app.py

import json
import os

import gradio as gr
import spaces
from contents import (
    pecore_citation,
    inseq_citation,
    description,
    examples,
    how_it_works_intro,
    cti_explanation,
    cci_explanation,
    how_to_use,
    example_explanation,
    show_code_modal,
    subtitle,
    title,
    powered_by,
    faq,
)
from gradio_highlightedtextbox import HighlightedTextbox
from gradio_modal import Modal
from presets import (
    set_chatml_preset,
    set_cora_preset,
    set_default_preset,
    set_mbart_mmt_preset,
    set_nllb_mmt_preset,
    set_towerinstruct_preset,
    set_zephyr_preset,
    set_gemma_preset,
    set_mistral_instruct_preset,
    update_code_snippets_fn,
)
from style import custom_css
from utils import get_formatted_attribute_context_results

from inseq.commands.attribute_context.attribute_context import (
    AttributeContextArgs,
    attribute_context_with_model,
)
from inseq.models import HuggingfaceModel

loaded_model: HuggingfaceModel = None


@spaces.GPU()
def pecore(
    input_current_text: str,
    input_context_text: str,
    output_current_text: str,
    output_context_text: str,
    model_name_or_path: str,
    attribution_method: str,
    attributed_fn: str | None,
    context_sensitivity_metric: str,
    context_sensitivity_std_threshold: float,
    context_sensitivity_topk: int,
    attribution_std_threshold: float,
    attribution_topk: int,
    input_template: str,
    output_template: str,
    contextless_input_template: str,
    contextless_output_template: str,
    special_tokens_to_keep: str | list[str] | None,
    decoder_input_output_separator: str,
    model_kwargs: str,
    tokenizer_kwargs: str,
    generation_kwargs: str,
    attribution_kwargs: str,
):
    global loaded_model
    if "{context}" in output_template and not output_context_text:
        raise gr.Error(
            "Parameter 'Generation context' must be set when including {context} in the output template."
        )
    if loaded_model is None or model_name_or_path != loaded_model.model_name:
        gr.Info("Loading model...")
        loaded_model = HuggingfaceModel.load(
            model_name_or_path,
            attribution_method,
            model_kwargs=json.loads(model_kwargs),
            tokenizer_kwargs=json.loads(tokenizer_kwargs),
        )
    if loaded_model.tokenizer.pad_token is None:
        loaded_model.tokenizer.add_special_tokens({"pad_token": "[PAD]"})
    kwargs = {}
    if context_sensitivity_topk > 0:
        kwargs["context_sensitivity_topk"] = context_sensitivity_topk
    if attribution_topk > 0:
        kwargs["attribution_topk"] = attribution_topk
    if input_context_text:
        kwargs["input_context_text"] = input_context_text
    if output_context_text:
        kwargs["output_context_text"] = output_context_text
    if output_current_text:
        kwargs["output_current_text"] = output_current_text
    if decoder_input_output_separator:
        kwargs["decoder_input_output_separator"] = decoder_input_output_separator
    pecore_args = AttributeContextArgs(
        show_intermediate_outputs=False,
        save_path=os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "outputs/output.json"),
        add_output_info=True,
        viz_path=os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "outputs/output.html"),
        show_viz=False,
        model_name_or_path=model_name_or_path,
        attribution_method=attribution_method,
        attributed_fn=attributed_fn,
        attribution_selectors=None,
        attribution_aggregators=None,
        normalize_attributions=True,
        model_kwargs=json.loads(model_kwargs),
        tokenizer_kwargs=json.loads(tokenizer_kwargs),
        generation_kwargs=json.loads(generation_kwargs),
        attribution_kwargs=json.loads(attribution_kwargs),
        context_sensitivity_metric=context_sensitivity_metric,
        prompt_user_for_contextless_output_next_tokens=False,
        special_tokens_to_keep=special_tokens_to_keep,
        context_sensitivity_std_threshold=context_sensitivity_std_threshold,
        attribution_std_threshold=attribution_std_threshold,
        input_current_text=input_current_text,
        input_template=input_template,
        output_template=output_template,
        contextless_input_current_text=contextless_input_template,
        contextless_output_current_text=contextless_output_template,
        handle_output_context_strategy="pre",
        **kwargs,
    )
    out = attribute_context_with_model(pecore_args, loaded_model)
    tuples = get_formatted_attribute_context_results(loaded_model, out.info, out)
    if not tuples:
        msg = f"Output: {out.output_current}\nWarning: No pairs were found by PECoRe.\nTry adjusting Results Selection parameters to soften selection constraints (e.g. setting Context sensitivity threshold to 0)."
        tuples = [(msg, None)]
    return [
        tuples,
        gr.DownloadButton(
            label="📂 Download output",
            value=os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "outputs/output.json"),
            visible=True,
        ),
        gr.DownloadButton(
            label="🔍 Download HTML",
            value=os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "outputs/output.html"),
            visible=True,
        )
    ]


@spaces.GPU()
def preload_model(
    model_name_or_path: str,
    attribution_method: str,
    model_kwargs: str,
    tokenizer_kwargs: str,
):
    global loaded_model
    if loaded_model is None or model_name_or_path != loaded_model.model_name:
        gr.Info("Loading model...")
        loaded_model = HuggingfaceModel.load(
            model_name_or_path,
            attribution_method,
            model_kwargs=json.loads(model_kwargs),
            tokenizer_kwargs=json.loads(tokenizer_kwargs),
        )
    if loaded_model.tokenizer.pad_token is None:
        loaded_model.tokenizer.add_special_tokens({"pad_token": "[PAD]"})


with gr.Blocks(css=custom_css) as demo:
    with gr.Row():
        with gr.Column(scale=0.1, min_width=100):
            gr.HTML(f'<img src="file/img/pecore_logo_white_contour.png" width=100px />')
        with gr.Column(scale=0.8):
            gr.Markdown(title)
            gr.Markdown(subtitle)
        with gr.Column(scale=0.1, min_width=100):
            gr.HTML(f'<img src="file/img/pecore_logo_white_contour.png" width=100px />')
    gr.Markdown(description)
    with gr.Tab("🐑 Demo"):
        with gr.Row():
            with gr.Column():
                input_context_text = gr.Textbox(
                    label="Input context", lines=3, placeholder="Your input context..."
                )
                input_current_text = gr.Textbox(
                    label="Input query", placeholder="Your input query..."
                )
                with gr.Row(equal_height=True):
                    show_code_btn = gr.Button("Show code", variant="secondary")
                    attribute_input_button = gr.Button("Run PECoRe", variant="primary")
            with gr.Column():
                pecore_output_highlights = HighlightedTextbox(
                    value=[
                        ("This output will contain ", None),
                        ("context sensitive", "Context sensitive"),
                        (" generated tokens and ", None),
                        ("influential context", "Influential context"),
                        (" tokens.", None),
                    ],
                    color_map={
                        "Context sensitive": "#5fb77d",
                        "Influential context": "#80ace8",
                    },
                    show_legend=True,
                    label="PECoRe Output",
                    combine_adjacent=True,
                    interactive=False,
                )
                with gr.Row(equal_height=True):
                    download_output_file_button = gr.DownloadButton(
                        "📂 Download output",
                        visible=False,
                    )
                    download_output_html_button = gr.DownloadButton(
                        "🔍 Download HTML",
                        visible=False,
                        value=os.path.join(
                            os.path.dirname(__file__), "outputs/output.html"
                        ),
                    )
                preset_comment = gr.Markdown(
                    "<i>The <a href='https://huggingface.co/gsarti/cora_mgen' target='_blank'>CORA Multilingual QA</a> model by <a href='https://openreview.net/forum?id=e8blYRui3j' target='_blank'>Asai et al. (2021)</a> is set as default and can be used with the examples below. Explore other presets in the ⚙️ Parameters tab.</i>"
                )
        attribute_input_examples = gr.Examples(
            examples,
            inputs=[input_current_text, input_context_text],
            examples_per_page=1,
        )
    with gr.Tab("⚙️ Parameters") as params_tab:
        gr.Markdown(
            "## ✨ Presets\nSelect a preset to load the selected model and its default parameters (e.g. prompt template, special tokens, etc.) into the fields below.<br>⚠️ **This will overwrite existing parameters. If you intend to use large models that could crash the demo, please clone this Space and allocate appropriate resources for them to run comfortably.**"
        )
        check_enable_large_models = gr.Checkbox(False, label = "I understand, enable large models presets")
        with gr.Row(equal_height=True):
            with gr.Column():
                default_preset = gr.Button("Default", variant="secondary")
                gr.Markdown(
                    "Default preset using templates without special tokens or parameters.\nCan be used with most decoder-only and encoder-decoder models."
                )
            with gr.Column():
                cora_preset = gr.Button("CORA mQA", variant="secondary")
                gr.Markdown(
                    "Preset for the <a href='https://huggingface.co/gsarti/cora_mgen' target='_blank'>CORA Multilingual QA</a> model.\nUses special templates for inputs."
                )
            with gr.Column():
                chatml_template = gr.Button("Qwen ChatML", variant="secondary")
                gr.Markdown(
                    "Preset for models using the <a href='https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/azure-docs/blob/main/articles/ai-services/openai/includes/chat-markup-language.md' target='_blank'>ChatML conversational template</a>.\nUses <code><|im_start|></code>, <code><|im_end|></code> special tokens."
                )
        with gr.Row(equal_height=True):
            with gr.Column(scale=1):
                mbart_mmt_template = gr.Button(
                    "mBART Multilingual MT", variant="secondary"
                )
                gr.Markdown(
                    "Preset for the <a href='https://huggingface.co/facebook/mbart-large-50-many-to-many-mmt' target='_blank'>mBART Many-to-Many</a> multilingual MT model using language tags (default: English to French)."
                )
            with gr.Column(scale=1):
                nllb_mmt_template = gr.Button(
                    "NLLB Multilingual MT", variant="secondary"
                )
                gr.Markdown(
                    "Preset for the <a href='https://huggingface.co/facebook/nllb-200-distilled-600M' target='_blank'>NLLB 600M</a> multilingual MT model using language tags (default: English to French)."
                )
            with gr.Column(scale=1):
                towerinstruct_template = gr.Button(
                    "Unbabel TowerInstruct", variant="secondary", interactive=False
                )
                gr.Markdown(
                    "Preset for models using the <a href='https://huggingface.co/Unbabel/TowerInstruct-7B-v0.1' target='_blank'>Unbabel TowerInstruct</a> conversational template.\nUses <code><|im_start|></code>, <code><|im_end|></code> special tokens."
                )
        with gr.Row(equal_height=True):
            with gr.Column():
                zephyr_preset = gr.Button("Zephyr Template", variant="secondary", interactive=False)
                gr.Markdown(
                    "Preset for models using the <a href='https://huggingface.co/stabilityai/stablelm-2-zephyr-1_6b' target='_blank'>StableLM 2 Zephyr conversational template</a>.\nUses <code><|system|></code>, <code><|user|></code> and <code><|assistant|></code> special tokens."
                )
            with gr.Column(scale=1):
                gemma_template = gr.Button(
                    "Gemma Chat Template", variant="secondary", interactive=False
                )
                gr.Markdown(
                    "Preset for <a href='https://huggingface.co/google/gemma-2b-it' target='_blank'>Gemma</a> instruction-tuned models."
                )
            with gr.Column(scale=1):
                mistral_instruct_template = gr.Button(
                    "Mistral Instruct", variant="secondary", interactive=False
                )
                gr.Markdown(
                    "Preset for models using the <a href='https://huggingface.co/mistralai/Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.2' target='_blank'>Mistral Instruct template</a>.\nUses <code>[INST]...[/INST]</code> special tokens."
                )         
        gr.Markdown("## ⚙️ PECoRe Parameters")
        with gr.Row(equal_height=True):
            with gr.Column():
                model_name_or_path = gr.Textbox(
                    value="gsarti/cora_mgen",
                    label="Model",
                    info="Hugging Face Hub identifier of the model to analyze with PECoRe.",
                    interactive=True,
                )
                load_model_button = gr.Button(
                    "Load model",
                    variant="secondary",
                )
            context_sensitivity_metric = gr.Dropdown(
                value="kl_divergence",
                label="Context sensitivity metric",
                info="Metric to use to measure context sensitivity of generated tokens.",
                choices=[
                    "probability",
                    "logit",
                    "kl_divergence",
                    "contrast_logits_diff",
                    "contrast_prob_diff",
                    "pcxmi"
                ],
                interactive=True,
            )
            attribution_method = gr.Dropdown(
                value="saliency",
                label="Attribution method",
                info="Attribution method identifier to identify relevant context tokens.",
                choices=[
                    "saliency",
                    "input_x_gradient",
                    "value_zeroing",
                ],
                interactive=True,
            )
            attributed_fn = gr.Dropdown(
                value="contrast_prob_diff",
                label="Attributed function",
                info="Function of model logits to use as target for the attribution method.",
                choices=[
                    "probability",
                    "logit",
                    "contrast_logits_diff",
                    "contrast_prob_diff",
                ],
                interactive=True,
            )
        gr.Markdown("#### Results Selection Parameters")
        with gr.Row(equal_height=True):
            context_sensitivity_std_threshold = gr.Number(
                value=0.0,
                label="Context sensitivity threshold",
                info="Select N to keep context sensitive tokens with scores above N * std. 0 = above mean.",
                precision=1,
                minimum=0.0,
                maximum=5.0,
                step=0.5,
                interactive=True,
            )
            context_sensitivity_topk = gr.Number(
                value=0,
                label="Context sensitivity top-k",
                info="Select N to keep top N context sensitive tokens. 0 = keep all.",
                interactive=True,
                precision=0,
                minimum=0,
                maximum=10,
            )
            attribution_std_threshold = gr.Number(
                value=2.0,
                label="Attribution threshold",
                info="Select N to keep attributed tokens with scores above N * std. 0 = above mean.",
                precision=1,
                minimum=0.0,
                maximum=5.0,
                step=0.5,
                interactive=True,
            )
            attribution_topk = gr.Number(
                value=5,
                label="Attribution top-k",
                info="Select N to keep top N attributed tokens in the context. 0 = keep all.",
                interactive=True,
                precision=0,
                minimum=0,
                maximum=100,
            )

        gr.Markdown("#### Text Format Parameters")
        with gr.Row(equal_height=True):
            input_template = gr.Textbox(
                value="<Q>: {current} <P>: {context}",
                label="Contextual input template",
                info="Template to format the input for the model. Use {current} and {context} placeholders for Input Query and Input Context, respectively.",
                interactive=True,
            )
            output_template = gr.Textbox(
                value="{current}",
                label="Contextual output template",
                info="Template to format the output from the model. Use {current} and {context} placeholders for Generation Output and Generation Context, respectively.",
                interactive=True,
            )
            contextless_input_template = gr.Textbox(
                value="<Q>: {current}",
                label="Contextless input template",
                info="Template to format the input query in the non-contextual setting. Use {current} placeholder for Input Query.",
                interactive=True,
            )
            contextless_output_template = gr.Textbox(
                value="{current}",
                label="Contextless output template",
                info="Template to format the output from the model. Use {current} placeholder for Generation Output.",
                interactive=True,
            )
        with gr.Row(equal_height=True):
            special_tokens_to_keep = gr.Dropdown(
                label="Special tokens to keep",
                info="Special tokens to keep in the attribution. If empty, all special tokens are ignored.",
                value=None,
                multiselect=True,
                allow_custom_value=True,
            )
            decoder_input_output_separator = gr.Textbox(
                label="Decoder input/output separator",
                info="Separator to use between input and output in the decoder input.",
                value="",
                interactive=True,
                lines=1,
            )

        gr.Markdown("## ⚙️ Generation Parameters")
        with gr.Row(equal_height=True):
            with gr.Column(scale=0.5):
                gr.Markdown(
                    "The following arguments can be used to control generation parameters and force specific model outputs."
                )
            with gr.Column(scale=1):
                generation_kwargs = gr.Code(
                    value="{}",
                    language="json",
                    label="Generation kwargs (JSON)",
                    interactive=True,
                    lines=1,
                )
        with gr.Row(equal_height=True):
            output_current_text = gr.Textbox(
                label="Generation output",
                info="Specifies an output to force-decoded during generation. If blank, the model will generate freely.",
                interactive=True,
            )
            output_context_text = gr.Textbox(
                label="Generation context",
                info="If specified, this context is used as starting point for generation. Useful for e.g. chain-of-thought reasoning.",
                interactive=True,
            )
        gr.Markdown("## ⚙️ Other Parameters")
        with gr.Row(equal_height=True):
            with gr.Column():
                gr.Markdown(
                    "The following arguments will be passed to initialize the Hugging Face model and tokenizer, and to the `inseq_model.attribute` method."
                )
            with gr.Column():
                model_kwargs = gr.Code(
                    value="{}",
                    language="json",
                    label="Model kwargs (JSON)",
                    interactive=True,
                    lines=1,
                    min_width=160,
                )
            with gr.Column():
                tokenizer_kwargs = gr.Code(
                    value="{}",
                    language="json",
                    label="Tokenizer kwargs (JSON)",
                    interactive=True,
                    lines=1,
                )
            with gr.Column():
                attribution_kwargs = gr.Code(
                    value='{\n\t"logprob": true\n}',
                    language="json",
                    label="Attribution kwargs (JSON)",
                    interactive=True,
                    lines=1,
                )
    with gr.Tab("🔍 How Does It Work?"):
        gr.Markdown(how_it_works_intro)
        with gr.Row(equal_height=True):
            with gr.Column(scale=0.60):
                gr.Markdown(cti_explanation)
            with gr.Column(scale=0.30):
                gr.HTML('<img src="file/img/cti_white_outline.png" width=100% />')
        with gr.Row(equal_height=True):
            with gr.Column(scale=0.35):
                gr.HTML('<img src="file/img/cci_white_outline.png" width=100% />')
            with gr.Column(scale=0.65):
                gr.Markdown(cci_explanation)
    with gr.Tab("🔧 Usage Guide"):
        gr.Markdown(how_to_use)
        gr.Markdown(example_explanation)
    with gr.Tab("❓ FAQ"):
        gr.Markdown(faq)
    with gr.Tab("📚 Citing PECoRe"):
        gr.Markdown("To refer to the PECoRe framework for context usage detection, cite:")
        gr.Code(pecore_citation, interactive=False, label="PECoRe (Sarti et al., 2024)")
        gr.Markdown("If you use the Inseq implementation of PECoRe (<a href=\"https://inseq.org/en/latest/main_classes/cli.html#attribute-context\"><code>inseq attribute-context</code></a>, including this demo), please also cite:")
        gr.Code(inseq_citation, interactive=False, label="Inseq (Sarti et al., 2023)")
    with gr.Row(elem_classes="footer-container"):
        with gr.Column():
            gr.Markdown(powered_by)
        with gr.Column():
            with gr.Row(elem_classes="footer-custom-block"):
                with gr.Column(scale=0.25, min_width=150):
                    gr.Markdown("""<b>Built by <a href="https://gsarti.com" target="_blank">Gabriele Sarti</a><br> with the support of</b>""")
                with gr.Column(scale=0.25, min_width=120):
                    gr.Markdown("""<a href='https://www.rug.nl/research/clcg/research/cl/' target='_blank'><img src="file/img/rug_logo_white_contour.png" width=170px /></a>""")
                with gr.Column(scale=0.25, min_width=120):
                    gr.Markdown("""<a href='https://projects.illc.uva.nl/indeep/' target='_blank'><img src="file/img/indeep_logo_white_contour.png" width=100px /></a>""")
                with gr.Column(scale=0.25, min_width=120):
                    gr.Markdown("""<a href='https://www.esciencecenter.nl/' target='_blank'><img src="file/img/escience_logo_white_contour.png" width=120px /></a>""")
    with Modal(visible=False) as code_modal:
        gr.Markdown(show_code_modal)
        with gr.Row(equal_height=True):
            with gr.Column(scale=0.5):
                python_code_snippet = gr.Code(
                    value="""Generate Python code snippet by pressing the button.""",
                    language="python",
                    label="Python",
                    interactive=False,
                    show_label=True,
                )
            with gr.Column(scale=0.5):
                shell_code_snippet = gr.Code(
                    value="""Generate Shell code snippet by pressing the button.""",
                    language="shell",
                    label="Shell",
                    interactive=False,
                    show_label=True,
                )

    # Main logic

    load_model_args = [
        model_name_or_path,
        attribution_method,
        model_kwargs,
        tokenizer_kwargs,
    ]

    pecore_args = [
        input_current_text,
        input_context_text,
        output_current_text,
        output_context_text,
        model_name_or_path,
        attribution_method,
        attributed_fn,
        context_sensitivity_metric,
        context_sensitivity_std_threshold,
        context_sensitivity_topk,
        attribution_std_threshold,
        attribution_topk,
        input_template,
        output_template,
        contextless_input_template,
        contextless_output_template,
        special_tokens_to_keep,
        decoder_input_output_separator,
        model_kwargs,
        tokenizer_kwargs,
        generation_kwargs,
        attribution_kwargs,
    ]

    attribute_input_button.click(
        lambda *args: [gr.DownloadButton(visible=False), gr.DownloadButton(visible=False)],
        inputs=[],
        outputs=[download_output_file_button, download_output_html_button],
    ).then(
        pecore,
        inputs=pecore_args,
        outputs=[
            pecore_output_highlights,
            download_output_file_button,
            download_output_html_button,
        ],
    )

    load_model_event = load_model_button.click(
        preload_model,
        inputs=load_model_args,
        outputs=[],
    )

    # Preset params

    check_enable_large_models.input(
        lambda checkbox, *buttons: [gr.Button(interactive=checkbox) for _ in buttons],
        inputs=[check_enable_large_models, zephyr_preset, towerinstruct_template, gemma_template, mistral_instruct_template],
        outputs=[zephyr_preset, towerinstruct_template, gemma_template, mistral_instruct_template],
    )

    outputs_to_reset = [
        model_name_or_path,
        input_template,
        output_template,
        contextless_input_template,
        contextless_output_template,
        special_tokens_to_keep,
        decoder_input_output_separator,
        model_kwargs,
        tokenizer_kwargs,
        generation_kwargs,
        attribution_kwargs,
    ]
    reset_kwargs = {
        "fn": set_default_preset,
        "inputs": None,
        "outputs": outputs_to_reset,
    }

    # Presets

    default_preset.click(**reset_kwargs).success(preload_model, inputs=load_model_args, cancels=load_model_event)

    cora_preset.click(**reset_kwargs).then(
        set_cora_preset,
        outputs=[model_name_or_path, input_template, contextless_input_template],
    ).success(preload_model, inputs=load_model_args, cancels=load_model_event)

    zephyr_preset.click(**reset_kwargs).then(
        set_zephyr_preset,
        outputs=[
            model_name_or_path,
            input_template,
            contextless_input_template,
            special_tokens_to_keep,
            generation_kwargs,
        ],
    ).success(preload_model, inputs=load_model_args, cancels=load_model_event)

    mbart_mmt_template.click(**reset_kwargs).then(
        set_mbart_mmt_preset,
        outputs=[model_name_or_path, input_template, output_template, tokenizer_kwargs],
    ).success(preload_model, inputs=load_model_args, cancels=load_model_event)

    nllb_mmt_template.click(**reset_kwargs).then(
        set_nllb_mmt_preset,
        outputs=[model_name_or_path, input_template, output_template, tokenizer_kwargs],
    ).success(preload_model, inputs=load_model_args, cancels=load_model_event)

    chatml_template.click(**reset_kwargs).then(
        set_chatml_preset,
        outputs=[
            model_name_or_path,
            input_template,
            contextless_input_template,
            special_tokens_to_keep,
            generation_kwargs,
        ],
    ).success(preload_model, inputs=load_model_args, cancels=load_model_event)

    towerinstruct_template.click(**reset_kwargs).then(
        set_towerinstruct_preset,
        outputs=[
            model_name_or_path,
            input_template,
            contextless_input_template,
            special_tokens_to_keep,
            generation_kwargs,
        ],
    ).success(preload_model, inputs=load_model_args, cancels=load_model_event)

    gemma_template.click(**reset_kwargs).then(
        set_gemma_preset,
        outputs=[
            model_name_or_path,
            input_template,
            contextless_input_template,
            special_tokens_to_keep,
            generation_kwargs,
        ],
    ).success(preload_model, inputs=load_model_args, cancels=load_model_event)

    mistral_instruct_template.click(**reset_kwargs).then(
        set_mistral_instruct_preset,
        outputs=[
            model_name_or_path,
            input_template,
            contextless_input_template,
            generation_kwargs,
        ],
    ).success(preload_model, inputs=load_model_args, cancels=load_model_event)

    show_code_btn.click(
        update_code_snippets_fn,
        inputs=pecore_args,
        outputs=[python_code_snippet, shell_code_snippet],
    ).then(lambda: Modal(visible=True), None, code_modal)

demo.queue(api_open=False, max_size=20).launch(allowed_paths=["outputs/", "img/"], show_api=False)