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--- |
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tags: |
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- spacy |
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- token-classification |
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language: |
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- da |
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license: Apache-2.0-License |
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model-index: |
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- name: da_dacy_small_trf |
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results: |
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- task: |
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name: NER |
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type: token-classification |
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metrics: |
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- name: NER Precision |
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type: precision |
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value: 0.81724846 |
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- name: NER Recall |
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type: recall |
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value: 0.8291666667 |
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- name: NER F Score |
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type: f_score |
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value: 0.8231644261 |
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- task: |
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name: SENTER |
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type: token-classification |
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metrics: |
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- name: SENTER Precision |
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type: precision |
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value: 0.8603839442 |
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- name: SENTER Recall |
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type: recall |
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value: 0.8741134752 |
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- name: SENTER F Score |
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type: f_score |
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value: 0.8671943712 |
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- task: |
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name: UNLABELED_DEPENDENCIES |
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type: token-classification |
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metrics: |
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- name: Unlabeled Dependencies Accuracy |
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type: accuracy |
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value: 0.8492442546 |
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- task: |
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name: LABELED_DEPENDENCIES |
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type: token-classification |
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metrics: |
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- name: Labeled Dependencies Accuracy |
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type: accuracy |
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value: 0.8492442546 |
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--- |
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<a href="https://github.com/centre-for-humanities-computing/Dacy"><img src="https://centre-for-humanities-computing.github.io/DaCy/_static/icon.png" width="175" height="175" align="right" /></a> |
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# DaCy small transformer |
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DaCy is a Danish language processing framework with state-of-the-art pipelines as well as functionality for analysing Danish pipelines. |
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DaCy's largest pipeline has achieved State-of-the-Art performance on Named entity recognition, part-of-speech tagging and dependency |
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parsing for Danish on the DaNE dataset. Check out the [DaCy repository](https://github.com/centre-for-humanities-computing/DaCy) for material on how to use DaCy and reproduce the results. |
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DaCy also contains guides on usage of the package as well as behavioural test for biases and robustness of Danish NLP pipelines. |
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| Feature | Description | |
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| --- | --- | |
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| **Name** | `da_dacy_small_trf` | |
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| **Version** | `0.1.0` | |
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| **spaCy** | `>=3.1.1,<3.2.0` | |
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| **Default Pipeline** | `transformer`, `morphologizer`, `parser`, `attribute_ruler`, `lemmatizer`, `ner` | |
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| **Components** | `transformer`, `morphologizer`, `parser`, `attribute_ruler`, `lemmatizer`, `ner` | |
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| **Vectors** | 0 keys, 0 unique vectors (0 dimensions) | |
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| **Sources** | [UD Danish DDT v2.5](https://github.com/UniversalDependencies/UD_Danish-DDT) (Johannsen, Anders; Martínez Alonso, Héctor; Plank, Barbara)<br />[DaNE](https://github.com/alexandrainst/danlp/blob/master/docs/datasets.md#danish-dependency-treebank-dane) (Rasmus Hvingelby, Amalie B. Pauli, Maria Barrett, Christina Rosted, Lasse M. Lidegaard, Anders Søgaard)<br />[Maltehb/-l-ctra-danish-electra-small-cased](https://huggingface.co/Maltehb/-l-ctra-danish-electra-small-cased) (Malte Højmark-Bertelsen) | |
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| **License** | `Apache-2.0 License` | |
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| **Author** | [Centre for Humanities Computing Aarhus](https://chcaa.io/#/) | |
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### Label Scheme |
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<details> |
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<summary>View label scheme (192 labels for 3 components)</summary> |
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| Component | Labels | |
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| --- | --- | |
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| **`morphologizer`** | `AdpType=Prep\|POS=ADP`, `Definite=Ind\|Gender=Com\|Number=Sing\|POS=NOUN`, `Mood=Ind\|POS=AUX\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act`, `POS=PROPN`, `Definite=Ind\|Number=Sing\|POS=VERB\|Tense=Past\|VerbForm=Part`, `Definite=Def\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|POS=NOUN`, `POS=SCONJ`, `Definite=Def\|Gender=Com\|Number=Sing\|POS=NOUN`, `Mood=Ind\|POS=VERB\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act`, `POS=ADV`, `Number=Plur\|POS=DET\|PronType=Dem`, `Degree=Pos\|Number=Plur\|POS=ADJ`, `Definite=Ind\|Gender=Com\|Number=Plur\|POS=NOUN`, `POS=PUNCT`, `POS=CCONJ`, `Definite=Ind\|Degree=Cmp\|Number=Sing\|POS=ADJ`, `Degree=Cmp\|POS=ADJ`, `POS=PRON\|PartType=Inf`, `Gender=Com\|Number=Sing\|POS=DET\|PronType=Ind`, `Definite=Ind\|Degree=Pos\|Number=Sing\|POS=ADJ`, `Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|POS=PRON\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs`, `Definite=Ind\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|POS=NOUN`, `Definite=Def\|Degree=Pos\|Number=Sing\|POS=ADJ`, `Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|POS=DET\|PronType=Dem`, `Degree=Pos\|POS=ADV`, `Definite=Def\|Number=Sing\|POS=VERB\|Tense=Past\|VerbForm=Part`, `Definite=Ind\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|POS=NOUN`, `POS=PRON\|PronType=Dem`, `NumType=Card\|POS=NUM`, `Definite=Ind\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|POS=ADJ`, `Case=Acc\|Gender=Com\|Number=Sing\|POS=PRON\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs`, `Degree=Pos\|Gender=Com\|Number=Sing\|POS=ADJ`, `Case=Nom\|Gender=Com\|Number=Sing\|POS=PRON\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs`, `NumType=Ord\|POS=ADJ`, `Gender=Com\|Number=Sing\|Number[psor]=Sing\|POS=DET\|Person=3\|Poss=Yes\|PronType=Prs\|Reflex=Yes`, `Mood=Ind\|POS=AUX\|Tense=Past\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act`, `POS=VERB\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act`, `Mood=Ind\|POS=VERB\|Tense=Past\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act`, `POS=NOUN`, `Mood=Ind\|POS=VERB\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Pass`, `POS=ADP\|PartType=Inf`, `Degree=Pos\|POS=ADJ`, `Definite=Def\|Gender=Com\|Number=Plur\|POS=NOUN`, `Number[psor]=Sing\|POS=DET\|Person=3\|Poss=Yes\|PronType=Prs`, `Case=Gen\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Com\|Number=Sing\|POS=NOUN`, `POS=AUX\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act`, `Definite=Ind\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Com\|Number=Sing\|POS=ADJ`, `Gender=Com\|Number=Sing\|POS=DET\|PronType=Dem`, `Number=Plur\|POS=DET\|PronType=Ind`, `Gender=Com\|Number=Sing\|POS=PRON\|PronType=Ind`, `Case=Acc\|POS=PRON\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs\|Reflex=Yes`, `POS=PART\|PartType=Inf`, `Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|POS=DET\|PronType=Ind`, `Case=Acc\|Number=Plur\|POS=PRON\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs`, `Case=Gen\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|POS=NOUN`, `Case=Nom\|Number=Plur\|POS=PRON\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs`, `Case=Nom\|Gender=Com\|Number=Sing\|POS=PRON\|Person=1\|PronType=Prs`, `Case=Nom\|Gender=Com\|POS=PRON\|PronType=Ind`, `Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|POS=PRON\|PronType=Ind`, `Mood=Imp\|POS=VERB`, `Gender=Com\|Number=Sing\|Number[psor]=Sing\|POS=DET\|Person=1\|Poss=Yes\|PronType=Prs`, `Definite=Ind\|Number=Sing\|POS=AUX\|Tense=Past\|VerbForm=Part`, `POS=X`, `Case=Nom\|Gender=Com\|Number=Plur\|POS=PRON\|Person=1\|PronType=Prs`, `Case=Gen\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Com\|Number=Plur\|POS=NOUN`, `POS=VERB\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part`, `Number=Plur\|POS=PRON\|PronType=Int,Rel`, `POS=VERB\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Pass`, `Case=Gen\|Definite=Ind\|Gender=Com\|Number=Sing\|POS=NOUN`, `Degree=Cmp\|POS=ADV`, `POS=ADV\|PartType=Inf`, `Degree=Sup\|POS=ADV`, `Number=Plur\|POS=PRON\|PronType=Dem`, `Number=Plur\|POS=PRON\|PronType=Ind`, `Definite=Def\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|POS=NOUN`, `Case=Acc\|Gender=Com\|Number=Sing\|POS=PRON\|Person=1\|PronType=Prs`, `Case=Gen\|POS=PROPN`, `POS=ADP`, `Degree=Cmp\|Number=Plur\|POS=ADJ`, `Definite=Def\|Degree=Sup\|POS=ADJ`, `Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|Number[psor]=Sing\|POS=DET\|Person=1\|Poss=Yes\|PronType=Prs`, `Degree=Pos\|Number=Sing\|POS=ADJ`, `Number=Plur\|Number[psor]=Sing\|POS=DET\|Person=3\|Poss=Yes\|PronType=Prs\|Reflex=Yes`, `Gender=Com\|Number=Sing\|Number[psor]=Plur\|POS=DET\|Person=1\|Poss=Yes\|PronType=Prs\|Style=Form`, `Number=Plur\|POS=PRON\|PronType=Rcp`, `Case=Gen\|Degree=Cmp\|POS=ADJ`, `Case=Gen\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|POS=NOUN`, `Number[psor]=Plur\|POS=DET\|Person=3\|Poss=Yes\|PronType=Prs`, `POS=INTJ`, `Number=Plur\|Number[psor]=Sing\|POS=DET\|Person=1\|Poss=Yes\|PronType=Prs`, `Degree=Pos\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|POS=ADJ`, `Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|Number[psor]=Plur\|POS=DET\|Person=1\|Poss=Yes\|PronType=Prs\|Style=Form`, `Case=Acc\|Gender=Com\|Number=Sing\|POS=PRON\|Person=2\|PronType=Prs`, `Gender=Com\|Number=Sing\|Number[psor]=Sing\|POS=DET\|Person=2\|Poss=Yes\|PronType=Prs`, `Case=Gen\|Definite=Ind\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|POS=NOUN`, `Number=Sing\|POS=PRON\|PronType=Int,Rel`, `Number=Plur\|Number[psor]=Plur\|POS=DET\|Person=1\|Poss=Yes\|PronType=Prs\|Style=Form`, `Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|POS=PRON\|PronType=Int,Rel`, `Definite=Def\|Degree=Sup\|Number=Plur\|POS=ADJ`, `Case=Nom\|Gender=Com\|Number=Sing\|POS=PRON\|Person=2\|PronType=Prs`, `Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|Number[psor]=Sing\|POS=DET\|Person=3\|Poss=Yes\|PronType=Prs\|Reflex=Yes`, `Definite=Ind\|Number=Sing\|POS=NOUN`, `Number=Plur\|POS=VERB\|Tense=Past\|VerbForm=Part`, `Number=Plur\|Number[psor]=Sing\|POS=PRON\|Person=3\|Poss=Yes\|PronType=Prs\|Reflex=Yes`, `POS=SYM`, `Case=Nom\|Gender=Com\|POS=PRON\|Person=2\|Polite=Form\|PronType=Prs`, `Degree=Sup\|POS=ADJ`, `Number=Plur\|POS=DET\|PronType=Ind\|Style=Arch`, `Case=Gen\|Gender=Com\|Number=Sing\|POS=DET\|PronType=Dem`, `Foreign=Yes\|POS=X`, `POS=DET\|Person=2\|Polite=Form\|Poss=Yes\|PronType=Prs`, `Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|POS=PRON\|PronType=Dem`, `Case=Acc\|Gender=Com\|Number=Plur\|POS=PRON\|Person=1\|PronType=Prs`, `Case=Gen\|Definite=Ind\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|POS=NOUN`, `Case=Gen\|POS=PRON\|PronType=Int,Rel`, `Gender=Com\|Number=Sing\|POS=PRON\|PronType=Dem`, `Abbr=Yes\|POS=X`, `Case=Gen\|Definite=Ind\|Gender=Com\|Number=Plur\|POS=NOUN`, `Definite=Def\|Degree=Abs\|POS=ADJ`, `Definite=Ind\|Degree=Sup\|Number=Sing\|POS=ADJ`, `Definite=Ind\|POS=NOUN`, `Gender=Com\|Number=Plur\|POS=NOUN`, `Number[psor]=Plur\|POS=DET\|Person=1\|Poss=Yes\|PronType=Prs`, `Gender=Com\|POS=PRON\|PronType=Int,Rel`, `Case=Nom\|Gender=Com\|Number=Plur\|POS=PRON\|Person=2\|PronType=Prs`, `Degree=Abs\|POS=ADV`, `POS=VERB\|VerbForm=Ger`, `POS=VERB\|Tense=Past\|VerbForm=Part`, `Definite=Def\|Degree=Sup\|Number=Sing\|POS=ADJ`, `Number=Plur\|Number[psor]=Plur\|POS=PRON\|Person=1\|Poss=Yes\|PronType=Prs\|Style=Form`, `Case=Gen\|Definite=Def\|Degree=Pos\|Number=Sing\|POS=ADJ`, `Case=Gen\|Degree=Pos\|Number=Plur\|POS=ADJ`, `Case=Acc\|Gender=Com\|POS=PRON\|Person=2\|Polite=Form\|PronType=Prs`, `Gender=Com\|Number=Sing\|POS=PRON\|PronType=Int,Rel`, `POS=VERB\|Tense=Pres`, `Case=Gen\|Number=Plur\|POS=DET\|PronType=Ind`, `Number[psor]=Plur\|POS=DET\|Person=2\|Poss=Yes\|PronType=Prs`, `POS=PRON\|Person=2\|Polite=Form\|Poss=Yes\|PronType=Prs`, `Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|Number[psor]=Sing\|POS=DET\|Person=2\|Poss=Yes\|PronType=Prs`, `POS=AUX\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part`, `Mood=Ind\|POS=VERB\|Tense=Past\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Pass`, `Gender=Com\|Number=Sing\|Number[psor]=Sing\|POS=PRON\|Person=3\|Poss=Yes\|PronType=Prs\|Reflex=Yes`, `Degree=Sup\|Number=Plur\|POS=ADJ`, `Case=Acc\|Gender=Com\|Number=Plur\|POS=PRON\|Person=2\|PronType=Prs`, `Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|Number[psor]=Sing\|POS=PRON\|Person=3\|Poss=Yes\|PronType=Prs\|Reflex=Yes`, `Definite=Ind\|Number=Plur\|POS=NOUN`, `Case=Gen\|Number=Plur\|POS=VERB\|Tense=Past\|VerbForm=Part`, `Mood=Imp\|POS=AUX`, `Gender=Com\|Number=Sing\|Number[psor]=Sing\|POS=PRON\|Person=1\|Poss=Yes\|PronType=Prs`, `Number[psor]=Sing\|POS=PRON\|Person=3\|Poss=Yes\|PronType=Prs`, `Definite=Def\|Gender=Com\|Number=Sing\|POS=VERB\|Tense=Past\|VerbForm=Part`, `Number=Plur\|Number[psor]=Sing\|POS=DET\|Person=2\|Poss=Yes\|PronType=Prs`, `Case=Gen\|Gender=Com\|Number=Sing\|POS=DET\|PronType=Ind`, `Case=Gen\|POS=NOUN`, `Number[psor]=Plur\|POS=PRON\|Person=3\|Poss=Yes\|PronType=Prs`, `POS=DET\|PronType=Dem`, `Definite=Def\|Number=Plur\|POS=NOUN` | |
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| **`parser`** | `ROOT`, `acl:relcl`, `advcl`, `advmod`, `amod`, `appos`, `aux`, `case`, `cc`, `ccomp`, `compound:prt`, `conj`, `cop`, `dep`, `det`, `expl`, `fixed`, `flat`, `iobj`, `list`, `mark`, `nmod`, `nmod:poss`, `nsubj`, `nummod`, `obj`, `obl`, `obl:loc`, `obl:tmod`, `punct`, `xcomp` | |
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| **`ner`** | `LOC`, `MISC`, `ORG`, `PER` | |
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</details> |
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### Accuracy |
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| Type | Score | |
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| `POS_ACC` | 95.83 | |
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| `MORPH_ACC` | 95.70 | |
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| `DEP_UAS` | 84.92 | |
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| `DEP_LAS` | 81.76 | |
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| `SENTS_P` | 86.04 | |
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| `SENTS_R` | 87.41 | |
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| `SENTS_F` | 86.72 | |
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| `LEMMA_ACC` | 84.91 | |
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| `ENTS_F` | 82.32 | |
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| `ENTS_P` | 81.72 | |
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| `ENTS_R` | 82.92 | |
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| `TRANSFORMER_LOSS` | 41746686.63 | |
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| `MORPHOLOGIZER_LOSS` | 3458966.49 | |
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| `PARSER_LOSS` | 15104898.38 | |
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| `NER_LOSS` | 546098.45 | |
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## Bias and Robustness |
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Besides the validation done by SpaCy on the DaNE testset, DaCy also provides a series of augmentations to the DaNE test set to see how well the models deal with these types of augmentations. |
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The can be seen as behavioural probes akinn to the NLP checklist. |
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### Deterministic Augmentations |
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Deterministic augmentations are augmentation which always yield the same result. |
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| Augmentation | Part-of-speech tagging (Accuracy) | Morphological tagging (Accuracy) | Dependency Parsing (UAS) | Dependency Parsing (LAS) | Sentence segmentation (F1) | Lemmatization (Accuracy) | Named entity recognition (F1) | |
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| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | |
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| No augmentation | 0.98 | 0.974 | 0.868 | 0.836 | 0.936 | 0.844 | 0.765 | |
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| Æøå Augmentation | 0.955 | 0.948 | 0.823 | 0.783 | 0.922 | 0.754 | 0.718 | |
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| Lowercase | 0.974 | 0.97 | 0.862 | 0.828 | 0.905 | 0.848 | 0.681 | |
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| No Spacing | 0.229 | 0.229 | 0.004 | 0.003 | 0.824 | 0.225 | 0.048 | |
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| Abbreviated first names | 0.979 | 0.973 | 0.864 | 0.832 | 0.94 | 0.845 | 0.699 | |
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| Input size augmentation 5 sentences | 0.956 | 0.956 | 0.851 | 0.818 | 0.883 | 0.844 | 0.743 | |
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| Input size augmentation 10 sentences | 0.959 | 0.958 | 0.853 | 0.821 | 0.897 | 0.844 | 0.755 | |
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### Stochastic Augmentations |
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Stochastic augmentations are augmentation which are repeated mulitple times to estimate the effect of the augmentation. |
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| Augmentation | Part-of-speech tagging (Accuracy) | Morphological tagging (Accuracy) | Dependency Parsing (UAS) | Dependency Parsing (LAS) | Sentence segmentation (F1) | Lemmatization (Accuracy) | Named entity recognition (F1) | |
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| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | |
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| Keystroke errors 2% | 0.931 (0.003) | 0.929 (0.003) | 0.797 (0.003) | 0.753 (0.003) | 0.884 (0.003) | 0.772 (0.003) | 0.657 (0.003) | |
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| Keystroke errors 5% | 0.859 (0.003) | 0.863 (0.003) | 0.699 (0.003) | 0.641 (0.003) | 0.824 (0.003) | 0.681 (0.003) | 0.53 (0.003) | |
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| Keystroke errors 15% | 0.633 (0.006) | 0.662 (0.006) | 0.439 (0.006) | 0.358 (0.006) | 0.688 (0.006) | 0.459 (0.006) | 0.293 (0.006) | |
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| Danish names | 0.979 (0.0) | 0.974 (0.0) | 0.867 (0.0) | 0.835 (0.0) | 0.943 (0.0) | 0.847 (0.0) | 0.748 (0.0) | |
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| Muslim names | 0.979 (0.0) | 0.974 (0.0) | 0.865 (0.0) | 0.833 (0.0) | 0.94 (0.0) | 0.847 (0.0) | 0.732 (0.0) | |
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| Female names | 0.979 (0.0) | 0.974 (0.0) | 0.867 (0.0) | 0.835 (0.0) | 0.946 (0.0) | 0.847 (0.0) | 0.754 (0.0) | |
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| Male names | 0.979 (0.0) | 0.974 (0.0) | 0.867 (0.0) | 0.835 (0.0) | 0.943 (0.0) | 0.847 (0.0) | 0.748 (0.0) | |
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| Spacing Augmention 5% | 0.941 (0.002) | 0.936 (0.002) | 0.755 (0.002) | 0.725 (0.002) | 0.907 (0.002) | 0.811 (0.002) | 0.699 (0.002) | |
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<details> |
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<summary> Description of Augmenters </summary> |
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**No augmentation:** |
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Applies no augmentation to the DaNE test set. |
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**Æøå Augmentation:** |
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This augmentation replace the æ,ø, and å with their spelling variations ae, oe and aa respectively. |
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**Lowercase:** |
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This augmentation lowercases all text. |
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**No Spacing:** |
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This augmentation removed all spacing from the text. |
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**Abbreviated first names:** |
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This agmentation abbreviates the first names of entities. For instance 'Kenneth Enevoldsen' would turn to 'K. Enevoldsen'. |
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**Keystroke errors 2%:** |
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This agmentation simulate keystroke errors by replacing 2% of keys with a neighbouring key on a Danish QWERTY keyboard. As this agmentation is stochastic it is repeated 20 times to obtain a consistent estimate and the mean is provided with its standard deviation in parenthesis. |
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**Keystroke errors 5%:** |
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This agmentation simulate keystroke errors by replacing 5% of keys with a neighbouring key on a Danish QWERTY keyboard. As this agmentation is stochastic it is repeated 20 times to obtain a consistent estimate and the mean is provided with its standard deviation in parenthesis. |
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**Keystroke errors 15%:** |
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This agmentation simulate keystroke errors by replacing 15% of keys with a neighbouring key on a Danish QWERTY keyboard. As this agmentation is stochastic it is repeated 20 times to obtain a consistent estimate and the mean is provided with its standard deviation in parenthesis. |
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**Danish names:** |
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This agmentation replace all names with Danish names derived from Danmarks Statistik (2021). As this agmentation is stochastic it is repeated 20 times to obtain a consistent estimate and the mean is provided with its standard deviation in parenthesis. |
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**Muslim names:** |
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This agmentation replace all names with Muslim names derived from Meldgaard (2005). As this agmentation is stochastic it is repeated 20 times to obtain a consistent estimate and the mean is provided with its standard deviation in parenthesis. |
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**Female names:** |
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This agmentation replace all names with Danish female names derived from Danmarks Statistik (2021). As this agmentation is stochastic it is repeated 20 times to obtain a consistent estimate and the mean is provided with its standard deviation in parenthesis. |
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**Male names:** |
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This agmentation replace all names with Danish male names derived from Danmarks Statistik (2021). As this agmentation is stochastic it is repeated 20 times to obtain a consistent estimate and the mean is provided with its standard deviation in parenthesis. |
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**Spacing Augmention 5%:** |
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This agmentation replace all names with Danish male names derived from Danmarks Statistik (2021). As this agmentation is stochastic it is repeated 20 times to obtain a consistent estimate and the mean is provided with its standard deviation in parenthesis. |
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</details> |
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<br /> |
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### Hardware |
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This was run an trained on a Quadro RTX 8000 GPU. |
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