Search is not available for this dataset
page_id
int64 845
72.9M
| text
stringlengths 0
237M
| revision_id
int64 2.84M
1.14B
| timestamp
timestamp[us] | title
stringlengths 1
247
| year
int64 2.01k
2.01k
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
28,290,740 | Welcome!
Hello, YakkoreinoandYakko, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Unfortunately, one or more of the pages you created, such as Yakkoreino, may not conform to some of Wikipedia's guidelines, and may soon be deleted.
There's a page about creating articles you may want to read called Your first article. If you are stuck, and looking for help, please come to the New contributors' help page, where experienced Wikipedians can answer any queries you have! Or, you can just type on this page, and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Here are a few other good links for newcomers:
Starting an article
Your first article
Biographies of living persons
How to write a great article
The five pillars of Wikipedia
Help pages
Tutorial
I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you have any questions, check out Questions or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! The Blade of the Northern Lights (話す下さい)
==Speedy deletion nomination of Yakkoreino==
A tag has been placed on Yakkoreino requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section A7 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the article appears to be about about a person, organization (band, club, company, etc.) or web content, but it does not indicate how or why the subject is important or significant: that is, why an article about that subject should be included in an encyclopedia. Under the criteria for speedy deletion, such articles may be deleted at any time. Please see the guidelines for what is generally accepted as notable. You may also wish to consider using a Wizard to help you create articles - see the Article Wizard.
If you think that this notice was placed here in error, you may contest the deletion by adding to the top of the page that has been nominated for deletion (just below the existing speedy deletion or "db" tag - if no such tag exists then the page is no longer a speedy delete candidate and adding a hangon tag is unnecessary), coupled with adding a note on the talk page explaining your position, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the page meets the criterion, it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the page that would render it more in conformance with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. Lastly, please note that if the page does get deleted, you can contact one of these admins to request that they userfy the page or have a copy emailed to you. The Blade of the Northern Lights (話す下さい)
== August 2010 ==
Please refrain from introducing inappropriate pages, such as Wakkie, to Wikipedia as doing so is not in accordance with our policies. For more information about creating articles, you may want to read Your first article; you might also consider using the Article Wizard. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. Thank you. -- Gogo Dodo (talk) | 377,713,754 | 2010-08-07T21:32:22 | YakkoreinoandYakko | 2,013 |
5,199,095 | The Snowflake Arizona Temple is the 108th operating temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).
Mormon pioneers first settled Snowflake, Arizona in 1878 at the request of LDS Church president Brigham Young. The town of Snowflake was named after William J. Flake and Erastus Snow, two of the church's early leaders who helped supervise colonization of the area.
The Snowflake Arizona Temple serves 35,000 members, many of them descendants of the first pioneers to the area. The temple is set on a knoll that has become known as "Temple Hill." About eight feet was removed from the top of the knoll so the two-level temple could be built. The lower level is partially set into the knoll.
There are about 9,000 people who live in the Snowflake area, but more than 94,000 people attended the temple open house during February 2002. LDS Church president Gordon B. Hinckley dedicated the Snowflake Arizona Temple in four sessions on March 3, 2002.
The exterior of the temple is finished with two tones of polished Empress White and Majestic Grey granite from China, similar to that of the Fukuoka Japan Temple. Much of the furniture has a pioneer look out of respect for the area's pioneer ancestry. The temple interior also incorporates Native American patterns stenciled on walls and woven into the carpet. Items such as handcrafted rugs, baskets, and pottery also decorate the interior. The Snowflake Arizona Temple has a total of , two ordinance rooms, and two sealing rooms. It is Arizona's second temple, the first having been dedicated in Mesa in 1927.
==See also==
Comparison of temples of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
List of temples of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
List of temples of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by geographic region
Temple architecture (Latter-day Saints)
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Arizona
==Notes==
==External links==
Official LDS Snowflake Arizona Temple page
Snowflake Arizona Temple page
21st-century Latter Day Saint temples
Buildings and structures in Navajo County, Arizona
Religious buildings completed in 2002
Temples of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Arizona
Visitor attractions in Navajo County, Arizona
2002 establishments in Arizona | 565,509,087 | 2013-07-23T18:10:47 | Snowflake Arizona Temple | 2,013 |
4,690,931 | North Ipswich Reserve presently known as Qld Group Stadium and formally Bendigo Bank Oval due to naming rights. It is based in Ipswich, Queensland and is home to the Ipswich Jets, who play in the Queensland Wizard Cup. There is talk of the venue being re-developed into a stadium with a capacity of around 15,000 people not to dissimilar to Parramatta Stadium the home of NRL team Parramatta Eels. On occasion the venue plays host to National Rugby League trial matches, most recently when the Sydney Roosters played the Jets and Brisbane Roar playing the Ipswich Knights, Western Spirit FC, Ipswich City FC from Brisbane Premier League Division 1 combining into the ipswich invitational side in every Brisbane Roar Pre-Season since 2010.
Sports venues in Queensland
Ipswich, Queensland
Sport in Brisbane | 559,057,376 | 2013-06-09T12:15:47 | North Ipswich Reserve | 2,013 |
6,524,785 | Please refrain from adding nonsense to Wikipedia, as you did to Pakistan. It is considered vandalism. If you would like to experiment, use the sandbox. Basawala | 70,284,443 | 2006-08-17T19:41:38 | 72.1.195.26 | 2,013 |
28,290,741 | Otto Kohlermann (17 February 1896 – 27 February 1984) was a highly decorated Generalleutnant in the Wehrmacht during World War II. He was also a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership.
==Awards and decorations==
Iron Cross (1914)
Honour Cross of the World War 1914/1918
Iron Cross (1939)
Wound Badge (1939)
General Assault Badge
Eastern Front Medal
Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 22 February 1942 as Oberst and commander of ARKO 129
==See also==
List of officers and commanders in the Battle of Stalingrad
==References==
Citations
Bibliography
==External links==
Ritterkreuztraeger 1939-1945
Otto Kohlermann @ Axis Biographical Research
1896 births
1984 deaths
People from Magdeburg
Wehrmacht generals
German military personnel of World War I
Recipients of The Honour Cross of the World War 1914/1918
Recipients of the Iron Cross (1914)
Recipients of the Iron Cross, 1st class
Recipients of the Knight's Cross
People from the Province of Saxony | 581,495,690 | 2013-11-13T16:26:04 | Otto Kohlermann | 2,013 |
4,690,933 | ==Intro==
Could someone write a brief intro and/or overview to this article above the table of contents? jareha (comments)
done, and thanks for copyeditting it! Johntex\talk
== Famous calls and catchphrases ==
Many of these calls are simply big plays where people remember the plays and don't even remember the calls. The call during the Georgia-Alabama game is famous for the call. Mike Patrick has joked about it since then during ESPN broadcasts (see South Carolina-Tennessee broadcast) because his call of that play has become so famous. If someone disagrees, please contribute to this discussion rather than deleting the call. More people heard this call live than the Big Ten Network's call of Appalachian State blocking a field goal against Michigan. Failureofafriend (talk)
==Annual Televised Games==
This section needs to be the next section to be addressed. The games listed are chosen seemingly randomly. The list is no more subjective than the famous calls and catchphrases list. For example, USC/ND is the only game to be nationally televised every season except 1, FSU/Florida altering between CBS and ABC and often being nationally televised, etc. Georgia/Florida has nationally televised on CBS for years, but it isn't listed. I'm not saying it belongs, but I'm saying this section needs to be either reworked or deleted.Failureofafriend (talk)
==Longest continuous broadcast==
Unless NBC had no college football in 1989 and 1990, then they have the longest continuous running coverage of college football games, not ABC. Group29 (talk)
==Improving this article==
I am working on adding to this article for a college class. I have a couple paragraphs to add with new citations. Can anyone help me refine my new additions? And where do I post the new additions? Pox202 (talk)
I'd like to insert these paragraphs under the "Decentralization" subheading:
The year after the Supreme Court decision, nearly 200 games were televised, compared to the previous year’s 89.. College football’s television ratings slumped due to market saturation, and the price of a 30 second advertisement plunged from $57,000 in 1983 to $15,000 in 1984 while the combined take from network television fell more than 60 percent.
Despite the monetary suffering of the universities, the additional coverage had a positive impact for fans of college football. “Everyone talks about money, but no one seems to care about the football fan. He is the one who benefited from deregulation. And he isn’t complaining,” said Chuck Neinas, the former commissioner of the Big Eight Conference.
Additionally, television exposure was used as a selling point in recruiting high school athletes. “We’re recruiting all over the country, and it’s nice to be able to go in someone’s home and say, ‘You can turn on the TV and watch the Buckeyes six to eight times a year,’” said Ohio State head coach John Cooper.
Nationally televised games also brought new notoriety, revenue and growth for more obscure leagues that had rarely appeared on television. As the cable networks grew and expanded, they sought more games to fill time. Mid-Atlantic Conference conference Commissioner Rich Chryst attributes his league’s expansion to a deal that put several MAC games per year on ESPN.
Television added to the prestige of college football programs that never would have been imagined in the 1950s, a period when the television was blamed for falling attendance. A 1948 study conducted by the Crossley Corporation at the NCAA’s request found that fans thought watching televised games was equal or superior to watching from the stands. In 1950, a study by the National Opinion Research Center at the University of Chicago said that attendance at college football games would have been 40 percent higher if no games had been televised.
In 1949, 17.5 million spectators attended a college football game. In 2012, nearly 50 million people attended college football games.
==References== | 577,653,403 | 2013-10-18T01:35:03 | College football on television | 2,013 |
8,072,388 | The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.
The result was already Merged and redirected to Furry Convention (don't often get to say that). Yomanganitalk
===FurFright===
No evidence of notability outside the furry subculture, and is a relatively minor convention within the subculture. Only around 500 attendees. BigE1977
Delete per nom. wikipediatrix
Kill and skin, er delete No notability. Best kept to the somewaht scary environment of the furry wiki Lurker oi!
Skin? That's fursecution! Anomo
Delete - Not a worthy encyclopedia candidate. LittleOldMe
Delete not encyclopedic. Edison
Delete. Yes! My daily opportunity to use the word "furrycruft"!
Keep I think it should be stub'd and more relevant information should be obtained and then re-voted Andrew4010
Delete. There is another article at WikiFur with much more information than a single sentence about a furry con. Noting that the deletion of other fur cons from last week also sets a precedent for the purpose.
Comment Given this situation appears to be cropping up with some regularity (unsurprising, since there are over 30 active furry conventions depending on how you count it, and more every year), would some kind of a Furry conventions summary article with redirects from these titles - as suggested in Articles for deletion/Midwest FurFest - be more acceptable? People clearly come to Wikipedia to find out about the conventions, so if Wikipedia isn't willing to cover the topics in depth because it feels there is not enough information that can be verified by those outside the fandom to make a good article, then perhaps an article which included the bare verifiable details for the lesser conventions and directed people to the convention's website and to WikiFur for more information would be appropriate? I hesitate to suggest this, because as the founder of WikiFur it would direct more traffic to a site I'm involved with, but it seems like people above are suggesting that people should be directed there rather than create articles here. While each furry convention has its quirks, they share many common features - it would not be hard to create a general overview of what a furry convention is, which would give value to the article beyond that of a simple list. GreenReaper
Comment Probably a good idea. Only larger cons tend to be noteworthy enough for encyclopedic purposes, but a more general article including (and not limited to) a list is typically more acceptable. You can be bold and merge the existing ones (or summaries, in the case of the few larger ones that would meet notability criteria) to such an article. No need to wait for them to be AfDed. Links from such an article to the conventions' websites would seem appropriate as well
OK. I have a skeleton article setup. I'll flesh it out, get the summaries written, and post it after I catch a few hours sleep. GreenReaper
It took a little longer to get summaries of them all down, and appropriate references, but I will be posting this tomorrow. This need not affect the progress of this AfD - I intend to redirect it once the article is up. GreenReaper
It's up. I'm redirecting the appropriate pages (including this article) right now. GreenReaper
Changing vote to Merge and Redirect to a central article, per the commentary involving GreenReaper above. Great idea, if you ask me Green, you might want to take care of the redir's also.
Delete The lack of a talk page convinced me not notable. Anomo
''The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page. | 90,684,435 | 2006-11-28T16:34:11 | Articles for deletion/FurFright | 2,013 |
6,524,790 | Ahl Al Esheg is the second studio album by Lebanese pop singer-songwriter Diana Haddad, released by Stallions Records on February 10, 1997, continued along the lines established by her debut album Saken. The album was yet another hit for Haddad, especially the title song. By that time, Diana truly established herself as a top selling Lebanese singer, but what was coming was even more. The album was a huge major success in the radio stations including the Emirates radios, she was awarded for the best female artist and the best album in the popular radio station Emirates FM. Also, in late 1997 she received a nomination for the best Arabic female artist in the magazine Al Ryada Wal Shabab and she won it according to Rabie Al Hunaidi. Ahl Al Esheg is Haddad's third best studio album of all time behind Ammanih and her debut album Saken which were certified platinum by Stallions Records, her label. The album was heavily promoted, released in several editions and was supported by the Ahl Al Esheg Arab World Tour.
==Background and recording==
Although Haddad is a Khaliji man's wife, there is no Khaliji song in the album. Haddad wanted to introduce herself as a Lebanese Pop star. They, Haddad and her husband, began to choose the songs of the album in Sakens era, some of them were planned to be released in Saken but they were canceled, the track "Anida" which was released as the album's first single is one of them it was written by Emad Shams Al Din, produced by Shams Al Din also and composed by the Lebanese composer Robir Aram. Haddad recorded more than six tracks in Ahl Al Esheg era including her smash hit single "Ammanih" which was originally planned to be released in Ahl Al Esheg but when Haddad and her husband Suhail Al Abdoul felt that this song could be a huge success they canceled it from the album's track listing.
==Production and release==
The album's title was taken from the last track in the album which was produced by George Mardosian and written by Safoh Shegala, one of the earliest songs recorded in Haddad's whole career. The album displayed a diverse sound but with more Lebanese Pop. The song "Anida" was the first single from the album, it was released in late 1996 as a promotional single for her first live album Anida and was sent to Lebanese and Emirates radio stations. Although the song "Anida" was the first single from Ahl Al Esheg, Haddad didn't shot any music videos for the song also it wasn't the lead single and it failed to charts. "Ahl Al Esheg" was released as Ahl Al Eshegs lead single instead of "Anida". Suhail Al Abdoul, Haddad's husband, directed the two singles released from the album "Ahl Al Esheg" and "Bizal Menak" as music videos. The first music video for "Ahl Al Esheg" was directed in Jubail, an old city in Lebanon, where Haddad lived her early life there, the video shows a picture of Diana Haddad in the 1970s when she was kid, it also shows some girls who sing with her. "Bizal Minak", the second music video from the album, was also directed by Abdul. the video is in black and white, it was directed in London and shows all the British people walking reverse while Diana Haddad is walking in the right way and singing. The video is about Diana, Princess of Wales and her husband Charles, Prince of Wales, it was released before Diana death in June, 1997.
==Promotion==
The album followed Haddad's debut album Saken success. It was a big hit in Arabic TV channels Top 20 charts including Middle East Broadcasting Center (aka MBC), Qatar, Dubai, Arab Radio and Television Network (aka ART) and the popular entertainment channel Lebanese Broadcasting Corporation (aka LBC). Dubai, the city, was full of Diana Haddad billboards as a commercial from Haddad's label Stallions Records. The album was certified Multiplatinum in the Arab World including Dubai and Lebanon. Although the album contains six tracks only, it performed well in the charts and sold million of copies in the Middle East. On TV channels, Haddad appeared in different programs including Rania Barghout Show on MBC. Ahl Al Esheg received mixed reviews from music critics and magazines. Rabie Al Hunaidy who was a music writer in the Emirates passed magazine "Al Riyadah Wal Shabab" helped Haddad in the album commercial. He did several interviews with Haddad and her husband Suhail. A special thanks was written to him on the album cover. When Ahl Al Esheg first released it was only released as a compact cassette album, the cassettes were more common in the Arab World that time so it wasn't released as a compact disc. In 1999 while Haddad was promoting her smash hit album Shater a new edition of Ahl Al Esheg was released with a new cover not the same as the 1996 one and also the album was released as a CD for the first time when the CDs were begging to spread.
==Track listing==
"Bizal Minak" (Samir Nakhla, Emad Shams Al Din, Ali Safa, Diana Haddad) – 5:10 Lebanese Arabic
"Wilfi Gafani" (Adel Raffol, Salim Salama, Ellie Al Alia) – 5:54
"Tafh El Keil" (Emad Shams Al Din, Ehsan Al Monther, Diana Haddad) – 5:23
"Ya Samieen El Sout" (Ellie Bitar, George Mardosian) – 5:16
"Anida" (Emad Shams Al Din, Robir Aram) – 5:15
"Ahl El Ishq" (Safoh Shegala, George Mardosian, Rojih Khori) – 6:39 Bedouin Arabic
==Credits and personnel==
===Production===
Diana Haddad: vocals
Salim Salama: acoustic guitar
Emad Shams Al Din: conductor
Ehsan Al Monther: violin
George Mardosian: percussion
Safoh Shegala: cello
Rojih Khori: violin
Ellie Bitar: violin
Salim Salama: drums, keyboard, piano
Salim Salama: piano
Ali Safa: violin
Walid Baghdai: keyboard
Joe Barojian: keyboard
George Mardosian: guitar, keyboard, piano
George Mardosian: guitar
Suhail Al Abdoul: production
==Formats==
These are the formats of major album releases of Ahl Al Esheg.
{|class="wikitable"
! Release format
! Country
! Label
|-
| Lebanese Compact Cassette album
| Lebanon
| Stallions Records
|-
| Lebanese Compact Disc album
| Lebanon
| EMI Music Group
|-
| Emirates Compact Cassette album
| United Arab Emirates
| Stallions Records
|-
| Emirates Compact Disc album
| United Arab Emirates
| EMI Music Group
|-
| Egyptian Compact Cassette album
| Egypt
| Alam Al Phan (Mohsen Jaber Company)
|-
| Egyptian Compact Disc album
| Egypt
| Alam Al Phan (Mohsen Jaber Company)
|-
|}
==Awards==
==References==
Diana Haddad albums
1997 albums | 544,503,618 | 2013-03-16T00:31:12 | Ahl Al Esheg | 2,013 |
28,290,746 | The men's 800 metres middle distance event at the 1960 Olympic Games took place between August 31 and September 2.
==Results==
===Heats===
The fastest three runners in each of the nine heats advanced to the quarterfinal round.
Heat one
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Rank !! Name !! Nationality !! Time !! Notes
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 1 ||align=left| Donal Smith ||align=left| || 1:51.86 ||
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 2 ||align=left| Valery Bulyshev||align=left| || 1:51.83 ||
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 3 ||align=left| Zbigniew Makomaski||align=left| || 1:52.70 ||
|-
| 4 ||align=left| Brian Hewson||align=left| || 1:54.73 ||
|-
| 5 ||align=left| Yair Pantilat||align=left| || 1:54.86 ||
|-
| 6 ||align=left| George Johnson||align=left| || 1:56.04 ||
|-
|}
Heat two
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Rank !! Name !! Nationality !! Time !! Notes
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 1 ||align=left| Tom Farrell||align=left| || 1:49.05 ||
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 2 ||align=left| Jerry Siebert||align=left| || 1:49.08 ||
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 3 ||align=left| Jos Lambrechts||align=left| || 1:49.24 ||
|-
| 4 ||align=left| Pierre-Yvon Lenoir||align=left| || 1:49.41 ||
|-
| 5 ||align=left| Jaromír Šlégr||align=left| || 1:50.23 ||
|-
| 6 ||align=left| Moussa Said||align=left| || 1:50.49 ||
|-
|}
Heat three
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Rank !! Name !! Nationality !! Time !! Notes
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 1 ||align=left| Peter Snell||align=left| || 1:48.22 ||
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 2 ||align=left| Christian Wägli||align=left| || 1:48.88 ||
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 3 ||align=left| Ernie Cunliffe||align=left| || 1:48.95 ||
|-
| 4 ||align=left| István Rózsavölgyi||align=left| || 1:49.51 ||
|-
|}
Heat four
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Rank !! Name !! Nationality !! Time !! Notes
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 1 ||align=left| Tony Blue||align=left| || 1:50.82 ||
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 2 ||align=left| Ergas Leps||align=left| || 1:50.93 ||
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 3 ||align=left| Manfred Matuschewski||align=left| || 1:51.17 ||
|-
| 4 ||align=left| Vasily Savinkov||align=left| || 1:51.49 ||
|-
| 5 ||align=left| Konstantinos Moragiemos||align=left| || 1:54.60 ||
|-
| 6 ||align=left| Ahmed Lazreg||align=left| || 1:55.91 ||
|-
|}
Heat five
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Rank !! Name !! Nationality !! Time !! Notes
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 1 ||align=left| Abram Krivosheyev||align=left| || 1:53.49 ||
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 2 ||align=left| Jörg Balke||align=left| || 1:53.72 ||
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 3 ||align=left| John Wenk||align=left| || 1:54.27 ||
|-
| 4 ||align=left| Norbert Haupert||align=left| || 1:54.83 ||
|-
| 5 ||align=left| Frederick Owusu||align=left| || 1:55.41 ||
|-
| 6 ||align=left| Egon Oehri||align=left| || 2:00.49 ||
|-
|}
Heat six
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Rank !! Name !! Nationality !! Time !! Notes
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 1 ||align=left| Roger Moens||align=left| || 1:50.73 ||
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 2 ||align=left| Per Knuts||align=left| || 1:51.36 ||
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 3 ||align=left| Lajos Kovács||align=left| || 1:51.45 ||
|-
| 4 ||align=left| Stefan Lewandowski||align=left| || 1:51.75 ||
|-
| 5 ||align=left| Svavar Markússon||align=left| || 1:52.88 ||
|-
| 6 ||align=left| Abdeslem Dargouth||align=left| || 1:54.87 ||
|-
|}
Heat seven
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Rank !! Name !! Nationality !! Time !! Notes
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 1 ||align=left| George Kerr||align=left| || 1:51.11 ||
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 2 ||align=left| Terry Sullivan||align=left| || 1:51.26 ||
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 3 ||align=left| Péter Parsch||align=left| || 1:51.34 ||
|-
| 4 ||align=left| Borut Ingolič||align=left| || 1:51.51 ||
|-
| 5 ||align=left| Pertti Ålander||align=left| || 1:52.20 ||
|-
| 6 ||align=left| Zbigniew Orywał||align=left| || 1:55.89 ||
|-
|}
Heat eight
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Rank !! Name !! Nationality !! Time !! Notes
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 1 ||align=left| Paul Schmidt||align=left| || 1:50.97 ||
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 2 ||align=left| Rudolf Klaban||align=left| || 1:50.96 ||
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 3 ||align=left| Ronnie Delany||align=left| || 1:51.19 ||
|-
| 4 ||align=left| Joe Mullins||align=left| || 1:51.46 ||
|-
| 5 ||align=left| Gianfranco Baraldi||align=left| || 1:52.15 ||
|-
| 6 ||align=left| Julio Gómez||align=left| || 1:53.90 ||
|-
| 7 ||align=left| Somsakdi Tongaram||align=left| || 1:57.24 ||
|-
|}
Heat nine
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Rank !! Name !! Nationality !! Time !! Notes
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 1 ||align=left| Tom Murphy||align=left| || 1:52.30 ||
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 2 ||align=left| Ralph Gomes||align=left| || 1:53.06 ||
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 3 ||align=left| Ekrem Koçak||align=left| || 1:59.12 ||
|-
| 4 ||align=left| Sig Ohlemann||align=left| || 2:07.40 ||
|-
|}
===Quarterfinals===
The fastest three runners in each of the four heats advanced to the semifinal round.
Heat one
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Rank !! Name !! Nationality !! Time !! Notes
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 1 ||align=left| Tom Murphy||align=left| || 1:48.12 ||
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 2 ||align=left| Christian Wägli||align=left| || 1:48.15 ||
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 3 ||align=left| Manfred Matuschewski||align=left| || 1:48.24 ||
|-
| 4 ||align=left| Donal Smith||align=left| || 1:48.52 ||
|-
| 5 ||align=left| Terry Sullivan||align=left| || 1:50.01 ||
|-
|}
Heat two
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Rank !! Name !! Nationality !! Time !! Notes
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 1 ||align=left| Paul Schmidt||align=left| || 1:51.38 ||
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 2 ||align=left| Abram Krivosheyev||align=left| || 1:51.40 ||
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 3 ||align=left| Jerry Siebert||align=left| || 1:51.53 ||
|-
| 4 ||align=left| Zbigniew Makomaski||align=left| || 1:51.72 ||
|-
| 5 ||align=left| Ralph Gomes||align=left| || 1:52.47 ||
|-
| 6 ||align=left| Lajos Kovács||align=left| || 1:52.55 ||
|-
| 7 ||align=left| Per Knuts||align=left| || 1:52.91 ||
|-
|}
Heat three
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Rank !! Name !! Nationality !! Time !! Notes
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 1 ||align=left| George Kerr||align=left| || 1:49.58 ||
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 2 ||align=left| Ernie Cunliffe||align=left| || 1:49.83 ||
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 3 ||align=left| Tony Blue||align=left| || 1:50.05 ||
|-
| 4 ||align=left| John Wenk||align=left| || 1:50.13 ||
|-
| 5 ||align=left| Valery Bulyshev||align=left| || 1:50.74 ||
|-
| 6 ||align=left| Ronnie Delany||align=left| || 151.42 ||
|-
|}
Heat four
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Rank !! Name !! Nationality !! Time !! Notes
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 1 ||align=left| Roger Moens||align=left| || 1:48.69 ||
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 2 ||align=left| Peter Snell||align=left| || 1:48.84 ||
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 3 ||align=left| Jörg Balke||align=left| || 1:48.98 ||
|-
| 4 ||align=left| Rudolf Klaban||align=left| || 1:50.32 ||
|-
| 5 ||align=left| Tom Farrell||align=left| || 1:50.84 ||
|-
| 6 ||align=left| Ergas Leps||align=left| || 1:52.13 ||
|-
| 7 ||align=left| Ekrem Koçak||align=left| || 1:52.66 ||
|-
|}
===Semifinals===
The fastest three runners in each of the two heats advanced to the final round.
Heat one
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Rank !! Name !! Nationality !! Time !! Notes
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 1 ||align=left| George Kerr ||align=left| || 1:47.26 || OR
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 2 ||align=left| Christian Wägli||align=left| || 1:47.40 ||
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 3 ||align=left| Manfred Matuschewski||align=left| || 1:47.54 ||
|-
| 4 ||align=left|Jörg Balke||align=left| || 1:47.63 ||
|-
| 5 ||align=left|Tony Blue||align=left| || 1:47.97 ||
|-
| 6 ||align=left|Tom Murphy||align=left| || 1:48.29 ||
|-
|}
Heat two
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Rank !! Name !! Nationality !! Time !! Notes
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 1 ||align=left| Peter Snell ||align=left| || 1:47.34 ||
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 2 ||align=left| Roger Moens||align=left| || 1:47.49 ||
|-bgcolor=lightblue
| 3 ||align=left| Paul Schmidt||align=left| || 1:47.95 ||
|-
| 4 ||align=left|Jerry Siebert||align=left| || 1:48.20 ||
|-
| 5 ||align=left|Abram Krivosheyev||align=left| || 1:48.25 ||
|-
| 6 ||align=left|Ernie Cunliffe||align=left| || 1:50.92 ||
|}
===Final===
Key: OR = Olympic record
==References==
1960 Summer Olympics results: Men's 800 metres, from http://www.sports-reference.com/; retrieved 2010-08-07.
M
800 metres at the Olympics | 569,361,586 | 2013-08-20T09:16:42 | Athletics at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Men's 800 metres | 2,013 |
5,199,096 | John Andrew Simpson (born 13 October 1953) is an English lexicographer and was Chief Editor of the Oxford English Dictionary (OED) from 1993 to 2013.
==Life==
John Simpson was born in Cheltenham, where his father was employed at GCHQ, and attended Dean Close School. He gained a BA in English literature at the University of York and a MA in Medieval Studies at the University of Reading.
He is married with two daughters and two granddaughters, and recently returned to live in Cheltenham.
==Career==
John Simpson joined the editorial staff of the OED in 1976 to work on the Supplement to the OED. He was Co-Editor of the Second Edition of the OED, published in 1989, and in 1993 was appointed Chief Editor, a position he held until his retirement in October 2013. During his tenure he led the first comprehensive revision of the OED and oversaw the introduction of its online version.
Simpson is a member of the English Faculty at the University of Oxford and an Emeritus Fellow of Kellogg College, Oxford, and a member of the Philological Society, where the idea of the Dictionary was first proposed in the 1850s. He is a founder member of the European Federation of National Institutions for Language and has been a member of its Executive Committee since 2003. He has acted as an adviser to a number of other national dictionaries, including the Opera del Vocabolario Italiano and the Australian National Dictionary. In 1999 he was awarded an honorary D.Litt by the Australian National University for his "distinguished creative achievement as a scholar in lexicography".
==Publications==
John Simpson edited the Concise Oxford Dictionary of Proverbs (1982) and co-edited the Oxford Dictionary of Modern Slang (1992). He wrote introductions to Robert Cawdrey's Table Alphabeticall (1604), B.E.'s Dictionary of the Canting Crew (1699), Francis Grose's Popular Superstitions (1787), and James Redding Ware's Victorian Dictionary of Slang and Phrase (1909), published by the Bodleian Library. He co-edits James Joyce Online Notes, a forum for the publication of documentary evidence about the people, words and cultural references in James Joyce's fiction.
==References==
==External links==
Oxford English Dictionary website entry for John Simpson
University of Oxford Faculty of English website entry for John Simpson
British lexicographers
Fellows of Kellogg College, Oxford
1953 births
People from Cheltenham
Living people
Alumni of the University of York
James Joyce scholars | 586,201,343 | 2013-12-15T15:59:50 | John Simpson (lexicographer) | 2,013 |
6,524,793 | 535,790,189 | 2013-01-31T01:45:50 | Tilly and the Wall albums | 2,013 |
|
8,072,394 | REDIRECT List of Nip/Tuck characters | 331,960,557 | 2009-12-16T05:05:27 | Marlowe Sawyer | 2,013 |
5,199,105 | ==Untitled==
Some sentences here are a possible copvio from
so need to be rewritten quickly. (The explanation there isn't great, either: I'm not sure I understand it, and I administer several Apache servers. 302 is temporary redirect; I presume the Location header that is returned with the response is the victim page, and the script doesn't provide the content itself?) -- | 542,153,355 | 2013-03-05T04:22:09 | Page hijacking | 2,013 |
28,290,748 | The TOOLS CONFERENCE SERIES is one of the oldest-running conferences on object technology, component-based development, model-based development and other advanced software technologies. The name originally stood for "Technology of Object-Oriented Languages and Systems" although it is usually no longer expanded, the conference being known simply as "the TOOLS conference".
The first conference was held in Paris in 1988, organized by Eiffel Software. The TOOLS conference series started next year, in 1989. Over the following 15 years it held 45 sessions: TOOLS EUROPE (usually in Paris), TOOLS USA (usually in Santa Barbara, California), TOOLS PACIFIC (usually Sydney), TOOLS ASIA (Peking) and TOOLS EASTERN EUROPE.
TOOLS has played a major role in the development of object technology; many seminal software concepts now taken for granted were first discussed at TOOLS. Invited speakers have included countless luminaries of science and industry such as Kent Beck, Robert Binder, Peter Coad, Alistair Cockburn, Steve Cook, James Coplien, Brad Cox, Miguel de Icaza, John Dvorak, Martin Fowler, Erich Gamma, Adele Goldberg, Richard Helms, Tony Hoare, Ivar Jacobson, Philippe Kahn, Alan Kay, Bertrand Meyer, Jim Miller, Robin Milner, David Parnas, Trygve Reenskaug, Michael Stal, Dave Thomas, David Taylor, Tony Wasserman and many others.
After an interruption of four years TOOLS started again in 2007 at ETH Zurich with an extended scope, encompassing not only objects and components but all modern approaches to software technology. It is held yearly, usually in late June or early July, alternating irregularly between Zurich and other locations. For the last editions of the conference, see the TOOLS page.
In recent years TOOLS has grown into a federated conference, hosting a number of associated conferences besides TOOLS Europe.
==Goals and scope==
TOOLS is devoted to the study and application of advanced software development methods, techniques, tools and languages, with a special emphasis on object-oriented techniques, component-based development, model-based development and design patterns. The conference distinguishes itself by combining selective peer review process, as in academic conferences, with a strong practical slant and concern about relevance to industry.
==Hosted conferences==
The TOOLS federated conference has hosted the following associated conferences in recent years:
Software Composition (SC): since 2007.
Test and Proofs (TAP): since 2007.
Software Engineering Advances For Outsourced and Offshore Development (SEAFOOD): 2008 - 2009.
International Conference on Model Transformation (ICMT): since 2008.
==List of past conferences==
This list includes a reference to the proceedings when known.
TOOLS 49: TOOLS EUROPE 2011: Zurich(Switzerland), http://toolseurope2011.lcc.uma.es/
TOOLS 48: TOOLS EUROPE 2010: Málaga (Spain), June 28-July 2, 2010. Program chair: Jan Vitek; Organizing chair: Antonio Valecillo. Proceedings: Springer Verlag LNCS no. 6141, ed. Jan Vitek.
TOOLS 47: TOOLS EUROPE 2009: Zurich (Switzerland), June 29-July 3, 2009. Program chair: Manuel Oriol; Conference chair: Bertrand Meyer. Proceedings: Springer Verlag LNBIP no. 33, ed. Manuel Oriol, Bertrand Meyer.
TOOLS 46: TOOLS EUROPE 2008: Zurich (Switzerland), June 30-July 4, 2008. Program chair: Richard Paige; Conference chair: Bertrand Meyer. Proceedings: Springer Verlag LNBIP no. 11, ed. Richard Paige.
TOOLS 45: TOOLS EUROPE 2007: Zurich (Switzerland), June 25–27, 2007. Program chair: Jean Bézivin. Proceedings published in the Journal of Object Technology, Vol 6, No. 9, July 2007. http://tools.ethz.ch/tools2007/
TOOLS 19: TOOLS EUROPE 1996: Paris(France); program chair: Richard Mitchell. Proceedings edited by Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-491903-3
TOOLS 17: TOOLS USA 1995: Santa Barbara (USA); Program chair: Raimund Ege. Proceedings edited by Prentice Hall, ISBN 0-13-461484-4
TOOLS 16: TOOLS EUROPE 1995: Versailles (France); Program chairs: Ian Graham & Boris Magnuusson. Proceedings edited by Prentice Hall, ISBN 0-13-443128-6
TOOLS 15: TOOLS PACIFIC 1994: Melbourne (Australia); Program chair: Christine Mingins. Proceedings edited by Prentice Hall, ISBN 0-13-438292-7
TOOLS 13: TOOLS EUROPE 1994: Versailles (France); Program chairs: Boris Magnusson & Jean-François Perrot. Proceedings edited by Prentice Hall, ISBN 0-13-350539-1
TOOLS 12: TOOLS PACIFIC 1993: Melbourne (Australia); Program chair: William Haebich. Proceedings edited by Prentice Hall, ISBN 0-13-124412-0
TOOLS 11: TOOLS USA 1993: Santa Barbara (USA); Program chair: Raimund Ege. Proceedings edited by Prentice Hall, ISBN 0-13-103979-2
TOOLS 10: TOOLS EUROPE 1993: Versailles (France); Program chairs: Boris Magnusson & Jean-François Perrot. Proceedings edited by Prentice Hall, ISBN 0-13-443128-6
TOOLS 9: TOOLS PACIFIC 1992: Sydney (Australia); Program chair: John Potter. Proceedings edited by Prentice Hall, ISBN 0-13-124412-0
TOOLS 4: TOOLS EUROPE 1991: Paris (France); Program chair: Jean Bézivin. Proceedings edited by Prentice Hall, ISBN 0-13-923160-9
TOOLS 3: TOOLS PACIFIC 1990: Sydney (Australia); Program chair: John Potter.
TOOLS 2: TOOLS EUROPE 1990: Paris (France); Program chair: Jean Bézivin. Proceedings edited by Angkor, ISBN 2-87892-000-7
TOOLS 1: TOOLS EUROPE 1988: Paris (France); Program chair: Jean Bézivin.
== References ==
== External links ==
TOOLS series page
2010 conference (Málaga)
Past TOOLS Conferences
Computer science conferences
Programming languages conferences | 508,687,998 | 2012-08-22T21:59:21 | TOOLS conference series | 2,013 |
28,290,749 | 572,228,506 | 2013-09-09T18:46:22 | I've Been This Way Before | 2,013 |
|
4,690,940 | Elisabeth Kværne (born August 31, 1953) is a Norwegian musician. She plays the langeleik, a string instrument similar to the Appalachian dulcimer. She won the 1985 Spellemannprisen in the category folk music and old dance for På langeleik.
==References==
==See also==
Music of Norway
1953 births
Norwegian folk musicians
Spellemannprisen winners
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people) | 548,812,684 | 2013-04-05T10:24:15 | Elisabeth Kværne | 2,013 |
5,199,107 | {|
|}
USS Contoocook was a screw sloop-of-war in the United States Navy during the American Civil War.
Contoocock was launched 3 December 1864 at Portsmouth Navy Yard and commissioned 14 March 1868, Captain George Balch in command.
Her first cruise, as flagship of the North Atlantic Squadron, took her to the West Indies where she patrolled extensively for the protection of American interests during 1868 and 1869. Her name was changed to Albany on 15 May 1869. After another cruise to the West Indies in the fall of that year, Albany was placed out of commission on 7 January 1870. She served as a quarantine ship at New York until sold 12 December 1872.
The name is taken from Contoocook, a river and village in New Hampshire.
==Source==
Sloops of the United States Navy
1864 ships | 505,752,987 | 2012-08-04T15:09:29 | USS Contoocook (1864) | 2,013 |
8,072,404 | ==Untitled==
We propose to add the observation that TORCH has been reviewed by the Low Level Radiation Campaign and to provide a link out to the review.
This comment is provided by me, Richard Bramhall of LLRC. I don't at all like the anonymity of Wikipedia and the way it hides the authorship of tendentious and downright inaccurate entries. I intend to be openly identifiable and emailable at bramhall@llrc.org
It doesn't hide it at all, it keeps whatever information is possible. I.e , the ip address. Anything beyond that is pretty much unenforceable. Also, on talk pages it is helpful if you type four ~ characters in a row at the end of your post as this will mark it with the date you made the post, as well as your username ( or ip address if you don't have an account ) allowing others to see who made the comment. 137.205.236.51
Actually, you should have a passing look at Introduction and most of all at Verifiability. The anonymous character is a detail when you're co-writing an encyclopedia with thousands of contributors, which makes the notion of "authorship" quite irrelevant. This is a collective work, and thus the only way to avoid "tendentious and downright inaccurate entries" is by citing sources, which you can easily insert in the text through Footnotes. Cheers! Lapaz
I have added a refernce to the comment made on the LLRC site, I think that it is clear that the LLRC have a dim view of the TORCH report.Cadmium
== Low Level Radiation Campaign criticisms - Notable and neutral? ==
Hi,
I've removed the following as it is a self-published (not peer-reviewed) critique by a self appointed group that itself may be non notable. These concerns and others need to be addressed before it is replaced.
== Criticisms ==
The TORCH report was reviewed by the The Low Level Radiation Campaign who commented that it was "a theoretical review of a small part of the evidence accrued in twenty years since the Chernobyl disaster" According to the LLRC review"It reveals consistent bias in that it ignores or under-reports crucial developments in radio-biology", and ignores a large volume of evidence from Russia, Belarus and the Ukraine.
Thanks.
== This article is clearly biased and insensitive ==
In fact, I think it displays gross indifference to human suffering and loss of life. Consider the following quote from it: "The TORCH report might be alarming but 4 kBq/m² of Cs-137 only gives an external gamma dose of 56 μSv per year (which is close to nothing, a 1 in 356000 chance of death due to cancer)." A 1 in 356,000 chance of death may seem insignificant to a person who gives it no thought. But this chance is being applied to approximately 120,000,000 people, with the result that about 400 people will wind up dead. Saying this is "close to nothing" is tantamount to saying human life is irrelevant. A random serial killer taking lives with these odds would be the object of a massive manhunt.
ghh — Preceding unsigned comment added by George H. Harvey (talk • contribs)
And yet driving a car with these odds would be construed as quite safe.
If I drive a car, I am accepting a slight risk in order to achieve a result. But the people who die as a result of external gamma dose of 56 μSv per year do not choose this. The two are not comparable.
If you want to make a comparison, make one that works. Suppose I can make a fortune on a bet, but there is a 1 in 356,000 chance that some randomly chosen person would die if I lose. If I were caught making such a bet, I suspect my actions would be construed as depraved indifference of human life. I can just imagine the reaction of a judge who heard a defense that my actions were safe compared to driving a car.
After reviewing my comments, I have had more come to mind on this, reinforcing my original contention. The very fact that the external gamma dose is raised as an issue in the article, while the internal dose is left unexamined, is objectionable. The internal dose has nowhere near the importance that the internal has. Cesium is a problem because it moves through the food chain, it becomes internal, and is retained by the body. Discussing a 1 in 356,000 chance, without assigning any number to the the most important part of the problem obscures the issue. As I think of this, I can see that the number of 400, which I used above, is probably low and off by more than an order of magnitude. The actual number might well be in the thousands, and this would mean the TORCH report might actually be correct.
The objections this article raises to the report make the article unbalanced on the face of it. Thought on the issue only makes it appear worse. I stand by my objections to the article. It is biased and insensitive to human life. ghh — Preceding unsigned comment added by George H. Harvey (talk • contribs)
== Nature references ==
Current reference 6 and 7 linking to Nature appear to be broken. EthicsGradient (talk) | 514,893,878 | 2012-09-27T22:17:04 | TORCH report | 2,013 |
6,524,795 | Luis Jerónimo Fernández de Cabrera Bobadilla Cerda y Mendoza, 4th Count of Chinchón (1589 in Madrid – October 28, 1647 in Madrid) was a Spanish nobleman and captain general and viceroy of Peru, from January 14, 1629 to December 18, 1639. His wife, Ana de Osorio (1599–1625), is credited as being one of the first Europeans to be treated with quinine, and as the person who introduced that medicine into Europe.
==Birth==
Fernández de Cabrera Bobadilla was born in Madrid in 1589 (or perhaps 1590), into a family close to the Spanish throne. His parents were Diego Fernández de Cabrera, third Count of Chinchón and Inés Pacheco, the daughter of the marquis of Villena and 3rd Duke of Escalona, Diego López Pacheco, and Luisa Bernarda de Cabrera Bobadilla, third marquesa of Moya. Don Luis's parents were first cousins.
==Viceroy of Peru==
He became viceroy of Peru in 1629. During his government, he suppressed an insurrection of the Uru and Araucano Indians. He also sent out the third expedition to explore the Amazon River, under Cristóbal de Acuña. (It was part of the return leg of the expedition of Pedro Teixeira.) He expanded the colonial navy and fortified the port of Callao.
Among his other official acts were the prohibition of direct trade between Peru and New Spain (Mexico) and the persecution of Portuguese Jews, the principal traders in Lima.
He also founded two chairs of medicine in the University of San Marcos.
==Quinine==
In an account published in 1663 by Sebastiano Bado, an Italian, the following claim was made: In 1638, the Countess of Chinchon became severely ill with tertian fever (malaria). Juan López de Canizares, governor of Loxa, wrote the viceroy, explaining that he had recently been cured by the bark of the quinaquina tree, and recommending the same remedy to the vicereine. The governor was summoned to Lima, the medicine was administered, and the countess was cured. In 1639, according to Bado, the countess returned to Spain, bringing a large quantity of the bark with her. This was the first introduction of quinine into Europe.
However, the official diary of Viceroy Fernández de Cabrera was discovered in 1930. This diary contradicts many of the claims made by Bado. It states that Ana de Osorio, his first countess of Chinchón, died in Spain at least three years before her husband was named viceroy of Peru. It was his second countess, Francisca Henríquez de Ribera, who accompanied the Count to South America, where she enjoyed excellent health. The count himself had several episodes of fever, but was never treated with bark. Neither did the second countess ever returned to Spain; she died in the port of Cartagena, Colombia during the return voyage.
In light of these much later revelations, Bado's account is now discredited among historians. Jesuit Barnabé de Cobo (1582–1657), who explored Mexico and Peru, is now credited with taking cinchona bark to Europe. He brought the bark from Lima to Spain, and afterwards to Rome and other parts of Italy, in 1632.
Carolus Linnaeus called the genus of quinine-producing trees Cinchona in honor of the countess.
See also Jesuit's bark.
==Return to Spain==
At the conclusion of his term as viceroy in 1639, Fernández de Cabrera returned to Spain, where he became a counselor of state and accompanied King Philip IV of Spain on campaign in Navarre, Aragon and Valencia. He died in 1647 in Madrid.
==External links==
His article in The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Copyright © 2001-05 Columbia University Press.
Microsoft Encarta (Archived 2009-11-01) encyclopedia
Introduction of quinine into Europe
1589 births
1647 deaths
Viceroys of Peru
Luis 04
Knights of Santiago | 543,100,252 | 2013-03-09T22:58:26 | Luis Jerónimo de Cabrera, 4th Count of Chinchón | 2,013 |
4,690,941 | This category lists all Wikipedians hailing from New Delhi.
Adding this template to your userpage will automatically categorise you:
Indian Wikipedians
Delhi Wikipedians | 511,817,341 | 2012-09-11T08:29:30 | New Delhi Wikipedians | 2,013 |
34,425,657 | Elections to the Parliament of Andalusia were held in Andalusia in Spain on 14 March 2004, concurrently with the nationwide general election celebrated on the same day. The elections were for all 109 seats of the Andalusian Parliament, determining the President of the Andalusia autonomous community.
Incumbent Socialist Manuel Chaves González was re-elected with a clear absolute majority, and was thus invested for the fifth time as President of Andalusia.
==Results==
< 2000 2008 >
|-
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=left colspan="2" rowspan="2" width=400 |Party
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=center colspan="3" |Popular Vote
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=center colspan="3" |Seats
|-
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right width=60|Votes
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right width=40|%
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right width=50|+/–
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right width=30|Seats
!style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=right width=30|+/–
|-
Partido Socialista Obrero Español de Andalucía – PSOE-A||2,260,545||51.07||6.17 ||61||9
|-
Partido Popular – PP||1,426,774||32.23||6.29 ||37||9
|-
Izquierda Unida Los Verdes - Convocatoría por Andalucía – IULV-CA||337,030||7.61||0.60 ||6||0
|-
Partido Andalucista – PA||276,674||6.25||1.28 ||5||0
|-
| bgcolor="white"| || align=left |Other parties||125,698||2.84||2.00 ||0||0
|- style="background-color:#E9E9E9"
| align="right" colspan="2" | Blank votes
| 62,451
| 1.38
| 0.10
| colspan=2|
|- style="background-color:#E9E9E9"
| align="right" colspan="2" | Valid votes
| 4,489,172
| 99.35
| 0.01
| colspan=2|
|- style="background-color:#E9E9E9"
| align="right" colspan="2" | Invalid votes
| 29,373
| 0.65
| 0.01
| colspan=2|
|- style="background-color:#E9E9E9"
| align="right" colspan="2" | Totals and voter turnout
| 4,518,545
| 74.66
| 5.95
| 109
| —
|- style="background-color:#BAB9B9"
| colspan="2" | Electorate
| 6,052,012
| 100.00
| —
| colspan=2|
|-
| colspan=11 align=left | Source: Junta de Andalucía
|}
==References==
Andalusian parliamentary elections
2004 elections in Spain | 550,125,492 | 2013-04-13T08:46:07 | 2004 Andalusian regional election | 2,013 |
5,199,110 | Kimo may refer to:
KIMO Industrie-Elektronik GmbH, An electronic manufacturing company from Germany
Kimo (band), New Zealand music group
Kimo (website) (), Taiwanese portal site
Kimo, a village in Oravais, Finland
KiMo Theater, Albuquerque, USA
Former stand up clown and comedian and current head of the Earth Negotiations Bulletin
Chery A1, a car, also known as "Kimo" in Russia.
KYUR, television station based in Anchorage, Alaska known as KIMO from 1971 until 2010
KIMO International, North Sea environmental organisation
people
Matt Anoa'i, professional wrestler who worked under the name Kimo
Kimo Kaulani, American record producer
Kimo Leopoldo, mixed martial artist often billed as just Kimo
Kimo von Oelhoffen, American football player
Kimo Proudfoot, American director of music videos
Kimo Williams, American musician
Kimo, American internet personality
Kimo, Dutch rapper
Kimo Yeti, Huaorani tribesman, see List of Huaorani people
Kimo, a common Hawaiian name translated to "Jim" or "James", see Hawaiian name | 527,829,976 | 2012-12-13T07:52:08 | Kimo | 2,013 |
6,524,797 | The Autovía A-3 (also called Autovía del Este) is a Spanish autovía which starts in Madrid and ends in Valencia. It is the shortest of the six radial autovías stemming from Madrid, at 355 km (220.5 miles), and forms European route E901. It replaced most of the former N-III road.
== Sections ==
== Major cities crossed==
Madrid
Arganda del Rey
Tarancón
Honrubia
Motilla del Palancar
Minglanilla
Utiel
Requena
Buñol
Cheste
Valencia
==External links==
Autovía A-3 in Google Maps
A-3
A-3
A-3
A-3 | 569,387,593 | 2013-08-20T12:30:47 | Autovía A-3 | 2,013 |
8,072,406 | Red Hill Pass is a mountain pass in Gila County, Arizona. It has an elevation of 3,218 ft (981 m) and is located near the city of Globe.
==References==
GNIS: Geonames
Landforms of Gila County, Arizona
Mountain passes of Arizona | 532,210,908 | 2013-01-09T17:39:23 | Red Hill Pass (Arizona) | 2,013 |
28,290,755 | == Dubious ==
Despite the presence of two references, the claim that Teide National Park is the most visited in Europe and second most visited in the World, doesn't stand up to examination. On the world scale, Great Smoky Mountains National Park received over 9.4 million visitors in 2009, Grand Canyon National Park received over 4.3 million visitors in 2010, Yellowstone National Park received over 3.6 million visitors in 2010; and that is just in the United States. In the UK the Peak District received 22 million visitors in 2006, the Lake District says "...with about 12 million visitors each year". I'm sure other examples can be found.
Unless Teide National Park has experienced a huge growth in visitor numbers in the last year, or other parks have experienced an equally massive collapse in visitor numbers, I cannot see how Teide's claim to be the most visited in Europe and second most visited in the World, can be true. Astronaut (talk) | 483,688,298 | 2012-03-24T13:30:50 | Teide National Park | 2,013 |
6,524,801 | ===Use===
To use this template, place the following Wikitext on your user page:
This template adds your user page to the following category:
WikiProject Kentucky members
For other Kentucky user templates, see:
Kentucky user templates
Kentucky user templates
Kentucky
WikiProject Kentucky templates | 441,735,678 | 2011-07-27T17:19:56 | User WikiProject Kentucky | 2,013 |
8,072,409 | ==Spam warning==
Please do not add inappropriate external links to Wikipedia. Wikipedia is not a mere directory of links nor should it be used for advertising or promotion. Inappropriate links include (but are not limited to) links to personal web sites, links to web sites with which you are affiliated, and links that exist to attract visitors to a web site or promote a product. See the external links guideline and spam policies for further explanations of links that are considered appropriate. If you feel the link should be added to the article, then please discuss it on the article's talk page rather than re-adding it. See the welcome page to learn more about Wikipedia. Thank you. --Fritz S. (Talk) | 135,417,018 | 2007-06-02T22:41:19 | 70.217.219.106 | 2,013 |
28,290,763 | == August 2010 ==
Welcome to Wikipedia. The recent edit that you made to the page Alpha Centauri in fiction has been reverted, as it appears to be unconstructive. Please use the sandbox for testing any edits; if you believe the edit was constructive, please ensure that you provide an informative edit summary. You may also wish to read the introduction to editing for further information. Thank you. Tyrol5 | 377,713,250 | 2010-08-07T21:29:18 | 174.57.68.147 | 2,013 |
5,199,111 | Sir Nicholas Wyndham Partridge, OBE, is a leading British health care and HIV/AIDS care activist.
==Activism==
He has worked for the Terrence Higgins Trust in the UK since 1985 when he started in the postroom, subsequently working his way to become Chief Executive in 1991. He has been a consistent voice in the media coverage of AIDS in all its aspects from health promotion, social care and advocacy to treatment issues.
He is also Chair of Involve, an advisory group promoting public involvement in NHS, public health and social care research. He lives in Peckham, London with his partner of 27 years, a counselling psychologist.
==Honours==
In 1999 he was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in recognition of his contribution to the charitable sector and was appointed a Commissioner of the Commission for Health Improvement. Partridge was knighted in the 2009 New Year Honours.
In 2006, he was declared one the 100 most influential gay and lesbian people in Britain by the Independent;and in 2010 was ranked 75th (rising from 89th the previous year) in the same list.
==References==
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Alumni of Keele University
LGBT rights activists from England
Knights Bachelor | 542,997,792 | 2013-03-09T09:17:12 | Nick Partridge | 2,013 |
6,524,803 | Please do not add commercial links or links to your own private websites to Wikipedia. Wikipedia is not a vehicle for advertising or a mere collection of external links. You are, however, encouraged to add content instead of links to the encyclopedia. If you feel the link should be added to the article, then please discuss it on the article's talk page rather than re-adding it. See the welcome page to learn more about Wikipedia. Thank you. Edward
Please don't vandalize the Plot article. Blah, blah, blah, filler text fun.
=== 27 September 2006 ===
The edit you made to August 18 (this revision) constitutes vandalism, and has been reverted. If you are interested in making useful contributions, see the welcome page and the introduction to editing. However, please do not continue to vandalise pages; such edits will be reverted and you will be blocked from further editing – Gurch | 78,108,132 | 2006-09-27T14:36:44 | 82.230.245.232 | 2,013 |
4,690,946 | Souletin (Zuberera), is the Basque dialect spoken in Soule, France.
==Name==
In English sources, the Basque-based term Zuberoan is sometimes encountered. In Standard Basque, the dialect is known as Zuberera (the province name Zuberoa plus the language-forming suffix -era), locally variously as Üskara, Xiberera or Xiberotarra. In Spanish, Souletino or Suletino are used.
==Distribution==
Sometimes the southern dialect named Roncalese was included within Zuberoan. A Basque language variety close to Zuberoan may have extended farther east into the Central Pyrenees, as attested by place-names and historic records about Basque language peoples ("Wascones, qui trans Garonnam et circa Pirineum montem habitant", in the Royal Frankish Annals).
==Features==
Zuberoan is marked by influences from the Occitan language (in particular from its Béarnese form), especially in the lexicon. In contrast to other Basque dialects that have five vowels, Zuberoan has six, with a (written ü) that is markedly noticeable to speakers of other varieties of Basque. However, the sixth vowel may have resulted from an influence of the Béarnese vowel shift some centuries ago, and is not an enduring ancient vowel otherwise vanished from Basque. Another distinct characteristic is the use of verb forms xuka, a form of address including in 3rd person verbs the interlocutor marker embedded in the auxiliary verb, e.g. jin da → jin düxü (s/he came → s/he came to you).
== Example ==
This example of the "Orreaga" ballad composed by Arturo Campion shows some differences between this dialect and the standard Basque (Euskara batua).
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 100%"
!style="background-color: #CCCCFF"|Zuberoan
!style="background-color: #CCCCFF"|Euskara batua
|-
|- align="center"
| style="background-color: #f8f1df"|IGaiherdi da.
Errege Karloman Auritz-berrin dago bere armadareki;
zelü ülhünian ezta ageri, ez argizagi, ez izarrik;
hürrünian sügar handi batzük argitzen die mendiartetan;
Frantzesak khantatzen ari dira herrian;
Altabizkarreko üngürünetan entzüten dira
otsoen izigarriko orroak,
eta holatan Üskaldünek zorrozten dütie
beren eztenak eta aizkorak
Ibañetako harri eta harbochietan.
IIKhechü eta erreus, Karlomanek eztezake loik har.
Ohe saihetsian bereter batek irakurten dü
amoriozko khuntü bat;
hürrünchiago Arrolan gaitzak argitzen dü
bere Dürandal ezpata famatia,
eta Türpin archebisko hona ari dá
Jinkoaren Ama saintiari othoitzen.
IIIBereter maytia, — dio Errege Karlomanek;
— zer dá gaiazko isiltarzüna hausten dian herots hori?
— Jauna,— ihardesten deio bereterrak;
— Iratiko, ichasoa beno zabalago den,
oihaneko ostoak dira aiziak erabilten.
— Ah! haur maytia, heriotziaren deihadarra üdüri dik,
eta ene bihotza lazten dük.
IVGaia osoki ülhün da.
Argizagirik ez izarrik ezta ageri zelietan;
hürrünian sügar handi batzük argitzen die mendiartetan;
Frantzesak ló daude Auritz-berrin:
Altabizkarreko üngürünetan otsoak orroaz ari dira,
eta Üskaldünek zorrozten dütie bere eztenak
eta aizkorak Ibañetáko harroketan.
VZer dá herots hori?
— galdatzen dü berriz Karlomanek,
eta bereterrak, loaz egochirik, ezteio ihardesten.
— Jauna, — dio Arrolan azkarrak;
mendiko ur-turrusta da,
Andresaroko artaldiaren marrakak.
— Intziri bat üdüri dü, — ihardesten dü Errege Frantzesak.
— Egia dá, Jauna, — dio Arrolanek;
— herri hunek nigar eglten dü gützaz orhitzen denian.
VIKhechüeriareki Karlomanek ezin dezake loa bil;
zelü lürrak argigabe dira;
otsoak orrokoz ari dira Altabizkarren;
Üskaldünen eztenek eta aizkorek
distiatzen die Ibañetako haritzartetan.
VIIAh! — dio hasperenez Karlomanek.
— Eztezaket loa bil; suharrak erratzen nai.
Zer da herots hori?
— Eta Arrolanek, loaz egochirik, ezteio ihardesten.
— Jauna, — dio Türpin honak;
othoi ezazü, othoi-ezazü eneki.
Herots hori Üskaldünen gerla-ahairia dá,
eta hau da gure omen handiaren azken egüna.
VIIIEkhiak argitzen dütü mendiak.
Garhaiturik ihesi doa Karloman,
«bere hegats beltz eta kapa gorriareki».
Haurrak eta emaztiak dantzan ari dira boztarioz Ibañetan.
Ezta atzerik Uskal-Herrian,
eta menditarren oihiak heltzen dirá zelietarano.
| style="background-color: #f8f1df"|IGauerdia da.
Errege Karloman Aurizberrin dago bere armadarekin;
zeru ilunean ez da ageri, ez ilargi, ez izarrik;
urrunean sugar handi batzuk argitzen dira mendi arteetan;
Frantsesak kantatzen ari dira herrian;
Altabizkarreko inguruneetan entzuten dira
otsoen izugarrizko orroak,
eta horrela euskaldunek zorrozten dituzte
beren eztenak eta aizkorak
Ibañetako harri eta harkaitzetan.
IIKexu eta artega, Karlomanek ez dezake lorik har.
Ohe saihetsean bereter batek irakurtzen du
amodiozko kontu bat;
urrunxeago Arrolan gaitzak argitzen du
bere Durandal ezpata famatua,
eta Turpin artzapezpiku ona ari zaio
Jainkoaren Ama sainduari otoitzen.
IIIBereter maitea, — dio Errege Karlomanek;
— zer da gaueko isiltasuna hausten duen zalaparta hori?
— Jauna,— erantzuten dio bereterrak;
— Iratiko, itsasoa baino zabalago den,
oihaneko hostoak dira haizeak erabiltzen.
— Ah! haur maitea, heriotzaren deiadarra irudi dik,
eta ene bihotza lazten duk.
IVGaua osoki iluna da.
Ilargirik ez izarrik ez da ageri zeruetan;
urrunean sugar handi batzuk argitzen dira mendiartetan;
Frantsesak lo daude Aurizberrin:
Altabizkarreko inguruneetan otsoak orroz ari dira,
eta Euskaldunek zorrozten dituzte beren eztenak
eta aizkorak Ibañetako arroketan.
VZer da zalaparta hori?
— galdetzen du berriz Karlomanek,
eta bereterrak, loaz egotzirik, ez dio erantzuten.
— Jauna, — dio Arrolan indartsuak;
mendiko ur-zorrotada da,
Andresaroko artaldearen marrakak.
— Auhen bat irudi du, — erantzuten du Errege frantsesak.
— Egia da, Jauna, — dio Arrolanek;
— herri honek negar egiten du gutaz oroitzen denean.
VIKexuekin Karlomanek ezin dezake loa bil;
zeru lurrak argigabe dira;
otsoak orroz ari dira Altabizkarren;
Euskaldunen eztenak eta aizkorak
distiratzen dira Ibañetako haritz arteetan.
VIIAh! — dio hasperenez Karlomanek.
— Ez dezaket loa bil; suharrak erretzen nau.
Zer da zalaparta hori?
— Eta Arrolanek, loaz egotzirik, ez dio erantzuten.
— Jauna, — dio Turpin onak;
otoitz egin, otoitz egin enekin.
Zalaparta hori Euskaldunen gerla-doinua da,
eta hau da gure omen handiaren azken eguna.
VIIIEguzkiak argitzen ditu mendiak.
Garaiturik ihesi doa Karloman,
«bere hegats beltz eta kapa gorriarekin».
Haurrak eta emazteak dantzan ari dira boztarioz Ibañetan.
Ez da atzerik Euskal Herrian,
eta menditarren oihuak heltzen dira zeruetaraino.
|}
==Notes==
==See also==
Basque dialects
==External links==
Basque language
Soule | 583,631,859 | 2013-11-28T06:28:12 | Souletin dialect | 2,013 |
28,290,769 | == November 2010 ==
Welcome to Wikipedia. Everyone is welcome to make constructive contributions to Wikipedia, but at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to Summer, did not appear to be constructive and has been automatically reverted (undone) by ClueBot NG.
Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia. Note that human editors do monitor recent changes to Wikipedia articles, and administrators have the ability to block users from editing if they repeatedly engage in vandalism.
ClueBot NG produces very few false positives, but it does happen. If you believe the change you made should not have been detected as unconstructive, please read about it, report it here, remove this warning from your talk page, and then make the edit again.
The following is the log entry regarding this warning: Summer was changed by 72.224.161.249 (u) (t) ANN scored at 0.97619 on 2010-11-28T20:19:02+00:00 . Thank you. ClueBot NG (talk) | 399,380,326 | 2010-11-28T20:19:06 | 72.224.161.249 | 2,013 |
8,072,410 | The Recreational Dive Planner (or RDP) is a decompression table in which no-stop time under-water is calculated. The RDP was developed by DSAT and was the first dive table developed exclusively for recreational, no stop diving. There are four types of RDPs: the original table version first introduced in 1988, The Wheel version, the original electronic version or eRDP introduced in 2005 and the latest electronic multi-level version or eRDPML introduced in 2008.
RDPs are almost always used in conjunction with dive log books to record and monitor pressure depth and residual nitrogen levels.
The low price and convenience of many modern dive computers mean that many recreational divers only use tables such as the RDP for a short time during training before moving on to use a diving computer. Dive computers are also used as they calculate no-decompression limits based on the whole dive whereas the RDP is much more conservative and assumes a square profile dive where the diver spends the entire dive at one depth. Although this is much more conservative, dive computers provide much more dive time and therefore are the more popular option with most divers.
== References ==
Decompression algorithms | 572,208,505 | 2013-09-09T16:17:39 | Recreational Dive Planner | 2,013 |
34,425,659 | {| width="100%" style="background:transparent"
{| width="100%" style="background-color:#F5FFFA"
|style="width: 50%; border:1px solid #084080; background-color:#F5FFFA; vertical-align:top"|
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#F5FFFA"
| Hello, , and Welcome to Wikipedia!
Please remember to sign your name on talk pages by clicking or or by typing four tildes (~~~~); this will automatically produce your username and the date. Also, please do your best to always fill in the edit summary field. Below are some useful links to facilitate your involvement.
Happy editing! SwisterTwister talk
|}
{| width="100%" style="background-color:#F5FFFA"
|style="width: 50%; border:0; background-color:#F5FFFA; vertical-align:top"|
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#F5FFFA;"
|-
! Getting started
|-
|style="color:#000"|
Introduction
The five pillars of Wikipedia
How to edit a page
Intuitive guide to Wikipedia
|-
! Finding your way around
|-
| style="color:#000"|
Table of contents
Department directory
|-
! Editing articles
|-
| style="color:#000"|
How to develop an article
Manual of Style
|-
|}
|style="width: 50%; border:0; background-color:#F5FFFA; vertical-align:top"|
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#F5FFFA"
! Getting help
|-
|style="color:#000"|
Frequently asked questions
Cheatsheet
Where to ask a question
Help pages
New contributors' help page
Article Wizard – a Wizard to help you create articles
|-
! How you can help
|-
|style="color:#000"|
Contributing to Wikipedia
Community Portal
Join a WikiProject
Follow Wikipedia etiquette
Practice civility
|-
|}
|}
|}
|}
==Speedy deletion nomination of How do you edit things on wikipedia==
Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. This is a notice that the page that you created was tagged as a test page and has been or soon will be deleted. Please use the sandbox for any other tests you want to do. Take a look at the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia.
If you think that this notice was placed here in error, contest the deletion by clicking on the button labelled "Click here to contest this speedy deletion". Doing so will take you to the talk page where you will find a pre-formatted place for you to explain why you believe the page should not be deleted. You can also visit the page's talk page directly to give your reasons, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the page meets the criterion, it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the page that would render it more in conformance with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. If the page is deleted, you can contact one of these administrators to request that the administrator userfy the page or email a copy to you. SwisterTwister talk | 472,152,883 | 2012-01-19T23:55:57 | Fighter14144 | 2,013 |
6,524,805 | The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.
The result was Speedy KEEP, nominated too recently and SNOW. -Doc
===Scholars for 9/11 Truth===
barely notable, inflammatory, exists just to push conspiracy theory cruft POV TheOnlyChoice
Keep, nothing has changed from its first nomination (Feb 2006), second nomination (Mar 2006), and third (May 2006) Middenface
Keep Keep, it's even more sourced now than it was on previous AfDs (CNN, Fox, national post, etc.) rootology (T)
lol
Keep. Gazpacho
Keep as notable, referenced and endlessly rehashed, and note that the user, whose user page says 'I come to edit', made their user page their first edit, and the other three to do this AfD. Something smells funny on *that* one... Tony Fox (arf!)
Keep; nothing has changed, except for certain sections which seem to be undergoing revert wars. — Arthur Rubin | (talk)
Keep notable, referenced, encyclopedic. Edison
Keep, much as this pains me. Notable group of nutjobs in high places. Someone's gotta make it a bit more neutral, though, and cite some responses to loaded questions like "How did all three WTC buildings collapse close to the speed of which they would have collapsed had there been no structural stability at all?" when that isn't what happened at all. Raggaga
Keep - this should be a criterion for speedy keeping. This has been nominated now 4 times, and mostly because of its political content/potential to cause offense. Could the closing admin please place a notice on the discussion page to leave it alone? - Richardcavell
Keep Notable, needs cleanup however. ReverendG
''The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page. | 70,418,628 | 2006-08-18T13:34:20 | Articles for deletion/Scholars for 9/11 Truth (4th nomination) | 2,013 |
34,425,661 | Welcome!
Hello, Lankaisi, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Unfortunately, one or more of the pages you created, such as Gordon Dadds, may not conform to some of Wikipedia's guidelines, and may soon be deleted.
There's a page about creating articles you may want to read called Your first article. If you are stuck, and looking for help, please come to the New contributors' help page, where experienced Wikipedians can answer any queries you have! Or, you can just type on this page, and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Here are a few other good links for newcomers:
Starting an article
Your first article
Biographies of living persons
How to write a great article
The five pillars of Wikipedia
Help pages
Tutorial
I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you have any questions, check out Questions or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! Mtking (edits)
==Speedy deletion nomination of Gordon Dadds==
A tag has been placed on Gordon Dadds requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section A7 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the article appears to be about an organization or company, but it does not indicate how or why the subject is important or significant: that is, why an article about that subject should be included in an encyclopedia. Under the criteria for speedy deletion, such articles may be deleted at any time. Please see the guidelines for what is generally accepted as notable.
If you think that this notice was placed here in error, contest the deletion by clicking on the button labelled "Click here to contest this speedy deletion". Doing so will take you to the talk page where you will find a pre-formatted place for you to explain why you believe the page should not be deleted. You can also visit the page's talk page directly to give your reasons, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the page meets the criterion, it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the page that would render it more in conformance with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. If the page is deleted, you can contact one of these administrators to request that the administrator userfy the page or email a copy to you. Mtking (edits) | 472,142,636 | 2012-01-19T22:47:05 | Lankaisi | 2,013 |
6,524,806 | Albums by Craig Wedren. | 516,605,079 | 2012-10-08T09:37:16 | Craig Wedren albums | 2,013 |
4,690,954 | Attention:
This IP address, , is registered to NTL (Swansea) and is shared by multiple users. Comments left on this page may be received by other users of this IP and appear to be irrelevant. Caution should be used when blocking this IP or reverting its contributions without checking. In the event of vandalism from this address, efforts will be made to contact NTL (Swansea) to report abuse.
If you are an unregistered user operating from this address, note that this need not necessarily be the IP address of your machine. In many cases, it turns out to be the IP address of a proxy server that communicates between your browser and the Wikimedia servers. Such proxies are shared among a huge number of users compared to the number of persons using your particular machine. If you are frustrated by irrelevant comments appearing here, you can avoid them by creating an account for yourself. However, you will still be unable to edit Wikipedia while the IP you are using is blocked. | 394,244,730 | 2010-11-01T21:00:18 | 81.96.195.108 | 2,013 |
6,524,807 | Thank you for experimenting with the page Victoria of the United Kingdom on Wikipedia. Your test worked, and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any other tests you want to do. Take a look at the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia. -- Syrthiss | 70,284,734 | 2006-08-17T19:43:32 | 80.195.135.24 | 2,013 |
8,072,412 | Lana Hutton Bowen-Judd (7 March 1922 – 1985) was a British mystery writer, better known under her pseudonym Sara Woods, but using also the pen names of Anne Burton, Mary Challis, and Margaret Leek.
==Biography==
Born in Bradford, Yorkshire, England, she was educated at the Convent of the Sacred Heart in Filey, Yorkshire.
During World War II, she worked in a bank and as a solicitor's clerk in London, where she gained much of the information later used in her novels. She married Anthony George Bowen-Judd on 25 April 1946, and with him ran a pig breeding farm from 1948 to 1954. In 1957 they moved to Nova Scotia, Canada. There she worked as registrar for St. Mary's University until 1964. In 1961 she wrote her first novel, Bloody Instructions, introducing the hero of forty-nine of her mysteries, Anthony Maitland, an English barrister.
Lana Bowen-Judd was a member of the Society of Authors in England, the Authors League of America, the Mystery Writers of America, and the English Crime Writers' Association. She was also instrumental in forming Crime Writers of Canada, serving on its first executive committee.
Her last years were passed with her husband in Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario. She died in Toronto, Canada, in 1985.
==Books==
writing as Sara Woods, featuring Anthony Maitland, barrister
writing as Mary Challis, featuring Jeremy Locke
writing as Anne Burton, featuring Richard Trenton
writing as Margaret Leek, featuring Anne Marryat (assisted by her husband, Stephen)
==References==
1922 births
1985 deaths
People from Bradford
British mystery writers
British women writers | 568,924,045 | 2013-08-17T12:12:50 | Sara Woods | 2,013 |
34,425,664 | == January 2012 ==
Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Everyone is welcome to make constructive contributions to Wikipedia, but at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to MM, did not appear to be constructive and has been automatically reverted (undone) by an automated computer program called ClueBot NG.
Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia. Note that human editors do monitor recent changes to Wikipedia articles, and administrators have the ability to block users from editing if they repeatedly engage in vandalism.
ClueBot NG makes very few mistakes, but it does happen. If you believe the change you made should not have been considered as unconstructive, please read about it, , remove this warning from your talk page, and then make the edit again.
If you need help, please see our help pages, and if you can't find what you are looking for there, please feel free to place "" on your talk page and someone will drop by to help.
The following is the log entry regarding this warning: MM was changed by 71.230.90.18 (u) (t) ANN scored at 0.950537 on 2012-01-19T22:47:14+00:00 . Thank you. ClueBot NG (talk) | 472,142,681 | 2012-01-19T22:47:24 | 71.230.90.18 | 2,013 |
6,524,811 | Thank you for experimenting with the page Richard Campbell on Wikipedia. Your test worked, and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any other tests you want to do. Take a look at the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia. A link to the edit I have reverted can be found here: link. If you believe this edit should not have been reverted, please contact me. —— Eagle (ask me for help)
==Welcome== ==Welcome!==
Welcome to Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia! You don't have to log in to read or edit articles on Wikipedia, but creating an account is quick, free and non-intrusive, requires no personal information, and gives you many benefits, including:
The use of a username of your choice, provided that it is appropriate.
The use of your own personal watchlist to which you can add articles that interest you.
The ability to start new pages.
The ability to rename pages.
The ability to edit semi-protected pages.
The ability to upload images.
The ability to customize the appearance and behavior of the website.
The eligibility to eventually become an administrator.
Your IP address will no longer be visible to other users.
We hope that you choose to become a Wikipedian and create an account. Feel free to ask me any questions you may have on my talk page. By the way, make sure to sign your posts and comments with four tildes (~~~~), which will let others know who left it. —— Eagle (ask me for help) | 70,284,773 | 2006-08-17T19:43:43 | 72.43.209.174 | 2,013 |
5,199,116 | Doom was a Japanese thrash metal band by former Zadkiel members Koh and Jouichi. Formed in Tokyo in 1985, the first line up included Takashi "Taka" Fujita (vocals/guitar), Koh "Pirarucu" Morota (fretless bass) and Jouichi "Joe" Hirokawa (drums). The group released their first EP Go Mad Yourself! in 1986, and the debut album No More Pain followed in 1987. Despite having very much broken English included in their lyrics, the group gained a lot of popularity and signed to the Japanese label Invitation. The band continued to release many more albums and even played a gig in the United States at CBGB's in October 1988. On May 7, 1999, founding member Koh was found dead, having apparently drowned. They released their final album Where Your Life Lies!? in November 1999, before officially disbanding in August 2000.
== Members ==
Takashi "Taka" Fujita - vocals, guitar (Unit-3,former live guitarist for The Mad Capsule Markets, currently support for Luna Sea member J)
Shigeru "Pazz" Kobayashi - drums (Gastunk)
Masami Chiba - bass (Shellshock)
=== Former members ===
Jouichi "Joe" Hirokawa - drums (United, Zadkiel, Warpigs, Egao Dorami)
Koh "Pirarucu" Morota (b. 1963-d.1999) - fretless bass (Zadkiel, Schaft, Egao Dorami)
== Discography ==
Go Mad Yourself! (EP, 1986)
"Why!?/Last Stand to Hell" (single, 1986)
No More Pain (full-length, 1987)
Killing Field (EP, 1988)
Complicated Mind (full-length, 1988)
Incompetent... (full-length, 1989)
Human Noise (full-length, 1991
Doom VI – Illegal Soul (full-length, 1992)
Split 7 w/ Hedgehog Split (split album, 1994)
"Freakout" (single, 1995)
Where Your Life Lies!? (full-length, 1999)
== External links ==
Doom FAQ
Japanese thrash metal musical groups
Musical groups from Tokyo
Musical groups established in 1985
Musical groups disestablished in 2000 | 566,263,190 | 2013-07-29T09:50:51 | Doom (Japanese band) | 2,013 |
4,690,955 | Marcos Restrepo (born 1961, Catarama, Ecuador) Restrepo is a Latin American painter who is a member of the artist group Artefactoría, founded by Xavier Patiño. Artefactoría formed in 1982 by a group of painters from the School of Fine Arts in Guayaquil who are inspired by the surrealists and the unconscious. Members of Artefactoria include: Restrepo, Xavier Patiño, Jorge Velarde, Pedro Dávila, Marco Alvarado, Flavio Álava, Paco Cuesta
In 1996, Restrepo obtained the Second Prize of the V Biennial of International Painting in River Basin, Ecuador for his painting Al Finál del Tunel (shown right). In 1986, Restrepo obtained an honorable mention in the Hall Prize of Paris.
==Some exhibitions==
1977 - Hall October, Guayaquil
1978 - Young Painting, Guayaquil
1980 - Hall Julio, Guayaquil
1982 - Pinacoteca of the Central bank of Ecuador, Guayaquil
1983 - Hall Vicente Rocafuerte, Guayaquil
1985 - Contemporary sacred art of Ecuador, Guayaquil
1989 - I Hall Art PROESA, Quito
1992 - Permanent Exhibition Seville 92
1997 - Shared worlds, National Museum of the Central bank of Ecuador, Quito
2006 - Museo Municipal de Arte Moderno, Exposición del Fondo Patrimonial del Museo, Cuenca, Ecuador
==References==
Contemporary painters
Ecuadorian painters
1961 births
Living people | 587,797,911 | 2013-12-26T20:36:25 | Marcos Restrepo | 2,013 |
34,425,666 | == January 2012 ==
Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Although everyone is welcome to contribute to Wikipedia, at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to Carboxymethyl cellulose, did not appear to be constructive and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and read the welcome page to learn more about contributing constructively to this encyclopedia. The reverted edit can be found . Edinburgh Wanderer | 472,142,700 | 2012-01-19T22:47:32 | 97.127.21.84 | 2,013 |
4,690,960 | Thank you for experimenting with the page Super Size Me on Wikipedia. Your test worked, and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any other tests you want to do. Take a look at the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia, which you are more than welcome to do. A link to the edit I have reverted can be found here: link. If you believe this edit should not have been reverted, please contact me. Computerjoe's talk
Interesting, seems like I just got the same IP (we've got dynamic IPs over here in Germany) as the guy who vandalized the article mentioned above also had nearly 3 years ago ;) "80.128.225.188" | 269,217,349 | 2009-02-07T23:20:04 | 80.128.225.188 | 2,013 |
34,425,667 | == January 2012 ==
Please do not add or change content without verifying it by citing reliable sources, as you did to Cindy Day. Please review the guidelines at Citing sources and take this opportunity to add references to the article. Thank you. Iftelse (talk)
If this is a shared IP address, and you didn't make the edit, consider creating an account for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant notices. | 472,142,722 | 2012-01-19T22:47:41 | 71.7.159.8 | 2,013 |
4,690,965 | Please leave any messages at Marknew | 49,586,010 | 2006-04-22T12:38:45 | 81.174.128.204 | 2,013 |
34,425,668 | {| width="100%" style="background:transparent"
{| width="100%" style="background-color:#F5FFFA"
|style="width: 50%; border:1px solid #084080; background-color:#F5FFFA; vertical-align:top"|
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#F5FFFA"
| Hello, , and Welcome to Wikipedia!
Please remember to sign your name on talk pages by clicking or or by typing four tildes (~~~~); this will automatically produce your username and the date. Also, please do your best to always fill in the edit summary field. Below are some useful links to facilitate your involvement.
Happy editing! SwisterTwister talk
|}
{| width="100%" style="background-color:#F5FFFA"
|style="width: 50%; border:0; background-color:#F5FFFA; vertical-align:top"|
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#F5FFFA;"
|-
! Getting started
|-
|style="color:#000"|
Introduction
The five pillars of Wikipedia
How to edit a page
Intuitive guide to Wikipedia
|-
! Finding your way around
|-
| style="color:#000"|
Table of contents
Department directory
|-
! Editing articles
|-
| style="color:#000"|
How to develop an article
Manual of Style
|-
|}
|style="width: 50%; border:0; background-color:#F5FFFA; vertical-align:top"|
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#F5FFFA"
! Getting help
|-
|style="color:#000"|
Frequently asked questions
Cheatsheet
Where to ask a question
Help pages
New contributors' help page
Article Wizard – a Wizard to help you create articles
|-
! How you can help
|-
|style="color:#000"|
Contributing to Wikipedia
Community Portal
Join a WikiProject
Follow Wikipedia etiquette
Practice civility
|-
|}
|}
|}
|}
==Speedy deletion nomination of Terrordrome (Game)==
A tag has been placed on Terrordrome (Game) requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done because the article, which appears to be about a real person, individual animal(s), an organization (band, club, company, etc.), or web content, does not indicate how or why the subject of the article is important or significant: that is, why an article about it should be included in an encyclopedia. Under the criteria for speedy deletion, articles that do not indicate the subject's importance or significance may be deleted at any time. Please see the guidelines for what is generally accepted as notable.
If you can assert the importance of the subject, . Clicking that button will take you to the talk page where you will find a pre-formatted place for you to explain why you believe the page should not be deleted. You can also visit the article's talk page directly to give your reasons, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the article meets the criterion, it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself. You may freely add information to the article that would confirm the subject's notability under Wikipedia guidelines.
See the guidelines for specific types of articles: biographies, websites, bands, or companies. Rorshacma (talk)
== Nomination of Terrordrome (Game) for deletion ==
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Terrordrome (Game) is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.
The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Terrordrome (Game) until a consensus is reached, and anyone is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on good quality evidence, and our policies and guidelines.
Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion template from the top of the article. | 502,754,488 | 2012-07-17T07:24:06 | KrazyBiird | 2,013 |
5,199,120 | Thionyl bromide is the chemical compound SOBr2. It is less stable and less widely used than its chloride analogue, thionyl chloride. It is prepared by the action of on thionyl chloride, a characteristic reaction where a stronger acid is converted to a weaker acid:
SOCl2 + 2HBr → SOBr2 + 2HCl
Thionyl bromide is used for some brominations of certain α,β-unsaturated carbonyls, and it also converts alcohols to alkyl bromides. Otherwise it hydrolyzes readily to release sulfur dioxide:
SOBr2 + H2O → SO2 + 2HBr
==Safety==
SOBr2 hydrolyzes readily to release dangerous HBr and acts as a lachrymator.
==References==
Inorganic sulfur compounds
Oxohalides
Thionyl compounds | 586,471,490 | 2013-12-17T10:08:39 | Thionyl bromide | 2,013 |
6,524,812 | Garrey Edward Carruthers (born August 29, 1939) is an American politician, academic, and former Governor of New Mexico.
Carruthers currently serves as President of New Mexico State University. Previously Carruthers served as Special Assistant to the U.S. Secretary of Agriculture from 1974 to 1975, director of the New Mexico Water Resources Research Institute at New Mexico State University, State Chair of the Republican Party Of New Mexico from 1977 to 1979, Assistant Secretary of Interior for Land and Resources from 1981 to 1984, the 27th Governor of New Mexico from 1987 to 1991, and was President and CEO of the Cimarron Health Plan from 1993 to 2003. From 1993 to 1998, Carruthers was also the chairman of The Advancement of Sound Science Coalition, a tobacco industry-funded lobby group that promoted the idea that environmental science on issues including smoking, pesticides, and global warming is "junk science."
Carruthers has a Ph.D. in economics from Iowa State University. On June 6, 2008, Carruthers was elected to serve on the First State Bancorporation Board of Directors (NASDAQ:FSNM) according to a press release issued by the bank. Mr. Carruthers was appointed to serve on the Compensation and Nominating Committees of the Board. First State Bank is a New Mexico based bank holding company currently operating in New Mexico, Colorado, Utah and Arizona.
Carruthers was elected Governor of New Mexico as a Republican in 1986, a major focal point in his race was reinstating the death penalty, resulting in outgoing Democratic Governor Toney Anaya commuting the sentences of all men on death row in protest.
In 2013, Carruthers became a finalist to become president of New Mexico State University.
The NMSU Board of Regents voted May 6 3-2 in favor of Carruthers to lead the state's second-largest four-year university.
== Views on science ==
Questioned by faculty at an on-campus meeting on his candidacy to become NMSU president in 2013, Carruthers asserted that there was not a scientific consensus on climate change. He stated: "I don't know. I'm an economist. I don't do global warming. It's a scientific judgment that I can't make."
In a letter, four state representatives said that science, particularly climate change, is an essential issue for NMSU. They raised concerns about Carruthers' involvement in TASSC, claiming "a clear history of industry involvement in staking out positions opposing now widely held beliefs regarding public health and the environment."
In response, Carruthers expressed disagreement with the stance of The Advancement of Sound Science Coalition on the risks of second-hand smoke. "I'm four-square against second-hand smoke," Carruthers said in an interview with the Albuquerque Journal. "I don't think people should smoke, and second-hand smoke is detrimental to other people's health."
== References ==
1939 births
American university and college presidents
Governors of New Mexico
Iowa State University alumni
Living people
New Mexico Republicans
New Mexico State University faculty
People from Alamosa County, Colorado
State political party chairs of New Mexico
United States Assistant Secretaries of the Interior
United States Department of Agriculture officials
White House Fellows | 588,072,265 | 2013-12-28T14:34:38 | Garrey Carruthers | 2,013 |
34,425,672 | == January 2012 ==
Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Although everyone is welcome to contribute to Wikipedia, at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to Inuit, did not appear to be constructive and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and read the welcome page to learn more about contributing constructively to this encyclopedia. Thank you. Charles (talk)
If this is a shared IP address, and you didn't make the edit, consider creating an account for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant notices. | 472,142,794 | 2012-01-19T22:48:03 | 216.145.98.35 | 2,013 |
34,425,673 | == Welcome ==
{| width="100%" style="background:transparent"
{| width="100%" style="background-color:#99CC00"
|style="width: 50%; border:1px solid #084080; background-color:#99CC00; vertical-align:top"|
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#FFF5F5"
| Hi, , and Welcome to Wikipedia!
Please remember to sign your name on talk pages by clicking or or by typing four tildes (~~~~); this will automatically produce your username and the date. Also, please do your best to always fill in the edit summary field. Below are some useful links to facilitate your involvement on Wikipedia. Thank You.Mtking
Happy editing! Mtking (edits)
|}
{| width="100%" style="background-color:#F5FFFA"
|style="width: 50%; border:0; background-color:#F5FFFA; vertical-align:top"|
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#F5FFFA;"
|-
! Getting started
|-
|style="color:#000"|
Introduction
The five pillars of Wikipedia
Editing a page
The Intuitive guide to Wikipedia
|-
! Finding your way around
|-
| style="color:#000"|
Table of contents
Department directory
|-
! Editing articles (your way)
|-
| style="color:#000"|
Developing an article
The Manual of Style
|-
|}
|style="width: 50%; border:0; background-color:#F5FFFA; vertical-align:top"|
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" style="vertical-align:top; background-color:#F5FFFA"
! Getting help
|-
|style="color:#000"|
Frequently asked questions
Wikipedia's Cheatsheet
Where to ask a question
Help pages
New contributors' help page
Article Wizard – a Wizard to help you create articles
|-
! How you can help Wikipedia
|-
|style="color:#000"|
Contribute to Wikipedia
Be active at the Community Portal
Follow the Wikipedia etiquette
Practice civility
|-
|}
|}
|}
|} | 472,142,801 | 2012-01-19T22:48:04 | Blackbridge2 | 2,013 |
5,199,122 | The Haldimand Board of Education is the former name of the Haldimand County Board of Education created in 1969 by the almalgamation of the West Haldimand Board and Dunnville Board of Education. In 1974 with the creation of the Regional Municipality of Haldimand Norfolk the board's name was changed to the Haldimand Board of Education. In 1997 "The Fewer School Boards Act" (written by the NDP in 1996 but introduced to the Legislative Assembly by the Mike Harris Tories) almagamated the Haldimand, Norfolk and Brant County boards of education into the Haldimand Norfolk Brant District School Board 23, later changed to Grand Erie District School Board. In the past, high schools from this school board would have rivalries with s from the former Norfolk Board of Education. Even though the two counties share the same school board now, the winner of each county championship would face off against each other in a Haldimand-Norfolk Bowl championship. The main office was located in Cayuga, Ontario, Canada first in the former Haldimand County then Town of Halimand Offices and lastly in a newly constructed (1991)Haldimand Board Office in Cayuga, next to the existng Cayuga Secondary School site. It was disestablished in 1997 due to cutbacks in education that resulted in the centralization of government institutions.
==External links==
Canada/Ontario Infrastructure Works
Education in Haldimand County
Educational institutions disestablished in 1996
Former school districts in Ontario | 568,938,045 | 2013-08-17T14:46:44 | Haldimand Board of Education | 2,013 |
6,524,813 | == Ron Saxton ==
I noticed you have removed a link in the Ron Saxton article a few times. Please do not remove this link again. Having a link to sites critical of the person the article is about is permitted on Wikipedia. If you have a genuine issue with this, then please use the talk page instead of reverting it. Davidpdx | 70,284,783 | 2006-08-17T19:43:46 | 67.42.209.227 | 2,013 |
34,425,674 | Point Beach Ridges is a topography of alternating ridges and swales in Manitowoc County, Wisconsin. The area is located within Point Beach State Forest. It was designated a Wisconsin State Natural Area in 1971 and a National Natural Landmark in 1980.
==References==
Protected areas of Manitowoc County, Wisconsin
National Natural Landmarks in Wisconsin | 561,441,088 | 2013-06-25T00:37:54 | Point Beach Ridges | 2,013 |
5,199,126 | Thank you for experimenting with the page English suffixes on Wikipedia. Your test worked, and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any other tests you want to do. Take a look at the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia. A link to the edit I have reverted can be found here: link. If you believe this edit should not have been reverted, please contact me. Nrbelex (talk) | 53,937,322 | 2006-05-18T22:47:44 | 69.177.128.90 | 2,013 |
5,199,136 | The discussion seemed to indicate that Old World warblers should be merged to here, so I've done that and put all the birds into their genera. Spottedowl | 53,937,438 | 2006-05-18T22:48:34 | Sylviidae | 2,013 |
5,199,141 | Canadian Case Files was a 2005 Canadian television series about the investigation of unsolved crimes in Canada. It was hosted by Art Hindle.
==External links==
Canadian documentary television series
Global Television Network shows
PBS network shows | 503,224,630 | 2012-07-20T04:05:52 | Canadian Case Files | 2,013 |
5,199,146 | South Africa
Theatre in South Africa
Buildings and structures in South Africa
Visitor attractions in South Africa | 548,836,199 | 2013-04-05T13:55:27 | Theatres in South Africa | 2,013 |
34,425,688 | This page provides documentation for templates in British Columbia user templates.
This template is compatible with the following userbox templates:
User Canada
User citizen Canada
User from Canada
User in Canada
User interest Canada
User WikiProject Canada
User WP Canada
View related userboxes at:
Userboxes/Gallery
Documentation shared content templates | 514,523,676 | 2012-09-25T18:18:51 | User British Columbia/doc1 | 2,013 |
34,425,689 | 579,157,954 | 2013-10-28T20:04:13 | Mugellese | 2,013 |
|
34,425,690 | == January 2012 ==
Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Although everyone is welcome to contribute to Wikipedia, at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to Hot chocolate, did not appear to be constructive and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and read the welcome page to learn more about contributing constructively to this encyclopedia. Thank you. J36miles (talk)
If this is a shared IP address, and you didn't make the edit, consider creating an account for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant notices. | 472,143,152 | 2012-01-19T22:50:26 | 92.21.145.134 | 2,013 |
34,425,692 | Cui Rong (, 653-706) was a poet during the era of the Tang Dynasty, which includes the short-lived dynasty of Wu Zetian. His poetry style was typical of Tang poetry. He is famous for editing an anthology of poetry of the court of Wu Zetian: a work known as the Collection of Precious Glories (Zhuying ji), which contained poems by himself, Li Jiao (644-713), Zhang Yue (677-731), and others. The original work was long thought to be completely lost, however fragments constituting about one-fifth of the original were found among the manuscripts found at Dunhuang, with fifty-five poems by thirteen men. One notable feature of this anthology is that Cui Rong arranged the work in descending order of official rank of the included poets; which, among other things, highlights the nature of early Tang poetry as a type of court poetry.
==See also==
Classical Chinese poetry
Li Jiao
Princess Taiping
Tang poetry
Wang Fangqing
Wu Zetian
Xue Yuanchao
Zhang Yue
Zhuying ji
==Notes==
==References==
Yu, Pauline (2002). "Chinese Poetry and Its Institutions", in Hsiang Lectures on Chinese Poetry, Volume 2, Grace S. Fong, editor. Montreal: Center for East Asian Research, McGill University.
Chinese poetry anthologists
Tang Dynasty poetry
Poetry collections
653 births
706 deaths | 578,366,998 | 2013-10-23T05:37:28 | Cui Rong | 2,013 |
34,425,693 | 553,538,909 | 2013-05-04T20:57:43 | Kenny Dawson | 2,013 |
|
5,199,148 | The Bank of Liverpool was a financial institution founded in 1831 in Liverpool, England.
==History==
In 1918, it acquired Martins Bank, and the name of the merged bank became the Bank of Liverpool and Martins Ltd. However, the name was shortened to Martins Bank Ltd in 1928.
The successor bank was bought by Barclays Bank Ltd in 1969, when all of its seven hundred branches became branches of Barclays.
===Formation===
By the time that the Bank of Liverpool was formed, the city already possessed seven private banks, the most prominent of which, Arthur Heywood, had been in existence since 1773. However, in 1826 a new Act of Parliament limited the Bank of England’s monopoly of joint stock banking to within 65 miles of London and allowed the creation of new joint stock banks in the provinces. The first of the new joint stock banks to open an office in Liverpool (in 1829) was the Manchester and Liverpool District Bank, regarded as a “needless humiliation” by the local merchants. Encouraged by William Brown, the Bank of Liverpool was formed in 1831 and was the first joint stock bank to have its head office in Liverpool. As a footnote, Thomas suggested that the first joint stock bank to be “registered” was “apparently” the Bank of Liverpool in 1826, although there is no mention of this in Chandler.
===Early History===
The early shareholders included many prominent Liverpool names including Bibby, Booth, Hornby and Rathbone. William Brown was the first chairman and Joseph Langton the general manager. After opening in temporary premises, the Bank purchased the Talbot Inn in Water Street and moved into the converted building in 1832; the Bank stayed in Water Street for the remainder of its independent existence. William Brown’s own American firm, William and James Brown, hit temporary financing difficulties in 1837 and the Bank and Arthur Heywood together provided guarantees and were instrumental in obtaining Bank of England support for Brown.
Much of the Bank’s business was connected to Liverpool’s trade with North America, particularly cotton, and as early as 1837 it was opening accounts with North American banks. Chandler stressed the prudent policy of the directors and it did enable the Bank to weather the frequent financial crises. In particular it remained profitable in 1847 when the similar sounding Royal Bank of Liverpool failed, also during the American Civil War which disrupted the cotton trade, and the collapse in 1866 of Overend, Gurney and Company. It was the Bank’s prudential approach which made it reluctant to assume the protection of limited liability as “unlimited liability encouraged the directors to exercise every care.” Eventually, in 1882, the Bank became a limited company.
===Expansion in Liverpool===
After assuming limited liability, the Bank became more expansive. It first consolidated its position as the premier Liverpool bank by acquiring Arthur Heywood, Sons and Company in 1883. Heywood was about one fifth the size of the Bank of Liverpool but of much longer history. Arthur and Benjamin Heywood were merchant traders, becoming “experienced in the African trade, engaged to some extent in privateering and had their Letters of Marque”. Heywoods became one of the merchants to whom funds could be trusted and in 1773 they became bankers as well as merchants. Arthur Heywood, Sons (Benjamin had left to start a bank in Manchester) became one of the leading private banks in Liverpool and its accounts were to include the Corporation of Liverpool, the Mersey Docks and Harbour Board, and the Liverpool Cathedral.
It was only in 1881 that the Bank had opened its first branch, in Victoria Street but following the Heywood acquisition the Bank opened a further nine branches within a two year period. In 1888 the Bank took over the Liverpool business of Brown, Shipley & Co. when the latter moved its headquarters to London. The following year it acquired the Liverpool Commercial Banking Company, a bank founded in 1832, and at the time of its acquisition, a little smaller than Heywood.
===Creation of a regional bank===
Once the Bank had established itself as the leading bank in Liverpool, it began a series of acquisitions that was to take it into the regions, before eventually establishing a London presence in 1918 with the acquisition of Martins Bank. Each of the acquired banks was itself the product of its own local amalgamations.
1893 The Kendal Bank. Two Kendal banks were formed in 1788, namely Wakefield's Bank and Joseph Maude's Kendal Bank (with Christopher Wilson and Thomas Crewdson), which amalgamated in 1840, later acquiring other local banks. By 1893 the Kendal Bank had 11 full branches and 15 sub-branches in Westmoreland and Cumberland.
1906 The Craven Bank was founded in the Craven district of Yorkshire in 1791 by long-standing local families. At the time of its acquisition its head office was at Skipton and there were 14 branches, taking the Bank of Liverpool’s total to 71.
1911 The Carlisle and Cumberland Bank was formed in 1836, Carlisle being “entirely destitute of a native joint stock bank establishment”. By the turn of the century it was having difficulty competing with the larger banks and sought a merger.
1914-18 The North Eastern Banking Company was, east of the Pennines, the equivalent of Bank of Liverpool to the west. North Eastern was a later creation, the prospectus for the joint stock bank being issued in 1872. The two principal offices were in Newcastle upon Tyne and Middlesbrough; the leading shareholder Sir Andrew Noble; managing director Benjamin Noble; and Glyn’s Bank supplied the company secretary. Branch opening was immediately accelerated by the purchase of the Alnwick and County Bank in 1875 taking the total number of branches to 24. The second and last bank to be acquired by the North Eastern was Dale, Young and Company in 1892. Dale and Company had been founded by John Brodrick Dale, already an experienced banker, in 1858 and he remained senior partner until his Bank’s acquisition. Succession issues at the North Eastern led to its management approaching the Bank of Liverpool with a view to merging. The choices for both banks were either to join up with a London bank or to merge, creating a bank strong enough to move into London in its own right. In 1914 the two banks agreed the merger (although, in practice, it was a takeover by Liverpool) and formed the largest English bank with its head office outside London; the North Eastern, headquartered in Newcastle, brought with it 72 branches and 27 sub-branches. Although the merger was agreed in 1914, the onset of war meant it was not effected until 1918.
===The Move to London===
The next stage in the Bank’s development was to seek a London presence and, in particular, to gain a seat in the London Clearing House. Unsuccessful overtures were made to both Glyn’s (the Bank’s London agent), and to Cocks, Biddulph. However, the Bank’s Chairman “was successful in persuading the chairman…of Martins Bank to agree to amalgamation and to accept the primacy of the Bank of Liverpool”. Martins in turn recognised its need to expand into the provinces and the acquisition of Martins duly too place in 1918. Although Martins was much smaller than the Bank of Liverpool, the goodwill of its name and its seat on the Clearing House, meant that it was the only one of Liverpool’s acquisition to preserve its name; the enlarged entity was called the Bank of Liverpool and Martins and when the name was eventually shortened in 1928, it was to just Martins Bank. The increased standing possessed by the Bank of Liverpool following its entry into the clearing house system then persuaded the private West End firm of Cocks, Biddulph to agree to its acquisition. By 1919, the Bank of Liverpool had become a national bank but one still based in the provinces.
===Bank of Liverpool and Martins===
Fresh from its acquisition of Martins and Cocks, Biddulph in London, the Bank sought to consolidate its position in the north of England. The purchase of the Palatine Bank in 1919 was the first example of a Liverpool bank buying a Manchester one and gave the Bank a presence in Manchester for the first time. The Palatine had only been established in 1899, in response to Manchester businessmen objecting to local banks falling under the control of London institutions.
The following year the Bank bought Halifax Commercial Banking, a regional Yorkshire bank with roots back to the 1790s. It was constituted as a joint stock bank in 1836 under the Halifax Commercial name, its immediate predecessor having been Rawdon Briggs and Sons. On its acquisition by Bank of Liverpool it had 17 branches.
In 1928 The Bank of Liverpool and Martins made its largest regional acquisition, the Lancashire & Yorkshire Bank. In 1863 the newly formed Alliance Bank of London had opened two branches, in Liverpool and Manchester; nine years later the failure of the Alliance led to the disposal of the branches. The Manchester manager, John Mills, obtained local support and a new company, the ambitiously-named Lancashire and Yorkshire Bank was formed in 1872 and took over the business of the Alliance’s Manchester office. The Lancashire and Yorkshire steadily built up a branch network before embarking in 1888 on the first of its many acquisitions – Bury Banking, followed by the Preston Union Bank (1893), Liverpool’s Adelphi Bank (1899), West Riding Union Banking (1902) and Mercantile Bank of Lancashire (1904). The Bank brought with it 151 offices and deposits of £23m against Liverpool’s £63m. One of the conditions was that if Lancashire & Yorkshire was to lose its identity, then Liverpool should lose its, hence the shortening of the name to Martins Bank.
===Post 1928 - Martins Bank===
Now operating under the shortened Martins name, the Bank completed building the new London office in 1930 and the new Liverpool head office in 1932. New branches were regularly opened in the south of the country to complement the extensive network in the north. The period of acquisitions was over for Martins, the only exceptions being those of the British Mutual Bank in 1951 and Lewis’s Bank in 1958. Otherwise, the Bank continued to expand organically with 62 new branches being opened between 1945 and 1957.
Finally Martins, the last remaining independent regional bank, itself succumbed to acquisition. A proposed three-way merger between Barclays, Lloyds Bank and Martins was rejected by the Monopolies Commission but no objection was raised to Martins being acquired by Barclays alone. In 1969 the Liverpool-based bank duly lost its independence to Barclays.
==References==
See Also Martins Bank Archive
History of Liverpool
Defunct banks of the United Kingdom
Defunct companies based in Liverpool
Banks established in 1831
Banks disestablished in 1969
1831 establishments in England | 583,146,689 | 2013-11-24T21:37:20 | Bank of Liverpool | 2,013 |
34,425,695 | ==Dude, that other stuff was random==
i know tai-chi!!!!!!!!!
may i do the jinglebell dance | 472,162,736 | 2012-01-20T01:07:15 | 72.183.199.118 | 2,013 |
6,524,830 | The Piaroa–Saliban or Saliba–Piaroan languages, also known as Saliban (Salivan), is a small proposed language family of the middle Orinoco Basin, which forms an independent island within an area of Venezuela and Colombia (northern llanos) dominated by peoples of Carib and Arawakan affiliation.
==Family division==
A connection between the two primary divisions, Piaroan and Sáliba, is widely assumed but has not been demonstrated. In addition, Hotï is "probably" related.Zent S & E Zent. 2008. Los Hoti, in Aborigenes de Venezuela, vol. 2, second edition language|Saliba] is a possible language isolate; if related to Piaroa, the connection is a distant one. Piaroan is a language or dialect cluster, consisting of Piaroa itself, Wirö (or "Maco"), and the extinct Ature. The Piaroa and Wirö both consider their languages to be distinct: they can understand each other, but not reliably. Hotï was little known until recently and remains unclassified in most accounts.
== References ==
==External links==
Sáliba wordlist in Spanish & English with sound
PROEL: Familia Piaroa–Saliva
==Bibliography==
Kaufman, Terrence. (1990). Language history in South America: What we know and how to know more. In D. L. Payne (Ed.), Amazonian linguistics: Studies in lowland South American languages (pp. 13–67). Austin: University of Texas Press. ISBN 0-292-70414-3.
Kaufman, Terrence. (1994). The native languages of South America. In C. Mosley & R. E. Asher (Eds.), Atlas of the world's languages (pp. 46–76). London: Routledge. | 575,353,875 | 2013-10-01T22:37:28 | Piaroa–Saliban languages | 2,013 |
34,425,697 | Georges Ville (23 March 1824 – 22 February 1897) was a French agronomist and plant physiologist born in Pont-Saint-Esprit.
In 1843 he started his career as an interne in pharmacy. From 1857 to 1897 he held the chair of Physique végétale at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle in Paris.
He is known for his research involving the absorption of nitrogen by plants. In 1849-1852 he carried out experiments on nitrogen absorption from the air by plants that reasserted 18th century theories espoused by Joseph Priestley and Jan Ingenhousz, stating that plants were capable of absorbing free nitrogen, a claim that was later opposed by Nicolas-Théodore de Saussure in 1804 and backed up by the experiments of Jean Senebier (1742-1809). The subject garnered enough interest in the scientific community that the French Academy of Sciences formed a committee to investigate Ville's work, resulting in a confirmation of his experiments on the matter.
He performed extensive pioneer studies on chemical fertilizers, largely carried out on his "experimental farm" (Ferme Georges-Ville) that was founded in 1860 at Vincennes.
== Selected writings ==
Se servir de la végétation pour pénétrer et définir l’état moléculaire des corps. Analyser la terre végétale par des essais raisonnés de culture — É. Giraud (1863)
La Production végétale, conférences agricoles faites au champ d’expériences de Vincennes dans la saison de 1864, Librairie agricole de la Maison rustique. (Crop production, agricultural lectures made in field experiments at Vincennes in the season of 1864)
Assimilation par les végétaux de leurs éléments constitutifs. Champ d’expériences de Vincennes — Entretiens agricoles. La revue des cours scientifiques de la France et de l’étranger 18 janvier 1868
Premier aperçu sur les résultats de la campagne de 1868 au moyen des engrais chimiques — Librairie de la Maison rustique (1869)
L’école des engrais chimiques, premières notions de l’emploi des agents de fertilité, Impr. impériale (1869)
L’Analyse de la terre par les plantes — Impr. nationale (1894)
Recherches expérimentales sur la végétation, par Georges Ville. Dosage de l’ammoniaque de l’air, absorption de l’azote de l’air par les plantes, Third edition. Préface de Stanislas Meunier— Gauthier-Villars et fils (1897)
"Chemical manures. Agricultural lectures delivered at the experimental farm at Vincennes, in the year 1867". By George Ville. Translated by E.L. Howard
"The school of chemical manures; or, Elementary principles in the use of fertilizing agents". From the French of M. Georges Ville, by A. A. Fesquet.
== References ==
Georges Ville (1824-1897) - Gloubik Sciences list of publications
Catalogue général de la librairie française: 1840-1865 (biography in French)
French agronomists
People from Pont-Saint-Esprit
1824 births
1897 deaths
Plant physiologists | 549,756,902 | 2013-04-10T22:48:23 | Georges Ville | 2,013 |
8,072,413 | Zlatko Junuzović (born 26 September 1987) is an Austrian footballer playing for SV Werder Bremen and the Austrian national team. He is of Bosniak origin.
==Early life==
Junuzović moved with his parents to Austria when he was five years old. Before his 12th birthday, they went on to Graz, where he soon played for the youth teams of GAK. Junuzović became an Austrian citizen as youth.
==Club career==
Being 17 years old, he played first time for GAK in the Bundesliga in spring 2005. In 2006 he was called to play for the ÖFB-Team and he had been a regular starter for GAK. In summer 2007 he moved to SK Austria Kärnten. In summer 2009, Junuzović moved to Austrian giants FK Austria Wien.
In 2010, Junuzović was awarded two awards for his performances with Austria Wien and the national team: the managers of the Austrian Bundesliga voted him the 'Austrian Player of the Year' and the country's supporters voted him 'Player of the Year' in the annual award awarded by the Kronen Zeitung.
In January 2012, Junuzović signed with the German Bundesliga club SV Werder Bremen. His contract runs until 30 June 2015.
==International career==
Junuzović played for Austria at the 2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup where they claimed fourth place. He made his debut for the senior team in a March 2006 friendly match against Canada.
===International goals===
Scores and goals list Austria's goal tally first.
==References==
== External links ==
Profile and Statistics at Guardian's Stats Centre
1987 births
Living people
People from Loznica
Austrian footballers
Austria international footballers
Austrian expatriate footballers
Grazer AK players
FC Kärnten players
SV Werder Bremen players
Austrian Football Bundesliga players
Bundesliga players
Expatriate footballers in Germany
Bosnia and Herzegovina emigrants to Austria
Naturalised citizens of Austria
Austrian people of Bosnia and Herzegovina descent | 586,657,504 | 2013-12-18T16:25:11 | Zlatko Junuzović | 2,013 |
34,425,699 | ==January 2012==
Hi. Welcome to Wikipedia. Regarding your edits to Taylor Dayne, please do not remove content from Wikipedia articles without providing a rationale for this in an edit summary, or insert informal, comments that constitute your personal opinion. When removing material, editors are required to specify a reason in the edit summary and discuss edits that are likely to be controversial on the article's talk page. Expressing personal opinions is not permitted by the site's Neutrality policy. Thank you. Nightscream (talk) | 472,143,403 | 2012-01-19T22:52:02 | 69.231.36.196 | 2,013 |
34,425,700 | == January 2012 ==
Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Although everyone is welcome to contribute to Wikipedia, at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to ACF Fiorentina, did not appear to be constructive and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and read the welcome page to learn more about contributing constructively to this encyclopedia. The reverted edit can be found . Edinburgh Wanderer
Please refrain from making unconstructive edits to Wikipedia, as you did at ACF Fiorentina. Your edits appear to constitute vandalism and have been reverted or removed. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. The reverted edit can be found . Edinburgh Wanderer | 472,143,626 | 2012-01-19T22:53:26 | 24.34.20.86 | 2,013 |
34,425,701 | The Clyde Valley Woodlands National Nature Reserve is a nature reserve made up of six separate sites in the Clyde Valley region of South Lanarkshire, Scotland. Those sites are Cartland Craigs (known locally as Cartland Crags), Chatelherault, Cleghorn Glen, Falls of Clyde, Mauldslie Woods and Lower Nethan Gorge.
Five of the six sites, located in and around the towns of Lanark, Lesmahagow and Hamilton, are designated Sites of Special Scientific Interest because of the abundance of native woodland found within them, as well as other rare flora. Mauldslie Woods near Carluke has been described as an experimental addition to the National Nature Reserve and has no other official designation. Some endangered species also exist within the sites. The most prime example is the Falls of Clyde, in which there are endangered peregrine falcons and rare tundra plant life that has survived on a cliff face since the last Ice Age.
==History==
The reserve's history began 10,000 years ago when melting glaciers began eroding the red sandstone in the area, forming the valleys and gorges that make up the reserve.
==Sites==
Six sites make up the Clyde Valley Woodlands National Nature Reserve.
===Cartland Craigs===
Cartland Craigs is a site of special scientific interest on the outskirts of Lanark and the village of Cartland. It is owned wholly by Scottish Natural Heritage. It is home to several rare species of animal, including roe deer, badgers and red squirrel, as well as the remains of Castle Qua, a medieval structure.
Mouse Water, a tributary of the River Clyde, runs through the site.
===Chatelherault===
===Cleghorn Glen===
===Falls of Clyde===
The Falls of Clyde are a collection of four waterfalls along the river Clyde, near the villages of New Lanark and Stonebyres. However, only the three falls near New Lanark (Bonnington Linn, Corra Linn and Dundaff Linn) are included in the Falls of Clyde site of special scientific interest, with the other, Stonebyres Linn, being approximately 2 miles further downstream.
Scottish Wildlife Trust, a charitable organisation, manages the Falls of Clyde site, focusing on the preservation of the endangered or protected wildlife on the grounds, such as peregrine falcons, roe deer and badgers. As well as this fauna, there is a great deal of interesting, protected and rare plant life to be found within the Falls of Clyde. For example, there are fields of heather, rowan, bluebells and the slopes of the natural amphitheatre beneath Corra Linn are home to a rare tundra plant life which has survived since the last ice age. There also exists a large variety of native woodland on the site. Much of Scotland's native woodland has been destroyed or replaced with exotic trees by human activity.
Within the Falls of Clyde there is an abundance of architecture, including Bonnington Pavilion, an 18th-century house of mirrors, an iron footbridge and the 15th-century Corra Castle, all of which are in ruins.
===Mauldslie Woods===
===Nethan Gorge===
==References==
Protected areas of South Lanarkshire | 553,490,225 | 2013-05-04T14:08:19 | Clyde Valley Woodlands National Nature Reserve | 2,013 |
4,690,967 | St Birinus School is a secondary school with academy status for boys in Didcot, Oxfordshire, England and the surrounding rural area. The headteacher is Mr Alwyn Richards. The school has been awarded with Technology and Language College statuses as of 2006. The school takes boys from the age of 11 and they leave with not only great results but are ready for further study in the sixth form or work. The mixed Sixth Form is shared with the Didcot Girls' School. The most recent OFSTED inspection was in 2011 and was very happy with the standard of teaching and judged child development as 'outstanding'. The school was given 'good' and are now working towards outstanding.
Facilities are at the heart of learning at St Birinus, and with constant updating. Boys here have all the latest advances to enhance their learning. In 2001, the new Mathematics centre was opened by Johnny Ball. In the spring of 2004 the new Humanities Centre with the History and Food block was opened. The most recent was the new Science Centre, costing £4.8 million and was opened on the 11th March 2009. It is the best science centre in Oxfordshire and one of the best in the United Kingdom. It was officially opened by BBC nature presenter George McGavin on the 14th October 2009.
The school has 4 houses: Athenian, Corinthian, Spartan and Trojan. They provide a sense of pride and competitiveness in the school and are a focal point of everyday life at St Birinus. The houses compete in a variety of sports including Rugby, Football, Cricket, Basketball and Athletics. There are also a range of non-sporting events so everyone can take part. A new addition to the houses are house points awarded for Hard Work, Dedication, Commitment, Respect and Achievement, all crucial aspects which underpin life here at St Birinus.
==History==
St Birinus opened in 1936 where it was previously known as 'Didcot Boys', later the school would be known as St Birinus taking its name from Saint Birinus who was the first Bishop of Dorchester. The actual school site has been built around the still existing English block. In 2006, the school celebrated its 70th Anniversary. The school has changed a lot over the past near 80 years, its continual improvement has meant for a popular uptake from not only Didcot but also the surrounding villages and towns.
St Birinus has a wide history for sport collecting many, many awards. Its sporting excellence has encouraged more and more to take up sport, training with some of the best teachers to ensure their success. Not only sporting, but some great academic awards and achievements also. The school has updated a vast range of facilities including the Science Centre, Mathematics Block, Humanities Centre, History and Food Block with many other things including a new multi million pound investment in technology from the summer of 2013.
==Exam Results==
The school can deservedly congratulate themselves for their hard work and commitment with both teachers and students of St Birinus. They are always improving and striving for better and better results. Comparison of results below.
5 GCSE's graded A*-C (a pass)
2009 - 47%
2010 - 59%
2011 - 61%
2012 - 59%
2013 - 64%
==Charity work==
St. Birinus is also very supportive to many worthwhile charities and organisations, and raises money heavily every year throughout each term. During the 2005-2006 academic year the pupils in year 7 have taken part in many fund raising activities including cake sales, work outs and sponsored silences. For the past six years (2003–2008), St. Birinus School has committed itself to raising over £11,094 for the Oxford Children's Hospital, a £15m charity fund raising campaign with the school's efforts spearheaded by former student & sixth former, Andrew Baker who inspired everyone to get involved and coordinated activities. It has also been promoted in the media as a result making St. Birinus a well-known school to prospective and current parents.
Events to celebrate the schools 70th milestone included a whole school sponsored walk which raised £11,461 for the Oxford Children's Hospital Appeal and its link school in The Gambia, West Africa.
As a result of being a major supporter for the Children's Hospital, St Birinus School has been recognised for its contribution having its name engraved with Andrew Baker on a plaque of recognition which sits inside the children's hospital atrium. Young supporter Andrew Baker represented the efforts of the school at the official opening ceremony of The Children's Hospital (CHOx) in November 2008 when Her Majesty The Queen and Duke of Edinburgh commemorated with the unveiling of a plaque in front of a small group of supporters, patients and staff.
One certain tutor group, tutored by Mr Smith (PE), has raised a substantial amount of money for charity over the past few years, with the total amounting to over £1,500. the tutor group took part in a sports program called 'Gold Challenge' and the aim was to run, walk or cycle 2,012 before the London Olympics. In the 2012/13 year, they did a fundraising competition and the form was separated into 4 groups.
==Notable Pupils==
Matt Richardson - Comedian and Co-Host of The Xtra Factor
Ben Watson - Weightlifter
Antony Hanson - West-End actor and contestant on Any Dream Will Do
==References==
==External links==
School website
DfES Performance Tables
Boys' schools in Oxfordshire
Secondary schools in Oxfordshire
Educational institutions established in 1936
1936 establishments in England
Academies in Oxfordshire | 588,310,744 | 2013-12-30T03:45:16 | St Birinus School | 2,013 |
5,199,151 | The Columbia River Washington Temple is the 107th operating temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).
The Columbia River Washington Temple, located in Richland, is the third temple in the state of Washington, following the Seattle Washington and Spokane Washington temples. Church membership in Washington has grown from 67,000 members in 1970 to nearly 230,000 in 2001. Because of the tremendous growth church leaders felt another temple should be built within the state. The Columbia River Temple serves 32,000 members in eastern Washington and northern Oregon.
Some parts of the temple foundation includes 2-inch river rock used as fill in concrete forms. During construction of the temple, people were allowed access to open bins of this river rock at the edge of the construction site. Many people wrote names of children, loved ones, etc. on the rocks that were later incorporated into the building itself.
The temple was announced in April 2000 and groundbreaking ceremonies followed that same year. Stephen A. West, a member of the Second Quorum of the Seventy, who himself served as a missionary in the area many years before, presided at the groundbreaking ceremony.
Before the temple was dedicated it was opened to the public. Nearly 65,000 people visited the temple during the open house period. LDS Church president Gordon B. Hinckley dedicated the Columbia River Washington Temple on November 18, 2001. Allan D. Alder and his wife, Roma, of Hermiston, Oregon were the first temple president and matron (2001–2004).
The Columbia River Washington Temple has a total of , two ordinance rooms, and two sealing rooms.
== See also ==
Comparison of temples of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
List of temples of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
List of temples of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by geographic region
Temple architecture (Latter-day Saints)
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Washington
== References ==
== External links ==
Official LDS Columbia River Washington Temple page
Columbia River Washington Temple page
21st-century Latter Day Saint temples
Buildings and structures in Benton County, Washington
Latter Day Saint movement in Washington (state)
Places of worship in Washington (state)
Religious buildings completed in 2001
Richland, Washington
Temples of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in the United States
2001 establishments in Washington (state) | 587,204,174 | 2013-12-22T08:46:14 | Columbia River Washington Temple | 2,013 |
8,072,416 | Jauja Province is a Peruvian province. It is one of the nine provinces that forms the Junín Region. To the north it borders with the provinces of Yauli, Tarma and Chanchamayo; to the east with the Province of Satipo, to the south with the Province of Concepción and to the west with the Region of Lima. Before the arrival of the Spaniards the province was called Hatun Xauxa and was the main center of the nation Hatunwanka Xauxa, that consisted of Tawantinsuyu after the expansion of the Pachacútec Inca.
== Political division ==
The Province of Jauja is divided into 34 districts:
Acolla (Acolla)
Apata (Apata)
Ataura (Ataura)
Canchayllo (Canchayllo)
Curicaca (El Rosario)
El Mantaro (Pucucho)
Huamalí (Huamalí)
Huaripampa (Huaripampa)
Huertas (Huertas)
Janjaillo (Janjaillo)
Jauja (Jauja)
Julcán (Julcán)
Leonor Ordóñez (Huancani)
Llocllapampa (Llocllapampa)
Marco (Marco)
Masma (Masma)
Masma Chicche (Masma Chicche)
Molinos (Molinos)
Monobamba (Monobamba)
Muqui (Muqui)
Muquiyauyo (Muquiyauyo)
Paca (Paca)
Paccha (Paccha)
Pancán (Pancán)
Parco (Parco)
Pomacancha (Pomacancha)
Ricran (Ricran)
San Lorenzo (San Lorenzo)
San Pedro de Chunan (San Pedro de Chunan)
Sausa (Sausa)
Sincos (Sincos)
Tunan Marca (Concho)
Yauli (Yauli)
Yauyos (Yauyos)
== Capital ==
The capital of the Jauja Province is the city of Jauja. The city was founded by Francisco Pizarro as the first capital of Peru.
== Places of interest==
Nor Yauyos-Cochas Landscape Reserve
Paryaqaqa mountain range
Tunanmarka
== See also ==
Jauja
Junín Region
Peru
Inca
Lima
== External links ==
Information on Jauja
Pictures and Information on Jauja | 553,773,067 | 2013-05-06T12:56:43 | Jauja Province | 2,013 |
5,199,152 | ==Your edit to Natalie Grant==
Your recent edit to Natalie Grant was reverted by an automated bot that attempts to recognize and repair vandalism to Wikipedia articles. If the bot reverted a legitimate edit, please accept my humble creator's apologies – if you bring it to the attention of the bot's owner, we may be able to improve its behavior. Click here for frequently asked questions about the bot and this warning. // Tawkerbot2 | 53,937,673 | 2006-05-18T22:50:13 | 71.96.233.11 | 2,013 |
34,425,703 | == January 2012 ==
Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Although everyone is welcome to contribute to Wikipedia, at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to Catacombs, did not appear to be constructive and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and read the welcome page to learn more about contributing constructively to this encyclopedia. The reverted edit can be found . Edinburgh Wanderer | 472,143,439 | 2012-01-19T22:52:13 | 74.76.220.185 | 2,013 |
4,690,972 | Academy for Jewish Religion may refer to:
Academy for Jewish Religion (California)
Academy for Jewish Religion (New York) | 486,939,983 | 2012-04-12T03:30:30 | Academy for Jewish Religion | 2,013 |
5,199,158 | ==Untitled==
Here are some better pictures of a mole cricket, we could consider replacing the current ones with these.
http://lebowski.ws/bug1.jpg
http://lebowski.ws/bug2.jpg
http://lebowski.ws/bug3.jpg
Just to be clear this is not my hosting, so be gentle.
Does someone know how to fix the photo in the taxobox?Dyanega
Done :) Also, I noticed that you changed the link from Insect to Insecta, while the link was changed to the true name, it's best to keep the link changed to the actual page as to avoid redirects. If the target page gets moved, it would end in a double redirect which does not go all the way through. I also removed the excessive amount of taxons, revert that if you really think it's necessary
Hmm, it looks a lot like an earwig. Related?
Fascinating shit- seriously i never knew they existed before today. Kotare
In deed fascinating! Does anybody know if any existing pictures of this insect in flight? The notion that this thing can fly is simply mind-boggling! Lowcrust
Only anecdotal, down in florida I saw one in the driveway one night, after freaking out I tried to catch in and it flew away. Not the most agile of flyiers, but still more than enough to escape from me!
The last two sentences (Nintendo reference and "turning pink") seem inappropriate for this kind of article. I'd like to remove them Wefa
nice. somebody did this, 3 days later... Wefa
In Mexico, there is something they call Baby Face oh Cara del Nino.... It resembles a Mole Cricket but has a much rounder, almost humanlike face. Public opinion is mixed on the subject in that some people say it is highly posineous.....—The preceding unsigned comment was added to Mole cricket/Comments by 201.141.147.22 (talk • contribs).
== Electrical resistance ==
I see the text about the electrical resistance of the Mole cricket was reinstated by an anonymous editor. Please do not replace this text, as it constitutes original research.
== Mole Cricket Vision ==
Interesting question: do at least some mole crickets have poor vision, like the mammalian moles?
BTW, I actually saw a mole cricket once, when I was stationed down in Texas with the Army, fascinating
little beast. Incidentally, my kudos to the user who took that shot of a mole cricket for this
article, since it was not only a beautiful shot in itself but was a very nice clean high-res
"print". MrG 4.225.212.92 (talk)
== Map ==
I'm sure we have mole crickets in South Africa, but the map does not indicate this.
You are right - being British I had never seen them before visiting South Africa - they are definitely there —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.13.83.99 (talk)
They are also found everywhere in Indonesia. There are even local names for them. I wonder, from what source the map is made. Kembangraps (talk)
I have a perfect specimen that appears to have come from my garden in Perth, Western Australia. I thought it was a sand groper, but this article set me straight. Thanks. Interestingly, the first version of the map suggests that mole crickets are found here, but the later version removes this area. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 58.7.147.141 (talk)
There are mole crickets in Thailand too. I've seen them firsthand. Matatigre36 (talk)
Down in Uruguay there are an enormous amount of crickets, I don't know which kind of crickets, but their sound is very characteristic of the region. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 77.179.11.228 (talk) | 585,786,733 | 2013-12-12T19:21:18 | Mole cricket | 2,013 |
34,425,704 | ==Early life==
Hermann Habich was born in Plättig, the Grand Duchy of Baden, the German Empire on 15 August 1895. He was a pioneer aviator, having gained his license, number 697, before the start of World War I, on 17 March 1914.
==World War I==
Habich was one of the early German military fliers, joining Feldflieger Abteilung 47 performing aerial reconnaissance as an Unteroffizier in late 1914. He then transferred to Flieger-Abteilung (Artillerie) 215 for artillery reconnaissance and ranging duties. He was awarded the Military Karl-Friedrich Merit Order by his native Baden on 5 February 1915, followed by both classes of the Iron Cross; his First Class Iron Cross was awarded 18 March 1916. In August 1916, he was promoted to Offizierstellvertreter and applied for duty in a fighter squadron. On 8 January 1918, he joined Jagdstaffel 49 in France. By this time, as a Leutnant, he was senior enough to sometimes assume command as the deputy commander. He finally scored his first air-to-air victory on 27 March 1918. By war’s end, he had destroyed five more enemy aircraft and an observation balloon.
==List of aerial victories==
See also Aerial victory standards of World War I
==Post World War I==
Habich remained in aviation after World War I, becoming a flight instructor. He returned to service in World War II, commanding a night operations unit in Russia.
==References==
Above the Lines: The Aces and Fighter Units of the German Air Service, Naval Air Service and Flanders Marine Corps, 1914-1918. Norman Franks, Frank W. Bailey, Russell Guest. Grub Street, 1993. ISBN 0-948817-73-9, ISBN 978-0-948817-73-1.
==External links==
http://riseofflight.com/forum/download/file.php?id=4129&sid=fd7671c074ada36fee52b7451b963016&mode=view is a photograph of Habich posed in front of his airplane.
http://riseofflight.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=6291 has a modeler's color recreation of Habich's Albatros
==Endnotes==
1895 births
Year of death missing
People from the Grand Duchy of Baden
German World War I flying aces
Recipients of the Military Karl-Friedrich Merit Medal | 573,883,948 | 2013-09-21T07:33:41 | Hermann Habich | 2,013 |
28,290,773 | "No Rest for the Wicked" is the third season finale of the CW television series Supernatural. It is the sixteenth episode of the third season, and is the show's sixtieth episode overall. Written by series creator Eric Kripke and directed by Kim Manners, the episode was first broadcast on May 15, 2008. The narrative follows the series' protagonists Sam (Jared Padalecki) and Dean Winchester (Jensen Ackles)—brothers who travel the continental United States hunting supernatural creatures—as they attempt to save the latter's soul from damnation. Having made a year-long demonic pact in the previous season finale, Dean has just one day left to live. The brothers must track down the demonic overlord Lilith, who holds Dean's contract. Lilith, meanwhile, is entertaining herself by possessing a young girl (Sierra McCormick) and terrorizing her family, a homage to the Twilight Zone episode "It's a Good Life".
Marking the final appearance of Katie Cassidy as the demon Ruby, the episode was originally intended to feature the return of Samantha Ferris as recurring character Ellen Harvelle. The writers initially intended that Sam would save Dean by giving into his demonic abilities, but the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike prevented the development of that storyline throughout the season. Dean is instead killed; the final scene of him in Hell was the "most complicated shot visual effects department has ever done".
The episode received high ratings for the season, and garnered generally positive reviews from critics. The decision to follow through with Dean's Hell-bound contract was praised, as were the performances of Padalecki and Ackles. General consensus was that McCormick was "creepy" as Lilith, but lacked the menace of Fredric Lehne's Azazel of the second season.
==Background==
Supernatural follows brothers Sam (Padalecki) and Dean Winchester (Ackles) as they travel the continental United States hunting supernatural creatures that pose a threat to society. At times, they are assisted by fellow "hunter" and family friend Bobby Singer (Jim Beaver). Their greatest enemies come in the form of demons, corrupted human souls that have escaped from Hell. A cloud of black smoke in their true form, they take possession of human hosts.
Twenty-two years earlier than the series' main storyline, the demonic tyrant Azazel fed his blood to Sam and other infants, to imbue them with demonic abilities. He gathers them together in the second season finale "All Hell Breaks Loose" and coerces the young adults into a fight to the death to determine a leader for his demonic army. Sam is killed by the super-strong Jake Talley, but Dean sells his own soul to a crossroads demon in exchange for Sam's resurrection, a contract that leaves Dean with only a year to live. The Winchesters, Bobby, and fellow hunter Ellen Harvelle kill Jake and Azazel, but are too late to prevent the release of hundreds of demons from Hell.
One of the freed demons is Ruby (Cassidy), a former witch who claims to oppose the demonic world. She frequently helps the brothers throughout the third season with her demon-killing knife and knowledge of witchcraft, but Dean mistrusts her manipulative nature. As the deadline approaches, the Winchesters learn that Azazel's successor, Lilith, holds the contract to Dean's deal. He now only has one day remaining before he is sent to Hell.
==Plot==
The episode begins with Dean Winchester (Ackles) being chased through a forest by a [as it mauls him, he awakens from his dream. His brother, | 553,777,478 | 2013-05-06T13:36:09 | No Rest for the Wicked (Supernatural) | 2,013 |
4,690,973 | {| cellspacing="0" style="width: 238px; background: white;"
| style="width: 45px; height: 45px; background: #002a86; text-align: center; font-size: pt;" |
| style="font-size: 8pt; color: black; padding: 4pt; line-height: 1.25em;" | This user was born and raised in upstate New York.
|}
{| cellspacing="0" style="width: 238px; background: #228B22;"
| style="width: 45px; height: 45px; background: #ffffff; text-align: center; font-size: pt; color: ;" |
| style="font-size: pt; padding: 4pt; line-height: 1.25em; color: ;" | This user reveres nature in all its forms.
|}
{| cellspacing="0" style="width: 238px; color: #EEEEEE; background: #000000;"
| style="width: 45px; height: 45px; background: #000000; text-align: center;" |
| style="font-size: 8pt; padding: 4pt; line-height: 1.25em; color: #FF0000" | This user is interested in astronomy.
|}
{| cellspacing="0" style="width: 238px; background: khaki;"
| style="width: 45px; height: 45px; background: darkorange; text-align: center; font-size: pt; color: ;" |
| style="font-size: pt; padding: 4pt; line-height: 1.25em; color: ;" | This user is interested in Norse mythology.
|}
{| cellspacing="0" style="width: 223px; background: white;"
| style="width: 45px; height: 45px; background: white; text-align: center; font-size: 12pt; color: ;" |
| style="font-size: 8pt; padding: 4pt; line-height: 1.25em; color: black;" | This user is interested in Classical mythology.
|}
{| cellspacing="0" style="width: 238px; background: #90D0D0;"
| style="width: 45px; height: 45px; background: black; text-align: center; font-size: pt; color: ;" |
| style="font-size: pt; padding: 4pt; line-height: 1.25em; color: ;" | This user is interested in Heathenism.
|}
{| cellspacing="0" style="width: 238px; background: khaki;"
| style="width: 45px; height: 45px; background: black; text-align: center; font-size: pt; color: ;" |
| style="font-size: pt; padding: 4pt; line-height: 1.25em; color: ;" | This user is interested in Asatru.
|}
{| cellspacing="0" style="width: 238px; background: white;"
| style="width: 45px; height: 45px; background: white; text-align: center; font-size: pt; color: ;" |
| style="font-size: pt; padding: 4pt; line-height: 1.25em; color: ;" | This user is interested in the Viking Age.
|}
{| cellspacing="0" style="width: 238px; background: #D0FF90;"
| style="width: 45px; height: 45px; background: black; text-align: center; font-size: pt; color: ;" |
| style="font-size: pt; padding: 4pt; line-height: 1.25em; color: ;" | This user is interested in Celtic mythology'''.
|} | 555,333,688 | 2013-05-16T07:46:35 | Cerdic | 2,013 |
6,524,843 | REDIRECT Piazza dei Miracoli | 165,731,362 | 2007-10-19T23:03:18 | Pisa Cathedral | 2,013 |
8,072,425 | ==Alumni==
Noted Alumni ?
Are you kidding? What about Rusty Galon?
How about '87 Prom king John 'Rags' Radgoski?
Please folks. These 2 are incomparable legends.
==Fair use rationale for Image:EasternVikings.jpg==
EasternVikings.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.
Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.
If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.
BetacommandBot | 261,329,808 | 2009-01-01T22:00:43 | Eastern Regional High School | 2,013 |
34,425,706 | The 2012 All Stars Match will be the third of the annual representative exhibition match played between the Indigenous All Stars and the NRL All Stars team which will be held on 4 February 2012 at the Gold Coast's Skilled Park.
==Teams==
1 - Cameron Smith was originally selected to play but withdrew due to injury. He was replaced by Aaron Payne.
2 - Tony Williams was originally selected to play but withdrew due to injury. He was replaced by Anthony Watmough.
3 - Ben Hornby was originally selected to play but withdrew due to injury. He was replaced by Nathan Fien.
==Result==
==References==
==External links==
NRL All Stars site
All Stars match
Rugby league on the Gold Coast, Queensland
Rugby league matches | 572,767,011 | 2013-09-13T15:06:48 | 2012 All Stars match | 2,013 |
8,072,426 | Thank you for experimenting with Wikipedia. Your test worked, and it has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any other tests you may want to do. Take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia. ShakingSpirittalk | 89,495,413 | 2006-11-22T18:47:28 | 71.124.59.46 | 2,013 |
34,425,707 | == Welcome ==
Welcome!
Hello, 137.151.19.15, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are some pages that you might find helpful:
The five pillars of Wikipedia
Tutorial
How to edit a page and How to develop articles
How to create your first article (using the Article Wizard if you wish)
Manual of Style
I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your messages on discussion pages using four tildes (~~~~); this will automatically insert your username and the date. If you need help, check out Questions, ask me on my talk page, or ask your question on this page and then place before the question. Again, welcome!
— Mr. Stradivarius on tour ♫
== January 2012 ==
Welcome to Wikipedia. It might not have been your intention, but your recent edit removed content from Second-language attrition. When removing content, please specify a reason in the edit summary and discuss edits that are likely to be controversial on the article's talk page. If this was a mistake, don't worry; the content has been restored, as you can see from the . Take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia, and if you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. Thank you. — Mr. Stradivarius on tour ♫
If this is a shared IP address, and you didn't make the edit, consider creating an account for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant notices. | 472,143,928 | 2012-01-19T22:55:25 | 137.151.19.15 | 2,013 |
6,524,846 | Niederdorf can refer to:
==Places==
Germany
Niederdorf, Saxony
Italy
Niederdorf, South Tyrol, a municipality in South Tyrol
Switzerland
Niederdorf, Basel-Landschaft
Niederdorf, Zürich, a section of the old town in the City of Zürich | 540,631,093 | 2013-02-26T14:11:13 | Niederdorf | 2,013 |
28,290,777 | == August 2010 ==
Welcome to Wikipedia. Everyone is welcome to contribute to the encyclopedia, but when you add or change content, as you did to the article Eben Pagan, please cite a reliable source for the content of your edit. This helps maintain our policy of verifiability. Take a look at Citing sources for information about how to cite sources and the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia. Thank you. Dawnseeker2000
If this is a shared IP address, and you didn't make the edit, consider creating an account for yourself so you can avoid further irrelevant notices. | 377,713,606 | 2010-08-07T21:31:30 | 173.217.115.50 | 2,013 |
34,425,708 | == Summary ==
== Licensing == | 518,607,230 | 2012-10-18T23:52:38 | Katya Paskaleva.jpg | 2,013 |
28,290,778 | == Summary ==
== Licensing == | 377,714,965 | 2010-08-07T21:40:36 | Lotw logo.png | 2,013 |
8,072,427 | Inquisition is a single by the band Skinny Puppy. The song "Inquisition" was from their album Last Rights.
==Track listing==
==References==
==External links==
Inquisition at Discogs (cd 5", Capitol, )
Inquisition at Discogs (12", Capitol, )
Inquisition at Discogs (cd 5", Nettwerk, )
Inquisition at Discogs (cd 5", Nettwerk, )
1992 singles
Skinny Puppy songs
Nettwerk Records singles
Capitol Records singles | 521,600,467 | 2012-11-06T01:23:12 | Inquisition (song) | 2,013 |
28,290,780 | == Summary ==
== Licensing == | 517,817,659 | 2012-10-14T22:42:55 | Bozeman Watch Company (emblem).jpg | 2,013 |
17,981,721 | Note: this article describes afamelanotide which is also known by the name melanotan-1. afamelanotide should not be confused with melanotan II.
Afamelanotide , originally developed at the University of Arizona, is a synthetic analog of the naturally occurring melanocortin peptide hormone alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) that has been shown to induce skin pigmentation through melanogenesis and thereby subsequently reduce sun (UV) damage to UV exposed skin in preliminary studies and clinical trials. Its amino acid sequence is Ac-Ser-Tyr-Ser-Nle-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly-Lys-Pro-Val-NH2 or -α-MSH.
Afamelanotide is the International Nonproprietary Name for the molecule α-MSH initially researched and developed as melanotan-1 and later, CUV1647 . A marketing trade name for one brand of afamelanotide was approved in 2010 by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) Name Review Group (NRG) and the Agency's Committee for Human Medicinal Products (CHMP) as Scenesse (pronounced "sen-esse"). On May 5, 2010 the Italian Medicines Agency (AIFA - Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco) became the first governmental health organization ever (even before the drug received approval in Europe) to authorize afamelanotide as a medicine for therapeutic treatment of Italian citizens to reduce painful photosensitivity stemming from the orphan disease erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP). This approval allowed the drug to be immediately available for prescription in Italy and reimbursable under the country's national health system. Authorities in Switzerland have also allowed prescription of the drug for EPP with reimbursement approved by two unnamed insurers Afamelanotide is currently being clinically trialled in the form of a "grain of rice" sized bioabsorbable subcutaneous implant as a potential therapeutic photoprotection inducing agent for a series of light related skin indications as well as a potential dermal repigmentation agent for vitiligo. The drug molecule α-MSH has yet to be approved for use by additional governmental drug regulatory bodies outside of trials, but unlicensed and untested powders sold as "melanotan" are found on the Internet and are reported to be used by tens of thousands of members of the general public.
Multiple regulatory bodies have warned consumers the peptides may be unsafe and ineffective in usage, with one regulatory agency warning that consumers who purchase any product labeled "melanotan" risk buying a counterfeit drug. Clinuvel Pharmaceuticals, the company developing afamelanotide, and medical researchers have warned consumers that counterfeit products sold using the names "melanotan I and II", could "pose a hazard to public health". Clinuvel has stated publicly that products sold online as "melanotan" are not afamelanotide.
==Historical development==
-α-MSH was first synthesized at the University of Arizona. Researchers there knew that one of the best defenses against skin cancer was melanin activated in the skin, a tan. They hypothesized that an effective way to reduce skin cancer rates in people would be to induce the body's natural pigmentary system to produce the body's natural photoprotective skin pigmentation (a tan) prior to UV exposure. The body's naturally occurring hormone α-MSH causes melanogenesis, a process by which the skin's pigment cells (melanocytes) produce the skin's pigment (melanin). They tested to see if administering this endogenous hormone to the body directly could be an effective means of sunless tanning. What they found was that while it appeared to work, natural α-MSH had too short a in the body to be practical as a therapeutic drug. The team then searched for a more potent and stable alternative.
After synthesizing and screening hundreds of molecules, the researchers, headed by Victor J. Hruby and Mac E. Hadley, found a peptide, -α-MSH, that was approximately 1,000 times more potent than natural α-MSH. They dubbed this new peptide molecule "Melanotan" (later Melanotan-1, now known as afamelanotide). They subsequently developed another analog, Ac-Nle-cyclo-NH2), which they called "Melanotan II". The scientists hoped to use these peptides to prevent melanoma by stimulating the body's natural pigmentary mechanism to create a tan without exposure to harmful levels of UV radiation. This in turn, they hypothesized, could reduce the potential for skin damage in the tanning population that could lead to skin cancer.
The scientists licensed their patented peptides, via a technology transfer company, to a number of biotechnology companies intent on developing them into drugs. Afamelanotide (formerly the proprietary CUV1647) is currently being tested, in an implant delivery formulation, and clinically trialed by the Australian company Clinuvel Pharmaceuticals, for a series of conditions affecting the skin including erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP), polymorphous light eruption (PMLE), solar urticaria (SU), phototoxicity associated with systemic photodynamic therapy and actinic keratosis (AK) and squamous cell carcinoma skin cancer in patients who have received organ transplants, vitiligo and Hailey Hailey disease. The drug has previously been tested in polymorphous light eruption (PMLE), solar urticaria (SU) and phototoxicity associate with systemic photodynamic therapy.
==Mechanism of action==
Afamelanotide is a non selective agonist of the melanocortin receptors (MC1R,MC3-5R). As an analogue of α-MSH, its mechanism of action is biomimicry of the natural mammalian tanning process.
Afamelanotide produces its photoprotective effects by triggering a 'signaling cascade' via its activation of the MC1R on melanin-producing cells known as melanocytes.
Upon afamelanotide binding with the MC1R on the surface of melanocytes in the epidermal layer of the skin, it begins a series of actions and reactions that result in melanocytes favoring the production of eumelanin (photoprotective black/brown pigment) over pheomelanin (red/yellow pigment).
The initial binding activates the MC1R leading to the activation of adenylate cyclase (AC) and stimulation of the production of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) from adenosine triphosphate (ATP). cAMP in turn activates protein kinase A (PKA) resulting in the phosphorylation of the cAMP response element-binding (CREB). Phosphorylated CREB will bind to the cAMP response element (CRE) on the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) gene leading to the synthesis of the MITF protein. MITF has the ability to activate several genes by binding to them, including the MC1R gene and the genes involved in melanogenesis (tyrosinase, TYRP1 and DCT, which encode enzymes of the same names). This results in increased concentrations of the melanogenic enzymes within the melanocyte. It is the levels of these enzymes within a melanocyte that determines whether the cell will create eumelanin instead of pheomelanin.
Production of eumelanin rather than pheomelanin by melanocytes, thereby increases pigmentation of the skin and thus provides photoprotection against harmful UV radiation from the sun. This is the intended therapeutic benefit from the medicinal administration of afamelanotide.
==Preclinical studies relative to carcinogenicity==
Owing to α-MSH being a superpotent synthetic form of a-MSH concerns were present in the minds of the original researchers as to it possibly having the potential to cause melanocytes to turn malignant or to enhance the proliferation of pre-existing melanomas and possibly other skin cancer types. These concerns led the researchers to conduct a series of preclinical studies to examine the carcinogenic potential that α-MSH had in both in vivo and in vitro skin models. According to the researchers these studies established a, "lack of carcinogenic potential for melanotan". Further studies reported that α-MSH did not enhance anchorage-independent clonogenic cell growth, a hallmark of malignancy, and it had no effect on tumor incidence, size or on metastatic spread in in vitro and animal models. Instead, one study reported that α-MSH actually inhibited melanoma cell proliferation in vitro.
==Human dermal pigmentation clinical trials==
===Arizona===
A 1991 study of α-MSH in 28 "healthy white men" who used a "high-potency sunscreen during the trial" concluded that "Human skin darkens as a response to a synthetic melanotropin given by subcutaneous injection. Skin tanning appears possible without potentially harmful exposure to ultraviolet radiation."
A 1997 pharmacokinetic trial to establish efficacy of peptide administration compared intravenous, oral and subcutaneous routes. The study found that, "subcutaneous administration is an efficacious method of delivering melanotan".
A 1999 clinical dose ranging study in "eight male volunteers with 'tannable' skin types III-IV" given α-MSH (Melanotan-I) determined that an optimal dose for ten daily subcutaneous injections is 0.16 mg/kg per day.
A 2000 study to determine increases of eumelanin expression in seven, "normal volunteers" administered α-MSH concluded that, "the tanning induced by Melanotan in the face and forearm is associated with a significant increase in the eumelanin content of the human skin."
Three 2004 Phase I clinical trials sought to establish the safety of α-MSH therapy combined with UV-B light or sunlight exposure. The researchers determined, "Melanotan-1 can be safely combined with UV-B light or sunlight and appears to act synergistically in the tanning response to light." These trials were funded by the National Cancer Institute.
===Australia===
A 2003 Phase IIb clinical human trial demonstrated in a group of seventy-nine volunteers that those who were administered α-MSH daily for a period of three months had highly significant increases in skin-melanin while those who were not, did not. It found fairer-skin people (Fitzpatrick Types I/II) recorded increases in melanin of up to 100% in some areas and that their risk of sunburn injury was reduced by more than 50%. This trial, results from which were published in the British Journal of Dermatology, showed that the drug increased the minimal urticarial dose of light required to onset urticarial reactions. Clinuvel announced that it was deferring the solar urticaria program in February 2010.
A 2006 study Phase II clinical trial were completed assessing afamelanotide's ability α-MSH's effect on melanin synthesis in humans with MC1R variant alleles. Researchers found that "MELANOTAN effectively increases the melanin content of skin in those individuals with MC1R variant alleles and therefore, those most in need of photoprotection." Results, released in December 2009, showed that seven of nine patients treated with afamelanotide could tolerate ambient light exposure and had an improve quality of life after 60 days of treatment.
==Therapeutic clinical trials==
Afamelanotide is being trialed by Clinuvel as a drug for photoprotection for five indications:
Erythropoietic protoporphyria
Polymorphous light eruption
Phototoxicity associated with systemic photodynamic therapy
Solar urticaria
Actinic keratosis and squamous cell carcinoma skin cancer in patients who have received an organ tranplant
Clinuvel is also trialing the drug as a potential dermal repigmentation agent for:
Vitiligo
===Erythropoietic protoporphyria===
Phase II trials of afamelanotide in erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) were completed in February 2007. These results, published in the New England Journal of Medicine in 2009, showed that EPP patient's "tolerance to artificial light and melanin density increased significantly by day 120 after the start of afamelanotide, to 11 times and 1.3 times the baseline values".
Phase III trials of afamelanotide as a treatment for EPP commenced in June 2007. These trials were to determine if afamelanotide "could reduce the number and severity of phototoxic reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria" and "increase the duration of exposure to sunlight that can be tolerated by EPP patients".
In January 2009, interim results were released from the Phase III trial involving 14 patients from a clinic in Zurich. These results showed that "the severity of phototoxic reaction for patients with the disease was significantly reduced".
In December 2012, Phase III trial results showed that EPP patients receiving afamelanotide “experienced half as many phototoxic reactions” as patients on placebo and spent more time in sunlight. Results also showed that patients taking afamelanotide experienced less severe phototoxic reactions and had an improved quality of life after receiving the drug.
The EMEA, Swissmedic and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration have recognized afamelanotide as an orphan drug for the treatment of EPP and congenital erythropoietic porphyria.
However the EMA, or the Swissmedic, have not authorized the active ingredient afamelanotide as an orphan drug for the treatment of EPP and congenital erythropoietic porphyria. Therefore it is legally impossible to market, promote, sell or prescribe Scenesse in Europe. The drug has been allowed for prescription for EPP prior to its formal approval in Italy under law 648/96 and in Switzerland, but it is not possible to market, promote, sell or prescribe Scenesse in Europe outside of these programs.
Clinuvel filed a European marketing authorisation application (MAA) for Scenesse with the EMA February 2012.It announced in August 2013 that the CHMP’s review would be “extended to January 2014.”
===Polymorphous light eruption===
Phase II trials of afamelanotide in polymorphous light eruption (PLE) were completed in August 2006. The trials reported that patients treated with the drug "used significantly less systemic corticosteroids" and reported "fewer episodes of PLE" compared to those treated with a placebo. Phase III trials commenced in January 2007, and completed 2009 with preliminary results released in December 2009. Final results were never released.
===Skin cancer, solar urticaria and phototoxicity with photodynamic therapy===
Phase II trials are underway to assess afamelanotide's ability to reduce the prevalence of actinic keratoses and squamous cell carcinoma skin cancers in patients who have received organ transplants. These patients suffer greater numbers of skin cancers as they are immunosuppressed. Trials commenced in November 2007. Final results are expected late 2013.
Phase II trials assessing afamelanotide as a preventative treatment in patients suffering solar urticaria commenced in September 2008.
Phase II trials are underway to assess afamelanotide's ability to prevent photosensitivity in patients who have undergone systemic photodynamic therapy (PDT), a cancer treatment where patients are given a light-sensitising drug. Trial completed, however results never released.
==General population usage of melanotan peptides==
General public users of the melanotan peptides (including melanotan-1) have been reported to number into the tens of thousands in the UK with one BBC report explaining that a January 2009 straw poll by the reporting journalist of just 6 UK needle exchanges revealed, "nearly 500 people wanting the syringes or information about melanotan". Academic researchers have reported on a "thriving" internet community of users of the peptides at the site Melanotan.org where members discuss their experiences using the unlicensed and unregulated drugs. The site was reported to number more than 5,000 members as of February 2009. A January 2009 report in Wired Science described the site's forum as having more than 50,000 posts primarily covering "Usage and Experimentation" by members with many covering detailed regimens on how to attain skin darkening and/or sexual function improvements.
In May 2010 the Norwegian tabloid daily Verdens Gang published a story based upon a report by the Norwegian Pharmacy Association stating that 10,000 syringes are sold annually to Norwegian users of melanotan-1 and melanotan II.
==="Melanotan" products sold for human use===
A number of products are sold online and in gyms and beauty salons as "melanotan" or "melanotan-1" which purport to have the same chemical make up as afamelanotide, of which the visual effect resulting from usage has been noted in an article by Wired.com as being "eerily similar to results obtained in trials at the University of Arizona or by Clinuvel". The Wired.com article explained that these products were Melanotan II, "a similar (but not identical) compound" and Clinuvel has stated that products sold as "melanotan" are "wholly unrelated to Clinuvel's proprietary afamelanotide". Chemicals sold as "melanotan" are not illegal to import, use or own; however their domestic sales (non-export) and supply for human use outside of government sanctioned clinical trials is illegal within the boundaries of certain jurisdictions, including the UK and Australia.
A 2009 paper on unlicensed "melanotan" products, sold on the internet, has reported that long term use of the products can cause moles to darken and increase in size. Academic researchers at Liverpool John Moores University specialized in performance-enhancing drugs published an editorial in the British Medical Journal suggesting that long term use of 'melanotan I and II', "could damage the immune systems as well as triggering other problems".
====Health warnings on "melanotan" products sold for human use====
Clinuvel has warned consumers against the use of what it terms are "counterfeit", drugs sold as "melanotan I and II" that are promoted by citing research on afamelanotide.
On August 8, 2008 the Danish Medicines Agency (DMA) issued a warning against the use of any product called "Melanotan" purchased on the internet, noting that claims that imply that it has an, "effect" for protection against skin cancer, "has not been documented".
The UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency issued a similar warning on November 17, 2008 stating that "We are warning people not to use this product. Don't be fooled into thinking that Melanotan offers a shortcut to a safer and more even tan. They are unlicensed in the UK. If you have used either of these products do not use them again and if you have any concerns you should seek advice from your doctor."
The FDA issued a Warning Letter to an online vendor in January 2009 selling "Melanotan ONE" as advertisements of the products on their website were in breach of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act as the site was selling "new drug" products.
The Irish Medicines Board (IMB) issued a precautionary safety alert on February 27, 2009 regarding the use of "the unauthorised medicine Melanotan (I and II)", sold as a powder for injection, stating that "Melanotan is not yet authorised in Ireland and therefore the IMB cannot guarantee the efficacy, safety or quality of this product." In its release, the IMB announced that its tests had found the presence of microbial contamination in a vial of water sold together with melanotan powder which "would expose recipients to a risk of serious infection".
The Norwegian Medicines Agency has issued warnings in 2007 and 2009 about the use of "Melanotan" sold online, while a spokesman for the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration warned consumers to be "very wary" of using it.
==See also==
Melanotan II
BMS-470,539
Bremelanotide
==References==
==External links==
Clinuvel Pharmaceuticals Limited
Melanotan.org
PubChem entry Melanotan 1
Peptide hormones
Melanocortin receptor agonists | 587,114,594 | 2013-12-21T17:00:38 | Afamelanotide | 2,013 |
8,072,429 | ==Untitled==
it is rainbow colered and tastes like skittles | 355,920,099 | 2010-04-14T07:13:01 | Diabrotica undecimpunctata | 2,013 |
4,690,976 | Gamuda Berhad () is an engineering, property and infrastructure company in Malaysia.
The company was incorporated on October 6, 1976 and was listed on the main board of Bursa Malaysia on 10 August 1992. The group's main projects range from the construction of [airport runways, railways, | 552,828,806 | 2013-04-30T03:02:47 | Gamuda Berhad | 2,013 |
34,425,709 | New Build are a British band based in London. The band involves members of the Grammy-nominated British band Hot Chip (nominated in 2009, also nominated for the 2006 Nationwide Music Prize for their album The Warning), with a contribution on one song from Pat Mahoney of the Grammy nominated band LCD Soundsystem (nominated in 2006 and 2008). Their first album Yesterday was Lived and Lost was released in the UK on March 5, 2012 and in the United States on April 3, 2012.
They have received national radio play on the BBC by DJs including Mary Anne Hobbes, Nick Grimshaw, Rob Da Bank and Peter Serafinowicz, featured in worldwide publications such as Rolling Stone magazine, Mixmag and The Guardian and prior to releasing their first album released two singles on their own label Lanark Recordings, the first entitled "Misery Loves Company", the second "Do You Not Feel Loved?".
== History ==
=== Discography ===
2012: Yesterday was Lived and Lost
2013: Your Love- EP
2013: False Thing- Single
=== Formation ===
New Build formed in 2010, although core members Felix Martin and Al Doyle had previously worked together since meeting in 2001.
Working and touring together as members of the British electronic indie band Hot Chip, Doyle and Martin began to record songs at their own studio, Lanark Studios, in London in 2007. One of these early recordings, "The Stone That The Builder Rejected", was subsequently featured under the artist name "Lanark" on the Hot Chip entry of the "DJ Kicks" compilation series.
Doyle and Martin where subsequently joined by Tom Hopkins, an electronic composer who began working as an engineer at Lanark Studios in 2009, as Hot Chip began work there recording part of their album One Life Stand.
The trio began writing and recording original compositions together around this time, collaborating with Pat Mahoney from the New York based band LCD Soundsystem on the track "Guitar Man" and with Bolton-born producer and vocalist Janine Rostron (Planningtorock) on several other tracks.
In September 2011, New Build released their first public track, a free download entitled "Finding Reasons". The trio subsequently established their own independent record label Lanark Recordings. Their first release was a vinyl only 12" single featuring the tracks "Misery Loves Company", "Guitar Man" and a remix of "Finding Reasons" by Janine Rostron. Their second release is another 12" entitled "Do You Not Feel Loved?", made public in January 2012. It features remixes by the German DJ and techno producer Dominik Eulberg and the Amsterdam based musicians Juju & Jordash.
Their first public appearance as a live band was in November 2011 at the Elektrowerkz venue in London. This was followed by shows at the Paradiso in Amsterdam and at the Eurosonic Festival in Groningen in January 2012.
The band undertook their first headline tour in March 2012 to mark the release of their first album.
==References==
British electronic music groups
Musical groups from London | 552,499,272 | 2013-04-28T00:53:51 | New Build | 2,013 |
5,199,168 | Thank you for experimenting with the page Ferizai on Wikipedia. Your test worked, and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any other tests you want to do. Take a look at the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia.
Welcome!
Hello, , and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers:
The five pillars of Wikipedia
How to edit a page
Help pages
Tutorial
How to write a great article
Manual of Style
I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Questions, ask me on my talk page, or place {{helpme}} on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! --M@rēino | 53,937,832 | 2006-05-18T22:51:26 | Arberbmw | 2,013 |
34,425,710 | == January 2012 ==
Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Everyone is welcome to make constructive contributions to Wikipedia, but at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to Nirvana (band), did not appear to be constructive and has been automatically reverted (undone) by an automated computer program called ClueBot NG.
Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia. Note that human editors do monitor recent changes to Wikipedia articles, and administrators have the ability to block users from editing if they repeatedly engage in vandalism.
ClueBot NG makes very few mistakes, but it does happen. If you believe the change you made should not have been considered as unconstructive, please read about it, , remove this warning from your talk page, and then make the edit again.
If you need help, please see our help pages, and if you can't find what you are looking for there, please feel free to place "" on your talk page and someone will drop by to help.
The following is the log entry regarding this warning: Nirvana (band) was changed by 74.105.14.207 (u) (t) ANN scored at 0.935693 on 2012-01-19T22:53:23+00:00 . Thank you. ClueBot NG (talk)
== April 2012 ==
Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Everyone is welcome to make constructive contributions to Wikipedia, but at least one of your recent edits, such as the one you made to LMFAO (group), did not appear to be constructive and has been automatically reverted (undone) by an automated computer program called ClueBot NG.
Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia. Note that human editors do monitor recent changes to Wikipedia articles, and administrators have the ability to block users from editing if they repeatedly engage in vandalism.
ClueBot NG makes very few mistakes, but it does happen. If you believe the change you made should not have been considered as unconstructive, please read about it, , remove this warning from your talk page, and then make the edit again.
If you need help, please see our help pages, and if you can't find what you are looking for there, please feel free to place "" on your talk page and someone will drop by to help.
The following is the log entry regarding this warning: LMFAO (group) was changed by 74.105.14.207 (u) (t) ANN scored at 0.952612 on 2012-04-20T23:20:18+00:00 . Thank you. ClueBot NG (talk) | 488,410,886 | 2012-04-20T23:20:22 | 74.105.14.207 | 2,013 |
Subsets and Splits