# Copyright 2022 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import gc
import random
import warnings
from contextlib import contextmanager
from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Tuple, Union

import numpy as np
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F
from torch.nn.utils.rnn import pad_sequence
from transformers import top_k_top_p_filtering

from .import_utils import is_npu_available, is_xpu_available


try:
    from collections.abc import Mapping
except ImportError:
    from collections.abc import Mapping


WANDB_PADDING = -1


def flatten_dict(nested: Dict, sep: str = "/") -> Dict:
    """Flatten dictionary and concatenate nested keys with separator."""

    def recurse(nest: Dict, prefix: str, into: Dict) -> None:
        for k, v in nest.items():
            if sep in k:
                raise ValueError(f"separator '{sep}' not allowed to be in key '{k}'")
            if isinstance(v, Mapping):
                recurse(v, prefix + k + sep, into)
            else:
                into[prefix + k] = v

    flat = {}
    recurse(nested, "", flat)
    return flat


def convert_to_scalar(stats: Dict) -> Dict:
    """
    Converts the stats from a flattened dict to single scalar dicts
    """
    tensorboard_stats = {}
    for k, v in stats.items():
        # for tensorboard compatibility - arrays and tensors are ignored with tensorboard
        # therefore we convert single element tensors to scalars
        if (isinstance(v, torch.Tensor) or isinstance(v, np.ndarray)) and (
            len(v.shape) == 0 or (len(v.shape) == 1 and v.shape[0] == 1)
        ):
            v = v.item()
        tensorboard_stats[k] = v
    return tensorboard_stats


def stack_dicts(stats_dicts: List[Dict]) -> Dict:
    """Stack the values of a dict."""
    results = dict()
    for k in stats_dicts[0]:
        stats_list = [torch.flatten(d[k]) for d in stats_dicts]
        results[k] = pad_sequence(stats_list, batch_first=True, padding_value=WANDB_PADDING)
    return results


def add_suffix(input_dict: Dict, suffix: str) -> Dict:
    """Add suffix to dict keys."""
    return {k + suffix: v for k, v in input_dict.items()}


def pad_to_size(tensor: torch.Tensor, size: int, dim: int = 1, padding: int = 50256) -> torch.Tensor:
    """Pad tensor to size."""
    t_size = tensor.size()[dim]
    if t_size == size:
        return tensor
    else:
        return torch.nn.functional.pad(tensor, (0, size - t_size), "constant", padding)


def logprobs_from_logits(logits: torch.Tensor, labels: torch.Tensor, gather: bool = True) -> torch.Tensor:
    """
    See: https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/issues/563#issuecomment-330103591
    """
    logp = F.log_softmax(logits, dim=2)

    if not gather:
        return logp
    logpy = torch.gather(logp, 2, labels.unsqueeze(2)).squeeze(-1)
    return logpy


def whiten(values: torch.Tensor, shift_mean: bool = True) -> torch.Tensor:
    """Whiten values."""
    mean, var = torch.mean(values), torch.var(values)
    whitened = (values - mean) * torch.rsqrt(var + 1e-8)
    if not shift_mean:
        whitened += mean
    return whitened


def masked_mean(values: torch.Tensor, mask: torch.Tensor, axis: Optional[bool] = None) -> torch.Tensor:
    """Compute mean of tensor with a masked values."""
    if axis is not None:
        return (values * mask).sum(axis=axis) / mask.sum(axis=axis)
    else:
        return (values * mask).sum() / mask.sum()


def masked_var(values: torch.Tensor, mask: torch.Tensor, unbiased: bool = True) -> torch.Tensor:
    """Compute variance of tensor with masked values."""
    mean = masked_mean(values, mask)
    centered_values = values - mean
    variance = masked_mean(centered_values**2, mask)
    if unbiased:
        mask_sum = mask.sum()
        if mask_sum == 0:
            raise ValueError(
                "The sum of the mask is zero, which can happen when `mini_batch_size=1`;"
                "try increase the `mini_batch_size` or `gradient_accumulation_steps`"
            )
        # note that if mask_sum == 1, then there is a division by zero issue
        # to avoid it you just need to use a larger minibatch_size
        bessel_correction = mask_sum / (mask_sum - 1)
        variance = variance * bessel_correction
    return variance


def masked_whiten(values: torch.Tensor, mask: torch.Tensor, shift_mean: bool = True) -> torch.Tensor:
    """Whiten values with masked values."""
    mean, var = masked_mean(values, mask), masked_var(values, mask)
    whitened = (values - mean) * torch.rsqrt(var + 1e-8)
    if not shift_mean:
        whitened += mean
    return whitened


def clip_by_value(x: torch.Tensor, tensor_min: float, tensor_max: float) -> torch.Tensor:
    """
    Tensor extension to torch.clamp
    https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/issues/2793#issuecomment-428784713
    """
    clipped = torch.max(torch.min(x, tensor_max), tensor_min)
    return clipped


def entropy_from_logits(logits: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
    """Calculate entropy from logits."""
    pd = torch.nn.functional.softmax(logits, dim=-1)
    entropy = torch.logsumexp(logits, axis=-1) - torch.sum(pd * logits, axis=-1)
    return entropy


def average_torch_dicts(list_of_dicts: List[Dict]) -> Dict:
    """Average values of a list of dicts with torch tensors."""
    average_dict = dict()
    for key in list_of_dicts[0].keys():
        average_dict[key] = torch.mean(torch.stack([d[key] for d in list_of_dicts]), axis=0)
    return average_dict


def stats_to_np(stats_dict: Dict) -> Dict:
    """Cast all torch.tensors in dict to numpy arrays."""
    new_dict = dict()
    for k, v in stats_dict.items():
        if isinstance(v, torch.Tensor):
            new_dict[k] = v.detach().cpu()
            if new_dict[k].dtype == torch.bfloat16:
                new_dict[k] = new_dict[k].float()
            new_dict[k] = new_dict[k].numpy()
        else:
            new_dict[k] = v
        if np.isscalar(new_dict[k]):
            new_dict[k] = float(new_dict[k])
    return new_dict


def respond_to_batch(
    model: nn.Module, queries: List[torch.LongTensor], txt_len: int = 20, top_k: int = 0, top_p: float = 1.0
) -> torch.LongTensor:
    """Sample text from language model."""
    input_ids = queries
    for _i in range(txt_len):
        # Get Logits
        outputs = model(input_ids)
        next_token_logits = outputs[0][:, -1, :]
        next_token_logits = top_k_top_p_filtering(next_token_logits, top_k=top_k, top_p=top_p)
        # Sample
        probs = F.softmax(next_token_logits, dim=-1)
        next_token = torch.multinomial(probs, num_samples=1).squeeze(1)
        input_ids = torch.cat([input_ids, next_token.unsqueeze(-1)], dim=-1)
    return input_ids[:, -txt_len:]


def set_seed(seed: int) -> None:
    """
    Helper function for reproducible behavior to set the seed in `random`, `numpy`, and `torch`.

    Args:
        seed (`int`): The seed to set.
    """
    random.seed(seed)
    np.random.seed(seed)
    torch.manual_seed(seed)
    if is_xpu_available():
        torch.xpu.manual_seed_all(seed)
    elif is_npu_available():
        torch.npu.manual_seed_all(seed)
    else:
        torch.cuda.manual_seed_all(seed)


class LengthSampler:
    """
    Samples a length
    """

    def __init__(self, min_value: int, max_value: int):
        self.values = list(range(min_value, max_value))

    def __call__(self) -> int:
        return np.random.choice(self.values)


class PPODecorators:
    optimize_device_cache = False

    @classmethod
    @contextmanager
    def empty_device_cache(cls):
        yield
        if cls.optimize_device_cache:
            if is_xpu_available():
                gc.collect()
                torch.xpu.empty_cache()
                gc.collect()
            elif is_npu_available():
                gc.collect()
                torch.npu.empty_cache()
                gc.collect()
            elif torch.cuda.is_available():
                gc.collect()
                torch.cuda.empty_cache()
                gc.collect()


def randn_tensor(
    shape: Union[Tuple, List],
    generator: Optional[Union[List[torch.Generator], torch.Generator]] = None,
    device: Optional[torch.device] = None,
    dtype: Optional[torch.dtype] = None,
    layout: Optional[torch.layout] = None,
) -> torch.Tensor:
    """A helper function to create random tensors on the desired `device` with the desired `dtype`. When
    passing a list of generators, you can seed each batch size individually. If CPU generators are passed, the tensor
    is always created on the CPU.
    """
    # device on which tensor is created defaults to device
    rand_device = device
    batch_size = shape[0]

    layout = layout or torch.strided
    device = device or torch.device("cpu")

    if generator is not None:
        gen_device_type = generator.device.type if not isinstance(generator, list) else generator[0].device.type
        if gen_device_type != device.type and gen_device_type == "cpu":
            rand_device = "cpu"
            if device != "mps":
                warnings.warn(
                    f"The passed generator was created on 'cpu' even though a tensor on {device} was expected."
                    f" Tensors will be created on 'cpu' and then moved to {device}. Note that one can probably"
                    f" slighly speed up this function by passing a generator that was created on the {device} device."
                )
        elif gen_device_type != device.type and gen_device_type == "cuda":
            raise ValueError(f"Cannot generate a {device} tensor from a generator of type {gen_device_type}.")

    # make sure generator list of length 1 is treated like a non-list
    if isinstance(generator, list) and len(generator) == 1:
        generator = generator[0]

    if isinstance(generator, list):
        shape = (1,) + shape[1:]
        latents = [
            torch.randn(shape, generator=generator[i], device=rand_device, dtype=dtype, layout=layout)
            for i in range(batch_size)
        ]
        latents = torch.cat(latents, dim=0).to(device)
    else:
        latents = torch.randn(shape, generator=generator, device=rand_device, dtype=dtype, layout=layout).to(device)

    return latents