding, and bread were being given away.", "\n\nMidday had long since passed, but the sun burned, splendid, torrid, insatiable, and very cruel.", "\nXV\n\nThis was how the Emperor solemnly swore to protect the liberty of the French. ", "It thus seemed that he was no longer the brutish Emperor of old. ", "Yet the people throughout the land heard only the clinking of weapons and the singing of soldiers: both the old soldiers, who were returning to their barracks after long months, and the fresh young recruits. ", "The Emperor was gathering an army, there was no doubt. ", "The people no longer believed the newspapers, which wrote that all the powers of the world were eager to make peace with the Emperor as quickly as possible. ", "Lies fluttered over the towns and villages on false, colorful little magic wings, rising in droves from the newspapers, coming from the mouths of the hypocrites, the eavesdroppers, the gossips, and the omniscient. ", "They even circled above the heads of the soldiers marching toward the capital from all directions and were marching out of the capital further to the north-west. ", "So there would be war, and the colorfully winged news stories were lies. ", "Alas, the people of France knew all the signs that war was coming. ", "A great terror gripped them overnight, in all corners of the land. ", "The motley little doves, the lies of peace no longer swarmed through the air; they had fallen, defeated by the great fear, by the brutal silence that foretold the truth — the truth about the impending war. ", "The signal fires of the soldiers marching to the north-west were visible from their mighty encampments. ", "Their drums rumbled throughout the land every morning. ", "The troops marched along the hot, dry roads, cultivated fields on either side; they saw the grain ripening and asked themselves whether they would one day be able to eat it. ", "Perhaps they would be dead before the corn was even ground; perhaps they would by then have become part of the earth, manure for the fields — and who even knew which foreign fields? ", "The older among the soldiers, those who had already waged many battles for the Emperor, thought of their comrades who lay in foreign dirt. ", "The older soldiers all knew one another. ", "And one could distinguish them from the others because they conversed in their own special language, a language that all soldiers only learn in the face of death. ", "They shared a hundred thousand common memories, and they saw heat and storms, evening and full moon, morning and midday, a saint's picture and a well, a haystack and a herd of cattle, with different eyes than the younger men.", "\n\n\"Do you remember,\" one of them might say to another, \"that time in Saxony? ", "That was the well where we from Third Company had to wait for two damned, long, stupid days.\"", "\n\n\"Yes, yes,\" the other would reply. \"", "The well, I remember; it was three miles from Dresden.\"", "\n\n\"And how those sausages at Eylau tasted!\" ", "said one.", "\n\nAnd the other answered: \"Sure, sure — that sausage came from a worthy steed!\"", "\n\n\"It was the horse of a colonel!\"", "\n\n\"This time it's only a captain's.\"", "\n\n\"Any idea where that dumb little Desgranges wound up?\"", "\n\n\"In the Berezina, I think. ", "An old carp swallowed him, he was so small.\"", "\n\n\"And Corporal Dupuis?\"", "\n\n\"Died at Austerlitz in a thunderstorm. ", "What happened to your memory? ", "Have you forgotten good old Dupuis as well?\"", "\n\nThe young recruits understood nothing of this talk. ", "They only knew that they too were heading to their deaths. ", "Perhaps, they mused, it was easy for these old soldiers to go to their deaths, since they did, after all, know the Emperor. ", "To them, however, the Emperor was distant and life was immediate. ", "Why did he want a war? ", "Where were they marching to? ", "What was the point?", "\n\nNevertheless, they had to march, and so they marched. ", "And when they marched through Paris they went past the palace where the Emperor lived, and they shouted: \"Long live the Emperor!\"", "\n\nBut he, the Emperor, was alone. ", "With increasing solitude he sat before his maps, huge, colored, and complicated, his beloved maps. ", "They showed the entire great world. ", "And the entire great world consisted of nothing but battlefields! ", "Oh, how simple it was to conquer the world if one just studied the maps upon which it was represented! ", "Here each river was a hindrance, every mill a stronghold, every forest a blind, every church a target, every stream an ally, and every field, meadow, and steppe across the world a spectacular setting for spectacular battles! ", "Maps were beautiful! ", "They showed the world even more beautifully than paintings! ", "The earth seemed very small if one only examined it properly on maps. ", "It could be traversed very quickly, as quickly as time required it, the relentlessly ticking clock, the incessantly running sand . . .", "\n\nThe Emperor thoughtfully drew crosses, stars, and lines on the maps, as thoughtfully as if he were playing a game of chess. ", "In this and that spot he jotted down numbers. ", "Here were the dead, there the living, here the cannon and there the cavalry; there the supply train and here the field hospital. ", "Nothing but horses, flour sacks, barrels of spirits, enemies, men, horses, brandy, sheep, oxen — and men, men, men; men all over the place.", "\n\nOnce in a while he arose, left the table and maps, threw open the window, and looked at the plaza below, the great open square on which once, as a young unknown officer, he had drilled many an unknown soldier. ", "Now, thousands of young soldiers were marching to the north-west. ", "He listened to their songs. ", "He heard their drums. ", "They were still the old drummers. ", "He could hear their quick and steady step. ", "Yes, it was the wonderful, nimble, victorious step of the French, the rhythm of their swift and courageous feet, the feet that had traversed the highways of half the world; brave feet, the feet of the Imperial soldiers, more useful and vital than their hands.", "\n\nAt such moments he listened lustfully and greedily to their cries: \"Long live the Emperor!\" ", "Cheerfully, he sat down once again at the table before his maps and wrote numbers here and there in red, blood-red ink. ", "They represented brandy, horses, oxen, wagons, cannons, and soldiers — the very same soldiers who had just marched past the palace shouting: \"Long live the Emperor!\"", "\nXVI\n\nThe Emperor had not seen his mother in a long time. ", "He had given very little thought to the old woman. ", "Now he came to bid her farewell before going off to war. ", "Custom demanded it, as did his heart.", "\n\nShe sat clumsily, ordinary yet dignified, in a wide armchair in a darkened room. ", "She loved the cool dusk, the thick burgundy curtains that hung over the shut windows, and the mild protective stillness of the sealed house with its thick walls. ", "She was old; she could not handle the blinding summer sun.", "\n\nIt was late morning when her son arrived. ", "He seemed to bring along something of the overpowering, stifling heat that ruled the city. ", "Amid the soft, dark-red, sun-dampening shade that filled the room, his skin-tight, snow-white breeches shimmered all too loudly; they practically blared. ", "He had come on horseback, and his spurs issued a delicate, but in this room inappropriate and embarrassing, jingle. ", "He bent forward, kissed his mother's hand, and received a kiss upon his hair, on the very top of his bowed head. ", "He stayed like that a while, bent over in a highly uncomfortable position. ", "The large, soft, and very pale hand of his mother stroked his hair a few times. ", "They were both silent.", "\n\n\"Sit, child!\" ", "said the old woman finally. ", "He straightened himself, remaining standing close to his mother. ", "She was not sure whether it was out of respect or impatience. ", "She knew him. ", "He was just as reverent as he was impatient. \"", "Sit, my child!\" ", "she repeated. ", "And he obeyed.", "\n\nHe sat to the right of his mother, just opposite the window, so that the reflection of the burgundy, sun-lit curtain fell upon his face.", "\n\nHis mother turned to him. ", "She examined him for some time. ", "The Emperor kept his eyes focused on her while she studied him. ", "He studied her too, looking upon her old face, her large, pretty mouth, her smooth forehead (which was still free of wrinkles), her strong chin and her beautiful straight nose. ", "Yes, there was no doubt: much had he inherited from her. ", "She looked like the mother of the great Emperor that he was. ", "In studying her face, he saw his own likeness and practically his very destiny. ", "Now, however, he had no patience or time for scrutiny. ", "He shifted his foot forward gently. ", "His mother noticed it.", "\n\n\"I know,\" she said, her head quivering a bit, her voice soft and melancholy. \"", "I know,\" she continued, \"that you have no time. ", "You never had time, my son. ", "You became great through impatience. ", "Beware that impatience does not lead to your destruction. ", "You returned out of impatience. ", "You should have stayed!\"", "\n\n\"I could not,\" said the Emperor. \"", "They hate me too much, my enemies. ", "They would have exiled me to a remote desert island. ", "I had to be quicker than them. ", "I had to surprise them.\"", "\n\n\"Yes, surprise!\" ", "said his mother. \"", "That is your way. ", "But waiting is also a way.\"", "\n\n\"I've waited long enough!\" ", "the Emperor said loudly. ", "He stood. ", "He was speaking now quite forcefully. ", "His voice sounded as if he were shouting blasphemies. \"", "I can wait no more!\" ", "he cried. \"", "They will invade while I wait!\"", "\n\n\"Now it is too late for waiting,\" his mother said gently. \"", "Stay seated, my child. ", "I might have more to say to you.\"", "\n\nThe Emperor sat down again.", "\n\n\"I am seeing you perhaps for the last time, my poor son,\" she said. \"", "I pray that you may outlive me. ", "I have never, or at least rarely, worried for your life. ", "But now I am anxious. ", "And I can do nothing to help you, for you are the powerful one. ", "I cannot advise you, for you yourself are so wise. ", "All I can do is pray for you.\"", "\n\nNow the Emperor lowered his head. ", "He stared at the dark-red carpet then propped his elbow on his brilliant white breeches and his chin on his closed fist. \"", "Yes, pray for me, Mother!\" ", "he said.", "\n\n\"If your father were still living,\" she went on, \"he would certainly know a way out.\"", "\n\n\"My father would not have understood me!\" ", "said the Emperor.", "\n\n\"Silence!\" ", "she cried, almost shrieked, her pretty, dark, metallic voice ringing out. \"", "Your father was great, wise, brave, and modest. ", "You have him to thank for everything. ", "You have inherited all his qualities — except modesty. ", "He, he had patience, your father!\"", "\n\n\"I have a different destiny, Mother!\" ", "answered the Emperor .", "\n\n\"Yes, yes,\" said the old lady. \"", "You certainly have a different destiny.\"", "\n\nThey were quiet for a while. ", "Then his mother began again. \"", "You seem to have aged, my son. ", "How do you feel?\"", "\n\n\"I sometimes grow tired, Mother,\" said the Emperor. \"", "I'm sometimes suddenly tired.\"", "\n\n\"What ails you?\"", "\n\n\"I don't consult doctors. ", "If I were to send for them, they would tell me I'm deathly ill.\"", "\n\n\"Can you bear it?\"", "\n\n\"I must, Mother, I must. ", "I will return greater than ever. ", "I will flatten them.\"", "\n\nHe lifted his head. ", "He looked straight ahead, past his mother, toward a goal that he alone could see . . . ", "toward a victorious \nreturn.", "\n\n\"God bless you!\" ", "said his mother. \"", "I will pray for you.\"", "\n\nThe Emperor stood. ", "He went to the old woman and bowed. ", "She made the sign of the cross over him and offered her large, old, soft, white hand. ", "He kissed it. ", "She embraced his neck with her left arm. ", "He felt the soft motherly warmth of her thick arm through the black silk of her sleeve. ", "At that moment he was struck with a woeful feeling. ", "I wish I could embrace my own son like this, he thought. ", "Happy is she, my mother. ", "She can embrace her son!", "\n\nA warm teardrop, then a second and a third fell upon his lowered head. ", "He dared not look up, nor could he, as he was held down by the gentle restraint of the motherly arm. ", "When she finally loosened her grip and he was able to straighten, he saw the tears running furiously down his mother's face. ", "She cried with an unmoving face, without changing a feature. ", "Only the tears flowed freely from her large, wide-open eyes.", "\n\n\"Don't weep, Mother,\" said the Emperor softly and helplessly.", "\n\n\"I weep with pride,\" said the old woman in a quite ordinary voice, as if she were not actually crying. ", "Her throat, mouth, and voice were unaffected by her tears.", "\n\nOnce more she made the sign of the cross in the air before the Emperor and murmured something inaudible. ", "Then she said: \"Go, my child! ", "God bless you, my child. ", "God bless you, my Emperor!\"", "\n\nHe bowed again. ", "Then he left quickly. ", "His spurs jingled, his black boots gleamed in the dark-red room despite the dusk, and his snow-white breeches were loud in their dazzling brightness.", "\nXVII\n\nHalf an hour later he was inspecting the troops of the Paris garrison one last time before they marched off to war. ", "Although he could still feel his mother's kisses and tears on his head, it seemed to him that a very long time had elapsed since the moment he had departed from the dark-red room. ", "The soldiers of the Paris garrison were more carefully outfitted for this new campaign than all the other soldiers in the country. ", "Even the recruits had sturdy and well-nourished faces. ", "He gazed happily into the brave, young, obedient eyes of these new recruits and into the experienced, loyal, devoted ones of his hardened old soldiers. ", "Sound were the knapsacks, cloaks, and boots. ", "He examined their boots with extra attention, almost with love. ", "In the campaigns that he typically led, much hinged upon the feet and boots of the troops, nearly as much as on their hands and guns — perhaps more. ", "He was even pleased with the weapons. ", "Their barrels had been freshly greased, and they shimmered gently yet dangerously, dull-blue and reliable. ", "The well-sharpened bayonet points twinkled. ", "The Emperor walked more slowly than usual, almost deliberately, amid the stiffly immobile ranks, here and there tugging at a button to check if it was firmly attached, or pulling on a strap, belt, or cord. ", "He visited the great field kitchen and asked what meat they were preparing. ", "When he was told that they were boiling mutton, he requested a taste. ", "He had not eaten boiled mutton and beans since his last unsuccessful campaign. ", "Borrowing a pewter spoon from a sergeant, putting a bread crust in his mouth with his left hand and a filled spoon with his right, he stood with legs wide apart in full view of his soldiers, who watched with jubilant hearts as he ate. ", "Their eyes gleamed with pride and also with tripled appetite. ", "They were filled with a steadfast veneration of an intensity they had never felt at a field mass or in a church, and a solemn, childlike, and at the same time fatherly affection for their great Emperor. ", "He was mighty but also moving. ", "He had them form a square around him and spoke to them as usual, using once again the same old words that he had so often before put to the test — about the enemies of their country, the allies of the shameful King, about the victories of old, about the eagles and the dead and, lastly, about honor, honor, and more honor. ", "And once again the officers drew their swords. ", "Once again the regiments roared: \"Long live the Emperor! ", "Long live freedom! ", "Long live the Emperor!\" ", "And once again he held his hat aloft and cried \"Long live France!\" ", "in a choked-up voice, more sincerely moved than he had been in his mother's dark salon. ", "He wanted to embrace someone before he left his regiments, so he searched for a suitable candidate. ", "How often he had embraced generals, colonels, sergeants, and even ordinary soldiers. ", "Then he noticed a little drummer boy, one of the adolescent lads of whom there were many in his great army, the sturdy children of his regiments, begotten perhaps from many a father just before a battle, born perhaps in a vendor woman's trailer in Germany, Italy, Spain, Russia, or Egypt. \"", "Come, little one!\" ", "said the Emperor. ", "The boy stepped forward with his drum, hardly having a chance to place both sticks into their loops, and stood motionless before the Emperor, even stiffer than an old soldier. ", "The Emperor lifted both boy and drum. ", "He held the boy up for a few moments, swung him in the air for all to see, then kissed him on both cheeks.", "\n\n\"What's your name?\" ", "he asked.", "\n\n\"Pascal Pietri,\" said the boy with a ringing voice, as a pupil might answer his teacher at school. ", "The Emperor remembered that he had heard this name some days earlier, but could not recall on which occasion.", "\n\n\"Your father lives?\"", "\n\n\"Yes sir, Your Majesty,\" said the boy. \"", "He's a sergeant-major in the Thirteenth Dragoons.\"", "\n\n\"Make a note,\" said the Emperor to his adjutant. \"", "Sergeant-Major Pietri.\"", "\n\n\"Pardon me, Your Majesty!\" ", "said the boy. \"", "My father's name is Levadour, Sergeant-Major Levadour!\"", "\n\nThe Emperor smiled, and all the nearby officers and soldiers smiled as well.", "\n\n\"Do you know your mother?\"", "\n\n\"My mother, Your Majesty, is a washerwoman at court.\"", "\n\nThe Emperor suddenly remembered. \"", "Is her name Angelina?\"", "\n\n\"Yes sir, Angelina, Your Majesty!\"", "\n\nWith that, all the nearby officers and soldiers smiled once again, but quickly grew serious.", "\n\n\"Make a note,\" said the Emperor to his adjutant. \"", "The laundress Angelina Pietri.\"", "\n\nHis review had lasted a long time. ", "He had purposely drawn it out, for he had not wished to return home with the memory of his mother's dark room still fresh in his mind. ", "By the time he returned to the palace it was late afternoon and the light was fading; it would be evening in an hour. ", "He was satisfied with the day. ", "It felt to him as if he had seen his mother not that very morning but quite a long time ago. ", "He remembered Angelina Pietri, the little housemaid whom he had seen in the darkness of the park. ", "The memory cheered him, and the name Angelina, her little son who beat the drum in his army, and the brave freshness with which the boy had corrected him about his father's name nearly moved him. ", "Yes, these were his people, these were his soldiers! ", "More confidently than he had in days, he bent over the maps on his table. ", "He had them, his enemies; he had them just where he wanted them. ", "This time, as so often before. ", "Surely, Parliament and the Police Minister were potentially dangerous, but he could conquer generals and armies. ", "It was a good day.", "\n\nWhat day of the week was it today? ", "His old superstitious nature overtook him. ", "He went to the door, thrust it open, and called into the anteroom: \"What day is it today?\"", "\n\n\"Your Majesty, it is Friday,\" answered Marchand, his servant.", "\n\nHe was frightened for a brief second. ", "He did not like Fridays. ", "One had to compensate for Friday, so to speak, and he knew an infallible method. ", "His wife Josephine had often spoken of it. ", "And he even remembered the name of this infallible woman who had so often before foretold the future for the Empress and him. \"", "Is Véronique Casimir still here?\" ", "he asked.", "\n\n\"Yes, sir, Your Majesty,\" said the servant.", "\n\n\"Get her!\" ", "ordered the Emperor.", "\n\nIt seemed to be a good sign that she was in the house. ", "The dead Empress Josephine had brought her. ", "Like everything else associated with Josephine, Véronique Casimir was good. ", "He well remembered the portly old woman. ", "He waited with confidence.", "\nXVIII\n\nVéronique Casimir remembered Her Majesty the late Empress Josephine, who often appeared in her dreams, gratefully and with reverence. ", "She had once been a mere washer­woman, but since her early youth she had shown an unusual talent for card-reading. ", "When the great Emperor was still consul, Véronique had read in the cards that he was destined to wear a crown. ", "Since then she had received many honors, greater ones (in her mind at least) than had been bestowed upon any of the officials, ministers, or marshals. ", "On occasion, she was permitted to fortune-tell for the Emperor. ", "She was the First Laundress of the Imperial court. ", "Her duty had been to tend to the blue silk blouses and lace handkerchiefs of the first Empress, and the more sturdy white silk blouses and cambric handkerchiefs of the second. ", "She read the future of the Imperial house in the cards and sometimes even in the laundry that was given to her every evening. ", "Thirty-six laundresses and bath attendants were under her strict orders. ", "She loved to enforce military-style discipline, and during the long years of her service she had learned to be taciturn and secretive despite being talkative, even loquacious, by nature.", "\n\nBefore heading to bed every evening, and after parceling out the laundry to the men and women under her, she would seat herself at the large table that was at the time standing, solemn and secluded, in the quiet communal dining room, for she required much space for the several packs of cards with which she worked according to a complex system. ", "Sometimes the servants would gather around her at even that late hour. ", "The long and narrow black ebony table, with its highly polished surface, was somber, eerie, practically a catafalque. ", "Here Véronique Casimir sat and laid out cards. ", "Eventually, midnight struck from various towers. ", "At that point she would stop and wait until the bells were finished ringing. ", "Finally she would sweep all her various packs of cards together, tie them up with a greasy old string, and get up without uttering a word. ", "Nobody ever asked her questions. ", "She rarely discussed the secrets of the supernatural world with which she was so closely familiar.", "\n\nSince the Emperor's return, she had been waiting for him to call on her. ", "Now she was no longer consulting the cards about the Emperor's fate, but about her own, that is to say, whether he had forgotten her during his absence. \"", "No!\" ", "said the cards.", "\n\nNevertheless, she was surprised and practically in a fright when he did send for her. ", "She was standing in the expansive washroom, surrounded by her staff, at the time when she normally gathered her workers around her, awaiting the servants with the laundry baskets, and she held in her hand the list upon which her various commissions, orders, reprimands, and warnings were noted. ", "She left immediately and headed for her room. ", "She had a half-staircase to ascend. ", "Her short, fat legs bounded up two steps at a time. ", "She hurried into her room, to her little oval mirror between the two candlesticks on the table, lit the candles, donned a freshly starched cap, sat down, and began with her strong little fingers to powder her sallow and very fleshy face. ", "She sprinkled a few droplets of lavender upon her breast, from the sacred flask that the first Empress, her lady Josephine, had given her, and rose, content and fragrant and quite splendid, in a delicate white cloud of powder. ", "From her case she removed her card packs with a determined, abrupt, practically warlike grip, like a soldier retrieving his weapon when called to sudden conflict. ", "Now she was ready.", "\n\nAfter many long months she stood before her Emperor. ", "He sat at his table with his colorfully dizzying maps, which she had already seen a few times previously, immediately before his great campaigns, when she enjoyed the favor of being summoned and consulted. ", "She attempted to perform a curtsy as ladies did in the presence of the Emperor. ", "Spreading her skirts with both hands, she placed one foot back, stretched the other in front, attempted to glide a step forward in this difficult position, and then bend one knee slightly. ", "After she believed she had accomplished all of this gracefully, she remained still, fat and stiff, eyes lowered modestly. ", "The windows were open. ", "The late summer evening's gold-green dusk filtered into the room and competed with the restless little deep-yellow flames of the three candles. ", "One could hear both the soft breath of the wind and the loud, industrious chirping of the crickets.", "\n\n\"Come here!\" ", "the Emperor ordered. ", "She hurried over, waddling quickly to his table, fat, dignified, and servile. ", "How she had longed for this moment! ", "She tingled with reverence in the presence of the Emperor and at the sight of the confusing maps that were scattered across his writing table. ", "She also felt her own importance, a shiver for herself and for the ennobled and exalted significance of her tool, the cards. ", "She trembled at the thought that her cards were no less important, perhaps even more important, than the Emperor's maps. ", "It was satisfying to think that the greatest emperor in the world had as little power to grasp the secret of her cards as she, Véronique, had to read his geographical secrets. ", "At this hour she was called upon perhaps to determine the fate of the world, which was normally the Emperor's domain. ", "And thus she stood there, as much in awe of herself as of the Emperor. ", "She kept her gaze lowered. ", "It fell upon her ample bosom and could not go any lower, although she wished to look at the floor in humble pride, but also embarrassment. ", "Through her sunken eyelids she felt the mocking, smiling stare of the Emperor. ", "She held her arms straight down like a soldier, but her hands could reach no lower than her wide hips. ", "She liked, but also required, smooth tables, with nothing upon them, and she wanted to ask the Emperor to clear off his distracting maps, but she dared not.", "\n\n\"So, let's begin,\" said the Emperor.", "\n\nIt was noticeably darker in the room. ", "A macabre kind of illumination emanated from the sparse candles and strengthened old Véronique's courage and faith in her prophetic abilities. ", "She now ventured to lift her eyes. ", "Her gaze was met with the waxen face of the Emperor, a frozen smile on his mouth — a ghastly smile. ", "Then she began confidently to lay out her greasy playing cards, disregarding the fact that she was placing them atop the Emperor's maps. ", "She tried to forget that she stood before the mightiest Emperor of all and told herself that she was in the service of the otherworld. ", "She whispered: \"Take three please, Your Majesty.\" ", "The Emperor took three cards. ", "The smooth, dark blue card backs reflected the unsteady candle flames.", "\n\n\"What lies before me,\" she murmured, \"what flies before me; what gives me concern, what things I spurn; what makes me glad, what makes me sad.\" ", "She shuffled quickly with her short but nimble fingers, the speed of which had often astounded the Emperor. \"", "Take six cards, Your Majesty,\" she said. ", "And the Emperor took six cards. ", "He thought of his first wife, the dead Josephine, and those evenings when, although she knew little of this art, Josephine had attempted to read her own fate and that of the Emperor, the fate of the country and the world, as she laid out Véronique Casimir's greasy cards with her long and slender, beloved fingers. ", "He thought no more of the cards. ", "He was lost in sweet memories of his dead wife. ", "He smiled. ", "He did not hear as Véronique murmured: \"Spades to the right will cause a fright; clubs to the left, of power bereft; diamonds are near, danger is here; hearts are away, love won't stay; the queen of clubs is above, she's past, she's past; eight of clubs, eight of clubs . . .\" ", "She broke off suddenly. ", "She quickly gathered the cards together. ", "She glanced at the Emperor. ", "He bore a distant look, one that seemed to pierce her massive body and see out into the world beyond, perhaps even into the grave where the body of his Josephine was now withering and decaying. ", "Véronique remained silent, her left hand pressing the cards fervently against her bosom.", "\n\nThe Emperor locked his eyes on her, a mocking smile on his lips. \"", "Well, Véronique,\" he inquired, \"good or bad?\"", "\n\n\"Good, good, Your Majesty!\" ", "she said hurriedly. \"", "There are many years ahead for Your Majesty, many years!\"", "\n\nThe Emperor opened a drawer. ", "Inside were little pillars of gold pieces, neat, shimmering columns of gold. ", "From one of these columns he removed ten coins. ", "They were genuine napoleons. \"", "Here, as a keepsake,\" said the Emperor.", "\n\nThe door was opened. ", "Madame Véronique left hurriedly, walking backward, frantically trying to restrain her panting. ", "When she sensed the open door at her back, her escape, she again performed her clumsy and comical curtsy. ", "Then she was outside and facing the closed door. ", "She curtsied a third time before the closed door, then she waddled, dignified yet hurriedly, down the stairs. ", "On the penultimate step she had to stop. ", "She felt faint for the first time in her life. ", "The banister that she thought would save her seemed to be receding. ", "She fell down suddenly and heavily with a clumsy thud. ", "Two guards picked her up. ", "They carried her into the park. ", "When she awoke and saw the soldiers, she righted herself and said: \"God help us all . . . ", "and him especially!\"", "\n\nThen she hurried past them and into the great servants' dining hall. ", "It was late. ", "Dinner was already being served. ", "\nXIX\n\nThe night that the Emperor left Paris to head for battle, the sky over the city was deep blue and star filled. ", "In the street in front of the park were the curious and enthusiastic. ", "The servants had gathered at a respectful distance from the Imperial carriage. ", "The Emperor emerged swiftly from the palace door, earlier than had been planned. ", "His staff was still in the midst of packing papers, maps, and field-glasses into the coach. ", "A lackey sprinted up, burning torch in hand. ", "The night was clear enough, offering a gentle, silvery-blue light, so the smoky, reddish flame of the torch seemed unnecessary, even a bit terrifying. ", "It was only the product of a very strict household routine, a harmless device. ", "At this moment, however, it seemed to be trying to harshly interrupt the night's starry tranquility. ", "The trees whispered amicably. ", "A few bats flitted silently above the people's heads, through the rays of light coming from the windows. ", "It was rather still, despite the bustling of the servants, who spoke in low voices, and the restlessness of the horses. ", "The still of the night was mightier than these noises. ", "But the torch was a loud, even improper, incursion; one could clearly hear the crackle of its flame and smell the burning resin, which was like the scent of danger itself. ", "The Emperor seemed tired. ", "He had been working right up until the very moment of departure. ", "The assembled servants were still as he approached. ", "All turned their eyes to him. ", "In the silvery-blue sheen of the night his face looked rather pale to them. ", "They were also thinking about the collapse of the card-reader Véronique.", "\n\nThe Emperor remained standing for a while on the last step. ", "He cast a lingering glance up at the sky, as if searching among the countless stars for his own. ", "His white breeches shone with a ghastly luminescence. ", "His black hat was reminiscent of a little cloud, the only one visible amid the clear sky. ", "He stood still, as in one of his many portraits, alone in the vast, calm summer's night, although the gentlemen of his retinue were following closely behind him on the steps. ", "He was alone and lonely, and he was searching for his star.", "\n\nHe turned, gestured to his adjutant, and spoke a few words. ", "Then he descended the final step. ", "He walked quickly the few paces to his carriage. ", "The servants cried: \"Long live the Emperor!\" ", "They waved to him with their hands, their empty hands. ", "The cry surprised him. ", "He turned even as he was about to enter the coach. ", "He took a step forward. ", "The women servants fell to their knees. ", "The men followed hesitantly. ", "This was their routine whenever the King departed! ", "thought the Emperor. ", "They must have kneeled like this when he fled from me.", "\n\n\"Stand up,\" he ordered, and they all rose. ", "He felt compelled to say something more, to obey the theatrical law that commanded just as he commanded his army. ", "What had he to say to lackeys, servants, and slaves? \"", "Long live Freedom!\" ", "he cried. ", "And they all answered: \"Long live the Emperor! ", "Victory! ", "Victory!\"", "\n\nHe turned away quickly. ", "He got inside the carriage with haste, and the carriage door closed with an unusually loud shudder. ", "The torch flickered at the coachman's side. ", "A soft, practically caressing crack of the whip, and they were racing, flying away from the park, sending a few bluish sparks from under the horses' hooves.", "\n\nAnother carriage rolled up. ", "The Emperor's attendants climbed in. ", "It was all done quickly and with a cool precision.", "\n\nOnce they were all inside, but before the carriage set off on its way, the lackey turned his torch upside down and practically bored the flame into the cold, damp night ground. ", "Then he stamped his foot upon the last smoldering remains of the torch. ", "To all who saw him, it seemed he had extinguished an entirely different flame.", "\n\nAmong the servant women in the park was also the maid-servant Angelina Pietri.", "\nBook Two\n\nThe Life of Angelina Pietri\n\nI\n\nAt that time Angelina Pietri was living among the anonymous lower servants of the Imperial court. ", "She came from a respected and honored Corsican family. ", "Angelina's widowed father had been a poor fisherman and had died when she was just fifteen years old. ", "Many young people, both boys and girls, were leaving Corsica in those days; they were going to France, where the greatest of all Corsicans ruled — the Emperor Napoleon.", "\n\nIn Paris lived an aunt of Angelina's, Véronique Casimir. ", "The First Laundress at the Imperial court, she was childless, kindhearted, and a mistress of the art of fortune-telling with cards. ", "Tales were told back in Ajaccio that she prophesied the outcome of battles for the great Emperor himself.", "\n\nA friend of her father's, old Benito, brought Angelina to Marseilles in his little sailing vessel. ", "He paid for her trip to Paris and escorted the girl to the mail coach. ", "Gravely and sadly, he took leave of her; and, speaking so loudly that all the other passengers could hear, he said: \"You will pass along sincere greetings from old Benito Croce. ", "I knew his late father well. ", "If he asks you why I haven't come to Paris myself, tell him I'm too old. ", "Were I younger, I would have gone long ago to join his fight and conquer the world. ", "My son has enlisted in his army in my stead. ", "They surely know each other; he is serving with the Twenty-Sixth — a magnificent regiment! ", "All right, then. ", "Go with God and don't forget to relay everything I've told you.\"", "\n\nThis was the personal message that old Croce had for the Emperor.", "\n\nAngelina was quite unable to deliver this message. ", "The Emperor was unapproachable. ", "But she dreamed of him. ", "His portrait hung in all the rooms, the same portrait she had seen in rooms all across Corsica. ", "It depicted the Emperor after a victorious battle, seated on a snow-white steed while reviewing the decimated ranks. ", "His horse shimmered and his red eyes gleamed. ", "He held his right hand outstretched, pointing somewhere into the inscrutable distance. ", "He looked magnificent: both near and remote, kindly and at the same time terrible.", "\n\nAngelina was under the command of Véronique Casimir. ", "She thus belonged to the section of thirty-six male and female servants charged with washing the laundry of the ladies and gentlemen of the court and keeping the bathrooms in order.", "\n\nShe washed the sky-blue, pink, and white silk blouses, the cambric handkerchiefs, the collars and cuffs, the delicate linen of the beds in which the ladies and gentlemen slept, and the costly stockings in which they walked. ", "Early mornings, in the gray steam of the laundry room amid tubs and kettles, she scrubbed and wrung out the clothes, forcefully beat the damp, rolled-up bundles with a wooden stave, unrolled them, and draped them over the countless ropes that were strung up densely yet in an orderly fashion across the room, forming a peculiar grid, a second and more delicate ceiling of ropes.", "\n\nIn the afternoon dried masses of wrinkled garments lay on the wide table, awaiting their resurrection. ", "Then, just as she had learned to do at home, Angelina would take a mouthful of water and spray it from her bulging cheeks onto the silk, linen, and cambric. ", "After this, she used her strong arms to brandish the smoothing-iron, hot coals glowing from within. ", "To test its heat, she placed a moistened finger on the iron's surface and listened as it sizzled. ", "She began to press — the coarse linen first, then the delicate silk, next the cambric, and lastly the pleated collars and cuffs. ", "And it seemed to her that the more industriously she worked, the closer she was to the ladies and gentlemen of the court and to the Emperor himself. ", "This very shirt that she was ironing might be worn tomorrow by the Emperor. ", "She rubbed his dazzling white breeches with a special type of greasy, insoluble chalk and through her zealous efforts they shimmered like freshly fallen snow.", "\n\nThere were days when Véronique Casimir appeared suddenly, at an unusual hour and wearing an unusual outfit. ", "When this happened, the young laundresses would fall abruptly silent in the midst of a song, for they knew that Véronique had just read the cards for someone of prominence. ", "She wore her heavy black silk gown and around her neck a present from the Empress Josephine, a massive golden chain bearing a vivid green jade amulet. ", "She would stand there, in the steam of the washroom, before her white-clad young girls — portly, ponderous, and solemn, a true dark priestess of the great Emperor. ", "What ominous events might she have just been prophesying? ", "The fate of what corner of the world had she just foretold?", "\n\nTwice a week Angelina was obliged to attend to the palace bathrooms. ", "Her first stop was the Emperor's bathroom. ", "She could see the fresh marks of his moist feet upon the floor. ", "She could detect the scent of his body in the damp towels, and she would stay for a long time in that spot, bewildered and forgetful of her task. ", "But sometimes she would gather the nerve to clutch a towel against her heart, pressing a fleeting, stolen kiss upon the linen and blushing even though she was all alone. ", "She adored even the slightest evidence of the Emperor's presence. ", "She was anxious that she might accidentally meet the Emperor. ", "However, when she left the bathroom, she felt bitter disappointment within her heart, as though he himself had broken a promise to meet her there. ", "She was devastated yet at the same time euphoric.", "\n\nOne day a handkerchief fell into her hands, one of the simple soldier's handkerchiefs that the Emperor sometimes used, the same type that everyone in his army used. ", "It was a large square of coarse linen: a wide red border surrounded a sky-blue center that depicted a map; on it were noted in red all the sites of the Emperor's battles. ", "It was the map of the simple Imperial soldier.", "\n\nAngelina regarded this handkerchief with reverence. ", "It bore the greenish tobacco stains of the Emperor's snuff. ", "She imagined him again on his white horse, as he appeared in his portraits, with his right arm outstretched toward some faraway point.", "\n\nWith all the love of her foolishly impassioned young heart, she began to wash the handkerchief. ", "It seemed to contain a special message from the Emperor. ", "In the evening it lay freshly pressed before her, and she ran her fine, young, red fingers over it affectionately. ", "She hid it under her clothes at her breast, and as she felt the wonderful fabric at her heart, she began to believe that it was hers to keep. ", "It was rare to find things of this type in the Imperial laundry. ", "It had not entered the laundry in the usual way, but had come to Angelina on its own; as a greeting, perhaps a message — who knew? ", "Anyway, it was probably already wrinkled at her breast and in a condition quite unfit to be returned. ", "Maybe she could return it the next day, or the day after, or whenever the opportunity arose — although each article was counted. ", "Little Angelina was quite anxious.", "\n\nShe stood there as always at eight o'clock on the dot and took her place among the militarily precise rows of servant men and women to await the stern Véronique, laundry bundle in her outspread arms just like all the others; there were twenty-six pieces — she carried the twenty-seventh upon her heart.", "\n\nVéronique Casimir began to count: twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-three . . . ", "She held a long, narrow ledger in one hand and in the other a lorgnette of the type owned by the finer classes.", "\n\nShe raised the glasses. \"", "A piece is missing, Angelina!\" ", "she said.", "\n\nAngelina did not move.", "\n\n\"A piece is missing!\" ", "Véronique repeated.", "\n\nAngelina imagined herself being undressed and searched. ", "Lackeys felt her body with lustful hands. ", "They found the handkerchief. ", "Then they drove her, naked, from the palace, from the city, from the country.", "\n\nShe was still silent.", "\n\n\"Answer, Angelina!\" ", "ordered Véronique Casimir.", "\n\nAt this moment, little Angelina Pietri felt great strength, and she said quietly yet firmly: \"There were only twenty-six pieces!\"", "\n\nFor the first time in her life, she was lying.", "\n\nThat night, in her bedroom in which two other servant girls also slept, Angelina waited until the candle was extinguished. ", "Then she undressed and laid the Emperor's handkerchief over her pillow. ", "That night, for the first time in her young life, she did not sleep a wink. ", "She gave herself up to a euphoric wakefulness, which was even sweeter and more peaceful than a good night's sleep . . .", "\nII\n\nEach day, each hour might bring a miracle: that Angelina would see the Emperor. ", "Upon consideration, though, it would not really be such a miracle but rather an event destined to happen — as a matter of course. ", "On Sundays she accompanied her aunt Véronique to visit numerous friends. ", "These were women of quality, of a special standing. ", "Their husbands were minor court or state officials: a sergeant-major of the Gendarmerie, the porter of the Elysée, an Imperial forester, an agent of the Police Ministry, a clerk at the Town Hall, the provost of the military prison, a Revenue Office sequestrator. ", "As certain as all these women were of their own social prominence, there was not one who would dare dispute the mysterious importance of Véronique Casimir. ", "Each household she visited believed it was welcoming an intimate of both earthly and heavenly powers. ", "With a splendid magnanimity, Véronique doled out advice and prophecies. ", "The advice was revealed to be valuable and most of the prophecies came true. ", "For how could it be otherwise? ", "She even knew the results of the Emperor's battles in advance!", "\n\nSometimes she also read the cards for Angelina — not on Sundays, but on Fridays between eleven and twelve o'clock at night. ", "Angelina would sit across from her aunt at the long table in the dining hall, her meager elbows resting on the surface. ", "Her embarrassed red hands moved helplessly over her flaming face or fingered the black corset and white apron that comprised an Imperial laundress's uniform; curiosity and awe filled her heart. ", "Along the walls and beneath the ceiling of the spacious hall, eerie shadows engaged in frenzied undulation. ", "These shadows were not chased away but rather strengthened and intensified by two wax candles on the table to the right and left of the outspread cards. ", "It was known that Véronique, following some secret magic formula, had mixed some incense into the wax. ", "The room was fully transformed; no longer was it the great dining hall where everyone ate on a daily basis, but rather a cavernous tomb in which the shadows of those buried along the walls were flitting about.", "\n\nFor the young Angelina, the cards always said the same thing: at her feet lay a handsome bearded man in uniform. ", "A child, a boy, appeared from the already dissipating mists of the near future. ", "But death was waiting in the less transparent background, and, strangely enough, it had something to do with a bloody war. ", "Money — or sudden fortune — was nowhere to be seen; neither was there any indication of illness. ", "An enigmatic glimpse of fame was revealed, but even Véronique's sharp eyes could not focus it. ", "Midnight struck finally, in a thin and hollow voice. ", "The hushed commands of the changing guard and the muffled clatter of arms being presented could be heard outside. ", "Véronique rose, packed up her cards and, with Angelina leading, left holding a flickering candle in each hand. \"", "Good night, child,\" she said. ", "Angelina curtsied, and her aunt kissed her on the forehead, candlesticks in both outstretched arms.", "\n\nLittle Angelina was bitterly disappointed by the ever-unchanging voice of the cards. ", "Every Friday she awaited a new tone; she suspected what it would be but did not dare admit it. ", "A certain type of gossip often ruled the conversation among the servants, and although Angelina did not fully comprehend she got the gist of it. ", "She often heard the lackeys and servants say: \"Congratulations, Pierre! ", "Your Caroline disappeared last night!\" ", "Or: \"Good morning, dear friend. ", "Are you going to take her back, or are you going to duel the little guy?\" ", "And she saw by the shameless and open, yet secret-concealing smiles of the men that they were referring to love affairs, and she guessed that these were the Emperor's love affairs. ", "She knew this Caroline, as well as Babette, Catherine, and Arlette. ", "How arrogantly they now began to bustle about among the rest of the servants, their ordinary uniforms appearing magically transformed! ", "Was the mighty one so petty at times that he lusted for maids? ", "Yet was he not so great that everything in the world was his? ", "The mountains, the valleys, and the rivers belonged to him, as did the Kings and their countries, their crowns, their daughters, their wives, the highest-ranking generals, and the common soldiers. ", "Everything, all of it, belonged to him — the magnificent and the mundane, the great and the simple. ", "Why not the maids too? ", "It would be euphoria to be his maiden, to be humiliated by him, to be worshipped by him! ", "Angelina's little heart fluttered and flitted like a caged bird. ", "Her blood surged restlessly, lustfully. ", "She could no longer resist the wondrous impulse to view herself in each of the many mirrors that were hung in the magnificent bathrooms. ", "This compulsion came over her simply enough. ", "It began with a timid mistrust of her own beauty and an unbridled recognition of the other girls' physical perfection. ", "She learned to compare her throat, her breasts, her hands and feet, with the throats, breasts, hands and feet of the others. ", "She began, during the night, to case a furtive glance at their bodies, first with admiration and then with envy. ", "One day, a day of special significance in the simple life of little Angelina Pietri, one of the ladies of the court left her bath later than usual. ", "Angelina saw her naked. ", "She was startled at this proud, carefree nudity. ", "She even forgot to curtsy. ", "She was paralyzed by a terrifying admiration. ", "It was as if the woman were not really naked, but enveloped in some sort of fully transparent beauty. ", "Although her body was exposed to Angelina's eyes, it was far away and certainly unreachable. ", "And if she had ventured to lay a finger on it, it would probably have felt like stone. ", "The woman smiled pleasantly.", "\n\n\"You may get started, child!\" ", "she said.", "\n\nAngelina blushed and paled in the same moment. ", "She was suddenly incensed as she had never been before. ", "For the first time she felt completely humiliated. ", "This pretty woman had the right to call her \"child,\" but at that moment, Angelina felt that the ordinarily kindly term was disdainful. ", "She felt condemned to permanent insignificance.", "\n\nThe lady-in-waiting came and covered her naked mistress with a blue cloak. ", "Angelina was left alone.", "\n\nFor the first time, she detected lustful and at the same time hateful scents in the bathroom. ", "For the first time she looked with interest at the yellow, emerald-green, and ruby-red flasks of perfume, the soaps, the sponges, the almond milk, and the Indian salves. ", "She slowly scooped the milky water from the bath and began to clean with rage and purpose, exhaling forcefully upon the mirror as though she were flinging some evil incantation against the glass — and then she wiped it vigorously as if to crush it. ", "Her young face shone back at her pleasantly. ", "Yes, for the first time she found herself attractive and after a while even beautiful. ", "She was a red-haired, freckled girl, with a forehead that was too high — one could even say too proud were it not littered with freckles. ", "Her eyes were far too small, of a grayish color. ", "Her full lips formed a delicate downward arc. ", "In her chin nestled a dimple. ", "Too bad, thought Angelina, that it was marred by a freckle and rendered nearly invisible.", "\n\nA senseless desire to study her body gripped her. ", "She stripped off her apron and dress. ", "Her neck was petite and taut, her helpless young shoulders looked to her to be well proportioned and perfect, her breasts too small. ", "Anyhow, there were ways to get rid of freckles. ", "She was determined to be attractive without realizing that she already was.", "\n\nEvery day after that memorable occasion, she studied her awakening body anew. ", "Standing before the mirror she held adoring, silent conversation with her reflection, with her face, her lips, her eyes, her eyebrows. ", "Someone told her to use a certain salve to combat her freckles, but she thought no more about it; even her minor defects had already won her over. ", "She was devout and pious, and she knew that she was sinning. ", "She even took herself to confession.", "\n\nOne day, however, she finally gave in to the mirror in the Imperial bathroom. ", "She had resisted it for some time, out of a combination of fear and awe. ", "Now, though, it compelled her with double strength. ", "Abruptly, she stepped before it, ripped off her apron and opened her collar. ", "Her long white apron strings dragged along the ground. ", "Suddenly, the door behind her opened. ", "In the mirror, she watched as the Emperor's servant entered. ", "She had no time to fix her apron and dress.", "\n\n\"Where is the box?\" ", "asked the servant. \"", "Haven't you seen the snuff box?\" ", "His sullen eyes darted about the room. ", "Angelina froze, offering no reply. ", "She stood there, still facing the mirror. ", "In the reflection, she saw the servant nearing. ", "He was already at her back. \"", "Turn around!\" ", "he ordered.", "\n\nShe clapped both hands to her uncovered neck and turned toward the man. ", "Her apron strings were still dragging on the ground.", "\n\n\"What have you been doing here? ", "What are you hiding there?\" ", "he asked.", "\n\n\"Nothing, nothing!\" ", "she panted.", "\n\nHer eyes darted to the right and left, trying to escape from the servant's large figure and broad face.", "\n\nSuddenly she spied the box. ", "It lay, elegant and silver, on a small table next to the bath. ", "She stretched out her arm and said: \"There, there!\"", "\n\n\"You must confess at once what you've done!\" ", "said the man in a hushed voice that had a stronger, more threatening tone than if he had shouted. \"", "Confess, confess, confess,\" repeated his monotonous voice as he came ever closer and closer to Angelina. ", "He was tiptoeing, and his soft steps were even more menacing than his whisper.", "\n\nFinally, he stood directly before Angelina. \"", "The Emperor is still here,\" he whispered, his breath hissing. \"", "I'm just now shaving him. ", "Quietly, quietly, don't scream! ", "Speak, quickly!\" ", "He reached out toward her. ", "It looked as if he were about to rip off her dress.", "\n\nDon't scream, she thought. ", "Don't scream! ", "But a shrill, deafening scream nonetheless escaped from her heart. ", "At that moment she sprang in the direction of the curtain at her left, which seemed to promise some means of escape. ", "She did not know not what she was doing and brushed against the toilet table, knocking over glasses and flasks and sending them crashing to the floor, where they shattered loudly.", "\n\nThe servant retreated to the door through which he had entered and disappeared. ", "Through the closed door came the angry ring of a mighty voice. ", "She could not understand the words, but to whom the voice belonged she could well guess. ", "It was the scolding voice of the Emperor. ", "Then all was quiet. ", "She held her breath. ", "Her heart fluttered. ", "She conquered her panic, bent down, and began with quiet, nimble fingers, to retrieve the shards. ", "Then she waited motionless. ", "She heard nothing more. ", "She went to the door that led to the corridor, cautiously pushed down the white handle, and stepped into the hall. ", "At that moment she heard the faint clinking of spurs. ", "She trembled. ", "The Emperor was heading her way! ", "She stood there stiff, paralyzed, her bunched-up apron holding the fragments of bottles and flasks, but did not see the Emperor although her eyes were wide open. ", "She only knew that for one eternal moment there had been a glint of white and a jingling of silver. ", "She could recall nothing else. ", "Her little head was empty and desolate.", "\n\nShe ran, she dashed, lost her way in the corridors, finally found the staircase, bounded down the steps and reached freedom.", "\nIII\n\nNothing came of her transgressions and she considered herself lucky. ", "She offered up her fervent prayers that Heaven might forgive her sins. ", "At night she kissed the crucifix that hung over her bed, held it against her heart, and lay down reassured. ", "But before falling asleep, she pulled out the handkerchief that she had hidden between the bolster and coverlet and pressed it too against her bosom. ", "The cross pacified her, but the handkerchief made her happy.", "\n\nOne evening at laundry inspection, when all thirty-six of the laundresses were lined up with military precision, Véronique Casimir said: \"Angelina delivers first. ", "Come here, Angelina. ", "Someone awaits you.\"", "\n\nBehind the door, in the poorly lit corridor, stood a strange lackey whom she had never before seen, wearing a blue outfit. ", "He was slighter and more delicate looking than the other male servants she knew. ", "He wore a fine gold-lace edging on his collar and lapels on his coat. ", "He looked like a dark blue, delicately gilded, very solemn shadow.", "\n\n\"I beg that you follow me, Mademoiselle!\" ", "he said. ", "It was the first time anyone had used the word \"Mademoiselle\" and such a polite form of address. ", "Her courage evaporated with each step she took. ", "The alien feeling grew with the corridor's every bend. ", "They entered the garden and by and by came to an unfamiliar corner. ", "Barely a couple of minutes had elapsed, but Angelina felt like she had been following the lackey for hours. ", "They re-entered the palace, through an unfamiliar door. ", "Angelina had never seen this entrance or the staircase they next ascended. ", "With a firm grasp on the banister, she trod upon the narrow strip of white stone that the dark-red carpet left uncovered. ", "The carpet seemed ominous; she only trusted the narrow stone margin. ", "They entered a spacious room. ", "A thick green drape fell over the door in heavy silken pleats. ", "Two armchairs stood near a small table. ", "On the table were bottles and glasses, and cold meats and cheese on porcelain dishes bearing the Imperial crest. ", "The lackey pushed up a chair and said: \"Sit down, Mademoiselle.\" ", "He then decanted some golden wine into a crystal glass. ", "After that he disappeared behind the portière, dainty, slight, and dark blue. ", "Heavy yet silent, the green folds came together behind him.", "\n\nAngelina sat stiffly in the wide, soft fauteuil, the golden wine glass before her. ", "Glassy eyed, she gazed at the large windows, the solemn paintings on the walls (which seemed to her nothing more than colored blotches surrounded by gilt frames), the great crystal chandelier in the middle above the table, and the heavy silver candelabra in all four corners of the room. ", "From the burning candles came the scent of wax and violets. ", "To her left was a broad bed, half hidden by light-brown curtains studded with golden bees. ", "She sat there rigidly erect and tried in vain to think.", "\n\nAll was familiar, yet all was foreign. ", "Maybe she had dreamed all this before; maybe someone was coming to kill her. ", "Or perhaps someone was only seeking to punish her. ", "A dozen bizarre tales, ones she had heard at home as a child, filled her imagination. ", "She grew flushed. ", "The warmth, the scent, the candlelight, and her own fears; all these things dazed her. ", "She wished to get up and open a window. ", "She wanted to go and extinguish the candles. ", "They were so bright, they practically roared. ", "Angelina thought that she would be content to sit there if only it were dark. ", "Quite black, as it now was in her bedroom. ", "But she dared not move.", "\n\nGradually she became tired. ", "She leaned back and felt the soft embrace of the arms and back of the chair as a new, even greater danger. ", "She leaned forward again and grabbed for the glass. ", "Her hand trembled. ", "She drank, leaned back again, took another sip, and yet another. ", "It was wine, yet seemed to be more than mere wine. ", "It was sweet and bitter, comforting and dangerous — promising. ", "It was the drink of sin. ", "She tried to straighten up a little more so as to replace the glass on the table. ", "She could not. ", "Too late, she thought, too late, and had more to drink.", "\n\nShe sat there, empty glass in hand. ", "Already, she felt more at home. ", "The room felt less alien now. ", "She ventured, with a bold resolution, to stand up, as she had decided to take at least one walk around the chamber. ", "She stopped before the first painting; it was the Emperor, a huge portrait that reached to the floor. ", "One had to lift one's head to see his face. ", "His boots were the first thing to greet the eyes, then his breeches, next his coat, and finally, as if in the clouds high above, his face.", "\n\nLittle Angelina did not go any further. ", "She fled back to the comfortable danger of the armchair. ", "She was trembling, afraid she would drop the glass she held in her hand, so she replaced it with great care on the table. ", "A powerful and terrifying, yet wonderful, premonition overcame her, a fierce and dangerous foreboding that came from without, seemingly emanating from the wine, streaming from the Emperor's portrait, the bed in the corner, and the overwhelming scent of the candles.", "\n\nThe portière's heavy green ripples caught her eye, and with every passing moment she swore she saw them moving. ", "Now she listened and believed she heard voices. ", "Then it seemed the curtains had parted and the Emperor had appeared, looking like his portrait, his head invisible, just below the ceiling; he was large and growing ever larger. ", "She leaned forward, poured herself a fresh glass and sipped it. ", "Then, timidly and reverently, she replaced it on the table.", "\n\nShe now believed she knew why she had been brought here. ", "A sweet fear filled her, and she lustfully surrendered to it — dreamy, childlike, and proud. ", "She drank another sip. ", "She leaned back, clinging desperately to the glass with her reddish young hands. ", "Her gaze swept from the walls to the candles, from the candles to the windows, and always back to the portière. ", "She noticed that one of the candles in the corner was starting to sag from the high heat and she wished to get up and right it, but dared not. ", "With a maid-servant's dutiful ear, she listened in horror to the soft and regular drip of the wax on to the carpet. ", "Her childlike pride died and her lustful fear was overtaken by another, a quite ordinary fear, that of a servant who has neglected her duty. ", "In any case, she was unable to stand. ", "In order to avoid seeing the candle, she closed her eyes.", "\n\nShe fell asleep straight away, holding the glass perfectly upright in her foolish hands, on her still lap. ", "Confusing snippets of dreams floated through her mind. ", "Her lips were slightly open, and her smile was tinged with fear. ", "Her respiration was faint; even in sleep she dared not breathe.", "\n\nShe awoke to the first summer's chirping of the birds. ", "The June morning streamed triumphantly through all the high, wide windows, dampened a bit by the greenery of the trees in the park. ", "Angelina's conscientious eyes immediately sought the drooping candle. ", "A small, bent lump of wax was all that remained of it. ", "On the beautiful carpet, however, was the disastrous rest of the candle — a small dried pond of yellow wax. ", "In the air was a cold blue fog from the long since extinguished candles.", "\n\nAngelina felt helpless and forlorn. ", "She thought no more of the portière. ", "She wished to be far away, in her house in Ajaccio, amid the beloved nets, the rocky shore, the golden, silver, and steel-blue fish, the scent of the algae and the mussels. ", "She was still holding the wine glass in her hand. ", "She put it on the table and rose.", "\n\nSuddenly there came the noise of voices and footsteps. ", "A door was flung open, the portière was ripped aside brusquely, and there stood the Emperor. ", "His hair was tousled, a couple of buttons of his vest were open, and in the early morning light he looked ragged, older, and more diminutive than he must actually have been. ", "Angelina jerked ridiculously to her knees with a thud, as though someone had pushed her down. ", "She lowered her head and could see nothing except his Imperial black boots upon the red carpet.", "\n\nShe heard someone enter silently behind the Emperor, spied a blue shoe and a gold buckle, and she guessed it was the blue lackey from yesterday.", "\n\n\"Idiot!\" ", "roared the Emperor's voice and then: \"Let her out!\"", "\n\nWhen she raised her head, the Emperor was gone. ", "Before the green curtain stood the slender blue lackey.", "\n\n\"Come, Mademoiselle,\" he said.", "\n\nHe left her standing in the garden. ", "Somewhere, a tower was striking six. ", "Work began at six-thirty. ", "Ashamed, confused, and dazed, she ran along the broad avenue. ", "Up ahead glimmered the servants' wing. ", "She was the first of all the maids to report to the laundry.", "\n\nSince that remarkable night, little Angelina's heart was limp and injured. ", "She tried in vain to convince herself that she had only dreamed the incident. ", "All the particulars lingered in her memory, mercilessly clear, the cruel outline of each one filled in with meticulous details. ", "They stubbornly forbade Angelina from regarding them as dreams and shadows. ", "That night persecuted her doggedly. ", "She could still detect the warm scent of burning wax and violets. ", "She could still taste the cool sharp golden sweetness of the wine. ", "She could yet feel the sudden, painful blow of shame. ", "Her awakening, prescient blood knew that she had been scorned. ", "With a numb hatred little Angelina began to despise the great ladies, those she believed would never have been rejected, even by the Emperor. ", "Her newly aroused vanity faded and died, after briefly flowering, in shame, disgrace, and hatred. ", "She no longer looked at her face; all the mirrors in the world were suddenly reflectionless. ", "At night she prayed only fleetingly and gave the crucifix but a quick glance. ", "The Emperor's handkerchief lay hidden at the bottom of her wooden box.", "\n\nOne Sunday, when she was accompanying her aunt on her round of visits, they came to the Provost's house. ", "There she met his nephew, the magnificent Sergeant-Major Sosthène, whose heart she inflamed from the very first moment.", "\n\nNothing distinguished him from most of the other sergeant-majors in the Imperial cavalry. ", "Tall, vibrant, brave, twice wounded and decorated, he was much like the rest of his comrades. ", "When Angelina was only a few steps away from him, she saw him as a world unto himself — a world of sabres, spurs, boots, and woven braid, a world of blue and red. ", "Even his face was a part of his uniform. ", "He was a being composed not of limbs and organs like all other human beings, but rather of colors. ", "Next to him, little Angelina had, in order to converse with him, to cast an upward gaze along his front, as though he were a colorful mountain, and it took quite a while for her to spot the peak, a mighty blue-black mustache with a frightening sheen, and over this two gaping, black, crater-like nostrils.", "\n\nHe left her feeling apathetic — and she only gave the appearance of being interested — when he told tales about his battles and the foreign lands in which he had fought, lived, and loved. ", "Favorably, but not without criticism, he discussed the Emperor's strategies. ", "It would not have taken much for the Emperor to have lost this battle or been killed in that one, or at the very least been taken prisoner. ", "Those people, including the Provost, who had only seen the Imperial Army on parade, had no idea of the importance of chance and luck in battle. ", "Perhaps it was only a coincidence that the Colonel of the Sergeant-Major's regiment had not become Emperor. \"", "Only God can know,\" said the Provost's wife.", "\n\n\"There's no God!\" ", "said the Sergeant-Major firmly. ", "Equally decisively, and with the gallant and noisy bow of an armed beast, he invited Angelina and her aunt to dine with him.", "\n\nThey dined at a fine inn on baked sole, beef with coarse salt, sweet carrots, and tender baby onions — a soldier's meal. ", "The Sergeant-Major rapped on the floor thrice with his sabre, and the waiter brought a sharp Rhineland wine. ", "There too the Sergeant-Major had tamed the Germans, and with every gulp he voiced his recollections. ", "To finish, they drank coffee and several cognacs. ", "At that point Aunt Véronique declared that her work awaited. \"", "One moment,\" said the Sergeant-Major, \"I will escort you, Madame.\" ", "He hunched over and Aunt Véronique straightened up; thus he could reach her arm with his mighty fist, grab it, and lead her clinking all the way to the door. ", "He offered a military salute and returned, a beaming mountain, to Angelina.", "\n\nThat evening, she learned a good bit about the world — a carriage ride, a fair that was bright as day on account of countless lanterns, another cognac and, finally, a little red-golden room, a bottle of champagne, and love on a cramped sofa no larger than a roomy cradle. ", "Angelina's head hung dazed and confused over the arm, causing painful pressure on her neck. ", "She felt that her body parts were in scattered disarray, much like her clothes were at that moment. ", "A colorful, strange mountain was embracing her with all its might and was about to crush her completely.", "\n\nShe finally emerged from the room to a graying morning sky. ", "In the carriage, as she began to put her hair and clothes in order, she eventually convinced herself that none of her body parts were missing. ", "The Sergeant-Major's whiskers brushed against her face and neck a few more times as they stood before the palace. ", "He let go of her and ordered her to wave. ", "She obeyed and she watched him wave back. ", "She scurried up the familiar staircase to her room. ", "Her roommates were still asleep. ", "She did not pray before bed, for the first time in her life.", "\n\nWith a dark awareness that life was very difficult and quite unintelligible, a dangerous and extraordinary burden, she sank into a deep slumber.", "\nIV\n\nSo it came to pass that Véronique Casimir's prophecy was fulfilled — a bearded man in uniform lay at Angelina's feet. ", "He waited for her every morning at the servants' entrance after her work was done. ", "He stood there, ever punctual, large, and colorful. ", "Long before she reached him, Angelina could see him, gloriously gaudy, through the park fence and the green of the trees. ", "The first silvery stars were already glimmering in the clear sky, and the shining dragoon's helmet with its mighty curved rib and black horsetail seemed almost to reach them. ", "It was not out of longing that Angelina ran toward him — but fear and anxious impatience. ", "He waited motionless, like a multicolored rock, until she reached him. ", "She was not bold enough to look up to his top, to his towering, dazzling zenith. ", "Her sky-blue bonnet reached only up to the pommel of his sabre and his lowest vest button. ", "With a powerful arm, and without needing to bend at all, he lifted her up to his face level and, as her legs dangled helplessly in mid-air, his mustache rubbed against her forehead, her closed eyes, and her freckled cheeks, like a soft brush. ", "She floated breathlessly between heaven and earth for what felt like an eternity. ", "At last he let her slip dizzily back to the ground again. ", "She staggered along at his right hip, while his sabre rattled at his left. ", "His spurs jingled menacingly and his boots crunched lightly but sharply. ", "Thus they headed off to the evening's leisure.", "\n\nHis leave seemed never to end; apparently he had much influence in his regiment. ", "Equally evident was the fact that his need for Angelina's love was a long way from being satiated. ", "He could, as he had hinted a few times, get himself transferred to a cavalry regiment in Paris. ", "The mere thought of it filled Angelina with genuine terror. ", "She dared not ask when he would be leaving. ", "When he reiterated that he could serve just as well in Paris as in Lyons or Grenoble, she realized that he was waiting for her endorsement and encouragement. ", "She accepted and submitted to him with the same resignation as one gives in to fate. ", "He fell upon her regularly every evening at the same time like a colorful, clattering avalanche. ", "Although broken and exhausted, the very fact that she could rise again with her body in one piece seemed to be blessing enough. ", "Clearly, this man had been destined for her from the dawn of time. ", "Even the cards had foretold it.", "\n\nHigh over her head, so that she could hardly understand him, he prattled away tirelessly. ", "She heard rumbling noises, little claps of thunder, and when sometimes he sneezed it sounded like a cloudburst. ", "It was only when she sat across from him at the table that she could actually understand what he was saying, although she could not fully comprehend its meaning. ", "Spellbound but not without rancor, as one can sometimes be entranced by something odious and ugly, little Angelina watched the grotesque movements of the mighty masculine mouth that seemed to be chewing while he spoke, the large red lower lip and the mustache that swept continuously through the empty air. ", "The Sergeant-Major spoke lofty words, but to Angelina their ponderous tedium caused them to fall flat. ", "Still, she did not dare look away from his face.", "\n\nAlthough she felt that he alone was the cause of her worst sins, it seemed to be an even greater sin to resist and not obey him. ", "She was therefore completely at a loss. ", "She felt that henceforth she was without the power to choose between virtue and sin, condemned to sway back and forth between two kinds of sin. ", "She realized that since this mighty man had forced himself upon her, she had abandoned her old and comforting habit of attending church, out of fear that — helpless and stained as she believed herself to be — she might infuriate God through her presence alone. ", "She longed to return to the forever-vanished days of her childhood purity.", "\n\nOne evening on their way home, when they were already near the palace, the Sergeant-Major raised a finger, pointed toward the palace and said: \"He's had much luck. ", "Perhaps more luck than he deserves.\"", "\n\nIt was already late in the evening and the streets were so still that Angelina could hear his words clearly, although they rumbled quite far over her head. ", "At first she did not understand what the Sergeant-Major meant. ", "However, she felt immediate disgust, and even before she figured out to whom he was referring, she began to hate him — and only on account of this single remark.", "\n\n\"Who's had luck?\" ", "she asked in her thin, timid voice.", "\n\n\"Him, naturally, Bonaparte!\" ", "It was unusual for someone to refer to the Emperor with this name and Angelina's hatred of the Sergeant-Major increased.", "\n\n\"The Emperor?\" ", "she asked.", "\n\n\"Yes, him naturally!\" ", "said the Sergeant-Major.", "\n\n\"You serve in his army!\" ", "Angelina replied. ", "She managed these words only with great effort. ", "Her voice was trembling.", "\n\n\"In his army,\" said the Sergeant-Major (and he intoned the word \"his\" spitefully), \"many serve who dislike him. ", "But you wouldn't understand such things, little one!\"", "\n\nThey had arrived at the fence, and suspicion was awakened in Angelina — for the first time in her young life, suspicion! — ", "that the Sergeant-Major had stopped speaking of the Emperor only because he feared someone would overhear him.", "\n\nHe lifted her up as he always did at their parting, but not with one arm as at their greeting; for the guards were no longer watching and it was apparently not worth wasting his strength when there were no witnesses. ", "So he raised her with both arms, kissed her noisily on both cheeks, with a sound that echoed into the silent night and set her down to the ground with a jerk, less gently than when they met. ", "When she was safely on earth again, he said: \"Tomorrow we will celebrate my departure. ", "The day after tomorrow my leave ends and can't be extended. ", "The day after tomorrow I must report for duty. ", "Will you be sorry?\"", "\n\n\"Yes, I'll be sorry,\" murmured Angelina.", "\n\nFor the first time since her relationship with the Sergeant-Major had begun, she ran cheerfully up the steps and for the first time in weeks she slept gently, without nightmares. ", "The next morning she awoke just as cheerfully as she had fallen asleep. ", "The last day of her agonizing affair had dawned and she felt like a child on the evening before a happy holiday. ", "In the evening, when the Sergeant-Major appeared at the gate punctual and shimmering as always, she ran to meet him almost happily. ", "For the first time she felt sort of thankful toward this colossus and was in fact somewhat ashamed before him. ", "For the first time also she did not shudder at the mustache that brushed gently against her face.", "\n\nLater, however, when they entered a café named \"The Everlasting Joy,\" her chipper mood evaporated. ", "To celebrate his farewell, Sergeant-Major Sosthène had invited many of his comrades — non-commissioned officers, two provosts, and some officials. ", "By the time he and Angelina entered, most of them were already assembled. ", "They crowded around the metal-topped counter. ", "Behind it bustled the proprietor, in a green apron and white shirt, with a ruddy bloated face and a cheery black mustache that shone with the same gleam as his eyes. ", "All turned to face the newcomers, as if by command, and cried: \"Long live Sosthène!\" ", "Mighty and magnificent Sosthène remained at the threshold, open door at his back, for he thought given the circumstances it would be inappropriate for him to close it himself. ", "At his right hip, looking far less impressive than the sabre at his left, clung Angelina. ", "He raised his hand, letting Angelina's arm drop as he did so, leaving her feeling that he was completely abandoning her in the hour of his triumph, and he thundered: \"I'm here, comrades!\"", "\n\nAt the same moment, an accordion in the corner began to play one of the customary military marches.", "\n\nThey all began to eat right away — quickly, intently, and silently. ", "They ate tremendous mouthfuls with great appetite, drank down voluminous glasses full, and watched their plates zealously. ", "Angelina did not wish to look at the others, but something made her keep looking and every time she saw one of the guests devour a large forkful, she took ever smaller and daintier forkfuls. ", "This farewell evening was going to drag on forever, she thought, and the jovial men gathered here were all her fiancés, so it mattered not whether Sergeant-Major Sosthène's leave ended the next morning. ", "She was betrothed to all his friends and was at their mercy.", "\n\nOnce all the beef had been devoured, a Corporal of artillery got to his feet, rapped on his glass, and began a speech.", "\n\nHe spoke of all of Sergeant-Major Sosthène's heroic deeds and made it sound as if the Emperor had Sergeant-Major Sosthène to thank for all his victories.", "\n\nAfter the Corporal was done, the Sergeant-Major stood and confirmed, with only minor corrections, the Corporal's words. ", "Everyone applauded him.", "\n\nWhen midnight struck most of the participants were drunk and no longer had their wits about them. ", "And they began to talk about the Emperor.", "\n\nThe first to speak was Sergeant-Major Sosthène. \"", "Each of us sitting here,\" he said, \"could have had the same luck.\" ", "But in reality, he meant that only he, Sergeant-Major Sosthène Levadour, could have had the same luck and no one else.", "\n\n\"Each of us,\" repeated the Corporal who had given the oratory on the Sergeant-Major.", "\n\n\"He's a lucky guy!\" ", "said one of the provosts taking part in the festivities, a gray-haired fellow with a shriveled-up face.", "\n\n\"He's a fox!\" ", "said another.", "\n\n\"He's thoughtless and unscrupulous,\" began a third. \"", "Think about it, my comrades, think how easily he betrayed the people and their freedom.\"", "\n\n\"The French people!\" ", "interjected a fourth.", "\n\n\"He has betrayed the liberty of the people,\" said Sergeant-Major Sosthène, \"yes indeed, that he has! ", "I must say that, even though I'm one of his soldiers, a soldier in our glorious army.\"", "\n\n\"Certainly, we have abundant glory,\" the Corporal of the artillery proclaimed. \"", "And it is quite true that without him we wouldn't have seen the world and it wouldn't have trembled before us. ", "Nevertheless, I must say . . .\"", "\n\nThe Provost finished the Corporal's sentence: \"Nevertheless, I must say that we have him to thank for everything, our Little Corporal.\"", "\n\nThe company did not entirely agree with him. ", "It remained quiet for some time after these words. ", "Sergeant-Major Sosthène alone, being even more intoxicated than the others, spoke with a bitter tone and a tone that was no longer reliable: \"As far as I, myself, and fellows of my type are concerned, we should have conquered the world anyhow. ", "Right, my comrades?\"", "\n\nHe looked from one to the next, lips still grinning beneath his moist and disheveled mustache, black eyes glowing spitefully from a warm and ruddy face. ", "Nobody answered him. ", "They all occupied themselves with something or another. ", "One lifted his glass to the light and studied it for possible dust. ", "Another polished his fork with the tablecloth. ", "A third wore a vacant smile, as though he had not been listening to the conversation for hours. ", "A fourth drank the rest of his wine with a conspicuous slowness, as if trying to taste each and every drop with his tongue. ", "Despite his drunkenness, Sergeant-Major Sosthène noticed that the whole group had abandoned him. ", "He propped both his giant fists on the table and stood, seeming to be supporting himself on his arms not his legs. ", "And he said, with a glance at Angelina at his side: \"Comrades! ", "What's the General without us? ", "What's an Emperor without soldiers? ", "Who's greater: the Emperor or the army? ", "Who's greater, I ask? ", "Who's greater, I ask?\"", "\n\nBut no answer came.", "\n\n\"I say this,\" continued Sosthène. \"", "The army is greater! ", "Long live the army!\"", "\n\nAngelina had been sitting still the entire time. ", "A powerful fear and a great, previously unknown shame had gripped her chest. ", "She felt that the shame and fear had a tight hold on her heart, compressing it from both sides at the same time like a pair of iron clamps. ", "She had no idea from whence this shame and fright came. ", "She felt defiled in this company and also guilty for listening to them without contradiction. ", "Suddenly she was also filled with hatred and fury toward all the men at the table and especially against Sergeant-Major Sosthène. ", "She wanted to call for help. ", "With great effort she lifted her hand from her lap — her small, young, reddish hand — and grabbed her glass. ", "She drank a little and all at once she imagined herself again in the grand chamber, near the heavy, undulating green portière, sitting before the crystal decanter. ", "She could even see the Emperor's portrait on the wall. ", "She suddenly felt free, strong, and bold. ", "A powerful, exhilarating, and intimately familiar force washed over her. ", "She stood up. ", "A joyful hatred hardened her heart. ", "And an unfamiliar, kindly spirit imbued her with brave words.", "\n\n\"You should be ashamed of yourselves,\" she said, \"for slandering the Emperor. ", "You would be nothing — less than nothing, without him. ", "Not only would you not have seen the world — you wouldn't have ventured even a mile out of your villages or towns. ", "Without the Emperor you'd have no swords, no helmets, and no braid; not even the money to buy the wine you're drinking. ", "You only stood with him in battle because he led you. ", "If any one of you has shown bravery you've only Napoleon to thank for that too. ", "He alone gave you courage and then medals for your service, medals you don't deserve. ", "That's why I say you should be ashamed of yourselves!\"", "\n\nShe sat down again. ", "She saw as if from a great distance (although he was sitting at her side) Sergeant-Major Sosthène reach for the carafe and refill his glass. ", "She saw the hands that she knew so well, his stubby-fingered, fleshy, hairy, muscular hands — she saw them both although the Sergeant-Major only stretched one toward the decanter — and she remembered with deep horror and profound shame how these shameless, depraved, hairy tools were used to fondling her flesh, her breasts, her arms, and her thighs.", "\n\nA great anguish seemed suddenly to have spread around the table. ", "It seemed to everyone that the candles were burning away at a more quick and hurried pace, the tallow disappearing more rapidly, the whole room growing much darker. ", "Nobody felt able to converse with anyone else. ", "It was a pathetic and failed celebration — without a doubt. ", "All were silent.", "\n\nBut just when the spirits of the guests were about to become irretrievably squashed by the gloom, the door flew open and together with the fresh evening breeze that caused the candles to flicker, and, as though carried in with it, Véronique Casimir stormed into the room. ", "She came as if riding, wearing unusually festive clothes — in full armor, that is to say, with bare shoulders and heaving bosom, wearing the light-gray silk gown that was rumored to be a personal gift from the Empress Josephine and which she sported only on special occasions. ", "Between her unnaturally white breasts, from which emanated a delicate cloud of flour-colored powder, hung a heavy and solid piece of jade surrounded by glittering diamonds — a gift from the Empress Josephine and doubtless a magical stone of the first degree. ", "The door remained open for some time, and the stream of fresh night air continued to fan the golden candle flames. ", "The proprietor quickly placed another armchair at the head end of the table. ", "Before they could decide what this gleaming vision portended, Véronique sat down. \"", "I see,\" she began with the certain voice of a professional seer, \"that you have been arguing. ", "Peace must prevail among you.\"", "\n\nHer pale, fleshy fingers tapped loquaciously upon the white tablecloth, each individual finger a voiceless tongue. ", "A delicate cloud of white powder wafted from her wide face. ", "Behind the cloud the guests could see her black eyes glowing. ", "All were quiet. ", "Véronique was a confidante of the Imperial House. ", "She had prophesied battles, victories and defeats with the cards. ", "She had been a confidante of the Empress and, who knew, perhaps even a confidante of the Emperor himself.", "\n\nShe well knew what the men were thinking. ", "Her primary concern was the prospective marriage of her niece to Sergeant-Major Sosthène. ", "She knew that Angelina, just like all the women in France, loved the Emperor not Sergeant-Major Sosthène — for every woman in the entire land (and perhaps even in the entire world) loved the Emperor at that time and not their own men. ", "When people spoke maliciously about the Emperor, it seemed to Véronique as senseless as if one were to take a stand against some institution of nature. ", "For the moment, her main concern was Angelina's happiness. ", "Even if Sergeant-Major Sosthène did belong to those Jacobins, he still could marry Angelina eventually.", "\n\nStill, it upset Véronique Casimir to hear the Emperor slandered. ", "This was not such a rare occurrence at the time; it was even common among the Imperial servants, in many regiments, and among unhappy non-commissioned officers. ", "Indeed, long ago, when the Emperor was still known as Bonaparte, even Véronique Casimir had been tempted, sometimes even while in confidential conversation with the Emperor's own wife, to let slip strong words against the great one. ", "Recalling this only made her more resolute against those who now dared say anything against the Emperor.", "\n\nShe resolved to deal with these blasphemers on a later occasion, but not to let them see this for the time being. ", "Soon she noticed, however, that the men were gesturing to each other by all kinds of silent and impudent signs that they must have thought were secret and undecipherable to her. ", "Only Sergeant-Major Sosthène sat, gigantic and unmoving, next to little Angelina, and seemingly without comprehension of his friends' behavior. ", "He offered Véronique Casimir some wine. ", "She drank delicately, cautiously, stretching her little finger when she raised the glass, so that her rings glittered in the candlelight. ", "She took tiny sips from her glass, setting it down after each one, and watched the men's conspiracy with a spiteful shrewdness. ", "She listened with open and doubly sharpened ears. ", "And suddenly she hear the Corporal whisper to a sergeant-major: \"It makes him weak. ", "We are better in bed . . .\"", "\n\nVéronique Casimir knew instantly of what they were speaking. ", "Ah! ", "She was familiar with all the hushed rumors and stories about the fleeting and shameless haste of the Emperor's lovemaking. ", "Maid-servants and laundresses had experienced this brand of love-making, as had ladies of the court and the Empress herself. ", "Yet all of these women, the superior and the inferior, were grateful to the Emperor for his hasty, careless, and indifferent embrace. ", "They never forgot that he was a god and that it is in the nature of gods to love quickly. ", "In those days women could speak the Emperor's name only with hatred, fear, or love, as though the women who gave themselves to his embrace felt during that brief minute all the passion of the entire world — hatred, fear, and love. ", "Véronique Casimir knew that for these women there was passion stronger than pleasure and that was ambition. ", "True they were not sated when they emerged from the Emperor's room, but they were uplifted and ennobled. ", "He dismissed them quickly and disappeared just as fast. ", "They left his presence feeling an infinite hunger and a permanent desire to return to him. ", "He possessed all the characteristics of the gods: he was mighty, terrible in his anger, and brief in his grace. ", "The gods are fleeting.", "\n\nSo Véronique raised her glass with a hurried gesture, swallowed down the rest with a single manly gulp, and said with the hard military voice she used to give orders to her staff: \"Gentlemen!\" ", "This form of address broke up the men's brazen whispers. ", "Everyone looked up. \"", "Gentlemen!\" ", "she repeated. ", "She remained seated, but her face projected such superiority she appeared to be standing. \"", "You don't seem,\" she continued, \"used to taking the presence of ladies into consideration. ", "In any event, you should understand that I belong to the Imperial court and so does my niece.\" ", "She said \"court\" and not \"household.\" \"", "The commentary that you are so timidly whispering to each other is perhaps suitable to your barracks, although I know that even there they aren't customary. ", "I leave you, gentlemen! ", "I bid you a pleasant evening. ", "And you, Sergeant-Major Sosthène, be sure to bring the little one home punctually. ", "I will be waiting for her. ", "Come speak to me,\" she said to Angelina. \"", "Good night!\" ", "And before they knew it, she galloped out just as suddenly as she had come in — again leaving the door open behind her for a while, as the wind made the ends of the tablecloth dance and caused the candles to flicker.", "\n\nAll was quiet. ", "For a few moments all felt that they had been scolded by a superior. ", "They looked rather pathetic in their colorful uniforms.", "\n\nAngelina now felt herself poor, abandoned, and betrayed. ", "She longed for those kind native shores, for her father's house in Corsica and her poor but happy childhood. ", "All at once, she realized she had given the strange, multicolored mountain something he did not deserve. ", "It seemed to her that up to that very moment she had been living outside of her own body, as if she had given it away like some ordinary thing. ", "She foresaw the great and strict law Nature had delineated for women and understood she had violated it. ", "Relentless, sublime, and beautiful, it commanded girls to belong to their beloved and repel those they did not love. ", "She thought of the room with the wavy green curtain and the Emperor's portrait on the wall. ", "Suddenly, she was able to shed her shame, and it was as though she had already recovered from her grave sin. ", "She felt now that she could only love the one who was for her — and this love alone, her ability and readiness to love him, was something so great that sin, misdemeanor, error, and shame no longer had any import.", "\n\nShe finally raised her eyes and now, for the first time, they were proud and indifferent. ", "And thus she was able to see that the colorful mountain by her side was so stiff and silent only because he had lost his senses. ", "It was evidently his own special type of inebriation. ", "It was more terrifying than the loud and more common type. ", "The Sergeant-Major sat there unmoving, his small black eyes wide open and gawking. ", "He was more petrified than drunk. ", "Little Angelina nudged his stony-blue sleeve. ", "Sosthène did not budge. ", "She looked at the others. ", "They took no notice of her. ", "Some of them had risen and were playing dice or cards at another table. ", "One of the provosts, the Corporal, and two sergeant-majors were whispering stories to each other and after each one, all four broke into foolish giggles. ", "Angelina rose. ", "She left the table without a word, taking gentle steps. ", "Not even the proprietor noticed her.", "\n\nShe stood outside looking up at the sky. ", "She had forgotten to check the time in the restaurant. ", "It seemed to be far past midnight, and she gazed at the stars in a sudden, fond recollection of those long-gone childhood nights when she had sailed out to sea with her father and the old man had looked to the heavens to determine the time. ", "This night there were only a few stars visible. ", "Between the black clouds, which despite their ponderous heaviness were chasing across the sky at a surprising speed, here and there an occasional silver prick flashed and then disappeared. ", "The wind blew sharply, seeming to come from several different directions at once. ", "The streets were empty and the late lanterns were lonely, flickering unsteadily and unhappily. ", "Now a pale flash of lightning lit up the houses and was followed by the far off rumble of roaming thunder. ", "Little Angelina was frightened. ", "She wrapped her cloak more tightly around her body. ", "Although she did not know in what direction the route she picked would lead her, she decided to push forward without worrying. ", "When she finally reached a corner from which she thought the lamplight of a nearby main street was visible, the first heavy raindrops were starting to fall, and at the next moment a close and dazzling flash of lightning split the clouds. ", "Angelina walked ever more quickly. ", "By the time she reached a wide and better-lit avenue, the rain was pouring down violently, so she sheltered herself in the doorway of a large house. ", "Light was streaming from its windows and gilding the pouring rain. ", "Fine carriages were waiting in front of the building. ", "Angelina found this doorway to be quite pleasant. ", "She found herself immediately taking pleasure in everything before her: the rain, the lightning, the carriages, the fine house, and the gracious doorway. ", "A great joyfulness filled her and made everything around her seem pleasing, even the lightning, thunder, and rain.", "\n\nIt must have already been quite late. ", "A liveried porter descended the steps, opened both wings of the colossal front door, and cast an imperious glance at Angelina. ", "All the coachmen suddenly awoke, as if they had been called, crept from inside their vehicles, stood at the carriage doors, and let down the steps. ", "Angelina continued merrily along the street, in the direction her heart led her. ", "She took measured steps, neither slow nor quick, even though her coat, her dress, and her shoes were wet.", "\n\nBy the time she spied the palace, the rain had eased and the morning was growing noticeably stronger. ", "The sentry was asleep in his guardhouse and did not see her. ", "For the first time since she began working in Paris, she passed without apprehension through the narrow gateway that opened smoothly, silently, and practically hospitably. ", "She climbed the steps. ", "All was calm and peaceful. ", "The misty morning was beaming through the high narrow windows at the staircase landings, and out of the distance came the tentative first song of the awakening birds.", "\n\nAngelina took from her box the Emperor's handkerchief, which she had not looked at in a long time, pressed it against her heart and then her cheek, undressed herself, and slept quickly and easily, with the colorful handkerchief under her nightgown, near her happy heart . . . ", "\nV\n\nAll across the land and the world, women loved the Emperor. ", "But to Angelina it seemed that to love the Emperor was a special and mysterious art; she felt betrothed to him, the most exalted lord of all time. ", "He lived within her always. ", "Even as great as he was, there was room enough for him in her little heart; it had grown to absorb the entirety of his splendid majesty . . .", "\n\nShe forgot Sergeant-Major Sosthène very quickly, though. ", "He sometimes resurfaced in her memory like a huge shadow emerging from a repressed dream. ", "Anyway, it had been weeks since she had heard from him: no wonder, for the Emperor was readying a new campaign and his regiments changed their positions every week. ", "Few soldiers wrote to their sweethearts and wives during that time.", "\n\nA day arrived on which something remarkable happened to Angelina, something terrifying, upsetting, and completely incomprehensible. ", "As she was swinging her open smoothing-iron with vigor to incite the charcoal embers, it suddenly flew from her hand, as if ripped away by some unseen force. ", "She watched it crash against the wall, striking it with its pointed end, and then fall to the floor with the coal glowing red in its mouth. ", "Then she felt that she herself was falling into a profound and immeasurable blackness.", "\n\nShe awoke in her bed. ", "Véronique Casimir had been summoned. ", "The kindly, trustworthy woman was now sitting beside Angelina. ", "Angelina came to with clear memory of the iron and the strange force that had pulled it from her grip. \"", "So it is this far along!\" ", "she heard Véronique Casimir say. ", "These were the first words she heard upon her return to the world.", "\n\nThis proclamation frightened her. \"", "What is so far along?\" ", "she asked.", "\n\nAnd gently and calmly, Véronique replied: \"You're having a baby, Angelina. ", "I will make sure that Monsieur Levadour is notified. ", "Have no fear. ", "We'll fetch him for sure.\"", "\n\n\"A child?\" ", "asked Angelina. \"", "Why?\"", "\n\n\"It is God's will,\" said Véronique softly, casting her gaze to the ceiling and then crossing herself. \"", "We'll get him,\" she repeated.", "\n\n\"We'll get who?\" ", "asked Angelina.", "\n\n\"Why, Sergeant-Major Sosthène Levadour, naturally!\" ", "replied Véronique.", "\n\n\"What do we want with him?\" ", "Angelina asked.", "\n\n\"We want you to have a husband,\" said Véronique.", "\n\n\"I don't need a husband,\" said Angelina, and she thought about the nightly attacks that she had endured on the small plush red sofa, with the hard bolster pressing into her neck.", "\n\n\"Certainly you need a husband!\" ", "replied Véronique. \"", "Above all you need a man to be father to your child.\"", "\n\n\"I don't want a child,\" said Angelina. \"", "I don't need a child or a husband!\"", "\n\n\"You need them both!\" ", "Véronique insisted quietly.", "\n\nAngelina shut her eyes in the hopes that it would help her avoid seeing the great terror that now seemed to be sitting on Véronique's armchair by the bedside. ", "But under her closed eyelids, she saw it in even clearer detail. ", "It took the colossal form of Sergeant-Major Sosthène, who had suddenly changed from a shadow into an actual being again, even though he must have by now been off in some distant garrison and perhaps — hopefully so — determined not to know Angelina anymore. ", "What was the use? ", "She was to have a baby, and it was the Sergeant-Major's child. ", "The colossus was inside her and stirring within her. ", "She was too weak to rip him from her feeble body. ", "She decided to open her eyes again, for the danger seemed to be getting ever closer and larger. ", "But she had no strength to accomplish even this.", "\n\nThis lasted only a few minutes. ", "Véronique now bore a solemn expression, which brought Angelina even more trepidation. ", "It felt like a dangerous yet extremely serene Sunday. ", "She did not hear all of Véronique's words, but she was sure that what was being said with the intent to comfort was actually what she feared most. ", "She was very tired; it felt like the events of the day and of the previous weeks were in the distant past and had been played out in another, previous life. ", "Now a new life lay before her, totally unfamiliar and very dangerous. ", "She closed her eyes and waited for her aunt to leave, so that sleep might come over her. ", "But sleep did not come. ", "Instead a great mildness filled her, a great compassion for herself, her aunt, and even for Sergeant-Major Sosthène. ", "She dreamed with wakeful eyes of a vast battlefield, one of the Emperor's battlefields. ", "Red hot bullets flew through the air; there was a roaring and rumbling, flaring and thundering on all sides. ", "She could not visualize the Emperor himself, but she had a great longing to see him. ", "She called his name: \"Napoleon!\" ", "she cried. \"", "Napoleon!\" ", "But her voice died, meek and toneless in the mighty ruckus. ", "She found herself far away from those who were fighting and yet she was also in their midst. ", "Suddenly she saw Sergeant-Major Sosthène beside her, wobbling on his saddle. ", "Just then, he fell from his horse. ", "He raised both arms to the sky and cried: \"Angelina!\" ", "But she did not care about him. ", "She felt only that in a moment he would die — and even though she was ashamed of it, she wished with all her might for his death.", "\n\nShe awoke, remembered the dream, and was even more ashamed. ", "But, at the same time, an unfamiliar feeling of elation, at once warm and cool, streamed through her. ", "She was no longer afraid.", "\nVI\n\nSeven months later she bore a son in the house of the Corsican midwife Barbara Pocci, a good friend of Véronique Casimir. ", "Angelina rested safely, happy and without fear, in the broad, well-padded bed in which for years unmarried mothers had been bearing children. ", "From the bed she could see many familiar things that inspired nostalgia and reminded her of Corsica and her childhood. ", "A small, brightly colored wooden statue of Saint Christopher stood smiling and lonely on a fragile, high-legged table in the midwife's room. ", "The same statue had been in Angelina's house in Ajaccio. ", "On the neighboring commode shone a fat-bellied bottle, containing a miniature sailing ship carved with much detail during the leisure hours of the midwife's brother, a worthy sailor; it was one of the customary works of seafaring men. ", "There was a similar commode in Angelina's house in Ajaccio as well and also such a ship in a bottle. ", "Over the door, instead of a curtain, hung one of the tightly spun nets that fishermen employed to catch small creatures. ", "Although they had probably long since left their native isle, a familiar bittersweet odor still wafted from all these pleasant objects. ", "It was scent of algae and sea air, of mother-of-pearl shells and brownish-black sea urchins. ", "One could practically visualize dark blue storm clouds hovering over the sullen waves of a stormy sea.", "\n\nOne day Véronique Casimir brought paper, quill, and ink to the bed and said: \"I have his address.\"", "\n\nAngelina understood that she meant Sergeant-Major Sosthène. ", "She made one last meager attempt to avoid the unavoidable and asked: \"Whose address?\"", "\n\n\"Sosthène's address,\" answered Véronique. \"", "Now you must write to him.\"", "\n\n\"I have nothing to say to him,\" Angelina insisted.", "\n\n\"You must! ", "I command you!\" ", "Véronique replied. \"", "Here, write!\" ", "She laid a sheet of paper on the bedspread, dipped the quill in the inkwell, stepped menacingly close to the bedside, and held the plume so imperiously before her niece's face that Angelina had to obey. ", "She wrote:\n\n\"Dear Sir: My aunt, Mademoiselle Véronique Casimir, begs me to inform you that I gave birth to a child two days ago. ", "It is a boy. ", "I send you greetings, Angelina Pietri.\"", "\n\nVéronique took the paper, read it, shook her head and said: \"Good. ", "I will add the rest. ", "He won't get away from me!\"", "\n\nShe knew where to reach him. ", "The Emperor had just won a great battle, and the troops were still in Austria. ", "Véronique knew not only Sergeant-Major Levadour's address but was also acquainted with the wife of the colonel who led his regiment.", "\n\nTwo weeks later, Sergeant-Major Sosthène Levadour actually showed up. ", "He had been given leave, special leave, and he decided to use it in a special way. ", "The Emperor's great victory — and the fact that he had not only taken part in a noteworthy battle but also was himself the deciding factor (he assumed) of this Imperial victory — only made him more arrogant, more colorful, and colossal. ", "He was a giant in the low-ceilinged room where Angelina and her child were staying. ", "He greeted her with his usual dashing but severe affection, lifting her into the air with both hands, and in this room she felt she was being dangled at an even higher altitude than on the evenings during the previous summer, that the smell of his mustache was even more potent and that it swept across her cheeks even more intensely and roughly. ", "Then he put her down again before him, took a step back and then two large steps forward, reached the bed where his son lay, and bent over him. ", "The little one whimpered pathetically. ", "Sosthène lifted the wrapped bundle high. ", "It seemed quite insignificant in his arms. ", "He asked: \"What's his name? ", "What've you called him?\"", "\n\n\"Antoine Pascal,\" said Angelina, \"after my father.\"", "\n\n\"Glad to hear it, glad to hear it!\" ", "thundered Sosthène. \"", "He'll be a soldier, he has a soldier's blood.\" ", "And he laid the white bundle down diagonally on the bed.", "\n\nHe squeezed himself into the narrow red upholstered armchair, jerked it around the room a bit, and realized it would be difficult to free his massive figure again from the chair arms clamping him in. ", "He felt both somewhat unsettled and a little embarrassed about it, and, because just at that moment he had something critical to say, he grew angry and his face turned purple. ", "It looked like a colorful crown for his colorful uniform. ", "For a time he searched for an appropriate start, thought of the amicably threatening letters that Véronique Casimir had written him and the fact that he would now, because of this pitiful little bundle, have to marry a red-haired, freckled girl. ", "For a moment his slow and dull brain was lit by a slight spark of insight into fate, guilt, and sin. ", "The meager stirring of his vacant heart that followed, however, only increased his wrath. ", "At that moment he would have been willing to believe in God if only to be angry with Him and have somewhere to place all the blame. ", "However, he did not believe in the unseen God so he doled out his wrath only upon that which he could see.", "\n\nHe thought with bitterness of the various and fleeting women he had possessed as a dragoon might, and it seemed to him that Angelina could not compare with a single one of them so far as beauty went. ", "And Sergeant-Major Sosthène grew even more angry and bitter. ", "Of the sergeant-majors in his regiment, only one was married, a certain Renard, who was over fifty years old, thus his foolish deed had occurred so long ago that it could hardly be called ridiculous anymore. ", "He, however, Sergeant-Major Sosthène Levadour, could still advance his career and even become a colonel. ", "A man such as he had to have money for himself, in order to live and entertain others. ", "Besides, in Bohemia, he had just met a fine woman, a widowed mill owner who was provocatively unruly and highly sought after by men; she was obedient to love, like a dog, but also violent as a battle. ", "What a woman! ", "He compared her to Angelina, who was now sitting across from him on the bed, child at her side, with lowered eyes and a pale and sorrowful little face bearing freckles even more clearly evident than they had been during the summer. ", "Oh what misery, great Sosthène!", "\n\n\"I will marry you!\" ", "he said finally.", "\n\n\"What for?\" ", "asked Angelina without lifting her eyes, as though speaking to an invisible someone at her feet.", "\n\nSergeant-Major Sosthène did not comprehend at first. ", "He only felt vaguely that his noble intentions were being rejected and his true wishes accepted. ", "He was somewhat insulted — and at the same time relieved.", "\n\n\"I won't marry you!\" ", "Angelina said.", "\n\nHe stared at her. ", "She was incomprehensible, dangerous, yet seemingly offering him escape. ", "Before he had feared the whole vile burden of this pending marriage, but now it struck him as an insult that she would not agree to go through with it. ", "Before he had been thinking of the Bohemian widow with a lustful nostalgia, but Angelina suddenly seemed desirable. ", "He was greatly astonished by this heretofore unknown and unprecedented complication of his emotions. ", "A horrible suspicion awoke in him, and although this suspicion hurt him much, he held on to it with all his might, for it at least helped explain the bizarre feelings that were now stirring in him.", "\n\n\"So you have betrayed me?\" ", "he asked.", "\n\n\"I have betrayed you!\" ", "she lied. \"", "He's not your son!\" ", "The words sounded strange to her ears, as if another woman sitting beside her had spoken them.", "\n\n\"Aha!\" ", "said Sosthène after a long while.", "\n\nThen he pressed both of his sturdy fists on the arms of the chair that was holding him prisoner and freed himself with a powerful jerk. ", "He retrieved his helmet, which lay next to him on the floor like a magical gleaming black-maned animal, and put it back on his head. ", "Now he reached the ceiling. ", "He stood there larger than ever, enlarged not only by pride but also by contempt. ", "Angelina sat, tiny and pitiful yet bold, on the edge of the bed.", "\n\n\"Tell me the truth!\" ", "thundered Sosthène.", "\n\n\"I'm speaking the truth!\" ", "said Angelina.", "\n\nShe looked up at him. ", "She covered a great distance with her eyes in order to do so, and somehow her feet were exhausted from the mountain climbing of her gaze. ", "The thought that he would now (but never again) lift her up and kiss her made her happy.", "\n\nSuddenly he turned around, reached the doorway with one of his prodigious strides, measured its height, found it too low, ducked a little, and without looking back, slammed it violently.", "\n\nAngelina then heard him speak a few rancorous words to the midwife outside. ", "She bent over the now screaming child and babbled words that were unintelligible even to her but that brightened her mood. \"", "You are mine,\" she said, \"he is not, be still, you are mine, you belong to me . . .\"", "\n\nSo spoke she to her child, softly and at length.", "\n\nThat very day, Sergeant-Major Sosthène set off to rejoin his regiment in Bohemia without even having seen his friends in Paris. ", "When he caught up with his regiment it was already on its march back to France. ", "He soon told his comrades that he had a fine son. ", "He was a magnificent little fellow who, although barely three weeks old, looked and behaved like a soldier. ", "Further, Sergeant-Major Sosthène added that thanks to his cleverness, he would not have to marry the child's mother.", "\nVII\n\nAngelina thought of the Emperor constantly. ", "But even he, unique and powerful, had ceased to be a living being whose every breath brought happiness, whose voice and glance brought joy, and whose wet footprints on bathroom tiles had inspired humble adoration. ", "He truly had become the great Emperor of the paintings. ", "He was now himself like a copy of his own portraits, yes, and even more remote than they. ", "He was far from the people of France. ", "From the battlefield he hurried to deliberations and from these back to his battles. ", "His negotiations were as inconceivable as his victories. ", "He had long since ceased being the hero of the common man. ", "They no longer understood him. ", "It was as if the power that emanated from him had enveloped him in a transparent but impregnable sphere of ice. ", "He lived within this sphere in some kind of noble isolation, terrible and solemn. ", "He sent away the Empress and married the daughter of a great foreign emperor in a distant country, as though there were not enough women in his own land. ", "And just as he ordered certain wares from the countries he controlled, so had he once sent for the Pope to come from Rome; in the same way he now sent for the daughter of a foreign emperor. ", "Just as he ordered the cannon to thunder in many parts of the world, so now he ordered the bells of Paris and all of France to toll. ", "Just as he commanded his soldiers to fight his battles, he commanded them to celebrate his festivals. ", "And just as he had once challenged God, so now he commanded prayer to Him. ", "The Emperor's common subjects could feel his violent impatience, and they saw that he could act in ways both grand and small, foolish and wise, good and evil, just as they did. ", "But so much grander were both his virtues and flaws, that they could not understand him.", "\n\nAngelina alone loved him, although she numbered among the lowliest of his subjects. ", "So much did she love him that she sometimes cherished the foolish wish to see the Great One made small and defeated, driven from all lands to a humiliating homecoming in Corsica. ", "Then he would be almost as base as she, without the luster that he continually bestowed anew upon his own portraits.", "\n\nIn accordance with the rules that regulated life for those in the Imperial service, Angelina returned to work three months after her confinement. ", "Spring was already flowing like a great strong river through the rejuvenated city. ", "Full and proud glistened the candles of the chestnut trees along the sides of the streets. ", "Angelina came across many mothers with children; even the poorly clothed mothers, even the pale and sickly children, smiled with illuminated faces. ", "At each of these encounters, Angelina wished to turn back, to have just one more peek at her boy. ", "When she stood before the gate, where barely a year earlier the multicolored mountain with the fluttering helmet plume had waited for her every evening, she stood still for a while as if contemplating a momentous decision. ", "She could still go back and see her son and be a little later in arriving to work. ", "In the palace garden, the thrushes were raising a joyful ruckus, and they were answered by equally overwhelming scents coming from the park — from the air itself — the voices of the acacias, lilacs, and elderberries. ", "White as a Sunday gleamed the vests of the sentries, and the dark green of their coats was reminiscent of lush meadows. ", "The unmoving guard looked at her. ", "She thought she recognized the man and that he also recognized her. ", "Within his glassy official stare gleamed a tiny spark, as if the glass were smiling, and Angelina nodded at him. ", "This fleeting glimmer in the soldier's glassy eyes gave her courage; and she walked with swift steps toward the gate, as if afraid of losing it again.", "\n\nFrom then on she worked only in the washroom. ", "Loyal and industrious as always, she wielded her smoothing-iron with a powerful swing, spritzed water from her filled cheeks and pursed lips upon the silk, linen, and cambric, used the wooden stave with a learned hand and carefully pressed the shirts, collars, and pleated cuffs. ", "When she thought about her son, she was both happy and sad. ", "By Wednesday, no, even by Tuesday, the next Sunday already seemed almost as near as the coming evening. ", "Monday, however, one day after her visit to Pocci's house, was the most melancholy day of the week — and Saturday the brightest. ", "On Saturday evenings, after inspection in the great hall, she packed everything together, both useful and useless. ", "She packed salves and powders, serviettes, milk, cream and bread, strands of red coral beads to ward off the evil eye, buttercup root to prevent convulsions, and an herbal infusion that she was told would prevent pox.", "\n\nShe set out at seven o'clock in the morning. ", "On the way she was overtaken by the fear that she would find her son ailing. ", "She stopped for a while, powerless to put one foot before the other, shattered, as if her frightening vision were already a horrible reality. ", "Then, confidence once more gave wings to her steps. ", "When she finally stood in Barbara's room leaning over her child, she began to weep bitterly. ", "Her hot tears fell rapidly upon the boy's smiling face. ", "She lifted him up, walked with him around the room, and spoke nonsensical phrases to him. ", "Only the measure by which her little son grew bigger and stronger and changed, made her note the unstoppable course of the months and years. ", "It was as if previously she had lived according to the mindset that time did not advance but rolled, so to speak, in a circle.", "\n\nHer hopes were fulfilled, and the little one looked not one bit like Sergeant-Major Sosthène but rather like his mother. ", "He had reddish hair and freckles, was thin, strong, and agile. ", "He was her son, no doubt! ", "Yet almost from the beginning she felt he was slipping away from her and becoming more and more a stranger to her from one Sunday to the next. ", "In fact, sometimes she believed that he allowed her affection only out of childish shyness and that he sold every kiss to her for a present. ", "He was her son, red-haired and saturated with freckles; she had only to glance at him, and it was as if she were looking at herself in the mirror. ", "But sometimes that reflection vanished, evaporated, or suddenly transformed. ", "There were Sundays when she did not find the boy at home. ", "He was off running around with his friends (whom she hated) in places unknown, and she had trouble finding him; when she did locate him, he soon escaped once more from her tenderness and care.", "\n\nWhen he was seven, the boy was gripped by an intense passion for all things military — as was common for many children at the time. ", "He hung around the barracks, befriended the guards, drilled with his comrades, stole and collected battle pictures and portraits of the Emperor, soon made his way to the barrack yards, ate out of the bowls of the good-humored soldiers, learned military songs, bugle-blowing, drumming, and even musket-handling. ", "When one day he spied one of the little drummer boys, of whom there were many in the Imperial Army, he decided to become a drummer himself. ", "He knew that he was a soldier's son and understood all that was spoken between his mother, the midwife Pocci, and Véronique Casimir on those Sunday visits. ", "And he had a very definite and clear idea of what his unknown father was like.", "\n\nSo one day, the boy decided to spend the night in the barracks of the Twenty-Second Infantry Regiment, strengthened in his decision by a sympathetic but somewhat tipsy Sergeant-Major. ", "He received many frightening caresses but thought they must be a part of the military life. ", "He was only found two weeks later thanks to the inquiries of the influential Véronique Casimir. ", "By now the boy was officially a soldier in the Emperor's army, and on Sundays Angelina went to the barracks of the Twenty-Second Infantry Regiment to visit him.", "\n\nThe first time, she came back bewildered, frightened, and affronted. ", "Her son reminded her now (even though he still resembled her) of Sergeant-Major Sosthène. ", "She could barely see his freckled face — the huge shako with its steep slope practically hid it; his excessively wide uniform jacket flapped about the boy's narrow hips; his pants were too long; and his boots horrendously large. ", "She saw that her son was lost forever. ", "At home, she looked at herself in the mirror, for the first time in many years searching for signs of time's passage and for beauty and youth, as she had done in the old days. ", "She found the eternal and solitary comfort that Nature has granted to women; she began to wait for new miracles.", "\n\nThe miracle revealed itself on the next Sunday afternoon, as she was leaving the barracks of the Twenty-Second. ", "Before her stood a man in the uniform of a Commissariat official, and this uniform seemed to block her way. ", "When she raised her head, she saw a blond-haired, smiling, mustachioed face, which was familiar yet unpleasant. ", "At a complete loss, she smiled at him. ", "The man stood motionless. \"", "Mademoiselle Angelina,\" he said and saluted. ", "She recognized him at once from his voice. ", "It was the gallant Corporal of the artillery who had attended Sergeant-Major Sosthène's farewell celebration. \"", "Where did you come from?\"", "\n\n\"I have been visiting my son,\" Angelina said.", "\n\n\"And your husband? ", "My dear comrade? ", "What is he up to?\"", "\n\n\"I'm not married. ", "He's not my husband. ", "I have only my son,\" she replied.", "\n\n\"I too,\" began the former Corporal, as if recognizing that his fate was similar to hers, \"I too have seen changes . . .\" ", "and he gestured at his uniform. \"", "I am now with the Commissariat. ", "I've had enough of his campaigns\" — and at the word \"his\" he pointed with his thumb over his shoulder, as if the Emperor were standing behind him. \"", "I have a serious injury to my leg, nothing but misfortune! ", "Nothing but misfortune! ", "I got out at the right time. ", "I can await the outcome in peace. ", "Oh, I remember, Mademoiselle, your great anger that time at the party! ", "You must now admit that you were not completely right. ", "You certainly know what's happening.\"", "\n\n\"I don't know what's happening,\" whispered Angelina. \"", "I only know that the rest of this regiment is waiting at the ready there.\" ", "She pointed at the barracks. \"", "And I'm anxious for my son,\" she added.", "\n\n\"Rightfully so,\" said the Commissariat official. \"", "We're beaten! ", "The enemy will be in Paris in two days. ", "The Emperor comes tomorrow. ", "I'm not worrying about that. ", "I've served him loyally for years. ", "Now I'm waiting to see what the great ones will decide. ", "I'm a philosopher, Mademoiselle.\"", "\n\nAlthough Angelina found the former corporal's voice, smile, and words disagreeable, she nodded when he was done speaking but she had no idea why. ", "This encounter distressed and cheered her at the same time. ", "Although she was looking down she could feel the man's kind and caressing gaze. ", "That, as he had said, he was a philosopher and had been injured, that the Emperor was coming the next day, France was beaten, the enemy would be in Paris in two days, and the \"great ones\" were going to decide something — all this unnerved her as greatly as his kind and penetrating eyes.", "\n\nHe suggested that they \"go somewhere.\" ", "She was not surprised at his suggestion. ", "She had in fact expected it and maybe even hoped for it. ", "At this point she was in no mood to return to the palace and her roommates. ", "Nor did she ask where he was taking her. ", "Instead, she began to walk at his side. ", "After a few steps he took her arm. ", "A slight ripple, somewhat spine-chilling yet also somewhat soothing, came from his taut muscles. ", "It was a compelling masculine tremor; she felt it in her arm and then through her entire body. ", "It offended her yet also comforted her. ", "It seemed to her that she existed in two separate parts. ", "There were really two Angelinas: one proud and filled with disdain for the man at her side and the other helpless and grateful to him for the nameless kind of escape he offered. ", "She was silent while he talked of politics, of the world, of the difficulties and errors of the Emperor. ", "He led her through the city for what seemed like a very long time. ", "Someone else was thinking for her, someone else had selected a destination for her. ", "It was humiliating yet pleasant. ", "She felt so alone, so betrayed. ", "The man was a stranger, but he promised some kind of refuge, an escape at any rate. ", "She could not go home, even though she was tired. ", "It was a pleasurable exhaustion. ", "The autumn day was cool. ", "Menacing violet clouds drifted low over the rooftops and at the street corners the wind was blowing from all directions at once. ", "Sometimes her foot landed on a crisp yellow leaf that had fluttered out of some garden. ", "It crunched under her step with a dry and dead sound that seemed more like trampled bones than trampled leaves. ", "Darkness fell very quickly; the Commissariat official had long since ceased speaking.", "\n\nThey entered a colorful, light-filled inn at Vanves, packed with non-commissioned officers, maid-servants, and accordions. ", "It had been a long time since Angelina drank so much and so hastily. ", "She sat on the soft red upholstered seat next to the man. ", "The seat itself was soft, but the same-colored back was deceptively hard, a wooden board that only looked comfortable. ", "To protect Angelina's back from this inhospitable board, the Commissariat official stretched his right arm out and laid it around her neck. ", "With his left hand he poured more wine into their glasses. ", "He bent his friendly pink-faced, blond-haired head toward hers. ", "She felt it coming nearer through a thin blue-gray fog. ", "She was shy but she did not recoil. ", "She kissed his soft, sweet mustache. ", "It seemed to last an eternity. ", "She opened her eyes. ", "It struck her that she did not even know the man's name. ", "If only she knew his name, everything would be orderly and natural, justifiable before God and the world. ", "So she asked: \"What is your name?\"", "\n\n\"Charles,\" he replied.", "\n\n\"Good,\" said Angelina. ", "And now she felt that everything was in order and in good standing.", "\n\nShe spent the night with Commissariat official Charles Rouiffic. ", "At this point she discovered, to her slight horror, that he seemed to have the ability to change himself from hour to hour — and at even shorter intervals. ", "To start, when he removed his coat, he was a second Charles, a Charles in a vest and shirt; when he removed his vest, he was a third man, more strange than the second; and when he leaned over her and started to caress her, he was a third man who had become terrifyingly strange. ", "After several hours he woke her, fresh, cheery, mustache brushed and pomaded, and his face looking like a little round and pink sunlit morning cloud. ", "He was already fully dressed, and his sword hung faithfully at his hip as though it had never left his side. ", "Now he was a fourth man, even more strange than the others.", "\n\nDuring the day she forgot about him, and if he now and then did enter her thoughts she was soon able to chase his image out of her mind. ", "She was ashamed — he was a stranger, and yet she needed him. ", "That she needed a stranger only deepened her shame. ", "But the hour was rapidly nearing when she had promised to meet him again. ", "As she grew closer to him, he became ever clearer and more familiar, and finally he was a real person.", "\n\nAll this happened to Angelina in the last days before the great confusion in the land. ", "So perhaps the state of bewilderment in which she found herself was down to the all-encompassing terror that was passing over the land like an evil, low-hanging storm cloud. ", "Before the actual thunder of the enemy cannon was audible in Paris, it seemed to all that they could already hear the first echoes of enemy gunfire. ", "Before it was known that the Emperor was truly defeated and was fleeing to the capital with the remnants of his army, everyone had a foreboding that he had lost and was retreating. ", "This premonition was more terrible than the actual certainty a few days later. ", "Evil forebodings bewilder the simple hearts of men, but evil certainty only worries and weakens them.", "\n\nAngelina was no exception. ", "She was bewildered amid the general bewilderment and terrified amid the general terror.", "\n\nOne day Charles, the Commissariat official, disappeared. ", "For some days his presence at a specific place and at a definite time had been a humiliating but certain refuge. ", "Now Angelina waited in vain. ", "She sat in the little tavern, accordion music playing loudly, under the gaze of the staff who knew her and seemed themselves to be waiting on the appearance of Commissariat official Charles Rouiffic. ", "All around her they were already gossiping about the misfortune of the Emperor, the misfortune of France. ", "Angelina finally left.", "\nVIII\n\nMany people in France at that time in 1814 were living in a state of chaos and distress. ", "The enemy arrived. ", "He came as enemies invariably do, with the full hellish retinue of the victor — vindictiveness, despotism, and a lust for spreading pointless misery. ", "Numerous and very diverse were the enemies of France, but they all spread the same terror and they all promulgated sorrow and disaster through the same methods. ", "Greater still than the confusion in the country and in the city of Paris was the confusion at the Imperial court. ", "It was even stronger among the lower-level servants than among the high officials who were in the Emperor's service. ", "For the simple and lowly are always the first to feel disaster's approach and also the first to suffer. ", "The simple and the lowly are innocent of the faults and errors, the sins and fates of the great ones. ", "Yet they suffer more than the famous ones. ", "Storms destroy poor weak huts but they sweep past the strong stone houses.", "\n\nTwo days before the Emperor left the city and the country, the lesser ones began to leave him. ", "All their simple hearts were concerned with was fear for their lives, fear of an unknown and thus terrifying danger. ", "They fled aimlessly in all different directions. ", "The servant men and women took refuge with friends who were also serving the Emperor, but in other palaces, as though those who had not shared a roof with the great Emperor were less exposed to danger and as though their daily proximity to him would implicate them in some type of crime for which they might have to suffer. ", "Meanwhile, the servants in these other palaces also left, equally lost, aimless, and foolish. ", "Véronique Casimir left as well. ", "She who was once so magnificent could be seen packing a significant amount of luggage and driving away in a spacious coach in which even her figure, formerly so heavy with dignity, appeared at that moment to have shrunk.", "\n\nAngelina took a sorrowful leave of her. ", "She remained alone in the enemy palace. ", "New servants appeared, dressed in unfamiliar royal uniforms. ", "Day after day she waited for some sign from her son. ", "There was no more work, no smoothing-iron to brandish, no cambric, no silk. ", "There were only new and enemy faces. ", "Perhaps her son was dead too. ", "She recalled the hour of his birth — so long ago — the snowflakes were falling gently and pleasantly outside her window. ", "She remembered his first smile, his first babbling, and that happy Sunday when she saw him take his first steps on his own . . . ", "and then that dreadful Sunday, much later, when she first noticed that he had become a stranger to her and was his father's son. ", "The child she had borne and fed at her breast was long since lost. ", "The little drummer was even more alien to her than Sergeant-Major Sosthène.", "\n\nThree days after the good-natured but cold-hearted King returned, a new head of staff appeared among the court servants, Véronique Casimir's successor. ", "Scrawny and hard, ugly and haggard, she was reminiscent of an icicle. ", "But as she wore white lilies in her hair, upon her chest and at her waist, she was also reminiscent of a cemetery.", "\n\nThis new head of staff told Angelina that she must leave the King's palace.", "\n\nSo Angelina sought the only woman she really knew, the midwife Pocci. ", "Her poor little woven straw box, which she had carried so cheerfully with her into Paris, grew more massive and heavy. ", "Soon she was hardly able to drag herself along, so she put her burden down at pavement's edge and sat on it. ", "She believed that all her distress and utter desolation was due solely to the exhaustion of her feet. ", "As she sat there, however, she felt after a moment an uneasiness even greater than her fatigue. ", "Strange dangers seemed to be closing in and were already lurking at the next corner. ", "When she looked up she saw menacing clouds blowing by close over the rooftops. ", "From a nearby street came the confused shouts of the rejoicing people who were cheering for the King and cursing the defeated Emperor. ", "The crowd neared and she could clearly hear it cry: \"Long live the King!\" ", "Tears came to her eyes. ", "She was afraid to be seen weeping; it could put her in grave danger. ", "The noise faded. ", "Angelina now continued along with slow, measured, and deliberate steps. ", "She was alone, afraid, and beaten — just like the Emperor, she thought. ", "This thought lightened her deep despair. ", "She believed herself to be walking so hopelessly through the streets for him, for the Emperor. ", "He was also invisibly treading the most agonizing of paths. ", "Who knew, maybe it was not true that he had been exiled; he could still be living in his capital, disguised as a common soldier for example, and she could encounter him and converse with him on various subjects.", "\n\nDusk was falling as she stood before the house and looked up at the familiar window. ", "It was dark, so perhaps the midwife Pocci had also left. ", "Angelina waited a while, afraid that she was right, but with a trembling hope that someone would emerge from the house and let her in. ", "At the same time, however, she feared that person would be the Polish shoemaker who worked during the day in the dark passage outside his door. ", "She had known him for two years already but was still afraid of him. ", "She had feared him from the first moment she saw him. ", "With his wooden leg, which made an eerie noise on the tiles of the hallway and on the cobbles in front of the house; with his ashen-colored and exotic Polish Legion lancer's mustache; with his hard, foreign accent, which ground the words instead of enunciating them; with the ill-tempered demeanor of a barbarous soldier; and with his leather-blackened hands; with all of this, he inspired Angelina with a vague but serious fear. ", "She kept forgetting his foreign name and had reservations about pronouncing it. ", "This made the cobbler seem even more sinister.", "\n\nBut she was wrong. ", "His name was no more difficult to pronounce — for the cobbler was named Jan Wokurka, and his name was painted in clear red letters on a black board upon the front door — than his character was grim, not to mention menacing or sinister. ", "Everything about him was quiet and gentle, except his clattering wooden leg. ", "He was a volunteer Legionnaire, had participated in the Emperor's losing campaign, and after being injured had journeyed to Paris, where he felt he could count upon his pension and where, in addition, he would be able to work at his profession with a better prospect of earning a living than in his native village. ", "He succeeded in obtaining both pension and profit. ", "Still, he longed for his homeland. ", "He was quite lonely. ", "For although he enjoyed talking at length and in detail to all his neighbors, most of them could not understand him. ", "He understood everything that was said to him, so he thought that the people understood him also. ", "But as soon as the neighbors left his company, he was always struck with the bitter certainty that they found him incomprehensible. ", "Thus it was that after each conversation all was silent and his loneliness and homesickness grew, while his left hip hurt more than before and even his leg, which was probably buried somewhere on the Oder, ached.", "\n\nHe was therefore determined to save money and return to Poland. ", "He was just waiting for a \"round sum,\" as he put it. ", "But as soon as he secured that amount, he felt sorry and delayed his departure. ", "In addition, despite his disability, he wished to find a wife to love him — and since he had been shy even as an unscathed man, he was now completely disheartened. ", "His longing for a woman grew even stronger. ", "He brushed his bold mustache, attempted to cultivate a military gleam within his light, good-humored eyes, and fell in love quickly and sincerely.", "\n\nHe liked Angelina because of her shy face and demeanor. ", "But he only inspired fear in her. ", "Even when she was standing lost and lonely, looking up at the window, she feared the cobbler more than the night that was relentlessly falling. ", "There was still no light in the midwife Pocci's room. ", "She went over anyway and entered the house. ", "The cobbler was hammering away happily as usual. ", "He soon spotted her. ", "When he noticed her crate, he got up, his wooden leg taking astonishingly long strides, and with amazing speed he was at her side and had taken hold of the box. ", "The full light of his three-candled lantern flashed through the large dangling cobbler's globe, casting illumination into the shadowy passageway and onto his own face. ", "He hobbled down the three steps leading to his room, laid the box down, and was back in the hall with admirable speed. ", "Angelina had tried to get a hold of the box but he was too quick. ", "Wokurka took her hand and spoke rapidly and therefore with even less clarity than usual: \"They're all gone! ", "Madame Pocci this morning. ", "Madame Casimir was here until yesterday evening. ", "All quite afraid. ", "Not me. ", "Come, Mademoiselle!\" ", "He let go of her hand but grabbed hold of her arm and pulled her toward the steps. ", "Angelina went down. ", "She needed to be with her box.", "\n\nShe sank immediately into the only armchair, next to the table. ", "The cobbler Wokurka steered her left, right, and forward, as if he thought he could thus make her seat more comfortable. ", "When he felt he had achieved that goal, he went to the hearth, blew on the glimmering coals, and began to heat some red wine with water. ", "Now and again he glanced over at Angelina. ", "When it looked as if her eyes were shut, joy swiftly filled him and he blew happily upon the glowing coals.", "\n\nBut Angelina's eyes were not actually closed. ", "She was watching the cobbler's actions and taking note of all the objects in the little room. ", "The large glass ball was swaying very gently in front of the strange lantern, whose copper decorations made it look like a glass bird cage. ", "It was like a cage in which three flickering candle flames were imprisoned. ", "A dark-green curtain that must have hidden Wokurka's bed awakened in Angelina a remote memory of that dream-like night ten years earlier — although it seemed more like a hundred years ago — and the heavy creases of the mighty Imperial portière. ", "Yes, and at the moment when the cobbler placed a cup of hot fragrant red wine in front of her, she thought of the crystal decanter from long ago. ", "The cup bore an image of the Emperor framed with a green laurel wreath, the well-known, familiar, and proud picture that reminded her of the large portrait on the wall of that mysterious room. ", "Everything now seemed to her just as unreal as it had been then. ", "All that she saw here, the miserable imprisoned candles, the wretched curtain, the cheap wine, the gaudy mini-portrait of the Emperor: everything seemed to be somehow connected with the expensive and exalted objects that she had found in the Imperial chamber. ", "Perhaps they were the same objects, dilapidated and deteriorated over the course of the many, many years and through the misfortune that had befallen their lord and master.", "\n\nThe cobbler Wokurka stood opposite her. ", "He was supporting himself with one hand on the edge of the table and looking at her silently. ", "His head, with its full combed-back gray-blond hair, almost touched the dangling globe and was given a surreal glow by its odd light. \"", "Drink!\" ", "said Wokurka finally. ", "The gentle urging of his voice, along with the warm and seductive scent that wafted from the cup, led her to lean forward and take a gulp. ", "It warmed her heart and she was able to look up into the cobbler's large gray eyes. ", "They were completely different eyes from the ones she thought she had known for so long. ", "There was no hungry lust in them after all, only a smiling light. ", "And his prodigious mustache was no longer terrifying, but hung over the man's unseen mouth like a hairy, protective apron.", "\n\n\"Drink up,\" said the hidden mouth. \"", "It'll do you good.\" ", "She drank with delighted zeal and leaned back again.", "\n\nThe cobbler Wokurka turned around and pulled back the green curtain. ", "His bed was in fact there. ", "He sat down so that his wooden leg stuck out and almost touched the edge of the table, but even the wooden leg no longer frightened Angelina.", "\n\n\"Yes,\" began Wokurka, \"they've all fled from the King as from a plague. ", "I don't understand what they're so scared of, but I'm well aware of what terror can do. ", "It can even confuse the minds of the normally sensible. ", "Madame Pocci, for example, was a sensible woman. ", "God only knows where she's gone. ", "Mademoiselle Casimir, your aunt, whom I know well, even read the cards for some of the biggest names. ", "She knew the future, but apparently not the present. ", "And so you've been left alone, dear Mademoiselle.\"", "\n\nHe waited a while. ", "As Angelina did not offer a response, he continued: \"I fear that you don't understand me so well. ", "I know I don't speak completely clearly.\"", "\n\nThis time, however, Angelina understood him perfectly. ", "She said: \"Oh yes, I do understand you completely.\"", "\n\n\"Since you're all alone now, dear Mademoiselle,\" he continued, \"please do stay here for the time being. ", "I won't be in your way. ", "Don't worry about what tomorrow brings, Mademoiselle. ", "The world changes quickly these days. ", "A half year ago, who would have predicted this? ", "The Emperor was mighty and I was his soldier. ", "I too loved him. ", "But, as you see, we small ones pay dearly for our love of the great ones.\" ", "As he spoke, a quite opportune comparison came to him, and he said: \"I've lost my leg, for example, and you've lost your job. ", "And they were futile sacrifices. ", "We lowly ones should not allow our lives to be dictated by the great ones. ", "When they win we suffer and when they lose we suffer still more. ", "Right, Mademoiselle?\"", "\n\n\"Yes,\" she said, \"you're right.\"", "\n\nHe grabbed the wine bottle, which was on a little shelf above the head of his bed, took a generous swig, replaced the bottle, and waited a few moments. ", "He seemed to be waiting for the courage that the gulp would arouse within his chest. ", "As soon as he felt it, he spoke almost playfully, his bushy mustache wiggling peculiarly and divulging that his unseen mouth was bearing a smile.", "\n\n\"I've known you for a long time, Mademoiselle Angelina, and I know of your life.\" ", "He paused briefly, breathed deeply, and continued softly: \"I also know the father of your child, Monsieur Levadour. ", "And I told your aunt that you were right not to marry him.\"", "\n\n\"Do you know if my son is still alive? ", "Where he is?\" ", "asked Angelina.", "\n\n\"I don't know,\" said Wokurka. \"", "But I will head out early in the morning to look for him. ", "I have good friends in practically all the barracks of Paris.\" ", "He was lying, but was glad she trusted him.", "\n\n\"I thank you,\" Angelina said. ", "In fact she felt immeasurable gratitude mounting within her heart, as if she had returned home after wandering about for so long, home to her father's house. ", "Her eyes closed and she fell asleep where she was. ", "Wokurka lifted her out of the chair, laid her down on the bed, drew the curtain closed and, content for the first time since he had lost his leg and homesickness had begun to torture him, sat down in the narrow armchair next to the curtain. ", "The candles in his lantern died out, one after another, with a peaceful flickering. ", "From far-away streets he heard the shouts of the tireless loyalists, who were cheering the King and cursing the Emperor. ", "The cobbler Wokurka, however, found himself on a happy island, disconnected from the changing fortunes of the world. ", "What did the Emperor matter to him? ", "What difference did it make to him that the King had returned? ", "Why should he concern himself with the people causing a tumult outside? ", "He was dreaming that he would soon be returning home, with the woman who was sleeping on the other side of the curtain. ", "It mattered no more about round sums. ", "Any sum was quite enough. ", "He could hear Angelina's soft breathing from behind the curtain. ", "She had come to him of her own volition! ", "With that, he fell asleep where he sat, joyfully determined to find Angelina's son early the next morning.", "\nIX\n\nIt took Wokurka two weeks to find the boy. ", "During this time, he hobbled around the city for a few hours each day and visited every barracks he could reach. ", "When he at last found the boy he limped home quickly, his wooden leg practically flying along. \"", "We can see him tomorrow!\" ", "he said, looking down, for he was embarrassed to see Angelina's happiness.", "\n\nA long time passed before she spoke. ", "It was already growing dark by the time she began to talk, as though she had been ashamed to do so in full daylight.", "\n\n\"Where and when will we see him?\"", "\n\n\"At seven o'clock,\" he said, \"in the evening, after report. ", "The sergeant on duty happens to be my friend.\"", "\n\nThe next evening, Angelina saw her son again. ", "His regiment was living in different barracks now, having returned home from the drubbing decimated, defeated, and humiliated. ", "Two non-commissioned officers from the old days were still there. ", "They recognized Angelina and she felt she was meeting familiar and beloved ghosts. ", "They no longer bore the Emperor's eagle, but the King's lilies. ", "They were no more the Emperor's soldiers, but the King's subjects. ", "Little Pascal too seemed to be filled with gloom and shame. ", "At first he stretched his arms out, but then he let them fall again. ", "And when Angelina began to cry, he seized her hand and kissed it. ", "With his shako on, he was already as tall as she was. ", "But then, in a sudden fit of tenderness and nostalgia, he removed the shako and was only as high as her shoulders. ", "She saw his thick red hair, revealed as if to demonstrate to his mother that he was her son and no other's. ", "Her tears began to fall even more intensely. ", "She thought of her childhood, of foolishly and senselessly giving away her body, of the odious Sosthène, of the random meeting with the corporal, of the shameful fright of the night in the surreal chamber, of the thick waves of the portière, of her father's premature death, of her childless and shameless stripping before mirrors — and everything, everything appeared infinitely sorrowful, and worse yet, hopeless and empty. ", "All at once she understood that all the pointless and foolish things that had happened to her had transpired, so to speak, in the Emperor's gracious shadow. ", "His shadow had gilded her entire aimless fate; now it had gone, his merciful shadow! ", "Only now did she recognize her foolishness as such, and her misfortune became ordinary. ", "She was no longer weeping with emotion at having found her son again, but over an entire dead world, one that she had believed was lost forever. ", "Since the Emperor's departure, there was nothing left. ", "She knew at once that her love for him was greater and mightier than mere ordinary love. ", "She was not weeping over her son, but over the King's lilies, the white Bourbon banners that hung at the barracks entrance and over the fall of the Emperor. ", "Yet she could hear and understand what the boy was explaining: his father, Sergeant-Major Sosthène Levadour of the Thirteenth Dragoons, had come to look for his son. ", "He had also asked about Angelina and had said he would come back soon. ", "All this was of no interest to her. ", "She said only: \"Yes, he is your father! ", "But I don't love him! ", "I will visit you again. ", "I love you, my child!\" ", "She kissed his red hair, his freckled cheeks, and his small blue eyes.", "\n\nIn the street she took the cobbler Wokurka's arm. ", "She was still crying. ", "She matched her stride with his limping steps. ", "At times she felt like she should be ashamed at having two whole legs while he had only the one. ", "But she also felt weaker on her healthy legs than this man at her side was on his solitary one and she clutched his arm for support. ", "They walked in this way, arm in arm through the streets, for a very long time. ", "Neither one spoke the whole way. ", "Only upon reaching the door did she realize that he wanted to say something. ", "He was holding her arm firmly. ", "She looked at him out of the corner of her eye. ", "The poor light of a forlorn lantern, the only one in the lane, fell on Wokurka's hollow, worried face. ", "She felt she was seeing him for the first time. ", "The gloomy, oily, and unsteady light of the lantern seemed to clarify his features and all the sorrow residing in his face. ", "In a single moment it became clear to her that he was no longer a threatening stranger but rather a quiet, familiar companion; that he must love her as she had never loved anyone; and that even with his infirmity, he stayed awake long into the night for her sake in the narrow armchair. ", "She lowered her head.", "\n\n\"I have something to say to you,\" began Wokurka softly. ", "He waited. ", "She said nothing. \"", "Will you hear me out?\" ", "he asked, looking at her. ", "She nodded. \"", "Well,\" he began again, \"well, I thought I could ask you — ask you — whether you wish to stay with me?\"", "\n\n\"Yes!\" ", "she said so clearly that she surprised herself.", "\n\n\"Perhaps you didn't understand me,\" he continued, \"I asked whether you wish to stay with me. ", "With me?\"", "\n\n\"Yes!\" ", "she repeated with the same clear voice.", "\n\nThey went inside the house. ", "She lit the candles in the lantern herself, for the first time since she had been living with Wokurka. ", "She busied herself with some pots at the hearth. ", "She felt the man's steady gaze upon her and avoided looking his way. ", "She thought with fear of the coming night and the love it would bring. ", "She was gripped with sudden horror over the man's wooden leg as if the thought had just occurred to her that it was not a natural part of his body.", "\n\nThey ate in embarrassed silence, as on all previous evenings, the milk soup with potatoes that Wokurka loved and that eased his homesickness. ", "Then they drank and she noticed that Wokurka poured the wine not from an ordinary bottle, as on previous evenings, but from a crystal carafe. ", "On its front under the curved beak, in the center of its grandiose bulge, this carafe too had a small smooth oval and in this oval was the Emperor Napoleon in his traditional costume, a glass Emperor colored and infused with red wine, a crystalline Napoleon of glass and blood. ", "As the carafe was emptied, the Emperor grew pallid and more remote, truly glass. ", "Angelina felt she was watching his body die bit by bit, his head first, then his shoulders, his torso, legs, and finally his feet. ", "She was transfixed by the oval. ", "She shivered. ", "She wanted to see the carafe filled again.", "\n\n\"Do you have any more wine?\" ", "she asked. \"", "It's a pretty carafe.\"", "\n\n\"Yes, an excellent piece,\" said Wokurka. \"", "Our Count Chojnicki presented it to me. ", "He equipped us, we Legionnaires, I mean. ", "We were in his castle and he himself drilled with us. ", "The Emperor knew him well. ", "He was killed the day I lost my leg. ", "But yes, I have still got some wine left. ", "I use this carafe only on very special occasions. ", "And this is a special occasion for me, Angelina, isn't it?\"", "\n\nHe was cheerful and agile, rose quickly, refilled the carafe, and poured. ", "His cheeks were pink, his eyes bright, and his mustache seemed to be turning noticeably blonder, as though bushy new hairs were suddenly growing and overtaking the countless prematurely gray ones. ", "He grew talkative and told stories of battles and comrades, mocking his lost leg and saying it had not been as good as the other one anyhow; but at that moment, a severe pain shot through his hip and the half of his leg that still remained. ", "He fell silent. ", "He did not clearly recall everything he had recounted and did not know whether or not Angelina had answered him or even if she had been listening at all, but only felt whenever he glanced at her a tremendous desire for her, a desire that the pain in no way numbed but actually seemed to heighten. ", "He sat, as usual, on the edge of the bed, opposite Angelina. ", "Then he rose suddenly, supporting himself with the edge of the table, and set himself in motion. ", "Angelina rose also. ", "She waited, trembling; she knew what must inevitably happen. ", "It was unavoidable and she wanted only for it to be done with very quickly. ", "She walked to him. ", "His breath smelled of wine and lust, his shining eyes were gentle, his mustache bristled, and he awakened in her great fear, slight repugnance, but also intense compassion. ", "Soon she was lying, eyes closed, and she heard him remove his wooden leg, the soft sound of leather being unbuckled and the faint clinking of metal clasps. ", "\nX\n\nShe grew accustomed to the nights and the days and the man. ", "By winter's arrival, she felt at home with him, almost happy. ", "The shorter the days, the more severe was Wokurka's homesickness. ", "He began to repeat with greater frequency his desire to marry and return to Poland, forget everything, and begin a new life. ", "At home in Poland, in his Gora Lysa, there would be good thick snow by now and a healthy crisp frost. ", "There would be large round loaves of bread with brown-black crusts and people would soon be preparing for Christmas. ", "In this world here it rained even in December and the damp wind blew spitefully. ", "The wind was in league with the restored King and with the enemies of France and Poland; far away was the great Emperor, who alone would have been able to quench Wokurka's homesickness. ", "But the Emperor himself was most likely even more homesick now than the cobbler Wokurka. ", "The newspapers abused the Emperor on a daily basis, wrote of the great congress in Vienna and lavished praise upon the traitor Talleyrand and the good King who had returned to France and refused to pay Wokurka's pension. ", "All the mighty ones who had once been Napoleon's friends betrayed and disowned the Emperor. ", "What remained for the cobbler Wokurka from Gora Lysa to do in this land? ", "Here and there a couple of Poles would visit him, former Legionnaires like himself, career soldiers with no other occupation, who were without pension, bread, or a roof. ", "Although their limbs were intact they were worse off than the cobbler. ", "They roamed through the city as beggars. ", "A few of them dreamed of obtaining money enough to join the captive Emperor; and each of them was convinced that he alone was what the Emperor lacked, that he alone could instruct the Emperor on how to reconquer France, defeat the world anew and resurrect Poland. ", "The simple Jan Wokurka, however, knew that it was all but foolish talk; he had a simple profession, his work made him pensive, patient, and sensible, and his injury kept him from indulging in frivolous dreams. ", "He prepared for his departure. ", "He told Angelina that she must go with him. ", "She would leave her son behind. ", "But was he still her son? ", "Was he not more of a stranger to her with each visit? ", "Oh, of course he was! ", "The boy was a soldier, he had already withstood the fire of battle. ", "He had only one mother, and that was the army. ", "The King of France lived in peace with all the world and there was space enough in the army for a little Pascal Pietri and also chance enough for a peaceful future for the youth.", "\n\nThus spoke Wokurka to Angelina. ", "She was thirty years old and she felt she had aged very quickly; each year of her life was filled with so much confusion and agony. ", "She was weary and numb. ", "So when Wokurka spoke of his homeland, she too began to believe that his peculiar country was a safe haven for peace. ", "Poland was far from all evils and troubles. ", "It was as soft as the snow that covered it and was enveloped in a gentle sadness, swaddled in endless white mourning for the lost Emperor. ", "She saw the land as a gentle, white-veiled widow grieving for the Emperor. ", "Gradually there awakened in her also a tender and mild longing for this place. ", "Gradually her motherly affection for her boy faded. ", "Gradually she slipped completely into the cobbler Wokurka's world. ", "Wokurka celebrated Christmas his way, in accordance with Polish custom. ", "He obtained an enormous Christmas tree, which filled the entire narrow room. ", "He put all his tools away, as well as the stool on which he normally sat in the hall, and even the globe that reminded him of his busy workdays. ", "He gave Angelina a silk shawl, Bohemian glass earrings, and slippers that he had fashioned himself, slippers of white leather. ", "These gifts lightened Angelina's heart. ", "Wokurka embraced her solemnly, heartily, and thankfully. ", "His face smelled of soap, pipe tobacco, and brandy. ", "He swayed a little but, remarkably, he seemed to find support in his wooden leg. ", "He had a radiant red face and festive eyes. ", "They sat at the table, severely restrained by the branches and candles of the Christmas tree.", "\n\n\"Did you find your son?\" ", "asked Wokurka.", "\n\n\"No,\" said Angelina, \"he was already gone.\"", "\n\n\"Pity, pity,\" he said. \"", "It would have been nice to have him here.\" ", "But he said it only to please Angelina. ", "His mind was on his homeland and the journey they would soon take.", "\n\nHe began to serve food that he had prepared himself. ", "They were the dishes of his native country and his youth. ", "They had the scent of his native village, the genuine fragrance of Gora Lysa. ", "There was a soup of beets and cream, bacon with peas, and white cheese. ", "He had also bought brandy. ", "Nobody drank wine in Gora Lysa. ", "He sang with a hoarse and unsteady voice his native Christmas carols. ", "Tears formed in his festive eyes. ", "He had to break off and start again.", "\n\n\"This is the last Christmas I will celebrate in Paris,\" he said when he was done singing. \"", "By this time next year, we'll be at home!\" ", "And he slapped the leather brace of his wooden leg.", "\n\nAs she heard him speak those words Angelina felt a sharp pain, even though she had been prepared for the journey for quite some time already. ", "Never had she dared to set her mind upon a specific week, and a specific day, and a specific hour for their journey. ", "It was all well and good to go with Wokurka to his native country so long as it occurred at some as-yet-undetermined time, one that would be decided by chance. ", "When she heard now that not chance but Wokurka himself would determine the exact time, she was filled with a fear of all that awaited her in that strange, faraway land and a sadness over all that she would be leaving behind. ", "She began to sob so passionately she had to put down the glass that she had been poised to bring to her lips in acknowledgement of his toast to a \"happy journey without return.\"", "\n\n\"Without return!\" ", "This expression awoke in her a rapid string of terrifying thoughts; she would never see her son again, nor the city and street in which she had given birth to him, nor the palace in which she had been young and foolish, happy and miserable, calm and hopelessly flummoxed. ", "She had no grasp of the true distance between France and Wokurka's homeland; thus it seemed that his homeland was a faraway and hardly reachable wilderness. ", "She crossed her arms on the table, sunk her head into them, and wept bitterly and violently. ", "The smoke from the dying candles on the tree branches, the brandy she had ingested, the memory of her pointless trip to her son in the barracks, a sudden apprehensive affection for the child, her remorse over having promised herself to this man without thinking it through, but also the fact that she was now saddening him with her grief and disappointing him with her fears — all this descended upon her at once, burying her under a mountain of confusion.", "\n\nWokurka stroked her brittle reddish hair. ", "He could guess everything she was feeling and knew her despair would deafen her to all his reassurances and promises. ", "There was nothing more he could do except continue the silent conversation between his caressing hand and her red hair. ", "After some time she raised her pale moist face to him.", "\n\n\"I understand, Angelina,\" he said. \"", "It'll pass, believe me, it'll pass; everything passes.\" ", "She began to smile an obedient smile that made her face even sadder. ", "It was a grateful and at the same time reproachful and resigned smile, the pained and exalted glow that lights the faces of the weak who are giving themselves up. ", "\nXI\n\nShe had already given up. ", "She had begun to make her preparations with the conscientious determination that is equally particular to the strong as it is to those who have finally resigned themselves. ", "It had been decided they would marry in January and set out a month later. ", "It was thus still several weeks until their departure. ", "To Angelina, however, it seemed that Wokurka's colossal plan decimated the laws of time. ", "As she feared that her determination might falter, she believed there were no days left to waste.", "\n\nShe mulled over what she could leave her son, for she was certain she would never see him again. ", "The cross she had brought with her from her homeland, the handkerchief she had stolen out of foolish love for the Emperor — she could give both to her little Pascal. ", "She imagined what she would say to him: they were trivial, but for her, his mother, they were objects of importance, and she was giving them to him so he would always think of her. ", "Of her, but also of the Emperor.", "\n\nSo she removed the handkerchief from her box, took down the cross she had hung over Wokurka's bed, and went to the barracks.", "\n\nWokurka escorted her. ", "He had fashioned a pair of boots for Angelina's son, good solid boots that were fitting for a drummer.", "\n\nThey found the boy and went with him to the canteen. ", "He let his mother embrace him, shook hands with Wokurka, accepted his presents, expressing delight at the handkerchief and boots, but regarding the cross, he said: \"I don't need that. ", "Nobody needs that in our regiment!\" ", "He gave it back to his mother and said: \"You need it, I think!\" ", "And he had at that moment the rumbling voice of his father, Sergeant-Major Sosthène.", "\n\nThe canteen was filled with boisterous soldiers. ", "Behind the buffet, on the wall over the étagère with its multicolored bottles, hung a transparent veil covering the Imperial eagle and above that an oversized and quite obvious portrait of the returned King. ", "His good-natured yet indifferent face, his fat droopy cheeks, and his half-shut eyelids seemed even more distant and indistinct than the veiled eagle of gleaming brass. ", "It was as if the King's portrait were veiling itself while the veil covering the Imperial eagle was but a passing cloud.", "\n\nAt the tables all around soldiers were conversing. ", "Both the sober and the tipsy were talking about the Emperor; the drunken ones even shouted now and again: \"Long live the Emperor!\" ", "Little Pascal spread out the handkerchief before him and said with an affected deep voice: \"Everybody says the Emperor is coming back. ", "We don't give a damn about the Bourbons!\" ", "And he gestured with his little finger at the portrait of the returned King on the wall.", "\n\n\"He won't come back,\" said the cobbler Wokurka. \"", "And I want to say that you, if you like, can come with us, with your mother and I, to my homeland.\"", "\n\n\"Why?\" ", "asked the boy. \"", "The Emperor's coming back soon; everyone says so.\"", "\n\nAngelina was silent. ", "She heard the soldiers all around her talking about the Emperor. ", "The Emperor was not dead and forgotten; he was alive in the hearts of the soldiers and they awaited him every day. ", "Only she had stopped waiting for him; she alone would not be allowed to wait any longer.", "\n\nAnd she noticed that both the man and her son became strangers as soon as she thought about the Emperor. ", "In fact, her son only seemed close because he had spoken lovingly of the Emperor, so out of fear that she might betray her confusion and would lose her determination to follow Wokurka, she said: \"Let's go,\" stood up, kissed her son on the cheeks, on the forehead, and on his red hair, and turned to go before Wokurka even had time to get up.", "\n\nOn the way home he spoke to her, gently and timidly and somewhat uncertain. ", "He told her that the soldiers were wrong. ", "They did not comprehend the intricacies of the political world and therefore believed the Emperor would return. ", "But even if the soldiers were right in their prediction and the Emperor came back, this should not hinder them, Angelina and the cobbler Wokurka, from starting a new life in a distant land, far removed from the confusion caused by the great ones in the world only so that the lowly ones might suffer.", "\n\n\"Yes, yes,\" she said, but no longer believed him.", "\n\nUpon arriving at the house, they saw all its residents — who were craftsmen, coachmen, and lackeys — standing at the door. ", "Something extraordinary had happened: the midwife Pocci had returned and with her Véronique Casimir. ", "They had both refused to give out any information, but had only asked after Angelina and proclaimed quite generally and solemnly that they came back because \"a whole new era was dawning.\"", "\n\nVéronique Casimir had not changed, nor had Barbara Pocci. ", "Where both women had been living for so long, nobody dared ask. ", "Both were recognizable at first glance and had returned wholly unchanged: the midwife Pocci was still trustworthy yet menacing, bony, and gaunt, and Mademoiselle Casimir was still plump yet nimble.", "\n\n\"You mustn't do it,\" she said to the shoemaker. \"", "You'll lose your right to a pension if you go and the Emperor returns. ", "And sure as my name is Véronique Casimir, sure as I have predicted, as all the world knows, the Emperor's battles, both victories and defeats, now I predict that he's coming back soon, and nothing can stop it.\"", "\n\nVéronique Casimir did not say any of this lightly. ", "She proved it too. ", "She proved it in the presence of all the residents of the house, of neighbors in the quarter who had been either invited or compelled to come and in the presence of many strangers, all of whom had gathered — rapt, credulous, and hopeful — in the cobbler's room and even filled the passage or sometimes had to wait in the street outside. ", "She proved it through the irrefutable cards. ", "She repeated it every evening: \"The Emperor is preparing for his departure. ", "Eleven hundred men are accompanying him. ", "They have anticipated many dangers, but all these dangers are dispersing and evaporating as the Emperor approaches. ", "All doors are opened for him. ", "The people are cheering him. ", "He has won, he has won! ", "He comes, he comes!\"", "\n\n\"And then?\" ", "the cobbler Wokurka would sometimes inquire. \"", "What will happen then?\"", "\n\n\"That I cannot see,\" answered Véronique Casimir. ", "And she collected her cards together and bustled out through a street crowded with awe-struck believers. ", "\nXII\n\nOne evening — spring had long since announced its arrival, but had quickly been chased away again by winter's merciless rebirth — Angelina heard the wooden leg of the returning Wokurka rapping more hurriedly, nimbly, and loudly upon the cobbles in front of the house than ever before.", "\n\nHe arrived out of breath. ", "It was hailing outside. ", "There were wet little hailstones on his shoulders and water ran down from his single boot to form a large black puddle on the floor. ", "He did not remove his cap. ", "He remained standing in the doorway and said: \"Angelina, things are happening! ", "He comes tomorrow! ", "The King is on the run!\"", "\n\nShe stood up. ", "She had been sitting on a stool peeling potatoes and they fell to the floor with a series of thuds. \"", "He's coming?\" ", "she repeated. \"", "Tomorrow? ", "And the King flees?\"", "\n\n\"He's coming!\" ", "Wokurka reiterated. ", "And although at that moment he knew that he had lost Angelina, he said for a third time, with happiness gleaming on his face and joy ringing in his voice: \"He's coming! ", "It's definite!\"", "\n\nThat evening Véronique Casimir did not come by. ", "The residents of the house, the neighbors, and also strangers came and inquired after her. ", "She did not come. ", "Midwife Pocci's door also remained closed.", "\n\n\"Is it really true that he's coming?\" ", "Angelina asked.", "\n\n\"He comes tomorrow, definitely tomorrow,\" said Wokurka.", "\n\nThey ate silently. ", "They felt both happy and unhappy at the same time, relieved and unsettled, fortunate and unfortunate. ", "And yet neither could say why they felt these conflicting feelings.", "\n\nThey lay down but could not get to sleep. ", "Each of them remained awake, hoping and believing that the other was asleep.", "\n\nWhen dawn's light arrived, Angelina got up quietly. ", "She thought that she had not awakened Wokurka. ", "But he had never actually fallen asleep. ", "He watched her get up. ", "He saw her hastily wash and dress. ", "She came back to bed and kissed him, but he did not move. ", "From behind his half-closed eyelids he saw her go and he knew she did not mean to come back.", "\n\nHe did not move. ", "He was dead. ", "He had once lost a leg for the Emperor; now he was losing a woman for the Emperor.", "\n\nSix weeks later he learned from Barbara Pocci that Angelina was back in the Imperial palace. ", "He immediately made his way to her. ", "He waited outside the gate and she came to meet him. \"", "Good day,\" she said. \"", "It's nice that you want to see me again!\" ", "She was wearing the livery of the Imperial servants, the dark-blue dress, white apron, and blue cap. ", "She looked both beautiful and foreign.", "\n\nHe said: \"I have come, Angelina, to ask you once more whether you will go with me!\"", "\n\n\"No!\" ", "she replied firmly, as if she had never told him she would go in the first place.", "\n\nIt began to rain lightly, then more heavily. ", "It was a good, warm, almost summer-like rain. ", "He watched as her clothes got wet, heard the rain pounding harder and harder, looked at her as she stood there, lost. ", "He knew that they had nothing more to say to each other.", "\n\n\"Adieu, Angelina,\" he said. \"", "If you need me — I'm not going home, I'm going to wait until you need me again.\"", "\n\nThey shook hands. ", "Both hands were wet and there was no warmth in either. ", "It seemed that they were not actually shaking hands but exchanging rain. ", "Angelina watched him hobble away with concerted and cautious effort and disappear into the torrent. ", "\nXIII\n\nA palpable excitement descended upon the land. ", "An even greater yet entirely different kind of excitement ruled within the palace, among both the ladies and gentlemen of the Emperor and among the servants. ", "All the prominent events that were occurring in the world, and the even more substantial ones that were now in preparation had been caused and incited by the Emperor Napoleon himself. ", "He was great and impetuous, but the world preferred to stay small and cautious, as it was. ", "The Emperor's servants knew nothing of the terror that he was spreading around the world. ", "They knew only the terror he inspired within his own house. ", "Certainly they were of lesser importance to the Emperor than the kings, his enemies. ", "But the servants lived near him, heard his voice on a daily basis, felt his gracious or scolding gaze upon them, heard his affectionate praise or furious curses. ", "Thus they, in contrast to the rest of the world, felt the significance of his every occasional glance, good mood, or malicious word. ", "The world was already arming itself for war, out of fear for his might and his rash behavior. ", "The servants of the court, however, were preparing for the Emperor's move from the Tuileries to the Elysée. ", "His decision to move appeared to the men and women of the court more significant than the war for which the countries of the world were already beginning to prepare. ", "If Véronique Casimir, now restored to her old rank and former dignity, had not foretold the war's proximity with her cards, the men and women of the Imperial household would have given no thought whatsoever to the world at large, to danger, to life and death. ", "But despite the prophecies of Véronique Casimir, and although doom was already spreading its somber wings over the Emperor's house, his servants could not feel it coming and continued to sense disaster nearing only with the Emperor's wrath or receding with his mirth. ", "They began to prepare with genuine enthusiasm for the move. ", "They postulated all kinds of hypothetical reasons for the Emperor's decision. ", "The evening before the move to the other palace, twelve hours before the Emperor's departure, they gathered in the hall for a detailed inspection by Véronique Casimir. ", "Twelve coaches were already waiting below for the servants and baggage. ", "For the last time — and they had no idea that it was the last time — they took their meal in the great dining hall. ", "They spoke of nothing but the move. ", "One proclaimed he knew for certain that the Emperor was moving because his wife was arriving from Vienna in two days and would not feel safe enough in the Tuileries. ", "Another asserted that was wrong, that the Emperor was without doubt only giving the appearance of moving, with the intention of misleading the informants of the treacherous Minister of Police, whom he hated. ", "A third insisted that he knew the truth; he had information from the Emperor's valet himself that Napoleon had no intention of living in either palace, but wanted to go to Malmaison once and for all, to ensconce himself in the memory of his first wife. ", "Others contradicted the first, second, and third. ", "Véronique Casimir, at the head of the long table, called for silence. ", "She forbade everyone to indulge in such idle talk; one never knew who was safe and who was treacherous, considering the infiltration of Fouché's spies in many places.", "\n\nAnd so it was. ", "Long gone was that first day of spring, the day when the Emperor had returned to reign once more over his land, his palace, and his servants. ", "Barely a week later, new and unfamiliar servants, workmen, laundry attendants, and barbers had begun to appear. ", "Each of them bore the honest face and trustworthy eyes that are the most important qualities of a spy. ", "Discord, mistrust, lies, and treachery soon began to take their toll. ", "Former confidantes trusted each other no more and old friends kept a suspicious eye on each other. ", "So it was in the palace, so it was across the whole land.", "\n\nAmong the Emperor's servants at the time, there were precious few who were honest and fearless. ", "Among this number was Angelina. ", "She was silent, for what did she have to contribute? ", "She lived a more isolated life than before. ", "She even felt disconnected from her aunt, recalling the months during which Véronique had been invisible and inaccessible. ", "Angelina was both silent and aloof. ", "Her son no longer belonged to her, she had left Wokurka, she loved only the great Emperor, she had lost herself, her sins burdened her, she had lived in confusion, weak and foolish, and had sacrificed herself unthinkingly. ", "She was lost. ", "She belonged to the great Emperor. ", "He, however, knew nothing of her. ", "She was tiny and insignificant, more insignificant then one of the flies that buzzed through the Emperor's room, a barely noticeable nuisance. ", "A barely noticeable nuisance, but whatever the case, she loved him. ", "Her heart was young, hot, and tender. ", "Sometimes, when she was gazing with adoration at one of his many portraits, she felt like one of the tiny flies that crawled deliberately, even fervently, like herself but insignificant and repulsive, along the picture.", "\n\nHer heart commanded her to remain close to his gracious presence, lowly and ignored as she was. ", "To live in the golden shadow that only he of all the people in the world could cast upon his servants was bliss. ", "To watch his every visible move with love and fervent devotion without even being noticed was pure happiness. ", "In his presence one could be insignificant and proud. ", "His shadow was golden and more radiant than the light of any others. ", "One served him but he was unaware. ", "To be in his service was pride itself.", "\n\nAll over people were speaking of war. ", "They feared it. ", "The Emperor brought war! ", "He seemed too great for peace. ", "He went forth not like a man but blew through the land like a mighty wind. ", "People were now beginning to hate him. ", "Bared swords seemed to precede him on every path he trod, while the Imperial eagle circled over his head. ", "Whenever he celebrated a holiday his cannon boomed in the towns and villages. ", "Angelina loved his swords, his eagle, and the booming cannons of his celebrations. ", "And as she loved him, she also loved war. ", "His enemies were also her enemies. ", "She wanted his greatness to increase and her smallness to become still more insignificant. ", "She alone longed for war, which all others feared. ", "She had relinquished her son long ago. ", "When she said farewell to him in the great, mercilessly shadeless barracks yard, surrounded by strange women and soldiers, her heart was enveloped in stone and iron. ", "Her eyes were hard and dry and she saw her poor little son as though through a sheer transparent veil of frozen tears. ", "She wept only on the evening that she watched the Emperor leave after the lackey had stamped out the torch. ", "A sudden terror mounted in her, clamped her heart, and lodged in her throat. ", "She fell to her knees and began praying.", "\n\nA few days later, as the bells announced the Emperor's first victory, she entered a church for the first time in years. ", "It was the little Church of Saint Julien, in which her son had been baptized. ", "She was alone. ", "Nobody was praying for the Emperor and his soldiers, except for the bells, high above in the belfry, but even they chimed only because they had been ordered to. ", "It was late in the evening. ", "Under the golden shimmer of the pleasant wax candles, kneeling before the eternal light of the cheery ruby-red lamp, with the deep boom of the golden-voiced bells causing the black pews and the bright little altar to shiver, surrounded by the breathing, holy solitude of the empty yet living space, Angelina began to recite the long-unspoken words of the \"Our Father\" and the \"Hail Mary.\" ", "She prayed, sinfully, a prisoner of her great love, for the death of all the Emperor's enemies. ", "She imagined with a sinful blood lust thousands of mutilated bodies — the bodies of Englishmen, Prussians, and Russians; colorful uniforms riddled with bullet holes from which blood trickled; split skulls; oozing brains and glassy eyes. ", "Over all these horrors galloped the Emperor on his snow-white horse, sword raised, and the completely unharmed Frenchmen thundered after him over endless fields strewn with enemy corpses in all directions. ", "These images made Angelina happy and she prayed still more ardently. ", "In a special prayer she wished the most horrible of all deaths upon the Empress Marie Louise, and she could clearly see the Empress dying, surrounded by all the terrifying monsters prematurely borne out of hell, tortured by the spectral visions that were a product of her evil conscience and cursed by Napoleon's son who stood angry and vengeful at her deathbed.", "\n\nAngelina crossed herself, thanked the Lord with a full heart for all the troubles he inflicted upon the Emperor's enemies, and then left. ", "The bells were still tolling to announce the victory. ", "In the streets she encountered only bright and happy faces. ", "Light and fluffy cloudlets were floating under the darkening sky like cheery and triumphant little banners. ", "Silver shimmered the first stars, the stars of the Emperor: all the stars in the heavens were now his stars. ", "The damp broadsides freshly pasted to the walls announced victory, the victory of the Emperor over the entire world.", "\n\nAngelina ran to the palace. ", "It was a long way from the Church of Saint Julien to the Elysée, but she made it back quickly and happily; the road itself seemed to be rising up to meet her. ", "The frenzied cheering of the crowds that had gathered in front of the news bulletins on the walls and were greeting the Emperor's victory gave wings to her steps. ", "She was propelled by their cheers and happy in the belief that her prayers had assisted the Emperor.", "\n\nAlas! ", "She knew not the great Emperor was at that moment wandering, defeated, dejected, and helpless yet still magnificent, among the dead remnants of his last great army. ", "It was the very hour at which Paris was celebrating his victory. ", "On the battlefield of Waterloo, however, the dying moaned, the wounded screamed, and the beaten were fleeing. ", "\nBook Three\n\nThe Downfall\n\nI\n\nIn this hour the Emperor knew that he had lost the battle of Waterloo. ", "The sun was briefly hiding behind an angry purple wall of clouds, before setting. ", "On this evening it disappeared more quickly than usual. ", "Nobody, however, was paying any mind to the sun. ", "All the men on the battlefield, both friend and enemy, had their attention fixed on the Emperor's Guards. ", "Steadily and deliberately, the Emperor's Guards marched ahead with a sublime rhythm, over ground that had been soaked by the rain and clung tenaciously to their boots at every squishing step they took. ", "From the hill against which they were advancing, the enemy fired incessantly. ", "The bullets felled the Emperor's grenadiers, those terrors of the enemy, the chosen of the French people, the brothers of the Emperor and his sons.", "\n\nThey resembled one another like brothers.", "\n\nThose who saw them marching forth believed they were watching 20,000 brothers, 20,000 brothers begotten of the same father. ", "They were as alike as 20,000 swords forged in the same workshop. ", "They had all grown up on the same battlefield, in the golden, bloody, and deadly shadow of the Emperor. ", "The mightiest of their brothers, however, who had breathed upon, touched, or kissed a hundred times each one of these 20,000 foot soldiers and 4,000 horsemen, was not Napoleon but a far mightier Emperor than he, namely the Emperor Death. ", "They were not afraid of his hollow eyes. ", "They marched toward the crushing embrace of his ever-receptive bony arms with steady confidence, as brother goes toward brother. ", "They loved Death just as he loved them. ", "Their love for Death made them all alike. ", "And because they all resembled each other so closely, the appearance was given that as soon as one fell he rose right up again, whereas in reality it was only one of his brothers who stepped into his place. ", "The appearance was thus created that the advancing line consisted always of the same men. ", "The enemy soldiers fired just to relieve the holy terror that awakened within them again and again as soon as the smoke had cleared and they saw the unwavering steps of the very same men. ", "Soon, however, one could notice that their square was growing ever smaller. ", "And briefly the enemy was struck with an even greater dread, for the Emperor's grenadiers thus accomplished a greater miracle than the typical one of legends and fairytales, in which one is immortal. ", "The grenadiers of the Emperor were not immune to death, rather they were consecrated to death. ", "And since they had realized now that they were hopelessly outnumbered by the enemy, they were no longer marching toward the enemy but toward their familiar brother, Death. ", "But to show their other great brother, their earthly brother, that they loved him even in their last hour, they shouted with roaring voices, from mighty throats, which were stronger than the jaws of the cannon because it was loyalty itself that issued from their throats: \"Long live the Emperor!\" ", "And so powerful was this cry that it drowned out the foolish and senseless rumble of the cannon. ", "The loudest cries came from those who had just been struck. ", "They shouted not only out of loyalty but also Death: \"Long live the Emperor!\"", "\n\nThus it was Death himself who spoke louder than the cannon.", "\n\nWhen the Emperor heard the cries and saw that all of his 20,000 brothers on foot and his 4,000 brothers on horseback — even the horses themselves were his siblings at that moment — were lost, he too was gripped by an irresistible longing for death. ", "He mingled with them, was now at their head, now on one of their flanks, then at their rear, then again at their head, and finally back in their midst. ", "His back ached, his face was jaundiced and he was panting. ", "When he heard his Guards shouting, \"Long live the Emperor!\" ", "he drew his sword, lifted it toward the sky like a steely, imploring sixth finger, and cried through the tumult in a hoarse voice: \"Death to the Emperor! ", "Death to the Emperor!\" ", "But Death heeded neither his imploring sword nor his cry. ", "For the first time in his proud life the Emperor began to pray, breathlessly, with a wide-open mouth and throat from which no sound would issue, as he galloped back and forth. ", "He prayed and not to God, whom he knew not, but to Death, his brother; for of all otherworldly powers, this was the only one he had seen and often felt. \"", "Oh Death! ", "Sweet kindly Death!\" ", "he prayed breathlessly and soundlessly. \"", "I await thee, come! ", "My days are fulfilled, as are the days of my brothers. ", "Come soon, while the Sun is still in the heavens! ", "I too was once a sun. ", "It must not sink before me! ", "Forgive me this foolish vanity! ", "I have displayed much vanity, but I have had wisdom and virtues too. ", "I have known it all: power and superiority, virtue, goodness, sin, arrogance, and error! ", "I have lived, Brother Death! ", "I have lived and had enough! ", "Come and get me before our sister, the Sun, sets!\"", "\n\nBut Death did not come for the Emperor. ", "He watched the sun set. ", "He heard his wounded soldiers groaning. ", "The enemy granted him a brief respite, time enough for him to walk helpless, ailing, and at odds with treacherous Death among the deceased and wounded. ", "A soldier led his horse by the bridle and his adjutant hobbled along behind it. ", "He could not yet grasp that all was lost, everything was destroyed, and he alone still lived. ", "Only two days ago one of his generals had betrayed him. ", "Another had acted foolishly and a third carelessly. ", "But the Emperor quarreled only with the greatest of all generals, the greatest of his brothers — with Death. ", "At the same time, in a strange voice that may once — so long ago! — ", "have been his but that now did not seem to be his, he cried out to the soldiers who were retreating all around him and fleeing past him like so many flitting ghosts: \"Halt! ", "Halt! ", "Wait! ", "Wait!\" ", "But they did not listen. ", "They continued along on their way and disappeared into the night. ", "Maybe they had not even heard him. ", "Maybe he had only imagined shouting and had in reality said nothing.", "\n\nA soldier accompanied him with a lantern, and the Emperor signaled to him to bring it ever closer. ", "For over and over he believed that he could recognize this dead man or that wounded one at his feet. ", "Ah, he knew them all better at this hour than the living, scattering soldiers knew him! ", "He gestured once again to the man with the lamp and bent over a tiny, remarkably tiny corpse. ", "It was one of the little drummers of the Imperial Army. ", "Blood was still trickling slowly from the corners of his childish mouth and congealing before the Emperor's eyes. ", "The Emperor bent lower and then kneeled down. ", "The soldier lowered the lamp to give the Emperor some light. ", "Upon the poor scrawny body of the dead boy lay his instrument, the drum. ", "He still clutched a drumstick in his right hand, but the other hand had fallen into the black muck in which his body lay half-immersed. ", "His uniform was spattered with long-since dried mud. ", "His shako had rolled away from his head. ", "The dead little boy had a pale and thin face saturated with freckles. ", "The hair above the boyish forehead was reddish, like a glowing little flame. ", "His small bright blue eyes were open and glassy. ", "He had no visible wounds on his body. ", "Only out of his mouth did blood ooze, slowly but steadily. ", "The hooves of a horse must have knocked him over and killed him. ", "The Emperor examined the little body very closely. ", "He pulled a handkerchief out of his pocket and wiped the trickling blood from the corners of the corpse's mouth. ", "He opened the boy's vest. ", "A red and blue handkerchief, folded four times, laid upon the little one's breast. ", "The Emperor unfolded it. ", "Ah, he knew it well! ", "It was one of the hundreds of thousands of handkerchiefs that he had once ordered manufactured for his soldiers when he was General Bonaparte, along with the pocket knives and the drinking cups. ", "Ah, he knew it well, this handkerchief! ", "On a blue background within red borders, it contained a map with blue, white, and red circles to denote the places where he had fought his battles.", "\n\nThis boy — who could hardly have been fourteen years old — was thus probably the son of one of his oldest soldiers. ", "The Emperor spread the handkerchief across his knees. ", "Half of Europe, the Mediterranean, and Egypt were shown on it. ", "How many battles had followed these! ", "Never again, thought the Emperor, will French soldiers receive such handkerchiefs! ", "Never again will I be able to mark new battles! ", "Let then this last one be included here! ", "He demanded writing implements. ", "They were handed to him. ", "Then he dipped the quill into the silver inkwell, stretched the handkerchiefs across his knees and drew a firm line toward the north, to the point at which the red border already began. ", "On this spot he drew in a large black cross. ", "Then he carefully placed the handkerchief over the boy's drum, looked into his face once more and suddenly remembered a radiant, sunny morning on which he had spoken to this youth, imagining the bright ring of that boyish voice in his ears and ordered that the pockets of the dead be searched. ", "They found a crumpled note signed \"Your mother, Angelina.\" ", "In this note, the mother had told him he should definitely expect her in his barracks on the following Sunday at four o'clock in the afternoon. ", "The Emperor carefully folded the note and gave it to the adjutant. \"", "Inquire!\" ", "he said, \"and give me your report!\" ", "Then he rose. \"", "Quickly,\" he ordered, \"bury the boy!\"", "\n\nTwo soldiers hurriedly shoveled out a shallow grave. ", "The boy was quickly lowered in, for isolated random shots could again be heard. ", "The lantern flickered and the wind gusted from time to time. ", "The clouds dispersed, the moon rose, and the night was clear, cold, and cruel. ", "Small as the little corpse was, it did not fit properly into the hastily prepared grave. ", "The Emperor stood there, silent and livid, while behind his back his white horse whinnied inconsolably. ", "It was like a deep sigh, sounding a bit like a human lament and a bit like a human curse. ", "The Emperor remained still. ", "Dirt was heaved back in over the tiny corpse. ", "The soldier raised his lantern. ", "He presented it like a gun.", "\n\nThen the Emperor drew his sword and lowered it over the fresh, shallow grave. \"", "For all of them,\" he was heard to murmur. \"", "For all.\" ", "His adjutant, the General who was standing behind the Emperor, had no weapon. ", "He instead raised his hat. ", "Suddenly other generals of the Emperor's — Gourgaud, la Bédoyère, and Drouot — were there. ", "They had been watching him from a distance, and they now approached, respectfully but embarrassed and confused.", "\n\n\"The horse!\" ", "ordered the Emperor.", "\n\nThey rode in silence, the Emperor leading. ", "At five o'clock in the morning, when it was already quite light and a delicate blue-tinged fog was rising slowly from the lush dark-green grass, he ordered a halt. ", "He was shivering. \"", "Fire!\" ", "he ordered, and a pitiful little fire was kindled. ", "It burned, yellow and weak in the silvery-blue glimmer of the early dawn. ", "The Emperor tirelessly fanned the weak yellow flames. ", "He looked at the soldiers, his soldiers. ", "They fled on all sides, passing the little fire — infantry, artillery, and horsemen. ", "Now and then, the Emperor lifted his head. ", "Some of the passing soldiers recognized him. ", "They saluted silently. ", "They no longer cried \"Long live the Emperor!\" ", "Ever paler was the fire and ever stronger the morning light. ", "A formidable silence enveloped the Emperor. ", "The silence seemed to burn stronger than the fire. ", "It seemed to the Emperor that the retreating soldiers of his army were making ever-larger detours around him. ", "A great stillness descended upon the meadow. ", "And the soldiers who went past and saluted him so silently — the officers with their sabres, the men with their fixed gaze — seemed no longer to be living soldiers. ", "They were the fallen and the dead. ", "That was why they were silent. ", "That was why they were voiceless.", "\n\nThe little fire went out. ", "The day broke triumphantly. ", "The Emperor sat down on a stone at the roadside. ", "They brought him ham and goat cheese. ", "He ate hastily and mindlessly, as was his way. ", "More and more fleeing soldiers passed by. ", "The Emperor stood. \"", "Onward!\" ", "he commanded.", "\n\nHe mounted his steed. ", "Behind him he heard the galloping of his generals' horses and from a distance the occasional sound of his coach's rolling wheels, following further back. ", "And he closed his eyes.", "\n\nHe fell asleep in the saddle.", "\nII\n\nTo Paris! ", "This was the only clear goal for the Emperor. ", "One of the generals was riding close behind him. ", "Although his entire retinue already knew that he had decided to return to Paris, the Emperor said once again: \"On to Paris, General!\"", "\n\n\"As you wish, Your Majesty!\" ", "said the officer.", "\n\nThe Emperor was silent for a while. ", "The young morning foretold a glorious, triumphant day to come. ", "Out of the blue heavens came the carefree jubilation of unseen larks and from a distance the faint muffled echo of marching soldiers. ", "There was a melancholy clanking of weapons, a yearning weary neighing of horses, the rising and then dying murmur of human voices, and here and there a loud and quickly subsiding shout or rather curse. ", "To the left and right, and through field and meadow the disorderly troops stomped along. ", "The Emperor lowered his head. ", "He forced himself to see only the undulating silvery mane of his animal and the yellowish-gray strip of road along which he rode. ", "He became engrossed in them. ", "But against his will all the miserable sounds forced themselves upon him from both sides, and it was as if his army's weapons were whimpering pitifully, as if the fine, strong, defeated, ashamed, and humiliated weapons were weeping. ", "He knew that even if he had a hundred more years to live he would never forget this sobbing of the weapons and horses or the whining and moaning of the wagons. ", "He could avert his gaze from the retreating soldiers. ", "The clinking whimper of the weapons, however, pierced his heart. ", "In order to fool himself and the others into believing that he was nevertheless planning some further undertaking, he ordered that guards be posted to look for deserters and arrest and punish anyone who strayed from the road, yet even as he was so busy issuing them his mind was not on the superfluous orders. ", "He thought of Paris, of his Minister of Police, of the deputies, of all his true enemies who at this point seem to him more dangerous even than the Prussians or the English. ", "Twice he ordered a halt for he had decided to arrive at night.", "\n\nIn Laon, before the tiny post office, stood a crowd — officials, officers of the Garde Nationale, and curious villagers with their good-tempered peasant faces. ", "It was quite still and the sky was becoming noticeably darker. ", "The hitched horses before the station neighed, happy about the oats they were being fed, a flock of geese honked busily home to their pen and in the distance could be heard the peaceful lowing of cows, the cheerful crackle of a herdsman's whip and a sweet fragrance of lilac and chestnut mixed in with the acrid odor of dung, hay, and manure. ", "In the low room of the post office it was already getting dark. ", "Someone lit the solitary three-candled lantern. ", "It seemed to the Emperor only to intensify the darkness in the room. ", "Four additional lanterns with protective glass were brought inside. ", "Four soldiers positioned themselves in the corners of the room and held the lanterns steady. ", "The wide double door was fully open and directly opposite sat the Emperor on the smooth-planed bench that was intended for travelers awaiting the next arriving coach. ", "So there he sat, legs spread, in his dirty and stained white breeches and mud-spattered boots, hands pressed down on his chubby thighs, and head lowered. ", "The light fell on him from all four sides and from the lantern in the center. ", "He was sitting directly opposite the open door and all the inhabitants of Laon stood outside and were watching him with an unwavering gaze. ", "He felt like he was sitting on the defendant's bench and they stood in silent, terrifying judgment over him. ", "They would soon deliver their verdict, an unnervingly quiet one, and they were already deliberating silent and voiceless over this deaf, dumb, and awful verdict. ", "He stared for some time at the strip of floor between his boots, at the two narrow planks of wood. ", "He thought of Paris and his Police Minister and suddenly recalled the broken crucifix that he had brushed to the ground in his palace. ", "The two dirty gray planks at his feet transformed themselves into the narrow golden-brown strip of inlaid flooring in his room, the Minister Fouché was announced, and a boot hid the fragments of the ivory cross. ", "The Emperor stood up, for he could sit no longer. ", "He began to walk back and forth, back and forth, back and forth across the small low room of the station. ", "No sound issued from the throng of people outside the open door, yet he waited to hear some human voice. ", "This silence was frightful; he waited for a single word, not a shout, not a cheer, but only a word, just a single human word. ", "But nothing came. ", "He walked up and down, acting like he did not know that the people at the door were watching him, yet it hurt him to know that they were staring. ", "The deadly silence that these people emitted, their immobility, their undying and unwavering patience, their quiet eyes, and their immeasurable sorrow filled him with a previously unknown horror. ", "The silent, limping general, his adjutant, his shadow, had risen with him. ", "The adjutant hobbled exactly three steps behind. ", "Suddenly the Emperor turned to the open door. ", "He stood for a brief moment as if awaiting the customary cry of \"Long live the Emperor!\" — ", "the cry that his ear so loved, the cry that so softly caressed his heart. ", "The Emperor stepped to the threshold. ", "The lanterns in the room illuminated his back, so the crowd outside could not make out his face. ", "The people outside saw only the light behind his back. ", "He was facing them and his countenance was lost within the blue-black darkness of the quickly descending summer night. ", "The already silent people seemed to become even more still. ", "The nocturnal crickets cheeped at full volume in the surrounding fields. ", "Already had the stars begun to twinkle in the sky, kindly and silver. ", "The Emperor stood in the open double doorway. ", "He waited. ", "He waited for some word. ", "He was used to shouts, to cries of \"Long live the Emperor!\" ", "Now the black dumbness of these people and the night washed over him and even the pleasant silver stars seemed sullen and hostile. ", "Directly in front of him, in the first row, a bareheaded peasant spoke. ", "His simple face was made clearly visible by the bright night as he said aloud to his neighbor: \"That's not the Emperor Napoleon! ", "He's Job. ", "He isn't the Emperor!\" ", "Immediately, the Emperor turned. \"", "Onward! ", "Forward!\" ", "he said to General Gourgaud.", "\n\nHe entered his carriage. \"", "He's Job! ", "He's Job!\" ", "rang in his ears.", "\n\n\"He's the Emperor Job!\" ", "the wheels repeated.", "\n\nThe Emperor Job continued toward Paris.", "\nIII\n\nHe sat alone in the carriage. ", "His back hurt horribly. ", "The carriage sped along the smooth highway. ", "It cut through the night, whose silvery blue luster and sweet summer scents of grass and dew were wafted in on both sides through the open carriage windows. ", "The Emperor had long since overtaken his retreating soldiers. ", "The pathetic clink of the defeated weapons could no longer be heard far and wide. ", "All that was audible was the steady rapid hoof beats of the horses on stones, dirt, and wooden bridges, and the dreary rumbling of the wheels. ", "Occasionally they seemed to speak. ", "They repeated now and then: \"He's Job! ", "He's Job! ", "He's Job!\" ", "Then they fell silent once more, as if they remembered that they were mere carriage wheels and had no right to take on a human voice. ", "Because of his severe back pain the Emperor reclined. ", "But as he lay practically prostrate upon the cushions a new and different pain suddenly awakened, stabbing like a dagger through his heart, lasting only a second before darting from his chest and transforming into a delicate saw that began slowly and finely to slice through his intestines. ", "The Emperor sat upright again. ", "He looked through the windows of his carriage, left and right. ", "This summer night was endless. ", "Paris seemed further away than ever. ", "As quickly as they were moving, it seemed to the Emperor that the horses were gradually slowing and he leaned out the window and shouted: \"Faster, faster!\" ", "Down came the whip like the crack of a shot awakening a long, solemn sharp echo in the still of the night. ", "The wheels began anew their rumbling chant: \"He's Job!\" ", "And the old familiar pain returned to the Emperor's back.", "\n\nHe thought of old Job. ", "He no longer had any clear idea of those biblical stories. ", "He had never wished to conjure one of the downtrodden servants of God in his imagination. ", "If ever he had made a fleeting attempt to conceive a vague notion of one of them, he saw him basically in the form and effeminate costume of a priest. ", "Yes, a priest! ", "And at that moment, for the first time, he could see old Job quite clearly; he even recalled having once met him, immeasurably long years ago. ", "Years that were as wide as oceans. ", "And they were red, like oceans of blood. ", "The Emperor had once seen old Job himself; he was the kind and fragile poor old man whom people called \"the holy father\" and whom he, the Emperor, had once brought from the Holy City of Rome so the old man could anoint him. ", "The Emperor now saw the pathetic old man again. ", "Job seemed to be sitting opposite him in the back seat, just as humbly as once he had sat in one of the armchairs at the Imperial palace. ", "With his patient old eyes he stared into the bold impatient ones of the Emperor. ", "And sharp and clear-sighted as were the Emperor's eyes, he knew that the humble and frail old man could see more than he himself, the Emperor. ", "Yes this old man was Job, thought Napoleon. ", "And for a moment he was comforted by that thought. ", "Then it seemed that the old man was trying to whisper something, leaning over so as to be better understood, and repeating: \"You too are Job! ", "One day we will all be Job!\" ", "Yes, so it is. ", "The Emperor nodded.", "\n\nJust then the rapid hoof beats drummed loudly upon a wooden bridge and the Emperor awoke. ", "He looked out the window. ", "The horizon seemed to be brightened by the lights of the nearby great city, his city of Paris, where his throne stood, and he thought no more of old Job. ", "The wheels also seemed to have forgotten him for they now sang a different tune — \"On to Paris! ", "On to Paris! ", "On to Paris!\" ", "Now everything will be fine again, thought the Emperor. ", "Now I will reveal and punish the traitors. ", "Now I will discipline the lawyers, gather my soldiers, and defeat my enemies. ", "I am still the Emperor Napoleon! ", "My throne still stands! ", "My eagle still circles! ", "A few minutes later, however, as they got closer and closer to the capital, he grew anxious again. ", "He could still see his soaring eagle, but it was being chased and was soon overtaken by numerous black ravens that flew more swiftly than he. ", "Surrounded by crows the Imperial eagle hovered.", "\n\nWhat was a throne? ", "Indeed, he the Emperor, who had erected so many and demolished so many, knew very well that it was just a piece of furniture, fragile enough to be smashed by accident. ", "What was an empty throne, a throne without an heir? ", "What was an Emperor without a son? ", "Oh, if only his son still lived in this city! ", "For whom else except his son should he reveal the traitors, scold the lawyers, round up his soldiers, and crush his enemies? ", "For his vain and foolish brothers? ", "For the lowly family from which he had sprung but that in reality sprang from him, as though he were the begetter and not the begotten? ", "For his weak and traitorous friends? ", "For the women who had succumbed to him, as was their nature, and who might just as easily have offered themselves to his fine grenadiers? ", "For those children whom he had perhaps fathered with careless passion? ", "For the army? ", "Yes, perhaps for it alone! ", "Yet he himself had allowed its destruction only a few hours ago! ", "There was no army! ", "His son and heir was far away and powerless! ", "Only the throne remained in the city of Paris, an empty throne, nothing but an armchair of wood and velvet and gold! ", "Worms were already eating through the wood. ", "Moths were already gnawing holes in the velvet. ", "Only the gold survived, the most permanent and deceptive of all materials, the devil's confidante!", "\n\nAll at once the horses' pace seemed too swift, the rolling of the wheels too hurried, and he wanted to order that the carriage be driven more slowly. ", "He was suddenly overcome by a fear of Paris and of the empty throne, of the traitors and the lawyers. ", "He needed a little more time to think things over but the city was nearing rapidly, increasingly fast as though it were approaching him so as to meet him halfway, with its teary face and its spectral throne. ", "He wanted to shout: \"Slow down! ", "Go slowly!\" ", "But they had already reached the first lanes; he could already sense the proximity of the Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré. ", "He wanted to ask what time it was, for he was puzzled at the darkness of the streets; it seemed to be well past midnight. ", "According to his calculations, however, it could hardly be so late. ", "All the shops were already closed. ", "All the houses were lifeless. ", "Their windows grinned with an empty darkness. ", "He leaned out of the carriage window but could not tell who was now riding alongside. ", "He had wished to ask what time it was, but it came out as: \"What day is it?\"", "\n\n\"The 20th of June, Your Majesty,\" cried an officer next to the carriage.", "\n\nThe nagging pain in the small of his back grew stronger and the Emperor leaned back. ", "He did not know whether he had asked incorrectly or whether the man outside had misunderstood him. \"", "The 20th of June!\" ", "It was on the 20th of March that he had come to this capital, just like his pain and related to it, his old superstition returned and terrified him. ", "On the 20th! ", "What a date! ", "His son had been born on the 20th, the Duke of Enghien had been executed at his order on the 20th, and he had returned home for the first time on the 20th! ", "Yes, today was the 20th of June! ", "It was three months, exactly three months! ", "Then — Oh, he remembered very clearly — it was an ominous evening, a cold and spiteful drizzle fell from the heavens, but the people of France, the people of the Emperor, warmed the city with their very breath. ", "They cried: \"Long live the Emperor!\" ", "Torches and lanterns seemed to be as bright and eternal as the stars that were stubbornly denied by the heavens and the melody of the \"Marseillaise\" that rose up to him seemed powerful enough to send the clouds fleeing from the sky. ", "A thousand pale bare hands reached out for the Emperor and each hand was like a face; it had been necessary for him to shut his eyes at such sheer triumph, light, and devotion. ", "Now even the windows were black in Paris; it was a fine summer night, calm and silvery blue. ", "The acacias' scent was overpoweringly strong. ", "The stars glittered doubly bright since the streets were unlit. ", "Pleasant was the night now that he, the Emperor, was defeated! ", "It had been grim then, on the night of his triumph! ", "Cruel was the inscrutable God who so spitefully mocked the Emperor Napoleon!", "\n\nWhen the coach stopped, there were no cheering cries — only a hatefully peaceful, a terrifyingly peaceful summer night. ", "The Emperor heard the shriek of a screech owl coming from deep within the palace park. ", "So great was his back pain, it was almost as if he himself had howled as the steps were let down and he prepared to descend. ", "He noticed his old friend, the Minister Caulaincourt. ", "The good man was waiting alone on the white stone steps under the silver-blue glow of the night sky. ", "Behind him was the golden reflection of the light that streamed out of the windows of the Elysée. ", "The Emperor recognized him immediately. ", "He embraced him. ", "It seemed that the Minister had been waiting an eternity there on the steps, waiting alone for the unhappy and pitifully defeated Emperor. ", "The Minister had decided to receive the returning Emperor with one clearly consoling phrase: \"Your Majesty,\" he had wanted to say, \"it is not over yet!\" ", "But as the Emperor stepped out of the coach this oft-practiced phrase died upon Caulaincourt's tongue. ", "When the Emperor embraced him, Caulaincourt began to weep hard and fast, tears that fell audibly upon the thick dust that had collected for days on the shoulders of the Emperor's cloak. ", "His tears were like candle wax dripping on the Emperor's shoulders. ", "The Emperor released himself quickly from the embrace, hurried through the door and to the stairs. ", "As if to reward the loyalty of this Minister, whom at this moment he loved more than any of those who had been with him on the battlefield, he explained rapidly and humbly why the battle had been lost. ", "Yet at the same time, he realized what a miserable and melancholy favor he was granting his friend — and he suddenly fell silent.", "\n\n\"What do you say?\" ", "he asked when they were in his room.", "\n\n\"I say, Your Majesty,\" replied the Minister, and he tried to make his voice loud and clear, and to halt the tears that were already mounting in his eyes and choking his throat, \"that it would have been better if you had not returned.\"", "\n\n\"I have no soldiers,\" said the Emperor. \"", "I have no guns. ", "I offered myself to Death. ", "It rejected me.\" ", "He was lying on the sofa. ", "He raised himself suddenly, sat up with a foolish deceptive hope that seemed to promise deliverance. \"", "A bath!\" ", "he ordered. \"", "A hot bath!\" ", "He stretched his arms. \"", "A bath! ", "And hurry!\" ", "he repeated. ", "Water, he thought, boiling hot water! — ", "he could think of nothing else. ", "All at once he believed that hot steaming water had the ability to solve all puzzles, to purify the mind, and to cleanse the heart.", "\n\nAs he entered the bathroom, followed by his Minister Caulaincourt, the first sight that met his eyes was his loyal servant standing at attention beside the steaming water, as if on guard over the treacherous element that might perhaps betray the Emperor — as a general and his own wife had betrayed him. ", "Through the second door, which led from the bathroom to the servants' corridor, he saw one of the female attendants leaving at that very moment. ", "He suddenly felt an obligation to say a kind word to her, probably one of the lowest members of his household, a word of farewell perhaps. ", "He gave his servant the signal to bring her back. ", "She turned and stood before him. ", "Then she fell down and began to sob loudly. ", "She did not even cover her face. ", "She remained on her knees and lifted her face up toward him, tears streaming down from her eyes, creating a hot wet veil. ", "The Emperor bent down slightly toward her. ", "He recognized her. ", "He looked at her meager freckled face and remembered her from the evening in the park, and at the same time he could see once again the visage of her son, the little drummer boy.", "\n\n\"Stand up!\" ", "he ordered. ", "She rose obediently. ", "He ran his hand quickly and gently over her cap. \"", "You have a little son, right? ", "Where is he?\" ", "asked the Emperor.", "\n\n\"He was with you in the field,\" said Angelina. ", "Through the warm wet veil of her tears she looked at him with fearless clear eyes, and her voice was equally clear and ringing.", "\n\n\"Go now, my child,\" said the Emperor. ", "As she remained motionless, he repeated: \"Go! ", "Just go!\" ", "Gripping her gently by the shoulders, he spun her around. ", "She went.", "\n\n\"She will be told,\" the Emperor ordered, \"that her son has fallen and that I myself have buried him. ", "Tomorrow she will be paid five thousand.\" ", "Turning to his servant, he added: \"You'll take care of it personally!\" ", "He allowed himself to be undressed and stepped into the bath. ", "He had thought he would be able to remain alone in the hot water that he so loved and in which he felt cozily at home, but then his brother Joseph and the War Minister entered. ", "He let them approach the bath and told them about the battle, becoming foolishly agitated, which he realized was pointless but could not control, and making accusations against Marshal Ney. ", "Arrogance and shame filled him as he sat there naked in the water. ", "Through the steam he could perceive their faces growing hazy, and he gestured with his bare arms, slapping at the water with his hand so it sprayed out of the tub high and wide and sprinkled the uniforms of the nearby men. ", "The men did not move. ", "Suddenly he once again had the feeling that all was lost and his excitement evaporated. ", "He stopped speaking, leaned back, and from the midst of the hot water felt a great chill. ", "He asked, so as not to reveal that he had suddenly become weak and helpless and yet admitting it after all: What should he do?", "\n\nHe knew at that moment, however, that his future depended not upon himself or on others but had been dictated long before by some terrifyingly unknowable, all-powerful decree. ", "Oh! ", "He had believed that as usual the bath would bring him strength and comfort. ", "For the first time, however, he found himself helpless. ", "Weary as he was from misfortune and numerous sleepless nights, his large eyes, which remained open and awake only on account of his immeasurable sorrow, saw clearly for the first time — despite the steam wafting through the room from the hot water — signs of weakness in the faces of his brother and his friend. ", "Whatever they tell me, he thought, will be utter nonsense. ", "They can only advise someone of their own kind. ", "I obeyed special laws when I was great and strong; I must also obey special laws now that I am helpless and defeated. ", "What do they know of me? ", "They don't understand me! ", "They don't! ", "They understand me as little as the planets understand the sun that grants them life and around which they orbit! ", "For the first time in his life the ever-alert Emperor had tired eyes; and for the first time he felt that one could see further and more clearly with tired unhappy eyes than with fresh sharp ones. ", "Once again he thought of old Job and the Holy Father and the friends who had come to console him over his defeat, and like Job he rose and stepped naked before his friends. ", "Only for a moment did they glimpse the naked Emperor, with his sallow, creased belly, the chubby thighs that always seemed so powerful and muscular in those snow-white Imperial breeches, the short strong neck, the rounded back, the small feet and dainty toes. ", "This lasted for just a moment before the servant came and wrapped the short body in a great wide white flannel towel. ", "The Emperor's bare feet left distinct wet marks on the floor with each step.", "\n\nA few minutes later Angelina returned as her duties prescribed. ", "She saw the tracks of the Imperial feet and as she scrubbed the floor she felt she was defiling and insulting the Emperor's footprints because she was forced to erase them. ", "The servant, who was still organizing the bottles, soaps, and towels, approached her and said very gently: \"I have something bad to tell you. ", "Do you hear me? ", "Something very bad!\"", "\n\n\"Tell me,\" she replied.", "\n\n\"Your son — \" he began . . .", "\n\n\"He's dead,\" she said quite calmly.", "\n\n\"Yes. ", "And the Emperor himself buried him.\"", "\n\nAngelina leaned against the wall. ", "She was silent for a moment and then she said: \"He was my son. ", "He loved the Emperor. ", "Just as I love him.\"", "\n\n\"You will be given five thousand gold pieces,\" said the servant.", "\n\n\"I don't need them. ", "Keep them,\" replied Angelina. \"", "Go!\" ", "she said \"Don't disturb me! ", "I must work!\"", "\n\nOnce she was alone she fell down to her knees, made the sign of the cross, and tried unsuccessfully to pray. ", "She remained for a long time like this, on her knees, brush in hand. ", "She looked as if she were attending to the floor but her mind was on Heaven, her dead child, and the Emperor.", "\n\nHer heart was heavy; her eyes remained dry. ", "She mourned her son, but also envied him. ", "He was dead, dead! ", "But he was buried by the Emperor's hand.", "\nIV\n\nThe next morning at ten o'clock the ministers assembled in the Emperor's palace. ", "The generals and the high officials of the Empire awaited him in the corridor. ", "They stood motionless, arranged in two rows looking respectful and reverent, anxious and sorrowful. ", "In reality, however, most of them were more fearful for their own fates than the fate of the country and the Emperor; and some were even inspired more by curiosity than by sorrow. ", "Still others were concerned for the effects that all of this would have upon their reputations and the living they had earned since the Emperor's return. ", "They stood there solemnly, convinced that they alone were the critically important, the agents of destiny itself. ", "Fouché was already waiting in the chamber. ", "His face was even more pale and sallow than usual. ", "He bowed his long gaunt head very low as the Emperor entered. ", "But the Emperor did not look. ", "He felt nonetheless both the veiled glance of his Minister of Police and the frank, ruthless eyes of old Carnot. ", "The Emperor had no need to look at them all; he had known each one for years. ", "He already knew what they were thinking and what they would say. ", "He sat down.", "\n\n\"The meeting is now open,\" he began with a calm voice. \"", "I have returned,\" he continued, \"so as to halt the calamity that is about to overtake us. ", "But for some time I will need absolute powers.\"", "\n\nThey all lowered their gaze. ", "Fouché alone fixed his light eyes unwaveringly on the Emperor. ", "The whole time he was writing, note after little note, one after another without stopping, God only knew to whom, in plain sight of the Emperor. ", "The Minister of Police wrote without even looking at the paper. ", "He kept his gaze focused on the Emperor as if his untiringly scribbling hand had its own eyes. ", "Now the Emperor stood. \"", "I see,\" he said, \"that you want me to abdicate?\"", "\n\n\"It is so, Your Majesty,\" replied one of the ministers.", "\n\nThe Emperor had known it. ", "He posed each question so as to confirm the answers he had long expected. ", "Nonetheless he said — and it was as if a stranger were speaking through him: \"The enemy is in our country. ", "Come what may, I am a man of the people and of the soldiers. ", "One word from me and all the representatives are done. ", "I can still arm one hundred and thirty thousand men. ", "The English and Prussians are weary. ", "They may have won, but they are depleted. ", "And the Austrians and Russians are far off!\" ", "All the ministers were silent. ", "Once more, for the last time, they all perceived the sublime tone of the Imperial voice. ", "They listened to him, but only to his voice itself, to the ring of his words, not to their meaning. ", "The Emperor himself was well aware that he was speaking in vain. ", "He broke off suddenly. ", "Every word was useless. ", "He was no longer interested in fighting for his throne. ", "For the first time in his life since he had become powerful, he felt the bliss that renunciation brings. ", "In the midst of his speech he was overcome by the grace of humility. ", "He suddenly felt the blessing of defeat and a very, very secret satisfaction that he could on a whim order the dismissal or imprisonment — even the beheading or shooting — of these very ministers to whom he was speaking, these parliamentarians who were poised to overthrow him. ", "If he wanted . . . !", "\n\nBut he did not want. ", "It was a blissful feeling, one he was experiencing for the first time, to be capable of something and not wish to do it. ", "Throughout his entire endlessly rich and full life he had always desired and wished for more than any earthly inhabitant could be granted. ", "Now, for the first time and in his very hour of disgrace and defeat, he had great power but did not want it. ", "It was a euphoric feeling. ", "It was as if he held a sharpened sword in his hand, one that made him happy precisely because it remained unused. ", "He who had always believed that one must strike, and with precision, was now experiencing his first foreboding of the happiness that comes from weakness and is a gift of humility. ", "For the first time in his strong and proud life, he knew of the nobility of the weak, the defeated, and the abdicated. ", "For the first time in his life he felt the desire to be a servant not a master. ", "For the first time in his life he felt he had much to atone for because he had sinned so greatly. ", "And it seemed to him that to save his soul he had to open the hand holding the honed sword, so it would fall harmless and humble as he himself was at this moment.", "\n\nYet there still breathed another within him, namely the old Emperor Napoleon, and it was he who now began to speak to the ministers again. ", "He could have a new army in two weeks; he could certainly defeat the enemy, so said the Napoleon of old. ", "But he already knew that he would not be able to convince the deputies as he might the ministers. ", "He hated the lawyers, and he well knew he could oust them, but he hated them too much to use force against them. ", "In any event he who had always been violent no longer desired violence. ", "He had used enough force! ", "He wanted to abdicate. ", "He no longer wanted to be Emperor. ", "Occasionally out of the distance yet ever clearer he believed he could hear a call, sorrow's seductive call. ", "The voice became gradually louder and even more distinct than the shouts of \"Long live the Emperor!\" ", "from the people outside the palace. ", "For they were still shouting before the windows: \"Long live the Emperor!\" ", "Poor friends, he thought, they love me, and I love them as well; they have died for me and they live for me, but I was unable to die for them. ", "They want to see me mighty, so great is their love for me! ", "I, however, I now love powerlessness. ", "It is impotence that I love! ", "I was for so long miserable in my might: I will be insignificant and happy!", "\n\nBut the people still continued to cry: \"Long live the Emperor!\" ", "as if they knew what he was thinking and wanted not so much to pay him tribute as to remind him that he was their Emperor and that he must remain their Emperor. ", "There were moments when these cries reached the very core of his being, and thus he knew that his old arrogance still lived within his heart. ", "This old Imperial arrogance answered the cries, unheard by the crowd but strong within the Emperor's breast: \"They call to me, so I am still their Emperor,\" said that old arrogance within his chest. ", "But then another voice spoke from within: \"I am more than an Emperor. ", "I am an Emperor who abdicates. ", "I hold a sword in my hand and I let it drop. ", "I sit on a throne and I hear the woodworms gnawing away. ", "I sit on a throne but already see myself lying in a coffin. ", "I hold a scepter but I wish for a cross. ", "Yes, I wish for a cross!\" ", "\nV\n\nThat night found him sleepless. ", "It was somber and sultry. ", "All the millions of stars were up in the silvery blue heavens, but when the Emperor gazed at them, they seemed not to be real stars, just the pale, distant images of genuine stars. ", "That night he once again felt he could see right through the seemingly sublime intentions of the Ruler of the Universe. ", "He had yet to really know God but he now believed he could see right through Him. ", "The Emperor believed that God too was an Emperor but a wiser, more cautious and therefore more lasting one. ", "He, however, the Emperor Napoleon, had been foolish through arrogance; he had lost power through arrogance. ", "Without that arrogance, he too could have been God, created the blue dome of the heavens, regulated the brilliance and position of the stars, and orchestrated the direction of the wind, the drifting of the clouds, the passage of the birds, and the destiny of man. ", "But he, the Emperor, was more modest than God, carelessly generous and thoughtlessly magnanimous.", "\n\nHe opened the wide windows. ", "He could hear the cheerful monotonous song of the crickets in the park. ", "He detected the rich peaceful fragrance of the summer night, the overpowering lilac and the cloying acacias. ", "All of it made him furious.", "\n\nNo longer did he want a throne or a crown, a palace or a scepter. ", "He wanted to be as simple as one of the thousands of soldiers who had died for him and for the country of France. ", "He hated the people who tomorrow or the following day would force him to abdicate; but he was also thankful to them for forcing him to resign. ", "He despised his power but also his lack of power. ", "No longer did he want to be Emperor, yet he wanted to remain Emperor. ", "Now at this very hour they were debating in the House of Deputies whether he should remain Emperor or not.", "\n\nRestless and lost, he paced, stopped a moment at the open window, turned around again, sat at the table, opened its hidden drawer, and attempted to organize his papers into three piles. ", "Some were harmless and could stay; others were sensitive and had to be destroyed; still others he wished to keep and even take with him. ", "He held a few of the letters to the golden flame of the wax candles. ", "He mindlessly allowed the ash to scatter on to the table and the rug. ", "Suddenly he stopped, gently replaced the condemned papers, and began anew his pacing. ", "It had occurred to him that it was perhaps too soon to destroy these letters and he was gripped by a fear, his old superstitious fear that he might have carelessly given Fate a hint, a sign. ", "This thought wearied him, and he tried to stretch out on the sofa. ", "But as soon as he lay down, he felt more helpless than ever. ", "Black worries seemed to be swooping down upon him like sinister crows on a corpse. ", "He needed to get up. ", "He looked again at the sky and then checked the time. ", "This night was endless. ", "Confused visions ran across his mind; meaningless images with no temporal reference rose up as if from totally different and newly unlocked compartments of his memory. ", "Meekly he gave in to them, sat down, supported his head with his hands, and fell asleep in his chair.", "\n\nThe first hesitating call of a newly risen bird woke him. ", "Day was dawning and a gentle wind softly swayed the crowns of the trees and blew the high casement windows. ", "They creaked a bit on their hinges, startling the Emperor. ", "He left the room. ", "His servant, who was nestled on a chair outside the door, sprang up and made ready to follow him. ", "But the guard at the gate, although standing fully upright with weapon shouldered, was in a deep sleep. ", "He was quite a young lad, and a soft and delicate little black mustache grew above his lips, which opened and closed with every breath, while his chubby peasant cheeks were as pink as if he had not fallen asleep erect, weapon on shoulder, but rather at home at his girl's side. ", "Perhaps one day my son will look like that, thought the Emperor. \"", "And I won't see him. ", "Such a mustache will sprout on his upper lip, and he too will be able to sleep standing, but I will not live to see it.\" ", "He put out his hand and tugged the young man's earlobe. ", "The soldier jerked awake and forced his round golden-brown eyes wide open, looking like a startled, uniformed fawn. ", "It took him a few seconds to recognize the Emperor, at which point he mechanically presented arms, still half asleep yet already anxious and frightened. ", "The Emperor left him standing there and continued on.", "\n\nAll the birds were celebrating the jubilant morning. ", "The wind had subsided and the trees stood motionless in a still, light-blue splendor as if rooted for all eternity. ", "This is the last day, thought the Emperor, that I will still be the Emperor of France. ", "Yes, that was already definite. ", "The morning itself seemed to say so; the birds were celebrating in all too spiteful and shrill voices and even the sun, which had now emerged above the thick and lush greenery, bore a malevolent yellowish-red face. ", "The Emperor did not feel the summer calm of the morning, nor did he wish to. ", "Nevertheless, while he walked for a few seconds with his eyes closed, he felt that God and His world had good intentions for him and that other men in his place, in this very garden at this very hour, in the blue-green-golden shimmer of the rising day, would have been thankful, humble, and happy. ", "But the morning seemed to be mocking him. ", "God's eternal sun was rising, rising as it had done from the beginning of time, as if nothing had happened, on the very day his, the Emperor's, own sun was setting. ", "Night! ", "It still should be night! ", "And to avoid seeing the day grow any brighter, the Emperor suddenly turned around. ", "He ordered the curtains drawn. ", "He wanted to have a few more hours of night.", "\n\nHe fell asleep in his uniform, in his boots. ", "He had forbidden anyone to wake him, yet they dared disobey, and his first thought upon waking was that even his lackeys no longer followed his orders. ", "But it was his brother Jerome, his youngest and most beloved brother. ", "Jerome stood there, before the sofa, and despite the already rich golden sunlight seeping in through the drawn curtains his brother looked pale white and bleary-eyed — a souvenir of his sleepless night.", "\n\n\"They refuse,\" was all he said.", "\n\n\"I knew it!\" ", "replied the Emperor. ", "He rose.", "\n\nThe familiar daily cries of \"Long live the Emperor!\" ", "could already be heard before the palace. ", "He sat down and said to his brother: \"You hear that? ", "The people want me to live but their representatives want my death. ", "I don't believe the people, and I don't believe their representatives, either. ", "I have only believed in my star. ", "And that is now setting.\"", "\n\nHis brother was silent. ", "He lowered his head. ", "He was young and he felt even younger and more foolish during this unfortunate time, yet at the same time he felt even now that it was his duty to invigorate and rescue the Emperor, his brother, who was like a father to him. ", "And thus he said hesitatingly: \"You're still Emperor! ", "You're still Emperor! ", "You mustn't abdicate!\"", "\n\n\"I will abdicate,\" answered Napoleon. \"", "I am not tired, but I, my dear brother, dearest of my brothers, I am changed. ", "You see I no longer believe in all those things in which I used to have faith — in force, might, and success. ", "That's why I will abdicate. ", "It's true that I still cannot believe in that other thing, the Power that we cannot know. ", "But you see, my brother, I stand today between two faiths! ", "I no longer believe in humanity and I don't yet believe in God. ", "Yet I can already feel Him, I am already beginning to feel Him.\"", "\n\nHe was speaking to himself; he was well aware that his brother did not understand. ", "And it was true, his brother Jerome did not in fact understand and thought the Emperor was tired and babbling.", "\n\nHe was kind and honest and loyal, and he had no idea of the Emperor's confusion, of his meaning or his sorrow. ", "The Emperor knew it well. ", "He continued to speak, anyhow, because he had been silent for the whole endlessly long night and because he knew that Jerome, the simplest and most dear of his brothers, did not understand him.", "\n\nJerome kept his head bowed. ", "It was true that he grasped nothing. ", "One thought alone filled him with terror: Soon they will come! ", "Soon they will come!", "\nVI\n\nThey came at ten o'clock in the morning. ", "They wore solemn, sorrowful, and despairing faces. ", "The Emperor studied them with keen attention, one after another — old Caulaincourt, his brother Joseph, the beloved Regnault. ", "Others were waiting next door in the ministerial chamber. ", "Fouché, the Minister of Police, was announced. \"", "Send him in,\" said the Emperor, \"and immediately!\"", "\n\nHe came in. ", "His head was lowered and remained in this position so long that it almost seemed he actually had trouble straightening his back again and lifting his head. ", "In his right hand he carried a thin portfolio of dark green Moroccan leather and in his left his ministerial hat. ", "With even greater attention and scrutiny than he had viewed the others, the Emperor studied the most hateful of his enemies. ", "It was as if he wanted to create a lifelong mental impression of all the minute details of this man's figure; as if he had summoned him solely for that purpose. ", "His eyes were feasting upon the appearance of this ugliest of ministers with the bliss of an artist who has found the perfect subject. ", "He is still afraid of me, thought the Emperor. ", "I can still disrupt him, disrupt first and then perhaps destroy. ", "In that green portfolio he carries my death warrant, but only I have the authority to sign it, and he fears I still don't want to. ", "He doesn't know me, and how could he? ", "So little does the devil know the Lord! ", "I'll make him wait a bit longer! ", "What a perfect specimen! ", "What harmony between face, hands, manner, and soul! ", "I have let him live and have not interfered, as God lets the devil live and doesn't stop him. ", "But now that I'm no longer a god, he lives by his own grace; by tomorrow he will live by the grace of the English, the Austrians, the Prussians, and the King.", "\n\n\"Look at me!\" ", "said the Emperor.", "\n\nFouché lifted his head. ", "He wanted to speak but could not get the words out once he met the Emperor's gaze. ", "He had often merely shivered under this look. ", "But now for the first time this regard also rendered him paralyzed. ", "He suddenly had dry, rough lips, through which not a word could pass so that he involuntarily moistened them with the narrow and pale tip of his tongue. ", "What harmony! ", "thought the Emperor. ", "His every little movement gives the impression of a snake. ", "So true it is, this symbolism!", "\n\n\"Write to the gentlemen who await some word, that they shall have it soon. ", "They can rest easy.\"", "\n\nFouché approached the Emperor's table. ", "He laid his hat on a chair but retained the portfolio, gingerly took an empty sheet of paper from the table, placed it atop the portfolio, and wrote while standing.", "\n\nThe Emperor looked at him no more. ", "He turned to his brother and ordered: \"Write!\" ", "And he began to dictate: \". . . ", "I offer myself as a sacrifice to the hatred that the enemies of France harbor against me. ", "May their word prove sincere that they have only pursued me and me alone . . . ", "All of you should unite for the general good, so that you may remain an independent nation . . .\"", "\n\nHe got that far. ", "Around him stood his old friends and servants. ", "Through the open windows the dazzling summer heat poured into the room in heavy, oppressive, and stultifying waves. ", "Nothing moved. ", "People and things were petrified; even the delicate yellowish muslin curtain before the window hung there in motionless, stony folds. ", "One could believe that the world outside had also been petrified. ", "Paris no longer breathed under the burden of this golden heat that was heavier than lead. ", "All of France dozed in the brilliant sunshine, dozed and waited; the towns and villages slept as the enemy approached from the north; the sleepy grass in the meadows waited to be crushed and the grain in the field already realized it was growing in vain; no more corn would be ground or baked that year; and one could see still and dead mills scattered throughout the entire land. ", "Only the dead stones in the street and lanes still breathed, but even their breath was no more than murderous heat . . .", "\n\nAll of a sudden the shrill scream of a woman in the street came through the window, \"Long live the Emperor!\" ", "This scream cut into the sweltering summer silence like a blinding spark in dead, dried-out timber. ", "The men in the Emperor's chamber began to breathe audibly. ", "Their eyes came alive and opened wide focusing on the Emperor. ", "Someone moved delicately, as if to test whether his stiffness had truly abated and others shifted in the same way. ", "The woman's shrill shriek had not yet faded when it was followed by the muffled thunder of a thousand male throats outside, \"Long live the Emperor!\" ", "One of the men in the room opened his lips as if wishing to join in the cry; the Emperor saw him and his eyes commanded the man so threateningly to be silent that his friend's mouth remained open for a while and everyone practically believed they could see the man's tribute dying between his tongue and teeth. ", "Once more, a third and a tenth time the people outside boomed: \"Long live the Emperor!\"", "\n\nThe Emperor had stopped dictating. ", "He did not turn around. ", "He sat with his back to the windows through which the cries came, as though he were intentionally and indignantly turning his back on them. ", "But in truth they made him both sad and proud. ", "He was still thinking of the last sentence that he had just dictated: \"All of you should unite for the general good, so that you may remain an independent nation.\" ", "He had formulated this sentence the previous day and the day before that; but it had already been alive in his heart for a long time. ", "Now that he had spoken it and given it life, it was as though the woman outside, this woman of the people, had heard it — along with the rest of the people. ", "Yes, they were his people, they were his Frenchmen and women! ", "He always said the right word to them at the right time, and even if he hadn't said it, they would have sensed and noted just as they did now. ", "He knew all the people outside, the men and women from the outskirts, both low-ranking and high-ranking officers, the women with their red scarves, many adorned with violets, all of them children of France; and the sweet melody of the \"Marseillaise\" as could be heard trembling through the great thundering timpani that were beating outside. ", "There was suddenly an old, familiar, and beloved odor in the Emperor's room, entering through the windows like an endearing guest — the smell of soldiers, the smell of the people, of gunpowder, of steaming soup in bivouacs, of burning, crackling sticks, and also the smell of warm human blood; yes, the breeze even contained warm human blood.", "\n\nThe Emperor felt an unknown pride rise up within, an entirely different one from the pride he had felt the evening after a victorious battle or after meeting with an arrogant and defeated enemy who was begging for peace. ", "It was a new pride, a distant and much more noble brother of the pride that he had known so well. ", "In the hour when he was humbly extinguishing his light, the people of France themselves lifted and supported him. ", "He was laying down the crown that he had bestowed upon himself; and now the people were giving him a new crown, invisible but real, one he had always longed for but never understood how to attain. ", "The entire time he had ruled the French people they had seemed uncertain and fickle. ", "Now that he was smashing his scepter, he had become the true Emperor of France. ", "Outside they continued to cry: \"Long live the Emperor!\" ", "The expressions of those gathered in the room betrayed their growing uneasiness. \"", "Shut the windows!\" ", "the Emperor ordered. ", "They were closed, but the cries could still be heard, though muffled and distant.", "\n\nAt that moment one of the men sobbed aloud, a violent sound, immediately curbed and cut short, but so intense and upsetting that tears began to well up in the eyes of the others. \"", "I can write no more,\" the Emperor's brother said very softly. ", "He was practically whispering, but in the stillness all could hear it clearly.", "\n\nThey don't know me, even now, thought the Emperor. ", "I am proud and indifferent, I have just learned the meaning of sorrow, sadness makes me feel good. ", "I could even say that I am happy. ", "And my friends are weeping! ", "Any of my grenadiers would have understood me . . . ", "And indignantly, he ordered: \"Fleury de Chaboulon, sit down and start writing: 'My political life is over. ", "I nominate my son, under the name Napoleon the Second, as Emperor of the French.'\"", "\n\nEveryone was silent. ", "The quill scratched hurriedly and brusquely. ", "Suddenly they heard a loud drip fall upon the paper. ", "In the stillness it sounded hard, as when a drop of candle wax falls on paper. ", "But it was not dead wax, it was a living tear. ", "It fell from the writer's eye on to the paper. ", "He stopped the next tear quickly with his left sleeve, without interrupting his writing.", "\n\nThe Emperor snatched the paper out of his hand. ", "He signed it in flowing script as was his custom. ", "And during the brief moment that his signature required there was a fierce and noble gleam in his lowered eyes that nobody saw, and his lips were somewhat crooked. ", "They saw his mouth and thought the Emperor was suffering. ", "But he suffered not; he only scorned.", "\n\nHe stood up, embraced the writer, and dismissed everyone. ", "He had abdicated. ", "And he felt as though he had just been crowned for the first time.", "\nVII\n\nHe remained alone until the evening. ", "Only a servant came, the young man whom he liked. ", "He brought the type of meal the Emperor enjoyed when alone: one that could be eaten quickly and impatiently. ", "The young man's kind eyes were concealed by his half-closed eyelids while his normally tanned, smooth face was jaundiced and suddenly marked by numerous lines. ", "He looked as though he were recovering from some horrid fright or a long and difficult journey, or perhaps a wild dream. \"", "Stay here!\" ", "said the Emperor. \"", "Sit down and get that book over there\" — he pointed to the little table on which lay a stack of books and maps. \"", "Read to me, beginning or middle, it doesn't matter.\"", "\n\nThe servant obeyed. ", "He sat down and began to read. ", "It was a book about America, and he began to read from the first page, out of respect for the book and also the Emperor. ", "He read deliberately and attentively in a monotonous drone, as he had read when he was a schoolboy, impressing everything on his mind — the nature of the soil, the plants, the people; he read many pages without daring to lift his eyes from the book, sensing only that the Emperor was not listening anymore, but had stood up and gone to the window, then returned again to the table. ", "He guessed that the Emperor would soon begin to speak and became unsettled and read ever faster. \"", "Enough!\" ", "The Emperor said. \"", "Look at me!\" ", "The servant stopped in mid-sentence. ", "He looked at the Emperor. \"", "Have you been crying, my son?\" ", "asked the Emperor.", "\n\n\"Yes, Your Majesty,\" — and he felt the tears welling up again.", "\n\n\"Look here, you are young,\" began the Emperor. \"", "You don't yet understand the ways of the world and the laws of life. ", "Heed what I'm about to tell you, but don't repeat it to the whole world — and, above all, never write it down. ", "For one day, I know, you too will wish to pen your memoirs. ", "We all do, we who have really lived. ", "So keep it to yourself, what I'm about to say: everything obeys incomprehensible but very definite laws — the stars, the wind, migratory birds, emperors, soldiers, all men, all plants. ", "The law to which I am subject has been fulfilled. ", "Now I will finally try to live. ", "Understand?\" ", "The servant nodded. \"", "Tell me,\" asked the Emperor, \"are you weeping over my misery? ", "Do you take me for unhappy?\"", "\n\nThe servant rose, but could not answer. ", "He opened his mouth, hesitated, lowered his gaze, and said: \"Your Majesty, I know only that I myself am very unhappy.\"", "\n\n\"Very well, go!\" ", "the Emperor ordered. \"", "I must be alone!\"", "\n\nNow that there was no more noise, he heard once more the untiring cries of the people in front of the palace. ", "Evening was already nearing and only the people, his people, the people of France, remained so persistent in their love. ", "They already knew that he was Emperor no more but they paid no mind to his abdication and cried longingly, as on the evening of his homecoming: \"Long live the Emperor!\" — ", "as if he had not lost the greatest of all battles and the lives of all his soldiers. ", "Not of all! ", "he thought suddenly. ", "His military mind began immediately, almost against his will, to calculate — as it had done so many times before — that he still had 5,300 guards, 6,000 infantry, 700 gendarmes, and eight companies of veterans: the army of General Grouchy was still available. ", "In a flash the Emperor had forgotten the entire day gone by, his resignation, his plans; he heard only the cries of \"Long live the Emperor!\" ", "in the persistent appeals of the people. ", "Once again the Emperor Napoleon, he walked briskly to the table and unfolded his maps; never — so he believed — had his mind worked with such speed and certainty; errors he had committed appeared to him now as childish, ridiculous aberrations; he could not fathom why he had been so blind. ", "All at once he felt eliminated as if Grace had come over him and he believed he could guess, better yet know, the plans of his enemies; he lured, outwitted, trapped, entangled, beat, and destroyed them; the country was finally free, but he continued to drub the enemy, far beyond the frontiers; he had already reached the coast, the English were escaping in their ships to the safe shores of their island — how long would England herself be safe from the Emperor? ", "One day he would even cross the sea, usually hostile but occasionally merciful, and take revenge, revenge! ", "Oh, sweet revenge!", "\n\nIt was already dark, but the Emperor was so engrossed in his maps that he hardly noticed. ", "He was not actually reading the maps. ", "He was instead visualizing the actual villages, the hamlets, the roads, the hills, the battlefields, all potential and future battlefields, so many battlefields, thousands of battlefields, and suddenly all the beloved comrades of his youth rose up again; his fallen brothers, the generals and the grenadiers; Death returned them all to him and he needed no others. ", "He would achieve victory with the resurrected dead alone. ", "It would be the greatest battle of his life, the most wonderful, the most brilliant; victory was a game, practically enjoyable in all its awesome destruction.", "\n\nThere was a knock and he awoke. ", "The Minister Carnot was announced. ", "Two candelabra with lit candles were brought in. ", "The chandelier was lit. ", "The Minister was then let in.", "\n\n\"You have disturbed me!\" ", "said the Emperor.", "\n\n\"I beg forgiveness, your Majesty.\"", "\n\n\"I forgive you. ", "But you have wrecked the most beautiful battle. ", "I can win. ", "I can chase them to the borders. ", "I need no more soldiers than are available to me now. ", "I can win!\"", "\n\n\"It is too late, your Majesty. ", "You will be forbidden from remaining here. ", "You will be in danger when the enemy arrives. ", "The ministers cannot safeguard your life. ", "You must leave!\"", "\n\nIt was suddenly very hot in the room so the Emperor himself opened one of the windows, and with boundless force came the people's thundering cry: \"Long live the Emperor!\"", "\n\nHe did not turn. ", "With his back toward the Minister, as his ears inhaled the loving, beloved, boisterous cry of the crowd, he said aloud: \"So I must go! ", "In spite of everything, I must go!\" ", "\nVIII\n\nIt was a warm, golden summer. ", "It seemed to be the last, radiant tribute of the country, of the French soil and the French sky. ", "The French soil and the French sky were saying: \"You will never again see a French summer, Emperor Napoleon! ", "Take the memory of this one, the most beautiful we can offer you.\"", "\n\nHe was no longer an Emperor, he was a prisoner in the chateau of his first wife, the dead Empress Josephine. ", "Her daughter Hortense lived there. ", "She frequently reminded him of her dead, beloved, now doubly beloved mother. ", "The way she tilted her neck, cut her food, or leaned back, the very distinct way she had of smiling when one said something she did not understand and did not care to understand — she had learned all these mannerisms from her mother and that was why the Emperor loved her. ", "At the same time he was actually a little, just a tiny bit jealous of himself; he wanted his wife, the Empress Josephine, to remain the sole woman he had ever loved, just as he had been the sole Emperor of the French people.", "\n\nAh, but there was nothing left for him to do but give in to his memories of this woman. \"", "I used to walk here with her,\" he would say in this or that avenue, as if it were the only avenue along which he had walked with her. \"", "Look here,\" he gestured to Minister Carnot, not realizing that he had now passed the spot and was heading in a different direction, \"here, as I have been wanting to tell you, was where my son visited her. ", "She kissed him. ", "What a woman. ", "She embraced the child, the child of another woman, and it was really on account of this child that she had ceased to be Empress. ", "Listen to me, Carnot!\"", "\n\n\"Yes, your Majesty,\" said the Minister.", "\n\nThis Minister had been a lifelong enemy of the Emperor. ", "He had called the Emperor a betrayer of freedom; yes, a hardened, blunt heart was Carnot's distinguishing feature. ", "Now, however, on this golden evening, while they walked along, as he listened to the Emperor confiding his reminiscences with their fond distortion of the truth, confessing his errors and concerns, Carnot began for the first time slowly but surely to recognize that there were other laws governing the world, other laws than those to which he himself subscribed, other laws than those of strong conviction and conscience, loyalty and treason. \"", "Your Majesty,\" he said with the blunt candor of an old Jacobin, \"when I hear you speak in this way, I ask myself why I had convinced myself for so long that I must consider you a traitor. ", "Today, although sadly it is too late, I take you for the most loyal man in the world!\"", "\n\n\"For that it is never too late,\" said the Emperor softly.", "\n\nA servant approached. ", "He announced the Countess Walewska. ", "It seemed so long since the Emperor had last seen her. ", "She stood there holding her child — his child — by the hand. ", "She wore a black dress and her face was partly veiled. ", "He was startled by this sight for a second and hesitated, having the impression she had come to his funeral, that he was already a corpse. ", "Perhaps she noticed his alarm, for she came toward him and bent over his hand. ", "He took her arm and led her to the room that he had once furnished for himself for the sole purpose of consoling the Empress Josephine and making her believe he would be staying there often. ", "He gave the boy his hand, smiled, and stood silently for some time facing the woman. ", "He pointed at the sofa a couple of times but she remained standing. \"", "I wanted to see you again,\" she said. ", "Not long ago her face had been just as sleek and delicate as when they had first met. ", "Now it appeared gaunt and haggard. ", "How quickly women changed, especially lovers and the afflicted! ", "Her white, narrow cheeks had once been covered with a delicate silvery blonde fuzz — sweet moss in which his lips had delighted. ", "Now those same cheeks were naked, bare, and sunken. ", "Her lips were but a thin, severe slit.", "\n\n\"I have to beg your forgiveness, Your Majesty,\" said this sparse mouth.", "\n\n\"Not at all, not at all; why, what for?\" ", "cried the Emperor.", "\n\n\"Well,\" said the Countess, \"that is why I have come. ", "I must tell you. ", "I must tell you,\" she continued.", "\n\n\"Please do so!\" ", "said the Emperor almost impatiently. ", "He already knew everything she wanted to tell him.", "\n\nShe was silent, startled at his impatience. ", "She had already thought everything out carefully, but now all the words had vanished completely from her mind. ", "She could not even bring herself to cry.", "\n\nThe Emperor approached her, gently laid his hands upon her arms, brought his wide, light eyes close to her face, and said: \"You wanted to confess that you have not always loved me. ", "I have known it for a long time already. ", "You had love only for Poland, your homeland. ", "You accepted my love to make Poland free. ", "Only then did you learn to love the Emperor a little bit. ", "Am I right? ", "Is this what you wanted to tell me?\"", "\n\n\"That is not all,\" she said.", "\n\n\"What else?\"", "\n\n\"I love you now, Your Majesty!\" ", "She replied and raised her face, almost defiantly. \"", "I love you now, you alone, not Poland, not the Emperor. ", "And wherever you go, I will follow.\"", "\n\nThe Emperor stepped back. ", "He was silent for some time, then spoke in the clear, hard voice with which he normally addressed his soldiers: \"Go, Countess! ", "There is little room by my side. ", "Please go. ", "I still love you. ", "I will never forget you. ", "I still love you.\"", "\n\nHe watched her walk out proudly and firmly, the sleek, vigorous, strong legs he had loved, with their sturdy step that swayed her whole body and made her delicate, frail shoulders look strong, erect, and royal.", "\n\nHe realized that he had been hard on her. ", "But she was the only woman he knew who understood him and loved his hardness. ", "And she probably also understood that he could not remain with her any longer. ", "He listened for a while. ", "He heard her sobbing outside, behind the door. ", "He heard the consoling voice of his daughter Hortense.", "\n\nA great impatience gripped him. ", "He did not want to stay any longer. ", "His law had been fulfilled, and he was already hurrying toward new horizons. ", "He sent for his brother and his friends — Bassano, Flahaut, and La Valette. \"", "I wish to go!\" ", "he cried. \"", "Where is the ship waiting? ", "Where are the passports? ", "Where am I going? ", "I want to go, I want to leave!\"", "\n\n\"The enemy is here,\" General Lavalette answered quite calmly. \"", "The Prussians are in Bourget.\"", "\n\n\"And the English?\"", "\n\n\"None have been seen,\" replied the General.", "\n\nThe Emperor suddenly left the room. ", "The four men looked at one another in silent consternation. ", "Before any of them could speak, he had returned with his sword, booted and spurred, in the uniform of the gardes-chasseurs.", "\n\n\"I will stop them!\" ", "he cried so loudly that the chandelier clinked. \"", "Get the horses saddled! ", "I will stop them! ", "I can; the French soldiers can! ", "Go and tell the gentlemen that I want the authority to stop the Prussians. ", "I no longer need a crown. ", "I am no longer Emperor. ", "All I need is one division! ", "I am a division commander!\"", "\n\nThen he was silent. ", "They all stood stiff and dumb. ", "Only the chandelier trembled and clinked. ", "From outside came strains of the tune being sung by marching soldiers. ", "They heard clearly the officer's command to halt and the abrupt side of boots. ", "The soldiers faced the palace and cried: \"Long live the Emperor!\"", "\n\n\"So we ride tomorrow!\" ", "the Emperor ordered. ", "\nIX\n\nBut no! ", "They did not ride on the next day. ", "Barely had the men left the room, before the Emperor realized that he would not be permitted to have even one division. ", "He unfastened his sword and flung it onto the table. ", "He called for his servant. ", "He asked that his boots and uniform be taken off. ", "He felt ridiculous. ", "He had displayed the élan of a little boy. ", "Alas, it had been no more than a dream, an old and vain dream; no, he who had lost a great battle as Emperor could not win a small one as a colonel or general. ", "He realized this and was silent as he was told that he was forbidden to defend the city. ", "Paris awaited the enemy — he had known it for a long time, although they continued to shout outside: \"Long live the Emperor!\" ", "Paris was already waiting for them — the enemy and the King. ", "The shouts outside no longer had a true ring, but rather a historical one. ", "They were like shouts in a theatre. ", "They were no longer meant for him, the living Napoleon, but rather for the dead, the immortal one.", "\n\nAll that remained was to say farewell and then go far away, wherever the wind might blow, whether that wind was merciful or spiteful. ", "He was prepared to let himself be carried forth and was even awaiting it with longing. ", "He offered no more than a quick farewell to his brother, Josephine's daughter, and his friends. ", "Now all that was left was the most difficult farewell, taking leave of his mother!", "\n\nFor this last farewell he selected the darkest room in the house, the library. ", "His mother's eyes had long been weak and light-sensitive. ", "She arrived, supported by two ladies in waiting and followed by the Emperor's servant. ", "She was wearing a black dress and wore no jewelry. ", "As she entered, the room seemed to grow even darker. ", "Even though she was walking with support, she seemed so tall and strong. ", "She appeared to be so powerful, even though her face was thin, pale, and drawn, that the entire room was saturated with the somber breath of her gloomy dignity. ", "Everything fell under her shadow. ", "It looked as if she had come not to take leave of a living son but to bury a dead one. ", "The room was already darkened on account of the dark-green curtains having been drawn, but now the room grew even more noticeably dark. ", "Even the delicate golden brown of the book spines along the walls was muted. ", "Only the pale face of his mother glimmered, only her large dark short-sighted eyes glowed. ", "She motioned and the servant disappeared. ", "The ladies in waiting followed. ", "The Emperor himself supported his mother. ", "It was hardly five steps to the wide dark armchair, but he wished that distance would grow ever greater. ", "He hesitated at every step; he was even weaker than his mother, his knees wobbled and his arm trembled. ", "She clung to his right arm and he felt for her left hand and kissed it with each stride. ", "It was a large strong hand with long firm fingers bearing tiny wrinkles at their tips and shockingly white nails, and it sprang from a bony yet muscular wrist with thick blue veins on the bottom. ", "How often had this hand scolded or caressed, even caressing as it scolded? ", "He was a small child once again; gone were the stormy, bloody, terror-inspiring years of his fame. ", "The sight of this motherly hand alone made him young and small. ", "It was only now that he was truly abdicating, every time, every single time he brought his lips to his mother's hand once again. ", "As he gently set her down into the armchair, his elbow briefly touched her full breast and a pleasant shiver ran up his arms and to his heart; he quivered slightly. ", "It was a blissful tremble, equally as delightful as those he had experienced as a child of his mother's breast.", "\n\nShe seemed to tower above him and he felt quite small as he pushed a chair near her armchair. ", "He would rather have been perched on a stool at her kind feet. ", "He was now sitting opposite her, their knees practically touching, and she seemed to grow ever taller, prouder, and more noble in her armchair, while the Emperor made himself ever smaller, sinking lower into his chair until his head touched his breast. \"", "Look at me,\" his mother said in her strong, deep voice and she stretched out her hand and placed her fingers under her son's chin as a signal for him to lift it. ", "He obeyed and raised his head for a second, but let it drop down again at once, his shoulders trembling. ", "His mother opened her arms and he fell forward, his head landing in her lap. ", "Her fingers began to stroke his smooth hair, slowly at first, then ever quicker and more vigorously. ", "Her fingers combed his hair, feeling with maternal delight as she tousled it and then smoothed it down again, stroked his hair, bent over, and kissed her son's head. ", "The whole time, she grasped him firmly by the shoulders, as if worried he would escape from her. ", "He had no desire to leave, he only wanted to lay forever in his mother's kindly lap, upon her black dress. ", "Her hands roamed over his head, ten kind motherly fingers, while from above, her mouth spoke some words in the native tongue of his homeland. ", "He did not catch their meaning clearly, and neither did he want to, for it was enough just to hear the old familiar sound of her voice, the language of his mother, his mother tongue. ", "Often, so very often, he mused, I should have lain like this, with my head in my mother's lap. ", "Why had he sat in so many saddles, why had he ridden through so many lands? ", "His mother's lap was welcoming, so welcoming was his mother's lap; saddles and battlefields were evil, so evil — and so were thrones. ", "Crowns hurt; for a son's head was meant to be in his mother's lap. ", "Out of this lap he had emerged, so long ago, forty-six years ago. ", "He had ruled the world; if only he could die now just as he lay at that very moment, ending in his mother's lap what had begun there. ", "On his account, on the Emperor's account, many thousands had died, many thousands of sons who otherwise would have been able, as he did now, to rest their heads in their mothers' laps. ", "He did not move. ", "He lay there very still. ", "His mother was startled. ", "Suddenly she said: \"Get up, get up, Nabulio!\" \"", "Nabulio,\" she said, as she had called him when he was a boy. ", "He obeyed and rose quickly. ", "His eyes were quite dry and glistened brightly as though filled with frozen tears.", "\n\n\"I will go,\" his mother said. \"", "But I will not leave you, my child! ", "I will follow you all over, most handsome and beloved of my children!\"", "\n\n\"I go alone, Mother,\" said the Emperor, firm and loud. ", "Then, fearing he had been too harsh, he added: \"You may be certain, mother, I'll be back, we will see each other again.\" ", "He was lying and they both knew it, mother and son.", "\n\nShe rose, went to the door, looked around once more, put her arms around the Emperor's neck, and kissed him on the forehead. ", "The door opened, she went out and the Emperor followed her to the staircase but she did not turn around once the ladies in waiting met her. ", "As he watched her going down the stairs, with her strong, erect posture, grand shoulders, and deliberate steps, he cried out: \"Adieu, Mother!\"", "\n\nShe paused, turned at the penultimate step, and said: \"Adieu, my son!\"", "\n\nHe turned quickly and entered the dead Empress's room, the room with the sky-blue ceiling and stood in front of the wide bed for a long time. ", "It was nearly as comforting as his mother's lap. ", "Only these two things could bring him joy: his mother's lap and his beloved's bed — and perhaps a third thing that he had not yet experienced, but would one day know, the embrace of Death, his good old brother. ", "Night was ending and the morning was already dawning when he went to his room, removed his uniform, donned a brown coat, a round hat, and blue breeches, fastened his sword and exited the palace through a rear door. ", "There were people waiting outside before the main gate, crying relentlessly, untiringly: \"Long live the Emperor!\" ", "He stood there for a moment. ", "The crowd thundered, the insistent cry of a persistent people. ", "A barouche was waiting at the main gate so the people believed that the Emperor was coming out that way. ", "The chirping of the nocturnal crickets grew ever weaker as the day broke with triumphant power. ", "The first birds were already chirping. ", "As if fleeing the sun, the Emperor hastily entered his coach. ", "He did not look out. ", "He drew the curtains and cried: \"Forward!\" ", "in a firm voice. ", "And they departed.", "\n\nThe wheels crunched with a soft melancholy and the axles moaned with human-like voices.", "\nX\n\nHe fell asleep in the carriage. ", "The sun rose, just as it always had, mighty and golden. ", "The morning was already as hot as midday. ", "The carriage wheels crunched along as the axles groaned. ", "The Emperor's three companions were silent. ", "They studied his sleeping face. ", "He was pale yellow, and every so often his mouth fell open, revealing his even, gleaming white teeth, before he sighed gently and closed his mouth again. ", "They gingerly lowered the windows, on account of the untenable heat in the carriage. ", "The fresh breeze awoke the Emperor. ", "He forced his great, pale eyes open, ran his hand over his brow, and for a moment looked at his companions as if they were strangers he did not recognize. ", "Then he smiled at them, as if to appease them, and asked if he had slept long and where they were. \"", "Near Poitiers,\" said General Bekker. ", "Poitiers! — ", "It was still far from the coast! ", "The Emperor was very impatient. ", "He wished to get to the coast quickly.", "\n\n\"Let's hurry, gentlemen,\" he said. \"", "I long for the sea. ", "I want to see the water, I want to see the water!\"", "\n\nThey remained silent. ", "They were astonished and a little startled. ", "The Emperor's words seemed bizarre to them and they exchanged uneasy looks. ", "The Emperor noticed his companions were uncomfortable. ", "He smiled. \"", "Don't be surprised,\" he began, \"that I long for the sea. ", "I've had enough of the land. ", "Fate truly has middling notions, like a middling poet. ", "I was born amid the sea and I must see it again. ", "I'd like to see Corsica too, but that is not to be. ", "But the sea, gentlemen, every sea reminds me of Corsica.\"", "\n\nNone of his companions knew exactly what he meant, but they all maintained solemn and attentive expressions. ", "Still, he could tell that they understood nothing of what he said. ", "How wide a gap already separates me from the common people! ", "he thought. ", "Only a week ago they understood a wave of my finger, a passing glance, every nuance of my lips, but now they do not even understand my clearly spoken words. ", "One must, he thought further, speak very plainly to them. ", "And although at that moment he had no desire for it, he said, just to be friendly: \"May I have some snuff?\"", "\n\nHe was given an open snuff box, took a pinch, inhaled slowly with pretended pleasure, then closed the lid. ", "He was about to give back the little box when his gaze fell upon the lid. ", "It featured a miniature portrait of the Empress Josephine — that endearing, smiling face, the wide tan cheeks, and the great noble red curve of her mouth. ", "Her strong, slender neck gleamed white, and her enticing breasts peeked, dainty and inquisitive, from her neckline. ", "The Emperor examined the box, closed it, ran his hand over the lid, brought it near his eyes and then his lips, and said: \"May I keep it, General?\" ", "The General bowed silently. ", "The Emperor held the box in his folded hands. ", "He closed his eyes. ", "He fell asleep again.", "\n\nIt was early evening when they reached Niort. ", "He climbed out of the carriage at the Golden Ball Inn. ", "Nobody recognized him. ", "The innkeeper came along, thick, pudgy, and noiseless — himself a ball, a soft red rubber ball that moved as if some unseen player had pushed him, sending him rolling toward his destination. ", "He even rolled up the stairs. ", "He opened up the room and attempted a bow, but was wholly unsuccessful. ", "As a desperate attempt to demonstrate respect and out of confusion over the gleaming carriage and the distinguished gentlemen, he said to the Emperor: \"Your Reverence, here is the room.\"", "\n\n\"You might have addressed Monsieur Talleyrand by that title,\" murmured the Emperor. ", "As the innkeeper was preparing to roll back down the stairs again, the Emperor grabbed his coat and ordered: \"Stay here!\"", "\n\nThe Emperor tossed his round hat on to the bed, and the innkeeper noticed his forehead with the black lock of hair and light eyes — and gave a terrific start. ", "Downstairs in the breakfast room hung a portrait of the Emperor bareheaded. ", "This same face was painted on all the plates, engraved on all the knife handles, and permanently imprinted in people's minds. ", "The gentleman looked like the Emperor, and the innkeeper rolled a step backward to the door. ", "He wavered for some time between the impulse to drop to his knees and the fear that told him to flee the room as quickly as possible. ", "But the Emperor, who could see the man's misery, smiled and said once again: \"Stay here! ", "Have no fear!\"", "\n\nYes, now the innkeeper was certain of the identity of his guest. ", "He wished to kneel but because of his rotund body he could only fall down and thus he lay at the Emperor's feet, stammering incomprehensibly. \"", "Stand up!\" ", "the Emperor ordered, and the man rose surprisingly quickly and stood with his fat rounded back touching the door and his large black bulging eyes rolling (also like balls) pitifully and helplessly in all directions.", "\n\nJust then there was a commotion outside; through the window came the joyful and melancholy whinnying of horses and the loud voices and coarse laughter of men. ", "The Emperor went immediately to the window. ", "Below in the plaza before the inn he saw soldiers, his soldiers and his horses. ", "In the blink of an eye he forgot everything — his abdication and the sea for which he longed — only the soldiers registered in his brain. ", "He forgot even the innkeeper, who was still leaning against the door, now resembling a neglected ball. ", "One of the soldiers suddenly lifted his head toward the window and saw and recognized the Emperor. ", "Within seconds all the soldiers were crowded beneath the window, longing faces raised upward, giving voice to that old cry through their wide open mouths: \"Long live the Emperor! ", "Long live the Emperor!\"", "\n\nHe turned around. ", "There stood the innkeeper at the door; he too was shouting: \"Long live the Emperor!\" — ", "with such a resoundingly loud voice he could have been shouting in the open air and not a few steps away from the Emperor. ", "Someone knocked, bringing news to the Emperor that the enemy was just outside Paris and that the artillery fire had begun.", "\n\n\"Write immediately to Paris!\" ", "the Emperor ordered. ", "The General sat down, and the Emperor dictated: \"We hope that Paris will defend herself and that the enemy will allow you ample time to await the outcome of the negotiations that are being conducted by your ambassadors . . . ", "You may now look upon your Emperor as your General and call upon my services as someone inspired solely by a desire to be useful to his motherland . . .\" ", "But hardly had the General left the room with this message when the Emperor was again overcome by that already familiar feeling of unhappiness — by sorrow, by uncertainty, and by regret over the letter he had just dispatched. ", "He was no longer Emperor. ", "He had abdicated. ", "How could he have believed, even for a moment, that he could still be a general? ", "The country did not need him! ", "It was exiling him too. ", "He had come from the coast to conquer it. ", "Now it was returning him back to the coast! ", "He knew this. \"", "Onward, onward,\" he ordered. ", "And: \"The sea! ", "The sea!\"", "\nXI\n\nThere it was, the sea that he had so craved, the eternal sea. ", "He sat in a cramped room on the ground floor of a little house on the Île d'Aix. ", "The bed, table, and wardrobe were all black, like ebony coffins. ", "The Emperor woke several times during the night. ", "The sea did not let him sleep. ", "Long gone were the days when he was able to sleep in happy unison with the song of the sea. ", "He had been a young man and it was his native sea, the sea that surrounded Corsica. ", "Even when it was rebellious, its frothy waves betrayed a kind of tender joy amid the anger, and its crests of spray were not storming the shore but caressing it with stormy passion. ", "That was what he hoped to hear now when, unable to sleep, he opened the window and listened to the regular, excessively violent crashing of the waves against the beach. ", "Oh, how amicable it had been, his native Corsican sea! ", "But this was no French sea; its waves seemed to speak English, the language of the enemy, the eternal enemy. ", "From his window, he could see lights a few miles out to sea. ", "The English ship Bellerophon was waiting. ", "Its captain's name was Maitland. ", "These names, thought the Emperor, will become immortal through me, an honor they don't merit! ", "Bellerophon and Maitland! ", "Hundreds of years from now people will still talk of them. ", "By then the ship will have sunk or its parts been salvaged to build another; the captain will be lying on the ocean floor or in an English graveyard. ", "I myself will be dead, although probably lying in a more solid coffin! ", "But even that too will one day be gnawed at by worms. ", "It will be a coffin like this black ebony dresser, like this black bed on which I'm about to lie and which already looks like a catafalque. ", "But their names will be remembered — Maitland and Bellerophon, Bellerophon and Maitland.", "\n\nThe Emperor's brother Joseph came to see him. ", "The Emperor had been awaiting him for some time. ", "When he entered, Napoleon thought: You should have come sooner. ", "But he said, \"Good that you're here.\" ", "They embraced briefly and coldly.", "\n\n\"Well?\" ", "asked his brother. ", "It was as if he were there to demand payment.", "\n\n\"I know what's on your mind,\" said the Emperor. \"", "You're wondering whether I've decided to escape from the English. ", "No! ", "I've decided to surrender to the English!\"", "\n\n\"Have you thought this all out?\"", "\n\n\"No. ", "I haven't. ", "I stopped pondering once I realized that my poor brain refuses to think. ", "I surrender to my heart. ", "I know, I know, this makes me seem ungrateful. ", "I know it. ", "A few noble friends have concrete plans to whisk me away and maybe they would be successful. ", "But I won't go through with it, do you hear? ", "I refuse! ", "Sometimes when I can't sleep — and I don't usually sleep very well — I see corpses, corpses; all the corpses that lie behind me. ", "If they were stacked upon each other, they would create a mountain, my brother; if they were spread out, it would be a sea of bodies. ", "I cannot! ", "How many cannon have been fired on my behalf? ", "Can you count the shots, or even the guns? ", "Going forward I will not have even a single shot fired on my account. ", "Do you understand?\"", "\n\n\"You're in grave danger,\" said his brother. \"", "They could kill you.\"", "\n\n\"Then it will be one more life lost,\" replied the Emperor. \"", "I have already lost so many!\"", "\n\nHe lay upon the high black bed, next to which was a small ebony table with a three-armed candlestick, and closed his eyes, the flickering candles casting eerie, wavering swaths of light over his face. ", "It gave his brother the impression that the Emperor was dead and lying on his bier.", "\n\nMy brother should go off someplace alone, thought the Emperor, with the money he has acquired and saved. ", "What do they want with me?", "\n\n\"Leave me alone, all of you!\" ", "he said. \"", "Don't worry about me, my destiny will be fulfilled. ", "Go away, to the New World, start a new life!\" ", "Once again, the Emperor felt that vague suspicion that had troubled him previously — that they all wanted to save him and they did love him, but they also wanted to tie their names to his misfortune just as they had formerly clung to him when he was successful.", "\n\n\"Leave me be!\" ", "he repeated. \"", "I share the fate of Themistocles. ", "He too was alone. ", "I go to the enemy. ", "I've written the English Prince Regent. ", "I'm placing myself in his hands.\"", "\n\n\"I must warn you once more,\" said his brother. \"", "They will take you prisoner. ", "They will keep you caged like a vicious animal. ", "I have confidential reports to this effect. ", "Captain Maitland has secret orders from the admiral to get you on that ship by any means necessary, with subterfuge or force.\"", "\n\n\"He will not need to employ either one. ", "Tomorrow or the day after I will go to him freely.\"", "\n\n\"Then let us say farewell,\" said his brother in a cold, practically hostile voice and rose. ", "The Emperor sprang up. ", "He opened his arms. ", "They exchanged two kisses, one upon the cheek and one upon the forehead.", "\n\n\"We shall see each other again,\" said the Emperor. ", "He waited. ", "He hoped that his brother might still say: \"Take me with you! ", "I shan't leave you!\"", "\n\nBut all his brother said was: \"You'll be back. ", "We'll work toward it and fight for it.\"", "\n\n\"Poor fighters,\" murmured the Emperor. ", "And then: \"Farewell!\" ", "he added in a loud firm voice. ", "He turned to the window and listened to the roaring measured crash of the waves to which he would surrender himself the next day or the day after; to an enemy ship and to enemy waves. ", "\nXII\n\nHe went to bed in his clothes. ", "It was still early. ", "The summer sun, large and hot, sank slowly into the sea, casting a warm red reflection on the windows that was mirrored in the glossy black furniture. ", "The white cushions on which the Emperor was resting were tinged with a kind of golden blood. ", "The reddish shimmer fell upon the Emperor's sleeping countenance for a long time and transformed it into a bronze face. ", "A few steps away from the bed, stiffly perched upon one of the stiff-backed chairs, sat the Emperor's servant. ", "The Emperor wished to be awakened punctually at midnight.", "\n\nThe red reflection faded, replaced by a silver-gray glow. ", "A lighthouse blinked in the distance and sent a fleeting intermittent glimmer through the windows. ", "The only sounds were the quiet breathing of the sleeping Emperor and the roar of the eternally wakeful sea. ", "The servant did not move. ", "It grew dark but he left the candles unlit. ", "Every so often he glanced at the little clock on the mantelpiece. ", "The time passed slowly; the hours did not fly by as usual, even though the clock was ticking with its normal, everyday, diligent regularity. ", "He could also hear a bell tolling from the church tower. ", "But between one peal and the next lay eternities filled with stillness, deep black eternities.", "\n\nThe servant sat there stiffly. ", "He feared he would fall asleep, so finally he rose cautiously and tiptoed across the room. ", "Even as softly as he tread, the Emperor woke immediately, sat up and asked:\n\n\"How late is it?\"", "\n\n\"Not yet midnight, your Majesty,\" replied the servant.", "\n\n\"Will everything be ready?\" ", "asked the Emperor.", "\n\n\"By eleven o'clock everything will be loaded, your Majesty.\"", "\n\n\"That's good,\" said the Emperor. ", "He lay down again, eyes open.", "\n\nThe door seemed to suddenly open. ", "He wanted to call out but was unable to speak. ", "He well knew that he was lying there half-asleep and powerless, but at the same time he pictured himself fully dressed walking across the great red room in the Tuileries. ", "The door closed again but it was no longer the door of the shabby little room where he lay sprawled and helpless, but the great gilt-decorated double door in the Tuileries. ", "Into the room came an old man wearing a long red soutane that failed completely to cover his polished buckled shoes. ", "He walked hesitatingly and bowed numerous times. ", "The Emperor got up from the bed, suddenly wide awake and young again, booted and spurred. ", "As he crossed the room to greet the old man, his spurs clinked loudly, too loudly, although the thick carpet should have dulled the sound, and his sword smacked against the hard lacquer of his boot with an unseemly noise.", "\n\n\"Have a seat, Holy Father,\" he said and pointed to a wide red plush armchair and was surprised to find himself speaking so informally to the old man.", "\n\nThe old man sat down and carefully arranged the pleats of his cassock over his knees. ", "Out of modesty he tried to hide his shoes. ", "He folded his hands in his lap, and the Emperor saw that they were the thin pale hands of an ancient man with a thousand intertwining little blue veins.", "\n\n\"Your Majesty,\" said the old man, his bluish lips quivering, \"why have you sent for me?\"", "\n\nThe Emperor remained at his side and replied: \"Because I am the Emperor Napoleon! ", "I need the crown and the blessing of Heaven. ", "It is beneath me to make a pilgrimage to Rome. ", "I have conquered Heaven itself. ", "I have brought Heaven down to earth. ", "I should not have to make a pilgrimage to Rome! ", "What is Rome compared with Heaven? ", "The stars are my friends! ", "What is the See of Rome compared with the stars? ", "I want the Imperial Crown. ", "I want to be anointed. ", "The stars themselves have blessed me. ", "The divine stars. ", "I have sent for you, Holy Father, so that mankind will believe in me!\"", "\n\n\"You are only an emperor,\" said the old man. \"", "You know nothing about the stars! ", "You have displayed violence toward me. ", "You are violent with everyone! ", "And they obey you, but obedience of men of violence is different from mine. ", "For I am not a violent man! ", "I am the only man of peace who obeys you — and that will be your undoing. ", "Thus far you have conquered only men of violence. ", "I alone, I have no weapons or soldiers, and I obey you because I am powerless. ", "Nothing is as dangerous to the powerful as the obedience of the powerless. ", "The weak defeat the mighty!\"", "\n\n\"I will,\" proclaimed the Emperor, \"make the Church of Christ great and mighty!\"", "\n\n\"The greatness and might of the church cannot be guaranteed by the Emperor Napoleon,\" replied the old man. \"", "The church has no use for violent emperors. ", "You sent for me, not the other way around! ", "The church is eternal, emperors are ephemeral.\"", "\n\n\"I am eternal!\" ", "cried the Emperor.", "\n\n\"You are transitory,\" said the old man, \"like a comet. ", "You shine too brilliantly! ", "Your light consumes itself as it shines! ", "You were born from an earthly mother's womb!\"", "\n\nThen the old man appeared to morph into his mother. ", "The Emperor fell to his knees and buried his head in her lap. \"", "Nabulio!\" ", "she said to him. ", "She wore the flowing red vestments of the Holy Father, and she murmured: \"I forgive you everything! ", "I forgive you everything! ", "Nabulio, most beloved of my children!\"", "\n\nHe rose, for it was striking midnight from the towers of the sleeping city.", "\n\nThe tower struck midnight with deep, reverberating tones. ", "They were answered by the delicate silver bell of the little mantelpiece clock. \"", "Light!\" ", "the Emperor ordered. ", "He rose quickly. ", "He stood before the mirror, fixed his hair and called: \"My uniform! ", "My sword! ", "My hat!\"", "\n\nThe servant dressed him. ", "The Emperor stood there before the mirror, staring intently at his face, lifting his feet and legs out of habit, almost involuntarily and watching as he was transformed. ", "The reflection of his white breeches, which had been freshly chalked, was quite dazzling, and his boots gleamed, themselves black mirrors. ", "His sash shimmered. ", "The handle of his sword glistened. \"", "Is this coat really blue?\" ", "he asked. ", "He had always had difficulty in distinguishing one color from another and at that moment he was not actually talking of the coat or its color but of the fact that he was often incapable of distinguishing red from green. ", "One day in a meadow, and he could no longer remember exactly when or where, he had seen blood flowing from a dead man's wound on to the green grass, and it had looked like the blood had assumed the color of the grass. ", "It startled him. ", "He had long since forgotten this trivial incident, which only now came back to him as he was putting on the coat.", "\n\n\"Blue?\" ", "he asked.", "\n\n\"Your Majesty's coat is green,\" the servant said.", "\n\nThe Emperor looked closely in the mirror. ", "For a few seconds, as he studied himself, he had the feeling he was not actually alive, that everything was make believe, now and always. ", "Often had he watched his friend, the actor Talma, looking in the mirror before one of his great scenes. ", "The real Emperor Napoleon was hidden deep within the most remote corner of his heart. ", "The real Emperor never saw the light of day. ", "Everything in the world was no more than a game. ", "It was meaningless theatre and he himself, the Emperor Napoleon, was now performing the role of the Emperor Napoleon giving himself up to enemy hands. ", "That was why he had rejected his civilian clothes and official uniform: so he could surrender to the enemy looking just like the hundreds of thousands of portraits by which he was known throughout the entire world. \"", "Between green and blue,\" said the Emperor, as if speaking to his reflection, \"I have never been able to make a precise distinction.\" ", "The servant shuddered. ", "He had never heard the Emperor speak in such a manner. \"", "And once,\" continued the Emperor, \"I even believed that human blood was not actually red.\"", "\n\n\"Yes, your Majesty,\" said the servant, trembling with embarrassment.", "\n\nThere were loud voices outside, under the window. ", "The baggage of the Emperor and his retinue was being loaded down below. ", "He went to the window and stood motionless, as he looked out. \"", "My friend,\" he said after a long while, finally turning around, \"this is my last night in France.\"", "\n\n\"If that is the case, then it will be my last night too,\" stammered the servant.", "\n\n\"Come here!\" ", "said the Emperor. \"", "Have a good look at it!\" ", "The servant went up to him. ", "They stood next to each other at the window for a long time, silent and still.", "\n\nThe sky grew lighter and a silver haze hovered over the sea. ", "The wind picked up and the windows rattled faintly.", "\n\n\"It's time!\" ", "said the Emperor. \"", "Let's go!\"", "\n\nThey went. ", "The Emperor led the way with a firm stride, head held high, in his dazzling white breeches and bright, shiny boots, his spurs clinking faintly with each step. ", "The island fishermen were already awake, standing quietly in front of their huts, heads bare. ", "The gravel crunched under the steps of the Emperor and his companions. ", "All was still except for the sound of the men's feet, the answer of the gravel, and the occasional shriek of a gull. ", "The boat was already waiting with swelling sails. ", "The Emperor climbed aboard. ", "He didn't look back.", "\n\nThere was a light breeze. ", "Up ahead was the _Bellerophon_.", "\n\nWhen the sloop arrived for the Emperor, the sun was emerging from the sea at his right, red and mighty, rising slowly above the clouds. ", "The dense flock of white gulls rose from the jetty and fluttered in squawking, energetic swarms over the boat.", "\n\nNothing could be heard save for the shrieking of the seagulls and the faint splash of water upon the hull. ", "Suddenly the sailors cried: \"Long live the Emperor!\" ", "They tossed their caps into the air and shouted: \"Long live the Emperor!\" ", "The startled gulls scattered.", "\n\nThis is the last time, thought the Emperor, that I will hear that cry. ", "Until that moment he had still been hoping that he was only acting, as during the night before the mirror; that he was not really the Emperor Napoleon but rather an actor playing him. ", "The sailors, however, who had shouted: \"Long live the Emperor!\" — ", "they had not been acting. ", "No, this was not a scene! ", "He was the Emperor going to his actual death, and the sailors were truly shouting with full force: \"Long live the Emperor!\"", "\n\nAs he boarded the _Bellerophon_ he felt that tears were coming. ", "But he had to keep them from being seen. ", "The Emperor Napoleon must not cry. \"", "My field glasses!\" ", "he commanded. ", "They were handed to him. ", "Through these glasses he had observed many battlefields, spotted many an enemy, and determined their plans. ", "He brought them quickly to his eyes. ", "His hot tears ran down into the black cavities, instantly clouding the glass, while he pretended to be searching the sea. ", "He turned to the right and the left and all who saw him believed he was scanning the sea or studying the coast. ", "But he could see nothing through the glass, nothing at all — he only felt his hot tears, each of which seemed to him as vast as an ocean. ", "He pressed the glasses tightly against his eye sockets and lowered his head so that his hat shaded his face. ", "He strained mightily to hold back tears. ", "He lowered the glasses. ", "Now he could see the coast of France, which appeared bold and serene in outline, so pleasant and delightful. \"", "Back,\" he said very softly — and realized that he could no longer give orders to anyone. ", "The sun's silver gleam played upon the millions of tiny ripples on the calm surface of the sea. ", "The ocean was wide, wider than all his battlefields. ", "It was even wider than the battlefield at Waterloo. ", "He now envisioned all his battlefields stretching out, one next to another, over the endless mirror of the sea — and many dead also, with blood flowing from their open wounds. ", "The sea was green, like a meadow, a meadow strewn with dead, including a little drummer in the foreground, a boy whose face was covered with a red handkerchief, the same one the Emperor had once given out to all soldiers in his army and on which all his battlefields were noted.", "\n\nThe ship's captain approached. ", "When he was three steps away from the Emperor, he stopped and saluted.", "\n\n\"I place myself under the protection of your Prince and your laws,\" said Napoleon. ", "But as he spoke these words he was thinking of other words:\n\n\"I surrender as your prisoner!\"", "\nXIII\n\nThe sailors presented their weapons. ", "Oh! ", "Their manner was so different from that of the French soldiers, the men of France! ", "They were English soldiers, and they had defeated the Emperor, but they did not know their exercises! ", "And there suddenly stirred within the Emperor the old, basic, childlike soldier's desire to show these men how to present a weapon. ", "At that moment he forgot that he was a great, a great and defeated, the greatest of all defeated Emperors; he became a petty drill sergeant instructing the men in French exercises. ", "Taking a gun from one of the sailors in the perfectly aligned row, he showed him how one presented weapons in the French Army. \"", "Like so, my son!\" ", "he said. \"", "This is how we present arms!\" ", "As he demonstrated the simple motion, he was thinking of one, of any, of the nameless soldiers of his great army, and he could hear the immortal tune of the \"Marseillaise,\" which his military bands used to play as arms were presented.", "\n\nHe gave the sailor's weapon back and let the captain lead him to the cabin that they had prepared for him. ", "As he entered, he said: \"Leave me be!\" ", "in such a loud and severe voice that the astonished captain and his retinue froze up for a moment before heading back to the door. ", "The Emperor remained alone and studied his cabin. ", "It was spacious with two round windows, a room with two eyes, the two eyes of a sentry. ", "Through these eyes, the Emperor thought, I shall be watched for days, for weeks, by the sea, by the enemy sea. ", "It has forever been my enemy! ", "What an enemy! ", "It will not bury me or consume me! ", "It will transport me to a shore even more hostile than itself!", "\n\nAt that moment the little clock on the table began to strike eight o'clock, and hardly had its eight melancholy tones faded when from within came the tune of the \"Marseillaise,\" a very thin, very faint, practically trembling version of the \"Marseillaise.\" ", "It was as if the little clock were whispering the mightiest and manliest of all the world's melodies. ", "Thin and faltering, it came from deep within the instrument, as if the melody were mourning itself, as if it were coming from the hereafter, a dead \"Marseillaise\" that kept on playing. ", "Nonetheless, as he listened, the Emperor could hear a mighty chorus of hundreds of thousands of throats mixed with cries of \"Long live the Emperor!\" — ", "the mighty cry of hundreds of thousands of living hearts, the song of the French, the song of battle, and the song of freedom. ", "Whoever sang it alone became a comrade to millions, and whoever sang it with others became like them, a brother to millions. ", "It was the song of the humble and the proud. ", "It was the song of life and death. ", "The people of France, the Emperor's people, sang it on their way to his battles, during his battles, and while returning home from his battles. ", "Even defeats were transformed into victories by the song. ", "It also conquered the dead and invigorated the living. ", "It was the song of the Emperor, as the violet was his flower and the bee was his creature.", "\n\nWhen he heard the thin, timid tones coming from the clock, he was startled at first and froze in place. ", "Finally he brought his hands to his face and wanted to weep, but the tears would not come. ", "Long after the music box had stopped playing, he remained in the middle of the cabin, watched by the two round dead window-eyes. ", "With a choked-up voice, he called to his servant, whom he knew was just outside the door. \"", "Marchand,\" he cried, \"Stop the clock! ", "I cannot listen to the 'Marseillaise' any longer.\"", "\n\n\"Your Majesty,\" said the servant, \"I don't hear the Marseillaise.'\"", "\n\n\"But I hear it,\" said the Emperor in a low voice, \"I hear it. ", "Be still, Marchand! ", "Listen! ", "Then you will hear it!\"", "\n\nAnd although the clock has long been silent and although nothing could be heard save the gentle splashing of the waves against the sides of the Bellerophon, Marchand pretended to listen and after a while, he said:\n\n\"Yes, sir, Your Majesty, that's the \"Marseillaise.'\"", "\n\nAnd he went to the little clock, fiddled with it a little and then reported:\n\n\"Your Majesty, it plays no more!\"", "\n\nAt that moment a seagull flapped against the window. \"", "Open!\" ", "the Emperor ordered.", "\n\nThe servant opened one of the round windows. ", "The Emperor stood before it, looking out. ", "He saw only a narrow silver strip of the French coast.", "\nBook Four\n\nThe End of Little Angelina\n\nI\n\nMany people visited Jan Wokurka during those days. ", "His old comrades, the Polish Legionnaires, kept bringing new men with them, homeless friends, Imperial soldiers who were left even more helpless by the Emperor's great new misfortune. ", "Before, they had only been unhappy; now they were completely lost. ", "The ground quaked beneath their feet and they could not understand why, for it was their native ground. ", "It was Paris, the capital of their country! ", "Yet their native Earth was collapsing under the feet of its own sons. ", "The soldiers of the enemy armies were marching fully armed through the streets of Paris. ", "One could hear the enemy's marches played and trumpeted by the enemy's military bands. ", "All the armies of Europe, or so it seemed to the old Imperial soldiers, had arranged to meet in Paris. ", "They drilled every morning. ", "After that they marched, well fed and flawlessly uniformed, through the streets of the city. ", "Meanwhile, the soldiers of the Imperial Army crawled along the edge of the pavement, ragged and starving. ", "They were like masterless dogs. ", "The Emperor was far away! ", "He was sailing around somewhere upon unknown seas toward an unknown but certainly horrible fate. ", "A new leader, a former leader, sat upon the throne of France — a fat, jovial king. ", "They did not hate him, but the enemy had arrived with him, the well-fed troops with their hostile march music. ", "The Imperial soldiers gossiped about the fact that the King's carriage, in which he had returned to his capital, had been preceded by English cannon, Prussian cavalry, and Austrian hussars. ", "The rest of the people had the very same thought. ", "Since the enemy had brought the King, the King was also an enemy. ", "Was he even the ruler of France at all, this man through whose capital the foreign soldiers were marching? ", "Did France still have a leader? ", "Was it not already the prey of the whole world?", "\n\nOnce upon a time, the whole world had been the great Emperor's prey. ", "Every soldier of the Imperial Army had been at home in each country of the whole great, colorful world. ", "Now they were all strangers and vagrants, shuffling through the streets of their own capital. ", "And that was why they gathered, as evening fell and dusk made them seem even more homeless, in the apartments of old friends. ", "For they were hungry, and they wished longingly for a tobacco pipe and a glass of wine. ", "And people such as the cobbler Wokurka were hospitable.", "\n\nThey were clear, cloudless summer days. ", "The old soldiers felt that the summer was mocking them; that the sky was demonstrating quite clearly that it did not care about the misfortunes of France or her Emperor. ", "In a steady serene blue it arched over the sorrowful earth. ", "Distant and aloof, the sun cast its rays upon the enemy's hated banners. ", "Summer itself was celebrating the victory of the enemy. ", "\nII\n\nOne hot day the cobbler went to the palace to look for Angelina. ", "He had already been there a few times before. ", "He loved her with all the might of his simple soul. ", "He worried about her these days. ", "What if she said something rash and put herself in danger? ", "She could potentially get herself killed. ", "She had not sought him out yet, even though he had told her he would be waiting for her if there were trouble. ", "She was certainly in distress by now, and yet she had not come. ", "So he set out on his way to win her back.", "\n\nHe stepped out blithely into the scorching sun. ", "The sweat ran down his face, made his bushy mustache tacky, soaked his shirt, and made the poor stump of his leg, packed in leather padding, sting with the ferocity of an open wound. ", "It was just after noon when he reached the Elysée. ", "He asked to speak to Véronique Casimir. ", "One of the soldiers on duty went to find her but it took a long time for her to come. ", "The burning sun was unrelenting but Wokurka was not allowed even to wait in the narrow strip of shade just past the gate. ", "Véronique finally arrived, embraced him emotionally, with sadness, but also with a somewhat duplicitous warmth. ", "She actually needed him now; what a miracle that he had come! ", "She and Angelina had a handcart and were just packing their things. ", "All the palace servants had to take an oath to the returned King, and whoever refused was released. ", "Naturally, she and Angelina were among those leaving. ", "How good it was to have a man's help, she said — and then looked at Wokurka's wooden leg. ", "He saw her staring, knocked on the wood with the knuckle of his forefinger, and said: \"It's good and strong, Mademoiselle Casimir. ", "Better than my old one!\"", "\n\nShe left. ", "He had to wait half the afternoon, but despite the heat he was not one bit tired. ", "He hobbled back and forth, up and down, back and forth, eventually awakening the suspicion of the secret police on patrol around the palace. ", "He was well aware of them but was not afraid. ", "He had already prepared an answer in case one of them questioned him. ", "He had worked hard on his response, and he thought to say something like: \"Ask your Minister Fouché, what he's doing with the King!\" ", "He thought it was a perfect reply; ambiguous yet meaningful, witty yet non-contradictory.", "\n\nFinally, as the shadows were getting longer and the guard was being changed, Véronique Casimir and Angelina arrived. ", "They were pushing a small two-wheeled cart before them. ", "Piled upon it and tied down with ropes were their belongings. ", "Each of the women was holding one of the cart handles. ", "They were held up at the gate by the guard and then by a policeman in civilian clothes. ", "Véronique talked her way past them, waving her papers. ", "They would be back in an hour, she said.", "\n\nWokurka had not seen Angelina for quite a while. ", "Yet as he looked at her now, it hardly seemed a day had passed since they parted. ", "Her face was so familiar and endearing to his enamored eyes. ", "The Emperor had come and then gone, the King had returned, thousands of soldiers had fallen, Angelina's son was also dead — but the cobbler Wokurka felt that it was just yesterday, or the day before, that Angelina had left him. ", "Great and important events had transpired during their separation, but those months were obliterated in one moment. ", "He offered Angelina his hand, but said nothing. ", "Then he took both handles of the cart in his callused fists and asked, with an anxious heart: \"So, where to?\"", "\n\n\"To Pocci's, naturally,\" said Véronique.", "\n\nHe limped along between the two women, rolling the heavy cart along like a toy. ", "He was cheerful and spoke loudly so as to be heard over the stamping of his crutch and the rumbling of the cart on the bumpy stones. ", "What did he, Jan Wokurka, care that afternoon about all the miseries of Paris, France, of the world? ", "For all I care one hundred great Emperors could leave and one hundred fat old Kings come back, he thought, what did it matter? ", "And he expressed his thoughts: \"You see, Angelina, I told you so! ", "Why should we care about the fate of the great ones? ", "If only we had gone to my village in Poland back then! ", "By now you would be quite at home and would have forgotten everything!\" ", "He was not exactly certain what it was that Angelina was supposed to have forgotten, but he became emotional as he spoke those two words \"forgotten everything\" and was filled with an overwhelming feeling of compassion for Angelina. \"", "One should not,\" he went on, \"give one's heart to the great and mighty when one is as small and insignificant as we are. ", "I've been saying this for a long time and lately I've been repeating it to my unfortunate friends. ", "You see, Angelina! ", "You see, Mademoiselle Casimir! ", "What did it get me? ", "I hung my heart on a great ideal and a great Emperor. ", "I wanted to free my fatherland. ", "Yet here I am, still a shoemaker, I've lost a leg, my country has not been liberated, and the Emperor is defeated! ", "Nobody should ever tell me again to concern myself over the great advance of the world! ", "The little things, the little things are what I love. ", "I care about you alone, Angelina! ", "Tell me now, after all this, are you coming? ", "With me?\"", "\n\n\"I thank you,\" she said simply. \"", "We shall speak of this later.\" ", "She could not possibly have explained what was running through her mind, for she lacked not only the courage to voice her thoughts but also the ability to choose the right words and express herself properly. ", "In her opinion what Wokurka said was not false, but the great ideal for which she had sacrificed her heart happened also to be her own personal little ideal, and it was all the same whether God intended one to fall in love with a great Emperor or with some ordinary fellow. ", "Ideals were both great and small at the same time, she believed. ", "But could she explain it? ", "And even if she could, would anyone understand? ", "For all the confusion, agony, and shame that she had experienced since arriving in this city, she knew that nothing was more powerful than her precipitous love, which encompassed everything else — longing and homesickness, pride and shame, desire and sorrow, life and death. ", "Now that the Emperor was lost forever — oh, how well she knew this! — ", "even though she was far removed from him, in the distant reaches of the lengthy shadow he cast, she felt certain that she drew life from him alone; from his Imperial existence alone. ", "Her son was dead and the Emperor was a prisoner. ", "How could she feel anything except numb? ", "Wokurka was good to her. ", "But was kindness alone great and strong enough to revive a heart, a dead little heart? ", "If only I were a man! ", "she thought. ", "She accidentally said it aloud: \"If only I were a man!\"", "\n\n\"What would you have done?\" ", "Wokurka asked.", "\n\n\"I would not have let him go. ", "I would have gone with him!\"", "\n\n\"The great events of the world,\" said Wokurka, \"do not depend on men, either. ", "One would have to be just as great a man as he to affect anything. ", "When one is a nobody, it's all the same, man or woman!\"", "\n\nIt was already full in Wokurka's workshop, as it was every day at that time, when they arrived. ", "He typically left his door open so that his friends could come and go as they pleased. ", "Some of them were standing outside talking to the neighbors. ", "Dusk was falling, the fearsome dusk of the lonely and unfortunate. ", "They helped to bring the luggage up to the midwife Pocci's room. ", "How did things look in the palace, and had she seen the King? ", "they asked Véronique Casimir. ", "One of them asked the women if they knew where the Emperor was being taken. ", "Another interrupted and said he knew for certain — to London, where they would behead him. ", "Angelina trembled. ", "It was as if her own death sentence had just been pronounced.", "\n\n\"Who says so? ", "Who says so?\" ", "she cried through the chaos of voices.", "\n\n\"It can't be helped,\" one man said. \"", "The great ones have made their decision.\"", "\n\nThe little room was jammed. ", "They stood crowded together or crouched on crates they had brought, or on chairs, stools, and Wokurka's bed, as thick gray clouds of smoke wafted from their pipes; it looked as if there were even more guests than there actually were, all with the same faces. ", "One of them — an old Polish legionnaire, with the Legion of Honor upon his tattered, heavily stained uniform, a gray black beard, and bright red cheeks — took a bottle from his coat pocket, raised it, took a big gulp and said: \"Ah!\" ", "so loudly and so severely that it could not be mistaken for satisfaction but sounded like resentment and annoyance; and it was true that resentment and ill humor has long been smoldering within his heart and the drink was stoking the flames. ", "He took another swig, for he felt he would very soon need to say something extraordinary. ", "Quite simply his honor demanded it. ", "He was good-hearted, excitable, and boisterous. ", "Wokurka knew him well. ", "Together they had marched, together they had fought, together they had drunk and eaten — even sharing the same plate and the same pipe. ", "Although amid the thick smoke all the faces were cloudy and distorted, Wokurka could recognize in the eyes of his friend — Jan Zyzurak was his name and he had once been a blacksmith — that old flickering flame that meant this Zyzurak was in a state of extreme agitation. ", "Wokurka was afraid of what Zyzurak would do; there were women present. ", "The midwife Pocci, Angelina, and Véronique Casimir sat silently on the bed where a spot had been cleared for them. ", "They were scared, uncertain what would happen next. ", "The men and the spirits they were consuming — each of them carried a flask in his threadbare pocket — their desperate faces and their grim talk instilled a great fear in the women. ", "Yet they did not dare get up.", "\n\nAs for Zyzurak, his second long gulp made him see the guests not double but tenfold. ", "He believed himself to be standing outside before a vast crowd of people, and spirits came over him, the spirit of his ill-fated Polish fatherland, and also the spirit of the Emperor. ", "Both of these spirits commanded him to speak and he felt he had numerous and important things to say. ", "He raised both hands imploringly and in a loud voice requested silence and light (\"for it is already evening,\" he said, \"and I need to see you when I speak to you\"). ", "Someone lit the three candles in the lantern. ", "The light was immediately lost within the grayish-blue smoke, not bright enough for the blacksmith to see his friends. ", "Nevertheless, he believed he could see his audience of thousands perfectly. ", "He was standing under open sky on a warm summer's night, and eight lanterns were shining as brightly as eight moons. \"", "People of Paris!\" ", "he began. \"", "Yes, people of France! ", "I have received a secret message that right now the Emperor Napoleon is being dragged to England, to the Prince Regent's fortress in London. ", "They are already sharpening the hatchet that will behead him. ", "Can you hear the blade being honed? ", "Are we girls or men? ", "The Emperor did not leave the country willingly, as the newspapers would have us believe. ", "Those whom he thought were his closest friends betrayed him and forced him onto a ship. ", "A general — you all know who, and I would be ashamed to speak his name — betrayed his plans to the enemy three hours before the battle. ", "Treachery! ", "Betrayal! ", "Everywhere treachery!\" ", "He paused and stretched out his hand.", "\n\n\"Treachery! ", "Treachery!\" ", "cried the others. \"", "He's right! ", "He's right!\"", "\n\nThe blacksmith continued on in this vein for some time, but the others were no longer listening. ", "They were only a small group of twelve men, but each of them had drunk too much and eaten too little. ", "They were all seeing double and triple, and Zyzurak's salutation still rang in their ears — \"People of Paris!\" — ", "and every one of them felt the words were addressed to him specifically. ", "They did not even notice when eventually their comrade stopped speaking. ", "He had broken off in the midst of his speech. ", "One of them, a sergeant of the Thirteenth Chasseurs, was convinced that the only thing left to do was raise a cheer, the old cheer that he had so often voiced. \"", "Long live the Emperor!\" ", "All answered with the same cry. ", "They removed their pipes from their mouths and set their bottles upon their lips once again. ", "Suddenly someone began to sing that old tune whose melody had been ever present as they were transformed into men and soldiers. ", "They sang, hoarsely and with drunken hearts, the \"Marseillaise,\" the song of the French people, the song of the Emperor and his battles. ", "The lantern rocked violently over Zyzurak's head and the windows rattled. ", "Those who were seated stood up and sang. ", "They kept the beat by tapping their feet. ", "Although they remained in their seats they all felt they were marching along the great roads of the world, roads along which the Emperor had once led them. ", "Only when the song was over did they look upon each other helplessly and foolishly. ", "The magic had vanished. ", "Gone were the broad highways of their army days. ", "They realized they were still in Wokurka's room.", "\n\nIt was quiet for some time. ", "The men all stood there, with numb arms, while the women looked on, faces hot, red, and embarrassed. \"", "Let's go!\" ", "cried someone amid the silence. \"", "Let's go!\" ", "others repeated. \"", "Where to?\" ", "asked Wokurka.", "\n\n\"Where? ", "Don't listen to him!\" ", "cried the chasseur. \"", "I'll lead you! ", "What is life to us? ", "Who among you is afraid to lose it?\"", "\n\nThey were inspired by the sound of their own voices, weak from the hunger raging within them for days, intoxicated by the liquor that had alone fueled them, light-headed from the smoke, and crushed by their misfortune. ", "They saw their potential actions not as futile but easy and natural; not as foolish but useful. ", "Yet still they hesitated, indecisive and tentative. ", "Suddenly Angelina shouted, as if someone else were speaking through her, some unknown being crying out of her — \"Let's go!\" ", "She yelled it with such a piercing voice she shocked herself, and she actually looked around trying to determine from whom the cry had actually issued. ", "She stepped forward, toward the door, and the astonished men made way almost as if her sharp cry had forged ahead and cleared a path for her. ", "She was bareheaded, her red hair flamed and her poor little freckled face was hard, spiteful, grief-stricken, and suddenly quite old. ", "She had no idea what was motivating her but after standing at the door briefly she went out and the men followed her. ", "Into the street and under the silvery blue evening sky this ragtag little group marched, silent at first except for the sound of Wokurka's wooden leg pounding against the stones. ", "Suddenly, the chasseur began to sing the \"Marseillaise.\" ", "The rest of them sang along. ", "They filled the lane with their hoarse singing. ", "Windows flew open. ", "People looked out. ", "Some waved. ", "Others cried: \"Long live the Emperor!\" ", "They were not far from the royal palace, and this realization awoke within them a fervent but senseless desire to head there. ", "They were a small party, a ridiculously tiny party! ", "But as they howled so loudly, cheers flying at them from numerous windows, it seemed to them they numbered in the hundreds, in the thousands, the entire population of France. ", "A moment later, however, they heard from the bank of the Seine, the direction in which they were heading, a hostile song and an empowering cry from a thousand actual throats, a cry of: \"Long live the King!\"", "\n\nSo the ragged little band headed straight into the midst of a tremendous parade of royalists. ", "At this point they stopped for a moment, but then turned around and scattered. ", "Only Wokurka, who was at the tail end, tried to reach Angelina. ", "He saw as she too hesitated at first. ", "But then she ran forward straight into the flank of the crowd. ", "Her red hair looked to be ablaze, truly on fire. ", "She had raised her arms, her dress fluttered, and she seemed to be flying, her head crowned by a flaming torch. ", "With a shrill scream, which to Wokurka sounded inhuman, savagely animal, and yet at the same time boomed with heavenly authority, she launched herself straight into the dense, dark throng. \"", "Long live the Emperor!\" ", "she screeched. ", "And once more: \"Long live the Emperor!\" ", "Wokurka watched as they seized her. ", "Part of the surging crowd paused for a second — no longer than that. ", "Then Angelina was whirling about in the air above their heads. ", "Her dark chest puffed out and hands were raised to catch. ", "Once more she was tossed up high but this time she was not caught. ", "She fell to the ground somewhere and the crowd marched endlessly onward.", "\n\nIn the midst of this royalist crowd someone was holding up an absurd effigy high above their heads, a doll patched together out of rags, out of colorful tattered comical rags. ", "It represented the Emperor Napoleon, the Emperor in the uniform in which the people had known and honored him, the Emperor in his gray cloak and with the little black hat upon his head.", "\n\nUpon the breast of this doll, hanging from a piece of coarse string, was a heavy white cardboard upon which was written in large black lettering, easily legible from a distance, the first verses of the \"Marseillaise,\" the song of France — \" _Allons enfants de la patrie!_ \" ", "The poor head of the Emperor, fashioned from miserable scraps, was attached to a piece of flexible material and drooped pitifully from one side to the other, or flopped backward and forward; he was like an already decapitated Emperor whose head still hung by a thread. ", "The effigy of the Emperor Napoleon waved and swayed among countless royal banners, among the white banners of the Bourbons. ", "The doll itself was a mockery, but the presence of the many banners increased the derision hundredfold.", "\n\nWhen the royalists saw that little Angelina, even as she was being tossed into the air like a ball, was still attempting to sing the \"Marseillaise\" with a closing throat and a heart that sensed imminent death, one of them thought it amusing to throw the effigy of the Emperor Napoleon along after her. ", "So it was that when Angelina, after being spun about in mid-air, finally fell upon the rocky bank of the Seine, the miserable doll landed just beside her smashed body. ", "She could not tell that it was a doll, a mockery of the Emperor, just an effigy of pathetic scraps. ", "She could not distinguish fake from genuine and her eyes perceived the real Emperor next to her, lying close to her battered body. ", "And she could read, very clearly, the opening words of the \"Marseillaise,\" \" _Allons enfants de la patrie!_ \" ", "As she read the first line of the great anthem, she began to sing the song that she could never quite get enough of, despite having heard it so frequently. ", "With the song on her lips she fell asleep beside the figure of the Emperor, an Emperor of rags and scraps. ", "Before her fading eyes lay the first verse of the \"Marseillaise\" and Napoleon's little black hat, the comically fashioned, tattered, Imperial hat.", "\n\nAfter the procession finally passed, which took an eternity, Wokurka hobbled over. ", "He found Angelina lying on the embankment. ", "Her blood reddened the pebbles. ", "It trickled slowly and steadily from her mouth.", "\n\nHe sat at her side the whole night. ", "But he dared not look at her face. ", "Instead, he tirelessly stroked her hair, which still offered a gentle rustle. ", "The Seine gurgled busily past him as he sat there stunned, staring vacantly at the water rushing by. ", "It was a mirror to the heavens. ", "It carried the sky along with it and all the silvery stars too.", "\nTranslator's Afterword\n\nJoseph Roth's (1894–1939) prodigious output included numerous novels, novellas, short stories, and newspaper articles in the space of only sixteen years (between 1923 and 1939). ", "While much of his fascinating œuvre has been made available to the English-speaking world in recent times, The Hundred Days has remained out of print in English for seventy years. ", "With the publication of The Hundred Days, all of Roth's completed novels are now available in English.", "\n\nBorn Moses Joseph Roth of Jewish parentage in the town of Brody, Galicia (present-day Ukraine), about fifty-four miles north-east of present-day Lviv (then called Lemberg), Roth was a product of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. ", "After service in the Austrian Army during the First World War he moved to Berlin in 1920. ", "After Hitler came to power in early 1933, Roth fled Germany permanently, spending the rest of his life living in hotels in France and other parts of Western Europe.", "\n\nThe setting for the majority of Roth's novels is Eastern Europe from the turn of the twentieth century to the 1920s, and so The Hundred Days (Die Hundert Tage, 1935) is a departure from the usual Roth formula, in both its time period and setting. ", "Written immediately after The Antichrist (Der Antichrist, 1934, Roth's journalistic and autobiographical novel about the dangers of modern civilization in the early 1930s), The Hundred Days takes place in a much earlier era (1815) and much further west (France) than the rest of his works. ", "The novel is divided into four books, two told from Napoleon's perspective and two from the vantage point of the diminutive, freckled Imperial laundress Angelina Pietri, who happens to be utterly smitten with the Emperor.", "\n\nSo why did this Austrian writer, who was clearly fascinated by the dynamics surrounding the events leading up to and immediately following the First World War — including the collapse of the Austrian Empire, the rise of communism, the Weimar Republic, and Nazism — choose to write about Napoleon? ", "In a letter to his French translator, Blanche Gidon (whose translation of this book was published as Le Roman des Cent-Jours in 1937 by Éditions Bernard Grasset in Paris), Roth explained the motivation behind writing the novel. ", "He told her, with some degree of excitement, that he wished to chronicle the transformation of Napoleon from a god to man over the course of the hundred-day period of his return to power from exile on Elba in the spring of 1815. \"", "I would like to make a humble man out of a grand one,\" he wrote in November 1934. ", "He was interested in the idea of the great Napoleon as someone who has, for the first time in his life, become truly small: \"This is what attracts me.\"", "\n\nBesides the attraction of the topic itself, Roth was likely happy for the chance to set one of his novels in Paris. ", "His love affair with the city began in 1925, when he was assigned to Paris as a foreign correspondent for the Frankfurter Zeitung. ", "Flight Without End (1927) is partly set in Paris, and the city also plays a role in the book that followed The Hundred Days, Confession of a Murderer. ", "The essays Roth wrote while in France have been published as Report from a Parisian Paradise. ", "Roth said in a mid-1930s interview: \"The only thing I love after my 'lost Vienna' is Paris. ", "I love my Latin Quarter, my Hotel Foyot . . .\"", "\n\nAt the time of its first English-language publication, the critics' reception of The Hundred Days was lukewarm. ", "The Daily Independent called Roth's Napoleon \"much too benevolent,\" but in the end proclaimed the book still \"a fine piece of work.\" ", "The New Statesman and Nation cited \"long passages of literary dithyramb\" and opined that The Hundred Days was a \"prose-poem dressed as a novel.\" ", "The Sunday Times said it lacked realism, while the Observer called Roth's attempt at dealing with the subject matter \"an impossible task\" and \"an inevitable failure.\" ", "On the other hand, the Gloucester Journal called it \"enlightening\" and \"moving.\" ", "Across the Atlantic, while acknowledging Roth's fine abilities as a writer, the New York Times stated that the story lacked reality, charm, passion, and warmth. ", "Evidence indicates that Roth himself may have been somewhat disappointed in the way his book turned out. ", "In any case, its initial reception may in part have been the reason why The Hundred Days remained unavailable in English for so long.", "\n\nBut, like The Antichrist, the other Roth work that had until recently remained out of print in English and had had mixed reviews at the time of its debut, The Hundred Days comes across differently today than it would have in the mid-1930s, that turbulent time when Hitler rose to power and readers may not have been very receptive to a pathos-filled story about a dictator's fall.", "\n\nAs is usual in his work, Roth expertly employs atmospheric details to convey mood. ", "The somber and stultifying library where the Emperor says farewell to his mother; the Imperial room where Angelina waits, with its heavy green curtain; the cramped flat of the cobbler Jan Wokurka; the many shimmering dawns and starlit evenings — these are practically characters in themselves, invested with personality and emotional weight. ", "Roth remarked that he was often \"haunted by a place, by an atmosphere.\"", "\n\nRoth expends great effort trying to convince the reader of Napoleon's constantly fluctuating mental state over the course of his final days in power. ", "In the two sections of The Hundred Days told from the Emperor's perspective, Napoleon at turns loves and despises the French people, and throughout the book has similar and frequent changes of attitude toward his family, his ministers, power, war, God and the Church, and life in general. \"", "I no longer believe in all those things in which I used to have faith — in force, might, and success,\" he tells his brother when he is ready to abdicate. ", "Yet, once he discovers that the enemy has arrived at Paris he dictates a letter to his adjutant, to be dispatched at once: \"You may now look upon your Emperor as your General and call upon my services as someone inspired solely by a desire to be useful to his country.\" ", "Moments later, however, the Emperor is filled with unhappiness and regret at the letter he has just dispatched.", "\n\nBoth Napoleon and Angelina struggle to find religion, with limited success. ", "They, like Roth characters in other novels, are prone to believe more generally in fate (in this case represented by the stars in the heavens and the fortune-telling cards of Angelina's aunt) than they are in God and the Church specifically.", "\n\nThe one being worshipped in The Hundred Days is not God but Napoleon himself. ", "The Emperor is buffeted by cries of \"Long live the Emperor!\" ", "throughout the book (in fact, fifty-two times), cries which vary in their veracity and meaning.", "\n\nDespite the frenzied noise of devotion, it is often the moments of silence that carry the most emotional weight. ", "One of the most poignant scenes in The Hundred Days takes place on the battlefield at Waterloo, when the Emperor's soldiers are flying silently past him in retreat, no longer offering any cries of solidarity, passing like the scattering ghosts of the dead soldiers.", "\n\nHad Roth's novel been told strictly from Napoleon's viewpoint, it would have been a far less interesting book. ", "Remaining inside the Emperor's head for the entire book would perhaps have been overwhelming, and the introduction of Angelina Pietri into the story provides a welcome, rich, and multi-dimensional fullness to the tale. ", "Young Angelina comes to France from her native Corsica and immediately goes to stay with her aunt, who is the First Laundress (and occasional fortune-telling card-reader for the Emperor) at the imperial palace. ", "Over the course of several years and a few brief moments with the Emperor, Angelina's devotion to him does not waver: \"Her heart commanded her to remain close to his gracious presence, lowly and ignored as she was.\" ", "She eventually comes to realize that much of her life has been lived within the Emperor's great shadow, and all the major events — including her unpleasant relationship with a colossal sergeant-major, the birth of a son and his eventual death on the Emperor's battlefield — have in one way or another stemmed from Napoleon. ", "It seems the powerful Emperor and the powerless Angelina are both caught up in their own misfortune by relentless fate.", "\n\nThe most sympathetic character in The Hundred Days is neither Napoleon nor Angelina, but the kindly and patient one-legged Polish cobbler Anton Wokurka, with whom Angelina takes up residence once the Emperor is exiled in 1814 and her aunt flees the palace. ", "Wokurka (who is referred to as both Jan and Anton in the German version) was originally slated to play a much more central role in the book; among Roth's manuscripts was a typed, seven-page unpublished preface to The Hundred Days in which Roth introduces the Anton Wokurka character as a friend of his grandfather's. ", "Roth explains that he met this cobbler, a good twenty years older than Roth's grandfather (himself seventy-three years old), as a young boy. ", "The white-bearded, bald-headed, pipe-smoking Wokurka, a veteran of Napoleon's great campaigns who lost a leg in his service, lived in a room decorated with pictures of the Emperor and his battles and palaces as well as a framed commendation from days of yore. ", "Every year young Roth was sure to spend time with this interesting old man while visiting his grandfather's village. ", "When the Roths' vacation was over, Wokurka would say: \"Good-bye. ", "See you in a year, punctually!\" ", "On one particular visit Wokurka asks Joseph if he has learned much about Napoleon. ", "Joseph answers that he has and that the storybooks he has read either depict Napoleon as very evil or very noble: \"I think they are all lies,\" he says. ", "Wokurka says that Joseph is right and that if the boy is patient he will recount for the him the true story of Napoleon's one hundred days. \"", "I knew the Emperor . . . ", "and if you are curious, I can tell you an instructive story . . . ", "but I will need a long time.\" ", "So Joseph visits Wokurka every morning at 9 a.m. over the course of four days. ", "Thus Wokurka tells Joseph the tale of the Emperor's last days in power, as the boy listens, entranced: \"There sat Wokurka, a soldier of the Emperor, and it was as if he was already speaking from the grave. ", "It was as if I myself sat in the crypt in which Wokurka lay buried . . .\" ", "Years later the sound of Wokurka's voice still rings in Roth's head, and he realizes he should share the Emperor's tale with the world, despite feeling woefully inadequate to recapture the great storytelling of the \"splendid\" Wokurka.", "\n\nIn 1934 and 1935, as he was writing The Hundred Days, Roth was consumed by work, sometimes even writing for twelve or fourteen hours a day. \"", "It [writing] is truly my Waterloo,\" he explained in February 1935, referring to himself as \"old and miserable Joseph Roth.\" ", "He worried constantly about his precarious finances — when he would be paid and how much he was owed. ", "Although several of his books met with substantial critical and commercial success, he was always in need of money. ", "He complained that the Nazis, after he left in 1933, had confiscated 30,000 marks of his. ", "Whatever level of comfort and success he had achieved during the German years, by 1934 Roth was desperate for money. ", "He described himself in one letter as depressed, buried under \"mountains of chagrin,\" and in another letter said: \"I work in a great anguish, a true panic.\" ", "Sick and full of misery over everything from financial troubles to the decline of civilization, the Roth of The Hundred Days — this fascinating book so unlike any of his other novels — was just forty years old, only four years away from his very premature, alcohol-induced death.", "\n\n* * *\n\nIn an interview for a French newspaper, Joseph Roth admitted that while writing his novels he was \"always haunted by a musical theme.\" ", "His writing style was all about rhythm. \"", "For me,\" he claimed, \"a good translation is that which renders the rhythm of my language. ", "For me, a good translation is neither about the anecdotal contents nor the sentimental contents, it is about the rhythm.\" ", "I have tried my best to preserve the rhythm of Roth's writing, being mindful of how the differences between German and English syntax occasionally make it a challenge to achieve the precise effect toward which Roth was striving. ", "Roth's manuscript featured heavy usage of exclamation marks. ", "I have eliminated some of the most flagrantly unnecessary, but kept the great majority to be true to the spirit of the original, which is quite emphatic by virtue of Napoleon's larger-than-life personality.", "\n\nI would like to thank Barbara Epler, Peter Owen, Antonia Owen, and Simon Smith for their belief in this project. ", "Thanks also to the Leo Baeck Institute — the Joseph Roth Collection there is invaluable to scholars — and in particular the resources pertaining to Die Hundert Tage, the typescript manuscript (AR 1764; series 2, subseries 1, box 1, folder 36) and contemporaneous reviews (AR 1764; series 2, subseries 4, box 2, folder 82).", "\n\nRichard Panchyk \n2014\nTranslation copyright © Richard Panchyk 2011\n\nIntroduction copyright © Richard Panchyk 2011\n\nOriginally published in German as _Die Hundert Tage_ by Verlag Allert \nde Lange, in 1935.", "\n\nAll rights reserved. ", "Except for brief passages quoted in a newspaper, magazine, radio, television, or website review, no part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the Publisher.", "\n\nFirst published in cloth by New Directions in 2014\n\nDesign by Erik Rieselbach\n\n_The Library of Congress has cataloged the printed edition as follows:_\n\nRoth, Joseph, 1894–1939.", "\n\n[Hundert tage. ", "English]\n\nThe hundred days / Joseph Roth ; translated from the German \nby Richard Panchyk.", "\n\npages cm\n\nThis edition previously published: London ; Chicago : Peter Owen, 2011.", "\n\nISBN 978-0-8112-2278-5\n\nISBN 978-0-8112-2279-2 (e-book)\n\n1. ", "Napoleon I, Emperor of the French, 1769–1821—Fiction. ", " \nI. Panchyk, Richard, translator. ", "II. ", "Title.", "\n\nPT2635.O84H813 2014\n\n833'.912—dc23 2014015141\n\nNew Directions Books are published for James Laughlin\n\nby New Directions Publishing Corporation\n\n80 Eighth Avenue, New York 10011\nAlso by Joseph Roth\n\nFICTION\n\nThe Collected Shorter Fiction of Joseph Roth\n\nRebellion\n\nThe String of Pearls (The Tale of the 1002nd Night)\n\nRight and Left\n\nThe Legend of the Holy Drinker\n\nJob: The Story of a Simple Man\n\nConfession of a Murderer\n\nThe Radetzky March\n\nFlight Without End\n\nThe Silent Prophet\n\nHotel Savoy\n\nTarabas\n\nThe Antichrist\n\nWeights and Measures\n\nZipper and His Father\n\nThe Spider's Web\n\nThe Leviathan\n\nThe Emperor's Tomb\n\nNONFICTION\n\nReport from a Parisian Paradise: Essays from France, 1925–1939\n\nThe Wandering Jews\n\nWhat I Saw: Reports from Berlin, 1920–1933\n\nJoseph Roth: A Life in Letters\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Books3" }

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[ "The present invention relates to a tray for transporting products and the method for its manufacturing, the tray being formed from at least one sheet of cardboard or a similar material, previously die-cut and with fold-lines defining the bottom and the sides of the tray.", "\nAt the moment different types of cardboard trays are known for the transportation of products. ", "These well-known trays are formed from a die-cut sheet and are provided with fold-lines that define the bottom and the sides of the tray.", "\nTo be able to stack the trays, these trays present columns of polygonal, usually triangular, cross section, at their corners that keep them straightened in work position. ", "These columns are usually formed starting from a headwall that adheres to the smaller sides of the tray.", "\nThese well-known trays have the main drawback that they occupy a considerable amount of space when they are transported empty.", "\nTo solve this problem the tray described in the utility model no. ", "ES-U9201875 was devised, whose common features with the tray of the present invention are pointed out in the preamble of claim 1. ", "This tray comprises a triangular column at each one of its corners and a reinforcement plate that is introduced in each one of these columns. ", "It was thus possible to have a tray that could be transported folded, occupying a very small volume, and had sufficient rigidity to stack one box on top of another by fitting the reinforcement plate.", "\nHowever, this tray presents the drawback that the reinforcing plate is not sufficient to support heavy weights. ", "It also has the drawback that the tray has a given capacity, with no possibility of increasing it.", "\nFurthermore, the methods for manufacturing this type of tray are carried out by shaping and gluing the parts of the tray in folded position, which has the drawback that said gluing is not very precise and has a width limit.", "\nEP-A-0 076 883 discloses a blank of foldable sheet material, for erection into a container, which comprises a generally rectangular central portion for forming the base of the container and the panels hingedly connected along at least three edges of the central portion for erection to form side walls of the container, at least one of the panels being provided with a flap having at least one fold line which extends substantially parallel to the hinge, whereby the flap may be folded to form a load-bearing corner strut which can be located within the base of the container, when the container is erected.", "\nGB-A-91044 discloses a tray for soft fruit, formed from a sheet of cardboard, previously die-cut and with fold-lines that define the bottom and the sides of the tray, with each one of the corners of same comprising a column of triangular cross section into which a reinforcing element of triangular cross section is inserted. ", "One of the sides of the triangle defined in the columns has a double layer.", "\nWith the tray and the method of the invention the aforesaid drawbacks are solved, while other advantages are presented that will be described below.", "\nThe tray for the transportation of products of the invention is characterised in that said reinforcing element has a cross section equivalent to the cross section of the column, so that said reinforcing element fits inside the column.", "\nThanks to this characteristic a tray is provided that may be transported folded, occupying a small space and capable, moreover, of withstanding considerable weights by placing the reinforcing element in the columns.", "\nAdvantageously, the reinforcing element is formed from a sheet, with this sheet folded so that one of its sides is in contact with one of the vertexes of the polygon defined by the cross section of the reinforcing element.", "\nAccording to a first embodiment, the height of the reinforcing element is substantially the same as the height of the column.", "\nAccording to an alternative embodiment, the height of the reinforcing element is greater than the height of the column. ", "It is thus easy to increase the capacity of the tray of the invention by increasing the height of the reinforcing element.", "\nAlso advantageously, each reinforcing element comprises at least one projection on its upper part that fits into a complementary cavity in the lower part of the reinforcing element when the trays are stacked, preventing the displacement of one tray with respect to another both longitudinally and transversally.", "\nPreferably, each one of the columns includes at least one projection on its upper part that fits into a complementary cavity provided in the lower part of the tray when the trays are stacked.", "\nAccording to a preferred embodiment, the reinforcing element comprises a double layer on each one of its sides.", "\nAlso according to a preferred embodiment, the reinforcing element includes three projections on its upper part, which fit into complementary cavities provided in the lower part of the reinforcing element when the trays are stacked.", "\nPreferably, two opposing sides of the tray each include a pair of tabs which are inserted between the column and the reinforcing element. ", "These tabs further reinforce the tray of the invention, since they prevent the ungluing of the smaller sides or headwalls. ", "This feature is especially important because these trays are designed to transport considerable weights. ", "It has been shown that without these tabs, the headwalls may be unglued, causing the break of the tray when the trays are transported individually.", "\nAlso preferably, the tray of the invention comprises prolongations on the sides of the tray that reinforce the column with an additional layer.", "\nAccording to an alternative embodiment, the columns extend towards two opposite sides of the tray, reinforcing said opposite sides with a double additional layer.", "\nThe present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing trays for transporting products starting with at least one sheet of cardboard or similar material, characterised in that it includes the following stages:\ndie-cutting of said cardboard sheet;\nformation of fold-lines on said sheet, defining a pair of side walls and a pair of headwalls and a column at each of the corners of the ready-formed tray;\ngluing of the columns;\nshaping the columns;\ngluing the side walls and the headwalls;\nfolding the side walls and the headwalls;\ngluing of the external part of the columns which will be in contact with the headwalls;\nplacing the side walls in vertical position;\nplacing a body inside the columns;\npressing the headwalls against the columns;\nplacing the reinforcing elements in unfolded position on the bottom of the tray;\nfolding the ready-shaped tray into its transporting position.", "\nThis method affords considerable precision in the gluing of all the parts of the tray, since the shaping is carried out in the definitive position and not in the folded position, as are currently manufactured all trays formed from cardboard sheets.", "\nThe method of the invention also permits the manufacturing of trays with no thickness limit. ", "This is due to the shaping being carried out in their definitive position.", "\nPreferably, after pressing the headwalls against the columns some tabs inserted between the column and the reinforcing element are folded inside the columns, and these will be inserted between the column and the reinforcing element in its definitive position.", "\nIf desired, before the gluing the zone to be glued can be treated, preferably by heating that zone, which will facilitate adhesion of the glue." ]

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[ "6 Reasons Why Winter Park is The Coolest Autocross of The Year!", "\n\nMaking lists seems to be all the rage for those trendy online sites like buzzfeed that try to monetize on your every mouse click. ", "So, here is my contribution to being trendy in autocross form… at least my attempt at trendiness…\n\nWinter Park Colorado is about 45 minutes north of Idaho Springs on state route 40 just a few miles after crossing the continental divide at Berthoud Pass. ", "The Vintage hotel has been kind enough to let us use their large overflow lot to stage our mountain event.", "\n\n1. ", "The best mountian road, IN THE WORLD.", "\n\nOK, so it might not be on the same level as the Stevlio Pass & worth of a Top Gear special, but this is a proper mountain road. ", "Crank up the mountain (at prescribed speeds of course) on the way in, or check the size of your plumbs by dropping the car in neutral and carve down the other side of the continental divide.", "\n\n3. ", "Lots o’ runs\n\nLouis Rodriguez put on a show in his 1981 320i, the undisputed “king of lean!” ", "With 12-14 runs this event, he was able to wow the crowd far more frequently than at normal events.", "\n\n4. ", "Ride a gondola into town for lunch. ", "A gondola!", "\n\nNo need to brown bag it at this event- a short and scenic gondola ride into town gave us access to a variety of local cuisine. ", "Quick too, the restaurant staff that waited on our group of 12 had us seated, fed and on our way in less than an hour!", "\n\n5. ", "Undeniably beautiful scenery.", "\n\nWith the continental divide looming in the background, this is one of the nicest looking venues available. ", "Winter Park is the postcard image tourist imagine when they ponder what Colorado is like.", "\n\n6. ", "Course elevation changes.", "\n\nThe lot is far from flat, and Chris Mayfield the course designer made sure to incorporate the elevation changes to challenge drivers. ", "With nearly 25ft height difference between the beginning and the end of the slalom, finding a good rhythm without overcooking the accelerator pedal was a major challenge throughout the day.", "\n\nFinally, a special thank you to Geoff.", "\n\nGeoff was kind enough to offer his very expensive, VERY nice lens for the day to capture these photo’s. ", "Pro photographers always mention how the lens is the most important piece of equipment, far more important than the camera itself. ", "I learned first hand what the pro’s are talking about after one look through Geoff’s awesome equipment!", "\n\nTo view the complete photo set, click HERE!", "\nTo sign up for Autocross #4, click HERE!" ]

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[ "To study comprehensively a primary system of communication in a large-brained mammalian species other than man. ", "It is proposed that the various talents of an interdisciplinary group, largely assembled already, be brought to bear on this problem. ", "The objective has been narrowed to focus upon acoustic communication; the Atlantic bottlenosed dolphin is proposed as the subject of choice as: (1) It lives primarily in an acoustic world. (", "2) It produces two types of sound, one of which, the whistle, is more subject to quantification than most mammalian sounds. ", "It is planned to study the narrow-band whistle emission of the dolphin in relation to the behavior of the animal and especially to make systematic correlations between these emissions and the physiological condition of the individual (such as age, sex, amount of stress, social encounters, etc.). ", "Natural and synthetic whistles will both be used in defining these factors." ]

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[ "Visual Type Identification © Victor Talanov, 2001.", "\n\n© Dmitri Lytov, translation from Russian, 2003.", "\n\n© Lev Kamensky, edition of the translation, 2004.", "\n\nDisclaimer: this article represents the author’s preliminary conclusions, and thus cannot be used as a type detection methodology.", "\n\nThe author's conclusions are based mostly on Ye.", "Filatova's series of type portraits published at our site. ", "Introduction Testing without questionnaires means that a psychologist “visually” detects all the four binary dimensions of the client: extroversion/introversion, intuition/sensation, logic/ethic, and rationality/irrationality. ", "This method certain cases gives more precise results than questioning in the following cases: when a client has low IQ or for some other reasons cannot give valid answers to the questionnaire; when a questionnaire is badly validated and does not have correcting scales (like e.g. Keirsey Temperament Sorter); when a client is below 13 and his self-understanding of his own behavior in typical situations is limited; when a client already has psychological backgrounds and is intended to distort the testing outcome. ", "One more natural case of application of visual type detection is also a situation when questioning is impossible at all (for example, when a psychologist needs to detect the type of another person, not being his client). ", "Extroversion vs. Introversion EXTROVERTS: open look, lively in communication, active and somewhat superficial curiosity (with no intention to go deeper into the subject), strive to grasp as much as possible, unconstrained gesticulation “from the shoulder on”, quick movements, tendency to dominate in talks and contacts. ", "During conversations extraverts express rather impressions about the things they've seen than evaluate them. ", "INTROVERTS: looking “from inside a shell”, alert, reserved behavior and submission in contacts, slowly awaking curiosity (and tendency to deepen into the discussed topic), reserved gesticulation \"from the elbow \". ", "They express rather attitudes than facts (I like or dislike; it is normal or abnormal etc.). ", "Filatova proposed a simple test: ask a person to write several sentences expressing associations with such words as “city”, “house”, “lake”. ", "An Extravert will try to make objective characteristics: city – straight streets, multistoried houses, gardens… An Introvert will make remarks like: I do not like a big city, because it is noisy and dirty – in other words, he will rather formulate his attitude. ", "Rationality vs. Irrationality (approx. ", "equal to Judging/Perceiving in MBTI) RATIONALS (dominant T or F): certain sharpness and distinction of well-coordinated movements, certain tension in their bearing (rigid spine). ", "Their gait is clear, motions sharp. ", "When he sits down, he keeps his back straight, rarely bends aside, even when he leans upon the chair back… A Rational person is punctual and is rarely late. ", "His speech does not contain cyclical repeats or excessive associative images, is unlikely to contain “Um” between phrases, during conversations they either do not gesticulate or their gestures appear later than the phrases “illustrated” by them. ", "Characteristic to Rationals, both Logical and Ethical, is their love of planning and hate for unexpected events. ", "A Rational knows for sure where he will spend his summer vacations in three months, what he will eat for supper and when he starts having supper. ", "An Irrational is either not sure or even does not want to limit himself with a schedule, but he feels at home in the flow of quickly changing and unexpected events. ", "The extreme case of rationality means ignoring the reality. ", "A very rational pupil can accurately solve a series of 20 arithmetic tasks and not mention that the half of them required multiplication instead of addition. ", "An extremely rational person is “abnormally normal” in his expressions: he judges not “what things are” but “what they must be” in his opinion. ", "This is why Rationals usually show increased lie rate in questionnaires (while being quite sure of their sincerity). ", "Rationality strengthens both T and F functions. ", "For this reason sometimes Rational F-types in practice may exhibit greater logic and business skills than some Irrational T-types. ", "IRRATIONALS (dominant S or N): their whole appearance seems “fluid”, loose, their body is easily bending, takes the shape of the arm-chair, sofa etc…; when they sit down – they lean upon the chair elbow-rests or back, and their own back may bend a lot. ", "Their gait is floating, rolling, soaring, their motions may make impression of being unexpected or badly coordinated. ", "When an Irrational stands, some parts of his body are moving “separately from the others” – hands, fingers, torso, or head. ", "It is difficult for an Irrational to keep his body in a steady position. ", "They do not like long meetings, reports or theater performances – during them they often want to “leave for a minute to have a cigarette”, fidget or take a nap. ", "Their speech is with cyclical repeats (when they complete a thought, it is as if they recall something and come back to what they already said), it is often either too slow (introverts) or tangled and \"stumbling\" (extraverts). ", "Compared to Rationals, it more often contains parasite words (\"here\", \"um\", \"like\", \"you know\" etc). ", "Their phrases lack verbs (this is especially characteristic to intuitive irrationals), are often preceded by \"Um\", or by hand gestures, as if they are catching something in the air – from aside it looks as if this person is trying to find the right verbal form for the image he has already created in his mind. ", "Irrationals like an abundance of sensory impressions, especially visual, and get tired of long talks. ", "Translator's note : the meaning of \"rationality—irrationality\" in colloquial language is somewhat different from the original Jung's (and socionic) understanding of this term. ", "The colloquial meaning of this word pair should be attributed rather to another dichotomy, logic-ethic (or T/F in the Myers-Briggs theory). ", "Although the J/P criterion in the Myers-Briggs theory resembles rationality-irrationality by its description, it's not the same. ", "As it was proved by Gregory Shulman, J/P is not dichotomy (i.e. it does not split the 16 socionic types into 2 equal parts). ", "It is a pseudo-dichotomy that represents two poles with multiple transitional options; in other words, one or two types in socionics may be called \"super-J\", and another one or two types \"super-P\", while other types tend more or less to one of these poles. ", "This explains, for example, why ENFP or ENFJ in socionics may both get scored ENFP according to MBTI, etc. ", "One more remark: according to I.Myers' hypothesis, rationals correcpond to EJ and IP, while irrationals to EP and IJ. ", "However, socionic statistics disproves her hypothesis and speaks rather in favor of identification of J/P with rationality/irrationality (although not 100%, as it was said above). ", "Logic vs. Ethic (or Thinking vs. Feeling in MBTI) LOGICAL: his face is contemplative; emotions are contrasting; his interests are related to objective reality. ", "Eyebrows are lower compared to the Ethical types and approach eyes. ", "Look is somewhat dull, \"without a glimmer\". ", "Sensing Logicians, though, may have a fixed and attentive look, but anyway it remains unlively and cold. ", "Dynamics of emotions are vaguely reflected on the face, but can manifest in voice modulations. ", "Very often Logic types make impression of being unflappable. ", "They pay attention to facts and possess great erudition. ", "Often they allow themselves unethical remarks, because “they do not want to hide the truth”. ", "Their speech, compared to the Ethical types, is more strict, “dry” and logically relevant. ", "They easily operate long complex or compound sentences. ", "Their speech often includes foreign words or special terminology. ", "ETHICAL: their faces are changeable, depending on their mood, exhibiting a spectrum of feelings and shades of emotions. ", "Their interest lies in people and their relationships; their own mood is depended on the mood of others. ", "They are touchy. ", "They often have a smile on their faces. ", "Eyebrows are often raised over their eyes, and even bent upwards. ", "The speech of an Ethical type seems to a Logician to be fragmentary, as if built on hints. ", "However, the \"hints\" of the Ethical types can be distinguished from the associations often used by Intuitive Logicians by lacking the “second associative layer\", their seeming incompletion is perceived by the Ethical type himself as total completion: he marked up an object with a certain emotionally colored word and thus gave it complete characteristics – why can't you understand then what I meant? ", "Speaking of somebody, an Ethical type makes estimations: “good”, “bad”; by contrast, a Logical type prefers to avoid personal estimations and instead of this to express only facts. ", "Sensation vs. Intuition SENSING: Sensors look well groomed, their clothes are selected with taste, fingernails are in order. ", "Women Sensors have perfect manicure and makeup. ", "Their gaze is focused and attentive, as though scanning the collocutor's eyes or the surrounding space. ", "Their interests in conversations are practical (career, money, purchasing a new TV, cottage, car etc.). ", "Sensors like to often call their partners and ask about the progress in their common activities – this is because they, unlike Intuitives, cannot replenish missing information by their imagination, and so strive for being always up on what's going on, to keep the situation under their control. ", "Their workplace is in satisfactory order, but sometimes contains things necessary only for “garnishing the place”. ", "In general, the Sensory function provides a person with sound egocentrism, practical thinking and relation to the necessities of the real life – and respectively, presence of such traits allows us to conclude that the person's a Sensor. ", "INTUITIVE: they are keen on ideas rather than practical needs, not “here-and-now” but rather abstract concepts. ", "Non-focused look (into infinity or somewhere above the partner, which is especially observable on photographic pictures) is characteristic to Intuitive types. ", "An Intuitive perceives general, large-scale, but does not perceive details. ", "In conversations tends to make generalizations. ", "Very often Intuitives are negligent in dress, their rooms are disorderly. ", "Their speech, compared with Sensors, is more associative-figurative, often with humor or irony, rich in adjectives and nouns, but poor in verbs. ", "Filatova proposed a simple test: show a picture containing many details for about 10 seconds. ", "A Sensor will then list almost all of them by heart. ", "An Intuitive will describe only general ones (subject, large-scale details), but won't mention “trifles”. ", "In addition to the markers of the 4 Jungian dichotomies (S/N, T/F etc.), ", "each of the 16 sociotypes has its own integral features manifesting in their behavior, look, body language, face shape, positioning of face wrinkles etc. ", "Literature (in parentheses – language and year of publication): Filatova Ye.", "S. Personality in the Mirror of Socionics (Russian, 2001). ", "Filatova Ye.", "S. Socionics in Portraits (Russian, 1996). ", "Talanov V.L., Malkina-Pykh I.G. Practical Psychologist’s Manual (Russian, 2002)." ]

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[ "Q:\n\nNot able to put space between search form and menu in css\n\nHere is my jsfiddle (without design)\nNot able to put space between the search form and menu.", "\nI need, as in the home link have some space before the menu.. the search form need to put some space after the menu.", "\n#search-ams {\n background: #FFF none repeat scroll 0% 0%;\n border: 1px solid #CACACA;\n width: 213px;\n height: 24px;\n float: right;\n padding: 0px;\n}\n\nI tried to put padding value.. but if I add padding-right:5px; .. search form moved down in the menu.", "\nCan anyone help me to fix this.", "\nThanks in advance.", "\n\nA:\n\nYou can simply use margin to space elements out: \n#search-ams {\n float: right;\n background: #FFF none repeat scroll 0% 0%;\n width: 213px;\n height: 24px;\n border: 1px solid #CACACA;\n margin-top: 20px;\n margin-right: 20px;\n} \n\nJSFiddle\n\n" ]

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[ "Gilberto Mestrinho\n\nGilberto Mestrinho de Medeiros Raposo (February 23, 1928 – July 19, 2009) was a Brazilian politician. ", "Mestrinho served as the Governor of the state of Amazonas on three separate occasions. ", " His first term as Governor was from 1959 until 1963. ", " His second term in office lasted from 1983 to 1987, while his third term as Governor of Amazonas extended from 1991 until 1995.", "\n\nMestrinho also served as the Mayor of Manaus from 1956 until 1958 and a Senator in the Brazilian Senate during his political career.", "\n\nGilberto Mestrinho died of lung cancer at the Hospital Prontocord in Manaus, Brazil, on July 19, 2009, at the age of 81. ", "He had been hospitalized for the preceding 15 days due to his deteriorating health. ", "Mestrinho was survived by his wife, Maria Emília Mestrinho, and nine children.", "\n\nSee also\n List of mayors of Manaus\n\nReferences\n\nCategory:1928 births\nCategory:2009 deaths\nCategory:Governors of Amazonas (Brazilian state)\nCategory:Brazilian Democratic Movement politicians\nCategory:Mayors of Manaus\nCategory:Members of the Federal Senate\nCategory:Deaths from lung cancer\nCategory:Deaths from cancer in Brazil" ]

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[ "Q:\n\nHow to put objects from an array as parameters for a method while parsing the array?", "\n\nI am new to Java and programming in general. ", "I am currently facing the following problem:\nI have an array of 5 objects. ", "2 of those 5 objects have a certain property and I want to send those 2 objects as parameters for a method. ", "Is there any possibility that, after parsing the array for items with that property, to put those items as parameters to the function without copying them to auxiliary variables?", "\n\nA:\n\nIf you don't know how many objects are going to meet your criteria, you wouldn't know how many need to be passed into a new function. ", "So, I would recommend that your function (if it doesn't already) accepts an ArrayList. ", "\nWhat you can do is loop through your array to find items that meet your criteria, and then add them to an ArrayList. ", "When you are done, you can pass that array list to your function. ", "Here is a code snippet, that assumes your array is String variables:\nArrayList<String> tmpList = new ArrayList<String>();\n\nfor(int i = 0; i < myArray.", "Length; i++){\n if(myArray[i].contains(\"Something.\"){ // ", "Use whatever criteria you need here.", "\n tmpList.", "Add(myArray[i]);\n }\n}\n\nmyFunction(tmpList);\n\nI think this is the best approach. ", "ArrayLists are unbounded, so you can add an unknown amount of items to it.", "\nFor example, you said in your question you have an array of 5 items, and 2 of them may need to be passed into the function. ", "If that was always the case, you could define an array of length 2 that stores these items, or you could design your function to have 2 inputs.", "\nBut what happens when you need to pass 3 items? ", "Your function might not be designed to accept 3 items. ", "Or, you've already defined an array as length 2, so you can't give it this third item. ", "If you use an ArrayList you will have this flexibility moving forward.", "\n\n" ]

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[ "Imperial Iranian Air Force Flight ULF48\n\nImperial Iranian Air Force Flight ULF48, was a military cargo flight from Tehran, Iran, to McGuire Air Force Base in the United States with a stopover in Madrid, Spain. ", "On May 9, 1976, the Boeing 747-131 freighter operating the flight crashed during its approach to Madrid, killing all 17 people on board.", "\n\nAircraft \n\nThe aircraft involved was a five-year-old Boeing 747-131 (serial number 19677 and line number 73) which made its first flight on September 15, 1970. ", "On September 26 the aircraft was delivered to Trans World Airlines (TWA) with registration N53111. ", "On October 15, 1975 the aircraft was returned to the Boeing factory in Wichita, Kansas. ", "It was converted into a freighter cargo model (747-131F), during which a large cargo door was added on the left side. ", "In October 1975, the aircraft was sold to the Imperial Iranian Air Force with serial number 5-283. ", "The IIAF received the aircraft on November 1. ", "The aircraft was powered by four Pratt & Whitney JT9D-3B turbofan engines..\n\nThe aircraft's last maintenance check was performed by the Iranian Air Force on May 4, 1976, after which it flew for 16 more hours. ", "During the subsequent investigation, it would be determined that American specialists were unaware of the check's results..\n\nAccident \nFlight ULF48 took off from Mehrabad airport in Tehran at 08:20 GMT bound for New Jersey, via Madrid. ", "There were 10 crew members and seven passengers on board, The aircraft climbed to flight level FL330 . ", "At take off, the aircraft's weight , including of fuel. ", "The fuel was a mixture of type JP-4 and Jet-A. The aircraft's weight and centering were within the required limits.", "\n\nAt 14:15 Flight ULF48 contacted the Madrid Air Route Traffic Control Center in Madrid and reported that the estimated landing time would be 14:40. ", "At 14:19 pm the Madrid ARTCC controller told the flight that they were identified on the radar screens and cleared the flight to descend to the CPL VOR via the Castejon radio beacon. ", "At 14:22, the crew received the weather conditions at the airport, and at 14:25, was cleared to descend to FL100. ", "The crew acknowledged, saying that they were leaving FL270 . ", "A cyclone had passed over Spain earlier in the day, along with strong thunderstorms. ", "However, the visibility was good, and no dangerous weather alerts were issued by the weather service. ", "At 14:30, the crew diverted to the left of the route due to bad weather. ", "At 14:32, the Madrid ARTCC controller cleared the flight to descend to } and contact Madrid approach. ", "At 14:33, the crew contacted Madrid approach and reported more bad weather ahead, subsequently requesting to deviate away from it. ", "The approach controller reported that he had established radar contact, and then asked the crew to confirm their instructions. ", "The crew confirmed, and reported passing the Castejon radio beacon. ", "The controller instructed to maintain a 260° heading. ", "The crew acknowledged the transmission and reported their descent to . ", "This was the last transmission from Flight ULF48..\n\nAt the same time. ", "south of Valdemoro locals noticed the aircraft flying at around heading approx 220°. ", "The crew was aware that they were flying into poor weather conditions, but none of them expressed any concern until 14:34, when a crew member said, \"We're in the soup!\" ", "Three seconds later, two witnesses on the ground reported seeing lightning strike the aircraft, followed by an explosion on the left wing near engine #1 (outer left). ", "The left wing exploded into three large parts, and then disintegrated into 15 fragments. ", "At this time the Flight Data Recorder stopped recording (which was determined in the subsequent investigation).. The Cockpit Voice Recorder continued recording. ", "The autopilot disconnect warning was heard, indicating the shutdown of the autopilot. ", "Unaware of the loss of the left wing, the crew tried to regain control of the crippled aircraft, however control was lost. ", "The out of control aircraft dove rapidly and it crashed onto a farm at a height 3000 feet (900 meters) above sea level at 14:35 (15:35 local time), 54 seconds after the moment of the lightning strike. ", "All 17 people on board were killed and the aircraft was destroyed.", "\n\nInvestigation \nThe United States National Transportation Safety Board investigated the accident:-\n\nIt was established that a bolt of lightning struck the fuselage near the cockpit and exited the left wing's static discharger located at the wingtip. ", "This created a spark in the fuel tank number 1, which contained fuel, igniting fuel vapour in the tank. ", "The blast wave, at more than , from the fuel vapour ignition caused the tank walls to collapse. ", "It is most likely that the ignition spark penetrated the fuel tank due to an open circuit in a fuel valve wiring. ", "The explosion led to part of the wing trim separating and damage to the side members, as a result of which the air flow deteriorated sharply and the wings began to bend strongly. ", "As the flight was passing through an area of turbulence at high speed, the wing experienced major mechanical stress. ", "The entire left wing separated just seconds later..\n\nThe NTSB could not determine if the wing separated from the explosion or the stress.", "\n\nIn popular culture \nIn the 1990 film, Die Hard 2, a Boeing 747-100 freighter aircraft (registration N473EV), carrying terrorists who are trying to escape, is destroyed by an explosion of a fuel tank in the left wing. ", "In this case, the aircraft belonged to Evergreen International Airlines, which has a similar livery of the Iranian Air Force.", "\n\nSee also \n Similar accidents\nTWA Flight 891 – lightning strike\nPan Am Flight 214 – lightning strike and fuel tank explosion\nLANSA Flight 508 – lightning strike\nTWA Flight 800 – fuel tank explosion\n\nNotes and References\n\nNotes\n\nReferences \n\nCategory:Airliner accidents and incidents caused by lightning strikes\nCategory:Accidents and incidents involving the Boeing 747\nCategory:Aviation accidents and incidents in Spain\nCategory:Aviation accidents and incidents in 1983\nCategory:Airliner accidents and incidents involving in-flight explosions\nCategory:1976 meteorology\nCategory:1976 in Spain\nCategory:May 1976 events in Europe\nCategory:History of Madrid\nCategory:Pages with unreviewed translations\nCategory:1970s in Madrid" ]

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[ "Now Open: Steven Alan Home Shop\n\nOur Home Shop is now open at 158 Franklin Street! ", "We worked with Greg Buntain and Ian Collings of Fort Standard to transform our old office space, and brought in items from Steven and our staff’s favorite vendors, from cookware to frozen foods. ", "We also collaborated with local furniture designer Jason Pickens on a small line of made-to-order sofas, and created a collection of glassware in collaboration with Brooklyn Glass. ", "More info here, and stay tuned for product highlights and interviews with our vendors in the coming weeks." ]

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[ "Q:\n\nHow to re-initialize layer weights of an existing model in Keras?", "\n\nThe actual problem is generating random layer weights for an existing (already built) model in Keras. ", "There are some solutions using Numpy [2] but it is not good to choice that solutions. ", "Because, in Keras, there are special initializers using different distributions for each layer type. ", "When Numpy is used instead of the initializers, the generated weights have different distribution then its original. ", "Let's give an example:\nSecond layer of my model is a convolutional (1D) layer and its initializer is GlorotUniform [1]. ", "If you generate random weights using Numpy, the distribution of generated weights will not be the GlorotUniform.", "\nI have a solution for this problem but it has some problems. ", "Here is what I have:\ndef set_random_weights(self, tokenizer, config):\n temp_model = build_model(tokenizer, config)\n self.model.set_weights(temp_model.get_weights())\n\nI am building the existing model. ", "After the building process, weights of the model are re-initialized. ", "Then I get the re-initalized weights and set them to another model. ", "Building model to generate new weights has redundant processes. ", "So, I need a new solution without building a model and Numpy.", "\n\nhttps://keras.io/initializers/\nhttps://www.codementor.io/nitinsurya/how-to-re-initialize-keras-model-weights-et41zre2g\n\nA:\n\nSee previous answers to this question here.", "\nSpecifically, if you want to use the original weights initializer of a Keras layer, you can do the following:\nimport tensorflow as tf\nimport keras.backend as K\n\ndef init_layer(layer):\n session = K.get_session()\n weights_initializer = tf.variables_initializer(layer.weights)\n session.run(weights_initializer)\n\nlayer = model.get_layer('conv2d_1')\ninit_layer(layer)\n\n" ]

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[ "Q:\n\nindexx() Numerical Recipes (C) index sorting algorithm weirdly ignoring first two elements\n\nI am trying to use the indexx() algorithm from Numerical Recipes (NR) in C and have found a very strange bug. ", "\n(NR is publicly available here: http://www2.units.it/ipl/students_area/imm2/files/Numerical_Recipes.pdf page 338, section 8.4)\nThe function should output an array of indices that correspond to elements of the input array of floats, sorted from low to high.", "\nBelow is a minimal working example, showing that the algorithm appears to ignore the first two elements. ", "The output array first two elements are always 0 followed by the length of the array (9 in this example). ", "The remaining elements appear to be sorted correctly. ", "\nOh and I tried to ask on the NR forums but have been waiting a long time for my account to be activated... Many thanks in advance!", "\n[Edited array names]\n#include \"nr_c/nr.h\"\n\n#include <stdio.h>\n#include <stdlib.h>\n\nint main()\n{\n float unsorted[9] = {4., ", "5., ", "2., ", "6., ", "3., ", "8., ", "1., ", "9., ", "7.};", "\n long unsigned int sort[9];\n\n printf(\"Unsorted input array:\\n\");\n for (int i=0; i<9; i++) {\n printf(\"%.1f \", unsorted[i]);\n }\n printf(\"\\n\\n\");\n\n indexx(9, unsorted, sort);\n\n printf(\"Indexx output array:\\n\");\n for (int i=0; i<9; i++) {\n printf(\"%d \", sort[i]);\n }\n printf(\"\\n\\n\");\n\n printf(\"Should-be-sorted array:\\n\");\n for (int i=0; i<9; i++) {\n printf(\"%.1f \", unsorted[sort[i]]);\n }\n printf(\"\\n\\n\");\n\n return 0;\n}\n\nOutput:\nUnsorted input array:\n4.0 5.0 2.0 6.0 3.0 8.0 1.0 9.0 7.0 \n\nIndexx output array:\n0 9 6 2 4 1 3 8 5 \n\nShould-be-sorted array:\n4.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 \n\nA:\n\nThe Numerical Recipes C code uses 1-based indexing. (", "because of its FORTRAN origin, the first version was written in FORTRAN, and fortran uses 1-based indexing for arrays and matrices. ", "The C version was probably based on the output of f2c ...) \nIn the original code in the question, the indexx() function ignores the first element of both the unsorted[] and sort[] arrays. ", "Plus: it accesses one beyond the arrays's last elements (resulting in UB)\nAs a result, both 0 and 9 are present in the index-array. (", "the initial 0 is in fact uninitialised memory, but it has not been touched by the indexx() function)\n\nIf my hypothesis is correct, the following should work:\n\n#include \"nr_c/nr.h\"\n\n#include <stdio.h>\n#include <stdlib.h>\n\nint main()\n{\n float unsorted[9] = {4., ", "5., ", "2., ", "6., ", "3., ", "8., ", "1., ", "9., ", "7.};", "\n long unsigned int sort[9];\n\n printf(\"Unsorted input array:\\n\");\n for (int i=0; i<9; i++) {\n printf(\"%.1f \", unsorted[i]);\n }\n printf(\"\\n\\n\");\n\n indexx(9, unsorted-1, sort-1); // <<-- HERE\n\n printf(\"Indexx output array:\\n\");\n for (int i=0; i<9; i++) {\n printf(\"%d \", sort[i]);\n }\n printf(\"\\n\\n\");\n\n printf(\"Should-be-sorted array:\\n\");\n for (int i=0; i<9; i++) {\n printf(\"%.1f \", unsorted[sort[i]-1]); // <<-- AND HERE\n }\n printf(\"\\n\\n\");\n\n return 0;\n}\n\nThe numerical recipes in C code assumes 1-based indexing: an N sized array has indexes 1..N. This was done to not confuse the mathematicians. (", "as a result, a whole generation of programmers has been confused) The alloccation functions are wrappers around malloc(), which cheat by returning a pointer to the the -1th member of the allocated space. ", "For a float vector this could be like:\n\n#include <stdlib.h>\n\nfloat * float_vector(unsigned size)\n{\nfloat * array;\narray = calloc( size, sizeof *array);\nif (!", "array) return NULL;\nreturn array -1;\n}\n\n" ]

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[ "Bcl-2 protein expression in mucoepidermoid carcinoma of salivary glands: a single institution experience.", "\nMucoepidermoid carcinoma is the most common salivary gland tumor with varying behavior among different histopathological grades. ", "The objective of this study was to determine the expression of Bcl-2 protein in mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) and to correlate with histological grades. ", "The records of 40 cases of MEC were collected from the histopathology department. ", "Fresh slides were prepared and fresh diagnoses were made using the grading criteria for MEC. ", "Immunohistochemical markers for Bcl-2 were applied and the results analyzed using the chi-square test. ", "Of 40 cases, 20 were males and 20 were females. ", "The range in age of the patients was 6 to 67 years mean (SD) was 42.6 (1.85) years. ", "Twenty-two were low grade (55%), 11 high grade (27.5%) and 7 (17.5%) were intermediate grade MEC. ", "Among these 40 cases, Bcl-2 expression was positive in 24 cases and negative in 16 cases. ", "In 22 cases of low-grade MEC, 19 were positive while only 3 were negative. ", "In high-grade tumors, all 11 cases were found to have a negative expression of Bcl-2 protein. ", "In intermediate-grade MEC, 5 cases showed positive expression while only 2 cases showed negative expression. ", "Bcl-2 protein expression showed positive expression in low-grade and negative expression in high-grade MEC. ", "Intermediate grade showed more than 50% positive results for Bcl-2. ", "Correlation between grades of MEC and expression of Bcl-2 is statistically significant and can be used for the depicting the prognosis of MEC along with other prognostic and clinico-pathological parameters." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

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[ "Southport Bathing Pavilion\n\nSouthport Bathing Pavilion is a heritage-listed changing rooms at Marine Parade, Southport, Gold Coast City, Queensland, Australia. ", "It was designed by Hall & Phillips and built in 1934 by A. Ledbury. ", "It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 13 January 1995.", "\n\nHistory \nThis single storeyed building was built in 1934 by the Southport Town Council, as a dressing and showering facility for bathers using the Broadwater. ", "The architects were Hall and Phillips and the contractor A. Ledbury, who built the pavilion at a cost of £1,195.", "\n\nThe pavilion was erected at an important stage of the development of the coastal regions of South East Queensland. ", "There was unprecedented growth in these areas as swimming and sun bathing became increasingly popular. ", "The majority of the population, by the late 1930s benefited from paid holiday leave, increasing their leisure time. ", "The councils of the various coastal regions were competing for holiday trade, beautification schemes and the provision of public facilities on the beach fronts were part of this attempt to attract the seasonal beach-goer.", "\n\nQueensland has a long history of sea-side resorts. ", "In the 1860s, Sandgate and to a lesser extent Cleveland were popular destinations for beach-goers. ", "With the introduction of the Sandgate railway in 1882 Sandgate's beaches became more accessible and Southport developed as an alternate coastal resort. ", "Logging began in the area in the late 1850s and settlement was opened in the mid 1870s with the first sales of land. ", "By the 1880s major Brisbane families favoured Southport as the premier seaside resort in south east Queensland. ", "Major schools, branches of banks and hotels were constructed, as Southport assumed the appearance of a fashionable nineteenth century resort. ", "Southport's distinction as a seaside resort is indicated by the Queensland Governor's maintaining a residence here from the 1890s. ", "The South Coast railway line, a rail extension from Beenleigh to Southport, was opened in 1889 making Southport more accessible from Brisbane.", "\n\nWith increased accessibility and popularity at beaches, the necessity for bathing controls was realised. ", "Bathing at the beach became increasingly prevalent in the late 19th century. ", "By 1906 Section 109 of the Local Government Act allowed individual local councils to control swimming and swim-wear, nominating standards for bathing costumes, segregating bathing and defining bathing areas.", "\n\nIn the first decades of the century councils permitted privately owned bathing sheds on the beaches, which provided immediate access to the water after changing. ", "In the 1920s, custom became more relaxed toward bathing in public. ", "Councils, realising the possible financial benefits from holiday makers provided firstly public dressing sheds and, later, bathing pavilions.", "\n\nDuring the thirties various councils of the coastal regions of south east Queensland such as Southport Town Council, Coolangatta Town Council and Nerang Shire Council on the south coast as well as Redcliffe Town Council and north coast councils, competed for holiday visitors. ", "Chambers of Commerce and Progress Committees urged the councils to develop and beautify foreshore areas, in an attempt to attract visitors. ", "As part of this process the Southport Town Council began a scheme to develop the Esplanade area, on which the Bathing Pavilion was to stand, as an recreational and entertainment area. ", "This scheme was similar to those introduced in New South Wales at Manly, Bondi Beach and Newcastle beaches in the late twenties and early thirties. ", "The development of the Esplanade included tree-planting schemes, the addition of various side-show amusements and the construction of a picture theatre on the Southport Pier.", "\n\nIt was as part of the scheme of beautification at Southport that two bathing pavilions were erected, the Main Beach Pavilion and the other smaller building, the Southport Bathing Pavilion on the Esplanade close to the Southport railway station. ", "As the buildings neared completion, the owners of private bathing boxes were given one month's notice to remove the structures. ", "The two new buildings were opened on the 20th December, 1934 by the Minister for Works, Mr Harry Bruce. ", "During a speech at the ceremony, mention was made of Southport being primarily dependent on visitors, and if something was not done for their comfort and convenience (Southport) would lose them. ", "A newspaper report described the design of the buildings as Spanish.", "\n\nBoth of the bathing pavilions were designed by the Brisbane architectural partnership, Hall and Phillips who were responsible for the design of many of Southport's public buildings including the Southport Council Chambers (1934), the Pier Theatre (1921), accommodation units (1928), service station (1929) and various business premises as well as the bathing pavilions and clubhouse for the Southport Surf Lifesaving Club (1936).", "\n\nSouthport gradually lost its prestige as the premier resort of the South Coast when the Jubilee Bridge across the Nerang River built in 1925 and new roads and improved transport made the southern beaches more accessible. ", "In the 1930s and 1940s, development of holiday apartments and hotels at Surfers Paradise increased the area's popularity, as did widescale promotion of the area. ", "The surfing revolution of the 1950s and 1960s, resulted in rapid development of the south coast particularly Surfers Paradise. ", "The three south coast councils amalgamated in 1949 to form the South Coast Council, later renamed the Gold Coast Council. ", "From the mid 1960s the region has experienced rapid commercial growth which has greatly altered the environment. ", "Five chains of land was resumed on the beach side of the in 1965. ", "As a result, the Southport Bathing Pavilion is marooned in a large park. ", "The resumption of land at the Esplanade, on Stradbroke Island and the Southport Spit has caused silt deposits in the Broadwater, making it unsuitable for bathing.", "\n\nFor some time the pavilion was no longer used as public dressing and showering sheds and the Council closed it to the public to use it for gardening and maintenance storage. ", "During 2008 - 2009, the bathing pavilion was refurbished and made available for community use. ", "By 2014 it was the temporary home of the Southport Amateur Fishing Club.", "\n\nDescription \n\nThe Southport Bathing Pavilion is a single storeyed masonry building rendered with roughcast stucco, that is prominently located on Marine Parade at Southport. ", "A brick and concrete structure with corrugated asbestos cement roof, it is flanked by two large established trees.", "\n\nThe Southport Bathing Pavilion demonstrates the influence of a Spanish Mission style of architecture particularly with the decorative parapeted gables, roughcast stucco render, entrance loggia, prominent roof with corrugated sheeting reminiscent of the cordova tile and arched openings.", "\n\nSymmetrically arranged the building is rectangular in plan with central projecting bays on the west and east elevation. ", "Decorative parapeted gables form the facade of the projecting bays. ", "The parapets conceal the gabled roof which abuts them.", "\n\nOn the west elevation, which faces Marine Parade, the decorative gable element features a loggia, consisting of an open porch with three round headed arches supported on two \"barley sugar\" twisted columns. ", "The arches feature prominent keystone and raised edge detailing. ", "Directly above the porch on the gable lettering spells \"BATHING PAVILION\", with a cartouche with the date of construction, 1934. ", "The edge of the stylised Baroque parapet has raised edge detailing which culminate in spiralled curves on the face of the gable. ", "There are three doorways from the loggia, one of which has an overhead window opening, now boarded. ", "The eastern elevation has a similar decorative parapeted gable housing six boarded window openings. ", "The surrounds of these windows are round headed arched recesses. ", "The skillion roofed wings on either side of the parapet element, previously fin walls forming entrances, are now infilled with weatherboard.", "\n\nThere are high level window openings with face brick sills on all sides of the wings. ", "Most of these windows are boarded or battened. ", "The north elevation has a large metal door allowing vehicular access to the building.", "\n\nThe interior of the pavilion has two large spaces, a small room, accessible only from the loggia and two small enclosures on the eastern wall facing the arched window openings. ", "The wall separating the original halves has been partially dismantled, as have sections of other walls around the entrances. ", "The entire space is open to the timber roof trusses and the underside of the roof sheeting. ", "The smaller rooms have individual ceilings immediately overhead, the space above which is open. ", "The floor is concrete and the internal walls are rendered brick.", "\n\nThere is evidence in the two small rooms on the eastern wall of plumbing fixtures. ", "The concrete floor in these spaces slopes toward an outside corner. ", "There are sections of an early towel peg rail and early timber bench seating around the external walls in both halves of the building. ", "Evidence in the concrete floor indicates the position of previous fittings.", "\n\nHeritage listing \nSouthport Bathing Pavilion was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 13 January 1995 having satisfied the following criteria.", "\n\nThe place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history.", "\n\nThe Southport Bathing Pavilion, erected in 1934, is one of a group of buildings pivotal in understanding the development of the Gold Coast as a beach resort and in reflecting a new culture associated with beach going. ", "It provides evidence of the former use and scope of the area known as the Esplanade and the surrounding beach.", "\n\nThe place demonstrates rare, uncommon or endangered aspects of Queensland's cultural heritage.", "\n\nIt is a now rare example of the built environment at the south coast from the 1930s.", "\n\nThe place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places.", "\n\nThe building is a good example of a Spanish Mission architectural influence and of the public work at Southport of the prominent architectural firm, Hall and Phillips.", "\n\nThe place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland's history.", "\n\nThe building is a good example of a Spanish Mission architectural influence and of the public work at Southport of the prominent architectural firm, Hall and Phillips.", "\n\nReferences\n\nAttribution\n\nExternal links \n\nCategory:Queensland Heritage Register\nCategory:Southport, Queensland\nCategory:Tourist infrastructure in Queensland\nCategory:1934 establishments in Australia\nCategory:Articles incorporating text from the Queensland Heritage Register" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)" }

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[ "GMOs: We Need to Know What’s In Our Food\n\nThis opinion piece originally ran in local newspapers around the country starting March 19. ", "You are free to repost to your own blog or Web site, or to submit to your own local newspaper, attributed to Andrew Korfhage, online editor at Green America.", "\n\nDo you care what’s in the food you eat?", "\n\nA quick look at the labels on the products lining your supermarket shelves suggests that most of us do. ", "Many products already bear labels proclaiming the number of calories, the grams of sugar, fiber, and fat, and other details for every serving. ", "Labels say whether the products we put in our bodies are sugar-free, kosher, organic, and more. ", "Shouldn’t we also know whether the food we’re eating is genetically modified?", "\n\nRight now, we can’t know for sure. ", "The FDA requires no labeling for produce grown from genetically modified seeds or for products made with genetically modified ingredients. ", "Yet some of the most common ingredients in processed food — like soy and corn — are almost always grown from genetically modified seeds.", "\n\nIn 2011, according to the USDA, 94 percent of the nation’s soy crop was genetically modified. ", "This newfangled soy appears in traditional products like tofu and soy sauce, as well in countless products containing the emulsifier lecithin, which is derived from soybean oil.", "\n\nEighty-eight percent of our corn was genetically modified last year, and a new version of modified sweet corn coming to market this summer could make it even more prevalent. ", "Trader Joe’s, Whole Foods, and several other supermarket chains have pledged not to stock it. ", "Consumer groups are urging Walmart and others to follow suit. ", "Currently, most modified corn winds up in animal feed or processed foods — including any product containing high-fructose corn syrup.", "\n\nThe Organic Consumers Association estimates that between 70 and 80 percent of the processed foods Americans eat contains genetically modified ingredients. ", "There are good reasons for consumers to want to avoid these unlabeled products.", "\n\nMany of us wish to avoid genetically modified food due to the environmental effects of the pesticides and herbicides sprayed on crops modified to withstand ever-higher doses. ", "Some of us see avoiding these newfangled foods as a human rights issue. ", "We stand in solidarity with farmers overseas who have gotten hooked on modified seeds but can’t afford the extra water, pesticides, or requisite replacement seeds that these crops require. ", "Genetically modified crops are programmed to yield seeds that can’t be planted to yield new crops. ", "This practice requires farmers to purchase the seeds again and again — usually from the agribusiness giant Monsanto.", "\n\nPlus, there are potential health risks. ", "Although scientists haven’t conclusively proven that genetically modified food endangers human health, many studies have linked these crops to various gastrointestinal, reproductive, and autoimmune disorders in animals.", "\n\nAn ABC News poll taken in 2011 found that an overwhelming majority of Americans want labels indicating whether the things we eat contain genetically modified food. ", "This is, after all, the norm in at Europe, Japan, and China.", "\n\nSo, what can you do?", "\n\nFirst, you can join the growing chorus of consumers demanding that the FDA require the same kind of labeling already required in at least 50 other countries. ", "A national petition campaign has garnered more than 900,000 signatures. ", "The organizers are shooting for 1 million by March 27, which would require the FDA to respond. ", "In fact, President Barack Obama vowed as a presidential candidate back in 2008 to institute this kind of labeling. ", "The JustLabelIt.org campaign simply asks him to keep that promise.", "\n\nMeanwhile, you can choose organic products to minimize exposure to genetically modified processed food, since U.S. law requires 100-percent organic products to be free from modified foods. ", "Read the price-look-up (PLU) stickers on loose produce to find out about their origins. ", "Produce labeling isn’t required, but if you see a sticker bearing a five-digit number beginning with an 8, that code means the item is genetically modified. ", "Modified corn and papaya are already available, as are some squashes. ", "Genetically modified apples that don’t brown when sliced may be next.", "\n\nYou can also join or start a state-level labeling initiative like those underway in California and Vermont.", "\n\nGenetically modified labels will help us make choices that not only protect our personal health, but also the well-being of our communities, our planet, and the livelihoods of farmers around the world. ", "It’s about time we found out what’s in our food.", "\n\nRelated\n\n2 Comments\n\nWhen earlier I read that GMO corn would be the first for direct human consumption, I assumed it meant other than through animal feed; I had not realized processed foods like lecithin were included. ", "I’ve certainly been eating more of it than I want to.", "\n\nI’ve read of people avoiding US foods in order to avoid GMOs–in conflict with buy local, of course. ", "Organic is one way around it, though not always available.", "\n\nMore and more the only way to ensure your food is safe is to grow it yourself. ", "Even then you can’t be sure your soil and water aren’t contaminating what you grow unless you spend the money on having those tested as well." ]

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[ "**Core tip:** The findings of this meta-analysis of one RCT and 27 case control studies on 5547 patients are consistent with the recently published ROLARR trial validating the feasibility and oncological safety of robotic total meso-rectal excision (RTME). ", "However, RTME failed to demonstrate any superiority over laparoscopic total meso-rectal excision except reduced conversion rate.", "\n\nINTRODUCTION\n============\n\nColorectal cancer has higher prevalence rate in the developed world and almost one third of cancers are diagnosed in the rectum\\[[@B1]-[@B4]\\]. ", "Total mesorectal excision (TME) performed either by open or laparoscopic technique is an accepted gold standard treatment of rectal cancer worldwide. ", "Laparoscopic TME (LTME) has apparent advantages and considered a preferred mode of surgery due to less tissue trauma\\[[@B5]-[@B11]\\]. ", "Due to precision in dissection, stable base unit and better visualization in difficult areas like lower pelvis, the robotic TME (RTME) is also considered a possible alternative to LTME\\[[@B12],[@B13]\\]. ", "RTME may potentially offer same advantages which LTME offers as reported in some studies. ", "There have been several previous systematic reviews\\[[@B14]-[@B21]\\] on LTME *vs* RTME; however, none since the ROLARR trial, a multi-centre randomised controlled trial comparing RTME to LTME, has published its results. ", "In addition, several new comparative studies have also been reported which require combined statistical evaluation to generate up to date and better evidence.", "\n\nOur study is an up to date meta-analysis of studies comparing RTME *vs* LTME including recently published ROLARR trial to be able to distinguish the potential advantages or disadvantages that robotics may play in the treatment of rectal cancer.", "\n\nMATERIALS AND METHODS\n=====================\n\nStudy suitability standards\n---------------------------\n\nFollowing are features of individual publications needed to qualify for inclusion in this systematic review as depicted in the following PICOS style: (1) Participants: Adult patients with histologically proven and MDT recommended resectable rectal cancer; (2) Intervention (Exposure): RTME; (3) Control: Patients with rectal cancer undergoing TME or rectal resection by laparoscopic approach; (4) Outcomes: Length of stay, operation time, blood loss, post-operative complications, mortality, positive circumferential resection margins, length of distal resection margins, lymph node harvesting, surgical site infections, time till first flatus, conversion rate, tumour recurrence and re-operation rate; (5) Study design: No restrictions were placed in study design. ", "However, published studies should have reported comparison between two arms, those are RTME *vs* LTME. ", "No studies were excluded based on the year of publication, publication centre, age or gender of the participants or publication language.", "\n\nElectronic resources for studies selection\n------------------------------------------\n\nFour databases: PubMed, Ovid EMBASE, SCOPUS, and Cochrane Library were searched to find target studies. ", "Four trial registries: ClinicalTrials.gov, European Clinical Trials Register, ISRCTN Register, and the International Clinical Trials Registry were examined. ", "The literature exploration was performed until March 2018.", "\n\nSearch terms\n------------\n\nFor PubMed, the search was run by means of using MeSH words and by utilizing advanced search choice. ", "The MeSH words \"rectal cancer\", AND (\"laparoscopic resection OR minimal invasive surgery resection OR robotic surgery resection OR total meso-rectal excision\") were used. ", "Furthermore, an advanced study exploration was done using the terms \"rectal resection\". ", "Ovid, EMBASE and SCOPUS were searched with the same search terms as the PubMed advanced search. ", "The Cochrane Library was searched using the term \"rectal cancer\". ", "Trial registries were all examined using the word \"rectal cancer\".", "\n\nStudy selection\n---------------\n\nTwo authors evaluated and studied initially titles and then abstracts, adding any curtained references into the Excel spreadsheet. ", "The duplicate articles were excluded. ", "Based upon the information given in the published abstracts, the initial decision of study inclusion or exclusion was made. ", "The published article of the potentially includable studies was then evaluated. ", "The conflicts about data, its accuracy and variability among extracting authors was sorted by agreement or by intercession of an experienced supervising consultant surgeon with had vast clinical and publication experience.", "\n\nData collection process\n-----------------------\n\nData was independently collected by two reviewers into the electronic data collection forms of the Microsoft Excel spread sheet. ", "The data items were agreed by the authors prior to commencing study selection. ", "The data pertaining to the analysable outcomes was extracted in addition to the study citation, ethics committee approval, study registration and study quality indicators for all types of comparative studies. ", "Once each author had completed data extraction, the data files were electronically compared and discrepancies in data entry were investigated and resolved.", "\n\nStatistical analysis\n--------------------\n\nThe comparative efficacy of robotic surgery and conventional laparoscopic surgery for rectal resection was directly matched and pooled for each outcome of interest if there were at least two studies for each comparison. ", "The odds ratio (OR) was estimated and pooled across studies using a random-effect model. ", "Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochrane Q test and *I*^2^ statistic. ", "The statistical analysis of the data was conducted according to the guidelines provided by the Cochrane Collaboration including the use of RevMan 5.3^®^ statistical software, and the use of forest plots for the graphical display of the combined outcomes\\[[@B22]-[@B28]\\].", "\n\nRESULTS\n=======\n\nCharacteristics of selected studies\n-----------------------------------\n\nA total of 294 studies were identified from Scopus and MEDLINE and other standard medical electronic databases. ", "Among them, 1 RCT and 27 non-randomized comparative (both retrospective and prospective case control) studies\\[[@B29]-[@B56]\\] published until March 2018, were eligible for inclusion. ", "The inclusion and exclusion pathway is described in PRISMA flow chart Figure [1](#F1){ref-type=\"fig\"}.", "\n\n{#F1}\n\nOperative outcomes\n------------------\n\nAll studies evaluated and reported the outcome of duration of operation. ", "The duration of operation was longer (SMD, 0.20; 95%CI: -0.11, 0.52; z = 1.28; *P* = 0.20; Figure [2](#F2){ref-type=\"fig\"}) in robotic surgery group, but with the clinical advantage of the reduced rate of conversion (OR, 0.40; 95%CI: 0.29, 0.55; z = 5.51; *P* = 0.00001; Figure [3](#F3){ref-type=\"fig\"}) to open surgery. ", "The reduced risk of conversion to laparotomy following RTME seems to be significantly advantageous in terms of the intensity of surgical trauma posed by laparotomy. ", "There was similar risk of blood loss (SMD, 0.09; 95%CI: -0.14, 0.33; z = 0.76; *P* = 0.45; Figure [4](#F4){ref-type=\"fig\"}) following both approaches of TME. ", "Clinical and methodological heterogeneity \\[Tau^2^ = 0.31, X^2^ = 367.50, df = 26, (*P* \\< 0.00001); *I*^2^ = 93%\\] was noted in trials which was the basis for the random effects model analysis leading to the above outcomes.", "\n\n{#F2}\n\n{#F3}\n\n{#F4}\n\nPost-operative outcomes\n-----------------------\n\nThe in-hospital stay (SMD, -0.15; 95%CI: -0.27, -0.03; z = 2.46; *P* = 0.01; Figure [5](#F5){ref-type=\"fig\"}) and time to first flatus (SMD, -0.48; 95%CI: -0.79, -0.18; z = 3.09; *P* = 0.002; Figure [6](#F6){ref-type=\"fig\"}) in patients undergoing RTME were shorter compared to LTME group. ", "However, the post-operative morbidity (OR, 0.92; 95%CI: 0.75, 01.12; z = 0.83; *P* = 0.40; Figure [7](#F7){ref-type=\"fig\"}), post-operative mortality (OR, 0.67; 95%CI: 0.28, 1.62; z = 0.89; *P* = 0.38; Figure [8](#F8){ref-type=\"fig\"}) and re-operation rate (OR, 0.76; 95%CI: 0.50, 1.16; z = 1.29; *P* = 0.20; Figure [9](#F9){ref-type=\"fig\"}) were statistically similar in both groups.", "\n\n{#F5}\n\n{#F6}\n\n{#F7}\n\n{#F8}\n\n{#F9}\n\nOncological outcomes\n--------------------\n\nOncological safety is one of the most important surgical outcomes for any new surgical intervention because positive circumferential resection margins are directly associated with overall survival and disease free survival in rectal cancer patients. ", "The risk of positive circumferential resection margins (OR, 0.91; 95%CI: 0.68, 1.22; z = 0.62; *P* = 0.53; Figure [10](#F10){ref-type=\"fig\"}), length of distal resection margins (SMD, 0.00; 95%CI: -0.11, 0.11; z = 0.04; *P* = 0.97; Figure [11](#F11){ref-type=\"fig\"}), and lymph node yield (SMD, 0.04; 95%CI: -0.07, 0.14; z = 0.69; *P* = 0.49; Figure [12](#F12){ref-type=\"fig\"}) were statistically similar in both groups. ", "Therefore, the risk of local and distant recurrence (OR, 1.10; 95%CI: 0.87, 1.39; z = 0.79; *P* = 0.43; Figure [13](#F13){ref-type=\"fig\"}) was also found to be similar in both groups.", "\n\n{#F10}\n\n{#F11}\n\n{#F12}\n\n{#F13}\n\nDISCUSSION\n==========\n\nColorectal cancer is the third most common cancer diagnosis internationally. ", "The highest incidence of colorectal cancer is reported the Europe, North America and Australia\\[[@B1]\\]. ", "The highest incidence of colorectal cancer is in the anatomical area of rectum. ", "In 2015 in the United Kingdom out of 41599 people diagnosed with colorectal cancer, 27% of these were located in the rectum. ", "The incidence is slightly higher in men making up 32% of all colorectal cancer diagnoses compared to 23% for women\\[[@B2]\\]. ", "With the introduction of the total meso-rectal excision (TME), developed in 1989 by Professor Heald, survival rates and the rates of local recurrence have significantly improved\\[[@B3],[@B4]\\]. ", "A TME is defined as an en bloc resection of the rectal tumour with endo-pelvic fascia to excise circumferential margins\\[[@B5]\\]. ", "The decision to undertake a TME is influenced by several factors including distance of the cancer from the anal verge, degree of invasion into the pelvic walls, presence of metastases to regional lymph nodes, the patient's co-morbidities and the ability to withstand trans-abdominal surgery\\[[@B6]\\]. ", "LTME has risen to become the gold standard for rectal cancer suitable for surgical resection\\[[@B7]\\]. ", "Many trials including the COLOR II trial established that it gave similar oncological outcomes compared to an open approach\\[[@B8],[@B9]\\] and further studies showed it resulted in shorter length of stay, less pain and quicker resumption of normal diet\\[[@B10],[@B11]\\]. ", "The main reason behind these proven advantages of the laparoscopic TME is the reduced surgical trauma and tissue handling compared to open TME. ", "As the use of robotics in surgery becomes more commonplace in gynaecological and urological procedures, the question arises on whether it has a place in colorectal surgery. ", "Specifically, a TME demands precise dissection in an area that is difficult to visualise and access. ", "These difficult aspects of a TME could be improved upon by robotics which offers a direct angle entry view, a stable retraction platform and more movement of instrument freedom\\[[@B12],[@B13]\\]. ", "Some studies have shown that robotic TME (RTME) results in shorter length of stay, whilst other studies have shown that there is no difference in hospital stay, oncological outcomes or rates of converting procedures to open. ", "There is an argument that in terms of cost, the use of robotics is more expensive than laparoscopic instruments and the learning curve for surgeons is longer and requires more cases than for a LTME.", "\n\nBased upon the findings of this largest ever series on the role of robotic surgery in rectal cancer resection, the RTME is certainly a feasible technique and oncologically safe surgical intervention but failed to demonstrate any superiority over LTME for many surgical outcomes. ", "Mere advantage of robotic surgery was noted in only three post-operative outcomes, that is early passage of flatus, lower risk of conversion and shorter hospitalization. ", "It seems like these advantages may not truly reflect into the routine use of RTME in rectal cancer surgery and therefore, the examination of current 28 studies to date did not designate a major value of RTME over LTME. ", "Demonstration of this conclusion has already been reported in previously published meta-analyses\\[[@B14]-[@B21],[@B57]\\].", "\n\nThese findings needs further evaluation on the background of recently published ROLARR\\[[@B42]\\] trial. ", "Among operative outcomes, current study indicates similar blood loss and longer duration of operation and these both outcomes are concordant with the findings of ROLARR\\[[@B42]\\] trial. ", "The risk of conversion to open surgery was found to be lower in RTME arm of current study. ", "Similarly the risk of conversion was lower in RTME group (8.1%) compared to LTME group (12.2%) in the ROLARR\\[[@B42]\\] trial but statistically it failed to demonstrate any significance. ", "The length of hospital stay was similar between both groups in the ROLARR\\[[@B42]\\] trial but current study shows significant reduction in the hospitalization time in patients undergoing RTME. ", "Post-operative mortality, morbidity and re-operation rate were consistently similar in all included studies, current study and in the ROLARR\\[[@B42]\\] trial. ", "The oncological outcomes such as positive circumferential resection margins, length of distal resection margins, lymph node yield and recurrence rate were also not different. ", "The publication of the ROLARR\\[[@B42]\\] trials has answered several questions about the feasibility, safety and comparative equivalence of RTME and non-inferiority of LTME too. ", "In addition, RTME seems to be relatively expensive\\[[@B29],[@B42],[@B58],[@B59]\\] and less cost-effective procedure and therefore routine use of this approach may not be justified for TME.", "\n\nAuthors frankly accept the major limitations of this study and the most apparent is the combined analysis of an RCT\\[[@B42]\\] and 27 case control studies. ", "Despite this limitation, the outcomes are almost matching with the conclusions of the only RCT\\[[@B42]\\] published on this subject. ", "Other confounding factors which can potentially be influencing the final outcome are diverse inclusion and exclusion criteria among included studies; variable post-operative follow up duration; lack of an agreed follow up screening pathways; presence and absence of the use of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in the recruited population; use of variable diagnostic pathways in included studies and variable experience of the operating surgeons especially in the RTME group. ", "More RCTs are needed to consolidate the findings of ROLARR trial\\[[@B42]\\] and current study. ", "Better outcomes and reduced cost may be anticipated in future trials due to the use of cost effective advanced technology and operating surgeons with extensive experience in robotic surgery. ", "Until then the ROLARR trial and current study may provide the best possible evidence in this relatively innovative intervention for rectal cancer management.", "\n\nARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS\n==================\n\nResearch background\n-------------------\n\nRobotic total meso-rectal excision (TME) is used at least for a decade to treat rectal cancer and the only evidence in favour of robotic TME was based on case control studies. ", "Recently first ever RCT evaluating feasibility of robotic TME was published as ROLARR trial. ", "This aims of this study was to strengthen the existing evidence on this technique which is mainly based upon the meta-analysis of case control studies and compare it with the results of ROLARR trial.", "\n\nResearch motivation\n-------------------\n\nAlthough robotic TME is being presented a way forward for rectal resection but its superiority over laparoscopic TME is not proven yet. ", "Most of the evidence was based upon the systematic review of case-controlled studies, the publication of ROLARR trial is an attempt to answer this question. ", "Comparison between the findings of ROLARR trial and systematic review of case-controlled trials can guide the surgeons in future about role of robotic TME.", "\n\nResearch objectives\n-------------------\n\nThe objective of this systematic review is to strengthen the existing evidence on the role of robotics for TME technique which is mainly based upon the meta-analysis of case control studies and compare it with the results of recently published ROLARR trial reporting robotic TME *vs* laparoscopic TME.", "\n\nResearch methods\n----------------\n\nStandard medical databases were searched. ", "RCTs and all types of comparative studies reporting the effectiveness of robotic TME *vs* laparoscopic TME in the management of rectal cancer were retrieved and their data was extracted. ", "The extracted data was analyzed using the principles of meta-analysis to generate higher level of evidence. ", "RevMan 5.3 was used for statistical analysis and GradePro was used to generate summary of evidence.", "\n\nResearch results\n----------------\n\nOne RCT (ROLARR trial) and 27 other comparative studies reporting the non-oncological and oncological outcomes following robotic TME *vs* laparoscopic TME were included in this review. ", "In the random effects model analysis using the statistical software Review Manager 5.3, the RTME was associated with longer operation time (SMD, 0.46; 95%CI: 0.25, 0.67; z = 4.33; *P* = 0.0001), early passage of first flatus (*P* = 0.002), lower risk of conversion (*P* = 0.00001) and shorter hospitalization (*P* = 0.01). ", "The statistical equivalence was seen between robotic TME and laparoscopic TME for non-oncological variables like blood loss, morbidity, mortality and re-operation risk. ", "The oncological variables such as recurrence (*P* = 0.96), number of harvested nodes (*P* = 0.49) and positive circumferential resection margin risk (*P* = 0.53) were also comparable in both groups. ", "The length of distal resection margins was similar in both groups.", "\n\nResearch conclusions\n--------------------\n\nRobotic TME is feasible and oncologically safe but failed to demonstrate any superiority over laparoscopic TME for many surgical outcomes except early passage of flatus, lower risk of conversion, lower conversion to laparotomy rate and shorter hospitalization.", "\n\nResearch perspectives\n---------------------\n\nRobotic TME failed to demonstrate superiority over laparoscopic TME. ", "Laparoscopic TME may continuously be used to treat rectal cancer. ", "More RCTs are needed to consolidate the findings of ROLARR trial \\[[@B42]\\] and current study. ", "Better outcomes and reduced cost may be anticipated in future trials due to the use of cost effective advanced technology and operating surgeons with extensive experience in robotic surgery. ", "Until then the ROLARR trial and current study may provide the best possible evidence in this relatively innovative intervention for rectal cancer management.", "\n\nConflict-of-interest statement: None to declare.", "\n\nPRISMA 2009 Checklist statement: The authors have read the PRISMA 2009 Checklist, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the PRISMA 2009 Checklist.", "\n\nManuscript source: Invited manuscript\n\nPeer-review started: April 17, 2018\n\nFirst decision: May 17, 2018\n\nArticle in press: June 29, 2018\n\nSpecialty type: Oncology\n\nCountry of origin: United Kingdom\n\nPeer-review report classification\n\nGrade A (Excellent): 0\n\nGrade B (Very good): B\n\nGrade C (Good): C\n\nGrade D (Fair): 0\n\nGrade E (Poor): 0\n\nP- Reviewer: Freha NA, Mastoraki A S- Editor: Ji FF L- Editor: A E- Editor: Tan WW\n\n[^1]: Author contributions: Jones K contributed to literature search, data extraction, manuscript writing and approval; Qassem MG contributed to data extraction, data confirmation, manuscript writing and approval; Sains P contributed to data confirmation, data interpretation, manuscript writing and approval; Baig MK contributed to data interpretation, data confirmation, manuscript writing and approval; Sajid MS contributed to idea conception, literature search, study selection, data analysis, data interpretation, manuscript writing and approval.", "\n\n Correspondence to: Muhammad S Sajid, BM BCh, FCPS, FRCS (Ed), FRCS (Gen Surg), MBBS, MSc, Attending Doctor, Research Fellow, Surgeon, Department of General and Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery, Western Sussex Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Worthing Hospital, Lyndhurst Road, Worthing, West Sussex BN11 2DH, United Kingdom. ", "<surgeon1wrh@hotmail.com>\n\n Telephone: +44-1273-696955 Fax: +44-7891-667608\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Central" }

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[ "<?", "php\n/* vim: set expandtab sw=4 ts=4 sts=4: */\n/**\n * Holds the PhpMyAdmin\\Controllers\\Server\\CollationsController\n *\n * @package PhpMyAdmin\\Controllers\n */\ndeclare(strict_types=1);\n\nnamespace PhpMyAdmin\\Controllers\\Server;\n\nuse PhpMyAdmin\\Charsets;\nuse PhpMyAdmin\\Charsets\\Charset;\nuse PhpMyAdmin\\Charsets\\Collation;\nuse PhpMyAdmin\\Controllers\\AbstractController;\nuse PhpMyAdmin\\DatabaseInterface;\nuse PhpMyAdmin\\Response;\nuse PhpMyAdmin\\Template;\n\n/**\n * Handles viewing character sets and collations\n *\n * @package PhpMyAdmin\\Controllers\n */\nclass CollationsController extends AbstractController\n{\n /**\n * @var array|null\n */\n private $charsets;\n\n /**\n * @var array|null\n */\n private $collations;\n\n /**\n * CollationsController constructor.", "\n *\n * @param Response $response Response object\n * @param DatabaseInterface $dbi DatabaseInterface object\n * @param Template $template Template object\n * @param array|null $charsets Array of charsets\n * @param array|null $collations Array of collations\n */\n public function __construct(\n $response,\n $dbi,\n Template $template,\n ?", "array $charsets = null,\n ?", "array $collations = null\n ) {\n global $cfg;\n\n parent::__construct($response, $dbi, $template);\n\n $this->charsets = $charsets ?? ", "Charsets::getCharsets(\n $this->dbi,\n $cfg['Server']['DisableIS']\n );\n $this->collations = $collations ?? ", "Charsets::getCollations(\n $this->dbi,\n $cfg['Server']['DisableIS']\n );\n }\n\n /**\n * Index action\n *\n * @return string HTML\n */\n public function indexAction(): string\n {\n include_once ROOT_PATH . '", "libraries/server_common.inc.php';\n\n $charsets = [];\n /** @var Charset $charset */\n foreach ($this->charsets as $charset) {\n $charsetCollations = [];\n /** @var Collation $collation */\n foreach ($this->collations[$charset->getName()] as $collation) {\n $charsetCollations[] = [\n 'name' => $collation->getName(),\n 'description' => $collation->getDescription(),\n 'is_default' => $collation->isDefault(),\n ];\n }\n\n $charsets[] = [\n 'name' => $charset->getName(),\n 'description' => $charset->getDescription(),\n 'collations' => $charsetCollations,\n ];\n }\n\n return $this->template->render('server/collations/index', [\n 'charsets' => $charsets,\n ]);\n }\n}\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }

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[ "536 U.S. 932\nCORTESv.", "UNITED STATES.", "\nNo. ", "01-10217.", "\nSupreme Court of the United States.", "\nJune 17, 2002.", "\n\n1\nC. A. 4th Cir. ", "Certiorari denied. ", "Reported below: 26 Fed. ", "Appx. ", "354.", "\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "FreeLaw" }

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[ "2.5 yo is the worst sleeper ever! ", "want to wean.", "\n\nI feel like I am the only one with a big toddler who has never, ever slept through the night. ", "She is still awake every two hours. ", "The only progress we have made is that if I don't nurse her, she only cries for a minute instead of possibly hours as she used too. ", "I wish I had set more rules when she was little! ", "I was very into this idea that I should breastfeed her whenever she wanted, but I wish I hadn't! ", "All I hear all day is num num? ", "num num? ", "She is always reaching down my shirt and clawing at my breasts. ", "I can't sit down without this happening! ", "It's making my crazy! ", "I love her, but I want to wean her so badly and I can't do it. ", "I am so tired that I usually just let her nurse when she wants.", "\n\nSo, does anyone else have a toddler who wants to nurse all the time? ", "All day and all night? ", "She is not all that into regular food either. ", "She hates all the things most babies like, like all cereals, bread products, pancakes, crackers, goldfish, yogurt, etc. ", "All she likes is cheese, chicken, fruit and pasta. ", "Won't touch any other milk.", "\n\nI want her to sleep more than two hour stretches. ", "i've tried all the books, exercising her more, getting her to eat, etc. ", "no progress. ", "Dont know what to do!", "\n\nRe: 2.5 yo is the worst sleeper ever! ", "want to wean.", "\n\nHi there! ", "I'm sorry things are so hard for you now. ", "You should probably try to start with day-weaning or night-weaning. ", "I wonder if you got one of those under control if you would feel a little better about your situation?", "\n\nYou didn't do anything wrong mama, she is just clinging to you in this way because it is a comfort to her. ", "She would be getting comfort from you in some other way if she weren't nursing.", "\n\nIf I was going to day wean, I would make sure that we were out and busy all day long except for when it was naptime, because I would probably keep nursing at sleep times available. ", "And just stay busy busy busy for a couple weeks. ", "I was surprised at how easy it was to get my first child at 2 years old to stop nursing on demand all day, I thought I would not be able to get her to stop. ", "But I kept her busy and every time she seemed to want to nurse, I would head her off with a trip to the playground or something. ", "And I would hand her bits of food while she was playing so that she didn't get hungry.", "\n\nIf I was going to night wean a child your daughter's age, I would probably talk about it for a couple days that on Friday, we could nurse when the sun went down and then nurse again when the sun came up. ", "And then every time she woke in the night I would tell her, the nurses are sleeping, we can nurse again when it's morning and light out. ", "I imagine that there would be crying, but if I really wanted to night wean, and I was there comforting her, I would be ok with it. ", "I will probably take this approach with my 14 month old when she's around 2 if she's still nursing all night long.", "\n\nRe: 2.5 yo is the worst sleeper ever! ", "want to wean.", "\n\nCheese, chicken, FRUIT and pasta can actually be quite a lot of food. ", "You should work on giving her 3-4 helpings of fruit a day and work in one serving of cold crunchy veggies. ", "Like carrots, cucumbers and sweet bell peppers. ", "And Rock chicken and cheese and pasta around that. ", "I'd do fruit and cheese for breakfast. ", "Fruit snack. ", "Fruit and pasta for lunch. ", "Fruit or cheese snack. ", "And Veggies, chicken and Pasta for dinner. ", "And I think now is a good time to start setting boundaries. ", "It's really hard to do that before they have language. ", "But once they do and they aren't getting all their nutrition from you that is when you begin to pull back. ", "Set boundaries and begin the dancing. ", "Even if your child is older, if they are getting most of their nutrition from you, you reallly should be very available to them. ", "So I would begin to meal plan for her and then begin setting up some boundaries. ", "Like No out in public and no nursing out of boredom. ", "And then begin to work it into very specific times. ", "Like only at wake up, up and down from nap and bedtime.", "\n\nRe: 2.5 yo is the worst sleeper ever! ", "want to wean.", "\n\nOriginally Posted by @llli*djs.mom\n\nSo I would begin to meal plan for her and then begin setting up some boundaries. ", "Like No out in public and no nursing out of boredom. ", "And then begin to work it into very specific times. ", "Like only at wake up, up and down from nap and bedtime.", "\n\nShelly said everything better than I did. ", "Boundaries are definitely the key to feeling like you are part of a relationship and not just a thing.", "\n\nRe: 2.5 yo is the worst sleeper ever! ", "want to wean.", "\n\nI can sympathize with the constant nursing during the day and my son will be 3 tomorrow. ", "EVERYTIME I sit down he thinks it's an invitation to latch on. ", "I just try to tell myself that he won't nurse forever and one day I will miss it.", "\n\nI am Lea (middle name)\nMama to Dominic born on 3/23/09\nWife to G 4/27/07\nWe're blessed to have been for 3 years and counting! ", "Proud to with our squirmy worm\n\nRe: 2.5 yo is the worst sleeper ever! ", "want to wean.", "\n\nDoes it help to know that everything you are experiencing is super-normal? ", "Limited diet: normal, and self-protective. ", "If toddlers were as curious about foods and other substances as young babies are, they'd poison themselves in a minute. ", "Nursing all day and all night: normal, especially when mom has been very giving and hasn't set hard boundaries about it. ", "I slept with my nearly 2 year-old when we went on vacation and she nursed every 2 hours all night long, just like when she was a new baby!", "\n\nI would definitely work on night-weaning, because it sounds like your LO is ready. ", "Only crying for a minute? ", "Not bad! ", "Either have your partner take over night-waking for a few nights, or handle it yourself and just tough it out without nursing. ", "A long as baby knows that crying = you giving in, she's likely to keep doing it. ", "When my toddler wakes, I go in and lie down on the floor of her room and tell her \"Shhh, sleep\" until she goes back to bed. ", "Then I either sneak back to bed or sleep on a futon on the floor. ", "Not optimal, but last night she slept from 11:30 to 4:00!", "\n\nRe: 2.5 yo is the worst sleeper ever! ", "want to wean.", "\n\nJust wanted to pipe in to say that my almost-3 year old, who has slept through the night once in his little life, weaned, and, of course, STILL doesn't sleep through the night. ", "He wakes up, cries, and needs mama cuddles several times a night. ", "The elimination of nursing has done pretty much nothing for his sleep or mine. ", "Anyway, you're not alone! ", "You're not the only one with an older toddler who doesn't sleep through the night. ", "We're just a quiet bunch of people.", "\n\nYou can call me JoMo!", "\n\nMom to baby boy Joe, born 5/4/09 and breastfed for more than two and a half years, and baby girl Maggie, born 7/9/12.", "\n\nRe: 2.5 yo is the worst sleeper ever! ", "want to wean.", "\n\nOriginally Posted by @llli*joe.s.mom\n\nJust wanted to pipe in to say that my almost-3 year old, who has slept through the night once in his little life, weaned, and, of course, STILL doesn't sleep through the night. ", "He wakes up, cries, and needs mama cuddles several times a night. ", "The elimination of nursing has done pretty much nothing for his sleep or mine. ", "Anyway, you're not alone! ", "You're not the only one with an older toddler who doesn't sleep through the night. ", "We're just a quiet bunch of people.", "\n\nMy first had sttn maybe once by 2.5. ", "He weaned at 11 months. ", "He still rarely sttn and he is almost 4. ", "My almost 2.25 yo has never even thought about sttn and wakes every 2hrs. ", "She eats a lot though. ", "And still nurses A LOT night and day. ", "Kids do things on their own schedule. ", "If you want to feel more in control of your body (I am with you there) it sounds like your LO is a lot more receptive to night weaning than mine. ", "But do not expect it to mean more sleep (it could but it is not the guarantee most moms seem to think it is).", "\n\nI am too tired to work hard on weaning too\n\nproud but exhausted working mammy to two high needs babies\n\nmy surprise baby: the one and only D-Man born 3 weeks late (5/5/08) at 9 lbs 14 oz and 21.5 inches, and\n\nthe shock H-Girl born about a week late (10/7/09) at 8lbs 15oz and 20.75 inches.", "\n\nIf I am here I am covered in baby (probably two) and fighting for control of the keyboard.", "\n\nFamily beds are awesome\n\nWondering if you have PPD? ", "Take the screening and see your doctor. ", "You deserve to feel better.", "\n\nRe: 2.5 yo is the worst sleeper ever! ", "want to wean.", "\n\nI wish I had set more rules when she was little! ", "I was very into this idea that I should breastfeed her whenever she wanted, but I wish I hadn't! ", "All I hear all day is num num? ", "num num? ", "She is always reaching down my shirt and clawing at my breasts. ", "I can't sit down without this happening! ", "It's making my crazy! ", "I love her, but I want to wean her so badly and I can't do it. ", "I am so tired that I usually just let her nurse when she wants.", "\n\nThis brought back memories. ", "When my oldest was 2 and soooooooo incredibly clingy I remember crying to a friend \"I cannot believe I bought all that AP stuff! ", "That darn Dr. Sears sold me a bill of goods! ", "Why did we co-sleep? ", "why did I nurse on demand? ", "He will never be able to do a thing without me! ", "I will never get three consecutive hours of sleep! ", "All he wants to do is nurse. ", "Argh!\"", "\n\nIt's really hard to function on little sleep and clingy kids can be very frustrating. ", "Also I frankly have little patience for the toddler period as it is it's just not my fave.", "\n\nAll I can say is that, in my case, things changed. ", "Over time, my kid changed, my attitude changed, and I soon began to feel very positively about my parenting choices again. ", "There is no reason to think you would not be just as frustrated now if you had parented differently earlier. ", "You may have had the same issues, you may have had different issues, there is no way of knowing.", "\n\nYou have lots of options. ", "Weaning need not be all or nothing if you think you want to try that but are not sure. ", "You could start encouraging weaning along, you could consider partial weaning, or limiting the length of nursing sessions. ", "You could find ways to get more \"mommy time\" breaks from your child.", "\n\nRe: 2.5 yo is the worst sleeper ever! ", "want to wean.", "\n\nOriginally Posted by @llli*lllmeg\n\nThis brought back memories. ", "When my oldest was 2 and soooooooo incredibly clingy I remember crying to a friend \"I cannot believe I bought all that AP stuff! ", "That darn Dr. Sears sold me a bill of goods! ", "Why did we co-sleep? ", "why did I nurse on demand? ", "He will never be able to do a thing without me! ", "I will never get three consecutive hours of sleep! ", "All he wants to do is nurse. ", "Argh!\"", "\n\nIt's really hard to function on little sleep and clingy kids can be very frustrating. ", "Also I frankly have little patience for the toddler period as it is it's just not my fave.", "\n\nAll I can say is that, in my case, things changed. ", "Over time, my kid changed, my attitude changed, and I soon began to feel very positively about my parenting choices again. ", "There is no reason to think you would not be just as frustrated now if you had parented differently earlier. ", "You may have had the same issues, you may have had different issues, there is no way of knowing.", "\n\nYou have lots of options. ", "Weaning need not be all or nothing if you think you want to try that but are not sure. ", "You could start encouraging weaning along, you could consider partial weaning, or limiting the length of nursing sessions. ", "You could find ways to get more \"mommy time\" breaks from your child.", "\n\nI'm not the OP, but thank you for this. ", "I have never had a period of sleep longer than 5 hours (and that was like once or twice) since my son was born (he's 18 months). ", "I sang the praises of Dr. Sears' in the beginning when co-sleeping, nursing and baby-wearing saved our sanity during DS's colicky period, but I've cursed my buying into it at times when DS wakes up CONSTANTLY to nurse during the night and when I am trying to get like ONE thing done around the house, and DS is just hanging all over me and reaching down my shirt. ", "Of course, I know that things will change (one thing I've learned over this past year and a half is that the next phase -- for better or worse -- is just around the corner!) ", "So, I do enjoy the constant nurturing of DS as much as possible now...and most of the time I feel positively about the way we've chosen to parent, too -- but not so much at 4am when DS is up and ready to go after a night of nursing every two hours" ]

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[ "Q:\n\nd3.js brushed area map to domain values\n\nI was following some simple values to create line chart with d3.js. ", "Just come across some question about brushed area \"mapping\" to domain values.", "\n var x = d3.scaleLinear().domain([-100,100]).range([0, 500]), //domain and range for example\n\n var brush = d3.brushX() // Add the brush feature using the d3.brush function\n .extent( [ [0,0], [width,height2] ] ) // initialise the brush area\n .on(\"brush end\", brushed); // trigger the brushed function \n\n function brushed() {\n var s = d3.event.selection; //get the selection pixel range on screen, [200,300] for example\n x.domain(s.map(x.invert, x)); // how does the s.map(x.invert,x) work\n //then update the chart with the new domain\n }\n\nIn brushed, s is two element array, represent the x_start and x_end of the screen selection.", "\nConsole.log shows s.map(x.invert, x)inverted range values in s to domain values.", "\nHow does s.map(x.invert, x) work?", "\nWhy not use s.map(x.invert) ? ", "it seems to do the same thing. ", "what is the purpose of x in the brackets?", "\n\nA:\n\nYou're almost right. ", "This has nothing to do with d3, but with Array.prototype.map. ", "Now, what the docs say about that is that it accepts two arguments, a function callback, and thisArg.", "\nlet new_array = arr.map(function callback( currentValue[, index[, array]]) {\n // return element for new_array\n}[, thisArg])\n\nthisArg is optional, but when given, this inside the callback, points to it. ", "In this case, that means that this === x. I've checked the source and d3 doesn't use this in any of their .invert functions, so you're safe either way.", "\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "StackExchange" }

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[ "Rent Princess: A Private Novel\n\nSynopsis\n\n#1 BESTSELLING WRITER, #1 BESTSELLING SERIES\n\nJack Morgan receives an offer he cannot refuse...\n\nWhen the head of the world's foremost investigation agency receives at invitation to meet Princess Caroline, third in line to the British throne, he boards his Gulfstream jet and flies straight to London.", "\n\nThe Princess needs Morgan's skills, and his discretion. ", "Sophie Edwards, a close friend of the Princess, has gone missing. ", "She needs to be found before the media become aware of it." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

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[ "Prefrontal Coexpression of Schizophrenia Risk Genes Is Associated With Treatment Response in Patients.", "\nGene coexpression networks are relevant to functional and clinical translation of schizophrenia risk genes. ", "We hypothesized that schizophrenia risk genes converge into coexpression pathways that may be associated with gene regulation mechanisms and with response to treatment in patients with schizophrenia. ", "We identified gene coexpression networks in two prefrontal cortex postmortem RNA sequencing datasets (n = 688) and replicated them in four more datasets (n = 1295). ", "We identified and replicated (p values < .001) a single module enriched for schizophrenia risk loci (13 risk genes in 10 loci). ", "In silico screening of potential regulators of the schizophrenia risk module via bioinformatic analyses identified two transcription factors and three microRNAs associated with the risk module. ", "To translate postmortem information into clinical phenotypes, we identified polymorphisms predicting coexpression and combined them to obtain an index approximating module coexpression (Polygenic Coexpression Index [PCI]). ", "The PCI-coexpression association was successfully replicated in two independent brain transcriptome datasets (n = 131; p values < .05). ", "Finally, we tested the association between the PCI and short-term treatment response in two independent samples of patients with schizophrenia treated with olanzapine (n = 167). ", "The PCI was associated with treatment response in the positive symptom domain in both clinical cohorts (p values < .05). ", "In summary, our findings in 1983 samples of human postmortem prefrontal cortex show that coexpression of a set of genes enriched for schizophrenia risk genes is relevant to treatment response. ", "This coexpression pathway may be coregulated by transcription factors and microRNA associated with it." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

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[ "{\n \"action\": {\n \"error\": {\n \"variety\": [\n \"Other\"\n ],\n \"vector\": [\n \"Carelessness\"\n ]\n }\n },\n \"actor\": {\n \"internal\": {\n \"motive\": [\n \"NA\"\n ],\n \"variety\": [\n \"Unknown\"\n ]\n }\n },\n \"asset\": {\n \"assets\": [\n {\n \"variety\": \"M - Documents\"\n }\n ],\n \"cloud\": [\n \"Unknown\"\n ]\n },\n \"attribute\": {\n \"confidentiality\": {\n \"data\": [\n {\n \"variety\": \"Unknown\"\n }\n ],\n \"data_disclosure\": \"Yes\",\n \"data_total\": 269\n }\n },\n \"discovery_method\": {\n \"unknown\": true\n },\n \"incident_id\": \"1F50FD2B-D38D-4921-91B5-97B6C56DF5DE\",\n \"plus\": {\n \"analysis_status\": \"First pass\",\n \"analyst\": \"swidup\",\n \"created\": \"2014-11-24T16:59:31Z\",\n \"master_id\": \"1F50FD2B-D38D-4921-91B5-97B6C56DF5DE\",\n \"modified\": \"2014-11-24T16:59:31Z\"\n },\n \"reference\": \"http://vcdb.org/pdf/va-security-aug-2014.pdf\",\n \"schema_version\": \"1.3.4\",\n \"security_incident\": \"Confirmed\",\n \"source_id\": \"vcdb\",\n \"summary\": \"A call center agent in the National Call Center left a steno notebook in a common break area which was accessible to the public. ", "The notebook contained claim and social security numbers.\",", "\n \"timeline\": {\n \"incident\": {\n \"day\": 11,\n \"month\": 8,\n \"year\": 2014\n }\n },\n \"victim\": {\n \"country\": [\n \"US\"\n ],\n \"employee_count\": \"Over 100000\",\n \"industry\": \"923140\",\n \"region\": [\n \"019021\"\n ],\n \"state\": \"OH\",\n \"victim_id\": \"United States Department of Veterans Affairs\"\n }\n}" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }

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[ "Endovascular treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms with the Powerlink Endograft System: influence of placement on the bifurcation and use of a proximal extension on early and late outcomes.", "\nWe evaluated the influence of placement of the bifurcated Powerlink endograft (Endologix Inc, Irvine, Calif) on the aortic bifurcation, with the addition of a proximal extension, in the endovascular treatment (EVAR) of selected patients with atherosclerotic abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). ", "From September 1999 to June 2007, 205 patients were treated with the bifurcated Powerlink endograft for atherosclerotic AAA at two Italian centers with shared protocols. ", "Patients were retrospectively divided in two groups according to treatment with the bifurcated graft only (n = 126), or its placement on the bifurcation with the addition of a proximal extension (n = 79) at the initial procedure. ", "Study end points included postoperative complications, secondary procedures, immediate and late conversion, migration, endoleak, death, and aneurysmal sac behavior. ", "Overall technical success was 98.5%. ", "Additional procedures were performed in 18%, and postoperative complications occurred in 11.2% (systemic, 8.3%; local, 2.9%). ", "Median follow-up was 42.4 months (range, 6-94 months). ", "Secondary procedures were recorded in 11.2%, migration in 3.9%, type I proximal endoleak in 7.8%, and late conversions in 2.4%. ", "Placement on the bifurcation and the addition of an extension were associated with a higher incidence of postoperative complications (7.1% vs 17.7%, P = .020). ", "A reduced incidence of endoleak (19% vs 8.9%, P = .048), secondary procedures (14.3% vs 6.3%, P = .04), and migration (6.3% vs 0%, P = .024) were observed in the group with a proximal extension. ", "Analysis of single variables reveals that migration was significantly influenced by placement of the graft on the bifurcation (47% vs 0%, P < .001). ", "Both placement on the bifurcation and the addition of an extension positively influenced the type I proximal endoleak rate (3.8% vs 35.3% P < .001) and the need for a secondary intervention (6.3% vs 35.3% P < .001) Two aneurysm ruptures and five cases of late conversion occurred in the group treated with a bifurcated graft only (4%, P = .52, P = .159). ", "Analysis of aneurysm sac behavior was not statistically significant: enlargement, 4.1% vs 1.3% (P = .158); reduction, 34.1% vs 40.5% (P = .542). ", "The placement of the bifurcated Powerlink endograft on the aortic bifurcation with a proximal extension for complete sealing seems to improve late outcomes, particularly secondary procedures, migration, and endoleak development. ", "Larger prospective studies with longer follow-up are necessary to confirm these promising results." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

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[ "\nWeb Art Project with CSS - wdavidw\nhttps://css-doodle.com/\n======\nprescojan\nUseful. ", "And also in my eyes, it's really an art\n\n" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "HackerNews" }

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[ "Q:\n\nLazy ExecutionAndPublication - Examples That Could Cause Deadlock\n\nThe documentation for LazyThreadSafetyMode states that using the value ExecutionAndPublication could cause deadlocks if the initialization method (or the default constructor, if there is no initialization method) uses locks internally. ", "I am trying to get a better understanding of examples that could cause a deadlock when using this value. ", "In my use of this value, I am initializing a ChannelFactory. ", "I cannot see the ChannelFactory's constructor using any internal locks (reviewing the class with Reflector), so I believe this scenario does not fit the possible deadlock situation, but I am curious what situations could cause a deadlock as well as if there could be a possible deadlock initializing the ChannelFactory.", "\nSo, to summarize, my questions are:\n\nIs it possible to cause a deadlock initializing the ChannelFactory using ExecutionAndPublication?", "\nWhat are some possible ways to cause a deadlock initializing other objects using ExecutionAndPublication?", "\n\nSuppose you have the following code:\nclass x\n{\n static Lazy<ChannelFactory<ISomeChannel>> lcf = \n new Lazy<ChannelFactory<ISomeChannel>>(\n () => new ChannelFactory<ISomeChannel>(\"someEndPointConfig\"), \n LazyThreadSafetyMode.", "ExecutionAndPublication\n );\n\n public static ISomeChannel Create()\n {\n return lcf.", "Value.", "CreateChannel();\n }\n}\n\nA:\n\nIt's as documented – if it doesn't use any locks, this usage cannot cause any deadlocks.", "\nImagine that you have a lazy value that you initialize by reading from a database, but you want to make sure that only one thread is accessing the DB at any moment. ", "If you have other code that accesses the DB, you could have a deadlock. ", "Consider the following code:\n\nvoid Main()\n{\n Task otherThread = Task.", "Factory.", "StartNew(() => UpdateDb(43));\n Thread.", "Sleep(100);\n Console.", "WriteLine(lazyInt.", "Value);\n}\n\nstatic object l = new object();\nLazy<int> lazyInt = new Lazy<int>(Init, LazyThreadSafetyMode.", "ExecutionAndPublication);\n\nstatic int Init()\n{\n lock(l)\n {\n return ReadFromDb();\n }\n}\n\nvoid UpdateDb(int newValue)\n{\n lock(l)\n {\n // to make sure deadlock occurs every time\n Thread.", "Sleep(1000);\n\n if (newValue !", "= lazyInt.", "Value)\n {\n // some code that requires the lock\n }\n }\n}\n\nInit() reads from the DB, so it has to use the lock. ", "UpdateDb() writes to the DB, so it needs the lock too, and since Lazy uses a lock internally too in this case, it causes deadlock.", "\nIn this case, it would be easy to fix the deadlock by moving the access to lazyInt.", "Value in UpdateDb() outside the lock statement, but it may not be so trivial (or obvious) in other cases.", "\n\n" ]

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[ "Q:\n\nLimit of monotone decreasing sequence of orthogonal projections projects $H$ onto $\\bigcap_{n=1}^{\\infty}P_{n}(H)$\n\nI'm trying to answer the next question of Kreyszig's Functional Analysis (Question 7 of section 9.6):\nLet $(P_{n})$ be a monotone decreasing sequence of orthogonal projections on a Hilbert space $H.$ Suppose $P_{n}x\\rightarrow Px$ for every $x\\in H$ and $P$ is a projection defined on $H.$ Then $P$ projects $H$ onto $$P(H)=\\bigcap_{n=1}^{\\infty}P_{n}(H).$$ \nI'm trying to prove each set of the above equality is contained in the other.", "\nSo, because of $P_{n}\\geq P_{n+1}$ for all $n\\in\\mathbb{N}$ then $P_{n}\\geq P$ for all $n\\in\\mathbb{N}.$ The previous is equivalent to $P(H)\\subset P_{n}(H)$ for all $n\\in\\mathbb{N}$ due to a theorem of equivalences in the book. ", "Then $P(H)\\subset\\bigcap_{n=1}^{\\infty}P_{n}(H).$\nFor the other direction, I was thinking in prove that $N(P)\\subset N(P_{n})$ or all $n\\in\\mathbb{N}.$ If the behind holds then this equivalent to the desired. ", "I'm stuck in this. ", "I was trying using contradiction but I don't get any useful.", "\nFor the other hand, also I tried to use the hypotesis of strong convergence but I'm not sure how can use it, because if $x\\in N(P)$ then $Px=0,$ and $P_{n}x\\rightarrow 0,$ but is not clear that $P_{n}x\\in N(P).$\nIs there another way to prove this easier?", "\nAny kind of help is thanked in advanced.", "\n\nA:\n\nIf $x\\in \\bigcap P_n (H) $ then for every $n,$ we have $$P_n (x) =x $$ but $P_n (x) \\to P(x)$ hence $P(x)=x$ and therefore $x\\in P(H).$ \n\n" ]

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[ "Cataglyphis iberica\n\nCataglyphis iberica is a species of desert ant found in the Iberian Peninsula. ", "It was described by Carlo Emery in 1906.", "\n\nReferences\n\nFurther reading\n\n \n \n \n \n\nCategory:Taxa named by Carlo Emery\nCategory:Insects described in 1906\nCategory:Formicinae\nCategory:Hymenoptera of Europe\nCategory:Endemic insects of the Iberian Peninsula" ]

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[ "Fashion, Beauty and Wellness Tips From My Year With Cancer\n\n“Slashed, Poisoned and Burned and Still Standing*”\n\nOne year ago today, I woke up very early to head to the hospital for the results of a biopsy I had gotten two days earlier. ", "Waiting 48 hours for test results is decidedly inhumane but I had kept myself busy with work and reassurances that nothing was wrong. ", "Even the night before, my mom had come in to say goodnight and after a quick pow wow and assessment of the blood that lay dried on the tip of my nipple, we both concluded I was probably fine. ", "I slept very soundly and woke up ready, if not for good news, then at worst, some mildly inconvenient news.", "\n\nI approached the check-in desk, joking with my mom and the clerk about their insistence on always asking about my marital status before every appointment. ", "Having just turned 30 two months before, my least favorite ritual was repeating over and over that I was single, childless and unemployed.", "\n\nI sat in the waiting room of the breast center, the youngest in the vicinity by a long shot. ", "Earlier in the week, knowing I was going to get results that day, I had tried to get an appointment with the world class breast specialist Dr. Silverstein. ", "I was told that he didn’t see new patients unless there is a serious diagnosis and that I would have to see Dr. Guerra who was in the same office.", "\n\nThe nurse called my name to come with her and told my mom to go wait in a room while they checked my biopsy scar and bandages.", "\n\n“Looks good!” ", "she announced pleasantly. “", "You can go wait with your mom now. ", "When you are done getting your results, you will see Dr. Silverstein.”", "\n\n“Oh, I was told I couldn’t see him. ", "I’m here to see Dr. Guerra,” I said, somewhat distractedly as I was attempting to put my shirt back on over mounds of gauze that covered my wound.", "\n\nI looked up just in time to see her gaze drop.", "\n\n“Um…yeah-uh I think you’re…uh…going to see Dr. Sil…,” her voice trailing off into a mumble as she hurried me out of the room.", "\n\nOr maybe she said it clear as day. ", "I wouldn’t know because from that point on, I could only hear a fog horn blaring in my head. ", "An all-encompassing moan of panic, as if an irate driver was laying on his steering wheel. ", "In the five steps from that room to the room I was meeting my mom in, the equation crystallized in my head. ", "If “x”, then “y”. ", "Now, I’ve never been good at math but even with the persistent cacophony in my ears, I knew that “x” was Dr. Silverstein and “y” was bad news.", "\n\nThey led me to my mom, waiting in her own version of panic, in a nice room with a couch and chair. ", "No exam table in sight. ", "This was the bad news room.", "\n\n“It’s happening!” ", "I practically screamed as soon as the nurse shut the door, leaving us alone. ", "I was borderline manic. ", "I paced the room, unloading all of the evidence to support my theory, while my mom tried to calm me down. ", "This has always been a familiar dynamic with us. ", "She remains positive until proven wrong and I insist on being negative until I’m right. ", "There was every reason to believe this was another instance of my mom talking down her dramatic daughter. ", "But that damn horn was relentlessly screaming inside me and I knew what it was telling me.", "\n\nThe doctor finally came in to give us the results and before she could even ask how I was, I saw “Carcinoma” written on her chart. ", "This time, being right did not feel good.", "\n\nIt’s been a year since that day. ", "At times, it has felt like I’ve lived an entire decade since then. ", "My body believes it’s 20 years older, having been thrust into menopause overnight. ", "It seems comfortable, settling into it’s early retirement, happily getting rid of a lot of it’s duties and lavishly padding itself with the extra fat of a woman of leisure. ", "My brain doesn’t feel the same way, mourning the loss of many parts of me. ", "Some parts are tangible: every ounce of breast tissue was taken from me by a very skilled hand. ", "But some things that were taken from me can’t be measured, such as the ability to ever think “It’s probably nothing.”", "\n\nSome days I feel like a warrior. ", "Some days I feel an absolute state of bliss as I attempt to relinquish control over things I can’t change. ", "Sometimes I feel the support of thousands of people. ", "Other days, I feel alone, though I never am. ", "Some days, I feel cancer was the greatest gift I ever received. ", "Other times, I feel robbed by a cunning and masterful thief who has ransacked my body, taken what it wanted and then put everything back almost the way they found it. ", "For 365 days, I have been myself, plus something else.", "\n\nAs a musical theatre devotee, I can’t help but ask myself, “How do you measure, measure a year?” ", "In vials of blood. ", "In breasts lost. ", "In dollars that chemo saved me in shampoo and bikini waxes. ", "In dollars I spent in fantastic wigs. ", "In the amount of people who have told me they’ve lost a loved one. ", "In jokes I tried to make with my oncologists that landed flat (They’re a tough crowed). ", "In tears. ", "In more tears. ", "In milestones. ", "In “martini’s”. ", "In the lessons I learned and the ones I’m still too stubborn to receive. ", "In times I surprised myself. ", "In minutes I’ve laughed when I should have cried. ", "In times I felt loved.", "\n\nToday, I will celebrate. ", "I woke up with a partner who has never left my side since we met three weeks after being diagnosed. ", "I will go to rehearsal for my Broadway show that I am deeply in love with. ", "And maybe I’ll check in with my frozen eggs, the precursors of my family that is waiting for me when the time is right. ", "Single, childless and unemployed no more.", "\n\nI will seen my parents tomorrow to celebrate my dad’s birthday. ", "Not in the way we celebrated last year, waiting for the results of a PET scan to see if the cancer had spread to other parts of my body, what my parents both describe as the worst day of their lives. ", "No, this year we will have dinner and they will watch me open my 7th Broadway show.", "\n\nAnd one more thing will be different today. ", "Something that’s missing. ", "What is it…?", "\n\nOh yeah. ", "Cancer.", "\n\n———————————————\n\n*This quote was taken from a comment on my first blog post. ", "I’m very gratefully re-purposing it for the title because I loved it.", "\n\nTo me you embody strength -and I adore it. ", "Your writing is so truthful , so raw and provides an insight into the world of cancer that I cannot even begin to imagine. ", "Thank you for writing a blog that is both revealing and inspiring.", "You deserve every happiness!", "\n\nSo very glad you’ve made it to today with wonderful things happening for you, being back on Broadway, being back on television, having the people you love able to celebrate alongside you. ", "Thank you so much for sharing with us.", "\n\nI’m in awe of your strength. ", "How through all this you’re rehearsing and then doing 8 shows a week which takes a toll on healthy people. ", "I have no doubt you’re going to be fine (and you look great in a pixie cut) I just lost a former colleague to breast cancer which she had been fighting for over 2 years. ", "She leaves 2 kids 6 and 2. ", "She was 34. ", "I’m devastated. ", "It’s so rare to lose people to this disease these days.", "\n\nDefinitely cried while reading this. ", "So happy to hear that you’re cancer free and in such a good place – what a difference a year can make! ", "I had the opportunity to see you in Spring Awakening this past Monday and loved it so much I was back the following night. ", "Your performance brought me to tears repeatedly and I’m forever grateful that I was finally able to see you on Broadway. ", "Break a leg opening night ❤️\n\nThank God you had that support system from Minute One and have sought out (and received) the support of those around you and all of us Out Here. ", "My father chose to investigate the first signs of his cancer by himself…for nine months, as it turns out…before talking to me…the day he was officially diagnosed with his bladder cancer. ", "Then once I began my commute from Florida to New Jersey to walk with him through his procedures (as the poster child for Planned Parenthood, I was it…), I was not allowed to tell anyone he had a problem. ", "God forbid anyone know he was anything less than Superman.", "\n\nYou have been doing it the right way and don’t ever stop.", "\n\nWhile it is thrilling to see you soldier on and now back on The Great White Way where you belong, you cannot take your success for granted. ", "Do not withdraw your sentries, because cancer is an insidious and determined foe.", "\n\nI pray that you will forevermore be able to proclaim “I’m cancer free!”", "\n\nYou are kick ass and we love you for it. ", "I don’t think there was ever any doubt that when it came to you or cancer, you’d be kicking it hard out the door. ", "Keep being fabulous, we’d not have you any other way!", "\n\nwe have the same unwanted “birthday” 24 sept. ", "i have been thinking of you this past week and wondering how you were doing, so thank you for the update. ", "i wish you continued success and am happy to have read your posts this past year which i found amusing, sad and similar.", "\n\nYou’re such an inspiration. ", "I’ve been following your blog from the first entry, and I am just so happy for you, and proud of you. ", "I can’t wait to see you perform live, you have a fan (not just of your work, but of the person you are) for life. ", "Thank you for sharing with us, and being a champion for others in the same circumstances.", "\n\nThank you for being so brave to share your story with your fans. ", "Your talent and beauty (inner and outer) are so inspiring! ", "I saw Spring Awakening a couple of weeks ago and may have to break my “no repeat” rule to see it again. ", "Simply amazing! ", "Keep fighting the good fight with your incredible attitude : ) Big hugs!", "\n\nYou said it all beautifully….and as that chapter closes – a new one opens… Just think what a difference a year as made and another and another… I am sure as the curtain opens tomorrow so will your heart and emotions. ", "Congrats! ", "Let all those emotions flow through you like waves of an ocean – so proud of you!", "\n\nKrysta, you truly are the warrior and the victorious! ", "Your depth of expressing and sharing emotions and your personal journey never cease to inspire! ", "What a year! ", "And…. ", "So glad you are back on Broadway where you belong! ", "Although it’s now Fall, how fitting the title Spring Awakening!" ]

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[ "Pure. ", "Used since third century A.D. Early Latin forms Katerina and Caterina became Katharine and Catherine. ", "French Cateline and English Catlyn came into wider use during medieval period when variants multiplied." ]

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[ "Q:\n\nHow are race stewards selected in F1?", "\n\nAside from Charlie Whiting, the FIA Race Director, the race stewards who look at and deliberate on on-track incidents are apparently not the same every weekend.", "\nThere have been races where I hear the Sky F1 commentators mention a few familiar names as part of the stewarding team, former F1 drivers like Emanuele Pirro and Nigel Mansell.", "\nLooking around the internet, the FIA website has published biographies for known race stewards of certain race events, but they all come from different backgrounds in the motorsport industry, some of them former FIA officials and some racing drivers. (", "see source)\nIs there any specific criteria for selecting race stewards? ", "Does being a former F1 driver qualify you to be one? ", "And did these people volunteer or are they a part of a collection of people that are assigned to be race stewards every race weekend? ", "\n\nSources (via FIA website):\nHungarian GP Stewards\nBritish GP Stewards\n\nA:\n\nAs described in Formula 1, Rules & Regulations, Officials:\n\nThere are seven officials\nFive of the seven are nominated by FIA. ", "These include:\n\nthe race director (currently Charlie Whiting)\na permanent starter\nthree additional stewards\none is an experienced former driver\n\nTwo of the seven are nominated by the National Sporting Authority of the country hosting the race, both of which must be FIA Super License Holders\n\nthe clerk of the course\nan additional steward who must be a national of the host nation\n\n" ]

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[ "Q:\n\nHow to convert textbox value to date format in firefox and Internet explorer using javascript\n\nI have textbox( id='txtCalendarSeventh' ) which have a calendar control associated with it. ", "On Selecting any date from calendar I get the value in textbox in the format- Apr-21-2014 . ", "\nI am using the following javascript code-\n var dateresult = document.getElementById('txtCalendarSeventh').value;\n var d = new Date(dateresult);\n alert(d);\n\nThis code works fine in chrome and dispalys correct value of date. ", "But in firefox or internet explorer it is showing Nan.", "Nan.", "Nan etc instead of correct date.", "\n\nA:\n\nThe best you can do is use the ISO format: YYYY-MM-DD or YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS\nFor example:\nnew Date('2011-04-11')\n\nor\nnew Date('2011-04-11T11:51:00')\n\nFor more Info: MDN | Date\nEdit:\nFor old Internet Explorer compatibility (IE versions less than 9 do not support ISO format in Date constructor), you should split datetime string representation to it's parts and then you can use constructor using datetime parts, e.g.: new Date('2011', '04' - 1, '11', '11', '51', '00')\nNote that the number of the month must be 1 less.", "\n\nA:\n\n\"Apr-21-2014\" is not a valid date string, although some browsers may recognise it. \"", "Apr 21 2014\" should work though, for example.", "\nSee http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/az4se3k1%28v=vs.110%29.aspx for a comprehensive list.", "\n\n" ]

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[ "A comparison of the anticholinergic effects of two formulations of disopyramide in healthy volunteers.", "\nEight healthy male volunteers took a single oral dose of one of the following: Rythmodan (conventionally formulated disopyramide) 150 mg; Rythmodan 250 mg; Rythmodan Retard (controlled-release disopyramide) 250 mg; placebo. ", "The subjects were allocated double-blind to sessions and treatments according to a Latin square design. ", "In each session pupil diameter, heart rate, salivation, and QT interval were measured immediately before and at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 24 h after the drug. ", "QT interval was corrected for heart rate (QT60). ", "Plasma concentrations of total and unbound disopyramide were also determined at each time point. ", "Both formulations of disopyramide reduced salivary output and increased QT60 interval, but there was not significant difference between the effects of the three active treatments. ", "Neither formulation had any effect on pupil diameter or heart rate. ", "The peak plasma concentration of unbound disopyramide was reached 2 h after Rythmodan and 4 h after Rythmodan Retard. ", "The peak plasma concentration of disopyramide was significantly lower after Rythmodan Retard 250 mg than after Rythmodan 250 mg. ", "The plasma concentration of unbound disopyramide was positively correlated with the reduction in salivation and prolongation of the QT60 interval. ", "The reduction in salivation is likely to reflect blockade of muscarinic receptors by disopyramide, whereas the increase in QT60 interval is likely to be related to a direct effect of the drug on the heart. ", "The results of this single-dose study do not indicate that disopyramide in the controlled-release formulation would be better tolerated by patients than conventionally formulated disopyramide." ]

{ "pile_set_name": "PubMed Abstracts" }

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[ "Search location by ZIP code\n\nNEWS ARCHIVE\n\nCollege ends season for soccer team over 'offensive and racist' costume\n\nShare\n\nShares\n\nCopy Link\n\n{copyShortcut} to copy\nLink copied!", "\n\nUpdated: 3:15 PM EDT Nov 3, 2017\n\nCollege ends season for soccer team over 'offensive and racist' costume\n\nShare\n\nShares\n\nCopy Link\n\n{copyShortcut} to copy\nLink copied!", "\n\nUpdated: 3:15 PM EDT Nov 3, 2017\n\nCollege ends season for soccer team over 'offensive and racist' costume\n\nShare\n\nShares\n\nCopy Link\n\n{copyShortcut} to copy\nLink copied!", "\n\nUpdated: 3:15 PM EDT Nov 3, 2017\n\nA Massachusetts college soccer team is barred from competing in its conference tournament because a player attended an on-campus Halloween party with her skin darkened.", "\n\nA photo taken Friday shows the white Wheaton College women's soccer player with her skin darkened by makeup, a drawn-on goatee and a bald cap.", "\n\nAdvertisement\n\nStudents say she was portraying a character from the movie \"White Chicks\" played by actor Terry Crews, who is black. ", "In a letter sent to students and staff, Wheaton President Dennis Hanno says the team has been suspended from playing Saturday in a tournament game at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.", "\n\nHanno says the decision was intended to \"send a clear message that racist and offensive behavior will not be tolerated.\"" ]

{ "pile_set_name": "Pile-CC" }

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{ "pile_set_name": "Github" }

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