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"23. Mohr S. Brandner S, Mueller MD. Dreher EF. Kuhn A (2014) Sex-\nual function after vaginal and abdominal fistula repair. Am J Obstet\nGynecol 211:74.el-74.ct\n24. Cohn DE, Kim KH, Resnick KE, O'Malley DM, Straughn IM J.\n(2011) At what cost does a potential sarvival advantage of beva-\ncizumab make sense for the primary treatment of ovarian cancer?\nA cost-effectiveness analysis. J Clin Oncol 29:1247-1251\n25. Koda T. Koike J. Masuhara H, Kurihara A. Shiokawa H, Ushigome\nMet al (2016) A case of Aortoesophageal fistula rupture due to de-\nscending thoracic aortic dissection with recurent colon cancer dur-\ning chemotherapy containing bevacizumab. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho\n43(12):1815-1817\n26. Kanzaki R. Shintani Y, Inoue M, Kawaumara T, Funaki S. Minami\nM. Okumura M (2017) Late-onset pulmonary fistula after resection\nof pulmonary metastasis from colorectal cancer following periop-\n",
"crative chemotherapy with bevacizumab. Ann Thorac Cardiovas\nSurg. doi: 10.5761/ates.er. 16-00117\n27. Richardson DL, Backes FJ, Hurt JD, Seamon LG, Copeland LJ.\nFowler JM, Cohn DE O'Malley DM (2010) Which factors pre-\ndict bowel complications in patients with recurrent epithelial\novarian cancer being treated with bevacizumub? Gynecol Oncol\n1181)47-51\n28. Burger RA, Brady MF. Bookman MA, Monk BJ, Walker JL. Home-\nsley HD, Fowler J, Greer BE, Boente M. Fleming GF. Lim PC,\nRuhin SC. Katsamata N, Liang SX (2014) Risk factors for Gl ad-\nverse events in a phase III randomized trial of hevacizumab in first-\nline therapy of advanced ovarian cancer: A Gynecologic Oncolaogy\nGroup Study. J Clin Oncol 32(12):1210-1217. doi:10.1200VICO.\n2013.53.6524\n"
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"publikations/matemal_periratal healthMSM_K_21/env), accessed on 1\"\nAanuory. 2015\nE Kely 1 Kohh E Poovan P. Schiler R Hedto A Winter AH et al. The tole of a\nmaterity waiting area (MWA) in reducing matemal mortalty and stitinhs\nin high nak wamen in rural Ethiopia. BOG An int 1 Obstet Gyraecol.\n1179 20101711377-83\nMlard P, Raley 1, Hanson 1 Ateratal vilage stay and pregnancy outcome\nin nura Zmbabwe Cert At I Med. 1991371-4\n1. Lori JR. Murro M, Rominski S, Wilams G, Dah BT, Boyd Cl, et al Materity\nwaiting homes and tradrional midwives in rural Libera nt J Gyrecol\nObstet. 201 123114-8.\n. Andermrichael G, Hale 8, Kasia A, Mufunda 1. Matemity waiting homes a\npanacea for matermralineorstai conundrums in Enitrea J Ertreon Med Assoc.\n200418-21,\n1 van Lonkhujzen L Stegeman M. Nyrongo R van Roasmalen 1 Use of\nmaterity wating home h nrd Zamba. Ar J Reprod Heath 200371132-6\n1. Wison 1 Colison A Achandson D, Kwote G. Senah KA, Tinkorang EK The\nmaterity wating home concept the Nawam, Ghana experience Int\nGynecol Ctstet. 1997s9516-72\n2. Mamba L. Nasair FA, Ondieki C. Kimanga D Reasons for low utlicatioh af a\nmaterity wating home in nual Kerwa ht 1 Gynecol Obstet.\n201010821 52-1\n1. Certra Statistics Ofice, 2010, Zamba 2010 Census of popubtion and\nhousing - Prelminary repart. Avalatle ort hngu/www.zamstatsgovan\nkomphel, accessed 15 January. 2015.\n4. Certral Statistics Offie: Livng Condrions Poveny in Zambia 1991-2006.\nAvalatie on: httpu//www.zamstatsgov.amvicm phpl, accessed on 11\"\nlanuary, 2015\n. Hamer De, Semrau K. Everet LL, Mazambe A Sedenberg P. Goggin Ce al\nErrergency Obstetrical and Neonatal Capacity and Health Certer Acress in\nKalomo Dnct. Zambla: Paper presented at the Second Global Sympasium\non Heath Systems Reseach 2012\n5 Ary D, Jacobs L, Sorersen C Waker D. introduction to research in\neducaton sth ed Wadsworth, CA: Cengage Leaming 2013\n2 Kng N, Homrocks C rtentews in Qualtative Researth Ist ed USA: SAGE\nPublications Itd: 2010. p. 25-41.\n1 Armitage Cl. Implemertation intentions and eating a low- far det a\nrandomsed controitrial. Heskh Prychol 200421319-23\n3 Sreeran P, Whib TL, Golwitzer PM. The inteplay between goal intention\nand mplementation intertian. Persorlaty Soc Paychal Bul. 200531 87-98\na. Sreeran P, Cebell S. Uung implentation rtenton to ncrease attendance\nfor cevica cancer screering Heath Paychol. 20,19-283-4\n1. Spezer 6, Story WT. Singh K. Factors associated with institutional delvery im\nChana the role of decision-making autonomy and cnmmunity norms, BMC\nPregnancy Chidbrth 2014,1438\n2 Scory WT. Burgard SA. Coupies reports of hourehold deckionmaking and\nthe utikation of materal heath services in ongiadesh Soc Sci Med\n201275243-11\n1. Mayer CA, Muntafa A. Drivers and deterents of facity delvery in sub-Saharan\nAfrica a systematic IEview. Reprod Heath. 2013104\n4 Agbla F, Egin A, Barts NW. Occupational working condtions as sk factors\nfor preterm bith in Benin, West Africa. Bev Enidemigi Sante Publigue\n",
"Submit your next manuscript to BioMed Central\nand take full advantage of:\n",
"* Convenient online submission\n",
"No space constraints or color figure charges\n",
"Immediate publication on acceptanco\n"
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"TABLE 4: ANOVA statistical results for the response surface quadratic model\n",
null,
"Model\n2396.26\n5\n479\nA: temperature\n831.23\n1\n831\nR: solid waste\n522.44\n522\nAB\n160.02\n160\nA\n554.22\n554\n442.52\n442\nResidual\n22.05\n7\n3.\nLack of fit\n21.14\n3\n7.0\nPure error\n0.91\n4\n0.\nCor. total\n2418.32\nOil yield\nI0.00\n8.75\n750\n25.1821\n625\n5.00\n25.00\n27.50\n300\n32.50\n35.00\nasM PIjos\n",
"FIGURE 3: The graph of the predicted respanse developed\nfunction of solid waste concentration and temperature.\nas a\n",
"The regression model indicated correlation between the two\nvariables (amount of solid waste and temperature) that were\nused for microbial oil production with correlation coefficient\n(R*) of 0.98. Therefore, the value of this R' strongly suggested\nthat the experimental models represent the relationship\nbetween the experimental results and the predicated values.\nThe predicted values were sufficiently correlated with the\nactual values as shown in Table 3.\n",
"The correlation obtained from the regression analysis\n(Table 4) was very positive and significant. It could be\nobserved that the fit was almost 100% as lack of fit was almost\nnegligible (<0.0001) and hence statistically significant. The\nanalysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the model can\npredict the interactions of the independent variable with 95%\nconfidence limit.\n",
"The predictability plot as a function of the amount of\nsolid waste and temperature is shown in Figure 3. The oil\nyield increased quadratically with decrease in both glucose\n",
"concentration and temperature. The best oil percentage yield.\nwas achieved at the lowest temperature of 25 Cand the lowest\namount of solid waste of 5 g/L. The predicted results obtained\nwere very close to the expected values.\n",
"4. Conclusion\n",
"This study has not only demonstrated that oleaginous micro-\norganism can be programmed for maximum cell biomass\ngeneration and oil production but also revealed the ability of\nthe oil-producing microorganism to turn nuisance organic\nsolid waste into valuable oil. Utilization of solid waste as a\nsubstrate for production of oil by oleaginous microorganism\nis a novel process that establishes the economic value of\nwastes besides proving a solution to the waste disposal chal-\nlenge.\n",
"Conflicts of Interest\n",
"The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.\n",
"Authors' Contributions\n",
"Fortunate Laker, Arnold Agaba, and Andrew Akatukunda\ncontributed equally to this work and are joint first authors.\n",
"Acknowledgments\n",
"The authors would like to acknowledge Uganda Industrial\nResearch Institute (UIRI) for support in carrying out this\nresearch and would also like to thank Okoth Thomas of\nChemistry Department (UIRI) for his contribution towards\nsample analysis.\n",
"References\n",
"1] C. E. Ludena and C. Mejia, \"Climate Change, Agricultural Pro-\nductivity and Its Impacts on the Food Industry: A General\nEquilibrium Analysis, in presentation at the poster session of the\nInternational Association of Agricultural Economists Trienniai\nConference, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil, 2012.\n2] T. M. Jiru, D. Abate, N. Kiggundu, C. Pohl, and M. Groenewald,\n\"Oleaginous yeasts from Ethiopia,\" AMB Express, vol 6, na. l,\narticle no. 78, 2016.\n"
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"28. Faul, F.; Erdfelder, E.; Buchner, A., Lang, A.-G. Statistical power analyses using g'power 3.1: Tests for\ncorrelation and regression analyses. Behav. Res. Methods 2009, 41, 1149–1160. [Cross Ref] [PubMed]\n29. Clapham, P.R.; McKnight, A. Hiv-1 receptors and cell tropism. Br. Med./ Bull. 2001, 58, 43-59. [CrossRef)\n30. Rawson, J.M.O; Landman, S.R.; Reilly, C.S.; Mansky, L.M. Hiv-1 and hiv-2 exhibit similar mutation\nfrequencies and spectra in the absence of g-to-a hypermutation. Retrovirology 2015, 12, 60, [CrossRef]\n[PubMed]\n31. Daddacha, W.; Noble, E.; Nguyen, L.A.; Kennedy, E.M.; Kim, B. Effect of ribonucleotides embedded in a\nDNA template on hiv-1 reverse transcription kinetics and fidelity. J. Biol. Chem. 2013, 288, 12522-12532.\n|CrossRef] [PubMed]\n32. Weiss, K.K.; Chen, R; Skasko, M.; Reynolds, H.M.; Lee, K.; Bambara, R.A.; Mansky, L.M.; Kim, B. A role\nfor dntp binding of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transeriptase in viral mutagenesis.\nBivchemistry 2004, 43, 4490-4500. [CrossRef] [PubMed]\n33. Gao, L.; Hanson, M.N.: Balakrishnan, M.; Boyer, PL.; Roques, B.P.; Hughes, S.H.: Kim, B.; Bambara, R.A.\nApparent defects in processive DNA synthesis, strand transfer, and primer elongation of met-184 mutants of\nhiv-1 reverse transcriptase derive solely from a dntp utilization defect. J. Biol. Chem, 2008, 283, 9196-9205.\n[CrossRef] [PubMed]\n34. Operario, DJ: Balakrishnan, M.; Bambara, R.A; Kim, B. Reduced dntp interaction of human\nimmunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase promotes strand transfer. J. Biol, Chem. 2006, 281,\n32113-32121. [CrossRef] [PubMed]\n",
"© 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access\narticke distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution\n(CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).\n"
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"37. Shiono, Y.; Matsui, N.; Imaizumi, T; Koseki, T; Murayama, T.; Kwon, E.; Abe, T.; Kimura, K-I. An\nunusual spirocyclie isopimarane diterpenoid and other isopimarane diterpenoids from fruiting bodies\nof Xylaria polymorpha. Phytochem. Left. 2013, 6, 439-443. [CrossRef]\n38. Hsu, Y.-H.; Hirota, A.; Shima, S.; Nakagawa, M., Adachi, T.; Nozaki, H.; Nakayama, M. Myrocin C, a new\nditerpene antitumor antibiotic from Myrothecium verrucaria, J. Antibiot, 1989, 42, 223-229. [CrossRef]\nĮPubMed]\n39. Oh, D.-C; Jensen, P.R.; Kauffman, C.A.; Fenical, W. Libertellenones A-D: Induction of cytotoxic diterpenoid\nbiosynthesis by marine microbial competition. Biorg. Med. Chem. 2005, 13, 5267-5273. [CrossRef] [PubMed]\n40. Tan, R.; Wei, w.; Jiang, R.; Zhao, G. Yi Zhong Er Tie Libertellenone G Ji Qi Zhi Bei Fang Fa Yu Yong Tu.\nCN Patent 103073527 A, 1 May 2013.\n41. Laatsch, H. AntiBase 2012; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, Germany, 2012. Available online: http://www.wileyvch.\nde/stmdata/antibase.php (accessed on 1 July 2017).\n42. Hayakawa, S.; Minato, H.; Katagiri, K. The ilicicolins, antibiotics from Cylindrociadium ilicicola. J. Antibiot.\n1971, 24, 653-654. [CrossRef] [PubMed]\n43. Williams, D.R., Bremmer, M.L; Brown, D.L.; D'Antuono, J. Total Synthesis of (f)-llicicolin H. J. Org. Chem.\n1985, 50, 2807-2809. [CrossRef]\n44. Singh, S.B., Li, X., Chen, T. Biotransformation of antifungal ilicicolin H. Tetrahedron Lett. 2011, 52, 6190-6191.\n(CrossRef]\nAndersen, A.J.C, Hansen, PJ,; Jorgensen, K.; Nielsen, K.F. Dynamic cluster analysis: An unbiased method\nfor identifying A + 2 element containing compounds in liquid chromatographic high-resolution time of\nflight mass spectrometric data. Anal. Chem. 2016, 88, 12461-12469. [CrossRef] [PubMed]\n46. Samson, RA.; Houbraken, J.; Thrane, U.; Frisvad, J.C.; Andersen, B. Food and Indoor Fungi; CBS-KNAW\nFungal Biodiversity Centre: Utrecht, The Netherlands, 2010.\n47. Smedsgaard, J. Micro-Scale extraction procedure for standardized screening of fungal metabolite production\nin cultures. J. Chromatogr. A 1997, 760, 264-270. [CrossRef]\nAudoin, C.; Bonhomme, D.: Ivanisevic, J.; de la Cruz, M.; Cautain, B.; Monteiro, M.C.; Reyes, F; Rios, L.;\nPerez, T., Thomas, O.P. Balibalosides, an original family of glucosylated sesterterpenes produced by the\nMediterranean sponge Oscarela balilvaloi. Mar. Drugs 2013, 11, 1477–1489. [CrossRef] [PubMed]\n49. Monteiro, M.C.; de la Cruz, M.; Cantizani, J; Moreno, C.; Tormo, J.R.; Mellado, E.; De Lucas, J.R.; Asensio, F;\nValiante, V.; Brakhage, A.A.; et al. A new approach to drug discovery: High-throughput screening of\nmicrobial natural extracts against Aspergillus fumigatus using resazurin. J. Bionol. Screen. 2012, 17, 542-549.\n[CrossRef] [PubMed]\n50. Zhang, J.H.; Chung, T.D.; Oldenburg, K.R. A simple statistical parameter for use in evaluation and validation\nof high throughput screening assays. J. Biomol. Screen. 1999, 4, 67-73. [CrossRef] [PubMed]\n",
"© 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access\narticle distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution\nTY\n(CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).\n"
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"Additional material\n",
"Additional file 1 Time lapse TIRF-microscopy movie of Dictyosteium discoideum LimE-GFP during flatten-\ning A Dictyostelum dscoideum LimE-GFP celi is Fattened with a single loyer device. The LimE-GFP labeks specii-\ncaly F-actin The images were taken at a rate of 2 per second and are dsplayed at 10 frames per second The\nmovie was sutuect to binary thresholding using MATLAB.\n",
"Acknowledgements\n",
"hristian Wenendorfand Carsten Beta acknowledge francial support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft in the\ntarmework of the prionity program SPP I128. Chratoph Erlenkamper acknowlediges support by the graduste school\n1276/1 from the Deutsche Farschungsgemenschalt We thank G. Gerisch (MPI of Blochemistry, Munichi for praviding the\nimE-GFP labeled mutant and WF Loomis IUniversity of Cablormria, San Diego for providing the CARI-GFP labeled mutant\nof Dictyostelum dscoideum We would ike to thank Katharina Schneider and Barbara Kasemarn forvaluable sechnical\nosistance.\n",
"Author Details\n",
"Max-Planck-rotitur fur Dynamik und Selostorgarisation, 37077 Gotinger Gemany. Loboratory of Atomic and Solid\nState Physics, Cornell Unversity, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, \"Unversita des Sarlandes, 66 123 Saorbrucken, Germany, \"Ecole\nPolytechnique, 91128 Palabesu Cedex, France, 'hstitue für Nichtineare Dynamk Georg-August-Universität Göttingen,\n37073 Gotingen Gemany and Institut für Ptysik und Astronorrie, Universtat Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany\n",
"Received: 11 November 2009 Accepted: 19 April 2010\n",
"Published: 19 April 2010\n",
"References\n",
"Aon U An kitroduction to Systems Baogy Chapman and Hal/CRC. 2006\n2 Yumura S, Fukui Y. Nature 1985, 31416007194-196.\n3 Kranishiyumura T. Fukui Y CeN Mociny and the Cyroskeletan 1987, B(2).1 06-117.\n4 Bretschneider T, Diez 5, Anderaon K. Heuser 1, Clarke M, Muler Taubenberger A Kohler 1, Gerisch G Cument Bickogy\n2004 14(121-10.\nS Kessin RH. Dkryosteturi evalunan, cel bialogy and the development of muhcelulanty Cambridge Lniversity Pess,\nCambridge, UK, 2001.\n6 Schneider N, Weber l Falx 1 Prassder | Muler Tauberberger A, Kohler J, Burghardh E, Gerisch G, Mamatt G Celakonin\nand the Cytoskeletan 200, 562)1 0139\n7 Kao Z,Zhang N. Mưphy D, Deweotes P. Jaunat af Cel Biakogy 1997, 139(2E365-374.\n& Fey P, Kowal AS, Gauder P, Picher KE, Chsholm RL. Nature Pratacaks 2007, 216):1307-1316.\n1 Chisholm R. Hopkinson 5, Lodsh H Praceedings af the National Acadanmyof Sciences of the invited States of America\n1987, 84(4)1030-1034.\n10 Rasband W ImageJ. 1997 Ibnishintanbhga\n11. Galbrath W. Quatenly Jauma'af Micoscapical Science 1955, 96131:785 28a\n12 Yumura 5, Mori H Rukui Y Journa'of CelBalogy 1984, 9913)894-899\n13 Fukui Y, Yumura S, Yumura T, Mori H.Aethods in Enaymology 1986, 134573-580\n14. Potts G Alara 1902, 91:281-347.\n15. Whitesides G, Ostuni E, Takayama 5, Jang X, ingber D Annual Rewew af akomedcal Engineering 2001, 3:335-373.\n16. Km Y, Kang JH Park S, Noon ES, Park IK Semsors and Actuators B-Chemical 2007, 128,1):108- 16\n17. Unger M, Chou H, Thorsen T. Scherer A, Quake S Science 2000, 288(5463):13-116\n18 Feneberg W, Westphal M Sackmann E. Eurmpeon Bophysics Jounal with Biophysics Lemers 2001, 30(4):284 294.\n19. Diez5, Gersch G, Andersan K, Muller Taubenberger A, Bresschnsider t Poosedngs of the National Acadamy of\nScmces of the Linated States of Amenca 2005, 102(21):7601-7606.\n20 Clarke M. Mueller Tauberberger A, Anderson K, Engel L, Gerisch G Molecular Bialogy af me Cel 2006,\n171):4856-4875\n21. Negahr R, Albrecht R, Kahier i Matzner M, Schwarz 1, Westphal M, Gerisch G. Jounalof Cel Science 1998, 111 Part\n91:1227-1240\n22 Bonner 1: Procedings of the Natanal Acadamy af Soiences of she Lnted Siaves of Amenca 1998, 9S(16)3355-9359.\n23 Fleming 5, RiederC CelMolryand the Cyroskeletan 2003, 56(3:141-146.\n24. Squires T. Quake S Rirviews af Modern Physics 2005, 77131:977-1026\n",
"dol: 10.1186/1757-5036-3-9\nCite this article as: Westendorf et of, Live cel flatening- traditional and novel approsches PMC Sicphysics 2010. 39\n"
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"*BioMed Central will be the mast significant development for\ndaseminating the resufts of biomedical research in our Nfetime.\nSir Paul Nurse Cancer Research UK\n",
"onstration of leucine aminopeptidase. Histochem Cytochem\n1957, 5:264.\n29. Page AP: The nematode cuticle: synthesis, modification and\nmutants. In Parasitie nematodes molecular biology biochemistry and\nimmunalogy Edited by: Kennedy MW, Harnett W. Oxon. UK: CABI\nPublishing 2001:167-186.\n30. Lee DL Cuticle, moulting and exsheathment. In The biology of\nnematodes Edited by: Lee DL. London: Taylor & Francis Ine\n2002171-209,\n31. Hang X. Bouvier J. Wang MM, Yamagata GY, McKerrow JH: Brugia\npahangi i identification and characterization of an ami-\nnopeptidase associated with larval molting. Exp Parasitol 1993.\n76:127.133.\n32 Lustigman S, McKerrow JH, Shah K. Lui J. Huima T. Hough M, Brot-\nman 8: Cloning of a cysteine protease required for the molt-\ning of Onchocerca volvulus third stage larvae. J Biol Chem 1996.\n271:30181-30189.\n33. Lustigman S: Molting, enzymes and new targets for chemo-\ntherapy of Onchocerca volvulus. Parasitol Today 1993, 9:294-297.\n34. Davey KG. Kan SP: Molting in a parasitic nematode.\nPhocanema decipiens. IV. Ecdysis and its control. Con / Zol\n1968. 46:893-898.\n35. Hotez P. Haggerty Hawdon J. Milstone L, Gamble HR, Schad G,\nRichard F: Metalloproteases of infective Ancylostoma hook-\nworm larvae and their possible functions in tissue invasion\nand ecdysis. Infect Immun 1990, 58:1883-3892.\n34. Gamble HR, Purcel JP, Fetterer RH: Purification of a 44 kilodal-\nton protease which mediates the ecdysis of infective\nHaemonchus contortus larvae.\nMal Biochem Parasitol 1989.\n33:49-58,\n37. Redmond DL, Knox DP. Newlands G. Smith WD: Molecular clon-\ning and characterisation of a developmentally regulated\nputative metallopeptidase present in a host protective\nextract of Hoemonchus contortus. Mol Biochem Parastol 1997.\n85:77-87.\n38. Rogers WP. The role of leucine aminopeptidase in the molting\nof nematode parasites. Comp Brochem Physiol 1965, 14:311-316.\n39. Davis MW, Birnie AJ. Chan AC. Page AP. Jorgensen AM A con-\nserved metalloprotease mediates ecdysis in Caenorhabditis\nelegans. Developrment 2004, 131:6001-6008.\n40. Richer K. Hunt WG, Sakanari JA, Grieve RB: Dirofilaria immitis\neffect of fluoromethyl ketone cysteine protease inhibitors on\nthe third- to fourth-stage molt. Exp Parasitol 1993, 76:221-231.\n41. Sommervile RI, Rogers WP: The nature and action of host sig-\nnals. Adv Parasitol 1987, 26:239-293.\n42 Rogers WP: Exsheathment and hatching mechanisms in\nhelminths. In Bioogy of parasites Edited by: Soulsby EL New York:\nOxford University Press 1966:33-40.\n43. Hinck LW, Ivey MH: Proteinase activity in Ascoris suum eggs\nhatching fluid, and excretions-secretions. / Porantol 1976.\n162:771-774.\nRagers WP: Physiology of the hatching of eggs of Ascaris lum-\nbricoides. Nature 1958, 181:1410-1411.\n45. Rogers WP, Brooks F. The mechanism of hatching of eggs of\nHoemonchus contortus. Int) Parontol 1997, 7:61-65.\n46. Arnold K. Brydon U Chappell LH. Gooday GW: Chitinolytic activ-\nities in Heligmosomoides polygyrus and their role in egg hatch-\ning. Mol Biochem Paresitol 1993, 58:317-324.\n47. Cohen FE, Gregoret LM, Amari P, Aldape K, Railey J. McKerrow JH:\nArresting tissue invasion of a parasite by protease inhibitors\nchosen with the aid of computer modeling. Biochem 199.\n44\n30:11221-11229,\n48. Ring CS, Sun E McKerrow JH Lee JK, Rosenthal PJ. Kuntz ID, Cohen\nFE Structure-based inhibitor design by using protein models\nfor the development of antiparasitic agents. Proc Nat Acad Sc\nUSA 1993, 90:3583-3587,\n"
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"Henderson Hasselbalch equation. lalpha) co2 and pka, in sea tur-\ntle plasma JExp Bio 180311-314.\nTlusty M, Dodge M, Sharp B, Myers A, Mcintosh A, Wunn D.\nPerkins C, et al. (2010) Health evaluations of leatherback turtles\n(Dermochelys coriacea) in the Northwestern Atlantic during direct\ncapture and fisheries gear disentanglement. Chelon Conserv Bial 9.\n205-222.\n",
"Van Houtan KS, Kittinger IN, Lawrence AL, Yoshinaga C, Born VR, Fox\nA (2012) Hawksbil sea turtkes in the Northwestem Hawakan\nIslands. Chelonian Conserv Biol 11:117-121,\nWolf KN, Harms CA, Beasley JF (2008) Evaluation of five clinical chem-\nistry analyzers for use in health assessment in sea turtes. JAm Ver\nMed Assoc 233:470-475.\nZhang F. Gu H, LI P (2011) A review of chelanian hematology. Asian\n",
"Van Houtan KS, Kittinger JN, Lawrence AL, Yoshinaga C. Born VR Fax\nA (2012) Hawksbil sea turtles in the Northwestem Hawaiar\nIslands. Chelonian Conserv Blol 11:117-121.\n"
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"1 would like to say that this is the most author-friendly\nediting process / have experienced in over 150\npublications. Thank you most sincerely.\"\n",
"of the large bowel, kidney, and blackder: sbsemce of an association in\npopulation-based study in Sweden. Br J Concer. 2003:88:84-9.\n30. Kim OK, Murakami A. Nakamura Y, et al. Screening of edible Japanese\nplants for nitric oxide generation inhibitory activities in RAW 264,7 cells\nCancer letter. 1998; 125:199-207.\n31. Kim HW, Murakami A, Nakamura Y. et al. Screening of edible Japanese\nplants for suppressive effects on phorbol ester-induced superoxide\ngeneration in differentiated HL-60 cells and AS52 cells. Cancer letters,\n2002:176:7-16.\n32. Pandey M, Shukla VK. Diet nd gallbladder cancer: a case control study.\nEer J Cancer Prev. 2002;11:365-8.\n33. Yuan JM, Castellao JE, Gago-Dominguce M, et al. Hypertension, obesity\nand their medications in relation to renal cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer.\n1998,77:1508-13.\n34. Chow WH, Gridley G. Fraumeni JF, et al. Obesity, hypertension, and the\nrisk of kidney cancer in men. N Engl J Med. 2000;343:1305-II.\n35. Kaplan NM. Primary hypetension: pathogensesis. In: Kaplan NM, ed.\nKaplan's Clinical Hypertension Bth ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams\nand Wilkins, 2002. p. 56-135.\n36. Levine TB, Levine AB. Comorbidities of the metabolic syndrome. In\nMetabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Philadephia: Smnder.\n2006. p. 263-79.\n37. Hirata Y. Pathogenesis. In: Trestment for Diabetes Mellitus. Tokyo: Bunkodo,\nTokyo, 1991. p. 53-141 (in Japanese).\n18. Melkemgaard A, Niwa 5. Mehl ES, et al. Risk factors for renal cell carcinoma\nin Denmark: role of medication and medical history, Int J Epidemiol.\n1994,23:923-30.\n39. Lindblad P. Chow WH. Chan J. et al. The role of diabetes mellitus in the\naetiology of renal oell cancer. Diabetologia. 1999:42:107-12.\n40. Wideroff L, Gridley G. Mellemkjacr L, et al. Cancer incidence in\npopulation-based cohort of patients hospitalized with diabetes mellitus in\nDenmark. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1997;89:1360-5.\n",
"Publish with Libertas Academica and\nevery scientist working in your field can\nread your article\n",
"for the development of kidney cancer (renal cell carcinoma) in a kapanese\npopulation: findings from the JACC stady. Iat Mer J. 2008;15:343-7.\n6. Marumo K. Satomi Y, Miyao N. et al. The prevalence of renal cell carcinoma:\na naion-wide survey in Japan in 1997, Int J Uralogy. 2001;8:359-65.\n7, Marumo K, Kanayama H. Miyao N, et al. Prevalence of rensal cell arcinoma:\na naion-wide survey in Japan in 2002. Int s Uralogy. 2007;14:479-82.\n8. Yu MC, Mack TM, Hanisch R. et al. Cigarette smoking, obesity, diuretic\nuse, nd coffee consumption as risk factors for renal cell carcinoma. / Natl\nConcer Invt. 1986;77:351-6.\n9. Hunt JD, van del Hel OL, McMillan GP, et al. Renal cell carcinoma in\nrelation to cigmrette smoking: meta-analysis of 24 studies. Int J Cancer.\n2005;114:101-8.\nD. Hu J. Ugnat AM. The Canadian Cancer Registries Epidemiology Research\nGroup. Active and passive smoking and risk of renal oell carcinoma in\nCanada. Eur J Cancer. 2005:41:770-8.\n1. Nicodemas KK, Sweemey C. Folsom AR. Evalustion of dietary., medical\nand life style risk factors incident kidney cancer in post-menoposal women.\nInt J Cancer, 2004,108:115-21.\n2. Greving IP, Lee JE, Wolk A, et al. Alcohol beverages and risk of renal cell\ncancer. Br J Concer. 2007,97:429-33.\n3. Lee JE, Hunter DJ. Spiegelman D. et al. Intakes of coffee, ten, milk, soda\nand juice and renal cell cancer in a pooled analysis of 13 prospective studies,\nInt J Cancer. 2007:121:2246-53.\n4. Yuan IM. Gago-Dominguez M, Castelao JE, et al. Cruciferous vegetables in\nrelation to renal cell carcinoma. Int J Cacer. 1998,77:211-6.\n5. Wolk A. Ciridley G, Niwa S. et al. Intemational renal cell cancer stady, VII,\nRole of diet. Int J Cancer. 1996;65:67-73.\n5, McLaughlin JK, Mandel IS, Blot WL, et al. A population-based case-control\nstudy of renal cell carcinoma. J Nat Cancer Inst. 1984,72:275-84.\n7. Maclure M, Willett W. A case-control study of diet and risk of renal\nadenocarcinoma. Epidemiology: 1990:1:430-40.\n8, Chow WH, Gridley G. McLaughlin JK. et al. Protein intake and risk of renal\nvell cancer, J Narl Cancer Inst, 1994;86: 1131-9,\n",
"Yuan JM, Gago-Dominguez M, Castelao JE, et al. Cruciferous vegetables in\nrelation to renal cell carcinoma. Int S Cancer, 1998,77:211-6,\n",
"Wolk A. Gridley G, Niwa S, et al. Intemational renal cell cancer study. VI.\nRole of diet. Int J Cancer. 1996:65:67-73.\n",
"The communication between your staff and me has\nbeen terrific. Whenever progress is made with the\nmanuscript, I receive notice. Quite honestly, I've\nnever had such complete communication with a\njournal.\"\n",
"\"LA is different, and hopefully represents a kind of\nscientific publication machinery that removes the\nhurdies from free flow of scientific thought.\"\n",
"Available to your entire community\nfree of charge\nFairly and quickly peer reviewed\nYours! You retain copyright\n"
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"segment elevation UCS 20021. Crc / 2002, 60Suppl. V1123-6a\n9. The Japanese Croulation Joint Woriing Group (2004 Guidelines for\ndiagnostic evaluation of patients with chronic ischemic heart disease\nUCS 20051. htrp/wwwjcicor p/guideline/pdt/ICS2005_yoknyama_hpdf\n0 Special report trom the Nadonal Institute of Neurological Disorders and\nStroke Classificaton of cerebrovascular diseases II. Snoke 1990, 21:637-676\n1, The Juporese Creulation Joint Working Group (2004: Guidelines for\ntreatment of chronic heart failure UCS 2005). http:/www-circarp\nguidelire/pdS200s_matsurakhpdf.\n2. The Japanese Circulation Joinm Woriing Group (2009. Guidelines for\ntreatment of chronic heart tailure (JCS 2010). http://www.cicarjp\nguideline/pet/CSan10_matsuaki_hpdf.\n3: Heageny PI Lumley T. Pepe MS Time-dependent ROC curves for censored\nsurvival data and a diagnostic marker. Bometics 2000, S&337-344\nH Wan KB, Chang HL Kim HC. Jeon K, Lee H Shin S Cho Park SH, Lee SH.\nJang Y: Differential impact of metabolic syndrome on subclinical\notherosderosis according to the presence of diabetes. Cardiovtic Diobetol\n2013, 1241. do 10.1186/1475-2840-12-41.\n&. Nakamara M Yamanhta T, Yajma 1 Okowa Y, Sagara K. Kake A, Krigaya H.\nNagashima K. Sawada H, Aizawo T, Shirken Database Study Group: Brachial-\nankle pulse wave veloaity as a risk stratification index for the short-term\nprognosis of type 2 diabetic patients with coronary artery disease.\nHyperteni Aes 2010, 33:1018-1024\n6 Tomiyama H Koj Y, Yambe M Shiina K Motobe K Yamada A Shide N\nTanaka NChikamại T, Yamashina A Brachial - ankle puke wave velocity\nis a simple and independent predictor of peognosis in patients with\nacute coronary syndrome. Ce/2005, 69815-822\n2. Kitahara T. Ono K Tsuchida A. Kawai H Shinohara M. khi Y, Koyarog H\nNoguchi T, Matsumato T, Sekihara T. Watanabe Y. Kansi H. bhida H, Nojma\nY Impact of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and ankle-brachial blood\npressure index on mortality in hemodialysis patients. Am ) Kidrey Ds 2005\n46:688-696.\na. Vamasaki Y, Kodama M. NahizawaH, Sakamato K, Matsuhisa M Kajmoto Y,\nKonugi K. Shiminu Y. Kawamon R Hons M: Carotid intima-media thickness\nin Japanese type 2 diabetic subjects: predictors of progression and\nrelationship with incident coronary heart disease. Dabetes Care 2000,\n23:1310-1315\na Yoshida M. Mta T, Yamamato R Shiminu T, keda F. DhmuraC, Kanazawa A\nHrose T, Kawamori R Watada H Combination af the Framingham risk\nscore and carotid intima media thickness improves the prediction af\ncardiovascular events in patients with type 2 dabetes. Daberes Coe\n2011, 35:178-180.\n0. e Y, KatakamiN Kaneto H Takahara M Nishio M, Kasami R Sakamoto K\nUmayatura Y. Sumksuj S. Ueda Y, Kosugi K Shimomura The utility of\nultrasonic tissue characterization of carotid plaque in the predition of\nGrdovascular events in diabetic patients Atheroscerosis 2013 230399-405.\n1. Nambi V, Chambies L Folsom AR, He M Hu Y, Masley T, Volcik K.\nBoerwirkde E, Balarnyre CMt Carotid intima-media thickness and presence\nor absence of plaque improves prediction of coronary heart disease risk:\nthe ARKC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communitiesi study. J Am Col Cadol\n2010, 55:1000-1607.\n2 Folak JF, Pencina MI, Pencira KM oDonneli CI Wolf PA D'Agostino R8 Sr.\nCarotid wall intima media thickness and cardioascular events. NE\nMed 2011, 365213-221.\n3. del Sol AL Moors KG, Holander M Hotman A Koudstaal PJ. Gobbee DE\nAeteler MM. Witeman K. Rots M. Is carotid intima-media thickness\nuseful in cardiovasular disease risk assessment? the Rotterdam study.\nStroke 2001, 32:1 532-1538\nH den Rujter HM Peters SAE Groenewegen KA, Anderson TI Brtton AR\nDekker M Engstom G Eikenars MI, Evans GN, de Grsof 1 Grobbee DE\nHedbiad B, Hofmen A Holewin 5 keda A Kavouni M. Ktagrna K Kitimura\nA Kofijberg H ikram MA, Lonn EM Lorene MW, Mathiesen EM, Nipebs G\nOkszoki S. OLeary DH Polakf, Price F, Robertson C Rembold CM et al\nCommon carotid intima-media thickness does not add to Framingham\nrisk score in individuals with diabetes melitus: the USE-HMT initiative\nDiaberolago 2013, S6:1494-1502.\n6 Sone H. Tanaka S, Tanaka S Imuro S Oda K. Yamasas Y, Okawa S, ishibashi\nS Katayama S Chanhi Y, Akanuma Y. Yamada N for the lapan Diabetes\n",
"factor comparable to LDL cholesterol for coronary heart disease in\nJapanese patients with type 2 diabetes: subanalysis of the Jopan\nDabetes Complications Study JDCSI. ICin Endocmol Metab 2011,\n96:3448-3456\n* Predkction of Coronary Heart Deesse Aak ina Gereral Pre-diabetic, and dabeti\npopukation during 10 yers of folow-up: accuracy of the Framingham, SCORE\nand UKPOS risk functions. Diaberes Care 2003, 322084-208\nMuner HE Seaman HE, Raleigh VS, Soedamah-Muthu SS, Colhoun HM\nLawenson RA, De Vies CS. Risk of stroke in people with type 2 diabetes\nIn the UKC a study using the general practice research database.\nDeaberalogia 2006, 492859-286.\n* Kengre AP, Patel A, Colaguri S. Heller S. Hamet P. Marre M. Pan CY,\nZoungas S, Grobibee CE, Nea 8, Chalmers 1, Woodward M. ADVANCE\nColaborative Group: The Framingham and UK Prospective Diabetes\nStudy (UKPOS) risk equstions do not reiably estimate the probability\nof cardiovascular events in a large ethricaly diverse sample of patients\nwith diabetes the Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and\nDiamicron-MR Controlled Evaluation (ADVANCE) Study. Diabetologia 2010,\n53821-831.\n",
"Cite this article as: Katakami et ol: Cinical utity of brachiakankle pulse\nwave velacity in the prodcton of cardiovascukr overts in dabstic patients.\nCordiovascular Diobetology 2014 13128\n",
"Thorough peer review\n",
"No space constraints or color figure charges\n",
"• Research which is freely avaiable for redistributios\n"
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"2007;30:2880-5,\n7. Jakovijevic DG, Moore SA, Tan LB. et al. Discrepancy between\ncardiac and physical functional reserves in stroka. Stroke\n2012:43:1422-5.\n& Tomczak GR Jelani A. Haennel RG, et al. Cardiac reserve and\npulmonary gas exchange kinetics in patienits with stroke. Stroke\n2008:39:3102-6,\n&. Bates MG. Newman JH, Jakovjevic DG, et al. Defining cardiac\nadaptations and safety of endurance training in patients\nwith m.3243A>G-related mitochondrial disease. Int J Cardiol\n2013.168:3599-60e.\n0. Sun XG. Hansen JE, Oudiz RJ. et af. Exercise pathophysiology\nn patients with primary puimonary hypertension. Circulation\n2001:104:429-35.\n1. Grewal J, McCuly RB, Kane GC, et af. Let ventricular function and\nexercise capacity. JMMA 2009:301286-94.\n2. Baldi JC, Aoina JL Oxenham HC, et al. Reduced exercise\narteriovenous O, difference in type, diabetes. JAppl Physiol\n2003:94: 1033-8,\n3. Clark AL. Poole-Wison PA. Coats AJ. Exercise limitation in chroric\nheart failure: central roke of the periphery. J Am Cal Cardial\n1996.28:1092-102.\n4. Maeder MT, Thompson BR, Brunner-La Rocca HP, et al.\nHemodyramic basis of exercise imitation in patients with\nheart failure and normal ejection traction. JAm Col Cardiol\n2010:56:855-63.\n5. Nilsson KR. Duscha BD, Hranitzky PM, st al. Chronic heart falure\nand exercise intolerance: the hemadynamic paradox. Curr Cardiol\nRev 2008:4:92-100.\n& Ponikowski PP. Chua TP. Francis DP, et al. Muscle ergoreceptor\noveractivity reflects deterioration in clinical status and\ncardiorespiratory reflex control in chronic heart failure. Circulation\n2001:104:2324-30.\n7. Esposito F. Mathieu-Costello 0. Shabetai R. et al. Limited maximal\nexercise capacity in patients with chronic heart failure: partitioning\nthe contributors. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010:55:1945-54.\n& Dhakal BP, Malhotra R. Murphy RM, et al. Mechanisms oft axercise\nintolerance in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: the\nrole of abnommai peripheral oxvnen extraction, Circ Heart Fal\n",
"Nemejer vM, Wesse\netertation\nlimitations by evalusting individual cardiac output patterne: a\nprospective cohort study in patients with chronic heart falure. BMC\nCardiovasc Disord 2015, 15:57.\n30. Fietcher GF, Ades PA, Kiglield P. et al. Exercise standards for\ntesting and training a scientific statement trom the american Heart\nAssociation. Circulation 2013:128.873-934.\n31. Jones TW, Haughnton D, Cassidy S, et al. Bioreactance is a reliable\nmathod for estimating cardiac autput at rest and duning exercise. Br\nJAnaesm 2015;115:3n6-91.\n32. Jakovljevic DG, Trenell MI, MacGowan GA. Bioimpedance and\nbioreactance methods for monitoring cardiac output. Best Pract Res\nCin Anaesthesial 2014 28:381-94.\n33. Jakovljevic DG, George RS, Donovan G, et al. Comparison of\ncardiac power output and exercise performance in patients with\nleft ventricular assist devices, explanted (recovered) patients,\nand those with moderate to severe heart failure, Am J Cardlol\n2010;106:1780-5.\n34. Williams SG, Coke GA, Wright DJ, et al. Peak exercise cardac\npower output; a drect indicator of cardiac function strongly\npredictive of prognosis in chronic heart failre. Eur Heart J\n2001:22:1496-503.\n35. Aneja A, Tang WH, Bansilal S, et af. Diabetic cardiomyopathy:\ninsights into pathogenesis, diagnostic challenges, and therapeutic\noptions. Am JMed 2008:121:748-57,\n36. Cassidy 5, Hallsworth K, Thoma C, et af, Cardiac structure and\ntunction are altered in type 2 diabetes and non-akoholic tatty iver\ndisease and associate with glycemic control. Cardiovasc Diabetol\n2015;14:23.\n37. De Dayne PG. Hafer-Macka CE, Ivey FM, et af. Muscle malecular\nphanotype after stroke is associated with gait spoed. Muscie Norva\n2004:30:209-15.\n38. Mancuso M, Angelini C, Bertini E. et al. Fatigue and exercise\nintolerance in mitochondrial diseases. Literature revision and\nexperience of the Italan Network of mitochondrial diseases.\nNeuromuscul Disord 2012,22Suppl 3) S226-S229.\n39. Taivassalo T, Jensen TD, Kennaway N. et al. The spectrum of\nGxercise toierance in mitochondrial myopathies: a study of 40\npatients. Brain 2003; 126|Pt 21:413-23.\n"
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"Received: 6 October 2016 Accepted: 6 January 2012\nPublished online: 21 January 2017\n",
"Nations Heath 197060121229-34\n1. Moore L Evans D. Hameed SM et al Mortality in Canadian tauma wsteme\na mukicenter Cohon Suty. Arn Sung, 2016 lan 7 Eput ahead of prirl\n2 American College of Surgeons Commitee on Trauma Regioral trouma\nystems optimal elements, integation, and asses smens Systems\nconsultation guice Chicago: American Colege of Surgeons 2008 p. 54\n3 Celso B. Tepas A Langlardotan B.et al A systematic eview and meta-anaysk\ncomparng ouncome of severely hjued patierts vresned in tauma cemers\nfolowing the esabishmert of tiauma sysems. Trauna 200660371-8\nKennedy MP. Gabbe BA Mckenzie BA Impact o the irtroduction of an\nnegrated adut retrieval service on major mauma cutcomes. Emerg Med\n2015.3211)833-8\n5. Shamseer L. Moher D. Carke Mer al Petered reponing tems tor systermati\nreview and meta-analss protocels (PRISMA-P) 2015 ekboarion and\nexplanaton. BMI 201534997647\n5 Simon R Stone M. Cocuzze I: The impact of a new Tara center on an\neising neaty tauma center. J Trauma inj Infet Cit Cae 2009671645-30\nSampon M, Megowan . Cogo E et al An evidence based pacice guideine\nfor the peer review af eleronic seach sraregies, Cin Esikdemioi. 200626\n944-52\ns Candge A Alen D. Patterson R et al Regional colaboration acos\nhospital systems, to develop and implement tnauma protocols saves hes\nwithin 2 years Surgey IUhited Statesi 20131544875-84\n2. Hggirs F. Ntman DG. Gorzsche PC et al The Cochvane Collaboration's\ntool for assessing ek of tias in andomised triak BMI 20113435928.\n5 Eastran AB Wherever he dart lands Toward the ideal trauna system\nJAm Cal Sug 20102112:153-68\n1 Gadng the strength of a body of eviderce when assessing heaith cre\nintervertions for the Eflecive Heath Care Program of the Agency for\nHeslthcare Reseach and Oulky An Updre. Agency for Healthcre\nReseorch and Quality, 2006. Avalikke ak hmp/veffectivehealthcareatggow\ninder cfm/seard-for-quides-reviemsandeportspageaction\ndispkiproductkoroductid-1752. Accessed 17 Jan 2017\n",
"Authors' information\n",
"The interadional injury Care mprovenent intative O ka gobal effet of ove\n60 injuy cae experts, hamessing natioral capatbites in irjury coreoi tom 30\ncounties in pursut of our mission to reduce the gobal burden of injuies\n",
"Competing interests\n",
"The authors declare that they have no competing interests\n",
"Consent for publication\n",
"Not applicable.\n",
"Ethics approval and consent to participate\n",
"Not appicable.\n",
"Author details\n",
"Department of Social and Preventathve Medicine, Lniverske Laval, Quebec,\nOC Canada \"Aue Sante des Populations e Pratiques Optimales en Santé\nPopulation Health and Optirmral Health Practices Research Uniti.\nTraumanologie-Urgence- Scins intensts (Trauma-Emergency-Cntical Care\nMedcine), CHU de Québec-Universite Laval Research Center (Erfant-lesus\nHospital, 1401, 18e rue, local H-012a. Québec Gll 124 Canada. U Health\nSciences, Baltimore, Marylond, USA \"Emergency and Trauro Centre. The\nlfred Hospital, Meltourne, Australa \"Schoo of Publc Health and Prevertie\nMedcine, Manash Untvenity, Melbaume, Australa \"Department of Surgery.\nHelsnki Universty. Helsnk, Firland. \"Emergency and Trauma Certe, The\nWfred Hospital, Monash University, Melboune, Australa \"Trauma Service.\nRayal Children's Hospital. Mebourne, Australia. \"Department of Surgery.\nCollege of Medidine and Health Sciences, UAE LUniversity, Al-Ain, United Arat\nEmrates \"Department of Traumatology, Oslo Unversty Haspital ulleval,\nCola, Nanway. \"Department of Surgery. Dahousle Untversity. Halfar, Nowa\nScotia, Canada. \"Departments of Crtical Care Medicine, Medcine and\nCommunity Health Sciences, OBrien insztute for Pubic Heakh, Unversity of\nCaigaty, Calgary. Canada. \"Divion of Trauma, Surgical Critical Care, Bums\nand Acure Care Surgery, Unversty of Calilama, San Diego Health System,\nSan Diego, Calfomia, USA \"Department af Surgery. Division of General\nsurgery and Dission of Citical Care, LUniversity of Cakgary, Calgary, Alberta,\nCanada \"Rick Harsen retitute, Vancouver, C Canada. \"Department of\nSurgery, University Medical Center Utreche, Utrecht, The Netherlands.\n\"Department of Emergency Medcine, Unvensity of Gasgaw, dasgow, UK\n\"Sech GS. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbat, India\n",
"References\n",
"HCUP Facts and Figures Statistics on hospital-based Care in the United\n",
"https://www.hcup-usaragoweportsfaasandigures jsp. ACcessed 17 Jan\n2017\nThe cost of injury in Canada Parachure Carada 2015. Avalatke t http://\nwww.gaachutecanadaorgkosotrjury Accessed 17 Jan 2017.\nHoman K, Primack A Keusch Get al. Atessing the growing burden of\ntrauma and injury in low- and mickdle-ncome countries Am J Pubic Heakh.\n2005951113-7.\nMock CN Arkovich GA. Ni-Amon-Korei D, et al Trauma mortality patems.\nin three rations at delenent economic keveks impicaions for gkobal raure\nsystem developnert I Taura 199844804-12\nMackerzie El Rivara FP Aukovich Gl et al The national study on costs and\nCUKomes of vauma J Tauma 200763 Suppt 554-67\nMoore L. Tugeon A Laužer F. er al. Evolurion of patent oucomes over\n14 years in a mature, indusive Canadan trauma system. World I Surg. 2015:\n3A8:1 307-405\nGakbe BA Biostar GD. Leciy FEet al The effect of an organized nauma yatem\non monaity in mae aura rwoling serious hesd injury a comparison of\nthe Lried ingdom and Victona, Australia Arn Sug 2011,253 138-43\nGalobe BI. Lyons RA, Fitagerakd MC, et al Reduced popdation burden of\nroad transporn-related major trauma dter ineoduction of an incusive\ntrauma ystem. Ann Surg 201526IC565-72\nGatbe BA Simpson PM. Suthefand AM, er al mproved unctional ourcomes\nfor major trauma patients in a regionaloed, indusive tauma system Ann Sug\n",
"Submit your next manuscript to BioMed Central\nard we will help you at every step:\n",
"Our selector toal helps you ta frnd the mast relevark journal\n• We provde round the clock customer support\n• Converient arine subimission\n• Thorough peer revew\n• Incusion in PubMed and al maor irdexing services\nMaxmum vesbilty far your research\n"
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"institution. Int J Radiat Oncol Biel Phys 68:858-863\n26. Minniti G, Amichetti M. Enrici RM (2009) Radiotherapy and ra-\ndiosurgery for benign skull base meningiomsas. Radiat Oncol 4:42\n27. Misra BK (2012) The paradigm of skull base meningiomas: wtat is\noptimal? World Neurosurg 78:220-221\n28. Monti AF, Ostinelli A, Frigerio M, Cosentino D, Bossi A.\nCazzaniga LF, Scandolaro L, Valli MC (1995) An ICRU 50 radia-\ntherapy treatment chart. Radiother Oncol 35:145-150\n29. Nakamura H. Makino K. Yano S. Kuratsu J (2011) Epidemiokogical\nstudy of primary intracranial tumors: a regional survey in\nKumamoto prefecture in southern Japan-20-year study. Int !\nClin Oncol 16:314-321\n30. Noel G, Habrand JL. Mammar H, Haie-Meder C. Pontvert D.\nDederke S. Ferrand R. Beaudre A. Gaboriaud G. Boisserie G,\nMazeron JJ (2002) Highly conformal therapy using proton compo-\nnent in the management of meningiomas. Preliminary experience of\nthe Centre de Protontherapie d'Orsay. Strahlenther Onkol 178:480-\n485\n31. Nutting C. Brada M. Brazil L. Sibtain A, Saran F. Wesfoury C.\nMoore A. Thomas DG, Traish D. Ashky S (1999) Radiotherapy\nin the treatment of benign meningioma of the skull base.\nNeursurg 90:82. 827\n32. Paganetti H. Niemierko A, Ancukiewicz M. Gerweck LE, Gotein\nM. Loetler IS, Suit HD (2002) Relative biological effectiveness\n(RBE) values for pruton beam therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys\n53:407-421\n33. Pollock BE, Stafford SL, Link MJ, Brown PD. Garces YI, Foote RL\n(2012) Single-fraction radiosurgery of benign intracranial meningi-\nomas. Neurosurgery 71:604-612 discussion 613\n34. Polock BE, Staffond SL. Uter A. Giannini C. Schreiner SA (2003)\nStereotactic radiosurgery provides equivalent numor control to\nSimpson grade I resection for patients with small- te medium-size\nmeningiomas. Int Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 55:1000-1005\n35. Rogers L. Barani I. Chamberlain M. Kaley TJ. MeDermott M.\nRaizer J. Schiff D. Weber DC, Wen PY, Vogelboum MA (2015)\nMeningiomas: knowledge base, treatment outeomes, and uncer-\ntainties. A RANO review. J Neurosurg 1224-23\n36, Saja R. Bamet GH, Lee SY. Hamisch G. Slevens GH, Lee J. Suh\nJH (2005) Intensity-modulated radistion therapy (IMRT) for newly\ndiagnosed and recument intracranial meningiomas: preliminary re-\nsults. Technol Cancer Res Treat 4:675-682\n37. Santactoce A, Walier M. Regis J. Liseak R, Moti E, Lindquist C.\nKemeny A, Kitz K. Lippitz B. Martinez Alvarez R. Pedersen PH.\n",
"Bundschuh O, van Eck AT, Fimmers R, Horstmann GA (2012)\nLong-term tumor control of benign intracranial meningiomas atter\nradiosurgery in a series of 4565 patients. Neurosungery 70:32-39\ndiscussion 39\n38. Shechan JP. Starke RM. Kano H, Kaufmann AM, Mathieu D.\nZeiler FA, West M., Chao ST, Varma G, Chiang VL, Yu JB,\nMcBride HL. Nakaji P. Youssef E, Honea N. Rush S, Kondziolka\nD. Lee JY. Bailey RL, Kunwar S, Petti P., Lunsford LD (2014)\nGamma knife radiosurgery for sellar and parasellar meningiomas:\na multicenter study. J Neurosurg 120:1268–-1277\n39. Simpson D (1957) The recurrence of intracranial meningiomas after\nsurgical treatment. I Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 20:22-39\n40. Sayuer S, Chang EL, Selek U, Shi W. Maor MH, DeMonte F\n(2004) Radiotherapy afier sungery for benign cerebral meningioma.\nRadiother Oncol 71:85-90\n41. Starke RM, Przybylowski CJ, Sugoto M, Fezeu F. Awad AJ, Ding\nD. Nguyen JH, Shechan JP (2015) Gamma knife radiosurgery of\nlarge skull base meningionsas. I Neurosung 122:363-372\n42. Starke RM. Williams BJ, Hiles C, Nguyen JH, Elsharkawy MY.\nShechan JP (2012) Gamma knife surgery for skull base meningio-\nmas, J Neurosurg 116.588-597\n43, Sughre ME, Kane AJ, Shangari G, Rutkowski MJ. McDermot\nMW. Berger MS, Parsa AT (2010) The rekvance of Simpson grade\nI and Il resection in modern neurosurgical treatment of Workl\nHealth Organization grade I meningiomas. J Neurosurg 113:\n1029-1035\n44, Uy NW, Woo SY, Teh BS, Mai WY, Carpenter LS, Chiu JK, Lu\nHH, Gildenberg P, Trask T, Grant WH, Builer EB (2002) Insensity-\nmodulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for meningioma. Int J Radiat\nOncol Biol Phys 53:1265-1270\n45. Weber DC, Lomax AJ, Rutz HP. Stadelmann 0. Egger E,\nTimmemann B, Pedroni ES, Verwey J, Miralbell R. Goitein G\n(2004) Spot-scanning proton radiation therapy for recurent, resid-\nual or untreated intracranial meningiomas. Radiother Oncol 71:\n251-258\n46. Wenkel E, Thornton AF. Finkelstein D. Adams J, Lyons S. De La\nMonte S. Ojeman RG, Munaenrider JE (2000) Benign meningio-\nma: partially resected. biopsied, and recurrent intracranial tumorsi\ntreated with combined proton and photon radiotherapy. Int I Radiat\nOncol Biol Phys 48:1363-1370\n47. Vemimmen FJ, Harris JK. Wilson JA, Melvill R. Smit BJ. Slabbert\nJP (2001) Sterotactic proton beam therapy of skull base meningi-\nomas Ins / Radiu Onyol Diol Phys 49:99-195\n"
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"30. Needleman, S.B.; Wunsch, C.D. A general method applicable to the search for similarities in the\namino acid sequence of two proteins. J. Mol. Biol. 1970, 48, 443-453.\n31. Goonesekere. N.C.W.: Lee, B. Frequency of gaps observed in a structurally aligned protein pair\ndatabase suggests a simple gap penalty function. Nucleic Acids Res. 2004, 32, 2838–2843.\n32. Madhusudhan, M.S.; Marti-Renom, M.A.; Sanchez, R.; Sali, A. Variable gap penalty for protein\nsequence-structure alignment. Protein Eng. Des. Sel. 2006, 19, 129-133.\n33. Chen, L.; Wu, L.Y; Wang, Y.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, X.S. Revealing divergent evolution, identifying\ncircular permutations and detecting active-sites by protein structure comparison. BMC Struct. Biol.\n2006, 6, 18.\n34. Salem, S.; Zaki, M.J.; Bystroff, C. FlexSnap: Flexible non-sequential protein structure alignment.\nAlgorithms Mol. Biol. 2010, 5, 12.\n35. Schmidt-Goenner, T.; Guerler, A.; Kolbeck, B.; Knapp, E.W. Circular permuted proteins in the\nuniverse of protein folds. Proteins 2010, 78, 1618-1630.\n36. Poleksic, A. On complexity of protein structure alignment problem under distance constraint.\nIEEE/ACM Trans. Comput. Biol. Bioinform. 2012, 9, 511-516.\n37. Shibberu, Y.; Holder, A.; Lutz, K.\nFast Protein Structure Alignment;\nLNCS (LNBI).\nSpringer-Verlag: Berlin/Heidelberg, Germany, 2010; Volume 6053, pp. 152-165.\n38. Homepage of SWIG. Available online: www.swig.org (accessed on 22 October 2013).\n39. Cock, P.J.A.: Antao, T.; Chang, J.T.; Chapman, B.A.; Cox, C.J.: Dalke, A.; Friedberg, I:\nHamelryck, T.; Kauff, F: Wilczynski, B.; de Hoon, M.J.L. Biopython: Freely available\nPython tools for computational molecular biology and bioinformatics. Bioinformatics 2009,\n25, 1422-1423.\n40. Andreeva, A.; Howorth, D.; Chandonia, J.M.; Brenner, S.E.; Hubbard, T.J.P; Chothia, C.;\nMurzin, A.G. Data growth and its impact on the SCOP database: New developments. Nucleic\nAcids Res. 2008, 36, D419-D425.\n41. Andreeva, A.; Murzin, A.G. Structural classification of proteins and structural genomies: New\ninsights into protein folding and evolution. Acta Crystallogr. Sect. F Struct. Biol. Cryst. Commun.\n2010, 66, 1190-1197.\n42. Conte, L.L.: Ailey, B.; Hubbard, T.J.: Brenner, S.E.; Murzin, A.G.; Chothia, C. SCOP: A structural\nclassification of proteins database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000, 28, 257-259.\n43. Ritchie, D.W.; Ghoorah, A.W.; Mavridis, L.; Venkatraman, V. Fast protein structure alignment\nusing Gaussian overlap scoring of backbone peptide fragment similarity. Bioinformatics 2012,\n28, 3274-3281.\n44. Delano. W.L. The PYMOL Molecular Graphics System; DeLano Scientific: San Carlos, CA, USA,\n2002.\n45. The chain dlfvqa, which is copper-transporting ATPase, has a single model and no B-factor. Hence,\nthis chain was constant throughout the study.\n",
"© 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article\ndistributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license\n(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).\n"
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"ejection may be beneficial for studies that require rapid\npreservation or utilization of tissue. On the other\nhand, laminectomy remains the method of choice for\nsmall studies without time constraints, and whenever\nperipheral structures (e.g. nerve roots) are to be\nрreserved.\n",
"Acknowledgement\n",
"The authors would like to acknowledge Claire Le\nPichon and Hilda Solanoy for technical consultation,\nMarjie Van Hoy and Robin Taylor for support and\nencouragement, and Adam R. Kennedy for helpful\ndiscussions.\n",
"References\n",
"Meikle ADS. Martin AH. A rapid method tor removal of the\nspinal cord. Stain Technol. 1981:56:235-7.\n2 Begum F. Zhu w. Namaka MP. Frost EE. A Dovl\ndecalcification method for adult rodent bone for histological\nanalysis of peripheral-central nervous system connections.\nI Neurosci Methods 2010;187:59-66.\n3 Kennedy HS. Puth F. Van Hoy M. Le Pchon C. A method for\nremoving the brain and spinal cord as one unit from adult mice\nand rats. Lab Anim. 2011;40:53-7.\n4 Yaksh TL, Harty GJ. Simple method for rapid removal of rat\nspinal cord. Brain Res Bull. 19816:449-50.\n3 Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources. Guide for the Care\nand Use of Laboratory Animals. Washington, DC: National\nAcademy Press; 1996.\n6 Portiansky EL, Nishida F, Barbeito CG, Gimeno El, Goya\nRG. Increased number of neurons in the cervical spinal cord of\naged female rats. PLOS One 67ke22537.\n"
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"from human embryanic stem cell-derived asteogenic cells\nin poly(d.l-lactic-co-glycolic acidyhydroxyapatite com-\nposite scaffolds. Biomaterials 2008; 29: 1043-1053.\n232. Nuschke A, Rodrigues M, Rivera J, et al. Epidermal growth\nfactor tethered to -tricalcium phosphate bone scaffolds via\na high-affinity binding peptide enhances survival of human\nmesenchymal stromal cells'multipotent stromal cells in an\nimmune-competent parafascial implantation assay in mice.\nStem Cells Transl Med 2016; 5: 365-374.\n233. Romero R, Travers JK, Asbury E, et al. Combined deliv-\nery af FGF-2, TGF-BI, and adipose-derived stem cells\nfrom an engineered periosteum to a critical-sized mouse\nfemur defect. Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 1405: 900-911.\n234. Raghavendran HRB, Mohan S, Genasan K, et al.\nSynergistic interaction af platelet derived growth factor\n(PDGF) with the surface of PLLA/Col/HA and PLLA\nHA scaffolds produces rapid asteogenic differentiatioan.\nColloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 139: 68-78.\n235. Liu T, Zhang X, Luo Y, et al. Slowly delivered icariin/\nallogeneic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal\ncells to promote the healing of calvarial critical-size bone\ndefects. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016: 1416047.\n236. Wadagaki R, Mizuno D. Yamawaki-Ogata A, et al\nOsteogenic induction of bone marrow-derived stromal\ncells on simvastatin-releasing, biodegradable, nano- to\nmicroscale fiber scaffolds. Ann Biomed Eng 2011; 39:\n1872-1881.\n237. Peng S, Gao D, Gao C, et al. MicroRNAs regulate signal-\ning pathways in osteogenic differentiation af mesenchymal\nstromal cells (Review). Mol Med Rep 2016; 14: 623-629.\n238. Pezzoli D and Candiani G. Non-viral gene delivery strate-\ngies for gene therapy: a \"ménage à trios\" among nucleie\nacids, materials, and the biological environment: stimuli-\nresponsive gene delivery vectors. J Nanoparticle Res\n2013: 15: 1523.\n239. Mencia Castaño 1, Curtin CM, Duffy GP, et al. Next\ngeneration bone tissue engineering: non-viral miR-133a\ninhibition using collagen-nanohydroxyapatite scaffolds\nrapidly enhances ostengenesis. Sei Rep 2016; 6: 27941.\n240. Pan T, Song W, Ciao H, et al. MiR-29b-loaded gold nano-\nparticles targeting to the endoplasmic reticulum for syner-\ngistic promotion of osteogenic differentiation. ACS Appl\nMater Interfaces 2016; 8: 19217-19227,\n241. Liu X, Zeng B und Zhang C. Osteogenic and angiogenic\neffects of mesenchymal stromal cells with co-transfected\nhuman Ang-l gene and BMP2 gene. Biotechnol Lett 2011;\n33: 1933-1938.\n242. Hsiao H-Y, Yang S-R, Brey EM, et al. Hydrogel deliv-\nery of mesenchymal stromal cell-expressing bone mor-\nphogenetic protein-2 enhances bone defect repair. Plast\nReconstr Surg Glob Open 2016; 4: e838.\n",
"ing of chordin improves BMP-2 effects on osteogenic dif-\nferentiation of human adipose tissue-derived stromal cells.\nTissue Eng Part A 2014; 20; 335-345.\n244. Sandvig I, Gadjanski I, Vlaski M, et al. Strategies to\nenhance implantation and survival of stem cells after their\ninjection in ischemic neural tissue. Stem Cells Dev 2017;\n26: 554-565.\n245. Rosová I, Dao M, Capoccia B, et al. Hypoxic precondi-\ntioning results in increased motility and improved thera-\npeutic potential of human mesenchymal stromal cells.\nStem Cells 2008; 26: 2173-2182.\n246. Ravichandran A, Lim J, Chong MSK, et al. In vitro cyclic\ncompressive loads potentiate early osteagenic events\nin engineered bone tissue. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl\nBiomater. Epub ahead of print 16 August 2016. DOI:\n10.1002/jbm.b.33772.\n247. Bancroft GN, Sikavitsas VI, van den Dolder J, et al. Fluid\nflow increases mineralized matrix deposition in 3D per-\nfusion culture of marrow stromal osteoblasts in a dose-\ndependent manner. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2002: 99:\n12600-12605.\n248. Filipowska J, Reilly GC and Osyczka AM. A single\nshort session of media perfusian induces osteogenesis\nin HBMSCS cultured in porous scaffolds, dependent on\ncell differentiation stage. Biotechnol Bioeng 2016; 113:\n1814-1824\n249. De Peppo GM, Vunjak-Novakovic G and Marolt D.\nCultivation of human bone-like tissue from pluripotent\nstem cell-derived ostengenic progenitors in perfusion bio-\nreactors. Methods Mol Biol 2013: 1202: 173-184.\n250. Lovati AB, Lopa S, Recordati C, et al. In vivo bone forma-\ntion within engineered hydroxyapatite scaffolds in a sheep\nmodel. Calcif Tisue Int 2016; 99: 209-223.\n251. Rumiński S, Ostrowska B. Jaroszewicz J. et al. Three-\ndimensional printed polycaprolactone-based scaffolds\nprovide an advantageous environment for osteogenic dif-\nferentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells. I Tissue\nEng Regen Med. Epub ahead of print 6 September 2016.\nDOI: 10.1002/term.2310.\n252. Bilousova G. Jun DiH, King KB, et al. Osteoblasts derived\nfrom induced pluripotent stem cells form calcified struc-\ntures in scaffolds both in vitro and in vivo. Stem Cells\n2011; 29: 206-216.\n253. Binder BYK, Genetos DC and Leach JK. Lysophosphatidic\nacid protects human mesenchymal stromal cells from dif-\nferentiation-dependent vulnerability to apoptosis. Tissue\nEng Part A 2014; 20: 1156-1164.\n254. Von der Hlaar K, Lavrentieva A, Stahl F, et al. Lost\nsignature: progress and failures in in vivo tracking of\nimplanted stem cells. Appl Microbial Biotechnol 2015;\n99: 9907-992\n"
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"thalami. The strikingly selective involvement of the\nposterior border of the precentral gyrus is more\ncommonly described in cases of amyotrophic lateral\nsclerosis in relation to upper motor neurone degener-\nation, where iron deposition has been inferred.\nCorticospinal tract MRI white matter changes occur-\nring in patients with fulminant hepatic failure also\noverlap in their appearance with those seen in cases\nof amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. These observations\nmight reflect a hitherto unrecognised selective\nanatomical connectivity of subcortical structures with\nthis region of the motor cortex, or a shared focal\nmetabolic susceptibility.\n",
"Contributors MRT conceived and drafted the manuscript. I. LM\nand FS edited the manuscript.\n",
"Disclaimer MRT, JJ. LM and FS report no disclasures.\n",
"Competing interests None declared.\n",
"Patient consent Ohrained.\n",
"Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer\nreviewed. This paper was reviewed by Roswell Martin, Gloucester,\nUK.\n",
"Open Access This is an Open Access article distributed in\naccordance with the rerms of the Creative Commons Atribution\n(CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix,\nadapt and build upon this work, for commercial use, provided the\noriginal work is properly cited. Seei http:/kreativecommons.org\nheenses/by/4.0\n",
"Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in\nthe text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. No commercial use\nis permitted unless otherwise expresly granted.\n",
"REFERENCES\n",
"1 Harsha KJ, Parameswaran K. Newly described additional sites of\nextrapontine myelinolysis along with typical pontine and\nextrapontine myelinolysis Newrol Imdia 2017:65:181-2.\n2 Hecht MJ, Fellner F, Fellner C, et al. Hyperintense and\nHypointense MRI signals of the Precentral gyrus and\nCorticospinal tract in ALS: a follow-up examination including\nFLAIR images. J Neuol Sci 2002:199:59-65.\n3 Costagli M, Donatelli G, Biagi L. et al. Magnetic susceptibility in\nthe deep layers of the primary motor cortex in Amyotrophic\nLateral Sclerosis, Newroimage Clin 2016;12:965-9,\n4 Turner MR. Response to: Reversible diffusion MRI aboormalities\nand transient mutism after Iiver transplantation. Newrology\n2005;64:177.\n"
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"differential mobility spectrometry. Anal Chem 2000, 78:1047-76.\n5. Shwartsburg A, LF. Tang K Smith R High-resolution field asymmetric\nwaveform moblity spectrometry using new planar geometry analyzers.\nAnai Chem 2006, 78:3706-1714\nStwartiburg A: Dfisentia' ion mobaty spectomety noninear kon transport\nand fundameneai of FANE, USA: CRC Press, 2011210.\n2 Shwartsburg A, Danieban W, Smth R High-resolution differential ion\nmobility separations using helum-rich gases Anal Chem 2010,\n82:2450-242\n1 Shwartsburg A. Smith R Accelerated high-esolution dfferential lon\nmobity separations using hydrogen. Ana' Chem 2011, 83:9159-91to\n3 Guan S. Marshal A Stacked-ring electrostatic ion guide. /Am Soc Masi\nSpecvom 1996, 7:101-108.\n1. Glig K. Ructolo 8, Staore E, Rusel D: An electrostatic lon guide for ion\nmobility-mass spectrometry. htenutonai Jouma' of Mas Spectromenry\n2004 239:43-49\n1. Km T, Taimachev A. Harkewicz R. Phior D, Andersan G, Udseth H. Smith R\nDesign and implementation of a new electrodynamic lon funnel.\nAnal Chem 2000, 722247-2253.\n2. Cobum A, Barrow M. GI M. Gannakopulos A Demick P: Electrospray\nlonization source incorporating electrodynamic ion focusing and\nconveying. Physies Proceda 200, 151-00\n1. Shoffer S. Tang K, Anderson G, Pror D, udseth H Smith R A novel ion\nfunnel for focusing lons at elevated pressure using electrospray\nlonzation mass spectrometry. Rapid Cammunicationt in Mas: Spectrometr\n1997, 11:1813-1817\n- Page L Tang K Smeh R An electrodynamic kon funnd interface for greater\nsenstivity and higher throughput with Incor ion trap mass spectrometers.\nfntenatonal koumal a Mas Specromery 2007. 205:244-20\n. Siveira Gemage C. Blasë R. Aussel D Gas-phase kon dynamics in a\nperiodic focusing DC ion guide. Internanional Joumal of Mas Specmomety\n2010, 296:36-42\n",
"Cite this article as: Tang et al: Resolution enhancement of field\nasymmetric waveform lon mobility spectrometry (FAMS) by ion\nfocusing Chemisty Centa Journol 2o13 7120\n",
"*Open access provides opportunities to our\ncolleagues in other parts of the globe, by allowing\nanyone to view the content free of charge.\"\nW Jefery Hurst The Hershey Comnan\n"
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"Experience. Cancer 117 4381-4389. (dol10.1002/cncz.26029)\n2 Modlin IM, Lye KD & Kidd M 2003 A S-decade analysis of 13,715\ncarcinoid tumors, Camcer 97 934959, (dot:10. 100e/cncr.11105)\n3 Pape U-L, Peren A. Niederle B Gross D, Gress T, Costa F, ArnoldR,\nDenecke T, Plockinger U, Salazar Ret al. 2012 ENETS Consensus\nGuideines for the management of patlents with neuroendocrine\nneoplasms from the jejuno-lleum and the appendix including goblet\ncell carcinomas. Newamdacrinalagy 95 135-156. (doi: L0.1159\n00335629)\n+ van Essen M, Sundin A, Krenning EP & Kwekkeboom DJ 2014\nNeuroendocrine tumours: the role of imaging for diagnosis and\ntherapy. Nuture Reviws. Endrnolgy 10 102-114. (doi:10.1038/\nnrendo. 2013.2461\n5 Lepage C, Bouvier AM & Faivre J 2013 Eprdemiology of malignant\ndigestive neuroendocrine tumors. Eunywan Sounal of Enlorinology 168\nR77-R83. (dol: 1O.1530/EJE-12-0418)\n6 Auernhammer g & Goke B 20LI Therapeutic strategies for advanced\nneuroendocrine carcinomas of jejunum/ileon and pancreatic origin.\nGut 60 1009-1021. (doi 10.1136/gut.20009.204453)\n7 Weber HC 2013 Medical treatment of neuroendocrine tumours. Current\nOpinion in Emierimukagy, Diabetes, and Olenity 20 27-31. (don:10.1097\nMED.OD013c12H35c34)\nS Narayanan S & Kunz PL. 2015 Role of somatostatin analogues in\nthe treatment of neuroendocrine tumors. Iownal uf the Natiomal\nComprelmiv Caner Netwrk 13 109-117.\n9 Kam BER, Teunissen J|M, Kaennning EP, de Hender WW, Khan S, van Vliet El\n& Kwekkeboom Dy 2012 Lutetium-labelled peptides tor therapy of\nnevendocrine tumours. Eopem Joumal of Nucinar Moicine and Molecnlar\nDegig 39 (Suppl 11 S103-5112. (doi101X7/V259.011-2019.y)\n10 Bodel 1, Cremonesi M, Grana CM, Chinol M, Balo SM, Severt S &\nPaganella G 2012 Yttrium-labelled peptides for therapy of NET.\nEuropean Joural of Nuclar Melicine ad Molnular Ineying 39 (Suppl 1)\nS93-5102. (doi:10.1007/s00259-011-2002-y)\nI NCCN Clinical Practice Guideines in Onoology (NCC Guidelines\nNeuroendocrine tumors, NCCN.org V 1.2015.\n12 Kaltsas G, Androulakis II, de Herder WW & Grossman AB 2010\nParaneoplastic syndromes secondary to neuroendocrine tumors.\nEndocrine Rekated Camorr 17 R173-R193, idui:10.1677/ERC-10-0024)\n13 lias I, Torpy DJ, Pacak K, Mullen M, Wesley RA & Nieman LK 2005\nCishing's syndome due to ectopic corticotropin secretion: twenty\nyears experience at the National Institutes of Health. fourmal of Clmkal\nEmdcrinology mi Metabolisw 904955-4962. (dot:10.1210/jc 2004-25271\n4 Scherübl H, Jensen RT, Cadiot G, Stolzel U& Kloppel G 2010\nNeuroendocrine tumors of the bowels are on the rise early aspects and\nmanagement. World Jowrnal of Gastrvintestinal Endosapy 2 325-334.\nedoi: 10.4253/wige.v2.i10.325)\nis SingerJ, Werner F, Koch CA, Rartels M, Aigner T, Lincke T, Fasshauer M\n& Paschke R 2010 Ectopic Cushing's syndrome caused by a well\ndifferentiated ACTH-ecreting neuroendocrine carcinoma of the ileum.\nExpevimental and Clinical Endooialog & Dalvtes 118 S24-29.\n(dol: 10.1055/s-0029-12464)\n16 Chopin-Laly X, Walter T, Hervieu V, Poncet G, Adham M, Guibal A,\nChayvialle JA, Lombard-Bohas C& Scoazec JY 2013 Neuroendocrine\nneoplasms of the jejunum: a heterogeneous group with distinctive\nproximal and distal subsets. Virckous Archhr 462 489 199.\n(dot: 10.1007/s00428-013-1411-7)\n17 kkdori AM, Kaltsas GA, Pozza C, Frajese V, Newell-Price J, Reanek RH,\nJenkins P, Monson JP, Grossman AB & Besser GM 2006 The ectopic\nadrenocortiontropin syndrome clinical features, diagnosts,\n",
"a Mefaborm 91 371-577. idos:10.1210/jc.2005-1542)\n18 Fehm HI, Voigt KH, Lang R. Beinert KE, Raptis S & Pfeiffer EF 1976\nSomatostatin: a potent inhibitor of ACTH hyper-secretion in adrenal\ninsufficiency. Klivische Wochnschrift 54 173-175. (dot:10.1007\nBE146NNN2)\n19 Lamberts SW, Uiterlinden P& Klijn JM 1989 The effect of the long-\nacting somatostatin analogue SMS 201-995 on ACTH secretion in\nNelson's syndrome ansd Cushing's disease. Acta Ensocrinologka 120\n760-766\n20 van der Hoek J, Waaljers M, van Koetsvekl PM, Sprtj-Monij D,\nFeelders RA, Schmid HA, Schoeffter P, Hoayer D, Cervia D, Taylor JE vt al.\n2005 Distinet functional properties of native somatostatin receptor\nsubtype 5 compared with subtype 2 in the regulation ot ACTH\nrelease by conticotroph tumor cells. Aerican foumal of Physialag-\nEndacrinology amd Metabulism 289 E278-E287. (dok:10.1152/aipendo.\n00004.2005)\n21 Tateno T, Kato M, Tani Y, Oyama K Yamada S& Hirata Y 2009\nDifferential expression of somatostatin and dopamme receptor subtype\ngenes in adrenocorticotropin LACTHI-socreting pituitary tumors\nand siknt cortiotroph adenomas. Endocrie Journal 56 579-584.\nidai: 10.1507/endocrj KUHE-186)\n22 Colao A, Petersenn S, Newell-Price J, Findling J. Gu F, Maldonado M,\nSchoenherr U, Mills D. Salgado LR & Biller BMK 2012 A 12-month\nphase 3 study of pasireotide in Cushing's disease. New Englaad juumal of\nMedicine 366 914-924. idoi:10.1056/NEJMoal105743)\n23 Johnbeck CB, Knigge U & Kjaer A 2014 PET tracers for somatostatin\nreceptor imaging of neuroendocrine tumors: current status and review\nof the literature. Futare Oncology 10 2259-2277. idkoi:10.2217/fon.\n14.139)\n24 Haug A, Auernhammer CJ, Wangler R, Tiling R. Schmidt G, Goke B,\nBartenstein P& Popperl G 2009 Intraindividual comparison of \"Ga\nEXOTA TATE and \"FDOPA PET in pattents with well differentiated\nmetastatic neuroendocrine tumors Europeam luurnal of Naclear Medicine\nand Molecalar Imaging 36 765-770. don:10.1007/00259-008-1030-8)\n25 Pacak K, lias I, Chen CC, Carrasquillo JA, Whatley M& Nieman LK\n2004 The role of \"Fjeuorodeoxyghacose positron emission\ntomograply and (\"'inl-diethylenetriaminepentaacetate-o-phe-\npentetreotide scintigraphy in the localization of ectopic adreno-\ncoticotropin-secreting tumors causing Cushang's syndrome. Joural of\nClinical Endocriasology amd Metnbulism 89 2214-2221. idoi:10.1210jc\n2003-031812)\n26 Zemskova MS, Gundabola B, Sinain N, Chen CC, Cartasquillo JA.\nWhatley M. Chowdhury I, Gharib AM & Nieman LK 2010 Utility af\nvarious functional and anatomic imaging modalities for detection of\nectapic adrenocarticotropin-vecreting tumos. Jounal of Clinicaf\nEndocrinology anf Metalalisu 95 1-13. (doi:10.1210/jc 2009-2282)\n27 Hoegerle S, Altehoefer C, Ghanem N, Koehler G, Waller CF, Schruebl H,\nMaser E & Nitzsche E 2001 Whole-body \"F-Dopa PET for detection of\ngastrointestinal carcinoid tumors. Radiotogy 220 373-380.\nidoi:10.1148/radiology.220.2.10lau25373)\n28 Koopmans KP, de Vries EGE, Kema IP, Elsinga PH, Needs OC, Sluiter WJ,\nVan der Horst-Schrivers ANA & Jager 11. 2006 Staging of carcinoid\ntumours with \"F-DOPA PET: a prospective, diagnostic accuracy study.\nLancet. Cwcalogy 7 728-734. idol:10.1016/S1470-20456)70801-4)\n29 Balogova S, Talbot JN, Nataf v, Michaud L, Huchet V, Kerrou K &\nMontravers F 2013 \"F-tuorodibydroxyphenytalanine vs other radio-\npharmaceuttcals for imaging neuroendocrine tumours according to\ntheir type. Eurojem fourmal of Nlear Medicine and Molecalar Ieging 40\n943-966. iloi: 10.1007/00259-013-2342-x)\n"
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"References\n",
"Acknowledgensents. Veterinariars Adrian Tordiffe and Pierre Nel provided\nskin biopsies. We thank Faysal Bibi for data and helpful discussion on\nbavid divergence date estimates Janice Britton-Davidian for generously\nsharing her expertise an mammalian meiosis, and Desire Dalton and\nConrad Matthee for comment on a previoIs draft of this manuscript.\nJan Rushworth (Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife) shared information on ante-\nlope hybridization in KwaZulu-Natal. Reinhard Gärtner provided the\nimage of the red lechwe x waterbuck hybrid, and Rudi van Aarde,\nthe red hartebeest.\n",
"ES. (fieldwork). All authors participated in data analysis, contribu-\nted to and approved the content of the final manuscript and\nacknowledge joint acountability for its content.\n",
"Competing interests. We declare we have no competing interests\n",
"Funding. Financial support from the South African National Research\nFoundation (T.J.R.) is acknowledged. Chromasome painting was con-\nducted in Prof. Jiri Rubes' laboratory supported by the Central\nEuropean Institute of Technology (CEITEC, ÉDI.1.00/02.0068) from\nEuropean Regional Development Funds.\n",
"dirburgh, UK: Cammonwealth\n1371 joumal pbio.0050243)\n10 Meidejchn (D, Tas Y. 2010 Genetic conflict\nthe nature of species empirikal evidence for the\nexe of speciation, Pht Trans. R Sor. B 363,\n2971-2986 (dei:10.1098/rab.2008. 0081)\n18. Padial M, Miralles A, De la Riva , Vences M 201\nThe integrative future of taxonomy. Frant. Zoal 7\n16. (dai 10.1186/1742-9994-7-16)\n19. Groves C, Grubb P. 2011 Uingalate lurmony\ntural Burcau.\n2013 A multi-calitrated mitochandrial\nand sex chromosome eolution. Timds\neny of extant Bovidae (Artiodactyla,\nantia) and the importance of the fosil record\nematis. BMC Eval. Biv. 13, 166. jdoi 10.\nEcel. Eral. 25, 215-223. (doi: 10.10161.tee.2009.\n10.005)\n11. LeMaire-Adkins R, Radie K, Hunt PA. 1997 Llack of\n471-2143-13-16)\nnA, Woodward G, Sechausen 0, Muñor-\nsV, Moritz C, Guelmami A, Abbott RI,\nP. 2014 Hybridiration due to changing\ndistributions: adding problems or solutions 12 Skoad CI. 1973 Zoo-historial gazettrer. Am. Cope\neration of biodiversity during glabal\nEvot Ecal. Res. 16, 475-491,\ncheckpoint cantral at the metaphase/anaphase\ntransition: a mechanism of meiotik nandkjunction\nin mammalian females. I Cal dial 139,\n1611-1619. (doi: 10.1083/jch. 139.7.1611)\nBaltimore, MD: Johns Hapkins Univenity Pres.\n20. Mallet 1. 2005 Hybridiotion an an invasion of the\ngenome. Trends Ecal. Eral 20, 229-237, (dot 10.\n1016j.tree.2005.02.010m\n21. Shurtiff OR. 2013 Mammalan hybrid zones: a\nProvincial Maseus 10, 1-259\n13. Boshoff A, Landman M, Kerky G 2015 Filing the\ngaps on the maps: histerical distribution patterns of\nseme larger mammak in part of southem Africa.\nTrans. R. Sor. S. Af. 70, 1-65. (dat10.100\nreview, Monnal Rev. 43, 1-21. (dai:10,1114\n1365-2907 2011.00005a\n22. Modley Y Bnufard MW. 2007 Melecular\nbiogeography: towards an integrated framework fa\nconserving pan African biodiversity. Plas OME 2,\n454. (doi: 10.1371/joumal. pane 0000454)\n23. Loreneen ED, Heller R, Siegismund HR. 2012\nComparative phylogeogaphy of Aftican saarmah\nungulates. Mol. Ecal 21, 3656- 3670. (dot 10.111\nj.1365-294K.2012.05650 x)\n24 Stoffel C et al. 2015 Genetic consequences of\npspulation eepansions and contractions in the\ncommon hippapotamus ippopotamus amphivius\nRet al. 2013 Hybridization and speciation.\nBiol. 26, 229-246. (doi:10.1111/j.1420-\n012.02599x)\nFC 1893 On a hytrid antelope. Proc Zanl\n0035919% 2015.108406)\n1-2\n14 Skinner D, Chimimba CT. 2005 The mammak of the\nDI, Tordiffe A, Luther I, Duran A, van Wyk\nettschneider H, Oosthuizen A, Modbu C,\nA. 2014 Interspeofic hytridiation betwren\nkudu and ryala Genetica 142, 265-271.\nSoutherm Aficon sabregion. Cambridge, UK:\nCambridge University Pres\n15. Grobler JP, Rustworth , Brink 15, Blomer P, Katre\nA Relly &, Viatimis S. 2011 Management of\nhytridiration in an endemk species decision\n1007/10709-014-9772-7)\nP et al. 2001 International system for\nmaking in the face of imperfect information in the\ncase of the blxk wildebeest-Cannochartes gnou,\nEar. A. Wikt Res. 57, 997- 1006. (doi 10.1007/\ns10344-011-0567-1\nsame nomendature of domestic bovids\n3 2000). Gtogener. Ced Genet. 92, 283-299.\nsince the Late Pleistocene. Mal Eral 24,\n2507 - 2520. (dei:10.1111/met. 13179)\n25. Rabinson TI, Harley EH 1995 Absence of geographi\nchromosomal variation in nan and sable antelop-\nand the tylagenetiks of a naturally ocauming hybie\n(ytagenet Cal Genet. 71, 16)-9. (dei: 10.1159\n115900056917)\ne JBS. 1922 Sex ratio and unsenual sterility 16 Rebinson TA, Marris DI, Fairal N. 1991 Intenpecie\nrit animak. / Genet. 12, 101- 109. (doi 10.\nFO2983075)\nJP, Presgraves DC. 2007 High-resolution\ne-wide dissection of the two rules of\nhytridiration in the Bowidae: sterilty of Atelastur\nbuselaphas x Damalicus dacas Fl progeny. Bial\nCorserv. 58, 345-356. (dei:10,1016006-3207/91)\n90100-N)\n000134140)\n",
"the nature of species empirical evidence for the\nexe of speciation. Phil. Trans. R Sor. B 363,\n2971 - 2986. (dei: 10.1088/rsth, 2008.0081)\n18. Padial M, Miralles A, De la Riva , Vences M 2010\nThe integrative future of taonomy. Frant. Zoal 7,\nR009.\nack of\n16. Idai 10.1186/1742-9994-7-16)\n19. Groves C, Grubb P. 2011 Uingulate toronony\nBaltimore, MD: kahns Hopkins Uhivenity Pres.\n20. Mallet 1. 2005 Hybridization as an invasion of the\ngenome. Trmds Ecol. Frol. 20, 229-237, (doi: 10.\n1016j tree.2005.02.010)\n21. Shurtiff OR. 2013 Mammalan hybrid zones: a\nreview. Mammal Rev. 43, 1-21. (dei:10,11114\n1365-2907 2011.0005.a\n2. Moodky X Brufard MW. 2007 Molecalar\nbiogeography: towards an integrated framework for\nconserving pan-African biodiverity. Plas OME 2,\nction\nCape\ng the\ns of\nfrica.\ne454. (doi: 10.1371.joumal, pane 00454)\n23. Lorenzen ED, Heller R Siegismund HR. 2012\nComparative phylogeogaphy of Ahican saarmah\nungưates. Mol. Ecal 21, 3656 - 3670. (doi 10.111\nof the\nKotze\nj1365-294K.2012.05650 x)\n24 Stoffel C et al. 2015 Genetic consequences of\nin the\npopulation epansions and contractions in the\ncommon hippopotamus Hippopotamus anpibin)\nsince the Late Pleistacene. Mal fcal 24,\ngnou.\n2507 - 1520. (dei: 10.1111/mec. 13179)\nprofic\n\"aphur\n25. Robinson TI, Harley EH 1995 Aboence of geogaphic\nchromomomal variation in san and sable antelope\nand the cyeogenetics of a naturally ocauming hybrid.\nCytagenet Cal Genet. 71, 36)-369. (doi: 10.1159/\n0791)\n000134140)\n",
"edn. Edinburgh, UK: Commonwealth\nAgricultural Bureau.\n13\n10 Me\nBibi F. 2013 A multi-alitrated mitochondrial\nan\nphylogeny of extant Bovidae (Artiodactyla,\nRuminantia) and the importance of the fosail ecord\nto sytematiks, AMC Eval. Blel. 13, 166. (dot10.\n1186/1471-214-13-16)\n11. Le\nch\nBrennen A, Woodward G, Sechausen 0, Muñor-\nFuentes V, Moritz C, Gueimami A, Abbett RJ,\nEdelaar P. 2014 Hybridiration due to changing\nin\n16\nspedes distributions: addng problems or sdlutions\nto conservation of biodiversity during glabal\n12. Sk\nPr\nchange Evot Ecol. Res. 16, 475-491,\nAbbatt R et al. 2013 liybridization and speciation.\nI Eval. Biol. 26, 29-246. (doi: 10.111.1420-\n13 Bo\nga\n9101.2012.02599 x)\nTro\nSelous FC 1893 On a hytrid antelope. Proc. Zaol\nSar. 1, 1-2\nDahon DI, Tordiffe A. Luther I, Duran A, wan Wyk\nAM, Brettschneider H, Oasthuizen A Modibu (,\n00\n14. Sk\nCa\nKotne A. 2014 hterspedfic hytridiration between\n15 G\ngreater kudu and ryala. Genetica 142, 265-271.\n(dai:10.1007/s10709-014-9772-7)\nhy\nCribiu EP et al. 2001 International system for\nchromosome nomendlature of domestic bovids\nca\n(ISCHDB 2000). (ytopenet. Cel Genet. 92, 283-299.\n(dai 10.1153/0001569171\nHaldane 8S. 1922 Sex ratio and unhenual sterility\n16 Ro\nin hybrid animaks. 1. Genet. 12. 101- 109. (dot 10,\nhy\n1007/BFO2983075)\nMasly JP, Presgraves DK. 2007 High resolution\nCa\n"
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"Sgourakis K. Gockel I. Lang H. Endoscopic and surgical resection\nof TlaTIb esophageal neoplasm: a systematic review, World I\nGastroenterol. 2013,19:1424-37.\n6. Araki K. Ohno S, Egashira A, Sacki H. Kawaguchi H. Sugi-\nmachi K. Pathologic features of superficial esophageal squamous\ncell carcinoma with lymph node and distal metastasis. Cancer.\n2002:94:570-5.\n7. Eguchi T. Nakanishi Y. Shimoda T. Iwasaki M. Igaki H, Tachi-\nmori Y, et al. Histopathological criteria for additional treatment\nafter endoscopic macosal resection for esophageal cancer analy-\nsis of 464 surgically resected cases. Mod Pathol. 2006; 19:475\n- 80.\n8. Akutsu Y. Uesato M, Shato K. Kono T, Hoshino I, Horibe D, et al.\nThe overall prevalence of metastasis in TI esophageal squamous\ncell carcinoma. A retrospective analysis of 295 patients. Ann Surg.\n2013:257:1032-8.\n9. Yamashita T, Ishida R. Nagai K. Matsuura N, Matsui F. Ito T.\net al. Long-term outcome and metastatic risk after endoscopie\nresection of superticial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Am\nJ Gastroenterol. 2013;108 544 - 51.\n10. Kato H, Tachimori Y. Mizubuchi S, Igaki H. Ochiai A. Cervical\nmediastinal, and abdominal lymph node dissection (there-field\ndissection) for superficial carcinoma of the thoracie esophagus\nCancer. 1993:72:2779-82.\n11. Kato H, Sato A, Fukuda H, Kagami Y, Udagawa H. Togo A.\net al. A phase II trial of chemoradiotherapy for stage I esopha-\ngeal squamous cell carcinomu: Japan Clinical Oncology Group\n(ICOG9708). Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2009,39:638 – 43.\n12. Ikeda A, Hoshi N, Yoshizaki T. Fujishima Y, Ishida T. Morita Y.\net al. Endoscopic sabmucosal dissection (ESD) with additional\ntherapy for superficial esophageal cancer with submucosal inva-\nsion. Intern Med. 2015:54:2803-12.\n13. Japan Esophageal Society. Japanese Classification of esophageal\ncancer, Eleventh edition. Esophagus. 2017:14:1-36.\n14. Kurokawa Y. Manabu M. Keiko M, Boku N, Fukuda H. Japan\nClinical stage I esophageal carcinoma: Japan Clinical Oncology\nGroup Study JCOGSO8. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2009:39:686-9.\n15. Clavien PA. Barkin J, de Oliveria ML., Vauthey IN, Dindo D.\nSchulick RD, et al. The Clavien-Dindo classification of surgical\ncomplication: five-year experience. Ann Surg. 2009:250: 187 – 96.\n",
"16. National Cancer Institute. Common Terminology Criteria for\nadverse Events v, 4.0. Available from: bapietep.cancer gowformis\nCTCAPV4.0. pdf. Accessed 2 Feb 2015.\n17. Motoyama S, Jin M, Matsuhashi T, Nanjo H, Ishiyama K, Sto Y.\net ul. Outcomes of patients receiving additional esophagectomy\nafter endoscopic resection for clinically macosal, but pathologi-\ncally submucosal, squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus.\nSurg Today 201343-638-42\n18. Rice TW, Apperson-Hansen C, DiPaola LM. Semple ME. Lerut\nTE, Orringer MB, et al. Worldwide esophageal cancer collabora-\ntion: clinical staging data. Dis Esophagus. 2016,7:707-14.\n19. Igaki H, Kato H, Tachimori Y, Daiko H, Fakaya M. Yajima S.\net al. Clinicopathologic characteristics and survival of patients\nwith clinical Stage I squamous cell carcinoma of the thoracie\nesophagus treated with three-field lymph node dissection. Eur J\nCardiothorac Surg. 2001:20: 1089-94.\n20. Sacki H, Watanabe M. Mine S. Shigaki H, Oya S, Ishiyama A.\net al. Esophagectomy for superficial esophageal cancer after non-\ncurative endoscopic resection. I Gastroenterol. 2015:50:406-13.\n21. Nako Y, Shiozaki A. Fujiwara H, Konishi H. Kosuga T, Morimura\nR. et al. Esophagectomy after endsocopic submucosal dissection.\nGan To Kagaku Ryoho. 2014:41:1997-9.\n22. Morita M. Yoshida R. Ikeda K. Egashira A. Oki E, Sadanaga N,\net al. Advances in esophageal cancer surgery in Japan: an analysis\nof 1000 consecutive patients treated at a single institute, Surgery.\n2008; 143:499-508.\n23. McLoughlin JM, Lewis LM. Meredith KL. The impact of age on\nmorbidity following esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. Can-\ncer Control. 2013:20:144-50.\n24. Walters DM, McMurry TL, Isbell JM, Stukenborg GJ. Kozo-\nwer BD. Understanding mortality as a quality indicator after\nesophagectamy. Ann Thorac Surg. 2014:98:506-12.\n25. Mamidanna R. Bottle A, Aylin P. Faiz O. Hanna GB. Short-term\noutcomes following open versus minimally invasive esophagec-\ntomy for cancer in England: a population-based national study.\nAnn Surg. 2012:255:197-203.\n"
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"Chan SS 20090 Emesgency bedside ultrasound for the diagnoss of rib\nfractures. Am J Emerg Med 27151617-620 doc10 1016 ajem. 2008.04013\n3 Budhram GR, Schmunk C 2014 Bedside utrasound AIDS dentification\nand removal of cutaneous koreign bodies a case series I Emerg Med\n472he43-e, dot 10 1016 jememed 201401.033\nM Rigpey IC, Royse AG (200m Ultrasound in triauma. Best Pract Res Cin\nAraesthesial 2331343-362\n15 Pare R. LiuR Moore Ca, Sherban T, Keleher M5 k Thomas 5. Taylor RA 12015)\nEmergency physidan focused cardic ultasound imçroves dagnoss of\nascening iortc dissection Am JEmerg Med doila1016jajem 2015 12006\n",
"Submit your manuscript to a SpringerOpen\njournal and benefit from:\n"
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"20 Devries KM, Knight L, Chld JCet ol The Good School Toolkit for reducing\nphysical violence from school staff to primary school students: a\ncluster-randomised controlled trial in Uganda. The Lancet Glob\nHealth 2015;3e378-86.\n21 Child JC, Naker D, Horton J et d. Respanding to abuse: children's\nexperiences of child protection in a central district, Liganda. Chid\nAbuse Negl 2014,38:1647-58.\n22 IPSCAN. ICAST-C: The IPSCAN Child Abuse Screening Tool-Chid\nVersion. Aurora, CO: Internotional Society for the Prevention of Child\nAbuse ond Neglect; 2006.\n23 Goldstein H. Methods in school effectiveness research. School\nEffectiveness and School Improvement 1997;8:369-95.\n24 Brooker 5, Okello G, Njogi Ket al. Improving educational ochievement\nond anaemio of school chidrent design of a cluster randomised trial of\nschool-based malaria prevention and enhanced literocy instruction in\nKenya. Trials 2010,11.93.\n25 Goldstein K Browne W, Rasbash J. Partitioning variation in multievel\nmodels. Understanding Statistics 2002:1:223-32. http://www.bristol.oc.\nuk/medio-libraryskesicmm/migrated/documents/variance partitioning.\npdf (accessed 31 December 2015).\n26 Merlo J, Chaix B, Onlsson H et at. A brief conceptual tutorial of\nmultlevel analysis in sociol epidemidlogy: using measures of\nclustering in multievel logistic regression to investigate contextual\nphenomena. J Epidemiol Community Health 2006;60:290-7.\n27 Merlo J, Chaix 8, Yang Met al. A brief conceptual tutorial of multilevel\nargivsis in social coidemiglpay: linking the statistical concept pf\n",
"clustering to the ides of contextual phenomenon J Epidemid\nCommunity Heolth 2005;59443-9.\n28 F S. Module 7: Multievel Models for Binory Responses (Conceptsl.\nLEMMA (Leorning Environment for Multilevel Methodology and\nApplications): Bristol, UK: Centre for Multilevel Madeling, University\nof Bristol: 2009.\n29 Merlo J, Chaix B, Yang M et ol. A brief conceptual tutorial on multilevel.\nanalysis in social epidemiology interpreting neighbourhood\ndifferences and the effect of neighbourhood charocteristics on\nindividuol heolth. J Epidemiol Community Health 2005,59:1022-9.\n30 Brodshaw C, Sowyer A O'Brennan L. A social disorganization perspective\non bullying-reloted attitudes and behaviors the influence of school\ncontext. Am J Community Psychol 2009;43:204-20.\n31 Sellstram E, Bremberg S. Is there a \"schaol effect\" on pupil autcomes?\nA review of multikevel studies. J Epidermiol Community Health\n2006,60:149-55.\n32 Ogando Portela MJ. Corporal Punishment in Schools Longitudind\nEvidence from Ethiapia, India, Peru and Viet Nam. Innocenti\nDiscussion Paper. Florence, Italy: UNICEF, 2015.\n33 UNICEF. Violence ogainst Chidren in Tanzanic Findings from a\nNational Survey, 2009. Summary Report on the Prevalence of Sexud,\nPhysicol and Emotional Vialence, Context of Sexual Vialence, and\nHealth and Behovioural Cansequences of Viclence Experienced in\nChildhood. Dar es Saloam, Tanzania: UNICEF Tanzaria, Conters for\nDisease Contral and Prevention, and Muhimbili University af Health\nand Allied Sciences; 2011.\n"
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"of MHC-CDS interaction at the Tcell membrane.\nlmranol. 2007179(1)3653-7662.\ns. Winter G, Lobley CM, Prince SM. Decision mak-\ning in xia2. Acta Crystalisgy DBiel Crystalogr.\n2013,69(pt 7):1260-1273.\n76. Dodson EJ, Winn M, Ralph A. Collaborative\nComputational Projea, number 4: providing\nprograms for protein crystallography. Methods\nEnzymol. 1997,277:6z0-631.\n7. McCoy AJ, Grosse-Kunstleve RW, Adams PD,\nWinn MD, Storoni LC, Read RJ. Phaser erystallo\ngraphic software. JAppCrystallogr. 2007,\n40fpt 4):658-674.\n8. Emdey P, Cowtan K. Coot model-building tods\nfor molecular graphics. Acta Crystalegy D Bil\nCrystalay, 20046oipt 12 pt 1).2126-2132.\n9. The PYMOL Molecular Graphics System, Version\n1.8 Schrodinger, LLC.\n0. Szomolay R, et al. Identification of human viral\nprotein-derived ligands recogniaed by individ-\nualmajor histocompatibility complex dlassI\n"
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"6. She, Z W. et al Two dimensional layered transition metal disulphides for\neffective encapsulation of high-capacity Inhium sulphide cathodes, Nat.\nCommun 5, 5017 (2014).\n7. Romo-Herrera, J. M., Terrones, M. Terrenes, H. Dag, S. & Meuniet, V.\nCovalent 2D and 3D networks from ID anostructures: designing new\nmatenak. Nanu Lett 7, 570-576 (2007).\n& Lv, R. Cra-Silva, E & Terrones, M. Building complex hybrid carbon\narchitectures by covalent interconnections graphene-nanotube hybrada and\nmore. ACS Nano 8, 4061-4069 (2014)\n9. Vatamana, 1. Hu, Z. Bedrov, D. Perez,C& Gogotsi. Y. Increasing\nenergy storage in ekectrochemical capacitors with ionic liqund electrolytes\nand nanostractured carbon electrodes. J. Phys. Chem Lett, 4. 2829-2837\n(2013)\na. Andreas, H. A. Self discharge in eectrochemical capacitors a perspective\nartide. I Electrochem, Soc. 162, AS047-ASO53 (2015).\n1. Shi H. Activated carbons and double kaper capacitanoe. Blectrochim. Arta 41,\n1633-1639 (1996)\n2 Frackowisk, E, Metenser, K. Bertagna, V. & Beguin, E. Supertapacitar\nelectrodes from multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Appl. Phys. Lett. 77,\n2421-2423 (2000)\n3. Zheng. I. P. Crgan. P. 1& Jone, T. R. Hydrous ruthenium oxide as an\ndectrode material for ekctrodhemical capacitors. J. Elatrochem. Sac 142.\n2699-2703 (1995).\n4. Okubo, M. et al Nanosize effect on high-rate Li-on intercalation in LiCoO,\nelectrode. /. Am, Chrm. Sor 129, 7444-7452 (2007).\n5. Xia, Y. et al. Sell-sembly af self-limiting monodisperse supraparticles from\npolydisperse nanoparticles. Nat. Nanotachnal 6, 580-587 (2011).\n6 Dal'Agnese, Y. et al High capacitance of surface-modified 20 titanium\ncarbide in acidic ekectrolyte. Eketrochem. Commun, 48, 118-122 (2014).\n7. Tazi, S. et al A translerable ab initio hased force field for aquenus ions\n1. Chem Phya 136, 114507 (2012).\ns. Rotenberg. B. Patel, A. 1. & Chandler, D. Molecular explanation for why talc\nsurfaces can be both hydrophilic and hydrophobs . Am. Chem Soc 133,\n20521-20527 (2011)\n. Dahirei, V, Jardat, M., Dufreche, J-F. & Tuny, P. New cearse graining\nprocedure for the dynamics of charged spherical nanopartides in salution.\n",
"0. Cheng, L et al Accelerating electrolyte discovery for energy storage with\nhogh-throughput screening I Phys. Chem. Lett. 6, 283-291 (2015)\n",
"Acknowledgements\n",
"We thank our collagues, especially Prof. Patrice Simon (Pal Salbatier Universiky,\nToulome, Pranoe). Dr Michelle Buchanan (Oak Ridge National laboratory\nProf. M. Stanley Whittinghanm (SUNY Binghambon) and Prof. Hector Abrunu (Cornel\nUniversity), our gradute and poit-doctoeate studants for numerous discussions that\nhelped us to formulate many of the ideas outlined in the review. Our collsboration whie\nunting this neew was supported by the Office of Electnaty Delvery and Energr\nReliablity, Enegy Starage Syatema Program, theragh Sandia National Laboraluria\nY.G. and ML. were also suppoeted as piet of the Fluid laterface Reactions, Stracture\nand Transport (FIRST) Center, an Energ Frontier Rescarch Center funded by the US.\nDepartment uf Energy, Officr of Scince and Office of Bai Energy Scikncen RD. was\nalso suppoeted s part of the Nutoitructures for Elorical Energy Storage (NEESI, an\nEnergy Erantier Besearch Cemer fundod by the US. Department of Enengy. Office of\nSciemos. Konie Energy Sdenon under Award mumber DESCO160.\n",
"Additional information\n",
"Competing financial intersta: The authors delare no ampeting fiancial interet\n",
"Reprints and permission information is available online at htpupg nature.com/\nprintsandpermisin\n",
"How to cite this artick: Lukalskaya M.R at al. Muhilimemakonal matenals ane\ndevice ardhitectuees for future hybrid energy stotage. Nat. Camun. 7:12647\ndot 10.1038/noomms12617 (2016).\n",
"This work & Bicensed under a Creative Commeons Attribution 40\nInternational License. The images ur other thand party mikerial in ths\nartkle are incladed in the aeticke's Crostive Comenons lkense, unless indicated otherwise\nin the credit line, if dhe material is not inluded under the Creative Commons licetse,\nuers will neod to obain permision from the beense holder to reproduce the miterial\nTo view a copy of this licenie, visit hapelicreativecommons.orglicenies/by/4.8\n"
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"study, statiszical analyss and revisirng of the manusoipt. All authors read\nand approved the final manuscript.\n",
"Published: 30 April 2012\n",
"lecifopiysioogical\nmuscle scan. Musce Nerve 2007, 36136-446\nHenderson RD, Ridal GA, Petit AN, McCombe PA, Dasbe R The\nstimulus-response curve and motor unit variablity in normal subjects\nand subjects with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Muicie Nerve 2006.\n34:34-43\nHidal PG, Perin AN, Henderson RD, MCombe PA Motor unit number\nestimation-a Bayesian approach. Bometics 2006, 62:1235-1250\nBostock H The strength-duration relationship for excitation of\nmyelnated nerve: computed dependence on membrane parameters\nIPysia 1981, 341:59-74\nWels G Sur la possibine de rendre comparables entre eux les appareiks\nservant a l'excitation electrique. Archu tal Biol 1901, 35:413-446\nBurke D, Kloman MC, Bostock H Excitability of human anons.\nC Neuroprnyricl 2001, 112:1575-1585\nSriwatarakul K, Kelvie W, Lasagna L, Calmim JF, Weis OF, Mehta G Studies\nwith different types of visual analog scales for measurement of pain.\nCin Phamacol Ther 1983, 34234-238\nvar Ck G van der Hoeven Bl, van der Hoeven H Repetitive nerve\nstimulation: effects of recording site and the nature of\npseudofacilitation'. Cin Neurophysiol 2000, 111:1411-1418\nAsawa T, Shirdo M Momoi H Compound muscle action potentials during\nrepetitive nerve stimulation. Muscie Nerve 2004, 29:/24-728.\n1. Baumarn F, Henderson RD. Tremayne F. Hutchinsan N. McCombe PA\nEffects of prolonged repetitive stimulation of median, ulnar and\nperoneal nerves. Musce tlerve 2010, 41:a5-93\n1 Kossev A Gentchev N. Gydkov A Gerasimeriko Y, Ovistova P. The effect of\nmuscle fiber length change on motor units potertiak propagation\nvelocity. Electromyogr Cen ieorophysiol 1992, 32287-294,\n2. Trontedj M. Mascde fber conduction velocity changes with length.\nMusce Neve 1993, 16:506-512\n1. Masthuis EM Drenthen , Viser GH, Blok H Reproducitility of the CMAP\nscan Bectomogr Kineval 2010, 21:433-437.\n",
"Cite this article as: Maathuis ef al Optimal stimulation settings for\nCMAP scan registrations. Joumal af brachial Plenn and Perpheral Nerve\nhuy 2012 24\n",
"Submit your next manuscript to BioMed Central\nand take full advantage of:\n",
"Convenient online submission\n",
"• No space constraints or color figure charges\n",
"Immediate publication on acceptance\n"
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"imply that the ERK and Akt pathways have opposing functions\nin AGE-induced autophagy: the ERK pathway positively regu-\nlates autophagy whereas the Akt pathway negatively regulates\nautophagy. However, since we could not exclude the possibility\nthat other signaling pathways participate in autophagy, further\ninvestigation is needed. We also found that RNAI of RAGE\nin VSMCS inhibited AGE-induced ERK and LC3-Il activity\nand recovered Akt activity. These findings further underscore\nthe importance of the interaction between AGES and RAGE in\nAGE-induced autophagy.\n",
"In summary, our studies demonstrate that AGES could induce\nproliferation of VSMCS through mechanisms involving regula-\ntion of autophagy through the ERK and Akt signaling pathways.\nThis suggests that regulating the AGES-RAGE-autophagy\npathway can attenuate proliferation of VSMCS and therefore may\nreduce the development of atherosclerosis in diabetic patients.\nFurther studies are needed to dissect the relationship between\nAGES and autophagy in animal models and to explore possible\ndrug-targeting methods to regulate this pathway.\n",
"Acknowledgements\n",
"This work was supported by grants from the Administration\nof Traditional Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province\n(2008CA062, P.L. Lu) and the National Natural Science\nFoundation of China (81100159, D.W. Lai). The rescarch was\nperformed in the Biomedical Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw\nHospital, Zhejiang University school of Medicine, Hangzhou.\n",
"References\n",
"1. Yamagishi S. Takeuchi M, Inagaki Y. Nakamura K and\nImaizumi T: Role of advanced glycation end products (AGES)\nand their receptor (RAGE) in the pathogenesis of diabetic micro-\nangiopathy. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 23: 129-134, 2003.\n2. Kilhovd BK. Berg TJ, Birkeland KI, Thorsby Pand Hanssen KF:\nSerum kvels of advanced glycation end products are increased\nin patients with type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease.\nDiabetes Care 22: 1543-1548, 1999.\n3. Barkovic DP, Soro-Paavonen A and Jandeleit-Dahm KA: RAGE\nbiology, atherosclerosis and diubetes. Clin Sci (Lond) 121: 43-5.\n2011.\n4. Dzau VJ, Braun-Dullacus RC and Sedding DG: Vascular prolif-\neration and atherosclerosis: New perspectives and therapeutie\nstrategies. Nat Med 8 1249-1256, 20X02.\n5. Sakata N, Meng J und Takebayashi S: Effects of advanced\nglycation end products on the proliferation and fibronectin\nproduction of smooth muscle cells. Atheroscler Thromb 7:\n169-176, 2000.\n6. Bucciarelli LG, Wendt T. Qu W, et al: RAGE blockade stabilizes\nestablished atherosclerosis in diabetic apolipoprotein E-null\nmice. Circulation 106: 2827-2835, 2002.\n7. Bu DX, Rai V. Shen X, et al: Activation of the ROCKI branch\nof the transforming growth factor-beta pathway contributes to\nRAGE-dependent acceleration of atherosclerosis in diabetic\nApoE-null mice. Cire Res 106: 1040-1051, 2010.\n8. Klionsky DJ: Autophagy: from phenomenology to molecular\nunderstanding in less than a decade. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 8:\n931-937, 2007.\n9. Yorimitsu Tand Klionsky DJ: Autophagy: molecular machinery\nfor self-eating. Cell Death Differ 12 (Suppl 2): 1542-1552, 2005.\n0. Mizushima N and Yoshimori T: How to interpret LC3 immunob-\nkotting. Autophagy 3: 542-545, 2007,\n1. Martinet W. Schrijvers DM. Timmermans JP and Bult H:\nInteractions between cell death induced by statins and 7-keto-\ncholesterol in rabbit aorta smooth muscle cells. Br J Pharmacol\n154: 1236-1246, 2008.\n",
"and autophagy. Antioxid Redox Signal 8: 152-162, 2006.\n13. Heymann D Autophagy: A protective mechanism in response to\nstress and inflammation. Curr Opin Investig Drugs 7: 443-450,\n2006.\n14. Codogno P. Pattingre S and Bauvy C: Amino acids interfere with\nthe ERKI/2-dependent control of macroautophagy by control-\nling the activation of Raf-1 in human colon cancer HT-29 cells. J\nBiol Chem 278: 16667-16674. 2003.\n15. Chiu HW, Ho SY. Guo HR and Wang YJ: Combination treatment\nwith arsenic trioxide and irradiation enhances autophagic effects\nin U118-MG cells through increased mitotic arrest and regula-\ntion of PI3K/Akt and ERKI/2 signaling pathways. Autophagy 5:\n472-483, 2009.\n16. Hou FF. Chertow GM, Kay J, et at: Interaction between beta\n2-microgkobulin and advanced glycation end products in the\ndevelopment of dialysis related-amyloidosis. Kidney Int 51:\n1514-1319, 1997.\n17. Mitsiades CS. Mitsiades N. Poulaki V, er al Activation of\nNF-kappaB and upregulation of intracellular anti-apoptotic\nproteins via the IGF-1Akt signaling in human multiple myeloma\ncells: therapeutic implications. Oncogene 21: 5673-5683, 2002.\n18. Creager MÅ, Goldin A. Beckman JA and Schmidt AM: Advanced\nglycation end products - Sparking the development of diabetic\nvascular injury. Circulation 114: 597-605, 2006.\n19. Yoon YW, Kang TS, Lee BK. er al: Pathobiological role of\nadvanced glycation endproducts via mitogen-activated protein\nkinase dependent pathway in the diabetic vasculopathy. Exp Mol\nMed 40: 398-406, 2008.\n20. Kawano M. Koshikawa T, Kanzaki T. Morisaki N, Saito Y and\nYoshida S: Diabetes mellitus induces accelerated growth of\naortic smooth musele cells: association with overexpression of\nPDGF beta-receptors. Eur J Clin Invest 23: 84-90, 1993.\n21. Taniguchi N, Kaneto H. Asahi M. er of Involvement of glycation\nand oxidative stress in diabetic macroangiopathy. Diabetes 45\n(Suppl 3): 81-83, 1996.\n22. Basta G, Lazzerini G, Del Turco S. Ratto GM, Schmidt AM and\nDe Caterina R: At least 2 distinct pathways generating reactive\noxygen species mediate vascular cell adhesion molecule-1\ninduction by advanced glycation end products. Arterioscler\nThromb Vase Biol 25: 1401-1407, 2005.\n23. Xu B. Chibber R. Ruggiero D. Kohner E, Ritter J and Ferro A:\nImpairment of vascular endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity\nby advanced glycation end products. FASEB J'17: 1289-1291.\n2003,\n24. Miyata T, Hori 0, Zhang J. et at: The receptor for advanced\nglycation end products (RAGE) is a central mediator of the inter-\naction of AGE-betažmicroglobulin with human mononuclear\nphagocytes via an oxidant-sensitive pathway. Implications for\nthe pathogenesis of dialysis-related amyloidosis. JČlin Invest 98:\n1088-1094, 1996.\n25. Yamamoto Y, Yamagishi S. Hsu CC and Yamamoto H: Advanced\nglycation endproducts-receptor interactions stimulate the growth\nof human pancreatic cancer cells through the induction of\nplatelet-derived growth factor-B. Biochem Biophys Res Commun\n222: X00-705, 1996.\n26. Shintani Tand Klionsky DJ: Autophagy in health and disease: a\ndouble-edged sword. Seience 306: 990-995, 2004.\n27. Kockx MM, De Meyer GR, Buyssens N. Knaapen MW, Bult H\nand Herman AG: Cell composition, replication, and apoptosis in\natherosclerotic plaques after 6 months of cholesterol withdrawal.\nCirc Res 83: 378-387, 1998.\n28. Lander HM. Tauras JM, Ogiste JS. Hori O, Moss RA and\nSchmidt AM: Activation of the receptor for advanced glycation\nend products triggers a p21(ras)-dependent mitogen-activated\nprotein kinase pathway regulated by oxidant stress. J Biol Chem\n272: 17810-17814. 1997.\n29. Huttunen HJ, Fages C and Rauvala H: Receptor for advanced\nglycation end products (RAGE)-mediated neurite outgrowth and\nactivation of NF-kappa B require the cytoplasmic domain of the\nreceptor but different downstream signaling pathways. J Biol\n"
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"2. OCalaghan Ni, Toden S. Bird AR Topping DL, Ferech M. Conon MA\nColonocyte telomere shortening is greater with dietary Ied meat than\nwhite meat and is attenuated by resistant starch. Cinical nutition\n(Edinburgh, Scotlandi 201231:00-4\n3. Toden 5, Bird AR, Topping DL, Conion MA. Hgh sed meat dets induce\ngreater rumbers of colanic DNA double-sand breaks than white mear\nin rats attenuation by high-amylose maie starch. Cacirogenesik.\n2007,282355-62\n4: Gking MMI Frinsen F, de Kok, Theo M Gokbohm AR Schouren u de\nBruine, Adisan P. van Engeland M van den Brindt, Piet A de Goej Anton\nFPM Wejerberg MP. Dietary heme iron and the risk of cokrectal cancer\nwith specitik mrations in KRAS and APC Carcinogeresis. 2013:342757-66\nS. Hogervorst GF, de Brujn-Geraets D. Schouten LU van Engelord M Theo\nMCM, Goidbohem RA, wan den Brart, Pet A Wejmberg MP. Detaty\noylamide intake ind the ok of colorectal cancer with specfic mutations\nin KRAS and APC Cordnogenesis. 2014361032-6\nM. Ghing AMI, Berndt SL Auder EH Graubard B Ferrucci LM Burdett L,\nWeisfeld , Cos Al Sinha R. Meotelated mutagen esposure, venobiatik\ninetabolizing gene polymorphims and the rsk of adhanced colorectal\nadenoma ond carcer. Carcnogeness. 201233:1332-9\nMourouti N Kontogianni MD, Faponigelis C. Plytzanopoulou P,\nVassilakou T. Paltopoulou T, Malamos N. LUnos A Panagiotakos DR\nMeat consumption and breast cancer a case-comtral study in women\nMeir Sci 2015100 195-201.\n8. Inoue-Choi M Sinha R Gerach GL, Word MH. Red and processed meat.\nmitrte, and heme iron intakes and postmenopuusal brest cancer tisk in the\nNH-AARP Diet and Hesth Study, htemational joumal of cancet. Joumal\nintermational du cancer. 2015.\ns. Nettleton JA, Dlerfox A Jentry NG Fitzpatrick AL. Jacots DR r, Detary\npatterms, food groups, and telomere lengh in the Muti-Ethnic Study of\nAthesosderosis (MESAL, Am I Cin Nutr. 200838:1405-1412.\n0. Pizzimerti 5, Maregami E Berard D. Tealdo C, Petaczori P, MineliR\nGigkari 8. Certone A Danzani MU, Ferretti C Barera G. 4-hydroencnmal.\na lipid peroichrion product of dietary polyursaturated tatty acids, has\nanticarcinogenic properties in colon carcinoma ced ines through the\ninhitition of telomerase activity. I Nut Blochem. 201021 BI8-26\n1. ao LUQ Tan Z Carnosine recuces relomere damage and shotening\nrate in cultured norma fiboblasts Biochem Biophys Res Commun\n2004324931-6\n2. Burkert NT, Muckenhuber 1, Grolschadi F. Rasky E Freid W. Nutrition and\nhedth - the associrtion between esting behuior and varicus heath\nparameters: a matched sample study. PLos One. 20149, e8278\n3. Diaz Rua R, Keijer 1, Caimari A, van Schothorst, Evert M, Palou A\nOlver P. Peripheral blood mononuciear cels as a saurce to detect\nmarkers of homeostatic aterations caused by the intake of diets\nwith an unbalanced macronutrient composition, I Nutr Biochem.\n2015,26308 407\nH Lee K-Y, Uchida K Shirota T, Kono 5 Validiny of a selt-administered food\nfrequercy questionnaire agans 7-day derary records in four seasons\nJ Nutr So Vitaminol. 200248467-76\n6 Pusceddu l Hermann M. Kirsch SH, Wermer C Hutner U. Bods M Laus U\nWagerplel S Gesel , Hermarn W. Prospective stucdy of telomere length\nnd LNE-1 methylation in perigheral blood cels the role of Bvitamins\nUpplementation Eur I Nutr. 2015.\n. Shin C Bak L Leukocyte telomere length is associated with senum vitamin\nB12 and hompcysteine levels in older aduits with the presence of systemic\ninflammation. Cin Nur Res. 201657-14,\n7. Wiiams DM, Palariswamy 5. Sebert 5 Buoton , Blakemore AIF, Hypponen\nE, Jarvein MR. 25 Hydroiyvtamin D Concentation and Leuiocyse\nTelomere Lergth in Young Adults Findings From the Northem Finland\nHinh Cohorn 1966 Am J Epiderniol 1966:1832016:191-8\n8. Paul L Jacques PF. Aviv A Vasan RS, D'Agostino RB, Levy D. Selhubi Hgh\nplrsma folate is Tegatively associated with leukocyte telomere length in\nFraminghum Offspring cohort. Eur I Nutr. 201554235-41\ne. Paul L Cattaneo M D'Angelo A Sampletra F, Ferma , Razzari C.\nFontana G, Eugene N. Jacques PF, Selhub . Telamere length in\n",
"Longo A, dhant\ntelomere amition of lymphocytes in vivo is co-ordinated with changes in\nteicmerise activty, compostion of lymphooyne siksets and health\ncondrions Cin So Londi 197912812015:367-77.\n1 Szeenstiuo T. Heimborg NR, Kark JD, Cristensen K, Autv A. The telomere\nkengthening conridrum-antact or tiology? Mackeic Aciks Res 2013\n2. Song Y, You NCY, Song Y, Kang MK, Hou L, Walace R Eaton CR, Tinker LF,\nLiu S. lecake of small-10-medium-chain satunted fatty acids is associated\nwith perisheral eukocite telomere iength in postmenopausal women\nINar. 2013143907-14\n43 Zhang W-G Zhu S-Y, Zhao DL, Jiang S-M LILUZK. Fu R. Zhang M\nU DG Bai X-, Cai GY, Sun X-F. Chen X-M The comelation between\nperipheral leukocyte relomere lengeh and indicors ot cardiovasodar aging\nHeart lung Grc. 20142383-0\n4 Chaton WL. Manques FZ West A Karnouraes G Berans SP, Oanien BA,\nCharchar FA. Acre esercise leads 10 reguarion of rekomere asociated\ngenes and micoNA expression in immune cels PLos One, 20149 e9208\n5. Saderrods D. Meye A Salewsky 8 Kroh M Noman K Steinhagen-Thiessern\nE Demuth i Sports and exercise at diferent ages and leukocyte ekomere\nlength an later e - data fiom the Berin Aging Study I| (BASE-D PLOS Ore\n2015.10, e0142131.\n* Rode L. Nordesigaard BG, Weischer M. Bojesen SE hoeased body mass\nIndex, elevated Creactive protein and short telomere length, J Cin\nEndociol Merabi. 201499E1671-5.\n7 Miezanier A, Zaineddin AK, Brenner H. Body mass index and leukocyte\ntelomere length in aduts: a systersoc review and meta-analysik Cbesty\nleviews an ofical joumal of the temational Asociation for the Study of\nCbesty 20141s192-201\n* Ader N. Pamell MS, ODonowan A ladbum E Canthon R, Kaster A\nOpresko P. Newman A Hans TB. Epel E Educational atanment and late\ntelomere length in the Health Aging and Body Compostion Study, Bran,\nbelawier, and immunity 20132715-21.\n* Pearce MS, Mann KD, Martin-Riz C Parker L White M von Zginioe T,\nAkens A Oikhood growen, 0 and eccation as credictoes of white boc\ncel relamere lergth at age -51 years: the Newcastie Thousand Fanies\nStudy PLOS One. 20127, e40116\nso Steptoe A Harner M Butcher L Un , Brydon L Kiimaki M. Marmot M\nBlacbun E, Erusalimsky D. Eductional attaiement bur not meares of\nCurent socioeconomic crcumstances are associated with leukocye\ntelomere length in healtnhy sider men and women Bran Behav Immun.\n2011.25:1292-8\nremucci LHooes RA Weng N Age-00ated\n51. Damon N. Drewnowski A Does social dass preict det qaity? Am I CaN\nN 200887 1 107-17,\n",
"Submit your next manuscript to BioMed Central\nard we will help you at every step:\n",
"Our selector taal helps you ta frnd the mast relevart journal\n• We provde round the clock customer support\n• Converient arine submission\n• Thorough peer revew\n* Incusion in PubMed and al major indexing services\n• Maxmum visbilty for your research\n"
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"uthiyaveetil S, Ibrahim IM, Allen JF (2013) Evolutionary rewiring: a\nmodified prokaryotic gene regulatory pathway in chloroplasts.\nPhilos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 368(16221:20120260. https:\"\ndoiorg/10.109K rstb.2012.0260\n",
"uthiyaveetil S. Ibrahim IM, Jelicić B, Tomasić A. Fulgosi H. Allen JF\n(2010) Transcriptional control of photosynthesis genes: the evolu-\ntionanily conserved regulatory mechanism in plastid genome func-\ntion. Genome Biol Evol 20888-896. https:/doi.ong/10.1093/gbe\nevq073\n",
"uthiyaveetil S, Kavanagh TA, Cain P. Sullivan JA. Newell CA, Gray JC.\nRobinson C. van der Giczen M. Rogers MB, Allen JF (2008) The\nancestral symbiont sensor kinase CSK links photosynthesis with\ngene expression in chloroplasts, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 105(29)\n10061-10066. https:/idoi.org/10.1073/Pnas.0803928105\n",
"Rockwell NC. Lagarias IC (2017) Phytochrome diversification inm\ncyanobacteria and eukaryotic algae. Curr Opin Plant Biol 37:87-\n93, https:/doi.ore/10.1016j.pbi. 2017.04.003\n",
"Sambrook J. Fritsch EF, Maniatis T (1989) Molecular cloning a labora-\ntory manual second edition. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press,\nCold Spring Harhor\n",
"icheerer P. Michael N, Park JH, Nagano S. Choe HW, Inomata K.\nBorucki B, Krauß N. Lamprter T (2010) Light-induced conforma-\ntional changes of the chromophore and the protein in phytochromes\nbacterial phytochromes as modket systems. ChemPhysChem 11(6):\n1090-1105. hittps:/doi org/10,1002/eph. 200900913\n",
"ular architecture research sool: identification of signaling domains.\nProc Natl Acad Sci USA 95:5857-5864\nSkerker JM, Perchuk BS, Siryapoen A, Lubin EA. Ashenberg 0, Gioulian\nM, Laub MT (2008) Rewiring the specificity of two-component\nsignal transduction systems. Cell 133(6):1043-1054. https:/doi.\norg/10.1016j.cell 2008,04.040\nStock AM. Robitison VL. Goudreau PN (2000) Two-component signal\ntranscuction. Annu Rev Biochem 691):183-215. https:/doi.org/10.\n1146 annurev.biochem.69.1.183\nSurette MG, Levit M. Liu Y, Lukat G, Ninfa EG, Ninfa A, Stock JB\n(1996) Dimerization is required for the activity of the protein histi-\ndine kinase CheA that mediates signal transduction in bacterial che-\nmotaxis. J Biol Chem 271(21939-945. https:/idoi.ong/ 10.1074 jbc.\n271.2.939\nSwem LR. Kraft BJ, Swem DL. Setterdahl AT, Masuda S, Knaff\nDB. Zaleski JM, Bauer CE (2003) Signal transduction by the\nglobal regulator RegB is mediated by a redox-active cysteine.\nEMBO I 22(18):4699-4708. https://doi.org/10.1093/emboj/\nedg461\nTang G, Peng L. Baldwin PR. Mann DS, Jang W, Rees I. Ludike SI\n(2007) EMANZ: an extensible image processing suite for electron\nmicroscopy. J Struct Biol 157(1):38-46, https:/doi.org/10.1016j.\njsb. 2006.05,009\nvan Heel M, Harauz G, Orlova EV, Schmich R. Schatz M (1996) A new\ngeneration of the IMAGIC image processing system. J Struct Biol\n116(1x17-24, htps:/dei.org/10.1006 jsbi. 1996.0004\nWang C, Sang 1, Wang J. Su M. Downey JS, Wu Q, Wang S, Cai Y, Xu X,\nWuJ. Senadheera DB, Cvikovitch DG, Chen L. Goodman SD. Han\nA (2013) Mechanistic insights revealed by the crystal structure of a\nhistidine kinase with signal transducer and sensor domains. PLos\nBiol 11(2ke1001493. https:/dot.org/10.1371/journal pbio, 1001493\nWang LC, Morgan LK, Godakumbura P. Kenney LJ. Anand GS (2012)\nThe inner membrane histidine kinase EnvZ senses osmolality via\nhelix-coil transitions in the cytoplasm. EMBO 1 31(11x2648-2659.\nhttps://doi.org/10.1038 ensboj. 2012.99\nWojnowska M. Yan J, Sivalingam GN, Cryar A, Gor J, Thalassinos K,\nDjordjevie S (2013) Autophosphorylation activity of a soluble\nbexamerie histidine kinsase correlates with the shift in prosein con-\n",
"ojnowska M. Yan J, Sivalingam GN, Cryar A. Gor J. Thalassinos K.\nDjordjevie S (2013) Autophosphorylation activity of a soluble\nbexamerie histidine kinase correlates with the shift in protein con-\nfomsational equilibrium. Chem Biol 20(11x1411-1420. https:/doi.\norg/10.1016j.chombiol.2013.09.008\n"
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"Competing interests\n",
"18. McDowell JA: Criteria, Defeasibility and Knowledge. In Mean-\ning, Knowiedge and Realty Cambridge: Harvard University Press:\n1998.377,\n19. Fost N: The unimportance of death, in SJ Youngner. In The\nDefinition of Death Edted by: Armald RM, Schapiro R. Bakimore Johna\nHopkins University Press: 1999:161-78.\n20. Simineff LA. Burane C. Youngner 5: Death and organ procure-\nment: public beliefs and attitudes. Kennedy Inst Ethics ) 2004,\n14:217-34.\n21. Fox RC: \"An ignoble form of cannibalism\": reflections on the\nPittsburgh protocol for procuring organs from non-heart-\nbeating cadavers. Kennedy Inst Ethics / 1993. 3(2):231-9.\n",
"prove to be a very slippery slope. We suggest that the use\nof ECMO transforms NHBD into \"an ignoble form of can-\nnibalism,\" as Renee Fox wrote of NHBD in its early days\n[21]. Because we physicians must continue to do no harm,\nwe must forego the advantages of ECMO in NHBD and\ncontinue to harvest organs only from patients who have\ndied. But we can continue to make that determination\naccording to clinical context.\n",
"The author(s) declare that they have no competing inter-\nests.\n",
"Authors' contributions\n",
"TSH wrote the first draft. The final manuscript was the\nresult of multiple mutually agreed modifications by TSH,\nMAS, FAB and MB.\n",
"Acknowledgements\n",
"The authors are grateful to Bernard Harrison and Stefan Kertesz for helpful\ncomments on a preliminary version of chis manuscript.\n",
"References\n",
"Robertson JA: The dead donor rule. Hast Cr Rep 1999, 6:6-14.\n2.\nDevita M. Snyder Development of the University of Pitts-\nburgh Medical Center policy for the care of terminally ill\npatients who may become organ donors after death follow-\ning the removal of life support. Kenedy Inst Erhics ) 1993,\n3:131-144.\n3. Ad Hoc Committee of the Harvard Medical Schoot A definition of\nirreversible coma. Jour Am Med Assoc 1968, 205:337-340.\n4. Shewmon DA: Chronic \"brain death:\" meta-analysis and con-\nceptual consequences. Neural 1998, 51:1538-45.\n5. Verheijde L. Raddy MY, McGregor j: Recovery of transplantable\norgans after cardiac or circulatory death: transforming the\nparadigm for the ethics of organ donation. Phios Ethics Humanit\n6. Verheijde L. Rady MY, MeGregar J: The United States Revised\nMed 2:8. 2007, May 22\nUniform Anatomical Gift Act (2006): New challenges to bal-\nancing patient rights and physician responsibilities. Phios Eah-\nis Humanit Med 2:19. 2007, September 12\nEvans DW: Seeking an ethical and legal way of procuring\n7.\ntransplantable organs from the dying without further\nattempts to redefine human death. Phios Ethics Humanie Med\n2:11. 2007. jun 29\nPotts M. Truthfulness in transplantation: Non-heart beating\norgan donation. Philos Echics Humant Med 2:17. 2007, August 24\n9. Shemie SD: Clarifying the paradigm for the ethics of donation\nand transplantation: Was 'dead really so clear before organ\ndonation? Phlos Ehics Humant Med 2007, 2:18.\n10. Joffe AR: The ethics of donation and transplantation: are def-\n8.\ninitions of death being distorted for organ transplantation?\nPhilos Ethics Humone Med 2:28. 2007, November 25\n11. Bellomo R. Zamperetti N: Defining the vital condition for organ\ndonation. Phios Echics Humanit Med 2:27. 2007, November 19\n12 Veatch RL: Abandon the dead donor rule or change the defi-\nnition of death! Kennedy Inst Eshics 2004, 14:261-76.\n13. Bernat JL: The Biophilosophical basis of whole-brain death.\nSoc Phil Pol 2002. 19(2):324-42.\n14. Truog RD, Robinson WM: Role of brain death and the dead-\ndonor rule in the ethics of organ transplantation. Cnt Care\nMed 2003, 31:2391-6.\n15. Waismann F. Verifiability. In The Theory of Meaning Edited by: Par-\nkinson GHR. Oxford: Oxford University Press I968 35-60.\n16. Shewmon DA The dead donor rule: lessons from linguistics.\nKennedy Inst Ethics / 2004. 14:277-300.\n17\nHarriros R. Criteria and Truth Midwoer Caud Ph 1999 21:2\n",
"\"BioMed Central will be the most significant devekopment for\ndisseminating the resuits of biomedical research in our kifetime,\"\nSir Paul Nurse. Cancer Research UK\n",
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"nonsynonymous vanants in the adenomatou\nporyposis col gene\npredispose to colorectal adenomas. Cancer Res 2005, 68 358-363\n5Li BS, Leal SM Methods for detecting associations with rare variants for\ncommon diseases: appication to anaysis of sequence data Am J Hum\nGenet 2008, 8331-321.\nMadten BE, Browning SR A groupwise association test for rare mutations\nusing a weighted sum statistic. Aus Genet 200, Sel00084.\n1 Lu Q. Eston RC Using the optimal receiver operating characteristic curw\nto design a predictive genetic test, exemplified with type 2 diebetes.\nAm / Hm Genet 2003, 82541-651\nveC. Cu Y. Wei C Eston R. Zhu A Lu O A nonparametric method for\nbuiding predictive genetic tests on high-dimensional data. Ham Hered\n2011. Gener Epidemiol 201 1, Xsuppl XXhtp//contertkarger.com/\nprochktedvprodkte apiDO-003272996p-pdn\n",
"Cite this article as: Wei and Lu Collapsing ROC approach for risk\nprediction research on both common and rare variants. BMC Procedrg\n2011 5Suppl 542\n",
"further improved by considering environment risk pre-\ndictors and gene-environment interactions. We ran an\nadditional analysis including the environment risk pre-\ndictors and found that the prediction accuracy was sig-\nnificantly improved (data not shown).\n",
"We considered only candidate genes in our analysis.\nCurrent risk prediction studies commonly adopt this\nstrategy. However, for high-dimensional risk prediction\nresearch using millions of SNPS, variable selection\nbecomes important. Although a forward selection algo-\nrithm is incorporated into the CROC approach, it could\nstill be subject to false positives when dealing with\nwhole-genome sequencing data. More sophisticated\nselection algorithms will be needed to deal with a large\nnumber of common and rare variants.\n",
"We have developed a CROC approach for risk predic-\ntion analysis on sequencing data. By applying this new\napproach to the simulated GAW17 mini-exome sequen-\ncing data, we have illustrated that current risk predic-\ntion models built on common variants can be further\nimproved by considering additional rare variants. In\naddition, we compared the CROC approach with the\nexisting FROC approach. The CROC approach outper-\nformed the FROC approach, especially when a large\nproportion of the considered variants were rare.\n",
"Acknowledgments\n",
"This work was supported by start-up funds from Mchigan State Unversity.\nThis article has been pubished as part of BMC Procredings Valume s\nSupplement 4, 2011. Genetic Analysis Workshop 17. The full contents of the\nsupplement are avalatie onine at http://www.biomedcentralcom/1/53-\n6561/SAsu-S9\n",
"Authors' contributions\n",
"CW developed the statistical meshods, conducted the analyas and drafted\nthe mamuscript O conceived of the study, developed the method\npartic pated in its design and coordination and helped to draft the\nmanuscnpt Both authors read and approved the final manuscrpt\n",
"Competing interests\n",
"The authors dedire that they have no competing interests\n",
"Published: 29 November 2011\n",
"susceptibility to common diseases. Nat Genet 2008, 40695-201\nHrschhem IN, Daly MI Genome-wide association studies for comman\ndiseases and comples traits. Nat Rev Gener 2005, 6 5- 108.\nAhtuw N. Kavadar N. schackwez W, Ustaszewska A Mantin , Hebert S\nDoelo H. Ersoy B, Kryukav G Schmict S, et al Medkal sequencing at the\nextremes of human body mass. Am S Mum iener 2007, B0 779-791\nWakh T, McClellan JM, MoCanhy SE, Addingron AM, Pierce Sa, Cooper GM\nNord AS, Kusenda M Malhona D. Bhandas A er al Rare structural variants\ndisrupt multiple genes in neurodevelopmental pathways in\nschizophrenia. Scence 208, 320519541\nAzzopardi D. Caliosso AR, Elason K. Hendrickosan BC, Jones N, Rawstome E\nColey J. Moskyna V. Frve C Samoson R er af Multiple rare\n",
"Submit your next manuscript to BioMed Central\nand take full advantage of:\n",
"No space constraints or color figure dharges\n",
"Immediate publication an acceptance\n",
"Research which is freely available for redistribution\n"
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"Confirmatory resalts,\" Urologie Oncologyr, 2010,\n|48] M. R. Smith. H. W. Lee, M. A. Fallon, and D. M. Nathan,\n\"Adipocytokines, obesity, and insulin resistance during com-\nbined androgen blockade for prastate cancer,\" Urology, vol. 71,\nno. 2, pp. 318-322, 2008.\n149] I. R. Stark, H. Li. P. Kraft et al., \"Circulating prediagnostic\ninterleukin-6 and C-reactive protein and prostate cancer\nincidence and mortality,\" International Journal of Cancer, vol.\n124, no. 11, pp. 2683–2689, 2009.\n|50] H. Grosman, B. Fabre, V. Mesch et al., \"Lipoproteins, sex\nhormones and inflammatory markers in association with\nprostate cancer,\" Aging Male, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 87-92. 2010,\n51] K. Heikkila, R. Harris, G. Lowe et al, \"Associations of\ncirculating C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 with cancer\nrisk: findings from two prospective cohorts and a meta-\nanalysis,\" Cancer Causes and Control, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 15-26,\n2009.\n[52] B. Elsberger, L. Lankston, D. C. McMillan, M. A. Underwood,\nand I. Edwards. \"Presence of tumoural C-reactive protein\ncorrelates with progressive prostate cancer,\" Prostate Cancer\nand Prostatic Diseases, 2011.\n|53] M. Braga-Basaria, D. Muller, M. A. Carducci, A. Dobs, and\nS. Basaria, \"Lipoprotein profile in men with prostate cancer\nundergoing androgen deprivation therapy\" International Jour\nnal of lempotence Research, vol. 18, no. 5. pp. 494-498, 2006.\n|54| J. Yannucci, 1. Manola, M. B. Garnick, G. Bhat, and G. Bubley.\n\"The effect of androgen deprivation therapy on fasting serum\nlipid and glucose parameters,\" Journal of Urology, vol. 176, no.\n2, pp. 520-525, 2006.\n[55] K. C. Chen, C. C. Peng, C. L Hsieh et al., \"Antiandrogenic\ntherapy can cause coronary arterial disease.\" International\nJournal of Urology, vol. 12, na. 10, pp. 886-891, 2005.\n|56] S. Moorjani, A. Dupont, F. Labrie et al., \"Changes in plasma\nlipoproteins during various androgen suppression therapies in\nmen with prostatic carcinoma: elfects of orchiectomy, estro-\ngen and combination treatment with luteinizing hormone-\nreleasing hormone agonist and flutamide\" Journal of Clinical\nEndocrinology and Metabolism, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 314-322,\n1988.\n157] A. Berruti, L. Dogliotti, C. Terrone et al., \"Changes in bone\nmineral density, lean body mass and fat content as measured\nby dual energy X-Ray absorptiometry in patients with prostate\ncancer without apparent bone metastases given androgen\ndeprivation therapy.\" Journal of Urology, vol. 167, no. 6, pp.\n2361-2367, 2002.\n[58] E. J. Hamilton, E. Gianatti, B. J. Strauss et al., \"Increase in\nvisceral and subcutaneous abdominal fat in men with prastate\ncancer treated with androgen deprivation therapy.\" Clinical\nEndocrinology, vol. 74, no. 3, pp. 377-383, 2011.\n[59] M. Inaba, Y. Otani, K. Nishimura et al., \"Marked hyper-\nglycemia after androgen deprivation therapy for prostate\ncancer and usefulness of pioglitazone for its treatment.\"\nMetabolism, vol. 54, no. I, pp. 55-59, 2005.\n(60] D. A. Galvio, N. Spry, D. R. Taaffe et al, \"Changes in muscle.\nfat and bone mass after 36 weeks of maximal androgen\nblockade for prostate cancer,\" BJU International, vol. 102, no.\n1, pp. 44-47, 2008.\n|61] A. V. D'Amico, J. W. Denham. I. Crook et al, \"Influence\nof androgen suppression therapy for prostate cancer on the\nfrequency and timing of fatal myocardial infarctions,\" Journal\nof Clinical Oncology, vol. 25, no. 17. pp. 2420-2425, 2007.\n|62] G. N. Levine, A. V. D'Amico, P. Berger et al., \"Androgen-\ndeprivation therapy in prostate cancer and cardiovascular\nrisk: a science advisory from the American heart association,\n",
"American cancer society, and Amercan urological associaticon:\nendorsed by the American society for radiation oncology,\" CA\nCancer Journal for Clinicians, vol. 60, no. 3. pp. 194-201, 2010.\n(63] W. A. Satariano, K. Ragland, and S. van Den Eeden, \"Cause of\ndeath in men diagnosed with prostate carcinoma,\" Cancer, vol.\n83, no. 6, pp. 1180-1188, 1998,\n64] G. Lu-Yao, T. A. Stukel, and S. L. Yao, \"Changing patterns\nin competing causes of death in men with prostate cancer: a\npopulation based study,\" Journal of Urology, vol. 171, no. 6 1.\nPp. 2285-2290, 2004.\n(65] J. A. Efstathiou, K. Bac, W. U. Shipley et al, \"Obesity and\nmortality in men with locally advanced prostate cancer:\nanalysis of RTOG 85-31,\" Cancer, vol. 110, no. 12. pp. 2691-\n2699, 2007.\n[66] Z. Gong, L Agalliu, D. W. Lin, J. L. Stanford, and A. R. Kristal.\n\"Obesity is associated with increased risks of prostate cancer\nmetastasis and death after initial cancer diagnosis in middle-\naged men,\" Cancer, vol. 109, no. 6, pp. 1192-1202, 2007.\n(67] T. M. Beer, C M. Tangen, L. B. Bland et al., \"The prog-\nnostic value of hemoglobin change after initiating androgen-\ndeprivation therapy for newly diagnosed metastatic prostate\ncancer: a multivariate analysis of southwest oncology group\nstudy 8894,\" Cancer, vol. 107, no. 3, pp. 489-496, 2006.\n"
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"Gartbers C, Rose-Juhn S. Flass DM, Scheler Constitutively active mutant\ngp130 receptor protein from inflammatory hepatocellular adenoma is\ninhibited by an and-gp130 antibody thot speciicaly neutralizes interkukir\n11 sigraling / Bal Chem 2012, 287:1 3743-11r51.\n9. Mohi A, Fahrerkamp C. Ainis N, Mile-Newen G Dominant-negative\nactivity of the STAT3-Y70SF mutant depends on the N-terminal domain\nCel Commun Signal 2015, 1181.\n0. Schmick-Anas DE, Bohmer A Markova B Chouthary C, Serve H. Bohmer FD\nTyrosine phosphorylation regulates maturation of receptor tyrosine\nkinases. Mol Col da 2005, 25:3090-I3\n1. Rerth AD, Els C Lyman SD, Anderson DM Wilams DE, Berreten A, Pawsar\nT. Signal transduction by nomal isoforms and W mutant variants of the\nKit receptor tyrosine kinase. EMBO J 1991, 102451-2439\n2. Blgard L. Helemus A Cualny control in the endoplasmic reticulum. at\nRev Mal Cel Bof 2003, 4:181-191.\n3. Schmidk Anas D, Muler M. Stevanovic M. Hom S. Schutt A, Bergronn\nWikens R Lickert A, Rase-John S Oncogenic deletion mutants of gp130\nsignal from Intracelular compartments. J Cel Sa 2014, 127341-351.\n4. Hetz C The unfolded protein response: controling cel fate decisions\nunder ER stress and beyond. Nat Rev Moi Cel diol 2012, 1399-102\n5. Eulenfeld R, Schaper F. A new mechanism for the regulation of Gabt\nrecruitment to the plasma membrane. J Cel Sa 2009, 12255-04\n6. Royer Y, Staerk 1 Costulearu M Coutoy P Canstartinescu SN Janus\nkinases affect thrombopoietin receptor cell surface locakzation and\nstablity. / Bol Chem 2005, 28027251-27261.\n7. Hung LI, Constantinescu SN Lodsh HF The N-terminal domain of Janus\nkinase 2 is required for Golgi processing and cell surface expression af\nerythropoietin receptor, Mol Cel 2001, 8:1 327-1338\n8. Ractke S, Hermarins HM. Han C, Schmitz-Van De Leur H, Gncan H. Henrich\nPC, Behmann t Novel role of Janus kinase 1 in the regulation of oncostatin\nM receptor surface expression. /Bol Chem 2002, 277:i1297-11305\n9. Stuhlmarn Laesz C Lang 5, Chalans A, Kizysztof P, Enge S. Eichler\nKingmuler U Samud M, Ems. M. Roe-lohn S, Scheler : Forced dimeritzation\nof gp130 leads to constitutive STAT3 activation, cytokine-independent\ngrowth, and blockade of diferentiation of embryonk stem celk. Mol iol\nCel 200K, 172986-299s.\n0 Tomas A, Futer CE, Eden ER EGF receptor trafficking: consequences for\nsignaling and cancer. 7Trents Col ol 2014, 2426-34.\n1. Arcone k Pucci P, Zappocosta F, Fontaine V, Malami A. Marino G. Olberto\nG Single-step purtfication and structural characterization of human\ninterkeukin-6 produced in Escherichia coli from a T7 RNA polymerase\nexpression vector. Eur / Bochem 1991, 198541-547.\n2. Weergraber 0, Hemmann U. Kuster A, Müler-Newen G, Schneder J.\nRase-lahn S, Kurschat P, Brakerhaff JP, Hart MH, Stabel S, Heirrich PC:\nSoluble human interileukin-6 receptor, expression in insect celk, purfñcation\nand characterization. Eur / Blochem 1995, 234:001-608\na. Gese l. Au Yeung CK, Hermann A Diefenbach S, Haan C Kister A.\nWortmann S8. Roderburg C, Herrich PC, Behmannt Muller-Newen G\nLong-term association of the cytokine receptor gp130 and the Janus\nkinase Jak1 revealed by FRAP analysis I lal Chem 2001, 278:19205-39213\n",
"Cite this article as: Anis et al: Intracellular signaing prevents effective\nblockade of ancogenk gp130 mutanes by neutralizing antibodies. Cal\nCommuniconion and Sigrialng 2014 1214\n",
"Submit your next manuscript to BioMed Central\nand take full advantage of:\n",
"Convenient online submission\n",
"Thorough peer re\neview\n",
"No space constraints or color figure charges\n",
"Immediate publication on acceptance\n"
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"the photodegradation of paryene c and parylene n. Eur Polym J\n36:1765-1777\n11. Bobrowski M. Freza S. Skórski P (2011) The electronic structure\nof p-xylylene and is reactivity with vinyl molecules. Chem Phys\n382:20-26\n12. Bohrowski M. Freza S, Skórski P (2012) Functional thin films\nresulting from parylene-vinyl copolymerization. Macromolecules\n45:8532-8546\n13. Bolognesi A, Botta C, Andicsova A, Giovanella U, Arnautov S.\nCharmet J, Laux E, Keppner H (2009) Chemical binding of unsat-\nurated fluorenes to polyc2-chloroxylylene) thin films. Macromol\nChem Phys 210:2052-2057\n14. Chen HY. Elkasabi Y, Lahann J (2006) Surface modification of\nconfined microgeometries via vapor-deposited polymer coatings.\nJAm Chem Soc 128:374-380\n15. Corley RS, Haas HC, Kane MW, Livingston DI (1954) Prepara-\ntion and properties of poly-p-xylylene. J Pol Se 13(68):137-156\n16. Coulson CA, Craig DP. Maccoll A. Pullman A (1947) P-\nquinodimethane and its diradical. Discuss Faraday Soc 2:36\n17. Čzaplewski C, Gieldon A, Smalara K. Bobrowski M (2012)\nMolecular dynamics simulation of polymerization of p-xylylene.\nAIP Conf Proc 1504:1142-1145\n18. Domingo LR (2014) A new C-C bond formation model based\non the quantum chemical topology of electron density, RSC Adv\n4:32,415-32,428\n19. Eyck GAT, Pimanpang S, Juneja JS, Bakhru H, Lu TM, Wang GC\n(2007) Plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition of palladium on\na polymer substrate. Chem Vap Depos 13:307-311\n20. Feamot NE, Kozma TG. Ragheb AO, Voorhees WD (1997)\nCoated implantable medical device. U.S patent 5609629\n21. Fortin JB, La TM (2002) A model for the chemical vapor depo-\nsition of polytp-xylylene) (parylene) thin films. Chem Mater\n14:1945-1949\n22. Freza S. Skurski P, Bobrowski M (2010) Influence of substituents\nin vinyl groups on reactivity of parylene during polymerization\nprocess. Chem Phys 368:126-132\n23. Gilch H (1965) Synthesis and reactions of a, a, ar, ar-tetrachloro-\nP-xylylene. Angew Chem Int Ed 4:598-598\n24. Gilch H (1966) Preparation and properties of polyta, a, al, at-\ntetrachlora-p-xylylene) films. J Polym Sci A-1 Polym Chem\n4:438-439\n25. Gorham WF (1966) A new, general synthetic method for the\npreparation of linear poly-p-xylylenes. J Polym Sci A-1 Polym\nChem 4:3027-3039\n26. Grafenstein J. Kraka E, Filatov M. Cremer D (2002) Performance\nof B3LYP density functional methods for a large set of organic\nmolecules. Int J Mol Sci 3:360-394\n27, Greiner A, Mang S. Schaefer 0, Simon P (1997) Polyip-\nxylylenes - synthesis, polymer analogous reactions, and perspec-\ntives on structure-property relationships. Acta Polym 48:1-15\n28. Herrera-Alonso M. McCarthy TJ (2004) Chemical surface modi-\nfication of poly(p xylylene) thin films. Langmuir 20:9184-9189\n29. Hopf H (2008) (2.2]paracyckophanes in polymer chemistry and\nmaterials science, val 47\n30, loh I (2001) Polymerizations and polymers of quinonoid\nmonomers. Prog Polym Sci 26: 1019-1059\n31. Iwatsuki S. Kamiya H (1974) Preparation and polymeriza-\ntion of u, u,ar, at2,5-hexachloro-p-xylylene. Macromolecules\n7(6: 732-737\n32. Jasiriski R (2015) A stepwise. zwitterionic mechanism for the\n13-dipolar cycloaddition between (Z>-C-4-methoxyphenyl-N-\nphenylnitrone an gem chloranitroethene catalysed by 1-butyl-3-\nmethylimidazolium ionic liquid cations. Tetrahedron Lett 56:532-\n",
"M, Berge B, Robert JC. Legrand I (2009) Structural and dielec-\ntric study of parylene C thin films. App Phys Lett 94:152,901-\n152,903\n34. Lahann J, Balcells M, Rodon T, Lee J, Choi IS, Jensen KF, Langer\nR (2002) Reactive polymer coatings: a platform for patterning\nproteins and mammalian cels onto a brusad range of materials.\nLangmuir 18:3632-3638\n35. Lahann J. Choi IS, Lee J. Jensen KF. Langer R (2001) A new\nmethod toward microengineered surfaces based on reactive coal-\ning. Angew Chem Int Ed 40:3166-3169\n36. Lahann J. Klee D, Hoccker H (1998) Chemical vapour deposition\npolymerization of substituted (2.2|paracyclophanes. Macromol\nRapid Commun 19(9):441-444\n37. Lahann J. Langer R (2002) Novel polyip-xylylenes): thin films\nwith tailored chemical and optical properties. Macromolecules\n35(11):4380-4386\n38. Lahann J, Langer R, Jensen KF (2003) Massachusetts institute af\ntechnology, USA, WO. p 45\n39. Lee C, Yang W. Parr RG(1998) Development of the Colic-Salvetti\ncorrelation-energy formula into a functional of the electron den-\nsity. Phys Rev B 37(2):785-789\n40. La B, Zheng S. Quach BQ. Taia YC (2010) A study of the autoflu-\norescence of parylene materials for jetas applications. Lab Chip\n10:1826-1834\n41. Mori T, Mizutani T. T leda M (1990) Photoconduction of poly-\np-xylykne films: effects of plasma modification and oxidation. J\nPhys D: App Phys 23:338-341\n42. Naddaka M, Asen F, Freza S. Bobrowski M. Skurski P. Laux E.\nCharmet J, Keppner H. Bauer M, Lellouche JP (2011) Functional-\nization of parylene during its chemical vapour deposition. J Polym\nSci Part A 49:2952-2958\n43. Nosal A. Izydorczyk A. Sobczyk-Guczenda A, Guchowski L,\nSzymanowski H, Giazicki-Lipman M (2009) Parylene coatings\non biological specimens. J Achiev Mat Manufact Eng 37:442-\n447\n44. Pollack SK, Raine BC, Hehre WJ (1981) Determination of the\nheats of formation of the isomeric xylylenes by ion-cyclotron\ndouble-resonance spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 103:6308-\n6313\n45. Pruden KG, Sinclair K. Beaudoin S (2003) Characterization of\nparylene-N and parylene-C photooxidation. J Polym Sci Part A:\nPolym Chem 41:1486-1496\n46. Tirado Rives J, Jorgensen WL (2008) Performance of B3LYP den-\nsity functional methods for a large set of organic molecules. J\nChem Theory Comput 4:297-306\n47. Shaw RG, Yeh YL, Lewis JW (1970) Polymers of improved per-\nformance capabilities and processes therefor, U.S patent 3503903\n48. Smalara K. Gieldori A. Bobrowski M. Rybicki J, Czaplewski\nC (2010) Theoretical Mudy of polymerization mechanism of p-\nxylylene based polymers. J Phys Chem A 114:4296-4303\n49. Szware M (I1947) The C-H bond energy in toluene and xylenes.\nNature 16:403-403\n50. Szware M (1948) The C-H bond energy in toluene and xylenes. J\nChem Phys 16:128\n51. Thiele J, Balhom H (1904) A quinoid hydrocarbon. Chem Ber\n37:1463-1470\n52. West J. Becker M, Tombrink S. Manz A (2008) Micro total\nanalysis systems: latest achievements. Anal Chem 80(12):4403-\n4419\n53. Zhao Y, Pu J, Lyncha BJ, Truhlar DG (2004) Tests of second-\ngeneration and third-generation density functionals for therm0-\n"
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"4. Conclusion\n",
"In summary, EAH is associated to a SIADH which the sever-\nity is as high as the hydric supply during and after the physical\nactivity, occurring during or in the few hours following the\nactivity. It could sometimes evolve as critical emergency situ-\nation with signs of neurological disorders, and the only effi-\ncient treatment consists of the administration of hypertonic\nsaline solution. The prevention strategy consists in informing\nrunners on good hydration practices during the run and the\nhyperhydratation-associated risks.\n",
"References\n",
"1] T. D Noakes, N. Goodwin, B. L. Rayner, T. Branken, and\nR. K. N. Taylor, \"Water intoxication: a possible complication\nduring endurance exercise, 1985,\" Wilderness e Environmental\nMedicine, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 221-227, 2005.\n21 A. J. Siegel, J. G. Verbalis, S. Clement et al., \"Hyponatremia in\nmarathon runners due to inappropriate arginine vasopressin\nsecretion,\" The American Journal of Medicine, vol. 120, no. 5.\nPp. 461.ell-461.e17, 2007.\n31 T. Hew-Butler, J.C. Ayus, C. Kipps et al., \"Statement of the sec\nond international exercise-associated hyponatremia consensus\ndevelopment conference, New Zealand, 2007,\" Clinical Journal\nof Sport Medicine, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 111-121, 2008,\n4 T. D. Noakes, K. Sharwaod, D. Speedy et al., \"Three indepen-\ndent biological mechanisms cause exercise-associated hypona-\ntremia: evidence from 2,135 weighed competitive athletic\nperformances,\" Procredings of the Nationaal Academy of Sciences\nof the United States of America, vol. 102, no. 51, pp. 18550-\n18555, 2005.\n5] T. D. Noaken, G. Wilson, D. A. Gray, M. I. Lambert, and S. C.\nDennis, \"Peak rates of diuresis in healthy humans during oral\nfluid overload,\" South African Meilical Journal, vol. 91, no. 10,\nPp. 852-857, 2001.\n61 J. G. Verbalis, \"Disorders of body water homeostasis,\" Best\nPractice é Research, vol. 17, no. 4. pp. 471-503, 2003.\n71 M. H. Rosner and ). Kirven, \"Exercise-associated hypona-\ntremia,\" Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology.\nvol. 2, no. 1, pp. 151-161, 2007.\n8] R. W. Schrier, \"Body water homeostasis: dinical disorders of\nurinary dilution and concentration,\" Journal of the American\nSociety of Nephrology, vol. 17, no. 7, pp. 1820-1832, 2006.\n91 A. J. Siegel, \"Exercise-associated hyponatremia: role of cy-\ntokines The American Journal of Medicine, vol. 119, no. 7.\nsupplement 1, pp. S74-S78, 2006.\n0] A. T. Siegel, \"Hypertonic (3%) sodium chloride for emergent\ntreatment of exercise-associated hypotonic encephalopathy.\"\nSports Medicine, vol, 37, no. 4-5, pp. 459462, 2007.\n"
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"programme, the measurement of its successes, and the ways in which its contributions\nto the worldwide campaign were described. In this context, epidemiology remained a\nless than exact science; data collection, collation and reporting were deeply political acts,\nsubservient to the act of developing a very specific interpretation of what had happened in\nBhutan.\n",
"It would, thus, be both simplistic and deeply ahistorical to assume that all the\nnational smallpox eradication programmes in South Asia were more or less the same.\nUnderstanding the variations and dynamisms that mark the relationships between\ninternational personnel, national workers, political actors, community organisations and\nthe social formations all of them claimed to represent is crucial to unpicking a truly\nelaborate history. If history is ever to play a preparatory role in the design and\nimplementation of contemporary policy, rather than just being simply deployed as a\npropaganda tool, the past needs to be studied and understood in all its wondrous intricacy.\nRestating this point is particularly pertinent at this time, when pleas are being made,\nfrom within diverse settings, that we remember the lessons of the smallpox eradication\nprogramme. Some of the arguments being made have sought to justify contemporary\ncauses such as the Global Polio Eradication Initiative and have, therefore, been tempered\nby political expediency.7 Some of the more self-effacing and thoughtful participants of\nthe smallpox eradication programme have approached the issue from a different angle. By\nhighlighting the need to remember the value of engagements with community structures,\nthe roles played by local workers and the need for health system strengthening. they force\nus to ponder what kind of history can best inform contemporary health initiatives. 4 The\nidealised historical narratives that bear little resemblance to the conditions that existed\non the ground in the past? Or, the studies that chronicle and consider a most intricate\npatchwork of international, regional and national eradication programmes, by studying\nvariations in ideologies and activities across locales? The latter approach seems the most\nhonest way of celebrating the contributions of the many hundreds of thousands of local\nworkers who sustained and often advised the few thousand people who agreed to serve as\ninternational civil servants in association with WHO frameworks.75\n",
"'Powerful examples of this are available in the messages transımitted from within departments of the Bill &\nMelinda Gates Foundation. See, for instance, Tichi Yamada, \"Smallpox Eradication Taughr Us How to Fight\nPolio: Now We Need to Win the Batle'. 26 August 2010 (accessible at: betp:/www.impatientoptimists.org/\nPosts/201008/Smallpox-Eradication-Tanmcht-Us-How-to-Fight-Polio-Now-We-Needt-to-Win-the-Battle). For a\nfearless assessment of the origins of the glohal polio eradication pengramme and the use subjective historical\narratives to advocate it, see William Muraskin, Polio Eradication ond itr Discontentr: A Historian's Journey\nThrough an tnternatioal Public Healh (Clu)Cw War (New Delhi: Orient BlackSwan, 2012).\n",
"See, for example, Daniel Tarantola and Stanley Foster, From smallpos Eradication to Contemporary Global\nHealth Initiatives: Enhancing Human Cupacity towards a Global Public Health Goul\", Vaccine, Supplement 4,\n29 (2011). 135-40\n",
"An approach that is best served by rigorous research in the archives, it helps prepare a methodology that\ndoes not rely on the selective reading of relatively small sets of published materials. This allows as to avoid a\nmindless dependence of vieus expressed inside institutions in Europe and North America, a tendency that can be\nseen in a recent working paper produced by Eleanor Davey, in association with John Borton and Matthew Foley.\nE Davey, A History of she Hunenitarian Svstem: Western Origins and Foundatioms (London: Humanitarian\nPolicy Group, 2013). This publication is accessible a: http:/www.odi.org.uk/siteslodi.org.uklfilesiodi-assets/\n",
"Downloaded from https:/www.cambridge.org/core, IP address: 35.194.162.121, on 27 Jul 2021 at 00:45:21, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available an\nhttps:www.cambridge.org/rorerms, https:/dolorg/10.1017/mdh 2011\n"
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"Abinimson LY. Lite events and social mytims in bipolar spectrim\ndisurders: an examination of social rhythm sensitivity. J Affect\nDisord. 2012:139:264-72. doi:10.1016j.jad.2012.01.038.\n24. Sylvia LG. Alloy LB, Hafner JA, Gauger MC. Verdon K.\nAbramson LY. Life Events and Social Rhythms in Bipolar\nSpectrum Disorders: A Prospective Study. Behav Ther. 2009:40:\n131-41. doi:10.1016j.beth.2008.04.003.\n25. Bullock B, Judd F, Murray G. Social rhythms and vulnerability to\nbipolar disorder. J Afect Disord. 2011:135:384-8. doi:10.1016j\njad 2011.06.006.\n26. Shear MK, Randall J, Monk TH, Ritenour A, Tu X. Frank E, et al\nSocial rhythm in ansiety disorder patients Anxiety. 1994:1:90-5.\n27. Moss TG, Cmey CE, Haynes P, Harris AL. Is daily routine impor-\ntant for sleep? An investigation of social thythms in a clinical in-\nsomnia population. Chronobiol Int. 2015:32.92-102. doi:10.3109/\n07420528.2014.956361.\n28. Margraf J, Lavallec K, Zhang X. Schneider S. Social Rhythm and\nMental Health: A Cross-Cultural Comparison. PLOS One. 2016:11:\nc0150312. doi:10.1371 joumal.pone.0150312.\n29. Weissman MM, Markowitz J. Klerman GL. Comprehensive Guide\nto Interpersonal Psychotherapy. New York: Basic Books, 2000.\n30. Frank E, Kupfer DJ, Thase ME, Mallinger AG, Swartz HA, Fagiolini\nAM, et al. Two-year outcomes for interpersonal and social ıythm\ntherapy\n2005;62:996-1004. dor10.1016 SOOS4-3970(08)70363-3.\n31. Hollon SD, Ponniah K. A review of empirically supported psycho-\nlogical therapies for mood disorders in adults. Depress Anxiety.\nindividuals with bipokar I disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry.\n2010,27:891-932. dot:10.1002/da 20741.\n32. Frank E, Soreca I. Swartz HA, Fagiolini AM, Mallinger AG, Thase\nME, et al The role of interpersonal and social rhythm therapy in\nimproving occupational functioning in patients with bipolar I dis-\norder. Am J Psychiatry. 2008,165:1559-65. doi:10,1176appi ajp.\n2008.07121953.\n33. Miklowitz DJ, Otto MW, Frank E, Reilly-Harrington NA.\nWisniewski SR, Kogan JN, et al. Psychcsocial treatments for bipo-\nlar depression: A 1-yeat randamized trial from the Systematic\nTreatment Enhancement Program. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2007;64:\n419-26. doi:10.1016 50084-3970(08)70658-3.\n34. Deckersbach T, Peters AT, Sylvia L, Urdahl A, Magalhies PVS.\nOtto MW, et al. Do Comorbid Anxiety Disorders Moderate the\nEffects of Psychotherapy for Bipolar Disorder? Results From\nSTEP-BD. Am J Psychiatry. 2014:171:178-86. doi: 10.1176/appi\najp 2013.13020225. Depressed patients with bipolar disorder\nand one lifetime anxiety disorder responded better to intensive\npsychotherapy (IPSRT, CBT, and FFT) than collaborative care,\ncompared to patients with bipolar disorder without anxiety or\nwith multiple anxiety disorders.\n35. Frank E, Cyranowski JM, Rucci P. Shear MK, Fagiolini A. Thase\nME, et al. Clinical Significance of Lifetime Panic Spectrum\nSymptoms in the Treatment of Patients With Bipolar I Disorder\nArch Gen Psychiatry. 2002 59:905. doi:10, 1001/archpsyc 59.10.90s.\n36,. Inder ML. Crowe MT, Luty SE, Carer JD, Moor S, Frampton CM.\net al. Randomized, controlled trial of Interpersonal and Social\nRhythm Thenapy for young people with bipolar disorder. Bipolar\nDisord. 2015:17:128-38. doi:10.1111/bdi. 12273. In this RCT\ncomparing IPSRT to specialist supportive care in young\npeople with bipolar disorder, both groups improved on\ndepressive symptoms, manie symptoms, and social functioning\nfrom pre- to post-treatment. There were no differences between\nIPSRT and specialist supportive care.\n37. Swartz HA, Frank E. Cheng Y. A randomized pilot study of psy-\nchotherapy and quetiapine for the acute treatment of bipolar II\n",
"depression. Bipolar Disord. 2012;14:211-6. doi:10.1IIlj.1399-\n5618.2012.00988 x.\n38. Swartz HA, Frank E, O'Toole K. Newman N, Kiderman H, Carlson\nS. et al. Implementing interpersonal and social rhythm therapy for\nmood disorders across a continuum of care. Psychiatr Serv.\n2011:62:1377-80. doi:10.1176 ps.fi2.11.pss6211_1377.\n39. Hoberg AA, Ponto J, Nelson PJ, Frye MA. Group Interpersonal andi\nSocial Rhythm Therapy for Bipolar Depression. Perspect Psychiatr\nCare. 2013:49:226-34. doi: 10.1111 ppc.12008.\n40. Bouwkamp CG, De Kruif ME, Van Troost TM, Snippe D. Blom\nMJ. De Winter RFP, et al. Interpersonal and social rhythm group\ntherapy for patients with bipolar disorder. Int J Group Psychother.\n2013:63:97-115. doi:10.1521ijep.2013.63.1.97.\n41. Hlastala SA, Kotler JS, McClellan JM, McCauley EA.\nInterpersonal and social rhythm therapy for adolescents with bipo-\nlar disorder: Treatment development and results from an open trial\nDepress Anxiety. 2010:27:457-64. doi: 10.1002 da.20668.\n42.. Goklstein TR., Fersch-Podrat R. Axelson DA, Gilbert A. Hlastala\nSA, Birmaher B. et al Early intervention for adokscents at high risk\nfor the development of bipolar disorder: Pikot study of Interpersanal\nand Social Rhythm Therapy (IPSRT). Psychotherapy. 2014:51:\n180-9. doi:10.1037/a0014396. This is the first time IPSKT was\nadministered in a primary prevention context. There was no\nchange in mood, but adolescents and their families reported\nmore consistent skep on the weekends. Participants reported\nhigh satisfaction with the program but recruitment was\ndifficult.\n43.. Pfoff MK, Zarotney JR. Monk TH. Can a function-based therapy\nfor spousally bereaved seniors accre benefits in both functional\nand emotional domains? Death Stud. 2014.38.381-6. doi:10.\n1080/07481187,2013,766658. Function-based therapy was\ncompared to emotionally-focused therapy in bereaved older\nadults. Both groups improved over time, but the function-\nbased therapy group showed significantly greater improvement\nin all functional and emotional variables.\n44. Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF, Monk TH, Berman SR. Kupler DJ. The\nPittsburgh sleep quality index: A new instrument for psychiatric\npractice and research. Psychiatry Res. 1989,28:193-213. doi: 10.\n10160165-1781(89190047-4.\n45. Lieberman DZ, Swayze S, Goodwin FK. Best Practices An\nAutomated Intemet Application to Help Patients With Bipolar\nDisorder Track Social Rhythm Stabilization. Psychiatr Serv.\n2011,62:1267-9. doi:10.1176 sppi.ps.62.11.1267.\n46.. Haynes PL, Kelly M. Warner L. Quan SF, Krakow B. Bootzin RR.\nCognitive Behavioral Social Rhythm Group Therapy for Veterans\nwith postraumatic stress disorder, depression, and sleep distur-\nbance: Results from an open trial. J Affect Disord. 2016:192:234\n43. doi:10.10169 jad.2015.12.012. This open trial examined a 12\nweek, group cognitive behavioral social rhythm therapy\n(CBSRT) for veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder, de-\npression, and sleep disruptions. Sleep, PTSD, and depressive\nsymptoms improved significantly at the 3-month follow-up.\nImproved social rhythm stability was associated with improve-\nment in PTSD but not depressive symptoms\n47. Healy D. Williams JM. Dysrhythmia, dysphoria, and depression:\nThe interaction of learned helplesaness and circadian dysrhythmia\nin the pathogenesis of depression. Psychol Bull. 1988;103:163-78,\ndot 10. 1037/0033-2909.103.2.163.\n48. Chanbless DL, Baker MJ, Baucom DH, Beutler LE, Calhoun KS,\nCrits-christoph P, et al. Update on Empirically Validated Thermpies,\nII. Clin Psychol. 1998,51:3-16. doi:10.1037le555332011-003.\nBrown GW, Harris TO. Social Origins of Depression. New York\nThe Free Press: 1978.\n49,\n"
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"Residual Spraying ORS) on malatia transmission in Benin, West Africa. Parast\nVectors. 201475\n2. Sovi A, Aaondekon R Akpon RY, Govodtchan R, Tokpannon F, Agossa F,\net al Impact of operational effectiveress of long ksting insecticidal nets\nILLINGI on malaria trarsmissian in pytethroid-sesistant arcas. Parasit Vectors\n20136319\n3 Tokponnon FT, Ogouyeni AH Sissinto Y, Sovi A, Grangueron V. Comése 5\net al mpat of long-lasting, insectioidal nets on anaemia and prevalence of\nPlasmodium falcioanum among childen under five years in areas with\nhighly resistant malaria vectors Malar\n4. Tokponnon FT. Aholouipe E Denon EY, Gnanquenon V, Bokossa A\nNguessan R et al Evalurtion of the coverage and effective use rate of\nlong-lasing insecticidai nets after nation-wide scale up of ther distributioni\nin Berin. Parasit Vectors. 201326\n1 20141376\ns. Akogbeto M. Natum A impact des moustiquares imprégndes de\ndeltaméchrine sur la tanankssion du paludkme dans un milieu coter\nlagunaie, Berin. Bul oc Pathol Esat. 199689291-8\n6. A2oun N Akpon R Akogbeto M Evidence of inceasing LI014F ka\nmutation fregueny in Anopheles gambiae si prettroid resistart folowing\na rationwide disnibution of LLINS by the Berinese National Malaria Contro\nPogramne Asan Pac I Trop Biomed 20144239-43\n7 Chousbou MS, Crabi Bingham GV, Knox TB. NDri L Kesse NB. et al\nIncrese in susceptitilty to insecticides with agng of wid Anopheles\ngambiue mosqutoes from Cote chvoire. BMC Infect De, 2012:12214\n8. Dabote A Baldet T, Chandre F, Akoobeto M Guguemde TR Domiet F. et al\nThe role of agricutural use of insecticides in resistance to prethroids in\nAnaphredes gambiae si in Burkira Fasa. Am I Trop Med Hyg. 2002617-2.\n9 Ranson H Abdakah H Badolo A Guelbeogo WM, Kerah-Hinzoumbe C\nYangaibe-Kalnoné E en al rsecticide resistano in Anopheles ganbiae data\ntom the first year ot a muti-coumy study highght the enent of the problem\nMala 1 200982\n0. Sovi A. Djegbé l Soumanou L, Tokpornan F, Grargumon V, Azordekon R\nel al Microdistrikution of the resistance of malaria vectors to Celtamethrin\nin the region of Plateou isoutheastern Benini in preparation for an\nissessment of the impact of resistatoce on the efectiveness of Long Lasting\nInsecticidal Nets (LLINeI. BMC Infect Ce. 2014:14:103.\n1. Ndath MO, Sougoufata S. Gaye A, Marenot C Konate L. Faye 0. et al\nResistance to DOT and pyrethroids and increased kdr mutation frequency in\nan Gambioe after the implementation of permethrin-teated nets in\nSenegal PLos One. 20127es1941\n2. Djogbénou L Paszeur N. Akogbéta M, WelM, Chandre F. Insecticide\nresitance in the Anopheles gambiae complex in Berin a nationwide\nsurvey. Med Vet Entamol 2011,29 26-67.\n3 Dogbénou L Dabire R, Dabaté A, Kengne P, Akogbeto M Hougard M.\net al kennificaton and geographic disibution of the ACE-IH mitation in\nthe maliria vector Anopheles gamblae in south-western Burkira Faso West\nAfrica Am I Trop Med Hyg 200878298.\n4. Yadouleton A, Padonou G AsidiA Moroux N. Blo-Banganna S. Corbel V.\net al recticide resetance status in Anopheles gambiae in southem Benin.\nMalor . 201093\ns. Tia E, Akogbeta M Kotfi A Toue M, Adja AM Mousa k et al Pyrethraid\nand DDT esstance of Anopholes gambiae ss. (Diptera Culicidae in five\nagrcultural econysems from Cote dvoe. Bl Soc Pathol Ect. 200699278-82\n6. Neane P. Erang I. Crousbou M, Tono C. Kofs A Mimptoundi R et al\nMultiple insectiode resistance mechanians in Anopheles gambise sl\npopulations fom Cameroon, Central Africa Parasit Vectos 201341\n7. Vortas K, Hejsei M, Hakes NI Casmidis N Loukan M. Hemingway\nResstance assooioted pont mutationa of organophasphate insensitne\nocetykcholinesterase, i the olve tuit fy Bactroceta oleae roect Mol Bidl.\n2002, 11329-36\n8. WHOPES. WHO recommended insecticide products for treatment of\nmosquto rets for malaria vector control. Geneva World Health\nOrganizatiar, 2014\n9WHOPES WHO secommended insecticides for indoor residual spraying\ngsinst malaria veciors Geneva World Heath Organizatior, 2015\n0. Walker K Cost-comparison of DOT and alternative ireectcides for malaria\ncontrol Med Vet Entomol. 200014345-54\n",
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"Oegetser DA MUM\nFNAS with regulatoy potency Nature 20134%333-8\n9. Gao Y, Warg 1 Zhao F. CM: an eficient and unbiased slgorithm for de\nnovo circular ANA identification Gerome Siol. 2015:164\nWang K Singh D. Zeng 2. Coleman SI, Huang Y, Savich GL, He X.\nMieczkowski P. Grmm SA Perau CM, et al Mapspice accurate\nmapping of RNA-seg reads for spice junction discovery. Nudeic\nAcids Res, 201038r178.\n1 Hansen TB, Veno MT, Camgaard CK, Kems 1 Comparison of ciecular RNA\nprediction tock, Nucieic Acids Res. 20D16,4ke58\n2. Andres-Leon E Nunez-Tomes R Rojas AM. miARma-Seg a comprehenshe\nrool for miNA, mNA and cicRNA anlysis. So Rep. 2016 25749\n8. U Yang Zhou P, Le Y, Zhou C Wang 5. XuD, Un HK Gong Z. Crcslar\nHNAS in cancer, novel insights into origins, properties, furctions and\nimplcations. Am / Corcer Res. 20155472-80\n4. Hansen TB, Kjems 1. Demgsard CK Crodar RNA and mik-7 in canocer.\nConcer Res 201 3735609-12\n6. Bachmayr Heyda A Reiner AT, Auer K Suldbarar N Aust 5. Hachlete\nHofimann T, Mesteri L Grunt TW, Zelinger R Pik D. Comelation of dicuar\nHNA abundance with praiferation-eremplitied with colarectal and\nDvatian cancer, idiopathic lung tbrosk, and nomal human tissues\nSo Rep. 2015,58057,\n6 Zhang L Zhang 5. Yao 1 Lowery FA Dang Q. Hang WT. LIP,U M Wang\nX. Zhang Cet al Microenvironmentinduced PTEN loss by esosomal\nmiooRNA pemes bain metastasis oungrowdh, Nanure 2015:527100-4\n7. Pant S, Hiton R Burczyrski ME The multfaceted exosome: biogenesis, role\nin nomal and aberrart celulr function, and frontieri for phamacological\nond biomarker opportunibes. Biochem Pharmacol 201 283:1434-94\na. UY, Zheng Q, Bao C, LIS Guo W. Zhao J Chen D, Gu 1 He X Huang S\nCicular ANA is enriched and stable in exosemes a promsing biomarker for\ncancer dagnosis Cel Res. 201525981-4\n. Salman , Gawad C Wang PL, Lacayo N. Bliown PD. Cicular ANAS aso the\npredominant tanscript kalom from hundreds of human genes in diverse\nl types. Plos One 2012Je30733.\nWu a Wang Y. Cao M, Pantaleo V. Bungyan . U WX, Ding SW Homologs-\nIndependent discovery of iepicating pathogeric orcur RNAS by deep\nvequencing and a new computational aigorthm Proc Nati Acad So USA\n2012 1093938-43\n1. Lee Y. Ahn C. Han . Croi H Kim L Yim Lee Provost P, Radmark 0, Kim\n5 Kim VN The udeor RNase II Drosha intuates microRNA processing\nNature. 2003:425-415-9.\n2. Ohtani K. Dimmeler S. Contol of cardovasoudar differentiation by\nmicroANAs. Basic Res Cardal. 2011:1065-11.\na qun L, Van Laake LW, Hang Y, Liu S, Wendand ME, Stvastava O mR 24\ninhibits apoptosis and repsesses Bem in mouse cardamyocytes 1Eap Med\n2011,20BS49-60.\n4. Wang X Zhang X Ren XP, Chen . Uu H Yang 1. Medvedovic M Hu Z Fan\nC. McroRNA-494 rageting both proapoptotc and ancapoptotk proteins\nprotects agang ischemia/reperfusion-induced cardac injury. Crodation.\n20101221305-18\n6. Sayed D. He M Hong C. Gao S Rane S Yarg Z. Abdelatif M MiroRNA-21 is\na downstrem ellector of AKT that medates its antiapoptotic effects va\nuppression of Fn igand. JBiol Chem, 2010.28520081-90.\n6. UP. MicraRNAs in cardac apoptosis. J Cardiovast Trarel kes 20103219-24\n7. Capel B Swain A Nicols S Hadker A Water M Koopman P, Goodfelow P.\nLovel Badge R Crcular transcrips of the tests determining gene Sry in\nadut mouse teais Cel. 1993,73:1019-30\na SamenaL Polseno L. Tay Y, Kats L Pandoti PP. A ceRNA hypothesis the\nRosetta stone of a hidden RNA anguigel Cell 2011;146353-8\n8. Lee KY, L M, MAanchanda M Botra R Charizanis K, Mohan A Wanen SA\nChamberlain OM Finn D. Hong H. et al Compound loss of musdebind-ike\nfunction in myotonic dystrophy. EMBO Mol Med. 201351887-900\n0. Castelo A Fbcher 8, Echebaum K Haros R Beckmann BM, Strein C, Covey NE\nHumphreys DT, Preiss T, Stenmetz LM, et ol. insights into RNA biology fiom an\ntlas of mammakan TANA-binding proteirs. Cel. 2012141393-400.\n1. Abe N, Matsumoto K, Nishihara M Nakana Y, Shibaa A, Maruyama H\nShuto S Matsuda A Yoshida M. Ita Y, Abe H Roling circle transtation\nof cicuar RNA in iing human cels. Sci Rep. 2015,5.15435.\n",
"64. Thomas LF. Saetrom P. Ccular RNAS ane deplered of polymorphisms at\nmiooRNA bindng stes Bicinfonratics 2014302243-6\n65 Chen CY, Samow P. Intiation of protein syrthesis ky he eukaryotic\ntranslational appaatus on OKuar RNAS Sdence 1995:268415-7\n66 Pemiman R Ares MI. Cicuar MANA can drect trarskrion of estremely long\nrepeating-seqerce proteins in vivo. RNA 199841047-54\n67 han MA, Recnan YA Aufero 5, van den Hoogenhot MM, van der Made L\nBeggal A, Koolbergen DA, Rasmussen TR Van Der Velden i Creemers EE\nPinto YM. RBM20 regudanes cicular RNA prodution from the Trin gene\nCic Res 2016119M96-1003.\n68 Rybak-Wolt A, Stommeister C. Gaar P, Jens M Pino N. Gusi 5 Hean M.\nBehm M Bartok O Ashwal-Fluss R et al Gruar RNAS in the mammalan\nbrin are highly abundarr, conserved, and dyanicaly espressed Mol Cel\n201558870-85\n* Dropcho El. Chen YT, Poner B. Ok LI. Ooring af a brain proten identfies\nby autoartitodies fron a patient with paraneoplastic ceebelar degeneraion\nProc Nati Acad Sci U5A. 1987944552-6\n70 Fume HM Dropcho EL Babur D. Chen YT, Rosentium MK. Okd .\nPosner JB. Characrerication of a CDNA encoding a 34Da Purkinje neuron\nprotein recognized by sera from patients with paraneoplastic cerebellar\ndegeneration. Proc Nart Acad Sci USA 1989a2873-7\n71. Chen YT, Retrig WI Yenamancka AK, Kosak CA Oaganti RS. Posner JR Old U\nCerebelar degenestion-elred anigert a highly conserved neurcecodemal\nmarker mapped to cuamosomes X in huran and mouse Poc Natl Acad So\nUSA 1990873077-81.\n72. Du WW, Yang W, Liu E. Yang Z. Dhaliwal P. Yang B8. Fooo3 orcular RNA\nretards cell cycle progression via forming temary compleves with p2t and\nCD2 Nudeic Acids Res 201642846-58\n73. Dại L Lu Y, Lu A Wen X Xu Z. Wang Z. un H Tang 5. Maguúre AR, Quan J\net al A novel cydinbycinA-CDK inhibtor tagets p27Kipl) degradation\ncell cycle progression and cell survival impications in arce therapy\nCancer Lett 2013333 103-12.\n74 Wang Y. Yuan Z You C Han UH Dang Z. Yan H Overeepession\nP2WAFICPI in suppressing retinal pigment epithelal celk and\nprogression of proliferative vitreoretinapathy via inhibition CDK2 and oydin\nE BAC Ophtlmol. 201414144\n75. UF. Zarg LUW, Deng i. Zheng 1An M Lu 1. Zhou Y. Circar RNA ITCH\nhas inhibtory effect on ESCC by suppressing the Wrebetacaterin\npathway Oncotarget. 201566001-13.\n76. Hang G Zhu H. Shi Y, W. W. Gai H. Chen X. di-ITCH pkays an inhkitary\nrole in colarectal canoer by regulating the Wre/beta-caterin pathway. Plos\nOne 2015:10e131225.\n77. UP, Chen 5, Chen H, Mo X UT, Shao Y, Xiao R Guo 1 Using crodar RNA\nas a novel type of biomatker in the screening of gasnic cancer. Clin Chim\nAa 201544.132-6\n78. Xuan L Qu L. Zhou H. Wang P, Yu H, Wu T. Wing X,UO. Tan L L M Sun\nY. Crcdar RNA a novel biomarker for progressive lanyngeal cancer Am )\nTransl Res. 2016a932-9\n29 Somervaile TC. Cleary ML Gist for the ML how do ML oncogenic fusions\nproteins generate leukemia stem oells? Int Hematol. 201091 735-41.\n80 Grueber CE Walis GP, mieson K. Genetic ditt outweghs natural selection\nat tol-ke receptor (TLR mmunky loc in a reirooduced population of a\nthestened speces Mol Ecol. 2013224470-82\n81. Dos SA Veira TP. Simioni M Monseiro FP. GI-Da-Sava-lopes L. Partal\nmonosomy 21 lal12 a213 combined with 30253 pter monosomy due\nto an unbalanced transkocation in a paiert preseming dysmorphic teatures\nand developmental delay. Gene 2013513301-4\n82 Guarmerio A Bezai M Jeong JC Patfenholz 5V, Berny K. Nakiri MM, LO-Coco\nF, Tay Y. Bedk AH, Pandolfi PP Oncogenic role of fusion-ciRNAS derived\nfrom cancer-assocared chromosomal translocations. Cel 2016165-289-302\n83. Embree LI Azuma M Hikstein DD. Ewing sarcoma fusion protein EWSRI/\nFUI interacts vith EWSRI leading to minotic defects in zebrafish embryos\nand human cel ines. Cancer Res 2009694363-71\n84. Maeli MP. Soza G Herendez L Pertirossi V, NavanoA Come D. Gaparini P,\nPenone F, Modena P, Pastorino U, e a. EML4-ALK rearangemert in non-smal\ncell lung cancer and non-tumor hung 1sues Am J Pathol 200017466I-70\n85 Melino G Galagher E Ageilan RI Kright R Peschiasoli A Rossi M Scaloi F,\nMatresta M. Zocchi L. Browne G et al bote a HECT-tvoe F joase\n"
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"Smith DR, et al. 2010, The Dunalels salna organele genomes: large se\nquences, inflated with intronic and intergenic DNA. BMC Plant Biol.\n10:83.\n",
"Smith DR, et a. 2011.\nthe green alga Coccornysa give insight into the evolution of organele\nDNA nucleotide landscape. PLos One 6e23624.\nThe GC-rich mitochondnal and plastid genomes of\n",
"Smith DR, et al. 2013. Organelle genome complexity scales postively with\norganism size in volvocine green algae. Mol Biol Evol. 30:793-797.\n",
"mith DR, Lee RW. 2009 The mitochondral and plastid genomes of\nVolvox carten bloated molecules rich in repetitive DNA BMC\nGenorics 10:132.\n",
"pra-Carrasco V, talavera G, Igea I, Castresana l. 2007. The K tree score:\nquantification of differences in the relative branch length and topology\nof phylogenetic trees. Bicinfarmatics 232954-2956.\n",
"Stoddard BL. 2014. Horring endorucleases from mobile group I ntrans\ndiscovery to genome engineering. Mob DNA. 5:7.\n",
"Tesler G. 2002. GRIMM: genome rearangements web server\nBioinformatics 18:492-493.\n",
"Turmel M, Brouard IS, Gagnon C, Ots C, Lemieux C. 2008. Deep division\nin the Chlorophyceae (CHorophyta) revealed by chloroplast phyloge\nnomic analyses. J Phycol 44.739-750.\n",
"urmel M, Gagron MC, O'Kelly C, Otis C, Lemieux C. 2009. The chloro-\nplast genomes of the green algae Fyramimonas, Monomastix, and\nAycnococcus shed new light on the evolutionary history of prasino-\nphytes and the origin of the secondary chioroplasts of euglerids, Mol\nBiol Evol. 26:631-648.\n",
"urmel M Otis C. Lemieux C. 2002. The diloroplast and mitochondral\ngenome sequences of the charophyte Chaetosphaeridum globosum:\ninsights into the timing of the events that restructured organelle DNAS\nwithin the green algai ineage that led to land plants Proc Nati Acad\nSci USA 99:11275-11280.\nurmel M Otic C Lemiouo C co\n2006 The comrleta chinronlast DNA\n",
"Associate editor: Shu-Maw Chaw\n",
"during the evolution of the Zygnematales. BMC Bidl. 3:22.\nTurmel M. Otis C, Lemieux C. 2009. The chloroplast genomes of the green\nalgae Pecinomonas minor, Parachlorela kesleri, and Oocystis soitario\nreveal a shared ancestry between the Pedinomonadales and\nChlorelaks. Mol Biol Evol. 26.2317-2331.\nTumel M, Otis C, Lemieux C. 2013. Tracing the evolution of streptophyte\naigae and ther mitochondrial genome. Genome Biol Evol 5.1817-\n1835.\nTurmel M, Pornbert JF, Charlebois P, Otis C, Lemiex C. 2007. The green\nalgal ancestry of land plants as revealed by the chiloroplast genorme. ht\nI Plant Sci 168679-689\nWakasugi T, et al. 1997. Complete nucdeotide sequence of the chloroplast\ngenome from the gyeen alga Choreka vukgaris the existence of genes\npossikoly invohved in chioroplast division. Proc Nati Acad So US A\n94.5967-5972\nWang RI, et al 2008, Dynamics and evolution of the inverted repeat-large\nsingle copy junctions in the chioraplast genames of monocots. BMC\nEvol Biol. 836.\nWeng MI, Blazer K, Govindu M, Jansen RK. 2014. Reconstruction of the\nancestral plastid genome in Geraniaceae reveals a comelation between\ngenome rearrangements, repeats, and nucleotide substitution rates.\nMal Biol Evol. 31645-659.\nWolr PG, Karol KG. 2012. Plastomes of bryophytes, lycophytes and ferns.\nh: Bock R, Knoop V, editors. Geromics of chloroplasts and mitochon-\ndria. Dordrecht (The Netherlandk): Springer. p. 89-102.\nWu Cs, Chaw SM 2014. Highly rearranged and size-variable chloroplast\ngenomes in conifers I clade (cupressophytest: evolution towards\nshorter intergenic spacers. Plant Biotechnol J. 12:344-353.\nXa X. 2013. DAMBES a comprehersive software package for data\nanslysis n mokecular biology and evolution. Mol Biol Eval\n30:1720-1728\nXu W, Jarneson D, Tang B, Higgs PG. 2006. The relationship between the\nrate of molecuar evolution and the rate of genome rearrangement in\n",
"Wolf PG, Karol KG. 2012. Plastomes of bryophytes, lycophytes and ferns\nn: Bock R, Knoop V, edtors. Geromics of chkaroplasts and mitochan-\ndria, Dordrecht (The Netherlands: Springer. P. 89-102.\n",
"Mu CS. Chaw SM 2014. Highly rearranged and size-variable chloroplast\ngenomes in conifers I clade (cupressophytest evolution towards\nshorter intergenic spacers. Plant Biotechnol J. 12:344-353.\n",
"a comp\nersive sortware package for Gata\nanalysis in molecular biology and evolution. Mol Biol Evol\n30.1720-1728.\n",
"Tang B, Higgs\nonsnp betveer\nrate of molecular evokution and the rate of genome marrangement in\nanimal mitochondrial genomes. J Mol Evol, 63.375-392.\n",
"Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/gbe/article/7.7/2062/632170 by guest on 27 July 2021\n"
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