sqlserver
stringlengths 59
30k
| plsql
stringlengths 54
4.67k
|
|---|---|
IF OBJECT_ID('process_data', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE process_data;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE process_data(@emp_id IN AS NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
-- Fe... ***
SELECT @emp_record = * FROM employees WHERE emp_id = emp_id;
*** data
IF emp_record.is_active BEGIN
*** ata
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary + 100 WHERE emp_id = emp_id;
END
ELSE BEGIN
*** ive, raise an error
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee is inactive', 16, 1);
END
-- Co... ***
COMMIT;
END;
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT := 100;
BEGIN
*** rocedure
dbo.process_data(@emp_id);
-- Ha... ***
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE process_data(emp_id IN NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
-- Fetch employee data
SELECT * INTO emp_record FROM employees WHERE emp_id = emp_id;
-- Validate employee data
IF emp_record.is_active THEN
-- Update employee data
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary + 100 WHERE emp_id = emp_id;
ELSE
-- Employee is inactive, raise an error
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee is inactive');
END IF;
-- Commit changes
COMMIT;
END;
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER := 100;
BEGIN
-- Call the stored procedure
process_data(emp_id);
-- Handle any errors
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
declare
@v_empid float := 100;
v_salary number;
begin
select @v_salary = salary from emp where empno = @v_empid;
if v_salary > 10000 begin
dbms_output.put_line('Salary is greater than 10000');
end
else begin
dbms_output.put_line('Salary is less than or equal to 10000');
end
begin
update emp set salary = v_salary + 1000 where empno = @v_empid;
commit;
exception
when others then
rollback;
dbms_output.put_line('Error occurred while updating salary');
end;
end;
|
declare
v_empid number := 100;
v_salary number;
begin
select salary into v_salary from emp where empno = v_empid;
if v_salary > 10000 then
dbms_output.put_line('Salary is greater than 10000');
else
dbms_output.put_line('Salary is less than or equal to 10000');
end if;
begin
update emp set salary = v_salary + 1000 where empno = v_empid;
commit;
exception
when others then
rollback;
dbms_output.put_line('Error occurred while updating salary');
end;
end;
|
BEGIN
DECLARE rec CURSOR FOR SELECT * FROM employees; OPEN rec;
FETCH rec INTO;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(isnull(@rec_employee_id, '') + ' ' + isnull(@rec_last_name, ''));
FETCH rec INTO;
END;
CLOSE rec;
DEALLOCATE rec;
END; | BEGIN
FOR rec IN (SELECT * FROM employees) LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(rec.employee_id || ' ' || rec.last_name);
END LOOP;
END; |
IF OBJECT_ID('update_salary', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE update_salary;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE update_salary(@emp_id IN AS NUMBER, new_salary IN NUMBER)
AS
*** iables
old_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Ge... ***
SELECT @old_salary = salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
-- Up... ***
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
*** ry was updated
IF old_salary <> new_salary BEGIN
*** n if the salary was not updated
RAISERROR('-20000 Salary update failed', 16, 1);
END
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_salary(emp_id IN NUMBER, new_salary IN NUMBER)
AS
-- Declare local variables
old_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Get the old salary
SELECT salary INTO old_salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
-- Update the salary
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
-- Check if the salary was updated
IF old_salary <> new_salary THEN
-- Raise an exception if the salary was not updated
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, 'Salary update failed');
END IF;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_count INTEGER;
v_id NUMBER;
BEGIN
SET @v_count = 0;
DECLARE v_id CURSOR FOR SELECT id FROM table_name; OPEN v_id;
FETCH v_id INTO;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
SET @v_count = @v_count + 1;
FETCH v_id INTO;
END;
CLOSE v_id;
DEALLOCATE v_id;
IF @v_count > 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Records found.');
END
ELSE BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 No records found.', 16, 1);
END
END; | DECLARE
v_count INTEGER;
v_id NUMBER;
BEGIN
v_count := 0;
FOR v_id IN (SELECT id FROM table_name) LOOP
v_count := v_count + 1;
END LOOP;
IF v_count > 0 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Records found.');
ELSE
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'No records found.');
END IF;
END; |
IF OBJECT_ID('calculate_total_sales', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE calculate_total_sales;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE calculate_total_sales AS NUMBER, total_sales OUT NUMBER
BEGIN
amount
sales
customer_id customer_id;
END;
DECLARE
FLOAT;
BEGIN
dbo.calculate_total_sales1234, ;
dbms_output.put_line , ;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE calculate_total_sales(customer_id IN NUMBER, total_sales OUT NUMBER) IS
-- Calculate the total sales for the specified customer
BEGIN
SELECT SUM(amount) INTO total_sales
FROM sales
WHERE customer_id = customer_id;
END;
-- Example usage
DECLARE
total_sales NUMBER;
BEGIN
calculate_total_sales(1234, total_sales);
dbms_output.put_line('Total sales for customer 1234: ' || total_sales);
END;
|
DECLARE
@l_emp_id FLOAT;
l_emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
*** nformation
SELECT @l_emp_id = emp_id, @l_emp_name = emp_name
FROM employees
WHERE emp_id = :employee_id;
*** ame
UPDATE employees SET emp_name = isnull(l_emp_name, '') + ' (Updated)'
WHERE emp_id = @l_emp_id;
*** oyee
INSERT INTO employees (emp_id, emp_name)
VALUES (1000, 'New Employee');
*** s, roll back the transaction
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
DECLARE
l_emp_id NUMBER;
l_emp_name VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
-- Select employee information
SELECT emp_id, emp_name
INTO l_emp_id, l_emp_name
FROM employees
WHERE emp_id = :employee_id;
-- Update employee name
UPDATE employees SET emp_name = l_emp_name || ' (Updated)'
WHERE emp_id = l_emp_id;
-- Insert a new employee
INSERT INTO employees (emp_id, emp_name)
VALUES (1000, 'New Employee');
-- If an error occurs, roll back the transaction
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
DECLARE
@COMPANY_ID VARCHAR(100);
COMPANY_NAME dbo.VARCHAR2(100);
DEPT_ID dbo.VARCHAR2(100);
EMP_ID dbo.VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
*** me by company id
SELECT @COMPANY_NAME = COMPANY_NAME
FROM COMPANIES
WHERE @COMPANY_ID = '100';
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Company Name: ' + ISNULL(COMPANY_NAME, ''));
*** rtment
INSERT INTO DEPARTMENTS
(DEPT_ID, DEPT_NAME, COMPANY_ID)
VALUES
('200', 'IT', '100');
*** name
UPDATE DEPARTMENTS
SET DEPT_NAME = 'Information Technology'
WHERE DEPT_ID = '200';
*** name by department id
SELECT @DEPT_NAME = DEPT_NAME
FROM DEPARTMENTS
WHERE DEPT_ID = '200';
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Department Name: ' + ISNULL(DEPT_NAME, ''));
*** oyee
INSERT INTO EMPLOYEES
(EMP_ID, EMP_NAME, DEPT_ID)
VALUES
('300', 'John Smith', '200');
*** ame by employee id
SELECT @EMP_NAME = EMP_NAME
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE EMP_ID = '300';
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' + ISNULL(EMP_NAME, ''));
-- De... ***
DELETE FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE EMP_ID = '300';
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
DECLARE
COMPANY_ID VARCHAR2(100);
COMPANY_NAME VARCHAR2(100);
DEPT_ID VARCHAR2(100);
EMP_ID VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
-- Select company name by company id
SELECT COMPANY_NAME
INTO COMPANY_NAME
FROM COMPANIES
WHERE COMPANY_ID = '100';
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Company Name: ' || COMPANY_NAME);
-- Insert a new department
INSERT INTO DEPARTMENTS
(DEPT_ID, DEPT_NAME, COMPANY_ID)
VALUES
('200', 'IT', '100');
-- Update department name
UPDATE DEPARTMENTS
SET DEPT_NAME = 'Information Technology'
WHERE DEPT_ID = '200';
-- Select department name by department id
SELECT DEPT_NAME
INTO DEPT_NAME
FROM DEPARTMENTS
WHERE DEPT_ID = '200';
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Department Name: ' || DEPT_NAME);
-- Insert a new employee
INSERT INTO EMPLOYEES
(EMP_ID, EMP_NAME, DEPT_ID)
VALUES
('300', 'John Smith', '200');
-- Select employee name by employee id
SELECT EMP_NAME
INTO EMP_NAME
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE EMP_ID = '300';
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' || EMP_NAME);
-- Delete an employee
DELETE FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE EMP_ID = '300';
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('my_proc', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE my_proc;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE my_proc (
@param1 IN AS NUMBER,
param2 IN VARCHAR2
)
IS
v_max NUMBER;
v_error_flag EXCEPTION;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_max = MAX(id) FROM my_table;
IF v_max IS NULL BEGIN
RAISE v_error_flag;
END
UPDATE my_table SET value = value + param1 WHERE id = v_max;
INSERT INTO my_log (message) VALUES ('Updated row ' + isnull(v_max, '') + ' with value ' + isnull(param1, ''));
EXCEPTION
WHEN v_error_flag THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISERROR('-20001 No rows to update', 16, 1);
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE my_proc (
param1 IN NUMBER,
param2 IN VARCHAR2
)
IS
v_max NUMBER;
v_error_flag EXCEPTION;
BEGIN
SELECT MAX(id) INTO v_max FROM my_table;
IF v_max IS NULL THEN
RAISE v_error_flag;
END IF;
UPDATE my_table SET value = value + param1 WHERE id = v_max;
INSERT INTO my_log (message) VALUES ('Updated row ' || v_max || ' with value ' || param1);
EXCEPTION
WHEN v_error_flag THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'No rows to update');
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('add_employee', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE add_employee;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE add_employee(
@id IN AS NUMBER,
name IN VARCHAR2,
salary IN NUMBER)
IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (id, name, salary)
VALUES (id, name, salary);
COMMIT;
END;
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT := 100;
emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(20) := 'John Doe';
emp_salary SET @NUMBER = 10000;
BEGIN
dbo.add_employee(@emp_id, emp_name, emp_salary);
END;
SELECT * FROM employees;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE add_employee(
id IN NUMBER,
name IN VARCHAR2,
salary IN NUMBER)
IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (id, name, salary)
VALUES (id, name, salary);
COMMIT;
END;
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER := 100;
emp_name VARCHAR2(20) := 'John Doe';
emp_salary NUMBER := 10000;
BEGIN
add_employee(emp_id, emp_name, emp_salary);
END;
SELECT * FROM employees;
|
DECLARE
cursor_name CURSOR FOR SELECT * FROM table_name;
record_count SET @INTEGER = 0;
BEGIN
OPEN cursor_name;
WHILE 1=1 BEGIN
FETCH cursor_name INTO @variable1, @variable2, ...;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BREAK;
SET @record_count = record_count + 1;
END;
CLOSE cursor_name;
END;
/
|
DECLARE
cursor_name CURSOR FOR SELECT * FROM table_name;
record_count INTEGER := 0;
BEGIN
OPEN cursor_name;
LOOP
FETCH cursor_name INTO variable1, variable2, ...;
EXIT WHEN cursor_name%NOTFOUND;
record_count := record_count + 1;
END LOOP;
CLOSE cursor_name;
END;
/
|
CREATE PROCEDURE get_employee_info(
@emp_id IN AS NUMBER,
OUT fname OUT VARCHAR2,
OUT lname OUT VARCHAR2,
OUT salary OUT NUMBER
) AS
BEGIN
SELECT @fname = first_name, @lname = last_name, @salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
END;
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT := 100;
fname dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
lname dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
dbo.get_employee_info(@emp_id, fname, lname, salary);
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Employee Name: ' + isnull(fname, '') + ' ' + isnull(lname, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Salary: ' + isnull(salary, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('No employee found with ID: ' + isnull(@emp_id, ''));
END
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE get_employee_info(
emp_id IN NUMBER,
OUT fname OUT VARCHAR2,
OUT lname OUT VARCHAR2,
OUT salary OUT NUMBER
) AS
BEGIN
SELECT first_name, last_name, salary
INTO fname, lname, salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
END;
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER := 100;
fname VARCHAR2(20);
lname VARCHAR2(20);
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
get_employee_info(emp_id, fname, lname, salary);
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Employee Name: ' || fname || ' ' || lname);
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Salary: ' || salary);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('No employee found with ID: ' || emp_id);
END;
|
BEGIN
DECLARE @i INT = 1;
WHILE @i <= 10 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Line number: ' + ISNULL(CONVERT(VARCHAR, i), ''));
END;
END;
/
|
BEGIN
FOR i IN 1..10 LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Line number: ' || TO_CHAR(i));
END LOOP;
END;
/
|
IF OBJECT_ID('GetEmployeeName', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION GetEmployeeName;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION GetEmployeeName(@emp_id FLOAT) RETURNS VARCHAR(4000) AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @emp_name VARCHAR(100);
SELECT @emp_name = ename FROM emp WHERE empno = @emp_id;
RETURN @emp_name;
END;
IF OBJECT_ID('UpdateEmployeeSalary', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE UpdateEmployeeSalary;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE UpdateEmployeeSalary(@emp_id FLOAT, @new_salary FLOAT) AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
UPDATE emp
SET sal = @new_salary
WHERE empno = @emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT := 7369;
emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(100);
emp_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SET @emp_name = dbo.GetEmployeeName(@emp_id);
SET @emp_salary = 10000;
dbo.UpdateEmployeeSalary(@emp_id, emp_salary);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ' + isnull(emp_name, '') + ' salary updated to ' + isnull(emp_salary, ''));
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error updating employee salary');
END;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION GetEmployeeName(emp_id NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
emp_name VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
SELECT ename INTO emp_name FROM emp WHERE empno = emp_id;
RETURN emp_name;
END;
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE UpdateEmployeeSalary(emp_id NUMBER, new_salary NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE emp
SET sal = new_salary
WHERE empno = emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER := 7369;
emp_name VARCHAR2(100);
emp_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
emp_name := GetEmployeeName(emp_id);
emp_salary := 10000;
UpdateEmployeeSalary(emp_id, emp_salary);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ' || emp_name || ' salary updated to ' || emp_salary);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error updating employee salary');
END;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_empno FLOAT;
v_ename dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
v_sal NUMBER;
v_comm NUMBER;
BEGIN
*** employee table
INSERT INTO emp (empno, ename, sal, comm)
VALUES (10, 'Clark', 10000, 0);
*** ployee table
UPDATE emp SET sal = sal * 1.10
WHERE empno = 10;
*** employee table
DELETE FROM emp WHERE empno = 9;
*** employee table
SELECT empno, ename, sal, comm
FROM emp
WHERE sal > 10000;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
DECLARE
v_empno NUMBER;
v_ename VARCHAR2(20);
v_sal NUMBER;
v_comm NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Insert data into employee table
INSERT INTO emp (empno, ename, sal, comm)
VALUES (10, 'Clark', 10000, 0);
-- Update data in employee table
UPDATE emp SET sal = sal * 1.10
WHERE empno = 10;
-- Delete data from employee table
DELETE FROM emp WHERE empno = 9;
-- Select data from employee table
SELECT empno, ename, sal, comm
FROM emp
WHERE sal > 10000;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
BEGIN
DECLARE @i INT = 1;
WHILE @i <= 10 BEGIN
IF (i %2) = 0 BEGIN
UPDATE emp SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE empno = i;
END
ELSE BEGIN
UPDATE emp SET salary = salary * 1.05 WHERE empno = i;
END
END;
COMMIT;
END;
/ | BEGIN
FOR i IN 1..10 LOOP
IF mod(i,2) = 0 THEN
UPDATE emp SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE empno = i;
ELSE
UPDATE emp SET salary = salary * 1.05 WHERE empno = i;
END IF;
END LOOP;
COMMIT;
END;
/ |
IF OBJECT_ID('UpdateCustomer', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE UpdateCustomer;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE UpdateCustomer(@IN CustomerID AS NUMBER, IN NewName VARCHAR2)
AS
BEGIN
UPDATE Customers SET Name = NewName WHERE CustomerID = CustomerID;
END;
IF OBJECT_ID('GetCustomerOrders', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION GetCustomerOrders;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION GetCustomerOrders(@IN CustomerID NUMBERDECLARE )
RETURN
BEGIN SYS_REFCURSOR
RETURN NULL;
END;
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @CurOrders SYS_REFCURSOR;
SELECT OrderID FROM Orders WHERE CustomerID = CustomerID;
RETURN @CurOrders;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
@v_CustomerID FLOAT := 1234;
v_NewName SET @VARCHAR2 = 'New Customer Name';
v_Orders SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
dbo.UpdateCustomer(@v_CustomerID, v_NewName);
SET @v_Orders = dbo.GetCustomerOrders(@v_CustomerID);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE UpdateCustomer(IN CustomerID NUMBER, IN NewName VARCHAR2)
AS
BEGIN
UPDATE Customers SET Name = NewName WHERE CustomerID = CustomerID;
END;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION GetCustomerOrders(IN CustomerID NUMBER)
RETURN SYS_REFCURSOR
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE CurOrders SYS_REFCURSOR;
OPEN CurOrders FOR SELECT OrderID FROM Orders WHERE CustomerID = CustomerID;
RETURN CurOrders;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
v_CustomerID NUMBER := 1234;
v_NewName VARCHAR2 := 'New Customer Name';
v_Orders SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
UpdateCustomer(v_CustomerID, v_NewName);
v_Orders := GetCustomerOrders(v_CustomerID);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
END;
|
BEGIN
-- De... ***
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT;
emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
salary NUMBER;
dept_name dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
-- Op... ***
SELECT employee_id,
isnull(last_name, '') + ', ' + isnull(first_name, '') AS emp_name,
salary,
department_name
FROM employees
WHERE department_id = :d_id;
-- Fe... ***
FETCH c_emp INTO @emp_id, @emp_name, @salary, @dept_name;
*** results
WHILE c_emp%FOUND BEGIN
-- Pr... ***
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' + isnull(@emp_id, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' + isnull(emp_name, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' + isnull(salary, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Department Name: ' + isnull(dept_name, ''));
-- Fe... ***
FETCH c_emp INTO @emp_id, @emp_name, @salary, @dept_name;
END;
-- Cl... ***
CLOSE c_emp;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employees found in department ' + isnull(:d_id, ''));
END
END;
END;
|
BEGIN
-- Declare variables
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER;
emp_name VARCHAR2(20);
salary NUMBER;
dept_name VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
-- Open cursor
OPEN c_emp FOR
SELECT employee_id,
last_name || ', ' || first_name AS emp_name,
salary,
department_name
FROM employees
WHERE department_id = :d_id;
-- Fetch data
FETCH c_emp INTO emp_id, emp_name, salary, dept_name;
-- Loop through the results
WHILE c_emp%FOUND LOOP
-- Print the data
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' || emp_id);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' || emp_name);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' || salary);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Department Name: ' || dept_name);
-- Fetch the next row
FETCH c_emp INTO emp_id, emp_name, salary, dept_name;
END LOOP;
-- Close cursor
CLOSE c_emp;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employees found in department ' || :d_id);
END;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE get_orders_by_customer(@p_customer_id IN AS NUMBER) AS
order_count NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @order_count = COUNT(*)
FROM orders
WHERE customer_id = p_customer_id;
IF order_count = 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 No orders found for customer', 16, 1);
END
DECLARE rec CURSOR FOR SELECT * FROM orders WHERE customer_id = p_customer_id; OPEN rec;
FETCH rec INTO;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(isnull(@rec_order_id, '') + ' ' + isnull(@rec_product_id, ''));
FETCH rec INTO;
END;
CLOSE rec;
DEALLOCATE rec;
END get_orders_by_customer;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE get_orders_by_customer(p_customer_id IN NUMBER) AS
order_count NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO order_count
FROM orders
WHERE customer_id = p_customer_id;
IF order_count = 0 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'No orders found for customer');
END IF;
FOR rec IN (SELECT * FROM orders WHERE customer_id = p_customer_id) LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(rec.order_id || ' ' || rec.product_id);
END LOOP;
END get_orders_by_customer;
|
DECLARE
@v_sal FLOAT;
v_job dbo.VARCHAR2(10);
BEGIN
SET @v_sal = 12000;
SET @v_job = 'CLERK';
/* *** truct */
IF @v_sal > 10000
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary is high');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary is low');
END
/* *** enario */
BEGIN
SELECT @v_job = job_title
FROM jobs
WHERE job_id = 'ADM';
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No such job found');
END
END;
END;
/
|
DECLARE
v_sal NUMBER;
v_job VARCHAR2(10);
BEGIN
v_sal := 12000;
v_job := 'CLERK';
/* Control flow construct */
IF v_sal > 10000
THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary is high');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary is low');
END IF;
/* Error handling scenario */
BEGIN
SELECT job_title
INTO v_job
FROM jobs
WHERE job_id = 'ADM';
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No such job found');
END;
END;
/
|
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee(
@p_empid IN AS NUMBER,
p_fname IN VARCHAR2,
p_lname IN VARCHAR2,
p_salary IN NUMBER,
p_deptno IN NUMBER)
IS
l_empid NUMBER;
l_fname dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
l_lname dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
l_salary NUMBER;
l_deptno NUMBER;
l_old_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @l_empid = empid, @l_fname = fname, @l_lname = lname, @l_salary = salary, @l_deptno = deptno
FROM employees
WHERE empid = p_empid;
IF l_empid IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
set @l_old_salary = l_salary;
set @l_salary = p_salary;
UPDATE employees
SET fname = p_fname,
lname = p_lname,
salary = p_salary,
deptno = p_deptno
WHERE empid = p_empid;
IF @@ROWCOUNT = 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20002 Employee update failed', 16, 1);
END
IF l_old_salary <> l_salary BEGIN
INSERT INTO employee_history(empid, salary, chg_date)
VALUES (l_empid, l_salary, GETDATE());
END
END update_employee;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee(
p_empid IN NUMBER,
p_fname IN VARCHAR2,
p_lname IN VARCHAR2,
p_salary IN NUMBER,
p_deptno IN NUMBER)
IS
l_empid NUMBER;
l_fname VARCHAR2(20);
l_lname VARCHAR2(20);
l_salary NUMBER;
l_deptno NUMBER;
l_old_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT empid, fname, lname, salary, deptno
INTO l_empid, l_fname, l_lname, l_salary, l_deptno
FROM employees
WHERE empid = p_empid;
IF l_empid IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
l_old_salary := l_salary;
l_salary := p_salary;
UPDATE employees
SET fname = p_fname,
lname = p_lname,
salary = p_salary,
deptno = p_deptno
WHERE empid = p_empid;
IF SQL%ROWCOUNT = 0 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20002, 'Employee update failed');
END IF;
IF l_old_salary <> l_salary THEN
INSERT INTO employee_history(empid, salary, chg_date)
VALUES (l_empid, l_salary, SYSDATE);
END IF;
END update_employee;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('sum_data', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE sum_data;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE sum_data(@p_num1 IN AS NUMBER, p_num2 IN NUMBER, OUT p_sum OUT NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
set @p_sum = p_num1 + p_num2;
END;
/
DECLARE @v_sum FLOAT;
BEGIN
dbo.sum_data(20, 30, @v_sum);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Sum of 20 and 30 is: ' + isnull(@v_sum, ''));
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE sum_data(p_num1 IN NUMBER, p_num2 IN NUMBER, OUT p_sum OUT NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
p_sum := p_num1 + p_num2;
END;
/
DECLARE v_sum NUMBER;
BEGIN
sum_data(20, 30, v_sum);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Sum of 20 and 30 is: ' || v_sum);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_salary FLOAT;
v_empno NUMBER;
BEGIN
SET @v_salary = 10000;
SET @v_empno = 7788;
*** us based on salary
IF @v_salary > 10000
BEGIN
UPDATE emp SET bonus = @v_salary * 0.1
WHERE empno = v_empno;
END
ELSE BEGIN
UPDATE emp SET bonus = @v_salary * 0.05
WHERE empno = v_empno;
END
*** d bonus
SELECT bonus
FROM emp
WHERE empno = v_empno;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
DECLARE
v_salary NUMBER;
v_empno NUMBER;
BEGIN
v_salary := 10000;
v_empno := 7788;
-- Calculate the bonus based on salary
IF v_salary > 10000
THEN
UPDATE emp SET bonus = v_salary * 0.1
WHERE empno = v_empno;
ELSE
UPDATE emp SET bonus = v_salary * 0.05
WHERE empno = v_empno;
END IF;
-- Output the updated bonus
SELECT bonus
FROM emp
WHERE empno = v_empno;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('update_employee', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE update_employee;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee(
@employee_id IN AS NUMBER,
new_salary IN NUMBER
)
IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees
SET salary = new_salary
WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
COMMIT;
END;
/
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT;
BEGIN
SET @emp_id = 100;
dbo.UPDATE_EMPLOYEE(@emp_id, 15000);
END;
/
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_employee(
employee_id IN NUMBER,
new_salary IN NUMBER
)
IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees
SET salary = new_salary
WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
COMMIT;
END;
/
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER;
BEGIN
emp_id := 100;
UPDATE_EMPLOYEE(emp_id, 15000);
END;
/
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = emp_id FROM employees WHERE last_name = 'King';
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE emp_id = @v_emp_id;
INSERT INTO audit_log (emp_id, action) VALUES (@v_emp_id, 'Salary increased by 10%');
COMMIT;
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT emp_id INTO v_emp_id FROM employees WHERE last_name = 'King';
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
INSERT INTO audit_log (emp_id, action) VALUES (v_emp_id, 'Salary increased by 10%');
COMMIT;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('my_proc', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE my_proc;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE my_proc(@param1 IN AS VARCHAR2)
IS
BEGIN
BEGIN
UPDATE my_table SET col1 = 'value' WHERE cond1 = param1;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISERROR('-20001 Update failed', 16, 1);
END;
END my_proc;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE my_proc(param1 IN VARCHAR2)
IS
BEGIN
BEGIN
UPDATE my_table SET col1 = 'value' WHERE cond1 = param1;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Update failed');
END;
END my_proc;
|
SET @SERVEROUTPUT ON;
IF OBJECT_ID('print_names', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE print_names;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE print_names
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
DECLARE @i INT = 1 ;
WHILE @i <= 10 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(isnull(i, '') + ' John Doe');
END;
END;
GO
BEGIN
dbo.print_names();
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(SQLERRM);
ROLLBACK;
END;
/
IF OBJECT_ID('get_max_salary', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_max_salary;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_max_salary()
RETURNS FLOAT
AS
BEGIN
RETURN (
SELECT MAX(salary)
FROM employees
);
END;
GO
SELECT dbo.get_max_salary();
|
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE print_names
AS
BEGIN
FOR i IN 1 .. 10 LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(i || ' John Doe');
END LOOP;
END;
/
BEGIN
print_names();
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(SQLERRM);
ROLLBACK;
END;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_max_salary
RETURN NUMBER
IS
BEGIN
RETURN (
SELECT MAX(salary)
FROM employees
);
END;
/
SELECT get_max_salary() FROM dual;
|
BEGIN
DECLARE
@v_empno FLOAT := 10;
v_ename dbo.VARCHAR2(20) := 'Scott';
v_salary SET @NUMBER = 10000;
BEGIN
UPDATE emp
SET ename = v_ename,
salary = v_salary
WHERE empno = @v_empno;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
INSERT INTO emp (empno, ename, salary)
VALUES (@v_empno, v_ename, v_salary);
END
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
END; | BEGIN
DECLARE
v_empno NUMBER := 10;
v_ename VARCHAR2(20) := 'Scott';
v_salary NUMBER := 10000;
BEGIN
UPDATE emp
SET ename = v_ename,
salary = v_salary
WHERE empno = v_empno;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
INSERT INTO emp (empno, ename, salary)
VALUES (v_empno, v_ename, v_salary);
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
END; |
DECLARE
@v_empno FLOAT;
v_ename dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
*** ame based on employee number
SELECT @v_ename = ename FROM emp WHERE empno = 7839;
-- Di... ***
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' + isnull(v_ename, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_empno NUMBER;
v_ename VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
-- Select employee name based on employee number
SELECT ename INTO v_ename FROM emp WHERE empno = 7839;
-- Display the result
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' || v_ename);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_name VARCHAR(100);
v_age NUMBER;
v_error NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_name = name, @v_age = age FROM employees WHERE id = 1;
IF v_age < 18 BEGIN
SET @v_error = 101;
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee is under 18 years old.', 16, 1);
END
END;
/
|
DECLARE
v_name VARCHAR2(100);
v_age NUMBER;
v_error NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT name, age INTO v_name, v_age FROM employees WHERE id = 1;
IF v_age < 18 THEN
v_error := 101;
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee is under 18 years old.');
END IF;
END;
/
|
DECLARE
@v_salary FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_salary = salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = 1;
IF @v_salary < 10000 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Salary is too low for employee 1', 16, 1);
END
UPDATE employees SET salary = @v_salary * 1.1 WHERE employee_id = 1;
COMMIT;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20000 No employee found with employee_id 1', 16, 1);
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO v_salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = 1;
IF v_salary < 10000 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Salary is too low for employee 1');
END IF;
UPDATE employees SET salary = v_salary * 1.1 WHERE employee_id = 1;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, 'No employee found with employee_id 1');
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = emp_id, @v_salary = salary FROM employees WHERE last_name = 'Smith';
IF v_salary > 10000 BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = v_salary + 1000 WHERE emp_id = @v_emp_id;
END
ELSE BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = v_salary - 1000 WHERE emp_id = @v_emp_id;
END
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with the last name Smith.');
END
WHEN TOO_MANY_ROWS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('More than one employee found with the last name Smith.');
END;
/
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT emp_id, salary INTO v_emp_id, v_salary FROM employees WHERE last_name = 'Smith';
IF v_salary > 10000 THEN
UPDATE employees SET salary = v_salary + 1000 WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
ELSE
UPDATE employees SET salary = v_salary - 1000 WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with the last name Smith.');
WHEN TOO_MANY_ROWS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('More than one employee found with the last name Smith.');
END;
/
|
CREATE PROCEDURE AddEmployee(@fname IN AS VARCHAR2, lname IN VARCHAR2, salary IN NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
*** oyee into the database
INSERT INTO employees (first_name, last_name, salary)
VALUES (fname, lname, salary);
-- Co... ***
COMMIT;
END;
CREATE FUNCTION GetEmployeeName(@emp_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN VARCHAR2
RETURN NULL;
END;
IS
emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
*** s name from the database
SELECT @emp_name = isnull(first_name, '') + ' ' + isnull(last_name, '')
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
*** ee's name
RETURN emp_name;
END;
DECLARE
@emp_count FLOAT;
BEGIN
*** employees in the database
SELECT @emp_count = COUNT(*) FROM employees;
*** of employees
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total number of employees: ' + isnull(@emp_count, ''));
END;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
*** when no data is found
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employees found');
END
END;
|
PROCEDURE AddEmployee(fname IN VARCHAR2, lname IN VARCHAR2, salary IN NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
-- Insert a new employee into the database
INSERT INTO employees (first_name, last_name, salary)
VALUES (fname, lname, salary);
-- Commit the changes
COMMIT;
END;
FUNCTION GetEmployeeName(emp_id IN NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2
IS
emp_name VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
-- Get the employee's name from the database
SELECT first_name || ' ' || last_name
INTO emp_name
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
-- Return the employee's name
RETURN emp_name;
END;
DECLARE
emp_count NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Get the count of employees in the database
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO emp_count FROM employees;
-- Output the count of employees
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total number of employees: ' || emp_count);
END;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
-- Handle the error when no data is found
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employees found');
END;
|
sql
IF OBJECT_ID('my_proc', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE my_proc;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE my_proc(@p_num IN AS NUMBER) AS
v_sum NUMBER;
BEGIN
set @v_sum = 0;
WHILE p_num > 0 BEGIN
set @v_sum = v_sum + p_num % 10;
set @p_num = p_num / 10;
END;
IF v_sum > 10 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Sum of digits is greater than 10', 16, 1);
END
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Sum of digits: ' + isnull(v_sum, ''));
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
| sql
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE my_proc(p_num IN NUMBER) AS
v_sum NUMBER;
BEGIN
v_sum := 0;
WHILE p_num > 0 LOOP
v_sum := v_sum + p_num % 10;
p_num := p_num / 10;
END LOOP;
IF v_sum > 10 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Sum of digits is greater than 10');
END IF;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Sum of digits: ' || v_sum);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('Add_Employee', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE Add_Employee;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE Add_Employee(
@first_name VARCHAR(4000),
@last_name VARCHAR(4000),
@department_id FLOAT,
@salary FLOAT,
@job_id VARCHAR(4000))
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
INSERT INTO employees(first_name, last_name, department_id, salary, job_id)
VALUES(@first_name, @last_name, @department_id, @salary, @job_id);
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
IF OBJECT_ID('Get_Employee_Name', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION Get_Employee_Name;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION Get_Employee_Name(
@employee_id FLOAT)
RETURNS VARCHAR(4000)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @emp_name VARCHAR(50);
SELECT @emp_name = isnull(first_name, '') + ' ' + isnull(last_name, '')
FROM employees
WHERE @employee_id = @employee_id;
RETURN @emp_name;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN NULL;
END
END;
DECLARE
@sal FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @sal = salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 100;
IF @sal > 10000 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee earns more than $10,000');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee earns less than or equal to $10,000');
END
END;
DECLARE
@emp_name VARCHAR(50);
BEGIN
SELECT @emp_name = isnull(first_name, '') + ' ' + isnull(last_name, '')
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 100;
IF @emp_name IS NULL BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee name: ' + isnull(@emp_name, ''));
END
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE Add_Employee(
first_name VARCHAR2,
last_name VARCHAR2,
department_id NUMBER,
salary NUMBER,
job_id VARCHAR2)
IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees(first_name, last_name, department_id, salary, job_id)
VALUES(first_name, last_name, department_id, salary, job_id);
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION Get_Employee_Name(
employee_id NUMBER)
RETURN VARCHAR2
IS
emp_name VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
SELECT first_name || ' ' || last_name
INTO emp_name
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
RETURN emp_name;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN NULL;
END;
DECLARE
sal NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary
INTO sal
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 100;
IF sal > 10000 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee earns more than $10,000');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee earns less than or equal to $10,000');
END IF;
END;
DECLARE
emp_name VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
SELECT first_name || ' ' || last_name
INTO emp_name
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 100;
IF emp_name IS NULL THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee name: ' || emp_name);
END IF;
END;
|
BEGIN
DECLARE @v_empno FLOAT;
DECLARE @v_salary FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_empno = empno, @v_salary = salary
FROM emp
WHERE empno = 7839;
IF @v_salary > 10000 BEGIN
UPDATE emp
SET salary = @v_salary * 1.10
WHERE empno = @v_empno;
COMMIT;
END
ELSE BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Salary too low for raise', 16, 1);
END
END;
END; | BEGIN
DECLARE v_empno NUMBER;
DECLARE v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT empno, salary
INTO v_empno, v_salary
FROM emp
WHERE empno = 7839;
IF v_salary > 10000 THEN
UPDATE emp
SET salary = v_salary * 1.10
WHERE empno = v_empno;
COMMIT;
ELSE
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Salary too low for raise');
END IF;
END;
END; |
DECLARE
@l_num BIGINT;
BEGIN
SELECT @l_num = COUNT(*) FROM employees;
IF @l_num > 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employees table has rows.');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No rows in employees table.');
END
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found in employees table.');
END
END;
|
DECLARE
l_num NUMBER(10);
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO l_num FROM employees;
IF l_num > 0 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employees table has rows.');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No rows in employees table.');
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found in employees table.');
END;
|
BEGIN
DECLARE @x FLOAT := 10;
BEGIN
BEGIN
SET @x = @x + 1;
RAISERROR('-20001 Error in nested block', 16, 1);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
SET @x = @x - 1;
RAISE;
END;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
SET @x = @x - 2;
END;
END; | BEGIN
DECLARE x NUMBER := 10;
BEGIN
BEGIN
x := x + 1;
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Error in nested block');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
x := x - 1;
RAISE;
END;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
x := x - 2;
END;
END; |
sql
-- De... ***
SET @SERVEROUTPUT ON;
DECLARE
@v_deptno FLOAT := 10;
v_dname dbo.VARCHAR2(14);
v_loc dbo.VARCHAR2(13);
BEGIN
*** name and location corresponding to the department number
SELECT @v_dname = dname, @v_loc = loc
FROM dept
WHERE deptno = @v_deptno;
*** tment name and location
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Department Name: ' + isnull(v_dname, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Location: ' + isnull(v_loc, ''));
*** cenario (e.g., department not found)
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: Department not found.');
END
END;
/
| sql
-- Defined variables
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;
DECLARE
v_deptno NUMBER := 10;
v_dname VARCHAR2(14);
v_loc VARCHAR2(13);
BEGIN
-- Select department name and location corresponding to the department number
SELECT dname, loc
INTO v_dname, v_loc
FROM dept
WHERE deptno = v_deptno;
-- Display the department name and location
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Department Name: ' || v_dname);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Location: ' || v_loc);
-- Handle an error scenario (e.g., department not found)
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: Department not found.');
END;
/
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_salary', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(@emp_id FLOAT) RETURNS FLOAT AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @salary FLOAT;
SELECT @salary = @salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = @emp_id;
RETURN @salary;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN NULL;
END
END;
DECLARE
@employee_id FLOAT := 10;
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SET @salary = dbo.get_employee_salary(@employee_id);
IF salary IS NULL BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' + isnull(salary, ''));
END
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(emp_id NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN salary;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN NULL;
END;
DECLARE
employee_id NUMBER := 10;
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
salary := get_employee_salary(employee_id);
IF salary IS NULL THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' || salary);
END IF;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE update_salaries
(
@IN old_salary AS @IN NUMBER,
IN increase_percent IN NUMBER
)
IS
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE salary = old_salary;
UPDATE employees
SET salary = v_salary * (1 + increase_percent / 100)
WHERE salary = old_salary;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE update_salaries
(
IN old_salary IN NUMBER,
IN increase_percent IN NUMBER
)
IS
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary
INTO v_salary
FROM employees
WHERE salary = old_salary;
UPDATE employees
SET salary = v_salary * (1 + increase_percent / 100)
WHERE salary = old_salary;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
v_emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = emp_id, @v_emp_name = emp_name FROM employees WHERE emp_id = 10;
IF @v_emp_id IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee: ' + isnull(@v_emp_id, '') + ', ' + isnull(v_emp_name, ''));
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_emp_name VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT emp_id, emp_name INTO v_emp_id, v_emp_name FROM employees WHERE emp_id = 10;
IF v_emp_id IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee: ' || v_emp_id || ', ' || v_emp_name);
END IF;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_num1 FLOAT;
v_num2 NUMBER;
BEGIN
SET @v_num1 = 10;
SET @v_num2 = 20;
IF @v_num1 > v_num2 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('v_num1 is greater than v_num2');
END
ELSE IF @v_num1 < v_num2 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('v_num1 is less than v_num2');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('v_num1 is equal to v_num2');
END
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
DECLARE
v_num1 NUMBER;
v_num2 NUMBER;
BEGIN
v_num1 := 10;
v_num2 := 20;
IF v_num1 > v_num2 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('v_num1 is greater than v_num2');
ELSIF v_num1 < v_num2 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('v_num1 is less than v_num2');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('v_num1 is equal to v_num2');
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_salary', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(@employee_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END;
AS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
RETURN salary;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN NULL;
END
END;
IF OBJECT_ID('update_employee_salary', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE update_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(@employee_id IN AS NUMBER, new_salary IN NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees
SET salary = new_salary
WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
COMMIT;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
@salary FLOAT;
BEGIN
SET @salary = dbo.get_employee_salary(100);
IF @salary IS NULL BEGIN
RAISE NO_DATA_FOUND;
END
dbo.update_employee_salary(100, @salary + 1000);
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
NULL;
END
END;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(employee_id IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER
AS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
RETURN salary;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN NULL;
END;
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(employee_id IN NUMBER, new_salary IN NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees
SET salary = new_salary
WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
COMMIT;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
salary := get_employee_salary(100);
IF salary IS NULL THEN
RAISE NO_DATA_FOUND;
END IF;
update_employee_salary(100, salary + 1000);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
NULL;
END;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_deptno FLOAT := 20;
v_sal SET @NUMBER = 10000;
v_comm NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_comm = comm FROM emp WHERE deptno = @v_deptno AND sal >= v_sal;
IF v_comm IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 No employee found with specified criteria', 16, 1);
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Commission: ' + isnull(v_comm, ''));
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_deptno NUMBER := 20;
v_sal NUMBER := 10000;
v_comm NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT comm INTO v_comm FROM emp WHERE deptno = v_deptno AND sal >= v_sal;
IF v_comm IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'No employee found with specified criteria');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Commission: ' || v_comm);
END IF;
END;
|
BEGIN
-- De... ***
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
*** nd salary from user
SELECT @v_emp_id = employee_id, @v_salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'Scott';
*** exists
IF @v_emp_id IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
*** aise
UPDATE employees
SET salary = v_salary * 1.10
WHERE employee_id = @v_emp_id;
-- Co... ***
COMMIT;
*** ccessful update
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee salary updated successfully.');
EXCEPTION
-- Ha... ***
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred while updating employee salary.');
END;
END; | BEGIN
-- Declare variables
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Get employee ID and salary from user
SELECT employee_id, salary
INTO v_emp_id, v_salary
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'Scott';
-- Check if employee exists
IF v_emp_id IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
-- Give employee a raise
UPDATE employees
SET salary = v_salary * 1.10
WHERE employee_id = v_emp_id;
-- Commit changes
COMMIT;
-- Notify user of successful update
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee salary updated successfully.');
EXCEPTION
-- Handle errors
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred while updating employee salary.');
END;
END; |
CREATE PROCEDURE p_insert_employee(
@e_empno in AS number,
e_ename in varchar2,
e_job in varchar2,
e_mgr in number,
e_hiredate in date
)
IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (empno, ename, job, mgr, hiredate)
VALUES (e_empno, e_ename, e_job, e_mgr, e_hiredate);
END p_insert_employee;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE p_insert_employee(
e_empno in number,
e_ename in varchar2,
e_job in varchar2,
e_mgr in number,
e_hiredate in date
)
IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (empno, ename, job, mgr, hiredate)
VALUES (e_empno, e_ename, e_job, e_mgr, e_hiredate);
END p_insert_employee;
|
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(@employee_id FLOAT) RETURNS FLOAT AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @salary FLOAT;
SELECT @salary = @salary
FROM employees
WHERE @employee_id = @employee_id;
RETURN @salary;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN NULL;
END
END;
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(@employee_id FLOAT, @salary FLOAT) AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
UPDATE employees
SET salary = @salary
WHERE @employee_id = @employee_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
RAISERROR('-20001 Duplicate value on unique index', 16, 1);
END;
|
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(employee_id NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
RETURN salary;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN NULL;
END;
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(employee_id NUMBER, salary NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees
SET salary = salary
WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Duplicate value on unique index');
END;
|
BEGIN
-- De... ***
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(100);
v_salary NUMBER;
-- Ge... ***
SELECT @v_emp_id = emp_id, @v_emp_name = emp_name, @v_salary = salary FROM employees WHERE emp_id = 1;
*** exists
IF v_emp_id IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found with ID: ' + ISNULL(CONVERT(VARCHAR, v_emp_id), ''), 16, 1);
END
*** alary
UPDATE employees SET salary = v_salary * 1.10 WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
-- Co... ***
COMMIT;
*** ployee data
RETURN isnull(v_emp_name, '') + ' salary updated to ' + ISNULL(CONVERT(VARCHAR, v_salary * 1.10), '');
END; | BEGIN
-- Declare variables
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_emp_name VARCHAR2(100);
v_salary NUMBER;
-- Get employee data
SELECT emp_id, emp_name, salary INTO v_emp_id, v_emp_name, v_salary FROM employees WHERE emp_id = 1;
-- Check if employee exists
IF v_emp_id IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found with ID: ' || TO_CHAR(v_emp_id));
END IF;
-- Update employee salary
UPDATE employees SET salary = v_salary * 1.10 WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
-- Commit changes
COMMIT;
-- Return updated employee data
RETURN v_emp_name || ' salary updated to ' || TO_CHAR(v_salary * 1.10);
END; |
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_name', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employee_name;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_name(@id FLOAT) RETURNS VARCHAR(4000) AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @name VARCHAR(100);
SELECT @name = @name FROM employees WHERE @id = @id;
RETURN @name;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN NULL;
END
END;
GO
DECLARE
@emp_name VARCHAR(100);
BEGIN
SET @emp_name = dbo.get_employee_name(100);
IF @emp_name IS NOT NULL BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee name: ' + isnull(@emp_name, ''));
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END
END;
/
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employee_name(id NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
name VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
SELECT name INTO name FROM employees WHERE id = id;
RETURN name;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN NULL;
END;
/
DECLARE
emp_name VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
emp_name := get_employee_name(100);
IF emp_name IS NOT NULL THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee name: ' || emp_name);
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END IF;
END;
/
|
CREATE FUNCTION get_emp_salary (@emp_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END; IS
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_salary = salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN v_salary;
END get_emp_salary;
DECLARE
@l_emp_id FLOAT := 123;
l_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SET @l_salary = dbo.get_emp_salary(@l_emp_id);
IF l_salary IS NULL BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee salary: ' + isnull(l_salary, ''));
END
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred');
END;
|
CREATE FUNCTION get_emp_salary (emp_id IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO v_salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN v_salary;
END get_emp_salary;
DECLARE
l_emp_id NUMBER := 123;
l_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
l_salary := get_emp_salary(l_emp_id);
IF l_salary IS NULL THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee salary: ' || l_salary);
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred');
END;
|
sql
IF OBJECT_ID('GetCustomerOrders', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION GetCustomerOrders;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION GetCustomerOrders(@p_cust_id IN NUMBERDECLARE )
RETURN
BEGIN SYS_REFCURSOR
RETURN NULL;
END;
AS
l_orders SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
SELECT * FROM orders WHERE customer_id = p_cust_id;
RETURN l_orders;
END;
DECLARE
@l_cursor SYS_REFCURSOR;
l_row owa.rowtype;
BEGIN
SELECT * FROM customers;
WHILE 1=1 BEGIN
FETCH l_cursor INTO @l_row;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BREAK;
*** data here
END;
CLOSE l_cursor;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- Er... ***
-- ..... ***
RAISE;
END;
| sql
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION GetCustomerOrders(p_cust_id IN NUMBER)
RETURN SYS_REFCURSOR
AS
l_orders SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
OPEN l_orders FOR
SELECT * FROM orders WHERE customer_id = p_cust_id;
RETURN l_orders;
END;
DECLARE
l_cursor SYS_REFCURSOR;
l_row owa.rowtype;
BEGIN
OPEN l_cursor FOR SELECT * FROM customers;
LOOP
FETCH l_cursor INTO l_row;
EXIT WHEN l_cursor%NOTFOUND;
-- Process customer data here
END LOOP;
CLOSE l_cursor;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- Error handling
-- ...
RAISE;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE UpdateEmployeeSalary(
@emp_id IN AS NUMBER,
new_salary IN NUMBER
) AS
*** iables
old_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Ge... ***
SELECT @old_salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
-- Up... ***
UPDATE employees
SET salary = new_salary
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
*** n if the salary was not updated
IF old_salary = new_salary BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Salary was not updated', 16, 1);
END
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE UpdateEmployeeSalary(
emp_id IN NUMBER,
new_salary IN NUMBER
) AS
-- Declare local variables
old_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Get the old salary
SELECT salary INTO old_salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
-- Update the salary
UPDATE employees
SET salary = new_salary
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
-- Raise an exception if the salary was not updated
IF old_salary = new_salary THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Salary was not updated');
END IF;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary
(@p_emp_id IN AS NUMBER, p_salary IN NUMBER)
AS
-- Lo... ***
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
*** mployee's salary
SELECT @v_salary = salary FROM employees WHERE emp_id = p_emp_id;
*** ee's salary
UPDATE employees SET salary = p_salary WHERE emp_id = p_emp_id;
-- Co... ***
COMMIT;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
*** with the specified ID
RAISERROR('-20001 No employee found with ID ' + isnull(p_emp_id, ''), 16, 1);
END
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
*** value
RAISERROR('-20002 Duplicate salary value', 16, 1);
END update_employee_salary;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary
(p_emp_id IN NUMBER, p_salary IN NUMBER)
AS
-- Local variables
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Get the current employee's salary
SELECT salary INTO v_salary FROM employees WHERE emp_id = p_emp_id;
-- Update the employee's salary
UPDATE employees SET salary = p_salary WHERE emp_id = p_emp_id;
-- Commit the changes
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
-- No employee found with the specified ID
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'No employee found with ID ' || p_emp_id);
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
-- Duplicate salary value
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20002, 'Duplicate salary value');
END update_employee_salary;
|
DECLARE
@salary FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @salary = @salary FROM employees WHERE emp_id = 1;
IF @salary > 10000 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary is greater than 10000');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary is less than or equal to 10000');
END
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with emp_id = 1');
END
END;
|
DECLARE
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO salary FROM employees WHERE emp_id = 1;
IF salary > 10000 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary is greater than 10000');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary is less than or equal to 10000');
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with emp_id = 1');
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('InsertEmployee', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE InsertEmployee;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE InsertEmployee(@p_empno IN AS NUMBER, p_ename IN VARCHAR2, p_job IN VARCHAR2, p_mgr IN NUMBER DEFAULT NULL, p_hiredate IN DATE DEFAULT GETDATE(), p_sal IN NUMBER DEFAULT 0, p_comm IN NUMBER DEFAULT NULL, p_deptno IN NUMBER DEFAULT NULL)
IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (empno, ename, job, mgr, hiredate, sal, comm, deptno)
VALUES (p_empno, p_ename, p_job, p_mgr, p_hiredate, p_sal, p_comm, p_deptno);
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE InsertEmployee(p_empno IN NUMBER, p_ename IN VARCHAR2, p_job IN VARCHAR2, p_mgr IN NUMBER DEFAULT NULL, p_hiredate IN DATE DEFAULT SYSDATE, p_sal IN NUMBER DEFAULT 0, p_comm IN NUMBER DEFAULT NULL, p_deptno IN NUMBER DEFAULT NULL)
IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (empno, ename, job, mgr, hiredate, sal, comm, deptno)
VALUES (p_empno, p_ename, p_job, p_mgr, p_hiredate, p_sal, p_comm, p_deptno);
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
v_emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = emp_id, @v_emp_name = emp_name FROM employees WHERE emp_id = 100;
IF @v_emp_id IS NOT NULL BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET emp_name = 'New Name' WHERE emp_id = @v_emp_id;
COMMIT;
END
ELSE BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_emp_name VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT emp_id, emp_name INTO v_emp_id, v_emp_name FROM employees WHERE emp_id = 100;
IF v_emp_id IS NOT NULL THEN
UPDATE employees SET emp_name = 'New Name' WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
COMMIT;
ELSE
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_salary', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(@emp_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END; IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN salary;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN -1;
END
END;
IF OBJECT_ID('update_employee_salary', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE update_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(@emp_id IN AS NUMBER, new_salary IN NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees
SET salary = new_salary
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
RAISERROR('-20001 Duplicate value found on unique index', 16, 1);
END;
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT;
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SET @emp_id = 100;
SET @salary = dbo.get_employee_salary(@emp_id);
IF salary = -1 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' + isnull(salary, ''));
dbo.UPDATE_EMPLOYEE_SALARY(@emp_id, salary + 100);
END
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(emp_id IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN salary;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN -1;
END;
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(emp_id IN NUMBER, new_salary IN NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees
SET salary = new_salary
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Duplicate value found on unique index');
END;
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER;
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
emp_id := 100;
salary := get_employee_salary(emp_id);
IF salary = -1 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' || salary);
UPDATE_EMPLOYEE_SALARY(emp_id, salary + 100);
END IF;
END;
|
BEGIN
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT;
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @emp_id = employee_id, @salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 1;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
NULL;
END
END;
IF salary IS NOT NULL BEGIN
UPDATE employees
SET salary = salary * 1.10
WHERE employee_id = @emp_id;
END
END; | BEGIN
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER;
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT employee_id, salary
INTO emp_id, salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 1;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
NULL;
END;
IF salary IS NOT NULL THEN
UPDATE employees
SET salary = salary * 1.10
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
END IF;
END; |
BEGIN
DECLARE
@v_empid INT;
v_empname dbo.VARCHAR2(50);
v_salary ROW_NUMBER(10,2);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_empid = eno, @v_empname = ename, @v_salary = sal FROM emp WHERE eno = 7839;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Id: ' + isnull(@v_empid, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' + isnull(v_empname, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' + isnull(v_salary, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with id 7839');
END
END;
END; | BEGIN
DECLARE
v_empid NUMBER(6);
v_empname VARCHAR2(50);
v_salary NUMBER(10,2);
BEGIN
SELECT eno, ename, sal INTO v_empid, v_empname, v_salary FROM emp WHERE eno = 7839;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Id: ' || v_empid);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' || v_empname);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' || v_salary);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with id 7839');
END;
END; |
CREATE TABLE emp (id FLOAT, name VARCHAR(25), sal FLOAT, deptno FLOAT, PRIMARY KEY (id));
CREATE TABLE dept (deptno FLOAT, dname VARCHAR(25), loc VARCHAR(25), PRIMARY KEY (deptno));
INSERT INTO emp (id, name, sal, deptno) VALUES (1, 'John Doe', 1000, 10);
INSERT INTO emp (id, name, sal, deptno) VALUES (2, 'Jane Doe', 1200, 10);
INSERT INTO emp (id, name, sal, deptno) VALUES (3, 'John Smith', 1400, 20);
INSERT INTO emp (id, name, sal, deptno) VALUES (4, 'Jane Smith', 1600, 20);
INSERT INTO dept (deptno, dname, loc) VALUES (10, 'Sales', 'New York');
INSERT INTO dept (deptno, dname, loc) VALUES (20, 'Marketing', 'San Francisco');
DECLARE
@l_sal FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @l_sal = sal FROM emp WHERE id = 1;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary of employee with ID 1: ' + isnull(@l_sal, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with ID 1.');
END
END;
CREATE PROCEDURE give_raise(@p_id FLOAT, @p_raise FLOAT)
AS
l_sal NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @l_sal = sal FROM emp WHERE id = p_id;
UPDATE emp SET sal = l_sal + p_raise WHERE id = p_id;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ' + isnull(p_id, '') + ' received a raise of ' + isnull(p_raise, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with ID ' + isnull(p_id, ''));
END
END give_raise; | CREATE TABLE emp (id NUMBER, name VARCHAR2(25), sal NUMBER, deptno NUMBER, PRIMARY KEY (id));
CREATE TABLE dept (deptno NUMBER, dname VARCHAR2(25), loc VARCHAR2(25), PRIMARY KEY (deptno));
INSERT INTO emp (id, name, sal, deptno) VALUES (1, 'John Doe', 1000, 10);
INSERT INTO emp (id, name, sal, deptno) VALUES (2, 'Jane Doe', 1200, 10);
INSERT INTO emp (id, name, sal, deptno) VALUES (3, 'John Smith', 1400, 20);
INSERT INTO emp (id, name, sal, deptno) VALUES (4, 'Jane Smith', 1600, 20);
INSERT INTO dept (deptno, dname, loc) VALUES (10, 'Sales', 'New York');
INSERT INTO dept (deptno, dname, loc) VALUES (20, 'Marketing', 'San Francisco');
DECLARE
l_sal NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT sal INTO l_sal FROM emp WHERE id = 1;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary of employee with ID 1: ' || l_sal);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with ID 1.');
END;
PROCEDURE give_raise(p_id NUMBER, p_raise NUMBER)
AS
l_sal NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT sal INTO l_sal FROM emp WHERE id = p_id;
UPDATE emp SET sal = l_sal + p_raise WHERE id = p_id;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ' || p_id || ' received a raise of ' || p_raise);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with ID ' || p_id);
END give_raise; |
DECLARE
@v_employee_id FLOAT;
v_employee_name dbo.VARCHAR2(50);
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_employee_id = employee_id, @v_employee_name = employee_name, @v_salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 10;
IF v_salary > 5000 BEGIN
UPDATE employees
SET salary = v_salary * 1.10
WHERE employee_id = @v_employee_id;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary updated successfully.');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary is not eligible for increment.');
END
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with the given ID.');
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_employee_id NUMBER;
v_employee_name VARCHAR2(50);
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT employee_id, employee_name, salary
INTO v_employee_id, v_employee_name, v_salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 10;
IF v_salary > 5000 THEN
UPDATE employees
SET salary = v_salary * 1.10
WHERE employee_id = v_employee_id;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary updated successfully.');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary is not eligible for increment.');
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with the given ID.');
END;
|
BEGIN
-- De... ***
l_emp_id NUMBER;
l_salary NUMBER;
*** and salary
SELECT @l_emp_id = employee_id, @l_salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'Smith';
-- Up... ***
UPDATE employees
SET salary = l_salary * 1.10
WHERE employee_id = l_emp_id;
-- Co... ***
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- Ha... ***
ROLLBACK;
RAISERROR('-20000 Error updating salary', 16, 1);
END;
|
BEGIN
-- Declare variables
l_emp_id NUMBER;
l_salary NUMBER;
-- Input employee ID and salary
SELECT employee_id, salary
INTO l_emp_id, l_salary
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'Smith';
-- Update salary
UPDATE employees
SET salary = l_salary * 1.10
WHERE employee_id = l_emp_id;
-- Commit changes
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- Handle errors
ROLLBACK;
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, 'Error updating salary');
END;
|
*** to transfer funds between accounts
IF OBJECT_ID('transfer_funds', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE transfer_funds;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE transfer_funds (
@sender_id IN AS NUMBER,
receiver_id IN NUMBER,
amount IN NUMBER
)
IS
l_sender_balance NUMBER;
l_receiver_balance NUMBER;
BEGIN
*** nce
SELECT @l_sender_balance = balance
FROM accounts
WHERE account_id = sender_id;
*** lance
SELECT @l_receiver_balance = balance
FROM accounts
WHERE account_id = receiver_id;
-- Tr... ***
UPDATE accounts
SET balance = l_sender_balance - amount
WHERE account_id = sender_id;
UPDATE accounts
SET balance = l_receiver_balance + amount
WHERE account_id = receiver_id;
END;
*** late the total balance of all accounts
IF OBJECT_ID('get_total_balance', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_total_balance;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_total_balance ()
RETURNS FLOAT
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @l_total_balance FLOAT;
SELECT @l_total_balance = SUM(balance)
FROM accounts;
RETURN @l_total_balance;
END;
*** create a new account
INSERT INTO accounts (account_id, name, balance)
VALUES (5, 'John Doe', 1000);
*** truct to handle an error
BEGIN
*** ause an error
UPDATE accounts
SET balance = balance - 1000
WHERE account_id = 1;
-- Er... ***
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20000 Account not found', 16, 1);
END
END;
|
-- Stored Procedure to transfer funds between accounts
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE transfer_funds (
sender_id IN NUMBER,
receiver_id IN NUMBER,
amount IN NUMBER
)
IS
l_sender_balance NUMBER;
l_receiver_balance NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Get sender's balance
SELECT balance INTO l_sender_balance
FROM accounts
WHERE account_id = sender_id;
-- Get receiver's balance
SELECT balance INTO l_receiver_balance
FROM accounts
WHERE account_id = receiver_id;
-- Transfer funds
UPDATE accounts
SET balance = l_sender_balance - amount
WHERE account_id = sender_id;
UPDATE accounts
SET balance = l_receiver_balance + amount
WHERE account_id = receiver_id;
END;
-- Function to calculate the total balance of all accounts
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_total_balance ()
RETURN NUMBER
IS
l_total_balance NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT SUM(balance) INTO l_total_balance
FROM accounts;
RETURN l_total_balance;
END;
-- SQL statement to create a new account
INSERT INTO accounts (account_id, name, balance)
VALUES (5, 'John Doe', 1000);
-- Control flow construct to handle an error
BEGIN
-- Code that might cause an error
UPDATE accounts
SET balance = balance - 1000
WHERE account_id = 1;
-- Error handling
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, 'Account not found');
END;
|
BEGIN
-- De... ***
v_employee_id NUMBER;
v_salary NUMBER;
*** nd salary
SELECT @v_employee_id = employee_id, @v_salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'King';
*** exists
IF v_employee_id IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
-- Up... ***
UPDATE employees
SET salary = v_salary + 1000
WHERE employee_id = v_employee_id;
-- Co... ***
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END; | BEGIN
-- Declare variables
v_employee_id NUMBER;
v_salary NUMBER;
-- Get employee ID and salary
SELECT employee_id, salary
INTO v_employee_id, v_salary
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'King';
-- Check if employee exists
IF v_employee_id IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
-- Update salary
UPDATE employees
SET salary = v_salary + 1000
WHERE employee_id = v_employee_id;
-- Commit changes
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END; |
IF OBJECT_ID('get_product_name', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_product_name;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_product_name(@product_id FLOAT) RETURNS VARCHAR(4000) AS
BEGIN
DECLARE
@product_name VARCHAR(100);
BEGIN
SELECT @product_name = name FROM products WHERE @product_id = @product_id;
RETURN @product_name;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN NULL;
END
END;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_product_name(product_id NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2 AS
BEGIN
DECLARE
product_name VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
SELECT name INTO product_name FROM products WHERE product_id = product_id;
RETURN product_name;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN NULL;
END;
END;
|
BEGIN
DECLARE
@CURSOR emp_salaries IS
SELECT employee_id, salary
FROM employees;
emp_salary emp_salaries%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
OPEN emp_salaries;
FETCH emp_salaries INTO @emp_salary;
WHILE emp_salaries%FOUND BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' + isnull(emp_salary.employee_id, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' + isnull(emp_salary.salary, ''));
FETCH emp_salaries INTO @emp_salary;
END;
CLOSE emp_salaries;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employees found');
END
END;
END; | BEGIN
DECLARE
CURSOR emp_salaries IS
SELECT employee_id, salary
FROM employees;
emp_salary emp_salaries%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
OPEN emp_salaries;
FETCH emp_salaries INTO emp_salary;
WHILE emp_salaries%FOUND LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' || emp_salary.employee_id);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' || emp_salary.salary);
FETCH emp_salaries INTO emp_salary;
END LOOP;
CLOSE emp_salaries;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employees found');
END;
END; |
IF OBJECT_ID('UpdateEmployeeSalary', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE UpdateEmployeeSalary;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE UpdateEmployeeSalary(
@emp_id IN AS NUMBER,
new_salary IN NUMBER)
IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
IF OBJECT_ID('GetEmployeeName', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION GetEmployeeName;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION GetEmployeeName(
@emp_id IN NUMBERDECLARE )
RETURN
BEGIN VARCHAR2
RETURN NULL;
END;
IS
emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
SELECT @emp_name = isnull(first_name, '') + ' ' + isnull(last_name, '') FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN emp_name;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT := 100;
new_salary SET @NUMBER = 50000;
emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
dbo.UPDATEEmployeeSalary(@emp_id, new_salary);
SET @emp_name = dbo.GetEmployeeName(@emp_id);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ' + isnull(emp_name, '') + ' salary updated to ' + isnull(new_salary, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee with ID ' + isnull(@emp_id, '') + ' not found');
END
END;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE UpdateEmployeeSalary(
emp_id IN NUMBER,
new_salary IN NUMBER)
IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION GetEmployeeName(
emp_id IN NUMBER)
RETURN VARCHAR2
IS
emp_name VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
SELECT first_name || ' ' || last_name INTO emp_name FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN emp_name;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER := 100;
new_salary NUMBER := 50000;
emp_name VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
UPDATEEmployeeSalary(emp_id, new_salary);
emp_name := GetEmployeeName(emp_id);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ' || emp_name || ' salary updated to ' || new_salary);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee with ID ' || emp_id || ' not found');
END;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('UpdateProductPrice', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE UpdateProductPrice;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE UpdateProductPrice
(@product_name VARCHAR(4000),
@new_price FLOAT)
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
UPDATE products
SET price = @new_price
WHERE name = @product_name;
COMMIT;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0
BEGIN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Product not found');
END
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE UpdateProductPrice
(product_name VARCHAR2,
new_price NUMBER)
IS
BEGIN
UPDATE products
SET price = new_price
WHERE name = product_name;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND
THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Product not found');
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('emp_update_salary', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE emp_update_salary;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE emp_update_salary(
@emp_id IN AS NUMBER,
salary IN NUMBER,
out_msg OUT VARCHAR2)
IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * ?
WHERE employee_id = ?;
set @out_msg = 'Salary updated successfully.';
WHEN TOO_MANY_ROWS THEN
set @out_msg = 'More than one row affected. Operation aborted.';
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
set @out_msg = 'No employee found with the specified ID.';
END
WHEN OTHERS THEN
set @out_msg = 'An unexpected error occurred. Please contact your system administrator.';
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE emp_update_salary(
emp_id IN NUMBER,
salary IN NUMBER,
out_msg OUT VARCHAR2)
IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * ?
WHERE employee_id = ?;
out_msg := 'Salary updated successfully.';
EXCEPTION
WHEN TOO_MANY_ROWS THEN
out_msg := 'More than one row affected. Operation aborted.';
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
out_msg := 'No employee found with the specified ID.';
WHEN OTHERS THEN
out_msg := 'An unexpected error occurred. Please contact your system administrator.';
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_id FLOAT := 1;
v_name dbo.VARCHAR2(50);
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
*** etails from a table
SELECT @v_name = name, @v_salary = salary FROM employees WHERE id = @v_id;
*** exists
IF v_name IS NULL BEGIN
*** d, raise an error
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee with ID ' + isnull(@v_id, '') + ' not found.', 16, 1);
END
*** salary
UPDATE employees SET salary = v_salary + 100 WHERE id = @v_id;
*** the database
COMMIT;
*** sage
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee details updated successfully.');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
*** errors
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
DECLARE
v_id NUMBER := 1;
v_name VARCHAR2(50);
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Select employee details from a table
SELECT name, salary INTO v_name, v_salary FROM employees WHERE id = v_id;
-- Check if employee exists
IF v_name IS NULL THEN
-- Employee not found, raise an error
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee with ID ' || v_id || ' not found.');
END IF;
-- Update employee's salary
UPDATE employees SET salary = v_salary + 100 WHERE id = v_id;
-- Commit changes to the database
COMMIT;
-- Print success message
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee details updated successfully.');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- Handle any other errors
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
CREATE TABLE test_table (
id FLOAT,
name VARCHAR(255)
);
INSERT INTO test_table (id, name) VALUES (1, 'John');
INSERT INTO test_table (id, name) VALUES (2, 'Mary');
INSERT INTO test_table (id, name) VALUES (3, 'Bob');
CREATE PROCEDURE get_name (
@id IN AS NUMBER,
name OUT VARCHAR2
) IS
BEGIN
SELECT @name = name FROM test_table WHERE id = id;
END;
CREATE FUNCTION get_id (
@name IN VARCHAR2
DECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END; IS
id NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @id = id FROM test_table WHERE name = name;
RETURN id;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE @i INT = 1 ;
WHILE @i <= 3 BEGIN
DECLARE
@name VARCHAR(255);
BEGIN
dbo.get_name(i, @name);
dbms_output.put_line(@name);
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
dbms_output.put_line('Record not found');
END
END;
END;
END;
DROP TABLE test_table;
DROP PROCEDURE get_name;
DROP FUNCTION get_id;
|
CREATE TABLE test_table (
id NUMBER,
name VARCHAR2(255)
);
INSERT INTO test_table (id, name) VALUES (1, 'John');
INSERT INTO test_table (id, name) VALUES (2, 'Mary');
INSERT INTO test_table (id, name) VALUES (3, 'Bob');
CREATE PROCEDURE get_name (
id IN NUMBER,
name OUT VARCHAR2
) IS
BEGIN
SELECT name INTO name FROM test_table WHERE id = id;
END;
CREATE FUNCTION get_id (
name IN VARCHAR2
) RETURN NUMBER IS
id NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT id INTO id FROM test_table WHERE name = name;
RETURN id;
END;
BEGIN
FOR i IN 1 .. 3 LOOP
DECLARE
name VARCHAR2(255);
BEGIN
get_name(i, name);
dbms_output.put_line(name);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
dbms_output.put_line('Record not found');
END;
END LOOP;
END;
DROP TABLE test_table;
DROP PROCEDURE get_name;
DROP FUNCTION get_id;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('proc_example', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE proc_example;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE proc_example(@num1 IN AS NUMBER, num2 IN NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
IF num1 > num2 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Num1 is greater than num2');
END
ELSE IF num1 = num2 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Num1 is equal to num2');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Num1 is less than num2');
END
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found for the given parameters');
END
END;
/
DECLARE
@x FLOAT := 10;
y SET @NUMBER = 20;
BEGIN
dbo.proc_example(@x, y);
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE proc_example(num1 IN NUMBER, num2 IN NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
IF num1 > num2 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Num1 is greater than num2');
ELSIF num1 = num2 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Num1 is equal to num2');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Num1 is less than num2');
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found for the given parameters');
END;
/
DECLARE
x NUMBER := 10;
y NUMBER := 20;
BEGIN
proc_example(x, y);
END;
|
BEGIN
DECLARE
@id FLOAT;
name dbo.VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
SELECT @id = @id, @name = name FROM employees WHERE @id = 10;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Info: ' + isnull(@id, '') + ' - ' + isnull(name, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with ID 10');
END
END;
INSERT INTO employees (id, name) VALUES (11, 'New Employee');
DECLARE
@updated_rows FLOAT;
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET name = 'Updated Name' WHERE @id = 10;
SELECT @updated_rows = COUNT(*) FROM employees WHERE @id = 10;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Updated Rows: ' + isnull(@updated_rows, ''));
EXCEPTION
WHEN TOO_MANY_ROWS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Multiple rows updated with ID 10');
END;
END; | BEGIN
DECLARE
id NUMBER;
name VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
SELECT id, name INTO id, name FROM employees WHERE id = 10;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Info: ' || id || ' - ' || name);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with ID 10');
END;
INSERT INTO employees (id, name) VALUES (11, 'New Employee');
DECLARE
updated_rows NUMBER;
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET name = 'Updated Name' WHERE id = 10;
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO updated_rows FROM employees WHERE id = 10;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Updated Rows: ' || updated_rows);
EXCEPTION
WHEN TOO_MANY_ROWS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Multiple rows updated with ID 10');
END;
END; |
IF OBJECT_ID('update_employee', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE update_employee;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee(
@emp_id IN AS NUMBER,
first_name IN VARCHAR2,
last_name IN VARCHAR2,
commission_pct IN NUMBER
)
AS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees
SET first_name = first_name,
last_name = last_name,
commission_pct = commission_pct
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
/
DECLARE
@employee_id FLOAT := 200;
first_name dbo.VARCHAR2(20) := 'Alice';
last_name dbo.VARCHAR2(20) := 'Smith';
commission_pct SET @NUMBER = 0.1;
BEGIN
dbo.update_employee(@employee_id, first_name, last_name, commission_pct);
END;
/
SELECT * FROM employees WHERE @employee_id = 200;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_employee(
emp_id IN NUMBER,
first_name IN VARCHAR2,
last_name IN VARCHAR2,
commission_pct IN NUMBER
)
AS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees
SET first_name = first_name,
last_name = last_name,
commission_pct = commission_pct
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
/
DECLARE
employee_id NUMBER := 200;
first_name VARCHAR2(20) := 'Alice';
last_name VARCHAR2(20) := 'Smith';
commission_pct NUMBER := 0.1;
BEGIN
update_employee(employee_id, first_name, last_name, commission_pct);
END;
/
SELECT * FROM employees WHERE employee_id = 200;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_max_salary', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_max_salary;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_max_salary(@deptno IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END; IS
max_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @max_salary = MAX(salary) FROM employees WHERE department_id = deptno;
RETURN max_salary;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN NULL;
END
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE @bonus FLOAT;
DECLARE @error_msg VARCHAR(200);
BEGIN
SET @bonus = dbo.get_max_salary(20);
IF @bonus IS NULL BEGIN
SET @error_msg = 'No employees found in department 20';
RAISERROR(-20100, @error_msg, 16, 1);
END
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary + @bonus WHERE department_id = 20;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
SET @error_msg = SQLERRM;
RAISERROR(-20200, @error_msg, 16, 1);
END;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_max_salary(deptno IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS
max_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT MAX(salary) INTO max_salary FROM employees WHERE department_id = deptno;
RETURN max_salary;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN NULL;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE bonus NUMBER;
DECLARE error_msg VARCHAR2(200);
BEGIN
bonus := get_max_salary(20);
IF bonus IS NULL THEN
error_msg := 'No employees found in department 20';
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20100, error_msg);
END IF;
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary + bonus WHERE department_id = 20;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
error_msg := SQLERRM;
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20200, error_msg);
END;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_employee_id float;
v_employee_name dbo.varchar2(100);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_employee_id = employee_id, @v_employee_name = employee_name
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'King';
IF @v_employee_id IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20101 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
UPDATE employees
SET email = 'new_email@example.com'
WHERE employee_id = @v_employee_id;
END;
/
|
DECLARE
v_employee_id number;
v_employee_name varchar2(100);
BEGIN
SELECT employee_id, employee_name
INTO v_employee_id, v_employee_name
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'King';
IF v_employee_id IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20101, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
UPDATE employees
SET email = 'new_email@example.com'
WHERE employee_id = v_employee_id;
END;
/
|
CREATE TABLE customers (
id FLOAT PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
balance FLOAT DEFAULT 0
);
CREATE PROCEDURE deposit(@cust_id FLOAT, @amount FLOAT) AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
UPDATE customers SET balance = balance + @amount WHERE id = @cust_id;
END;
|
CREATE TABLE customers (
id NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR2(255) NOT NULL,
balance NUMBER DEFAULT 0
);
CREATE PROCEDURE deposit(cust_id NUMBER, amount NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE customers SET balance = balance + amount WHERE id = cust_id;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_id FLOAT;
v_name dbo.VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_id = id, @v_name = name FROM my_table WHERE id = 1;
IF v_name IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 No record found with id 1', 16, 1);
END
ELSE BEGIN
UPDATE my_table SET name = 'Updated Name' WHERE id = @v_id;
COMMIT;
END
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20002 No data found for given criteria', 16, 1);
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_id NUMBER;
v_name VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
SELECT id, name INTO v_id, v_name FROM my_table WHERE id = 1;
IF v_name IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'No record found with id 1');
ELSE
UPDATE my_table SET name = 'Updated Name' WHERE id = v_id;
COMMIT;
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20002, 'No data found for given criteria');
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = emp_id FROM employees WHERE last_name = 'King';
IF @v_emp_id IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
ELSE BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE emp_id = @v_emp_id;
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT emp_id INTO v_emp_id FROM employees WHERE last_name = 'King';
IF v_emp_id IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
ELSE
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
END IF;
END;
|
*** cedure to insert employee data
CREATE PROCEDURE InsertEmployee(
@p_empno IN AS NUMBER,
p_ename IN VARCHAR2,
p_job IN VARCHAR2,
p_mgr IN NUMBER,
p_hiredate IN DATE,
p_sal IN NUMBER,
p_comm IN NUMBER,
p_deptno IN NUMBER
)
IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees(empno, ename, job, mgr, hiredate, sal, comm, deptno)
VALUES (p_empno, p_ename, p_job, p_mgr, p_hiredate, p_sal, p_comm, p_deptno);
END;
*** dure to insert employee data
BEGIN
dbo.InsertEmployee(7935, 'SMITH', 'CLERK', 7369, '1980-12-17', 800, NULL, 20);
END;
*** o calculate bonus based on salary
CREATE FUNCTION CalculateBonus(@p_sal IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END;
IS
bonus NUMBER;
BEGIN
IF p_sal > 10000 BEGIN
set @bonus = p_sal * 0.10;
END
ELSE BEGIN
set @bonus = p_sal * 0.05;
END
RETURN bonus;
END;
*** ata and calculate bonus using function
SELECT empno, ename, sal, dbo.CalculateBonus(sal) AS bonus
FROM employees;
*** truct: IF-THEN-ELSE
DECLARE
@emp_salary FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @emp_salary = sal FROM employees WHERE empno = 7935;
IF @emp_salary > 10000 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee is eligible for a bonus.');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee is not eligible for a bonus.');
END
END;
*** AISE_APPLICATION_ERROR
BEGIN
*** record with invalid department number
INSERT INTO employees(empno, ename, job, mgr, hiredate, sal, comm, deptno)
VALUES (8000, 'NEW_EMP', 'CLERK', 7369, '2023-03-08', 900, NULL, 100);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISERROR('-20000 Invalid department number specified.', 16, 1);
END;
|
-- Create stored procedure to insert employee data
CREATE PROCEDURE InsertEmployee(
p_empno IN NUMBER,
p_ename IN VARCHAR2,
p_job IN VARCHAR2,
p_mgr IN NUMBER,
p_hiredate IN DATE,
p_sal IN NUMBER,
p_comm IN NUMBER,
p_deptno IN NUMBER
)
IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees(empno, ename, job, mgr, hiredate, sal, comm, deptno)
VALUES (p_empno, p_ename, p_job, p_mgr, p_hiredate, p_sal, p_comm, p_deptno);
END;
-- Call stored procedure to insert employee data
BEGIN
InsertEmployee(7935, 'SMITH', 'CLERK', 7369, '1980-12-17', 800, NULL, 20);
END;
-- Create function to calculate bonus based on salary
CREATE FUNCTION CalculateBonus(p_sal IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER
IS
bonus NUMBER;
BEGIN
IF p_sal > 10000 THEN
bonus := p_sal * 0.10;
ELSE
bonus := p_sal * 0.05;
END IF;
RETURN bonus;
END;
-- Select employee data and calculate bonus using function
SELECT empno, ename, sal, CalculateBonus(sal) AS bonus
FROM employees;
-- Control flow construct: IF-THEN-ELSE
DECLARE
emp_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT sal INTO emp_salary FROM employees WHERE empno = 7935;
IF emp_salary > 10000 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee is eligible for a bonus.');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee is not eligible for a bonus.');
END IF;
END;
-- Error handling: RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR
BEGIN
-- Attempt to insert record with invalid department number
INSERT INTO employees(empno, ename, job, mgr, hiredate, sal, comm, deptno)
VALUES (8000, 'NEW_EMP', 'CLERK', 7369, '2023-03-08', 900, NULL, 100);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, 'Invalid department number specified.');
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('sp_insert_customer', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE sp_insert_customer;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE sp_insert_customer(
@p_id IN AS NUMBER,
p_name IN VARCHAR2,
p_address IN VARCHAR2
)
AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO customer (id, name, address)
VALUES (p_id, p_name, p_address);
COMMIT;
END;
/
CALL sp_insert_customer(1, 'John Doe', '123 Main St');
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE sp_insert_customer(
p_id IN NUMBER,
p_name IN VARCHAR2,
p_address IN VARCHAR2
)
AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO customer (id, name, address)
VALUES (p_id, p_name, p_address);
COMMIT;
END;
/
CALL sp_insert_customer(1, 'John Doe', '123 Main St');
|
BEGIN
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
v_salary NUMBER;
v_deptno NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = employee_id, @v_salary = salary, @v_deptno = department_id
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'KING';
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee with that last name');
END
END;
IF v_salary > 10000 BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.1
WHERE employee_id = @v_emp_id;
END
END;
|
BEGIN
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_salary NUMBER;
v_deptno NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT employee_id, salary, department_id
INTO v_emp_id, v_salary, v_deptno
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'KING';
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee with that last name');
END;
IF v_salary > 10000 THEN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.1
WHERE employee_id = v_emp_id;
END IF;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_deptno FLOAT := 20;
v_ename dbo.VARCHAR2(50) := 'SMITH';
v_sal NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_sal = salary FROM emp WHERE deptno = @v_deptno AND ename = v_ename;
IF v_sal < 10000 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Salary is too low.', 16, 1);
END
UPDATE emp SET salary = v_sal + 100 WHERE deptno = @v_deptno AND ename = v_ename RETURNING INTO v_sal ROWCOUNT;
dbms_output.put_line('Salary updated to ' + isnull(v_sal, '') + ' for ' + isnull(v_sal, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20002 Employee not found.', 16, 1);
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_deptno NUMBER := 20;
v_ename VARCHAR2(50) := 'SMITH';
v_sal NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO v_sal FROM emp WHERE deptno = v_deptno AND ename = v_ename;
IF v_sal < 10000 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Salary is too low.');
END IF;
UPDATE emp SET salary = v_sal + 100 WHERE deptno = v_deptno AND ename = v_ename RETURNING INTO v_sal ROWCOUNT;
dbms_output.put_line('Salary updated to ' || v_sal || ' for ' || v_sal);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20002, 'Employee not found.');
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_salary', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(@employee_id IN NUMBERDECLARE )
RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END; IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @salary = salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
IF salary IS NULL BEGIN
RETURN 0;
END
ELSE BEGIN
RETURN salary;
END
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
@l_emp_id FLOAT;
l_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SET @l_emp_id = 100;
SET @l_salary = dbo.get_employee_salary(@l_emp_id);
IF l_salary IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20100 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee salary: ' + isnull(l_salary, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found for employee ID: ' + isnull(@l_emp_id, ''));
END
END;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(employee_id IN NUMBER)
RETURN NUMBER IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
IF salary IS NULL THEN
RETURN 0;
ELSE
RETURN salary;
END IF;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
l_emp_id NUMBER;
l_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
l_emp_id := 100;
l_salary := get_employee_salary(l_emp_id);
IF l_salary IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20100, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee salary: ' || l_salary);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found for employee ID: ' || l_emp_id);
END;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('test_proc', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE test_proc;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE test_proc(
@deptno IN AS NUMBER,
ename IN VARCHAR2
) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.10
WHERE deptno = deptno AND ename = ename;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE test_proc(
deptno IN NUMBER,
ename IN VARCHAR2
) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.10
WHERE deptno = deptno AND ename = ename;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
DECLARE
@l_empno FLOAT;
l_empname dbo.VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
*** ee name corresponding to the employee number
SELECT @l_empname = ename FROM emp WHERE empno = 10;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' + isnull(l_empname, ''));
*** ee's salary
UPDATE emp SET sal = sal * 1.1 WHERE empno = 10;
*** rd into the 'bonus' table
INSERT INTO bonus VALUES (10, 1000);
*** cedure to calculate and update the employee's bonus
CALL calc_bonus(10);
*** n if the employee's salary is less than 1000
IF sal < 1000 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Salary below minimum threshold', 16, 1);
END
EXCEPTION
*** that may occur during the execution of the code
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
DECLARE
l_empno NUMBER;
l_empname VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
-- Select the employee name corresponding to the employee number
SELECT ename INTO l_empname FROM emp WHERE empno = 10;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' || l_empname);
-- Update the employee's salary
UPDATE emp SET sal = sal * 1.1 WHERE empno = 10;
-- Insert a new record into the 'bonus' table
INSERT INTO bonus VALUES (10, 1000);
-- Call a stored procedure to calculate and update the employee's bonus
CALL calc_bonus(10);
-- Raise an exception if the employee's salary is less than 1000
IF sal < 1000 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Salary below minimum threshold');
END IF;
EXCEPTION
-- Handle any errors that may occur during the execution of the code
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
CREATE TABLE customers (id FLOAT, name VARCHAR(50), PRIMARY KEY (id));
CREATE TABLE orders (id FLOAT, customer_id FLOAT, product VARCHAR(50), PRIMARY KEY (id), FOREIGN KEY (customer_id) REFERENCES customers(id));
CREATE PROCEDURE insert_customer (@id IN AS NUMBER, name IN VARCHAR2) AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO customers (id, name) VALUES (id, name);
END;
CREATE PROCEDURE insert_order (@id IN AS NUMBER, customer_id IN NUMBER, product IN VARCHAR2) AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO orders (id, customer_id, product) VALUES (id, customer_id, product);
END;
CREATE FUNCTION get_customer_name (@id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN VARCHAR2
RETURN NULL;
END; AS
BEGIN
RETURN (SELECT name FROM customers WHERE id = id);
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
@customer_id FLOAT := 1;
order_id SET @NUMBER = 1;
BEGIN
dbo.insert_customer(@customer_id, 'John Doe');
dbo.insert_order(order_id, @customer_id, 'Product 1');
SET @order_id = order_id + 1;
dbo.insert_order(order_id, @customer_id, 'Product 2');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred during transaction.');
END;
END;
|
CREATE TABLE customers (id NUMBER, name VARCHAR2(50), PRIMARY KEY (id));
CREATE TABLE orders (id NUMBER, customer_id NUMBER, product VARCHAR2(50), PRIMARY KEY (id), FOREIGN KEY (customer_id) REFERENCES customers(id));
CREATE PROCEDURE insert_customer (id IN NUMBER, name IN VARCHAR2) AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO customers (id, name) VALUES (id, name);
END;
CREATE PROCEDURE insert_order (id IN NUMBER, customer_id IN NUMBER, product IN VARCHAR2) AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO orders (id, customer_id, product) VALUES (id, customer_id, product);
END;
CREATE FUNCTION get_customer_name (id IN NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2 AS
BEGIN
RETURN (SELECT name FROM customers WHERE id = id);
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
customer_id NUMBER := 1;
order_id NUMBER := 1;
BEGIN
insert_customer(customer_id, 'John Doe');
insert_order(order_id, customer_id, 'Product 1');
order_id := order_id + 1;
insert_order(order_id, customer_id, 'Product 2');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred during transaction.');
END;
END;
|
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (first_name, last_name, salary)
VALUES ('John', 'Doe', 10000);
IF (@@ERROR = 0) BEGIN
COMMIT;
END
ELSE BEGIN
ROLLBACK;
END
END;
|
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (first_name, last_name, salary)
VALUES ('John', 'Doe', 10000);
IF (SQLCODE = 0) THEN
COMMIT;
ELSE
ROLLBACK;
END IF;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee(@employee_id IN AS NUMBER, first_name IN VARCHAR2, last_name IN VARCHAR2) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees
SET first_name = first_name,
last_name = last_name
WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
COMMIT;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
END;
BEGIN
dbo.update_employee(100, 'John', 'Smith');
END;
|
PROCEDURE update_employee(employee_id IN NUMBER, first_name IN VARCHAR2, last_name IN VARCHAR2) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees
SET first_name = first_name,
last_name = last_name
WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END;
BEGIN
update_employee(100, 'John', 'Smith');
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE GetCustomerOrders
(
@p_customer_id IN AS NUMBER
)
IS
l_order_id NUMBER;
l_order_date DATE;
l_order_total NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @l_order_id = order_id, @l_order_date = order_date, @l_order_total = total_amount
FROM orders
WHERE customer_id = p_customer_id;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Order ID: ' + isnull(l_order_id, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Order Date: ' + isnull(l_order_date, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total Amount: ' + isnull(l_order_total, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No orders found for customer.');
END
END;
-- Ex... ***
DECLARE
@v_customer_id FLOAT := 12345;
BEGIN
dbo.GetCustomerOrders(@v_customer_id);
END; | CREATE PROCEDURE GetCustomerOrders
(
p_customer_id IN NUMBER
)
IS
l_order_id NUMBER;
l_order_date DATE;
l_order_total NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT order_id, order_date, total_amount
INTO l_order_id, l_order_date, l_order_total
FROM orders
WHERE customer_id = p_customer_id;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Order ID: ' || l_order_id);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Order Date: ' || l_order_date);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total Amount: ' || l_order_total);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No orders found for customer.');
END;
-- Example usage
DECLARE
v_customer_id NUMBER := 12345;
BEGIN
GetCustomerOrders(v_customer_id);
END; |
BEGIN
IF NOT DBMS_UTILITY.IS_MOUNTED('MY_DB') BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20000 Database not mounted.', 16, 1);
END
DECLARE t CURSOR FOR SELECT * FROM MY_TABLE; OPEN t;
FETCH t INTO;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(ISNULL(@t_ID, '') + ' ' + ISNULL(@t_NAME, ''));
FETCH t INTO;
END;
CLOSE t;
DEALLOCATE t;
IF @@ERROR <> 0 BEGIN
ROLLBACK;
RAISERROR('-20001 An error occurred.', 16, 1);
END
COMMIT;
END;
|
BEGIN
IF NOT DBMS_UTILITY.IS_MOUNTED('MY_DB') THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, 'Database not mounted.');
END IF;
FOR t IN (SELECT * FROM MY_TABLE) LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(t.ID || ' ' || t.NAME);
END LOOP;
IF SQLCODE <> 0 THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'An error occurred.');
END IF;
COMMIT;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = emp_id, @v_salary = salary
FROM employee
WHERE last_name = 'King';
IF v_salary > 10000 BEGIN
UPDATE employee
SET salary = v_salary * 1.10
WHERE emp_id = @v_emp_id;
END
ELSE BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Salary is too low to be increased', 16, 1);
END
COMMIT;
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT emp_id, salary
INTO v_emp_id, v_salary
FROM employee
WHERE last_name = 'King';
IF v_salary > 10000 THEN
UPDATE employee
SET salary = v_salary * 1.10
WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
ELSE
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Salary is too low to be increased');
END IF;
COMMIT;
END;
|
DECLARE
-- De... ***
@v_sal FLOAT;
v_empno NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Ge... ***
SELECT @v_sal = salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = 1;
*** s greater than 10000
IF @v_sal > 10000 BEGIN
-- Ca... ***
SET @v_bonus = @v_sal * 0.1;
*** onus
UPDATE employees SET bonus = v_bonus WHERE employee_id = 1;
END
ELSE BEGIN
*** salary is less than or equal to 10000
RAISERROR('-20001 Salary must be greater than $10,000', 16, 1);
END
END;
|
DECLARE
-- Define variables
v_sal NUMBER;
v_empno NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Get employee salary
SELECT salary INTO v_sal FROM employees WHERE employee_id = 1;
-- Check if salary is greater than 10000
IF v_sal > 10000 THEN
-- Calculate bonus
v_bonus := v_sal * 0.1;
-- Update employee bonus
UPDATE employees SET bonus = v_bonus WHERE employee_id = 1;
ELSE
-- Raise an error if salary is less than or equal to 10000
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Salary must be greater than $10,000');
END IF;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_order_total', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE get_order_total;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE get_order_total(@order_id IN AS NUMBER, total OUT NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
SELECT @total = SUM(quantity * unit_price)
FROM order_details
WHERE order_id = order_id;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
set @total = 0;
END
END;
DECLARE
@order_id FLOAT := 123;
total NUMBER;
BEGIN
dbo.get_order_total(@order_id, total);
IF total IS NULL BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No order found with ID ' + isnull(@order_id, ''));
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total price for order ' + isnull(@order_id, '') + ': ' + isnull(total, ''));
END
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred while getting order total: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE get_order_total(order_id IN NUMBER, total OUT NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
SELECT SUM(quantity * unit_price) INTO total
FROM order_details
WHERE order_id = order_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
total := 0;
END;
DECLARE
order_id NUMBER := 123;
total NUMBER;
BEGIN
get_order_total(order_id, total);
IF total IS NULL THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No order found with ID ' || order_id);
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total price for order ' || order_id || ': ' || total);
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred while getting order total: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = eno FROM emp WHERE ename = 'SMITH';
IF @v_emp_id IS NOT NULL BEGIN
UPDATE emp SET sal = sal * 1.10 WHERE eno = @v_emp_id;
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary updated successfully');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT eno INTO v_emp_id FROM emp WHERE ename = 'SMITH';
IF v_emp_id IS NOT NULL THEN
UPDATE emp SET sal = sal * 1.10 WHERE eno = v_emp_id;
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary updated successfully');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END IF;
END;
|
BEGIN
DECLARE @v_emp_id FLOAT := 7865;
v_emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(100);
v_emp_salary ROW_NUMBER(10, 2);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_name = employee_name, @v_emp_salary = salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = @v_emp_id;
IF @@fetch_status <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 No employee found with ID ' + isnull(@v_emp_id, ''), 16, 1);
END
END;
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Employee Name: ' + isnull(v_emp_name, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Employee Salary: ' + isnull(v_emp_salary, ''));
END;
/
|
BEGIN
DECLARE v_emp_id NUMBER := 7865;
v_emp_name VARCHAR2(100);
v_emp_salary NUMBER(10, 2);
BEGIN
SELECT employee_name, salary INTO v_emp_name, v_emp_salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = v_emp_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN no_data_found THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'No employee found with ID ' || v_emp_id);
END;
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Employee Name: ' || v_emp_name);
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Employee Salary: ' || v_emp_salary);
END;
/
|
CREATE PROCEDURE add_employee (
@p_emp_id IN AS NUMBER,
p_name IN VARCHAR2,
p_salary IN NUMBER,
p_dept_id IN NUMBER,
p_job_id IN NUMBER,
p_manager_id IN NUMBER
) AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (
emp_id, name, salary, dept_id, job_id, manager_id
)
VALUES (
p_emp_id, p_name, p_salary, p_dept_id, p_job_id, p_manager_id
);
END;
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_count (
@p_dept_id IN NUMBER
DECLARE )
RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END;
AS
l_count NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @l_count = COUNT(*)
FROM employees
WHERE dept_id = p_dept_id;
RETURN l_count;
END;
SELECT * FROM employees;
BEGIN
DECLARE
@l_code FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @l_code = salary FROM employees WHERE emp_id = 1;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
SET @l_code = NULL;
END
END;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary of employee 1: ' + isnull(@l_code, ''));
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE add_employee (
p_emp_id IN NUMBER,
p_name IN VARCHAR2,
p_salary IN NUMBER,
p_dept_id IN NUMBER,
p_job_id IN NUMBER,
p_manager_id IN NUMBER
) AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (
emp_id, name, salary, dept_id, job_id, manager_id
)
VALUES (
p_emp_id, p_name, p_salary, p_dept_id, p_job_id, p_manager_id
);
END;
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_count (
p_dept_id IN NUMBER
)
RETURN NUMBER
AS
l_count NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*)
INTO l_count
FROM employees
WHERE dept_id = p_dept_id;
RETURN l_count;
END;
SELECT * FROM employees;
BEGIN
DECLARE
l_code NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO l_code FROM employees WHERE emp_id = 1;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
l_code := NULL;
END;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary of employee 1: ' || l_code);
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('emp_salary_update', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE emp_salary_update;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE emp_salary_update(@empno FLOAT, @sal FLOAT, @bonus FLOAT)
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
UPDATE emp SET sal = @sal + @bonus WHERE @empno = @empno;
END;
GO
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE emp_salary_update(empno NUMBER, sal NUMBER, bonus NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
UPDATE emp SET sal = sal + bonus WHERE empno = empno;
END;
/
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = emp_id
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'KING';
IF @v_emp_id IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
UPDATE employees
SET salary = salary * 1.10
WHERE emp_id = @v_emp_id;
COMMIT;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20002 No employee with that last name', 16, 1);
END
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT emp_id
INTO v_emp_id
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'KING';
IF v_emp_id IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
UPDATE employees
SET salary = salary * 1.10
WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20002, 'No employee with that last name');
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|