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--- |
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pipeline_tag: question-answering |
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datasets: |
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- squad |
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metrics: |
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- exact_match |
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- f1 |
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tags: |
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- distilbert |
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--- |
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**task**: `question-answering` |
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**Backend:** `sagemaker-training` |
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**Backend args:** `{'instance_type': 'ml.g4dn.2xlarge', 'supported_instructions': None}` |
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**Number of evaluation samples:** `1000` |
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Fixed parameters: |
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* **model_name_or_path**: `distilbert-base-uncased-distilled-squad` |
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* **dataset**: |
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* **path**: `squad` |
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* **eval_split**: `validation` |
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* **data_keys**: `{'question': 'question', 'context': 'context'}` |
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* **ref_keys**: `['answers']` |
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* **calibration_split**: `train` |
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* **per_channel**: `False` |
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* **calibration**: |
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* **method**: `minmax` |
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* **num_calibration_samples**: `100` |
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* **framework**: `onnxruntime` |
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* **framework_args**: |
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* **opset**: `11` |
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* **optimization_level**: `1` |
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* **aware_training**: `False` |
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Benchmarked parameters: |
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* **quantization_approach**: `dynamic`, `static` |
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* **operators_to_quantize**: `['Add']`, `['Add', 'MatMul']` |
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* **node_exclusion**: `[]`, `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` |
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# Evaluation |
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## Non-time metrics |
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| quantization_approach | operators_to_quantize | node_exclusion | | exact_match (original) | exact_match (optimized) | | f1 (original) | f1 (optimized) | |
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| :-------------------: | :-------------------: | :------------------------------------------------------: | :-: | :--------------------: | :---------------------: | :-: | :-----------: | :------------: | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 82.300 | 80.600 | \| | 87.232 | 86.097 | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `[]` | \| | 82.300 | 80.600 | \| | 87.232 | 86.097 | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 82.300 | 82.300 | \| | 87.232 | 87.232 | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add']` | `[]` | \| | 82.300 | 82.300 | \| | 87.232 | 87.232 | |
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| `static` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 82.300 | 72.900 | \| | 87.232 | 79.964 | |
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| `static` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `[]` | \| | 82.300 | 54.500 | \| | 87.232 | 64.292 | |
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| `static` | `['Add']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 82.300 | 76.900 | \| | 87.232 | 83.014 | |
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| `static` | `['Add']` | `[]` | \| | 82.300 | 59.800 | \| | 87.232 | 69.217 | |
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## Time metrics |
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Time benchmarks were run for 15 seconds per config. |
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Below, time metrics for batch size = 1, input length = 32. |
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| quantization_approach | operators_to_quantize | node_exclusion | | latency_mean (original, ms) | latency_mean (optimized, ms) | | throughput (original, /s) | throughput (optimized, /s) | |
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| :-------------------: | :-------------------: | :------------------------------------------------------: | :-: | :-------------------------: | :--------------------------: | :-: | :-----------------------: | :------------------------: | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 47.87 | 7.23 | \| | 20.93 | 138.40 | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `[]` | \| | 48.10 | 7.14 | \| | 20.80 | 140.13 | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 43.83 | 17.16 | \| | 22.87 | 58.33 | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add']` | `[]` | \| | 34.13 | 17.02 | \| | 29.33 | 58.80 | |
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| `static` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 35.07 | 9.21 | \| | 28.53 | 108.53 | |
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| `static` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `[]` | \| | 48.27 | 11.62 | \| | 20.73 | 86.13 | |
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| `static` | `['Add']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 34.11 | 19.23 | \| | 29.33 | 52.00 | |
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| `static` | `['Add']` | `[]` | \| | 48.54 | 21.18 | \| | 20.67 | 47.27 | |
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Below, time metrics for batch size = 1, input length = 64. |
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| quantization_approach | operators_to_quantize | node_exclusion | | latency_mean (original, ms) | latency_mean (optimized, ms) | | throughput (original, /s) | throughput (optimized, /s) | |
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| :-------------------: | :-------------------: | :------------------------------------------------------: | :-: | :-------------------------: | :--------------------------: | :-: | :-----------------------: | :------------------------: | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 59.92 | 12.60 | \| | 16.73 | 79.40 | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `[]` | \| | 59.64 | 13.25 | \| | 16.80 | 75.47 | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 60.13 | 29.65 | \| | 16.67 | 33.73 | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add']` | `[]` | \| | 59.62 | 29.51 | \| | 16.80 | 33.93 | |
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| `static` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 58.94 | 15.13 | \| | 17.00 | 66.13 | |
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| `static` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `[]` | \| | 60.49 | 18.62 | \| | 16.53 | 53.73 | |
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| `static` | `['Add']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 43.32 | 28.00 | \| | 23.13 | 35.73 | |
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| `static` | `['Add']` | `[]` | \| | 44.19 | 32.72 | \| | 22.67 | 30.60 | |
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Below, time metrics for batch size = 1, input length = 128. |
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| quantization_approach | operators_to_quantize | node_exclusion | | latency_mean (original, ms) | latency_mean (optimized, ms) | | throughput (original, /s) | throughput (optimized, /s) | |
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| :-------------------: | :-------------------: | :------------------------------------------------------: | :-: | :-------------------------: | :--------------------------: | :-: | :-----------------------: | :------------------------: | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 73.39 | 26.56 | \| | 13.67 | 37.67 | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `[]` | \| | 57.64 | 23.42 | \| | 17.40 | 42.73 | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 64.04 | 50.14 | \| | 15.67 | 20.00 | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add']` | `[]` | \| | 72.81 | 57.05 | \| | 13.80 | 17.53 | |
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| `static` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 70.57 | 27.59 | \| | 14.20 | 36.27 | |
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| `static` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `[]` | \| | 71.04 | 37.94 | \| | 14.13 | 26.40 | |
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| `static` | `['Add']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 57.65 | 57.95 | \| | 17.40 | 17.27 | |
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| `static` | `['Add']` | `[]` | \| | 71.66 | 58.67 | \| | 14.00 | 17.07 | |
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Below, time metrics for batch size = 4, input length = 32. |
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| quantization_approach | operators_to_quantize | node_exclusion | | latency_mean (original, ms) | latency_mean (optimized, ms) | | throughput (original, /s) | throughput (optimized, /s) | |
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| :-------------------: | :-------------------: | :------------------------------------------------------: | :-: | :-------------------------: | :--------------------------: | :-: | :-----------------------: | :------------------------: | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 72.11 | 21.80 | \| | 13.93 | 45.93 | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `[]` | \| | 73.15 | 20.70 | \| | 13.73 | 48.33 | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 72.05 | 53.68 | \| | 13.93 | 18.67 | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add']` | `[]` | \| | 55.97 | 53.60 | \| | 17.87 | 18.67 | |
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| `static` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 70.46 | 24.88 | \| | 14.20 | 40.20 | |
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| `static` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `[]` | \| | 56.57 | 30.90 | \| | 17.73 | 32.40 | |
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| `static` | `['Add']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 62.38 | 53.64 | \| | 16.07 | 18.67 | |
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| `static` | `['Add']` | `[]` | \| | 60.19 | 67.29 | \| | 16.67 | 14.87 | |
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Below, time metrics for batch size = 4, input length = 64. |
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| quantization_approach | operators_to_quantize | node_exclusion | | latency_mean (original, ms) | latency_mean (optimized, ms) | | throughput (original, /s) | throughput (optimized, /s) | |
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| :-------------------: | :-------------------: | :------------------------------------------------------: | :-: | :-------------------------: | :--------------------------: | :-: | :-----------------------: | :------------------------: | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 121.20 | 40.12 | \| | 8.27 | 24.93 | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `[]` | \| | 90.97 | 41.51 | \| | 11.00 | 24.13 | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 120.85 | 106.50 | \| | 8.33 | 9.40 | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add']` | `[]` | \| | 118.58 | 106.55 | \| | 8.47 | 9.40 | |
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| `static` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 120.57 | 54.25 | \| | 8.33 | 18.47 | |
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| `static` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `[]` | \| | 104.93 | 57.90 | \| | 9.60 | 17.33 | |
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| `static` | `['Add']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 90.85 | 110.46 | \| | 11.07 | 9.07 | |
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| `static` | `['Add']` | `[]` | \| | 120.57 | 103.62 | \| | 8.33 | 9.67 | |
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Below, time metrics for batch size = 4, input length = 128. |
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| quantization_approach | operators_to_quantize | node_exclusion | | latency_mean (original, ms) | latency_mean (optimized, ms) | | throughput (original, /s) | throughput (optimized, /s) | |
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| :-------------------: | :-------------------: | :------------------------------------------------------: | :-: | :-------------------------: | :--------------------------: | :-: | :-----------------------: | :------------------------: | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 172.14 | 94.78 | \| | 5.87 | 10.60 | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `[]` | \| | 220.38 | 84.18 | \| | 4.60 | 11.93 | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 221.22 | 221.37 | \| | 4.53 | 4.53 | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add']` | `[]` | \| | 203.90 | 175.16 | \| | 4.93 | 5.73 | |
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| `static` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 192.63 | 113.82 | \| | 5.20 | 8.80 | |
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| `static` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `[]` | \| | 220.32 | 122.36 | \| | 4.60 | 8.20 | |
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| `static` | `['Add']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 220.58 | 207.51 | \| | 4.60 | 4.87 | |
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| `static` | `['Add']` | `[]` | \| | 221.94 | 246.87 | \| | 4.53 | 4.07 | |
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Below, time metrics for batch size = 8, input length = 32. |
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| quantization_approach | operators_to_quantize | node_exclusion | | latency_mean (original, ms) | latency_mean (optimized, ms) | | throughput (original, /s) | throughput (optimized, /s) | |
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| :-------------------: | :-------------------: | :------------------------------------------------------: | :-: | :-------------------------: | :--------------------------: | :-: | :-----------------------: | :------------------------: | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 112.67 | 43.26 | \| | 8.93 | 23.13 | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `[]` | \| | 95.78 | 40.66 | \| | 10.47 | 24.60 | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 117.38 | 104.28 | \| | 8.53 | 9.60 | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add']` | `[]` | \| | 89.81 | 91.00 | \| | 11.20 | 11.00 | |
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| `static` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 89.14 | 52.09 | \| | 11.27 | 19.20 | |
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| `static` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `[]` | \| | 92.77 | 64.21 | \| | 10.80 | 15.60 | |
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| `static` | `['Add']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 119.10 | 114.43 | \| | 8.40 | 8.80 | |
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| `static` | `['Add']` | `[]` | \| | 119.28 | 127.79 | \| | 8.40 | 7.87 | |
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Below, time metrics for batch size = 8, input length = 64. |
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| quantization_approach | operators_to_quantize | node_exclusion | | latency_mean (original, ms) | latency_mean (optimized, ms) | | throughput (original, /s) | throughput (optimized, /s) | |
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| :-------------------: | :-------------------: | :------------------------------------------------------: | :-: | :-------------------------: | :--------------------------: | :-: | :-----------------------: | :------------------------: | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 215.03 | 78.03 | \| | 4.67 | 12.87 | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `[]` | \| | 214.76 | 87.19 | \| | 4.67 | 11.53 | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 216.48 | 162.64 | \| | 4.67 | 6.20 | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add']` | `[]` | \| | 204.29 | 212.33 | \| | 4.93 | 4.73 | |
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| `static` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 215.47 | 104.45 | \| | 4.67 | 9.60 | |
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| `static` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `[]` | \| | 209.66 | 106.43 | \| | 4.80 | 9.40 | |
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| `static` | `['Add']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 166.13 | 220.92 | \| | 6.07 | 4.53 | |
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| `static` | `['Add']` | `[]` | \| | 214.69 | 209.01 | \| | 4.67 | 4.80 | |
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Below, time metrics for batch size = 8, input length = 128. |
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| quantization_approach | operators_to_quantize | node_exclusion | | latency_mean (original, ms) | latency_mean (optimized, ms) | | throughput (original, /s) | throughput (optimized, /s) | |
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| :-------------------: | :-------------------: | :------------------------------------------------------: | :-: | :-------------------------: | :--------------------------: | :-: | :-----------------------: | :------------------------: | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 407.90 | 151.49 | \| | 2.47 | 6.67 | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `[]` | \| | 407.34 | 154.55 | \| | 2.47 | 6.53 | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 406.51 | 394.85 | \| | 2.47 | 2.60 | |
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| `dynamic` | `['Add']` | `[]` | \| | 309.53 | 445.24 | \| | 3.27 | 2.27 | |
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| `static` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 407.54 | 224.46 | \| | 2.47 | 4.47 | |
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| `static` | `['Add', 'MatMul']` | `[]` | \| | 408.14 | 236.94 | \| | 2.47 | 4.27 | |
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| `static` | `['Add']` | `['layernorm', 'gelu', 'residual', 'gather', 'softmax']` | \| | 309.91 | 357.87 | \| | 3.27 | 2.80 | |
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| `static` | `['Add']` | `[]` | \| | 310.00 | 406.54 | \| | 3.27 | 2.47 | |
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