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What is known about the effect of acupuncture in smoking cessation ?

Ear acupressure (EAP) and ear acupuncture have been used for smoking cessation, and some positive results have been reported. Auricular (ear) acupressure has been purported to be beneficial in achieving smoking cessation in some studies, while in others has been deemed insignificant. The combined acupuncture-education group showing the greatest effect from treatment.

What does isradipine do to L-type channels?

Isradipine antagonizes/blocks the L-type channels.

Describe SNP2TFBS

SNP2TFBS is a computational resource intended to support researchers investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying regulatory variation in the human genome. The database essentially consists of a collection of text files providing specific annotations for human single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), namely whether they are predicted to abolish, create or change the affinity of one or several transcription factor (TF) binding sites. A SNP's effect on TF binding is estimated based on a position weight matrix (PWM) model for the binding specificity of the corresponding factor. These data files are regenerated at regular intervals by an automatic procedure that takes as input a reference genome, a comprehensive SNP catalogue and a collection of PWMs. SNP2TFBS is also accessible over a web interface, enabling users to view the information provided for an individual SNP, to extract SNPs based on various search criteria, to annotate uploaded sets of SNPs or to display statistics about the frequencies of binding sites affected by selected SNPs. Homepage: http://ccg.vital-it.ch/snp2tfbs/.

Which protein kinases have been found to phosphorylate Phospholamban and affect its biological activity?

Phosphorylation of phospholamban at Ser16 is mainly mediated by PKA and at Thr17 by Ca(2+) /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMKII). Phospholamban is also a reporter for PKG activity and akt kinase interacts with and phosphorylates PLN at Thr(17).

Is PCAT6 a microRNA?

No, PCAT6 is a long noncoding RNA.

Which molecules are targeted by Trastuzumab Deruxtecan?

Trastuzumab deruxtecan is a HER2-directed antibody and DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor conjugate being developed for the treatment of HER2-expressing solid tumours, including breast cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer and non-small cell lung cancer

How is active neurotoxin of Clostridium botulinum detected?

Active neurotoxin of Clostridium botulinum can be detected by: mouse lethality assay by mass spectrometry bioassay differentiated cell models peptide cleavage assay FDC (functional dual coating) microtitre plate immuno-biochemical assay endopeptidase activity monitored via UV-Visible spectroscopy

Clue cells are characteristics to which causative bacteria of vaginitis?

Clue cells are characteristic to Gardnerella vaginalis vaginitis (bacterial vaginosis). Depopulation of lactobacilli from the normal vaginal flora and overgrowth of Gardnerella vaginalis and other anaerobic species are the presumed etiology. The diagnosis is confirmed when at least three of the following four findings are present (Amsel's criteria): 1) thin, homogenous discharge, 2) pH greater than 4.5, 3) positive amine test, and 4) presence of clue cell.

Falciform ligament sign is characteristic to which disease?

The falciform ligament sign (gas outlining the falciform ligament) is characteristic to pneumoperitoneum due to intestinal perforation.

What is the basis of the capture Hi-C experimental protocol?

Capture Hi-C (CHi-C) allows high-resolution analysis of targeted regions of the genome by incorporating a sequence capture step into a Hi-C protocol. Capture Hi-C (CHi-C) enriches standard Hi-C libraries for regions of biological interest, for example by specifically targeting gene promoters, aiding identification of biologically significant chromatin interactions compared to conventional Hi-C, for an equivalent number of sequence reads

Against which protein is the antibody used for immonostaining of Lewy bodies raised?

alpha-Synuclein is a presynaptic protein, which was identified as a specific component of Lewy bodies (LB) and Lewy neurites. Therefore, immunostaining for detecting the presence of Lewy bodies is carried out using antibodies against alpha-synuclein.

What links developmental pathways to ALS?

A direct link between developmental pathways and ALS is not described. However, cytoskeletal proteins such as KIF5A are implicated in ALS, and the cytoskeletal protein N-cadherin is involved in plasticity of the cerebral cortex. Development depends on connections of the sympathetic nervous system, involving mechanisms such as axon growth, neuron survival, and dendrite growth. BACE1, which is involved in Alzheimer's disease, is also implicated in axonal regeneration.

Is there any role of Dlx1 and Dlx2 transcription factors in cortical interneurons?

Yes. DLX2 directly drives Gad1, Gad2, and Vgat expression, and mutants have reduced mIPSC amplitude. In addition, the mutants formed fewer GABAergic synapses on excitatory neurons and have reduced mIPSC frequency. Furthermore, Dlx1/2 CKO have hypoplastic dendrites, fewer excitatory synapses, and reduced excitatory input.

Which vitamin deficiencies may present with neurologic signs or symptoms?

Many vitamin deficiencies have been described as a cause of neurologic signs and symptoms. For instance, vitamin B12 deficiency can cause several types of neurological manifestations, such as subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord, ataxia, peripheral polyneuropathy, optic nerve neuropathy, and cognitive disorders. In addition, vitamin B1 (Thiamine) and B6 (Pyridoxine) deficiency can both cause peripheral neuropathy. Specifically, vitamin B1 deficiency can also cause confusion, ophthalmoplegia, nystagmus, and ataxia in the context of beriberi and Wernicke's encephalopathy. Finally, vitamin A deficiency has been described to cause retinal change-related visual defects and subsequent vision loss.

What is the msDNA?

msDNA is actually a complex of DNA, RNA, and probably protein. It is composed of a small, single-stranded DNA, linked to a small, single-stranded RNA molecule. The 5' end of the DNA molecule is joined to an internal guanosine residue of the RNA molecule by a unique 2'-5' phosphodiester bond. msDNA is produced in many hundreds of copies per cell, but its function remains unknown.

How many different miRNAs can be upregulated by LB-100?

LB-100 has been reported to upregulate one miRNA, namely miR-181b-1.

What is the role of the UBC9 enzyme in the protein sumoylation pathway?

The small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) pathway in eukaryotes is an essential post-translational modification required for a variety of cellular processes, development and organelle biogenesis. SUMO-conjugating enzyme (Ubc9) is the sole conjunction enzyme in the SUMO pathway.

What is the preferred orientation of CTCF binding sites for chromatin looping?

chromatin loops preferentially form between CTCF binding sites oriented in a convergent manner. CTCF sites at loop anchors occur predominantly (>90%) in a convergent orientation, with the asymmetric motifs "facing" one another.

Which databases are devoted to 3D genome interactions?

3DIV is a 3D-genome Interaction Viewer and database. The 3D Genome Browser is a web-based browser for visualizing 3D genome organization and long-range chromatin interactions. GMOL is an Interactive Tool for 3D Genome Structure Visualization. 3Disease Browser is a Web server for integrating 3D genome and disease-associated chromosome rearrangement data. The 3DGD is a database of genome 3D structure, that currently holds Hi-C data on four species, for easy accessing and visualization of chromatin 3D structure data.

List the 6 genes associated with the autosomal recessive form of Osteogenesis imperfecta

There are at least 6 genes associated with osteogenesis imperfecta, Sp7/Osx, FK506-binding protein, Hsp47/SERPINH1, WNT1, CRTAP, P3H1, and PPIB, LEPRE1,PLOD2, TMEM38B

What is the major adverse effect of adriamycin(doxorubicin)?

Cardiac toxicity is a major adverse effect caused by doxorubicin (DOX) therapy

Is inositol effective for trichotillomania?

No, inositol is not effective for trichotillomania

Does erythromycin increase risk of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis?

Yes, post-natal erythromycin exposure is associated with increased risk of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. The association is stronger when exposure occurs in the first 2 weeks of life.

Can administration of the thyrotropin releasing hormone reduce fatigue in cancer patients?

yes, in cancer patients, thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) administration was associated with significant improvement in cancer related fatigue levels as measured by the Visual Analog Scale-Energy, fatigue and vigor subscales of the POMS, and the fatigue subscale of FACIT-F. TRH administration was safe and tolerable in the treatment of cancer-related with a positive impact on quality of life, suggesting the need for further studies investigating TRH for treatment of fatigue in cancer patients.

What is aphasia?

Aphasia is an inability to comprehend or formulate language because of damage to specific brain regions.

Is taxilin a cancer marker?

Yes, α-Taxilin, a binding partner of the syntaxin family, is a candidate tumor marker.

Which histone mutation is associated with gliomas?

Pediatric central nervous system tumors are the most common solid tumor of childhood. Over 70% of diffuse intrinsic pediatric gliomas, an aggressive brainstem tumor, harbor heterozygous mutations that create a K27M amino acid substitution (methionine replaces lysine 27) in the tail of histone H3.3.

Are bacteria in the genus Clostridium facultative anaerobes?

Clostridia belong to those bacteria which are considered as obligate anaerobe, e.g. oxygen is harmful or lethal to these bacteria.

Which post-translational histone modifications are characteristic of constitutive heterochromatin?

H3K9me3 is the major marker of constitutive heterochromatin. Other histone methylation marks usually found in constitutive heterochromatin, are H4K20me3 and H3K79me3. Classical histone modifications associated with heterochromatin include H3K9me2, H3K27me1 and H3K27me2. Histone H3 trimethylation at lysine 36 is associated with constitutive and facultative heterochromatin. H3S10 phosphorylation marks constitutive heterochromatin during interphase in early mouse embryos until the 4-cell stage

Which drugs are included in the CABENUVA pill?

Cabenuva contains cabotegravir and rilpivirine. It is used for treatment of HIV.

Which is the enzymatic activity of OTULIN?

OTULIN is a deubiquitinase, that specifically cleaves Met1-linked polyUb.

Is Brucella abortus the organism that causes brucillosis known to cause spontaneous abortions in humans?

Human brucellosis symptoms and clinical signs most commonly reported are fever, fatigue, malaise, chills, sweats headaches, myalgia, arthralgia, and weight loss. Some cases have been presented with only joint pain, lower backache, and involuntary limb movement, burning feet, or ischemic heart attacks.

What is the genetic basis for Cornelia de Lange's syndrome?

Mutations in five genes (NIPBL, SMC1A, SMC3, RAD21, and HDAC8), all regulators or structural components of cohesin, have been identified.

What is the genetic basis of propionic acidemia?

Mutations in the PCCA or PCCB genes, encoding both subunits of propionyl-CoA carboxylase.

What is the mechanism of action of trichostatin A (TSA) as an antitumoral agent?

Trichostatin A (TSA) exerts antitumoral activity as a histone deacetylase inhibitor

Which SWI/SNF protein complex subunit has been demonstrated to interact with the FANCA gene product?

The Fanconi anemia protein FANCA has been shown to interact with the brm-related gene 1 (BRG1) product. BRG1 is a subunit of the SWI/SNF complex, which remodels chromatin structure through a DNA-dependent ATPase activity.

what is the role of erythropoietin in cardiac regeneration after myocardial infarction?

In preclinical studies, erythropoietin improved cardiac function and perfusion by angiomyogenesis and protection of cardiomyocytes in myocardial infarction indicating that erythropoietin may play a role in the stimulation of cell regeneration under normal physiologic conditions and in patients with myocardial injury. Epo overexpression was found to enhance the cellular regenerative properties of MSCs by both autocrine and paracrine pathways. However, results from recent clinical trials did not support beneficial effects of cytokine therapy with erythropoietin in patients with myocardial infarction.

For which type of diabetes can empagliflozin be used?

The oral antidiabetes agent, empagliflozin, can be used as monotherapy or alongside other glucose-lowering treatments, including insulin, to treat T2DM.

Why can't humans synthesize Neu5Gc (N-Glycolylneuraminic acid)?

N-Glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) is a sialic acid synthesized by animals, but not by humans or birds. Humans lack a functional cytidine monophosphate-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase (CMAH) protein and cannot synthesize the sugar Neu5Gc, an innate mammalian signal of self. Losing this sugar changed how humans interact with some of our deadliest pathogens: malaria, influenza, and streptococcus among others.

Which drugs are included in the CNIC polypill?

CNIC polypill includes atorvastatin 40mg, ramipril 10mg and aspirin 100mg.

List 3 indications for Bupropion

Bupropion is used to treat Obesity, for smoking cessation and for depression

What is the mechanism of action of verubecestat?

Verubecestat (MK-8931), a diaryl amide-substituted 3-imino-1,2,4-thiadiazinane 1,1-dioxide derivative, is a potent, selective, structurally unique BACE1 inhibitor that reduced plasma, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and brain concentrations of Aβ40, Aβ42, and sAPPβ (a direct product of BACE1 enzymatic activity).

Does the hERG gene code for a protein which is part of a sodium channel?

The hERG AKA Human ether-a-go-go-related gene coded for a protein subunit of a potassium channel that conducts delayed rectifier K(+) current

Does allele phasing improve the phylogenetic utility of ultraconserved elements?

Yes. Allele phasing greatly improves the phylogenetic utility of ultraconserved elements. Analyzing allele sequences leads to more accurate estimates of tree topology and divergence times than the more common approach of using contig sequences.

List ribosomal biogenesis proteins.

FGF13 p53 TGFβ/Activin PTEN Nucleostemin HEATR1

Which disease the London mutation involved in?

London mutation that is the missense mutation in exon 17 of the amyloid precursor protein gene on chromosome 21 (Val717Ile) is involved in Alzheimer's Disease.

What does the gene symbol EREG stand for?

The gene symbol EREG stands for the gene epiregulin.

What is the target of the drug Olmesartan?

Olmesartan (OL) is the pharmacologically active metabolite of Olmesartan medoxomil (OM), an FDA-approved angiotensin II receptor antagonist for administrating cardiovascular diseases

Is Pim-1 a protein phosphatase?

No, Pim-1 is a kinase and not a phosphatase.

Describe the usefulness of CAMUR in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)

CAMUR is a new method that extracts multiple and equivalent classification models. CAMUR iteratively computes a rule-based classification model, calculates the power set of the genes present in the rules, iteratively eliminates those combinations from the data set, and performs again the classification procedure until a stopping criterion is verified. CAMUR includes an ad-hoc knowledge repository (database) and a querying tool. Three different types of RNA-seq data sets (Breast, Head and Neck, and Stomach Cancer) were analyzed from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and CAMUR and its models were validated also on non-TCGA data. Experimental results show the efficacy of CAMUR by obtaining several reliable equivalent classification models, from which the most frequent genes, their relationships, and the relation with a particular cancer are deduced.

Has Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) been reported to be a plasminogen receptor in pathogenic bacteria?

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) has been reported to be a plasminogen receptor in many pathogenic bacteria.

what is the role of FGF-2 in cardiac regeneration after myocardial infarction?

Exogenous FGF-2 was shown to increase angiogenesis and myocardial perfusion, promote myocardial regeneration by activating the SDF-1α/CXCR4 axis, and thereby improve the cardiac function after myocardial infarction. Furthermore, prevascularization with basic FGF-incorporated microspheres enhances the benefits of cardiomyocyte transplantation. In another study, transmyocardial drilling revascularization combined with heparinized basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-incorporating degradable stent implantation (TMDRSI) was shown to promote Cardiac Progenitor Cells proliferation and differentiation into cardiomyocytes through activating the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis, while inhibiting myocardial apoptosis, thereby enhancing myocardial regeneration following myocardial infarction and improving cardiac function.

Which signaling pathways have been associated with medulloblastoma formation and growth?

Medulloblastoma comprises approximately 20% of all primary pediatric brain tumors. Multiple signaling pathways have been associated with disease formation and growth. These include the developmental pathways Hedgehog, Notch, and Wnt, as well as pathways in which the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) c-Met, erbB2, IGF-R and TrkC, and the oncoprotein Myc are involved.

What is trismus?

Trimus is defined as restricted mouth opening due to disorder of the temporomandibular joint.

List autoimmune disorders associated with GAD65 autoantibodies.

Autoantibodies to the smaller isoform of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) can be found in patients with type 1 diabetes and a number of neurological disorders, including stiff-person syndrome, cerebellar ataxia and limbic encephalitis.

What is the mode of inheritance of Marchesani syndrome?

Marchesani syndrome is transmitted either by an autosomal dominant (mutations in FBN1) or an autosomal recessive (mutations in ADAMTS10) mode of inheritance

List disorders that have been associated to the polymorphism rs2535629.

schizophrenia and major depressive disorder.

What are the indications for hydrochlorothiazide?

Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic, often used in combination with others. Hydrochlorothiazide are used to treat hypertension. Hydrochlorothiazide has been shown to decrease diastolic blood pressure.

What is the role of neurogranin in Alzheimer's disease patients?

Dendritic protein neurogranin is markedly increased in cerebrospinal fluid in Alzheimer's disease patients. Neurogranin might reflect the neurodegenerative processes within the brain, indicating a role for neurogranin as a potential novel clinical biomarker for synaptic degeneration in AD. Neurogranin is important for synaptic plasticity and memory.

Which is the protein implicated in Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3?

Ataxin-3 is a ubiquitously expressed deubiqutinating enzyme with important functions in the proteasomal protein degradation pathway and regulation of transcription. The C-terminus of the ataxin-3 protein contains a polyglutamine (PolyQ) region that, when mutationally expanded to over 52 glutamines, causes the neurodegenerative disease spinocerebellar ataxia 3 (SCA3).

What is Snord116?

SNORD116 is a small nucleolar (sno) RNA gene cluster (HBII-85) implicated as a major contributor the Prader-Willi phenotype. SNORD116 genes appears to be responsible for the major features of PWS. SNORD116 is a paternally expressed box C/D snoRNA gene cluster. The mouse C/D box snoRNA MBII-85 (SNORD116) is processed into at least five shorter RNAs using processing sites near known functional elements of C/D box snoRNAs. Snord116 expression in the medial hypothalamus, particularly within nuclei that are part of feeding circuitry. High expression of Snord116 was evident in the paraventricular (PVN) and ventromedial (VMH) nuclei, but particularly prevalent in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) according to in situ hybridization. Snord116 expression level in ventral hypothalamic dissections including ARC was significantly greater (by 2-fold) than that in cortex; and its expression level in dorsal hypothalamic dissections including PVN was double that in cortex. The enhanced expression pattern of Snord116 in hypothalamic nuclei was observed at weaning and young adult stages, but less obvious neonatally when expression was significantly more widespread. Therefore the expression of Snord116 likely is regulated developmentally. Snord116del mice with paternally derived deletion lack expression of this snoRNA. They have early-onset postnatal growth deficiency, but normal fertility and lifespan. While pituitary structure and somatotrophs are normal, liver Igf1 mRNA is decreased. In cognitive and behavior tests, Snord116del mice are deficient in motor learning and have increased anxiety. Around three months of age, they develop hyperphagia, but stay lean on regular and high-fat diet. On reduced caloric intake, Snord116del mice maintain their weight better than wild-type littermates, excluding increased energy requirement as a cause of hyperphagia. Normal compensatory feeding after fasting, and ability to maintain body temperature in the cold indicate normal energy homeostasis regulation. Metabolic chamber studies reveal that Snord116del mice maintain energy homeostasis by altered fuel usage. Prolonged mealtime and increased circulating ghrelin indicate a defect in meal termination mechanism. Snord116del mice, the first snoRNA deletion animal model, reveal a novel role for a non-coding RNA in growth and feeding regulation.

What are the targets of Tirbanibulin?

Tirbanibulin is Src kinase signaling inhibitor and tubulin polymerisation inhibitor that is being developed for the topical treatment of actinic keratosis, and psoriasis.

Is autism one of the characteristics of Moebius syndrome?

Moebius syndrome is a rare congenital disorder usually defined as a combination of facial weakness with impairment of ocular abduction. A strong association of Moebius syndrome with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) has been suggested in early studies with heterogenous age groups.

Which disease can be treated with Delamanid?

Delamanid is used in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.

What is the mechanism of action of anlotinib?

Anlotinib is a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR1, VEGFR2/KDR, and VEGFR3), stem cell factor receptor (C-kit), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGFβ), and fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR1, FGFR2, and FGFR3). It is used for treatment of cancer.

Explain amniotic band syndrome.

Amniotic band syndrome (ABS) is a rare congenital disease with variable manifestations ranging from simple constriction rings at the extremities to major defects such as exencephaly.

How do circRNAs relate to tumorigenesis?

Circular RNA may promote or repress tumorigenesis.

Which are the smallest known subviral pathogens of plants?

Contrary to earlier beliefs, viruses are not the smallest causative agents of infectious diseases. Single-stranded RNAs as small as 246 nucleotides exist in certain higher plants and cause more than a dozen crop diseases. These RNAs have been termed viroids. Viroids are plant subviral pathogens whose genomes are constituted by a single-stranded and covalently closed small RNA molecule that does not encode for any protein.

Can you define iatrogenic disease?

An iatrogenic disease is one that arises from treatment of another illness, such as an arrythmia that results from surgery or and hospital aquired infection in an immunocompromised patient.

What is the mode of action of filgotinib?

Filgotinib is an oral selective Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) inhibitor. It has been tested in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and Chroni's disease, and has been shown to be effective.

Is the crystal structure of Pim-1 available?

Yes, The crystal structures of Pim1 in apo form and bound with AMPPNP have been solved

Do nematodes contain a CTCF gene?

Our findings show that CTCF and possibly chromatin insulation are present in basal nematodes. We suggest that the insulator protein CTCF has been secondarily lost in derived nematodes like C. elegans.

Is chlorotoxin a peptide?

Yes

What doses of fingolimod were administered during the FREEDOMS trial?

In the FREEDOMS trial fingolimod was administered at 0.5mg or 1.25mg doses.

Is abdominal pain a common symptom in autism?

Yes, although there are no precise data. There is data that Lactase deficiency, not associated with intestinal inflammation or injury, is common in autistic children and may contribute to abdominal discomfort, pain and observed aberrant behavior.

Which de novo truncating mutations in WASF1 cause intellectual disability?

De novo truncating mutations in WAS protein family member 1 (WASF1) were identified in five unrelated individuals with moderate to profound intellectual disability with autistic features and seizures. WASF1, also known as WAVE1, is part of the WAVE complex and acts as a mediator between Rac-GTPase and actin to induce actin polymerization. The three mutations connected by Matchmaker Exchange were c.1516C>T (p.Arg506Ter), which occurs in three unrelated individuals, c.1558C>T (p.Gln520Ter), and c.1482delinsGCCAGG (p.Ile494MetfsTer23). All three variants are predicted to partially or fully disrupt the C-terminal actin-binding WCA domain. Functional studies using fibroblast cells from two affected individuals with the c.1516C>T mutation showed a truncated WASF1 and a defect in actin remodeling.

Which proteins constitute the methyl-directed mismatch repair system (MMR) in bacteria?

The mismatch repair system (MMR) recognizes and corrects mismatched or unpaired bases caused mainly by DNA polymerase, and contributes to the fidelity of DNA replication in living cells. In bacteria, the methyldirected mismatch repair (MMR) is comprised of MutS and MutL proteins, encoded by the mutS/L operon.

What year was the first successful human heart transplant performed?

The first human heart transplant in 1967 was performed using a deceased donor heart,

What methodology does the Oncomine Dx target test use?

The Oncomine Dx target test uses the next generation sequencing methodology.

What delivery system is used for the Fluzone Intradermal vaccine?

Fluzone was the first influenza vaccine licensed in the USA that uses a new microinjection system for intradermal delivery of vaccines (Soluvia(tm), Becton Dickinson).

List the neurotransmitters that are metabolized by MAOA.

The monoamine oxidase-A (MAOA) gene plays a vital role in the metabolism of neurotransmitters, e.g, serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine.

Name synonym of Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica.

Acrokeratosis paraneoplastic (Bazex syndrome) is a rare, but distinctive paraneoplastic dermatosis characterized by erythematosquamous lesions located at the acral sites and is most commonly associated with carcinomas of the upper aerodigestive tract.

What is the function of the DGAT1 gene product?

Diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) catalyzes the final step in the acyl-CoA-dependent triacylglycerol biosynthesis

List radioprotection agents.

Amifostine CAPE Melanin Melatonin Metformin Tea polyphenols alpha-2-macroglobulin

List receptors of the drug Cilengitide

Cilengitide binds αvβ3 and αvβ5 integrins. It inhibits attachment and invasion of malignant cells. Thus, cilengitide is being tested for treatment of cancer patients.

Which molecule is targeted by Caplacizumab?

Caplacizumab is anti-von Willebrand factor (VWF) antibody that blocks the interaction between VWF and platelets. It is used for treatment of acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (aTTP).

Which enzyme is inhibited by ribociclib?

Ribociclib is inhibitor of cyclin D-cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK 4/6). It is used for breast cancer treatment.

Which tool has been developed for GPU-accelerated alignment of bisulfite-treated DNA sequences?

The alignment of bisulfite-treated DNA sequences (BS-seq reads) to a large genome involves a significant computational burden beyond that required to align non-bisulfite-treated reads. In the analysis of BS-seq data, this can present an important performance bottleneck that can be mitigated by appropriate algorithmic and software-engineering improvements. One strategy is to modify the read-alignment algorithms by integrating the logic related to BS-seq alignment, with the goal of making the software implementation amenable to optimizations that lead to higher speed and greater sensitivity than might otherwise be attainable. This strategy was evaluated using Arioc, a short-read aligner that uses GPU (general-purpose graphics processing unit) hardware to accelerate computationally-expensive programming logic.

Is FTY720 FDA approved?

Yes, FTY720 was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2010.

Is the protein ABCG2 transmembrane?

Yes, the protein ABCG2 is transmembrane.

What is the function of R-spondin 1 and noggin in non-damaged gallbladders?

R-spondin 1 and noggin facilitate expansion of resident stem cells from non-damaged gallbladders.

What is the life expectancy of professional athletes in respect to the general population?

Elite endurance (aerobic) athletes and mixed-sports (aerobic and anaerobic) athletes show higher longevity than the general population, but results about power (anaerobic) athletes are inconsistent.

What links muscle cellular pathways to ALS?

Changes to muscle cellular pathways may occur downstream of motor neuron pathology in ALS. Genetic changes to pathways that are important to muscle function may also be causal of the disease. In addition, changes to the muscle may be responsible for motor neuron death. Pathological changes occur in muscle before disease onset and independent from MN degeneration, and the muscle may release toxic elements, such as via extracellular vesicle secretion. Muscle metabolism and mitochondrial activity, RNA processing, tissue-resident stem cell function responsible for muscle regeneration, and proteostasis that regulates muscle mass in adulthood, are all deregulated in ALS. There may also be a link between motor neuron death, the immune system, and muscle cells, as muscle-resident glial cells have been shown to activate upon nerve injury. Muscle-restricted expression of a localized insulin-like growth factor Igf-1 isoform maintained muscle integrity and enhanced satellite cell activity in SOD1(G93A) transgenic mice.

Is nimodipine recommended for prevention of vasospasm in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients?

Yes, nimodipine is recommended and FDA approved for prevention of vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Multiple studies have demonstrated that nimodipine (administered orally or intravenously) is safe and effective for prevention of vasospasm, and reduce frequency of ischemic complications, lowered mortality and improved overall outcomes. Other preventive medication can be also effective for vasomotor prevention in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients.

Is there an association between c-reactive protein concentrations and outcomes of subarachnoid hemorrhage patients?

Yes. Higher concentrations of C-reactive protein are associated with worse outcomes of subarachnoid hemorrhage patients.

Which genes have been found to be associated with restless leg syndrome

Human L-Ferritin The genotypes of five specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in three genes Homozygosity for the T-allele of BTBD9 rs9296249 MEIS1 Intragenic guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase-1 duplication LRRK2 gene mutation

How does TNF affect thyroid hormone receptors?

TNF-alpha inhibits the T3-induced expression of thyroid hormone receptor-beta

Is paramyxovirus involved in human subacute thyroiditis?

There is no evidence that paramyxovirus are involved in etiology of subacute thyroiditis.

List symptoms of Gradenigo's syndrome.

Gradenigo's syndrome is a rare but life threatening complication of acute otitis media, which includes a classic triad of otitis media, deep facial pain and ipsilateral abducens nerve paralysis.

What is Intanza?

Intanza(r) 9 ug (sanofi pasteur) is a microneedle-delivered intradermal trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine approved in 2009 for the prevention of seasonal influenza in adults 18 to 59 years of age. The microneedle system reliably and reproducibly delivers the vaccine to the dermis. Clinical studies show that Intanza 9 ug is as immunogenic and as well tolerated in working-age adults as a reference intramuscular trivalent inactivated vaccine. Local reactions to Intanza 9 ug, mainly erythema, are transient, mostly mild or moderate, and do not affect acceptability. Intanza 9 ug is considered satisfactory by at least 95% of both vaccinees and prescribers, especially because of the short needle and rapid administration.