sqlserver
stringlengths 59
30k
| plsql
stringlengths 54
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IF OBJECT_ID('find_employees', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE find_employees;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE find_employees(
@p_dept_id IN AS NUMBER,
OUT emp_cursor OUT SYS_REFCURSOR
)
IS
BEGIN
SELECT employee_id,
first_name,
last_name
FROM employees
WHERE department_id = p_dept_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
@dept_id FLOAT := 20;
emp_cur SYS_REFCURSOR;
emp_id NUMBER;
emp_first_name dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
emp_last_name dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
dbo.find_employees(@dept_id, emp_cur);
WHILE 1=1 BEGIN
FETCH emp_cur INTO @emp_id, @emp_first_name, @emp_last_name;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BREAK;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(
isnull(emp_id, '') + ' ' + isnull(emp_first_name, '') + ' ' + isnull(emp_last_name, '')
);
END;
CLOSE emp_cur;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
CLOSE emp_cur;
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE find_employees(
p_dept_id IN NUMBER,
OUT emp_cursor OUT SYS_REFCURSOR
)
IS
BEGIN
OPEN emp_cursor FOR
SELECT employee_id,
first_name,
last_name
FROM employees
WHERE department_id = p_dept_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
dept_id NUMBER := 20;
emp_cur SYS_REFCURSOR;
emp_id NUMBER;
emp_first_name VARCHAR2(20);
emp_last_name VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
find_employees(dept_id, emp_cur);
LOOP
FETCH emp_cur INTO emp_id, emp_first_name, emp_last_name;
EXIT WHEN emp_cur%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(
emp_id || ' ' || emp_first_name || ' ' || emp_last_name
);
END LOOP;
CLOSE emp_cur;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
CLOSE emp_cur;
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE compute_average(@IN department_name AS VARCHAR2)
AS
total_salary NUMBER;
avg_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @total_salary = SUM(salary)
FROM employees
WHERE department_name = department_name;
IF total_salary IS NOT NULL BEGIN
SELECT @avg_salary = COUNT(*)
FROM employees
WHERE department_name = department_name;
set @avg_salary = total_salary / avg_salary;
END
ELSE BEGIN
NULL;
END
END;
|
PROCEDURE compute_average(IN department_name VARCHAR2)
AS
total_salary NUMBER;
avg_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT SUM(salary) INTO total_salary
FROM employees
WHERE department_name = department_name;
IF total_salary IS NOT NULL THEN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO avg_salary
FROM employees
WHERE department_name = department_name;
avg_salary := total_salary / avg_salary;
ELSE
NULL;
END IF;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE get_employee_details(
@employee_id IN AS NUMBER,
employee_name OUT VARCHAR2,
employee_salary OUT NUMBER
)
IS
BEGIN
SELECT @employee_name = ename, @employee_salary = sal
FROM emp
WHERE empno = employee_id;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE get_employee_details(
employee_id IN NUMBER,
employee_name OUT VARCHAR2,
employee_salary OUT NUMBER
)
IS
BEGIN
SELECT ename, sal
INTO employee_name, employee_salary
FROM emp
WHERE empno = employee_id;
END;
|
WITH EmployeeData AS (
SELECT * FROM Employee
WHERE Salary > 10000
)
SELECT * FROM EmployeeData
WHERE Department = 'Marketing';
UPDATE Employee
SET Salary = Salary * 1.1
WHERE Department = 'Marketing';
DECLARE
@emp_id INTEGER;
BEGIN
SELECT TOP 1 @emp_id = EmployeeID FROM Employee ORDER BY Salary DESC;
IF @emp_id IS NOT NULL BEGIN
DELETE FROM Employee WHERE EmployeeID = @emp_id;
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee with highest salary deleted successfully');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found to delete');
END
END; | WITH EmployeeData AS (
SELECT * FROM Employee
WHERE Salary > 10000
)
SELECT * FROM EmployeeData
WHERE Department = 'Marketing';
UPDATE Employee
SET Salary = Salary * 1.1
WHERE Department = 'Marketing';
DECLARE
emp_id INTEGER;
BEGIN
SELECT EmployeeID INTO emp_id FROM Employee ORDER BY Salary DESC LIMIT 1;
IF emp_id IS NOT NULL THEN
DELETE FROM Employee WHERE EmployeeID = emp_id;
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee with highest salary deleted successfully');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found to delete');
END IF;
END; |
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_name', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employee_name;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_name(@employee_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN VARCHAR2
RETURN NULL;
END; IS
employee_name dbo.VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
SELECT @employee_name = isnull(first_name, '') + ' ' + isnull(last_name, '')
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
RETURN employee_name;
IF @@fetch_status <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN NULL;
END
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employee_name(employee_id IN NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
employee_name VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
SELECT first_name || ' ' || last_name
INTO employee_name
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
RETURN employee_name;
EXCEPTION
WHEN no_data_found THEN
RETURN NULL;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT := 100;
BEGIN
DECLARE @i INT = 1;
WHILE @i <= 10 BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (emp_id, name, salary)
VALUES (@v_emp_id, 'Employee ' + isnull(i, ''), i * 1000);
SET @v_emp_id = @v_emp_id + 1;
END;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred: ' + isnull(sqlerrm, ''));
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER := 100;
BEGIN
FOR i IN 1..10 LOOP
INSERT INTO employees (emp_id, name, salary)
VALUES (v_emp_id, 'Employee ' || i, i * 1000);
v_emp_id := v_emp_id + 1;
END LOOP;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred: ' || sqlerrm);
END;
|
*** with input and output parameters
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_info', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE get_employee_info;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE get_employee_info(
@p_emp_id IN AS NUMBER,
p_emp_name OUT VARCHAR2,
p_emp_salary OUT NUMBER
)
IS
BEGIN
SELECT @p_emp_name = ename, @p_emp_salary = sal
FROM emp
WHERE empno = p_emp_id;
END;
*** urns a cursor
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employees_by_dept', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employees_by_dept;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employees_by_dept(
@p_dept_id IN NUMBER
DECLARE )
RETURN
BEGIN SYS_REFCURSOR
RETURN NULL;
END;
IS
l_emp_cur SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
SELECT *
FROM emp
WHERE deptno = p_dept_id;
RETURN l_emp_cur;
END;
*** h a subquery
SELECT empno, ename,
(SELECT dname FROM dept WHERE deptno = emp.deptno) AS dept_name
FROM emp;
*** THEN-ELSE)
DECLARE
@l_emp_count FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @l_emp_count = COUNT(*) FROM emp;
IF @l_emp_count > 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employees found');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employees found');
END
END;
*** XCEPTION)
BEGIN
*** ght raise an exception
INSERT INTO emp (empno, ename, sal) VALUES (999, 'New Employee', 10000);
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
*** ion
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred');
ROLLBACK;
END;
|
-- Stored procedure with input and output parameters
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE get_employee_info(
p_emp_id IN NUMBER,
p_emp_name OUT VARCHAR2,
p_emp_salary OUT NUMBER
)
IS
BEGIN
SELECT ename, sal
INTO p_emp_name, p_emp_salary
FROM emp
WHERE empno = p_emp_id;
END;
-- Function that returns a cursor
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employees_by_dept(
p_dept_id IN NUMBER
)
RETURN SYS_REFCURSOR
IS
l_emp_cur SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
OPEN l_emp_cur FOR
SELECT *
FROM emp
WHERE deptno = p_dept_id;
RETURN l_emp_cur;
END;
-- SQL statement with a subquery
SELECT empno, ename,
(SELECT dname FROM dept WHERE deptno = emp.deptno) AS dept_name
FROM emp;
-- Control flow (IF-THEN-ELSE)
DECLARE
l_emp_count NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO l_emp_count FROM emp;
IF l_emp_count > 0 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employees found');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employees found');
END IF;
END;
-- Error handling (EXCEPTION)
BEGIN
-- Some code that might raise an exception
INSERT INTO emp (empno, ename, sal) VALUES (999, 'New Employee', 10000);
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- Handle the exception
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred');
ROLLBACK;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_salary', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(@emp_id FLOAT) RETURNS FLOAT AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @salary FLOAT;
SELECT @salary = @salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = @emp_id;
IF @salary IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20000 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
RETURN @salary;
END;
IF OBJECT_ID('update_employee_salary', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE update_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(@emp_id FLOAT, @new_salary FLOAT) AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
UPDATE employees SET salary = @new_salary WHERE employee_id = @emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT := 100;
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SET @salary = dbo.get_employee_salary(@emp_id);
dbo.UPDATE_EMPLOYEE_SALARY(@emp_id, salary + 1000);
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(emp_id NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
IF salary IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
RETURN salary;
END;
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(emp_id NUMBER, new_salary NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER := 100;
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
salary := get_employee_salary(emp_id);
UPDATE_EMPLOYEE_SALARY(emp_id, salary + 1000);
END;
|
*** rt data into a table
CREATE PROCEDURE insert_data (
@IN p_id AS NUMBER,
IN p_name VARCHAR2,
IN p_age NUMBER
)
AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employee (id, name, age) VALUES (p_id, p_name, p_age);
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
*** value on index error
WHEN TOO_MANY_ROWS THEN
*** ows error
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- Ha... SQLINES DEMO ***
END;
/
*** tenate two strings
CREATE FUNCTION concat_strings (
@IN p_str1 VARCHAR2DECLARE ,
IN
BEGIN p_str2
return null;
end; VARCHAR2
)
RETURN VARCHAR2
AS
BEGIN
RETURN isnull(p_str1, '') + ' ' + isnull(p_str2, '');
END;
/
*** select data from a table
SELECT *
FROM employee
WHERE age > 30;
*** truct to check if a value is greater than 10
IF age > 10 BEGIN
-- Do... SQLINES DEMO ***
END
ELSE BEGIN
-- Do... SQLINES DEMO ***
END
*** enario to catch an invalid value error
BEGIN
*** y throw an invalid value error
EXCEPTION
WHEN invalid_value THEN
*** lue error
END; | -- Procedure to insert data into a table
CREATE PROCEDURE insert_data (
IN p_id NUMBER,
IN p_name VARCHAR2,
IN p_age NUMBER
)
AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employee (id, name, age) VALUES (p_id, p_name, p_age);
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
-- Handle duplicate value on index error
WHEN TOO_MANY_ROWS THEN
-- Handle too many rows error
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- Handle other errors
END;
/
-- Function to concatenate two strings
CREATE FUNCTION concat_strings (
IN p_str1 VARCHAR2,
IN p_str2 VARCHAR2
)
RETURN VARCHAR2
AS
BEGIN
RETURN p_str1 || ' ' || p_str2;
END;
/
-- SQL statement to select data from a table
SELECT *
FROM employee
WHERE age > 30;
-- Control flow construct to check if a value is greater than 10
IF age > 10 THEN
-- Do something
ELSE
-- Do something else
END IF;
-- Error handling scenario to catch an invalid value error
BEGIN
-- Some code that may throw an invalid value error
EXCEPTION
WHEN invalid_value THEN
-- Handle invalid value error
END; |
CREATE TABLE Employees (
EmployeeID FLOAT NOT NULL,
FirstName VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
LastName VARCHAR(50),
Salary FLOAT,
Department VARCHAR(50)
);
CREATE PROCEDURE HireEmployee (
@EmpID IN AS NUMBER,
FName IN VARCHAR2,
LName IN VARCHAR2,
Sal IN NUMBER,
Dept IN VARCHAR2
)
AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO Employees (EmployeeID, FirstName, LastName, Salary, Department)
VALUES (EmpID, FName, LName, Sal, Dept);
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
CREATE FUNCTION GetEmployeeName (
@EmpID IN NUMBER
DECLARE )
RETURN
BEGIN VARCHAR2
RETURN NULL;
END;
AS
EmpName dbo.VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
SELECT @EmpName = ISNULL(FirstName, '') + ' ' + ISNULL(LastName, '')
FROM Employees
WHERE EmployeeID = EmpID;
RETURN EmpName;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN NULL;
END
END;
DECLARE
@EmpID FLOAT := 1001;
FName dbo.VARCHAR2(50) := 'John';
LName dbo.VARCHAR2(50) := 'Doe';
Sal SET @NUMBER = 50000;
Dept dbo.VARCHAR2(50) := 'Sales';
BEGIN
dbo.HireEmployee(@EmpID, FName, LName, Sal, Dept);
DBMS_OUTPUT.Put_Line('Employee ' + ISNULL(dbo.GetEmployeeName(@EmpID), '') + ' hired successfully.');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.Put_Line('Error hiring employee.');
END; | CREATE TABLE Employees (
EmployeeID NUMBER NOT NULL,
FirstName VARCHAR2(50) NOT NULL,
LastName VARCHAR2(50),
Salary NUMBER,
Department VARCHAR2(50)
);
CREATE PROCEDURE HireEmployee (
EmpID IN NUMBER,
FName IN VARCHAR2,
LName IN VARCHAR2,
Sal IN NUMBER,
Dept IN VARCHAR2
)
AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO Employees (EmployeeID, FirstName, LastName, Salary, Department)
VALUES (EmpID, FName, LName, Sal, Dept);
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
CREATE FUNCTION GetEmployeeName (
EmpID IN NUMBER
)
RETURN VARCHAR2
AS
EmpName VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
SELECT FirstName || ' ' || LastName INTO EmpName
FROM Employees
WHERE EmployeeID = EmpID;
RETURN EmpName;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN NULL;
END;
DECLARE
EmpID NUMBER := 1001;
FName VARCHAR2(50) := 'John';
LName VARCHAR2(50) := 'Doe';
Sal NUMBER := 50000;
Dept VARCHAR2(50) := 'Sales';
BEGIN
HireEmployee(EmpID, FName, LName, Sal, Dept);
DBMS_OUTPUT.Put_Line('Employee ' || GetEmployeeName(EmpID) || ' hired successfully.');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.Put_Line('Error hiring employee.');
END; |
DECLARE
@v_empno FLOAT;
v_ename dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_ename = ename FROM emp WHERE empno = 7788;
IF v_ename IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
UPDATE emp SET sal = sal * 1.10 WHERE ename = v_ename;
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary updated successfully');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
/
|
DECLARE
v_empno NUMBER;
v_ename VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT ename INTO v_ename FROM emp WHERE empno = 7788;
IF v_ename IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
UPDATE emp SET sal = sal * 1.10 WHERE ename = v_ename;
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary updated successfully');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
/
|
IF OBJECT_ID('increment_order_status', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE increment_order_status;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE increment_order_status
(
@order_id IN AS NUMBER
)
IS
BEGIN
UPDATE orders SET status = status + 1
WHERE order_id = order_id;
IF status = 5 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20000 Order has been completed', 16, 1);
END
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE increment_order_status
(
order_id IN NUMBER
)
IS
BEGIN
UPDATE orders SET status = status + 1
WHERE order_id = order_id;
IF status = 5 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, 'Order has been completed');
END IF;
END;
|
DECLARE
@x FLOAT := 10;
y SET @NUMBER = 5;
BEGIN
IF @x > y BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('x is greater than y');
END
ELSE IF @x = y BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('x is equal to y');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('x is less than y');
END
BEGIN
SET @x = @x + 1;
SET @y = y + 1;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('x + 1 = ' + isnull(@x, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('y + 1 = ' + isnull(y, ''));
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred!');
END;
END;
|
DECLARE
x NUMBER := 10;
y NUMBER := 5;
BEGIN
IF x > y THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('x is greater than y');
ELSIF x = y THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('x is equal to y');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('x is less than y');
END IF;
BEGIN
x := x + 1;
y := y + 1;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('x + 1 = ' || x);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('y + 1 = ' || y);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred!');
END;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_id FLOAT;
v_name dbo.VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_id = id, @v_name = name FROM employees WHERE id = 10;
IF @v_id IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.1 WHERE id = @v_id;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
DECLARE
v_id NUMBER;
v_name VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
SELECT id, name INTO v_id, v_name FROM employees WHERE id = 10;
IF v_id IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.1 WHERE id = v_id;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE get_employee_data(@emp_id IN AS NUMBER, OUT emp_name OUT VARCHAR2, OUT emp_salary OUT NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
SELECT @emp_name = isnull(first_name, '') + ' ' + isnull(last_name, ''), @emp_salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee data not found', 16, 1);
END
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE get_employee_data(emp_id IN NUMBER, OUT emp_name OUT VARCHAR2, OUT emp_salary OUT NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
SELECT first_name || ' ' || last_name, salary
INTO emp_name, emp_salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee data not found');
END;
|
BEGIN
DECLARE
@c_id FLOAT;
c_name dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
c_location dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
c_revenue NUMBER;
BEGIN
DECLARE rec CURSOR FOR SELECT * FROM customers;
OPEN rec;
FETCH rec INTO;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
SET @c_id = @rec_customer_id;
SET @c_name = @rec_customer_name;
SET @c_location = @rec_customer_location;
SET @c_revenue = @rec_customer_revenue;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(isnull(@c_id, '') + ' ' + isnull(c_name, '') + ' ' + isnull(c_location, '') + ' ' + isnull(c_revenue, ''));
FETCH rec INTO;
END;
CLOSE rec;
DEALLOCATE rec;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No customers found');
END
END;
END; | BEGIN
DECLARE
c_id NUMBER;
c_name VARCHAR2(20);
c_location VARCHAR2(20);
c_revenue NUMBER;
BEGIN
FOR rec IN (SELECT * FROM customers)
LOOP
c_id := rec.customer_id;
c_name := rec.customer_name;
c_location := rec.customer_location;
c_revenue := rec.customer_revenue;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(c_id || ' ' || c_name || ' ' || c_location || ' ' || c_revenue);
END LOOP;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No customers found');
END;
END; |
DECLARE
@v_empno SMALLINT;
v_salary ROW_NUMBER(8,2);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_empno = empno, @v_salary = salary FROM emp WHERE empno = 7369;
IF v_salary > 10000 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Salary is too high', 16, 1);
END
UPDATE emp SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE empno = @v_empno;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary updated successfully.');
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found.');
END
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An unexpected error occurred.');
END;
|
DECLARE
v_empno NUMBER(4);
v_salary NUMBER(8,2);
BEGIN
SELECT empno, salary INTO v_empno, v_salary FROM emp WHERE empno = 7369;
IF v_salary > 10000 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Salary is too high');
END IF;
UPDATE emp SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE empno = v_empno;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary updated successfully.');
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found.');
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An unexpected error occurred.');
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_max_id FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_max_id = MAX(id) FROM users;
IF @v_max_id IS NULL BEGIN
RAISE VALUE_ERROR;
END
INSERT INTO users (id, name) VALUES (@v_max_id + 1, 'John Doe');
COMMIT;
END;
|
DECLARE
v_max_id NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT MAX(id) INTO v_max_id FROM users;
IF v_max_id IS NULL THEN
RAISE VALUE_ERROR;
END IF;
INSERT INTO users (id, name) VALUES (v_max_id + 1, 'John Doe');
COMMIT;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_salary DECIMAL(10,2);
v_employee_id ROW_NUMBER(6);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = v_employee_id;
IF @v_salary IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
UPDATE employees
SET salary = @v_salary + 1000
WHERE employee_id = v_employee_id;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20002 No data found for employee', 16, 1);
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_salary NUMBER(10,2);
v_employee_id NUMBER(6);
BEGIN
SELECT salary
INTO v_salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = v_employee_id;
IF v_salary IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
UPDATE employees
SET salary = v_salary + 1000
WHERE employee_id = v_employee_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20002, 'No data found for employee');
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
v_emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(100);
v_salary NUMBER;
v_bonus NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = employee_id,
@v_emp_name = isnull(first_name, '') + ' ' + isnull(last_name, '') AS employee_name,
@v_salary = salary,
@v_bonus = bonus
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 100;
IF v_bonus IS NULL BEGIN
SET @v_bonus = 0;
END
UPDATE employees
SET salary = v_salary + (v_bonus * 0.1),
bonus = NULL
WHERE employee_id = @v_emp_id;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ' + isnull(v_emp_name, '') + ' updated successfully.');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred while updating the employee: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_emp_name VARCHAR2(100);
v_salary NUMBER;
v_bonus NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT employee_id,
first_name || ' ' || last_name AS employee_name,
salary,
bonus
INTO v_emp_id,
v_emp_name,
v_salary,
v_bonus
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 100;
IF v_bonus IS NULL THEN
v_bonus := 0;
END IF;
UPDATE employees
SET salary = v_salary + (v_bonus * 0.1),
bonus = NULL
WHERE employee_id = v_emp_id;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ' || v_emp_name || ' updated successfully.');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred while updating the employee: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
CREATE FUNCTION GetCustomerInfo(@CustomerID FLOAT)
RETURNS SYS_REFCURSOR
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @Customers_Ref CURSOR FOR
SELECT
RETURN NULL;
END; CustomerID, CustomerName, Phone, Email
FROM Customers
WHERE CustomerID = CustomerID;
BEGIN
OPEN Customers_Ref;
RETURN Customers_Ref;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE @Customers_Cursor SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
SET @Customers_Cursor = dbo.GetCustomerInfo(10);
WHILE 1=1 BEGIN
FETCH Customers_Cursor INTO @CustomerID, @CustomerName, @Phone, @Email;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BREAK;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(ISNULL(CustomerID, '') + ' - ' + ISNULL(CustomerName, '') + ' - ' + Isnull(Phone, '') + ' - ' + Isnull(Email, ''));
END;
CLOSE Customers_Cursor;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No customer found with the specified ID.');
END
WHEN OTHERS THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
END; | CREATE FUNCTION GetCustomerInfo(CustomerID NUMBER)
RETURN SYS_REFCURSOR
IS
Customers_Ref CURSOR FOR
SELECT CustomerID, CustomerName, Phone, Email
FROM Customers
WHERE CustomerID = CustomerID;
BEGIN
OPEN Customers_Ref;
RETURN Customers_Ref;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE Customers_Cursor SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
Customers_Cursor := GetCustomerInfo(10);
LOOP
FETCH Customers_Cursor INTO CustomerID, CustomerName, Phone, Email;
EXIT WHEN Customers_Cursor%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(CustomerID || ' - ' || CustomerName || ' - ' || Phone || ' - ' || Email);
END LOOP;
CLOSE Customers_Cursor;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No customer found with the specified ID.');
WHEN OTHERS THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
END; |
CREATE PROCEDURE GetCustomerOrders(
@IN customer_id AS NUMBER)
RETURN SYS_REFCURSOR
IS
orders_cursor SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
SELECT * FROM orders WHERE customer_id = customer_id;
RETURN orders_cursor;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE GetCustomerOrders(
IN customer_id NUMBER)
RETURN SYS_REFCURSOR
IS
orders_cursor SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
OPEN orders_cursor FOR
SELECT * FROM orders WHERE customer_id = customer_id;
RETURN orders_cursor;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_salary FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_salary = salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = 1;
IF @v_salary > 10000 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20101 Salary too high', 16, 1);
END
UPDATE employees SET salary = @v_salary * 1.10 WHERE employee_id = 1;
COMMIT;
END;
|
DECLARE
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO v_salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = 1;
IF v_salary > 10000 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20101, 'Salary too high');
END IF;
UPDATE employees SET salary = v_salary * 1.10 WHERE employee_id = 1;
COMMIT;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_empno FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_empno = empno FROM emp WHERE ename = 'SCOTT';
IF @v_empno IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
UPDATE emp SET sal = sal * 1.10 WHERE empno = @v_empno;
END;
|
DECLARE
v_empno NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT empno INTO v_empno FROM emp WHERE ename = 'SCOTT';
IF v_empno IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
UPDATE emp SET sal = sal * 1.10 WHERE empno = v_empno;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_info', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employee_info;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_info(@emp_id IN NUMBERDECLARE )
RETURN
BEGIN SYS_REFCURSOR
RETURN NULL;
END;
IS
CURSOR c_emp_info IS
SELECT * FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
BEGIN
OPEN c_emp_info;
RETURN c_emp_info;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employee_info(emp_id IN NUMBER)
RETURN SYS_REFCURSOR
IS
CURSOR c_emp_info IS
SELECT * FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
BEGIN
OPEN c_emp_info;
RETURN c_emp_info;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('pro_update_employee', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE pro_update_employee;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE pro_update_employee(
@p_emp_id IN AS NUMBER,
p_new_salary IN NUMBER
)
IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees
SET salary = p_new_salary
WHERE employee_id = p_emp_id;
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee salary updated successfully.');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred while updating employee salary.');
ROLLBACK;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE pro_update_employee(
p_emp_id IN NUMBER,
p_new_salary IN NUMBER
)
IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees
SET salary = p_new_salary
WHERE employee_id = p_emp_id;
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee salary updated successfully.');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred while updating employee salary.');
ROLLBACK;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
BEGIN
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = emp_id FROM employees WHERE last_name = 'King';
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
raiserror('-20001 No such employee found', 16, 1);
END
END;
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE emp_id = @v_emp_id;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
raiserror('-20002 An unexpected error occurred', 16, 1);
END; | DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
BEGIN
BEGIN
SELECT emp_id INTO v_emp_id FROM employees WHERE last_name = 'King';
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
raise_application_error(-20001, 'No such employee found');
END;
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
raise_application_error(-20002, 'An unexpected error occurred');
END; |
IF OBJECT_ID('sample_proc', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE sample_proc;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE sample_proc(@IN param1 AS NUMBER, IN param2 VARCHAR2)
AS
BEGIN
UPDATE table1 SET col1 = param1 WHERE col2 = param2;
IF @@ERROR != 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Error while updating table1', 16, 1);
END
COMMIT;
END sample_proc;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE sample_proc(IN param1 NUMBER, IN param2 VARCHAR2)
AS
BEGIN
UPDATE table1 SET col1 = param1 WHERE col2 = param2;
IF SQLCODE != 0 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Error while updating table1');
END IF;
COMMIT;
END sample_proc;
|
CREATE TABLE employees (
id INT PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
salary DECIMAL(10,2) DEFAULT 0,
dept_id SMALLINT REFERENCES departments(dept_id)
);
CREATE TABLE departments (
dept_id SMALLINT PRIMARY KEY,
dept_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL
);
CREATE PROCEDURE add_employee (
@p_id IN AS NUMBER,
p_name IN VARCHAR2,
p_salary IN NUMBER,
p_dept_id IN NUMBER
)
AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (id, name, salary, dept_id)
VALUES (p_id, p_name, p_salary, p_dept_id);
END;
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary (
@p_id IN NUMBER
DECLARE )
RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END;
AS
BEGIN
RETURN (SELECT salary FROM employees WHERE id = p_id);
END;
BEGIN
*** oyee
CALL add_employee(10, 'John Doe', 10000, 20);
*** an employee
DECLARE
@l_salary FLOAT;
BEGIN
SET @l_salary = dbo.get_employee_salary(10);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee salary: ' + isnull(@l_salary, ''));
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred.');
END;
END;
|
CREATE TABLE employees (
id NUMBER(6) PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR2(50) NOT NULL,
salary NUMBER(10,2) DEFAULT 0,
dept_id NUMBER(4) REFERENCES departments(dept_id)
);
CREATE TABLE departments (
dept_id NUMBER(4) PRIMARY KEY,
dept_name VARCHAR2(50) NOT NULL
);
CREATE PROCEDURE add_employee (
p_id IN NUMBER,
p_name IN VARCHAR2,
p_salary IN NUMBER,
p_dept_id IN NUMBER
)
AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (id, name, salary, dept_id)
VALUES (p_id, p_name, p_salary, p_dept_id);
END;
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary (
p_id IN NUMBER
)
RETURN NUMBER
AS
BEGIN
RETURN (SELECT salary FROM employees WHERE id = p_id);
END;
BEGIN
-- Insert a new employee
CALL add_employee(10, 'John Doe', 10000, 20);
-- Get the salary of an employee
DECLARE
l_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
l_salary := get_employee_salary(10);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee salary: ' || l_salary);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred.');
END;
END;
|
BEGIN
*** into the table
INSERT INTO my_table (id, name, age) VALUES (1, 'John', 25);
*** he table
UPDATE my_table SET name = 'Jane' WHERE id = 1;
*** the table
DELETE FROM my_table WHERE id = 1;
*** the table
SELECT * FROM my_table;
*** variable
DECLARE @my_var INT;
SET @my_var = 10;
*** w construct (IF statement)
IF @my_var > 0 BEGIN
-- Do... SQLINES DEMO ***
END
*** g (exception block)
BEGIN
*** me code
EXCEPTION
*** that occur
END;
END;
|
BEGIN
-- Insert a new row into the table
INSERT INTO my_table (id, name, age) VALUES (1, 'John', 25);
-- Update a row in the table
UPDATE my_table SET name = 'Jane' WHERE id = 1;
-- Delete a row from the table
DELETE FROM my_table WHERE id = 1;
-- Select rows from the table
SELECT * FROM my_table;
-- Declare and use a variable
DECLARE my_var INT;
SET my_var = 10;
-- Use a control flow construct (IF statement)
IF my_var > 0 THEN
-- Do something
END IF;
-- Use error handling (exception block)
BEGIN
-- Try to execute some code
EXCEPTION
-- Handle any errors that occur
END;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('my_proc', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE my_proc;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE my_proc(@p_name IN AS VARCHAR2) IS
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Hello ' + isnull(p_name, '') + '!');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE my_proc(p_name IN VARCHAR2) IS
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Hello ' || p_name || '!');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_result FLOAT;
v_error_msg dbo.VARCHAR2(500);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_result = SUM(salary) FROM employees;
IF @v_result IS NULL BEGIN
SET @v_error_msg = 'No employee data found';
RAISERROR(-20001, v_error_msg, 16, 1);
END
END;
/
|
DECLARE
v_result NUMBER;
v_error_msg VARCHAR2(500);
BEGIN
SELECT SUM(salary) INTO v_result FROM employees;
IF v_result IS NULL THEN
v_error_msg := 'No employee data found';
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, v_error_msg);
END IF;
END;
/
|
IF OBJECT_ID('sp_insert_employee', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE sp_insert_employee;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE sp_insert_employee (
@p_emp_id IN AS NUMBER,
p_first_name IN VARCHAR2,
p_last_name IN VARCHAR2,
p_email IN VARCHAR2,
p_salary IN NUMBER
) IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (
emp_id,
first_name,
last_name,
email,
salary
) VALUES (
p_emp_id,
p_first_name,
p_last_name,
p_email,
p_salary
);
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
BEGIN
dbo.sp_insert_employee(
p_emp_id => 1001,
p_first_name => 'John',
p_last_name => 'Doe',
p_email => 'john.doe@company.com',
p_salary => 50000
);
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE sp_insert_employee (
p_emp_id IN NUMBER,
p_first_name IN VARCHAR2,
p_last_name IN VARCHAR2,
p_email IN VARCHAR2,
p_salary IN NUMBER
) IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (
emp_id,
first_name,
last_name,
email,
salary
) VALUES (
p_emp_id,
p_first_name,
p_last_name,
p_email,
p_salary
);
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
BEGIN
sp_insert_employee(
p_emp_id => 1001,
p_first_name => 'John',
p_last_name => 'Doe',
p_email => 'john.doe@company.com',
p_salary => 50000
);
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT := 100;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_salary = salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = @v_emp_id;
IF v_salary IS NULL BEGIN
RAISE NO_DATA_FOUND;
END
ELSE IF v_salary < 1000 BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = 1000 WHERE employee_id = @v_emp_id;
END
END; | DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER := 100;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO v_salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = v_emp_id;
IF v_salary IS NULL THEN
RAISE NO_DATA_FOUND;
ELSIF v_salary < 1000 THEN
UPDATE employees SET salary = 1000 WHERE employee_id = v_emp_id;
END IF;
END; |
IF OBJECT_ID('update_employee_salary', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE update_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(
@emp_id IN AS NUMBER,
new_salary IN NUMBER
) AS
*** iables
salary_diff NUMBER;
BEGIN
*** ary difference
set @salary_diff = new_salary - (SELECT salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id);
*** ee's salary
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
*** ange
INSERT INTO salary_changes (employee_id, salary_diff, change_date)
VALUES (emp_id, salary_diff, GETDATE());
-- Co... SQLINES DEMO ***
COMMIT;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(
emp_id IN NUMBER,
new_salary IN NUMBER
) AS
-- Declare local variables
salary_diff NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Calculate the salary difference
salary_diff := new_salary - (SELECT salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id);
-- Update the employee's salary
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
-- Log the salary change
INSERT INTO salary_changes (employee_id, salary_diff, change_date)
VALUES (emp_id, salary_diff, SYSDATE);
-- Commit the changes
COMMIT;
END;
|
DECLARE @v_code FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_code = COUNT(*) FROM employees WHERE salary > 50000;
IF @v_code > 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Found ' + isnull(@v_code, '') + ' employees with salary greater than 50000.');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employees found with salary greater than 50000.');
END
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found in the table.');
END
END;
/
|
DECLARE v_code NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO v_code FROM employees WHERE salary > 50000;
IF v_code > 0 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Found ' || v_code || ' employees with salary greater than 50000.');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employees found with salary greater than 50000.');
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found in the table.');
END;
/
|
IF OBJECT_ID('ExampleProc', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE ExampleProc;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE ExampleProc (
@p_in_val IN AS VARCHAR2,
p_out_val OUT VARCHAR2
)
BEGIN
-- Er... SQLINES DEMO ***
BEGIN
*** may raise an error
SELECT *
FROM non_existing_table;
-- Ha... SQLINES DEMO ***
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
set @p_out_val = 'No data found';
END
END;
-- Co... SQLINES DEMO ***
IF p_in_val IS NULL BEGIN
set @p_out_val = 'NULL';
END
ELSE BEGIN
set @p_out_val = p_in_val;
END
-- SQ... SQLINES DEMO ***
INSERT INTO ExampleTable (col1, col2)
VALUES (p_in_val, p_out_val);
END;
DECLARE
@v_in_val VARCHAR(20) := 'Value In';
v_out_val dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
*** dure
dbo.ExampleProc(@v_in_val, v_out_val);
-- Di... SQLINES DEMO ***
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Value Out: ' + isnull(v_out_val, ''));
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE ExampleProc (
p_in_val IN VARCHAR2,
p_out_val OUT VARCHAR2
)
BEGIN
-- Error handling
BEGIN
-- Some action that may raise an error
SELECT *
FROM non_existing_table;
-- Handle error
EXCEPTION WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
p_out_val := 'No data found';
END;
-- Control flow
IF p_in_val IS NULL THEN
p_out_val := 'NULL';
ELSE
p_out_val := p_in_val;
END IF;
-- SQL statement
INSERT INTO ExampleTable (col1, col2)
VALUES (p_in_val, p_out_val);
END;
DECLARE
v_in_val VARCHAR2(20) := 'Value In';
v_out_val VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
-- Call stored procedure
ExampleProc(v_in_val, v_out_val);
-- Display output
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Value Out: ' || v_out_val);
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE Check_Salary(
@emp_id IN AS number,
salary IN out number
) AS
BEGIN
SELECT @salary = salary FROM employees WHERE emp_id = emp_id;
IF salary < 10000 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Salary must be atleast 10000.00', 16, 1);
END
END Check_Salary;
BEGIN
dbo.Check_Salary(100, :salary_var);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary is :' + ISNULL(CONVERT(VARCHAR, salary_var), ''));
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(SQLERRM);
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE Check_Salary(
emp_id IN number,
salary IN out number
) AS
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO salary FROM employees WHERE emp_id = emp_id;
IF salary < 10000 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Salary must be atleast 10000.00');
END IF;
END Check_Salary;
BEGIN
Check_Salary(100, :salary_var);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary is :' || TO_CHAR(salary_var));
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(SQLERRM);
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_customer_orders', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_customer_orders;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_customer_orders(@customer_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN SYS_REFCURSOR
RETURN NULL;
END; IS
orders_cursor SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
SELECT order_id, order_date, total_price
FROM orders
WHERE customer_id = customer_id;
RETURN orders_cursor;
END get_customer_orders;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_customer_orders(customer_id IN NUMBER) RETURN SYS_REFCURSOR IS
orders_cursor SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
OPEN orders_cursor FOR
SELECT order_id, order_date, total_price
FROM orders
WHERE customer_id = customer_id;
RETURN orders_cursor;
END get_customer_orders;
|
DECLARE
@l_emp_id DECIMAL(19,4) /* Use -meta option employee.employee_id%TYPE */;
BEGIN
DELETE FROM employee WHERE department_id = 20;
INSERT INTO log (event_time, event_type, employee_id)
VALUES (GETDATE(), 'DELETE', :l_emp_id);
END;
|
DECLARE
l_emp_id employee.employee_id%TYPE;
BEGIN
DELETE FROM employee WHERE department_id = 20;
INSERT INTO log (event_time, event_type, employee_id)
VALUES (SYSTIMESTAMP, 'DELETE', :l_emp_id);
END;
|
DECLARE
@l_max_sal FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @l_max_sal = MAX(salary) FROM employees;
IF @l_max_sal > 10000 BEGIN
INSERT INTO bonuses
(employee_id, bonus_amount, bonus_date)
VALUES
((SELECT employee_id FROM employees WHERE salary = @l_max_sal), 500, GETDATE());
END
ELSE IF @l_max_sal > 5000 BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * (1 + (@l_max_sal - 5000) / 20000)
WHERE salary > 5000;
END
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END; | DECLARE
l_max_sal NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT MAX(salary) INTO l_max_sal FROM employees;
IF l_max_sal > 10000 THEN
INSERT INTO bonuses
(employee_id, bonus_amount, bonus_date)
VALUES
((SELECT employee_id FROM employees WHERE salary = l_max_sal), 500, SYSDATE);
ELSIF l_max_sal > 5000 THEN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * (1 + (l_max_sal - 5000) / 20000)
WHERE salary > 5000;
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END; |
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
v_emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(100);
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = emp_id, @v_emp_name = emp_name, @v_salary = salary FROM employees WHERE emp_id = 1;
IF v_salary > 10000 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Salary is too high', 16, 1);
END
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.1 WHERE emp_id = @v_emp_id;
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_emp_name VARCHAR2(100);
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT emp_id, emp_name, salary INTO v_emp_id, v_emp_name, v_salary FROM employees WHERE emp_id = 1;
IF v_salary > 10000 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Salary is too high');
END IF;
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.1 WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_cursor SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
SELECT * FROM table_name
WHERE field_name = 'value';
WHILE 1=1 BEGIN
FETCH v_cursor INTO @v_fieldname;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BREAK;
*** ata
END;
CLOSE v_cursor;
EXIT;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
NULL;
END
*** und scenario
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
-- Ha... SQLINES DEMO ***
END;
|
DECLARE
v_cursor SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
OPEN v_cursor FOR
SELECT * FROM table_name
WHERE field_name = 'value';
LOOP
FETCH v_cursor INTO v_fieldname;
EXIT WHEN v_cursor%NOTFOUND;
-- Code to process data
END LOOP;
CLOSE v_cursor;
EXIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
NULL;
-- Handle no data found scenario
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
-- Handle other errors
END;
|
CREATE TABLE employee(id FLOAT, name VARCHAR(20), salary FLOAT);
INSERT INTO employee VALUES(1, 'John', 1000);
INSERT INTO employee VALUES(2, 'Mary', 2000);
SELECT * FROM employee;
UPDATE employee SET salary = salary * 1.1 WHERE name = 'John';
COMMIT;
BEGIN
DELETE FROM employee WHERE name = 'Mary';
COMMIT;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
NULL;
END
END;
|
CREATE TABLE employee(id NUMBER, name VARCHAR2(20), salary NUMBER);
INSERT INTO employee VALUES(1, 'John', 1000);
INSERT INTO employee VALUES(2, 'Mary', 2000);
SELECT * FROM employee;
UPDATE employee SET salary = salary * 1.1 WHERE name = 'John';
COMMIT;
BEGIN
DELETE FROM employee WHERE name = 'Mary';
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
NULL;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_name VARCHAR(50) := 'John Doe';
v_balance SET @NUMBER = 10000;
BEGIN
UPDATE accounts SET balance = balance + v_balance WHERE name = @v_name;
IF @@ROWCOUNT = 0 BEGIN
INSERT INTO accounts (name, balance) VALUES (@v_name, v_balance);
END
COMMIT;
END;
|
DECLARE
v_name VARCHAR2(50) := 'John Doe';
v_balance NUMBER := 10000;
BEGIN
UPDATE accounts SET balance = balance + v_balance WHERE name = v_name;
IF SQL%ROWCOUNT = 0 THEN
INSERT INTO accounts (name, balance) VALUES (v_name, v_balance);
END IF;
COMMIT;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_emp_salary', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_emp_salary;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_emp_salary(@emp_id FLOAT) RETURNS FLOAT AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @salary FLOAT;
SELECT @salary = @salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = @emp_id;
IF @salary IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
RETURN @salary;
END;
DECLARE
@emp_salary FLOAT;
BEGIN
SET @emp_salary = dbo.get_emp_salary(100);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee salary: ' + isnull(@emp_salary, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with the given ID');
END
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An unexpected error occurred');
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_emp_salary(emp_id NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
IF salary IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
RETURN salary;
END;
DECLARE
emp_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
emp_salary := get_emp_salary(100);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee salary: ' || emp_salary);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with the given ID');
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An unexpected error occurred');
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_empno FLOAT := 2341;
v_empname dbo.VARCHAR2(25);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_empname = ename FROM emp WHERE empno = @v_empno;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' + isnull(v_empname, ''));
IF v_empname IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
UPDATE emp SET sal = sal * 1.10 WHERE empno = @v_empno;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
DECLARE
v_empno NUMBER := 2341;
v_empname VARCHAR2(25);
BEGIN
SELECT ename INTO v_empname FROM emp WHERE empno = v_empno;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' || v_empname);
IF v_empname IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
UPDATE emp SET sal = sal * 1.10 WHERE empno = v_empno;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
BEGIN
-- De... SQLINES DEMO ***
v_empno NUMBER;
v_ename dbo.VARCHAR2(30);
v_sal NUMBER;
*** rmation
SELECT @v_empno = empno, @v_ename = ename, @v_sal = sal FROM emp WHERE empno = 7839;
*** nformation
UPDATE emp SET sal = v_sal + 1000 WHERE empno = v_empno;
-- Co... SQLINES DEMO ***
COMMIT;
*** lary
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Updated salary: ' + isnull(v_sal + 1000, ''));
-- Ha... SQLINES DEMO ***
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- Ro... SQLINES DEMO ***
ROLLBACK;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
BEGIN
-- Declare variables
v_empno NUMBER;
v_ename VARCHAR2(30);
v_sal NUMBER;
-- Get employee information
SELECT empno, ename, sal INTO v_empno, v_ename, v_sal FROM emp WHERE empno = 7839;
-- Update employee information
UPDATE emp SET sal = v_sal + 1000 WHERE empno = v_empno;
-- Commit changes
COMMIT;
-- Output updated salary
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Updated salary: ' || v_sal + 1000);
-- Handle errors
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- Rollback changes
ROLLBACK;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
DECLARE
@emp_id SMALLINT;
emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(30);
salary ROW_NUMBER(8, 2);
BEGIN
SELECT @emp_id = employee_id,
@emp_name = isnull(first_name, '') + ' ' + isnull(last_name, ''),
@salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 100;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' + isnull(emp_name, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' + ISNULL(CONVERT(VARCHAR, salary), ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found.');
END
END;
|
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER(4);
emp_name VARCHAR2(30);
salary NUMBER(8, 2);
BEGIN
SELECT employee_id,
first_name || ' ' || last_name,
salary
INTO emp_id,
emp_name,
salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 100;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' || emp_name);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' || TO_CHAR(salary));
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found.');
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_info', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employee_info;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_info(@emp_id FLOAT)
RETURNS SYS_REFCURSOR AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @emp_ref CURSOR;
SELECT * FROM employees WHERE employee_id = @emp_id;
RETURN @emp_ref;
END;
GO
DECLARE
@emp_info SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
SET @emp_info = dbo.get_employee_info(10);
WHILE 1=1 BEGIN
FETCH emp_info INTO @emp_id, @first_name, @last_name;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BREAK;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' + isnull(emp_id, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('First Name: ' + isnull(first_name, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Last Name: ' + isnull(last_name, ''));
END;
CLOSE emp_info;
END;
/
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employee_info(emp_id NUMBER)
RETURN SYS_REFCURSOR IS
emp_ref CURSOR;
BEGIN
OPEN emp_ref FOR
SELECT * FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN emp_ref;
END;
/
DECLARE
emp_info SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
emp_info := get_employee_info(10);
LOOP
FETCH emp_info INTO emp_id, first_name, last_name;
EXIT WHEN emp_info%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' || emp_id);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('First Name: ' || first_name);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Last Name: ' || last_name);
END LOOP;
CLOSE emp_info;
END;
/
|
IF OBJECT_ID('sp_customer_update', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE sp_customer_update;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE sp_customer_update(
@p_customer_id IN AS NUMBER,
p_first_name IN VARCHAR2,
p_last_name IN VARCHAR2
)
AS
BEGIN
UPDATE customers
SET first_name = p_first_name,
last_name = p_last_name
WHERE customer_id = p_customer_id;
COMMIT;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
@v_customer_id FLOAT := 1;
v_first_name dbo.VARCHAR2(20) := 'John';
v_last_name dbo.VARCHAR2(20) := 'Doe';
BEGIN
dbo.sp_customer_update(p_customer_id, v_first_name, v_last_name);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE sp_customer_update(
p_customer_id IN NUMBER,
p_first_name IN VARCHAR2,
p_last_name IN VARCHAR2
)
AS
BEGIN
UPDATE customers
SET first_name = p_first_name,
last_name = p_last_name
WHERE customer_id = p_customer_id;
COMMIT;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
v_customer_id NUMBER := 1;
v_first_name VARCHAR2(20) := 'John';
v_last_name VARCHAR2(20) := 'Doe';
BEGIN
sp_customer_update(p_customer_id, v_first_name, v_last_name);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_salary', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(@employee_id FLOAT) RETURNS FLOAT AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @salary FLOAT;
SELECT @salary = @salary FROM employees WHERE @employee_id = @employee_id;
RETURN @salary;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN NULL;
END
END;
IF OBJECT_ID('update_employee_salary', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE update_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(@employee_id FLOAT, @new_salary FLOAT) AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
UPDATE employees SET salary = @new_salary WHERE @employee_id = @employee_id;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
RAISERROR('-20001 Duplicate employee ID', 16, 1);
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE @employee_id FLOAT := 100;
DECLARE @salary FLOAT;
BEGIN
SET @salary = dbo.get_employee_salary(@employee_id);
IF @salary IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20002 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
SET @salary = @salary + 1000;
dbo.update_employee_salary(@employee_id, @salary);
END;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred');
ROLLBACK;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(employee_id NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
RETURN salary;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN NULL;
END;
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(employee_id NUMBER, new_salary NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Duplicate employee ID');
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE employee_id NUMBER := 100;
DECLARE salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
salary := get_employee_salary(employee_id);
IF salary IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20002, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
salary := salary + 1000;
update_employee_salary(employee_id, salary);
END;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred');
ROLLBACK;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE sp_Example
(@p_Input VARCHAR(4000)) AS
v_Output VARCHAR2;
BEGIN
SET @v_Output = 'Hello, ' + ISNULL(p_Input, '');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISERROR('-20000 Error occurred', 16, 1);
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE sp_Example
(p_Input VARCHAR2) AS
v_Output VARCHAR2;
BEGIN
v_Output := 'Hello, ' || p_Input;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, 'Error occurred');
END;
|
DECLARE
@name VARCHAR(50);
salary ROW_NUMBER(10, 2);
BEGIN
SELECT @name = ename, @salary = sal
FROM emp
WHERE empno = 7934;
IF salary > 10000 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('High salary');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Low salary');
END
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END
END; | DECLARE
name VARCHAR2(50);
salary NUMBER(10, 2);
BEGIN
SELECT ename, sal
INTO name, salary
FROM emp
WHERE empno = 7934;
IF salary > 10000 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('High salary');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Low salary');
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END; |
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_info (@employee_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN SYS_REFCURSOR
RETURN NULL;
END; AS
rc SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
SELECT * FROM employees WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
RETURN rc;
END;
/
DECLARE
@emp_info SYS_REFCURSOR;
employee_id NUMBER;
BEGIN
SET @employee_id = 100;
SET @emp_info = dbo.get_employee_info(employee_id);
WHILE 1=1 BEGIN
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BREAK;
FETCH emp_info INTO @employee_id;
dbms_output.put_line(employee_id);
END;
CLOSE emp_info;
END;
/
|
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_info (employee_id IN NUMBER) RETURN SYS_REFCURSOR AS
rc SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
OPEN rc FOR SELECT * FROM employees WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
RETURN rc;
END;
/
DECLARE
emp_info SYS_REFCURSOR;
employee_id NUMBER;
BEGIN
employee_id := 100;
emp_info := get_employee_info(employee_id);
LOOP
EXIT WHEN emp_info%NOTFOUND;
FETCH emp_info INTO employee_id;
dbms_output.put_line(employee_id);
END LOOP;
CLOSE emp_info;
END;
/
|
CREATE FUNCTION random_word(@n FLOAT) RETURNS VARCHAR(4000)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE (
SELECT
SUBSTRING(
'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz',
1 + ROUND(DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE * 25, 0),
1
)
RETURN NULL;
END;
FROM
DUAL
CONNECT BY LEVEL <= n
);
DECLARE
@name VARCHAR(10);
BEGIN
SET @name = dbo.random_word(6);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Random Name: ' + isnull(@name, ''));
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END; | CREATE FUNCTION random_word(n NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2
AS
(
SELECT
SUBSTR(
'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz',
1 + ROUND(DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE * 25),
1
)
FROM
DUAL
CONNECT BY LEVEL <= n
);
DECLARE
name VARCHAR2(10);
BEGIN
name := random_word(6);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Random Name: ' || name);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: ' || SQLERRM);
END; |
IF OBJECT_ID('generate_employee_report', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE generate_employee_report;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE generate_employee_report
AS
CURSOR emp_cur IS
SELECT employee_id, last_name, first_name, salary
FROM employees;
BEGIN
-- De... SQLINES DEMO ***
TYPE emp_rec IS RECORD (
employee_id NUMBER,
last_name dbo.VARCHAR2(25),
first_name dbo.VARCHAR2(25),
salary NUMBER
);
emp emp_rec;
-- Op... SQLINES DEMO ***
OPEN emp_cur;
*** ocess
WHILE 1=1 BEGIN
FETCH emp_cur INTO @emp;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BREAK;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(isnull(emp.employee_id, '') + ' ' + isnull(emp.last_name, '') + ', ' +
isnull(emp.first_name, '') + ' ' + isnull(emp.salary, ''));
END;
-- Cl... SQLINES DEMO ***
CLOSE emp_cur;
END;
/
-- Ca... SQLINES DEMO ***
EXEC generate_employee_report;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE generate_employee_report
AS
CURSOR emp_cur IS
SELECT employee_id, last_name, first_name, salary
FROM employees;
BEGIN
-- Declare variables
TYPE emp_rec IS RECORD (
employee_id NUMBER,
last_name VARCHAR2(25),
first_name VARCHAR2(25),
salary NUMBER
);
emp emp_rec;
-- Open cursor
OPEN emp_cur;
-- Fetch data and process
LOOP
FETCH emp_cur INTO emp;
EXIT WHEN emp_cur%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(emp.employee_id || ' ' || emp.last_name || ', ' ||
emp.first_name || ' ' || emp.salary);
END LOOP;
-- Close cursor
CLOSE emp_cur;
END;
/
-- Call the procedure
EXEC generate_employee_report;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_salary', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(@emp_id IN NUMBERDECLARE )
RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END; IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @salary = salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN salary;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(emp_id IN NUMBER)
RETURN NUMBER IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN salary;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('GetAverageSalary', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION GetAverageSalary;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION GetAverageSalary(@emp_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END; IS
avg_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @avg_salary = AVG(salary) FROM emp WHERE emp_id = emp_id;
RETURN avg_salary;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN NULL;
END
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION GetAverageSalary(emp_id IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS
avg_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT AVG(salary) INTO avg_salary FROM emp WHERE emp_id = emp_id;
RETURN avg_salary;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN NULL;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_product_details', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_product_details;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_product_details(@product_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN PRODUCT_DETAILS_TYPE
RETURN NULL;
END; AS
BEGIN
RETURN (SELECT * FROM products WHERE product_id = product_id);
END;
/
IF OBJECT_ID('update_product_name', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE update_product_name;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE update_product_name(@product_id IN AS NUMBER, new_name IN VARCHAR2) AS
BEGIN
UPDATE products SET product_name = new_name WHERE product_id = product_id;
COMMIT;
END;
/
BEGIN
DECLARE @i INT = 1;
WHILE @i <= 10 BEGIN
INSERT INTO orders (order_date, customer_id, product_id, quantity)
VALUES (GETDATE(), 1, i, 1);
END;
COMMIT;
END;
/
DECLARE
@error_code FLOAT;
error_message dbo.VARCHAR2(200);
BEGIN
BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20000 An unexpected error occurred.', 16, 1);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
SET @error_code = @@ERROR;
SET @error_message = SQLERRM;
END;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error code: ' + isnull(@error_code, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error message: ' + isnull(error_message, ''));
END;
/
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_product_details(product_id IN NUMBER) RETURN PRODUCT_DETAILS_TYPE AS
BEGIN
RETURN (SELECT * FROM products WHERE product_id = product_id);
END;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_product_name(product_id IN NUMBER, new_name IN VARCHAR2) AS
BEGIN
UPDATE products SET product_name = new_name WHERE product_id = product_id;
COMMIT;
END;
/
BEGIN
FOR i IN 1..10 LOOP
INSERT INTO orders (order_date, customer_id, product_id, quantity)
VALUES (SYSDATE, 1, i, 1);
END LOOP;
COMMIT;
END;
/
DECLARE
error_code NUMBER;
error_message VARCHAR2(200);
BEGIN
BEGIN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, 'An unexpected error occurred.');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
error_code := SQLCODE;
error_message := SQLERRM;
END;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error code: ' || error_code);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error message: ' || error_message);
END;
/
|
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_name(@emp_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN VARCHAR2
RETURN NULL;
END; IS
emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
SELECT @emp_name = isnull(first_name, '') + ' ' + isnull(last_name, '')
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN emp_name;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN NULL;
END
END get_employee_name;
BEGIN
DECLARE @emp_name VARCHAR(50);
SET @emp_name = dbo.get_employee_name(100);
IF @emp_name IS NOT NULL BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee name: ' + isnull(@emp_name, ''));
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END
END;
|
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_name(emp_id IN NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
emp_name VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
SELECT first_name || ' ' || last_name
INTO emp_name
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN emp_name;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN NULL;
END get_employee_name;
BEGIN
DECLARE emp_name VARCHAR2(50);
emp_name := get_employee_name(100);
IF emp_name IS NOT NULL THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee name: ' || emp_name);
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END IF;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_empno FLOAT := 10;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_salary = salary FROM emp WHERE empno = @v_empno;
IF v_salary > 10000 BEGIN
UPDATE emp SET salary = salary * 1.1 WHERE empno = @v_empno;
END
ELSE IF v_salary < 5000 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Salary too low', 16, 1);
END
COMMIT;
END;
|
DECLARE
v_empno NUMBER := 10;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO v_salary FROM emp WHERE empno = v_empno;
IF v_salary > 10000 THEN
UPDATE emp SET salary = salary * 1.1 WHERE empno = v_empno;
ELSIF v_salary < 5000 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Salary too low');
END IF;
COMMIT;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('my_proc', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE my_proc;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE my_proc
(
@in_param1 IN AS VARCHAR2,
out_param2 OUT VARCHAR2
)
AS
BEGIN
SELECT @out_param2 = name
FROM my_table
WHERE id = in_param1;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
raiserror('-20000 Error in my_proc: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''), 16, 1);
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE my_proc
(
in_param1 IN VARCHAR2,
out_param2 OUT VARCHAR2
)
AS
BEGIN
SELECT name
INTO out_param2
FROM my_table
WHERE id = in_param1;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
raise_application_error(-20000, 'Error in my_proc: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
BEGIN
-- De... SQLINES DEMO ***
v_emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
v_salary ROW_NUMBER(10,2);
*** data
SELECT @v_emp_name = emp_name, @v_salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE emp_id = 1;
*** s greater than $50,000
IF v_salary > 50000 BEGIN
*** by 10%
UPDATE employees
SET salary = salary * 1.10
WHERE emp_id = 1;
-- Co... SQLINES DEMO ***
COMMIT;
END
ELSE BEGIN
*** sage
RAISERROR('-20001 Salary is not greater than $50,000', 16, 1);
END
END;
|
BEGIN
-- Declare variables
v_emp_name VARCHAR2(20);
v_salary NUMBER(10,2);
-- Retrieve employee data
SELECT emp_name, salary
INTO v_emp_name, v_salary
FROM employees
WHERE emp_id = 1;
-- Check if salary is greater than $50,000
IF v_salary > 50000 THEN
-- Increment salary by 10%
UPDATE employees
SET salary = salary * 1.10
WHERE emp_id = 1;
-- Commit changes
COMMIT;
ELSE
-- Display error message
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Salary is not greater than $50,000');
END IF;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_empno FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_empno = empno
FROM emp
WHERE last_name = 'Jones';
IF @v_empno IS NULL BEGIN
INSERT INTO emp (empno, last_name) VALUES (9999, 'Jones');
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_empno NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT empno
INTO v_empno
FROM emp
WHERE last_name = 'Jones';
IF v_empno IS NULL THEN
INSERT INTO emp (empno, last_name) VALUES (9999, 'Jones');
END IF;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_custno FLOAT;
v_balance NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_custno = custno, @v_balance = balance
FROM customers
WHERE custno = 100;
IF v_balance < 0 BEGIN
raiserror('-20000 Negative balance', 16, 1);
END
UPDATE customers
SET balance = balance - 100
WHERE custno = @v_custno;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
DECLARE
v_custno NUMBER;
v_balance NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT custno, balance
INTO v_custno, v_balance
FROM customers
WHERE custno = 100;
IF v_balance < 0 THEN
raise_application_error(-20000, 'Negative balance');
END IF;
UPDATE customers
SET balance = balance - 100
WHERE custno = v_custno;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(@emp_id IN AS NUMBER, new_salary IN NUMBER)
IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
/
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT := 100;
new_salary SET @NUMBER = 15000;
BEGIN
dbo.UPDATE_EMPLOYEE_SALARY(@emp_id, new_salary);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISERROR('-20000 Error occurred while updating employee salary', 16, 1);
END;
/
|
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(emp_id IN NUMBER, new_salary IN NUMBER)
IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
/
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER := 100;
new_salary NUMBER := 15000;
BEGIN
UPDATE_EMPLOYEE_SALARY(emp_id, new_salary);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, 'Error occurred while updating employee salary');
END;
/
|
IF OBJECT_ID('increment_employee_salary', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE increment_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE increment_employee_salary(
@p_empid IN AS NUMBER,
p_inc IN NUMBER)
IS
v_old_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_old_salary = salary FROM employees WHERE empid = p_empid;
UPDATE employees SET salary = v_old_salary + p_inc WHERE empid = p_empid;
COMMIT;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE increment_employee_salary(
p_empid IN NUMBER,
p_inc IN NUMBER)
IS
v_old_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO v_old_salary FROM employees WHERE empid = p_empid;
UPDATE employees SET salary = v_old_salary + p_inc WHERE empid = p_empid;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_empno FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_empno = empno
FROM emp
WHERE ename = 'JOHN';
IF @v_empno IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
UPDATE emp
SET sal = sal * 1.1
WHERE empno = @v_empno;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20002 No data found for employee', 16, 1);
END
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
RAISERROR('-20003 Duplicate value on unique index', 16, 1);
END;
|
DECLARE
v_empno NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT empno
INTO v_empno
FROM emp
WHERE ename = 'JOHN';
IF v_empno IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
UPDATE emp
SET sal = sal * 1.1
WHERE empno = v_empno;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20002, 'No data found for employee');
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20003, 'Duplicate value on unique index');
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('generate_sales_report', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE generate_sales_report;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE generate_sales_report(
@start_date DATE,
@end_date DATE,
@sales_target FLOAT
)
AS
sales_total NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @sales_total = SUM(sales_amount)
FROM sales
WHERE sale_date BETWEEN start_date AND end_date;
IF sales_total < sales_target BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Sales target not met', 16, 1);
END
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Sales report generated successfully');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred while generating the sales report');
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE generate_sales_report(
start_date DATE,
end_date DATE,
sales_target NUMBER
)
AS
sales_total NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT SUM(sales_amount)
INTO sales_total
FROM sales
WHERE sale_date BETWEEN start_date AND end_date;
IF sales_total < sales_target THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Sales target not met');
END IF;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Sales report generated successfully');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred while generating the sales report');
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_empno FLOAT;
v_ename dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_ename = ename, @v_empno = empno FROM emp WHERE empno = 7369;
IF @v_empno IS NULL BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ' + isnull(v_ename, '') + ' not found');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ' + isnull(v_ename, '') + ' found with empno ' + isnull(@v_empno, ''));
END
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found for employee with empno ' + isnull(@v_empno, ''));
END
END;
/ | DECLARE
v_empno NUMBER;
v_ename VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT ename, empno INTO v_ename, v_empno FROM emp WHERE empno = 7369;
IF v_empno IS NULL THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ' || v_ename || ' not found');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ' || v_ename || ' found with empno ' || v_empno);
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found for employee with empno ' || v_empno);
END;
/ |
declare
@v_emp_id float;
begin
select @v_emp_id = employee_id from employees where last_name = 'King';
if @v_emp_id is null begin
raiserror('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
end
update employees set salary = salary * 1.1 where employee_id = @v_emp_id;
commit;
end;
|
declare
v_emp_id number;
begin
select employee_id into v_emp_id from employees where last_name = 'King';
if v_emp_id is null then
raise_application_error(-20001, 'Employee not found');
end if;
update employees set salary = salary * 1.1 where employee_id = v_emp_id;
commit;
end;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE UpdateEmployeeSalary (
@emp_id FLOAT,
@new_salary FLOAT
)
AS
*** iables
old_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Ge... SQLINES DEMO ***
SELECT @old_salary = salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
-- Up... SQLINES DEMO ***
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
*** ry was updated successfully
IF old_salary IS NULL OR old_salary <> new_salary BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Salary update failed.', 16, 1);
END
END UpdateEmployeeSalary;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE UpdateEmployeeSalary (
emp_id NUMBER,
new_salary NUMBER
)
IS
-- Declare local variables
old_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Get the old salary
SELECT salary INTO old_salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
-- Update the salary
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
-- Check if the salary was updated successfully
IF old_salary IS NULL OR old_salary <> new_salary THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Salary update failed.');
END IF;
END UpdateEmployeeSalary;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_salary', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE get_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE get_employee_salary(@emp_id IN AS NUMBER) AS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
IF salary IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' + ISNULL(CONVERT(VARCHAR, salary), ''));
END
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE get_employee_salary(emp_id IN NUMBER) AS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary
INTO salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
IF salary IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' || TO_CHAR(salary));
END IF;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE get_product_details(@product_id IN AS NUMBER, OUT product_name VARCHAR2, OUT unit_price NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
SELECT @product_name = product_name, @unit_price = unit_price FROM products WHERE product_id = product_id;
END;
CREATE FUNCTION get_product_count() RETURNS FLOAT AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @cnt FLOAT;
SELECT @cnt = COUNT(*) FROM products;
RETURN @cnt;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
@product_name VARCHAR(100);
unit_price NUMBER;
BEGIN
dbo.get_product_details(12345, @product_name, unit_price);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(isnull(@product_name, '') + ' costs ' + isnull(unit_price, ''));
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error getting product details.');
END;
DECLARE
@product_count FLOAT := dbo.get_product_count();
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('There are ' + isnull(@product_count, '') + ' products in the database.');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error getting product count.');
END;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE get_product_details(product_id IN NUMBER, OUT product_name VARCHAR2, OUT unit_price NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
SELECT product_name, unit_price INTO product_name, unit_price FROM products WHERE product_id = product_id;
END;
CREATE FUNCTION get_product_count() RETURN NUMBER AS
cnt NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO cnt FROM products;
RETURN cnt;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
product_name VARCHAR2(100);
unit_price NUMBER;
BEGIN
get_product_details(12345, product_name, unit_price);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(product_name || ' costs ' || unit_price);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error getting product details.');
END;
DECLARE
product_count NUMBER := get_product_count();
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('There are ' || product_count || ' products in the database.');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error getting product count.');
END;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('inc_emp_salary', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE inc_emp_salary;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE inc_emp_salary(@emp_id IN AS NUMBER, amt IN NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
*** e salary by the specified amount
UPDATE emp SET salary = salary + amt
WHERE empno = emp_id;
*** n if the salary would be negative after the increment
IF salary < 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20000 Salary cannot be negative', 16, 1);
END
END inc_emp_salary;
BEGIN
*** crement the salary of employee with ID 10 by 100
dbo.inc_emp_salary(10, 100);
*** that may have occurred during the procedure execution
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE inc_emp_salary(emp_id IN NUMBER, amt IN NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
-- Increment employee salary by the specified amount
UPDATE emp SET salary = salary + amt
WHERE empno = emp_id;
-- Raise an exception if the salary would be negative after the increment
IF salary < 0 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, 'Salary cannot be negative');
END IF;
END inc_emp_salary;
BEGIN
-- Example usage: Increment the salary of employee with ID 10 by 100
inc_emp_salary(10, 100);
-- Catch any errors that may have occurred during the procedure execution
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_deptno FLOAT:=20;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_salary = salary FROM emp WHERE deptno=@v_deptno;
IF v_salary>2000 BEGIN
UPDATE emp SET salary=v_salary*1.10 WHERE deptno=@v_deptno;
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salaries updated successfully for department '+isnull(@v_deptno, ''));
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No salaries updated for department '+isnull(@v_deptno, ''));
END
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employees found in department '+isnull(@v_deptno, ''));
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_deptno NUMBER:=20;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO v_salary FROM emp WHERE deptno=v_deptno;
IF v_salary>2000 THEN
UPDATE emp SET salary=v_salary*1.10 WHERE deptno=v_deptno;
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salaries updated successfully for department '||v_deptno);
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No salaries updated for department '||v_deptno);
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employees found in department '||v_deptno);
END;
|
BEGIN
BEGIN
INSERT INTO Employees (EmployeeID, FirstName, LastName, Email, PhoneNumber, HireDate, JobID, DepartmentID)
VALUES (201, 'John', 'Doe', 'john.doe@mycompany.com', '555-1212', CONVERT(DATETIME, CONVERT(DATE, GETDATE())), 'IT_PROG', 20);
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
DECLARE
@v_employeeID FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_employeeID = EmployeeID
FROM Employees
WHERE LastName = 'Doe';
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' + ISNULL(@v_employeeID, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with the last name Doe.');
END
END;
UPDATE Employees
SET Salary = Salary * 1.10
WHERE JobID = 'IT_PROG';
DELETE FROM Employees
WHERE EmployeeID = 201;
END;
|
BEGIN
BEGIN
INSERT INTO Employees (EmployeeID, FirstName, LastName, Email, PhoneNumber, HireDate, JobID, DepartmentID)
VALUES (201, 'John', 'Doe', 'john.doe@mycompany.com', '555-1212', TRUNC(SYSDATE), 'IT_PROG', 20);
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
DECLARE
v_employeeID NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT EmployeeID
INTO v_employeeID
FROM Employees
WHERE LastName = 'Doe';
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' || v_employeeID);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with the last name Doe.');
END;
UPDATE Employees
SET Salary = Salary * 1.10
WHERE JobID = 'IT_PROG';
DELETE FROM Employees
WHERE EmployeeID = 201;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_empno FLOAT := 10;
BEGIN
*** nformation
SELECT @emp_record = *
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = @v_empno;
*** alary
UPDATE employees
SET salary = salary * 1.10
WHERE employee_id = @v_empno;
-- In... SQLINES DEMO ***
INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, email)
VALUES (20, 'John', 'Doe', 'john.doe@example.com');
-- De... SQLINES DEMO ***
DELETE FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 30;
*** call
CALL my_stored_procedure(@v_empno);
-- Fu... SQLINES DEMO ***
SELECT dbo.my_function(@v_empno);
-- Co... SQLINES DEMO ***
IF @v_empno > 15 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Employee is eligible for promotion');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Employee is not eligible for promotion');
END
-- Er... SQLINES DEMO ***
BEGIN
*** se an error
RAISERROR('-20000 Custom error message', 16, 1);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('An error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
END;
|
DECLARE
v_empno NUMBER := 10;
BEGIN
-- Select employee information
SELECT * INTO emp_record
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = v_empno;
-- Update employee salary
UPDATE employees
SET salary = salary * 1.10
WHERE employee_id = v_empno;
-- Insert new employee
INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name, email)
VALUES (20, 'John', 'Doe', 'john.doe@example.com');
-- Delete employee
DELETE FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 30;
-- Stored procedure call
CALL my_stored_procedure(v_empno);
-- Function call
SELECT my_function(v_empno) FROM dual;
-- Control flow
IF v_empno > 15 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Employee is eligible for promotion');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Employee is not eligible for promotion');
END IF;
-- Error handling
BEGIN
-- Code that may raise an error
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, 'Custom error message');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('An error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
END;
|
sql
DECLARE
@v_empno FLOAT;
v_ename dbo.VARCHAR2(30);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_empno = empno, @v_ename = ename FROM employees WHERE empno = 7788;
IF v_ename IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found.', 16, 1);
END
ELSE BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET ename = 'SCOTT' WHERE empno = @v_empno;
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee updated successfully.');
END
END;
/
| sql
DECLARE
v_empno NUMBER;
v_ename VARCHAR2(30);
BEGIN
SELECT empno, ename INTO v_empno, v_ename FROM employees WHERE empno = 7788;
IF v_ename IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found.');
ELSE
UPDATE employees SET ename = 'SCOTT' WHERE empno = v_empno;
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee updated successfully.');
END IF;
END;
/
|
DECLARE
@emp_id INTEGER;
BEGIN
SELECT @emp_id = employee_id
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'King';
IF @emp_id IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee ''King'' not found.', 16, 1);
END
UPDATE employees
SET last_name = 'King' + ' (updated)'
WHERE employee_id = @emp_id;
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee King updated');
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee with that name exists');
END
END;
|
DECLARE
emp_id INTEGER;
BEGIN
SELECT employee_id
INTO emp_id
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'King';
IF emp_id IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee ''King'' not found.');
END IF;
UPDATE employees
SET last_name = 'King' || ' (updated)'
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee King updated');
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee with that name exists');
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('my_proc', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE my_proc;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE my_proc(@p_id IN AS NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
*** iables
v_name dbo.VARCHAR2(50);
v_salary NUMBER;
*** atabase
SELECT @v_name = name, @v_salary = salary FROM employees WHERE id = p_id;
*** tails
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' + isnull(v_name, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' + isnull(v_salary, ''));
*** n if salary is less than 1000
IF v_salary < 1000 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Salary cannot be less than 1000', 16, 1);
END
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE my_proc(p_id IN NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
-- Declare local variables
v_name VARCHAR2(50);
v_salary NUMBER;
-- Fetch data from database
SELECT name, salary INTO v_name, v_salary FROM employees WHERE id = p_id;
-- Print employee details
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' || v_name);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' || v_salary);
-- Raise an exception if salary is less than 1000
IF v_salary < 1000 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Salary cannot be less than 1000');
END IF;
END;
|
*** rocedure with an input parameter
CREATE PROCEDURE GetEmployeeInfo(@emp_id IN AS NUMBER) AS
*** iables
emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(100);
emp_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
*** e for the employee information
SELECT @emp_name = ename, @emp_salary = sal FROM emp WHERE empno = emp_id;
*** ee information
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' + isnull(emp_name, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Salary: ' + isnull(emp_salary, ''));
END;
*** to calculate the total salary of all employees
CREATE FUNCTION GetTotalSalary() RETURNS FLOAT AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @total_salary FLOAT;
*** e for the total salary
SELECT @total_salary = SUM(sal) FROM emp;
*** salary
RETURN @total_salary;
END;
*** ement to insert a new employee
INSERT INTO emp(empno, ename, sal) VALUES (100, 'John Doe', 50000);
*** flow construct to check if an employee exists
DECLARE
@emp_exists BIT;
BEGIN
*** e to check if the employee exists
SELECT @emp_exists = COUNT(*) FROM emp WHERE empno = 100;
*** xists, output a message
IF @emp_exists BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee exists');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee does not exist');
END
END;
*** andling scenario to catch an exception when inserting a duplicate employee
BEGIN
*** uplicate employee
INSERT INTO emp(empno, ename, sal) VALUES (100, 'John Doe', 50000);
EXCEPTION
*** on and output an error message
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Duplicate employee error');
END;
|
-- Create a stored procedure with an input parameter
CREATE PROCEDURE GetEmployeeInfo(emp_id IN NUMBER) AS
-- Declare local variables
emp_name VARCHAR2(100);
emp_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Query the database for the employee information
SELECT ename, sal INTO emp_name, emp_salary FROM emp WHERE empno = emp_id;
-- Output the employee information
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' || emp_name);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Salary: ' || emp_salary);
END;
-- Create a function to calculate the total salary of all employees
CREATE FUNCTION GetTotalSalary() RETURN NUMBER AS
total_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Query the database for the total salary
SELECT SUM(sal) INTO total_salary FROM emp;
-- Return the total salary
RETURN total_salary;
END;
-- Create a SQL statement to insert a new employee
INSERT INTO emp(empno, ename, sal) VALUES (100, 'John Doe', 50000);
-- Create a control flow construct to check if an employee exists
DECLARE
emp_exists BOOLEAN;
BEGIN
-- Query the database to check if the employee exists
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO emp_exists FROM emp WHERE empno = 100;
-- If the employee exists, output a message
IF emp_exists THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee exists');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee does not exist');
END IF;
END;
-- Create an error handling scenario to catch an exception when inserting a duplicate employee
BEGIN
-- Try to insert a duplicate employee
INSERT INTO emp(empno, ename, sal) VALUES (100, 'John Doe', 50000);
EXCEPTION
-- Catch the exception and output an error message
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Duplicate employee error');
END;
|
BEGIN
-- De... SQLINES DEMO ***
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(50);
v_salary NUMBER;
*** variables
set @v_emp_id = 100;
set @v_emp_name = 'John Doe';
set @v_salary = 10000;
*** table
INSERT INTO employees (emp_id, emp_name, salary)
VALUES (v_emp_id, v_emp_name, v_salary);
-- Co... SQLINES DEMO ***
COMMIT;
END;
|
BEGIN
-- Declare variables
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_emp_name VARCHAR2(50);
v_salary NUMBER;
-- Assign values to variables
v_emp_id := 100;
v_emp_name := 'John Doe';
v_salary := 10000;
-- Insert data into table
INSERT INTO employees (emp_id, emp_name, salary)
VALUES (v_emp_id, v_emp_name, v_salary);
-- Commit changes
COMMIT;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('my_proc', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE my_proc;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE my_proc (
@p_id IN AS NUMBER,
p_name IN VARCHAR2
)
AS
BEGIN
IF p_id IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 ID cannot be null', 16, 1);
END
UPDATE employees
SET name = p_name
WHERE id = p_id;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE my_proc (
p_id IN NUMBER,
p_name IN VARCHAR2
)
AS
BEGIN
IF p_id IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'ID cannot be null');
END IF;
UPDATE employees
SET name = p_name
WHERE id = p_id;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_salary', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(@employee_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END; IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @salary = salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
IF salary IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
RETURN salary;
END;
IF OBJECT_ID('update_employee_salary', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE update_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(@employee_id IN AS NUMBER, salary IN NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
IF @@ROWCOUNT = 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20002 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(employee_id IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
IF salary IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
RETURN salary;
END;
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(employee_id IN NUMBER, salary IN NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
IF SQL%ROWCOUNT = 0 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20002, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('update_customer', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE update_customer;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE update_customer(
@p_customer_id IN AS NUMBER,
p_new_address IN VARCHAR2
) IS
l_old_address dbo.VARCHAR2(255);
BEGIN
SELECT @l_old_address = address
FROM customers
WHERE customer_id = p_customer_id;
IF l_old_address = p_new_address BEGIN
RETURN;
END
UPDATE customers
SET address = p_new_address
WHERE customer_id = p_customer_id;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer address updated.');
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No customer found with that ID.');
END
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An unexpected error occurred.');
END update_customer;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_customer(
p_customer_id IN NUMBER,
p_new_address IN VARCHAR2
) IS
l_old_address VARCHAR2(255);
BEGIN
SELECT address
INTO l_old_address
FROM customers
WHERE customer_id = p_customer_id;
IF l_old_address = p_new_address THEN
RETURN;
END IF;
UPDATE customers
SET address = p_new_address
WHERE customer_id = p_customer_id;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer address updated.');
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No customer found with that ID.');
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An unexpected error occurred.');
END update_customer;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE GetCustomerInfo(@cust_id FLOAT) AS
name dbo.VARCHAR2(256);
address dbo.VARCHAR2(256);
phone dbo.VARCHAR2(256);
email dbo.VARCHAR2(256);
BEGIN
SELECT @name = name, @address = address, @phone = phone, @email = email
FROM customers
WHERE customer_id = cust_id;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Name: ' + isnull(name, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Address: ' + isnull(address, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Phone: ' + isnull(phone, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Email: ' + isnull(email, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer not found');
END
END;
/
|
CREATE PROCEDURE GetCustomerInfo(cust_id NUMBER) IS
name VARCHAR2(256);
address VARCHAR2(256);
phone VARCHAR2(256);
email VARCHAR2(256);
BEGIN
SELECT name, address, phone, email
INTO name, address, phone, email
FROM customers
WHERE customer_id = cust_id;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Name: ' || name);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Address: ' || address);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Phone: ' || phone);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Email: ' || email);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer not found');
END;
/
|
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT := 100;
emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(50) := 'John Doe';
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (emp_id, emp_name) VALUES (@emp_id, emp_name);
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee with ID ' + isnull(@emp_id, '') + ' could not be added.', 16, 1);
END;
|
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER := 100;
emp_name VARCHAR2(50) := 'John Doe';
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (emp_id, emp_name) VALUES (emp_id, emp_name);
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee with ID ' || emp_id || ' could not be added.');
END;
|
sql
CREATE PROCEDURE GetCustomerInfo(
@IN customer_id AS NUMBER
) AS
CURSOR c_cursor IS
SELECT *
FROM Customers
WHERE CustomerID = customer_id;
BEGIN
OPEN c_cursor;
IF c_cursor%FOUND BEGIN
*** the customer information
END
CLOSE c_cursor;
END;
| sql
CREATE PROCEDURE GetCustomerInfo(
IN customer_id NUMBER
) AS
CURSOR c_cursor IS
SELECT *
FROM Customers
WHERE CustomerID = customer_id;
BEGIN
OPEN c_cursor;
IF c_cursor%FOUND THEN
-- Do something with the customer information
END IF;
CLOSE c_cursor;
END;
|
declare
@v_emp_id integer;
v_ename dbo.varchar2(20);
begin
select @v_emp_id = emp_id, @v_ename = ename from emp where emp_id = 10;
dbms_output.put_line('Emp_id: ' + isnull(@v_emp_id, ''));
dbms_output.put_line('Ename: ' + isnull(v_ename, ''));
if @@fetch_status <> 0 begin
dbms_output.put_line('No data found for emp_id: ' + isnull(@v_emp_id, ''));
end
end;
|
declare
v_emp_id integer;
v_ename varchar2(20);
begin
select emp_id, ename into v_emp_id, v_ename from emp where emp_id = 10;
dbms_output.put_line('Emp_id: ' || v_emp_id);
dbms_output.put_line('Ename: ' || v_ename);
exception
when no_data_found then
dbms_output.put_line('No data found for emp_id: ' || v_emp_id);
end;
|
BEGIN
DECLARE r CURSOR FOR
SELECT * FROM employees
WHERE department_id = 10;
OPEN r;
FETCH r INTO;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
*** the row r
FETCH r INTO;
END;
CLOSE r;
DEALLOCATE r;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
END
*** ion
END; | BEGIN
FOR r IN (
SELECT * FROM employees
WHERE department_id = 10
) LOOP
-- do something with the row r
END LOOP;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
-- handle the exception
END; |
BEGIN
set @exc_check = 0;
BEGIN
BEGIN
INSERT INTO emp (empno, ename, job, mgr, hiredate, sal, comm, deptno)
VALUES (201305, 'John Doe', 'Trainee', 300, CONVERT(DATETIME, '18-SEP-21', 'DD-MON-RR'),
3000, NULL, 10);
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
set @exc_check = 1;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Duplicate value on empno index');
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
set @exc_check = 1;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found for the given criteria');
END
WHEN OTHERS THEN
set @exc_check = 1;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An unexpected error occurred');
END;
IF exc_check = 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Record inserted successfully');
END
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Rolling back transaction');
ROLLBACK;
END;
COMMIT;
END;
|
BEGIN
exc_check := 0;
BEGIN
BEGIN
INSERT INTO emp (empno, ename, job, mgr, hiredate, sal, comm, deptno)
VALUES (201305, 'John Doe', 'Trainee', 300, TO_DATE('18-SEP-21', 'DD-MON-RR'),
3000, NULL, 10);
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
exc_check := 1;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Duplicate value on empno index');
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
exc_check := 1;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found for the given criteria');
WHEN OTHERS THEN
exc_check := 1;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An unexpected error occurred');
END;
IF exc_check = 0 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Record inserted successfully');
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Rolling back transaction');
ROLLBACK;
END;
COMMIT;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_empno FLOAT;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_empno = empno, @v_salary = salary FROM emp WHERE empno = 10;
IF v_salary > 50000 BEGIN
UPDATE emp SET deptno = 20 WHERE empno = @v_empno;
END
COMMIT;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END; | DECLARE
v_empno NUMBER;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT empno, salary INTO v_empno, v_salary FROM emp WHERE empno = 10;
IF v_salary > 50000 THEN
UPDATE emp SET deptno = 20 WHERE empno = v_empno;
END IF;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: ' || SQLERRM);
END; |
DECLARE
@v_empno FLOAT;
v_salary NUMBER;
v_comm NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_salary = salary, @v_comm = comm FROM emp WHERE empno = 7788;
IF v_comm IS NULL BEGIN
SET @v_comm = 0;
END
SET @v_salary = v_salary + v_comm;
UPDATE emp SET salary = v_salary WHERE empno = 7788;
COMMIT;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
|
DECLARE
v_empno NUMBER;
v_salary NUMBER;
v_comm NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary, comm INTO v_salary, v_comm FROM emp WHERE empno = 7788;
IF v_comm IS NULL THEN
v_comm := 0;
END IF;
v_salary := v_salary + v_comm;
UPDATE emp SET salary = v_salary WHERE empno = 7788;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
|
BEGIN
BEGIN
INSERT INTO EMPLOYEES (EMPLOYEE_ID, FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, EMAIL, PHONE_NUMBER, HIRE_DATE, JOB_ID, SALARY, MANAGER_ID, DEPARTMENT_ID)
VALUES (1002, 'Elwood', 'Blues', 'elwood.blues@bluesbrothers.com', '555-1212', GETDATE(), 'IT_PROG', 10000, 1001, 20);
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
NULL;
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
BEGIN
UPDATE EMPLOYEES SET SALARY = SALARY * 1.10
WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID = 20;
COMMIT;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
NULL;
END
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
BEGIN
DELETE FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE EMPLOYEE_ID = 1002;
COMMIT;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
NULL;
END
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT;
emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
SELECT @emp_id = EMPLOYEE_ID, @emp_name = ISNULL(FIRST_NAME, '') + ' ' + ISNULL(LAST_NAME, '')
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID = 20;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' + isnull(@emp_id, '') + ', Employee Name: ' + isnull(emp_name, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employees found in department 20.');
END
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
END; | BEGIN
BEGIN
INSERT INTO EMPLOYEES (EMPLOYEE_ID, FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME, EMAIL, PHONE_NUMBER, HIRE_DATE, JOB_ID, SALARY, MANAGER_ID, DEPARTMENT_ID)
VALUES (1002, 'Elwood', 'Blues', 'elwood.blues@bluesbrothers.com', '555-1212', SYSDATE, 'IT_PROG', 10000, 1001, 20);
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
NULL;
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
BEGIN
UPDATE EMPLOYEES SET SALARY = SALARY * 1.10
WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID = 20;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
NULL;
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
BEGIN
DELETE FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE EMPLOYEE_ID = 1002;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
NULL;
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER;
emp_name VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
SELECT EMPLOYEE_ID, FIRST_NAME || ' ' || LAST_NAME INTO emp_id, emp_name
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID = 20;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' || emp_id || ', Employee Name: ' || emp_name);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employees found in department 20.');
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
END; |
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_name', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employee_name;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_name(@id FLOAT) RETURNS VARCHAR(4000) AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @name VARCHAR(50);
SELECT @name = ename FROM emp WHERE empno = @id;
RETURN @name;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN NULL;
END
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
IF OBJECT_ID('update_employee_salary', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE update_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(@id FLOAT, @new_salary FLOAT) AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
UPDATE emp SET sal = @new_salary WHERE empno = @id;
COMMIT;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE @emp_name VARCHAR(50);
DECLARE @new_salary FLOAT;
BEGIN
SET @emp_name = dbo.get_employee_name(100);
SET @new_salary = 10000;
dbo.update_employee_salary(100, @new_salary);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ' + isnull(@emp_name, '') + ' salary updated to ' + isnull(@new_salary, ''));
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error updating employee salary: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employee_name(id NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
name VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
SELECT ename INTO name FROM emp WHERE empno = id;
RETURN name;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN NULL;
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(id NUMBER, new_salary NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE emp SET sal = new_salary WHERE empno = id;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE emp_name VARCHAR2(50);
DECLARE new_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
emp_name := get_employee_name(100);
new_salary := 10000;
update_employee_salary(100, new_salary);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ' || emp_name || ' salary updated to ' || new_salary);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error updating employee salary: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
BEGIN
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT := 7839;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_salary = salary
FROM emp
WHERE empno = @v_emp_id;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
END;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary of employee ' + isnull(@v_emp_id, '') + ' is ' + isnull(v_salary, ''));
END; | BEGIN
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER := 7839;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary
INTO v_salary
FROM emp
WHERE empno = v_emp_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary of employee ' || v_emp_id || ' is ' || v_salary);
END; |
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
v_salary NUMBER;
v_dept_name dbo.VARCHAR2(30);
v_error_msg dbo.VARCHAR2(200);
BEGIN
BEGIN
SELECT @v_salary = salary, @v_dept_name = department_name
FROM employees e
JOIN departments d ON (e.department_id = d.department_id)
WHERE employee_id = @v_emp_id;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
SET @v_error_msg = 'Employee not found with ID: ' + isnull(@v_emp_id, '');
RAISERROR(-20000, v_error_msg, 16, 1);
END
END;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' + isnull(v_salary, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Department: ' + isnull(v_dept_name, ''));
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_salary NUMBER;
v_dept_name VARCHAR2(30);
v_error_msg VARCHAR2(200);
BEGIN
BEGIN
SELECT salary, department_name
INTO v_salary, v_dept_name
FROM employees e
JOIN departments d ON (e.department_id = d.department_id)
WHERE employee_id = v_emp_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
v_error_msg := 'Employee not found with ID: ' || v_emp_id;
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, v_error_msg);
END;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' || v_salary);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Department: ' || v_dept_name);
END;
|
BEGIN
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (emp_id, name, salary)
VALUES (100, 'John Doe', 1000);
EXCEPTION WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
ROLLBACK;
END;
SELECT * FROM employees WHERE emp_id = 100;
DECLARE emp CURSOR FOR SELECT emp_id, salary FROM employees; OPEN emp;
FETCH emp INTO;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.1
WHERE emp_id = @emp_emp_id;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
CONTINUE;
END
END;
FETCH emp INTO;
END;
CLOSE emp;
DEALLOCATE emp;
DELETE FROM employees WHERE emp_id = 100;
END;
/
|
BEGIN
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (emp_id, name, salary)
VALUES (100, 'John Doe', 1000);
EXCEPTION WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
ROLLBACK;
END;
SELECT * FROM employees WHERE emp_id = 100;
FOR emp IN (SELECT emp_id, salary FROM employees) LOOP
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.1
WHERE emp_id = emp.emp_id;
EXCEPTION WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
CONTINUE;
END;
END LOOP;
DELETE FROM employees WHERE emp_id = 100;
END;
/
|