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1 | QPOs in 4U 1626-67 | J. Kommers (MIT), D. Chakrabarty (MIT), W. H. G. Lewin (MIT) | The low-mass X-ray binary pulsar 4U 1626-67 shows quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) with a centroid frequency of 0.048 Hz and red noise variability as well as coherent pulsations at the 0.130 Hz neutron star rotation frequency. In power density spectra of observations made with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer, we have found significant sidebands at the frequencies (n*f_0 - f_qpo) and (n*f_0 + f_qpo), where f_0 = 0.130 Hz is the pulsar spin frequency, f_qpo = 0.048 Hz is the QPO frequency, and n = 1,2,3... is an integer. These sidebands provide a diagnostic of the QPO mechanism.
In the 17-30 keV range the powers in the sidebands are symmetric about the harmonic frequencies. This suggests that the instantaneous amplitude of the coherent pulsations is modulated by the QPOs. This phenomenon is expected (for example) in models such as the magnetospheric beat frequency model (MBFM) where the QPOs originate near the polar caps of the neutron star, since any variation in the X-ray emission from the polar caps will affect the intensity of the coherent pulsations.
In the 4-8 keV range, however, the lower-frequency sidebands (at n*f_0 - f_qpo) are significantly stronger than their higher-frequency complements (at n*f_0 + f_qpo). Since simple amplitude modulation produces side bands with equal powers, there must be an additional oscillation at the frequencies (n*f_0 - f_qpo) that produces the excess power observed in the enhanced lower-frequency sidebands. In the MBFM there is nothing obvious that would explain the enhanced lower-frequency sidebands. Thus the observed sideband structure is inconsistent with the MBFM being the explanation for the 0.048 Hz QPOs.
A scenario that explains the 0.048 Hz QPOs as well as the observed sideband structure is the following. Suppose a coherent structure (a "blob" of some kind) orbits the neutron star with an orbital frequency of 0.048 Hz, which may or may not be a Keplerian frequency (e.g., it may represent a wave packet traveling in the accretion disk). This blob modulates the optical depth along the line of sight as it orbits, producing the 0.048 Hz QPOs. When it crosses the line of sight between the Earth and the neutron star, it attenuates the pulsar beam; this modulates the coherent pulsations at 0.048 Hz and produces the symmetric sidebands. The blob orbits in the same direction as the neutron star rotation, so it reprocesses the pulsar beam at the beat frequencies between the pulsar harmonics and the QPOs (n*f_0 - f_qpo). Some of the reprocessed X-rays are returned along the line of sight, producing the enhanced lower-frequency side bands.
Quite independently, we find no evidence that the red noise variability modulates the amplitude of the coherent pulsations. This is also in contrast to the expectations of the MBFM and differs from the behavior in some high-mass X-ray binary pulsars.
More information can be found in our manuscript (in preparation), available as a PostScript file at the URL associated with this telegram. | 1997-12-18 01:28:00 | optical,x-ray,binary,neutron star,pulsar,star | 1997-12-18 | 01:28:00 | 3,014 | [
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2 | GB971227 | R. Rutledge | The following message was emailed to me this evening by Walter Lewin at MIT. - -------------------------------------------------------------- A GRB (GB971227, Bacodine trigger 6546) has been detected by BeppoSAX GRBM and WFC at 8:23:06 UT.
Coordinates from WFC are: RA(2000)=194.373 Dec(2000)=59.27 The event was detected when the satellite was in a not optimal attitude configuration, with an estimated error radius of about 10'.
Luigi Piro on behalf of the BeppoSAX team #----------------------------------#------------------------------------------# Luigi Piro | E-mail: Istituto Astrofisica Spaziale | piro@alpha1.ias.rm.cnr.it C.N.R. | SAX program: saxsci@alpha1.ias.rm.cnr.it Via Fosso del Cavaliere | phone: -39-6-4993-4007 I-00133 Roma | phone BeppoSAX center: -39-6-4079-6393 Italy | fax(CNR) : -39-6-20660188 #__________________________________#___________________________________________# | 1997-12-28 12:43:00 | gamma ray,gamma-ray burst | 1997-12-28 | 12:43:00 | 901 | [
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] | 1 |
3 | Improved Coordinates for GB971227 | R. Rutledge | In addendum of ATEL #2: Additional Information forwarded by Walter Lewin, providing improved coordinates for the Gamma Ray Burst 971227 - ---------------------------------------------------------------
Slightly improved coordinates of GB971227 from BeppoSAX WFC are RA(2000)=194.395 Decl(2000)=59.256 i.e. only 1.4' far from the previous ones. Error radius is 8'.
Further improvements may be available in a day or so from the result of the follow up observation with the NFI of BeppoSAX, that is currently on going.
Luigi Piro
Mission Scientist on behalf of the BeppoSAX Team
#----------------------------------#------------------------------------------# Luigi Piro | E-mail: Istituto Astrofisica Spaziale | piro@alpha1.ias.rm.cnr.it C.N.R. | SAX program: saxsci@alpha1.ias.rm.cnr.it Via Fosso del Cavaliere | phone: -39-6-4993-4007 I-00133 Roma | phone BeppoSAX center: -39-6-4079-6393 Italy | fax(CNR) : -39-6-20660188 #__________________________________#___________________________________________# | 1997-12-28 14:52:00 | gamma ray,gamma-ray burst | 1997-12-28 | 14:52:00 | 1,007 | [
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] | 2 |
4 | The Probable Connection Between Relativistic Shock Acceleration and Gamma Ray Bursts | R. Lieu (Department of Physics, University of Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899) | The recent detection of delayed Gamma ray burst (GRB) afterglows at longer wavelengths (van Paradijs et al 1997, Piro et al 1997, Bond 1997, Frail and Kulkarni 1997, Halpern et al 1997) supports strongly the notion that GRBs are produced at relativistic cosmological shocks (Pacynski 1986, Goodman 1986, Rees and Meszaros 1992). The current understanding is that these shocks are ultra-relativistic, with an upstream Lorentz factor Gamma ~300, and radiate the gamma rays as the shock accelerated electrons emit by the synchrotron or inverse-Compton process (Waxman 1997).
A non-thermal origin of the GRB requires acceleration of electrons to energies comparable to those of the UHE cosmic rays. As already pointed out by Vietri (1995 and 1997), it is well known that diffusive acceleration at non-relativistic shocks is not rapid enough to produce such particles, which are at the top end of the cosmic ray spectrum (i.e. ~10^{20} eV). This same author also correctly noted that an earlier paper (Quenby and Lieu 1989) recognized for the first time an enhancement in the acceleration rate when a shock becomes relativistic. The effect, which may either be viewed in terms of a higher rate or a shorter time to reach a given particle energy when compared with conventional shocks, scales as Gamma^2, meaning that for Gamma ~300 acceleration can in principle be ~10^5 times faster. The production of gamma rays and UHE cosmic rays can therefore be achieved simultaneously at the sites of GRBs.
The original application of Quenby and Lieu (1989) was to termination shocks in AGN jets, and the value of Gamma assumed in that paper was ~3. Obviously since the Lorentz boosting scales as Gamma^2 the effect is far more important in GRBs. It is entirely reasonable to expect such a powerful mechanism to dominate other acceleration/energization process, and to easily overcome any complicating factors. For example, while our result was obtained assuming a parallel shock, the presence of a shock obliquity (i.e. a finite angle between the upstream flow vector and the upstream magnetic field) does not affect the basic physics (Lieu et al 1992). Even in the case of a perpendicular shock where the problem of returning particles upstream is most acute, the dense environment of the expanding GRB shells ensures sufficient turbulence to confine particles to within the shock vicinity by scattering.
I conclude with a simple heuristic way of appreciating why relativistic shocks are such efficient accelerators by drawing an analogy with the inverse Compton process. The upstream cosmic ray particles are likened to the laboratory photons, while scatterers downstream of a relativistic shock are likened to the fast electrons. An elastic collision in the frame of a scatterer returns a quantum to the original (laboratory) frame with an energy gain of Gamma^2. This is especially so for relativistic shocks, where anisotropies in the particle distributions favor backward scattering events. Acceleration in this kind of environment are more appropriately classified as a zeroth-order Fermi process.
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] | 3 |
5 | GRB 971214 | S. R. Kulkarni, A. N. Ramaprakash, J. Bloom, S. Djorgovski, Caltech; R. Goodrich, Keck Observatory/CARA and D. Frail, VLA/NRAO report on behalf of the Caltech GRB effort | The optical transient (IAUC # 6788 ) of GRB 971214 (IAUC # 6787 ; IAUC # 6792 ) was observed by J. Aycock using the LRIS instrument on Keck II. The observations were conducted between 1400--1600 UT of January 10, 1998 and images were obtained in the R band. The seeing was consistently 0.86 arcsec and 12 frames each of five minute duration were obtained. A source is clearly detected at the position of the OT. This source is fainter by 5.5 +/- 0.17 mag compared to object 2 of Henden et al. (GCN note [#016] of Dec 24, 1997). We measured pixel offsets between this source and object 2 and compared to similar offsets in the LRIS I-band image of Dec 15.47 1997 UT (see GCN note of Dec 17, 1997). The offsets match to better than 0.15 arcsec in each axis.
A power law fit to the I-band data of Halpern et al. (IAUC # 6788 ) and our LRIS I-band data of Dec 16.52 and Dec 17.45 UT predict an I-band magnitude between 26.2 and 27.0 on January 10, 1998. The uncertainty represents maximum errors in the extrapolation. Diercks et al. (IAUC # 6791 ) note that the OT had R-I=1.0+/-0.4 on Dec 15.5 1997 UT. The subsequent two R band measurements (IAUC # 6791 ) appear to track the I-band points (to within errors). Thus, if there is no color evolution in the OT then the predicted R band magnitude on 10 January 1998 UT is between 27.2 and 28.0 mag with an offset uncertainty of 0.4 mag. We conclude that either the OT has stopped its power law decay or more likely the host of the OT has an R magnitude of 25.6 mag. | 1998-01-13 05:31:00 | optical,gamma ray,gamma-ray burst,transient | 1998-01-13 | 05:31:00 | 1,510 | [
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6 | GRB980109 | Andrzej Udalski and Martin Kubiak, Warsaw University Observatory, on behalf of the OGLE collaboration | GRB980109 field was observed by the OGLE collaboration with the 1.3-m Warsaw telescope at the Las Campanas Observatory, Chile on Jan. 10.06, 10.18, 11.05, 12.05 and 16.05, 1998. Ten 900 sec I-band exposures were collected. The field size was 14.2 by 14.2 arcmins covering almost entire error box. None fading or variable stellar-like object was detected up to detection limit of I ~ 21 mag and variability threshold of 0.4 mag. | 1998-01-18 09:48:00 | optical,gamma ray,gamma-ray burst,variables | 1998-01-18 | 09:48:00 | 427 | [
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] | 5 |
7 | GRB 971214 | S. R. Kulkarni, K. L. Adelberger, J. S. Bloom, T. Kundic, L. Lubin, (California Institute of Technology) | On December 28, 1997, Kundic and Lubin obtained spectra of the optical transient of GRB 971214 (IAUC # 6788 ) with the Low Resolution Imaging Spectrograph (LRIS) mounted on the Keck II telescope. The seeing conditions were excellent. If the transient continued the power-law decay as indicated by the data from Halpern et al. (IAUC # 6788 ) then by this epoch the light at this position should be dominated by the host (cf. Kulkarni et al. GCN #27; ATEL #5). Analysis of these spectra show a slightly extended emission feature at 5384 A. Additionally, a broad absorption feature is seen at 5752 A. We cannot at this time make a definitive statement about the redshift of the host. If, the emission feature is identified as Lyman-alpha and the absorption feature as OI 1302 A then the redshift of the (presumed) host is z=3.43. However, there appears to be no obvious depression bluewards of this feature as is normally seen in high-redshift objects (caused by the Lyman forest). If, however, the emission feature is identified with the [OII] 3727 line then the redshift is z=0.44.
A strong emission feature at a wavelength of 5602 A is also seen in the spectrum of the nearby galaxy G1 (GCN #12; GCN #13). Identifying this as the [OII] 3727 A feature as well as matching major absorption features yields a redshift of z=0.50.
We are in the process of analyzing additional LRIS data to improve the signal-to-noise ratio and also to understand the apparent discrepancy with similar data obtained on 17 Dec 1997 UT (GCN #12). We note that the earlier data were obtained under bright lunar conditions while the data reported herein was obtained during dark time.
This message is citable. | 1998-01-24 12:07:00 | optical,gamma ray,gamma-ray burst,transient | 1998-01-24 | 12:07:00 | 1,686 | [
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8 | Possible Radio Counterpart of MXB 1730-335 | R. Rutledge (UCB), C. Moore (Kapteyn Inst.) D. Fox, W. Lewin (MIT), and J. van Paradijs (UA/UAH) | Contemporaneous observations with RXTE All-Sky Monitor (2-10 keV) and the VLA at 4.9 and 8.4 GHz reveal a transient radio point-source, the intensity of which is correlated with the X-ray flux of MXB 1730-335 (The Rapid Burster; RB). The dates of observations, ASM 1-day average countrates, and flux densities are:
The probability of an unrelated background radio source producing similar on/off behavior to the X-ray Rapid Burster, assuming a uniform probability of a duty cycle, is 1.6%.
The best X-ray position (Grindlay & Seaquist, 1986, ApJ, 310, 172) reported for the RB is 4.5 sigma away from this source; however the distribution of 40 X-ray source localizations which produced the X-ray error circle contained some outliers, and the Rapid Burster may be another (J. Grindlay, priv. comm).
The radio spectrum during these observations is flat or slightly inverted (0.0-1.2, 90% confidence), and is consistent with a synchrotron bubble model. In this model, emission is expected to peak at higher frequencies, early in the outburst. We estimate the following peak radio flux densities:
Alternatively, the radio flux may be correlated with the X-ray flux, with the inverted spectrum observed:
The RB has outbursts separated by roughly 250 days (+/- 40 days). The next outburst is expected to occur in February-April 1998.
We are organizing a radio campaign, to begin immediately upon the start of the next outburst. Observers interested in performing observations should contact R. Rutledge . In addition, the onset of the next outburst will be announced via the Instant Email Notices for transients, within a few hours of its beginning. | 1998-01-28 03:03:00 | radio,x-ray,binary,transient | 1998-01-28 | 03:03:00 | 1,649 | [
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] | 7 |
9 | Outburst of MXB 1730-335 | D. Fox, R. Guerriero, W. Lewin (MIT), R. Rutledge (UCB), C. Moore (Kapteyn Inst.), M. van der Klis (UA), and J. van Paradijs (UA/UAH) | The Rapid Burster (MXB 1730-335) has been detected by the All-Sky Monitor of the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer in three consecutive 90-second dwells over the course of the last 28 hours (beginning 28 Jan 1998 22:20 UT). The source was detected at fitted count rates of 14, 11, and 15 cts/sec (per SSC), with uncertainties of ~2 cts/sec. During quiescence fitted count rates are generally < 6 cts/sec and consistent with zero (3 sigma). This indicates the beginning of a new X-ray outburst for this source. Discovery of a likely radio counterpart to the Rapid Burster (IAUC # 6813 ) makes timely radio observations, particularly at high frequencies, extremely valuable (see ATEL #8). Infrared observations with high time resolution (< 10 sec) are also sought (please contact the authors for possible coordination with RXTE observations).
The timing of this outburst (217 days after the previous one) confirms suspicions of a Rapid Burster recurrence time of ~6 months; the three immediately preceding outbursts began on 13 April 1996, 29 October 1996, and 25 June 1997, respectively.
The coordinates of the Rapid Burster's (probable) VLA counterpart are RA=17h33m24s.61; Dec=-33d23m19s.8 (J2000). | 1998-01-30 11:39:00 | radio,infra-red,x-ray,binary,transient | 1998-01-30 | 11:39:00 | 1,195 | [
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10 | GRB as Vacuum Discharge of Schwinger Critical Field at Fireball Surface | R. Lieu, Y. Takahashi (U Ala, Huntsville), T. W.B. Kibble (Imperial College) | It has long been recognized[1] that when a static electric field exceeds a critical value E_c corresponding to an electron acceleration of a_c ~2.4 x 10^31 cm per sec per sec, it is unstable with respect to pair production. The `vacuum breakdown' causes a E=E_c field to dissipate its energy in a timescale of ~10^-16 seconds, resulting in a mixture of gamma rays and pair plasma at temperature ~0.5 MeV. This paper outlines a theory of GRB based on the Schwinger mechanism (SM).
The first detection of optical afterglow[2] quickly led us to ascertain that GRB must be cosmological. Furthermore, the high redshift association[3,4] and the presence of deep and rapid modulations in the GRB flux[5] render it generally accepted that the intrinsic energy of a GRB is > 10^52 ergs and the size of the burst region (the `fireball', FB) is < 3 x 10^7 cm.
The data pose difficulties: even for gamma rays the Thomson optical depth of the FB is >> 1, implying radiation cannot escape unless the latter has expanded sufficiently. By then, however, the source size will be incompatible with observations. We emphasize that a relativistic bulk outflow is not an inevitable fate of the FB. If the FB contains 1 M_solar worth of baryonic matter (as we shall assume here) the gravitational potential would be sufficient to bind a system of matter and radiation at kT < 10 MeV within the FB radius.
We propose here an alternative model of GRB. We presume the energy injection at the FB is instantaneous. Since a quantum diffuses very slowly out of the FB, the energy density is simply total GRB energy : source volume. One then obtains U_GRB ~10^29 ergs per cc, or black body temperature of kT ~5 MeV. The dense FB ensures complete thermal equilibrium. This implies electrons and protons also have kT ~5 MeV, and system is bound.
To implement SM, one notes that the radiation pressure exerted by an expanding FB on the ambient matter (or an `envelope') can cause a vacuum breakdown. The radiative electron acceleration is a = sigma_Th U_GRB/m_e ~7 x 10^31 cm s^-2 > a_c. Since proton acceleration is reduced by (m_e/m_p)^3, momentarily the electrons advance radially outwards. This means a field E > E_c must exist because the electrons move with a > a_c with respect to the protons. Such a field will discharge, and will convert the surface flow energy of the FB into thermal energy at kT < 0.5 MeV in an optically thin region just outside it. The discharge will propagate into the FB and `extract' the bulk of its energy into an avalanche of e+ e- pairs. The ensuing annihilation produces gamma rays which can escape to make a GRB.
On the observed GRB duration ~1 - 10 s. A static electric field of strength E ~ E_c must have length > an electron Compton wavelength ~2.5 x 10^-10 cm before it can discharge. Thus the FB radiation must push out the ambient plasma selectively to produce a discharge layer of thickness ~2.5 x 10^-10 cm, the SM will then dissipate field in 10^-16 sec. The ratio of these two nos implies the discharge propagates into the FB at speed 2.5 x 10^6 cm per sec. Given the FB size it will be consumed within the observed timescale. This slow, inward moving discharge layer provides ample time for the gamma rays and pairs already created outside it by the SM to escape from the optically thick FB (none of the created quanta is gravitationally bound).
The theory explains with simplicity the basic observed properties of a GRB, and may also be relevant to supernova explosions.
References | 1998-03-07 08:50:00 | optical,gamma ray,gamma-ray burst,supernovae | 1998-03-07 | 08:50:00 | 3,505 | [
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] | 9 |
11 | Discovery of quasi-periodic oscillations in the new X-ray pulsar XTE J1858+034 | B. Paul (Tata Institute of Fundamental Research) | Discovery of quasi-periodic oscillations in the X-ray pulsar XTE J1858+034
This is the fifth X-ray pulsar after Cen X-3, EXO 2030+375, 4U 1626-67 and GRO J1744-28 in which QPOs have been detected. Assuming that the QPOs are produced as a result of some inhomogeneity at the magnetospheric boundary with the disk rotating at the Keplerian frequency (fK), the Keplerian frequency fK is derived to be 0.11 Hz . For a neutron star of mass 1.4 MSun, this indicates that the magnetosphere radius rM is 7.3 × 108 cm. From the X-ray luminosity of this pulsar for an assumed distance of rkpc, the magnetic field of this pulsar is estimated to be about ~1012 rkpc Gauss, where rkpc is the distance of the pulsar expressed in kiloparsec.
The Keplerian frequency of the disk at the magnetospheric radius is ~ 0.2 Hz in three of these five pulsars in which QPOs are observed. These are Cen X-3, EXO 23030+375 and 4U 1626-67. In the bursting pulsar GRO J1744-28 the magnetic field strength is estimated to be much smaller which is consistent with a smaller magnetosphere with Keplerian frequency of the disk at magnetosphere being 40 Hz. This new pulsar with lowest fK appears to be the one having a largest magnetosphere. | 1998-03-20 00:59:00 | x-ray,binary,neutron star,pulsar,star,transient | 1998-03-20 | 00:59:00 | 1,210 | [
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] | 10 |
12 | BeppoSAX Alert -- GB980425 | Editor | I received the following notice:
BeppoSAX GRB MAIL N. 98/9 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
GB980425
The BeppoSAX GRBM was triggered at 21:49:11 UT of April 25 by a GRB (GB980425) The event was detected by one of the WFC (WFC2), with preliminary position: RA(2000)=293.65 Dec(2000)=-52.81 The error radius at this stage is 10', that includes systematic errors due to a not optimal attitude configuration.
An update of the position will be released soon.
A BeppoSAX follow up with the NFI is being planned
Luigi Piro BeppoSAX Mission Scientist | 1998-04-26 11:37:00 | gamma ray,gamma-ray burst | 1998-04-26 | 11:37:00 | 541 | [
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] | 11 |
13 | BeppoSAX GRB ALERT: refined position of GB980425 | Editor | Further to ATEL #12, I received the following:
BeppoSAX GRB MAIL N. 98/10 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
GB980425: REFINED POSITION FROM WFC
Refined position of GB980425 in BeppoSAX WFC are: RA(2000)=293.72 Dec(2000)=-52.83
with an error radius of 8', that includes systematic errors due to a not optimal attitude configuration.
No further updates are foreseen for the WFC position.
The results of the NFI follow up observation should be available in 1-2 days.
Luigi Piro BeppoSAX Mission Scientist | 1998-04-26 12:32:00 | gamma ray,gamma-ray burst | 1998-04-26 | 12:32:00 | 501 | [
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] | 12 |
14 | BeppoSAX Alert: GB980425: Preliminary results from BeppoSAX NFI follow up | Editor | Further to ATEL #12, #13, I received the following:
BeppoSAX GRB MAIL N. 98/11 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
GB980425: Preliminary results from BeppoSAX NFI follow up
The BeppoSAX Wide Field Camera error box of GRB 980425 (IAUC # 6884 ) was observed with the BeppoSAX Narrow Field Instruments (NFI) starting about 10.0 hrs after the burst. Preliminary analysis of the first 27 hr shows a previously unknown x-ray source in the MECS and LECS at:
R.A. = 19h35m04s Decl. = -52o48'34''
(equinox 2000.0)with an error radius of 1'.
This position is 2'.0 from the centroid of the WFC position.
The source did not significantly fade during the observation. The average flux (2-10 keV)was a few x 10E-13 c.g.s. Further BeppoSAX observations are already planned to monitor the behavior of the source and to establish its association with GRB980425.
Luigi Piro BeppoSAX Mission Scientist | 1998-04-29 00:50:00 | x-ray,gamma ray,gamma-ray burst | 1998-04-29 | 00:50:00 | 881 | [
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] | 13 |
15 | GB980425: BeppoSAX NFI follow up UPDATE | Editor | Further to previous Telegrams (ATEL #12, #13, #14), I received the following:
BeppoSAX GRB MAIL N. 98/12 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
GB980425: BeppoSAX NFI follow up UPDATE
The first TOO pointing of GB980425 with the NFI was completed with a total duration of about 2 days. The unknown x-ray source quoted in the previous mail (98/11), reporting preliminary results of the first 27 hr, remains at about the same flux as before.
A more detailed analysis shows another unknown X-ray source at
R.A.: 19h 35m 21s Dec.: -52d 52' 19"
(equinox 2000.0) with an error radius of 1'.
This source is visible only during the first day of observation at a flux of about 10E-13 c.g.s. (2-10 keV). The upper limit in the second part of the observation implies a decay by about a factor of two or more.
Luigi Piro BeppoSAX Mission Scientist | 1998-04-30 02:42:00 | x-ray,gamma ray,gamma-ray burst | 1998-04-30 | 02:42:00 | 830 | [
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] | 14 |
16 | Real Time Gravitational Microlensing in OGLE experiment | Andrzej Udalski, Michal Szymanski (Warsaw Univ. Observatory) | A. Udalski and M. Szymanski, on behalf of the OGLE collaboration: The Early Warning System (EWS) designed for detection of microlensing events in progress has been implemented for the second phase of the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment - OGLE-2. Information about detected events in progress is available on WWW page and Anonymous FTP. Astronomers interested in e-mail notification, are requested to send an e-mail to ogle-ews@sirius.astrouw.edu.pl. Short notes will also be posted at The Astronomer's Telegram page.
Each night about 25 million stars are monitored in the Galactic bulge with the 1.3-m Warsaw telescope at Las Campanas Observatory, Chile. Also large parts of the LMC and SMC are regularly observed. In the 1998 bulge season (Mar-Oct) 15 microlensing event candidates has already been detected. 5 of them are still in progress. The expected detection rate is about 50 microlensing events per observing season. | 1998-05-07 21:06:00 | optical,gravitational lensing,microlensing event,star | 1998-05-07 | 21:06:00 | 934 | [
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17 | Discovery of 7-13 Hz quasi-periodic oscillations in the new X-ray transient XTE J1806-246 | Rudy Wijnands & Michiel van der Klis (Astronomical Institute "Anton Pannekoek", University of Amsterdam) | We have discovered quasi-periodic oscillations (QPO) with frequencies of 7-13 Hz (see the power density spectrum) in the recently discovered X-ray transient XTE J1806-246 (IAUC 6891 ) in data obtained on May 3 1998 21:03-22:31 UT with the proportional counter array (PCA) onboard the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer. The total PCA count rate varied between approximately 7000 and 8000 counts/sec. The rms amplitude of the QPO in the 2-60 keV energy band varied between 2 and 6.5 % (rms) and the FWHM of the QPO peak varied between 2 and 9.5 Hz. Their is no clear correlation between X-ray count rate and the QPO parameters. In the X-ray color-color diagram a two-branched structure was traced out. The QPO parameters are well correlated with the position of the source on these branches. During earlier observations on 1998 April 27, 28 and 29 the count rates were between 5000 and 7000 counts/sec. The 7-13 Hz QPO was not detected during these observations. In the X-ray color-color diagram those observations are slightly displaced from the data obtained on May 3.
The frequency of the QPOs and the behavior of the QPO parameters with respect to the position of the source on the two branches is similar to the behavior of the 5-7 Hz QPO usually found in the brightest low-mass X-ray binaries, the Z sources, which accrete matter from a companion star at close to the Eddington mass accretion rate. It is possible that XTE J1806-246 is similar to these systems. If so, then it would be the first discovery of a Z source in over more then twenty years. It would also be the first transient Z source known. | 1998-05-08 09:06:00 | x-ray,binary,star,transient | 1998-05-08 | 09:06:00 | 1,603 | [
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18 | Possible high magnification microlensing event | Andrzej Udalski, Michal Szymanski (Warsaw Univ. Observatory) | The OGLE team informs about a microlensing event in progress - OGLE-1998-BUL-15 (18:07:20.83, -27:34:10.8, J2000) which is presently about 4 days before maximum and is rising rapidly (already more than 2 mag above the normal level). Preliminary fit to the light curve predicts possible maximum magnification as large as 10 mag and maximum on JD=2450945.2. Follow up observations, both photometric and spectroscopic, are strongly encouraged. Finding chart, coordinates and all other information can be found at WWW page and Anonymous FTP.
See ATEL #16 for info on OGLE Early Warning System. | 1998-05-08 16:35:00 | optical,microlensing event | 1998-05-08 | 16:35:00 | 590 | [
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] | 17 |
19 | 3rd Interplanetary Network Gamma-Ray Burst Website | Kevin Hurley (SSL) | We announce the opening of the 3rd Interplanetary Network web site at http://ssl.berkeley.edu/ipn3/index.html . This site presently has four parts:
1. A bibliography of over 3000 publications on gamma-ray bursts,
2. IPN data on all bursts triangulated up to February 1998,
3. A master list showing which spacecraft observed which bursts,
4. Preliminary IPN data on the latest bursts observed. | 1998-05-12 05:49:00 | gamma ray,gamma-ray burst,a comment | 1998-05-12 | 05:49:00 | 396 | [
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20 | GB980515 | Editor | Two messages received, regarding a newly detected gamma-ray burst:
BeppoSAX GRB MAIL N. 98/13 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
GB980515
A GRB (GB980515) was observed by the BeppoSAX GRBM at about 17:00:10 UT of May 15. The event was detected by one of the WFC (WFC2), with preliminary position:
RA(2000)=319.25 Dec(2000)=-67.238
with an error radius of 5'.
A BeppoSAX follow up with the NFI is being planned
Luigi Piro BeppoSAX Mission Scientist
Further to this message, the following was received by email on May 18 1998:
The BeppoSAX-WFC position of GRB980515 has been revised using the Final Observing Tape.
The revised burst position is:
R.A. = 319.3527 (21h 17m 25s), Decl. = -67.2550 (-67o 15' 18") Eq. 2000.0
We give an error radius of 4 arcmin. This is somewhat larger than the usual 3 arcmin because of low statistics of the burst. This position lies at 3.8 arcmin from the latest distributed position, and 2.6 arcmin from the first distributed position.
Best regards,
Marco Feroci and Jean in 't Zand
on behalf of the BeppoSAX Mission Scientist | 1998-05-19 06:39:00 | gamma ray,gamma-ray burst | 1998-05-19 | 06:39:00 | 1,062 | [
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