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this invention discloses a dmos planar power device having a plurality of transistor cells formed in a semiconductor substrate with a drain region of a first conductivity type disposed at a bottom surface of the substrate . each of the dmos transistor cells includes a polysilicon segment constituting a gate supported on a top surface of the substrate wherein the gate being disposed substantially in a center portion of the transistor cell . the dmos transistor cell further includes a source region of the first conductivity type disposed in the substrate surrounding edges of the gate with a portion extends underneath the gate . the dmos transistor cell further includes a body region doped with a body dopant of a second conductivity type disposed in the substrate encompassing the source region . the body region has a portion extending underneath the gate having a under - the - gate distance less than a lateral diffusion of the body dopant and the body region having outer edges extending outwardly to neighboring transistor cells . the dmos transistor cell further includes a shallow low - concentration first - conductivity - type region under the gate wherein the shallow low - concentration first - conductivity - type region having a depth shallower than a depth of the source region . | 7 |
an soi wafer and a method for forming the same , where the method for forming an soi wafer includes : preparing a monocrystalline silicon wafer on which a mask layer is formed ; etching the mask layer and the monocrystalline silicon wafer to form several trenches ; forming a first insulating layer on the sidewalls and the bottoms of the trenches ; etching and removing the first insulating layer on the bottoms of the trenches ; etching along the trenches the monocrystalline silicon wafer beneath the trenches to form cavities ; processing the inner walls of the cavities to form a second insulating layer ; and filling up the trenches and the cavities with an insulating material layer . the process of the invention is easy to be implemented at a low manufacturing cost and an soi wafer being formed is of high quality while being capable of being compatible with a standard process of manufacturing a bulk silicon cmos . | 7 |
an air control regulator regulates the amount of air flowing into the inlet of a combustion chamber by causing flowing air to support a disc located in the air passage against the force of gravity . air passes around the edges of the disc and is channeled into a plurality of airflows by ovoid depressions in the inner surfaces of the regulator forming a venturi chamber . by regulating the airflow into the combustion chamber , combustion efficiency is improved . | 8 |
a male contraceptive device includes a condom - like sheath that is placed over the male genital member and has a flavor - infusing agent disposed within the distal end . the distal end is operable to release , eject , or secrete the flavor - altered semen during male ejaculation . the condom - like sheath is shaped to elastically conform to the elongated shape of a male genital member . the sheath has an open proximal end for receiving the male genital member and the distal end has a distal tip that is selectively closed . the distal tip defines a reservoir containing the flavor - infusing agent and is operable , upon pressure of seminal fluid entering the reservoir , to cause the flavor profile or characteristic of the seminal fluid to be altered and to permit the release of the seminal fluid that has entered the reservoir . | 0 |
an electrosurgical instrument that is capable of generating high - quality rf energy at a single frequency in the mhz range best suited for delicate , precise and quick - healing cutting procedures with low leakage currents using a monopolar handpiece , and also provides high - quality rf energy at the same frequency suited for use for carrying out similar procedures for use with a bipolar handpiece . in a preferred embodiment , the instrument is capable of generating sub - modes of electrosurgical currents with different waveforms optimized for cutting and hemostasis , and the various sub - modes are available for both the monopolar and bipolar handpieces . a preferred operating frequency is in the range of 4 mhz . the instrument includes means for maintaining a substantially constant power output irrespective of selection of one of the sub - modes . | 0 |
a multiple beam path surveying instrument is provided , which possesses an upper part that is rotatable about a vertical axis and which comprises a telescope body that can be swiveled about a tilt axis , with the vertical and tilt axes orthogonally intersecting at an intersection point s . at least two optical arrangements with optical beam paths are set up inside the telescope body . driving and / or adjustment devices are provided for rotating the upper part about the vertical axis and the telescope body about the tilt axis . further , measuring systems for determining the rotational angle of the upper part of the survey instrument about the vertical axis and the telescope body about the tilt axis are provided . a computer system may be used to evaluate the measurements , determine , display and / or record the measurement results , as well as to control the driving and adjustment devices for the telescope body and the upper part . | 6 |
a circuit and method is described for automatically testing multiple ldo regulator circuits on an integrated circuit chip independent of an ate . each ldo regulator is tested for voltage at a specified current output capability , wherein the output driver transistor is formed by at least two pass transistors , which are each tested for voltage output at a particular current capability . the test results are delivered back to the ate and for a failed test , the gate voltage of the pass device can be observed through an analog multiplexer to enable debug . | 6 |
a masonry block and hardware set for constructing dry stack walls and columns , including a wall unit , a corner unit , and an end unit , wherein each of the wall , corner , and end units have a top surface with a depression that is brought into substantial alignment when an adjoining block at the same level or in the same course is abutted with the respective unit , and further wherein when any two of the units are adjoined , the units create a vertically oriented space for accommodated clamping hardware , and further wherein each of the end and corner units include an alignment slot to align the end units and the corner units in relation to adjoining wall units . clamping hardware is employed to bolt the wall while construction proceeds , the hardware being disposed in the masonry unit depressions and in the vertically oriented space created by stacked units . the clamping provides a downwardly directed compressive force and lateral rigidity . | 4 |
a method of rolling metal strip , and in particular steel strip , in which the metal strip passes through the roll gap of at least one roll stand , allows the work rolls of the roll stand which define the roll gap to be able to be shifted along their axes of rotation if differences occur in the shape of the roll gap from its desired shape . the method provides for flat products to be rolled which meet very stringent requirements in respect of their dimensional accuracy . for this purpose , the work rolls are shifted in the same direction in accordance with the invention , following a given shift strategy which is characterized by a regular change in the direction of shift as a function of the reaching of given maximum shifted positions . | 1 |
We have conducted a search for L subdwarf candidates within the photometric catalogues of the UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey and Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Six of our candidates are confirmed as L subdwarfs spectroscopically at optical and/or near-infrared wavelengths. We also present new optical spectra of three previously known L subdwarfs (WISEA J001450.17-083823.4, 2MASS J00412179+3547133, and ULAS J124425.75+102439.3). We examined the spectral type and metallicity classification of subclasses of known L subdwarfs. We summarized the spectroscopic properties of L subdwarfs with different spectral types and subclasses. We classify these new L subdwarfs by comparing their spectra to known L subdwarfs and L dwarf standards. We estimate temperatures and metallicities of 22 late-type M and L subdwarfs by comparing their spectra to BT-Settl models. We find that L subdwarfs have temperatures between 1500 and 2700 K, which are higher than similar-typed L dwarfs by around 100-400 K depending on different subclasses and subtypes. We constrained the metallicity ranges of subclasses of M, L, and T subdwarfs. We also discussed the spectral-type and absolute magnitude relationships for L and T subdwarfs. | 9 |
signatures for multiple encodings is disclosed . in some embodiments , signatures for multiple encodings includes receiving a first signature of digitally signed data , wherein the first signature is a digital signature of data included in a first document having a first document encoding ; receiving a second signature of digitally signed data , wherein the second signature is a digital signature of data included in the first document having a second document encoding , and wherein the first document encoding and the second document encoding are different document encodings ; receiving a third signature of digitally signed data , wherein the third signature is a digital signature of data included in a canonicalized version of the first document having a canonical encoding , and wherein canonicalizing the first document includes providing a different order of data within the first document based on a canonical ordering ; selecting a signature from the received first signature , the received second signature , and the received third signature , wherein the first signature , the second signature , and the third signature are associated with the first document to provide a digitally signed first document ; and verifying the digitally signed data using the selected signature . | 7 |
a single piece of material is formed to have enclosing side walls , the bottom edges of which are cut to form at least four flaps which are direct extensions of the side walls . the lower edges of pairs of the flaps are joined to form joints which cross at a single point . | 1 |
a built - in sink including at least one wash basin and at least one garbage chute is provided with a cover plate which is fastened to the sink so as to be laterally displaced or folded into a position next to the sink . the cover plate may be divided into two halves which are pushed together toward the center over the sink and the garbage chutes . | 4 |
a biodegradable polymer is provided for use in providing syringeable , in - situ forming , solid biodegradable implants for animals . the polymer is placed into the animal in liquid form and cures to form the implant in - situ . a thermoplastic system to form said implant comprises the steps of dissolving a non - reactive polymer in biocompatible solvent to form a liquid , placing the liquid within the animal , and allowing the solvent to dissipate to produce the implant . an alternative , thermosetting system comprises mixing together effective amounts of a liquid acrylic ester terminated , biodegradable prepolymer and a curing agent , placing the liquid mixture within an animal and allowing the prepolymer to cure to form the implant . both systems provide a syringeable , solid biodegradable delivery system by the addition of an effective level of biologically active agent to the liquid before injection into the body . | 8 |
a device for preparing drinks that incorporate a capsule selection function connected to a system for brewing the contents of the capsules to enable brewing to take place under optimal conditions . the device includes a storage system comprising capsules arranged in several sets , a mechanism for capturing a capsule individually from a set and releasing the capsule into a brewing system . the capture mechanism is able to move between the storage system and the brewing system and is designed in such a way as to adopt at least two positions , a first or reception position in which the capsule is held and is able to be transferred by the capture means and a second or release position in which the capture means can be opened to release the capsule from the capture mechanism . the device provides advantages in the handling of the capsule after its selection , in particular , its transfer , the brewing of its contents , and , optionally , the ejection of the spent capsule in a reliable , rapid and automated manner . in addition , the invention provides more reliable usage with no problems of pouring and draining the liquid extract . | 0 |
a method for displaying hypertext data comprises displaying a first document represented in a first markup representation and containing at least one hypertext link , and in response to a user input selecting a first hypertext link in the first document , accessing an external document represented in a second markup representation , the first hypertext link having an original state pointing to the external document . the method further comprises converting the second markup representation of the external document into a first markup representation of the external document , and incorporating the first markup representation of the external document into the first document . the method can also include modifying the first hypertext link from the original state to a second state having an internal link pointed to the first markup representation of the external document in the first document . | 8 |
We report the very bright detection of cold molecular gas with the IRAM NOEMA interferometer of the strongly lensed source WISE J132934.18+224327.3 at z = 2.04, the so-called Cosmic Eyebrow. This source has a similar spectral energy distribution from optical-mid/IR to submillimeter/radio but significantly higher fluxes than the well-known lensed SMG SMMJ 2135, the Cosmic Eyelash at z = 2.3. The interferometric observations unambiguously identify the location of the molecular line emission in two components, component CO32-A with {I}<SUB>CO</SUB>(3-2)}=52.2+/- 0.9 Jy km s<SUP>-1</SUP> and component CO32-B with {I}<SUB>CO</SUB>(3-2)}=15.7+/- 0.7 Jy km s<SUP>-1</SUP>. Thus, our NOEMA observations of the CO(3-2) transition confirm the SMG-nature of WISE J132934.18+224327.3, resulting in the brightest CO(3-2) detection ever of an SMG. In addition, we present follow-up observations of the brighter component with the Green Bank Telescope (CO(1-0) transition) and IRAM 30 m telescope (CO(4-3) and [C I](1-0) transitions). The star formation efficiency of ∼100 L <SUB>⊙</SUB>/(K km s<SUP>-1</SUP> pc<SUP>2</SUP>) is at the overlap region between merger-triggered and disk-like star formation activity and the lowest seen for lensed dusty star-forming galaxies. The determined gas depletion time ∼60 Myr, intrinsic infrared star formation SFR<SUB>IR</SUB> ≈ 2000 M <SUB>⊙</SUB> yr<SUP>-1</SUP>, and gas fraction M <SUB>mol</SUB>/M <SUB>*</SUB> = 0.44 indicate a starburst/merger-triggered star formation. The obtained data of the cold ISM—from CO(1-0) and dust continuum—indicates a gas mass μM <SUB>mol</SUB> ∼ 15 × 10<SUP>11</SUP> M <SUB>⊙</SUB> for component CO32-A. Its unseen brightness offers us the opportunity to establish the Cosmic Eyebrow as a new reference source at z = 2 for galaxy evolution. | 9 |
Exoplanetary systems show an incredible diversity, hosting planets with a vast range of masses, radii, and orbital separations. However, it is unclear whether this diversity stems from a distribution of initial conditions, and/or the result of multiple planet formation pathways. It is therefore fundamental to detect young, embedded planets during the process of formation. While the planets likely remain hidden by the disk at near-infrared wavelengths, they leave clear signatures in the velocity field in their vicinity, which can be detected with line observations with ALMA. This led to the development of the "disk kinematic" planet detection method in the last 5 years and offers a unique opportunity to probe the distribution of planets at the earliest stages of their formation. In this contribution, we present the results of the exoALMA planet-hunting campaign that targeted 15 protoplanetary disks with deep, high spatial, and high spectral resolution line observations. exoALMA offers the most complete view of planets at the extreme beginning of the age distribution. We will discuss our planet detection statistics, the constraints we can place on these youngest planets, the implications of these detections for the planet formation pathways, and our new kinematic view of the physical processes at play during planet formation. | 9 |
a control circuit controls the operation of a brushless dc sensorless motor having a first terminal connected to a first winding , a second terminal connected to a second winding and a third terminal connected to a third winding . a driver circuit applies drive signals to the first and second terminals and places the third terminal in a high - impedance state . the drive signals include first drive signals at a first current amplitude and second drive signals at a second current amplitude different from the first current amplitude . a differencing circuit senses a first mutual inductance voltage at the third terminal in response to the first drive signals and senses a second mutual inductance voltage at the third terminal in response to the second drive signals . the differencing circuit further determines a difference between the first and second mutual inductance voltages and produces a difference signal that is used for zero - crossing detection and rotor position sensing . | 7 |
a method for the preparation of pulp by means of alkaline cooking , in which method spent liquor is transferred to pressurized tanks , and at least one liquor is expanded corresponding to a temperature difference of 1 to 5 ° c . the generated steam is led to turpentine recovery . thus , the removal of turpentine and gases dissolved in said liquor is effective , the amount of recovered turpentine increases , and pulp of better washability and higher quality is obtained . | 3 |
the present disclosure describes novel peptidomimetic compounds which contain a novel class of isosteres and which inhibit the proteolytic activity of hiv protease and further describes therapeutic compositions comprising said compounds , a method of treatment for patients having the aids virus involving administering a therapeutically effective amount of the novel compounds of the present invention , and a method of preparation for said isosteres . | 0 |
a method and device for monitoring and measuring underwater physical therapy or exercise employing fluid elements in either enclosed compressible fluid filled chambers or aquatic exercise devices submerged in water . measurements are taken via pressure ports formed on first and second opposite surfaces of the hydrodynamic device to provide a pressure differential signal . this pressure differential signal may be compared to a calibrated zero signal to form a measurement signal . the measurement signal is then converted to a digital signal for evaluation by a digital computer . the exercise performed may be stored and evaluated . the arrangement provides information with regard to the type of exercise performed and the degree of exercise performed . | 0 |
the invention described here provides a novel method of preventing the loss of focus and range of colors when digital image files are expanded to a larger size . unlike interpolation algorithms and algorithms using fourier analysis to create new pixels , the present system uses a combination of pseudo - randomizing functions and user controlled edge detection to enhance edges initially softened by expansion using interpolation algorithms . the resulting images can be optimized to provide a superior approximation to what would be an accurate photographic representation at the larger image size . furthermore , the flexibility in edge detection sensitivity allows the operator to strongly mitigate the structural artifacts produced by lossy compression algorithms such as the jpeg system and sampling errors widespread in very small images . as a result files as small as 200 kilobytes can be effectively expanded to 250 or even 500 megabytes in many cases . | 6 |
the present invention relates to compounds of formula i , in which at least one of r5 , r6 and r7 is sr12 , sr12 or s2r12 group where r12 is a c1 - 6haloalkyl group , that act , as chemical uncouplers . compounds of the invention are useful in the treatment , including prevention , of obesity , diabetes and a number of diseases or conditions associated therewith . | 2 |
a nanocarbide precipitation strengthened ultrahigh - strength , corrosion resistant , structural steel possesses a combination of strength and corrosion resistance comprising in combination , by weight , about : 0 . 1 to 0 . 3 % carbon , 8 to 17 % cobalt , 0 to 10 % nickel , 6 to 12 % chromium , less than 1 % silicon , less than 0 . 5 % manganese , and less than 0 . 15 % copper , with additives selected from the group comprising about : less than 3 % molybdenum , less than 0 . 3 % niobium , less than 0 . 8 % vanadium , less than 0 . 2 % tantalum , less than 3 % tungsten , and combinations thereof , with additional additives selected from the group comprising about : less than 0 . 2 % titanium , less than 0 . 2 % lanthanum or other rare earth elements , less than 0 . 15 % zirconium , less than 0 . 005 % boron , and combinations thereof , impurities of less than about : 0 . 02 % sulfur , 0 . 012 % phosphorus , 0 . 015 % oxygen and 0 . 015 % nitrogen , the remainder substantially iron , incidental elements and other impurities . the alloy is strengthened by nanometer scale mzc carbides within a fine lath martensite matrix from which enhanced chemical partitioning of cr to the surface provides a stable oxide passivating film for corrosion resistance . the alloy , with a uts in excess of 280 ksi , is useful for applications such as aircraft landing gear , machinery and tools used in hostile environments , and other applications wherein ultrahigh - strength , corrosion resistant , structural steel alloys are desired . | 2 |
a liquid crystal display thin film transistor array includes gate bus lines , drain bus lines electrically isolated from the gate bus lines by a first insulating film , a thin film transistor arranged near the intersection of the gate bus line and the drain bus line , and a pixel electrode made of a transparent conductive film . the thin film transistor includes a gate electrode , a drain electrode , and a source electrode . the pixel electrode is electrically isolated from the drain electrode and the drain bus line by a second insulating film . a contact hole for electrically connecting to the drain bus line is formed in the second insulating film stacked on the drain bus line in a region including the intersection of the gate bus line and the drain bus line . an interconnection redundant film made of the same transparent conductive film as the pixel electrode is formed on the second insulating film so as to cover the contact hole . a method of fabricating this array is also disclosed . | 6 |
an interruption processing system in time division multiplex transmission system executes at a central control unit a group access for accessing in batch respective groups of a plurality of terminal units in response to at least part of superior bits of a specific address for one of the terminal units which requests an interruption , causes inferior bits of the address returned from the terminal unit requesting the interruption to the central unit , and allows the central control unit to specify the interruption requesting terminal unit on the basis of the superior and inferior bits of the address . extremely rapid specification of the interruption requesting terminal unit is thereby made achievable , and the operational response time of the transmission system can be shortened to a remarkable extent . | 7 |
a display device has a display panel in which patterns are impressed in conformity to the layout of a master instrument . with this display device , a pattern indicating a prescribed condition of the master instrument which is to be detected and a pattern representing a countermeasure for the prescribed condition are impressed on the display panel . patterns related to the conditions of the master instrument which can be coped with without cutting off a power switch are displayed in a first color and patterns related to the conditions of the instrument which cannot be coped with unless the power switch is cut off are displayed in a second color . when particular conditions of the master instrument are detected , then patterns denoting the detected conditions and patterns representing countermeasures for the detected conditions are visually indicated to teach the operator to take a proper action . | 6 |
a backlighting light fixture adapted for use in providing backlight illumination for display structures having a framework made of rail members assembled to define openings , with translucent , image bearing panels mounted in the openings . the backlighting light fixture has a reflector and lamp support portion is made of a resilient and flexible material , having an inside surface , an outside surface , and opposing side edges and top and bottom edges . a first attachment portion is attached to an inside surface of the reflector and lamp support portion . a light source is also provided , with a second attachment portion fixed thereto . the first and second attachment portions are detachably attachable together so that the light source can be detachably affixed to the inside surface of the reflector and lamp support portion . the backlighting light fixture is detachably engageable with the display structure by rearwardly bowing the outside surface of the reflector and lamp support portion carrying the light source , and engaging its side edges with the display structures so that the reflector and lamp support portion and its carried light source are securely retained in the area of the opening . | 5 |
for use with surgical suture bridges , a protective cover of generally flexible resilient material having smooth outer surfaces and disposed to cover sutures engaged and supported by a suture bridge , for protecting a suture from catching or rubbing on objects adjacent a surgical incision . fastener devices on the cover are disposed to releasably hold the cover in enclosing relationship to an otherwise exposed portion of a suture . | 0 |
an automated system for rapidly and safely evacuating used fluid from the drain plug opening of a fluid receptacle and replenishing the fluid receptacle with fresh fluid through the same drain plug opening . the automated fluid changing system includes an evacuation means for withdrawing the used fluid from the drain plug opening , a dispensing means for dispensing fresh fluid into the fluid receptacle through the drain plug opening , valve means for controlling the flow of fluids into and out of the fluid receptacle , and electronic control means which is in communication with the valve means , the evacuation means , and the dispensing means for automatically directing each phase of the fluid changing procedure . the evacuation means includes a suction pump for applying a suction force to withdraw the used fluid . the dispenser means includes a pump for dispensing the fluid into the fluid receptacle under pressure . the fluid changing system may be configured to dispense several different types of fluid , and is particularly suitable for dispensing automotive fluids , such as different grades of oil . air pressure from an external source is used to force all of the fresh fluid out of the dispenser means and into the fluid receptacle to prevent any substantial amount of the fresh fluid from mixing with a different type of fluid which may subsequently be dispensed through the fluid changing system . a computer controller automatically initiates the evacuation of the used fluid and the dispensing of fresh fluid upon receipt of appropriate instructions by an operator via a user interface panel . | 5 |
a method and apparatus for integrating a voice over internet protocol client in a wireless pc card are disclosed . a soft mobile phone client is combined with a cellular pc card to create a single physical device that is capable of providing voip services to a computer user through the cellular capabilities of the device itself , or alternatively , through any other internet connectivity available to the computer . when a user inserts the voip client / cellular pc card into a computer , a graphical user interface within the connection manager software is launched allowing the user to communicate voip function commands to the voip client . a check for internet connectivity may be performed , at which time the radio portion of the enhanced pc card may be put into an idle state if connectivity is detected , or may alternatively establish internet connectivity through the cellular portion of the enhanced pc card . | 7 |
the present invention relates to an improved process for the purification of tiacumicin b . specifically , the invention relates to a simplified , optimised process for the purification of tiacumicin b from a fermentation broth , using chromatography techniques . in particular , the invention relates to a method for purifying tiacumicin b which comprises subjecting a liquid containing tiacumicin b to at least one hydrophobic interaction chromatography step . the process according to the invention is simpler than the processes according to the prior art , and can easily be used on a large scale for commercial production . | 2 |
an operating mechanism disposed on a handle bar of a baby carriage for actuating locking mechanisms disposed at opposite ends of the handle bar and which locks the handle bar at a predetermined position or locks the baby carriage in a folded or an unfolded position . the handle bar has a hollow tubular construction and is bent in a u - shape or an inverted u - shape as viewed from its front . the operating mechanism includes a pair of slide members each of which is slidably disposed at the central portion of the handle bar , operating wires inserted into the handle bar , each of the operating wires having an upper end respectively retained by each of the slide members and a lower end attached to the locking mechanisms , and slide guide projections projecting from upper and lower sides of each of the slide members and an operating grip rotatably mounted on the surface of the handle bar , the operating grip having u - shaped guide grooves formed therein into which the slide guide projections are received . in this manner , the slide members can slide in the horizontal directions in the handle bar in response to rotation of the operating grips to thereby actuate the locking mechanisms . | 8 |
described herein are the methods the cact and tg non - volatile program erase methods , for programming and erasing nvm cells . this combination allows use of low voltage methods for program , and erases . the typical cell described uses the “ channel accelerated carrier tunneling method for programming memories ” for accumulating one type of carriers in the floating gate , and another method , the tunnel gun method , for accumulating the other type of carriers in the floating gate of the cells . these methods use low applied voltages to program and erase the non - volatile memory cell . the proposed catt cells by elimination of high voltage requirements are scalable with technology and easily manufacturable using current processes technologies . these cells also have multi - bit storage capability as the program erase methods used are self - limiting in character . another advantage is the increase in reliability of cells using this method due to reduced voltage stress . | 6 |
the present invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of 1 -- 2 , 2 , 2 - trifluoromethyl ethanones from 1 - halo - 3 - trialkylsilanyl - benzenes . 1 -- 2 , 2 , 2 - trifluoromethyl ethanones are useful for the treatment of alzheimer &# 39 ; s disease and senile dementia . in addition , the present invention relates to a novel process for purifying 1 -- 2 , 2 , 2 - trifluoromethyl ethanones utilizing a novel extraction method . | 2 |
my tooth cream will not stick , this is what makes it different from other tooth pastes . it can be dispensed in any type container , but it is different in that this toothpaste contains no thickeners , no carrageenan , no cellulose gum , no glycerin and no sls . my tooth crème can contain colorings , flavorings , preservatives , xylitol , sweetnings , fluoride . . . infinity . | 0 |
device for supplying a multiphase fluid comprising at least a liquid phase and a gas phase to a pumping assembly . the device consists of a tank including means for taking samples of the fluid , at least two , extending in the tank so as to run across the liquid - gas interface under normal working conditions , said sampling means comprise sample openings distributed on either side of said interface under normal working conditions , the sampling means being connected to the pumping assembly . | 5 |
turbocharger apparatus comprising a housing , a compressor , a turbine , a first inlet for enabling air to be conducted to the compressor , an outlet for enabling air from the compressor to be conducted to an engine , a second inlet for enabling exhaust gases from the engine to be conducted to the turbine , a chamber , a bearing assembly for permitting the rotation of the turbine , and a control system for controlling the speed of the turbine , the control system having an exhaust gas sealing system which prevents exhaust gas leakage from the turbocharger apparatus , and which allows expansion of parts within the exhaust gas sealing system at high temperatures . | 5 |
Scripts and things used to create the AMPds dataset. | 9 |
a system for redirecting a call via centralized bridges comprises a first conferencing platform based in a first country , a second conferencing platform based in a second country , and a third conferencing platform based in a third country , wherein the first conferencing platform dials the second conferencing platform and the third conferencing platform to provide a conference call between the second conferencing platform and the third conferencing platform . | 7 |
a three - dimensional shape measurement system produces three - dimensional information of an object , such as an eye fundus , by directing light onto the object , receiving the light reflected from the object , photoelectrically converting the received light and processing the electric signal . the system includes laser beam control circuitry for focal point shifting in the direction of the optical axis , and a pair of detectors for detecting variation in the focal position of the light reflected from the object and deriving information respecting the shape of the object in the direction of the optical axis . signal processing circuitry drives the laser beam control circuitry to produce a focused condition and adjusts the output signals of the detectors to a prescribed state . | 6 |
an omni - directional air vehicle having a pod with a connected turbofan system , the pod has a body that contains a power source for generating electrical power and a ducted fan with spherical articulation mechanism having a projecting arm with counter - rotating propellers and a ducted shroud around the periphery of the counter rotating propellers and containing drive motors for electrically driving the propellers . | 1 |
a method of manufacturing a thin film electronic device comprises applying a first plastic coating directly to a rigid carrier substrate and forming thin film electronic elements over the first plastic coating . a second plastic coating is applied over the thin film electronic elements with electrodes on top , with a portion lying directly over the associated electronic element , spaced by the second plastic coating . the rigid carrier substrate is released from the first plastic coating , by a laser release process . this method enables traditional materials to be used as the base for the electronic element manufacture , for example thin film transistors . the second plastic coating can form part of the known field shielded pixel technology . | 7 |
unused camera pixel locations are recovered when shifting from photographing an x - ray scintillation image of a larger subject to that of a substantially smaller one by using a suitably shorter optical path combined with appropriate changes in focus . the optical path for large subjects involves a first mirror followed by a second mirror . the camera receives light from the second mirror , and is in a fixed and unchanging physical relationship to that second mirror , forming a unitary mirror - camera assembly . to shorten the optical path that unitary assembly is rotated about an axis from a position where it was in the optical path downstream from the first mirror to one where the second mirror is interposed between the scintillation screen and the first mirror , and also such that the camera looks in a different direction along the shortened optical path length . focus adjustment to accommodate the different optical paths may be accomplished by changing the spacing of elements internal to the lens , or , the entire lens assembly can be moved a bit closer to or further away from the camera body . the scintillation image may be replaced with a glass plate carrying a document illuminated from within a housing carrying the unitary mirror - camera assembly . | 6 |
the tilt position of a steering device can be freely adjusted by changing the engagement position of facing sets of gear teeth . a pair of supporting plates each provided with a circular arc - shaped long hole is attached to the lower part of a steering column , and a shaft is received and freely movable within the long holes . the shaft is movable between positions for engagement and release of the gears , while being supported within the long holes of the plates . | 1 |
Cloudbursts in and around the southern rim of the Indian Himalayas are elusive in terms of their position and time of occurrences. Most of the reported cloudbursts are in the interior of the Himalayas and hence their observation itself is limited. Most of these events are reported once their affect in terms of loss to life and property is experienced in the downstream habitats. In addition, they are mostly associated with flash floods as an impact of the torrential precipitation. The principal understanding of the cloudburst is associated with sudden heavy deluge of precipitation in very less time interval over a very small area. Except this understanding and India Meteorology Department (IMD) definition of > 100 mm/h precipitation over a geographical region of approximately 20-30 km<SUP>2</SUP>, nothing much else is known about these events. There are a very few studies carried out on understanding of these events. Present paper synthesizes the available information and research on cloudburst events and tries to define it based on associated dynamics, thermodynamics and physical processes leading to a cloudburst event. Thus in the present work, characterizations and impacts of cloudburst leading from precipitation to dynamical to thermodynamical to large scale forcings to orographical forcings to followed geomorphology to impacts are intertwined to present comprehensive portray of it. Most of the cloudburst events are seen occurring in the elevation range of 1000 m to 2500 m within the valley folds of the southern rim of the Indian Himalayas. Apart from some of the large scale flow shown by few of the studies, it is found that cloudburst events are convectively triggered followed by orographically locked systems. These intertwined mechanisms lead cloudburst events to form. Amiss of any one of these mechanisms will not lead the cloudburst mechanism to form. These interactions in the present paper established the vagaries associated with the cloudburst events. | 9 |
a method for the therapeutic and prophylactic treatment of adeviruses , more specifically , a method for the therapeutic treatment of adenovirus in a subject by topically administering an antiviral effective amount of ctc - 96 to the subject . in addition , a method for the prophylactic treatment against an adenovirus infection in a subject by topically administering a prophylactically anti - adenovirus effective amount of ctc - 96 to the subject to minimize the likelihood of the subject veing infected by the adenovirus . | 0 |
the animal litter of the present invention is composed of plural discrete particles that are dual component granules . each of the absorbent granules of this invention is made up of an inner core and an external coating complex . preferably , the inner core of the granule is made with natural or artificial fibers , mineral filler , and binder . preferably , the coating of the granule is made with an agglomerating agent and with natural or artificial materials that reduce odors and / or prevent the formation of malodors . most preferably , the external coating layer consists essentially of bentonite , zeolite and / or boric acid , and , optionally , fine cellulose fibers . the granules of this invention are designed to agglomerate into clumps when wetted . the highly absorptive and lightweight litter of this invention substantially reduces litter box malodors , extends usage duration of a given cat litter volume unit , and increases consumer convenience by substantially reducing the weight of the product in conventionally sized packaging . | 0 |
a liquid crystal display includes a compact lc panel . the lc panel includes transparent front and rear plates between which a liquid crystal layer is disposed . the rear plate has a projecting portion which avoids facing the front plate . the projecting portion carries a semiconductor chip for display control and two capacitors cooperating with the semiconductor chip . one of the capacitors , first capacitor , is located farther from the semiconductor chip than the other or second capacitor is . a first conductor is provided for connecting the first capacitor to the semiconductor chip , and a second conductor is provided for connecting the second capacitor to the same chip . the first and the second conductors are made substantially equal in electrical resistance . | 7 |
a turbine with a variable inlet guide vane assembly in which the vane airfoils extend between inner and outer buttons , and in which a center of rotation of the airfoil is located aft of an aerodynamic center of pressure of the airfoil . the trailing edge of the airfoil extends into both of the buttons such that no gap is formed between the airfoil trailing edge region and a static part of the turbine during movement of the airfoil from an opened position to a closed position . | 5 |
a walkie - talkie device applies a continuous tone - coded squelch system to control signal transmission . the walkie - talkie device has an analog - to - digital converter , a digital signal processor , and a digital - to - analog converter . the signal processing method includes using the analog - to - digital converter to convert a first analog signal into a first digital signal , using the digital signal processor to handle a ctcss tone related to the first digital signal for generating a second digital signal , and using the digital - to - analog converter to convert the second digital signal into a second analog signal . the walkie - talkie device uses the ctcss tone to discriminate a required speech signal from other speech signals transmitted by the same physical channel . | 7 |
disclosed is a dispenser of an icemaker in a refrigerator for maximizing an inner space when a total size is the same , and for minimizing the total size when the inner space is the same . the dispenser of the icemaker in the refrigerator includes an ice chute being a passage through which the ice produced from the icemaker is discharged ; and a container supporter provided at an outer case and disposed to be perpendicular to an outer surface of the outer case when the ice is discharged outside through the ice chute , the contain supporter allowing a container seated thereon to receive the ice discharged from the ice chute . the ice chute is closed and not exposed outside when the ice - discharging process is finished , and the container supporter is not exposed to the outer surface of the outer case . | 5 |
a toy figure , such as a baseball player , which may or may not represent an actual identifiable person , is mounted upon a cylindrical base . carried in the base is a rotatable disk having a grooved , serrated , knurled or otherwise textured outer peripheral wall . an arcuate access opening in the side wall of the base exposes a segment of at least the textured peripheral wall facilitating spinning or rotation of the disk by the user &# 39 ; s thumb or finger . on the upper face of the disk , as disposed in the base , are a number of sectors , each of which contains indicia for determining an outcome in the play of a game . a viewing opening in the upper surface of the base permits viewing of a single sector on the disk . the underside of the disk has a series of radial grooves and / or ridges forming a face ratchet that cooperate with an upwardly biased pawl on the upper , inside surface of the bottom wall of the base to provide for the viewing of just one of the sectors on the upper surface of the disk through the viewing opening in the base . | 0 |
an encoding device performing an encoding process according to an encoding scheme using a cts indicating time at which presentation or reproduction is performed , comprising : an encapsulator that generates a media unit in which one or more access units encoded by the encoding scheme are capsulated , and a transmitter that transmits information indicating an absolute time of an access unit included at a top portion of the media unit , in addition to the media unit , wherein the encapsulator adds a cts relative value to the n th access unit included in the media unit , the cts relative value being a difference between the cts of the n th access unit and the dts of the n + 1 th access unit . | 7 |
proximity indication and evaluation for aircraft , using only the signals emitted by secondary surveillance radar and cooperating transponders , to detect intrusion in a monitored proximity volume and determine slant range and relative bearing to the intruder . | 6 |
For studies of Galactic evolution, the accurate characterization of stars in terms of their evolutionary stage and population membership is of fundamental importance. A standard approach relies on extracting this information from stellar evolution models but requires the effective temperature, surface gravity and metallicity of a star obtained by independent means. In previous work, we determined accurate effective temperatures and non-local thermodynamic equilibrium log g and [Fe/H] (NLTE-Opt) for a large sample of metal-poor stars, -3 < [Fe/H] < -0.5, selected from the Radial Velocity Experiment (RAVE) survey. As a continuation of that work, we derive here their masses, ages and distances using a Bayesian scheme and GARSTEC stellar tracks. For comparison, we also use stellar parameters determined from the widely used 1D LTE excitation-ionization balance of Fe (LTE-Fe). We find that the latter leads to systematically underestimated stellar ages, by 10-30 per cent, but overestimated masses and distances. Metal-poor giants suffer from the largest fractional distance biases of 70 per cent. Furthermore, we compare our results with those released by the RAVE collaboration (DR3) for the stars in common. This reveals -400 to +400 K offsets in effective temperature, -0.5 to 1 dex offsets in surface gravity and 10 to 70 per cent in distances. The systematic trends strongly resemble the correlation we find between the NLTE-Opt and LTE-Fe parameters, indicating that the RAVE DR3 data may be affected by the physical limitations of the 1D LTE synthetic spectra. Our results bear on any study, where spectrophotometric distances underlie stellar kinematics. In particular, they shed new light on the debated controversy about the Galactic halo origin raised by the SDSS/SEGUE observations. | 9 |
a pull gun is used for pulling a mandrel through an expandable sleeve positioned in a fastener hole . the mandrel expands the sleeve as it moves therethrough causing the sleeve to put the metal which surrounds the hole in a state of compression . the pull gun has alternative extensions or sleeve retainers having general appearances of collet chucks and they are adapted to be positioned adjacent holes being prestressed . the retainers are of relatively small diameter for operation through a drill fixture and in small spaces on a workpiece . | 8 |
methods and apparatus are provided for matching audio advertisements to items on a shopping list in a mobile device . audio advertisements are matched to items on a shopping list by obtaining the shopping list from a mobile device of the user ; applying a speech recognizer to at least one audio advertisement detected on a microphone of the mobile device ; identifying one or more key words in the at least one audio advertisement ; comparing the one or more identified key words to one or more items on the shopping list stored on the mobile device ; and storing the information related to the at least one advertisement if the one or more identified key words match the one or more items . | 6 |
the invention relates to the fault tree analysis system for a nuclear power plant with advanced boiling water reactor . the full digital instrument control system uses six different modes to simulate the transmission of the digital signals and the analog signals from the detection units . it is to develop the fault tree for various signal transmission modes to support the nuclear power plant in probabilistic risk assessment and meet requirements for simulated signal detection , transmission , logic operation and equipment actuation . thus , the digital instrument control flow process can fit into pra model and properly reflect its importance in risk assessment . | 6 |
the present invention provides a system for indicating the status of a loading dock to a driver . the system includes a signal detector configured to provide an indication to an operator when a signal generator is in a predetermined state . in one embodiment , the signal generator is configured to emit light when it is safe to leave the loading dock and the signal detector is configured to detect light . an operator interface is electrically connected to the signal detector . the operator interface is configured to convey to the operator the status determined by the signal detector . the signal detector is associated with a vehicle and the signal detector is adaptable to a plurality of signal generators . | 1 |
a new odor - less toilet system for drawing odors from a toilet bowl and not allowing them to escape into the bathroom . the inventive device includes air intake ports integrally formed in a toilet bowl rim in fluid flow communication with an exhaust chamber . | 4 |
a system for breast augmentation includes a plurality of microballoons . an injector can be provided for injecting microballoons into a breast through an incision in the breast . the microballoons can have a first dimension when in the injector and a second , larger dimension when in the breast . an injector and tissue dissector are also disclosed . a method for performing breast augmentation surgery and microballoons for use in the method are also disclosed . | 0 |
a delay element for fine tuning the position in time of timing edges of an input signal , comprising a first and a second inventer , each comprising a data input , a control input and a data output . the delay element further comprises a node comprised of a connection between the data output of the first inverter and the data input of the second inverter . an adjustable control voltage is included for applying a biasing voltage to the first and second control inputs to thereby control the amount of charge supplied to the node . finally , the variable capacitance means is connected to the node for applying finite amounts of capacitance to the node to delay and thereby fine tune in time the timing edges of the input signal propagating from the first inverter to the second inverter . | 7 |
We report on observations of 68 satellites belonging to the SpaceX Starlink constellation with the LOFAR radio telescope. Radiation associated with Starlink satellites was detected at observing frequencies between 110 and 188 MHz, which is well below the 10.7- 12.7 GHz radio frequencies used for the downlink communication signals. A combination of broad-band features, covering the entire observed bandwidth, as well as narrow-band (bandwidth < 12.2 kHz) emission at frequencies of 125, 135, 143.05, 150, and 175 MHz, was observed. The presence and properties of both the narrow- and broad-band features vary between satellites at different orbital altitudes, indicating possible differences between the operational state of, or the hardware used in, these satellites. While the narrowband detections at 143.05 MHz can be attributed to reflections of radar signals from the French GRAVES Space Surveillance Radar, the signal properties of the broad- and narrow-band features at the other frequencies suggest that this radiation is intrinsic to the Starlink satellites and it is seen for 47 out of the 68 Starlink satellites that were observed. We observed spectral power flux densities vary from 0.1 to 10 Jy for broad-band radiation, to 10 to 500 Jy for some of the narrow-band radiation, equivalent to electric field strengths of up to 49 dB [µ V m<SUP>−1</SUP>] (as measured at a 10 m distance from the satellites, with a measurement bandwidth of 120 kHz). In addition, we present equivalent power flux density simulations of the full Starlink phase 1 constellation, as well as other satellite constellations, for one frequency band allocated to radio astronomy by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). With these, we calculate the maximum radiation level that each satellite constellation would need to have to comply with regulatory limits for intended emissions in that band. However, these limits do not apply if the radiation is unintended, that is to say if it does not originate from intentionally radiated signals for radio communication or other purposes. We discuss the results in light of the (absence of) regulations covering these types of unintended electromagnetic radiation and the possible consequences for astronomical radio observations. | 9 |
We investigate the production sites and the enrichment history of r-process elements in the Galaxy, as traced by the [Eu/Fe] ratio, using the high resolution, cosmological zoom-in simulation “Eris.” At z = 0, Eris represents a close analog to the Milky Way, making it the ideal laboratory to understand the chemical evolution of our Galaxy. Eris formally traces the production of oxygen and iron due to supernovae (SNe) Ia and SNe II. We include in post-processing the production of r-process elements from compact binary mergers. Unlike previous studies, we find that the nucleosynthetic products from compact binary mergers can be incorporated into stars of very low metallicity and at early times, even with a minimum delay time of 100 Myr. This conclusion is relatively insensitive to modest variations in the merger rate, minimum delay time, and the delay time distribution. By implementing a first-order prescription for metal mixing, we can further improve the agreement between our model and the data for the chemical evolution of both [α/Fe] and [Eu/Fe]. We argue that compact binary mergers could be the dominant source of r-process nucleosynthesis in the Galaxy. | 9 |
Context. In the core accretion scenario of planet formation, rocky cores grow by first accreting solids until they are massive enough to accrete gas. For giant planet formation, this means that a massive core must form within the lifetime of the gas disk. Inspired by observations of Solar System features such as the asteroid and Kuiper belts, the accretion of roughly kilometre-sized planetesimals is traditionally considered as the main accretion mechanism of solids but such models often result in longer planet formation timescales. The accretion of millimetre- to centimetre-sized pebbles, on the other hand, allows for rapid core growth within the disk lifetime. The two accretion mechanisms are typically discussed separately. <BR /> Aims: We investigate the interplay between the two accretion processes in a disk containing both pebbles and planetesimals for planet formation in general and in the context of giant planet formation specifically. The goal is to disentangle and understand the fundamental interactions that arise in such hybrid pebble-planetesimal models laying the groundwork for informed analysis of future, more complex, simulations. <BR /> Methods: We combined a simple model of pebble formation and accretion with a global model of planet formation which considers the accretion of planetesimals. We compared synthetic populations of planets formed in disks composed of different amounts of pebbles and 600 metre-sized planetesimals to identify the impact of the combined accretion scenario. On a system level, we studied the formation pathway of giant planets in these disks. <BR /> Results: We find that, in hybrid disks containing both pebbles and planetesimals, the formation of giant planets is strongly suppressed, whereas, in a pebbles-only or planetesimals-only scenario, giant planets can form. We identify the heating associated with the accretion of up to 100 kilometre-sized planetesimals after the pebble accretion period to delay the runaway gas accretion of massive cores. Coupled with strong inward type-I migration acting on these planets, this results in close-in icy sub-Neptunes originating from the outer disk. <BR /> Conclusions: We conclude that, in hybrid pebble-planetesimal scenarios, the late accretion of planetesimals is a critical factor in the giant planet formation process and that inward migration is more efficient for planets in increasingly pebble-dominated disks. We expect a reduced occurrence rate of giant planets in planet formation models that take the accretion of pebbles and planetesimals into account. | 9 |
a relay box having a carrier plate 2 and a plug - in module 5 is disclosed . a conductor to be switched is brought into electrical contact with a relay 4 through the plug - in module 5 and a plug contact arranged in the plug - in module 5 . the relay is plugged both into the plug - in module 5 and into the carrier plate of the relay box through plug contacts . because of the modular arrangement , increased flexibility is possible when using a prefabricated carrier plate having terminal positions provided for a plurality of relays . | 7 |
We present ALMA 3 mm molecular line and continuum observations with a resolution of ∼3.5 arcsec towards five first hydrostatic core (FHSC) candidates (L1451-mm, Per-bolo 58, Per-bolo 45, L1448-IRS2E, and Cha-MMS1). Our goal is to characterize their envelopes and identify the most promising sources that could be bona fide FHSCs. We identify two candidates that are consistent with an extremely young evolutionary state (L1451-mm and Cha-MMS1), with L1451-mm being the most promising FHSC candidate. Although our envelope observations cannot rule out Cha-MMS1 as an FHSC yet, the properties of its CO outflow and SED published in recent studies are in better agreement with the predictions for a young protostar. For the remaining three sources, our observations favour a pre-stellar nature for Per-bolo 45 and rule out the rest as FHSC candidates. Per-bolo 58 is fully consistent with being a Class 0, while L1448 IRS2E shows no emission of high-density tracers (NH<SUB>2</SUB>D and N<SUB>2</SUB>H<SUP>+</SUP>) at the location of the previously identified compact continuum source, which is also undetected in our observations. Thus, we argue that there is no embedded source at the presumptive location of the FHSC candidate L1448 IRS2E. We propose instead that what was thought to be emission from the presumed L1448 IRS2E outflow corresponds to outflow emission from a nearby Class 0 system, deflected by the dense ambient material. We compare the properties of the FHSC candidates studied in this work and the literature, which shows that L1451-mm appears as possibly the youngest source with a confirmed outflow. | 9 |
The Gamma-Ray Integrated Detectors (GRID) is a space mission concept dedicated to monitoring the transient gamma-ray sky in the energy range from 10 keV to 2 MeV using scintillation detectors onboard CubeSats in low Earth orbits. The primary targets of GRID are the gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) in the local universe. The scientific goal of GRID is, in synergy with ground-based gravitational wave (GW) detectors such as LIGO and VIRGO, to accumulate a sample of GRBs associated with the merger of two compact stars and study jets and related physics of those objects. It also involves observing and studying other gamma-ray transients such as long GRBs, soft gamma-ray repeaters, terrestrial gamma-ray flashes, and solar flares. With multiple CubeSats in various orbits, GRID is unaffected by the Earth occultation and serves as a full-time and all-sky monitor. Assuming a horizon of 200 Mpc for ground-based GW detectors, we expect to see a few associated GW-GRB events per year. With about 10 CubeSats in operation, GRID is capable of localizing a faint GRB like 170817A with a 90% error radius of about 10 degrees, through triangulation and flux modulation. GRID is proposed and developed by students, with considerable contribution from undergraduate students, and will remain operated as a student project in the future. The current GRID collaboration involves more than 20 institutes and keeps growing. On August 29th, the first GRID detector onboard a CubeSat was launched into a Sun-synchronous orbit and is currently under test. | 9 |
a method of executing an instant messaging service using a wireless terminal in a wireless communication system includes associating at least one user as a messenger group , activating messenger communication with a server , transmitting a messenger group status activation message to the server , receiving status data associated with the messenger group , and displaying information representing an updated status of the at least one user of the messenger group based on the status data . | 8 |
a photoconductor has an active layer of gallium nitride having approximately 10 15 to 5 × 10 15 net donor sites per cubic centimeter and is sensitive to uv radiation . this photoconductor has at least one of a sheet resistance in the approximate range of 10 4 to 5 × 10 6 ohms / unit area and a relatively low level of photoluminescence in the range from about 430 - 450 nm when excited with light of energy higher than the bandgap energy of 3 . 4 ev . these criteria tend to define similar semiconductor materials which can form the active layer of an ultraviolet photodetector having the improved characteristics of a relatively low dark resistance , high sensitivity over at least a range of uv radiation intensity , and decreasing gain with increasing uv radiation . | 7 |
new cosmetic formulations containing free and derivatized forms of conjugated linoleic acid . these ingredients have beneficial effects related to their medicinal and nutritional properties , but also are engineered for their compatibility with standard cosmetic ingredients . certain vitamin / conjugated linoleic acid combinational molecules are described which deliver equimolar amounts of both free components to viable layers of the epidermis , thereby obtaining multiple functionality of the final product . | 8 |
a system , method and apparatus provide management of power to meet demand of consumers that consume the power . an interface is configured to receive a pricing signal that indicates a price for the power . wherein the interface is configured to control an appliance coupled to the interface to shift adjusting power consumption sooner in time than the appliance is predetermined to shift its power consumption . | 6 |
a lawn mower includes an elongated downwardly open housing having an endless belt entrained therein about a pair of pulleys mounted at opposite ends of the housing . a plurality of c - shaped , channel - like blades are mounted transversely on the outer surface of the belt to cut the lawn as the housing is moved across the lawn on a plurality of rollers . the housing is divided into a plurality of sections which are pivotally interconnected so that the housing sections may pivot relative to each other due to uneven ground . guide brackets are provided within the housing to maintain the opposed reaches of the belt parallel to each other during such pivoting of the sections . | 8 |
an apparatus is equipped to receive network traffic data for network traffic routed over one or more network links relevant to a network link . selected numbers of analysis are performed to determine if the network link of interest is being misused . the analyses include but are not limited to analyses to determine whether the network traffic routed are inconsistent with an expected traffic pattern , whether unallocated source addresses are present , whether source addresses exhibit an uncharacteristic even distribution pattern , whether a server is uncharacteristically excessive in responding to the same source address , whether normal bursty behavior is absent from the traffic , whether a ratio of packets in one direction to packets in another direction is out of balance , whether a ratio of packets of one type to packets of another type is out of balance , and whether a server is uncharacteristically excessive in responding with error responses . | 7 |
a modular electrical wiring component comprises a wiring module having a wiring portion for coupling to a source of electrical power and a user - accessible portion configured to accept and provide electrical power to a functional module that provides a selected electrical distribution function , wherein the wiring module is configured to accept the functional module without access to the wiring portion . the modular electrical wiring component also comprises an adjustable plaster ring configured to couple to the wiring module and to an electrical junction box , wherein the adjustable plaster ring provides a variable distance between the electrical junction box and the wiring module . | 8 |
a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device comprising a storage element which is programmed with information by varying electrical properties irreversibly , a selection switch connected in series to the storage element , a protection element connected in parallel to the storage element to protect the storage element from irreversible variations of electrical properties when the storage element is unprogrammed , a first activation circuit which activates the selection switch , a second activation circuit which activates the protection element in complement with the first activation circuit in normal mode , and a test circuit which conducts a test on the storage element while the second activation circuit is activating the protection element together with the first activation circuit in test mode . | 6 |
a green tire inserting apparatus with which upper and lower bead portions of a green tire can be inserted correctly and surely into bead rings of upper and lower metal molds . an upper bead portion and a lower bead portion of a green tire are gripped in a true - circular shape by separate segments to be pushed respectively into bead rings of upper and lower metal molds in a vulcanizing machine . cylinders and linkages for radially expanding the segments and pushing the bead portions into the bead rings are provided in an upper portion and a lower portion of a center mechanism of a vulcanizing machine . there are provided stoppers for presetting a segment expansion limit , which are adjustable according to variation of a bead diameter of a green tire , and bead height regulators , which are adjustable according to variation of a height of a green tire . the adjustment can be made to be automatic . | 1 |
a vapor recovery and pressure management system for a vehicle refueling facility includes two rotary vane pumps and a hydrocarbon - stripping membrane between the pumps . one pump draws vapor from a storage tank as well as from refueling nozzles , while the other pump draws vapor from the membrane and discharges the vapor back into the tank . a controller controls both pumps to maintain a slight vacuum in the tank , thereby preventing leakage of hydrocarbons from the tank to the atmosphere . clean air from the membrane is exhausted , preferably through a charcoal canister , and a hydrocarbon sensor monitors for the presence of undesirable hydrocarbons in the clean air exhaust . one or more liquid drop outs are provided for separating liquid from the hydrocarbon vapor and returning the liquid to the tank along with the vapor , preferably before the liquid is sent to the membrane , to thereby increase efficient fuel recovery and to protect the membrane from undesirable contact with liquid . | 1 |
the present invention provides a finger - identifying keyboard , comprising a plurality of keys ; a plurality of sensors , each of which uniquely represents and identifies a different finger ; a coding synthesizer used to identify simultaneously the keys and the fingers used to press the keys , to synthesize the coding and to generate the resultant input coding signal . the invention can effectively reduce the number of keys on the keyboard , thereby achieving the goal of reducing the size of the keyboard so as to be adapted to the requirements of various handheld devices . even though the size of the keyboard is reduced , the size of the finger keys can remain the same size to facilitate typing . | 6 |
a semiconductor memory device precharges io lines of the device rapidly at a write interrupt in normal and full page modes . the device includes a write interrupt detector , a precharge signal generator , and a precharge circuit . the write interrupt detector detects whether signals indicating a write interrupt in the normal mode are from the outside , and then generates a write interrupt detection signal . the precharge signal generator generates first and second precharge signals in response to the write interrupt detection signal , and the precharge circuit precharges io lines at both sides of a memory cell array of the device before a read or write operation in the normal mode in response to the first and second precharge signals . since the address access time of the semiconductor memory device is short , a high - speed semiconductor memory device can be implemented using the present invention . | 6 |
ventilation devices , in particular for electric motor drives regularly comprise a fan wheel , which is driven by a shaft via an electromagnetic induction coupling . in order to reduce the complexity of manufacture , a stack of magnetic sheets is cast in the aluminum hub of the fan wheel . thus , aluminum also assumes at the same time the function of a damper winding . | 7 |
a new composition of matter comprising an acrylamide or methacrylamide monomer characterized by the following structural formula : ## str1 ## wherein r 1 and r 2 are hydrogen or methyl ; r 3 , r 4 , r 5 , r 6 and r 7 are lower alkyls ; n is an integer ranging from 1 to 6 ; and x and y are the same or different anions . | 2 |
a system for processing audio signals in two channels , wherein each channel includes a plurality of band pass filters for dividing the signal in each channel into a plurality of bands and a plurality of variable gain amplifiers coupled one each to a band pass filter . control logic coupled to the variable gain amplifiers prevents the signals in adjacent bands within a channel from being attenuated simultaneously . the control logic attenuates the signals in one channel in accordance with the signal in the corresponding bands in the other channel . in some circumstances , the signal in the band in the one channel is attenuated . | 7 |
a system is provided for mounting a lamp having a plurality of different types of mounting members . one of the mounting members is a rigid tray mountable by fasteners flush upon a surface of a vehicle to enable an on - surface mounting mode , and other of said mounting members , such as a grommet or bracket , are mountable at least partially in an opening or hole when present along such surface of a vehicle to enable an inset mounting mode . the different mounting members each engage a common shape housing of the lamp , such as round or oval , so that by selection of one of the mounting members , on - surface or inset mounting of the lamp can readily be achieved . one or more common engagement features are provided along the housing to facilitate engagement of the housing of the lamp by mounting members in on - surface and inset mounting modes . | 1 |
We present a non-parametric model for inferring the three-dimensional (3D) distribution of dust density in the Milky Way. Our approach uses the extinction measured towards stars at different locations in the Galaxy at approximately known distances. Each extinction measurement is proportional to the integrated dust density along its line of sight (LoS). Making simple assumptions about the spatial correlation of the dust density, we can infer the most probable 3D distribution of dust across the entire observed region, including along sight lines which were not observed. This is possible because our model employs a Gaussian process to connect all LoS. We demonstrate the capability of our model to capture detailed dust density variations using mock data and simulated data from the Gaia Universe Model Snapshot. We then apply our method to a sample of giant stars observed by APOGEE and Kepler to construct a 3D dust map over a small region of the Galaxy. Owing to our smoothness constraint and its isotropy, we provide one of the first maps which does not show the "fingers of God" effect. | 9 |
a system for dispensing a fluid from a first tank into a second tank , in which one of the tanks is attached to a vehicle . the system comprises a flexible , stretchable , resilient delivery hose , a first end of the delivery hose being connected to the first tank and a second end of the delivery hose being attached to a nozzle adapted to dispense the fluid into the second tank . a flexible tension element is provided between first and second fittings on the hose , the fittings being separated by at least six feet , the tension element substantially eliminating stretching of the delivery hose between the fittings . the tension element substantially reduces damage to the hose and to surrounding persons and objects when the hose is pulled and released as in a drive - away from a gasoline dispenser . | 8 |
an improved machine and method for harvesting and processing an upstanding crop , such as celery , in situ , the machine comprising a self driven vehicle supporting a plurality of harvesting and processing units . | 0 |
a system for communicating hardened , buried target arrival - related data from an airborne warhead device to a remote mission analysis location is disclosed . the communicated information especially relates to impact deceleration events encountered by a hardened target penetration warhead , events arising from the warhead impacting with the earth and then with one or more layers of hardening material such as concrete disposed in or adjacent a subterranean target . verification of warhead detonation may also be included in the communicated data . the system includes ultra high radio frequency communication from the subterranean warhead to a repeater apparatus disposed at or above the point of warhead earth impact followed by conventional signal relaying of the collected warhead experience data from the repeater to a remote mission analysis facility . utilization of the system to verify effective neutralization of targets , even targets remaining visually obscured throughout an identification , strike and reconnaissance sequence , is disclosed along with the capability of such a system to limit the need for dangerous subsequent strikes against the same target . | 5 |
the invention generally relates to methods of identifying and categorizing organisms and more specifically methods of generating and using patterns of chromosomal variation in order to classify organisms . | 8 |
a business method which is to sell a papermaking machine or part of a papermaking machine which has value added features which maximize the capability in terms of machine speed and paper quality , at the price of a basic machine without the value added features , and to allow the purchaser of the papermaking machine to selectively enhance machine performance by the activation or enablement of the value added features in return for additional payments to the supplier of the papermaking machine . | 6 |
the invention features a hydrofoil device for reducing wake formation on a partially immersed hull of a sailing or motor vessel . | 1 |
a bed foundation capable of being assembled by the end user or a retailer . the bed foundation utilizes support members having i - beam construction , thereby reducing noise and greatly increasing the strength of the foundation . the foundation is also constructed to provide a flush , uniform top surface onto which top panels are attached . the flush uniform top surface also contributes to noise reduction and increased strength . the foundation , when unassembled , can be packed into a single , relatively small container , thereby significantly reducing shipping costs . | 0 |
the present invention relates to the field of motion / movement sensors , detectors , and / or monitors , as well as other types of sensors . in particular , the present invention may provide , for example , a large pulsed output voltage in response to very low sensed movement or environment changes , such as , temperature , pressure , and energy . the present invention relates , for example , to other available sensors and may provide an output high enough to turn on related processing circuitry from an “ off ” state . the present invention relates , among other things , to sensing various events via , for example , axially poled homopolymer polyvinyladine fluoride or other piezoelectric materials . | 7 |
a handheld optical navigation device may include a first radiation source configured to produce a first beam of radiation onto a surface below the device , a first sensor configured to receive a first image based upon reflected radiation from the surface below the device , and to identify movement of the device based upon the first image for providing a first control action , and a second sensor configured to receive a second image based upon reflected radiation from an object different from the surface below the device , and to identify movement of the object based upon the second image for providing a second control action . | 6 |
a cap for detachable mounting onto a product container can be adjusted to meet varying tightness requirements . the cap includes deformable tabs with catches whose flexibility can be modified by selectively positioning an adjacent ring so that a varying portion of the ring surface cooperates with the tabs , thereby influencing the firmness of the tabs . accordingly , the axial force necessary for the catches to engage a recess on the container can be modified as desired . | 1 |
a method for characterizing defects of integrated circuits on a semiconductor wafer includes storing at least one reference wafer map in a memory corresponding to a known defect pattern of the integrated circuits caused during a manufacturing step thereof , testing the integrated circuits for defects , generating a test wafer map for the semiconductor wafer comprising a pattern of each defective integrated circuit thereon , comparing the test wafer map to the at least one reference wafer map to determine if the known defect pattern is present in the test wafer map , and generating a new reference wafer map corresponding to the test wafer map if the test wafer map has an unknown defect pattern . an apparatus for characterizing defects of integrated circuit die on a semiconductor wafer is also provided . | 7 |
1 , 3 - propanediol is prepared in good yield by hydrogenation of methyl 3 - hydroxypropionate in the presence of a copper zinc oxide hydrogenation catalyst . the use of the copper zinc oxide hydrogenation catalyst enables greater productivity in an overall process for preparing 1 , 3 - propanediol from ethylene oxide via methyl 3 - hydroxypropionate intermediate . | 2 |
a system for controlling thermal changes using air injection including a coke drum having a cylindrical outer surface , a material surrounding the cylinder defining an annular space between the material and the cylindrical outer surface , and an air injection system communicated with the annular space for introducing air into the annular space . a method of operating the system is also included . | 2 |
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