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Please summerize the given abstract to a title	The problem of ‘uneven distribution of wealth’ accelerated during the COVID-19 pandemic In the chaotic modern society, there is an increasing demand for the realisation of true ‘fairness’ In this study, we propose a fair distribution method ‘using physics’, which imitates the Greek mythology, Themis, having a ‘balance of judgement’ in her left hand, for the profit in games of characteristic function form Specifically, we show that the linear programming problem for calculating ‘nucleolus (a solution for the fair distribution)’ can be efficiently solved by considering it as a physical system in which gravity works In addition to significantly reducing the computational complexity, the proposed scheme provides a new perspective to open up a physics-based policymaker that is adaptable to real-time changes We will be able to implement it not only in liquid systems but also in many other physical systems, including semiconductor chips The fair distribution problem can be solved immediately using physical systems, which should reduce disputes and conflicts based on inaccurate information and misunderstandings, eliminating fraud and injustice	A balance for fairness: fair distribution utilising physics	A balance for fairness: fair distribution utilising physics
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	AIM: This study aims to examine the effect of COVID-19 on the anxiety levels of healthcare employees. METHODS: This descriptive study used the snowball sampling method to recruit participants. The study was conducted between 18 and 25 April 2020 with a total of 710 participants. The data were collected using a sociodemographic questionnaire and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Ethics committee approval was obtained to conduct the study, and the data were analyzed using the SPSS 24.0 statistical package program using descriptive statistics, t tests and ANOVA. RESULTS: In the study, 46.8% of the participants were in the 26–35 age group, 60.7% were female, 19.9% worked at clinics with COVID-19 patients (service, intensive care and emergency clinics), and 17.6% had a chronic disease. The state and trait anxiety mean scores of the participants were 60.29 ± 6.13 and 44.18 ± 7.69, respectively. Statistically significant differences were found in the participants’ state and trait anxiety levels with respect to their age, gender, unit of work, marital status, status of having children and presence of a chronic disease (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The state and trait anxiety levels of the healthcare workers in the study were found to be “severe” and “moderate,” respectively.	The impact of COVID-19 on healthcare workers’ anxiety levels	The impact of COVID-19 on healthcare workers’ anxiety levels
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this case report was to describe the role of physical therapists in a neurosurgical center that was converted into a COVID-19 center for critically ill patients. METHODS (CASE DESCRIPTION): On March 16, 2020, the state government of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, determined that a neurosurgical center with 44 ICU beds equipped with mechanical ventilators should immediately transfer all patients with neurological conditions to other institutions and prepare for patients who were critically ill with COVID-19. The staff, including physical therapists, were trained to handle patients with COVID-19, many of whom were developing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with complex and multifactorial ventilatory support needs. Adjustments were made to the physical therapy routine and protocols. Following the stabilization of patients' respiratory condition, physical therapist interventions focused on restoring physical function. RESULTS: A total of 116 confirmed COVID-19 cases were treated from March 17 to May 17, 2020. Sixty percent were men (70) and 40% were women (46), with a median age of 59 years. Eighty-nine percent (103) underwent mechanical ventilation during hospitalization, of which 11% (11) were successfully extubated. Thirty percent (31) of patients underwent tracheostomy, and 26% of those (8) were successfully decannulated. Of the total patients, 57 patients died (mortality rate of 49%), 4 (3%) were transferred to another institution, 23 (20%) were discharged home, and 32 (28%) continued to be hospitalized. CONCLUSION: Physical therapists in the ICU can facilitate care for critical events such as intubation, patient positioning, ventilatory adjustments, extubation, and functional training. IMPACT: The coronavirus pandemic has highlighted the importance of physical therapists, specifically in the care of patients who are critically ill with COVID-19. The availability and expertise of physical therapists in the ICU are important for managing critical events such as intubation, patient positioning, ventilatory adjustments, extubation, and functional training.	The First 60 Days: Physical Therapy in a Neurosurgical Center Converted Into a COVID-19 Center in Brazil	The First 60 Days: Physical Therapy in a Neurosurgical Center Converted Into a COVID-19 Center in Brazil
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	This study aims to determine how the COVID-19 pandemic affects career anxiety of tourism students, who are the potential future employees of tourism and hospitality industry. Data was collected using an online survey with 1097 undergraduate students in the field of tourism in Turkey. The results of the study revealed that perceived risk of infection and fear of COVID-19 significantly impact students' career anxiety, and fear of COVID-19 mediate the relationship between perceived infection risk and career anxiety. In addition, the results indicated that psychological resilience, which is an individual resource against difficulties, represents a factor that reduces career anxieties of students in the face of pandemic-related negative impacts. The findings contribute to the understanding of how pandemic diseases affect career anxiety in students, who are the future workforce of the tourism sector, and to determine the role of individual resources such as psychological resilience in this process.	Does COVID-19 pandemic trigger career anxiety in tourism students? Exploring the role of psychological resilience	Does COVID-19 pandemic trigger career anxiety in tourism students? Exploring the role of psychological resilience
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	Social media platforms have taken unprecedented steps to combat misinformation about Covid-19. However, critics question whether the most common strategy – labeling and alerting readers to misinformation – successfully counters misinformation or paradoxically reinforces inaccurate beliefs. Using a pair of survey experiments, we examine the efficacy of two different corrections in reducing accuracy misperceptions and social media sharing that spreads false claims. Simply flagging fake headlines had little effect on subjects’ accuracy assessments and social media responses. Corrections explicitly countering false claims with factual information were more effective, though many respondents reported that they believed and would share the false information. Despite the increasing politicization of America’s pandemic response and polarization more generally, corrections to false claims with and without partisan valence were equally effective. We found no evidence of partisan backfire effects. The efficacy of corrections did vary with social media usage and age, a proxy for digital literacy. However, these moderating effects were inconsistent and often conflicting. Our results suggest that more aggressive corrections are essential to combating the Covid-19 infodemic;backlash risks are minimal and milder corrections ineffective.	The Covid-19 Infodemic and the Efficacy of Corrections	The Covid-19 Infodemic and the Efficacy of Corrections
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	Synchronous and asynchronous classes were implemented by universities around the world during the COVID-19 pandemic. Students learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL) engaged in multiple practices when attending English writing classes in both modes. However, the practices they engaged in and the benefits they perceived were reportedly of limited benefit. This study asks: What are the practices of students that emerge during synchronous and asynchronous English writing classes? What are the benefits of synchronous and asynchronous English writing classes from the student's perspective? Group and one-to-one interviews were conducted with twelve students majoring in computer science and information technology at a Saudi university. Thematic analysis revealed that students engage in practices including using the split view on iPads, opening additional windows to search for information, searching using smartphone apps, and writing notes and highlighting key concepts when attending English writing classes regardless of learning mode. It also revealed that synchronous classes offered students real-time communication and provided immediate feedback, while asynchronous classes allowed students to navigate the challenges of distance learning, complementing the synchronous English writing classes and providing students with a sense of security. This paper concludes by advising language teachers to record synchronous classes, raise students' awareness of the benefits of attending both types of classes and encourage students to apply practices reported by previous students to maximize their English language learning.	Synchronous and Asynchronous English Writing Classes in the EFL Context: Students' Practices and Benefits	Synchronous and {{NAME}} Writing Classes in the EFL Context: Students' Practices and Benefits
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has irrevocably changed every aspect of social, medical and economic life globally. Although our traditional Western consideration of the underlying causes have led to massive strides in prevention and control of spread, a wider more inclusive approach, including principles of African and non-Western causality may facilitate our ability to prevent future outbreaks. Decolonising our traditional thoughts on medical causality may compliment the practice of medicine and enrich our understanding of health.	Decolonising medical causality in the COVID-19 pandemic	Decolonising medical causality in the COVID-19 pandemic
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	Abstract Why do people give and help others in face of their own mortality salience? The existential struggle with the awareness of death impacts the gamut of human cognition, emotion, and behavior This multi-method research (ΣN = 1,219) explains the psychosocial impact of COVID-19-related mortality salience on altruism Drawing from terror management theory, two studies tested death-thought accessibility, mortality salience, and anxiety buffer hypotheses Study 1 (cross-sectional survey), using structural equation modeling, confirms death anxiety and fear are predictors of powerlessness and materialism which, in turn, predict charitable donations Study 2 (between-subjects experiment) confirms the causal effects of COVID-19-induced mortality salience on altruism Controlling income and socioeconomic status, people in the mortality salience treatment condition indicate greater monetary donations ($), ratio of prosocial (altruistic) to proself (egocentric) spending (%), donation of time (hour), monetary valuation of time (hourly rate = $/hour), and economic value of donated time (hourly rate*hour) than the controls These effects are mediated by powerlessness Moderating effects of relevant individual difference factors are significant: the greedier, more selfish, narcissistic, materialistic, and system-justifying the donor is, the higher monetary donations, volunteer time, and perceived value of donated time are, only when the COVID-19-induced mortality is made salient but not in the controls Environmental and dispositional factors jointly influence vulnerability to mortality salience The paradox of egocentrism and altruism, as an evolutionarily adaptive protective buffer against existential insecurity for social and cultural animals, can help revitalize resilience, thus shedding some lights on the socio-psychological mechanism of consumers' subjective well-being Implications for consumer affairs, social marketers, and policymakers are discussed	“The Greedy I That Gives”- The Paradox of Egocentrism and Altruism: Terror Management and System Justification Perspectives on the Interrelationship Between Mortality Salience and Charitable Donations Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic	“The Greedy I That Gives”- The Paradox of Egocentrism and Altruism: Terror Management and System Justification Perspectives on {{ORGANIZATION}} the COVID-19 Pandemic
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	Coronaviruses (CoVs) are the largest group of positive-sense RNA viruses By increasing our understanding of the interactions between CoVs and the host innate immune system, we can evaluate the development and persistence of inflammation in the lungs and reduce the risk of CoV-induced lung inflammation with a new group of genetic variants Here, we aim to discuss some recent changes in host cell factors that may be used by CoV to promote the proliferation cycle We also discuss different host cell signaling pathways that can be considered in the host-pathogen interactions at the molecular level The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has created new challenges for the cultural, economic, and health infrastructures Therefore, it is important that healthcare systems and physicians recognize a global integrated framework for monitoring the progression of COVID-19 to develop targeted therapies that can potentially save human lives	A novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a review of host cell signaling pathways	A novel coronavirus disease ({{ORGANIZATION}}): a review of host cell signaling pathways
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	AIMS: Patients with Brugada syndrome have an increased risk of life-threatening arrhythmias when experience fever. Therefore, a prompt treatment of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAI) is suggested in these patients. COVID-19 vaccination can be associated with fever in about 20% of patients. The aim of the study is to evaluate the incidence and management of adverse events within 48 h from COVID-19 vaccination among Brugada patients. METHODS AND RESULTS: Eighty patients were enrolled from a prospective registry involving four European hospitals with a dedicated inherited disease ambulatory. Cardiological follow-up was performed within one month from vaccination. Mean age was 47 ± 17 years, 80% (num = 63) were male. Prevalence of Brugada types 1, 2, and 3 was as follows: 25% type 1, 39% type 2, and 24% type 3. Twenty-six percent of patients had an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). Within in 48 h from vaccination, 35% (num = 28) of patients experienced joint paint, 19% (num = 15) fever and 4% (num = 3) chest pain. In 8 out of 15 fever episodes body temperature was ≥38 degrees and treated with NSAI drugs. No patients had syncope or fatigue episodes and no arrhythmic episodes were recorded in patients with ICD. Conclusions About 20% of patients experienced fever after Covid-19 vaccination but no patient experienced life-threatening arrhythmias. Careful evaluation of body temperature and administration of NSAI in case of temperature higher than 38 is suggested.	429 Incidence and management of adverse events among COVID-19 vaccination receipts with Brugada syndrome. Results from a multicentre-prospective European registry	429 Incidence and management of adverse events among COVID-19 vaccination receipts with Brugada syndrome. Results from a multicentre-prospective European registry
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	We evaluated associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level and severity of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in hospitalized patients. We assessed serum 25(OH)D level in 133 patients aged 21–93 years. Twenty-five (19%) patients had severe disease, 108 patients (81%) had moderate disease, and 18 (14%) patients died. 25(OH)D level ranged from 3.0 to 97.0 ng/mL (median, 13.5 [25%; 75%, 9.6; 23.3] ng/mL). Vitamin D deficiency was diagnosed in 90 patients, including 37 with severe deficiency. In patients with severe course of disease, 25(OH)D level was lower (median, 9.7 [25%; 75%, 6.0; 14.9] ng/mL), and vitamin D deficiency was more common than in patients with moderate course (median, 14.6 [25%; 75%, 10.6; 24.4] ng/mL, p = 0.003). In patients who died, 25(OH)D was 9.6 [25%; 75%, 6.0; 11.5] ng/mL, compared with 14.8 [25%; 75%, 10.1; 24.3] ng/mL in discharged patients (p = 0.001). Severe vitamin D deficiency was associated with increased risk of COVID-19 severity and fatal outcome. The threshold for 25(OH)D level associated with increased risk of severe course was 11.7 ng/mL. Approximately the same 25(OH)D level, 10.9 ng/mL, was associated with increased risk of mortality. Thus, most COVID-19 patients have vitamin D deficiency; severe vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased risk of COVID-19 severity and fatal outcome.	Low 25(OH)D Level Is Associated with Severe Course and Poor Prognosis in COVID-19	Low 25(OH)D Level Is Associated with Severe Course and Poor Prognosis in COVID-19
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the incidence of COVID-19 and its main outcomes in rheumatic disease (RD) patients on hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) compared to household cohabitants (HC). METHODS: This is a 24-week nationwide prospective multi-centre cohort with a control group without RD and not using HCQ. All participants were monitored through scheduled phone interviews performed by health professionals. Details regarding COVID-19 symptoms, and epidemiological, clinical, and demographic data were recorded on a specific web-based platform. COVID-19 was defined according to the Brazilian Ministry of Health criteria and classified as mild, moderate or severe. RESULTS: A total of 9,585 participants, 5,164 (53.9%) RD patients on HCQ and 4,421 (46.1%) HC were enrolled from March 29th, 2020 to September 30th, 2020, according to the eligibility criteria. COVID-19 confirmed cases were higher in RD patients than in cohabitants [728 (14.1%) vs. 427 (9.7%), p<0.001] in a 24-week follow-up. However, there was no significant difference regarding outcomes related to moderate/ severe COVID-19 (7.1% and 7.3%, respectively, p=0.896). After multiple adjustments, risk factors associated with hospitalisation were age over 65 (HR=4.5;95%CI 1.35-15.04, p=0.014) and cardiopathy (HR=2.57;95%CI 1.12-5.91, p=0.026). The final survival analysis demonstrated the probability of dying in 180 days after a COVID-19 diagnosis was significantly higher in patients over 65 years (HR=20.8;95%CI 4.5-96.1) and with 2 or more comorbidities (HR=10.8;95%CI 1.1-107.9 and HR=24.8;95%CI 2.5-249.3, p=0.006, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Although RD patients have had a higher COVID-19 incidence than individuals from the same epidemiological background, the COVID-19 severity was related to traditional risk factors, particularly multiple comorbidities and age, and not to underlying RD and HCQ.	Incidence and risk factors for moderate/severe COVID-19 in rheumatic diseases patients on hydroxychloroquine: a 24-week prospective cohort	Incidence and risk factors for moderate/severe COVID-19 in rheumatic diseases patients on hydroxychloroquine: a 24-week prospective cohort
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	As the global COVID-19 pandemic has progressed, awareness of uncommon presentations and complications has increased. The actual incidence of spontaneous pneumothorax was found to be 0.66%, or six patients out of 902 who tested positive in recently published literature of 3368 patients (Zantah M, Dominguez Castillo E, Townsend R, Dikengil F, Criner GJ. Pneumothorax in COVID-19 disease-incidence and clinical characteristics. Respir Res. 2020 Sep 16;21(1):236.). Of those six patients, only two (0.22%) were not associated with mechanical ventilation barotrauma or comorbid lung disease such as COPD. Here, we present a spontaneous pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum in a patient four days after he had been discharged from hospitalization due to uncomplicated COVID-19 pneumonia.	Case Report: Spontaneous Pneumothorax in Resolved, Uncomplicated COVID-19 Pneumonia-A Literature Review	Case Report: Spontaneous Pneumothorax in Resolved, Uncomplicated COVID-19 {{ORGANIZATION}}
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease [coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection] first appeared in December 2019 in China and is now spreading worldwide. Because SARS-CoV-2 can be transmitted via aerosols and surface contaminations of the environment, appropriate use of anesthesia machines and appropriate behavior in the operation room (OR) are required specifically in relation to this disease. The use of high-performance hydrophobic filters with a high rate of virus rejection is recommended as the type of viral filter, and surgical team behaviors that result in aerosol splashes should be avoided. Appropriate hand hygiene by the anesthesiologist is crucial to prevent unexpected environmental contamination. When the anesthesia machine is used instead of an intensive care unit ventilator, it is important to keep the fresh gas flow at least equal to the minute ventilation to prevent excessive humidity in the circuit and to monitor condensation in the circuit and inspiratory carbon dioxide pressure. In addition, both the surgical smoke inherent in thermal tissue destruction and the surgical team's shoe soles may be factors for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the operating room. Ensuring social distancing-even with a mask in the OR-may be beneficial because healthcare providers may be asymptomatic carriers. After the acute crisis period of COVID-19, the number of cases of essential but nonurgent surgeries for waiting patients is likely to increase; therefore, optimization of OR scheduling will be an important topic. Anesthesiologists will benefit from new standard practices focusing on the prevention of COVID-19 infection.	Anesthesiologist behavior and anesthesia machine use in the operating room during the COVID-19 pandemic: awareness and changes to cope with the risk of infection transmission	Anesthesiologist behavior and anesthesia machine use in the operating room during the COVID-19 pandemic: awareness and changes to cope with the risk of infection transmission
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	Scorpion venom could be a useful treatment for a variety of diseases, such as cancer, epilepsy and analgesia. BmKTX is a polypeptide extracts from scorpion venom (PESV), which have attracted much attention from researchers in recent years. mBmKTX is a mutant polypeptide according to the amino acid sequence of BmKTX. We expressed it with the vector pGEX-4T-1 in Escherichia coli, and Caenorhabditis elegans were used as the animal model and fed with the strains. In this study, the expression of pGEX-mBmKTX was analyzed by SDS-PAGE, and GST-mBmKTX purified from pGEX-mBmKTX as a glutathione S-transferase (GST)-tagged fusion protein is approximately 30kDa. The secondary structure prediction shows that mBmKTX is mainly composed of approximately 13% β-sheet and 86% loop. A food clearance assay and brood size assay indicated that the worms fed pGEX-mBmKTX ate more and had greater fecundity than those fed the empty vector. A lifespan analysis demonstrated that mBmKTX could significantly prolong the lifespan of C. elegans, with an increase of 22.5% compared with the control. Behavioral assays confirmed that mBmKTX had no influence on the locomotion of C. elegans. In addition, microarray analysis and quantitative real-time PCR demonstrated that there are 320 differentially expressed genes, 182 of which are related to reproduction, growth and lifespan. In conclusion, the data suggested that mBmKTX has potential utility for increasing fecundity and animal survival.	Feeding recombinant E. coli with GST-mBmKTX fusion protein increases the fecundity and lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans.	Feeding recombinant E. coli with GST-mBmKTX fusion protein increases the fecundity and lifespan of {{ORGANIZATION}} elegans.
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	BACKGROUND: Although a 'person-centred focus' is a legislated objective for both aged-care and disability services sectors in Australia, evidence suggests limited translation into systems and practices due to entrenched silos. This paper proposes a Best Practice Framework to mitigate these silos. METHODS: Mixed-methods research comprising key informant interviews with major stakeholders across both sectors; a survey of people with/without intellectual disability aged 60+ years; qualitative in-depth interviews; and survey of health professionals. RESULTS: There is an urgent need to develop inter-sectoral 'integrated care systems'. Key components include choice in accommodation; regular assessment of health and well-being indicators; development and adoption of nationally consistent policies/standards across integrated aged- and disability-care sectors; improved strategies for workforce planning; and upskilling of existing staff including place-based collaboration. CONCLUSIONS: An integrated service model requires collaboration on broader public policy instruments, appropriate planning and resourcing. A strategic shift is required to ensure better quality person-centred support systems.	Mitigating the impact of the 'silos' between the disability and aged-care sectors in Australia: Development of a Best Practice Framework	Mitigating the impact of the 'silos' between the disability and aged-care sectors in Australia: Development of a Best Practice Framework
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	Virtual patients (VP) have been advocated as reliable tools for teaching and evaluating clinical skills and competence. We have developed an internet-based, OSCE-like, conversational VP system designed both for training and assessment of medical students. The system, that encompasses complete patient management from H&P to diagnostic procedures and treatment, has now been used regularly during the clerkship of internal medicine. The present article describes the system and compares assessments undertaken with the VP-system over the last five years, to traditional bed-side oral exams. All students practiced on their own exercise VP cases, while preparing for the final exam. A total of 586 students were evaluated simultaneously with both assessment modalities. The αCronbach of the VP exam averaged 0.86. No correlation was found between the grades obtained in the two exams, indicating that the VP exam evaluated different parameters than those assessed by the examiners in the oral examinations. We conclude that a VP system can be utilized as a valid and reliable examination tool. It is also most useful for independent training by students during their ward-based learning, as well as when not studying in classes, wards or clinics, when social distancing is required.	Long experience with a web-based, interactive, conversational virtual patient case simulation for medical students' evaluation: comparison with oral examination	Long experience with a web-based, interactive, conversational virtual patient case simulation for medical students' evaluation: comparison with oral examination
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	The novel coronavirus has caused a huge number of infections and continues to be a concern. Rapid detection of infection is paramount in order to (i) ensure timely quarantine and segregation, and (ii) to plan suitable treatment trajectories. The conventional RT-PCR test for COVID-19 is both expensive and slow. Therefore, researchers looked towards leveraging deep learning (DL) for diagnosis of the disease from a variety of images such as CT Scans, Chest X-Ray images, etc. Such deep models have shown promise, and are increasingly been improved upon. This paper presents one such bespoke deep learning model for COVID-19 detection from CXR scans. It is shown that the proposed model matches the performance of most other available DL models while requiring only a fraction of the model size and number of parameters, thereby making it the most lightweight high-performance model available for automated COVID-19 detection from CXR images. © 2021 IEEE.	Lightweight Deep Learning Model for Automated COVID-19 Diagnosis from CXR Images	Lightweight Deep Learning Model for Automated COVID-19 Diagnosis from {{ORGANIZATION}}
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	A fluid challenge can generate an infraclinical interstitial syndrome that may be detected by the appearance of B-lines by lung ultrasound. Our objective was to evaluate the appearance of B-lines as a diagnostic marker of preload unresponsiveness and postoperative complications in the operating theater. We conducted a prospective, bicentric, observational study. Adult patients undergoing abdominal surgery were included. Stroke volume (SV) was determined before and after a fluid challenge with 250 mL crystalloids (Delta-SV) using esophageal Doppler monitoring. Responders were defined by an increase of Delta-SV > 10% after fluid challenge. B-lines were collected at four bilateral predefined zones (right and left anterior and lateral). Delta-B-line was defined as the number of newly appearing B-lines after a fluid challenge. Postoperative pulmonary complications were prospectively recorded according to European guidelines. In total, 197 patients were analyzed. After a first fluid challenge, 67% of patients were responders and 33% were non-responders. Delta-B-line was significantly higher in non-responders than responders [4 (2-7) vs 1 (0-3), p < 0.0001]. Delta-B-line was able to diagnose fluid non-responders with an area under the curve of 0.74 (95% CI 0.67-0.80, p < 0.0001). The best threshold was two B-lines with a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 57%. The final Delta-B-line could predict postoperative pulmonary complications with an area under the curve of 0.74 (95% CI 0.67-0.80, p = 0.0004). Delta-B-line of two or more detected in four lung ultrasound zones can be considered to be a marker of preload unresponsiveness after a fluid challenge in abdominal surgery.The objectives and procedures of the study were registered at Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03502460; Principal investigator: Stéphane BAR, date of registration: April 18, 2018).	Assessment of fluid unresponsiveness guided by lung ultrasound in abdominal surgery: a prospective cohort study.	Assessment of fluid unresponsiveness guided by lung ultrasound in abdominal surgery: a prospective cohort study.
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	The paper aims to present a graph based recommender system for managing the Covid-19 crisis by considering patient and medical staff data. Working with limited number of medical staff, require optimization when creating the appropriate medical staff to assist patient. Patient medical files usually contain more information about the patient diseases and symptoms. In this paper the recommender system at first analyses the patient medical files to find and decide which profile of medical staff could assist efficiency this patient in a crisis situation. Second the recommender system by taking into account the availability of the medical staff will try to propose others doctors with the same profile and the nearest competencies.	A graph based recommender system for managing Covid-19 Crisis	A graph based recommender system for managing Covid-19 {{ORGANIZATION}}
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	INTRODUCTION: Understanding the pathogenesis and risk factors to control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is necessary. Due to the importance of the inflammatory pathways in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 patients, evaluating the effects of anti-inflammatory medications is important. Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) is awell-known glucose-lowering agent with anti-inflammatory effects. AREAS COVERED: Resources were extracted from the PubMed database, using keywords such as glucagon-like peptide-1, GLP-1 RA, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, inflammation, in April2021. In this review, the effects of GLP-1RA in reducing inflammation and modifying risk factors of COVID-19 severe complications are discussed. However, GLP-1 is degraded by DPP-4 with aplasma half-life of about 2–5 minutes, which makes it difficult to measure GLP-1 plasma level in clinical settings. EXPERT OPINION: Since no definitive treatment is available for COVID-19 so far, determining promising targets to design and/or repurpose effective medications is necessary.	Anti-inflammatory effects of GLP-1 in patients with COVID-19	Anti-inflammatory effects of GLP-1 in patients with COVID-19
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	When at the end of last year Professor Traian Patrascu asked me to coordinate an issue of the journal "Chirurgia" dedicated to breast cancer, I was both surprised and intrigued. For two reasons: firstly it seemed to me so little time had passed since the previous issue about this disease and perhaps there weren't many new things to say and secondly I believed that the only topic worth discussing nowadays was the disease that overshadowed anything else: COVID-19. Nevertheless I realized that he was right. More than 3 years had passed since the previous issue and there were many updates related to this subject and COVID-19 or not, the treatment of breast cancer must continue. I am grateful to those who answered to my invitation to write an article. I was amazed by the huge number and the quality of the papers received. They were so numerous that we decided to have a supplement of the journal dedicated to breast cancer edited with the contribution of the Romanian Society of Breast Surgery and Oncology. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the entire planet in almost every aspect of life, including the medical system. The treatment of other diseases, other than COVID-19, has in some way become secondary, at least for the time being. This had immediate repercussions and will inevitably have a long-term impact as well. Breast cancer patients suffered consequently. Screening, diagnosis, treatments including surgery and post therapeutic follow-ups have been profoundly affected by the pandemic.	COVID-19 or Not, Breast Cancer Treatment Must Go On.	{{NAME}} or Not, Breast Cancer Treatment Must Go On.
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	Testicular heat stress affects sperm quality and fertility. However, the chronology of these effects is not yet fully understood. This study aimed to establish the early sequential effects of heat stress in bull sperm quality. Semen and blood samples of Nellore breed bulls were collected and distributed into control and testicular heat stress (scrotal bags/96 h) groups. Semen samples were evaluated for sperm motility, abnormalities, plasma membrane integrity, acrosomal membrane integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential, sperm lipid peroxidation, seminal plasma lipid peroxidation, and DNA fragmentation. Blood plasma was also evaluated for lipid peroxidation. An increase in sperm abnormalities was observed 7 days following heat stress. After 14 days, sperm lipid peroxidation increased and mitochondrial membrane function, sperm motility, and plasma membrane integrity decreased. Heat stress effects were still observed after 21 days following heat stress. An increase in sperm DNA fragmentation was observed as a late effect after 28 days. Thus, the initial effects of heat stress (i.e., increasing sperm abnormalities and lipid peroxidation) suggest the presence of oxidative stress in the semen that alters mitochondrial function, sperm motility, plasma membrane integrity, and belatedly, DNA fragmentation. Although sperm abnormalities persisted and increased over time, sperm lipid peroxidation, in turn, increased only until 21 days after heat stress. In this regard, these findings provide a greater understanding of the chronological effects of experimentally induced heat stress on bovine sperm, providing valuable insights about spermatogenesis during the first 28 days following heat stress.	Heat stress effects on bovine sperm cells: a chronological approach to early findings.	Heat stress effects on bovine sperm cells: a chronological approach to early findings.
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	Events in 2020 have sparked a reimagination of how both individuals and institutions should consider race, power, health, and marginalization in society. In a response to these developments, we examine the current and past limitations of the ways in which bioethicists have considered race and, more generally, discourses of marginalization. We argue that the foundational principle of justice necessitates that bioethics, as an institution, maintain an active voice against systemic injustice. To carry out this charge, bioethics as a field should promote alternative narratives-"counter storytelling"-to the mainstream voices that have traditionally been heard and accepted, largely without opposition. Additionally, we engage with both Post-Colonial and Critical Race Theory, which we believe are important tools for bioethics in pursuit of equity. Ultimately, we advocate for a proactive form of bioethics that actively resists and denounces injustice and which considers a much wider variety of voices about justice than bioethics has historically considered.	Race, Power, and COVID-19: A Call for Advocacy within Bioethics	{{ORGANIZATION}}, and COVID-19: A Call for Advocacy within Bioethics
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	Universities are seeking objective measures to assess their faculty members' research output in order to improve their national and international standing. Despite concerns, many have adopted the impact factor of journals for this purpose. The objective of this study was to explore the conditions that have been created within Taiwan as a result of such national and institutional policies. A case study design was used. Information was sought from five senior faculty members, who responded to a questionnaire with items derived from the literature. A key participant provided context within the country. The data were summarized and described. The respondents confirmed the presence of governmental and university policies for publication in high-impact factor journals; they saw some positive aspects, yet described the obstacles faced by many scholars, felt that the policies led to competition rather than cooperation, and viewed national, compared to international, publications in opposing terms. The findings are discussed within the context of current nursing literature. It is recommended that, where impact factors are used, they not be the only quality measure. A larger and more representative study is also recommended.	Environment for nursing scholarship and journal impact factors in Taiwan.	Environment for nursing scholarship and journal impact factors in Taiwan.
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	The COVID-19 pandemic caused nearly all colleges and universities to transition in-person courses to an online format. In this study, we explored how the rapid transition to online instruction during the COVID-19 pandemic affected students with disabilities. We interviewed 66 science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) undergraduates with disabilities at seven large-enrollment institutions during Spring 2020. We probed to what extent students were able to access their existing accommodations, to what extent the online environment required novel accommodations, and what factors prevented students from being properly accommodated in STEM courses. Using inductive coding, we identified that students were unable to access previously established accommodations, such as reduced-distraction testing and note-takers. We also found that the online learning environment presented novel challenges for students with disabilities that may have been lessened with the implementation of accommodations. Finally, we found that instructors making decisions about what accommodations were appropriate for students and disability resource centers neglecting to contact students after the transition to online instruction prevented students from receiving the accommodations that they required in STEM courses during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study illuminates current gaps in the support of students with disabilities and pinpoints ways to make online STEM learning environments more inclusive for students with disabilities.	COVID-19 and Undergraduates with Disabilities: Challenges Resulting from the Rapid Transition to Online Course Delivery for Students with Disabilities in Undergraduate STEM at Large-Enrollment Institutions	{{NAME}} and Undergraduates with Disabilities: Challenges Resulting from {{ORGANIZATION}} STEM at {{ORGANIZATION}}
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	Background: Since December 2019, the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has rapidly spread around the world leading to a pandemic with more than 3,000,000 infected people and more than 200,000 death. Several case definitions have been released and revised by countries and organizations. However, collectivization of case definitions has not been fully investigated.Methods In this study, we rapidly reviewed existing COVID-19 case definitions, finally a dynamic case definition algorithm was provided by using Bayesian theorem models of diagnosis.Results Our results showed categorization as suspected, probable, and confirmed cases, is used in majority of case definitions. Furthermore, the criteria for suspected cases and laboratory testing priority was a point of argument. Due to pandemic situation and resource limitation, diagnostic tests were rationed and mainly administered to a selected population, thus it was shown that the fraction of positive test results does not reflect the total infection rate of the population. Case definitions for COVID-19 is changing as we learn more about the disease. RT-PCR and CT Scan of lung seem to be beneficial in COVID-19 diagnosis and combing them with epidemiological criteria helps us in better understanding of the disease.Conclusion Based on our results, in the current case definitions, only symptomatic patients categorized and tested as a susceptible case. While the majority of COVID-19 cases are asymptomatic carriers of the disease, thus making the prevention more challenging. Dynamic statistical models can provide new insights into surveillance systems.	Rapid review of the existing COVID-19 Case Definitions: A Bayesian Approach model to COVID-19 Case Definitions: A Research Article	Rapid review of the existing COVID-19 Case Definitions: A Bayesian Approach model to {{NAME}}: A {{ORGANIZATION}}
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	Resumen: El brote del virus SARS-CoV-2 que comenzó a fines del año 2019 en China, se ha expandido a Chile y al mundo rápidamente. Hasta la fecha, en Chile, ha afectado a 18.435 personas con una letalidad en adultos de 1,4%. Los pacientes pediátricos con enfermedades hepáticas crónicas son también susceptibles a COVID-19 y podrían tener una peor evolución. El objetivo es entregar recomendaciones sobre el tratamiento médico de pacientes pediátricos con daño hepático crónico (DHC), hepatitis autoinmune (HAI), Enfermedad de hígado graso no alcohólico (EHGNA) y trasplantados hepáticos (TH) en relación a COVID-19. Lo primordial es evitar el contagio y para esto, lo más importante es el lavado de manos, uso de mascarilla en espacios públicos y cerrados, como el distanciamiento social y evitar contacto con personas sintomáticas. Los pacientes con DHC, HAI, EHGNA y TH deben evitar los controles presenciales y favorecer la telemedicina. No existe evidencia que recomiende la modifi cación del tratamiento basal en estos casos. En pacientes COVID-19 (+) se recomienda medidas de aislamiento, preferir uso de paracetamol como antipirético y analgésico y en el manejo de la inmunosupresión, debe considerarse cada caso de forma individual, según gravedad y con evaluación del especialista. Además, se revisan las actuales terapias específicas para COVID-19 y sus precauciones en pacientes con hepatopatías. Las medidas de prevención del contagio, aislamiento social y diagnóstico precoz son fundamentales en pacientes con enfermedad hepática y el riesgo de infección por SARS- CoV-2.	Recommendations for pediatric chronic liver disease and liver transplant during COVID-19/ Recomendaciones en enfermedad hepática crónica y trasplante hepático durante COVID-19 en pediatría	Recommendations for pediatric chronic liver disease and liver transplant during COVID-19/ Recomendaciones en enfermedad hepática crónica y {{NAME}} durante COVID-19 en pediatría
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	AIMS We aimed to examine if bariatric surgery was associated with a reduction in the prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms among people with obesity. MATERIALS AND METHODS We pooled data from 49 studies involving 11,255 people with obesity who underwent bariatric surgery. The study outcomes were the prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms among these patients pre- and post-surgery. RESULTS There was a significant reduction in BMI post-operatively (pooled d+: -13.3 kg/m2 [95% CI -15.19, -11.47], p<0.001). The pooled proportion of patients with anxiety symptoms reduced from 24.5% pre-operatively to 16.9% post-operatively, with an OR of 0.58 (95% CI 0.51, 0.67, p<0.001). The reduction remained significant in women aged ≥40 years and irrespective of post-operative BMI. There were significant reductions in HADS score (anxiety component) by 0.64 (pooled d+: -0.64 [95% CI -1.06, -0.22], p=0.003) and GAD-7 score by 0.54 (pooled d+: -0.54 [95% CI -0.64, -0.44], p<0.001]). The pooled proportion of depressive symptoms reduced from 34.7% pre-operatively to 20.4% post-operatively, with an OR of 0.49 (95% CI 0.37, 0.65, p<0.001). The reduction remained significant irrespective of patient's age and post-operative BMI. There were also significant reductions in HADS score (depressive component) (pooled d+: -1.34 [95% CI -1.93, -0.76], p<0.001), BDI score (pooled d+: -1.04 [95% CI -1.46, -0.63], p<0.001) and PHQ-9 score (pooled d+: -1.11 [95% CI -1.21, -1.01], p<0.001). CONCLUSION Bariatric surgery was associated with significant reductions in the prevalence and severity of depressive and anxiety symptoms among people with obesity. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.	Improvement in mood symptoms post-bariatric surgery among people with obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.	Improvement in mood symptoms post-bariatric surgery among people with obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	Scientists from all over the world have been intensively working to discover different aspects of Coronavi-rus disease 2019 (COVID-19) since the first cluster of cases was reported in China. Herein, we aimed to investigate unclear issues related to transmission and pathogenesis of disease as well as accuracy of diagnostic tests and treatment modalities. A literature search on PubMed, Ovid, and EMBASE databases was con-ducted, and articles pertinent to identified search terms were extracted. A snow-ball search strategy was followed in order to retrieve additional relevant articles. It was reported that viral spread may occur during the asymptomatic phase of infection, and viral load was suggested to be a useful marker to assess disease severity. In contrast to immune response against viral infections, cytotoxic T lymphocytes decline in SARS-CoV-2 infection, which can be partially explained by direct invasion of T lymphocytes or apoptosis activated by SARS-CoV-2. Dysregulation of the urokinase pathway, cleavage of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein by FXa and FIIa, and consumption coagulopathy were the proposed mechanisms of the coagulation dysfunction in COVID-19. False-negative rates of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction varied between 3% and 41% across studies. The probability of the positive test was proposed to decrease with the number of days past from symptom onset. Safety issues related to infection spread limit the use of high flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in hypoxic patients. Further studies are required to elucidate the challenging issues, thus enhancing the management of COVID-19 patients.	Unclear issues regarding COVID-19	Unclear issues regarding COVID-19
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	While gold compound have been approved for Rheumatoid arthritis treatment as it well suppresses inflammatory cytokines of patients, no such treatment is currently available for COVID-19 treatment in vivo . We firstly disclose gold cluster yields better therapeutic outcome than Remdesivir in COVID-19 hamster treatments as it is armed with direct inhibition viral replication and intrinsic suppression inflammatory cytokines expression. Crystal data reveals that Au (I), released from gold cluster (GA), covalently binds thiolate of Cys145 of SARS-CoV-2 M(pro). GA directly decreases SARS-CoV-2 viral replication and intrinsically down-regulates NFκB pathway therefore significantly inhibiting expression of inflammatory cytokines in cells. The inflammatory cytokines in GA-treated COVID-19 transgenic mice are found to be significantly lower than that of control mice. When COVID-19 golden hamsters are treated by GA, the lung inflammatory cytokines levels are significantly lower than that of Remdesivir. The pathological results show that GA treatment significantly reduce lung inflammatory injuries when compared to that of Remdesivir-treated COVID-19 hamsters.	A comparison of Remdesivir versus gold cluster in COVID-19 animal model: A better therapeutic outcome of gold cluster	A comparison of Remdesivir versus gold cluster in COVID-19 animal model: A better therapeutic outcome of gold cluster
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) carrying the D614G mutation on the spike protein is the predominant circulating variant and is associated with enhanced infectivity. However, whether this dominant variant can potentially spread through the cold chain and whether the spike protein affects virus stability after cold storage remain unclear. To compare the infectivity of two SARS-CoV-2 variants, namely, SARS-CoV-2 variants with spike protein with the D614 mutation (S-D614) and G614 mutation (S-G614), after different periods of refrigeration (4°C) and freezing (-20°C). We also determined the integrity of the viral RNA and the ability of the spike protein to bind angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) after storage at these conditions. The results showed that SARS-CoV-2 was more stable and infectious after storage at -20°C than at 4°C. Particularly, the S-G614 variant was found to be more stable than the S-D614 variant. The spike protein of the S-G614 variant had better binding ability with the ACE2 receptor than that of the S-D614 variant after storage at -20°C for up to 30 days. Our findings revealed that SARS-CoV-2 remains stable and infectious after refrigeration or freezing, and their stability and infectivity up to 30 days depends on the spike variant. Stability and infectivity are related to each other, and the higher stability of S-G614 compared to that of S-D614 may contribute to rapid viral spread of the S-G614 variant.IMPORTANCE It has been observed that variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are more stable and infectious after storage at -20°C than at 4°C. A SARS-CoV-2 S-D614G variant is currently the most dominant variant in circulation and is associated with enhanced infectivity. We compared the stability of two SARS-CoV-2 variants: the early S-D614 variant carrying the D614 spike protein and the new S-G614 variant carrying the G614 spike protein, stored at both 4°C and -20°C for different periods. We observed that SARS-CoV-2 remains stable and infectious after refrigeration or freezing, which further depends on the spike variant, that is, the ability of the spike protein to bind with the ACE2 receptor with higher efficiency. The high stability of the S-G614 variant also explains its rapid spread and infectivity. Therefore, precautions should be taken during and after handling food preserved under cold conditions.	Stability of SARS-CoV-2 Spike G614 Variant Surpasses That of the D614 Variant after Cold Storage	Stability of SARS-CoV-2 Spike G614 Variant Surpasses That of the D614 Variant after {{ORGANIZATION}}
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	On 30 January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the current novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a public health emergency of international concern and later characterized it as a pandemic. New data show that excess body mass and vitamin D deficiency might be related to the disease severity and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether latitude, as a proxy of sunlight exposure and Vitamin D synthesis, and prevalent obesity among European populations, is related to COVID-19 spread and severity. European COVID-19 data (incidence and fatality), including information on the prevalence of obesity, social distancing, and others were obtained by the “Our World in Data” website on 17 April 2021. Adjusted analysis showed that higher COVID-19 incidence and fatality were pictured in countries being in higher latitude, both during the whole period, as well as, during the time period 1 November 2020–31 March 2021. Higher incidence and fatality of COVID-19 were observed where the prevalence of overweight/obesity was higher during the whole time period, whereas during the time period 1 November 2020–31 March 2021, only COVID-19 incidence was higher but not a fatality. The present results provide insights for targeted interventions and preventive strategies against COVID-19.	COVID-19 Mortality in Europe, by Latitude and Obesity Status: A Geo-Spatial Analysis in 40 Countries	{{ORGANIZATION}} in Europe, by Latitude and Obesity Status: A {{ORGANIZATION}} in 40 {{ORGANIZATION}}
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 has caused millions of fatalities globally since its origin in November 2019. The SARS-CoV-2 shares 79 and 50 per cent genome similarity with its predecessors, severe SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus, all belonging to the same genus, Betacoronavirus. This relatively new virus has stymied the effective control of COVID-19 pandemic and caused huge social and economic impact worldwide. The FDA-approved drugs were re-purposed to reduce the number of fatalities caused by SARS-CoV-2. However, controversy surrounds about the efficacy of these re-purposed antiviral drugs against SARS-CoV-2.This necessitates the identification of new drug targets for SARS-CoV-2. Hence, the development of pre-clinical animal model is warranted. Such animal models may help us gain better understanding of the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection and will be effective tools for the evaluation and licensure of therapeutic strategies against SARS-CoV-2. This review provides a summary of the attempts made till to develop a suitable animal model to understand pathophysiology and effectiveness of therapeutic agents against SARS-CoV-2.	An overview of preclinical animal models for SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity	An overview of preclinical animal models for SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	Membranes are natural selective barriers necessary for the correct function of human cells as they control the entry of diverse molecules into the intracellular space Although small and polar molecules such as amino acids and ions cancome across the membrane through channels, larger macromolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids generally failto do so This represents a significant obstacle for efficient intracellular drug delivery, which is essential to increase the bioavailability of pharmacological agents for the treatment of numerous diseases Commonly, diverse methods havebeen studied to mediate the uptake of large molecules, including mechanical and electrical transfection techniques,but also viral carrier systems Some of these methods have been successfully tested in vitro but exhibit biosafety and cytotoxicity issues Inconsequence, there is an increasing interest in the development of novel delivery methods with low cytotoxicity butalso high transduction efficiency An attractive alternative is the cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), which can beobtained from different origins including signal peptides, viral proteins, or antimicrobial peptides CPPs are generallyshort peptides with lengths between 5-30 amino acids, positively charged or amphipathic, and rich in arginine andlysine Due to their ability to intermingle with the phospholipids of membrane bilayers, some CPPs are able toundergo translocation, and consequently can be considered as promising candidates for the delivery of biologically active molecules to cells The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has attracted significant attention over the past few months as it is responsible forthe current global sanitary emergency where more than 1 3 M cases have been confirmed and over 70,000 peoplehave died The Spike (S) glycoprotein has been thought to be responsible as the major determinant of the viraltropism towards human cells This protein has a 180 kDa molecular weight and is displayed at the viral surface as atrimer composed of two major domains The first one is the S1, which contains the receptor-binding domain (RBD)responsible for mediating the receptor binding (Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) The second one is the S2, whichallows the membrane fusion through the exposure of a fusion protein that is activated by proteolytic cleavage in a siteupstream (S2’) and proteolytically primed at the interface of the S1 and S2 domains Transmission of the geneticmaterial into the host cells has been attributed to proteases in priming, receptor binding, and some ionic interactions controlling the stability of the virus By recognizing the strong interaction between de spike (S) glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 and the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 from the cellular membrane of the lung cells, here we aimed at finding motifs that could serve aspossible sources of peptides capable of intermingling with membranes, and eventually with superior translocatingpotency For this purpose, a prediction of the tertiary structure of the S protein from the SARS-CoV-2 was performedby homology, using Phyre Server, with the S protein from the bat coronavirus RaTG13 This was selected due to itscloseness to the SARS-CoV-2 virus as it shares more than 93% of the identity in the S gene Simultaneously, thestructure was also predicted de novo using the iTASSER Server to assure that predictions were robust enough forbiophysical interaction studies To determine the motifs with significant membrane activity (and potential translocationability), a prediction of the possible formed transmembrane helices was carried out using TMHMM Server v 2 0 Finally, the selected sequences were studied into detail via molecular dynamics (MD), using a mode membrane Copyright © American Institute of Chemical Engineers All rights reserved	Study of the Spike (S) glycoprotein from the SARSCoV-2 as a possible source of translocating peptides of biomedical interest	Study of the Spike (S) glycoprotein from the SARSCoV-2 as a possible source of translocating peptides of biomedical interest
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	The CR1 gene has been widely studied in Alzheimer's disease (AD), since its first association with the disease in 2009. Even after 11 years of this discovery, the role of this gene in AD has not yet been fully elucidated and the association of its variants was not validated in Latin American populations. We genotyped five CR1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs rs6656401, rs3849266, rs2274567, rs4844610, and rs12034383) in up to 162 AD patients and 137 controls through PCR-SSP and iPLEX MassARRAY Platform (Sequenom), and measured soluble CR1 (sCR1) levels in plasma of 40 AD patients and 39 controls with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Homozygosity for haplotype rs3849266C_rs2274567A (CA/CA genotype) was associated with susceptibility to AD (OR = 2.94, p = 0.018). Patients presented higher sCR1 levels in plasma than controls (p = 0.038). Furthermore, patients that carry the rs2274567*G allele (p.1208Arg) presented higher sCR1 levels than A/A (p.1208His/His) homozygotes (p = 0.036). This is the first study to validate the association of CR1 polymorphisms with late-onset Alzheimer's disease, as well as to evaluate sCR1 levels in a Latin American population. SNPs present in the regulatory and coding regions of this gene may be playing a key role in the observed association, probably by interfering in Aß plaques clearance. Inhibition may be due to the increase in local sCR1 levels observed in patients, which may result from polymorphisms leading to larger isoforms of CR1 and/or structural alterations of the protein that makes it less functional, as well as increased vesiculation of the molecules.	First Report of CR1 Polymorphisms and Soluble CR1 Levels Associated with Late Onset Alzheimer's Disease (LOAD) in Latin America	{{ORGANIZATION}} and {{ORGANIZATION}} with Late Onset Alzheimer's Disease (LOAD) in Latin America
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	Visitors may be involved in infection transmission within healthcare settings; however, there is currently limited published data on this subject. This chapter describes situations in which visitor-associated infection transmission occurred and highlights the potential role of visitors in the transmission of pathogenic organisms that can lead to outbreaks in healthcare settings. Infection prevention measures, including isolation precautions and visitor restriction, may be utilized and potentially adapted in order to protect patients and their visitors as well as healthcare personnel. The practical and ethical challenges regarding the use of isolation precautions among visitors to healthcare facilities are discussed.	Isolation Precautions for Visitors to Healthcare Settings	{{ORGANIZATION}} to {{ORGANIZATION}}
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	To reveal the putative cellular factors involved in SARS coronavirus replication, the helicase (Hel, nsp13) of SARS coronavirus was used to screen the cDNA library of rat pulmonary epithelial cells using the yeast two-hybrid system. Positively interacting proteins were further tested using a mammalian cell hybrid system and co-immunoprecipitation in the human A549 cell line, which has been shown to support SARS coronavirus replication. Out of the seven positive clones observed by yeast two-hybrid assay, only the Ddx5 (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp box polypeptide 5) protein showed specific interaction with SARS-CoV helicase. When expression of DdX5 was knocked down by small interfering RNA (siRNA), SARS coronavirus replication was significantly inhibited in fetal rhesus kidney (FRhK-4) cells. Since Ddx5 is a multifunctional protein that plays important roles in transcriptional regulation, its interaction with SARS coronavirus helicase provides interesting clues for studying virus–host cell interactions in SARS-CoV infections. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00705-009-0323-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.	Interaction between SARS-CoV helicase and a multifunctional cellular protein (Ddx5) revealed by yeast and mammalian cell two-hybrid systems	Interaction between SARS-CoV helicase and a multifunctional cellular protein ({{ORGANIZATION}}) revealed by yeast and mammalian cell two-hybrid systems
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	Background: The diagnosis of COVID-19 based on clinical evaluation is difficult because symptoms often overlap with other respiratory diseases. A clinical score predictive of COVID-19 based on readily assessed variables may be useful in settings with restricted or no access to molecular diagnostic tests. Methods: A score based on demographics and symptoms was developed in a cross-sectional study including patients attended in a dedicated COVID-19 screening unit. A backward stepwise logistic regression model was constructed and values for each variable were assigned according to their {beta} coefficient values in the final model. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed and its area under the curve (AUC) was calculated. Results: A total of 464 patients were included: 98 (21.1%) COVID-19 and 366 (78.9%) non-COVID-19 patients. The score included variables independently associated with COVID-19 in the final model: age equal or above 60 years (2 points), fever (2), dyspnea (1), fatigue (1 point) and coryza (-1). Score values were significantly higher in COVID-19 than non-COVID-19 patients: median (Interquartile Range), 3 (2-4), and 1 (0-2), respectively; P<0.001. The score had an AUC of 0.80 (95% Confidence Interval [CI], 0.76-0.86). The specificity of scores equal or greater than 4 and 5 points were 90.4 (95%CI, 87.0-93.3) and 96.2 (95%CI, 93.7-97.9), respectively. Conclusions: This preliminary score based on patients symptoms is a feasible tool that may be useful in setting with restricted or no access to molecular tests in a pandemic period, owing to the high specificity. Further studies are required to validate the score in other populations.	Development of a Predictive Score for COVID-19 Diagnosis based on Demographics and Symptoms in Patients Attended at a Dedicated Screening Unit	Development of a Predictive Score for COVID-19 Diagnosis based on {{ORGANIZATION}} at a {{ORGANIZATION}} Unit
Please summerize the given abstract to a title	BACKGROUND: The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in late 2019 and its subsequent spread worldwide continues to be a global health crisis. Many governments consider contact tracing of citizens through apps installed on mobile phones as a key mechanism to contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we sought to explore the suitability of artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled social media analyses using Facebook and Twitter to understand public perceptions of COVID-19 contact tracing apps in the United Kingdom. METHODS: We extracted and analyzed over 10,000 relevant social media posts across an 8-month period, from March 1 to October 31, 2020. We used an initial filter with COVID-19-related keywords, which were predefined as part of an open Twitter-based COVID-19 dataset. We then applied a second filter using contract tracing app-related keywords and a geographical filter. We developed and utilized a hybrid, rule-based ensemble model, combining state-of-the-art lexicon rule-based and deep learning-based approaches. RESULTS: Overall, we observed 76% positive and 12% negative sentiments, with the majority of negative sentiments reported in the North of England. These sentiments varied over time, likely influenced by ongoing public debates around implementing app-based contact tracing by using a centralized model where data would be shared with the health service, compared with decentralized contact-tracing technology. CONCLUSIONS: Variations in sentiments corroborate with ongoing debates surrounding the information governance of health-related information. AI-enabled social media analysis of public attitudes in health care can help facilitate the implementation of effective public health campaigns.	Understanding Public Perceptions of COVID-19 Contact Tracing Apps: Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Social Media Analysis	Understanding Public Perceptions of COVID-19 Contact Tracing Apps: Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Social Media Analysis