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Who was Neale James Cooper | Neale James Cooper (24 November 1963 – 28 May 2018) was a Scottish football player and coach. He played as a midfielder during the 1980s and 1990s, most prominently for the Aberdeen team managed by Alex Ferguson, and later played for Aston Villa, Rangers, Reading, Dunfermline Athletic and Ross County. Cooper then became a coach, and worked as a manager in England with Hartlepool United (twice) and Gillingham, and in Scotland with Ross County and Peterhead. | Neale James Cooper (24 November 1963 – 28 May 2018) was a Scottish football player and coach. He played as a midfielder during the 1980s and 1990s, most prominently for the Aberdeen team managed by Alex Ferguson, and later played for Aston Villa, Rangers, Reading, Dunfermline Athletic and Ross County. | summarization |
What is the cumulative total of 33,456 and 55,789? | 442356 | closed_qa |
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Who are your 3 favorite Star Wars characters and why? | There are so many great Star Wars characters, but if I have to narrow it down to 3, I'd have to say Chewy, Rey, and Grogu. Chewy is a classic Star Wars character who has always been on the 'good' side (the Rebellion). His communication mode is so adorable, he is extremely loyal, and he wears his emotions on his (hairy) sleeve. While Princess Leia was an inspriational character, I think Rey is the most impressive of the two strong female protagonists. Rey is mentally and physically strong, passionate about her beliefs, and I hope she will continue to show up in Star Wars movies. Grogu is from the The Mandalorian series, on Disney Plus. Lots of people call him Baby Yoda because he looks like a tiny version of the famous and wise Yoda character. Grogu appeals to women because he makes baby-like sounds and has huge inquisitive eyes. His curiosity gets him into trouble, but he doesn't know any better yet. He has impressive super powers for such a tiny creature, and I hope that we will get to watch Grogu grow up as the series continues. | creative_writing |
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Given this reference text about the Koala, tell me what makes up most of their diet, how long joeys spend in their mothers' pouches and what are some of the pathogens they are threatened by. | The koala or, inaccurately, koala bear (Phascolarctos cinereus), is an arboreal herbivorous marsupial native to Australia. It is the only extant representative of the family Phascolarctidae and its closest living relatives are the wombats. The koala is found in coastal areas of the mainland's eastern and southern regions, inhabiting Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, and South Australia. It is easily recognisable by its stout, tailless body and large head with round, fluffy ears and large, spoon-shaped nose. The koala has a body length of 60–85 cm (24–33 in) and weighs 4–15 kg (9–33 lb). Fur colour ranges from silver grey to chocolate brown. Koalas from the northern populations are typically smaller and lighter in colour than their counterparts further south. These populations possibly are separate subspecies, but this is disputed.
Koalas typically inhabit open Eucalyptus woodland, as the leaves of these trees make up most of their diet. This eucalypt diet has low nutritional and caloric content and contains toxins that deter most other mammals from feeding on it. Koalas are largely sedentary and sleep up to twenty hours a day. They are asocial animals, and bonding exists only between mothers and dependent offspring. Adult males communicate with loud bellows that intimidate rivals and attract mates. Males mark their presence with secretions from scent glands located on their chests. Being marsupials, koalas give birth to underdeveloped young that crawl into their mothers' pouches, where they stay for the first six to seven months of their lives. These young koalas, known as joeys, are fully weaned around a year old. Koalas have few natural predators and parasites, but are threatened by various pathogens, such as Chlamydiaceae bacteria and koala retrovirus. | Eucalyptus makes up most of their diet. Joeys spend the first six to seven months of their lives in their mothers' pouches. They are threatened by pathogens like Chlamydiaceae and koala retrovirus. | closed_qa |
Where is Cabomba sometimes used for decoration but also utility? | Cabomba is an aquatic plant genus, one of two belonging to the family Cabombaceae. It has divided submerged leaves in the shape of a fan (hence the vernacular name fanwort) and is much favoured by aquarists as an ornamental and oxygenating plant for fish tanks. Use in the aquarium trade has led to some species being introduced to other parts of the world, such as Australia, where they have become weeds. | fish tanks | information_extraction |
My air conditioner quit working how do I fix it? | If your air conditioner quit working you may find it to be extremely hot in the building or house you are in. If you are in a building you will want to contact building management first and let them know about the problem and then you will want to remove yourself from the area that is very hot to prevent heat exhaustion. If you are in a house you will want to call a service technician to get your air conditioner fixed. It may be quite costly to get it fixed depending on the problem, and you might want to consider a home warranty in order to keep your costs down if you don't already have one. Next you will want to stay with a friend or family member in their house if its too hot in your house to stay there. | open_qa |
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Who is Sachin Tendulkar? | Sachin Ramesh Tendulkar is an Indian former international cricketer who captained the Indian national team. He is regarded as one of the greatest batsmen in the history of cricket. He is the all-time highest run-scorer in both ODI and Test cricket with more than 18,000 runs and 15,000 runs, respectively. He also holds the record for receiving the most man-of-the-match awards in international cricket.[ | open_qa |
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Extract from the text the main characteristics of the city of São Paulo. Separate them with a comma. | São Paulo is the most populous city in Brazil, and is the capital of the state of São Paulo, the most populous and wealthiest Brazilian state, located in the country's Southeast Region. Listed by the GaWC as an alpha global city, São Paulo is the most populous city proper in the Americas, the Western Hemisphere, and the Southern Hemisphere, as well as the world's 4th largest city proper by population. Additionally, São Paulo is the largest Portuguese-speaking city in the world. It exerts strong international influences in commerce, finance, arts and entertainment. The city's name honors the Apostle, Saint Paul of Tarsus. The city's metropolitan area, the Greater São Paulo, ranks as the most populous in Brazil and the 12th most populous on Earth. The process of conurbation between the metropolitan areas around the Greater São Paulo (Campinas, Santos, Jundiaí, Sorocaba and São José dos Campos) created the São Paulo Macrometropolis, a megalopolis with more than 30 million inhabitants, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world. | most populous city in Brazil, most populous and wealthiest Brazilian state, located in the country's Southeast Region, Listed by the GaWC as an alpha global city, the most populous city proper in the Americas, the world's 4th largest city proper by population, São Paulo is the largest Portuguese-speaking city in the world, city's name honors the Apostle, Saint Paul of Tarsus, ranks as the most populous in Brazil and the 12th most populous on Earth | information_extraction |
What is the difference between Kuchipudi and Kathak dance forms of India? | Though both are Indian classical dance forms, the difference lies in their place of origin the associated music and mudras ( body movement).
Kuchipudi originated in South Indian region of Andhra, is performed on Carnatic music, dance movement can have bending the knee.
Kathak originated in North India regions of UP, Bihar, is performed on Gharana music, dance movement is fast involves lot of rotations but the knee is not bend | brainstorming |
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What countries are in the European Union? | - Austria
- Belgium
- Bulgaria
- Croatia
- Cyprus
- Czechia (a.k.a. Czech Republic)
- Denmark
- Estonia
- Finland
- France
- Germany
- Greece
- Hungary
- Ireland
- Italy
- Latvia
- Lithuania
- Luxembourg
- Malta
- Netherlands
- Poland
- Portugal
- Romania
- Slovakia
- Slovenia
- Spain
- Sweden | brainstorming |
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What size of snowboard should I use? | The size of snowboard you should use is based on many different factors such as the skill of the rider, the weight and height of the rider, as well as the type of terrain you plan on riding. It is best to consult the manufacturer of the snowboard maker in order to make the best decision on the size of snowboard to use. | open_qa |
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What are the drawbacks of nuclear fusion? | List of Cons of Nuclear Fusion
1. It is extremely difficult to achieve.
In stars, strong gravitational forces and high temperatures naturally create a fusion environment. But here on Earth, we are facing the challenge to make nuclear fuel hot and confined enough to start a self-sustaining ignition.
Imagine trying to contain the plasma (a gaseous mixture of deuterium, tritium atoms and ions, and helium the fusion product) at 100 million degrees celsius. No material can withstand that temperature. So, scientists attempt to keep the plasma (being electrically charged and having a magnetic field of its own) suspended in a magnetic field produced by superconducting magnets around the fusion chamber/vessel. This is similar to how bullet trains float on their tracks at ridiculous speeds. This process is very difficult to achieve (as compared to nuclear FISSION).
2. It produces radioactive waste.
Though nuclear power plants only emit negligible amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, its nuclear fuel chain process does produce radioactive waste.
The radioactive waste produced with fusion is not the same as with fission, and the two are often confused. With a nuclear fission reactor, the radiation is alpha particles, beta particles, and gamma rays (which can penetrate your skin and break apart the bonds in your DNA structure, giving you all kinds of cancer). In contrast, in a nuclear fusion reactor, the vessel wall is the only part that will be bombarded by the high energy neutrons, and if, in the worst case, all the protective layers surrounding the main fusion vessel fail, the neutron radiation will stop as soon as fusion reaction stops. In a fission reactor, the cancer-causing radiation still exists even in the waste materials, which means that extreme measures are needed to burry the waste to keep it as far away as possible from humans. In the case of nuclear fusion, the activated materials (i.e., the metal vessels which have been bombarded by neutrons) can be stored safely for about 100 years, after which the radiation level becomes so low that they can be reused in the fusion reactor again. | open_qa |
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Give me a list of potential vegan dishes you could make for a Thanksgiving meal | Vegan mashed potatoes
Vegan macaroni and cheese
Tofurkey with vegan gravy
Vegan green bean casserole
Vegan candied yams
Vegan sweet potato pie
Vegan twice baked potatoes | brainstorming |
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What does AWS stand for? | AWS is an abbreviation for Amazon Web Services. AWS is a subsidiary of Amazon and delivers cloud computing services. | open_qa |
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Where is the Porce III Dam | The Porce III Dam is an embankment dam on the Porce River 90 kilometres (56 mi) northeast of Medellín in Antioquia Department, Colombia. The dam was constructed between 2004 and 2011 for the primary purpose of hydroelectric power generation.
Background
Between 1974 and 1976, hydrological studies were carried out on the Porce River and between 1982 and 1983, studies regarding the river's hydroelectric development were completed. The study recommended the five projects, Porce I, Porce II, Porce III, Porce IV and Ermitaño. In December 1984, the feasibility report for Porce III was submitted and complementary studies were carried out between 1986 and 1996. In 2002, the design and consultancy contracts were awarded along with the environmental license issued. In 2004, construction on the dam began and the river was diverted by 2007. By 2010, the dam began to impound the reservoir and was complete by 2010. Between 2011, all four generators were commissioned. | The Porce III Dam is an embankment dam on the Porce River 90 kilometres (56 mi) northeast of Medellín in Antioquia Department, Colombia. The dam was constructed between 2004 and 2011 for the primary purpose of hydroelectric power generation. | closed_qa |
Who won the 1986 Major League Baseball World Series and in how many games? | The 1986 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 1986 season. The 83rd edition of the World Series, it was a best-of-seven playoff played between the National League (NL) champion New York Mets and the American League (AL) champion Boston Red Sox. The Mets won the series four games to three to claim their second World Series title and first since 1969. The series is best remembered for its Game 6, which saw the Mets rally from a two run-deficit in the bottom of the 10th inning, despite having two outs and no one on base. The Red Sox, who held a 3–2 series lead, were twice one strike away from securing the championship, but failed to close out the inning as the Mets won off an error by Boston first baseman Bill Buckner. Due to the Mets claiming the series in Game 7, the Game 6 collapse entered baseball lore as part of the Curse of the Bambino superstition used to explain the Red Sox's championship drought after the 1918 World Series. | The New York Mets beat the Boston Red Sox, 4 games to 3, to win the World Series. The Red Sox were a strike away from winning the series in Game 6 but the Mets won the game due to an error from first baseman Bill Buckner. The Mets went on to easily win Game 7. This was used as another data point in the "Curse of the Bambino" superstition that started in 1918 when the Red Sox traded Babe Ruth to the New York Yankees and hadn't won a World Series since (up til that point in time). | summarization |
Classify the countries based on the continent they belong to - North America or South America with the former as 'north' and the latter as 'south'. United States, Mexico, Canada, Brazil, Columbia, Argentina, Cuba, Jamaica, Chile, Guyana, Peru. | 'north', 'north', 'north', 'south', 'south', 'south', 'north', 'north', 'south', 'south', 'south'. | classification |
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Is there an evolutionary root cause for self-deception? | Diverse evolutionary psychologists have conjectured about the potential advantages of self-deception in a social context, however some Terror Management theorists suggest that self-deception is actually at the core of what it means to be human. Hunter-gatherers may have used their increasing cognitive abilities to their own evolutionary benefit, but increased cognition necessarily brought along the awareness of death, which could become a major obstacle by making the dangers of day-to-day so explicit and linked to the possibility of death that would cause paralysis -thus it would not be evolutionary anymore. In conclusion, awareness of death could only have emerged in combination with self-deception, so that the terror of death would be managed and diminished. In other words, the theory dismisses the possibility of the advent of a breed of intelligent beings, unless those beings, no matter how clever they come to be, have as well the ability to conceal their own mortality. | general_qa |
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What is pink salt? | It’s important to distinguish between a typical consumer-grade Himalayan pink salt primarily used for finishing dishes just before serving, and a curing salt that is not meant for consumption but instead used for the process of curing meats and just happens to be pink. So, “pink salt” tends to be an overloaded term. | general_qa |
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How do you throw a cutter in baseball? | A cutter is a pitch in baseball with action and movement similar to a hybrid between a fastball and a slider. Perhaps the most famous cutter pitcher in baseball history, a closer from the New York Yankees named, Mariano Rivera, used the cutter exclusively all the way to the hall of fame. The cutter is thrown like a fastball, but with a "football" throwing arm action where the pitcher's palm faces their opposing arm as they release the pitch. Grips for the cutter can vary, however, the keys are to hold the middle of the baseball, cross the seems at an angle similar to a slider and be sure not to turn or twist on release. With this approach, the cutter is a pitch safe for youth baseball as young as age 9 and can be effective all the way to the World Series as demonstrated by Mariano Rivera. | open_qa |
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Classify each of the following as a ridesharing or food delivery company: Doordash, Lyft, Wolt, Deliveroo, Bolt, Didi, Rappi | Doordash: Food Delivery
Lyft: Ridesharing
Wolt: Food Delivery
Deliveroo: Food Delivery
Bolt: Ridesharing
Didi: Ridesharing
Rappi: Food Delivery | classification |
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Who wrote the most episodes of season four of Game of Thrones? | Co-writers David Benioff and D.B. Weiss wrote seven of the ten episodes of Game of Thrones's fourth season. | open_qa |
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Which of the following are perfect square roots? Classify them as 'perfect' and 'not perfect' - 1, 23, 4, 6, 9, 10, 42, 112, 81, 100, 55, 16, 32, 25. | 'perfect', 'not perfect', 'perfect', 'not perfect', 'perfect', 'not perfect', 'not perfect', 'not perfect', 'perfect', 'perfect', 'not perfect', 'perfect', 'not perfect', 'perfect'. | classification |
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What were the 2 horses represented in greek mythology? | The 2 horses represented in greek mythology were:
- Pegasus, a divine winged stallion that is pure white, son of Medusa and Poseidon, brother of Chrysaor, and father of winged horses.
- Ethiopian Pegasus, winged, horned horses native to Ethiopia. | brainstorming |
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What is a mammal? | A mammal is a warm blooded vertebrate animal that is distinguished by having mammary glands and hair. Typically mammals give birth to live babies that need the help of their parents to survive. Some fun facts include, 1) bats are the only flying mammals, and 2) blue whales, the largest animals on the planet, are also mammals. | general_qa |
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According to this reference text about UVA, what years have UVA women won NCAA titles in rowing? | In the 21st century alone, UVA teams have won seventeen NCAA championships. The men's teams have won recent NCAA titles in basketball (2019); lacrosse (2003, 2006, 2011, 2019, and 2021); baseball (2015); soccer (2009 and 2014); and tennis (2013, 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2022). UVA women have won recent NCAA titles in rowing (2010 and 2012) and swimming & diving (2021 and 2022). The Cavaliers rank first in the ACC (a power conference) with 22 men's NCAA Championships, and rank second in the conference with nine women's NCAA Championships. | UVA women won NCAA titles in rowing in 2010 and 2012. | closed_qa |
Which team drafted Marques Pope? | Marquez Phillips Pope (born October 29, 1970 in Nashville, Tennessee) is a former professional American football player who was drafted by the San Diego Chargers in the 2nd round (33rd overall) of the 1992 NFL Draft. A 5'11" cornerback-safety from Fresno State University, Pope played for 5 teams in 10 NFL seasons from 1992 to 2001. His best year as a pro came during the 1996 season for the San Francisco 49ers, intercepting 6 passes with 1 touchdown. During his pro career, Pope was known to be among the hardest hitters in the NFL. | The team that drafted Marquez Pope was the San Diego Chargers in the 1992 NFL Draft. | closed_qa |
What is heavier? A pound of feathers or a pound of iron? | A pound of feathers and a pound of iron both weigh the same. | open_qa |
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Why do people purchase ski passes? | People buy ski passes so that they have unlimited access to a mountain resort. If they visit the resort enough times in a season, they can save money by using a pass rather than buying individual tickets for each day. Also, using a pass makes it faster to enter the resort without having to stop at a ticket counter. | open_qa |
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Compare and contrast the strategy of Tesla to that of Nissan. Why has Tesla been successful in the electric vehicle market while Nissan has yet to? | Nissan introduced Leaf in 2011, 18 months before Tesla launched its first car, the Model S. Despite the head start, Nissan Leaf is discontinued as of 2023. Let’s explore why Nissan Leaf failed while Tesla succeeded.
While Nissan Leaf was innovative and introduced an alternative energy car, it was just a better car, but more is needed for consumers to adopt it. With the 9X effect, consumers were skeptical about its performance (range), unable to see the need for an electric car as they were satisfied with the reliable ICE (internal combustion engine) cars. Nissan Leaf is a good car on paper. However, consumers were unwilling to switch because of the status quo bias. Also, Nissan needed to build an ecosystem of products around electric vehicles, like charging stations. It relied on the traditional auto-sales process, which is already cumbersome, and consumers view it as a haggle.
On the other hand, Tesla came with 10X improvements overall in customer experience, drivability, charging stations, integrated hardware and software (over-the-wire updates), and direct to consumer sales model with zero advertising. Tesla broke the status quo bias of the consumers with the 9x effect. Telsa’s messaging is the key that stuck with the customers, planet-friendly cars. | creative_writing |
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what are the different types of music genres | The music genre is the categorisation of music. Some examples of music genres are - rock, pop, hip-hop, jazz etc. | open_qa |
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In which years did Ernie Wilson play his first and last grand finals? | Ernest George 'Ernie' Wilson (18 October 1900 – 7 June 1982) was an Australian rules footballer who played for Collingwood in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
Wilson featured in the Collingwood side during a strong era, playing in no less than six Grand Finals. He was on a half forward flank in their 1919 premiership but was used mostly as a defender. His other Grand Final appearances came in 1920, 1922, 1925 and 1926 while he was a half back flanker in the Collingwood premiership team of 1927. He could have added another in 1928, but lost his place in the side after the drawn semi final against Melbourne which would be his last game. In 1929 he played with Northcote in the VFA. He was reported in the last few minutes of the Grand Final which Northcote won by 5 points. He received a 12-month suspension for the offense and returned to Collingwood in 1930 where he captain coached the reserve team until the end of the 1933 season. He also represented Victoria at interstate football, a total of nine times, including in the 1924 Hobart Carnival. He remains the only player to have represented Victoria whilst under suspension from the VFL. | He played his first grand final in 1919, and his last in 1927. | information_extraction |
The Weeknd samples which '80s megahit in "Blinding Lights?" | "Take On Me" by A-ha | open_qa |
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What is a baseball hat? | A baseball hat is a fabric hat with a bill on the front that shades the eyes from the sun. It is referred to as a baseball hat because all baseball players wear this style of hat while in the field playing defense, and they have their team’s logo on the front of the hat. Many people, however, refer to a hat as a baseball hat if it is a fabric material with a front bill, even if it does not have the logo of a baseball team on the front. | open_qa |
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Select the odd word from this list and explain why:
Chair
Sofa
Table
Dinosaur
Cupboard | Dinosaur is the odd word in this list. All of the other words are items of furniture, but dinosaurs are large extinct reptiles, not items of furniture. | classification |
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Name 5 different vegetables. List them with dashes | - Carrot
- Kale
- Broccoli
- Cabbage
- Potato | general_qa |
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Based on the following passage regarding the economy of Sweden, what is the economic sector that accounts for the largest output? | Sweden is an export-oriented mixed economy featuring a modern distribution system, excellent internal and external communications, and a skilled labor force. Timber, hydropower and iron ore constitute the resource base of an economy heavily oriented toward foreign trade. Sweden's engineering sector accounts for 50% of output and exports. Telecommunications, the automotive industry and the pharmaceutical industries are also of great importance. Agriculture accounts for 2 percent of GDP and employment. The armaments industry has a technologically highly advanced reputation. | According to this passage, the engineering sector accounts for the largest output, generating 50% of output and exports. | information_extraction |
Given the text about the 2019 Masters Tournament, tell me who won the golf tournament, where the tournament was held and what age the winner was? | The 2019 Masters Tournament was the 83rd edition of the Masters Tournament and the first of golf's four major championships in 2019, held between April 11 and 14 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, Georgia.
Tiger Woods won his fifth Green Jacket, and fifteenth major, by one stroke ahead of three runners-up. It left him one shy of Jack Nicklaus's record six Masters wins, and three short of his record eighteen major wins. At age 43, he became the eleventh oldest player to win a major, and the second oldest Masters winner, again only bettered by Nicklaus who won at age 46. It was 11 years after his last major win, the 2008 U.S. Open, and 14 years since his last Masters win beating the previous record of 13 years held by Gary Player. Due to the high profile of Woods, and his storied fall from the top of the game due to personal issues and injuries, the victory generated a large amount of publicity around the world, and is regarded as one of the great sporting comebacks. | Tiger Woods won the golf tournament at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta, GA and was 43 years old. | closed_qa |
Give me a bulleted list of the 5 oldest countries in the world: | Here are the 5 oldest countries in the world:
- Egypt
- Greece
- Hungary
- France
- Japan | brainstorming |
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What are some vacation ideas this summer? | Summer is a great time to go on vacation especially to enjoy the outdoor. Most commonly visited places during summer are beaches for some water fun, mountains if looking for a calm retreat, a nice lake with recreation options or even a amusement parks since it's holiday time for kids. | general_qa |
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Who wrote the music and lyrics for Replay? | "Tomorrow" is a show tune from the musical Annie, with music by Charles Strouse and lyrics by Martin Charnin, published in 1977. The number was originally written as "Replay" (The Way We Live Now) for the 1970 short film Replay, with both music and lyrics by Strouse.
In 1972 Strouse, and Thomas Meehan began working on a musical based on the Little Orphan Annie comic strips, Annie. Strouse contributed a reworked version of "Replay" as "Tomorrow". "Annie" took until 1976 to reach Broadway and during that time Strouse reworked "Replay" again for possible use in what became "Charlie and Algernon", a musical version of Daniel Keyes's Flowers for Algernon with book by playwright David Rogers although it was not ultimately used. " | Charles Strouse | closed_qa |
What's the most important thing in a marriage? | There're many important things in a marriage and it's hard to say what is the most important. For example, expectation management is very important. Most disappointments or arguments in a marriage come from when your partner fails to meet our expectations. It's important to communicate your expectations of each other regularly. It's also important to remember that what work for other couples or whatever the social norms are may not apply for you, and that is ok. | general_qa |
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Explain Business Intelligence | Business intelligence (BI) comprises of the strategies and technologies used by enterprises for the analysis of data and the management of business information. Business Intelligence software is responsible for ingesting business data and presenting it in user-friendly formats such as reports, dashboards, charts and graphs. | general_qa |
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What is Sinking Sand? | Quicksand, also known as sinking sand, is a colloid consisting of fine granular material (such as sand, silt or clay) and water. It forms in saturated loose sand when the sand is suddenly agitated. When water in the sand cannot escape, it creates a liquefied soil that loses strength and cannot support weight. Quicksand can form in standing water or in upward flowing water (as from an artesian spring). In the case of upward flowing water, forces oppose the force of gravity and suspend the soil particles. | Sinking Sand is most commonly known as Quicksand. | closed_qa |
How do I train for a marathon? | To train for a marathon, start training 16 to 20 weeks before the day of the race. Your weekly milage should already be about 30 miles per week, with a strong 10 miler long run each week. Gradually build your mileage each week by 10% to 20%. You can also train based on time on your feet, rather than mileage. Your diet may need to be adjusted depending on the number of days/week you are training and your basal metabolic rate. Avoid injury by stretching daily and cross-training at least once a week. Run at least three 18-20 milers within the last 6 weeks of your training. Two weeks before the race, taper your runs to be shorter, with your last 2 long runs being about 15-17 miles and 10-12 miles. | general_qa |
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What book was the musical Hamilton based on? | Hamilton is a sung-and-rapped-through musical with music, lyrics, and a book by Lin-Manuel Miranda, based on the 2004 book Alexander Hamilton by Ron Chernow. The musical tells the story of American Founding Father Alexander Hamilton. Composed over a seven-year period from 2008 to 2015, Miranda says Hamilton was originally a hip hop concept album in his head. The show draws heavily from hip hop, as well as R&B, pop, soul, and traditional-style show tunes. It casts non-white actors as the Founding Fathers of the United States and other historical figures. Miranda described Hamilton as about "America then, as told by America now." | Hamilton, the musical was based on the 2004 book Alexander Hamilton by Ron Chernow. | closed_qa |
What is the difference between Hunter, Jumper, and Equitation horseback riding? | The biggest difference between Hunter, Jumper, and Equitation horseback riding is the way they are judged. Hunters are scored by the way the horse looks, Jumpers are scored on time and the number of faults over jumps, and Equitation is scored on the performance and style of the rider. | general_qa |
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When he lived in the mountains of Alaska, was Richard Proenneke in full autonomy? | Richard Louis Proenneke (/ˈprɛnəkiː/; May 4, 1916 – April 20, 2003) was an American self-educated naturalist, conservationist, writer, and wildlife photographer who, from the age of about 51, lived alone for nearly thirty years (1968–1998) in the mountains of Alaska in a log cabin that he constructed by hand near the shore of Twin Lakes. Proenneke hunted, fished, raised and gathered much of his own food, and also had supplies flown in occasionally. He documented his activities in journals and on film, and also recorded valuable meteorological and natural data. The journals and film were later used by others to write books and produce documentaries about his time in the wilderness. | No, he was getting some of his food by plane. | closed_qa |
What is the total when you sum 33,456 and 55,789? | 442356 | closed_qa |
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Which characters belong to DC or Marvel Universe? Norman Osborne, Joker | Joker is DC, Norman Osborne is Marvel | classification |
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Is social media good for you ? | There are conflicting views on the impact of social media. On the positive end, social media has enabled stronger connections between humans, democratized media creation and access and become a source of entertainment for millions around the world. On the negative end, it has fostered division between people with differing opinions, used as a means to spread misinformation, contributed to self-esteem issues stemming from mischaracterization of life and contributed towards productivity loss.
In summary, it is safe to conclude that the benefits of social media outdo its negative impact. | creative_writing |
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Write a poem about choosing a sport | what sport should I play?
I would have to do it every day
I should swim
it would make me slim
In soccer I can kick the ball
But I always fall
In the summer I can surf
although Its very different from turf
Softball is out of the question
I would rather do dissection
I don't know what to choose
I will probably always lose
I can choose what to play
another day | creative_writing |
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Tell me whether these are cats or dogs: French Bulldogs, Ragdoll, British Shorthair, Labrador, Retrievers, Golden Retrievers, German Shepherds, Maine Coon, Poodles, Bulldogs, Persian, Rottweilers, Devon Rex, Beagles. | French Bulldogs are a type of dog.
Ragdoll is a type of cat.
British Shorthair is a type of cat.
Labrador Retrievers are a type of dog.
Golden Retrievers are a type of dog.
German Shepherds are a type of dog.
Maine Coon is a type of cat.
Poodles are a type of dog.
Bulldogs are a type of dog.
Persian is a type of cat.
Rottweilers are a type of dog.
Devon Rex is a type of cat.
Beagles are a type of dog. | classification |
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What is mitosis | A type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the "parent" chromosome. | creative_writing |
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Find the price of Osborne 1 from this passage. | The Osborne effect is a social phenomenon of customers canceling or deferring orders for the current, soon-to-be-obsolete product as an unexpected drawback of a company's announcing a future product prematurely. It is an example of cannibalization.
The term alludes to the Osborne Computer Corporation, whose second product did not become available until more than a year after it was announced. The company's subsequent bankruptcy was widely blamed on reduced sales after the announcement.
The Osborne Effect states that prematurely discussing future, unavailable products damages sales of existing products. The name comes from the planned replacement of the Osborne 1, an early personal computer first sold by the Osborne Computer Corporation in 1981. In 1983, founder Adam Osborne pre-announced several next-generation computer models (the Osborne Executive and Osborne Vixen), which were only prototypes, highlighting the fact that they would outperform the existing model as the prototypes dramatically cut down assembly time. A widely held belief was that sales of the Osborne 1 fell sharply as customers anticipated those more advanced systems, leading to a sales decline from which Osborne Computer was unable to recover. This belief appeared in the media almost immediately after the company's September 1983 bankruptcy:
To give the jazzy $2,495 Osborne Executive a running start, Adam began orchestrating publicity early in 1983. We, along with many other magazines, were shown the machine in locked hotel rooms. We were required not to have anything in print about it until the planned release date in mid-April. As far as we know, nothing did appear in print, but dealers heard about the plans and cancelled orders for the Osborne 1 in droves. In early April, Osborne told dealers he would be showing them the machine on a one-week tour the week of 17 April, and emphasized that the new machine was not a competitor for the Osborne 1. But dealers didn't react the way Osborne expected; said Osborne, "All of them just cancelled their orders for the Osborne 1."
Osborne reacted by drastically cutting prices on the Osborne 1 in an effort to stimulate cash flow. But nothing seemed to work, and for several months sales were practically non-existent.
Pre-announcement is done for several reasons: to reassure current customers that there is improvement or lower cost coming, to increase the interest of the media and investors in the company's future prospects, and to intimidate or confuse competitors. When done correctly, the sales or cash flow impact to the company is minimal, with the revenue drop for the current product being offset by orders or completed sales of the new product as it becomes available. However, when the Osborne effect occurs, the quantity of unsold goods increases and the company must react by discounting and/or lowering production of the current product, both of which depress cash flow. | The price of Osborne 1 is not mentioned in the passage. However, the price of its successor model Osborne Executive was $2,495. | information_extraction |
Best place to visit for a day from Bangalore | 1. Myshore
2. Coorg
3. Ooty | brainstorming |
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Which US state is best for observing the aurora borealis phenomenon? | Alaska is the best US state to see the Northern Lights as it is situated the furthest to the North Pole. | open_qa |
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What are some quick vegan meals to make? | Peanut butter and jelly sandwich, rice and beans, smashed chickpea avocado sandwich, hummus wrap with veggies, pasta salad, spaghetti, burrito bowl, salad, curry, roasted veggies and tofu | brainstorming |
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Where is the Lighthouse Point, Bahamas | Lighthouse Point, Bahamas, or simply Lighthouse Point, is a private peninsula in The Bahamas which serves as an exclusive port for the Disney Cruise Line ships. It is located in the south-eastern region of Bannerman Town, Eleuthera. In March 2019, The Walt Disney Company purchased the peninsula from the Bahamian government, giving the company control over the area. | The Lighthouse Point, Bahamas, or simply Lighthouse Point, is a private peninsula in the Bahamas which serves as an exclusive port for the Disney Cruise Line ships. It is located in the south-eastern region of Bannerman Town, Eleuthera. | summarization |
Given this paragraph about the history of the Calgary Flames hockey team, what year did the Calgary Flames win their only Stanley Cup | The team was founded in 1972 in Atlanta as the Atlanta Flames before relocating to Calgary in 1980. The Flames played their first three seasons in Calgary at the Stampede Corral before moving into the Scotiabank Saddledome (originally the Olympic Saddledome) in 1983. In 1985–86, the Flames became the first Calgary team since the 1923–24 Tigers to compete for the Stanley Cup. In 1988–89, the Flames won their first and only Stanley Cup title. The Flames' unexpected run to the 2004 Stanley Cup Finals gave rise to the Red Mile, and in 2011, the team hosted and won the second Heritage Classic outdoor game. | The Calgary Flames won their only Stanley Cup in 1989 | closed_qa |
Which notable person in this list with surname Liebers was born last? | Liebers is a German language surname. Notable people with the name include:
Mario Liebers (born 1960), German former competitive figure skater
Martin Liebers (born 1985), German former competitive figure skater
Matthias Liebers (born 1958), former German footballer
Peter Liebers (born 1988), German former figure skater. | Peter Liebers | information_extraction |
Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Agiarut, Agung | Agung is percussion, Agiarut is string. | classification |
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What is non dual philosophy? | The word non dual refers to things or experiences that happen to us which has the characteristics of uniformity. As an example in daily life we see or experience highs and lows, haves and have nots that result in emotions or feelings of happiness or sadness. The concept of non duality is to go deep within and understand that everything is temporary, and experience things before human thought labels each experience as good or bad. | general_qa |
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Based on the information below, when might people have started baking bread? | Agriculture encompasses crop and livestock production, aquaculture, fisheries and forestry for food and non-food products. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that enabled people to live in cities. While humans started gathering grains at least 105,000 years ago, nascent farmers only began planting them around 11,500 years ago. Sheep, goats, pigs and cattle were domesticated around 10,000 years ago. Plants were independently cultivated in at least 11 regions of the world. In the twentieth century, industrial agriculture based on large-scale monocultures came to dominate agricultural output. | Bread typically requires grains as an ingredient, so it’s feasible that humans could make bread when they started gathering grains 105,000 years ago. However, it may be more likely that they began baking bread around the time they began intentionally planting grains 11,500 years ago. | information_extraction |
Can you tell me what of these are capital cities of their respective countries? Manchester, Madrid, Paris, Milan, London and Munich | A capital city is the city where the government of the country resides. From the previous lists only Madrid, Paris and London are capital cities. Manchester, Milan and Munich are large and important cities in Europe but they are not their country's capital. Some cities like Milan might be consider their country's economic capital as they are the main economic hub of Italy but they are still not their capital city which is Rome. | classification |
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Given these paragraphs about Large language models, how many words did the BookCorpus have when it was used to train the first model in OpenAI's GPT series trained in 2018? | A large language model (LLM) is a language model consisting of a neural network with many parameters (typically billions of weights or more), trained on large quantities of unlabelled text using self-supervised learning. LLMs emerged around 2018 and perform well at a wide variety of tasks. This has shifted the focus of natural language processing research away from the previous paradigm of training specialized supervised models for specific tasks.
Properties
Though the term large language model has no formal definition, it often refers to deep learning models having a parameter count on the order of billions or more. LLMs are general purpose models which excel at a wide range of tasks, as opposed to being trained for one specific task (such as sentiment analysis, named entity recognition, or mathematical reasoning). The skill with which they accomplish tasks, and the range of tasks at which they are capable, seems to be a function of the amount of resources (data, parameter-size, computing power) devoted to them, in a way that is not dependent on additional breakthroughs in design.
Though trained on simple tasks along the lines of predicting the next word in a sentence, neural language models with sufficient training and parameter counts are found to capture much of the syntax and semantics of human language. In addition, large language models demonstrate considerable general knowledge about the world, and are able to "memorize" a great quantity of facts during training.
Hallucinations
Main article: Hallucination (artificial intelligence)
In artificial intelligence in general, and in large language models in particular, a "hallucination" is a confident response that does not seem to be justified by the model's training data.
Emergent abilities
On a number of natural language benchmarks involving tasks such as question answering, models perform no better than random chance until they reach a certain scale (in this case, measured by training computation), at which point their performance sharply increases. These are examples of emergent abilities.
Unpredictable abilities that have been observed in large language models but that were not present in simpler models (and that were not explicitly designed into the model) are usually called "emergent abilities". Researchers note that such abilities "cannot be predicted simply by extrapolating the performance of smaller models". These abilities are discovered rather than programmed-in or designed, in some cases only after the LLM has been publicly deployed. Hundreds of emergent abilities have been described. Examples include multi-step arithmetic, taking college-level exams, identifying the intended meaning of a word, chain-of-thought prompting, decoding the International Phonetic Alphabet, unscrambling a word’s letters, identifying offensive content in paragraphs of Hinglish (a combination of Hindi and English), and generating a similar English equivalent of Kiswahili proverbs.
Architecture and training
Large language models have most commonly used the transformer architecture, which, since 2018, has become the standard deep learning technique for sequential data (previously, recurrent architectures such as the LSTM were most common). LLMs are trained in an unsupervised manner on unannotated text. A left-to-right transformer is trained to maximize the probability assigned to the next word in the training data, given the previous context. Alternatively, an LLM may use a bidirectional transformer (as in the example of BERT), which assigns a probability distribution over words given access to both preceding and following context. In addition to the task of predicting the next word or "filling in the blanks", LLMs may be trained on auxiliary tasks which test their understanding of the data distribution such as Next Sentence Prediction (NSP), in which pairs of sentences are presented and the model must predict whether they appear side-by-side in the training corpus.
The earliest LLMs were trained on corpora having on the order of billions of words. The first model in OpenAI's GPT series was trained in 2018 on BookCorpus, consisting of 985 million words. In the same year, BERT was trained on a combination of BookCorpus and English Wikipedia, totalling 3.3 billion words. In the years since then, training corpora for LLMs have increased by orders of magnitude, reaching up to hundreds of billions or trillions of tokens.
LLMs are computationally expensive to train. A 2020 study estimated the cost of training a 1.5 billion parameter model (1-2 orders of magnitude smaller than the state of the art at the time) at $1.6 million.
A 2020 analysis found that neural language models' capability (as measured by training loss) increased smoothly in a power law relationship with number of parameters, quantity of training data, and computation used for training. These relationships were tested over a wide range of values (up to seven orders of magnitude) and no attenuation of the relationship was observed at the highest end of the range (including for network sizes up to trillions of parameters).
Application to downstream tasks
Between 2018 and 2020, the standard method for harnessing an LLM for a specific natural language processing (NLP) task was to fine tune the model with additional task-specific training. It has subsequently been found that more powerful LLMs such as GPT-3 can solve tasks without additional training via "prompting" techniques, in which the problem to be solved is presented to the model as a text prompt, possibly with some textual examples of similar problems and their solutions.
Fine-tuning
Main article: Fine-tuning (machine learning)
Fine-tuning is the practice of modifying an existing pretrained language model by training it (in a supervised fashion) on a specific task (e.g. sentiment analysis, named entity recognition, or part-of-speech tagging). It is a form of transfer learning. It generally involves the introduction of a new set of weights connecting the final layer of the language model to the output of the downstream task. The original weights of the language model may be "frozen", such that only the new layer of weights connecting them to the output are learned during training. Alternatively, the original weights may receive small updates (possibly with earlier layers frozen).
Prompting
See also: Prompt engineering and Few-shot learning (natural language processing)
In the prompting paradigm, popularized by GPT-3, the problem to be solved is formulated via a text prompt, which the model must solve by providing a completion (via inference). In "few-shot prompting", the prompt includes a small number of examples of similar (problem, solution) pairs. For example, a sentiment analysis task of labelling the sentiment of a movie review could be prompted as follows:
Review: This movie stinks.
Sentiment: negative
Review: This movie is fantastic!
Sentiment:
If the model outputs "positive", then it has correctly solved the task. In zero-shot prompting, no solve examples are provided. An example of a zero-shot prompt for the same sentiment analysis task would be "The sentiment associated with the movie review 'This movie is fantastic!' is".
Few-shot performance of LLMs has been shown to achieve competitive results on NLP tasks, sometimes surpassing prior state-of-the-art fine-tuning approaches. Examples of such NLP tasks are translation, question answering, cloze tasks, unscrambling words, and using a novel word in a sentence. The creation and optimisation of such prompts is called prompt engineering.
Instruction tuning
Instruction tuning is a form of fine-tuning designed to facilitate more natural and accurate zero-shot prompting interactions. Given a text input, a pretrained language model will generate a completion which matches the distribution of text on which it was trained. A naive language model given the prompt "Write an essay about the main themes of Hamlet." might provide a completion such as "A late penalty of 10% per day will be applied to submissions received after March 17." In instruction tuning, the language model is trained on many examples of tasks formulated as natural language instructions, along with appropriate responses. Various techniques for instruction tuning have been applied in practice. OpenAI's InstructGPT protocol involves supervised fine-tuning on a dataset of human-generated (prompt, response) pairs, followed by reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), in which a reward function was learned based on a dataset of human preferences. Another technique, "self-instruct", fine-tunes the language model on a training set of examples which are themselves generated by an LLM (bootstrapped from a small initial set of human-generated examples).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large_language_model | 985 million words. | closed_qa |
Why Miami is so humid? | It is so humid because it is part of a sub-tropical region of the Americas. Composed of two seasons, a dry and a wet season. Temperatures are stable all year round. | general_qa |
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When did Florida become a state? | Florida became a state on March 3, 1845. | open_qa |
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Tell me which one does not fit with the group: Football, Volleyball, Cricket, Chess, Hockey | All except Chess are outdoor games. | classification |
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Who are some famous classical composers? | Some well known classical composers are Mozart, Bach and Beethoven | open_qa |
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How many planets make up the Solar System? | There are 8 planets in the solar system. Mercury is the smallest and closest to the Sun. Venus is the second closest to the Sun. Earth, our home planet, is the third planet closest to the Sun followed by Mars. After the asteroid belt is Jupiter, the fifth and biggest planet in the Solar System. Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are the last planets in the Solar System.
Originally the Solar System was said to have 9 planets until 2006 when the term "planet" was redefined to exclude "dwarf planets". This results in the exclusion of the ninth and farthest away planet, Pluto, reducing the count of planets in the Solar System to current count of 8. | general_qa |
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Is wolf a domestic or a wild animal? | Generally speaking, wolves are regarded as wild animals. While there are cases where wolves have been domesticated, they're not the same as dogs as pets. | classification |
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What is the best data warehouse | The lakehouse | general_qa |
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Which of the following are currently considered gender neutral names: Jaime, River, Mary, Charlie, Jessie, Rene, John, Maggie, Liam | Jaime, River, Charlie, Rene | classification |
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What was the Great Depression? | The Great Depression (1929–1939) was an economic shock that impacted most countries across the world. It was a period of economic depression that became evident after a major fall in stock prices in the United States. The economic contagion began around September and led to the Wall Street stock market crash of October 24 (Black Thursday). It was the longest, deepest, and most widespread depression of the 20th century.
Between 1929 and 1932, worldwide gross domestic product (GDP) fell by an estimated 15%. By comparison, worldwide GDP fell by less than 1% from 2008 to 2009 during the Great Recession. Some economies started to recover by the mid-1930s. However, in many countries, the negative effects of the Great Depression lasted until the beginning of World War II. Devastating effects were seen in both rich and poor countries with falling personal income, prices, tax revenues, and profits. International trade fell by more than 50%, unemployment in the U.S. rose to 23% and in some countries rose as high as 33%. | open_qa |
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Tell me whether these are flowers or fruit: apples, oranges, pineapples, bananas, strawberries, daisies, sunflowers, roses, poppies | Apples are a fruit.
Oranges are a fruit.
Pineapples are a fruit.
Bananas are a fruit.
Strawberries are a fruit.
Daisies are a flower.
Sunflowers are a flower.
Roses are a flower.
Poppies are a flower. | classification |
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What is Project Mosaic? | Mosaic is an extension to the Apache Spark framework that allows easy and fast processing of very large geospatial datasets.
Mosaic provides:
-easy conversion between common spatial data encodings (WKT, WKB and GeoJSON);
-constructors to easily generate new geometries from Spark native data types;
-many of the OGC SQL standard ST_ functions implemented as Spark Expressions for transforming, aggregating and joining spatial datasets;
-high performance through implementation of Spark code generation within the core Mosaic functions;
-optimisations for performing point-in-polygon joins using an approach we co-developed with Ordnance Survey (blog post); and
-the choice of a Scala, SQL and Python API. | open_qa |
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Let's play a game of tic tac toe. I'll be X and you be O. Unplayed squares will be "_". I'll get first.
_ _ _
_ O _
_ _ _ | Fun! Here's my next move:
_ _ _
_ O X
_ _ _ | general_qa |
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What is a forest? | A forest is a geographical region where trees predominate. | open_qa |
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What type of poetry is Sappho best known for? | Sappho is an ancient Greek poet best known for her lyric poetry. | open_qa |
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What is the meaning of Life, The Universe, and Everything? | This topic has been discussed in debt by Theologians, philosophers, and scientists throughout the course of human history. While most observations about the universe leave the question unanswered the broad strokes are as follows.
Theologians state in many religions that there is an organizing force known as God providing direction to the universe. Humans that best align with this organizing force or God are guaranteed good fortune in this life or after. There are variations in humans level of involvement in this process with Christianity requiring a savior (Jesus) for people to enter the afterlife vs achieving a higher state of consciousness in this life or through reincarnation.
Philosophers differ on the meaning of life with predominate views following down the lines of seeking your own fulfillment or the fulfillment of others. Seeking your own fulfillment has been a major component of capitalism, self-preservation, and risk taking that lead to new discoveries in Science and Technology. Seeking the fulfillment of others has lead to great advancements in philanthropy, equality, and the general well being of society. This "social compact" insures stability and provides an expectation that harmful activities like Murder, Robbery, etc are discouraged and punished.
Scientists view this question through the lens of the observable universe. As such efforts have been made to create a "unifying theory of everything" to show some understandable order to the universe. Others have focused their study on the improbability of how humans could have been created in a universe with seemingly random and infinite chance. Some scientists have conceded that the question is something Science is ill-fitted to answer.
Most importantly Douglas Adams, a prominent British author specializing in absurdity, answered the question in the book "The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy" with the answer "42." | general_qa |
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What s epigenomics? | Epigenomics is the study of the complete set of epigenetic modifications on the genetic material of a cell, known as the epigenome. The field is analogous to genomics and proteomics, which are the study of the genome and proteome of a cell. Epigenetic modifications are reversible modifications on a cell's DNA or histones that affect gene expression without altering the DNA sequence. Epigenomic maintenance is a continuous process and plays an important role in stability of eukaryotic genomes by taking part in crucial biological mechanisms like DNA repair. Plant flavones are said to be inhibiting epigenomic marks that cause cancers. Two of the most characterized epigenetic modifications are DNA methylation and histone modification. Epigenetic modifications play an important role in gene expression and regulation, and are involved in numerous cellular processes such as in differentiation/development and tumorigenesis. The study of epigenetics on a global level has been made possible only recently through the adaptation of genomic high-throughput assays. | open_qa |
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Which is a species of fish? Boga or Bogata | Boga | classification |
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What is the best season to ski? | In northsphere, the best season to ski is in February.
Individual ski experiences are related to snow quality, wind factor, avalanche danger, terrain, and visibility. The snow quality differs a lot from different seasons. Deep and dry snow are good for ski experience instead of icy or wet snow.
February is considered the best season because the temperature is still low, and the snow has accumulated with enough depth. | general_qa |
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Given this paragraph about Kevum, explain when it is typically consumed? | Kevum or Kavum is a deep-fried Sri Lankan sweet made from rice flour and kithul (sugar-palm) treacle, with a number of variants adding additional ingredients. It is also known as oil cake. Kevum is traditionally given and consumed during celebrations of Sinhala and Tamil New Year. | It's consumed usually for Sinahala and Tamil celebrations. Particularly, the New Year. | closed_qa |
What is a synapse notebook? | A synapse notebook is a technology built by Microsoft that takes advantage of spark pools. This is an environment that Data Scientists, Machine Learning Engineers, and Data Engineers can work in to build models, data engineering workflows, and neural networks to name a few. It is very similar to Jupyter notebook style. These notebooks environments enable code to be written in a modular format in different cells which can be executed independently of one another. | open_qa |
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List the basis of contemporary national legal systems from the passage. Display the results in comma separated format. | The contemporary national legal systems are generally based on one of four basic systems: civil law, common law, statutory law, religious law or combinations of these. However, the legal system of each country is shaped by its unique history and so incorporates individual variations. The science that studies law at the level of legal systems is called comparative law.
Both civil (also known as Roman) and common law systems can be considered the most widespread in the world: civil law because it is the most widespread by landmass and by population overall, and common law because it is employed by the greatest number of people compared to any single civil law system. | civil law, common law, statutory law, religious law, comparative law | information_extraction |
Is Ted Yoho republican or democrat | Theodore Scott Yoho (/ˈjoʊhoʊ/ YOH-hoh; born April 13, 1955) is an American politician, veterinarian, and businessman who served as the U.S. representative from Florida's 3rd congressional district from 2013 until 2021. He is a member of the Republican Party.
In the 2012 Republican primary election for the district, Yoho pulled a major upset against long-term incumbent Congressman Cliff Stearns, who had first been elected in 1988. Prior to being elected to Congress, Yoho had been a veterinarian and small business owner in North Central Florida for 30 years.
In December 2019, Yoho announced that, honoring his term-limit pledge, he would not run for re-election to Congress in 2020. | Theodore Scott Yoho is an American politician, veterinarian, and businessman who served as the U.S. representative from Florida's 3rd congressional district from 2013 until 2021. He is a member of the Republican Party.
In the 2012 Republican primary election for the district, Yoho pulled a major upset against long-term incumbent Congressman Cliff Stearns, who had first been elected in 1988. Prior to being elected to Congress, Yoho had been a veterinarian and small business owner in North Central Florida for 30 years.
In December 2019, Yoho announced that, honoring his term-limit pledge, he would not run for re-election to Congress in 2020. | summarization |
You have to Classify each of the following as either a gluten product or a gluten free product and display it according to their categories: sourdough bread, zucchini, barbecue sauce, hummus, amaranth, commercial chocolate milk | Gluten is a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. Some people have a gluten intolerance or celiac disease, which means they must avoid gluten in their diet to prevent uncomfortable or harmful symptoms. Gluten-free products are made without these grains and can be a safe alternative for those with gluten intolerance or celiac disease. However, for those without a gluten intolerance or celiac disease, a gluten-free diet may not provide any additional health benefits.
Here are the those products which are classified as gluten products from the provided list:
1. sourdough bread
2. barbecue sauce
3. commercial chocolate milk
Here are the those products which are classified as gluten free products from the list provided:
1. zucchini
2. hummus
3. amaranth | classification |
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What's the world looks like in 1000 years? | I don't know the exact answer but one thing I do know is that human beings was extinct on the earth. Enjoy :) | brainstorming |
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Using the text provided, give me the type of engineers that are involved in fabrication of a solar power plant | Solar power plants derive their energy from sunlight, which is made accessible via photovoltaics (PV's). Photovoltaic panels, or solar panels, are constructed using photovoltaic cells which are made of silica materials that release electrons when they are warmed by the thermal energy of the sun. The new flow of electrons generates electricity within the cell. While PV's are an efficient method of producing electricity, they do burn out after a decade and thus, must be replaced; however, their efficiency, cost of operation, and lack of noise/physical pollutants make them one of the cleanest and least expensive forms of energy. Solar power plants require the work of many facets of engineering; electrical engineers are especially crucial in constructing the solar panels and connecting them into a grid, and computer engineers code the cells themselves so that electricity can be effectively and efficiently produced, and civil engineers play the very important role of identifying areas where solar plants are able to collect the most energy. | Although solar power plants require the work of many aspects of engineering, the three main types of engineers involved in fabrication of solar power plants are:
1. Electrical engineers who build solar panels and link them to the electrical grid
2. Computer engineers who program the cells themselves so that power can be produced effectively and efficiently
3. Civil engineer who play a critical role in determining sites where the solar plants can capture the most energy. | summarization |
What is pleitropy? | Pleiotropy occurs when one gene influences two or more seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. Such a gene that exhibits multiple phenotypic expression is called a pleiotropic gene. Mutation in a pleiotropic gene may have an effect on several traits simultaneously, due to the gene coding for a product used by a myriad of cells or different targets that have the same signaling function.
Pleiotropy can arise from several distinct but potentially overlapping mechanisms, such as gene pleiotropy, developmental pleiotropy, and selectional pleiotropy. Gene pleiotropy occurs when a gene product interacts with multiple other proteins or catalyzes multiple reactions. Developmental pleiotropy occurs when mutations have multiple effects on the resulting phenotype. Selectional pleiotropy occurs when the resulting phenotype has many effects on fitness (depending on factors such as age and gender).
An example of pleiotropy is phenylketonuria, an inherited disorder that affects the level of phenylalanine, an amino acid that can be obtained from food, in the human body. Phenylketonuria causes this amino acid to increase in amount in the body, which can be very dangerous. The disease is caused by a defect in a single gene on chromosome 12 that codes for enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase, that affects multiple systems, such as the nervous and integumentary system.
Pleiotropic gene action can limit the rate of multivariate evolution when natural selection, sexual selection or artificial selection on one trait favors one allele, while selection on other traits favors a different allele. Some gene evolution is harmful to an organism. Genetic correlations and responses to selection most often exemplify pleiotropy. | open_qa |
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What are the two different continental tournaments that Roger Lemerre won ? | In September 2002, the Tunisian Football Federation announced that it was finalizing a contract with former France manager Roger Lemerre. Tunisia hosted the 2004 African Cup of Nations, winning the group. They defeated Senegal in the quarter-finals, and Nigeria in the semi-finals. Tunisia built a 1–0 lead after four minutes with Mehdi Nafti's concentration pushed by Francileudo Santos, before Morocco levelled. Tunisia restored their lead, giving them their first African Cup of Nations title. They also won the CAF's African National Team of the Year award. Lemerre became the first manager to win two different continental tournaments, having previously won Euro 2000 with France.
As a result, Tunisia qualified for the 2005 FIFA Confederations Cup in Germany, playing the hosts, Argentina and Australia. The only points they would win was a victory over Australia. Before their 2006 World Cup appearance, Lemerre took the Tunisians to a training camp in Switzerland, where they played international friendlies against Swiss clubs. Tunisia would only record one draw in Germany, against Saudi Arabia, losing against Spain and Ukraine | Roger Lemerre won the Euro 2000 with France and the African Cup of Nations 2004 with Tunisia | closed_qa |
What is a NBA super team? | NBA superteam is a term coined in the past decade that involves various all stars deciding to team up to play for a particular organization. The super team only works if the organization has enough money to pay everyone - so often super stars will take a pay cut to play with fellow super stars. Some recent super teams, regardless of success, include Nets (Harden, Durant, Kyrie, even Simmons), Warriors (Durant, Curry, Green, Thompson), Heat (Bosh, Wade, Lebron). | open_qa |
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Why do people like California? | California is popular for its moderate climate and diverse nature, ranging from. mountainous terrain to sandy beaches and everything in between. | general_qa |
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Anderson Peters (gold winner) hits the 90 metre mark with a throw of | 90.31m | open_qa |
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Can you find the sum of 33,456 and 55,789? | 442356 | closed_qa |
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What is the best part of living in the Midwest? | Midwest is often overlooked as the flyover states, but in fact the quality of life is probably better in the midwest than in the coasts. For one thing, real-estate is more affordable and cost of owning a home is much less than in the coasts. Midwest is also the home of some iconic companies such as General Electric, General Mills, Caterpillar and Kohler to name a few. Midwest also has lot of wooded areas with lakes which make it a great destination for hiking, adventure sports and fishing. | general_qa |
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What language is easy to learn? | English is usually considered as an easier language to learn than Chinese, Russian, Arabic and so on. The grammar has less exceptions, and the pronunciations are easy for people from different places in the world to pronounce.
Also, since English is widely used in today's world, you may naturally find more TV programs, commercials, films, classes etc. that could help you quickly learn English as well. | general_qa |
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Can you write a High Five to a colleague for the partnership at a customer account and the hard work he did? | Thanks for always being there to help on customer account. I can't imagine how difficult our discussions would have been if we didn't have you. | general_qa |