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Get a list of pairs of keyvalue sorted by values in dictionary `data` | sorted(list(data.items()), key=lambda x: x[1]) |
dict by value pytho | sorted(list(data.items()), key=lambda x: x[1]) |
display current time | now = datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%H:%M:%S') |
find the index of the second occurrence of the substring `bar` in string `foo bar bar bar` | """foo bar bar bar""".replace('bar', 'XXX', 1).find('bar') |
heck if key 'stackoverflow' and key 'google' are presented in dictionary `sites` | set(['stackoverflow', 'google']).issubset(sites) |
eplace string ' and ' in string `stuff` with character '/' | stuff.replace(' and ', '/') |
Save array at index 0, index 1 and index 8 of array `np` to tmp file `tmp` | np.savez(tmp, *[getarray[0], getarray[1], getarray[8]]) |
bstract 1 hour and 10 minutes from current time | t = datetime.datetime.now()
(t - datetime.timedelta(hours=1, minutes=10)) |
btract 1 hour and 10 minutes from time object `t` | (t - datetime.timedelta(hours=1, minutes=10)) |
dd 1 hour and 2 minutes to time object `t` | dt = datetime.datetime.combine(datetime.date.today(), t) |
btract 5 hours from the time object `dt` | dt -= datetime.timedelta(hours=5) |
encode string `data` using hex 'hex' encoding | print(data.encode('hex')) |
Return the decimal value for each hex character in data `data` | print(' '.join([str(ord(a)) for a in data])) |
Get all the items from a list of tuple 'l' where second item in tuple is '1'. | [x for x in l if x[1] == 1] |
Create array `a` containing integers from std | a.fromlist([int(val) for val in stdin.read().split()]) |
place '\' infront of each nonletter char in string `line` | print(re.sub('[_%^$]', '\\\\\\g<0>', line)) |
Get all `a` tags where the text starts with value `some text` using regex | doc.xpath("//a[starts-with(text(),'some text')]") |
vert a list of lists `a` into list of tuples of appropriate elements form nested l | zip(*a) |
vert a list of strings `lst` to list of integer | [map(int, sublist) for sublist in lst] |
vert strings in listoflists `lst` to | [[int(x) for x in sublist] for sublist in lst] |
get index of elements in array `A` that occur in another array `B` | np.where(np.in1d(A, B))[0] |
eate a list where each element is a dictionary with keys 'key1' and 'key2' and values corresponding to each value in the lists referenced by keys 'key1' and 'key2' in dictionary `d` | [{'key1': a, 'key2': b} for a, b in zip(d['key1'], d['key2'])] |
Split dictionary of lists into list of dictionarie | map(dict, zip(*[[(k, v) for v in value] for k, value in list(d.items())])) |
Get Last Day of the first month in 2002 | calendar.monthrange(2002, 1) |
Get Last Day of the second month in 2002 | calendar.monthrange(2008, 2) |
Get Last Day of the second month in 2100 | calendar.monthrange(2100, 2) |
Get Last Day of the month `month` in year `year` | calendar.monthrange(year, month)[1] |
Get Last Day of the second month in year 2012 | monthrange(2012, 2) |
Get Last Day of the first month in year 2000 | (datetime.date(2000, 2, 1) - datetime.timedelta(days=1)) |
Calling an external command ls l | from subprocess import call |
Calling an external command some_command with args | os.system('some_command with args') |
Calling an external command some_command < input_file | another_command > output_file | os.system('some_command < input_file | another_command > output_file') |
Calling an external command some_command with args | stream = os.popen('some_command with args') |
Calling an external command echo Hello World | print(subprocess.Popen('echo Hello World', shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE).stdout.read()) |
Calling an external command echo Hello World | print(os.popen('echo Hello World').read()) |
Calling an external command echo Hello World | return_code = subprocess.call('echo Hello World', shell=True) |
Calling an external command ls | p = subprocess.Popen('ls', shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
for line in p.stdout.readlines():
print(line, end=' ')
retval = p.wait() |
Calling an external command ls l | call(['ls', '-l']) |
decode url `url` with utf8 and print | print(urllib.parse.unquote(url).decode('utf8')) |
decode a urllib escaped url string `url` with `utf8` | url = urllib.parse.unquote(url).decode('utf8') |
delete letters from string '12454v' | """""".join(filter(str.isdigit, '12454v')) |
Update row values for a column `Season` using vectorized string operation in pand | df['Season'].str.split('-').str[0].astype(int) |
a list of tuples `my_list` by second parameter in the tuple | my_list.sort(key=lambda x: x[1]) |
find indexes of all occurrences of a substring `tt` in a string `ttt` | [m.start() for m in re.finditer('(?=tt)', 'ttt')] |
find all occurrences of a substring in a string | [m.start() for m in re.finditer('test', 'test test test test')] |
plit string `s` based on white space | re.findall('\\s+|\\S+', s) |
et columns `['race_date', 'track_code', 'race_number']` as indexes in dataframe `rdata` | rdata.set_index(['race_date', 'track_code', 'race_number']) |
ecursively go through all subdirectories and files in `rootdir` | for (root, subFolders, files) in os.walk(rootdir):
pass |
a list of dictionary values by 'date' in reverse order | list.sort(key=lambda item: item['date'], reverse=True) |
display first 5 characters of string 'aaabbbccc' | """{:.5}""".format('aaabbbccc') |
pack hexadecimal string `s` to a list of integer value | struct.unpack('11B', s) |
finding the index of an item 'foo' given a list `['foo', 'bar', 'baz']` containing | [i for i, j in enumerate(['foo', 'bar', 'baz']) if j == 'foo'] |
generate all permutations of list `[1, 2, 3]` and list `[4, 5, 6]` | print(list(itertools.product([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]))) |
generate all permutations of a list `[1, 2, 3]` | itertools.permutations([1, 2, 3]) |
bstitute occurrences of unicode regex pattern u'\\p{P}+' with empty string '' in string `text` | return re.sub('\\p{P}+', '', text) |
lly throw/raise a `ValueError` exception with the message 'A very specific bad thing happened' | raise ValueError('A very specific bad thing happened') |
hrow an exception I know Python! | raise Exception('I know Python!') |
Manually throw an exception I know python! | raise Exception('I know python!') |
hrow a ValueError with message 'represents a hidden bug, do not catch this' | raise ValueError('represents a hidden bug, do not catch this') |
hrow an Exception with message 'This is the exception you expect to handle' | raise Exception('This is the exception you expect to handle') |
hrow a value error with message 'A very specific bad thing happened', 'foo', 'bar', 'baz' | raise ValueError('A very specific bad thing happened') |
hrow a runtime error with message 'specific message' | raise RuntimeError('specific message') |
hrow an assertion error with message Unexpected value of 'distance'!, distance | raise AssertionError("Unexpected value of 'distance'!", distance) |
f Selenium textarea element `foo` is not empty, clear the field | driver.find_element_by_id('foo').clear() |
lear text from textarea 'foo' with selenium | driver.find_element_by_id('foo').clear() |
vert a number 2130706433 to ip string | socket.inet_ntoa(struct.pack('!L', 2130706433)) |
Rearrange the columns 'a','b','x','y' of pandas DataFrame `df` in mentioned sequence 'x' ,'y','a' ,'b' | df = df[['x', 'y', 'a', 'b']] |
all base class's __init__ method from the child class `ChildClass` | super(ChildClass, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs) |
m of all values in a python dict `d` | sum(d.values()) |
Sum of all values in a Python dic | sum(d.values()) |
vert python dictionary `your_data` to json array | json.dumps(your_data, ensure_ascii=False) |
gn an array of floats in range from 0 to 100 to a variable `values` | values = np.array([i for i in range(100)], dtype=np.float64) |
a list of dictionaries `list_of_dct` by values in an order `order` | sorted(list_of_dct, key=lambda x: order.index(list(x.values())[0])) |
hange the case of the first letter in string `s` | return s[0].upper() + s[1:] |
join list of numbers `[1,2,3,4] ` to string of numbers. | """""".join([1, 2, 3, 4]) |
delete every non `utf8` characters from a string `line` | line = line.decode('utf-8', 'ignore').encode('utf-8') |
execute a command `command ` in the terminal from a python scrip | os.system(command) |
MySQL execute query 'SELECT * FROM foo WHERE bar = %s AND baz = %s' with parameters `param1` and `param2` | c.execute('SELECT * FROM foo WHERE bar = %s AND baz = %s', (param1, param2)) |
Parse string `datestr` into a datetime object using format pattern '%Y%m%d' | dateobj = datetime.datetime.strptime(datestr, '%Y-%m-%d').date() |