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We 're , I mean we We didn't have a house before.

QMSum_87

Yeah. Yeah.

QMSum_87

OK.

QMSum_87

We 're on again ? OK.

QMSum_87

Mm - hmm. That is really great.

QMSum_87

Yeah , so if uh So if anyone hasn't signed the consent form , please do so.

QMSum_87

That 's terrific.

QMSum_87

Oh , yeah !

QMSum_87

OK

QMSum_87

The new consent form. The new and improved consent form.

QMSum_87

Now you won't be able to walk or ride your bike , huh ?

QMSum_87

OK.

QMSum_87

Uh.

QMSum_87

Right.

QMSum_87

OK.

QMSum_87

And uh , shall I go ahead and do some digits ?

QMSum_87

Uh , we were gonna do that at the end , remember ?

QMSum_87

OK , whatever you want.

QMSum_87

Yeah. Just just to be consistent , from here on in at least , that that we 'll do it at the end.

QMSum_87

The new consent form.

QMSum_87

It 's uh Yeah , it doesn't matter. OK.

QMSum_87

OK Um Well , it ju I mean it might be that someone here has to go ,

QMSum_87

Testing , one , two , three.

QMSum_87

and Right ? That was that was sort of the point. So , uh I had asked actually anybody who had any ideas for an agenda to send it to me and no one did. So ,

QMSum_87

So we all forgot.

QMSum_87

Uh ,

QMSum_87

From last time I wanted to Uh The An iss uh one topic from last time.

QMSum_87

Right , s OK , so one item for an agenda is uh Jane has some uh uh some research to talk about , research issues. Um and Uh , Adam has some short research issues.

QMSum_87

And I have some short research issues.

QMSum_87

Um , I have a list of things that I think were done over the last three months I was supposed to send off , uh and , um I I sent a note about it to uh to Adam and Jane but I think I 'll just run through it also and see if someone thinks it 's inaccurate or uh insufficient.

QMSum_87

A list that you have to send off to who ?

QMSum_87

Uh , to uh uh , IBM.

QMSum_87

Oh.

QMSum_87

OK. They 're , you know

QMSum_87

So. Um , So , uh so , I 'll go through that. Um , And , Anything else ? anyone wants to talk about ?

QMSum_87

What about the , um your trip , yesterday ?

QMSum_87

No. OK. Um. Sort of off - topic I guess.

QMSum_87

Oh , OK.

QMSum_87

Cuz that 's Cuz that was all all about the , uh I I I can chat with you about that off - line. That 's another thing. Um , And , Anything else ? Nothing else ? Uh , there 's a I mean , there is a a , um uh telephone call tomorrow , which will be a conference call that some of us are involved in for uh a possible proposal. Um , we 'll talk we 'll talk about it next week if if something

QMSum_87

Do you want me to be there for that ? I noticed you C C ' ed me , but I wasn't actually a recipient. I didn't quite know what to make of that.

QMSum_87

Uh Well , we 'll talk talk about that after our meeting. OK.

QMSum_87

OK.

QMSum_87

Uh , OK. So it sounds like the the three main things that we have to talk about are , uh this list , uh Jane and Jane and Adam have some research items , and , other than that , anything , as usual , anything goes beyond that. OK , uh , Jane , since since you were sort of cut off last time why don't we start with yours , make sure we get to it.

QMSum_87

OK , it 's it 's very eh it 's very brief , I mean just let me just hand these out. Oops.

QMSum_87

Is this the same as the email or different ?

QMSum_87

Thanks.

QMSum_87

It 's slightly different. I basically the same.

QMSum_87

OK.

QMSum_87

Same idea ?

QMSum_87

But , same idea. So , if you 've looked at this you 've seen it before , so Basically , um as you know , uh part of the encoding includes a mark that indicates an overlap. It 's not indicated with , um uh , tight precision , it 's just indicated that OK , so , It 's indicated to to so the people know what parts of sp which which stretches of speech were in the clear , versus being overlapped by others. So , I used this mark and , um and , uh uh , divided the I wrote a script which divides things into individual minutes , of which we ended up with forty five , and a little bit. And , uh you know , minute zero , of course , is the first minute up to sixty seconds.

QMSum_87

OK.

QMSum_87

And , um What you can see is the number of overlaps and then to the right , whether they involve two speakers , three speakers , or more than three speakers. And , um and , what I was looking for sp sp specifically was the question of whether they 're distributed evenly throughout or whether they 're bursts of them. Um. And it looked to me as though uh , you know y this is just eh eh , this would this is not statistically verified , but it did look to me as though there are bursts throughout , rather than being localized to a particular region. The part down there , where there 's the maximum number of of , um overlaps is an area where we were discussing whether or not it would be useful to indi to s to code stress , uh , sentence stress as possible indication of , uh information retrieval. So it 's like , you know , rather , lively discussion there.

QMSum_87

What was what 's the the parenthesized stuff that says , like e the first one that says six overlaps and then two point eight ?

QMSum_87

Oh , th That 's the per cent.

QMSum_87

Mmm.

QMSum_87

So , six is , uh two point eight percent of the total number of overlaps in the session.

QMSum_87

Mm - hmm.

QMSum_87

Ah.

QMSum_87

Mm - hmm.

QMSum_87

At the very end , this is when people were , you know , packing up to go basically , there 's this final stuff , I think we I don't remember where the digits fell. I 'd have to look at that. But the final three there are no overlaps at all. And couple times there are not.

QMSum_87

Mm - hmm.

QMSum_87

So , i it seems like it goes through bursts but , um that 's kind of it.

QMSum_87

Mm - hmm.

QMSum_87

Now , Another question is is there are there individual differences in whether you 're likely to be overlapped with or to overlap with others. And , again I want to emphasize this is just one particular um one particular meeting , and also there 's been no statistical testing of it all , but I , um I took the coding of the I , you know , my I had this script figure out , um who was the first speaker , who was the second speaker involved in a two - person overlap , I didn't look at the ones involving three or more. And , um this is how it breaks down in the individual cells of who tended to be overlapping most often with who who else , and if you look at the marginal totals , which is the ones on the right side and across the bottom , you get the totals for an individual. So , um If you look at the bottom , those are the , um numbers of overlaps in which um Adam was involved as the person doing the overlapping and if you look I 'm sorry , but you 're o alphabetical , that 's why I 'm choosing you And then if you look across the right , then that 's where he was the person who was the sp first speaker in the pair and got overlap overlapped with by somebody.

QMSum_87

Hmm !

QMSum_87

Mm - hmm.

QMSum_87

And , then if you look down in the summary table , then you see that , um th they 're differences in whether a person got overlapped with or overlapped by.

QMSum_87

Is this uh just raw counts or is it

QMSum_87

Raw counts.

QMSum_87

So it would be interesting to see how much each person spoke.

QMSum_87

Mm - hmm.

QMSum_87

Yeah.

QMSum_87

Yeah Yeah

QMSum_87

Yes , very true very true

QMSum_87

Normalized to how much

QMSum_87

it would be good to normalize with respect to that. Now on the table I did take one step toward , uh away from the raw frequencies by putting , uh percentages. So that the percentage of time of the of the times that a person spoke , what percentage eh , w so. Of the times a person spoke and furthermore was involved in a two two - person overlap , what percentage of the time were they the overlapper and what percent of the time were they th the overlappee ? And there , it looks like you see some differences , um , that some people tend to be overlapped with more often than they 're overlapped , but , of course , uh i e this is just one meeting , uh there 's no statistical testing involved , and that would be required for a for a finding of any kind of scientific reliability.

QMSum_87

S so , i it would be statistically incorrect to conclude from this that Adam talked too much or something.

QMSum_87

No no actually , that would be actually statistically correct ,

QMSum_87

Yeah , yeah.

QMSum_87

No , no , no.

QMSum_87

Yeah , yeah. Yeah , yeah.

QMSum_87

but

QMSum_87

Yeah , that 's right.

QMSum_87

Yeah. Excuse me.

QMSum_87

That 's right. And I 'm you know , I 'm I don't see a point of singling people out ,

QMSum_87

B I I I rather enjoyed it , but but this

QMSum_87

now , this is a case where obviously

QMSum_87

But the numbers speak for themselves.

QMSum_87

He 's Yeah , yeah , yeah.

QMSum_87

Well , you know , it 's like I 'm not I 'm not saying on the tape who did better or worse

QMSum_87

Yes , that 's right , so you don't nee OK.

QMSum_87

Sure.

QMSum_87

because I don't think that it 's I you know , and and th here 's a case where of course , human subjects people would say be sure that you anonymize the results , and and , so , might as well do this.

QMSum_87

Yeah.

QMSum_87

Yeah , when this is what This is actually when Jane sent this email first , is what caused me to start thinking about anonymizing the data.

QMSum_87

Well , fair enough. Fair enough.

QMSum_87

Yeah.

QMSum_87

And actually , you know , the point is not about an individual , it 's the point about tendencies toward you know , different styles , different speaker styles.

QMSum_87

Oh sure.

QMSum_87

And it would be , you know of course , there 's also the question of what type of overlap was this , and w what were they , and i and I and I know that I can distinguish at least three types and , probably more , I mean , the general cultural idea which w uh , the conversation analysts originally started with in the seventies was that we have this strict model where politeness involves that you let the person finish th before you start talking , and and you know , I mean , w we know that an and they 've loosened up on that too s in the intervening time , that that that 's that 's viewed as being a culturally - relative thing , I mean , that you have the high - involvement style from the East Coast where people will overlap often as an indication of interest in what the other person is saying. And

QMSum_87