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--- |
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license: apache-2.0 |
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task_categories: |
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- text-classification |
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tags: |
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- Ontologies |
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- Subsumption Inference |
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- Natural Language Inference |
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pretty_name: OntoLAMA |
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size_categories: |
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- 1M<n<10M |
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language: |
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- en |
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--- |
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# OntoLAMA: LAnguage Model Analysis for Ontology Subsumption Inference |
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### Dataset Summary |
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OntoLAMA is a set of language model (LM) probing datasets for ontology subsumption inference. |
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The work follows the "LMs-as-KBs" literature but focuses on conceptualised knowledge extracted from formalised KBs such as the OWL ontologies. |
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Specifically, the subsumption inference (SI) task is introduced and formulated in the NLI style, where the sub-concept and the super-concept |
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involved in a subsumption axiom are verbalised and fitted into a template to form the premise and hypothesis, respectively. The SI task is |
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further divided into Atomic SI and Complex SI where the former involves only atomic named concepts and the latter involves complex concept |
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expressions restricted to OWL 2 EL. Real-world ontologies of different scales and domains are used for constructing OntoLAMA and in total |
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there are four Atomic SI datasets and two Complex SI datasets. |
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### Supported Tasks and Leaderboards |
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... |
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### Languages |
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The text in the dataset is in English, as used in the source ontologies. The associated BCP-47 code is `en`. |
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## Dataset Structure |
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### Data Instances |
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A typical SI data point comprises a verbalised sub-concept `v_sub_concept`, a verbalised super-concept `v_super_concept`, a binary label indicating whether these two concepts have a subsumption relationship or not (with `1` referring to a positive subsumption), and a string representation of the original subsumption axiom before verbalisation. |
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An example in the Atomic SI dataset created from the Gene Ontology (GO) is as follows: |
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``` |
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{ |
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'v_sub_concept': 'ctpase activity', |
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'v_super_concept': 'ribonucleoside triphosphate phosphatase activity', |
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'label': 1, |
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'axiom': 'SubClassOf(<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043273> <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0017111>)' |
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} |
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``` |
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An example in the Complex SI dataset created from the Food Ontology (FoodOn) is as follows: |
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``` |
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{ |
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'v_sub_concept': '...', |
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'v_super_concept': '...', |
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'label': 0, |
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'axiom': ..., |
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'anchor_axiom': ..., |
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} |
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``` |
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### Data Fields |
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- `v_sub_concept`: verbalised sub-concept expression. |
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- `v_super_concept`: verbalised super-concept expression. |
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- `label`: a binary class label indicating whether two concepts really form a subsumption relationship (`1` means yes). |
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- `axiom`: a string representation of the original subsumption axiom which is useful for tracing back to the ontology. |
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- `anchor_axiom`: (for complex SI only) a string representation of the anchor equivalence axiom used for sampling the `axiom`. |
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### Data Splits |
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[Needs More Information] |
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### Licensing Information |
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Apache License, Version 2.0 |
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### Citation Information |
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[Needs More Information] |
