sqlserver
stringlengths 59
30k
| plsql
stringlengths 54
4.67k
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|---|---|
IF OBJECT_ID('p_test_random', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE p_test_random;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE p_test_random(@a_param IN AS INTEGER, b_param OUT VARCHAR2) AS
BEGIN
SELECT @b_param = 'Hello from stored procedure!';
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END p_test_random;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE p_test_random(a_param IN INTEGER, b_param OUT VARCHAR2) AS
BEGIN
SELECT 'Hello from stored procedure!' INTO b_param FROM dual;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END p_test_random;
|
BEGIN
DECLARE @count_orders INT;
*** orders
SELECT @count_orders = COUNT(*) FROM orders;
*** than 500 orders, send an email
IF @count_orders > 500 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Too many orders!');
*** ing UTL_SMTP
UTL_SMTP.MAIL('user@example.com', 'Example Subject', 'Example body text');
END
END;
|
BEGIN
DECLARE count_orders INT;
-- Get the number of orders
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO count_orders FROM orders;
-- If there are more than 500 orders, send an email
IF count_orders > 500 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Too many orders!');
-- Send the email using UTL_SMTP
UTL_SMTP.MAIL('user@example.com', 'Example Subject', 'Example body text');
END IF;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_empno VARCHAR(4000) /* Use -meta option emp.empno%TYPE */;
v_salary emp.salary%TYPE := 30000;
v_comm emp.comm%TYPE := 1000;
max_salary emp.salary%TYPE;
BEGIN
*** v_empno
SELECT @v_empno = empno
FROM emp
WHERE salary > v_salary;
*** max_salary
SELECT @max_salary = MAX(salary)
FROM emp;
-- Er... SQLINES DEMO ***
IF v_salary < v_comm BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Salary cannot be less than commission', 16, 1);
END
-- Co... SQLINES DEMO ***
IF v_salary > max_salary / 2 BEGIN
UPDATE emp
SET comm = v_salary * 0.10
WHERE empno = @v_empno;
END
ELSE BEGIN
UPDATE emp
SET comm = max_salary * 0.05
WHERE empno = @v_empno;
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_empno emp.empno%TYPE;
v_salary emp.salary%TYPE := 30000;
v_comm emp.comm%TYPE := 1000;
max_salary emp.salary%TYPE;
BEGIN
-- Assign a value to v_empno
SELECT empno
INTO v_empno
FROM emp
WHERE salary > v_salary;
-- Assign a value to max_salary
SELECT MAX(salary)
INTO max_salary
FROM emp;
-- Error handling
IF v_salary < v_comm THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Salary cannot be less than commission');
END IF;
-- Control flow
IF v_salary > max_salary / 2 THEN
UPDATE emp
SET comm = v_salary * 0.10
WHERE empno = v_empno;
ELSE
UPDATE emp
SET comm = max_salary * 0.05
WHERE empno = v_empno;
END IF;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(
@emp_id IN AS NUMBER,
salary_hike IN NUMBER
)
IS
new_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @new_salary = salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
set @new_salary = new_salary + salary_hike;
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
END; | CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(
emp_id IN NUMBER,
salary_hike IN NUMBER
)
IS
new_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO new_salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
new_salary := new_salary + salary_hike;
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
END; |
DECLARE
@v_empno FLOAT;
v_ename dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
v_sal NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_empno = empno, @v_ename = ename, @v_sal = sal
FROM emp
WHERE empno = 7788;
IF v_sal > 5000 BEGIN
UPDATE emp SET sal = v_sal + 1000
WHERE empno = @v_empno;
END
COMMIT;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20000 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
END;
/
|
DECLARE
v_empno NUMBER;
v_ename VARCHAR2(20);
v_sal NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT empno, ename, sal
INTO v_empno, v_ename, v_sal
FROM emp
WHERE empno = 7788;
IF v_sal > 5000 THEN
UPDATE emp SET sal = v_sal + 1000
WHERE empno = v_empno;
END IF;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, 'Employee not found');
END;
/
|
CREATE PROCEDURE get_employee_info (
@p_emp_id IN AS NUMBER,
p_emp_name OUT VARCHAR2,
p_salary OUT NUMBER)
IS
BEGIN
SELECT @p_emp_name = emp_name, @p_salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE emp_id = p_emp_id;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE get_employee_info (
p_emp_id IN NUMBER,
p_emp_name OUT VARCHAR2,
p_salary OUT NUMBER)
IS
BEGIN
SELECT emp_name, salary
INTO p_emp_name, p_salary
FROM employees
WHERE emp_id = p_emp_id;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('myproc', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE myproc;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE myproc(@p_id IN AS NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.10
WHERE department_id = p_id;
COMMIT;
END;
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = emp_id, @v_salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'Smith';
IF v_salary > 10000 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Salary too high', 16, 1);
END
UPDATE employees SET salary = v_salary * 1.05
WHERE emp_id = @v_emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_name(@p_emp_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN VARCHAR2
RETURN NULL;
END; AS
BEGIN
RETURN (
SELECT isnull(last_name, '') + ', ' + isnull(first_name, '')
FROM employees
WHERE emp_id = p_emp_id
);
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE emp_id CURSOR FOR SELECT emp_id FROM employees; OPEN emp_id;
FETCH emp_id INTO;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee: ' + isnull(dbo.get_employee_name(emp_id), ''));
FETCH emp_id INTO;
END;
CLOSE emp_id;
DEALLOCATE emp_id;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE myproc(p_id IN NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.10
WHERE department_id = p_id;
COMMIT;
END;
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT emp_id, salary INTO v_emp_id, v_salary
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'Smith';
IF v_salary > 10000 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Salary too high');
END IF;
UPDATE employees SET salary = v_salary * 1.05
WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_name(p_emp_id IN NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2 AS
BEGIN
RETURN (
SELECT last_name || ', ' || first_name
FROM employees
WHERE emp_id = p_emp_id
);
END;
BEGIN
FOR emp_id IN (SELECT emp_id FROM employees) LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee: ' || get_employee_name(emp_id));
END LOOP;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE update_emp_salary
(
@emp_id IN AS NUMBER,
salary IN NUMBER,
OUT err_msg VARCHAR2
)
AS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
set @err_msg = 'Employee salary updated successfully';
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
set @err_msg = 'Error updating employee salary';
END; |
CREATE PROCEDURE update_emp_salary
(
emp_id IN NUMBER,
salary IN NUMBER,
OUT err_msg VARCHAR2
)
AS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
err_msg := 'Employee salary updated successfully';
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
err_msg := 'Error updating employee salary';
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id float;
v_emp_name dbo.varchar2(100);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = employee_id, @v_emp_name = isnull(first_name, '') + ' ' + isnull(last_name, '')
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 1;
IF @v_emp_id IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20000 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' + isnull(@v_emp_id, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' + isnull(v_emp_name, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found');
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id number;
v_emp_name varchar2(100);
BEGIN
SELECT employee_id, first_name || ' ' || last_name
INTO v_emp_id, v_emp_name
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 1;
IF v_emp_id IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' || v_emp_id);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' || v_emp_name);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found');
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('calc_bonus', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE calc_bonus;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE calc_bonus(@emp_id IN AS NUMBER, bonus OUT NUMBER) AS
totalsal NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @totalsal = SUM(salary) FROM emp WHERE emp_id = emp_id;
set @bonus = totalsal * 0.1;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN set @bonus = 0;
END
WHEN OTHERS THEN RAISERROR('-20001 Unexpected error occurred!', 16, 1);
END calc_bonus;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE calc_bonus(emp_id IN NUMBER, bonus OUT NUMBER) AS
totalsal NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT SUM(salary) INTO totalsal FROM emp WHERE emp_id = emp_id;
bonus := totalsal * 0.1;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN bonus := 0;
WHEN OTHERS THEN RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Unexpected error occurred!');
END calc_bonus;
|
DECLARE
@x FLOAT;
BEGIN
SET @x = DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE(100);
IF @x < 50 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-1 Number is less than 50', 16, 1);
END
ELSE IF @x < 75 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Number is between 50 and 74');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Number is greater than or equal to 75');
END
END;
/ | DECLARE
x NUMBER;
BEGIN
x := DBMS_RANDOM.VALUE(100);
IF x < 50 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-1,'Number is less than 50');
ELSIF x < 75 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Number is between 50 and 74');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Number is greater than or equal to 75');
END IF;
END;
/ |
CREATE PROCEDURE my_proc(@IN num1 AS INT, OUT num2 OUT INT, INOUT num3 INOUT INT)
IS
BEGIN
set @num2 = num1 * 2;
set @num3 = num3 + 10;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
@v_num1 INT := 10;
v_num2 INT;
v_num3 SET @INT = 20;
BEGIN
dbo.my_proc(@v_num1, v_num2, v_num3);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('v_num1: ' + isnull(@v_num1, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('v_num2: ' + isnull(v_num2, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('v_num3: ' + isnull(v_num3, ''));
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE my_proc(IN num1 INT, OUT num2 OUT INT, INOUT num3 INOUT INT)
IS
BEGIN
num2 := num1 * 2;
num3 := num3 + 10;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
v_num1 INT := 10;
v_num2 INT;
v_num3 INT := 20;
BEGIN
my_proc(v_num1, v_num2, v_num3);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('v_num1: ' || v_num1);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('v_num2: ' || v_num2);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('v_num3: ' || v_num3);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
END;
|
declare
@l_status float;
l_empno set @number = 7788;
begin
begin
update employees set salary = salary * 1.10
where employee_id = l_empno;
set @l_status = 1;
exception
when others then
set @l_status = -1;
end;
commit;
return(@l_status);
end; | declare
l_status number;
l_empno number := 7788;
begin
begin
update employees set salary = salary * 1.10
where employee_id = l_empno;
l_status := 1;
exception
when others then
l_status := -1;
end;
commit;
return(l_status);
end; |
IF OBJECT_ID('Generate_Report', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE Generate_Report;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE Generate_Report (
@p_report_id IN AS NUMBER,
p_report_type IN VARCHAR2,
p_output_format OUT VARCHAR2,
p_num_records OUT NUMBER
)
AS
v_sql_stmt dbo.VARCHAR2(4000);
v_cursor SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
SELECT @p_output_format = output_format
FROM report_formats
WHERE report_type = p_report_type;
set @v_sql_stmt = 'SELECT * FROM ' + isnull(p_report_type, '');
EXECUTE (@v_sql_stmt);
set @p_num_records = 0;
WHILE 1=1 BEGIN
FETCH v_cursor INTO @v_record;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BREAK;
set @p_num_records = p_num_records + 1;
END;
CLOSE v_cursor;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
raiserror('-20001 No data found for the given report type.', 16, 1);
END
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE Generate_Report (
p_report_id IN NUMBER,
p_report_type IN VARCHAR2,
p_output_format OUT VARCHAR2,
p_num_records OUT NUMBER
)
AS
v_sql_stmt VARCHAR2(4000);
v_cursor SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
SELECT output_format INTO p_output_format
FROM report_formats
WHERE report_type = p_report_type;
v_sql_stmt := 'SELECT * FROM ' || p_report_type;
OPEN v_cursor FOR v_sql_stmt;
p_num_records := 0;
LOOP
FETCH v_cursor INTO v_record;
EXIT WHEN v_cursor%NOTFOUND;
p_num_records := p_num_records + 1;
END LOOP;
CLOSE v_cursor;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
raise_application_error(-20001, 'No data found for the given report type.');
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = emp_id FROM employees WHERE last_name = 'Smith';
IF @v_emp_id IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE emp_id = @v_emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT emp_id INTO v_emp_id FROM employees WHERE last_name = 'Smith';
IF v_emp_id IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_num FLOAT = 10;
BEGIN
*** ue of v_num
SET @v_num = @v_num + 1;
*** greater than 100
IF @v_num > 100 BEGIN
*** v_num is greater than 100
RAISERROR('-20001 v_num cannot be greater than 100', 16, 1);
END
*** of v_num in the database
UPDATE my_table SET my_column = @v_num WHERE my_key = 1;
*** s to the database
COMMIT;
END; | DECLARE
v_num NUMBER DEFAULT 10;
BEGIN
-- Increment the value of v_num
v_num := v_num + 1;
-- Check if v_num is greater than 100
IF v_num > 100 THEN
-- Raise an error if v_num is greater than 100
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'v_num cannot be greater than 100');
END IF;
-- Update the value of v_num in the database
UPDATE my_table SET my_column = v_num WHERE my_key = 1;
-- Commit the changes to the database
COMMIT;
END; |
IF OBJECT_ID('GetEmployeeInfo', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE GetEmployeeInfo;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE GetEmployeeInfo(@emp_id IN AS NUMBER) AS
rec Employee%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
SELECT @rec = * FROM Employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee name: ' + isnull(rec.first_name, '') + ' ' + isnull(rec.last_name, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with ID: ' + isnull(emp_id, ''));
END
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE GetEmployeeInfo(emp_id IN NUMBER) AS
rec Employee%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
SELECT * INTO rec FROM Employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee name: ' || rec.first_name || ' ' || rec.last_name);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with ID: ' || emp_id);
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_employee_id FLOAT;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_employee_id = employee_id, @v_salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'Scott';
IF v_salary > 10000 BEGIN
UPDATE employees
SET salary = salary * 1.10
WHERE employee_id = @v_employee_id;
END
ELSE IF v_salary > 5000 BEGIN
UPDATE employees
SET salary = salary * 1.05
WHERE employee_id = @v_employee_id;
END
COMMIT;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
NULL;
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_employee_id NUMBER;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT employee_id, salary
INTO v_employee_id, v_salary
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'Scott';
IF v_salary > 10000 THEN
UPDATE employees
SET salary = salary * 1.10
WHERE employee_id = v_employee_id;
ELSIF v_salary > 5000 THEN
UPDATE employees
SET salary = salary * 1.05
WHERE employee_id = v_employee_id;
END IF;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
NULL;
END;
|
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(@employee_id FLOAT) RETURNS FLOAT AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @salary FLOAT;
SELECT @salary = @salary FROM employees WHERE @employee_id = @employee_id;
RETURN @salary;
IF @@fetch_status <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN NULL;
END
END;
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(@employee_id FLOAT, @new_salary FLOAT) AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
UPDATE employees SET salary = @new_salary WHERE @employee_id = @employee_id;
IF @@fetch_status <> 0 BEGIN
RAISE no_data_found;
END
END;
|
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(employee_id NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
RETURN salary;
EXCEPTION
WHEN no_data_found THEN
RETURN NULL;
END get_employee_salary;
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(employee_id NUMBER, new_salary NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN no_data_found THEN
RAISE no_data_found;
END update_employee_salary;
|
*** rocedure to insert a new row into a table
CREATE PROCEDURE Insert_Student(
@IN name AS VARCHAR2,
IN age NUMBER
)
IS
*** ables
v_id STUDENT.id%TYPE;
BEGIN
*** w into the table
INSERT INTO STUDENT (name, age) VALUES (name, age);
*** ey of the newly inserted row
SELECT @v_id = STUDENT_SEQ.CURRVAL;
*** y key of the newly inserted row
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Student ID: ' + isnull(v_id, ''));
END Insert_Student;
*** to get the total number of students
CREATE FUNCTION Get_Student_Count() RETURNS FLOAT
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @v_count FLOAT;
*** all rows in the STUDENT table
SELECT @v_count = COUNT(*) FROM STUDENT;
-- Re... SQLINES DEMO ***
RETURN @v_count;
END;
*** ement to select all students
SELECT * FROM STUDENT;
*** flow construct to update student age based on condition
IF age > 18 BEGIN
*** e if age is greater than 18
UPDATE STUDENT SET age = age + 1 WHERE id = id;
END
ELSE BEGIN
*** is less than or equal to 18
END
*** andling scenario to catch and handle errors
BEGIN
*** nt that may cause an error
RAISERROR('-20001 An error occurred', 16, 1);
EXCEPTION
*** nd handle it
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
-- Create a stored procedure to insert a new row into a table
CREATE PROCEDURE Insert_Student(
IN name VARCHAR2,
IN age NUMBER
)
IS
-- Define local variables
v_id STUDENT.id%TYPE;
BEGIN
-- Insert the new row into the table
INSERT INTO STUDENT (name, age) VALUES (name, age);
-- Get the primary key of the newly inserted row
SELECT STUDENT_SEQ.CURRVAL INTO v_id FROM DUAL;
-- Output the primary key of the newly inserted row
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Student ID: ' || v_id);
END Insert_Student;
-- Create a function to get the total number of students
CREATE FUNCTION Get_Student_Count() RETURN NUMBER
IS
v_count NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Get the count of all rows in the STUDENT table
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO v_count FROM STUDENT;
-- Return the count
RETURN v_count;
END Get_Student_Count;
-- Create a SQL statement to select all students
SELECT * FROM STUDENT;
-- Create a control flow construct to update student age based on condition
IF age > 18 THEN
-- Update student age if age is greater than 18
UPDATE STUDENT SET age = age + 1 WHERE id = id;
ELSE
-- Do nothing if age is less than or equal to 18
END IF;
-- Create an error handling scenario to catch and handle errors
BEGIN
-- Execute a statement that may cause an error
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'An error occurred');
EXCEPTION
-- Catch the error and handle it
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('GetEmployeeSalary', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION GetEmployeeSalary;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION GetEmployeeSalary(@employee_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END; IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @salary = salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
RETURN salary;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN NULL;
END
END;
DECLARE
@salary FLOAT;
BEGIN
SET @salary = dbo.GetEmployeeSalary(1001);
IF @salary IS NULL BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found.');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' + isnull(@salary, ''));
END
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION GetEmployeeSalary(employee_id IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
RETURN salary;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN NULL;
END;
DECLARE
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
salary := GetEmployeeSalary(1001);
IF salary IS NULL THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found.');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' || salary);
END IF;
END;
|
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT;
phone_number dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
sal NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @emp_id = employee_id, @phone_number = phone_number, @sal = salary
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'Smith';
IF sal > 10000 BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = sal + 500
WHERE employee_id = @emp_id;
COMMIT;
END
ELSE BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Salary too low for raise', 16, 1);
END
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20002 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
|
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER;
phone_number VARCHAR2(20);
sal NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT employee_id, phone_number, salary
INTO emp_id, phone_number, sal
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'Smith';
IF sal > 10000 THEN
UPDATE employees SET salary = sal + 500
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
ELSE
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Salary too low for raise');
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20002, 'Employee not found');
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_deptno FLOAT := 10;
BEGIN
*** salary and department
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.10, deptno = @v_deptno WHERE deptno = 20;
*** as successful
IF @@ROWCOUNT = 0 BEGIN
raiserror('-20001 No employees updated', 16, 1);
END
*** oyee
INSERT INTO employees (empno, ename, job, mgr, hiredate, salary, deptno)
VALUES (9999, 'New Employee', 'Tester', 7839, GETDATE(), 5000, @v_deptno);
*** as successful
IF @@ROWCOUNT = 0 BEGIN
raiserror('-20002 New employee not inserted', 16, 1);
END
*** cedure
dbo.call_procedure('sp_calculate_bonus', 9999);
*** tement
DELETE FROM employees WHERE empno = 9999;
-- Ha... SQLINES DEMO ***
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
DECLARE
v_deptno NUMBER := 10;
BEGIN
-- Update employee's salary and department
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.10, deptno = v_deptno WHERE deptno = 20;
-- Check if update was successful
IF SQL%ROWCOUNT = 0 THEN
raise_application_error(-20001, 'No employees updated');
END IF;
-- Insert a new employee
INSERT INTO employees (empno, ename, job, mgr, hiredate, salary, deptno)
VALUES (9999, 'New Employee', 'Tester', 7839, SYSDATE, 5000, v_deptno);
-- Check if insert was successful
IF SQL%ROWCOUNT = 0 THEN
raise_application_error(-20002, 'New employee not inserted');
END IF;
-- Call a stored procedure
call_procedure('sp_calculate_bonus', 9999);
-- Execute a SQL statement
DELETE FROM employees WHERE empno = 9999;
-- Handle errors
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
BEGIN
DECLARE @v_empno FLOAT;
DECLARE @v_ename VARCHAR(15);
DECLARE @v_salary FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_empno = empno, @v_ename = ename, @v_salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE deptno = 10;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ' + isnull(@v_ename, '') + ' (empno ' + isnull(@v_empno, '') + ') earns ' + isnull(@v_salary, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employees found in department 10');
END
END;
END;
|
BEGIN
DECLARE v_empno NUMBER;
DECLARE v_ename VARCHAR2(15);
DECLARE v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT empno, ename, salary
INTO v_empno, v_ename, v_salary
FROM employees
WHERE deptno = 10;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ' || v_ename || ' (empno ' || v_empno || ') earns ' || v_salary);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employees found in department 10');
END;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_empno FLOAT;
v_ename dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
v_job dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_ename = ename, @v_job = job FROM emp WHERE empno = 7788;
IF v_job = 'MANAGER' OR v_job = 'SALESMAN' BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee is in a management or sales role.');
END
ELSE IF v_job = 'CLERK' OR v_job = 'ANALYST' BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee is in a clerical or analytical role.');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee role not recognized.');
END
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee with that number found.');
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_empno NUMBER;
v_ename VARCHAR2(20);
v_job VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT ename, job INTO v_ename, v_job FROM emp WHERE empno = 7788;
IF v_job = 'MANAGER' OR v_job = 'SALESMAN' THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee is in a management or sales role.');
ELSIF v_job = 'CLERK' OR v_job = 'ANALYST' THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee is in a clerical or analytical role.');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee role not recognized.');
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee with that number found.');
END;
|
CREATE TABLE customer (id FLOAT PRIMARY KEY, name VARCHAR(100), age FLOAT, address VARCHAR(200));
INSERT INTO customer (id, name, age, address) VALUES (1, 'John Doe', 30, '123 Main Street');
INSERT INTO customer (id, name, age, address) VALUES (2, 'Jane Smith', 25, '456 Elm Street');
SELECT * FROM customer WHERE id = 1;
UPDATE customer SET name = 'John Smith' WHERE id = 1;
DELETE FROM customer WHERE id = 2;
BEGIN
DECLARE
@v_name VARCHAR(100);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_name = name FROM customer WHERE id = 1;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer name: ' + isnull(@v_name, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer not found');
END
END;
END;
CREATE PROCEDURE get_customer (@id IN AS NUMBER, OUT customer_name OUT VARCHAR2, OUT customer_age OUT NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
SELECT @customer_name = name, @customer_age = age FROM customer WHERE id = id;
END;
DECLARE
@v_id FLOAT := 1;
v_name dbo.VARCHAR2(100);
v_age NUMBER;
BEGIN
dbo.get_customer (@v_id, v_name, v_age);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer name: ' + isnull(v_name, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer age: ' + isnull(v_age, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer not found');
END
END;
|
CREATE TABLE customer (id NUMBER PRIMARY KEY, name VARCHAR2(100), age NUMBER, address VARCHAR2(200));
INSERT INTO customer (id, name, age, address) VALUES (1, 'John Doe', 30, '123 Main Street');
INSERT INTO customer (id, name, age, address) VALUES (2, 'Jane Smith', 25, '456 Elm Street');
SELECT * FROM customer WHERE id = 1;
UPDATE customer SET name = 'John Smith' WHERE id = 1;
DELETE FROM customer WHERE id = 2;
BEGIN
DECLARE
v_name VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
SELECT name INTO v_name FROM customer WHERE id = 1;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer name: ' || v_name);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer not found');
END;
END;
CREATE PROCEDURE get_customer (id IN NUMBER, OUT customer_name OUT VARCHAR2, OUT customer_age OUT NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
SELECT name, age INTO customer_name, customer_age FROM customer WHERE id = id;
END;
DECLARE
v_id NUMBER := 1;
v_name VARCHAR2(100);
v_age NUMBER;
BEGIN
get_customer (v_id, v_name, v_age);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer name: ' || v_name);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer age: ' || v_age);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer not found');
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('increment_emp_sal', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE increment_emp_sal;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE increment_emp_sal(@emp_id IN AS NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
*** ary of the employee with the specified ID
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary + 100
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
EXCEPTION
*** that may occur
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- Lo... SQLINES DEMO ***
INSERT INTO error_log (error_message) VALUES (SQLERRM);
*** o the caller
RAISE;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE increment_emp_sal(emp_id IN NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
-- Increment the salary of the employee with the specified ID
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary + 100
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
EXCEPTION
-- Handle any errors that may occur
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- Log the error
INSERT INTO error_log (error_message) VALUES (SQLERRM);
-- Raise the error to the caller
RAISE;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_customer_orders', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE get_customer_orders;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE get_customer_orders(@p_cust_id IN AS NUMBER) AS
v_order_count NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_order_count = COUNT(*) FROM orders WHERE customer_id = p_cust_id;
IF v_order_count > 10 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Customer has too many orders', 16, 1);
END
DECLARE r CURSOR FOR SELECT * FROM orders WHERE customer_id = p_cust_id; OPEN r;
FETCH r INTO;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Order ID: ' + isnull(@r_order_id, '') + ' | Order Date: ' + ISNULL(CONVERT(VARCHAR(10), @r_order_date, 120), ''));
FETCH r INTO;
END;
CLOSE r;
DEALLOCATE r;
END;
/
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE get_customer_orders(p_cust_id IN NUMBER) AS
v_order_count NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO v_order_count FROM orders WHERE customer_id = p_cust_id;
IF v_order_count > 10 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Customer has too many orders');
END IF;
FOR r IN (SELECT * FROM orders WHERE customer_id = p_cust_id) LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Order ID: ' || r.order_id || ' | Order Date: ' || TO_CHAR(r.order_date, 'YYYY-MM-DD'));
END LOOP;
END;
/
|
DECLARE
@v_empid FLOAT;
v_salary NUMBER;
v_bonus NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_empid = employee_id, @v_salary = salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = 10;
IF v_salary > 50000 BEGIN
SET @v_bonus = v_salary * 0.10;
END
ELSE BEGIN
SET @v_bonus = 0;
END
UPDATE employees SET bonus = v_bonus WHERE employee_id = @v_empid;
COMMIT;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
raiserror('-20001 No employee found with ID ' + isnull(@v_empid, ''), 16, 1);
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_empid NUMBER;
v_salary NUMBER;
v_bonus NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT employee_id, salary INTO v_empid, v_salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = 10;
IF v_salary > 50000 THEN
v_bonus := v_salary * 0.10;
ELSE
v_bonus := 0;
END IF;
UPDATE employees SET bonus = v_bonus WHERE employee_id = v_empid;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
raise_application_error(-20001, 'No employee found with ID ' || v_empid);
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id DECIMAL(19,4) /* Use -meta option EMP.emp_id%TYPE */;
v_salary EMP.salary%TYPE;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = emp_id, @v_salary = salary FROM EMP WHERE emp_id = 10;
IF v_salary > 10000 BEGIN
UPDATE EMP SET salary = salary * 1.1 WHERE emp_id = @v_emp_id;
END
COMMIT;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id EMP.emp_id%TYPE;
v_salary EMP.salary%TYPE;
BEGIN
SELECT emp_id, salary INTO v_emp_id, v_salary FROM EMP WHERE emp_id = 10;
IF v_salary > 10000 THEN
UPDATE EMP SET salary = salary * 1.1 WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
END IF;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END;
|
BEGIN
DECLARE
@v_empno FLOAT;
v_sal NUMBER;
v_comm NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_sal = sal, @v_comm = comm FROM emp WHERE empno = 7839;
IF v_comm IS NULL BEGIN
SET @v_comm = 0;
END
SET @v_empno = 7839;
UPDATE emp SET sal = v_sal * 1.10, comm = v_comm * 1.10 WHERE empno = @v_empno;
COMMIT;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.Put_Line('Employee not found.');
END
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.Put_Line('An error occurred.');
END;
END; | BEGIN
DECLARE
v_empno NUMBER;
v_sal NUMBER;
v_comm NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT sal, comm INTO v_sal, v_comm FROM emp WHERE empno = 7839;
IF v_comm IS NULL THEN
v_comm := 0;
END IF;
v_empno := 7839;
UPDATE emp SET sal = v_sal * 1.10, comm = v_comm * 1.10 WHERE empno = v_empno;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.Put_Line('Employee not found.');
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.Put_Line('An error occurred.');
END;
END; |
sql
DECLARE
@emp_count FLOAT;
emp_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @emp_count = COUNT(*) FROM t_employee;
IF @emp_count = 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 No employee found', 16, 1);
END
SELECT @emp_salary = SUM(salary) FROM t_employee;
IF emp_salary < 10000 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20002 Total salary is too low', 16, 1);
END
COMMIT;
END;
| sql
DECLARE
emp_count NUMBER;
emp_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO emp_count FROM t_employee;
IF emp_count = 0 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'No employee found');
END IF;
SELECT SUM(salary) INTO emp_salary FROM t_employee;
IF emp_salary < 10000 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20002, 'Total salary is too low');
END IF;
COMMIT;
END;
|
/* PACKAGE BODY db_pkg */
-- St... SQLINES DEMO ***
IF OBJECT_ID('db_pkg_add_employee', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE db_pkg_add_employee;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE db_pkg_add_employee(
@p_id IN AS NUMBERDECLARE ,
p_name DECLARE @IN VARCHARDECLARE ,
p_salary DECLARE @IN FLOAT
DECLARE ) AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees(id, name, salary) VALUES (p_id, p_name, p_salary);
add_employee;
-- Fu... SQLINES DEMO ***
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(@p_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END; AS
emp_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @emp_salary = salary FROM employees WHERE id = p_id;
RETURN emp_salary;
END get_employee_salary;
*** statement)
CREATE PROCEDURE process_employee(@p_id IN AS NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
IF dbo.GET_EMPLOYEE_SALARY(p_id) > 10000 BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET bonus = 0.1 WHERE id = p_id;
END
ELSE BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET bonus = 0 WHERE id = p_id;
END
END process_employee;
*** AISE statement)
CREATE PROCEDURE test_error_handling AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
RAISERROR('-20001 Database connection error', 16, 1);
END;
END db_pkg;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY db_pkg AS
-- Stored procedure
PROCEDURE add_employee(
p_id IN NUMBER,
p_name IN VARCHAR2,
p_salary IN NUMBER
) AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees(id, name, salary) VALUES (p_id, p_name, p_salary);
END add_employee;
-- Function
FUNCTION get_employee_salary(p_id IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER AS
emp_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO emp_salary FROM employees WHERE id = p_id;
RETURN emp_salary;
END get_employee_salary;
-- Control flow (IF statement)
PROCEDURE process_employee(p_id IN NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
IF GET_EMPLOYEE_SALARY(p_id) > 10000 THEN
UPDATE employees SET bonus = 0.1 WHERE id = p_id;
ELSE
UPDATE employees SET bonus = 0 WHERE id = p_id;
END IF;
END process_employee;
-- Error handling (RAISE statement)
PROCEDURE test_error_handling() AS
BEGIN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Database connection error');
END test_error_handling;
END db_pkg;
|
DECLARE
@x FLOAT := 10;
y SET @NUMBER = 5;
BEGIN
IF @x > y BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('x is greater than y');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('x is not greater than y');
END
DECLARE
@z FLOAT := @x + y;
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('x + y = ' + isnull(@z, ''));
END;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
DECLARE
x NUMBER := 10;
y NUMBER := 5;
BEGIN
IF x > y THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('x is greater than y');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('x is not greater than y');
END IF;
DECLARE
z NUMBER := x + y;
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('x + y = ' || z);
END;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
DECLARE
@name VARCHAR(20);
salary ROW_NUMBER(10);
BEGIN
SELECT @name = @name, @salary = salary FROM employees WHERE id = 1;
IF salary >= 10000 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary is greater than 10000');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary is less than 10000');
END
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with id 1');
END
END; | DECLARE
name VARCHAR2(20);
salary NUMBER(10);
BEGIN
SELECT name, salary INTO name, salary FROM employees WHERE id = 1;
IF salary >= 10000 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary is greater than 10000');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary is less than 10000');
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with id 1');
END; |
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_salary', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(@emp_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END; IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @salary = salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN salary;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN NULL;
END
END;
IF OBJECT_ID('update_employee_salary', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE update_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(@emp_id IN AS NUMBER, new_salary IN NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
WHEN INVALID_ARGUMENT THEN
RAISERROR('-20002 Invalid salary value', 16, 1);
END;
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT := 100;
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SET @salary = dbo.get_employee_salary(@emp_id);
IF salary IS NULL BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Current salary: ' + isnull(salary, ''));
dbo.update_employee_salary(@emp_id, salary * 1.1);
SET @salary = dbo.get_employee_salary(@emp_id);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('New salary: ' + isnull(salary, ''));
END
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(emp_id IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN salary;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN NULL;
END;
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(emp_id IN NUMBER, new_salary IN NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
WHEN INVALID_ARGUMENT THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20002, 'Invalid salary value');
END;
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER := 100;
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
salary := get_employee_salary(emp_id);
IF salary IS NULL THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Current salary: ' || salary);
update_employee_salary(emp_id, salary * 1.1);
salary := get_employee_salary(emp_id);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('New salary: ' || salary);
END IF;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_employee_id INT := 1000;
v_salary ROW_NUMBER(10,2);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_salary = salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = @v_employee_id;
IF v_salary IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
UPDATE employees SET salary = v_salary * 1.10 WHERE employee_id = @v_employee_id;
COMMIT;
END;
/
|
DECLARE
v_employee_id NUMBER(6) := 1000;
v_salary NUMBER(10,2);
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO v_salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = v_employee_id;
IF v_salary IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
UPDATE employees SET salary = v_salary * 1.10 WHERE employee_id = v_employee_id;
COMMIT;
END;
/
|
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT;
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Ge... SQLINES DEMO ***
SELECT @emp_id = employee_id FROM employees WHERE last_name = 'Smith';
-- Ge... SQLINES DEMO ***
SELECT @salary = salary FROM salaries WHERE employee_id = @emp_id;
*** alary
UPDATE salaries SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE employee_id = @emp_id;
*** ction
COMMIT;
*** ed salary
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Updated salary: ' + isnull(salary, ''));
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
*** saction
ROLLBACK;
*** message
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER;
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Get employee ID
SELECT employee_id INTO emp_id FROM employees WHERE last_name = 'Smith';
-- Get employee salary
SELECT salary INTO salary FROM salaries WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
-- Update employee salary
UPDATE salaries SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
-- Commit the transaction
COMMIT;
-- Display the updated salary
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Updated salary: ' || salary);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- Rollback the transaction
ROLLBACK;
-- Display the error message
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id DECIMAL(19,4) /* Use -meta option employee.emp_id%TYPE */;
v_salary employee.salary%TYPE;
BEGIN
-- Ge... SQLINES DEMO ***
SELECT @v_salary = salary FROM employee WHERE emp_id = @v_emp_id;
-- Up... SQLINES DEMO ***
IF v_salary < 5000 BEGIN
UPDATE employee SET salary = v_salary * 1.10 WHERE emp_id = @v_emp_id;
END
ELSE BEGIN
UPDATE employee SET salary = v_salary * 1.05 WHERE emp_id = @v_emp_id;
END
-- Co... SQLINES DEMO ***
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- Ha... SQLINES DEMO ***
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id employee.emp_id%TYPE;
v_salary employee.salary%TYPE;
BEGIN
-- Get employee salary
SELECT salary INTO v_salary FROM employee WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
-- Update salary
IF v_salary < 5000 THEN
UPDATE employee SET salary = v_salary * 1.10 WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
ELSE
UPDATE employee SET salary = v_salary * 1.05 WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
END IF;
-- Commit changes
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- Handle exception
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_empno FLOAT;
v_ename dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_empno = empno, @v_ename = ename FROM emp WHERE empno = 1;
IF @v_empno IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20101 Invalid employee number', 16, 1);
END
UPDATE emp SET sal = sal * 1.10 WHERE empno = @v_empno;
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(isnull(v_ename, '') + ''s salary has been increased by 10%.');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred. ' |
DECLARE
v_empno NUMBER;
v_ename VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT empno, ename INTO v_empno, v_ename FROM emp WHERE empno = 1;
IF v_empno IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20101, 'Invalid employee number');
END IF;
UPDATE emp SET sal = sal * 1.10 WHERE empno = v_empno;
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(v_ename || ''s salary has been increased by 10%.');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred. ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_name', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employee_name;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_name(@id FLOAT) RETURNS VARCHAR(4000) AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @emp_name VARCHAR(200);
SELECT @emp_name = ename FROM emp WHERE empno = @id;
RETURN @emp_name;
IF @@fetch_status <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN NULL;
END
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employee_name(id NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
emp_name VARCHAR2(200);
BEGIN
SELECT ename INTO emp_name FROM emp WHERE empno = id;
RETURN emp_name;
EXCEPTION
WHEN no_data_found THEN
RETURN NULL;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_num FLOAT;
BEGIN
SET @v_num = 1;
BEGIN
EXIT WHEN v_num > 5;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
SET @v_num = 0;
END;
IF @v_num = 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20000 Exception occurred in dynamic code!', 16, 1);
END
END; | DECLARE
v_num NUMBER;
BEGIN
v_num := 1;
BEGIN
EXIT WHEN v_num > 5;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
v_num := 0;
END;
IF v_num = 0 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, 'Exception occurred in dynamic code!');
END IF;
END; |
CREATE PROCEDURE update_customer_address(@customer_id IN AS NUMBER, new_address IN VARCHAR2) IS
BEGIN
*** s for the specified customer
UPDATE customers SET address = new_address WHERE customer_id = customer_id;
*** te was successful
IF @@ROWCOUNT = 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Customer id not found or no rows updated', 16, 1);
END
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
*** that occur
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
PROCEDURE update_customer_address(customer_id IN NUMBER, new_address IN VARCHAR2) IS
BEGIN
-- Update the address for the specified customer
UPDATE customers SET address = new_address WHERE customer_id = customer_id;
-- Check if the update was successful
IF SQL%ROWCOUNT = 0 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Customer id not found or no rows updated');
END IF;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
-- Handle any errors that occur
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
DECLARE
@sal FLOAT := 1000;
comm SET @NUMBER = 0;
BEGIN
SELECT @comm = commission_pct
FROM emp
WHERE empno = 7369;
SET @sal = @sal + (@sal * comm);
UPDATE emp
SET salary = @sal
WHERE empno = 7369;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END
END;
|
DECLARE
sal NUMBER := 1000;
comm NUMBER := 0;
BEGIN
SELECT commission_pct
INTO comm
FROM emp
WHERE empno = 7369;
sal := sal + (sal * comm);
UPDATE emp
SET salary = sal
WHERE empno = 7369;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_empid FLOAT := 100;
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE employee_id = @v_empid;
IF @@ROWCOUNT = 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
DECLARE
v_empid NUMBER := 100;
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE employee_id = v_empid;
IF SQL%ROWCOUNT = 0 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
CREATE TABLE orders (
order_id BIGINT PRIMARY KEY,
customer_id BIGINT REFERENCES customers(customer_id),
order_date DATE,
total_price DECIMAL(10,2)
);
CREATE TABLE customers (
customer_id BIGINT PRIMARY KEY,
customer_name VARCHAR(50),
email VARCHAR(50)
);
CREATE PROCEDURE get_order_total(@order_id IN AS NUMBER, total_price OUT NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
SELECT @total_price = total_price FROM orders WHERE order_id = order_id;
END;
CREATE FUNCTION get_customer_name(@customer_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN VARCHAR2
RETURN NULL;
END;
AS
BEGIN
RETURN (SELECT customer_name FROM customers WHERE customer_id = customer_id);
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE @i INT = 1;
WHILE @i <= 10 BEGIN
INSERT INTO orders (order_id, customer_id, order_date, total_price)
VALUES (i, FLOOR(1 + DBMS_RANDOM.RANDOM * 5), GETDATE(), FLOOR(10 + DBMS_RANDOM.RANDOM * 90));
END;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE @i INT = 1;
WHILE @i <= 5 BEGIN
INSERT INTO customers (customer_id, customer_name, email)
VALUES (i, 'Customer ' + isnull(i, ''), 'customer' + isnull(i, '') + '@example.com');
END;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
@order_id BIGINT;
total_price ROW_NUMBER(10,2);
BEGIN
SET @order_id = 1;
dbo.get_order_total(@order_id, total_price);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Order ID: ' + isnull(@order_id, '') + ', Total Price: ' + isnull(total_price, ''));
SET @order_id = 2;
dbo.get_order_total(@order_id, total_price);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Order ID: ' + isnull(@order_id, '') + ', Total Price: ' + isnull(total_price, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Order not found or does not have any line items.');
END
END;
END;
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer Name for customer ID 1: ' + isnull(dbo.get_customer_name(1), ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer Name for customer ID 2: ' + isnull(dbo.get_customer_name(2), ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer not found.');
END
END;
|
CREATE TABLE orders (
order_id NUMBER(10) PRIMARY KEY,
customer_id NUMBER(10) REFERENCES customers(customer_id),
order_date DATE,
total_price NUMBER(10,2)
);
CREATE TABLE customers (
customer_id NUMBER(10) PRIMARY KEY,
customer_name VARCHAR2(50),
email VARCHAR2(50)
);
CREATE PROCEDURE get_order_total(order_id IN NUMBER, total_price OUT NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
SELECT total_price INTO total_price FROM orders WHERE order_id = order_id;
END;
CREATE FUNCTION get_customer_name(customer_id IN NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2
AS
BEGIN
RETURN (SELECT customer_name FROM customers WHERE customer_id = customer_id);
END;
BEGIN
FOR i IN 1..10 LOOP
INSERT INTO orders (order_id, customer_id, order_date, total_price)
VALUES (i, FLOOR(1 + DBMS_RANDOM.RANDOM * 5), SYSDATE, FLOOR(10 + DBMS_RANDOM.RANDOM * 90));
END LOOP;
END;
BEGIN
FOR i IN 1..5 LOOP
INSERT INTO customers (customer_id, customer_name, email)
VALUES (i, 'Customer ' || i, 'customer' || i || '@example.com');
END LOOP;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
order_id NUMBER(10);
total_price NUMBER(10,2);
BEGIN
order_id := 1;
get_order_total(order_id, total_price);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Order ID: ' || order_id || ', Total Price: ' || total_price);
order_id := 2;
get_order_total(order_id, total_price);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Order ID: ' || order_id || ', Total Price: ' || total_price);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Order not found or does not have any line items.');
END;
END;
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer Name for customer ID 1: ' || get_customer_name(1));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer Name for customer ID 2: ' || get_customer_name(2));
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer not found.');
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('sp_example', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE sp_example;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE sp_example (
@p_in_param IN AS VARCHAR2
)
AS
v_out_param dbo.VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
set @v_out_param = 'processed: ' + isnull(p_in_param, '');
*** s to the database
COMMIT;
END sp_example;
*** rocedure
BEGIN
dbo.sp_example('input value');
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE sp_example (
p_in_param IN VARCHAR2
)
AS
v_out_param VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
v_out_param := 'processed: ' || p_in_param;
-- Commit the changes to the database
COMMIT;
END sp_example;
-- Call the stored procedure
BEGIN
sp_example('input value');
END;
|
DECLARE
@my_salary FLOAT;
my_bonus NUMBER;
bonus_rate NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @my_salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 10;
IF @my_salary > 50000 BEGIN
SET @bonus_rate = 0.1;
END
ELSE BEGIN
SET @bonus_rate = 0.05;
END
SET @my_bonus = @my_salary * bonus_rate;
BEGIN
INSERT
INTO bonuses (employee_id, bonus_amount)
VALUES
(10, my_bonus);
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX
THEN
UPDATE bonuses
SET bonus_amount = my_bonus
WHERE employee_id = 10;
END;
END;
|
DECLARE
my_salary NUMBER;
my_bonus NUMBER;
bonus_rate NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary
INTO my_salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 10;
IF my_salary > 50000 THEN
bonus_rate := 0.1;
ELSE
bonus_rate := 0.05;
END IF;
my_bonus := my_salary * bonus_rate;
BEGIN
INSERT
INTO bonuses (employee_id, bonus_amount)
VALUES
(10, my_bonus);
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX
THEN
UPDATE bonuses
SET bonus_amount = my_bonus
WHERE employee_id = 10;
END;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_salary', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(@emp_id IN NUMBERDECLARE )
RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END;
IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @salary = salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN salary;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN NULL;
END
END;
IF OBJECT_ID('update_employee_salary', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE update_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(@emp_id IN AS NUMBER, new_salary IN NUMBER)
IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISERROR('-20001 Error updating employee salary', 16, 1);
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT := 100;
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SET @salary = dbo.get_employee_salary(@emp_id);
IF salary IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20002 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
SET @salary = salary * 1.10;
dbo.update_employee_salary(@emp_id, salary);
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(emp_id IN NUMBER)
RETURN NUMBER
IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN salary;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN NULL;
END;
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(emp_id IN NUMBER, new_salary IN NUMBER)
IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Error updating employee salary');
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER := 100;
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
salary := get_employee_salary(emp_id);
IF salary IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20002, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
salary := salary * 1.10;
update_employee_salary(emp_id, salary);
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
END;
|
DECLARE
BEGIN
SELECT @rec1 = EMPNO, ENAME FROM EMP WHERE EMPNO = 7788;
IF FOUND BEGIN
UPDATE EMP SET SAL = SAL * 1.10 WHERE EMPNO = @rec1_EMPNO;
END
ELSE BEGIN
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (9999, 'UNKNOWN EMPLOYEE', 3000, 'CLERK');
END
COMMIT;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found for EMPNO 7788');
END
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
DECLARE
rec1 emp_record%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
SELECT EMPNO, ENAME INTO rec1 FROM EMP WHERE EMPNO = 7788;
IF FOUND THEN
UPDATE EMP SET SAL = SAL * 1.10 WHERE EMPNO = rec1.EMPNO;
ELSE
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES (9999, 'UNKNOWN EMPLOYEE', 3000, 'CLERK');
END IF;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found for EMPNO 7788');
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT := 100;
BEGIN
DECLARE c CURSOR FOR SELECT * FROM employees WHERE employee_id = @v_emp_id;
OPEN c;
FETCH c INTO;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.1 WHERE employee_id = @c_employee_id;
FETCH c INTO;
END;
CLOSE c;
DEALLOCATE c;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER := 100;
BEGIN
FOR c IN (SELECT * FROM employees WHERE employee_id = v_emp_id)
LOOP
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.1 WHERE employee_id = c.employee_id;
END LOOP;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('sp_transfer_funds', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE sp_transfer_funds;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE sp_transfer_funds (
@in_from_cust_id IN AS NUMBER,
in_to_cust_id IN NUMBER,
in_amount IN NUMBER
)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE
@v_from_balance FLOAT;
v_to_balance NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_from_balance = balance FROM accounts WHERE customer_id = in_from_cust_id;
SELECT @v_to_balance = balance FROM accounts WHERE customer_id = in_to_cust_id;
IF in_amount < 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20100 Transfer amount must be non-negative', 16, 1);
END
IF @v_from_balance < in_amount BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20101 Insufficient funds in source account', 16, 1);
END
UPDATE accounts SET balance = balance - in_amount WHERE customer_id = in_from_cust_id;
UPDATE accounts SET balance = balance + in_amount WHERE customer_id = in_to_cust_id;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
END;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE sp_transfer_funds (
in_from_cust_id IN NUMBER,
in_to_cust_id IN NUMBER,
in_amount IN NUMBER
)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE
v_from_balance NUMBER;
v_to_balance NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT balance INTO v_from_balance FROM accounts WHERE customer_id = in_from_cust_id;
SELECT balance INTO v_to_balance FROM accounts WHERE customer_id = in_to_cust_id;
IF in_amount < 0 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20100, 'Transfer amount must be non-negative');
END IF;
IF v_from_balance < in_amount THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20101, 'Insufficient funds in source account');
END IF;
UPDATE accounts SET balance = balance - in_amount WHERE customer_id = in_from_cust_id;
UPDATE accounts SET balance = balance + in_amount WHERE customer_id = in_to_cust_id;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
END;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('my_proc', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE my_proc;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE my_proc(@param1 IN AS VARCHAR2, param2 IN OUT NUMBER)
IS
BEGIN
SELECT @param2 = COUNT(*) FROM my_table WHERE col = param1;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
set @param2 = 0;
END
END;
END;
/
DECLARE
@v_param1 VARCHAR(100) := 'value1';
v_param2 NUMBER;
BEGIN
dbo.my_proc(@v_param1, v_param2);
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE my_proc(param1 IN VARCHAR2, param2 IN OUT NUMBER)
IS
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO param2 FROM my_table WHERE col = param1;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
param2 := 0;
END;
END;
/
DECLARE
v_param1 VARCHAR2(100) := 'value1';
v_param2 NUMBER;
BEGIN
my_proc(v_param1, v_param2);
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_salary', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(@emp_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END; IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @salary = salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN salary;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN NULL;
END
END;
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT := 100;
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SET @salary = dbo.get_employee_salary(@emp_id);
IF salary IS NULL BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found.');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee salary: ' + isnull(salary, ''));
END
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(emp_id IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN salary;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN NULL;
END;
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER := 100;
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
salary := get_employee_salary(emp_id);
IF salary IS NULL THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found.');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee salary: ' || salary);
END IF;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = emp_id FROM emp WHERE emp_name = 'John Doe';
IF @v_emp_id IS NOT NULL BEGIN
UPDATE emp SET salary = salary * 1.1 WHERE emp_id = @v_emp_id;
END
ELSE BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found.', 16, 1);
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT emp_id INTO v_emp_id FROM emp WHERE emp_name = 'John Doe';
IF v_emp_id IS NOT NULL THEN
UPDATE emp SET salary = salary * 1.1 WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
ELSE
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found.');
END IF;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id DECIMAL(19,4) /* Use -meta option EMP.emp_id%TYPE */;
v_salary EMP.salary%TYPE;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = emp_id, @v_salary = salary FROM emp WHERE emp_id = 10;
IF v_salary > 10000 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary is greater than 10000.');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary is not greater than 10000.');
END
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found for employee ID 10.');
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id EMP.emp_id%TYPE;
v_salary EMP.salary%TYPE;
BEGIN
SELECT emp_id, salary INTO v_emp_id, v_salary FROM emp WHERE emp_id = 10;
IF v_salary > 10000 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary is greater than 10000.');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary is not greater than 10000.');
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found for employee ID 10.');
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('sp_update_employee', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE sp_update_employee;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE sp_update_employee(
@p_emp_id IN AS NUMBER,
p_emp_name IN VARCHAR2,
p_emp_salary IN NUMBER
) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees
SET emp_name = p_emp_name,
emp_salary = p_emp_salary
WHERE emp_id = p_emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
IF OBJECT_ID('fn_get_employee_name', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION fn_get_employee_name;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION fn_get_employee_name(
@p_emp_id IN NUMBER
DECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN VARCHAR2
RETURN NULL;
END; IS
BEGIN
RETURN (SELECT emp_name FROM employees WHERE emp_id = p_emp_id);
END;
DECLARE
@v_emp_name VARCHAR(50);
BEGIN
SET @v_emp_name = dbo.fn_get_employee_name(100);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' + isnull(@v_emp_name, ''));
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE sp_update_employee(
p_emp_id IN NUMBER,
p_emp_name IN VARCHAR2,
p_emp_salary IN NUMBER
) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees
SET emp_name = p_emp_name,
emp_salary = p_emp_salary
WHERE emp_id = p_emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION fn_get_employee_name(
p_emp_id IN NUMBER
) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
BEGIN
RETURN (SELECT emp_name FROM employees WHERE emp_id = p_emp_id);
END;
DECLARE
v_emp_name VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
v_emp_name := fn_get_employee_name(100);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' || v_emp_name);
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('add_employee', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE add_employee;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE add_employee (
@first_name IN AS VARCHAR2,
last_name IN VARCHAR2,
email IN VARCHAR2,
salary IN NUMBER
) AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (first_name, last_name, email, salary)
VALUES (first_name, last_name, email, salary);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END add_employee;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE add_employee (
first_name IN VARCHAR2,
last_name IN VARCHAR2,
email IN VARCHAR2,
salary IN NUMBER
) AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (first_name, last_name, email, salary)
VALUES (first_name, last_name, email, salary);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END add_employee;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE MyProcedure(@a IN AS NUMBER, b IN VARCHAR2) AS
BEGIN
*** iables
l_c PLS_INTEGER;
*** ations
set @l_c = a * 2;
*** n if b is NULL
IF b IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20000 b cannot be NULL', 16, 1);
END
-- Up... SQLINES DEMO ***
UPDATE MyTable SET col1 = l_c WHERE col2 = b;
*** ction
COMMIT;
END;
/
|
CREATE PROCEDURE MyProcedure(a IN NUMBER, b IN VARCHAR2) AS
BEGIN
-- Declare local variables
l_c PLS_INTEGER;
-- Perform some operations
l_c := a * 2;
-- Raise an exception if b is NULL
IF b IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, 'b cannot be NULL');
END IF;
-- Update the database
UPDATE MyTable SET col1 = l_c WHERE col2 = b;
-- Commit the transaction
COMMIT;
END;
/
|
IF OBJECT_ID('increment_salary', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE increment_salary;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE increment_salary(@emp_id IN AS NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary + 100 WHERE emp_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
/
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT := 10;
BEGIN
dbo.increment_salary(@emp_id);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
END;
/
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE increment_salary(emp_id IN NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary + 100 WHERE emp_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
/
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER := 10;
BEGIN
increment_salary(emp_id);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
END;
/
|
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Hello, world!');
DECLARE
@v_count FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_count = COUNT(*) FROM employees;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('There are ' + isnull(@v_count, '') + ' employees.');
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employees found.');
END
END;
END; | BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Hello, world!');
DECLARE
v_count NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO v_count FROM employees;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('There are ' || v_count || ' employees.');
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employees found.');
END;
END; |
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
v_emp_salary ROW_NUMBER(10,2);
v_err_msg dbo.VARCHAR2(200);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = employee_id, @v_emp_salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'King';
IF v_emp_salary > 10000 BEGIN
SET @v_err_msg = 'Salary is greater than 10000';
RAISERROR(-20000, v_err_msg, 16, 1);
END
UPDATE employees
SET salary = salary * 1.1
WHERE employee_id = @v_emp_id;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
SET @v_err_msg = SQLERRM;
RAISERROR(-20001, v_err_msg, 16, 1);
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_emp_salary NUMBER(10,2);
v_err_msg VARCHAR2(200);
BEGIN
SELECT employee_id, salary
INTO v_emp_id, v_emp_salary
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'King';
IF v_emp_salary > 10000 THEN
v_err_msg := 'Salary is greater than 10000';
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, v_err_msg);
END IF;
UPDATE employees
SET salary = salary * 1.1
WHERE employee_id = v_emp_id;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
v_err_msg := SQLERRM;
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, v_err_msg);
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_count', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employee_count;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_count(@dept_id FLOAT)
RETURNS FLOAT
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @emp_count FLOAT;
SELECT @emp_count = COUNT(*)
FROM employees
WHERE department_id = @dept_id;
RETURN @emp_count;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN 0;
END
END;
DECLARE
@dept_id FLOAT := 20;
emp_num NUMBER;
BEGIN
SET @emp_num = dbo.get_employee_count(@dept_id);
IF emp_num = 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employees found in department ' + isnull(@dept_id, ''));
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Number of employees in department ' + isnull(@dept_id, '') + ': ' + isnull(emp_num, ''));
END
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employee_count(dept_id NUMBER)
RETURN NUMBER
IS
emp_count NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*)
INTO emp_count
FROM employees
WHERE department_id = dept_id;
RETURN emp_count;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN 0;
END;
DECLARE
dept_id NUMBER := 20;
emp_num NUMBER;
BEGIN
emp_num := get_employee_count(dept_id);
IF emp_num = 0 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employees found in department ' || dept_id);
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Number of employees in department ' || dept_id || ': ' || emp_num);
END IF;
END;
|
*** able
CREATE TABLE sample_table (
id BIGINT PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL
);
*** into the table
INSERT ALL
INTO dbo.sample_table (id, name) dbo.VALUES (1, 'John Doe')
INTO dbo.sample_table (id, name) dbo.VALUES (2, 'Jane Smith')
SELECT *;
*** rocedure to get the name of a person by their ID
CREATE PROCEDURE get_name (
@id_in IN AS NUMBER,
name_out OUT VARCHAR2
)
AS
BEGIN
SELECT @name_out = name
FROM sample_table
WHERE id = id_in;
END;
/
*** to calculate the factorial of a number
CREATE FUNCTION factorial (
@n IN NUMBER
DECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END;
AS
BEGIN
IF n = 0 BEGIN
RETURN 1;
END
ELSE BEGIN
RETURN n * dbo.factorial(n - 1);
END
END;
/
*** d procedure and display the result
DECLARE
@person_name VARCHAR(50);
BEGIN
dbo.get_name(1, @person_name);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The name of the person with ID 1 is ' + isnull(@person_name, ''));
END;
/
*** ion and display the result
DECLARE
@factorial_result FLOAT;
BEGIN
SET @factorial_result = dbo.factorial(5);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The factorial of 5 is ' + isnull(@factorial_result, ''));
END;
/
*** the stored procedure
BEGIN
dbo.get_name(-1, @person_name);
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No person found with the given ID');
END
END;
/ | -- Create a sample table
CREATE TABLE sample_table (
id NUMBER(10) PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR2(50) NOT NULL
);
-- Insert some data into the table
INSERT ALL
INTO sample_table (id, name) VALUES (1, 'John Doe')
INTO sample_table (id, name) VALUES (2, 'Jane Smith')
SELECT * FROM dual;
-- Create a stored procedure to get the name of a person by their ID
CREATE PROCEDURE get_name (
id_in IN NUMBER,
name_out OUT VARCHAR2
)
AS
BEGIN
SELECT name
INTO name_out
FROM sample_table
WHERE id = id_in;
END;
/
-- Create a function to calculate the factorial of a number
CREATE FUNCTION factorial (
n IN NUMBER
) RETURN NUMBER
AS
BEGIN
IF n = 0 THEN
RETURN 1;
ELSE
RETURN n * factorial(n - 1);
END IF;
END;
/
-- Execute the stored procedure and display the result
DECLARE
person_name VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
get_name(1, person_name);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The name of the person with ID 1 is ' || person_name);
END;
/
-- Execute the function and display the result
DECLARE
factorial_result NUMBER;
BEGIN
factorial_result := factorial(5);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The factorial of 5 is ' || factorial_result);
END;
/
-- Handle errors in the stored procedure
BEGIN
get_name(-1, person_name);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No person found with the given ID');
END;
/ |
BEGIN
/* SQLINES DEMO *** */
v_empno NUMBER;
v_ename dbo.VARCHAR2(50);
v_sal NUMBER;
/* SQLINES DEMO *** rmation */
SELECT @v_ename = ename, @v_sal = sal FROM emp WHERE empno = 7839;
IF v_sal > 10000 BEGIN
/* SQLINES DEMO *** lary is greater than $10,000 */
RAISERROR('-20001 Salary greater than $10,000', 16, 1);
END
/* SQLINES DEMO *** nformation */
UPDATE emp SET sal = v_sal * 1.1 WHERE empno = 7839;
/* SQLINES DEMO *** s */
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
/* SQLINES DEMO *** ions that may occur */
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
BEGIN
/* Declare variables */
v_empno NUMBER;
v_ename VARCHAR2(50);
v_sal NUMBER;
/* Get employee information */
SELECT ename, sal INTO v_ename, v_sal FROM emp WHERE empno = 7839;
IF v_sal > 10000 THEN
/* Raise error if salary is greater than $10,000 */
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Salary greater than $10,000');
END IF;
/* Update employee information */
UPDATE emp SET sal = v_sal * 1.1 WHERE empno = 7839;
/* Commit the changes */
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
/* Handle any exceptions that may occur */
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_no FLOAT;
v_salary NUMBER;
v_deptno NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_no = emp_no, @v_salary = salary, @v_deptno = deptno
FROM employees
WHERE emp_no = 100;
IF v_salary > 5000 BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = v_salary + 1000
WHERE emp_no = @v_emp_no;
END
ELSE BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Salary is too low to increase', 16, 1);
END
COMMIT;
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_no NUMBER;
v_salary NUMBER;
v_deptno NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT emp_no, salary, deptno INTO v_emp_no, v_salary, v_deptno
FROM employees
WHERE emp_no = 100;
IF v_salary > 5000 THEN
UPDATE employees SET salary = v_salary + 1000
WHERE emp_no = v_emp_no;
ELSE
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Salary is too low to increase');
END IF;
COMMIT;
END;
|
DECLARE
@emp_id INT;
emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(30);
BEGIN
SELECT @emp_id = employee_id, @emp_name = last_name
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 100;
IF @emp_id IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' + isnull(emp_name, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found');
END
END;
|
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER(6);
emp_name VARCHAR2(30);
BEGIN
SELECT employee_id, last_name
INTO emp_id, emp_name
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 100;
IF emp_id IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' || emp_name);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found');
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_id FLOAT;
v_name dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
v_result NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_id = id, @v_name = name FROM my_table WHERE id = 1;
IF @v_id > 10 BEGIN
SET @v_result = @v_id + 1;
END
ELSE BEGIN
SET @v_result = @v_id - 1;
END
UPDATE my_table SET name = 'New Name' WHERE id = @v_id;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
DECLARE
v_id NUMBER;
v_name VARCHAR2(20);
v_result NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT id, name INTO v_id, v_name FROM my_table WHERE id = 1;
IF v_id > 10 THEN
v_result := v_id + 1;
ELSE
v_result := v_id - 1;
END IF;
UPDATE my_table SET name = 'New Name' WHERE id = v_id;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
BEGIN
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT := 10;
v_emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(50) := 'John Doe';
v_salary SET @NUMBER = 2000;
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (emp_id, emp_name, salary)
VALUES (@v_emp_id, v_emp_name, v_salary);
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
*** value error
END;
SELECT emp_name, salary
FROM employees
WHERE emp_id = @v_emp_id;
UPDATE employees
SET salary = salary * 1.10
WHERE emp_id = @v_emp_id;
DELETE FROM employees
WHERE emp_id = @v_emp_id;
END;
/ | BEGIN
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER := 10;
v_emp_name VARCHAR2(50) := 'John Doe';
v_salary NUMBER := 2000;
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (emp_id, emp_name, salary)
VALUES (v_emp_id, v_emp_name, v_salary);
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
-- Handle duplicate value error
END;
SELECT emp_name, salary
FROM employees
WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
UPDATE employees
SET salary = salary * 1.10
WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
DELETE FROM employees
WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
END;
/ |
BEGIN
DECLARE
@l_emp_id FLOAT;
l_emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
SELECT @l_emp_id = employee_id, @l_emp_name = isnull(first_name, '') + ' ' + isnull(last_name, '')
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 1;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
END;
UPDATE employees SET email = 'new_email@example.com'
WHERE employee_id = @l_emp_id;
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Employee updated successfully: ' + isnull(l_emp_name, ''));
END; | BEGIN
DECLARE
l_emp_id NUMBER;
l_emp_name VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
SELECT employee_id, first_name || ' ' || last_name
INTO l_emp_id, l_emp_name
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 1;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END;
UPDATE employees SET email = 'new_email@example.com'
WHERE employee_id = l_emp_id;
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Employee updated successfully: ' || l_emp_name);
END; |
IF OBJECT_ID('update_employee_salary', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE update_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(
@employee_id IN AS NUMBER,
new_salary IN NUMBER
) AS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees
SET salary = new_salary
WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(
employee_id IN NUMBER,
new_salary IN NUMBER
) AS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees
SET salary = new_salary
WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE count_employees(@IN department_id AS NUMBER)
AS
emp_count NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @emp_count = COUNT(*) FROM employees WHERE department_id = department_id;
IF emp_count = 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 No employees found in department ' + isnull(department_id, ''), 16, 1);
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Number of employees in department ' + isnull(department_id, '') + ': ' + isnull(emp_count, ''));
END
END;
DECLARE
@department_id FLOAT := 20;
BEGIN
dbo.count_employees(@department_id);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE count_employees(IN department_id NUMBER)
AS
emp_count NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO emp_count FROM employees WHERE department_id = department_id;
IF emp_count = 0 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'No employees found in department ' || department_id);
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Number of employees in department ' || department_id || ': ' || emp_count);
END IF;
END;
DECLARE
department_id NUMBER := 20;
BEGIN
count_employees(department_id);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE update_salary(@emp_id IN AS NUMBER, new_salary IN NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee with ID ' + isnull(emp_id, '') + ' not found', 16, 1);
END
END;
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT := 100;
new_salary SET @NUMBER = 20000;
BEGIN
dbo.update_salary(@emp_id, new_salary);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error updating salary: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE update_salary(emp_id IN NUMBER, new_salary IN NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee with ID ' || emp_id || ' not found');
END;
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER := 100;
new_salary NUMBER := 20000;
BEGIN
update_salary(emp_id, new_salary);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error updating salary: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('add_employee', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE add_employee;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE add_employee(
@p_emp_id IN AS NUMBER,
p_name IN VARCHAR2,
p_job IN VARCHAR2,
p_salary IN NUMBER,
p_dept_id IN NUMBER,
p_manager_id IN NUMBER
) AS
BEGIN
*** oyee into the employees table.
INSERT INTO employees(
emp_id,
name,
job,
salary,
dept_id,
manager_id
)
VALUES(
p_emp_id,
p_name,
p_job,
p_salary,
p_dept_id,
p_manager_id
);
*** s to the database.
COMMIT;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE add_employee(
p_emp_id IN NUMBER,
p_name IN VARCHAR2,
p_job IN VARCHAR2,
p_salary IN NUMBER,
p_dept_id IN NUMBER,
p_manager_id IN NUMBER
) AS
BEGIN
-- Insert a new employee into the employees table.
INSERT INTO employees(
emp_id,
name,
job,
salary,
dept_id,
manager_id
)
VALUES(
p_emp_id,
p_name,
p_job,
p_salary,
p_dept_id,
p_manager_id
);
-- Commit the changes to the database.
COMMIT;
END;
|
DECLARE
@TYPE employee_type IS REF CURSOR;
emp_cursor employee_type;
BEGIN
SELECT employee_id, first_name, last_name
FROM employees;
WHILE 1=1 BEGIN
FETCH emp_cursor INTO @employee_id, @first_name, @last_name;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BREAK;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' + isnull(employee_id, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('First Name: ' + isnull(first_name, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Last Name: ' + isnull(last_name, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('------------------');
END;
CLOSE emp_cursor;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
/ | DECLARE
TYPE employee_type IS REF CURSOR;
emp_cursor employee_type;
BEGIN
OPEN emp_cursor FOR
SELECT employee_id, first_name, last_name
FROM employees;
LOOP
FETCH emp_cursor INTO employee_id, first_name, last_name;
EXIT WHEN emp_cursor%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' || employee_id);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('First Name: ' || first_name);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Last Name: ' || last_name);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('------------------');
END LOOP;
CLOSE emp_cursor;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
/ |
IF OBJECT_ID('update_employee', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE update_employee;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee
(
@emp_id IN AS NUMBER,
new_salary IN NUMBER,
OUT update_status OUT VARCHAR2
)
AS
BEGIN
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
set @update_status = 'SUCCESS';
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
set @update_status = 'EMPLOYEE NOT FOUND';
END
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
set @update_status = 'DUPLICATE SALARY';
WHEN OTHERS THEN
set @update_status = 'ERROR';
END;
END update_employee;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_employee
(
emp_id IN NUMBER,
new_salary IN NUMBER,
OUT update_status OUT VARCHAR2
)
AS
BEGIN
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
update_status := 'SUCCESS';
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
update_status := 'EMPLOYEE NOT FOUND';
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
update_status := 'DUPLICATE SALARY';
WHEN OTHERS THEN
update_status := 'ERROR';
END;
END update_employee;
|
BEGIN
IF num_rows(SELECT * FROM table_name) = 0 THEN
INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2) VALUES (value1, value2);
ELSE
UPDATE table_name SET column1 = value1, column2 = value2 WHERE condition;
END IF;
DECLARE
cursor_name CURSOR FOR
SELECT * FROM table_name;
rec RECORD;
BEGIN
OPEN cursor_name;
WHILE 1=1 BEGIN
FETCH cursor_name INTO @rec;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BREAK;
DECLARE @i INT = 1 ;
WHILE @i <= 10 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Row: ' + isnull(rec.id, '') + ', ' + isnull(rec.name, ''));
END;
END;
CLOSE cursor_name;
END;
DECLARE
@proc_name PROCEDURE;
BEGIN
SET @proc_name = 'my_procedure';
EXECUTE sp_executesql @'CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE ' || isnull(@proc_name, '') + ' AS BEGIN NULL; END;' USING OUT @proc_name;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
exception_name EXCEPTION;
BEGIN
RAISE exception_name;
EXCEPTION
WHEN exception_name THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Exception occurred');
END;
END;
END; | BEGIN
IF num_rows(SELECT * FROM table_name) = 0 THEN
INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2) VALUES (value1, value2);
ELSE
UPDATE table_name SET column1 = value1, column2 = value2 WHERE condition;
END IF;
DECLARE
cursor_name CURSOR FOR
SELECT * FROM table_name;
rec RECORD;
BEGIN
OPEN cursor_name;
LOOP
FETCH cursor_name INTO rec;
EXIT WHEN cursor_name%NOTFOUND;
FOR i IN 1 .. 10 LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Row: ' || rec.id || ', ' || rec.name);
END LOOP;
END LOOP;
CLOSE cursor_name;
END;
DECLARE
proc_name PROCEDURE;
BEGIN
proc_name := 'my_procedure';
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE ' || proc_name || ' AS BEGIN NULL; END;' USING OUT proc_name;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
exception_name EXCEPTION;
BEGIN
RAISE exception_name;
EXCEPTION
WHEN exception_name THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Exception occurred');
END;
END;
END; |
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = employee_id, @v_salary = salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = 1;
IF v_salary > 5000 BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = v_salary + 1000 WHERE employee_id = @v_emp_id;
END
ELSE BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = v_salary - 1000 WHERE employee_id = @v_emp_id;
END
COMMIT;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
NULL;
END *** und exception
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT employee_id, salary INTO v_emp_id, v_salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = 1;
IF v_salary > 5000 THEN
UPDATE employees SET salary = v_salary + 1000 WHERE employee_id = v_emp_id;
ELSE
UPDATE employees SET salary = v_salary - 1000 WHERE employee_id = v_emp_id;
END IF;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
NULL; -- Handle no data found exception
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_sal FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_sal = salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = 1;
IF @v_sal > 10000 BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = @v_sal + 1000 WHERE employee_id = 1;
END
ELSE BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Salary is too low', 16, 1);
END
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
DECLARE
v_sal NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO v_sal FROM employees WHERE employee_id = 1;
IF v_sal > 10000 THEN
UPDATE employees SET salary = v_sal + 1000 WHERE employee_id = 1;
ELSE
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Salary is too low');
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT := 10;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
BEGIN
SELECT @v_salary = salary FROM emp WHERE empno = @v_emp_id;
IF @@fetch_status <> 0 BEGIN
SET @v_salary = 0;
END
END;
IF v_salary > 10000 BEGIN
UPDATE emp SET bonus = 0.1 * salary WHERE empno = @v_emp_id;
END
INSERT INTO log
(
log_date,
log_level,
log_message
)
VALUES
(
GETDATE(),
'INFO',
'Employee ' + isnull(@v_emp_id, '') + ' salary update processed.'
);
END;
/
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER := 10;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO v_salary FROM emp WHERE empno = v_emp_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN no_data_found THEN
v_salary := 0;
END;
IF v_salary > 10000 THEN
UPDATE emp SET bonus = 0.1 * salary WHERE empno = v_emp_id;
END IF;
INSERT INTO log
(
log_date,
log_level,
log_message
)
VALUES
(
SYSDATE,
'INFO',
'Employee ' || v_emp_id || ' salary update processed.'
);
END;
/
|
DECLARE
@v_id FLOAT;
v_name dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_id = id, @v_name = name FROM employees WHERE id = 1;
IF @v_id IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found with ID: ' + isnull(@v_id, ''), 16, 1);
END
UPDATE employees SET name = 'updated name' WHERE id = @v_id;
COMMIT;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20002 No data found for the specified criteria', 16, 1);
END
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
|
DECLARE
v_id NUMBER;
v_name VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT id, name INTO v_id, v_name FROM employees WHERE id = 1;
IF v_id IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found with ID: ' || v_id);
END IF;
UPDATE employees SET name = 'updated name' WHERE id = v_id;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20002, 'No data found for the specified criteria');
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE proc_name (
@param1 IN AS NUMBER,
param2 IN VARCHAR2
)
IS
local_variable NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- So... SQLINES DEMO ***
SELECT INTO local_variable FROM table_name WHERE condition;
IF local_variable > 0 BEGIN
INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2) VALUES (param1, param2);
END
ELSE BEGIN
RAISERROR ('-20001 Error occurred while processing.', 16, 1);
END
COMMIT;
END;
|
PROCEDURE proc_name (
param1 IN NUMBER,
param2 IN VARCHAR2
)
IS
local_variable NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Some statements
SELECT INTO local_variable FROM table_name WHERE condition;
IF local_variable > 0 THEN
INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2) VALUES (param1, param2);
ELSE
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR (-20001, 'Error occurred while processing.');
END IF;
COMMIT;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('proc_increment_balance', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE proc_increment_balance;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE proc_increment_balance(
@p_account_id IN AS VARCHAR2,
p_amount IN NUMBER
)
IS
v_balance NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Ge... SQLINES DEMO ***
SELECT @v_balance = balance
FROM accounts
WHERE account_id = p_account_id;
-- In... SQLINES DEMO ***
set @v_balance = v_balance + p_amount;
-- Up... SQLINES DEMO ***
UPDATE accounts
SET balance = v_balance
WHERE account_id = p_account_id;
-- Co... SQLINES DEMO ***
COMMIT;
END proc_increment_balance; | CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE proc_increment_balance(
p_account_id IN VARCHAR2,
p_amount IN NUMBER
)
IS
v_balance NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Get current balance
SELECT balance INTO v_balance
FROM accounts
WHERE account_id = p_account_id;
-- Increment balance
v_balance := v_balance + p_amount;
-- Update balance
UPDATE accounts
SET balance = v_balance
WHERE account_id = p_account_id;
-- Commit changes
COMMIT;
END proc_increment_balance; |
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(@emp_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END; IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @salary = salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN salary;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN NULL;
END
END;
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(@emp_id IN AS NUMBER, new_salary IN NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
DECLARE
@emp_salary FLOAT;
BEGIN
SET @emp_salary = dbo.get_employee_salary(100);
IF @emp_salary IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
ELSE BEGIN
dbo.update_employee_salary(100, @emp_salary + 1000);
END
END;
|
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(emp_id IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN salary;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN NULL;
END;
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(emp_id IN NUMBER, new_salary IN NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
DECLARE
emp_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
emp_salary := get_employee_salary(100);
IF emp_salary IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
ELSE
update_employee_salary(100, emp_salary + 1000);
END IF;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE insert_employee(
@name_in IN AS VARCHAR2,
salary_in IN NUMBER,
department_id_in IN NUMBER
) AS
emp_id NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @emp_id = employee_id_seq.NEXTVAL;
INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, name, salary, department_id)
VALUES (emp_id, name_in, salary_in, department_id_in);
COMMIT;
END;
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(
@employee_id_in IN NUMBER
DECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END; AS
BEGIN
RETURN (
SELECT salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = employee_id_in
);
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
@name VARCHAR(20);
salary NUMBER;
department_id NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @name = * salary, department_id FROM employees WHERE employee_id = 1;
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary + 100 WHERE employee_id = 1;
COMMIT;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
END;
DECLARE @i INT = 1 ;
WHILE @i <= 10 BEGIN
INSERT INTO sales (employee_id, product_id, quantity_sold)
VALUES (1, i, i * 10);
END;
COMMIT;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE insert_employee(
name_in IN VARCHAR2,
salary_in IN NUMBER,
department_id_in IN NUMBER
) AS
emp_id NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT employee_id_seq.NEXTVAL INTO emp_id FROM dual;
INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, name, salary, department_id)
VALUES (emp_id, name_in, salary_in, department_id_in);
COMMIT;
END;
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(
employee_id_in IN NUMBER
) RETURN NUMBER AS
BEGIN
RETURN (
SELECT salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = employee_id_in
);
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
name VARCHAR2(20);
salary NUMBER;
department_id NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT * INTO name, salary, department_id FROM employees WHERE employee_id = 1;
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary + 100 WHERE employee_id = 1;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END;
FOR i IN 1 .. 10 LOOP
INSERT INTO sales (employee_id, product_id, quantity_sold)
VALUES (1, i, i * 10);
END LOOP;
COMMIT;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_salary', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(@employee_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END; IS
BEGIN
RETURN (SELECT salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = employee_id);
END get_employee_salary;
IF OBJECT_ID('update_employee_salary', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE update_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(@employee_id IN AS NUMBER, new_salary IN NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
COMMIT;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee with ID ' + isnull(employee_id, '') + ' not found', 16, 1);
END
END;
END update_employee_salary;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(employee_id IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS
BEGIN
RETURN (SELECT salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = employee_id);
END get_employee_salary;
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(employee_id IN NUMBER, new_salary IN NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee with ID ' || employee_id || ' not found');
END;
END update_employee_salary;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_info', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE get_employee_info;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE get_employee_info (
@p_employee_id IN AS NUMBER,
OUT p_first_name OUT VARCHAR2,
OUT p_last_name OUT VARCHAR2,
OUT p_salary OUT NUMBER
) AS
BEGIN
SELECT @p_first_name = first_name, @p_last_name = last_name, @p_salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = p_employee_id;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found.', 16, 1);
END
END;
DECLARE
@first_name VARCHAR(20);
last_name dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
dbo.get_employee_info(100, @first_name, last_name, salary);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('First name: ' + isnull(@first_name, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Last name: ' + isnull(last_name, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' + isnull(salary, ''));
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE get_employee_info (
p_employee_id IN NUMBER,
OUT p_first_name OUT VARCHAR2,
OUT p_last_name OUT VARCHAR2,
OUT p_salary OUT NUMBER
) AS
BEGIN
SELECT first_name, last_name, salary
INTO p_first_name, p_last_name, p_salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = p_employee_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found.');
END;
DECLARE
first_name VARCHAR2(20);
last_name VARCHAR2(20);
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
get_employee_info(100, first_name, last_name, salary);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('First name: ' || first_name);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Last name: ' || last_name);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' || salary);
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE get_employee_info (
@emp_id IN AS NUMBER,
OUT emp_name OUT VARCHAR2,
OUT emp_salary OUT NUMBER
) AS
BEGIN
SELECT @emp_name = ename, @emp_salary = sal
FROM emp
WHERE empno = emp_id;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT := 7934;
emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(50);
emp_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
dbo.get_employee_info(@emp_id, emp_name, emp_salary);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' + isnull(emp_name, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Salary: ' + isnull(emp_salary, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END
END;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE get_employee_info (
emp_id IN NUMBER,
OUT emp_name OUT VARCHAR2,
OUT emp_salary OUT NUMBER
) AS
BEGIN
SELECT ename, sal
INTO emp_name, emp_salary
FROM emp
WHERE empno = emp_id;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER := 7934;
emp_name VARCHAR2(50);
emp_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
get_employee_info(emp_id, emp_name, emp_salary);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' || emp_name);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Salary: ' || emp_salary);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('my_procedure', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE my_procedure;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE my_procedure(
@p_id_in IN AS NUMBER,
p_name_in IN VARCHAR2,
p_result_out OUT VARCHAR2
) AS
BEGIN
*** m the database
SELECT @p_result_out = name
FROM example_table
WHERE id = p_id_in;
-- Er... SQLINES DEMO ***
IF p_name_in IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Name cannot be null', 16, 1);
END
*** e database
UPDATE example_table
SET name = p_name_in
WHERE id = p_id_in;
-- Co... SQLINES DEMO ***
COMMIT;
END my_procedure;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE my_procedure(
p_id_in IN NUMBER,
p_name_in IN VARCHAR2,
p_result_out OUT VARCHAR2
) AS
BEGIN
-- Retrieve data from the database
SELECT name INTO p_result_out
FROM example_table
WHERE id = p_id_in;
-- Error handling
IF p_name_in IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Name cannot be null');
END IF;
-- Update data in the database
UPDATE example_table
SET name = p_name_in
WHERE id = p_id_in;
-- Commit changes
COMMIT;
END my_procedure;
|
BEGIN
-- De... SQLINES DEMO ***
v_num NUMBER;
v_status dbo.VARCHAR2(10);
*** employees
SELECT @v_num = COUNT(*) FROM employees;
*** e any employees
IF v_num = 0 BEGIN
-- No... SQLINES DEMO ***
set @v_status = 'No employees found';
END
ELSE BEGIN
-- Em... SQLINES DEMO ***
set @v_status = 'Employees found';
END
-- Ou... SQLINES DEMO ***
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(v_status);
-- Ha... SQLINES DEMO ***
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
*** the table
set @v_status = 'No data found';
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(v_status);
END
END;
|
BEGIN
-- Declare variables
v_num NUMBER;
v_status VARCHAR2(10);
-- Get the number of employees
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO v_num FROM employees;
-- Check if there are any employees
IF v_num = 0 THEN
-- No employees found
v_status := 'No employees found';
ELSE
-- Employees found
v_status := 'Employees found';
END IF;
-- Output the status
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(v_status);
EXCEPTION
-- Handle any errors
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
-- No data found in the table
v_status := 'No data found';
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(v_status);
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('calculate_total', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE calculate_total;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE calculate_total(@customer_id IN AS NUMBER) AS
total_orders NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @total_orders = COUNT(*) FROM orders WHERE customer_id = customer_id;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total orders for customer ' + isnull(customer_id, '') + ': ' + isnull(total_orders, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No orders found for customer ' + isnull(customer_id, ''));
END
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE calculate_total(customer_id IN NUMBER) AS
total_orders NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO total_orders FROM orders WHERE customer_id = customer_id;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total orders for customer ' || customer_id || ': ' || total_orders);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No orders found for customer ' || customer_id);
END;
|
DECLARE
@l_cursor SYS_REFCURSOR;
l_emp_id SET @NUMBER = 1;
l_emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT emp_name
FROM employees
WHERE emp_id = l_emp_id;
FETCH l_cursor INTO @l_emp_name;
CLOSE l_cursor;
IF l_emp_name IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee Id Not Found', 16, 1);
END
UPDATE employees SET emp_name = 'John Doe' WHERE emp_id = l_emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
|
DECLARE
l_cursor SYS_REFCURSOR;
l_emp_id NUMBER := 1;
l_emp_name VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
OPEN l_cursor FOR
SELECT emp_name
FROM employees
WHERE emp_id = l_emp_id;
FETCH l_cursor INTO l_emp_name;
CLOSE l_cursor;
IF l_emp_name IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee Id Not Found');
END IF;
UPDATE employees SET emp_name = 'John Doe' WHERE emp_id = l_emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
|
CREATE TABLE sales (id INT, product VARCHAR(255), price DECIMAL(10,2), quantity INT);
INSERT INTO sales VALUES (1, 'Product A', 10.00, 10);
INSERT INTO sales VALUES (2, 'Product B', 15.00, 20);
INSERT INTO sales VALUES (3, 'Product C', 20.00, 15);
CREATE PROCEDURE get_sales_total AS
total dbo.DECIMAL(10,2) := 0;
BEGIN
DECLARE record CURSOR FOR SELECT * FROM sales; OPEN record;
FETCH record INTO;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
set @total = total + @record_price * @record_quantity;
FETCH record INTO;
END;
CLOSE record;
DEALLOCATE record;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(total);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred.');
END;
CALL get_sales_total;
|
CREATE TABLE sales (id INT, product VARCHAR(255), price DECIMAL(10,2), quantity INT);
INSERT INTO sales VALUES (1, 'Product A', 10.00, 10);
INSERT INTO sales VALUES (2, 'Product B', 15.00, 20);
INSERT INTO sales VALUES (3, 'Product C', 20.00, 15);
PROCEDURE get_sales_total IS
total DECIMAL(10,2) := 0;
BEGIN
FOR record IN (SELECT * FROM sales) LOOP
total := total + record.price * record.quantity;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(total);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred.');
END;
CALL get_sales_total;
|
DECLARE
@v_salary FLOAT := 1000;
BEGIN
BEGIN
SET @v_salary = @v_salary * 1.1;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary increased by 10%.');
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with that ID.');
END
END;
BEGIN
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Transaction committed successfully.');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Transaction rolled back due to an error.');
END;
END;
|
DECLARE
v_salary NUMBER := 1000;
BEGIN
BEGIN
v_salary := v_salary * 1.1;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary increased by 10%.');
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with that ID.');
END;
BEGIN
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Transaction committed successfully.');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Transaction rolled back due to an error.');
END;
END;
|
CREATE TABLE emp (
empno SMALLINT PRIMARY KEY,
ename VARCHAR(20),
sal DECIMAL(7,2),
deptno SMALLINT
);
INSERT INTO emp (empno, ename, sal, deptno) VALUES (7369, 'SMITH', 800, 20);
INSERT INTO emp (empno, ename, sal, deptno) VALUES (7499, 'ALLEN', 1600, 30);
CREATE PROCEDURE get_employee (
@p_empno IN AS NUMBER,
p_ename OUT VARCHAR2,
p_sal OUT NUMBER
)
AS
BEGIN
SELECT @p_ename = ename, @p_sal = sal FROM emp WHERE empno = p_empno;
END;
DECLARE
@v_empno FLOAT := 7369;
v_ename dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
v_sal NUMBER;
BEGIN
dbo.get_employee(@v_empno, v_ename, v_sal);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' + isnull(v_ename, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' + isnull(v_sal, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found.');
END
END;
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary (
@p_empno IN NUMBER
DECLARE )
RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END;
AS
BEGIN
RETURN (SELECT sal FROM emp WHERE empno = p_empno);
END;
SELECT empno, ename, dbo.get_employee_salary(empno) AS salary FROM emp;
|
CREATE TABLE emp (
empno NUMBER(4) PRIMARY KEY,
ename VARCHAR2(20),
sal NUMBER(7,2),
deptno NUMBER(2)
);
INSERT INTO emp (empno, ename, sal, deptno) VALUES (7369, 'SMITH', 800, 20);
INSERT INTO emp (empno, ename, sal, deptno) VALUES (7499, 'ALLEN', 1600, 30);
CREATE PROCEDURE get_employee (
p_empno IN NUMBER,
p_ename OUT VARCHAR2,
p_sal OUT NUMBER
)
AS
BEGIN
SELECT ename, sal INTO p_ename, p_sal FROM emp WHERE empno = p_empno;
END;
DECLARE
v_empno NUMBER := 7369;
v_ename VARCHAR2(20);
v_sal NUMBER;
BEGIN
get_employee(v_empno, v_ename, v_sal);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' || v_ename);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' || v_sal);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found.');
END;
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary (
p_empno IN NUMBER
)
RETURN NUMBER
AS
BEGIN
RETURN (SELECT sal FROM emp WHERE empno = p_empno);
END;
SELECT empno, ename, get_employee_salary(empno) AS salary FROM emp;
|
DECLARE
@v_empno FLOAT;
v_ename dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_empno = eno, @v_ename = ename, @v_salary = salary FROM emp WHERE eno = 7369;
IF v_salary > 10000 BEGIN
UPDATE emp SET salary = v_salary * 1.1 WHERE eno = @v_empno;
COMMIT;
END
ELSE BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Salary must be greater than 10000', 16, 1);
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_empno NUMBER;
v_ename VARCHAR2(20);
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT eno, ename, salary INTO v_empno, v_ename, v_salary FROM emp WHERE eno = 7369;
IF v_salary > 10000 THEN
UPDATE emp SET salary = v_salary * 1.1 WHERE eno = v_empno;
COMMIT;
ELSE
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Salary must be greater than 10000');
END IF;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('my_proc', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE my_proc;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE my_proc(
@p_in IN AS VARCHAR2,
p_out OUT VARCHAR2
) AS
BEGIN
SELECT @p_out = ename FROM emp WHERE empno = p_in;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
set @p_out = 'Employee not found';
END
END;
DECLARE
@l_empno FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @l_empno = empno FROM emp WHERE ename = 'SMITH';
dbo.my_proc(@l_empno, :l_ename);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee name: ' + isnull(l_ename, ''));
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE my_proc(
p_in IN VARCHAR2,
p_out OUT VARCHAR2
) AS
BEGIN
SELECT ename INTO p_out FROM emp WHERE empno = p_in;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
p_out := 'Employee not found';
END;
DECLARE
l_empno NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT empno INTO l_empno FROM emp WHERE ename = 'SMITH';
my_proc(l_empno, :l_ename);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee name: ' || l_ename);
END;
|
CREATE FUNCTION get_customer_orders(@customer_id IN NUMBERDECLARE )
RETURN
BEGIN SYS_REFCURSOR
RETURN NULL;
END;
AS
orders SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
SELECT order_id, order_date, total_amount
FROM orders
WHERE customer_id = customer_id;
RETURN orders;
END;
DECLARE
@order_count FLOAT;
BEGIN
DECLARE CURSOR_REC CURSOR FOR dbo.get_customer_orders(10)
LOOP
SET @order_count = @order_count + 1;
FETCH CURSOR_REC INTO;
END;
CLOSE CURSOR_REC;
DEALLOCATE CURSOR_REC;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error retrieving customer orders: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
CREATE FUNCTION get_customer_orders(customer_id IN NUMBER)
RETURN SYS_REFCURSOR
AS
orders SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
OPEN orders FOR
SELECT order_id, order_date, total_amount
FROM orders
WHERE customer_id = customer_id;
RETURN orders;
END;
DECLARE
order_count NUMBER;
BEGIN
FOR CURSOR_REC IN get_customer_orders(10)
LOOP
order_count := order_count + 1;
END LOOP;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error retrieving customer orders: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
BEGIN
DECLARE @v_empno SMALLINT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_empno = empno FROM emp WHERE deptno = 20;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
SET @v_empno = 0;
END
END;
END; | BEGIN
DECLARE v_empno NUMBER(4);
BEGIN
SELECT empno INTO v_empno FROM emp WHERE deptno = 20;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
v_empno := 0;
END;
END; |
BEGIN
DECLARE @i INT = 1;
WHILE @i <= 10 BEGIN
BEGIN
UPDATE emp SET sal = sal * 1.10
WHERE empno = i;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX
THEN
ROLLBACK;
WHEN OTHERS
THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Unexpected error, rolling back...'+ISNULL(@@ERROR, ''));
ROLLBACK;
RETURN;
END;
END;
END;
|
BEGIN
FOR i IN 1..10 LOOP
BEGIN
UPDATE emp SET sal = sal * 1.10
WHERE empno = i;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX
THEN
ROLLBACK;
WHEN OTHERS
THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Unexpected error, rolling back...'||SQLCODE);
ROLLBACK;
RETURN;
END;
END LOOP;
END;
|