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split_0_train_200 | split_0_train_200 | [
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split_0_train_201 | split_0_train_201 | [
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"Consistent with this , immunoblotting and EMSAs revealed that endogenous nucleus CDP and , correspondingly , DNA binding activity decreased when keratinocytes were induced to differentiate ."
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split_0_train_202 | split_0_train_202 | [
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"The elevated promoter activities were abrogated by exogenously transfected CDP ."
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split_0_train_203 | split_0_train_203 | [
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split_0_train_204 | split_0_train_204 | [
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"The SpoIIE phosphatase , the sporulation septum and the establishment of forespore - specific transcription in Bacillus subtilis : a reassessment ."
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split_0_train_205 | split_0_train_205 | [
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"Making a spore in Bacillus subtilis requires the formation of two cells , the forespore and the mother cell , which follow dissimilar patterns of gene expression ."
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split_0_train_206 | split_0_train_206 | [
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"Cell specificity is first established in the forespore under the control of the sigma F factor , which is itself activated through the action of the SpoIIE serine phosphatase , an enzyme targeted to the septum between the two cells ."
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split_0_train_207 | split_0_train_207 | [
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"Deletion of the 10 transmembrane segments of the SpoIIE protein leads to random distribution of SpoIIE in the cytoplasm ."
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split_0_train_208 | split_0_train_208 | [
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"Activation of sigma F is slightly delayed and less efficient than in wild type , but it remains restricted to the forespore in a large proportion of cells and the bacteria sporulate with 30 % efficiency ."
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split_0_train_209 | split_0_train_209 | [
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"Overexpression of the complete SpoIIE protein in a divIC mutant leads to significant sigma F activity , indicating that the septum requirement for activating sigma F can be bypassed ."
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] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_210 | split_0_train_210 | [
{
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"text": [
"In contradiction to current models , we propose that genetic asymmetry is not created by unequal distribution of SpoIIE within the sporangium , but by exclusion of an inhibitor of SpoIIE from the forespore ."
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180,
186
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split_0_train_211 | split_0_train_211 | [
{
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"text": [
"This putative inhibitor would be a cytoplasmic molecule that interacts with SpoIIE and shuts off its phosphatase activity until it disappears specifically from the forespore ."
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101,
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] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_212 | split_0_train_212 | [
{
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"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Indian hedgehog in the late - phase differentiation in mouse chondrogenic EC cells , ATDC5 : upregulation of type X collagen and osteoprotegerin ligand mRNAs ."
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129,
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] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_213 | split_0_train_213 | [
{
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"text": [
"Endochondral bone formation includes a cascade of cellular events such as proliferation , maturation , hypertrophic conversion and calcification of chondrocytes and the cartilage replacement by bone ."
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0,
200
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}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_214 | split_0_train_214 | [
{
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"text": [
"During these processes , hypertrophic conversion and calcification of chondrocytes ( the late - phase differentiation ) is a crucial process of chondrogenic differentiation ."
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0,
174
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}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_215 | split_0_train_215 | [
{
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"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Indian hedgehog ( Ihh ) , a secreted protein expressed in early hypertrophic chondrocytes , is thought to be involved in regulation of hypertrophic conversion via a feedback loop through the perichondrium ."
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split_0_train_216 | split_0_train_216 | [
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"text": [
"In the present study , we showed by Northern analysis and in situ hybridization that Smoothened ( Smo ) , a key component in hedgehog signal transduction , was expressed in chondrocytes in both adult mice and mouse embryos at 16 days post - coitum in vivo , suggesting that Ihh directly acts on chondrocytes ."
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split_0_train_217 | split_0_train_217 | [
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"We previously reported that Ihh , Patched and Smo were all expressed in differentiated ATDC5 cells ."
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split_0_train_218 | split_0_train_218 | [
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"text": [
"Exogenously administered mouse recombinant N - terminal protein of Ihh ( mrIhh - N ) upregulated the gene expression of type X collagen , a phenotypic marker of hypertrophic chondrocytes , as well as osteoprotegerin ligand ( OPGL ) , a potent stimulator of osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast activity , while it did not modulate the expression of Ihh itself , bone morphogenetic protein ( BMP ) - 4 , BMP-6 , transforming growth factor ( TGF ) - beta1 and TGF-beta2 in differentiated ATDC5 cells ."
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split_0_train_219 | split_0_train_219 | [
{
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"Moreover , when added to the osteoclast cultures , mrIhh-N N markedly stimulated the formation of resorption pits on dentine slices ."
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133
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split_0_train_220 | split_0_train_220 | [
{
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"text": [
"Our data support the hypothesis that Ihh stimulated the late - phase chondrogenic differentiation in differentiated ATDC5 cells and upregulated the gene expression of OPGL in these cells ."
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split_0_train_221 | split_0_train_221 | [
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split_0_train_222 | split_0_train_222 | [
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split_0_train_223 | split_0_train_223 | [
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split_0_train_224 | split_0_train_224 | [
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57,
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{
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82,
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{
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118,
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{
"id": "split_0_train_407_entity",
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154,
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"id": "split_0_train_408_entity",
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161,
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{
"id": "split_0_train_410_entity",
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"mitogen - activated protein kinase ( MAPK ) superfamily"
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[
190,
245
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],
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}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_227 | split_0_train_227 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_227_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"To investigate the potential role of MAPKs in the regulation of c-jun by tumor hypoxia , we focused on the activation SAPK / JNKs in SiHa human squamous carcinoma cells ."
],
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[
0,
170
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]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_411_entity",
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37,
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{
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"text": [
"JNKs"
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125,
129
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}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_228 | split_0_train_228 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_228_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Here , we describe the transient activation of SAPK / JNKs by tumor - like hypoxia , and the concurrent transcriptional activation of MKP-1 , a stress - inducible member of the MAPK phosphatase ( MKP ) family of dual specificity protein - tyrosine phosphatases ."
],
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0,
262
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{
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47,
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{
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54,
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134,
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{
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177,
260
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],
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}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_229 | split_0_train_229 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_229_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"MKP-1 antagonizes SAPK / JNK activation in response to diverse environmental stresses ."
],
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0,
87
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}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_419_entity",
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"text": [
"MKP-1"
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0,
5
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{
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18,
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{
"id": "split_0_train_421_entity",
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"text": [
"JNK"
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[
25,
28
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],
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}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_230 | split_0_train_230 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_230_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Together , these findings identify MKP-1 as a hypoxia - responsive gene and suggest a critical role in the regulation of SAPK / JNK activity in the tumor microenvironment ."
],
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0,
172
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]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_422_entity",
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"text": [
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35,
40
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{
"id": "split_0_train_423_entity",
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"text": [
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121,
125
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{
"id": "split_0_train_424_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"JNK"
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"offsets": [
[
128,
131
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_231 | split_0_train_231 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_231_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Human mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase cDNA cloning , expression and genomic organization ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
94
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]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_425_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase"
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"offsets": [
[
6,
41
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_232 | split_0_train_232 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_232_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"We have isolated a 1918 - bp cDNA from a human adrenal cDNA library which encodes a novel thioredoxin reductase ( TrxR2 ) of 521 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular mass of 56.2 kDa ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
195
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]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_426_entity",
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"text": [
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90,
111
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{
"id": "split_0_train_427_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"TrxR2"
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[
114,
119
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],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_233 | split_0_train_233 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_233_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"It is highly homologous to the previously described cytosolic enzyme ( TrxR1 ) , including the conserved active site CVNVGC and the FAD - binding and NADPH - binding domains ."
],
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[
0,
175
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]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_428_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"TrxR1"
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[
71,
76
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],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_234 | split_0_train_234 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_234_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"However , human TrxR2 differs from human TrxR1 by the presence of a 33 - amino acid extension at the N-terminus which has properties characteristic of a mitochondrial translocation signal ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
189
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_429_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"TrxR2"
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16,
21
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],
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},
{
"id": "split_0_train_430_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"TrxR1"
],
"offsets": [
[
41,
46
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_235 | split_0_train_235 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_235_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Northern - blot analysis identified one mRNA species of 2.2 kb with highest expression in prostate , testis and liver ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
119
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_236 | split_0_train_236 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_236_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"We expressed human TrxR2 as a fusion protein with green fluorescent protein and showed that in vivo it is localized in mitochondria ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
133
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_431_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"TrxR2"
],
"offsets": [
[
19,
24
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],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_432_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"green fluorescent protein"
],
"offsets": [
[
50,
75
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_237 | split_0_train_237 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_237_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Removal of the mitochondrial targeting sequence abolishes the mitochondrial translocation ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
91
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_238 | split_0_train_238 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_238_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Finally , we determined the genomic organization of the human TrxR2 gene , which consists of 18 exons spanning about 67 kb , and its chromosomal localization at position 22q11.2 ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
179
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_433_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"TrxR2"
],
"offsets": [
[
62,
67
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_239 | split_0_train_239 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_239_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Afterglows from the largest explosions in the universe ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
56
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_240 | split_0_train_240 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_240_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The distinction of \" largest explosions in the universe \" has been bestowed on cosmic gamma-ray bursts ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
104
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_241 | split_0_train_241 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_241_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Their afterglows are brighter than supernovae and therefore are called hypernovae ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
83
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_242 | split_0_train_242 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_242_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Photometry and spectroscopy of these afterglows have provided major breakthroughs in our understanding of this mysterious phenomenon ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
134
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_243 | split_0_train_243 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_243_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"[ Fetal hypotrophy : morphological pictures of placenta in light and electron microscopy of female residents of the Czenstochow region ]"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
136
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_244 | split_0_train_244 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_244_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The 16 afterbirths samples obtained from pregnancies complicated by idiopathic fetal hypotrophy was examined ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
110
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_245 | split_0_train_245 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_245_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The criteria of hypotrophy were established : the duration of gestation above 36 weeks , the birth - weight was less than 2500 g ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
130
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_246 | split_0_train_246 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_246_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The control group included 8 afterbirth samples from physiological full - term pregnancies ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
92
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_247 | split_0_train_247 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_247_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"It was performed macroscopic examination , light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
98
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_248 | split_0_train_248 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_248_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Macroscopically , no changes were found in the study group apart from the small differences of the weight ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
107
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_249 | split_0_train_249 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_249_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Light microscopy showed the retardation of placenta maturation from fetus hypotrophy group , congestion of the villi and presence of the numerous calcifications ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
162
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_250 | split_0_train_250 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_250_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Transmission electron microscopy showed the changes of placental barrier elements : adaptation processes and chronic progressive damage of the cells ( exfoliation of the endothelial cells from the basal membrane ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
215
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_251 | split_0_train_251 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_251_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Regulation of the enteric nervous system in the internal anal sphincter in Hirschsprung 's disease ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
100
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_252 | split_0_train_252 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_252_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"BACKGROUND / AIMS :"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
19
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_253 | split_0_train_253 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_253_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The cause of impaired motility of the aganglionic internal anal sphincter ( IAS ) in Hirschsprung 's disease ( HD ) is unknown ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
128
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_254 | split_0_train_254 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_254_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"To clarify the physiological significance of non - adrenergic non - cholinergic ( NANC ) excitatory and inhibitory nerves in the IAS of HD , we investigated the enteric nerve responses on lesional and normal IAS in patients with HD and in patients who had undergone rectal amputation for low rectal cancer ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
307
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_255 | split_0_train_255 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_255_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"METHODOLOGY :"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
13
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_256 | split_0_train_256 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_256_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Twelve preparations were taken from the lesional IAS of 7 patients with HD ( 5 boys and 2 girls aged between 6 months and 1.5 years with a mean age of 8 months ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
163
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_257 | split_0_train_257 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_257_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Twenty preparations were taken from the normal IAS of 10 patients with low rectal cancer ( 6 men and 2 women , aged between 48 and 72 years with a mean age of 54.6 years ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
173
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_258 | split_0_train_258 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_258_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"A mechanographic technique was used to evaluate in vitro muscle responses to the electrical field stimulation ( EFS ) of adrenergic and cholinergic nerves before and after treatment with various autonomic nerve blockers ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
221
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_259 | split_0_train_259 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_259_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"RESULTS :"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
9
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_260 | split_0_train_260 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_260_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Cholinergic nerves are mainly involved in the regulation of enteric nerve responses to EFS in the normal IAS ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
110
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_261 | split_0_train_261 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_261_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The aganglionic IAS of patients with HD was more strongly innervated by cholinergic nerves than the normal IAS ( p < 0.05 ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
125
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_262 | split_0_train_262 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_262_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"NANC excitatory and inhibitory nerves were found to act on the normal IAS , but had no effect on it in aganglionosis ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
118
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_263 | split_0_train_263 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_263_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"CONCLUSIONS :"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
13
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_264 | split_0_train_264 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_264_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"These findings suggest that NANC excitatory and inhibitory nerves play an important role in the impaired motility observed in the IAS in HD ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
141
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_265 | split_0_train_265 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_265_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The effects of tetramethylpyrazine on the incidence of arrhythmias and the release of PGI2 and TXA2 in the ischemic rat heart ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
127
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_266 | split_0_train_266 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_266_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Pretreatment with tetramethylpyrazine ( TMP , 12 mg / kg / day ) , a drug originally derived from the rhizomes of Ligusticum wallichii , significantly reduced the incidence of ischemia - induced ventricular tachycardia ( VT ) and fibrillation ( VF ) from 100 % and 50 % of control hearts to 41 % ( p < 0.05 ) and 0 % ( p < 0.05 ) , respectively , in the ischemic rat heart ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
374
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_267 | split_0_train_267 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_267_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"TMP also diminished the incidence of reperfusion - induced VT and VF from 100 % and 100 % of control hearts to 33 % ( p < 0.05 ) and 41 % ( p < 0.05 ) , respectively ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
167
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_268 | split_0_train_268 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_268_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Pretreatment with TMP produced a slight , but significant increase of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and a decrease of TXB2 production during aerobic perfusion ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
148
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_269 | split_0_train_269 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_269_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Ischemia and reperfusion markedly increased the release of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and TXB2 ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
87
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_270 | split_0_train_270 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_270_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Pretreatment with TMP significantly enhanced the release of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and diminished TXB2 outflow following left coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
164
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_271 | split_0_train_271 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_271_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Online LATCH ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
14
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]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_272 | split_0_train_272 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_272_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The LATCH program developed as a means of expanding the library 's circle of communication ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
92
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_273 | split_0_train_273 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_273_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Online LATCH was initiated to save time , reduce paperwork and to provide information that impacts directly on patient care ."
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[
0,
125
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]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_274 | split_0_train_274 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_274_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Initiated at the unit by physicians or nurses , the LATCH request is typed onto the CRT , relayed through the Hospital Information System ( HIS ) , and is picked up by the library staff who forward the literature directly to the unit to be attached to the patient record ."
],
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[
0,
272
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]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_275 | split_0_train_275 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_275_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Eighty-nine per cent of LATCH requests are answered the same day ."
],
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[
0,
66
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]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_276 | split_0_train_276 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_276_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Online LATCH demonstrates a shift in identification of the library as an isolated unit to an interactive resource center ."
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[
0,
122
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]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_277 | split_0_train_277 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_277_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Basic helix - loop - helix proteins can act at the E-box within the serum response element of the c-fos promoter to influence hormone - induced promoter activation in Sertoli cells ."
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0,
182
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]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_434_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"c-fos"
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98,
103
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],
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}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_278 | split_0_train_278 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_278_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The Sertoli cell is a terminally differentiated testicular cell in the adult required to maintain the process of spermatogenesis ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
130
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]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_279 | split_0_train_279 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_279_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Previously basic helix - loop - helix ( bHLH ) factors and c-fos have been shown to influence Sertoli cell - differentiated functions ."
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0,
135
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]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_435_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"c-fos"
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[
59,
64
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],
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}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_280 | split_0_train_280 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_280_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The induction of Sertoli cell differentiation appears to involve the serum response element ( SRE ) of the c-fos promoter to activate c-fos and intermediate bHLH factor(s) that regulate down - stream Sertoli cell - differentiated genes ( e.g. transferrin expression ) ."
],
"offsets": [
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0,
269
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]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_436_entity",
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{
"id": "split_0_train_437_entity",
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},
{
"id": "split_0_train_438_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"transferrin"
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[
243,
254
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],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_281 | split_0_train_281 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_281_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The SRE of the c-fos promoter is influenced through the serum response factor ( SRF ) ."
],
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[
0,
87
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]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_439_entity",
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"text": [
"c-fos"
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15,
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},
{
"id": "split_0_train_440_entity",
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"text": [
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56,
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},
{
"id": "split_0_train_441_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"SRF"
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"offsets": [
[
80,
83
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_282 | split_0_train_282 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_282_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Interestingly , an E-box nucleotide sequence is present within the SRE ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
72
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_283 | split_0_train_283 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_283_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"bHLH proteins act through E-box elements , and the current study investigates the possibility that bHLH proteins may directly influence the SRE of the c-fos promoter ."
],
"offsets": [
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167
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]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_442_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"c-fos"
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[
151,
156
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],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_284 | split_0_train_284 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_284_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The activation of the c-fos promoter in Sertoli cells was found to be inhibited with the overexpression of the inhibitory HLH protein Id ."
],
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0,
138
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]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_443_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"c-fos"
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22,
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},
{
"id": "split_0_train_444_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Id"
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"offsets": [
[
134,
136
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_285 | split_0_train_285 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_285_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Analysis of major response elements within the c-fos promoter demonstrated that the expression of Id specifically inhibited the activation of SRE in Sertoli cells and no other elements tested ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
193
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]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_445_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"c-fos"
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"offsets": [
[
47,
52
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],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_286 | split_0_train_286 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_286_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Mutations in the E-box of the SRE also inhibited the activation of SRE , suggesting the direct role of bHLH proteins in regulating SRE activity in Sertoli cells ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
162
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_287 | split_0_train_287 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_287_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"In contrast , the activation of SRE containing a mutated E-box was comparable to wild - type SRE in control stromal cells ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
123
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_288 | split_0_train_288 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_288_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Analysis of SRE oligonucleotide gel mobility shift assays with nuclear extracts from Sertoli cells demonstrated the presence of both the SRF and the ubiquitously expressed bHLH protein E12 / E47 ."
],
"offsets": [
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0,
196
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]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_446_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
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137,
140
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},
{
"id": "split_0_train_447_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"E12 / E47"
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"offsets": [
[
185,
194
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],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_289 | split_0_train_289 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_289_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"In contrast , no E12 / E47 was detected in the SRE oligonucleotide gel shift using control stromal cell nuclear extracts ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
122
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]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_448_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"E12 / E47"
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"offsets": [
[
17,
26
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],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_290 | split_0_train_290 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_290_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Observations suggest the binding of E12 / E47 to SRE may be a cell - specific event ."
],
"offsets": [
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0,
85
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]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_449_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"E12 / E47"
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"offsets": [
[
36,
45
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_291 | split_0_train_291 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_291_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The SRF and bHLH proteins appear to bind to the SRE and activate the c-fos promoter in Sertoli cells ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
102
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]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_450_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"SRF"
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},
{
"id": "split_0_train_451_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"c-fos"
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"offsets": [
[
69,
74
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],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_292 | split_0_train_292 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_292_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Observations provide evidence that a bHLH protein can interact with the SRE of the c-fos promoter to influence hormone - induced promoter activation ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
150
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]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_452_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"c-fos"
],
"offsets": [
[
83,
88
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_293 | split_0_train_293 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_293_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Cross - talk between these nuclear transcription factors appears to be instrumental in the control of Sertoli cell - differentiated functions ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
143
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_453_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"transcription factors"
],
"offsets": [
[
35,
56
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_294 | split_0_train_294 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_294_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Interferon-alpha may exacerbate cryoblobulinemia - related ischemic manifestations : an adverse effect potentially related to its anti - angiogenic activity ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
158
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_454_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Interferon-alpha"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
16
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_295 | split_0_train_295 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_295_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The discovery of the strong association between hepatitis C virus ( HCV ) infection and the development of mixed cryoglobulinemia has motivated active testing of antiviral - directed alternative therapies ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
206
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_296 | split_0_train_296 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_296_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Several trials have demonstrated that classic cryoglobulinemia - associated manifestations improve with interferon-alpha ( IFNalpha ) treatment ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
145
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_455_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"interferon-alpha"
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"offsets": [
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104,
120
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],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_456_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"IFNalpha"
],
"offsets": [
[
123,
131
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_297 | split_0_train_297 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_297_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Herein we report on 3 HCV - infected patients with severe cryoglobulinemia - related ischemic manifestations who were closely followed up during IFNalpha therapy ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
163
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_457_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"IFNalpha"
],
"offsets": [
[
145,
153
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_298 | split_0_train_298 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_298_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Clinical evaluations with special attention to ischemic lesions , liver function tests , and cryocrit determinations were serially performed ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
142
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_299 | split_0_train_299 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_299_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"In addition to prednisone and immunosuppressive agents , the patients received IFNalpha at 3 x 10(6) units , 3 times per week for 2 months , 3 months , and 4 months , respectively ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
181
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]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_458_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"IFNalpha"
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"offsets": [
[
79,
87
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],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |