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lagent/__init__.py

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+# Copyright (c) OpenMMLab. All rights reserved.
+from .version import __version__, version_info
+
+__all__ = ['__version__', 'version_info']

lagent/actions/__init__.py

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+from .action_executor import ActionExecutor, AsyncActionExecutor
+from .arxiv_search import ArxivSearch, AsyncArxivSearch
+from .base_action import BaseAction, tool_api
+from .bing_map import AsyncBINGMap, BINGMap
+from .builtin_actions import FinishAction, InvalidAction, NoAction
+from .google_scholar_search import AsyncGoogleScholar, GoogleScholar
+from .google_search import AsyncGoogleSearch, GoogleSearch
+from .ipython_interactive import AsyncIPythonInteractive, IPythonInteractive
+from .ipython_interpreter import AsyncIPythonInterpreter, IPythonInterpreter
+from .ipython_manager import IPythonInteractiveManager
+from .parser import BaseParser, JsonParser, TupleParser
+from .ppt import PPT, AsyncPPT
+from .python_interpreter import AsyncPythonInterpreter, PythonInterpreter
+from .web_browser import AsyncWebBrowser, WebBrowser
+from .weather_query import WeatherQuery
+
+__all__ = [
+    'BaseAction', 'ActionExecutor', 'AsyncActionExecutor', 'InvalidAction',
+    'FinishAction', 'NoAction', 'BINGMap', 'AsyncBINGMap', 'ArxivSearch',
+    'AsyncArxivSearch', 'GoogleSearch', 'AsyncGoogleSearch', 'GoogleScholar',
+    'AsyncGoogleScholar', 'IPythonInterpreter', 'AsyncIPythonInterpreter',
+    'IPythonInteractive', 'AsyncIPythonInteractive',
+    'IPythonInteractiveManager', 'PythonInterpreter', 'AsyncPythonInterpreter',
+    'PPT', 'AsyncPPT', 'WebBrowser', 'AsyncWebBrowser', 'BaseParser',
+    'JsonParser', 'TupleParser', 'tool_api', 'WeatherQuery'
+]

lagent/actions/action_executor.py

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+import inspect
+from collections import OrderedDict
+from typing import Callable, Dict, List, Union
+
+from lagent.actions.base_action import BaseAction
+from lagent.actions.builtin_actions import FinishAction, InvalidAction, NoAction
+from lagent.hooks import Hook, RemovableHandle
+from lagent.schema import ActionReturn, ActionValidCode, AgentMessage, FunctionCall
+from lagent.utils import create_object
+
+
+class ActionExecutor:
+    """The action executor class.
+
+    Args:
+        actions (Union[BaseAction, List[BaseAction]]): The action or actions.
+        invalid_action (BaseAction, optional): The invalid action. Defaults to
+            InvalidAction().
+        no_action (BaseAction, optional): The no action.
+            Defaults to NoAction().
+        finish_action (BaseAction, optional): The finish action. Defaults to
+            FinishAction().
+        finish_in_action (bool, optional): Whether the finish action is in the
+            action list. Defaults to False.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        actions: Union[BaseAction, List[BaseAction], Dict, List[Dict]],
+        invalid_action: BaseAction = dict(type=InvalidAction),
+        no_action: BaseAction = dict(type=NoAction),
+        finish_action: BaseAction = dict(type=FinishAction),
+        finish_in_action: bool = False,
+        hooks: List[Dict] = None,
+    ):
+
+        if not isinstance(actions, list):
+            actions = [actions]
+        finish_action = create_object(finish_action)
+        if finish_in_action:
+            actions.append(finish_action)
+        for i, action in enumerate(actions):
+            actions[i] = create_object(action)
+        self.actions = {action.name: action for action in actions}
+
+        self.invalid_action = create_object(invalid_action)
+        self.no_action = create_object(no_action)
+        self.finish_action = finish_action
+        self._hooks: Dict[int, Hook] = OrderedDict()
+        if hooks:
+            for hook in hooks:
+                hook = create_object(hook)
+                self.register_hook(hook)
+
+    def description(self) -> List[Dict]:
+        actions = []
+        for action_name, action in self.actions.items():
+            if action.is_toolkit:
+                for api in action.description['api_list']:
+                    api_desc = api.copy()
+                    api_desc['name'] = f"{action_name}.{api_desc['name']}"
+                    actions.append(api_desc)
+            else:
+                action_desc = action.description.copy()
+                actions.append(action_desc)
+        return actions
+
+    def __contains__(self, name: str):
+        return name in self.actions
+
+    def keys(self):
+        return list(self.actions.keys())
+
+    def __setitem__(self, name: str, action: Union[BaseAction, Dict]):
+        action = create_object(action)
+        self.actions[action.name] = action
+
+    def __delitem__(self, name: str):
+        del self.actions[name]
+
+    def forward(self, name, parameters, **kwargs) -> ActionReturn:
+        action_name, api_name = (
+            name.split('.') if '.' in name else (name, 'run'))
+        action_return: ActionReturn = ActionReturn()
+        if action_name not in self:
+            if name == self.no_action.name:
+                action_return = self.no_action(parameters)
+            elif name == self.finish_action.name:
+                action_return = self.finish_action(parameters)
+            else:
+                action_return = self.invalid_action(parameters)
+        else:
+            action_return = self.actions[action_name](parameters, api_name)
+            action_return.valid = ActionValidCode.OPEN
+        return action_return
+
+    def __call__(self,
+                 message: AgentMessage,
+                 session_id=0,
+                 **kwargs) -> AgentMessage:
+        # message.receiver = self.name
+        for hook in self._hooks.values():
+            result = hook.before_action(self, message, session_id)
+            if result:
+                message = result
+
+        assert isinstance(message.content, FunctionCall) or (
+            isinstance(message.content, dict) and 'name' in message.content
+            and 'parameters' in message.content)
+        if isinstance(message.content, dict):
+            name = message.content.get('name')
+            parameters = message.content.get('parameters')
+        else:
+            name = message.content.name
+            parameters = message.content.parameters
+
+        response_message = self.forward(
+            name=name, parameters=parameters, **kwargs)
+        if not isinstance(response_message, AgentMessage):
+            response_message = AgentMessage(
+                sender=self.__class__.__name__,
+                content=response_message,
+            )
+
+        for hook in self._hooks.values():
+            result = hook.after_action(self, response_message, session_id)
+            if result:
+                response_message = result
+        return response_message
+
+    def register_hook(self, hook: Callable):
+        handle = RemovableHandle(self._hooks)
+        self._hooks[handle.id] = hook
+        return handle
+
+
+class AsyncActionExecutor(ActionExecutor):
+
+    async def forward(self, name, parameters, **kwargs) -> ActionReturn:
+        action_name, api_name = (
+            name.split('.') if '.' in name else (name, 'run'))
+        action_return: ActionReturn = ActionReturn()
+        if action_name not in self:
+            if name == self.no_action.name:
+                action_return = self.no_action(parameters)
+            elif name == self.finish_action.name:
+                action_return = self.finish_action(parameters)
+            else:
+                action_return = self.invalid_action(parameters)
+        else:
+            action = self.actions[action_name]
+            if inspect.iscoroutinefunction(action.__call__):
+                action_return = await action(parameters, api_name)
+            else:
+                action_return = action(parameters, api_name)
+            action_return.valid = ActionValidCode.OPEN
+        return action_return
+
+    async def __call__(self,
+                       message: AgentMessage,
+                       session_id=0,
+                       **kwargs) -> AgentMessage:
+        # message.receiver = self.name
+        for hook in self._hooks.values():
+            if inspect.iscoroutinefunction(hook.before_action):
+                result = await hook.before_action(self, message, session_id)
+            else:
+                result = hook.before_action(self, message, session_id)
+            if result:
+                message = result
+
+        assert isinstance(message.content, FunctionCall) or (
+            isinstance(message.content, dict) and 'name' in message.content
+            and 'parameters' in message.content)
+        if isinstance(message.content, dict):
+            name = message.content.get('name')
+            parameters = message.content.get('parameters')
+        else:
+            name = message.content.name
+            parameters = message.content.parameters
+
+        response_message = await self.forward(
+            name=name, parameters=parameters, **kwargs)
+        if not isinstance(response_message, AgentMessage):
+            response_message = AgentMessage(
+                sender=self.__class__.__name__,
+                content=response_message,
+            )
+
+        for hook in self._hooks.values():
+            if inspect.iscoroutinefunction(hook.after_action):
+                result = await hook.after_action(self, response_message,
+                                                 session_id)
+            else:
+                result = hook.after_action(self, response_message, session_id)
+            if result:
+                response_message = result
+        return response_message

lagent/actions/arxiv_search.py

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+from typing import Optional, Type
+
+from asyncer import asyncify
+
+from lagent.actions.base_action import AsyncActionMixin, BaseAction, tool_api
+from lagent.actions.parser import BaseParser, JsonParser
+from lagent.schema import ActionReturn, ActionStatusCode
+
+
+class ArxivSearch(BaseAction):
+    """Search information from Arxiv.org. \
+Useful for when you need to answer questions about Physics, Mathematics, \
+Computer Science, Quantitative Biology, Quantitative Finance, Statistics, \
+Electrical Engineering, and Economics from scientific articles on arxiv.org.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        top_k_results: int = 3,
+        max_query_len: int = 300,
+        doc_content_chars_max: int = 1500,
+        description: Optional[dict] = None,
+        parser: Type[BaseParser] = JsonParser,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(description, parser)
+        self.top_k_results = top_k_results
+        self.max_query_len = max_query_len
+        self.doc_content_chars_max = doc_content_chars_max
+
+    @tool_api(explode_return=True)
+    def get_arxiv_article_information(self, query: str) -> dict:
+        """Run Arxiv search and get the article meta information.
+
+        Args:
+            query (:class:`str`): the content of search query
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`dict`: article information
+                * content (str): a list of 3 arxiv search papers
+        """
+        import arxiv
+
+        try:
+            results = arxiv.Search(  # type: ignore
+                query[: self.max_query_len], max_results=self.top_k_results
+            ).results()
+        except Exception as exc:
+            return ActionReturn(errmsg=f'Arxiv exception: {exc}', state=ActionStatusCode.HTTP_ERROR)
+        docs = [
+            f'Published: {result.updated.date()}\nTitle: {result.title}\n'
+            f'Authors: {", ".join(a.name for a in result.authors)}\n'
+            f'Summary: {result.summary[:self.doc_content_chars_max]}'
+            for result in results
+        ]
+        if docs:
+            return {'content': '\n\n'.join(docs)}
+        return {'content': 'No good Arxiv Result was found'}
+
+
+class AsyncArxivSearch(AsyncActionMixin, ArxivSearch):
+    """Search information from Arxiv.org. \
+Useful for when you need to answer questions about Physics, Mathematics, \
+Computer Science, Quantitative Biology, Quantitative Finance, Statistics, \
+Electrical Engineering, and Economics from scientific articles on arxiv.org.
+    """
+
+    @tool_api(explode_return=True)
+    @asyncify
+    def get_arxiv_article_information(self, query: str) -> dict:
+        """Run Arxiv search and get the article meta information.
+
+        Args:
+            query (:class:`str`): the content of search query
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`dict`: article information
+                * content (str): a list of 3 arxiv search papers
+        """
+        return super().get_arxiv_article_information(query)

lagent/actions/base_action.py

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+import inspect
+import logging
+import re
+from abc import ABCMeta
+from copy import deepcopy
+from functools import wraps
+from typing import Callable, Optional, Type, get_args, get_origin
+
+try:
+    from typing import Annotated
+except ImportError:
+    from typing_extensions import Annotated
+
+from griffe import Docstring
+
+try:
+    from griffe import DocstringSectionKind
+except ImportError:
+    from griffe.enumerations import DocstringSectionKind
+
+from ..schema import ActionReturn, ActionStatusCode
+from .parser import BaseParser, JsonParser, ParseError
+
+logging.getLogger('griffe').setLevel(logging.ERROR)
+
+
+def tool_api(func: Optional[Callable] = None,
+             *,
+             explode_return: bool = False,
+             returns_named_value: bool = False,
+             **kwargs):
+    """Turn functions into tools. It will parse typehints as well as docstrings
+    to build the tool description and attach it to functions via an attribute
+    ``api_description``.
+
+    Examples:
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            # typehints has higher priority than docstrings
+            from typing import Annotated
+
+            @tool_api
+            def add(a: Annotated[int, 'augend'], b: Annotated[int, 'addend'] = 1):
+                '''Add operation
+
+                Args:
+                    x (int): a
+                    y (int): b
+                '''
+                return a + b
+
+            print(add.api_description)
+
+    Args:
+        func (Optional[Callable]): function to decorate. Defaults to ``None``.
+        explode_return (bool): whether to flatten the dictionary or tuple return
+            as the ``return_data`` field. When enabled, it is recommended to
+            annotate the member in docstrings. Defaults to ``False``.
+
+            .. code-block:: python
+
+                @tool_api(explode_return=True)
+                def foo(a, b):
+                    '''A simple function
+
+                    Args:
+                        a (int): a
+                        b (int): b
+
+                    Returns:
+                        dict: information of inputs
+                            * x: value of a
+                            * y: value of b
+                    '''
+                    return {'x': a, 'y': b}
+
+                print(foo.api_description)
+
+        returns_named_value (bool): whether to parse ``thing: Description`` in
+            returns sections as a name and description, rather than a type and
+            description. When true, type must be wrapped in parentheses:
+            ``(int): Description``. When false, parentheses are optional but
+            the items cannot be named: ``int: Description``. Defaults to ``False``.
+
+    Returns:
+        Callable: wrapped function or partial decorator
+
+    Important:
+        ``return_data`` field will be added to ``api_description`` only
+        when ``explode_return`` or ``returns_named_value`` is enabled.
+    """
+
+    def _detect_type(string):
+        field_type = 'STRING'
+        if 'list' in string:
+            field_type = 'Array'
+        elif 'str' not in string:
+            if 'float' in string:
+                field_type = 'FLOAT'
+            elif 'int' in string:
+                field_type = 'NUMBER'
+            elif 'bool' in string:
+                field_type = 'BOOLEAN'
+        return field_type
+
+    def _explode(desc):
+        kvs = []
+        desc = '\nArgs:\n' + '\n'.join([
+            '    ' + item.lstrip(' -+*#.')
+            for item in desc.split('\n')[1:] if item.strip()
+        ])
+        docs = Docstring(desc).parse('google')
+        if not docs:
+            return kvs
+        if docs[0].kind is DocstringSectionKind.parameters:
+            for d in docs[0].value:
+                d = d.as_dict()
+                if not d['annotation']:
+                    d.pop('annotation')
+                else:
+                    d['type'] = _detect_type(d.pop('annotation').lower())
+                kvs.append(d)
+        return kvs
+
+    def _parse_tool(function):
+        # remove rst syntax
+        docs = Docstring(
+            re.sub(':(.+?):`(.+?)`', '\\2', function.__doc__ or '')).parse(
+                'google', returns_named_value=returns_named_value, **kwargs)
+        desc = dict(
+            name=function.__name__,
+            description=docs[0].value
+            if docs[0].kind is DocstringSectionKind.text else '',
+            parameters=[],
+            required=[],
+        )
+        args_doc, returns_doc = {}, []
+        for doc in docs:
+            if doc.kind is DocstringSectionKind.parameters:
+                for d in doc.value:
+                    d = d.as_dict()
+                    d['type'] = _detect_type(d.pop('annotation').lower())
+                    args_doc[d['name']] = d
+            if doc.kind is DocstringSectionKind.returns:
+                for d in doc.value:
+                    d = d.as_dict()
+                    if not d['name']:
+                        d.pop('name')
+                    if not d['annotation']:
+                        d.pop('annotation')
+                    else:
+                        d['type'] = _detect_type(d.pop('annotation').lower())
+                    returns_doc.append(d)
+
+        sig = inspect.signature(function)
+        for name, param in sig.parameters.items():
+            if name == 'self':
+                continue
+            parameter = dict(
+                name=param.name,
+                type='STRING',
+                description=args_doc.get(param.name,
+                                         {}).get('description', ''))
+            annotation = param.annotation
+            if annotation is inspect.Signature.empty:
+                parameter['type'] = args_doc.get(param.name,
+                                                 {}).get('type', 'STRING')
+            else:
+                if get_origin(annotation) is Annotated:
+                    annotation, info = get_args(annotation)
+                    if info:
+                        parameter['description'] = info
+                while get_origin(annotation):
+                    annotation = get_args(annotation)
+                parameter['type'] = _detect_type(str(annotation))
+            desc['parameters'].append(parameter)
+            if param.default is inspect.Signature.empty:
+                desc['required'].append(param.name)
+
+        return_data = []
+        if explode_return:
+            return_data = _explode(returns_doc[0]['description'])
+        elif returns_named_value:
+            return_data = returns_doc
+        if return_data:
+            desc['return_data'] = return_data
+        return desc
+
+    if callable(func):
+
+        if inspect.iscoroutinefunction(func):
+
+            @wraps(func)
+            async def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
+                return await func(self, *args, **kwargs)
+
+        else:
+
+            @wraps(func)
+            def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
+                return func(self, *args, **kwargs)
+
+        wrapper.api_description = _parse_tool(func)
+        return wrapper
+
+    def decorate(func):
+
+        if inspect.iscoroutinefunction(func):
+
+            @wraps(func)
+            async def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
+                return await func(self, *args, **kwargs)
+
+        else:
+
+            @wraps(func)
+            def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
+                return func(self, *args, **kwargs)
+
+        wrapper.api_description = _parse_tool(func)
+        return wrapper
+
+    return decorate
+
+
+class ToolMeta(ABCMeta):
+    """Metaclass of tools."""
+
+    def __new__(mcs, name, base, attrs):
+        is_toolkit, tool_desc = True, dict(
+            name=name,
+            description=Docstring(attrs.get('__doc__',
+                                            '')).parse('google')[0].value)
+        for key, value in attrs.items():
+            if callable(value) and hasattr(value, 'api_description'):
+                api_desc = getattr(value, 'api_description')
+                if key == 'run':
+                    tool_desc['parameters'] = api_desc['parameters']
+                    tool_desc['required'] = api_desc['required']
+                    if api_desc['description']:
+                        tool_desc['description'] = api_desc['description']
+                    if api_desc.get('return_data'):
+                        tool_desc['return_data'] = api_desc['return_data']
+                    is_toolkit = False
+                else:
+                    tool_desc.setdefault('api_list', []).append(api_desc)
+        if not is_toolkit and 'api_list' in tool_desc:
+            raise KeyError('`run` and other tool APIs can not be implemented '
+                           'at the same time')
+        if is_toolkit and 'api_list' not in tool_desc:
+            is_toolkit = False
+            if callable(attrs.get('run')):
+                run_api = tool_api(attrs['run'])
+                api_desc = run_api.api_description
+                tool_desc['parameters'] = api_desc['parameters']
+                tool_desc['required'] = api_desc['required']
+                if api_desc['description']:
+                    tool_desc['description'] = api_desc['description']
+                if api_desc.get('return_data'):
+                    tool_desc['return_data'] = api_desc['return_data']
+                attrs['run'] = run_api
+            else:
+                tool_desc['parameters'], tool_desc['required'] = [], []
+        attrs['_is_toolkit'] = is_toolkit
+        attrs['__tool_description__'] = tool_desc
+        return super().__new__(mcs, name, base, attrs)
+
+
+class BaseAction(metaclass=ToolMeta):
+    """Base class for all actions.
+
+    Args:
+        description (:class:`Optional[dict]`): The description of the action.
+            Defaults to ``None``.
+        parser (:class:`Type[BaseParser]`): The parser class to process the
+            action's inputs and outputs. Defaults to :class:`JsonParser`.
+
+    Examples:
+
+        * simple tool
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            class Bold(BaseAction):
+                '''Make text bold'''
+
+                def run(self, text: str):
+                    '''
+                    Args:
+                        text (str): input text
+
+                    Returns:
+                        str: bold text
+                    '''
+                    return '**' + text + '**'
+
+            action = Bold()
+
+        * toolkit with multiple APIs
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            class Calculator(BaseAction):
+                '''Calculator'''
+
+                @tool_api
+                def add(self, a, b):
+                    '''Add operation
+
+                    Args:
+                        a (int): augend
+                        b (int): addend
+
+                    Returns:
+                        int: sum
+                    '''
+                    return a + b
+
+                @tool_api
+                def sub(self, a, b):
+                    '''Subtraction operation
+
+                    Args:
+                        a (int): minuend
+                        b (int): subtrahend
+
+                    Returns:
+                        int: difference
+                    '''
+                    return a - b
+
+            action = Calculator()
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        description: Optional[dict] = None,
+        parser: Type[BaseParser] = JsonParser,
+    ):
+        self._description = deepcopy(description or self.__tool_description__)
+        self._name = self._description['name']
+        self._parser = parser(self)
+
+    def __call__(self, inputs: str, name='run') -> ActionReturn:
+        fallback_args = {'inputs': inputs, 'name': name}
+        if not hasattr(self, name):
+            return ActionReturn(
+                fallback_args,
+                type=self.name,
+                errmsg=f'invalid API: {name}',
+                state=ActionStatusCode.API_ERROR)
+        try:
+            inputs = self._parser.parse_inputs(inputs, name)
+        except ParseError as exc:
+            return ActionReturn(
+                fallback_args,
+                type=self.name,
+                errmsg=exc.err_msg,
+                state=ActionStatusCode.ARGS_ERROR)
+        try:
+            outputs = getattr(self, name)(**inputs)
+        except Exception as exc:
+            return ActionReturn(
+                inputs,
+                type=self.name,
+                errmsg=str(exc),
+                state=ActionStatusCode.API_ERROR)
+        if isinstance(outputs, ActionReturn):
+            action_return = outputs
+            if not action_return.args:
+                action_return.args = inputs
+            if not action_return.type:
+                action_return.type = self.name
+        else:
+            result = self._parser.parse_outputs(outputs)
+            action_return = ActionReturn(inputs, type=self.name, result=result)
+        return action_return
+
+    @property
+    def name(self):
+        return self._name
+
+    @property
+    def is_toolkit(self):
+        return self._is_toolkit
+
+    @property
+    def description(self) -> dict:
+        """Description of the tool."""
+        return self._description
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return f'{self.description}'
+
+    __str__ = __repr__
+
+
+class AsyncActionMixin:
+
+    async def __call__(self, inputs: str, name='run') -> ActionReturn:
+        fallback_args = {'inputs': inputs, 'name': name}
+        if not hasattr(self, name):
+            return ActionReturn(
+                fallback_args,
+                type=self.name,
+                errmsg=f'invalid API: {name}',
+                state=ActionStatusCode.API_ERROR)
+        try:
+            inputs = self._parser.parse_inputs(inputs, name)
+        except ParseError as exc:
+            return ActionReturn(
+                fallback_args,
+                type=self.name,
+                errmsg=exc.err_msg,
+                state=ActionStatusCode.ARGS_ERROR)
+        try:
+            outputs = await getattr(self, name)(**inputs)
+        except Exception as exc:
+            return ActionReturn(
+                inputs,
+                type=self.name,
+                errmsg=str(exc),
+                state=ActionStatusCode.API_ERROR)
+        if isinstance(outputs, ActionReturn):
+            action_return = outputs
+            if not action_return.args:
+                action_return.args = inputs
+            if not action_return.type:
+                action_return.type = self.name
+        else:
+            result = self._parser.parse_outputs(outputs)
+            action_return = ActionReturn(inputs, type=self.name, result=result)
+        return action_return

lagent/actions/bing_map.py

@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+# flake8: noqa: E501
+import json
+import os
+from typing import Optional, Type
+
+import aiohttp
+import requests
+
+from lagent.actions.base_action import AsyncActionMixin, BaseAction, tool_api
+from lagent.actions.parser import BaseParser, JsonParser
+
+
+class BINGMap(BaseAction):
+    """BING Map plugin for looking up map information."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        key: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[dict] = None,
+        parser: Type[BaseParser] = JsonParser,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(description, parser)
+        key = os.environ.get('BING_MAP_KEY', key)
+        if key is None:
+            raise ValueError(
+                'Please set BING Map API key either in the environment '
+                'as BING_MAP_KEY or pass it as `key` parameter.')
+        self.key = key
+        self.base_url = 'http://dev.virtualearth.net/REST/V1/'
+
+    @tool_api(explode_return=True)
+    def get_distance(self, start: str, end: str) -> dict:
+        """Get the distance between two locations in km.
+
+        Args:
+            start (:class:`str`): The start location
+            end (:class:`str`): The end location
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`dict`: distance information
+                * distance (str): the distance in km.
+        """
+        # Request URL
+        url = self.base_url + 'Routes/Driving?o=json&wp.0=' + start + '&wp.1=' + end + '&key=' + self.key
+        # GET request
+        r = requests.get(url)
+        # TODO check request status?
+        data = json.loads(r.text)
+        # Extract route information
+        route = data['resourceSets'][0]['resources'][0]
+        # Extract distance in miles
+        distance = route['travelDistance']
+        return dict(distance=distance)
+
+    @tool_api(explode_return=True)
+    def get_route(self, start: str, end: str) -> dict:
+        """Get the route between two locations in km.
+
+        Args:
+            start (:class:`str`): The start location
+            end (:class:`str`): The end location
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`dict`: route information
+                * route (list): the route, a list of actions.
+        """
+        # Request URL
+        url = self.base_url + 'Routes/Driving?o=json&wp.0=' + start + '&wp.1=' + end + '&key=' + self.key
+        # GET request
+        r = requests.get(url)
+        data = json.loads(r.text)
+        # Extract route information
+        route = data['resourceSets'][0]['resources'][0]
+        itinerary = route['routeLegs'][0]['itineraryItems']
+        # Extract route text information
+        route_text = []
+        for item in itinerary:
+            if 'instruction' in item:
+                route_text.append(item['instruction']['text'])
+        return dict(route=route_text)
+
+    @tool_api(explode_return=True)
+    def get_coordinates(self, location: str) -> dict:
+        """Get the coordinates of a location.
+
+        Args:
+            location (:class:`str`): the location need to get coordinates.
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`dict`: coordinates information
+                * latitude (float): the latitude of the location.
+                * longitude (float): the longitude of the location.
+        """
+        url = self.base_url + 'Locations'
+        params = {'query': location, 'key': self.key}
+        response = requests.get(url, params=params)
+        json_data = response.json()
+        coordinates = json_data['resourceSets'][0]['resources'][0]['point'][
+            'coordinates']
+        return dict(latitude=coordinates[0], longitude=coordinates[1])
+
+    @tool_api(explode_return=True)
+    def search_nearby(self,
+                      search_term: str,
+                      places: str = 'unknown',
+                      latitude: float = 0.0,
+                      longitude: float = 0.0,
+                      radius: int = 5000) -> dict:
+        """Search for places nearby a location, within a given radius, and return the results into a list. You can use either the places name or the latitude and longitude.
+
+        Args:
+            search_term (:class:`str`): the place name.
+            places (:class:`str`): the name of the location. Defaults to ``'unknown'``.
+            latitude (:class:`float`): the latitude of the location. Defaults to ``0.0``.
+            longitude (:class:`float`): the longitude of the location. Defaults to ``0.0``.
+            radius (:class:`int`): radius in meters. Defaults to ``5000``.
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`dict`: places information
+                * places (list): the list of places, each place is a dict with name and address, at most 5 places.
+        """
+        url = self.base_url + 'LocalSearch'
+        if places != 'unknown':
+            pos = self.get_coordinates(**{'location': places})
+            latitude, longitude = pos[1]['latitude'], pos[1]['longitude']
+        # Build the request query string
+        params = {
+            'query': search_term,
+            'userLocation': f'{latitude},{longitude}',
+            'radius': radius,
+            'key': self.key
+        }
+        # Make the request
+        response = requests.get(url, params=params)
+        # Parse the response
+        response_data = json.loads(response.content)
+        # Get the results
+        results = response_data['resourceSets'][0]['resources']
+        addresses = []
+        for result in results:
+            name = result['name']
+            address = result['Address']['formattedAddress']
+            addresses.append(dict(name=name, address=address))
+            if len(addresses) == 5:
+                break
+        return dict(place=addresses)
+
+
+class AsyncBINGMap(AsyncActionMixin, BINGMap):
+    """BING Map plugin for looking up map information."""
+
+    @tool_api(explode_return=True)
+    async def get_distance(self, start: str, end: str) -> dict:
+        """Get the distance between two locations in km.
+
+        Args:
+            start (:class:`str`): The start location
+            end (:class:`str`): The end location
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`dict`: distance information
+                * distance (str): the distance in km.
+        """
+        # Request URL
+        url = self.base_url + 'Routes/Driving?o=json&wp.0=' + start + '&wp.1=' + end + '&key=' + self.key
+        # GET request
+        async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:
+            async with session.get(url) as resp:
+                # TODO check request status?
+                data = await resp.json()
+        # Extract route information
+        route = data['resourceSets'][0]['resources'][0]
+        # Extract distance in miles
+        distance = route['travelDistance']
+        return dict(distance=distance)
+
+    @tool_api(explode_return=True)
+    async def get_route(self, start: str, end: str) -> dict:
+        """Get the route between two locations in km.
+
+        Args:
+            start (:class:`str`): The start location
+            end (:class:`str`): The end location
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`dict`: route information
+                * route (list): the route, a list of actions.
+        """
+        # Request URL
+        url = self.base_url + 'Routes/Driving?o=json&wp.0=' + start + '&wp.1=' + end + '&key=' + self.key
+        # GET request
+        async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:
+            async with session.get(url) as resp:
+                data = await resp.json()
+        # Extract route information
+        route = data['resourceSets'][0]['resources'][0]
+        itinerary = route['routeLegs'][0]['itineraryItems']
+        # Extract route text information
+        route_text = []
+        for item in itinerary:
+            if 'instruction' in item:
+                route_text.append(item['instruction']['text'])
+        return dict(route=route_text)
+
+    @tool_api(explode_return=True)
+    async def get_coordinates(self, location: str) -> dict:
+        """Get the coordinates of a location.
+
+        Args:
+            location (:class:`str`): the location need to get coordinates.
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`dict`: coordinates information
+                * latitude (float): the latitude of the location.
+                * longitude (float): the longitude of the location.
+        """
+        url = self.base_url + 'Locations'
+        params = {'query': location, 'key': self.key}
+        async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:
+            async with session.get(url, params=params) as resp:
+                data = await resp.json()
+        coordinates = data['resourceSets'][0]['resources'][0]['point'][
+            'coordinates']
+        return dict(latitude=coordinates[0], longitude=coordinates[1])
+
+    @tool_api(explode_return=True)
+    async def search_nearby(self,
+                            search_term: str,
+                            places: str = 'unknown',
+                            latitude: float = 0.0,
+                            longitude: float = 0.0,
+                            radius: int = 5000) -> dict:
+        """Search for places nearby a location, within a given radius, and return the results into a list. You can use either the places name or the latitude and longitude.
+
+        Args:
+            search_term (:class:`str`): the place name.
+            places (:class:`str`): the name of the location. Defaults to ``'unknown'``.
+            latitude (:class:`float`): the latitude of the location. Defaults to ``0.0``.
+            longitude (:class:`float`): the longitude of the location. Defaults to ``0.0``.
+            radius (:class:`int`): radius in meters. Defaults to ``5000``.
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`dict`: places information
+                * places (list): the list of places, each place is a dict with name and address, at most 5 places.
+        """
+        url = self.base_url + 'LocalSearch'
+        if places != 'unknown':
+            pos = self.get_coordinates(**{'location': places})
+            latitude, longitude = pos[1]['latitude'], pos[1]['longitude']
+        # Build the request query string
+        params = {
+            'query': search_term,
+            'userLocation': f'{latitude},{longitude}',
+            'radius': radius,
+            'key': self.key
+        }
+        async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:
+            async with session.get(url, params=params) as resp:
+                data = await resp.json()
+        results = data['resourceSets'][0]['resources']
+        addresses = []
+        for result in results:
+            name = result['name']
+            address = result['Address']['formattedAddress']
+            addresses.append(dict(name=name, address=address))
+            if len(addresses) == 5:
+                break
+        return dict(place=addresses)

lagent/actions/builtin_actions.py

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+from typing import Optional
+
+from lagent.actions.base_action import BaseAction, tool_api
+from lagent.actions.parser import BaseParser
+from lagent.schema import ActionReturn, ActionStatusCode, ActionValidCode
+
+
+class InvalidAction(BaseAction):
+    """This is a invalid action class, which is used to return error message
+    when the action is invalid.
+
+    Args:
+        err_msg (str): The error message. Defaults to 'The action is invalid,
+            please check the action name'.
+
+    Returns:
+        ActionReturn: The action return.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self,
+                 err_msg:
+                 str = 'The action is invalid, please check the action name.',
+                 description: Optional[dict] = None,
+                 parser=BaseParser) -> None:
+        super().__init__(description, parser)
+        self._err_msg = err_msg
+
+    @tool_api
+    def run(self, err_msg: Optional[str] = None) -> ActionReturn:
+        """Return the error message.
+
+        Args:
+            err_msg (str, optional): The error message. If err_msg is not None,
+                it will be returned, otherwise the default error message will
+                be returned. Defaults to None.
+        """
+        action_return = ActionReturn(
+            url=None,
+            args=dict(text=err_msg),
+            errmsg=err_msg or self._err_msg,
+            type=self.name,
+            valid=ActionValidCode.INVALID,
+            state=ActionStatusCode.API_ERROR)
+        return action_return
+
+
+class NoAction(BaseAction):
+    """This is a no action class, which is used to return error message when
+    the response does not follow the format.
+
+    Args:
+        err_msg (str): The error message. Defaults to
+            'Please follow the format'.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self,
+                 err_msg: str = 'Please follow the format',
+                 description: Optional[dict] = None,
+                 parser=BaseParser):
+        super().__init__(description, parser)
+        self._err_msg = err_msg
+
+    @tool_api
+    def run(self, err_msg: Optional[str] = None) -> ActionReturn:
+        """Return the error message.
+
+        Args:
+            err_msg (str, optional): The error message. If err_msg is not None,
+                it will be returned, otherwise the default error message will
+                be returned. Defaults to None.
+
+        Returns:
+            ActionReturn: The action return.
+        """
+        action_return = ActionReturn(
+            url=None,
+            args=dict(text=err_msg),
+            type=self.name,
+            errmsg=err_msg or self._err_msg,
+            valid=ActionValidCode.INVALID,
+            state=ActionStatusCode.API_ERROR)
+        return action_return
+
+
+class FinishAction(BaseAction):
+    """This is a finish action class, which is used to return the final
+    result."""
+
+    def __init__(self, description: Optional[dict] = None, parser=BaseParser):
+        super().__init__(description, parser)
+
+    @tool_api
+    def run(self, response: str) -> ActionReturn:
+        """Return the final result.
+
+        Args:
+            response (str): The final result.
+
+        Returns:
+            ActionReturn: The action return.
+        """
+        action_return = ActionReturn(
+            url=None,
+            args=dict(text=response),
+            result=[dict(type='text', content=response)],
+            type=self.name,
+            valid=ActionValidCode.FINISH,
+            state=ActionStatusCode.SUCCESS)
+        return action_return

lagent/actions/google_scholar_search.py

@@ -0,0 +1,438 @@
+# flake8: noqa: E501
+import os
+from typing import Optional, Type
+
+from asyncer import asyncify
+
+from lagent.actions.base_action import AsyncActionMixin, BaseAction, tool_api
+from lagent.schema import ActionReturn, ActionStatusCode
+from .parser import BaseParser, JsonParser
+
+
+class GoogleScholar(BaseAction):
+    """Plugin for google scholar search.
+
+    Args:
+        api_key (str): API KEY to use serper google search API,
+            You can create a free API key at https://serper.dev.
+        description (dict): The description of the action. Defaults to ``None``.
+        parser (Type[BaseParser]): The parser class to process the
+            action's inputs and outputs. Defaults to :class:`JsonParser`.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        api_key: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[dict] = None,
+        parser: Type[BaseParser] = JsonParser,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(description, parser)
+        api_key = os.environ.get('SERPER_API_KEY', api_key)
+        if api_key is None:
+            raise ValueError(
+                'Please set Serper API key either in the environment '
+                'as SERPER_API_KEY or pass it as `api_key` parameter.'
+            )
+        self.api_key = api_key
+
+    @tool_api(explode_return=True)
+    def search_google_scholar(
+        self,
+        query: str,
+        cites: Optional[str] = None,
+        as_ylo: Optional[int] = None,
+        as_yhi: Optional[int] = None,
+        scisbd: Optional[int] = None,
+        cluster: Optional[str] = None,
+        hl: Optional[str] = None,
+        lr: Optional[str] = None,
+        start: Optional[int] = None,
+        num: Optional[int] = None,
+        as_sdt: Optional[str] = None,
+        safe: Optional[str] = None,
+        filter: Optional[str] = None,
+        as_vis: Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> dict:
+        """Search for scholarly articles based on a query according to the google scholar.
+
+        Args:
+            query (str): The query to search for.
+            cites (Optional[str]): The unique ID of an article for triggering "Cited By" searches.
+            as_ylo (Optional[int]): The starting year for results (e.g., if as_ylo=2018, results before this year will be omitted).
+            as_yhi (Optional[int]): The ending year for results (e.g., if as_yhi=2018, results after this year will be omitted).
+            scisbd (Optional[int]): Defines articles added in the last year, sorted by date. It can be set to 1 to include only abstracts, or 2 to include everything.
+            cluster (Optional[str]): The unique ID of an article for triggering "All Versions" searches.
+            hl (Optional[str]): The language to use for the Google Scholar search.
+            lr (Optional[str]): One or multiple languages to limit the search to.
+            start (Optional[int]): The result offset for pagination (0 is the first page of results, 10 is the 2nd page, etc.)
+            num (Optional[int]): The maximum number of results to return, limited to 20.
+            as_sdt (Optional[str]): Can be used either as a search type or a filter.
+            safe (Optional[str]): The level of filtering for adult content.
+            filter (Optional[str]): Defines if the filters for 'Similar Results' and 'Omitted Results' are on or off.
+            as_vis (Optional[str]): Defines whether to include citations or not.
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`dict`: article information
+                - title: a list of the titles of the three selected papers
+                - cited_by: a list of the citation numbers of the three selected papers
+                - organic_id: a list of the organic results' ids of the three selected papers
+                - pub_info: publication information of selected papers
+        """
+        from serpapi import GoogleSearch
+
+        params = {
+            'q': query,
+            'engine': 'google_scholar',
+            'api_key': self.api_key,
+            'cites': cites,
+            'as_ylo': as_ylo,
+            'as_yhi': as_yhi,
+            'scisbd': scisbd,
+            'cluster': cluster,
+            'hl': hl,
+            'lr': lr,
+            'start': start,
+            'num': num,
+            'as_sdt': as_sdt,
+            'safe': safe,
+            'filter': filter,
+            'as_vis': as_vis,
+        }
+        search = GoogleSearch(params)
+        try:
+            r = search.get_dict()
+            results = r['organic_results']
+            title = []
+            snippets = []
+            cited_by = []
+            organic_id = []
+            pub_info = []
+            for item in results[:3]:
+                title.append(item['title'])
+                pub_info.append(item['publication_info']['summary'])
+                citation = item['inline_links'].get('cited_by', {'total': ''})
+                cited_by.append(citation['total'])
+                snippets.append(item['snippet'])
+                organic_id.append(item['result_id'])
+            return dict(title=title, cited_by=cited_by, organic_id=organic_id, snippets=snippets)
+        except Exception as e:
+            return ActionReturn(errmsg=str(e), state=ActionStatusCode.HTTP_ERROR)
+
+    @tool_api(explode_return=True)
+    def get_author_information(
+        self,
+        author_id: str,
+        hl: Optional[str] = None,
+        view_op: Optional[str] = None,
+        sort: Optional[str] = None,
+        citation_id: Optional[str] = None,
+        start: Optional[int] = None,
+        num: Optional[int] = None,
+        no_cache: Optional[bool] = None,
+        async_req: Optional[bool] = None,
+        output: Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> dict:
+        """Search for an author's information by author's id provided by get_author_id.
+
+        Args:
+            author_id (str): Required. The ID of an author.
+            hl (Optional[str]): The language to use for the Google Scholar Author search. Default is 'en'.
+            view_op (Optional[str]): Used for viewing specific parts of a page.
+            sort (Optional[str]): Used for sorting and refining articles.
+            citation_id (Optional[str]): Used for retrieving individual article citation.
+            start (Optional[int]): Defines the result offset. Default is 0.
+            num (Optional[int]): Defines the number of results to return. Default is 20.
+            no_cache (Optional[bool]): Forces SerpApi to fetch the results even if a cached version is already present. Default is False.
+            async_req (Optional[bool]): Defines the way you want to submit your search to SerpApi. Default is False.
+            output (Optional[str]): Defines the final output you want. Default is 'json'.
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`dict`: author information
+                * name: author's name
+                * affliation: the affliation of the author
+                * articles: at most 3 articles by the author
+                * website: the author's homepage url
+        """
+        from serpapi import GoogleSearch
+
+        params = {
+            'engine': 'google_scholar_author',
+            'author_id': author_id,
+            'api_key': self.api_key,
+            'hl': hl,
+            'view_op': view_op,
+            'sort': sort,
+            'citation_id': citation_id,
+            'start': start,
+            'num': num,
+            'no_cache': no_cache,
+            'async': async_req,
+            'output': output,
+        }
+        try:
+            search = GoogleSearch(params)
+            results = search.get_dict()
+            author = results['author']
+            articles = results.get('articles', [])
+            return dict(
+                name=author['name'],
+                affiliations=author.get('affiliations', ''),
+                website=author.get('website', ''),
+                articles=[dict(title=article['title'], authors=article['authors']) for article in articles[:3]],
+            )
+        except Exception as e:
+            return ActionReturn(errmsg=str(e), state=ActionStatusCode.HTTP_ERROR)
+
+    @tool_api(explode_return=True)
+    def get_citation_format(
+        self,
+        q: str,
+        no_cache: Optional[bool] = None,
+        async_: Optional[bool] = None,
+        output: Optional[str] = 'json',
+    ) -> dict:
+        """Function to get MLA citation format by an identification of organic_result's id provided by search_google_scholar.
+
+        Args:
+            q (str): ID of an individual Google Scholar organic search result.
+            no_cache (Optional[bool]): If set to True, will force SerpApi to fetch the Google Scholar Cite results even if a cached version is already present. Defaults to None.
+            async_ (Optional[bool]): If set to True, will submit search to SerpApi and retrieve results later. Defaults to None.
+            output (Optional[str]): Final output format. Set to 'json' to get a structured JSON of the results, or 'html' to get the raw html retrieved. Defaults to 'json'.
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`dict`: citation format
+                * authors: the authors of the article
+                * citation: the citation format of the article
+        """
+        from serpapi import GoogleSearch
+
+        params = {
+            'q': q,
+            'engine': 'google_scholar_cite',
+            'api_key': self.api_key,
+            'no_cache': no_cache,
+            'async': async_,
+            'output': output,
+        }
+        try:
+            search = GoogleSearch(params)
+            results = search.get_dict()
+            citation = results['citations']
+            citation_info = citation[0]['snippet']
+            return citation_info
+        except Exception as e:
+            return ActionReturn(errmsg=str(e), state=ActionStatusCode.HTTP_ERROR)
+
+    @tool_api(explode_return=True)
+    def get_author_id(
+        self,
+        mauthors: str,
+        hl: Optional[str] = 'en',
+        after_author: Optional[str] = None,
+        before_author: Optional[str] = None,
+        no_cache: Optional[bool] = False,
+        _async: Optional[bool] = False,
+        output: Optional[str] = 'json',
+    ) -> dict:
+        """The getAuthorId function is used to get the author's id by his or her name.
+
+        Args:
+            mauthors (str): Defines the author you want to search for.
+            hl (Optional[str]): Defines the language to use for the Google Scholar Profiles search. It's a two-letter language code. (e.g., 'en' for English, 'es' for Spanish, or 'fr' for French). Defaults to 'en'.
+            after_author (Optional[str]): Defines the next page token. It is used for retrieving the next page results. The parameter has the precedence over before_author parameter. Defaults to None.
+            before_author (Optional[str]): Defines the previous page token. It is used for retrieving the previous page results. Defaults to None.
+            no_cache (Optional[bool]): Will force SerpApi to fetch the Google Scholar Profiles results even if a cached version is already present. Defaults to False.
+            _async (Optional[bool]): Defines the way you want to submit your search to SerpApi. Defaults to False.
+            output (Optional[str]): Defines the final output you want. It can be set to 'json' (default) to get a structured JSON of the results, or 'html' to get the raw html retrieved. Defaults to 'json'.
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`dict`: author id
+                * author_id: the author_id of the author
+        """
+        from serpapi import GoogleSearch
+
+        params = {
+            'mauthors': mauthors,
+            'engine': 'google_scholar_profiles',
+            'api_key': self.api_key,
+            'hl': hl,
+            'after_author': after_author,
+            'before_author': before_author,
+            'no_cache': no_cache,
+            'async': _async,
+            'output': output,
+        }
+        try:
+            search = GoogleSearch(params)
+            results = search.get_dict()
+            profile = results['profiles']
+            author_info = dict(author_id=profile[0]['author_id'])
+            return author_info
+        except Exception as e:
+            return ActionReturn(errmsg=str(e), state=ActionStatusCode.HTTP_ERROR)
+
+
+class AsyncGoogleScholar(AsyncActionMixin, GoogleScholar):
+    """Plugin for google scholar search.
+
+    Args:
+        api_key (str): API KEY to use serper google search API,
+            You can create a free API key at https://serper.dev.
+        description (dict): The description of the action. Defaults to ``None``.
+        parser (Type[BaseParser]): The parser class to process the
+            action's inputs and outputs. Defaults to :class:`JsonParser`.
+    """
+
+    @tool_api(explode_return=True)
+    @asyncify
+    def search_google_scholar(
+        self,
+        query: str,
+        cites: Optional[str] = None,
+        as_ylo: Optional[int] = None,
+        as_yhi: Optional[int] = None,
+        scisbd: Optional[int] = None,
+        cluster: Optional[str] = None,
+        hl: Optional[str] = None,
+        lr: Optional[str] = None,
+        start: Optional[int] = None,
+        num: Optional[int] = None,
+        as_sdt: Optional[str] = None,
+        safe: Optional[str] = None,
+        filter: Optional[str] = None,
+        as_vis: Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> dict:
+        """Search for scholarly articles based on a query according to the google scholar.
+
+        Args:
+            query (str): The query to search for.
+            cites (Optional[str]): The unique ID of an article for triggering "Cited By" searches.
+            as_ylo (Optional[int]): The starting year for results (e.g., if as_ylo=2018, results before this year will be omitted).
+            as_yhi (Optional[int]): The ending year for results (e.g., if as_yhi=2018, results after this year will be omitted).
+            scisbd (Optional[int]): Defines articles added in the last year, sorted by date. It can be set to 1 to include only abstracts, or 2 to include everything.
+            cluster (Optional[str]): The unique ID of an article for triggering "All Versions" searches.
+            hl (Optional[str]): The language to use for the Google Scholar search.
+            lr (Optional[str]): One or multiple languages to limit the search to.
+            start (Optional[int]): The result offset for pagination (0 is the first page of results, 10 is the 2nd page, etc.)
+            num (Optional[int]): The maximum number of results to return, limited to 20.
+            as_sdt (Optional[str]): Can be used either as a search type or a filter.
+            safe (Optional[str]): The level of filtering for adult content.
+            filter (Optional[str]): Defines if the filters for 'Similar Results' and 'Omitted Results' are on or off.
+            as_vis (Optional[str]): Defines whether to include citations or not.
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`dict`: article information
+                - title: a list of the titles of the three selected papers
+                - cited_by: a list of the citation numbers of the three selected papers
+                - organic_id: a list of the organic results' ids of the three selected papers
+                - pub_info: publication information of selected papers
+        """
+        return super().search_google_scholar(
+            query,
+            cites,
+            as_ylo,
+            as_yhi,
+            scisbd,
+            cluster,
+            hl,
+            lr,
+            start,
+            num,
+            as_sdt,
+            safe,
+            filter,
+            as_vis,
+        )
+
+    @tool_api(explode_return=True)
+    @asyncify
+    def get_author_information(
+        self,
+        author_id: str,
+        hl: Optional[str] = None,
+        view_op: Optional[str] = None,
+        sort: Optional[str] = None,
+        citation_id: Optional[str] = None,
+        start: Optional[int] = None,
+        num: Optional[int] = None,
+        no_cache: Optional[bool] = None,
+        async_req: Optional[bool] = None,
+        output: Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> dict:
+        """Search for an author's information by author's id provided by get_author_id.
+
+        Args:
+            author_id (str): Required. The ID of an author.
+            hl (Optional[str]): The language to use for the Google Scholar Author search. Default is 'en'.
+            view_op (Optional[str]): Used for viewing specific parts of a page.
+            sort (Optional[str]): Used for sorting and refining articles.
+            citation_id (Optional[str]): Used for retrieving individual article citation.
+            start (Optional[int]): Defines the result offset. Default is 0.
+            num (Optional[int]): Defines the number of results to return. Default is 20.
+            no_cache (Optional[bool]): Forces SerpApi to fetch the results even if a cached version is already present. Default is False.
+            async_req (Optional[bool]): Defines the way you want to submit your search to SerpApi. Default is False.
+            output (Optional[str]): Defines the final output you want. Default is 'json'.
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`dict`: author information
+                * name: author's name
+                * affliation: the affliation of the author
+                * articles: at most 3 articles by the author
+                * website: the author's homepage url
+        """
+        return super().get_author_information(
+            author_id, hl, view_op, sort, citation_id, start, num, no_cache, async_req, output
+        )
+
+    @tool_api(explode_return=True)
+    @asyncify
+    def get_citation_format(
+        self,
+        q: str,
+        no_cache: Optional[bool] = None,
+        async_: Optional[bool] = None,
+        output: Optional[str] = 'json',
+    ) -> dict:
+        """Function to get MLA citation format by an identification of organic_result's id provided by search_google_scholar.
+
+        Args:
+            q (str): ID of an individual Google Scholar organic search result.
+            no_cache (Optional[bool]): If set to True, will force SerpApi to fetch the Google Scholar Cite results even if a cached version is already present. Defaults to None.
+            async_ (Optional[bool]): If set to True, will submit search to SerpApi and retrieve results later. Defaults to None.
+            output (Optional[str]): Final output format. Set to 'json' to get a structured JSON of the results, or 'html' to get the raw html retrieved. Defaults to 'json'.
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`dict`: citation format
+                * authors: the authors of the article
+                * citation: the citation format of the article
+        """
+        return super().get_citation_format(q, no_cache, async_, output)
+
+    @tool_api(explode_return=True)
+    @asyncify
+    def get_author_id(
+        self,
+        mauthors: str,
+        hl: Optional[str] = 'en',
+        after_author: Optional[str] = None,
+        before_author: Optional[str] = None,
+        no_cache: Optional[bool] = False,
+        _async: Optional[bool] = False,
+        output: Optional[str] = 'json',
+    ) -> dict:
+        """The getAuthorId function is used to get the author's id by his or her name.
+
+        Args:
+            mauthors (str): Defines the author you want to search for.
+            hl (Optional[str]): Defines the language to use for the Google Scholar Profiles search. It's a two-letter language code. (e.g., 'en' for English, 'es' for Spanish, or 'fr' for French). Defaults to 'en'.
+            after_author (Optional[str]): Defines the next page token. It is used for retrieving the next page results. The parameter has the precedence over before_author parameter. Defaults to None.
+            before_author (Optional[str]): Defines the previous page token. It is used for retrieving the previous page results. Defaults to None.
+            no_cache (Optional[bool]): Will force SerpApi to fetch the Google Scholar Profiles results even if a cached version is already present. Defaults to False.
+            _async (Optional[bool]): Defines the way you want to submit your search to SerpApi. Defaults to False.
+            output (Optional[str]): Defines the final output you want. It can be set to 'json' (default) to get a structured JSON of the results, or 'html' to get the raw html retrieved. Defaults to 'json'.
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`dict`: author id
+                * author_id: the author_id of the author
+        """
+        return super().get_author_id(mauthors, hl, after_author, before_author, no_cache, _async, output)

lagent/actions/google_search.py

@@ -0,0 +1,244 @@
+import os
+from typing import List, Optional, Tuple, Type, Union
+
+import aiohttp
+import requests
+
+from lagent.schema import ActionReturn, ActionStatusCode
+from .base_action import AsyncActionMixin, BaseAction, tool_api
+from .parser import BaseParser, JsonParser
+
+
+class GoogleSearch(BaseAction):
+    """Wrapper around the Serper.dev Google Search API.
+
+    To use, you should pass your serper API key to the constructor.
+
+    Code is modified from lang-chain GoogleSerperAPIWrapper
+    (https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/blob/ba5f
+    baba704a2d729a4b8f568ed70d7c53e799bb/libs/langchain/
+    langchain/utilities/google_serper.py)
+
+    Args:
+        api_key (str): API KEY to use serper google search API,
+            You can create a free API key at https://serper.dev.
+        timeout (int): Upper bound of waiting time for a serper request.
+        search_type (str): Serper API support ['search', 'images', 'news',
+            'places'] types of search, currently we only support 'search'.
+        description (dict): The description of the action. Defaults to ``None``.
+        parser (Type[BaseParser]): The parser class to process the
+            action's inputs and outputs. Defaults to :class:`JsonParser`.
+    """
+    result_key_for_type = {
+        'news': 'news',
+        'places': 'places',
+        'images': 'images',
+        'search': 'organic',
+    }
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        api_key: Optional[str] = None,
+        timeout: int = 5,
+        search_type: str = 'search',
+        description: Optional[dict] = None,
+        parser: Type[BaseParser] = JsonParser,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(description, parser)
+        api_key = os.environ.get('SERPER_API_KEY', api_key)
+        if api_key is None:
+            raise ValueError(
+                'Please set Serper API key either in the environment '
+                'as SERPER_API_KEY or pass it as `api_key` parameter.')
+        self.api_key = api_key
+        self.timeout = timeout
+        self.search_type = search_type
+
+    @tool_api
+    def run(self, query: str, k: int = 10) -> ActionReturn:
+        """一个可以从谷歌搜索结果的API。当你需要对于一个特定问题找到简短明了的回答时，可以使用它。输入应该是一个搜索查询。
+
+        Args:
+            query (str): the search content
+            k (int): select first k results in the search results as response
+        """
+        tool_return = ActionReturn(type=self.name)
+        status_code, response = self._search(query, k=k)
+        # convert search results to ToolReturn format
+        if status_code == -1:
+            tool_return.errmsg = response
+            tool_return.state = ActionStatusCode.HTTP_ERROR
+        elif status_code == 200:
+            parsed_res = self._parse_results(response, k)
+            tool_return.result = [dict(type='text', content=str(parsed_res))]
+            tool_return.state = ActionStatusCode.SUCCESS
+        else:
+            tool_return.errmsg = str(status_code)
+            tool_return.state = ActionStatusCode.API_ERROR
+        return tool_return
+
+    def _parse_results(self, results: dict, k: int) -> Union[str, List[str]]:
+        """Parse the search results from Serper API.
+
+        Args:
+            results (dict): The search content from Serper API
+                in json format.
+
+        Returns:
+            List[str]: The parsed search results.
+        """
+
+        snippets = []
+
+        if results.get('answerBox'):
+            answer_box = results.get('answerBox', {})
+            if answer_box.get('answer'):
+                return [answer_box.get('answer')]
+            elif answer_box.get('snippet'):
+                return [answer_box.get('snippet').replace('\n', ' ')]
+            elif answer_box.get('snippetHighlighted'):
+                return answer_box.get('snippetHighlighted')
+
+        if results.get('knowledgeGraph'):
+            kg = results.get('knowledgeGraph', {})
+            title = kg.get('title')
+            entity_type = kg.get('type')
+            if entity_type:
+                snippets.append(f'{title}: {entity_type}.')
+            description = kg.get('description')
+            if description:
+                snippets.append(description)
+            for attribute, value in kg.get('attributes', {}).items():
+                snippets.append(f'{title} {attribute}: {value}.')
+
+        for result in results[self.result_key_for_type[
+                self.search_type]][:k]:
+            if 'snippet' in result:
+                snippets.append(result['snippet'])
+            for attribute, value in result.get('attributes', {}).items():
+                snippets.append(f'{attribute}: {value}.')
+
+        if len(snippets) == 0:
+            return ['No good Google Search Result was found']
+        return snippets
+
+    def _search(self,
+                search_term: str,
+                search_type: Optional[str] = None,
+                **kwargs) -> Tuple[int, Union[dict, str]]:
+        """HTTP requests to Serper API.
+
+        Args:
+            search_term (str): The search query.
+            search_type (str): search type supported by Serper API,
+                default to 'search'.
+
+        Returns:
+            tuple: the return value is a tuple contains:
+                - status_code (int): HTTP status code from Serper API.
+                - response (dict): response context with json format.
+        """
+        headers = {
+            'X-API-KEY': self.api_key or '',
+            'Content-Type': 'application/json',
+        }
+        params = {
+            'q': search_term,
+            **{
+                key: value
+                for key, value in kwargs.items() if value is not None
+            },
+        }
+        try:
+            response = requests.post(
+                f'https://google.serper.dev/{search_type or self.search_type}',
+                headers=headers,
+                params=params,
+                timeout=self.timeout)
+        except Exception as e:
+            return -1, str(e)
+        return response.status_code, response.json()
+
+
+class AsyncGoogleSearch(AsyncActionMixin, GoogleSearch):
+    """Wrapper around the Serper.dev Google Search API.
+
+    To use, you should pass your serper API key to the constructor.
+
+    Code is modified from lang-chain GoogleSerperAPIWrapper
+    (https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/blob/ba5f
+    baba704a2d729a4b8f568ed70d7c53e799bb/libs/langchain/
+    langchain/utilities/google_serper.py)
+
+    Args:
+        api_key (str): API KEY to use serper google search API,
+            You can create a free API key at https://serper.dev.
+        timeout (int): Upper bound of waiting time for a serper request.
+        search_type (str): Serper API support ['search', 'images', 'news',
+            'places'] types of search, currently we only support 'search'.
+        description (dict): The description of the action. Defaults to ``None``.
+        parser (Type[BaseParser]): The parser class to process the
+            action's inputs and outputs. Defaults to :class:`JsonParser`.
+    """
+
+    @tool_api
+    async def run(self, query: str, k: int = 10) -> ActionReturn:
+        """一个可以从谷歌搜索结果的API。当你需要对于一个特定问题找到简短明了的回答时，可以使用它。输入应该是一个搜索查询。
+
+        Args:
+            query (str): the search content
+            k (int): select first k results in the search results as response
+        """
+        tool_return = ActionReturn(type=self.name)
+        status_code, response = await self._search(query, k=k)
+        # convert search results to ToolReturn format
+        if status_code == -1:
+            tool_return.errmsg = response
+            tool_return.state = ActionStatusCode.HTTP_ERROR
+        elif status_code == 200:
+            parsed_res = self._parse_results(response)
+            tool_return.result = [dict(type='text', content=str(parsed_res))]
+            tool_return.state = ActionStatusCode.SUCCESS
+        else:
+            tool_return.errmsg = str(status_code)
+            tool_return.state = ActionStatusCode.API_ERROR
+        return tool_return
+
+    async def _search(self,
+                      search_term: str,
+                      search_type: Optional[str] = None,
+                      **kwargs) -> Tuple[int, Union[dict, str]]:
+        """HTTP requests to Serper API.
+
+        Args:
+            search_term (str): The search query.
+            search_type (str): search type supported by Serper API,
+                default to 'search'.
+
+        Returns:
+            tuple: the return value is a tuple contains:
+                - status_code (int): HTTP status code from Serper API.
+                - response (dict): response context with json format.
+        """
+        headers = {
+            'X-API-KEY': self.api_key or '',
+            'Content-Type': 'application/json',
+        }
+        params = {
+            'q': search_term,
+            **{
+                key: value
+                for key, value in kwargs.items() if value is not None
+            },
+        }
+        timeout = aiohttp.ClientTimeout(total=self.timeout)
+        async with aiohttp.ClientSession(timeout=timeout) as session:
+            try:
+                async with session.post(
+                        f'https://google.serper.dev/{search_type or self.search_type}',
+                        headers=headers,
+                        params=params) as resp:
+                    code, ret = resp.status, await resp.json()
+            except aiohttp.ClientError as e:
+                code, ret = -1, str(e)
+        return code, ret

lagent/actions/ipython_interactive.py

@@ -0,0 +1,273 @@
+import re
+import signal
+from contextlib import contextmanager, redirect_stdout
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from enum import Enum
+from io import StringIO
+from typing import Optional, Type
+
+from ..schema import ActionReturn, ActionStatusCode
+from .base_action import AsyncActionMixin, BaseAction, tool_api
+from .parser import BaseParser, JsonParser
+
+
+class Status(str, Enum):
+    """Execution status."""
+    SUCCESS = 'success'
+    FAILURE = 'failure'
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ExecutionResult:
+    """Execution result."""
+    status: Status
+    value: Optional[str] = None
+    msg: Optional[str] = None
+
+
+@contextmanager
+def _raise_timeout(timeout):
+
+    def _handler(signum, frame):
+        raise TimeoutError()
+
+    signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, _handler)
+    signal.alarm(timeout)
+
+    try:
+        yield
+    finally:
+        signal.alarm(0)
+
+
+class IPythonInteractive(BaseAction):
+    """An interactive IPython shell for code execution.
+
+    Args:
+        timeout (int): Upper bound of waiting time for Python script execution.
+            Defaults to ``20``.
+        max_out_len (int): maximum output length. No truncation occurs if negative.
+            Defaults to ``2048``.
+        use_signals (bool): whether signals should be used for timing function out
+            or the multiprocessing. Set to ``False`` when not running in the main
+            thread, e.g. web applications. Defaults to ``True``
+        description (dict): The description of the action. Defaults to ``None``.
+        parser (Type[BaseParser]): The parser class to process the
+            action's inputs and outputs. Defaults to :class:`JsonParser`.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        timeout: int = 30,
+        max_out_len: int = 8192,
+        use_signals: bool = True,
+        description: Optional[dict] = None,
+        parser: Type[BaseParser] = JsonParser,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(description, parser)
+        self.timeout = timeout
+        self._executor = self.create_shell()
+        self._highlighting = re.compile(
+            r'(?:\x1B[@-_]|[\x80-\x9F])[0-?]*[ -/]*[@-~]')
+        self._max_out_len = max_out_len if max_out_len >= 0 else None
+        self._use_signals = use_signals
+
+    def reset(self):
+        """Clear the context."""
+        self._executor.reset()
+
+    @tool_api
+    def run(self, command: str, timeout: Optional[int] = None) -> ActionReturn:
+        """Launch an IPython Interactive Shell to execute code.
+
+        Args:
+            command (:class:`str`): Python code snippet
+            timeout (:class:`Optional[int]`): timeout for execution.
+                This argument only works in the main thread. Defaults to ``None``.
+        """
+        from timeout_decorator import timeout as timer
+        tool_return = ActionReturn(args={'text': command}, type=self.name)
+        ret = (
+            timer(timeout or self.timeout)(self.exec)(command)
+            if self._use_signals else self.exec(command))
+        if ret.status is Status.SUCCESS:
+            tool_return.result = [{'type': 'text', 'content': ret.value}]
+            tool_return.state = ActionStatusCode.SUCCESS
+        else:
+            tool_return.errmsg = ret.msg
+            tool_return.state = ActionStatusCode.API_ERROR
+        return tool_return
+
+    def exec(self, code: str) -> ExecutionResult:
+        """Run Python scripts in IPython shell.
+
+        Args:
+            code (:class:`str`): code block
+
+        Returns:
+            :py:class:`ExecutionResult`: execution result
+        """
+        with StringIO() as io:
+            with redirect_stdout(io):
+                ret = self._executor.run_cell(self.extract_code(code))
+                result = ret.result
+                if result is not None:
+                    return ExecutionResult(Status.SUCCESS,
+                                           str(result)[:self._max_out_len])
+            outs = io.getvalue().strip().split('\n')
+        if not outs:
+            return ExecutionResult(Status.SUCCESS, '')
+        for i, out in enumerate(outs):
+            if re.search('Error|Traceback', out, re.S):
+                if 'TimeoutError' in out:
+                    return ExecutionResult(
+                        Status.FAILURE,
+                        msg=('The code interpreter encountered '
+                             'a timeout error.'))
+                err_idx = i
+                break
+        else:
+            return ExecutionResult(Status.SUCCESS,
+                                   outs[-1].strip()[:self._max_out_len])
+        return ExecutionResult(
+            Status.FAILURE,
+            msg=self._highlighting.sub(
+                '', '\n'.join(outs[err_idx:])[:self._max_out_len]),
+        )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def create_shell():
+        from IPython import InteractiveShell
+        from traitlets.config import Config
+
+        c = Config()
+        c.HistoryManager.enabled = False
+        c.HistoryManager.hist_file = ':memory:'
+        return InteractiveShell(
+            user_ns={'_raise_timeout': _raise_timeout}, config=c)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def extract_code(text: str) -> str:
+        """Extract Python code from markup languages.
+
+        Args:
+            text (:class:`str`): Markdown-formatted text
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`str`: Python code
+        """
+        import json5
+
+        # Match triple backtick blocks first
+        triple_match = re.search(r'```[^\n]*\n(.+?)```', text, re.DOTALL)
+        # Match single backtick blocks second
+        single_match = re.search(r'`([^`]*)`', text, re.DOTALL)
+        if triple_match:
+            text = triple_match.group(1)
+        elif single_match:
+            text = single_match.group(1)
+        else:
+            try:
+                text = json5.loads(text)['code']
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+        # If no code blocks found, return original text
+        return text
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def wrap_code_with_timeout(code: str, timeout: int) -> str:
+        if not code.strip():
+            return code
+        code = code.strip('\n').rstrip()
+        indent = len(code) - len(code.lstrip())
+        handle = ' ' * indent + f'with _raise_timeout({timeout}):\n'
+        block = '\n'.join(['    ' + line for line in code.split('\n')])
+        wrapped_code = handle + block
+        last_line = code.split('\n')[-1]
+        is_expression = True
+        try:
+            compile(last_line.lstrip(), '<stdin>', 'eval')
+        except SyntaxError:
+            is_expression = False
+        if is_expression:
+            wrapped_code += '\n' * 5 + last_line
+        return wrapped_code
+
+
+class AsyncIPythonInteractive(AsyncActionMixin, IPythonInteractive):
+    """An interactive IPython shell for code execution.
+
+    Args:
+        timeout (int): Upper bound of waiting time for Python script execution.
+            Defaults to ``20``.
+        max_out_len (int): maximum output length. No truncation occurs if negative.
+            Defaults to ``2048``.
+        use_signals (bool): whether signals should be used for timing function out
+            or the multiprocessing. Set to ``False`` when not running in the main
+            thread, e.g. web applications. Defaults to ``True``
+        description (dict): The description of the action. Defaults to ``None``.
+        parser (Type[BaseParser]): The parser class to process the
+            action's inputs and outputs. Defaults to :class:`JsonParser`.
+    """
+
+    @tool_api
+    async def run(self,
+                  command: str,
+                  timeout: Optional[int] = None) -> ActionReturn:
+        """Launch an IPython Interactive Shell to execute code.
+
+        Args:
+            command (:class:`str`): Python code snippet
+            timeout (:class:`Optional[int]`): timeout for execution.
+                This argument only works in the main thread. Defaults to ``None``.
+        """
+        tool_return = ActionReturn(args={'text': command}, type=self.name)
+        ret = await self.exec(command, timeout)
+        if ret.status is Status.SUCCESS:
+            tool_return.result = [{'type': 'text', 'content': ret.value}]
+            tool_return.state = ActionStatusCode.SUCCESS
+        else:
+            tool_return.errmsg = ret.msg
+            tool_return.state = ActionStatusCode.API_ERROR
+        return tool_return
+
+    async def exec(self, code: str, timeout: int = None) -> ExecutionResult:
+        """Asynchronously run Python scripts in IPython shell.
+
+        Args:
+            code (:class:`str`): code block
+            timeout (:class:`int`): max waiting time for code execution
+
+        Returns:
+            :py:class:`ExecutionResult`: execution result
+        """
+        with StringIO() as io:
+            with redirect_stdout(io):
+                ret = await self._executor.run_cell_async(
+                    # ret = await self.create_shell().run_cell_async(
+                    self.wrap_code_with_timeout(
+                        self.extract_code(code), timeout or self.timeout))
+                result = ret.result
+                if result is not None:
+                    return ExecutionResult(Status.SUCCESS,
+                                           str(result)[:self._max_out_len])
+            outs = io.getvalue().strip().split('\n')
+        if not outs:
+            return ExecutionResult(Status.SUCCESS, '')
+        for i, out in enumerate(outs):
+            if re.search('Error|Traceback', out, re.S):
+                if 'TimeoutError' in out:
+                    return ExecutionResult(
+                        Status.FAILURE,
+                        msg=('The code interpreter encountered a '
+                             'timeout error.'))
+                err_idx = i
+                break
+        else:
+            return ExecutionResult(Status.SUCCESS,
+                                   outs[-1].strip()[:self._max_out_len])
+        return ExecutionResult(
+            Status.FAILURE,
+            msg=self._highlighting.sub(
+                '', '\n'.join(outs[err_idx:])[:self._max_out_len]),
+        )

lagent/actions/ipython_interpreter.py

@@ -0,0 +1,584 @@
+# flake8: noqa: E501
+import asyncio
+import base64
+import io
+import json
+import logging
+import os
+import queue
+import re
+import signal
+import sys
+import tempfile
+import traceback
+import uuid
+from typing import Optional, Tuple, Type
+
+from jupyter_client import AsyncKernelClient, AsyncKernelManager, AsyncMultiKernelManager
+from tenacity import retry, retry_if_result, stop_after_attempt, wait_fixed
+
+from lagent.actions.base_action import AsyncActionMixin, BaseAction, tool_api
+from lagent.actions.parser import BaseParser, JsonParser
+from lagent.schema import ActionReturn, ActionStatusCode
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+START_CODE = """
+def input(*args, **kwargs):
+    raise NotImplementedError('Python input() function is disabled.')
+
+get_ipython().system = lambda *args: print('Assume we have this package, ! is disabled!')
+{}
+"""  # noqa
+
+
+class TimeoutError(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+class KernelDeath(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+async def async_run_code(
+    km: AsyncKernelManager,
+    code,
+    *,
+    interrupt_after=30,
+    iopub_timeout=40,
+    wait_for_ready_timeout=60,
+    shutdown_kernel=True,
+):
+    assert iopub_timeout > interrupt_after
+    try:
+
+        async def get_iopub_msg_with_death_detection(kc: AsyncKernelClient,
+                                                     *,
+                                                     timeout=None):
+            loop = asyncio.get_running_loop()
+            dead_fut = loop.create_future()
+
+            def restarting():
+                assert (
+                    False
+                ), "Restart shouldn't happen because config.KernelRestarter.restart_limit is expected to be set to 0"
+
+            def dead():
+                logger.info("Kernel has died, will NOT restart")
+                dead_fut.set_result(None)
+
+            msg_task = asyncio.create_task(kc.get_iopub_msg(timeout=timeout))
+            km.add_restart_callback(restarting, "restart")
+            km.add_restart_callback(dead, "dead")
+            try:
+                done, _ = await asyncio.wait(
+                    [dead_fut, msg_task], return_when=asyncio.FIRST_COMPLETED)
+                if dead_fut in done:
+                    raise KernelDeath()
+                assert msg_task in done
+                return await msg_task
+            finally:
+                msg_task.cancel()
+                km.remove_restart_callback(restarting, "restart")
+                km.remove_restart_callback(dead, "dead")
+
+        async def send_interrupt():
+            await asyncio.sleep(interrupt_after)
+            logger.info("Sending interrupt to kernel")
+            await km.interrupt_kernel()
+
+        @retry(
+            retry=retry_if_result(lambda ret: ret[-1].strip() in [
+                'KeyboardInterrupt',
+                f"Kernel didn't respond in {wait_for_ready_timeout} seconds",
+            ] if isinstance(ret, tuple) else False),
+            stop=stop_after_attempt(3),
+            wait=wait_fixed(1),
+            retry_error_callback=lambda state: state.outcome.result())
+        async def run():
+            execute_result = None
+            error_traceback = None
+            stream_text_list = []
+            kc = km.client()
+            assert isinstance(kc, AsyncKernelClient)
+            kc.start_channels()
+            try:
+                await kc.wait_for_ready(timeout=wait_for_ready_timeout)
+                msg_id = kc.execute(code)
+                while True:
+                    message = await get_iopub_msg_with_death_detection(
+                        kc, timeout=iopub_timeout)
+                    if logger.isEnabledFor(logging.DEBUG):
+                        logger.debug(
+                            json.dumps(message, indent=2, default=str))
+                    assert message["parent_header"]["msg_id"] == msg_id
+                    msg_type = message["msg_type"]
+                    if msg_type == "status":
+                        if message["content"]["execution_state"] == "idle":
+                            break
+                    elif msg_type == "stream":
+                        stream_name = message["content"]["name"]
+                        stream_text = message["content"]["text"]
+                        stream_text_list.append(stream_text)
+                    elif msg_type == "execute_result":
+                        execute_result = message["content"]["data"]
+                    elif msg_type == "error":
+                        error_traceback_lines = message["content"]["traceback"]
+                        error_traceback = "\n".join(error_traceback_lines)
+                    elif msg_type == "execute_input":
+                        pass
+                    else:
+                        assert False, f"Unknown message_type: {msg_type}"
+            finally:
+                kc.stop_channels()
+            return execute_result, error_traceback, "".join(stream_text_list)
+
+        if interrupt_after:
+            run_task = asyncio.create_task(run())
+            send_interrupt_task = asyncio.create_task(send_interrupt())
+            done, _ = await asyncio.wait([run_task, send_interrupt_task],
+                                         return_when=asyncio.FIRST_COMPLETED)
+            if run_task in done:
+                send_interrupt_task.cancel()
+            else:
+                assert send_interrupt_task in done
+            result = await run_task
+        else:
+            result = await run()
+        return result
+    finally:
+        if shutdown_kernel:
+            await km.shutdown_kernel()
+
+
+class IPythonInterpreter(BaseAction):
+    """A IPython executor that can execute Python scripts in a jupyter manner.
+
+    Args:
+        timeout (int): Upper bound of waiting time for Python script execution.
+            Defaults to 20.
+        user_data_dir (str, optional): Specified the user data directory for files
+            loading. If set to `ENV`, use `USER_DATA_DIR` environment variable.
+            Defaults to `ENV`.
+        work_dir (str, optional): Specify which directory to save output images to.
+            Defaults to ``'./work_dir/tmp_dir'``.
+        description (dict): The description of the action. Defaults to ``None``.
+        parser (Type[BaseParser]): The parser class to process the
+            action's inputs and outputs. Defaults to :class:`JsonParser`.
+    """
+
+    _KERNEL_CLIENTS = {}
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        timeout: int = 20,
+        user_data_dir: str = 'ENV',
+        work_dir='./work_dir/tmp_dir',
+        description: Optional[dict] = None,
+        parser: Type[BaseParser] = JsonParser,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(description, parser)
+
+        self.timeout = timeout
+        if user_data_dir == 'ENV':
+            user_data_dir = os.environ.get('USER_DATA_DIR', '')
+
+        if user_data_dir:
+            user_data_dir = os.path.dirname(user_data_dir)
+            user_data_dir = f"import os\nos.chdir('{user_data_dir}')"
+        self.user_data_dir = user_data_dir
+        self._initialized = False
+        self.work_dir = work_dir
+        if not os.path.exists(self.work_dir):
+            os.makedirs(self.work_dir, exist_ok=True)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def start_kernel():
+        from jupyter_client import KernelManager
+
+        # start the kernel and manager
+        km = KernelManager()
+        km.start_kernel()
+        kc = km.client()
+        return km, kc
+
+    def initialize(self):
+        if self._initialized:
+            return
+        pid = os.getpid()
+        if pid not in self._KERNEL_CLIENTS:
+            self._KERNEL_CLIENTS[pid] = self.start_kernel()
+        self.kernel_manager, self.kernel_client = self._KERNEL_CLIENTS[pid]
+        self._initialized = True
+        self._call(START_CODE.format(self.user_data_dir), None)
+
+    def reset(self):
+        if not self._initialized:
+            self.initialize()
+        else:
+            code = "get_ipython().run_line_magic('reset', '-f')\n" + \
+                START_CODE.format(self.user_data_dir)
+            self._call(code, None)
+
+    def _call(self,
+              command: str,
+              timeout: Optional[int] = None) -> Tuple[str, bool]:
+        self.initialize()
+        command = extract_code(command)
+
+        # check previous remaining result
+        while True:
+            try:
+                msg = self.kernel_client.get_iopub_msg(timeout=5)
+                msg_type = msg['msg_type']
+                if msg_type == 'status':
+                    if msg['content'].get('execution_state') == 'idle':
+                        break
+            except queue.Empty:
+                # assume no result
+                break
+
+        self.kernel_client.execute(command)
+
+        def _inner_call():
+            result = ''
+            images = []
+            succeed = True
+            image_idx = 0
+
+            while True:
+                text = ''
+                image = ''
+                finished = False
+                msg_type = 'error'
+                try:
+                    msg = self.kernel_client.get_iopub_msg(timeout=20)
+                    msg_type = msg['msg_type']
+                    if msg_type == 'status':
+                        if msg['content'].get('execution_state') == 'idle':
+                            finished = True
+                    elif msg_type == 'execute_result':
+                        text = msg['content']['data'].get('text/plain', '')
+                        if 'image/png' in msg['content']['data']:
+                            image_b64 = msg['content']['data']['image/png']
+                            image_url = publish_image_to_local(
+                                image_b64, self.work_dir)
+                            image_idx += 1
+                            image = '![fig-%03d](%s)' % (image_idx, image_url)
+
+                    elif msg_type == 'display_data':
+                        if 'image/png' in msg['content']['data']:
+                            image_b64 = msg['content']['data']['image/png']
+                            image_url = publish_image_to_local(
+                                image_b64, self.work_dir)
+                            image_idx += 1
+                            image = '![fig-%03d](%s)' % (image_idx, image_url)
+
+                        else:
+                            text = msg['content']['data'].get('text/plain', '')
+                    elif msg_type == 'stream':
+                        msg_type = msg['content']['name']  # stdout, stderr
+                        text = msg['content']['text']
+                    elif msg_type == 'error':
+                        succeed = False
+                        text = escape_ansi('\n'.join(
+                            msg['content']['traceback']))
+                        if 'M6_CODE_INTERPRETER_TIMEOUT' in text:
+                            text = f'Timeout. No response after {timeout} seconds.'  # noqa
+                except queue.Empty:
+                    # stop current task in case break next input.
+                    self.kernel_manager.interrupt_kernel()
+                    succeed = False
+                    text = f'Timeout. No response after {timeout} seconds.'
+                    finished = True
+                except Exception:
+                    succeed = False
+                    msg = ''.join(traceback.format_exception(*sys.exc_info()))
+                    # text = 'The code interpreter encountered an unexpected error.'  # noqa
+                    text = msg
+                    logging.warning(msg)
+                    finished = True
+                if text:
+                    # result += f'\n\n{msg_type}:\n\n```\n{text}\n```'
+                    result += f'{text}'
+
+                if image:
+                    images.append(image_url)
+                if finished:
+                    return succeed, dict(text=result, image=images)
+
+        try:
+            if timeout:
+
+                def handler(signum, frame):
+                    raise TimeoutError()
+
+                signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, handler)
+                signal.alarm(timeout)
+            succeed, result = _inner_call()
+        except TimeoutError:
+            succeed = False
+            text = 'The code interpreter encountered an unexpected error.'
+            result = f'\n\nerror:\n\n```\n{text}\n```'
+        finally:
+            if timeout:
+                signal.alarm(0)
+
+        # result = result.strip('\n')
+        return succeed, result
+
+    @tool_api
+    def run(self, command: str, timeout: Optional[int] = None) -> ActionReturn:
+        r"""When you send a message containing Python code to python, it will be executed in a stateful Jupyter notebook environment. python will respond with the output of the execution or time out after 60.0 seconds. The drive at '/mnt/data' can be used to save and persist user files. Internet access for this session is disabled. Do not make external web requests or API calls as they will fail.
+
+        Args:
+            command (:class:`str`): Python code
+            timeout (:class:`Optional[int]`): Upper bound of waiting time for Python script execution.
+        """
+        tool_return = ActionReturn(url=None, args=None, type=self.name)
+        tool_return.args = dict(text=command)
+        succeed, result = self._call(command, timeout)
+        if succeed:
+            text = result['text']
+            image = result.get('image', [])
+            resp = [dict(type='text', content=text)]
+            if image:
+                resp.extend([dict(type='image', content=im) for im in image])
+            tool_return.result = resp
+            # tool_return.result = dict(
+            #     text=result['text'], image=result.get('image', [])[0])
+            tool_return.state = ActionStatusCode.SUCCESS
+        else:
+            tool_return.errmsg = result.get('text', '') if isinstance(
+                result, dict) else result
+            tool_return.state = ActionStatusCode.API_ERROR
+        return tool_return
+
+
+class AsyncIPythonInterpreter(AsyncActionMixin, IPythonInterpreter):
+    """A IPython executor that can execute Python scripts in a jupyter manner.
+
+    Args:
+        timeout (int): Upper bound of waiting time for Python script execution.
+            Defaults to 20.
+        user_data_dir (str, optional): Specified the user data directory for files
+            loading. If set to `ENV`, use `USER_DATA_DIR` environment variable.
+            Defaults to `ENV`.
+        work_dir (str, optional): Specify which directory to save output images to.
+            Defaults to ``'./work_dir/tmp_dir'``.
+        description (dict): The description of the action. Defaults to ``None``.
+        parser (Type[BaseParser]): The parser class to process the
+            action's inputs and outputs. Defaults to :class:`JsonParser`.
+    """
+
+    _UNBOUND_KERNEL_CLIENTS = asyncio.Queue()
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        timeout: int = 20,
+        user_data_dir: str = 'ENV',
+        work_dir=os.path.join(tempfile.gettempdir(), 'tmp_dir'),
+        max_kernels: Optional[int] = None,
+        reuse_kernel: bool = True,
+        startup_rate: bool = 32,
+        connection_dir: str = tempfile.gettempdir(),
+        description: Optional[dict] = None,
+        parser: Type[BaseParser] = JsonParser,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(timeout, user_data_dir, work_dir, description, parser)
+        from traitlets.config import Config
+
+        c = Config()
+        c.KernelManager.transport = 'ipc'
+        self._amkm = AsyncMultiKernelManager(
+            config=c, connection_dir=connection_dir)
+        self._max_kernels = max_kernels
+        self._reuse_kernel = reuse_kernel
+        self._sem = asyncio.Semaphore(startup_rate)
+        self._lock = asyncio.Lock()
+
+    async def initialize(self, session_id: str):
+        session_id = str(session_id)
+        while True:
+            if session_id in self._KERNEL_CLIENTS:
+                return self._KERNEL_CLIENTS[session_id]
+            if self._reuse_kernel and not self._UNBOUND_KERNEL_CLIENTS.empty():
+                self._KERNEL_CLIENTS[
+                    session_id] = await self._UNBOUND_KERNEL_CLIENTS.get()
+                return self._KERNEL_CLIENTS[session_id]
+            async with self._sem:
+                if self._max_kernels is None or len(
+                        self._KERNEL_CLIENTS
+                ) + self._UNBOUND_KERNEL_CLIENTS.qsize() < self._max_kernels:
+                    kernel_id = None
+                    try:
+                        kernel_id = await self._amkm.start_kernel()
+                        kernel = self._amkm.get_kernel(kernel_id)
+                        client = kernel.client()
+                        _, error_stacktrace, stream_text = await async_run_code(
+                            kernel,
+                            START_CODE.format(self.user_data_dir),
+                            shutdown_kernel=False)
+                        # check if the output of START_CODE meets expectations
+                        if not (error_stacktrace is None
+                                and stream_text == ''):
+                            raise RuntimeError
+                    except Exception as e:
+                        print(f'Starting kernel error: {e}')
+                        if kernel_id:
+                            await self._amkm.shutdown_kernel(kernel_id)
+                            self._amkm.remove_kernel(kernel_id)
+                        await asyncio.sleep(1)
+                        continue
+                    if self._max_kernels is None:
+                        self._KERNEL_CLIENTS[session_id] = (kernel_id, kernel,
+                                                            client)
+                        return kernel_id, kernel, client
+                    async with self._lock:
+                        if len(self._KERNEL_CLIENTS
+                               ) + self._UNBOUND_KERNEL_CLIENTS.qsize(
+                               ) < self._max_kernels:
+                            self._KERNEL_CLIENTS[session_id] = (kernel_id,
+                                                                kernel, client)
+                            return kernel_id, kernel, client
+                    await self._amkm.shutdown_kernel(kernel_id)
+                    self._amkm.remove_kernel(kernel_id)
+            await asyncio.sleep(1)
+
+    async def reset(self, session_id: str):
+        session_id = str(session_id)
+        if session_id not in self._KERNEL_CLIENTS:
+            return
+        _, kernel, _ = self._KERNEL_CLIENTS[session_id]
+        code = "get_ipython().run_line_magic('reset', '-f')\n" + \
+            START_CODE.format(self.user_data_dir)
+        await async_run_code(kernel, code, shutdown_kernel=False)
+
+    async def shutdown(self, session_id: str):
+        session_id = str(session_id)
+        if session_id in self._KERNEL_CLIENTS:
+            kernel_id, _, _ = self._KERNEL_CLIENTS.get(session_id)
+            await self._amkm.shutdown_kernel(kernel_id)
+            self._amkm.remove_kernel(kernel_id)
+            del self._KERNEL_CLIENTS[session_id]
+
+    async def close_session(self, session_id: str):
+        session_id = str(session_id)
+        if self._reuse_kernel:
+            if session_id in self._KERNEL_CLIENTS:
+                await self.reset(session_id)
+                await self._UNBOUND_KERNEL_CLIENTS.put(
+                    self._KERNEL_CLIENTS.pop(session_id))
+        else:
+            await self.shutdown(session_id)
+
+    async def _call(self, command, timeout=None, session_id=None):
+        _, kernel, _ = await self.initialize(str(session_id))
+        result = await async_run_code(
+            kernel,
+            extract_code(command),
+            interrupt_after=timeout or self.timeout,
+            shutdown_kernel=False)
+        execute_result, error_stacktrace, stream_text = result
+        if error_stacktrace is not None:
+            ret = re.sub('^-*\n', '', escape_ansi(error_stacktrace))
+            if ret.endswith('KeyboardInterrupt: '):
+                ret = 'The code interpreter encountered a timeout error.'
+            status, ret = False, ret.strip()
+        elif execute_result is not None:
+            status, ret = True, dict(text=execute_result.get('text/plain', ''))
+        else:
+            status, ret = True, dict(text=stream_text.strip())
+        return status, ret
+
+    @tool_api
+    async def run(self,
+                  command: str,
+                  timeout: Optional[int] = None,
+                  session_id: Optional[str] = None) -> ActionReturn:
+        r"""When you send a message containing Python code to python, it will be executed in a stateful Jupyter notebook environment. python will respond with the output of the execution or time out after 60.0 seconds. The drive at '/mnt/data' can be used to save and persist user files. Internet access for this session is disabled. Do not make external web requests or API calls as they will fail.
+
+        Args:
+            command (:class:`str`): Python code
+            timeout (:class:`Optional[int]`): Upper bound of waiting time for Python script execution.
+        """
+        tool_return = ActionReturn(url=None, args=None, type=self.name)
+        tool_return.args = dict(text=command)
+        succeed, result = await self._call(command, timeout, session_id)
+        if succeed:
+            text = result['text']
+            image = result.get('image', [])
+            resp = [dict(type='text', content=text)]
+            if image:
+                resp.extend([dict(type='image', content=im) for im in image])
+            tool_return.result = resp
+            # tool_return.result = dict(
+            #     text=result['text'], image=result.get('image', [])[0])
+            tool_return.state = ActionStatusCode.SUCCESS
+        else:
+            tool_return.errmsg = result.get('text', '') if isinstance(
+                result, dict) else result
+            tool_return.state = ActionStatusCode.API_ERROR
+        return tool_return
+
+
+def extract_code(text):
+    import json5
+
+    # Match triple backtick blocks first
+    triple_match = re.search(r'```[^\n]*\n(.+?)```', text, re.DOTALL)
+    # Match single backtick blocks second
+    single_match = re.search(r'`([^`]*)`', text, re.DOTALL)
+    if triple_match:
+        text = triple_match.group(1)
+    elif single_match:
+        text = single_match.group(1)
+    else:
+        try:
+            text = json5.loads(text)['code']
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+    # If no code blocks found, return original text
+    return text
+
+
+def escape_ansi(line):
+    ansi_escape = re.compile(r'(?:\x1B[@-_]|[\x80-\x9F])[0-?]*[ -/]*[@-~]')
+    return ansi_escape.sub('', line)
+
+
+def publish_image_to_local(image_base64: str, work_dir='./work_dir/tmp_dir'):
+    import PIL.Image
+    image_file = str(uuid.uuid4()) + '.png'
+    local_image_file = os.path.join(work_dir, image_file)
+
+    png_bytes = base64.b64decode(image_base64)
+    assert isinstance(png_bytes, bytes)
+    bytes_io = io.BytesIO(png_bytes)
+    PIL.Image.open(bytes_io).save(local_image_file, 'png')
+
+    return local_image_file
+
+
+# local test for code interpreter
+def get_multiline_input(hint):
+    print(hint)
+    print('// Press ENTER to make a new line. Press CTRL-D to end input.')
+    lines = []
+    while True:
+        try:
+            line = input()
+        except EOFError:  # CTRL-D
+            break
+        lines.append(line)
+    print('// Input received.')
+    if lines:
+        return '\n'.join(lines)
+    else:
+        return ''
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    code_interpreter = IPythonInterpreter()
+    while True:
+        print(code_interpreter(get_multiline_input('Enter python code:')))

lagent/actions/ipython_manager.py

@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+import re
+import sys
+from collections import defaultdict
+from contextlib import nullcontext
+from io import StringIO
+from multiprocessing import Process, Queue
+from typing import List, Optional, Type, Union
+
+from filelock import FileLock
+from timeout_decorator import timeout as tm
+
+from ..schema import ActionReturn, ActionStatusCode
+from .base_action import BaseAction
+from .parser import BaseParser, JsonParser
+
+
+class IPythonProcess(Process):
+
+    def __init__(self,
+                 in_q: Queue,
+                 out_q: Queue,
+                 timeout: int = 20,
+                 ci_lock: str = None,
+                 daemon: bool = True):
+        super().__init__(daemon=daemon)
+        self.in_q = in_q
+        self.out_q = out_q
+        self.timeout = timeout
+        self.session_id2shell = defaultdict(self.create_shell)
+        self.ci_lock = FileLock(
+            ci_lock) if ci_lock else nullcontext()  # avoid core corruption
+        self._highlighting = re.compile(r'\x1b\[\d{,3}(;\d{,3}){,3}m')
+
+    def run(self):
+        while True:
+            msg = self.in_q.get()
+            if msg == 'reset':
+                for session_id, shell in self.session_id2shell.items():
+                    with self.ci_lock:
+                        try:
+                            shell.reset(new_session=False)
+                            # shell.run_line_magic('reset', '-sf')
+                        except Exception:
+                            self.session_id2shell[
+                                session_id] = self.create_shell()
+                self.out_q.put('ok')
+            elif isinstance(msg, tuple) and len(msg) == 3:
+                i, session_id, code = msg
+                res = self.exec(session_id, code)
+                self.out_q.put((i, session_id, res))
+
+    def exec(self, session_id, code):
+        try:
+            shell = self.session_id2shell[session_id]
+            with StringIO() as io:
+                old_stdout = sys.stdout
+                sys.stdout = io
+                if self.timeout is False or self.timeout < 0:
+                    shell.run_cell(self.extract_code(code))
+                else:
+                    tm(self.timeout)(shell.run_cell)(self.extract_code(code))
+                sys.stdout = old_stdout
+                output = self._highlighting.sub('', io.getvalue().strip())
+                output = re.sub(r'^Out\[\d+\]: ', '', output)
+            if 'Error' in output or 'Traceback' in output:
+                output = output.lstrip('-').strip()
+                if output.startswith('TimeoutError'):
+                    output = 'The code interpreter encountered a timeout error.'
+                return {'status': 'FAILURE', 'msg': output, 'code': code}
+            return {'status': 'SUCCESS', 'value': output, 'code': code}
+        except Exception as e:
+            return {'status': 'FAILURE', 'msg': str(e), 'code': code}
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def create_shell(enable_history: bool = False, in_memory: bool = True):
+        from IPython import InteractiveShell
+        from traitlets.config import Config
+
+        c = Config()
+        c.HistoryManager.enabled = enable_history
+        if in_memory:
+            c.HistoryManager.hist_file = ':memory:'
+        shell = InteractiveShell(config=c)
+        return shell
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def extract_code(text: str) -> str:
+        """Extract Python code from markup languages.
+
+        Args:
+            text (:class:`str`): Markdown-formatted text
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`str`: Python code
+        """
+        import json5
+
+        # Match triple backtick blocks first
+        triple_match = re.search(r'```[^\n]*\n(.+?)```', text, re.DOTALL)
+        # Match single backtick blocks second
+        single_match = re.search(r'`([^`]*)`', text, re.DOTALL)
+        if triple_match:
+            text = triple_match.group(1)
+        elif single_match:
+            text = single_match.group(1)
+        else:
+            try:
+                text = json5.loads(text)['code']
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+        # If no code blocks found, return original text
+        return text
+
+
+class IPythonInteractiveManager(BaseAction):
+    """An interactive IPython shell manager for code execution"""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        max_workers: int = 50,
+        timeout: int = 20,
+        ci_lock: str = None,
+        description: Optional[dict] = None,
+        parser: Type[BaseParser] = JsonParser,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(description, parser)
+        self.max_workers = max_workers
+        self.timeout = timeout
+        self.ci_lock = ci_lock
+        self.id2queue = defaultdict(Queue)
+        self.id2process = {}
+        self.out_queue = Queue()
+
+    def __call__(self,
+                 commands: Union[str, List[str]],
+                 session_ids: Union[int, List[int]] = None):
+        if isinstance(commands, list):
+            batch_size = len(commands)
+            is_batch = True
+        else:
+            batch_size = 1
+            commands = [commands]
+            is_batch = False
+        if session_ids is None:
+            session_ids = range(batch_size)
+        elif isinstance(session_ids, int):
+            session_ids = [session_ids]
+        if len(session_ids) != batch_size or len(session_ids) != len(
+                set(session_ids)):
+            raise ValueError(
+                'the size of `session_ids` must equal that of `commands`')
+        try:
+            exec_results = self.run_code_blocks([
+                (session_id, command)
+                for session_id, command in zip(session_ids, commands)
+            ])
+        except KeyboardInterrupt:
+            self.clear()
+            exit(1)
+        action_returns = []
+        for result, code in zip(exec_results, commands):
+            action_return = ActionReturn({'command': code}, type=self.name)
+            if result['status'] == 'SUCCESS':
+                action_return.result = [
+                    dict(type='text', content=result['value'])
+                ]
+                action_return.state = ActionStatusCode.SUCCESS
+            else:
+                action_return.errmsg = result['msg']
+                action_return.state = ActionStatusCode.API_ERROR
+            action_returns.append(action_return)
+        if not is_batch:
+            return action_returns[0]
+        return action_returns
+
+    def process_code(self, index, session_id, code):
+        ipy_id = session_id % self.max_workers
+        input_queue = self.id2queue[ipy_id]
+        proc = self.id2process.setdefault(
+            ipy_id,
+            IPythonProcess(
+                input_queue,
+                self.out_queue,
+                self.timeout,
+                self.ci_lock,
+                daemon=True))
+        if not proc.is_alive():
+            proc.start()
+        input_queue.put((index, session_id, code))
+
+    def run_code_blocks(self, session_code_pairs):
+        size = len(session_code_pairs)
+        for index, (session_id, code) in enumerate(session_code_pairs):
+            self.process_code(index, session_id, code)
+        results = []
+        while len(results) < size:
+            msg = self.out_queue.get()
+            if isinstance(msg, tuple) and len(msg) == 3:
+                index, _, result = msg
+                results.append((index, result))
+        results.sort()
+        return [item[1] for item in results]
+
+    def clear(self):
+        self.id2queue.clear()
+        for proc in self.id2process.values():
+            proc.terminate()
+        self.id2process.clear()
+        while not self.out_queue.empty():
+            self.out_queue.get()
+
+    def reset(self):
+        cnt = 0
+        for q in self.id2queue.values():
+            q.put('reset')
+            cnt += 1
+        while cnt > 0:
+            msg = self.out_queue.get()
+            if msg == 'ok':
+                cnt -= 1

lagent/actions/parser.py

@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+import json
+import re
+from ast import literal_eval
+from typing import Any, List, Union
+
+
+class ParseError(Exception):
+    """Parsing exception class."""
+
+    def __init__(self, err_msg: str):
+        self.err_msg = err_msg
+
+
+class BaseParser:
+    """Base parser to process inputs and outputs of actions.
+
+    Args:
+        action (:class:`BaseAction`): action to validate
+
+    Attributes:
+        PARAMETER_DESCRIPTION (:class:`str`): declare the input format which
+            LLMs should follow when generating arguments for decided tools.
+    """
+
+    PARAMETER_DESCRIPTION: str = ''
+
+    def __init__(self, action):
+        self.action = action
+        self._api2param = {}
+        self._api2required = {}
+        # perform basic argument validation
+        if action.description:
+            for api in action.description.get('api_list',
+                                              [action.description]):
+                name = (f'{action.name}.{api["name"]}'
+                        if self.action.is_toolkit else api['name'])
+                required_parameters = set(api['required'])
+                all_parameters = {j['name'] for j in api['parameters']}
+                if not required_parameters.issubset(all_parameters):
+                    raise ValueError(
+                        f'unknown parameters for function "{name}": '
+                        f'{required_parameters - all_parameters}')
+                if self.PARAMETER_DESCRIPTION:
+                    api['parameter_description'] = self.PARAMETER_DESCRIPTION
+                api_name = api['name'] if self.action.is_toolkit else 'run'
+                self._api2param[api_name] = api['parameters']
+                self._api2required[api_name] = api['required']
+
+    def parse_inputs(self, inputs: str, name: str = 'run') -> dict:
+        """Parse inputs LLMs generate for the action.
+
+        Args:
+            inputs (:class:`str`): input string extracted from responses
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`dict`: processed input
+        """
+        inputs = {self._api2param[name][0]['name']: inputs}
+        return inputs
+
+    def parse_outputs(self, outputs: Any) -> List[dict]:
+        """Parser outputs returned by the action.
+
+        Args:
+            outputs (:class:`Any`): raw output of the action
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`List[dict]`: processed output of which each member is a
+                dictionary with two keys - 'type' and 'content'.
+        """
+        if isinstance(outputs, dict):
+            outputs = json.dumps(outputs, ensure_ascii=False)
+        elif not isinstance(outputs, str):
+            outputs = str(outputs)
+        return [{
+            'type': 'text',
+            'content': outputs.encode('gbk', 'ignore').decode('gbk')
+        }]
+
+
+class JsonParser(BaseParser):
+    """Json parser to convert input string into a dictionary.
+
+    Args:
+        action (:class:`BaseAction`): action to validate
+    """
+
+    PARAMETER_DESCRIPTION = (
+        'If you call this tool, you must pass arguments in '
+        'the JSON format {key: value}, where the key is the parameter name.')
+
+    def parse_inputs(self,
+                     inputs: Union[str, dict],
+                     name: str = 'run') -> dict:
+        if not isinstance(inputs, dict):
+            try:
+                match = re.search(r'^\s*(```json\n)?(.*)\n```\s*$', inputs,
+                                  re.S)
+                if match:
+                    inputs = match.group(2).strip()
+                inputs = json.loads(inputs)
+            except json.JSONDecodeError as exc:
+                raise ParseError(f'invalid json format: {inputs}') from exc
+        input_keys = set(inputs)
+        all_keys = {param['name'] for param in self._api2param[name]}
+        if not input_keys.issubset(all_keys):
+            raise ParseError(f'unknown arguments: {input_keys - all_keys}')
+        required_keys = set(self._api2required[name])
+        if not input_keys.issuperset(required_keys):
+            raise ParseError(
+                f'missing required arguments: {required_keys - input_keys}')
+        return inputs
+
+
+class TupleParser(BaseParser):
+    """Tuple parser to convert input string into a tuple.
+
+    Args:
+        action (:class:`BaseAction`): action to validate
+    """
+
+    PARAMETER_DESCRIPTION = (
+        'If you call this tool, you must pass arguments in the tuple format '
+        'like (arg1, arg2, arg3), and the arguments are ordered.')
+
+    def parse_inputs(self,
+                     inputs: Union[str, tuple],
+                     name: str = 'run') -> dict:
+        if not isinstance(inputs, tuple):
+            try:
+                inputs = literal_eval(inputs)
+            except Exception as exc:
+                raise ParseError(f'invalid tuple format: {inputs}') from exc
+        if len(inputs) < len(self._api2required[name]):
+            raise ParseError(
+                f'API takes {len(self._api2required[name])} required positional '
+                f'arguments but {len(inputs)} were given')
+        if len(inputs) > len(self._api2param[name]):
+            raise ParseError(
+                f'API takes {len(self._api2param[name])} positional arguments '
+                f'but {len(inputs)} were given')
+        inputs = {
+            self._api2param[name][i]['name']: item
+            for i, item in enumerate(inputs)
+        }
+        return inputs

lagent/actions/ppt.py

@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+from typing import Dict, Optional, Type
+
+from asyncer import asyncify
+
+from lagent.actions.base_action import AsyncActionMixin, BaseAction, tool_api
+from lagent.actions.parser import BaseParser, JsonParser
+
+THEME_MAPPING = {
+    'Default': {
+        'template': None,
+        'title': 'Title Slide',
+        'single': 'Title and Content',
+        'two': 'Two Content',
+    }
+}
+
+
+class PPT(BaseAction):
+    """Plugin to create ppt slides with text, paragraph, images in good looking styles."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        theme_mapping: Optional[Dict[str, dict]] = None,
+        description: Optional[dict] = None,
+        parser: Type[BaseParser] = JsonParser,
+    ):
+        super().__init__(description, parser)
+        self.theme_mapping = theme_mapping or THEME_MAPPING
+        self.pointer = None
+        self.location = None
+
+    @tool_api(explode_return=True)
+    def create_file(self, theme: str, abs_location: str) -> dict:
+        """Create a pptx file with specific themes.
+
+        Args:
+            theme (:class:`str`): the theme used. The value should be one of ['Default'].
+            abs_location (:class:`str`): the ppt file's absolute location
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`dict`: operation status
+                * status: the result of the execution
+        """
+        from pptx import Presentation
+
+        self.location = abs_location
+        try:
+            self.pointer = Presentation(self.theme_mapping[theme]['template'])
+            self.pointer.slide_master.name = theme
+            # print('created')
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(e)
+        return dict(status='created a ppt file.')
+
+    @tool_api(explode_return=True)
+    def add_first_page(self, title: str, subtitle: str) -> dict:
+        """Add the first page of ppt.
+
+        Args:
+            title (:class:`str`): the title of ppt
+            subtitle (:class:`str`): the subtitle of ppt
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`dict`: operation status
+                * status: the result of the execution
+        """
+        layout_name = self.theme_mapping[self.pointer.slide_master.name]['title']
+        layout = next(i for i in self.pointer.slide_master.slide_layouts if i.name == layout_name)
+        slide = self.pointer.slides.add_slide(layout)
+        ph_title, ph_subtitle = slide.placeholders
+        ph_title.text = title
+        if subtitle:
+            ph_subtitle.text = subtitle
+        return dict(status='added page')
+
+    @tool_api(explode_return=True)
+    def add_text_page(self, title: str, bullet_items: str) -> dict:
+        """Add text page of ppt.
+
+        Args:
+            title (:class:`str`): the title of the page
+            bullet_items (:class:`str`): bullet_items should be string, for multiple bullet items, please use [SPAN] to separate them.
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`dict`: operation status
+                * status: the result of the execution
+        """  # noqa: E501
+        layout_name = self.theme_mapping[self.pointer.slide_master.name]['single']
+        layout = next(i for i in self.pointer.slide_master.slide_layouts if i.name == layout_name)
+        slide = self.pointer.slides.add_slide(layout)
+        ph_title, ph_body = slide.placeholders
+        ph_title.text = title
+        ph = ph_body
+        tf = ph.text_frame
+        for i, item in enumerate(bullet_items.split('[SPAN]')):
+            if i == 0:
+                p = tf.paragraphs[0]
+            else:
+                p = tf.add_paragraph()
+            p.text = item.strip()
+            p.level = 0
+        return dict(status='added page')
+
+    @tool_api(explode_return=True)
+    def add_text_image_page(self, title: str, bullet_items: str, image: str) -> dict:
+        """Add a text page with one image. Image should be a path.
+
+        Args:
+            title (:class:`str`): the title of the page
+            bullet_items (:class:`str`): bullet_items should be string, for multiple bullet items, please use [SPAN] to separate them.
+            image (:class:`str`): the path of the image
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`dict`: operation status
+                * status: the result of the execution
+        """  # noqa: E501
+        from PIL import Image
+
+        layout_name = self.theme_mapping[self.pointer.slide_master.name]['two']
+        layout = next(i for i in self.pointer.slide_master.slide_layouts if i.name == layout_name)
+        slide = self.pointer.slides.add_slide(layout)
+        ph_title, ph_body1, ph_body2 = slide.placeholders
+        ph_title.text = title
+        ph = ph_body2
+        image = Image.open(image)
+        image_pil = image.to_pil()
+        left = ph.left
+        width = ph.width
+        height = int(width / image_pil.width * image_pil.height)
+        top = (ph.top + (ph.top + ph.height)) // 2 - height // 2
+        slide.shapes.add_picture(image.to_path(), left, top, width, height)
+
+        ph = ph_body1
+        tf = ph.text_frame
+        for i, item in enumerate(bullet_items.split('[SPAN]')):
+            if i == 0:
+                p = tf.paragraphs[0]
+            else:
+                p = tf.add_paragraph()
+            p.text = item.strip()
+            p.level = 0
+
+        return dict(status='added page')
+
+    @tool_api(explode_return=True)
+    def submit_file(self) -> dict:
+        """When all steps done, YOU MUST use submit_file() to submit your work.
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`dict`: operation status
+                * status: the result of the execution
+        """
+        # file_path = os.path.join(self.CACHE_DIR, f'{self._return_timestamp()}.pptx')
+        # self.pointer.save(file_path)
+        # retreival_url = upload_file(file_path)
+        self.pointer.save(self.location)
+        return dict(status=f'submitted. view ppt at {self.location}')
+
+
+class AsyncPPT(AsyncActionMixin, PPT):
+    """Plugin to create ppt slides with text, paragraph, images in good looking styles."""
+
+    @tool_api(explode_return=True)
+    @asyncify
+    def create_file(self, theme: str, abs_location: str) -> dict:
+        """Create a pptx file with specific themes.
+
+        Args:
+            theme (:class:`str`): the theme used. The value should be one of ['Default'].
+            abs_location (:class:`str`): the ppt file's absolute location
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`dict`: operation status
+                * status: the result of the execution
+        """
+        return super().create_file(theme, abs_location)
+
+    @tool_api(explode_return=True)
+    @asyncify
+    def add_first_page(self, title: str, subtitle: str) -> dict:
+        """Add the first page of ppt.
+
+        Args:
+            title (:class:`str`): the title of ppt
+            subtitle (:class:`str`): the subtitle of ppt
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`dict`: operation status
+                * status: the result of the execution
+        """
+        return super().add_first_page(title, subtitle)
+
+    @tool_api(explode_return=True)
+    @asyncify
+    def add_text_page(self, title: str, bullet_items: str) -> dict:
+        """Add text page of ppt.
+
+        Args:
+            title (:class:`str`): the title of the page
+            bullet_items (:class:`str`): bullet_items should be string, for multiple bullet items, please use [SPAN] to separate them.
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`dict`: operation status
+                * status: the result of the execution
+        """  # noqa: E501
+        return super().add_text_page(title, bullet_items)
+
+    @tool_api(explode_return=True)
+    @asyncify
+    def add_text_image_page(self, title: str, bullet_items: str, image: str) -> dict:
+        """Add a text page with one image. Image should be a path.
+
+        Args:
+            title (:class:`str`): the title of the page
+            bullet_items (:class:`str`): bullet_items should be string, for multiple bullet items, please use [SPAN] to separate them.
+            image (:class:`str`): the path of the image
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`dict`: operation status
+                * status: the result of the execution
+        """  # noqa: E501
+        return super().add_text_image_page(title, bullet_items, image)
+
+    @tool_api(explode_return=True)
+    @asyncify
+    def submit_file(self) -> dict:
+        """When all steps done, YOU MUST use submit_file() to submit your work.
+
+        Returns:
+            :class:`dict`: operation status
+                * status: the result of the execution
+        """
+        return super().submit_file()

lagent/actions/python_interpreter.py

@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+# flake8: noqa: E501
+import copy
+import io
+from contextlib import redirect_stdout
+from typing import Any, Optional, Type
+
+from asyncer import asyncify
+
+from lagent.actions.base_action import AsyncActionMixin, BaseAction, tool_api
+from lagent.actions.parser import BaseParser, JsonParser
+from lagent.schema import ActionReturn, ActionStatusCode
+
+
+class GenericRuntime:
+    GLOBAL_DICT = {}
+    LOCAL_DICT = None
+    HEADERS = []
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self._global_vars = copy.copy(self.GLOBAL_DICT)
+        self._local_vars = copy.copy(self.LOCAL_DICT) if self.LOCAL_DICT else None
+
+        for c in self.HEADERS:
+            self.exec_code(c)
+
+    def exec_code(self, code_piece: str) -> None:
+        exec(code_piece, self._global_vars)
+
+    def eval_code(self, expr: str) -> Any:
+        return eval(expr, self._global_vars)
+
+
+class PythonInterpreter(BaseAction):
+    """A Python executor that can execute Python scripts.
+
+    Args:
+        answer_symbol (str, Optional): the answer symbol from LLM. Defaults to ``None``.
+        answer_expr (str, Optional): the answer function name of the Python
+            script. Defaults to ``'solution()'``.
+        answer_from_stdout (boolean, Optional): whether the execution results is from
+            stdout. Defaults to ``False``.
+        timeout (int, Optional): Upper bound of waiting time for Python script execution.
+            Defaults to ``20``.
+        description (dict, Optional): The description of the action. Defaults to ``None``.
+        parser (Type[BaseParser]): The parser class to process the
+            action's inputs and outputs. Defaults to :class:`JsonParser`.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        answer_symbol: Optional[str] = None,
+        answer_expr: Optional[str] = 'solution()',
+        answer_from_stdout: bool = False,
+        timeout: int = 20,
+        description: Optional[dict] = None,
+        parser: Type[BaseParser] = JsonParser,
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(description, parser)
+        self.answer_symbol = answer_symbol
+        self.answer_expr = answer_expr
+        self.answer_from_stdout = answer_from_stdout
+        self.timeout = timeout
+
+    @tool_api
+    def run(self, command: str) -> ActionReturn:
+        """用来执行Python代码。代码必须是一个函数，函数名必须得是 'solution'，代码对应你的思考过程。代码实例格式如下：
+
+        ```python
+        # import 依赖包
+        import xxx
+        def solution():
+            # 初始化一些变量
+            variable_names_with_real_meaning = xxx
+            # 步骤一
+            mid_variable = func(variable_names_with_real_meaning)
+            # 步骤 x
+            mid_variable = func(mid_variable)
+            # 最后结果
+            final_answer =  func(mid_variable)
+            return final_answer
+        ```
+
+        Args:
+            command (:class:`str`): Python code snippet
+        """
+        from func_timeout import FunctionTimedOut, func_set_timeout
+
+        self.runtime = GenericRuntime()
+        try:
+            tool_return = func_set_timeout(self.timeout)(self._call)(command)
+        except FunctionTimedOut as e:
+            tool_return = ActionReturn(type=self.name)
+            tool_return.errmsg = repr(e)
+            tool_return.state = ActionStatusCode.API_ERROR
+        return tool_return
+
+    def _call(self, command: str) -> ActionReturn:
+        tool_return = ActionReturn(type=self.name)
+        try:
+            if '```python' in command:
+                command = command.split('```python')[1].split('```')[0]
+            elif '```' in command:
+                command = command.split('```')[1].split('```')[0]
+            tool_return.args = dict(text='```python\n' + command + '\n```')
+            command = command.split('\n')
+
+            if self.answer_from_stdout:
+                program_io = io.StringIO()
+                with redirect_stdout(program_io):
+                    self.runtime.exec_code('\n'.join(command))
+                program_io.seek(0)
+                res = program_io.readlines()[-1]
+            elif self.answer_symbol:
+                self.runtime.exec_code('\n'.join(command))
+                res = self.runtime._global_vars[self.answer_symbol]
+            elif self.answer_expr:
+                self.runtime.exec_code('\n'.join(command))
+                res = self.runtime.eval_code(self.answer_expr)
+            else:
+                self.runtime.exec_code('\n'.join(command[:-1]))
+                res = self.runtime.eval_code(command[-1])
+        except Exception as e:
+            tool_return.errmsg = repr(e)
+            tool_return.type = self.name
+            tool_return.state = ActionStatusCode.API_ERROR
+            return tool_return
+        try:
+            tool_return.result = [dict(type='text', content=str(res))]
+            tool_return.state = ActionStatusCode.SUCCESS
+        except Exception as e:
+            tool_return.errmsg = repr(e)
+            tool_return.type = self.name
+            tool_return.state = ActionStatusCode.API_ERROR
+        return tool_return
+
+
+class AsyncPythonInterpreter(AsyncActionMixin, PythonInterpreter):
+    """A Python executor that can execute Python scripts.
+
+    Args:
+        answer_symbol (str, Optional): the answer symbol from LLM. Defaults to ``None``.
+        answer_expr (str, Optional): the answer function name of the Python
+            script. Defaults to ``'solution()'``.
+        answer_from_stdout (boolean, Optional): whether the execution results is from
+            stdout. Defaults to ``False``.
+        timeout (int, Optional): Upper bound of waiting time for Python script execution.
+            Defaults to ``20``.
+        description (dict, Optional): The description of the action. Defaults to ``None``.
+        parser (Type[BaseParser]): The parser class to process the
+            action's inputs and outputs. Defaults to :class:`JsonParser`.
+    """
+
+    @tool_api
+    @asyncify
+    def run(self, command: str) -> ActionReturn:
+        """用来执行Python代码。代码必须是一个函数，函数名必须得是 'solution'，代码对应你的思考过程。代码实例格式如下：
+
+        ```python
+        # import 依赖包
+        import xxx
+        def solution():
+            # 初始化一些变量
+            variable_names_with_real_meaning = xxx
+            # 步骤一
+            mid_variable = func(variable_names_with_real_meaning)
+            # 步骤 x
+            mid_variable = func(mid_variable)
+            # 最后结果
+            final_answer =  func(mid_variable)
+            return final_answer
+        ```
+
+        Args:
+            command (:class:`str`): Python code snippet
+        """
+        return super().run(command)

lagent/actions/weather_query.py

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+import os
+import requests
+from lagent.actions.base_action import BaseAction, tool_api
+from lagent.schema import ActionReturn, ActionStatusCode
+
+class WeatherQuery(BaseAction):
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.api_key = os.getenv("weather_token")
+        print(self.api_key)
+        if not self.api_key:
+            raise EnvironmentError("未找到环境变量 'token'。请设置你的和风天气 API Key 到 'weather_token' 环境变量中，比如export weather_token='xxx' ")
+
+    @tool_api
+    def run(self, location: str) -> dict:
+        """
+        查询实时天气信息。
+
+        Args:
+            location (str): 要查询的地点名称、LocationID 或经纬度坐标（如 "101010100" 或 "116.41,39.92"）。
+
+        Returns:
+            dict: 包含天气信息的字典
+                * location: 地点名称
+                * weather: 天气状况
+                * temperature: 当前温度
+                * wind_direction: 风向
+                * wind_speed: 风速（公里/小时）
+                * humidity: 相对湿度（%）
+                * report_time: 数据报告时间
+        """
+        try:
+            # 如果 location 不是坐标格式（例如 "116.41,39.92"），则调用 GeoAPI 获取 LocationID
+            if not ("," in location and location.replace(",", "").replace(".", "").isdigit()):
+                # 使用 GeoAPI 获取 LocationID
+                geo_url = f"https://geoapi.qweather.com/v2/city/lookup?location={location}&key={self.api_key}"
+                geo_response = requests.get(geo_url)
+                geo_data = geo_response.json()
+
+                if geo_data.get("code") != "200" or not geo_data.get("location"):
+                    raise Exception(f"GeoAPI 返回错误码：{geo_data.get('code')} 或未找到位置")
+
+                location = geo_data["location"][0]["id"]
+
+            # 构建天气查询的 API 请求 URL
+            weather_url = f"https://devapi.qweather.com/v7/weather/now?location={location}&key={self.api_key}"
+            response = requests.get(weather_url)
+            data = response.json()
+
+            # 检查 API 响应码
+            if data.get("code") != "200":
+                raise Exception(f"Weather API 返回错误码：{data.get('code')}")
+
+            # 解析和组织天气信息
+            weather_info = {
+                "location": location,
+                "weather": data["now"]["text"],
+                "temperature": data["now"]["temp"] + "°C", 
+                "wind_direction": data["now"]["windDir"],
+                "wind_speed": data["now"]["windSpeed"] + " km/h",  
+                "humidity": data["now"]["humidity"] + "%",
+                "report_time": data["updateTime"]
+            }
+
+            return {"result": weather_info}
+
+        except Exception as exc:
+            return ActionReturn(
+                errmsg=f"WeatherQuery 异常：{exc}",
+                state=ActionStatusCode.HTTP_ERROR
+            )

lagent/actions/web_browser.py

@@ -0,0 +1,908 @@
+import asyncio
+import hashlib
+import hmac
+import json
+import logging
+import random
+import re
+import time
+import warnings
+from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor, as_completed
+from datetime import datetime
+from http.client import HTTPSConnection
+from typing import List, Optional, Tuple, Type, Union
+
+import aiohttp
+import aiohttp.client_exceptions
+import requests
+from asyncache import cached as acached
+from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
+from cachetools import TTLCache, cached
+from duckduckgo_search import DDGS, AsyncDDGS
+
+from lagent.actions.base_action import AsyncActionMixin, BaseAction, tool_api
+from lagent.actions.parser import BaseParser, JsonParser
+from lagent.utils import async_as_completed
+
+
+class BaseSearch:
+
+    def __init__(self, topk: int = 3, black_list: List[str] = None):
+        self.topk = topk
+        self.black_list = black_list
+
+    def _filter_results(self, results: List[tuple]) -> dict:
+        filtered_results = {}
+        count = 0
+        for url, snippet, title in results:
+            if all(domain not in url
+                   for domain in self.black_list) and not url.endswith('.pdf'):
+                filtered_results[count] = {
+                    'url': url,
+                    'summ': json.dumps(snippet, ensure_ascii=False)[1:-1],
+                    'title': title
+                }
+                count += 1
+                if count >= self.topk:
+                    break
+        return filtered_results
+
+
+class DuckDuckGoSearch(BaseSearch):
+
+    def __init__(self,
+                 topk: int = 3,
+                 black_list: List[str] = [
+                     'enoN',
+                     'youtube.com',
+                     'bilibili.com',
+                     'researchgate.net',
+                 ],
+                 **kwargs):
+        self.proxy = kwargs.get('proxy')
+        self.timeout = kwargs.get('timeout', 30)
+        super().__init__(topk, black_list)
+
+    @cached(cache=TTLCache(maxsize=100, ttl=600))
+    def search(self, query: str, max_retry: int = 3) -> dict:
+        for attempt in range(max_retry):
+            try:
+                response = self._call_ddgs(
+                    query, timeout=self.timeout, proxy=self.proxy)
+                return self._parse_response(response)
+            except Exception as e:
+                logging.exception(str(e))
+                warnings.warn(
+                    f'Retry {attempt + 1}/{max_retry} due to error: {e}')
+                time.sleep(random.randint(2, 5))
+        raise Exception(
+            'Failed to get search results from DuckDuckGo after retries.')
+
+    @acached(cache=TTLCache(maxsize=100, ttl=600))
+    async def asearch(self, query: str, max_retry: int = 3) -> dict:
+        for attempt in range(max_retry):
+            try:
+                ddgs = AsyncDDGS(timeout=self.timeout, proxy=self.proxy)
+                response = await ddgs.atext(query.strip("'"), max_results=10)
+                return self._parse_response(response)
+            except Exception as e:
+                if isinstance(e, asyncio.TimeoutError):
+                    logging.exception('Request to DDGS timed out.')
+                logging.exception(str(e))
+                warnings.warn(
+                    f'Retry {attempt + 1}/{max_retry} due to error: {e}')
+                await asyncio.sleep(random.randint(2, 5))
+        raise Exception(
+            'Failed to get search results from DuckDuckGo after retries.')
+
+    async def _async_call_ddgs(self, query: str, **kwargs) -> dict:
+        ddgs = DDGS(**kwargs)
+        try:
+            response = await asyncio.wait_for(
+                asyncio.to_thread(ddgs.text, query.strip("'"), max_results=10),
+                timeout=self.timeout)
+            return response
+        except asyncio.TimeoutError:
+            logging.exception('Request to DDGS timed out.')
+            raise
+
+    def _call_ddgs(self, query: str, **kwargs) -> dict:
+        loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
+        asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)
+        try:
+            response = loop.run_until_complete(
+                self._async_call_ddgs(query, **kwargs))
+            return response
+        finally:
+            loop.close()
+
+    def _parse_response(self, response: dict) -> dict:
+        raw_results = []
+        for item in response:
+            raw_results.append(
+                (item['href'], item['description']
+                 if 'description' in item else item['body'], item['title']))
+        return self._filter_results(raw_results)
+
+
+class BingSearch(BaseSearch):
+
+    def __init__(self,
+                 api_key: str,
+                 region: str = 'zh-CN',
+                 topk: int = 3,
+                 black_list: List[str] = [
+                     'enoN',
+                     'youtube.com',
+                     'bilibili.com',
+                     'researchgate.net',
+                 ],
+                 **kwargs):
+        self.api_key = api_key
+        self.market = region
+        self.proxy = kwargs.get('proxy')
+        super().__init__(topk, black_list)
+
+    @cached(cache=TTLCache(maxsize=100, ttl=600))
+    def search(self, query: str, max_retry: int = 3) -> dict:
+        for attempt in range(max_retry):
+            try:
+                response = self._call_bing_api(query)
+                return self._parse_response(response)
+            except Exception as e:
+                logging.exception(str(e))
+                warnings.warn(
+                    f'Retry {attempt + 1}/{max_retry} due to error: {e}')
+                time.sleep(random.randint(2, 5))
+        raise Exception(
+            'Failed to get search results from Bing Search after retries.')
+
+    @acached(cache=TTLCache(maxsize=100, ttl=600))
+    async def asearch(self, query: str, max_retry: int = 3) -> dict:
+        for attempt in range(max_retry):
+            try:
+                response = await self._async_call_bing_api(query)
+                return self._parse_response(response)
+            except Exception as e:
+                logging.exception(str(e))
+                warnings.warn(
+                    f'Retry {attempt + 1}/{max_retry} due to error: {e}')
+                await asyncio.sleep(random.randint(2, 5))
+        raise Exception(
+            'Failed to get search results from Bing Search after retries.')
+
+    def _call_bing_api(self, query: str) -> dict:
+        endpoint = 'https://api.bing.microsoft.com/v7.0/search'
+        params = {'q': query, 'mkt': self.market, 'count': f'{self.topk * 2}'}
+        headers = {'Ocp-Apim-Subscription-Key': self.api_key}
+        response = requests.get(
+            endpoint, headers=headers, params=params, proxies=self.proxy)
+        response.raise_for_status()
+        return response.json()
+
+    async def _async_call_bing_api(self, query: str) -> dict:
+        endpoint = 'https://api.bing.microsoft.com/v7.0/search'
+        params = {'q': query, 'mkt': self.market, 'count': f'{self.topk * 2}'}
+        headers = {'Ocp-Apim-Subscription-Key': self.api_key}
+        async with aiohttp.ClientSession(raise_for_status=True) as session:
+            async with session.get(
+                    endpoint,
+                    headers=headers,
+                    params=params,
+                    proxy=self.proxy and
+                (self.proxy.get('http') or self.proxy.get('https'))) as resp:
+                return await resp.json()
+
+    def _parse_response(self, response: dict) -> dict:
+        webpages = {
+            w['id']: w
+            for w in response.get('webPages', {}).get('value', [])
+        }
+        raw_results = []
+
+        for item in response.get('rankingResponse',
+                                 {}).get('mainline', {}).get('items', []):
+            if item['answerType'] == 'WebPages':
+                webpage = webpages.get(item['value']['id'])
+                if webpage:
+                    raw_results.append(
+                        (webpage['url'], webpage['snippet'], webpage['name']))
+            elif item['answerType'] == 'News' and item['value'][
+                    'id'] == response.get('news', {}).get('id'):
+                for news in response.get('news', {}).get('value', []):
+                    raw_results.append(
+                        (news['url'], news['description'], news['name']))
+
+        return self._filter_results(raw_results)
+
+
+class BraveSearch(BaseSearch):
+    """
+    Wrapper around the Brave Search API.
+
+    To use, you should pass your Brave Search API key to the constructor.
+
+    Args:
+        api_key (str): API KEY to use Brave Search API.
+            You can create a free API key at https://api.search.brave.com/app/keys.
+        search_type (str): Brave Search API supports ['web', 'news', 'images', 'videos'],
+            currently only supports 'news' and 'web'.
+        topk (int): The number of search results returned in response from API search results.
+        region (str): The country code string. Specifies the country where the search results come from.
+        language (str): The language code string. Specifies the preferred language for the search results.
+        extra_snippets (bool): Allows retrieving up to 5 additional snippets, which are alternative excerpts from the search results.
+        **kwargs: Any other parameters related to the Brave Search API. Find more details at
+            https://api.search.brave.com/app/documentation/web-search/get-started.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self,
+                 api_key: str,
+                 region: str = 'ALL',
+                 language: str = 'zh-hans',
+                 extra_snippests: bool = True,
+                 topk: int = 3,
+                 black_list: List[str] = [
+                     'enoN',
+                     'youtube.com',
+                     'bilibili.com',
+                     'researchgate.net',
+                 ],
+                 **kwargs):
+        self.api_key = api_key
+        self.market = region
+        self.proxy = kwargs.get('proxy')
+        self.language = language
+        self.extra_snippests = extra_snippests
+        self.search_type = kwargs.get('search_type', 'web')
+        self.kwargs = kwargs
+        super().__init__(topk, black_list)
+
+    @cached(cache=TTLCache(maxsize=100, ttl=600))
+    def search(self, query: str, max_retry: int = 3) -> dict:
+        for attempt in range(max_retry):
+            try:
+                response = self._call_brave_api(query)
+                return self._parse_response(response)
+            except Exception as e:
+                logging.exception(str(e))
+                warnings.warn(
+                    f'Retry {attempt + 1}/{max_retry} due to error: {e}')
+                time.sleep(random.randint(2, 5))
+        raise Exception(
+            'Failed to get search results from Brave Search after retries.')
+
+    @acached(cache=TTLCache(maxsize=100, ttl=600))
+    async def asearch(self, query: str, max_retry: int = 3) -> dict:
+        for attempt in range(max_retry):
+            try:
+                response = await self._async_call_brave_api(query)
+                return self._parse_response(response)
+            except Exception as e:
+                logging.exception(str(e))
+                warnings.warn(
+                    f'Retry {attempt + 1}/{max_retry} due to error: {e}')
+                await asyncio.sleep(random.randint(2, 5))
+        raise Exception(
+            'Failed to get search results from Brave Search after retries.')
+
+    def _call_brave_api(self, query: str) -> dict:
+        endpoint = f'https://api.search.brave.com/res/v1/{self.search_type}/search'
+        params = {
+            'q': query,
+            'country': self.market,
+            'search_lang': self.language,
+            'extra_snippets': self.extra_snippests,
+            'count': self.topk,
+            **{
+                key: value
+                for key, value in self.kwargs.items() if value is not None
+            },
+        }
+        headers = {
+            'X-Subscription-Token': self.api_key or '',
+            'Accept': 'application/json'
+        }
+        response = requests.get(
+            endpoint, headers=headers, params=params, proxies=self.proxy)
+        response.raise_for_status()
+        return response.json()
+
+    async def _async_call_brave_api(self, query: str) -> dict:
+        endpoint = f'https://api.search.brave.com/res/v1/{self.search_type}/search'
+        params = {
+            'q': query,
+            'country': self.market,
+            'search_lang': self.language,
+            'extra_snippets': self.extra_snippests,
+            'count': self.topk,
+            **{
+                key: value
+                for key, value in self.kwargs.items() if value is not None
+            },
+        }
+        headers = {
+            'X-Subscription-Token': self.api_key or '',
+            'Accept': 'application/json'
+        }
+        async with aiohttp.ClientSession(raise_for_status=True) as session:
+            async with session.get(
+                    endpoint,
+                    headers=headers,
+                    params=params,
+                    proxy=self.proxy and
+                (self.proxy.get('http') or self.proxy.get('https'))) as resp:
+                return await resp.json()
+
+    def _parse_response(self, response: dict) -> dict:
+        if self.search_type == 'web':
+            filtered_result = response.get('web', {}).get('results', [])
+        else:
+            filtered_result = response.get('results', {})
+        raw_results = []
+
+        for item in filtered_result:
+            raw_results.append((
+                item.get('url', ''),
+                ' '.join(
+                    filter(None, [
+                        item.get('description'),
+                        *item.get('extra_snippets', [])
+                    ])),
+                item.get('title', ''),
+            ))
+        return self._filter_results(raw_results)
+
+
+class GoogleSearch(BaseSearch):
+    """
+    Wrapper around the Serper.dev Google Search API.
+
+    To use, you should pass your serper API key to the constructor.
+
+    Args:
+        api_key (str): API KEY to use serper google search API.
+            You can create a free API key at https://serper.dev.
+        search_type (str): Serper API supports ['search', 'images', 'news',
+            'places'] types of search, currently we only support 'search' and 'news'.
+        topk (int): The number of search results returned in response from api search results.
+        **kwargs: Any other parameters related to the Serper API. Find more details at
+            https://serper.dev/playground
+    """
+
+    result_key_for_type = {
+        'news': 'news',
+        'places': 'places',
+        'images': 'images',
+        'search': 'organic',
+    }
+
+    def __init__(self,
+                 api_key: str,
+                 topk: int = 3,
+                 black_list: List[str] = [
+                     'enoN',
+                     'youtube.com',
+                     'bilibili.com',
+                     'researchgate.net',
+                 ],
+                 **kwargs):
+        self.api_key = api_key
+        self.proxy = kwargs.get('proxy')
+        self.search_type = kwargs.get('search_type', 'search')
+        self.kwargs = kwargs
+        super().__init__(topk, black_list)
+
+    @cached(cache=TTLCache(maxsize=100, ttl=600))
+    def search(self, query: str, max_retry: int = 3) -> dict:
+        for attempt in range(max_retry):
+            try:
+                response = self._call_serper_api(query)
+                return self._parse_response(response)
+            except Exception as e:
+                logging.exception(str(e))
+                warnings.warn(
+                    f'Retry {attempt + 1}/{max_retry} due to error: {e}')
+                time.sleep(random.randint(2, 5))
+        raise Exception(
+            'Failed to get search results from Google Serper Search after retries.'
+        )
+
+    @acached(cache=TTLCache(maxsize=100, ttl=600))
+    async def asearch(self, query: str, max_retry: int = 3) -> dict:
+        for attempt in range(max_retry):
+            try:
+                response = await self._async_call_serper_api(query)
+                return self._parse_response(response)
+            except Exception as e:
+                logging.exception(str(e))
+                warnings.warn(
+                    f'Retry {attempt + 1}/{max_retry} due to error: {e}')
+                await asyncio.sleep(random.randint(2, 5))
+        raise Exception(
+            'Failed to get search results from Google Serper Search after retries.'
+        )
+
+    def _call_serper_api(self, query: str) -> dict:
+        endpoint = f'https://google.serper.dev/{self.search_type}'
+        params = {
+            'q': query,
+            'num': self.topk,
+            **{
+                key: value
+                for key, value in self.kwargs.items() if value is not None
+            },
+        }
+        headers = {
+            'X-API-KEY': self.api_key or '',
+            'Content-Type': 'application/json'
+        }
+        response = requests.get(
+            endpoint, headers=headers, params=params, proxies=self.proxy)
+        response.raise_for_status()
+        return response.json()
+
+    async def _async_call_serper_api(self, query: str) -> dict:
+        endpoint = f'https://google.serper.dev/{self.search_type}'
+        params = {
+            'q': query,
+            'num': self.topk,
+            **{
+                key: value
+                for key, value in self.kwargs.items() if value is not None
+            },
+        }
+        headers = {
+            'X-API-KEY': self.api_key or '',
+            'Content-Type': 'application/json'
+        }
+        async with aiohttp.ClientSession(raise_for_status=True) as session:
+            async with session.get(
+                    endpoint,
+                    headers=headers,
+                    params=params,
+                    proxy=self.proxy and
+                (self.proxy.get('http') or self.proxy.get('https'))) as resp:
+                return await resp.json()
+
+    def _parse_response(self, response: dict) -> dict:
+        raw_results = []
+
+        if response.get('answerBox'):
+            answer_box = response.get('answerBox', {})
+            if answer_box.get('answer'):
+                raw_results.append(('', answer_box.get('answer'), ''))
+            elif answer_box.get('snippet'):
+                raw_results.append(
+                    ('', answer_box.get('snippet').replace('\n', ' '), ''))
+            elif answer_box.get('snippetHighlighted'):
+                raw_results.append(
+                    ('', answer_box.get('snippetHighlighted'), ''))
+
+        if response.get('knowledgeGraph'):
+            kg = response.get('knowledgeGraph', {})
+            description = kg.get('description', '')
+            attributes = '. '.join(
+                f'{attribute}: {value}'
+                for attribute, value in kg.get('attributes', {}).items())
+            raw_results.append(
+                (kg.get('descriptionLink', ''),
+                 f'{description}. {attributes}' if attributes else description,
+                 f"{kg.get('title', '')}: {kg.get('type', '')}."))
+
+        for result in response[self.result_key_for_type[
+                self.search_type]][:self.topk]:
+            description = result.get('snippet', '')
+            attributes = '. '.join(
+                f'{attribute}: {value}'
+                for attribute, value in result.get('attributes', {}).items())
+            raw_results.append(
+                (result.get('link', ''),
+                 f'{description}. {attributes}' if attributes else description,
+                 result.get('title', '')))
+
+        return self._filter_results(raw_results)
+
+
+class TencentSearch(BaseSearch):
+    """Wrapper around the tencentclound Search API.
+
+    To use, you should pass your secret_id and secret_key to the constructor.
+
+    Args:
+        secret_id (str): Your Tencent Cloud secret ID for accessing the API.
+            For more details, refer to the documentation: https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/598/40488.
+        secret_key (str): Your Tencent Cloud secret key for accessing the API.
+        api_key (str, optional): Additional API key, if required.
+        action (str): The action for this interface, use `SearchCommon`.
+        version (str): The API version, use `2020-12-29`.
+        service (str): The service name, use `tms`.
+        host (str): The API host, use `tms.tencentcloudapi.com`.
+        topk (int): The maximum number of search results to return.
+        tsn (int): Time filter for search results. Valid values:
+            1 (within 1 day), 2 (within 1 week), 3 (within 1 month),
+            4 (within 1 year), 5 (within 6 months), 6 (within 3 years).
+        insite (str): Specify a site to search within (supports only a single site).
+            If not specified, the entire web is searched. Example: `zhihu.com`.
+        category (str): Vertical category for filtering results. Optional values include:
+            `baike` (encyclopedia), `weather`, `calendar`, `medical`, `news`, `train`, `star` (horoscope).
+        vrid (str): Result card type(s). Different `vrid` values represent different types of result cards.
+            Supports multiple values separated by commas. Example: `30010255`.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self,
+                 secret_id: str = 'Your SecretId',
+                 secret_key: str = 'Your SecretKey',
+                 api_key: str = '',
+                 action: str = 'SearchCommon',
+                 version: str = '2020-12-29',
+                 service: str = 'tms',
+                 host: str = 'tms.tencentcloudapi.com',
+                 topk: int = 3,
+                 tsn: int = None,
+                 insite: str = None,
+                 category: str = None,
+                 vrid: str = None,
+                 black_list: List[str] = [
+                     'enoN',
+                     'youtube.com',
+                     'bilibili.com',
+                     'researchgate.net',
+                 ]):
+        self.secret_id = secret_id
+        self.secret_key = secret_key
+        self.api_key = api_key
+        self.action = action
+        self.version = version
+        self.service = service
+        self.host = host
+        self.tsn = tsn
+        self.insite = insite
+        self.category = category
+        self.vrid = vrid
+        super().__init__(topk, black_list=black_list)
+
+    @cached(cache=TTLCache(maxsize=100, ttl=600))
+    def search(self, query: str, max_retry: int = 3) -> dict:
+        for attempt in range(max_retry):
+            try:
+                response = self._call_tencent_api(query)
+                return self._parse_response(response)
+            except Exception as e:
+                logging.exception(str(e))
+                warnings.warn(
+                    f'Retry {attempt + 1}/{max_retry} due to error: {e}')
+                time.sleep(random.randint(2, 5))
+        raise Exception(
+            'Failed to get search results from Bing Search after retries.')
+
+    @acached(cache=TTLCache(maxsize=100, ttl=600))
+    async def asearch(self, query: str, max_retry: int = 3) -> dict:
+        for attempt in range(max_retry):
+            try:
+                response = await self._async_call_tencent_api(query)
+                return self._parse_response(response)
+            except Exception as e:
+                logging.exception(str(e))
+                warnings.warn(
+                    f'Retry {attempt + 1}/{max_retry} due to error: {e}')
+                await asyncio.sleep(random.randint(2, 5))
+        raise Exception(
+            'Failed to get search results from Bing Search after retries.')
+
+    def _get_headers_and_payload(self, query: str) -> tuple:
+
+        def sign(key, msg):
+            return hmac.new(key, msg.encode('utf-8'), hashlib.sha256).digest()
+
+        params = dict(Query=query)
+        # if self.topk:
+        #     params['Cnt'] = self.topk
+        if self.tsn:
+            params['Tsn'] = self.tsn
+        if self.insite:
+            params['Insite'] = self.insite
+        if self.category:
+            params['Category'] = self.category
+        if self.vrid:
+            params['Vrid'] = self.vrid
+        payload = json.dumps(params)
+        algorithm = 'TC3-HMAC-SHA256'
+        timestamp = int(time.time())
+        date = datetime.utcfromtimestamp(timestamp).strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
+
+        # ************* 步骤 1：拼接规范请求串 *************
+        http_request_method = 'POST'
+        canonical_uri = '/'
+        canonical_querystring = ''
+        ct = 'application/json; charset=utf-8'
+        canonical_headers = f'content-type:{ct}\nhost:{self.host}\nx-tc-action:{self.action.lower()}\n'
+        signed_headers = 'content-type;host;x-tc-action'
+        hashed_request_payload = hashlib.sha256(
+            payload.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()
+        canonical_request = (
+            http_request_method + '\n' + canonical_uri + '\n' +
+            canonical_querystring + '\n' + canonical_headers + '\n' +
+            signed_headers + '\n' + hashed_request_payload)
+
+        # ************* 步骤 2：拼接待签名字符串 *************
+        credential_scope = date + '/' + self.service + '/' + 'tc3_request'
+        hashed_canonical_request = hashlib.sha256(
+            canonical_request.encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()
+        string_to_sign = (
+            algorithm + '\n' + str(timestamp) + '\n' + credential_scope +
+            '\n' + hashed_canonical_request)
+
+        # ************* 步骤 3：计算签名 *************
+        secret_date = sign(('TC3' + self.secret_key).encode('utf-8'), date)
+        secret_service = sign(secret_date, self.service)
+        secret_signing = sign(secret_service, 'tc3_request')
+        signature = hmac.new(secret_signing, string_to_sign.encode('utf-8'),
+                             hashlib.sha256).hexdigest()
+
+        # ************* 步骤 4：拼接 Authorization *************
+        authorization = (
+            algorithm + ' ' + 'Credential=' + self.secret_id + '/' +
+            credential_scope + ', ' + 'SignedHeaders=' + signed_headers +
+            ', ' + 'Signature=' + signature)
+
+        # ************* 步骤 5：构造并发起请求 *************
+        headers = {
+            'Authorization': authorization,
+            'Content-Type': 'application/json; charset=utf-8',
+            'Host': self.host,
+            'X-TC-Action': self.action,
+            'X-TC-Timestamp': str(timestamp),
+            'X-TC-Version': self.version
+        }
+        # if self.region:
+        #     headers["X-TC-Region"] = self.region
+        if self.api_key:
+            headers['X-TC-Token'] = self.api_key
+        return headers, payload
+
+    def _call_tencent_api(self, query: str) -> dict:
+        headers, payload = self._get_headers_and_payload(query)
+        req = HTTPSConnection(self.host)
+        req.request('POST', '/', headers=headers, body=payload.encode('utf-8'))
+        resp = req.getresponse()
+        try:
+            resp = json.loads(resp.read().decode('utf-8'))
+        except Exception as e:
+            logging.warning(str(e))
+            import ast
+            resp = ast.literal_eval(resp)
+        return resp.get('Response', dict())
+
+    async def _async_call_tencent_api(self, query: str):
+        headers, payload = self._get_headers_and_payload(query)
+        async with aiohttp.ClientSession(raise_for_status=True) as session:
+            async with session.post(
+                    'https://' + self.host.lstrip('/'),
+                    headers=headers,
+                    data=payload) as resp:
+                return (await resp.json()).get('Response', {})
+
+    def _parse_response(self, response: dict) -> dict:
+        raw_results = []
+        for item in response.get('Pages', []):
+            display = json.loads(item['Display'])
+            if not display['url']:
+                continue
+            raw_results.append((display['url'], display['content']
+                                or display['abstract_info'], display['title']))
+        return self._filter_results(raw_results)
+
+
+class ContentFetcher:
+
+    def __init__(self, timeout: int = 5):
+        self.timeout = timeout
+
+    @cached(cache=TTLCache(maxsize=100, ttl=600))
+    def fetch(self, url: str) -> Tuple[bool, str]:
+        try:
+            response = requests.get(url, timeout=self.timeout)
+            response.raise_for_status()
+            html = response.content
+        except requests.RequestException as e:
+            return False, str(e)
+
+        text = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser').get_text()
+        cleaned_text = re.sub(r'\n+', '\n', text)
+        return True, cleaned_text
+
+    @acached(cache=TTLCache(maxsize=100, ttl=600))
+    async def afetch(self, url: str) -> Tuple[bool, str]:
+        try:
+            async with aiohttp.ClientSession(
+                    raise_for_status=True,
+                    timeout=aiohttp.ClientTimeout(self.timeout)) as session:
+                async with session.get(url) as resp:
+                    html = await resp.text(errors='ignore')
+                    text = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser').get_text()
+                    cleaned_text = re.sub(r'\n+', '\n', text)
+                    return True, cleaned_text
+        except Exception as e:
+            return False, str(e)
+
+
+class WebBrowser(BaseAction):
+    """Wrapper around the Web Browser Tool.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self,
+                 searcher_type: str = 'DuckDuckGoSearch',
+                 timeout: int = 5,
+                 black_list: Optional[List[str]] = [
+                     'enoN',
+                     'youtube.com',
+                     'bilibili.com',
+                     'researchgate.net',
+                 ],
+                 topk: int = 20,
+                 description: Optional[dict] = None,
+                 parser: Type[BaseParser] = JsonParser,
+                 **kwargs):
+        self.searcher = eval(searcher_type)(
+            black_list=black_list, topk=topk, **kwargs)
+        self.fetcher = ContentFetcher(timeout=timeout)
+        self.search_results = None
+        super().__init__(description, parser)
+
+    @tool_api
+    def search(self, query: Union[str, List[str]]) -> dict:
+        """BING search API
+        Args:
+            query (List[str]): list of search query strings
+        """
+        queries = query if isinstance(query, list) else [query]
+        search_results = {}
+
+        with ThreadPoolExecutor() as executor:
+            future_to_query = {
+                executor.submit(self.searcher.search, q): q
+                for q in queries
+            }
+
+            for future in as_completed(future_to_query):
+                query = future_to_query[future]
+                try:
+                    results = future.result()
+                except Exception as exc:
+                    warnings.warn(f'{query} generated an exception: {exc}')
+                else:
+                    for result in results.values():
+                        if result['url'] not in search_results:
+                            search_results[result['url']] = result
+                        else:
+                            search_results[
+                                result['url']]['summ'] += f"\n{result['summ']}"
+
+        self.search_results = {
+            idx: result
+            for idx, result in enumerate(search_results.values())
+        }
+        return self.search_results
+
+    @tool_api
+    def select(self, select_ids: List[int]) -> dict:
+        """get the detailed content on the selected pages.
+
+        Args:
+            select_ids (List[int]): list of index to select. Max number of index to be selected is no more than 4.
+        """
+        if not self.search_results:
+            raise ValueError('No search results to select from.')
+
+        new_search_results = {}
+        with ThreadPoolExecutor() as executor:
+            future_to_id = {
+                executor.submit(self.fetcher.fetch, self.search_results[select_id]['url']): select_id
+                for select_id in select_ids if select_id in self.search_results
+            }
+            for future in as_completed(future_to_id):
+                select_id = future_to_id[future]
+                try:
+                    web_success, web_content = future.result()
+                except Exception as exc:
+                    warnings.warn(f'{select_id} generated an exception: {exc}')
+                else:
+                    if web_success:
+                        self.search_results[select_id][
+                            'content'] = web_content[:8192]
+                        new_search_results[select_id] = self.search_results[
+                            select_id].copy()
+                        new_search_results[select_id].pop('summ')
+
+        return new_search_results
+
+    @tool_api
+    def open_url(self, url: str) -> dict:
+        print(f'Start Browsing: {url}')
+        web_success, web_content = self.fetcher.fetch(url)
+        if web_success:
+            return {'type': 'text', 'content': web_content}
+        else:
+            return {'error': web_content}
+
+
+class AsyncWebBrowser(AsyncActionMixin, WebBrowser):
+    """Wrapper around the Web Browser Tool.
+    """
+
+    @tool_api
+    async def search(self, query: Union[str, List[str]]) -> dict:
+        """BING search API
+        
+        Args:
+            query (List[str]): list of search query strings
+        """
+        queries = query if isinstance(query, list) else [query]
+        search_results = {}
+
+        tasks = []
+        for q in queries:
+            task = asyncio.create_task(self.searcher.asearch(q))
+            task.query = q
+            tasks.append(task)
+        async for future in async_as_completed(tasks):
+            query = future.query
+            try:
+                results = await future
+            except Exception as exc:
+                warnings.warn(f'{query} generated an exception: {exc}')
+            else:
+                for result in results.values():
+                    if result['url'] not in search_results:
+                        search_results[result['url']] = result
+                    else:
+                        search_results[
+                            result['url']]['summ'] += f"\n{result['summ']}"
+
+        self.search_results = {
+            idx: result
+            for idx, result in enumerate(search_results.values())
+        }
+        return self.search_results
+
+    @tool_api
+    async def select(self, select_ids: List[int]) -> dict:
+        """get the detailed content on the selected pages.
+
+        Args:
+            select_ids (List[int]): list of index to select. Max number of index to be selected is no more than 4.
+        """
+        if not self.search_results:
+            raise ValueError('No search results to select from.')
+
+        new_search_results = {}
+        tasks = []
+        for select_id in select_ids:
+            if select_id in self.search_results:
+                task = asyncio.create_task(
+                    self.fetcher.afetch(self.search_results[select_id]['url']))
+                task.select_id = select_id
+                tasks.append(task)
+        async for future in async_as_completed(tasks):
+            select_id = future.select_id
+            try:
+                web_success, web_content = await future
+            except Exception as exc:
+                warnings.warn(f'{select_id} generated an exception: {exc}')
+            else:
+                if web_success:
+                    self.search_results[select_id][
+                        'content'] = web_content[:8192]
+                    new_search_results[select_id] = self.search_results[
+                        select_id].copy()
+                    new_search_results[select_id].pop('summ')
+        return new_search_results
+
+    @tool_api
+    async def open_url(self, url: str) -> dict:
+        print(f'Start Browsing: {url}')
+        web_success, web_content = await self.fetcher.afetch(url)
+        if web_success:
+            return {'type': 'text', 'content': web_content}
+        else:
+            return {'error': web_content}

lagent/agents/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+from .agent import Agent, AgentDict, AgentList, AsyncAgent, AsyncSequential, Sequential
+from .react import AsyncReAct, ReAct
+from .stream import AgentForInternLM, AsyncAgentForInternLM, AsyncMathCoder, MathCoder
+
+__all__ = [
+    'Agent', 'AgentDict', 'AgentList', 'AsyncAgent', 'AgentForInternLM',
+    'AsyncAgentForInternLM', 'MathCoder', 'AsyncMathCoder', 'ReAct',
+    'AsyncReAct', 'Sequential', 'AsyncSequential'
+]

lagent/agents/agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,400 @@
+import copy
+import warnings
+from collections import OrderedDict, UserDict, UserList, abc
+from functools import wraps
+from itertools import chain, repeat
+from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, Iterable, List, Mapping, Optional, Union
+
+from lagent.agents.aggregator import DefaultAggregator
+from lagent.hooks import Hook, RemovableHandle
+from lagent.llms import BaseLLM
+from lagent.memory import Memory, MemoryManager
+from lagent.prompts.parsers import StrParser
+from lagent.prompts.prompt_template import PromptTemplate
+from lagent.schema import AgentMessage
+from lagent.utils import create_object
+
+
+class Agent:
+    """Agent is the basic unit of the system. It is responsible for
+    communicating with the LLM, managing the memory, and handling the
+    message aggregation and parsing. It can also be extended with hooks
+
+    Args:
+        llm (Union[BaseLLM, Dict]): The language model used by the agent.
+        template (Union[PromptTemplate, str]): The template used to format the
+            messages.
+        memory (Dict): The memory used by the agent.
+        output_format (Dict): The output format used by the agent.
+        aggregator (Dict): The aggregator used by the agent.
+        name (Optional[str]): The name of the agent.
+        description (Optional[str]): The description of the agent.
+        hooks (Optional[Union[List[Dict], Dict]]): The hooks used by the agent.
+
+    Returns:
+        AgentMessage: The response message.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        llm: Union[BaseLLM, Dict] = None,
+        template: Union[PromptTemplate, str, dict, List[dict]] = None,
+        memory: Dict = dict(type=Memory),
+        output_format: Optional[Dict] = None,
+        aggregator: Dict = dict(type=DefaultAggregator),
+        name: Optional[str] = None,
+        description: Optional[str] = None,
+        hooks: Optional[Union[List[Dict], Dict]] = None,
+    ):
+        self.name = name or self.__class__.__name__
+        self.llm: BaseLLM = create_object(llm)
+        self.memory: MemoryManager = MemoryManager(memory) if memory else None
+        self.output_format: StrParser = create_object(output_format)
+        self.template = template
+        self.description = description
+        self.aggregator: DefaultAggregator = create_object(aggregator)
+        self._hooks: Dict[int, Hook] = OrderedDict()
+        if hooks:
+            for hook in hooks:
+                hook = create_object(hook)
+                self.register_hook(hook)
+
+    def update_memory(self, message, session_id=0):
+        if self.memory:
+            self.memory.add(message, session_id=session_id)
+
+    def __call__(
+        self,
+        *message: Union[str, AgentMessage, List[AgentMessage]],
+        session_id=0,
+        **kwargs,
+    ) -> AgentMessage:
+        # message.receiver = self.name
+        message = [
+            AgentMessage(sender='user', content=m)
+            if isinstance(m, str) else copy.deepcopy(m) for m in message
+        ]
+        for hook in self._hooks.values():
+            result = hook.before_agent(self, message, session_id)
+            if result:
+                message = result
+        self.update_memory(message, session_id=session_id)
+        response_message = self.forward(
+            *message, session_id=session_id, **kwargs)
+        if not isinstance(response_message, AgentMessage):
+            response_message = AgentMessage(
+                sender=self.name,
+                content=response_message,
+            )
+        self.update_memory(response_message, session_id=session_id)
+        response_message = copy.deepcopy(response_message)
+        for hook in self._hooks.values():
+            result = hook.after_agent(self, response_message, session_id)
+            if result:
+                response_message = result
+        return response_message
+
+    def forward(self,
+                *message: AgentMessage,
+                session_id=0,
+                **kwargs) -> Union[AgentMessage, str]:
+        formatted_messages = self.aggregator.aggregate(
+            self.memory.get(session_id),
+            self.name,
+            self.output_format,
+            self.template,
+        )
+        llm_response = self.llm.chat(formatted_messages, **kwargs)
+        if self.output_format:
+            formatted_messages = self.output_format.parse_response(
+                llm_response)
+            return AgentMessage(
+                sender=self.name,
+                content=llm_response,
+                formatted=formatted_messages,
+            )
+        return llm_response
+
+    def __setattr__(self, __name: str, __value: Any) -> None:
+        if isinstance(__value, Agent):
+            _agents = getattr(self, '_agents', OrderedDict())
+            _agents[__name] = __value
+            super().__setattr__('_agents', _agents)
+        super().__setattr__(__name, __value)
+
+    def state_dict(self, session_id=0):
+        state_dict, stack = {}, [('', self)]
+        while stack:
+            prefix, node = stack.pop()
+            key = prefix + 'memory'
+            if node.memory is not None:
+                if session_id not in node.memory.memory_map:
+                    warnings.warn(f'No session id {session_id} in {key}')
+                memory = node.memory.get(session_id)
+                state_dict[key] = memory and memory.save() or []
+            if hasattr(node, '_agents'):
+                for name, value in reversed(node._agents.items()):
+                    stack.append((prefix + name + '.', value))
+        return state_dict
+
+    def load_state_dict(self, state_dict: Dict, session_id=0):
+        _state_dict = self.state_dict()
+        missing_keys = set(_state_dict) - set(state_dict)
+        if missing_keys:
+            raise KeyError(f'Missing keys: {missing_keys}')
+        extra_keys = set(state_dict) - set(_state_dict)
+        if extra_keys:
+            warnings.warn(f'Mismatch keys which are not used: {extra_keys}')
+        for key in _state_dict:
+            obj = self
+            for attr in key.split('.')[:-1]:
+                if isinstance(obj, AgentList):
+                    assert attr.isdigit()
+                    obj = obj[int(attr)]
+                elif isinstance(obj, AgentDict):
+                    obj = obj[attr]
+                else:
+                    obj = getattr(obj, attr)
+            if obj.memory is not None:
+                if session_id not in obj.memory.memory_map:
+                    obj.memory.create_instance(session_id)
+                obj.memory.memory_map[session_id].load(state_dict[key] or [])
+
+    def register_hook(self, hook: Callable):
+        handle = RemovableHandle(self._hooks)
+        self._hooks[handle.id] = hook
+        return handle
+
+    def reset(self,
+              session_id=0,
+              keypath: Optional[str] = None,
+              recursive: bool = False):
+        assert not (keypath and
+                    recursive), 'keypath and recursive can\'t be used together'
+        if keypath:
+            keys, agent = keypath.split('.'), self
+            for key in keys:
+                agents = getattr(agent, '_agents', {})
+                if key not in agents:
+                    raise KeyError(f'No sub-agent named {key} in {agent}')
+                agent = agents[key]
+            agent.reset(session_id, recursive=False)
+        else:
+            if self.memory:
+                self.memory.reset(session_id=session_id)
+            if recursive:
+                for agent in getattr(self, '_agents', {}).values():
+                    agent.reset(session_id, recursive=True)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+
+        def _rcsv_repr(agent, n_indent=1):
+            res = agent.__class__.__name__ + (f"(name='{agent.name}')"
+                                              if agent.name else '')
+            modules = [
+                f"{n_indent * '  '}({name}): {_rcsv_repr(agent, n_indent + 1)}"
+                for name, agent in getattr(agent, '_agents', {}).items()
+            ]
+            if modules:
+                res += '(\n' + '\n'.join(
+                    modules) + f'\n{(n_indent - 1) * "  "})'
+            elif not res.endswith(')'):
+                res += '()'
+            return res
+
+        return _rcsv_repr(self)
+
+
+class AsyncAgent(Agent):
+
+    async def __call__(self,
+                       *message: AgentMessage | List[AgentMessage],
+                       session_id=0,
+                       **kwargs) -> AgentMessage:
+        message = [
+            AgentMessage(sender='user', content=m)
+            if isinstance(m, str) else copy.deepcopy(m) for m in message
+        ]
+        for hook in self._hooks.values():
+            result = hook.before_agent(self, message, session_id)
+            if result:
+                message = result
+        self.update_memory(message, session_id=session_id)
+        response_message = await self.forward(
+            *message, session_id=session_id, **kwargs)
+        if not isinstance(response_message, AgentMessage):
+            response_message = AgentMessage(
+                sender=self.name,
+                content=response_message,
+            )
+        self.update_memory(response_message, session_id=session_id)
+        response_message = copy.deepcopy(response_message)
+        for hook in self._hooks.values():
+            result = hook.after_agent(self, response_message, session_id)
+            if result:
+                response_message = result
+        return response_message
+
+    async def forward(self,
+                      *message: AgentMessage,
+                      session_id=0,
+                      **kwargs) -> Union[AgentMessage, str]:
+        formatted_messages = self.aggregator.aggregate(
+            self.memory.get(session_id),
+            self.name,
+            self.output_format,
+            self.template,
+        )
+        llm_response = await self.llm.chat(formatted_messages, session_id,
+                                           **kwargs)
+        if self.output_format:
+            formatted_messages = self.output_format.parse_response(
+                llm_response)
+            return AgentMessage(
+                sender=self.name,
+                content=llm_response,
+                formatted=formatted_messages,
+            )
+        return llm_response
+
+
+class Sequential(Agent):
+    """Sequential is an agent container that forwards messages to each agent 
+    in the order they are added."""
+
+    def __init__(self, *agents: Union[Agent, AsyncAgent, Iterable], **kwargs):
+        super().__init__(**kwargs)
+        self._agents = OrderedDict()
+        if not agents:
+            raise ValueError('At least one agent should be provided')
+        if isinstance(agents[0],
+                      Iterable) and not isinstance(agents[0], Agent):
+            if not agents[0]:
+                raise ValueError('At least one agent should be provided')
+            agents = agents[0]
+        for key, agent in enumerate(agents):
+            if isinstance(agents, Mapping):
+                key, agent = agent, agents[agent]
+            elif isinstance(agent, tuple):
+                key, agent = agent
+            self.add_agent(key, agent)
+
+    def add_agent(self, name: str, agent: Union[Agent, AsyncAgent]):
+        assert isinstance(
+            agent, (Agent, AsyncAgent
+                    )), f'{type(agent)} is not an Agent or AsyncAgent subclass'
+        self._agents[str(name)] = agent
+
+    def forward(self,
+                *message: AgentMessage,
+                session_id=0,
+                exit_at: Optional[int] = None,
+                **kwargs) -> AgentMessage:
+        assert exit_at is None or exit_at >= 0, 'exit_at should be greater than or equal to 0'
+        if exit_at is None:
+            exit_at = len(self) - 1
+        iterator = chain.from_iterable(repeat(self._agents.values()))
+        for _ in range(exit_at + 1):
+            agent = next(iterator)
+            if isinstance(message, AgentMessage):
+                message = (message, )
+            message = agent(*message, session_id=session_id, **kwargs)
+        return message
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        if isinstance(key, int) and key < 0:
+            assert key >= -len(self), 'index out of range'
+            key = len(self) + key
+        return self._agents[str(key)]
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self._agents)
+
+
+class AsyncSequential(Sequential, AsyncAgent):
+
+    async def forward(self,
+                      *message: AgentMessage,
+                      session_id=0,
+                      exit_at: Optional[int] = None,
+                      **kwargs) -> AgentMessage:
+        assert exit_at is None or exit_at >= 0, 'exit_at should be greater than or equal to 0'
+        if exit_at is None:
+            exit_at = len(self) - 1
+        iterator = chain.from_iterable(repeat(self._agents.values()))
+        for _ in range(exit_at + 1):
+            agent = next(iterator)
+            if isinstance(message, AgentMessage):
+                message = (message, )
+            message = await agent(*message, session_id=session_id, **kwargs)
+        return message
+
+
+class AgentContainerMixin:
+
+    def __init_subclass__(cls):
+        super().__init_subclass__()
+
+        def wrap_api(func):
+
+            @wraps(func)
+            def wrapped_func(self, *args, **kwargs):
+                data = self.data.copy() if hasattr(self, 'data') else None
+
+                def _backup(d):
+                    if d is None:
+                        self.data.clear()
+                    else:
+                        self.data = d
+
+                ret = func(self, *args, **kwargs)
+                agents = OrderedDict()
+                for k, item in (self.data.items() if isinstance(
+                        self.data, abc.Mapping) else enumerate(self.data)):
+                    if isinstance(self.data,
+                                  abc.Mapping) and not isinstance(k, str):
+                        _backup(data)
+                        raise KeyError(
+                            f'agent name should be a string, got {type(k)}')
+                    if isinstance(k, str) and '.' in k:
+                        _backup(data)
+                        raise KeyError(
+                            f'agent name can\'t contain ".", got {k}')
+                    if not isinstance(item, (Agent, AsyncAgent)):
+                        _backup(data)
+                        raise TypeError(
+                            f'{type(item)} is not an Agent or AsyncAgent subclass'
+                        )
+                    agents[str(k)] = item
+                self._agents = agents
+                return ret
+
+            return wrapped_func
+
+        for method in [
+                'append', 'sort', 'reverse', 'pop', 'clear', 'update',
+                'insert', 'extend', 'remove', '__init__', '__setitem__',
+                '__delitem__', '__add__', '__iadd__', '__radd__', '__mul__',
+                '__imul__', '__rmul__'
+        ]:
+            if hasattr(cls, method):
+                setattr(cls, method, wrap_api(getattr(cls, method)))
+
+
+class AgentList(Agent, UserList, AgentContainerMixin):
+
+    def __init__(self,
+                 agents: Optional[Iterable[Union[Agent, AsyncAgent]]] = None):
+        Agent.__init__(self, memory=None)
+        UserList.__init__(self, agents)
+        self.name = None
+
+
+class AgentDict(Agent, UserDict, AgentContainerMixin):
+
+    def __init__(self,
+                 agents: Optional[Mapping[str, Union[Agent,
+                                                     AsyncAgent]]] = None):
+        Agent.__init__(self, memory=None)
+        UserDict.__init__(self, agents)
+        self.name = None

lagent/agents/aggregator/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+from .default_aggregator import DefaultAggregator
+from .tool_aggregator import InternLMToolAggregator
+
+__all__ = ['DefaultAggregator', 'InternLMToolAggregator']

lagent/agents/aggregator/default_aggregator.py

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+from typing import Dict, List
+
+from lagent.memory import Memory
+from lagent.prompts import StrParser
+
+
+class DefaultAggregator:
+
+    def aggregate(self,
+                  messages: Memory,
+                  name: str,
+                  parser: StrParser = None,
+                  system_instruction: str = None) -> List[Dict[str, str]]:
+        _message = []
+        messages = messages.get_memory()
+        if system_instruction:
+            _message.extend(
+                self.aggregate_system_intruction(system_instruction))
+        for message in messages:
+            if message.sender == name:
+                _message.append(
+                    dict(role='assistant', content=str(message.content)))
+            else:
+                user_message = message.content
+                if len(_message) > 0 and _message[-1]['role'] == 'user':
+                    _message[-1]['content'] += user_message
+                else:
+                    _message.append(dict(role='user', content=user_message))
+        return _message
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def aggregate_system_intruction(system_intruction) -> List[dict]:
+        if isinstance(system_intruction, str):
+            system_intruction = dict(role='system', content=system_intruction)
+        if isinstance(system_intruction, dict):
+            system_intruction = [system_intruction]
+        if isinstance(system_intruction, list):
+            for msg in system_intruction:
+                if not isinstance(msg, dict):
+                    raise TypeError(f'Unsupported message type: {type(msg)}')
+                if not ('role' in msg and 'content' in msg):
+                    raise KeyError(
+                        f"Missing required key 'role' or 'content': {msg}")
+        return system_intruction

lagent/agents/aggregator/tool_aggregator.py

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Union
+
+from lagent.agents.aggregator.default_aggregator import DefaultAggregator
+from lagent.memory.base_memory import Memory
+from lagent.prompts.parsers.tool_parser import MixedToolParser, ToolParser, ToolStatusCode
+
+
+class InternLMToolAggregator(DefaultAggregator):
+
+    def __init__(self,
+                 environment_role='environment',
+                 environment_begin='',
+                 environment_end='',
+                 user_names: Optional[List[str]] = None,
+                 few_shot: Optional[List[List[dict]]] = None):
+        self.environment_role = environment_role
+        self.environment_begin = environment_begin
+        self.environment_end = environment_end
+        self.user_names = user_names or ['user']
+        self.few_shot = few_shot or []
+
+    def aggregate(self,
+                  messages: Memory,
+                  name: str,
+                  parser: Union[ToolParser, MixedToolParser],
+                  system_instruction: str = None) -> List[Dict[str, str]]:
+        _message = []
+        messages = messages.get_memory()
+        if system_instruction:
+            _message.extend(
+                self.aggregate_system_intruction(system_instruction))
+        tool_instruction = parser.format_instruction()
+        if tool_instruction:
+            if isinstance(tool_instruction, str):
+                tool_instruction = dict(
+                    role='system', content=tool_instruction)
+                if parser.tool_type:
+                    tool_instruction['name'] = parser.tool_type
+            if isinstance(tool_instruction, dict):
+                tool_instruction = [tool_instruction]
+            _message.extend(tool_instruction)
+
+        for shot in self.few_shot:
+            i = 0
+            while i < len(shot):
+                msg = shot[i]
+                if msg['role'] in ['assistant', 'user', 'system']:
+                    _message.append(msg)
+                elif msg['role'] == self.environment_role:
+                    if not msg['content'].startswith(self.environment_begin):
+                        msg['content'] = self.environment_begin + msg['content']
+                    if not msg['content'].endswith(self.environment_end):
+                        msg['content'] += self.environment_end
+                    _message.append(msg)
+                elif msg['role'] in ['thought', 'language']:
+                    if i < len(shot) - 1 and shot[i + 1]['role'] == 'tool':
+                        _message.append(
+                            dict(
+                                role='assistant',
+                                content=parser.format_response(
+                                    dict(
+                                        tool_type=shot[i + 1]['name'],
+                                        thought=msg['content'],
+                                        action=shot[i + 1]['content'],
+                                        status=None))))
+                        i += 1
+                    else:
+                        _message.append(
+                            dict(
+                                role='assistant',
+                                content=parser.format_response(
+                                    dict(
+                                        tool_type=None,
+                                        thought=msg['content'],
+                                        action=None,
+                                        status=None))))
+                else:
+                    raise KeyError(f'Unkown role: {msg["role"]}')
+                i += 1
+
+        tool_type = None
+        for message in messages:
+            if message.sender == name:
+                if isinstance(message.formatted, dict):
+                    parsed = message.formatted
+                    if parsed['status'] == ToolStatusCode.PARSING_ERROR:
+                        continue
+                    _message.append(
+                        dict(
+                            role='assistant',
+                            content=parser.format_response(parsed)))
+                    tool_type = parsed['tool_type']
+                else:
+                    _message.append(
+                        dict(role='assistant', content=str(message.content)))
+            elif message.sender in self.user_names:
+                _message.append(dict(role='user', content=message.content))
+            else:
+                msg = dict(
+                    role=self.environment_role,
+                    content=self.environment_begin + str(message.content) +
+                    self.environment_end)
+                if tool_type:
+                    msg['name'] = tool_type
+                _message.append(msg)
+        return _message

lagent/agents/react.py

@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+import json
+from typing import Callable, Dict, List, Union
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
+
+from lagent.actions import ActionExecutor, AsyncActionExecutor, BaseAction
+from lagent.agents.agent import Agent, AsyncAgent
+from lagent.agents.aggregator import DefaultAggregator
+from lagent.hooks import ActionPreprocessor
+from lagent.llms import BaseLLM
+from lagent.memory import Memory
+from lagent.prompts.parsers.json_parser import JSONParser
+from lagent.prompts.prompt_template import PromptTemplate
+from lagent.schema import AgentMessage
+from lagent.utils import create_object
+
+select_action_template = """你是一个可以调用外部工具的助手，可以使用的工具包括：
+{action_info}
+{output_format}
+开始!"""
+
+output_format_template = """如果使用工具请遵循以下格式回复：
+{function_format}
+
+如果你已经知道了答案，或者你不需要工具，请遵循以下格式回复
+{finish_format}"""
+
+
+class ReAct(Agent):
+
+    def __init__(self,
+                 llm: Union[BaseLLM, Dict],
+                 actions: Union[BaseAction, List[BaseAction]],
+                 template: Union[PromptTemplate, str] = None,
+                 memory: Dict = dict(type=Memory),
+                 output_format: Dict = dict(type=JSONParser),
+                 aggregator: Dict = dict(type=DefaultAggregator),
+                 hooks: List = [dict(type=ActionPreprocessor)],
+                 finish_condition: Callable[[AgentMessage], bool] = lambda m:
+                 'conclusion' in m.content or 'conclusion' in m.formatted,
+                 max_turn: int = 5,
+                 **kwargs):
+        self.max_turn = max_turn
+        self.finish_condition = finish_condition
+        actions = dict(
+            type=ActionExecutor,
+            actions=actions,
+            hooks=hooks,
+        )
+        self.actions: ActionExecutor = create_object(actions)
+        select_agent = dict(
+            type=Agent,
+            llm=llm,
+            template=template.format(
+                action_info=json.dumps(self.actions.description()),
+                output_format=output_format.format_instruction()),
+            output_format=output_format,
+            memory=memory,
+            aggregator=aggregator,
+            hooks=hooks,
+        )
+        self.select_agent = create_object(select_agent)
+        super().__init__(**kwargs)
+
+    def forward(self, message: AgentMessage, **kwargs) -> AgentMessage:
+        for _ in range(self.max_turn):
+            message = self.select_agent(message)
+            if self.finish_condition(message):
+                return message
+            message = self.actions(message)
+        return message
+
+
+class AsyncReAct(AsyncAgent):
+
+    def __init__(self,
+                 llm: Union[BaseLLM, Dict],
+                 actions: Union[BaseAction, List[BaseAction]],
+                 template: Union[PromptTemplate, str] = None,
+                 memory: Dict = dict(type=Memory),
+                 output_format: Dict = dict(type=JSONParser),
+                 aggregator: Dict = dict(type=DefaultAggregator),
+                 hooks: List = [dict(type=ActionPreprocessor)],
+                 finish_condition: Callable[[AgentMessage], bool] = lambda m:
+                 'conclusion' in m.content or 'conclusion' in m.formatted,
+                 max_turn: int = 5,
+                 **kwargs):
+        self.max_turn = max_turn
+        self.finish_condition = finish_condition
+        actions = dict(
+            type=AsyncActionExecutor,
+            actions=actions,
+            hooks=hooks,
+        )
+        self.actions: AsyncActionExecutor = create_object(actions)
+        select_agent = dict(
+            type=AsyncAgent,
+            llm=llm,
+            template=template.format(
+                action_info=json.dumps(self.actions.description()),
+                output_format=output_format.format_instruction()),
+            output_format=output_format,
+            memory=memory,
+            aggregator=aggregator,
+            hooks=hooks,
+        )
+        self.select_agent = create_object(select_agent)
+        super().__init__(**kwargs)
+
+    async def forward(self, message: AgentMessage, **kwargs) -> AgentMessage:
+        for _ in range(self.max_turn):
+            message = await self.select_agent(message)
+            if self.finish_condition(message):
+                return message
+            message = await self.actions(message)
+        return message
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    from lagent.llms import GPTAPI
+
+    class ActionCall(BaseModel):
+        name: str = Field(description='调用的函数名称')
+        parameters: Dict = Field(description='调用函数的参数')
+
+    class ActionFormat(BaseModel):
+        thought_process: str = Field(
+            description='描述当前所处的状态和已知信息。这有助于明确目前所掌握的信息和接下来的搜索方向。')
+        action: ActionCall = Field(description='当前步骤需要执行的操作，包括函数名��和参数。')
+
+    class FinishFormat(BaseModel):
+        thought_process: str = Field(
+            description='描述当前所处的状态和已知信息。这有助于明确目前所掌握的信息和接下来的搜索方向。')
+        conclusion: str = Field(description='总结当前的搜索结果，回答问题。')
+
+    prompt_template = PromptTemplate(select_action_template)
+    output_format = JSONParser(
+        output_format_template,
+        function_format=ActionFormat,
+        finish_format=FinishFormat)
+
+    llm = dict(
+        type=GPTAPI,
+        model_type='gpt-4o-2024-05-13',
+        key=None,
+        max_new_tokens=4096,
+        proxies=dict(),
+        retry=1000)
+
+    agent = ReAct(
+        llm=llm,
+        template=prompt_template,
+        output_format=output_format,
+        aggregator=dict(type='DefaultAggregator'),
+        actions=[dict(type='PythonInterpreter')],
+    )
+    response = agent(
+        AgentMessage(sender='user', content='用 Python 计算一下 3 ** 5'))
+    print(response)
+    response = agent(AgentMessage(sender='user', content=' 2 ** 5 呢'))
+    print(response)

lagent/agents/stream.py

@@ -0,0 +1,316 @@
+import json
+import warnings
+from copy import deepcopy
+from typing import Callable, Dict, List, Union
+
+from lagent.actions import ActionExecutor, AsyncActionExecutor, AsyncIPythonInterpreter, IPythonInteractive
+from lagent.agents.agent import Agent, AsyncAgent
+from lagent.agents.aggregator import InternLMToolAggregator
+from lagent.hooks import InternLMActionProcessor
+from lagent.llms import BaseLLM
+from lagent.memory import Memory
+from lagent.prompts.parsers import InterpreterParser, MixedToolParser, PluginParser, ToolStatusCode
+from lagent.schema import AgentMessage
+from lagent.utils import create_object
+
+API_PREFIX = (
+    "This is the subfunction for tool '{tool_name}', you can use this tool. "
+    'The description of this function is: \n{description}')
+
+META_CN = ('当开启工具以及代码时，根据需求选择合适的工具进行调用')
+
+INTERPRETER_CN = ('你现在已经能够在一个有状态的 Jupyter 笔记本环境中运行 Python 代码。'
+                  '当你向 python 发送含有 Python 代码的消息时，它将在该环境中执行。'
+                  '这个工具适用于多种场景，如数据分析或处理（包括数据操作、统计分析、图表绘制），'
+                  '复杂的计算问题（解决数学和物理难题），编程示例（理解编程概念或特性），'
+                  '文本处理和分析（比如文本解析和自然语言处理），'
+                  '机器学习和数据科学（用于展示模型训练和数据可视化），'
+                  '以及文件操作和数据导入（处理CSV、JSON等格式的文件）。')
+
+PLUGIN_CN = ('你可以使用如下工具：'
+             '\n{prompt}\n'
+             '如果你已经获得足够信息，请直接给出答案. 避免不必要的工具调用! '
+             '同时注意你可以使用的工具，不要随意捏造！')
+
+
+def get_plugin_prompt(actions, api_desc_template=API_PREFIX):
+    plugin_descriptions = []
+    for action in actions if isinstance(actions, list) else [actions]:
+        action = create_object(action)
+        action_desc = deepcopy(action.description)
+        if action.is_toolkit:
+            for api in action_desc['api_list']:
+                api['name'] = f"{action.name}.{api['name']}"
+                api['description'] = api_desc_template.format(
+                    tool_name=action.name, description=api['description'])
+                api['parameters'] = [
+                    param for param in api['parameters']
+                    if param['name'] in api['required']
+                ]
+                plugin_descriptions.append(api)
+        else:
+            action_desc['description'] = api_desc_template.format(
+                tool_name=action.name, description=action_desc['description'])
+            action_desc['parameters'] = [
+                param for param in action_desc['parameters']
+                if param['name'] in action_desc['required']
+            ]
+            plugin_descriptions.append(action_desc)
+    return json.dumps(plugin_descriptions, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4)
+
+
+class AgentForInternLM(Agent):
+
+    _INTERNAL_AGENT_CLS = Agent
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        llm: Union[BaseLLM, Dict],
+        plugins: Union[dict, List[dict]] = None,
+        interpreter: dict = None,
+        template: Union[str, dict, List[dict]] = None,
+        memory: Dict = dict(type=Memory),
+        output_format: Dict = dict(
+            type=MixedToolParser,
+            template=META_CN,
+            parsers=[
+                dict(type=PluginParser, template=PLUGIN_CN),
+                dict(type=InterpreterParser, template=INTERPRETER_CN),
+            ]),
+        aggregator: Dict = dict(type=InternLMToolAggregator),
+        action_hooks: List = [dict(type=InternLMActionProcessor)],
+        finish_condition: Callable[
+            [AgentMessage],
+            bool] = lambda m: m.formatted['status'] == ToolStatusCode.NO_TOOL,
+        max_turn: int = 4,
+        **kwargs,
+    ):
+        agent = dict(
+            type=self._INTERNAL_AGENT_CLS,
+            llm=llm,
+            template=template,
+            output_format=output_format,
+            memory=memory,
+            aggregator=aggregator,
+            hooks=kwargs.pop('hooks', None),
+        )
+        self.agent = create_object(agent)
+        self.plugin_executor = plugins and ActionExecutor(
+            plugins, hooks=action_hooks)
+        self.interpreter_executor = interpreter and ActionExecutor(
+            interpreter, hooks=action_hooks)
+        if not (self.plugin_executor or self.interpreter_executor):
+            warnings.warn(
+                'Neither plugin nor interpreter executor is initialized. '
+                'An exception will be thrown when the agent call a tool.')
+        self.finish_condition = finish_condition
+        self.max_turn = max_turn
+        super().__init__(**kwargs)
+
+    def forward(self, message: AgentMessage, session_id=0, **kwargs):
+        if isinstance(message, str):
+            message = AgentMessage(sender='user', content=message)
+        for _ in range(self.max_turn):
+            message = self.agent(message, session_id=session_id, **kwargs)
+            assert isinstance(message.formatted, dict)
+            if self.finish_condition(message):
+                return message
+            if message.formatted['tool_type']:
+                tool_type = message.formatted["tool_type"]
+                executor = getattr(self, f'{tool_type}_executor', None)
+                if not executor:
+                    raise RuntimeError(f'No available {tool_type} executor')
+                message = executor(message, session_id=session_id)
+        return message
+
+    def get_steps(self, session_id=0):
+        steps, tool_type = [], None
+        for msg in self.agent.memory.get_memory(session_id):
+            if msg.sender == self.agent.name:
+                steps.append(
+                    dict(role='thought', content=msg.formatted['thought']))
+                if msg.formatted['tool_type']:
+                    tool_type = msg.formatted['tool_type']
+                    steps.append(
+                        dict(
+                            role='tool',
+                            content=msg.formatted['action'],
+                            name=tool_type))
+            elif msg.sender != 'user':
+                feedback = dict(role='environment', content=msg.content)
+                if tool_type:
+                    feedback['name'] = tool_type
+                steps.append(feedback)
+        return steps
+
+
+class MathCoder(AgentForInternLM):
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        llm: Union[BaseLLM, Dict],
+        interpreter: dict = dict(
+            type=IPythonInteractive, timeout=20, max_out_len=8192),
+        template: Union[str, dict, List[dict]] = None,
+        memory: Dict = dict(type=Memory),
+        output_format: Dict = dict(
+            type=InterpreterParser,
+            template=
+            ('Integrate step-by-step reasoning and Python code to solve math problems '
+             'using the following guidelines:\n'
+             '- Analyze the question and write jupyter code to solve the problem;\n'
+             r"- Present the final result in LaTeX using a '\boxed{{}}' without any "
+             'units. \n')),
+        aggregator: Dict = dict(type=InternLMToolAggregator),
+        action_hooks: List = [dict(type=InternLMActionProcessor)],
+        finish_condition: Callable[
+            [AgentMessage],
+            bool] = lambda m: m.formatted['status'] == ToolStatusCode.NO_TOOL,
+        max_turn: int = 6,
+        **kwargs,
+    ):
+        kwargs.pop('plugins', None)
+        super().__init__(
+            llm=llm,
+            interpreter=interpreter,
+            template=template,
+            memory=memory,
+            output_format=output_format,
+            aggregator=aggregator,
+            action_hooks=action_hooks,
+            finish_condition=finish_condition,
+            max_turn=max_turn,
+            **kwargs)
+
+
+class AsyncAgentForInternLM(AsyncAgent):
+
+    _INTERNAL_AGENT_CLS = AsyncAgent
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        llm: Union[BaseLLM, Dict],
+        plugins: Union[dict, List[dict]] = None,
+        interpreter: dict = None,
+        template: Union[str, dict, List[dict]] = None,
+        memory: Dict = dict(type=Memory),
+        output_format: Dict = dict(
+            type=MixedToolParser,
+            template=META_CN,
+            parsers=[
+                dict(type=PluginParser, template=PLUGIN_CN),
+                dict(type=InterpreterParser, template=INTERPRETER_CN),
+            ]),
+        aggregator: Dict = dict(type=InternLMToolAggregator),
+        action_hooks: List = [dict(type=InternLMActionProcessor)],
+        finish_condition: Callable[
+            [AgentMessage],
+            bool] = lambda m: m.formatted['status'] == ToolStatusCode.NO_TOOL,
+        max_turn: int = 4,
+        **kwargs,
+    ):
+        agent = dict(
+            type=self._INTERNAL_AGENT_CLS,
+            llm=llm,
+            template=template,
+            output_format=output_format,
+            memory=memory,
+            aggregator=aggregator,
+            hooks=kwargs.pop('hooks', None),
+        )
+        self.agent = create_object(agent)
+        self.plugin_executor = plugins and AsyncActionExecutor(
+            plugins, hooks=action_hooks)
+        self.interpreter_executor = interpreter and AsyncActionExecutor(
+            interpreter, hooks=action_hooks)
+        if not (self.plugin_executor or self.interpreter_executor):
+            warnings.warn(
+                'Neither plugin nor interpreter executor is initialized. '
+                'An exception will be thrown when the agent call a tool.')
+        self.finish_condition = finish_condition
+        self.max_turn = max_turn
+        super().__init__(**kwargs)
+
+    async def forward(self, message: AgentMessage, session_id=0, **kwargs):
+        if isinstance(message, str):
+            message = AgentMessage(sender='user', content=message)
+        for _ in range(self.max_turn):
+            message = await self.agent(
+                message, session_id=session_id, **kwargs)
+            assert isinstance(message.formatted, dict)
+            if self.finish_condition(message):
+                return message
+            if message.formatted['tool_type']:
+                tool_type = message.formatted["tool_type"]
+                executor = getattr(self, f'{tool_type}_executor', None)
+                if not executor:
+                    raise RuntimeError(f'No available {tool_type} executor')
+                message = await executor(message, session_id=session_id)
+        return message
+
+    def get_steps(self, session_id=0):
+        steps, tool_type = [], None
+        for msg in self.agent.memory.get_memory(session_id):
+            if msg.sender == self.agent.name:
+                steps.append(
+                    dict(role='thought', content=msg.formatted['thought']))
+                if msg.formatted['tool_type']:
+                    tool_type = msg.formatted['tool_type']
+                    steps.append(
+                        dict(
+                            role='tool',
+                            content=msg.formatted['action'],
+                            name=tool_type))
+            elif msg.sender != 'user':
+                feedback = dict(role='environment', content=msg.content)
+                if tool_type:
+                    feedback['name'] = tool_type
+                steps.append(feedback)
+        return steps
+
+
+class AsyncMathCoder(AsyncAgentForInternLM):
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        llm: Union[BaseLLM, Dict],
+        interpreter: dict = dict(type=AsyncIPythonInterpreter),
+        template: Union[str, dict, List[dict]] = None,
+        memory: Dict = dict(type=Memory),
+        output_format: Dict = dict(
+            type=InterpreterParser,
+            template=
+            ('Integrate step-by-step reasoning and Python code to solve math problems '
+             'using the following guidelines:\n'
+             '- Analyze the question and write jupyter code to solve the problem;\n'
+             r"- Present the final result in LaTeX using a '\boxed{{}}' without any "
+             'units. \n')),
+        aggregator: Dict = dict(type=InternLMToolAggregator),
+        action_hooks: List = [dict(type=InternLMActionProcessor)],
+        finish_condition: Callable[
+            [AgentMessage],
+            bool] = lambda m: m.formatted['status'] == ToolStatusCode.NO_TOOL,
+        max_turn: int = 6,
+        **kwargs,
+    ):
+        kwargs.pop('plugins', None)
+        super().__init__(
+            llm=llm,
+            interpreter=interpreter,
+            template=template,
+            memory=memory,
+            output_format=output_format,
+            aggregator=aggregator,
+            action_hooks=action_hooks,
+            finish_condition=finish_condition,
+            max_turn=max_turn,
+            **kwargs)
+
+    async def forward(self, message: AgentMessage, session_id=0, **kwargs):
+        try:
+            return await super().forward(message, session_id, **kwargs)
+        finally:
+            interpreter = next(
+                iter(self.interpreter_executor.actions.values()))
+            if interpreter.name == 'AsyncIPythonInterpreter':
+                await interpreter.close_session(session_id)